diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json index 3c3c3691..b318b644 100644 --- a/package-lock.json +++ b/package-lock.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "gdcmvs", - "version": "v2.2.4", + "version": "v2.2.5", "lockfileVersion": 1, "requires": true, "dependencies": { diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 3f2ef76c..05138fbc 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "gdcmvs", - "version": "v2.2.4", + "version": "v2.2.5", "description": "GDC Metadata Validation Services", "main": "app.js", "scripts": { diff --git a/server/components/caDSR.js b/server/components/caDSR.js index 41f98193..87b56bf3 100644 --- a/server/components/caDSR.js +++ b/server/components/caDSR.js @@ -194,6 +194,22 @@ const loadSynonyms = next => { } }; +const updateSynonyms = (ncitids, next) => { + //get data + if(ncitids.length > 0){ + fs.truncate('./server/data_files/ncit_details_tmp.js', 0, () => { + console.log('ncit_details_tmp.js truncated') + }); + // let new_ncit = spliceArray(ncit, 1000); + synchronziedLoadSynonmysfromNCIT_4_update(ncitids, 0, () =>{ + return next(); + }); + }else{ + logger.debug('Already up to date'); + return next('Success'); + } +}; + const loadNcitSynonyms_continue = next => { let ncitids = []; let synonyms = shared.readNCItDetails(); @@ -203,45 +219,92 @@ const loadNcitSynonyms_continue = next => { for (let c in cc) { let vs = cc[c]; for (let v in vs) { - let code = vs[v]; - if (code !== "" && ncitids.indexOf(code) == -1) { - ncitids.push(code); + let codes = vs[v]; // [Cxxxxxx, cEEEEEE] + if (Array.isArray(codes)) { + codes.forEach((code) => { + if (!(code in synonyms)) { + if (ncitids.indexOf(code) == -1) { + ncitids.push(code); + } + } else { + logger.debug("in the synonyms:" + code); + } + }); + } else { + if (!(codes in synonyms)) { + if (ncitids.indexOf(codes) == -1) { + ncit.push(codes); + } + } else { + logger.debug("in the synonyms:" + codes); + } } } } + + + + for(let cnp in gdc_values){ let enums = gdc_values[cnp]; enums.forEach(em => { - let n_c = em.n_c; - if(ncitids.indexOf(n_c) === -1){ - ncitids.push(n_c); - } - }); - } - let ncit = []; - ncitids.forEach(id => { - if (Array.isArray(id)) { - id.forEach((id) => { - if (!(id in synonyms)) { - if (id.indexOf('E') === -1) { - ncit.push(id); + //let n_c = em.n_c; + + let codes = em.n_c; + + if (Array.isArray(codes)) { + codes.forEach((code) => { + if (!(code in synonyms)) { + if (ncitids.indexOf(code) == -1) { + ncitids.push(code); + } + } else { + logger.debug("in the synonyms:" + code); + } + }); + } else { + if (!(codes in synonyms)) { + if (ncitids.indexOf(codes) == -1) { + ncit.push(codes); } } else { - logger.debug("in the synonyms:" + id); - } - }); - } else { - if (!(id in synonyms)) { - if (id.indexOf('E') === -1) { - ncit.push(id); + logger.debug("in the synonyms:" + codes); } - } else { - logger.debug("in the synonyms:" + id); } - } - }); - if(ncit.length > 0){ - synchronziedLoadSynonmysfromNCIT(ncit, 0, data => { + + + + + + // if(ncitids.indexOf(n_c) === -1){ + // ncitids.push(n_c); + // } + }); + } + // let ncit = []; + // ncitids.forEach(id => { + // if (Array.isArray(id)) { + // id.forEach((code) => { + // if (!(code in synonyms)) { + // if (code.indexOf('E') === -1 && ncit.indexOf(code) == -1) { + // ncit.push(code); + // } + // } else { + // logger.debug("in the synonyms:" + id); + // } + // }); + // } else { + // if (!(id in synonyms)) { + // if (id.indexOf('E') === -1) { + // ncit.push(id); + // } + // } else { + // logger.debug("in the synonyms:" + id); + // } + // } + // }); + if(ncitids.length > 0){ + synchronziedLoadSynonmysfromNCIT(ncitids, 0, data => { return next(data); }); }else{ @@ -352,6 +415,72 @@ const synchronziedLoadSynonmysfromNCIT = (ncitids, idx, next) => { }); }; +const synchronziedLoadSynonmysfromNCIT_4_update = (ncitids, idx, next) => { + if (idx >= ncitids.length) { + return; + } + + https.get(config.NCIt_url[4] + ncitids[idx], (rsp) => { + let html = ''; + rsp.on('data', (dt) => { + html += dt; + }); + rsp.on('end', () => { + if (html.trim() !== '') { + let d = JSON.parse(html); + if (d.synonyms !== undefined) { + let tmp = {} + tmp[ncitids[idx]] = {}; + tmp[ncitids[idx]].preferredName = d.preferredName; + tmp[ncitids[idx]].code = d.code; + tmp[ncitids[idx]].definitions = d.definitions; + tmp[ncitids[idx]].synonyms = []; + let checker_arr = []; + d.synonyms.forEach(data => { + if(checker_arr.indexOf((data.termName+"@#$"+data.termGroup+"@#$"+data.termSource).trim().toLowerCase()) !== -1) return; + let obj = {}; + obj.termName = data.termName; + obj.termGroup = data.termGroup; + obj.termSource = data.termSource; + tmp[ncitids[idx]].synonyms.push(obj); + checker_arr.push((data.termName+"@#$"+data.termGroup+"@#$"+data.termSource).trim().toLowerCase()); + }); + if (d.additionalProperties !== undefined) { + tmp[ncitids[idx]].additionalProperties = []; + d.additionalProperties.forEach(data => { + let obj = {}; + obj.name = data.name; + obj.value = data.value; + tmp[ncitids[idx]].additionalProperties.push(obj); + }); + } + let str = {}; + str[ncitids[idx]] = syns; + + fs.appendFile("./server/data_files/ncit_details_tmp.js", JSON.stringify(tmp), err => { + if (err) return logger.error(err); + }); + } else { + logger.debug("!!!!!!!!!!!! no synonyms for " + ncitids[idx]); + } + + } + syns[ncitids[idx]] = syn; + idx++; + synchronziedLoadSynonmysfromNCIT_4_update(ncitids, idx, next); + if (ncitids.length == idx) { + return next('Success'); + } else { + return next("NCIT finished number: " + idx + " of " + ncitids.length + "\n"); + } + + }); + + }).on('error', (e) => { + logger.debug(e); + }); +}; + const loadSynonymsCtcae = next => { let ncitids = []; //load cde ncit codes @@ -535,6 +664,7 @@ module.exports = { loadData, loadDataType, loadSynonyms, + updateSynonyms, loadSynonymsCtcae, loadNcitSynonyms_continue, loadCtcaeSynonyms_continue, diff --git a/server/config/index.js b/server/config/index.js index fe2dfb1b..02bf6975 100644 --- a/server/config/index.js +++ b/server/config/index.js @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ const all = { 'treatment', 'slide', 'sample', 'read_group', 'portion', 'analyte', 'aliquot', 'slide_image', 'analysis_metadata', 'clinical_supplement', 'experiment_metadata', 'pathology_detail', 'pathology_report', 'run_metadata', 'biospecimen_supplement', 'submitted_aligned_reads', 'submitted_genomic_profile', 'submitted_methylation_beta_value', 'submitted_tangent_copy_number', - 'submitted_unaligned_reads', 'data_release', 'root' + 'submitted_unaligned_reads', 'data_release', 'root', 'masked_somatic_mutation', 'masked_methylation_array', 'rna_expression_workflow' ], // GDC drugs properties diff --git a/server/data/_terms.yaml b/server/data/_terms.yaml index a6ca3e2f..006efa18 100644 --- a/server/data/_terms.yaml +++ b/server/data/_terms.yaml @@ -30,19 +30,18 @@ aa_change: absolute_neutrophil: common: description: >- - The value, in 1000/uL, for the medical procedure that involves testing a sample - of blood for the absolute neutrophil count, the real number of white blood cells - (WBCs) that are neutrophils and is derived by multiplying the WBC count times - the percent of neutrophils in the differential WBC count; the percent of neutrophils - consists of the segmented (fully mature neutrophils) + the bands (almost - mature neutrophils). + The real number of white blood cells (WBC) that are neutrophils. It is derived + by multiplying the WBC count by the percent of neutrophils in the differential + WBC count. The normal range for ANC is 1.5 to 8.0 (1,500 to 8,000/mm3). termDef: term: >- - Laboratory Procedure Absolute Neutrophil Count Result Unspecified Value - source: caDSR - cde_id: 2597287 - cde_version: 1.0 - term_url: "https://cdebrowser.nci.nih.gov/cdebrowserClient/cdeBrowser.html#/search?publicId=2597287&version=1.0" + Absolute Neutrophil Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C63321" + term_id: C63321 + term_version: 20.10d adapter_name: common: @@ -248,14 +247,16 @@ ajcc_staging_system_edition: albumin: common: description: >- - The value of a lab test used to determine the albumin level in the blood. + A quantitative measurement of albumin present in a sample. termDef: term: >- - Laboratory Procedure Albumin Result Specified Value - source: caDSR - cde_id: 58274 - cde_version: 4.0 - term_url: "https://cdebrowser.nci.nih.gov/cdebrowserClient/cdeBrowser.html#/search?publicId=58274&version=4.0" + Albumin Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C64431" + term_id: C64431 + term_version: 20.10d alcohol_days_per_week: common: @@ -325,7 +326,7 @@ aliquot_quantity: aliquot_volume: common: description: >- - The volume in microliters (ml) of the aliquot(s) derived from the analyte(s) + The volume in microliters (ul) of the aliquot(s) derived from the analyte(s) shipped for sequencing and characterization. termDef: term: >- @@ -596,17 +597,16 @@ best_overall_response: beta_2_microglobulin: common: description: >- - A numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed for the beta-2-microglobulin - protein (119 aa, ~14 kDa) is encoded by the human B2M gene in the clear portion - of the blood that remains after the removal of the blood cells and the clotting - proteins. + The determination of the amount of beta-2 microglobulin present in a sample. termDef: term: >- - Serum Beta-2-Microglobulin Protein Laboratory Procedure Performance Value - source: caDSR - cde_id: 2958039 - cde_version: 1.0 - term_url: "https://cdebrowser.nci.nih.gov/cdebrowserClient/cdeBrowser.html#/search?publicId=2958039&version=1.0" + Beta-2 Microglobulin Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C81980" + term_id: C81980 + term_version: 20.10d biomarker_name: common: @@ -775,15 +775,16 @@ burkitt_lymphoma_clinical_variant: calcium: common: description: >- - The laboratory value related to the quantity of calcium present in peripheral - blood serum measured by laboratory test. + A quantitative measurement of the amount of calcium present in a sample. termDef: term: >- - Laboratory Procedure Calcium Electrolytes Outcome Unspecified Value - source: caDSR - cde_id: 2630716 - cde_version: 1.0 - term_url: "https://cdebrowser.nci.nih.gov/cdebrowserClient/cdeBrowser.html#/search?publicId=2630716&version=1.0" + Calcium Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C64488" + term_id: C64488 + term_version: 20.10d catalog_reference: common: @@ -1154,17 +1155,16 @@ copy_number: creatinine: common: description: >- - The value, in mg/dL, for the medical procedure that involves testing a sample - of blood for creatinine, the breakdown product of creatine, a constituent of - muscle tissue, that is excreted by the kidney and whose serum level is used - to evaluate kidney function. + A quantitative measurement of the amount of creatinine present in a sample. termDef: term: >- - Laboratory Procedure Creatinine Result Specified Value - source: caDSR - cde_id: 58318 - cde_version: 3.1 - term_url: "https://cdebrowser.nci.nih.gov/cdebrowserClient/cdeBrowser.html#/search?publicId=58318&version=3.1" + Creatinine Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C64547" + term_id: C64547 + term_version: 20.10d creation_datetime: common: @@ -2098,14 +2098,16 @@ gleason_grade_group: glucose: common: description: >- - The numeric value for the amount of glucose found in blood serum. + The determination of the amount of glucose present in a sample. termDef: term: >- - Laboratory Procedure Glucose Electrolytes Outcome Unspecified Value - source: caDSR - cde_id: 2004319 - cde_version: 4.0 - term_url: "https://cdebrowser.nci.nih.gov/cdebrowserClient/cdeBrowser.html#/search?publicId=2004319&version=4.0" + Glucose Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C105585" + term_id: C105585 + term_version: 20.10d goblet_cells_columnar_mucosa_present: common: @@ -2159,17 +2161,16 @@ height: hemoglobin: common: description: >- - The value (g/dL) for a medical procedure that involves testing a sample of blood - for hemoglobin, red respiratory protein of erythrocytes, to help determine a - diagnosis, plan treatment, check to see if treatment is working, or monitor - the disease over time. + A quantitative measurement of the amount of hemoglobin present in a biospecimen. termDef: term: >- - Laboratory Procedure Hemoglobin Result Specified Value - source: caDSR - cde_id: 2190 - cde_version: 3.0 - term_url: "https://cdebrowser.nci.nih.gov/cdebrowserClient/cdeBrowser.html#/search?publicId=2190&version=3.0" + Hemoglobin Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C64848" + term_id: C64848 + term_version: 20.10d hepatitis_sustained_virological_response: common: @@ -2921,17 +2922,16 @@ lymphatic_invasion_present: m_protein: common: description: >- - The amount, in mg/dl, of monoclonal protein, a protein complex comprised of - two heavy chains and two light chains, resulting from the medical procedure - that involves testing a sample of blood, urine, or other substance from the - body. + The determination of the amount of monoclonal protein present in a sample. termDef: term: >- - Laboratory Procedure M Protein Outcome Value - source: caDSR - cde_id: 64561 - cde_version: 3.0 - term_url: "https://cdebrowser.nci.nih.gov/cdebrowserClient/cdeBrowser.html#/search?publicId=64561&version=3.0" + Monoclonal Protein Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C92291" + term_id: C92291 + term_version: 20.10d masaoka_stage: common: @@ -4299,6 +4299,17 @@ rna_change: cde_version: 1.0 term_url: "https://cdebrowser.nci.nih.gov/cdebrowserClient/cdeBrowser.html#/search?publicId=6142509&version=1.0" +sample_ordinal: + common: + description: >- + A number describing the samples place in an ordered sequence. + termDef: + term: + source: + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: + sample_type: common: description: >- @@ -4858,17 +4869,17 @@ tobacco_smoking_status: total_protein: common: description: >- - The numeric value, in g/dL, for the results of the medical procedure that involves - testing a sample of blood for total serum proteins, dissolved proteins of blood - plasma, consisting mainly of albumins and globulins and include antibodies and - blood- clotting proteins. + A quantitative measurement of the total amount of protein present in a sample + of serum. termDef: term: >- - Laboratory Procedure Total Serum Protein Outcome Unspecified Value - source: caDSR - cde_id: 2181536 - cde_version: 1.0 - term_url: "https://cdebrowser.nci.nih.gov/cdebrowserClient/cdeBrowser.html#/search?publicId=2181536&version=1.0" + Serum Total Protein Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C61033" + term_id: C61033 + term_version: 20.10d total_reads: common: @@ -12998,6 +13009,24 @@ ewing_sarcoma: term_id: C4817 term_version: 20.05a +ewing_tumor: + common: + description: >- + A small round cell tumor that lacks morphologic, immunohistochemical, and electron + microscopic evidence of neuroectodermal differentiation. It represents one of + the two ends of the spectrum called Ewing sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal + tumor. It affects mostly males under age 20, and it can occur in soft tissue + or bone. Pain and the presence of a mass are the most common clinical symptoms. + termDef: + term: >- + Ewing Sarcoma + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C4817" + term_id: C4817 + term_version: 20.05a + gallbladder_cancer: common: description: >- @@ -30652,7 +30681,7 @@ absent: term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C48190" term_id: C48190 term_version: 20.05a - diagnosis: + pathology_detail: transglottic_extension: description: >- A finding of normality following an examination or investigation looking for @@ -38204,8 +38233,6 @@ chipseq_target: cde_id: cde_version: term_url: - term_id: - term_version: chloroma: common: @@ -45291,7 +45318,7 @@ florid_osseous_dysplasia: focal: common: description: >- - Open to question. + Limited to a specific area. termDef: term: >- Focal @@ -48632,6 +48659,21 @@ high_grade: term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C14158" term_id: C14158 term_version: 20.05a + pathology_detail: + dysplasia_degree: + description: >- + A subjective characterization of the phenomenon of dysplasia, based on microscopic + examination of the architectural and/or cytological changes in a tissue sample, + that is determined to be high. + termDef: + term: >- + High Grade Dysplasia + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C156083" + term_id: C156083 + term_version: 20.10d high_grade_g2: common: @@ -53043,6 +53085,21 @@ low_grade: term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C14161" term_id: C14161 term_version: 20.05a + pathology_detail: + dysplasia_degree: + description: >- + A subjective characterization of the phenomenon of dysplasia, based on microscopic + examination of the architectural and/or cytological changes in a tissue sample, + that is determined to be low. + termDef: + term: >- + Low Grade Dysplasia + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C156084" + term_id: C156084 + term_version: 20.10d low_grade_g1: common: @@ -54080,7 +54137,7 @@ macrofollicular_adenoma: macroscopic_2cm_or_less: common: description: >- - Lesion with Diameter of 2cm or Less + Lesion with Diameter of 2 cm or Less termDef: term: >- Lesion with Diameter of 2cm or Less @@ -54094,14 +54151,14 @@ macroscopic_2cm_or_less: macroscopic_greater_than_2cm: common: description: >- - Lesion with Diameter Greater than 2cm + Lesion with Diameter Greater than 2 cm termDef: term: >- Lesion with Diameter Greater than 2cm source: NCIt cde_id: cde_version: - term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C51138 " + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C51138" term_id: C51138 term_version: 20.05a @@ -66098,7 +66155,32 @@ prepuce: term_version: 20.05a present: - diagnosis: + common: + description: >- + Being or existing in a specified place or at the specified time. + termDef: + term: >- + Present + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C25626" + term_id: C25626 + term_version: 20.05a + pathology_detail: + non_nodal_regional_disease: + description: >- + A finding of abnormality following an examination or observation confirming + something, such as the presence of a disease, condition, or microorganism. + termDef: + term: >- + Positive Finding + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38758" + term_id: C38758 + term_version: 20.10d anaplasia_present_type: description: >- A morphologic finding indicating the presence of a malignant cellular infiltrate @@ -66126,18 +66208,6 @@ present: term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C160996" term_id: C160996 term_version: 20.05a - common: - description: >- - Being or existing in a specified place or at the specified time. - termDef: - term: >- - Present - source: NCIt - cde_id: - cde_version: - term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C25626" - term_id: C25626 - term_version: 20.05a primary: common: @@ -77849,3 +77919,29663 @@ yolk_sac_tumor: term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C3011" term_id: C3011 term_version: 20.05a + +additional_pathology_findings: + common: + description: >- + A section header that includes additional pathologic findings. + termDef: + term: >- + Additional Pathologic Findings + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: + term_id: C158809 + term_version: 20.10d + +necrosis_percent: + common: + description: >- + A quantitative measurement of the percent of cells undergoing necrosis compared + to the number of total cells present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Percent of Necrosis + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: + term_id: C159481 + term_version: 20.10d + +"13": + common: + description: >- + An indication that cancer cells have been detected in one, two or three lymph + nodes. + termDef: + term: >- + One to Three Positive Lymph Nodes + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172224" + term_id: C172224 + term_version: 20.10d + +sept5: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cell division. + termDef: + term: >- + SEPTIN5 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97727" + term_id: C97727 + term_version: 20.10d + +sept6: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both cytokinesis and the organization of the actin + cytoskeleton. + termDef: + term: >- + SEPTIN6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97782" + term_id: C97782 + term_version: 20.10d + +sept9: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in actin filament dynamics. + termDef: + term: >- + SEPTIN9 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97897" + term_id: C97897 + term_version: 20.10d + +3_prime_utr_variant: + common: + description: >- + Any mutation in a gene occurring in the 3' end which contains sequences which + may regulate the transcription or translation of the message. 3' UTR mutations + are found only outside of open reading frames. + termDef: + term: >- + 3' Untranslated Region Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C63433" + term_id: C63433 + term_version: 20.10d + +3da_phosphoramidate_nuc7738: + common: + description: >- + A phosphoramidate derivative of the monophosphate form of cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine; + 3'-dA), an adenosine derivative first isolated from Cordyceps sinensis, with + potential antineoplastic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon + administration and cellular uptake of NUC-7738 by passive diffusion, cordycepin + monophosphate (3'-dAMP) is converted into its active anti-cancer metabolite + 3'-deoxyadenosine triphosphate (3'-dATP). 3'-dATP functions as a ribonucleoside + analogue and competes with ATP during transcription. Therefore, this agent causes + RNA synthesis inhibition, inhibits cellular proliferation, and induces apoptosis. + Also, 3'-dAMP activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and reduces mammalian + target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. This prevents the hyperphosphorylation + of the translation repressor protein 4E-BP1. This results in the induction of + tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine + kinase belonging to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-related kinase + (PIKK) family, plays an important role in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway + that regulates cell growth and proliferation, and its expression or activity + is frequently dysregulated in human cancers. Compared to cordycepin alone, the + addition of the phosphoramidate moiety may overcome cancer resistance and allow + for greater cytotoxicity as NUC-7738 does not require a nucleoside transporter + for cellular uptake, is independent of enzymatic activation by adenosine kinase + (AK) and is not susceptible to enzymatic degradation by adenosine deaminase + (ADA). Altogether, this may help overcome cancer resistance to cordycepin. + termDef: + term: >- + 3'-dA Phosphoramidate NUC-7738 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171381" + term_id: C171381 + term_version: 20.10d + +4_or_more: + common: + description: >- + An indication that cancer cells have been detected in four or more lymph nodes. + termDef: + term: >- + Four or More Positive Lymph Nodes + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172226" + term_id: C172226 + term_version: 20.10d + +5_prime_utr_variant: + common: + description: >- + Any mutation in a gene occurring in the 5' end which contains sequences which + may regulate the transcription or translation of the message. 5' UTR mutations + are found only outside of open-reading frames. + termDef: + term: >- + 5' Untranslated Region Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C63432" + term_id: C63432 + term_version: 20.10d + +5hydroxyindoleacetic_acid: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C112217" + term_id: C112217 + term_version: 20.10d + +a1cf: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the deamination of APOB mRNA. + termDef: + term: >- + A1CF Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143031" + term_id: C143031 + term_version: 20.10d + +a2a_receptor_antagonist_eos100850: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable immune checkpoint inhibitor and antagonist of the adenosine + A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist EOS100850 selectively binds + to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents tumor-released + adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors, thereby blocking the adenosine/A2AR-mediated + inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation + of T-lymphocytes, and stimulates a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor + cells. A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces + of T-cells and, upon activation by adenosine, inhibits their proliferation and + activation. Adenosine is often overproduced by cancer cells and plays a key + role in immunosuppression. + termDef: + term: >- + A2A Receptor Antagonist EOS100850 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172109" + term_id: C172109 + term_version: 20.10d + +abi1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and negative regulation of cell + proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + ABI1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24824" + term_id: C24824 + term_version: 20.10d + +abl1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell adhesion, differentiation, division and stress + response. + termDef: + term: >- + ABL1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17346" + term_id: C17346 + term_version: 20.10d + +abl2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + ABL2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18451" + term_id: C18451 + term_version: 20.10d + +abnormal_nos: + common: + description: >- + A laboratory test result that falls outside of the normal, acceptable range. + termDef: + term: >- + Abnormal Laboratory Test Result + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26683" + term_id: C26683 + term_version: 20.10d + +ackr3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of chemokine signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + ACKR3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C91369" + term_id: C91369 + term_version: 20.10d + +acsl3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in lipid biosynthesis. + termDef: + term: >- + ACSL3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97365" + term_id: C97365 + term_version: 20.10d + +acsl6: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the biosynthesis of lipids. + termDef: + term: >- + ACSL6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97519" + term_id: C97519 + term_version: 20.10d + +acvr1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the transforming growth factor-beta signal transduction + pathway through serine/threonine specificity. + termDef: + term: >- + ACVR1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21267" + term_id: C21267 + term_version: 20.10d + +acvr2a: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the transforming growth factor-beta signal transduction + pathway through constitutive kinase activity. + termDef: + term: >- + ACVR2A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21271" + term_id: C21271 + term_version: 20.10d + +adenosine_a2a_receptor_antagonist_cs3005: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable immune checkpoint inhibitor and antagonist of the adenosine + A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist CS3005 selectively binds to + and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents tumor-released adenosine + from interacting with the A2A receptors, thereby blocking the adenosine/A2AR-mediated + inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation + of T-lymphocytes, and stimulates a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor + cells. A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces + of T-cells and, upon activation by adenosine, inhibits their proliferation and + activation. Adenosine is often overproduced by cancer cells and plays a key + role in immunosuppression. + termDef: + term: >- + Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist CS3005 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175468" + term_id: C175468 + term_version: 20.10d + +adenovirus_5f35human_guanylyl_cyclase_cpadre: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant adenoviral serotype 5 (Ad5) in which the Ad5-based vector fiber + is replaced by the fiber from the human B adenovirus serotype 35 (F35), encoding + for the human guanylyl cyclase C (hGCC), and fused to the synthetic Pan DR epitope + (PADRE), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon + intramuscular administration of the Ad5/F35-hGCC-PADRE, the Ad5/F35 targets + CD46, which is expressed widely on most tumor cells, and the virus is taken + up by cells. Once inside the cells, the virus expresses hGCC. The expressed + hGCC induces both humoral and cellular immune responses against tumor cells + expressing the hGCC antigen. This results in the immune-mediated killing of + tumor cells. The hGCC protein is normally restricted to intestinal epithelial + cells but is overexpressed by metastatic colorectal tumors. PADRE is a helper + T-lymphocyte epitope that is able to augment the magnitude and duration of the + cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. The inclusion of the chimeric Ad5/F35 + fiber increases viral uptake in cells through CD46. + termDef: + term: >- + Adenovirus 5/F35-Human Guanylyl Cyclase C-PADRE + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173640" + term_id: C173640 + term_version: 20.10d + +adenovirus_serotype_26expressing_hpv16_vaccine_jnj63682918: + common: + description: >- + A prime cancer vaccine comprised of a genetically engineered, replication-deficient + adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26) encoding the oncogenic human papillomavirus 16 + (HPV16), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon + intramuscular administration of Ad26-expressing HPV16 vaccine JNJ-63682918, + the adenovirus infects and expresses HPV16. The expressed proteins stimulate + the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against + tumor cells expressing HPV16 antigens, thereby inducing tumor cell lysis. HPV16 + infection plays a key role in the development of a variety of cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV16 Vaccine JNJ-63682918 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167360" + term_id: C167360 + term_version: 20.10d + +adenovirus_serotype_26expressing_hpv18_vaccine_jnj63682931: + common: + description: >- + A prime cancer vaccine comprised of a genetically engineered, replication-deficient + adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26) encoding the oncogenic human papillomavirus 18 + (HPV18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon + intramuscular administration of Ad26-expressing HPV18 vaccine JNJ-63682931, + the adenovirus infects and expresses HPV18. The expressed proteins stimulate + the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against + tumor cells expressing HPV18 antigens, thereby inducing tumor cell lysis. HPV18 + infection plays a key role in the development of a variety of cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV18 Vaccine JNJ-63682931 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167361" + term_id: C167361 + term_version: 20.10d + +aff1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and translocations in the + gene are associated with acute leukemia. + termDef: + term: >- + AFF1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24602" + term_id: C24602 + term_version: 20.10d + +aff3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional activation and is purported to play + roles in lymphoid development and oncogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + AFF3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24538" + term_id: C24538 + term_version: 20.10d + +aff4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a regulatory role in transcription and is involved in male germ + cell differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + AFF4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21385" + term_id: C21385 + term_version: 20.10d + +akap9: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and modulates synaptic transmission. + termDef: + term: >- + AKAP9 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21305" + term_id: C21305 + term_version: 20.10d + +akt1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in signal transduction and negative regulation of apoptosis. + It also plays a role in glucose transport, glycogen synthesis, protein synthesis + and neuronal survival. + termDef: + term: >- + AKT1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18350" + term_id: C18350 + term_version: 20.10d + +akt2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in glucose homeostasis and the inhibition of apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + AKT2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18352" + term_id: C18352 + term_version: 20.10d + +akt3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in signal transduction and the inhibition of apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + AKT3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20937" + term_id: C20937 + term_version: 20.10d + +aldh2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in intermediary metabolism. + termDef: + term: >- + ALDH2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C84921" + term_id: C84921 + term_version: 20.10d + +alk: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in brain development and neuronal specificity. + termDef: + term: >- + ALK Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38184" + term_id: C38184 + term_version: 20.10d + +alk_inhibitor_tae684: + common: + description: >- + A small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) anaplastic + lymphoma kinase (ALK) and nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM-ALK), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TAE684 binds to + and inhibits ALK and NPM-ALK tyrosine kinases, which leads to a disruption of + ALK- and NPM-ALK mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth + in ALK- and NPM-ALK overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor + superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK dysregulation + and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. NPM-ALK is an + oncogenic fusion protein associated with ALK-positive anaplastic large cell + lymphoma. ALK mutations are also associated with acquired resistance to small + molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors. + termDef: + term: >- + ALK Inhibitor TAE684 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171615" + term_id: C171615 + term_version: 20.10d + +alkros1met_inhibitor_tqb3101: + common: + description: >- + An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases + anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) and Met (hepatocyte + growth factor receptor; HGFR; c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon oral administration, TQ-B3101 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity + of ALK, ROS1 and c-Met, which leads to the disruption of ALK-, ROS1- and c-Met-mediated + signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK-, ROS1- and c-Met-expressing + tumor cells. ALK, ROS1 and c-Met, overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell + types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + ALK/ROS1/Met Inhibitor TQ-B3101 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173430" + term_id: C173430 + term_version: 20.10d + +alleles: + common: + description: >- + Mutually exclusive alternative forms of the same gene occupying the same locus + on homologous chromosomes, differing in nucleotide sequence and governing the + same biochemical and developmental process. + termDef: + term: >- + Allele + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C16277" + term_id: C16277 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_antibcma_cartransduced_tcells_allo715: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of allogeneic, 'off-the-shelf' (OTS), universal transcription + activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered, gene-edited T-lymphocytes + that have been transduced with a vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor + (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from a monoclonal + antibody specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation + antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), + with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Using TALEN + technology, the T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha chain (TRAC) and CD52 genes are + deleted from the CAR T-cells. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti-BCMA + CAR-transduced T-cells ALLO-715 specifically recognize and induce selective + toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing + ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor + necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). BCMA is found on the surfaces + of plasma cells, is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells and plays a key + role in plasma cell proliferation and survival. Deletion of the CD52 gene makes + the modified donor T-cells resistant to an anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody treatment, + that is used during lymphodepletion. The knockout of TRAC eliminates TCR expression + and is intended to abrogate the potential induction of graft-versus-host disease + (GvHD) by the donor T-cells. The donor-derived, gene-edited CAR T cells have + reduced production times and have increased availability when compared to autologous + CAR-T cells, which use the patient's own cells and are produced on an individual + basis. In addition, if the ALLO-715 cells cause unacceptable side effects, the + incorporated CD20-based off-switch permits selective depletion of the ALLO-715 + cells when the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab is administered. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells ALLO-715 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165779" + term_id: C165779 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_antibcmacar_tcells_pbcar269a: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf, T-lymphocytes that have been genetically + modified using a proprietary synthetic nuclease-based system to express a chimeric + antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation + antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), + with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + allogeneic anti-BCMA-CAR T-cells PBCAR269A specifically recognize and kill BCMA-expressing + tumor cells. BCMA, a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) + and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor + receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells, + is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells and plays a key role in plasma cell + proliferation and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic Anti-BCMA-CAR T-cells PBCAR269A + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171066" + term_id: C171066 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_antibcmacs1_bispecific_cart_cells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified + to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting both the tumor-associated + antigens (TAAs) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17) and human CS1 (CD2 + subset 1; SLAM family member 7; SLAMF7; CD319; CRACC), with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti-BCMA/CS1 + bispecific CAR-T cells target and bind to tumor cells expressing BCMA and/or + CS1 and induce selective cytotoxicity in those cells. BCMA, a receptor for both + a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), + is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). BCMA + is found on the surfaces of plasma cells, is overexpressed on malignant plasma + cells and plays a key role in plasma cell proliferation and survival. SLAMF7 + is a member of the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family of + transmembrane receptors that modulate the function of immune cells through immunoreceptor + tyrosine-based switch motifs (ITSMs) and intracellular adaptor proteins. SLAMF7 + is highly expressed on certain malignant plasma cells and is minimally expressed + on healthy immune cells. Targeting the two different TAAs highly expressed on + malignant plasma cells may improve coverage and protect against antigen escape + and resistance as tumor cells would need to lose both antigens. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic Anti-BCMA/CS1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173967" + term_id: C173967 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_anticd19_car_tcells_allo501a: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of allogeneic, frozen, 'off-the-shelf', universal transcription + activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered, gene-edited T-lymphocytes + expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. + Using TALEN technology, the T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha chain and CD52 genes + are deleted from the CAR19 T-cells. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD19 + CAR T-cells ALLO-501A specifically target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor + cells, thereby selectively lysing CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen + is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. + Deletion of the CD52 gene makes the modified donor T-cells resistant to the + anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab, which is used during lymphodepletion. + The knockout of the TCR alpha gene eliminates TCR expression and is intended + to abrogate the potential induction of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) by the + donor T-cells. ALLO-501A lacks the rituximab recognition domains of ALLO-501. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells ALLO-501A + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172708" + term_id: C172708 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_anticd19_universal_cart_cells_cta101: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), universal, gene-edited T-lymphocytes + expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD19 universal CAR-T cells CTA101 specifically + target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby selectively lysing CD19-expressing + tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen overexpressed + in B-cell lineage malignancies. CTA101 is genetically engineered to prevent + graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) by the donor T-cells. OTS CAR-T cells require + reduced production times when compared to autologous CAR-T cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic Anti-CD19 Universal CAR-T Cells CTA101 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173959" + term_id: C173959 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_anticd20_car_tcells_lucar20s: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of donor-derived T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified + to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) CD20 (cluster of differentiation 20), with potential immunostimulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD20 CAR + T-cells LUCAR-20S specifically recognize and kill CD20-expressing tumor cells. + The CD20 antigen, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein, is a B-cell + specific cell surface antigen expressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic Anti-CD20 CAR T-cells LUCAR-20S + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174397" + term_id: C174397 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_anticd20car_tcells_pbcar20a: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), T-lymphocytes, derived from + healthy donors, that have been genetically modified using a proprietary synthetic + endonuclease-based system to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting + the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20 (cluster of differentiation 20), with + potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + allogeneic anti-CD20-CAR T-cells PBCAR20A specifically recognize and kill CD20-expressing + tumor cells. The CD20 antigen, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein, + is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic Anti-CD20-CAR T-cells PBCAR20A + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168570" + term_id: C168570 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_cd22specific_universal_carexpressing_tlymphocytes_ucart22: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), universal transcription activator-like + effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered T-lymphocytes that have been genetically + modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) human CD22 with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon transfusion, allogeneic CD22-specific universal CAR-expressing + T-lymphocytes UCART22 express anti-CD22-CAR on their cell surfaces and bind + to the CD22 antigen on tumor cell surfaces, resulting in lysis of CD22-expressing + tumor cells. CD22, a cell surface glycoprotein, is expressed on mature B-cells + and on most malignant B-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic CD22-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCART22 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165696" + term_id: C165696 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_cd56positive_cd3negative_natural_killer_cells_cynk001: + common: + description: >- + A population of cryopreserved, off-the-shelf (OTS) allogeneic natural killer + (NK) cells derived from human placental hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and + expressing the CD56 surface antigen and exhibiting a lack of CD3, with potential + immunomodulating, antineoplastic and antiviral activities. Upon infusion of + allogeneic CD56-positive CD3-negative NK cells CYNK-001, these cells are able + to recognize tumor cells as well as virally-infected cells, secrete perforins, + granzymes and cytokines, and induce apoptosis in tumor and virally-infected + cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic CD56-positive CD3-negative Natural Killer Cells CYNK-001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173877" + term_id: C173877 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_cd8_leukemiaassociated_antigens_specific_t_cells_nexi001: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of allogeneic CD8+ T cells targeting multiple undisclosed leukemia-associated + antigens, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Following + peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) collection from the original stem cell + donor and ex vivo priming and expansion, the allogeneic CD8+ leukemia-associated + antigens specific T cells NEXI-001 are re-introduced into the leukemia patient, + where they target and kill tumor cells expressing these leukemia-associated + antigens. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic CD8+ Leukemia-associated Antigens Specific T Cells NEXI-001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170887" + term_id: C170887 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_crisprcas9_engineered_antibcma_t_cells_ctx120: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes gene-edited with the clustered + regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex + to disrupt expression of endogenous TCR and major histocompatibility complex + (MHC) class I molecules and modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor + (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation + antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), + with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction + into the patient, the allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 engineered anti-BCMA CAR T-cells + CTX120 recognize and bind to BCMA-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result + in a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of BCMA-positive + tumor cells. BCMA, a receptor for proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and + B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) + receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma cell survival. + BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant + plasma cells. The disruption of endogenous TCR prevents graft-versus-host disease + (GvHD). The disruption of MHC class I molecules increases the persistence of + the CAR T-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-BCMA T Cells CTX120 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172741" + term_id: C172741 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_crisprcas9_engineered_anticd70_cart_cells_ctx130: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes gene-edited with the clustered + regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex + to disrupt expression of endogenous TCR and major histocompatibility complex + (MHC) class I molecules and modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor + (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human cluster of differentiation + 70 (CD70), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon + introduction into the patient, the allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 engineered anti-CD70 + CAR T-cells CTX130 recognize and bind to CD70-overexpressing tumor cells. This + may result in a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of CD70-positive + tumor cells. CD70, the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27 and a member + of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is found on the surfaces of various + types of cancer cells. Disruption of endogenous TCR prevents graft-versus-host + disease (GvHD); the disruption of MHC class I molecules increases the persistence + of the CAR T-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-CD70 CAR-T Cells CTX130 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173153" + term_id: C173153 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_cs1specific_universal_carexpressing_tlymphocytes_ucartcs1a: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), universal transcription activator-like + effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered T-lymphocytes that have been genetically + modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) human CS1 (CD2 subset 1; SLAM family member 7; SLAMF7; CD319; + CRACC), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon + transfusion of allogeneic CS1-specific universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes + UCARTCS1A, these cells target and bind to cancer cells expressing CS1. This + induces selective toxicity in and causes lysis of CS1-expressing tumor cells. + SLAMF7 is a member of the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family + of transmembrane receptors that modulate the function of immune cells through + immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motifs (ITSMs) and intracellular adaptor + proteins. SLAMF7 is highly expressed on certain malignant plasma cells and is + minimally expressed on healthy immune cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic CS1-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCARTCS1A + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165661" + term_id: C165661 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_plasmacytoid_dendritic_cells_expressing_lung_tumor_antigens_pdclung01: + common: + description: >- + An off-the-shelf (OTS) preparation composed of irradiated allogeneic plasmacytoid + dendritic cells (pDCs) loaded with seven immunogenic, human leukocyte antigen + (HLA)-A*02:01 serotype-restricted peptides derived from the lung tumor antigens + cancer/testis antigen 1 (NY-ESO-1), melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3), MAGE-A4, + multi-MAGE, a peptide shared by multiple MAGE-A proteins, survivin, mucin1 (MUC1) + and melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells 1 (Mart-1; Melan-A), with potential + immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the + allogeneic pDCs expressing lung tumor antigens PDC*lung01, the pDCs may activate + the immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response + against HLA-A*0201 positive lung cancer cells expressing the TAAs NY-ESO-1, + MAGE-A3, MAGEA4, multi-MAGE, survivin, MUC1 and melan-A. The pDCs are derived + from a distinct subset of dendritic cells (DCs) with a plasma cell-like morphology + and express a characteristic set of surface markers and may increase the anti-tumor + immune responses. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Expressing Lung Tumor Antigens PDC*lung01 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173427" + term_id: C173427 + term_version: 20.10d + +allogeneic_thirdparty_suicide_genetransduced_antihladpb10401_cd4_tcells_ctl_19: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of allogeneic, third-party, CD4+ T-lymphocytes that specifically + recognizes the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DPB1*0401 and transduced with a + suicide gene, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, allogeneic + third-party suicide gene-transduced anti-HLA-DPB1*0401 CD4+ T-cells CTL 19 specifically + target and kill HLA-DPB1*0401-positive leukemic cells. The suicide gene causes + the destruction of the T-cell clone upon the administration and presence of + ganciclovir, which enhances the safety of the agent. HLA-DP is expressed by + many leukemic cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Allogeneic Third-party Suicide Gene-transduced Anti-HLA-DPB1*0401 CD4+ T-cells + CTL 19 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174401" + term_id: C174401 + term_version: 20.10d + +allosteric_erbb_inhibitor_bdtx189: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, irreversible, selective, small-molecule inhibitor of + certain oncogenic driver, allosteric mutations of the ErbB receptor tyrosine + kinases epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB1) and human epidermal growth + factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu or ErbB2), including extracellular domain allosteric + mutations of HER2, and EGFR and HER2 exon 20 insertion mutations, with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the allosteric ErbB inhibitor + BDTX-189 selectively binds to and inhibits these allosteric ErbB mutants while + sparing wild-type EGFR, which may result in the selective inhibition of cellular + proliferation and angiogenesis in tumor cells and tumors expressing these allosteric + ErbB mutations. EGFR and HER2, ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases mutated or overexpressed + in many tumor cell types, play a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor + vascularization. + termDef: + term: >- + Allosteric ErbB Inhibitor BDTX-189 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171059" + term_id: C171059 + term_version: 20.10d + +alobresib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) + family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, + alobresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains + of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins + and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. + Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an + inhibition of proliferation in BET-overexpressing tumor cells. BET proteins, + comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that + play an important role during development and cellular growth. + termDef: + term: >- + Alobresib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C126640" + term_id: C126640 + term_version: 20.10d + +alofanib: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) type 2 (FGFR2), + with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, + alofanib targets, allosterically binds to the extracellular domain of FGFR2 + and inhibits the activity of FGFR2, which may result in the inhibition of basic + FGF (bFGF)/FGFR2-related signal transduction pathways. This inhibits FGF-induced + endothelial cell proliferation and migration, and inhibits the proliferation + of FGFR2-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated + in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation, migration + and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Alofanib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170744" + term_id: C170744 + term_version: 20.10d + +alpha_fetoprotein: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of alpha-fetoprotein present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Alpha-fetoprotein Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C74732" + term_id: C74732 + term_version: 20.10d + +alpha_v_beta_8_antagonist_pf06940434: + common: + description: >- + An antagonist of integrin alpha v beta 8, with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon administration, PF-06940434 selectively binds to and blocks the receptor + for integrin alpha v beta 8, thereby preventing integrin alpha v beta 8 binding. + This may result in the inhibition of cell adhesion in the tumor microenvironment + (TME) and blocks the activation of the cytokine transforming growth factor-beta + 1 (TGF-b1), preventing TGF-b1-mediated signal transduction. This abrogates TGF-b1-mediated + immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the TME and promotes a cytotoxic + T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor + cell death. This may lead to a reduction in TGF-b1-dependent proliferation of + cancer cells. Alpha v beta 8 integrin plays a key role in tumor initiation, + growth, and progression through TGF-b1 activation. It is expressed in a variety + of tumor cell types and is associated with poor prognosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Alpha V Beta 8 Antagonist PF-06940434 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172097" + term_id: C172097 + term_version: 20.10d + +alsevalimab: + common: + description: >- + A fully human, glycoengineered monoclonal antibody targeting B7-H4 (V-set domain-containing + T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1) with potential antineoplastic + and immune checkpoint inhibitory activities. Upon intravenous administration, + alsevalimab binds to B7-H4 on the surface of tumor cells, thereby preventing + B7-H4 binding to T-cells and abrogating the B7-H4-mediated negative regulation + of T-cell activation. This increases a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + immune response against B7-H4-expressing tumor cells. In addition, the afucosylated + Fc region of the anti-B7-H4 monoclonal antibody FPA150 enhances its binding + affinity for human FcgammaRIIIa receptors (CD16) on natural killer (NK) cells, + resulting in enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against + B7-H4-expressing tumor cells. B7-H4, a member of the B7 family of immune modulators, + is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and negatively regulates T-cell + immune responses. + termDef: + term: >- + Alsevalimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C155967" + term_id: C155967 + term_version: 20.10d + +amer1: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in kidney development. + termDef: + term: >- + AMER1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C68718" + term_id: C68718 + term_version: 20.10d + +amivantamab: + common: + description: >- + A human bispecific antibody targeting both epidermal growth factor receptor + EGFR and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; cMet), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, amivantamab simultaneously targets and binds + to wild-type or certain mutant forms of both EGFR and cMet expressed on cancer + cells, thereby preventing receptor phosphorylation. This prevents the activation + of both EGFR- and cMet-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, binding results + in receptor degradation, which further inhibits EGFR- and cMet-mediated signaling. + JNJ-61186372 also causes antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Altogether, + this results in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. EGFR and cMet, both + upregulated or mutated in a variety of tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor + cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + Amivantamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C124993" + term_id: C124993 + term_version: 20.10d + +amplification: + common: + description: >- + An increase in the copy number of a particular gene. This type of abnormality + can be either inherited or somatic. + termDef: + term: >- + Gene Amplification Abnormality + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C45581" + term_id: C45581 + term_version: 20.10d + +andecaliximab: + common: + description: >- + A humanized monoclonal antibody against matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, andecaliximab binds + to MMP-9 and inhibits its enzymatic activity. This results in an inhibition + of extracellular matrix protein degradation and, potentially, the inhibition + of angiogenesis, tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. MMP-9, a protein belonging + to the MMP family, plays a key role in the degradation of collagens and proteoglycans; + increased activity of MMP-9 has been associated with increased invasion and + metastasis of cancer. + termDef: + term: >- + Andecaliximab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C105803" + term_id: C105803 + term_version: 20.10d + +androgen_receptor_degrader_cc94676: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) degrader, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, AR degrader CC-94676 causes degradation of AR, + prevents AR-mediated signaling and inhibits the proliferation of AR-overexpressing + tumor cells. AR plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation in castration-resistant + prostate cancer (CRPC). + termDef: + term: >- + Androgen Receptor Degrader CC-94676 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173364" + term_id: C173364 + term_version: 20.10d + +androgen_receptor_inhibitor_epi7386: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, second-generation inhibitor of the N-terminal domain + (NTD) of androgen receptor (AR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + oral administration, AR inhibitor EPI-7386 specifically binds to the NTD of + AR, thereby inhibiting both AR activation and the AR-mediated signaling pathway. + This may inhibit cell growth in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed + in prostate cancers and is involved in the proliferation, survival and chemoresistance + of tumor cells. EPI-7386 may be more active and metabolically stable than first-generation + AR NTD inhibitors. + termDef: + term: >- + Androgen Receptor Inhibitor EPI-7386 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173374" + term_id: C173374 + term_version: 20.10d + +androgen_receptorglucocorticoid_receptor__antagonist_cb0310: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable steroidal cortexolone derivative and antagonist of the + androgen receptor (AR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon oral administration, AR/GR antagonist CB-03-10 specifically binds + to AR and GR, inhibits AR and GR activation, and prevents AR- and GR-mediated + signaling. This leads to an induction of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic + pathways and inhibits cell growth in AR- and GR-overexpressing tumor cells. + AR and GR are overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells and are involved + in proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Androgen Receptor/Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist CB-03-10 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172104" + term_id: C172104 + term_version: 20.10d + +aneuploid: + common: + description: >- + A chromosomal abnormality in which there is an addition or loss of chromosomes + within a set (e.g., 23 + 22 or 23 + 24). + termDef: + term: >- + Aneuploidy + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C2873" + term_id: C2873 + term_version: 20.10d + +anhydrous_enoloxaloacetate: + common: + description: >- + The anhydrous form of enol-oxaloacetate, a small molecule blood glutamate scavenger, + that can be used to lower glutamate plasma levels, and has potential neuroprotective + activity. Upon administration, enol-oxaloacetate targets and binds to glutamate + in the bloodstream. This lowers glutamate plasma levels and lowers the free + glutamate available to be picked up by cells, such as tumor brain cells, thereby + preventing glutamate metabolism and glutamate-mediated signaling. This prevents + the proliferation of rapidly growing cells, such as brain tumor cells. And by + lowering glutamate plasma levels, a molecular imbalance is formed and glutamate + is excreted across the blood-brain barrier, resulting in lower free brain glutamate. This + may help protect the brain from excitotoxicity in conditions where there is + a surge of glutamate production, such as traumatic brain injury, thereby protecting + neuronal cells. Glutamate, a non-essential amino acid and the major excitatory + neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), provides energy and generates + building blocks for the production of macromolecules, which are needed for cellular + growth and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Anhydrous Enol-oxaloacetate + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168687" + term_id: C168687 + term_version: 20.10d + +ank1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in red blood cell morphology. + termDef: + term: >- + ANK1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C84301" + term_id: C84301 + term_version: 20.10d + +anti5t4_antibodydrug_conjugate_asn004: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody directed against 5T4 + and conjugated, via a non-cleavable linker, to a proprietary polymer carrying + multiple auristatin analog molecules via a cleavable linker, with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of ASN004 + selectively binds to cells expressing the 5T4 oncofetal antigen. After internalization + and cleavage within the tumor cell cytosol, free auristatin analog molecules + binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase + arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. 5T4, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed + by a variety of cancer cell types; its expression is correlated with increased + invasiveness. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-5T4 Antibody-drug Conjugate ASN004 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173556" + term_id: C173556 + term_version: 20.10d + +anti5t4_antibodydrug_conjugate_syd1875: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) + monoclonal antibody directed against the oncofetal antigen 5T4 and site-specifically + conjugated to a duocarmycin-based linker-drug valine-citrulline-seco-DUocarmycin-hydroxyBenzamide-Azaindole + (vc-seco-DUBA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, + the antibody moiety of SYD1875 selectively binds to cells expressing the 5T4 + oncofetal antigen. After internalization and cleavage within the tumor cell + by proteases, the free and activated duocarmycin payload binds to the minor + groove of DNA and alkylates adenine at the N3 position, which eventually leads + to tumor cell apoptosis. 5T4, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed + by a variety of cancer cell types; its expression is correlated with increased + invasiveness. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-5T4 Antibody-drug Conjugate SYD1875 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175444" + term_id: C175444 + term_version: 20.10d + +antib7h3dxd_antibodydrug_conjugate_ds7300a: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody + against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) conjugated, + via an enzymatically cleavable tetrapeptide-based linker, to the cytotoxic DNA + topoisomerase I inhibitor and exatecan (DX-8951) derivative DXd (MAAA-1181a; + MAAA-1181), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the + anti-B7-H3/DXd ADC DS-7300a, the anti-B7-H3 antibody targets and binds to B7-H3-expressing + tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake and lysosomal degradation of the linker, DXd + targets and binds to DNA topoisomerase I, thereby stabilizing the cleavable + complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks, inhibition + of DNA replication and apoptosis. This inhibits the proliferation of B7-H3-expressing + tumor cells. B7-H3, a type I transmembrane protein and a member of the B7 co-stimulatory + protein superfamily, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types and on various + immune cells. It plays a key role in tumor growth and immune responses. The + ADC allows for reduced systemic exposure and enhanced delivery of the cytotoxic + agent DXd. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-B7-H3/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-7300a + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171577" + term_id: C171577 + term_version: 20.10d + +antibcma_antibodydrug_conjugate_cc99712: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody against + the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA, TNFRSF17), + linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration of anti-BCMA ADC CC-99712, the antibody moiety + targets and binds to the cell surface antigen BCMA expressed on certain cancer + cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and + kills the BCMA-expressing cancer cells through an as of yet unknown mechanism + of action. BCMA, a receptor for a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL; tumor + necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13; TNFSF13), and B-cell activating + factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily + and plays a key role in plasma survival. It is found on the surfaces of plasma + cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate CC-99712 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170915" + term_id: C170915 + term_version: 20.10d + +antibcma_sparx_protein_plus_bcmadirected_antitaag_arc_tcells_cartddbcma: + common: + description: >- + An immunotherapeutic combination agent composed of antigen receptor complex + T cells (ARC-T cells) which contain a proprietary binding domain specific for + a universal TAG instead of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) binding domain, + and a tumor-targeting antigen protein, soluble protein antigen-receptor X-linker + (sparX) protein, containing a TAG moiety fused to two B-cell maturation antigen + (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) binding + domains, with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the + anti-BCMA sparX protein plus BCMA-directed ARC T-cells CART-ddBCMA, the sparX + protein, with its two BCMA binding domains, specifically targets and binds to + two BCMA expressed on tumor cells. In turn, the ARC-T cells, with their anti-TAG + domain, target and bind to the TAG domain on the sparX protein. This directly + links the ARC-T cells to the BCMA-expressing tumor cells, through the ARC-T + cell- sparX -tumor cell complex formation, thereby causing direct tumor cell + killing. BCMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is found on the surfaces of + plasma cells and is overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types. Compared + to anti-BCMA CAR-T cells, CART-ddBCMA, containing ARC-T cells that are re-programmed + in vivo by the TAG sparX protein, shows enhanced efficiency and an improved + safety profile. As ARC-T activity is dependent on the sparX dose administered, + the rate of tumor cell killing, and related toxicities are also dependent on + the sparX dose administered. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-BCMA SparX Protein Plus BCMA-directed Anti-TAAG ARC T-cells CART-ddBCMA + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167337" + term_id: C167337 + term_version: 20.10d + +antibcmaanticd3_bispecific_antibody_regn5459: + common: + description: >- + A human bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) + human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily + member 17; TNFRSF17) and another directed against the T-cell surface antigen + CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + anti-BCMA/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody REGN5459 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic + T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates + and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, leading to CTL-mediated killing + of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor + receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma + cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-BCMA/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN5459 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165656" + term_id: C165656 + term_version: 20.10d + +antibtla_monoclonal_antibody_tab004: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G4 kappa (IgG4k) monoclonal antibody + directed against B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous infusion administration, anti-BTLA + monoclonal antibody TAB004 targets and binds to BTLA. This prevents BTLA-mediated + inhibition of T-cell activation leading to antigen specific T-cell proliferation + and activation of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against + tumor cells. BTLA, an immunoglobulin (Ig) receptor family member expressed on + activated T- and B- lymphocytes, subsets of dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, + and nature killer (NK) cells, is an immune checkpoint involved in suppressing + immune responses. It mediates inhibition of human tumor-specific CTLs upon engagement + by tumor expressed herpesvirus-entry mediator (HVEM). + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-BTLA Monoclonal Antibody TAB004 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168617" + term_id: C168617 + term_version: 20.10d + +antibtn3a_agonistic_monoclonal_antibody_ict01: + common: + description: >- + A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against butyrophilin subfamily + 3 member A (BTN3A; CD277), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, the anti-BTN3A agonistic monoclonal antibody + ICT01 targets and binds to BTN3A present on epithelial and tumor cells. BTN3A + binding may sensitize tumor cells to gamma 9 delta 2 (Vg9Vd2) T cell killing. + The Vg9Vd2 T cells secrete effector cytokines and exert a cytolytic effect on + tumor cells. This may abrogate BTN3A-mediated tumor immunity and may enhance + anti-tumor immune response. BTN3A, a member of the butyrophilin superfamily + of immunomodulators, is upregulated in tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-BTN3A Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ICT01 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175508" + term_id: C175508 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticmet_monoclonal_antibody_hlx55: + common: + description: >- + A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody directed against the + human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-Met), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, anti-c-Met monoclonal antibody HLX55 specifically + binds to the semaphorin (Sema)/Plexins-Semaphorins-Integrins (PSI) domain of + c-Met, which prevents the binding of c-Met to its ligand HGF and the subsequent + activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. In addition, HLX55 promotes c-Met + degradation, which further inhibits c-Met-mediated signaling. This may result + in cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase + overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer + cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody HLX55 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174391" + term_id: C174391 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticcr7_antibodydrug_conjugate_jbh492: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody targeting CC chemokine + receptor 7 (CCR7) and conjugated to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4, with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CCR7 ADC JBH492, the antibody + moiety targets and binds to CCR7 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding + and internalization, the ADC releases DM4, which binds to tubulin and disrupts + microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. This results in the inhibition of + cell division and cell growth of CCR7-expressing tumor cells. CCR7, a G-protein + coupled receptor, is normally expressed by subsets of immune cells and overexpressed + by various types of cancer cells. Its overexpression has been associated with + lymph node metastasis and poor survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CCR7 Antibody-drug Conjugate JBH492 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175477" + term_id: C175477 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd117_monoclonal_antibody_jsp191: + common: + description: >- + A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against CD117 (tyrosine-protein kinase + KIT; c-Kit; mast/stem cell growth factor receptor; SCFR), that can potentially + be used to deplete hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Upon administration, the + anti-CD117 monoclonal antibody JSP191 targets and binds to CD117. This prevents + the binding of stem cell factor (SCF) to its receptor CD117 on HSCs. As CD117 + binding to SCF is critical for survival and maintenance of blood forming stem + cells, blocking this interaction causes the HSCs that are present in the bone + marrow niches to be depleted. JSP191 can potentially be used as a conditioning + regimen to prepare patients for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD117 Monoclonal Antibody JSP191 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174050" + term_id: C174050 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd137_agonistic_monoclonal_antibody_agen2373: + common: + description: >- + A conditionally-active, fully human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) agonistic monoclonal + antibody targeting the costimulatory receptor CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor + receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and + antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal + antibody AGEN2373 targets and binds to a non-ligand blocking epitope on CD137, + thereby activating CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including + activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances CD137-mediated + signaling, induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) proliferation, cytokine production + and promotes a CTL-mediated anti-tumor immune response as well as induces NK-mediated + tumor cell killing and suppresses the immunosuppressive activity of T-regulatory + cells (Tregs). CD137, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor + superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in + T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity. In addition, as AGEN2373 + engages with CD137 only in the presence of CD137 ligand and/or Fc gamma receptor-expressing + antigen-presenting cells (APCs), this agent may have a decreased toxicity profile + and improved tolerability compared to other agents that activate CD137 signaling + beyond the tumor site in humans. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody AGEN2373 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168522" + term_id: C168522 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd137_agonistic_monoclonal_antibody_ator1017: + common: + description: >- + A humanized agonistic immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting + the costimulatory receptor CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily + member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody ATOR-1017 targets + and binds to CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated + T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, and CD137 is activated upon crosslinking + to Fc-gamma receptors (FcgRs) on macrophages. This enhances CD137-mediated signaling, + induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) proliferation, cytokine production and + promotes a CTL-mediated anti-tumor immune response as well as induces NK-mediated + tumor cell killing and suppresses the immunosuppressive activity of T-regulatory + cells (Tregs). CD137, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor + superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in + T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity. 4-1BB and FcgRs are both + highly expressed in the tumor environment (TME) while their co-expression in + non-tumor tissues is low. This may prevent systemic adverse effects. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ATOR-1017 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173548" + term_id: C173548 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd137_agonistic_monoclonal_antibody_lvgn6051: + common: + description: >- + A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the costimulatory receptor + CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), + with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody LVGN6051 targets and binds to CD137, + thereby activating CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including + activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances CD137-mediated + signaling, induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) proliferation, cytokine production + and promotes a CTL-mediated anti-tumor immune response as well as induces NK-mediated + tumor cell killing and suppresses the immunosuppressive activity of T-regulatory + cells (Tregs). CD137, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor + superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in + T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody LVGN6051 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171541" + term_id: C171541 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd19_antibodytcell_receptorexpressing_tcells_et019003: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been engineered by incorporating an + as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory molecule into T-cells expressing an anti-CD19 + antibody T-cell receptor (AbTCR) structure (ET190L1), with potential immunostimulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19 AbTCR-expressing + T-cells ET019003 targets and binds to CD19-expressing tumor cells. This results + in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of CD19-positive tumor + cells. The binding to CD19-expressing tumor cells may also activate the undisclosed + costimulatory domain, leading to further T-cell proliferation. CD19 antigen + is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. + ET019003 is able to match the anticancer activity of chimeric antigen receptor + (CAR) T-cells, while they are less likely to stimulate cytokine release syndrome + (CRS) and less likely to cause cytokine-related toxicities. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD19 Antibody-T-cell Receptor-expressing T-cells ET019003 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172202" + term_id: C172202 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd19_icar_nk_cells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of natural killer (NK) cells engineered to express an inhibitory + chimeric antigen receptor (iCAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) + cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19 iCAR-NK cells recognize, bind to + and induce selective cytotoxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. The iCAR is + designed to spare normal cells from NK cell actions by including an inhibitory + receptor that is activated upon binding to antigens that are present on normal + cells only. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed + in all B-cell lineage malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD19 iCAR NK Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170903" + term_id: C170903 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd19cd22_car_nk_cells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of natural killer (NK) cells engineered to express a chimeric + antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster + of differentiation 19 (CD19) and CD22, with potential immunostimulating and + antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD19/CD22 CAR-NK cells + target and bind to CD19 and CD22 expressed on the surface of tumor cells. This + induces selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing these TAAs. CD19 and CD22, + both transmembrane phosphoglycoproteins expressed on the surface of cells in + the B lineage, are often overexpressed on malignant B-cells. By simultaneously + targeting two B-cell antigens, this preparation may minimize relapse due to + single antigen loss in patients with B-cell malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR NK Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170904" + term_id: C170904 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd20_monoclonal_antibody_bat4306f: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant, glycosylation-modified monoclonal antibody directed against the + human B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, with potential antineoplastic + and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of anti-CD20 monoclonal + antibody BAT4306F, the antibody specifically targets and binds to CD20. This + induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing + B-cells, which leads to B-cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. + CD20, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed + on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development, is often overexpressed + in B-cell malignancies. The complete defucosylation of BAT4306F may result in + enhanced ADCC. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody BAT4306F + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173955" + term_id: C173955 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd20_monoclonal_antibody_mil62: + common: + description: >- + A glyco-engineered recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against + the human B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, with potential antineoplastic + and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of anti-CD20 monoclonal + antibody MIL62, the antibody specifically targets and binds to CD20. This induces + antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing + B-cells, which leads to B-cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. + In addition, MIL62 inhibits CD20-mediated signaling which further induces apoptosis + in and inhibits proliferation of CD20-expressing tumor cells. CD20, a non-glycosylated + cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during + most stages of B-cell development, is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody MIL62 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166140" + term_id: C166140 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd205_antibodydrug_conjugate_obt076: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of an anti-CD205 (lymphocyte antigen + 75; Ly75) humanized immunoglobin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody conjugated to + DM4, a maytansinoid microtubule disruptor, via a cleavable N-succinimidyl-4-(2-pyridyldithio) + butanoate (SPDB) linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous + administration, anti-CD205 ADC OBT076 specifically targets and binds to CD205, + a receptor involved in antigen capture and endocytosis, expressed on tumor cells. + Following rapid internalization of the ADC/CD205 complex, OBT076 releases its + DM4 payload due to cleavage of the SPDB linker by intracellular proteases. Then + the DM4 binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, + resulting in the inhibition of both cell division and cell growth of CD205-expressing + tumor cells. CD205, a type I transmembrane surface glycoprotein belonging to + the C-type lectin receptor family, is normally expressed on various antigen-presenting + cells (APCs) and some leukocyte sub-populations but it is overexpressed in multiple + cancer types where it plays a key role in facilitating metastatic invasion. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD205 Antibody-drug Conjugate OBT076 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165598" + term_id: C165598 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd228mmae_antibodydrug_conjugate_sgncd228a: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized antibody targeting + the cell surface antigen cluster of differentiation (CD228; melanotransferrin; + MFI2; MELTF) that is conjugated, via a beta-glucuronidase-cleavable linker, + to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Following administration, the antibody + moiety of anti-CD228/MMAE ADC SGN-CD228A targets and binds to CD228 on the surface + of tumor cells. Following internalization of SGN-CD228A and release of MMAE, + MMAE targets and binds to tubulin, and inhibits microtubule polymerization. + This results in G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CD228-expressing + tumor cells. CD228, a cell-surfaced, glycosylphosphatidylinoitol (GPI)-anchored + glycoprotein, belongs to the transferrin family of iron-binding proteins. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD228/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD228A + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168772" + term_id: C168772 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd25_monoclonal_antibody_ro7296682: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody against CD25 (IL-2R alpha), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, the anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody RO7296682 targets + and binds to CD25 expressed on tumor-infiltrating regulatory T (Treg) cells. + This may deplete Treg cells and prevent immunosuppression, thereby enhancing + anti-tumor immune responses. CD25, the alpha chain of the interleukin (IL)-2 + receptor, is highly expressed on Treg cells but not on effector T (Teff) cells + in tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD25 Monoclonal Antibody RO7296682 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173969" + term_id: C173969 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd27_agonistic_monoclonal_antibody_mk5890: + common: + description: >- + A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the cell surface antigen + CD27, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + anti-CD27 agonistic monoclonal antibody MK-5890 targets and binds to CD27 on + a variety of immune cell types, including most T-lymphocytes. This induces CD27-dependent + signaling pathways and enhances T-cell-mediated responses, including the expansion + of antigen-activated T-cells and the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune + response against tumor cells. CD27, a co-stimulatory molecule and member of + the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes, + memory B-cells and natural killer (NK) cells. It plays an important role in + NK cell-mediated cytolytic activity and T- and B-lymphocyte proliferation and + activation. It is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD27 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody MK-5890 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172056" + term_id: C172056 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd3anti5t4_bispecific_antibody_gen1044: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the + human T-cell surface antigen CD3 and oncofetal antigen 5T4, with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD3/anti-5T4 bispecific + antibody GEN1044 simultaneously targets and binds to CD3 expressed on T-cells + and 5T4 expressed on tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a + potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the 5T4-expressing tumor + cells. 5T4, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer + cell types; its expression is correlated with increased invasiveness. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD3/Anti-5T4 Bispecific Antibody GEN1044 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173369" + term_id: C173369 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd3antigucy2c_bispecific_antibody_pf07062119: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human + guanylate cyclase 2C (GUCY2C; GCC; guanylyl cyclase C; heat-stable enterotoxin + receptor; hSTAR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, + anti-CD3/anti-GUCY2C bispecific antibody PF-07062119 targets and binds to both + CD3 on T-cells and GUCY2C expressed on certain tumor cells. This results in + the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL) response against GUCY2C-expressing tumor cells. GUCY2C, a transmembrane + receptor expressed on intestinal epithelial cells, is overexpressed on certain + tumors of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD3/Anti-GUCY2C Bispecific Antibody PF-07062119 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166258" + term_id: C166258 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd3cd7ricin_toxin_a_immunotoxin: + common: + description: >- + An immunotoxin (IT) combination composed of two antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), + one containing a monoclonal antibody against CD3 and one against the CD7 antigen + on activated T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells, and both conjugated to ricin + toxin A (RTA), the A-chain form of the potent plant toxin ricin, that can potentially + be used to destroy activated T- and NK cells. Upon administration of the anti-CD3/CD7-RTA + immunotoxin, the anti-CD3 antibody moiety targets and binds to activated T-cells; + the anti-CD7 antibody moiety targets and binds to CD7 on activated T-cells and + NK cells. Upon internalization and cleavage, the RTA moiety irreversibly inhibits + protein synthesis and induces apoptosis in the activated T-cells. This may eliminate + activated T-cells and may improve conditions such as graft-versus-host-disease + (GvHD). In addition, the binding and blocking of the anti-CD3 antibody to the + T-cell receptor/CD3 complex (TCR/CD3) results in activation-induced cell death + (AICD) and immunosuppression. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD3/CD7-Ricin Toxin A Immunotoxin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165583" + term_id: C165583 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd30dm1_antibodydrug_conjugate_f0002: + common: + description: >- + An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed + against the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor CD30 conjugated, via a nonreducible + thioether linker (succinimidyl trans-4-(maleimidylmethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate + or SMCC), to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid mertansine (DM1), with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety + of F0002 targets and binds to CD30-expressing tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake + and internalization, the mertansine moiety binds to tubulin and interferes with + microtubule assembly and disassembly dynamics. This inhibits both cell division + and the proliferation of tumor cells that express CD30. Transiently activated + during lymphocyte activation, CD30 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, + member 8; TNFRSF8) may be constitutively expressed in some hematologic malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD30/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate F0002 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172064" + term_id: C172064 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd37_bispecific_monoclonal_antibody_gen3009: + common: + description: >- + An Fc-engineered, humanized, bispecific hexamer formation-enhanced immunoglobulin + (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody that targets two separate epitopes on the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) CD37, with the E430G hexamerization-enhancing mutation, with potential + immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD37 + bispecific monoclonal antibody GEN3009 specifically targets and binds to two + non-overlapping CD37 epitopes, thereby inducing an assembly of antibody hexamers + through intermolecular Fc-Fc interactions at the cell surface of CD37-overexpressing + tumor cells. These hexamers recruit and activate C1, the first component of + complement, thereby triggering the complement cascade which activates the immune + system to induce complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). In addition, GEN3009 + binding to the CD37-overexpressing tumor cells also causes antibody-dependent + cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis + (ADCP). CD37, a member of the tetraspanin superfamily of cell surface antigens, + is expressed at high-levels on B cells and to a lesser extent on T cells and + myeloid cells. The E430G mutation in the Fc domains enhances Fc-mediated IgG + hexamerization upon cellular target binding, and enhances CDC. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD37 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GEN3009 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172443" + term_id: C172443 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd38_antibodydrug_conjugate_sti6129: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of STI-5171, a fully human monoclonal + antibody targeting human cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen + (TAA) CD38, site-specifically conjugated, via a non-polyethylene glycol linker, + to a monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF)-derived cytotoxic payload, with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD38 ADC STI-6129, the + antibody moiety targets and binds to CD38 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen + binding and internalization, the MMAF derivative binds to and inhibits tubulin + polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. + CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells + and hematologic malignancies; its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD38 Antibody-drug Conjugate STI-6129 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174057" + term_id: C174057 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd38_monoclonal_antibody_sar442085: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of Fc-engineered monoclonal antibody that targets the cell surface + glycoprotein CD-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact + mechanisms(s) through which this agent exerts its effects have yet to be fully + elucidated, upon administration, anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody SAR442085 targets + and binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. This may trigger, in addition + to other possible responses, antitumoral antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity + (ADCC) and may eventually lead to cell lysis in CD38-expressing tumor cells. + CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells + and hematologic malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody SAR442085 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166376" + term_id: C166376 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd38cd28xcd3_trispecific_monoclonal_antibody_sar442257: + common: + description: >- + A tri-specific T-cell engager and monoclonal antibody targeting CD38, a human + cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), CD3, a T-cell + surface antigen, and CD28, a T-cell specific surface glycoprotein and co-stimulatory + molecule, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, + anti-CD38/CD3/CD28 tri-specific monoclonal antibody SAR442257 targets and binds + to CD3 and CD28 on T-cells and CD38 expressed on tumor cells. The resulting + cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against + CD38-expressing tumor cells. In addition, SAR442257 can also directly target + CD28 expressed on tumor cells, such as multiple myeloma cells, thereby enhancing + the anti-tumor activity of this agent and allowing it to bind to tumor cells + when CD38 is occupied by other antibodies. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, + is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies; its expression + has been correlated with poor prognosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD38/CD28xCD3 Tri-specific Monoclonal Antibody SAR442257 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173645" + term_id: C173645 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd39_monoclonal_antibody_srf617: + common: + description: >- + A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor + CD39 (cluster of differentiation 39; ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1; + NTPDase1; ENTPD1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, anti-CD39 monoclonal antibody SRF617 specifically binds + to the CD39 antigen, thereby preventing the conversion and degradation of adenosine + triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP). This leads to an increase + in the extracellular levels of immunogenic ATP and a decrease in the levels + of immunosuppressive adenosine within the tumor microenvironment (TME). A high + level of ATP increases pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and promotes both T-cell + proliferation and the stimulation of dendritic and other myeloid-derived cells + that are necessary for innate and adaptive immunity. CD39, a cell surface ectonucleosidase, + is upregulated on tumor cells as an immune evasion strategy. Blocking its action + may improve anti-tumor immune responses. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody SRF617 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171450" + term_id: C171450 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd40anti41bb_bispecific_agonist_monoclonal_antibody_gen1042: + common: + description: >- + A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1, Fc-silenced, bispecific, agonistic monoclonal + antibody targeting both CD40 and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor + superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, anti-CD40/anti-4-1BB bispecific agonist monoclonal + antibody GEN1042 simultaneously binds to CD40 and 4-1BB, crosslinks CD40 and + 4-1BB positive cells, induces conditional stimulation, and activates both CD40- + and 4-1BB-medicated signaling. The activation of CD40-mediated signaling triggers + the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activates + T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune + response against tumor cells. The activation of 4-1BB-mediated signaling induces + cytokine production and promotes T-cell mediated anti-tumor immune responses. + CD40, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor + superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on various immune cells, such as dendritic + cells (DCs), macrophages and B-cells, and plays a key role in the activation + of the immune system. 4-1BB, a surface glycoprotein of the TNFRSF, is an inducible + costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival + and cytolytic activity. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD40/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Agonist Monoclonal Antibody GEN1042 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168604" + term_id: C168604 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd47_adc_sgncd47m: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed + against human cell surface antigen CD47 conjugated to an as of yet not fully + elucidated toxin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration + of SGN-CD47M, the anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to + CD47 on tumor cell surfaces; upon internalization, the toxin moiety kills tumor + cells through a mechanism of action that has not been elucidated. CD47, also + called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) + expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed + on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD47 ADC SGN-CD47M + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173421" + term_id: C173421 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd47_monoclonal_antibody_imc002: + common: + description: >- + A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting leukocyte surface + antigen CD47, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody IMC-002 targets + and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells, blocking the interaction of CD47 + with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) expressed on phagocytic cells. + This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated + inhibition of macrophage activation and phagocytosis of cancer cells. This induces + pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which + is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein + (LDL) receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1), which is expressed on macrophages, + and results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor + cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and + overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, + and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation + and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, thereby allowing cancer cells to + proliferate. IMC-002 does not bind to red blood cells (RBCs). This may prevent + adverse effects such as anemia that can result from the blockade of CD47 expressed + on RBCs. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-002 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174192" + term_id: C174192 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticd47cd19_bispecific_monoclonal_antibody_tg1801: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific monoclonal antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments + (scFv), one directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19, and + another that is directed against the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential + immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon + administration of anti-CD47/CD19 bispecific monoclonal antibody TG-1801, the + anti-CD19 moiety selectively targets and binds to CD19 on CD19-positive B-cells, + thereby improving binding of the anti-CD47 moiety to the CD19+ malignant B-cells. + The CD47 binding by TG-1801 blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory + protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages and + dendritic cells (DCs), which prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and + abrogates the CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces + pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which + is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein + (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages, which results + in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of the CD19/CD47-expressing + tumor cells. Additionally, blocking CD47 signaling activates an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte + immune response and T-cell-mediated killing of CD19/CD47-expressing tumor cells. + In addition, TG-1801 induces an anti-tumor activity through the induction of + antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). CD47, also called integrin-associated + protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), widely expressed on normal, + healthy cells, such as red blood cells and platelets, and overexpressed on the + surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction + with SIRPalpha, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects + cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate. CD19 + is a membrane antigen that is widely expressed during B-cell development and + in B-cell malignancies. By co-targeting CD47 and CD19, TG-1801 has the potential + to overcome the limitations of existing CD47-targeted therapies by possibly + avoiding the side effects caused by binding to CD47 on healthy hematopoietic + stem cells (HSCs) which causes unwanted macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CD47/CD19 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TG-1801 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166137" + term_id: C166137 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticlaudin182_monoclonal_antibody_ab011: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential + immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-claudin18.2 + monoclonal antibody AB011 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits CLDN18.2 + expressed on tumor cells. This may kill CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells and + inhibit cell proliferation. CLDN18.2, a tight junction protein and stomach-specific + isoform of claudin-18, is expressed on a variety of tumor cells, but its expression + in healthy tissues is strictly confined to short-lived differentiated epithelial + cells of the gastric mucosa. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody AB011 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173724" + term_id: C173724 + term_version: 20.10d + +anticlaudin182_monoclonal_antibody_tst001: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed + against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform + of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, anti-claudin18.2 monoclonal antibody TST001 specifically + targets, binds to and inhibits CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. This may kill + CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity + (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and inhibit cell proliferation. CLDN18.2, + a tight junction protein and stomach-specific isoform of claudin-18, is overexpressed + on a variety of tumor cells, but its expression in healthy tissues is strictly + confined to short-lived differentiated epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa. + TST001 is produced with reduced fucosylation. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-Claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody TST001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173726" + term_id: C173726 + term_version: 20.10d + +antictla4_monoclonal_antibody_adg116: + common: + description: >- + A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor + cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential + immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous + administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody ADG116 targets and binds to + CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation + of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + immune response against cancer cells, thereby killing cancer cells. CTLA-4, + an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), + plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ADG116 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166139" + term_id: C166139 + term_version: 20.10d + +antictla4_monoclonal_antibody_hbm4003: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant human heavy chain only antibody (HCAb) directed against the human + T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4;CTLA4), + with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon + administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody HBM4003 targets and binds to + CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells, and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation + of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + immune response against cancer cells. In addition, HBM4003 induces an antibody-dependent + cell cytotoxicity (ADCC). CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin + superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system. + HBM4003, being a HCAb, is smaller than conventional antibodies which may allow + for increased tissue penetration. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody HBM4003 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173540" + term_id: C173540 + term_version: 20.10d + +antictla4_monoclonal_antibody_onc392: + common: + description: >- + A humanized, pH-sensitive immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed + against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated + antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4; CD152), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody + ONC-392 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated + downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells, thereby killing cancer + cells. As ONC-392 is dissociated from CTLA-4 under low pH, it does not cause + lysosomal degradation of CTLA-4, preserving CTLA-4 and allowing the recycling + of CTLA-4. This may result in more efficient and selective CTLA-4-targeted regulatory + T-cell (Treg) depletion within the tumor microenvironment (TME) while preserving + CTLA-4 functions outside the TME, thereby reducing toxicities. CTLA-4, an inhibitory + receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role + in the downregulation of the immune system. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ONC-392 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173547" + term_id: C173547 + term_version: 20.10d + +antictla4_probody_bms986288: + common: + description: >- + A probody composed of a modified version of ipilimumab, a recombinant human + monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated + antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), linked to a proprietary masking peptide that covers + the active antigen-binding site of the antibody through a protease-cleavable + linker, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration of anti-CTLA-4 probody BMS-986288, the masking peptide is + cleaved by tumor-associated proteases upon extravasation into the tumor microenvironment + (TME). Protease-mediated removal of the linker enables binding of the unmasked + monoclonal antibody moiety to CTLA-4, which is expressed on certain T-cells. + This inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation, and leads + to both activation of tumor infiltrating T-effector cells and a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA4, an inhibitory receptor + and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated effector + T-cells (Teffs) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs), plays a key role in the inhibition + of T-cell activity and downregulation of the immune system. The peptide masking + of BMS-986288 minimizes binding to CTLA-4 in normal tissues and may reduce systemic + toxicity, when compared to ipilimumab. Tumor-associated proteases are present + in high concentrations and aberrantly activated in the TME. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CTLA-4 Probody BMS-986288 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173435" + term_id: C173435 + term_version: 20.10d + +antictla4antipd1_monoclonal_antibody_combination_bcd217: + common: + description: >- + A fixed dose combination of two monoclonal antibodies of which one is directed + against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell + death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the other one is directed against the + cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential + immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + anti-CTLA-4/anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody combination BCD-217 targets and binds + to both PD-1 and CTLA-4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and + inhibits the PD-1- and CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and + proliferation. This restores immune function and activates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. Both PD-1 and CTLA-4 are + selectively expressed on TILs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and negatively + regulate the activation and effector functions of T-cells. They play key roles + in the downregulation of the immune system and tumor evasion from host immunity. + Dual checkpoint blockade of PD-1 and CTLA-4 enhances T-cell activation and proliferation + more than the blockade of either immune checkpoint receptor alone. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CTLA-4/Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Combination BCD-217 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172196" + term_id: C172196 + term_version: 20.10d + +antictla4_antibody_fc_fusion_protein_kn044: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant, humanized fusion protein consisting of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated + antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4) single domain antibody linked to a Fc domain, with + potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + anti-CTLA4 antibody Fc fusion protein KN044 targets and binds to CTLA4 expressed + on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. + This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against + cancer cells. CTLA4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin + superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-CTLA4 Antibody Fc Fusion Protein KN044 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173422" + term_id: C173422 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiegfrcd16a_bispecific_antibody_afm24: + common: + description: >- + A human, tetravalent, bispecific antibody targeting both the epidermal growth + factor receptor (EGFR) and the human low affinity IgG Fc region receptor IIIA + (FCGR3A; CD16A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, anti-EGFR/CD16A bispecific antibody AFM24 simultaneously + targets and binds to the CD16A expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages, + and to EGFR on EGFR-expressing tumor cells, thereby selectively cross-linking + EGFR-expressing tumor cells with NK cells and macrophages. This may result in + NK cell and macrophage activation, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity + (ADCC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), and eventually tumor + cell lysis. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated or mutated in many + tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. + CD16A is specifically expressed on the surface of NK cells and macrophages. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-EGFR/CD16A Bispecific Antibody AFM24 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171163" + term_id: C171163 + term_version: 20.10d + +antifraeribulin_antibodydrug_conjugate_morab202: + common: + description: >- + An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) composed of farletuzumab, a humanized immunoglobulin + G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the folate receptor alpha (FRA; + FolRa; FOLR1), and conjugated, via a cathepsin B-cleavable linker, to the microtubule-targeting + agent (MTA) eribulin, a derivative of the macrocyclic polyether natural product + halichondrin B, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration + of MORAb-202, the farletuzumab moiety targets and binds to FRA expressed on + certain tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization, and enzymatic cleavage, + eribulin binds to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibits the polymerization + of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules, resulting in inhibition of mitotic + spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, and the induction + of tumor cell death in FRA-expressing cells. FRA is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol + linked cell-surface glycoprotein that is widely expressed in certain cancers + while its expression is limited in normal tissues. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-FRA/Eribulin Antibody-drug Conjugate MORAb-202 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173946" + term_id: C173946 + term_version: 20.10d + +antigarp_monoclonal_antibody_abbv151: + common: + description: >- + A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the transforming growth factor + beta (TGFbeta) activator, glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP; leucine-rich + repeat-containing protein 32; LRRC32), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, anti-GARP monoclonal antibody ABBV-151 selectively + targets and binds to GARP which interferes with the production and release of + active TGFbeta by regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Selective inhibition of the release + of TGFbeta from Tregs leads to a reversal of immunosuppression thereby increasing + the immune response to tumor cells. GARP, a leucine-rich repeat-containing protein, + is essential for the expression of TGFbeta on the cell surface of activated + Tregs; it plays an important role in regulation of the immune cell function. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-GARP Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-151 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165684" + term_id: C165684 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiglobo_hmmae_antibodydrug_conjugate_obi_999: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of OBI-888 (OBI 888), a humanized + monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) globohexaosylceramide + (globo H), covalently linked to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin + derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration of anti-globo H/MMAE ADC OBI 999, the antibody + moiety of OBI 999, OBI 888, targets and binds to globo H on tumor cells and + is rapidly internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Upon proteolytic + cleavage, MMAE targets and binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, + resulting in G2/M checkpoint arrest and apoptosis in globo H-expressing tumor + cells. Globo H, a hexasaccharide glycosphingolipid, is (over)expressed on the + surface of many types of tumor cells. Globo H is minimally or not expressed + on healthy, normal cells; its expression on cancer cells is associated with + increased proliferation and poor prognosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-Globo H/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate OBI 999 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165657" + term_id: C165657 + term_version: 20.10d + +antigpr20dxd_antibodydrug_conjugate_ds6157a: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed + against the G protein-coupled receptor 20 (GPR20) conjugated to the cytotoxic + DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor and exatecan derivative DXd (MAAA-1181a; MAAA-1181), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-GPR20/DXd + ADC DS-6157a, the anti-GPR20 antibody targets and binds to GPR20-expressing + tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake, the DXd moiety targets and binds to DNA topoisomerase + I, thereby stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, + resulting in DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication and apoptosis. This inhibits + the proliferation of GPR20-expressing tumor cells. GPR20 is overexpressed on + certain tumor cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-GPR20/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-6157a + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172987" + term_id: C172987 + term_version: 20.10d + +antigremlin1_monoclonal_antibody_ucb6114: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against gremlin-1 (GREM1; Drm), with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-gremlin-1 antibody UCB6114 + specifically targets and binds to gremlin-1, thereby neutralizing Gremlin-1. + This may block the gremlin-1-mediated inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein + (BMP) signaling pathways, and may lead to the inhibition of tumor cell growth + and proliferation. Gremlin-1, a BMP antagonist that is overexpressed in a variety + of cancer cell types, is involved in cancer cell growth and proliferation as + well as tissue fibrosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-gremlin-1 Monoclonal Antibody UCB6114 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173701" + term_id: C173701 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiher2_antibody_conjugated_natural_killer_cells_ace1702: + common: + description: >- + An off-the-shelf preparation of natural killer (NK) cells conjugated to a monoclonal + antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2 antibody + conjugated natural killer cells ACE1702, the antibody moiety targets and binds + to HER2 on tumor cells, which may lead to cell lysis of HER2-expressing tumor + cells by the NK cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by + many cancer cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-HER2 Antibody Conjugated Natural Killer Cells ACE1702 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173076" + term_id: C173076 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiher2_antibodydrug_conjugate_bat8001: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed + against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor + 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) conjugated via an uncleavable linker to an as of yet + undisclosed maytansine derivative, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + administration of the anti-HER2 ADC BAT8001, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody + targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake, the + cytotoxic maytansine derivative binds to tubulin, thereby affecting microtubule + assembly and disassembly dynamics. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation and + induces apoptosis in HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, + is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173966" + term_id: C173966 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiher2_antibodydrug_conjugate_dp303c: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting + human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) and conjugated + to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon administration of anti-HER2 ADC DP303c, the antibody moiety targets and + binds to HER2 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, + the cytotoxic agent induces tumor cell apoptosis, through an as of yet not publicly + known mechanism. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many + cancer cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate DP303c + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173962" + term_id: C173962 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiher2_monoclonal_antibody_b002: + common: + description: >- + A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth + factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon administration, anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody B002 targets and binds to + HER2 on HER2-expressing tumor cells. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and + may lead to antitumor activity. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed + by many cancer cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody B002 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174121" + term_id: C174121 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiher2_monoclonal_antibody_hlx22: + common: + description: >- + A humanized immunoglobulin (lg) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the + human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody + HLX22 targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cell surface. This may induce a cytotoxic + T-lymphocyte (CTL) response as well as an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity + (ADCC) against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, + is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody HLX22 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172198" + term_id: C172198 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiher2dm1_adc_b003: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a recombinant humanized anti-epidermal + growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody conjugated to the maytansinoid + DM1 via a nonreducible thioether linkage (MCC), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration of B003, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody moiety + targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cell surfaces; upon internalization, the + DM1 moiety is released and binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule + assembly/disassembly dynamics, inhibiting cell division and the proliferation + of cancer cells that overexpress HER2. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-HER2-DM1 ADC B003 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173420" + term_id: C173420 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiher2dm1_antibodydrug_conjugate_gq1001: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting + human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) and conjugated, + via a site-specific linker, to the cytotoxic maytansinoid mertansine (DM1), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2-DM1 + ADC GQ1001, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cell surfaces. + Upon cellular uptake and internalization, DM1 binds to tubulin and interferes + with microtubule assembly and disassembly dynamics. This inhibits cell division + and the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2, a tyrosine + kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-HER2-DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate GQ1001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173827" + term_id: C173827 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiher2mmae_antibodydrug_conjugate_mrg002: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) + monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human + epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting + cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Following administration, the antibody moiety of anti-HER2/MMAE ADC + MRG002 targets and binds to HER2 on the surface of tumor cells. Following internalization + of MRG002, MMAE targets and binds to tubulin, and inhibits microtubule polymerization. + This results in G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HER2-expressing + tumor cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer + cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-HER2/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate MRG002 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174205" + term_id: C174205 + term_version: 20.10d + +antihlag_antibody_ttx080: + common: + description: >- + An antibody targeting HLA-G histocompatibility antigen, class I, G (human leukocyte + antigen G; HLA-G), with potential immune checkpoint inhibiting, immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-HLA-G antibody + TTX-080 targets and binds to HLA-G, thereby preventing the binding of HLA-G + to its inhibitory receptors on a variety of immune cells, such as natural killer + cells (NKs), T- and B-lymphocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs). This may prevent + the HLA-G-mediated immune suppression, thereby activating both innate and adaptive + immune responses. This may activate anti-tumor immune responses. HLA-G, an immune + checkpoint normally expressed at the maternal-fetal interface, is expressed + across multiple tumor types and plays a key role in cancer immune evasion. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-HLA-G Antibody TTX-080 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175374" + term_id: C175374 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiil8_monoclonal_antibody_bms986253: + common: + description: >- + A human monoclonal antibody against the pro-inflammatory mediator interleukin-8 + (IL-8; CXCL8), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + BMS-986253 directly binds to IL-8, thereby inhibiting the binding of IL-8 to + its receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. This inhibits activation of IL-8-mediated signaling + transduction pathways, which decreases proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. + Also, BMS-986253 effectively blocks binding of IL-8 to neutrophils and inhibits + neutrophil activation and recruitment towards sites of inflammation, which reduces + inflammation. IL-8, a member of the CXC chemokine family, is upregulated in + a variety of cancer cell types and inflammatory diseases; it plays a key role + in tumor cell proliferation, endothelial cell proliferation, and cancer stem + cell (CSC) renewal. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-IL-8 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986253 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C124227" + term_id: C124227 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiintegrin_beta6mmae_antibodydrug_conjugate_sgnb6a: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized antibody targeting + integrin beta-6 and conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent + monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + administration, the antibody moiety of anti-integrin beta-6/MMAE ADC SGN-B6A + targets and binds to integrin beta-6 on the surface of tumor cells. Following + internalization of SGN-B6A and release of MMAE, MMAE targets and binds to tubulin, + and inhibits microtubule polymerization. This results in G2/M phase cell cycle + arrest and apoptosis in integrin beta-6-expressing tumor cells. Integrin beta-6 + is a subunit of integrin alpha-V beta-6 (aVb6). Integrin aVb6, a cell adhesion + and signaling receptor, is upregulated in certain cancer cell types and has + been associated with increased proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor + cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-integrin Beta-6/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-B6A + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172391" + term_id: C172391 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiirf4_antisense_oligonucleotide_ion251: + common: + description: >- + An antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting the interferon regulatory factor + 4 (IRF4) mRNA, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon intravenous administration, anti-IRF4 ASO ION251 hybridizes with IRF4 mRNA, + which blocks translation of the IRF4 protein. Reduction of IRF4 levels prevents + the expression of IRF4-controlled tumor promoter genes, and may enhance tumor + cell apoptosis and prevent T-cell exhaustion. IRF4, a transcription factor expressed + in lymphocytes and essential for plasma cell differentiation, is involved in + immune cell development and plays a key role in T-cell functions. It is overexpressed + in certain tumor cell types and is a key regulator of multiple genes controlling + tumor cell survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-IRF4 Antisense Oligonucleotide ION251 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173725" + term_id: C173725 + term_version: 20.10d + +antilag3_monoclonal_antibody_ibi110: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory receptor lymphocyte-activation + gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LAG-3 monoclonal antibody + IBI110 targets and binds to LAG-3 expressed by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes + (TILs) and blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and major histocompatibility + complex class II (MHC II) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells + (APCs) and tumor cells. This prevents the negative regulation of T-cell activity + that occurs via LAG-3-MHC II binding and enhances a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + immune response against tumor cells, leading to a reduction in tumor growth. + LAG-3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), negatively regulates + both the proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is + associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody IBI-110 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168603" + term_id: C168603 + term_version: 20.10d + +antilatent_tgfbeta_1_monoclonal_antibody_srk181: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against latent human transforming growth factor + (TGF)-beta 1 (TGFb1; TGF-b1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, + anti-latent TGFb1 monoclonal antibody SRK-181 specifically targets, binds to, + and inhibits the activation of latent TGFb1 complexes, thereby preventing TGFb1-mediated + signaling. This abrogates TGFb1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor + immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor cell death. + This may lead to a reduction in TGFb1-dependent proliferation of cancer cells. + The TGF-beta signaling pathway is often deregulated in tumors and plays a key + role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, + invasion, and angiogenesis. It plays a key role in immunosuppression in the + TME. TGFb1 is the predominant isoform in many tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-latent TGF-beta 1 Monoclonal Antibody SRK-181 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173598" + term_id: C173598 + term_version: 20.10d + +antilewis_blewis_y_monoclonal_antibody_gnx102: + common: + description: >- + A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human tumor-associated carbohydrate + antigens (TACAs) Lewis B (LeB) and Lewis Y (LeY), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, anti-LeB/LeY monoclonal antibody GNX102 binds + to branched LeB and LeY glycans, which may induce an antibody-dependent cellular + cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against LeB- and LeY-expressing tumor cells. LeB + and LeY antigens, tetrasaccharides with low to moderate expression in monomeric + form in normal adult tissues, is overexpressed in branched form in multiple + forms of cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-Lewis B/Lewis Y Monoclonal Antibody GNX102 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175411" + term_id: C175411 + term_version: 20.10d + +antililrb4_monoclonal_antibody_io202: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against the immune inhibitory receptor leukocyte + immunoglobulin-like receptor B4 (LILRB4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LILRB4 monoclonal antibody + IO-202 targets, binds to and inhibits LILRB4 and its downstream signaling pathways. + This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated + immune responses against tumor cells, and inhibit tumor infiltration. LILRB4, + an immune inhibitory receptor normally expressed on monocytic cells and highly + expressed on monocytic acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, functions as an immune + checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation as its extracellular + domain inhibits T-cell activity. It plays an important role in tumor infiltration + in leukemias through multiple signaling pathways. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-LILRB4 Monoclonal Antibody IO-202 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174485" + term_id: C174485 + term_version: 20.10d + +antimesothelinmmae_antibodydrug_conjugate_rc88: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody directed against the + human cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin and conjugated, via a cleavable linker, + to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety + of anti-mesothelin/MMAE ADC RC88 targets and binds to the tumor associated antigen + (TAA) mesothelin on the surface of tumor cells. Upon internalization and the + release of MMAE, MMAE targets and binds to tubulin, and inhibits microtubule + polymerization. This results in G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in + mesothelin-expressing tumor cells. Mesothelin is overexpressed by all mesotheliomas + and a variety of other cancers, while it is minimally expressed in normal tissue. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate RC88 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174395" + term_id: C174395 + term_version: 20.10d + +antimuc16cd3_bispecific_antibody_regn4018: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific, human monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. + REGN4018 contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell + surface antigen that is part of the T cell receptor complex, and one for human + mucin 16 (MUC16, cancer antigen 125; CA125; FLJ14303), a member of the mucin + family of glycoproteins that is overexpressed by several epithelial cancers, + including ovarian cancer. Upon administration, REGN4018 binds to both T-cells + and MUC16-expressing tumor cells, which cross-links the T-cells to the tumor + cells, and may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against + the MUC16-expressing tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-MUC16/CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN4018 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C153129" + term_id: C153129 + term_version: 20.10d + +antimuc17cd3_bite_antibody_amg_199: + common: + description: >- + A half-life extended (HLE), human bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody + composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against + the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human mucin 17 (MUC17), and one directed + against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-MUC17/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG + 199 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and MUC17 expressed on tumor cells. This results + in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic + T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against MUC17-expressing tumor cells. MUC17, a member + of the mucin family of glycoproteins, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor + cells of epithelial origin and plays a key role in tumor cell dissemination. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-MUC17/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 199 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165588" + term_id: C165588 + term_version: 20.10d + +antinapi2b_antibodydrug_conjugate_xmt1592: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of XMT-1535, a humanized monoclonal + antibody against human sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (SLC34A2; + NaPi2b), that is site-specifically bioconjugated to the cytotoxic aurastatin + derivative auristatin F-HPA (AF-HPA; auristatin F-hydroxypropylamide), with + potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-NaPi2b ADC XMT-1592, + the antibody moiety targets and binds to NaPi2b expressed on tumor cells. Following + internalization of XMT-1592 and release of AF-HPA, the AF-HPA binds to tubulin + and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest + and apoptosis of NaPi2b-expressing tumor cells. NaPi2b, a tumor-associated antigen + (TAA), is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in + the transport of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and the maintenance of phosphate homeostasis. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-NaPi2b Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1592 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173702" + term_id: C173702 + term_version: 20.10d + +antinrp1_antibody_asp1948: + common: + description: >- + A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against neuropilin-1 + (NRP1; CD304; BDCA-4), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, anti-NRP1 antibody ASP1948 specifically targets and binds + to NRP1. This prevents the binding of NRP1 to its ligand and may block the immune + inhibitory actions of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) mediated by the interaction + of NRP1 with its ligand. This may enhance the immune response against tumor + cells. NRP1 is a transmembrane co-receptor protein expressed in Tregs; it plays + an important role in maintaining the stability and function of Tregs. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-NRP1 Antibody ASP1948 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C156402" + term_id: C156402 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiox40_agonist_monoclonal_antibody_bgba445: + common: + description: >- + An agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 + (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4), with + potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + anti-OX40 agonist monoclonal antibody BGB-A445 selectively binds to OX40, thereby + activating OX40. This induces the proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes + and results in a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which + leads to tumor cell lysis. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the + tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes + and provides a co-stimulatory signal that promotes both the proliferation and + survival of activated T-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A445 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175453" + term_id: C175453 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiox40_hexavalent_agonist_antibody_inbrx106: + common: + description: >- + An agonistic, recombinant, humanized, hexavalent immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody + targeting the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor + superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, anti-OX40 hexavalent agonist antibody INBRX-106 + selectively binds to six OX40 receptors per molecule, thereby clustering and + activating OX40. This induces the proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes + and results in a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which + leads to tumor cell lysis. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the + tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes + and provides a co-stimulatory signal that promotes both the proliferation and + survival of activated T-cells. Utilizing a hexavalent OX40 antibody may improve + receptor clustering and downstream signaling over tetravalent or bivalent OX40 + antibodies. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-OX40 Hexavalent Agonist Antibody INBRX-106 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173983" + term_id: C173983 + term_version: 20.10d + +antipd1_antibodyinterleukin21_mutein_fusion_protein_amg_256: + common: + description: >- + An antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor + programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) fused to a mutein of the + cytokine interleukin-21 (IL-21), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, + immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PD-1 + antibody-IL-21 mutein fusion protein AMG 256, the antibody moiety specifically + targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This + may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated + immune responses against tumor cells. The IL-21 mutein moiety binds to the IL-21 + receptor and activates IL-21 cytokine signaling in PD-1-expressing cells. This + may modulate the proliferation and/or differentiation, promote survival, and + increase the cytolytic activity of PD-1-expressing T-cells, thereby enhancing + T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane + protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions + as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector + function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; + cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role + in tumor evasion from host immunity. IL-21 plays an important role in the regulation + of cellular immune responses. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PD-1 Antibody-interleukin-21 Mutein Fusion Protein AMG 256 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174140" + term_id: C174140 + term_version: 20.10d + +antipd1_monoclonal_antibody_609a: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) kappa monoclonal antibody directed against + the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein + 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody 609A targets, + binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore + immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune + responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin + superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that + negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated + by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays + an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody 609A + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172820" + term_id: C172820 + term_version: 20.10d + +antipd1_monoclonal_antibody_scti10a: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory + human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with + potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody SCT-I10A targets, binds to, and inhibits PD-1 + and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune functions through + the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor + cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) + expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates + T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed + cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor + evasion from host immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody SCT-I10A + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170758" + term_id: C170758 + term_version: 20.10d + +antipd1antiher2_bispecific_antibody_ibi315: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody directed against + the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and the negative immunoregulatory + human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with + potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + the anti-PD-1/anti-HER2 bispecific antibody IBI315 simultaneously targets, binds + to and inhibits HER2 and PD-1 and their downstream signaling pathways, and bridges + PD-1-expressing T-cells to HER2-expressing tumor cells. This may inhibit tumor + cell proliferation of HER2-overexpressing cells. Inhibition of PD-1-mediated + signaling may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and + T-cell-mediated immune responses against the HER2-expressing tumor cells. PD-1, + a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on + T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell + activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell + death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion + from host immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PD-1/Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody IBI315 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174419" + term_id: C174419 + term_version: 20.10d + +antipd1antilag3_bispecific_antibody_ro7247669: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint + receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PD1; PDCD1; CD279; Programmed + Death 1) and lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with + potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + anti-PD-1/anti-LAG-3 bispecific antibody RO7247669 targets and binds to both + PD-1 and LAG-3 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the PD-1- and LAG-3-mediated + downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation. This may lead to cytotoxic + T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. PD-1 and LAG-3 + play key roles in suppressing T-cell activation and proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PD-1/Anti-LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7247669 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173539" + term_id: C173539 + term_version: 20.10d + +antipd1antipdl1_bispecific_antibody_ibi318: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the + human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein + 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and its ligand, human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1; + CD274), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 bispecific antibody IBI318 + simultaneously targets and binds to PD-1, which is expressed on a variety of + leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment + (TME), and PD-L1, which is expressed on tumor cells. This crosslinks PD-1-expressing + T cells and PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. This prevents PD-L1 from binding to + and activating its receptor PD-1 and inhibits the PD-L1/PD-1-mediated downregulation + of T-cell activation and proliferation. This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates + antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor + cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. PD-L1 binding to + PD-1 on activated T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive + T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody IBI318 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171938" + term_id: C171938 + term_version: 20.10d + +antipd1cd47_infusion_protein_hx009: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific antibody fusion protein directed against the human negative immunoregulatory + checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and + the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PD-1/CD47 infusion + protein HX009, the agent simultaneously and selectively targets and binds to + PD-1 expressed on T-lymphocytes and CD47 on tumor cells. The CD47 binding by + HX009 blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), + an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), which + prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated + inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by + the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface + of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), + expressed on macrophages, which results in macrophage activation and the specific + phagocytosis of the CD47-expressing tumor cells. The binding of HX009 to PD-1 + blocks the interaction between PD-1 and its ligands, PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and + PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream + signaling pathways. This may restore effector T-cell functions and may further + activate cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated tumor cell killing. CD47, also + called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), + widely expressed on normal, healthy cells, such as red blood cells and platelets, + and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of + CD47, and its interaction with SIRPalpha, leads to the inhibition of macrophage + activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer + cells to proliferate. By co-targeting CD47 and PD-1, HX009 has the potential + to overcome the limitations of existing CD47-targeted therapies by possibly + avoiding the side effects caused by binding to CD47 on healthy hematopoietic + stem cells (HSCs), which causes unwanted macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. PD-1, + an inhibitory receptor belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is + expressed on activated T-lymphocytes; it functions as an immune checkpoint that + negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated + by its ligands, and plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PD-1/CD47 Infusion Protein HX009 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168600" + term_id: C168600 + term_version: 20.10d + +antipd1ctla4_bispecific_antibody_medi5752: + common: + description: >- + An engineered fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain bispecific human immunoglobulin + G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory + checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and + cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential + immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + anti-PD1/CTLA4 bispecific antibody MEDI5752 targets and binds to both PD-1 and + CTLA4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs), and inhibits the + PD-1- and CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation. + In addition, MEDI5752 is internalized and is able to degrade PD-1. This restores + immune function and activates a sustained cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + immune response against tumor cells. Both PD-1 and CTLA4 are selectively expressed + on TILs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and negatively regulate the activation + and effector functions of T-cells. They play key roles in the downregulation + of the immune system and tumor evasion from host immunity. Dual checkpoint blockade + of PD1 and CTLA4 with MEDI5752 may enhance T-cell activation and proliferation + more than the blockade of either immune checkpoint receptor alone. It may also + decrease toxicity by avoiding the binding to CTLA-4-expressing T-cells that + are devoid of PD-1. The engineered Fc domain may reduce Fc effector function. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody MEDI5752 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171937" + term_id: C171937 + term_version: 20.10d + +antipd1vegf_bispecific_antibody_ak112: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell + receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the human + vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential immune checkpoint + inhibitory, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration + of anti-PD-1/VEGF bispecific antibody AK112, this agent simultaneously targets + and binds to both PD-1 expressed on certain T-cells and VEGF. The binding of + AK112 to PD-1 prevents the activation of PD-1 by its ligands, programmed cell + death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and/or 2 (PD-L2). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, + activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL)-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. + The binding of AK112 to VEGF prevents binding of VEGF to its receptor VEGFR, + abrogates VEGF/VEGFR-mediated signaling and may lead to the inhibition of vascular + endothelial cell proliferation. The inhibition of tumor angiogenesis may further + decrease tumor cell proliferation and prevent metastasis. PD-1, a transmembrane + protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions + as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector + function when activated by its ligands PD-L1/ or PD-L2; it plays an important + role in tumor evasion from host immunity. VEGF is overexpressed in a variety + of cancers and is associated with increased invasiveness and decreased survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PD-1/VEGF Bispecific Antibody AK112 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170909" + term_id: C170909 + term_version: 20.10d + +antipdl1_monoclonal_antibody_imc001: + common: + description: >- + A human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed + cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential + immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody IMC-001 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, + blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death + 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation + caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, + anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody IMC-001 also induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated + cytotoxicity (ADCC). PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. + PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in + immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin + superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of + the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172819" + term_id: C172819 + term_version: 20.10d + +antipdl1_monoclonal_antibody_rc98: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed + cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential + immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody RC98 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, + blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death + 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation + caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed + by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses + the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein + belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, + is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival + of CD8-positive T-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody RC98 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174520" + term_id: C174520 + term_version: 20.10d + +antipdl1anti41bb_bispecific_monoclonal_antibody_gen1046: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant, Fc-silenced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting + both the human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis + factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, + immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/4-1BB + bispecific antibody GEN1046 simultaneously targets and binds to 4-1BB, which + is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes, + and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. Through 4-1BB binding, GEN1046 acts as a + conditional 4-1BB agonist, resulting in T-cell co-stimulation and enhances T-lymphocyte-mediated + anti-tumor activity. At the same time,GEN1046 prevents PD-L1 from binding to + and activating its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed + death-1). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes + and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a + reduction in tumor growth. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells inhibits + the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system + and results in immune evasion. 4-1BB, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis + factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays + a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PD-L1/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GEN1046 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172194" + term_id: C172194 + term_version: 20.10d + +antipdl1il15_fusion_protein_kd033: + common: + description: >- + A fusion protein composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive + ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; + CD274) fused to the immunostimulatory cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15), with + potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration + of the anti-PD-L1/IL-15 fusion protein KD033, the anti-PD-L1 antibody moiety + specifically targets and binds to PD-L1 expressing cells in the tumor microenvironment + (TME). In turn, IL-15 stimulates the proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells, + cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and memory T-cells locally in the TME, which + induces an anti-tumor immune response. This may increase tumor cell killing + and decrease tumor cell proliferation. IL-15 regulates CD8+ T and NK cell development, + activation and proliferation. PD-L1, a transmembrane protein, is expressed on + the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs) and on many cancer cell types. + PD-L1 binding to PD-1, a negative regulator of the immune system on activated + T-cells, limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses + the immune system and results in immune evasion. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PD-L1/IL-15 Fusion Protein KD033 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173592" + term_id: C173592 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiprame_tcell_receptoranticd3_scfv_fusion_protein_imcf106c: + common: + description: >- + A T-cell re-directing bi-specific biologic composed of a modified form of human + T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) preferentially + expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) and fused to an anti-CD3 single-chain + variable fragment (scFv), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration + of IMC-F106C, the TCR moiety of this agent targets and binds to PRAME on tumor + cells and the anti-CD3 scFv moiety binds to CD3- expressing T-lymphocytes. This + selectively cross-links tumor cells and T-lymphocytes and results in a CTL-mediated + death of PRAME-expressing tumor cells. The TAA PRAME is overexpressed by a variety + of cancer cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PRAME T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-F106C + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170976" + term_id: C170976 + term_version: 20.10d + +antipsmacd3_bispecific_antibody_ccw702: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific antibody that targets both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human + prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, + with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration + of anti-PSMA/CD3 bispecific antibody CCW702, this bispecific antibody binds + to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and PSMA found on PSMA-expressing + tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to PSMA-expressing tumor cells, + which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of PSMA-expressing tumor cells. + PSMA is overexpressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate + cancer cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody CCW702 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C169053" + term_id: C169053 + term_version: 20.10d + +antirankl_monoclonal_antibody_gb223: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor activator of nuclear factor + kappa beta ligand (RANKL) with potential antiosteoclast and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, anti-RANKL monoclonal antibody GB-223 specifically binds + to RANKL and blocks the interaction of RANKL with RANK, a receptor located on + osteoclast cell surfaces. This results in the inhibition of osteoclast activity, + a decrease in bone resorption, and a potential increase in bone mineral density. + By blocking the activation of the RANK/RANKL-mediated signaling pathway, GB-223 + may also reduce tumor-associated bone destruction and may result in tumor regression + in bone tumors with high RANK and RANKL expressions. RANKL, a protein expressed + by osteoblastic cells, plays an important role in osteoclastic differentiation + and activation. Both RANKL and RANK are overexpressed in certain bone tumors, + and the RANK/RANKL-mediated signaling pathway plays an important role in certain + bone tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-RANKL Monoclonal Antibody GB-223 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174406" + term_id: C174406 + term_version: 20.10d + +antirankl_monoclonal_antibody_jmt103: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant, human, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed + against the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANKL), + with potential antiosteoclast and bone-sparing activities. Upon administration, + anti-RANKL monoclonal antibody JMT103 specifically binds to RANKL and blocks + the interaction of RANKL with RANK, a receptor located on osteoclast cell surfaces. + This may inhibit osteoclast activity, decrease bone resorption, increase bone + mineral density, and may protect bones from tumor metastasis. This may abrogate + hypercalcemia of malignancy and may correct serum calcium levels. RANKL, a protein + expressed by osteoblastic cells, plays an important role in osteoclastic differentiation + and activation. Both RANKL and RANK are overexpressed in certain bone tumors, + and the RANK/RANKL-mediated signaling pathway plays an important role in certain + bone tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-RANKL Monoclonal Antibody JMT103 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175441" + term_id: C175441 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiribonucleoprotein_antibody_atrc101: + common: + description: >- + An engineered, human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against + a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, anti-RNP antibody ATRC-101 targets and binds + to its RNP complex antigen on tumor cells. This may activate the innate immune + system, change the local tumor microenvironment (TME) and promote T cell-mediated + killing of tumor cells. The tumor-restricted RNP complex is expressed in a variety + of tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-Ribonucleoprotein Antibody ATRC-101 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172924" + term_id: C172924 + term_version: 20.10d + +antiror1pnu159682_derivative_antibodydrug_conjugate_nbe002: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody + against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan + receptor 1 (ROR1) site-specifically conjugated to a derivative of the highly + potent anthracycline PNU-159682, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of NBE-002 targets + and binds to ROR1 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, + the anthracycline-based toxin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase + II. This leads to an inhibition of DNA replication and repair, and prevents + RNA and protein synthesis. This kills the ROR1-expressing cancer cells. In addition, + the PNU-159682 derivate may promote immunogenic cell death (ICD) and activate + a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response, thereby + further killing the ROR1-expressing tumor cells. ROR1, also known as neurotrophic + tyrosine kinase, receptor-related 1 (NTRKR1), is expressed during embryogenesis + and by certain leukemias. It plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation and + survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-ROR1/PNU-159682 Derivative Antibody-drug Conjugate NBE-002 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174012" + term_id: C174012 + term_version: 20.10d + +antitigit_monoclonal_antibody_bgba1217: + common: + description: >- + A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory + molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin + (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), + with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT + monoclonal antibody BGB-A1217 targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various + immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby + preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus + receptor related-2; PRR2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like + protein 5; NECL-5). This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the + costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed + on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells. This leads + to CD226 dimerization and CD226-mediated signaling and activates the immune + system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, + a member of the Ig super family (IgSF) and an immune inhibitory receptor, plays + a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is + involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune + responses. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A1217 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170906" + term_id: C170906 + term_version: 20.10d + +antitigit_monoclonal_antibody_com902: + common: + description: >- + A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune + checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor + tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune + checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody + COM902 targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly + on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction + of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PRR2; + PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5). + This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor + CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, + such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells. This leads to CD226 dimerization + and CD226-mediated signaling and activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated + immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family + (IgSF) and an immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression + of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune + evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody COM902 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174037" + term_id: C174037 + term_version: 20.10d + +antitigit_monoclonal_antibody_sgntgt: + common: + description: >- + A nonfucosylated human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting + the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor + with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif + (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. + Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody SGN-TGT targets and binds + to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating + T-lymphocytes (TILs). This prevents the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands + CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PRR2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus + receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5), and enhances the interaction + of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; + DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells + and CD8+ T-cells. This enhances depletion of TIGIT-positive regulatory T-cells + (Tregs) and activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response + against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family (IgSF) and an immune + inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation + and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition + of antiviral immune responses. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody SGN-TGT + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173630" + term_id: C173630 + term_version: 20.10d + +antitim3_monoclonal_antibody_shr1702: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor, T-cell immunoglobulin + and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular + receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, anti-TIM3 monoclonal antibody SHR-1702 targets + and binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating + lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific + T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which + results in a reduction in tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune + checkpoint receptor, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1702 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172108" + term_id: C172108 + term_version: 20.10d + +antitrailr2cdh17_tetravalent_bispecific_antibody_bi_905711: + common: + description: >- + A tetravalent bispecific antibody targeting both the pro-apoptotic death receptor + tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor + 2 (TRAILR2; death receptor 5; DR5) and cadherin-17 (CDH17), with potential pro-apoptotic + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-TRAILR2/CDH17 tetravalent + bispecific antibody BI 905711, the antibody targets and binds to both TRAILR2 + and CDH17, expressed on tumor cells. Receptor clustering and activation of TRAILR2 + induces apoptosis in CDH17-positive cancer cells. Activation of TRAILR2 plays + a key role in the induction of apoptosis. CDH17-dependent clustering of TRAILR2 + allows BI 905711 to selectively induce apoptosis in CDH17-expressing tumor cells + thereby increasing efficacy and decreasing liver toxicity. CDH17 is overexpressed + in a variety of cancer cell types while its expression is restricted in normal + liver tissue. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-TRAILR2/CDH17 Tetravalent Bispecific Antibody BI 905711 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173541" + term_id: C173541 + term_version: 20.10d + +antitrop2_antibodydrug_conjugate_bat8003: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium + signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) conjugated via an + uncleavable linker to an as of yet undisclosed maytansine derivative toxin, + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-TROP2 + ADC BAT8003, the anti-TROP2 antibody targets and binds to TROP2 expressed on + tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake, the cytotoxic maytansine derivative binds + to tubulin, thereby affecting microtubule assembly and disassembly dynamics. + This inhibits tumor cell proliferation of TROP2-expressing tumor cells. TROP2 + is a transmembrane protein overexpressed in various tumors. Its expression is + associated with enhanced tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, drug resistance and + increased tumor cell survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8003 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172060" + term_id: C172060 + term_version: 20.10d + +antitrop2_antibodydrug_conjugate_skb264: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium + signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) conjugated to an + as of yet undisclosed toxin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration + of the anti-TROP2 ADC SKB264, the anti-TROP2 antibody targets and binds to TROP2 + expressed on tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake, the undisclosed toxin exerts, + through an as of yet not disclosed mechanism of action, its cytotoxic effect. + This inhibits tumor cell proliferation of TROP2-expressing tumor cells. TROP2 + is a transmembrane protein overexpressed in various tumors while its expression + is low and/or restricted in normal, healthy tissues; its expression is associated + with enhanced tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, drug resistance and increased + tumor cell survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate SKB264 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166409" + term_id: C166409 + term_version: 20.10d + +antivegfr2_monoclonal_antibody_msb0254: + common: + description: >- + A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial + growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2; VEGFR2) with potential anti-angiogenesis + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-VEGFR2 monoclonal antibody + MSB0254 specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFR2, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis + and tumor cell proliferation. VEGFR2, a tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an + essential role in angiogenesis and the proliferation, survival, migration and + differentiation of endothelial cells, is overexpressed in certain tumor types. + termDef: + term: >- + Anti-VEGFR2 Monoclonal Antibody MSB0254 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174422" + term_id: C174422 + term_version: 20.10d + +antisense_oligonucleotide_qr313: + common: + description: >- + A twenty-one nucleotide-containing antisense oligonucleotide (AON) with potential + use in the treatment of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) due + to mutations in exon 73 of the COL7A1 gene. Upon topical administration, QR-313 + hybridizes to a specific sequence in COL7A1 pre-mRNA, resulting in exclusion + of exon 73 from mRNA and translation of a functional type VII collagen protein. + This may restore functionality of integument anchoring fibrils, prevent blistering, + and improve wound healing in patients with DEB. Type VII collagen is a major + component of anchoring fibrils, attachment structures that mediate dermal-epidermal + adherence in human skin. DEB is an inherited mechano-bullous disorder caused + by mutations in the COL7A1 gene, which lead to perturbations in anchoring fibrils. + termDef: + term: >- + Antisense Oligonucleotide QR-313 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C162452" + term_id: C162452 + term_version: 20.10d + +apc: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction. It is involved in both adhesion + and migration of cells. + termDef: + term: >- + APC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17567" + term_id: C17567 + term_version: 20.10d + +apobec3b: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in viral DNA cytosine deamination. + termDef: + term: >- + APOBEC3B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C117001" + term_id: C117001 + term_version: 20.10d + +aprinocarsen: + common: + description: >- + A synthetic phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide. As an antisense molecule, + aprinocarsen hybridizes to the 3-untranslated region of the human protein kinase + C (PKC-alpha) mRNA, thereby inhibiting PKC-alpha expression and growth of PKC-alpha-dependent + tumor cells. (NCI04) + termDef: + term: >- + Aprinocarsen + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C1788" + term_id: C1788 + term_version: 20.10d + +aprutumab: + common: + description: >- + An antibody against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2 (FGFR2), with + potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, aprutumab binds to and + inhibits FGFR2, which may result in the inhibition of both FGFR2 phosphorylation + and FGFR2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition + of cell proliferation and the induction of cell death of FGFR2-expressing tumor + cells. FGFR2, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase, + which is essential to tumor cellular proliferation, differentiation and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Aprutumab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C107683" + term_id: C107683 + term_version: 20.10d + +ar: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the transcriptional activation of androgen responsive + genes. + termDef: + term: >- + AR Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C28539" + term_id: C28539 + term_version: 20.10d + +araf: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and the cellular response to mitogens. + termDef: + term: >- + ARAF Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18354" + term_id: C18354 + term_version: 20.10d + +arhgap26: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + ARHGAP26 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97504" + term_id: C97504 + term_version: 20.10d + +arhgap5: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of GTPase activity. + termDef: + term: >- + ARHGAP5 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97279" + term_id: C97279 + term_version: 20.10d + +arhgef12: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both G-protein coupled receptor- and Rho-mediated + signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + ARHGEF12 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97436" + term_id: C97436 + term_version: 20.10d + +arid1a: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + ARID1A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C92530" + term_id: C92530 + term_version: 20.10d + +arid1b: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + ARID1B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102520" + term_id: C102520 + term_version: 20.10d + +arid2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both transcriptional regulation and chromatin remodeling. + termDef: + term: >- + ARID2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101088" + term_id: C101088 + term_version: 20.10d + +arnt: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in xenobiotic metabolism and receptor-ligand mediated + interactions. + termDef: + term: >- + ARNT Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26373" + term_id: C26373 + term_version: 20.10d + +aryl_hydrocarbon_receptor_inhibitor_ik175: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor + (AhR; class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 76; bHLHe76), with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, AhR inhibitor IK-175 + specifically targets and binds to AhR, inhibits AhR activation, prevents AhR-mediated + signaling, and AhR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. Abrogation of AhR activation + prevents the activation of immune-tolerant dendritic cells (DCs), regulatory + T-cells (Tregs) and decreases suppressive cytokines in the tumor microenvironment + (TME). It stimulates cytotoxic T-cell activation and expansion. This may restore + the immune response against tumor cells. AhR, a member of the basic helix-loop-helix/Per-Arnt-Sim + (bHLH/PAS) family of transcription factors, plays key roles in regulating immunity + and cellular differentiation. It mediates the expression of multiple immune + related and tumor cell signal transduction and proliferation genes. + termDef: + term: >- + Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibitor IK-175 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171151" + term_id: C171151 + term_version: 20.10d + +aspacytarabine: + common: + description: >- + A small molecule pro-drug consisting of cytarabine, an antimetabolite analog + of cytidine with a modified arabinose sugar moiety, covalently bonded to asparagine, + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, aspacytarabine + targets cancer cells, which often lack asparagine synthetase and are dependent + on an external source of amino acids due to their high metabolic rate. Once + the prodrug is inside target cells, the cytarabine component is cleaved and + competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA. The arabinose sugar moiety + of cytarabine sterically hinders the rotation of the molecule within DNA, resulting + in cell cycle arrest, specifically during the S phase of replication. Cytarabine + also inhibits DNA polymerase, resulting in a decrease in DNA replication and + repair. Because BST-236 specifically targets cancer cells, it may spare normal + tissues from cytarabine-related toxicities. + termDef: + term: >- + Aspacytarabine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C153327" + term_id: C153327 + term_version: 20.10d + +aspscr1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the modulation of blood glucose levels. + termDef: + term: >- + ASPSCR1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C70991" + term_id: C70991 + term_version: 20.10d + +asunercept: + common: + description: >- + A human, soluble fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of the + CD95 receptor fused to the Fc-domain of the human IgG antibody, with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, asunercept binds to the CD95 ligand + (CD95L) and blocks the binding of CD95L to the CD95 receptor. In tumor cells, + blockage of CD95L-mediated signaling pathways may prevent cell migration and + invasive cell growth; in healthy cells, blockage of CD95L-mediated signaling + pathways may prevent apoptosis and may protect cell damage. Activation of the + CD95 receptor plays an important role in the initiation of apoptosis in healthy + cells or the invasive growth of cancer cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Asunercept + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C90562" + term_id: C90562 + term_version: 20.10d + +asxl1: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in both transcriptional regulation and chromatin remodeling. + termDef: + term: >- + ASXL1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97320" + term_id: C97320 + term_version: 20.10d + +asxl2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both chromatin modification and the positive regulation + of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + ASXL2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C116296" + term_id: C116296 + term_version: 20.10d + +atf1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the modulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + ATF1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C92177" + term_id: C92177 + term_version: 20.10d + +atic: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in purine biosynthesis. + termDef: + term: >- + ATIC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97400" + term_id: C97400 + term_version: 20.10d + +atm: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in apoptosis, DNA repair and cell cycle regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + ATM Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18583" + term_id: C18583 + term_version: 20.10d + +atp1a1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both ion transport and ATP metabolism. + termDef: + term: >- + ATP1A1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C113762" + term_id: C113762 + term_version: 20.10d + +atp2b3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in ATP-dependent calcium transport. + termDef: + term: >- + ATP2B3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C113765" + term_id: C113765 + term_version: 20.10d + +atr: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell cycle checkpoints and DNA recombination. + termDef: + term: >- + ATR Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20560" + term_id: C20560 + term_version: 20.10d + +atr_inhibitor_rp3500: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) + kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ATR + inhibitor RP-3500 selectively targets and inhibits ATR activity and blocks the + downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase checkpoint + kinase 1 (CHK1). This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, which results in the + inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, the disruption of DNA damage + repair, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. ATR, a serine/threonine protein + kinase upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in DNA + repair, cell cycle progression and survival. It is activated by DNA damage caused + during DNA replication-associated stress. + termDef: + term: >- + ATR Inhibitor RP-3500 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174206" + term_id: C174206 + term_version: 20.10d + +atr_kinase_inhibitor_m1774: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) + kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ATR + kinase inhibitor M1774 selectively inhibits ATR activity and blocks the downstream + phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1). + This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, which results in the inhibition of DNA + damage checkpoint activation, the disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction + of tumor cell apoptosis. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated + in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in DNA repair, cell cycle + progression and survival. It is activated by DNA damage caused during DNA replication-associated + stress. + termDef: + term: >- + ATR Kinase Inhibitor M1774 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171067" + term_id: C171067 + term_version: 20.10d + +atrx: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of both chromatin remodeling and transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + ATRX Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C74976" + term_id: C74976 + term_version: 20.10d + +attenuated_measles_virus_encoding_scd_transgene_tmv018: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant, attenuated oncolytic measles virus (MV) encoding the prodrug + converting enzyme super cytosine deaminase (SCD), that can potentially be used + as an antineoplastic adjuvant and with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + intra-tumoral injection, TMV-018 preferentially enters and transfects tumor + cells, and expresses SCD, an enzyme that catalyzes the intracellular conversion + of the prodrug flucytosine (5-fluorocytosine; 5-FC) into the antineoplastic + agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). After administration of 5-FC, the tumor can be + eradicated upon activation of 5-FU by SCD. In addition, the oncolytic MV may + infect and lyse tumor cells. In turn, the lysed tumor cells release various + tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), which induce an immune response against the + tumor cells. This may further eradicate tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Attenuated Measles Virus Encoding SCD Transgene TMV-018 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175440" + term_id: C175440 + term_version: 20.10d + +atuveciclib: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb), which is + composed of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) and cyclin-T (CycT), with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, atuveciclib binds to and inhibits + the activity of P-TEFb, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of its downstream + target, the carboxyl terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II), + and inhibiting the activation of transcriptional elongation by RNA Pol II. This + prevents the transcription of tumor promoting genes, induces tumor cell apoptosis, + and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. P-TEFb plays an important role in the + regulation of gene transcription; over-activation in cancer cells leads to both + the transcription of key tumor-promoting genes and cancer cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + Atuveciclib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C121456" + term_id: C121456 + term_version: 20.10d + +audencel: + common: + description: >- + A therapeutic interleukin-12 (IL-12)-expressing dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccine + composed of autologous monocyte-derived DCs loaded with autologous tumor cell + lysate and exposed to the microbial cell wall component lipopolysaccharide (LPS), + with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The monocyte-derived + immature DCs are loaded with autologous tumor cell lysates and are subsequently + exposed to LPS and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Upon administration of audencel, + the mature DCs migrate into the lymph nodes, express the immune stimulatory + cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) and activate the immune system by promoting + the activation of natural killer (NK) cells and induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which may result in immune-mediated + tumor cell death and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Exposure to LPS + and IFN-gamma allows the maturation of DCs and optimizes the presentation of + tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by DCs to T-lymphocytes. + termDef: + term: >- + Audencel + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C123928" + term_id: C123928 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_afp_specific_t_cell_receptor_transduced_t_cells_ctcr055: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of human autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral + vector encoding for a T-cell receptor (TCR) recognizing the human leukocyte + antigen (HLA)-A*02:01 restricted human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) 158-166 peptide + (FMNKFIYEI), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, + expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the AFP specific TCR + transduced T cells recognize and bind to AFP antigen-positive cells, which results + in lysis and killing of AFP-positive cancer cells. AFP is overexpressed in a + variety of cancers while its expression is restricted in normal tissues. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous AFP Specific T Cell Receptor Transduced T Cells C-TCR055 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173429" + term_id: C173429 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_antibcma_car_tcells_phe885: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered + to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the human tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor + superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + administration, the autologous anti-BCMA CAR T-cells PHE885 recognize and induce + selective toxicity against BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific + antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and + B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor + superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is found + on the surfaces of plasma cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR T-cells PHE885 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174124" + term_id: C174124 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_antibcma_cd8_car_tcells_descartes11: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that have been genetically + modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor + superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-BCMA CD8+ CAR T-cells Descartes-11 + specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor + cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing + ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor + necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma + cell survival. BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and is overexpressed + on malignant plasma cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-BCMA CD8+ CAR T-cells Descartes-11 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173434" + term_id: C173434 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_antibcmacar41bbcd3zetaexpressing_tcells_ccar088: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a vector + expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable + fragment (scFv) specific for the epitome cluster E3 in the extracellular domain + (ECD) of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; + tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) that is fused + to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the T-cell receptor signaling + domain of CD3zeta (CD3z), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing + T-cells C-CAR088 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing + tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing + ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor + necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in the survival + of B-lymphocytes and plasma cells. BCMA is found on the surfaces of B-cells + and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells C-CAR088 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170747" + term_id: C170747 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_anticd123_cart_cells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen + receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD123 (interleukin-3 + receptor alpha chain or IL3RA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD123 CAR-T cells target + and bind to CD123 expressed on the surface of tumor cells. This induces selective + toxicity in CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123, the alpha subunit of the IL-3 + receptor, regulates the proliferation, survival and differentiation of hematopoietic + cells. It is overexpressed on a variety of cancers, including myeloid leukemia, + and the increased expression of CD123 on leukemic stem cells (LSCs) is associated + with poor prognosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-CD123 CAR-T Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171167" + term_id: C171167 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_anticd19_car_tcells_19t228z1xx: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified + to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) CD19, and linked to the co-stimulatory intracellular signaling + domains of CD28 and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (CD28zeta; + CD28z), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon + administration, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR T-cells 19(T2)28z1xx specifically + recognize and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, resulting in specific T-cell-mediated + tumor cell lysis. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen, which + is expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies and normal B-cells. CD28 and + CD3zeta provide co-stimulatory activity and may enhance the cytotoxic effect + and anti-tumor activity of the CAR T-cells. The 19(T2)28z1xx CAR T-cells include + a 1928zeta mutant, 1xx, which contains one instead of all three immunoreceptor + tyrosine-based activation motifs (iTAMs). This may help prevent counterproductive + T-cell differentiation and exhaustion. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells 19(T2)28z1xx + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173622" + term_id: C173622 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_anticd19_car41bbcd3zetaexpressing_tcells_cnct19: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are engineered to express a chimeric + antigen receptor (CAR) composed of an anti-cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) + single chain variable fragment (scFv) linked to the intracellular signaling + domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (TCRzeta; + CD247; CD3zeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells + CNCT19 target, bind to and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor + cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all + B-cell lineage malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CNCT19 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175465" + term_id: C175465 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_anticd19_chimeric_antigen_receptor_tcells_auto1: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified + and transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a second-generation chimeric + antigen receptor (CAR), CAT-41BBz CAR, targeting the tumor-associated antigen + (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR T-cells AUTO1 target and bind + to CD19-expressing tumor cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) + response against CD19-expressing tumor cells and tumor cell lysis. CD19, cluster + of differentiation 19, is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen overexpressed + in B-cell lineage tumors. The CAT-41BBz CAR has a faster off-rate compared with + FMC63-41BBz CAR. This may minimize cytokine release and reduce toxicities, and + enhance persistence of the CAR T-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells AUTO1 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172746" + term_id: C172746 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_anticd19_tact_cells_tac01cd19: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes genetically engineered with a T cell + Antigen Coupler (TAC), comprising of a domain that targets the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD 19) and another domain that + binds to the endogenous T cell receptor (TCR), anchored in the membrane via + the CD4 co-receptor domain, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 TAC-T cells TAC01-CD19 + targets and binds to CD19-expressing tumor cells and activates TCR-mediated + signaling pathways, leading to T cell-mediated killing of CD19-expressing tumor + cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen overexpressed + in B-cell lineage malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-CD19 TAC-T cells TAC01-CD19 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172055" + term_id: C172055 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_anticd19cd20_bispecific_nanobodybased_cart_cells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen + receptor (CAR) that is nanobody-based and specific for the two tumor-associated + antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) and CD20, with potential + immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous + anti-CD19/CD20 bispecific nanobody-based CAR-T cells target and bind to CD19- + and CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor + B-cells expressing these TAAs. Both CD19 and CD20 are B-cell-specific cell surface + antigens overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. Targeting both CD19 and + CD20 may prevent tumor cell antigen escape and relapse. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-CD19/CD20 Bispecific Nanobody-based CAR-T cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172057" + term_id: C172057 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_anticd19carher2tcd22caregfrtexpressing_tcells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes engineered to express dual chimeric + antigen receptors (CARs) consisting of both anti-CD19 and anti-CD22 binding + domains, fused to an as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory domain, and linked + to truncated forms of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2t) and + the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), respectively with potential + immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous + anti-CD19CAR-HER2t/CD22CAR-EGFRt-expressing T-cells bind to CD19 and CD22 on + the surface of, and induce selective toxicity against tumor cells expressing + CD19 and CD22. Devoid of both ligand binding domains and tyrosine kinase activity, + the expressed EGFRt and HER2t facilitate both in vivo detection of the administered, + transduced T-cells and can promote elimination of those cells through an antibody-dependent + cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response. CD19 and CD22, both transmembrane phosphoglycoproteins + expressed on the surface of cells in the B lineage, are often overexpressed + on malignant B-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-HER2t/CD22CAR-EGFRt-expressing T-cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C155897" + term_id: C155897 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_anticd20_car_transduced_cd4cd8_enriched_tcells_mbcart201: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified + to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) CD20 (cluster of differentiation 20), and CD4/CD8 enriched, with + potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + MB-CART20.1 specifically recognize and kill CD20-expressing tumor cells. The + CD20 antigen, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein, is a B-cell specific + cell surface antigen expressed in B-cell lineage malignancies and certain melanoma + cell subpopulations. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-CD20 CAR Transduced CD4/CD8 Enriched T-cells MB-CART20.1 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172063" + term_id: C172063 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_antiegfr_cartransduced_cxcr_5modified_tlymphocytes: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR 5)-modified + T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen + receptor (CAR) targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential + immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous + anti-EGFR CAR-transduced CXCR 5-modified T-lymphocytes target and bind to EGFR-expressing + tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in EGFR-expressing tumor cells. + EGFR, overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in tumor + cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis and radio- and chemoresistance. CXCR5, + and its ligand C-X-C motif chemokine 13 (CXCL13), are associated with a variety + of tumors. CXCR5-CXCL13 interactions may be involved in the regulation of lymphocyte + infiltration within the tumor microenvironment (TME). + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-EGFR CAR-transduced CXCR 5-modified T-lymphocytes + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173958" + term_id: C173958 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_antiflt3_car_t_cells_amg_553: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes genetically engineered with a chimeric + antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen FMS-like tyrosine + kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, the anti-FLT3 CAR T cells AMG 553 target and + bind to tumor cells expressing FLT3, which results in the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL)-mediated cell killing of FLT3-expressing tumor cells. FLT3, a class III + receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage + neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs). + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-FLT3 CAR T Cells AMG 553 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172197" + term_id: C172197 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_antiicam1carcd2841bbcd3zetaexpressing_tcells_aic100: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral + vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing the Inserted + (I) domain variant of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) which + targets intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 or CD54), and the co-stimulatory + signaling domains of CD28, 4-1BB (CD137) and CD3zeta, with potential immunostimulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-ICAM-1-CAR-CD28-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing + T-cells AIC100 recognize and kill ICAM-1-expressing tumor cells. ICAM-1, normally + expressed on leukocytes and endothelial cells, may be overexpressed in a variety + of cancers. CAR T-cells AIC100 are also engineered to express somatostatin receptor + subtype 2 (SSTR2), allowing the imaging of the CAR T-cells in patients. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-ICAM-1-CAR-CD28-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells AIC100 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173378" + term_id: C173378 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_antikappa_light_chain_carcd28expressing_tlymphocytes: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes (ATL) that have been genetically modified + to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the kappa light + chain of immunoglobulin (Ig) and linked to the costimulatory domain of CD28, + with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + the autologous anti-kappa light chain CAR-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes target + and bind to the kappa light chain of Ig expressed on tumor cells, resulting + in T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis. In some B-cell malignancies, the expression + of the Ig light chain kappa may be increased compared to the expression of Ig + light chain lambda. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-kappa Light Chain CAR-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175446" + term_id: C175446 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_antipd1_antibodyactivated_tumorinfiltrating_lymphocytes: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) activated + by an anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) antibody, with potential immunomodulating + activity. The autologous TILs are isolated from an autologous tumor sample and + ex-vivo activated in the presence of anti-PD-1 antibody. Upon infusion of the + autologous anti-PD1 antibody-activated TILs back into the patient, the cells + specifically target and kill the patient's tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-PD-1 Antibody-activated Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172191" + term_id: C172191 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_antipsma_cart_cells_ppsma101: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-cells that are enriched to be primarily stem memory + T-cells (Tscm) and are transfected by electroporation with a proprietary transposon-based + DNA plasmid vector (PiggyBac), encoding both a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) + based on a proprietary non-immunoglobulin scaffold molecule Centyrin (CARTyrin), + which specifically recognizes the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific + membrane antigen (PSMA), and a human-derived safety switch that can be activated + by rimiducid, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, autologous anti-PSMA CAR-T cells P-PSMA-101 specifically + recognize and induce selective toxicity in PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Use + of CARTyrin may elicit less immunotoxicity than CAR T-cells based on antibody-derived + single chain variable fragments (scFv), and may allow for increased persistence + and decreased exhaustion for the administered T-cells. If significant side effects + occur, the safety switch mechanism can be activated by the administration of + rimiducid, which results in the rapid attenuation or elimination of P-PSMA-101. + PSMA is overexpressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate + cancer cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Anti-PSMA CAR-T Cells P-PSMA-101 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175511" + term_id: C175511 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_bcmatargeted_car_t_cells_cc98633: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified + to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the B-cell maturation + antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), + with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T cells CC-98633 specifically recognize and kill + BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor specific antigen and a receptor for + both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), + is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily and plays + a key role in plasma cell survival; it is found on the surfaces of plasma cells + and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells CC-98633 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173699" + term_id: C173699 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_bispecific_bcmacd19targeted_cart_cells_gc012f: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express two separate + chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) + BCMA and CD19 and fused to as of yet not fully elucidated co-stimulatory domains, + with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + the autologous bispecific BCMA/CD19-targeted CAR-T cells GC012F specifically + and simultaneously target and bind to tumor cells expressing BCMA and/or CD19. + This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells that express BCMA and/or CD19. + BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing + ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor + necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in the survival + of B-lymphocytes and plasma cells. BCMA is found on the surfaces of B-cells + and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. CD19 is a B-cell-specific cell + surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. The processing + platform used, FasT CAR-T, shortens the manufacturing time to produce the CAR-T + cells within 24 hours. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Bispecific BCMA/CD19-targeted CAR-T Cells GC012F + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175471" + term_id: C175471 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_bispecific_cd19cd22targeted_cart_cells_gc022: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes engineered to express chimeric + T-cell receptors (chimeric antigen receptors or CARs) targeting the tumor-associated + antigens (TAAs) CD19 and CD22 and fused to as of yet not fully elucidated co-stimulatory + domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon + administration, the autologous bispecific CD19/CD22-targeted CAR-T cells GC022 + bind to CD19 and CD22 on the surface of, and induce selective toxicity against, + tumor cells expressing CD19 and CD22. CD19 and CD22, both transmembrane phosphoglycoproteins + expressed on the surface of cells in the B lineage, are overexpressed on malignant + B-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Bispecific CD19/CD22-targeted CAR-T Cells GC022 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171093" + term_id: C171093 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_cd19_carexpressing_cd4cd8_tcells_mbcart191: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of CD4+ and CD8+ autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with the + lentiviral vector pLTG1563 expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific + for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the autologous + CD19 CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-cells MB-CART19.1 are directed to and induce + selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell + specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous CD19 CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-cells MB-CART19.1 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172103" + term_id: C172103 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_cd19targeted_car_t_cells_cc97540: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified + to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, autologous CD19-targeted CAR T cells CC-97540 specifically + target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells. This results in a cytotoxic + T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor cells and tumor cell + lysis. CD19, cluster of differentiation 19, is a B-cell-specific cell surface + antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous CD19-targeted CAR T Cells CC-97540 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175049" + term_id: C175049 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_cd19targeted_cart_cells_gc007f: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified + to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable + fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19 coupled to as of yet not fully elucidated co-stimulatory + molecules, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon + transfusion, autologous CD19-targeted CAR-T cells GC007F target and bind to + CD19-expressing neoplastic B-cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor cells, the release of cytotoxic + molecules and the induction of tumor cell lysis. CD19, cluster of differentiation + 19, is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage + tumors. The processing platform used, FasT (F) CAR-T, shortens the manufacturing + time to produce the CAR-T cells within 24 hours. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous CD19-targeted CAR-T Cells GC007F + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171092" + term_id: C171092 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_cd19pd1_bispecific_cart_cells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are transduced with a lentiviral + vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) and a programmed cell death + protein 1 (PD1)/CD28 chimera, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous CD19/PD-1 bispecific + CAR-T cells target and bind to CD19 and the PD-1 ligands, programmed cell death + ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 2 (PD-L2), expressed on tumor cells. The binding to CD19 + leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor + cells and cell lysis of these cells. The binding of the PD1/CD28 chimera to + PD-L1 prevents the normal PD1/PD-L1-mediated T-cell suppression and, instead, + promotes signaling through the CD28 domain, which results in the stimulation + of T-lymphocytes. This enhances T-lymphocyte proliferation and anti-tumor activity. + CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell + lineage malignancies. PD-1 protein, found on activated T-cells, negatively regulates + T-cell activity. It plays a key role in immune evasion and prevents tumor cell + lysis. The construct of the PD1/CD28 chimera converts PD-L1 into a co-stimulation + ligand of primary human CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). CD28 is a costimulatory + molecule expressed by T-cells that enhances T-lymphocyte proliferation and activity. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous CD19/PD-1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172387" + term_id: C172387 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_clonal_neoantigen_t_cells_atl001: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of personalized tumor-derived T-lymphocytes composed of tumor + infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) that are reactive to clonal cancer neoantigens, + with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The TILs are + removed from the suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and re-activated. + Upon reintroduction into the patient, the clonal neoantigen T (cNeT) cells recognize + and bind to tumor cells expressing the targeted neoantigen, resulting in a cytotoxic + T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the patient's tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Clonal Neoantigen T Cells ATL001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171097" + term_id: C171097 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_crispredited_anticd19_car_t_cells_xyf19: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector + encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) CD19, and electroporated with clustered regularly interspaced + short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) guide RNA to disrupt expression of endogenous + hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1), with potential immunostimulating and + antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction into the patient, the autologous + CRISPR-edited anti-CD19 CAR T-cells XYF19 recognize and bind to CD19-overexpressing + tumor cells. This may result in a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + killing of CD19-positive tumor cells. Disrupting the expression of HPK1 may + enhance immune response and autoimmunity. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific + cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. HPK1 is a + Ste20-like serine/threonine kinase that suppresses immune responses and autoimmunity. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous CRISPR-edited Anti-CD19 CAR T Cells XYF19 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170914" + term_id: C170914 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_monocytederived_lysatepulsed_dendritic_cell_vaccine_pv001dc: + common: + description: >- + A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous, monocyte-derived dendritic + cells (mDCs) pulsed with tumor cell lysate containing tumor associated antigens + (TAAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon + administration,the autologous tumor cell lysate-pulsed mDCs vaccine PV-001-DC + may stimulate an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against + tumor cells expressing the patient's tumor cell-specific TAAs, which may result + in tumor cell lysis. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Monocyte-derived Lysate-pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine PV-001-DC + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173442" + term_id: C173442 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_multilineage_potential_cells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous multi-lineage potential cells (AMPC) which were + induced to de-differentiate from somatic leukocytes from peripheral blood, with + potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction + into the patient, the AMPC may help replace the abnormal cells in the body to + create healthy bone marrow in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Multi-lineage Potential Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170908" + term_id: C170908 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_nectin4faptargeted_cart_cells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen + receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) nectin-4 and + cell surface protein fibroblast activation protein (FAP), and additionally an + inducible expression cassette encoding transgenic interleukin (IL) 7 (IL-7) + or 12 (IL-12), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon intratumoral administration, the autologous nectin-4/FAP-targeted CAR-T + cells target and bind to nectin-4-expressing tumor cells and FAP-expressing + cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs). This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL) response against nectin-4-expressing tumor cells and FAP-expressing CAFs, + leading to cell lysis of these cells. Upon the binding to nectin-4 and FAP and + the activation of the CAR-T cells, cytokine IL-7 or IL-12 is also released. + This further augments the immune responses against the tumor cells, which may + include the attack of nectin-4-negative tumor cells by tumor necrosis factor + alpha (TNFa). Nectin-4, a TAA belonging to the nectin family, is overexpressed + in a variety of cancers, including breast, bladder, lung and pancreatic cancer. + FAP, a cell surface glycoprotein, is overexpressed on CAFs but minimally expressed + on normal, healthy cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Nectin-4/FAP-targeted CAR-T Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172386" + term_id: C172386 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_nkg2d_car_tcells_cyad02: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified + and transduced with a retroviral vector to co-express a chimeric antigen receptor + (CAR) encoding human natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D + or KLRK1) with a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting MHC class I chain-related + protein A (MICA) and MICB, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon infusion back into the patient, autologous NKG2D CAR T-cells + CYAD-02 specifically recognize and bind to tumor cells expressing NKG2D ligands, + resulting in the lysis of NKG2D ligand-expressing tumor cells. In addition, + CYAD-02 targets, binds to and kills NKG2D ligand expressing tumor-associated + endothelial cells in the neovasculature and immunosuppressive cells, such as + regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the + tumor microenvironment (TME) that express NKG2D ligands. It also activates macrophages + within the TME. Ligands for NKG2D, such as MICA, MICB, and members of the UL16-binding + proteins (ULBP)/retinoic acid early transcript 1 (RAET1) family, are overexpressed + on infected cells and most cancer cell types, but are not expressed on most + normal, healthy cells. NKG2D, a dimeric, type II transmembrane protein expressed + on human natural killer (NK) and certain T-cells, in association with the natural + adaptive protein DAP10, promotes the elimination of NKG2D ligand-expressing + cells. The shRNA downregulates the expression of MICA and MICB on the CAR-T + cells, which increases in-vitro cell expansion. This may enhance their persistence + and increase anti-tumor activity. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous NKG2D CAR T-cells CYAD-02 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173710" + term_id: C173710 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_pancreatic_adenocarcinoma_lysate_and_mrnaloaded_dendritic_cell_vaccine: + common: + description: >- + A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded + with pancreatic adenocarcinoma lysate and mRNA containing and encoding tumor + associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration by perinodal injection using ultrasound guidance, + the autologous pancreatic adenocarcinoma lysate and mRNA-loaded DC vaccine may + stimulate an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor + cells expressing the patient's tumor cell-specific TAAs, which may result in + tumor cell lysis. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Lysate and mRNA-loaded Dendritic Cell + Vaccine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173968" + term_id: C173968 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_peripheral_blood_lymphocytes_from_ibrutinibtreated_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia_patients_iov2001: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) harvested from + chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients previously treated with the Brutons' + tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib with potential immunostimulating and + antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, IOV-2001 generates + an enhanced cytotoxic T-cell response against autologous leukemic B-cells in + patients who have relapsed during treatment with ibrutinib. IOV-2001 is mostly + comprised of T-cells of which the majority are of the effector memory phenotype + which augments the specificity of the immune response. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Ibrutinib-treated Chronic Lymphocytic + Leukemia Patients IOV-2001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167208" + term_id: C167208 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_rapamycinresistant_th1tc1_cells_rapa201: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous rapamycin-resistant Th1/Tc1 cells, with potential + immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, autologous rapamycin-resistant + Th1/Tc1 cells RAPA-201 may recognize and kill tumor cells. Ex-vivo induction + of rapamycin-resistance may increase the persistence of T-cells after adoptive + transfer. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Rapamycin-resistant Th1/Tc1 Cells RAPA-201 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174405" + term_id: C174405 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_tcrmexpressing_tcells_et140203: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral + vector to express a T-cell receptor mimetic (TCRm) construct targeting as of + yet undisclosed tumor associated antigen(s) (TAA), with potential immunomodulatory + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous TCRm-expressing + T-cells ET140203 specifically recognize and selectively bind to the as of yet + undisclosed TAA(s). This results in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing + of tumor cells expressing the TAA(s). + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140203 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175306" + term_id: C175306 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_tetravalent_dendritic_cell_vaccine_midrix4lung: + common: + description: >- + A therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of autologous, dendritic cells (DCs) that + have been loaded with a proprietary selection of four antigens that covers more + than ninety percent of all non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, with + potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + autologous tetravalent dendritic cell vaccine MIDRIX4-LUNG may induce and stimulate + both T-helper and antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses, leading + to tumor cell lysis in patients with NSCLC. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Tetravalent Dendritic Cell Vaccine MIDRIX4-LUNG + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168775" + term_id: C168775 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_tumor_infiltrating_lymphocytes_ln145s1: + common: + description: >- + A proprietary preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), + with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The autologous + TILs are isolated from an autologous tumor sample and expanded ex vivo in the + presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2). Upon infusion of the autologous TILs LN-145-S1 + back into the patient, the cells specifically recognize, target and kill the + patient's tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145-S1 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173508" + term_id: C173508 + term_version: 20.10d + +autologous_universal_carexpressing_tlymphocytes_unicar02t: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that has been genetically engineered + to express a fully humanized, universal, second generation chimeric antigen + receptor (CAR) with a CD28/CD3zeta co-stimulatory domain, and a binding domain + that can recognize a peptide motive of an antigen-specific targeting module + (TM), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + autologous universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UniCAR02-T remain inactivated. + Upon administration of an antigen-specific TM, the binding domain of UniCAR02-T + binds to the nuclear antigen motif of the TM, and UniCAR02-T is activated when + the antigen-binding moiety of the TM binds to the specific antigen expressed + on tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in and causes lysis of tumor + cells expressing the specific antigen. + termDef: + term: >- + Autologous Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UniCAR02-T + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175463" + term_id: C175463 + term_version: 20.10d + +avdoralimab: + common: + description: >- + A human monoclonal antibody targeting the C5a receptor (C5aR), with potential + immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, avdoralimab specifically targets, + binds to and blocks C5aR expressed on subsets of myeloid-derived suppressor + cells (MDSCs) and neutrophils. This prevents the binding of its ligand C5a to + C5aR and prevents the C5aR-mediated activation and accumulation of these cells + in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and abrogates the secretion of inflammatory + and angiogenic factors by these cells. This results in the activation of T- + and natural killer (NK) cells, the induction of anti-tumor immune responses + and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. C5a, a factor in the complement cascade, + is often overexpressed in tumors, where it attracts and activates MDSCs and + neutrophils in the TME. + termDef: + term: >- + Avdoralimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C163020" + term_id: C163020 + term_version: 20.10d + +aviscumine: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant protein that inactivates the ribosome with potential antineoplastic + and immunomodulating activities. Aviscumine binds to the cell surface sialyltransferase + CD75 and is internalized; intracellularly, aviscumine cleaves an adenine-specific + N-glycosidic bond on the 28S ribosomal subunit, which may result in tumor cell + apoptosis. This agent has also been shown to activate natural killer (NK) cells, + induce cytokine receptor expression, and stimulate the release of cytokines. + CD75 is expressed on mature B-cells and subsets of T-cells and erythrocytes. + termDef: + term: >- + Aviscumine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C78188" + term_id: C78188 + term_version: 20.10d + +axalimogene_filolisbac: + common: + description: >- + A cancer vaccine containing a live-attenuated strain of the bacterium Listeria + monocytogenes (Lm) encoding human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7 fused to a + non-hemolytic listeriolysin O protein with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic + activities. Upon vaccination with axalimogene filolisbac, Listeria expresses + the HPV 16 E7 antigen and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing HPV 16 E7. This may result in + tumor cell lysis. In addition, the Listeria vector itself may induce a potent + immune response. HPV 16 E7, a cell surface glycoprotein and tumor associated + antigen, is overexpressed in the majority of cervical cancer cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Axalimogene Filolisbac + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C74595" + term_id: C74595 + term_version: 20.10d + +axatilimab: + common: + description: >- + A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against colony-stimulating + factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous + administration, axatilimab binds to the ligand binding domain of CSF-1R, preventing + binding and consequent activation by its natural ligands, IL-34 and colony-stimulating + factor 1 (CSF-1). Inhibition of CSF-1R activation may disrupt the activity of + tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which promote initiation and metastasis + of tumor cells, inhibit T-cell responses, and stimulate tumor angiogenesis and + disease progression. CSF-1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor + receptor (M-CSFR) and cluster of differentiation 115 (CD115), is a tyrosine-protein + kinase that plays an essential role in the regulation, proliferation, survival + and differentiation of tissue macrophages as well as TAMs. + termDef: + term: >- + Axatilimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C155813" + term_id: C155813 + term_version: 20.10d + +axillary: + common: + description: >- + One of approximately 20-30 lymph nodes in chain formation that traverse the + concavity of the underarm to the clavicle. + termDef: + term: >- + Axillary Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C12904" + term_id: C12904 + term_version: 20.10d + +axin1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and is involved in development. + termDef: + term: >- + AXIN1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C19969" + term_id: C19969 + term_version: 20.10d + +axin2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in signal transduction and plays a role in development. + termDef: + term: >- + AXIN2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20763" + term_id: C20763 + term_version: 20.10d + +axl_inhibitor_slc391: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase + AXL (UFO), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon + oral administration, SLC-391 targets, binds to and prevents the activation of + AXL. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits both + AXL-mediated tumor cell growth, proliferation and migration and AXL-mediated + immunosuppression. AXL, a member of the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of receptor + tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed by many tumor cell types and also expressed + in a variety of immune cells including macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, + and regulatory T-cells (Tregs). It plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, + survival, invasion and metastasis, and is a mediator of immunosuppression. Its + expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis. + termDef: + term: >- + AXL Inhibitor SLC-391 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173362" + term_id: C173362 + term_version: 20.10d + +axl_flt3vegfr2_inhibitor_kc1036: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of three receptor tyrosine kinases: AXL (UFO), + FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (Flt3; CD135; fetal liver kinase-2; Flk2), and the + vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), with potential + anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, KC1036 + targets, binds to and prevents the activation of AXL, FLT3 and VEGFR2. This + blocks AXL, FLT3 and VEGFR2-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits + both AXL-, FLT3- and VEGFR2-mediated proliferation of tumor cells and the VEGFR2-mediated + proliferation, survival and migration of endothelial cells. AXL, a member of + the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed + by many tumor cell types and also expressed in a variety of immune cells including + macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and regulatory T-cells (Tregs). It plays + a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis, and + is a mediator of immunosuppression. Its expression is associated with drug resistance + and poor prognosis. FLT3, a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed + or mutated in most B lineage and acute myeloid leukemias. VEGFR2 is frequently + overexpressed by a variety of tumor types and tumor-associated endothelial cells. + termDef: + term: >- + AXL/ FLT3/VEGFR2 Inhibitor KC1036 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173961" + term_id: C173961 + term_version: 20.10d + +axlmer_inhibitor_pf07265807: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) Axl (UFO) and Mer, with + potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Axl/Mer inhibitor PF-07265807 + specifically targets and binds to both Axl and Mer, and prevents their activity. + This blocks Axl- and Mer-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits + proliferation and migration of Axl- and Mer-overexpressing tumor cells. Axl + and Mer, both members of the TAM (Tyro3, Axl and Mer) family of RTKs, are overexpressed + by many tumor cell types. They play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, + invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis, and their expression is associated with + drug resistance and poor prognosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Axl/Mer Inhibitor PF-07265807 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175543" + term_id: C175543 + term_version: 20.10d + +azintuxizumab_vedotin: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody targeting CS1 (SLAMF7/CD319) + that is conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl + auristatin E (MMAE), via a cathepsin-cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of azintuxizumab vedotin + binds to CS1-expressing tumor cells and is internalized, thereby delivering + MMAE intracellularly. Upon cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its + polymerization, resulting in G2/M checkpoint arrest and apoptosis in CS1-expressing + tumor cells. CS1 is a cell surface glycoprotein belonging to the CD2 subset + of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and is expressed with high levels and + prevalence on multiple myeloma (MM) cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Azintuxizumab Vedotin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122816" + term_id: C122816 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcell_genotyping: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the genomic DNA sequences in a subject's B-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + B-Cell Genotyping Assay + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171142" + term_id: C171142 + term_version: 20.10d + +b2m: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in immune responses. + termDef: + term: >- + B2M Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C62660" + term_id: C62660 + term_version: 20.10d + +balstilimab: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell + surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1, PCD-1; PDCD1) protein, with + potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + balstilimab binds to PD-1, and thereby blocks its binding to the PD-1 ligand + programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and prevents the activation of its + downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the + activation of cytotoxic T-cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin + superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation + and effector function when activated by its ligand; it plays an important role + in tumor evasion from host immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + Balstilimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C136465" + term_id: C136465 + term_version: 20.10d + +bap1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cellular growth regulation and is purported to have + tumor suppression activity. + termDef: + term: >- + BAP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20766" + term_id: C20766 + term_version: 20.10d + +bard1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cellular response and is susceptible to oncogenic + mutations in breast and ovarian cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + BARD1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20715" + term_id: C20715 + term_version: 20.10d + +basophil: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the absolute number of basophils in a blood sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Total Basophil Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C64470" + term_id: C64470 + term_version: 20.10d + +bazlitoran: + common: + description: >- + An oligonucleotide targeted to the mRNA of MYD88 L265P, a mutant form of the + linker protein MYD88, with potential antitumor activity. Bazlitoran binds to + and inhibits the translation of mutated MYD88 L265P mRNA. This prevents overactivation + of signaling pathways mediated by toll-like receptors (TLRs) 7, 8, and 9, nuclear + factor-kappa B (NF-kB) activity, Janus-associated kinases-signal transducer + and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling and the production of various + cytokines. Together, this leads to an induction of apoptosis and an inhibition + of tumor cell proliferation in MYD88 L265P-expressing tumor cells. MYD88, a + key adaptor protein in the TLR signaling pathway, is mutated in a variety of + B-cell lymphomas, including Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) and activated + B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ABC-DLBCL). + termDef: + term: >- + Bazlitoran + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C114975" + term_id: C114975 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcl2_inhibitor_bgb11417: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma + 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon + oral administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor BGB-11417 specifically binds to and inhibits + the activity of the pro-survival protein Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes + and inhibits cell proliferation in Bcl-2-overexpressing tumor cells. Bcl-2, + a protein that belongs to the Bcl-2 family, is overexpressed in various tumor + cell types and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis. + Its tumor expression is associated with increased drug resistance and cancer + cell survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Bcl-2 Inhibitor BGB-11417 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175489" + term_id: C175489 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcl2_inhibitor_lp108: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma + 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon + oral administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor LP-108 targets, binds to and inhibits the + activity of Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 is + overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation + of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and + tumor cell survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Bcl-2 Inhibitor LP-108 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173536" + term_id: C173536 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcl10: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the promotion of apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + BCL10 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24259" + term_id: C24259 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcl11a: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both the modulation of cell shape and lymphopoiesis. + termDef: + term: >- + BCL11A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97394" + term_id: C97394 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcl11b: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in tumor suppression, signaling and T cell development. + termDef: + term: >- + BCL11B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C91855" + term_id: C91855 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcl2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in apoptotic regulation. Overexpression of this gene promotes + the pathogenesis of B-Cell lymphomas, due to anti-apoptotic activity. + termDef: + term: >- + BCL2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17963" + term_id: C17963 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcl2l12: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + BCL2L12 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C114743" + term_id: C114743 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcl3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional co-activation and signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + BCL3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18360" + term_id: C18360 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcl6: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional repression and plays a role in the + modulation of B-cell responses. + termDef: + term: >- + B-Cell Lymphoma 6 Protein + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24260" + term_id: C24260 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcl7a: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + BCL7A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24261" + term_id: C24261 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcl9: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and is involved in development. + termDef: + term: >- + BCL9 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24262" + term_id: C24262 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcl9l: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the coactivation of gene transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + BCL9L Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C132328" + term_id: C132328 + term_version: 20.10d + +bclaf1: + common: + description: >- + Human BCLAF1 wild-type allele is located within 6q22-q23 and is approximately + 33 kb in length. This allele, which encodes Bcl-2-associated transcription factor + 1 protein, plays a role in both apoptosis promotion and the repression of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + BCLAF1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C115994" + term_id: C115994 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcmacd19_compound_car_t_cells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing + a compound chimeric antigen receptor (cCAR) containing two distinct units of + CARs, one specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation + antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) + and one specific for the TAA CD19, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, the BCMA-CD19 cCAR T cells specifically and + simultaneously target and bind to tumor cells expressing BCMA and/or CD19. This + induces selective toxicity in tumor cells that express BCMA and/or CD19. BCMA, + a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand + (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis + factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in the survival of + B-lymphocytes and plasma cells. BCMA is found on the surfaces of B-cells and + is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. CD19 is a B-cell-specific cell surface + antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. Targeting two different + antigens may improve coverage and protect against antigen escape and relapse + as it is less likely for tumor cells to lose both antigens. + termDef: + term: >- + BCMA-CD19 Compound CAR T Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174412" + term_id: C174412 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcmacd3e_trispecific_tcell_activating_construct_hpn217: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant antibody derivative composed of tri-specific T-cell activating + construct (TriTAC) directed against the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) + B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), the epsilon domain of CD3 antigen + (CD3e) found on T-lymphocytes, and albumin, with potential immunostimulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, BCMA/CD3e TriTAC HPN217 + targets and binds to BCMA on tumor cells and CD3e on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes + (CTLs), thereby bringing BCMA-expressing tumor cells and CTLs together, which + results in the CTL-mediated cell death of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. The albumin-binding + domain targets and binds to serum albumin, thereby extending the serum half-life + of HPN217. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily + (TNFRSF), is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells and plays a key role in + plasma cell survival. + termDef: + term: >- + BCMA/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN217 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171631" + term_id: C171631 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcor: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the repression of gene transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + BCOR Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101091" + term_id: C101091 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcorl1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the inhibition of gene expression. + termDef: + term: >- + BCORL1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C131268" + term_id: C131268 + term_version: 20.10d + +bcr: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + BCR Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18455" + term_id: C18455 + term_version: 20.10d + +belantamab_mafodotin: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of belantamab, an afucosylated, + humanized monoclonal antibody, directed against the B-cell maturation antigen + (BCMA), conjugated to mafodotin, an auristatin analogue and microtubule inhibitor + monomethyl auristatin phenylalanine (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon administration of belantamab mafodotin, the anti-BCMA antibody moiety selectively + binds to BCMA on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internalization, the MMAF moiety + binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase + arrest and induces tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, belantamab mafodotin induces + antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Altogether, this results in + the inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress BCMA. + BCMA, a receptor for a proliferation-inducing ligand and B-cell activating factor, + is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily and plays + a key role in plasma cell survival; it is found on the surfaces of plasma cells + and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. Afucosylation of the antibody moiety + increases ADCC. + termDef: + term: >- + Belantamab Mafodotin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C114299" + term_id: C114299 + term_version: 20.10d + +belapectin: + common: + description: >- + A carbohydrate-based galectin inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. + Belapectin binds to the carbohydrate-binding domain of galectins, especially + galectin-3, and may result in an induction of apoptosis mediated through activation + of both mitochondria and caspases. This may reduce tumor growth in galectin-overexpressing + tumor cells. Galectins, often overexpressed on tumor cells, play a key role + in cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, tumor angiogenesis and evasion of immune + responses. + termDef: + term: >- + Belapectin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C115111" + term_id: C115111 + term_version: 20.10d + +belvarafenib: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of members of the Raf family of serine/threonine + protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, + belvarafenib binds to and inhibits the B-Raf mutant V600E and C-Raf. This inhibits + B-Raf V600E- and C-Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, thereby inhibiting + tumor cell growth of susceptible tumor cells. In addition, belvarafenib may + also inhibit mutated Ras proteins. Raf protein kinases play a key role in the + Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-related + kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, which is often dysregulated in human cancers + and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. The Raf mutation + B-Raf V600E, where the valine at residue 600 is substituted for glutamic acid, + is frequently overexpressed in a variety of human tumors and results in the + constitutive activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. + termDef: + term: >- + Belvarafenib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C121646" + term_id: C121646 + term_version: 20.10d + +belzutifan: + common: + description: >- + An orally active, small molecule inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha + (HIF-2a), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, + belzutifan binds to and blocks the function of HIF-2alpha, thereby preventing + HIF-2alpha heterodimerization and its subsequent binding to DNA. This results + in decreased transcription and expression of HIF-2alpha downstream target genes, + many of which regulate hypoxic signaling. This inhibits cell growth and survival + of HIF-2alpha-expressing tumor cells. HIF-2alpha, the alpha subunit for the + heterodimeric transcription factor HIF-2, is overexpressed in many cancers and + promotes tumorigenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + Belzutifan + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C135627" + term_id: C135627 + term_version: 20.10d + +benign: + common: + description: >- + A genetic variant that is known to not contribute to the development of a disease. + termDef: + term: >- + Variant Benign + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168802" + term_id: C168802 + term_version: 20.10d + +bersanlimab: + common: + description: >- + A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against intercellular adhesion + molecule-1 (ICAM-1 or CD54), with potential antineoplastic activity. Bersanlimab + selectively binds to the adhesion protein ICAM-1, which may result in antibody-dependent + cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), hyper-cross-linking-induced apoptosis, and a decrease + in cellular proliferation of ICAM-1-expressing tumor cells. ICAM-1, normally + expressed on leukocytes and endothelial cells, may be overexpressed in a variety + of cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + Bersanlimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C88327" + term_id: C88327 + term_version: 20.10d + +berzosertib: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and rad3-related (ATR) kinase, a DNA damage + response kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, + berzosertib selectively binds to and inhibits ATR kinase activity and prevents + ATR-mediated signaling in the ATR-checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) signaling pathway. + This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, + and induces tumor cell apoptosis. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated + in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in DNA repair, cell cycle + progression, and survival; it is activated by DNA damage caused during DNA replication-associated + stress. + termDef: + term: >- + Berzosertib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C116355" + term_id: C116355 + term_version: 20.10d + +betaglucin_gel: + common: + description: >- + A soluble gel containing the beta-glucan betaglucin, with potential immunostimulating + activity. Upon topical administration of the betaglucin gel, betaglucin is able + to increase the number of macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells. NK cells + and macrophages may kill a variety of tumor cells, and virally infected cells. + This may treat human papillomavirus (HPV)-related anogenital warts. + termDef: + term: >- + Betaglucin Gel + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172188" + term_id: C172188 + term_version: 20.10d + +bexmarilimab: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against common lymphatic endothelial and vascular + endothelial receptor-1 (CLEVER-1; stabilin-1; FEEL-1), with potential immunomodulatory + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, bexmarilimab targets and + binds to CLEVER-1 that is expressed on tumor endothelial cells. This prevents + the recruitment, infiltration and attachment of tumor-associated macrophages + (TAMs) at the tumor site. By preventing the binding of TAMs to tumor cells, + the infiltration of activated T-regulatory cells (Tregs) to the tumor and the + TAM-mediated immune suppression is abrogated, leading to the polarization of + TAM from the immunosuppressive M2 macrophages to the anti-inflammatory and immunostimulatory + M1 macrophages. This leads to the activation of the immune system, resulting + in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response and inhibition of + tumor cell growth and metastasis. CLEVER-1 is an endothelial cell surface molecule + involved in immune suppression, cancer growth and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + Bexmarilimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C159536" + term_id: C159536 + term_version: 20.10d + +birc3: + common: + description: >- + This anti-apoptotic gene regulates apoptotic activity. BIRC3 gene promotes tumor + cell survival. + termDef: + term: >- + BIRC3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20356" + term_id: C20356 + term_version: 20.10d + +birc6: + common: + description: >- + This gene regulates the apoptotic program via signal transduction in the ubiquitination + pathway. + termDef: + term: >- + BIRC6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20352" + term_id: C20352 + term_version: 20.10d + +bispecific_antibody_agen1223: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific antibody that simultaneously binds to two different and as of yet + undisclosed antigens co-expressed specifically on tumor-infiltrating regulatory + T-cells (Tregs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, AGEN1223 targets and binds to the two antigens co-expressed + specifically on tumor-infiltrating Tregs. This leads to the selective depletion + of immunosuppressive Tregs in the tumor microenvironment (TME), while sparing + peripheral Tregs and effector T-cells, enhancing the overall antitumor response. + AGEN1223 may also co-stimulate antigen-specific effector T-cells, resulting + in tumor cell death. + termDef: + term: >- + Bispecific Antibody AGEN1223 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171161" + term_id: C171161 + term_version: 20.10d + +bispecific_antibody_amg_509: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific antibody that simultaneously binds to two different and as of yet + undisclosed antigens, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, AMG 509 targets and binds to the two antigens. This may + modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and may enhance an immune-mediated + antitumor response. + termDef: + term: >- + Bispecific Antibody AMG 509 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168580" + term_id: C168580 + term_version: 20.10d + +bispecific_antibody_gs1423: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific antibody that simultaneously binds two different as of yet undisclosed + antigens, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon + administration, GS-1423 targets and binds the two antigens. This may modulate + the tumor microenvironment (TME) and may enhance an immune-mediated antitumor + response. + termDef: + term: >- + Bispecific Antibody GS-1423 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167206" + term_id: C167206 + term_version: 20.10d + +bite_antibody_amg_910: + common: + description: >- + A half-life extended (HLE), bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody that simultaneously + binds to two different and as of yet undisclosed antigens, with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AMG 910 targets and binds + to the two antigens. This may modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and + may enhance an immune-mediated antitumor response. + termDef: + term: >- + BiTE Antibody AMG 910 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170815" + term_id: C170815 + term_version: 20.10d + +bizalimogene_ralaplasmid: + common: + description: >- + A DNA vaccine consisting of plasmids encoding the E6 and E7 genes of human papilloma + virus (HPV) subtypes 16 and 18, respectively, with potential immunostimulating + and antineoplastic activities. Administered via intramuscular electroporation, + bizalimogene ralaplasmid expresses E6 and E7 proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic + T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cervical cancer cells expressing E6 and + E7 proteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis. HPV type 16 and HPV type 18 are + the most common HPV types involved in cervical carcinogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + Bizalimogene Ralaplasmid + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C77909" + term_id: C77909 + term_version: 20.10d + +blm: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in DNA unwinding and recombination-mediated telomere + lengthening. + termDef: + term: >- + BLM Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20805" + term_id: C20805 + term_version: 20.10d + +blood_urea_nitrogen: + common: + description: >- + A quantitative measurement of the amount of urea nitrogen present in a serum + sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Blood Urea Nitrogen Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C61019" + term_id: C61019 + term_version: 20.10d + +bmp5: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of mesenchymal differentiation. It + is involved in cartilage and bone formation. + termDef: + term: >- + BMP5 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21353" + term_id: C21353 + term_version: 20.10d + +bmpr1a: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway. + termDef: + term: >- + BMPR1A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21366" + term_id: C21366 + term_version: 20.10d + +bomedemstat: + common: + description: >- + An orally available, irreversible inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 + (LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bomedemstat + binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of + target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position + 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4. LSD1 inhibition enhances + H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor suppressor genes. In + addition, LSD1 demethylates mono- or di-methylated H3K9 which increases gene + expression of tumor promoting genes; thus, inhibition of LSD1 also promotes + H3K9 methylation and decreases transcription of these genes. Altogether, this + may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. + LSD1, an enzyme belonging to the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent + amine oxidase family is overexpressed in certain tumor cells and plays a key + role in the regulation of gene expression, tumor cell growth and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Bomedemstat + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C131827" + term_id: C131827 + term_version: 20.10d + +braf: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell organization/biogenesis and the inhibition of + apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + BRAF Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18363" + term_id: C18363 + term_version: 20.10d + +braf_inhibitor_bgb3245: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of both monomer and dimer forms of activating + mutations of the serine/threonine-protein kinase BRAF (B-raf) protein, including + V600 BRAF mutations, non-V600 BRAF mutations, and RAF fusions, with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BRAF inhibitor BGB-3245 targets + and binds to both monomeric and dimeric forms of activating BRAF mutations and + fusions. This may result in the inhibition of BRAF-mediated signaling and inhibit + proliferation in tumor cells expressing BRAF mutations and fusions. BRAF belongs + to the RAF family of serine/threonine protein kinases and plays a role in regulating + the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ extracellular signal-regulated + kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, which is often dysregulated in human cancers + and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. BRAF mutations + and fusions have been identified in a number of solid tumors and are drivers + of cancer growth. + termDef: + term: >- + BRAF Inhibitor BGB-3245 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173633" + term_id: C173633 + term_version: 20.10d + +brafv600e_kinase_inhibitor_abm1310: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of mutant (V600E) v-raf murine + sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon oral administration, BRAF(V600E) kinase inhibitor ABM-1310 selectively + binds to and inhibits the activity of BRAF(V600E) kinase, which may result in + the inhibition of an over-activated MAPK signaling pathway downstream in BRAF(V600E) + kinase-expressing tumor cells and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. BRAF + belongs to the raf/mil family of serine/threonine protein kinases and plays + a role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERKs signaling pathway. The valine to glutamic + acid substitution at residue 600 accounts for about 90% of BRAF gene mutations. + The oncogenic product, BRAF(V600E) kinase, exhibits a markedly elevated activity + that over-activates the MAPK signaling pathway. The BRAF(V600E) mutation has + been found to occur in about 8% of all tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor ABM-1310 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170951" + term_id: C170951 + term_version: 20.10d + +brca1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cell cycle control, regulation of transcription and + the maintenance of genomic stability. It is also involved in the inhibition + of mammary cell growth. + termDef: + term: >- + BRCA1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17965" + term_id: C17965 + term_version: 20.10d + +brca2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell cycle control, DNA repair and the maintenance + of genomic stability. It also plays a role in the proliferation of embryonic + cells. + termDef: + term: >- + BRCA2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18120" + term_id: C18120 + term_version: 20.10d + +brd3: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in both histone acetylation and transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + BRD3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97397" + term_id: C97397 + term_version: 20.10d + +brd4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in mitosis. + termDef: + term: >- + BRD4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C92702" + term_id: C92702 + term_version: 20.10d + +brip1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in DNA double-strand break repair. + termDef: + term: >- + BRIP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C63526" + term_id: C63526 + term_version: 20.10d + +btg1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + BTG1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C80101" + term_id: C80101 + term_version: 20.10d + +btk: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both signaling and B-cell development. + termDef: + term: >- + BTK Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C75013" + term_id: C75013 + term_version: 20.10d + +btk_inhibitor_hza018: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BTK inhibitor HZ-A-018 targets, + binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the + B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation + and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an + inhibition of the growth of malignant B cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member + of the src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed + in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in B lymphocyte development, + activation, signaling, proliferation and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + BTK Inhibitor HZ-A-018 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174394" + term_id: C174394 + term_version: 20.10d + +bub1b: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in mitotic progression. + termDef: + term: >- + BUB1B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95592" + term_id: C95592 + term_version: 20.10d + +buccal_mucosa: + common: + description: >- + The mucosal membranes located on the inside of the cheek, in the buccal cavity. + termDef: + term: >- + Buccal Mucosa + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C12505" + term_id: C12505 + term_version: 20.10d + +buffy_coat: + common: + description: >- + The middle layer of an anticoagulated blood specimen following separation by + centrifugation. It contains most of the white blood cells and platelets. + termDef: + term: >- + Buffy Coat + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C84507" + term_id: C84507 + term_version: 20.10d + +cmet_inhibitor_abn401: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, highly selective inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met + (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon oral administration, ABN401 targets and binds to the c-Met protein, prevents + c-Met phosphorylation and disrupts c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. + This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing + constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated + in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, + invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + c-Met Inhibitor ABN401 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170765" + term_id: C170765 + term_version: 20.10d + +cmet_inhibitor_gsthg161: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte + growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + oral administration, c-Met inhibitor GST-HG161 targets and binds to c-Met protein, + thereby disrupting c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce + cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed + or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, + survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + c-Met Inhibitor GST-HG161 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175449" + term_id: C175449 + term_version: 20.10d + +creactive_protein: + common: + description: >- + A quantitative measurement of the amount of C-reactive protein present in a + sample. + termDef: + term: >- + C-Reactive Protein Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C64548" + term_id: C64548 + term_version: 20.10d + +cebp_beta_antagonist_st101: + common: + description: >- + A peptide antagonist of the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein + beta (C/EBP beta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, + C/EBP beta antagonist ST101 targets and inhibits the activity of C/EBP beta. + This prevents the expression of C/EBP beta target genes and proteins, including + the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), cyclins and inhibitor + of differentiation (ID) family of proteins, which are involved in cell proliferation, + differentiation, and cell cycle regulation. This may lead to apoptosis in tumor + cells. C/EBP beta is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role + in the regulation of cell differentiation; its expression is associated with + tumor cell survival and proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + C/EBP Beta Antagonist ST101 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174169" + term_id: C174169 + term_version: 20.10d + +c15orf65: + common: + description: >- + This gene has no known function. + termDef: + term: >- + C15orf65 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98096" + term_id: C98096 + term_version: 20.10d + +ca125: + common: + description: >- + A substance that may be found in high amounts in the blood of patients with + certain types of cancer, including ovarian cancer. CA-125 levels may also help + monitor how well cancer treatments are working or if cancer has come back. + termDef: + term: >- + CA-125 Antigen + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C325" + term_id: C325 + term_version: 20.10d + +ca199: + common: + description: >- + CA 19-9 is a fucosylated glycosphingolipid carbohydrate antigen that is soluble + and is adsorbed to erythrocytes and to many adenocarcinomas of the digestive + tract, especially pancreatic tumors. By structure CA 19-9 is related to the + Lewis blood group antigens. + termDef: + term: >- + CA19-9 Antigen + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C327" + term_id: C327 + term_version: 20.10d + +cacna1d: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in voltage-dependent calcium transport. + termDef: + term: >- + CACNA1D Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C113769" + term_id: C113769 + term_version: 20.10d + +calcium_releaseactivated_channel_inhibitor_cm4620: + common: + description: >- + A calcium (Ca2+) release-activated channel (CRAC) inhibitor, with potential + anti-inflammatory and protective activities. Upon administration, CM4620 targets, + binds to and inhibits the calcium release-activated calcium channel protein + 1 (Orai1), which forms the pore of CRAC, and is expressed on both parenchymal + cells and immune cells. This prevents the transport of extracellular Ca2+ into + the cell and inhibits the subsequent activation of Ca2+-mediated signaling and + transcription of target genes. This may prevent Ca2+ entry-mediated cell death. + It may also inhibit the proliferation of immune cells and prevents the release + of various inflammatory cytokines in immune cells, such as interleukin-2 (IL-2) + and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a). This may lead to a reduction of inflammatory + responses in inflammatory-mediated diseases. CRACs, specialized plasma membrane + Ca2+ ion channels composed of the plasma membrane based Orai channels and the + endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stromal interaction molecules (STIMs), mediate store + operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) and play a key role in calcium homeostasis. CRACs + are overactivated in a variety of cell types, especially certain immune cells + during inflammation, including T-lymphocytes, neutrophils and macrophages. + termDef: + term: >- + Calcium Release-activated Channel Inhibitor CM4620 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166417" + term_id: C166417 + term_version: 20.10d + +calr: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in calcium binding and protein folding. + termDef: + term: >- + CALR Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95313" + term_id: C95313 + term_version: 20.10d + +camidanlumab_tesirine: + common: + description: >- + An immunoconjugate consisting of a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody + directed against the alpha subunit of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R alpha + or CD25) and conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to a synthetic, cross-linking + agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer that targets DNA minor grooves, with + potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of the anti-CD25 + antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) ADCT-301 specifically binds to the cell surface + antigen CD25. This causes the internalization of ADCT-301 and the subsequent + release of the cytotoxic PBD moiety. The imine groups of the PBD moiety bind + to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces interstrand + cross-links in the minor groove of DNA and inhibits DNA replication, which inhibits + the proliferation of CD25-overexpressing tumor cells. CD25, a transmembrane + receptor and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is expressed on certain cancer + cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Camidanlumab Tesirine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C121949" + term_id: C121949 + term_version: 20.10d + +camta1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both DNA binding and transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + CAMTA1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101440" + term_id: C101440 + term_version: 20.10d + +cant1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both nucleotide hydrolysis and signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + CANT1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97375" + term_id: C97375 + term_version: 20.10d + +carbon_c_14pamiparib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable radioconjugate composed of pamiparib, a nuclear enzyme + poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, radiolabeled with the radioisotope + carbon C 14, with potential use for evaluating the pharmacokinetic profile of + pamiparib. Pamiparib targets, binds to and inhibits PARP, which results in the + inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and survival. Labeling of pamiparib with + the radioactive tracer carbon C 14 allows for the evaluation of pamiparib's + pharmacokinetic profile, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism + and excretion (ADME). + termDef: + term: >- + Carbon C 14-pamiparib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173441" + term_id: C173441 + term_version: 20.10d + +card11: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in apoptotic regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + CARD11 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C60668" + term_id: C60668 + term_version: 20.10d + +cars: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transfer RNA metabolism. + termDef: + term: >- + CARS Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97369" + term_id: C97369 + term_version: 20.10d + +casp8: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in apoptosis, immune cell homeostasis, lymphocyte activation + and immunoprotection. + termDef: + term: >- + CASP8 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26623" + term_id: C26623 + term_version: 20.10d + +cationic_peptide_cream_cypep1: + common: + description: >- + A topical cream containing Cypep-1, a cationic lytic peptide of 27 amino acids, + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration, Cypep-1 + selectively targets tumor cells with negatively charged cell membranes and ruptures + the cell membranes. This leads to tumor cell lysis and the release of neoantigens + into the tumor microenvironment (TME) and circulation. This elicits a specific + and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing + these neoantigens. Warts are benign skin tumors caused by human papilloma virus + (HPV). + termDef: + term: >- + Cationic Peptide Cream Cypep-1 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171374" + term_id: C171374 + term_version: 20.10d + +cbfa2t3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + CBFA2T3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97445" + term_id: C97445 + term_version: 20.10d + +cbfb: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in hematopoiesis and osteogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + CBFB Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18584" + term_id: C18584 + term_version: 20.10d + +cbl: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and the regulation of protein + degradation. + termDef: + term: >- + CBL Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18364" + term_id: C18364 + term_version: 20.10d + +cblb: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of T cell activation. + termDef: + term: >- + CBLB Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21589" + term_id: C21589 + term_version: 20.10d + +cblc: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both ubiquitination and signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + CBLC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97439" + term_id: C97439 + term_version: 20.10d + +ccdc6: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in tumor suppression. + termDef: + term: >- + CCDC6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18376" + term_id: C18376 + term_version: 20.10d + +ccnb1ip1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both ubiquitination and cell cycle progression. + termDef: + term: >- + CCNB1IP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97372" + term_id: C97372 + term_version: 20.10d + +ccnc: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the modulation of gene transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + CCNC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C105393" + term_id: C105393 + term_version: 20.10d + +ccnd1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of mitotic events. + termDef: + term: >- + G1/S-Specific Cyclin-D1 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18021" + term_id: C18021 + term_version: 20.10d + +ccnd2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of the G1/S phase of the cell cycle. + termDef: + term: >- + CCND2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C39596" + term_id: C39596 + term_version: 20.10d + +ccnd3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell cycle progression. + termDef: + term: >- + CCND3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97381" + term_id: C97381 + term_version: 20.10d + +ccne1: + common: + description: >- + This gene regulates the G1/S phase of the cell cycle by cyclin expression. + termDef: + term: >- + CCNE1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21412" + term_id: C21412 + term_version: 20.10d + +ccr4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in chemokine-dependent G protein-coupled receptor signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + CCR4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C129065" + term_id: C129065 + term_version: 20.10d + +ccr7: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in immune function. + termDef: + term: >- + CCR7 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C104128" + term_id: C104128 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd10: + common: + description: >- + Neprilysin (750 aa, ~86 kDa) is encoded by the human MME gene. This protein + is involved in the metabolism of biologically active peptides. + termDef: + term: >- + Neprilysin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C16836" + term_id: C16836 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd117: + common: + description: >- + Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit (976 aa, ~110 kDa) is encoded by the + human KIT gene. This protein is involved in cell survival, tyrosine phosphorylation + and ligand-mediated signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + Mast/Stem Cell Growth Factor Receptor Kit + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17328" + term_id: C17328 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd11b_agonist_gb1275: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable small molecule agonist of CD11b (integrin alpha-M; ITGAM; + integrin alpha M chain), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, + CD11b agonist GB1275 targets and binds to CD11b, thereby activating CD11b. This + leads to CD11b-mediated signaling and promotes pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization + while suppressing immunosuppressive macrophage polarization. This reduces influx + of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells + (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), promotes anti-tumor immune responses, + induces cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and suppresses tumor growth. CD11b, a + member of the integrin family of cell adhesion receptors highly expressed on + immune system cells, is a negative regulator of immune suppression and activates + anti-tumor innate immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + CD11b Agonist GB1275 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165605" + term_id: C165605 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd123cd33_compound_car_t_cells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing + a compound chimeric antigen receptor (cCAR) containing two distinct units of + CARs, one specific for the CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA) + antigen and one specific for the CD33 antigen, with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CD123-CD33 cCAR T cells + specifically and simultaneously target and bind to tumor cells expressing CD123 + and/or CD33. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells that express the + CD123 antigen and/or the CD33 antigen. CD123 is normally expressed on committed + blood progenitor cells in the bone marrow; its overexpression is associated + with increased leukemic cell proliferation and aggressiveness. CD33 is expressed + on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and is overexpressed on myeloid + leukemia cells. Targeting two different antigens may improve coverage and protect + against antigen escape and relapse as it is less likely for tumor cells to lose + both antigens. Additionally, the CD123-CD33 cCAR T cells express CD52 on the + cell surface. This allows the depletion of the CD123-CD33 cCAR T cells with + the administration of the anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab, in case + of unacceptable side effects. + termDef: + term: >- + CD123-CD33 Compound CAR T Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173970" + term_id: C173970 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd123specific_targeting_module_tm123: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of soluble adapter molecules consisting of an antigen-binding + moiety targeting CD123 linked to a peptide motif recognizable by UniCAR02-T, + that may be used to activate UniCAR02-T. Upon administration of CD123-specific + targeting module (TM) TM123, and upon co-administration of UniCAR02-T, the antigen-binding + moiety of TM123 targets and binds to cancer cells expressing CD123, and the + binding domain of UniCAR02-T binds to the nuclear antigen motif of TM123. This + activates UniCAR02-T, and induces selective toxicity in and causes lysis of + CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123 is normally expressed on committed blood + progenitor cells in the bone marrow; its overexpression is associated with both + increased leukemic cell proliferation and aggressiveness. + termDef: + term: >- + CD123-specific Targeting Module TM123 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175461" + term_id: C175461 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd138: + common: + description: >- + Syndecan-1 (310 aa, ~32 kDa) is encoded by the human SDC1 gene. This protein + is involved in the mediation of cell adhesion, signaling and cytoskeletal organization. + termDef: + term: >- + Syndecan-1 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96914" + term_id: C96914 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd14: + common: + description: >- + Monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (375 aa, ~40 kDa) is encoded by the human + CD14 gene. This protein plays a role in the innate immune response to lipopolysaccharide + exposure. + termDef: + term: >- + Monocyte Differentiation Antigen CD14 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17488" + term_id: C17488 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd15: + common: + description: >- + A carbohydrate molecule found on the surface of neutrophils, eosinophils and + monocytes. It is involved in neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis. Expression + of this antigen is associated with Hodgkin disease, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, + and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. + termDef: + term: >- + CD15 Antigen + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96898" + term_id: C96898 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd19: + common: + description: >- + B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 (556 aa, ~61 kDa) is encoded by the human CD19 gene. + This protein is involved in enhancing B-cell receptor-dependent signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD19 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38894" + term_id: C38894 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd20: + common: + description: >- + B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 (297 aa, ~33 kDa) is encoded by the human MS4A1 gene. + This protein plays a role in both the activation and proliferation of B-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD20 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38896" + term_id: C38896 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd20cd19_compound_car_t_cells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing + a compound chimeric antigen receptor (cCAR) containing two distinct units of + CARs, one specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation + 20 (CD20) and one specific for the TAA CD19, with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CD20-CD19 cCAR T cells + specifically and simultaneously target and bind to tumor cells expressing CD20 + and/or CD19. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells that express CD20 + and/or CD19. Both CD19 and CD20 are B-cell-specific cell surface antigens overexpressed + in B-cell lineage malignancies. Targeting two different antigens may improve + coverage and protect against antigen escape and relapse as it is less likely + for tumor cells to lose both antigens. + termDef: + term: >- + CD20-CD19 Compound CAR T Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173960" + term_id: C173960 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd209: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of host defense responses and mediates + pathogen-binding properties. + termDef: + term: >- + CD209 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21568" + term_id: C21568 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd22: + common: + description: >- + B-cell receptor CD22 (847 aa, ~95 kDa) is encoded by the human CD22 gene. This + protein is involved in B-cell/B-cell interactions and downstream signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + B-Cell Receptor CD22 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17279" + term_id: C17279 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd23: + common: + description: >- + Low affinity immunoglobulin epsilon Fc receptor (321 aa, ~36 kDa) is encoded + by the human FCER2 gene. This protein is involved in B cell differentiation + and IgE production. + termDef: + term: >- + Low Affinity Immunoglobulin Epsilon Fc Receptor + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96902" + term_id: C96902 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd25: + common: + description: >- + Interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha (272 aa, ~31 kDa) is encoded by the human + IL2RA gene. This protein plays a role in interleukin-2-dependent signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + Interleukin-2 Receptor Subunit Alpha + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17073" + term_id: C17073 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd274: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in T cell activation and proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + CD274 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96022" + term_id: C96022 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd28: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays several roles in cellular functions specific to the T-cell. + termDef: + term: >- + CD28 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21291" + term_id: C21291 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd28icos_antagonist_alpn101: + common: + description: >- + An Fc fusion protein comprised of a human inducible T-cell costimulator ligand + (ICOSL) variant immunoglobulin domain (vIgD) that binds to both inducible T-cell + costimulator (ICOS; CD278) and cluster of differentiation 28 (CD28), with potential + immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, CD28/ICOS antagonist ALPN-101 + targets and binds to both CD28 and ICOS expressed on certain T-cells. This prevents + the activation of CD28 and ICOS by its ligands, thereby blocking the two T-cell + costimulatory pathways and the resulting T-cell activation. CD28 is involved + in initiation of the pathogenic process in graft versus host disease (GVHD). + Following initial activation, CD28 is often downregulated while ICOS is upregulated, + possibly sustaining GVHD. Dual blockade of CD28 and ICOS may be superior to + individual blockade of CD28 or ICOS alone. + termDef: + term: >- + CD28/ICOS Antagonist ALPN-101 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168584" + term_id: C168584 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd3: + common: + description: >- + Consisting of cell surface type I membrane Delta, Epsilon, Gamma, Zeta, and + Eta protein subunits with ITAM domains and noncovalently associated with the + disulfide bound heterodimeric alpha/beta and gamma/delta TCR, the CD3 complex + couples receptor antigen recognition to signal transduction pathways during + T-cell activation. During TCR engagement with MHC-associated antigen on host + cell surfaces and synapse formation, CD3 activity leads to Tyr-phosphorylated + CD3 subunits, Tyr phosphorylation of LAT colocalized in lipid rafts, and MAPK + activation. CD3 signal transduction appears to involve LCK, ZAP70, Nck, SLA, + SLA2, and DOCK2. CD3 subunits may also associate with the cytoskeleton. CD3 + also mediates TCR signal transduction during the developmental transition through + positive selection of immature thymocytes to mature CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. (NCI) + termDef: + term: >- + CD3 Complex + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38897" + term_id: C38897 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd30: + common: + description: >- + Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8 (595 aa, ~ 64 kDa) is encoded + by the human TNFRSF8 gene. This protein is involved in ligand-mediated signal + transduction, the positive regulation of apoptosis and the inhibition of cell + proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 8 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38906" + term_id: C38906 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd33: + common: + description: >- + Myeloid cell surface antigen CD33 (364 aa, ~40 kDa) is encoded by the human + CD33 gene. This protein is involved in the mediation of cell adhesion and the + regulation of cell-cell signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + Myeloid Cell Surface Antigen CD33 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97246" + term_id: C97246 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd34: + common: + description: >- + Hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34 (385 aa, ~41 kDa) is encoded by the + human CD34 gene. This protein plays a role in cell-cell adhesion and may have + a role in leukocyte migration. + termDef: + term: >- + Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Antigen CD34 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17280" + term_id: C17280 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd44v6specific_car_tcells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of genetically modified T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral + vector encoding a fourth-generation specific chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) + specific for CD44 variant domain 6 (CD44v6), with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD44v6-specific CAR T-cells + specifically recognize and kill CD44v6-expressing tumor cells. CD44, a transmembrane + glycoprotein and hyaluronic acid receptor, is expressed in healthy tissue and + overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types. CD44v6, the isoform containing + the variant domain 6 of CD44 gene, plays a key role in tumor cell invasion, + proliferation and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + CD44v6-specific CAR T-cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173368" + term_id: C173368 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd45: + common: + description: >- + Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C (1304 aa, ~147 kDa) is encoded + by the human PTPRC gene. This protein plays a role in protein dephosphorylation. + termDef: + term: >- + Receptor-Type Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase C + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17282" + term_id: C17282 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd5: + common: + description: >- + T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5 (495 aa, ~54 kDa) is encoded by the human CD5 + gene. This protein may be involved in regulating the proliferation of T-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD5 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C73124" + term_id: C73124 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd56: + common: + description: >- + Cell adhesion molecule involved in a diverse range of contact-mediated interactions + among neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and myotubes. It is widely but + transiently expressed in many tissues early in embryogenesis. Four main isoforms + exist, including CD56 (ANTIGENS, CD56), but there are many other variants resulting + from alternative splicing and post-translational modifications. (From Pigott + & Power, The Adhesion Molecule FactsBook, 1993, pp115-119) + termDef: + term: >- + Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17891" + term_id: C17891 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd7: + common: + description: >- + T-cell antigen CD7 (240 aa, ~25 kDa) is encoded by the human CD7 gene. This + protein plays a role in the development and function of lymphoid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + T-Cell Antigen CD7 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38935" + term_id: C38935 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd73_inhibitor_ab680: + common: + description: >- + A small molecule, competitive inhibitor of the ectoenzyme CD73 (cluster of differentiation + 73; 5'-ecto-nucleotidase; 5'-NT; ecto-5'-nucleotidase), with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD73 Inhibitor AB680 targets + and binds to CD73, leading to clustering of and internalization of CD73. This + prevents CD73-mediated conversion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine + and decreases the amount of free adenosine in the tumor microenvironment (TME). + This prevents adenosine-mediated lymphocyte suppression and increases the activity + of CD8-positive effector cells and natural killer (NK) cells. This also activates + macrophages and reduces the activity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) + and regulatory T-lymphocytes (Tregs). By abrogating the inhibitory effect on + the immune system and enhancing the cytotoxic T-cell-mediated immune response + against cancer cells, tumor cell growth decreases. In addition, clustering and + internalization of CD73 decreases the migration of cancer cells and prevents + metastasis. CD73, a plasma membrane protein belonging to the 5'-nucleotidase + (NTase) family, upregulated on a number of cancer cell types, catalyzes the + conversion of extracellular nucleotides, such as AMP, to membrane-permeable + nucleosides, such as adenosine; it plays a key role in adenosine-mediated immunosuppression + within the TME. + termDef: + term: >- + CD73 Inhibitor AB680 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167156" + term_id: C167156 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd73_inhibitor_ly3475070: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the ectoenzyme CD73 (cluster of differentiation + 73; 5'-ecto-nucleotidase; 5'-NT; ecto-5'-nucleotidase), with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CD73 inhibitor LY3475070 + targets and binds to CD73, leading to clustering of and internalization of CD73. + This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine + and decreases the amount of free adenosine in the tumor microenvironment (TME). + This prevents adenosine-mediated lymphocyte suppression and increases the activity + of CD8-positive effector cells and natural killer (NK) cells. This also activates + macrophages and reduces the activity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) + and regulatory T-lymphocytes (Tregs). By abrogating the inhibitory effect on + the immune system and enhancing the cytotoxic T-cell-mediated immune response + against tumor cells, tumor cell growth decreases. In addition, clustering and + internalization of CD73 decreases the migration of cancer cells and prevents + metastasis. CD73, a plasma membrane protein belonging to the 5'-nucleotidase + (NTase) family, catalyzes the conversion of extracellular nucleotides, such + as AMP, to membrane-permeable nucleosides, such as adenosine. It is upregulated + in a number of cancer cell types and plays a key role in adenosine-mediated + immunosuppression within the TME. + termDef: + term: >- + CD73 Inhibitor LY3475070 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170952" + term_id: C170952 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd74: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in antigen processing and presentation. + termDef: + term: >- + CD74 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97418" + term_id: C97418 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd79a: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in B-cell signaling and proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + B-Cell Antigen Receptor Complex-Associated Protein Alpha Chain + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97421" + term_id: C97421 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd79b: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signaling in B-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + CD79B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97424" + term_id: C97424 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd80fc_fusion_protein_alpn202: + common: + description: >- + A fusion protein composed of the N-terminal Ig variable-like (IgV) domain of + CD80 fused to a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc fragment, with potential immunostimulatory, + immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + CD80-Fc fusion protein ALPN-202 targets and binds to programmed cell death-1 + ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) expressed on tumor cells, + which blocks its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death + 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279), and leads to PD-L1-dependent + CD28 binding and co-stimulation in the local tumor microenvironment (TME). This + reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling, leads to the co-stimulation + of T-cell responses including the activation of naive and memory T-cells in + the TME and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune + response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, ALPN-202 targets + and binds to CTL-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4) expressed on T-cells. + This prevents the binding of CTLA-4 to endogenous CD80, thereby enabling CD80-CD28 + engagement, CD28 signaling, and T-cell activation. This further promotes T-cell + activity. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding + to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. + CD80 is a co-stimulatory molecule expressed on activated antigen presenting + cells (APCs) that plays a key role in T-cell activation upon binding to CD28 + on T-cells. On the other hand, binding of CD80 to CTLA-4 prevents CD80-CD28 + engagement, thereby inhibiting T-cell activity and immune activation. CTLA-4 + is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and an inhibitory molecule + upregulated by T-cells following T-cell activation. It plays a key role in the + downregulation of the immune system. + termDef: + term: >- + CD80-Fc Fusion Protein ALPN-202 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174515" + term_id: C174515 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd80fc_fusion_protein_fpt155: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant fusion protein composed of the extracellular domain (ECD) of human + CD80 (B7.1) fused to a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc fragment, with potential + immunostimulatory, immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration of CD80-Fc fusion protein FPT155, the CD80 moiety targets + and binds to CD28, which in the presence of antigenic T-cell receptor (TCR) + signaling, leads to the co-stimulation of T-cell responses including the activation + of naive and memory T-cells. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + immune response against cancer cells, thereby killing cancer cells. FPT155 also + targets and binds to CTL-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), preventing the + binding of CTLA-4 to endogenous CD80, thereby enabling CD80-CD28 engagement, + CD28 signaling, and T-cell activation in the tumor microenvironment. CD80 is + a co-stimulatory molecule expressed on activated antigen presenting cells that + plays a key role in T-cell activation upon binding to CD28 on T-cells. On the + other hand, binding of CD80 to CTLA-4 prevents CD80-CD28 engagement, thereby + inhibiting T-cell activity and immune activation. CTLA-4 is a member of the + immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and an inhibitory molecule upregulated by + T-cells following T-cell activation. It plays a key role in the downregulation + of the immune system. + termDef: + term: >- + CD80-Fc Fusion Protein FPT155 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C169063" + term_id: C169063 + term_version: 20.10d + +cd99: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the cell adhesion process. + termDef: + term: >- + CD99 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102939" + term_id: C102939 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdc73: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcription and may play a role in cell cycle progression. + termDef: + term: >- + CDC73 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C43569" + term_id: C43569 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdh1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cell-cell adhesion and loss of function contributes + to the progression of many carcinomas. + termDef: + term: >- + CDH1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18249" + term_id: C18249 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdh10: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the modulation of neuronal cell shape and cell-cell + adhesion. + termDef: + term: >- + CDH10 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143093" + term_id: C143093 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdh11: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the adherens junction. + termDef: + term: >- + CDH11 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97427" + term_id: C97427 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdh17: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell-cell adhesion and intestinal proton-dependent + peptide transport. + termDef: + term: >- + CDH17 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143096" + term_id: C143096 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdk12: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in protein phosphorylation, RNA splicing and transcription + elongation. + termDef: + term: >- + CDK12 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101095" + term_id: C101095 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdk2_inhibitor_pf07104091: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CDK2 inhibitor PF-07104091 selectively + targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK2. This may lead to cell cycle + arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. + CDKs are serine/threonine kinases that are important regulators of cell cycle + progression and cellular proliferation and are frequently overexpressed in tumor + cells. CDK2/cyclin E complex plays an important role in retinoblastoma (Rb) + protein phosphorylation and the G1-S phase cell cycle transition. CDK2/cyclin + A complex plays an important role in DNA synthesis in S phase and the activation + of CDK1/cyclin B for the G2-M phase cell cycle transition. + termDef: + term: >- + CDK2 Inhibitor PF-07104091 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175251" + term_id: C175251 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdk4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in G1 stage cell cycle progression. + termDef: + term: >- + CDK4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18250" + term_id: C18250 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdk46_inhibitor_cs3002: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) + types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral + administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor CS3002 selectively targets and inhibits CDK4 + and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) + early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads + to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell + proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated + in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of both cell + cycle progression from the G1-phase into the S-phase and tumor cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + CDK4/6 Inhibitor CS3002 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174417" + term_id: C174417 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdk46_inhibitor_hs10342: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, small molecular, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent + kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor HS-10342 selectively inhibits CDK4 + and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) + early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads + to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell + proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated + in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of both cell + cycle progression from the G1-phase into the S-phase and tumor cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + CDK4/6 Inhibitor HS-10342 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170749" + term_id: C170749 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdk46_inhibitor_tqb3616: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) + types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral + administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor TQB3616 selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, + which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the + G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle + arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. + CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell + types and play a key role in the regulation of both cell cycle progression from + the G1-phase into the S-phase and tumor cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + CDK4/6 Inhibitor TQB3616 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171344" + term_id: C171344 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdk6: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the progression of the cell cycle. + termDef: + term: >- + CDK6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97384" + term_id: C97384 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdk7_inhibitor_sy5609: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SY-5609 selectively + targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK7, thereby inhibiting CDK7-mediated + signaling. Specifically, inhibition of CDK7 prevents phosphorylation of the + carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA Polymerase II, thereby preventing transcription + of important cancer-promoting genes. In addition, it prevents phosphorylation + of the cell cycle kinases CDK1, 2, 4, and 6, thereby disrupting uncontrolled + cell cycle progression. Altogether, this may induce apoptosis, cause cell cycle + arrest, inhibit DNA damage repair and inhibit tumor cell proliferation in certain + cancers that are dependent on CDK7-mediated transcriptional regulation and signaling. + CDK7, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a role in controlling cell cycle progression, + transcriptional regulation, and promotes the expression of key oncogenes such + as c-Myc and beta-catenin, through the phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II. + termDef: + term: >- + CDK7 Inhibitor SY-5609 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172390" + term_id: C172390 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdk819_inhibitor_sel_120: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 8 and 19 (CDK8/19), + with potential antineoplastic and chemoprotective activities. Upon oral administration, + CDK8/19 inhibitor SEL 120 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK8/19, + which prevents activation of CDK8/19-mediated oncogenic signaling pathways, + blocks selective transcription of various tumor-promoting genes, and inhibits + proliferation of CDK8/19-overexpressing tumor cells. CDK8/19, serine/threonine + kinases involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, are overexpressed in certain + cancer cell types and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + CDK8/19 Inhibitor SEL 120 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165747" + term_id: C165747 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdkn1a: + common: + description: >- + This gene is a regulator of cell cycle progression at the G1 phase of the cell + cycle. + termDef: + term: >- + CDKN1A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17782" + term_id: C17782 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdkn1b: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell cycle regulation and cyclin regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + CDKN1B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20060" + term_id: C20060 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdkn2a: + common: + description: >- + This gene functions as a tumor suppressor and transcriptional regulator. + termDef: + term: >- + CDKN2A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18022" + term_id: C18022 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdkn2c: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell cycle inhibition and regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + CDKN2C Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24288" + term_id: C24288 + term_version: 20.10d + +cdx2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional initiation, embryonic axial elongation + and patterning. + termDef: + term: >- + CDX2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24292" + term_id: C24292 + term_version: 20.10d + +cea: + common: + description: >- + A cancer-specific antigen associated with both tumors and the developing fetus. + The main use of this antigen is as a tumor marker, especially with respect to + intestinal cancers. Production of the antigen ceases shortly before birth, but + may reappear in people who develop certain types of cancer. + termDef: + term: >- + Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 5 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C25159" + term_id: C25159 + term_version: 20.10d + +cebpa: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in body weight homeostasis and cellular proliferation. + Mutations in the gene are associated with acute myeloid leukemia. + termDef: + term: >- + CEBPA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C39598" + term_id: C39598 + term_version: 20.10d + +cedazuridineazacitidine_combination_agent_astx030: + common: + description: >- + An orally available fixed-dose combination agent containing cedazuridine, a + cytidine deaminase (CDA) inhibitor, and the cytidine antimetabolite azacitidine, + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of the cedazuridine/azacitidine + combination agent ASTX030, cedazuridine binds to and inhibits CDA, an enzyme + primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver that catalyzes + the deamination of cytidine and cytidine analogs. This prevents the breakdown + of azacitidine, increases its bioavailability and efficacy while decreasing + GI toxicity due to the administration of lower doses of azacitidine. Azacitidine + exerts its antineoplastic activity through the incorporation of its triphosphate + form into DNA, which inhibits DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), thereby blocking + DNA methylation and results in hypomethylation of DNA. This interferes with + DNA replication and decreases tumor cell growth. + termDef: + term: >- + Cedazuridine/Azacitidine Combination Agent ASTX030 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171649" + term_id: C171649 + term_version: 20.10d + +cellularity: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of degree, quality or condition of cells present + in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Cellularity Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C111153" + term_id: C111153 + term_version: 20.10d + +cenpa: + common: + description: >- + Histone H3-like centromeric protein A (140 aa, ~16 kDa) is encoded by the human + CENPA gene. This protein plays a role in cell cycle progression, cell division + and centromeric nucleosome assembly. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H3-Like Centromeric Protein A + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C152974" + term_id: C152974 + term_version: 20.10d + +cep89: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cilia formation. + termDef: + term: >- + CEP89 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122887" + term_id: C122887 + term_version: 20.10d + +cereblon_e3_ubiquitin_ligase_modulating_agent_cc99282: + common: + description: >- + A modulator of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing cereblon (CRL4-CRBN + E3 ubiquitin ligase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, cereblon E3 ubiquitin ligase modulating agent CC-99282 + specifically binds to cereblon (CRBN), thereby affecting the ubiquitin E3 ligase + activity, and targeting certain substrate proteins for ubiquitination. This + induces proteasome-mediated degradation of certain transcription factors, some + of which are transcriptional repressors in T-cells. This leads to modulation + of the immune system, including activation of T-lymphocytes, and downregulation + of the activity of other proteins, some of which play key roles in the proliferation + of certain cancer cell types. CRBN, the substrate recognition component of the + CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, plays a key role in the ubiquitination + of certain proteins. + termDef: + term: >- + Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Agent CC-99282 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172396" + term_id: C172396 + term_version: 20.10d + +cervical: + common: + description: >- + Any of the lymph nodes located in the neck. + termDef: + term: >- + Cervical Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C32298" + term_id: C32298 + term_version: 20.10d + +cetuximab_sarotalocan: + common: + description: >- + A chemical conjugate composed of the dye IR700 linked to cetuximab, a monoclonal + antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with + potential antineoplastic activity. Upon injection of cetuximab sarotalocan, + the cetuximab moiety targets and binds to EGFR-expressing tumor cells, resulting + in the internalization of the conjugate. Upon localized application of near-infrared + (NIR) light, the IR700 dye becomes activated, disrupts the cell membrane and + selectively kills the EGFR-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a tyrosine kinase receptor, + is overexpressed in a variety of cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + Cetuximab Sarotalocan + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C121850" + term_id: C121850 + term_version: 20.10d + +cevostamab: + common: + description: >- + A proprietary recombinant bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed + of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) Fc receptor-like protein 5 (FCRH5; CD307; FCRL5; IRTA2; BXMAS1) + and one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with + potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration + of cevostamab, the bispecific antibody binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic + T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and FCRH5 found on FCRH5-expressing tumor cells. This activates + and crosslinks CTLs with FCRH5-expressing tumor cells, which results in the + CTL-mediated cell death of FCRH5-expressing tumor cells. FCRH5, an immune receptor + translocation-associated protein/Fc receptor homolog (IRTA/FCRH) family member + and a B-cell lineage marker, is overexpressed on myeloma cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Cevostamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C139549" + term_id: C139549 + term_version: 20.10d + +chchd7: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in stature. + termDef: + term: >- + CHCHD7 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97403" + term_id: C97403 + term_version: 20.10d + +chd2: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in the regulation of both gene expression and chromatin + modification. + termDef: + term: >- + CHD2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C75307" + term_id: C75307 + term_version: 20.10d + +chd4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling. + termDef: + term: >- + CHD4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C128251" + term_id: C128251 + term_version: 20.10d + +chek2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cell survival and the negative regulation of cell + growth. + termDef: + term: >- + CHEK2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C40965" + term_id: C40965 + term_version: 20.10d + +chga: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the modulation of the neuroendocrine system. + termDef: + term: >- + CHGA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21167" + term_id: C21167 + term_version: 20.10d + +chic2: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in vesicular transport. + termDef: + term: >- + CHIC2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97406" + term_id: C97406 + term_version: 20.10d + +chlorotoxin_eqcd28cd3zetacd19texpressing_car_tlymphocytes: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of genetically modified T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral + vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) comprised of a CD28 co-stimulatory + signaling domain fused to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3zeta), a + truncated form of CD19 (CD19t), an immunoglobulin (Ig) G4-Fc (EQ) spacer, and + a peptide derived from chlorotoxin (CLTX), with potential imaging and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, chlorotoxin (EQ)-CD28-CD3zeta-CD19t-expressing + CAR T-lymphocytes are re-directed to specific tumor cells in the brain inducing + selective toxicity in these tumor cells. CLTX, a 36-amino acid peptide found + in the venom of the deathstalker scorpion (Leiurus quinquestriatus) and a chloride + channel blocker, preferentially binds to glioma (and other neuroectodermal origin) + cells via membrane bound forms of the endopeptidase matrix metalloproteinase-2 + (MMP-2). This may direct the T-lymphocytes to and induce selective toxicity + in MMP-2-expressing tumor cells. Additionally, binding to MMP-2 on glioma cells + may both interfere with transmembrane chloride exchange and inhibit proteolytic + extracellular matrix remodeling by MMP-2, which may further limit the spread + of these tumor cells. MMP-2 is specifically upregulated in gliomas and related + cancers, but is not normally expressed in brain. The CD28 co-stimulatory molecule + signaling domain enhances activation and signaling; its inclusion may increase + proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity compared to the inclusion of + the CD3 zeta chain alone. IgG4-Fc (EQ) contains two point mutations in its spacer + region which prevents recognition of the CAR by Fc receptors (FcRs) without + altering the ability of the CAR to mediate antigen-specific lysis. CD19t, which + lacks the cytoplasmic signaling tail, provides a non-immunogenic surface marker + that allows for accurate measurement, efficient cell tracking and/or imaging + of the therapeutic T-cells in vivo following adoptive transfer. Additionally, + co-expression of CD19t functions as a "suicide" switch via clinically available + antibodies or immunotoxins which can be used to selectively eliminate the genetically + modified cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chlorotoxin (EQ)-CD28-CD3zeta-CD19t-expressing CAR T-lymphocytes + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167056" + term_id: C167056 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr1: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the largest human autosomal chromosome pair. + Chromosome 1 spans about 247 million nucleotide base pairs and represents about + 8% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 1 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13204" + term_id: C13204 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr10: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the tenth largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 10 spans about 135 million base pairs and represents between + 4 and 4.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 10 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13205" + term_id: C13205 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr11: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the eleventh largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 11 spans about 134.5 million base pairs and represents between + 4 and 4.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 11 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13206" + term_id: C13206 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr12: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the twelfth largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 12 spans about 143 million base pairs and represents between + 4 and 4.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 12 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13207" + term_id: C13207 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr13: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the thirteenth largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 13 spans about 113 million base pairs and represents between + 3.5 and 4% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 13 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13208" + term_id: C13208 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr14: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the fourteenth largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 14 spans about 105 million base pairs and represents between + 3 and 3.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 14 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13209" + term_id: C13209 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr15: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the fifteenth largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 15 spans about 106 million base pairs and represents between + 3 and 3.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 15 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13210" + term_id: C13210 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr16: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the sixteenth largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 16 spans about 90 million base pairs and represents just under + 3% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 16 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13211" + term_id: C13211 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr17: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the seventeenth largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 17 spans more than 81 million base pairs and represents between + 2.5 and 3% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 17 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13212" + term_id: C13212 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr18: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the eighteenth largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 18 spans about 76 million base pairs and represents about 2.5% + of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 18 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13213" + term_id: C13213 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr19: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the nineteenth largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 19 spans more than 63 million base pairs and represents between + 2 and 2.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 19 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13214" + term_id: C13214 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr2: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the second largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 2 spans more than 237 million base pairs and represents almost + 8% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 2 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13215" + term_id: C13215 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr20: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the third smallest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 20 spans around 63 million base pairs and represents between + 2 and 2.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 20 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13216" + term_id: C13216 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr21: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the second smallest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 21 spans around 47 million nucleotides and represents about + 1.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 21 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13217" + term_id: C13217 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr22: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the smallest human autosomal chromosome pair. + Chromosome 22 spans about 49 million base pairs and represents between 1.5 and + 2% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 22 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13218" + term_id: C13218 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr23: + common: + description: >- + The X or Y chromosome in human beings that determines the sex of an individual. + Females have two X chromosomes in diploid cells; males have an X and a Y chromosome. + The sex chromosomes comprise the 23rd chromosome pair in a human karyotype. + termDef: + term: >- + Sex Chromosome + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C33542" + term_id: C33542 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr3: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the third largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 3 spans almost 200 million base pairs and represents about + 6.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 3 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13219" + term_id: C13219 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr4: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the fourth largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 4 spans more than 186 million base pairs and represents between + 6 and 6.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 4 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13220" + term_id: C13220 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr5: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the fifth largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 5 spans about 181 million base pairs and represents almost + 6% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 5 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13221" + term_id: C13221 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr6: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the sixth largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 6 spans more than 170 million base pairs and represents between + 5.5 and 6% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 6 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13222" + term_id: C13222 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr7: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the seventh largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 7 spans more than 158 million base pairs and represents between + 5 and 5.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 7 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13223" + term_id: C13223 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr8: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the eighth largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 8 spans about 145 million base pairs and represents between + 4.5 and 5.0% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 8 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13224" + term_id: C13224 + term_version: 20.10d + +chr9: + common: + description: >- + The designation for each member of the ninth largest human autosomal chromosome + pair. Chromosome 9 spans about 145 million base pairs of nucleic acids and represents + between 4 and 4.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome 9 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13225" + term_id: C13225 + term_version: 20.10d + +chrimerism: + common: + description: >- + The occurrence in an individual of two or more cell populations of different + chromosomal constitutions, derived from different individuals. This contrasts + with mosaicism in which the different cell populations are derived from a single + individual. + termDef: + term: >- + Chimerism + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C62582" + term_id: C62582 + term_version: 20.10d + +chrm: + common: + description: >- + Typically small, circular, intronless, and maternally inherited, mitochondrial + DNA (mtDNA) is the multicopy deoxyribonucleic acid genome of mitochondria, intracellular + organelles responsible for vital respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation + reactions in higher eukaryotes. Replicated and transcribed by a separate enzymatic + machinery from that of nuclear DNA, mtDNA encodes only a subset of mitochondrial + functions. (NCI04) + termDef: + term: >- + Mitochondrial DNA + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C28512" + term_id: C28512 + term_version: 20.10d + +chromogranin_a: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of chromogranin A present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromogranin A Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122108" + term_id: C122108 + term_version: 20.10d + +chromogranin_b: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of chromogranin B present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromogranin B Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174116" + term_id: C174116 + term_version: 20.10d + +chrx: + common: + description: >- + The sex chromosome that is present in both sexes: singly in males and doubly + in females. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome X + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13285" + term_id: C13285 + term_version: 20.10d + +chry: + common: + description: >- + The y-shaped sex chromosome. In mammals, its presence or absence determines + male or female sex. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosome Y + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13286" + term_id: C13286 + term_version: 20.10d + +chst11: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the metabolism of chondroitin sulfate. + termDef: + term: >- + CHST11 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143061" + term_id: C143061 + term_version: 20.10d + +cic: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the modulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + CIC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97912" + term_id: C97912 + term_version: 20.10d + +ciita: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + CIITA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96013" + term_id: C96013 + term_version: 20.10d + +ciltacabtagene_autoleucel: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are transduced, ex vivo, with + LCAR-B38M, a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) + containing two bispecific anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) variable fragments + of llama heavy-chain murine antibodies fused to the signaling domain of 4-1BB + (CD137), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The + antigen-binding region of the CAR is a non-scFv structure targeting two distinct + regions of BCMA. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, ciltacabtagene + autoleucel are directed to cells expressing BCMA, bind to two different epitopes + on BCMA and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, + a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing + ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor + necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma + cell survival. BCMA is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148498" + term_id: C148498 + term_version: 20.10d + +cinrebafusp_alfa: + common: + description: >- + A bivalent, bispecific fusion protein comprised of an anti-human epidermal growth + factor receptor (HER2) monoclonal antibody linked to a CD137-targeting anticalin + with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration + of cinrebafusp alfa, CD137 clustering is promoted by bridging CD137-positive + T-cells with HER2-positive tumor cells, leading to the recruitment of tumor + antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated + lysis of HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2 plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation + and tumor vascularization. CD137 is a costimulatory immunoreceptor and a member + of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). Anticalins are synthetic + antigen-binding proteins derived from lipocalins. Structurally dissimilar to + antibodies, anticalins are able to bind to smaller antigens and exhibit improved + tissue penetration. + termDef: + term: >- + Cinrebafusp Alfa + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C142890" + term_id: C142890 + term_version: 20.10d + +cintirorgon: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable agonist of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor gamma + (RORg), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon + oral administration of cintirorgon, this agent selectively binds to the nuclear + receptor transcription factor RORg, forming a receptor complex that translocates + to the nucleus, and binds to ROR response elements (ROREs), enhancing the function, + proliferation and survival of type 17 T-cells, including Th17 (helper T-cells) + and Tc17 (cytotoxic T-cells). This may increase the expression of co-stimulatory + molecules and decrease the expression of co-inhibitory molecules on T-cells + leading to increased production of cytokines and chemokines by T-cells, decreased + proliferation of regulatory T-cells (Tregs), and abrogation of tumor-induced + immunosuppression. This ultimately induces a T-cell-mediated immune response + against cancer cells and leads to a reduction in tumor cell growth. RORg, the + nuclear receptor transcription factor that is involved in Th17/Tc17 differentiation, + plays a key role in immune activation. + termDef: + term: >- + Cintirorgon + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C131294" + term_id: C131294 + term_version: 20.10d + +circulating_tumor_cells: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of circulating tumor cells present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Circulating Tumor Cell Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96593" + term_id: C96593 + term_version: 20.10d + +ck1alphacdk7cdk9_inhibitor_btxa51: + common: + description: >- + The ditosylated salt of A51, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of casein kinase + 1alpha (CK1alpha) and cyclin-dependent kinases 7 and 9 (CDK7 and CDK9), with + potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BTX-A51 binds to and + inhibits the activity of CK1alpha, CDK7, and CDK9. Blocking the phosphorylation + and kinase activity of CK1alpha prevents the enhanced binding of murine double + minute X (MDMX) to p53, the formation of CK1alpha and MDM2 complex, and the + resulting inhibition of p53. This induces p53-mediated cell cycle arrest, slowing + tumor cell proliferation. Blocking the phosphorylation and kinase activity of + CDK7 and CDK9 prevents the positive transcription elongation factor b (PTEFb)-mediated + activation of RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) and leads to the inhibition of + gene transcription of various anti-apoptotic proteins. This also induces cell + cycle arrest and apoptosis, slowing tumor cell proliferation. CK1alpha, a serine/threonine + kinase and a leukemic stem cell target, acts as a tumor suppressor in several + cancers through the negative regulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and p53. + It negatively regulates p53 by phosphorylating MDMX, thus enhancing binding + of MDMX to p53, as well as by forming a complex with MDM2. CDK7, a serine/threonine + kinase, plays a role in controlling cell cycle progression, transcriptional + regulation, and promotes the expression of key oncogenes such as c-Myc through + the phosphorylation of RNA Pol II. CDK9, also a serine/threonine kinase, regulates + elongation of transcription through phosphorylation of RNA Pol II at serine + 2 (p-Ser2-RNAPII). It is upregulated in various tumor cell types and plays a + key role in the regulation of RNA Pol II-mediated transcription of anti-apoptotic + proteins. Tumor cells are dependent on anti-apoptotic proteins for their survival. + termDef: + term: >- + CK1alpha/CDK7/CDK9 Inhibitor BTX-A51 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C169027" + term_id: C169027 + term_version: 20.10d + +clip1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both endocytosis and mitosis. + termDef: + term: >- + CLIP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C84464" + term_id: C84464 + term_version: 20.10d + +clonal: + common: + description: >- + A population of cells or organisms that are identifiable by specific, shared + characteristics and presumed to have originated from a single progenitor. + termDef: + term: >- + Monoclonal Cellular Population Present + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96960" + term_id: C96960 + term_version: 20.10d + +clp1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in RNA processing. + termDef: + term: >- + CLP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97528" + term_id: C97528 + term_version: 20.10d + +cltc: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both the formation of cellular vesicles and receptor-mediated + endocytosis. + termDef: + term: >- + CLTC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97412" + term_id: C97412 + term_version: 20.10d + +cltcl1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both receptor-mediated endocytosis and vesicle formation. + termDef: + term: >- + CLTCL1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97415" + term_id: C97415 + term_version: 20.10d + +cnbd1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cyclic nucleotide binding. + termDef: + term: >- + CNBD1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143056" + term_id: C143056 + term_version: 20.10d + +cnbp: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in sterol-mediated transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + CNBP Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97888" + term_id: C97888 + term_version: 20.10d + +cnot3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in mRNA degradation, miRNA-mediated repression, translational + regulation and general transcription regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + CNOT3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C107658" + term_id: C107658 + term_version: 20.10d + +cntnap2: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in axonal structure. + termDef: + term: >- + CNTNAP2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C73461" + term_id: C73461 + term_version: 20.10d + +cntrl: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cell cycle progression. + termDef: + term: >- + CNTRL Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97891" + term_id: C97891 + term_version: 20.10d + +cobolimab: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor, T-cell immunoglobulin + and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular + receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, cobolimab binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain + T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell + inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic + T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which results in a reduction in tumor growth. + TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is associated + with tumor-mediated immune suppression. + termDef: + term: >- + Cobolimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C128627" + term_id: C128627 + term_version: 20.10d + +coding_sequence_variant: + common: + description: >- + A change in the nucleotide sequence of an exon in a gene. + termDef: + term: >- + Exon Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148639" + term_id: C148639 + term_version: 20.10d + +cofetuzumab_pelidotin: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody + against human inactive tyrosine-protein kinase 7 (PTK7) linked, via a cleavable + valine-citrulline linker, to an analog of the auristatin microtubule inhibitor + dolastatin 10, auristatin-0101, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + administration, cofetuzumab pelidotin targets and binds to PTK7 expressed on + tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and cleavage, auristatin-0101 binds + to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and + apoptosis of PTK7-expressing tumor cells. PTK7, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), + is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Cofetuzumab Pelidotin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C123828" + term_id: C123828 + term_version: 20.10d + +col1a1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays an important structural role in cartilage and mutations in the + gene are associated with osteogenesis imperfecta. + termDef: + term: >- + COL1A1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C29949" + term_id: C29949 + term_version: 20.10d + +col2a1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both skeletal development and cartilage structure. + termDef: + term: >- + COL2A1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C75315" + term_id: C75315 + term_version: 20.10d + +col3a1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in collagen formation in connective tissues. + termDef: + term: >- + COL3A1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143052" + term_id: C143052 + term_version: 20.10d + +coltuximab_ravtansine: + common: + description: >- + An immunoconjugate consisting of an anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody conjugated + to the maytansinoid DM4, a derivative of the cytotoxic agent maytansine (DM1), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Coltuximab ravtansine targets the cell + surface antigen CD19, found on a number of B-cell-derived cancers. Upon antibody/antigen + binding and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases DM4, which binds to + tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in + inhibition of cell division and cell growth of CD19-expressing tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Coltuximab Ravtansine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C71009" + term_id: C71009 + term_version: 20.10d + +commensal_bacterial_strain_formulation_ve800: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable formulation composed of eleven alive, distinct nonpathogenic, + nontoxigenic, human commensal bacterial strains, isolated from healthy human + donor feces, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration of the commensal bacterial strain formulation VE800, the + bacterial strains induce an interferon-gamma (IFN-g)-producing CD8-positive + T-cell-mediated immune response in the intestines. This may activate an IFN-g-expressing + CD8+ T-cell -mediated anti-cancer immune response and may eradicate tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Commensal Bacterial Strain Formulation VE800 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167393" + term_id: C167393 + term_version: 20.10d + +comparative_genomic_hybridization: + common: + description: >- + Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a technique that allows the detection + of losses and gains in DNA copy number across the entire genome without prior + knowledge of specific chromosomal abnormalities. Comparative genomic hybridization + utilizes the hybridization of differentially labeled tumor and reference DNA + to generate a map of DNA copy number changes in tumor genomes. Comparative genomic + hybridization is an ideal tool for analyzing chromosomal imbalances in archived + tumor material and for examining possible correlations between these findings + and tumor phenotypes. (from Ried et al. J Mol Med 1997 75:801-14) + termDef: + term: >- + Comparative Genomic Hybridization + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18084" + term_id: C18084 + term_version: 20.10d + +connective_tissue: + common: + description: >- + Supporting tissue that surrounds other tissues and organs. Specialized connective + tissue includes bone, cartilage, blood, and fat. + termDef: + term: >- + Connective Tissue + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C12374" + term_id: C12374 + term_version: 20.10d + +conversion: + common: + description: >- + A rearrangement where nonreciprocal transfer of genetic information between + two sites in the genome lead to the deletion of one sequence and the duplication + of the transferred sequence. + termDef: + term: >- + Conversion Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165230" + term_id: C165230 + term_version: 20.10d + +copper_cu_67_tyr3octreotate: + common: + description: >- + A radioconjugate consisting of the tyrosine-containing somatostatin analog Tyr3-octreotate + (TATE) conjugated with the bifunctional chelator 5-(8-methyl-3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaaza-bicyclo[6.6.6]icosan-1-ylamino)-5-oxopentanoic + acid (MeCOSar) and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope copper Cu + 67, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, copper Cu 67 + Tyr3-octreotate binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), with high affinity + to type 2 SSTR, present on the cell membranes of many types of neuroendocrine + tumor (NET) cells. Upon binding and internalization, this radioconjugate specifically + delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to SSTR-positive cells. TATE is + an octreotide derivative in which phenylalanine at position 3 is substituted + by tyrosine and position 8 threoninol is replaced with threonine. SSTRs have + been shown to be present in large numbers on NET and their metastases, while + most other normal tissues express low levels of SSTRs. + termDef: + term: >- + Copper Cu 67 Tyr3-octreotate + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171370" + term_id: C171370 + term_version: 20.10d + +copy_number_reported: + common: + description: >- + The number of molecules of a particular type on or in a cell or part of a cell. + Usually applied to specific genes or to plasmids within a bacterium. + termDef: + term: >- + Copy Number + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C49142" + term_id: C49142 + term_version: 20.10d + +cord_blood_derived_car_tcells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of umbilical cord blood (CB)-derived T-lymphocytes that are genetically + engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that targets an as of + yet unidentified tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunomodulatory + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the cord blood derived + CAR T-cells, the T-cells target, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in + tumor cells expressing the TAA. + termDef: + term: >- + Cord Blood Derived CAR T-Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172058" + term_id: C172058 + term_version: 20.10d + +cosibelimab: + common: + description: >- + An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), human monoclonal antibody directed against the + immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of + differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and + antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cosibelimab specifically targets + and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed + cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses + T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic + T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing + tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding + to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. + PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed + on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits + the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Cosibelimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C151947" + term_id: C151947 + term_version: 20.10d + +cox6c: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in mitochondrial respiration. + termDef: + term: >- + COX6C Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24308" + term_id: C24308 + term_version: 20.10d + +coxsackievirus_v937: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of naturally occurring, oncolytic enterovirus, with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, coxsackievirus V937 targets and + binds to intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and decay acceleration factor + (DAF), both cell surface molecules that are overexpressed on certain malignant + cells. After entering the cells, coxsackievirus V937 replicates in these cancer + cells, thereby causing cancer cell lysis. This results in a reduction of tumor + cell growth. + termDef: + term: >- + Coxsackievirus V937 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C61493" + term_id: C61493 + term_version: 20.10d + +creb1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and its activity is modulated + in response to hormonal stimulation from the cAMP pathway. + termDef: + term: >- + CREB1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38536" + term_id: C38536 + term_version: 20.10d + +creb3l1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation in response to cellular + stress. + termDef: + term: >- + CREB3L1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95477" + term_id: C95477 + term_version: 20.10d + +creb3l2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the response to cellular stress. + termDef: + term: >- + CREB3L2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95480" + term_id: C95480 + term_version: 20.10d + +crebbp: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation and in NF-kappa B signal + transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + CREBBP Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26568" + term_id: C26568 + term_version: 20.10d + +cribiform: + common: + description: >- + A morphologic finding indicating the presence of sheets of malignant epithelial + cells punctuated by gland-like spaces in a tissue sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Cribriform Pattern + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C35920" + term_id: C35920 + term_version: 20.10d + +crlf2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cytokine binding and signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + CRLF2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97430" + term_id: C97430 + term_version: 20.10d + +crnkl1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in RNA binding and pre-mRNA splicing. + termDef: + term: >- + CRNKL1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143049" + term_id: C143049 + term_version: 20.10d + +crtc1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the positive regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + CRTC1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95449" + term_id: C95449 + term_version: 20.10d + +crtc3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + CRTC3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95276" + term_id: C95276 + term_version: 20.10d + +csf1r: + common: + description: >- + This gene is essential for the regulation of the production, differentiation, + and function of macrophages. + termDef: + term: >- + CSF1R Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18516" + term_id: C18516 + term_version: 20.10d + +csf1r_inhibitor_absk021: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; + CSF-1R; CD115; M-CSFR), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, CSF1R inhibitor ABSK021 targets and binds to CSF1R, thereby + blocking CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling. This inhibits the activities + of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells + (MDSCs), and prevents immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). + This enhances antitumor T-cell immune responses and inhibits the proliferation + of tumor cells. CSF1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor + (M-CSFR) and CD115 (cluster of differentiation 115), is a cell-surface receptor + that plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + CSF1R Inhibitor ABSK021 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173651" + term_id: C173651 + term_version: 20.10d + +csf3r: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays an inhibitory role in cell survival and proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + CSF3R Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24313" + term_id: C24313 + term_version: 20.10d + +csmd3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in neuronal development. + termDef: + term: >- + CSMD3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143042" + term_id: C143042 + term_version: 20.10d + +ctcf: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in epigenetic control of gene expression. + termDef: + term: >- + CTCF Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C73679" + term_id: C73679 + term_version: 20.10d + +ctnna2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell-cell adhesion and cellular differentiation in + the nervous system. + termDef: + term: >- + CTNNA2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143115" + term_id: C143115 + term_version: 20.10d + +ctnnb1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in signal transduction and regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + CTNNB1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20987" + term_id: C20987 + term_version: 20.10d + +ctnnd1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + CTNND1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C79770" + term_id: C79770 + term_version: 20.10d + +ctnnd2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of both transcription and signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + CTNND2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C82941" + term_id: C82941 + term_version: 20.10d + +cul3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in protein degradation and cell cycle arrest. + termDef: + term: >- + CUL3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24323" + term_id: C24323 + term_version: 20.10d + +cux1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both transcriptional regulation and Golgi vesicle transport. + termDef: + term: >- + CUX1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95578" + term_id: C95578 + term_version: 20.10d + +cxcr4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the mediation of viral entry into cells and cellular + migration and chemotaxis. + termDef: + term: >- + CXCR4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24327" + term_id: C24327 + term_version: 20.10d + +cxcr4eselectin_antagonist_gmi1359: + common: + description: >- + An antagonist of both the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and E-selectin + (CD62E), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CXCR4/E-selectin + antagonist GMI-1359 binds to both CXCR4 and E-selectin expressed on endothelial + cells. The binding to CXCR4 prevents the binding of stromal-cell derived factor-1 + (SDF-1; CXCL12) to CXCR4 and inhibits CXCR4 activation, which may result in + decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-expressing tumor cells. The binding + to E-selectin expressed on endothelial cells prevents their interaction with + E-selectin ligand-expressing cancer cells. This may prevent tumor cell activation, + migration and metastasis. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled + receptor (GPCR) family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis, + and is upregulated in several tumor cell types. E-selectin is a cell adhesion + molecule involved in cell rolling, signaling and chemotaxis. Its overexpression + has been associated with tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in several cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + CXCR4/E-selectin Antagonist GMI-1359 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167271" + term_id: C167271 + term_version: 20.10d + +cyld: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in protein deubiquitination. + termDef: + term: >- + CYLD Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C92678" + term_id: C92678 + term_version: 20.10d + +cyp11a1_inhibitor_odm209: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome 450 side-chain cleavage + (scc)(CYP11A1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, + CYP11A1 inhibitor ODM-209 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CYP11A1. + This prevents the synthesis of all steroid hormones and their precursors. This + may inhibit the proliferation of hormone-positive tumor cells. CYP11A1, a mitochondrial + enzyme, catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone (Preg), which + is the first rate-limiting step in steroid hormone biosynthesis. + termDef: + term: >- + CYP11A1 Inhibitor ODM-209 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172052" + term_id: C172052 + term_version: 20.10d + +cyp17cyp11b2_inhibitor_lae001: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, non-steroidal, potent, reversible, dual inhibitor of + cytochrome P450 17 (CYP17 or CYP17A1) and CYP11B2, with potential antiandrogen + and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, LAE001 inhibits the + enzymatic activity of CYP17A1 in both the testes and adrenal glands, thereby + inhibiting androgen production. This may decrease androgen-dependent growth + signaling and may inhibit cell proliferation of androgen-dependent tumor cells. + LAE001 also inhibits the enzymatic activity of CYP11B2, thereby inhibiting aldosterone + production. This may reduce the elevated aldosterone levels resulting from CYP17 + inhibition and androgen deprivation, leading to a reduction in mineralocorticoid + side effects including cardiovascular complications. The cytochrome P450 enzyme + CYP17A1, localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, exhibits both 17alpha-hydroxylase + and 17,20-lyase activities, and plays a key role in the steroidogenic pathway + that produces steroidal hormones. The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP11B2, aldosterone + synthase, is an enzyme that plays a key role in aldosterone biosynthesis. + termDef: + term: >- + CYP17/CYP11B2 Inhibitor LAE001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102855" + term_id: C102855 + term_version: 20.10d + +cyp2c8: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in drug metabolism. It is also involved in the oxidation + of both endobiotics and xenobiotics. + termDef: + term: >- + CYP2C8 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C46071" + term_id: C46071 + term_version: 20.10d + +cysltr2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cysteinyl leukotriene binding and signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + CYSLTR2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143039" + term_id: C143039 + term_version: 20.10d + +cytogenetics_nos: + common: + description: >- + Techniques for analysis of chromosomal and subchromosomal properties and structures, + such as those to diagnose, classify, screen for, or manage genetic diseases + and abnormalities. + termDef: + term: >- + Cytogenetic Analysis + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18280" + term_id: C18280 + term_version: 20.10d + +daratumumab_and_hyaluronidasefihj: + common: + description: >- + A co-formulation composed of daratumumab, a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 kappa + monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein cluster of + differentiation 38 (CD-38; CD38), and a recombinant form of human hyaluronidase + (rHuPH20), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration + of daratumumab and hyaluronidase-fihj, daratumumab targets and binds to CD38 + on certain CD38-expressing tumors, such as multiple myeloma (MM) and plasma + cell leukemia. This binding induces direct apoptosis through Fc-mediated cross-linking + and triggers immune-mediated tumor cell lysis through antibody-dependent cellular + cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and antibody-dependent + cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) immune responses. CD38, a transmembrane glycoprotein, + is expressed in both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic lineage cells. Hyaluronidase-fihj + hydrolyzes and degrades the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid (HA), thereby + decreasing interstitial viscosity and enhancing penetration of daratumumab through + the interstitial space. This facilitates the delivery of daratumumab to CD38-expressing + tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Daratumumab and Hyaluronidase-fihj + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C156401" + term_id: C156401 + term_version: 20.10d + +daxx: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction, regulation of transcription and + enhancement of apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + DAXX Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24330" + term_id: C24330 + term_version: 20.10d + +dcaf12l2: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in protein complex formation. + termDef: + term: >- + DCAF12L2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143036" + term_id: C143036 + term_version: 20.10d + +dcc: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of several processes that determine + neuronal cell morphology. + termDef: + term: >- + DCC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17358" + term_id: C17358 + term_version: 20.10d + +dctn1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the modulation of retrograde transport of cytoplasmic + organelles and vesicles. + termDef: + term: >- + DCTN1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122875" + term_id: C122875 + term_version: 20.10d + +ddb2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in DNA repair. + termDef: + term: >- + DDB2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C93075" + term_id: C93075 + term_version: 20.10d + +ddit3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the modulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + DDIT3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C92539" + term_id: C92539 + term_version: 20.10d + +ddr2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in extracellular matrix communication processes and receptor-mediated + signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + DDR2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24333" + term_id: C24333 + term_version: 20.10d + +ddx10: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both RNA metabolism and ATP hydrolysis. + termDef: + term: >- + DDX10 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97457" + term_id: C97457 + term_version: 20.10d + +ddx3x: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in RNA binding. + termDef: + term: >- + DDX3X Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101565" + term_id: C101565 + term_version: 20.10d + +ddx5: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the mediation of RNA metabolism. + termDef: + term: >- + DDX5 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97460" + term_id: C97460 + term_version: 20.10d + +ddx6: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the translation of mRNA encoded by genes involved + in cell proliferation and malignant transformation. + termDef: + term: >- + DDX6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18378" + term_id: C18378 + term_version: 20.10d + +decitabine_and_cedazuridine: + common: + description: >- + An orally available fixed-dose combination agent containing cedazuridine, a + cytidine deaminase (CDA) inhibitor, and the cytidine antimetabolite decitabine, + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of tdecitabine + and cedazuridine, cedazuridine binds to and inhibits CDA, an enzyme primarily + found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver that catalyzes the deamination + of cytidine and cytidine analogs. This prevents the breakdown of decitabine, + increases its bioavailability and efficacy while decreasing GI toxicity due + to the administration of lower doses of decitabine. Decitabine exerts its antineoplastic + activity through the incorporation of its triphosphate form into DNA, which + inhibits DNA methyltransferase and results in hypomethylation of DNA. This interferes + with DNA replication and decreases tumor cell growth. + termDef: + term: >- + Decitabine and Cedazuridine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C115102" + term_id: C115102 + term_version: 20.10d + +dek: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in RNA processing and regulation of chromatin organization. + termDef: + term: >- + DEK Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24339" + term_id: C24339 + term_version: 20.10d + +deletion: + common: + description: >- + Any rearrangement to the genomic content that results in the loss of one or + more nucleotides of DNA. Deletions are generally irreversible rearrangements. + They may alter the reading frame of a gene, or may result in loss of large chromosomal + regions. + termDef: + term: >- + Deletion Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C19296" + term_id: C19296 + term_version: 20.10d + +deletioninsertion: + common: + description: >- + A change in a nucleotide sequence where nucleotides in a reference sequence + are replaced by other nucleotides and which is not a substitution, inversion + or conversion. + termDef: + term: >- + Delins Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171175" + term_id: C171175 + term_version: 20.10d + +delolimogene_mupadenorepvec: + common: + description: >- + A double-armed oncolytic adenovirus composed of a recombinant genetically modified + E1/E3-deleted, adenoviral serotype 5 (Ad5) vector, with the L5 segment of the + Ad5 fiber replaced by the shaft and knob from the Ad35 serotype (Ad5/35), which + expresses a trimerized (TMZ) form of the membrane-bound immunostimulator CD40 + ligand (CD40L; TNFSF5) and the ligand for the signaling domain 4-1BB (4-1BBL; + CD137L; TNFSF9), under the control of a CMV promoter, with potential immunostimulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration of delolimogene + mupadenorepvec, the virus infects and selectively replicates in tumor cells. + This causes direct oncolysis and the release of a plethora of tumor-associated + antigens (TAAs) from the tumor cells. The released TAAs stimulate the immune + system and activate anti-tumor cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), thereby further + killing tumor cells. In addition, infected tumor cells and tumor stroma cells, + including stellate cells and infiltrating immune cells, express the immunostimulants + CD40L and 4-1BBL. The expressed CD40L and 4-1BBL proteins activate the CD40L- + and 4-1BBL-mediated signaling pathways, respectively. This activates antigen-presenting + cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs) and M1 macrophages. The DCs produce + various cytokines, including interleukin-12 (IL12), IL21, tumor necrosis factor-alpha + (TNFa), and interferon-gamma (IFNg), which leads to the activation and expansion + of both T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Altogether, this modulates immune + suppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME), disrupts tumor stroma, and + causes additional immune stimulation against tumor cells, thereby inducing further + tumor cell lysis. In addition, CD40L reduces myeloid suppressor cells in the + TME. Inclusion of the chimeric Ad5/35 fiber targets CD46 and increases viral + uptake in cells. Transgene expression is driven by a separate promoter to allow + for efficient expression in both tumor cells and tumor stroma. Replication is + restricted to tumor cells by the presence of the delta24 mutation in the E1A + gene, which deletes the retinoplastoma protein (pRb)-binding domain and forces + viral replication to be conditional on hyperphosphorylated pRb and a dysfunctional + Rb pathway. + termDef: + term: >- + Delolimogene Mupadenorepvec + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148462" + term_id: C148462 + term_version: 20.10d + +dendrimerconjugated_bcl2bclxl_inhibitor_azd0466: + common: + description: >- + A drug-dendrimer conjugate composed of a B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-XL inhibitor + AZD4320 that is chemically conjugated to a proprietary 5-generation pegylated + poly-lysine dendrimer via a hydrolytically labile linker, with potential pro-apoptotic + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of AZD0466, AZD4320 is released + through hydrolytic cleavage of the linker. AZD4320 is a Bcl2-homology domain + 3 (BH3) mimetic that specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of the + anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. This restores apoptotic processes + and inhibits cell proliferation in Bcl-2/Bcl-XL-dependent tumor cells. Bcl-2 + and Bcl-XL, proteins belonging to the Bcl-2 family that are overexpressed in + many cancers, play an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis. + Their expression in tumors is associated with increased drug resistance and + cancer cell survival. The conjugation of AZD 4320 to the dendrimer construct + may allow extended release of the agent, which may improve efficacy and lower + toxicity. + termDef: + term: >- + Dendrimer-conjugated Bcl-2/Bcl-XL Inhibitor AZD0466 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173660" + term_id: C173660 + term_version: 20.10d + +dengue_virus_adjuvant_pv001dv: + common: + description: >- + 45AZ5, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration of dengue + virus adjuvant PV-001-DV, the virus may activate both the innate and adaptive + immune system. + termDef: + term: >- + Dengue Virus Adjuvant PV-001-DV + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173443" + term_id: C173443 + term_version: 20.10d + +dgcr8: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in microRNA processing. + termDef: + term: >- + DGCR8 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C92663" + term_id: C92663 + term_version: 20.10d + +dicer1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the RNA interference pathway. + termDef: + term: >- + DICER1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C25956" + term_id: C25956 + term_version: 20.10d + +dilpacimab: + common: + description: >- + A dual-specific, tetravalent immunoglobulin (Ig) G-like molecule targeting two + as of yet not publicly known targets, with potential antineoplastic activity. + The target-binding variable domains of two monoclonal antibodies, which are + not publicly known, are combined, via linkers, to create the tetravalent, dual-targeting + single agent ABT-165. Upon administration of dual variable domain immunoglobulin + (DVD-Ig) ABT-165, the target-binding variable domains specifically recognize + and simultaneously bind to their two antigens expressed on tumor cells. This + may both prevent antigen-mediated signaling and lead to an inhibition of cellular + proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. The antigen targets are overexpressed + on certain tumor cell types. The DVD-Ig may have enhanced physicochemical and + pharmacokinetic properties as compared to their antibody counterparts. + termDef: + term: >- + Dilpacimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C116750" + term_id: C116750 + term_version: 20.10d + +diploid: + common: + description: >- + Having two sets of homologous chromosomes. + termDef: + term: >- + Diploidy + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C118941" + term_id: C118941 + term_version: 20.10d + +dna: + common: + description: >- + A long linear double-stranded polymer formed from nucleotides attached to a + deoxyribose backbone and found in the nucleus of a cell; associated with the + transmission of genetic information. + termDef: + term: >- + DNA + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C449" + term_id: C449 + term_version: 20.10d + +dnapk_inhibitor_azd7648: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable ATP-competitive inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase + (DNA-PK), with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activites. + Upon oral administration, DNA-PK inhibitor AZD7648 selectively targets, binds + to and inhibits the activity of DNA-PK, thereby interfering with the non-homologous + end joining (NHEJ) process and preventing repair of DNA double strand breaks + (DSBs) caused by ionizing radiation or chemotherapeutic treatment. This increases + chemo- and radiotherapy cytotoxicity leading to enhanced tumor cell death. AZD7648 + may also increase the effect of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors + and may work as a monotherapy in tumors with high endogenous levels of DNA damage + resulting from defects in other DNA repair pathways. The enhanced ability of + tumor cells to repair DSBs plays a major role in the resistance of tumor cells + to chemo- and radiotherapy. DNA-PK plays a key role in the NHEJ pathway and + DSB repair. + termDef: + term: >- + DNA-PK inhibitor AZD7648 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168692" + term_id: C168692 + term_version: 20.10d + +dnapkpi3kdelta_inhibitor_br101801: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta (PI3-kinase + subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta) and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), + with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, + the DNA-PK/PI3K-delta inhibitor BR101801 inhibits the activity of both PI3K-delta + and DNA-PK. This prevents PI3K-mediated signaling pathways and may lead to the + inhibition of cancer cell growth in PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Specifically, + since PI3K regulates c-myc expression, inhibition of PI3K signaling may lead + to a decrease in proliferation of c-myc-expressing tumor cells. Also, by inhibiting + the activity of DNA-PK, this agent interferes with the non-homologous end joining + (NHEJ) process and prevents the repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) caused + by ionizing radiation or chemotherapeutic treatment. This increases chemo- and + radiotherapy cytotoxicity by inhibiting the ability of tumor cells to repair + damaged DNA. The PI3K pathway is upregulated in a variety of tumors and plays + an important role in regulating cancer cell proliferation, growth, and survival. + DNA-PK is activated upon DNA damage and plays a key role in repairing double-stranded + DNA breaks. The enhanced ability of tumor cells to repair DSBs plays a major + role in the resistance of tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy. In addition, + BR101801 is able to decrease Tregs and increase CD8 lymphocytes. + termDef: + term: >- + DNA-PK/PI3K-delta Inhibitor BR101801 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172111" + term_id: C172111 + term_version: 20.10d + +dnajb1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of protein folding. + termDef: + term: >- + DNAJB1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122560" + term_id: C122560 + term_version: 20.10d + +dnm2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both GTP hydrolysis and microtubule organization. + termDef: + term: >- + DNM2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102796" + term_id: C102796 + term_version: 20.10d + +dnmt1_inhibitor_ntx301: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), with + potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DNMT1 inhibitor + NTX-301 targets ad binds to DNMT1, thereby inhibiting the activity of DNMT1. + This may prevent DNA methylation, induce DNA hypomethylation, and activate tumor + suppressor genes silenced by hypermethylation. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. + DNMT1, a member of the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) family, plays an important + role in maintaining the DNA methylation pattern. Dysregulation of DNMT1 has + been associated with a number of cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + DNMT1 Inhibitor NTX-301 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174424" + term_id: C174424 + term_version: 20.10d + +dnmt3a: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in epigenetic modification of DNA. + termDef: + term: >- + DNMT3A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C73652" + term_id: C73652 + term_version: 20.10d + +dociparstat_sodium: + common: + description: >- + A heparin derivative in which the 2-O and 3-O sulfate groups of heparin are + removed and that lacks anticoagulant activity, with potential anti-inflammatory, + immodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dociparstat + sodium binds to both chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) + and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). This prevents the interaction of CXCL12 + with CXCR4, blocks CXCR4 activation, and may result in decreased proliferation + and migration in CXCR4-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, inhibition of + CXCL12/CXCR4 interaction may induce mobilization of hematopoietic cells from + the bone marrow into the blood. In addition, dociparstat sodium prevents the + interaction of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) with + its ligands, including advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), Mac-1(CD11b/CD18), + the nuclear pro-inflammatory protein high mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB-1), + carboxymethyl lysine-bovine serum albumin (CML-BSA) and members of the S100 + calgranulin family. In addition, this agent inhibits the enzymes heparanase, + cathepsin G, and human leukocyte elastase, which are involved in inflammation + and metastasis. Altogether, this may inhibit tumor cell invasiveness and metastasis. + Dociparstat sodium also binds to platelet factor 4 (PF4 or CXCL4) and may prevent + PF4's inhibitory effect on platelet production. This may increase platelet production. + Unlike heparin, this agent does not induce heparin-induced thrombocytopenia + (HIT). RAGE, a receptor belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays a + key role in inflammation and is overexpressed in a variety of cancers. CXCR4 + is a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family + that plays an important role in chemotaxis, chemoresistance and angiogenesis, + and is upregulated in several tumor cell types. The interaction between CXCL12/CXCR4 + induces retention of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. + termDef: + term: >- + Dociparstat sodium + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C99130" + term_id: C99130 + term_version: 20.10d + +dostarlimab: + common: + description: >- + A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory + human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; programmed death-1), + with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon + administration, dostarlimab binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling + pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells. + PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the Ig superfamily expressed on T-cells, functions + as an immune checkpoint protein that negatively regulates T-cell activation + and T-cell-mediated immune responses when activated by its ligands programmed + cell death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role + in tumor evasion from host immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + Dostarlimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C126799" + term_id: C126799 + term_version: 20.10d + +downstream_gene_variant: + common: + description: >- + Any gene mutation that occurs in the sequences downstream from a coding region + of interest. + termDef: + term: >- + 3' Flank Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C63431" + term_id: C63431 + term_version: 20.10d + +doxorubicin_prodrugprodrugactivating_biomaterial_sq3370: + common: + description: >- + A formulation consisting of SQL70, a prodrug-activating biomaterial, and SQP33, + a prodrug of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of SQ3370, which consists of the + injection of SQL70 at the tumor site followed by the intravenous administration + of SQ3370, the prodrug SQP33 binds to, through an as of yet not identifiable + mechanism, to SQL70 at the tumor site. After binding, doxorubicin is released + over a period of days, intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase + II. This leads to an inhibition of DNA replication and repair, and prevents + RNA and protein synthesis. Compared to the systemic administration of doxorubicin + alone, SQ3370 may allow for higher and sustained delivery of active doxorubicin + directly to the tumor, which may increase its efficacy and limit its off-site, + systemic toxicity. + termDef: + term: >- + Doxorubicin Prodrug/Prodrug-activating Biomaterial SQ3370 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167221" + term_id: C167221 + term_version: 20.10d + +drosha: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the processing of microRNA in the nucleus. + termDef: + term: >- + DROSHA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C25955" + term_id: C25955 + term_version: 20.10d + +dtrmwxhs12everolimuspomalidomide_combination_agent_dtrm555: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable combination of DTRMWXHS-12, a Bruton's tyrosine kinase + (BTK) inhibitor, everolimus, a mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, + and pomalidomide, an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD), that may be used for the + treatment of B-cell malignancies. Upon oral administration of DTRM-555, the + DTRMWXHS-12 component inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation + of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell + activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways, and + leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. + BTK plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation + and survival of B-lymphocytes. The everolimus component binds to the immunophilin + FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate a complex that binds to and inhibits + the activation of mTOR, a key regulatory kinase. Upregulated in some tumors, + mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase involved in regulating cellular proliferation, + motility, and survival that is located downstream of the PI3K/Akt signaling + pathway. The pomalidomide component may inhibit TNF-alpha production, enhance + the activity of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells and enhance antibody-dependent + cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). In addition, pomalidomide may inhibit tumor angiogenesis, + promote cell cycle arrest in susceptible tumor cell populations, and stimulate + erythropoiesis. The combination of a BTK inhibitor, an mTOR inhibitor and an + IMiD may work synergistically to kill malignant B-cells and prevent drug resistance. + termDef: + term: >- + DTRMWXHS-12/Everolimus/Pomalidomide Combination Agent DTRM-555 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173999" + term_id: C173999 + term_version: 20.10d + +duplication: + common: + description: >- + Generation of an extra copy of a particular gene in the genome. A gene duplication + abnormality may occur by gene amplification, random breakage and reunion, retrotransposition + or unequal crossing-over at meiosis. A gene duplication abnormality can be either + heritable or somatic. + termDef: + term: >- + Gene Duplication Abnormality + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C45582" + term_id: C45582 + term_version: 20.10d + +dux4l1: + common: + description: >- + Human DUX4L1 gene is located in the vicinity of 4q35 and is approximately 2 + kb in length. The product is a processed pseudogene that produces an RNA transcript, + but does not encode a protein product. This gene is within a D4Z4 repeat array; + contraction of this macrosatellite repeat is associated with facioscapulohumeral + muscular dystrophy (FSHD). + termDef: + term: >- + DUX4L1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C124048" + term_id: C124048 + term_version: 20.10d + +ebf1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional activation. + termDef: + term: >- + EBF1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C80023" + term_id: C80023 + term_version: 20.10d + +ect2l: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in guanine nucleotide exchange. + termDef: + term: >- + ECT2L Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101452" + term_id: C101452 + term_version: 20.10d + +edicotinib: + common: + description: >- + A small molecule and orally available inhibitor of colony-stimulating factor-1 + receptor (CSF1R; FMS) with potential antineoplastic activity. Edicotinib blocks + the receptor-ligand interaction between FMS and its ligand CSF1, thereby preventing + autophosphorylation of FMS. As a result, unphosphorylated FMS can not activate + FMS-mediated signaling pathways, thus potentially inhibiting cell proliferation + in FMS-overexpressed tumor cells. FMS, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed + in certain tumor cell types and plays an essential role in macrophage differentiation, + recruitment, and activation as well as the regulation of cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + Edicotinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101519" + term_id: C101519 + term_version: 20.10d + +edodekin_alfa: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant form of the endogenous heterodimeric cytokine interleukin-12 with + potential antineoplastic activity. Edodekin alfa binds to and activates its + cell-surface receptor, stimulating the production of interferon-gamma (IFN) + which, in turn, induces IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and so inhibits + tumor angiogenesis. (NCI04) + termDef: + term: >- + Edodekin alfa + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C1380" + term_id: C1380 + term_version: 20.10d + +eed: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the negative regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + EED Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101721" + term_id: C101721 + term_version: 20.10d + +eftozanermin_alfa: + common: + description: >- + A fusion protein composed of a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing + ligand (TRAIL) receptor agonist consisting of six receptor binding domains (RBDs) + of TRAIL fused to the Fc-domain of a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody, + with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration + of eftozanermin alfa, this fusion protein binds to TRAIL-receptors, pro-apoptotic + death receptors (DRs) TRAIL-R1 (death receptor 4; DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (death receptor + 5; DR5), expressed on tumor cells, thereby inducing tumor cell apoptosis. ABBV-621 + is designed to maximize receptor clustering for optimal efficacy. TRAIL, a member + of the TNF superfamily of cytokines, plays a key role in the induction of apoptosis + through TRAIL-mediated death receptor pathways. + termDef: + term: >- + Eftozanermin Alfa + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C146854" + term_id: C146854 + term_version: 20.10d + +egfr: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the epidermal growth factor signal transduction pathway. + termDef: + term: >- + EGFR Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17757" + term_id: C17757 + term_version: 20.10d + +egfr_inhibitor_ty9591: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), including + activating mutations, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, + the EGFR inhibitor TY-9591 binds to and inhibits EGFR activating mutations, + including the resistance mutation T790M, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated + signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, + a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role + in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. + termDef: + term: >- + EGFR Inhibitor TY-9591 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175445" + term_id: C175445 + term_version: 20.10d + +egfr_mutantselective__inhibitor_tqb3804: + common: + description: >- + A fourth-generation, orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, epidermal growth + factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + oral administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor TQB3804 binds to and inhibits + the activity of mutant forms of EGFR, including the C797S EGFR mutant, thereby + preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit + tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase + mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation + and tumor vascularization. TQB3804 inhibits mutated forms of EGFR including + C797S, which prevents covalent bond formation with third-generation EGFR inhibitor + osimertinib leading to drug resistance. TQB3804 may have enhanced anti-tumor + effects in tumors with C797S-mediated resistance when compared to other EGFR + tyrosine kinase inhibitors. + termDef: + term: >- + EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor TQB3804 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173415" + term_id: C173415 + term_version: 20.10d + +egfregfrviii_inhibitor_wsd0922fu: + common: + description: >- + A blood-brain-barrier (BBB) penetrable selective inhibitor of epidermal growth + factor receptor (EGFR) and various EGFR mutations, including but not limited + to the EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) mutant form, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration of EGFR/EGFRvIII inhibitor WSD0922-FU, this agent + is able to penetrate the BBB and specifically targets, binds to and inhibits + EGFR and specific EGFR mutations, which prevents EGFR/EGFR mutant-mediated signaling + and leads to cell death in EGFR/EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. Compared + to other EGFR inhibitors that are not able to penetrate the BBB, WSD0922-FU + may have therapeutic benefits in brain tumors, such as glioblastoma (GBM) and + metastatic CNS tumors. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is mutated + in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + EGFR/EGFRvIII Inhibitor WSD0922-FU + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165778" + term_id: C165778 + term_version: 20.10d + +egfrher2_inhibitor_dzd9008: + common: + description: >- + An orally available, irreversible, dual kinase inhibitor of epidermal growth + factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) that + shows similar activity against certain activating mutations, including exon + 20 insertions (exon20ins), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral + administration, EGFR/HER2 inhibitor DZD9008 binds to and inhibits EGFR and HER2, + which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor + regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumors. EGFR and HER2 are receptor tyrosine + kinases that play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. + In contrast to other agents active against exon20ins mutations, DZD9008 appears + to be more selective against mutated EGFR than wild-type (wt) EGFR. This may + lessen wtEGFR-related dose-limiting toxicity and may allow for the administration + of the desired therapeutic dose of DZD9008. + termDef: + term: >- + EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor DZD9008 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167205" + term_id: C167205 + term_version: 20.10d + +egfrtgfb_fusion_monoclonal_antibody_bca101: + common: + description: >- + A bifunctional monoclonal antibody targeting both the receptor tyrosine kinase + epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the pro-inflammatory cytokine human + transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta; TGFb), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration of EGFR/TGFb fusion monoclonal antibody BCA101, + the anti-EGFR moiety targets, binds to and prevents activation of EGFR-mediated + signaling. This leads to an inhibition of EGFR-dependent downstream pathways + and EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. The anti-TGFb moiety + targets and binds to TGFb, thereby preventing the activation of TGFb-mediated + signaling pathways. This may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells in which + TGFb is overactivated. EGFR and TGFb, mutated and/or overexpressed on the surfaces + of various tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and + progression. + termDef: + term: >- + EGFR/TGFb Fusion Monoclonal Antibody BCA101 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173165" + term_id: C173165 + term_version: 20.10d + +egfrvegfrret_inhibitor_ha12128: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), + the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET) + and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), with potential anti-angiogenic + and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of HA121-28, this agent + targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR, RET and VEGFR. This prevents + EGFR-, RET- and VEGFR-mediated signaling, and may lead to the induction of apoptosis + and inhibition of tumor growth in EGFR-, RET- and VEGFR-overexpressing cells. + EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key + role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. Dysregulation of + RET activity plays a key role in the development and progression of a variety + of cancers. Expression of VEGFR is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types; + it plays a key role in the migration, proliferation and survival of endothelial + cells, microvessel formation, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and + tumor cell death. + termDef: + term: >- + EGFR/VEGFR/RET Inhibitor HA121-28 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173436" + term_id: C173436 + term_version: 20.10d + +eif1ax: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in translation initiation and efficiency. + termDef: + term: >- + EIF1AX Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C131315" + term_id: C131315 + term_version: 20.10d + +eif3e: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the initiation and regulation of protein translation. + termDef: + term: >- + EIF3E Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18347" + term_id: C18347 + term_version: 20.10d + +eif4a2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in translation initiation. + termDef: + term: >- + EIF4A2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97467" + term_id: C97467 + term_version: 20.10d + +elf3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of both transcription and epithelial + cell differentiation. It also plays a role in angiogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + ELF3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20899" + term_id: C20899 + term_version: 20.10d + +elf4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both DNA binding and transcriptional activation. + termDef: + term: >- + ELF4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97470" + term_id: C97470 + term_version: 20.10d + +elk4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + ELK4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97476" + term_id: C97476 + term_version: 20.10d + +ell: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the modulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + ELL Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97516" + term_id: C97516 + term_version: 20.10d + +eln: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the structure of the extracellular matrix. + termDef: + term: >- + ELN Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C75333" + term_id: C75333 + term_version: 20.10d + +embryonic_fluid: + common: + description: >- + Fluids surrounding or related to an embryo. + termDef: + term: >- + Embryonic Fluid + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13398" + term_id: C13398 + term_version: 20.10d + +embryonic_tissue: + common: + description: >- + Tissue that is formed during the embryonic stage of life of an organism. + termDef: + term: >- + Embryonic Tissue + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C12950" + term_id: C12950 + term_version: 20.10d + +emibetuzumab: + common: + description: >- + A humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth + factor receptor (HGFR or c-MET) with potential antineoplastic activity. Emibetuzumab + binds to c-MET, thereby preventing the binding of HGF to its receptor c-Met + and subsequent activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. This may result + in cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase + overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer + cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + Emibetuzumab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95732" + term_id: C95732 + term_version: 20.10d + +eml4: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in cytoskeletal assembly. + termDef: + term: >- + EML4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C71003" + term_id: C71003 + term_version: 20.10d + +enadenotucirevexpressing_fapcd3_bispecific_faptac_ng641: + common: + description: >- + An oncolytic adenoviral vector, a transgene-modified variant of enadenotucirev + (EnAd), that expresses a bi-specific T-cell activator molecule FAP-TAc together + with immune enhancer molecules C-X-C motif chemokine 9 (CXCL9), C-X-C motif + chemokine 10 (CXCL10) and interferon alpha (IFNalpha), with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of NG-641, EnAd specifically + infects and replicates in tumor cells and not in normal, noncancerous tissue, + and selectively expresses FAP-TAc. The locally expressed FAP-TAc targets and + binds to both fibroblast activating protein (FAP) on cancer associated fibroblasts + (CAFs) and CD3 on T-cells. This leads to T-cell activation and T-cell mediated + killing of CAFs in tumor stroma. NG-641 also encodes the transgenes CXCL9, CXCL10 + and IFNalpha. The production of CXCL9, CXCL10 and IFNalpha leads to the recruitment + and further activation of T-cells, enhancing the overall immune response and + cancer cell killing. FAP, a cell surface glycoprotein, is overexpressed on tumor-associated + fibroblasts but minimally expressed on normal, healthy cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Enadenotucirev-expressing FAP/CD3 Bispecific FAP-TAc NG-641 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168790" + term_id: C168790 + term_version: 20.10d + +encapsulated_rapamycin: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable nanoparticle-based formulation composed of sub-micron + particles of the macrolide antibiotic rapamycin incorporated into a pH-sensitive + poly(methyl methacrylate) polymer, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon oral administration of the encapsulated rapamycin, the nanoparticle + specifically delivers rapamycin at the tumor site. Rapamycin binds to the immunophilin + FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate a complex that binds to and inhibits + the activation of the serine/threonine kinase mammalian target of rapamycin + (mTOR), a key regulatory kinase. This may suppress mTORC1 activity. In addition, + inhibition of mTOR may modulate central memory CD8 T cells, CD3+/CD56+ natural + killer (NK) cells and CD8 T-cell responses. This may kill tumor cells. Compared + to the administration of rapamycin alone, this formulation improves oral bioavailability + of rapamycin with more consistent rapamycin levels, thereby allowing for administration + of lower rapamycin dosage, which improves and minimizes rapamycin's toxicity. + Upregulated in some tumors, mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase involved in regulating + cellular proliferation, motility, and survival that is located downstream of + the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. + termDef: + term: >- + Encapsulated Rapamycin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173879" + term_id: C173879 + term_version: 20.10d + +encelimab: + common: + description: >- + A humanized, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the + inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3; LAG-3), with + potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration,encelimab + binds to LAG3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks + its binding with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed + on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic + T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. + LAG3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is expressed on various + immune cells, and negatively regulates both proliferation and activation of + T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression. + termDef: + term: >- + Encelimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C142978" + term_id: C142978 + term_version: 20.10d + +endothelin_b_receptor_blocker_enb_003: + common: + description: >- + An antagonist of the immune checkpoint endothelin B receptor (ETBR; EDNRB), + with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + the ETBR blocker ENB 003 selectively targets and binds to ETBR expressed on + tumor cells. This prevents ETBR-mediated signaling and may abrogate the immunosuppressive + tumor microenvironment (TME), may enhance a T-cell mediated anti-tumor immune + response and may inhibit proliferation of ETBR-expressing tumor cells. ETBR, + a G-protein coupled receptor, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types + and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal + transition (EMT) and angiogenesis. It also plays a role in tumor immunosuppression + and blocks T-cell trafficking. + termDef: + term: >- + Endothelin B Receptor Blocker ENB 003 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175447" + term_id: C175447 + term_version: 20.10d + +engineered_red_blood_cells_coexpressing_41bbl_and_il15tp_rtx240: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS) red blood cells (RBCs) engineered + to express both the co-stimulatory molecule tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily + (TNFSF) member 9 (TNFSF9; 4-1BBL) and a fusion protein composed of the trans-presented + cytokine interleukin (IL)-15/IL-15-receptor alpha (IL-15Ra) (IL-15TP) with potential + modulating and antineoplastic activities. CD34+ hematopoietic precursor cells + (HPC) are collected by apheresis from a healthy O negative donor, purified, + and engineered with a lentiviral vector to express 4-1BBL and IL-15TP. The cells + are then further expanded and differentiated until the nucleus is ejected, resulting + in a mature reticulocyte. Upon administration of the engineered red blood cells + co-expressing 4-1BBL and IL-15TP RTX-240, the RBCs express both 4-1BBL and IL-15TP + on their cell surfaces. 4-1BBL and IL-15TP bind to and subsequently induce the + proliferation and activation of natural killer (NK) cells and T-cells. This + enhances the secretion of cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and results in the + induction of an anti-tumor immune response. + termDef: + term: >- + Engineered Red Blood Cells Co-expressing 4-1BBL and IL-15TP RTX-240 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172990" + term_id: C172990 + term_version: 20.10d + +engineered_toxin_body_targeting_cd38_tak169: + common: + description: >- + An engineered toxin body (ETB) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) + from an antibody targeting the cell surface glycoprotein ADP-ribosyl cyclase + 1 (CD38) that is fused to a cytotoxic payload composed of the enzymatically + active, de-immunized, ribosome-inactivating cytotoxic payload Shiga-like toxin-A + subunit (SLTA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, + the anti-CD38 scFv moiety of TAK-169 specifically targets and binds to CD38-expressing + tumor cells. Upon internalization, the SLTA moiety is released and acts as an + N-glycosidase, which binds to and removes an adenine nucleobase from the 28S + RNA component of the 60S ribosomal subunit.of ribosomes This prevents ribosome + activity, This inhibits protein synthesis and leads to apoptosis in CD38-expressing + tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various + immune cells and hematologic malignancies; its expression has been correlated + with poor prognosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Engineered Toxin Body Targeting CD38 TAK-169 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173707" + term_id: C173707 + term_version: 20.10d + +eosinophil: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the number of eosinophils in a blood sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Eosinophil Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C64550" + term_id: C64550 + term_version: 20.10d + +ep2ep4_antagonist_tpst1495: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, dual antagonist of the human prostaglandin E2 receptor + subtypes 2 (EP2) and 4 (EP4), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon oral administration, the EP2/EP4 antagonist TPST-1495 selectively + targets and binds to EP2 and EP4, inhibiting the binding of the immunosuppressive + prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to EP2 and EP4. This prevents the activation of EP2 + and EP4, and inhibits PGE2-EP2/EP4-mediated signaling. This inhibits PGE2-driven + immune suppression by preventing the PGE2-mediated inhibition of anti-tumor + immune effector cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as natural killer + (NK) cells, T-lymphocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) and M1 macrophages, and blocking + the PGE2-mediated increase in suppressive immune cells, such as myeloid derived + suppressor cells (MDSCs), M2 macrophages, and regulatory T cells (Tregs). This + inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells in which the PGE2-EP2/4 signaling + pathway is over-activated. EP2 and EP4, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) + that are overexpressed in certain types of cancers, promote tumor cell proliferation, + invasion, survival, and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + EP2/EP4 Antagonist TPST-1495 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174460" + term_id: C174460 + term_version: 20.10d + +ep300: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in DNA repair and regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + EP300 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26569" + term_id: C26569 + term_version: 20.10d + +ep4_antagonist_inv1120: + common: + description: >- + A small molecule and antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype 4 (PTGER4; + EP4), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + the EP4 antagonist INV-1120 selectively targets and binds to EP4, inhibiting + the binding of the immunosuppressive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to EP4. This prevents + the activation of EP4 and inhibits PGE2-EP4-mediated signaling, thereby inhibiting + proliferation of tumor cells in which the PGE2-EP4 signaling pathway is over-activated. + In addition, EP4 inhibition prevents the activity of tumor-associated myeloid + cells (TAMCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by inhibiting interleukin-23 + (IL-23) production and the IL-23-mediated expansion of Th17 cells. EP4, a prostanoid + receptor, is a G protein-coupled receptor that is expressed in certain types + of cancers; it promotes tumor cell proliferation and invasion. + termDef: + term: >- + EP4 Antagonist INV-1120 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173520" + term_id: C173520 + term_version: 20.10d + +epas1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the cellular response to hypoxia. + termDef: + term: >- + EPAS1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C104303" + term_id: C104303 + term_version: 20.10d + +epcoritamab: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic + activities. Epcoritamab contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human + CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen + (TAA) that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell + development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, + epcoritamab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. + The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) + response against the CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Epcoritamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C163022" + term_id: C163022 + term_version: 20.10d + +epha2targeting_bicycle_toxin_conjugate_bt5528: + common: + description: >- + A bicyclic peptide targeting Ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2) and conjugated, through + an inert sarcosine spacer chain and a valine-citrulline cleavable linker, to + the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative + and a potent inhibitor of microtubule polymerization, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration of the EphA2-targeting bicycle toxin conjugate + BT5528, this agent targets and binds to EphA2-expressing tumor cells. After + internalization and enzymatic cleavage of the immunoconjugate within the tumor + cell cytosol, free MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which + may result in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. The cell-surface receptor + EphA2, a member of the ephrin family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) involved + in mammalian development, is overexpressed by a variety of different cancer + cell types. EphA2 expression is associated with poor prognosis. + termDef: + term: >- + EphA2-targeting Bicycle Toxin Conjugate BT5528 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171425" + term_id: C171425 + term_version: 20.10d + +epha3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in receptor tyrosine kinase signal transduction and plays + a role in lymphoid function and differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + EPHA3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18384" + term_id: C18384 + term_version: 20.10d + +epha7: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in mediation of developmental processes. + termDef: + term: >- + EPHA7 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C111841" + term_id: C111841 + term_version: 20.10d + +epitrochlear: + common: + description: >- + A lymph node located above and adjacent to the elbow. + termDef: + term: >- + Epitrochlear Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98182" + term_id: C98182 + term_version: 20.10d + +eps15: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + EPS15 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24369" + term_id: C24369 + term_version: 20.10d + +epsteinbarr_virus: + common: + description: >- + Any microbiologic test or molecular assay used to detect the presence of Epstein-Barr + virus in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Epstein-Barr Virus Test + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171143" + term_id: C171143 + term_version: 20.10d + +erbb2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cellular proliferation and is involved in the oncogenic + process through amplification and/or overexpression in several cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + ERBB2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17756" + term_id: C17756 + term_version: 20.10d + +erbb3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in signal transduction pathways that result in cellular + proliferation or differentiation. The gene has also been associated with numerous + cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + ERBB3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18386" + term_id: C18386 + term_version: 20.10d + +erbb4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in neuronal development and plays a role in receptor tyrosine + kinase signal transduction that regulates cellular proliferation and differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + ERBB4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18388" + term_id: C18388 + term_version: 20.10d + +erc1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + ERC1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97499" + term_id: C97499 + term_version: 20.10d + +ercc2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in nucleotide excision repair and corrects sensitivity + to UV radiation and defective nucleotide excision repair in xeroderma pigmentosum + cells of complementation group D. + termDef: + term: >- + ERCC2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20555" + term_id: C20555 + term_version: 20.10d + +ercc3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in DNA excision repair and transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + ERCC3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20556" + term_id: C20556 + term_version: 20.10d + +ercc4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in nucleotide excision repair and is involved in the correction + of defective nucleotide excision repair in xeroderma pigmentosum cells of complementation + group F. + termDef: + term: >- + ERCC4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20558" + term_id: C20558 + term_version: 20.10d + +ercc5: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the nucleotide base excision repair of UV-induced + DNA damage and mutations of the gene cause Cockayne syndrome. + termDef: + term: >- + ERCC5 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20557" + term_id: C20557 + term_version: 20.10d + +erg: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a regulatory role in transcription, cellular maintenance and + hematopoiesis. + termDef: + term: >- + ERG Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18139" + term_id: C18139 + term_version: 20.10d + +erk12_inhibitor_hh2710: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases + 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, + ERK1/2 inhibitor HH2710 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity + of the serine/threonine-protein kinases ERK1 and ERK2, thereby preventing the + phosphorylation of ERK1/2 substrates and the activation of mitogen-activated + protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results + in the inhibition of ERK-dependent proliferation and survival of tumor cells. + The MAPK/ERK pathway, also known as the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, is hyperactivated + in a variety of tumor cell types due to mutations in upstream targets. It plays + a key role in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + ERK1/2 Inhibitor HH2710 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172805" + term_id: C172805 + term_version: 20.10d + +erk12_inhibitor_jsi1187: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases + 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, + ERK1/2 inhibitor JSI-1187 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity + of the serine/threonine-protein kinases ERK1 and ERK2, thereby preventing the + phosphorylation of ERK1/2 substrates and the activation of mitogen-activated + protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results + in the inhibition of ERK-dependent proliferation and survival of tumor cells. + The MAPK/ERK pathway, also known as the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, is hyperactivated + in a variety of tumor cell types due to mutations in upstream targets. It plays + a key role in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + ERK1/2 Inhibitor JSI-1187 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174203" + term_id: C174203 + term_version: 20.10d + +esophageal_columnar_dysplasia: + common: + description: >- + A morphologic finding the replacement of the normal lower esophagus squamous + epithelium with columnar epithelium. + termDef: + term: >- + Esophageal Columnar Dysplasia + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174120" + term_id: C174120 + term_version: 20.10d + +esr1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in ligand-activated transcriptional activity. + termDef: + term: >- + ESR1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38349" + term_id: C38349 + term_version: 20.10d + +etigilimab: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody targeting the human co-inhibitory molecule and immune + checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor + tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune + checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, etigilimab binds to TIGIT + expressed on various immune cells, including T-cells, and prevents the interaction + of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PVRL2) + and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5). This enhances + the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX + Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural + killer (NK) cells and CD8-positive T-cells, and leads to CD226 dimerization + and CD226-mediated signaling. This activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated + immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family + and an immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell + proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion and + the inhibition of antiviral immune responses. + termDef: + term: >- + Etigilimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C142821" + term_id: C142821 + term_version: 20.10d + +etnk1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in phospholipid biosynthesis. + termDef: + term: >- + ETNK1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122823" + term_id: C122823 + term_version: 20.10d + +etv1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional activation and spinal cord development. + termDef: + term: >- + ETV1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24377" + term_id: C24377 + term_version: 20.10d + +etv4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a regulatory role in transcription and in matrix metalloproteinase + activity. + termDef: + term: >- + ETV4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24378" + term_id: C24378 + term_version: 20.10d + +etv5: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of gene transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + ETV5 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97479" + term_id: C97479 + term_version: 20.10d + +etv6: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a regulatory role in transcription and in matrix metalloproteinase + activity. + termDef: + term: >- + ETV6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18312" + term_id: C18312 + term_version: 20.10d + +ewsr1: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in post-transcriptional regulation; however the function + remains to be elucidated. Mutations in the gene result in Ewing sarcoma and + other tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + EWSR1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18322" + term_id: C18322 + term_version: 20.10d + +exicorilant: + common: + description: >- + An orally available, selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist, with + potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, exicorilant competitively + and selectively binds to GRs, inhibiting the activation of GR-mediated proliferative + and anti-apoptotic gene expression pathways. The GR, a member of the nuclear + receptor superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors, is overexpressed + in certain tumor types and may be associated with tumor cell proliferation and + treatment resistance. Inhibition of GR activity may potentially slow tumor cell + growth and disease progression in certain cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + Exicorilant + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C153309" + term_id: C153309 + term_version: 20.10d + +ext1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in heparin/heparin sulfate biosynthesis, axon guidance + and biogenesis/cell organization. + termDef: + term: >- + EXT1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18251" + term_id: C18251 + term_version: 20.10d + +ext2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the heparin/heparin sulfate biosynthesis, cell organization/biogenesis + and development of the cytoskeleton in chondrocytes. + termDef: + term: >- + EXT2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18252" + term_id: C18252 + term_version: 20.10d + +extended_release_metformin_hydrochloride: + common: + description: >- + An extended-release (ER) tablet composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the + biguanide metformin, with antihyperglycemic and potential prostate-cancer protective + and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, metformin targets and + inhibits complex I (NADPH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial respiratory + chain and increases the cellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine + triphosphate (ATP) ratio leading to activation of AMP-activated protein kinase + (AMPK). This modulates AMPK-mediated transcription of target genes, which prevents + hepatic gluconeogenesis, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, enhances + insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation, and increases glucose uptake and + utilization in target tissues. This lowers blood glucose levels. Metformin may + exert antineoplastic effects through AMPK-mediated or AMPK-independent inhibition + of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is up-regulated in many cancer + tissues. It also reduces cyclin D1. This inhibits cancer cell proliferation. + Furthermore, this agent also inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion by inhibiting + matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression which is mediated through the + suppression of transcription activator protein-1 (AP-1) activation. Also, metformin + reduces hyperinsulinemia which may contribute to an anti-tumor effect. Metformin + may increase the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time and may lower + serum PSA levels. + termDef: + term: >- + Extended Release Metformin Hydrochloride + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173523" + term_id: C173523 + term_version: 20.10d + +extension: + common: + description: >- + A mutation occurring within the stop codon of a gene that results in a sequence + that no longer encodes a stop codon and results in the transcription of non-coding + regions downstream of the gene. + termDef: + term: >- + Nonstop Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148650" + term_id: C148650 + term_version: 20.10d + +ezabenlimab: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell + surface receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1), with immune + checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ezabenlimab + selectively binds to and blocks the activation of PD-1, an immunoglobulin (Ig) + superfamily transmembrane protein, by its ligands programmed cell death ligand + 1 (PD-L1), which is overexpressed on certain cancer cells, and programmed cell + death ligand 2 (PD-L2), which is primarily expressed on antigen-presenting cells + (APCs). This results in the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune + responses against tumor cells. Activated PD-1 negatively regulates T-cell activation + and plays a key role in in tumor evasion from host immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + Ezabenlimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C132252" + term_id: C132252 + term_version: 20.10d + +ezh12_inhibitor_hh2853: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferases enhancer + of zeste homolog 1 (EZH1) and 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon oral administration, EZH1/2 inhibitor HH2853 inhibits the activity of both + wild-type and mutated forms of EZH1 and EZH2. Inhibition of EZH1/2 specifically + prevents the methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27). This decrease in + histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways, + enhances transcription of certain target genes, and results in decreased proliferation + of EZH1/2-expressing cancer cells. EZH1/2, histone lysine methyltransferase + (HMT) class enzymes and catalytic subunits of the polycomb repressive complex + 2 (PRC2), are overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and play + key roles in tumor cell proliferation, progression, stem cell self-renewal and + migration. + termDef: + term: >- + EZH1/2 Inhibitor HH2853 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173698" + term_id: C173698 + term_version: 20.10d + +ezh2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + EZH2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21327" + term_id: C21327 + term_version: 20.10d + +ezh2_inhibitor_cpi0209: + common: + description: >- + An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferase + (HMT) enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon oral administration, EZH2 inhibitor CPI-0209 selectively targets, binds + to and inhibits the activity of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents + the methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone + methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways + and results in decreased proliferation of EZH2-expressing cancer cells. EZH2, + an HMT class enzyme and the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex + 2 (PRC2), is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and plays + a key role in tumor cell proliferation; its expression is correlated with tumor + initiation, progression, stem cell self-renewal, migration and angiogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + EZH2 inhibitor CPI-0209 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167347" + term_id: C167347 + term_version: 20.10d + +ezr: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cellular structure. + termDef: + term: >- + EZR Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C68722" + term_id: C68722 + term_version: 20.10d + +fadraciclib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinases 2, 5 and 9 (CDK2/5/9), + with potential antineoplastic and chemoprotective activities. Upon oral administration, + fadraciclib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK2, 5 and 9, + which leads to inhibition of CDK2, 5 and 9-dependent cellular pathways, downregulation + of genes involved in the pro-survival pathway, prevention of the activation + of DNA double-strand break repair pathways, and induction of both cell cycle + arrest and apoptosis. This inhibits the proliferation of CDK2/5/9-overexpressing + tumor cells. In addition, CYC065 protects hematopoietic stem and progenitor + cells (HSPCs), prevents myelosuppression, and preserves the function of the + bone marrow. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of + the cell cycle and may be overexpressed in certain cancer cell types; they play + key roles in tumor cell proliferation, the regulation of transcription, and + DNA damage repair. + termDef: + term: >- + Fadraciclib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C123902" + term_id: C123902 + term_version: 20.10d + +fakalkros1_inhibitor_apg2449: + common: + description: >- + An orally available kinase inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic + lymphoma kinase (ALK), focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and the receptor tyrosine + kinase C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + administration, ALK/FAK/ROS1 inhibitor APG-2449 selectively binds to and inhibits + ALK, FAK and ROS1 kinases. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK-, FAK- + and ROS1-mediated signal transduction pathways and eventually inhibits tumor + cell growth in ALK-, FAK- and ROS1-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to + the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system + development; its dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a + variety of tumors. The cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase FAK, a signal transducer + for integrins, is upregulated and constitutively activated in various tumor + types; it plays a key role in tumor cell migration, proliferation, survival, + and tumor angiogenesis. ROS1, overexpressed in certain cancer cells, plays a + key role in cell growth and survival of cancer cells. + termDef: + term: >- + FAK/ALK/ROS1 Inhibitor APG-2449 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172193" + term_id: C172193 + term_version: 20.10d + +fam131b: + common: + description: >- + This gene has not been characterized. + termDef: + term: >- + FAM131B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C106340" + term_id: C106340 + term_version: 20.10d + +fam135b: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in the metabolism of lipids. + termDef: + term: >- + FAM135B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143112" + term_id: C143112 + term_version: 20.10d + +fam46c: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in polyadenylation of RNA and mRNA stability. + termDef: + term: >- + TENT5C Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96316" + term_id: C96316 + term_version: 20.10d + +fam47c: + common: + description: >- + This gene has no known function. + termDef: + term: >- + FAM47C Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143109" + term_id: C143109 + term_version: 20.10d + +fanca: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in the mediation of DNA repair. + termDef: + term: >- + FANCA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C85995" + term_id: C85995 + term_version: 20.10d + +fancc: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in DNA cross-link repair. + termDef: + term: >- + FANCC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C86025" + term_id: C86025 + term_version: 20.10d + +fancd2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of meiosis, DNA repair and the cell + cycle. + termDef: + term: >- + FANCD2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C86549" + term_id: C86549 + term_version: 20.10d + +fance: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of both DNA repair and protein localization. + termDef: + term: >- + FANCE Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C86551" + term_id: C86551 + term_version: 20.10d + +fancf: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in the regulation of DNA repair. + termDef: + term: >- + FANCF Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C86553" + term_id: C86553 + term_version: 20.10d + +fancg: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the maintenance of genomic integrity and nuclear signal + transduction. Allelic variants of the gene are involved in Fanconi syndrome. + termDef: + term: >- + FANCG Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24385" + term_id: C24385 + term_version: 20.10d + +fap41bbtargeting_darpin_mp0310: + common: + description: >- + A designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPin)-based agent targeting the tumor-associated + protein fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and the T-cell co-stimulatory immune + receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; + TNFRSF9), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon + administration, the FAP/4-1BB-targeting DARPin MP0310 targets and binds to both + FAP, localized on tumor stromal cells, and 4-1BB, expressed on a variety of + leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) + cells. The simultaneous binding of FAP and 4-1BB results in local clustering + of FAP-expressing tumor stromal cells and 4-1BB-expressing T-cells, and local + immune cell activation through the promotion of T-cell activation, cytokine + release and T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immune responses. 4-1BB, a surface glycoprotein + of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory + receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic + activity. FAP is abundantly expressed by cancer associated fibroblasts in the + majority of solid tumors. Compared to antibodies, DARPins are small in size, + have favorable pharmacokinetics and allow for both high affinity binding and + efficacy. + termDef: + term: >- + FAP/4-1BB-targeting DARPin MP0310 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170894" + term_id: C170894 + term_version: 20.10d + +fap41bbtargeting_fusion_protein_ro7122290: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific antibody-like fusion protein consisting of a trimeric ligand for + the T-cell co-stimulatory immune receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor + receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9) and an antigen-binding fragment (Fab) + moiety targeting the tumor-associated protein fibroblast activation protein + (FAP), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + the FAP/4-1BB-targeting fusion protein RO7122290 targets and binds to both FAP, + localized on tumor stromal cells, and 4-1BB, expressed on a variety of leukocyte + subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. The + simultaneous binding of FAP and 4-1BB results in local clustering of FAP-expressing + tumor stromal cells and 4-1BB-expressing T-cells, and local immune cell activation + through the promotion of T-cell activation, cytokine release and T-cell-mediated + anti-tumor immune responses. 4-1BB, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis + factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays + a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity. FAP is + abundantly expressed by cancer-associated fibroblasts in the majority of solid + tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + FAP/4-1BB-targeting Fusion Protein RO7122290 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175490" + term_id: C175490 + term_version: 20.10d + +fas: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the mediation of cellular surface receptors and apoptotic + signals. + termDef: + term: >- + FAS Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21555" + term_id: C21555 + term_version: 20.10d + +fas_ligandtreated_allogeneic_mobilized_peripheral_blood_cells: + common: + description: >- + A donor graft derived from allogeneic filgrastim (granulocyte-colony stimulating + factor; G-CSF)-mobilized peripheral blood cells (MPBC) that have been incubated + with the recombinant human Fas ligand (FasL) APO010 ex vivo, and that can potentially + be used for immune reconstitution purposes. The incubation of the hematopoietic + stem cell graft with the apoptotic mediator Fas ligand (FasL) selectively induces + apoptosis of mature T-cells which express high levels of Fas receptor, such + as T stem cell memory (TSCM), T central memory (TCM), and T effector memory + (TEM) cells and the pro-inflammatory T-helper cells (Th) Th1 and Th17 subsets + while sparing CD34-positive stem and progenitor cells. Upon washing and further + ex vivo preparations, and upon allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation + (HSCT) with the FasL-treated allogeneic MPBCs, these cells provide hematopoietic + cell recovery, preserve the graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effects, and may prevent + graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). + termDef: + term: >- + Fas Ligand-treated Allogeneic Mobilized Peripheral Blood Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167326" + term_id: C167326 + term_version: 20.10d + +fat1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both cellular polarization and cell-cell adhesion. + termDef: + term: >- + FAT1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18397" + term_id: C18397 + term_version: 20.10d + +fat3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell adhesion and neurite development. + termDef: + term: >- + FAT3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143133" + term_id: C143133 + term_version: 20.10d + +fat4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in planar cell polarity. + termDef: + term: >- + FAT4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C128254" + term_id: C128254 + term_version: 20.10d + +favezelimab: + common: + description: >- + A humanized, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against + the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 protein (LAG3), with potential + immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + favezelimab binds to LAG3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) + and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II + molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes + and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction + in tumor growth. LAG3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is + expressed on various immune cells, and negatively regulates both proliferation + and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated + immune suppression. + termDef: + term: >- + Favezelimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C142077" + term_id: C142077 + term_version: 20.10d + +fbln2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in protein-protein interactions in the extracellular + matrix. + termDef: + term: >- + FBLN2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143130" + term_id: C143130 + term_version: 20.10d + +fbxo11: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the recognition of proteins to be ubiquitinylated. + termDef: + term: >- + FBXO11 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101104" + term_id: C101104 + term_version: 20.10d + +fbxw7: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis and regulation of the + G1-S cell cycle checkpoint. + termDef: + term: >- + FBXW7 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20786" + term_id: C20786 + term_version: 20.10d + +fcengineered_anticd40_agonist_antibody_2141v11: + common: + description: >- + A Fc-engineered agonistic antibody targeting the human B-cell surface antigen + CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral + administration, 2141-V11 targets and binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell + types. This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, triggers the proliferation + and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activates T-cells. This + results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response + against tumor cells. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis + factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on various immune cells, + such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and B-cells, and plays a key role + in the activation of the immune system. + termDef: + term: >- + Fc-engineered Anti-CD40 Agonist Antibody 2141-V11 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170762" + term_id: C170762 + term_version: 20.10d + +fcgr2b: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the inhibition of immune functions and cellular proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + FCGR2B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38554" + term_id: C38554 + term_version: 20.10d + +fcrl4: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in B cell receptor signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + FCRL4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97592" + term_id: C97592 + term_version: 20.10d + +feature_elongation: + common: + description: >- + The mutation of either a splice site or stop codon that leads to an extended + transcript. + termDef: + term: >- + Elongation Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148640" + term_id: C148640 + term_version: 20.10d + +feature_truncation: + common: + description: >- + The mutation of either a splice site or stop codon that leads to a truncated + transcript. + termDef: + term: >- + Truncation Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148641" + term_id: C148641 + term_version: 20.10d + +feces: + common: + description: >- + The material discharged from the bowel during defecation. It consists of undigested + food, intestinal mucus, epithelial cells, and bacteria. + termDef: + term: >- + Feces + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13234" + term_id: C13234 + term_version: 20.10d + +feladilimab: + common: + description: >- + An agonistic antibody for the inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), + with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon + administration, feladilimab targets and binds to ICOS expressed on tumor infiltrating + CD4-positive T-cells. This stimulates ICOS-positive T-cell proliferation, enhances + cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) survival and increases CTL-mediated immune responses + against tumor cells. ICOS, a T-cell specific, CD28-superfamily costimulatory + molecule and immune checkpoint protein, is normally expressed on certain activated + T-cells and plays a key role in the proliferation and activation of T-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Feladilimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C126804" + term_id: C126804 + term_version: 20.10d + +felzartamab: + common: + description: >- + A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein + CD-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. Felzartamab specifically binds + to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. This may trigger antitumoral antibody-dependent + cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and may eventually lead to cell lysis in CD38-expressing + tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various + immune cells and hematologic malignancies, and its expression has been correlated + with poor prognosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Felzartamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97954" + term_id: C97954 + term_version: 20.10d + +femoral: + common: + description: >- + A lymph node located in the upper inner portion of the thigh. + termDef: + term: >- + Femoral Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98183" + term_id: C98183 + term_version: 20.10d + +fen1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in DNA replication and repair. + termDef: + term: >- + FEN1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98120" + term_id: C98120 + term_version: 20.10d + +fenretinide_phospholipid_suspension_st001: + common: + description: >- + An intravenous formulation composed of a phospholipid suspension of nanoparticles + containing the synthetic retinoid derivative fenretinide, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon intravenous administration, fenretinide binds to and activates + retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis + in susceptible tumor cell types. Fenretinide also binds to and inhibits the + activity of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which may result in both the + induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. + Independent of RAR activation and mTOR inhibition, this agent may also modulate + gene expression that leads to ceramide-induced, caspase-independent programmed + cell death (PCD) via effectors such as ganglioside GD3 and reactive oxygen species + (ROS). + termDef: + term: >- + Fenretinide Phospholipid Suspension ST-001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175469" + term_id: C175469 + term_version: 20.10d + +fes: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in hematopoiesis and the maintenance of cellular transformation. + termDef: + term: >- + FES Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C45497" + term_id: C45497 + term_version: 20.10d + +fev: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in transcriptional repression. + termDef: + term: >- + FEV Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97482" + term_id: C97482 + term_version: 20.10d + +fgfr_inhibitor_cpl304110: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR inhibitor + CPL304110 binds to and inhibits FGFR, which results in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated + signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR-overexpressing + tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many + tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + FGFR Inhibitor CPL304110 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173964" + term_id: C173964 + term_version: 20.10d + +fgfrcsf1r_inhibitor_3d185: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) + types 1, 2, and 3 (FGFR1/2/3) and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; + CSF-1R; CD115; M-CSFR), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, FGFR/CSF-1R inhibitor 3D185 binds to and inhibits FGFR1/2/3, + which may result in the inhibition of FGFR1/2/3-mediated signal transduction + pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR1/2/3-overexpressing tumor cells. + 3D185 also targets and binds to CSF1R, thereby blocking CSF1R activation and + CSF1R-mediated signaling. This inhibits the activities of tumor-associated macrophages + (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and prevents immune suppression + in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This enhances antitumor T-cell immune responses + and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine + kinases (RTKs) upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular + proliferation, migration and survival. CSF1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating + factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (cluster of differentiation 115), is a cell-surface + receptor that plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + FGFR/CSF-1R Inhibitor 3D185 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175460" + term_id: C175460 + term_version: 20.10d + +fgfr1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in mitogenesis and differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + FGFR1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C19929" + term_id: C19929 + term_version: 20.10d + +fgfr1op: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of cell shape, polarity and motility. + termDef: + term: >- + FGFR1OP Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24401" + term_id: C24401 + term_version: 20.10d + +fgfr2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in mitogenesis and differentiation and mutations in the + gene are associated with craniosynostotic syndromes and bone malformations. + termDef: + term: >- + FGFR2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C19931" + term_id: C19931 + term_version: 20.10d + +fgfr2_inhibitor_rly4008: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 + (FGFR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR2 + inhibitor RLY-4008 binds to and inhibits FGFR2, which results in the inhibition + of FGFR2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits the proliferation + of FGFR2-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated + in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation, migration + and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + FGFR2 Inhibitor RLY-4008 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174208" + term_id: C174208 + term_version: 20.10d + +fgfr3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in bone development and maintenance and mutations in + the gene are associated with craniosynostosis and several types of skeletal + dysplasia. + termDef: + term: >- + FGFR3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24393" + term_id: C24393 + term_version: 20.10d + +fgfr4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in mitogenesis and differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + FGFR4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20743" + term_id: C20743 + term_version: 20.10d + +fh: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the Krebs cycle. + termDef: + term: >- + FH Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95268" + term_id: C95268 + term_version: 20.10d + +fhit: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in nucleotide metabolism and cell cycle control. + termDef: + term: >- + FHIT Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18524" + term_id: C18524 + term_version: 20.10d + +fianlimab: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation + gene-3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, fianlimab binds to LAG-3 + expressed by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks LAG-3 binding + to tumor cells expressing major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules. + This may activate antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhance cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL)-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. + LAG-3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is expressed on various + immune cells; its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune + suppression and the negative regulation of both cellular proliferation and T-cell + activation. + termDef: + term: >- + Fianlimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C132339" + term_id: C132339 + term_version: 20.10d + +fimaporfin_a: + common: + description: >- + The A isomer of fimaporfin, a synthetic light-activated compound, with potential + photosensitizing activity. Upon administration, fimaporfin A incorporates into + the cell's endosome and lysosome membranes. Subsequently, cytotoxic agents are + administered and accumulate in endosomal and lysosomal compartments; upon local + activation by light, fimaporfin A produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), such + as singlet oxygen, damaging endo/lysosomal membranes and accumulated cytotoxic + agents are released into the tumor cell cytosol. This photochemical internalization + (PCI) method can enhance the efficacy and selectivity of cytotoxic agents. + termDef: + term: >- + Fimaporfin A + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C88344" + term_id: C88344 + term_version: 20.10d + +fip1l1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in mRNA processing. + termDef: + term: >- + FIP1L1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97454" + term_id: C97454 + term_version: 20.10d + +fish: + common: + description: >- + A physical mapping approach that uses fluorescent tags to detect hybridization + of probes within metaphase chromosomes or less condensed somatic interphase + chromatin. This technique can be used for identification of chromosomal abnormalities + and for gene mapping. + termDef: + term: >- + Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17563" + term_id: C17563 + term_version: 20.10d + +fkbp9: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in chaperone-mediated protein folding. + termDef: + term: >- + FKBP9 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143127" + term_id: C143127 + term_version: 20.10d + +flcn: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in tumor suppression. + termDef: + term: >- + FLCN Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C63514" + term_id: C63514 + term_version: 20.10d + +fli1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional activation and has been implicated + in the pathogenesis of neuroepithelioma. + termDef: + term: >- + FLI1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18321" + term_id: C18321 + term_version: 20.10d + +flna: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in remodeling of the cytoskeleton. + termDef: + term: >- + FLNA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C113585" + term_id: C113585 + term_version: 20.10d + +flow_cytometry: + common: + description: >- + A technique for counting, examining and sorting microscopic particles suspended + in a stream of fluid. + termDef: + term: >- + Flow Cytometry + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C16585" + term_id: C16585 + term_version: 20.10d + +flt3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in hematopoiesis and may function as a growth factor + receptor. + termDef: + term: >- + FLT3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24399" + term_id: C24399 + term_version: 20.10d + +flt3_ligandantictla4_antibodyil12_engineered_oncolytic_vaccinia_virus_rival01: + common: + description: >- + An oncolytic vaccinia virus (VV; VACV) genetically engineered to express an + Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3) ligand, an antibody directed against the human + T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) + and the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential + immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the Flt3 + ligand/anti-CTLA-4 antibody/IL-12 engineered oncolytic VV RIVAL-01, the virus + preferentially targets, infects and replicates in tumor cells, causing oncolysis. + In turn, the lysed tumor cells release various tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), + which induce an immune response against the tumor cells. In addition, the Flt3 + ligand, the anti-ctla-4 antibody and IL-12 are expressed by the VV in the cancer + cells and may activate the immune system within the tumor microenvironment (TME), + thereby stimulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. The anti-CTLA-4 + antibody targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated + downregulation of T-cell activation, which promotes T-cell activation. Flt3 + ligand binds to the Flt3 tyrosine kinase receptor and promotes Flt3 signaling + which plays an important role in expanding the population of antigen-presenting + dendritic cells (DCs). IL-12 activates natural killer cells (NKs), induces the + secretion of interferon-gamma and promotes CD8 cytotoxic T-cell responses against + tumor cells, which may result in immune-mediated tumor cell death and inhibition + of tumor cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + Flt3 Ligand/Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody/IL-12 Engineered Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus + RIVAL-01 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174049" + term_id: C174049 + term_version: 20.10d + +flt3fgfr_dual_kinase_inhibitor_max40279: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) + and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon oral administration of FLT3/FGFR dual kinase inhibitor MAX-40279, + this agent binds to and inhibits both FGFR and FLT3, including FLT3 mutant forms, + which results in the inhibition of FGFR/FLT3-mediated signal transduction pathways. + This inhibits proliferation in FGFR/FLT3-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a + family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is upregulated in many tumor cell types. + FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated + in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias. They both play key + roles in cellular proliferation and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + FLT3/FGFR Dual Kinase Inhibitor MAX-40279 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174517" + term_id: C174517 + term_version: 20.10d + +flt3kitcsf1r_inhibitor_nms03592088: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases FMS-like tyrosine + kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), the mast/stem cell factor receptor c-Kit + (SCFR; KIT) and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; C-FMS; + CD115; M-CSFR), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities + Upon administration, FLT3/KIT/CSF1R inhibitor NMS-03592088 binds to and inhibits + the activity of FLT3, KIT and CSF1R. This prevents FLT3, KIT and CSF1R-mediated + signaling and results in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing + FLT3, KIT and CSF1R. In addition, NMS-03592088 binds to CSF1R expressed on monocytes, + macrophages, and osteoclasts and inhibits the binding of the CSF1R ligands colony-stimulating + factor-1 (CSF-1) and interleukin-34 (IL-34), to CSF1R. This prevents CSF1R activation + and CSF1R-mediated signaling in these cells. This blocks the production of inflammatory + mediators by macrophages and monocytes and reduces inflammation. By blocking + the recruitment to the tumor microenvironment and activity of CSF1R-dependent + tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), NMS-03592088 inhibits the immunomodulating + activity by macrophages and enhances T-cell infiltration and antitumor T-cell + immune responses, which inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. FLT3, a class + III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage + neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and plays a key role in tumor + cell proliferation. c-Kit, a transmembrane protein and receptor tyrosine kinase, + is overexpressed in solid tumors and hematological malignancies; it plays a + key role in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation. CSF1R, + also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 + (cluster of differentiation 115), is a cell-surface receptor for its ligand + colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) and plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation + and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + FLT3/KIT/CSF1R Inhibitor NMS-03592088 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172195" + term_id: C172195 + term_version: 20.10d + +flt4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays an essential role in the development of embryonic cardiovasculature + and lymphatic vessel formation. + termDef: + term: >- + FLT4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24400" + term_id: C24400 + term_version: 20.10d + +fluorine_f_18_arag: + common: + description: >- + A radioconjugate composed of the guanosine analog arabinosyl guanine (Ara-G), + a high-affinity substrate for both cytoplasmic deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) and + mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase (dGK), labeled with fluorine F 18, that + can potentially be used as a tracer for imaging of activated T-lymphocytes during + positron emission tomography (PET). Upon administration, fluorine F 18 ara-G + is taken up by and accumulates in activated T-lymphocytes with high levels of + DCK and dGK. After phosphorylation by DCK and dGK, the 18F moiety can be visualized + by PET imaging. Fluorine F 18 ara-G can potentially be used as an imaging agent + to detect anti-tumor immune responses and to predict the therapeutic efficacy + of immunotherapies. DCK and dGK, both nucleoside salvage pathway enzymes, are + overexpressed in activated T-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Fluorine F 18 Ara-G + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C120100" + term_id: C120100 + term_version: 20.10d + +fnbp1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in endocytosis. + termDef: + term: >- + FNBP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97540" + term_id: C97540 + term_version: 20.10d + +foritinib_succinate: + common: + description: >- + The succinate salt form of foritinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the + receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and C-ros oncogene + 1 (ROS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, + foritinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK and ROS1, which + leads to the disruption of ALK- and ROS1-mediated signaling and the inhibition + of cell growth in ALK- and ROS1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, foritinib + is able to cross the blood brain barrier. ALK and ROS1, overexpressed or mutated + in many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, + invasion and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + Foritinib Succinate + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175475" + term_id: C175475 + term_version: 20.10d + +fosgemcitabine_palabenamide: + common: + description: >- + A pyrimidine analogue and a proprietary prodrug based on an aryloxy phosphoramidate + derivative of gemcitabine with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous + administration and cellular uptake, fosgemcitabine palabenamide is converted + into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and triphosphate (dFdCDP, + dFdCTP). dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide + pool available for DNA replication; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting + in premature termination of DNA replication and eventually induction of apoptosis. + With the phosphoramidate moiety on the gemcitabine monophosphate group, NUC-1031 + has improved properties over its parent molecule: 1) is more lipophilic and + accumulates in cancer cells by passive diffusion and does not require a nucleoside + transporter, 2) as the agent is delivered in the monophosphate form, the first + phosphorylation step by deoxycytidine kinase is not required, 3) this agent + is not susceptible to deactivation by cytidine deaminase cleavage of the monophosphorylated + form. Altogether, this may help overcome resistance to gemcitabine. + termDef: + term: >- + Fosgemcitabine Palabenamide + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102752" + term_id: C102752 + term_version: 20.10d + +fosifloxuridine_nafalbenamide: + common: + description: >- + A phosphoramidate-based prodrug of the monophosphate (MP) form of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine + (FUdR; FUDR), the active metabolite of fluorouracil (5-FU), an antimetabolite + fluoropyrimidine analog of the pyrimidine nucleoside, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration of the nucleotide analog prodrug fosifloxuridine + nafalbenamide, fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide is readily taken up by tumor cells. + In the tumor cell, the phosphoramidate moiety is removed and fosifloxuridine + nafalbenamide is converted to its active form FUDR-MP. In turn, FUDR-MP binds + to and inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), resulting in the depletion of thymidine + triphosphate (TTP) and thus DNA synthesis. With the phosphoramidate moiety attached + to FUDR-MP, fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide, compared to 5-FU, is more lipophilic + and accumulates in cancer cells by passive diffusion and does not require a + nucleoside transporter, thereby generating higher intracellular concentrations. + In addition, compared to 5-FU, once inside the cell FUDR-MP does not need to + be phosphorylated and is already in its active form. Unlike 5-FU, fosifloxuridine + nafalbenamide does not get deactivated or converted into toxic metabolites by + dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) and thymidine phosphorylase (TP), which + leads to both a longer half-life and less toxicity. + termDef: + term: >- + Fosifloxuridine Nafalbenamide + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C156680" + term_id: C156680 + term_version: 20.10d + +foxa1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the modulation of gene expression. + termDef: + term: >- + FOXA1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101646" + term_id: C101646 + term_version: 20.10d + +foxl2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in ovarian function. + termDef: + term: >- + FOXL2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C75472" + term_id: C75472 + term_version: 20.10d + +foxo1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and may play a role in myogenic + growth and differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + FOXO1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24402" + term_id: C24402 + term_version: 20.10d + +foxo3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + FOXO3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C28519" + term_id: C28519 + term_version: 20.10d + +foxo4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in smooth muscle cell differentiation, cellular growth, + cell cycle regulation and tumor suppression. + termDef: + term: >- + FOXO4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24606" + term_id: C24606 + term_version: 20.10d + +foxp1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional modulation. + termDef: + term: >- + FOXP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97549" + term_id: C97549 + term_version: 20.10d + +foxr1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in DNA binding and transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + FOXR1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143124" + term_id: C143124 + term_version: 20.10d + +frameshift_variant: + common: + description: >- + A mutation occurring within the protein-coding region of a gene which results + in a shift in the reading frame of the encoded protein. Frameshift mutations + often result in the premature truncation of a gene product. + termDef: + term: >- + Frameshift Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17354" + term_id: C17354 + term_version: 20.10d + +fstl3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in a variety of processes including transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + FSTL3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24408" + term_id: C24408 + term_version: 20.10d + +fubp1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional modulation. + termDef: + term: >- + FUBP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C99614" + term_id: C99614 + term_version: 20.10d + +fus: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in gene expression, genomic integrity and RNA processing. + termDef: + term: >- + FUS Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C91852" + term_id: C91852 + term_version: 20.10d + +futibatinib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) + with potential antineoplastic activity. Futibatinib selectively and irreversibly + binds to and inhibits FGFR, which may result in the inhibition of both the FGFR-mediated + signal transduction pathway and tumor cell proliferation, and increased cell + death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR is a receptor tyrosine kinase + essential to tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival and its + expression is upregulated in many tumor cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Futibatinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C114283" + term_id: C114283 + term_version: 20.10d + +g_proteincoupled_estrogen_receptor_agonist_lns8801: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable selective agonist of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor + (G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1; GPER; GPER1; GPR30), with potential + immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, LNS8801 + targets, binds to and activates GPER. This activates GPER-mediated signaling + and suppresses the expression of various tumor-associated genes, such as c-Myc + and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). This leads to an inhibition of tumor + cell proliferation. GPER activation may also induce immune memory. GPER is a + membrane protein and a member of the G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that + are widely distributed in various tissues. GPER is a tumor suppressor in a wide + range of cell cancer types. + termDef: + term: >- + G Protein-coupled Estrogen Receptor Agonist LNS8801 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165626" + term_id: C165626 + term_version: 20.10d + +gain: + common: + description: >- + Gain; to increase or the amount of increase. + termDef: + term: >- + Gain + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C37956" + term_id: C37956 + term_version: 20.10d + +galliumbased_bone_resorption_inhibitor_ap002: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable gallium (Ga)-based small molecule agent with potential + anti-bone resorption and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, + AP-002 selectively inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption, + and may promote the growth of osteoblasts thereby improving the skeletal sequelae + of bony metastases which include pain, spinal cord compression, fractures and + hypercalcemia of malignancy. Additionally, AP-002 may, through an as of yet + undescribed mechanism of action, directly target and kill bone tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Gallium-based Bone Resorption Inhibitor AP-002 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165650" + term_id: C165650 + term_version: 20.10d + +gammaenolase: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of neuron specific enolase present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Neuron Specific Enolase Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C116205" + term_id: C116205 + term_version: 20.10d + +gas7: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in neuronal development. + termDef: + term: >- + GAS7 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97562" + term_id: C97562 + term_version: 20.10d + +gata1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in erythropoiesis and transcriptional activation. + termDef: + term: >- + GATA1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C28575" + term_id: C28575 + term_version: 20.10d + +gata2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both DNA binding and transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + GATA2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97552" + term_id: C97552 + term_version: 20.10d + +gata3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the modulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + GATA3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C75492" + term_id: C75492 + term_version: 20.10d + +gbm_antigens_and_alloantigens_immunotherapeutic_vaccine: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, immunotherapeutic vaccine composed of hydrolyzed and + formulated glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) antigens and alloantigens derived from + a pool of patients' cancer cells in the blood and samples of tumor tissues, + with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration + of the GBM antigens and alloantigens immunotherapeutic vaccine, the GBM antigens + and alloantigens may stimulate the host immune system via antigen-presenting + cells (APCs) lining the gut to mount an immune response against tumor cells + expressing these antigens. This may lead to tumor cell death. + termDef: + term: >- + GBM Antigens and Alloantigens Immunotherapeutic Vaccine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172199" + term_id: C172199 + term_version: 20.10d + +genetically_modified_interleukin12_transgeneencoding_bifidobacterium_longum: + common: + description: >- + A live, genetically modified probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) + engineered to deliver genetic material encoding the human pro-inflammatory transgene + interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunoactivating activity. Upon administration + of genetically modified IL-12 transgene-encoding B. longum, the bacteria selectively + colonize hypoxic tumor tissues and deliver plasmid DNA encoding the IL-12 transgene + within the tumor microenvironment (TME). IL-12 is translated in cells and activates + the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NK cells), + inducing secretion of interferon-gamma and promoting cytotoxic T-cell responses + against tumor cells. This may result in both immune-mediated tumor cell death + and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + Genetically Modified Interleukin-12 Transgene-encoding Bifidobacterium longum + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171371" + term_id: C171371 + term_version: 20.10d + +germline: + common: + description: >- + Any mutation that appears in the gametes and which will therefore be transmitted + to the progeny with some frequency. + termDef: + term: >- + Germline Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17666" + term_id: C17666 + term_version: 20.10d + +giloralimab: + common: + description: >- + An agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell surface antigen + CD40, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, giloralimab + binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This induces CD40-dependent + signaling pathways, triggers the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting + cells (APCs), and activates T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. CD40, a cell surface receptor + and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed + on various immune cells and plays a key role in the activation of the immune + system. + termDef: + term: >- + Giloralimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C139553" + term_id: C139553 + term_version: 20.10d + +giredestrant: + common: + description: >- + An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, giredestrant + specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational + change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and + inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Giredestrant + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C147030" + term_id: C147030 + term_version: 20.10d + +gli1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a regulatory role in transcription and embryonic development. + termDef: + term: >- + GLI1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24432" + term_id: C24432 + term_version: 20.10d + +glofitamab: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential antineoplastic activity. Glofitamab + contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface + antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is exclusively + expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed + in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, glofitamab binds to both T-cells + and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger + a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the CD20-expressing tumor + B-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Glofitamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148486" + term_id: C148486 + term_version: 20.10d + +glutaminase_inhibitor_ipn60090: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of glutaminase, with potential antineoplastic + and immunostimulating activities. Upon oral administration, IPN60090 selectively + targets, binds to and inhibits human glutaminase, an enzyme that is essential + for the conversion of the amino acid glutamine into glutamate. Blocking glutamine + metabolism inhibits proliferation in rapidly growing tumor cells and leads to + an induction of cell death. Unlike normal healthy cells, glutamine-dependent + tumors heavily rely on the intracellular conversion of exogenous glutamine into + glutamate and glutamate metabolites to provide energy and generate building + blocks for the production of macromolecules, which are needed for cellular growth + and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Glutaminase Inhibitor IPN60090 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165612" + term_id: C165612 + term_version: 20.10d + +glutamine_antagonist_drp104: + common: + description: >- + A broad acting glutamine antagonist, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, DON (6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine), the active + moiety of DRP-104, irreversibly inhibits multiple enzymes involved in glutamine + metabolism. Blocking glutamine metabolism inhibits proliferation in rapidly + growing tumor cells and leads to an induction of cell death. Unlike normal healthy + cells, glutamine-dependent tumors rely heavily on the intracellular conversion + of exogenous glutamine into glutamate and glutamate metabolites to both provide + energy and generate building blocks for the production of macromolecules, which + are needed for cellular growth and survival. In addition, blocking glutamine + metabolism leads to the accumulation of glutamine in tumor cells and increases + glutamine concentration in the tumor microenvironment (TME) upon tumor cell + death. As glutamine is essential for T-cell generation, DON may also enhance + T-cell proliferation and activation in the TME, which may lead to further killing + of tumor cells. The conversion of DRP-104 to the active moiety DON occurs primarily + in tumor cells, allowing glutamine metabolism in healthy cells which may lessen + adverse effects. + termDef: + term: >- + Glutamine Antagonist DRP-104 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174038" + term_id: C174038 + term_version: 20.10d + +gmps: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in nucleotide biosynthesis. + termDef: + term: >- + GMPS Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97522" + term_id: C97522 + term_version: 20.10d + +gna11: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + GNA11 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C89717" + term_id: C89717 + term_version: 20.10d + +gnaq: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and is involved in calcium signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + GNAQ Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38316" + term_id: C38316 + term_version: 20.10d + +gnas: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and is associated with pituitary + tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + GNAS Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38317" + term_id: C38317 + term_version: 20.10d + +golga5: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in Golgi maintenance. + termDef: + term: >- + GOLGA5 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97543" + term_id: C97543 + term_version: 20.10d + +gopc: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in protein transport. + termDef: + term: >- + GOPC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97546" + term_id: C97546 + term_version: 20.10d + +gpc3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in heparin sulfate binding. + termDef: + term: >- + GPC3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C88173" + term_id: C88173 + term_version: 20.10d + +gphn: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in vitamin metabolism. + termDef: + term: >- + GPHN Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97525" + term_id: C97525 + term_version: 20.10d + +granulocyte: + common: + description: >- + A type of leukocyte with a multilobed nucleus and cytoplasmic granules. The + unique morphology of the nucleus has led to their also being known as polymorphonuclear + leukocytes (PMLs or PMNs). Granulocytes are subdivided according to the staining + properties of their granules into eosinophils (red with acidic dye), basophils + (blue with basic dye), and neutrophils (not amenable to staining with either + acidic or basic dyes). + termDef: + term: >- + Granulocyte + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C12530" + term_id: C12530 + term_version: 20.10d + +grin2a: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of ion transport. + termDef: + term: >- + GRIN2A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98146" + term_id: C98146 + term_version: 20.10d + +grm3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in ligand-depending signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + GRM3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C114529" + term_id: C114529 + term_version: 20.10d + +h1: + common: + description: >- + Linker Histone H1 interacts with DNA between nucleosome units in mediating chromatin + compaction into higher order structures. Histones are basic nuclear proteins + responsible for the nucleosome structure of eukaryotic chromatin. Repeating + nucleosome units contain two molecules each of core Histones H2A, H2B, H3, and + H4 that form an octamer complex around which approximately 146 base pairs of + DNA is wrapped. (NCI) + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H1 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C16683" + term_id: C16683 + term_version: 20.10d + +h2a: + common: + description: >- + Slightly lysine rich histone. One of four histones assembled into a nucleosomal + core octamer. Various posttranslationally modified forms and variants exist. + Combines with histone H2B in a heterodimer; two H2A/H2B dimers are incorporated + in the nucleosomal octamer. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H2A + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C16684" + term_id: C16684 + term_version: 20.10d + +h2abbd: + common: + description: >- + A variant form of histone H2A found in chromatin structures that are transcriptionally + active. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H2A-Bbd + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C154613" + term_id: C154613 + term_version: 20.10d + +h2ax: + common: + description: >- + Histone H2AX (143 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human H2AX gene. This protein + plays a role in nucleosome formation and V(D)J recombination. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H2AX + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C19432" + term_id: C19432 + term_version: 20.10d + +h2az: + common: + description: >- + Histone H2A.Z (128 aa, ~14 kDa) is encoded by the human H2AZ1 gene. This protein + is involved in nucleosome and heterochromatin formation. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H2A.Z + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C126766" + term_id: C126766 + term_version: 20.10d + +h2az1: + common: + description: >- + Histone H2A.Z (128 aa, ~14 kDa) is encoded by the human H2AZ1 gene. This protein + is involved in nucleosome and heterochromatin formation. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H2A.Z + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C126766" + term_id: C126766 + term_version: 20.10d + +h2az2: + common: + description: >- + Histone H2A.V (128 aa, ~14 kDa) is encoded by the human H2AZ2 gene. This protein + is involved in nucleosome formation. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H2A.V + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C162832" + term_id: C162832 + term_version: 20.10d + +h2az22: + common: + description: >- + Histone H2A.V isoform 2 (114 aa, ~12 kDa) is encoded by the human H2AZ2 gene. + This protein plays a role in nucleosome stability. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H2A.V Isoform 2 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C162834" + term_id: C162834 + term_version: 20.10d + +h2b: + common: + description: >- + Histone H2B is a core subunit of the eukaryotic nucleosome complex. Histones + are basic nuclear proteins responsible for the nucleosome structure of chromatin. + Repeating nucleosome units contain two molecules each of Histones H2A, H2B, + H3, and H4 that form an octamer complex around which approximately 146 base + pairs of DNA is wrapped. Linker Histone H1 interacts with DNA between nucleosome + units in mediating chromatin compaction into higher order structures. (NCI) + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H2B + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17460" + term_id: C17460 + term_version: 20.10d + +h3: + common: + description: >- + Histone H3 is a core subunit of the eukaryotic nucleosome complex. Histones + are basic nuclear proteins responsible for the nucleosome structure of chromatin. + Repeating nucleosome units contain two molecules each of Histones H2A, H2B, + H3, and H4 that form an octamer complex around which approximately 146 base + pairs of DNA is wrapped. Linker Histone H1 interacts with DNA between nucleosome + units in mediating chromatin compaction into higher order structures. (NCI) + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H3 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C16685" + term_id: C16685 + term_version: 20.10d + +h31: + common: + description: >- + Histone H3.1 (136 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human H3C1, H3C2, H3C3, H3C4, + H3C6, H3C7, H3C8, H3C10, H3C11 and H3C12 genes. This protein plays a role in + the formation of chromatin structures. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H3.1 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101734" + term_id: C101734 + term_version: 20.10d + +h32: + common: + description: >- + Histone H3.2 (136 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human H3C13, H3C14 and H3C15 + genes. This protein plays a role in nucleosome remodeling and chromosomal structure. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H3.2 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148067" + term_id: C148067 + term_version: 20.10d + +h33: + common: + description: >- + Histone H3.3 (136 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by both the human H3-3A and H3-3B + genes. This protein plays a role in chromosomal structure. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H3.3 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101445" + term_id: C101445 + term_version: 20.10d + +h35: + common: + description: >- + Histone H3.3C (135 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human H3-5 gene. This protein + is involved in the modulation of DNA accessibility to the transcriptional machinery. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H3.3C + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C154668" + term_id: C154668 + term_version: 20.10d + +h3x: + common: + description: >- + Human H3.X gene is located in the vicinity of 5p15.1 and is approximately 0.4 + kb in length. This pseudogene has no formally documented products. + termDef: + term: >- + H3.X Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C155735" + term_id: C155735 + term_version: 20.10d + +h3y: + common: + description: >- + Histone H3.Y (136 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human H3.Y gene. This protein + may be involved in both transcriptional regulation and the formation of higher + order chromatin structures. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H3.Y + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C155738" + term_id: C155738 + term_version: 20.10d + +h3f3a: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in chromatin structure. + termDef: + term: >- + H3F3A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101443" + term_id: C101443 + term_version: 20.10d + +h3f3b: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in nucleosome assembly. + termDef: + term: >- + H3F3B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C113760" + term_id: C113760 + term_version: 20.10d + +h3t_h34: + common: + description: >- + Histone H3.1t (136 aa, ~16 kDa) is encoded by the human H3-4 gene. This protein + is involved in formation of higher order chromatin structures. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H3.1t + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C154671" + term_id: C154671 + term_version: 20.10d + +h4: + common: + description: >- + Histone H4 (103 aa, ~11 kDa) is encoded by the human H4C1, H4C2, H4C3, H4C4, + H4C5, H4C6, H4C6, H4C8, H4C9, H4C11, H4C12, H4C13, H4C14, H4C15, H4-16 genes. + This protein plays a role in nucleating the formation of high order chromatin + structures as a part of nucleosomes. + termDef: + term: >- + Histone H4 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C16686" + term_id: C16686 + term_version: 20.10d + +hematocrit: + common: + description: >- + A measure of the volume of red blood cells expressed as a percentage of the + total blood volume. Normal in males is 43-49%, in females 37-43%. + termDef: + term: >- + Hematocrit Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C64796" + term_id: C64796 + term_version: 20.10d + +hemizygous: + common: + description: >- + Having only one copy of a particular gene or genetic region. + termDef: + term: >- + Hemizygosity + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C64346" + term_id: C64346 + term_version: 20.10d + +her2_inhibitor_dzd1516: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, blood brain barrier (BBB) penetrable inhibitor of the + receptor tyrosine kinase human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; + HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HER2 + inhibitor DZD1516 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of HER2. This + prevents HER2-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in HER2-expressing + tumor cells. HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed on a variety of + tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor + vascularization. + termDef: + term: >- + HER2 Inhibitor DZD1516 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174039" + term_id: C174039 + term_version: 20.10d + +her2_trispecific_natural_killer_cell_engager_df1001: + common: + description: >- + An engineered molecule based on tri-specific natural killer (NK) cell engager + therapies (TriNKET) that is directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor + 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, HER2 tri-specific NK cell engager DF1001 targets + and binds to HER2 on tumor cells and simultaneously binds to NK cells, thereby + bringing HER2-expressing tumor cells and NK cells together, which stimulates + the NK cells and results in the selective NK cell-mediated tumor cell lysis + of HER2-expressing tumor cells. The binding of HER2-expressing tumor cells and + NK cells may also lead to the activation of T-cells and B-cells, potentiating + the immune response against HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a receptor tyrosine + kinase (RTK) mutated or overexpressed in many tumor cell types, plays a key + role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. + termDef: + term: >- + HER2 Tri-specific Natural Killer Cell Engager DF1001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172279" + term_id: C172279 + term_version: 20.10d + +her2directed_tlr8_agonist_sbt6050: + common: + description: >- + An immunotherapeutic composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the + tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; + HER2; ErbB2) conjugated to a Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8; CD288) agonist, with + potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous + administration of the HER2-directed TLR8 agonist SBT6050, the anti-HER2 monoclonal + antibody targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells, thereby localizing + the TLR8 agonist directly to the tumor site. In turn, the TLR8 agonist moiety + binds to TLR8 expressed on myeloid cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). + This activates myeloid cells, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), + myeloid cell-derived suppressive cells (MDSCs), and conventional dendritic cells + (cDCs). This may lead to the activation of nuclear factor NF-kappa-B, the production + of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, macrophage-induced tumor cell + killing, inflammasome activation, activation of cytolytic natural killer (NK) + cells and neutrophils, and the induction of a Th1-weighted anti-tumor immune + response. It also reverses the suppression of senescent naive and tumor-specific + T-cells, and enhances the anti-tumor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response. + TLR8, like other TLRs, recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) + and plays a key role in innate and adaptive immunity. HER2, a tyrosine kinase + receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + HER2-directed TLR8 Agonist SBT6050 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174010" + term_id: C174010 + term_version: 20.10d + +herpud1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the response to endoplasmic reticulum stress. + termDef: + term: >- + HERPUD1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97534" + term_id: C97534 + term_version: 20.10d + +heterozygous: + common: + description: >- + Having two different allelic forms of a gene, one inherited from each parent, + on each of the two homologous chromosomes. + termDef: + term: >- + Heterozygosity + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C45825" + term_id: C45825 + term_version: 20.10d + +hey1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both transcription factor binding and transcriptional + repression. + termDef: + term: >- + HEY1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101107" + term_id: C101107 + term_version: 20.10d + +hif1a: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cardiovascular development and systemic oxygen homeostasis. + termDef: + term: >- + HIF1A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26372" + term_id: C26372 + term_version: 20.10d + +hif2a_rnai_arohif2: + common: + description: >- + An RNA interference (RNAi) targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 2alpha (HIF-2a), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of HIF2a RNAi ARO-HIF2, + the agent binds to and neutralizes mRNA HIF2a, thereby preventing the production + of HIF2a. This may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. HIF2a, + overexpressed in certain cell types, plays a key role in proliferation, progression + and metastasis of tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + HIF2a RNAi ARO-HIF2 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170918" + term_id: C170918 + term_version: 20.10d + +hilar: + common: + description: >- + A lymph node located in the area around the hilum. + termDef: + term: >- + Perihilar Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102330" + term_id: C102330 + term_version: 20.10d + +hip1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both vesicle coat formation and endocytosis. + termDef: + term: >- + HIP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97537" + term_id: C97537 + term_version: 20.10d + +hist1h3b: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in chromatin structure. + termDef: + term: >- + HIST1H3B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101732" + term_id: C101732 + term_version: 20.10d + +hist1h4i: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in nucleosomal structure. + termDef: + term: >- + HIST1H4I Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C68734" + term_id: C68734 + term_version: 20.10d + +hlaa: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in immune responses and histocompatibility processes. + termDef: + term: >- + HLA-A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C28585" + term_id: C28585 + term_version: 20.10d + +hladr: + common: + description: >- + Encoded by multiple HLA-DRA and HLA-DRB genes in a complex variable 5 cM region + of MHC between HLA-B and -D, HLA-DR Antigens are Class II histocompatibility + transmembrane glycoprotein heterodimers of alpha (heavy, 35-kD) and beta (light, + 27-kD) chains. Located predominantly on B cells and macrophages, HLA-DR antigens + function in antigen presentation to regulatory T cells in the immune response + and in self/nonself discrimination. Invariant alpha and polymorphic beta chains + have glycosylated N-termini, hydrophobic membrane regions, and hydrophilic C-termini. + The heterodimer consists of 4 extracellular domains; invariant alpha-1, polymorphic + N-terminal beta-1, and conserved Ig-like alpha-2 and beta-2. Alpha-1 and alpha-2 + contain disulfide loops. Beta-1 contains 2 small variable regions. Alpha sequences + have relatively simple structure; beta chains carry the major polymorphic determinants. + termDef: + term: >- + HLA-DR Antigen + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C16692" + term_id: C16692 + term_version: 20.10d + +hlf: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both transcriptional regulation and DNA binding. + termDef: + term: >- + HLF Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97556" + term_id: C97556 + term_version: 20.10d + +hmga1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in a number of cellular processes including apoptosis, + chromatin organization and transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + HMGA1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20576" + term_id: C20576 + term_version: 20.10d + +hmga2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in chromatin organization and regulation of gene transcription. + It also plays a role in development. + termDef: + term: >- + HMGA2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20577" + term_id: C20577 + term_version: 20.10d + +hmgn2p46: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in prostate functions. + termDef: + term: >- + HMGN2P46 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98093" + term_id: C98093 + term_version: 20.10d + +hnf1a: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both DNA binding and transcriptional modulation. + termDef: + term: >- + HNF1A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97825" + term_id: C97825 + term_version: 20.10d + +hnrnpa2b1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in RNA processing and transport. + termDef: + term: >- + HNRNPA2B1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97496" + term_id: C97496 + term_version: 20.10d + +homozygous: + common: + description: >- + Having two identical allelic forms of a gene, one inherited from each parent, + on each of the two homologous chromosomes. + termDef: + term: >- + Homozygosity + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C45826" + term_id: C45826 + term_version: 20.10d + +hook3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in endocytosis and Golgi maintenance. + termDef: + term: >- + HOOK3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97493" + term_id: C97493 + term_version: 20.10d + +hoxa11: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in embryologic pattern formation. + termDef: + term: >- + HOXA11 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97568" + term_id: C97568 + term_version: 20.10d + +hoxa13: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional modulation. + termDef: + term: >- + HOXA13 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97571" + term_id: C97571 + term_version: 20.10d + +hoxa9: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation, morphogenesis and differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + HOXA9 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24474" + term_id: C24474 + term_version: 20.10d + +hoxb1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the development of anterior embryonic structures and + facial nerves. + termDef: + term: >- + HOXB1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C162630" + term_id: C162630 + term_version: 20.10d + +hoxc11: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in embryological development. + termDef: + term: >- + HOXC11 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97574" + term_id: C97574 + term_version: 20.10d + +hoxc13: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the modulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + HOXC13 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97577" + term_id: C97577 + term_version: 20.10d + +hoxd11: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in limb morphogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + HOXD11 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97580" + term_id: C97580 + term_version: 20.10d + +hoxd13: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the development of limbs and appendages. + termDef: + term: >- + HOXD13 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97583" + term_id: C97583 + term_version: 20.10d + +hpv_16_e6e7encoding_arenavirus_vaccine_hb202: + common: + description: >- + A cancer vaccine consisting of replication-attenuated arenavirus encoding the + inactivated fusion protein of the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 derived from + the human papillomavirus (HPV) serotype 16, with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, HPV 16 E6/E7-encoding arenavirus + vaccine HB-202 induces expression of the E6/E7 proteins and stimulates the host + immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor + cells expressing HPV16 E6 and E7, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Oncoproteins + E6 and E7 play a key role in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia + (CIN) and cervical carcinoma. + termDef: + term: >- + HPV 16 E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-202 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173149" + term_id: C173149 + term_version: 20.10d + +hpv_e6e7encoding_arenavirus_vaccine_hb201: + common: + description: >- + A cancer vaccine consisting of a replication-attenuated arenavirus lymphocytic + choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) encoding the inactivated fusion protein of the + viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV) serotype + 16, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + HPV E6/E7-encoding arenavirus vaccine HB-201 induces expression of the E6/E7 + proteins and stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HPV16 E6 and E7, resulting in + tumor cell lysis. Oncoproteins E6 and E7 play a key role in the development + of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical carcinoma. + termDef: + term: >- + HPV E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-201 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167349" + term_id: C167349 + term_version: 20.10d + +hpve6e7: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of the human papillomavirus transforming proteins + E6 and E7 present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Human Papillomavirus E6/E7 Protein Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171144" + term_id: C171144 + term_version: 20.10d + +hpv611targeted_dna_plasmid_vaccine_ino3107: + common: + description: >- + A DNA vaccine consisting of plasmids encoding E6 and E7 genes of human papilloma + virus subtype 6 (HPV-6) and 11 (HPV-11), with potential immunostimulating and + antineoplastic activities. Upon administration via intramuscular electroporation, + the HPV-6/11-targeted DNA plasmid vaccine INO-3107 expresses the HPV-6/11 E6 + and E7 proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against + tumor cells that are expressing HPV6 and/or HPV11 E6 and E7 proteins, resulting + in tumor cell lysis. HPV-6/11 infections are associated with aerodigestive malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + HPV6/11-targeted DNA Plasmid Vaccine INO-3107 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173718" + term_id: C173718 + term_version: 20.10d + +hras: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and cellular communication. + termDef: + term: >- + HRAS Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17060" + term_id: C17060 + term_version: 20.10d + +hsp90_inhibitor_tqb3474: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, Hsp90 inhibitor TQB3474 specifically blocks Hsp90, + which inhibits its chaperone function and promotes the proteasomal degradation + of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. + This may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90, a chaperone + complex protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types, regulates the + folding and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins. + termDef: + term: >- + Hsp90 Inhibitor TQB3474 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173550" + term_id: C173550 + term_version: 20.10d + +hsp90targeted_photosensitizer_hs201: + common: + description: >- + A conjugate consisting of a heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor connected + via a linker to verteporfin, a photosensitizing agent, with potential imaging, + photodynamic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the Hsp90 inhibitor + moiety of HS-201 selectively binds to the Hsp90 ATP binding domain in tumor + cells and HS-201 accumulates in tumor cells. The verteporfin moiety of HS-201 + allows for visualization and photodynamic therapy of the tumors. Hsp90, a chaperone + protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding, stability + and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins. Verteporfin is a synthetic + photosensitizer with photodynamic activity. + termDef: + term: >- + Hsp90-targeted Photosensitizer HS-201 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172190" + term_id: C172190 + term_version: 20.10d + +hsp90aa1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both protein folding and nitric oxide metabolism. + termDef: + term: >- + HSP90AA1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97586" + term_id: C97586 + term_version: 20.10d + +hsp90ab1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both interferon signaling and protein folding. + termDef: + term: >- + HSP90AB1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97589" + term_id: C97589 + term_version: 20.10d + +human_chorionic_gonadotropin: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of choriogonadotropin present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Choriogonadotropin Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C147128" + term_id: C147128 + term_version: 20.10d + +human_papillomavirus: + common: + description: >- + Any microbiologic test or molecular assay used to detect the presence of a human + papillomavirus in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Human Papillomavirus Test + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171145" + term_id: C171145 + term_version: 20.10d + +hyaluronidasezzxfpertuzumabtrastuzumab: + common: + description: >- + A ready-to-use fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab, both recombinant + humanized monoclonal antibodies directed against the tyrosine kinase receptor + (TKR) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; HER-2; receptor tyrosine-protein + kinase erbB-2), and hyaluronidase-zzxf, a biosimilar of the recombinant form + of the naturally occurring endoglycosidase hyaluronidase, with antineoplastic + activity that can be used for the treatment of HER2-overexpressing breast cancers. + Upon subcutaneous administration, hyaluronidase-zzxf temporarily breaks down + the hyaluronan barrier, which decreases viscosity of, and allows both pertuzumab + and trastuzumab to spread rapidly through the interstitial space. This improves + access to lymphatic and capillary vessels and facilitates the absorption of + both antibodies into the bloodstream. Pertuzumab targets and binds to the extracellular + dimerization domain (subdomain II) of HER2 and blocks ligand-dependent heterodimerization + of HER2 with other HER family members, including EGFR, HER3 and HER4. This inhibits + ligand-initiated intracellular signaling and prevents the activation of the + mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) + signaling pathways, leading to growth arrest and apoptosis in HER2-overexpressing + tumor cells, respectively. Trastuzumab targets and binds to subdomain IV of + HER2 and inhibits ligand-independent, HER2 mediated cell proliferation and inhibits + the PI3K signaling pathway in HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. Both antibodies + induce an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against HER2-expressing + tumor cells. HER2 is overexpressed in many adenocarcinomas, particularly breast + adenocarcinomas. + termDef: + term: >- + Hyaluronidase-zzxf/Pertuzumab/Trastuzumab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173339" + term_id: C173339 + term_version: 20.10d + +hyperdiploid: + common: + description: >- + A chromosomal abnormality in which the chromosomal number is greater than the + normal diploid number. + termDef: + term: >- + Hyperdiploidy + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C80336" + term_id: C80336 + term_version: 20.10d + +hypermethylation: + common: + description: >- + Hypermethylation appears to be a controlled, epigenetic, heritable, and aberrant + DNA methylation reaction on gene promoter regions and CpG islands associated + with loss of (e.g., tumor-suppressor) gene function in diverse cellular pathways + through transcriptional silencing by the formation of transcriptionally repressive + chromatin. + termDef: + term: >- + Hypermethylation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20102" + term_id: C20102 + term_version: 20.10d + +hypodiploid: + common: + description: >- + A chromosomal abnormality in which the chromosomal number is less than the normal + diploid number. + termDef: + term: >- + Hypodiploidy + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C80337" + term_id: C80337 + term_version: 20.10d + +iadademstat: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of lysine specific histone demethylase 1 (KDM1A; + LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, iadademstat + binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of + target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position + 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively. LSD1 inhibition + enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor suppressor genes. + This may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. + In addition, LSD1 demethylates mono- or di-methylated H3K9, which increases + gene expression of tumor promoting genes; inhibition of LSD1 promotes H3K9 methylation + and decreases transcription of these genes. LSD1, an enzyme belonging to the + flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent amine oxidase family, is overexpressed + in certain tumor cells and plays a key role in in the regulation of gene expression, + tumor cell growth and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Iadademstat + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C131908" + term_id: C131908 + term_version: 20.10d + +ianalumab: + common: + description: >- + A fully human combinatorial antibody library (HuCAL)-derived monoclonal antibody + targeting the B-cell-activating factor receptor (BAFF-R), with potential anti-inflammatory + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ianalumab targets and binds + to BAFF-R, which inhibits both BAFF/BAFF-R interaction and BAFF-R-mediated signaling. + This may decrease cell growth in tumor cells expressing BAFF-R. BAFF-R, also + known as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13C, is overexpressed + in certain tumor cell types and autoimmune diseases. In cancer cells, BAFF-R + plays a key role in B-cell proliferation and survival. VAY736 was developed + using HuCAL technology. + termDef: + term: >- + Ianalumab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C116788" + term_id: C116788 + term_version: 20.10d + +id3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional repression. + termDef: + term: >- + ID3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102968" + term_id: C102968 + term_version: 20.10d + +idetrexed: + common: + description: >- + An alpha-folate receptor (aFR)-mediated inhibitor of thymidylate synthase (TS), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, idetrexed + selectively targets and binds to aFR-expressing tumor cells. Upon uptake by + aFR, this agent binds to and inhibits TS. This reduces thymine nucleotide synthesis, + inhibits both DNA synthesis and cell division, and leads to tumor cell apoptosis. + TS catalyzes the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine + monophosphate (dTMP), an essential precursor for DNA synthesis, and plays a + key role in cell growth and division. aFR, a cell-surface receptor glycoprotein, + is overexpressed on various tumor cell types, but is minimally expressed by + normal, healthy tissue. + termDef: + term: >- + Idetrexed + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C120550" + term_id: C120550 + term_version: 20.10d + +idh1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in carbohydrate metabolism. + termDef: + term: >- + IDH1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C77215" + term_id: C77215 + term_version: 20.10d + +idh1_mutant_inhibitor_ly3410738: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of mutant form of the isocitrate dehydrogenase + type 1 (IDH1; IDH-1; IDH1 [NADP+] soluble), including the substitution mutation + at arginine (R) in position 132, IDH1(R132), with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon oral administration, IDH1 mutant inhibitor LY3410738 specifically and covalently + binds to and modifies a single cysteine (Cys269) in the allosteric binding pocket + of mutant forms of IDH1, thereby inactivating IDH1. This inhibits the formation + of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). + This depletes 2-HG levels, prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both + an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation + in tumor cells expressing mutant forms of IDH1. In addition, LY3410738 has the + ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). IDH1 mutations, including IDH1(R132) + mutations, are highly expressed in certain malignancies, including gliomas; + they initiate and drive cancer growth by both blocking cell differentiation + and catalyzing the formation of 2HG. + termDef: + term: >- + IDH1 Mutant Inhibitor LY3410738 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175542" + term_id: C175542 + term_version: 20.10d + +idh2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in intermediary metabolism. + termDef: + term: >- + IDH2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C84948" + term_id: C84948 + term_version: 20.10d + +idotdo_inhibitor_ly01013: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase + 1 (IDO1; IDO-1) and the kynurenine-producing hepatic enzyme tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase + (TDO), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + IDO1/TDO inhibitor LY-01013 specifically targets and binds to both IDO1, a cytosolic + enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive + metabolite kynurenine, and TDO, a hepatic enzyme catalyzing the first step of + tryptophan degradation. By inhibiting IDO1 and TDO, LY-01013 decreases kynurenine + levels in tumor cells, restores tryptophan and promotes the proliferation and + activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural + killer (NK) cells and T-lymphocytes. This reduces the number of tumor-associated + regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and activates the immune system to induce a cytotoxic + T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the IDO1/TDO-expressing tumor cells, thereby + inhibiting the growth of the tumor cells. IDO1 and TDO, both overexpressed by + multiple tumor cell types, play important roles in immunosuppression and the + promotion of tumor cell survival and proliferation. Tryptophan depletion inhibits + T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and subsequently suppresses the immune + system. + termDef: + term: >- + IDO/TDO Inhibitor LY-01013 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171343" + term_id: C171343 + term_version: 20.10d + +ido1tdo2_inhibitor_m4112: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of both the enzymes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1) + and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2; TDO-2), with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1/TDO2 inhibitor M4112 + targets, binds to and inhibits both IDO1 and TDO2, which catalyze the first + and rate-limiting step in the production of the immunosuppressive transcription + factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand kynurenine (Kyn). This inhibits + the IDO1/TDO2-Kyn-AhR pathway and abrogates AhR activation. This prevents the + activation of immune-tolerant dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs) + in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and may restore the immune response by + stimulating a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells + in which IDO1 and/or TDO2 are overexpressed. The IDO1/TDO2-KYN-AhR pathway is + overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in immunosuppression. + Its expression is correlated with poor prognosis. + termDef: + term: >- + IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor M4112 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168808" + term_id: C168808 + term_version: 20.10d + +ieramilimab: + common: + description: >- + A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte + activation gene-3 (LAG-3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, Ieramilimab binds to LAG-3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating + lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility complex + (MHC) class II molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific + T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which + leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG-3, a member of the immunoglobulin + superfamily (IgSF) and expressed on various immune cells, negatively regulates + cellular proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is + associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression. + termDef: + term: >- + Ieramilimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122683" + term_id: C122683 + term_version: 20.10d + +igh: + common: + description: >- + This region represents the germline organization of the immunoglobulin heavy + chain locus. The locus includes V (variable), J (joining), diversity (D), and + C (constant) segments. During B cell development, a recombination event at the + DNA level joins a D segment with a J segment; a V segment is then joined to + the D-J gene. The C segment is later joined by splicing at the RNA level. Recombination + of many different V segments with several D and J segments provides a wide range + of antigen recognition. Additional diversity is attained by junctional diversity, + resulting from the random additional of nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase, + and by somatic hypermutation, which occurs during B cell maturation in the spleen + and lymph nodes. (from LocusLink) + termDef: + term: >- + Immunoglobulin Heavy Locus + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26422" + term_id: C26422 + term_version: 20.10d + +igk: + common: + description: >- + This region represents the germline organization of the kappa light chain locus. + The locus includes V (variable), J (joining), and C (constant) segments. During + B cell development, a recombination event at the DNA level joins a single V + segment with a J segment; the C segment is later joined by splicing at the RNA + level. Recombination of many different V segments with several J segments provides + a wide range of antigen recognition. Additional diversity is attained by junctional + diversity, resulting from the random additional of nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase, + and by somatic hypermutation, which occurs during B cell maturation in the spleen + and lymph nodes. (from LocusLink) + termDef: + term: >- + Immunoglobulin Kappa Locus + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26425" + term_id: C26425 + term_version: 20.10d + +igkc: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the structure of immunoglobulin light chains. + termDef: + term: >- + IGKC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171139" + term_id: C171139 + term_version: 20.10d + +igl: + common: + description: >- + This region represents the germline organization of the lambda light chain locus. + The locus includes V (variable), J (joining), and C (constant) segments. During + B cell development, a recombination event at the DNA level joins a single V + segment with a J segment; the C segment is later joined by splicing at the RNA + level. Recombination of many different V segments with several J segments provides + a wide range of antigen recognition. Additional diversity is attained by junctional + diversity, resulting from the random additional of nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase, + and by somatic hypermutation, which occurs during B cell maturation in the spleen + and lymph nodes. (from LocusLink) + termDef: + term: >- + Immunoglobulin Lambda Locus + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26423" + term_id: C26423 + term_version: 20.10d + +ihc: + common: + description: >- + Immunohistochemical staining techniques allow for the visualization of antigens + via the sequential application of a specific antibody to the antigen (primary + antibody), a secondary antibody to the primary antibody and an enzyme complex + with a chromogenic substrate. The enzymatic activation of the chromogen results + in a visible reaction product at the antigen site. The specimen may then be + counterstained and coverslipped. Results are interpreted using a light microscope + and aid in the differential diagnosis of pathophysiological processes, which + may or may not be associated with a particular antigen. + termDef: + term: >- + Immunohistochemistry Staining Method + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C23020" + term_id: C23020 + term_version: 20.10d + +ikbkb: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in protein phosphorylation. + termDef: + term: >- + IKBKB Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96383" + term_id: C96383 + term_version: 20.10d + +ikzf1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in B-cell and T-cell maturation. + termDef: + term: >- + IKZF1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C68730" + term_id: C68730 + term_version: 20.10d + +il12sc_il15sushi_ifna_and_gmcsf_mrnabased_immunotherapeutic_agent_sar441000: + common: + description: >- + An immunotherapeutic agent utilizing mRNA to encode the cytokines interleukin-12sc + (IL-12sc), interleukin-15sushi (IL-15sushi), interferon alpha (IFNa) and granulocyte-macrophage + colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon intratumoral administration of IL-12sc, IL-15sushi, IFNa and + GM-CSF mRNA-based immunotherapeutic agent SAR441000, mRNA is picked up by nearby + cells, translated and released into the local tumor microenvironment (TME). + Secretion of these cytokines activate the immune system by promoting the activation + of natural killer cells (NKs) and inducing cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses, + which may result in an immune-mediated destruction of tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + IL-12sc, IL-15sushi, IFNa and GM-CSF mRNA-based Immunotherapeutic Agent SAR441000 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166375" + term_id: C166375 + term_version: 20.10d + +il2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in growth and lymphokine regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + IL2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24498" + term_id: C24498 + term_version: 20.10d + +il21r: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cytokine recognition. + termDef: + term: >- + IL21R Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C68736" + term_id: C68736 + term_version: 20.10d + +il6st: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and is putatively involved in + embryonic development. + termDef: + term: >- + IL6ST Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24505" + term_id: C24505 + term_version: 20.10d + +il7r: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of lymphopoiesis. + termDef: + term: >- + IL7R Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24506" + term_id: C24506 + term_version: 20.10d + +ilginatinib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase + 2 (JAK2) and Src-family kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Ilginatinib + competes with ATP for binding to JAK2 as well as the mutated form JAK2V617F, + thereby inhibiting the activation of JAK2 and downstream molecules in the JAK2/STAT3 + (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) signaling pathway that + plays an important role in normal development, particularly hematopoiesis. In + addition, ilginatinib inhibits the Src family tyrosine kinases. This eventually + leads to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. JAK2 is the most common mutated + gene in bcr-abl-negative myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs); JAK2V617F is a + constitutively activated kinase that activates the JAK/STAT signaling pathway + and dysregulates cell growth and function, and its expression transforms hematopoietic + cells to cytokine-independent growth. + termDef: + term: >- + Ilginatinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98109" + term_id: C98109 + term_version: 20.10d + +iliaccommon: + common: + description: >- + A lymph node located adjacent to the common iliac artery. (NCI) + termDef: + term: >- + Common Iliac Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C103384" + term_id: C103384 + term_version: 20.10d + +iliacexternal: + common: + description: >- + A lymph node located along the external iliac artery. + termDef: + term: >- + External Iliac Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C88143" + term_id: C88143 + term_version: 20.10d + +iliac_nos: + common: + description: >- + One of the three lymph nodes of the pelvis: the superior gluteal, interior gluteal + or sacral. + termDef: + term: >- + Iliac Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C32761" + term_id: C32761 + term_version: 20.10d + +imaradenant: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), + with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + imaradenant selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. + This blocks tumor-released adenosine from interacting with A2AR and prevents + the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the + proliferation and activation of T-lymphocytes, and stimulates a T-cell-mediated + immune response against tumor cells. A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is + highly expressed on the cell surfaces of T-cells and, upon activation by adenosine, + inhibits T-cell proliferation and activation. Adenosine is often overproduced + by cancer cells and plays a key role in immunosuppression. + termDef: + term: >- + Imaradenant + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148039" + term_id: C148039 + term_version: 20.10d + +imgatuzumab: + common: + description: >- + A glycoengineered monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth + factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Imgatuzumab binds + to the extracellular domain of EGFR, preventing the activation and subsequent + dimerization of the receptor; the decrease in receptor activation and dimerization + may result in an inhibition of downstream ERK and JNK signaling pathways and + so inhibition of EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. EGFR, + a member of the epidermal growth factor family of extracellular protein ligands, + may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Imgatuzumab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C78838" + term_id: C78838 + term_version: 20.10d + +imifoplatin: + common: + description: >- + A platinum (Pt)-based agent belonging to the phosphaplatin family comprised + of Pt complexed to a pyrophosphate ligand, with potential antineoplastic activity. + Although the exact mechanisms through which imifoplatin exerts its effect have + yet to be fully elucidated, this agent, upon intravenous administration, binds + to certain transmembrane proteins and activates several genes involved in tumor + suppression and apoptosis. This leads to the activation of various signal transduction + pathways, induces S/G2 phase cell cycle, and causes tumor cell apoptosis. In + addition, imifoplatin may inhibit angiogenesis. Unlike conventional Pt-based + chemotherapeutics, imifoplatin does not bind to DNA and is able to overcome + drug resistance, which occurs with conventional Pt-based chemotherapeutics; + it also has a more favorable side effect profile and is more stable in plasma. + termDef: + term: >- + Imifoplatin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C121375" + term_id: C121375 + term_version: 20.10d + +immunofluorescence: + common: + description: >- + A microscopy staining method that utilizes immunofluorescent markers for use + with histological applications of preserved cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Immunofluorescent Staining Method + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C142337" + term_id: C142337 + term_version: 20.10d + +immunoglobulin_a: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of immunoglobulin A present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Immunoglobulin A Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C81969" + term_id: C81969 + term_version: 20.10d + +immunoglobulin_g: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of immunoglobulin G present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Immunoglobulin G Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C81971" + term_id: C81971 + term_version: 20.10d + +immunoglobulin_m: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of immunoglobulin M present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Immunoglobulin M Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C81972" + term_id: C81972 + term_version: 20.10d + +inactivated_oncolytic_virus_particle_gen0101: + common: + description: >- + An inactivated, non-replicating particle of hemagglutinating virus of Japan + (HVJ), an oncolytic virus of the paramyxovirus family, with potential immunostimulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon intracutaneous administration, GEN0101 targets + and binds to the cytosolic nucleic acid receptor retinoic acid-inducible gene + I (RIG-I). This induces RIG-I-mediated signaling and a potent innate immune + response against tumor cells, leading to the activation of natural killer (NK) + cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL), and apoptosis in tumor cells. GEN0101 + also activates dendritic cells (DCs) to produce cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), + suppressing the function of regulatory T cells (Treg), a negative regulator + of immune responses. The suppression of Treg activity helps maintain the induced + immune responses. + termDef: + term: >- + Inactivated Oncolytic Virus Particle GEN0101 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170893" + term_id: C170893 + term_version: 20.10d + +indatuximab_ravtansine: + common: + description: >- + An immunoconjugate consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against a highly-expressed + myeloma cell surface antigen covalently attached to the maytansinoid DM4, a + derivative of the cytotoxic agent maytansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Indatuximab ravtansine binds to an unspecified cell surface antigen + highly expressed on myeloma cells; upon internalization the DM4 moiety is released, + binding to tubulin and disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, + which may result in the inhibition of cell division and cell growth of myeloma + tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Indatuximab Ravtansine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C78840" + term_id: C78840 + term_version: 20.10d + +indefinite: + common: + description: >- + An indication that there is an ambiguous morphological pattern in a tissue sample + such that the presence or absence of dysplasia cannot be determined. + termDef: + term: >- + Indefinite Dysplasia + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C164039" + term_id: C164039 + term_version: 20.10d + +indeterminant: + common: + description: >- + Cannot distinguish between two or more possible values in the current context. + termDef: + term: >- + Indeterminate + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C48658" + term_id: C48658 + term_version: 20.10d + +individualized_mvabased_vaccine_tg4050: + common: + description: >- + An off-the-shelf (OTS) individualized vaccine comprised of a modified Vaccinia + virus Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs), + with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Following administration + of the individualized MVA-based vaccine TG4050, the neoantigens are expressed + and presented to the immune system, which induces the activation of a specific + cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing + the patient-specific neoantigens. + termDef: + term: >- + Individualized MVA-based Vaccine TG4050 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171392" + term_id: C171392 + term_version: 20.10d + +indusatumab_vedotin: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a monoclonal antibody directed against + guanylyl cyclase C (GCC or GUCY2C) conjugated to monomethylauristatin E (MMAE), + an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential + antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of indusatumab vedotin + selectively binds to GCC, a transmembrane receptor normally found on intestinal + cells and dopamine neurons in the brain, but is also overexpressed on the surface + of gastrointestinal cancers. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, + MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase + arrest and tumor cell apoptosis in GCC-expressing tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Indusatumab Vedotin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101524" + term_id: C101524 + term_version: 20.10d + +inebilizumab: + common: + description: >- + A humanized immunoglobulin IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the + B-cell-specific membrane protein CD-19 with potential immunostimulating and + antineoplastic activities. Inebilizumab binds to CD19, which may result in a + cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity + (ADCC) to CD19-expressing B-cells. The Fc portion of inebilizumab does not contain + a fucose sugar moiety, which may contribute to its enhanced ADCC activity. CD19 + is a membrane antigen that is widely expressed during B-cell development, from + pro-B-cell to early plasma cell stages. + termDef: + term: >- + Inebilizumab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C88283" + term_id: C88283 + term_version: 20.10d + +inframe_deletion: + common: + description: >- + A loss of three consecutive nucleotides (one codon) or multiple codons in a + gene that encodes for a protein where one or more canonical amino acids are + deleted but does not result in a frameshift mutation. + termDef: + term: >- + Inframe Deletion + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165225" + term_id: C165225 + term_version: 20.10d + +inframe_insertion: + common: + description: >- + A gain of three consecutive nucleotides (one codon) or multiple codons in a + gene that encodes for a protein where one or more non-wildtype amino acids are + inserted but does not result in a frameshift mutation. + termDef: + term: >- + Inframe Insertion + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165226" + term_id: C165226 + term_version: 20.10d + +inguinal: + common: + description: >- + A superficial or deep lymph node located in the inguinal area. + termDef: + term: >- + Inguinal Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C32801" + term_id: C32801 + term_version: 20.10d + +inkt_cell_agonist_abx196: + common: + description: >- + A synthetic glycolipid agonist for natural killer T-cells (NKTs) expressing + an invariant (alpha, beta) T-cell receptor (iNKTs), with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion of the iNKT cell agonist ABX196, + this agent targets and binds to iNKTs, thereby activating iNKTs. In turn, iNKTs + recognize CD1d-restricted lipid ligands, which are expressed on certain tumor + cells, and secrete large amounts of various cytokines. This may activate the + immune system against tumor cells. Additionally, iNKTs directly target and lyse + tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + iNKT Cell Agonist ABX196 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172187" + term_id: C172187 + term_version: 20.10d + +insertion: + common: + description: >- + Any rearrangement to the genomic content that adds one or more extra nucleotides + into the DNA. Insertions may be reversible, particulary if caused by transposable + elements. They may alter the reading frame of a gene, or may cause large scale + additions of genomic DNA. + termDef: + term: >- + Insertion Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C19295" + term_id: C19295 + term_version: 20.10d + +intergenic_variant: + common: + description: >- + A change in the nucleotide sequence of a region between gene loci. + termDef: + term: >- + Intergenic Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148642" + term_id: C148642 + term_version: 20.10d + +interleukin12fc_fusion_protein_df6002: + common: + description: >- + A fusion protein composed of human interleukin-12 (IL-12) fused to a Fc fragment, + with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration + of IL-12-Fc fusion protein DF6002, the IL-12 moiety binds to the IL-12 receptor. + This may activate the immune system by promoting the secretion of interferon-gamma, + activating natural killer cells (NKs), and inducing cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) + responses, which may result in both decreased tumor cell proliferation and enhanced + immune-mediated destruction of tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Interleukin-12-Fc Fusion Protein DF6002 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173371" + term_id: C173371 + term_version: 20.10d + +interleukin15_agonist_fusion_protein_shr1501: + common: + description: >- + A human Fc fusion protein composed of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 cross-linked + with the high-affinity binding sushi domain of IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SHR-1501 activates + and increases the levels of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-cells + without stimulating regulatory T-cells (Tregs). The memory T-cells enhance the + secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates + the immune response against tumor cells. This may increase tumor cell killing + and decrease tumor cell proliferation. IL-15 regulates CD8+ T and NK cell development, + activation and proliferation. SHR1501 is more potent than unmodified IL-15 and + does not require endogenous IL-15Ra for its action. The Fc moiety allows for + an extended half-life of SHR-1501 while cross linking IL-15 with IL-15Ra sushi + domain improves stability. + termDef: + term: >- + Interleukin-15 Agonist Fusion Protein SHR1501 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171385" + term_id: C171385 + term_version: 20.10d + +interleukin15_fusion_protein_bj001: + common: + description: >- + A human fusion protein composed of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 linked with + an integrins-targeting moiety, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + subcutaneous administration, the integrins-targeting moiety of BJ-001 targets + tumor cells that overexpress integrins such as alpha v beta 3 (avb3), alpha + v beta 5 (avb5) and alpha v beta 6 (avb6) and the IL-15 moiety binds to the + IL-2/IL-15 receptor beta-common gamma chain (IL-2Rbetagamma) receptor on natural + killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-lymphocytes. This activates and increases the levels + of NK cells and memory CD8+ T-cells. The memory T-cells enhance the secretion + of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates the immune + response against tumor cells. This may increase tumor cell killing and decrease + tumor cell proliferation. IL-15 regulates CD8+ T- and NK cell development, activation + and proliferation. Integrins are involved in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and + metastasis and they are overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types. The + linkage of the two moieties may limit the effects of IL-15 to the local tumor + microenvironment (TME), increasing efficacy while reducing systemic toxicities. + termDef: + term: >- + Interleukin-15 Fusion Protein BJ-001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172075" + term_id: C172075 + term_version: 20.10d + +interleukin15interleukin15_receptor_alpha_complexfc_fusion_protein_xmab24306: + common: + description: >- + An interleukin (IL)-15/IL-15-receptor alpha (IL-15Ra) complex fused to a bispecific + Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, XmAb24306 + stimulates the proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-cells. + The memory T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), + which further potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. This may + increase tumor cell killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. IL-15 regulates + CD8+ T and NK cell development, activation and proliferation. XmAb24306 does + not require endogenous IL-15Ra for its activation. + termDef: + term: >- + Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Complex-Fc Fusion Protein XmAb24306 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170890" + term_id: C170890 + term_version: 20.10d + +interleukin15interleukin15_receptor_alpha_sushi_domain_fusion_protein_soc101: + common: + description: >- + A human fusion protein consisting of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 and the + high-affinity binding sushi+ domain of IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra), with + potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, SO-C101 activates + and increases the levels of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-cells. + The memory T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), + which further potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. This may + increase tumor cell killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. IL-15 regulates + CD8+ T and NK cell development, activation and proliferation. SO-C101 is more + potent than unmodified IL-15 and does not require endogenous IL-15Ra for its + action. + termDef: + term: >- + Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Sushi+ Domain Fusion Protein + SO-C101 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170516" + term_id: C170516 + term_version: 20.10d + +intron_variant: + common: + description: >- + Any mutation within an intron, including the sequences that comprise the intron + boundary. + termDef: + term: >- + Intronic Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C63429" + term_id: C63429 + term_version: 20.10d + +inversion: + common: + description: >- + A structural change in genomic DNA where the 5' to 3' order of a nucleotide + sequence is completely reversed to the 3' to 5' order relative to its adjacent + sequences. This inversion is termed either pericentric, if it includes the centromere + of a chromosome, or pancentric, if it excludes the centromere. An inversion + mutation abnormality may be heritable or occur somatically. + termDef: + term: >- + Inversion Mutation Abnormality + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C45589" + term_id: C45589 + term_version: 20.10d + +involved: + common: + description: >- + Specifies whether the margins of surgical resection are infiltrated by disease. + termDef: + term: >- + Involved Surgical Margin Indicator + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C93581" + term_id: C93581 + term_version: 20.10d + +iodine_i_131_apamistamab: + common: + description: >- + A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of BC8, a murine IgG1 anti-CD45 monoclonal + antibody labeled with iodine 131 (I-131), with radioimmunotherapeutic properties. + Using monoclonal antibody BC8 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted + destruction of cells expressing CD45. CD45 is tyrosine phosphatase expressed + on virtually all leukocytes, including myeloid and lymphoid precursors in bone + marrow and mature lymphocytes in lymph nodes; it is also expressed on most myeloid + and lymphoid leukemic cells, but not on mature erythrocytes or platelets. (NCI04) + termDef: + term: >- + Iodine I 131 Apamistamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C2527" + term_id: C2527 + term_version: 20.10d + +iodine_i_131_ipa: + common: + description: >- + A radioconjugate consisting of the tumor-specific amino acid derivative 4-iodo-L-phenylalanine + labeled with iodine I 131, a beta emitting radionuclide, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, iodine I 131 IPA actively crosses the blood-brain + barrier and accumulates specifically in gliomas, via the amino acid transport + system l-amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) over-expressed in malignant glioma + cells. where it delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. Cells that are + exposed to radiation may also release potent toxins into the intracellular environment, + leading to radiation-induced biological bystander effects (RIBBE) and killing + cells not directly exposed to the radiation. Iodine I 131 IPA may also act synergistically + with external irradiation due to its radiosensitizing property. + termDef: + term: >- + Iodine I 131 IPA + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171348" + term_id: C171348 + term_version: 20.10d + +ipscderived_cd16il15rfexpressing_anticd19_carnk_cells_ft596: + common: + description: >- + An allogeneic, off-the-shelf, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-natural killer + (NK) cell product derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell + (iPSC) line, and engineered to express a NK cell-specific anti-CD19 CAR, a high-affinity, + non-cleavable CD16 (hnCD16) Fc receptor, and a recombinant fusion of IL-15 and + IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15RF), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, iPSC-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing Anti-CD19 + CAR-NK Cells FT596 recognize, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in CD19-expressing + tumor cells. IL-15RF enhances the cytotoxic effect of the NK cells and the activated + anti-tumor T-cells. When used in combination with monoclonal antibodies, the + hnCD16 Fc receptor of FT596 binds to the Fc portion of tumor cell-bound monoclonal + antibodies, leading to NK cell activation, cytokine secretion and enhanced antibody-dependent + cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface + antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. CD16, also known as Fc-gamma + receptor III, is normally expressed on the surface of NK cells, neutrophils, + monocytes and macrophages, and plays a key role in initiating ADCC. It is often + downregulated in certain cancers, thereby inhibiting the anti-tumor immune response. + termDef: + term: >- + iPSC-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing Anti-CD19 CAR-NK Cells FT596 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170800" + term_id: C170800 + term_version: 20.10d + +irf4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of B-cell differentiation and proliferation. + It also plays a role in mediating the proliferation of mitogen-stimulated T + cells. + termDef: + term: >- + IRF4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18430" + term_id: C18430 + term_version: 20.10d + +irinotecan_sucrosofate: + common: + description: >- + A liposomal formulation of the semisynthetic camptothecin analogue irinotecan + with potential antineoplastic activity. During the S phase of the cell cycle, + irinotecan selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, inhibiting + religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing + lethal double-strand DNA breaks when complexes are encountered by the DNA replication + machinery. Liposome encapsulation of this agent promotes efficient drug delivery + into the cytosol from the endosome compartment of the cell. + termDef: + term: >- + Irinotecan Sucrosofate + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C82676" + term_id: C82676 + term_version: 20.10d + +iroplact: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant form of the endogenous chemokine platelet factor 4 with potential + antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. As a heparin-binding tetramer, + iroplact inhibits growth factor-stimulated endothelial cell proliferation, migration, + and angiogenesis; it has been shown that this agent inhibits fibroblast growth + factor 2 (FGF2) angiogenic activity downstream from the FGF2 receptor. Its activity + is antagonized by heparin. Recombinant platelet factor 4 may also directly inhibit + the proliferation of some tumor cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Iroplact + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C2251" + term_id: C2251 + term_version: 20.10d + +irradiated_allogeneic_human_lung_cancer_cells_expressing_ox40lig_vaccine_hs130: + common: + description: >- + An allogeneic irradiated human lung cancer cell vaccine expressing a fusion + protein composed of the OX40 ligand (OX40L) linked to an immunoglobulin (Ig) + (OX40L-Ig), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon + intradermal administration of irradiated allogeneic human lung cancer cells + expressing OX40L-Ig vaccine HS-130, the irradiated lung cancer cells continuously + express OX40L-Ig. OX40L may then target, bind to and activate its cognate receptor, + tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4; OX40; CD134), + which is expressed on activated T-cells. OX40L/OX40 binding promotes increased + cytokine production, and induces the proliferation and activation of memory + and effector T-lymphocytes against the human lung cancer cells. In turn, this + promotes a CTL-mediated immune response against the endogenous lung cancer cells. + OX40L, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) + ligand family, provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival + of activated T-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Irradiated Allogeneic Human Lung Cancer Cells Expressing OX40L-Ig Vaccine + HS-130 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165639" + term_id: C165639 + term_version: 20.10d + +irs4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and ligand binding. + termDef: + term: >- + IRS4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24524" + term_id: C24524 + term_version: 20.10d + +ish: + common: + description: >- + Use of a DNA or RNA probe to detect the presence of complementary sequences + in chromosomes, cells, or tissues. + termDef: + term: >- + In Situ Hybridization + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17562" + term_id: C17562 + term_version: 20.10d + +istiratumab: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth + factor receptor ErbB3 (Her3) and the human insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor + (IGF-1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-IGF-1R targeting + arm of Istiratumab binds to IGF-1R on tumor cells thereby preventing the binding + of the natural ligands IGF-1, 2 and heregulin (HRG) to IGF-1R; the anti-ErbB3 + therapeutic arm prevents the binding of neuregulin (NRG) to ErbB3. This prevents + the activation of the PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway and may result in + both the induction of apoptosis and a decrease in cellular proliferation in + IGF-1R and ErbB3-overexpressing tumor cells. IGF-1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase + of the insulin receptor superfamily, and ErB3, a member of the epidermal growth + factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, are frequently overexpressed + in solid tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + Istiratumab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C103863" + term_id: C103863 + term_version: 20.10d + +isx: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in gene expression regulation in the intestine. + termDef: + term: >- + ISX Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C116411" + term_id: C116411 + term_version: 20.10d + +itgav: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cell communication and angiogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + ITGAV Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C53661" + term_id: C53661 + term_version: 20.10d + +itk: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the differentiation and proliferation of T cells. + termDef: + term: >- + ITK Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24526" + term_id: C24526 + term_version: 20.10d + +ivaltinostat: + common: + description: >- + A histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. + Ivaltinosta tinhibits the catalytic activity of HDAC, resulting in an accumulation + of highly acetylated chromatin histones, followed by the induction of chromatin + remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. In particular, this agent + enhances the histone acetylation of the tumor suppressor gene p53. This results + in an accumulation of p53, p53-dependent transactivation and apoptosis in tumor + cells. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin + histone proteins. + termDef: + term: >- + Ivaltinostat + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C94225" + term_id: C94225 + term_version: 20.10d + +ivuxolimab: + common: + description: >- + An agonistic antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; + TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, ivuxolimab + selectively binds to and activates OX40; which induces proliferation of memory + and effector T-lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), + this may promote a T-cell-mediated immune response against TAA-expressing tumor + cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor + receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes and plays an essential + role in T-cell activation. + termDef: + term: >- + Ivuxolimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C121927" + term_id: C121927 + term_version: 20.10d + +jak_inhibitor: + common: + description: >- + Any agent that targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of one or more of + the Janus kinase family of enzymes. + termDef: + term: >- + JAK Inhibitor + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172200" + term_id: C172200 + term_version: 20.10d + +jak1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + JAK1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24528" + term_id: C24528 + term_version: 20.10d + +jak2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in erythropoiesis and signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + JAK2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24529" + term_id: C24529 + term_version: 20.10d + +jak3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + JAK3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24530" + term_id: C24530 + term_version: 20.10d + +jazf1: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + JAZF1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C73542" + term_id: C73542 + term_version: 20.10d + +jun: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a critical role in transcriptional regulation and cellular growth. + termDef: + term: >- + JUN Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C19531" + term_id: C19531 + term_version: 20.10d + +kanitinib: + common: + description: >- + A tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth + factor receptor; HGFR; MET) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor + 2 (VEGFR2), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon + oral administration, kanitinib targets and binds to c-Met and VEGFR2, thereby + disrupting c-Met- and VEGFR2-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may + induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met and/or VEGFR2 protein. + c-Met and VEGFR2 are both overexpressed in many tumor cell types and play key + roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor + angiogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + Kanitinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168608" + term_id: C168608 + term_version: 20.10d + +karyotype: + common: + description: >- + The preparation, analysis, and interpretation of a karyotype, the representation + of the chromosome set of a cell. + termDef: + term: >- + Karyotyping + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C16768" + term_id: C16768 + term_version: 20.10d + +kat6a: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both histone acetylation and transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + KAT6A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C71429" + term_id: C71429 + term_version: 20.10d + +kat6b: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both transcription and histone acetylation. + termDef: + term: >- + KAT6B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C71431" + term_id: C71431 + term_version: 20.10d + +kat7: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in epigenetic control of gene expression. + termDef: + term: >- + KAT7 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C73660" + term_id: C73660 + term_version: 20.10d + +kcnj5: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in ion transport. + termDef: + term: >- + KCNJ5 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95838" + term_id: C95838 + term_version: 20.10d + +kdm5a: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional modulation. + termDef: + term: >- + KDM5A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97595" + term_id: C97595 + term_version: 20.10d + +kdm5c: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in histone modification. + termDef: + term: >- + KDM5C Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97598" + term_id: C97598 + term_version: 20.10d + +kdm6a: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the modulation of histone methylation. + termDef: + term: >- + KDM6A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96334" + term_id: C96334 + term_version: 20.10d + +kdr: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in angiogenesis and vascular regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + KDR Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24532" + term_id: C24532 + term_version: 20.10d + +kdsr: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in glycosphingolipid metabolism. + termDef: + term: >- + KDSR Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24410" + term_id: C24410 + term_version: 20.10d + +keap1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. + termDef: + term: >- + KEAP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C112105" + term_id: C112105 + term_version: 20.10d + +keratinizing: + common: + description: >- + Epithelial dysplasia in which the dysplastic changes, although limited to the + lower basal zone, are so severe that there is a high probability of progression + to invasive carcinoma. + termDef: + term: >- + Keratinizing Dysplasia + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C161017" + term_id: C161017 + term_version: 20.10d + +kiaa1549: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in brain functions. + termDef: + term: >- + KIAA1549 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98017" + term_id: C98017 + term_version: 20.10d + +kidney_lower_pole: + common: + description: >- + The pole of the kidney located in the lowest region of the kidney. + termDef: + term: >- + Lower Pole of Kidney + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C93180" + term_id: C93180 + term_version: 20.10d + +kidney_upper_pole: + common: + description: >- + The pole of the kidney located in the uppermost region of the kidney. + termDef: + term: >- + Upper Pole of Kidney + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C93179" + term_id: C93179 + term_version: 20.10d + +kif5b: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the transport of vesicles along microtubules. + termDef: + term: >- + KIF5B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101425" + term_id: C101425 + term_version: 20.10d + +kit: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cellular hematopoiesis and differentiations. Mutations + in the gene are associated with several diseases, including acute myelogenous + leukemia, gastrointestinal tumors, and mast cell disease. + termDef: + term: >- + KIT Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18609" + term_id: C18609 + term_version: 20.10d + +klf4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in gene transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + KLF4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C73449" + term_id: C73449 + term_version: 20.10d + +klf6: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional activation. + termDef: + term: >- + KLF6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97448" + term_id: C97448 + term_version: 20.10d + +klk2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in proteolysis. + termDef: + term: >- + KLK2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26584" + term_id: C26584 + term_version: 20.10d + +kmt2a: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and alterations in the gene + are associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. + termDef: + term: >- + KMT2A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18585" + term_id: C18585 + term_version: 20.10d + +kmt2c: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both methylation and transcriptional regulation + termDef: + term: >- + KMT2C Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C93091" + term_id: C93091 + term_version: 20.10d + +kmt2d: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in co-activation of gene expression. + termDef: + term: >- + KMT2D Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24600" + term_id: C24600 + term_version: 20.10d + +knl1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both signaling and chromosome alignment in mitosis. + termDef: + term: >- + KNL1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97378" + term_id: C97378 + term_version: 20.10d + +knstrn: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both mitotic spindle formation and chromosome segregation. + termDef: + term: >- + KNSTRN Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C119652" + term_id: C119652 + term_version: 20.10d + +kras: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in signal transduction and apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + KRAS Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C25785" + term_id: C25785 + term_version: 20.10d + +kras_g12c_inhibitor_gdc6036: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C + inhibitor GDC-6036 selectively targets the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS + G12C mutant-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, + serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations + of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell growth, + proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + KRAS G12C Inhibitor GDC-6036 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173995" + term_id: C173995 + term_version: 20.10d + +kras_g12c_inhibitor_ly3499446: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LY3499446 + targets and covalently binds to cytosine 12 within the switch II pocket of GDP-bound + KRAS G12C, thereby inhibiting mutant KRAS-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member + of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, + division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal + transduction leading to tumor cell growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + KRAS G12C Inhibitor LY3499446 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166410" + term_id: C166410 + term_version: 20.10d + +krasg12c_inhibitor_jnj74699157: + common: + description: >- + An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the oncogenic Kirsten rat sarcoma + virus homolog KRAS glycine-to-cysteine substitution mutation, G12C, with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration JNJ-74699157 targets and binds + to cytosine 12 within the switch II pocket of GDP-bound KRAS G12C, thereby inhibiting + mutant KRAS-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, + serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations + of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell growth, + proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + KRASG12C Inhibitor JNJ-74699157 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167157" + term_id: C167157 + term_version: 20.10d + +krt20: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the formation of intestinal epithelia. + termDef: + term: >- + KRT20 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96457" + term_id: C96457 + term_version: 20.10d + +krt7: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in DNA replication. + termDef: + term: >- + KRT7 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96444" + term_id: C96444 + term_version: 20.10d + +ktn1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in kinesin function. + termDef: + term: >- + KTN1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97601" + term_id: C97601 + term_version: 20.10d + +lactate_dehydrogenase: + common: + description: >- + A quantitative measurement of the amount of lactate dehydrogenase present in + a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Lactate Dehydrogenase Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C64855" + term_id: C64855 + term_version: 20.10d + +ladiratuzumab_vedotin: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody + directed against the anti-solute carrier family 39 zinc transporter member 6 + (SLC39A6; LIV-1; ZIP6) protein that is conjugated, via a protease-cleavable + linker, to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration and internalization by LIV-1-positive + tumor cells, ladiratuzumab vedotin undergoes enzymatic cleavage to release MMAE + into the cytosol. In turn, MMAE binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, + which may result in G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in LIV-1-expressing + tumor cells. LIV-1, a member of the zinc transporter family, is expressed in + several types of solid tumors and plays a key role in tumor cell progression + and metastasis. The linkage system in ladiratuzumab vedotin is highly stable + in plasma, resulting in cytotoxic specificity against LIV-1-positive cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Ladiratuzumab Vedotin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C112001" + term_id: C112001 + term_version: 20.10d + +lair2_fusion_protein_nc410: + common: + description: >- + A fusion protein of leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptor (LAIR)-2, + a high-affinity collagen receptor, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, LAIR-2 fusion protein NC410 binds to the ligand + collagen of LAIR-1 (CD305), thereby blocking the binding of LAIR-1 to its ligand + collagen and inhibiting LAIR-1-mediated immune suppression. This may result + in enhanced T-cell and dendritic cell (DC) activities, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL) and anti-tumor immune responses. LAIR-1, a collagen-receptor and an inhibitory + immune receptor belonging to the Ig superfamily, is expressed on many peripheral + blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) including T-cells and DCs. + termDef: + term: >- + LAIR-2 Fusion Protein NC410 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173559" + term_id: C173559 + term_version: 20.10d + +landogrozumab: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody against myostatin (MSTN) with potential anti-cachexia + activity. Upon administration, landogrozumab binds to and neutralizes the MSTN + protein, thereby blocking the MSTN signalling pathway. This may help decrease + muscle protein breakdown and muscle weakness and may attenuate cancer cachexia. + MSTN, a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, + is a negative regulator of muscle growth and development. + termDef: + term: >- + Landogrozumab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C99640" + term_id: C99640 + term_version: 20.10d + +laprituximab_emtansine: + common: + description: >- + A targeted antibody payload (TAP)-based immunoconjugate consisting of a human + monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) + conjugated, via a nonreducible thioether linker (succinimidyl trans-4-(maleimidylmethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate + or SMCC), to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid mertansine (DM1), with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody + moiety of laprituximab emtansine binds to and inhibits EGFR on tumor cell surfaces. + Inhibition of EGFR prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and may inhibit tumor cell + proliferation. After internalization, the mertansine moiety binds to tubulin + and interferes with microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. This inhibits + both cell division and the proliferation of cancer cells that express EGFR. + EGFR, overexpressed by a variety of cancers, plays a key role in tumor cell + proliferation and survival. Linkage of the antibody and drug, through a nonreducible + linker, appears to contribute to the improved efficacy and reduced toxicity + of this antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) compared to similar ADCs constructed with + reducible linkers. + termDef: + term: >- + Laprituximab Emtansine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C111906" + term_id: C111906 + term_version: 20.10d + +larotinib_mesylate: + common: + description: >- + The mesylate salt form of larotinib, a reversible pan-ErbB inhibitor with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, larotinib binds to and inhibits + ErbB tyrosine receptor kinases, which may result in the inhibition of cellular + proliferation and angiogenesis in tumors expressing ErbB. The ErbB protein family, + also called the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, plays major + roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. + termDef: + term: >- + Larotinib Mesylate + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172062" + term_id: C172062 + term_version: 20.10d + +larp4b: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in RNA metabolism and translation. + termDef: + term: >- + LARP4B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143064" + term_id: C143064 + term_version: 20.10d + +lasp1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in actin-dependent ion transport. + termDef: + term: >- + LASP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97604" + term_id: C97604 + term_version: 20.10d + +lck: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in signal transduction and the development/function of + T cells. + termDef: + term: >- + LCK Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18541" + term_id: C18541 + term_version: 20.10d + +lcp1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cytoskeletal remodeling. + termDef: + term: >- + LCP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21294" + term_id: C21294 + term_version: 20.10d + +lef1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both signal transduction and transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + LEF1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C80032" + term_id: C80032 + term_version: 20.10d + +lerociclib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) + and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lerociclib + selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma + protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition + and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases + tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated + in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of both cell + cycle progression from the G1-phase into the S-phase and tumor cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + Lerociclib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C138165" + term_id: C138165 + term_version: 20.10d + +letetresgene_autoleucel: + common: + description: >- + Human autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding + a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) NY-ESO-1 + and L antigen family member 1 (LAGE-1; Cancer/Testis Antigen 2; CTAG2; CT2), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Following leukapheresis, isolation of + lymphocytes, expansion ex vivo, transduction, and reintroduction into the patient, + letetresgene autoleucel specifically target and bind to NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1-overexpressing + tumor cells. This may result in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination + of NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1-positive cancer cells. NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1, members of the + cancer-testis antigen (CTA) family, are overexpressed on the surface of various + tumor cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Letetresgene Autoleucel + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C121379" + term_id: C121379 + term_version: 20.10d + +letolizumab: + common: + description: >- + A dimeric fusion protein composed of the C-terminus of the domain antibody (dAb) + BMS2h-572-633 targeting the CD40 ligand (CD40L or CD154) linked to a modified + Fc fragment of immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), with potential immunomodulatory activity. + Upon intravenous administration, the peptide moiety of letolizumab specifically + targets and binds to CD40L expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents the binding + of CD40L to its cognate receptor CD40 expressed on B-lymphocytes, macrophages, + and dendritic cells (DCs). This prevents T-cell mediated proliferation and differentiation + of B-cells, and prevents the production of antibodies. By inhibiting both the + production of anti-glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa antibodies by B-cells and GPIIb/IIIa-dependent + T-cell proliferation, letolizumab may prevent platelet destruction and may increase + platelet counts in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The direct binding + of letolizumab to CD40L on platelets further prevents CD40L/CD40-mediated destruction + by macrophages and DCs in ITP. The modified Fc domain prevents the binding of + letolizumab to the Fc receptor FcgammaRIIA on platelets, thereby preventing + FcgammaRIIA-dependent platelet activation and anti-CD40L-induced thromboembolism. + CD40L, a transmembrane protein of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, + is primarily expressed on activated T-cells, but is also expressed on eosinophils, + basophils, natural killer (NK) cells, mast cells, platelets and activated endothelial + cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Letolizumab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C120140" + term_id: C120140 + term_version: 20.10d + +leukocytes: + common: + description: >- + A test to determine the number of leukocytes in a biospecimen. + termDef: + term: >- + Leukocyte Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C51948" + term_id: C51948 + term_version: 20.10d + +lhfp: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in cell adhesion or cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + LHFPL6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97607" + term_id: C97607 + term_version: 20.10d + +lifileucel: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), with potential + antineoplastic activity. TILs are isolated from a patient's tumor tissue, cultured + in vitro with high-dose interleukin-2 (lL-2), further selected based on antigen + specificity and tumor reactivity, and the selected TILs are subsequently expanded. + Upon re-introduction of lifileucel into the patient, the TILs re-infiltrate + the tumor, specifically recognize the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), and + initiate tumor cell lysis. IL-2 induces the proliferation and expansion of TILs + in vitro. + termDef: + term: >- + Lifileucel + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C120552" + term_id: C120552 + term_version: 20.10d + +lifirafenib: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) and epidermal + growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Lifirafenib + selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of BRAF and certain BRAF mutant + forms, and EGFR. This prevents BRAF- and EGFR-mediated signaling and inhibits + the proliferation of tumor cells that either contain a mutated BRAF gene or + express over-activated EGFR. In addition, BGB-283 inhibits mutant forms of the + Ras proteins K-RAS and N-RAS. BRAF and EGFR are mutated or upregulated in many + tumor cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Lifirafenib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C124995" + term_id: C124995 + term_version: 20.10d + +lifr: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a critical role in cell fate and proliferation in both embryonic + and adult cells. + termDef: + term: >- + LIFR Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24552" + term_id: C24552 + term_version: 20.10d + +likely_benign: + common: + description: >- + A genetic variant that is not expected to contribute to the development of a + disease, but the scientific evidence may be insufficient to prove this conclusively. + termDef: + term: >- + Variant Likely Benign + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168801" + term_id: C168801 + term_version: 20.10d + +likely_pathogenic: + common: + description: >- + A genetic variant that is known to have a high likelihood (greater than 90% + certainty) to contribute to the development of a disease. + termDef: + term: >- + Likely Pathogenic Variant + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168800" + term_id: C168800 + term_version: 20.10d + +lilotomab: + common: + description: >- + A murine immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the CD37 + antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lilotomab + both activates the immune system to induce an antibody-dependent cell-mediated + cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD37-overexpressing tumor cells and induces apoptosis + in these tumor cells. CD37 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed at high-levels + on B-cells and to a lesser extent on T-cells and myeloid cells, and is frequently + overexpressed in certain B-cell malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + Lilotomab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165685" + term_id: C165685 + term_version: 20.10d + +linperlisib: + common: + description: >- + An orally available selective inhibitor of the delta form of phosphatidylinositol + 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon oral administration linperlisib selectively binds to and inhibits + PI3K-delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This + decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K-delta over-expressing + tumor cells. PI3K-delta also plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling + pathway and the proliferation of certain hematologic cancer cells. The targeted + inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic + cells, thereby minimizing serious side effects. + termDef: + term: >- + Linperlisib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C158508" + term_id: C158508 + term_version: 20.10d + +lipid_nanoparticle_encapsulating_glutathione_stransferase_p_sirna_nbf006: + common: + description: >- + A biodegradable, lyophilized lipid nanoparticle (LNP) encapsulating small interfering + ribonucleic acid (siRNA) directed against glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of LNP encapsulating + GSTP siRNA NBF-006, the LNP formulation delivers the siRNA particles to the + tumor cells where the GSTP siRNA targets and binds to GSTP mRNA. This results + in the inhibition of the translation and expression of GSTP and may inhibit + proliferation of KRAS-overexpressing tumor cells. GSTP, an enzyme overexpressed + in many tumor cell types, is involved in modulating MAP kinase-related cell-signaling + pathways. + termDef: + term: >- + Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating Glutathione S-transferase P siRNA NBF-006 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170753" + term_id: C170753 + term_version: 20.10d + +liposomal_bcl2_antisense_oligonucleotide__bp1002: + common: + description: >- + A liposomal-based nanoparticle composed of an uncharged P-ethoxy antisense oligodeoxynucleotide + (ODN) targeting Bcl-2 mRNA and incorporated in liposomes, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration of liposomal Bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide BP1002, + this agent targets and hybridizes with Bcl-2 mRNA and inhibits the expression + of Bcl-2 protein. This may induce tumor cell apoptosis of Bcl2-overexpressing + tumor cells and may decrease tumor cell proliferation. Bcl2, a protein involved + in regulating programmed cell death, is overexpressed in a wide variety of tumors. + It promotes cellular survival and inhibits apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Liposomal Bcl-2 Antisense Oligonucleotide BP1002 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170743" + term_id: C170743 + term_version: 20.10d + +liposomeencapsulated_taas_mrna_vaccine_w_ova1: + common: + description: >- + A vaccine consisting of messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding three tumor-associated + antigens (TAAs) specific for ovarian cancer that are encapsulated in liposomes, + with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration + of the liposome-encapsulated TAAs mRNA vaccine W_ova1, the liposomes bind to + the plasma membrane of cells and release the mRNA into the cells. The mRNA is + then translated by ribosomes to produce the TAAs. The TAAs are presented to + the immune system which may activate both humoral and cellular immune responses + against the ovarian cancer cells expressing these TAAs. + termDef: + term: >- + Liposome-encapsulated TAAs mRNA Vaccine W_ova1 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174421" + term_id: C174421 + term_version: 20.10d + +lmna: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the architecture of nuclear membrane construction. + termDef: + term: >- + LMNA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C61148" + term_id: C61148 + term_version: 20.10d + +lmo1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + LMO1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C91263" + term_id: C91263 + term_version: 20.10d + +lmo2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a crucial role in hematopoietic development and is involved + in transcriptional activation. + termDef: + term: >- + LMO2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17973" + term_id: C17973 + term_version: 20.10d + +lmp2specific_t_cell_receptortransduced_autologous_tlymphocytes: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral + vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human leukocyte antigen + (HLA)-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane + proteins (LMP) 1 and 2, and EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, the autologous LMP1/LMP2/EBNA1-specific, HLA-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted + TCR-expressing T-lymphocytes YT-E001 recognize and bind to HLA-presented EBV + peptides, which may promote cell death and inhibit the growth of tumor cells + expressing LMP1, LMP2 or EBNA1. LMP1, LMP2, and EBNA1 are expressed in various, + EBV-associated malignancies, including nasopharyngeal cancer and EBV-positive + Hodgkin lymphoma. + termDef: + term: >- + LMP2-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172395" + term_id: C172395 + term_version: 20.10d + +lmp7_inhibitor_m3258: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, potent, selective, reversible inhibitor of the large + multifunctional peptidase 7 (LMP7, Beta5i, PSMB8), a chymotrypsin-like, proteolytic + subunit of the immunoproteasome, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + oral administration, LMP7 inhibitor M3258 targets and inhibits the proteolytic + activity of the LMP7 subunit of immunoproteasome, thereby blocking its deubiquitylating + activity. This blocks the ubiquitin proteasome degradation pathway, prevents + the degradation of defective proteins, and leads to an accumulation of poly-ubiquitylated + proteins. This induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) and results in both + the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell growth. + Proteasomes are large multi-subunit protease complexes that degrade unneeded + or damaged proteins that have been ubiquitinated, thereby restoring protein + homeostasis. Unlike the constitutive proteasome, which is expressed in most + tissues, immunoproteasome is specifically present in normal and malignant hematopoietic + cells, including multiple myeloma. Immunoproteasome degrades ubiquitinated proteins, + generates peptides for presentation on MHC class I, and plays a key role in + the adaptive immune response and inflammatory diseases. + termDef: + term: >- + LMP7 Inhibitor M3258 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C169060" + term_id: C169060 + term_version: 20.10d + +lodapolimab: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) + with immune checkpoint inhibitory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon + administration, lodapolimab binds to PD-L1 and prevents the interaction of PD-L1 + with its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). This inhibits the + activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways, which may enhance + the T-cell-mediated immune response to neoplasms and reverse T-cell inactivation. + PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 + on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, + a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator + of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8+ T-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Lodapolimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C128138" + term_id: C128138 + term_version: 20.10d + +loss: + common: + description: >- + A gradual decline in amount or activity. + termDef: + term: >- + Loss + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C25559" + term_id: C25559 + term_version: 20.10d + +loss_of_expression: + common: + description: >- + An indication that expression of a gene, RNA species or protein is not detected + in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Expression Negative + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165233" + term_id: C165233 + term_version: 20.10d + +lpp: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in cell shape and cell motility. + termDef: + term: >- + LPP Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97610" + term_id: C97610 + term_version: 20.10d + +lrig3: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + LRIG3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101446" + term_id: C101446 + term_version: 20.10d + +lrp1b: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in low density lipoprotein metabolism. + termDef: + term: >- + LRP1B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C111830" + term_id: C111830 + term_version: 20.10d + +lrp5_antagonist_bi_905681: + common: + description: >- + An antagonist of the lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) 5, with potential + antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, LRP5 antagonist + BI 905681 targets and binds to LRP5, thereby blocking the binding of Wnt ligands + to LRP5. This prevents the formation of the serpentine receptor Frizzled (FZD)-Wnt-LRP5 + trimeric complex and prevents the inactivation of the beta-catenin degradation + complex, which leads to beta-catenin degradation. This inhibits the Wnt/beta-catenin + signaling pathway, prevents the beta-catenin-mediated activation of Wnt target + genes, and inhibits the proliferation and survival of Wnt/beta-catenin-driven + tumor cells. In addition, inhibition of Wnt signaling by BI 905681 prevents + Wnt-mediated immune escape, thereby re-activating the immune system, specifically + inducing the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and activation as well as infiltration + of cytotoxic T-cells into the tumor tissue. The FZD-Wnt-LRP5 trimeric complex + induces phosphorylation of LRP5 intracellular domain leading to inactivation + of the beta-catenin degradation complex, allowing beta-catenin accumulation; + stabilized beta-catenin enters the nucleus and acts as a transcriptional activator + of Wnt target genes. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling plays a key role in tumor cell + proliferation and survival, and resistance to immunotherapy. + termDef: + term: >- + LRP5 Antagonist BI 905681 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171102" + term_id: C171102 + term_version: 20.10d + +lsd1_inhibitor_syha1807: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1; KDM1A), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LSD1 inhibitor + SYHA1807 targets, binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses + the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms + of lysine at position 4 of histone 3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, + respectively. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression + of tumor suppressor genes. This may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in + LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, LSD1 demethylates mono- or di-methylated + H3K9 which increases gene expression of tumor promoting genes; inhibition of + LSD1 promotes H3K9 methylation and decreases transcription of these genes. LSD1 + is overexpressed in a number of tumor cell types. LSD1 acts on histone H3 as + a transcription co-repressor through demethylation of lysine 4 (H3K4) or as + a transcription co-activator through demethylation of lysine 9 (H3K9). + termDef: + term: >- + LSD1 Inhibitor SYHA1807 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173722" + term_id: C173722 + term_version: 20.10d + +lsm14a: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the storage of mRNA. + termDef: + term: >- + LSM14A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122884" + term_id: C122884 + term_version: 20.10d + +lumretuzumab: + common: + description: >- + An immunoconjugate containing a glycoengineered, humanized monoclonal antibody + directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor HER3 (ErbB3), with + potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lumretuzumab binds + to the extracellular domain of HER3 and inhibits HER3 dimerization; thereby, + preventing EGFR-dependent signaling. In addition, RO5479599 stimulates the immune + system to exert antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This may decrease + proliferation of HER3-overexpressing tumor cells. HER3, a member of the epidermal + growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently + overexpressed in tumors; it has no active kinase domain but is activated through + heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family, such as HER2. + termDef: + term: >- + Lumretuzumab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C104058" + term_id: C104058 + term_version: 20.10d + +lupartumab_amadotin: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody against a structural + homolog of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and tumor-associated + antigen, C4.4a, and conjugated with a cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon intravenous administration, lupartumab amadotin targets and binds + to C4.4a-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding and cell entry, the cytotoxic + agent kills the tumor cell. C4.4a, a glycolipid-anchored membrane protein and + a member of the Ly-6 family, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types + whereas it is minimally expressed on healthy cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Lupartumab Amadotin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C116070" + term_id: C116070 + term_version: 20.10d + +luteinizing_hormone: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of luteinizing hormone present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Luteinizing Hormone Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C74790" + term_id: C74790 + term_version: 20.10d + +lutetium_lu_177dtpaomburtamab: + common: + description: >- + A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of omburtamab, a murine immunoglobulin G1 + (IgG1) antibody directed against the surface immunomodulatory glycoprotein human + B7-homolog 3 (B7-H3, CD276), conjugated, via the chelating agent diethylenetriaminepentaacetic + acid (DTPA), to the radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon intracerebroventricular administration of lutetium Lu 177-DTPA-omburtamab, + the omburtamab moiety binds to B7-H3 expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon + binding, lutetium Lu 177-DTPA-omburtamab delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation + to B7-H3-expressing cells. B7-H3, a type I transmembrane protein and a member + of the B7 co-stimulatory protein superfamily, is overexpressed on certain tumor + cell types and on various immune cells but is minimally expressed by normal + human tissues. B7-H3 is a negative regulator of T-cell activation; its overexpression + plays a key role in immuno-evasion, tumor cell invasion and metastasis, and + is correlated with poor prognosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Lutetium Lu 177-DTPA-omburtamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174423" + term_id: C174423 + term_version: 20.10d + +lyl1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation and is involved in the + pathogenesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. + termDef: + term: >- + LYL1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24564" + term_id: C24564 + term_version: 20.10d + +lymphoblasts: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of lymphoblasts (immature cells that differentiate + to form lymphocytes) present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Lymphoblast Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102278" + term_id: C102278 + term_version: 20.10d + +lymphocytes: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the number of lymphocytes in a blood sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Lymphocyte Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C51949" + term_id: C51949 + term_version: 20.10d + +lztr1: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in Golgi stabilization, embryogenesis or transcriptional + regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + LZTR1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C128257" + term_id: C128257 + term_version: 20.10d + +maackia_amurensis_seed_lectin: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of lectin extracted from the seeds of Maackia amurensis, with + potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Maackia amurensis seed + lectin (MASL) may target and bind to podoplanin (PDPN), thereby blocking the + activation of PDPN by endogenous ligands. This may inhibit tumor cell growth, + migration and metastasis that result from PDPN activation. PDPN, a transmembrane + receptor glycoprotein that is overexpressed in some cancer types, promotes tumor + cell migration, invasion, and metastasis upon activation by various endogenous + ligands. + termDef: + term: >- + Maackia amurensis Seed Lectin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174518" + term_id: C174518 + term_version: 20.10d + +macrocyclebridged_sting_agonist_e7766: + common: + description: >- + An agonist of macrocycle-bridged stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein, + with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous + administration, macrocycle-bridged STING agonist (MBSA) E7766 targets and binds + to STING and activates the STING pathway, which promotes IKK-related kinase + TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) signaling and activates nuclear factor-kappa B + (NF-kB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) in immune cells in the tumor + microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, + including interferons (IFNs). Specifically, expression of IFN-beta (IFNb) enhances + the cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by CD8alpha-positive + and CD103-positive dendritic cells (DCs) to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). + This results in a CTL-mediated immune response against tumor cells and causes + tumor cell lysis. Compared to conventional STING agonists, MBSA E7766 allows + for conformational rigidity of the unique macrocycle bridge which enhances its + stability and STING affinity, thereby increasing its efficacy. + termDef: + term: >- + Macrocycle-bridged STING Agonist E7766 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166141" + term_id: C166141 + term_version: 20.10d + +maf: + molecular_test: + gene_symbol: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation and cellular differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + MAF Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18417" + term_id: C18417 + term_version: 20.10d + second_gene_symbol: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation and cellular differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + MAF Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18417" + term_id: C18417 + term_version: 20.10d + +mafb: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both hematopoiesis and transcriptional modulation. + termDef: + term: >- + MAFB Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97671" + term_id: C97671 + term_version: 20.10d + +magea1specific_t_cell_receptortransduced_autologous_tcells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous CD4- and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes genetically + modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) that specifically targets the human + melanoma-associated antigen A1 (MAGE-A1), with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the + patient, the MAGE-A1-specific TCR-transduced autologous T-cells bind to tumor + cells expressing MAGE-A1, which may halt the growth of and kill MAGE-A1-expressing + cancer cells. MAGE-A1 is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed by a + variety of cancer cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + MAGE-A1-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174139" + term_id: C174139 + term_version: 20.10d + +magrolimab: + common: + description: >- + A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, + with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + magrolimab selectively binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the + interaction of CD47 with its ligand signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa), + a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling, + allows the activation of macrophages, through the induction of pro-phagocytic + signaling mediated by calreticulin, which is specifically expressed on the surface + of tumor cells, and results in specific tumor cell phagocytosis. In addition, + blocking CD47 signaling activates an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response + and T-mediated cell killing. CD47, a tumor associated antigen expressed on normal, + healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), is overexpressed on the surface of a + variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and interaction with SIRP-alpha, + leads to inhibition of macrophages and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis + thereby allowing cancer cells to proliferate. + termDef: + term: >- + Magrolimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C117730" + term_id: C117730 + term_version: 20.10d + +malat1: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in carcinogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + MALAT1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C92696" + term_id: C92696 + term_version: 20.10d + +malt1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and in the pathology of mucosa-associated + lymphoid tissue lymphomas. + termDef: + term: >- + MALT1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C60671" + term_id: C60671 + term_version: 20.10d + +maml2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation and signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + MAML2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95456" + term_id: C95456 + term_version: 20.10d + +maml3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both transcriptional activation and signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + MAML3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C117094" + term_id: C117094 + term_version: 20.10d + +manelimab: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed + cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential + immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + manelimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and + activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation + caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed + by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses + the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein + belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, + is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival + of CD8-positive T-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Manelimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C156741" + term_id: C156741 + term_version: 20.10d + +map2k1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and regulation of transcription. + It is also involved in cell differentiation, growth and proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + MAP2K1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21222" + term_id: C21222 + term_version: 20.10d + +map2k2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both protein phosphorylation and signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + MAP2K2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C106606" + term_id: C106606 + term_version: 20.10d + +map2k4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in MAPK signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + MAP2K4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97674" + term_id: C97674 + term_version: 20.10d + +map3k1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in mediating cellular responses to growth factors, metabolic + stimuli and mitogens. + termDef: + term: >- + MAP3K1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24572" + term_id: C24572 + term_version: 20.10d + +map3k13: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both protein phosphorylation and signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + MAP3K13 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102523" + term_id: C102523 + term_version: 20.10d + +mapk1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and positive regulation of the + cell cycle. + termDef: + term: >- + MAPK1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21227" + term_id: C21227 + term_version: 20.10d + +mature_mirna_variant: + common: + description: >- + A ribonucleotide variation in the sequence of a fully processed microRNA. + termDef: + term: >- + Mature miRNA Variant + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165227" + term_id: C165227 + term_version: 20.10d + +max: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and plays a role in the + mediation of DNA-protein interactions. + termDef: + term: >- + MAX Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18576" + term_id: C18576 + term_version: 20.10d + +mb21d2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in protein-protein interactions. + termDef: + term: >- + MB21D2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C132170" + term_id: C132170 + term_version: 20.10d + +mcl1_inhibitor_abbv467: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (myeloid + cell leukemia-1; Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, MCL-1 inhibitor ABBV-467 targets and binds + to Mcl-1, thereby preventing the binding of Mcl-1 to and inactivation of certain + pro-apoptotic proteins. This promotes apoptosis of cells overexpressing Mcl-1. + Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) + family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor cell survival. + termDef: + term: >- + MCL-1 Inhibitor ABBV-467 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174400" + term_id: C174400 + term_version: 20.10d + +mdm2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in several cellular processes related to cellular viability; + including the cell cycle and apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + MDM2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18345" + term_id: C18345 + term_version: 20.10d + +mdm2_inhibitor_amgmds3: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of MDM2 (murine double minute 2), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, MDM2 inhibitor AMGMDS3 binds to the MDM2 protein + and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor + suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the transcriptional + activity of p53 is restored. This leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell + apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, + is overexpressed in cancer cells; it plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation + and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + MDM2 Inhibitor AMGMDS3 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171616" + term_id: C171616 + term_version: 20.10d + +mdm4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both cell cycle arrest and the inhibition of apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + MDM4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C88218" + term_id: C88218 + term_version: 20.10d + +mds2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in myelodysplastic syndrome. + termDef: + term: >- + MDS2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97615" + term_id: C97615 + term_version: 20.10d + +mecom: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation, histone methylation and + leukemogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + MECOM Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18392" + term_id: C18392 + term_version: 20.10d + +med12: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + MED12 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98210" + term_id: C98210 + term_version: 20.10d + +mediastinal: + common: + description: >- + A lymph node located in the mediastinum. Mediastinal lymph nodes are arranged + in three groups, one on the lateral, another on the medial, and a third on the + anterior aspect of the vessels; the third group is, however, sometimes absent. + termDef: + term: >- + Mediastinal Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C33073" + term_id: C33073 + term_version: 20.10d + +mek_12_inhibitor_fcn159: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase + (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon administration, MEK 1/2 Inhibitor FCN-159 selectively binds to and inhibits + the activity of MEK1 and MEK2, preventing the activation of MEK1/2-dependent + effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition + of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK1/2 + are dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinases that play key roles in the activation + of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway that regulates cell growth. This pathway is often + dysregulated in a variety of tumor cell types through BRAF, KRAS and NRAS mutations. + termDef: + term: >- + MEK 1/2 Inhibitor FCN-159 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172382" + term_id: C172382 + term_version: 20.10d + +mek_inhibitor_hl085: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase + (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + administration, MEK inhibitor HL-085 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity + of MEK, preventing the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins and transcription + factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling + and tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a threonine/tyrosine kinase, plays a key + role in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway that regulates cell growth. + This pathway is often dysregulated in a variety of tumor cell types through + BRAF, KRAS and NRAS mutations. + termDef: + term: >- + MEK Inhibitor HL-085 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173437" + term_id: C173437 + term_version: 20.10d + +men1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and has tumor suppressor + activity. + termDef: + term: >- + MEN1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18254" + term_id: C18254 + term_version: 20.10d + +meninmll_interaction_inhibitor_sndx5613: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitor of the menin-mixed + lineage leukemia (MLL; myeloid/lymphoid leukemia; KMT2A) proteins, with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, menin-MLL interaction inhibitor + SNDX-5613 targets and binds to the nuclear protein menin, thereby preventing + the interaction between the two proteins menin and MLL and the formation of + the menin-MLL complex. This reduces the expression of downstream target genes + and results in an inhibition of the proliferation of MLL-rearranged leukemic + cells. The menin-MLL complex plays a key role in the survival, growth, transformation + and proliferation of certain kinds of leukemia cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Menin-MLL Interaction Inhibitor SNDX-5613 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165776" + term_id: C165776 + term_version: 20.10d + +mesenteric: + common: + description: >- + A lymph node located in the mesentery. + termDef: + term: >- + Mesenteric Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C77641" + term_id: C77641 + term_version: 20.10d + +mesothelin: + common: + description: >- + Mesothelin (630 aa, ~69 kDa) is encoded by the human MSLN gene. This protein + may play a role in cellular adhesion. + termDef: + term: >- + Mesothelin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20887" + term_id: C20887 + term_version: 20.10d + +met: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a regulatory role in the modulation of cell-surface receptors + and hepatocyte growth factor interactions. + termDef: + term: >- + MET Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18325" + term_id: C18325 + term_version: 20.10d + +met_x_met_bispecific_antibody_regn5093: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific monoclonal antibody that targets two different epitopes of the + human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) MET (c-MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor; + HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MET x MET + bispecific antibody REGN5093 targets and binds to two different, non-overlapping + epitopes on MET expressed on the tumor cell surface, thereby forming unique + REGN5093-MET complexes. The binding of REGN5093 to the MET epitopes and the + unique complex formation causes MET internalization and degradation. This prevents + MET-mediated signaling and inhibits growth of MET-driven tumor cells. MET, a + receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid + tumor cell types where it is involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition; + it plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, + and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + MET x MET Bispecific Antibody REGN5093 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167188" + term_id: C167188 + term_version: 20.10d + +metamyelocytes: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the number of metamyelocytes present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Metamyelocyte Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C74615" + term_id: C74615 + term_version: 20.10d + +metarrestin: + common: + description: >- + An orally available small molecule inhibitor of perinucleolar compartment (PNC), + with potential antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanisms(s) through + which this agent exerts its effects have yet to be fully elucidated, upon oral + administration, metarrestin disrupts the structure of PNC and inhibits RNA polymerase + (Pol) I transcription. This leads to the reduction in the prevalence of PNC + in cancer cells and decrease in tumor growth and spread. PNC is a subnuclear + structure and a phenotypic marker of metastatic cancer cells. A high PNC prevalence + has been associated with disease progression and poor patient outcomes. + termDef: + term: >- + Metarrestin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168544" + term_id: C168544 + term_version: 20.10d + +methylation: + common: + description: >- + The covalent chemical or biochemical addition of a methyl group(s) to a compound. + (NCI) + termDef: + term: >- + Methylation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C16848" + term_id: C16848 + term_version: 20.10d + +methylcantharidimide: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable derivative of the terpenoid cantharidin, which is a natural + toxin extracted from blister beetles, with potential antineoplastic activity. + Although the exact mechanism of action through which methylcantharidimide exerts + its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent, upon oral administration, + may exert a direct tumor cell killing effect in susceptible tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Methylcantharidimide + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173446" + term_id: C173446 + term_version: 20.10d + +mevociclib: + common: + description: >- + A selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, SY-1365 binds to and inhibits CDK7, thereby inhibiting + CDK7-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits cell growth of CDK7-overexpressing + tumor cells. CDK7, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a key role in cell proliferation; + CDK7 is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Mevociclib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C139552" + term_id: C139552 + term_version: 20.10d + +mezagitamab: + common: + description: >- + A human, non-agonistic immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed + against the cell surface glycoprotein ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1 (CD38) with potential + immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Mezagitamab specifically binds + to CD38 that is expressed on human plasmablasts, plasma cells, NK cells and + activated T- and B-cells. This may trigger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity + (ADCC), cell lysis and depletion of CD38-expressing cells. Additionally, TAK-079 + does not induce CD38-dependent signaling and does not promote cytokine activation + in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs). CD38, a type II transmembrane + glycoprotein, is overexpressed on cells associated with autoimmune diseases + and hematologic malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + Mezagitamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148078" + term_id: C148078 + term_version: 20.10d + +mg: + common: + description: >- + A metric unit of mass equal to one thousandth of a gram or 1000 micrograms. + One milligram equals approximately 0.015 432 grain or 35.274 x 10E-6 ounce. + termDef: + term: >- + Milligram + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C28253" + term_id: C28253 + term_version: 20.10d + +mgmt: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in DNA repair. + termDef: + term: >- + MGMT Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21232" + term_id: C21232 + term_version: 20.10d + +mh2a: + common: + description: >- + A histone protein that is comprised of a histone H2A domain, which allows interaction + with the nucleosome, and a macro domain, which may bind to ADP-ribose. This + protein can substitute for histone H2A in the nucleosomal complex and plays + a role in transcriptional repression and X chromosome inactivation. + termDef: + term: >- + Core Histone Macro-H2A + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95407" + term_id: C95407 + term_version: 20.10d + +mh2a1: + common: + description: >- + Core histone macro-H2A.1 (372 aa, ~40 kDa) is encoded by the human MACROH2A1 + gene. This protein plays a role in chromatin modification. + termDef: + term: >- + Core Histone Macro-H2A.1 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C113624" + term_id: C113624 + term_version: 20.10d + +mh2a2: + common: + description: >- + Core histone macro-H2A.2 (372 aa, ~40 kDa) is encoded by the human MACROH2A2 + gene. This protein plays a role in nucleosome formation and transcriptional + repression. + termDef: + term: >- + Core Histone Macro-H2A.2 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C154659" + term_id: C154659 + term_version: 20.10d + +mib1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both ubiquitination and cell signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + MIB1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C104651" + term_id: C104651 + term_version: 20.10d + +microarray: + common: + description: >- + Analysis using microarray technology (e.g., cDNA arrays to see gene expression + or protein microarrays to profile the pattern of proteins). + termDef: + term: >- + Microarray Analysis + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18477" + term_id: C18477 + term_version: 20.10d + +microbiome_gen001: + common: + description: >- + A microbiome therapeutic composed of a single-strain bacterium, isolated from + the gut of healthy donors, with potential anti-tumor and immunomodulating activities. + Upon oral administration, the metabolites of GEN-001 may activate dendritic + cells and macrophages in the gut and increase the expression of the cytokines + interleukin-7 (IL-7) and interleukin-15 (IL-15), which stimulates the proliferation + of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-cells. The memory T-cells enhance + the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates + the immune response against tumor cells. This may increase tumor cell killing + and decrease tumor cell proliferation. GEN-001 may improve therapeutic responses + to other therapies, such as anti-PD-1 therapy. + termDef: + term: >- + Microbiome GEN-001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171422" + term_id: C171422 + term_version: 20.10d + +microbiomederived_peptide_vaccine_eo2401: + common: + description: >- + A donor-derived, off-the-shelf, microbiome therapeutic cancer peptide vaccine + composed of three bacterial onco-mimics, immunogenic microbiome-derived peptides + that are highly homologous to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), that are obtained + and selected from the human gut microbiome and are specific for brain tumors, + including glioblastoma, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. + The three microbiome-derived bacterial antigens in EO2401 mimic three TAAs that + are highly expressed by brain tumors. Upon administration of microbiome-derived + peptide vaccine EO2401, the peptides are taken up by and presented on dendritic + cells (DCs) to T-cells. As the presented antigens display molecular mimicry + with selected TAAs on brain cancer cells, a memory T-cell and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL)-mediated immune response may be mounted against the TAAs expressed on + the brain cancer cells, thereby eradicating the brain cancer cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Microbiome-derived Peptide Vaccine EO2401 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165646" + term_id: C165646 + term_version: 20.10d + +micropapillary: + common: + description: >- + A morphologic finding indicating the presence of an architectural pattern dominated + by the presence of small papillary structures. + termDef: + term: >- + Micropapillary Pattern + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C36181" + term_id: C36181 + term_version: 20.10d + +microsatellite_analysis: + common: + description: >- + A laboratory procedure to detect microsatellite instability. + termDef: + term: >- + Microsatellite Instability Analysis + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C63331" + term_id: C63331 + term_version: 20.10d + +milataxel: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable taxane with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral + administration, milataxel and its major active metabolite M-10 bind to and stabilize + tubulin, resulting in the inhibition of microtubule depolymerization and cell + division, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and the inhibition of tumor cell + proliferation. Unlike other taxane compounds, milataxel appears to be a poor + substrate for the multidrug resistance (MDR) membrane-associated P-glycoprotein + (P-gp) efflux pump and may be useful for treating multidrug-resistant tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + Milataxel + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C77880" + term_id: C77880 + term_version: 20.10d + +mild: + common: + description: >- + Gentle or temperate in nature or degree. + termDef: + term: >- + Mild + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C70666" + term_id: C70666 + term_version: 20.10d + +miptenalimab: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation + gene 3 protein (LAG3; LAG-3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and + antineoplastic activities. Upon administration,miptenalimab binds to LAG3 expressed + on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility + complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific + T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which + leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily + (IgSF), is expressed on various immune cells, and negatively regulates both + proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated + with tumor-mediated immune suppression. + termDef: + term: >- + Miptenalimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C150403" + term_id: C150403 + term_version: 20.10d + +miransertib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT + (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Miransertib binds + to and inhibits the activity of AKT in a non-ATP competitive manner, which may + result in the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This may lead to + the reduction in tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. + The AKT signaling pathway is often deregulated in cancer and is associated with + tumor cell proliferation, survival and migration. + termDef: + term: >- + Miransertib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C99172" + term_id: C99172 + term_version: 20.10d + +mirdametinib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, synthetic organic molecule targeting mitogen-activated + protein kinase kinase (MAPK/ERK kinase or MEK) with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, mirdametinib selectively binds to and inhibits + MEK, which may result in the inhibition of the phosphorylation and activation + of MAPK/ERK and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. The dual specific + threonine/tyrosine kinase MEK is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling + pathway that is frequently activated in human tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + Mirdametinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C52195" + term_id: C52195 + term_version: 20.10d + +mirna: + common: + description: >- + A sequence of single-stranded RNA, that is 20-25 nucleotides in length, which + is transcribed from DNA but is not translated into a protein. This nucleic acid + may regulate the transcription or translation of other genes. + termDef: + term: >- + MicroRNA + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C25966" + term_id: C25966 + term_version: 20.10d + +mirzotamab_clezutoclax: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an as of yet undisclosed monoclonal + antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed + cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration + of mirzotamab clezutoclax, the monoclonal antibody moiety of ABBV-155 targets + and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, + the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through + an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. + termDef: + term: >- + Mirzotamab Clezutoclax + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C157279" + term_id: C157279 + term_version: 20.10d + +missense_variant: + common: + description: >- + A point mutation occurring within the protein-coding region of a gene, and which + codes for a different amino acid than expected. + termDef: + term: >- + Missense Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18133" + term_id: C18133 + term_version: 20.10d + +mitazalimab: + common: + description: >- + A human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell + surface receptor CD40 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. + Upon intratumoral administration, mitazalimab binds to CD40 on antigen-presenting + dendritic cells, which leads to the activation and proliferation of effector + and memory T-cells, and enhances the immune response against tumor cells. In + addition, this agent binds to the CD40 antigen present on the surfaces of tumor + cells, which induces antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC). This eventually + inhibits the proliferation of CD40-expressing tumor cells. CD40, a stimulatory + receptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, + is expressed on various immune cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells and + various tumor cell types; it plays a key role in the activation of the immune + system. + termDef: + term: >- + Mitazalimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C121538" + term_id: C121538 + term_version: 20.10d + +mitf: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional promotion in melanocytes. + termDef: + term: >- + MITF Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C70584" + term_id: C70584 + term_version: 20.10d + +mkl1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional modulation and muscle cell differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + MRTFA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97296" + term_id: C97296 + term_version: 20.10d + +mlf1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both transcriptional regulation and cell cycle arrest. + termDef: + term: >- + MLF1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97650" + term_id: C97650 + term_version: 20.10d + +mlh1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in DNA mismatch repair. + termDef: + term: >- + MLH1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18482" + term_id: C18482 + term_version: 20.10d + +mlh2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in mismatch repair and mutations in the gene result in + hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer 3. + termDef: + term: >- + PMS1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18590" + term_id: C18590 + term_version: 20.10d + +mllt1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and translocations in the + gene are associated with acute leukemia. + termDef: + term: >- + MLLT1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24601" + term_id: C24601 + term_version: 20.10d + +mllt10: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + MLLT10 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C84461" + term_id: C84461 + term_version: 20.10d + +mllt11: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in mitochondrial functions. + termDef: + term: >- + MLLT11 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97387" + term_id: C97387 + term_version: 20.10d + +mllt3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation and translocations in the + gene are associated with leukemia. + termDef: + term: >- + MLLT3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24603" + term_id: C24603 + term_version: 20.10d + +mllt4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell adhesion and cytoskeletal modeling + termDef: + term: >- + AFDN Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24604" + term_id: C24604 + term_version: 20.10d + +mllt6: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and aberrations in the gene + are associated with acute leukemias due to chromosomal translocations. + termDef: + term: >- + MLLT6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24605" + term_id: C24605 + term_version: 20.10d + +mn1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in tumor suppression. + termDef: + term: >- + MN1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97618" + term_id: C97618 + term_version: 20.10d + +mnx1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both the regulation of transcription and DNA binding. + termDef: + term: >- + MNX1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97559" + term_id: C97559 + term_version: 20.10d + +mobocertinib: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of specific mutant forms of both human epidermal + growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; + ERBB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mobocertinib + specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits certain mutant forms of + EGFR and HER2. This prevents EGFR- and HER2-mediated signaling and leads to + cell death in EGFR mutant- and HER2 mutant-expressing tumor cells. EGFR and + HER2, receptor tyrosine kinases mutated in many tumor cell types, play key roles + in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. + termDef: + term: >- + Mobocertinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C126752" + term_id: C126752 + term_version: 20.10d + +modakafusp_alfa: + common: + description: >- + A proprietary preparation composed of an immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) directed against + the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 (CD38) that is fused to an attenuated form + of human interferon alpha (IFN alpha; IFNa), with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, modakafusp alfa specifically + targets and binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. In turn, the IFNa moiety + binds to cell-surface IFN receptors, and activates IFN-mediated signal transduction + pathways, which results in the transcription and translation of genes whose + products may cause antiproliferative effects in CD38-positive tumor cells. CD38, + a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and + hematologic malignancies, and its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Modakafusp Alfa + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C140427" + term_id: C140427 + term_version: 20.10d + +moderate: + common: + description: >- + The quality of being within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extreme. + termDef: + term: >- + Moderate + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C61376" + term_id: C61376 + term_version: 20.10d + +modified_vaccinia_ankaravectored_hpv1618_vaccine_jnj65195208: + common: + description: >- + A booster cancer vaccine comprised of a modified, replication-defective, vaccinia + virus Ankara (MVA) Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) strain encoding the oncogenic human + papillomavirus types 16 (HPV16) and 18 (HPV18), with potential immunostimulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of MVA-vectored + HPV16/18 vaccine JNJ-65195208, and after the administration of the prime vaccine(s) + adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26)-expressing HPV16 vaccine JNJ-63682918 and/or Ad26-expressing + HPV18 vaccine JNJ-63682931, this vaccine further stimulates the host immune + system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells + expressing HPV16/18 proteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis. HPV16/18 infection + plays a key role in the development of a variety of cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + Modified Vaccinia Ankara-vectored HPV16/18 Vaccine JNJ-65195208 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167362" + term_id: C167362 + term_version: 20.10d + +mosaicism: + common: + description: >- + The presence of more than one genetically distinct cell line in germ and/or + somatic cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Mosaicism + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C92976" + term_id: C92976 + term_version: 20.10d + +motixafortide: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) with potential + antineoplastic activity. CXCR4 antagonist BL-8040 selectively binds to the chemokine + receptor CXCR4, preventing the binding of stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or + CXCL12) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation, which may + result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration. In addition, inhibition + of CXCR4 may induce mobilization of hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow + into blood. The G protein-coupled receptor CXCR4 plays an important role in + chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types; + SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction induces retention of hematopoietic cells in the bone + marrow. + termDef: + term: >- + Motixafortide + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C88309" + term_id: C88309 + term_version: 20.10d + +mpl: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a regulatory role in megakaryocytopoiesis and platelet formation. + termDef: + term: >- + MPL Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18411" + term_id: C18411 + term_version: 20.10d + +mrna: + common: + description: >- + A class of RNA molecule containing protein-coding information in its nucleotide + sequence that can be translated into the amino acid sequence of a protein. + termDef: + term: >- + Messenger RNA + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C813" + term_id: C813 + term_version: 20.10d + +msh2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in DNA mismatch repair mutations in the gene result in + hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer-1. + termDef: + term: >- + MSH2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18481" + term_id: C18481 + term_version: 20.10d + +msh6: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in mismatch repair and plays a role in several cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + MSH6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C19195" + term_id: C19195 + term_version: 20.10d + +msi2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in translational regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + MSI2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C91356" + term_id: C91356 + term_version: 20.10d + +msn: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both cell adhesion and cytoskeleton modeling. + termDef: + term: >- + MSN Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97621" + term_id: C97621 + term_version: 20.10d + +mtcp1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the proliferation of T cells and is involved in cell + cycle regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + MTCP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24617" + term_id: C24617 + term_version: 20.10d + +mtor: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in apoptosis, cell growth, differentiation and proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + MTOR Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38928" + term_id: C38928 + term_version: 20.10d + +muc1wt1_peptideprimed_autologous_dendritic_cells: + common: + description: >- + A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous monocyte-derived dendritic + cells (DCs) loaded with the human tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) mucin-1 (MUC1) + and Wilms tumor protein 1 (WT1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon vaccination, the MUC-1/WT1 peptide-primed autologous DCs expose + the immune system to MUC1 and WT1 peptides and may stimulate the host immune + system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against MUC1 and WT1-expressing + cancer cells, which could result in cancer cell lysis. MUC1 and WT1, are overexpressed + in a variety of tumor types and play an important role in tumor cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + MUC-1/WT1 Peptide-primed Autologous Dendritic Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174519" + term_id: C174519 + term_version: 20.10d + +muc1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cellular signal transduction and is used as a biomarker + for breast cancer. + termDef: + term: >- + MUC1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38939" + term_id: C38939 + term_version: 20.10d + +muc16: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both cellular adhesion and the maintenance of mucosal + surfaces. + termDef: + term: >- + MUC16 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C71018" + term_id: C71018 + term_version: 20.10d + +muc4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both cell adhesion and receptor signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + MUC4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C128854" + term_id: C128854 + term_version: 20.10d + +multiepitope_her2_peptide_vaccine_tpiv100: + common: + description: >- + A cancer peptide vaccine comprised of four peptides derived from the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) HER-2/neu (ErbB-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration of the multi-epitope HER2 peptide vaccine TPIV100, + the four peptides may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune + response against tumor cells expressing the HER-2/neu antigen, which may result + in the inhibition of proliferation in Her-2/neu-expressing tumor cells. Her-2/neu, + a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of tyrosine kinases, + is overexpressed in various tumor cell types. To enhance immunity, the peptides + are admixed with the adjuvant granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor + (GM-CSF). + termDef: + term: >- + Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine TPIV100 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173525" + term_id: C173525 + term_version: 20.10d + +murizatoclax: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (myeloid + cell leukemia-1; Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, MCL-1 inhibitor AMG 397 targets and binds to + Mcl-1, thereby preventing the binding of Mcl-1 to and inactivation of certain + pro-apoptotic proteins. This promotes apoptosis of cells overexpressing Mcl-1. + Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) + family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor cell survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Murizatoclax + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C156740" + term_id: C156740 + term_version: 20.10d + +muscadine_grape_extract: + common: + description: >- + An extract derived from the Muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia), with potential + anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-lipidemic and chemopreventive activities. + The muscadine grape extract (MGE) contains numerous phytochemicals including + hydrolyzable tannins and flavonoids, such as resveratrol, anthocyanin 3,5-diglucosides, + quercetin, ellagic acid, myricetin, and kaempferol glycosides. Upon administration, + the active components in the MGE scavenge free radicals, protect against oxidation + of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and inhibit cell damage due to reactive oxygen + species (ROS). This inhibits oxidative stress and protects against DNA damage. + MGE also inhibits enzymes involved in inflammation, cell replication and DNA + synthesis, and induces the expression of anti-oxidant enzymes. The active ingredients + may also inhibit certain signaling pathways upregulated in some tumor cell types, + eventually leading to apoptosis and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. + MGE may also boost energy and prevent fatigue. + termDef: + term: >- + Muscadine Grape Extract + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175526" + term_id: C175526 + term_version: 20.10d + +muscle_tissue: + common: + description: >- + Tissue responsible for the body movements and the shape and size changes of + internal organs. Muscle tissue is composed of specialized contractile cells. + There are two types of muscle tissue recognized: striated and smooth muscle. + The striated muscle tissue is further subdivided into skeletal, visceral striated, + and cardiac muscle. + termDef: + term: >- + Muscle Tissue + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C12435" + term_id: C12435 + term_version: 20.10d + +mutyh: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the repair of oxidative DNA damage. + termDef: + term: >- + MUTYH Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C61056" + term_id: C61056 + term_version: 20.10d + +mvabn_smallpox_vaccine: + common: + description: >- + A vaccine consisting of modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN), a + live, attenuated, non-replicating, proprietary version of the MVA virus, used + for the prevention of smallpox and monkeypox, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon intratumoral administration, MVA-BN smallpox vaccine may induce + both cellular and humoral immune responses, which may lead to tumor cell lysis. + termDef: + term: >- + MVA-BN Smallpox Vaccine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173552" + term_id: C173552 + term_version: 20.10d + +myb: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in hematopoietic cell proliferation and development. + termDef: + term: >- + MYB Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C28569" + term_id: C28569 + term_version: 20.10d + +myc: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Cytogenetic + aberrations in the gene are involved in cellular transformation and are associated + with a variety of hematopoietic tumors, leukemias and lymphomas. + termDef: + term: >- + MYC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C16887" + term_id: C16887 + term_version: 20.10d + +mycl: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and is frequently amplified + in small-cell lung cancer. + termDef: + term: >- + MYCL Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18407" + term_id: C18407 + term_version: 20.10d + +mycn: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and amplification of this + gene is associated with a variety of tumors, most notably neuroblastomas. + termDef: + term: >- + MYCN Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18405" + term_id: C18405 + term_version: 20.10d + +myd88: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the modulation of proinflammatory gene expression. + termDef: + term: >- + MYD88 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C90089" + term_id: C90089 + term_version: 20.10d + +myeloblasts: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the number of myeloblast cells present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Myeloblast Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C74632" + term_id: C74632 + term_version: 20.10d + +myelocytes: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the number of myelocyte cells present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Myelocyte Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C74662" + term_id: C74662 + term_version: 20.10d + +myh11: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a regulatory role in muscle contraction and the required ATP + hydrolysis. + termDef: + term: >- + MYH11 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C29957" + term_id: C29957 + term_version: 20.10d + +myh9: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both cytoskeleton modeling and cytokinesis. + termDef: + term: >- + MYH9 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97646" + term_id: C97646 + term_version: 20.10d + +myo5a: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in vesicle transport along actin filaments. + termDef: + term: >- + MYO5A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122881" + term_id: C122881 + term_version: 20.10d + +myod1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in DNA binding and myogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + MYOD1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C93113" + term_id: C93113 + term_version: 20.10d + +ndihydrogalactochitosan: + common: + description: >- + A carbohyrate polymer in which galactose molecules are attached to the amino + groups of the glucosamine polymer chitosan, with potential imunostimulating + activity. After a tumor ablation and upon intratumoral injection directly into + the location of the ablated tumor, N-dihydrogalactochitosan may trigger a tumor-specific + systemic immune response when exposed to tumor-associated neoantigens that are + liberated by tumor ablation. This may kill tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + N-dihydrogalactochitosan + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173438" + term_id: C173438 + term_version: 20.10d + +nab2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the repression of gene transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + NAB2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122903" + term_id: C122903 + term_version: 20.10d + +naca: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in protein sorting. + termDef: + term: >- + NACA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97653" + term_id: C97653 + term_version: 20.10d + +nagrestipen: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant form of a human macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP1-alpha) + with a substitution of aspartate to alanine at position 26, with potential immunomodulating + and radiotherapy potentiating activity. Intravenous administration of nagrestipen + after local tumor irradiation enhances the anti-tumor effect of ionizing radiation + at the irradiated site as well as the antitumor effect at non-irradiated tumor + sites (known as the abscopal effect). The abscopal effect appears to be attributed + to this agent's ability to recruit and activate leukocytes, such as monocytes, + dendritic cells, natural killer cells and T lymphocytes, thereby initiating + an anti-tumor immune response against cancer cells. MIP1-alpha, also known as + chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3, is a ligand for the chemokine receptors CCR1, + CCR4 and CCR5 that are involved in immune and inflammatory responses. + termDef: + term: >- + Nagrestipen + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98294" + term_id: C98294 + term_version: 20.10d + +naratuximab_emtansine: + common: + description: >- + An immunoconjugate that consists of a humanized IgG1 antibody K7153A against + the cell-surface antigen CD37 and covalently linked via the uncleavable, maleimide-derived + thioether-based linker SMCC to the maytansinoid DM1, with potential pro-apoptotic + and cytotoxic activities. Upon administration of naratuximab emtansine, the + antibody moiety of IMGN529 binds to CD37 on tumor B-cells and induces an antibody-dependent + cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), + thereby showing pro-apoptotic activity. In addition, after the internalization + of this agent and lysosomal degradation, the DM1 moiety binds to tubulin and + inhibits tubulin polymerization and microtubule assembly, resulting in a disruption + of microtubule activity and cell division, and eventually causing cell death + in CD37-positive B-cells. CD37, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed + in B-cell malignancies. Compared to reducible, cleavable linkers, the non-reducible + SMCC linker shows increased stability in plasma. + termDef: + term: >- + Naratuximab Emtansine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C100101" + term_id: C100101 + term_version: 20.10d + +navicixizumab: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against both the Notch ligand delta-like + 4 (DLL4) and the human tyrosine kinase vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), + with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. The anti-DLL4 + moiety of navicixizumab specifically binds to DLL4, prevents its interaction + with Notch receptors, and inhibits Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, + which may both block tumor angiogenesis and inhibit tumor cell growth. The anti-VEGF + moiety binds to VEGF and prevents the binding of VEGF to its receptor, which + blocks VEGF-mediated signaling and further inhibits the growth and maintenance + of tumor blood vessels. The expression of DLL4 is highly restricted to the vascular + endothelium; DLL4/Notch signaling is required for the development of functional + tumor blood vessels. The expression of the pro-angiogenic growth factor VEGF + is associated with tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation and invasion. + termDef: + term: >- + Navicixizumab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C119620" + term_id: C119620 + term_version: 20.10d + +nbea: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in membrane-targeting of protein kinase A. + termDef: + term: >- + NBEA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143075" + term_id: C143075 + term_version: 20.10d + +nbn: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoints. + termDef: + term: >- + NBN Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21178" + term_id: C21178 + term_version: 20.10d + +nckipsd: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in stress fiber formation. + termDef: + term: >- + NCKIPSD Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97433" + term_id: C97433 + term_version: 20.10d + +ncoa1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + NCOA1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20695" + term_id: C20695 + term_version: 20.10d + +ncoa2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in regulation of transcription. It also plays a role in + myogenic differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + NCOA2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20697" + term_id: C20697 + term_version: 20.10d + +ncoa4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the transcriptional activation of target genes. + termDef: + term: >- + NCOA4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18381" + term_id: C18381 + term_version: 20.10d + +ncor1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in chromatin remodeling and repression of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + NCOR1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C28640" + term_id: C28640 + term_version: 20.10d + +ncor2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in repression of transcription. It is also involved in + chromatin remodeling. + termDef: + term: >- + NCOR2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C28633" + term_id: C28633 + term_version: 20.10d + +ndrg1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cellular stress responses. It is also involved in + both cell growth and differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + NDRG1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24625" + term_id: C24625 + term_version: 20.10d + +near_diploid: + common: + description: >- + A chromosomal abnormality in which the total chromosome number is slightly more + (hyperdiploid) or slightly less (hypodiploid) than the normal diploid number. + termDef: + term: >- + Near Diploidy + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165228" + term_id: C165228 + term_version: 20.10d + +neck: + common: + description: >- + The region that connects the head to the rest of the body. + termDef: + term: >- + Neck + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13063" + term_id: C13063 + term_version: 20.10d + +negative: + common: + description: >- + A finding of normality following an examination or investigation looking for + the presence of a microorganism, disease, or condition. + termDef: + term: >- + Negative Finding + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38757" + term_id: C38757 + term_version: 20.10d + +nerve_tissue: + common: + description: >- + The tissue that generates and conducts electrical signals in the body. It contains + the neurons. + termDef: + term: >- + Nerve Tissue + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13052" + term_id: C13052 + term_version: 20.10d + +neutrophil_bands: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the number of band neutrophils in a blood sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Neutrophil Band Form Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C64830" + term_id: C64830 + term_version: 20.10d + +nf1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and cytoskeletal remodeling. + termDef: + term: >- + NF1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17424" + term_id: C17424 + term_version: 20.10d + +nf2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cell adhesion and cytoskeletal remodeling. It is also + involved in suppression of cell growth. + termDef: + term: >- + NF2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17425" + term_id: C17425 + term_version: 20.10d + +nfatc2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cytokine gene transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + NFATC2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C93138" + term_id: C93138 + term_version: 20.10d + +nfe2l2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + NFE2L2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C54237" + term_id: C54237 + term_version: 20.10d + +nfib: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation and mediates DNA-binding + interactions. + termDef: + term: >- + NFIB Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38401" + term_id: C38401 + term_version: 20.10d + +nfkb2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation, signal transduction and + inflammatory responses. + termDef: + term: >- + NFKB2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18404" + term_id: C18404 + term_version: 20.10d + +nfkbie: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and regulation of transcription. + It is involved in the immune response. + termDef: + term: >- + NFKBIE Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38396" + term_id: C38396 + term_version: 20.10d + +nin: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the localization of the centrosome. + termDef: + term: >- + NIN Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97668" + term_id: C97668 + term_version: 20.10d + +nkx21: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in thyroid gene transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + NKX2-1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C73443" + term_id: C73443 + term_version: 20.10d + +nmd_transcript_variant: + common: + description: >- + A mutation occurring in a sequence that regulates non-sense mediated mRNA decay. + termDef: + term: >- + Non-Sense Mediated Decay Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148643" + term_id: C148643 + term_version: 20.10d + +no_dysplasia: + common: + description: >- + An indication that signs of dysplasia were not found in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Dysplasia Negative + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C164040" + term_id: C164040 + term_version: 20.10d + +nogapendekin_alfa: + common: + description: >- + A fusion protein complex composed of a mutated form of the cytokine interleukin + (IL)-15 (IL-15N72D) and a soluble, dimeric IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra) Fc + fusion protein (IL-15Ra-Fc) (IL-15N72D/IL-15Ra-Fc), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, superagonist interleukin-15:interleukin-15 receptor + alphaSu/Fc fusion complex N-803 binds to the IL-2/IL-15 receptor beta-common + gamma chain (IL-2Rbetagamma) receptor on natural killer (NK) and CD8+ T lymphocytes, + which activates and increases the levels of NK cells and memory CD8+(CD44high) + T-cells. The memory T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma + (IFN-g), which further potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. + This may increase tumor cell killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. + IL-15 regulates CD8+ T and NK cell development, activation and proliferation. + By coupling IL-15 to IL15Ra-Fc, this agent has a prolonged drug half-life and + shows an increased ability to bind IL-2Rbetagamma, which enhances its immune + stimulatory activity as compared to IL-15 alone. + termDef: + term: >- + Nogapendekin Alfa + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C107503" + term_id: C107503 + term_version: 20.10d + +nonclonal: + common: + description: >- + An indication that the cells in a sample did not arise from a single progenitor + cell. + termDef: + term: >- + Nonclonal Cellular Population Present + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172229" + term_id: C172229 + term_version: 20.10d + +noncoding_transcript_exon_variant: + common: + description: >- + A change in the nucleotide sequence of an exon in a non-coding gene. + termDef: + term: >- + Non-Coding Gene Exon Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148645" + term_id: C148645 + term_version: 20.10d + +noncoding_transcript_variant: + common: + description: >- + A change in the nucleotide sequence of a non-coding gene. + termDef: + term: >- + Non-Coding Gene Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148644" + term_id: C148644 + term_version: 20.10d + +none: + common: + description: >- + No person or thing, nobody, not any. + termDef: + term: >- + None + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C41132" + term_id: C41132 + term_version: 20.10d + +nonkeratinizing: + common: + description: >- + Epithelial dysplasia in which there is continuum from mild dysplasia to moderate + dysplasia to severe dysplasia before the development of invasive carcinoma. + termDef: + term: >- + Non-Keratinizing Dysplasia + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C161016" + term_id: C161016 + term_version: 20.10d + +nono: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in both transcriptional regulation and nuclear RNA + processing. + termDef: + term: >- + NONO Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C71419" + term_id: C71419 + term_version: 20.10d + +nonsense: + common: + description: >- + A point mutation occurring within the protein-coding region of a gene, and which + codes for a stop that can truncate the protein. + termDef: + term: >- + Nonsense Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C62198" + term_id: C62198 + term_version: 20.10d + +normal: + common: + description: >- + Being approximately average or within certain limits; conforming with or constituting + a norm or standard or level or type or social norm. + termDef: + term: >- + Normal + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C14165" + term_id: C14165 + term_version: 20.10d + +not_applicable: + common: + description: >- + Determination of a value is not relevant in the current context. + termDef: + term: >- + Not Applicable + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C48660" + term_id: C48660 + term_version: 20.10d + +notch1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in intercellular signal transduction that plays a key + role in development. + termDef: + term: >- + NOTCH1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24636" + term_id: C24636 + term_version: 20.10d + +notch2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cell-cell signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + NOTCH2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97677" + term_id: C97677 + term_version: 20.10d + +npm1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of ribosomal assembly. + termDef: + term: >- + NPM1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21185" + term_id: C21185 + term_version: 20.10d + +nr4a3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the modulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + NR4A3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96007" + term_id: C96007 + term_version: 20.10d + +nras: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and cell cycle regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + NRAS Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C25786" + term_id: C25786 + term_version: 20.10d + +nrg1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cellular differentiation, growth and proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + NRG1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20174" + term_id: C20174 + term_version: 20.10d + +nsd1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the mediation of histone methylation. + termDef: + term: >- + NSD1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C75876" + term_id: C75876 + term_version: 20.10d + +nsd2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in histone-lysine methylation. + termDef: + term: >- + NSD2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21416" + term_id: C21416 + term_version: 20.10d + +nsd3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in histone methylation. + termDef: + term: >- + NSD3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96341" + term_id: C96341 + term_version: 20.10d + +nse: + common: + description: >- + Gamma-enolase (434 aa, ~47 kDa) is encoded by the human ENO2 gene. This protein + is involved in glycolysis, neurotrophy and neuroprotection. + termDef: + term: >- + Gamma-Enolase + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C62216" + term_id: C62216 + term_version: 20.10d + +nt5c2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in purine metabolism. + termDef: + term: >- + NT5C2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C104587" + term_id: C104587 + term_version: 20.10d + +nthl1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in nucleotide-excision DNA repair. + termDef: + term: >- + NTHL1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C106190" + term_id: C106190 + term_version: 20.10d + +ntrk1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cellular differentiation and neurotrophic functions. + termDef: + term: >- + NTRK1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18551" + term_id: C18551 + term_version: 20.10d + +ntrk3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in neuronal development and cellular differentiation. + Mutations in the gene are associated with medulloblastomas, secretory breast + carcinomas and other cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + NTRK3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24647" + term_id: C24647 + term_version: 20.10d + +nuclear_staining: + common: + description: >- + A microscopy staining method that uses a dye or a contrast agent that specifically + binds to chromosomal material and/or nucleoproteins, which permits visualization + of a cellular nucleus. + termDef: + term: >- + Nuclear Staining Method + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165224" + term_id: C165224 + term_version: 20.10d + +nullizygous: + common: + description: >- + Having no copies, or nonfunctional copies, of a particular gene or genetic region. + termDef: + term: >- + Nullizygosity + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148063" + term_id: C148063 + term_version: 20.10d + +numa1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays an essential role in normal mitosis. It is also involved in + cell organization/biogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + NUMA1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24648" + term_id: C24648 + term_version: 20.10d + +numidargistat: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of arginase, a manganese-dependent enzyme that + hydrolyzes the amino acid arginine to form ornithine and urea, with potential + immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, numidargistat + inhibits the breakdown of arginine by arginase, which is produced by myeloid + cells, and restores arginine levels. This allows arginine to stimulate the synthesis + of nitric oxide and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, + which induces the proliferation and activation of T-cells. Therefore, this agent + may prevent the immunosuppressive effects of tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells + and promote lymphocyte-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. Arginase + is produced by neutrophils, macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells + (MDSC) and plays a role in inflammation-associated immunosuppression. + termDef: + term: >- + Numidargistat + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C142866" + term_id: C142866 + term_version: 20.10d + +nup214: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a critical role in nuclear transport and docking regulation. + Alterations in the gene have been associated with several cancers and leukemias. + termDef: + term: >- + NUP214 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24649" + term_id: C24649 + term_version: 20.10d + +nup98: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transport and is frequently overexpressed in prostate + cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + NUP98 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20820" + term_id: C20820 + term_version: 20.10d + +nurulimab: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic + T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint + inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nurulimab targets + and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation + of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member + of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role in the downregulation + of the immune system. + termDef: + term: >- + Nurulimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C156734" + term_id: C156734 + term_version: 20.10d + +nutm1: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in testicular function. + termDef: + term: >- + NUTM1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C92705" + term_id: C92705 + term_version: 20.10d + +nutm2a: + common: + description: >- + This gene has an unknown function. + termDef: + term: >- + NUTM2A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101098" + term_id: C101098 + term_version: 20.10d + +nutm2b: + common: + description: >- + The function of this gene is unknown. + termDef: + term: >- + NUTM2B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101101" + term_id: C101101 + term_version: 20.10d + +occipital: + common: + description: >- + A lymph node located in the back of the head adjacent to the trapezius muscle. + termDef: + term: >- + Occipital Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98188" + term_id: C98188 + term_version: 20.10d + +odronextamab: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific, human monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. + Anti-CD20/CD3 monoclonal antibody REGN1979 contains two antigen-recognition + sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, + a tumor-associated antigen that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most + stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. + Upon administration, odronextamab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing + tumor B-cells, which cross-links the T-cells to tumor cells, and may result + in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD20-expressing tumor + B-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Odronextamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C119615" + term_id: C119615 + term_version: 20.10d + +ofranergene_obadenovec: + common: + description: >- + A non-replicating adenovirus 5 (Ad-5, El-deleted) encoding a human Fas-chimera + (Fas-c) transgene under the control of a modified murine pre-proendothelin-1 + (PPE-1) promoter, with potential anti-angiogenic activity. Upon the administration + of ofranergene obadenovec, the modified murine PPE-1 promoter is specifically + activated in PPE-1-expressing angiogenic endothelial cells residing in the tumor + microvasculature. Subsequently, the Fas-c pro-apoptotic transgene, containing + the human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 (TNFR-1/p55) and the signaling + domain of Fas, is expressed in angiogenic endothelial cells. Fas-mediated apoptosis + is activated via binding of the TNFR-1 receptor with TNF-alpha, which is more + abundant in the tumor microenvironment (TME), enhancing specificity and limiting + systemic toxicities. + termDef: + term: >- + Ofranergene Obadenovec + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C71539" + term_id: C71539 + term_version: 20.10d + +olig2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and oligodendrocyte and + motor neuron differentiation. This gene may play a role in the development of + brain tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + OLIG2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C68575" + term_id: C68575 + term_version: 20.10d + +oligofucoidan: + common: + description: >- + A sulfated polysaccharide low-molecular-weight fucoidan, with potential antioxidant, + anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic activities. + Upon administration of oligo-fucoidan, this agent seems to exert numerous effects + through various mechanisms of action, some of which remain to be fully elucidated. + Oligo-fucoidan induces cell cycle arrest, activates caspases, induces apoptosis, + and inhibits tumor cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. It also increases + the expression of tumor suppressors, such as p53, while decreasing levels of + certain tumor promoters. Oligo-fucoidan also promotes the degradation of transforming + growth factor-beta (TGFb) receptor and the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal + transition (EMT). It prevents tumor progression, alters tumor microenvironment + (TME) and decreases the tumor-promoting M2 macrophages in the TME. Oligo-fucoidan + has anti-inflammatory effects that suppress the expression of nitric oxide synthase + (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2), + and decrease the production of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1beta + (IL-1b) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (TNFa). This agent may also suppress + angiogenic activity by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) + receptor expression and VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation. As an antioxidant, + this agent protects cells against oxidative stress by scavenging superoxide + radicals and induces the expression of the anti-oxidant nuclear factor erythroid-2-related + factor 2 and that of its target gene, superoxide dismutase; and prevents reactive + oxidative species (ROS) generation in cancer cells and ROS release into the + TME. Fucoidan also has immune-modulatory effects and enhances the proliferation + of natural killer (NKs) cells and cytotoxic T-cells (CTLs). + termDef: + term: >- + Oligo-fucoidan + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170752" + term_id: C170752 + term_version: 20.10d + +olinvacimab: + common: + description: >- + A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the vascular endothelial growth + factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), with potential antiangiogenic activity. Upon administration, + olinvacimab specifically binds to VEGFR2, thereby preventing the binding of + its ligand VEGF. This may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and + a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. VEGFR2 is a pro-angiogenic growth factor + receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by endothelial cells, while VEGF is overexpressed + in many tumors and is correlated to tumor progression. + termDef: + term: >- + Olinvacimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102877" + term_id: C102877 + term_version: 20.10d + +olvimulogene_nanivacirepvec: + common: + description: >- + An attenuated oncolytic vaccinia virus encoding the light-emitting fusion protein + Renilla luciferase-Aequorea green fluorescent protein (RUC-GFP) with potential + bioluminescent and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, light-emitting + oncolytic vaccinia virus GL-ONC1 specifically enters tumor cells due to the + permeable nature of the tumor vasculature. Once inside the cell, the virus replicates, + resulting in tumor cell lysis and the release of mature viral particles into + the tumor microenvironment. Released viral particles may then infect and destroy + neighboring tumor cells. In addition, the release of tumor-associated antigens + (TAAs) by lysed tumor cells into the bloodstream may activate the immune system + to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against the tumor. The expression + of RUC-GFP by this agent allows for both detection and monitoring of virally + infected tumor cells in vivo and vitro with luciferase-mediated bioluminescence + imaging and fluorescence imaging techniques. + termDef: + term: >- + Olvimulogene Nanivacirepvec + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C79833" + term_id: C79833 + term_version: 20.10d + +omd: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell adhesion. + termDef: + term: >- + OMD Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97680" + term_id: C97680 + term_version: 20.10d + +onatasertib: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with + potential antineoplastic activity. Onatasertib inhibits the activity of mTOR, + which may result in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in + tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated + in a variety of tumors, plays an important role downstream in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR + signaling pathway, which is frequently dysregulated in human cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + Onatasertib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C92575" + term_id: C92575 + term_version: 20.10d + +oncolytic_adenovirus_orca010: + common: + description: >- + A replication competent, oncolytic adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) that has been + modified with a delta24 (d24) deletion, an incorporation of an RGD-4C motif + in the Ad fiber protein, and an insertion of the T1 mutation in E3/19K gene, + with potential oncolytic activity. Upon administration, oncolytic adenovirus + ORCA-010 binds to specific Ad3 receptors that are highly expressed on certain + tumor cells. This results in the replication of oncolytic adenovirus Ad5/3-delta24 + in tumor cells and induces tumor cell lysis which may potentially result in + the activation of a systemic immune response against tumor-associated antigens + (TAAs). The Ad5/3-delta24 has a 24 base pair deletion in constant region 2 of + the E1A gene which allows for selective replication in cells that are defective + in the retinoblastoma gene (Rb) or cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2A (CDKN2A + or p16INK4a). As most tumor cells are defective in the Rb/p16 pathway, this + virus selectively replicates in these cells. The RGD-4C motif is a 9-amino acid + peptide that binds to various and enhances viral-cell receptor binding by allowing + for a Coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR)-independent infection of tumor cells, + which is the natural route of viral binding, as CAR expression is often deficient + on cancer cells. As integrins are often overexpressed on tumor cell surfaces, + integrin receptor binding enhances tumor cells binding and infection by the + Ad. The T1 mutation enhances the Ad5 release from tumor cells and promotes spreading + throughout the tumor, thereby enhancing anti-tumor activity. The T1 mutation, + a single Adenine insertion at position 445 of the nucleotide sequence of the + E3/19K gene of Adenovirus, creates a truncated E3/19K protein that is relocated + to the plasma membrane due to the disruption of its ER retention signal. This + increases plasma membrane permeability and enhances the release of Ad5. + termDef: + term: >- + Oncolytic Adenovirus ORCA-010 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168607" + term_id: C168607 + term_version: 20.10d + +oncolytic_herpes_simplex_virus1_oncr177: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant, genetically modified, microRNA (miRNA)-attenuated oncolytic viral + strain of the herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) virus, with potential oncolytic, + immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. In ONCR-177, a dual bidirectional + promoter enables the expression of five different transgenes: the natural killer + (NK) cell and T-cell activating cytokine interleuin-12 (IL-12), the chemokines + C-C motif chemokine 4 (CCL4) and the extracellular domain of the Fms-related + tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3LG), to allow for expansion and recruitment of + classical dendritic cells (DCs), and antagonists to the immune checkpoints programmed + cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 + (CTLA-4) to counter T cell exhaustion. Upon intra-tumoral administration, the + oncolytic HSV-1 ONCR-177 specifically targets, infects and selectively replicates + in tumor cells only while not infecting normal, healthy cells. This induces + tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles then infect and replicate in + neighboring tumor cells, thereby further killing tumor cells. The released tumor-associated + antigens (TAAs) from the tumor cells activate the immune system to exert an + anti-tumor immune response against the tumor cells, thereby further killing + the tumor cells. In addition, the expressed transgenes that are released upon + tumor cell lysis induce a systemic tumor-specific immune response and activate + NKs, DCs and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) while inhibiting regulatory T-cells + (Tregs). This further kills nearby non-infected tumor cells. In ONCR-177, the + neurovirulence gene ICP34.5 allows for potent oncolysis, even in the presence + of host cell antiviral responses. To ensure selective replication and oncolysis + in cancer cells while attenuating replication in healthy tissue, tissue specific + miRNA-binding cassettes (miR-T) are inserted into early genes essential for + viral replication. In addition, UL37 mutation suppresses latent infection. + termDef: + term: >- + Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1 ONCR-177 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171540" + term_id: C171540 + term_version: 20.10d + +oncolytic_hsv1_expressing_il12_and_antipd1_antibody_t3011: + common: + description: >- + A genetically engineered oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (oHSV-1) expressing + the human immunostimulating cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) and an antibody + directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed + cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint + inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, + oHSV-1 expressing IL-12 and anti-PD-1 antibody T3011 infects and replicates + in tumor cells causing viral-mediated tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, + in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells. Tumor antigens released + from the lysed tumor cells also activate the immune system to induce a tumor-specific + systemic immune and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response, thereby killing nearby + non-infected tumor cells. In addition, oHSV-1 expressing IL-12 and anti-PD-1 + antibody T3011 promotes the secretion of IL-12 and anti-PD-1 antibody by the + tumor cells. IL-12 promotes the activation of natural killer cells, which induces + both the secretion of interferon-gamma and a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response + against the tumor cells. This results in both immune-mediated tumor cell death + and further inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Anti-PD-1 antibody targets, + binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore + immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune + responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin + superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that + negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated + by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays + an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing IL-12 and Anti-PD-1 Antibody T3011 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175473" + term_id: C175473 + term_version: 20.10d + +oncolytic_measles_virus_encoding_helicobacter_pylori_neutrophilactivating_protein: + common: + description: >- + An attenuated oncolytic Edmonston (Ed) strain of measles virus (MV) encoding + the N-terminus of the human lambda immunoglobulin light chain containing the + Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein (NAP), with potential immunostimulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the oncolytic measles virus + encoding H. pylori NAP selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, leading + to syncytia formation and tumor cell lysis. The expressed NAP, a toll-like receptor-2 + (TLR2) agonist, may stimulate the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such + as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6, leading + to local inflammatory reaction in the tumor microenvironment (TME). H. pylori + NAP, a bacterial antigen and potent immunomodulator, may enhance the antitumor + effect of oncolytic MV. + termDef: + term: >- + Oncolytic Measles Virus Encoding Helicobacter pylori Neutrophil-activating + Protein + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173889" + term_id: C173889 + term_version: 20.10d + +ontorpacept: + common: + description: >- + A soluble recombinant antibody-like fusion protein composed of the N-terminal + CD47 binding domain of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) linked + to the Fc domain of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), with potential immune checkpoint + inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ontorpacept selectively + targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction + of CD47 with endogenous SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages. + This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated + inhibition of macrophage activation and phagocytosis of cancer cells. This induces + pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which + is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein + (LDL) receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1), expressed on macrophages, and results + in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. CD47, + also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen + (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and overexpressed + on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction + with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer + cells from phagocytosis, thereby allowing cancer cells to proliferate. + termDef: + term: >- + Ontorpacept + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C125718" + term_id: C125718 + term_version: 20.10d + +onvatilimab: + common: + description: >- + A human monoclonal antibody against the protein V-domain immunoglobulin (Ig) + suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA; programmed death 1 homolog; PD1H; PD-1H), + with potential negative checkpoint regulatory and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, onvatilimab targets and binds to VISTA. This inhibits VISTA + signaling, abrogates the VISTA-induced suppression of T-lymphocyte-mediated + immune responses, enhances cytotoxic T-cell responses against tumor cells and + inhibits tumor cell growth. VISTA, mainly expressed on hematopoietic cells, + plays a key role in immunosuppression. + termDef: + term: >- + Onvatilimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C127124" + term_id: C127124 + term_version: 20.10d + +opolimogene_capmilisbac: + common: + description: >- + A proprietary, live-attenuated, double-deleted (LADD) strain of the Gram-positive + bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding multiple, as of yet undisclosed, + tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic + activities. Upon intravenous administration, opolimogene capmilisbac is taken + up by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). The + TAAs are subsequently expressed by the APCs and then processed and presented + to the immune system by both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I + and II molecules. This activates the immune system and leads to the recruitment + and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) against the TAA-expressing + tumor cells, eventually resulting in tumor cell lysis. Two genes contributing + to the virulence of Lm have been removed to minimize the risk of infection. + termDef: + term: >- + Opolimogene Capmilisbac + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C125631" + term_id: C125631 + term_version: 20.10d + +opucolimab: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive + ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; + CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, opucolimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking + its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; + cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused + by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed + by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses + the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein + belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, + is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival + of CD8-positive T-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Opucolimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165270" + term_id: C165270 + term_version: 20.10d + +orelabrutinib: + common: + description: >- + A small molecule inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia + tyrosine kinase) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, + orelabrutinib binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK. This prevents both + the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated + activation of downstream survival pathways, inhibiting the growth of malignant + B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family + of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed or mutated in B-cell malignancies; + it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation + and survival of B-lymphocytes. + termDef: + term: >- + Orelabrutinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C156173" + term_id: C156173 + term_version: 20.10d + +orvacabtagene_autoleucel: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of autologous CD4- and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that have been + ex vivo transduced with a genetically-engineered lentiviral vector (LV) expressing + a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment + (scFv) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation + antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) + fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the CD3-zeta (CD3z) + T-cell signaling domain, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, orvacabtagene autoleucel specifically recognize + and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific + antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and + B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor + superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is found + on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Orvacabtagene Autoleucel + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C147523" + term_id: C147523 + term_version: 20.10d + +overexpressed: + common: + description: >- + Synthesis of excess polypeptide within the cell. Overexpression is often due + to the amplification or deregulation of the gene which encodes the gene product. + termDef: + term: >- + Protein Overexpression + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18211" + term_id: C18211 + term_version: 20.10d + +oxaliplatin_eluting_beads: + common: + description: >- + A formulation of drug-eluting beads (DEB) consisting of polymeric microbeads + impregnated with the organoplatinum complex and alkylating agent oxaliplatin, + with potential antineoplastic activity. The beads consist of polyvinyl alcohol + (PVA) microspheres modified with sulfonic acid groups and loaded with oxaliplatin. + During transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the hepatic artery, the oxaliplatin + eluting beads occlude tumor blood vessels that feed the tumor and induce ischemic + necrosis of tumor tissue due to mechanical blockage of the tumor vasculature. + The beads release cytotoxic oxaliplatin locally, which may result in oxaliplatin-mediated + inhibition of tumor cell proliferation through formation of both inter- and + intra-strand platinum-DNA crosslinks, and the inhibition of DNA replication. + termDef: + term: >- + Oxaliplatin Eluting Beads + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172098" + term_id: C172098 + term_version: 20.10d + +p2ry8: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + P2RY8 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97683" + term_id: C97683 + term_version: 20.10d + +p97_inhibitor_cb5339: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, selective, second-generation inhibitor of valosin-containing + protein (VCP)/p97, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, + p97 inhibitor CB-5339 binds to and inhibits the activity of p97. This prevents + ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation and causes cellular accumulation of + poly-ubiquitinated proteins. The inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated + protein degradation activates the ER-dependent stress response pathway, and + leads to both an induction of apoptosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation + in susceptible tumor cells. VCP/p97, a type II AAA+ ATPase, plays a key role + in cellular protein homeostasis processes including ER-associated degradation + (ERAD), chromatin associated degradation (CAD) and the DNA damage response (DDR). Its + overexpression in many tumor cell types is associated with increased tumor cell + proliferation and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + p97 Inhibitor CB-5339 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167257" + term_id: C167257 + term_version: 20.10d + +p97_inhibitor_cb5339_tosylate: + common: + description: >- + The tosylate salt of CB-5339, an orally bioavailable, selective, second-generation + inhibitor of valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon oral administration, p97 inhibitor CB-5339 binds to and inhibits + the activity of p97. This prevents ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation + and causes cellular accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins. The inhibition + of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation activates the ER-dependent + stress response pathway, and leads to both an induction of apoptosis and the + inhibition of cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. VCP/p97, a type + II AAA+ ATPase, plays a key role in cellular protein homeostasis processes including + endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD), chromatin associated degradation + (CAD) and the DNA damage response (DDR). Its overexpression in many tumor cell + types is associated with increased tumor cell proliferation and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + p97 Inhibitor CB-5339 Tosylate + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167262" + term_id: C167262 + term_version: 20.10d + +pabpc1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in binding to poly(A)RNA. + termDef: + term: >- + PABPC1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143072" + term_id: C143072 + term_version: 20.10d + +pacmilimab: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant antibody prodrug composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against + the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; + B7-H1; CD274) that is linked to a proprietary masking peptide through a protease-cleavable + linker on the amino terminus of the light chain domain of the antibody, with + potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration + of pacmilimab, the linkage system is stable in the circulation and, upon extravasation + into the tumor microenvironment, the peptide mask is cleaved by tumor-associated + proteases. These proteases are present in high concentrations and aberrantly + activated in the tumor microenvironment, while expressed as inactive forms, + at much lower concentrations, in normal, healthy tissue. Protease cleavage of + the linker enables binding of the unmasked, fully active monoclonal antibody + moiety of CX-072 to PD-L1, which is over expressed on certain cancer cells. + This blocks the binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death + 1 (PD-1) on T-lymphocytes, thereby enhancing the T-cell-mediated anti-tumor + immune response and reversing PD-L1/PD-1-mediated T-cell suppression. PD-L1 + binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune + evasion. Compared to the unmodified PD-L1 antibody, peptide masking of CX-072 + minimizes binding to PD-L1 in normal tissues, thereby decreasing autoimmune-based + side effects while retaining anti-tumor activity. + termDef: + term: >- + Pacmilimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C132192" + term_id: C132192 + term_version: 20.10d + +pafah1b2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in lipid metabolism. + termDef: + term: >- + PAFAH1B2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97894" + term_id: C97894 + term_version: 20.10d + +palb2: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in the repair of DNA damage that is resolved by recombination. + termDef: + term: >- + PALB2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C84945" + term_id: C84945 + term_version: 20.10d + +pamrevlumab: + common: + description: >- + A human monoclonal antibody targeting connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) + with potential anti-fibrotic and antineoplastic activities. Pamrevlumab binds + to CTGF thereby preventing the binding of the ligand to the receptor and subsequent + receptor activation. As CTGF enhances the production of collagen and fibronectin, + FG-319 may prevent and reverse fibrosis. In addition, FG-3019 may prevent tumor + cell proliferation in CTGF-expressing tumor cells. CTGF, a member of the CCN + family (CTGF, CYR61/CEF and NOV), is expressed in a variety of tumor cell types + and is involved in processes such as cell proliferation, cell migration, cell + adhesion, differentiation and angiogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + Pamrevlumab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C92577" + term_id: C92577 + term_version: 20.10d + +pankras_inhibitor_bi_1701963: + common: + description: >- + An orally available protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitor that targets + the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Son of sevenless homolog 1 (SOS1), with + potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-KRAS inhibitor + BI 1701963 selectively targets and binds to SOS1, thereby preventing the interaction + of SOS1 with Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) in the guanosine + diphosphate (GDP)-bound 'off' state, which is the inactivated state of KRAS. + This abrogates the exchange of RAS-bound GDP for guanosine triphosphate (GTP) + and prevents the formation of GTP-loaded KRAS, which is the activated 'on' state + of KRAS. This prevents activation of downstream RAF/mitogen-activated protein + kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway + by GTP-loaded KRAS. This inhibits mutant KRAS-dependent signaling and may inhibit + growth and survival of KRAS-expressing tumor cells. KRAS is a member of the + RAS family of oncogenes that is mutated in many cancer cell types. Mutations + of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell proliferation, + survival, invasion, and metastasis. SOS1 regulates the KRAS GDP-GTP cycle and + promotes nucleotide exchange and formation of 'active' KRAS-GTP. + termDef: + term: >- + Pan-KRAS Inhibitor BI 1701963 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166138" + term_id: C166138 + term_version: 20.10d + +panmutationselective_egfr_inhibitor_cln081: + common: + description: >- + An orally available selective inhibitor of a broad spectrum of epidermal growth + factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, including EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations + (EGFR Ex20ins; Ex20ins mutations), with potential antineoplastic activity. CLN-081 + is also active against other EGFR mutations including exon 19 deletions (exon19del), + L858R, and T790M, as well as the less common G719X, L861Q and S768I mutations. + Upon administration, the pan-mutation-selective EGFR inhibitor CLN-081 specifically + and covalently binds to and inhibits a variety of EGFR mutations, with particularly + high selectivity against EGFR Ex20ins, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling + and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some + other EGFR inhibitors, CLN-081 may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with + EGFR Ex20ins, as most EGFR mutant-selective inhibitors are not active against + EGFR Ex20ins. This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type EGFR (wt EGFR), + and does not cause dose-limiting toxicities that occur during the use of non-selective + EGFR inhibitors, which also inhibit wt EGFR. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase + mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation + and tumor vascularization. + termDef: + term: >- + Pan-mutation-selective EGFR Inhibitor CLN-081 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165567" + term_id: C165567 + term_version: 20.10d + +pantrk_inhibitor_nov1601: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, selective pan-tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor + kinase; TRK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, + pan-TRK inhibitor NOV1601 specifically targets and binds to TRK, TRK mutations + and fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine receptor + kinase (NTRK) types 1 (NTRK1; TrkA), 2 (NTRK2; TrkB), and 3 (NTRK3; TrkC). This + inhibits neurotrophin-TRK interaction and TRK activation, thereby preventing + the activation of downstream signaling pathways and resulting in both the induction + of cellular apoptosis and the inhibition of cell growth in tumors that overexpress + TRK and/or express NTRK fusion proteins. TRK, a family of receptor tyrosine + kinases (RTKs) activated by neurotrophins, is encoded by NTRK family genes. + The expression of either mutated forms of, or fusion proteins involving, NTRK + family members results in uncontrolled TRK signaling, which plays an important + role in tumor cell growth, survival, invasion and treatment resistance. + termDef: + term: >- + Pan-TRK Inhibitor NOV1601 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172394" + term_id: C172394 + term_version: 20.10d + +panulisib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mammalian + target of rapamycin (mTOR), activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK-1) and DNA-dependent + protein kinase (DNA-PK), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. + Upon oral administration, panulisib inhibits the activity of all four kinases. + This prevents PI3K/mTOR and ALK-1-mediated signaling pathways and may lead to + the inhibition of cancer cell growth in PI3K/mTOR-overexpressing tumor cells + and angiogenesis in ALK-1-overexpressing endothelial cells. Also, by inhibiting + DNA-PK, this agent inhibits the ability of tumor cells to repair damaged DNA. + The PI3K/mTOR pathway is upregulated in a variety of tumors and plays an important + role in regulating cancer cell proliferation, growth, and survival. ALK-1, a + member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b) type I receptor family, + is overexpressed on endothelial cells in a variety of tumor types and increases + endothelial cell proliferation and migration. DNA-PK is activated upon DNA damage + and plays a key role in repairing double-stranded DNA breaks. + termDef: + term: >- + Panulisib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C104292" + term_id: C104292 + term_version: 20.10d + +papillary_renal_cell: + common: + description: >- + Also known as chromophil carcinoma, it represents a minority of renal cell carcinomas. + It can be hereditary or sporadic. The sporadic papillary renal cell carcinoma + is characterized by trisomy of chromosomes 7, 16, and 17, and loss of chromosome + Y. The peak incidence is in the sixth and seven decades. It is classified as + type 1 or 2, based on the cytoplasmic volume and the thickness of the lining + neoplastic cells. The prognosis is more favorable than for conventional (clear + cell) renal cell carcinoma. + termDef: + term: >- + Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C6975" + term_id: C6975 + term_version: 20.10d + +papillary_nos: + common: + description: >- + A morphologic finding indicating the presence of a cellular infiltrate with + papillary growth in a tissue sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Papillary Pattern + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C35911" + term_id: C35911 + term_version: 20.10d + +paraaortic: + common: + description: >- + A lymph node located adjacent to the lumbar region of the spine. + termDef: + term: >- + Paraaortic Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C77643" + term_id: C77643 + term_version: 20.10d + +parotid: + common: + description: >- + A lymph node located close to, on, or within the parotid gland. + termDef: + term: >- + Parotid Gland Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C33278" + term_id: C33278 + term_version: 20.10d + +parp_12_inhibitor_imp4297: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase + (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, + PARP 1/2 inhibitor IMP4297 selectively binds to PARP 1 and 2 and prevents PARP-mediated + DNA repair of single-strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. + This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability + and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation + of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged + DNA and is activated by single-strand DNA breaks. + termDef: + term: >- + PARP 1/2 Inhibitor IMP4297 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168601" + term_id: C168601 + term_version: 20.10d + +parp_inhibitor_nms03305293: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase + (PARP) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PARP inhibitor + NMS-03305293 selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair + of single-strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances + the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and eventually + leads to apoptosis. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear + proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA and is + activated by single-strand DNA breaks. + termDef: + term: >- + PARP Inhibitor NMS-03305293 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167278" + term_id: C167278 + term_version: 20.10d + +parptankyrase_inhibitor_2x121: + common: + description: >- + An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly (ADP-ribose) + polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, + E7449 selectively binds to PARP 1 and 2, thereby preventing the repair of damaged + DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway. This agent enhances the accumulation + of single and double strand DNA breaks and promotes genomic instability eventually + leading to apoptosis. PARP 1/2 inhibitor E7449 may enhance the cytotoxicity + of DNA-damaging agents and of radiotherapy. PARP catalyzes post-translational + ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins + to repair damaged DNA. + termDef: + term: >- + PARP/Tankyrase Inhibitor 2X-121 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102746" + term_id: C102746 + term_version: 20.10d + +parp7_inhibitor_rbn2397: + common: + description: >- + An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) + polymerase (PARP) 7, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon oral administration, PARP7 inhibitor RBN-2397 selectively binds to PARP7 + and restores interferon (type 1) signaling. This may lead to the induction + of both innate and adaptive immune responses, and the inhibition of tumor growth + and proliferation. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear + proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA. + termDef: + term: >- + PARP7 Inhibitor RBN-2397 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170764" + term_id: C170764 + term_version: 20.10d + +parsaclisib: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential + antineoplastic activity. Parsaclisib inhibits the delta isoform of PI3K and + prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This both decreases + proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-delta-overexpressing tumor cells. + Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in hematopoietic + disease and cell lineages. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed + to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells. PI3K, an enzyme + often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation + and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Parsaclisib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C113434" + term_id: C113434 + term_version: 20.10d + +parsaclisib_hydrochloride: + common: + description: >- + The hydrochloride salt form of parsaclisib, an inhibitor of the delta isoform + of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. + Parsaclisib inhibits the delta isoform of PI3K and prevents the activation of + the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This both decreases proliferation and induces + cell death in PI3K-delta-overexpressing tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of + PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in hematopoietic disease and cell lineages. + The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling + in normal, non-neoplastic cells. PI3K, an enzyme often overexpressed in cancer + cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Parsaclisib Hydrochloride + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166387" + term_id: C166387 + term_version: 20.10d + +partial_methylation: + common: + description: >- + An indication that 10-90% of the CpG islands in a gene or gene promoter have + detectable methylation. + termDef: + term: >- + Partial DNA Methylation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165231" + term_id: C165231 + term_version: 20.10d + +partially_engineered_tregulatory_cell_donor_graft_trgft201: + common: + description: >- + A T-regulatory (Treg) cell donor graft that has been partially engineered by + depleting all the T-cells and then enriching the graft with infusions of conventional + T-cells and Tregs with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration + of the partially engineered T-regulatory cell donor graft TRGFT-201 following + myeloablation, the allograft may induce tolerance in patients undergoing allogeneic + hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) as treatment for hematologic + malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + Partially Engineered T-regulatory Cell Donor Graft TRGFT-201 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167207" + term_id: C167207 + term_version: 20.10d + +pathogenic: + common: + description: >- + A genetic variant that is known to directly contribute to the development of + disease. + termDef: + term: >- + Pathogenic Variant + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168799" + term_id: C168799 + term_version: 20.10d + +patritumab_deruxtecan: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of patritumab, a monoclonal antibody + directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor HER3 (ErbB3),linked + to the topoisomerase I inhibitor DX 8951, a semisynthetic, water-soluble derivative + of camptothecin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration + of patritumab deruxtecan, the patritumab moiety targets and binds to HER3. After + internalization, DX 8951 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the + complex between topoisomerase I and DNA and inhibiting religation of DNA breaks, + thereby inhibiting DNA replication and triggering apoptotic cell death. HER3, + a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine + kinases, is frequently overexpressed in tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + Patritumab Deruxtecan + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C136987" + term_id: C136987 + term_version: 20.10d + +patz1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + PATZ1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97876" + term_id: C97876 + term_version: 20.10d + +pax3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the transcriptional activation of target genes. It + is involved in melanogenesis, neurogenesis and skeletal muscle development. + termDef: + term: >- + PAX3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24658" + term_id: C24658 + term_version: 20.10d + +pax5: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the transcriptional regulation of target genes. It + plays a role in B-cell differentiation, neural development and spermatogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + PAX5 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24659" + term_id: C24659 + term_version: 20.10d + +pax7: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the transcriptional regulation of target genes. It + is involved in pattern formation during embryogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + PAX7 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24660" + term_id: C24660 + term_version: 20.10d + +pax8: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in thyroid development and transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + PAX8 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97687" + term_id: C97687 + term_version: 20.10d + +paxalisib: + common: + description: >- + A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic + activity. paxalisib specifically inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein + kinase B) signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the activation of the PI3K signaling + pathway. This may result in the inhibition of both cell growth and survival + in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway + is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may + contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents. + termDef: + term: >- + Paxalisib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C116877" + term_id: C116877 + term_version: 20.10d + +pbrm1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in chromatin remodeling. + termDef: + term: >- + PBRM1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95438" + term_id: C95438 + term_version: 20.10d + +pbx1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the modulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + PBX1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97317" + term_id: C97317 + term_version: 20.10d + +pcbp1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in RNA splicing. + termDef: + term: >- + PCBP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95865" + term_id: C95865 + term_version: 20.10d + +pcm1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in centrosome formation. + termDef: + term: >- + PCM1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97900" + term_id: C97900 + term_version: 20.10d + +pcr: + common: + description: >- + A method for amplifying a DNA base sequence using multiple rounds of heat denaturation + of the DNA and annealing of oligonucleotide primers complementary to flanking + regions in the presence of a heat-stable polymerase. This results in duplication + of the targeted DNA region. Newly synthesized DNA strands can subsequently serve + as additional templates for the same primer sequences, so that successive rounds + of primer annealing, strand elongation, and dissociation produce rapid and highly + specific amplification of the desired sequence. PCR also can be used to detect + the existence of the defined sequence in a DNA sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Polymerase Chain Reaction + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17003" + term_id: C17003 + term_version: 20.10d + +pdl1_inhibitor_gs4224: + common: + description: >- + An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the immunosuppressive ligand + programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), + with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, anti-viral and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, PD-L1 inhibitor GS-4224 specifically targets PD-L1 expressed + on tumor cells preventing the binding and subsequent activation of its receptor, + programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses + T-cell inactivation caused by PD-L1/PD-1 signaling, increases T-cell expansion + and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response + against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. It may also enhance hepatitis B virus + (HBV)-specific CD8+ T-cell function, thereby killing HBV-infected cells. PD-L1, + a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is overexpressed in + some cancer types and plays a significant role in immune evasion by tumor cells. + It is also upregulated in HBV-positive patients and contributes to immune dysfunction + against HBV infection. + termDef: + term: >- + PD-L1 Inhibitor GS-4224 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170900" + term_id: C170900 + term_version: 20.10d + +pdl141bbhsa_trispecific_fusion_protein_nm211480: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant, trispecific monovalent antibody-based molecule targeting the + human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor + receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9) and human serum albumin (HSA), with + potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. + PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA trispecific fusion protein NM21-1480 consists of three monovalent + antibody Fvs specific for PD-L1, HSA and 4-1BB fused in a single chain. Upon + administration, PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA trispecific fusion protein NM21-1480 simultaneously + targets and binds to a membrane-distal epitope of 4-1BB, which is expressed + on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes, and PD-L1 + expressed on tumor cells. The simultaneous binding to PD-L1 enables clustering + of 4-1BB and thereby allows for conditional stimulation of 4-1BB signaling in + the tumor microenvironment (TME) only upon binding to PD-L1 on tumor cells. + 4-1BB activation results in T-cell stimulation and enhances T-lymphocyte-mediated + anti-tumor activity. At the same time, NM21-1480 prevents PD-L1 from binding + to and activating its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; + programmed death-1). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific + T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which + may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated + T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses + the immune system and results in immune evasion. 4-1BB, a surface glycoprotein + of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory + receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic + activity. HSA fusion prolongs the half-life of NM21-1480. The conditional activation + of 4-1BB signaling prevents systemic T-cell activation and lowers toxicity. + termDef: + term: >- + PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA Trispecific Fusion Protein NM21-1480 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174020" + term_id: C174020 + term_version: 20.10d + +pdcd1lg2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of T-cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + PDCD1LG2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C45437" + term_id: C45437 + term_version: 20.10d + +pde4dip: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in protein complex localization. + termDef: + term: >- + PDE4DIP Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97718" + term_id: C97718 + term_version: 20.10d + +pdgfb: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cellular growth and proliferation. It is also plays + a role in intercellular signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + PDGFB Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18278" + term_id: C18278 + term_version: 20.10d + +pdgfra: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in mitogenic activities affecting mesenchymal cells and + is involved in receptor tyrosine kinase signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + PDGFRA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24666" + term_id: C24666 + term_version: 20.10d + +pdgfrb: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in mitogenic activities affecting mesenchymal cells and + a translocation in the gene results in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. + termDef: + term: >- + PDGFRB Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24667" + term_id: C24667 + term_version: 20.10d + +pegvorhyaluronidase_alfa: + common: + description: >- + A pegylated formulation of a recombinant form of human hyaluronidase with potential + antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, pegvorhyaluronidase alfa + degrades hyaluronic acid (HA) coating tumor cells, which may result in the inhibition + of tumor cell growth. In addition, the degradation of HA may result in a lowering + of the interstitial fluid pressure (IFP), allowing better penetration of chemotherapeutic + agents into the tumor bed. HA is a glycosaminoglycan found in the extracellular + matrix (ECM) that is frequently overproduced by various tumor cell types. The + presence of HA in tumors correlates with increased tumor cell growth, metastatic + potential, tumor progression, increased resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, + and an elevation in tumor IFP. + termDef: + term: >- + Pegvorhyaluronidase Alfa + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C82659" + term_id: C82659 + term_version: 20.10d + +pegylated_sn38_conjugate_plx038: + common: + description: >- + A pegylated conjugate of SN-38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin), a biologically + active metabolite of the prodrug irinotecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon administration, the proprietary linker slowly releases SN-38 from the pegylated + SN-38 conjugate PLX038. SN-38 binds to and inhibits topoisomerase I by stabilizing + the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks, + inhibition of DNA replication, and apoptosis. Compared with irinotecan, this + formulation allows higher accumulation in solid tumors due to its nanoparticle + size and long half-life. + termDef: + term: >- + Pegylated SN-38 Conjugate PLX038 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167334" + term_id: C167334 + term_version: 20.10d + +pelabresib: + common: + description: >- + A small molecule inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family + of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pelabresib + binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET + proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated + histone peptides. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention + of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition + of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of two bromodomains at + the N-terminus, the BET proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT) are transcriptional + regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth. + termDef: + term: >- + Pelabresib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C111901" + term_id: C111901 + term_version: 20.10d + +peposertib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) with + potential antineoplastic activity, and potential sensitizing and enhancing activities + for both chemo- and radiotherapies. Upon administration, peposertib binds to + and inhibits the activity of DNA-PK, thereby interfering with the non-homologous + end joining (NHEJ) process and preventing repair of DNA double strand breaks + (DSBs) caused by ionizing radiation or chemotherapeutic treatment. This increases + chemo- and radiotherapy cytotoxicity and leads to enhanced tumor cell death. + The enhanced ability of tumor cells to repair DSBs plays a major role in the + resistance of tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy; DNA-PK plays a key role + in the NHEJ pathway and DSB repair. + termDef: + term: >- + Peposertib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C120036" + term_id: C120036 + term_version: 20.10d + +per1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in circadian rhythm. + termDef: + term: >- + PER1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97721" + term_id: C97721 + term_version: 20.10d + +peritoneal_fluid: + common: + description: >- + The small amount of fluid that is generated in the abdominal cavity to lubricate + the peritoneum. + termDef: + term: >- + Peritoneal Fluid + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C77612" + term_id: C77612 + term_version: 20.10d + +personalized_and_adjusted_neoantigen_peptide_vaccine_pandavac: + common: + description: >- + A peptide-based, personalized cancer therapeutic vaccine consisting of up to + 8 patient-specific tumor peptides, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient's + tumor and identified through DNA and RNA sequencing of a patient's tumor cells, + combined with the immunostimulant polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stabilized + with polylysine and carboxymethylcellulose (poly-ICLC), with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, personalized and adjusted + neoantigen peptide vaccine PANDA-VAC stimulates the host immune system to mount + a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, + leading to tumor cell lysis. The adjuvant poly-ICLC is a ligand for toll-like + receptor-3 (TLR3) and induces the release of cytokines which may help to boost + the immune response against the selected neoantigens. The vaccine may be adjusted + after initial therapy according to sequencing data. + termDef: + term: >- + Personalized and Adjusted Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine PANDA-VAC + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173152" + term_id: C173152 + term_version: 20.10d + +personalized_neoantigen_dna_vaccine_gnospv01: + common: + description: >- + A personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific neoantigen-coding + DNA plasmids, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient's tumor, with + potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration + of GNOS-PV01, the patient-specific neoantigens are translated in cells and elicit + a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells + expressing these neoantigens, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Each patient specific + formulation may contain multiple DNA plasmids, and each plasmid may contain + multiple neoantigen DNA sequences, allowing the delivery of multiple neoantigen + DNA sequences simultaneously. + termDef: + term: >- + Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PV01 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171430" + term_id: C171430 + term_version: 20.10d + +personalized_neoantigen_dna_vaccine_gnospvo2: + common: + description: >- + A personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific neoantigen-coding + DNA plasmids, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient's tumor, with + potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal delivery + by electroporation of GNOS-PVO2, the patient-specific neoantigens are translated + in cells and elicit a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response + against tumor cells expressing these neoantigens, resulting in tumor cell lysis. + Each patient specific formulation may contain multiple DNA plasmids, and each + plasmid may contain multiple neoantigen DNA sequences, allowing the delivery + of multiple neoantigen DNA sequences simultaneously. + termDef: + term: >- + Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PVO2 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170950" + term_id: C170950 + term_version: 20.10d + +pgr: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the signal transduction processes that are involved + in pregnancy. + termDef: + term: >- + PGR Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C28656" + term_id: C28656 + term_version: 20.10d + +phf6: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + PHF6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101449" + term_id: C101449 + term_version: 20.10d + +photodynamic_compound_tld1433: + common: + description: >- + A non-toxic ruthenium-based coordination-complex and photosensitizer, with potential + antineoplastic activity upon photodynamic therapy (PDT). Upon intravesical administration, + light-activated photodynamic compound (PDC) TLD-1433 targets and binds to transferrin + (Tf) and is subsequently taken up by Tf receptors which are located on tumor + cells. Upon exposure to green light (525nm), TLD-1433 becomes activated locally + and induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and singlet oxygen. + The release of free radicals may induce apoptosis and destroy the tumor cells. + Cancer cells have many more Tf receptors than normal cells + termDef: + term: >- + Photodynamic Compound TLD-1433 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172822" + term_id: C172822 + term_version: 20.10d + +phox2b: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + PHOX2B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97724" + term_id: C97724 + term_version: 20.10d + +picalm: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in receptor mediated endocytosis. + termDef: + term: >- + PICALM Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C84434" + term_id: C84434 + term_version: 20.10d + +pik3ca: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in apoptosis, cell growth and angiogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + PIK3CA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21220" + term_id: C21220 + term_version: 20.10d + +pik3cb: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in apoptosis, cell growth and angiogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + PIK3CB Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24672" + term_id: C24672 + term_version: 20.10d + +pik3r1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in phosphoinositol signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + PIK3R1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97733" + term_id: C97733 + term_version: 20.10d + +pim1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation and signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + PIM1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18337" + term_id: C18337 + term_version: 20.10d + +pimitespib: + common: + description: >- + A specific inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) subtypes alpha and beta, + with potential antineoplastic and chemo/radiosensitizing activities. Upon oral + administration, pimitespib specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of + Hsp90 alpha and beta; this results in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic + client proteins, which inhibits client protein dependent-signaling, induces + apoptosis, and inhibits the proliferation of cells overexpressing HSP90alpha/beta. + Hsp90, a family of molecular chaperone proteins that are upregulated in a variety + of tumor cells, plays a key role in the conformational maturation, stability, + and function of "client" proteins within the cell,; many of which are involved + in signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, including kinases, + cell-cycle regulators, transcription factors and hormone receptors. As TAS-116 + selectively inhibits cytosolic HSP90alpha and beta only and does not inhibit + HSP90 paralogs, such as endoplasmic reticulum GRP94 or mitochondrial TRAP1, + this agent may have less off-target toxicity as compared to non-selective HSP90 + inhibitors. + termDef: + term: >- + Pimitespib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C134448" + term_id: C134448 + term_version: 20.10d + +pimurutamab: + common: + description: >- + A glycoengineered humanized version of the monoclonal antibody of cetuximab, + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, pimurutamab + selectively targets and binds to the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth + factor receptor (EGFR), thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization + of the receptor. This may prevent EGFR-mediated signaling and inhibit EGFR-dependent + tumor cell proliferation. In addition, the glyco-optimization promotes antibody-dependent + cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor + family of extracellular protein ligands, may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces + of certain tumor types. + termDef: + term: >- + Pimurutamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C163981" + term_id: C163981 + term_version: 20.10d + +pinatuzumab_vedotin: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of MCDT2219A, a humanized IgG1 anti-CD22 + monoclonal antibody covalently linked, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, + to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule + disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, + the monoclonal antibody moiety of pinatuzumab vedotin binds to B cell-specific + CD22 receptors and is rapidly internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. + Upon proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, + resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. CD22, a cell surface + glycoprotein, is expressed on mature B-cells and on most malignant B-cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Pinatuzumab Vedotin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C104167" + term_id: C104167 + term_version: 20.10d + +pixatimod: + common: + description: >- + A synthetic heparan sulfate mimetic with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic + activity. Pixatimod inhibits the cleavage of heparan sulfate from cell surface + proteoglycan by heparanase and thus inhibits the neovascularization induced + by interaction between heparan sulfate and other extracellular matrix proteins. + In this manner, this agent may have the potential to slow the progression of + growth of solid tumors. + termDef: + term: >- + Pixatimod + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95202" + term_id: C95202 + term_version: 20.10d + +plag1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cellular proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + PLAG1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C71423" + term_id: C71423 + term_version: 20.10d + +plamotamab: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific, Fc domain-containing, monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic + activity. Plamotamab contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, + a T cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen + (TAA) that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell + development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, + plamotamab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. + The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) + response against the CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. Inclusion of an Fc domain + on the antibody prolongs the half-life of the bispecific antibody and enhances + T-cell-mediated tumor cell killing because the agent is able to bind to Fc receptors. + termDef: + term: >- + Plamotamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C130050" + term_id: C130050 + term_version: 20.10d + +plasma: + common: + description: >- + Plasma is the fluid (noncellular) portion of the circulating blood, as distinguished + from the serum that is the fluid portion of the blood obtained by removal of + the fibrin clot and blood cells after coagulation. + termDef: + term: >- + Plasma + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13356" + term_id: C13356 + term_version: 20.10d + +plasmid_dna_vaccine_pinghher3fl: + common: + description: >- + A plasmid DNA cancer vaccine encoding the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human + epidermal growth factor receptor type-3 (HER-3; HER3), with potential antineoplastic + and immunomodulating activities. Upon intramuscular administration of the plasmid + DNA vaccine pING-hHER3FL and after cellular uptake by muscle cells, the plasmid + DNA expresses HER-3 which, may elicit both antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL) and humoral immune responses against tumor cells expressing HER-3. HER-3 + plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and its overexpression is associated + with poor prognosis. HER-3 is associated with tumor cell resistance to anti-HER-2 + therapeutics. + termDef: + term: >- + Plasmid DNA Vaccine pING-hHER3FL + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171387" + term_id: C171387 + term_version: 20.10d + +platelets: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the number of platelets in a biospecimen. + termDef: + term: >- + Platelet Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C51951" + term_id: C51951 + term_version: 20.10d + +plcg1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both intracellular signaling and second messenger production. + termDef: + term: >- + PLCG1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C104821" + term_id: C104821 + term_version: 20.10d + +pleural_fluid: + common: + description: >- + The fluid that is ordinarily present in the pleural space. It allows for normal + movement of the lungs during respiration. + termDef: + term: >- + Pleural Fluid + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C77613" + term_id: C77613 + term_version: 20.10d + +pml: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in tumor suppression and is involved in the regulation + of p53 in response to oncogenic signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + PML Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24686" + term_id: C24686 + term_version: 20.10d + +pms1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in mismatch repair and mutations in the gene result in + hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer 3. + termDef: + term: >- + PMS1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18590" + term_id: C18590 + term_version: 20.10d + +pms2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in mismatch repair and mutations in the gene result in + hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer 4. + termDef: + term: >- + PMS2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18591" + term_id: C18591 + term_version: 20.10d + +pngvl4acrte6e7l2_dna_vaccine: + common: + description: >- + A therapeutic DNA vaccine encoding human calreticulin (CRT) linked to human + papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E6, E7, and L2 proteins, with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration via intramuscular injection + with electroporation, the pNGVL4a-CRT-E6E7L2 DNA vaccine expresses HPV16 E6, + E7 and L2 proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response + and humoral immune responses against tumor cells expressing these proteins, + resulting in tumor cell lysis and tumor cell death. In addition, HPV16 L2-specific + neutralizing antibody may prevent a broad spectrum of HPV infections and HPV-associated + cancers. The heat shock protein CRT may potentiate MHC class I presentation + to antigen-specific CD8-positive T-cells, enhancing the induction of cellular + immunity and the potency of the vaccine. + termDef: + term: >- + pNGVL4a-CRT-E6E7L2 DNA Vaccine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175536" + term_id: C175536 + term_version: 20.10d + +pngvl4asige7detoxhsp70_dna_and_hpv16_l2e6e7_fusion_protein_tacin_vaccine_pvx2: + common: + description: >- + A cancer vaccine consisting of a combination of two vaccines, a prime pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 + DNA vaccine and a boost HPV16 L2/E6/E7 fusion protein TA-CIN vaccine, with potential + immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 + DNA vaccine is an antigen-specific DNA cancer vaccine consisting of the coding + sequences of a signal peptide (pNGVL4a-Sig), a detox form of the human papillomavirus + type 16 (HPV-16) antigen E7, and the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Upon administration, + this prime vaccine may generate potent cytotoxic CD8(+) T-cell responses against + E7-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell death. HPV16 L2/E6/E7 fusion + protein TA-CIN vaccine is a recombinant human papillomavirus (HPV), genetically + engineered fusion protein vaccine in which the three HPV16 viral proteins L2, + E6 and E7 are fused together in a single tandem fusion protein (TA-CIN; HPV16 + L2\E6\E7). Upon administration, this boost vaccine may stimulate the immune + system to generate HPV16 E6\E7-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses as well + as the induction of L2-specific antibodies. In addition, this vaccine may prevent + infection and the development of other HPV16-associated diseases. L2, a minor + viral capsid protein, is able to induce a strong antibody response against certain + HPV types. + termDef: + term: >- + pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 DNA and HPV16 L2/E6/E7 Fusion Protein TA-CIN Vaccine + PVX-2 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172205" + term_id: C172205 + term_version: 20.10d + +pold1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in DNA replication and proofreading. + termDef: + term: >- + POLD1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C106224" + term_id: C106224 + term_version: 20.10d + +pole: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both DNA replication and DNA base-excision repair. + termDef: + term: >- + POLE Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C106232" + term_id: C106232 + term_version: 20.10d + +polg: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the replication of mitochondrial DNA. + termDef: + term: >- + POLG Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143069" + term_id: C143069 + term_version: 20.10d + +polq: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in DNA synthesis and repair. + termDef: + term: >- + POLQ Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C131801" + term_id: C131801 + term_version: 20.10d + +polymerconjugated_il15_receptor_agonist_nktr255: + common: + description: >- + A long-acting formulation composed of the human cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) + that is conjugated by polymers, with potential immunomodulating and anti-tumor + activities. Upon administration of polymer-conjugated IL-15 receptor agonist + NKTR-255, the IL-15 moiety targets and binds to the alpha subunit of the IL-15 + receptor on natural killer (NK) and T-cells, thereby activating the IL-15-mediated + pathway. This leads to the expansion and activation of natural killer (NK) cells + and memory CD8+ T-cells, thereby enhancing the anti-tumor activity of NKs and + long-term memory T-lymphocyte immune responses. This may increase tumor cell + killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. In addition, NKTR-255 may, when + combined with a tumor-directed antibody, enhance the antibody-dependent cell-mediated + cytotoxicity (ADCC) mechanism. IL-15 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays + a key role in the regulation of T- and NK cell activation, proliferation and + promotion of their anti-tumor effects. Compared to IL-15 alone, the polymer + formulation allows for increased retention at the tumor site and reduced clearance, + thereby increasing the effect of IL-15. + termDef: + term: >- + Polymer-conjugated IL-15 Receptor Agonist NKTR-255 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165666" + term_id: C165666 + term_version: 20.10d + +popliteal: + common: + description: >- + Lymph node located within the fat layer of the knee joint. + termDef: + term: >- + Popliteal Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C53146" + term_id: C53146 + term_version: 20.10d + +porcupine_inhibitor_xnw7201: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon oral administration, PORCN inhibitor XNW7201 targets, binds to + and inhibits PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which blocks post-translational + acylation of Wnt ligands and inhibits their secretion. This prevents the activation + of Wnt ligands, interferes with Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibits cell growth + in Wnt-driven tumors. PORCN, a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT), is + required for the palmitoylation of Wnt ligands, and plays a key role in Wnt + ligand secretion and activity. Wnt signaling is dysregulated in a variety of + cancers and plays a key role in cancer cell survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Porcupine Inhibitor XNW7201 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172189" + term_id: C172189 + term_version: 20.10d + +positive: + common: + description: >- + A finding of abnormality following an examination or observation confirming + something, such as the presence of a disease, condition, or microorganism. + termDef: + term: >- + Positive Finding + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38758" + term_id: C38758 + term_version: 20.10d + +pot1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of telomere length. + termDef: + term: >- + POT1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C107655" + term_id: C107655 + term_version: 20.10d + +pou2af1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both humoral immunity and transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + POU2AF1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97730" + term_id: C97730 + term_version: 20.10d + +pou5f1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in early mammalian development. + termDef: + term: >- + POU5F1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C61140" + term_id: C61140 + term_version: 20.10d + +ppar_alpha_antagonist_tpst1120: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, small molecule, selective and competitive antagonist + of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARa), with potential + immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, TPST-1120 + targets, binds to and blocks the activity of PPARa, thereby blocking transcription + of PPARa target genes leading to an intracellular metabolism shift from fatty + acid oxidation (FAO) to glycolysis in FAO-dependent tumors and reducing the + production of fatty acids in the tumor microenvironment (TME). As fatty acids + are essential for tumor cell growth in FAO-dependent tumor cells and are needed + for the metabolism of suppressive immune cells in the TME, including regulatory + T-cells (Tregs), reducing the amount of fatty acids leads to a direct killing + of FAO-dependent tumor cells. It also skews macrophages from the immune suppressive + M2 phenotype to an effector M1 phenotype and facilitates the cytotoxicity of + immune effector cells, thereby stimulating an anti-tumor immune response and + further killing tumor cells. TPST-1120 also restores the natural inhibitor of + angiogenesis thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) + in the TME. PPARa, a ligand-activated nuclear transcription factor and metabolic + checkpoint, regulates the expression of FAO genes and lipid metabolism. It plays + a key role in immunosuppression in the TME. FAO is a metabolic pathway essential + to tumor growth, survival and immunosuppression. + termDef: + term: >- + PPAR Alpha Antagonist TPST-1120 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C169105" + term_id: C169105 + term_version: 20.10d + +pparg: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a regulatory role in adipocyte differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + PPARG Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24689" + term_id: C24689 + term_version: 20.10d + +ppfibp1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in protein-protein interactions and cell-matrix adhesion. + termDef: + term: >- + PPFIBP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101494" + term_id: C101494 + term_version: 20.10d + +ppm1d: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the modulation of cell cycle arrest. + termDef: + term: >- + PPM1D Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C88179" + term_id: C88179 + term_version: 20.10d + +ppp2r1a: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of cell growth and division. + termDef: + term: >- + PPP2R1A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C92536" + term_id: C92536 + term_version: 20.10d + +ppp6c: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both protein dephosphorylation and signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + PPP6C Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102901" + term_id: C102901 + term_version: 20.10d + +pralsetinib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of mutant forms of and fusion products + involving the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase RET, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, pralsetinib binds to and targets various RET + mutants and RET-containing fusion product. RET gene mutations and translocations + result in the upregulation and/or activation of RET tyrosine kinase activity + in various cancer cell types; dysregulation of RET activity plays a key role + in the development and regression of these cancers. + termDef: + term: >- + Pralsetinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C132295" + term_id: C132295 + term_version: 20.10d + +praluzatamab_ravtansine: + common: + description: >- + A probody drug conjugate (PDC) composed of a recombinant antibody targeting + the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD166, which is masked by a cleavable masking + peptide, and conjugated to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid DM4, with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of praluzatamab ravtansine and + migration to the tumor microenvironment (TME), the cleavable masking peptide, + which prevent anti-CD166 antibody binding to the CD166 expressed on both normal + cells and tumor cells, is proteolytically cleaved by tumor-associated proteases + that are specifically present in the TME. This enables the anti-CD166 antibody + moiety of CX-2009 to selectively bind to, be internalized by, and deliver DM4 + into CD166-expressing tumor cells. Following internalization, DM4 is released, + binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting + in inhibition of cell division and cell growth of CD166-expressing tumor cells. + The masking peptide prevents binding of the anti-CD166 antibody to CD166 in + normal tissues, thereby minimizing toxicities. + termDef: + term: >- + Praluzatamab Ravtansine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C134697" + term_id: C134697 + term_version: 20.10d + +prcc: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + PRCC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C70994" + term_id: C70994 + term_version: 20.10d + +prdm1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in repression of transcription. It plays a role in the + formation of pre-plasma memory B cells and immunoglobulin-secreting plasma cells. + termDef: + term: >- + PRDM1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24692" + term_id: C24692 + term_version: 20.10d + +prdm16: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both transcriptional regulation and adipocyte differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + PRDM16 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97736" + term_id: C97736 + term_version: 20.10d + +prdm2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both methylation of histone H3 and transcriptional + regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + PRDM2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143121" + term_id: C143121 + term_version: 20.10d + +prex2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in guanine nucleotide exchange. + termDef: + term: >- + PREX2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102517" + term_id: C102517 + term_version: 20.10d + +prf1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cytolysis. + termDef: + term: >- + PRF1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97739" + term_id: C97739 + term_version: 20.10d + +prkaca: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of diverse cell processes including + cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and motility. + termDef: + term: >- + PRKACA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38409" + term_id: C38409 + term_version: 20.10d + +prkar1a: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of protein kinase A. + termDef: + term: >- + PRKAR1A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97742" + term_id: C97742 + term_version: 20.10d + +prkcb: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in diverse cell processes such as apoptosis, B cell activation + and endothelial cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + PRKCB Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C39597" + term_id: C39597 + term_version: 20.10d + +prmt5_inhibitor_prt811: + common: + description: >- + An orally available small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase + 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Upon + oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor PRT811 selectively binds to PRMT5 and inhibits + its function. By inhibiting its methyltransferase activity, levels of both monomethylated + and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 are decreased. + This modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes, + including cellular proliferation. This may increase the expression of antiproliferative + genes and/or decrease the expression of genes that promote cell proliferation, + which may lead to decreased growth of rapidly proliferating cells, including + cancer cells. PRMT5, a type II methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation + of both omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (sDMA) + on histones and a variety of other protein substrates involved in signal transduction + and cellular transcription, is overexpressed in several neoplasms. Elevated + levels are associated with decreased patient survival. + termDef: + term: >- + PRMT5 Inhibitor PRT811 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168531" + term_id: C168531 + term_version: 20.10d + +prolgolimab: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell + receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential + immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + prolgolimab binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. + This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated + immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin + superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that + negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated + by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays + an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + Prolgolimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148155" + term_id: C148155 + term_version: 20.10d + +prolymphocytes: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the number of prolymphocytes in a blood sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Prolymphocyte Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C74620" + term_id: C74620 + term_version: 20.10d + +promonocytes: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the number of promonocytes in a blood sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Promonocyte Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C74621" + term_id: C74621 + term_version: 20.10d + +promyelocytes: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the number of promyelocytes present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Promyelocyte Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C74622" + term_id: C74622 + term_version: 20.10d + +prostaglandin_e2_ep4_receptor_inhibitor_an0025: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor type + 4 (EP4; EP-4), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon oral administration, AN0025 selectively targets, binds to and blocks the + activity of immunosuppressive tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs) in the + microenvironment. This abolishes TAMC-dependent immunosuppression and reduces + tumor cell proliferation. The presence of immunosuppressive myeloid cells in + certain tumors is associated with a poor prognosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Prostaglandin E2 EP4 Receptor Inhibitor AN0025 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C129689" + term_id: C129689 + term_version: 20.10d + +prostatespecific_antigen_psa: + common: + description: >- + Prostate-specific antigen (261 aa, ~29 kDa) is encoded by the human KLK3 gene. + This protein plays a role in both proteolysis and seminal fluid liquefaction. + termDef: + term: >- + Prostate-Specific Antigen + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17525" + term_id: C17525 + term_version: 20.10d + +protein: + common: + description: >- + A group of complex organic macromolecules composed of one or more chains (linear + polymers) of alpha-L-amino acids linked by peptide bonds and ranging in size + from a few thousand to over 1 million Daltons. Proteins are fundamental genetically + encoded components of living cells with specific structures and functions dictated + by amino acid sequence. + termDef: + term: >- + Protein + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17021" + term_id: C17021 + term_version: 20.10d + +protein_altering_variant: + common: + description: >- + A point mutation occurring within the protein-coding region of a gene, and which + codes for a different amino acid than expected. + termDef: + term: >- + Missense Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18133" + term_id: C18133 + term_version: 20.10d + +protein_tyrosine_kinase_2_inhibitor_in10018: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the non-receptor, cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase + protein tyrosine kinase 2 (focal adhesion kinase 1; FAK1; FAK: PTK2) with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, IN10018 targets and inhibits, + in an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-competitive manner, PTK2. This prevents PTK2-mediated + downstream signaling and inhibits migration, proliferation, invasion, and survival + in PTK2-overexpressing tumor cells. The cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase PTK2, a + signal transducer for integrins overexpressed in various tumor cell types, is + involved in tumor cell invasion, migration and proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + Protein Tyrosine Kinase 2 Inhibitor IN10018 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166122" + term_id: C166122 + term_version: 20.10d + +prpf40b: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in mRNA splicing. + termDef: + term: >- + PRPF40B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143090" + term_id: C143090 + term_version: 20.10d + +prrx1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both transcriptional regulation and muscle cell development. + termDef: + term: >- + PRRX1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98030" + term_id: C98030 + term_version: 20.10d + +psip1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in regulation of transcription. It also plays a role in + mediation of pre-mRNA splicing. + termDef: + term: >- + PSIP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20676" + term_id: C20676 + term_version: 20.10d + +ptch1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in tumor suppression and mutations in this gene have been + associated with several cancers and cancer related diseases. + termDef: + term: >- + PTCH1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18255" + term_id: C18255 + term_version: 20.10d + +pten: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and apoptosis. It is also involved + in the regulation of cell cycle progression. + termDef: + term: >- + PTEN Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18256" + term_id: C18256 + term_version: 20.10d + +ptk6: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + PTK6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24701" + term_id: C24701 + term_version: 20.10d + +ptpn11: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of cell signaling. It is involved in + cell migration, metabolic control, mitogenic activation and gene transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + PTPN11 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26337" + term_id: C26337 + term_version: 20.10d + +ptpn13: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both protein dephosphorylation and signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + PTPN13 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C104212" + term_id: C104212 + term_version: 20.10d + +ptpn6: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways in hematopoietic + cells. + termDef: + term: >- + PTPN6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24708" + term_id: C24708 + term_version: 20.10d + +ptprb: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in dephosphorylation of proteins. + termDef: + term: >- + PTPRB Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122909" + term_id: C122909 + term_version: 20.10d + +ptprc: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in suppression of cytokine receptor signaling and the + regulation of signal transduction in lymphocytes. + termDef: + term: >- + PTPRC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24711" + term_id: C24711 + term_version: 20.10d + +ptprk: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in receptor signaling, cell-cell contact and cell migration. + termDef: + term: >- + PTPRK Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C106113" + term_id: C106113 + term_version: 20.10d + +ptprt: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the control of motor axon guidance. + termDef: + term: >- + PTPRT Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24716" + term_id: C24716 + term_version: 20.10d + +pwwp2a: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in protein-protein or protein-DNA interactions. + termDef: + term: >- + PWWP2A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122890" + term_id: C122890 + term_version: 20.10d + +pyruvate_kinase_m2_isoform_activator_tp1454: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable activator of pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2), with + potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, + PKM2 activator TP-1454 locks PKM2 into the active tetrameric form. This may + prevent the production of glycolytic intermediates by the less active dimer + form of PKM2, depleting the supply of glycolytic intermediates which are needed + for tumor cell growth. This may also inhibit immune suppression mediated by + the dimer form of PKM2. Altogether, this may slow tumor cell growth and enhance + anti-tumor immune responses, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. PKM2, + the predominant PK isoform found in tumor cells, is responsible for catalyzing + the last step of glycolysis. PKM2 plays a critical role in the metabolic changes + observed in cancer and immune cells and establishes a metabolic advantage for + tumor cells over the tumor immune microenvironment. + termDef: + term: >- + Pyruvate Kinase M2 Isoform Activator TP-1454 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175380" + term_id: C175380 + term_version: 20.10d + +qki: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both the biosynthesis and maintenance of mRNA. + termDef: + term: >- + QKI Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C111937" + term_id: C111937 + term_version: 20.10d + +rabep1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of both GTPase activity and endocytosis. + termDef: + term: >- + RABEP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97751" + term_id: C97751 + term_version: 20.10d + +rac1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both cell motility and signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + RAC1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C99663" + term_id: C99663 + term_version: 20.10d + +racemetyrosinemethoxsalenphenytoinsirolimus_sm88: + common: + description: >- + A combination agent containing racemetyrosine, methoxsalen, phenytoin and sirolimus, + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of racemetyrosine/methoxsalen/phenytoin/sirolimus + SM-88, racemetyrosine, being a dysfunctional and modified form of the non-essential + amino acid tyrosine, is specifically taken up by cancer cells through the transporter + L-amino acid transferase-1 (LAT1; CD98). As a tyrosine derivative and faulty + amino acid protein building block, racemetyrosine prevents protein synthesis + in cancer cells. Specifically, this prevents mucin-1 (MUC1) protein synthesis. + MUC1 is highly overexpressed by most cancer cells and regulates the increased + reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells created from the altered metabolism + that cancer cells utilize, by upregulating key antioxidant defenses and preventing + ROS-mediated apoptosis. In the absence of MUC1, ROS levels are increased, leading + to an increase in oxidative stress, and induction of apoptosis. Also, being + a protective transmembrane protein, MUC1 is part of the protective layer on + the outside of cancer cells and plays a key role in shielding the cancer cell + from the immune system. The loss of MUC1 compromises the cell membrane, thereby + making the cancer cell more vulnerable to be recognized and attacked by the + immune system. Rapamycin, a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, + increases the cancer cells' need for tyrosine uptake and increases the uptake + of racemetyrosine by LAT1. Phenytoin stimulates the release of reactive lipid + species by the liver which accumulate in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and + are taken up by cancer cells, thereby further increasing ROS within the cancer + cell and increasing oxidative-related apoptosis. Mehoxsalen promotes toxic electron + transfer and increases melanin, increases oxidative reactions and production + of ROS. This further stimulates oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis. Normal + cells do not regularly take up certain non-essential amino acids, such as tyrosine, + but readily convert phenylalanine to tyrosine, so normal healthy cells are not + expected to consume racemetyrosine. + termDef: + term: >- + Racemetyrosine/Methoxsalen/Phenytoin/Sirolimus SM-88 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C124051" + term_id: C124051 + term_version: 20.10d + +rad21: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in chromosomal cohesion, DNA repair and apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + RAD21 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C93082" + term_id: C93082 + term_version: 20.10d + +rad51b: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the mediation of homologous recombinational repair + of DNA. + termDef: + term: >- + RAD51B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C90145" + term_id: C90145 + term_version: 20.10d + +radgocitabine: + common: + description: >- + An analogue of the nucleoside deoxycytidine with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon administration, radgocitabine is incorporated into DNA and directly inhibits + the activity of DNA polymerase, which may result in inhibition of DNA replication + and cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases, DNA fragmentation, and tumor + cell apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Radgocitabine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C82697" + term_id: C82697 + term_version: 20.10d + +radgocitabine_hydrochloride: + common: + description: >- + The hydrochloride salt form of radgocitabine, an analogue of the nucleoside + deoxycytidine with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, radgocitabine + is incorporated into DNA and directly inhibits the activity of DNA polymerase, + which may result in inhibition of DNA replication and cell cycle arrest in the + S and G2/M phases, DNA fragmentation, and tumor cell apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Radgocitabine Hydrochloride + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C150430" + term_id: C150430 + term_version: 20.10d + +radiation_hypofractionated: + common: + description: >- + Radiation treatment in which the total dose of radiation is divided into large + doses and treatments are given less than once a day. + termDef: + term: >- + Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C62726" + term_id: C62726 + term_version: 20.10d + +radiation_photon_beam: + common: + description: >- + Radiation therapy using photon beam. + termDef: + term: >- + Photon Beam Radiation Therapy + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C104914" + term_id: C104914 + term_version: 20.10d + +raf1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and migration. + It also plays a role in apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + RAF1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18338" + term_id: C18338 + term_version: 20.10d + +ragifilimab: + common: + description: >- + An anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (tumor necrosis + factor superfamily, member 18; TNFRSF18; GITR; CD357) agonistic humanized monoclonal + antibody, with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Ragifilimab + binds to and activates GITRs found on multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates + the immune system, induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor-antigen-specific + T effector cells (Teff), and suppresses the function of activated T regulatory + cells (Tregs). This leads to tumor cell eradication. GITR, a member of the TNF + receptor superfamily and T-cell receptor co-stimulator, is expressed on the + surface of multiple immune cell types, including Tregs, Teffs, B-cells, and + natural killer (NK) cells. Inappropriately activated Tregs suppress Teffs and + suppress T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + Ragifilimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C126643" + term_id: C126643 + term_version: 20.10d + +ralgds: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and cytoskeletal remodeling. It + is also involved in regulation of cell growth. + termDef: + term: >- + RALGDS Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24721" + term_id: C24721 + term_version: 20.10d + +ranbp2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both SUMOylation and nuclear transport. + termDef: + term: >- + RANBP2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C114452" + term_id: C114452 + term_version: 20.10d + +rap1gds1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in guanine nucleotide exchange. + termDef: + term: >- + RAP1GDS1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97758" + term_id: C97758 + term_version: 20.10d + +rara: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcription and retinoic acid receptor signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + RARA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21571" + term_id: C21571 + term_version: 20.10d + +rb1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of cell differentiation, growth and + proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + RB1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17360" + term_id: C17360 + term_version: 20.10d + +rbm10: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in RNA binding and processing. + termDef: + term: >- + RBM10 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C115382" + term_id: C115382 + term_version: 20.10d + +rbm15: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in RNA binding. + termDef: + term: >- + RBM15 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97293" + term_id: C97293 + term_version: 20.10d + +rearrangement: + common: + description: >- + Any change in the structure of one or more chromosomes. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosomal Rearrangement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C36541" + term_id: C36541 + term_version: 20.10d + +recombinant_bacterial_minicells_vax014: + common: + description: >- + A population of recombinant bacterial minicells (rBMCs) engineered to express + the alpha3beta1 (a3b1) and alpha5beta1 (a5b1) integrin-targeting invasion and + that contain a bacterial protein toxin, perfringolysin O (PFO), with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical administration, VAX014 selectively + targets and binds to tumor cells expressing un-ligated a3b1 and/or a5b1 integrins + and delivers PFO, leading to destabilization of tumor cell membranes and tumor + cell lysis. By targeting un-ligated a3b1 and/or a5b1 integrins, VAX014 selectively + targets tumor cells over normal cells, with potentially less adverse effects + in comparison with first generation integrin-targeted therapies. + termDef: + term: >- + Recombinant Bacterial Minicells VAX014 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170742" + term_id: C170742 + term_version: 20.10d + +recombinant_erwinia_asparaginase_jzp458: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant form of asparaginase (Erwinia asparaginase; crisantaspase) derived + from the bacterium Erwinia chrysanthemi, genetically engineered to be produced + in Pseudomonas fluorescens, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration + of recombinant Erwinia asparaginase JZP-458, the recombinant asparaginase hydrolyzes + L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia. This depletes cancer cells of asparagine, + which blocks protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation. Asparagine is critical + to protein synthesis in cancer cells, which cannot synthesize this amino acid + due to the absence of the enzyme asparagine synthase. JZP-458 can be used as + an alternative in patients who are hypersensitive to Escherichia (E.) coli-derived + asparaginase products. + termDef: + term: >- + Recombinant Erwinia asparaginase JZP-458 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167120" + term_id: C167120 + term_version: 20.10d + +recombinant_human_papillomavirus_11valent_vaccine: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant, 11-valent, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, produced in Hansenula + polymorpha, with potential immunoprotective and antineoplastic properties. Upon + administration, recombinant HPV 11-valent vaccine may generate humoral and cellular + immunity against the 11 undisclosed types of HPV antigens, thereby preventing + cervical infection upon exposure to these 11 types of HPV. In addition, this + agent may stimulate an antitumoral cellular immune response against cervical + cancer associated with HPV infection. + termDef: + term: >- + Recombinant Human Papillomavirus 11-valent Vaccine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168605" + term_id: C168605 + term_version: 20.10d + +recombinant_human_trailtrimer_fusion_protein_scb313: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant fusion protein composed of the human C-propeptide of alpha1(I) + collagen (Trimer-Tag) to the C-terminus of the mature human tumor necrosis factor + (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL; Apo2L), with potential pro-apoptotic + and antineoplastic activities. The binding of TRAIL to the Trimer-Tag allows + TRAIL to form a stable covalently-linked homotrimer. Upon administration of + recombinant human TRAIL-trimer fusion protein SCB-313, this fusion protein targets, + binds to and trimerizes the TRAIL-receptors, pro-apoptotic death receptors (DRs) + TRAIL-R1 (death receptor 4; DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (death receptor 5; DR5), expressed + on tumor cells, thereby activating caspases and inducing apoptosis in TRAIL-R1/R2-expressing + tumor cells. TRAIL, a homotrimeric type II transmembrane protein and member + of the TNF superfamily of cytokines, plays a key role in the induction of apoptosis + through TRAIL-mediated death receptor pathways. The pro-apoptotic cell surface + receptors TRAIL-R1 and -R2, members of the TNF receptor family, are overexpressed + by a variety of cancer cell types; The induction of receptor trimerization is + needed for the initiation of the apoptotic signaling pathway. The TRAIL-Trimer + retains similar bioactivity and receptor binding kinetics as native TRAIL but + has more favorable pharmacokinetics and antitumor activity than native TRAIL. + termDef: + term: >- + Recombinant Human TRAIL-Trimer Fusion Protein SCB-313 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170907" + term_id: C170907 + term_version: 20.10d + +recombinant_humanized_antiher2_bispecific_monoclonal_antibody_mbs301: + common: + description: >- + A glyco-engineered heterodimeric bispecific monoclonal antibody, derived from + trastuzumab and pertuzumab, directed against two distinct epitopes of the extracellular + dimerization (ECD) domain of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human tyrosine + kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with + potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + recombinant humanized anti-HER-2 bispecific monoclonal antibody MBS301 simultaneously + targets and binds to two separate, non-overlapping epitopes of HER-2. This prevents + the activation of HER-2 signaling pathways. Also, by binding to HER-2, MBS301 + induces an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor + cells that overexpress HER-2. This results in tumor cell apoptosis and inhibits + tumor cell proliferation of HER-2-overexpressing tumor cells. HER-2, overexpressed + on a variety of tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, + differentiation and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Recombinant Humanized Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MBS301 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171377" + term_id: C171377 + term_version: 20.10d + +recql4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the initiation of DNA replication and sister-chromatid + cohesion. + termDef: + term: >- + RECQL4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26492" + term_id: C26492 + term_version: 20.10d + +redaporfin: + common: + description: >- + A bacteriochlorin-based photosensitizer, with antineoplastic activity upon photodynamic + therapy (PDT). Following intravenous administration, redaporfin preferentially + accumulates in hyperproliferative tissues, such as tumors. Local application + of laser light at the tumor site results in the absorption of light by this + agent and a photodynamic reaction between LUZ 11 and oxygen. This results in + the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which includes singlet oxygen + molecules, the superoxide ion, and other cytotoxic free radicals. The formation + of ROS induces free radical-mediated DNA damage and cell death. + termDef: + term: >- + Redaporfin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C114382" + term_id: C114382 + term_version: 20.10d + +regulatory_region_ablation: + common: + description: >- + A deletion mutation where the deleted sequence includes of a regulatory region + for a gene. + termDef: + term: >- + Regulatory Region Deletion + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148647" + term_id: C148647 + term_version: 20.10d + +regulatory_region_amplification: + common: + description: >- + An increase in the copy number of a region containing a regulatory sequence + for a gene. + termDef: + term: >- + Regulatory Region Amplification + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148648" + term_id: C148648 + term_version: 20.10d + +regulatory_region_variant: + common: + description: >- + A change in the nucleotide sequence of a regulatory region for a gene. + termDef: + term: >- + Regulatory Region Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148646" + term_id: C148646 + term_version: 20.10d + +rel: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and signal transduction + through the nuclear factor kappa B NFKB signal transduction pathway. + termDef: + term: >- + REL Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17084" + term_id: C17084 + term_version: 20.10d + +repeated_sequences: + common: + description: >- + Nucleotide sequences present in multiple copies in the genome. There are several + types of repeated sequences. Interspersed (or dispersed) DNA repeats (Interspersed + Repetitive Sequences) are copies of transposable elements interspersed throughout + the genome. Flanking (or terminal) repeats (Terminal Repeat Sequences) are sequences + that are repeated on both ends of a sequence, for example, the long terminal + repeats (LTRs) on retroviruses. Direct terminal repeats are in the same direction + and inverted terminal repeats are opposite to each other in direction. Tandem + repeats (Tandem Repeat Sequences) are repeated copies which lie adjacent to + each other. These can also be direct or inverted. The ribosomal RNA and transfer + RNA genes belong to the class of middle repetitive DNA. + termDef: + term: >- + Repetitive Sequence + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13298" + term_id: C13298 + term_version: 20.10d + +ret: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays an essential role in neural crest development, cellular growth + and differentiation. Mutations in the gene are associated with a variety of + neoplasias and carcinomas + termDef: + term: >- + RET Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18257" + term_id: C18257 + term_version: 20.10d + +retsrc_inhibitor_tpx0046: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable selective dual inhibitor of fusions and mutations involving + the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (ret) + and the src family tyrosine kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon oral administration, the RET/SRC inhibitor TPX-0046 specifically targets + and binds to ret mutants and ret-containing fusion products. This results in + an inhibition of cell growth of tumor cells that exhibit increased ret activity. + By inhibiting src kinase-mediated signaling and reducing the src-initiated recruitment + of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases involved in bypass resistance, TPX-0046 + may be able to overcome tumor resistance which may increase its therapeutic + effect. Ret overexpression, activating mutations, and fusions result in the + upregulation and/or overactivation of ret tyrosine kinase activity in various + cancer cell types; dysregulation of ret activity plays a key role in the development + and progression of these cancers. Src tyrosine kinases are upregulated in many + tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, + migration, invasion and angiogenesis. Src upregulation is seen in tumors with + acquired resistance to RET inhibitors. + termDef: + term: >- + RET/SRC Inhibitor TPX-0046 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167210" + term_id: C167210 + term_version: 20.10d + +retifanlimab: + common: + description: >- + A proprietary humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory + human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), with potential immune + checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, retifanlimab + binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore + immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses + against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily + (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively + regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands + programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role + in tumor evasion from host immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + Retifanlimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C142168" + term_id: C142168 + term_version: 20.10d + +retroperitoneal: + common: + description: >- + A lymph node located in the retroperitoneal space. + termDef: + term: >- + Retroperitoneal Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98189" + term_id: C98189 + term_version: 20.10d + +revdofilimab: + common: + description: >- + An agonistic humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory + receptor OX40 (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4), + with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, revdofilimab + selectively binds to and activates OX40. This may induce the proliferation of + memory and effector T-lymphocytes and inhibit the function of T-regulatory cells + (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein + and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed + on T-lymphocytes and plays an essential role in T-cell activation and differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + Revdofilimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C161864" + term_id: C161864 + term_version: 20.10d + +rezivertinib: + common: + description: >- + An orally available third-generation and selective inhibitor of certain epidermal + growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations, including the resistance + mutations T790M and L858R, as well as exon 19 deletion, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, rezivertinib specifically and covalently binds + to and inhibits selective EGFR mutations, with particularly high selectivity + against the T790M mutation, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and + leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some + other EGFR inhibitors, BPI-7711 may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with + T790M-mediated drug resistance. This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type + EGFR (wt EGFR), and does not cause dose-limiting toxicities that occur during + the use of non-selective EGFR inhibitors, which also inhibit wt EGFR. EGFR, + a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role + in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. + termDef: + term: >- + Rezivertinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C154286" + term_id: C154286 + term_version: 20.10d + +rgpd3: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in the localization of the GTPase Ran. + termDef: + term: >- + RGPD3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143082" + term_id: C143082 + term_version: 20.10d + +rgs7: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the inhibition of both G protein-coupled receptor + signaling and signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + RGS7 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143118" + term_id: C143118 + term_version: 20.10d + +rhoa: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction. It is involved in several cellular + functions including cell differentiation and cytoskeletal remodeling. + termDef: + term: >- + RHOA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18356" + term_id: C18356 + term_version: 20.10d + +rhoh: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction in hematopoietic cells. + termDef: + term: >- + RHOH Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21320" + term_id: C21320 + term_version: 20.10d + +ripertamab: + common: + description: >- + A chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Ripertamab binds to the B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, + which triggers an immune response against CD20-positive B-cells, leading to + apoptosis. CD20, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein, is exclusively + expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed + in B-cell malignancies. + termDef: + term: >- + Ripertamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122680" + term_id: C122680 + term_version: 20.10d + +rmi2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in DNA replication. + termDef: + term: >- + RMI2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96027" + term_id: C96027 + term_version: 20.10d + +rna_sequencing: + common: + description: >- + A procedure that can determine the nucleotide sequence for all of the RNA transcripts + in an individual. + termDef: + term: >- + Whole Transcriptome Sequencing + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C124261" + term_id: C124261 + term_version: 20.10d + +rnf213: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in ubiquitination. + termDef: + term: >- + RNF213 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97390" + term_id: C97390 + term_version: 20.10d + +rnf43: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both protein ubiquitination and the Wnt signaling pathway. + termDef: + term: >- + RNF43 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C107649" + term_id: C107649 + term_version: 20.10d + +roblitinib: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, roblitinib binds to and inhibits + the activity of FGFR4, which leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation + in FGFR4-overexpressing cells. FGFR4 is a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated + in certain tumor cells and involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, + angiogenesis, and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Roblitinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C120102" + term_id: C120102 + term_version: 20.10d + +robo1targeted_bicarnkt_cells: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of natural killer T (NKT) cells engineered to express a chimeric + antigen receptor (CAR) specific for roundabout homolog 1 (ROBO1, Robo1), with + potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + the ROBO1-targeted BiCAR-NK/T cells target and bind to ROBO1 expressed on the + surface of tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in ROBO1-expressing + tumor cells. ROBO1, a member of the axon guidance receptor family, is often + overexpressed in a variety of tumor types. It is involved in axon guidance, + cell proliferation, cell motility and angiogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + ROBO1-targeted BiCAR-NKT Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172380" + term_id: C172380 + term_version: 20.10d + +robo2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in ligand binding, axon guidance and cell migration. + termDef: + term: >- + ROBO2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C126774" + term_id: C126774 + term_version: 20.10d + +rocakinogene_sifuplasmid: + common: + description: >- + A plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 + (IL-12) with potential immunoactivating activity. Upon intramuscular delivery + by electroporation of rocakinogene sifuplasmid, IL-12 is translated in cells + and activates the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer + cells (NK cells), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma and promoting cytotoxic + T-cell responses against tumor cells. This may result in both immune-mediated + tumor cell death and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + Rocakinogene Sifuplasmid + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C116709" + term_id: C116709 + term_version: 20.10d + +roducitabine: + common: + description: >- + An orally available small molecule and nucleoside antimetabolite with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tRoducitabine is taken up by cells + through a carrier-mediated transporter, phosphorylated by uridine cytidine kinase + (UCK) and then further phosphorylated to its diphosphate (RX-DP) and triphosphate + forms (RX-TP). The triphosphate form is incorporated into RNA and inhibits RNA + synthesis. The diphosphate RX-DP is reduced by ribonucleotide reductase (RR) + to dRX-DP; its triphosphate form (dRX-TP) is incorporated into DNA. In addition, + RX-3117 also inhibits DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). This eventually leads + to cell cycle arrest and the induction of apoptosis. UCK is the rate-limiting + enzyme in the pyrimidine-nucleotide salvage pathway. + termDef: + term: >- + Roducitabine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C113444" + term_id: C113444 + term_version: 20.10d + +rolinsatamab_talirine: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody + against the prolactin receptor (PRLR) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic + agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration + of rolinsatamab talirine, rolinsatamab targets and binds to PRLR expressed on + tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, talirine is released and kills + the PRLR-expressing tumor cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. + PRLR, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed by a variety of tumor + cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Rolinsatamab Talirine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C137991" + term_id: C137991 + term_version: 20.10d + +roneparstat: + common: + description: >- + An N-acetylated, glycol-split form of heparin that is devoid of anticoagulant + activity and is an inhibitor of heparanase with antineoplastic and antiangiogenic + activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, roneparstat inhibits the activity + of heparanase. This prevents the heparanase-mediated cleavage of heparan sulfate + (HS) proteoglycans on cell surfaces and within the extracellular matrix. In + addition, this agent prevents the heparanase-induced production of a number + of angiogenic growth factors, including matrix metalloproteinase-9, hepatocyte + growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor. Altogether, this leads + to an inhibition of both tumor cell growth and angiogenesis. Heparanase, an + enzyme that is responsible for the proteolytic cleavage of proteoglycans, is + upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and promotes tumor cell growth; + it plays a key role in tumor cell invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + Roneparstat + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C104412" + term_id: C104412 + term_version: 20.10d + +ropeginterferon_alfa2b: + common: + description: >- + A long-acting formulation of recombinant interferon alpha subtype 2b (IFN-a2b), + in which IFN-a2b is coupled, via proline, to polyethylene glycol (PEG), with + antiviral, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration + of ropeginterferon alfa-2b, IFN-a2b targets and binds to specific IFN cell-surface + receptors. This activates IFN-mediated signal transduction pathways and induces + the transcription and translation of genes with IFN-specific response elements + (ISREs). Their protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, + and immune-modulating effects. The PEG moiety inhibits proteolytic breakdown + and clearance of IFN-a2b, which prolongs its half-life, extends the duration + of its therapeutic effects and allows less frequent dosing. The proline linker + facilitates the synthesis of a single positional isomer which further increases + its stability and half-life. + termDef: + term: >- + Ropeginterferon Alfa-2B + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C111892" + term_id: C111892 + term_version: 20.10d + +ropocamptide: + common: + description: >- + A synthetic form of a human antimicrobial peptide (37 amino acids), belonging + to the cathelicidin family, with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating + and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection of the + ropocamptide, this peptide increases p53 expression, and induces phosphatidylserine + externalization, DNA fragmentation, cell cycle arrest and caspase-independent + apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)/ endonuclease G (EndoG)-mediated apoptotic cell + death in susceptible cancer cells. This suppresses tumor cell proliferation. LL-37, + a protein secreted by bone marrow cells, circulating leukocytes, and various + epithelial tissues, plays a crucial role in the innate host immune defense via + the regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis and cytokine production; it also promotes + wound healing. + termDef: + term: >- + Ropocamptide + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C118292" + term_id: C118292 + term_version: 20.10d + +ros1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in receptor tyrosine phosphorylation signal transduction, + and is thought to play a role in cellular growth or differentiation, but an + exact function has not been substantiated. + termDef: + term: >- + ROS1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18399" + term_id: C18399 + term_version: 20.10d + +rosopatamab: + common: + description: >- + A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against the external domain of the Prostate-specific + membrane antigen (PSMA), overexpressed in the malignant prostate and its metastases. + Although PSMA is not a biomarker of disease progression, over-expression indicates + an aggressive phenotype of the prostate cancer. Rosopatamab was generated by + replacing murine Ig sequences with human ones, thereby MoAb huJ591can be administered + to patients on multiple occasions over long time periods without inducing an + immune response. Radiolabelled MoAb huJ591 may be used in immunotherapy of prostate + cancer. + termDef: + term: >- + Rosopatamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C2652" + term_id: C2652 + term_version: 20.10d + +rpl10: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in protein biosynthesis. It is also involved in signal + transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + RPL10 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24748" + term_id: C24748 + term_version: 20.10d + +rpl22: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in translation. + termDef: + term: >- + RPL22 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97761" + term_id: C97761 + term_version: 20.10d + +rpl5: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in ribosome assembly. + termDef: + term: >- + RPL5 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C107652" + term_id: C107652 + term_version: 20.10d + +rpn1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in post-translational protein modification. + termDef: + term: >- + RPN1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97290" + term_id: C97290 + term_version: 20.10d + +rsk14_inhibitor_pmd026: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase p90 ribosomal + S6 kinase (p90RSK; RSK) subtypes 1-4, with high selectivity for RSK subtype + 2 (RSK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the + RSK1-4 inhibitor PMD-026, this agent targets and inhibits the RSK subtypes, + thereby inhibiting RSK-mediated signaling. This prevents the phosphorylation + and activation of the transcription factor Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) and + leads to cell cycle arrest, an induction of apoptosis, and an inhibition of + tumor cell proliferation in RSK-expressing tumor cells. RSK is overexpressed + in a variety of cancers, especially in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). + It plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, + and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + RSK1-4 Inhibitor PMD-026 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166135" + term_id: C166135 + term_version: 20.10d + +rspo2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both Wnt signaling and embryonic morphogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + RSPO2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C106067" + term_id: C106067 + term_version: 20.10d + +rspo3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is thought to be involved in transport; however, a function has yet + to be elucidated. + termDef: + term: >- + RSPO3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24397" + term_id: C24397 + term_version: 20.10d + +rtpcr: + common: + description: >- + A laboratory procedure in which an RNA strand is first transcribed into a DNA + complement and then subjected to PCR amplification. Transcribing an RNA strand + into a DNA complement is termed reverse transcription and is done by the enzyme + reverse transcriptase. + termDef: + term: >- + Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18136" + term_id: C18136 + term_version: 20.10d + +runx1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation and cytogenetic aberrations + are associated with several leukemias. + termDef: + term: >- + RUNX1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18579" + term_id: C18579 + term_version: 20.10d + +runx1t1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation and hematopoiesis. + termDef: + term: >- + RUNX1T1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C28570" + term_id: C28570 + term_version: 20.10d + +rutheniumbased_small_molecule_therapeutic_bold100: + common: + description: >- + A ruthenium-based, small molecule that selectively inhibits stress-induced upregulation + of GRP78, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanisms(s) + through which this agent exerts its effects have yet to be fully elucidated, + upon administration, BOLD-100 may selectively inhibit stress-induced upregulation + of GRP78, thereby preventing the activation of multiple GRP78-mediated pathways + and blocking GRP78-induced suppression of apoptotic pathways. This may lead + to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and slow tumor cell proliferation. + GRP78, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone and unfolded protein response + (UPR) regulator, is overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cell + types. Its expression is associated with increased tumor cell survival and proliferation, + as well as angiogenesis and resistance to chemotherapy. + termDef: + term: >- + Ruthenium-based Small Molecule Therapeutic BOLD-100 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173373" + term_id: C173373 + term_version: 20.10d + +ruxotemitide: + common: + description: >- + A peptide derived from human lactoferrin, with potential lytic and immunostimulating + activities. Upon transdermal injection directly into the tumor, ruxotemitide + may bind to the tumor cell membranes and subsequently lyse tumor cells, thereby + inducing tumor cell necrosis. In turn, presentation of the tumor antigens to + the immune system may induce systemic innate and adaptive immune responses mediated + by anti-tumor natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and natural + killer T (NKT) cells. This may trigger an immune response against tumor associated + antigens on tumors distant from the primary tumor. Human lactoferrin, a 692 + amino acid glycoprotein, belongs to the transferrin family of metal-binding + proteins. + termDef: + term: >- + Ruxotemitide + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C90547" + term_id: C90547 + term_version: 20.10d + +s100a7: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both calcium binding and antimicrobial activity. + termDef: + term: >- + S100A7 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143078" + term_id: C143078 + term_version: 20.10d + +sabatolimab: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin + domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), + with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon + administration, sabatolimab binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain immune cells, + including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, + activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated + tumor cell lysis resulting in a reduction in tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane + protein expressed on certain T-cells, is associated with tumor-mediated immune + suppression. + termDef: + term: >- + Sabatolimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C124850" + term_id: C124850 + term_version: 20.10d + +saliva: + common: + description: >- + The watery fluid in the mouth made by the salivary glands. Saliva moistens food + to help digestion and it helps protect the mouth against infections. + termDef: + term: >- + Saliva + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13275" + term_id: C13275 + term_version: 20.10d + +sall4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both transcriptional regulation and stem cell maintenance. + termDef: + term: >- + SALL4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C112905" + term_id: C112905 + term_version: 20.10d + +samrotamab_vedotin: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody + against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed + cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, + the monoclonal antibody moiety of ABBV-085 targets and binds to the TAA expressed + on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released + and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism + of action. + termDef: + term: >- + Samrotamab Vedotin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C124134" + term_id: C124134 + term_version: 20.10d + +samuraciclib: + common: + description: >- + An orally available, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, samuraciclib + selectively and competitively binds to the CDK7 ATP binding site, thereby inhibiting + CDK7-mediated signaling. CDK7, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a role in controlling + cell cycle progression, transcriptional regulation, and promotes the expression + of key oncogenes such as c-Myc through the phosphorylation of RNA polymerase + II. Inhibition of CDK7 may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in certain cancers + that are dependent on CDK7-mediated transcriptional regulation and signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + Samuraciclib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C155652" + term_id: C155652 + term_version: 20.10d + +sasanlimab: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of the human inhibitory receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; + PDCD1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, sasanlimab targets and binds to PD-1 and blocks the interaction + between PD-1 and its ligands, PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). + This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. + This may restore immune function through the activation of natural killer (NK) + cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) against tumor cells. PD-1, an inhibitory + receptor belonging to the B7-receptor family, is expressed on activated T-lymphocytes, + B-cells and NK cells; it functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates + T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands, and plays + an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + Sasanlimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C124058" + term_id: C124058 + term_version: 20.10d + +sbds: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in ribosome formation. + termDef: + term: >- + SBDS Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97767" + term_id: C97767 + term_version: 20.10d + +sdc4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell-matrix interactions. + termDef: + term: >- + SDC4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101431" + term_id: C101431 + term_version: 20.10d + +sdf1_receptor_antagonist_ptx9908: + common: + description: >- + A stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1; CXCL12) analog and inhibitor of C-X-C + chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + administration, PTX-9908 selectively targets and binds to CXCR4, thereby preventing + the binding of CXCR4 to its ligand SDF-1. This inhibits receptor activation + and results in decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-overexpressing + tumor cells. The G protein-coupled receptor CXCR4, which is overexpressed in + several tumor cell types, promotes tumor angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation, + survival, invasion and metastasis. SDF-1, a major chemotactic factor, plays + a key role in mediating cell trafficking via selective binding to CXCR4. + termDef: + term: >- + SDF-1 Receptor Antagonist PTX-9908 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170746" + term_id: C170746 + term_version: 20.10d + +sdha: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. + termDef: + term: >- + SDHA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C103873" + term_id: C103873 + term_version: 20.10d + +sdhaf2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the electron transport chain. + termDef: + term: >- + SDHAF2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97770" + term_id: C97770 + term_version: 20.10d + +sdhb: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in electron transport in the mitochondria. + termDef: + term: >- + SDHB Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97773" + term_id: C97773 + term_version: 20.10d + +sdhc: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in mitochondrial electron transport. + termDef: + term: >- + SDHC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97776" + term_id: C97776 + term_version: 20.10d + +sdhd: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the localization of succinate dehydrogenase activity. + termDef: + term: >- + SDHD Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97779" + term_id: C97779 + term_version: 20.10d + +segmented_neutrophil: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of segmented neutrophils present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Segmented Neutrophil Count + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C81997" + term_id: C81997 + term_version: 20.10d + +selective_estrogen_receptor_degrader_lx039: + common: + description: >- + An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD LX-039 + specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational + change that results in ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and + inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LX-039 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168606" + term_id: C168606 + term_version: 20.10d + +selective_estrogen_receptor_degrader_ly3484356: + common: + description: >- + An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LY3484356 specifically targets + and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change + that results in ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits + both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LY3484356 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174042" + term_id: C174042 + term_version: 20.10d + +sequencing_nos: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the sequence of component residues in a macromolecule, + e.g. amino acids in a protein or nucleotide bases in DNA/RNA or the computational + analysis performed to determine the similarities between nonidentical proteins + or molecules of DNA or RNA. + termDef: + term: >- + Sequence Analysis + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17565" + term_id: C17565 + term_version: 20.10d + +serclutamab_talirine: + common: + description: >- + A antibody drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of serclutamab, an affinity-matured + humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor + (EGFR) conjugated to a talirine, a cytotoxic, DNA minor groove crosslinking + agent and pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon intravenous administration of serclutamab talirine, the serclutamab moiety + targets and binds to EGFR on tumor cell surfaces. Following receptor internalization + and lysosome-mediated cleavage, talirine is released. In turn, the imine groups + of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of + DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M + cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of EGFR-overexpressing + tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is overexpressed by + a variety of cancers, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Serclutamab Talirine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C150590" + term_id: C150590 + term_version: 20.10d + +serd_znc5: + common: + description: >- + An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD ZN-c5 + specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational + change that results in ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and + inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. + termDef: + term: >- + SERD ZN-c5 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167267" + term_id: C167267 + term_version: 20.10d + +serplulimab: + common: + description: >- + A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory + human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with + potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + serplulimab targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling + pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells + and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane + protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions + as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector + function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) + and 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + Serplulimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C156738" + term_id: C156738 + term_version: 20.10d + +serum: + common: + description: >- + The clear portion of the blood that remains after the removal of the blood cells + and the clotting proteins. + termDef: + term: >- + Serum + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13325" + term_id: C13325 + term_version: 20.10d + +serum_free_immunoglobulin_light_chain_kappa: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of free kappa light chain present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Free Kappa Light Chain Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98730" + term_id: C98730 + term_version: 20.10d + +serum_free_immunoglobulin_light_chain_lambda: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of free lambda light chain present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Free Lambda Light Chain Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98732" + term_id: C98732 + term_version: 20.10d + +serum_free_immunoglobulin_light_chain_nos: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of immunoglobulin light chain present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Immunoglobulin Light Chain Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C147376" + term_id: C147376 + term_version: 20.10d + +set: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in apoptosis, biogenesis, DNA replication and nuclear + organization. + termDef: + term: >- + SET Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24801" + term_id: C24801 + term_version: 20.10d + +setbp1: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in the modulation of protein SET activity. + termDef: + term: >- + SETBP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C106635" + term_id: C106635 + term_version: 20.10d + +setd2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in epigenetic control of gene expression. + termDef: + term: >- + SETD2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C73662" + term_id: C73662 + term_version: 20.10d + +severe: + common: + description: >- + Intensely bad or unpleasant in degree, quality or extent. + termDef: + term: >- + Severe + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C70667" + term_id: C70667 + term_version: 20.10d + +sf3b1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in mRNA splicing. + termDef: + term: >- + SF3B1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98284" + term_id: C98284 + term_version: 20.10d + +sfpq: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in both transcriptional regulation and nuclear RNA + processing. + termDef: + term: >- + SFPQ Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C71417" + term_id: C71417 + term_version: 20.10d + +sfrp4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction, apoptosis and cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + SFRP4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24804" + term_id: C24804 + term_version: 20.10d + +sgk1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both protein phosphorylation and cellular stress response. + termDef: + term: >- + SGK1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101559" + term_id: C101559 + term_version: 20.10d + +sh2b3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in T-cell activation. + termDef: + term: >- + SH2B3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102802" + term_id: C102802 + term_version: 20.10d + +sh3gl1: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in endocytosis. + termDef: + term: >- + SH3GL1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97788" + term_id: C97788 + term_version: 20.10d + +shenqi_fuzheng_injection_sq001: + common: + description: >- + An injectable formulation composed of the two Chinese medicinal herbs Radix + astragali, the root of astragalus membranaceus (huangqi) and Radix codonopsis, + the root of Codonopsis pilosula (dangshen), with potential antineoplastic adjuvant + and chemoprotective activities that may prevent cancer-related fatigue. Although + the exact mechanisms by which shenqi fuzheng injection (SFI) have yet to be + fully elucidated, the herbs may improve tumor response and/or reduce the toxicity + of certain chemotherapeutics when administered together. It may also alleviate + chemotherapy-associated immunosuppression. + termDef: + term: >- + Shenqi Fuzheng Injection SQ001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171384" + term_id: C171384 + term_version: 20.10d + +shp2_inhibitor_rly1971: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor + type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor RLY-1971 targets, + binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, + inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. + SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates + cell survival, differentiation and proliferation through activation of the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK + signaling pathway. The Ras-MAPK pathway is often hyperactivated in cancer cells + due to specific mutations and rearrangements and are dependent on SHP2 for their + oncogenic signaling. SHP2 also regulates programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-mediated + signal transduction and is involved in immune checkpoint modulation. + termDef: + term: >- + SHP2 Inhibitor RLY-1971 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172988" + term_id: C172988 + term_version: 20.10d + +shtn1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in neuronal polarization. + termDef: + term: >- + SHTN1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122906" + term_id: C122906 + term_version: 20.10d + +simlukafusp_alfa: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant fusion protein comprised of a human monoclonal antibody directed + against fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAP) linked to an engineered, variant + form of interleukin-2 (IL-2v), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration of simlukafusp alfa, the monoclonal antibody + moiety recognizes and binds to FAP, thereby concentrating IL-2 in FAP-expressing + tumor tissue. Subsequently, the IL-2 moiety of this fusion protein may stimulate + a local immune response and activate natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic + T-cells. FAP is a cell surface protein that is expressed on a wide variety of + cancer cells. IL-2v cannot bind to IL-2 receptor-alpha (CD25, IL2Ra) and does + not activate regulatory T-cells (Tregs). + termDef: + term: >- + Simlukafusp Alfa + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C129383" + term_id: C129383 + term_version: 20.10d + +simmitinib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of numerous tyrosine kinases (TKs) including + fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor + receptor type 2 (VEGFR2; KDR), and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; + CSF-1R), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral + administration, simmitinib binds to and inhibits the activities of these TKs, + thereby preventing both the activation of downstream signaling pathways and + the proliferation of tumor cells overexpressing these TKs. FGFR, VEGFR2, and + CSF1R are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and play key roles in + tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + Simmitinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C170763" + term_id: C170763 + term_version: 20.10d + +simurosertib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cell division cycle 7 (cell division cycle + 7-related protein kinase; CDC7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon + administration, simurosertib binds to and inhibits CDC7; this prevents the initiation + of DNA replication during mitosis, which causes cell cycle arrest and induces + apoptosis. This inhibits cell growth in CDC7-overexpressing tumor cells. CDC7, + a serine/threonine kinase and cell division cycle protein, is overexpressed + in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in the activation of DNA replication + and the regulation of cell cycle progression. + termDef: + term: >- + Simurosertib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C126641" + term_id: C126641 + term_version: 20.10d + +siremadlin: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable human double minute 2 homolog (HDM2) inhibitor with potential + antineoplastic activity. Siremadlin inhibits the binding of the HDM2 protein + to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. + By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation + of p53 is inhibited, which may result in the restoration of both p53 signaling + and p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2, a zinc finger protein + and negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is often overexpressed in cancer + cells and has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Siremadlin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C116325" + term_id: C116325 + term_version: 20.10d + +sirpa: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cellular signal transduction and tyrosine kinase-coupled + signaling processes. + termDef: + term: >- + SIRPA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24710" + term_id: C24710 + term_version: 20.10d + +sirpa41bbl_fusion_protein_dsp107: + common: + description: >- + A bi-functional, trimeric, fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domains + (ECDs) of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha; SIRPa; CD172a) fused + to a 4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the SIRPa-4-1BBL fusion + protein DSP107 selectively targets and binds to both CD47 expressed on tumor + cells and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; + TNFRSF9) expressed on T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Binding to CD47 + blocks the interaction of CD47 with endogenous SIRPa, a cell surface protein + expressed on macrophages. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates + the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrophage activation and phagocytosis + of cancer cells. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding + of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor + cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1), + which is expressed on macrophages, and results in macrophage activation and + the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. The binding of 4-1BBL to 4-1BB activates + 4-1BB-mediated signaling, induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) proliferation, + cytokine production and promotes a CTL-mediated anti-tumor immune response as + well as NK-mediated tumor cell killing. The crosslinking specifically enables + the activation of 4-1BB-mediated signaling in T-cells and NK cells in the tumor + microenvironment (TME), allowing targeted immune responses in the TME. CD47, + also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen + (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and overexpressed + on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction + with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer + cells from phagocytosis, thereby allowing cancer cells to proliferate. 4-1BB, + a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is + an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, + survival and cytolytic activity. + termDef: + term: >- + SIRPa-4-1BBL Fusion Protein DSP107 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174171" + term_id: C174171 + term_version: 20.10d + +sirpafccd40l_fusion_protein_sl172154: + common: + description: >- + A bi-functional fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domains (ECDs) + of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha; SIRPa; CD172a) and CD40 + ligand (CD40L; CD154; TRAP; TNFSF5) linked via a human Fc domain, with potential + immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + the SIRPa-Fc-CD40L fusion protein SL-172154 selectively targets and binds to + both CD47 expressed on tumor cells and CD40, a cell surface receptor that belongs + to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, expressed on antigen-presenting + cells (APCs). Binding to CD47 blocks the interaction of CD47 with endogenous + SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated + signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrophage activation + and phagocytosis of cancer cells. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated + by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the + surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein-1 + (LRP-1), which is expressed on macrophages, and results in macrophage activation + and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. The binding of CD40L to CD40 activates + CD40, increases CD40-mediated signaling and induces proliferation and activation + of B-lymphocytes, shifts the induction of suppressive macrophages towards immunostimulatory + macrophages, activates monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs), and leads to + the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. This activates the immune system to + induce the proliferation and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) against + tumor cells. The crosslinking specifically enhances antigen presentation to + CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes and tumor cell phagocytosis by the APC. CD47, also + called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) + expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and overexpressed + on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction + with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer + cells from phagocytosis, thereby allowing cancer cells to proliferate. + termDef: + term: >- + SIRPa-Fc-CD40L Fusion Protein SL-172154 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173706" + term_id: C173706 + term_version: 20.10d + +ski: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and is involved in cellular + signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + SKI Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C69184" + term_id: C69184 + term_version: 20.10d + +slc34a2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in phosphate transport. + termDef: + term: >- + SLC34A2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101434" + term_id: C101434 + term_version: 20.10d + +slc45a3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transmembrane transport. + termDef: + term: >- + SLC45A3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97791" + term_id: C97791 + term_version: 20.10d + +smad2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and repression of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + SMAD2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24566" + term_id: C24566 + term_version: 20.10d + +smad3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in signal transduction and apoptosis. It also plays a + role in the regulation of both steroid synthesis and T-cell response. + termDef: + term: >- + SMAD3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18504" + term_id: C18504 + term_version: 20.10d + +smad4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and transcriptional activation. + It is also involved in suppression of angiogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + SMAD4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18258" + term_id: C18258 + term_version: 20.10d + +smarca4: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in chromatin remodeling, cell cycle control and regulation + of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + SMARCA4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C19878" + term_id: C19878 + term_version: 20.10d + +smarcb1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in chromatin remodeling and regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + SMARCB1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18394" + term_id: C18394 + term_version: 20.10d + +smarcd1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in chromatin remodeling and regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + SMARCD1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C19875" + term_id: C19875 + term_version: 20.10d + +smarce1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in chromatin remodeling and regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + SMARCE1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C19874" + term_id: C19874 + term_version: 20.10d + +smc1a: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in maintenance of sister chromatid cohesion during mitosis. + termDef: + term: >- + SMC1A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C75406" + term_id: C75406 + term_version: 20.10d + +smo: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in G protein-coupled receptor signal transduction and + sonic hedgehog pathway activation. + termDef: + term: >- + SMO Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24817" + term_id: C24817 + term_version: 20.10d + +snd1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both transcriptional regulation and RNA interference. + termDef: + term: >- + SND1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C96331" + term_id: C96331 + term_version: 20.10d + +snx29: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in signal transduction or lipid binding. + termDef: + term: >- + SNX29 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97764" + term_id: C97764 + term_version: 20.10d + +socs1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the attenuation of cytokine signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + SOCS1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97794" + term_id: C97794 + term_version: 20.10d + +solid: + common: + description: >- + A microscopic finding indicating that the neoplastic cells are arranged in solid + sheets in a tumor sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Solid Growth Pattern + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C36182" + term_id: C36182 + term_version: 20.10d + +somatic: + common: + description: >- + Any mutation with an origin in cells that are not destined to become gametes. + As a consequence, such mutations are not transmitted to progeny, though they + will be transmitted during any mitosis within the individual. Somatic mutations + may contribute to a broad variety of pathologies including cancer. + termDef: + term: >- + Somatic Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18060" + term_id: C18060 + term_version: 20.10d + +sotigalimab: + common: + description: >- + A humanized monoclonal antibody agonist of the cell surface receptor CD40, with + potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Similar to the endogenous + CD40 ligand (CD40L or CD154), sotigalimab binds to CD40 on a variety of immune + cell types. This triggers the cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting + cells (APCs), and activates B-cells, and effector and memory T-cells. This results + in an enhanced immune response against tumor cells. Sotigalimab also binds to + and activates CD40 present on the surfaces of some solid tumor cells, leading + to apoptosis and decreased tumor growth. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member + of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on various + immune cells and certain cancer cells; it mediates both indirect tumor cell + killing through the activation of the immune system and direct tumor cell apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Sotigalimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C123734" + term_id: C123734 + term_version: 20.10d + +sotorasib: + common: + description: >- + An orally available agent that targets the specific KRAS mutation, p.G12C, with + potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, sotorasib selectively + targets the KRAS p.G12C mutant, at either the DNA, RNA or protein level, and + prevents, through an as of yet not elucidated manner, expression of and/or tumor + cell signaling through the KRAS p.G12C mutant. This may inhibit growth in KRAS + p.G12C-expressing tumor cells. The KRAS p.G12C mutation is seen in some tumor + cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + Sotorasib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C154287" + term_id: C154287 + term_version: 20.10d + +southern_blotting: + common: + description: >- + A technique for the detection of specific DNA fragments that have been separated + by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, transferred to a nitrocellulose or other + type of paper or nylon membrane, and detected by hybridization and visualization + with a labeled probe. + termDef: + term: >- + Southern Blotting + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C16356" + term_id: C16356 + term_version: 20.10d + +sox2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in embryonic development and in the determination of cell + fate. + termDef: + term: >- + SOX2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C61136" + term_id: C61136 + term_version: 20.10d + +spanlecortemlocel: + common: + description: >- + A preparation of allogeneic umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived hematopoietic + stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) expanded in culture with the stimulatory cytokines + stem cell factor (SCF; Kit ligand; mast cell growth factor; MGF), FMS-like tyrosine + kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and thrombopoietin, in the presence + of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) antagonist LHD221 (StemRegenin-1; SR-1), + with potential to improve hematopoietic recovery following myeloablative conditioning. + Upon administration of Spanlecortemlocel, these cells increase and restore the + number of HSPCs, which may prevent or decrease the risk of infection and other + complications of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) or cord blood transplantation. + LHD221, an AHR antagonist facilitates the expansion of CD34-positive hematopoietic + progenitors and impedes HSPC differentiation during cytokine-driven expansion + in culture. + termDef: + term: >- + Spanlecortemlocel + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C111571" + term_id: C111571 + term_version: 20.10d + +specc1: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in nuclear structure. + termDef: + term: >- + SPECC1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97531" + term_id: C97531 + term_version: 20.10d + +spen: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in hormone-mediated transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + SPEN Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C115310" + term_id: C115310 + term_version: 20.10d + +splenic: + common: + description: >- + Any lymph node located along the splenic artery that receives afferent drainage + from the pancreas, spleen, and stomach, and which generally has their efferents + join the celiac group of preaortic lymph nodes. + termDef: + term: >- + Splenic Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C142320" + term_id: C142320 + term_version: 20.10d + +splice: + common: + description: >- + Any mutation that occurs within the discrete sequences comprising the 5' or + 3' splice sites of a gene that has a spliced message. Splice-site mutation may + result in a deletion or insertion of extraneous amino acids in the gene product + or a change in the reading frame of the spliced message. + termDef: + term: >- + Splice-Site Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C19798" + term_id: C19798 + term_version: 20.10d + +splice_acceptor_variant: + common: + description: >- + A heritable single nucleotide polymorphism located at the acceptor splice site + in certain allelic variants of eukaryotic genes. These sites are located in + genes at intron to exon junctions at the 3' end of the intron. + termDef: + term: >- + Acceptor Splice Site SNP + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C45389" + term_id: C45389 + term_version: 20.10d + +splice_donor_variant: + common: + description: >- + An inherited single base change at a donor splice site in a genomic DNA sequence + that results in an allelic variant of the wild-type gene. Donor splice sites + are located at exon to intron junctions at the 5' end of the intron. + termDef: + term: >- + Donor Splice Site SNP + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C45390" + term_id: C45390 + term_version: 20.10d + +splice_region_variant: + common: + description: >- + Any mutation that occurs within the discrete sequences comprising the 5' or + 3' splice sites of a gene that has a spliced message. Splice-site mutation may + result in a deletion or insertion of extraneous amino acids in the gene product + or a change in the reading frame of the spliced message. + termDef: + term: >- + Splice-Site Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C19798" + term_id: C19798 + term_version: 20.10d + +spop: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in both transcriptional repression and protein ubiquitination. + termDef: + term: >- + SPOP Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C102534" + term_id: C102534 + term_version: 20.10d + +squamous_cell_carcinoma_antigen_scca: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the squamous cell carcinoma antigen present in a sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C120660" + term_id: C120660 + term_version: 20.10d + +src: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in apoptosis, hormonogenesis, focal adhesion and the formation + of intercellular junctions. + termDef: + term: >- + SRC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C19917" + term_id: C19917 + term_version: 20.10d + +srgap3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in GTPase-mediated signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + SRGAP3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97797" + term_id: C97797 + term_version: 20.10d + +srpk1abcg2_inhibitor_sco101: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/arginine-rich splicing factor + protein kinase 1 (SRPK1) and the ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 + (ABCG2), with potential chemosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon + oral administration, SRPK1/ABCG2 inhibitor SCO-101 targets, binds to and inhibits + the activity of SRPK1 and ABCG2. Inhibition of the cellular efflux pump ABCG2 + by SCO-101 prevents the efflux of co-administered chemotherapeutic agents from + cancer cells. This may abrogate cancer cell drug resistance and may re-sensitize + cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic agents. Inhibition of SRPK1 kinase by SCO-101 + inhibits the SRPK1-mediated phosphorylation of splicing factors rich in serine/arginine + domains, thereby inhibiting the activation of proteins that are involved in + the regulation of alternative splicing. This may inhibit cancer cell proliferation. + SRPK1 is upregulated in various cancer cell types. Its upregulation is correlated + with higher tumor staging, grading, and shorter survival. + termDef: + term: >- + SRPK1/ABCG2 Inhibitor SCO-101 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175512" + term_id: C175512 + term_version: 20.10d + +srsf2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in RNA splicing. + termDef: + term: >- + SRSF2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101110" + term_id: C101110 + term_version: 20.10d + +srsf3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in RNA splicing and export. + termDef: + term: >- + SRSF3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97785" + term_id: C97785 + term_version: 20.10d + +ss18: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional activation. + termDef: + term: >- + SS18 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97800" + term_id: C97800 + term_version: 20.10d + +ss18l1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the positive regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + SS18L1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97803" + term_id: C97803 + term_version: 20.10d + +ssx1: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in the regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + SSX1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97806" + term_id: C97806 + term_version: 20.10d + +ssx2: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + SSX2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97809" + term_id: C97809 + term_version: 20.10d + +ssx4: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in transcriptional modulation. + termDef: + term: >- + SSX4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97814" + term_id: C97814 + term_version: 20.10d + +stag1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in sister chromatid binding. + termDef: + term: >- + STAG1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C131224" + term_id: C131224 + term_version: 20.10d + +stag2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell division. + termDef: + term: >- + STAG2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101346" + term_id: C101346 + term_version: 20.10d + +start_lost: + common: + description: >- + A mutation occurring within the start codon of a gene that results in a sequence + that no longer encodes a start codon. This can result in a gene deletion or + gene transcription may start from an alternative start site. + termDef: + term: >- + Start Lost Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148649" + term_id: C148649 + term_version: 20.10d + +stat3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and activation of transcription. + It is involved in regulation of both apoptosis and cell growth. + termDef: + term: >- + STAT3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24833" + term_id: C24833 + term_version: 20.10d + +stat5b: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in signal transduction and activation of transcription. + It plays a role in the immune response via stimulation of T-cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + STAT5B Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C28667" + term_id: C28667 + term_version: 20.10d + +stat6: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and activation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + STAT6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24835" + term_id: C24835 + term_version: 20.10d + +stil: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both cellular proliferation and embryonic development. + termDef: + term: >- + STIL Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101126" + term_id: C101126 + term_version: 20.10d + +sting_agonist_bms986301: + common: + description: >- + An agonist of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein, with potential + immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, STING agonist + BMS-986301 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway, which + promotes IKK-related kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) signaling and activates + nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) in + immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production + of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs). Specifically, expression + of IFN-beta (IFNb) enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens + (TAAs) by dendritic cells (DCs) to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results + in a CTL-mediated immune response against tumor cells and causes tumor cell + lysis. STING, a transmembrane protein that activates immune cells in the TME, + plays a key role in the activation of the innate immune system. + termDef: + term: >- + STING Agonist BMS-986301 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167292" + term_id: C167292 + term_version: 20.10d + +sting_agonist_gsk3745417: + common: + description: >- + An agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane + protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon intravenous administration, STING agonist GSK3745417 targets and binds + to STING and activates the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment + (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including + interferons (IFNs), enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens + (TAAs) by dendritic cells (DCs), and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + immune response against cancer cells. STING, a transmembrane protein that activates + immune cells in the TME, plays a key role in the activation of the innate immune + system. + termDef: + term: >- + STING Agonist GSK3745417 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165748" + term_id: C165748 + term_version: 20.10d + +sting_agonist_imsa101: + common: + description: >- + A small molecule analogue of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) that acts as an agonist + of the stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein + 173; TMEM173) with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon intratumoral administration, STING agonist IMSA101 binds to STING and activates + STING-mediated pathways. This activates the immune response through the activation + of certain immune cells which induces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines + and chemokines, promotes tumor-associated antigen (TAA) processing and presentation + by dendritic cells (DCs) and leads to an antigen-specific T-cell mediated immune + response against cancer cells. STING, a transmembrane protein that activates + immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, plays a key role in the activation + of the innate immune system. + termDef: + term: >- + STING Agonist IMSA101 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165655" + term_id: C165655 + term_version: 20.10d + +sting_agonist_sb_11285: + common: + description: >- + An agonist of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein, with potential + immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, + STING agonist SB 11285 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway, + which promotes IKK-related kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) signaling and + activates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 + (IRF3) in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the + production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs). Specifically, + expression of IFN-beta (IFNb) enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associated + antigens (TAAs) by CD8alpha-positive and CD103-positive dendritic cells (DCs) + to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in a CTL-mediated immune response + against tumor cells and causes tumor cell lysis. + termDef: + term: >- + STING Agonist SB 11285 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165566" + term_id: C165566 + term_version: 20.10d + +sting_agonist_tak676: + common: + description: >- + An agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane + protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon intravenous administration, STING agonist TAK-676 targets and binds to + STING and activates the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment + (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including + interferons (IFNs), enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens + (TAAs) by dendritic cells (DCs), and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + immune response against cancer cells. STING, a transmembrane protein that activates + immune cells in the TME, plays a key role in the activation of the innate immune + system. + termDef: + term: >- + STING Agonist TAK-676 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173377" + term_id: C173377 + term_version: 20.10d + +stingexpressing_e_coli_synb1891: + common: + description: >- + A non-pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria that has been + engineered to express stimulator of interferon genes (STING; transmembrane protein + 173; TMEM173) protein, with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. + Upon intratumoral administration, STING-expressing E. coli SYNB1891 are engulfed + by antigen presenting cells (APCs) within the tumor. STING-mediated pathways + within the APCs are then activated resulting in a type I interferon (IFN) response + which promotes initiation and propagation of tumor-specific T-cell responses. + In addition, the bacterial component of SYNB1891 may further stimulate the innate + immune system via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) which may enhance the magnitude + of the overall immune response. STING, a transmembrane protein that activates + immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), plays a key role in the activation + of the innate immune system. + termDef: + term: >- + STING-expressing E. coli SYNB1891 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167270" + term_id: C167270 + term_version: 20.10d + +stk11: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cell cycle regulation. It is also putatively involved + in glucose production. + termDef: + term: >- + STK11 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18253" + term_id: C18253 + term_version: 20.10d + +stop_gain: + common: + description: >- + A point mutation occurring within the protein-coding region of a gene, and which + codes for a stop that can truncate the protein. + termDef: + term: >- + Nonsense Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C62198" + term_id: C62198 + term_version: 20.10d + +stop_lost: + common: + description: >- + A mutation occurring within the stop codon of a gene that results in a sequence + that no longer encodes a stop codon and results in the transcription of non-coding + regions downstream of the gene. + termDef: + term: >- + Nonstop Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148650" + term_id: C148650 + term_version: 20.10d + +stop_retained_variant: + common: + description: >- + A mutation occurring within the stop codon of a gene, which still encodes a + stop codon. + termDef: + term: >- + Silent Stop Codon Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148651" + term_id: C148651 + term_version: 20.10d + +strn: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in cell scaffolding or calcium signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + STRN Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C107661" + term_id: C107661 + term_version: 20.10d + +submandibular: + common: + description: >- + A lymph node located beneath the floor of the oral cavity. + termDef: + term: >- + Submandibular Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C77650" + term_id: C77650 + term_version: 20.10d + +substitution: + common: + description: >- + A point mutation occurring within the protein-coding region of a gene, and which + codes for a different amino acid than expected. + termDef: + term: >- + Missense Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18133" + term_id: C18133 + term_version: 20.10d + +sufu: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of both transcription and signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + SUFU Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97819" + term_id: C97819 + term_version: 20.10d + +sugemalimab: + common: + description: >- + A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand, + programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), + with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon + administration, sugemalimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking + its binding to and activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1). + This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances + the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against + PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell + types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results + in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin + superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune + system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells. Anti-PD-L1 + monoclonal antibody CS1001 mirrors natural immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4), potentially + reducing immunogenicity and other toxicities. + termDef: + term: >- + Sugemalimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C154550" + term_id: C154550 + term_version: 20.10d + +superoxide_dismutase_mimetic_gc4711: + common: + description: >- + A mimetic of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) that may potentially be used + to increase the anti-cancer efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy + (SBRT). Upon administration, SOD mimetic GC4711 may mimic native SODs and catalyze + the formation of molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide from the burst of superoxide + anion present in the irradiated tissues upon radiation. As hydrogen peroxide + is less toxic than superoxide to normal tissues, but more toxic to cancer cells, + this may increase the anti-cancer efficacy of SBRT and decrease its damage to + normal tissues. + termDef: + term: >- + Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic GC4711 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173664" + term_id: C173664 + term_version: 20.10d + +supraclavicular: + common: + description: >- + A lymph node which is located above the clavicle. + termDef: + term: >- + Supraclavicular Lymph Node + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C12903" + term_id: C12903 + term_version: 20.10d + +suz12: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in embryonic development and histone methylation. + termDef: + term: >- + SUZ12 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C73545" + term_id: C73545 + term_version: 20.10d + +syk: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in receptor tyrosine phosphorylation signal transduction, + phagocytosis, endothelial cell growth and proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + SYK Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26536" + term_id: C26536 + term_version: 20.10d + +synonymous_variant: + common: + description: >- + A point mutation occurring within the protein-coding region of a gene, and which + codes for the same amino acid as expected. + termDef: + term: >- + Silent Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20629" + term_id: C20629 + term_version: 20.10d + +synthetic_plumbagin_pcur101: + common: + description: >- + A synthetic form of the plant-derived medicinal agent, plumbagin, with potential + antineoplastic activity. Plumbagin may act by inhibiting the expression of + protein kinase C epsilon (PKCe), signal transducers and activators of transcription + 3 phosphorylation (Stat3), protein kinase B (AKT), and certain epithelial-to-mesenchymal + transition (EMT) markers, including vimentin and slug. This results in possible + inhibition of proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. PKCe, Stat3, AKT, and + the EMT markers vimentin and slug have been linked to the induction and progression + of prostate cancer. + termDef: + term: >- + Synthetic Plumbagin PCUR-101 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166377" + term_id: C166377 + term_version: 20.10d + +syp: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in vesicle targeting and synaptic plasticity. + termDef: + term: >- + SYP Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101144" + term_id: C101144 + term_version: 20.10d + +taf15: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional initiation. + termDef: + term: >- + TAF15 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95994" + term_id: C95994 + term_version: 20.10d + +tafasitamab: + common: + description: >- + An Fc engineered, humanized anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody directed against the + B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic + activities.Tafasitamab targets and binds to CD19, thereby depleting and eliminating + CD19-expressing B-cells. The modified Fc region of XmAb5574 increases binding + affinity to Fc-gamma receptors of effector cells and thereby enhances antibody-dependent + cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis + (ADCP). CD19 is widely expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B-cell + to early plasma cell stages. + termDef: + term: >- + Tafasitamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95768" + term_id: C95768 + term_version: 20.10d + +tal1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in regulation of transcription and cell organization. + It is involved in both embryonic hematopoiesis and adult erythropoiesis. + termDef: + term: >- + TAL1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18301" + term_id: C18301 + term_version: 20.10d + +tal2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation. It plays a role in T-cell + acute lymphocytic leukemia. + termDef: + term: >- + TAL2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24843" + term_id: C24843 + term_version: 20.10d + +taletrectinib: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases C-ros oncogene + 1 (ROS1) and the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1, 2 and + 3, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, taletrectinib + binds to and inhibits ROS1 and the NTRK family members. This inhibition leads + to a disruption of ROS1- and NTRK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits + the growth of tumor cells that are overexpressing ROS1 and/or NTRKs. ROS1, overexpressed + in certain cancer cells, plays a key role in cell growth and survival of cancer + cells. NTRK mutations or rearrangements play a key role in cancer progression. + termDef: + term: >- + Taletrectinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C118948" + term_id: C118948 + term_version: 20.10d + +tamrintamab_pamozirine: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody + against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed + cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration + of tamrintamab pamozirine, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-003 targets + and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, + the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through + an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. + termDef: + term: >- + Tamrintamab Pamozirine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C124133" + term_id: C124133 + term_version: 20.10d + +tankyrase_inhibitor_stp1002: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) + enzyme tankyrase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, + tankyrase inhibitor STP1002 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of + tankyrase. This may block the tankyrase-mediated poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of multiple + target proteins including various tumor suppressors. This may include the blockage + of the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and destabilization of AXIN, a negative regulator + of beta-catenin, and prevents Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. This may inhibit the + activation of transcription of a wide range of target genes of Wnt/beta-catenin + signaling, thereby preventing gene expression of many Wnt-related, pro-survival + proteins and suppressing tumor cell growth. Tankyrase, a member of the PARP + family, plays an important role in the regulation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling + pathway, tumor suppressors, as well as telomere maintenance and mitosis regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + Tankyrase Inhibitor STP1002 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C174060" + term_id: C174060 + term_version: 20.10d + +tapotoclax: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein MCL-1 + (myeloid cell leukemia-1), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, tapotoclax binds to and inhibits the activity of MCL-1. + This disrupts the formation of MCL-1/Bcl-2-like protein 11 (BCL2L11; BIM) complexes + and induces apoptosis in tumor cells. MCL-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging + to the Bcl-2 family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes + tumor cell survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Tapotoclax + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C127817" + term_id: C127817 + term_version: 20.10d + +targeted_sequencing: + common: + description: >- + A technique that determines the nucleotide sequence of a pre-specified region + of DNA or RNA by using primers that are specific for that region. + termDef: + term: >- + Next Generation Targeted Sequencing + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C130177" + term_id: C130177 + term_version: 20.10d + +tasadenoturev: + common: + description: >- + An adenovirus serotype 5 strain, selectively replication competent in cells + defective in the Rb/p16 tumor suppressor pathway, with potential oncolytic activity. + Tasadenoturev contains an integrin binding RGD-4C motif, allowing Coxsackie + adenovirus receptor-independent infection of tumor cells, which are often deficient + for Coxsackie and adenovirus receptors (CARs). Selectively replication competent + in cells that are defective in retinoblastoma gene (Rb) or cyclin-dependent + kinase inhibitor-2A (p16), active replication of oncolytic adenovirus Ad5-Delta + 24RGD in tumor cells may induce oncolysis or cell lysis. As integral components + of the late G1 restriction point, the Rb gene product and p16 are negative regulators + of the cell cycle; ovarian cancer cells and non-small cell lung cancer cells + may be defective in the Rb/p16 pathway. + termDef: + term: >- + Tasadenoturev + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C74067" + term_id: C74067 + term_version: 20.10d + +tbl1xr1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional activation. + termDef: + term: >- + TBL1XR1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C80116" + term_id: C80116 + term_version: 20.10d + +tbx3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both transcriptional repression and limb development. + termDef: + term: >- + TBX3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101638" + term_id: C101638 + term_version: 20.10d + +tcea1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + TCEA1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97822" + term_id: C97822 + term_version: 20.10d + +tcf12: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both transcriptional regulation and tissue differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + TCF12 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97828" + term_id: C97828 + term_version: 20.10d + +tcf3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in regulation of transcription. It is involved in the + control of tissue-specific cell fate during embryogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + TCF3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24846" + term_id: C24846 + term_version: 20.10d + +tcf7l2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + TCF7L2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24847" + term_id: C24847 + term_version: 20.10d + +tcl1a: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in signal transduction. + termDef: + term: >- + TCL1A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C92699" + term_id: C92699 + term_version: 20.10d + +tebentafusp: + common: + description: >- + A fusion protein containing a modified form of human T-cell receptor (TCR) specific + for the gp100 antigen and fused to an anti-CD3 single-chain antibody fragment, + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon direct intratumoral administration + of tebentafusp into the melanoma lesion, the TCR moiety of this agent targets + and binds to the tumor associated antigen (TAA) gp100 presented on the melanoma + tumor cell; the anti-CD3 fragment moiety binds to CD3- expressing T lymphocytes, + thereby selectively cross-linking tumor cells and T-lymphocytes. This may lead + to the recruitment of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to the T lymphocyte/tumor + cell aggregates and result in CTL-mediated death of gp100-expressing melanoma + cancer cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Tebentafusp + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C94208" + term_id: C94208 + term_version: 20.10d + +tec: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in signal transduction and regulation of immune function. + termDef: + term: >- + TEC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24850" + term_id: C24850 + term_version: 20.10d + +teclistamab: + common: + description: >- + A bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface + antigen, and human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), a tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) expressed on plasma cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon administration, teclistamab binds to both CD3 on T-cells and BCMA expressed + on malignant plasma cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and + tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against + BCMA-expressing plasma cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor + superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays + a key role in promoting plasma cell survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Teclistamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C136823" + term_id: C136823 + term_version: 20.10d + +tefinostat: + common: + description: >- + A hydroxamic acid-derived histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential + antineoplastic activity. Tefinostat inhibits HDAC leading to an accumulation + of highly acetylated histones, which may result in chromatin remodeling, inhibition + of tumor oncogene transcription, inhibition of tumor cell division, and the + induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor + types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins; this agent may specifically + target HDACs in cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage. + termDef: + term: >- + Tefinostat + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C152539" + term_id: C152539 + term_version: 20.10d + +telaglenastat: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of glutaminase, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon oral administration, CB-839 selectively and irreversibly inhibits + glutaminase, a mitochondrial enzyme that is essential for the conversion of + the amino acid glutamine into glutamate. By blocking glutamine utilization, + proliferation in rapidly growing cells is impaired. Glutamine-dependent tumors + rely on the conversion of exogenous glutamine into glutamate and glutamate metabolites + to both provide energy and generate building blocks for the production of macromolecules, + which are needed for cellular growth and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Telaglenastat + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C114381" + term_id: C114381 + term_version: 20.10d + +telaglenastat_hydrochloride: + common: + description: >- + The hydrochloride salt form of CB-839, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of glutaminase, + with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon oral administration, + CB-839 selectively and reversibly binds to and inhibits human glutaminase, an + enzyme that is essential for the conversion of the amino acid glutamine into + glutamate. Blocking glutamine metabolism inhibits proliferation in rapidly growing + tumor cells and leads to an induction of cell death. Unlike normal healthy cells, + glutamine-dependent tumors heavily rely on the intracellular conversion of exogenous + glutamine into glutamate and glutamate metabolites to both provide energy and + generate building blocks for the production of macromolecules, which are needed + for cellular growth and survival. In addition, CB-839 causes accumulation of + glutamine in tumor cells and increases glutamine concentration in the tumor + microenvironment (TME) upon cell death. As glutamine is essential for T-cell + generation, CB-839 may also enhance T-cell proliferation and activation in the + TME, which may lead to further killing of tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Telaglenastat Hydrochloride + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C150413" + term_id: C150413 + term_version: 20.10d + +telisotuzumab: + common: + description: >- + A monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth factor receptor + (HGFR or c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Telisotuzumab binds + to c-Met, thereby preventing both c-Met binding to its ligand, HGF and the subsequent + activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. This may cause cell death in + c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed + or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, + survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + Telisotuzumab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C106262" + term_id: C106262 + term_version: 20.10d + +tepoditamab: + common: + description: >- + An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific human monoclonal antibody against human + CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human C-type lectin domain family 12 member + A (CLEC12A), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on certain tumor + cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tepoditamab + binds to both CD3 on T-cells and CLEC12A expressed on malignant cells, such + as myeloid blasts, atypical progenitor cells and leukemic stem cells (LSCs). + This results in the cross-linking of T-cells with tumor cells, and induces a + potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CLEC12A-expressing tumor + cells. CLEC12A, a myeloid differentiation antigen and member of the C-type lectin/C-type + lectin-like domain (CTL/CTLD) superfamily, is overexpressed on myeloid leukemia + cells, but not on normal early hematopoietic progenitors, including hematopoietic + stem cells (HSCs). + termDef: + term: >- + Tepoditamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148141" + term_id: C148141 + term_version: 20.10d + +tert: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell cycle regulation and telomere maintenance. + termDef: + term: >- + TERT Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18173" + term_id: C18173 + term_version: 20.10d + +test_value_reported: + common: + description: >- + An indication as to whether a test value has been reported or recorded. + termDef: + term: >- + Test Value Reported Indicator + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165229" + term_id: C165229 + term_version: 20.10d + +testosterone: + common: + description: >- + The determination of the amount of free and bound testosterone present in a + sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Total Testosterone Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C74793" + term_id: C74793 + term_version: 20.10d + +tet1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of DNA methylation. + termDef: + term: >- + TET1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95423" + term_id: C95423 + term_version: 20.10d + +tet2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in oxidation. + termDef: + term: >- + TET2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95252" + term_id: C95252 + term_version: 20.10d + +tetraploid: + common: + description: >- + A numerical chromosomal abnormality characterized by the presence of four complete + sets of chromosomes. + termDef: + term: >- + Tetraploidy + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C28450" + term_id: C28450 + term_version: 20.10d + +tf_binding_site_variant: + common: + description: >- + A change in the nucleotide sequence of a transcription factor binding site for + a gene. + termDef: + term: >- + Transcription Factor Binding Site Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148652" + term_id: C148652 + term_version: 20.10d + +tfbs_ablation: + common: + description: >- + A deletion mutation where the deleted sequence includes a transcription factor + binding site for a gene. + termDef: + term: >- + Transcription Factor Binding Site Deletion Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148653" + term_id: C148653 + term_version: 20.10d + +tfbs_amplification: + common: + description: >- + An increase in the copy number of a region containing a transcription factor + binding site for a gene. + termDef: + term: >- + Transcription Factor Binding Site Amplification + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C148654" + term_id: C148654 + term_version: 20.10d + +tfe3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional activation. It is involved in melanogenesis. + termDef: + term: >- + TFE3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24854" + term_id: C24854 + term_version: 20.10d + +tfeb: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + TFEB Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C94761" + term_id: C94761 + term_version: 20.10d + +tfg: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + TFG Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97834" + term_id: C97834 + term_version: 20.10d + +tfpt: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + TFPT Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97837" + term_id: C97837 + term_version: 20.10d + +tfrc: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a regulatory role in receptor-mediated endocytosis and iron + metabolism. + termDef: + term: >- + TFRC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38517" + term_id: C38517 + term_version: 20.10d + +tgfbeta_receptor_1_kinase_inhibitor_sh3051: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase + transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) receptor 1 (TGFbR1; activin receptor-like + kinase 5; ALK5), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. + Upon administration, TGFbR1 inhibitor SH3051 specifically targets and binds + to TGFbR1, which prevents TGFbR1-mediated signal transduction. This abrogates + TGFbR1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor + microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated + immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor cell death. This may lead + to a reduction in TGFbR1-dependent proliferation of tumor cells. The TGF-beta + signaling pathway is often deregulated in tumors and plays a key role in the + regulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, invasion, and + angiogenesis. It plays a key role in immunosuppression in the TME and cancer + cell progression. + termDef: + term: >- + TGF-beta Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitor SH3051 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173370" + term_id: C173370 + term_version: 20.10d + +tgfbeta_receptor_1_kinase_inhibitor_yl13027: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase transforming + growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFbR1; activin receptor-like kinase 5; ALK5), + with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, + TGF-betaR1 inhibitor YL-13027 specifically targets and binds to TGFbR1, which + prevents TGFbR1-mediated signal transduction. This abrogates TGFbR1-mediated + immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment + (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against + tumor cells leading to tumor cell death. This may lead to a reduction in TGFbR1-dependent + proliferation of cancer cells. The TGFb signaling pathway is often deregulated + in tumors and plays a key role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, + apoptosis, motility, invasion, and angiogenesis. It plays a key role in immunosuppression + in the TME and cancer cell progression. + termDef: + term: >- + TGF-beta Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitor YL-13027 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172107" + term_id: C172107 + term_version: 20.10d + +tgfape38_immunotoxin: + common: + description: >- + A recombinant, chimeric toxin composed of human transforming growth factor alpha + (TGF-alpha) fused to a fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE38) without its cell-binding + domain. The TGF-alpha moiety of the agent attaches to tumor cells expressing + the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR); the exotoxin induces caspase-mediated + apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage; it + also catalyzes the transfer of ADP ribose from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide + (NAD) to elongation factor-2 in eukaryotic cells, thereby inactivating elongation + factor 2 and inhibiting protein synthesis. (NCI04) + termDef: + term: >- + TGFa-PE38 Immunotoxin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C29483" + term_id: C29483 + term_version: 20.10d + +tgfbr2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in cellular proliferation and mitogenic responses. + termDef: + term: >- + TGFBR2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18592" + term_id: C18592 + term_version: 20.10d + +therapeutic_cancer_vaccine_atp128: + common: + description: >- + A self-adjuvanted chimeric recombinant protein vaccine, based on the self-adjuvanting + KISIMA immunization platform, composed of three components: the 42 residue fragment + Z12, a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) derived from the ZEBRA protein transduction + domain, a toll-like receptor (TLR) peptide agonist as an adjuvant and a chimeric + cargo, a multiple antigenic domain (MAD; MultiE), that contains an as of yet + not disclosed amount of major histocompatibility class (MHC)-restricted peptides + derived from as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are + specific for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, with potential immunomodulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of ATP128, the Z12 moiety + targets, binds to and penetrates antigen-presenting cells (APCs), specifically + dendritic cells (DCs) and promotes the loading of the epitopes into the DCs + and transports antigenic cargoes into both endosomal and cytosolic compartments. + Upon processing and antigen presentation by MHC II and I, the immune system + is stimulated and activates specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, respectively, against + the multi-epitopes specific for the CRC cells, thereby killing the CRC cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine ATP128 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165621" + term_id: C165621 + term_version: 20.10d + +thorium_th_227_anetumab_corixetan: + common: + description: >- + A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of anetumab, a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) + monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin, + conjugated to the chelating agent corixetan, and labeled with the alpha-emitting + radioisotope thorium Th 227, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration + of thorium Th 227 anetumab corixetan, the anetumab moiety binds to the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) mesothelin, delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to + cells expressing mesothelin. + termDef: + term: >- + Thorium Th 227 Anetumab Corixetan + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C155977" + term_id: C155977 + term_version: 20.10d + +thorium_th_227_antiher2_monoclonal_antibody_bay2701439: + common: + description: >- + A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a monoclonal antibody targeting the tyrosine + kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2) and labeled + with the alpha-emitting radioisotope thorium Th 227, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of BAY2701439 + targets and specifically binds to HER2 on tumor cells, delivering a cytotoxic + dose of alpha radiation to cells expressing HER2. HER2 is overexpressed in a + variety of cancer cell types and is associated with increased tumor cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + Thorium Th 227 Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2701439 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168996" + term_id: C168996 + term_version: 20.10d + +thorium_th_227_antipsma_monoclonal_antibody_bay_2315497: + common: + description: >- + A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and labeled, via + a 3-hydroxypyridin-2-one (3,2-HOPO) chelator, with the alpha-emitting radioisotope + thorium Th 227, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, + the monoclonal antibody moiety of BAY 2315497 targets and specifically binds + to PSMA on tumor cells, delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to cells + expressing PSMA. PSMA is overexpressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory + prostate cancer cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Thorium Th 227 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody BAY 2315497 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C175301" + term_id: C175301 + term_version: 20.10d + +thrap3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the activation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + THRAP3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97840" + term_id: C97840 + term_version: 20.10d + +thymidylate_synthase_inhibitor_cx1106: + common: + description: >- + A thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon administration, TS inhibitor CX1106 binds to and inhibits TS. This reduces + thymine nucleotide synthesis, inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division, causes + DNA damage and leads to tumor cell apoptosis. TS catalyzes the conversion of + deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP), an + essential precursor for DNA synthesis, and plays a key role in cell growth and + division. + termDef: + term: >- + Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor CX1106 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C168609" + term_id: C168609 + term_version: 20.10d + +tigit_inhibitor_m6223: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based + inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), a co-inhibitory molecule and immune + checkpoint inhibitor, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, TIGIT inhibitor M6223 targets and binds to + TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating + T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands + CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PRR2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus + receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5). This enhances the interaction + of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; + DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells + and CD8+ T-cells. This leads to CD226 dimerization and CD226-mediated signaling + and activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against + cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family (IgSF) and an immune inhibitory + receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; + it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral + immune responses. + termDef: + term: >- + TIGIT Inhibitor M6223 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173891" + term_id: C173891 + term_version: 20.10d + +tilogotamab: + common: + description: >- + An agonistic hexamer formation-enhanced mixture of two antibodies (HexaBody) + that target two separate epitopes on death receptor type 5 (DR5; TNFRSF10B; + tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2; TRAILR2), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tilogotamab specifically + binds to and activates DR5. This results in the activation of caspase cascades + and the induction of apoptosis in DR5-expressing tumor cells. DR5, a cell surface + receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), + is involved in the promotion of caspase-dependent apoptosis. Compared to other + DR5 antibody-based agonists, the antibodies in GEN1029 (DR5-01 and DR5-05) elicit + increased receptor activation because they exhibit enhanced formation of antibody + hexamers and receptor clusters at the cell surface due to E430G mutations in + the Fc domains of both antibodies. + termDef: + term: >- + Tilogotamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C153259" + term_id: C153259 + term_version: 20.10d + +tiomolibdate_choline: + common: + description: >- + An orally active second generation tetrathiomolybdate analog with anti-angiogenic + and antineoplastic activities. Tiomolibdate choline selectively chelates the + copper ion in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in endothelial cells, thereby depleting + SOD1 of copper and inhibiting its activity. Inhibition of SOD1 interferes with + the activation of several signal transduction pathways required for cellular + proliferation and angiogenesis, including those mediated by ERK1/2 and FAK and + Src kinases. This results in an inhibition of cell proliferation and angiogenesis + as well as induction of apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + Tiomolibdate Choline + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C62514" + term_id: C62514 + term_version: 20.10d + +tirbanibulin: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable small molecule Src kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic + activity. Unlike other Src kinase inhibitors which bind to the ATP-binding site, + tirbanibulin specifically binds to the peptide substrate binding site of Src + kinase; inhibition of kinase activity may result in the inhibition of primary + tumor growth and the suppression of metastasis. Src tyrosine kinases are upregulated + in many tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and + metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + Tirbanibulin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C74077" + term_id: C74077 + term_version: 20.10d + +tissue_nos: + common: + description: >- + An anatomical structure consisting of similarly specialized cells and intercellular + matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships, + performing a specific function. + termDef: + term: >- + Tissue + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C12801" + term_id: C12801 + term_version: 20.10d + +tlr7_agonist_bnt411: + common: + description: >- + A Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist with potential immunostimulating and antitumor + activities. Upon administration, TLR7 agonist BNT411 binds to and activates + TLR7. This may trigger, in addition to other possible responses, the activation + of cluster of differentiation (CD) 8+ T cells, B cells, and innate immune cells + including natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages. TLR7 is a member of the + TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation + of innate immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + TLR7 agonist BNT411 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167350" + term_id: C167350 + term_version: 20.10d + +tlr7_agonist_lhc165: + common: + description: >- + A benzonapthyridine Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist that is adsorbed to aluminum + hydroxide with immunostimulating and potential antitumor activities. Upon intratumoral + administration of TLR7 agonist LHC165, the agent is slowly released and targets, + binds to and activates TLR7. This may trigger, in addition to other possible + responses, the activation of cluster of differentiation (CD) 8+ T cells and + natural killer (NK) cells, the blockage of the suppressive function of regulatory + T cells (Tregs), and the production of interferon alpha (IFNa). TLR7 is a member + of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and + activation of innate immunity. + termDef: + term: >- + TLR7 Agonist LHC165 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C166362" + term_id: C166362 + term_version: 20.10d + +tlx1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation and organogenesis. Translocations + in the gene are associated with acute T-cell leukemia. + termDef: + term: >- + TLX1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18608" + term_id: C18608 + term_version: 20.10d + +tlx3: + common: + description: >- + This gene may be involved in transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + TLX3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C98099" + term_id: C98099 + term_version: 20.10d + +tm4sf1carepcamcarexpressing_autologous_t_cells: + common: + description: >- + A mixed preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified + to express either a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the antigen + transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 (TM4SF1) (CART-TM4SF1) or a CAR specific + for epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) (CART-EpCAM), with potential immunostimulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the TM4SF1-CAR/EpCAM-CAR-expressing + autologous T cells, the TM4SF1-CAR-expressing autologous T-cells specifically + recognize and bind to TM4SF1-expressing tumor cells and the EpCAM-CAR-expressing + autologous T-cells specifically recognize and bind to EpCAM-expressing tumor + cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. TM4SF1 and EpCAM are expressed by a variety + of tumor cells. + termDef: + term: >- + TM4SF1-CAR/EpCAM-CAR-expressing Autologous T Cells + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173965" + term_id: C173965 + term_version: 20.10d + +tmem127: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in signaling and protein trafficking. + termDef: + term: >- + TMEM127 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95303" + term_id: C95303 + term_version: 20.10d + +tmprss2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the activation of pathway signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + TMPRSS2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24871" + term_id: C24871 + term_version: 20.10d + +tnc: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell adhesion, differentiation and proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + TNC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C21091" + term_id: C21091 + term_version: 20.10d + +tnfaip3: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in the regulation of apoptosis. + termDef: + term: >- + TNFAIP3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C84928" + term_id: C84928 + term_version: 20.10d + +tnfrsf14: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in receptor signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + TNFRSF14 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97843" + term_id: C97843 + term_version: 20.10d + +tnfrsf17: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the modulation of cytokine signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + TNFRSF17 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97846" + term_id: C97846 + term_version: 20.10d + +tolebrutinib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, brain-penetrant, selective, small molecule inhibitor + of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory + activities. Upon oral administration, tolebrutinib is able to cross the blood-brain + barrier and inhibits the activity of BTK both peripherally and in the central + nervous system (CNS). This prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor + (BCR) signaling pathway, and the resulting immune activation and inflammation. + The inhibition of BTK activity also prevents microglial inflammatory signaling + in the CNS, and the resulting immune activation, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. + BTK, a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase and member of the Tec family of kinases, + plays an important role in B lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, + proliferation and survival. In addition to B cells, BTK is also expressed in + innate immune cells, including macrophages and microglia, and plays an important + role in the regulation of microglial inflammatory signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + Tolebrutinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173549" + term_id: C173549 + term_version: 20.10d + +top1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of both DNA topology and transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + TOP1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26591" + term_id: C26591 + term_version: 20.10d + +topotecan_sustainedrelease_episcleral_plaque: + common: + description: >- + An episcleral plaque containing sustained-release (SR) topotecan, a semisynthetic + derivative of camptothecin and a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted + from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminate, with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon local application of the topotecan SR episcleral plaque to the eye, topotecan + is released in a sustained manner and inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing + the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S phase of cell cycle, thereby + inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and + producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the + DNA replication machinery. The episcleral plaque allows for local delivery of + topotecan for the potential treatment of retinoblastoma. + termDef: + term: >- + Topotecan Sustained-release Episcleral Plaque + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173363" + term_id: C173363 + term_version: 20.10d + +total_bilirubin: + common: + description: >- + The measurement of the total amount of bilirubin present in a particular substrate. + The substrate most often tested is blood, but other fluids extracted from the + body may be used periodically depending on the purpose of the test. + termDef: + term: >- + Total Bilirubin Measurement + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C38037" + term_id: C38037 + term_version: 20.10d + +total_rna: + common: + description: >- + A biological sample comprised of all of the RNA collected from an experimental + subject. + termDef: + term: >- + Total RNA + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C163995" + term_id: C163995 + term_version: 20.10d + +tp53: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a critical role in cell cycle regulation and has tumor suppressor + activity. + termDef: + term: >- + TP53 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C17359" + term_id: C17359 + term_version: 20.10d + +tp63: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both transcriptional regulation and limb development. + termDef: + term: >- + TP63 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C91791" + term_id: C91791 + term_version: 20.10d + +tpm3: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in muscle contraction. + termDef: + term: >- + TPM3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97849" + term_id: C97849 + term_version: 20.10d + +tpm4: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in smooth muscle cell contraction. + termDef: + term: >- + TPM4 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97852" + term_id: C97852 + term_version: 20.10d + +tpr: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both nuclear transport and mitosis. + termDef: + term: >- + TPR Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97855" + term_id: C97855 + term_version: 20.10d + +tra: + common: + description: >- + This region represents the germline organization of the T cell receptor alpha + locus. The alpha locus includes V (variable), J (joining), and C (constant) + segments. During T cell development, the alpha chain is synthesized by a recombination + event at the DNA level joining a V segment with a J segment. The C segment is + later joined by splicing at the RNA level. Recombination of many different V + segments with several J segments provides a wide range of antigen recognition. + Additional diversity is attained by junctional diversity, resulting from the + random additional of nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase. (from + LocusLink) + termDef: + term: >- + T-Cell Receptor Alpha Locus + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26419" + term_id: C26419 + term_version: 20.10d + +traf7: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both MAPK signaling and protein ubiquitination. + termDef: + term: >- + TRAF7 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C107646" + term_id: C107646 + term_version: 20.10d + +transcript_ablation: + common: + description: >- + Any deletion mutation that occurs within a gene, including the 5' and 3' untranslated + regions of the gene. + termDef: + term: >- + Gene Deletion + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C16606" + term_id: C16606 + term_version: 20.10d + +transcript_amplification: + common: + description: >- + An increase in the copy number of a particular gene. This type of abnormality + can be either inherited or somatic. + termDef: + term: >- + Gene Amplification Abnormality + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C45581" + term_id: C45581 + term_version: 20.10d + +transferrincrm107: + common: + description: >- + A synthetic targeted protein toxin which consists of human transferrin (Tf) + conjugated to a diphtheria toxin that contains a point mutation (CRM107). After + binding to the transferrin receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, transferrin-CRM107 + is internalized, where the diphtheria toxin moiety exerts its cytotoxic effect + intracellularly by inhibiting protein synthesis through ADP-ribosylation of + elongation factor. (NCI04) + termDef: + term: >- + Transferrin-CRM107 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26676" + term_id: C26676 + term_version: 20.10d + +translocation: + common: + description: >- + A genetic exchange where a piece of one chromosome is transferred to another + chromosome. + termDef: + term: >- + Chromosomal Translocation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C3420" + term_id: C3420 + term_version: 20.10d + +trastuzumab_deruxtecan: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody + targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2; EGFR2; HER2) conjugated + to deruxtecan, a derivative of the camptothecin analog exatecan (DXd; DX-8951 + derivative), a DNA topoisomerase 1 (topoisomerase I; Top1) inhibitor, with antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab deruxtecan, trastuzumab targets + and binds to HER2 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, + deruxtecan binds to and inhibits Top1-DNA complexes, which results in an inhibition + of DNA replication, cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. HER2, a tyrosine + kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. In addition, trastuzumab + deruxtecan induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and + causes a bystander killing effect. + termDef: + term: >- + Trastuzumab Deruxtecan + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C128799" + term_id: C128799 + term_version: 20.10d + +trastuzumab_monomethyl_auristatin_f: + common: + description: >- + An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of the recombinant anti-epidermal + growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody trastuzumab conjugated to + the auristatin analog and potent microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin + F (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab + monomethyl auristatin F, the trastuzumab moiety binds to HER2 on tumor cell + surfaces; upon internalization, the MMAF moiety binds to and inhibits tubulin + polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. + HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Trastuzumab Monomethyl Auristatin F + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172821" + term_id: C172821 + term_version: 20.10d + +trastuzumabtlr_78_agonist_bdc1001: + common: + description: >- + An immune stimulating antibody conjugate (ISAC) consisting of trastuzumab, an + anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody, conjugated + to a Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 dual agonist, with potential immunostimulating + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of trastuzumab-TLR 7/8 agonist + BDC-1001, the trastuzumab moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor + cells and, simultaneously, the TLR 7/8 dual agonist moiety targets, binds to + and activates TLR7/8 expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), specifically + dendritic cells (DCs), in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The trastuzumab + binding to the tumor cells causes the engulfment of the BDC-1001-bound tumor + cells by tumor-associated myeloid (TAM) cells and the TAMs travel to the lymph + nodes. The DCs activated by the TLR7/8 agonist causes the activation of TLR7/8-mediated + pathways, and stimulates the maturation and activation of DCs, thereby re-activating + the immune system against the tumor cells. Activation of DCs results in the + production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL)- and B-lymphocyte-mediated immune responses against tumor-associated antigens + (TAAs), which lead to tumor cell lysis. TLR7 and 8, members of the TLR family, + play fundamental roles in the activation of the innate immune system, myeloid + cell responses and tumor antigen presentation. HER2 is overexpressed by a variety + of tumor cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Trastuzumab-TLR 7/8 Agonist BDC-1001 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172388" + term_id: C172388 + term_version: 20.10d + +trb: + common: + description: >- + This region represents the germline organization of the T cell receptor beta + locus. The beta locus includes V (variable), J (joining), diversity (D), and + C (constant) segments. During T cell development, the beta chain is synthesized + by a recombination event at the DNA level joining a D segment with a J segment; + a V segment is then joined to the D-J gene. The C segment is later joined by + splicing at the RNA level. Recombination of many different V segments with several + D and J segments provides a wide range of antigen recognition. Additional diversity + is attained by junctional diversity, resulting from the random additional of + nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase. Chromosomal abnormalities + involving the T-cell receptor beta locus have been associated with T-cell lymphomas. + (from LocusLink) + termDef: + term: >- + T-Cell Receptor Beta Locus + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26418" + term_id: C26418 + term_version: 20.10d + +trd: + common: + description: >- + This region represents the germline organization of the T cell receptordelta + locus. The delta locus includes V (variable), J (joining), diversity (D), and + C (constant) segments. During T cell development, the delta chain is synthesized + by a recombination event at the DNA level joining a D segment with a J segment; + a V segment is then joined to the D-J gene. The C segment is later joined by + splicing at the RNA level. Recombination of many different V segments with several + D and J segments provides a wide range of antigen recognition. Additional diversity + is attained by junctional diversity, resulting from the random additional of + nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase. (from LocusLink) + termDef: + term: >- + T-Cell Receptor Delta Locus + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C26420" + term_id: C26420 + term_version: 20.10d + +trim24: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in hormone-dependent gene transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + TRIM24 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C95280" + term_id: C95280 + term_version: 20.10d + +trim27: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the differentiation of male germ cells. + termDef: + term: >- + TRIM27 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24733" + term_id: C24733 + term_version: 20.10d + +trim33: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the mediation of protein ubiquitination. + termDef: + term: >- + TRIM33 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97858" + term_id: C97858 + term_version: 20.10d + +trip11: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in thyroid receptor binding. + termDef: + term: >- + TRIP11 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97861" + term_id: C97861 + term_version: 20.10d + +trisacryl_gelatin_microspheres: + common: + description: >- + An embolic particle composed of water-soluble, compressible, nonabsorbable microspheres + composed of tris-acryl gelatin, with potential use for embolization. Upon administration, + the tris-acryl gelatin microspheres (TAGM) serve as an embolic agent before + surgery for highly vascularized areas, such as those seen in certain tumors, + by penetrating into the blood vessel system and blocking blood flow. These microspheres + may be used to encapsulate various therapeutic agents; drug-loaded microspheres + can then be used as drug delivery vehicles during embolization of tumor vasculature. + termDef: + term: >- + Tris-acryl Gelatin Microspheres + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C126803" + term_id: C126803 + term_version: 20.10d + +trk_inhibitor_tqb3558: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk), with potential + antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Trk inhibitor TQB3558 targets + and binds to Trk, thereby preventing neurotrophin-Trk interaction and Trk activation. + This may lead to apoptosis of Trk-expressing tumor cells and the inhibition + of tumor cell proliferation in Trk-expressing tumors. Trk, a receptor tyrosine + kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types + and plays an important role in tumor cell growth and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + TRK Inhibitor TQB3558 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173560" + term_id: C173560 + term_version: 20.10d + +troriluzole: + common: + description: >- + A formulation comprised of a prodrug form of the benzothiazole derivative riluzole, + with potential anti-depressant, anxiolytic and antineoplastic activities. Following + oral administration, troriluzole is converted into the active form riluzole. + While the mechanism of action of riluzole is unknown, its pharmacological activities, + some of which may be related to its effect, include the following: 1) an inhibitory + effect on glutamate release, 2) inactivation of voltage-dependent sodium channels, + and 3) interference with intracellular events that follow transmitter binding + at excitatory amino acid receptors. These activities may result in myorelaxation + and sedation due to the blockade of glutamatergic neurotransmission. Additionally, + these activities may result in the inhibition of enzymes that are necessary + for cell growth, which may decrease tumor cell growth and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + Troriluzole + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C142847" + term_id: C142847 + term_version: 20.10d + +trrap: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in DNA repair and regulation of mitosis. + termDef: + term: >- + TRRAP Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24880" + term_id: C24880 + term_version: 20.10d + +tsc1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in cell cycle regulation and the loss of cellular adhesion. + termDef: + term: >- + TSC1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18259" + term_id: C18259 + term_version: 20.10d + +tsc2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction and cell cycle control. It is + involved in cell adhesion, differentiation, growth and migration. + termDef: + term: >- + TSC2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18260" + term_id: C18260 + term_version: 20.10d + +tshr: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays an important role in the regulation of thyroid cell metabolism. + termDef: + term: >- + TSHR Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24881" + term_id: C24881 + term_version: 20.10d + +tubular: + common: + description: >- + A morphological appearance characteristic of neoplasms which arise from the + glandular or ductal (or both) epithelium, consisting of glandular or ductal + neoplastic proliferations forming small tubules with a lumen lined by neoplastic + cells. + termDef: + term: >- + Tubular Pattern + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C35925" + term_id: C35925 + term_version: 20.10d + +tyrosine_kinase_inhibitor_tl895: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of tyrosine kinase, with potential anti-inflammatory + and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, tyrosine kinase inhibitor + TL-895 targets, binds to, and inhibits tyrosine kinase. This may result in the + inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and cell proliferation, and the inhibition + of immune-mediated inflammatory processes. Tyrosine kinases are upregulated + in many tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and + metastasis. In addition, they play important roles in the activation of leukocytes + and in many immune-mediated inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. + termDef: + term: >- + Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TL-895 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172809" + term_id: C172809 + term_version: 20.10d + +u2af1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the splicing of mRNA. + termDef: + term: >- + U2AF1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101113" + term_id: C101113 + term_version: 20.10d + +ubr5: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in protein ubiquitination. + termDef: + term: >- + UBR5 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C111928" + term_id: C111928 + term_version: 20.10d + +uncertain_significance: + common: + description: >- + A variation in a genetic sequence whose association with disease risk is unknown. + termDef: + term: >- + Variant of Unknown Significance + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C94187" + term_id: C94187 + term_version: 20.10d + +uninvolved: + common: + description: >- + Indicates the absence of tumor cells at the edge of a surgically excised specimen. + termDef: + term: >- + Negative Surgical Margin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C48621" + term_id: C48621 + term_version: 20.10d + +upifitamab: + common: + description: >- + A proprietary humanized monoclonal antibody against human sodium-dependent phosphate + transport protein 2B (SLC34A2; NaPi2b), with potential antineoplastic activity. + Upon administration of upifitamab, the antibody targets and binds to NaPi2b + expressed on tumor cells. Although the tumor cell killing effects of XMT-1535 + are not established, this binding may induce an antibody-dependent cellular + cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediated immune response against NaPi2b-expressing tumor + cells, and/or may inhibit NaPi2b-mediated sodium and phosphate ion cotransport + activity and ion-dependent tumor cell signaling. NaPi2b, a tumor-associated + antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on a variety of tumor cells. It plays a key + role in the transport of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and the maintenance of phosphate + homeostasis. + termDef: + term: >- + Upifitamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C147578" + term_id: C147578 + term_version: 20.10d + +upstream_gene_variant: + common: + description: >- + Any gene mutation that occurs in the sequences upstream from a coding region + of interest. + termDef: + term: >- + 5' Flank Mutation + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C63430" + term_id: C63430 + term_version: 20.10d + +urabrelimab: + common: + description: >- + A human monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with + potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + urabrelimab selectively binds to CD47 on tumor cells and blocks the interaction + of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein + expressed on macrophages. This prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and + abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic + signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically + expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related + protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages. This results in macrophage activation + and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. In addition, blocking CD47 signaling + activates both an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T cell-mediated + killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated + protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy + hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety + of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPalpha, leads + to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, + which allows cancer cells to proliferate. + termDef: + term: >- + Urabrelimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C155976" + term_id: C155976 + term_version: 20.10d + +urine: + common: + description: >- + The fluid that is excreted by the kidneys. It is stored in the bladder and discharged + through the urethra. + termDef: + term: >- + Urine + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C13283" + term_id: C13283 + term_version: 20.10d + +ursolic_acid: + common: + description: >- + A pentacyclic triterpenoid found in various fruits, vegetables and medicinal + herbs, with a variety of potential pharmacologic activities including anti-inflammatory, + antioxidative, antiviral, serum lipid-lowering, and antineoplastic activities. + Upon administration, ursolic acid may promote apoptosis and inhibit cancer cell + proliferation through multiple mechanisms. This may include the regulation of + mitochondrial function through various pathways including the ROCK/PTEN and + p53 pathways, the suppression of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) pathways, + and the increase in caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 activities. + termDef: + term: >- + Ursolic Acid + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C172843" + term_id: C172843 + term_version: 20.10d + +usp6: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the regulation of cellular ubiquitination. It also + plays a role in promoting the recycling of endocytic vesicles to the plasma + membrane. + termDef: + term: >- + USP6 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24892" + term_id: C24892 + term_version: 20.10d + +usp8: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis and cell proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + USP8 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24893" + term_id: C24893 + term_version: 20.10d + +uzansertib: + common: + description: >- + An orally available, small molecule and selective ATP-competitive pan-inhibitor + of proviral integration sites for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, uzansertib + binds to and inhibits the activities of the three PIM isoforms, PIM1, PIM2 and + PIM3. This prevents phosphorylation of their downstream targets and inhibits + proliferation in cells that overexpress PIMs. PIMs, constitutively active proto-oncogenic + serine/threonine kinases upregulated in various types of cancers, play key roles + in tumor cell proliferation and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Uzansertib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C124226" + term_id: C124226 + term_version: 20.10d + +valecobulin: + common: + description: >- + A benzophenone derivative and water soluble valine prodrug of the tubulin binding + agent S516, with potential tubulin-inhibiting, vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, valecobulin is converted into its active metabolite + S-516 that binds to tubulin and prevents its polymerization in tumor blood vessel + endothelial cells and tumor cells. This blocks the formation of the mitotic + spindle and leads to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. As a result, this + agent disrupts the tumor vasculature and tumor blood flow, deprives tumor cells + of nutrients and induces tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent has a + direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells by inhibiting tubulin polymerization. + termDef: + term: >- + Valecobulin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101264" + term_id: C101264 + term_version: 20.10d + +valemetostat: + common: + description: >- + An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferases + enhancer of zeste homolog 1 (EZH1) and 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon oral administration, valemetostat selectively inhibits the activity + of both wild-type and mutated forms of EZH1 and EZH2. Inhibition of EZH1/2 specifically + prevents the methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27). This decrease in + histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways, + enhances transcription of certain target genes, and results in decreased proliferation + of EZH1/2-expressing cancer cells. EZH1/2, histone lysine methyltransferase + (HMT) class enzymes and catalytic subunits of the polycomb repressive complex + 2 (PRC2), are overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and play + key roles in tumor cell proliferation, progression, stem cell self-renewal and + migration. + termDef: + term: >- + Valemetostat + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C127114" + term_id: C127114 + term_version: 20.10d + +vav1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signal transduction. It is involved in the development + and activation of both B cells and T cells. + termDef: + term: >- + VAV1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18365" + term_id: C18365 + term_version: 20.10d + +vertebral_canal: + common: + description: >- + The space formed by the series of vertebral foramina that courses the length + of the vertebral column, and which houses the spinal cord and meninges. + termDef: + term: >- + Vertebral Canal + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C33869" + term_id: C33869 + term_version: 20.10d + +vesencumab: + common: + description: >- + A human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against neuropilin-1 (NRP1), with + potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, + vesencumab specifically targets and binds to NRP1; the antibody-NRP1 complex + prevents the subsequent coupling of NRP1 to VEGFR2, thereby potentially inhibiting + VEGF-mediated signaling and potentially preventing angiogenesis. In combination + with other anti-VEGF therapies, vesencumab may enhance their anti-angiogenic + effect. NRP1 is a membrane-bound co-receptor normally expressed by endothelial + cells and overexpressed by certain tumor cells, and plays a role in angiogenesis, + cell survival, migration, and invasion. + termDef: + term: >- + Vesencumab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C91728" + term_id: C91728 + term_version: 20.10d + +vhl: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in transcriptional repression and protein degradation. + termDef: + term: >- + VHL Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18261" + term_id: C18261 + term_version: 20.10d + +vibecotamab: + common: + description: >- + An anti-CD123/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody, in which most of the + naturally-occurring Fc domain is maintained, with potential immunostimulatory + and antineoplastic activities. Vibecotamab possesses two antigen-recognition + and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins + that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD123, a tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration + of vibecotamab, this bispecific antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing + T-cells and CD123-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CD123-expressing + tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated + cell lysis of CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123, the interleukin-3 receptor + alpha chain, is overexpressed in a variety of hematological malignancies; its + expression is low or absent in normal hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells. + The Fc domain on the antibody prolongs the half-life of the bispecific antibody + and enhances T-cell mediated tumor cell killing through its binding to the Fc + receptors. + termDef: + term: >- + Vibecotamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C127120" + term_id: C127120 + term_version: 20.10d + +vibostolimab: + common: + description: >- + An antagonistic agent targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint + inhibitor T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory + motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT; T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains; + T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory + and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vibostolimab targets and + binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating + T-lymphocytes (TILs) and natural killer (NK) cells, thereby preventing the interaction + of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PVRL2) + and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5), which are + expressed on T-cells, NK cells and certain cancer cells. This enhances the interaction + of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; + DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as NK cells and CD8+ T-cells, + and activates CD226-mediated signaling. This activates the immune system to + exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member + of the Ig super family and an immune inhibitory receptor, is overexpressed on + tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T-cells and CD8+ TILs and plays a key role in the + suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor + cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses. + termDef: + term: >- + Vibostolimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C140041" + term_id: C140041 + term_version: 20.10d + +vorasidenib: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of mutated forms of both isocitrate dehydrogenase + type 1 (IDH1, IDH1 [NADP+] soluble) in the cytoplasm and type 2 (IDH2, isocitrate + dehydrogenase [NADP+], mitochondrial) in the mitochondria, with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon administration, vorasidenib specifically inhibits mutant forms + of IDH1 and IDH2, thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate + (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling + and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition + of cellular proliferation in tumor cells expressing IDH mutations. In addition, + vorasidenib is able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). IDH1 and 2, + metabolic enzymes that catalyze the conversion of isocitrate into a-KG, play + key roles in energy production and are mutated in a variety of cancer cell types. + In addition, mutant forms of IDH1 and 2 catalyze the formation of 2HG and drive + cancer growth by blocking cellular differentiation and inducing cellular proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + Vorasidenib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C152914" + term_id: C152914 + term_version: 20.10d + +vosilasarm: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable, non-steroidal selective androgen receptor modulator + (SARM), with potential tissue-selective androgenic/anti-androgenic activities. + Upon oral administration, vosilasarm acts as an agonist in select tissues, such + as skeletal muscle and bone, where it binds to and activates androgen receptors + (ARs). In the prostate and breasts, RAD140 acts as an antagonist and blocks + AR activation and AR-mediated cellular proliferation. Therefore, this agent + may improve bone formation and muscle mass and strength, and may inhibit both + the growth of the prostate in males and AR-dependent breast cancer cell proliferation. + Compared to anabolic agents, SARMs have reduced androgenic properties. + termDef: + term: >- + Vosilasarm + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C137950" + term_id: C137950 + term_version: 20.10d + +vti1a: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in vesicular transport. + termDef: + term: >- + VTI1A Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C99462" + term_id: C99462 + term_version: 20.10d + +vulinacimab: + common: + description: >- + A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial + growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) with potential anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic + activities. Upon administration, vulinacimab specifically binds to and inhibits + VEGFR-2, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. + VEGFR-2, a tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in angiogenesis + and the proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of endothelial + cells, is overexpressed in certain tumor types. + termDef: + term: >- + Vulinacimab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C156172" + term_id: C156172 + term_version: 20.10d + +was: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in signal transduction and plays a role in cell communication + and organization. + termDef: + term: >- + WAS Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C43236" + term_id: C43236 + term_version: 20.10d + +wdcp: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in binding to tyrosine-protein kinase HCK. + termDef: + term: >- + WDCP Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101428" + term_id: C101428 + term_version: 20.10d + +wee1_inhibitor_znc3: + common: + description: >- + An inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase Wee1 (Wee1-like protein kinase; Wee1A kinase; + WEE1hu) with potential antineoplastic sensitizing activity. Although the exact + mechanism of action by which this agent inhibits Wee1 has yet to be disclosed, + upon administration of ZN-c3, this agent targets and inhibits Wee1. Inhibition + of Wee1 promotes both premature mitosis and a prolonged mitotic arrest leading + to cell death in susceptible tumor cells, such as p53-deficient or mutated human + cancers that lack the G1 checkpoint, upon treatment with DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic + agents. Unlike normal cells, most p53-deficient or mutated human cancers lack + the G1 checkpoint as p53 is the key regulator of the G1 checkpoint and these + cells rely on the G2 checkpoint for DNA repair to damaged cells. Annulment of + the G2 checkpoint may therefore make p53-deficient tumor cells more vulnerable + to antineoplastic agents and enhance their cytotoxic effect. Overexpression + of Wee1 occurs in several cancer types and high expression of Wee1 is associated + with poor outcomes. Wee1 phosphorylates Cdc2 in the Cdc2/cyclin B (CDK1/cyclin + B) complex which blocks progression from G2 into mitosis; it negatively regulates + the G2 checkpoint by disallowing entry into mitosis in response to DNA damage. + termDef: + term: >- + Wee1 Inhibitor ZN-c3 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C167064" + term_id: C167064 + term_version: 20.10d + +wee1_kinase_inhibitor_debio_0123: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the human tyrosine kinase Wee1 (Wee1-like + protein kinase; Wee1A kinase; WEE1hu), with potential antineoplastic sensitizing + activity. Upon oral administration of Debio 0123, this agent targets, binds + to and inhibits Wee1. Inhibition of Wee1 inhibits Cdk1 (Cdc2) phosphorylation, + promotes both premature mitosis and a prolonged mitotic arrest, which results + in the accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage. This leads to apoptosis in susceptible + tumor cells, such as p53-deficient or mutated human cancers that lack the G1 + checkpoint, especially in combination with DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents. + Unlike normal cells, most p53-deficient or mutated human cancers lack the G1 + checkpoint as p53 is the key regulator of the G1 checkpoint and these cells + rely on the G2 checkpoint for DNA repair to damaged cells. Annulment of the + G2 checkpoint may therefore make p53-deficient tumor cells more vulnerable to + antineoplastic agents and enhance their cytotoxic effect. Overexpression of + Wee1 occurs in several cancer types and high expression of Wee1 is associated + with poor outcomes. Wee1 phosphorylates Cdc2 in the Cdc2/cyclin B (CDK1/cyclin + B) complex which blocks progression from G2 into mitosis. The Wee1 tyrosine + kinase is activated upon DNA damage and regulates the G2-M and S cell cycle + checkpoints. + termDef: + term: >- + Wee1 Kinase Inhibitor Debio 0123 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C173426" + term_id: C173426 + term_version: 20.10d + +wgs: + common: + description: >- + A procedure that can determine the DNA sequence for nearly the entire genome + of an individual. + termDef: + term: >- + Whole Genome Sequencing + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101294" + term_id: C101294 + term_version: 20.10d + +wif1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in Wnt protein-dependent signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + WIF1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97867" + term_id: C97867 + term_version: 20.10d + +wnk2: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in electrolyte homeostasis, cell signaling, cell survival, + and cellular proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + WNK2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143106" + term_id: C143106 + term_version: 20.10d + +wrn: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in DNA repair and the unwinding of DNA. + termDef: + term: >- + WRN Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20070" + term_id: C20070 + term_version: 20.10d + +wt1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in regulation of transcription. It is involved in the + control of both cell differentiation and proliferation. + termDef: + term: >- + WT1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C18262" + term_id: C18262 + term_version: 20.10d + +wwtr1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in regulation of transcription. It is involved in fetal/neonatal + cardiac and muscle development. + termDef: + term: >- + WWTR1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C24844" + term_id: C24844 + term_version: 20.10d + +wxs: + common: + description: >- + A procedure that can determine the DNA sequence for all of the exons in an individual. + termDef: + term: >- + Whole Exome Sequencing + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101295" + term_id: C101295 + term_version: 20.10d + +xevinapant: + common: + description: >- + An orally available mimetic of the natural second mitochondrial-derived activator + of caspases (Smac) and inhibitor of Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs), + with potential immunomodulating, apoptotic-inducing, chemo-radio-sensitizing + and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration,xevinapant targets and + binds to the Smac binding groove on IAPs, including the direct caspase inhibitor + X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP), and the cellular IAPs 1 (c-IAP1) and 2 (c-IAP2). + This inhibits the activities of these IAPs and promotes the induction of apoptosis. + Additionally, as xevinapant inhibits the activity of IAPs, it may work synergistically + with cytotoxic drugs and/or radiation to overcome tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. + As IAPs regulate nuclear factor-kappa B (NFkB) signaling pathways, which drives + the expression of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses, xevinapant + may enhance anti-tumor immune responses when administered with certain immunomodulating + agents, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors. IAPs are overexpressed by many + cancer cell types and suppress both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis by binding + to and inhibiting active caspases via their baculoviral lAP repeat (BIR) domains. + They contribute to chemo-radio-resistance of cancer cells to certain cytotoxic + agents and radiation, promote tumor cell survival and are associated with poor + prognosis in certain types of cancer. SMAC, a pro-apoptotic mitochondrial protein, + is an endogenous inhibitor of the IAPs family of cellular proteins. + termDef: + term: >- + Xevinapant + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C90574" + term_id: C90574 + term_version: 20.10d + +xiliertinib: + common: + description: >- + An orally available, ATP-competitive inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor + receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, + xiliertinib binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR. This prevents EGFR-mediated + signaling, and may lead to both induction of cell death and inhibition of tumor + growth in EGFR-overexpressing cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated + in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor + vascularization. + termDef: + term: >- + Xiliertinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C162552" + term_id: C162552 + term_version: 20.10d + +xisomab_3g3: + common: + description: >- + A humanized anti-factor XI (FXI) antibody, with potential anti-thrombotic activity. + Upon administration, xisomab 3G3 targets and binds to the apple 2 domain of + FXI, thereby preventing the binding of FXI to factor XIIa (FXIIa). This blocks + factor XIIa-mediated FXI activation without inhibiting FXI activation by thrombin + or the procoagulant function of FXIa. The abrogation of FXI activation prolongs + the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and reduces platelet and fibrin + accumulation. This results in the inhibition of contact activation-initiated + blood coagulation and prevents thrombus formation. FXI contributes to thrombotic + disease while playing a limited role in normal hemostasis. Activation of FXI + is essential for thrombus growth and stabilization. + termDef: + term: >- + Xisomab 3G3 + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C171173" + term_id: C171173 + term_version: 20.10d + +xpa: + common: + description: >- + This gene facilitates DNA binding in repair processes and is associated with + the disease xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A. + termDef: + term: >- + XPA Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C20361" + term_id: C20361 + term_version: 20.10d + +xpc: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in nucleotide excision repair. + termDef: + term: >- + XPC Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97870" + term_id: C97870 + term_version: 20.10d + +xpo1: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in the regulation of nuclear export. + termDef: + term: >- + XPO1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C99484" + term_id: C99484 + term_version: 20.10d + +yttrium_y_90_tabituximab_barzuxetan: + common: + description: >- + A radioimmunoconjugate composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) OTSA101 + against FZD10 and labeled with yttrium y 90, with potential antineoplastic activity. + The MoAb moiety of yttrium Y 90-labeled anti-FZD10 monoclonal antibody OTSA101 + binds to FZD10, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to FZD10 + positive tumor cells. FZD10 (also called CD350), a member of the Frizzled family + of G protein-coupled receptors that is involved in the Wnt/beta-catenin/TCF + signaling pathway, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types but undetectable + in normal, healthy human tissues except for the placenta. + termDef: + term: >- + Yttrium Y 90 Tabituximab Barzuxetan + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C99168" + term_id: C99168 + term_version: 20.10d + +ywhae: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in signaling. + termDef: + term: >- + YWHAE Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101116" + term_id: C101116 + term_version: 20.10d + +zandelisib: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphatidylinositide + 3-kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, + zandelisib selectively inhibits the delta isoform of PI3K and prevents the activation + of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This both decreases proliferation and induces + cell death in PI3K-delta-overexpressing tumor cells. PI3K-delta plays a key + role in the proliferation and survival of hematologic cancer cells. The targeted + inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic + cells. PI3K, an enzyme often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial + role in tumor cell regulation and survival. + termDef: + term: >- + Zandelisib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C123925" + term_id: C123925 + term_version: 20.10d + +zanidatamab: + common: + description: >- + An engineered immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bi-specific monoclonal antibody that + targets two different non-overlapping epitopes of the human tumor-associated + antigen (TAA) epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), ECD2 and ECD4, with + potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, + zanidatamab targets and binds to the two distinct HER2 domains on the tumor + cell surface. This results in dual HER2 signal blockade, HER2 clustering, receptor + internalization and downregulation. This also induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte + (CTL) response and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against + tumor cells that overexpress HER2. Antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis + (ADCP) is also induced and further stimulates the immune system to kill HER2-overexpressing + tumor cells. The HER2 receptor internalization also further inhibits HER2 activation, + HER2-mediated signaling and HER2-mediated tumor cell growth. HER2, a tyrosine + kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Zanidatamab + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C130010" + term_id: C130010 + term_version: 20.10d + +zbtb16: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in apoptosis and regulation of transcription. It is also + involved in cell organization/biogenesis and megakaryocytic development. + termDef: + term: >- + ZBTB16 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C28635" + term_id: C28635 + term_version: 20.10d + +zcchc8: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in RNA binding. + termDef: + term: >- + ZCCHC8 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C122878" + term_id: C122878 + term_version: 20.10d + +zeb1: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in the transcriptional repression of interleukin 2. + termDef: + term: >- + ZEB1 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C105605" + term_id: C105605 + term_version: 20.10d + +zelavespib: + common: + description: >- + A purine-based heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic + activity. Zelavespib specifically inhibits active Hsp90, thereby inhibiting + its chaperone function and promoting the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic + signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This may + result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation in susceptible tumor cell + populations. Hsp90, a molecular chaperone protein, is upregulated in a variety + of tumor cell types. + termDef: + term: >- + Zelavespib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101227" + term_id: C101227 + term_version: 20.10d + +zfhx3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in myoblast and neuronal differentiation. + termDef: + term: >- + ZFHX3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C115424" + term_id: C115424 + term_version: 20.10d + +zmym3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in chromatin modification. + termDef: + term: >- + ZMYM3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101617" + term_id: C101617 + term_version: 20.10d + +znf198: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional modulation. + termDef: + term: >- + ZMYM2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97873" + term_id: C97873 + term_version: 20.10d + +znf331: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation. + termDef: + term: >- + ZNF331 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97879" + term_id: C97879 + term_version: 20.10d + +znf384: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both transcriptional regulation and DNA binding. + termDef: + term: >- + ZNF384 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97882" + term_id: C97882 + term_version: 20.10d + +znf429: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in the regulation of gene transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + ZNF429 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143100" + term_id: C143100 + term_version: 20.10d + +znf444: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in both transcriptional regulation and DNA binding. + termDef: + term: >- + ZNF444 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C106358" + term_id: C106358 + term_version: 20.10d + +znf479: + common: + description: >- + This gene may play a role in the regulation of gene transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + ZNF479 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C143103" + term_id: C143103 + term_version: 20.10d + +znf521: + common: + description: >- + This gene plays a role in both the positive and negative regulation of transcription. + termDef: + term: >- + ZNF521 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C97885" + term_id: C97885 + term_version: 20.10d + +znrf3: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in protein ubiquitination and Wnt pathway inhibition. + termDef: + term: >- + ZNRF3 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C118319" + term_id: C118319 + term_version: 20.10d + +zorifertinib: + common: + description: >- + An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zorifertinib + binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR as well as certain mutant forms of + EGFR. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, and may lead to both induction + of cell death and inhibition of tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing cells. EGFR, + a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role + in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. + termDef: + term: >- + Zorifertinib + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C118289" + term_id: C118289 + term_version: 20.10d + +zotatifin: + common: + description: >- + A selective inhibitor of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (eIF4A), + with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of zotatifin, this + agent targets and binds to elF4A, and promotes eIF4A binding to mRNA with specific + polypurine motifs within their 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR), leading to the + formation of a stable sequence-specific ternary complex with eIF4A and mRNA + (elF4A- zotatifin-mRNA). This results in the translational repression of key + oncogenes and anti-apoptotic proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation, + survival and metastasis, such as KRAS, Myc, myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1), + B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and 6, cyclin D, + fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 1 and 2, human epidermal growth factor + receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2), and beta-catenin. The inhibition of the expression + of these oncogenes leads to the inhibition of various oncogenic signal transduction + pathways. This inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in tumor cells. + eIF4A, a RNA helicase and the rate-limiting component of the eukaryotic translation + initiation complex, catalyzes the ATP-dependent unwinding of RNA duplexes and + facilitates 43S ribosome scanning within the 5'-UTR. elF4A is activated by various + oncogenic signaling pathways, including RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase + (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathways, and regulates + the translation of oncogenes and tumor survival factors with complex secondary + structures within the 5'-UTRs that are required for tumor cell proliferation, + survival and metastasis. + termDef: + term: >- + Zotatifin + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C165746" + term_id: C165746 + term_version: 20.10d + +zotiraciclib_citrate: + common: + description: >- + An orally bioavailable citrate salt form of zotiraciclib a multi-kinase inhibitor + for cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) subtypes 1, 2, 7 and 9, Janus-associated kinase + 2 (JAK2), FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, FLK2, STK1), with potential antineoplastic + activity. Upon oral administration, CDK/JAK2/FLT3 Inhibitor TG02 binds to and + inhibits the CDK subtypes, JAK2, and FLT3. TG02 also inhibits, to a lesser extent, + TYK2, TYRO3, STAT5 and P38delta. This may result in both an induction of apoptosis + and an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress + these kinases. JAK2, often upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cells, + mediates STAT3 activation and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and + survival. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases that play key roles in the regulation + of the cell cycle and cellular proliferation. FLT3, a class III tyrosine kinase + receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage and acute myeloid leukemias. + termDef: + term: >- + Zotiraciclib Citrate + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C105851" + term_id: C105851 + term_version: 20.10d + +zrsr2: + common: + description: >- + This gene is involved in mRNA processing. + termDef: + term: >- + ZRSR2 Gene + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C101120" + term_id: C101120 + term_version: 20.10d + +experimental_protocol_type: + common: + description: + The type of experiment used to extract the analyte. + termDef: + term: + source: + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: + +rna_integrity_number: + common: + description: >- + A numerical assessment of the integrity of RNA based on the entire electrophoretic + trace of the RNA sample, including the presence or absence of degradation products. + termDef: + term: >- + RNA Integrity Number + source: NCIt + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: "https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C63637" + term_id: C63637 + term_version: 20.10d + +ann_arbor_b_symptoms_described: + common: + description: + Text descibing the specific lymphoma B-symptoms present. + termDef: + term: + source: + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: + +necrosis_present: + common: + description: >- + Indicator describing whether the presence of necrosis was confirmed. + termDef: + term: + source: + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: + +sarcomatoid_percent: + common: + description: >- + Numeric value that represents the percentage of sarcomatoid features found in + a specific tissue sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Specimen Sarcomatoid Features Percentage Value + source: caDSR + cde_id: 2429786 + cde_version: 1.0 + term_url: "https://cdebrowser.nci.nih.gov/cdebrowserClient/cdeBrowser.html#/search?publicId=2429786&version=1.0" + +rhabdoid_percent: + common: + description: >- + Numeric value that represents the percentage of rhabdoid features found in a + specific tissue sample. + termDef: + term: >- + Specimen Rhabdoid Features Percentage Value + source: caDSR + cde_id: 6790120 + cde_version: 1.0 + term_url: "https://cdebrowser.nci.nih.gov/cdebrowserClient/cdeBrowser.html#/search?publicId=6790120&version=1.0" + +rhabdoid_present: + common: + description: >- + Indicator describing whether rhabdoid features were present. + termDef: + term: + source: + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: + +sarcomatoid_present: + common: + description: >- + Indicator describing whether sarcomatoid features were present. + termDef: + term: + source: + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: + +chipseq_antibody: + common: + description: >- + The antibody used in the ChIP-Seq assay. + termDef: + term: + source: + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: + +fragmentation_enzyme: + common: + description: >- + The restriction enzyme used for nucleotide fragmentation. + termDef: + term: + source: + cde_id: + cde_version: + term_url: diff --git a/server/data/aligned_reads.yaml b/server/data/aligned_reads.yaml index 61bbc555..44db6bd6 100644 --- a/server/data/aligned_reads.yaml +++ b/server/data/aligned_reads.yaml @@ -130,14 +130,26 @@ properties: - ATAC-Seq - Bisulfite-Seq - ChIP-Seq + - HiChIP - Low Pass WGS - miRNA-Seq - RNA-Seq + - scATAC-Seq - scRNA-Seq - Targeted Sequencing - Validation - WGS - WXS + enumDef: + Targeted Sequencing: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/targeted_sequencing/common" + WGS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wgs/common" + WXS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wxs/common" mean_coverage: $ref: @@ -170,21 +182,11 @@ properties: - "_terms.yaml#/proportion_base_mismatch/common" type: number - proportion_coverage_10X: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/proportion_coverage_10x/common" - type: number - proportion_coverage_10x: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/proportion_coverage_10x/common" type: number - proportion_coverage_30X: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/proportion_coverage_30x/common" - type: number - proportion_coverage_30x: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/proportion_coverage_30x/common" diff --git a/server/data/analyte.yaml b/server/data/analyte.yaml index 1301134d..06fee401 100644 --- a/server/data/analyte.yaml +++ b/server/data/analyte.yaml @@ -84,6 +84,13 @@ properties: - Repli-G X (Qiagen) DNA - RNA - Total RNA + enumDef: + DNA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dna/common" + Total RNA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/total_rna/common" analyte_type_id: $ref: @@ -110,6 +117,27 @@ properties: - "_terms.yaml#/concentration/common" type: number + experimental_protocol_type: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/experimental_protocol_type/common" + enum: + - aDNA Preparation Type + - Allprep FFPE DNA + - Allprep RNA Extraction + - Chemical Lysis DNA Extraction + - Genomplex + - HighPure miRNA (Allprep DNA) FFPE RNA + - mirVana (Allprep DNA) RNA + - nRNA - Melanoma Protocol + - Pre-extracted DNA received by TSS + - Repli-G + - Repli-G X + - Total RNA + enumDef: + Total RNA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/total_rna/common" + normal_tumor_genotype_snp_match: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/normal_tumor_genotype_snp_match/common" @@ -141,6 +169,11 @@ properties: - "_terms.yaml#/ribosomal_rna_28s_16s_ratio/common" type: number + rna_integrity_number: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rna_integrity_number/common" + type: number + spectrophotometer_method: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/spectrophotometer_method/common" diff --git a/server/data/annotation.yaml b/server/data/annotation.yaml index 4cde2ad1..26bb7672 100644 --- a/server/data/annotation.yaml +++ b/server/data/annotation.yaml @@ -166,6 +166,12 @@ links: target_type: gene_expression multiplicity: many_to_many required: false + - name: masked_methylation_arrays + backref: annotations + label: annotates + target_type: masked_methylation_array + multiplicity: many_to_many + required: false - name: masked_somatic_mutations backref: annotations label: annotates @@ -184,6 +190,18 @@ links: target_type: mirna_expression multiplicity: many_to_many required: false + - name: molecular_tests + backref: annotations + label: annotates + target_type: molecular_test + multiplicity: many_to_many + required: false + - name: pathology_details + backref: annotations + label: annotates + target_type: pathology_detail + multiplicity: many_to_many + required: false - name: pathology_reports backref: annotations label: annotates @@ -489,6 +507,9 @@ properties: gene_expressions: $ref: "_definitions.yaml#/to_many" + masked_methylation_arrays: + $ref: "_definitions.yaml#/to_many" + masked_somatic_mutations: $ref: "_definitions.yaml#/to_many" @@ -498,6 +519,12 @@ properties: mirna_expressions: $ref: "_definitions.yaml#/to_many" + molecular_tests: + $ref: "_definitions.yaml#/to_many" + + pathology_details: + $ref: "_definitions.yaml#/to_many" + pathology_reports: $ref: "_definitions.yaml#/to_many" diff --git a/server/data/case.yaml b/server/data/case.yaml index 9fa3b2d5..b798653b 100644 --- a/server/data/case.yaml +++ b/server/data/case.yaml @@ -133,95 +133,6 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported - Not Applicable - - Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia - - Acute Myeloid Leukemia - - Adrenocortical Carcinoma - - Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma - - Brain Lower Grade Glioma - - Breast Invasive Carcinoma - - Burkitt Lymphoma - - Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma - - Cholangiocarcinoma - - Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - - Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney - - Colon Adenocarcinoma - - Esophageal Carcinoma - - Glioblastoma Multiforme - - Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma - - High-Risk Wilms Tumor - - HIV+ Tumor Molecular Characterization Project - Cervical Cancer - - HIV+ Tumor Molecular Characterization Project - Lung Cancer - - Kidney Chromophobe - - Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma - - Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma - - Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma - - Lung Adenocarcinoma - - Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma - - Lymphoid Neoplasm Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma - - Mesothelioma - - Multiple Myeloma - - Neuroblastoma - - Osteosarcoma - - Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma - - Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma - - Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma - - Prostate Adenocarcinoma - - Rectum Adenocarcinoma - - Rhabdoid Tumor - - Sarcoma - - Skin Cutaneous Melanoma - - Stomach Adenocarcinoma - - Testicular Germ Cell Tumors - - Thymoma - - Thyroid Carcinoma - - Uterine Carcinosarcoma - - Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma - - Uveal Melanoma - deprecated_enum: - - Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia - - Acute Myeloid Leukemia - - Adrenocortical Carcinoma - - Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma - - Brain Lower Grade Glioma - - Breast Invasive Carcinoma - - Burkitt Lymphoma - - Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma - - Cholangiocarcinoma - - Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - - Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney - - Colon Adenocarcinoma - - Esophageal Carcinoma - - Glioblastoma Multiforme - - Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma - - High-Risk Wilms Tumor - - HIV+ Tumor Molecular Characterization Project - Cervical Cancer - - HIV+ Tumor Molecular Characterization Project - Lung Cancer - - Kidney Chromophobe - - Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma - - Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma - - Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma - - Lung Adenocarcinoma - - Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma - - Lymphoid Neoplasm Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma - - Mesothelioma - - Multiple Myeloma - - Neuroblastoma - - Osteosarcoma - - Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma - - Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma - - Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma - - Prostate Adenocarcinoma - - Rectum Adenocarcinoma - - Rhabdoid Tumor - - Sarcoma - - Skin Cutaneous Melanoma - - Stomach Adenocarcinoma - - Testicular Germ Cell Tumors - - Thymoma - - Thyroid Carcinoma - - Uterine Carcinosarcoma - - Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma - - Uveal Melanoma enumDef: Unknown: $ref: @@ -229,21 +140,9 @@ properties: Not Reported: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - Mesothelioma: + Not Applicable: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/mesothelioma/common" - Multiple Myeloma: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/multiple_myeloma/common" - Neuroblastoma: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/neuroblastoma/common" - Osteosarcoma: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/osteosarcoma/common" - Sarcoma: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/sarcoma/common" + - "_terms.yaml#/not_applicable/common" index_date: $ref: @@ -350,45 +249,6 @@ properties: - Vulva - Unknown - Not Reported - - Adrenal Gland - - Bile Duct - - Blood - - Bone - - Bone Marrow - - Cervix - - Colorectal - - Eye - - Head and Neck - - Liver - - Lung - - Lymph Nodes - - Nervous System - - Not Applicable - - Pleura - - Prostate - - Soft Tissue - - Thyroid - - Uterus - deprecated_enum: - - Adrenal Gland - - Bile Duct - - Blood - - Bone - - Bone Marrow - - Cervix - - Colorectal - - Eye - - Head and Neck - - Liver - - Lung - - Lymph Nodes - - Nervous System - - Not Applicable - - Pleura - - Prostate - - Soft Tissue - - Thyroid - - Uterus enumDef: Unknown: $ref: diff --git a/server/data/center.yaml b/server/data/center.yaml index f88a4fe1..9e8b2fdf 100644 --- a/server/data/center.yaml +++ b/server/data/center.yaml @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ properties: namespace: description: >- - Domain name of the center (e.g. borad.mit.edu). + Domain name of the center (e.g. broad.mit.edu). type: string name: diff --git a/server/data/diagnosis.yaml b/server/data/diagnosis.yaml index 56e6c427..7f6e77c2 100644 --- a/server/data/diagnosis.yaml +++ b/server/data/diagnosis.yaml @@ -47,10 +47,7 @@ uniqueKeys: deprecated: - micropapillary_features - mitotic_count - - non_nodal_regional_disease - - non_nodal_tumor_deposits - papillary_renal_cell_type - - tumor_stage properties: @@ -241,6 +238,7 @@ properties: - Stage IA - Stage IA1 - Stage IA2 + - Stage IA3 - Stage IB - Stage IB Cervix - Stage IB1 @@ -551,6 +549,7 @@ properties: - M1a - M1b - M1c + - M1d - M2 - MX - cM0 (i+) @@ -1030,66 +1029,6 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - anaplasia_present: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/anaplasia_present/common" - enum: - - "Yes" - - "No" - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - "Yes": - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/yes/common" - "No": - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/no/common" - Unknown: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - - anaplasia_present_type: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/anaplasia_present_type/common" - enum: - - Absent - - Diffuse - - Equivocal - - Focal - - Present - - Sclerosis - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - Absent: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/absent/common" - Diffuse: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/diffuse/common" - Equivocal: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/equivocal/common" - Focal: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/focal/common" - Present: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/present/diagnosis/anaplasia_present_type" - Sclerosis: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/sclerosis/common" - Unknown: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - ann_arbor_b_symptoms: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/ann_arbor_b_symptoms/common" @@ -1118,6 +1057,15 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_allowed_to_collect/common" + ann_arbor_b_symptoms_described: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ann_arbor_b_symptoms_described/common" + enum: + - Fever + - Night Sweats + - Other + - Weight Loss + ann_arbor_clinical_stage: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/ann_arbor_clinical_stage/common" @@ -1310,11 +1258,6 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/vgprvery_good_partial_response/common" - breslow_thickness: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/breslow_thickness/common" - type: number - burkitt_lymphoma_clinical_variant: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/burkitt_lymphoma_clinical_variant/common" @@ -1413,11 +1356,6 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - circumferential_resection_margin: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/circumferential_resection_margin/common" - type: number - classification_of_tumor: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/classification_of_tumor/common" @@ -2063,16 +2001,6 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - greatest_tumor_dimension: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/greatest_tumor_dimension/common" - type: integer - - gross_tumor_weight: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/gross_tumor_weight/common" - type: number - igcccg_stage: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/igcccg_stage/common" @@ -2370,32 +2298,6 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - largest_extrapelvic_peritoneal_focus: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/largest_extrapelvic_peritoneal_focus/common" - enum: - - Macroscopic (2cm or less) - - Macroscopic (greater than 2cm) - - Microscopic - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - Macroscopic (2cm or less): - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/macroscopic_2cm_or_less/common" - Macroscopic (greater than 2cm): - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/macroscopic_greater_than_2cm/common" - Microscopic: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/microscopic/common" - Unknown: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - last_known_disease_status: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/last_known_disease_status/common" @@ -2462,72 +2364,6 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - lymph_nodes_positive: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/lymph_nodes_positive/common" - type: integer - - lymph_nodes_tested: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/lymph_nodes_tested/common" - type: integer - - lymphatic_invasion_present: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/lymphatic_invasion_present/common" - enum: - - "Yes" - - "No" - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - "Yes": - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/yes/common" - "No": - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/no/common" - Unknown: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - - lymph_node_involved_site: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/lymph_node_involved_site/common" - enum: - - Axillary - - Cervical - - Epitrochlear - - Femoral - - Hilar - - Iliac-common - - Iliac-external - - Iliac, NOS - - Inguinal - - Mediastinal - - Mesenteric - - None - - Occipital - - Paraaortic - - Parotid - - Popliteal - - Retroperitoneal - - Splenic - - Submandibular - - Supraclavicular - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - Unknown: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - margin_distance: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/margin_distance/common" @@ -2653,7 +2489,9 @@ properties: - Distant Nodes - Distant Organ - Esophagus + - Gastrointestinal Tract - Groin + - Heart - Kidney - Liver - Lung @@ -2661,6 +2499,7 @@ properties: - Lymph Node, Inguinal - Lymph Node, NOS - Mediastinum + - Neck - Omentum - Ovary - Pancreas @@ -2668,11 +2507,16 @@ properties: - Peritoneal Cavity - Peritoneum - Pleura + - Retroperitoneum - Scalp - Skin - Small Intestine - Soft Tissue - Spinal Cord + - Urethra + - Uterine Adnexa + - Vertebral Canal + - Vulva, NOS - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: @@ -2727,6 +2571,9 @@ properties: Mediastinum: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/mediastinum/common" + Neck: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/neck/common" Omentum: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/omentum/common" @@ -2763,6 +2610,15 @@ properties: Spinal Cord: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/spinal_cord/common" + Uterine Adnexa: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/uterine_adnexa/common" + Vertebral Canal: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vertebral_canal/common" + Vulva, NOS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vulva_nos/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -3141,6 +2997,7 @@ properties: - 8247/3 - 8248/1 - 8249/3 + - 8249/6 - 8250/1 - 8250/2 - 8250/3 @@ -3489,6 +3346,7 @@ properties: - 8790/0 - 8800/0 - 8800/3 + - 8800/6 - 8800/9 - 8801/3 - 8801/6 @@ -7109,54 +6967,6 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - non_nodal_regional_disease: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/non_nodal_regional_disease/common" - enum: - - Absent - - Indeterminate - - Present - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - Absent: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/absent/common" - Indeterminate: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/indeterminate/common" - Present: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/present/common" - Unknown: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - - non_nodal_tumor_deposits: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/non_nodal_tumor_deposits/common" - enum: - - "Yes" - - "No" - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - "Yes": - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/yes/common" - "No": - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/no/common" - Unknown: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - ovarian_specimen_status: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/ovarian_specimen_status/common" @@ -7223,55 +7033,6 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/type_2/common" - percent_tumor_invasion: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/percent_tumor_invasion/common" - type: number - - perineural_invasion_present: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/perineural_invasion_present/common" - enum: - - "Yes" - - "No" - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - "Yes": - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/yes/common" - "No": - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/no/common" - Unknown: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - - peripancreatic_lymph_nodes_positive: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/peripancreatic_lymph_nodes_positive/common" - enum: - - "0" - - 1-3 - - 4 or More - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - Unknown: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - - peripancreatic_lymph_nodes_tested: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/peripancreatic_lymph_nodes_tested/common" - type: number - peritoneal_fluid_cytological_status: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/peritoneal_fluid_cytological_status/common" @@ -12095,7 +11856,7 @@ properties: - "_terms.yaml#/ewing_sarcoma/common" Ewing tumor: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/ewing_sarcoma/common" + - "_terms.yaml#/ewing_tumor/common" Extra-abdominal desmoid: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/extraabdominal_desmoid/common" @@ -18078,6 +17839,12 @@ properties: Abdominal Peritoneum: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/abdominal_peritoneum/common" + Kidney, Lower Pole: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kidney_lower_pole/common" + Kidney, Upper Pole: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kidney_upper_pole/common" Omentum: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/omentum/common" @@ -18091,7 +17858,11 @@ properties: enum: - Cerebral Cortex - Deep Gray (e.g. Basal Ganglia, Thalamus) + - Frontal lobe + - Occipital lobe + - Parietal lobe - Spinal Cord + - Temporal lobe - White Matter - Unknown - Not Reported @@ -18102,9 +17873,21 @@ properties: Deep Gray (e.g. Basal Ganglia, Thalamus): $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/deep_gray_eg_basal_ganglia_thalamus/common" + Frontal lobe: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/frontal_lobe/common" + Occipital lobe: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/occipital_lobe/common" + Parietal lobe: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/parietal_lobe/common" Spinal Cord: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/spinal_cord/common" + Temporal lobe: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/temporal_lobe/common" White Matter: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/white_matter/common" @@ -19238,28 +19021,6 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - transglottic_extension: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/transglottic_extension/common" - enum: - - Absent - - Present - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - Absent: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/absent/diagnosis/transglottic_extension" - Present: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/present/diagnosis/transglottic_extension" - Unknown: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - tumor_confined_to_organ_of_origin: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/tumor_confined_to_organ_of_origin/common" @@ -19365,11 +19126,6 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - tumor_largest_dimension_diameter: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/tumor_largest_dimension_diameter/common" - type: number - tumor_regression_grade: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/tumor_regression_grade/common" @@ -19400,71 +19156,6 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - tumor_stage: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/tumor_stage/common" - type: string - - vascular_invasion_present: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/vascular_invasion_present/common" - enum: - - "Yes" - - "No" - - Unknown - - Not Reported - - Not Allowed To Collect - enumDef: - "Yes": - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/yes/common" - "No": - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/no/common" - Unknown: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - Not Allowed To Collect: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_allowed_to_collect/common" - - vascular_invasion_type: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/vascular_invasion_type/common" - enum: - - Extramural - - Intramural - - Macro - - Micro - - No Vascular Invasion - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - Extramural: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/extramural/common" - Intramural: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/intramural/common" - Macro: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/macro/common" - Micro: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/micro/common" - No Vascular Invasion: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/no_vascular_invasion/common" - Unknown: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - weiss_assessment_score: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/weiss_assessment_score/common" diff --git a/server/data/exposure.yaml b/server/data/exposure.yaml index 8f141b96..12d491e9 100644 --- a/server/data/exposure.yaml +++ b/server/data/exposure.yaml @@ -170,11 +170,6 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - bmi: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/bmi/common" - type: number - cigarettes_per_day: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/cigarettes_per_day/common" @@ -250,11 +245,6 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/tobacco/common" - height: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/height/common" - type: number - marijuana_use_per_week: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/marijuana_use_per_week/common" @@ -670,11 +660,6 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/smokeless_tobacco/common" - weight: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/weight/common" - type: number - years_smoked: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/years_smoked/common" diff --git a/server/data/follow_up.yaml b/server/data/follow_up.yaml index 500d78ee..6c98da41 100644 --- a/server/data/follow_up.yaml +++ b/server/data/follow_up.yaml @@ -940,6 +940,9 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + None: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/none/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -951,6 +954,7 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/comorbidity/common" enum: + - Abnormal Glucose Level - Acute Renal Failure - Adenocarcinoma - Adenomatous Polyposis Coli @@ -982,9 +986,11 @@ properties: - Cerebrovascular Disease - Chlamydia - Cholelithiasis + - Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - Chronic Renal Failure - Chronic Systemic Steroid Use - Cirrhosis, Unknown Etiology + - Clonal Hematopoiesis - Colon Polyps - Common Variable Immunodeficiency - Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) @@ -1010,7 +1016,9 @@ properties: - Epstein-Barr Virus - Familial Adenomatous Polyposis - Fanconi Anemia + - Fibromyalgia - Fibrosis + - Gastritis - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - GERD - Glaucoma @@ -1116,6 +1124,9 @@ properties: Cancer: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/cancer/common" + Epstein-Barr Virus: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/epsteinbarr_virus/common" Other: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/other/common" @@ -1467,6 +1478,9 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + None: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/none/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -1503,6 +1517,12 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Positive: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/positive/common" + Negative: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/negative/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -1532,6 +1552,9 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + None: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/none/common" Other: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/other/common" @@ -1986,6 +2009,27 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Bone marrow: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bone_marrow/common" + Frontal lobe: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/frontal_lobe/common" + Occipital lobe: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/occipital_lobe/common" + Parietal lobe: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/parietal_lobe/common" + Temporal lobe: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/temporal_lobe/common" + Uterine adnexa: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/uterine_adnexa/common" + Vulva, NOS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vulva_nos/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -2035,6 +2079,9 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Not Applicable: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_applicable/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -2046,6 +2093,7 @@ properties: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/risk_factor/common" enum: + - Abnormal Glucose Level - Adenosis (Atypical Adenomatous Hyperplasia) - Alcohol Consumption - Alcoholic Liver Disease @@ -2080,6 +2128,7 @@ properties: - Chlamydia - Cholelithiasis - Chronic Hepatitis + - Chronic Kidney Disease - Chronic Systemic Steroid Use - Cirrhosis - Colon Polyps @@ -2102,10 +2151,12 @@ properties: - Epithelial Dysplasia - Epithelial Hyperplasia - Epstein-Barr Virus + - Escherichia coli - Familial Adenomatous Polyposis - Fanconi Anemia - Fibrosis - Gastric Polyp(s) + - Gastritis - Gilbert's Syndrome - Glomerular Disease - Gorlin Syndrome @@ -2166,6 +2217,7 @@ properties: - Shingles - Sialadenitis - Sjogren's Syndrome + - Skin Rash - Squamous Metaplasia - Staphylococcus aureus - Steatosis @@ -2193,6 +2245,9 @@ properties: Cancer: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/cancer/common" + Epstein-Barr Virus: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/epsteinbarr_virus/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" diff --git a/server/data/masked_methylation_array.yaml b/server/data/masked_methylation_array.yaml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..abf13f56 --- /dev/null +++ b/server/data/masked_methylation_array.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ +$schema: "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#" + +id: "masked_methylation_array" +title: Masked Methylation Array +type: object +namespace: https://gdc.cancer.gov +category: data_file +project: '*' +program: '*' +description: >- + Data file containing channel data from a methylation array after masking of potential + genotyping information. +additionalProperties: false +submittable: false +downloadable: true +previous_version_downloadable: true +validators: null + +systemProperties: + - id + - project_id + - created_datetime + - updated_datetime + - file_state + - state + - error_type + +links: + - name: methylation_array_harmonization_workflows + backref: masked_methylation_arrays + label: data_from + target_type: methylation_array_harmonization_workflow + multiplicity: many_to_one + required: true + +required: + - submitter_id + - file_name + - file_size + - md5sum + - data_category + - data_format + - data_type + - experimental_strategy + - platform + - channel + +uniqueKeys: + - [id] + - [project_id, submitter_id] + +properties: + + $ref: + - "_definitions.yaml#/data_file_properties" + + channel: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/channel/common" + enum: + - Green + - Red + + chip_id: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chip_id/common" + type: string + + chip_position: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chip_position/common" + type: string + + data_category: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/data_category/common" + enum: + - DNA Methylation + + data_format: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/data_format/common" + enum: + - IDAT + + data_type: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/data_type/common" + enum: + - Masked Intensities + + experimental_strategy: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/experimental_strategy/common" + enum: + - Methylation Array + + plate_name: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/plate_name/common" + type: string + + plate_well: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/plate_well/common" + type: string + + platform: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/platform/common" + enum: + - Illumina Human Methylation 27 + - Illumina Human Methylation 450 + - Illumina Methylation Epic + + methylation_array_harmonization_workflows: + $ref: "_definitions.yaml#/to_one" diff --git a/server/data/molecular_test.yaml b/server/data/molecular_test.yaml index 3bf93c9e..47859cbc 100644 --- a/server/data/molecular_test.yaml +++ b/server/data/molecular_test.yaml @@ -30,6 +30,12 @@ links: target_type: follow_up multiplicity: many_to_one required: true + - name: slides + backref: molecular_tests + label: related_to + target_type: slide + multiplicity: many_to_one + required: false required: - submitter_id @@ -80,6 +86,7 @@ properties: - CD79A - CEA - HLA-DR + - Ki67 - Mesothelin - NSE - Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) @@ -87,6 +94,93 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + BCL6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl6/common" + CA-125: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ca125/common" + CA19-9: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ca199/common" + CCND1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccnd1/common" + CD10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd10/common" + CD117: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd117/common" + CD138: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd138/common" + CD14: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd14/common" + CD15: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd15/common" + CD19: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd19/common" + CD20: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd20/common" + CD22: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd22/common" + CD23: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd23/common" + CD25: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd25/common" + CD3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd3/common" + CD30: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd30/common" + CD33: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd33/common" + CD34: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd34/common" + CD45: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd45/common" + CD5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd5/common" + CD56: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd56/common" + CD7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd7/common" + CD79A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd79a/common" + CEA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cea/common" + HLA-DR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hladr/common" + Mesothelin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mesothelin/common" + NSE: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nse/common" + Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA): + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prostatespecific_antigen_psa/common" + Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen (SCCA): + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/squamous_cell_carcinoma_antigen_scca/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -124,6 +218,63 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Bone Marrow: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bone_marrow/common" + Buccal Mucosa: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/buccal_mucosa/common" + Buffy Coat: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/buffy_coat/common" + Cerebrospinal Fluid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cerebrospinal_fluid/common" + Connective Tissue: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/connective_tissue/common" + Embryonic Fluid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/embryonic_fluid/common" + Embryonic Tissue: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/embryonic_tissue/common" + Feces: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/feces/common" + Granulocyte: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/granulocyte/common" + Muscle Tissue: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/muscle_tissue/common" + Nerve Tissue: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nerve_tissue/common" + Peritoneal Fluid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/peritoneal_fluid/common" + Plasma: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/plasma/common" + Pleural Fluid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pleural_fluid/common" + Saliva: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/saliva/common" + Serum: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/serum/common" + Soft Tissue: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/soft_tissue/common" + Tissue, NOS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tissue_nos/common" + Urine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/urine/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -183,6 +334,84 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + chr1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr1/common" + chr2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr2/common" + chr3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr3/common" + chr4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr4/common" + chr5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr5/common" + chr6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr6/common" + chr7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr7/common" + chr8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr8/common" + chr9: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr9/common" + chr10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr10/common" + chr11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr11/common" + chr12: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr12/common" + chr13: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr13/common" + chr14: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr14/common" + chr15: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr15/common" + chr16: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr16/common" + chr17: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr17/common" + chr18: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr18/common" + chr19: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr19/common" + chr20: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr20/common" + chr21: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr21/common" + chr22: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr22/common" + chr23: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chr23/common" + chrM: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chrm/common" + chrX: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chrx/common" + chrY: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chry/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -201,6 +430,13 @@ properties: enum: - Clonal - Non-clonal + enumDef: + Clonal: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/clonal/common" + Non-clonal: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nonclonal/common" cytoband: $ref: @@ -339,6 +575,7 @@ properties: - CHD2 - CHD4 - CHEK2 + - CHGA - CHIC2 - CHST11 - CIC @@ -849,6 +1086,7 @@ properties: - SUFU - SUZ12 - SYK + - SYP - TAF15 - TAL1 - TAL2 @@ -931,461 +1169,2994 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: - Unknown: + A1CF: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: + - "_terms.yaml#/a1cf/common" + ABI1: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - - histone_family: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/histone_family/common" - enum: - - H1 - - H2A - - H2B - - H3 - - H4 - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - Unknown: + - "_terms.yaml#/abi1/common" + ABL1: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: + - "_terms.yaml#/abl1/common" + ABL2: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - - histone_variant: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/histone_variant/common" - enum: - - CENP-A - - H2A-Bbd - - H2A.X - - H2A.Z - - H2A.Z.1 - - H2A.Z.2 - - H2A.Z.2.2 - - H3.1 - - H3.2 - - H3.3 - - H3.5 - - H3.X - - H3.Y - - H3t (H3.4) - - mH2A - - mH2A.1 - - mH2A.2 - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - Unknown: + - "_terms.yaml#/abl2/common" + ACKR3: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: + - "_terms.yaml#/ackr3/common" + ACSL3: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - - intron: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/intron/common" - type: string - pattern: "^(0|[1-9][0-9]{0,3})[a-z]?$" - - laboratory_test: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/laboratory_test/common" - enum: - - 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid - - Absolute Neutrophil - - Albumin - - Alpha Fetoprotein - - B-cell genotyping - - Basophil - - Beta 2 Microglobulin - - Blood Urea Nitrogen - - C-Reactive Protein - - Calcium - - Cellularity - - Chromogranin A - - Chromogranin B - - Circulating Tumor Cells - - Creatinine - - Eosinophil - - Epstein-Barr Virus - - Gamma-Enolase - - Glucose - - Hematocrit - - Hemoglobin - - HPV-E6/E7 - - Human Chorionic Gonadotropin - - Human Papillomavirus - - Immunoglobulin A - - Immunoglobulin G - - Immunoglobulin M - - Lactate Dehydrogenase - - Leukocytes - - Luteinizing Hormone - - Lymphoblasts - - Lymphocytes - - M Protein - - Metamyelocytes - - Myeloblasts - - Myelocytes - - Neutrophil Bands - - Platelets - - Prolymphocytes - - Promonocytes - - Promyelocytes - - Segmented Neutrophil - - Serum Free Immunoglobulin Light Chain, Kappa - - Serum Free Immunoglobulin Light Chain, Lambda - - Serum Free Immunoglobulin Light Chain, NOS - - Testosterone - - Total Bilirubin - - Total Protein - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - Albumin: + - "_terms.yaml#/acsl3/common" + ACSL6: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/albumin/common" - Calcium: + - "_terms.yaml#/acsl6/common" + ACVR1: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/calcium/common" - Creatinine: + - "_terms.yaml#/acvr1/common" + ACVR2A: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/creatinine/common" - Glucose: + - "_terms.yaml#/acvr2a/common" + AFF1: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/glucose/common" - Hemoglobin: + - "_terms.yaml#/aff1/common" + AFF3: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/hemoglobin/common" - Unknown: + - "_terms.yaml#/aff3/common" + AFF4: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: + - "_terms.yaml#/aff4/common" + AKAP9: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - - loci_abnormal_count: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/loci_abnormal_count/common" - type: integer - - loci_count: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/loci_count/common" - type: integer - - locus: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/locus/common" - type: string - pattern: "^(AC_|NC_|NG_|NT_|NW_|NZ_b|NM_|NR_|XM_c|XR_c|AP_|NP_|^(AC_|NC_|NG_|NT_|NW_|NZ_b|NM_|NR_|XM_c|XR_c|AP_|NP_YP_c|XP_c|WP_)[0-9]+(\\.(0|[1-9][0-9]{0,3}))?$" - - mismatch_repair_mutation: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/mismatch_repair_mutation/common" - enum: - - "Yes" - - "No" - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - "Yes": + - "_terms.yaml#/akap9/common" + AKT1: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/yes/common" - "No": + - "_terms.yaml#/akt1/common" + AKT2: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/no/common" - Unknown: + - "_terms.yaml#/akt2/common" + AKT3: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: + - "_terms.yaml#/akt3/common" + ALDH2: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - - mitotic_count: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/mitotic_count/common" - type: number - - mitotic_total_area: - type: number - - molecular_analysis_method: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/molecular_analysis_method/common" - enum: - - Comparative Genomic Hybridization - - Cytogenetics, NOS - - FISH - - Flow Cytometry - - IHC - - Immunofluorescence - - ISH - - Karyotype - - Microarray - - Microsatellite Analysis - - Nuclear Staining - - Other - - PCR - - RNA Sequencing - - RT-PCR - - Sequencing, NOS - - Southern Blotting - - Targeted Sequencing - - WGS - - WXS - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - Other: + - "_terms.yaml#/aldh2/common" + ALK: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/other/common" - Unknown: + - "_terms.yaml#/alk/common" + AMER1: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: + - "_terms.yaml#/amer1/common" + ANK1: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - - molecular_consequence: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/molecular_consequence/common" - enum: - - 3 Prime UTR Variant - - 5 Prime UTR Variant - - Coding Sequence Variant - - Downstream Gene Variant - - Feature Elongation - - Feature Truncation - - Frameshift Variant - - Incomplete Terminal Codon Variant - - Inframe Deletion - - Inframe Insertion - - Intergenic Variant - - Intron Variant - - Mature miRNA Variant - - Missense Variant - - NMD Transcript Variant - - Non-coding Transcript Exon Variant - - Non-coding Transcript Variant - - Nonsense - - Protein Altering Variant - - Regulatory Region Ablation - - Regulatory Region Amplification - - Regulatory Region Variant - - Splice Acceptor Variant - - Splice Donor Variant - - Splice Region Variant - - Start Lost - - Stop Gain - - Stop Lost - - Stop Retained Variant - - Synonymous Variant - - TF Binding Site Variant - - TFBS Ablation - - TFBS Amplification - - Transcript Ablation - - Transcript Amplification - - Upstream Gene Variant - - pathogenicity: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/pathogenicity/common" - enum: - - Benign - - Likely Benign - - Likely Pathogenic - - Pathogenic - - Uncertain Significance - - ploidy: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/ploidy/common" - enum: - - Aneuploid - - Diploid - - Hyperdiploid - - Hypodiploid - - Near Diploid - - Tetraploid - - Unknown - - Not Reported - enumDef: - Unknown: + - "_terms.yaml#/ank1/common" + APC: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" - Not Reported: + - "_terms.yaml#/apc/common" + APOBEC3B: $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" - - second_exon: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/second_exon/common" - type: string - pattern: "^(0|[1-9][0-9]{0,3})[a-z]?$" - - second_gene_symbol: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/second_gene_symbol/common" - enum: - - A1CF - - ABI1 - - ABL1 - - ABL2 - - ACKR3 - - ACSL3 - - ACSL6 - - ACVR1 - - ACVR2A - - AFF1 - - AFF3 - - AFF4 - - AKAP9 - - AKT1 - - AKT2 - - AKT3 - - ALDH2 - - ALK - - AMER1 - - ANK1 - - APC - - APOBEC3B - - AR - - ARAF - - ARHGAP26 - - ARHGAP5 - - ARHGEF12 - - ARID1A - - ARID1B - - ARID2 - - ARNT - - ASPSCR1 - - ASXL1 - - ASXL2 - - ATF1 - - ATIC - - ATM - - ATP1A1 - - ATP2B3 - - ATR - - ATRX - - AXIN1 - - AXIN2 - - B2M - - BAP1 - - BARD1 - - BCL10 - - BCL11A - - BCL11B - - BCL2 - - BCL2L12 - - BCL3 - - BCL6 - - BCL7A - - BCL9 - - BCL9L - - BCLAF1 - - BCOR - - BCORL1 - - BCR - - BIRC3 - - BIRC6 - - BLM - - BMP5 - - BMPR1A - - BRAF - - BRCA1 - - BRCA2 - - BRD3 - - BRD4 - - BRIP1 - - BTG1 - - BTK - - BUB1B - - C15orf65 - - CACNA1D - - CALR - - CAMTA1 - - CANT1 - - CARD11 - - CARS - - CASP8 - - CBFA2T3 - - CBFB - - CBL - - CBLB - - CBLC - - CCDC6 - - CCNB1IP1 - - CCNC - - CCND1 - - CCND2 - - CCND3 - - CCNE1 - - CCR4 - - CCR7 - - CD209 - - CD274 - - CD28 - - CD74 - - CD79A - - CD79B - - CD99 - - CDC73 - - CDH1 - - CDH10 - - CDH11 - - CDH17 - - CDK12 - - CDK4 - - CDK6 - - CDKN1A - - CDKN1B - - CDKN2A - - CDKN2C - - CDX2 - - CEBPA - - CEP89 - - CHCHD7 - - CHD2 - - CHD4 - - CHEK2 - - CHIC2 - - CHST11 - - CIC - - CIITA - - CLIP1 - - CLP1 - - CLTC - - CLTCL1 - - CNBD1 - - CNBP - - CNOT3 - - CNTNAP2 - - CNTRL - - COL1A1 - - COL2A1 - - COL3A1 - - COX6C - - CREB1 - - CREB3L1 - - CREB3L2 - - CREBBP - - CRLF2 - - CRNKL1 - - CRTC1 - - CRTC3 - - CSF1R - - CSF3R - - CSMD3 - - CTCF + - "_terms.yaml#/apobec3b/common" + AR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ar/common" + ARAF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/araf/common" + ARHGAP26: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/arhgap26/common" + ARHGAP5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/arhgap5/common" + ARHGEF12: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/arhgef12/common" + ARID1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/arid1a/common" + ARID1B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/arid1b/common" + ARID2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/arid2/common" + ARNT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/arnt/common" + ASPSCR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/aspscr1/common" + ASXL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/asxl1/common" + ASXL2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/asxl2/common" + ATF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atf1/common" + ATIC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atic/common" + ATM: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atm/common" + ATP1A1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atp1a1/common" + ATP2B3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atp2b3/common" + ATR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atr/common" + ATRX: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atrx/common" + AXIN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/axin1/common" + AXIN2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/axin2/common" + B2M: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/b2m/common" + BAP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bap1/common" + BARD1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bard1/common" + BCL10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl10/common" + BCL11A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl11a/common" + BCL11B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl11b/common" + BCL2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl2/common" + BCL2L12: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl2l12/common" + BCL3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl3/common" + BCL6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl6/common" + BCL7A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl7a/common" + BCL9: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl9/common" + BCL9L: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl9l/common" + BCLAF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bclaf1/common" + BCOR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcor/common" + BCORL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcorl1/common" + BCR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcr/common" + BIRC3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/birc3/common" + BIRC6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/birc6/common" + BLM: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/blm/common" + BMP5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bmp5/common" + BMPR1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bmpr1a/common" + BRAF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/braf/common" + BRCA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/brca1/common" + BRCA2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/brca2/common" + BRD3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/brd3/common" + BRD4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/brd4/common" + BRIP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/brip1/common" + BTG1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/btg1/common" + BTK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/btk/common" + BUB1B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bub1b/common" + C15orf65: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/c15orf65/common" + CACNA1D: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cacna1d/common" + CALR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/calr/common" + CAMTA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/camta1/common" + CANT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cant1/common" + CARD11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/card11/common" + CARS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cars/common" + CASP8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/casp8/common" + CBFA2T3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cbfa2t3/common" + CBFB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cbfb/common" + CBL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cbl/common" + CBLB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cblb/common" + CBLC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cblc/common" + CCDC6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccdc6/common" + CCNB1IP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccnb1ip1/common" + CCNC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccnc/common" + CCND1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccnd1/common" + CCND2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccnd2/common" + CCND3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccnd3/common" + CCNE1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccne1/common" + CCR4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccr4/common" + CCR7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccr7/common" + CD209: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd209/common" + CD274: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd274/common" + CD28: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd28/common" + CD74: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd74/common" + CD79A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd79a/common" + CD79B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd79b/common" + CD99: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd99/common" + CDC73: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdc73/common" + CDH1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdh1/common" + CDH10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdh10/common" + CDH11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdh11/common" + CDH17: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdh17/common" + CDK12: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdk12/common" + CDK4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdk4/common" + CDK6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdk6/common" + CDKN1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdkn1a/common" + CDKN1B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdkn1b/common" + CDKN2A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdkn2a/common" + CDKN2C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdkn2c/common" + CDX2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdx2/common" + CEBPA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cebpa/common" + CEP89: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cep89/common" + CHCHD7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chchd7/common" + CHD2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chd2/common" + CHD4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chd4/common" + CHEK2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chek2/common" + CHGA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chga/common" + CHIC2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chic2/common" + CHST11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chst11/common" + CIC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cic/common" + CIITA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ciita/common" + CLIP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/clip1/common" + CLP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/clp1/common" + CLTC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cltc/common" + CLTCL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cltcl1/common" + CNBD1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cnbd1/common" + CNBP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cnbp/common" + CNOT3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cnot3/common" + CNTNAP2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cntnap2/common" + CNTRL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cntrl/common" + COL1A1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/col1a1/common" + COL2A1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/col2a1/common" + COL3A1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/col3a1/common" + COX6C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cox6c/common" + CREB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/creb1/common" + CREB3L1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/creb3l1/common" + CREB3L2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/creb3l2/common" + CREBBP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/crebbp/common" + CRLF2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/crlf2/common" + CRNKL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/crnkl1/common" + CRTC1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/crtc1/common" + CRTC3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/crtc3/common" + CSF1R: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/csf1r/common" + CSF3R: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/csf3r/common" + CSMD3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/csmd3/common" + CTCF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ctcf/common" + CTNNA2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ctnna2/common" + CTNNB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ctnnb1/common" + CTNND1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ctnnd1/common" + CTNND2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ctnnd2/common" + CUL3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cul3/common" + CUX1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cux1/common" + CXCR4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cxcr4/common" + CYLD: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cyld/common" + CYP2C8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cyp2c8/common" + CYSLTR2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cysltr2/common" + DAXX: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/daxx/common" + DCAF12L2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dcaf12l2/common" + DCC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dcc/common" + DCTN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dctn1/common" + DDB2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ddb2/common" + DDIT3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ddit3/common" + DDR2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ddr2/common" + DDX10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ddx10/common" + DDX3X: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ddx3x/common" + DDX5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ddx5/common" + DDX6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ddx6/common" + DEK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dek/common" + DGCR8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dgcr8/common" + DICER1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dicer1/common" + DNAJB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dnajb1/common" + DNM2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dnm2/common" + DNMT3A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dnmt3a/common" + DROSHA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/drosha/common" + DUX4L1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dux4l1/common" + EBF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ebf1/common" + ECT2L: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ect2l/common" + EED: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eed/common" + EGFR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/egfr/common" + EIF1AX: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eif1ax/common" + EIF3E: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eif3e/common" + EIF4A2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eif4a2/common" + ELF3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/elf3/common" + ELF4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/elf4/common" + ELK4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/elk4/common" + ELL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ell/common" + ELN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eln/common" + EML4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eml4/common" + EP300: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ep300/common" + EPAS1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/epas1/common" + EPHA3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/epha3/common" + EPHA7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/epha7/common" + EPS15: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eps15/common" + ERBB2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/erbb2/common" + ERBB3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/erbb3/common" + ERBB4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/erbb4/common" + ERC1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/erc1/common" + ERCC2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ercc2/common" + ERCC3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ercc3/common" + ERCC4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ercc4/common" + ERCC5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ercc5/common" + ERG: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/erg/common" + ESR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/esr1/common" + ETNK1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/etnk1/common" + ETV1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/etv1/common" + ETV4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/etv4/common" + ETV5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/etv5/common" + ETV6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/etv6/common" + EWSR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ewsr1/common" + EXT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ext1/common" + EXT2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ext2/common" + EZH2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ezh2/common" + EZR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ezr/common" + FAM131B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fam131b/common" + FAM135B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fam135b/common" + FAM46C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fam46c/common" + FAM47C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fam47c/common" + FANCA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fanca/common" + FANCC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fancc/common" + FANCD2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fancd2/common" + FANCE: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fance/common" + FANCF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fancf/common" + FANCG: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fancg/common" + FAS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fas/common" + FAT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fat1/common" + FAT3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fat3/common" + FAT4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fat4/common" + FBLN2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fbln2/common" + FBXO11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fbxo11/common" + FBXW7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fbxw7/common" + FCGR2B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fcgr2b/common" + FCRL4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fcrl4/common" + FEN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fen1/common" + FES: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fes/common" + FEV: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fev/common" + FGFR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fgfr1/common" + FGFR1OP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fgfr1op/common" + FGFR2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fgfr2/common" + FGFR3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fgfr3/common" + FGFR4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fgfr4/common" + FH: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fh/common" + FHIT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fhit/common" + FIP1L1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fip1l1/common" + FKBP9: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fkbp9/common" + FLCN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/flcn/common" + FLI1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fli1/common" + FLNA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/flna/common" + FLT3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/flt3/common" + FLT4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/flt4/common" + FNBP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fnbp1/common" + FOXA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foxa1/common" + FOXL2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foxl2/common" + FOXO1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foxo1/common" + FOXO3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foxo3/common" + FOXO4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foxo4/common" + FOXP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foxp1/common" + FOXR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foxr1/common" + FSTL3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fstl3/common" + FUBP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fubp1/common" + FUS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fus/common" + GAS7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gas7/common" + GATA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gata1/common" + GATA2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gata2/common" + GATA3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gata3/common" + GLI1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gli1/common" + GMPS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gmps/common" + GNA11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gna11/common" + GNAQ: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gnaq/common" + GNAS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gnas/common" + GOLGA5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/golga5/common" + GOPC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gopc/common" + GPC3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gpc3/common" + GPHN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gphn/common" + GRIN2A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/grin2a/common" + GRM3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/grm3/common" + H3F3A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h3f3a/common" + H3F3B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h3f3b/common" + HERPUD1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/herpud1/common" + HEY1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hey1/common" + HIF1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hif1a/common" + HIP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hip1/common" + HIST1H3B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hist1h3b/common" + HIST1H4I: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hist1h4i/common" + HLA-A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hlaa/common" + HLF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hlf/common" + HMGA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hmga1/common" + HMGA2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hmga2/common" + HMGN2P46: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hmgn2p46/common" + HNF1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hnf1a/common" + HNRNPA2B1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hnrnpa2b1/common" + HOOK3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hook3/common" + HOXA11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxa11/common" + HOXA13: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxa13/common" + HOXA9: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxa9/common" + HOXB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxb1/common" + HOXC11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxc11/common" + HOXC13: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxc13/common" + HOXD11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxd11/common" + HOXD13: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxd13/common" + HRAS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hras/common" + HSP90AA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hsp90aa1/common" + HSP90AB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hsp90ab1/common" + ID3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/id3/common" + IDH1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/idh1/common" + IDH2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/idh2/common" + IGH: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/igh/common" + IGK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/igk/common" + IGKC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/igkc/common" + IGL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/igl/common" + IKBKB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ikbkb/common" + IKZF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ikzf1/common" + IL2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/il2/common" + IL21R: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/il21r/common" + IL6ST: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/il6st/common" + IL7R: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/il7r/common" + IRF4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/irf4/common" + IRS4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/irs4/common" + ISX: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/isx/common" + ITGAV: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/itgav/common" + ITK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/itk/common" + JAK1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/jak1/common" + JAK2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/jak2/common" + JAK3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/jak3/common" + JAZF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/jazf1/common" + JUN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/jun/common" + KAT6A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kat6a/common" + KAT6B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kat6b/common" + KAT7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kat7/common" + KCNJ5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kcnj5/common" + KDM5A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kdm5a/common" + KDM5C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kdm5c/common" + KDM6A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kdm6a/common" + KDR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kdr/common" + KDSR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kdsr/common" + KEAP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/keap1/common" + KIAA1549: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kiaa1549/common" + KIF5B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kif5b/common" + KIT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kit/common" + KLF4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/klf4/common" + KLF6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/klf6/common" + KLK2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/klk2/common" + KMT2A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kmt2a/common" + KMT2C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kmt2c/common" + KMT2D: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kmt2d/common" + KNL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/knl1/common" + KNSTRN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/knstrn/common" + KRAS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kras/common" + KRT20: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/krt20/common" + KRT7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/krt7/common" + KTN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ktn1/common" + LARP4B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/larp4b/common" + LASP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lasp1/common" + LCK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lck/common" + LCP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lcp1/common" + LEF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lef1/common" + LHFP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lhfp/common" + LIFR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lifr/common" + LMNA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lmna/common" + LMO1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lmo1/common" + LMO2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lmo2/common" + LPP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lpp/common" + LRIG3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lrig3/common" + LRP1B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lrp1b/common" + LSM14A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lsm14a/common" + LYL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lyl1/common" + LZTR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lztr1/common" + MAF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/maf/molecular_test/gene_symbol" + MAFB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mafb/common" + MALAT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/malat1/common" + MALT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/malt1/common" + MAML2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/maml2/common" + MAML3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/maml3/common" + MAP2K1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/map2k1/common" + MAP2K2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/map2k2/common" + MAP2K4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/map2k4/common" + MAP3K1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/map3k1/common" + MAP3K13: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/map3k13/common" + MAPK1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mapk1/common" + MAX: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/max/common" + MB21D2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mb21d2/common" + MDM2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mdm2/common" + MDM4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mdm4/common" + MDS2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mds2/common" + MECOM: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mecom/common" + MED12: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/med12/common" + MEN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/men1/common" + MET: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/met/common" + MGMT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mgmt/common" + MIB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mib1/common" + MITF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mitf/common" + MKL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mkl1/common" + MLF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mlf1/common" + MLH1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mlh1/common" + MLH2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mlh2/common" + MLLT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mllt1/common" + MLLT10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mllt10/common" + MLLT11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mllt11/common" + MLLT3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mllt3/common" + MLLT4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mllt4/common" + MLLT6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mllt6/common" + MN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mn1/common" + MNX1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mnx1/common" + MPL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mpl/common" + MSH2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/msh2/common" + MSH6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/msh6/common" + MSI2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/msi2/common" + MSN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/msn/common" + MTCP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mtcp1/common" + MTOR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mtor/common" + MUC1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/muc1/common" + MUC16: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/muc16/common" + MUC4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/muc4/common" + MUTYH: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mutyh/common" + MYB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myb/common" + MYC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myc/common" + MYCL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mycl/common" + MYCN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mycn/common" + MYD88: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myd88/common" + MYH11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myh11/common" + MYH9: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myh9/common" + MYO5A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myo5a/common" + MYOD1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myod1/common" + NAB2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nab2/common" + NACA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/naca/common" + NBEA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nbea/common" + NBN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nbn/common" + NCKIPSD: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nckipsd/common" + NCOA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ncoa1/common" + NCOA2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ncoa2/common" + NCOA4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ncoa4/common" + NCOR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ncor1/common" + NCOR2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ncor2/common" + NDRG1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ndrg1/common" + NF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nf1/common" + NF2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nf2/common" + NFATC2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nfatc2/common" + NFE2L2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nfe2l2/common" + NFIB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nfib/common" + NFKB2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nfkb2/common" + NFKBIE: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nfkbie/common" + NIN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nin/common" + NKX2-1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nkx21/common" + NONO: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nono/common" + Not Applicable: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_applicable/common" + NOTCH1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/notch1/common" + NOTCH2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/notch2/common" + NPM1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/npm1/common" + NR4A3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nr4a3/common" + NRAS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nras/common" + NRG1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nrg1/common" + NSD1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nsd1/common" + NSD2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nsd2/common" + NSD3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nsd3/common" + NT5C2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nt5c2/common" + NTHL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nthl1/common" + NTRK1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ntrk1/common" + NTRK3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ntrk3/common" + NUMA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/numa1/common" + NUP214: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nup214/common" + NUP98: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nup98/common" + NUTM1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nutm1/common" + NUTM2A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nutm2a/common" + NUTM2B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nutm2b/common" + OLIG2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/olig2/common" + OMD: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/omd/common" + P2RY8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/p2ry8/common" + PABPC1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pabpc1/common" + PAFAH1B2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pafah1b2/common" + PALB2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/palb2/common" + PATZ1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/patz1/common" + PAX3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pax3/common" + PAX5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pax5/common" + PAX7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pax7/common" + PAX8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pax8/common" + PBRM1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pbrm1/common" + PBX1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pbx1/common" + PCBP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pcbp1/common" + PCM1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pcm1/common" + PDCD1LG2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pdcd1lg2/common" + PDE4DIP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pde4dip/common" + PDGFB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pdgfb/common" + PDGFRA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pdgfra/common" + PDGFRB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pdgfrb/common" + PER1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/per1/common" + PGR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pgr/common" + PHF6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/phf6/common" + PHOX2B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/phox2b/common" + PICALM: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/picalm/common" + PIK3CA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pik3ca/common" + PIK3CB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pik3cb/common" + PIK3R1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pik3r1/common" + PIM1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pim1/common" + PLAG1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/plag1/common" + PLCG1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/plcg1/common" + PML: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pml/common" + PMS1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pms1/common" + PMS2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pms2/common" + POLD1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pold1/common" + POLE: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pole/common" + POLG: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/polg/common" + POLQ: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/polq/common" + POT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pot1/common" + POU2AF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pou2af1/common" + POU5F1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pou5f1/common" + PPARG: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pparg/common" + PPFIBP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ppfibp1/common" + PPM1D: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ppm1d/common" + PPP2R1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ppp2r1a/common" + PPP6C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ppp6c/common" + PRCC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prcc/common" + PRDM1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prdm1/common" + PRDM16: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prdm16/common" + PRDM2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prdm2/common" + PREX2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prex2/common" + PRF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prf1/common" + PRKACA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prkaca/common" + PRKAR1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prkar1a/common" + PRKCB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prkcb/common" + PRPF40B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prpf40b/common" + PRRX1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prrx1/common" + PSIP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/psip1/common" + PTCH1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptch1/common" + PTEN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pten/common" + PTK6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptk6/common" + PTPN11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptpn11/common" + PTPN13: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptpn13/common" + PTPN6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptpn6/common" + PTPRB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptprb/common" + PTPRC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptprc/common" + PTPRK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptprk/common" + PTPRT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptprt/common" + PWWP2A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pwwp2a/common" + QKI: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/qki/common" + RABEP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rabep1/common" + RAC1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rac1/common" + RAD21: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rad21/common" + RAD51B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rad51b/common" + RAF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/raf1/common" + RALGDS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ralgds/common" + RANBP2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ranbp2/common" + RAP1GDS1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rap1gds1/common" + RARA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rara/common" + RB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rb1/common" + RBM10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rbm10/common" + RBM15: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rbm15/common" + RECQL4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/recql4/common" + REL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rel/common" + RET: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ret/common" + RGPD3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rgpd3/common" + RGS7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rgs7/common" + RHOA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rhoa/common" + RHOH: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rhoh/common" + RMI2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rmi2/common" + RNF213: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rnf213/common" + RNF43: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rnf43/common" + ROBO2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/robo2/common" + ROS1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ros1/common" + RPL10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rpl10/common" + RPL22: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rpl22/common" + RPL5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rpl5/common" + RPN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rpn1/common" + RSPO2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rspo2/common" + RSPO3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rspo3/common" + RUNX1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/runx1/common" + RUNX1T1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/runx1t1/common" + S100A7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/s100a7/common" + SALL4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sall4/common" + SBDS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sbds/common" + SDC4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sdc4/common" + SDHA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sdha/common" + SDHAF2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sdhaf2/common" + SDHB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sdhb/common" + SDHC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sdhc/common" + SDHD: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sdhd/common" + SEPT5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sept5/common" + SEPT6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sept6/common" + SEPT9: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sept9/common" + SET: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/set/common" + SETBP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/setbp1/common" + SETD2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/setd2/common" + SF3B1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sf3b1/common" + SFPQ: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sfpq/common" + SFRP4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sfrp4/common" + SGK1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sgk1/common" + SH2B3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sh2b3/common" + SH3GL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sh3gl1/common" + SHTN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/shtn1/common" + SIRPA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sirpa/common" + SKI: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ski/common" + SLC34A2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/slc34a2/common" + SLC45A3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/slc45a3/common" + SMAD2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smad2/common" + SMAD3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smad3/common" + SMAD4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smad4/common" + SMARCA4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smarca4/common" + SMARCB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smarcb1/common" + SMARCD1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smarcd1/common" + SMARCE1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smarce1/common" + SMC1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smc1a/common" + SMO: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smo/common" + SND1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/snd1/common" + SNX29: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/snx29/common" + SOCS1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/socs1/common" + SOX2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sox2/common" + SPECC1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/specc1/common" + SPEN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/spen/common" + SPOP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/spop/common" + SRC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/src/common" + SRGAP3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/srgap3/common" + SRSF2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/srsf2/common" + SRSF3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/srsf3/common" + SS18: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ss18/common" + SS18L1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ss18l1/common" + SSX1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ssx1/common" + SSX2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ssx2/common" + SSX4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ssx4/common" + STAG1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stag1/common" + STAG2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stag2/common" + STAT3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stat3/common" + STAT5B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stat5b/common" + STAT6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stat6/common" + STIL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stil/common" + STK11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stk11/common" + STRN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/strn/common" + SUFU: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sufu/common" + SUZ12: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/suz12/common" + SYK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/syk/common" + SYP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/syp/common" + TAF15: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/taf15/common" + TAL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tal1/common" + TAL2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tal2/common" + TBL1XR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tbl1xr1/common" + TBX3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tbx3/common" + TCEA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tcea1/common" + TCF12: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tcf12/common" + TCF3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tcf3/common" + TCF7L2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tcf7l2/common" + TCL1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tcl1a/common" + TEC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tec/common" + TERT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tert/common" + TET1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tet1/common" + TET2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tet2/common" + TFE3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tfe3/common" + TFEB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tfeb/common" + TFG: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tfg/common" + TFPT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tfpt/common" + TFRC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tfrc/common" + TGFBR2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tgfbr2/common" + THRAP3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/thrap3/common" + TLX1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tlx1/common" + TLX3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tlx3/common" + TMEM127: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tmem127/common" + TMPRSS2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tmprss2/common" + TNC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tnc/common" + TNFAIP3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tnfaip3/common" + TNFRSF14: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tnfrsf14/common" + TNFRSF17: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tnfrsf17/common" + TOP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/top1/common" + TP53: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tp53/common" + TP63: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tp63/common" + TPM3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tpm3/common" + TPM4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tpm4/common" + TPR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tpr/common" + TRA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tra/common" + TRAF7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/traf7/common" + TRB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trb/common" + TRD: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trd/common" + TRIM24: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trim24/common" + TRIM27: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trim27/common" + TRIM33: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trim33/common" + TRIP11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trip11/common" + TRRAP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trrap/common" + TSC1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tsc1/common" + TSC2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tsc2/common" + TSHR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tshr/common" + U2AF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/u2af1/common" + UBR5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ubr5/common" + USP6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/usp6/common" + USP8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/usp8/common" + VAV1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vav1/common" + VHL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vhl/common" + VTI1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vti1a/common" + WAS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/was/common" + WDCP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wdcp/common" + WIF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wif1/common" + WNK2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wnk2/common" + WRN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wrn/common" + WT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wt1/common" + WWTR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wwtr1/common" + XPA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/xpa/common" + XPC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/xpc/common" + XPO1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/xpo1/common" + YWHAE: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ywhae/common" + ZBTB16: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zbtb16/common" + ZCCHC8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zcchc8/common" + ZEB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zeb1/common" + ZFHX3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zfhx3/common" + ZMYM3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zmym3/common" + ZNF198: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znf198/common" + ZNF331: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znf331/common" + ZNF384: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znf384/common" + ZNF429: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znf429/common" + ZNF444: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znf444/common" + ZNF479: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znf479/common" + ZNF521: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znf521/common" + ZNRF3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znrf3/common" + ZRSR2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zrsr2/common" + Unknown: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" + Not Reported: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" + + histone_family: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/histone_family/common" + enum: + - H1 + - H2A + - H2B + - H3 + - H4 + - Unknown + - Not Reported + enumDef: + H1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h1/common" + H2A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h2a/common" + H2B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h2b/common" + H3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h3/common" + H4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h4/common" + Unknown: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" + Not Reported: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" + + histone_variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/histone_variant/common" + enum: + - CENP-A + - H2A-Bbd + - H2A.X + - H2A.Z + - H2A.Z.1 + - H2A.Z.2 + - H2A.Z.2.2 + - H3.1 + - H3.2 + - H3.3 + - H3.5 + - H3.X + - H3.Y + - H3t (H3.4) + - mH2A + - mH2A.1 + - mH2A.2 + - Unknown + - Not Reported + enumDef: + CENP-A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cenpa/common" + H2A-Bbd: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h2abbd/common" + H2A.X: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h2ax/common" + H2A.Z: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h2az/common" + H2A.Z.1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h2az1/common" + H2A.Z.2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h2az2/common" + H2A.Z.2.2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h2az22/common" + H3.1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h31/common" + H3.2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h32/common" + H3.3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h33/common" + H3.5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h35/common" + H3.X: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h3x/common" + H3.Y: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h3y/common" + H3t (H3.4): + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h3t_h34/common" + mH2A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mh2a/common" + mH2A.1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mh2a1/common" + mH2A.2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mh2a2/common" + Unknown: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" + Not Reported: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" + + intron: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/intron/common" + type: string + pattern: "^(0|[1-9][0-9]{0,3})[a-z]?$" + + laboratory_test: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/laboratory_test/common" + enum: + - 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid + - Absolute Neutrophil + - Albumin + - Alpha Fetoprotein + - B-cell genotyping + - Basophil + - Beta 2 Microglobulin + - Blood Urea Nitrogen + - C-Reactive Protein + - Calcium + - Cellularity + - Chromogranin A + - Chromogranin B + - Circulating Tumor Cells + - Creatinine + - Eosinophil + - Epstein-Barr Virus + - Gamma-Enolase + - Glucose + - Hematocrit + - Hemoglobin + - HPV-E6/E7 + - Human Chorionic Gonadotropin + - Human Papillomavirus + - Immunoglobulin A + - Immunoglobulin G + - Immunoglobulin M + - Lactate Dehydrogenase + - Leukocytes + - Luteinizing Hormone + - Lymphoblasts + - Lymphocytes + - M Protein + - Metamyelocytes + - Myeloblasts + - Myelocytes + - Neutrophil Bands + - Platelets + - Prolymphocytes + - Promonocytes + - Promyelocytes + - Segmented Neutrophil + - Serum Free Immunoglobulin Light Chain, Kappa + - Serum Free Immunoglobulin Light Chain, Lambda + - Serum Free Immunoglobulin Light Chain, NOS + - Testosterone + - Total Bilirubin + - Total Protein + - Unknown + - Not Reported + enumDef: + 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/5hydroxyindoleacetic_acid/common" + Absolute Neutrophil: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/absolute_neutrophil/common" + Albumin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/albumin/common" + Alpha Fetoprotein: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/alpha_fetoprotein/common" + B-cell genotyping: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcell_genotyping/common" + Basophil: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/basophil/common" + Beta 2 Microglobulin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/beta_2_microglobulin/common" + Blood Urea Nitrogen: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/blood_urea_nitrogen/common" + C-Reactive Protein: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/creactive_protein/common" + Calcium: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/calcium/common" + Cellularity: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cellularity/common" + Chromogranin A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chromogranin_a/common" + Chromogranin B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chromogranin_b/common" + Circulating Tumor Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/circulating_tumor_cells/common" + Creatinine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/creatinine/common" + Eosinophil: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eosinophil/common" + Epstein-Barr Virus: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/epsteinbarr_virus/common" + Gamma-Enolase: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gammaenolase/common" + Glucose: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/glucose/common" + Hematocrit: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hematocrit/common" + Hemoglobin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hemoglobin/common" + HPV-E6/E7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hpve6e7/common" + Human Chorionic Gonadotropin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/human_chorionic_gonadotropin/common" + Human Papillomavirus: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/human_papillomavirus/common" + Immunoglobulin A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/immunoglobulin_a/common" + Immunoglobulin G: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/immunoglobulin_g/common" + Immunoglobulin M: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/immunoglobulin_m/common" + Lactate Dehydrogenase: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lactate_dehydrogenase/common" + Leukocytes: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/leukocytes/common" + Luteinizing Hormone: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/luteinizing_hormone/common" + Lymphoblasts: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lymphoblasts/common" + Lymphocytes: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lymphocytes/common" + M Protein: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/m_protein/common" + Metamyelocytes: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/metamyelocytes/common" + Myeloblasts: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myeloblasts/common" + Myelocytes: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myelocytes/common" + Neutrophil Bands: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/neutrophil_bands/common" + Platelets: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/platelets/common" + Prolymphocytes: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prolymphocytes/common" + Promonocytes: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/promonocytes/common" + Promyelocytes: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/promyelocytes/common" + Segmented Neutrophil: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/segmented_neutrophil/common" + Serum Free Immunoglobulin Light Chain, Kappa: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/serum_free_immunoglobulin_light_chain_kappa/common" + Serum Free Immunoglobulin Light Chain, Lambda: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/serum_free_immunoglobulin_light_chain_lambda/common" + Serum Free Immunoglobulin Light Chain, NOS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/serum_free_immunoglobulin_light_chain_nos/common" + Testosterone: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/testosterone/common" + Total Bilirubin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/total_bilirubin/common" + Total Protein: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/total_protein/common" + Unknown: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" + Not Reported: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" + + loci_abnormal_count: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/loci_abnormal_count/common" + type: integer + + loci_count: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/loci_count/common" + type: integer + + locus: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/locus/common" + type: string + pattern: "^(AC_|NC_|NG_|NT_|NW_|NZ_b|NM_|NR_|XM_c|XR_c|AP_|NP_|^(AC_|NC_|NG_|NT_|NW_|NZ_b|NM_|NR_|XM_c|XR_c|AP_|NP_YP_c|XP_c|WP_)[0-9]+(\\.(0|[1-9][0-9]{0,3}))?$" + + mismatch_repair_mutation: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mismatch_repair_mutation/common" + enum: + - "Yes" + - "No" + - Unknown + - Not Reported + enumDef: + "Yes": + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/yes/common" + "No": + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/no/common" + Unknown: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" + Not Reported: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" + + mitotic_count: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mitotic_count/common" + type: number + + mitotic_total_area: + type: number + + molecular_analysis_method: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/molecular_analysis_method/common" + enum: + - Comparative Genomic Hybridization + - Cytogenetics, NOS + - FISH + - Flow Cytometry + - IHC + - Immunofluorescence + - ISH + - Karyotype + - Microarray + - Microsatellite Analysis + - Nuclear Staining + - Other + - PCR + - RNA Sequencing + - RT-PCR + - Sequencing, NOS + - Southern Blotting + - Targeted Sequencing + - WGS + - WXS + - Unknown + - Not Reported + enumDef: + Comparative Genomic Hybridization: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/comparative_genomic_hybridization/common" + Cytogenetics, NOS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cytogenetics_nos/common" + FISH: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fish/common" + Flow Cytometry: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/flow_cytometry/common" + IHC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ihc/common" + Immunofluorescence: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/immunofluorescence/common" + ISH: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ish/common" + Karyotype: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/karyotype/common" + Microarray: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/microarray/common" + Microsatellite Analysis: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/microsatellite_analysis/common" + Nuclear Staining: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nuclear_staining/common" + Other: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/other/common" + PCR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pcr/common" + RNA Sequencing: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rna_sequencing/common" + RT-PCR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rtpcr/common" + Sequencing, NOS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sequencing_nos/common" + Southern Blotting: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/southern_blotting/common" + Targeted Sequencing: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/targeted_sequencing/common" + WGS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wgs/common" + WXS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wxs/common" + Unknown: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" + Not Reported: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" + + molecular_consequence: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/molecular_consequence/common" + enum: + - 3 Prime UTR Variant + - 5 Prime UTR Variant + - Coding Sequence Variant + - Downstream Gene Variant + - Exon Variant + - Feature Elongation + - Feature Truncation + - Frameshift Variant + - Incomplete Terminal Codon Variant + - Inframe Deletion + - Inframe Insertion + - Intergenic Variant + - Intron Variant + - Mature miRNA Variant + - Missense Variant + - NMD Transcript Variant + - Non-coding Transcript Exon Variant + - Non-coding Transcript Variant + - Nonsense + - Protein Altering Variant + - Regulatory Region Ablation + - Regulatory Region Amplification + - Regulatory Region Variant + - Splice Acceptor Variant + - Splice Donor Variant + - Splice Region Variant + - Start Lost + - Stop Gain + - Stop Lost + - Stop Retained Variant + - Synonymous Variant + - TF Binding Site Variant + - TFBS Ablation + - TFBS Amplification + - Transcript Ablation + - Transcript Amplification + - Upstream Gene Variant + enumDef: + 3 Prime UTR Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/3_prime_utr_variant/common" + 5 Prime UTR Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/5_prime_utr_variant/common" + Coding Sequence Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/coding_sequence_variant/common" + Downstream Gene Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/downstream_gene_variant/common" + Feature Elongation: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/feature_elongation/common" + Feature Truncation: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/feature_truncation/common" + Frameshift Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/frameshift_variant/common" + Inframe Deletion: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/inframe_deletion/common" + Inframe Insertion: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/inframe_insertion/common" + Intergenic Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/intergenic_variant/common" + Intron Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/intron_variant/common" + Mature miRNA Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mature_mirna_variant/common" + Missense Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/missense_variant/common" + NMD Transcript Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nmd_transcript_variant/common" + Non-coding Transcript Exon Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/noncoding_transcript_exon_variant/common" + Non-coding Transcript Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/noncoding_transcript_variant/common" + Nonsense: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nonsense/common" + Protein Altering Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/protein_altering_variant/common" + Regulatory Region Ablation: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/regulatory_region_ablation/common" + Regulatory Region Amplification: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/regulatory_region_amplification/common" + Regulatory Region Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/regulatory_region_variant/common" + Splice Acceptor Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/splice_acceptor_variant/common" + Splice Donor Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/splice_donor_variant/common" + Splice Region Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/splice_region_variant/common" + Start Lost: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/start_lost/common" + Stop Gain: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stop_gain/common" + Stop Lost: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stop_lost/common" + Stop Retained Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stop_retained_variant/common" + Synonymous Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/synonymous_variant/common" + TF Binding Site Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tf_binding_site_variant/common" + TFBS Ablation: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tfbs_ablation/common" + TFBS Amplification: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tfbs_amplification/common" + Transcript Ablation: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/transcript_ablation/common" + Transcript Amplification: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/transcript_amplification/common" + Upstream Gene Variant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/upstream_gene_variant/common" + + pathogenicity: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pathogenicity/common" + enum: + - Benign + - Likely Benign + - Likely Pathogenic + - Pathogenic + - Uncertain Significance + enumDef: + Benign: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/benign/common" + Likely Benign: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/likely_benign/common" + Likely Pathogenic: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/likely_pathogenic/common" + Pathogenic: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pathogenic/common" + Uncertain Significance: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/uncertain_significance/common" + + ploidy: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ploidy/common" + enum: + - Aneuploid + - Diploid + - Hyperdiploid + - Hypodiploid + - Near Diploid + - Tetraploid + - Unknown + - Not Reported + enumDef: + Aneuploid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/aneuploid/common" + Diploid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/diploid/common" + Hyperdiploid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hyperdiploid/common" + Hypodiploid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hypodiploid/common" + Near Diploid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/near_diploid/common" + Tetraploid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tetraploid/common" + Unknown: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" + Not Reported: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" + + second_exon: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/second_exon/common" + type: string + pattern: "^(0|[1-9][0-9]{0,3})[a-z]?$" + + second_gene_symbol: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/second_gene_symbol/common" + enum: + - A1CF + - ABI1 + - ABL1 + - ABL2 + - ACKR3 + - ACSL3 + - ACSL6 + - ACVR1 + - ACVR2A + - AFF1 + - AFF3 + - AFF4 + - AKAP9 + - AKT1 + - AKT2 + - AKT3 + - ALDH2 + - ALK + - AMER1 + - ANK1 + - APC + - APOBEC3B + - AR + - ARAF + - ARHGAP26 + - ARHGAP5 + - ARHGEF12 + - ARID1A + - ARID1B + - ARID2 + - ARNT + - ASPSCR1 + - ASXL1 + - ASXL2 + - ATF1 + - ATIC + - ATM + - ATP1A1 + - ATP2B3 + - ATR + - ATRX + - AXIN1 + - AXIN2 + - B2M + - BAP1 + - BARD1 + - BCL10 + - BCL11A + - BCL11B + - BCL2 + - BCL2L12 + - BCL3 + - BCL6 + - BCL7A + - BCL9 + - BCL9L + - BCLAF1 + - BCOR + - BCORL1 + - BCR + - BIRC3 + - BIRC6 + - BLM + - BMP5 + - BMPR1A + - BRAF + - BRCA1 + - BRCA2 + - BRD3 + - BRD4 + - BRIP1 + - BTG1 + - BTK + - BUB1B + - C15orf65 + - CACNA1D + - CALR + - CAMTA1 + - CANT1 + - CARD11 + - CARS + - CASP8 + - CBFA2T3 + - CBFB + - CBL + - CBLB + - CBLC + - CCDC6 + - CCNB1IP1 + - CCNC + - CCND1 + - CCND2 + - CCND3 + - CCNE1 + - CCR4 + - CCR7 + - CD209 + - CD274 + - CD28 + - CD74 + - CD79A + - CD79B + - CD99 + - CDC73 + - CDH1 + - CDH10 + - CDH11 + - CDH17 + - CDK12 + - CDK4 + - CDK6 + - CDKN1A + - CDKN1B + - CDKN2A + - CDKN2C + - CDX2 + - CEBPA + - CEP89 + - CHCHD7 + - CHD2 + - CHD4 + - CHEK2 + - CHGA + - CHIC2 + - CHST11 + - CIC + - CIITA + - CLIP1 + - CLP1 + - CLTC + - CLTCL1 + - CNBD1 + - CNBP + - CNOT3 + - CNTNAP2 + - CNTRL + - COL1A1 + - COL2A1 + - COL3A1 + - COX6C + - CREB1 + - CREB3L1 + - CREB3L2 + - CREBBP + - CRLF2 + - CRNKL1 + - CRTC1 + - CRTC3 + - CSF1R + - CSF3R + - CSMD3 + - CTCF - CTNNA2 - CTNNB1 - CTNND1 @@ -1862,6 +4633,7 @@ properties: - SUFU - SUZ12 - SYK + - SYP - TAF15 - TAL1 - TAL2 @@ -1944,6 +4716,2130 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + A1CF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/a1cf/common" + ABI1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/abi1/common" + ABL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/abl1/common" + ABL2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/abl2/common" + ACKR3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ackr3/common" + ACSL3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/acsl3/common" + ACSL6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/acsl6/common" + ACVR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/acvr1/common" + ACVR2A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/acvr2a/common" + AFF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/aff1/common" + AFF3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/aff3/common" + AFF4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/aff4/common" + AKAP9: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/akap9/common" + AKT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/akt1/common" + AKT2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/akt2/common" + AKT3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/akt3/common" + ALDH2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/aldh2/common" + ALK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/alk/common" + AMER1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/amer1/common" + ANK1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ank1/common" + APC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/apc/common" + APOBEC3B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/apobec3b/common" + AR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ar/common" + ARAF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/araf/common" + ARHGAP26: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/arhgap26/common" + ARHGAP5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/arhgap5/common" + ARHGEF12: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/arhgef12/common" + ARID1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/arid1a/common" + ARID1B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/arid1b/common" + ARID2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/arid2/common" + ARNT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/arnt/common" + ASPSCR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/aspscr1/common" + ASXL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/asxl1/common" + ASXL2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/asxl2/common" + ATF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atf1/common" + ATIC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atic/common" + ATM: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atm/common" + ATP1A1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atp1a1/common" + ATP2B3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atp2b3/common" + ATR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atr/common" + ATRX: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atrx/common" + AXIN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/axin1/common" + AXIN2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/axin2/common" + B2M: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/b2m/common" + BAP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bap1/common" + BARD1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bard1/common" + BCL10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl10/common" + BCL11A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl11a/common" + BCL11B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl11b/common" + BCL2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl2/common" + BCL2L12: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl2l12/common" + BCL3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl3/common" + BCL6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl6/common" + BCL7A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl7a/common" + BCL9: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl9/common" + BCL9L: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl9l/common" + BCLAF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bclaf1/common" + BCOR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcor/common" + BCORL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcorl1/common" + BCR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcr/common" + BIRC3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/birc3/common" + BIRC6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/birc6/common" + BLM: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/blm/common" + BMP5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bmp5/common" + BMPR1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bmpr1a/common" + BRAF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/braf/common" + BRCA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/brca1/common" + BRCA2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/brca2/common" + BRD3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/brd3/common" + BRD4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/brd4/common" + BRIP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/brip1/common" + BTG1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/btg1/common" + BTK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/btk/common" + BUB1B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bub1b/common" + C15orf65: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/c15orf65/common" + CACNA1D: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cacna1d/common" + CALR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/calr/common" + CAMTA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/camta1/common" + CANT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cant1/common" + CARD11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/card11/common" + CARS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cars/common" + CASP8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/casp8/common" + CBFA2T3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cbfa2t3/common" + CBFB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cbfb/common" + CBL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cbl/common" + CBLB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cblb/common" + CBLC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cblc/common" + CCDC6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccdc6/common" + CCNB1IP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccnb1ip1/common" + CCNC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccnc/common" + CCND1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccnd1/common" + CCND2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccnd2/common" + CCND3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccnd3/common" + CCNE1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccne1/common" + CCR4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccr4/common" + CCR7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ccr7/common" + CD209: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd209/common" + CD274: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd274/common" + CD28: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd28/common" + CD74: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd74/common" + CD79A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd79a/common" + CD79B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd79b/common" + CD99: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd99/common" + CDC73: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdc73/common" + CDH1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdh1/common" + CDH10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdh10/common" + CDH11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdh11/common" + CDH17: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdh17/common" + CDK12: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdk12/common" + CDK4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdk4/common" + CDK6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdk6/common" + CDKN1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdkn1a/common" + CDKN1B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdkn1b/common" + CDKN2A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdkn2a/common" + CDKN2C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdkn2c/common" + CDX2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdx2/common" + CEBPA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cebpa/common" + CEP89: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cep89/common" + CHCHD7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chchd7/common" + CHD2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chd2/common" + CHD4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chd4/common" + CHEK2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chek2/common" + CHGA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chga/common" + CHIC2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chic2/common" + CHST11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chst11/common" + CIC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cic/common" + CIITA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ciita/common" + CLIP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/clip1/common" + CLP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/clp1/common" + CLTC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cltc/common" + CLTCL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cltcl1/common" + CNBD1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cnbd1/common" + CNBP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cnbp/common" + CNOT3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cnot3/common" + CNTNAP2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cntnap2/common" + CNTRL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cntrl/common" + COL1A1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/col1a1/common" + COL2A1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/col2a1/common" + COL3A1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/col3a1/common" + COX6C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cox6c/common" + CREB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/creb1/common" + CREB3L1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/creb3l1/common" + CREB3L2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/creb3l2/common" + CREBBP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/crebbp/common" + CRLF2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/crlf2/common" + CRNKL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/crnkl1/common" + CRTC1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/crtc1/common" + CRTC3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/crtc3/common" + CSF1R: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/csf1r/common" + CSF3R: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/csf3r/common" + CSMD3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/csmd3/common" + CTCF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ctcf/common" + CTNNA2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ctnna2/common" + CTNNB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ctnnb1/common" + CTNND1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ctnnd1/common" + CTNND2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ctnnd2/common" + CUL3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cul3/common" + CUX1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cux1/common" + CXCR4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cxcr4/common" + CYLD: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cyld/common" + CYP2C8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cyp2c8/common" + CYSLTR2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cysltr2/common" + DAXX: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/daxx/common" + DCAF12L2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dcaf12l2/common" + DCC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dcc/common" + DCTN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dctn1/common" + DDB2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ddb2/common" + DDIT3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ddit3/common" + DDR2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ddr2/common" + DDX10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ddx10/common" + DDX3X: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ddx3x/common" + DDX5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ddx5/common" + DDX6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ddx6/common" + DEK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dek/common" + DGCR8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dgcr8/common" + DICER1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dicer1/common" + DNAJB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dnajb1/common" + DNM2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dnm2/common" + DNMT3A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dnmt3a/common" + DROSHA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/drosha/common" + DUX4L1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dux4l1/common" + EBF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ebf1/common" + ECT2L: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ect2l/common" + EED: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eed/common" + EGFR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/egfr/common" + EIF1AX: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eif1ax/common" + EIF3E: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eif3e/common" + EIF4A2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eif4a2/common" + ELF3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/elf3/common" + ELF4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/elf4/common" + ELK4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/elk4/common" + ELL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ell/common" + ELN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eln/common" + EML4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eml4/common" + EP300: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ep300/common" + EPAS1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/epas1/common" + EPHA3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/epha3/common" + EPHA7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/epha7/common" + EPS15: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eps15/common" + ERBB2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/erbb2/common" + ERBB3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/erbb3/common" + ERBB4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/erbb4/common" + ERC1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/erc1/common" + ERCC2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ercc2/common" + ERCC3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ercc3/common" + ERCC4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ercc4/common" + ERCC5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ercc5/common" + ERG: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/erg/common" + ESR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/esr1/common" + ETNK1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/etnk1/common" + ETV1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/etv1/common" + ETV4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/etv4/common" + ETV5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/etv5/common" + ETV6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/etv6/common" + EWSR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ewsr1/common" + EXT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ext1/common" + EXT2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ext2/common" + EZH2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ezh2/common" + EZR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ezr/common" + FAM131B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fam131b/common" + FAM135B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fam135b/common" + FAM46C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fam46c/common" + FAM47C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fam47c/common" + FANCA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fanca/common" + FANCC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fancc/common" + FANCD2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fancd2/common" + FANCE: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fance/common" + FANCF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fancf/common" + FANCG: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fancg/common" + FAS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fas/common" + FAT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fat1/common" + FAT3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fat3/common" + FAT4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fat4/common" + FBLN2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fbln2/common" + FBXO11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fbxo11/common" + FBXW7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fbxw7/common" + FCGR2B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fcgr2b/common" + FCRL4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fcrl4/common" + FEN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fen1/common" + FES: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fes/common" + FEV: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fev/common" + FGFR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fgfr1/common" + FGFR1OP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fgfr1op/common" + FGFR2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fgfr2/common" + FGFR3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fgfr3/common" + FGFR4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fgfr4/common" + FH: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fh/common" + FHIT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fhit/common" + FIP1L1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fip1l1/common" + FKBP9: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fkbp9/common" + FLCN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/flcn/common" + FLI1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fli1/common" + FLNA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/flna/common" + FLT3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/flt3/common" + FLT4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/flt4/common" + FNBP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fnbp1/common" + FOXA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foxa1/common" + FOXL2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foxl2/common" + FOXO1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foxo1/common" + FOXO3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foxo3/common" + FOXO4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foxo4/common" + FOXP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foxp1/common" + FOXR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foxr1/common" + FSTL3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fstl3/common" + FUBP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fubp1/common" + FUS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fus/common" + GAS7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gas7/common" + GATA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gata1/common" + GATA2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gata2/common" + GATA3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gata3/common" + GLI1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gli1/common" + GMPS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gmps/common" + GNA11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gna11/common" + GNAQ: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gnaq/common" + GNAS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gnas/common" + GOLGA5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/golga5/common" + GOPC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gopc/common" + GPC3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gpc3/common" + GPHN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gphn/common" + GRIN2A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/grin2a/common" + GRM3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/grm3/common" + H3F3A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h3f3a/common" + H3F3B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/h3f3b/common" + HERPUD1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/herpud1/common" + HEY1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hey1/common" + HIF1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hif1a/common" + HIP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hip1/common" + HIST1H3B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hist1h3b/common" + HIST1H4I: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hist1h4i/common" + HLA-A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hlaa/common" + HLF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hlf/common" + HMGA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hmga1/common" + HMGA2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hmga2/common" + HMGN2P46: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hmgn2p46/common" + HNF1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hnf1a/common" + HNRNPA2B1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hnrnpa2b1/common" + HOOK3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hook3/common" + HOXA11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxa11/common" + HOXA13: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxa13/common" + HOXA9: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxa9/common" + HOXB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxb1/common" + HOXC11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxc11/common" + HOXC13: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxc13/common" + HOXD11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxd11/common" + HOXD13: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hoxd13/common" + HRAS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hras/common" + HSP90AA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hsp90aa1/common" + HSP90AB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hsp90ab1/common" + ID3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/id3/common" + IDH1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/idh1/common" + IDH2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/idh2/common" + IGH: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/igh/common" + IGK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/igk/common" + IGL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/igl/common" + IKBKB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ikbkb/common" + IKZF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ikzf1/common" + IL2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/il2/common" + IL21R: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/il21r/common" + IL6ST: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/il6st/common" + IL7R: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/il7r/common" + IRF4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/irf4/common" + IRS4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/irs4/common" + ISX: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/isx/common" + ITGAV: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/itgav/common" + ITK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/itk/common" + JAK1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/jak1/common" + JAK2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/jak2/common" + JAK3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/jak3/common" + JAZF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/jazf1/common" + JUN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/jun/common" + KAT6A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kat6a/common" + KAT6B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kat6b/common" + KAT7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kat7/common" + KCNJ5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kcnj5/common" + KDM5A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kdm5a/common" + KDM5C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kdm5c/common" + KDM6A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kdm6a/common" + KDR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kdr/common" + KDSR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kdsr/common" + KEAP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/keap1/common" + KIAA1549: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kiaa1549/common" + KIF5B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kif5b/common" + KIT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kit/common" + KLF4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/klf4/common" + KLF6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/klf6/common" + KLK2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/klk2/common" + KMT2A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kmt2a/common" + KMT2C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kmt2c/common" + KMT2D: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kmt2d/common" + KNL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/knl1/common" + KNSTRN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/knstrn/common" + KRAS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kras/common" + KTN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ktn1/common" + LARP4B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/larp4b/common" + LASP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lasp1/common" + LCK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lck/common" + LCP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lcp1/common" + LEF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lef1/common" + LHFP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lhfp/common" + LIFR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lifr/common" + LMNA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lmna/common" + LMO1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lmo1/common" + LMO2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lmo2/common" + LPP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lpp/common" + LRIG3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lrig3/common" + LRP1B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lrp1b/common" + LSM14A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lsm14a/common" + LYL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lyl1/common" + LZTR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lztr1/common" + MAF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/maf/molecular_test/second_gene_symbol" + MAFB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mafb/common" + MALAT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/malat1/common" + MALT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/malt1/common" + MAML2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/maml2/common" + MAML3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/maml3/common" + MAP2K1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/map2k1/common" + MAP2K2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/map2k2/common" + MAP2K4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/map2k4/common" + MAP3K1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/map3k1/common" + MAP3K13: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/map3k13/common" + MAPK1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mapk1/common" + MAX: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/max/common" + MB21D2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mb21d2/common" + MDM2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mdm2/common" + MDM4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mdm4/common" + MDS2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mds2/common" + MECOM: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mecom/common" + MED12: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/med12/common" + MEN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/men1/common" + MET: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/met/common" + MGMT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mgmt/common" + MITF: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mitf/common" + MKL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mkl1/common" + MLF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mlf1/common" + MLH1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mlh1/common" + MLH2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mlh2/common" + MLLT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mllt1/common" + MLLT10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mllt10/common" + MLLT11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mllt11/common" + MLLT3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mllt3/common" + MLLT4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mllt4/common" + MLLT6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mllt6/common" + MN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mn1/common" + MNX1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mnx1/common" + MPL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mpl/common" + MSH2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/msh2/common" + MSH6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/msh6/common" + MSI2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/msi2/common" + MSN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/msn/common" + MTCP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mtcp1/common" + MTOR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mtor/common" + MUC1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/muc1/common" + MUC16: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/muc16/common" + MUC4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/muc4/common" + MUTYH: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mutyh/common" + MYB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myb/common" + MYC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myc/common" + MYCL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mycl/common" + MYCN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mycn/common" + MYD88: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myd88/common" + MYH11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myh11/common" + MYH9: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myh9/common" + MYO5A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myo5a/common" + MYOD1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/myod1/common" + NAB2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nab2/common" + NACA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/naca/common" + NBEA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nbea/common" + NBN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nbn/common" + NCKIPSD: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nckipsd/common" + NCOA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ncoa1/common" + NCOA2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ncoa2/common" + NCOA4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ncoa4/common" + NCOR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ncor1/common" + NCOR2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ncor2/common" + NDRG1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ndrg1/common" + NF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nf1/common" + NF2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nf2/common" + NFATC2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nfatc2/common" + NFE2L2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nfe2l2/common" + NFIB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nfib/common" + NFKB2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nfkb2/common" + NFKBIE: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nfkbie/common" + NIN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nin/common" + NKX2-1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nkx21/common" + NONO: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nono/common" + NOTCH1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/notch1/common" + NOTCH2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/notch2/common" + NPM1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/npm1/common" + NR4A3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nr4a3/common" + NRAS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nras/common" + NRG1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nrg1/common" + NSD1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nsd1/common" + NSD2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nsd2/common" + NSD3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nsd3/common" + NT5C2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nt5c2/common" + NTHL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nthl1/common" + NTRK1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ntrk1/common" + NTRK3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ntrk3/common" + NUMA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/numa1/common" + NUP214: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nup214/common" + NUP98: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nup98/common" + NUTM1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nutm1/common" + NUTM2A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nutm2a/common" + NUTM2B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nutm2b/common" + OLIG2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/olig2/common" + OMD: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/omd/common" + P2RY8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/p2ry8/common" + PABPC1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pabpc1/common" + PAFAH1B2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pafah1b2/common" + PALB2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/palb2/common" + PATZ1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/patz1/common" + PAX3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pax3/common" + PAX5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pax5/common" + PAX7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pax7/common" + PAX8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pax8/common" + PBRM1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pbrm1/common" + PBX1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pbx1/common" + PCBP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pcbp1/common" + PCM1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pcm1/common" + PDCD1LG2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pdcd1lg2/common" + PDE4DIP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pde4dip/common" + PDGFB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pdgfb/common" + PDGFRA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pdgfra/common" + PDGFRB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pdgfrb/common" + PER1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/per1/common" + PGR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pgr/common" + PHF6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/phf6/common" + PHOX2B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/phox2b/common" + PICALM: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/picalm/common" + PIK3CA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pik3ca/common" + PIK3CB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pik3cb/common" + PIK3R1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pik3r1/common" + PIM1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pim1/common" + PLAG1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/plag1/common" + PLCG1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/plcg1/common" + PML: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pml/common" + PMS1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pms1/common" + PMS2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pms2/common" + POLD1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pold1/common" + POLE: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pole/common" + POLG: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/polg/common" + POLQ: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/polq/common" + POT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pot1/common" + POU2AF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pou2af1/common" + POU5F1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pou5f1/common" + PPARG: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pparg/common" + PPFIBP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ppfibp1/common" + PPM1D: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ppm1d/common" + PPP2R1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ppp2r1a/common" + PPP6C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ppp6c/common" + PRCC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prcc/common" + PRDM1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prdm1/common" + PRDM16: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prdm16/common" + PRDM2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prdm2/common" + PREX2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prex2/common" + PRF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prf1/common" + PRKACA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prkaca/common" + PRKAR1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prkar1a/common" + PRKCB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prkcb/common" + PRPF40B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prpf40b/common" + PRRX1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prrx1/common" + PSIP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/psip1/common" + PTCH1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptch1/common" + PTEN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pten/common" + PTK6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptk6/common" + PTPN11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptpn11/common" + PTPN13: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptpn13/common" + PTPN6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptpn6/common" + PTPRB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptprb/common" + PTPRC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptprc/common" + PTPRK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptprk/common" + PTPRT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ptprt/common" + PWWP2A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pwwp2a/common" + QKI: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/qki/common" + RABEP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rabep1/common" + RAC1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rac1/common" + RAD21: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rad21/common" + RAD51B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rad51b/common" + RAF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/raf1/common" + RALGDS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ralgds/common" + RANBP2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ranbp2/common" + RAP1GDS1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rap1gds1/common" + RARA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rara/common" + RB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rb1/common" + RBM10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rbm10/common" + RBM15: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rbm15/common" + RECQL4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/recql4/common" + REL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rel/common" + RET: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ret/common" + RGPD3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rgpd3/common" + RGS7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rgs7/common" + RHOA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rhoa/common" + RHOH: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rhoh/common" + RMI2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rmi2/common" + RNF213: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rnf213/common" + RNF43: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rnf43/common" + ROBO2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/robo2/common" + ROS1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ros1/common" + RPL10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rpl10/common" + RPL22: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rpl22/common" + RPL5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rpl5/common" + RPN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rpn1/common" + RSPO2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rspo2/common" + RSPO3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rspo3/common" + RUNX1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/runx1/common" + RUNX1T1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/runx1t1/common" + S100A7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/s100a7/common" + SALL4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sall4/common" + SBDS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sbds/common" + SDC4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sdc4/common" + SDHA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sdha/common" + SDHAF2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sdhaf2/common" + SDHB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sdhb/common" + SDHC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sdhc/common" + SDHD: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sdhd/common" + SEPT5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sept5/common" + SEPT6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sept6/common" + SEPT9: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sept9/common" + SET: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/set/common" + SETBP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/setbp1/common" + SETD2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/setd2/common" + SF3B1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sf3b1/common" + SFPQ: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sfpq/common" + SFRP4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sfrp4/common" + SGK1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sgk1/common" + SH2B3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sh2b3/common" + SH3GL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sh3gl1/common" + SHTN1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/shtn1/common" + SIRPA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sirpa/common" + SKI: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ski/common" + SLC34A2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/slc34a2/common" + SLC45A3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/slc45a3/common" + SMAD2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smad2/common" + SMAD3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smad3/common" + SMAD4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smad4/common" + SMARCA4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smarca4/common" + SMARCB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smarcb1/common" + SMARCD1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smarcd1/common" + SMARCE1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smarce1/common" + SMC1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smc1a/common" + SMO: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/smo/common" + SND1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/snd1/common" + SNX29: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/snx29/common" + SOCS1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/socs1/common" + SOX2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sox2/common" + SPECC1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/specc1/common" + SPEN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/spen/common" + SPOP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/spop/common" + SRC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/src/common" + SRGAP3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/srgap3/common" + SRSF2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/srsf2/common" + SRSF3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/srsf3/common" + SS18: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ss18/common" + SS18L1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ss18l1/common" + SSX1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ssx1/common" + SSX2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ssx2/common" + SSX4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ssx4/common" + STAG1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stag1/common" + STAG2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stag2/common" + STAT3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stat3/common" + STAT5B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stat5b/common" + STAT6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stat6/common" + STIL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stil/common" + STK11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stk11/common" + STRN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/strn/common" + SUFU: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sufu/common" + SUZ12: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/suz12/common" + SYK: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/syk/common" + SYP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/syp/common" + TAF15: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/taf15/common" + TAL1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tal1/common" + TAL2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tal2/common" + TBL1XR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tbl1xr1/common" + TBX3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tbx3/common" + TCEA1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tcea1/common" + TCF12: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tcf12/common" + TCF3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tcf3/common" + TCF7L2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tcf7l2/common" + TCL1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tcl1a/common" + TEC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tec/common" + TERT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tert/common" + TET1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tet1/common" + TET2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tet2/common" + TFE3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tfe3/common" + TFEB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tfeb/common" + TFG: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tfg/common" + TFPT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tfpt/common" + TFRC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tfrc/common" + TGFBR2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tgfbr2/common" + THRAP3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/thrap3/common" + TLX1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tlx1/common" + TLX3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tlx3/common" + TMEM127: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tmem127/common" + TMPRSS2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tmprss2/common" + TNC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tnc/common" + TNFAIP3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tnfaip3/common" + TNFRSF14: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tnfrsf14/common" + TNFRSF17: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tnfrsf17/common" + TOP1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/top1/common" + TP53: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tp53/common" + TP63: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tp63/common" + TPM3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tpm3/common" + TPM4: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tpm4/common" + TPR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tpr/common" + TRA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tra/common" + TRAF7: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/traf7/common" + TRB: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trb/common" + TRD: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trd/common" + TRIM24: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trim24/common" + TRIM27: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trim27/common" + TRIM33: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trim33/common" + TRIP11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trip11/common" + TRRAP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trrap/common" + TSC1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tsc1/common" + TSC2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tsc2/common" + TSHR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tshr/common" + U2AF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/u2af1/common" + UBR5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ubr5/common" + USP6: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/usp6/common" + USP8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/usp8/common" + VAV1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vav1/common" + VHL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vhl/common" + VTI1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vti1a/common" + WAS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/was/common" + WDCP: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wdcp/common" + WIF1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wif1/common" + WNK2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wnk2/common" + WRN: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wrn/common" + WT1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wt1/common" + WWTR1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wwtr1/common" + XPA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/xpa/common" + XPC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/xpc/common" + XPO1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/xpo1/common" + YWHAE: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ywhae/common" + ZBTB16: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zbtb16/common" + ZCCHC8: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zcchc8/common" + ZEB1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zeb1/common" + ZFHX3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zfhx3/common" + ZMYM3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zmym3/common" + ZNF198: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znf198/common" + ZNF331: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znf331/common" + ZNF384: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znf384/common" + ZNF429: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znf429/common" + ZNF444: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znf444/common" + ZNF479: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znf479/common" + ZNF521: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znf521/common" + ZNRF3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/znrf3/common" + ZRSR2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zrsr2/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -1968,6 +6864,21 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + DNA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dna/common" + miRNA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mirna/common" + mRNA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mrna/common" + Protein: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/protein/common" + Total RNA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/total_rna/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -1994,6 +6905,30 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Abnormal, NOS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/abnormal_nos/common" + Copy Number Reported: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/copy_number_reported/common" + Loss of Expression: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/loss_of_expression/common" + Negative: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/negative/common" + Normal: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/normal/common" + Overexpressed: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/overexpressed/common" + Positive: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/positive/common" + Test Value Reported: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/test_value_reported/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -2025,6 +6960,12 @@ properties: - Somatic - Unknown enumDef: + Germline: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/germline/common" + Somatic: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/somatic/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -2058,9 +6999,72 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Alleles: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/alleles/common" + Amplification: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/amplification/common" + Chrimerism: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chrimerism/common" + Conversion: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/conversion/common" + Deletion: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/deletion/common" + Deletion-Insertion: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/deletioninsertion/common" + Duplication: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/duplication/common" + Extension: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/extension/common" + Gain: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gain/common" + Hypermethylation: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hypermethylation/common" + Insertion: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/insertion/common" + Inversion: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/inversion/common" + Loss: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/loss/common" + Methylation: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/methylation/common" + Mosaicism: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mosaicism/common" Other: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/other/common" + Partial Methylation: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/partial_methylation/common" + Rearrangement: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rearrangement/common" + Repeated Sequences: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/repeated_sequences/common" + Splice: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/splice/common" + Substitution: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/substitution/common" + Translocation: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/translocation/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -2079,6 +7083,18 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Hemizygous: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hemizygous/common" + Heterozygous: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/heterozygous/common" + Homozygous: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/homozygous/common" + Nullizygous: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nullizygous/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -2088,3 +7104,5 @@ properties: follow_ups: $ref: "_definitions.yaml#/to_one" + slides: + $ref: "_definitions.yaml#/to_one" diff --git a/server/data/pathology_detail.yaml b/server/data/pathology_detail.yaml index adcc7720..ad08b48f 100644 --- a/server/data/pathology_detail.yaml +++ b/server/data/pathology_detail.yaml @@ -43,6 +43,11 @@ properties: $ref: - "_definitions.yaml#/ubiquitous_properties" + additional_pathology_findings: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/additional_pathology_findings/common" + type: string + anaplasia_present: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/anaplasia_present/common" @@ -78,6 +83,9 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Present: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/present/pathology_detail/anaplasia_present_type" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -142,10 +150,34 @@ properties: - High Grade - Indefinite - Low Grade + - Mild + - Moderate - No Dysplasia + - Severe - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + High Grade: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/high_grade/pathology_detail/dysplasia_degree" + Indefinite: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/indefinite/common" + Low Grade: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/low_grade/pathology_detail/dysplasia_degree" + No Dysplasia: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/no_dysplasia/common" + Mild: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mild/common" + Moderate: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/moderate/common" + Severe: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/severe/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -155,11 +187,23 @@ properties: dysplasia_type: enum: + - Epithelial - Esophageal Columnar Dysplasia + - Keratinizing + - Nonkeratinizing - Other - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Esophageal Columnar Dysplasia: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/esophageal_columnar_dysplasia/common" + Keratinizing: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/keratinizing/common" + Nonkeratinizing: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nonkeratinizing/common" Other: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/other/common" @@ -190,6 +234,12 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Macroscopic (2cm or less): + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/macroscopic_2cm_or_less/common" + Macroscopic (greater than 2cm): + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/macroscopic_greater_than_2cm/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -224,6 +274,66 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Axillary: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/axillary/common" + Cervical: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cervical/common" + Epitrochlear: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/epitrochlear/common" + Femoral: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/femoral/common" + Hilar: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hilar/common" + Iliac-common: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/iliaccommon/common" + Iliac-external: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/iliacexternal/common" + Iliac, NOS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/iliac_nos/common" + Inguinal: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/inguinal/common" + Mediastinal: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mediastinal/common" + Mesenteric: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mesenteric/common" + None: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/none/common" + Occipital: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/occipital/common" + Paraaortic: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/paraaortic/common" + Parotid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/parotid/common" + Popliteal: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/popliteal/common" + Retroperitoneal: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/retroperitoneal/common" + Splenic: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/splenic/common" + Submandibular: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/submandibular/common" + Supraclavicular: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/supraclavicular/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -233,12 +343,21 @@ properties: lymph_node_involvement: enum: - - Positive - - Negative - Indeterminant + - Negative + - Positive - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Positive: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/positive/common" + Negative: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/negative/common" + Indeterminant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/indeterminant/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -284,6 +403,15 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Involved: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/involved/common" + Uninvolved: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/uninvolved/common" + Indeterminant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/indeterminant/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -321,6 +449,40 @@ properties: - Papillary, NOS - Solid - Tubular + enumDef: + Cribiform: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cribiform/common" + Micropapillary: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/micropapillary/common" + Papillary Renal Cell: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/papillary_renal_cell/common" + Papillary, NOS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/papillary_nos/common" + Solid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/solid/common" + Tubular: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tubular/common" + + necrosis_percent: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/necrosis_percent/common" + type: number + + necrosis_present: + enum: + - "Yes" + - "No" + - Not Reported + enumDef: + Not Reported: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" non_nodal_regional_disease: $ref: @@ -332,6 +494,9 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Present: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/present/pathology_detail/non_nodal_regional_disease" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -406,6 +571,12 @@ properties: "0": $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/0/common" + 1-3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/13/common" + 4 or More: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/4_or_more/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -433,6 +604,32 @@ properties: - "_terms.yaml#/prostatic_involvement_percent/common" type: number + rhabdoid_percent: + type: number + + rhabdoid_present: + enum: + - "Yes" + - "No" + - Not Reported + enumDef: + Not Reported: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" + + sarcomatoid_percent: + type: number + + sarcomatoid_present: + enum: + - "Yes" + - "No" + - Not Reported + enumDef: + Not Reported: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_reported/common" + transglottic_extension: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/transglottic_extension/common" @@ -442,6 +639,9 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Present: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/present/pathology_detail/transglottic_extension" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -488,6 +688,9 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + No Vascular Invasion: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/no_vascular_invasion/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" diff --git a/server/data/raw_methylation_array.yaml b/server/data/raw_methylation_array.yaml index f7005268..5f39338e 100644 --- a/server/data/raw_methylation_array.yaml +++ b/server/data/raw_methylation_array.yaml @@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ description: >- Data file containing channel data from a methylation array. additionalProperties: false submittable: true -downloadable: true -previous_version_downloadable: true +downloadable: false +previous_version_downloadable: false validators: null systemProperties: diff --git a/server/data/read_group.yaml b/server/data/read_group.yaml index e7666930..f523d613 100644 --- a/server/data/read_group.yaml +++ b/server/data/read_group.yaml @@ -81,6 +81,16 @@ properties: - "_terms.yaml#/base_caller_version/common" type: string + chipseq_antibody: + enum: + - abcam ab4729 anti-H3K27ac + - Unknown + - Not Applicable + enumDef: + Not Applicable: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_applicable/common" + chipseq_target: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/chipseq_target/common" @@ -129,6 +139,16 @@ properties: - "_terms.yaml#/fragment_standard_deviation_length/common" type: number + fragmentation_enzyme: + enum: + - MboI + - Unknown + - Not Applicable + enumDef: + Not Applicable: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_applicable/common" + includes_spike_ins: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/includes_spike_ins/common" @@ -223,6 +243,9 @@ properties: Other: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/other/common" + PCR: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pcr/common" library_strand: $ref: @@ -232,6 +255,10 @@ properties: - First_Stranded - Second_Stranded - Not Applicable + enumDef: + Not Applicable: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_applicable/common" library_strategy: $ref: @@ -240,18 +267,31 @@ properties: - ATAC-Seq - Bisulfite-Seq - ChIP-Seq + - HiChIP + - m6A RNA Methylation - miRNA-Seq - RNA-Seq + - scATAC-Seq - scRNA-Seq - Targeted Sequencing - WGS - WXS + enumDef: + Targeted Sequencing: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/targeted_sequencing/common" + WGS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wgs/common" + WXS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wxs/common" multiplex_barcode: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/multiplex_barcode/common" type: string - pattern: "^[0-9ACGTURYSWKMBDHVN]+(\\+[0-9ACGTURYSWKMBDHVN]+)?$" + pattern: "^[0-9ACGTURYSWKMBDHVN]+([\\+\\-][0-9ACGTURYSWKMBDHVN]+){,2}$" number_expect_cells: $ref: @@ -284,11 +324,6 @@ properties: - type: integer - type: "null" - RIN: - $ref: - - "_terms.yaml#/rin/common" - type: number - rin: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/rin/common" @@ -377,6 +412,9 @@ properties: - xGen Exome Research Panel v1.0 - Unknown enumDef: + Not Applicable: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_applicable/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" diff --git a/server/data/rna_expression_workflow.yaml b/server/data/rna_expression_workflow.yaml index f87d89d6..e52975a5 100644 --- a/server/data/rna_expression_workflow.yaml +++ b/server/data/rna_expression_workflow.yaml @@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ properties: - RSEM - Quantification - STAR - Counts - STAR - FPKM - - STAR - Smart-Seq2 Gene Counts - - STAR - Smart-Seq2 GeneFull Counts + - STAR - Smart-Seq2 Raw Counts + - STAR - Smart-Seq2 Filtered Counts - zUMIs - Smart-Seq2 Counts aligned_reads_files: diff --git a/server/data/sample.yaml b/server/data/sample.yaml index 60ddc799..ae60573e 100644 --- a/server/data/sample.yaml +++ b/server/data/sample.yaml @@ -366,12 +366,33 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Bone Marrow: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bone_marrow/common" + Buccal Mucosa: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/buccal_mucosa/common" + Cerebrospinal Fluid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cerebrospinal_fluid/common" + Connective Tissue: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/connective_tissue/common" + Frontal Lobe: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/frontal_lobe/common" + Neck: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/neck/common" Not Allowed To Collect: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_allowed_to_collect/common" Other: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/other/common" + Soft Tissue: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/soft_tissue/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -424,6 +445,7 @@ properties: - Human Original Cells - Liquid Suspension Cell Line - Lymphocytes + - Mixed Adherent Suspension - Mononuclear Cells from Bone Marrow Normal - Not Allowed To Collect - Peripheral Blood Components NOS @@ -441,9 +463,24 @@ properties: deprecated_enum: - Not Allowed To Collect enumDef: + Buffy Coat: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/buffy_coat/common" + Lymphocytes: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lymphocytes/common" Not Allowed To Collect: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_allowed_to_collect/common" + Plasma: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/plasma/common" + Saliva: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/saliva/common" + Serum: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/serum/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -661,6 +698,9 @@ properties: Autopsy: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/autopsy/common" + Indeterminant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/indeterminant/common" Not Allowed To Collect: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_allowed_to_collect/common" @@ -716,6 +756,11 @@ properties: type: integer minimum: 0 + sample_ordinal: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sample_ordinal/common" + type: integer + sample_type: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/sample_type/common" @@ -773,9 +818,18 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + DNA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dna/common" Not Allowed To Collect: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_allowed_to_collect/common" + Saliva: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/saliva/common" + Total RNA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/total_rna/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -855,6 +909,9 @@ properties: deprecated_enum: - Not Allowed To Collect enumDef: + Normal: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/normal/common" Not Allowed To Collect: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_allowed_to_collect/common" @@ -952,6 +1009,9 @@ properties: Not Allowed To Collect: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/not_allowed_to_collect/common" + Not Applicable: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_applicable/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" diff --git a/server/data/submitted_aligned_reads.yaml b/server/data/submitted_aligned_reads.yaml index a4e46eb9..be8567b9 100644 --- a/server/data/submitted_aligned_reads.yaml +++ b/server/data/submitted_aligned_reads.yaml @@ -76,13 +76,26 @@ properties: - ATAC-Seq - Bisulfite-Seq - ChIP-Seq + - HiChIP - Low Pass WGS + - m6A RNA Methylation - miRNA-Seq - RNA-Seq + - scATAC-Seq - scRNA-Seq - Targeted Sequencing - WGS - WXS + enumDef: + Targeted Sequencing: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/targeted_sequencing/common" + WGS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wgs/common" + WXS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wxs/common" read_groups: $ref: "_definitions.yaml#/to_many" diff --git a/server/data/submitted_unaligned_reads.yaml b/server/data/submitted_unaligned_reads.yaml index ed7692fc..c9dd463d 100644 --- a/server/data/submitted_unaligned_reads.yaml +++ b/server/data/submitted_unaligned_reads.yaml @@ -78,13 +78,26 @@ properties: - ATAC-Seq - Bisulfite-Seq - ChIP-Seq + - HiChIP - Low Pass WGS + - m6A RNA Methylation - miRNA-Seq - RNA-Seq + - scATAC-Seq - scRNA-Seq - Targeted Sequencing - WGS - WXS + enumDef: + Targeted Sequencing: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/targeted_sequencing/common" + WGS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wgs/common" + WXS: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wxs/common" read_pair_number: $ref: @@ -93,6 +106,11 @@ properties: - Not Applicable - R1 - R2 + - R3 + enumDef: + Not Applicable: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/not_applicable/common" read_groups: $ref: "_definitions.yaml#/to_one" diff --git a/server/data/treatment.yaml b/server/data/treatment.yaml index 795b9078..1b477c08 100644 --- a/server/data/treatment.yaml +++ b/server/data/treatment.yaml @@ -431,9 +431,36 @@ properties: - Unknown - Not Reported enumDef: + Bone Marrow: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bone_marrow/common" + Buccal Mucosa: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/buccal_mucosa/common" + Cerebrospinal Fluid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cerebrospinal_fluid/common" + Connective Tissue: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/connective_tissue/common" + Epitrochlear: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/epitrochlear/common" + Frontal Lobe: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/frontal_lobe/common" + Hilar: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hilar/common" + Neck: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/neck/common" Other: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/other/common" + Soft Tissue: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/soft_tissue/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -460,6 +487,11 @@ properties: enum: - cGy - Gy + - mg + enumDef: + mg: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mg/common" treatment_effect: $ref: @@ -634,9 +666,12 @@ properties: - Radiation, Combination - Radiation, Cyberknife - Radiation, External Beam + - Radiation, Hypofractionated - Radiation, Implants - Radiation, Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy - Radiation, Internal + - Radiation, Mixed Photon Beam + - Radiation, Photon Beam - Radiation, Proton Beam - Radiation, Radioisotope - Radiation, Stereotactic/Gamma Knife/SRS @@ -667,6 +702,12 @@ properties: Other: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/other/common" + Radiation, Hypofractionated: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/radiation_hypofractionated/common" + Radiation, Photon Beam: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/radiation_photon_beam/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" @@ -701,16 +742,12 @@ properties: - 2,6-Dimethoxyquinone - 2'-F-ara-deoxyuridine - 3'-C-ethynylcytidine + - 3'-dA Phosphoramidate NUC-7738 - 4-Nitroestrone 3-Methyl Ether - 4-Thio-2-deoxycytidine - 4'-Iodo-4'-Deoxydoxorubicin - 5-Aza-4'-thio-2'-deoxycytidine - 5-Fluoro-2-Deoxycytidine - - 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) - - 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) ; Leucovorin ; Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin) - - 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) with the vitamin-like drug leucovorin (also called folinic - acid) or levo-leucovorin - - 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), Leucovorin, Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin) - 6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatases Isoform 3 Inhibitor ACT-PFK-158 - 7-Cyanoquinocarcinol - 7-Ethyl-10-Hydroxycamptothecin @@ -718,6 +755,7 @@ properties: - 8-Azaguanine - 9-Ethyl 6-Mercaptopurine - 9H-Purine-6Thio-98D + - A2A Receptor Antagonist EOS100850 - Abagovomab - Abarelix - Abemaciclib @@ -727,8 +765,6 @@ properties: - Abiraterone - Abiraterone Acetate - Abituzumab - - Abraxane/Avastin - - AC>paclitaxel - Acai Berry Juice - Acalabrutinib - Acalisib @@ -757,6 +793,7 @@ properties: - Adavosertib - Adecatumumab - Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist AZD4635 + - Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist CS3005 - Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist NIR178 - Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist/Phosphodiesterase 10A PBF-999 - Adenosine A2A/A2B Receptor Antagonist AB928 @@ -769,6 +806,9 @@ properties: - Adenoviral Transduced hIL-12-expressing Autologous Dendritic Cells INXN-3001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001 - Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GAd-209-FSP - Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GRT-C901 + - Adenovirus 5/F35-Human Guanylyl Cyclase C-PADRE + - Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV16 Vaccine JNJ-63682918 + - Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV18 Vaccine JNJ-63682931 - Adenovirus-expressing TLR5/TLR5 Agonist Nanoformulation M-VM3 - Adenovirus-mediated Human Interleukin-12 INXN-2001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001 - Aderbasib @@ -779,7 +819,6 @@ properties: - Aerosolized Aldesleukin - Aerosolized Liposomal Rubitecan - Afatinib - - Afatinib (BIBW 2992) - Afatinib Dimaleate - Afimoxifene - Afuresertib @@ -813,17 +852,32 @@ properties: - ALK Inhibitor ASP3026 - ALK Inhibitor PLB 1003 - ALK Inhibitor RO5424802 + - ALK Inhibitor TAE684 - ALK Inhibitor WX-0593 - ALK-2 Inhibitor TP-0184 - ALK-FAK Inhibitor CEP-37440 - ALK/c-Met Inhibitor TQ-B3139 - ALK/FAK/Pyk2 Inhibitor CT-707 + - ALK/ROS1/Met Inhibitor TQ-B3101 - ALK/TRK Inhibitor TSR-011 - Alkotinib - Allodepleted T Cell Immunotherapeutic ATIR101 + - Allogeneic Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells ALLO-715 + - Allogeneic Anti-BCMA-CAR T-cells PBCAR269A + - Allogeneic Anti-BCMA/CS1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells + - Allogeneic Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells ALLO-501A + - Allogeneic Anti-CD19 Universal CAR-T Cells CTA101 - Allogeneic Anti-CD19-CAR T-cells PBCAR0191 + - Allogeneic Anti-CD20 CAR T-cells LUCAR-20S + - Allogeneic Anti-CD20-CAR T-cells PBCAR20A + - Allogeneic CD22-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCART22 - Allogeneic CD3- CD19- CD57+ NKG2C+ NK Cells FATE-NK100 + - Allogeneic CD56-positive CD3-negative Natural Killer Cells CYNK-001 + - Allogeneic CD8+ Leukemia-associated Antigens Specific T Cells NEXI-001 - Allogeneic Cellular Vaccine 1650-G + - Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-BCMA T Cells CTX120 + - Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-CD70 CAR-T Cells CTX130 + - Allogeneic CS1-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCARTCS1A - Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Breast Cancer Vaccine SV-BR-1-GM - Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Prostate Cancer Vaccine - Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Whole Melanoma Cell Vaccine @@ -835,17 +889,24 @@ properties: - Allogeneic Melanoma Vaccine AGI-101H - Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line MG4101 - Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line NK-92 + - Allogeneic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Expressing Lung Tumor Antigens PDC*lung01 - Allogeneic Renal Cell Carcinoma Vaccine MGN1601 + - Allogeneic Third-party Suicide Gene-transduced Anti-HLA-DPB1*0401 CD4+ T-cells CTL 19 + - Allosteric ErbB Inhibitor BDTX-189 - Allovectin-7 - Almurtide + - Alobresib + - Alofanib - Alpelisib - Alpha Galactosylceramide - Alpha V Beta 1 Inhibitor ATN-161 + - Alpha V Beta 8 Antagonist PF-06940434 - alpha-Folate Receptor-targeting Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor ONX-0801 - Alpha-Gal AGI-134 - Alpha-lactalbumin-derived Synthetic Peptide-lipid Complex Alpha1H - Alpha-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside - Alpha-tocopheryloxyacetic Acid + - Alsevalimab - Altiratinib - Altretamine - Alvespimycin @@ -866,6 +927,7 @@ properties: - Aminoflavone Prodrug AFP464 - Aminopterin - Aminopterin Sodium + - Amivantamab - Amolimogene Bepiplasmid - Amonafide L-Malate - Amrubicin @@ -879,10 +941,10 @@ properties: - Amuvatinib Hydrochloride - Anakinra - Anastrozole - - Anastrozole (Arimidex) - Anaxirone - Ancitabine - Ancitabine Hydrochloride + - Andecaliximab - Androgen Antagonist APC-100 - Androgen Receptor Antagonist BAY 1161116 - Androgen Receptor Antagonist SHR3680 @@ -891,8 +953,11 @@ properties: - Androgen Receptor Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD5312 - Androgen Receptor Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-4176 - Androgen Receptor Degrader ARV-110 + - Androgen Receptor Degrader CC-94676 - Androgen Receptor Downregulator AZD3514 + - Androgen Receptor Inhibitor EPI-7386 - Androgen Receptor Ligand-binding Domain-encoding Plasmid DNA Vaccine MVI-118 + - Androgen Receptor/Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist CB-03-10 - Andrographolide - Androstane Steroid HE3235 - Anetumab Ravtansine @@ -901,6 +966,7 @@ properties: - Angiogenesis Inhibitor JI-101 - Angiogenesis/Heparanase Inhibitor PG545 - Angiopoietin-2-specific Fusion Protein PF-04856884 + - Anhydrous Enol-oxaloacetate - Anhydrovinblastine - Aniline Mustard - Anlotinib Hydrochloride @@ -911,7 +977,9 @@ properties: - Anthramycin - Anthrapyrazole - Anti c-KIT Antibody-drug Conjugate LOP628 + - Anti-5T4 Antibody-drug Conjugate ASN004 - Anti-5T4 Antibody-Drug Conjugate PF-06263507 + - Anti-5T4 Antibody-drug Conjugate SYD1875 - Anti-A33 Monoclonal Antibody KRN330 - Anti-A5B1 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody PF-04605412 - Anti-ACTR/4-1BB/CD3zeta-Viral Vector-transduced Autologous T-Lymphocytes ACTR087 @@ -927,27 +995,36 @@ properties: - Anti-AXL Fusion Protein AVB-S6-500 - Anti-AXL/PBD Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-601 - Anti-B7-H3 Antibody DS-5573a + - Anti-B7-H3/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-7300a - Anti-B7-H4 Monoclonal Antibody FPA150 - Anti-B7H3 Antibody-drug Conjugate MGC018 - Anti-BCMA Antibody SEA-BCMA - Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate AMG 224 + - Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate CC-99712 - Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate GSK2857916 + - Anti-BCMA SparX Protein Plus BCMA-directed Anti-TAAG ARC T-cells CART-ddBCMA + - Anti-BCMA/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN5459 - Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 420 - Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 701 - Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody REGN5458 - Anti-BCMA/PBD ADC MEDI2228 + - Anti-BTLA Monoclonal Antibody TAB004 + - Anti-BTN3A Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ICT01 - Anti-c-fms Monoclonal Antibody AMG 820 - Anti-c-KIT Monoclonal Antibody CDX 0158 - Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate HTI-1066 - Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate TR1801 - Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ABT-700 - Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ARGX-111 + - Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody HLX55 - Anti-c-MET Monoclonal Antibody LY2875358 - Anti-C-met Monoclonal Antibody SAIT301 - Anti-C4.4a Antibody-Drug Conjugate BAY1129980 - Anti-C5aR Monoclonal Antibody IPH5401 - Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1 - Anti-CA6-DM4 Immunoconjugate SAR566658 + - Anti-CCR7 Antibody-drug Conjugate JBH492 + - Anti-CD117 Monoclonal Antibody JSP191 - Anti-CD122 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Mik-Beta-1 - Anti-CD123 ADC IMGN632 - Anti-CD123 Monoclonal Antibody CSL360 @@ -958,19 +1035,27 @@ properties: - Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63709178 - Anti-CD123/CD3 BiTE Antibody SAR440234 - Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ADG106 + - Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody AGEN2373 + - Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ATOR-1017 - Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody CTX-471 + - Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody LVGN6051 - Anti-CD157 Monoclonal Antibody MEN1112 - Anti-CD166 Probody-drug Conjugate CX-2009 - Anti-CD19 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD19B + - Anti-CD19 Antibody-T-cell Receptor-expressing T-cells ET019003 + - Anti-CD19 iCAR NK Cells - Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody DI-B4 - Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1342 - Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-551 - Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb5574 - Anti-CD19-DM4 Immunoconjugate SAR3419 - Anti-CD19/Anti-CD22 Bispecific Immunotoxin DT2219ARL + - Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR NK Cells - Anti-CD19/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 562 - Anti-CD19/CD3 Tetravalent Antibody AFM11 - Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody B001 + - Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody BAT4306F + - Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody MIL62 - Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody PRO131921 - Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody SCT400 - Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody TL011 @@ -979,21 +1064,29 @@ properties: - Anti-CD20/Anti-CD3 Bispecific IgM Antibody IGM2323 - Anti-CD20/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody REGN1979 - Anti-CD20/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb13676 + - Anti-CD205 Antibody-drug Conjugate OBT076 - Anti-CD22 ADC TRPH-222 - Anti-CD22 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate DCDT2980S + - Anti-CD228/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD228A + - Anti-CD25 Monoclonal Antibody RO7296682 - Anti-CD25-PBD Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-301 - Anti-CD26 Monoclonal Antibody YS110 + - Anti-CD27 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody MK-5890 - Anti-CD27L Antibody-Drug Conjugate AMG 172 - Anti-CD3 Immunotoxin A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1) + - Anti-CD3/Anti-5T4 Bispecific Antibody GEN1044 - Anti-CD3/Anti-BCMA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody JNJ-64007957 - Anti-CD3/Anti-BCMA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody PF-06863135 - Anti-CD3/Anti-CD20 Trifunctional Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody FBTA05 - Anti-CD3/Anti-GPRC5D Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody JNJ-64407564 + - Anti-CD3/Anti-GUCY2C Bispecific Antibody PF-07062119 - Anti-CD3/CD20 Bispecific Antibody GEN3013 - Anti-CD3/CD38 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMG 424 + - Anti-CD3/CD7-Ricin Toxin A Immunotoxin - Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1401 - Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb2513 - Anti-CD30/CD16A Monoclonal Antibody AFM13 + - Anti-CD30/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate F0002 - Anti-CD32B Monoclonal Antibody BI-1206 - Anti-CD33 Antibody-drug Conjugate IMGN779 - Anti-CD33 Antigen/CD3 Receptor Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMV564 @@ -1005,29 +1098,38 @@ properties: - Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 673 - Anti-CD352 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD352A - Anti-CD37 Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMGN529 + - Anti-CD37 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GEN3009 - Anti-CD37 MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS67E - Anti-CD37 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836826 + - Anti-CD38 Antibody-drug Conjugate STI-6129 - Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody MOR03087 + - Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody SAR442085 - Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody TAK-079 - Anti-CD38-targeted IgG4-attenuated IFNa TAK-573 + - Anti-CD38/CD28xCD3 Tri-specific Monoclonal Antibody SAR442257 - Anti-CD38/CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1342 + - Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody SRF617 - Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody TTX-030 - Anti-CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-927 - Anti-CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CDX-1140 - Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody Chi Lob 7/4 - Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody SEA-CD40 + - Anti-CD40/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Agonist Monoclonal Antibody GEN1042 - Anti-CD40/Anti-TAA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-428 - Anti-CD40L Fc-Fusion Protein BMS-986004 - Anti-CD44 Monoclonal Antibody RO5429083 - Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12 - Anti-CD46 Antibody-drug Conjugate FOR46 + - Anti-CD47 ADC SGN-CD47M - Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody AO-176 - Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody CC-90002 - Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody Hu5F9-G4 - Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody IBI188 + - Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-002 - Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1603 - Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody SRF231 - Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody TJC4 + - Anti-CD47/CD19 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TG-1801 - Anti-CD48/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD48A - Anti-CD52 Monoclonal Antibody ALLO-647 - Anti-CD70 Antibody-Drug Conjugate MDX-1203 @@ -1049,6 +1151,8 @@ properties: - Anti-CEACAM5 Antibody-Drug Conjugate SAR408701 - Anti-CEACAM6 AFAIKL2 Antibody Fragment/Jack Bean Urease Immunoconjugate L-DOS47 - Anti-CEACAM6 Antibody BAY1834942 + - Anti-claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody AB011 + - Anti-Claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody TST001 - Anti-CLDN6 Monoclonal Antibody ASP1650 - Anti-CLEC12A/CD3 Bispecific Antibody MCLA117 - Anti-CLEVER-1 Monoclonal Antibody FP-1305 @@ -1056,13 +1160,19 @@ properties: - Anti-CSF1R Monoclonal Antibody IMC-CS4 - Anti-CSF1R Monoclonal Antibody SNDX-6352 - Anti-CTGF Monoclonal Antibody FG-3019 + - Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ADG116 - Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ADU-1604 - Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody AGEN1181 - Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody BCD-145 + - Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody HBM4003 - Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody MK-1308 + - Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ONC-392 - Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody REGN4659 + - Anti-CTLA-4 Probody BMS-986288 + - Anti-CTLA-4/Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Combination BCD-217 - Anti-CTLA-4/LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb22841 - Anti-CTLA-4/OX40 Bispecific Antibody ATOR-1015 + - Anti-CTLA4 Antibody Fc Fusion Protein KN044 - Anti-CTLA4 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986218 - Anti-CXCR4 Monoclonal Antibody PF-06747143 - Anti-Denatured Collagen Monoclonal Antibody TRC093 @@ -1086,6 +1196,7 @@ properties: - Anti-EGFR TAP Antibody-drug Conjugate IMGN289 - Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody EMB-01 - Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody JNJ-61186372 + - Anti-EGFR/CD16A Bispecific Antibody AFM24 - Anti-EGFR/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate AVID100 - Anti-EGFR/HER2/HER3 Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym013 - Anti-EGFR/PBD Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-321 @@ -1116,8 +1227,10 @@ properties: - Anti-FLT3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-EB10 - Anti-FLT3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 427 - Anti-Folate Receptor-alpha Antibody Drug Conjugate STRO-002 + - Anti-FRA/Eribulin Antibody-drug Conjugate MORAb-202 - Anti-fucosyl-GM1 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986012 - Anti-Ganglioside GM2 Monoclonal Antibody BIW-8962 + - Anti-GARP Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-151 - Anti-GCC Antibody-Drug Conjugate MLN0264 - Anti-GCC Antibody-Drug Conjugate TAK-164 - Anti-GD2 hu3F8/Anti-CD3 huOKT3 Bispecific Antibody @@ -1130,9 +1243,12 @@ properties: - Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody GWN 323 - Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody MK-4166 - Anti-Globo H Monoclonal Antibody OBI-888 + - Anti-Globo H/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate OBI 999 - Anti-Glypican 3/CD3 Bispecific Antibody ERY974 - Anti-GnRH Vaccine PEP223 - Anti-gpA33/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MGD007 + - Anti-GPR20/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-6157a + - Anti-gremlin-1 Monoclonal Antibody UCB6114 - Anti-GRP78 Monoclonal Antibody PAT-SM6 - Anti-HA Epitope Monoclonal Antibody MEDI8852 - Anti-HB-EGF Monoclonal Antibody KHK2866 @@ -1140,20 +1256,28 @@ properties: - Anti-hepcidin Monoclonal Antibody LY2787106 - Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Antibody KN026 - Anti-HER2 ADC DS-8201a + - Anti-HER2 Antibody Conjugated Natural Killer Cells ACE1702 - Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate A166 - Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate ARX788 + - Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8001 + - Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate DP303c - Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI4276 - Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate RC48 - Anti-HER2 Bi-specific Monoclonal Antibody ZW25 - Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody-drug Conjugate ZW49 - Anti-HER2 Immune Stimulator-antibody Conjugate NJH395 + - Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody B002 - Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody CT-P6 + - Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody HLX22 - Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody/Anti-CD137Anticalin Bispecific Fusion Protein PRS-343 + - Anti-HER2-DM1 ADC B003 + - Anti-HER2-DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate GQ1001 - Anti-HER2-vc0101 ADC PF-06804103 - Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody BTRC 4017A - Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1302 - Anti-HER2/Anti-HER3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MCLA-128 - Anti-HER2/Auristatin Payload Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1522 + - Anti-HER2/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate MRG002 - Anti-HER2/PBD-MA Antibody-drug Conjugate DHES0815A - Anti-HER3 Antibody-drug Conjugate U3 1402 - Anti-HER3 Monoclonal Antibody GSK2849330 @@ -1161,6 +1285,7 @@ properties: - Anti-HIF-1alpha LNA Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-2968 - Anti-HIV-1 Lentiviral Vector-expressing sh5/C46 Cal-1 - Anti-HLA-DR Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-114 + - Anti-HLA-G Antibody TTX-080 - Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody AMG 228 - Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody TRX518 - Anti-ICAM-1 Monoclonal Antibody BI-505 @@ -1173,12 +1298,16 @@ properties: - Anti-IL-1 alpha Monoclonal Antibody MABp1 - Anti-IL-13 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody TNX-650 - Anti-IL-15 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 714 + - Anti-IL-8 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986253 - Anti-IL-8 Monoclonal Antibody HuMax-IL8 - Anti-ILDR2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY 1905254 - Anti-ILT4 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4830 + - Anti-integrin Beta-6/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-B6A - Anti-Integrin Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Immunoconjugate IMGN388 + - Anti-IRF4 Antisense Oligonucleotide ION251 - Anti-KIR Monoclonal Antibody IPH 2101 - Anti-KSP/Anti-VEGF siRNAs ALN-VSP02 + - Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody IBI-110 - Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02385 - Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody LAG525 - Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody REGN3767 @@ -1187,8 +1316,11 @@ properties: - Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4280 - Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-033 - Anti-LAMP1 Antibody-drug Conjugate SAR428926 + - Anti-latent TGF-beta 1 Monoclonal Antibody SRK-181 + - Anti-Lewis B/Lewis Y Monoclonal Antibody GNX102 - Anti-LGR5 Monoclonal Antibody BNC101 - Anti-LIF Monoclonal Antibody MSC-1 + - Anti-LILRB4 Monoclonal Antibody IO-202 - Anti-LIV-1 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate SGN-LIV1A - Anti-Ly6E Antibody-Drug Conjugate RG 7841 - Anti-MAGE-A4 T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-C103C @@ -1196,29 +1328,38 @@ properties: - Anti-mesothelin Antibody-drug Conjugate BMS-986148 - Anti-mesothelin-Pseudomonas Exotoxin 24 Cytolytic Fusion Protein LMB-100 - Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMOT4039A + - Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate RC88 - Anti-Met Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym015 - Anti-Met/EGFR Monoclonal Antibody LY3164530 - Anti-MMP-9 Monoclonal Antibody GS-5745 - Anti-MUC1 Monoclonal Antibody BTH1704 + - Anti-MUC16/CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN4018 - Anti-MUC16/CD3 BiTE Antibody REGN4018 - Anti-MUC16/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMUC4064A + - Anti-MUC17/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 199 - Anti-Myeloma Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Immunoconjugate BT-062 - Anti-myostatin Monoclonal Antibody LY2495655 + - Anti-NaPi2b Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1592 - Anti-NaPi2b Monoclonal Antibody XMT-1535 - Anti-nectin-4 Monoclonal Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-22M6E - Anti-Neuropilin-1 Monoclonal Antibody MNRP1685A - Anti-nf-P2X7 Antibody Ointment BIL-010t + - Anti-NRP1 Antibody ASP1948 - Anti-Nucleolin Aptamer AS1411 - Anti-NY-ESO-1 Immunotherapeutic GSK-2241658A - Anti-NY-ESO1/LAGE-1A TCR/scFv Anti-CD3 IMCnyeso - Anti-OFA Immunotherapeutic BB-MPI-03 - Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-368 + - Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A445 - Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody PF-04518600 - Anti-OX40 Antibody BMS 986178 + - Anti-OX40 Hexavalent Agonist Antibody INBRX-106 - Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody GSK3174998 - Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody IBI101 + - Anti-PD-1 Antibody-interleukin-21 Mutein Fusion Protein AMG 256 - Anti-PD-1 Checkpoint Inhibitor PF-06801591 - Anti-PD-1 Fusion Protein AMP-224 + - Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody 609A - Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody AK105 - Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 404 - Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody BAT1306 @@ -1233,13 +1374,20 @@ properties: - Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody LZM009 - Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0680 - Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody MGA012 + - Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody SCT-I10A - Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Sym021 - Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-042 - Anti-PD-1/Anti-CTLA4 DART Protein MGD019 + - Anti-PD-1/Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody IBI315 + - Anti-PD-1/Anti-LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7247669 - Anti-PD-1/Anti-LAG-3 DART Protein MGD013 + - Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody IBI318 - Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody LY3434172 + - Anti-PD-1/CD47 Infusion Protein HX009 - Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody AK104 + - Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody MEDI5752 - Anti-PD-1/TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7121661 + - Anti-PD-1/VEGF Bispecific Antibody AK112 - Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody A167 - Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody BCD-135 - Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A333 @@ -1249,14 +1397,18 @@ properties: - Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody FAZ053 - Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody GR1405 - Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody HLX20 + - Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-001 - Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody LY3300054 - Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1105 - Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MSB2311 + - Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody RC98 - Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1316 - Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody TG-1501 - Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody ZKAB001 - Anti-PD-L1/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody INBRX-105 + - Anti-PD-L1/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GEN1046 - Anti-PD-L1/CD137 Bispecific Antibody MCLA-145 + - Anti-PD-L1/IL-15 Fusion Protein KD033 - Anti-PD-L1/TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody LY3415244 - Anti-PD1 Monoclonal Antibody AGEN2034 - Anti-PD1/CTLA4 Bispecific Antibody XmAb20717 @@ -1265,6 +1417,7 @@ properties: - Anti-PLGF Monoclonal Antibody TB-403 - Anti-PR1/HLA-A2 Monoclonal Antibody Hu8F4 - Anti-PRAME Immunotherapeutic GSK2302032A + - Anti-PRAME T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-F106C - Anti-PRL-3 Monoclonal Antibody PRL3-zumab - Anti-prolactin Receptor Antibody LFA102 - Anti-PSCA Monoclonal Antibody AGS-1C4D4 @@ -1272,12 +1425,17 @@ properties: - Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody MLN591-DM1 Immunoconjugate MLN2704 - Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate - Anti-PSMA/CD28 Bispecific Antibody REGN5678 + - Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody CCW702 - Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63898081 - Anti-PSMA/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MOR209/ES414 - Anti-PSMA/PBD ADC MEDI3726 - Anti-PTK7/Auristatin-0101 Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06647020 - Anti-PVRIG Monoclonal Antibody COM701 + - Anti-RANKL Monoclonal Antibody GB-223 + - Anti-RANKL Monoclonal Antibody JMT103 + - Anti-Ribonucleoprotein Antibody ATRC-101 - Anti-ROR1 ADC VLS-101 + - Anti-ROR1/PNU-159682 Derivative Antibody-drug Conjugate NBE-002 - Anti-S15 Monoclonal Antibody NC318 - Anti-sCLU Monoclonal Antibody AB-16B5 - Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody CC-95251 @@ -1288,8 +1446,11 @@ properties: - Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody SAR-439459 - Anti-TGF-beta RII Monoclonal Antibody IMC-TR1 - Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody AB154 + - Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A1217 - Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986207 + - Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody COM902 - Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody OMP-313M32 + - Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody SGN-TGT - Anti-TIM-3 Antibody BMS-986258 - Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A425 - Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02390 @@ -1297,7 +1458,11 @@ properties: - Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody Sym023 - Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-022 - Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody LY3321367 + - Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1702 - Anti-Tissue Factor Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-066 + - Anti-TRAILR2/CDH17 Tetravalent Bispecific Antibody BI 905711 + - Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8003 + - Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate SKB264 - Anti-TROP2/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-1062a - Anti-TWEAK Monoclonal Antibody RG7212 - Anti-VEGF Anticalin PRS-050-PEG40 @@ -1306,6 +1471,7 @@ properties: - Anti-VEGF/TGF-beta 1 Fusion Protein HB-002T - Anti-VEGFC Monoclonal Antibody VGX-100 - Anti-VEGFR2 Monoclonal Antibody HLX06 + - Anti-VEGFR2 Monoclonal Antibody MSB0254 - Anti-VEGFR3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-3C5 - Anti-VISTA Monoclonal Antibody JNJ 61610588 - Antiangiogenic Drug Combination TL-118 @@ -1335,6 +1501,7 @@ properties: - Antineoplaston A10 - Antineoplaston AS2-1 - Antisense Oligonucleotide GTI-2040 + - Antisense Oligonucleotide QR-313 - Antitumor B Key Active Component-alpha - Antrodia cinnamomea Supplement - Antroquinonol Capsule @@ -1353,6 +1520,8 @@ properties: - Apoptosis Inducer GCS-100 - Apoptosis Inducer MPC-2130 - Apricoxib + - Aprinocarsen + - Aprutumab - Aprutumab Ixadotin - AR Antagonist BMS-641988 - Arabinoxylan Compound MGN3 @@ -1371,11 +1540,13 @@ properties: - Artesunate - Arugula Seed Powder - Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Antagonist BAY2416964 + - Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibitor IK-175 - Asaley - Asciminib - Ascrinvacumab - Ashwagandha Root Powder Extract - ASP4132 + - Aspacytarabine - Asparaginase - Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi - Astatine At 211 Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody OKT10-B10 @@ -1383,6 +1554,7 @@ properties: - Astuprotimut-R - Asulacrine - Asulacrine Isethionate + - Asunercept - At 211 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6 - Atamestane - Atezolizumab @@ -1394,12 +1566,17 @@ properties: - ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1390 - Atorvastatin Calcium - Atorvastatin Sodium + - ATR Inhibitor RP-3500 - ATR Kinase Inhibitor BAY1895344 + - ATR Kinase Inhibitor M1774 - ATR Kinase Inhibitor M6620 - ATR Kinase Inhibitor VX-803 - Atrasentan Hydrochloride - Attenuated Listeria monocytogenes CRS-100 - Attenuated Live Listeria Encoding HPV 16 E7 Vaccine ADXS11-001 + - Attenuated Measles Virus Encoding SCD Transgene TMV-018 + - Atuveciclib + - Audencel - Auranofin - Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668 - Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668 Erbumine @@ -1417,37 +1594,64 @@ properties: - Aurora Kinase Inhibitor TTP607 - Aurora Kinase/VEGFR2 Inhibitor CYC116 - Autologous ACTR-CD16-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes ACTR707 + - Autologous AFP Specific T Cell Receptor Transduced T Cells C-TCR055 + - Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR T-cells PHE885 - Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells KITE-585 + - Autologous Anti-BCMA CD8+ CAR T-cells Descartes-11 - Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR Expressing Stem Memory T-cells P-BCMA-101 - Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes JCARH125 - Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing Memory T-lymphocytes bb21217 + - Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells C-CAR088 - Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CT053 - Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes FCARH143 + - Autologous Anti-CD123 CAR-T Cells + - Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells 19(T2)28z1xx - Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells IM19 - Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR TCR-zeta/4-1BB-transduced T-lymphocytes huCART19 + - Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CNCT19 - Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD28 T-cells ET019002 - Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-cells PZ01 - Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes CLIC-1901 + - Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells AUTO1 - Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells SJCAR19 - Autologous Anti-CD19 T-cell Receptor T cells ET190L1 + - Autologous Anti-CD19 TAC-T cells TAC01-CD19 + - Autologous Anti-CD19/CD20 Bispecific Nanobody-based CAR-T cells - Autologous Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR T-cells AUTO3 - Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing CD4+/CD8+ Central Memory T-lymphocytes JCAR014 + - Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-HER2t/CD22CAR-EGFRt-expressing T-cells + - Autologous Anti-CD20 CAR Transduced CD4/CD8 Enriched T-cells MB-CART20.1 - Autologous Anti-CD22 CAR-4-1BB-TCRz-transduced T-lymphocytes CART22-65s + - Autologous Anti-EGFR CAR-transduced CXCR 5-modified T-lymphocytes + - Autologous Anti-FLT3 CAR T Cells AMG 553 - Autologous Anti-HLA-A*02/AFP TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140202 - Autologous Anti-HLA-A*0201/AFP CAR T-cells ET1402L1 + - Autologous Anti-ICAM-1-CAR-CD28-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells AIC100 + - Autologous Anti-kappa Light Chain CAR-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes - Autologous Anti-NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 TCR-transduced c259 T Lymphocytes GSK3377794 + - Autologous Anti-PD-1 Antibody-activated Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes + - Autologous Anti-PSMA CAR-T Cells P-PSMA-101 - Autologous AXL-targeted CAR T-cells CCT301-38 - Autologous B-cell/Monocyte-presenting HER2/neu Antigen Vaccine BVAC-B + - Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells CC-98633 - Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells LCAR-B4822M - Autologous Bi-epitope BCMA-targeted CAR T-cells JNJ-68284528 + - Autologous Bispecific BCMA/CD19-targeted CAR-T Cells GC012F + - Autologous Bispecific CD19/CD22-targeted CAR-T Cells GC022 - Autologous Bone Marrow-derived CD34/CXCR4-positive Stem Cells AMR-001 - Autologous CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3005 - Autologous CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3006 - Autologous CD123-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR123 + - Autologous CD19 CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-cells MB-CART19.1 + - Autologous CD19-targeted CAR T Cells CC-97540 - Autologous CD19-targeted CAR T Cells JWCAR029 + - Autologous CD19-targeted CAR-T Cells GC007F + - Autologous CD19/PD-1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells - Autologous CD20-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR20 - Autologous CD22-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR22 - Autologous CD38-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR38 + - Autologous Clonal Neoantigen T Cells ATL001 + - Autologous CRISPR-edited Anti-CD19 CAR T Cells XYF19 - Autologous Deep IL-15 Primed T-cells TRQ15-01 - Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine ACT2001 - Autologous Dendritic Cell-based Immunotherapeutic AV0113 @@ -1461,35 +1665,52 @@ properties: - Autologous MCPyV-specific HLA-A02-restricted TCR-transduced CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells FH-MCVA2TCR - Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Apceth_101 - Autologous Mesothelin-specific Human mRNA CAR-transfected PBMCs MCY-M11 + - Autologous Monocyte-derived Lysate-pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine PV-001-DC + - Autologous Multi-lineage Potential Cells + - Autologous Nectin-4/FAP-targeted CAR-T Cells + - Autologous NKG2D CAR T-cells CYAD-02 - Autologous NKG2D CAR-CD3zeta-DAP10-expressing T-Lymphocytes CYAD-01 + - Autologous Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Lysate and mRNA-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine + - Autologous Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Ibrutinib-treated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients IOV-2001 - Autologous Prostate Cancer Antigen-expressing Dendritic Cell Vaccine BPX-101 - Autologous Prostate Stem Cell Antigen-specific CAR T Cells BPX-601 + - Autologous Rapamycin-resistant Th1/Tc1 Cells RAPA-201 - Autologous ROR2-targeted CAR T-cells CCT301-59 - Autologous TAAs-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cells AV-GBM-1 - Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA201 - Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA202 - Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA203 + - Autologous TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140203 + - Autologous Tetravalent Dendritic Cell Vaccine MIDRIX4-LUNG - Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-144 - Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145 + - Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145-S1 - Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes MDA-TIL + - Autologous Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UniCAR02-T - Avadomide - Avadomide Hydrochloride - Avapritinib - - Avastin/Xeloda + - Avdoralimab - Avelumab + - Aviscumine - Avitinib Maleate + - Axalimogene Filolisbac + - Axatilimab - Axicabtagene Ciloleucel - Axitinib - AXL Inhibitor DS-1205c + - AXL Inhibitor SLC-391 - AXL Receptor Tyrosine Kinase/cMET Inhibitor BPI-9016M + - AXL/ FLT3/VEGFR2 Inhibitor KC1036 - Axl/Mer Inhibitor INCB081776 + - Axl/Mer Inhibitor PF-07265807 - Azacitidine - Azapicyl - Azaribine - Azaserine - Azathioprine - - AZD2171 (cediranib) - Azimexon + - Azintuxizumab Vedotin - Aziridinylbenzoquinone RH1 - Azotomycin - Azurin:50-77 Cell Penetrating Peptide p28 @@ -1499,6 +1720,7 @@ properties: - Bactobolin - Bafetinib - Balixafortide + - Balstilimab - Baltaleucel-T - Banoxantrone - Barasertib @@ -1510,26 +1732,33 @@ properties: - Batimastat - Bavituximab - Bazedoxifene + - Bazlitoran - BC-819 Plasmid/Polyethylenimine Complex - BCG Solution - BCG Tokyo-172 Strain Solution - BCG Vaccine - Bcl-2 Inhibitor APG 2575 - Bcl-2 Inhibitor BCL201 + - Bcl-2 Inhibitor BGB-11417 + - Bcl-2 Inhibitor LP-108 - Bcl-2 Inhibitor S65487 - Bcl-Xs Adenovirus Vaccine - BCMA x CD3 T-cell Engaging Antibody CC-93269 - - BCNU + - BCMA-CD19 Compound CAR T Cells + - BCMA/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN217 - Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor K0706 - Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor PF-114 - BCR-ABL/KIT/AKT/ERK Inhibitor HQP1351 - Beauvericin - Becatecarin - Belagenpumatucel-L + - Belantamab Mafodotin + - Belapectin - Belimumab - Belinostat - - Belinostat (PXD-101) - Belotecan Hydrochloride + - Belvarafenib + - Belzutifan - Bemarituzumab - Bemcentinib - Bempegaldesleukin @@ -1541,7 +1770,9 @@ properties: - Benzoylphenylurea - Berberine Chloride - Bermekimab + - Bersanlimab - Berubicin Hydrochloride + - Berzosertib - BET Bromodomain Inhibitor ZEN-3694 - BET Inhibitor ABBV-744 - BET Inhibitor BAY1238097 @@ -1563,16 +1794,15 @@ properties: - Beta-Glucan MM-10-001 - Beta-lapachone Prodrug ARQ 761 - Beta-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside + - Betaglucin Gel - Betulinic Acid - Bevacizumab - - Bevacizumab (Avastin) - - Bevacizumab (rhuMAb VEGF) - Bexarotene + - Bexmarilimab - BF-200 Gel Formulation - BH3 Mimetic ABT-737 - Bi-functional Alkylating Agent VAL-083 - Bicalutamide - - Bicalutamide (Casodex) - Bimiralisib - Binetrakin - Binimetinib @@ -1585,10 +1815,15 @@ properties: - Bisnafide - Bisnafide Dimesylate - Bispecific Antibody 2B1 + - Bispecific Antibody AGEN1223 + - Bispecific Antibody AMG 509 + - Bispecific Antibody GS-1423 - Bispecific Antibody MDX-H210 - Bispecific Antibody MDX447 - Bisthianostat + - BiTE Antibody AMG 910 - Bivalent BRD4 Inhibitor AZD5153 + - Bizalimogene Ralaplasmid - Bizelesin - BL22 Immunotoxin - Black Cohosh @@ -1604,8 +1839,8 @@ properties: - BMS-188797 - BMS-214662 - BMS-275183 - - BMS-936558 (Nivolumab, MDX-1106) - Boanmycin Hydrochloride + - Bomedemstat - Boronophenylalanine-Fructose Complex - Bortezomib - Bosutinib @@ -1619,7 +1854,9 @@ properties: - Brachyury-expressing Yeast Vaccine GI-6301 - BRAF Inhibitor - BRAF Inhibitor ARQ 736 + - BRAF Inhibitor BGB-3245 - BRAF Inhibitor PLX8394 + - BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor ABM-1310 - BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor RO5212054 - BRAF/EGFR Inhibitor BGB-283 - BRAFV600/PI3K Inhibitor ASN003 @@ -1660,6 +1897,7 @@ properties: - BTK Inhibitor ARQ 531 - BTK Inhibitor CT-1530 - BTK Inhibitor DTRMWXHS-12 + - BTK Inhibitor HZ-A-018 - BTK Inhibitor ICP-022 - BTK Inhibitor LOXO-305 - BTK Inhibitor M7583 @@ -1678,9 +1916,11 @@ properties: - Buthionine Sulfoximine - BXQ-350 Nanovesicle Formulation - c-Kit Inhibitor PLX9486 + - c-Met Inhibitor ABN401 - c-Met Inhibitor AL2846 - c-Met Inhibitor AMG 208 - c-Met Inhibitor AMG 337 + - c-Met Inhibitor GST-HG161 - c-Met Inhibitor HS-10241 - c-Met Inhibitor JNJ-38877605 - c-Met Inhibitor MK2461 @@ -1689,9 +1929,9 @@ properties: - C-myb Antisense Oligonucleotide G4460 - c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 5132 - C-VISA BikDD:Liposome + - C/EBP Beta Antagonist ST101 - CAB-ROR2-ADC BA3021 - Cabazitaxel - - Cabazitaxel (Jevtana) - Cabiralizumab - Cabozantinib - Cabozantinib S-malate @@ -1701,10 +1941,12 @@ properties: - CAIX Inhibitor SLC-0111 - Calaspargase Pegol-mknl - Calcitriol + - Calcium Release-activated Channel Inhibitor CM4620 - Calcium Release-activated Channels Inhibitor RP4010 - Calcium Saccharate - Calculus bovis/Moschus/Olibanum/Myrrha Capsule - Calicheamicin Gamma 1I + - Camidanlumab Tesirine - Camptothecin - Camptothecin Analogue TLC388 - Camptothecin Glycoconjugate BAY 38-3441 @@ -1722,7 +1964,6 @@ properties: - Cantrixil - Cantuzumab Ravtansine - Capecitabine - - Capecitabine (Xeloda) - Capecitabine Rapidly Disintegrating Tablet - Capivasertib - Capmatinib @@ -1732,12 +1973,8 @@ properties: - Carbendazim - Carbetimer - Carbogen + - Carbon C 14-pamiparib - Carboplatin - - Carboplatin, etoposide, dexamethason - - Carboplatin, paclitaxel, nivolumab - - Carboplatin, paclitaxel, vinorelbine, nivolumab - - Carboplatin,Cyclophosphamide,Doxorubicin (Adriamycin),Etoposide (VP-16) - - Carboplatin/Abraxane - Carboquone - Carboxyamidotriazole - Carboxyamidotriazole Orotate @@ -1747,7 +1984,6 @@ properties: - Carlumab - Carmofur - Carmustine - - Carmustine (BCNU) - Carmustine Implant - Carmustine in Ethanol - Carmustine Sustained-Release Implant Wafer @@ -1758,6 +1994,7 @@ properties: - Carzinophilin - Cathelicidin LL-37 - Cationic Liposome-Encapsulated Paclitaxel + - Cationic Peptide Cream Cypep-1 - Catumaxomab - CBP/beta-catenin Antagonist PRI-724 - CBP/beta-catenin Modulator E7386 @@ -1765,11 +2002,21 @@ properties: - CCR2 Antagonist PF-04136309 - CCR2/CCR5 Antagonist BMS-813160 - CCR4 Inhibitor FLX475 + - CD11b Agonist GB1275 + - CD123-CD33 Compound CAR T Cells + - CD123-specific Targeting Module TM123 + - CD20-CD19 Compound CAR T Cells + - CD28/ICOS Antagonist ALPN-101 - CD4-specific Telomerase Peptide Vaccine UCPVax - CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CP-870,893 - CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody APX005M - CD44 Targeted Agent SPL-108 + - CD44v6-specific CAR T-cells - CD47 Antagonist ALX148 + - CD73 Inhibitor AB680 + - CD73 Inhibitor LY3475070 + - CD80-Fc Fusion Protein ALPN-202 + - CD80-Fc Fusion Protein FPT155 - CDC7 Inhibitor TAK-931 - CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor BMS-863233 - CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor LY3143921 Hydrate @@ -1780,21 +2027,28 @@ properties: - CDK/JAK2/FLT3 Inhibitor TG02 Citrate - CDK1 Inhibitor BEY1107 - CDK1/2/4 Inhibitor AG-024322 + - CDK2 Inhibitor PF-07104091 - CDK2/4/6/FLT3 Inhibitor FN-1501 - CDK2/5/9 Inhibitor CYC065 - CDK4 Inhibitor P1446A-05 - CDK4/6 Inhibitor - CDK4/6 Inhibitor BPI-16350 + - CDK4/6 Inhibitor CS3002 - CDK4/6 Inhibitor FCN-437 - CDK4/6 Inhibitor G1T38 + - CDK4/6 Inhibitor HS-10342 - CDK4/6 Inhibitor SHR6390 + - CDK4/6 Inhibitor TQB3616 - CDK7 Inhibitor CT7001 - CDK7 Inhibitor SY-1365 + - CDK7 Inhibitor SY-5609 + - CDK8/19 Inhibitor SEL 120 - CDK9 Inhibitor AZD4573 - CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM Vaccine CV301 - CEA-targeting Agent RG6123 - CEBPA-targeting saRNA MTL-CEBPA Liposome - Cedazuridine + - Cedazuridine/Azacitidine Combination Agent ASTX030 - Cedazuridine/Decitabine Combination Agent ASTX727 - Cedefingol - Cediranib @@ -1811,6 +2065,7 @@ properties: - Ceramide Nanoliposome - Cerdulatinib - Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Agent CC-92480 + - Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Agent CC-99282 - Cereblon Modulator CC-90009 - Cergutuzumab Amunaleukin - Ceritinib @@ -1818,12 +2073,13 @@ properties: - cEt KRAS Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD4785 - Cetrelimab - Cetuximab - - Cetuximab (Erbitux) + - Cetuximab Sarotalocan - Cetuximab-IR700 Conjugate RM-1929 - Cetuximab-loaded Ethylcellulose Polymeric Nanoparticles Decorated with Octreotide (SY) - Cevipabulin - Cevipabulin Fumarate - Cevipabulin Succinate + - Cevostamab - cFMS Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ARRY-382 - Chaparrin - Chaparrinone @@ -1843,6 +2099,7 @@ properties: - Chloroquine - Chloroquinoxaline Sulfonamide - Chlorotoxin + - Chlorotoxin (EQ)-CD28-CD3zeta-CD19t-expressing CAR T-lymphocytes - Chlorozotocin - Choline Kinase Alpha Inhibitor TCD-717 - CHP-NY-ESO-1 Peptide Vaccine IMF-001 @@ -1853,23 +2110,24 @@ properties: - Cidan Herbal Capsule - Ciforadenant - Cilengitide + - Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel - Cimetidine - Cinacalcet Hydrochloride - Cinobufagin - Cinobufotalin + - Cinrebafusp Alfa + - Cintirorgon - Cintredekin Besudotox - Cirmtuzumab - cis-Urocanic Acid - Cisplatin - - Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil - Cisplatin Liposomal - Cisplatin-E Therapeutic Implant - - Cisplatin, etoposide - - Cisplatin, etoposide, carboplatin, taxol, nivolumab); surgery - Cisplatin/Vinblastine/Cell Penetration Enhancer Formulation INT230-6 - Citarinostat - Citatuzumab Bogatox - Cixutumumab + - CK1alpha/CDK7/CDK9 Inhibitor BTX-A51 - CK2-targeting Synthetic Peptide CIGB-300 - CL 246738 - Cladribine @@ -1888,17 +2146,21 @@ properties: - Clomiphene Citrate - Clostridium Novyi-NT Spores - Cobimetinib + - Cobolimab - Cobomarsen - Codrituzumab - Coenzyme Q10 + - Cofetuzumab Pelidotin - Colchicine-Site Binding Agent ABT-751 - Cold Contaminant-free Iobenguane I-131 - Colloidal Gold-Bound Tumor Necrosis Factor - Colorectal Cancer Peptide Vaccine PolyPEPI1018 - Colorectal Tumor-Associated Peptides Vaccine IMA910 + - Coltuximab Ravtansine - Combretastatin - Combretastatin A-1 - Combretastatin A1 Diphosphate + - Commensal Bacterial Strain Formulation VE800 - Compound Kushen Injection - Conatumumab - Conbercept @@ -1907,15 +2169,19 @@ properties: - Copanlisib - Copanlisib Hydrochloride - Copper Cu 64-ATSM + - Copper Cu 67 Tyr3-octreotate - Copper Gluconate + - Cord Blood Derived CAR T-Cells - Cord Blood-derived Expanded Natural Killer Cells PNK-007 - Cordycepin - Cordycepin Triphosphate - Coriolus Versicolor Extract - Corticorelin Acetate - Cortisone Acetate + - Cosibelimab - Cositecan - Coxsackievirus A21 + - Coxsackievirus V937 - CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide GNKG168 - Crenolanib - Crenolanib Besylate @@ -1925,6 +2191,7 @@ properties: - Cryptophycin 52 - Crystalline Genistein Formulation AXP107-11 - CSF-1R Inhibitor BLZ945 + - CSF1R Inhibitor ABSK021 - CSF1R Inhibitor DCC-3014 - CSF1R Inhibitor PLX73086 - CT2584 HMS @@ -1940,6 +2207,7 @@ properties: - CXCR4 Antagonist USL311 - CXCR4 Inhibitor Q-122 - CXCR4 Peptide Antagonist LY2510924 + - CXCR4/E-selectin Antagonist GMI-1359 - Cyclin-dependent Kinase 8/19 Inhibitor BCD 115 - Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitor PF-06873600 - Cyclodextrin-Based Polymer-Camptothecin CRLX101 @@ -1947,15 +2215,15 @@ properties: - Cycloleucine - Cyclopentenyl Cytosine - Cyclophosphamide - - Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) - Cyclophosphamide Anhydrous - - Cyclophosphamide,Vincristine; irinotecan; temozolomide (VIT) - Cyclosporine - CYL-02 Plasmid DNA - CYP11A1 inhibitor ODM-208 + - CYP11A1 Inhibitor ODM-209 - CYP17 Inhibitor CFG920 - CYP17 Lyase Inhibitor ASN001 - CYP17/Androgen Receptor Inhibitor ODM 204 + - CYP17/CYP11B2 Inhibitor LAE001 - Cyproterone - Cyproterone Acetate - Cytarabine @@ -1965,7 +2233,6 @@ properties: - Cytochlor - Cytokine-based Biologic Agent IRX-2 - D-methionine Formulation MRX-1024 - - DA-EPOCH-R - DAB389 Epidermal Growth Factor - Dabrafenib - Dabrafenib Mesylate @@ -1986,6 +2253,7 @@ properties: - Danvatirsen - Daporinad - Daratumumab + - Daratumumab and Hyaluronidase-fihj - Daratumumab/rHuPH20 - Darinaparsin - Darleukin @@ -1995,10 +2263,9 @@ properties: - Daunorubicin - Daunorubicin Citrate - Daunorubicin Hydrochloride - - DD4A | chemotherapy vincristine, actinomycin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, - and etoposide - DEC-205/NY-ESO-1 Fusion Protein CDX-1401 - Decitabine + - Decitabine and Cedazuridine - Defactinib - Defactinib Hydrochloride - Deferoxamine @@ -2006,13 +2273,16 @@ properties: - Degarelix - Degarelix Acetate - Delanzomib + - Delolimogene Mupadenorepvec - Demcizumab - Demecolcine - Demplatin Pegraglumer + - Dendrimer-conjugated Bcl-2/Bcl-XL Inhibitor AZD0466 - Dendritic Cell Vaccine - Dendritic Cell-Autologous Lung Tumor Vaccine - Dendritic Cell-targeting Lentiviral Vector ID-LV305 - Denenicokin + - Dengue Virus Adjuvant PV-001-DV - Denibulin - Denibulin Hydrochloride - Denileukin Diftitox @@ -2061,6 +2331,7 @@ properties: - Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor AG-636 - Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor BAY2402234 - Diindolylmethane + - Dilpacimab - Dimethylmyleran - Dinaciclib - Dinutuximab @@ -2078,10 +2349,12 @@ properties: - DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12/HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine MEDI0457 - DNA Vaccine VB10.16 - DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor VX-984 + - DNA-PK inhibitor AZD7648 + - DNA-PK/PI3K-delta Inhibitor BR101801 - DNA-PK/TOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-115 + - DNMT1 Inhibitor NTX-301 - DNMT1 Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide MG 98 - Docetaxel - - Docetaxel (Taxotere) - Docetaxel Anhydrous - Docetaxel Emulsion ANX-514 - Docetaxel Formulation CKD-810 @@ -2091,11 +2364,13 @@ properties: - Docetaxel-loaded Nanopharmaceutical CRLX301 - Docetaxel-PNP - Docetaxel/Ritonavir + - Dociparstat sodium - Dolastatin 10 - Dolastatin 15 - Domatinostat - Donafenib - Dopamine-Somatostatin Chimeric Molecule BIM-23A760 + - Dostarlimab - Double-armed TMZ-CD40L/4-1BBL Oncolytic Ad5/35 Adenovirus LOAd703 - Dovitinib - Dovitinib Lactate @@ -2103,16 +2378,13 @@ properties: - Doxercalciferol - Doxifluridine - Doxorubicin - - Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) - - Doxorubicin (Adriamycin),Etoposide (VP-16),Vincristine,Vincristine; actinomycin-D; - cyclophosphamide (VAC) - Doxorubicin Hydrochloride - Doxorubicin Prodrug L-377,202 + - Doxorubicin Prodrug/Prodrug-activating Biomaterial SQ3370 - Doxorubicin-Eluting Beads - Doxorubicin-HPMA Conjugate - Doxorubicin-loaded EGFR-targeting Nanocells - Doxorubicin-Magnetic Targeted Carrier Complex - - Doxorubicin, liposome encapsulated (Liposome Company) - DPT/BCG/Measles/Serratia/Pneumococcus Vaccine - DPT/Typhoid/Staphylococcus aureus/Paratyphoid A/Paratyphoid B Vaccine - DPX-E7 HPV Vaccine @@ -2120,6 +2392,7 @@ properties: - DR5-targeting Tetrameric Nanobody Agonist TAS266 - Dromostanolone Propionate - Drozitumab + - DTRMWXHS-12/Everolimus/Pomalidomide Combination Agent DTRM-555 - Dual IGF-1R/InsR Inhibitor BMS-754807 - Dual Variable Domain Immunoglobulin ABT-165 - Dual-affinity B7-H3/CD3-targeted Protein MGD009 @@ -2136,12 +2409,13 @@ properties: - Dynemicin - Dynemicin A - E2F1 Pathway Activator ARQ 171 - - E7389 (Eribulin; Halichondrin B Analog) - EBNA-1 inhibitor VK-2019 - Echinomycin - Ecromeximab - Edatrexate - Edelfosine + - Edicotinib + - Edodekin alfa - Edotecarin - Edrecolomab - EED Inhibitor MAK683 @@ -2151,6 +2425,7 @@ properties: - Eflornithine - Eflornithine Hydrochloride - Eftilagimod Alpha + - Eftozanermin Alfa - Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor 4SC-205 - Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor ARQ 621 - EGb761 @@ -2160,17 +2435,23 @@ properties: - EGFR Inhibitor BIBX 1382 - EGFR Inhibitor DBPR112 - EGFR Inhibitor PD-168393 + - EGFR Inhibitor TY-9591 + - EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor TQB3804 - EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor BPI-7711 - EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor CK-101 - EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor D-0316 - EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor ZN-e4 - EGFR T790M Antagonist BPI-15086 - EGFR T790M Inhibitor HS-10296 + - EGFR/EGFRvIII Inhibitor WSD0922-FU - EGFR/FLT3/Abl Inhibitor SKLB1028 - EGFR/HER1/HER2 Inhibitor PKI166 - EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor AP32788 - EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor AV-412 + - EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor DZD9008 - EGFR/HER2 Kinase Inhibitor TAK-285 + - EGFR/TGFb Fusion Monoclonal Antibody BCA101 + - EGFR/VEGFR/RET Inhibitor HA121-28 - Eicosapentaenoic Acid - eIF4E Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 183750 - Elacestrant @@ -2191,22 +2472,28 @@ properties: - Eltanexor - Emactuzumab - Emapalumab - - EMD 121974 (Cilengitide) - Emepepimut-S + - Emibetuzumab - Emitefur - Emofolin Sodium - Empesertib - Enadenotucirev - Enadenotucirev-expressing Anti-CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody NG-350A + - Enadenotucirev-expressing FAP/CD3 Bispecific FAP-TAc NG-641 - Enasidenib - Enasidenib Mesylate - Enavatuzumab + - Encapsulated Rapamycin + - Encelimab - Enclomiphene - Enclomiphene Citrate - Encorafenib + - Endothelin B Receptor Blocker ENB 003 - Endothelin Receptor Type A Antagonist YM598 - Enfortumab Vedotin - Engineered Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells AB-205 + - Engineered Red Blood Cells Co-expressing 4-1BBL and IL-15TP RTX-240 + - Engineered Toxin Body Targeting CD38 TAK-169 - Engineered Toxin Body Targeting HER2 MT-5111 - Eniluracil/5-FU Combination Tablet - Enloplatin @@ -2226,12 +2513,15 @@ properties: - Enzalutamide - Enzastaurin - Enzastaurin Hydrochloride + - EP2/EP4 Antagonist TPST-1495 + - EP4 Antagonist INV-1120 - EP4 Antagonist ONO-4578 - Epacadostat + - Epcoritamab + - EphA2-targeting Bicycle Toxin Conjugate BT5528 - Epipodophyllotoxin Analog GL331 - Epipropidine - Epirubicin - - Epirubicin (Ellence) - Epirubicin Hydrochloride - Epitinib Succinate - Epitiostanol @@ -2252,6 +2542,8 @@ properties: - ERK Inhibitor LTT462 - ERK Inhibitor MK-8353 - ERK1/2 Inhibitor ASN007 + - ERK1/2 Inhibitor HH2710 + - ERK1/2 Inhibitor JSI-1187 - ERK1/2 Inhibitor KO-947 - ERK1/2 Inhibitor LY3214996 - Erlotinib @@ -2263,7 +2555,6 @@ properties: - Esperamicin A1 - Essiac - Esterified Estrogens - - Estradiol mustard - Estradiol Valerate - Estramustine - Estramustine Phosphate Sodium @@ -2279,28 +2570,31 @@ properties: - Ethyleneimine - Ethylnitrosourea - Etidronate-Cytarabine Conjugate MBC-11 + - Etigilimab - Etirinotecan Pegol - Etoglucid - Etoposide - - Etoposide (VP-16) - Etoposide Phosphate - Etoposide Toniribate - Etoprine - Etoricoxib - Ets-family Transcription Factor Inhibitor TK216 - Everolimus - - Everolimus (RAD-001) - Everolimus Tablets for Oral Suspension - Evofosfamide - Ex Vivo-expanded Autologous T Cells IMA101 - Exatecan Mesylate - Exatecan Mesylate Anhydrous - Exemestane - - Exemestane (Aromasin) + - Exicorilant - Exisulind - Extended Release Flucytosine + - Extended Release Metformin Hydrochloride - Extended-release Onapristone + - Ezabenlimab - EZH1/2 Inhibitor DS-3201 + - EZH1/2 Inhibitor HH2853 + - EZH2 inhibitor CPI-0209 - EZH2 Inhibitor CPI-1205 - EZH2 Inhibitor PF-06821497 - EZH2 Inhibitor SHR2554 @@ -2308,43 +2602,58 @@ properties: - FACT Complex-targeting Curaxin CBL0137 - Factor VII-targeting Immunoconjugate Protein ICON-1 - Factor VIIa Inhibitor PCI-27483 + - Fadraciclib - Fadrozole Hydrochloride - FAK Inhibitor GSK2256098 - FAK Inhibitor PF-00562271 - FAK Inhibitor VS-4718 + - FAK/ALK/ROS1 Inhibitor APG-2449 - Falimarev - Famitinib + - FAP/4-1BB-targeting DARPin MP0310 + - FAP/4-1BB-targeting Fusion Protein RO7122290 - Farletuzumab - Farnesyltransferase/Geranylgeranyltransferase Inhibitor L-778,123 + - Fas Ligand-treated Allogeneic Mobilized Peripheral Blood Cells - Fas Receptor Agonist APO010 - Fascin Inhibitor NP-G2-044 - FASN Inhibitor TVB-2640 + - Favezelimab - Fazarabine + - Fc-engineered Anti-CD40 Agonist Antibody 2141-V11 - Febuxostat - Fedratinib - Fedratinib Hydrochloride + - Feladilimab + - Felzartamab - Fenebrutinib - Fenretinide - Fenretinide Lipid Matrix + - Fenretinide Phospholipid Suspension ST-001 - FGF Receptor Antagonist HGS1036 - FGF/FGFR Pathway Inhibitor E7090 - FGFR Inhibitor ASP5878 - FGFR Inhibitor AZD4547 + - FGFR Inhibitor CPL304110 - FGFR Inhibitor Debio 1347 - FGFR Inhibitor TAS-120 + - FGFR/CSF-1R Inhibitor 3D185 - FGFR/VEGFR/PDGFR/FLT3/SRC Inhibitor XL999 - FGFR1/2/3 Inhibitor HMPL-453 + - FGFR2 Inhibitor RLY-4008 - FGFR4 Antagonist INCB062079 - FGFR4 Inhibitor BLU 9931 - FGFR4 Inhibitor FGF401 - FGFR4 Inhibitor H3B-6527 - FGFR4 Inhibitor ICP-105 + - Fianlimab - Fibromun - Ficlatuzumab - Figitumumab - Filanesib - Filgotinib - Filgrastim + - Fimaporfin A - Fimepinostat - Firtecan Pegol - Fisogatinib @@ -2354,15 +2663,19 @@ properties: - FLT3 Inhibitor FF-10101 Succinate - FLT3 Inhibitor HM43239 - FLT3 Inhibitor SKI-G-801 + - Flt3 Ligand/Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody/IL-12 Engineered Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus RIVAL-01 - FLT3 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TTT-3002 - FLT3/ABL/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor KW-2449 - FLT3/CDK4/6 Inhibitor FLX925 + - FLT3/FGFR Dual Kinase Inhibitor MAX-40279 - FLT3/KIT Kinase Inhibitor AKN-028 + - FLT3/KIT/CSF1R Inhibitor NMS-03592088 - Flt3/MerTK Inhibitor MRX-2843 - Fludarabine - Fludarabine Phosphate - Flumatinib - Flumatinib Mesylate + - Fluorine F 18 Ara-G - Fluorodopan - Fluorouracil - Fluorouracil Implant @@ -2379,18 +2692,18 @@ properties: - Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid EC0489 - Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid/Mitomycin C EC0225 - Folate-FITC - - 'FOLFIRI: 5-FU, Irinotecan, Leucovorin' - - Folfirinox/ mFolfirinox - - FOLFOX - Folic Acid - Folitixorin - Foretinib + - Foritinib Succinate - Formestane - Forodesine Hydrochloride - Fosaprepitant - Fosbretabulin - Fosbretabulin Disodium - Fosbretabulin Tromethamine + - Fosgemcitabine Palabenamide + - Fosifloxuridine Nafalbenamide - Foslinanib - Foslinanib Disodium - Fosquidone @@ -2402,11 +2715,12 @@ properties: - Fresolimumab - Fruquintinib - Fulvestrant - - Fulvestrant (Faslodex) - Fumagillin-Derived Polymer Conjugate XMT-1107 - Fursultiamine + - Futibatinib - Futuximab - Futuximab/Modotuximab Mixture + - G Protein-coupled Estrogen Receptor Agonist LNS8801 - G-Quadruplex Stabilizer BMVC - Galamustine - Galarubicin @@ -2414,6 +2728,7 @@ properties: - Galectin-1 Inhibitor OTX008 - Galeterone - Galiximab + - Gallium-based Bone Resorption Inhibitor AP-002 - Galocitabine - Galunisertib - Gamboge Resin Extract TSB-9-W1 @@ -2431,14 +2746,12 @@ properties: - Gastrin/cholecystokinin Type B Receptor Inhibitor Z-360 - Gataparsen Sodium - Gatipotuzumab - - GDC-0449 (Vismodegib) + - GBM Antigens and Alloantigens Immunotherapeutic Vaccine - Gedatolisib - Gefitinib - Geldanamycin - Gelonin - Gemcitabine - - Gemcitabine (Gemzar) - - Gemcitabine abraxane (nab-paclitaxel) - Gemcitabine Elaidate - Gemcitabine Hydrochloride - Gemcitabine Hydrochloride Emulsion @@ -2446,15 +2759,18 @@ properties: - Gemcitabine-Phosphoramidate Hydrochloride NUC-1031 - Gemcitabine-Releasing Intravesical System - Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin + - Genetically Modified Interleukin-12 Transgene-encoding Bifidobacterium longum - Genistein - Gentuximab - Geranylgeranyltransferase I Inhibitor - GI-4000 Vaccine + - Giloralimab - Gilteritinib - Gilteritinib Fumarate - Gimatecan - Gimeracil - Ginsenoside Rg3 Capsule + - Giredestrant - Girentuximab - Girodazole - GITR Agonist MEDI1873 @@ -2470,12 +2786,15 @@ properties: - Glioma Lysate Vaccine GBM6-AD - Glioma-associated Peptide-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine SL-701 - Globo H-DT Vaccine OBI-833 + - Glofitamab - Glucarpidase - Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ORIC-101 - Glufosfamide - Glumetinib - Glutaminase Inhibitor CB-839 - Glutaminase Inhibitor CB-839 Hydrochloride + - Glutaminase Inhibitor IPN60090 + - Glutamine Antagonist DRP-104 - Glutathione Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Formulation 2B3-101 - Glyco-engineered Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody CHO H01 - Glycooptimized Trastuzumab-GEX @@ -2532,7 +2851,10 @@ properties: - HER-2-positive B-cell Peptide Antigen P467-DT-CRM197/Montanide Vaccine IMU-131 - HER2 ECD+TM Virus-like Replicon Particles Vaccine AVX901 - HER2 Inhibitor CP-724,714 + - HER2 Inhibitor DZD1516 - HER2 Inhibitor TAS0728 + - HER2 Tri-specific Natural Killer Cell Engager DF1001 + - HER2-directed TLR8 Agonist SBT6050 - HER2-targeted DARPin MP0274 - HER2-targeted Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride MM-302 - HER2-targeting Antibody Fc Fragment FS102 @@ -2545,7 +2867,7 @@ properties: - HIF-1alpha Inhibitor PX-478 - HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2385 - HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2977 - - High-dose methotrexate; doxorubicin; cisplatin (MAP) + - HIF2a RNAi ARO-HIF2 - Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase EZH2 Inhibitor GSK2816126 - Histrelin Acetate - HLA-A*0201 Restricted TERT(572Y)/TERT(572) Peptides Vaccine Vx-001 @@ -2556,14 +2878,17 @@ properties: - Holmium Ho 166 Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Microspheres - Hormone Therapy - HPPH + - HPV 16 E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-202 - HPV 16 E7 Antigen-expressing Lactobacillis casei Vaccine BLS-ILB-E710c - HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine VGX-3100 - HPV E6/E7 DNA Vaccine GX-188E + - HPV E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-201 - HPV Types 16/18 E6/E7-Adenoviral Transduced Autologous Lymphocytes/alpha-Galactosylceramide Vaccine BVAC-C - HPV-16 E6 Peptides Vaccine/Candida albicans Extract - HPV-6-targeting Immunotherapeutic Vaccine INO-3106 - HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted IgG1-Fc Fusion Protein CUE-101 - HPV16 L2/E6/E7 Fusion Protein Vaccine TA-CIN + - HPV6/11-targeted DNA Plasmid Vaccine INO-3107 - Hsp90 Antagonist KW-2478 - Hsp90 Inhibitor AB-010 - Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB021 @@ -2575,7 +2900,9 @@ properties: - Hsp90 Inhibitor PU-H71 - Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5422 Mesylate - Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5542 Mesylate + - Hsp90 Inhibitor TQB3474 - Hsp90 Inhibitor XL888 + - Hsp90-targeted Photosensitizer HS-201 - HSP90-targeted SN-38 Conjugate PEN-866 - HSP90alpha/beta Inhibitor TAS-116 - hTERT Multipeptide/Montanide ISA-51 VG/Imiquimod Vaccine GX 301 @@ -2592,6 +2919,7 @@ properties: - Human Monoclonal Antibody 216 - Human Monoclonal Antibody B11-hCG Beta Fusion Protein CDX-1307 - Human Papillomavirus 16 E7 Peptide/Padre 965.10 + - Hyaluronidase-zzxf/Pertuzumab/Trastuzumab - Hycanthone - Hydralazine Hydrochloride - Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate @@ -2606,6 +2934,8 @@ properties: - I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49 - I 131 Monoclonal Antibody F19 - I 131 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1 + - Iadademstat + - Ianalumab - IAP Inhibitor APG-1387 - IAP Inhibitor AT-406 - IAP Inhibitor HGS1029 @@ -2623,18 +2953,23 @@ properties: - Idasanutlin - Idecabtagene Vicleucel - Idelalisib + - Idetrexed + - IDH1 Mutant Inhibitor LY3410738 - IDH1(R132) Inhibitor IDH305 - IDH1R132H-Specific Peptide Vaccine PEPIDH1M - Idiotype-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine APC8020 - IDO Peptide Vaccine IO102 - IDO-1 Inhibitor LY3381916 - IDO/TDO Inhibitor HTI-1090 + - IDO/TDO Inhibitor LY-01013 - IDO1 Inhibitor KHK2455 - IDO1 Inhibitor MK-7162 - IDO1 Inhibitor PF-06840003 - IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor DN1406131 + - IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor M4112 - Idronoxil - Idronoxil Suppository NOX66 + - Ieramilimab - Ifabotuzumab - Ifetroban - Ifosfamide @@ -2645,20 +2980,25 @@ properties: - IL-10 Immunomodulator MK-1966 - IL-12-expressing HSV-1 NSC 733972 - IL-12-expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Vaccine GX-051 + - IL-12sc, IL-15sushi, IFNa and GM-CSF mRNA-based Immunotherapeutic Agent SAR441000 - IL-2 Recombinant Fusion Protein ALT-801 - IL-2/9/15 Gamma Chain Receptor Inhibitor BNZ-1 - IL4-Pseudomonas Exotoxin Fusion Protein MDNA55 + - Ilginatinib - Ilixadencel - Iloprost - Ilorasertib - Imalumab + - Imaradenant - Imatinib - Imatinib Mesylate - Imetelstat - Imetelstat Sodium - Imexon + - Imgatuzumab - Imidazole Mustard - Imidazole-Pyrazole + - Imifoplatin - Imipramine Blue - Imiquimod - Immediate-release Onapristone @@ -2676,16 +3016,21 @@ properties: - Immunotherapy Regimen MKC-1106-MT - Immunotoxin CMD-193 - IMT-1012 Immunotherapeutic Vaccine + - Inactivated Oncolytic Virus Particle GEN0101 - Inalimarev - Incyclinide + - Indatuximab Ravtansine - Indibulin - Indicine-N-Oxide - Indisulam + - Individualized MVA-based Vaccine TG4050 - Indocyanine Green-labeled Polymeric Micelles ONM-100 - Indole-3-Carbinol - Indomethacin - Indoximod - Indoximod Prodrug NLG802 + - Indusatumab Vedotin + - Inebilizumab - Inecalcitol - Infigratinib - Infigratinib Mesylate @@ -2693,6 +3038,7 @@ properties: - Ingenol Mebutate - Ingenol Mebutate Gel - Iniparib + - iNKT Cell Agonist ABX196 - Innate Immunostimulator rBBX-01 - INO-1001 - Inodiftagene Vixteplasmid @@ -2712,6 +3058,11 @@ properties: - Interferon Gamma-1b - Interferon-gamma-expressing Adenovirus Vaccine ASN-002 - Interleukin Therapy + - Interleukin-12-Fc Fusion Protein DF6002 + - Interleukin-15 Agonist Fusion Protein SHR1501 + - Interleukin-15 Fusion Protein BJ-001 + - Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Complex-Fc Fusion Protein XmAb24306 + - Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Sushi+ Domain Fusion Protein SO-C101 - Interleukin-2 Liposome - Intermediate-affinity Interleukin-2 Receptor Agonist ALKS 4230 - Intetumumab @@ -2723,8 +3074,10 @@ properties: - Iodine I 124 Monoclonal Antibody M5A - Iodine I 125-Anti-EGFR-425 Monoclonal Antibody - Iodine I 131 Anti-Fibronectin Antibody Fragment L19-SIP + - Iodine I 131 Apamistamab - Iodine I 131 Derlotuximab Biotin - Iodine I 131 Ethiodized Oil + - Iodine I 131 IPA - Iodine I 131 MIP-1095 - Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6 - Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody BC8 @@ -2743,21 +3096,23 @@ properties: - Ipafricept - Ipatasertib - Ipilimumab - - Ipilimumab (BMS-734016; MDX-010 Transfectoma-derived) - Ipomeanol - Iproplatin - iPSC-derived CD16-expressing Natural Killer Cells FT516 + - iPSC-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing Anti-CD19 CAR-NK Cells FT596 - iPSC-derived Natural Killer Cells FT500 - IRAK4 Inhibitor CA-4948 - Iratumumab - Iridium Ir 192 - Irinotecan - - Irinotecan (CPT-11, Camptosar) - Irinotecan Hydrochloride + - Irinotecan Sucrosofate - Irinotecan-Eluting Beads - Irinotecan/P-glycoprotein Inhibitor HM30181AK Combination Tablet - Irofulven + - Iroplact - Irosustat + - Irradiated Allogeneic Human Lung Cancer Cells Expressing OX40L-Ig Vaccine HS-130 - Isatuximab - Iso-fludelone - Isobrucein B @@ -2766,16 +3121,19 @@ properties: - Ispinesib - Ispinesib Mesylate - ISS 1018 CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide + - Istiratumab - Itacitinib - Itacitinib Adipate - ITK Inhibitor CPI-818 - Itraconazole - Itraconazole Dispersion In Polymer Matrix + - Ivaltinostat - Ivosidenib + - Ivuxolimab - Ixabepilone - - Ixabepilone (BMS 247550, Ixempra) - Ixazomib - Ixazomib Citrate + - JAK Inhibitor - JAK Inhibitor INCB047986 - JAK1 Inhibitor AZD4205 - JAK1 Inhibitor INCB052793 @@ -2786,11 +3144,15 @@ properties: - Jin Fu Kang - JNK Inhibitor CC-401 - Kanglaite + - Kanitinib - Ketoconazole - Ketotrexate + - KRAS G12C Inhibitor GDC-6036 + - KRAS G12C Inhibitor LY3499446 - KRAS G12C Inhibitor MRTX849 - KRAS Mutant-targeting AMG 510 - KRAS-MAPK Signaling Pathway Inhibitor JAB-3312 + - KRASG12C Inhibitor JNJ-74699157 - KRN5500 - KSP Inhibitor AZD4877 - KSP Inhibitor SB-743921 @@ -2800,16 +3162,21 @@ properties: - Labetuzumab Govitecan - Lactoferrin-derived Lytic Peptide LTX-315 - Lacutamab + - Ladiratuzumab Vedotin - Ladirubicin - Laetrile + - LAIR-2 Fusion Protein NC410 + - Landogrozumab - Laniquidar - Lanreotide Acetate - Lapachone - Lapatinib - Lapatinib Ditosylate + - Laprituximab Emtansine - Lapuleucel-T - Laromustine - Larotaxel + - Larotinib Mesylate - Larotrectinib - Larotrectinib Sulfate - Lavendustin A @@ -2823,9 +3190,11 @@ properties: - Lenvatinib - Lenvatinib Mesylate - Lenzilumab + - Lerociclib - Lestaurtinib + - Letetresgene Autoleucel + - Letolizumab - Letrozole - - Letrozole (Femara) - Leucovorin - Leucovorin Calcium - Leuprolide @@ -2843,12 +3212,16 @@ properties: - Licartin - Licorice - Lifastuzumab Vedotin + - Lifileucel + - Lifirafenib - Light-activated AU-011 - Light-Emitting Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus GL-ONC1 + - Lilotomab - Limonene, (+)- - Limonene, (+/-)- - Linifanib - Linoleyl Carbonate-Paclitaxel + - Linperlisib - Linrodostat - Linsitinib - Lintuzumab @@ -2857,14 +3230,14 @@ properties: - Lipid Encapsulated Anti-PLK1 siRNA TKM-PLK1 - Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated mRNAs Encoding Human IL-12A/IL-12B MEDI-1191 - Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated OX40L mRNA-2416 + - Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating Glutathione S-transferase P siRNA NBF-006 - Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating mRNAs Encoding Human OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNA-2752 + - Liposomal Bcl-2 Antisense Oligonucleotide BP1002 - Liposomal c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide - Liposomal Curcumin - Liposomal Cytarabine - Liposomal Daunorubicin Citrate - Liposomal Docetaxel - - Liposomal doxorubicin - - Liposomal Doxorubicin (Doxil) - Liposomal Eribulin Mesylate - Liposomal HPV-16 E6/E7 Multipeptide Vaccine PDS0101 - Liposomal Irinotecan @@ -2882,6 +3255,7 @@ properties: - Liposome-encapsulated miR-34 Mimic MRX34 - Liposome-encapsulated OSI-7904 - Liposome-encapsulated RB94 Plasmid DNA Gene Therapy Agent SGT-94 + - Liposome-encapsulated TAAs mRNA Vaccine W_ova1 - Lirilumab - Lisavanbulin - Lisocabtagene Maraleucel @@ -2899,7 +3273,10 @@ properties: - LmddA-LLO-chHER2 Fusion Protein-secreting Live-attenuated Listeria Cancer Vaccine ADXS31-164 - LMP-2:340-349 Peptide Vaccine - LMP-2:419-427 Peptide Vaccine + - LMP2-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes + - LMP7 Inhibitor M3258 - Lobaplatin + - Lodapolimab - Lometrexol - Lometrexol Sodium - Lomustine @@ -2916,17 +3293,21 @@ properties: - Losoxantrone Hydrochloride - Lovastatin - LOXL2 Inhibitor PAT-1251 + - LRP5 Antagonist BI 905681 - LRP5/6 Antagonist BI 905677 - LSD1 Inhibitor CC-90011 - LSD1 Inhibitor GSK2879552 - LSD1 Inhibitor IMG-7289 - LSD1 Inhibitor RO7051790 + - LSD1 Inhibitor SYHA1807 - Lucanthone - Lucatumumab - Lucitanib - Luminespib - Luminespib Mesylate + - Lumretuzumab - Lung-targeted Immunomodulator QBKPN + - Lupartumab Amadotin - Lurbinectedin - Lurtotecan - Lurtotecan Liposome @@ -2941,6 +3322,7 @@ properties: - Lutetium Lu 177 PP-F11N - Lutetium Lu 177 Satoreotide Tetraxetan - Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-EB-TATE + - Lutetium Lu 177-DTPA-omburtamab - Lutetium Lu 177-Edotreotide - Lutetium Lu 177-NeoB - Lutetium Lu 177-PSMA-617 @@ -2953,17 +3335,22 @@ properties: - Lyophilized Black Raspberry Saliva Substitute - Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Inhibitor INCB059872 - Lyso-Thermosensitive Liposome Doxorubicin + - Maackia amurensis Seed Lectin - Macimorelin - Macitentan + - Macrocycle-bridged STING Agonist E7766 - Maekmoondong-tang - Mafosfamide - MAGE-10.A2 + - MAGE-A1-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-cells - MAGE-A3 Multipeptide Vaccine GL-0817 - MAGE-A3 Peptide Vaccine - MAGE-A3-specific Immunotherapeutic GSK 2132231A - MAGE-A4-specific TCR Gene-transduced Autologous T Lymphocytes TBI-1201 - Magnesium Valproate + - Magrolimab - MALT1 Inhibitor JNJ-67856633 + - Manelimab - Mannosulfan - Mannosylerythritol Lipid - Mapatumumab @@ -2981,6 +3368,7 @@ properties: - Mavelertinib - Mavorixafor - Maytansine + - MCL-1 Inhibitor ABBV-467 - MCL-1 Inhibitor AMG 176 - MCL-1 inhibitor AMG 397 - Mcl-1 Inhibitor AZD5991 @@ -2989,11 +3377,11 @@ properties: - MDM2 Antagonist RO5045337 - MDM2 Antagonist RO6839921 - MDM2 Inhibitor AMG-232 + - MDM2 Inhibitor AMGMDS3 - MDM2 Inhibitor BI 907828 - MDM2 Inhibitor KRT-232 - MDM2/MDMX Inhibitor ALRN-6924 - MDR Modulator CBT-1 - - MDV3100 (Enzalutamide) - Mechlorethamine - Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride - Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride Gel @@ -3001,12 +3389,13 @@ properties: - Medroxyprogesterone - Medroxyprogesterone Acetate - Megestrol Acetate - - Megestrol acetate (Megace) - MEK 1/2 Inhibitor AS703988/MSC2015103B + - MEK 1/2 Inhibitor FCN-159 - MEK Inhibitor AZD8330 - MEK Inhibitor CI-1040 - MEK inhibitor CS3006 - MEK Inhibitor GDC-0623 + - MEK Inhibitor HL-085 - MEK Inhibitor PD0325901 - MEK Inhibitor RO4987655 - MEK Inhibitor SHR 7390 @@ -3024,6 +3413,7 @@ properties: - Melphalan Hydrochloride/Sulfobutyl Ether Beta-Cyclodextrin Complex - Membrane-Disrupting Peptide EP-100 - Menatetrenone + - Menin-MLL Interaction Inhibitor SNDX-5613 - Menogaril - Merbarone - Mercaptopurine @@ -3038,9 +3428,11 @@ properties: - MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-04217903 - MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SAR125844 - MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SGX523 + - MET x MET Bispecific Antibody REGN5093 - Metamelfalan - MetAP2 Inhibitor APL-1202 - MetAP2 Inhibitor SDX-7320 + - Metarrestin - Metatinib Tromethamine - Metformin - Metformin Hydrochloride @@ -3055,8 +3447,8 @@ properties: - Methoxsalen - Methoxyamine - Methoxyamine Hydrochloride - - Methoxyamine hydrochloride (TRC102) - Methyl-5-Aminolevulinate Hydrochloride Cream + - Methylcantharidimide - Methylmercaptopurine Riboside - Methylprednisolone - Methylprednisolone Acetate @@ -3064,16 +3456,21 @@ properties: - Methylselenocysteine - Methyltestosterone - Metoprine + - Mevociclib + - Mezagitamab - Mibefradil - Mibefradil Dihydrochloride - Micellar Nanoparticle-encapsulated Epirubicin - Micro Needle Array-Doxorubicin + - Microbiome GEN-001 + - Microbiome-derived Peptide Vaccine EO2401 - Microparticle-encapsulated CYP1B1-encoding DNA Vaccine ZYC300 - Microtubule Inhibitor SCB01A - Midostaurin - Mifamurtide - Mifepristone - Milademetan Tosylate + - Milataxel - Milatuzumab - Milatuzumab-Doxorubicin Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMMU-110 - Milciclib Maleate @@ -3081,9 +3478,14 @@ properties: - Miltefosine - Minretumomab - Mipsagargin + - Miptenalimab - Mirabegron + - Miransertib + - Mirdametinib - Mirvetuximab Soravtansine + - Mirzotamab Clezutoclax - Misonidazole + - Mitazalimab - Mitindomide - Mitobronitol - Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor ATR-101 @@ -3107,13 +3509,15 @@ properties: - Mivobulin - Mivobulin Isethionate - Mixed Bacteria Vaccine - - MK-2206 - MK0731 - MKC-1 - MKNK1 Inhibitor BAY 1143269 - MMP Inhibitor S-3304 - MNK1/2 Inhibitor ETC-1907206 + - Mobocertinib - Mocetinostat + - Modakafusp Alfa + - Modified Vaccinia Ankara-vectored HPV16/18 Vaccine JNJ-65195208 - Modified Vitamin D Binding Protein Macrophage Activator EF-022 - Modotuximab - MOF Compound RiMO-301 @@ -3177,6 +3581,7 @@ properties: - Motesanib Diphosphate - Motexafin Gadolinium - Motexafin Lutetium + - Motixafortide - Motolimod - MOv-gamma Chimeric Receptor Gene - Moxetumomab Pasudotox @@ -3200,11 +3605,13 @@ properties: - mTORC 1/2 Inhibitor LXI-15029 - mTORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor BI 860585 - mTORC1/mTORC2/DHFR Inhibitor ABTL0812 + - MUC-1/WT1 Peptide-primed Autologous Dendritic Cells - MUC1-targeted Peptide GO-203-2C - Mucoadhesive Paclitaxel Formulation - Multi-AGC Kinase Inhibitor AT13148 - Multi-epitope Anti-folate Receptor Peptide Vaccine TPIV 200 - Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine H2NVAC + - Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine TPIV100 - Multi-glioblastoma-peptide-targeting Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine ICT-107 - Multi-kinase Inhibitor TPX-0022 - Multi-kinase Inhibitor XL092 @@ -3219,10 +3626,13 @@ properties: - Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor JNJ-26483327 - Muparfostat - Mureletecan + - Murizatoclax + - Muscadine Grape Extract - Mutant IDH1 Inhibitor DS-1001 - Mutant p53 Activator COTI-2 - Mutant-selective EGFR Inhibitor PF-06459988 - MVA Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine MVA-209-FSP + - MVA-BN Smallpox Vaccine - MVA-FCU1 TG4023 - MVX-1-loaded Macrocapsule/autologous Tumor Cell Vaccine MVX-ONCO-1 - MYC-targeting siRNA DCR-MYC @@ -3230,6 +3640,7 @@ properties: - Mycobacterium w - Mycophenolic Acid - N-(5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl)-N-(4-(4-pyridinyl)oxyphenyl) Urea + - N-dihydrogalactochitosan - N-Methylformamide - N,N-Dibenzyl Daunomycin - NA17-A Antigen @@ -3237,6 +3648,7 @@ properties: - Nab-paclitaxel - Nab-paclitaxel/Rituximab-coated Nanoparticle AR160 - Nadofaragene Firadenovec + - Nagrestipen - Namirotene - Namodenoson - NAMPT Inhibitor OT-82 @@ -3255,11 +3667,13 @@ properties: - Naphthalimide Analogue UNBS5162 - Naptumomab Estafenatox - Naquotinib + - Naratuximab Emtansine - Narnatumab - Natalizumab - Natural IFN-alpha OPC-18 - Natural Killer Cells ZRx101 - Navarixin + - Navicixizumab - Navitoclax - Navoximod - Navy Bean Powder @@ -3312,9 +3726,9 @@ properties: - NLRP3 Agonist BMS-986299 - Nocodazole - Nogalamycin + - Nogapendekin Alfa - Nolatrexed Dihydrochloride - Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer mRNA-Derived Vaccine CV9201 - - None - Norgestrel - North American Ginseng Extract AFX-2 - Nortopixantrone @@ -3328,6 +3742,8 @@ properties: - Nucleoside Analog DFP-10917 - Nucleotide Analog Prodrug NUC-3373 - Nucleotide Analogue GS 9219 + - Numidargistat + - Nurulimab - Nutlin-3a - Nutraceutical TBL-12 - NY-ESO-1 Plasmid DNA Cancer Vaccine pPJV7611 @@ -3344,44 +3760,58 @@ properties: - Octreotide - Octreotide Acetate - Octreotide Pamoate + - Odronextamab - Ofatumumab + - Ofranergene Obadenovec - Oglufanide Disodium - Olaparib - Olaptesed Pegol - Olaratumab - Oleandrin - Oleclumab + - Oligo-fucoidan - Oligonucleotide SPC2996 + - Olinvacimab - Olivomycin - Olmutinib - Oltipraz - Olutasidenib + - Olvimulogene Nanivacirepvec - Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate - Ombrabulin - Omipalisib - Onalespib - Onalespib Lactate - Onartuzumab + - Onatasertib - Oncolytic Adenovirus Ad5-DNX-2401 + - Oncolytic Adenovirus ORCA-010 + - Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1 ONCR-177 - Oncolytic HSV-1 C134 + - Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing IL-12 and Anti-PD-1 Antibody T3011 - Oncolytic HSV-1 G207 - Oncolytic HSV-1 NV1020 - Oncolytic HSV-1 rQNestin34.5v.2 - Oncolytic HSV-1 rRp450 - Oncolytic HSV1716 + - Oncolytic Measles Virus Encoding Helicobacter pylori Neutrophil-activating Protein - Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus MEDI5395 - Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus MTH-68H - Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus Strain PV701 - Oncolytic Virus ASP9801 - Oncolytic Virus RP1 - Ondansetron Hydrochloride + - Ontorpacept - Ontuxizumab - Onvansertib + - Onvatilimab - Opaganib - OPCs/Green Tea/Spirullina/Curcumin/Antrodia Camphorate/Fermented Soymilk Extract Capsule - Opioid Growth Factor + - Opolimogene Capmilisbac - Oportuzumab Monatox - Oprozomib + - Opucolimab - Oral Aminolevulinic Acid Hydrochloride - Oral Azacitidine - Oral Cancer Vaccine V3-OVA @@ -3399,10 +3829,11 @@ properties: - Orantinib - Oraxol - Oregovomab + - Orelabrutinib - Ormaplatin - Ortataxel - Orteronel - - OSI-774 (erlotinib; Tarceva) + - Orvacabtagene Autoleucel - Osilodrostat - Osimertinib - Other @@ -3412,8 +3843,7 @@ properties: - Ovine Submaxillary Mucin - OX40L-expressing Oncolytic Adenovirus DNX-2440 - Oxaliplatin - - OXALIplatin (Eloxatin) - - Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin) and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) + - Oxaliplatin Eluting Beads - Oxaliplatin-Encapsulated Transferrin-Conjugated N-glutaryl Phosphatidylethanolamine Liposome - Oxcarbazepine - Oxeclosporin @@ -3436,18 +3866,19 @@ properties: - p70S6K Inhibitor LY2584702 - p70S6K/Akt Inhibitor MSC2363318A - p97 Inhibitor CB-5083 + - p97 Inhibitor CB-5339 + - p97 Inhibitor CB-5339 Tosylate - Paclitaxel - - Paclitaxel (Taxol) - Paclitaxel Ceribate - Paclitaxel Injection Concentrate for Nanodispersion - Paclitaxel Liposome - Paclitaxel Poliglumex - Paclitaxel Polymeric Micelle Formulation NANT-008 - Paclitaxel PPE Microspheres - - Paclitaxel protein-bound particles (albumin-bound) - Paclitaxel Trevatide - Paclitaxel Vitamin E-Based Emulsion - Paclitaxel-Loaded Polymeric Micelle + - Pacmilimab - Pacritinib - Padeliporfin - Padoporfin @@ -3462,6 +3893,7 @@ properties: - Pamidronate Disodium - Pamidronic Acid - Pamiparib + - Pamrevlumab - pan FGFR Inhibitor PRN1371 - Pan HER/VEGFR2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-690514 - Pan-AKT Inhibitor ARQ751 @@ -3470,7 +3902,9 @@ properties: - Pan-FLT3/Pan-BTK Multi-kinase Inhibitor CG-806 - pan-HER Kinase Inhibitor AC480 - Pan-IDH Mutant Inhibitor AG-881 + - Pan-KRAS Inhibitor BI 1701963 - Pan-Mutant-IDH1 Inhibitor Bay-1436032 + - Pan-mutation-selective EGFR Inhibitor CLN-081 - pan-PI3K Inhibitor CLR457 - pan-PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor SF1126 - Pan-PIM Inhibitor INCB053914 @@ -3481,36 +3915,48 @@ properties: - pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor CCT3833 - pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor TAK-580 - Pan-RAR Agonist/AP-1 Inhibitor LGD 1550 + - Pan-TRK Inhibitor NOV1601 - Pan-TRK Inhibitor ONO-7579 - Pan-VEGFR/TIE2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CEP-11981 - Pancratistatin - Panitumumab - Panobinostat - Panobinostat Nanoparticle Formulation MTX110 + - Panulisib - Paricalcitol + - PARP 1/2 Inhibitor IMP4297 - PARP 1/2 Inhibitor NOV1401 - PARP Inhibitor AZD2461 - PARP Inhibitor CEP-9722 - PARP Inhibitor E7016 + - PARP Inhibitor NMS-03305293 - PARP-1/2 Inhibitor ABT-767 - PARP/Tankyrase Inhibitor 2X-121 + - PARP/Tankyrase Inhibitor 2X-121 + - PARP7 Inhibitor RBN-2397 + - Parsaclisib + - Parsaclisib Hydrochloride - Parsatuzumab + - Partially Engineered T-regulatory Cell Donor Graft TRGFT-201 - Parvovirus H-1 - Pasireotide - Pasotuxizumab - Patidegib - Patidegib Topical Gel - Patritumab + - Patritumab Deruxtecan - Patupilone + - Paxalisib - Pazopanib - Pazopanib Hydrochloride - pbi-shRNA STMN1 Lipoplex - PBN Derivative OKN-007 - PCNU - - PD-0332991 - PD-1 Directed Probody CX-188 - PD-1 Inhibitor + - PD-L1 Inhibitor GS-4224 - PD-L1 Inhibitor INCB086550 + - PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA Trispecific Fusion Protein NM21-1480 - PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA Antagonist CA-170 - PDK1 Inhibitor AR-12 - pDNA-encoding Emm55 Autologous Cancer Cell Vaccine IFx-Hu2.0 @@ -3526,6 +3972,7 @@ properties: - Peginterferon Alfa-2a - Peginterferon Alfa-2b - Pegvisomant + - Pegvorhyaluronidase Alfa - Pegylated Deoxycytidine Analogue DFP-14927 - Pegylated Interferon Alfa - Pegylated Liposomal Belotecan @@ -3539,15 +3986,15 @@ properties: - Pegylated Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase PH20 - Pegylated Recombinant Interleukin-2 THOR-707 - Pegylated Recombinant L-asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi + - Pegylated SN-38 Conjugate PLX038 - Pegzilarginase + - Pelabresib - Pelareorep - Peldesine - Pelitinib - Pelitrexol - Pembrolizumab - - Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) - Pemetrexed - - Pemetrexed (Alimta; LY231514) - Pemetrexed Disodium - Pemigatinib - Pemlimogene Merolisbac @@ -3563,6 +4010,7 @@ properties: - Pepinemab - Peplomycin - Peplomycin Sulfate + - Peposertib - Peptichemio - Peptide 946 Melanoma Vaccine - Peptide 946-Tetanus Peptide Conjugate Melanoma Vaccine @@ -3572,7 +4020,10 @@ properties: - Perifosine - Perillyl Alcohol - Personalized ALL-specific Multi-HLA-binding Peptide Vaccine + - Personalized and Adjusted Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine PANDA-VAC - Personalized Cancer Vaccine RO7198457 + - Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PV01 + - Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PVO2 - Personalized Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine iNeo-Vac-P01 - Personalized Neoepitope Yeast Vaccine YE-NEO-001 - Personalized Peptide Cancer Vaccine NEO-PV-01 @@ -3581,7 +4032,6 @@ properties: - Pexastimogene Devacirepvec - Pexidartinib - Pexmetinib - - PF-03084014 - PGG Beta-Glucan - PGLA/PEG Copolymer-Based Paclitaxel - PH20 Hyaluronidase-expressing Adenovirus VCN-01 @@ -3599,6 +4049,7 @@ properties: - Phosphoramide Mustard - Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligomer AVI-4126 - Phosphorus P-32 + - Photodynamic Compound TLD-1433 - Photosensitizer LUZ 11 - Phytochlorin Sodium-Polyvinylpyrrolidone Complex - PI3K Alpha/Beta Inhibitor BAY1082439 @@ -3648,6 +4099,9 @@ properties: - PIM Kinase Inhibitor TP-3654 - PIM/FLT3 Kinase Inhibitor SEL24 - Pimasertib + - Pimitespib + - Pimurutamab + - Pinatuzumab Vedotin - Pingyangmycin - Pinometostat - Pioglitazone @@ -3667,11 +4121,14 @@ properties: - Piroxantrone Hydrochloride - Pixantrone - Pixantrone Dimaleate + - Pixatimod - PKA Regulatory Subunit RIalpha Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 231 - PKC-alpha Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide ISIS 3521 - PKC-beta Inhibitor MS-553 - Placebo - Pladienolide Derivative E7107 + - Plamotamab + - Plasmid DNA Vaccine pING-hHER3FL - Platinum - Platinum Acetylacetonate-Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles - Platinum Compound @@ -3684,6 +4141,8 @@ properties: - PLK1 Inhibitor TAK-960 - Plocabulin - Plozalizumab + - pNGVL4a-CRT-E6E7L2 DNA Vaccine + - pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 DNA and HPV16 L2/E6/E7 Fusion Protein TA-CIN Vaccine PVX-2 - Pol I Inhibitor CX5461 - Polatuzumab Vedotin - Polidocanol @@ -3701,6 +4160,7 @@ properties: - Polyandrol - Polyethylene Glycol Recombinant Endostatin - Polyethyleneglycol-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin DFP-13318 + - Polymer-conjugated IL-15 Receptor Agonist NKTR-255 - Polymer-encapsulated Luteolin Nanoparticle - Polymeric Camptothecin Prodrug XMT-1001 - Polypodium leucotomos Extract @@ -3717,12 +4177,16 @@ properties: - Porcupine Inhibitor ETC-1922159 - Porcupine Inhibitor RXC004 - Porcupine Inhibitor WNT974 + - Porcupine Inhibitor XNW7201 - Porfimer Sodium - Porfiromycin - Poziotinib + - PPAR Alpha Antagonist TPST-1120 - PR1 Leukemia Peptide Vaccine - Pracinostat - Pralatrexate + - Pralsetinib + - Praluzatamab Ravtansine - PRAME-targeting T-cell Receptor/Inducible Caspase 9 BPX-701 - Pravastatin Sodium - Prednimustine @@ -3737,12 +4201,15 @@ properties: - Prinomastat - PRMT1 Inhibitor GSK3368715 - PRMT5 Inhibitor JNJ-64619178 + - PRMT5 Inhibitor PRT811 - Proapoptotic Sulindac Analog CP-461 - Procarbazine - Procarbazine Hydrochloride - Procaspase Activating Compound-1 VO-100 - Progestational IUD - Prohibitin-Targeting Peptide 1 + - Prolgolimab + - Prostaglandin E2 EP4 Receptor Inhibitor AN0025 - Prostaglandin E2 EP4 Receptor Inhibitor E7046 - Prostate Cancer Vaccine ONY-P1 - Prostate Health Cocktail Dietary Supplement @@ -3754,8 +4221,8 @@ properties: - Protein Kinase C Inhibitor IDE196 - Protein Phosphatase 2A Inhibitor LB-100 - Protein Stabilized Liposomal Docetaxel Nanoparticles + - Protein Tyrosine Kinase 2 Inhibitor IN10018 - Proxalutamide - - PS-341 (bortezomib; Velcade) - PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF Vaccine - PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmid INO-5150 - Pseudoisocytidine @@ -3778,6 +4245,7 @@ properties: - Pyrotinib Dimaleate - Pyroxamide - Pyruvate Kinase Inhibitor TLN-232 + - Pyruvate Kinase M2 Isoform Activator TP-1454 - Qilisheng Immunoregulatory Oral Solution - Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) Recombinant Vaccine - Quarfloxin @@ -3786,10 +4254,12 @@ properties: - Quisinostat - Quizartinib - R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid - - R-CHOP - Rabusertib + - Racemetyrosine/Methoxsalen/Phenytoin/Sirolimus SM-88 - Racotumomab - RAD51 Inhibitor CYT-0851 + - Radgocitabine + - Radgocitabine Hydrochloride - Radioactive Iodine - Radiolabeled CC49 - Radium Ra 223 Dichloride @@ -3799,14 +4269,13 @@ properties: - Raf Kinase Inhibitor HM95573 - RAF Kinase Inhibitor L-779450 - RAF Kinase Inhibitor XL281 + - Ragifilimab - Ralaniten Acetate - Ralimetinib Mesylate - Raloxifene - Raloxifene Hydrochloride - Raltitrexed - Ramucirumab - - Ramucirumab (Cyramza) - - Ramucirumab (IMC-1121B) - Ranibizumab - Ranimustine - Ranolazine @@ -3824,8 +4293,10 @@ properties: - Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor R1530 - Recombinant Adenovirus-p53 SCH-58500 - Recombinant Anti-WT1 Immunotherapeutic GSK2302024A + - Recombinant Bacterial Minicells VAX014 - Recombinant Bispecific Single-Chain Antibody rM28 - Recombinant CD40-Ligand + - Recombinant Erwinia asparaginase JZP-458 - Recombinant Erythropoietin - Recombinant Fas Ligand - Recombinant Fractalkine @@ -3837,9 +4308,12 @@ properties: - Recombinant Human EGF-rP64K/Montanide ISA 51 Vaccine - Recombinant Human Endostatin - Recombinant Human Hsp110-gp100 Chaperone Complex Vaccine + - Recombinant Human Papillomavirus 11-valent Vaccine - Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Bivalent Vaccine - Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Nonavalent Vaccine - Recombinant Human Plasminogen Kringle 5 Domain ABT 828 + - Recombinant Human TRAIL-Trimer Fusion Protein SCB-313 + - Recombinant Humanized Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MBS301 - Recombinant Interferon - Recombinant Interferon Alfa - Recombinant Interferon Alfa-1b @@ -3873,9 +4347,9 @@ properties: - Recombinant Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha - Recombinant Tyrosinase-Related Protein-2 - Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-expressing Human Interferon Beta and Sodium-Iodide Symporter + - Redaporfin - Refametinib - Regorafenib - - Regorafenib (Stivarga) - Relacorilant - Relatlimab - Relugolix @@ -3891,16 +4365,20 @@ properties: - Resveratrol Formulation SRT501 - RET Inhibitor DS-5010 - RET Mutation/Fusion Inhibitor BLU-667 + - RET/SRC Inhibitor TPX-0046 - Retaspimycin - Retaspimycin Hydrochloride - Retelliptine + - Retifanlimab - Retinoic Acid Agent Ro 16-9100 - Retinoid 9cUAB30 - Retinol - Retinyl Acetate - Retinyl Palmitate - Retrovector Encoding Mutant Anti-Cyclin G1 + - Revdofilimab - Rexinoid NRX 194204 + - Rezivertinib - RFT5-dgA Immunotoxin IMTOX25 - Rhenium Re 188 BMEDA-labeled Liposomes - Rhenium Re-186 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate @@ -3923,6 +4401,7 @@ properties: - Rilimogene Glafolivec - Rilotumumab - Rindopepimut + - Ripertamab - RIPK1 Inhibitor GSK3145095 - Ripretinib - Risperidone Formulation in Rumenic Acid @@ -3935,36 +4414,49 @@ properties: - Rivoceranib Mesylate - RNR Inhibitor COH29 - Robatumumab + - Roblitinib + - ROBO1-targeted BiCAR-NKT Cells + - Rocakinogene Sifuplasmid - Rocapuldencel-T - Rociletinib - Rodorubicin + - Roducitabine - Rofecoxib - Roflumilast - Rogaratinib - Rogletimide + - Rolinsatamab Talirine - Romidepsin + - Roneparstat - Roniciclib + - Ropeginterferon Alfa-2B - Ropidoxuridine + - Ropocamptide - Roquinimex - RORgamma Agonist LYC-55716 - Rosabulin - Rose Bengal Solution PV-10 - Rosiglitazone Maleate - Rosmantuzumab + - Rosopatamab - Rosuvastatin - Rovalpituzumab Tesirine + - RSK1-4 Inhibitor PMD-026 - Rubitecan - Rucaparib - Rucaparib Camsylate - Rucaparib Phosphate - Ruthenium Ru-106 + - Ruthenium-based Small Molecule Therapeutic BOLD-100 - Ruthenium-based Transferrin Targeting Agent NKP-1339 - Ruxolitinib - Ruxolitinib Phosphate + - Ruxotemitide - S-Adenosylmethionine - S-equol - S1P Receptor Agonist KRP203 - Sabarubicin + - Sabatolimab - Sacituzumab Govitecan - Sacubitril/Valsartan - Safingol @@ -3975,6 +4467,8 @@ properties: - Samalizumab - Samarium Sm 153-DOTMP - Samotolisib + - Samrotamab Vedotin + - Samuraciclib - Sapacitabine - Sapanisertib - Sapitinib @@ -3983,10 +4477,12 @@ properties: - SarCNU - Sardomozide - Sargramostim + - Sasanlimab - Satraplatin - Savolitinib - SBIL-2 - Scopoletin + - SDF-1 Receptor Antagonist PTX-9908 - Seclidemstat - Sedoxantrone Trihydrochloride - Selatinib Ditosilate @@ -3995,6 +4491,8 @@ properties: - Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9496 - Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9833 - Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LSZ102 + - Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LX-039 + - Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LY3484356 - Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader SRN-927 - Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator CC-8490 - Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator TAS-108 @@ -4015,26 +4513,31 @@ properties: - Seocalcitol - Sepantronium Bromide - Serabelisib + - Serclutamab Talirine - SERD D-0502 - SERD G1T48 - SERD GDC-9545 - SERD SAR439859 - SERD SHR9549 + - SERD ZN-c5 - Serdemetan - Sergiolide - Seribantumab - Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor CBP501 - Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor XL418 + - Serplulimab - Sevacizumab - Seviteronel - Shared Anti-Idiotype-AB-S006 - Shared Anti-Idiotype-AB-S024A - Shark Cartilage - Shark Cartilage Extract AE-941 + - Shenqi Fuzheng Injection SQ001 - Sho-Saiko-To - Short Chain Fatty Acid HQK-1004 - SHP-1 Agonist SC-43 - SHP2 Inhibitor JAB-3068 + - SHP2 Inhibitor RLY-1971 - SHP2 Inhibitor RMC-4630 - SHP2 Inhibitor TNO155 - Shu Yu Wan Formula @@ -4049,14 +4552,20 @@ properties: - Siltuximab - Simalikalactone D - Simeprevir + - Simlukafusp Alfa + - Simmitinib - Simotaxel - Simtuzumab + - Simurosertib - Sintilimab - Siplizumab - Sipuleucel-T + - Siremadlin - siRNA-transfected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells APN401 - Sirolimus + - SIRPa-4-1BBL Fusion Protein DSP107 - SIRPa-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-621 + - SIRPa-Fc-CD40L Fusion Protein SL-172154 - SIRPa-IgG4-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-622 - Sitimagene Ceradenovec - Sitravatinib @@ -4092,14 +4601,15 @@ properties: - Sonidegib - Sonolisib - Sorafenib - - Sorafenib (BAY 43-9006; Nexavar) - - Sorafenib (Nexavar) - Sorafenib Tosylate - Sorghum bicolor Supplement + - Sotigalimab + - Sotorasib - Sotrastaurin - Sotrastaurin Acetate - Soy Isoflavones - Soy Protein Isolate + - Spanlecortemlocel - Sparfosate Sodium - Sparfosic Acid - Spartalizumab @@ -4119,6 +4629,7 @@ properties: - Src Kinase Inhibitor M475271 - Src/Abl Kinase Inhibitor AZD0424 - Src/tubulin Inhibitor KX02 + - SRPK1/ABCG2 Inhibitor SCO-101 - ssRNA-based Immunomodulator CV8102 - SSTR2-targeting Protein/DM1 Conjugate PEN-221 - St. John's Wort @@ -4132,13 +4643,19 @@ properties: - STAT3 Inhibitor TTI-101 - STAT3 Inhibitor WP1066 - Staurosporine - - STI571 (imatinib, Gleevec) + - STING Agonist BMS-986301 + - STING Agonist GSK3745417 + - STING Agonist IMSA101 - STING Agonist MK-1454 + - STING Agonist SB 11285 + - STING Agonist TAK-676 - STING-activating Cyclic Dinucleotide Agonist MIW815 + - STING-expressing E. coli SYNB1891 - Streptonigrin - Streptozocin - Strontium Chloride Sr-89 - Submicron Particle Paclitaxel Sterile Suspension + - Sugemalimab - Sulfatinib - Sulforaphane - Sulindac @@ -4146,9 +4663,9 @@ properties: - Sumoylation Inhibitor TAK-981 - Sunitinib - Sunitinib Malate - - Sunitinib malate (SU011248 L-malate; Sutent) - Super Enhancer Inhibitor GZ17-6.02 - Superagonist Interleukin-15:Interleukin-15 Receptor alphaSu/Fc Fusion Complex ALT-803 + - Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic GC4711 - Suramin - Suramin Sodium - Survivin Antigen @@ -4170,10 +4687,12 @@ properties: - Synthetic Long E6 Peptide-Toll-like Receptor Ligand Conjugate Vaccine ISA201 - Synthetic Long E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine HPV-01 - Synthetic Long HPV16 E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine ISA101b + - Synthetic Plumbagin PCUR-101 - T900607 - Tabalumab - Tabelecleucel - Tacedinaline + - Tafasitamab - Tagraxofusp-erzs - Talabostat - Talabostat Mesylate @@ -4183,6 +4702,7 @@ properties: - Talampanel - Talaporfin Sodium - Talazoparib + - Taletrectinib - Talimogene Laherparepvec - Tallimustine - Talmapimod @@ -4193,15 +4713,18 @@ properties: - Tamibarotene - Taminadenant - Tamoxifen - - Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) - Tamoxifen Citrate + - Tamrintamab Pamozirine - Tandutinib - Tanespimycin - Tanibirumab + - Tankyrase Inhibitor STP1002 - Tanomastat + - Tapotoclax - Tarenflurbil - Tarextumab - Tariquidar + - Tasadenoturev - Taselisib - Tasidotin - Tasisulam @@ -4215,11 +4738,13 @@ properties: - Tavolimab - Taxane Analogue TPI 287 - Taxane Compound - - Taxol (Old NSC) - Taxol Analogue SID 530 - Tazarotene - Tazemetostat + - Tebentafusp + - Teclistamab - Tecogalan Sodium + - Tefinostat - Tegafur - Tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil Potassium - Tegafur-Gimeracil-Oteracil Potassium-Leucovorin Calcium Oral Formulation @@ -4227,9 +4752,12 @@ properties: - Tegavivint - Teglarinad - Teglarinad Chloride + - Telaglenastat + - Telaglenastat Hydrochloride - Telapristone - Telapristone Acetate - Telatinib Mesylate + - Telisotuzumab - Telisotuzumab Vedotin - Telomerase Inhibitor FJ5002 - Telomerase-specific Type 5 Adenovirus OBP-301 @@ -4240,10 +4768,10 @@ properties: - Temoporfin - Temozolomide - Temsirolimus - - Temsirolimus (CCI-779) - Tenalisib - Tenifatecan - Teniposide + - Tepoditamab - Tepotinib - Teprotumumab - Terameprocol @@ -4264,6 +4792,9 @@ properties: - Tezacitabine - Tezacitabine Anhydrous - TGF-beta Receptor 1 Inhibitor PF-06952229 + - TGF-beta Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitor SH3051 + - TGF-beta Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitor YL-13027 + - TGFa-PE38 Immunotoxin - TGFa-PE38 Immunotoxin - TGFbeta Inhibitor LY3200882 - TGFbeta Receptor Ectodomain-IgG Fc Fusion Protein AVID200 @@ -4273,6 +4804,7 @@ properties: - Theramide - Therapeutic Angiotensin-(1-7) - Therapeutic Breast/Ovarian/Prostate Peptide Cancer Vaccine DPX-0907 + - Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine ATP128 - Therapeutic Estradiol - Therapeutic Hydrocortisone - Therapeutic Liver Cancer Peptide Vaccine IMA970A @@ -4286,7 +4818,11 @@ properties: - Thioureidobutyronitrile - THL-P - Thorium Th 227 Anetumab + - Thorium Th 227 Anetumab Corixetan + - Thorium Th 227 Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2701439 + - Thorium Th 227 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody BAY 2315497 - Threonine Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CFI-402257 + - Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor CX1106 - Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor DFP-11207 - Thymopentin - Thyroid Extract @@ -4294,13 +4830,16 @@ properties: - Tidutamab - Tigapotide - Tigatuzumab + - TIGIT Inhibitor M6223 - TIGIT-targeting Agent MK-7684 - Tilarginine + - Tilogotamab - Tilsotolimod Sodium - Timonacic - Tin Ethyl Etiopurpurin - Tinostamustine - Tinzaparin Sodium + - Tiomolibdate Choline - Tiomolibdate Diammonium - Tipapkinogene Sovacivec - Tipifarnib @@ -4309,6 +4848,7 @@ properties: - Tirabrutinib - Tiragolumab - Tirapazamine + - Tirbanibulin - Tisagenlecleucel - Tislelizumab - Tisotumab Vedotin @@ -4320,13 +4860,17 @@ properties: - TLR Agonist CADI-05 - TLR-Directed Cationic Lipid-DNA Complex JVRS-100 - TLR7 Agonist 852A + - TLR7 agonist BNT411 + - TLR7 Agonist LHC165 - TLR7/8/9 Antagonist IMO-8400 - TLR8 Agonist DN1508052 - TLR9 Agonist AST-008 + - TM4SF1-CAR/EpCAM-CAR-expressing Autologous T Cells - Tocilizumab - Tocladesine - Tocotrienol - Tocotrienol-rich Fraction + - Tolebrutinib - Toll-like Receptor 7 Agonist DSP-0509 - Tolnidamine - Tomaralimab @@ -4349,6 +4893,7 @@ properties: - Topotecan - Topotecan Hydrochloride - Topotecan Hydrochloride Liposomes + - Topotecan Sustained-release Episcleral Plaque - Topsalysin - TORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor DS-3078a - Toremifene @@ -4371,13 +4916,16 @@ properties: - Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Anti-RRM2 siRNA CALAA-01 - Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Liposomal p53 cDNA - Transferrin-CRM107 + - Transferrin-CRM107 - Tranylcypromine Sulfate - Trapoxin - Trastuzumab - - Trastuzumab (Herceptin) - Trastuzumab Conjugate BI-CON-02 + - Trastuzumab Deruxtecan - Trastuzumab Duocarmazine - Trastuzumab Emtansine + - Trastuzumab Monomethyl Auristatin F + - Trastuzumab-TLR 7/8 Agonist BDC-1001 - Trastuzumab/Hyaluronidase-oysk - Trastuzumab/Tesirine Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-502 - Trebananib @@ -4411,13 +4959,16 @@ properties: - Triptolide Analog - Triptorelin - Triptorelin Pamoate + - Tris-acryl Gelatin Microspheres - Tritylcysteine - TRK Inhibitor AZD6918 + - TRK Inhibitor TQB3558 - TrkA Inhibitor VMD-928 - Trodusquemine - Trofosfamide - Troglitazone - Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase Inhibitor AZD7451 + - Troriluzole - Troxacitabine - Troxacitabine Nucleotide Prodrug MIV-818 - TRPM8 Agonist D-3263 @@ -4442,6 +4993,7 @@ properties: - Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor - Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor OSI-930 - Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SU5402 + - Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TL-895 - Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL228 - UAE Inhibitor TAK-243 - Ubenimex @@ -4453,14 +5005,18 @@ properties: - Umbralisib - Uncaria tomentosa Extract - Upamostat + - Upifitamab - Uproleselan - Uprosertib + - Urabrelimab - Uracil Ointment - Urelumab - Uroacitides - Urokinase-Derived Peptide A6 + - Ursolic Acid - USP14/UCHL5 Inhibitor VLX1570 - Utomilumab + - Uzansertib - V930 Vaccine - Vaccine-Sensitized Draining Lymph Node Cells - Vaccinium myrtillus/Macleaya cordata/Echinacea angustifolia Extract Granules @@ -4468,6 +5024,8 @@ properties: - Vadacabtagene Leraleucel - Vadastuximab Talirine - Vadimezan + - Valecobulin + - Valemetostat - Valproic Acid - Valrubicin - Valspodar @@ -4504,24 +5062,20 @@ properties: - Verpasep Caltespen - Verubulin - Verubulin Hydrochloride + - Vesencumab - Vesigenurtucel-L - VGEF Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 220 - VGEFR/c-kit/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL820 - Viagenpumatucel-L + - Vibecotamab + - Vibostolimab - Vilaprisan - Vinblastine - Vinblastine Sulfate - - Vincristin; Dactinomycin; Cyclophosphamide (VAC) - Vincristine - Vincristine Liposomal - Vincristine Sulfate - Vincristine Sulfate Liposome - - Vincristine, actinomycin-D, cyclophosphamide (VAC); Vincristine, irinotecan, - temozolomide (VIT); Etoposide; Ifosfamide - - Vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, etoposide (VDC/IE) - - Vincristine; actinomycin-D; cyclophosphamide; vincristine; irinotecan (VAC/VI) - - Vincristine; doxorubicin; cyclophosphamide; ifosfamide; etoposide (VDC/IE) - - Vincristine; irinotecan; temozolomide (VIT) - Vindesine - Vinepidine - Vinflunine @@ -4547,12 +5101,17 @@ properties: - Volociximab - Vonlerolizumab - Vopratelimab + - Vorasidenib - Vorinostat - Vorolanib - Vorsetzumab Mafodotin - Vosaroxin + - Vosilasarm - Voxtalisib + - Vulinacimab - Warfarin Sodium + - Wee1 Inhibitor ZN-c3 + - Wee1 Kinase Inhibitor Debio 0123 - White Carrot - Wnt Signaling Inhibitor SM04755 - Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitor SM08502 @@ -4567,10 +5126,12 @@ properties: - XBP1-US/XBP1-SP/CD138/CS1 Multipeptide Vaccine PVX-410 - Xeloda - Xentuzumab + - Xevinapant - Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction - XIAP Antisense Oligonucleotide AEG35156 - XIAP/cIAP1 Antagonist ASTX660 - - XL184 (Cabozantinib s-malate) + - Xiliertinib + - Xisomab 3G3 - XPO1 Inhibitor SL-801 - Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody CC49 - Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody HMFG1 @@ -4595,6 +5156,7 @@ properties: - Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody Hu3S193 - Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody MN-14 - Yttrium Y 90 Resin Microspheres + - Yttrium Y 90 Tabituximab Barzuxetan - Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-Biotin - Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-di-HSG Peptide IMP-288 - Yttrium Y 90-Edotreotide @@ -4608,9 +5170,12 @@ properties: - Zalcitabine - Zalifrelimab - Zalutumumab + - Zandelisib + - Zanidatamab - Zanolimumab - Zanubrutinib - Zebularine + - Zelavespib - Zibotentan - Zinc Finger Nuclease ZFN-603 - Zinc Finger Nuclease ZFN-758 @@ -4620,112 +5185,1882 @@ properties: - Ziv-Aflibercept - Zolbetuximab - Zoledronic Acid - - Zoledronic acid (zolendronate, Zometa) - Zoptarelin Doxorubicin + - Zorifertinib - Zorubicin - Zorubicin Hydrochloride + - Zotatifin + - Zotiraciclib Citrate - Zuclomiphene Citrate - Unknown - Not Reported - deprecated_enum: - - 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) - - 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) ; Leucovorin ; Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin) - - 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) with the vitamin-like drug leucovorin (also called folinic - acid) or levo-leucovorin - - 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), Leucovorin, Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin) - - Abraxane/Avastin - - AC>paclitaxel - - Afatinib (BIBW 2992) - - Anastrozole (Arimidex) - - Avastin/Xeloda - - AZD2171 (cediranib) - - BCNU - - Belinostat (PXD-101) - - Bevacizumab (Avastin) - - Bevacizumab (rhuMAb VEGF) - - Bicalutamide (Casodex) - - BMS-936558 (Nivolumab, MDX-1106) - - Cabazitaxel (Jevtana) - - Capecitabine (Xeloda) - - Carboplatin, etoposide, dexamethason - - Carboplatin, paclitaxel, nivolumab - - Carboplatin, paclitaxel, vinorelbine, nivolumab - - Carboplatin,Cyclophosphamide,Doxorubicin (Adriamycin),Etoposide (VP-16) - - Carboplatin/Abraxane - - Carmustine (BCNU) - - Cetuximab (Erbitux) - - Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil - - Cisplatin, etoposide - - Cisplatin, etoposide, carboplatin, taxol, nivolumab); surgery - - Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) - - Cyclophosphamide,Vincristine; irinotecan; temozolomide (VIT) - - DA-EPOCH-R - - DD4A | chemotherapy vincristine, actinomycin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, - and etoposide - - Docetaxel (Taxotere) - - Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) - - Doxorubicin (Adriamycin),Etoposide (VP-16),Vincristine,Vincristine; actinomycin-D; - cyclophosphamide (VAC) - - Doxorubicin, liposome encapsulated (Liposome Company) - - E7389 (Eribulin; Halichondrin B Analog) - - EMD 121974 (Cilengitide) - - Epirubicin (Ellence) - - Estradiol mustard - - Etoposide (VP-16) - - Everolimus (RAD-001) - - Exemestane (Aromasin) - - 'FOLFIRI: 5-FU, Irinotecan, Leucovorin' - - Folfirinox/ mFolfirinox - - FOLFOX - - Fulvestrant (Faslodex) - - GDC-0449 (Vismodegib) - - Gemcitabine (Gemzar) - - Gemcitabine abraxane (nab-paclitaxel) - - High-dose methotrexate; doxorubicin; cisplatin (MAP) - - Ipilimumab (BMS-734016; MDX-010 Transfectoma-derived) - - Irinotecan (CPT-11, Camptosar) - - Ixabepilone (BMS 247550, Ixempra) - - Letrozole (Femara) - - Liposomal doxorubicin - - Liposomal Doxorubicin (Doxil) - - MDV3100 (Enzalutamide) - - Megestrol acetate (Megace) - - Methoxyamine hydrochloride (TRC102) - - MK-2206 - - None - - OSI-774 (erlotinib; Tarceva) - - Other - - OXALIplatin (Eloxatin) - - Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin) and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) - - Paclitaxel (Taxol) - - Paclitaxel protein-bound particles (albumin-bound) - - PD-0332991 - - Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) - - Pemetrexed (Alimta; LY231514) - - PF-03084014 - - PS-341 (bortezomib; Velcade) - - R-CHOP - - Ramucirumab (Cyramza) - - Ramucirumab (IMC-1121B) - - Regorafenib (Stivarga) - - Sorafenib (BAY 43-9006; Nexavar) - - Sorafenib (Nexavar) - - STI571 (imatinib, Gleevec) - - Sunitinib malate (SU011248 L-malate; Sutent) - - Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) - - Taxol (Old NSC) - - Temsirolimus (CCI-779) - - Trastuzumab (Herceptin) - - Vincristin; Dactinomycin; Cyclophosphamide (VAC) - - Vincristine, actinomycin-D, cyclophosphamide (VAC); Vincristine, irinotecan, - temozolomide (VIT); Etoposide; Ifosfamide - - Vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, etoposide (VDC/IE) - - Vincristine; actinomycin-D; cyclophosphamide; vincristine; irinotecan (VAC/VI) - - Vincristine; doxorubicin; cyclophosphamide; ifosfamide; etoposide (VDC/IE) - - Vincristine; irinotecan; temozolomide (VIT) - - XL184 (Cabozantinib s-malate) - - Zoledronic acid (zolendronate, Zometa) enumDef: + 3'-dA Phosphoramidate NUC-7738: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/3da_phosphoramidate_nuc7738/common" + A2A Receptor Antagonist EOS100850: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/a2a_receptor_antagonist_eos100850/common" + Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist CS3005: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/adenosine_a2a_receptor_antagonist_cs3005/common" + Adenovirus 5/F35-Human Guanylyl Cyclase C-PADRE: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/adenovirus_5f35human_guanylyl_cyclase_cpadre/common" + Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV16 Vaccine JNJ-63682918: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/adenovirus_serotype_26expressing_hpv16_vaccine_jnj63682918/common" + Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV18 Vaccine JNJ-63682931: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/adenovirus_serotype_26expressing_hpv18_vaccine_jnj63682931/common" + ALK Inhibitor TAE684: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/alk_inhibitor_tae684/common" + ALK/ROS1/Met Inhibitor TQ-B3101: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/alkros1met_inhibitor_tqb3101/common" + Allogeneic Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells ALLO-715: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_antibcma_cartransduced_tcells_allo715/common" + Allogeneic Anti-BCMA-CAR T-cells PBCAR269A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_antibcmacar_tcells_pbcar269a/common" + Allogeneic Anti-BCMA/CS1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_antibcmacs1_bispecific_cart_cells/common" + Allogeneic Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells ALLO-501A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_anticd19_car_tcells_allo501a/common" + Allogeneic Anti-CD19 Universal CAR-T Cells CTA101: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_anticd19_universal_cart_cells_cta101/common" + Allogeneic Anti-CD20 CAR T-cells LUCAR-20S: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_anticd20_car_tcells_lucar20s/common" + Allogeneic Anti-CD20-CAR T-cells PBCAR20A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_anticd20car_tcells_pbcar20a/common" + Allogeneic CD22-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCART22: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_cd22specific_universal_carexpressing_tlymphocytes_ucart22/common" + Allogeneic CD56-positive CD3-negative Natural Killer Cells CYNK-001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_cd56positive_cd3negative_natural_killer_cells_cynk001/common" + Allogeneic CD8+ Leukemia-associated Antigens Specific T Cells NEXI-001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_cd8_leukemiaassociated_antigens_specific_t_cells_nexi001/common" + Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-BCMA T Cells CTX120: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_crisprcas9_engineered_antibcma_t_cells_ctx120/common" + Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-CD70 CAR-T Cells CTX130: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_crisprcas9_engineered_anticd70_cart_cells_ctx130/common" + Allogeneic CS1-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCARTCS1A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_cs1specific_universal_carexpressing_tlymphocytes_ucartcs1a/common" + Allogeneic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Expressing Lung Tumor Antigens PDC*lung01: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_plasmacytoid_dendritic_cells_expressing_lung_tumor_antigens_pdclung01/common" + Allogeneic Third-party Suicide Gene-transduced Anti-HLA-DPB1*0401 CD4+ T-cells CTL 19: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allogeneic_thirdparty_suicide_genetransduced_antihladpb10401_cd4_tcells_ctl_19/common" + Allosteric ErbB Inhibitor BDTX-189: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/allosteric_erbb_inhibitor_bdtx189/common" + Alobresib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/alobresib/common" + Alofanib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/alofanib/common" + Alpha V Beta 8 Antagonist PF-06940434: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/alpha_v_beta_8_antagonist_pf06940434/common" + Alsevalimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/alsevalimab/common" + Amivantamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/amivantamab/common" + Andecaliximab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/andecaliximab/common" + Androgen Receptor Degrader CC-94676: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/androgen_receptor_degrader_cc94676/common" + Androgen Receptor Inhibitor EPI-7386: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/androgen_receptor_inhibitor_epi7386/common" + Androgen Receptor/Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist CB-03-10: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/androgen_receptorglucocorticoid_receptor__antagonist_cb0310/common" + Anhydrous Enol-oxaloacetate: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anhydrous_enoloxaloacetate/common" + Anti-5T4 Antibody-drug Conjugate ASN004: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anti5t4_antibodydrug_conjugate_asn004/common" + Anti-5T4 Antibody-drug Conjugate SYD1875: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anti5t4_antibodydrug_conjugate_syd1875/common" + Anti-B7-H3/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-7300a: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antib7h3dxd_antibodydrug_conjugate_ds7300a/common" + Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate CC-99712: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antibcma_antibodydrug_conjugate_cc99712/common" + Anti-BCMA SparX Protein Plus BCMA-directed Anti-TAAG ARC T-cells CART-ddBCMA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antibcma_sparx_protein_plus_bcmadirected_antitaag_arc_tcells_cartddbcma/common" + Anti-BCMA/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN5459: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antibcmaanticd3_bispecific_antibody_regn5459/common" + Anti-BTLA Monoclonal Antibody TAB004: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antibtla_monoclonal_antibody_tab004/common" + Anti-BTN3A Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ICT01: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antibtn3a_agonistic_monoclonal_antibody_ict01/common" + Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody HLX55: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticmet_monoclonal_antibody_hlx55/common" + Anti-CCR7 Antibody-drug Conjugate JBH492: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticcr7_antibodydrug_conjugate_jbh492/common" + Anti-CD117 Monoclonal Antibody JSP191: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd117_monoclonal_antibody_jsp191/common" + Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody AGEN2373: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd137_agonistic_monoclonal_antibody_agen2373/common" + Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ATOR-1017: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd137_agonistic_monoclonal_antibody_ator1017/common" + Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody LVGN6051: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd137_agonistic_monoclonal_antibody_lvgn6051/common" + Anti-CD19 Antibody-T-cell Receptor-expressing T-cells ET019003: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd19_antibodytcell_receptorexpressing_tcells_et019003/common" + Anti-CD19 iCAR NK Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd19_icar_nk_cells/common" + Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR NK Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd19cd22_car_nk_cells/common" + Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody BAT4306F: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd20_monoclonal_antibody_bat4306f/common" + Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody MIL62: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd20_monoclonal_antibody_mil62/common" + Anti-CD205 Antibody-drug Conjugate OBT076: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd205_antibodydrug_conjugate_obt076/common" + Anti-CD228/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD228A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd228mmae_antibodydrug_conjugate_sgncd228a/common" + Anti-CD25 Monoclonal Antibody RO7296682: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd25_monoclonal_antibody_ro7296682/common" + Anti-CD27 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody MK-5890: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd27_agonistic_monoclonal_antibody_mk5890/common" + Anti-CD3/Anti-5T4 Bispecific Antibody GEN1044: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd3anti5t4_bispecific_antibody_gen1044/common" + Anti-CD3/Anti-GUCY2C Bispecific Antibody PF-07062119: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd3antigucy2c_bispecific_antibody_pf07062119/common" + Anti-CD3/CD7-Ricin Toxin A Immunotoxin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd3cd7ricin_toxin_a_immunotoxin/common" + Anti-CD30/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate F0002: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd30dm1_antibodydrug_conjugate_f0002/common" + Anti-CD37 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GEN3009: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd37_bispecific_monoclonal_antibody_gen3009/common" + Anti-CD38 Antibody-drug Conjugate STI-6129: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd38_antibodydrug_conjugate_sti6129/common" + Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody SAR442085: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd38_monoclonal_antibody_sar442085/common" + Anti-CD38/CD28xCD3 Tri-specific Monoclonal Antibody SAR442257: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd38cd28xcd3_trispecific_monoclonal_antibody_sar442257/common" + Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody SRF617: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd39_monoclonal_antibody_srf617/common" + Anti-CD40/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Agonist Monoclonal Antibody GEN1042: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd40anti41bb_bispecific_agonist_monoclonal_antibody_gen1042/common" + Anti-CD47 ADC SGN-CD47M: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd47_adc_sgncd47m/common" + Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-002: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd47_monoclonal_antibody_imc002/common" + Anti-CD47/CD19 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TG-1801: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticd47cd19_bispecific_monoclonal_antibody_tg1801/common" + Anti-claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody AB011: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticlaudin182_monoclonal_antibody_ab011/common" + Anti-Claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody TST001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/anticlaudin182_monoclonal_antibody_tst001/common" + Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ADG116: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antictla4_monoclonal_antibody_adg116/common" + Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody HBM4003: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antictla4_monoclonal_antibody_hbm4003/common" + Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ONC-392: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antictla4_monoclonal_antibody_onc392/common" + Anti-CTLA-4 Probody BMS-986288: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antictla4_probody_bms986288/common" + Anti-CTLA-4/Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Combination BCD-217: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antictla4antipd1_monoclonal_antibody_combination_bcd217/common" + Anti-CTLA4 Antibody Fc Fusion Protein KN044: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antictla4_antibody_fc_fusion_protein_kn044/common" + Anti-EGFR/CD16A Bispecific Antibody AFM24: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiegfrcd16a_bispecific_antibody_afm24/common" + Anti-FRA/Eribulin Antibody-drug Conjugate MORAb-202: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antifraeribulin_antibodydrug_conjugate_morab202/common" + Anti-GARP Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-151: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antigarp_monoclonal_antibody_abbv151/common" + Anti-Globo H/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate OBI 999: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiglobo_hmmae_antibodydrug_conjugate_obi_999/common" + Anti-GPR20/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-6157a: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antigpr20dxd_antibodydrug_conjugate_ds6157a/common" + Anti-gremlin-1 Monoclonal Antibody UCB6114: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antigremlin1_monoclonal_antibody_ucb6114/common" + Anti-HER2 Antibody Conjugated Natural Killer Cells ACE1702: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiher2_antibody_conjugated_natural_killer_cells_ace1702/common" + Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiher2_antibodydrug_conjugate_bat8001/common" + Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate DP303c: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiher2_antibodydrug_conjugate_dp303c/common" + Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody B002: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiher2_monoclonal_antibody_b002/common" + Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody HLX22: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiher2_monoclonal_antibody_hlx22/common" + Anti-HER2-DM1 ADC B003: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiher2dm1_adc_b003/common" + Anti-HER2-DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate GQ1001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiher2dm1_antibodydrug_conjugate_gq1001/common" + Anti-HER2/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate MRG002: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiher2mmae_antibodydrug_conjugate_mrg002/common" + Anti-HLA-G Antibody TTX-080: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antihlag_antibody_ttx080/common" + Anti-IL-8 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986253: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiil8_monoclonal_antibody_bms986253/common" + Anti-integrin Beta-6/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-B6A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiintegrin_beta6mmae_antibodydrug_conjugate_sgnb6a/common" + Anti-IRF4 Antisense Oligonucleotide ION251: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiirf4_antisense_oligonucleotide_ion251/common" + Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody IBI-110: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antilag3_monoclonal_antibody_ibi110/common" + Anti-latent TGF-beta 1 Monoclonal Antibody SRK-181: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antilatent_tgfbeta_1_monoclonal_antibody_srk181/common" + Anti-Lewis B/Lewis Y Monoclonal Antibody GNX102: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antilewis_blewis_y_monoclonal_antibody_gnx102/common" + Anti-LILRB4 Monoclonal Antibody IO-202: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antililrb4_monoclonal_antibody_io202/common" + Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate RC88: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antimesothelinmmae_antibodydrug_conjugate_rc88/common" + Anti-MUC16/CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN4018: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antimuc16cd3_bispecific_antibody_regn4018/common" + Anti-MUC17/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 199: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antimuc17cd3_bite_antibody_amg_199/common" + Anti-NaPi2b Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1592: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antinapi2b_antibodydrug_conjugate_xmt1592/common" + Anti-NRP1 Antibody ASP1948: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antinrp1_antibody_asp1948/common" + Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A445: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiox40_agonist_monoclonal_antibody_bgba445/common" + Anti-OX40 Hexavalent Agonist Antibody INBRX-106: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiox40_hexavalent_agonist_antibody_inbrx106/common" + Anti-PD-1 Antibody-interleukin-21 Mutein Fusion Protein AMG 256: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antipd1_antibodyinterleukin21_mutein_fusion_protein_amg_256/common" + Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody 609A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antipd1_monoclonal_antibody_609a/common" + Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody SCT-I10A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antipd1_monoclonal_antibody_scti10a/common" + Anti-PD-1/Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody IBI315: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antipd1antiher2_bispecific_antibody_ibi315/common" + Anti-PD-1/Anti-LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7247669: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antipd1antilag3_bispecific_antibody_ro7247669/common" + Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody IBI318: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antipd1antipdl1_bispecific_antibody_ibi318/common" + Anti-PD-1/CD47 Infusion Protein HX009: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antipd1cd47_infusion_protein_hx009/common" + Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody MEDI5752: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antipd1ctla4_bispecific_antibody_medi5752/common" + Anti-PD-1/VEGF Bispecific Antibody AK112: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antipd1vegf_bispecific_antibody_ak112/common" + Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antipdl1_monoclonal_antibody_imc001/common" + Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody RC98: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antipdl1_monoclonal_antibody_rc98/common" + Anti-PD-L1/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GEN1046: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antipdl1anti41bb_bispecific_monoclonal_antibody_gen1046/common" + Anti-PD-L1/IL-15 Fusion Protein KD033: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antipdl1il15_fusion_protein_kd033/common" + Anti-PRAME T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-F106C: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiprame_tcell_receptoranticd3_scfv_fusion_protein_imcf106c/common" + Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody CCW702: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antipsmacd3_bispecific_antibody_ccw702/common" + Anti-RANKL Monoclonal Antibody GB-223: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antirankl_monoclonal_antibody_gb223/common" + Anti-RANKL Monoclonal Antibody JMT103: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antirankl_monoclonal_antibody_jmt103/common" + Anti-Ribonucleoprotein Antibody ATRC-101: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiribonucleoprotein_antibody_atrc101/common" + Anti-ROR1/PNU-159682 Derivative Antibody-drug Conjugate NBE-002: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antiror1pnu159682_derivative_antibodydrug_conjugate_nbe002/common" + Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A1217: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antitigit_monoclonal_antibody_bgba1217/common" + Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody COM902: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antitigit_monoclonal_antibody_com902/common" + Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody SGN-TGT: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antitigit_monoclonal_antibody_sgntgt/common" + Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1702: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antitim3_monoclonal_antibody_shr1702/common" + Anti-TRAILR2/CDH17 Tetravalent Bispecific Antibody BI 905711: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antitrailr2cdh17_tetravalent_bispecific_antibody_bi_905711/common" + Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8003: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antitrop2_antibodydrug_conjugate_bat8003/common" + Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate SKB264: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antitrop2_antibodydrug_conjugate_skb264/common" + Anti-VEGFR2 Monoclonal Antibody MSB0254: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antivegfr2_monoclonal_antibody_msb0254/common" + Antisense Oligonucleotide QR-313: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/antisense_oligonucleotide_qr313/common" + Aprinocarsen: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/aprinocarsen/common" + Aprutumab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/aprutumab/common" + Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibitor IK-175: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/aryl_hydrocarbon_receptor_inhibitor_ik175/common" + Aspacytarabine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/aspacytarabine/common" + Asunercept: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/asunercept/common" + ATR Inhibitor RP-3500: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atr_inhibitor_rp3500/common" + ATR Kinase Inhibitor M1774: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atr_kinase_inhibitor_m1774/common" + Attenuated Measles Virus Encoding SCD Transgene TMV-018: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/attenuated_measles_virus_encoding_scd_transgene_tmv018/common" + Atuveciclib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/atuveciclib/common" + Audencel: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/audencel/common" + Autologous AFP Specific T Cell Receptor Transduced T Cells C-TCR055: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_afp_specific_t_cell_receptor_transduced_t_cells_ctcr055/common" + Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR T-cells PHE885: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_antibcma_car_tcells_phe885/common" + Autologous Anti-BCMA CD8+ CAR T-cells Descartes-11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_antibcma_cd8_car_tcells_descartes11/common" + Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells C-CAR088: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_antibcmacar41bbcd3zetaexpressing_tcells_ccar088/common" + Autologous Anti-CD123 CAR-T Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_anticd123_cart_cells/common" + Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells 19(T2)28z1xx: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_anticd19_car_tcells_19t228z1xx/common" + Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CNCT19: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_anticd19_car41bbcd3zetaexpressing_tcells_cnct19/common" + Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells AUTO1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_anticd19_chimeric_antigen_receptor_tcells_auto1/common" + Autologous Anti-CD19 TAC-T cells TAC01-CD19: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_anticd19_tact_cells_tac01cd19/common" + Autologous Anti-CD19/CD20 Bispecific Nanobody-based CAR-T cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_anticd19cd20_bispecific_nanobodybased_cart_cells/common" + Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-HER2t/CD22CAR-EGFRt-expressing T-cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_anticd19carher2tcd22caregfrtexpressing_tcells/common" + Autologous Anti-CD20 CAR Transduced CD4/CD8 Enriched T-cells MB-CART20.1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_anticd20_car_transduced_cd4cd8_enriched_tcells_mbcart201/common" + Autologous Anti-EGFR CAR-transduced CXCR 5-modified T-lymphocytes: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_antiegfr_cartransduced_cxcr_5modified_tlymphocytes/common" + Autologous Anti-FLT3 CAR T Cells AMG 553: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_antiflt3_car_t_cells_amg_553/common" + Autologous Anti-ICAM-1-CAR-CD28-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells AIC100: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_antiicam1carcd2841bbcd3zetaexpressing_tcells_aic100/common" + Autologous Anti-kappa Light Chain CAR-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_antikappa_light_chain_carcd28expressing_tlymphocytes/common" + Autologous Anti-PD-1 Antibody-activated Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_antipd1_antibodyactivated_tumorinfiltrating_lymphocytes/common" + Autologous Anti-PSMA CAR-T Cells P-PSMA-101: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_antipsma_cart_cells_ppsma101/common" + Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells CC-98633: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_bcmatargeted_car_t_cells_cc98633/common" + Autologous Bispecific BCMA/CD19-targeted CAR-T Cells GC012F: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_bispecific_bcmacd19targeted_cart_cells_gc012f/common" + Autologous Bispecific CD19/CD22-targeted CAR-T Cells GC022: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_bispecific_cd19cd22targeted_cart_cells_gc022/common" + Autologous CD19 CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-cells MB-CART19.1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_cd19_carexpressing_cd4cd8_tcells_mbcart191/common" + Autologous CD19-targeted CAR T Cells CC-97540: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_cd19targeted_car_t_cells_cc97540/common" + Autologous CD19-targeted CAR-T Cells GC007F: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_cd19targeted_cart_cells_gc007f/common" + Autologous CD19/PD-1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_cd19pd1_bispecific_cart_cells/common" + Autologous Clonal Neoantigen T Cells ATL001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_clonal_neoantigen_t_cells_atl001/common" + Autologous CRISPR-edited Anti-CD19 CAR T Cells XYF19: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_crispredited_anticd19_car_t_cells_xyf19/common" + Autologous Monocyte-derived Lysate-pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine PV-001-DC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_monocytederived_lysatepulsed_dendritic_cell_vaccine_pv001dc/common" + Autologous Multi-lineage Potential Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_multilineage_potential_cells/common" + Autologous Nectin-4/FAP-targeted CAR-T Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_nectin4faptargeted_cart_cells/common" + Autologous NKG2D CAR T-cells CYAD-02: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_nkg2d_car_tcells_cyad02/common" + Autologous Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Lysate and mRNA-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_pancreatic_adenocarcinoma_lysate_and_mrnaloaded_dendritic_cell_vaccine/common" + Autologous Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Ibrutinib-treated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients IOV-2001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_peripheral_blood_lymphocytes_from_ibrutinibtreated_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia_patients_iov2001/common" + Autologous Rapamycin-resistant Th1/Tc1 Cells RAPA-201: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_rapamycinresistant_th1tc1_cells_rapa201/common" + Autologous TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140203: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_tcrmexpressing_tcells_et140203/common" + Autologous Tetravalent Dendritic Cell Vaccine MIDRIX4-LUNG: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_tetravalent_dendritic_cell_vaccine_midrix4lung/common" + Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145-S1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_tumor_infiltrating_lymphocytes_ln145s1/common" + Autologous Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UniCAR02-T: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/autologous_universal_carexpressing_tlymphocytes_unicar02t/common" + Avdoralimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/avdoralimab/common" + Aviscumine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/aviscumine/common" + Axalimogene Filolisbac: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/axalimogene_filolisbac/common" + Axatilimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/axatilimab/common" + AXL Inhibitor SLC-391: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/axl_inhibitor_slc391/common" + AXL/ FLT3/VEGFR2 Inhibitor KC1036: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/axl_flt3vegfr2_inhibitor_kc1036/common" + Axl/Mer Inhibitor PF-07265807: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/axlmer_inhibitor_pf07265807/common" + Azintuxizumab Vedotin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/azintuxizumab_vedotin/common" + Balstilimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/balstilimab/common" + Bazlitoran: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bazlitoran/common" + Bcl-2 Inhibitor BGB-11417: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl2_inhibitor_bgb11417/common" + Bcl-2 Inhibitor LP-108: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcl2_inhibitor_lp108/common" + BCMA-CD19 Compound CAR T Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcmacd19_compound_car_t_cells/common" + BCMA/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN217: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bcmacd3e_trispecific_tcell_activating_construct_hpn217/common" + Belantamab Mafodotin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/belantamab_mafodotin/common" + Belapectin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/belapectin/common" + Belvarafenib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/belvarafenib/common" + Belzutifan: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/belzutifan/common" + Bersanlimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bersanlimab/common" + Berzosertib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/berzosertib/common" + Betaglucin Gel: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/betaglucin_gel/common" + Bexmarilimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bexmarilimab/common" + Bispecific Antibody AGEN1223: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bispecific_antibody_agen1223/common" + Bispecific Antibody AMG 509: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bispecific_antibody_amg_509/common" + Bispecific Antibody GS-1423: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bispecific_antibody_gs1423/common" + BiTE Antibody AMG 910: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bite_antibody_amg_910/common" + Bizalimogene Ralaplasmid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bizalimogene_ralaplasmid/common" + Bomedemstat: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/bomedemstat/common" + BRAF Inhibitor BGB-3245: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/braf_inhibitor_bgb3245/common" + BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor ABM-1310: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/brafv600e_kinase_inhibitor_abm1310/common" + BTK Inhibitor HZ-A-018: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/btk_inhibitor_hza018/common" + c-Met Inhibitor ABN401: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cmet_inhibitor_abn401/common" + c-Met Inhibitor GST-HG161: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cmet_inhibitor_gsthg161/common" + C/EBP Beta Antagonist ST101: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cebp_beta_antagonist_st101/common" + Calcium Release-activated Channel Inhibitor CM4620: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/calcium_releaseactivated_channel_inhibitor_cm4620/common" + Camidanlumab Tesirine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/camidanlumab_tesirine/common" + Carbon C 14-pamiparib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/carbon_c_14pamiparib/common" + Cationic Peptide Cream Cypep-1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cationic_peptide_cream_cypep1/common" + CD11b Agonist GB1275: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd11b_agonist_gb1275/common" + CD123-CD33 Compound CAR T Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd123cd33_compound_car_t_cells/common" + CD123-specific Targeting Module TM123: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd123specific_targeting_module_tm123/common" + CD20-CD19 Compound CAR T Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd20cd19_compound_car_t_cells/common" + CD28/ICOS Antagonist ALPN-101: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd28icos_antagonist_alpn101/common" + CD44v6-specific CAR T-cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd44v6specific_car_tcells/common" + CD73 Inhibitor AB680: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd73_inhibitor_ab680/common" + CD73 Inhibitor LY3475070: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd73_inhibitor_ly3475070/common" + CD80-Fc Fusion Protein ALPN-202: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd80fc_fusion_protein_alpn202/common" + CD80-Fc Fusion Protein FPT155: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cd80fc_fusion_protein_fpt155/common" + CDK2 Inhibitor PF-07104091: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdk2_inhibitor_pf07104091/common" + CDK4/6 Inhibitor CS3002: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdk46_inhibitor_cs3002/common" + CDK4/6 Inhibitor HS-10342: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdk46_inhibitor_hs10342/common" + CDK4/6 Inhibitor TQB3616: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdk46_inhibitor_tqb3616/common" + CDK7 Inhibitor SY-5609: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdk7_inhibitor_sy5609/common" + CDK8/19 Inhibitor SEL 120: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cdk819_inhibitor_sel_120/common" + Cedazuridine/Azacitidine Combination Agent ASTX030: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cedazuridineazacitidine_combination_agent_astx030/common" + Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Agent CC-99282: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cereblon_e3_ubiquitin_ligase_modulating_agent_cc99282/common" + Cetuximab Sarotalocan: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cetuximab_sarotalocan/common" + Cevostamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cevostamab/common" + Chlorotoxin (EQ)-CD28-CD3zeta-CD19t-expressing CAR T-lymphocytes: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/chlorotoxin_eqcd28cd3zetacd19texpressing_car_tlymphocytes/common" + Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ciltacabtagene_autoleucel/common" + Cinrebafusp Alfa: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cinrebafusp_alfa/common" + Cintirorgon: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cintirorgon/common" + CK1alpha/CDK7/CDK9 Inhibitor BTX-A51: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ck1alphacdk7cdk9_inhibitor_btxa51/common" + Cobolimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cobolimab/common" + Cofetuzumab Pelidotin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cofetuzumab_pelidotin/common" + Coltuximab Ravtansine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/coltuximab_ravtansine/common" + Commensal Bacterial Strain Formulation VE800: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/commensal_bacterial_strain_formulation_ve800/common" + Copper Cu 67 Tyr3-octreotate: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/copper_cu_67_tyr3octreotate/common" + Cord Blood Derived CAR T-Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cord_blood_derived_car_tcells/common" + Cosibelimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cosibelimab/common" + Coxsackievirus V937: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/coxsackievirus_v937/common" + CSF1R Inhibitor ABSK021: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/csf1r_inhibitor_absk021/common" + CXCR4/E-selectin Antagonist GMI-1359: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cxcr4eselectin_antagonist_gmi1359/common" + CYP11A1 Inhibitor ODM-209: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cyp11a1_inhibitor_odm209/common" + CYP17/CYP11B2 Inhibitor LAE001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/cyp17cyp11b2_inhibitor_lae001/common" + Daratumumab and Hyaluronidase-fihj: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/daratumumab_and_hyaluronidasefihj/common" + Decitabine and Cedazuridine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/decitabine_and_cedazuridine/common" + Delolimogene Mupadenorepvec: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/delolimogene_mupadenorepvec/common" + Dendrimer-conjugated Bcl-2/Bcl-XL Inhibitor AZD0466: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dendrimerconjugated_bcl2bclxl_inhibitor_azd0466/common" + Dengue Virus Adjuvant PV-001-DV: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dengue_virus_adjuvant_pv001dv/common" + Dilpacimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dilpacimab/common" + DNA-PK inhibitor AZD7648: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dnapk_inhibitor_azd7648/common" + DNA-PK/PI3K-delta Inhibitor BR101801: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dnapkpi3kdelta_inhibitor_br101801/common" + DNMT1 Inhibitor NTX-301: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dnmt1_inhibitor_ntx301/common" + Dociparstat sodium: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dociparstat_sodium/common" + Dostarlimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dostarlimab/common" + Doxorubicin Prodrug/Prodrug-activating Biomaterial SQ3370: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/doxorubicin_prodrugprodrugactivating_biomaterial_sq3370/common" + DTRMWXHS-12/Everolimus/Pomalidomide Combination Agent DTRM-555: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/dtrmwxhs12everolimuspomalidomide_combination_agent_dtrm555/common" + Edicotinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/edicotinib/common" + Edodekin alfa: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/edodekin_alfa/common" + Eftozanermin Alfa: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/eftozanermin_alfa/common" + EGFR Inhibitor TY-9591: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/egfr_inhibitor_ty9591/common" + EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor TQB3804: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/egfr_mutantselective__inhibitor_tqb3804/common" + EGFR/EGFRvIII Inhibitor WSD0922-FU: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/egfregfrviii_inhibitor_wsd0922fu/common" + EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor DZD9008: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/egfrher2_inhibitor_dzd9008/common" + EGFR/TGFb Fusion Monoclonal Antibody BCA101: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/egfrtgfb_fusion_monoclonal_antibody_bca101/common" + EGFR/VEGFR/RET Inhibitor HA121-28: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/egfrvegfrret_inhibitor_ha12128/common" + Emibetuzumab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/emibetuzumab/common" + Enadenotucirev-expressing FAP/CD3 Bispecific FAP-TAc NG-641: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/enadenotucirevexpressing_fapcd3_bispecific_faptac_ng641/common" + Encapsulated Rapamycin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/encapsulated_rapamycin/common" + Encelimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/encelimab/common" + Endothelin B Receptor Blocker ENB 003: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/endothelin_b_receptor_blocker_enb_003/common" + Engineered Red Blood Cells Co-expressing 4-1BBL and IL-15TP RTX-240: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/engineered_red_blood_cells_coexpressing_41bbl_and_il15tp_rtx240/common" + Engineered Toxin Body Targeting CD38 TAK-169: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/engineered_toxin_body_targeting_cd38_tak169/common" + EP2/EP4 Antagonist TPST-1495: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ep2ep4_antagonist_tpst1495/common" + EP4 Antagonist INV-1120: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ep4_antagonist_inv1120/common" + Epcoritamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/epcoritamab/common" + EphA2-targeting Bicycle Toxin Conjugate BT5528: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/epha2targeting_bicycle_toxin_conjugate_bt5528/common" + ERK1/2 Inhibitor HH2710: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/erk12_inhibitor_hh2710/common" + ERK1/2 Inhibitor JSI-1187: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/erk12_inhibitor_jsi1187/common" + Etigilimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/etigilimab/common" + Exicorilant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/exicorilant/common" + Extended Release Metformin Hydrochloride: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/extended_release_metformin_hydrochloride/common" + Ezabenlimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ezabenlimab/common" + EZH1/2 Inhibitor HH2853: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ezh12_inhibitor_hh2853/common" + EZH2 inhibitor CPI-0209: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ezh2_inhibitor_cpi0209/common" + Fadraciclib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fadraciclib/common" + FAK/ALK/ROS1 Inhibitor APG-2449: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fakalkros1_inhibitor_apg2449/common" + FAP/4-1BB-targeting DARPin MP0310: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fap41bbtargeting_darpin_mp0310/common" + FAP/4-1BB-targeting Fusion Protein RO7122290: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fap41bbtargeting_fusion_protein_ro7122290/common" + Fas Ligand-treated Allogeneic Mobilized Peripheral Blood Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fas_ligandtreated_allogeneic_mobilized_peripheral_blood_cells/common" + Favezelimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/favezelimab/common" + Fc-engineered Anti-CD40 Agonist Antibody 2141-V11: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fcengineered_anticd40_agonist_antibody_2141v11/common" + Feladilimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/feladilimab/common" + Felzartamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/felzartamab/common" + Fenretinide Phospholipid Suspension ST-001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fenretinide_phospholipid_suspension_st001/common" + FGFR Inhibitor CPL304110: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fgfr_inhibitor_cpl304110/common" + FGFR/CSF-1R Inhibitor 3D185: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fgfrcsf1r_inhibitor_3d185/common" + FGFR2 Inhibitor RLY-4008: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fgfr2_inhibitor_rly4008/common" + Fianlimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fianlimab/common" + Fimaporfin A: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fimaporfin_a/common" + Flt3 Ligand/Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody/IL-12 Engineered Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus RIVAL-01: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/flt3_ligandantictla4_antibodyil12_engineered_oncolytic_vaccinia_virus_rival01/common" + FLT3/FGFR Dual Kinase Inhibitor MAX-40279: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/flt3fgfr_dual_kinase_inhibitor_max40279/common" + FLT3/KIT/CSF1R Inhibitor NMS-03592088: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/flt3kitcsf1r_inhibitor_nms03592088/common" + Fluorine F 18 Ara-G: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fluorine_f_18_arag/common" + Foritinib Succinate: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/foritinib_succinate/common" + Fosgemcitabine Palabenamide: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fosgemcitabine_palabenamide/common" + Fosifloxuridine Nafalbenamide: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/fosifloxuridine_nafalbenamide/common" + Futibatinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/futibatinib/common" + G Protein-coupled Estrogen Receptor Agonist LNS8801: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/g_proteincoupled_estrogen_receptor_agonist_lns8801/common" + Gallium-based Bone Resorption Inhibitor AP-002: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/galliumbased_bone_resorption_inhibitor_ap002/common" + GBM Antigens and Alloantigens Immunotherapeutic Vaccine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/gbm_antigens_and_alloantigens_immunotherapeutic_vaccine/common" + Genetically Modified Interleukin-12 Transgene-encoding Bifidobacterium longum: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/genetically_modified_interleukin12_transgeneencoding_bifidobacterium_longum/common" + Giloralimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/giloralimab/common" + Giredestrant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/giredestrant/common" + Glofitamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/glofitamab/common" + Glutaminase Inhibitor IPN60090: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/glutaminase_inhibitor_ipn60090/common" + Glutamine Antagonist DRP-104: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/glutamine_antagonist_drp104/common" + HER2 Inhibitor DZD1516: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/her2_inhibitor_dzd1516/common" + HER2 Tri-specific Natural Killer Cell Engager DF1001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/her2_trispecific_natural_killer_cell_engager_df1001/common" + HER2-directed TLR8 Agonist SBT6050: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/her2directed_tlr8_agonist_sbt6050/common" + HIF2a RNAi ARO-HIF2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hif2a_rnai_arohif2/common" + HPV 16 E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-202: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hpv_16_e6e7encoding_arenavirus_vaccine_hb202/common" + HPV E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-201: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hpv_e6e7encoding_arenavirus_vaccine_hb201/common" + HPV6/11-targeted DNA Plasmid Vaccine INO-3107: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hpv611targeted_dna_plasmid_vaccine_ino3107/common" + Hsp90 Inhibitor TQB3474: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hsp90_inhibitor_tqb3474/common" + Hsp90-targeted Photosensitizer HS-201: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hsp90targeted_photosensitizer_hs201/common" + Hyaluronidase-zzxf/Pertuzumab/Trastuzumab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/hyaluronidasezzxfpertuzumabtrastuzumab/common" + Iadademstat: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/iadademstat/common" + Ianalumab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ianalumab/common" + Idetrexed: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/idetrexed/common" + IDH1 Mutant Inhibitor LY3410738: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/idh1_mutant_inhibitor_ly3410738/common" + IDO/TDO Inhibitor LY-01013: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/idotdo_inhibitor_ly01013/common" + IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor M4112: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ido1tdo2_inhibitor_m4112/common" + Ieramilimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ieramilimab/common" + IL-12sc, IL-15sushi, IFNa and GM-CSF mRNA-based Immunotherapeutic Agent SAR441000: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/il12sc_il15sushi_ifna_and_gmcsf_mrnabased_immunotherapeutic_agent_sar441000/common" + Ilginatinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ilginatinib/common" + Imaradenant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/imaradenant/common" + Imgatuzumab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/imgatuzumab/common" + Imifoplatin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/imifoplatin/common" + Inactivated Oncolytic Virus Particle GEN0101: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/inactivated_oncolytic_virus_particle_gen0101/common" + Indatuximab Ravtansine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/indatuximab_ravtansine/common" + Individualized MVA-based Vaccine TG4050: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/individualized_mvabased_vaccine_tg4050/common" + Indusatumab Vedotin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/indusatumab_vedotin/common" + Inebilizumab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/inebilizumab/common" + iNKT Cell Agonist ABX196: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/inkt_cell_agonist_abx196/common" + Interleukin-12-Fc Fusion Protein DF6002: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/interleukin12fc_fusion_protein_df6002/common" + Interleukin-15 Agonist Fusion Protein SHR1501: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/interleukin15_agonist_fusion_protein_shr1501/common" + Interleukin-15 Fusion Protein BJ-001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/interleukin15_fusion_protein_bj001/common" + Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Complex-Fc Fusion Protein XmAb24306: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/interleukin15interleukin15_receptor_alpha_complexfc_fusion_protein_xmab24306/common" + Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Sushi+ Domain Fusion Protein SO-C101: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/interleukin15interleukin15_receptor_alpha_sushi_domain_fusion_protein_soc101/common" + Iodine I 131 Apamistamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/iodine_i_131_apamistamab/common" + Iodine I 131 IPA: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/iodine_i_131_ipa/common" + iPSC-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing Anti-CD19 CAR-NK Cells FT596: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ipscderived_cd16il15rfexpressing_anticd19_carnk_cells_ft596/common" + Irinotecan Sucrosofate: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/irinotecan_sucrosofate/common" + Iroplact: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/iroplact/common" + Irradiated Allogeneic Human Lung Cancer Cells Expressing OX40L-Ig Vaccine HS-130: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/irradiated_allogeneic_human_lung_cancer_cells_expressing_ox40lig_vaccine_hs130/common" + Istiratumab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/istiratumab/common" + Ivaltinostat: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ivaltinostat/common" + Ivuxolimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ivuxolimab/common" + JAK Inhibitor: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/jak_inhibitor/common" + Kanitinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kanitinib/common" + KRAS G12C Inhibitor GDC-6036: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kras_g12c_inhibitor_gdc6036/common" + KRAS G12C Inhibitor LY3499446: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/kras_g12c_inhibitor_ly3499446/common" + KRASG12C Inhibitor JNJ-74699157: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/krasg12c_inhibitor_jnj74699157/common" + Ladiratuzumab Vedotin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ladiratuzumab_vedotin/common" + LAIR-2 Fusion Protein NC410: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lair2_fusion_protein_nc410/common" + Landogrozumab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/landogrozumab/common" + Laprituximab Emtansine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/laprituximab_emtansine/common" + Larotinib Mesylate: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/larotinib_mesylate/common" + Lerociclib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lerociclib/common" + Letetresgene Autoleucel: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/letetresgene_autoleucel/common" + Letolizumab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/letolizumab/common" + Lifileucel: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lifileucel/common" + Lifirafenib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lifirafenib/common" + Lilotomab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lilotomab/common" + Linperlisib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/linperlisib/common" + Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating Glutathione S-transferase P siRNA NBF-006: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lipid_nanoparticle_encapsulating_glutathione_stransferase_p_sirna_nbf006/common" + Liposomal Bcl-2 Antisense Oligonucleotide BP1002: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/liposomal_bcl2_antisense_oligonucleotide__bp1002/common" + Liposome-encapsulated TAAs mRNA Vaccine W_ova1: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/liposomeencapsulated_taas_mrna_vaccine_w_ova1/common" + LMP2-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lmp2specific_t_cell_receptortransduced_autologous_tlymphocytes/common" + LMP7 Inhibitor M3258: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lmp7_inhibitor_m3258/common" + Lodapolimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lodapolimab/common" + LRP5 Antagonist BI 905681: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lrp5_antagonist_bi_905681/common" + LSD1 Inhibitor SYHA1807: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lsd1_inhibitor_syha1807/common" + Lumretuzumab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lumretuzumab/common" + Lupartumab Amadotin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lupartumab_amadotin/common" + Lutetium Lu 177-DTPA-omburtamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/lutetium_lu_177dtpaomburtamab/common" + Maackia amurensis Seed Lectin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/maackia_amurensis_seed_lectin/common" + Macrocycle-bridged STING Agonist E7766: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/macrocyclebridged_sting_agonist_e7766/common" + MAGE-A1-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/magea1specific_t_cell_receptortransduced_autologous_tcells/common" + Magrolimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/magrolimab/common" + Manelimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/manelimab/common" + MCL-1 Inhibitor ABBV-467: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mcl1_inhibitor_abbv467/common" + MDM2 Inhibitor AMGMDS3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mdm2_inhibitor_amgmds3/common" + MEK 1/2 Inhibitor FCN-159: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mek_12_inhibitor_fcn159/common" + MEK Inhibitor HL-085: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mek_inhibitor_hl085/common" + Menin-MLL Interaction Inhibitor SNDX-5613: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/meninmll_interaction_inhibitor_sndx5613/common" + MET x MET Bispecific Antibody REGN5093: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/met_x_met_bispecific_antibody_regn5093/common" + Metarrestin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/metarrestin/common" + Methylcantharidimide: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/methylcantharidimide/common" + Mevociclib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mevociclib/common" + Mezagitamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mezagitamab/common" + Microbiome GEN-001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/microbiome_gen001/common" + Microbiome-derived Peptide Vaccine EO2401: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/microbiomederived_peptide_vaccine_eo2401/common" + Milataxel: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/milataxel/common" + Miptenalimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/miptenalimab/common" + Miransertib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/miransertib/common" + Mirdametinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mirdametinib/common" + Mirzotamab Clezutoclax: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mirzotamab_clezutoclax/common" + Mitazalimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mitazalimab/common" + Mobocertinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mobocertinib/common" + Modakafusp Alfa: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/modakafusp_alfa/common" + Modified Vaccinia Ankara-vectored HPV16/18 Vaccine JNJ-65195208: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/modified_vaccinia_ankaravectored_hpv1618_vaccine_jnj65195208/common" + Motixafortide: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/motixafortide/common" + MUC-1/WT1 Peptide-primed Autologous Dendritic Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/muc1wt1_peptideprimed_autologous_dendritic_cells/common" + Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine TPIV100: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/multiepitope_her2_peptide_vaccine_tpiv100/common" + Murizatoclax: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/murizatoclax/common" + Muscadine Grape Extract: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/muscadine_grape_extract/common" + MVA-BN Smallpox Vaccine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/mvabn_smallpox_vaccine/common" + N-dihydrogalactochitosan: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ndihydrogalactochitosan/common" + Nagrestipen: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nagrestipen/common" + Naratuximab Emtansine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/naratuximab_emtansine/common" + Navicixizumab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/navicixizumab/common" + Nogapendekin Alfa: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nogapendekin_alfa/common" + Numidargistat: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/numidargistat/common" + Nurulimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/nurulimab/common" + Odronextamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/odronextamab/common" + Ofranergene Obadenovec: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ofranergene_obadenovec/common" + Oligo-fucoidan: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/oligofucoidan/common" + Olinvacimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/olinvacimab/common" + Olvimulogene Nanivacirepvec: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/olvimulogene_nanivacirepvec/common" + Onatasertib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/onatasertib/common" + Oncolytic Adenovirus ORCA-010: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/oncolytic_adenovirus_orca010/common" + Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1 ONCR-177: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/oncolytic_herpes_simplex_virus1_oncr177/common" + Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing IL-12 and Anti-PD-1 Antibody T3011: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/oncolytic_hsv1_expressing_il12_and_antipd1_antibody_t3011/common" + Oncolytic Measles Virus Encoding Helicobacter pylori Neutrophil-activating Protein: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/oncolytic_measles_virus_encoding_helicobacter_pylori_neutrophilactivating_protein/common" + Ontorpacept: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ontorpacept/common" + Onvatilimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/onvatilimab/common" + Opolimogene Capmilisbac: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/opolimogene_capmilisbac/common" + Opucolimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/opucolimab/common" + Orelabrutinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/orelabrutinib/common" + Orvacabtagene Autoleucel: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/orvacabtagene_autoleucel/common" + Oxaliplatin Eluting Beads: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/oxaliplatin_eluting_beads/common" + p97 Inhibitor CB-5339: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/p97_inhibitor_cb5339/common" + p97 Inhibitor CB-5339 Tosylate: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/p97_inhibitor_cb5339_tosylate/common" + Pacmilimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pacmilimab/common" + Pamrevlumab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pamrevlumab/common" + Pan-KRAS Inhibitor BI 1701963: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pankras_inhibitor_bi_1701963/common" + Pan-mutation-selective EGFR Inhibitor CLN-081: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/panmutationselective_egfr_inhibitor_cln081/common" + Pan-TRK Inhibitor NOV1601: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pantrk_inhibitor_nov1601/common" + Panulisib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/panulisib/common" + PARP 1/2 Inhibitor IMP4297: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/parp_12_inhibitor_imp4297/common" + PARP Inhibitor NMS-03305293: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/parp_inhibitor_nms03305293/common" + PARP/Tankyrase Inhibitor 2X-121: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/parptankyrase_inhibitor_2x121/common" + PARP7 Inhibitor RBN-2397: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/parp7_inhibitor_rbn2397/common" + Parsaclisib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/parsaclisib/common" + Parsaclisib Hydrochloride: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/parsaclisib_hydrochloride/common" + Partially Engineered T-regulatory Cell Donor Graft TRGFT-201: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/partially_engineered_tregulatory_cell_donor_graft_trgft201/common" + Patritumab Deruxtecan: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/patritumab_deruxtecan/common" + Paxalisib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/paxalisib/common" + PD-L1 Inhibitor GS-4224: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pdl1_inhibitor_gs4224/common" + PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA Trispecific Fusion Protein NM21-1480: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pdl141bbhsa_trispecific_fusion_protein_nm211480/common" + Pegvorhyaluronidase Alfa: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pegvorhyaluronidase_alfa/common" + Pegylated SN-38 Conjugate PLX038: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pegylated_sn38_conjugate_plx038/common" + Pelabresib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pelabresib/common" + Peposertib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/peposertib/common" + Personalized and Adjusted Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine PANDA-VAC: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/personalized_and_adjusted_neoantigen_peptide_vaccine_pandavac/common" + Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PV01: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/personalized_neoantigen_dna_vaccine_gnospv01/common" + Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PVO2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/personalized_neoantigen_dna_vaccine_gnospvo2/common" + Photodynamic Compound TLD-1433: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/photodynamic_compound_tld1433/common" + Pimitespib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pimitespib/common" + Pimurutamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pimurutamab/common" + Pinatuzumab Vedotin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pinatuzumab_vedotin/common" + Pixatimod: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pixatimod/common" + Plamotamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/plamotamab/common" + Plasmid DNA Vaccine pING-hHER3FL: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/plasmid_dna_vaccine_pinghher3fl/common" + pNGVL4a-CRT-E6E7L2 DNA Vaccine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pngvl4acrte6e7l2_dna_vaccine/common" + pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 DNA and HPV16 L2/E6/E7 Fusion Protein TA-CIN Vaccine PVX-2: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pngvl4asige7detoxhsp70_dna_and_hpv16_l2e6e7_fusion_protein_tacin_vaccine_pvx2/common" + Polymer-conjugated IL-15 Receptor Agonist NKTR-255: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/polymerconjugated_il15_receptor_agonist_nktr255/common" + Porcupine Inhibitor XNW7201: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/porcupine_inhibitor_xnw7201/common" + PPAR Alpha Antagonist TPST-1120: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ppar_alpha_antagonist_tpst1120/common" + Pralsetinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pralsetinib/common" + Praluzatamab Ravtansine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/praluzatamab_ravtansine/common" + PRMT5 Inhibitor PRT811: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prmt5_inhibitor_prt811/common" + Prolgolimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prolgolimab/common" + Prostaglandin E2 EP4 Receptor Inhibitor AN0025: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/prostaglandin_e2_ep4_receptor_inhibitor_an0025/common" + Protein Tyrosine Kinase 2 Inhibitor IN10018: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/protein_tyrosine_kinase_2_inhibitor_in10018/common" + Pyruvate Kinase M2 Isoform Activator TP-1454: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/pyruvate_kinase_m2_isoform_activator_tp1454/common" + Racemetyrosine/Methoxsalen/Phenytoin/Sirolimus SM-88: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/racemetyrosinemethoxsalenphenytoinsirolimus_sm88/common" + Radgocitabine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/radgocitabine/common" + Radgocitabine Hydrochloride: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/radgocitabine_hydrochloride/common" + Ragifilimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ragifilimab/common" + Recombinant Bacterial Minicells VAX014: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/recombinant_bacterial_minicells_vax014/common" + Recombinant Erwinia asparaginase JZP-458: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/recombinant_erwinia_asparaginase_jzp458/common" + Recombinant Human Papillomavirus 11-valent Vaccine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/recombinant_human_papillomavirus_11valent_vaccine/common" + Recombinant Human TRAIL-Trimer Fusion Protein SCB-313: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/recombinant_human_trailtrimer_fusion_protein_scb313/common" + Recombinant Humanized Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MBS301: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/recombinant_humanized_antiher2_bispecific_monoclonal_antibody_mbs301/common" + Redaporfin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/redaporfin/common" + RET/SRC Inhibitor TPX-0046: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/retsrc_inhibitor_tpx0046/common" + Retifanlimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/retifanlimab/common" + Revdofilimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/revdofilimab/common" + Rezivertinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rezivertinib/common" + Ripertamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ripertamab/common" + Roblitinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/roblitinib/common" + ROBO1-targeted BiCAR-NKT Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/robo1targeted_bicarnkt_cells/common" + Rocakinogene Sifuplasmid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rocakinogene_sifuplasmid/common" + Roducitabine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/roducitabine/common" + Rolinsatamab Talirine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rolinsatamab_talirine/common" + Roneparstat: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/roneparstat/common" + Ropeginterferon Alfa-2B: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ropeginterferon_alfa2b/common" + Ropocamptide: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ropocamptide/common" + Rosopatamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rosopatamab/common" + RSK1-4 Inhibitor PMD-026: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rsk14_inhibitor_pmd026/common" + Ruthenium-based Small Molecule Therapeutic BOLD-100: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/rutheniumbased_small_molecule_therapeutic_bold100/common" + Ruxotemitide: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ruxotemitide/common" + Sabatolimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sabatolimab/common" + Samrotamab Vedotin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/samrotamab_vedotin/common" + Samuraciclib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/samuraciclib/common" + Sasanlimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sasanlimab/common" + SDF-1 Receptor Antagonist PTX-9908: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sdf1_receptor_antagonist_ptx9908/common" + Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LX-039: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/selective_estrogen_receptor_degrader_lx039/common" + Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LY3484356: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/selective_estrogen_receptor_degrader_ly3484356/common" + Serclutamab Talirine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/serclutamab_talirine/common" + SERD ZN-c5: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/serd_znc5/common" + Serplulimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/serplulimab/common" + Shenqi Fuzheng Injection SQ001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/shenqi_fuzheng_injection_sq001/common" + SHP2 Inhibitor RLY-1971: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/shp2_inhibitor_rly1971/common" + Simlukafusp Alfa: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/simlukafusp_alfa/common" + Simmitinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/simmitinib/common" + Simurosertib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/simurosertib/common" + Siremadlin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/siremadlin/common" + SIRPa-4-1BBL Fusion Protein DSP107: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sirpa41bbl_fusion_protein_dsp107/common" + SIRPa-Fc-CD40L Fusion Protein SL-172154: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sirpafccd40l_fusion_protein_sl172154/common" + Sotigalimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sotigalimab/common" + Sotorasib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sotorasib/common" + Spanlecortemlocel: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/spanlecortemlocel/common" + SRPK1/ABCG2 Inhibitor SCO-101: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/srpk1abcg2_inhibitor_sco101/common" + STING Agonist BMS-986301: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sting_agonist_bms986301/common" + STING Agonist GSK3745417: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sting_agonist_gsk3745417/common" + STING Agonist IMSA101: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sting_agonist_imsa101/common" + STING Agonist SB 11285: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sting_agonist_sb_11285/common" + STING Agonist TAK-676: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sting_agonist_tak676/common" + STING-expressing E. coli SYNB1891: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/stingexpressing_e_coli_synb1891/common" + Sugemalimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/sugemalimab/common" + Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic GC4711: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/superoxide_dismutase_mimetic_gc4711/common" + Synthetic Plumbagin PCUR-101: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/synthetic_plumbagin_pcur101/common" + Tafasitamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tafasitamab/common" + Taletrectinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/taletrectinib/common" + Tamrintamab Pamozirine: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tamrintamab_pamozirine/common" + Tankyrase Inhibitor STP1002: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tankyrase_inhibitor_stp1002/common" + Tapotoclax: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tapotoclax/common" + Tasadenoturev: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tasadenoturev/common" + Tebentafusp: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tebentafusp/common" + Teclistamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/teclistamab/common" + Tefinostat: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tefinostat/common" + Telaglenastat: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/telaglenastat/common" + Telaglenastat Hydrochloride: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/telaglenastat_hydrochloride/common" + Telisotuzumab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/telisotuzumab/common" + Tepoditamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tepoditamab/common" + TGF-beta Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitor SH3051: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tgfbeta_receptor_1_kinase_inhibitor_sh3051/common" + TGF-beta Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitor YL-13027: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tgfbeta_receptor_1_kinase_inhibitor_yl13027/common" + TGFa-PE38 Immunotoxin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tgfape38_immunotoxin/common" + Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine ATP128: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/therapeutic_cancer_vaccine_atp128/common" + Thorium Th 227 Anetumab Corixetan: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/thorium_th_227_anetumab_corixetan/common" + Thorium Th 227 Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2701439: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/thorium_th_227_antiher2_monoclonal_antibody_bay2701439/common" + Thorium Th 227 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody BAY 2315497: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/thorium_th_227_antipsma_monoclonal_antibody_bay_2315497/common" + Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor CX1106: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/thymidylate_synthase_inhibitor_cx1106/common" + TIGIT Inhibitor M6223: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tigit_inhibitor_m6223/common" + Tilogotamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tilogotamab/common" + Tiomolibdate Choline: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tiomolibdate_choline/common" + Tirbanibulin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tirbanibulin/common" + TLR7 agonist BNT411: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tlr7_agonist_bnt411/common" + TLR7 Agonist LHC165: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tlr7_agonist_lhc165/common" + TM4SF1-CAR/EpCAM-CAR-expressing Autologous T Cells: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tm4sf1carepcamcarexpressing_autologous_t_cells/common" + Tolebrutinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tolebrutinib/common" + Topotecan Sustained-release Episcleral Plaque: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/topotecan_sustainedrelease_episcleral_plaque/common" + Transferrin-CRM107: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/transferrincrm107/common" + Trastuzumab Deruxtecan: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trastuzumab_deruxtecan/common" + Trastuzumab Monomethyl Auristatin F: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trastuzumab_monomethyl_auristatin_f/common" + Trastuzumab-TLR 7/8 Agonist BDC-1001: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trastuzumabtlr_78_agonist_bdc1001/common" + Tris-acryl Gelatin Microspheres: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trisacryl_gelatin_microspheres/common" + TRK Inhibitor TQB3558: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/trk_inhibitor_tqb3558/common" + Troriluzole: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/troriluzole/common" + Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TL-895: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/tyrosine_kinase_inhibitor_tl895/common" + Upifitamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/upifitamab/common" + Urabrelimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/urabrelimab/common" + Ursolic Acid: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/ursolic_acid/common" + Uzansertib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/uzansertib/common" + Valecobulin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/valecobulin/common" + Valemetostat: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/valemetostat/common" + Vesencumab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vesencumab/common" + Vibecotamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vibecotamab/common" + Vibostolimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vibostolimab/common" + Vorasidenib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vorasidenib/common" + Vosilasarm: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vosilasarm/common" + Vulinacimab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/vulinacimab/common" + Wee1 Inhibitor ZN-c3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wee1_inhibitor_znc3/common" + Wee1 Kinase Inhibitor Debio 0123: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/wee1_kinase_inhibitor_debio_0123/common" + Xevinapant: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/xevinapant/common" + Xiliertinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/xiliertinib/common" + Xisomab 3G3: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/xisomab_3g3/common" + Yttrium Y 90 Tabituximab Barzuxetan: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/yttrium_y_90_tabituximab_barzuxetan/common" + Zandelisib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zandelisib/common" + Zanidatamab: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zanidatamab/common" + Zelavespib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zelavespib/common" + Zorifertinib: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zorifertinib/common" + Zotatifin: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zotatifin/common" + Zotiraciclib Citrate: + $ref: + - "_terms.yaml#/zotiraciclib_citrate/common" Unknown: $ref: - "_terms.yaml#/unknown/common" diff --git a/server/data_files/conceptCode.js b/server/data_files/conceptCode.js index 41222ae7..5e81ed99 100644 --- a/server/data_files/conceptCode.js +++ b/server/data_files/conceptCode.js @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ { - "clinical.treatment.therapeutic_agents": { + "clinical.treatment.therapeutic_agents": { "10-Deacetyltaxol": "C957", "11C Topotecan": "C49172", "11D10 AluGel Anti-Idiotype Monoclonal Antibody": "C28781", @@ -7,9 +7,6 @@ "13-Deoxydoxorubicin": "C2494", "14C BMS-275183": "C62553", "17beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 5 Inhibitor ASP9521": "C133224", - "2'-F-ara-deoxyuridine": "C80036", - "2,6-Diaminopurine": "C29796", - "2,6-Dimethoxyquinone": "C126754", "2-Deoxy-D-glucose": "C116618", "2-Ethylhydrazide": "C1165", "2-Fluoroadenine": "C29794", @@ -22,10 +19,13 @@ "2-Methoxyestradiol Nanocrystal Colloidal Dispersion": "C62603", "2-Methoxyestrone": "C120472", "2-O, 3-O Desulfated Heparin": "C99130", + "2,6-Diaminopurine": "C29796", + "2,6-Dimethoxyquinone": "C126754", + "2'-F-ara-deoxyuridine": "C80036", "3'-C-ethynylcytidine": "C29475", - "4'-Iodo-4'-Deoxydoxorubicin": "C971", "4-Nitroestrone 3-Methyl Ether": "C977", "4-Thio-2-deoxycytidine": "C121828", + "4'-Iodo-4'-Deoxydoxorubicin": "C971", "5-Aza-4'-thio-2'-deoxycytidine": "C153479", "5-Fluoro-2-Deoxycytidine": "C62785", "6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatases Isoform 3 Inhibitor ACT-PFK-158": "C113787", @@ -35,34 +35,6 @@ "8-Azaguanine": "C28788", "9-Ethyl 6-Mercaptopurine": "C28789", "9H-Purine-6Thio-98D": "C28793", - "ADH-1": "C53399", - "AE37 Peptide/GM-CSF Vaccine": "C91719", - "AKR1C3-activated Prodrug OBI-3424": "C156414", - "AKT 1/2 Inhibitor BAY1125976": "C111575", - "ALK Inhibitor": "C141136", - "AKT Inhibitor ARQ 092": "C99172", - "ALK Inhibitor ASP3026": "C116727", - "ALK Inhibitor PLB 1003": "C148533", - "ALK Inhibitor RO5424802": "C105615", - "ALK Inhibitor WX-0593": "C154279", - "ALK-2 Inhibitor TP-0184": "C156729", - "ALK-FAK Inhibitor CEP-37440": "C111685", - "ALK/FAK/Pyk2 Inhibitor CT-707": "C126648", - "ALK/TRK Inhibitor TSR-011": "C114287", - "ALK/c-Met Inhibitor TQ-B3139": "C148513", - "APC8015F": "C48640", - "APE1/Ref-1 Redox Inhibitor APX3330": "C150216", - "AR Antagonist BMS-641988": "C62522", - "ARC Fusion Protein SL-279252": "C161803", - "ASP4132": "C122720", - "ATM Inhibitor M 3541": "C138076", - "ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD0156": "C124648", - "ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1390": "C150167", - "ATR Kinase Inhibitor BAY1895344": "C146807", - "ATR Kinase Inhibitor M6620": "C116355", - "ATR Kinase Inhibitor VX-803": "C129693", - "AXL Inhibitor DS-1205c": "C152976", - "AXL Receptor Tyrosine Kinase/cMET Inhibitor BPI-9016M": "C132025", "Abagovomab": "C26449", "Abarelix": "C2015", "Abemaciclib": "C97660", @@ -115,6 +87,9 @@ "Adenovirus-expressing TLR5/TLR5 Agonist Nanoformulation M-VM3": "C131825", "Adenovirus-mediated Human Interleukin-12 INXN-2001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001": "C97959", "Aderbasib": "C76115", + "ADH-1": "C53399", + "AE37 Peptide/GM-CSF Vaccine": "C91719", + "AEE788": "C48369", "Aerosol Gemcitabine": "C153133", "Aerosolized Aldesleukin": "C101794", "Aerosolized Liposomal Rubitecan": "C61071", @@ -128,6 +103,9 @@ "Agonistic Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody ADC-1013": "C121538", "Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01949": "C129967", "Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI6469": "C117293", + "AKR1C3-activated Prodrug OBI-3424": "C156414", + "AKT 1/2 Inhibitor BAY1125976": "C111575", + "AKT Inhibitor ARQ 092": "C99172", "Akt Inhibitor LY2780301": "C95737", "Akt Inhibitor MK2206": "C90581", "Akt Inhibitor SR13668": "C85448", @@ -145,6 +123,16 @@ "Algenpantucel-L": "C61082", "Alisertib": "C71717", "Alitretinoin": "C1574", + "ALK Inhibitor": "C141136", + "ALK Inhibitor ASP3026": "C116727", + "ALK Inhibitor PLB 1003": "C148533", + "ALK Inhibitor RO5424802": "C105615", + "ALK Inhibitor WX-0593": "C154279", + "ALK-2 Inhibitor TP-0184": "C156729", + "ALK-FAK Inhibitor CEP-37440": "C111685", + "ALK/c-Met Inhibitor TQ-B3139": "C148513", + "ALK/FAK/Pyk2 Inhibitor CT-707": "C126648", + "ALK/TRK Inhibitor TSR-011": "C114287", "Alkotinib": "C165556", "Allodepleted T Cell Immunotherapeutic ATIR101": "C123911", "Allogeneic Anti-CD19-CAR T-cells PBCAR0191": "C158558", @@ -167,9 +155,10 @@ "Alpelisib": "C94214", "Alpha Galactosylceramide": "C1720", "Alpha V Beta 1 Inhibitor ATN-161": "C52185", + "alpha-Folate Receptor-targeting Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor ONX-0801": "C120550", "Alpha-Gal AGI-134": "C165548", - "Alpha-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside": "C28795", "Alpha-lactalbumin-derived Synthetic Peptide-lipid Complex Alpha1H": "C159497", + "Alpha-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside": "C28795", "Alpha-tocopheryloxyacetic Acid": "C117234", "Altiratinib": "C118290", "Altretamine": "C544", @@ -243,7 +232,10 @@ "Anti-AGS-16 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-16M18": "C82685", "Anti-AGS-5 Antibody-Drug Conjugate ASG-5ME": "C92590", "Anti-AGS-8 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-8M4": "C82686", + "Anti-alpha BCMA/Anti-alpha CD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody TNB-383B": "C164668", + "Anti-alpha5beta1 Integrin Antibody MINT1526A": "C116865", "Anti-ANG2 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-3617": "C95704", + "Anti-angiopoietin Monoclonal Antibody AMG 780": "C116627", "Anti-APRIL Monoclonal Antibody BION-1301": "C142822", "Anti-AXL Fusion Protein AVB-S6-500": "C156017", "Anti-AXL/PBD Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-601": "C160890", @@ -257,6 +249,13 @@ "Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 701": "C147028", "Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody REGN5458": "C158504", "Anti-BCMA/PBD ADC MEDI2228": "C150127", + "Anti-c-fms Monoclonal Antibody AMG 820": "C98295", + "Anti-c-KIT Monoclonal Antibody CDX 0158": "C125620", + "Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate HTI-1066": "C146667", + "Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate TR1801": "C158513", + "Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ABT-700": "C106262", + "Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ARGX-111": "C113802", + "Anti-c-MET Monoclonal Antibody LY2875358": "C95732", "Anti-C-met Monoclonal Antibody SAIT301": "C119619", "Anti-C4.4a Antibody-Drug Conjugate BAY1129980": "C116070", "Anti-C5aR Monoclonal Antibody IPH5401": "C163020", @@ -268,9 +267,9 @@ "Anti-CD123 Monoclonal Antibody KHK2823": "C123380", "Anti-CD123 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb1404": "C127120", "Anti-CD123-Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Dimer Antibody Drug Conjugate SGN-CD123A": "C129457", - "Anti-CD123/CD3 BiTE Antibody SAR440234": "C160348", "Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody APVO436": "C157257", "Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63709178": "C128486", + "Anti-CD123/CD3 BiTE Antibody SAR440234": "C160348", "Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ADG106": "C160715", "Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody CTX-471": "C162039", "Anti-CD157 Monoclonal Antibody MEN1112": "C120317", @@ -313,10 +312,10 @@ "Anti-CD33 Antigen/CD3 Receptor Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMV564": "C135632", "Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836858": "C116737", "Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Conjugate AVE9633": "C71523", - "Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 330": "C123332", - "Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 673": "C147026", "Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody GEM 333": "C155970", "Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-67571244": "C162296", + "Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 330": "C123332", + "Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 673": "C147026", "Anti-CD352 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD352A": "C131174", "Anti-CD37 Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMGN529": "C100101", "Anti-CD37 MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS67E": "C119700", @@ -379,6 +378,7 @@ "Anti-CTLA-4/OX40 Bispecific Antibody ATOR-1015": "C157494", "Anti-CTLA4 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986218": "C135633", "Anti-CXCR4 Monoclonal Antibody PF-06747143": "C131572", + "Anti-Denatured Collagen Monoclonal Antibody TRC093": "C71749", "Anti-DKK-1 Monoclonal Antibody LY2812176": "C99123", "Anti-DKK1 Monoclonal Antibody BHQ880": "C80040", "Anti-DLL3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 757": "C147027", @@ -387,7 +387,6 @@ "Anti-DR5 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody TRA-8": "C78826", "Anti-DR5 Agonistic Antibody DS-8273a": "C121158", "Anti-DR5 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody INBRX-109": "C157062", - "Anti-Denatured Collagen Monoclonal Antibody TRC093": "C71749", "Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody CPGJ 602": "C155876", "Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody EMD 55900": "C2714", "Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody GC1118": "C120316", @@ -398,18 +397,17 @@ "Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody SCT200": "C117726", "Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody SYN004": "C121550", "Anti-EGFR TAP Antibody-drug Conjugate IMGN289": "C111906", + "Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody EMB-01": "C158085", + "Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody JNJ-61186372": "C124993", "Anti-EGFR/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate AVID100": "C148507", "Anti-EGFR/HER2/HER3 Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym013": "C131175", "Anti-EGFR/PBD Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-321": "C150590", - "Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody EMB-01": "C158085", - "Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody JNJ-61186372": "C124993", "Anti-EGFRvIII Antibody Drug Conjugate AMG 595": "C99222", "Anti-EGFRvIII Immunotoxin MR1-1": "C88307", "Anti-EGFRvIII/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 596": "C146824", "Anti-EGP-2 Immunotoxin MOC31-PE": "C90551", "Anti-ENPP3 Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16C3F": "C102980", "Anti-ENPP3/MMAF Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16M8F": "C116626", - "Anti-ETBR/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DEDN6526A": "C116742", "Anti-Ep-CAM Monoclonal Antibody ING-1": "C133022", "Anti-EphA2 Antibody-directed Liposomal Docetaxel Prodrug MM-310": "C136981", "Anti-EphA2 Monoclonal Antibody DS-8895a": "C118447", @@ -420,6 +418,7 @@ "Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody CDX-3379": "C113333", "Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody REGN1400": "C103859", "Anti-ErbB3/Anti-IGF-1R Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MM-141": "C103863", + "Anti-ETBR/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DEDN6526A": "C116742", "Anti-FAP/Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein RO6874281": "C129383", "Anti-FCRH5/CD3 BiTE Antibody BFCR4350A": "C139549", "Anti-FGFR2 Antibody BAY1179470": "C107683", @@ -430,25 +429,28 @@ "Anti-FLT3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-EB10": "C85453", "Anti-FLT3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 427": "C156399", "Anti-Folate Receptor-alpha Antibody Drug Conjugate STRO-002": "C158067", + "Anti-fucosyl-GM1 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986012": "C118443", + "Anti-Ganglioside GM2 Monoclonal Antibody BIW-8962": "C79795", "Anti-GCC Antibody-Drug Conjugate MLN0264": "C101524", "Anti-GCC Antibody-Drug Conjugate TAK-164": "C156707", - "Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-028": "C91383", - "Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody hu14.18K322A": "C80042", "Anti-GD2 hu3F8/Anti-CD3 huOKT3 Bispecific Antibody": "C158436", + "Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody hu14.18K322A": "C80042", + "Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-028": "C91383", "Anti-GD3 Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06688992": "C136426", "Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ASP1951": "C159411", "Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986156": "C132267", "Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01876": "C126643", "Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody GWN 323": "C128028", "Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody MK-4166": "C116065", - "Anti-GRP78 Monoclonal Antibody PAT-SM6": "C103857", - "Anti-Ganglioside GM2 Monoclonal Antibody BIW-8962": "C79795", "Anti-Globo H Monoclonal Antibody OBI-888": "C153261", "Anti-Glypican 3/CD3 Bispecific Antibody ERY974": "C129936", "Anti-GnRH Vaccine PEP223": "C85464", + "Anti-gpA33/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MGD007": "C118442", + "Anti-GRP78 Monoclonal Antibody PAT-SM6": "C103857", "Anti-HA Epitope Monoclonal Antibody MEDI8852": "C131295", "Anti-HB-EGF Monoclonal Antibody KHK2866": "C95721", "Anti-HBEGF Monoclonal Antibody U3-1565": "C95736", + "Anti-hepcidin Monoclonal Antibody LY2787106": "C116630", "Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Antibody KN026": "C162577", "Anti-HER2 ADC DS-8201a": "C128799", "Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate A166": "C156480", @@ -472,6 +474,8 @@ "Anti-HIF-1alpha LNA Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-2968": "C68930", "Anti-HIV-1 Lentiviral Vector-expressing sh5/C46 Cal-1": "C165547", "Anti-HLA-DR Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-114": "C103860", + "Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody AMG 228": "C129694", + "Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody TRX518": "C95023", "Anti-ICAM-1 Monoclonal Antibody BI-505": "C88327", "Anti-ICOS Agonist Antibody GSK3359609": "C126804", "Anti-ICOS Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986226": "C146762", @@ -501,19 +505,25 @@ "Anti-LIV-1 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate SGN-LIV1A": "C112001", "Anti-Ly6E Antibody-Drug Conjugate RG 7841": "C116745", "Anti-MAGE-A4 T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-C103C": "C162462", + "Anti-Melanin Monoclonal Antibody PTI-6D2": "C91092", + "Anti-mesothelin Antibody-drug Conjugate BMS-986148": "C120303", + "Anti-mesothelin-Pseudomonas Exotoxin 24 Cytolytic Fusion Protein LMB-100": "C121653", + "Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMOT4039A": "C116746", + "Anti-Met Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym015": "C127906", + "Anti-Met/EGFR Monoclonal Antibody LY3164530": "C118281", "Anti-MMP-9 Monoclonal Antibody GS-5745": "C105803", "Anti-MUC1 Monoclonal Antibody BTH1704": "C118362", "Anti-MUC16/CD3 BiTE Antibody REGN4018": "C153129", "Anti-MUC16/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMUC4064A": "C147031", - "Anti-Melanin Monoclonal Antibody PTI-6D2": "C91092", - "Anti-Met Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym015": "C127906", - "Anti-Met/EGFR Monoclonal Antibody LY3164530": "C118281", "Anti-Myeloma Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Immunoconjugate BT-062": "C78840", - "Anti-NY-ESO-1 Immunotherapeutic GSK-2241658A": "C116847", - "Anti-NY-ESO1/LAGE-1A TCR/scFv Anti-CD3 IMCnyeso": "C153130", + "Anti-myostatin Monoclonal Antibody LY2495655": "C99640", "Anti-NaPi2b Monoclonal Antibody XMT-1535": "C147578", + "Anti-nectin-4 Monoclonal Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-22M6E": "C97916", "Anti-Neuropilin-1 Monoclonal Antibody MNRP1685A": "C91728", + "Anti-nf-P2X7 Antibody Ointment BIL-010t": "C124647", "Anti-Nucleolin Aptamer AS1411": "C91721", + "Anti-NY-ESO-1 Immunotherapeutic GSK-2241658A": "C116847", + "Anti-NY-ESO1/LAGE-1A TCR/scFv Anti-CD3 IMCnyeso": "C153130", "Anti-OFA Immunotherapeutic BB-MPI-03": "C118368", "Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-368": "C161864", "Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody PF-04518600": "C121927", @@ -569,6 +579,7 @@ "Anti-PR1/HLA-A2 Monoclonal Antibody Hu8F4": "C123924", "Anti-PRAME Immunotherapeutic GSK2302032A": "C116848", "Anti-PRL-3 Monoclonal Antibody PRL3-zumab": "C151931", + "Anti-prolactin Receptor Antibody LFA102": "C96744", "Anti-PSCA Monoclonal Antibody AGS-1C4D4": "C71157", "Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody MDX1201-A488": "C113439", "Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody MLN591-DM1 Immunoconjugate MLN2704": "C26660", @@ -581,6 +592,7 @@ "Anti-PVRIG Monoclonal Antibody COM701": "C156791", "Anti-ROR1 ADC VLS-101": "C157772", "Anti-S15 Monoclonal Antibody NC318": "C157061", + "Anti-sCLU Monoclonal Antibody AB-16B5": "C121778", "Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody CC-95251": "C157501", "Anti-SLITRK6 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate AGS15E": "C111995", "Anti-TAG-72 Monoclonal Antibody scFV CC-49/218": "C28880", @@ -598,9 +610,9 @@ "Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody Sym023": "C150560", "Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-022": "C128627", "Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody LY3321367": "C137820", + "Anti-Tissue Factor Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-066": "C104291", "Anti-TROP2/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-1062a": "C151967", "Anti-TWEAK Monoclonal Antibody RG7212": "C97337", - "Anti-Tissue Factor Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-066": "C104291", "Anti-VEGF Anticalin PRS-050-PEG40": "C91376", "Anti-VEGF Monoclonal Antibody hPV19": "C156139", "Anti-VEGF/ANG2 Nanobody BI 836880": "C126644", @@ -609,31 +621,7 @@ "Anti-VEGFR2 Monoclonal Antibody HLX06": "C156172", "Anti-VEGFR3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-3C5": "C95734", "Anti-VISTA Monoclonal Antibody JNJ 61610588": "C127124", - "Anti-alpha BCMA/Anti-alpha CD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody TNB-383B": "C164668", - "Anti-alpha5beta1 Integrin Antibody MINT1526A": "C116865", - "Anti-angiopoietin Monoclonal Antibody AMG 780": "C116627", - "Anti-c-KIT Monoclonal Antibody CDX 0158": "C125620", - "Anti-c-MET Monoclonal Antibody LY2875358": "C95732", - "Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate HTI-1066": "C146667", - "Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate TR1801": "C158513", - "Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ABT-700": "C106262", - "Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ARGX-111": "C113802", - "Anti-c-fms Monoclonal Antibody AMG 820": "C98295", - "Anti-fucosyl-GM1 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986012": "C118443", - "Anti-gpA33/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MGD007": "C118442", - "Anti-hepcidin Monoclonal Antibody LY2787106": "C116630", - "Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody AMG 228": "C129694", - "Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody TRX518": "C95023", - "Anti-mesothelin Antibody-drug Conjugate BMS-986148": "C120303", - "Anti-mesothelin-Pseudomonas Exotoxin 24 Cytolytic Fusion Protein LMB-100": "C121653", - "Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMOT4039A": "C116746", - "Anti-myostatin Monoclonal Antibody LY2495655": "C99640", - "Anti-nectin-4 Monoclonal Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-22M6E": "C97916", - "Anti-nf-P2X7 Antibody Ointment BIL-010t": "C124647", - "Anti-prolactin Receptor Antibody LFA102": "C96744", - "Anti-sCLU Monoclonal Antibody AB-16B5": "C121778", "Antiangiogenic Drug Combination TL-118": "C99761", - "Antibody-Drug Conjugate DFRF4539A": "C106256", "Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-011": "C161599", "Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-085": "C124134", "Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-155": "C157279", @@ -641,6 +629,7 @@ "Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-838": "C122816", "Antibody-drug Conjugate ADC XMT-1536": "C147577", "Antibody-drug Conjugate Anti-TIM-1-vcMMAE CDX-014": "C129401", + "Antibody-Drug Conjugate DFRF4539A": "C106256", "Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI7247": "C137821", "Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06647263": "C118572", "Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06664178": "C118570", @@ -665,6 +654,8 @@ "Apalutamide": "C92574", "Apatorsen": "C71740", "Apaziquone": "C1087", + "APC8015F": "C48640", + "APE1/Ref-1 Redox Inhibitor APX3330": "C150216", "Aphidicoline Glycinate": "C28802", "Apilimod Dimesylate Capsule": "C126661", "Apitolisib": "C91731", @@ -676,8 +667,10 @@ "Apoptosis Inducer MPC-2130": "C64781", "Apricoxib": "C74021", "Aprutumab Ixadotin": "C121212", + "AR Antagonist BMS-641988": "C62522", "Arabinoxylan Compound MGN3": "C1879", "Aranose": "C162540", + "ARC Fusion Protein SL-279252": "C161803", "Archexin": "C88335", "Arcitumomab": "C1494", "Arfolitixorin": "C157079", @@ -695,6 +688,7 @@ "Asciminib": "C114494", "Ascrinvacumab": "C91073", "Ashwagandha Root Powder Extract": "C77883", + "ASP4132": "C122720", "Asparaginase": "C286", "Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi": "C64260", "Astatine At 211 Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody OKT10-B10": "C165280", @@ -708,8 +702,14 @@ "Atiprimod": "C52184", "Atiprimod Dihydrochloride": "C76969", "Atiprimod Dimaleate": "C76970", + "ATM Inhibitor M 3541": "C138076", + "ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD0156": "C124648", + "ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1390": "C150167", "Atorvastatin Calcium": "C28837", "Atorvastatin Sodium": "C78676", + "ATR Kinase Inhibitor BAY1895344": "C146807", + "ATR Kinase Inhibitor M6620": "C116355", + "ATR Kinase Inhibitor VX-803": "C129693", "Atrasentan Hydrochloride": "C1779", "Attenuated Listeria monocytogenes CRS-100": "C62409", "Attenuated Live Listeria Encoding HPV 16 E7 Vaccine ADXS11-001": "C74595", @@ -721,6 +721,7 @@ "Aurora A Kinase/Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ENMD-2076": "C78190", "Aurora B Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-901": "C82674", "Aurora B/C Kinase Inhibitor GSK1070916A": "C91081", + "Aurora kinase A/B inhibitor TT-00420": "C162532", "Aurora Kinase Inhibitor AMG 900": "C82349", "Aurora Kinase Inhibitor BI 811283": "C74014", "Aurora Kinase Inhibitor MLN8054": "C61075", @@ -728,9 +729,7 @@ "Aurora Kinase Inhibitor SNS-314": "C70655", "Aurora Kinase Inhibitor TTP607": "C84846", "Aurora Kinase/VEGFR2 Inhibitor CYC116": "C70983", - "Aurora kinase A/B inhibitor TT-00420": "C162532", "Autologous ACTR-CD16-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes ACTR707": "C139730", - "Autologous AXL-targeted CAR T-cells CCT301-38": "C154276", "Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells KITE-585": "C155883", "Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR Expressing Stem Memory T-cells P-BCMA-101": "C142864", "Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes JCARH125": "C147523", @@ -750,6 +749,7 @@ "Autologous Anti-HLA-A*02/AFP TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140202": "C162260", "Autologous Anti-HLA-A*0201/AFP CAR T-cells ET1402L1": "C155884", "Autologous Anti-NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 TCR-transduced c259 T Lymphocytes GSK3377794": "C121379", + "Autologous AXL-targeted CAR T-cells CCT301-38": "C154276", "Autologous B-cell/Monocyte-presenting HER2/neu Antigen Vaccine BVAC-B": "C156153", "Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells LCAR-B4822M": "C162506", "Autologous Bi-epitope BCMA-targeted CAR T-cells JNJ-68284528": "C148498", @@ -767,8 +767,8 @@ "Autologous FRa-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR-FRa": "C150698", "Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 CD8alpha T Cells": "C162804", "Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 T Cells": "C138107", - "Autologous HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted TCR Gene Engineered Lymphocytes KITE-439": "C159977", "Autologous Heat-Shock Protein 70 Peptide Vaccine AG-858": "C37448", + "Autologous HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted TCR Gene Engineered Lymphocytes KITE-439": "C159977", "Autologous LMP1/LMP2/EBNA1-specific HLA-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted TCR-expressing T-lymphocytes YT-E001": "C162627", "Autologous MAGE-A3/A6-specific TCR Gene-engineered Lymphocytes KITE-718": "C135534", "Autologous MCPyV-specific HLA-A02-restricted TCR-transduced CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells FH-MCVA2TCR": "C156382", @@ -792,6 +792,8 @@ "Avitinib Maleate": "C118671", "Axicabtagene Ciloleucel": "C120309", "Axitinib": "C38718", + "AXL Inhibitor DS-1205c": "C152976", + "AXL Receptor Tyrosine Kinase/cMET Inhibitor BPI-9016M": "C132025", "Axl/Mer Inhibitor INCB081776": "C153122", "Azacitidine": "C288", "Azapicyl": "C1007", @@ -803,52 +805,6 @@ "Azotomycin": "C28803", "Azurin:50-77 Cell Penetrating Peptide p28": "C85480", "B-Raf/VEGFR-2 Inhibitor RAF265": "C61311", - "BC-819 Plasmid/Polyethylenimine Complex": "C107685", - "BCG Solution": "C83496", - "BCG Tokyo-172 Strain Solution": "C126694", - "BCG Vaccine": "C298", - "BCMA x CD3 T-cell Engaging Antibody CC-93269": "C156052", - "BCR-ABL/KIT/AKT/ERK Inhibitor HQP1351": "C165549", - "BET Bromodomain Inhibitor ZEN-3694": "C126805", - "BET Inhibitor ABBV-744": "C148415", - "BET Inhibitor BAY1238097": "C121213", - "BET Inhibitor BMS-986158": "C121849", - "BET Inhibitor CC-90010": "C151951", - "BET Inhibitor CPI-0610": "C111901", - "BET Inhibitor FT-1101": "C123733", - "BET Inhibitor GS-5829": "C126640", - "BET Inhibitor GSK2820151": "C125391", - "BET Inhibitor INCB054329": "C121948", - "BET Inhibitor INCB057643": "C128622", - "BET Inhibitor RO6870810": "C112500", - "BET inhibitor BI 894999": "C160257", - "BET-bromodomain Inhibitor ODM-207": "C148138", - "BF-200 Gel Formulation": "C131905", - "BH3 Mimetic ABT-737": "C114384", - "BL22 Immunotoxin": "C1842", - "BMI1 Inhibitor PTC596": "C121645", - "BMS-184476": "C1843", - "BMS-188797": "C1859", - "BMS-214662": "C1856", - "BMS-275183": "C62639", - "BP-Cx1-Platinum Complex BP-C1": "C107387", - "BR96-Doxorubicin Immunoconjugate": "C1617", - "BRAF Inhibitor": "C155322", - "BRAF Inhibitor ARQ 736": "C94224", - "BRAF Inhibitor PLX8394": "C113330", - "BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor RO5212054": "C92591", - "BRAF/EGFR Inhibitor BGB-283": "C124995", - "BRAFV600/PI3K Inhibitor ASN003": "C134967", - "BRD4 Inhibitor PLX2853": "C146825", - "BRD4 Inhibitor PLX51107": "C125739", - "BTK Inhibitor ARQ 531": "C138066", - "BTK Inhibitor CT-1530": "C138164", - "BTK Inhibitor DTRMWXHS-12": "C130001", - "BTK Inhibitor ICP-022": "C156173", - "BTK Inhibitor LOXO-305": "C158617", - "BTK Inhibitor M7583": "C129710", - "BTK inhibitor TG-1701": "C162479", - "BXQ-350 Nanovesicle Formulation": "C131491", "Babaodan Capsule": "C155974", "Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Substrain Connaught Live Antigen": "C77694", "Bactobolin": "C28850", @@ -865,12 +821,18 @@ "Batimastat": "C1529", "Bavituximab": "C49088", "Bazedoxifene": "C73598", + "BC-819 Plasmid/Polyethylenimine Complex": "C107685", + "BCG Solution": "C83496", + "BCG Tokyo-172 Strain Solution": "C126694", + "BCG Vaccine": "C298", "Bcl-2 Inhibitor APG 2575": "C156249", "Bcl-2 Inhibitor BCL201": "C125603", "Bcl-2 Inhibitor S65487": "C158510", "Bcl-Xs Adenovirus Vaccine": "C28860", + "BCMA x CD3 T-cell Engaging Antibody CC-93269": "C156052", "Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor K0706": "C132173", "Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor PF-114": "C130033", + "BCR-ABL/KIT/AKT/ERK Inhibitor HQP1351": "C165549", "Beauvericin": "C1011", "Becatecarin": "C1620", "Belagenpumatucel-L": "C73438", @@ -889,16 +851,32 @@ "Berberine Chloride": "C87331", "Bermekimab": "C95708", "Berubicin Hydrochloride": "C61568", + "BET Bromodomain Inhibitor ZEN-3694": "C126805", + "BET Inhibitor ABBV-744": "C148415", + "BET Inhibitor BAY1238097": "C121213", + "BET inhibitor BI 894999": "C160257", + "BET Inhibitor BMS-986158": "C121849", + "BET Inhibitor CC-90010": "C151951", + "BET Inhibitor CPI-0610": "C111901", + "BET Inhibitor FT-1101": "C123733", + "BET Inhibitor GS-5829": "C126640", + "BET Inhibitor GSK2820151": "C125391", + "BET Inhibitor INCB054329": "C121948", + "BET Inhibitor INCB057643": "C128622", + "BET Inhibitor RO6870810": "C112500", + "BET-bromodomain Inhibitor ODM-207": "C148138", "Beta Alethine": "C2605", "Beta-Carotene": "C1016", + "Beta-elemene": "C103177", "Beta-Glucan": "C2678", "Beta-Glucan MM-10-001": "C82657", - "Beta-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside": "C1350", - "Beta-elemene": "C103177", "Beta-lapachone Prodrug ARQ 761": "C99146", + "Beta-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside": "C1350", "Betulinic Acid": "C38126", "Bevacizumab": "C2039", "Bexarotene": "C1635", + "BF-200 Gel Formulation": "C131905", + "BH3 Mimetic ABT-737": "C114384", "Bi-functional Alkylating Agent VAL-083": "C99224", "Bicalutamide": "C1599", "Bimiralisib": "C111898", @@ -918,6 +896,7 @@ "Bisthianostat": "C163996", "Bivalent BRD4 Inhibitor AZD5153": "C151943", "Bizelesin": "C1472", + "BL22 Immunotoxin": "C1842", "Black Cohosh": "C26647", "Black Raspberry Nectar": "C122398", "Bleomycin": "C313", @@ -926,6 +905,11 @@ "Bleomycin Sulfate": "C312", "Blinatumomab": "C62528", "Blueberry Powder Supplement": "C98108", + "BMI1 Inhibitor PTC596": "C121645", + "BMS-184476": "C1843", + "BMS-188797": "C1859", + "BMS-214662": "C1856", + "BMS-275183": "C62639", "Boanmycin Hydrochloride": "C102878", "Boronophenylalanine-Fructose Complex": "C2405", "Bortezomib": "C1851", @@ -935,7 +919,17 @@ "Botanical Agent LEAC-102": "C129711", "Bovine Cartilage": "C2418", "Bozitinib": "C129717", + "BP-Cx1-Platinum Complex BP-C1": "C107387", + "BR96-Doxorubicin Immunoconjugate": "C1617", "Brachyury-expressing Yeast Vaccine GI-6301": "C106267", + "BRAF Inhibitor": "C155322", + "BRAF Inhibitor ARQ 736": "C94224", + "BRAF Inhibitor PLX8394": "C113330", + "BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor RO5212054": "C92591", + "BRAF/EGFR Inhibitor BGB-283": "C124995", + "BRAFV600/PI3K Inhibitor ASN003": "C134967", + "BRD4 Inhibitor PLX2853": "C146825", + "BRD4 Inhibitor PLX51107": "C125739", "Breflate": "C28855", "Brentuximab": "C2007", "Brentuximab Vedotin": "C66944", @@ -968,6 +962,13 @@ "Bruceanol H": "C1695", "Bruceantin": "C1025", "Bryostatin 1": "C1026", + "BTK Inhibitor ARQ 531": "C138066", + "BTK Inhibitor CT-1530": "C138164", + "BTK Inhibitor DTRMWXHS-12": "C130001", + "BTK Inhibitor ICP-022": "C156173", + "BTK Inhibitor LOXO-305": "C158617", + "BTK Inhibitor M7583": "C129710", + "BTK inhibitor TG-1701": "C162479", "Budigalimab": "C137682", "Budotitane": "C81555", "Bufalin": "C107555", @@ -980,76 +981,28 @@ "Bushen-Jianpi Decoction": "C151930", "Busulfan": "C321", "Buthionine Sulfoximine": "C1029", - "C-VISA BikDD:Liposome": "C88264", - "C-myb Antisense Oligonucleotide G4460": "C1541", - "CAB-ROR2-ADC BA3021": "C155812", - "CAIX Inhibitor DTP348": "C117731", - "CAIX Inhibitor SLC-0111": "C117728", - "CAR T-Cells AMG 119": "C150586", - "CBP/beta-catenin Antagonist PRI-724": "C95894", - "CBP/beta-catenin Modulator E7386": "C153376", - "CCR2 Antagonist CCX872-B": "C120302", - "CCR2 Antagonist PF-04136309": "C97507", - "CCR2/CCR5 Antagonist BMS-813160": "C139550", - "CCR4 Inhibitor FLX475": "C157240", - "CD4-specific Telomerase Peptide Vaccine UCPVax": "C129596", - "CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CP-870,893": "C74008", - "CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody APX005M": "C123734", - "CD44 Targeted Agent SPL-108": "C142813", - "CD47 Antagonist ALX148": "C132851", - "CDC7 Inhibitor TAK-931": "C126641", - "CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor BMS-863233": "C82418", - "CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor LY3143921 Hydrate": "C148509", - "CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor NMS-1116354": "C88316", - "CDK Inhibitor AT7519": "C64761", - "CDK Inhibitor R547": "C64544", - "CDK Inhibitor SNS-032": "C62523", - "CDK/JAK2/FLT3 Inhibitor TG02 Citrate": "C105851", - "CDK1 Inhibitor BEY1107": "C163985", - "CDK1/2/4 Inhibitor AG-024322": "C52182", - "CDK2/4/6/FLT3 Inhibitor FN-1501": "C155956", - "CDK2/5/9 Inhibitor CYC065": "C123902", - "CDK4/6 Inhibitor": "", - "CDK4 Inhibitor P1446A-05": "C80049", - "CDK4/6 Inhibitor BPI-16350": "C157481", - "CDK4/6 Inhibitor FCN-437": "C165199", - "CDK4/6 Inhibitor G1T38": "C138165", - "CDK4/6 Inhibitor SHR6390": "C125899", - "CDK7 Inhibitor CT7001": "C155652", - "CDK7 Inhibitor SY-1365": "C139552", - "CDK9 Inhibitor AZD4573": "C153377", - "CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM Vaccine CV301": "C131129", - "CEA-targeting Agent RG6123": "C159892", - "CEBPA-targeting saRNA MTL-CEBPA Liposome": "C126800", - "CENP-E Inhibitor GSK-923295": "C91080", - "CHK1 Inhibitor MK-8776": "C79867", - "CHK1 Inhibitor PF-477736": "C68820", - "CHP-NY-ESO-1 Peptide Vaccine IMF-001": "C62598", - "CK2-targeting Synthetic Peptide CIGB-300": "C102849", - "CL 246738": "C1052", - "CSF-1R Inhibitor BLZ945": "C129653", - "CSF1R Inhibitor DCC-3014": "C136424", - "CSF1R Inhibitor PLX73086": "C129688", - "CT2584 HMS": "C1729", - "CTLA-4-directed Probody BMS-986249": "C146765", - "CXC Chemokine Receptor 2 Antagonist AZD5069": "C123383", - "CXCR1/2 Inhibitor SX-682": "C150389", - "CXCR2 Antagonist QBM076": "C153151", - "CXCR4 Antagonist BL-8040": "C88309", - "CXCR4 Antagonist USL311": "C131534", - "CXCR4 Inhibitor Q-122": "C74022", - "CXCR4 Peptide Antagonist LY2510924": "C106253", - "CYL-02 Plasmid DNA": "C95716", - "CYP11A1 inhibitor ODM-208": "C156744", - "CYP17 Inhibitor CFG920": "C102855", - "CYP17 Lyase Inhibitor ASN001": "C120310", - "CYP17/Androgen Receptor Inhibitor ODM 204": "C120304", + "BXQ-350 Nanovesicle Formulation": "C131491", + "c-Kit Inhibitor PLX9486": "C121647", + "c-Met Inhibitor AL2846": "C129314", + "c-Met Inhibitor AMG 208": "C82677", + "c-Met Inhibitor AMG 337": "C95203", + "c-Met Inhibitor HS-10241": "C128895", + "c-Met Inhibitor JNJ-38877605": "C77893", + "c-Met Inhibitor MK2461": "C90591", + "c-Met Inhibitor MK8033": "C116866", + "c-Met Inhibitor MSC2156119J": "C106370", + "C-myb Antisense Oligonucleotide G4460": "C1541", + "c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 5132": "C2721", + "C-VISA BikDD:Liposome": "C88264", + "CAB-ROR2-ADC BA3021": "C155812", "Cabazitaxel": "C66937", "Cabiralizumab": "C123831", "Cabozantinib": "C52200", "Cabozantinib S-malate": "C97938", "Cactinomycin": "C1032", "Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester": "C63756", + "CAIX Inhibitor DTP348": "C117731", + "CAIX Inhibitor SLC-0111": "C117728", "Calaspargase Pegol-mknl": "C78198", "Calcitriol": "C330", "Calcium Release-activated Channels Inhibitor RP4010": "C136828", @@ -1077,6 +1030,7 @@ "Capivasertib": "C102564", "Capmatinib": "C90564", "Captopril": "C340", + "CAR T-Cells AMG 119": "C150586", "Caracemide": "C1037", "Carbendazim": "C1154", "Carbetimer": "C1356", @@ -1092,8 +1046,8 @@ "Carmofur": "C955", "Carmustine": "C349", "Carmustine Implant": "C2487", - "Carmustine Sustained-Release Implant Wafer": "C102847", "Carmustine in Ethanol": "C2602", + "Carmustine Sustained-Release Implant Wafer": "C102847", "Carotuximab": "C74010", "Carubicin": "C352", "Carubicin Hydrochloride": "C1582", @@ -1102,6 +1056,40 @@ "Cathelicidin LL-37": "C118292", "Cationic Liposome-Encapsulated Paclitaxel": "C69130", "Catumaxomab": "C62445", + "CBP/beta-catenin Antagonist PRI-724": "C95894", + "CBP/beta-catenin Modulator E7386": "C153376", + "CCR2 Antagonist CCX872-B": "C120302", + "CCR2 Antagonist PF-04136309": "C97507", + "CCR2/CCR5 Antagonist BMS-813160": "C139550", + "CCR4 Inhibitor FLX475": "C157240", + "CD4-specific Telomerase Peptide Vaccine UCPVax": "C129596", + "CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CP-870,893": "C74008", + "CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody APX005M": "C123734", + "CD44 Targeted Agent SPL-108": "C142813", + "CD47 Antagonist ALX148": "C132851", + "CDC7 Inhibitor TAK-931": "C126641", + "CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor BMS-863233": "C82418", + "CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor LY3143921 Hydrate": "C148509", + "CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor NMS-1116354": "C88316", + "CDK Inhibitor AT7519": "C64761", + "CDK Inhibitor R547": "C64544", + "CDK Inhibitor SNS-032": "C62523", + "CDK/JAK2/FLT3 Inhibitor TG02 Citrate": "C105851", + "CDK1 Inhibitor BEY1107": "C163985", + "CDK1/2/4 Inhibitor AG-024322": "C52182", + "CDK2/4/6/FLT3 Inhibitor FN-1501": "C155956", + "CDK2/5/9 Inhibitor CYC065": "C123902", + "CDK4 Inhibitor P1446A-05": "C80049", + "CDK4/6 Inhibitor BPI-16350": "C157481", + "CDK4/6 Inhibitor FCN-437": "C165199", + "CDK4/6 Inhibitor G1T38": "C138165", + "CDK4/6 Inhibitor SHR6390": "C125899", + "CDK7 Inhibitor CT7001": "C155652", + "CDK7 Inhibitor SY-1365": "C139552", + "CDK9 Inhibitor AZD4573": "C153377", + "CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM Vaccine CV301": "C131129", + "CEA-targeting Agent RG6123": "C159892", + "CEBPA-targeting saRNA MTL-CEBPA Liposome": "C126800", "Cedazuridine": "C164146", "Cedazuridine/Decitabine Combination Agent ASTX727": "C115102", "Cedefingol": "C78081", @@ -1114,6 +1102,7 @@ "Cemiplimab": "C121540", "Cenersen": "C37454", "Cenisertib": "C64540", + "CENP-E Inhibitor GSK-923295": "C91080", "Ceralasertib": "C111993", "Ceramide Nanoliposome": "C131434", "Cerdulatinib": "C113173", @@ -1122,6 +1111,7 @@ "Cergutuzumab Amunaleukin": "C141459", "Ceritinib": "C115112", "Cesalin": "C28882", + "cEt KRAS Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD4785": "C147521", "Cetrelimab": "C129448", "Cetuximab": "C1723", "Cetuximab-IR700 Conjugate RM-1929": "C121850", @@ -1129,17 +1119,20 @@ "Cevipabulin": "C77064", "Cevipabulin Fumarate": "C73815", "Cevipabulin Succinate": "C96746", + "cFMS Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ARRY-382": "C96227", "Chaparrin": "C1767", "Chaparrinone": "C1046", "Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor AZD7762": "C66961", "Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor XL844": "C61102", "Chemotherapy": "C15632", - "ChiNing Decoction": "C119741", "Chiauranib": "C115970", "Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody 81C6": "C156351", + "ChiNing Decoction": "C119741", "Chk1 Inhibitor CCT245737": "C129580", "Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0425": "C116756", "Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0575": "C116845", + "CHK1 Inhibitor MK-8776": "C79867", + "CHK1 Inhibitor PF-477736": "C68820", "Chlorambucil": "C362", "Chlorodihydropyrimidine": "C2085", "Chloroquine": "C61671", @@ -1147,6 +1140,7 @@ "Chlorotoxin": "C94723", "Chlorozotocin": "C1049", "Choline Kinase Alpha Inhibitor TCD-717": "C94213", + "CHP-NY-ESO-1 Peptide Vaccine IMF-001": "C62598", "Chromomycin A3": "C895", "Chrysanthemum morifolium/Ganoderma lucidum/Glycyrrhiza glabra/Isatis indigotica/Panax pseudoginseng/Rabdosia rubescens/Scutellaria baicalensis/Serona repens Supplement": "C1828", "Cibisatamab": "C120097", @@ -1160,6 +1154,7 @@ "Cinobufotalin": "C151929", "Cintredekin Besudotox": "C2599", "Cirmtuzumab": "C118284", + "cis-Urocanic Acid": "C99125", "Cisplatin": "C376", "Cisplatin Liposomal": "C2502", "Cisplatin-E Therapeutic Implant": "C17879", @@ -1167,6 +1162,8 @@ "Citarinostat": "C121641", "Citatuzumab Bogatox": "C71694", "Cixutumumab": "C79828", + "CK2-targeting Synthetic Peptide CIGB-300": "C102849", + "CL 246738": "C1052", "Cladribine": "C1336", "Clanfenur": "C78082", "Clarithromycin": "C1054", @@ -1175,6 +1172,7 @@ "Clinical Trial Agent": "C90373", "Clioquinol": "C65337", "Clivatuzumab": "C88638", + "Clodronate Disodium": "C1418", "Clodronic Acid": "C61685", "Clofarabine": "C26638", "Clomesone": "C28888", @@ -1218,10 +1216,22 @@ "Cryptophycin": "C1546", "Cryptophycin 52": "C1826", "Crystalline Genistein Formulation AXP107-11": "C95769", + "CSF-1R Inhibitor BLZ945": "C129653", + "CSF1R Inhibitor DCC-3014": "C136424", + "CSF1R Inhibitor PLX73086": "C129688", + "CT2584 HMS": "C1729", + "CTLA-4-directed Probody BMS-986249": "C146765", "Curcumin": "C401", "Curcumin/Doxorubicin-encapsulating Nanoparticle IMX-110": "C154569", "Cusatuzumab": "C106116", "Custirsen Sodium": "C1055", + "CXC Chemokine Receptor 2 Antagonist AZD5069": "C123383", + "CXCR1/2 Inhibitor SX-682": "C150389", + "CXCR2 Antagonist QBM076": "C153151", + "CXCR4 Antagonist BL-8040": "C88309", + "CXCR4 Antagonist USL311": "C131534", + "CXCR4 Inhibitor Q-122": "C74022", + "CXCR4 Peptide Antagonist LY2510924": "C106253", "Cyclin-dependent Kinase 8/19 Inhibitor BCD 115": "C148166", "Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitor PF-06873600": "C151988", "Cyclodextrin-Based Polymer-Camptothecin CRLX101": "C62600", @@ -1231,6 +1241,11 @@ "Cyclophosphamide": "C405", "Cyclophosphamide Anhydrous": "C61694", "Cyclosporine": "C406", + "CYL-02 Plasmid DNA": "C95716", + "CYP11A1 inhibitor ODM-208": "C156744", + "CYP17 Inhibitor CFG920": "C102855", + "CYP17 Lyase Inhibitor ASN001": "C120310", + "CYP17/Androgen Receptor Inhibitor ODM 204": "C120304", "Cyproterone": "C407", "Cyproterone Acetate": "C1059", "Cytarabine": "C408", @@ -1241,33 +1256,12 @@ "Cytokine-based Biologic Agent IRX-2": "C53396", "D-methionine Formulation MRX-1024": "C69140", "DAB389 Epidermal Growth Factor": "C2383", - "DACH Polymer Platinate AP5346": "C64784", - "DACH-Platin Micelle NC-4016": "C113175", - "DEC-205/NY-ESO-1 Fusion Protein CDX-1401": "C84859", - "DHA-Paclitaxel": "C2649", - "DHEA Mustard": "C2707", - "DI-Leu16-IL2 Immunocytokine": "C78451", - "DKK1-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody DKN-01": "C113331", - "DM-CHOC-PEN": "C90539", - "DM4-Conjugated Anti-Cripto Monoclonal Antibody BIIB015": "C77864", - "DNA Interference Oligonucleotide PNT2258": "C92588", - "DNA Minor Groove Binding Agent SG2000": "C29435", - "DNA Plasmid Encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012": "C116709", - "DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012/PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmids INO-5150 Formulation INO-5151": "C163978", - "DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12/HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine MEDI0457": "C123919", - "DNA Vaccine VB10.16": "C123923", - "DNA-PK/TOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-115": "C97040", - "DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor VX-984": "C129061", - "DNMT1 Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide MG 98": "C2530", - "DPT/BCG/Measles/Serratia/Pneumococcus Vaccine": "C120213", - "DPT/Typhoid/Staphylococcus aureus/Paratyphoid A/Paratyphoid B Vaccine": "C120214", - "DPX-E7 HPV Vaccine": "C131494", - "DR5 HexaBody Agonist GEN1029": "C153259", - "DR5-targeting Tetrameric Nanobody Agonist TAS266": "C116886", "Dabrafenib": "C82386", "Dabrafenib Mesylate": "C128059", "Dacarbazine": "C411", "Dacetuzumab": "C62179", + "DACH Polymer Platinate AP5346": "C64784", + "DACH-Platin Micelle NC-4016": "C113175", "Daclizumab": "C1569", "Dacomitinib": "C53398", "Dacplatinum": "C28955", @@ -1290,6 +1284,7 @@ "Daunorubicin": "C62091", "Daunorubicin Citrate": "C47471", "Daunorubicin Hydrochloride": "C1583", + "DEC-205/NY-ESO-1 Fusion Protein CDX-1401": "C84859", "Decitabine": "C981", "Defactinib": "C79809", "Defactinib Hydrochloride": "C128039", @@ -1301,6 +1296,7 @@ "Demcizumab": "C80041", "Demecolcine": "C419", "Demplatin Pegraglumer": "C85476", + "Dendritic Cell Vaccine": "C28310", "Dendritic Cell-Autologous Lung Tumor Vaccine": "C26446", "Dendritic Cell-targeting Lentiviral Vector ID-LV305": "C115976", "Denenicokin": "C62492", @@ -1321,7 +1317,6 @@ "Deuteporfin": "C132685", "Deuterated Enzalutamide": "C158096", "Devimistat": "C80039", - "Dexamethason": "", "Dexamethasone": "C422", "Dexamethasone Phosphate": "C77001", "Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate": "C1362", @@ -1331,6 +1326,9 @@ "Dezaguanine": "C968", "Dezaguanine Mesylate": "C80635", "Dezapelisib": "C107686", + "DHA-Paclitaxel": "C2649", + "DHEA Mustard": "C2707", + "DI-Leu16-IL2 Immunocytokine": "C78451", "Dianhydrogalactitol": "C425", "Diarylsulfonylurea Compound ILX-295501": "C1632", "Diazepinomicin": "C62508", @@ -1356,6 +1354,18 @@ "Diphencyprone": "C28994", "Diphtheria Toxin Fragment-Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein E7777": "C126273", "Ditiocarb": "C432", + "DKK1-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody DKN-01": "C113331", + "DM-CHOC-PEN": "C90539", + "DM4-Conjugated Anti-Cripto Monoclonal Antibody BIIB015": "C77864", + "DNA Interference Oligonucleotide PNT2258": "C92588", + "DNA Minor Groove Binding Agent SG2000": "C29435", + "DNA Plasmid Encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012": "C116709", + "DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012/PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmids INO-5150 Formulation INO-5151": "C163978", + "DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12/HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine MEDI0457": "C123919", + "DNA Vaccine VB10.16": "C123923", + "DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor VX-984": "C129061", + "DNA-PK/TOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-115": "C97040", + "DNMT1 Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide MG 98": "C2530", "Docetaxel": "C1526", "Docetaxel Anhydrous": "C61734", "Docetaxel Emulsion ANX-514": "C78196", @@ -1363,8 +1373,8 @@ "Docetaxel Lipid Microspheres": "C102568", "Docetaxel Nanoparticle CPC634": "C121961", "Docetaxel Polymeric Micelles": "C165263", - "Docetaxel-PNP": "C91087", "Docetaxel-loaded Nanopharmaceutical CRLX301": "C121539", + "Docetaxel-PNP": "C91087", "Docetaxel/Ritonavir": "C162784", "Dolastatin 10": "C1300", "Dolastatin 15": "C1439", @@ -1382,8 +1392,13 @@ "Doxorubicin Prodrug L-377,202": "C1853", "Doxorubicin-Eluting Beads": "C82419", "Doxorubicin-HPMA Conjugate": "C1366", - "Doxorubicin-Magnetic Targeted Carrier Complex": "C2644", "Doxorubicin-loaded EGFR-targeting Nanocells": "C128897", + "Doxorubicin-Magnetic Targeted Carrier Complex": "C2644", + "DPT/BCG/Measles/Serratia/Pneumococcus Vaccine": "C120213", + "DPT/Typhoid/Staphylococcus aureus/Paratyphoid A/Paratyphoid B Vaccine": "C120214", + "DPX-E7 HPV Vaccine": "C131494", + "DR5 HexaBody Agonist GEN1029": "C153259", + "DR5-targeting Tetrameric Nanobody Agonist TAS266": "C116886", "Dromostanolone Propionate": "C1077", "Drozitumab": "C95784", "Dual IGF-1R/InsR Inhibitor BMS-754807": "C74043", @@ -1396,13 +1411,29 @@ "Dupilumab": "C162455", "Durvalumab": "C103194", "Dusigitumab": "C82683", + "dUTPase/DPD Inhibitor TAS-114": "C116885", "Duvelisib": "C99225", "Duvortuxizumab": "C122406", "Dynemicin": "C1928", "Dynemicin A": "C1079", "E2F1 Pathway Activator ARQ 171": "C64767", "EBNA-1 inhibitor VK-2019": "C159410", + "Echinomycin": "C462", + "Ecromeximab": "C61095", + "Edatrexate": "C958", + "Edelfosine": "C956", + "Edotecarin": "C2665", + "Edrecolomab": "C1554", "EED Inhibitor MAK683": "C133819", + "Efatutazone": "C83819", + "Efatutazone Dihydrochloride": "C64764", + "Efizonerimod": "C118282", + "Eflornithine": "C226", + "Eflornithine Hydrochloride": "C1579", + "Eftilagimod Alpha": "C62509", + "Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor 4SC-205": "C90557", + "Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor ARQ 621": "C82694", + "EGb761": "C26646", "EGFR Antagonist Hemay022": "C123722", "EGFR Antisense DNA BB-401": "C156732", "EGFR Inhibitor AZD3759": "C118289", @@ -1420,37 +1451,8 @@ "EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor AP32788": "C126752", "EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor AV-412": "C64627", "EGFR/HER2 Kinase Inhibitor TAK-285": "C90589", - "EGb761": "C26646", - "EP4 Antagonist ONO-4578": "C150376", - "ER alpha Proteolysis-targeting Chimera Protein Degrader ARV-471": "C165420", - "ERK 1/2 Inhibitor ASTX029": "C155785", - "ERK Inhibitor CC-90003": "C119747", - "ERK Inhibitor GDC-0994": "C107241", - "ERK Inhibitor LTT462": "C126687", - "ERK Inhibitor MK-8353": "C104045", - "ERK1/2 Inhibitor ASN007": "C150248", - "ERK1/2 Inhibitor KO-947": "C141074", - "ERK1/2 Inhibitor LY3214996": "C131335", - "ERa36 Modulator Icaritin": "C95720", - "EZH1/2 Inhibitor DS-3201": "C127114", - "EZH2 Inhibitor CPI-1205": "C121639", - "EZH2 Inhibitor PF-06821497": "C156743", - "EZH2 Inhibitor SHR2554": "C158742", - "Echinomycin": "C462", - "Ecromeximab": "C61095", - "Edatrexate": "C958", - "Edelfosine": "C956", - "Edotecarin": "C2665", - "Edrecolomab": "C1554", - "Efatutazone": "C83819", - "Efatutazone Dihydrochloride": "C64764", - "Efizonerimod": "C118282", - "Eflornithine": "C226", - "Eflornithine Hydrochloride": "C1579", - "Eftilagimod Alpha": "C62509", - "Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor 4SC-205": "C90557", - "Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor ARQ 621": "C82694", "Eicosapentaenoic Acid": "C67080", + "eIF4E Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 183750": "C95740", "Elacestrant": "C120211", "Elacytarabine": "C53401", "Elagolix": "C153373", @@ -1503,6 +1505,7 @@ "Enzalutamide": "C71744", "Enzastaurin": "C77392", "Enzastaurin Hydrochloride": "C26658", + "EP4 Antagonist ONO-4578": "C150376", "Epacadostat": "C92582", "Epipodophyllotoxin Analog GL331": "C1866", "Epipropidine": "C78083", @@ -1514,11 +1517,21 @@ "Epothilone KOS-1584": "C77892", "Epratuzumab": "C1887", "Epratuzumab-cys-tesirine": "C155794", + "ER alpha Proteolysis-targeting Chimera Protein Degrader ARV-471": "C165420", + "ERa36 Modulator Icaritin": "C95720", "Erastin Analogue PRLX 93936": "C70625", "Erbulozole": "C73258", "Erdafitinib": "C103273", "Eribulin": "C96748", "Eribulin Mesylate": "C26644", + "ERK 1/2 Inhibitor ASTX029": "C155785", + "ERK Inhibitor CC-90003": "C119747", + "ERK Inhibitor GDC-0994": "C107241", + "ERK Inhibitor LTT462": "C126687", + "ERK Inhibitor MK-8353": "C104045", + "ERK1/2 Inhibitor ASN007": "C150248", + "ERK1/2 Inhibitor KO-947": "C141074", + "ERK1/2 Inhibitor LY3214996": "C131335", "Erlotinib": "C65530", "Erlotinib Hydrochloride": "C2693", "Ertumaxomab": "C2658", @@ -1561,44 +1574,25 @@ "Exisulind": "C1239", "Extended Release Flucytosine": "C112498", "Extended-release Onapristone": "C113797", + "EZH1/2 Inhibitor DS-3201": "C127114", + "EZH2 Inhibitor CPI-1205": "C121639", + "EZH2 Inhibitor PF-06821497": "C156743", + "EZH2 Inhibitor SHR2554": "C158742", "F16-IL2 Fusion Protein": "C91395", "FACT Complex-targeting Curaxin CBL0137": "C107239", - "FAK Inhibitor GSK2256098": "C88346", - "FAK Inhibitor PF-00562271": "C78199", - "FAK Inhibitor VS-4718": "C107238", - "FASN Inhibitor TVB-2640": "C118285", - "FGF Receptor Antagonist HGS1036": "C77970", - "FGF/FGFR Pathway Inhibitor E7090": "C118672", - "FGFR Inhibitor ASP5878": "C122719", - "FGFR Inhibitor AZD4547": "C88272", - "FGFR Inhibitor Debio 1347": "C111988", - "FGFR Inhibitor TAS-120": "C114283", - "FGFR/VEGFR/PDGFR/FLT3/SRC Inhibitor XL999": "C116894", - "FGFR1/2/3 Inhibitor HMPL-453": "C150383", - "FGFR4 Antagonist INCB062079": "C143067", - "FGFR4 Inhibitor BLU 9931": "C162342", - "FGFR4 Inhibitor FGF401": "C120102", - "FGFR4 Inhibitor H3B-6527": "C128862", - "FGFR4 Inhibitor ICP-105": "C162852", - "FLT3 Inhibitor FF-10101 Succinate": "C137988", - "FLT3 Inhibitor HM43239": "C165254", - "FLT3 Inhibitor SKI-G-801": "C155773", - "FLT3 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TTT-3002": "C123362", - "FLT3/ABL/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor KW-2449": "C116858", - "FLT3/CDK4/6 Inhibitor FLX925": "C120209", - "FLT3/KIT Kinase Inhibitor AKN-028": "C101520", - "FMS Inhibitor JNJ-40346527": "C101519", - "FPV Vaccine CV301": "C141298", - "FPV-Brachyury-TRICOM Vaccine": "C148402", "Factor VII-targeting Immunoconjugate Protein ICON-1": "C129313", "Factor VIIa Inhibitor PCI-27483": "C88324", "Fadrozole Hydrochloride": "C1044", + "FAK Inhibitor GSK2256098": "C88346", + "FAK Inhibitor PF-00562271": "C78199", + "FAK Inhibitor VS-4718": "C107238", "Falimarev": "C29316", "Famitinib": "C97512", "Farletuzumab": "C61503", "Farnesyltransferase/Geranylgeranyltransferase Inhibitor L-778,123": "C1840", "Fas Receptor Agonist APO010": "C67041", "Fascin Inhibitor NP-G2-044": "C142086", + "FASN Inhibitor TVB-2640": "C118285", "Fazarabine": "C1096", "Febuxostat": "C65629", "Fedratinib": "C88293", @@ -1606,6 +1600,19 @@ "Fenebrutinib": "C116844", "Fenretinide": "C1098", "Fenretinide Lipid Matrix": "C63482", + "FGF Receptor Antagonist HGS1036": "C77970", + "FGF/FGFR Pathway Inhibitor E7090": "C118672", + "FGFR Inhibitor ASP5878": "C122719", + "FGFR Inhibitor AZD4547": "C88272", + "FGFR Inhibitor Debio 1347": "C111988", + "FGFR Inhibitor TAS-120": "C114283", + "FGFR/VEGFR/PDGFR/FLT3/SRC Inhibitor XL999": "C116894", + "FGFR1/2/3 Inhibitor HMPL-453": "C150383", + "FGFR4 Antagonist INCB062079": "C143067", + "FGFR4 Inhibitor BLU 9931": "C162342", + "FGFR4 Inhibitor FGF401": "C120102", + "FGFR4 Inhibitor H3B-6527": "C128862", + "FGFR4 Inhibitor ICP-105": "C162852", "Fibromun": "C94210", "Ficlatuzumab": "C78844", "Figitumumab": "C52187", @@ -1618,6 +1625,13 @@ "Flanvotumab": "C91384", "Flotetuzumab": "C117238", "Floxuridine": "C504", + "FLT3 Inhibitor FF-10101 Succinate": "C137988", + "FLT3 Inhibitor HM43239": "C165254", + "FLT3 Inhibitor SKI-G-801": "C155773", + "FLT3 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TTT-3002": "C123362", + "FLT3/ABL/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor KW-2449": "C116858", + "FLT3/CDK4/6 Inhibitor FLX925": "C120209", + "FLT3/KIT Kinase Inhibitor AKN-028": "C101520", "Flt3/MerTK Inhibitor MRX-2843": "C151407", "Fludarabine": "C1094", "Fludarabine Phosphate": "C1102", @@ -1632,13 +1646,13 @@ "Fluvastatin": "C61768", "Fluvastatin Sodium": "C29062", "Fluzoparib": "C126274", + "FMS Inhibitor JNJ-40346527": "C101519", "Fms/Trk Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PLX7486 Tosylate": "C105804", "Folate Receptor Targeted Epothilone BMS753493": "C71524", "Folate Receptor-Targeted Tubulysin Conjugate EC1456": "C113176", "Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid EC0489": "C81935", "Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid/Mitomycin C EC0225": "C66987", "Folate-FITC": "C62479", - "Folic Acid": "", "Folitixorin": "C61304", "Foretinib": "C80058", "Formestane": "C974", @@ -1653,6 +1667,8 @@ "Fostriecin": "C1372", "Fotemustine": "C1106", "Fotretamine": "C65767", + "FPV Vaccine CV301": "C141298", + "FPV-Brachyury-TRICOM Vaccine": "C148402", "Fresolimumab": "C63546", "Fruquintinib": "C102852", "Fulvestrant": "C1379", @@ -1661,13 +1677,6 @@ "Futuximab": "C152971", "Futuximab/Modotuximab Mixture": "C91381", "G-Quadruplex Stabilizer BMVC": "C95893", - "GI-4000 Vaccine": "C61489", - "GITR Agonist MEDI1873": "C124651", - "GM-CSF-encoding Oncolytic Adenovirus CGTG-102": "C98287", - "GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor AL101": "C116872", - "GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor BMS-986115": "C118573", - "GSK-3 Inhibitor 9-ING-41": "C156792", - "GSK-3 Inhibitor LY2090314": "C116849", "Galamustine": "C76791", "Galarubicin": "C81422", "Galectin Inhibitor GR-MD-02": "C115111", @@ -1677,9 +1686,9 @@ "Galocitabine": "C73254", "Galunisertib": "C116891", "Gamboge Resin Extract TSB-9-W1": "C118444", + "Gamma-delta Tocotrienol": "C101517", "Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor LY3039478": "C121535", "Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor RO4929097": "C88333", - "Gamma-delta Tocotrienol": "C101517", "Gandotinib": "C116857", "Ganetespib": "C77872", "Ganglioside GD2": "C1110", @@ -1706,6 +1715,7 @@ "Genistein": "C1113", "Gentuximab": "C154552", "Geranylgeranyltransferase I Inhibitor": "C104414", + "GI-4000 Vaccine": "C61489", "Gilteritinib": "C116722", "Gilteritinib Fumarate": "C119665", "Gimatecan": "C65804", @@ -1713,6 +1723,7 @@ "Ginsenoside Rg3 Capsule": "C103300", "Girentuximab": "C1960", "Girodazole": "C1373", + "GITR Agonist MEDI1873": "C124651", "Givinostat": "C71716", "Glasdegib": "C84862", "Glasdegib Maleate": "C156894", @@ -1734,6 +1745,7 @@ "Glutathione Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Formulation 2B3-101": "C106121", "Glyco-engineered Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody CHO H01": "C151952", "Glycooptimized Trastuzumab-GEX": "C97917", + "GM-CSF-encoding Oncolytic Adenovirus CGTG-102": "C98287", "Gold Sodium Thiomalate": "C74037", "Golnerminogene Pradenovec": "C26444", "Golotimod": "C76497", @@ -1746,6 +1758,10 @@ "Gossypol Acetic Acid": "C1118", "Grapiprant": "C124131", "Green Tea Extract-based Antioxidant Supplement": "C97514", + "GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor AL101": "C116872", + "GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor BMS-986115": "C118573", + "GSK-3 Inhibitor 9-ING-41": "C156792", + "GSK-3 Inhibitor LY2090314": "C116849", "Guadecitabine": "C95209", "Guanabenz Acetate": "C65826", "Guselkumab": "C150390", @@ -1754,20 +1770,31 @@ "H-ras Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide ISIS 2503": "C2024", "H1299 Tumor Cell Lysate Vaccine": "C114284", "HAAH Lambda phage Vaccine SNS-301": "C148522", + "Hafnium Oxide-containing Nanoparticles NBTXR3": "C98280", + "Halichondrin Analogue E7130": "C156697", + "Halichondrin B": "C1376", + "Halofuginone": "C1120", + "Halofuginone Hydrobromide": "C2656", "HCV DNA Vaccine INO-8000": "C121570", "HDAC Class I/IIb Inhibitor HG146": "C160706", "HDAC Inhibitor AR-42": "C116850", + "HDAC inhibitor CG200745": "C94225", "HDAC Inhibitor CHR-2845": "C82690", "HDAC Inhibitor CKD-581": "C148157", "HDAC Inhibitor CXD101": "C112177", "HDAC Inhibitor MPT0E028": "C120312", "HDAC Inhibitor OBP-801": "C121665", - "HDAC inhibitor CG200745": "C94225", "HDAC/EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor CUDC-101": "C78850", "HDAC6 Inhibitor KA2507": "C135629", "HDAC8 Inhibitor NBM-BMX": "C159496", "HDM2 Inhibitor HDM201": "C116325", "HDM2 Inhibitor MK-8242": "C116867", + "Hedgehog Inhibitor IPI-609": "C60772", + "Hematoporphyrin Derivative": "C1377", + "Hemiasterlin Analog E7974": "C49083", + "Henatinib Maleate": "C97949", + "Heparan Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan Mimetic M402": "C102749", + "Heparin Derivative SST0001": "C104412", "HER-2-positive B-cell Peptide Antigen P467-DT-CRM197/Montanide Vaccine IMU-131": "C128283", "HER2 ECD+TM Virus-like Replicon Particles Vaccine AVX901": "C99903", "HER2 Inhibitor CP-724,714": "C26648", @@ -1775,13 +1802,24 @@ "HER2-targeted DARPin MP0274": "C148491", "HER2-targeted Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride MM-302": "C96038", "HER2-targeting Antibody Fc Fragment FS102": "C118953", + "Herba Scutellaria Barbata": "C2661", + "Herbimycin": "C1124", + "Heterodimeric Interleukin-15": "C122401", + "Hexamethylene Bisacetamide": "C1125", + "Hexaminolevulinate": "C26654", + "Hexylresorcinol": "C29092", "HIF-1alpha Inhibitor PX-478": "C70953", "HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2385": "C119618", "HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2977": "C135627", + "Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase EZH2 Inhibitor GSK2816126": "C113334", + "Histrelin Acetate": "C77424", "HLA-A*0201 Restricted TERT(572Y)/TERT(572) Peptides Vaccine Vx-001": "C111689", "HLA-A*2402-Restricted Multipeptide Vaccine S-488410": "C101893", "HLA-A2-restricted Melanoma-specific Peptides Vaccine GRN-1201": "C128489", "HM2/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate ALT-P7": "C153102", + "Hodgkin's Antigens-GM-CSF-Expressing Cell Vaccine": "C61592", + "Holmium Ho 166 Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Microspheres": "C88336", + "Hormone Therapy": "C15445", "HPPH": "C2636", "HPV 16 E7 Antigen-expressing Lactobacillis casei Vaccine BLS-ILB-E710c": "C117240", "HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine VGX-3100": "C77909", @@ -1791,46 +1829,28 @@ "HPV-6-targeting Immunotherapeutic Vaccine INO-3106": "C123378", "HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted IgG1-Fc Fusion Protein CUE-101": "C162459", "HPV16 L2/E6/E7 Fusion Protein Vaccine TA-CIN": "C121648", - "HSP90-targeted SN-38 Conjugate PEN-866": "C151953", - "HSP90alpha/beta Inhibitor TAS-116": "C134448", - "Hafnium Oxide-containing Nanoparticles NBTXR3": "C98280", - "Halichondrin Analogue E7130": "C156697", - "Halichondrin B": "C1376", - "Halofuginone": "C1120", - "Halofuginone Hydrobromide": "C2656", - "Hedgehog Inhibitor IPI-609": "C60772", - "Hematoporphyrin Derivative": "C1377", - "Hemiasterlin Analog E7974": "C49083", - "Henatinib Maleate": "C97949", - "Heparan Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan Mimetic M402": "C102749", - "Heparin Derivative SST0001": "C104412", - "Herba Scutellaria Barbata": "C2661", - "Herbimycin": "C1124", - "Heterodimeric Interleukin-15": "C122401", - "Hexamethylene Bisacetamide": "C1125", - "Hexaminolevulinate": "C26654", - "Hexylresorcinol": "C29092", - "Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase EZH2 Inhibitor GSK2816126": "C113334", - "Histrelin Acetate": "C77424", - "Hodgkin's Antigens-GM-CSF-Expressing Cell Vaccine": "C61592", - "Holmium Ho 166 Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Microspheres": "C88336", - "Hormone Therapy": "C15445", "Hsp90 Antagonist KW-2478": "C69139", "Hsp90 Inhibitor AB-010": "C82691", "Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB021": "C62517", "Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB028": "C78846", - "Hsp90 Inhibitor DS-2248": "C116851", "Hsp90 Inhibitor Debio 0932": "C92572", + "Hsp90 Inhibitor DS-2248": "C116851", "Hsp90 Inhibitor HSP990": "C82387", "Hsp90 Inhibitor MPC-3100": "C84836", "Hsp90 Inhibitor PU-H71": "C101227", "Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5422 Mesylate": "C91068", "Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5542 Mesylate": "C74040", "Hsp90 Inhibitor XL888": "C79835", + "HSP90-targeted SN-38 Conjugate PEN-866": "C151953", + "HSP90alpha/beta Inhibitor TAS-116": "C134448", + "hTERT Multipeptide/Montanide ISA-51 VG/Imiquimod Vaccine GX 301": "C119616", + "hTERT Vaccine V934/V935": "C80055", + "hTERT-encoding DNA Vaccine INVAC-1": "C119737", "Hu14.18-IL2 Fusion Protein EMD 273063": "C2509", "HuaChanSu": "C82415", "Huaier Extract Granule": "C125001", "Huang Lian": "C2626", + "huBC1-huIL12 Fusion Protein AS1409": "C74041", "Human Combinatorial Antibody Library-based Monoclonal Antibody VAY736": "C116788", "Human MHC Non-Restricted Cytotoxic T-Cell Line TALL-104": "C66980", "Human MOAB LICO 28a32": "C29089", @@ -1854,31 +1874,6 @@ "IAP Inhibitor APG-1387": "C162535", "IAP Inhibitor AT-406": "C90574", "IAP Inhibitor HGS1029": "C78484", - "ICT-121 Dendritic Cell Vaccine": "C124652", - "IDH1(R132) Inhibitor IDH305": "C121457", - "IDH1R132H-Specific Peptide Vaccine PEPIDH1M": "C117235", - "IDO Peptide Vaccine IO102": "C159498", - "IDO-1 Inhibitor LY3381916": "C143068", - "IDO/TDO Inhibitor HTI-1090": "C151945", - "IDO1 Inhibitor KHK2455": "C129790", - "IDO1 Inhibitor MK-7162": "C148235", - "IDO1 Inhibitor PF-06840003": "C129375", - "IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor DN1406131": "C162858", - "IGF-1R Inhibitor": "", - "IGF-1R Inhibitor PL225B": "C104746", - "IGF-1R/IR Inhibitor KW-2450": "C84871", - "IGF-methotrexate Conjugate": "C113789", - "IL-10 Immunomodulator MK-1966": "C126840", - "IL-12-expressing HSV-1 NSC 733972": "C114294", - "IL-12-expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Vaccine GX-051": "C114385", - "IL-2 Recombinant Fusion Protein ALT-801": "C71743", - "IL-2/9/15 Gamma Chain Receptor Inhibitor BNZ-1": "C146636", - "IL4-Pseudomonas Exotoxin Fusion Protein MDNA55": "C79843", - "IMT-1012 Immunotherapeutic Vaccine": "C77863", - "INO-1001": "C61315", - "IRAK4 Inhibitor CA-4948": "C148455", - "ISS 1018 CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide": "C61080", - "ITK Inhibitor CPI-818": "C162010", "Ibandronate Sodium": "C1670", "Iberdomide": "C129048", "Iboctadekin": "C1680", @@ -1886,18 +1881,37 @@ "Ibrutinib": "C81934", "Icotinib Hydrochloride": "C99160", "Icrucumab": "C79808", + "ICT-121 Dendritic Cell Vaccine": "C124652", "Idarubicin": "C562", "Idarubicin Hydrochloride": "C1587", "Idarubicin-Eluting Beads": "C90593", "Idasanutlin": "C99131", "Idecabtagene Vicleucel": "C117729", "Idelalisib": "C78825", + "IDH1(R132) Inhibitor IDH305": "C121457", + "IDH1R132H-Specific Peptide Vaccine PEPIDH1M": "C117235", "Idiotype-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine APC8020": "C74042", + "IDO Peptide Vaccine IO102": "C159498", + "IDO-1 Inhibitor LY3381916": "C143068", + "IDO/TDO Inhibitor HTI-1090": "C151945", + "IDO1 Inhibitor KHK2455": "C129790", + "IDO1 Inhibitor MK-7162": "C148235", + "IDO1 Inhibitor PF-06840003": "C129375", + "IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor DN1406131": "C162858", "Idronoxil": "C2642", "Idronoxil Suppository NOX66": "C132257", "Ifabotuzumab": "C116629", "Ifetroban": "C81570", "Ifosfamide": "C564", + "IGF-1R Inhibitor PL225B": "C104746", + "IGF-1R/IR Inhibitor KW-2450": "C84871", + "IGF-methotrexate Conjugate": "C113789", + "IL-10 Immunomodulator MK-1966": "C126840", + "IL-12-expressing HSV-1 NSC 733972": "C114294", + "IL-12-expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Vaccine GX-051": "C114385", + "IL-2 Recombinant Fusion Protein ALT-801": "C71743", + "IL-2/9/15 Gamma Chain Receptor Inhibitor BNZ-1": "C146636", + "IL4-Pseudomonas Exotoxin Fusion Protein MDNA55": "C79843", "Ilixadencel": "C99902", "Iloprost": "C48397", "Ilorasertib": "C116729", @@ -1925,6 +1939,7 @@ "Immunotherapeutic GSK1572932A": "C91714", "Immunotherapy Regimen MKC-1106-MT": "C77971", "Immunotoxin CMD-193": "C62480", + "IMT-1012 Immunotherapeutic Vaccine": "C77863", "Inalimarev": "C29317", "Incyclinide": "C2454", "Indibulin": "C2049", @@ -1943,14 +1958,17 @@ "Ingenol Mebutate Gel": "C118776", "Iniparib": "C62526", "Innate Immunostimulator rBBX-01": "C82362", + "INO-1001": "C61315", "Inodiftagene Vixteplasmid": "C157333", + "iNOS Dimerization Inhibitor ASP9853": "C116728", "Inosine 5'-monophosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor FF-10501-01": "C122835", "Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor AVN944": "C49181", "Inositol": "C28163", "Inotuzumab Ozogamicin": "C71542", "Inproquone": "C65919", - "Integrin Receptor Antagonist GLPG0187": "C96223", "Integrin alpha-2 Inhibitor E7820": "C61501", + "Integrin Receptor Antagonist GLPG0187": "C96223", + "Interferon": "C20493", "Interferon Alfa-N1": "C2220", "Interferon Alfa-N3": "C30136", "Interferon Alfacon-1": "C1766", @@ -1980,8 +1998,8 @@ "Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody muJ591": "C2604", "Iodine I 131 Omburtamab": "C48400", "Iodine I 131 Rituximab": "C102981", - "Iodine I 131 TM-601": "C48263", "Iodine I 131 Tenatumomab": "C124996", + "Iodine I 131 TM-601": "C48263", "Iodine I 131 Tositumomab": "C2444", "Iodine I-131": "C1639", "Ioflubenzamide I-131": "C80056", @@ -1991,6 +2009,9 @@ "Ipilimumab": "C2654", "Ipomeanol": "C976", "Iproplatin": "C1070", + "iPSC-derived CD16-expressing Natural Killer Cells FT516": "C164140", + "iPSC-derived Natural Killer Cells FT500": "C158438", + "IRAK4 Inhibitor CA-4948": "C148455", "Iratumumab": "C26441", "Iridium Ir 192": "C104270", "Irinotecan": "C62040", @@ -2006,9 +2027,10 @@ "Isotretinoin": "C603", "Ispinesib": "C38131", "Ispinesib Mesylate": "C77518", + "ISS 1018 CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide": "C61080", "Itacitinib": "C116855", "Itacitinib Adipate": "C158906", - "Itraconazole": "", + "ITK Inhibitor CPI-818": "C162010", "Itraconazole Dispersion In Polymer Matrix": "C104048", "Ivosidenib": "C114383", "Ixabepilone": "C37452", @@ -2021,33 +2043,20 @@ "JAK2 Inhibitor BMS-911543": "C95702", "JAK2 Inhibitor XL019": "C90573", "JAK2/Src Inhibitor NS-018": "C98109", - "JNK Inhibitor CC-401": "C49095", "Jin Fu Kang": "C61316", + "JNK Inhibitor CC-401": "C49095", + "Kanglaite": "C91705", + "Ketoconazole": "C605", + "Ketotrexate": "C77403", "KRAS G12C Inhibitor MRTX849": "C157493", "KRAS Mutant-targeting AMG 510": "C154287", "KRAS-MAPK Signaling Pathway Inhibitor JAB-3312": "C164218", "KRN5500": "C1614", "KSP Inhibitor AZD4877": "C64522", "KSP Inhibitor SB-743921": "C52199", - "Kanglaite": "C91705", - "Ketoconazole": "C605", - "Ketotrexate": "C77403", "Kunecatechins Ointment": "C67049", "L-Gossypol": "C62178", "L-methylfolate": "C107240", - "LMB-1 Immunotoxin": "C2499", - "LMB-2 Immunotoxin": "C2513", - "LMB-7 Immunotoxin": "C1619", - "LMB-9 Immunotoxin": "C2472", - "LMP-2:340-349 Peptide Vaccine": "C62767", - "LMP-2:419-427 Peptide Vaccine": "C62768", - "LOXL2 Inhibitor PAT-1251": "C160691", - "LRP5/6 Antagonist BI 905677": "C165553", - "LSD1 Inhibitor CC-90011": "C131303", - "LSD1 Inhibitor GSK2879552": "C113646", - "LSD1 Inhibitor IMG-7289": "C131827", - "LSD1 Inhibitor RO7051790": "C131908", - "LV.IL-2/B7.1-Transduced AML Blast Vaccine RFUSIN2-AML1": "C78832", "Labetuzumab Govitecan": "C95710", "Lactoferrin-derived Lytic Peptide LTX-315": "C90547", "Lacutamab": "C124999", @@ -2093,8 +2102,8 @@ "Licartin": "C104275", "Licorice": "C61436", "Lifastuzumab Vedotin": "C116747", - "Light-Emitting Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus GL-ONC1": "C79833", "Light-activated AU-011": "C137951", + "Light-Emitting Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus GL-ONC1": "C79833", "Limonene, (+)-": "C61714", "Limonene, (+/-)-": "C61709", "Linifanib": "C71759", @@ -2105,9 +2114,10 @@ "Liothyronine I-131": "C2396", "Liothyronine Sodium": "C2581", "Lipid Encapsulated Anti-PLK1 siRNA TKM-PLK1": "C116889", - "Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated OX40L mRNA-2416": "C142137", "Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated mRNAs Encoding Human IL-12A/IL-12B MEDI-1191": "C160867", + "Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated OX40L mRNA-2416": "C142137", "Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating mRNAs Encoding Human OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNA-2752": "C157247", + "Liposomal c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide": "C95718", "Liposomal Curcumin": "C116322", "Liposomal Cytarabine": "C2388", "Liposomal Daunorubicin Citrate": "C2213", @@ -2115,32 +2125,36 @@ "Liposomal Eribulin Mesylate": "C111899", "Liposomal HPV-16 E6/E7 Multipeptide Vaccine PDS0101": "C111688", "Liposomal Irinotecan": "C82676", - "Liposomal MUC1/PET-lipid A Vaccine ONT-10": "C101262", "Liposomal Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride": "C116064", + "Liposomal MUC1/PET-lipid A Vaccine ONT-10": "C101262", "Liposomal NDDP": "C1383", "Liposomal Rhenium Re 186": "C107679", "Liposomal SN-38": "C95717", "Liposomal Topotecan FF-10850": "C165505", "Liposomal Vinorelbine": "C62790", "Liposomal Vinorelbine Tartrate": "C135619", - "Liposomal c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide": "C95718", - "Liposome": "", - "Liposome-Encapsulated Doxorubicin Citrate": "C61317", "Liposome-encapsulated Daunorubicin-Cytarabine": "C67504", + "Liposome-Encapsulated Doxorubicin Citrate": "C61317", + "Liposome-encapsulated miR-34 Mimic MRX34": "C105802", "Liposome-encapsulated OSI-7904": "C38694", "Liposome-encapsulated RB94 Plasmid DNA Gene Therapy Agent SGT-94": "C106271", - "Liposome-encapsulated miR-34 Mimic MRX34": "C105802", "Lirilumab": "C103820", "Lisavanbulin": "C97664", "Lisocabtagene Maraleucel": "C125192", "Listeria monocytogenes-LLO-PSA Vaccine ADXS31-142": "C120103", "Litronesib": "C88328", - "Live-Attenuated Listeria Encoding Human Mesothelin Vaccine CRS-207": "C74055", "Live-attenuated Double-deleted Listeria monocytogenes Bacteria JNJ-64041809": "C125631", + "Live-Attenuated Listeria Encoding Human Mesothelin Vaccine CRS-207": "C74055", "Live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes-encoding EGFRvIII-NY-ESO-1 Vaccine ADU-623": "C111998", "Liver X Receptor beta Agonist RGX-104": "C131910", "Lm-tLLO-neoantigens Vaccine ADXS-NEO": "C148380", + "LMB-1 Immunotoxin": "C2499", + "LMB-2 Immunotoxin": "C2513", + "LMB-7 Immunotoxin": "C1619", + "LMB-9 Immunotoxin": "C2472", "LmddA-LLO-chHER2 Fusion Protein-secreting Live-attenuated Listeria Cancer Vaccine ADXS31-164": "C121541", + "LMP-2:340-349 Peptide Vaccine": "C62767", + "LMP-2:419-427 Peptide Vaccine": "C62768", "Lobaplatin": "C1434", "Lometrexol": "C979", "Lometrexol Sodium": "C90623", @@ -2157,6 +2171,12 @@ "Losoxantrone": "C1521", "Losoxantrone Hydrochloride": "C72077", "Lovastatin": "C620", + "LOXL2 Inhibitor PAT-1251": "C160691", + "LRP5/6 Antagonist BI 905677": "C165553", + "LSD1 Inhibitor CC-90011": "C131303", + "LSD1 Inhibitor GSK2879552": "C113646", + "LSD1 Inhibitor IMG-7289": "C131827", + "LSD1 Inhibitor RO7051790": "C131908", "Lucanthone": "C83925", "Lucatumumab": "C48405", "Lucitanib": "C95726", @@ -2167,9 +2187,9 @@ "Lurtotecan": "C1610", "Lurtotecan Liposome": "C1876", "Lutetium Lu 177 Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1": "C142176", + "Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-biotin": "C113801", "Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-N3-CTT1403": "C158044", "Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-Tetulomab": "C105403", - "Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-biotin": "C113801", "Lutetium Lu 177 Dotatate": "C95020", "Lutetium Lu 177 Lilotomab-satetraxetan": "C162565", "Lutetium Lu 177 Monoclonal Antibody CC49": "C2598", @@ -2184,82 +2204,51 @@ "Lutetium Lu-177 Girentuximab": "C66978", "Lutetium Lu-177 PSMA-R2": "C150467", "Lutetium Lu-177 Rituximab": "C162563", + "LV.IL-2/B7.1-Transduced AML Blast Vaccine RFUSIN2-AML1": "C78832", "Lyophilized Black Raspberry Lozenge": "C99163", "Lyophilized Black Raspberry Saliva Substitute": "C99164", "Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Inhibitor INCB059872": "C126421", "Lyso-Thermosensitive Liposome Doxorubicin": "C61571", + "Macimorelin": "C95123", + "Macitentan": "C87728", + "Maekmoondong-tang": "C154567", + "Mafosfamide": "C1150", "MAGE-10.A2": "C2681", "MAGE-A3 Multipeptide Vaccine GL-0817": "C129968", "MAGE-A3 Peptide Vaccine": "C91710", "MAGE-A3-specific Immunotherapeutic GSK 2132231A": "C123649", "MAGE-A4-specific TCR Gene-transduced Autologous T Lymphocytes TBI-1201": "C114978", - "MALT1 Inhibitor JNJ-67856633": "C160147", - "MARCKS Protein Inhibitor BIO-11006": "C156733", - "MAT2A Inhibitor AG-270": "C153180", - "MCL-1 Inhibitor AMG 176": "C127817", - "MCL-1 inhibitor AMG 397": "C156740", - "MDM2 Antagonist ASTX295": "C162749", - "MDM2 Antagonist RO5045337": "C91724", - "MDM2 Antagonist RO6839921": "C114980", - "MDM2 Inhibitor AMG-232": "C116624", - "MDM2 Inhibitor BI 907828": "C156709", - "MDM2 Inhibitor KRT-232": "C156415", - "MDM2/MDMX Inhibitor ALRN-6924": "C118669", - "MDR Modulator CBT-1": "C67042", - "MEK 1/2 Inhibitor AS703988/MSC2015103B": "C98832", - "MEK Inhibitor AZD8330": "C69143", - "MEK Inhibitor CI-1040": "C2670", - "MEK Inhibitor GDC-0623": "C95738", - "MEK Inhibitor PD0325901": "C52195", - "MEK Inhibitor RO4987655": "C82696", - "MEK Inhibitor SHR 7390": "C150680", - "MEK Inhibitor TAK-733": "C84858", - "MEK Inhibitor WX-554": "C101532", - "MEK inhibitor CS3006": "C155971", - "MEK-1/MEKK-1 Inhibitor E6201": "C79848", - "MEK/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor BI 847325": "C106126", - "MELK Inhibitor OTS167": "C111569", - "MET Kinase Inhibitor OMO-1": "C148537", - "MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-777607": "C74060", - "MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor EMD 1204831": "C91097", - "MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-04217903": "C78483", - "MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SAR125844": "C97511", - "MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SGX523": "C74062", - "MK0731": "C49174", - "MKC-1": "C2507", - "MKNK1 Inhibitor BAY 1143269": "C121956", - "MMP Inhibitor S-3304": "C2671", - "MNK1/2 Inhibitor ETC-1907206": "C153262", - "MOF Compound RiMO-301": "C148280", - "MOv-gamma Chimeric Receptor Gene": "C2638", - "MTF-1 Inhibitor APTO-253 HCl": "C95724", - "MUC1-targeted Peptide GO-203-2C": "C95722", - "MVA Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine MVA-209-FSP": "C162806", - "MVA-FCU1 TG4023": "C88279", - "MVX-1-loaded Macrocapsule/autologous Tumor Cell Vaccine MVX-ONCO-1": "C123382", - "MYC-targeting siRNA DCR-MYC": "C115108", - "Macimorelin": "C95123", - "Macitentan": "C87728", - "Maekmoondong-tang": "C154567", - "Mafosfamide": "C1150", "Magnesium Valproate": "C71156", + "MALT1 Inhibitor JNJ-67856633": "C160147", "Mannosulfan": "C83904", "Mannosylerythritol Lipid": "C1990", "Mapatumumab": "C61502", "Maraba Oncolytic Virus Expressing Mutant HPV E6/E7": "C157776", "Marcellomycin": "C1152", + "MARCKS Protein Inhibitor BIO-11006": "C156733", "Margetuximab": "C91733", "Marimastat": "C1652", "Marizomib": "C64634", "Masitinib Mesylate": "C79831", "Masoprocol": "C701", + "MAT2A Inhibitor AG-270": "C153180", "Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor MMI270": "C2045", "Matuzumab": "C2012", "Mavelertinib": "C120307", "Mavorixafor": "C126660", "Maytansine": "C626", + "MCL-1 Inhibitor AMG 176": "C127817", + "MCL-1 inhibitor AMG 397": "C156740", "Mcl-1 Inhibitor AZD5991": "C137989", "Mcl-1 Inhibitor MIK665": "C133174", + "MDM2 Antagonist ASTX295": "C162749", + "MDM2 Antagonist RO5045337": "C91724", + "MDM2 Antagonist RO6839921": "C114980", + "MDM2 Inhibitor AMG-232": "C116624", + "MDM2 Inhibitor BI 907828": "C156709", + "MDM2 Inhibitor KRT-232": "C156415", + "MDM2/MDMX Inhibitor ALRN-6924": "C118669", + "MDR Modulator CBT-1": "C67042", "Mechlorethamine": "C62056", "Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride": "C627", "Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride Gel": "C119736", @@ -2267,9 +2256,22 @@ "Medroxyprogesterone": "C629", "Medroxyprogesterone Acetate": "C1155", "Megestrol Acetate": "C1156", + "MEK 1/2 Inhibitor AS703988/MSC2015103B": "C98832", + "MEK Inhibitor AZD8330": "C69143", + "MEK Inhibitor CI-1040": "C2670", + "MEK inhibitor CS3006": "C155971", + "MEK Inhibitor GDC-0623": "C95738", + "MEK Inhibitor PD0325901": "C52195", + "MEK Inhibitor RO4987655": "C82696", + "MEK Inhibitor SHR 7390": "C150680", + "MEK Inhibitor TAK-733": "C84858", + "MEK Inhibitor WX-554": "C101532", + "MEK-1/MEKK-1 Inhibitor E6201": "C79848", + "MEK/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor BI 847325": "C106126", "Melanoma Monoclonal Antibody hIgG2A": "C29178", "Melanoma TRP2 CTL Epitope Vaccine SCIB1": "C91380", "Melapuldencel-T": "C120183", + "MELK Inhibitor OTS167": "C111569", "Melphalan": "C633", "Melphalan Flufenamide": "C107680", "Melphalan Hydrochloride": "C48002", @@ -2284,9 +2286,15 @@ "Merestinib": "C95729", "Mesna": "C192", "Mesothelin/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN536": "C162935", + "MET Kinase Inhibitor OMO-1": "C148537", + "MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-777607": "C74060", + "MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor EMD 1204831": "C91097", + "MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-04217903": "C78483", + "MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SAR125844": "C97511", + "MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SGX523": "C74062", + "Metamelfalan": "C83946", "MetAP2 Inhibitor APL-1202": "C162480", "MetAP2 Inhibitor SDX-7320": "C128030", - "Metamelfalan": "C83946", "Metatinib Tromethamine": "C113294", "Metformin": "C61612", "Metformin Hydrochloride": "C29251", @@ -2352,9 +2360,15 @@ "Mivobulin": "C87698", "Mivobulin Isethionate": "C1357", "Mixed Bacteria Vaccine": "C74063", + "MK0731": "C49174", + "MKC-1": "C2507", + "MKNK1 Inhibitor BAY 1143269": "C121956", + "MMP Inhibitor S-3304": "C2671", + "MNK1/2 Inhibitor ETC-1907206": "C153262", "Mocetinostat": "C62521", "Modified Vitamin D Binding Protein Macrophage Activator EF-022": "C131824", "Modotuximab": "C152075", + "MOF Compound RiMO-301": "C148280", "Mofarotene": "C63667", "Mogamulizumab": "C62510", "Molibresib": "C101538", @@ -2376,9 +2390,9 @@ "Monoclonal Antibody A1G4 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine": "C2436", "Monoclonal Antibody A27.15": "C2447", "Monoclonal Antibody A33": "C2410", + "Monoclonal Antibody AbGn-7": "C99162", "Monoclonal Antibody AK002": "C129591", "Monoclonal Antibody ASP1948": "C156402", - "Monoclonal Antibody AbGn-7": "C99162", "Monoclonal Antibody CAL": "C2659", "Monoclonal Antibody CC49-delta CH2": "C2698", "Monoclonal Antibody CEP-37250/KHK2804": "C98296", @@ -2390,20 +2404,20 @@ "Monoclonal Antibody Hu3S193": "C2547", "Monoclonal Antibody HuAFP31": "C48407", "Monoclonal Antibody HuHMFG1": "C38697", + "Monoclonal Antibody huJ591": "C2652", "Monoclonal Antibody HuPAM4": "C48408", "Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-14": "C29224", "Monoclonal Antibody L6": "C2372", "Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1": "C1561", - "Monoclonal Antibody MX35 F(ab')2": "C2417", + "Monoclonal Antibody m170": "C1959", "Monoclonal Antibody Me1-14 F(ab')2": "C2409", + "Monoclonal Antibody muJ591": "C2476", + "Monoclonal Antibody MX35 F(ab')2": "C2417", "Monoclonal Antibody NEO-201": "C156398", "Monoclonal Antibody R24": "C2349", "Monoclonal Antibody RAV12": "C48409", "Monoclonal Antibody SGN-14": "C2005", "Monoclonal Antibody TRK-950": "C142826", - "Monoclonal Antibody huJ591": "C2652", - "Monoclonal Antibody m170": "C1959", - "Monoclonal Antibody muJ591": "C2476", "Monoclonal Microbial EDP1503": "C155907", "Monoclonal T-cell Receptor Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMCgp100": "C94208", "Monomethyl Auristatin E": "C122637", @@ -2416,9 +2430,29 @@ "Motexafin Gadolinium": "C1881", "Motexafin Lutetium": "C1651", "Motolimod": "C80521", + "MOv-gamma Chimeric Receptor Gene": "C2638", "Moxetumomab Pasudotox": "C68819", "Mps1 Inhibitor BAY 1217389": "C122707", "Mps1 Inhibitor BOS172722": "C155895", + "mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine mRNA-4157": "C146813", + "mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine NCI-4650": "C148239", + "mRNA-based TriMix Melanoma Vaccine ECI-006": "C154274", + "mRNA-based Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine GRT-R902": "C156926", + "mRNA-derived KRAS-targeted Vaccine V941": "C162186", + "mRNA-derived Lung Cancer Vaccine BI 1361849": "C111574", + "mRNA-Derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9103": "C82654", + "mRNA-derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9104": "C106231", + "MTF-1 Inhibitor APTO-253 HCl": "C95724", + "mTOR Inhibitor GDC-0349": "C133227", + "mTOR Kinase Inhibitor AZD8055": "C78856", + "mTOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-223": "C92575", + "mTOR Kinase Inhibitor OSI-027": "C78476", + "mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PP242": "C128632", + "mTOR1/2 Kinase Inhibitor ME-344": "C101132", + "mTORC 1/2 Inhibitor LXI-15029": "C148528", + "mTORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor BI 860585": "C122836", + "mTORC1/mTORC2/DHFR Inhibitor ABTL0812": "C117290", + "MUC1-targeted Peptide GO-203-2C": "C95722", "Mucoadhesive Paclitaxel Formulation": "C107188", "Multi-AGC Kinase Inhibitor AT13148": "C101786", "Multi-epitope Anti-folate Receptor Peptide Vaccine TPIV 200": "C128898", @@ -2440,28 +2474,24 @@ "Mutant IDH1 Inhibitor DS-1001": "C148134", "Mutant p53 Activator COTI-2": "C121951", "Mutant-selective EGFR Inhibitor PF-06459988": "C119624", + "MVA Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine MVA-209-FSP": "C162806", + "MVA-FCU1 TG4023": "C88279", + "MVX-1-loaded Macrocapsule/autologous Tumor Cell Vaccine MVX-ONCO-1": "C123382", + "MYC-targeting siRNA DCR-MYC": "C115108", "Mycobacterium tuberculosis Arabinomannan Z-100": "C118445", "Mycobacterium w": "C70969", "Mycophenolic Acid": "C673", - "N,N-Dibenzyl Daunomycin": "C2084", "N-(5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl)-N-(4-(4-pyridinyl)oxyphenyl) Urea": "C44168", "N-Methylformamide": "C1163", + "N,N-Dibenzyl Daunomycin": "C2084", "NA17-A Antigen": "C37450", "NA17.A2 Peptide Vaccine": "C2680", - "NAMPT Inhibitor OT-82": "C162742", - "NEDD8 Activating Enzyme E1 Inhibitor TAS4464": "C136418", - "NG-nitro-L-arginine": "C96232", - "NLRP3 Agonist BMS-986299": "C155945", - "NTRK/ROS1 Inhibitor DS-6051b": "C118948", - "NY-ESO-1 Plasmid DNA Cancer Vaccine pPJV7611": "C62452", - "NY-ESO-1-specific TCR Gene-transduced T Lymphocytes TBI-1301": "C120557", - "NY-ESO-1/GLA-SE Vaccine ID-G305": "C113432", - "NY-ESO-B": "C26680", "Nab-paclitaxel": "C2688", "Nab-paclitaxel/Rituximab-coated Nanoparticle AR160": "C131213", "Nadofaragene Firadenovec": "C71011", "Namirotene": "C83981", "Namodenoson": "C79826", + "NAMPT Inhibitor OT-82": "C162742", "Nanafrocin": "C72594", "Nanatinostat": "C78475", "Nanocell-encapsulated miR-16-based microRNA Mimic": "C121214", @@ -2487,8 +2517,10 @@ "Navy Bean Powder": "C111687", "Naxitamab": "C123428", "Nazartinib": "C115109", + "ncmtRNA Oligonucleotide Andes-1537": "C123825", "Necitumumab": "C88281", "Nedaplatin": "C61099", + "NEDD8 Activating Enzyme E1 Inhibitor TAS4464": "C136418", "Nedisertib": "C120036", "Nelarabine": "C1704", "Nelipepimut-S": "C117985", @@ -2496,15 +2528,16 @@ "Nemorubicin": "C83999", "Nemorubicin Hydrochloride": "C84000", "Neoantigen Vaccine GEN-009": "C162874", - "Neoantigen-HSP70 Peptide Cancer Vaccine AGEN2017": "C135018", "Neoantigen-based Glioblastoma Vaccine": "C118960", "Neoantigen-based Melanoma-Poly-ICLC Vaccine": "C112003", "Neoantigen-based Renal Cell Carcinoma-Poly-ICLC Vaccine": "C158694", "Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-C903": "C165514", "Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-R904": "C165515", + "Neoantigen-HSP70 Peptide Cancer Vaccine AGEN2017": "C135018", "Neratinib": "C49094", "Neratinib Maleate": "C136891", "Nesvacumab": "C95712", + "NG-nitro-L-arginine": "C96232", "Niacinamide": "C2327", "Niclosamide": "C66240", "Nicotinamide Riboside": "C158078", @@ -2528,6 +2561,7 @@ "Nitrogen Mustard Prodrug PR-104": "C61590", "Nitroglycerin Transdermal Patch": "C103272", "Nivolumab": "C68814", + "NLRP3 Agonist BMS-986299": "C155945", "Nocodazole": "C75228", "Nogalamycin": "C700", "Nolatrexed Dihydrochloride": "C1577", @@ -2540,16 +2574,19 @@ "Not Otherwise Specified": "C19594", "Notch Signaling Inhibitor PF-06650808": "C118569", "Notch Signaling Pathway Inhibitor MK0752": "C49175", + "NTRK/ROS1 Inhibitor DS-6051b": "C118948", "Nucleolin Antagonist IPP-204106N": "C103297", "Nucleoside Analog DFP-10917": "C116744", "Nucleotide Analog Prodrug NUC-3373": "C156680", "Nucleotide Analogue GS 9219": "C71742", "Nutlin-3a": "C74594", "Nutraceutical TBL-12": "C96036", + "NY-ESO-1 Plasmid DNA Cancer Vaccine pPJV7611": "C62452", + "NY-ESO-1-specific TCR Gene-transduced T Lymphocytes TBI-1301": "C120557", + "NY-ESO-1/GLA-SE Vaccine ID-G305": "C113432", + "NY-ESO-B": "C26680", "O-Chloroacetylcarbamoylfumagillol": "C1298", "O6-Benzylguanine": "C1306", - "OPCs/Green Tea/Spirullina/Curcumin/Antrodia Camphorate/Fermented Soymilk Extract Capsule": "C90545", - "OX40L-expressing Oncolytic Adenovirus DNX-2440": "C160192", "Obatoclax Mesylate": "C62771", "Obinutuzumab": "C70741", "Oblimersen Sodium": "C66722", @@ -2592,6 +2629,7 @@ "Ontuxizumab": "C82406", "Onvansertib": "C143162", "Opaganib": "C98278", + "OPCs/Green Tea/Spirullina/Curcumin/Antrodia Camphorate/Fermented Soymilk Extract Capsule": "C90545", "Opioid Growth Factor": "C48413", "Oportuzumab Monatox": "C61307", "Oprozomib": "C91388", @@ -2621,7 +2659,7 @@ "Ovapuldencel-T": "C113651", "Ovarian Cancer Stem Cell/hTERT/Survivin mRNAs-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine DC-006": "C96739", "Ovine Submaxillary Mucin": "C2350", - "OxPhos Inhibitor VLX600": "C118283", + "OX40L-expressing Oncolytic Adenovirus DNX-2440": "C160192", "Oxaliplatin": "C1181", "Oxaliplatin-Encapsulated Transferrin-Conjugated N-glutaryl Phosphatidylethanolamine Liposome": "C91074", "Oxcarbazepine": "C47643", @@ -2629,101 +2667,37 @@ "Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IACS-010759": "C130012", "Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IM156": "C153372", "Oxidopamine": "C1316", + "OxPhos Inhibitor VLX600": "C118283", "Ozarelix": "C95214", - "P-TEFb Inhibitor BAY1143572": "C121456", "P-cadherin Antagonist PF-03732010": "C91723", "P-cadherin Inhibitor PCA062": "C121216", "P-cadherin-targeting Agent PF-06671008": "C125607", "P-p68 Inhibitor RX-5902": "C113293", - "PAK4 Inhibitor PF-03758309": "C84841", - "PAK4/NAMPT Inhibitor KPT-9274": "C126646", - "PARP 1/2 Inhibitor NOV1401": "C154560", - "PARP Inhibitor AZD2461": "C95201", - "PARP Inhibitor CEP-9722": "C84880", - "PARP Inhibitor E7016": "C91387", - "PARP-1/2 Inhibitor ABT-767": "C96795", - "PARP/Tankyrase Inhibitor 2X-121": "C102746", - "PBN Derivative OKN-007": "C102983", - "PCNU": "C1186", - "PD-1 Directed Probody CX-188": "C160716", - "PD-1 Inhibitor": "C124946", - "PD-L1 Inhibitor INCB086550": "C158532", - "PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA Antagonist CA-170": "C129594", - "PDK1 Inhibitor AR-12": "C88271", - "PE/HPV16 E7/KDEL Fusion Protein/GPI-0100 TVGV-1": "C126276", - "PEG-PEI-cholesterol Lipopolymer-encased IL-12 DNA Plasmid Vector GEN-1": "C49178", - "PEG-Proline-Interferon Alfa-2b": "C111892", - "PEG-interleukin-2": "C1304", - "PEOX-based Polymer Encapsulated Paclitaxel FID-007": "C148635", - "PEP-3-KLH Conjugate Vaccine": "C74070", - "PGG Beta-Glucan": "C78463", - "PGLA/PEG Copolymer-Based Paclitaxel": "C71692", - "PH20 Hyaluronidase-expressing Adenovirus VCN-01": "C113790", - "PI3K Alpha/Beta Inhibitor BAY1082439": "C103861", - "PI3K Alpha/mTOR Inhibitor PWT33597 Mesylate": "C97915", - "PI3K Inhibitor ACP-319": "C118568", - "PI3K Inhibitor BGT226": "C74073", - "PI3K Inhibitor GDC-0084": "C116877", - "PI3K Inhibitor GDC0077": "C132166", - "PI3K Inhibitor GSK1059615": "C78470", - "PI3K Inhibitor WX-037": "C107386", - "PI3K Inhibitor ZSTK474": "C95723", - "PI3K p110beta/delta Inhibitor KA2237": "C126271", - "PI3K-alpha Inhibitor MEN1611": "C158603", - "PI3K-beta Inhibitor GSK2636771": "C106261", - "PI3K-beta Inhibitor SAR260301": "C116882", - "PI3K-delta Inhibitor AMG 319": "C95891", - "PI3K-delta Inhibitor HMPL 689": "C148532", - "PI3K-delta Inhibitor INCB050465": "C113434", - "PI3K-delta Inhibitor PWT143": "C123925", - "PI3K-delta Inhibitor SHC014748M": "C165266", - "PI3K-delta Inhibitor YY-20394": "C158508", - "PI3K-gamma Inhibitor IPI-549": "C125471", - "PI3K/BET Inhibitor LY294002": "C148229", - "PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor DS-7423": "C97254", - "PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PF-04691502": "C84837", - "PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor VS-5584": "C112497", - "PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor WXFL10030390": "C159499", - "PI3K/mTOR/ALK-1/DNA-PK Inhibitor P7170": "C104292", - "PI3K/mTORC1/mTORC2 Inhibitor DCBCI0901": "C116351", - "PI3Ka/mTOR Inhibitor PKI-179": "C90291", - "PI3Kalpha Inhibitor AZD8835": "C118624", - "PI3Kbeta Inhibitor AZD8186": "C107684", - "PI3Kdelta Inhibitor GS-9901": "C121374", - "PIM Kinase Inhibitor LGH447": "C106259", - "PIM Kinase Inhibitor SGI-1776": "C82404", - "PIM Kinase Inhibitor TP-3654": "C160203", - "PIM/FLT3 Kinase Inhibitor SEL24": "C133540", - "PKA Regulatory Subunit RIalpha Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 231": "C1810", - "PKC-alpha Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide ISIS 3521": "C1788", - "PKC-beta Inhibitor MS-553": "C148422", - "PLK1 Inhibitor CYC140": "C162375", - "PLK1 Inhibitor TAK-960": "C92587", - "PR1 Leukemia Peptide Vaccine": "C2235", - "PRAME-targeting T-cell Receptor/Inducible Caspase 9 BPX-701": "C128029", - "PRIMA-1 Analog APR-246": "C85465", - "PRMT1 Inhibitor GSK3368715": "C156759", - "PRMT5 Inhibitor JNJ-64619178": "C163980", - "PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF Vaccine": "C114289", - "PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmid INO-5150": "C123283", - "PSMA-targeted Docetaxel Nanoparticles BIND-014": "C95892", - "PSMA-targeted Tubulysin B-containing Conjugate EC1169": "C117291", - "PSMA/CD3 Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN424": "C156681", - "PTEF-b/CDK9 Inhibitor BAY1251152": "C128266", - "PVA Microporous Hydrospheres/Doxorubicin Hydrochloride": "C71149", + "P-TEFb Inhibitor BAY1143572": "C121456", + "p300/CBP Bromodomain Inhibitor CCS1477": "C160195", + "p38 MAPK Inhibitor LY3007113": "C99134", + "p53 Peptide Vaccine MPS-128": "C1986", + "p53-HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor MI-773": "C106120", + "p53-HDM2 Protein-protein Interaction Inhibitor APG-115": "C132991", + "p53/HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor CGM097": "C104280", + "p70S6K Inhibitor LY2584702": "C91393", + "p70S6K/Akt Inhibitor MSC2363318A": "C112004", + "p97 Inhibitor CB-5083": "C118287", "Paclitaxel": "C1411", "Paclitaxel Ceribate": "C96934", "Paclitaxel Injection Concentrate for Nanodispersion": "C96037", "Paclitaxel Liposome": "C2631", - "Paclitaxel PPE Microspheres": "C2785", "Paclitaxel Poliglumex": "C1795", "Paclitaxel Polymeric Micelle Formulation NANT-008": "C148531", + "Paclitaxel PPE Microspheres": "C2785", "Paclitaxel Trevatide": "C99461", "Paclitaxel Vitamin E-Based Emulsion": "C61079", "Paclitaxel-Loaded Polymeric Micelle": "C48415", "Pacritinib": "C78837", "Padeliporfin": "C78481", "Padoporfin": "C61321", + "PAK4 Inhibitor PF-03758309": "C84841", + "PAK4/NAMPT Inhibitor KPT-9274": "C126646", "Palbociclib": "C49176", "Palbociclib Isethionate": "C120259", "Palifosfamide": "C66990", @@ -2733,15 +2707,24 @@ "Pamidronate Disodium": "C1345", "Pamidronic Acid": "C61875", "Pamiparib": "C120553", + "pan FGFR Inhibitor PRN1371": "C124931", "Pan HER/VEGFR2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-690514": "C68832", "Pan-AKT Inhibitor ARQ751": "C128250", "Pan-AKT Kinase Inhibitor GSK690693": "C71711", "Pan-FGFR Inhibitor LY2874455": "C139004", "Pan-FLT3/Pan-BTK Multi-kinase Inhibitor CG-806": "C162573", + "pan-HER Kinase Inhibitor AC480": "C48380", "Pan-IDH Mutant Inhibitor AG-881": "C122874", "Pan-Mutant-IDH1 Inhibitor Bay-1436032": "C131690", + "pan-PI3K Inhibitor CLR457": "C117230", + "pan-PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor SF1126": "C85469", "Pan-PIM Inhibitor INCB053914": "C124226", + "pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1208": "C99380", + "pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor NVP-LGB-321": "C128615", + "pan-RAF Inhibitor LXH254": "C125003", "Pan-RAF Inhibitor LY3009120": "C116861", + "pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor CCT3833": "C121952", + "pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor TAK-580": "C106254", "Pan-RAR Agonist/AP-1 Inhibitor LGD 1550": "C2062", "Pan-TRK Inhibitor ONO-7579": "C140379", "Pan-VEGFR/TIE2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CEP-11981": "C82379", @@ -2750,6 +2733,12 @@ "Panobinostat": "C66948", "Panobinostat Nanoparticle Formulation MTX110": "C150717", "Paricalcitol": "C38693", + "PARP 1/2 Inhibitor NOV1401": "C154560", + "PARP Inhibitor AZD2461": "C95201", + "PARP Inhibitor CEP-9722": "C84880", + "PARP Inhibitor E7016": "C91387", + "PARP-1/2 Inhibitor ABT-767": "C96795", + "PARP/Tankyrase Inhibitor 2X-121": "C102746", "Parsatuzumab": "C90567", "Parvovirus H-1": "C96229", "Pasireotide": "C69131", @@ -2760,6 +2749,19 @@ "Patupilone": "C1623", "Pazopanib": "C74547", "Pazopanib Hydrochloride": "C60779", + "pbi-shRNA STMN1 Lipoplex": "C99639", + "PBN Derivative OKN-007": "C102983", + "PCNU": "C1186", + "PD-1 Directed Probody CX-188": "C160716", + "PD-1 Inhibitor": "C124946", + "PD-L1 Inhibitor INCB086550": "C158532", + "PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA Antagonist CA-170": "C129594", + "PDK1 Inhibitor AR-12": "C88271", + "pDNA-encoding Emm55 Autologous Cancer Cell Vaccine IFx-Hu2.0": "C157262", + "PE/HPV16 E7/KDEL Fusion Protein/GPI-0100 TVGV-1": "C126276", + "PEG-interleukin-2": "C1304", + "PEG-PEI-cholesterol Lipopolymer-encased IL-12 DNA Plasmid Vector GEN-1": "C49178", + "PEG-Proline-Interferon Alfa-2b": "C111892", "Pegargiminase": "C91702", "Pegaspargase": "C1200", "Pegdinetanib": "C62791", @@ -2798,6 +2800,8 @@ "Pentamustine": "C66341", "Pentostatin": "C732", "Pentoxifylline": "C733", + "PEOX-based Polymer Encapsulated Paclitaxel FID-007": "C148635", + "PEP-3-KLH Conjugate Vaccine": "C74070", "Pepinemab": "C96222", "Peplomycin": "C1399", "Peplomycin Sulfate": "C1400", @@ -2819,6 +2823,9 @@ "Pexastimogene Devacirepvec": "C71533", "Pexidartinib": "C88303", "Pexmetinib": "C85481", + "PGG Beta-Glucan": "C78463", + "PGLA/PEG Copolymer-Based Paclitaxel": "C71692", + "PH20 Hyaluronidase-expressing Adenovirus VCN-01": "C113790", "Phaleria macrocarpa Extract DLBS-1425": "C91739", "Pharmacological Ascorbate": "C156461", "Phellodendron amurense Bark Extract": "C103230", @@ -2835,6 +2842,37 @@ "Phosphorus P-32": "C1698", "Photosensitizer LUZ 11": "C114382", "Phytochlorin Sodium-Polyvinylpyrrolidone Complex": "C126802", + "PI3K Alpha/Beta Inhibitor BAY1082439": "C103861", + "PI3K Alpha/mTOR Inhibitor PWT33597 Mesylate": "C97915", + "PI3K Inhibitor ACP-319": "C118568", + "PI3K Inhibitor BGT226": "C74073", + "PI3K Inhibitor GDC-0084": "C116877", + "PI3K Inhibitor GDC0077": "C132166", + "PI3K Inhibitor GSK1059615": "C78470", + "PI3K Inhibitor WX-037": "C107386", + "PI3K Inhibitor ZSTK474": "C95723", + "PI3K p110beta/delta Inhibitor KA2237": "C126271", + "PI3K-alpha Inhibitor MEN1611": "C158603", + "PI3K-beta Inhibitor GSK2636771": "C106261", + "PI3K-beta Inhibitor SAR260301": "C116882", + "PI3K-delta Inhibitor AMG 319": "C95891", + "PI3K-delta Inhibitor HMPL 689": "C148532", + "PI3K-delta Inhibitor INCB050465": "C113434", + "PI3K-delta Inhibitor PWT143": "C123925", + "PI3K-delta Inhibitor SHC014748M": "C165266", + "PI3K-delta Inhibitor YY-20394": "C158508", + "PI3K-gamma Inhibitor IPI-549": "C125471", + "PI3K/BET Inhibitor LY294002": "C148229", + "PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor DS-7423": "C97254", + "PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PF-04691502": "C84837", + "PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor VS-5584": "C112497", + "PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor WXFL10030390": "C159499", + "PI3K/mTOR/ALK-1/DNA-PK Inhibitor P7170": "C104292", + "PI3K/mTORC1/mTORC2 Inhibitor DCBCI0901": "C116351", + "PI3Ka/mTOR Inhibitor PKI-179": "C90291", + "PI3Kalpha Inhibitor AZD8835": "C118624", + "PI3Kbeta Inhibitor AZD8186": "C107684", + "PI3Kdelta Inhibitor GS-9901": "C121374", "Pibenzimol": "C546", "Pibrozelesin": "C1542", "Pibrozelesin Hydrobromide": "C73816", @@ -2846,6 +2884,10 @@ "Pictilisib Bismesylate": "C82380", "Pidilizumab": "C71014", "Pilaralisib": "C71705", + "PIM Kinase Inhibitor LGH447": "C106259", + "PIM Kinase Inhibitor SGI-1776": "C82404", + "PIM Kinase Inhibitor TP-3654": "C160203", + "PIM/FLT3 Kinase Inhibitor SEL24": "C133540", "Pimasertib": "C84864", "Pingyangmycin": "C1279", "Pinometostat": "C103179", @@ -2866,8 +2908,12 @@ "Piroxantrone Hydrochloride": "C72829", "Pixantrone": "C26663", "Pixantrone Dimaleate": "C82398", + "PKA Regulatory Subunit RIalpha Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 231": "C1810", + "PKC-alpha Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide ISIS 3521": "C1788", + "PKC-beta Inhibitor MS-553": "C148422", "Placebo": "C753", "Pladienolide Derivative E7107": "C69005", + "Platinum": "C756", "Platinum Acetylacetonate-Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles": "C153425", "Platinum Compound": "C1450", "Plevitrexed": "C1629", @@ -2875,6 +2921,8 @@ "Plinabulin": "C62444", "Plitidepsin": "C1689", "Plk1 Inhibitor BI 2536": "C49091", + "PLK1 Inhibitor CYC140": "C162375", + "PLK1 Inhibitor TAK-960": "C92587", "Plocabulin": "C95888", "Plozalizumab": "C88308", "Pol I Inhibitor CX5461": "C126798", @@ -2913,8 +2961,10 @@ "Porfimer Sodium": "C1071", "Porfiromycin": "C763", "Poziotinib": "C98838", + "PR1 Leukemia Peptide Vaccine": "C2235", "Pracinostat": "C71708", "Pralatrexate": "C2250", + "PRAME-targeting T-cell Receptor/Inducible Caspase 9 BPX-701": "C128029", "Pravastatin Sodium": "C29375", "Prednimustine": "C768", "Prednisolone": "C769", @@ -2923,13 +2973,15 @@ "Prednisone": "C770", "Prexasertib": "C91392", "Prexigebersen": "C91736", + "PRIMA-1 Analog APR-246": "C85465", "Prime Cancer Vaccine MVA-BN-CV301": "C143059", "Prinomastat": "C1811", + "PRMT1 Inhibitor GSK3368715": "C156759", + "PRMT5 Inhibitor JNJ-64619178": "C163980", "Proapoptotic Sulindac Analog CP-461": "C133019", "Procarbazine": "C62072", "Procarbazine Hydrochloride": "C773", "Procaspase Activating Compound-1 VO-100": "C120318", - "Progestational IUD": "", "Prohibitin-Targeting Peptide 1": "C95709", "Prostaglandin E2 EP4 Receptor Inhibitor E7046": "C129689", "Prostate Cancer Vaccine ONY-P1": "C71723", @@ -2943,13 +2995,21 @@ "Protein Phosphatase 2A Inhibitor LB-100": "C106430", "Protein Stabilized Liposomal Docetaxel Nanoparticles": "C90534", "Proxalutamide": "C130036", + "PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF Vaccine": "C114289", + "PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmid INO-5150": "C123283", "Pseudoisocytidine": "C87389", + "PSMA-targeted Docetaxel Nanoparticles BIND-014": "C95892", + "PSMA-targeted Tubulysin B-containing Conjugate EC1169": "C117291", + "PSMA/CD3 Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN424": "C156681", + "PTEF-b/CDK9 Inhibitor BAY1251152": "C128266", "Pterostilbene": "C153353", "Pumitepa": "C73239", "Puquitinib": "C162555", "Puquitinib Mesylate": "C162556", "Puromycin": "C787", "Puromycin Hydrochloride": "C75148", + "PV-10": "C53412", + "PVA Microporous Hydrospheres/Doxorubicin Hydrochloride": "C71149", "Pyrazinamide": "C29395", "Pyrazoloacridine": "C1564", "Pyridyl Cyanoguanidine CHS 828": "C1852", @@ -2965,18 +3025,9 @@ "Quisinostat": "C77912", "Quizartinib": "C68936", "R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid": "C78348", - "RAD51 Inhibitor CYT-0851": "C165436", - "RAF Kinase Inhibitor L-779450": "C2722", - "RAF Kinase Inhibitor XL281": "C69135", - "RARalpha Agonist IRX5183": "C77899", - "RET Inhibitor DS-5010": "C158093", - "RET Mutation/Fusion Inhibitor BLU-667": "C132295", - "RFT5-dgA Immunotoxin IMTOX25": "C61498", - "RIPK1 Inhibitor GSK3145095": "C156737", - "RNR Inhibitor COH29": "C114976", - "RORgamma Agonist LYC-55716": "C131294", "Rabusertib": "C81937", "Racotumomab": "C95024", + "RAD51 Inhibitor CYT-0851": "C165436", "Radioactive Iodine": "C2462", "Radiolabeled CC49": "C2729", "Radium Ra 223 Dichloride": "C62535", @@ -2984,6 +3035,8 @@ "Radix Angelicae Sinensis/Radix Astragali Herbal Supplement": "C113297", "Radotinib Hydrochloride": "C99644", "Raf Kinase Inhibitor HM95573": "C121646", + "RAF Kinase Inhibitor L-779450": "C2722", + "RAF Kinase Inhibitor XL281": "C69135", "Ralaniten Acetate": "C124654", "Ralimetinib Mesylate": "C105853", "Raloxifene": "C1518", @@ -2994,6 +3047,7 @@ "Ranimustine": "C1515", "Ranolazine": "C66507", "Ranpirnase": "C1183", + "RARalpha Agonist IRX5183": "C77899", "Ras Inhibitor": "C1902", "Ras Peptide ASP": "C2802", "Ras Peptide CYS": "C2803", @@ -3032,19 +3086,20 @@ "Recombinant Interferon Gamma": "C583", "Recombinant Interleukin-12": "C1380", "Recombinant Interleukin-13": "C1489", + "Recombinant Interleukin-18": "C1680", "Recombinant Interleukin-2": "C587", "Recombinant Interleukin-6": "C591", "Recombinant KSA Glycoprotein CO17-1A": "C28721", "Recombinant Leukocyte Interleukin": "C2413", "Recombinant Leukoregulin": "C1143", "Recombinant Luteinizing Hormone": "C612", + "Recombinant Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor": "C1290", "Recombinant MAGE-3.1 Antigen": "C38724", "Recombinant MIP1-alpha Variant ECI301": "C98294", - "Recombinant Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor": "C1290", "Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Ankara-5T4 Vaccine": "C49087", "Recombinant Oncolytic Poliovirus PVS-RIPO": "C99459", - "Recombinant PRAME Protein Plus AS15 Adjuvant GSK2302025A": "C92586", "Recombinant Platelet Factor 4": "C2251", + "Recombinant PRAME Protein Plus AS15 Adjuvant GSK2302025A": "C92586", "Recombinant Saccharomyces Cerevisia-CEA(610D)-Expressing Vaccine GI-6207": "C82371", "Recombinant Super-compound Interferon": "C121542", "Recombinant Thyroglobulin": "C884", @@ -3069,6 +3124,8 @@ "Resminostat": "C84856", "Resveratrol": "C1215", "Resveratrol Formulation SRT501": "C85484", + "RET Inhibitor DS-5010": "C158093", + "RET Mutation/Fusion Inhibitor BLU-667": "C132295", "Retaspimycin": "C80378", "Retaspimycin Hydrochloride": "C48401", "Retelliptine": "C73241", @@ -3079,6 +3136,7 @@ "Retinyl Palmitate": "C1217", "Retrovector Encoding Mutant Anti-Cyclin G1": "C49082", "Rexinoid NRX 194204": "C74076", + "RFT5-dgA Immunotoxin IMTOX25": "C61498", "Rhenium Re 188 BMEDA-labeled Liposomes": "C118670", "Rhenium Re-186 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate": "C1562", "Rhenium Re-188 Ethiodized Oil": "C91390", @@ -3100,15 +3158,17 @@ "Rilimogene Glafolivec": "C29560", "Rilotumumab": "C67079", "Rindopepimut": "C69076", + "RIPK1 Inhibitor GSK3145095": "C156737", "Ripretinib": "C124067", "Risperidone Formulation in Rumenic Acid": "C131306", "Ritrosulfan": "C75294", "Rituximab": "C1702", - "Rituximab Conjugate CON-4619": "C148162", "Rituximab and Hyaluronidase Human": "C136821", + "Rituximab Conjugate CON-4619": "C148162", "Riviciclib": "C64762", "Rivoceranib": "C152237", "Rivoceranib Mesylate": "C74012", + "RNR Inhibitor COH29": "C114976", "Robatumumab": "C71527", "Rocapuldencel-T": "C77907", "Rociletinib": "C99905", @@ -3121,6 +3181,7 @@ "Roniciclib": "C92579", "Ropidoxuridine": "C48813", "Roquinimex": "C1519", + "RORgamma Agonist LYC-55716": "C131294", "Rosabulin": "C77066", "Rose Bengal Solution PV-10": "C53412", "Rosiglitazone Maleate": "C2583", @@ -3138,35 +3199,6 @@ "S-Adenosylmethionine": "C63661", "S-equol": "C120313", "S1P Receptor Agonist KRP203": "C106368", - "SBIL-2": "C29418", - "SERD D-0502": "C156735", - "SERD G1T48": "C150552", - "SERD GDC-9545": "C147030", - "SERD SAR439859": "C140354", - "SERD SHR9549": "C165550", - "SHP-1 Agonist SC-43": "C156695", - "SHP2 Inhibitor JAB-3068": "C160207", - "SHP2 Inhibitor RMC-4630": "C155850", - "SHP2 Inhibitor TNO155": "C139559", - "SIRPa-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-621": "C125718", - "SIRPa-IgG4-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-622": "C150756", - "SLC6A8 Inhibitor RGX-202": "C153354", - "SLCT Inhibitor GNS561": "C154553", - "SMAC Mimetic BI 891065": "C150507", - "SMO Protein Inhibitor ZSP1602": "C159535", - "SN-38-Loaded Polymeric Micelles NK012": "C71521", - "SNS01-T Nanoparticles": "C98288", - "SR-BP1/HSI Inhibitor SR31747A": "C61435", - "SR-T100 Gel": "C99460", - "SSTR2-targeting Protein/DM1 Conjugate PEN-221": "C131562", - "STAT Inhibitor OPB-111077": "C116873", - "STAT3 Inhibitor DSP-0337": "C151994", - "STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-31121": "C90588", - "STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-51602": "C95889", - "STAT3 Inhibitor TTI-101": "C151932", - "STAT3 Inhibitor WP1066": "C111042", - "STING Agonist MK-1454": "C132258", - "STING-activating Cyclic Dinucleotide Agonist MIW815": "C125902", "Sabarubicin": "C1706", "Sacituzumab Govitecan": "C102783", "Sacubitril/Valsartan": "C162629", @@ -3181,13 +3213,14 @@ "Sapacitabine": "C64541", "Sapanisertib": "C90548", "Sapitinib": "C77887", - "SarCNU": "C963", "Saracatinib": "C48378", "Saracatinib Difumarate": "C95224", + "SarCNU": "C963", "Sardomozide": "C1673", "Sargramostim": "C1492", "Satraplatin": "C1493", "Savolitinib": "C104732", + "SBIL-2": "C29418", "Scopoletin": "C126100", "Seclidemstat": "C154328", "Sedoxantrone Trihydrochloride": "C1576", @@ -3217,6 +3250,11 @@ "Seocalcitol": "C26669", "Sepantronium Bromide": "C61091", "Serabelisib": "C98844", + "SERD D-0502": "C156735", + "SERD G1T48": "C150552", + "SERD GDC-9545": "C147030", + "SERD SAR439859": "C140354", + "SERD SHR9549": "C165550", "Serdemetan": "C77904", "Sergiolide": "C1763", "Seribantumab": "C78859", @@ -3230,10 +3268,15 @@ "Shark Cartilage Extract AE-941": "C1798", "Sho-Saiko-To": "C2690", "Short Chain Fatty Acid HQK-1004": "C88290", + "SHP-1 Agonist SC-43": "C156695", + "SHP2 Inhibitor JAB-3068": "C160207", + "SHP2 Inhibitor RMC-4630": "C155850", + "SHP2 Inhibitor TNO155": "C139559", "Shu Yu Wan Formula": "C120207", "Sialyl Tn Antigen": "C1226", "Sialyl Tn-KLH Vaccine": "C1690", "Sibrotuzumab": "C156438", + "siG12D LODER": "C95772", "Silatecan AR-67": "C64618", "Silibinin": "C152359", "Silicon Phthalocyanine 4": "C2651", @@ -3246,18 +3289,27 @@ "Sintilimab": "C132992", "Siplizumab": "C38685", "Sipuleucel-T": "C1985", + "siRNA-transfected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells APN401": "C116353", "Sirolimus": "C1212", + "SIRPa-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-621": "C125718", + "SIRPa-IgG4-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-622": "C150756", "Sitimagene Ceradenovec": "C162553", "Sitravatinib": "C117734", "Sivifene": "C61305", "Sizofiran": "C824", + "SLC6A8 Inhibitor RGX-202": "C153354", + "SLCT Inhibitor GNS561": "C154553", + "SMAC Mimetic BI 891065": "C150507", "Smac Mimetic GDC-0152": "C88274", "Smac Mimetic GDC-0917": "C103825", "Smac Mimetic LCL161": "C91079", + "SMO Protein Inhibitor ZSP1602": "C159535", "Smoothened Antagonist BMS-833923": "C77861", "Smoothened Antagonist LDE225 Topical": "C88337", "Smoothened Antagonist LEQ506": "C91089", "Smoothened Antagonist TAK-441": "C116874", + "SN-38-Loaded Polymeric Micelles NK012": "C71521", + "SNS01-T Nanoparticles": "C98288", "Sobuzoxane": "C66540", "Sodium Borocaptate": "C2208", "Sodium Butyrate": "C2337", @@ -3292,17 +3344,29 @@ "Splicing Inhibitor H3B-8800": "C129546", "Spongistatin": "C2051", "Squalamine Lactate": "C1482", + "SR-BP1/HSI Inhibitor SR31747A": "C61435", + "SR-T100 Gel": "C99460", "Src Kinase Inhibitor AP 23846": "C162533", "Src Kinase Inhibitor KX2-391": "C74077", "Src Kinase Inhibitor KX2-391 Ointment": "C120210", "Src Kinase Inhibitor M475271": "C162339", "Src/Abl Kinase Inhibitor AZD0424": "C102976", "Src/tubulin Inhibitor KX02": "C120101", + "ssRNA-based Immunomodulator CV8102": "C150401", + "SSTR2-targeting Protein/DM1 Conjugate PEN-221": "C131562", "St. John's Wort": "C2589", "Stallimycin": "C1517", "Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A": "C1083", "Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B": "C1084", + "STAT Inhibitor OPB-111077": "C116873", + "STAT3 Inhibitor DSP-0337": "C151994", + "STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-31121": "C90588", + "STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-51602": "C95889", + "STAT3 Inhibitor TTI-101": "C151932", + "STAT3 Inhibitor WP1066": "C111042", "Staurosporine": "C1237", + "STING Agonist MK-1454": "C132258", + "STING-activating Cyclic Dinucleotide Agonist MIW815": "C125902", "Streptonigrin": "C844", "Streptozocin": "C845", "Strontium Chloride Sr-89": "C1238", @@ -3331,37 +3395,13 @@ "Synthetic Alkaloid PM00104": "C62763", "Synthetic Glioblastoma Mutated Tumor-specific Peptides Vaccine Therapy APVAC2": "C116332", "Synthetic Glioblastoma Tumor-associated Peptides Vaccine Therapy APVAC1": "C116331", + "Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1400": "C120118", + "Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1401": "C142139", "Synthetic Hypericin": "C122400", "Synthetic Long E6 Peptide-Toll-like Receptor Ligand Conjugate Vaccine ISA201": "C129652", "Synthetic Long E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine HPV-01": "C111037", "Synthetic Long HPV16 E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine ISA101b": "C150809", - "Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1400": "C120118", - "Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1401": "C142139", "T900607": "C26674", - "TAM/c-Met Inhibitor RXDX-106": "C150585", - "TGF-beta Receptor 1 Inhibitor PF-06952229": "C160258", - "TGFa-PE38 Immunotoxin": "C29483", - "TGFbeta Inhibitor LY3200882": "C132013", - "TGFbeta Receptor Ectodomain-IgG Fc Fusion Protein AVID200": "C159817", - "THL-P": "C88275", - "TIGIT-targeting Agent MK-7684": "C140041", - "TLC ELL-12": "C2102", - "TLR Agonist BDB001": "C156395", - "TLR Agonist BSG-001": "C158747", - "TLR Agonist CADI-05": "C77884", - "TLR-Directed Cationic Lipid-DNA Complex JVRS-100": "C82353", - "TLR7 Agonist 852A": "C61104", - "TLR7/8/9 Antagonist IMO-8400": "C114975", - "TLR8 Agonist DN1508052": "C160500", - "TLR9 Agonist AST-008": "C157771", - "TORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor DS-3078a": "C101795", - "TP40 Immunotoxin": "C2374", - "TRAIL Receptor Agonist ABBV-621": "C146854", - "TRK Inhibitor AZD6918": "C80491", - "TRPM8 Agonist D-3263": "C162345", - "TRPV6 Calcium Channel Inhibitor SOR-C13": "C101525", - "TSP-1 Mimetic ABT-510": "C37447", - "TSP-1 Mimetic Fusion Protein CVX-045": "C82384", "Tabalumab": "C91727", "Tabelecleucel": "C143140", "Tacedinaline": "C2202", @@ -3380,6 +3420,7 @@ "Talotrexin": "C29341", "Talotrexin Ammonium": "C80159", "Taltobulin": "C75998", + "TAM/c-Met Inhibitor RXDX-106": "C150585", "Tamibarotene": "C71025", "Taminadenant": "C121664", "Tamoxifen": "C62078", @@ -3409,9 +3450,9 @@ "Tazemetostat": "C107506", "Tecogalan Sodium": "C1605", "Tegafur": "C513", + "Tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil Potassium": "C1833", "Tegafur-Gimeracil-Oteracil Potassium-Leucovorin Calcium Oral Formulation": "C120099", "Tegafur-Uracil": "C9506", - "Tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil Potassium": "C1833", "Tegavivint": "C155885", "Teglarinad": "C90746", "Teglarinad Chloride": "C68931", @@ -3450,6 +3491,10 @@ "Tetrathiomolybdate": "C160684", "Tezacitabine": "C1539", "Tezacitabine Anhydrous": "C95916", + "TGF-beta Receptor 1 Inhibitor PF-06952229": "C160258", + "TGFa-PE38 Immunotoxin": "C29483", + "TGFbeta Inhibitor LY3200882": "C132013", + "TGFbeta Receptor Ectodomain-IgG Fc Fusion Protein AVID200": "C159817", "Thalicarpine": "C869", "Thalidomide": "C870", "Theliatinib": "C162552", @@ -3467,6 +3512,7 @@ "Thioredoxin-1 Inhibitor PX-12": "C74082", "Thiotepa": "C875", "Thioureidobutyronitrile": "C102881", + "THL-P": "C88275", "Thorium Th 227 Anetumab": "C155977", "Threonine Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CFI-402257": "C128288", "Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor DFP-11207": "C116720", @@ -3476,6 +3522,7 @@ "Tidutamab": "C146820", "Tigapotide": "C78474", "Tigatuzumab": "C62482", + "TIGIT-targeting Agent MK-7684": "C140041", "Tilarginine": "C1178", "Tilsotolimod Sodium": "C125080", "Timonacic": "C2354", @@ -3485,8 +3532,6 @@ "Tiomolibdate Diammonium": "C74001", "Tipapkinogene Sovacivec": "C88326", "Tipifarnib": "C1703", - "Tipiracil": "", - "Tipiracil Hydrochloride": "", "Tirabrutinib": "C102876", "Tiragolumab": "C131291", "Tirapazamine": "C1464", @@ -3495,6 +3540,15 @@ "Tisotumab Vedotin": "C113164", "Tivantinib": "C62437", "Tivozanib": "C85444", + "TLC ELL-12": "C2102", + "TLR Agonist BDB001": "C156395", + "TLR Agonist BSG-001": "C158747", + "TLR Agonist CADI-05": "C77884", + "TLR-Directed Cationic Lipid-DNA Complex JVRS-100": "C82353", + "TLR7 Agonist 852A": "C61104", + "TLR7/8/9 Antagonist IMO-8400": "C114975", + "TLR8 Agonist DN1508052": "C160500", + "TLR9 Agonist AST-008": "C157771", "Tocilizumab": "C84217", "Tocladesine": "C2571", "Tocotrienol": "C68318", @@ -3522,15 +3576,19 @@ "Topotecan Hydrochloride": "C2828", "Topotecan Hydrochloride Liposomes": "C80065", "Topsalysin": "C64779", + "TORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor DS-3078a": "C101795", "Toremifene": "C1256", "Toremifene Citrate": "C1756", "Toripalimab": "C131334", "Tosedostat": "C70650", "Tositumomab": "C2543", + "Total Androgen Blockade": "C94614", "Tovetumab": "C82684", "Tozasertib Lactate": "C61319", + "TP40 Immunotoxin": "C2374", "Trabectedin": "C1691", "Trabedersen": "C80066", + "TRAIL Receptor Agonist ABBV-621": "C146854", "Trametinib": "C77908", "Trametinib Dimethyl Sulfoxide": "C152711", "Trans Sodium Crocetinate": "C82695", @@ -3579,6 +3637,7 @@ "Triptorelin": "C1267", "Triptorelin Pamoate": "C29523", "Tritylcysteine": "C1758", + "TRK Inhibitor AZD6918": "C80491", "TrkA Inhibitor VMD-928": "C153116", "Trodusquemine": "C123882", "Trofosfamide": "C1268", @@ -3586,6 +3645,10 @@ "Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase Inhibitor AZD7451": "C99161", "Troxacitabine": "C1438", "Troxacitabine Nucleotide Prodrug MIV-818": "C157496", + "TRPM8 Agonist D-3263": "C162345", + "TRPV6 Calcium Channel Inhibitor SOR-C13": "C101525", + "TSP-1 Mimetic ABT-510": "C37447", + "TSP-1 Mimetic Fusion Protein CVX-045": "C82384", "Tubercidin": "C911", "Tubulin Binding Agent TTI-237": "C61566", "Tubulin Inhibitor ALB 109564 Dihydrochloride": "C78842", @@ -3606,7 +3669,6 @@ "Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SU5402": "C1725", "Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL228": "C68929", "UAE Inhibitor TAK-243": "C113788", - "USP14/UCHL5 Inhibitor VLX1570": "C121215", "Ubenimex": "C1015", "Ubidecarenone Nanodispersion BPM31510n": "C118621", "Ublituximab": "C91078", @@ -3622,19 +3684,9 @@ "Urelumab": "C62449", "Uroacitides": "C162545", "Urokinase-Derived Peptide A6": "C91709", + "USP14/UCHL5 Inhibitor VLX1570": "C121215", "Utomilumab": "C116619", "V930 Vaccine": "C61069", - "VEGF Inhibitor PTC299": "C91100", - "VEGF/HGF-targeting DARPin MP0250": "C117236", - "VEGFR Inhibitor KRN951": "C88267", - "VEGFR-2 DNA Vaccine VXM01": "C99378", - "VEGFR/FGFR Inhibitor ODM-203": "C118628", - "VEGFR/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-593": "C79794", - "VEGFR2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-00337210": "C97950", - "VEGFR2/PDGFR/c-Kit/Flt-3 Inhibitor SU014813": "C61507", - "VGEF Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 220": "C2016", - "VGEFR/c-kit/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL820": "C49090", - "VLP-encapsulated TLR9 Agonist CMP-001": "C126422", "Vaccine-Sensitized Draining Lymph Node Cells": "C2542", "Vaccinium myrtillus/Macleaya cordata/Echinacea angustifolia Extract Granules": "C102748", "Vactosertib": "C116357", @@ -3661,6 +3713,14 @@ "Vecabrutinib": "C136416", "Vector-peptide Conjugated Paclitaxel": "C70971", "Vedolizumab": "C95798", + "VEGF Inhibitor PTC299": "C91100", + "VEGF/HGF-targeting DARPin MP0250": "C117236", + "VEGFR Inhibitor KRN951": "C88267", + "VEGFR-2 DNA Vaccine VXM01": "C99378", + "VEGFR/FGFR Inhibitor ODM-203": "C118628", + "VEGFR/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-593": "C79794", + "VEGFR2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-00337210": "C97950", + "VEGFR2/PDGFR/c-Kit/Flt-3 Inhibitor SU014813": "C61507", "Veliparib": "C60768", "Veltuzumab": "C48406", "Vemurafenib": "C64768", @@ -3670,6 +3730,8 @@ "Verubulin": "C96747", "Verubulin Hydrochloride": "C64782", "Vesigenurtucel-L": "C113653", + "VGEF Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 220": "C2016", + "VGEFR/c-kit/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL820": "C49090", "Viagenpumatucel-L": "C61073", "Vilaprisan": "C148505", "Vinblastine": "C930", @@ -3696,6 +3758,7 @@ "Vitamin D3 Analogue ILX23-7553": "C1883", "Vitamin E Compound": "C942", "Vitespen": "C2432", + "VLP-encapsulated TLR9 Agonist CMP-001": "C126422", "Vocimagene Amiretrorepvec": "C91734", "Vofatamab": "C116863", "Volasertib": "C79844", @@ -3707,30 +3770,29 @@ "Vorsetzumab Mafodotin": "C88315", "Vosaroxin": "C95148", "Voxtalisib": "C71704", - "WT1 Peptide Vaccine OCV-501": "C106257", - "WT1 Peptide Vaccine WT2725": "C102751", - "WT1 Protein-derived Peptide Vaccine DSP-7888": "C121957", - "WT1-A10/AS01B Immunotherapeutic GSK2130579A": "C78865", - "WT1/PSMA/hTERT-encoding Plasmid DNA INO-5401": "C148480", "Warfarin Sodium": "C1658", "White Carrot": "C126649", "Wnt Signaling Inhibitor SM04755": "C122693", "Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitor SM08502": "C142777", "Wnt-5a Mimic Hexapeptide Foxy-5": "C113435", "Wobe-Mugos E": "C28501", + "WT1 Peptide Vaccine OCV-501": "C106257", + "WT1 Peptide Vaccine WT2725": "C102751", + "WT1 Protein-derived Peptide Vaccine DSP-7888": "C121957", + "WT1-A10/AS01B Immunotherapeutic GSK2130579A": "C78865", + "WT1/PSMA/hTERT-encoding Plasmid DNA INO-5401": "C148480", + "Xanthohumol": "C121950", "XBP1-US/XBP1-SP/CD138/CS1 Multipeptide Vaccine PVX-410": "C103823", + "Xentuzumab": "C106118", + "Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction": "C165272", "XIAP Antisense Oligonucleotide AEG35156": "C49180", "XIAP/cIAP1 Antagonist ASTX660": "C123913", "XPO1 Inhibitor SL-801": "C128246", - "Xanthohumol": "C121950", - "Xeloda": "", - "Xentuzumab": "C106118", - "Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction": "C165272", "Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody CC49": "C2597", "Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody HMFG1": "C2541", "Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1": "C2247", - "Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody M195": "C2248", "Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody m170": "C2532", + "Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody M195": "C2248", "Yang Yin Fu Zheng": "C132024", "Yangzheng Xiaoji Extract": "C111897", "Yiqi-yangyin-jiedu Herbal Decoction": "C132026", @@ -3741,8 +3803,8 @@ "Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody cT84.66": "C77885", "Yttrium Y 90 Basiliximab": "C99167", "Yttrium Y 90 Colloid": "C114495", - "Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody M5A": "C77853", "Yttrium Y 90 Daclizumab": "C2600", + "Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody M5A": "C77853", "Yttrium Y 90 Glass Microspheres": "C38679", "Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody B3": "C2614", "Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody BrE-3": "C2607", @@ -3770,7 +3832,6 @@ "Zinc Finger Nuclease ZFN-758": "C129589", "Zinostatin": "C682", "Zinostatin Stimalamer": "C162544", - "Zirconium Zr 89 Panitumumab": "", "Ziv-Aflibercept": "C2682", "Zolbetuximab": "C85475", "Zoledronic Acid": "C1699", @@ -3778,80 +3839,639 @@ "Zorubicin": "C91365", "Zorubicin Hydrochloride": "C1458", "Zuclomiphene Citrate": "C28322", - "alpha-Folate Receptor-targeting Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor ONX-0801": "C120550", - "c-Kit Inhibitor PLX9486": "C121647", - "c-Met Inhibitor AL2846": "C129314", - "c-Met Inhibitor AMG 208": "C82677", - "c-Met Inhibitor AMG 337": "C95203", - "c-Met Inhibitor HS-10241": "C128895", - "c-Met Inhibitor JNJ-38877605": "C77893", - "c-Met Inhibitor MK2461": "C90591", - "c-Met Inhibitor MK8033": "C116866", - "c-Met Inhibitor MSC2156119J": "C106370", - "c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 5132": "C2721", - "cEt KRAS Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD4785": "C147521", - "cFMS Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ARRY-382": "C96227", - "cis-Urocanic Acid": "C99125", - "dUTPase/DPD Inhibitor TAS-114": "C116885", - "eIF4E Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 183750": "C95740", - "hTERT Multipeptide/Montanide ISA-51 VG/Imiquimod Vaccine GX 301": "C119616", - "hTERT Vaccine V934/V935": "C80055", - "hTERT-encoding DNA Vaccine INVAC-1": "C119737", - "huBC1-huIL12 Fusion Protein AS1409": "C74041", - "iNOS Dimerization Inhibitor ASP9853": "C116728", - "iPSC-derived CD16-expressing Natural Killer Cells FT516": "C164140", - "iPSC-derived Natural Killer Cells FT500": "C158438", - "mRNA-Derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9103": "C82654", - "mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine NCI-4650": "C148239", - "mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine mRNA-4157": "C146813", - "mRNA-based TriMix Melanoma Vaccine ECI-006": "C154274", - "mRNA-based Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine GRT-R902": "C156926", - "mRNA-derived KRAS-targeted Vaccine V941": "C162186", - "mRNA-derived Lung Cancer Vaccine BI 1361849": "C111574", - "mRNA-derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9104": "C106231", - "mTOR Inhibitor GDC-0349": "C133227", - "mTOR Kinase Inhibitor AZD8055": "C78856", - "mTOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-223": "C92575", - "mTOR Kinase Inhibitor OSI-027": "C78476", - "mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PP242": "C128632", - "mTOR1/2 Kinase Inhibitor ME-344": "C101132", - "mTORC 1/2 Inhibitor LXI-15029": "C148528", - "mTORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor BI 860585": "C122836", - "mTORC1/mTORC2/DHFR Inhibitor ABTL0812": "C117290", - "ncmtRNA Oligonucleotide Andes-1537": "C123825", - "p300/CBP Bromodomain Inhibitor CCS1477": "C160195", - "p38 MAPK Inhibitor LY3007113": "C99134", - "p53 Peptide Vaccine MPS-128": "C1986", - "p53-HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor MI-773": "C106120", - "p53-HDM2 Protein-protein Interaction Inhibitor APG-115": "C132991", - "p53/HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor CGM097": "C104280", - "p70S6K Inhibitor LY2584702": "C91393", - "p70S6K/Akt Inhibitor MSC2363318A": "C112004", - "p97 Inhibitor CB-5083": "C118287", - "pDNA-encoding Emm55 Autologous Cancer Cell Vaccine IFx-Hu2.0": "C157262", - "pan FGFR Inhibitor PRN1371": "C124931", - "pan-HER Kinase Inhibitor AC480": "C48380", - "pan-PI3K Inhibitor CLR457": "C117230", - "pan-PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor SF1126": "C85469", - "pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1208": "C99380", - "pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor NVP-LGB-321": "C128615", - "pan-RAF Inhibitor LXH254": "C125003", - "pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor CCT3833": "C121952", - "pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor TAK-580": "C106254", - "pbi-shRNA STMN1 Lipoplex": "C99639", - "siG12D LODER": "C95772", - "siRNA-transfected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells APN401": "C116353", - "ssRNA-based Immunomodulator CV8102": "C150401", - "Total Androgen Blockade": "C94614", - "AEE788": "C48369", - "Clodronate Disodium": "C1418", - "Recombinant Interleukin-18": "C1680", - "Interferon": "C20493", - "Platinum": "C756", - "PV-10": "C53412", - "Dendritic Cell Vaccine": "C28310", "Unknown": "C17998", - "Not Reported": "C43234" + "Not Reported": "C43234", + "3'-dA Phosphoramidate NUC-7738": "C171381", + "A2A Receptor Antagonist EOS100850": "C172109", + "Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist CS3005": "C175468", + "Adenovirus 5/F35-Human Guanylyl Cyclase C-PADRE": "C173640", + "Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV16 Vaccine JNJ-63682918": "C167360", + "Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV18 Vaccine JNJ-63682931": "C167361", + "ALK Inhibitor TAE684": "C171615", + "ALK/ROS1/Met Inhibitor TQ-B3101": "C173430", + "Allogeneic Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells ALLO-715": "C165779", + "Allogeneic Anti-BCMA-CAR T-cells PBCAR269A": "C171066", + "Allogeneic Anti-BCMA/CS1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells": "C173967", + "Allogeneic Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells ALLO-501A": "C172708", + "Allogeneic Anti-CD19 Universal CAR-T Cells CTA101": "C173959", + "Allogeneic Anti-CD20 CAR T-cells LUCAR-20S": "C174397", + "Allogeneic Anti-CD20-CAR T-cells PBCAR20A": "C168570", + "Allogeneic CD22-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCART22": "C165696", + "Allogeneic CD56-positive CD3-negative Natural Killer Cells CYNK-001": "C173877", + "Allogeneic CD8+ Leukemia-associated Antigens Specific T Cells NEXI-001": "C170887", + "Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-BCMA T Cells CTX120": "C172741", + "Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-CD70 CAR-T Cells CTX130": "C173153", + "Allogeneic CS1-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCARTCS1A": "C165661", + "Allogeneic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Expressing Lung Tumor Antigens PDC*lung01": "C173427", + "Allogeneic Third-party Suicide Gene-transduced Anti-HLA-DPB1*0401 CD4+ T-cells CTL 19": "C174401", + "Allosteric ErbB Inhibitor BDTX-189": "C171059", + "Alobresib": "C126640", + "Alofanib": "C170744", + "Alpha V Beta 8 Antagonist PF-06940434": "C172097", + "Alsevalimab": "C155967", + "Amivantamab": "C124993", + "Andecaliximab": "C105803", + "Androgen Receptor Degrader CC-94676": "C173364", + "Androgen Receptor Inhibitor EPI-7386": "C173374", + "Androgen Receptor/Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist CB-03-10": "C172104", + "Anhydrous Enol-oxaloacetate": "C168687", + "Anti-5T4 Antibody-drug Conjugate ASN004": "C173556", + "Anti-5T4 Antibody-drug Conjugate SYD1875": "C175444", + "Anti-B7-H3/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-7300a": "C171577", + "Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate CC-99712": "C170915", + "Anti-BCMA SparX Protein Plus BCMA-directed Anti-TAAG ARC T-cells CART-ddBCMA": "C167337", + "Anti-BCMA/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN5459": "C165656", + "Anti-BTLA Monoclonal Antibody TAB004": "C168617", + "Anti-BTN3A Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ICT01": "C175508", + "Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody HLX55": "C174391", + "Anti-CCR7 Antibody-drug Conjugate JBH492": "C175477", + "Anti-CD117 Monoclonal Antibody JSP191": "C174050", + "Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody AGEN2373": "C168522", + "Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ATOR-1017": "C173548", + "Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody LVGN6051": "C171541", + "Anti-CD19 Antibody-T-cell Receptor-expressing T-cells ET019003": "C172202", + "Anti-CD19 iCAR NK Cells": "C170903", + "Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR NK Cells": "C170904", + "Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody BAT4306F": "C173955", + "Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody MIL62": "C166140", + "Anti-CD205 Antibody-drug Conjugate OBT076": "C165598", + "Anti-CD228/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD228A": "C168772", + "Anti-CD25 Monoclonal Antibody RO7296682": "C173969", + "Anti-CD27 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody MK-5890": "C172056", + "Anti-CD3/Anti-5T4 Bispecific Antibody GEN1044": "C173369", + "Anti-CD3/Anti-GUCY2C Bispecific Antibody PF-07062119": "C166258", + "Anti-CD3/CD7-Ricin Toxin A Immunotoxin": "C165583", + "Anti-CD30/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate F0002": "C172064", + "Anti-CD37 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GEN3009": "C172443", + "Anti-CD38 Antibody-drug Conjugate STI-6129": "C174057", + "Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody SAR442085": "C166376", + "Anti-CD38/CD28xCD3 Tri-specific Monoclonal Antibody SAR442257": "C173645", + "Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody SRF617": "C171450", + "Anti-CD40/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Agonist Monoclonal Antibody GEN1042": "C168604", + "Anti-CD47 ADC SGN-CD47M": "C173421", + "Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-002": "C174192", + "Anti-CD47/CD19 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TG-1801": "C166137", + "Anti-claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody AB011": "C173724", + "Anti-Claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody TST001": "C173726", + "Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ADG116": "C166139", + "Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody HBM4003": "C173540", + "Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ONC-392": "C173547", + "Anti-CTLA-4 Probody BMS-986288": "C173435", + "Anti-CTLA-4/Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Combination BCD-217": "C172196", + "Anti-CTLA4 Antibody Fc Fusion Protein KN044": "C173422", + "Anti-EGFR/CD16A Bispecific Antibody AFM24": "C171163", + "Anti-FRA/Eribulin Antibody-drug Conjugate MORAb-202": "C173946", + "Anti-GARP Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-151": "C165684", + "Anti-Globo H/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate OBI 999": "C165657", + "Anti-GPR20/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-6157a": "C172987", + "Anti-gremlin-1 Monoclonal Antibody UCB6114": "C173701", + "Anti-HER2 Antibody Conjugated Natural Killer Cells ACE1702": "C173076", + "Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8001": "C173966", + "Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate DP303c": "C173962", + "Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody B002": "C174121", + "Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody HLX22": "C172198", + "Anti-HER2-DM1 ADC B003": "C173420", + "Anti-HER2-DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate GQ1001": "C173827", + "Anti-HER2/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate MRG002": "C174205", + "Anti-HLA-G Antibody TTX-080": "C175374", + "Anti-IL-8 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986253": "C124227", + "Anti-integrin Beta-6/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-B6A": "C172391", + "Anti-IRF4 Antisense Oligonucleotide ION251": "C173725", + "Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody IBI-110": "C168603", + "Anti-latent TGF-beta 1 Monoclonal Antibody SRK-181": "C173598", + "Anti-Lewis B/Lewis Y Monoclonal Antibody GNX102": "C175411", + "Anti-LILRB4 Monoclonal Antibody IO-202": "C174485", + "Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate RC88": "C174395", + "Anti-MUC16/CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN4018": "C153129", + "Anti-MUC17/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 199": "C165588", + "Anti-NaPi2b Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1592": "C173702", + "Anti-NRP1 Antibody ASP1948": "C156402", + "Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A445": "C175453", + "Anti-OX40 Hexavalent Agonist Antibody INBRX-106": "C173983", + "Anti-PD-1 Antibody-interleukin-21 Mutein Fusion Protein AMG 256": "C174140", + "Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody 609A": "C172820", + "Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody SCT-I10A": "C170758", + "Anti-PD-1/Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody IBI315": "C174419", + "Anti-PD-1/Anti-LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7247669": "C173539", + "Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody IBI318": "C171938", + "Anti-PD-1/CD47 Infusion Protein HX009": "C168600", + "Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody MEDI5752": "C171937", + "Anti-PD-1/VEGF Bispecific Antibody AK112": "C170909", + "Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-001": "C172819", + "Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody RC98": "C174520", + "Anti-PD-L1/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GEN1046": "C172194", + "Anti-PD-L1/IL-15 Fusion Protein KD033": "C173592", + "Anti-PRAME T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-F106C": "C170976", + "Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody CCW702": "C169053", + "Anti-RANKL Monoclonal Antibody GB-223": "C174406", + "Anti-RANKL Monoclonal Antibody JMT103": "C175441", + "Anti-Ribonucleoprotein Antibody ATRC-101": "C172924", + "Anti-ROR1/PNU-159682 Derivative Antibody-drug Conjugate NBE-002": "C174012", + "Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A1217": "C170906", + "Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody COM902": "C174037", + "Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody SGN-TGT": "C173630", + "Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1702": "C172108", + "Anti-TRAILR2/CDH17 Tetravalent Bispecific Antibody BI 905711": "C173541", + "Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8003": "C172060", + "Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate SKB264": "C166409", + "Anti-VEGFR2 Monoclonal Antibody MSB0254": "C174422", + "Antisense Oligonucleotide QR-313": "C162452", + "Aprinocarsen": "C1788", + "Aprutumab": "C107683", + "Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibitor IK-175": "C171151", + "Aspacytarabine": "C153327", + "Asunercept": "C90562", + "ATR Inhibitor RP-3500": "C174206", + "ATR Kinase Inhibitor M1774": "C171067", + "Attenuated Measles Virus Encoding SCD Transgene TMV-018": "C175440", + "Atuveciclib": "C121456", + "Audencel": "C123928", + "Autologous AFP Specific T Cell Receptor Transduced T Cells C-TCR055": "C173429", + "Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR T-cells PHE885": "C174124", + "Autologous Anti-BCMA CD8+ CAR T-cells Descartes-11": "C173434", + "Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells C-CAR088": "C170747", + "Autologous Anti-CD123 CAR-T Cells": "C171167", + "Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells 19(T2)28z1xx": "C173622", + "Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CNCT19": "C175465", + "Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells AUTO1": "C172746", + "Autologous Anti-CD19 TAC-T cells TAC01-CD19": "C172055", + "Autologous Anti-CD19/CD20 Bispecific Nanobody-based CAR-T cells": "C172057", + "Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-HER2t/CD22CAR-EGFRt-expressing T-cells": "C155897", + "Autologous Anti-CD20 CAR Transduced CD4/CD8 Enriched T-cells MB-CART20.1": "C172063", + "Autologous Anti-EGFR CAR-transduced CXCR 5-modified T-lymphocytes": "C173958", + "Autologous Anti-FLT3 CAR T Cells AMG 553": "C172197", + "Autologous Anti-ICAM-1-CAR-CD28-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells AIC100": "C173378", + "Autologous Anti-kappa Light Chain CAR-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes": "C175446", + "Autologous Anti-PD-1 Antibody-activated Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes": "C172191", + "Autologous Anti-PSMA CAR-T Cells P-PSMA-101": "C175511", + "Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells CC-98633": "C173699", + "Autologous Bispecific BCMA/CD19-targeted CAR-T Cells GC012F": "C175471", + "Autologous Bispecific CD19/CD22-targeted CAR-T Cells GC022": "C171093", + "Autologous CD19 CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-cells MB-CART19.1": "C172103", + "Autologous CD19-targeted CAR T Cells CC-97540": "C175049", + "Autologous CD19-targeted CAR-T Cells GC007F": "C171092", + "Autologous CD19/PD-1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells": "C172387", + "Autologous Clonal Neoantigen T Cells ATL001": "C171097", + "Autologous CRISPR-edited Anti-CD19 CAR T Cells XYF19": "C170914", + "Autologous Monocyte-derived Lysate-pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine PV-001-DC": "C173442", + "Autologous Multi-lineage Potential Cells": "C170908", + "Autologous Nectin-4/FAP-targeted CAR-T Cells": "C172386", + "Autologous NKG2D CAR T-cells CYAD-02": "C173710", + "Autologous Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Lysate and mRNA-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine": "C173968", + "Autologous Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Ibrutinib-treated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients IOV-2001": "C167208", + "Autologous Rapamycin-resistant Th1/Tc1 Cells RAPA-201": "C174405", + "Autologous TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140203": "C175306", + "Autologous Tetravalent Dendritic Cell Vaccine MIDRIX4-LUNG": "C168775", + "Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145-S1": "C173508", + "Autologous Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UniCAR02-T": "C175463", + "Avdoralimab": "C163020", + "Aviscumine": "C78188", + "Axalimogene Filolisbac": "C74595", + "Axatilimab": "C155813", + "AXL Inhibitor SLC-391": "C173362", + "AXL/ FLT3/VEGFR2 Inhibitor KC1036": "C173961", + "Axl/Mer Inhibitor PF-07265807": "C175543", + "Azintuxizumab Vedotin": "C122816", + "Balstilimab": "C136465", + "Bazlitoran": "C114975", + "Bcl-2 Inhibitor BGB-11417": "C175489", + "Bcl-2 Inhibitor LP-108": "C173536", + "BCMA-CD19 Compound CAR T Cells": "C171631", + "BCMA/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN217": "C174412", + "Belantamab Mafodotin": "C114299", + "Belapectin": "C115111", + "Belvarafenib": "C121646", + "Belzutifan": "C135627", + "Bersanlimab": "C88327", + "Berzosertib": "C116355", + "Betaglucin Gel": "C172188", + "Bexmarilimab": "C159536", + "Bispecific Antibody AGEN1223": "C171161", + "Bispecific Antibody AMG 509": "C168580", + "Bispecific Antibody GS-1423": "C167206", + "BiTE Antibody AMG 910": "C170815", + "Bizalimogene Ralaplasmid": "C77909", + "Bomedemstat": "C131827", + "BRAF Inhibitor BGB-3245": "C173633", + "BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor ABM-1310": "C170951", + "BTK Inhibitor HZ-A-018": "C174394", + "c-Met Inhibitor ABN401": "C170765", + "c-Met Inhibitor GST-HG161": "C175449", + "C/EBP Beta Antagonist ST101": "C174169", + "Calcium Release-activated Channel Inhibitor CM4620": "C166417", + "Camidanlumab Tesirine": "C121949", + "Carbon C 14-pamiparib": "C173441", + "Cationic Peptide Cream Cypep-1": "C171374", + "CD11b Agonist GB1275": "C165605", + "CD123-CD33 Compound CAR T Cells": "C173970", + "CD123-specific Targeting Module TM123": "C175461", + "CD20-CD19 Compound CAR T Cells": "C173960", + "CD28/ICOS Antagonist ALPN-101": "C168584", + "CD44v6-specific CAR T-cells": "C173368", + "CD73 Inhibitor AB680": "C167156", + "CD73 Inhibitor LY3475070": "C170952", + "CD80-Fc Fusion Protein ALPN-202": "C174515", + "CD80-Fc Fusion Protein FPT155": "C169063", + "CDK2 Inhibitor PF-07104091": "C175251", + "CDK4/6 Inhibitor CS3002": "C174417", + "CDK4/6 Inhibitor HS-10342": "C170749", + "CDK4/6 Inhibitor TQB3616": "C171344", + "CDK7 Inhibitor SY-5609": "C172390", + "CDK8/19 Inhibitor SEL 120": "C165747", + "Cedazuridine/Azacitidine Combination Agent ASTX030": "C171649", + "Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Agent CC-99282": "C172396", + "Cetuximab Sarotalocan": "C121850", + "Cevostamab": "C139549", + "Chlorotoxin (EQ)-CD28-CD3zeta-CD19t-expressing CAR T-lymphocytes": "C167056", + "Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel": "C148498", + "Cinrebafusp Alfa": "C142890", + "Cintirorgon": "C131294", + "CK1alpha/CDK7/CDK9 Inhibitor BTX-A51": "C169027", + "Cobolimab": "C128627", + "Cofetuzumab Pelidotin": "C123828", + "Coltuximab Ravtansine": "C71009", + "Commensal Bacterial Strain Formulation VE800": "C167393", + "Copper Cu 67 Tyr3-octreotate": "C171370", + "Cord Blood Derived CAR T-Cells": "C172058", + "Cosibelimab": "C151947", + "Coxsackievirus V937": "C61493", + "CSF1R Inhibitor ABSK021": "C173651", + "CXCR4/E-selectin Antagonist GMI-1359": "C167271", + "CYP11A1 Inhibitor ODM-209": "C172052", + "CYP17/CYP11B2 Inhibitor LAE001": "C102855", + "Daratumumab and Hyaluronidase-fihj": "C156401", + "Decitabine and Cedazuridine": "C115102", + "Delolimogene Mupadenorepvec": "C148462", + "Dendrimer-conjugated Bcl-2/Bcl-XL Inhibitor AZD0466": "C173660", + "Dengue Virus Adjuvant PV-001-DV": "C173443", + "Dexamethason": "C422", + "Dilpacimab": "C116750", + "DNA-PK inhibitor AZD7648": "C168692", + "DNA-PK/PI3K-delta Inhibitor BR101801": "C172111", + "DNMT1 Inhibitor NTX-301": "C174424", + "Dociparstat sodium": "C99130", + "Dostarlimab": "C126799", + "Doxorubicin Prodrug/Prodrug-activating Biomaterial SQ3370": "C167221", + "DTRMWXHS-12/Everolimus/Pomalidomide Combination Agent DTRM-555": "C173999", + "Edicotinib": "C101519", + "Edodekin alfa": "C1380", + "Eftozanermin Alfa": "C146854", + "EGFR Inhibitor TY-9591": "C175445", + "EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor TQB3804": "C173415", + "EGFR/EGFRvIII Inhibitor WSD0922-FU": "C165778", + "EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor DZD9008": "C167205", + "EGFR/TGFb Fusion Monoclonal Antibody BCA101": "C173165", + "EGFR/VEGFR/RET Inhibitor HA121-28": "C173436", + "Emibetuzumab": "C95732", + "Enadenotucirev-expressing FAP/CD3 Bispecific FAP-TAc NG-641": "C168790", + "Encapsulated Rapamycin": "C173879", + "Encelimab": "C142978", + "Endothelin B Receptor Blocker ENB 003": "C175447", + "Engineered Red Blood Cells Co-expressing 4-1BBL and IL-15TP RTX-240": "C172990", + "Engineered Toxin Body Targeting CD38 TAK-169": "C173707", + "EP2/EP4 Antagonist TPST-1495": "C174460", + "EP4 Antagonist INV-1120": "C173520", + "Epcoritamab": "C163022", + "EphA2-targeting Bicycle Toxin Conjugate BT5528": "C171425", + "ERK1/2 Inhibitor HH2710": "C172805", + "ERK1/2 Inhibitor JSI-1187": "C174203", + "Etigilimab": "C142821", + "Exicorilant": "C153309", + "Extended Release Metformin Hydrochloride": "C173523", + "Ezabenlimab": "C132252", + "EZH1/2 Inhibitor HH2853": "C173698", + "EZH2 inhibitor CPI-0209": "C167347", + "Fadraciclib": "C123902", + "FAK/ALK/ROS1 Inhibitor APG-2449": "C172193", + "FAP/4-1BB-targeting DARPin MP0310": "C170894", + "FAP/4-1BB-targeting Fusion Protein RO7122290": "C175490", + "Fas Ligand-treated Allogeneic Mobilized Peripheral Blood Cells": "C167326", + "Favezelimab": "C142077", + "Fc-engineered Anti-CD40 Agonist Antibody 2141-V11": "C170762", + "Feladilimab": "C126804", + "Felzartamab": "C97954", + "Fenretinide Phospholipid Suspension ST-001": "C175469", + "FGFR Inhibitor CPL304110": "C173964", + "FGFR/CSF-1R Inhibitor 3D185": "C175460", + "FGFR2 Inhibitor RLY-4008": "C174208", + "Fianlimab": "C132339", + "Fimaporfin A": "C88344", + "Flt3 Ligand/Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody/IL-12 Engineered Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus RIVAL-01": "C174049", + "FLT3/FGFR Dual Kinase Inhibitor MAX-40279": "C174517", + "FLT3/KIT/CSF1R Inhibitor NMS-03592088": "C172195", + "Fluorine F 18 Ara-G": "C120100", + "Folic Acid": "C510", + "Foritinib Succinate": "C175475", + "Fosgemcitabine Palabenamide": "C102752", + "Fosifloxuridine Nafalbenamide": "C156680", + "Futibatinib": "C114283", + "G Protein-coupled Estrogen Receptor Agonist LNS8801": "C165626", + "Gallium-based Bone Resorption Inhibitor AP-002": "C165650", + "GBM Antigens and Alloantigens Immunotherapeutic Vaccine": "C172199", + "Genetically Modified Interleukin-12 Transgene-encoding Bifidobacterium longum": "C171371", + "Giredestrant": "C147030", + "Glofitamab": "C148486", + "Glutaminase Inhibitor IPN60090": "C165612", + "Glutamine Antagonist DRP-104": "C174038", + "HER2 Inhibitor DZD1516": "C174039", + "HER2 Tri-specific Natural Killer Cell Engager DF1001": "C172279", + "HER2-directed TLR8 Agonist SBT6050": "C174010", + "HIF2a RNAi ARO-HIF2": "C170918", + "HPV 16 E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-202": "C173149", + "HPV E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-201": "C167349", + "HPV6/11-targeted DNA Plasmid Vaccine INO-3107": "C173718", + "Hsp90 Inhibitor TQB3474": "C173550", + "Hsp90-targeted Photosensitizer HS-201": "C172190", + "Hyaluronidase-zzxf/Pertuzumab/Trastuzumab": "C173339", + "Iadademstat": "C131908", + "Ianalumab": "C116788", + "Idetrexed": "C120550", + "IDH1 Mutant Inhibitor LY3410738": "C175542", + "IDO/TDO Inhibitor LY-01013": "C171343", + "IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor M4112": "C168808", + "Ieramilimab": "C122683", + "IL-12sc, IL-15sushi, IFNa and GM-CSF mRNA-based Immunotherapeutic Agent SAR441000": "C166375", + "Ilginatinib": "C98109", + "Imaradenant": "C148039", + "Imgatuzumab": "C78838", + "Imifoplatin": "C121375", + "Inactivated Oncolytic Virus Particle GEN0101": "C170893", + "Indatuximab Ravtansine": "C78840", + "Individualized MVA-based Vaccine TG4050": "C171392", + "Indusatumab Vedotin": "C101524", + "Inebilizumab": "C88283", + "iNKT Cell Agonist ABX196": "C172187", + "Interleukin-12-Fc Fusion Protein DF6002": "C173371", + "Interleukin-15 Agonist Fusion Protein SHR1501": "C171385", + "Interleukin-15 Fusion Protein BJ-001": "C172075", + "Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Complex-Fc Fusion Protein XmAb24306": "C170890", + "Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Sushi+ Domain Fusion Protein SO-C101": "C170516", + "Iodine I 131 Apamistamab": "C2527", + "Iodine I 131 IPA": "C171348", + "iPSC-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing Anti-CD19 CAR-NK Cells FT596": "C170800", + "Irinotecan Sucrosofate": "C82676", + "Iroplact": "C2251", + "Irradiated Allogeneic Human Lung Cancer Cells Expressing OX40L-Ig Vaccine HS-130": "C165639", + "Istiratumab": "C103863", + "Itraconazole": "C1138", + "Ivaltinostat": "C94225", + "Ivuxolimab": "C121927", + "JAK Inhibitor": "C172200", + "Kanitinib": "C168608", + "KRAS G12C Inhibitor GDC-6036": "C173995", + "KRAS G12C Inhibitor LY3499446": "C166410", + "KRASG12C Inhibitor JNJ-74699157": "C167157", + "Ladiratuzumab Vedotin": "C112001", + "LAIR-2 Fusion Protein NC410": "C173559", + "Landogrozumab": "C99640", + "Laprituximab Emtansine": "C111906", + "Larotinib Mesylate": "C172062", + "Lerociclib": "C138165", + "Letetresgene Autoleucel": "C121379", + "Letolizumab": "C120140", + "Lifileucel": "C120552", + "Lifirafenib": "C124995", + "Lilotomab": "C165685", + "Linperlisib": "C158508", + "Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating Glutathione S-transferase P siRNA NBF-006": "C170753", + "Liposomal Bcl-2 Antisense Oligonucleotide BP1002": "C170743", + "Liposome": "C18208", + "Liposome-encapsulated TAAs mRNA Vaccine W_ova1": "C174421", + "LMP2-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes": "C172395", + "LMP7 Inhibitor M3258": "C169060", + "Lodapolimab": "C128138", + "LRP5 Antagonist BI 905681": "C171102", + "LSD1 Inhibitor SYHA1807": "C173722", + "Lumretuzumab": "C104058", + "Lupartumab Amadotin": "C116070", + "Lutetium Lu 177-DTPA-omburtamab": "C174423", + "Maackia amurensis Seed Lectin": "C174518", + "Macrocycle-bridged STING Agonist E7766": "C166141", + "MAGE-A1-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-cells": "C174139", + "Magrolimab": "C117730", + "Manelimab": "C156741", + "MCL-1 Inhibitor ABBV-467": "C174400", + "MDM2 Inhibitor AMGMDS3": "C171616", + "MEK 1/2 Inhibitor FCN-159": "C172382", + "MEK Inhibitor HL-085": "C173437", + "Menin-MLL Interaction Inhibitor SNDX-5613": "C165776", + "MET x MET Bispecific Antibody REGN5093": "C167188", + "Metarrestin": "C168544", + "Methylcantharidimide": "C173446", + "Mevociclib": "C139552", + "Mezagitamab": "C148078", + "Microbiome GEN-001": "C171422", + "Microbiome-derived Peptide Vaccine EO2401": "C165646", + "Milataxel": "C77880", + "Miptenalimab": "C150403", + "Miransertib": "C99172", + "Mirdametinib": "C52195", + "Mirzotamab Clezutoclax": "C157279", + "Mitazalimab": "C121538", + "Mobocertinib": "C126752", + "Modakafusp Alfa": "C140427", + "Modified Vaccinia Ankara-vectored HPV16/18 Vaccine JNJ-65195208": "C167362", + "Motixafortide": "C88309", + "MUC-1/WT1 Peptide-primed Autologous Dendritic Cells": "C174519", + "Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine TPIV100": "C173525", + "Murizatoclax": "C156740", + "Muscadine Grape Extract": "C175526", + "MVA-BN Smallpox Vaccine": "C173552", + "N-dihydrogalactochitosan": "C173438", + "Nagrestipen": "C98294", + "Naratuximab Emtansine": "C100101", + "Navicixizumab": "C119620", + "Nogapendekin Alfa": "C107503", + "Numidargistat": "C142866", + "Nurulimab": "C156734", + "Odronextamab": "C119615", + "Ofranergene Obadenovec": "C71539", + "Oligo-fucoidan": "C170752", + "Olinvacimab": "C102877", + "Olvimulogene Nanivacirepvec": "C79833", + "Onatasertib": "C92575", + "Oncolytic Adenovirus ORCA-010": "C168607", + "Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1 ONCR-177": "C171540", + "Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing IL-12 and Anti-PD-1 Antibody T3011": "C175473", + "Oncolytic Measles Virus Encoding Helicobacter pylori Neutrophil-activating Protein": "C173889", + "Ontorpacept": "C125718", + "Onvatilimab": "C127124", + "Opolimogene Capmilisbac": "C125631", + "Opucolimab": "C165270", + "Orelabrutinib": "C156173", + "Orvacabtagene Autoleucel": "C147523", + "Other": "C17649", + "Oxaliplatin Eluting Beads": "C172098", + "p97 Inhibitor CB-5339": "C167257", + "p97 Inhibitor CB-5339 Tosylate": "C167262", + "Pacmilimab": "C132192", + "Pamrevlumab": "C92577", + "Pan-KRAS Inhibitor BI 1701963": "C166138", + "Pan-mutation-selective EGFR Inhibitor CLN-081": "C165567", + "Pan-TRK Inhibitor NOV1601": "C172394", + "Panulisib": "C104292", + "PARP 1/2 Inhibitor IMP4297": "C168601", + "PARP Inhibitor NMS-03305293": "C167278", + "PARP7 Inhibitor RBN-2397": "C170764", + "Parsaclisib": "C113434", + "Parsaclisib Hydrochloride": "C166387", + "Partially Engineered T-regulatory Cell Donor Graft TRGFT-201": "C167207", + "Patritumab Deruxtecan": "C136987", + "Paxalisib": "C116877", + "PD-L1 Inhibitor GS-4224": "C170900", + "PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA Trispecific Fusion Protein NM21-1480": "C174020", + "Pegvorhyaluronidase Alfa": "C82659", + "Pegylated SN-38 Conjugate PLX038": "C167334", + "Pelabresib": "C111901", + "Peposertib": "C120036", + "Personalized and Adjusted Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine PANDA-VAC": "C173152", + "Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PV01": "C171430", + "Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PVO2": "C170950", + "Photodynamic Compound TLD-1433": "C172822", + "Pimitespib": "C134448", + "Pimurutamab": "C163981", + "Pinatuzumab Vedotin": "C104167", + "Pixatimod": "C95202", + "Plamotamab": "C130050", + "Plasmid DNA Vaccine pING-hHER3FL": "C171387", + "pNGVL4a-CRT-E6E7L2 DNA Vaccine": "C175536", + "pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 DNA and HPV16 L2/E6/E7 Fusion Protein TA-CIN Vaccine PVX-2": "C172205", + "Polymer-conjugated IL-15 Receptor Agonist NKTR-255": "C165666", + "Porcupine Inhibitor XNW7201": "C172189", + "PPAR Alpha Antagonist TPST-1120": "C169105", + "Pralsetinib": "C132295", + "Praluzatamab Ravtansine": "C134697", + "PRMT5 Inhibitor PRT811": "C168531", + "Prolgolimab": "C148155", + "Prostaglandin E2 EP4 Receptor Inhibitor AN0025": "C129689", + "Protein Tyrosine Kinase 2 Inhibitor IN10018": "C166122", + "Pyruvate Kinase M2 Isoform Activator TP-1454": "C175380", + "Racemetyrosine/Methoxsalen/Phenytoin/Sirolimus SM-88": "C124051", + "Radgocitabine": "C82697", + "Radgocitabine Hydrochloride": "C150430", + "Ragifilimab": "C126643", + "Recombinant Bacterial Minicells VAX014": "C170742", + "Recombinant Erwinia asparaginase JZP-458": "C167120", + "Recombinant Human Papillomavirus 11-valent Vaccine": "C168605", + "Recombinant Human TRAIL-Trimer Fusion Protein SCB-313": "C170907", + "Recombinant Humanized Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MBS301": "C171377", + "Redaporfin": "C114382", + "RET/SRC Inhibitor TPX-0046": "C167210", + "Retifanlimab": "C142168", + "Revdofilimab": "C161864", + "Rezivertinib": "C154286", + "Ripertamab": "C124067", + "Roblitinib": "C120102", + "ROBO1-targeted BiCAR-NKT Cells": "C172380", + "Rocakinogene Sifuplasmid": "C116709", + "Roducitabine": "C113444", + "Rolinsatamab Talirine": "C137991", + "Roneparstat": "C104412", + "Ropeginterferon Alfa-2B": "C111892", + "Ropocamptide": "C118292", + "Rosopatamab": "C2652", + "RSK1-4 Inhibitor PMD-026": "C166135", + "Ruthenium-based Small Molecule Therapeutic BOLD-100": "C173373", + "Ruxotemitide": "C90547", + "Sabatolimab": "C124850", + "Samrotamab Vedotin": "C124134", + "Samuraciclib": "C155652", + "Sasanlimab": "C124058", + "SDF-1 Receptor Antagonist PTX-9908": "C170746", + "Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LX-039": "C168606", + "Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LY3484356": "C174042", + "Serclutamab Talirine": "C150590", + "SERD ZN-c5": "C167267", + "Serplulimab": "C156738", + "Shenqi Fuzheng Injection SQ001": "C171384", + "SHP2 Inhibitor RLY-1971": "C172988", + "Simlukafusp Alfa": "C129383", + "Simmitinib": "C170763", + "Simurosertib": "C126641", + "Siremadlin": "C116325", + "SIRPa-4-1BBL Fusion Protein DSP107": "C174171", + "SIRPa-Fc-CD40L Fusion Protein SL-172154": "C173706", + "Sotigalimab": "C123734", + "Sotorasib": "C154287", + "Spanlecortemlocel": "C111571", + "SRPK1/ABCG2 Inhibitor SCO-101": "C175512", + "STING Agonist BMS-986301": "C167292", + "STING Agonist GSK3745417": "C165748", + "STING Agonist IMSA101": "C165655", + "STING Agonist SB 11285": "C165566", + "STING Agonist TAK-676": "C173377", + "STING-expressing E. coli SYNB1891": "C167270", + "Sugemalimab": "C154550", + "Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic GC4711": "C173664", + "Synthetic Plumbagin PCUR-101": "C166377", + "Tafasitamab": "C95768", + "Taletrectinib": "C118948", + "Tamrintamab Pamozirine": "C124133", + "Tankyrase Inhibitor STP1002": "C174060", + "Tapotoclax": "C127817", + "Tasadenoturev": "C74067", + "Tebentafusp": "C94208", + "Teclistamab": "C136823", + "Tefinostat": "C152539", + "Telaglenastat": "C114381", + "Telaglenastat Hydrochloride": "C150413", + "Telisotuzumab": "C106262", + "Tepoditamab": "C148141", + "TGF-beta Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitor SH3051": "C173370", + "TGF-beta Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitor YL-13027": "C172107", + "Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine ATP128": "C165621", + "Thorium Th 227 Anetumab Corixetan": "C155977", + "Thorium Th 227 Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2701439": "C168996", + "Thorium Th 227 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody BAY 2315497": "C175301", + "Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor CX1106": "C168609", + "TIGIT Inhibitor M6223": "C173891", + "Tilogotamab": "C153259", + "Tiomolibdate Choline": "C62514", + "Tipiracil": "C152646", + "Tipiracil Hydrochloride": "C152647", + "Tirbanibulin": "C74077", + "TLR7 agonist BNT411": "C167350", + "TLR7 Agonist LHC165": "C166362", + "TM4SF1-CAR/EpCAM-CAR-expressing Autologous T Cells": "C173965", + "Tolebrutinib": "C173549", + "Topotecan Sustained-release Episcleral Plaque": "C173363", + "Trastuzumab Deruxtecan": "C128799", + "Trastuzumab Monomethyl Auristatin F": "C172821", + "Trastuzumab-TLR 7/8 Agonist BDC-1001": "C172388", + "Tris-acryl Gelatin Microspheres": "C126803", + "TRK Inhibitor TQB3558": "C173560", + "Troriluzole": "C142847", + "Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TL-895": "C172809", + "Upifitamab": "C147578", + "Urabrelimab": "C155976", + "Ursolic Acid": "C172843", + "Uzansertib": "C124226", + "Valecobulin": "C101264", + "Valemetostat": "C127114", + "Vesencumab": "C91728", + "Vibecotamab": "C127120", + "Vibostolimab": "C140041", + "Vorasidenib": "C152914", + "Vulinacimab": "C156172", + "Wee1 Inhibitor ZN-c3": "C167064", + "Wee1 Kinase Inhibitor Debio 0123": "C173426", + "Xeloda": "C1794", + "Xevinapant": "C90574", + "Xiliertinib": "C162552", + "Xisomab 3G3": "C171173", + "Yttrium Y 90 Tabituximab Barzuxetan": "C99168", + "Zandelisib": "C123925", + "Zanidatamab": "C130010", + "Zelavespib": "C101227", + "Zirconium Zr 89 Panitumumab": "C156043", + "Zorifertinib": "C118289", + "Zotatifin": "C105851", + "Zotiraciclib Citrate": "C28322", + "CDK4/6 Inhibitor": "", + "IGF-1R Inhibitor": "", + "Progestational IUD": "", + "Giloralimab": "", + "Vosilasarm": "" }, "clinical.diagnosis.best_overall_response": { "AJ-Adjuvant Therapy": "C15675", @@ -3896,13 +4516,6 @@ "High-Intermediate Risk": "C161808", "High Risk": "C161809" }, - "clinical.diagnosis.largest_extrapelvic_peritoneal_focus": { - "Macroscopic (2cm or less)": "C53696", - "Macroscopic (greater than 2cm)": "C51138", - "Microscopic": "C25252", - "Unknown": "C17998", - "Not Reported": "C43234" - }, "clinical.diagnosis.classification_of_tumor": { "metastasis": "C3261", "Not Allowed To Collect": "C141478", @@ -3914,12 +4527,6 @@ "Unknown": "C17998", "Premalignant": "C36032" }, - "clinical.diagnosis.perineural_invasion_present": { - "No": "C49487", - "Unknown": "C17998", - "Yes": "C49488", - "Not Reported": "C43234" - }, "clinical.diagnosis.prior_malignancy": { "no": "C49487", "Not Allowed To Collect": "C141478", @@ -3956,13 +4563,6 @@ "Unknown": "C17998", "Not Reported": "C43234" }, - "clinical.diagnosis.vascular_invasion_present": { - "No": "C49487", - "Not Allowed To Collect": "C141478", - "Not Reported": "C43234", - "Unknown": "C17998", - "Yes": "C49488" - }, "clinical.exposure.tobacco_smoking_status": { "1": "C65108", "2": "C67147", @@ -4227,6 +4827,7 @@ "Stage IA": "C27975", "Stage IA1": "C27983", "Stage IA2": "C27984", + "Stage IA3": "C136485", "Stage IB": "C27976", "Stage IB1": "C28052", "Stage IB2": "C28053", @@ -4298,6 +4899,7 @@ "M1a": "C48701", "M1b": "C48702", "M1c": "C48703", + "M1d": "", "M2": "", "MX": "C48704", "Not Reported": "C43234", @@ -4411,6 +5013,12 @@ "Unknown": "C17998", "Yes": "C49488" }, + "clinical.diagnosis.ann_arbor_b_symptoms_described": { + "Fever": "C3038", + "Night Sweats": "C3279", + "Other": "C17649", + "Weight Loss": "C3445" + }, "clinical.diagnosis.ann_arbor_clinical_stage": { "Not Reported": "C43234", "Stage I": "C125472", @@ -4477,8 +5085,8 @@ }, "clinical.diagnosis.last_known_disease_status": { "Biochemical evidence of disease without structural correlate": "C165197", - "Distant met recurrence/progression": "", - "Loco-regional recurrence/progression": "", + "Distant met recurrence/progression": "C35933", + "Loco-regional recurrence/progression": "C8524", "Not Allowed To Collect": "C141478", "not reported": "C43234", "Tumor free": "C156848", @@ -4494,12 +5102,6 @@ "Unilateral": "C28012", "Unknown": "C17998" }, - "clinical.diagnosis.lymphatic_invasion_present": { - "No": "C49487", - "Not Reported": "C43234", - "Unknown": "C17998", - "Yes": "C49488" - }, "clinical.diagnosis.method_of_diagnosis": { "Autopsy": "C25153", "Biopsy": "C15189", @@ -4520,7 +5122,7 @@ "Not Reported": "C43234", "Other": "C17649", "Pap Smear": "C17348", - "Surgical Resection": "C15232", + "Surgical Resection": "C158758", "Thoracentesis": "C15392", "Ultrasound Guided Biopsy": "C93022", "Unknown": "C17998", @@ -4533,9 +5135,13 @@ "Unknown": "C17998" }, "clinical.follow_up.comorbidity": { + "Abnormal Glucose Level": "", "Acute Renal Failure": "C26808", + "Adenocarcinoma": "C2852", + "Adenomatous Polyposis Coli": "C3339", "Adrenocortical Insufficiency": "C26691", "Allergies": "C114476", + "Alpha-1 Antitrypsin": "C84397", "Anemia": "C2869", "Anxiety": "C26696", "Arrhythmia": "C2881", @@ -4548,49 +5154,73 @@ "Bacteroides fragilis": "C86172", "Barrett's Esophagus": "C2891", "Basal Cell Carcinoma": "C2921", + "Beckwith-Wiedemann": "C34415", "Behcet's Disease": "C34416", + "Biliary Disorder": "C2899", "Blood Clots": "C27083", "Bone Fracture(s)": "C3046", "Bronchitis": "C2911", "Calcium Channel Blockers": "C333", "Cancer": "C9305", "Cataracts": "C26713", + "Celiac Disease": "C26714", "Cerebrovascular Disease": "C2938", "Chlamydia": "C34463", + "Cholelithiasis": "C122822", + "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome": "C3037", "Chronic Renal Failure": "C9438", "Chronic Systemic Steroid Use": "C174112", + "Cirrhosis, Unknown Etiology": "C2951", + "Clonal Hematopoiesis": "C162188", "Colon Polyps": "C2954", "Common Variable Immunodeficiency": "C26725", "Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)": "C3080", "Connective Tissue Disorder": "C26729", "COPD": "C3199", "Coronary Artery Disease": "C26732", + "Crohn's Disease": "C2965", "Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia": "C62586", "Cryptococcal Meningitis": "C174113", "Cytomegalovirus (CMV)": "C53649", "Deep Vein Thrombosis / Thromboembolism": ["C49343", "C50713"], + "Denys-Drash Syndrome": "C84668", "Depression": "C2982", "Diabetes": "C2985", + "Diabetes, Type II": "C26747", "Diabetic Neuropathy": "C26748", "Diet Controlled Diabetes": "", "Diverticulitis": "C26752", - "DVT/PE": ["C49343", "C50713"], + "DVT/PE": ["C49343","C50713"], "Dyslipidemia": "C80385", "Eczema": "C3001", "Epilepsy": "C3020", "Epstein-Barr Virus": "C14204", + "Familial Adenomatous Polyposis": "C3339", + "Fanconi Anemia": "C62505", + "Fibromyalgia": "C87497", + "Fibrosis": "C3044", + "Gastritis": "C26780", "Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease": "C26781", "GERD": "C26781", "Glaucoma": "C26782", + "Glycogen Storage Disease": "C61272", "Gonadal Dysfunction": "C26786", + "Gorlin Syndrome": "C2892", "Gout": "C34650", + "H. pylori Infection": "C39293", "Hashimoto's Thyroiditis": "C27191", "Headache": "C34661", "Heart Disease": "C3079", + "Hemihypertrophy": "C88541", "Hemorrhagic Cystitis": "C114666", "Hepatitis": "C3095", + "Hepatitis A Infection": "C3096", "Hepatitis B Infection": "C3097", "Hepatitis C Infection": "C3098", + "Hepatitis, Chronic": "C82978", + "Hereditary Non-polyposis Colon Cancer": "C120083", + "Herpes": "C155871", + "High Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule": "C96768", "HIV / AIDS": "C2851", "Human Papillomavirus Infection": "C27851", "HUS/TTP": ["C75545", "C78797"], @@ -4609,17 +5239,21 @@ "ITP": "C3446", "Joint Replacement": "C131579", "Kidney Disease": "C3149", + "Li-Fraumeni Syndrome": "C3476", "Liver Cirrhosis (Liver Disease)": "C2951", "Liver Toxicity (Non-Infectious)": "", + "Low Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule": "C96770", "Lupus": "C27153", "Lymphocytic Meningitis": "C174114", - "MAI": "", + "Lynch Syndrome": "C8494", + "MAI": "C27314", "Malaria": "C34797", "Metabolic Syndrome": "C84442", "Myasthenia Gravis": "C60989", "Mycobacterium avium Complex": "C36197", "Myocardial Infarction": "C27996", - "Not Reported": "C43234", + "Neuroendocrine Tumor": "C3809", + "Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis": "C84445", "Obesity": "C3283", "Organ transplant (site)": "C15289", "Osteoarthritis": "C3293", @@ -4633,7 +5267,11 @@ "Peptic Ulcer (Ulcer)": "C3318", "Peripheral Neuropathy": "C119734", "Peripheral Vascular Disease": "C35136", + "Peutz-Jeghers Disease": "C3324", + "Pneumocystis Pneumonia": "C3334", + "Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)": "C26862", "Pregnancy in Patient or Partner": "C124295", + "Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis": "C4828", "Psoriasis": "C3346", "Pulmonary Fibrosis": "C26869", "Pulmonary Hemorrhage": "C78578", @@ -4642,6 +5280,7 @@ "Renal Insufficiency": "C4376", "Rheumatoid Arthritis": "C2884", "Rheumatologic Disease": "C27204", + "Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome": "C75466", "Sarcoidosis": "C34995", "Seizure": "C2962", "Shingles": "C71079", @@ -4649,51 +5288,18 @@ "Sleep apnea": "C26884", "Smoking": "C17934", "Staphylococcus aureus": "C122576", + "Steatosis": "C36185", "Stroke": "C3390", "Syphilis": "C35055", "Transient Ischemic Attack": "C50781", - "Treponema pallidum": "C85197", + "Treponema pallidum": "C85197", "Tuberculosis": "C3423", - "Ulcerative Colitis": "C2952", - "Unknown": "C17998", - "Adenocarcinoma": "C2852", - "Adenomatous Polyposis Coli": "C3339", - "Beckwith-Wiedemann": "C34415", - "Celiac Disease": "C26714", - "Crohn's Disease": "C2965", - "Diabetes, Type II": "C26747", - "Familial Adenomatous Polyposis": "C3339", - "Fanconi Anemia": "C62505", - "Glycogen Storage Disease": "C61272", - "Gorlin Syndrome": "C2892", - "H. pylori Infection": "C39293", - "Hereditary Non-polyposis Colon Cancer": "C120083", - "Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm": "C38342", - "Li-Fraumeni Syndrome": "C3476", - "Lynch Syndrome": "C8494", - "Neuroendocrine Tumor": "C3809", - "Peutz-Jeghers Disease": "C3324", - "Pneumocystis Pneumonia": "C3334", - "Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)": "C26862", - "Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome": "C75466", "Turcot Syndrome": "C3938", "Tyrosinemia": "C98640", - "Alpha-1 Antitrypsin": "C84397", - "Biliary Disorder": "C2899", - "Cirrhosis, Unknown Etiology": "C2951", - "Hepatitis A Infection": "C3096", - "Herpes": "C50583", - "Cholelithiasis": "C122822", - "Denys-Drash Syndrome": "C84668", - "Fibrosis": "C3044", - "Hemihypertrophy": "C88541", - "Hepatitis, Chronic": "C82978", - "High Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule": "C96768", - "Low Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule": "C96770", - "Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis": "C84445", - "Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis": "C4828", - "Steatosis": "C36185", - "Wagr Syndrome": "C3718" + "Ulcerative Colitis": "C2952", + "Wagr Syndrome": "C3718", + "Unknown": "C17998", + "Not Reported": "C43234" }, "clinical.follow_up.disease_response": { "AJ-Adjuvant Therapy": "C15675", @@ -4791,32 +5397,6 @@ "No Measurable Disease": "C40413" }, "clinical.treatment.treatment_type": { - "Chemoembolization": "C15752", - "Chemotherapy": "C15632", - "Concurrent Chemoradiation": "C141342", - "Cryoablation": "C15215", - "Embolization": "C15230", - "Ethanol Injection Ablation": "C67444", - "External Beam Radiation": "C15751", - "Hormone Therapy": "C15445", - "I-131 Radiation Therapy": "C157968", - "Immunotherapy (Including Vaccines)": "C15262", - "Internal Radiation": "C15195", - "Not Reported": "C43234", - "Other": "C17649", - "Radioembolization": "C93340", - "Stem Cell Treatment": "C165194", - "Surgery": "C15329", - "Targeted Molecular Therapy": "C76243", - "Unknown": "C17998", - "Brachytherapy, High Dose": "C15651", - "Brachytherapy, Low Dose": "C85254", - "Radiation Therapy, NOS": "C15313", - "Radiation, 3D Conformal": "C16035", - "Radiation, Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy": "C16135", - "Radiation, Proton Beam": "C66897", - "Stereotactic Radiosurgery": "C15358", - "Radiation, 2D Conventional": "C165189", "Ablation, Cryo": "C15215", "Ablation, Ethanol Injection": "C67444", "Ablation, Microwave": "C116643", @@ -4827,30 +5407,59 @@ "Antiseizure Treatment": "C64172", "Bisphosphonate Therapy": "C443", "Blinded Study, Treatment Unknown": "C70840", + "Brachytherapy, High Dose": "C15651", + "Brachytherapy, Low Dose": "C85254", "Brachytherapy, NOS": "C15195", + "Chemoembolization": "C15752", "Chemoprotectant": "C15533", + "Chemotherapy": "C15632", + "Concurrent Chemoradiation": "C141342", + "Cryoablation": "C15215", + "Embolization": "C15230", + "Ethanol Injection Ablation": "C67444", + "External Beam Radiation": "C15751", + "Hormone Therapy": "C15445", + "I-131 Radiation Therapy": "C157968", + "Immunotherapy (Including Vaccines)": "C15262", + "Internal Radiation": "C15195", "Isolated Limb Perfusion (ILP)": "C15393", "Organ Transplantation": "C15289", + "Other": "C17649", "Pharmaceutical Therapy, NOS": "C15986", "Pleurodesis": "C66899", + "Radiation Therapy, NOS": "C15313", + "Radiation, 2D Conventional": "C165189", + "Radiation, 3D Conformal": "C16035", "Radiation, Combination": "C165192", "Radiation, Cyberknife": "C95484", "Radiation, External Beam": "C15751", + "Radiation, Hypofractionated": "C62726", "Radiation, Implants": "C66891", + "Radiation, Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy": "C16135", "Radiation, Internal": "C15195", + "Radiation, Mixed Photon Beam": "C152055", + "Radiation, Photon Beam": "C104914", + "Radiation, Proton Beam": "C66897", "Radiation, Radioisotope": "C15470", "Radiation, Stereotactic/Gamma Knife/SRS": "C15382", "Radiation, Systemic": "C92991", "Radioactive Iodine Therapy": "C157968", + "Radioembolization": "C93340", "Radiosensitizing Agent": "C798", + "Stem Cell Transplantation, Allogeneic": "C46089", "Stem Cell Transplantation, Autologous": "C16039", "Stem Cell Transplantation, Double Autologous": "C116466", - "Stem Cell Transplantation, Allogeneic": "C46089", - "Stem Cell Transplantation, Non-Myeloablative": "C62714", - "Stem Cell Transplantation, Syngenic": "C93196", "Stem Cell Transplantation, Haploidentical": "C138187", + "Stem Cell Transplantation, Non-Myeloablative": "C62714", "Stem Cell Transplantation, NOS": "C15431", - "Steroid Therapy": "C15370" + "Stem Cell Transplantation, Syngenic": "C93196", + "Stem Cell Treatment": "C165194", + "Stereotactic Radiosurgery": "C15358", + "Steroid Therapy": "C15370", + "Surgery": "C15329", + "Targeted Molecular Therapy": "C76243", + "Unknown": "C17998", + "Not Reported": "C43234" }, "clinical.diagnosis.primary_diagnosis": { "Not Reported": "C43234", @@ -5130,7 +5739,7 @@ "Tongue": "C12422", "Tonsil": "C12802", "Tonsil (Pharyngeal)": "C33318", - "Trachea / Major Bronchi": "", + "Trachea / Major Bronchi": "C12961", "Transverse Colon": "C12385", "Trunk": "C33816", "Umbilical Cord": "C34320", @@ -5610,7 +6219,7 @@ "Tongue": "C12422", "Tonsil": "C12802", "Tonsil (Pharyngeal)": "C33318", - "Trachea / Major Bronchi": "C12428", + "Trachea / Major Bronchi": "C12961", "Transverse Colon": "C12385", "Trunk": "C33816", "Umbilical Cord": "C34320", @@ -6474,6 +7083,7 @@ "5 Prime UTR Variant": "C63432", "Coding Sequence Variant": "C148639", "Downstream Gene Variant": "C63431", + "Exon Variant": "C148639", "Feature Elongation": "C148640", "Feature Truncation": "C148641", "Frameshift Variant": "C17354", @@ -6646,6 +7256,7 @@ "CHD2": "C75307", "CHD4": "C128251", "CHEK2": "C40965", + "CHGA": "C21167", "CHIC2": "C97406", "CHST11": "C143061", "CIC": "C97912", @@ -7153,6 +7764,7 @@ "SUFU": "C97819", "SUZ12": "C73545", "SYK": "C26536", + "SYP": "C101144", "TAF15": "C95994", "TAL1": "C18301", "TAL2": "C24843", @@ -7368,6 +7980,7 @@ "CHD2": "C75307", "CHD4": "C128251", "CHEK2": "C40965", + "CHGA": "C21167", "CHIC2": "C97406", "CHST11": "C143061", "CIC": "C97912", @@ -7873,6 +8486,7 @@ "SUFU": "C97819", "SUZ12": "C73545", "SYK": "C26536", + "SYP": "C101144", "TAF15": "C95994", "TAL1": "C18301", "TAL2": "C24843", @@ -8080,6 +8694,7 @@ "CD7": "C38935", "CD79A": "C97423", "HLA-DR": "C16692", + "Ki67": "C17675", "Mesothelin": "C20887", "NSE": "C62216", "Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)": "C17525", @@ -8166,15 +8781,18 @@ "Second_Stranded": "C150426" }, "biospecimen.read_group.library_strategy": { + "ATAC-Seq": "C156056", "Bisulfite-Seq": "C106054", "ChIP-Seq": "C106049", + "HiChIP": "", + "m6A RNA Methylation": "", + "miRNA-Seq": "C156057", "RNA-Seq": "C124261", + "scATAC-Seq": "", "scRNA-Seq": "C171152", "Targeted Sequencing": "C130177", "WGS": "C101294", - "WXS": "C101295", - "miRNA-Seq": "C156057", - "ATAC-Seq": "C156056" + "WXS": "C101295" }, "biospecimen.read_group.platform": { "Illumina": "C146817", @@ -8237,42 +8855,43 @@ "Not Reported": "C43234", "Right": "C25228", "Unknown": "C17998", - "Bilateral": "C13332", - "Left": "C25229" - }, - "biospecimen.sample.composition": { - "Granulocytes": "C12530", - "Lymphocytes": "C12535", - "Not Reported": "C43234", - "Peripheral Whole Blood": "C41067", - "Plasma": "C13356", - "Pleural Effusion": "C3331", - "Saliva": "C13275", - "Serum": "C13325", - "Sputum": "C13278", - "Unknown": "C17998", + "Bilateral": "C13332", + "Left": "C25229" + }, + "biospecimen.sample.composition": { "2D Classical Conditionally Reprogrammed Cells": "C172257", "2D Modified Conditionally Reprogrammed Cells": "C172258", - "3D Organoid": "C172259", "3D Air-Liquid Interface Organoid": "C172260", "3D Neurosphere": "C172261", + "3D Organoid": "C172259", "Adherent Cell Line": "C20216", - "Buccal Cells": "C172264", - "Buffy Coat": "C84507", "Bone Marrow Components": "C164009", "Bone Marrow Components NOS": "C164009", - "Control Analyte": "C156442", + "Buccal Cells": "C172264", + "Buffy Coat": "C84507", "Cell": "C12508", + "Control Analyte": "C156442", "Derived Cell Line": "C156445", "EBV Immortalized": "C163993", "Fibroblasts from Bone Marrow Normal": "C164010", + "Granulocytes": "C12530", "Human Original Cells": "C19315", "Liquid Suspension Cell Line": "C20217", + "Lymphocytes": "C12535", + "Mixed Adherent Suspension": "C174118", "Mononuclear Cells from Bone Marrow Normal": "C164011", "Peripheral Blood Components NOS": "C17610", + "Peripheral Whole Blood": "C41067", + "Plasma": "C13356", + "Pleural Effusion": "C3331", + "Saliva": "C13275", + "Serum": "C13325", "Solid Tissue": "C164014", "Sorted Cells": "C126974", - "Whole Bone Marrow": "C84513" + "Sputum": "C13278", + "Whole Bone Marrow": "C84513", + "Unknown": "C17998", + "Not Reported": "C43234" }, "biospecimen.sample.diagnosis_pathologically_confirmed": { "No": "C49487", @@ -8330,7 +8949,7 @@ "Superficial Parotidectomy": "C51910", "Supracricoid Laryngectomy": "C91839", "Supraglottic Laryngectomy": "C51889", - "Surgical Resection": "C15232", + "Surgical Resection": "C158758", "Total Colectomy": "C51924", "Total Mastectomy": "C15281", "Total Laryngectomy": "C51771", @@ -8451,7 +9070,7 @@ "Xenograft Tissue": "C12932", "Benign Neoplasms": "C3677", "In Situ Neoplasms": "C36118", - "Neoplasms of Uncertain and Unknown Behavior": "", + "Neoplasms of Uncertain and Unknown Behavior": "C65157", "Blood Derived Liquid Biopsy": "C135727", "Expanded Next Generation Cancer Model": "" }, @@ -8517,16 +9136,6 @@ "Unknown": "C17998", "Not Reported": "C43234" }, - "clinical.diagnosis.anaplasia_present_type": { - "Equivocal": "C86071", - "Present": "C36113", - "Sclerosis": "C69309", - "Absent": "C48190", - "Diffuse": "C14175", - "Focal": "C28224", - "Unknown": "C17998", - "Not Reported": "C43234" - }, "clinical.diagnosis.child_pugh_classification": { "A": "C113691", "A5": "C146790", @@ -8724,38 +9333,46 @@ "clinical.diagnosis.metastasis_at_diagnosis_site": { "Abdomen": "C12664", "Adrenal Gland": "C12666", + "Ascites": "C2885", "Bone": "C12366", "Bone Marrow": "C12431", "Brain": "C12439", "Central Nervous System": "C12438", "Cerebrospinal Fluid": "C12692", + "Colon": "C12382", + "Distant Nodes": "C172221", + "Distant Organ": "C172223", + "Esophagus": "C12389", + "Gastrointestinal Tract": "C34082", + "Groin": "C12726", + "Heart": "C12727", + "Kidney": "C12415", "Liver": "C12392", "Lung": "C12468", + "Lymph Node, Axillary": "C12904", + "Lymph Node, Inguinal": "C32801", + "Lymph Node, NOS": "C12745", "Mediastinum": "C12748", - "Not Reported": "C43234", + "Neck": "C13063", + "Omentum": "C33209", + "Ovary": "C12404", + "Pancreas": "C12393", + "Pelvis": "C12767", "Peritoneal Cavity": "C12769", "Peritoneum": "C12770", "Pleura": "C12469", + "Retroperitoneum": "C12298", + "Scalp": "C89807", "Skin": "C12470", + "Small Intestine": "C12386", "Soft Tissue": "C12471", "Spinal Cord": "C12464", + "Urethra": "C12417", + "Uterine Adnexa": "C12321", + "Vertebral Canal": "C33869", + "Vulva, NOS": "C12408", "Unknown": "C17998", - "Ascites": "C2885", - "Distant Nodes": "C172221", - "Distant Organ": "C172223", - "Esophagus": "C12389", - "Colon": "C12382", - "Groin": "C12726", - "Omentum": "C33209", - "Ovary": "C12404", - "Pelvis": "C12767", - "Scalp": "C89807", - "Lymph Node, Axillary": "C12904", - "Lymph Node, Inguinal": "C32801", - "Lymph Node, NOS": "C12745", - "Small Intestine": "C12386", - "Kidney": "C12415", - "Pancreas": "C12393" + "Not Reported": "C43234" }, "clinical.diagnosis.ovarian_specimen_status": { "Ovarian Capsule Intact": "C164042", @@ -8789,49 +9406,48 @@ "clinical.diagnosis.morphology": { "Not Reported": "C43234", "Unknown": "C17998", + "8020/6": "", + "8040/3": "", "8041/34": "", + "8041/6": "", + "8046/6": "", "8070/33": "", "8140/33": "", - "8370/1": "", - "8521/1": "", - "8522/1": "", - "9752/1": "", - "9753/1": "", - "9754/3": "", + "8240/6": "", + "8249/6": "", "8310/6": "", "8311/6": "", + "8370/1": "", "8441/6": "", - "8482/6": "", - "8806/6": "", - "8020/6": "", - "8041/6": "", - "8040/3": "", - "8046/6": "", - "8240/6": "", "8471/1": "", + "8482/6": "", "8500/6": "", + "8521/1": "", + "8522/1": "", "8720/6": "", + "8800/6": "", "8801/6": "", "8804/6": "", + "8806/6": "", "8920/6": "", "8950/6": "", "9180/6": "", - "9440/6": "" - }, - "clinical.diagnosis.peripancreatic_lymph_nodes_positive": { - "0": "C70430", - "Not Reported": "C43234", - "Unknown": "C17998", - "1-3": "C172224", - "4 or More": "C172226" + "9440/6": "", + "9752/1": "", + "9753/1": "", + "9754/3": "" }, "clinical.diagnosis.supratentorial_localization": { "Cerebral Cortex": "C12443", - "Not Reported": "C43234", + "Deep Gray (e.g. Basal Ganglia, Thalamus)": "C158080", + "Frontal lobe": "C12352", + "Occipital lobe": "C12355", + "Parietal lobe": "C12354", "Spinal Cord": "C12464", - "Unknown": "C17998", + "Temporal lobe": "C12353", "White Matter": "C33892", - "Deep Gray (e.g. Basal Ganglia, Thalamus)": "C158080" + "Unknown": "C17998", + "Not Reported": "C43234" }, "clinical.diagnosis.synchronous_malignancy": { "No": "C49487", @@ -8858,16 +9474,6 @@ "Low Grade": "C14161", "Intermediate Grade": "C28083" }, - "clinical.diagnosis.vascular_invasion_type": { - "Not Reported": "C43234", - "Unknown": "C17998", - "Macro": "C43566", - "Micro": "C25252", - "No Vascular Invasion": "C164046", - "Extramural": "C44280", - "Intramural": "C25234" - }, - "clinical.diagnosis.who_cns_grade": { "Grade I": "C62394", "Grade II": "C62395", @@ -8982,27 +9588,10 @@ "Surgically Treated": "C15329" }, "clinical.follow_up.risk_factor": { - "Beckwith-Wiedemann": "C34415", - "Colon Polyps": "C2954", - "Colonization, Bacterial": "C171138", - "Colonization, Fungal": "C82980", - "Denys-Drash Syndrome": "C84668", - "Diabetes, Type II": "C26747", - "Familial Adenomatous Polyposis": "C3339", - "Fanconi Anemia": "C62505", - "Gorlin Syndrome": "C2892", - "Hemihypertrophy": "C88541", - "Li-Fraumeni Syndrome": "C3476", - "Lynch Syndrome": "C8494", - "Not Reported": "C43234", - "Obesity": "C3283", - "Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome": "C75466", - "Turcot Syndrome": "C3938", - "Unknown": "C17998", - "Wagr Syndrome": "C3718", - "Diet": "C15222", - "Adenosis (Atypical Adenomatous Hyperplasia)": ["C120861", "C5665"], + "Abnormal Glucose Level": "", + "Adenosis (Atypical Adenomatous Hyperplasia)": ["C120861","C5665"], "Alcohol Consumption": "C16273", + "Alcoholic Liver Disease": "C34783", "Allergy, Animal, NOS": "C172303", "Allergy, Ant": "C172307", "Allergy, Bee": "C172308", @@ -9025,32 +9614,54 @@ "Bacteroides fragilis": "C86172", "BAP1 Tumor Predisposition Syndrome": "C172639", "Barrett's Esophagus": "C2891", + "Beckwith-Wiedemann": "C34415", "Behcet's Disease": "C34416", "Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia": "C2897", "Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome": "C28244", "BRCA Family History": "C172230", "Cancer": "C9305", "Chlamydia": "C34463", + "Cholelithiasis": "C122822", + "Chronic Hepatitis": "C82978", + "Chronic Kidney Disease": "C80078", "Chronic Systemic Steroid Use": "C174112", "Cirrhosis": "C2951", + "Colon Polyps": "C2954", + "Colonization, Bacterial": "C171138", + "Colonization, Fungal": "C82980", "Common variable immune deficiency (CVID)": "C26725", "Cowden Syndrome": "C3076", "Cryptococcal Meningitis": "C174113", "Cyst(s)": "C2978", "Cytomegalovirus (CMV)": "C53649", + "Denys-Drash Syndrome": "C84668", "Diabetes, NOS": "C2985", "Diabetes, Type I": "C2986", + "Diabetes, Type II": "C26747", + "Diet": "C15222", "Diverticulitis": "C26752", "Eczema": "C3001", + "Endometriosis": "C3014", + "Endosalpingiosis": "C40121", "Epithelial Dysplasia": "C8366", "Epithelial Hyperplasia": "", "Epstein-Barr Virus": "C14204", + "Escherichia coli": "C34594", + "Familial Adenomatous Polyposis": "C3339", + "Fanconi Anemia": "C62505", + "Fibrosis": "C3044", + "Gastric Polyp(s)": "C3954", + "Gastritis": "C26780", "Gilbert's Syndrome": "C84729", "Glomerular Disease": "C35605", + "Gorlin Syndrome": "C2892", "Hashimoto's Thyroiditis": "C27191", "Hay Fever": "C92188", "Headache": "C34661", + "Helicobacter Pylori-Associated Gastritis": "C27121", "Hematologic Disorder, NOS": "C26323", + "Hemihypertrophy": "C88541", + "Hemochromatosis": "C82892", "Hepatic Encephalopathy": "C79596", "Hepatitis B Infection": "C3097", "Hepatitis C Infection": "C3098", @@ -9062,28 +9673,46 @@ "Hereditary Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma": "C9222", "Hereditary Prostate Cancer": "C103817", "Hereditary Renal Cell Carcinoma": "C39789", + "High Grade Dysplasia": "C156083", "High-grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN)": "C5541", "HIV": "C14219", "Human Papillomavirus Infection": "C27851", "Hypospadias": "C40341", "Inflammation": "C3137", "Inflammation, Hyperkeratosis": "C5541", + "Intestinal Metaplasia": "C8360", + "Iron Overload": "C78393", + "Li-Fraumeni Syndrome": "C3476", + "Low Grade Dysplasia": "C156084", "Lymphocytic Meningitis": "C174114", "Lymphocytic Thyroiditis": "C38766", + "Lynch Syndrome": "C8494", "Malaria": "C34797", "Metabolic Syndrome": "C84442", "Myasthenia Gravis": "C60989", "Mycobacterium avium Complex": "C36197", "Nodular Prostatic Hyperplasia": "", + "Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease": "C84444", + "Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis": "C84445", + "Obesity": "C3283", "Oral Contraceptives": "C389", "Pancreatitis": "C3306", + "Parasitic Disease of Biliary Tract": "", + "Pneumocystis Pneumonia": "C3334", + "Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)": "C26862", + "Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis": "C4828", + "Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis": "C164213", + "Reflux Disease": "C26781", "Rheumatoid Arthritis": "C2884", + "Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome": "C75466", "Sarcoidosis": "C34995", "Seizure": "C2962", "Sensory Changes": "C157429", + "Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC)": "C126449", "Shingles": "C71079", "Sialadenitis": "C26882", "Sjogren's Syndrome": "C26883", + "Skin Rash": "C39594", "Squamous Metaplasia": "C3237", "Staphylococcus aureus": "C122576", "Steatosis": "C82983", @@ -9099,32 +9728,14 @@ "Tuberous Sclerosis": "C3424", "Tubulointerstitial Disease": "C123036", "Tumor-associated Lymphoid Proliferation": "C171150", + "Turcot Syndrome": "C3938", "Undescended Testis": "C12326", "Vascular Disease": "C35117", "Vision Changes": "C157424", "Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome": "C3105", - "Alcoholic Liver Disease": "C34783", - "Cholelithiasis": "C122822", - "Chronic Hepatitis": "C82978", - "Fibrosis": "C3044", - "Gastric Polyp(s)": "C3954", - "Helicobacter Pylori-Associated Gastritis": "C27121", - "Hemochromatosis": "C82892", - "High Grade Dysplasia": "C156083", - "Intestinal Metaplasia": "C8360", - "Iron Overload": "C78393", - "Low Grade Dysplasia": "C156084", - "Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease": "C84444", - "Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis": "C84445", - "Parasitic Disease of Biliary Tract": "", - "Pneumocystis Pneumonia": "C3334", - "Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)": "C26862", - "Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis": "C4828", - "Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis": "C164213", - "Reflux Disease": "C26781", - "Endometriosis": "C3014", - "Endosalpingiosis": "C40121", - "Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC)": "C126449" + "Wagr Syndrome": "C3718", + "Unknown": "C17998", + "Not Reported": "C43234" }, "clinical.follow_up.viral_hepatitis_serologies": { "HBV Core Antibody": "C62797", @@ -9172,16 +9783,18 @@ "Tissue Slide": "C165223" }, "data_file.submitted_aligned_reads.experimental_strategy": { + "ATAC-Seq": "C156056", "Bisulfite-Seq": "C106054", "ChIP-Seq": "C106049", + "HiChIP": "", + "m6A RNA Methylation": "", + "miRNA-Seq": "C156057", "RNA-Seq": "C124261", + "scATAC-Seq": "", "scRNA-Seq": "C171152", "Targeted Sequencing": "C130177", "WGS": "C101294", - "WXS": "C101295", - "Low Pass WGS": "C165220", - "miRNA-Seq": "C156057", - "ATAC-Seq": "C156056" + "WXS": "C101295" }, "data_file.submitted_genomic_profile.type": { "submitted_genomic_profile": "C94411" @@ -9211,16 +9824,18 @@ "Genotyping Array": "C165219" }, "data_file.submitted_unaligned_reads.experimental_strategy": { + "ATAC-Seq": "C156056", "Bisulfite-Seq": "C106054", "ChIP-Seq": "C106049", + "HiChIP": "", + "m6A RNA Methylation": "", + "miRNA-Seq": "C156057", "RNA-Seq": "C124261", + "scATAC-Seq": "", "scRNA-Seq": "C171152", "Targeted Sequencing": "C130177", "WGS": "C101294", - "WXS": "C101295", - "ATAC-Seq": "C156056", - "Low Pass WGS": "C165220", - "miRNA-Seq": "C156057" + "WXS": "C101295" }, "clinical.demographic.premature_at_birth": { "No": "C49487", @@ -9236,12 +9851,6 @@ "Unknown": "C17998", "Not Reported": "C43234" }, - "clinical.diagnosis.anaplasia_present": { - "No": "C49487", - "Not Reported": "C43234", - "Unknown": "C17998", - "Yes": "C49488" - }, "clinical.molecular_test.biospecimen_type": { "Blood": "C12434", "Bone Marrow": "C12431", @@ -9332,6 +9941,7 @@ "data_file.submitted_unaligned_reads.read_pair_number": { "R1": "C172301", "R2": "C172302", + "R3": "", "Not Applicable": "C48660" }, "clinical.diagnosis.tumor_focality": { @@ -9406,6 +10016,20 @@ "X": "", "Y": "" }, + "biospecimen.analyte.experimental_protocol_type": { + "aDNA Preparation Type": "", + "Allprep FFPE DNA": "", + "Allprep RNA Extraction": "", + "Chemical Lysis DNA Extraction": "", + "Genomplex": "C128787", + "HighPure miRNA (Allprep DNA) FFPE RNA": "", + "mirVana (Allprep DNA) RNA": "", + "nRNA - Melanoma Protocol": "", + "Pre-extracted DNA received by TSS": "", + "Repli-G": "C128788", + "Repli-G X": "C156439", + "Total RNA": "C163995" + }, "biospecimen.analyte.analyte_type_id": { "D": "C449", "E": "", @@ -9947,30 +10571,6 @@ "Pattern 4": "C28088", "Pattern 5": "C28089" }, - "clinical.diagnosis.lymph_node_involved_site": { - "Axillary": "C12904", - "Cervical": "C32298", - "Epitrochlear": "C98182", - "Femoral": "C98183", - "Hilar": "C102330", - "Iliac-common": "C103384", - "Iliac-external": "C88143", - "Iliac, NOS": "C32761", - "Inguinal": "C32801", - "Mediastinal": "C33073", - "Mesenteric": "C77641", - "None": "C41132", - "Occipital": "C98188", - "Paraaortic": "C77643", - "Parotid": "C33278", - "Popliteal": "C53146", - "Retroperitoneal": "C98189", - "Splenic": "C142320", - "Submandibular": "C77650", - "Supraclavicular": "C12903", - "Unknown": "C17998", - "Not Reported": "C43234" - }, "clinical.diagnosis.margins_involved_site": { "Gerota Fascia": "C162125", "Parenchyma": "C74601", @@ -9987,12 +10587,6 @@ "Unknown": "C17998", "Not Reported": "C43234" }, - "clinical.diagnosis.transglottic_extension": { - "Absent": "C38757", - "Present": "C160996", - "Unknown": "C17998", - "Not Reported": "C43234" - }, "clinical.exposure.exposure_duration": { "Six Weeks or More": "C171137", "Unknown": "C17998", @@ -10161,7 +10755,8 @@ }, "clinical.treatment.treatment_dose_units": { "cGy": "C64693", - "Gy": "C18063" + "Gy": "C18063", + "mg": "C28253" }, "clinical.treatment.treatment_effect_indicator": { "Yes": "C49488", @@ -10220,12 +10815,18 @@ "High Grade": "C156083", "Indefinite": "C164039", "Low Grade": "C156084", + "Mild": "C8362", + "Moderate": "C8363", "No Dysplasia": "C164040", + "Severe": "C8364", "Unknown": "C17998", "Not Reported": "C43234" }, "clinical.pathology_detail.dysplasia_type": { + "Epithelial": "C8366", "Esophageal Columnar Dysplasia": "C174120", + "Keratinizing": "C161017", + "Nonkeratinizing": "C161016", "Other": "C17649", "Unknown": "C17998", "Not Reported": "C43234" @@ -10241,7 +10842,7 @@ "Axillary": "C12904", "Cervical": "C32298", "Epitrochlear": "C98182", - "C43234": "C98183", + "Femoral": "C98183", "Hilar": "C102330", "Iliac-common": "C103384", "Iliac-external": "C88143", @@ -10262,9 +10863,9 @@ "Not Reported": "C43234" }, "clinical.pathology_detail.lymph_node_involvement": { - "Positive": "", - "Negative": "", "Indeterminant": "", + "Negative": "C36174", + "Positive": "C27296", "Unknown": "C17998", "Not Reported": "C43234" }, @@ -10297,6 +10898,11 @@ "Solid": "C36182", "Tubular": "C35925" }, + "clinical.pathology_detail.necrosis_present": { + "Yes": "C49488", + "No": "C49487", + "Not Reported": "C43234" + }, "clinical.pathology_detail.non_nodal_regional_disease": { "Absent": "C48190", "Indeterminate": "C48658", @@ -10323,6 +10929,16 @@ "Unknown": "C17998", "Not Reported": "C43234" }, + "clinical.pathology_detail.rhabdoid_present": { + "Yes": "C49488", + "No": "C49487", + "Not Reported": "C43234" + }, + "clinical.pathology_detail.sarcomatoid_present": { + "Yes": "C49488", + "No": "C49487", + "Not Reported": "C43234" + }, "clinical.pathology_detail.transglottic_extension": { "Absent": "C38757", "Present": "C160996", @@ -10344,6 +10960,11 @@ "Unknown": "C17998", "Not Reported": "C43234" }, + "biospecimen.read_group.chipseq_antibody": { + "abcam ab4729 anti-H3K27ac": "", + "Unknown": "C17998", + "Not Applicable": "C48660" + }, "biospecimen.read_group.chipseq_target": { "H3K4me1": "C120024", "H3K4me3": "C107153", @@ -10353,6 +10974,11 @@ "H3K27ac": "C120023", "Input Control": "C156442", "Unknown": "C17998" + }, + "biospecimen.read_group.fragmentation_enzyme": { + "MboI": "", + "Unknown": "C17998", + "Not Applicable": "C48660" } } diff --git a/server/data_files/gdc_values.js b/server/data_files/gdc_values.js index 3b486927..67a2e544 100644 --- a/server/data_files/gdc_values.js +++ b/server/data_files/gdc_values.js @@ -1069,7 +1069,7 @@ {"nm":"Regressing nevus","i_c":"8723/0","n_c":"C7603","term_type":"SY"}, {"nm":"Malignant melanoma, regressing","i_c":"8723/3","n_c":"C4228","term_type":"PT"}, {"nm":"Neuronevus","i_c":"8725/0","n_c":"C4229","term_type":"PT"}, - {"nm":"Magnocellular nevus","i_c":"8726/0","n_c":"C4230","term_type":"PT"}, + {"nm":"Magnocellular nevus","i_c":"8726/0","n_c":"C9498","term_type":"PT"}, {"nm":"Melanocytoma, NOS","i_c":"8726/0","n_c":"C9498","term_type":"RT"}, {"nm":"Melanocytoma, eyeball","i_c":"8726/0","n_c":"C4230","term_type":"SY"}, {"nm":"Dysplastic nevus","i_c":"8727/0","n_c":"C3694","term_type":"PT"}, @@ -1213,11 +1213,11 @@ {"nm":"Liposarcoma, NOS","i_c":"8850/3","n_c":"C3194","term_type":"PT"}, {"nm":"Fibroliposarcoma","i_c":"8850/3","n_c":"C3194","term_type":"SY"}, {"nm":"Fibrolipoma","i_c":"8851/0","n_c":"C4249","term_type":"PT"}, - {"nm":"Liposarcoma, well differentiated","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C4250","term_type":"PT"}, + {"nm":"Liposarcoma, well differentiated","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C6505","term_type":"PT"}, {"nm":"Inflammatory liposarcoma","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C6508","term_type":"RT"}, {"nm":"Sclerosing liposarcoma","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C6507","term_type":"RT"}, {"nm":"Lipoma-like liposarcoma","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C6505","term_type":"SY"}, - {"nm":"Liposarcoma, differentiated","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C4250","term_type":"SY"}, + {"nm":"Liposarcoma, differentiated","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C6505","term_type":"SY"}, {"nm":"Fibromyxolipoma","i_c":"8852/0","n_c":"C4251","term_type":"PT"}, {"nm":"Myxolipoma","i_c":"8852/0","n_c":"C4251","term_type":"SY"}, {"nm":"Myxoid liposarcoma","i_c":"8852/3","n_c":"C27781","term_type":"PT"}, @@ -3251,10 +3251,11 @@ {"nm":"8850/1","i_c":"8850/1","n_c":"C6505"}, {"nm":"8850/3","i_c":"8850/3","n_c":"C3194"}, {"nm":"8851/0","i_c":"8851/0","n_c":"C4249"}, - {"nm":"8851/3","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C4250"}, + + {"nm":"8851/3","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C6505"}, {"nm":"8851/3","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C6508"}, {"nm":"8851/3","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C6507"}, - {"nm":"8851/3","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C6505"}, + {"nm":"8852/0","i_c":"8852/0","n_c":"C4251"}, {"nm":"8852/3","i_c":"8852/3","n_c":"C27781"}, {"nm":"8853/3","i_c":"8853/3","n_c":"C4252"}, @@ -7389,9 +7390,9 @@ {"nm":"Lipoma, NOS","i_c":"8850/0","n_c":"C3192","term_type":"PT"}, {"nm":"Lipoma-like liposarcoma","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C6505","term_type":"SY"}, {"nm":"Lipomatous medulloblastoma","i_c":"9506/1","n_c":"C6905","term_type":"SY"}, - {"nm":"Liposarcoma, differentiated","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C4250","term_type":"SY"}, + {"nm":"Liposarcoma, differentiated","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C6505","term_type":"SY"}, {"nm":"Liposarcoma, NOS","i_c":"8850/3","n_c":"C3194","term_type":"PT"}, - {"nm":"Liposarcoma, well differentiated","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C4250","term_type":"PT"}, + {"nm":"Liposarcoma, well differentiated","i_c":"8851/3","n_c":"C6505","term_type":"PT"}, {"nm":"Liver cell adenoma","i_c":"8170/0","n_c":"C3758","term_type":"PT"}, {"nm":"Liver cell carcinoma","i_c":"8170/3","n_c":"C3099","term_type":"SY"}, {"nm":"Lobular adenocarcinoma","i_c":"8520/3","n_c":"C3771","term_type":"SY"}, @@ -8398,7 +8399,7 @@ {"nm":"Subepidermal nodular fibrosis","i_c":"8832/0","n_c":"C7159","term_type":"SY"}, {"nm":"Superficial spreading adenocarcinoma","i_c":"8143/3","n_c":"C4125","term_type":"PT"}, {"nm":"Superficial spreading melanoma","i_c":"8743/3","n_c":"C9152","term_type":"PT"}, - {"nm":"Superficial well differentiated liposarcoma","i_c":"8850/1","n_c":"C6505"}, + {"nm":"Superficial well differentiated liposarcoma","i_c":"8850/1","n_c":"C6505","term_type":""}, {"nm":"Supratentorial PNET","i_c":"9473/3","n_c":"C6968","term_type":"RT"}, {"nm":"Sweat gland adenocarcinoma","i_c":"8400/3","n_c":"C6938","term_type":"PT"}, {"nm":"Sweat gland adenoma","i_c":"8400/0","n_c":"C7560","term_type":"PT"}, diff --git a/server/data_files/ncit_details.js b/server/data_files/ncit_details.js index 91ee33a0..1ddc35f9 100644 --- a/server/data_files/ncit_details.js +++ b/server/data_files/ncit_details.js @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"C15675":{"preferredName":"Adjuvant Therapy","code":"C15675","definitions":[{"description":"Another treatment used together with the primary treatment. 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The term is used to indicate biological sex distinctions, cultural gender role distinctions, or both. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A person who belongs to the sex that normally produces sperm. The term is used to indicate biological sex distinctions, cultural gender role distinctions, or both.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human, Male","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"M","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MALE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Male","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Male","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Male","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Male","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C38046":{"preferredName":"Unspecified","code":"C38046","definitions":[{"description":"Not stated explicitly or in detail.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Not stated explicitly or in detail.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Not Assigned","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UNSPECIFIED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"UNSPECIFIED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Unspecified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unspecified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unspecified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCPDP"}]}}{"C4197":{"preferredName":"Acinar Cell Neoplasm","code":"C4197","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant glandular epithelial neoplasm consisting of secretory cells forming acinar patterns. It includes the acinar cell adenoma and acinar cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acinar Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4463":{"preferredName":"Skin Appendage Neoplasm","code":"C4463","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the hair follicles, sebaceous glands, or sweat glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adnexal Neoplasm of skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adnexal Neoplasm of the skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adnexal Tumor of skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adnexal Tumor of the skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous Adnexal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermal Appendage Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermal Appendage Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Epidermal Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Skin Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Skin Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Appendage Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Appendage Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Epidermal Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Skin Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Skin Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3784":{"preferredName":"Basal Cell Neoplasm","code":"C3784","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic proliferation of basal cells in the epidermis (part of the skin) or other anatomic sites (most frequently the salivary glands). The basal cell neoplastic proliferation in the epidermis results in basal cell carcinomas. The basal cell neoplastic proliferation in the salivary glands can be benign, resulting in basal cell adenomas or malignant, resulting in basal cell adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basal Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7387":{"preferredName":"Blood Vessel Neoplasm","code":"C7387","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm arising from arteries or veins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood Vessel Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blood Vessel Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4345":{"preferredName":"Myeloproliferative Neoplasm","code":"C4345","definitions":[{"description":"A group of slow growing blood cancers, including chronic myelogenous leukemia, in which large numbers of abnormal red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets grow and spread in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder, characterized by proliferation in the bone marrow of one or more of the myeloid (i.e., granulocytic, erythroid, megakaryocytic, and mast cell) lineages. It is primarily a neoplasm of adults. (WHO 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CMPD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myeloproliferative Disease","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Myeloproliferative Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myeloproliferative Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloproliferative Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloproliferative Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"myeloproliferative disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4198":{"preferredName":"Complex Epithelial Neoplasm","code":"C4198","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Complex Epithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Complex Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Complex Neoplasm of Epithelium","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Complex Neoplasm of the Epithelium","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Complex Tumor of Epithelium","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Complex Tumor of the Epithelium","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3709":{"preferredName":"Epithelial Neoplasm","code":"C3709","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from and is composed of epithelial cells. This category include adenomas, papillomas, and carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Neoplasms, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3743":{"preferredName":"Fibroepithelial Neoplasm","code":"C3743","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, borderline, or malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of an epithelial and a fibrous component. Representative examples are fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroepithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroepithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3708":{"preferredName":"Germ Cell Tumor","code":"C3708","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant, gonadal or extragonadal neoplasm that originates from germ cells. Representative examples include teratoma, seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, dysgerminoma, and germinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of tumor that begins in the cells that give rise to sperm or eggs. Germ cell tumors can occur almost anywhere in the body and can be either benign or malignant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant, gonadal or extragonadal neoplasm that originates from germ cells. Representative examples include teratoma, seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, and yolk sac tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Germ Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Germ Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Germ Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Germ Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Germ Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"germ cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3055":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Tumor","code":"C3055","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, intermediate, or malignant tumor that arises from the bone or soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3059":{"preferredName":"Glioma","code":"C3059","definitions":[{"description":"A general term for tumors of the central nervous system, including astrocytomas, ependymal tumors, glioblastoma multiforme, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant brain and spinal cord tumor that arises from glial cells (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells). Tumors that arise from astrocytes are called astrocytic tumors or astrocytomas. Tumors that arise from oligodendrocytes are called oligodendroglial tumors. Tumors that arise from ependymal cells are called ependymomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Neuroglia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Neuroglia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Neuroglia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Neuroglia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"glial tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9357":{"preferredName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C9357","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer of the immune system that is marked by the presence of a type of cell called the Reed-Sternberg cell. The two major types of Hodgkin lymphoma are classical Hodgkin lymphoma and nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. Symptoms include the painless enlargement of lymph nodes, spleen, or other immune tissue. Other symptoms include fever, weight loss, fatigue, or night sweats.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the lymphatic system that is comprised of abnormal lymphocytes and is characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A lymphoma, previously known as Hodgkin's disease, characterized by the presence of large tumor cells in an abundant admixture of nonneoplastic cells. There are two distinct subtypes: nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Hodgkin lymphoma involves primarily lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hodgkin disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3161":{"preferredName":"Leukemia","code":"C3161","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer of the blood or bone marrow that is characterized by increased production of abnormal blood cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells, originating from myeloid or lymphoid stem cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow and causes large numbers of blood cells to be produced and enter the bloodstream.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant (clonal) hematologic disorder, involving hematopoietic stem cells and characterized by the presence of primitive or atypical myeloid or lymphoid cells in the bone marrow and the blood. Leukemias are classified as acute or chronic based on the degree of cellular differentiation and the predominant cell type present. Leukemia is usually associated with anemia, fever, hemorrhagic episodes, and splenomegaly. Common leukemias include acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, acute lymphoblastic or precursor lymphoblastic leukemia, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Treatment is vital to patient survival; untreated, the natural course of acute leukemias is normally measured in weeks or months, while that of chronic leukemias is more often measured in months or years.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood (Leukemia)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Blood (Leukemia)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Leukemia NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leukemia, Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Leukemias","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leukemias, General","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4248":{"preferredName":"Lipomatous Neoplasm","code":"C4248","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, intermediate, or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm composed of adipose (fatty) tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adipose Tissue Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adipose Tissue Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipomatous Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipomatous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3723":{"preferredName":"Lymphatic Vessel Neoplasm","code":"C3723","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from the lymphatic vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Vessel Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Vessel Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphatic Vessel Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphatic Vessel Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Lymph Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Lymphatic Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Lymph Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Lymphatic Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Lymph Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Lymphatic Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Lymph Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Lymphatic Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7539":{"preferredName":"Lymphoid Leukemia","code":"C7539","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells, originating from lymphoid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes (white blood cells).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant lymphocytic neoplasm of B-cell or T-cell lineage involving primarily the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. This category includes precursor or acute lymphoblastic leukemias and chronic leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, LYMPHOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3208":{"preferredName":"Lymphoma","code":"C3208","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of lymphocytes of B- or T/NK-cell phenotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the lymphatic system that is comprised of abnormal lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cancer that begins in cells of the immune system. There are two basic categories of lymphomas. One kind is Hodgkin lymphoma, which is marked by the presence of a type of cell called the Reed-Sternberg cell. The other category is non-Hodgkin lymphomas, which includes a large, diverse group of cancers of immune system cells. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas can be further divided into cancers that have an indolent (slow-growing) course and those that have an aggressive (fast-growing) course. These subtypes behave and respond to treatment differently. Both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas can occur in children and adults, and prognosis and treatment depend on the stage and the type of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant (clonal) proliferation of B- lymphocytes or T- lymphocytes which involves the lymph nodes, bone marrow and/or extranodal sites. This category includes Non-Hodgkin lymphomas and Hodgkin lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPHOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Lymphoma (Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma (Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoma (Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma (Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Lymphomatous","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9295":{"preferredName":"Mast Cell Neoplasm","code":"C9295","definitions":[{"description":"A growth or lump of mast cells (a type of white blood cell). Mast cell tumors can involve the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and muscle tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the abnormal growth and accumulation of mast cells in one or more organ systems. Recent data suggest that most variants of mast cell neoplasms are clonal disorders. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mast Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Proliferative Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Mast Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Mast Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Mast Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Mast Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mast cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7056":{"preferredName":"Mature B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C7056","definitions":[{"description":"A non-Hodgkin lymphoma that originates from mature B lymphocytes. Representative examples include diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and small lymphocytic lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mature B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3468":{"preferredName":"Mature T-Cell and NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C3468","definitions":[{"description":"One of a group of aggressive (fast-growing) non-Hodgkin lymphomas that begins in mature T lymphocytes (T cells that have matured in the thymus gland and goes to other lymphatic sites in the body, including lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"This type of lymphoma is not frequently seen in the western hemisphere. Clinically, with the exception of anaplastic large cell lymphoma, mature T- and NK-cell lymphomas are among the most aggressive of all hematopoietic neoplasms. Representative disease entities include mycosis fungoides, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mature T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature T-Cell and NK-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature T-Cell and NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mature T-Cell and NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature T-Cell and NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature T-and NK-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mature T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"peripheral T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3230":{"preferredName":"Meningioma","code":"C3230","definitions":[{"description":"A type of slow-growing tumor that forms in the meninges (thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord). Meningiomas usually occur in adults.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A usually benign tumor that develops in the meninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A generally slow growing tumor attached to the dura mater. It is composed of neoplastic meningothelial (arachnoidal) cells. It typically occurs in adults, often women and it has a wide range of histopathological appearances. Of the various subtypes, meningothelial, fibrous and transitional meningiomas are the most common. Most meningiomas are WHO grade I tumors, and some are WHO grade II or III tumors. Most subtypes share a common clinical behavior, although some subtypes are more likely to recur and follow a more aggressive clinical course. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Meningioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4295":{"preferredName":"Mesonephric Neoplasm","code":"C4295","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of tumor, usually of the female genital tract, in which the insides of the cells look clear when viewed under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm of the female reproductive system arising from mesonephric remnants.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesonephric Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesonephric Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesonephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wolffian Duct Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wolffian Duct Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mesonephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3786":{"preferredName":"Mesothelial Neoplasm","code":"C3786","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells. Mesothelial cells are the lining cells of the pleura and peritoneum. -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesothelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9343":{"preferredName":"Bone Neoplasm","code":"C9343","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, intermediate, or malignant neoplasm involving the bone or articular cartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone Tumors","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osseous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osseous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3247":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","code":"C3247","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by insufficiently healthy hematapoietic cell production by the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A group of diseases in which the bone marrow does not make enough healthy blood cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pre-malignant disorder characterized by blood cytopenias and abnormalities in bone marrow morphology.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A clonal hematopoietic disorder characterized by dysplasia and ineffective hematopoiesis in one or more of the hematopoietic cell lines. The dysplasia may be accompanied by an increase in myeloblasts, but the number is less than 20%, which, according to the WHO guidelines, is the requisite threshold for the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia. It may occur de novo or as a result of exposure to alkylating agents and/or radiotherapy. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dysmyelopoietic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoeitic - Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome/Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic syndrome, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Oligoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Preleukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoldering Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"myelodysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"myelodysplastic syndromes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"preleukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"smoldering leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3172":{"preferredName":"Myeloid Leukemia","code":"C3172","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells, originating from immature granulocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A clonal proliferation of myeloid cells and their precursors in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen. When the proliferating cells are immature myeloid cells and myeloblasts, it is called acute myeloid leukemia. When the proliferating myeloid cells are neutrophils, it is called chronic myelogenous leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, GRANULOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leukemia Granulocytic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leukemia Myeloid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Non-lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C4063":{"preferredName":"Myomatous Neoplasm","code":"C4063","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from smooth, skeletal, or cardiac muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Muscle Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muscle Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myomatous Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myomatous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3262":{"preferredName":"Neoplasm","code":"C3262","definitions":[{"description":"An abnormal mass of tissue that results when cells divide more than they should or do not die when they should. Neoplasms may be benign (not cancer), or malignant (cancer).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant tissue growth resulting from uncontrolled cell proliferation. Benign neoplastic cells resemble normal cells without exhibiting significant cytologic atypia, while malignant cells exhibit overt signs such as dysplastic features, atypical mitotic figures, necrosis, nuclear pleomorphism, and anaplasia. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include papillomas, cystadenomas, and lipomas; malignant neoplasms include carcinomas, sarcomas, lymphomas, and leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neoplastic Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neoplastic Growth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4972":{"preferredName":"Nerve Sheath Neoplasm","code":"C4972","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from the perineural cells in the sheaths surrounding the nerves. Representative examples include neurofibroma, schwannoma, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm of Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nerve Sheath Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3787":{"preferredName":"Neuroepithelial Neoplasm","code":"C3787","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm of the nervous system that arises from the neuroepithelial tissues. Representative examples include astrocytic tumors, oligodendroglial tumors, ependymal tumors, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm of Neuroepithelial Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Neuroepithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Neuroepithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepithelial Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepithelial Tissue Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepithelial Tissue Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepithelial Tumors","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Neuroepithelial Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Neuroepithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Neuroepithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3286":{"preferredName":"Odontogenic Neoplasm","code":"C3286","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It occurs in the maxillofacial skeleton or the gingiva. Benign tumors are slow growing and are not associated with specific clinical symptoms. Pain is absent or slight. Malignant tumors are usually associated with rapid swelling and pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Odontogenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4665":{"preferredName":"Plasma Cell Neoplasm","code":"C4665","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tumor that begins in plasma cells (white blood cells that produce antibodies). Multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and plasmacytoma are types of plasma cell tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A clonal proliferation of immunoglobulin-secreting plasma cells. This category includes plasma cell myeloma, plasma cell leukemia, plasmacytoma, monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease, and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLASMA CELL TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Dyscrasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Dyscrasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmacytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Plasmacytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmacytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Plasmacytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmacytic Tumour","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"plasma cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9360":{"preferredName":"Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","code":"C9360","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of lymphoblasts (lymphoid precursor cells).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in which too many lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the lymph nodes and the thymus gland. These lymphoblasts may spread to other places in the body. It is most common in teenagers and young adults and affects more males than females. It may be a T or B cell type.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A lymphoma composed of immature small to medium-sized precursor lymphoid cells (lymphoblasts). It includes the B- and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPHOMA, LYMPHOBLASTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Precursor Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"precursor lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3792":{"preferredName":"Squamous Cell Neoplasm","code":"C3792","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm that is composed of squamous epithelial cells. Squamous cell carcinoma is a representative example.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3411":{"preferredName":"Thymoma","code":"C3411","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor of the thymus, an organ that is part of the lymphatic system and is located in the chest, behind the breastbone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neoplasm arising from the epithelial cells of the thymus. Although thymomas are usually encapsulated tumors, they may invade the capsule and infiltrate the surrounding tissues or even metastasize to distant anatomic sites. The following morphologic subtypes are currently recognized: type A, type B, type AB, metaplastic, micronodular, microscopic, and sclerosing thymoma. Thymomas type B are further subdivided into types B1, B2, and B3. Thymoma type B3 usually has the most aggressive clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Thymoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3422":{"preferredName":"Trophoblastic Tumor","code":"C3422","definitions":[{"description":"A gestational or non-gestational neoplasm composed of neoplastic trophoblastic cells. Representative examples include hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trophoblastic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trophoblastic Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15220":{"preferredName":"Diagnosis","code":"C15220","definitions":[{"description":"The investigation, analysis and recognition of the presence and nature of disease, condition, or injury from expressed signs and symptoms; also, the scientific determination of any kind; the concise results or summary of such an investigation. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The process of identifying a disease, such as cancer, from its signs and symptoms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The investigation, analysis and recognition of the presence and nature of disease, condition, or injury from expressed signs and symptoms; also, the scientific determination of any kind; the concise results of such an investigation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIAGNOSIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Diagnosed","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diagnosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diagnosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diagnosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Diagnostic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diagnostic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"diagnosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C139171":{"preferredName":"Date of First Enrollment into Study","code":"C139171","definitions":[{"description":"Date and/or date and time of first subject enrollment into a study, as verifiable by a convention that is consistent with authoritative regulatory criteria. Compare to study start date. [Modified from ICH E3]","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"description":"Date or date and time of first subject enrollment into a study, as verifiable by a convention that is consistent with authoritative regulatory criteria. Compare with study start. [Modified from ICH E3] (CDISC Glossary)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The calendar date on which the first subject was enrolled into a study or trial.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Date of First Enrollment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Date of First Enrollment into Study","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"study initiation date (date of first enrollment)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12763":{"preferredName":"Paranasal Sinus","code":"C12763","definitions":[{"description":"One of many small hollow spaces in the bones around the nose. Paranasal sinuses are named after the bones that contain them: frontal (the lower forehead), maxillary (cheekbones), ethmoid (beside the upper nose), and sphenoid (behind the nose). The paranasal sinuses open into the nasal cavity (space inside the nose) and are lined with cells that make mucus to keep the nose from drying out during breathing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The air-filled cavities adjacent to the nasal cavity lined by a mucous membrane and located in the bones of the skull.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any one of the air-filled spaces within the ethmoid, frontal, maxillary, or sphenoid bones, which communicate with the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Accessory Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Accessory Sinuses","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasal Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasal Sinuses","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasal and Sinuses","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARANASAL SINUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Paranasal Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paranasal Sinuses","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinuses, Nasal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinuses, Paranasal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"paranasal sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12666":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Gland","code":"C12666","definitions":[{"description":"A small gland that makes steroid hormones, adrenaline, and noradrenaline. These hormones help control heart rate, blood pressure, and other important body functions. There are two adrenal glands, one on top of each kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The endocrine glands adjacent to the kidneys that consist of the outer adrenal cortex and the inner adrenal medulla in mammals.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A flattened, roughly triangular body resting upon the upper end of each kidney; it is one of the ductless glands furnishing internal secretions (epinephrine and norepinephrine from the medulla and steroid hormones from the cortex).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADRENAL GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Glands","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenals","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLAND, ADRENAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"adrenal gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"suprarenal gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12228":{"preferredName":"Base of the Tongue","code":"C12228","definitions":[{"description":"The posterior one third of the tongue behind the terminal sulcus that forms the anterior aspect of the oro-pharynx responsible for swallowing and modification of the voice in speech.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Base of Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Base of the Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Base of the Tongue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Posterior Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12414":{"preferredName":"Bladder","code":"C12414","definitions":[{"description":"The distensible sac-like organ that functions as a reservoir of urine, collecting from the kidneys and eliminating via the urethra. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The organ that stores urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The distensible sac-like organ that functions as a reservoir of urine, collecting from the kidneys and eliminating via the urethra.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLADDER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"URINARY BLADDER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Urinary Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary System, Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12439":{"preferredName":"Brain","code":"C12439","definitions":[{"description":"An organ composed of grey and white matter that is the center for intelligence and reasoning. It is protected by the bony cranium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An organ composed of grey and white matter containing billions of neurons that is the center for intelligence and reasoning. It is protected by the bony cranium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nervous System, Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12971":{"preferredName":"Breast","code":"C12971","definitions":[{"description":"Glandular organ located on the chest. The breast is made up of connective tissue, fat, and breast tissue that contains the glands that can make milk.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"One of two hemispheric projections of variable size situated in the subcutaneous layer over the pectoralis major muscle on either side of the chest. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of two hemispheric projections of variable size situated in the subcutaneous layer over the pectoralis major muscle on either side of the chest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BREAST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Breasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C92218":{"preferredName":"Lung/Bronchus","code":"C92218","definitions":[{"description":"A specimen that contains lung and bronchial tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sample that contains lung and bronchial tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LUNG/BRONCHUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lung/Bronchus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12311":{"preferredName":"Cervix Uteri","code":"C12311","definitions":[{"description":"The lower, narrow end of the uterus that forms a canal between the uterus and vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the uterus (or uterine horns) that empties into the vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower part of the uterus occupying the region between the isthmus of the uterus and the vagina. It is divided into supravaginal and vaginal portions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CERVIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CERVIX UTERI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Uteri","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Genital System, Female, Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterus, Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cervix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12382":{"preferredName":"Colon","code":"C12382","definitions":[{"description":"The longest part of the large intestine, which is a tube-like organ connected to the small intestine at one end and the anus at the other. The colon removes water and some nutrients and electrolytes from partially digested food. The remaining material, solid waste called stool, moves through the colon to the rectum and leaves the body through the anus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the large intestine which extends from the cecum (or small intestine in animals that don't have a cecum) to the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the large intestine measured from the cecum to the rectum consisting of ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid portions. The purpose of the colon is to remove water from digested food prior to excretion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COLON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LARGE INTESTINE, COLON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12316":{"preferredName":"Corpus Uteri","code":"C12316","definitions":[{"description":"The body of the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The body of the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The Corpus uteri, or body of uterus, is the part of the uterus above the isthmus, comprising about two thirds of the non-pregnant organ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CORPUS UTERI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Corpus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Corpus Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Corpus Uteri","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Uterine Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterus, Corpus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Uterus, Corpus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"corpus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12389":{"preferredName":"Esophagus","code":"C12389","definitions":[{"description":"The muscular tube through which food passes from the throat to the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the digestive tract between the pharynx and stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the digestive canal between the pharynx and stomach. It is about 25 cm long and consists of three parts: the cervical part, from the cricoid cartilage to the thoracic inlet; thoracic part, from thoracic inlet to the diaphragm; and abdominal part, below the diaphragm to the cardiac opening of the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESOPHAGUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract, Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C54187":{"preferredName":"Floor of Mouth","code":"C54187","definitions":[{"description":"The area of the mouth under the ventral surface of the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The area of the mouth under the ventral surface of the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLOOR OF MOUTH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Floor of Mouth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Floor of Mouth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Floor of the Mouth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12377":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder","code":"C12377","definitions":[{"description":"A sac-like organ located adjacent to the liver that stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The pear-shaped organ found below the liver. Bile is concentrated and stored in the gallbladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pear-shaped organ located under the liver that stores and concentrates bile secreted by the liver. From the gallbladder the bile is delivered through the bile ducts into the intestine thereby aiding the digestion of fat-containing foods.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GALLBLADDER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gallbladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder / Biliar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract, Gall Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gallbladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32677":{"preferredName":"Gingiva","code":"C32677","definitions":[{"description":"The soft tissue surrounding the neck of individual teeth as well as covering the alveolar bone. The tissue is fibrous and continuous with the periodontal ligament and mucosal covering. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The tissue of the upper and lower jaws that surrounds the base of the teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The soft tissue surrounding the neck of individual teeth as well as covering the alveolar bone. The tissue is fibrous and continuous with the periodontal ligament and mucosal covering.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GINGIVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gingiva","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gingiva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gingival","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gingiva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"gums","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12246":{"preferredName":"Hypopharynx","code":"C12246","definitions":[{"description":"The bottom part of the throat. Cancer of the hypopharynx is also called hypopharyngeal cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The lower part of the pharynx that connects to the esophagus. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower part of the pharynx that connects to the esophagus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HYPOPHARYNX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypopharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypopharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Laryngopharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hypopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12415":{"preferredName":"Kidney","code":"C12415","definitions":[{"description":"One of a pair of organs in the abdomen. Kidneys remove waste from the blood (as urine), produce erythropoietin (a substance that stimulates red blood cell production), and play a role in blood pressure regulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The organs of the urinary tract located in the retroperitoneal cavity adjacent to the spine and composed of the renal cortex and the renal medulla.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the two bean-shaped organs located on each side of the spine in the retroperitoneum. The right kidney is located below the liver and the left kidney below the diaphragm. The kidneys filter and secret the metabolic products and minerals from the blood, thus maintaining the homeostasis. On the superior pole of each kidney there is an adrenal gland. Each kidney and adrenal gland is surrounded by fat.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KIDNEY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidneys","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary System, Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12420":{"preferredName":"Larynx","code":"C12420","definitions":[{"description":"The area of the throat containing the vocal cords and used for breathing, swallowing, and talking.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The cartilaginous structure of the respiratory tract between the pharynx and the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The cartilaginous structure of the respiratory tract between the pharynx and the trachea. It contains elastic vocal cords required for sound production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Head and Neck, Larynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LARYNX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Larynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Larynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"larynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"voice box","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12220":{"preferredName":"Lip","code":"C12220","definitions":[{"description":"Fleshy fold which surrounds the opening of the mouth. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Fleshy fold which surrounds the opening of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LIP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vermillion of the Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12745":{"preferredName":"Lymph Node","code":"C12745","definitions":[{"description":"A rounded mass of lymphatic tissue that is surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue. Lymph nodes filter lymph (lymphatic fluid), and they store lymphocytes (white blood cells). They are located along lymphatic vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Secondary lymphoid organ associated with lymphatic vessels and consisting of an outer cortex, inner medulla and sinuses.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A bean-shaped organ surrounded by a connective tissue capsule. It is part of the lymphatic system and is found throughout the body. It is composed predominantly of lymphocytes and its main function is immune protection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Nodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphatic Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Reticuloendothelial System, Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymph gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"lymph node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12348":{"preferredName":"Meninges","code":"C12348","definitions":[{"description":"Any one of three membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The three thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any one of three membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MENINGES","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Meninges","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"meninges","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12423":{"preferredName":"Nasopharynx","code":"C12423","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the pharynx above the soft palate, which is continuous with the nasal cavity and extends to the oropharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper part of the throat behind the nose. An opening on each side of the nasopharynx leads into the ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The part of the pharynx in the back of the throat, at and above the soft palate. The nasopharynx is continuous with the nasal passages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NASOPHARYNX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nasopharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nasopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12762":{"preferredName":"Oropharynx","code":"C12762","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the pharynx between the soft palate and the upper portion of the epiglottis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the throat at the back of the mouth behind the oral cavity. It includes the back third of the tongue, the soft palate, the side and back walls of the throat, and the tonsils.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The part of the pharynx between the soft palate and the upper portion of the epiglottis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OROPHARYNX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oropharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oropharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oropharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C148335":{"preferredName":"Other and Ill Defined Digestive Organs ICD-O-3","code":"C148335","definitions":[{"description":"Digestive organs that are referenced in topographic category C26 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Ill Defined Digestive Organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Ill Defined Digestive Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148336":{"preferredName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites ICD-O-3","code":"C148336","definitions":[{"description":"Other anatomic sites that are referenced in topographic category C76 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148337":{"preferredName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites in Lip, Oral Cavity and Pharynx ICD-O-3","code":"C148337","definitions":[{"description":"Anatomic sites in the lip, oral cavity and pharynx that are referenced in topographic category C14 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites in Lip, Oral Cavity and Pharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites in Lip, Oral Cavity and Pharynx ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148338":{"preferredName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites within Respiratory System and Intrathoracic Organs ICD-O-3","code":"C148338","definitions":[{"description":"Anatomic sites within the respiratory system and intrathoracic organs that are referenced in topographic category C39 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites within Respiratory System and Intrathoracic Organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites within Respiratory System and Intrathoracic Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148339":{"preferredName":"Other and Unspecified Female Genital Organs ICD-O-3","code":"C148339","definitions":[{"description":"Female genital organs that are referenced in topographic category C57 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Female Genital Organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Female Genital Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148340":{"preferredName":"Other and Unspecified Major Salivary Glands ICD-O-3","code":"C148340","definitions":[{"description":"Major salivary glands that are referenced in topographic category C08 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Major Salivary Glands","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Major Salivary Glands ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148341":{"preferredName":"Other and Unspecified Male Genital Organs ICD-O-3","code":"C148341","definitions":[{"description":"Male genital organs that are referenced in topographic category C63 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Male Genital Organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Male Genital Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148342":{"preferredName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Biliary Tract ICD-O-3","code":"C148342","definitions":[{"description":"Components of the biliary tract that are referenced in topographic category C24 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Biliary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Biliary Tract ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148343":{"preferredName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Mouth ICD-O-3","code":"C148343","definitions":[{"description":"Components of the mouth that are referenced in topographic category C06 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Mouth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Mouth ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148344":{"preferredName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Tongue ICD-O-3","code":"C148344","definitions":[{"description":"Components of the tongue that are referenced in topographic category C02 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Tongue ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148345":{"preferredName":"Other and Unspecified Urinary Organs ICD-O-3","code":"C148345","definitions":[{"description":"Urinary organs that are referenced in topographic category C68 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Urinary Organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Urinary Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148346":{"preferredName":"Other Endocrine Glands and Related Structures ICD-O-3","code":"C148346","definitions":[{"description":"Endocrine glands and related structures that are referenced in topographic category C75 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other Endocrine Glands and Related Structures","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other Endocrine Glands and Related Structures ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12404":{"preferredName":"Ovary","code":"C12404","definitions":[{"description":"The female gonad.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The pair of female reproductive glands in which the ova, or eggs, are formed. The ovaries are located in the pelvis, one on each side of the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"One of the paired female reproductive glands containing the ova or germ cells; the ovary's stroma is a vascular connective tissue containing numbers of ovarian follicles enclosing the ova.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genital System, Female, Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OVARY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ovaries","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ovary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12229":{"preferredName":"Palate","code":"C12229","definitions":[{"description":"The roof of the mouth. The front portion is bony (hard palate), and the back portion is muscular (soft palate).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The roof of the oral cavity. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The roof of the oral cavity. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PALATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Palate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"palate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12393":{"preferredName":"Pancreas","code":"C12393","definitions":[{"description":"A digestive organ in the abdomen that has both endocrine and exocrine functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A glandular organ located in the abdomen. It makes pancreatic juices, which contain enzymes that aid in digestion, and it produces several hormones, including insulin. The pancreas is surrounded by the stomach, intestines, and other organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An organ behind the lower part of the stomach that is the shape of a fish and about the size of a hand. It is a compound gland composed of both exocrine and endocrine tissues. The endocrine pancreas makes insulin so that the body can use glucose (sugar) for energy. The exocrine pancreas makes enzymes that help the body digest food. Spread all over the pancreas are areas called the Islets of Langerhans. The cells in these areas each have a special purpose. The alpha cells make glucagon, which raises the level of glucose in the blood; the beta cells make insulin; the delta cells make somatostatin. There are also PP cells and D1 cells, about which little is known.","attr":"from Diabetes Dictionary: http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract, Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANCREAS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12427":{"preferredName":"Parotid Gland","code":"C12427","definitions":[{"description":"The salivary gland located adjacent to the ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The largest of the three paired salivary glands, located in front of the ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, SALIVARY, PAROTID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PAROTID GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Parotid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parotid Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12409":{"preferredName":"Penis","code":"C12409","definitions":[{"description":"An external male reproductive organ. It contains a tube called the urethra, which carries semen and urine to the outside of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The male organ of urination and copulation. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The male organ of urination and copulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genital System, Male, Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PENIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Penis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"penis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13272":{"preferredName":"Placenta","code":"C13272","definitions":[{"description":"An organ present in true mammals during embryonic developmen that provides the fetus with nutrients and oxygen, facilitates gas and waste exchange between the fetus and mother.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The organ that nourishes the developing fetus in the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An organ present in some vertebrates during embryonic gestation that surrounds the fetus and provides it with nutrients and oxygen, facilitates gas and waste exchange between the fetus and mother, and provides parasitic cloaking from the mother's immune system by excretion of neurokinin B.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLACENTA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Placenta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placenta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placental","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"placenta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12410":{"preferredName":"Prostate Gland","code":"C12410","definitions":[{"description":"A gland in the male reproductive system. The prostate surrounds the part of the urethra (the tube that empties the bladder) just below the bladder, and produces a fluid that forms part of the semen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The male reproductive accessory gland that produces prostatic fluid and is located adjacent to or around the urethra distal to the urinary bladder in mammals.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The walnut shaped accessory sex gland of the male reproductive system. It is located in the pelvis just below the bladder, surrounding the prostatic part of the urethra. The prostate gland secretes a fluid which is part of the semen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, PROSTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Genital System, Male, Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROSTATE GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostatic Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"prostate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33439":{"preferredName":"Pyriform Sinus","code":"C33439","definitions":[{"description":"A pear-shaped fossa in the wall of the laryngeal pharynx lateral to the arytenoid cartilage and medial to the lamina of the thyroid cartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Piriform Recess","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Piriform Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyriform Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54188":{"preferredName":"Rectosigmoid Region","code":"C54188","definitions":[{"description":"The area where the sigmoid colon joins the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The area where the sigmoid colon joins the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RECTOSIGMOID JUNCTION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rectosigmoid Junction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectosigmoid Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectosigmoid Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12390":{"preferredName":"Rectum","code":"C12390","definitions":[{"description":"The last several inches of the large intestine closest to the anus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The terminal portion of the large intestine extending from the terminus of the colon to the anus or anal canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The terminal portion of the gastrointestinal tract, extending from the rectosigmoid junction to the anal canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemorrhoidal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LARGE INTESTINE, RECTUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RECTUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rectum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rectum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12887":{"preferredName":"Renal Pelvis","code":"C12887","definitions":[{"description":"The area at the center of the kidney. Urine collects here and is funneled into the ureter, the tube that connects the kidney to the bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The funnel-shaped proximal portion of the ureter located within the kidney into which urine is secreted, from the collecting duct system of the kidney. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The funnel-shaped proximal portion of the ureter located within the kidney into which urine is secreted, from the collecting duct system of the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RENAL PELVIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Pelvis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Pelvis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"renal pelvis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12470":{"preferredName":"Skin","code":"C12470","definitions":[{"description":"An organ that constitutes the external surface of the body. It consists of the epidermis, dermis, and skin appendages. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An organ that constitutes the external surface of the body. It consists of the epidermis, dermis, and skin appendages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Integument","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Integument","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12386":{"preferredName":"Small Intestine","code":"C12386","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the digestive tract that is located between the stomach and the large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The villous section of the intestine extending from the pylorus to the proximal large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The section of the intestines between the pylorus and cecum. The small intestine is approximately 20 feet long and consists of the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum. Its main function is to absorb nutrients from food as the food is transported to the large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract, Small Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMALL INTESTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Small Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"small intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12391":{"preferredName":"Stomach","code":"C12391","definitions":[{"description":"An organ that is part of the digestive system. It helps in the digestion of food by mixing it with digestive juices and churning it into a thin liquid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the gastrointestinal tract located between the esophagus and the proximal duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An organ located under the diaphragm, between the liver and the spleen as well as between the esophagus and the small intestine. The stomach is the primary organ of food digestion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract, Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STOMACH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stomach","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"stomach","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12412":{"preferredName":"Testis","code":"C12412","definitions":[{"description":"One of two egg-shaped glands inside the scrotum that produce sperm and male hormones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The male gonad.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Either of the paired male reproductive glands that produce the male germ cells and the male hormones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genital System, Male, Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TESTIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Testes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Testicle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"testicle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12433":{"preferredName":"Thymus Gland","code":"C12433","definitions":[{"description":"A primary lymphoid organ generally located in the mediastinum near the thoracic inlet and/or along lateral aspects of the neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An organ that is part of the lymphatic system, in which T lymphocytes grow and multiply. The thymus is in the chest behind the breastbone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bi-lobed organ surrounded by a connective tissue capsule. It is located in the upper anterior portion of the chest, behind the sternum. It is composed predominantly of lymphocytes and fewer epithelial cells. Connective tissue septa separate the lobes into lobules. The lobules contain an outer portion (cortical zone) which is rich in lymphocytes and an inner portion (medullary zone) which is rich in epithelial cells. It is an organ essential for the development of the immune system. Its function is the maturation of the progenitor lymphoid cells to thymocytes and subsequently to mature T-cells. It reaches its greatest weight at puberty and subsequently begins to involute.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Reticuloendothelial System, Thymus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THYMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"THYMUS GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thymus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymus Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymus Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymus Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"thymus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12400":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland","code":"C12400","definitions":[{"description":"A gland located beneath the larynx (voice box) that makes thyroid hormone and calcitonin. The thyroid gland helps regulate growth and metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Endocrine gland(s) adjacent to the trachea in mammals that produce thyroxine and other hormones.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An endocrine gland located at the base of the neck that produces and secretes thyroxine and other hormones. Thyroxine is important for metabolic control.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, THYROID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Head and Neck, Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THYROID GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"thyroid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"thyroid gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12802":{"preferredName":"Tonsil","code":"C12802","definitions":[{"description":"A secondary lymphoid tissue in the mucosa of the pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of two small masses of lymphoid tissue on either side of the throat.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"excludes lingual tonsil C02.4 and pharyngeal tonsil C11.1","attr":null,"defSource":"ICDO3"},{"description":"The two organs situated in the throat on either side of the narrow passage from the mouth to the pharynx. They are composed of lymphoid tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TONSIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tonsil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tonsil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tonsils","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tonsil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12428":{"preferredName":"Trachea","code":"C12428","definitions":[{"description":"The airway that leads from the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi (large airways that lead to the lungs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The fibrocartilaginous tube extending from the larynx to the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fibrocartilaginous, mucous-lined tube passing from the larynx to the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRACHEA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trachea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trachea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Windpipe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"trachea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"windpipe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12416":{"preferredName":"Ureter","code":"C12416","definitions":[{"description":"The tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tube that extends from each kidney to the urinary bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The thick-walled tube that carries urine from each kidney to the bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"URETER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ureter","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ureter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ureter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12405":{"preferredName":"Uterus","code":"C12405","definitions":[{"description":"A hollow muscular organ within which the fertilized egg implants and the embryo/fetus develops during pregnancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The small, hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman's pelvis. This is the organ in which a fetus develops.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A hollow, thick-walled, muscular organ located within the pelvic cavity of a woman. Within the uterus the fertilized egg implants and the fetus develops during pregnancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genital System, Female, Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UTERUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Uterine","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Utero","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Womb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"uterus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"womb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12407":{"preferredName":"Vagina","code":"C12407","definitions":[{"description":"The female genital canal, extending from the uterus to the vulva. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The muscular canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The female genital canal, extending from the uterus to the vulva.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genital System, Female, Vagina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAGINA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vagina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vagina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vagina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"birth canal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"vagina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12408":{"preferredName":"Vulva","code":"C12408","definitions":[{"description":"The external female genital organs, including the clitoris, vaginal lips, and the opening to the vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The external, visible part of the female genitalia surrounding the urethral and vaginal opening(s).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The external, visible part of the female genitalia surrounding the urethral and vaginal opening. The vulva includes the clitoris and inner as well as outer labia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"External Genitalia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VULVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vulva","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vulva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C8278":{"preferredName":"Cancer-Related Condition","code":"C8278","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder either associated with an increased risk for malignant transformation (e.g., intraepithelial neoplasia, leukoplakia, dysplastic nevus, myelodysplastic syndrome) or that develops as a result of the presence of an existing malignant neoplasm (e.g., paraneoplastic syndrome).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer-Related Condition","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cancer-Related Condition","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer-Related Problem or Condition","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncologic Complications","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cancer related problem/condition","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"problem/condition, cancer related","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"problem/condition, cancer-related","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9439":{"preferredName":"Chronic Kidney Disease, Stage 5","code":"C9439","definitions":[{"description":"Chronic, irreversible renal failure.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Long-standing and persistent renal disease with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 15 ml/min.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Kidney Disease, Stage 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Disease (ESRD), End Stage Renal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ESRD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESRD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESRD, End Stage Renal Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"End Stage Kidney Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"End Stage Kidney Failure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"End Stage Renal Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"End Stage Renal Failure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Disease (ESRD), End Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Renal Disease, End Stage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}]}}{"C26726":{"preferredName":"Infectious Disorder","code":"C26726","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder resulting from the presence and activity of a microbial, viral, fungal, or parasitic agent. It can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A disorder resulting from the presence and activity of a microbial, viral, or parasitic agent. It can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Invasion and multiplication of germs in the body. Infections can occur in any part of the body and can spread throughout the body. The germs may be bacteria, viruses, yeast, or fungi. They can cause a fever and other problems, depending on where the infection occurs. When the body's natural defense system is strong, it can often fight the germs and prevent infection. Some cancer treatments can weaken the natural defense system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder resulting from the presence and activity of a microbial, viral, fungal, or parasitic agent. It can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clinical Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"ID","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"INFECTION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infectious","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infectious Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infectious Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Infectious Diseases and Manifestations","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infectious Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infectious Disorder","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Infectious Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infectious Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C85075":{"preferredName":"Spinal Muscular Atrophy","code":"C85075","definitions":[{"description":"An inherited disorder characterized by degeneration of the spinal cord and the cerebellum. Symptoms may appear at any age and include progressive loss of coordination of gait, hands, speech, and eye movements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spinal Muscular Atrophy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spinal Muscular Atrophy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C27990":{"preferredName":"Toxicity","code":"C27990","definitions":[{"description":"The extent to which something is poisonous or harmful.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The finding of bodily harm due to the poisonous effects of something.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Toxicity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Toxicity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"toxicity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2931":{"preferredName":"Cardiovascular Disorder","code":"C2931","definitions":[{"description":"A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the heart or the vessels (arteries, veins and lymph vessels). Representative examples of non-neoplastic cardiovascular disorders are endocarditis and hypertension. Representative examples of neoplastic cardiovascular disorders are endocardial myxoma and angiosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardiovascular Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiovascular Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiovascular Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Disorder of Cardiovascular System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3149":{"preferredName":"Kidney Disorder","code":"C3149","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic or non-neoplastic condition affecting the kidney. Representative examples of non-neoplastic conditions include glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome. Representative examples of neoplastic conditions include benign processes (e.g., renal lipoma and renal fibroma) and malignant processes (e.g., renal cell carcinoma and renal lymphoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kidney Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Kidney Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17459":{"preferredName":"Hispanic or Latino","code":"C17459","definitions":[{"description":"A person of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or South American or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race. The term, \"Spanish origin,\" can be used in addition to \"Hispanic or Latino.\" (OMB)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HISPANIC OR LATINO","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hispanic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hispanic Populations","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hispanic or Latino","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDC"},{"termName":"Hispanic or Latino","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hispanic or Latino","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hispanics or Latinos","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Latino Population","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spanish Origin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C41222":{"preferredName":"Not Hispanic or Latino","code":"C41222","definitions":[{"description":"A person not of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race. An arbitrary ethnic classification. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A person not of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Non-Hispanic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Hispanic or Latino","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not Hispanic or Latino","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDC"},{"termName":"Not Hispanic or Latino","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not Hispanic/Spanish origin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C41259":{"preferredName":"American Indian or Alaska Native","code":"C41259","definitions":[{"description":"A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America (including Central America), and who maintains tribal affiliation or community attachment. (FDA)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America (including Central America) and who maintains tribal affiliation or community attachment. (OMB)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMERICAN INDIAN OR ALASKA NATIVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AMERICAN INDIAN OR ALASKA NATIVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"American Indian or Alaska Native","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDC"},{"termName":"American Indian or Alaska Native","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"American Indian or Alaska Native","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"First Nations","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Native American","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Native Americans","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C41260":{"preferredName":"Asian","code":"C41260","definitions":[{"description":"A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent including, for example, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam. (FDA)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent, including for example, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam. (OMB)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASIAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ASIAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Asian","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDC"},{"termName":"Asian","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asian","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asians","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16352":{"preferredName":"Black or African American","code":"C16352","definitions":[{"description":"A person having origins in any of the black racial groups of Africa. Terms such as \"Haitian\" or \"Negro\" can be used in addition to \"Black or African American.\" (FDA)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A person having origins in any of the Black racial groups of Africa. Terms such as \"Haitian\" or \"Negro\" can be used in addition to \"Black or African American\". (OMB)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Black or African American","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDC"},{"termName":"Black or African American","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Black or African American","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C41219":{"preferredName":"Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander","code":"C41219","definitions":[{"description":"Denotes a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands. The term covers particularly people who identify themselves as part-Hawaiian, Native Hawaiian, Guamanian or Chamorro, Carolinian, Samoan, Chuu. (FDA)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands. (OMB)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NATIVE HAWAIIAN OR OTHER PACIFIC ISLANDER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"NATIVE HAWAIIAN OR OTHER PACIFIC ISLANDER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDC"},{"termName":"Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C41261":{"preferredName":"White","code":"C41261","definitions":[{"description":"Denotes a person with European, Middle Eastern, or North African ancestral origin who identifies, or is identified, as White. (FDA)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. (OMB)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Caucasian","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Caucasians","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Caucasoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Occidental","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHITE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"WHITE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"White","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDC"},{"termName":"White","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"White","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Whites","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95956":{"preferredName":"cM0 (i+) Stage Finding","code":"C95956","definitions":[{"description":"A distant metastasis TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of distant metastasis clinically or by radiologic studies, but there are small numbers of cells detected by special studies in the blood and bone marrow, or there is tiny metastasis (no larger than 0.2 mm) detected in nonregional lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"cM0 (i+) Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cM0 (i+) Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48699":{"preferredName":"M0 Stage Finding","code":"C48699","definitions":[{"description":"A distant metastasis TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of distant metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"M0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Distant Metastasis Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Distant Metastasis Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Metastasis Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Metastasis Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metastasis Stage M0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48700":{"preferredName":"M1 Stage Finding","code":"C48700","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical and/or pathologic distant metastasis TNM finding indicating the spread of cancer to distant anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"M1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Distant Metastasis Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Distant Metastasis Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Metastasis Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Metastasis Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metastasis Stage M1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48701":{"preferredName":"M1a Stage Finding","code":"C48701","definitions":[{"description":"A TNM finding indicating the spread of cancer to distant anatomic sites. The definition of M1a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for colorectal cancer it refers to metastasis confined to one organ or site (e.g., liver, lung, ovary, nonregional node); for prostate cancer it refers to metastasis to non-regional lymph node(s); for bone cancer it refers to metastasis to the lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"M1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1a Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1a Distant Metastasis Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1a Distant Metastasis Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1a Metastasis Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1a Metastasis Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1a Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1a Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1a Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1a TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metastasis Stage M1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48702":{"preferredName":"M1b Stage Finding","code":"C48702","definitions":[{"description":"A TNM finding indicating the spread of cancer to distant anatomic sites. The definition of M1b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for colorectal cancer it refers to metastases in more than one organ/site or the peritoneum; for prostate cancer it refers to metastasis to bone(s); for bone cancer it refers to metastasis to distant sites other than lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"M1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1b Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1b Distant Metastasis Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1b Distant Metastasis Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1b Metastasis Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1b Metastasis Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1b Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1b Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1b Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1b TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metastasis Stage M1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48703":{"preferredName":"M1c Stage Finding","code":"C48703","definitions":[{"description":"A TNM finding indicating the spread of cancer to distant anatomic sites. The definition of M1c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for prostate cancer it refers to metastasis to anatomic site(s) other than bone, with or without bone disease; for retinoblastoma it refers to central nervous system metastasis; for melanoma of the uvea it refers to distant metastasis, with the largest diameter of the largest metastasis measuring 8.0 cm or more.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"M1c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1c Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1c Distant Metastasis Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1c Distant Metastasis Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1c Metastasis Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1c Metastasis Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1c Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1c Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1c Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1c TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metastasis Stage M1c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48704":{"preferredName":"MX Stage Finding","code":"C48704","definitions":[{"description":"A distant metastasis TNM finding indicating that the status of distant metastasis cannot be assessed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MX Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MX Distant Metastasis Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MX Distant Metastasis Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MX Metastasis Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MX Metastasis Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MX Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MX Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MX Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MX TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metastasis Stage MX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48705":{"preferredName":"N0 Stage Finding","code":"C48705","definitions":[{"description":"A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of regional lymph node metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N0 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N0 Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N0 Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N0 Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N0 Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N0 Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N0 Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N0 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N0 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N0 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N0 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95921":{"preferredName":"N0 (i-) Stage Finding","code":"C95921","definitions":[{"description":"A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of regional lymph node metastasis histologically, and immunohistochemistry is negative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N0 (i-) Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N0 (i-) Stage 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Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95925":{"preferredName":"N0 (mol+) Stage Finding","code":"C95925","definitions":[{"description":"A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of regional lymph node metastasis histologically and by immunohistochemistry, but the molecular analysis (RT-PCR) is positive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N0 (mol+) Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N0 (mol+) Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48706":{"preferredName":"N1 Stage Finding","code":"C48706","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases usually in a limited number of regional lymph nodes. The definition of N1 TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to micrometastases or metastases in 1-3 axillary lymph nodes; for cutaneous melanoma it refers to metastasis in 1 regional lymph node; for colorectal cancer it refers to metastases in 1-3 regional lymph nodes; and for bladder cancer it refers to metastasis in 1 regional lymph node in the true pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1 Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1 Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1 Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1 Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1 Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1 Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48707":{"preferredName":"N1a Stage Finding","code":"C48707","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases usually in a limited number of regional lymph nodes. The definition of N1a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastasis in 1 to 3 axillary lymph nodes (at least 1 tumor deposit greater than 2.0 mm); for cutaneous melanoma it refers to micrometastasis in one regional lymph node; for colorectal cancer it refers to metastasis in one regional lymph node.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1a Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1a Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1a Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1a Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1a Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1a Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1a Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1a Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1a Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1a Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1a TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48708":{"preferredName":"N1b Stage Finding","code":"C48708","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases usually in a limited number of regional lymph nodes. The definition of N1b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in internal mammary lymph nodes with micrometastases or macrometastases detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy but not clinically detected; for cutaneous melanoma it refers to macrometastasis in one regional lymph node; for colorectal cancer it refers to metastasis in 2-3 regional lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1b Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1b Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1b Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1b Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1b Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1b Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1b Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1b Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1b Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1b Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1b TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95929":{"preferredName":"N1bI Stage Finding","code":"C95929","definitions":[{"description":"A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is metastasis to 1-3 nodes. The metastasis is greater than 2 mm and all are less than 20 mm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N1bI Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1bI Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95935":{"preferredName":"N1bII Stage Finding","code":"C95935","definitions":[{"description":"A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is metastasis to four or more nodes. The metastasis is greater than 2 mm and all are less than 20 mm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N1bII Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1bII Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95936":{"preferredName":"N1bIII Stage Finding","code":"C95936","definitions":[{"description":"A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that the tumor extends beyond the lymph node capsule and is less than 20 mm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N1bIII Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1bIII Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95937":{"preferredName":"N1bIV Stage Finding","code":"C95937","definitions":[{"description":"A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that the metastases to the lymph nodes are more than 20 mm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N1bIV Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1bIV Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48709":{"preferredName":"N1c Stage Finding","code":"C48709","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases usually in a limited number of regional lymph nodes. The definition of N1c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in 1 to 3 axillary lymph nodes and in internal mammary lymph nodes with micrometastases or macrometastases detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy but not clinically detected; for colorectal cancer it refers to tumor deposit(s) in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues without regional lymph node metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N1c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1c Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1c Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1c Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1c Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1c Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1c Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1c Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1c Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1c Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1c Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1c TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N1c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95955":{"preferredName":"N1mi Stage Finding","code":"C95955","definitions":[{"description":"A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating the presence of micrometastases (greater than 0.2 mm and/or more than 200 cells, but none greater than 2.0 mm).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N1mi Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1mi Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48786":{"preferredName":"N2 Stage Finding","code":"C48786","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in several regional lymph nodes. The definition of N2 TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in 4-9 axillary lymph nodes; for cutaneous melanoma it refers to metastases in 2-3 regional lymph nodes; for colorectal cancer it refers to metastases in 4 or more regional lymph nodes; and for bladder cancer it refers to metastases in multiple regional lymph nodes in the true pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2 Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2 Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2 Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2 Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2 Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2 Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48711":{"preferredName":"N2a Stage Finding","code":"C48711","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in several regional lymph nodes. The definition of N2a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in 4 to 9 axillary lymph nodes (at least 1 tumor deposit greater than 2.0 mm); for cutaneous melanoma it refers to micrometastases in 2-3 regional lymph nodes; for colorectal cancer it refers to metastases in 4-6 regional lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48712":{"preferredName":"N2b Stage Finding","code":"C48712","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in several regional lymph nodes. The definition of N2b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases only in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary nodes and in the absence of clinically evident level I, II axillary lymph node metastases; for cutaneous melanoma it refers to macrometastases in 2-3 regional lymph nodes; for colorectal cancer it refers to metastases in seven or more regional lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48713":{"preferredName":"N2c Stage Finding","code":"C48713","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in several regional lymph nodes. The definition of N2c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for cutaneous melanoma it refers to intralymphatic metastases (in transit or satellite metastases) without metastatic nodes; for lip and oral cavity cancer it refers to metastases in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N2c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N2c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48714":{"preferredName":"N3 Stage Finding","code":"C48714","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3 TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in 10 or more axillary lymph nodes; for cutaneous melanoma it refers to metastases in 4 or more regional lymph nodes; for gastric cancer it refers to metastases in 7 or more regional lymph nodes; and for bladder cancer it refers to metastases in common iliac lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48715":{"preferredName":"N3a Stage Finding","code":"C48715","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in 10 or more axillary lymph nodes (at least one tumor deposit greater than 2.0 mm) or metastases to the infraclavicular (level III axillary) lymph nodes; for gastric cancer it refers to metastases in 7-15 regional lymph nodes; for nasopharyngeal cancer it refers to metastases to one or more lymph nodes greater than 6 cm in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N3a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N3a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48716":{"preferredName":"N3b Stage Finding","code":"C48716","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary lymph nodes in the presence of one or more positive axillary lymph nodes, or in more than 3 axillary lymph nodes and in internal mammary lymph nodes with micrometastases or macrometastases detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy but not clinically detected; for gastric cancer it refers to metastases in sixteen or more regional lymph nodes; for nasopharyngeal cancer it refers to extension to the supraclavicular fossa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N3b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N3b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48717":{"preferredName":"N3c Stage Finding","code":"C48717","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N3c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N3c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96026":{"preferredName":"N4 Stage Finding","code":"C96026","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N4 TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for ocular adnexal lymphoma it refers to metastases to central lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N4 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N4 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48718":{"preferredName":"NX Stage Finding","code":"C48718","definitions":[{"description":"A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that the status of regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage NX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage NX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28051":{"preferredName":"Stage 0","code":"C28051","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer confined to the epithelium without invasion of the basement membrane.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27964":{"preferredName":"Stage 0a","code":"C27964","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer confined to the epithelium with formation of papillary structures without invasion of the basement membrane or noninvasive localized squamous cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 0a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27965":{"preferredName":"Stage 0is","code":"C27965","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer confined to the epithelium with formation of a flat surface without invasion of the basement membrane.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 0is","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0is","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27966":{"preferredName":"Stage I","code":"C27966","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cancer confined to the original anatomic site of growth without lymph node involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27975":{"preferredName":"Stage IA","code":"C27975","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cancer confined to the original anatomic site of growth without lymph node involvement. The definition of stage IA depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, stage IA is defined as follows: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. T1 includes T1mi. T1mi: Tumor 1 mm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis. M0 includes M0(i+); for bone cancer, stage IA is defined as follows: T1, N0, M0, G1, GX. T1: Tumor 8 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well differentiated-low grade. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (partially adapted from AJCC 8th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27983":{"preferredName":"Stage IA1","code":"C27983","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term referring to invasive cervical and lung cancer. For cervical cancer, it includes: T1a1, N0, M0. T1a1: Tumor with stromal invasion 3.0 mm or less in depth and 7.0 mm or less in horizontal spread. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. For lung cancer, it includes: (T1mi, N0, M0); (T1a, N0, M0). T1mi: Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma: adenocarcinoma (3 cm or less in greatest dimension) with a predominantly lepidic pattern and 5 mm or less invasion in greatest dimension. T1a: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less in greatest dimension. A superficial, spreading tumor of any size whose invasive component is limited to the bronchial wall and may extend proximal to the main bronchus also is classified as T1a, but these tumors are uncommon. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (adapted from AJCC)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27984":{"preferredName":"Stage IA2","code":"C27984","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term referring to invasive cervical cancer and invasive lung cancer. For cervical cancer, it includes: T1a2, N0, M0. T1a2: Tumor with stromal invasion more than 3.0 mm and not more than 5.0 mm with a horizontal spread 7.0 mm or less. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. For lung cancer, it includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Tumor measuring more than 1 cm but 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (adapted from AJCC)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IA2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27976":{"preferredName":"Stage IB","code":"C27976","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cancer confined to the original anatomic site of growth without lymph node involvement. The definition of stage IB depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, stage IB is defined as follows: (T0, N1mi, M0); (T1, N1mi, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. T1 includes T1mi. T1mi: Tumor 1 mm or less in greatest dimension. N1mi: Nodal micrometastases. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis. M0 includes M0(i+); for bone cancer, stage IB is defined as follows: (T2, N0, M0, G1, G2, GX); (T3, N0, M0, G1, G2, GX). T2: Tumor more than 8 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Discontinuous tumors in the primary bone site. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well differentiated-low grade. G2: Moderately differentiated-low grade. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28052":{"preferredName":"Stage IB1","code":"C28052","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term referring to invasive cervical cancer that is confined to the cervix without lymph node involvement. It includes: T1b1, N0, M0. T1b1: Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (partially adapted from AJCC)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IB1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28053":{"preferredName":"Stage IB2","code":"C28053","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term referring to invasive cervical cancer that is confined to the cervix without lymph node involvement. It includes: T1b2, N0, M0. T1b2: Clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (partially adapted from AJCC)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IB2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IB2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27981":{"preferredName":"Stage IC","code":"C27981","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer stage generally indicating the local invasion of tissues by cancer at the primary site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28054":{"preferredName":"Stage II","code":"C28054","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cancer more extensive than stage I, usually involving local lymph nodes without spread to distant anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27967":{"preferredName":"Stage IIA","code":"C27967","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cancer more extensive than stage I, usually involving local lymph nodes without spread to distant anatomic sites. The definition of stage IIA depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, stage IIA is defined as follows: (T0, N1, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. T1 includes T1mi. T1mi: Tumor 1 mm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor more than 20 mm but not more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. N1: Metastasis to movable ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph node(s). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis. M0 includes M0(i+); for bone cancer, stage IIA is defined as follows: T1, N0, M0, G3, G4. T1: Tumor 8 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G3: Poorly differentiated. G4: Undifferentiated. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95177":{"preferredName":"Stage IIA1","code":"C95177","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term that applies to cervical cancer and indicates that the tumor invades beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of vagina. There is no parametrial invasion. The lesion is clinically visible and measures 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95178":{"preferredName":"Stage IIA2","code":"C95178","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term that applies to cervical cancer and indicates that the tumor invades beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of vagina. There is no parametrial invasion. The lesion is clinically visible and measures more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIA2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27968":{"preferredName":"Stage IIB","code":"C27968","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cancer more extensive than stage I, usually involving local lymph nodes without spread to distant anatomic sites. The definition of stage IIB depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, stage IIB is defined as follows: (T2, N1, MO); (T3, NO, MO). T2: Tumor more than 20 mm but not more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. N1: Metastasis to movable ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph node(s). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis. M0 includes M0(i+); for bone cancer, stage IIB is defined as follows: T2, N0, M0, G3, G4. T2: Tumor more than 8 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G3: Poorly differentiated. G4: Undifferentiated. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27969":{"preferredName":"Stage IIC","code":"C27969","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer stage generally indicating the invasion of adjacent structures by cancer without distant metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27970":{"preferredName":"Stage III","code":"C27970","definitions":[{"description":"Locally advanced cancer that has spread to nearby organs but not to distant anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27977":{"preferredName":"Stage IIIA","code":"C27977","definitions":[{"description":"Locally advanced cancer that has spread to nearby organs but not to distant anatomic sites. The definition of stage IIIA depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, stage IIIA is defined as follows: (T0, N2, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. T1 includes T1mi. T1mi: Tumor 1 mm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor more than 20 mm but not more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. N1: Metastasis to movable ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph node(s). N2: Metastases in ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph nodes that are clinically fixed or matted; or in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary nodes in the absence of clinically evident axillary lymph node metastases. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis. M0 includes M0(i+); for cervical cancer, stage IIIA is defined as follows: T3a, N0, M0. T3a: Tumor involves lower third of vagina, no extension to pelvic wall. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIIA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27978":{"preferredName":"Stage IIIB","code":"C27978","definitions":[{"description":"Locally advanced cancer that has spread to nearby organs but not to distant anatomic sites. The definition of stage IIIB depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, stage IIIB is defined as follows: (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (T4, N2, M0). T4: Tumor of any size with direct extension to the chest wall and/or to the skin (ulceration or skin nodules). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis to movable ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph node(s). N2: Metastases in ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph nodes that are clinically fixed or matted; or in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary nodes in the absence of clinically evident axillary lymph node metastases. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis. M0 includes M0(i+); for cervical cancer, stage IIIB is defined as follows: (T3b, Any N, M0); (T1-3, N1, M0). T3: Tumor extends to pelvic wall and/or involves lower third of vagina, and/or causes hydronephrosis or non-functioning kidney. T3b: Tumor extends to pelvic wall and/or causes hydronephrosis or non-functioning kidney. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIIB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27982":{"preferredName":"Stage IIIC","code":"C27982","definitions":[{"description":"Locally advanced cancer that has spread to nearby organs but not to distant anatomic sites. The definition of stage IIIC depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, stage IIIC is defined as follows: Any T, N3, M0. N3: Metastases in ipsilateral infraclavicular (level III) axillary lymph nodes(s) with or without level I, II axillary lymph node involvement; or in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary lymph node(s) with clinically evident level I, II axillary lymph node metastases; or metastases in ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node(s) with or without axillary or internal mammary lymph node involvement. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis. M0 includes M0(i+); for appendix carcinoma, stage IIIC is defined as follows: Any T, N2, M0. N2: Metastasis in four or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIIC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95180":{"preferredName":"Stage IIIC2","code":"C95180","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term that applies to uterine corpus cancer and indicates that the tumor is confined to the corpus uteri, or it invades stromal connective tissue of the cervix but does not extend beyond the uterus, or it involves serosa and/or adnexa, vagina, or parametrial tissue. There is regional lymph node metastasis to para-aortic lymph nodes, with or without positive pelvic lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIIC2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28285":{"preferredName":"Stage Is","code":"C28285","definitions":[{"description":"Testicular cancer found in the testicle, spermatic cord and scrotum, associated with slightly elevated levels of all tumor markers or moderately/highly elevated levels of one or more tumor markers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 1S","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage Is","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27971":{"preferredName":"Stage IV","code":"C27971","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that has spread to distant anatomic sites beyond its original site of growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27979":{"preferredName":"Stage IVA","code":"C27979","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that has spread to distant anatomic sites beyond its original site of growth. The definition of stage IVA depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for bone cancer, stage IVA is defined as follows: Any T, N0, M1a, Any G. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M1a: Distant metastasis to lung; for vaginal cancer, stage IVA is defined as follows: T4, Any N, M0. T4: Tumor invades mucosa of the bladder or rectum and/or extends beyond the true pelvis (bullous edema is not sufficient evidence to classify a tumor as T4). M0: No distant metastasis. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IVA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27980":{"preferredName":"Stage IVB","code":"C27980","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that has spread to distant anatomic sites beyond its original site of growth. The definition of stage IVB depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for bone cancer, stage IVB is defined as follows: (Any T, N1, Any M, Any G); (Any T, Any N, M1b, Any G). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M1b: Metastasis to other distant sites; for vaginal cancer, stage IVB is defined as follows: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IVB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IVB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28055":{"preferredName":"Stage IVC","code":"C28055","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that has spread to distant anatomic sites beyond its original site of growth. The definition of stage IVC depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for head and neck carcinomas (lip and oral cavity carcinoma, laryngeal carcinoma, nasal cavity and paranasal sinus carcinoma, pharynx carcinoma, thyroid gland carcinoma, and major salivary gland carcinoma) and head and neck mucosal melanoma, stage IVC is defined as follows: any T, any N, M1; for appendix carcinoma, stage IVC is defined as follows: any T, any N, M1b, any G. M1: Distant metastasis. M1b: Nonperitoneal metastasis. G: Grade (cellular differentiation).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IVC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IVC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48738":{"preferredName":"Tis Stage Finding","code":"C48738","definitions":[{"description":"A term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor microscopically defined as carcinoma in situ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage Tis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95957":{"preferredName":"Stage X","code":"C95957","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term that is applied to patients who have not been evaluated, but are presumed to have cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage X","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95179":{"preferredName":"Stage IIIC1","code":"C95179","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term that applies to uterine corpus cancer and indicates that the tumor is confined to the corpus uteri, or it invades the stromal connective tissue of the cervix but does not extend beyond the uterus, or it involves serosa and/or adnexa, vagina, or parametrial tissue. There is regional lymph node metastasis to the pelvic lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIIC1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48719":{"preferredName":"T0 Stage Finding","code":"C48719","definitions":[{"description":"A primary tumor TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of primary tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48720":{"preferredName":"T1 Stage Finding","code":"C48720","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical and/or pathologic primary tumor TNM finding indicating that the cancer is limited to the site of growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48721":{"preferredName":"T1a Stage Finding","code":"C48721","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor limited to the site of growth. The definition of T1a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is more than 0.1cm, but not more than 0.5 cm in greatest dimension; for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is 4 cm or less in greatest dimension; and for thyroid cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is 1 cm or less in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C139711":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer pT1a1 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139711","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cervical carcinoma with measured stromal invasion of 3.0 mm or less in depth and 7.0 mm or less in horizontal spread. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer pT1a1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma pT1a1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C139712":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer pT1a2 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139712","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cervical carcinoma with measured stromal invasion of more than 3.0 mm and not more than 5.0 mm, with a horizontal spread of 7.0 mm or less. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer pT1a2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma pT1a2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48722":{"preferredName":"T1b Stage Finding","code":"C48722","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor limited to the site of growth. The definition of T1b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is more than 0.5 cm, but not more than 1.0 cm in greatest dimension; for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is more than 4 cm, but not more than 7 cm in greatest dimension; and for thyroid cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is more than 1 cm but not more than 2 cm in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1b Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1b Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1b Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1b Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1b Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1b Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1b TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1b Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1b Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C139692":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer cT1b1 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139692","definitions":[{"description":"Cervical cancer with clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer cT1b1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma cT1b1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C139693":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer cT1b2 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139693","definitions":[{"description":"Cervical cancer with clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IB2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer cT1b2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IB2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma cT1b2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48723":{"preferredName":"T1c Stage Finding","code":"C48723","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor limited to the site of growth. The definition of T1c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is more than 1.0 cm, but not more than 2.0 cm in greatest dimension; for uterine corpus cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades one-half or more of the myometrium; and for melanoma of the iris it refers to a primary tumor limited to the iris with secondary glaucoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T1c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1c Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1c Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1c Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1c Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1c Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1c Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1c TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1c Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1c Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T1c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95805":{"preferredName":"T1mi Stage Finding","code":"C95805","definitions":[{"description":"A term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor limited to the site of growth and indicates microinvasion only.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T1mi Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1mi Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48724":{"preferredName":"T2 Stage Finding","code":"C48724","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of primary tumor growth beyond the level of in situ cancer, minimal subepithelial invasion, or minimal greatest diameter. The definition of T2 TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to primary tumor that is more than 2.0 cm, but not more than 5.0 cm in greatest dimension; for cutaneous melanoma it refers to primary tumor that is 1.01 to 2 mm in thickness, with or without ulceration; for colorectal cancer it refers to primary tumor with invasion into the muscularis propria; and for bladder cancer it refers to primary tumor with invasion into the muscle layer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2 Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2 Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2 Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2 Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48725":{"preferredName":"T2a Stage Finding","code":"C48725","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor growth beyond the level of in situ cancer, minimal subepithelial invasion, or minimal greatest diameter. The definition of T2a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that measures more than 7 cm but less than or equal to 10 cm in greatest dimension, and is limited to the kidney; for bladder cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the superficial muscularis propria (inner half); for cervical cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of vagina and there is no parametrial invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C139696":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer cT2a1 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139696","definitions":[{"description":"Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina without parametrial invasion. Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IIA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer cT2a1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IIA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma cT2a1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C139697":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer cT2a2 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139697","definitions":[{"description":"Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina without parametrial invasion. Clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IIA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer cT2a2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IIA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma cT2a2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48726":{"preferredName":"T2b Stage Finding","code":"C48726","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor growth beyond the level of in situ cancer, minimal subepithelial invasion, or minimal greatest diameter. The definition of T2b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that measures more than 10 cm in greatest dimension, and is limited to the kidney; for bladder cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the deep muscularis propria (outer half); for cervical cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of vagina and there is parametrial invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48727":{"preferredName":"T2c Stage Finding","code":"C48727","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor growth beyond the level of in situ cancer, minimal subepithelial invasion, or minimal greatest diameter. The definition of T2c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for prostate cancer it refers to a primary tumor that involves both lobes of the prostate gland; for ovarian cancer it refers to a primary tumor that involves one or both ovaries with extension or implants on the uterus and/or fallopian tubes, or other pelvic tissues, with malignant cells in either ascites or peritoneal washings; for fallopian tube cancer it refers to a primary tumor with pelvic extension and malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T2c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T2c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148411":{"preferredName":"T2d Stage Finding","code":"C148411","definitions":[{"description":"A TNM stage finding term that refers to choroidal and ciliary body melanoma or conjunctival melanoma TNM staging. For choroidal and ciliary body melanoma it means tumor size category 2 with ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension 5 mm or less in largest diameter. For conjunctival melanoma it means caruncular tumor, and more than 1 quadrant of the nonbulbar conjunctiva involved. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T2d","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T2d","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48728":{"preferredName":"T3 Stage Finding","code":"C48728","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical and/or pathologic primary tumor TNM finding usually indicating that the cancer is locally invasive, without infiltration of adjacent structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48729":{"preferredName":"T3a Stage Finding","code":"C48729","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor usually indicating that the cancer is locally invasive. The definition of T3a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that grossly extends into the renal vein or its segmental (muscle containing) branches or the tumor invades perirenal and/or renal sinus fat but does not extends beyond Gerota's fascia; for cervical cancer it refers to a primary tumor that involves the lower third of vagina, without extension to pelvic wall; for liver cancer it refers to the presence of multiple tumors measuring more than 5 cm in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T3a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T3a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48730":{"preferredName":"T3b Stage Finding","code":"C48730","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor usually indicating that the cancer is locally invasive. The definition of T3b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that grossly extends into the vena cava below the diaphragm; for cervical cancer it refers to a primary tumor that extends to the pelvic wall and/or causes hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney; for liver cancer it refers to a single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T3b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T3b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48731":{"preferredName":"T3c Stage Finding","code":"C48731","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor usually indicating that the cancer is locally invasive. The definition of T3c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that grossly extends into the vena cava above the diaphragm, or invades the wall of the vena cava; for fallopian tube cancer it refers to a primary tumor with peritoneal metastasis outside the pelvis measuring more than 2 cm in diameter; for melanoma of the conjunctiva it refers to a primary tumor invading the orbit.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T3c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T3c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148412":{"preferredName":"T3d Stage Finding","code":"C148412","definitions":[{"description":"A TNM stage finding term that refers to choroidal and ciliary body melanoma, conjunctival melanoma, or retinoblastoma TNM staging. For choroidal and ciliary body melanoma it means tumor size category 3 with ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension 5 mm or less in largest diameter. For conjunctival melanoma it means tumor of any size invading the nasolacrimal duct and/or lacrimal sac and/or paranasal sinuses. For retinoblastoma it means hyphema and/or massive vitreous hemorrhage (clinical) or full-thickness invasion into the outer third of the sclera and/or invasion into or around emissary channels (pathologic). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T3d","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T3d","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48732":{"preferredName":"T4 Stage Finding","code":"C48732","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical and/or pathologic primary tumor TNM finding indicating direct invasion of adjacent structures by cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48733":{"preferredName":"T4a Stage Finding","code":"C48733","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor with direct invasion of adjacent structures. The definition of T4a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for bladder cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the prostatic stroma, uterus, and vagina; for gastric cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum); for colorectal cancer it refers to a primary tumor that penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T4a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T4a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48734":{"preferredName":"T4b Stage Finding","code":"C48734","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor with direct invasion of adjacent structures. The definition of T4b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for bladder cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the pelvic wall and abdominal wall; for gastric cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades adjacent structures; for colorectal cancer it refers to a primary tumor with direct invasion or adherence to other organs or structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T4b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T4b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48735":{"preferredName":"T4c Stage Finding","code":"C48735","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor with direct invasion of adjacent structures. The definition of T4c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to a primary tumor that extends to the chest wall, not including the pectoralis muscle, and with edema (including peau d'orange) or ulceration of the skin of the breast or satellite skin nodules confined to the same breast; for ocular adnexal lymphoma it refers to a primary tumor that Involves the maxillofacial, ethmoidal, and/or frontal sinuses; for carcinoma of the conjunctiva it refers to a primary tumor that invades adjacent paranasal sinuses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T4c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T4c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48736":{"preferredName":"T4d Stage Finding","code":"C48736","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor with direct invasion of adjacent structures. The definition of T4d TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to a primary tumor that meets the clinical-pathologic criteria of inflammatory carcinoma; for ocular adnexal lymphoma it refers to a primary tumor with intracranial spread; for carcinoma of the conjunctiva it refers to a primary tumor that invades the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T4d","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T4d","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C140651":{"preferredName":"Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanoma pT4e TNM Finding v8","code":"C140651","definitions":[{"description":"Choroidal and ciliary body melanoma, any tumor size category with extraocular extension more than 5 mm in largest diameter. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanoma pT4e TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96025":{"preferredName":"Ta Stage Finding","code":"C96025","definitions":[{"description":"A term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary, non-invasive, papillary cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ta Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ta Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C139414":{"preferredName":"Breast Cancer pTis (DCIS) TNM Finding v8","code":"C139414","definitions":[{"description":"Breast cancer with a finding of ductal carcinoma in situ. Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a benign entity and is removed from TNM staging in the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 8th Edition. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Cancer pTis (DCIS) TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma pTis (DCIS) TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48976":{"preferredName":"Breast Cancer pTis (LCIS) TNM Finding v6 and v7","code":"C48976","definitions":[{"description":"Breast cancer with a finding of lobular carcinoma in situ. (from AJCC 6th and 7th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Cancer pTis (LCIS) TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer pTis (LCIS) TNM Finding v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer pTis (LCIS) TNM Finding v6 and v7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer pTis (LCIS) TNM Finding v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTis (LCIS) Breast Cancer v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTis (LCIS) Breast Carcinoma v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTis (LCIS) Cancer of Breast v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTis (LCIS) Cancer of the Breast v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTis (LCIS) Carcinoma of Breast v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTis (LCIS) Carcinoma of the Breast v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C47858":{"preferredName":"Paget Disease of the Breast without Invasive Carcinoma","code":"C47858","definitions":[{"description":"Paget disease involving the skin overlying the mammary gland, without accompanying invasive ductal or lobular breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Paget Disease of the Breast without Invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget Disease of the Breast without Invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of the Breast without Invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis (Paget)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48737":{"preferredName":"TX Stage Finding","code":"C48737","definitions":[{"description":"A primary tumor TNM finding indicating that the status of the primary tumor cannot be assessed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage TX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C125472":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage I","code":"C125472","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical stage that refers to lymphoma involving a single lymph node region or a single extranodal organ (Ie).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage I","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C125474":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage II","code":"C125474","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical stage that refers to lymphoma involving two or more node regions on the same side of the diaphragm or a single extranodal organ plus its regional lymph nodes with or without other nodes on the same side of the diaphragm (IIe).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage II","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C125476":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage III","code":"C125476","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical stage that refers to lymphoma involving node regions on both sides of the diaphragm, or an extralymphatic organ or site plus nodes on both sides of the diaphragm (IIIe), or lymph nodes on both sides of the diaphragm plus spleen (IIIs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage III","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C125478":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage IV","code":"C125478","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical stage that refers to diffuse extralymphatic involvement by lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage IV","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C125473":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage I","code":"C125473","definitions":[{"description":"A pathologic stage that refers to lymphoma involving a single lymph node region or a single extranodal organ (Ie).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C125475":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage II","code":"C125475","definitions":[{"description":"A pathologic stage that refers to lymphoma involving two or more node regions on the same side of the diaphragm or a single extranodal organ plus its regional lymph nodes with or without other nodes on the same side of the diaphragm (IIe).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C125477":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage III","code":"C125477","definitions":[{"description":"A pathologic stage that refers to lymphoma involving node regions on both sides of the diaphragm, or an extralymphatic organ or site plus nodes on both sides of the diaphragm (IIIe), or lymph nodes on both sides of the diaphragm plus spleen (IIIs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C125479":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage IV","code":"C125479","definitions":[{"description":"A pathologic stage that refers to diffuse extralymphatic involvement by lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96243":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage 0","code":"C96243","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers and refers to carcinoma in situ. For cervical cancer, it used to refer to cancer that is confined to the cervical epithelium without stromal invasion; for endometrial cancer, it used to refer to cancer that is confined to the endometrium without myometrial invasion. FIGO no longer includes stage 0 cervical or endometrial cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96244":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage I","code":"C96244","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to invasive cancer that is confined to the cervix; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer confined to the corpus uteri with no or less than one-half myometrial invasion (IA) or invasion of one-half or more of the myometrium (IB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96245":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IA","code":"C96245","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to invasive cancer that is diagnosed microscopically only. The stromal invasion has a maximum depth of 5.00 mm and a horizontal spread of 7.00 mm or less; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer limited to endometrium or invades less than one-half of the myometrium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96246":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IA1","code":"C96246","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to invasive cancer that is diagnosed microscopically only. The stromal invasion has a maximum depth of 3.00 mm and a horizontal spread of 7.00 mm or less; there is no FIGO stage IA1 for endometrial cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96247":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IA2","code":"C96247","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to invasive cancer that is diagnosed microscopically only. The stromal invasion is more than 3.00 mm but no more than 5.00 mm with a horizontal spread of 7.00 mm or less; there is no FIGO stage A2 for endometrial cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IA2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96248":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IB","code":"C96248","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to invasive cancer that is clinically visible and is confined to the cervix or it is diagnosed microscopically and the stromal invasion is more than 5.00 mm and the horizontal spread is more than 7.00 mm; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer that is confined to the uterine body and invades one-half or more of the myometrium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96249":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IB1","code":"C96249","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to clinically visible lesions that measure 4.0 cm or less in diameter; there is no FIGO stage IB1 for endometrial cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IB1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96250":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IB2","code":"C96250","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to clinically visible lesions that measure more than 4.0 cm in diameter; there is no FIGO stage IB2 for endometrial cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IB2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IB2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96251":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IC","code":"C96251","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, there is no FIGO stage IC; for endometrial cancer, in the older FIGO classification stage scheme, it referred to invasion of more than a half of the myometrium. Stage IC for endometrial cancer has been eliminated in the most recent (2010) FIGO classification stage scheme.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96252":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage II","code":"C96252","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that invades beyond the cervix, but not to the pelvic wall or lower third of the vagina; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer that invades the stromal connective tissue of the cervix, but it does not extend beyond the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96253":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIA","code":"C96253","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that invades beyond the cervix, but not to the pelvic wall or lower third of the vagina and there is no parametrial invasion; for endometrial cancer, in the older FIGO classification stage scheme, it referred to endocervical glandular involvement only. Stage IIA for endometrial cancer has been eliminated in the most recent (2010) FIGO classification stage scheme.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95172":{"preferredName":"Stage IIA1 Cervical Cancer AJCC v7","code":"C95172","definitions":[{"description":"Stage IIA1 includes: T2a1, N0, M0. Tumor invades beyond uterus but no to pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. No parametrial invasion. T2a1: Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIA1 Cervical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIA1 Cervical Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIA1 Cervical Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Stage IIA1 Cervical Cancer AJCC v7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95173":{"preferredName":"Stage IIA2 Cervical Cancer AJCC v7","code":"C95173","definitions":[{"description":"Stage IIA2 includes: T2a2, N0, M0. Tumor invades beyond uterus but no to pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. No parametrial invasion. T2a2: Clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIA2 Cervical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIA2 Cervical Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIA2 Cervical Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Stage IIA2 Cervical Cancer AJCC v7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96254":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIB","code":"C96254","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that invades beyond the cervix, but not to the pelvic wall or lower third of the vagina and there is parametrial invasion; for endometrial cancer, in the older FIGO classification stage scheme, it referred to cervical stromal invasion. Stage IIB for endometrial cancer has been eliminated in the most recent (2010) FIGO classification stage scheme.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96255":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage III","code":"C96255","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that extends to the pelvic wall, and/or involves the lower third of vagina, and/or causes hydronephrosis or non-functioning kidney; for endometrial cancer, FIGO stage III is subdivided into stages IIIA and IIIB; in FIGO stage IIIA, there is involvement of the serosa and/or the adnexa; for FIGO stage IIIB, there is vaginal or parametrial involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96256":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIIA","code":"C96256","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that involves the lower third of vagina and there is no extension to the pelvic wall; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer with involvement of the serosa and/or the adnexa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96257":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIIB","code":"C96257","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that extends to the pelvic wall, and/or causes hydronephrosis or non-functioning kidney; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer with vaginal or parametrial involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96258":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIIC","code":"C96258","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. There is no FIGO stage IIIC for cervical cancer; for endometrial cancer, FIGO stage IIIC is subdivided into stages IIIC1 and IIIC2; in FIGO stage IIIC1, there is regional metastasis to pelvic lymph nodes; for FIGO stage IIIC2, there is regional metastasis to para-aortic lymph nodes with or without metastasis to pelvic lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96259":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIIC1","code":"C96259","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. There is no FIGO stage IIIC1 for cervical cancer; for endometrial cancer, it refers to regional metastasis to pelvic lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIC1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIC1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96260":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIIC2","code":"C96260","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. There is no FIGO stage IIIC2 for cervical cancer; for endometrial cancer, it refers to regional metastasis to para-aortic lymph nodes with or without metastasis to pelvic lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIC2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIC2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96261":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IV","code":"C96261","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that invades the mucosa of bladder or rectum, and/or extends beyond the true pelvis (FIGO stage IVA), or to cancer with distant metastases (FIGO stage IVB); for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer that invades the bladder mucosa and/or the bowel mucosa (FIGO stage IVA), or to cancer with distant metastases (FIGO stage IVB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96262":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IVA","code":"C96262","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that invades the mucosa of bladder or rectum, and/or extends beyond the true pelvis; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer that invades the bladder mucosa and/or the bowel mucosa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IVA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96263":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IVB","code":"C96263","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer with distant metastases, including peritoneal involvement, involvement of the supraclavicular or mediastinal lymph nodes, and metastases to the lung, bone, or liver; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer with distant metastases, including metastases to the inguinal lymph nodes, intraperitoneal involvement, or metastases to the lung, bone, or liver. Endometrial cancer metastases to the para-aortic lymph nodes, vagina, adnexa, or pelvic serosa are excluded from this stage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IVB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IVB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C70658":{"preferredName":"ISS Stage I Plasma Cell Myeloma","code":"C70658","definitions":[{"description":"Plasma cell myeloma with beta-2-microglobulin less than 3.5 and albumin greater than or equal to 3.5 (median survival of 62 months). Note that the older Durie/Salmon staging system defines stage I quite differently. (PDQ)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ISS Stage I Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISS Stage I Multiple Myeloma/Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ISS Stage I Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"International Staging System Stage I Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"International Staging System Stage I Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Myeloma Stage I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage I Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage I Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C70659":{"preferredName":"ISS Stage II Plasma Cell Myeloma","code":"C70659","definitions":[{"description":"Plasma cell myeloma with blood levels of beta-2-microglobulin between 3.5 and 5.5 mg/L.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ISS Stage II Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISS Stage II Multiple Myeloma/Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ISS Stage II Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"International Staging System Stage II Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"International Staging System Stage II Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Myeloma Stage II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage II Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage II Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C70660":{"preferredName":"ISS Stage III Plasma Cell Myeloma","code":"C70660","definitions":[{"description":"Plasma cell myeloma with beta-2-microglobulin greater than or equal to 5.5 (median survival of 29 months). Note that the older Durie/Salmon staging system defines stage III quite differently. (PDQ)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ISS Stage III Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISS Stage III Multiple Myeloma/Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ISS Stage III Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"International Staging System Stage III Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"International Staging System Stage III Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Myeloma Stage III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage III Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage III Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13332":{"preferredName":"Bilateral","code":"C13332","definitions":[{"description":"Affecting both sides of the body, or a pair of organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Affecting both the right and left sides of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Affecting both sides of the body or a matched pair of organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BILATERAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bilateral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bilateral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Right and Left","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bilateral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C25229":{"preferredName":"Left","code":"C25229","definitions":[{"description":"Being or located on or directed toward the side of the body to the west when facing north.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Being or located on or directed toward the side of the body to the west when facing north.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEFT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Left","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Left","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C81170":{"preferredName":"Midline","code":"C81170","definitions":[{"description":"A medial line, especially the medial line or medial plane of the body (or some part of the body).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A medial line, especially the medial line or medial plane of the body (or some part of the body).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MIDLINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesial","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Midline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Midline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Midplane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25228":{"preferredName":"Right","code":"C25228","definitions":[{"description":"Being or located on or directed toward the side of the body to the east when facing north.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Being or located on or directed toward the side of the body to the east when facing north.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RIGHT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Right","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Right","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28012":{"preferredName":"Unilateral","code":"C28012","definitions":[{"description":"Affecting one side of the body or one of a pair of organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Having to do with one side of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"UNILATERAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Unilateral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"unilateral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C25153":{"preferredName":"Autopsy","code":"C25153","definitions":[{"description":"A postmortem examination of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A postmortem examination of the body that includes an examination of the internal organs and structures after dissection to determine the cause of death and the nature of pathological changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AUTOPSY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Autopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15189":{"preferredName":"Biopsy","code":"C15189","definitions":[{"description":"The removal of cells or tissues for examination by a pathologist. The pathologist may study the tissue under a microscope or perform other tests on the cells or tissue. There are many different types of biopsy procedures. The most common types include: (1) incisional biopsy, in which only a sample of tissue is removed; (2) excisional biopsy, in which an entire lump or suspicious area is removed; and (3) needle biopsy, in which a sample of tissue or fluid is removed with a needle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The removal of tissue specimens or fluid from the living body for microscopic examination, performed to establish a diagnosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The removal of tissue specimens or fluid from the living body for microscopic examination, performed to establish a diagnosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIOPSY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Biopsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biopsy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bx","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C17610":{"preferredName":"Blood Sample","code":"C17610","definitions":[{"description":"A small volume of blood removed for testing or storage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood Sample","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C133261":{"preferredName":"Bone Marrow Aspirate","code":"C133261","definitions":[{"description":"Aspirate from bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone Marrow Aspirate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Bone Marrow Aspirate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}]}}{"C15680":{"preferredName":"Core Biopsy","code":"C15680","definitions":[{"description":"The removal of a tissue sample with a wide needle for examination under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The removal of a tissue sample using a needle with a relatively large diameter, for microscopic examination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Core Biopsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Core Biopsy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Core Biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Core Needle Biopsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"core biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"core needle biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C16482":{"preferredName":"Cystoscopy","code":"C16482","definitions":[{"description":"Endoscopic examination of the urinary bladder or urethra.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Examination of the bladder and urethra using a cystoscope, inserted into the urethra. A cystoscope is a thin, tube-like instrument with a light and a lens for viewing. It may also have a tool to remove tissue to be checked under a microscope for signs of disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Endoscopic examination of the urinary bladder or urethra.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYSTOSCOPY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cystoscopy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cystoscopy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cystoscopy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C16491":{"preferredName":"Cytology","code":"C16491","definitions":[{"description":"The study of cells using a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The light microscopic study of normal and abnormal cells in fine needle aspirates (FNAs), body cavity fluids, and smears.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cytology","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytology","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cytology","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histology, Cytology","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cytology","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C51661":{"preferredName":"Debulking Procedure","code":"C51661","definitions":[{"description":"Surgical removal of as much of a tumor as possible. Debulking may increase the chance that chemotherapy or radiation therapy will kill all the tumor cells. It may also be done to relieve symptoms or help the patient live longer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Debulking","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Debulking Procedure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"debulking","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C16502":{"preferredName":"Diagnostic Imaging","code":"C16502","definitions":[{"description":"Any method that uses a visual display of structural or functional patterns of organs or tissues for diagnostic evaluation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diagnostic Imaging","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diagnostic Imaging","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diagnostic Imaging","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medical Imaging","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15226":{"preferredName":"Dilation and Curettage","code":"C15226","definitions":[{"description":"A minor operation in which the cervix is expanded enough (dilation) to permit the cervical canal and uterine lining to be scraped with a spoon-shaped instrument called a curette (curettage).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A surgical scraping and removal of the inner lining of the uterus through direct dilation of the uterine cervix.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D and C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D&C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Dilation and Curettage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dilation and Curettage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dilation and Curettage of the Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dilatation and curettage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"dilation and curettage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C48601":{"preferredName":"Enucleation","code":"C48601","definitions":[{"description":"In medicine, the removal of an organ or tumor in such a way that it comes out clean and whole, like a nut from its shell.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A surgical procedure by which tissue or an organ (usually containing a tumor) is removed without rupture from a specific anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enucleation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"enucleation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15385":{"preferredName":"Excisional Biopsy","code":"C15385","definitions":[{"description":"A surgical procedure in which an entire lump or suspicious area is removed for diagnosis. The tissue is then examined under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A surgical procedure in which an entire lesion is removed for microscopic examination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Excisional Biopsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Excisional Biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"excisional biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"surgical biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15361":{"preferredName":"Fine-Needle Aspiration","code":"C15361","definitions":[{"description":"The removal of tissue or fluid with a thin needle for examination under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The removal of tissue specimens or fluid from the living body with a thin needle.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aspirate, Fine Needle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FNA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FNA biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Fine Needle Aspiration","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fine-Needle Aspiration","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fine-Needle Aspiration","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fine-Needle Aspiration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fine-needle aspiration biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15386":{"preferredName":"Incisional Biopsy","code":"C15386","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure in which a surgical incision (cut) is made through the skin to expose and remove tissues. The biopsy tissue is examined under a microscope by a pathologist. An open biopsy may be done in the doctor's office or in the hospital, and may use local anesthesia or general anesthesia. A lumpectomy to remove a breast tumor is a type of open biopsy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A surgical procedure in which part of a lesion is removed for microscopic examination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Incisional Biopsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Incisional Biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Open Biopsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"incisional biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"open biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C16969":{"preferredName":"Laparoscopy","code":"C16969","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure that uses a laparoscope, inserted through the abdominal wall, to examine the inside of the abdomen. A laparoscope is a thin, tube-like instrument with a light and a lens for viewing. It may also have a tool to remove tissue to be checked under a microscope for signs of disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A technique used to examine the abdominopelvic region with a laparoscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A surgical procedure during which a laparoscope is inserted into the abdomen to view the abdominopelvic contents for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LAPAROSCOPY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Laparoscopic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laparoscopy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Laparoscopy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"laparoscopy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15266":{"preferredName":"Laparotomy","code":"C15266","definitions":[{"description":"A surgical incision made in the wall of the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Creation of a surgical opening into the abdominal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Laparotomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"laparotomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C17348":{"preferredName":"Pap Smear","code":"C17348","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure in which cells are scraped from the cervix for examination under a microscope. It is used to detect cancer and changes that may lead to cancer. A Pap smear can also show conditions, such as infection or inflammation, that are not cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The collecting of secretions and superficial cells of the body of uterus, cervix, and ovaries; examined with a microscope to detect any abnormal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Smear Preparation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Smear Procedure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pap Smear","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pap Smear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pap Smear Procedure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pap Test","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pap smear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Pap test","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Papanicolaou Smear Procedure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papanicolaou Test","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal Smears","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15232":{"preferredName":"Excision","code":"C15232","definitions":[{"description":"Removal by surgery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The act of cutting out; the surgical removal of part or all of a structure or organ. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The act of cutting out; the surgical removal of part or all of a structure or organ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abscission","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EXCISION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Excision","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Excision","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Excision","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Excisional","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extirpation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Removal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Resection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surgical Removal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"excision","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15392":{"preferredName":"Thoracentesis","code":"C15392","definitions":[{"description":"Removal of fluid from the pleural cavity through a needle inserted between the ribs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The removal of excess fluid via needle puncture from the thoracic cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chest Aspiration","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural Cavity Tap","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural Tap","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleurocentesis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Puncture of Pleural Cavity for Aspiration","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thoracentesis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thoracentesis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thoracentesis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thoracic Paracentesis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"thoracentesis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C93022":{"preferredName":"Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy","code":"C93022","definitions":[{"description":"A biopsy procedure that uses an ultrasound imaging device to find an abnormal area of tissue and guide its removal for examination under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ultrasound-guided biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C17369":{"preferredName":"Imaging Technique","code":"C17369","definitions":[{"description":"A method of producing pictures of areas inside the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any technology or method that aids in the visualization of any biological process, cell, tissue or organ for use in screening, diagnosis, surgical procedures or therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diagnostic Imaging Technique","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imaging","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imaging Procedures","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imaging Technique","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imaging Technique","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imaging Technique","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medical Imaging","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"imaging","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"imaging procedure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C20989":{"preferredName":"Physical Examination","code":"C20989","definitions":[{"description":"A systemic evaluation of the body and its functions using visual inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation. The purpose is to determine the presence or absence of physical signs of disease or abnormality for an individual's health assessment.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An exam of the body to check for general signs of disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A systemic evaluation of the body and its functions using visual inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation. The purpose is to determine the presence or absence of physical signs of disease or abnormality for an individual's health assessment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Assessment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHYSICAL EXAM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PHYSICAL EXAMINATION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Physical","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Physical Assessment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Physical Exam","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Physical Exam","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Physical Examination","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Physical Examination","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Physical Examination","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Physical Examination","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"assessment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"physical examination","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C125006":{"preferredName":"Pathologic Examination","code":"C125006","definitions":[{"description":"An appraisal by a pathologist that is based on microscopic and macroscopic structural and functional changes that result from disease processes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An assessment of disease process to include cause, development, and/or structural and functional changes associated with the disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pathologic Examination","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pathologic Examination","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pathology Examination","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12996":{"preferredName":"Vestibulocochlear Nerve","code":"C12996","definitions":[{"description":"The eighth cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The eighth cranial nerve composed of the acoustic nerve and the vestibular nerve. The nerve travels from the inner ear, enters the cranial cavity through the internal auditory foramen and joins the brainstem. The auditory nerve conveys impulses from the cochlea of the inner ear to the auditory nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular nerve carries information from the labyrinths of the inner ear to the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cranial Nerve Eight","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cranial Nerve VIII","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eighth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"VIIIth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vestibulocochlear Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12323":{"preferredName":"Prepuce","code":"C12323","definitions":[{"description":"A fold of skin covering the end of the penis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A covering fold of skin, often used alone to designate the preputium penis.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PREPUCE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Prepuce","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Preputium Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Preputium Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12319":{"preferredName":"Round Ligament","code":"C12319","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the round ligaments including the round ligament of the liver and the round ligament of the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Round Ligament","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Round Ligament","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26808":{"preferredName":"Acute Renal Failure","code":"C26808","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the acute loss of renal function and is traditionally classified as pre-renal (low blood flow into kidney), renal (kidney damage) and post-renal causes (ureteral or bladder outflow obstruction).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Deterioration of renal function, occurring within a time frame of hours to weeks, that results in failure to maintain normal fluid, electrolyte, waste products, and/or acid-base balance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Sudden and sustained deterioration of the kidney function characterized by decreased glomerular filtration rate, increased serum creatinine or oliguria.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AKI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Kidney Injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Kidney Injury","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Renal Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Renal Failure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute kidney injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}]}}{"C26691":{"preferredName":"Adrenocortical Insufficiency","code":"C26691","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder that occurs when the adrenal cortex does not produce enough of the hormone cortisol and in some cases, the hormone aldosterone. It may be due to a disorder of the adrenal cortex as in Addison's disease or primary adrenal insufficiency.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Subnormal concentration of cortisol, with or without mineralocorticoid insufficiency.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An endocrine or hormonal disorder that occurs when the adrenal cortex does not produce enough of the hormone cortisol and in some cases, the hormone aldosterone. It may be due to a disorder of the adrenal cortex (Addison's disease or primary adrenal insufficiency) or to inadequate secretion of ACTH by the pituitary gland (secondary adrenal insufficiency).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Hypofunction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Insufficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Insufficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Insufficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Adrenal Insufficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal insufficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Insufficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Insufficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hypocortisolemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hypocortisolism","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C114476":{"preferredName":"Allergic Reaction","code":"C114476","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an adverse local or general response from exposure to an allergen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A hypersensitive immune reaction to a substance that normally is harmless or would not cause an immune response in most people. An allergic response may cause harmful symptoms such as itching or inflammation or tissue injury.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A hypersensitivity reaction triggered by exposure to a previously encountered foreign substance to which the individual has formed antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An immune response that occurs following re-exposure to an innocuous antigen, and that requires the presence of existing antibodies against that antigen. This response involves the binding of IgE to mast cells, and may worsen with repeated exposures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allergic Reaction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allergic Reaction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Allergic reaction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Allergy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"allergic response","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2869":{"preferredName":"Anemia","code":"C2869","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which the number of red blood cells is below normal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an reduction in the amount of hemoglobin in 100 ml of blood. Signs and symptoms of anemia may include pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, shortness of breath, palpitations of the heart, soft systolic murmurs, lethargy, and fatigability.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Abnormally low level of hemoglobin in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A reduction in the number of red blood cells, the amount of hemoglobin, and/or the volume of packed red blood cells. Clinically, anemia represents a reduction in the oxygen-transporting capacity of a designated volume of blood, resulting from an imbalance between blood loss (through hemorrhage or hemolysis) and blood production. Signs and symptoms of anemia may include pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, shortness of breath, palpitations of the heart, soft systolic murmurs, lethargy, and fatigability.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C26696":{"preferredName":"Anxiety","code":"C26696","definitions":[{"description":"An emotional state characterized by excessive worried thoughts that may be accompanied by restlessness, tension, tachycardia, increased blood pressure, and/or dyspnea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Feelings of fear, dread, and uneasiness that may occur as a reaction to stress. A person with anxiety may sweat, feel restless and tense, and have a rapid heart beat. Extreme anxiety that happens often over time may be a sign of an anxiety disorder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Apprehension of danger and dread accompanied by restlessness, tension, tachycardia, and dyspnea unattached to a clearly identifiable stimulus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anxiety","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anxiety","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Anxiety","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anxiety","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anxiety","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"anxiety","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2881":{"preferredName":"Arrhythmia","code":"C2881","definitions":[{"description":"Any variation from the normal rate or rhythm (which may include the origin of the impulse and/or its subsequent propagation) in the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Any variation from the normal rate or rhythm (which may include the origin of the impulse and/or its subsequent propagation) in the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arrhythmia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Arrhythmia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arrhythmia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cardiac Arrhythmia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac Arrhythmia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C2883":{"preferredName":"Arthritis","code":"C2883","definitions":[{"description":"A disease that causes inflammation and pain in the joints.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving a joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Inflammation of the joint tissues of any etiology. Signs and symptoms may include pain, swelling, warmth, guarding, limited range of motion or overlying erythema.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An inflammatory process affecting a joint. Causes include infection, autoimmune processes, degenerative processes, and trauma. Signs and symptoms may include swelling around the affected joint and pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Arthritis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C28397":{"preferredName":"Asthma","code":"C28397","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic disease in which the bronchial airways in the lungs become narrowed and swollen, making it difficult to breathe. Symptoms include wheezing, coughing, tightness in the chest, shortness of breath, and rapid breathing. An attack may be brought on by pet hair, dust, smoke, pollen, mold, exercise, cold air, or stress.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic respiratory disease caused by obstruction of the bronchi and small airways, and characterized by wheezing and shortness of breath.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A chronic respiratory disease manifested as difficulty breathing due to the narrowing of bronchial passageways.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Asthma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Asthma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asthma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asthma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"asthma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C50466":{"preferredName":"Atrial Fibrillation","code":"C50466","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia without discernible P waves and an irregular ventricular response due to multiple reentry circuits. The rhythm disturbance originates above the ventricles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"An arrhythmia in which minute areas of the atrial myocardium are in various uncoordinated stages of depolarization and repolarization; instead of intermittently contracting, the atria quiver continuously in a chaotic pattern, causing a totally irregular, often rapid ventricular rate.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"An irregular heart rhythm, usually associated with a rapid rate, that is caused by abnormal electrical activity within the atria.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of a supraventricular arrhythmia characterized by the replacement of consistent P waves by rapid oscillations or fibrillatory waves that vary in size, shape and timing and are accompanied by an irregular ventricular response. (CDISC)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFib","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrial Fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atrial Fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrial Fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Atrial fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}]}}{"C118385":{"preferredName":"Avascular Necrosis","code":"C118385","definitions":[{"description":"Tissue death resulting from an interruption to the blood supply.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Tissue death resulting from an interruption to the blood supply.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avascular Necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avascular Necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C2891":{"preferredName":"Barrett Esophagus","code":"C2891","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which the cells lining the lower part of the esophagus have changed or been replaced with abnormal cells that could lead to cancer of the esophagus. The backing up of stomach contents (reflux) may irritate the esophagus and, over time, cause Barrett's esophagus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Esophageal lesion lined with columnar metaplastic epithelium which is flat or villiform. Barrett epithelium is characterized by two different types of cells: goblet cells and columnar cells. The symptomatology of Barrett esophagus is that of gastro-esophageal reflux. It is the precursor of most esophageal adenocarcinomas. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Barrett Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Barrett Esophagus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Barrett Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Barrett's Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Barrett's esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CELLO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Columnar Epithelial-Lined Lower Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Columnar-Lined Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2921":{"preferredName":"Skin Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C2921","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that begins in the lower part of the epidermis (the outer layer of the skin). It may appear as a small white or flesh-colored bump that grows slowly and may bleed. Basal cell cancers are usually found on areas of the body exposed to the sun. Basal cell cancers rarely metastasize (spread) to other parts of the body. They are the most common form of skin cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The most frequently seen skin cancer. It arises from basal cells of the epidermis and pilosebaceous units. Clinically it is divided into the following types: nodular, ulcerative, superficial, multicentric, erythematous, and sclerosing or morphea-like. More than 95% of these carcinomas occur in patients over 40. They develop on hair-bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas. Approximately 85% are found on the head and neck and the remaining 15% on the trunk and extremities. Basal cell carcinoma usually grows in a slow and indolent fashion. However, if untreated, the tumor may invade the subcutaneous fat, skeletal muscle and bone. Distant metastases are rare. Excision, curettage and irradiation cure most basal cell carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Carcinoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Skin Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Skin Basal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Skin Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"basal cell cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"basal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C34416":{"preferredName":"Behcet Syndrome","code":"C34416","definitions":[{"description":"A systemic vasculitis affecting both arteries and veins which manifests primarily as recurrent oral and genital ulceration, uveitis, characteristic rash, and arthritis. It may also cause central nervous system disease, gastrointestinal inflammation or ulceration, or thrombophlebitis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. It is characterized by the development of ulcers in the mouth and genital region and uveitis. Other signs and symptoms include arthritis, deep vein thrombosis and superficial thrombophlebitis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Behcet Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Behcet Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Behcet Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Behcet's Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Behcet's Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Behçet Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Behçet Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Behçet's Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Behçet-Adamantiades Syndrome","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Morbus Behçet's Syndrome","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Silk Road Disease","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C27083":{"preferredName":"Blood Clot","code":"C27083","definitions":[{"description":"A mass of blood that forms when blood platelets, proteins, and cells stick together. When a blood clot is attached to the wall of a blood vessel, it is called a thrombus. When it moves through the bloodstream and blocks the flow of blood in another part of the body, it is called an embolus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggregation of blood factors, primarily platelets and fibrin with entrapment of cellular elements, frequently causing vascular obstruction at the point of its formation.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"An aggregation of platelets and fibrin within the cardiovascular system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An intravascular aggregation of blood components, primarily platelets and fibrin with entrapment of cellular elements, which is attached to the vessel wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An aggregation of blood factors, primarily platelets and fibrin with entrapment of cellular elements, frequently causing vascular obstruction at the point of its formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood Clot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blood Clot","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"THROMBUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thrombi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thrombosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thrombus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Thrombus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Thrombus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"blood clot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"thrombus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3046":{"preferredName":"Fracture","code":"C3046","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of traumatic injury to the bone in which the continuity of the bone is broken.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A traumatic injury to the bone in which the continuity of the bone is broken.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Localized disruption of bone or tooth structure resulting in partial or complete discontinuity. (INHAND)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A traumatic injury to the bone in which the continuity of the bone is broken.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone Fracture","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FRACTURE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Fracture of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Fracture(s)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}]}}{"C2911":{"preferredName":"Bronchitis","code":"C2911","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Inflammation (swelling and reddening) of the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Inflammation of the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bronchial infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Bronchitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bronchitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"bronchitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C333":{"preferredName":"Calcium Channel Blocker","code":"C333","definitions":[{"description":"A pharmaceutical agent that inhibits the movement of calcium across through calcium channels in the cell membrane, preventing or decreasing the amount of calcium able to enter the cell. These drugs are used for their chronotropic, antihypertensive and vasodilatory effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A pharmaceutical agent that inhibits the movement of calcium across through calcium channels in the cell membrane, preventing or decreasing the amount of calcium able to enter the cell. These drugs are used for their chronotropic, antihypertensive and vasodilatory effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Calcium Channel Blocker","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium Channel Blocker","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C9305":{"preferredName":"Malignant Neoplasm","code":"C9305","definitions":[{"description":"A general term for autonomous tissue growth exhibiting morphologic features of malignancy (e.g. severe atypia, nuclear pleomorphism, tumor cell necrosis, abnormal mitoses, tissue invasiveness) and for which the transformed cell type has not been specifically identified.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues. Malignant cells can also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems. There are several main types of malignancy. Carcinoma is a malignancy that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. Sarcoma is a malignancy that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue. Leukemia is a malignancy that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood. Lymphoma and multiple myeloma are malignancies that begin in the cells of the immune system. Central nervous system cancers are malignancies that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells with potential for metastatic spread.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A tumor composed of atypical neoplastic, often pleomorphic cells that invade other tissues. Malignant neoplasms often metastasize to distant anatomic sites and may recur after excision. The most common malignant neoplasms are carcinomas (adenocarcinomas or squamous cell carcinomas), Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, leukemias, melanomas, and sarcomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Malignant Growth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplastic Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C26713":{"preferredName":"Cataract","code":"C26713","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which the lens of the eye becomes cloudy. Symptoms include blurred, cloudy, or double vision; sensitivity to light; and difficulty seeing at night. Without treatment, cataracts can cause blindness. There are many different types and causes of cataracts. They may occur in people of all ages, but are most common in the elderly.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by partial or complete opacity of the crystalline lens of one or both eyes. This results in a decrease in visual acuity and eventual blindness if untreated.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Opacity of the crystalline lens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Opacity of the crystalline lens. (Makris S, Solomon HM, Clark R, Shiota K, Barbellion S, Buschmann J, Ema M, Fujiwara M, Grote K, Hazelden KP, Hew KW, Horimoto M, Ooshima Y, Parkinson M, Wise LD. Terminology of developmental abnormalities in common laboratory mammals (Version 2). Part B. Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol. 2009 Aug;86(4):227-327.)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Partial or complete opacity of the crystalline lens of one or both eyes that decreases visual acuity and eventually results in blindness. Some cataracts appear in infancy or in childhood, but most develop in older individuals. (Sternberg Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, 3rd ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cataract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cataract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Cataract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cataract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cataract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"OPACITY OF THE LENS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"cataract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2938":{"preferredName":"Cerebrovascular Disorder","code":"C2938","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder resulting from inadequate blood flow in the vessels that supply the brain. Representative examples include cerebrovascular ischemia, cerebral embolism, and cerebral infarction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9438":{"preferredName":"Chronic Renal Failure","code":"C9438","definitions":[{"description":"Impairment of the renal function due to chronic kidney damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Impairment of the renal function due to chronic kidney damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRF - Chronic Renal Failure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Renal Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Renal Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Renal Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C2954":{"preferredName":"Colon Polyp","code":"C2954","definitions":[{"description":"Abnormal growths of tissue in the lining of the bowel. Polyps are a risk factor for colon cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A polypoid lesion that arises from the colon and protrudes into the lumen. This group includes adenomatous polyps, serrated polyps, and hamartomatous polyps.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colon Polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colonic Polyp","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyp of Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyp of the Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"colon polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C26725":{"preferredName":"Common Variable Immunodeficiency","code":"C26725","definitions":[{"description":"Abnormally low level of functional immunoglobulins in the blood that is not associated with a primary immunodeficiency.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A primary immunodeficiency characterized by low levels or absence of all the immunoglobulin classes and lack of B-lymphocytes or plasma cells. It results in recurrent bacterial infections. Complications include autoimmune phenomena and cancer development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acquired Agammaglobulinemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acquired Hypogammaglobulinemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Common Variable Immunodeficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secondary Hypogammaglobulinemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Secondary Hypogammaglobulinemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3080":{"preferredName":"Congestive Heart Failure","code":"C3080","definitions":[{"description":"Weakness of the heart muscle that leads to a buildup of fluid in body tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Failure of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to meet the needs of the body tissues, resulting in tissue congestion and edema. Signs and symptoms include shortness of breath, pitting edema, enlarged tender liver, engorged neck veins, and pulmonary rales.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac Failure Congestive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congestive Heart Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Congestive Heart Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congestive Heart Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Failure, Congestive Heart","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Heart Failure, Congestive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"congestive heart failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C26729":{"preferredName":"Connective Tissue Disorder","code":"C26729","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormalities in one or more of the elements of the connective tissues, typically associated with genetic defects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the connective tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Connective Tissue Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue Diseases","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue Disorders","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Disease, Connective Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Disorder of Connective Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Primary Disorder of Connective Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Tissue Disease, Connective","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"}]}}{"C3199":{"preferredName":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","code":"C3199","definitions":[{"description":"A type of lung disease marked by permanent damage to tissues in the lungs, making it hard to breathe. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease includes chronic bronchitis, in which the bronchi (large air passages) are inflamed and scarred, and emphysema, in which the alveoli (tiny air sacs) are damaged. It develops over many years and is usually caused by cigarette smoking.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic and progressive lung disorder characterized by the loss of elasticity of the bronchial tree and the air sacs, destruction of the air sacs wall, thickening of the bronchial wall, and mucous accumulation in the bronchial tree. The pathologic changes result in the disruption of the air flow in the bronchial airways. Signs and symptoms include shortness of breath, wheezing, productive cough, and chest tightness. The two main types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are chronic obstructive bronchitis and emphysema.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COLD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COPD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"COPD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COPD, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Chronic Obstructive Airways Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, (COPD)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Disease (COPD), Chronic Obstructive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Chronic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Chronic Obstructive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C26732":{"preferredName":"Coronary Artery Disease","code":"C26732","definitions":[{"description":"Narrowing of the coronary arteries due to fatty deposits inside the arterial walls. The diagnostic criteria may include documented history of any of the following: documented coronary artery stenosis greater than or equal to 50% (by cardiac catheterization or other modality of direct imaging of the coronary arteries); previous coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG); previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); previous myocardial infarction. (ACC)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CAD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coronary Artery Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coronary Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"coronary artery disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"coronary heart disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C62586":{"preferredName":"Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia","code":"C62586","definitions":[{"description":"A form of organizing pneumonia with a non-infectious etiology. Excessive proliferation of granulation tissue occurs in alveolar ducts and alveoli and primarily causes injury to alveolar walls, but bronchioles may be affected.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BOOP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49343":{"preferredName":"Deep Vein Thrombosis","code":"C49343","definitions":[{"description":"Formation of a blood clot within a deep vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The formation of a blood clot in a deep vein of the leg or lower pelvis. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, warmth, and redness in the affected area.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A blood clot in a deep vein, predominantly in the lower extremity, but may include the pelvis or upper extremity.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DVT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DVT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deep Vein Thrombosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deep Vein Thrombosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Deep Venous Thrombosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"deep vein thrombosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2982":{"preferredName":"Depression","code":"C2982","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by melancholic feelings of grief or unhappiness.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A mental condition marked by ongoing feelings of sadness, despair, loss of energy, and difficulty dealing with normal daily life. Other symptoms of depression include feelings of worthlessness and hopelessness, loss of pleasure in activities, changes in eating or sleeping habits, and thoughts of death or suicide. Depression can affect anyone, and can be successfully treated. Depression affects 15-25% of cancer patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A melancholy feeling of sadness and despair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Depression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Depression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Depression","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depression","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Depression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"depression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2985":{"preferredName":"Diabetes Mellitus","code":"C2985","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which the body does not control the amount of glucose (a type of sugar) in the blood and the kidneys make a large amount of urine. This disease occurs when the body does not make enough insulin or does not use it the way it should.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A metabolic condition, characterized by hyperglycemia, caused by insufficient secretion of insulin by the pancreas and/or decreased insulin action in target tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A metabolic disorder characterized by abnormally high blood sugar levels due to diminished production of insulin or insulin resistance/desensitization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"diabetes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"diabetes mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C26748":{"preferredName":"Diabetic Neuropathy","code":"C26748","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic, pathological complication associated with diabetes mellitus, where nerve damages are incurred due to diabetic microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply these nerves, resulting in peripheral and/or autonomic nerve dysfunction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diabetic Neuropathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26752":{"preferredName":"Diverticulitis","code":"C26752","definitions":[{"description":"Inflammation of one or more pouches or sacs that bulge out from the wall of a hollow organ, such as the colon. Symptoms include muscle spasms and cramps in the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An infection that develops in the diverticula of the intestinal tract. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, fever, and leukocytosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diverticulitis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diverticulitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"diverticulitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C80385":{"preferredName":"Dyslipidemia","code":"C80385","definitions":[{"description":"A lipoprotein metabolism disorder characterized by decreased levels of high-density lipoproteins, or elevated levels of plasma cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins and/or triglycerides.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dyslipidemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3001":{"preferredName":"Eczema","code":"C3001","definitions":[{"description":"A form of dermatitis characterized by red, itchy, scaly, or crusty patches that can be chronic or intermittent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A group of conditions in which the skin becomes inflamed, forms blisters, and becomes crusty, thick, and scaly. Eczema causes burning and itching, and may occur over a long period of time. Atopic dermatitis is the most common type of eczema.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A form of dermatitis characterized by red, itchy, scaly, or crusty patches that can be chronic or intermittent.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atopic Dermatitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atopic Dermatitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Eczema","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eczema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eczema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Eczematous Dermatitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eczematous Dermatitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"eczema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3020":{"preferredName":"Seizure Disorder","code":"C3020","definitions":[{"description":"A group of disorders marked by problems in the normal functioning of the brain. These problems can produce seizures, unusual body movements, a loss of consciousness or changes in consciousness, as well as mental problems or problems with the senses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neurological disorder characterized by recurring seizures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A brain disorder characterized by episodes of abnormally increased neuronal discharge resulting in transient episodes of sensory or motor neurological dysfunction, or psychic dysfunction. These episodes may or may not be associated with loss of consciousness or convulsions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epilepsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epilepsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Seizure Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seizure Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"epilepsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C14204":{"preferredName":"Epstein-Barr Virus","code":"C14204","definitions":[{"description":"A common virus that remains dormant in most people. It has been associated with certain cancers, including Burkitt's lymphoma, immunoblastic lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any viral organism that can be assigned to the species Human Herpesvirus 4.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A species of Herpetoviridae that is responsible for infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever). Discovered in 1964, this virus has been associated with Burkitt's lymphoma in South African children and with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Asian populations.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EBV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"EBV","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epstein Barr Virus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr virus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HHV-4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HHV-4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Human Herpesvirus 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocryptovirus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Virus-Epstein-Barr","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26781":{"preferredName":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease","code":"C26781","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by reflux of the gastric and/or duodenal contents into the distal esophagus. It is chronic in nature and usually caused by incompetence of the lower esophageal sphincter, and may result in injury to the esophageal mucosal. Symptoms include heartburn and acid indigestion.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Reflux of stomach contents with symptoms and/or complications from the reflux act.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A chronic disorder characterized by reflux of the gastric and/or duodenal contents into the distal esophagus. It is usually caused by incompetence of the lower esophageal sphincter. Symptoms include heartburn and acid indigestion. It may cause injury to the esophageal mucosa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GERD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GERD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal reflux disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}]}}{"C26782":{"preferredName":"Glaucoma","code":"C26782","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which there is a build-up of fluid in the eye, which presses on the retina and the optic nerve. The retina is the layer of nerve tissue inside the eye that senses light and sends images along the optic nerve to the brain. Glaucoma can damage the optic nerve and cause loss of vision or blindness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in pressure in the eyeball due to obstruction of the aqueous humor outflow.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Optic nerve damage secondary to increased intraocular pressure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Increased pressure in the eyeball due to obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glaucoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glaucoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Glaucoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glaucoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glaucoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"glaucoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C26786":{"preferredName":"Gonadal Disorder","code":"C26786","definitions":[{"description":"A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the testis or the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Disorder of Gonads","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Gonadal Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gonadal Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Gonadal Disorders","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C34650":{"preferredName":"Gout","code":"C34650","definitions":[{"description":"A condition marked by increased levels of uric acid in the blood, joints, and tissue. The buildup of uric acid in the joints and tissues causes arthritis and inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A condition characterized by painful swelling of the joints, which is caused by deposition of urate crystals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gout","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gout","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C27191":{"preferredName":"Hashimoto Thyroiditis","code":"C27191","definitions":[{"description":"An autoimmune condition of the thyroid gland (a gland located beneath the larynx). It is caused by the formation of antibodies that attack the thyroid gland and it usually causes hypothyroidism (too little thyroid hormone). Symptoms include fatigue, weight gain, constipation, dry skin, depression, and the inability to exercise. It is more common in females and can run in families.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation and lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid gland, sometimes associated with reduced thyroid function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An autoimmune disorder caused by the production of autoantibodies against thyroid tissue. There is progressive destruction of the thyroid follicles leading to hypothyroidism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autoimmune Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hashimoto Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hashimoto Thyroiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hashimoto Thyroiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hashimoto Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hashimoto disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hashimoto thyroiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hashimoto's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hashimoto's Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hashimoto's Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Lymphocytic Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"autoimmune thyroiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C34661":{"preferredName":"Headache","code":"C34661","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in various parts of the head, not confined to the area of distribution of any nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Head pain or discomfort.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Pain in various parts of the head, not confined to the area of distribution of any nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Headache","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Headache","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Headache","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Headache","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Headache","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3079":{"preferredName":"Heart Disorder","code":"C3079","definitions":[{"description":"A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the heart and/or the pericardium. Representative examples include endocarditis, pericarditis, atrial myxoma, cardiac myeloid sarcoma, and pericardial malignant mesothelioma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heart Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heart Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Heart Disorder","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Heart Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heart Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Heart trouble","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C114666":{"preferredName":"Hemorrhagic Cystitis","code":"C114666","definitions":[{"description":"Inflammation of the bladder resulting in bloody urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Inflammation of the bladder resulting in bloody urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemorrhagic Cystitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemorrhagic Cystitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3095":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis","code":"C3095","definitions":[{"description":"Disease of the liver causing inflammation. Symptoms include an enlarged liver, fever, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and dark urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Inflammation of the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Inflammation of the liver; usually from a viral infection, but sometimes from toxic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"hepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3097":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis B Infection","code":"C3097","definitions":[{"description":"A viral infection caused by the hepatitis B virus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatitis B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Infection","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Viral Hepatitis B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3098":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis C Infection","code":"C3098","definitions":[{"description":"A viral infection caused by the hepatitis C virus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HCV Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C Infection","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C Virus Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NANBH","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hepatitis C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2851":{"preferredName":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","code":"C2851","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic, potentially life threatening condition that is caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and is characterized by increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections, certain cancers and neurologic disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). People with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are at an increased risk for developing certain cancers and for infections that usually occur only in individuals with a weak immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A syndrome resulting from the acquired deficiency of cellular immunity caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is characterized by the reduction of the Helper T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and the lymph nodes. Symptoms include generalized lymphadenopathy, fever, weight loss, and chronic diarrhea. Patients with AIDS are especially susceptible to opportunistic infections (usually pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections, tuberculosis, candida infections, and cryptococcosis), and the development of malignant neoplasms (usually non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma). The human immunodeficiency virus is transmitted through sexual contact, sharing of contaminated needles, or transfusion of contaminated blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AIDS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AIDS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AIDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"AIDS, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acquired Immune Deficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C27851":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus Infection","code":"C27851","definitions":[{"description":"An infectious process caused by a human papillomavirus. This infection can cause abnormal tissue growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papilloma Virus Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Infection","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C75545":{"preferredName":"Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","code":"C75545","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a form of thrombotic microangiopathy with renal failure, hemolytic anemia, and severe thrombocytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Acute kidney injury associated with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Acute kidney injury associated with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HUS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hemolytic uremic syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3112":{"preferredName":"Hypercalcemia","code":"C3112","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of calcium in blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Higher than normal levels of calcium in the blood. Some types of cancer increase the risk of hypercalcemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Abnormally high concentration of calcium in the peripheral blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypercalcemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Hypercalcemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hypercalcemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypercalcemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"hypercalcemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C37967":{"preferredName":"Hypercholesterolemia","code":"C37967","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate higher than normal levels of cholesterol in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Abnormally high level of cholesterol in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A laboratory test result indicating an increased amount of cholesterol in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cholesterol high","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"High Cholesterol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypercholesterolemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypercholesterolemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C26797":{"preferredName":"Hyperglycemia","code":"C26797","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of blood sugar. It is usually an indication of diabetes mellitus or glucose intolerance.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Higher than normal amount of glucose (a type of sugar) in the blood. Hyperglycemia can be a sign of diabetes or other conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Plasma glucose concentration above the reference range.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Abnormally high level of glucose in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood Glucose, High","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elevated Blood Glucose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Glucose, High Blood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"High Blood Glucose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hyperglycemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hyperglycemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Hyperglycemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hyperglycemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hyperglycemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"high blood sugar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hyperglycemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C34707":{"preferredName":"Hyperlipidemia","code":"C34707","definitions":[{"description":"Elevated levels of lipids in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyperlipidemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3117":{"preferredName":"Hypertension","code":"C3117","definitions":[{"description":"A blood pressure of 140/90 or higher. High blood pressure usually has no symptoms. It can harm the arteries and cause an increase in the risk of stroke, heart attack, kidney failure, and blindness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a pathological increase in blood pressure; a repeatedly elevation in the blood pressure exceeding 140 over 90 mm Hg.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Abnormally high blood pressure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Blood pressure that is abnormally high.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood Pressure, High","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Blood Pressure, Increased","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"HTN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Blood Pressure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"High Blood Pressure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Increased Blood Pressure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pressure, High Blood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vascular Hypertensive Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"high blood pressure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C26800":{"preferredName":"Hypothyroidism","code":"C26800","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Reduced secretion of thyroid hormone(s) by the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Too little thyroid hormone. Symptoms include weight gain, constipation, dry skin, and sensitivity to the cold.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Abnormally low levels of thyroid hormone.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypothyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Hypothyroidism","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hypothyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypothyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"hypothyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"underactive thyroid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3138":{"preferredName":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","code":"C3138","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to the inflammation of the colon and rectum. Inflammatory bowel disease includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Chronic inflammatory process affecting the gastrointestinal tract; primarily ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A spectrum of small and large bowel inflammatory diseases of unknown etiology. It includes Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and colitis of indeterminate type.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autoimmune Bowel Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"inflammatory bowel disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3353":{"preferredName":"Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","code":"C3353","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by progressive and life-threatening pulmonary distress in the absence of an underlying pulmonary condition, usually following major trauma or surgery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Progressive and life-threatening pulmonary distress in the absence of an underlying pulmonary condition, usually following major trauma or surgery. Cases of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome are not included in this definition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARDS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult RDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome, ARDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Adult respiratory distress syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}]}}{"C78393":{"preferredName":"Iron Overload","code":"C78393","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which the body takes up and stores more iron than it needs. The extra iron is stored in the liver, heart, and pancreas, which may cause liver disease, heart problems, organ failure, and cancer. It may also cause bronze skin, diabetes, pain in the joints and abdomen, tiredness, and impotence. Iron overload may be inherited, or it may be caused by blood transfusions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of iron in the tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Abnormally high level of iron in the tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Accumulation of iron in the tissues. It may be a manifestation of an inherited disorder (e.g., hemochromatosis) or acquired (in patients with repeated blood transfusions). Symptoms include hepatomegaly, arthritis, diabetes mellitus, and bronzed skin. If untreated it has a progressive course and may lead to death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Iron Overload","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iron Overload","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iron Overload","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Iron overload","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"iron overload","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C50625":{"preferredName":"Ischemic Heart Disease","code":"C50625","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries, to obstruction by a thrombus, or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (myocardial infarction).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Disease, Ischemic Heart","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Heart Disease, Ischemic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IHD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ischemic Heart Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ischemic Heart Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3446":{"preferredName":"Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","code":"C3446","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which platelets (blood cells that cause blood clots to form) are destroyed by the immune system. The low platelet count causes easy bruising and bleeding, which may be seen as purple areas in the skin, mucous membranes, and outer linings of organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Disorder characterized by abnormally low level of circulating platelets, usually with normal hemoglobin/red blood cell and white blood cell levels, and thought to be secondary to autoimmune destruction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An autoimmune disorder in which the number of circulating platelets is reduced due to their antibody-mediated destruction. ITP is a diagnosis of exclusion and is heterogeneous in origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ITP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ITP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ITP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"immune thrombocytopenic purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C131579":{"preferredName":"Joint Replacement","code":"C131579","definitions":[{"description":"A surgical procedure to replace part, or all structures, of a joint with an orthopedic prosthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Joint Replacement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Joint Replacement Surgery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Replacement Arthroplasty","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2951":{"preferredName":"Cirrhosis","code":"C2951","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic degenerative disease of the liver characterized by parenchymal nodularity and fibrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of chronic, progressive liver disease in which liver cells are replaced by scar tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by replacement of the liver parenchyma with fibrous tissue and regenerative nodules. It is usually caused by alcoholism, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Complications include the development of ascites, esophageal varices, bleeding, and hepatic encephalopathy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cirrhosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cirrhosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Liver Cirrhosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver Cirrhosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"cirrhosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C27153":{"preferredName":"Lupus Erythematosus","code":"C27153","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic inflammatory connective tissue disease marked by skin rashes, joint pain and swelling, inflammation of the kidneys, inflammation of the fibrous tissue surrounding the heart (i.e., the pericardium), as well as other problems. Not all affected individuals display all of these problems.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An umbrella term referring to disease entities such as cutaneous, subacute cutaneous, discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An autoimmune, connective tissue chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the skin, joints, kidneys, lungs, heart, and the peripheral blood cells. It is more commonly seen in women than men. Variants include discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lupus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lupus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lupus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Lupus Erythematosus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lupus Erythematosus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"lupus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C60989":{"preferredName":"Myasthenia Gravis","code":"C60989","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which antibodies made by a person's immune system prevent certain nerve-muscle interactions. It causes weakness in the arms and legs, vision problems, and drooping eyelids or head. It may also cause paralysis and problems with swallowing, talking, climbing stairs, lifting things, and getting up from a sitting position. The muscle weakness gets worse during activity, and improves after periods of rest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by skeletal muscle weakness. It is caused by the blockage of the acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myasthenia Gravis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myasthenia Gravis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"myasthenia gravis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C27996":{"preferredName":"Myocardial Infarction","code":"C27996","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by gross necrosis of the myocardium; this is due to an interruption of blood supply to the area.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Gross necrosis of the myocardium, as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area, as in coronary thrombosis.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Necrosis of the myocardium, as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Gross necrosis of the myocardium, as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area, as in coronary thrombosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heart Attack","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infarction (MI), Myocardial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MI, Myocardial Infarction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Myocardial Infarct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myocardial Infarction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Myocardial Infarction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myocardial Infarction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Myocardial Infarction, (MI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Myocardial infarction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}]}}{"C3283":{"preferredName":"Obesity","code":"C3283","definitions":[{"description":"A condition marked by an abnormally high, unhealthy amount of body fat.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by having a high amount of body fat.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Having a high amount of body fat (body mass index [BMI] of 30 or more).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Obesity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Obesity","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Obesity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"obesity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15289":{"preferredName":"Organ Transplantation","code":"C15289","definitions":[{"description":"The transfer of an organ, organ part, or tissue from one body to another, for the purpose of replacing the recipient's damaged or failing organ with a working one from the donor. Donors can be living, or cadaveric (dead).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anatomical Gift","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clinical, Transplantation, Organ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ Donation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ Donation Procedure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ Transplantation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Organ Transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ Transplants","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"organ grafting","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3293":{"preferredName":"Osteoarthritis","code":"C3293","definitions":[{"description":"A disease process characterized by degeneration of the articular cartilage, hypertrophy of bone at the margins and changes in the synovial membrane. (INHAND)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A noninflammatory degenerative joint disease occurring chiefly in older persons, characterised by degeneration of the articular cartilage, hypertrophy of bone at the margins and changes in the synovial membrane. It is accompanied by pain and stiffness, particularly after prolonged activity.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Osteoarthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3298":{"preferredName":"Osteoporosis","code":"C3298","definitions":[{"description":"A condition that is marked by a decrease in bone mass and density, causing bones to become fragile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by reduced bone mass, with a decrease in cortical thickness and in the number and size of the trabeculae of cancellous bone (but normal chemical composition), resulting in increased fracture incidence.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Reduced bone mineral density due to decreased number and thickness of bone trabeculae and decreased cortical thickness, associated with increased risk of skeletal fractures. A clinical diagnosis of osteoporosis in childhood requires either a finding of one or more otherwise unexplained vertebral compression fractures, or the presence of bone mineral density Z-score less than or equal to 2.0 accompanied by one or more of the following: 1) at least two long bone fractures by age 10 years; 2) at least three long bone fractures up to age 19 years.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A condition of reduced bone mass, with decreased cortical thickness and a decrease in the number and size of the trabeculae of cancellous bone (but normal chemical composition), resulting in increased fracture incidence. Osteoporosis is classified as primary (Type 1, postmenopausal osteoporosis; Type 2, age-associated osteoporosis; and idiopathic, which can affect juveniles, premenopausal women, and middle-aged men) and secondary osteoporosis (which results from an identifiable cause of bone mass loss).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Osteoporosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Osteoporosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Osteoporosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteoporosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"osteoporosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3303":{"preferredName":"Pain","code":"C3303","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the sensation of marked discomfort, distress or agony.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"An unpleasant sensation associated with real or perceived physical or mental trauma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony, resulting from the stimulation of specialized nerve endings.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3306":{"preferredName":"Pancreatitis","code":"C3306","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Inflammation of the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Inflammation of the pancreas. Chronic pancreatitis may cause diabetes and problems with digestion. Pain is the primary symptom.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Inflammation of the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Pancreatitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"pancreatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3318":{"preferredName":"Peptic Ulcer","code":"C3318","definitions":[{"description":"A break in the lining of the lower part of the esophagus, the stomach, or the upper part of the small intestine. Peptic ulcers form when cells on the surface of the lining become inflamed and die. They are usually caused by Helicobacter pylori bacteria and by certain medicines, such as aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Peptic ulcers may be linked to cancer and other diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mucosal injury that occurs in the stomach or duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A mucosal erosion that occurs in the esophagus, stomach or duodenum. Symptoms can include abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and bleeding.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peptic Ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peptic Ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Peptic Ulcer Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"peptic ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C119734":{"preferredName":"Peripheral Neuropathy","code":"C119734","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder affecting one or more peripheral nerves. It is manifested with pain, tingling, numbness, and/ or muscle weakness. Causes may include physical injury, toxic substances, viral infection and systemic illness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A nerve problem that causes pain, numbness, tingling, swelling, or muscle weakness in different parts of the body. It usually begins in the hands or feet and gets worse over time. Neuropathy may be caused by physical injury, infection, toxic substances, disease (such as cancer, diabetes, kidney failure, or malnutrition), or drugs, including anticancer drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system. It manifests with pain, tingling, numbness, and muscle weakness. It may be the result of physical injury, toxic substances, viral diseases, diabetes, renal failure, cancer, and drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peripheral Nerve Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neuropathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neuropathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neuropathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C35136":{"preferredName":"Peripheral Vascular Disorder","code":"C35136","definitions":[{"description":"Any disorder affecting blood flow through the veins or arteries outside of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Disease, Peripheral Vascular","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Peripheral Vascular Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Peripheral Vascular Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Vascular Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vascular Disease, Peripheral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"}]}}{"C124295":{"preferredName":"Pregnant","code":"C124295","definitions":[{"description":"Observed to be or have been pregnant or positive for a pregnancy test.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Observed to be or have been pregnant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PREGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pregnant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3346":{"preferredName":"Psoriasis","code":"C3346","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic disease of the skin marked by red patches covered with white scales.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autoimmune condition characterized by red, well-delineated plaques with silvery scales that are usually on the extensor surfaces and scalp. They can occasionally present with these manifestations: pustules; erythema and scaling in intertriginous areas, and erythroderma, that are often distributed on extensor surfaces and scalp.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An autoimmune condition characterized by red, well-delineated plaques with silvery scales that are usually on the extensor surfaces and scalp. They can occasionally present with these manifestations: pustules; erythema and scaling in intertriginous areas, and erythroderma, that are often distributed on extensor surfaces and scalp.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Psoriasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Psoriasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"psoriasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C26869":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Fibrosis","code":"C26869","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the replacement of the lung tissue by connective tissue, leading to progressive dyspnea, respiratory failure or right heart failure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A interstitial lung disease characterized by the replacement of lung tissue with connective tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Chronic progressive interstitial lung disorder characterized by the replacement of the lung tissue by connective tissue, leading to progressive dyspnea, respiratory failure, or right heart failure. Causes include chronic inflammatory processes, exposure to environmental irritants, radiation therapy, autoimmune disorders, certain drugs, or it may be idiopathic (no identifiable cause).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Interstitial Fibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pulmonary fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}]}}{"C78578":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Hemorrhage","code":"C78578","definitions":[{"description":"Bleeding from the lung parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C15248":{"preferredName":"Hemodialysis","code":"C15248","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic procedure used in patients with kidney failure. It involves the extracorporeal removal of harmful wastes and fluids from the blood using a dialysis machine. Following the dialysis, the blood is returned to the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Artificial Kidney Dialysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extracorporeal Dialysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemodialysis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney Dialysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Dialysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4376":{"preferredName":"Renal Failure","code":"C4376","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which the kidneys stop working and are not able to remove waste and extra water from the blood or keep body chemicals in balance. Acute or severe renal failure happens suddenly (for example, after an injury) and may be treated and cured. Chronic renal failure develops over many years, may be caused by conditions like high blood pressure or diabetes, and cannot be cured. Chronic renal failure may lead to total and long-lasting renal failure, called end-stage renal disease (ESRD). A person in ESRD needs dialysis (the process of cleaning the blood by passing it through a membrane or filter) or a kidney transplant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An acute or chronic condition that is characterized by the inability of the kidneys to adequately filter the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute or chronic condition that is characterized by the inability of the kidneys to adequately filter the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Failure, Renal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Kidney Failure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Renal Failure","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Renal Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Renal Failure Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Renal Insufficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"kidney failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"renal failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2884":{"preferredName":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","code":"C2884","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic, inflammatory condition manifesting primarily as a symmetric, erosive, polyarthritis that spares the axial skeleton and is typically associated with rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An autoimmune disease that causes pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints, and may cause severe joint damage, loss of function, and disability. The disease may last from months to a lifetime, and symptoms may improve and worsen over time.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic, systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation in the synovial membranes and articular surfaces. It manifests primarily as a symmetric, erosive polyarthritis that spares the axial skeleton and is typically associated with the presence in the serum of rheumatoid factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arthritis, Rheumatoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"rheumatoid arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C27204":{"preferredName":"Rheumatologic Disorder","code":"C27204","definitions":[{"description":"A group of disorders marked by inflammation or pain in the connective tissue structures of the body. These structures include bone, cartilage, and fat.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A term previously used to describe chronic diseases of the connective tissue (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and systemic sclerosis), but now is thought to be more appropriate for diseases associated with defects in collagen, which is a component of the connective tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An umbrella term used to encompass disorders characterized by autoimmunity, autoinflammatory processes, joint or connective tissue inflammation or degeneration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Inflammatory and degenerative diseases of connective tissue structures, such as arthritis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Collagen Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Collagen Vascular Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue Disease","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Rheumatism","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Musculoskeletal Pain Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rheumatic Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Rheumatism","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rheumatologic Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rheumatologic Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"collagen disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rheumatism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C34995":{"preferredName":"Sarcoidosis","code":"C34995","definitions":[{"description":"An inflammatory disease marked by the formation of granulomas (small nodules of immune cells) in the lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs. Sarcoidosis may be acute and go away by itself, or it may be chronic and progressive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inflammatory disorder characterized by the formation of non-necrotizing granulomas often associated with multi-nucleated giant cells within affected organs. Virtually all organs may be affected; however, it often affects the lungs, lymph nodes, liver, synovium, skin, heart, and uveal tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An idiopathic inflammatory disorder characterized by the formation of non-necrotizing epithelioid granulomas which contain giant cells. It usually affects the lungs, lymph nodes, liver, and skin. Cardiac involvement is also possible.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sarcoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Sarcoidosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoidosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"sarcoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sarcoidosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2962":{"preferredName":"Seizure","code":"C2962","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden, involuntary skeletal muscular contractions of cerebral or brain stem origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A paroxysmal surge of electrical activity in the brain that may result in physical or behavioral changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Convulsion; a sudden, involuntary movement of the muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Sudden, involuntary skeletal muscular contractions of cerebral or brain stem origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Convulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Convulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Convulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Seizure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Seizure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seizure","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seizure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seizure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Seizures","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"seizure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C26884":{"preferredName":"Sleep Apnea","code":"C26884","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by cessation of breathing for short periods during sleep.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A sleep disorder that is marked by pauses in breathing of 10 seconds or more during sleep, and causes unrestful sleep. Symptoms include loud or abnormal snoring, daytime sleepiness, irritability, and depression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The cessation of breathing for periods of time during sleep.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cessation of breathing for short periods during sleep. It is classified as obstructive, central, or mixed obstructive-central. It can occur at any age but it is more frequent in people over forty. Risk factors include male sex and obesity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sleep Apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sleep Apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Sleep apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"sleep apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C17934":{"preferredName":"Tobacco Smoking","code":"C17934","definitions":[{"description":"The act of puffing and/or inhaling smoke from a lit cigarette, cigar, or pipe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Smoking","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tobacco Smoking","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tobacco Smoking","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3390":{"preferredName":"Cerebrovascular Accident","code":"C3390","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden loss of sensory function due to an intracranial vascular event.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"An acute episode of focal or global neurological dysfunction caused by presumed brain, spinal cord, or retinal vascular injury as a result of hemorrhage or infarction but with insufficient information to allow categorization as ischemic or hemorrhagic.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Brain tissue necrosis due to a disturbance in the blood flow or hemorrhage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"In medicine, a loss of blood flow to part of the brain, which damages brain tissue. Strokes are caused by blood clots and broken blood vessels in the brain. Symptoms include dizziness, numbness, weakness on one side of the body, and problems with talking, writing, or understanding language. The risk of stroke is increased by high blood pressure, older age, smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol, heart disease, atherosclerosis (a build-up of fatty material and plaque inside the coronary arteries), and a family history of stroke.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sudden loss of neurological function secondary to hemorrhage or ischemia in the brain parenchyma due to a vascular event.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CVA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVA, Cerebrovascular Accident","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cerebral Infarction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Accident","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Accident","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Accident","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Accident, (CVA)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Stroke","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Stroke","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Stroke","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stroke","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Stroke Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Stroke Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syndrome, Stroke","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"UNDETERMINED STROKE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"stroke","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C50781":{"preferredName":"Transient Ischemic Attack","code":"C50781","definitions":[{"description":"A brief attack (from a few minutes to an hour) of cerebral dysfunction of vascular origin, with no persistent neurological deficit.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a brief attack (less than 24 hours) of cerebral dysfunction of vascular origin, with no persistent neurological deficit.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A transient episode of cerebral dysfunction of vascular origin with no persistent neurological deficit.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A brief attack (from a few minutes to an hour) of cerebral dysfunction of vascular origin, with no persistent neurological deficit.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Attack, Transient Ischemic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ischemic Attack, Transient","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TIA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transient Ischemic Attack","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Transient Ischemic Attack","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transient Ischemic Attacks","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Transient ischemic attacks","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}]}}{"C3423":{"preferredName":"Tuberculosis","code":"C3423","definitions":[{"description":"A disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection that is characterized by the growth of nodules in body tissues, most commonly the lungs, and may be transmitted through droplets from the throat or lungs of individuals with the active respiratory disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A chronic, recurrent infection caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) may affect almost any tissue or organ of the body with the lungs being the most common site of infection. The clinical stages of TB are primary or initial infection, latent or dormant infection, and recrudescent or adult-type TB. Ninety to 95% of primary TB infections may go unrecognized. Histopathologically, tissue lesions consist of granulomas which usually undergo central caseation necrosis. Local symptoms of TB vary according to the part affected; acute symptoms include hectic fever, sweats, and emaciation; serious complications include granulomatous erosion of pulmonary bronchi associated with hemoptysis. If untreated, progressive TB may be associated with a high degree of mortality. This infection is frequently observed in immunocompromised individuals with AIDS or a history of illicit IV drug use.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Active Tuberculosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"TB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Tuberculosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tuberculosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tuberculosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Tuberculosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Tuberculosis Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"tuberculosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2952":{"preferredName":"Ulcerative Colitis","code":"C2952","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic inflammatory disease affecting the mucosal surface of the colon and rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Chronic inflammation of the colon that produces ulcers in its lining. This condition is marked by abdominal pain, cramps, and loose discharges of pus, blood, and mucus from the bowel.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inflammatory bowel disease involving the mucosal surface of the large intestine and rectum. It may present with an acute or slow onset and follows an intermittent or continuous course. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, weight loss, and intestinal hemorrhage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colitis Ulcerative","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Ulcerative Colitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ulcerative Colitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ulcerative Colitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"ulcerative colitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2852":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma","code":"C2852","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from glandular cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that begins in cells that line certain internal organs and that have gland-like (secretory) properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A common cancer characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells. Morphologically, adenocarcinomas are classified according to the growth pattern (e.g., papillary, alveolar) or according to the secreting product (e.g., mucinous, serous). Representative examples of adenocarcinoma are ductal and lobular breast carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoma), colon adenocarcinoma, and prostate adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOCARCINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3339":{"preferredName":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis","code":"C3339","definitions":[{"description":"An inherited condition in which numerous polyps (growths that protrude from mucous membranes) form on the inside walls of the colon and rectum. It increases the risk for colon cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant disorder, characterized by the presence of multiple adenomas in the colon and rectum. It is caused by a germline mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene which is located on the long arm of chromosome 5. The adenomas are most often tubular, and they have the tendency to progress to adenocarcinoma. They can occur throughout the colon, but they tend to concentrate in the rectum and sigmoid colon. The colorectal adenomas are detected during endoscopic examination between the age of 10 and 20 years. The adenomas increase in size and numbers with age, and there is usually progression of one or more adenomas to adenocarcinoma. The mean age of development of adenocarcinoma is about 40 years. Signs include rectal bleeding and mucousy diarrhea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APC - Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"FAP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyposis Coli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"familial adenomatous polyposis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"familial polyposis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C34415":{"preferredName":"Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome","code":"C34415","definitions":[{"description":"A complex syndrome resulting from various genetic and epigenetic anomalies of the 11p15.5 chromosomal region, leading to dysregulated expression of imprinted genes. Specific genes involved include CDKN1C, H19, IGF2, and KCNQ1OT1. One of the key genetic anomalies is an imbalance between the paternally expressed IGF2 growth enhancer gene and the maternally expressed H19 growth suppressor gene, leading to fetal and postnatal overgrowth. The condition is typically characterized by macrosomia, macroglossia, umbilical hernia or more severe abdominal wall anomalies such as omphalocele, ear lobe indentations, and hypoglycemia associated with hyperinsulinemia due to pancreatic islet cell hyperplasia. Patients with this syndrome have an increased risk for development of embryonal tumors (particularly Wilms tumor and hepatoblastoma) and adrenal cortex carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare, overgrowth disorder in which babies are large at birth and may develop low blood sugar. Other common symptoms are a large tongue, large internal organs, and defects of the abdominal wall near the navel. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome increases the risk of developing certain cancers, especially Wilms tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A genetic syndrome caused by abnormalities in chromosome 11. It is characterized by large birth weight, macroglossia, umbilical hernia, ear abnormalities, and hypoglycemia. Patients with this syndrome have an increased risk of developing embryonal tumors (gonadoblastoma, hepatoblastoma, Wilms tumor, Rhabdomyosarcoma) and adrenal cortex carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C26714":{"preferredName":"Celiac Disease","code":"C26714","definitions":[{"description":"A digestive disease that is caused by an immune response to a protein called gluten, which is found in wheat, rye, barley, and oats. Celiac disease damages the lining of the small intestine and interferes with the absorption of nutrients from food. A person with celiac disease may become malnourished no matter how much food is consumed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autoimmune genetic disorder with an unknown pattern of inheritance that primarily affects the digestive tract. It is caused by intolerance to dietary gluten. Consumption of gluten protein triggers an immune response which damages small intestinal villi and prevents adequate absorption of nutrients. Clinical signs include abdominal cramping, diarrhea or constipation and weight loss. If untreated, the clinical course may progress to malnutrition, anemia, osteoporosis and an increased risk of intestinal malignancies. However, the prognosis is favorable with successful avoidance of gluten in the diet.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Celiac Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Celiac Sprue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gluten-Induced Enteropathy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non Tropical Sprue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"celiac disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2965":{"preferredName":"Crohn Disease","code":"C2965","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic, transmural inflammation that can affect any location along the gastrointestinal tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A condition in which the gastrointestinal tract is inflamed over a long period of time. Crohn disease usually affects the small intestine and colon. Symptoms include fever, diarrhea, stomach cramps, vomiting, and weight loss. Crohn disease increases the risk of colorectal cancer and small intestine cancer. It is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A condition in which the gastrointestinal tract is inflamed over a long period of time. Regional enteritis usually affects the small intestine and colon. Symptoms include fever, diarrhea, stomach cramps, vomiting, and weight loss. Regional enteritis increases the risk of colorectal cancer and small intestine cancer. It is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic inflammation involving all layers of the intestinal wall, noncaseating granulomas affecting the intestinal wall and regional lymph nodes, and transmural fibrosis. Crohn disease most commonly involves the terminal ileum; the colon is the second most common site of involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Crohn Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Crohn Disease","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Crohn Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Crohn disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Crohn's Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Crohn's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Regional Enteritis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"regional enteritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C26747":{"preferredName":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","code":"C26747","definitions":[{"description":"Diabetes mellitus caused by decreased insulin action in target tissues and insufficient production of insulin by pancreatic beta cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by insulin resistance or desensitization and increased blood glucose levels. This is a chronic disease that can develop gradually over the life of a patient and can be linked to both environmental factors and heredity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Onset Diabetes","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Adult Onset Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Adult-Onset Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diabetes, Type 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIDDM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"T2DM - Type 2 Diabetes mellitus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type 2 Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type 2 Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Non-Insulin Dependent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type II Diabetes","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Type II Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type II Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C62505":{"preferredName":"Fanconi Anemia","code":"C62505","definitions":[{"description":"A chromosomal instability syndrome that is the most common form of inherited aplastic anemia. It is inherited as an autosomal recessive or X-linked disorder. In addition to bone marrow failure, it is associated with skeletal abnormalities and increased incidence of the development of malignancy. Multiple genes are responsible for Fanconi anemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare inherited disorder in which the bone marrow does not make blood cells. It is usually diagnosed in children between 2 and 15 years old. Symptoms include frequent infections, easy bleeding, and extreme tiredness. People with Fanconi anemia may have a small skeleton and brown spots on the skin. They also have an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by bone marrow failure, skeletal abnormalities, and an increase incidence of development of neoplasias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fanconi Anemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fanconi Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fanconi Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Fanconi's Anemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fanconi's anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Pancytopenia, Congenital","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panmyelopathy, Fanconi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Erythroid Hypoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C61272":{"preferredName":"Glycogen Storage Disease","code":"C61272","definitions":[{"description":"An inherited metabolic disorder characterized either by defects in glycogen synthesis or defects in the breaking down of glycogen. It results either in the creation of abnormal forms of glycogen or accumulation of glycogen in the tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glycogen Storage Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glycogen Storage Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C2892":{"preferredName":"Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome","code":"C2892","definitions":[{"description":"A genetic condition that causes unusual facial features and disorders of the skin, bones, nervous system, eyes, and endocrine glands. People with this syndrome have a higher risk of basal cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant genetic syndrome caused by abnormalities in the PTCH gene. It is characterized by multiple basal cell carcinomas at a young age, odontogenic keratocysts, and skeletal defects (bifurcated and splayed ribs, fusion of vertebrae, spinal bifida). Patients with this syndrome may also develop medulloblastomas and ovarian fibromas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gorlin Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gorlin syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Basal Cell Carcinomas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nevoid Basal Cell Cancer Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"basal cell nevus syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C39293":{"preferredName":"Helicobacter Pylori Infection","code":"C39293","definitions":[{"description":"A bacterial infection of the stomach, caused by Helicobacter pylori. It is associated with the development of peptic ulcer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H. pylori Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Helicobacter Pylori Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Helicobacter Pylori Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C120083":{"preferredName":"Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer","code":"C120083","definitions":[{"description":"An inherited disorder in which affected individuals have a higher-than-normal chance of developing colorectal cancer and certain other types of cancer, often before the age of 50.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inherited syndrome characterized by the development of several cancers, particularly colon and rectal cancers. It includes Lynch syndrome which is associated with germline mutations in DNA mismatch-repair genes and familial colorectal cancer type X which is characterized by the absence of germline mutations in DNA mismatch-repair genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HNPCC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HNPCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C38342":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm","code":"C38342","definitions":[{"description":"A usually slow-growing epithelial neoplasm with ductal differentiation that arises from the exocrine pancreas and grows mostly within the pancreatic ducts. Grossly, it is characterized by the presence of intraductal masses. Morphologically, there is proliferation of mucin-producing cells within the pancreatic ducts, intraductal accumulation of mucin, and a papillary growth pattern. It may be associated with the presence of an invasive carcinoma. It usually occurs in older patients. Signs and symptoms include epigastric pain, weight loss, jaundice, chronic pancreatitis, and diabetes mellitus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IPMN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic IPMN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3476":{"preferredName":"Li-Fraumeni Syndrome","code":"C3476","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, inherited predisposition to multiple cancers, caused by an alteration in the p53 tumor suppressor gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant hereditary neoplastic syndrome caused by an alteration in the p53 tumor suppressor gene. It is characterized by the development of malignant neoplasms at various anatomic sites. The malignant neoplasms associated with Li-Fraumeni syndrome include adrenal cortex carcinoma, astrocytic tumors, colorectal carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, malignant breast neoplasms, medulloblastoma, osteosarcoma, and soft tissue sarcomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Li-Fraumeni Familial Cancer Susceptibility Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Li-Fraumeni Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Li-Fraumeni Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Li-Fraumeni syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C8494":{"preferredName":"Lynch Syndrome","code":"C8494","definitions":[{"description":"An autosomal dominant hereditary neoplastic syndrome characterized by the development of colorectal carcinoma and a high risk of developing endometrial carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, renal pelvis carcinoma, and small intestinal carcinoma. Patients often develop colorectal carcinomas at an early age (mean, 45 years). In the majority of the cases the lesions arise from the proximal colon. At the molecular level, high-frequency microsatellite instability is present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Familial Non-Polyposis Colon Cancer (hMSH2, hMLH1, hPMS1, hPMS2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Colorectal Endometrial Cancer Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Defective Mismatch Repair Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colon Cancer (hMSH2, hMLH1, hPMS1, hPMS2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer (hMSH2, hMLH1, hPMS1, hPMS2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lynch Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lynch syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3809":{"preferredName":"Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","code":"C3809","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor that forms from cells that release hormones in response to a signal from the nervous system. Some examples of neuroendocrine tumors are carcinoid tumors, islet cell tumors, medullary thyroid carcinomas, pheochromocytomas, and neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin (Merkel cell cancer). These tumors may secrete higher-than-normal amounts of hormones, which can cause many different symptoms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm composed of cells of neuroendocrine origin. Representative examples include paraganglioma, carcinoid tumor, and neuroendocrine carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"neuroendocrine tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3324":{"preferredName":"Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome","code":"C3324","definitions":[{"description":"A genetic disorder in which polyps form in the intestine and dark spots appear on the mouth and fingers. Having Peutz-Jeghers syndrome increases the risk of developing gastrointestinal and many other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inherited condition characterized by generalized hamartomatous multiple polyposis of the intestinal tract. Transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome consistently involves the jejunum and is associated with melanin spots of the lips, buccal mucosa, and fingers. This syndrome is associated with abnormalities of chromosome 19. Also known as Jeghers-Peutz syndrome and Peutz's syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jeghers-Peutz Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PJS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PJS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peutz's Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peutz-Jeghers syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C75466":{"preferredName":"Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","code":"C75466","definitions":[{"description":"A rare genetic syndrome mapped to chromosome 16p13.3 and associated with mutations in the CREBBP gene. It is characterized by mental and growth retardation, distinctive facial features (prominent nose, low-set ears, microcephaly, and small mouth), and broad thumbs and great toes. Patients are at an increased risk of developing benign and malignant neoplasms, including nervous system neoplasms and malignant lymphoproliferative disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3938":{"preferredName":"Turcot Syndrome","code":"C3938","definitions":[{"description":"An autosomal dominant hereditary neoplastic syndrome caused by mutations in the PMS2, MLH1, MSH2, or APC genes. There are two types described, type 1, characterized by the presence of glioblastoma and often associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma, and type 2, characterized by the presence of medulloblastoma and familiar adenomatous polyposis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Turcot Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C98640":{"preferredName":"Tyrosinemia","code":"C98640","definitions":[{"description":"An autosomal recessive inherited metabolic disorder caused by mutations in the FAH, HPD, and TAT genes. It is characterized by deficiency of one of the enzymes that are involved in the metabolism of tyrosine. It results in elevated blood tyrosine levels and accumulation of tyrosine and its byproducts in the liver, kidney, nervous system and other organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tyrosinemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3096":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis A Infection","code":"C3096","definitions":[{"description":"Acute inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus. It is highly contagious and usually contracted through close contact with an infected individual or their feces, contaminated food or water.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatitis A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hepatitis A Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis A Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis A Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C50583":{"preferredName":"Herpes","code":"C50583","definitions":[{"description":"Any inflammatory skin disease caused by a herpesvirus and characterized by the formation of small vesicles in clusters.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Any inflammatory skin disease caused by a herpesvirus and characterized by the formation of small vesicles in clusters.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Herpes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Herpes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C122822":{"preferredName":"Cholelithiasis","code":"C122822","definitions":[{"description":"The presence of calculi in the gallbladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The presence of calculi in the gallbladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cholelithiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholelithiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Gallstones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C84668":{"preferredName":"Denys-Drash Syndrome","code":"C84668","definitions":[{"description":"A Wilms tumor 1 gene syndrome caused by various point mutation(s) affecting the zinc finger(s) of the Wilms tumor protein. This syndrome is characterized by congenital nephropathy (diffuse mesangial sclerosis), gonadal dysgenesis resulting in atypical genital and reproductive tract development in male infants, and high risk for development of Wilms tumor, an embryonal neoplasm defined by the presence of epithelial, mesenchymal, and blastema components.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare disorder that causes kidney failure before age 3, abnormal development of the sexual organs, and, in most cases, Wilms tumor (a type of kidney cancer). Children with Denys-Drash syndrome are also at high risk of some other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare congenital syndrome caused by mutations in the WT1 gene. It is characterized by the presence of congenital nephropathy (diffuse mesangial sclerosis), Wilms tumor, and intersex disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DDS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DDS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Denys Drash Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Denys-Drash Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Denys-Drash Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Denys-Drash syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Nephrotic Syndrome Type 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3044":{"preferredName":"Fibrosis","code":"C3044","definitions":[{"description":"Increase in collagen and low numbers of fibrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The formation of fibrous tissue; fibroid or fibrous degeneration.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"The growth of fibrous tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The formation of fibrous tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIBROSIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C88541":{"preferredName":"Hemihypertrophy","code":"C88541","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which one side of the body or a part of one side is larger than the other. Children with hemihypertrophy have an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer, including Wilms tumor (a childhood kidney cancer) and liver cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A finding indicating the presence of greater than normal asymmetry between the right and left sides of the body. The asymmetry may be manifested in the entire side or part of it.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemi-hypertrophy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hemihyperplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemihypertrophy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemihypertrophy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"hemihypertrophy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C82978":{"preferredName":"Chronic Hepatitis","code":"C82978","definitions":[{"description":"An active inflammatory process affecting the liver for more than six months. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune disorders, drugs, and metabolic disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Hepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96768":{"preferredName":"High Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule","code":"C96768","definitions":[{"description":"A hepatic dysplastic nodule characterized by the presence of high grade atypical cellular changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HGDN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Hepatic Dysplastic Nodule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96770":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule","code":"C96770","definitions":[{"description":"A hepatic dysplastic nodule characterized by the presence of low grade atypical cellular changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LGDN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Hepatic Dysplastic Nodule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C84445":{"preferredName":"Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","code":"C84445","definitions":[{"description":"Fatty replacement and damage to the hepatocytes not related to alcohol use. It may lead to cirrhosis and liver failure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NASH - Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4828":{"preferredName":"Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis","code":"C4828","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic, autoimmune inflammatory liver disorder characterized by narrowing and scarring of the lumen of the bile ducts. It is often seen in patients with ulcerative colitis. Signs and symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, and malabsorption. It may lead to cirrhosis and liver failure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Cholangitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C82983":{"preferredName":"Steatosis","code":"C82983","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic finding indicating intracytoplasmic fat accumulation in the liver parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Steatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3718":{"preferredName":"Wilms Tumor-Aniridia-Genitourinary Anomalies-Mental Retardation Syndrome","code":"C3718","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, genetic disorder that is present at birth and has two or more of the following symptoms: Wilms tumor (a type of kidney cancer); little or no iris (the colored part of the eye); defects in the sexual organs and urinary tract (the organs that make urine and pass it from the body); and below average mental ability. This syndrome occurs when part of chromosome 11 is missing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A syndrome characterized by a predisposition for Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies, and developmental delay. This is a contiguous gene syndrome due to deletion in the vicinity of chromosome 11p13 in a region containing the WT1 and PAX6 genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A very rare congenital condition involving the complex of Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary abnormalities, and mental retardation. Wilms Tumor-Aniridia-Genitourinary Anomalies-Mental Retardation (WAGR) syndrome involves deletions of several adjacent genes in chromosome region 11p13. Two or more of the four conditions must be present for an individual to be diagnosed with WAGR Syndrome. The clinical picture varies, depending upon the combination of abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11p Partial Monosomy Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"WAGR Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"WAGR Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WAGR syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Wilms Tumor, Aniridia, Genitourinary Anomalies and Developmental Delay Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Wilms Tumor-Aniridia-Genitourinary Anomalies-Mental Retardation Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wilms Tumor-Aniridia-Genitourinary Anomalies-Mental Retardation Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Wilms tumor-aniridia-genitourinary anomalies-mental retardation syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C50995":{"preferredName":"Disease Response","code":"C50995","definitions":[{"description":"In medicine, an improvement related to treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The pathologic and/or clinical changes that result from treatment. The changes may include eradication of detectable disease, stabilization of disease, or disease progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Disease Response","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Response","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"response","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C105722":{"preferredName":"ECOG Performance Status 0","code":"C105722","definitions":[{"description":"Fully active, able to carry on all pre-disease performance without restriction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"ECOG 0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECOG Performance Status 0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105723":{"preferredName":"ECOG Performance Status 1","code":"C105723","definitions":[{"description":"Restricted in physically strenuous activity but ambulatory and able to carry out work of a light or sedentary nature, e.g., light house work, office work.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"ECOG 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECOG Performance Status 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105725":{"preferredName":"ECOG Performance Status 2","code":"C105725","definitions":[{"description":"Ambulatory and capable of all self care but unable to carry out any work activities. Up and about more than 50% of waking hours.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"ECOG 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECOG Performance Status 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105726":{"preferredName":"ECOG Performance Status 3","code":"C105726","definitions":[{"description":"Capable of only limited selfcare, confined to bed or chair more than 50% of waking hours.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"ECOG 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECOG Performance Status 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105727":{"preferredName":"ECOG Performance Status 4","code":"C105727","definitions":[{"description":"Completely disabled. Cannot carry on any selfcare. Totally confined to bed or chair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"ECOG 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECOG Performance Status 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105728":{"preferredName":"ECOG Performance Status 5","code":"C105728","definitions":[{"description":"Dead.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ECOG 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECOG Performance Status 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C14338":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 16","code":"C14338","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce skin and mucosal epithelial lesions. Human papillomavirus-16 (HPV16) has been directly linked to cervical cancer and is significantly associated with invasiveness. Progression from low- to high-grade neoplasia is often associated with the integration of the HPV16 genome into the host chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV Genotype 16","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV-16","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV-16","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus 16","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Genotype 16","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 16","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 16","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-16","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-16","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C14377":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 18","code":"C14377","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce skin and mucosal epithelial lesions. Human papillomavirus-18 (HPV18) has been directly linked to cervical cancer and plays a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. The virus integrates its DNA at specific chromosomal locations, such as 8q24 and 12q15. The use of molecular markers for HPV18 infection may allow the identification of patients with early stage cervical cancer and those at high risk for disease recurrence.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV Genotype 18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV-18","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV-18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Genotype 18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 18","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C102995":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-26","code":"C102995","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-26 may be associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alphapapillomavirus 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV-26","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV26","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 26","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-26","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C102904":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-31","code":"C102904","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-31 is associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-31","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV31","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 31","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-31","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C102996":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-33","code":"C102996","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-33 is associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C102997":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-35","code":"C102997","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-35 is associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-35","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV35","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 35","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-35","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-35","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C102998":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-39","code":"C102998","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-39 is associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-39","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV39","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 39","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-39","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C102999":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-45","code":"C102999","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-45 is associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-45","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV45","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 45","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-45","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-45","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103000":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-51","code":"C103000","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-51 is associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-51","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV51","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 51","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-51","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103001":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-52","code":"C103001","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-52 is associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-52","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV52","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 52","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-52","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-52","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103002":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-53","code":"C103002","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-53 may be associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alphapapillomavirus 6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV-53","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV53","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 53","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-53","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103003":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-56","code":"C103003","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-56 is associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-56","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV56","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 56","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-56","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103004":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-58","code":"C103004","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-58 is associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-58","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV58","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 58","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-58","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-58","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103005":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-59","code":"C103005","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-59 is associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-59","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV59","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 59","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-59","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156054":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-63","code":"C156054","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-63 may be associated with a risk for cervical cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-63","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV63","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papilloma Virus 63","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papilloma Virus-63","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus 63","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-63","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103006":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-66","code":"C103006","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-66 is associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-66","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV66","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 66","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-66","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103007":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-68","code":"C103007","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-68 may be associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-68","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV68","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 68","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-68","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156055":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-70","code":"C156055","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-70 may be associated with a high risk for cervical cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-70","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV70","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papilloma Virus 70","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papilloma Virus-70","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus 70","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-70","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103008":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-73","code":"C103008","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-73 may be associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-73","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV73","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 73","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-73","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103009":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-82","code":"C103009","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce epithelial lesions. Infection with human papillomavirus-82 may be associated with a high risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-82","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV82","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 82","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-82","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C35571":{"preferredName":"Progressive Disease","code":"C35571","definitions":[{"description":"A disease process that is increasing in extent or severity. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A disease process that is increasing in scope or severity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Disease Progression","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PROGRESSIVE DISEASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Progressive Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Progressive Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Progressive Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Progressive Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C105741":{"preferredName":"Treatment Terminated Due to Toxicity","code":"C105741","definitions":[{"description":"Indicates that the patient terminated the treatment due to toxicity related to the treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Treatment Terminated Due to Toxicity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C90169":{"preferredName":"Persistent Disease","code":"C90169","definitions":[{"description":"A disease that does not go to remission despite treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Persistent Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Persistent Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Persistent Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40413":{"preferredName":"No Evidence of Disease","code":"C40413","definitions":[{"description":"An absence of detectable disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Diagnostic tests fail to detect presence of disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NED","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"No Evidence of Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"No Evidence of Disease","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"No Evidence of Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"No Evidence of Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C15752":{"preferredName":"Chemoembolization","code":"C15752","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure in which the blood supply to the tumor is blocked surgically or mechanically and anticancer drugs are administered directly into the tumor. This permits a higher concentration of drug to be in contact with the tumor for a longer period of time.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A procedure that introduces chemotherapy to blood vessels adjacent to a tumor, for the purpose of both treating the tumor and interrupt blood flow to the tumor, which serves both to trap the chemotherapeutic agent at the tumor and to decrease the amount of nutrients flowing to the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chemoembolization","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chemoembolization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy Embolization","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chemoembolization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15632":{"preferredName":"Chemotherapy","code":"C15632","definitions":[{"description":"Non-systemic chemotherapy treatment (e.g., intra-peritoneal, intra-cavitary, intra-thecal), or chemotherapy not described by Chemotherapy Single Agent Systemic or Multi-Agent Systemic.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTEP"},{"description":"The use of synthetic or naturally-occurring chemicals for the treatment of diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Treatment with anticancer drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The use of synthetic or naturally-occurring chemicals for the treatment of diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHEMOTHERAPY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chemo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy (NOS)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy, Cancer, General","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chemotherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C141342":{"preferredName":"Concurrent Chemoradiation","code":"C141342","definitions":[{"description":"Treatment in which radiation therapy is administered at the same time as chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Concurrent Chemoradiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15215":{"preferredName":"Cryosurgery","code":"C15215","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure in which tissue is frozen to destroy abnormal cells. Liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide is used to freeze the tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Removal, separation, detachment, extirpation or eradication of a body part, pathway or function by freezing. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The use of extreme cold to damage or destroy a body part, pathway, or function. The procedure is performed using small cryogenic probes during surgery, and has recently been applied to solitary sporadic renal tumor lesions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRYOABLATION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cryoablation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryosurgery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryosurgery","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cryosurgery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cryoablation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cryosurgery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cryosurgical ablation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15230":{"preferredName":"Embolization Therapy","code":"C15230","definitions":[{"description":"The blocking of an artery by a clot or foreign material. Embolization can be done as treatment to block the flow of blood to a tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A procedure in which substances are injected into blood vessels adjacent to a tumor for the purpose of interrupting the blood flow to the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Embolization Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embolization Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Embolization Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"embolization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"therapy, embolization","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C67444":{"preferredName":"Ethanol Ablation Therapy","code":"C67444","definitions":[{"description":"An injection of ethanol (alcohol) through the skin directly into a tumor to kill cancer cells. Ultrasound or a CT scan is used to guide the needle into the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ethanol Ablation Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethanol Ablation Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"alcohol ablation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ethanol ablation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"percutaneous ethanol injection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15751":{"preferredName":"External Beam Radiation Therapy","code":"C15751","definitions":[{"description":"A type of radiation therapy in which high-energy beams are delivered to the tumor from outside of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of radiation therapy that uses a machine to aim high-energy rays at the cancer from outside of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Radiation therapy in which high-energy beams are delivered to the tumor from outside of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Definitive Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBRT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EXTERNAL BEAM RADIATION THERAPY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"External Beam RT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Beam Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Beam Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"External Beam Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Beam Radiotherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"external radiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"external-beam radiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15445":{"preferredName":"Hormone Therapy","code":"C15445","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer therapy, which incorporates hormonal manipulation (e.g., tamoxifen, androgen deprivation).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTEP"},{"description":"Treatment that adds, blocks, or removes hormones. For certain conditions (such as diabetes or menopause), hormones are given to adjust low hormone levels. To slow or stop the growth of certain cancers (such as prostate and breast cancer), synthetic hormones or other drugs may be given to block the body's natural hormones. Sometimes surgery is needed to remove the gland that makes a certain hormone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Various treatment modalities that produce the desired therapeutic effect by means of change of hormone/hormones level.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chemotherapy-Hormones/Steroids","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endocrine Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hormonal Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hormone Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hormone Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"endocrine therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hormonal therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hormone therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hormone treatment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15262":{"preferredName":"Immunotherapy","code":"C15262","definitions":[{"description":"A therapy designed to induce changes in a patient's immune status.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Treatment to boost or restore the ability of the immune system to fight cancer, infections, and other diseases. Also used to lessen certain side effects that may be caused by some cancer treatments. Agents used in immunotherapy include monoclonal antibodies, growth factors, and vaccines. These agents may also have a direct antitumor effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Therapy designed to induce changes in a patient's immune status in order to treat disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMMUNOTHERAPY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Immunologically Directed Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotherapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunotherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Immunotherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"immunotherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15195":{"preferredName":"Internal Radiation Therapy","code":"C15195","definitions":[{"description":"A type of radiation therapy in which radioactive material is placed inside the body, into a tumor or body cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of radiation therapy in which radioactive material sealed in needles, seeds, wires, or catheters is placed directly into or near a tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A type of radiation therapy in which radioactive material is placed inside the body, into a tumor or body cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRACHYTHERAPY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brachytherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Internal Radiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Internal Radiation Brachytherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Internal Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Internal Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Internal Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiation Brachytherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"brachytherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"internal radiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"radiation brachytherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C93340":{"preferredName":"Radioembolization","code":"C93340","definitions":[{"description":"A type of radiation therapy used to treat liver cancer that is advanced or has come back. Tiny beads that hold the radioisotope yttrium Y 90 are injected into the hepatic artery (the main blood vessel that carries blood to the liver). The beads collect in the tumor and the yttrium Y 90 gives off radiation. This destroys the blood vessels that the tumor needs to grow and kills the cancer cells. Radioembolization is a type of selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A combination therapy for cancer treatment that couples radiation therapy and embolization through the introduction of radioactive microspheres directly into vessels supplying the tumor, allowing for the delivery of high dose radiation without irradiating healthy tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Radioembolization","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radioembolization","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Radioembolization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"intra-arterial brachytherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"radioembolization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15329":{"preferredName":"Surgical Procedure","code":"C15329","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure to remove or repair a part of the body or to find out whether disease is present. An operation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A diagnostic or treatment procedure performed by manual and/or instrumental means, often involving an incision and the removal or replacement of a diseased organ or tissue; of or relating to or involving or used in surgery or requiring or amenable to treatment by surgery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Operation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surgery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surgical","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surgical","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surgical Interventions","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surgical Procedure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surgical Procedure","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Surgical Procedure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surgical Procedure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Surgical Procedures","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surgically","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"surgery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C76243":{"preferredName":"Targeted Molecular Therapy","code":"C76243","definitions":[{"description":"In cancer treatment, substances that kill cancer cells by targeting key molecules involved in cancer cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Cancer therapies designed to act upon specific molecules in metabolic pathways or processes involved in carcinogenesis, tumor growth, or tumor spread.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Molecular Targeted Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Targeted Molecular Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Targeted Molecular Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Targeted Molecular Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"molecularly targeted therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15651":{"preferredName":"High-Dose Rate Brachytherapy","code":"C15651","definitions":[{"description":"A type of brachytherapy that targets a cancerous tissue with high doses of radiation through the use of inserted temporary implants.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Internal radiation treatment that targets a cancerous tissue with accurate, high doses of radiation through the use of inserted temporary implants.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HIGH-DOSE RATE BRACHYTHERAPY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"High-Dose Rate Brachytherapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"High-Dose Rate Brachytherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C85254":{"preferredName":"Low-Dose Rate Brachytherapy","code":"C85254","definitions":[{"description":"A type of brachytherapy that targets a cancerous tissue with low doses of radiation through the use of inserted temporary or permanent implants.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Internal radiation treatment that targets a cancerous tissue with low doses of radiation through the use of inserted temporary or permanent implants.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LOW-DOSE RATE BRACHYTHERAPY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Low-Dose Rate Brachytherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15313":{"preferredName":"Radiation Therapy","code":"C15313","definitions":[{"description":"The use of high-energy radiation from x-rays, gamma rays, neutrons, protons, and other sources to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Radiation may come from a machine outside the body (external-beam radiation therapy), or it may come from radioactive material placed in the body near cancer cells (internal radiation therapy). Systemic radiation therapy uses a radioactive substance, such as a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody, that travels in the blood to tissues throughout the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Treatment of a disease by means of exposure of the target or the whole body to radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Treatment of a disease by means of exposure of the target or the whole body to radiation. Radiation therapy is often used as part of curative therapy and occasionally as a component of palliative treatment for cancer. Other uses include total body irradiation prior to transplantation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Radiotherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irradiate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irradiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irradiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RADIATION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RADIOTHERAPY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Radiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Radiotherapeutics","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiotherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy, Radiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"irradiated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"irradiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"radiation therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"radiotherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C16035":{"preferredName":"3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy","code":"C16035","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure that uses a computer to create a 3-dimensional picture of the tumor. This allows doctors to give the highest possible dose of radiation to the tumor, while sparing the normal tissue as much as possible.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A process by which a dose of radiation is automatically shaped to closely conform to the entire volume of the tumor, so that surrounding normal tissue is spared and treatment toxicity is decreased. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A process by which a dose of radiation is automatically shaped to closely conform to the entire volume of the tumor, so that surrounding normal tissue is spared and treatment toxicity is decreased.","attr":"from Varian Oncology web site","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"3-dimensional radiation therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"3D CONFORMAL RADIATION THERAPY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"3D CRT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"3D-CRT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conformal Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiation Conformal Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16135":{"preferredName":"Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy","code":"C16135","definitions":[{"description":"A type of 3-dimensional radiation therapy that uses computer-generated images to show the size and shape of the tumor. Thin beams of radiation of different intensities are aimed at the tumor from many angles. This type of radiation therapy reduces the damage to healthy tissue near the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An advanced form of 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D CRT) that involves the use of varying intensities of small radiation beams to produce dosage distributions that are more precise than those possible with 3D CRT. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An advanced form of 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D CRT) that involves the use of varying intensities of small radiation beams to produce dosage distributions that are more precise than those possible with 3D CRT.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMRT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IMRT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTENSITY-MODULATED RADIATION THERAPY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intensity Modulated RT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"intensity-modulated radiation therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C66897":{"preferredName":"Proton Beam Radiation Therapy","code":"C66897","definitions":[{"description":"A type of radiation therapy that uses streams of protons (tiny particles with a positive charge) that come from a special machine. This type of radiation kills tumor cells but does not damage nearby tissues. It is used to treat cancers in the head and neck and in organs such as the brain, eye, lung, spine, and prostate. Proton beam radiation is different from x-ray radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A type of external beam radiation therapy using a beam of protons. It has the advantage of precisely localizing the radiation dose on the targeted tissue and avoiding damage to the healthy surrounding tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PBRT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proton Beam Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Proton Beam Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proton Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"proton beam radiation therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15358":{"preferredName":"Stereotactic Radiosurgery","code":"C15358","definitions":[{"description":"A type of external radiation therapy that uses special equipment to position the patient and precisely give a single large dose of radiation to a tumor. It is used to treat brain tumors and other brain disorders that cannot be treated by regular surgery. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-surgical procedure that was developed to deliver one or several maximum dose targeted radiation treatments for cancers in the brain or spine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stereotactic External Beam Irradiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stereotactic Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stereotactic Radiosurgery","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Stereotactic Radiosurgery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stereotactic Radiotherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"stereotactic external-beam radiation therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"stereotactic radiation therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"stereotactic radiosurgery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"stereotaxic radiation therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"stereotaxic radiosurgery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C116643":{"preferredName":"Microwave Ablation","code":"C116643","definitions":[{"description":"A treatment modality that uses directed electromagnetic waves within the microwave spectrum to heat the targeted tissue for the purpose of causing tissue necrosis within solid tissue tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Microwave Ablation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Microwave Ablation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C20985":{"preferredName":"Ablation Therapy","code":"C20985","definitions":[{"description":"In medicine, the removal or destruction of a body part or tissue or its function. Ablation may be performed by surgery, hormones, drugs, radiofrequency, heat, or other methods.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Removal, separation, detachment, extirpation or eradication of a body part, pathway or function by surgery, chemical destruction, morbid process, or noxious substance. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Removal, separation, detachment, extirpation, or eradication of a body part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, morbid process, or noxious substance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABLATION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ablation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ablation Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ablation Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ablation Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Local Ablation Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Local Ablative Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ablation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15666":{"preferredName":"Radiofrequency Ablation","code":"C15666","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure that uses radio waves to heat and destroy abnormal cells. The radio waves travel through electrodes (small devices that carry electricity). Radiofrequency ablation may be used to treat cancer and other conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A therapeutic procedure to kill tissue using radiowaves to generate heat. The procedure is performed by the insertion of an electrode into a target tissue. Electrical energy delivered to the electrode heats and destroys the tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Radiofrequency Ablation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiofrequency Ablation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Radiofrequency Ablation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiofrequency Interstitial Ablation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"radiofrequency ablation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C64172":{"preferredName":"Anticonvulsant Therapy","code":"C64172","definitions":[{"description":"Drug treatment to prevent, stop, or reduce the severity of seizures or convulsions, commonly used in cases of epilepsy or other seizure disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anticonvulsant Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antiseizure Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15533":{"preferredName":"Chemoprotection","code":"C15533","definitions":[{"description":"The use of drugs to protect normal tissue from damage by cancer therapy agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chemoprotection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15393":{"preferredName":"Isolated Chemotherapeutic Limb Perfusion","code":"C15393","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure used to deliver anticancer drugs directly to an arm or leg but not to the rest of the body. The flow of blood to and from the limb is temporarily stopped with a tourniquet (a tight band around the limb). Catheters (small, flexible tubes) attached to a pump are put into an artery and a vein in the limb so that blood can be circulated through the pump into the limb. Anticancer drugs are injected into the catheters. Wrapping the limb in a heated blanket or warming the drugs or blood may help the drugs work better.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Isolated Chemotherapeutic Limb Perfusion","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Isolated Chemotherapeutic Limb Perfusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Limb Perfusion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"isolated limb infusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"isolated limb perfusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"limb perfusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15986":{"preferredName":"Pharmacotherapy","code":"C15986","definitions":[{"description":"Treatment with any substance, other than food, that is used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve symptoms of a disease or abnormal condition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Treatment of disease through the use of drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Drug Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Drug Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharmacological Treatment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharmacological Treatments","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharmacotherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharmacotherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharmacotherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Treatment With Medication","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"drug therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C66899":{"preferredName":"Pleurodesis","code":"C66899","definitions":[{"description":"A medical procedure that uses chemicals or drugs to cause inflammation and adhesion between the layers of the pleura (a thin layer of tissue that covers the lungs and lines the interior wall of the chest cavity). This prevents the buildup of fluid in the pleural cavity. It is used as a treatment for severe pleural effusion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A therapeutic surgical procedure in which the pleural space is surgically eliminated by the adherence of the visceral and parietal pleurae. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A therapeutic surgical procedure in which the pleural space is surgically eliminated by the adherence of the visceral and parietal pleurae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLEURODESIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pleurodesis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleurodesis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pleurodesis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pleurodesis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C95484":{"preferredName":"CyberKnife","code":"C95484","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, robotic radiosurgery system designed to deliver precise beams of high dose radiation to tumors with extreme accuracy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CyberKnife","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66891":{"preferredName":"Interstitial Radiation Therapy","code":"C66891","definitions":[{"description":"A type of brachytherapy in which radioactive material sealed in needles, seeds, wires, or catheters is placed directly into a tumor or body tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of internal radiation therapy in which radioactive material sealed in needles, seeds, wires, or catheters is placed directly into a tumor or body tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A type of internal radiation therapy in which radioactive material sealed in needles, seeds, wires, or catheters is placed directly into a tumor or body tissue. (Cancer.gov)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRACHYTHERAPY, INTERSTITIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Implant Radiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interstitial Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Interstitial Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"implant radiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"interstitial radiation therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15470":{"preferredName":"Isotope Therapy","code":"C15470","definitions":[{"description":"Treatment of a disease by means of exposure of the target to radioisotopes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Isotope Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radioactive Isotope Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radioisotope Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"therapy, isotope, radioactive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15382":{"preferredName":"Gamma Knife","code":"C15382","definitions":[{"description":"A treatment using gamma rays, a type of high-energy radiation that can be tightly focused on small tumors or other lesions in the head or neck, so very little normal tissue receives radiation. The gamma rays are aimed at the tumor from many different angles at once, and deliver a large dose of radiation exactly to the tumor in one treatment session. This procedure is a type of stereotactic radiosurgery. Gamma Knife therapy is not a knife and is not surgery. Gamma Knife is a registered trademark of Elekta Instruments, Inc.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gamma Knife","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma Knife Radiosurgery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma Knife therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C92991":{"preferredName":"Systemic Radiation Therapy","code":"C92991","definitions":[{"description":"A type of radiation therapy in which a radioactive substance, such radioactive iodine or a radioactively labeled monoclonal antibody, is swallowed or injected into the body and travels through the blood, locating and killing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Radiation therapy in which radioactive drugs are administered orally or through an injection then circulate through the blood and collect in tumor sites where they kill cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Systemic Radiation Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"systemic radiation therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C798":{"preferredName":"Radiosensitizing Agent","code":"C798","definitions":[{"description":"Drugs that make tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An agent that makes tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Radiation Sensitizers","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiation-Sensitizing Agents","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiation-Sensitizing Drugs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiosensitizers","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiosensitizing Agent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiosensitizing Agent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiosensitizing Drugs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"radiosensitizer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C16039":{"preferredName":"Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","code":"C16039","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure in which blood-forming stem cells (cells from which all blood cells develop) are removed, stored, and later given back to the same person.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Stem cell transfer or transplantation in which the patient is his own donor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"autologous stem cell transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C46089":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","code":"C46089","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure in which a person receives blood-forming stem cells (cells from which all blood cells develop) from a genetically similar, but not identical, donor. This is often a sister or brother, but could be an unrelated donor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A clinical treatment in which hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are transferred from one genetically dissimilar individual to another.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSCT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"allogeneic stem cell transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C62714":{"preferredName":"Nonmyeloablative Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","code":"C62714","definitions":[{"description":"A modification of the standard method of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation developed to allow for the therapy to be extended to a patient population that is unable to tolerate treatment with the conventional procedure due to its toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NST","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-myeloablative allogeneic transplant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonmyeloablative Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nonmyeloablative Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonmyeloablative Stem Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C93196":{"preferredName":"Syngeneic Stem Cell Transplantation","code":"C93196","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure in which a patient receives blood-forming stem cells (cells from which all blood cells develop) donated by his or her healthy identical twin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Syngeneic Stem Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"syngeneic stem cell transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C138187":{"preferredName":"Haploidentical Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation","code":"C138187","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical treatment in which hematopoietic stem cells are transferred from a HLA half-matched donor to a recipient.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HLA-Haploidentical Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Haploidentical Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Haploidentical Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15431":{"preferredName":"Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation","code":"C15431","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic procedure that involves the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells from a donor to a recipient.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A therapeutic procedure that involves the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells, either with the patient as their own donor or from a donor to a patient. This can be used for treatment of malignant and non-malignant diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HCT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSCT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSCT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"stem cell transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15370":{"preferredName":"Steroid Therapy","code":"C15370","definitions":[{"description":"Treatment with corticosteroid drugs to reduce swelling, pain, and other symptoms of inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The use of exogenous steroids for the treatment of any disease or disorder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Steroid Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Steroid Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Steroid Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"steroid therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12664":{"preferredName":"Abdomen","code":"C12664","definitions":[{"description":"The area of the body that contains the pancreas, stomach, intestine, liver, gallbladder, and other organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The body cavity between the thoracic and pelvic cavities in mammals.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the body that lies between the thorax and the pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABDOMINAL CAVITY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Abdomen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdomen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdomen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Abdominal Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BODY CAVITY, ABDOMINAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"abdomen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C77608":{"preferredName":"Abdominal Wall","code":"C77608","definitions":[{"description":"The tissue that surrounds the organs present in the abdominal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The tissues that surround the organs that are present within the abdominal cavity. The abdominal wall tissue is composed of layers of fat, parietal peritoneum, fascia, and muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABDOMINAL WALL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Abdominal Wall","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal Wall","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32042":{"preferredName":"Acetabulum","code":"C32042","definitions":[{"description":"Two cup shaped areas, one each on the lateral side of the lower pelvis that house the head of the femur to form the ball and socket joint of the hip. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Two cup shaped areas, one each on the lateral side of the lower pelvis that house the head of the femur to form the ball and socket joint of the hip.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACETABULUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acetabulum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetabulum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetabulum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C33318":{"preferredName":"Pharyngeal Tonsil","code":"C33318","definitions":[{"description":"A tonsil in the mucosa of the nasopharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A fold of lymphatic tissue covered by ciliated epithelium at the very back of the nose, in the roof of the nasopharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHARYNGEAL TONSIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pharyngeal Tonsil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharyngeal Tonsil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TONSIL, PHARYNGEAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12472":{"preferredName":"Adipose Tissue","code":"C12472","definitions":[{"description":"Connective tissue consisting primarily of adipocytes (fat cells) and supporting structural matrix.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A specialized form of connective tissue consisting primarily of adipocytes (fat cells), surrounded by a meshwork of collagen fibers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADIPOSE TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Body Fat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Body Fat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fat Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Human Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}]}}{"C89749":{"preferredName":"Alveolar Ridge","code":"C89749","definitions":[{"description":"The thickened bony structures in the mandible and maxilla that contain the sockets of the teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alveolar Margin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alveolar Ridge","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alveolar Ridge","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13188":{"preferredName":"Amniotic Fluid","code":"C13188","definitions":[{"description":"The fluid within the amniotic cavity which surrounds and protects the developing embryo. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fluid within the amniotic cavity which surrounds and protects the developing embryo. It is initially produced by the amnion and then later by the lungs and kidneys. The amount at term normally varies from 500 to 2000 ml.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMNIOTIC FLUID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Amniotic Fluid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amniotic Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aqua Amnii","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Aqua Amnii","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUID, AMNIOTIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Human Amniotic Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Liquor Amnii","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Waters (Amniotic Fluid)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13011":{"preferredName":"Ampulla of Vater","code":"C13011","definitions":[{"description":"An enlargement of the ducts from the liver and pancreas at the point where they enter the small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The junction of the common bile and main pancreatic ducts, which protrudes into the medial aspect of the descending duodenum at the major duodenal papilla. The flow of bile and pancreatic juices into the duodenum through the Ampulla of Vater is controlled by the sphincter of Oddi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ampulla of Vater","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ampulla of Vater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vater's Ampulla","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ampulla of Vater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32078":{"preferredName":"Ankle Joint","code":"C32078","definitions":[{"description":"A gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANKLE JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ankle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ankle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ankle Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ankle Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ankle Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C103238":{"preferredName":"Antecubital Fossa","code":"C103238","definitions":[{"description":"A triangular space on the anterior side of the elbow joint. Three main veins of the arm, the brachial artery, the medial nerve and the tendon of the biceps pass through this space.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antecubital Fossa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cubital Fossa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elbow Pit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97102":{"preferredName":"Antrum","code":"C97102","definitions":[{"description":"A chamber formation in an organ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antrum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antrum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C43362":{"preferredName":"Anus","code":"C43362","definitions":[{"description":"The distal orifice of the digestive tract located between the rectum and the external surface of the body, comprising glandular, transitional, and squamous epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The opening of the rectum to the outside of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The lower opening of the digestive tract, lying in the cleft between the buttocks, through which fecal matter is extruded.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Anal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LARGE INTESTINE, ANUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"anal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"anus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12669":{"preferredName":"Aorta","code":"C12669","definitions":[{"description":"The largest artery in the body. It carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to vessels that reach the rest of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The major artery of the body; it arises from the left ventricle of the heart and terminally bifurcates into the common iliac arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The major arterial trunk that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle into the ascending aorta behind the heart, the aortic arch, through the thorax as the descending aorta and through the abdomen as the abdominal aorta; it bifurcates into the left and right common iliac arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AORTA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ARTERY, AORTA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Aorta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aorta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aortic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aorta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C97112":{"preferredName":"Aortic Body","code":"C97112","definitions":[{"description":"A small mass that is located in the inferior surface of the aortic arch. It functions as a peripheral chemoreceptor and is composed of glomus cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aortic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aortic Body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12380":{"preferredName":"Appendix","code":"C12380","definitions":[{"description":"A pouch-like tissue attached to the cecum, which may exist as a diverticulum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A small, fingerlike pouch that sticks out from the cecum (the first part of the large intestine near the end of the small intestine).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Small tissue projection existing as a cecal diverticulum with a questionable history of vestigial versus specialized organ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APPENDIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Appendix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Appendix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LARGE INTESTINE, APPENDIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vermiform Appendix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"appendix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13190":{"preferredName":"Aqueous Humor","code":"C13190","definitions":[{"description":"The watery fluid which is present in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The watery fluid which is present in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AQUEOUS HUMOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Aqueous Humor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aqueous Humor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aqueous Humour","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"EYE, AQUEOUS HUMOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32141":{"preferredName":"Arm","code":"C32141","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the upper extremity between the shoulder and the elbow.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the upper extremity between the shoulder and the elbow. For clinical purposes this term is also used to refer to the whole superior limb.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Arm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brachium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Upper Arm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12372":{"preferredName":"Artery","code":"C12372","definitions":[{"description":"A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to tissues and organs in the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Arterial","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12265":{"preferredName":"Ascending Colon","code":"C12265","definitions":[{"description":"The first part of the colon (large intestine) that starts in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen and ends at the transverse colon in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The first part of the colon (large intestine) that starts in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen and ends at the transverse colon in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ascending Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ascending Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ascending Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"COLON, ASCENDING","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12498":{"preferredName":"External Acoustic Meatus","code":"C12498","definitions":[{"description":"A tubular structure that runs from the outer ear to the tympanic membrane.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A part of the ear canal that is external to the ear drum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Auditory Canal, External","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EAR CANAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"External Acoustic Meatus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12673":{"preferredName":"Autonomic Nervous System","code":"C12673","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the nervous system that controls muscles of internal organs (such as the heart, blood vessels, lungs, stomach, and intestines) and glands (such as salivary glands and sweat glands). One part of the autonomic nervous system helps the body rest, relax, and digest food and another part helps a person fight or take flight in an emergency.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The part of the nervous system of vertebrates that controls involuntary actions of the smooth muscles and heart and glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Autonomic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autonomic Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autonomic Nervous System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"autonomic nervous system","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"involuntary nervous system","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12674":{"preferredName":"Axilla","code":"C12674","definitions":[{"description":"The underarm or armpit.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The underside concavity where the arm and the shoulder are joined. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The underside concavity where the arm and the shoulder are joined.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXILLA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Armpit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axilla","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axilla","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axilla","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Underarm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"axilla","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13062":{"preferredName":"Back","code":"C13062","definitions":[{"description":"The dorsal area between the base of the neck and the sacrum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The dorsal area between the base of the neck and the sacrum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BACK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Back","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Back","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Back","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12376":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct","code":"C12376","definitions":[{"description":"A tube through which bile passes in and out of the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any of the ducts conveying bile between the liver and the intestine, including hepatic, cystic, and common bile duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the ducts conveying bile between the liver and the intestine, including hepatic, cystic, and common bile duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BILE DUCT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUCT, BILE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"bile duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12434":{"preferredName":"Blood","code":"C12434","definitions":[{"description":"A liquid tissue with the primary function of transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide. It supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tissue with red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and other substances suspended in fluid called plasma. Blood takes oxygen and nutrients to the tissues, and carries away wastes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A liquid tissue; its major function is to transport oxygen throughout the body. It also supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection. Several hormones also travel in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLOOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Blood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blood","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Blood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Blood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Peripheral Blood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reticuloendothelial System, Blood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Whole Blood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"blood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"peripheral blood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12679":{"preferredName":"Blood Vessel","code":"C12679","definitions":[{"description":"A tube through which the blood circulates in the body. Blood vessels include a network of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tubular structure through which the blood circulates in the body. Blood vessels constitute a network composed of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tubular structure through which the blood circulates in the body. Blood vessels constitute a network composed of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLOOD VESSEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Blood Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blood Vessel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Blood Vessel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Blood Vessel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"VESSEL, BLOOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"blood vessel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12366":{"preferredName":"Bone","code":"C12366","definitions":[{"description":"Calcified connective tissue that forms the skeletal components of the body. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Connective tissue that forms the skeletal components of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osseous","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12431":{"preferredName":"Bone Marrow","code":"C12431","definitions":[{"description":"The soft, sponge-like tissue in the center of most bones. It produces white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tissue occupying the spaces of some bones. It consists of blood vessel sinuses and a network of hematopoietic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The tissue occupying the spaces of bone. It consists of blood vessel sinuses and a network of hematopoietic cells which give rise to the red cells, white cells, and megakaryocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE MARROW","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bone Marrow","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone Marrow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reticuloendothelial System, Bone Marrow","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bone marrow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12736":{"preferredName":"Intestine","code":"C12736","definitions":[{"description":"The long, tube-shaped organ in the abdomen that completes the process of digestion. The intestine has two parts, the small intestine and the large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the gastrointestinal tract that includes the small and large intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the gastrointestinal tract between the stomach and the anus. It includes the small intestine and large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTESTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intestines","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bowel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12441":{"preferredName":"Brain Stem","code":"C12441","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the brain that connects the cerebral hemispheres with the spinal cord. It consists of the mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the brain that is connected to the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Three sections, the midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata, that are located at the base of the brain. The brain stem regulates the central nervous system, and is vital as a conduit for motor and sensory innervations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN STEM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"BRAIN, BRAIN STEM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brain Stem","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brain Stem","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brain Stem","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brainstem","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"brain stem","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12318":{"preferredName":"Broad Ligament","code":"C12318","definitions":[{"description":"A wide fold of peritoneum that connects the uterus to the lateral walls and floor of the pelvis, and contains the ovaries, fallopian tubes, ovarian ligaments, round ligament of the uterus, and ovarian and uterine arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Broad Ligament","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Broad Ligament","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lateral Ligament","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12684":{"preferredName":"Bronchiole","code":"C12684","definitions":[{"description":"A tiny branch of air tubes in the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The smallest subdivisions of the bronchial tree, which are both acartilagenous and aglandular.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bronchiole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchiole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchiolus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bronchiole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12683":{"preferredName":"Bronchus","code":"C12683","definitions":[{"description":"The large air passages that lead from the trachea (windpipe) to the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Tubular structure in continuation with the trachea, serving as an air passage.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Tubular structure in continuation with the trachea, serving as air passage. It terminates in the lung (terminal bronchiole).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRONCHUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bronchi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"bronchus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32575":{"preferredName":"Eyebrow","code":"C32575","definitions":[{"description":"The arched strip of hair on the bony ridge above each eye socket.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eyebrow","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eyebrow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12421":{"preferredName":"Oral Cavity","code":"C12421","definitions":[{"description":"Refers to the mouth. It includes the lips, the lining inside the cheeks and lips, the front two thirds of the tongue, the upper and lower gums, the floor of the mouth under the tongue, the bony roof of the mouth, and the small area behind the wisdom teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The cavity of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The cavity located at the upper end of the alimentary canal, behind the teeth and gums that is bounded on the outside by the lips, above by the hard and soft palates and below by the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BODY CAVITY, ORAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Buccal Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mouth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mouth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORAL CAVITY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oral","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orally","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oral cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12505":{"preferredName":"Buccal Mucosa","code":"C12505","definitions":[{"description":"The inner lining of the cheeks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The mucosal membranes located on the inside of the cheek, in the buccal cavity. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The mucosal membranes located on the inside of the cheek, in the buccal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BUCCAL MUCOSA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Buccal Mucosa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buccal Mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUCOSA, BUCCAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"buccal mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C89806":{"preferredName":"Buttock","code":"C89806","definitions":[{"description":"Either of the fleshy mounds in the rear pelvic area of the human body formed by the gluteal muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Either of the fleshy mounds in the rear pelvic area of the human body formed by the gluteal muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BUTTOCK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Buttock","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buttock","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buttock","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C93027":{"preferredName":"Calf","code":"C93027","definitions":[{"description":"The posterior aspect of the lower extremity that extends from the knee to the foot. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The posterior aspect of the lower extremity that extends from the knee to the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CALF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Calf","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calf","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12685":{"preferredName":"Capillary","code":"C12685","definitions":[{"description":"A tiny vessel that can be either a blood capillary or a lymphatic capillary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Capillary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Capillary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12256":{"preferredName":"Gastric Cardia","code":"C12256","definitions":[{"description":"The region of the stomach adjacent to the esophogastric junction.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The area around the esophagogastric mucosal junction where the esophageal mucosa transitions into the gastric mucosa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardia of the Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GASTRIC CARDIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gastric Cardia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric Cardia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STOMACH, CARDIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C25264":{"preferredName":"Carina","code":"C25264","definitions":[{"description":"A ridge at the base of the trachea (windpipe) that separates the openings of the right and left main bronchi (the large air passages that lead from the trachea to the lungs)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A ridge at the bifurcation of the trachea where the primary bronchi meet.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A ridge or ridge-like structure. In humans it usually refers to the trachea. The carina of trachea is part of the lowest tracheal cartilage which is placed between the orifices of the two bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARINA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carina, Tracheal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"carina of trachea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"tracheal carina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12687":{"preferredName":"Carotid Artery","code":"C12687","definitions":[{"description":"A major artery that carries blood from the heart to the head. There is a carotid artery on each side of the neck, and each one splits into two branches. The interior branch carries blood to the brain and eyes, and the exterior branch carries blood to the face, tongue, and outside parts of the head.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An artery of the mediastinum and neck; in general it arises as a primary or secondary branch of the aortic arch and branches into the internal and external carotid arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of two arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the head and neck; the left common carotid branches from the aorta and the right common carotid from the innominate (brachiocephalic artery).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY, CAROTID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CAROTID ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carotid Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carotid Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Common Carotid Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"carotid artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C66852":{"preferredName":"Carotid Body","code":"C66852","definitions":[{"description":"A cluster of cells that function as chemo-receptors, located near the bifurcation of the carotid artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A cluster of cells that function as chemo-receptors, located at the bifurcation of the carotid artery. Its main purpose is to detect changes in the composition of arterial blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAROTID BODY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carotid Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carotid Body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12373":{"preferredName":"Cartilage","code":"C12373","definitions":[{"description":"A tough, flexible tissue that lines joints and gives structure to the nose, ears, larynx, and other parts of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A type of connective tissue composed of chondrocytes and an extracellular matrix, composed of collagen, elastin, and ground substance. There are three types of cartilage; namely elastic, hyaline, and fibrocartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cartilage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cartilagenous","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12381":{"preferredName":"Cecum","code":"C12381","definitions":[{"description":"A pouch that forms the first part of the large intestine. It connects the small intestine to the colon, which is part of the large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The pouch-like portion of the proximal large intestine opening into the colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A blind pouch-like commencement of the colon in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen at the end of the small intestine and the start of the large intestine.","attr":"from On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CECUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cecal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cecum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cecum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LARGE INTESTINE, CECUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"cecum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C16403":{"preferredName":"Cell Line","code":"C16403","definitions":[{"description":"Cells of a single type (human, animal, or plant) that have been adapted to grow continuously in the laboratory and are used in research.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A permanently established cell culture that will proliferate indefinitely given appropriate fresh medium and space.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cell Line","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cell Line","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cultured cell line","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cultured cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12438":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System","code":"C12438","definitions":[{"description":"The brain and spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The part of the nervous system that consists of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the nervous system that consists of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CNS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nervous System, CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"central nervous system","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12445":{"preferredName":"Cerebellum","code":"C12445","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the brain stem. The cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing, and other complex motor functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the brain that extends from the brainstem through the cerebellar folia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the brain located at the base of the skull that is responsible for balance, equilibrium and movement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, CEREBELLUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CEREBELLUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cerebellar","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebellum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebellum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cerebellum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12443":{"preferredName":"Cerebral Cortex","code":"C12443","definitions":[{"description":"The outer layer of the cerebrum composed of neurons and unmyelinated nerve fibers. It is responsible for memory, attention, consciousness and other higher levels of mental function.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The outer layer of the cerebrum composed of neurons and unmyelinated nerve fibers. It is responsible for memory, attention, consciousness and other higher levels of mental function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEREBRAL CORTEX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cerebral Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebral Cortex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebral Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortical","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12692":{"preferredName":"Cerebrospinal Fluid","code":"C12692","definitions":[{"description":"The fluid that flows in and around the hollow spaces of the brain and spinal cord, and between two of the meninges (the thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord). CSF is made by tissue called the choroid plexus in the ventricles (hollow spaces) in the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The fluid that is contained within the brain ventricles, the subarachnoid space and the central canal of the spinal cord. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fluid that is contained within the brain ventricles, the subarachnoid space and the central canal of the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEREBROSPINAL FLUID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CSF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CSF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cerebral Spinal Fluid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebrospinal Fluid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebrospinal Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUID, CEREBROSPINAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"cerebrospinal fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12351":{"preferredName":"Cerebral Hemisphere","code":"C12351","definitions":[{"description":"The largest part of the brain. It is divided into two hemispheres, or halves, called the cerebral hemispheres. Areas within the cerebrum control muscle functions and also control speech, thought, emotions, reading, writing, and learning.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the brain comprising the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes and extending through the thalamus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the brain that controls muscle functions and also controls speech, thought, emotions, reading, writing, and learning. The right hemisphere controls the muscles on the left side of the body, and the left hemisphere controls the muscles on the right side of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, CEREBRUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brain Hemisphere","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEREBRUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cerebral","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebral Hemisphere","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebral Hemisphere","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebral Hemispheres","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebrum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cerebral hemisphere","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cerebrum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C69313":{"preferredName":"Cervical Spine","code":"C69313","definitions":[{"description":"The vertebrae located above the thoracic vertebrae.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Those vertebrae immediately behind (caudal to) the skull, C1-C7 in man.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CERVICAL SPINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cervical Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Spine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25389":{"preferredName":"Chest","code":"C25389","definitions":[{"description":"The anterior side of the thorax from the neck to the abdomen. The shape of the chest is often regarded as potential insight into a disease process, as in the case of barrel chest and respiratory dysfunction. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The anterior side of the thorax from the neck to the abdomen. The shape of the chest is often regarded as potential insight into a disease process, as in the case of barrel chest and respiratory dysfunction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHEST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chest","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chest","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chest","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C62484":{"preferredName":"Chest Wall","code":"C62484","definitions":[{"description":"The muscles, bones, and joints that make up the area of the body between the neck and the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The total system of structures outside the lungs that move as a part of breathing; it includes all structures from the skin to the parietal pleura. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The total system of structures outside the lungs that move as a part of breathing; it includes all structures from the skin to the parietal pleura.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHEST WALL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chest Wall","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chest Wall","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chest Wall","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"THORACIC WALL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thoracic Wall","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chest wall","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C81169":{"preferredName":"Mentum","code":"C81169","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the face below the lower lip and including the protruding part of the lower jaw.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the face below the lower lip and including the protruding part of the lower jaw.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mentum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mentum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12695":{"preferredName":"Clavicle","code":"C12695","definitions":[{"description":"One of a pair of bones at the base of the front of the neck. The clavicles connect the breastbone to the shoulder blades.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The paired bone that is situated between the sternum and the shoulder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of a pair of bones linking the scapula and the sternum. The clavicle is part of the pectoral girdle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, CLAVICLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CLAVICLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Clavicle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clavicle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Collar Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"clavicle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"collarbone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12308":{"preferredName":"Clitoris","code":"C12308","definitions":[{"description":"The erectile tissue in the vulva. It is composed of the corpora cavernosa and the glans clitoris.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The erectile tissue in the vulva. It is composed of the corpora cavernosa and the glans clitoris.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CLITORIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Clitoris","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clitoris","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12698":{"preferredName":"Common Bile Duct","code":"C12698","definitions":[{"description":"A duct that conveys bile from the convergence of the cystic and hepatic duct to the duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tube that carries bile from the liver and the gallbladder through the pancreas and into the duodenum (the upper part of the small intestine). It is formed where the ducts from the liver and gallbladder are joined. It is part of the biliary duct system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Bile ducts are passageways that carry bile. Two major bile ducts come together into a \"trunk\"-the common bile duct which empties into the upper part of the small intestine (the part next to the stomach).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Common Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Common Bile Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUCT, COMMON BILE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ductus Communis Choledochus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"common bile duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12341":{"preferredName":"Conjunctiva","code":"C12341","definitions":[{"description":"A thin tissue divided into the palpebral conjunctiva (covering the inner side of the eye lid) and the bulbar conjunctiva (covering the eyeball). (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A thin, transparent tissue divided into the palpebral conjunctiva (covering the inner side of the eye lid) and the bulbar conjunctiva (covering the eyeball).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CONJUNCTIVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Conjunctiva","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conjunctiva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"conjunctiva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12374":{"preferredName":"Connective Tissue","code":"C12374","definitions":[{"description":"Supporting tissue that surrounds other tissues and organs. Specialized connective tissue includes bone, cartilage, blood, and fat.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Supporting tissue that surrounds other tissues and organs. Specialized connective tissue includes bone, cartilage, blood, and fat.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The supporting or framework tissue of the body, formed of fibrous and ground substance with a variety of cell types. The varieties of connective tissue are: areolar or loose; adipose; dense, regular or irregular, white fibrous; elastic; mucous; lymphoid tissue; cartilage; bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The supporting or framework tissue of the animal body, formed of fibrous and ground substance with more or less numerous cells of various kinds; it is derived from the mesenchyme, and this in turn from the mesoderm; the varieties of connective tissue are: areolar or loose; adipose; dense, regular or irregular, white fibrous; elastic; mucous; and lymphoid tissue; cartilage; and bone; the blood and lymph may be regarded as connective tissues the ground substance of which is a liquid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CONNECTIVE TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"connective tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C25478":{"preferredName":"Dermal","code":"C25478","definitions":[{"description":"Of or relating to or located in the dermis. When used in the context of clinical observations, dermal may also include findings related to other components of the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Of or relating to or located in the dermis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DERMAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dermal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12268":{"preferredName":"Descending Colon","code":"C12268","definitions":[{"description":"The fourth portion of the large intestine (colon) that communicates with the transverse colon in the left-upper quadrant of the abdomen and the rectum below. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fourth portion of the large intestine (colon) that communicates with the transverse colon in the left-upper quadrant of the abdomen and the rectum below.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COLON, DESCENDING","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Descending Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Descending Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Descending Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12702":{"preferredName":"Diaphragm","code":"C12702","definitions":[{"description":"A musculotendinous sheet separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The thin muscle below the lungs and heart that separates the chest from the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Fibromuscular tissue that separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity. It increases the volume of the thoracic cavity through contractions, thus facilitating respiration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIAPHRAGM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Diaphragm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diaphragm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, DIAPHRAGM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"diaphragm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12263":{"preferredName":"Duodenum","code":"C12263","definitions":[{"description":"The first part of the small intestine that connects to the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the small intestine between the stomach and jejunum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A jointed tube 25-30 cm long that connects the stomach to the jejunum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DUODENUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Duodenum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duodenum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMALL INTESTINE, DUODENUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"duodenum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12394":{"preferredName":"Ear","code":"C12394","definitions":[{"description":"A sensory organ that contains auditory and vestibular apparatuses.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sense organ needed for the detection of sound and for establishing balance. The outer ear consists of the auricle, the ear canal as well as the tympanic membrane. The middle ear is made up of an air-filled cavity behind the tympanic membrane that contains the ossicles (malleus, incus and stapes). The inner ear is made up of the cochlea needed for hearing and the vestibular apparatus required for balance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ear","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12292":{"preferredName":"External Ear","code":"C12292","definitions":[{"description":"The external part of the ear. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The external part of the ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Auricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Auricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EAR, OUTER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ear, External","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Ear","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Ear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Ear","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PINNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pinna","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3003":{"preferredName":"Effusion","code":"C3003","definitions":[{"description":"A collection of fluid in a body cavity, which may be the result of a non-neoplastic disorder (e.g. heart failure) or a tumor (e.g. carcinoma of the lung).","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Abnormal collection of fluid in a body cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An abnormal collection of fluid in hollow spaces or between tissues of the body. For example, a pleural effusion is a collection of fluid between the two layers of membrane covering the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A collection of fluid in a body cavity, which may be the result of a non-neoplastic disorder (e.g. heart failure) or a tumor (e.g. carcinoma of the lung).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EFFUSION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Effusion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32497":{"preferredName":"Elbow Joint","code":"C32497","definitions":[{"description":"A joint involving the humerus, radius and ulna bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of hinge joint located between the forearm and upper arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ELBOW JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Elbow","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elbow Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elbow Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elbow Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"JOINT, ELBOW","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12704":{"preferredName":"Endocrine Gland","code":"C12704","definitions":[{"description":"Ductless glands that secrete substances which are released directly into the circulation and which influence metabolism and other body functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endocrine Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endocrine Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endocrine Organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12328":{"preferredName":"Epididymis","code":"C12328","definitions":[{"description":"A crescent-like structure located adjacent to the testis. It consists of a single highly coiled duct and is divided into 3 regions: caput (head), corpus (body) and cauda (tail).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A narrow, tightly-coiled tube that is attached to each of the testicles (the male sex glands that produce sperm). Sperm cells (male reproductive cells) move from the testicles into the epididymis, where they finish maturing and are stored.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A crescent-like structure located in the upper and posterior surfaces of the testis. It consists of the efferent ductules and the duct of the epididymis. It facilitates the maturation of sperm that is produced in the testis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPIDIDYMIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epididymal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epididymis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epididymis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"epididymis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C41449":{"preferredName":"Epidural Spinal Canal Space","code":"C41449","definitions":[{"description":"Having to do with the space between the wall of the spinal canal and the covering of the spinal cord. An epidural injection is given into this space.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The body space between the dura mater and the walls of the vertebral canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Space between the dura mater and the walls of the vertebral canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPIDURAL SPACE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidural Space","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidural Spinal Canal Space","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidural Spinal Canal Space","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"epidural","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12255":{"preferredName":"Lower Third of the Esophagus","code":"C12255","definitions":[{"description":"The lower one third of the esophagus in which the muscle layer is composed of muscle cells predominantly of the smooth type. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower one third of the esophagus in which the muscle layer is composed of muscle cells predominantly of the smooth type.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESOPHAGUS, LOWER THIRD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lower Third of Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower Third of the Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower Third of the Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12254":{"preferredName":"Middle Third of the Esophagus","code":"C12254","definitions":[{"description":"The middle one third of the esophagus in which the muscle layer is composed of muscle cells of the striated and smooth types.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The middle one third of the esophagus in which the muscle layer is composed of muscle cells of the striated and smooth types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESOPHAGUS, MIDDLE THIRD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Middle Third of Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Third of the Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Third of the Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12253":{"preferredName":"Upper Third of the Esophagus","code":"C12253","definitions":[{"description":"The upper one third of esophagus in which the muscle layer is composed of muscle cells of the striated type. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper one third of esophagus in which the muscle layer is composed of muscle cells of the striated type.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESOPHAGUS, UPPER THIRD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Upper Third of Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper Third of the Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper Third of the Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32668":{"preferredName":"Gastroesophageal Junction","code":"C32668","definitions":[{"description":"The anatomical location where the esophagus joins to the stomach. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The place where the esophagus is connected to the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The anatomical location where the esophagus joins to the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GASTROESOPHAGEAL JUNCTION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal Junction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal Junction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal Junction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"gastroesophageal junction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12401":{"preferredName":"Eye","code":"C12401","definitions":[{"description":"Having to do with the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sensory organ of vision.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The organ of sight or vision.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EYE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eye","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eye","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eyeball","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eyeball","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ocular","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ophthalmic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Optic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ophthalmic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12403":{"preferredName":"Fallopian Tube","code":"C12403","definitions":[{"description":"A slender tube through which eggs pass from an ovary to the uterus. In the female reproductive tract, there is one ovary and one fallopian tube on each side of the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tube through which eggs pass from an ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of a pair of tubes that extend from the uterus to each of the ovaries. Following ovulation the egg travels down the fallopian tube to the uterus where fertilization may or may not occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FALLOPIAN TUBE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fallopian Tube","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fallopian Tube","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fallopian Tube","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fallopian Tubes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OVIDUCT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oviduct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fallopian tube","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12715":{"preferredName":"Femoral Artery","code":"C12715","definitions":[{"description":"An artery of the thigh; in general it arises from the external iliac artery distal to the inguinal ligment and continues as the popliteal artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An artery that starts within the inguinal region and extends to the lower extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY, FEMORAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FEMORAL ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Femoral Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12716":{"preferredName":"Femoral Vein","code":"C12716","definitions":[{"description":"A vein of the thigh; in general it arises from the popliteal vein and drains into the external iliac vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A vein that starts within the inguinal region and extends to the lower extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FEMORAL VEIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Femoral Vein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Femoral Vein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEIN, FEMORAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12717":{"preferredName":"Femur","code":"C12717","definitions":[{"description":"The bone positioned between the pelvis and the femorotibial joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper leg bone positioned between the pelvis and the knee.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, FEMUR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bone, Femoral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FEMUR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Femoral","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Femur","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Femur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12482":{"preferredName":"Fibroblast","code":"C12482","definitions":[{"description":"A connective tissue cell that makes and secretes collagen proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroblast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroblasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fibroblast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12718":{"preferredName":"Fibula","code":"C12718","definitions":[{"description":"The long bone that is lateral to the tibia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The small, lateral calf bone extending from the knee to the ankle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, FIBULA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FIBULA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibula","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32608":{"preferredName":"Finger","code":"C32608","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the digits of the hand. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the digits of the hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FINGER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Finger","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C25278":{"preferredName":"Fluid","code":"C25278","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that flows smoothly and takes the shape of its container. Liquids and gases are fluids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A continuous amorphous substance that tends to flow and to conform to the outline of its container (i.e., a liquid or a gas). Also used as an adjective to describe something with properties like that of a fluid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32622":{"preferredName":"Foot","code":"C32622","definitions":[{"description":"The entire structure distal to the ankle joint/tarsus, which includes the metatarsus and digit(s).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The structure found below the ankle joint required for locomotion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FOOT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Foot","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Foot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pedal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32628":{"preferredName":"Forearm","code":"C32628","definitions":[{"description":"The structure on the upper limb, between the elbow and the wrist. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The structure on the upper limb, between the elbow and the wrist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FOREARM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Forearm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Forearm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Forearm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C89803":{"preferredName":"Forehead","code":"C89803","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the face between the eyebrows and the normal hairline.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the face between the eyebrows and the normal hairline.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FOREHEAD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Forehead","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Forehead","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Forehead","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C33049":{"preferredName":"Male Prepuce","code":"C33049","definitions":[{"description":"The loose skin that covers the head of the penis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fold of skin covering the tip of the penis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Foreskin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Male Prepuce","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Male Prepuce","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Preputium Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"foreskin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12352":{"preferredName":"Frontal Lobe","code":"C12352","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the brain located anterior to the parietal lobes at the front of each cerebral hemisphere. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the brain located anterior to the parietal lobes at the front of each cerebral hemisphere.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FRONTAL LOBE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Frontal Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Frontal Lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Frontal Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12257":{"preferredName":"Fundus of the Stomach","code":"C12257","definitions":[{"description":"The blind sac region of the glandular stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the stomach that lies above the cardiac notch. It allows for the accumulation of gases produced by chemical digestion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FUNDUS OF THE STOMACH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fundus of Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fundus of the Stomach","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STOMACH, FUNDUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12719":{"preferredName":"Ganglion","code":"C12719","definitions":[{"description":"A cluster of nervous tissue principally composed of neuronal cell bodies external to the central nervous system (CNS). (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"is a macroscopic organ component of one or more nerves, which primarily consists of cell bodies of neurons located outside the central nervous system; together with nerve fibers, it constitutes a nerve or a nerve plexus. Example(s): spinal ganglion, trigeminal ganglion, superior cervical ganglion, celiac ganglion, inferior hypogastric (pelvic) ganglion.","attr":null,"defSource":"UWDA142"},{"description":"A cluster of nervous tissue principally composed of neuronal cell bodies external to the central nervous system (CNS).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GANGLION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ganglia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ganglia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganglion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ganglionic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neural Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neural Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C34082":{"preferredName":"Gastrointestinal Tract","code":"C34082","definitions":[{"description":"The upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract is comprised of mouth, pharynx, esophagus and stomach while the lower GI tract consists of intestines and anus. The primary function of the GI tract is to ingest, digest, absorb and ultimately excrete food stuff. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract is comprised of mouth, pharynx, esophagus and stomach while the lower GI tract consists of intestines and anus. The primary function of the GI tract is to ingest, digest, absorb and ultimately excrete food stuff.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alimentary Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Digestive Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gut","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"digestive tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"gastrointestinal tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12726":{"preferredName":"Inguinal Region","code":"C12726","definitions":[{"description":"The area where the thigh meets the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The lower region of the anterior abdominal wall located laterally to the pubic region. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower region of the anterior abdominal wall located laterally to the pubic region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Groin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Groin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INGUINAL REGION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inguinal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inguinal Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inguinal Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"groin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32712":{"preferredName":"Hand","code":"C32712","definitions":[{"description":"The distal portion of the upper extremity. It consists of the carpus, metacarpus, and digits. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The distal portion of the upper extremity. It consists of the carpus, metacarpus, and digits.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hand","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12230":{"preferredName":"Hard Palate","code":"C12230","definitions":[{"description":"The front, bony part of the roof of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The part of the roof of the mouth supported by bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The bony anterior part of the roof of the mouth separating the nose from the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HARD PALATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hard Palate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hard Palate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PALATE, HARD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"hard palate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12727":{"preferredName":"Heart","code":"C12727","definitions":[{"description":"A hollow muscular organ which receives the blood from the veins and pumps it into the arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A hollow organ located slightly to the left of the middle portion of the chest. It is composed of muscle and it is divided by a septum into two sides: the right side which receives de-oxygenated blood from the body and the left side which sends newly oxygenated blood to the body. Each side is composed of two chambers: the atrium (receiving blood) and ventricle (ejecting blood).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardiac","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEART","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Heart","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heart","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13308":{"preferredName":"Hepatic","code":"C13308","definitions":[{"description":"Refers to the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Pertaining to, affecting, or associated with the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hepatic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32730":{"preferredName":"Hepatic Duct","code":"C32730","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the three ducts associated with the liver including the right hepatic duct, left hepatic duct and common hepatic duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatic Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12266":{"preferredName":"Hepatic Flexure","code":"C12266","definitions":[{"description":"The bend at the junction of the ascending and transverse colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The bend of the colon at the juncture of its ascending and transverse portions.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COLON, HEPATIC FLEXURE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Flexure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatic Flexure of Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Flexure of the Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Right Colic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32736":{"preferredName":"Hepatic Vein","code":"C32736","definitions":[{"description":"The blood vessels that drain blood from the central veins of the liver into the inferior vena cava.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The blood vessels that drain blood from the central veins of the liver into the inferior vena cava.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HEPATIC VEIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatic Vein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C64193":{"preferredName":"Hip","code":"C64193","definitions":[{"description":"The lateral prominence of the pelvis from the waist to the thigh. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lateral prominence of the pelvis from the waist to the thigh.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HIP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12444":{"preferredName":"Hippocampus","code":"C12444","definitions":[{"description":"A curved gray matter structure of the cerebrum that is part of the limbic system.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A curved gray matter structure of the temporal lobe lying on the floor of the lateral ventricle of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, HIPPOCAMPUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HIPPOCAMPUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hippocampal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hippocampus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12731":{"preferredName":"Humerus","code":"C12731","definitions":[{"description":"The bone between the scapulohumeral and humeroulnar joints.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper arm bone between the shoulder and elbow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, HUMERUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bone, Humeral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HUMERUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Humerus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humerus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12387":{"preferredName":"Ileum","code":"C12387","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the small intestine between the jejunum and large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"excludes ileocecal valve C18.0","attr":null,"defSource":"ICDO3"},{"description":"The final section of the small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ILEUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ileum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ileum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMALL INTESTINE, ILEUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32765":{"preferredName":"Ilium","code":"C32765","definitions":[{"description":"The broad, dorsal, upper, and widest of the three principal bones composing either half of the pelvis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The broad, dorsal, upper, and widest of the three principal bones composing either half of the pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, ILIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ILIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Iliac","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ilium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ilium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ilium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C52835":{"preferredName":"Hand Digit 2","code":"C52835","definitions":[{"description":"The second finger from the radial side of the hand, next to the thumb. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The second finger from the radial side of the hand, next to the thumb.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HAND DIGIT 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand Digit 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Index Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Index Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32884":{"preferredName":"Ischium","code":"C32884","definitions":[{"description":"The most posterior and ventral bone making up the pelvis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The most posterior and ventral bone making up the pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISCHIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ischium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ischium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ischium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32885":{"preferredName":"Islet Cell","code":"C32885","definitions":[{"description":"A pancreatic cell that produces hormones (e.g., insulin and glucagon) that are secreted into the bloodstream. These hormones help control the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pancreatic cell that produces and secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Islet Cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"endocrine pancreas cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"islet cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"islets of Langerhans cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C48821":{"preferredName":"Jaw Bone","code":"C48821","definitions":[{"description":"The bones of the skull that frame the mouth and serve to open it; the bones that hold the teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jaw","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jaw Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12388":{"preferredName":"Jejunum","code":"C12388","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the small intestine between the duodenum and ileum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JEJUNUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Jejunum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jejunum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMALL INTESTINE, JEJUNUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C13044":{"preferredName":"Joint","code":"C13044","definitions":[{"description":"In medicine, the place where two or more bones are connected. Examples include the shoulder, elbow, knee, and jaw.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The connection point between two bones or skeletal elements. The joint may be fixed or movable. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"is an organ that constitutes an anatomical junction; it consists of two or more adjacent bones, parts of which are interconnected by organ parts that consist of various types of connective tissue. Together with other joints and bones, a joint constitutes the skeletal system. Example(s): pubic symphysis, knee joint, temporomandibular joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"UWDA142"},{"description":"The connection point between two bones or skeletal elements. The joint may be fixed or movable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Articular","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Articulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Articulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Joints","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32898":{"preferredName":"Knee Joint","code":"C32898","definitions":[{"description":"The joint connecting the lower part of the femur with the upper part of the tibia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A joint connecting the lower part of the femur with the upper part of the tibia. The lower part of the femur and the upper part of the tibia are attached to each other by ligaments. Other structures of the knee joint include the upper part of the fibula, located below and parallel to the tibia, and the patella which moves as the knee bends.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Femorotibial Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"JOINT, FEMOROTIBIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Joint, Stifle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"KNEE JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Knee","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Knee","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Knee Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Knee Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tibiofemoral Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12346":{"preferredName":"Lacrimal Gland","code":"C12346","definitions":[{"description":"A gland that secretes tears. The lacrimal glands are found in the upper, outer part of each eye socket.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The exocrine glands that produce the watery serous component of tears.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Paired, almond-shaped exocrine glands situated superior and posterior to each orbit of the eye that produce and secrete the watery serous component of tears.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, LACRIMAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LACRIMAL GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lacrimal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lacrimal Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lacrimal gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12379":{"preferredName":"Large Intestine","code":"C12379","definitions":[{"description":"The avillous section of the intestine composed of crypts and extending from the terminal small intestine to the external orifice.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The long, tube-like organ that is connected to the small intestine at one end and the anus at the other. The large intestine has four parts: cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal. Partly digested food moves through the cecum into the colon, where water and some nutrients and electrolytes are removed. The remaining material, solid waste called stool, moves through the colon, is stored in the rectum, and leaves the body through the anal canal and anus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A muscular tube that extends from the end of the small intestine to the anus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LARGE INTESTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Large Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Large Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"large intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32974":{"preferredName":"Leg","code":"C32974","definitions":[{"description":"One of the two lower extremities in humans used for locomotion and support. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the two lower extremities in humans used for locomotion and support.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leg","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leg","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leg","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32979":{"preferredName":"Leptomeninges","code":"C32979","definitions":[{"description":"Having to do with the two innermost meninges (thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The two innermost layers of tissue that cover the brain and spinal cord, the arachnoid mater and the pia mater. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The two innermost layers of tissue that cover the brain and spinal cord, the arachnoid mater and the pia mater.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEPTOMENINGES","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leptomeninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leptomeninges","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"leptomeningeal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13046":{"preferredName":"Ligament","code":"C13046","definitions":[{"description":"Band of fibrous tissue connecting bone to bone or cartilage to bone thereby supporting or strengthening a joint. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Band of fibrous tissue connecting bone to bone or cartilage to bone thereby supporting or strengthening a joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Ligament","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LIGAMENT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ligament","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ligament","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ligament","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ligaments","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12392":{"preferredName":"Liver","code":"C12392","definitions":[{"description":"A large organ located in the upper abdomen. The liver cleanses the blood and aids in digestion by secreting bile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An abdominal organ that has variable lobation which are composed mainly of hepatic lobules.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A triangular-shaped organ located under the diaphragm in the right hypochondrium. It is the largest internal organ of the body, weighting up to 2 kg. Metabolism and bile secretion are its main functions. It is composed of cells which have the ability to regenerate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Body System, Hepatic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Body System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Organ System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIVER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ System, Hepatic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liver","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C69314":{"preferredName":"Lumbar Spine","code":"C69314","definitions":[{"description":"The vertebrae located below the thoracic and above the sacral vertebrae.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Those vertebrae between the ribs and the pelvis, L1-L5 in man.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUMBAR SPINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lumbar Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lumbar Spine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12468":{"preferredName":"Lung","code":"C12468","definitions":[{"description":"A thoracic organ that has variable lobation and is the primary respiratory organ of mammals.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of a pair of organs in the chest that supplies the body with oxygen, and removes carbon dioxide from the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"One of a pair of viscera occupying the pulmonary cavities of the thorax, the organs of respiration in which aeration of the blood takes place. As a rule, the right lung is slightly larger than the left and is divided into three lobes (an upper, a middle, and a lower or basal), while the left has two lobes (an upper and a lower or basal). Each lung is irregularly conical in shape, presenting a blunt upper extremity (the apex), a concave base following the curve of the diaphragm, an outer convex surface (costal surface), an inner or mediastinal surface (mediastinal surface), a thin and sharp anterior border, and a thick and rounded posterior border.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LUNG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lungs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Respiratory System, Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12904":{"preferredName":"Axillary Lymph Node","code":"C12904","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node in the armpit region that drains lymph from the breast and nearby areas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Lymph node(s) in the axillary region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of approximately 20-30 lymph nodes in chain formation that traverse the concavity of the underarm to the clavicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AXILLARY LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Axillary Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axillary Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axillary Lymph Nodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axillary Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, AXILLARY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"axillary lymph node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32298":{"preferredName":"Cervical Lymph Node","code":"C32298","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in the cervical region, or neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the lymph nodes located in the neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CERVICAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cervical Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, CERVICAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C106042":{"preferredName":"Distant Lymph Node","code":"C106042","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) that is distant to the anatomic region of interest.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located distant to the anatomic site of interest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DISTANT LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Distant Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C98182":{"preferredName":"Epitrochlear Lymph Node","code":"C98182","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located above and adjacent to the elbow. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located above and adjacent to the elbow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPITROCHLEAR LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epitrochlear Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epitrochlear Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C98183":{"preferredName":"Femoral Lymph Node","code":"C98183","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in the upper inner portion of the thigh. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the upper inner portion of the thigh.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FEMORAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Femoral Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Femoral Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C102330":{"preferredName":"Perihilar Lymph Node","code":"C102330","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in the area around the hilum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the area around the hilum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PERIHILAR LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Perihilar Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103384":{"preferredName":"Common Iliac Lymph Node","code":"C103384","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located adjacent to the common iliac artery. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located adjacent to the common iliac artery. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COMMON ILIAC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Common Iliac Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C88143":{"preferredName":"External Iliac Lymph Node","code":"C88143","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located along the external iliac artery. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located along the external iliac artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EXTERNAL ILIAC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"External Iliac Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Iliac Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32801":{"preferredName":"Inguinal Lymph Node","code":"C32801","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in the inguinal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A superficial or deep lymph node located in the inguinal area.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INGUINAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inguinal Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inguinal Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, INGUINAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32853":{"preferredName":"Internal Mammary Lymph Node","code":"C32853","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in or adjacent to the mammary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the lymph nodes of the breast located under the ribcage, near the sternum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INTERNAL MAMMARY LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Internal Mammary Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Internal Mammary Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, MAMMARY GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C137678":{"preferredName":"Intramammary Lymph Node","code":"C137678","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the lymph nodes located within the breast parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intramammary Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intramammary Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C77641":{"preferredName":"Mesenteric Lymph Node","code":"C77641","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in or adjacent to the mesentery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the mesentery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, MESENTERIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MESENTERIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesenteric Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesenteric Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C98188":{"preferredName":"Occipital Lymph Node","code":"C98188","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in the back of the head adjacent to the trapezius muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the back of the head adjacent to the trapezius muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OCCIPITAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Occipital Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Occipital Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C77643":{"preferredName":"Paraaortic Lymph Node","code":"C77643","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) adjacent to the lumbar vertebral column.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located adjacent to the lumbar region of the spine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aortic Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, LUMBAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node, Para-Aortic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PARA-AORTIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Paraaortic Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraaortic Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33278":{"preferredName":"Parotid Gland Lymph Node","code":"C33278","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in or adjacent to the parotid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located close to, on, or within the parotid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, PAROTID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PAROTID GLAND LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Parotid Gland Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parotid Gland Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parotid Gland Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12363":{"preferredName":"Pelvic Lymph Node","code":"C12363","definitions":[{"description":"Any lymph node within the pelvic region. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any lymph node within the abdominal pelvic region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PELVIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pelvic Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvic Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvic Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pelvic Lymph Nodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C53146":{"preferredName":"Popliteal Lymph Node","code":"C53146","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) adjacent to the femorotibial joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Lymph node located within the fat layer of the knee joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, POPLITEAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"POPLITEAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Popliteal Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Popliteal Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49018":{"preferredName":"Regional Lymph Node","code":"C49018","definitions":[{"description":"In oncology, a lymph node that drains lymph from the region around a tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Lymph node(s) that drains the lymph from a region of interest.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node that drains lymph from a region of interest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, REGIONAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"REGIONAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Regional Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Regional Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"regional lymph node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C98189":{"preferredName":"Retroperitoneal Lymph Node","code":"C98189","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in the retroperitoneal space. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the retroperitoneal space.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RETROPERITONEAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneal Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneal Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C89780":{"preferredName":"Scalene Lymph Node","code":"C89780","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in proximity to any of the scalene muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Scalene Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scalene Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C142320":{"preferredName":"Splenic Lymph Node","code":"C142320","definitions":[{"description":"Any lymph node located along the splenic artery that receives afferent drainage from the pancreas, spleen, and stomach, and which generally has their efferents join the celiac group of preaortic lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any lymph node located along the splenic artery that receives afferent drainage from the pancreas, spleen, and stomach, and which generally has their efferents join the celiac group of preaortic lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SPLENIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Splenic Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C63705":{"preferredName":"Infraclavicular Lymph Node","code":"C63705","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in the area below the clavicle. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the area below the clavicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Deltopectoral Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deltopectoral Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INFRACLAVICULAR LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Infraclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infraclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infraclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Infraclavicular Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Subclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subclavicular Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C77650":{"preferredName":"Submandibular Lymph Node","code":"C77650","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) adjacent to the mandible.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located beneath the floor of the oral cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, MANDIBULAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node, Submandibular","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SUBMANDIBULAR LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Submandibular Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Submandibular Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12903":{"preferredName":"Supraclavicular Lymph Node","code":"C12903","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node which is located above the clavicle. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Lymph nodes located above the clavicle (collarbone).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A lymph node which is located above the clavicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SUPRACLAVICULAR LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Supraclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supraclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supraclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Supraclavicular Lymph Nodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"supraclavicular lymph node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33073":{"preferredName":"Mediastinal Lymph Node","code":"C33073","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in the mediastinal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the mediastinum. Mediastinal lymph nodes are arranged in three groups, one on the lateral, another on the medial, and a third on the anterior aspect of the vessels; the third group is, however, sometimes absent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, MEDIASTINAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mediastinal Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediastinal Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12290":{"preferredName":"Mandible","code":"C12290","definitions":[{"description":"The lower jaw bone holding the lower teeth. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower jaw bone holding the lower teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, MANDIBLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bone, Mandibular","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inferior Maxillary Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inferior Maxillary Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower Jaw","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lower Jaw","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MANDIBLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mandible","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mandible","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mandible","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mandibular","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26470":{"preferredName":"Maxilla","code":"C26470","definitions":[{"description":"The upper jaw bone holding the upper teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper jawbone in vertebrates; it is fused to the cranium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, MAXILLA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MAXILLA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Maxilla","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maxilla","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maxillary","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper Jaw","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12748":{"preferredName":"Mediastinum","code":"C12748","definitions":[{"description":"The area between the lungs. The organs in this area include the heart and its large blood vessels, the trachea, the esophagus, the thymus, and lymph nodes but not the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The central region of the thoracic cavity of mammals containing a group of organs surrounded by loose connective tissue, which separates the two pleural sacs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A group of organs surrounded by loose connective tissue, separating the two pleural sacs, between the sternum anteriorly and the vertebral column posteriorly as well as from the thoracic inlet superiorly to the diaphragm inferiorly. The mediastinum contains the heart and pericardium, the bases of the great vessels, the trachea and bronchi, esophagus, thymus, lymph nodes, thoracic duct, phrenic and vagus nerves, and other structures and tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEDIASTINUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mediastinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediastinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mediastinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33103":{"preferredName":"Mesentery","code":"C33103","definitions":[{"description":"A double layer of peritoneum that attaches to the wall of the abdominal cavity and supports the small intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The peritoneal membrane that attaches the intestines to the abdominal wall near the back.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A double layer of peritoneum that attaches to the back wall of the abdominal cavity and supports the small intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MESENTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesenteric Membrane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesentery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesentery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mesenteric membrane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33105":{"preferredName":"Mesothelium","code":"C33105","definitions":[{"description":"A simple layer of cells, derived from the mesoderm that lines the coelom or body cavity of the embryo. In the adult, it covers all true serous membranes (peritoneum, pericardium, pleura).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52836":{"preferredName":"Hand Digit 3","code":"C52836","definitions":[{"description":"The middle or third finger from the radial side of the hand. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The middle or third finger from the radial side of the hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HAND DIGIT 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand Digit 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Middle Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13258":{"preferredName":"Mitochondrion","code":"C13258","definitions":[{"description":"Small structures in a cell that are found in the cytoplasm (fluid that surrounds the cell nucleus). Mitochondria make most of the energy for the cell and have their own genetic material that is different from the genetic material found in the nucleus. Many diseases are caused by mutations (changes) in the DNA of mitochondria. Mitochondria are cell organelles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Mitochondria contain distinctive ribosomes, transfer RNAs, amino acyl t-RNA synthetases, and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus for many essential messenger RNAs. Mitochondria consist of two sets of membranes, a smooth continuous outer coat and an inner membrane arranged in tubules or more often in folds that form platelike double membranes (cristae). Mitochondria are the principal energy source of the cell and contains the cytochrome enzymes of terminal electron transport and the enzymes of the citric acid cycle, fatty acid oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mitochondria","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitochondrial","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitochondrion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mitochondria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13056":{"preferredName":"Muscle","code":"C13056","definitions":[{"description":"A fibrous soft tissue with the ability to contract to produce force and motion.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the contractile organs of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muscular","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33156":{"preferredName":"Nail","code":"C33156","definitions":[{"description":"The cutaneous plate on the dorsal surface of the distal end of a finger or toe. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The cutaneous plate on the dorsal surface of the distal end of a finger or toe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NAIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nail","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nail","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nail","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nail Apparatus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12424":{"preferredName":"Nasal Cavity","code":"C12424","definitions":[{"description":"The upper respiratory tract extending from the nares to the pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The proximal portion of the respiratory passages on either side of the nasal septum lying between the floor of the cranium and the roof of the mouth and extending from the face to the pharynx. The nasal cavity is lined with ciliated mucosa, extending from the nares to the pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BODY CAVITY, NASAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"NASAL CAVITY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nasal Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasal Cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13063":{"preferredName":"Neck","code":"C13063","definitions":[{"description":"The region that connects the head to the rest of the body. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The region that connects the head to the rest of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NECK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12466":{"preferredName":"Nerve","code":"C12466","definitions":[{"description":"A bundle of fibers that receives and sends messages between the body and the brain. The messages are sent by chemical and electrical changes in the cells that make up the nerves.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bundle of neuronal fibers that transmits electrochemical impulses encoding sensory and motor information from one body part to another.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Part of the peripheral nervous system composed of bundles of nerve fibers running to various organs and tissues of the body using chemical and electrical signals to transmit sensory and motor information from one body part to another.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12700":{"preferredName":"Cranial Nerve","code":"C12700","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the 12 paired nerves that originate in the brain stem. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the 12 paired nerves that originate in the brain stem.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRANIAL NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NERVE, CRANIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12355":{"preferredName":"Occipital Lobe","code":"C12355","definitions":[{"description":"One of the four regions of cortex in each cerebral hemisphere, located posterior to the temporal lobe and inferior to the parietal lobe.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the four regions of cortex in each cerebral hemisphere. It is located posterior to the temporal lobe and inferior to the parietal lobe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OCCIPITAL LOBE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Occipital Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Occipital Lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12347":{"preferredName":"Orbit","code":"C12347","definitions":[{"description":"The bony cavity that contains the eye and its associated structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The bony cavity of the skull which contains the eye, anterior portion of the optic nerve, ocular muscles and ocular adnexa. Seven bones contribute to the structure of the orbit: the frontal, maxillary, zygomatic, sphenoid, lacrimal, ethmoid, and palatine bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BODY CAVITY, ORBITAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eye Socket","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eye Socket","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORBIT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ocular Orbit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ocular Orbit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orbit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orbit","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orbit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Orbital Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33209":{"preferredName":"Omentum","code":"C33209","definitions":[{"description":"A double layer of peritoneum covering abdominal organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A fold of the peritoneum (the thin tissue that lines the abdomen) that surrounds the stomach and other organs in the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fold of peritoneum originating at the stomach and supporting the viscera.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OMENTUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Omental Fat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Omentum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Omentum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"omentum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C77637":{"preferredName":"Oral Mucosa","code":"C77637","definitions":[{"description":"The mucosal membranes that line the oral cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Moist tissue lining the oral cavity, containing mucous secreting glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUCOSA, ORAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ORAL MUCOSA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oral Mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12765":{"preferredName":"Parathyroid Gland","code":"C12765","definitions":[{"description":"Endocrine gland, usually in close proximity to the thyroid gland, that produces parathyroid hormone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of two small paired endocrine glands, superior and inferior, usually found embedded in the connective tissue capsule on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland; these glands secrete parathyroid hormone that regulates the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus. The parenchyma is composed of chief and oxyphilic cells arranged in anastomosing cords.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, PARATHYROID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Head and Neck, Parathyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARATHYROID GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Parathyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parathyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parathyroid Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"parathyroid gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33282":{"preferredName":"Patella","code":"C33282","definitions":[{"description":"A small bone in front of the femorotibial joint that articulates with the femur.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A small flat triangular bone in front of the knee that articulates with the femur and protects the knee joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, PATELLA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PATELLA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Patella","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12767":{"preferredName":"Pelvis","code":"C12767","definitions":[{"description":"The bony, basin-shaped structure formed by the bones of the pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower part of the abdomen, located between the hip bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The bony, basin-shaped structure formed by the hipbones and the base of the backbone supporting the lower limbs in humans.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BODY CAVITY, PELVIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PELVIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pelvic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvic Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvic Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pelvis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"pelvic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pelvis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13005":{"preferredName":"Pericardium","code":"C13005","definitions":[{"description":"The membrane surrounding the heart and roots of the vessels at the base of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A conical membranous sac filled with serous fluid in which the heart as well as the roots of the aorta and other large blood vessels are contained.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Pericardium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PERICARDIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pericardium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pericardium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12769":{"preferredName":"Peritoneal Cavity","code":"C12769","definitions":[{"description":"A part of the abdominal cavity that lies between the visceral and parietal peritoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The space within the abdomen that contains the intestines, the stomach, and the liver. It is bound by thin membranes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The lower part of the abdomen that contains the intestines (the last part of the digestive tract), the stomach, and the liver. It is bound by thin membranes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BODY CAVITY, PERITONEAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PERITONEAL CAVITY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Peritoneal Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peritoneal Cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"peritoneal cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12770":{"preferredName":"Peritoneum","code":"C12770","definitions":[{"description":"The membrane that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The tissue that lines the abdominal wall and covers most of the organs in the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tissue that lines the wall of the abdominal cavity, intestine, and mesentery. It consists of the parietal peritoneum that covers the inside of the abdominal wall and the visceral peritoneum that covers the surface of the intestine and mesentery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Peritoneal Membrane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PERITONEUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Peritoneum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peritoneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"peritoneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12425":{"preferredName":"Pharynx","code":"C12425","definitions":[{"description":"A passageway in the head and neck that includes the nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The hollow tube inside the neck that starts behind the nose and ends at the top of the trachea (windpipe) and esophagus (the tube that goes to the stomach). The pharynx is about 5 inches long, depending on body size.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A hollow tube that starts posterior to the mouth and nasal cavity and ends superior to the trachea and esophagus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PHARYNX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12398":{"preferredName":"Pineal Gland","code":"C12398","definitions":[{"description":"A small endocrine gland that arises from the central posterior aspect of the diencephalon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tiny organ in the cerebrum that produces melatonin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small endocrine gland in the brain, situated beneath the back part of the corpus callosum, that secretes melatonin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, PINEAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PINEAL GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pineal body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pineal gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pineal organ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12399":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland","code":"C12399","definitions":[{"description":"A small endocrine gland extending from the hypothalamus at the base of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The main endocrine gland. It produces hormones that control other glands and many body functions, especially growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Pea-sized endocrine gland located at the base of the brain in the pituitary fossa. It produces and secretes hormones such as oxytocin and vasopressin, to regulate the activities of the hypothalamus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, PITUITARY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypophysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypophysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypophysis Cerebri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypophysis Cerebri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nervous System, Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PITUITARY GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pituitary gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12469":{"preferredName":"Pleura","code":"C12469","definitions":[{"description":"A thin layer of tissue that covers the lungs and lines the interior wall of the chest cavity. It protects and cushions the lungs. This tissue secretes a small amount of fluid that acts as a lubricant, allowing the lungs to move smoothly in the chest cavity while breathing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The serous membrane that lines the wall of the thoracic cavity and the surface of the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The tissue that lines the wall of the thoracic cavity and the surface of the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLEURA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PLEURA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLEURAL TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pleura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pleura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C103222":{"preferredName":"Popliteal Fossa","code":"C103222","definitions":[{"description":"A diamond-shaped depression located in the back of the knee joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Popliteal Fossa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Popliteal Fossa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Popliteal Fossa Structure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12260":{"preferredName":"Pylorus","code":"C12260","definitions":[{"description":"The region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower part of the stomach that connects to the duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pylorus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pylorus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STOMACH, PYLORUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12343":{"preferredName":"Retina","code":"C12343","definitions":[{"description":"A light-sensitive membrane that lines the back wall of the eyeball. The retina is continuous with the optic nerve and this way transmits optical images to the brain. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of the eye that receive images and sends them as electric signals through the optic nerve to the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A light-sensitive membrane that lines the back wall of the eyeball. The retina is continuous with the optic nerve and this way transmits optical images to the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RETINA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Retina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"retina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C54155":{"preferredName":"Retro-Orbital Region","code":"C54155","definitions":[{"description":"The area of the body behind the orbit of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retro-Orbital Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retro-Orbital Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12298":{"preferredName":"Retroperitoneum","code":"C12298","definitions":[{"description":"The region of the abdomen outside the peritoneum, where the kidneys lie and the great blood vessels run.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The back of the abdomen where the kidneys lie and the great blood vessels run.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RETROPERITONEUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneal Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneal Space","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12782":{"preferredName":"Rib","code":"C12782","definitions":[{"description":"Any one of the paired bones, extending from the thoracic vertebrae toward the median line on the ventral aspect of the trunk.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any one of the paired bones, 12 on either side, extending from the thoracic vertebrae toward the median line on the ventral aspect of the trunk. The long curved bones which form the rib cage. Generally, ribs 1 to 7 are connected to the sternum by their costal cartilages and are called true ribs, whereas ribs 8 to 12 are termed false ribs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, RIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52837":{"preferredName":"Hand Digit 4","code":"C52837","definitions":[{"description":"The fourth finger from the radial side of the hand. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fourth finger from the radial side of the hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HAND DIGIT 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand Digit 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ring Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ring Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33508":{"preferredName":"Sacrum","code":"C33508","definitions":[{"description":"The large, triangle-shaped bone in the lower spine that forms part of the pelvis. It is made of 5 fused bones of the spine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The triangular bone, made up of 5 fused bones of the spine, located in the lower area of the spine between the fifth lumbar vertebra and the coccyx. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The triangular bone, made up of 5 fused bones of the spine, located in the lower area of the spine between the fifth lumbar vertebra and the coccyx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"S Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SACRUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sacral","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sacral Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sacrum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sacrum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sacrum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"sacrum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12426":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland","code":"C12426","definitions":[{"description":"A gland in the mouth that produces saliva.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any number of exocrine glands that secrete saliva into the oral cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An exocrine gland that secretes saliva. Salivary glands are mostly located in and around the oral cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, SALIVARY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Head and Neck, Salivary Glands","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SALIVARY GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Glands","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"salivary gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C89807":{"preferredName":"Scalp","code":"C89807","definitions":[{"description":"The skin which covers the top of the head and which is usually covered by hair. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The skin which covers the top of the head and which is usually covered by hair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SCALP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Scalp","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scalp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12783":{"preferredName":"Scapula","code":"C12783","definitions":[{"description":"A bone that articulates with the humerus and is part of the scapulohumeral joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of a pair of triangular bones at the back of the shoulder. The scapula connects the collarbone with the upper arm bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The flat triangle-shaped bone that connects the humerus with the clavicle in the back of the shoulder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, SCAPULA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SCAPULA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Scapula","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scapula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shoulder Blade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Shoulder Blade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"scapula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"shoulder blade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C52810":{"preferredName":"Sciatic Nerve","code":"C52810","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve arising from the merge of the lumbar and sacral rami in the pelvis and dividing into the common peroneal and tibial nerves, and which innervates the muscles of the thigh.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The longest single nerve that is formed by the merging of the ventral rami of the L4, L5, and S1 in the pelvis and passes down the lower limb where it divides into the common peroneal and tibial nerves.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NERVE, SCIATIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SCIATIC NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sciatic Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12785":{"preferredName":"Scrotum","code":"C12785","definitions":[{"description":"In males, the external sac that contains the testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The pouch that encloses the testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The musculocutaneous pouch that encloses the testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SCROTUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Scrotum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scrotum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"scrotum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12787":{"preferredName":"Seminal Vesicle","code":"C12787","definitions":[{"description":"A gland that helps produce semen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mammalian male reproductive accessory gland located adjacent to the urinary bladder and proximal to the prostate.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the two paired glands in the male genitourinary system, posterior to the bladder and superior to the prostate gland, that produces fructose-rich seminal fluid which is a component of semen. These glands join the ipsilateral ductus deferens to form the ejaculatory duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, SEMINAL VESICLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SEMINAL VESICLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Seminal Sacs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Seminal Sacs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seminal Vesicle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seminal Vesicles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"seminal vesicle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C25203":{"preferredName":"Shoulder","code":"C25203","definitions":[{"description":"The region of the body between the neck and the upper arm. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The region of the body between the neck and the upper arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SHOULDER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Shoulder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shoulder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shoulder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12384":{"preferredName":"Sigmoid Colon","code":"C12384","definitions":[{"description":"The S-shaped section of the colon that connects to the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the colon that connects to the descending colon above and the rectum below. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the colon that connects to the descending colon above and the rectum below.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COLON, SIGMOID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sigmoid Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sigmoid Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sigmoid Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"sigmoid colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33556":{"preferredName":"Sinus","code":"C33556","definitions":[{"description":"A cavity, space, or channel in the body. Examples include hollow spaces in the bones at the front of the skull, and channels for blood and lymph. Sinuses may also be found in the heart, brain, and other organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recess, cavity, or channel. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A recess, cavity, or channel.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SINUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12275":{"preferredName":"Maxillary Sinus","code":"C12275","definitions":[{"description":"A pyramidal-shaped, thin-walled, air-filled cavity located in the maxilla. It is lined by mucus membrane and periosteum (mucoperiosteum) which contains cilia. It is adjacent to the nasal cavity and communicates with the middle meatus of the nose. It is the largest paranasal sinus and is composed of three recesses: alveolar, zygomatic, and infraorbital. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of paranasal sinus (a hollow space in the bones around the nose). There are two large maxillary sinuses, one in each of the maxillary bones, which are in the cheek area next to the nose. The maxillary sinuses are lined with cells that make mucus to keep the nose from drying out.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyramidal-shaped, thin-walled, air-filled cavity located in the maxilla. It is lined by mucus membrane and periosteum (mucoperiosteum) which contains cilia. It is adjacent to the nasal cavity and communicates with the middle meatus of the nose. It is the largest paranasal sinus and is composed of three recesses: alveolar, zygomatic, and infraorbital.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antrum Highmori","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antrum of Highmore","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antrum of Highmori","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antrum, Maxillary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apertura Sinus Maxillaris","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAXILLARY SINUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Maxillary Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maxillary Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maxillary Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sinus, Maxillary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"maxillary sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13050":{"preferredName":"Skeletal Muscle Tissue","code":"C13050","definitions":[{"description":"Voluntary, striated muscle tissue predominantly associated with the skeleton.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Striated muscles that are under voluntary control of the organism. They are connected at either or both ends to a bone and are utilized for locomotion and other movements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUSCLE, SKELETAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skeletal Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skeletal Muscle Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skeletal Muscle Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12789":{"preferredName":"Skull","code":"C12789","definitions":[{"description":"The bones that form the head, made up of the bones of the braincase and face. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The bones that form the head, made up of the bones of the braincase and face.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, SKULL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cranium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cranium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKULL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skull","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skull","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33568":{"preferredName":"Small Intestinal Mucosa","code":"C33568","definitions":[{"description":"Mucosa arranged into two fundamental structures - villi and crypts of Lieberkuhn. Villi are projections into the lumen of the small intestine, covered with simple columnar epithelium. Crypts of Lieberkuhn are moat-like invaginations of the epithelium around the villi that extend through the lamina propria down to the muscularis mucosae. Lymphocytes often invade the epithelium or form solitary lymphoid nodules in the lamina propria. Lymph nodules may form longitudinal aggregations of 30-50 nodules in the lamina propria of the ileum. These large aggregations are called Peyer's patches. The muscularis mucosae has two layers and extends into the intestinal villi, where the smooth muscle cells form a longitudinal bundle in the centre of the villi. The small intestinal mucosa secretes gastrin, somatostatin, cholecystokinin and secretin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Intestinal Mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52838":{"preferredName":"Hand Digit 5","code":"C52838","definitions":[{"description":"The fifth and smallest finger from the radial side of the hand. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fifth and smallest finger from the radial side of the hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HAND DIGIT 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand Digit 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Little Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Little Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pinkie","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12471":{"preferredName":"Soft Tissue","code":"C12471","definitions":[{"description":"Refers to muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, or other supporting tissue of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Refers to muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, organ parenchyma, or other supporting tissue of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A general term comprising tissue that is not hardened or calcified; including muscle, fat, blood vessels, nerves, tendons, ligaments and fascia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SOFT TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"soft tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12998":{"preferredName":"Vertebral Column","code":"C12998","definitions":[{"description":"The bones, muscles, tendons, and other tissues that reach from the base of the skull to the tailbone. The spinal column encloses the spinal cord and the fluid surrounding the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The series of vertebrae and other tissues extending from the skull to the last tailbone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A series of bones, muscles, tendons, and other tissues reaching from the base of the skull to the tailbone. The vertebral column forms the axis of the skeleton and encloses as well as protects the spinal cord and the fluid surrounding the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SPINAL COLUMN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Spinal Column","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERTEBRAL COLUMN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vertebral Column","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vertebral Column","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vertebral Column","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"backbone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"spinal column","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"spine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"vertebral column","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12464":{"preferredName":"Spinal Cord","code":"C12464","definitions":[{"description":"A column of nerve tissue that runs from the base of the skull down the back. It is surrounded by three protective membranes, and is enclosed within the vertebrae (back bones). The spinal cord and the brain make up the central nervous system, and spinal cord nerves carry most messages between the brain and the rest of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the central nervous system that lies within the vertebral canal and from which the spinal nerves emerge.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The elongated, approximately cylindrical part of the central nervous system of vertebrates that lies in the vertebral canal and from which the spinal nerves emerge.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulla Spinalis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medulla Spinalis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPINAL CORD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Spinal Cord","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spinal Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"spinal cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12432":{"preferredName":"Spleen","code":"C12432","definitions":[{"description":"An abdominal organ that is part of the hematopoietic and immune systems. It is composed of the white pulp and the red pulp and is surrounded by a capsule.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An organ that is part of the lymphatic system. The spleen produces lymphocytes, filters the blood, stores blood cells, and destroys old blood cells. It is located on the left side of the abdomen near the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An organ that is part of the hematopoietic and immune systems. It is composed of the white pulp and the red pulp and is surrounded by a capsule. It is located in the left hypochondriac region. Its functions include lymphocyte production, blood cell storage, and blood cell destruction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Reticuloendothelial System, Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPLEEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spleen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"spleen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"splenic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12267":{"preferredName":"Splenic Flexure","code":"C12267","definitions":[{"description":"The bend at the junction of the transverse and descending colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The bend at the junction of the transverse and descending colon.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COLON, SPLENIC FLEXURE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Left Colic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Left Colic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Flexure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Splenic Flexure of Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12793":{"preferredName":"Sternum","code":"C12793","definitions":[{"description":"The long flat bone that forms the center front of the chest wall. The sternum is attached to the collarbone and the first seven ribs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The long, flat bone or sternebrae connecting with the cartilage of some ribs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The long, flat bone connecting with the cartilages of the first seven ribs and the clavicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, STERNUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"STERNUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sterna","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sternum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sternum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"breastbone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sternum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32656":{"preferredName":"Gastric Mucosa","code":"C32656","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric Mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33645":{"preferredName":"Subcutis","code":"C33645","definitions":[{"description":"Adipose and connective tissue located deep to the dermis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Adipose tissue located under the dermis. It binds underlying structures with the skin. The subcutis is important in the regulation of temperature of the skin itself and the body. The size of this layer varies throughout the body and from person to person.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SUBCUTIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12473":{"preferredName":"Synovial Membrane","code":"C12473","definitions":[{"description":"A layer of connective tissue that lines the cavities of joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae (fluid-filled sacs between tendons and bones). The synovial membrane makes synovial fluid, which has a lubricating function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The connective tissue and synoviocytes that line the inner surface of the joint capsule.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The inner layer of the connective tissue that seals the joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Synovial Membrane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovial Membrane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"synovial membrane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12353":{"preferredName":"Temporal Lobe","code":"C12353","definitions":[{"description":"The second largest of the four cerebral lobes, the temporal lobe is approximately twenty two percent of the total neocortical volume. The temporal lobe can be divided into two main sections: first, the neocortex, comprising its lateral and inferolateral surfaces, and its standard cerebral cortex; and, second, the mesial temporal lobe, which is sometimes referred to as the limbic lobe, and includes the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the parahippocampal gyrus. Grossly, the lobe extends superiorly to the Sylvian fissure, and posteriorly to an imaginary line, the lateral parietotemporal line, which separates the temporal lobe from the inferior parietal lobule superiorly and the occipital lobe inferiorly. The middle cranial fossa forms its anterior and inferior boundaries.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the cerebral lobes. It is located inferior to the frontal and parietal lobes and anterior to the occipital lobe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TEMPORAL LOBE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Temporal Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temporal Lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13045":{"preferredName":"Tendon","code":"C13045","definitions":[{"description":"A band of fibrous connective tissue that joins bone to muscle. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Tough, fibrous, cord-like tissue that connects muscle to bone or another structure, such as an eyeball. Tendons help the bone or structure to move.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A band of fibrous connective tissue that joins bone to muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Tendon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TENDON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tendon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tendon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tendons","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tendon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33763":{"preferredName":"Thigh","code":"C33763","definitions":[{"description":"A part of the lower limb, located between hip and knee. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A part of the lower limb, located between hip and knee.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"THIGH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thigh","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thigh","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thigh","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C69315":{"preferredName":"Thoracic Spine","code":"C69315","definitions":[{"description":"The vertebrae of the thoracic spine, numbered one through twelve in humans.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The vertebrae of the thoracic spine, numbered one through twelve in man.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THORACIC SPINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thoracic Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thoracic Spine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12799":{"preferredName":"Thorax","code":"C12799","definitions":[{"description":"The division of the body lying between the neck and the abdomen. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The division of the body lying between the neck and the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"THORAX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thorax","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorax","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C54272":{"preferredName":"Throat","code":"C54272","definitions":[{"description":"The hollow tube inside the neck that starts behind the nose and ends at the top of the trachea (windpipe) and esophagus (the tube that goes to the stomach). The throat is about 5 inches long, depending on body size.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The narrow passage from the mouth to the cavity at the back of the mouth. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The narrow passage from the mouth to the cavity at the back of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"THROAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Throat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Throat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Throat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"throat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C52834":{"preferredName":"Hand Digit 1","code":"C52834","definitions":[{"description":"The thick and short hand digit which is next to the index finger in humans. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The thick and short hand digit which is next to the index finger in humans.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HAND DIGIT 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand Digit 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thumb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thumb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12800":{"preferredName":"Tibia","code":"C12800","definitions":[{"description":"The larger of two bones between the knee and ankle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The long bone that is medial to the fibula.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A bone located between the femur and the tarsus, being part of the lower leg.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, TIBIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"TIBIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tibia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tibia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"shinbone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"tibia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12422":{"preferredName":"Tongue","code":"C12422","definitions":[{"description":"The muscular organ in the mouth used in taste perception and food ingestion.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The muscular organ located in the floor of the mouth and serving as the principal organ of taste and modification of the voice in speech.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TONGUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tongue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12385":{"preferredName":"Transverse Colon","code":"C12385","definitions":[{"description":"The third division of the colon (large intestine). It communicates with the ascending colon in the upper right-hand quadrant of the abdomen and the descending colon in the upper left-hand quadrant. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The third division of the colon (large intestine). It communicates with the ascending colon in the upper right-hand quadrant of the abdomen and the descending colon in the upper left-hand quadrant.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COLON, TRANSVERSE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Transverse Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transverse Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transverse Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C33816":{"preferredName":"Trunk","code":"C33816","definitions":[{"description":"The body excluding the head, neck and appendages.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The body excluding the head and neck and limbs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRUNK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Torso","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trunk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trunk","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C34320":{"preferredName":"Umbilical Cord","code":"C34320","definitions":[{"description":"Extraembryonic structure that connects the fetus to the placenta.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Extraembryonic structure that connects the fetus to the placenta. It contains two arteries and one vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"UMBILICAL CORD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Umbilical Cord","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Umbilical Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12417":{"preferredName":"Urethra","code":"C12417","definitions":[{"description":"The tube that extends from the urinary bladder to the urethral opening.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The tube through which urine leaves the body. It empties urine from the bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tube carrying urine from the bladder to outside of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"URETHRA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Urethra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urethra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"urethra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12413":{"preferredName":"Urinary System","code":"C12413","definitions":[{"description":"The organs involved in the creation and excretion of urine. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The organs of the body that produce and discharge urine. These include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The organs involved in the creation and excretion of urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Body System, Renal/Urologic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ System, Renal/Urologic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal/Urologic Body System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal/Urologic Organ System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"URINARY SYSTEM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Urinary System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Urologic/Renal Body System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"urinary tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12232":{"preferredName":"Uvula","code":"C12232","definitions":[{"description":"The soft flap of tissue that hangs down at the back of the mouth (at the edge of the soft palate).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The fleshy lobe that hangs at the back of the soft palate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Palatine Uvula","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uvula","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uvula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"palatine uvula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"uvula","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12813":{"preferredName":"Vas Deferens","code":"C12813","definitions":[{"description":"A coiled tube that carries the sperm out of the testes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A duct carrying spermatozoa from the epididymides to the urethra.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Duct carrying spermatozoa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ductus Deferens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"VAS DEFERENS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vas Deferens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vas Deferens","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vas deferens","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12814":{"preferredName":"Vein","code":"C12814","definitions":[{"description":"A blood vessel that carries blood to the heart from tissues and organs in the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VEIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Venous","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C25291":{"preferredName":"Venous","code":"C25291","definitions":[{"description":"Of, or pertaining to, or contained in, or performing the function of the veins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Venous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12933":{"preferredName":"Vertebra","code":"C12933","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the ring-shaped bony structures that constitute the spinal column and surround the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vertebra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vertebra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vertebrae","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12529":{"preferredName":"Leukocyte","code":"C12529","definitions":[{"description":"A type of immune cell. Most leukocytes are made in the bone marrow and are found in the blood and lymph tissue. Leukocytes help the body fight infections and other diseases. Granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes are leukocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Blood cells that are devoid of hemoglobin, capable of amoeboid motion and phagocytosis, and act as the principal components of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Blood cells that are devoid of hemoglobin, capable of ameboid motion and phagocytosis, and act as the principal components of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEUKOCYTE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leukocyte","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukocyte","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukocytes","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leukocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reticuloendothelial System, Leukocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WBC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"White Blood Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"White Blood Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"White Blood Corpuscle","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"White Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"leukocyte","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"white blood cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33894":{"preferredName":"Wrist Joint","code":"C33894","definitions":[{"description":"A joint between the distal end of the radius and the proximal row of carpal bones. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A joint between the distal end of the radius and the proximal row of carpal bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carpal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiocarpal Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Radiocarpal Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WRIST JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Wrist","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wrist Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wrist Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9338":{"preferredName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Neoplasm","code":"C9338","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in the tissues of the adrenal glands (two glands located just above the kidneys). The adrenal glands make hormones that control heart rate, blood pressure, and other important body functions. Adrenal cancer that starts in the outside layer of the adrenal gland is called adrenocortical carcinoma. Adrenal cancer that starts in the center of the adrenal gland is called malignant pheochromocytoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the adrenal gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"adrenal cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C27814":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Carcinoma","code":"C27814","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in a bile duct. A bile duct is a tube that carries bile (fluid made by the liver that helps digest fat) between the liver and gallbladder and the intestine. Bile ducts include the common hepatic, cystic, and common bile ducts. Bile duct cancer may be found inside the liver (intrahepatic) or outside the liver (extrahepatic).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile duct. Carcinomas that arise from the intrahepatic bile ducts and the hepatic ducts are called cholangiocarcinomas and are almost always adenocarcinomas. Carcinomas that arise from the extrahepatic bile ducts are adenocarcinomas, adenosquamous carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, small cell carcinomas, or mucoepidermoid carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Duct Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Cancer (including Cholangiocarcinoma)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"bile duct cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4912":{"preferredName":"Bladder Carcinoma","code":"C4912","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the bladder (the organ that stores urine). Most bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas (cancer that begins in cells that normally make up the inner lining of the bladder). Other types include squamous cell carcinoma (cancer that begins in thin, flat cells) and adenocarcinoma (cancer that begins in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids). The cells that form squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma develop in the inner lining of the bladder as a result of chronic irritation and inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the bladder epithelium. Approximately 90% of the bladder carcinomas are transitional cell carcinomas. The remainder are squamous cell carcinomas, adenocarcinomas and small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bladder Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bladder Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bladder Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Bladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cancer of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Urinary Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Urinary Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary Bladder Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary Bladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bladder cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C116915":{"preferredName":"Liquid Tumor","code":"C116915","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant tumor that originates from myeloid or lymphoid cells i.e., leukemias and lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liquid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liquid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4016":{"preferredName":"Malignant Bone Neoplasm","code":"C4016","definitions":[{"description":"A solid malignant neoplasm that develops or arises in the bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Primary bone cancer is cancer that forms in cells of the bone. Some types of primary bone cancer are osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and chondrosarcoma. Secondary bone cancer is cancer that spreads to the bone from another part of the body (such as the prostate, breast, or lung).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the bone or articular cartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bone Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bone Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Bone Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cancer of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Bone Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Bone Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Bone Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Bone Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Osseous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Osseous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osseous Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bone cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3568":{"preferredName":"Malignant Brain Neoplasm","code":"C3568","definitions":[{"description":"An abnormal solid mass arising within the brain with histologic features suggesting the potential to metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brain Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brain Neoplasms, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4872":{"preferredName":"Breast Carcinoma","code":"C4872","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm that develops or arises in breast tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the breast, usually the ducts (tubes that carry milk to the nipple) and lobules (glands that make milk). It occurs in both men and women, although male breast cancer is rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the breast, most commonly the terminal ductal-lobular unit. It is the most common malignant tumor in females. Risk factors include country of birth, family history, menstrual and reproductive history, fibrocystic disease and epithelial hyperplasia, exogenous estrogens, contraceptive agents, and ionizing radiation. The vast majority of breast carcinomas are adenocarcinomas (ductal or lobular). Breast carcinoma spreads by direct invasion, by the lymphatic route, and by the blood vessel route. The most common site of lymph node involvement is the axilla.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Breast cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cancer of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer, Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mammary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"breast cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9039":{"preferredName":"Cervical Carcinoma","code":"C9039","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the cervix (the organ connecting the uterus and vagina). It is usually a slow-growing cancer that may not have symptoms but can be found with regular Pap tests (a procedure in which cells are scraped from the cervix and looked at under a microscope). Cervical cancer is almost always caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from either the exocervical squamous epithelium or the endocervical glandular epithelium. The major histologic types of cervical carcinoma are: squamous carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Cervix Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Cervix Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cervical cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cervix Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Uteri Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Cervix Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Cervix Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cervical cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2946":{"preferredName":"Chondrosarcoma","code":"C2946","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from cartilage-forming tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of cancer that forms in bone cartilage. It usually starts in the pelvis (between the hip bones), the shoulder, the ribs, or at the ends of the long bones of the arms and legs. A rare type of chondrosarcoma called extraskeletal chondrosarcoma does not form in bone cartilage. Instead, it forms in the soft tissues of the upper part of the arms and legs. Chondrosarcoma can occur at any age but is more common in people older than 40 years. It is a type of bone cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant cartilaginous matrix-producing mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the bone and soft tissue. It usually affects middle-aged to elderly adults. The pelvic bones, ribs, shoulder girdle, and long bones are the most common sites of involvement. Most chondrosarcomas arise de novo, but some may develop in a preexisting benign cartilaginous lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHONDROSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4627":{"preferredName":"Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm","code":"C4627","definitions":[{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the brain or spinal cord. Representative examples include anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma, anaplastic (malignant) meningioma, lymphoma, and metastatic carcinoma from another anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS Malignant Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS Neoplasms, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Neoplasms, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant CNS Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant CNS Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant CNS Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Central Nervous System Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2955":{"preferredName":"Colorectal Carcinoma","code":"C2955","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that develops in the colon (the longest part of the large intestine) and/or the rectum (the last several inches of the large intestine before the anus).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm that arises from the colon or rectum and invades through the muscularis mucosa into the submucosa. The vast majority are adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Large Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Large Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Large Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Large Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Large Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Large Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Large Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Large Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colorectal (Colon or Rectal) Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Colorectal Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Colorectal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colorectal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colorectal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Colorectal cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Large Bowel Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Bowel Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Intestine Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Intestine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"colorectal cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3513":{"preferredName":"Esophageal Carcinoma","code":"C3513","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues lining the esophagus (the muscular tube through which food passes from the throat to the stomach). Two types of esophageal cancer are squamous cell carcinoma (cancer that begins in flat cells lining the esophagus) and adenocarcinoma (cancer that begins in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial tumor arising from the esophageal mucosa. Two major histologic types of esophageal carcinoma have been described: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. This type of cancer is associated with excessive ethanol and cigarette usage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Esophageal Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Esophageal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Esophageal cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Esophagus Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"esophageal cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3844":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder Carcinoma","code":"C3844","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ below the liver that collects and stores bile (a fluid made by the liver to digest fat). Gallbladder cancer begins in the innermost layer of tissue and spreads through the outer layers as it grows.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium of the gallbladder. It is usually associated with the presence of gallstones. Clinical symptoms are not specific and usually present late in the course. Morphologically, most gallbladder carcinomas are adenocarcinomas; squamous cell carcinomas, adenosquamous carcinomas, signet ring carcinomas, and undifferentiated carcinomas can also occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Gallbladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Gallbladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Gallbladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Gallbladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gall bladder carcinoma (adeno)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Gall bladder carcinoma (adenocarcinoma)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"gallbladder cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4911":{"preferredName":"Gastric Carcinoma","code":"C4911","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues lining the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial tumor of the stomach mucosa. The vast majority of gastric carcinomas are adenocarcinomas, arising from the gastric glandular epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric (Stomach) Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gastric Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gastric Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gastric cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Stomach Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stomach Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gastric cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"stomach cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4913":{"preferredName":"Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm","code":"C4913","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer of the female reproductive tract, including the cervix, endometrium, fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus, and vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the female reproductive system. Representative examples include endometrial carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma, adenosarcoma, malignant mixed mesodermal (mullerian) tumor, and gestational choriocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Female Reproductive Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Female reprod. system cancer, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Female reproductive system cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Gynecologic Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Female Reproductive System Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Gynecologic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Gynecologic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Female Reproductive System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Female Reproductive System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Female Reproductive System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Female Reproductive System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gynecologic cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4013":{"preferredName":"Malignant Head and Neck Neoplasm","code":"C4013","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that arises in the head or neck region (in the nasal cavity, sinuses, lip, mouth, salivary glands, throat, or larynx [voice box]).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the head and neck. Representative examples include oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and salivary gland carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Head and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Head and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Head and Neck Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Head and Neck Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Head and neck cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Malignant Head and Neck Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Head and Neck Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Head and Neck Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Head and Neck Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Head and Neck Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Head and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Head and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Head and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Head and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"head and neck cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C27134":{"preferredName":"Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Cell Neoplasm","code":"C27134","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer of the blood or bone marrow, such as leukemia or lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of hemolymphoreticular cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A neoplasm arising from hematopoietic cells found in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, lymph nodes and spleen (organs of the hematopoietic system). Hematopoietic cell neoplasms can also involve other anatomic sites (e.g. central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract), either by metastasis, direct tumor infiltration, or neoplastic transformation of extranodal lymphoid tissues. The commonest forms are the various types of leukemia, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, myeloproliferative neoplasms, and myelodysplastic syndromes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HEMOLYMPHORETICULAR TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hematologic Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematologic Malignancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematologic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematological Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematological Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Neoplasms including Lymphomas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic malignancy, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic, Including Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Hematologic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Hematopoietic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hematologic cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9087":{"preferredName":"Kaposi Sarcoma","code":"C9087","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer characterized by the abnormal growth of blood vessels that develop into skin lesions or occur internally.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by a vascular proliferation which usually contains blunt endothelial cells. Erythrocyte extravasation and hemosiderin deposition are frequently present. The most frequent site of involvement is the skin; however it may also occur internally. It generally develops in people with compromised immune systems including those with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kaposi Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Kaposi Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Kaposi Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kaposi's Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kaposi's sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Multiple Hemorrhagic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9384":{"preferredName":"Kidney Carcinoma","code":"C9384","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the kidneys. Kidney cancer includes renal cell carcinoma (cancer that forms in the lining of very small tubes in the kidney that filter the blood and remove waste products) and renal pelvis carcinoma (cancer that forms in the center of the kidney where urine collects). It also includes Wilms tumor, which is a type of kidney cancer that usually develops in children under the age of 5.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the epithelium of the renal parenchyma or the renal pelvis. The majority are renal cell carcinomas. Kidney carcinomas usually affect middle aged and elderly adults. Hematuria, abdominal pain, and a palpable mass are common symptoms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kidney (including Renal Cell) Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Kidney Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Kidney Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Renal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"kidney cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4855":{"preferredName":"Laryngeal Carcinoma","code":"C4855","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the larynx (area of the throat that contains the vocal cords and is used for breathing, swallowing, and talking). Most laryngeal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (cancer that begins in flat cells lining the larynx).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Carcinoma that arises from the laryngeal epithelium. More than 90% of laryngeal carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas. The remainder are adenoid cystic carcinomas, mucoepidermoid carcinomas and carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Larynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Larynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Larynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Larynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngeal Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Laryngeal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngeal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngeal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Laryngeal Throat Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Larynx Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"laryngeal cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7927":{"preferredName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma","code":"C7927","definitions":[{"description":"Primary liver cancer is cancer that forms in the tissues of the liver. Secondary liver cancer is cancer that spreads to the liver from another part of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from the hepatocytes or intrahepatic bile ducts. The main subtypes are hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoma) and cholangiocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liver Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liver Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver and hepatobiliary cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Liver/hepatobiliary cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Primary Liver Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liver cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4878":{"preferredName":"Lung Carcinoma","code":"C4878","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the lung, usually in the cells lining air passages. The two main types are small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. These types are diagnosed based on how the cells look under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma originating in the lung. Lung carcinomas usually arise from the epithelium that lines the bronchial tree (bronchogenic carcinomas), and are classified as small cell or non-small cell carcinomas. Non-small cell lung carcinomas are usually adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, or large cell carcinomas. Metastatic carcinomas to the lung are also common, and can be difficult to distinguish from primary tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lung Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lung Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lung cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"lung cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C35812":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymph Node Neoplasm","code":"C35812","definitions":[{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant tumor involving the lymph node. Lymphomas and metastatic carcinomas are representative examples. -- 2004","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymph Node Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymph Node Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3224":{"preferredName":"Melanoma","code":"C3224","definitions":[{"description":"A form of cancer that begins in melanocytes (cells that make the pigment melanin). It may begin in a mole (skin melanoma), but can also begin in other pigmented tissues, such as in the eye or in the intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm comprised of melanocytes typically arising in the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A malignant, usually aggressive tumor composed of atypical, neoplastic melanocytes. Most often, melanomas arise in the skin (cutaneous melanomas) and include the following histologic subtypes: superficial spreading melanoma, nodular melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma, and lentigo maligna melanoma. Cutaneous melanomas may arise from acquired or congenital melanocytic or dysplastic nevi. Melanomas may also arise in other anatomic sites including the gastrointestinal system, eye, urinary tract, and reproductive system. Melanomas frequently metastasize to lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MELANOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3234":{"preferredName":"Mesothelioma","code":"C3234","definitions":[{"description":"A benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous) tumor affecting the lining of the chest or abdomen. Exposure to asbestos particles in the air increases the risk of developing malignant mesothelioma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A usually malignant and aggressive neoplasm of the mesothelium which is often associated with exposure to asbestos.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7431":{"preferredName":"Malignant Ovarian Neoplasm","code":"C7431","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the ovary (one of a pair of female reproductive glands in which the ova, or eggs, are formed). Most ovarian cancers are either ovarian epithelial carcinomas (cancer that begins in the cells on the surface of the ovary) or malignant germ cell tumors (cancer that begins in egg cells).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the ovary. Most primary malignant ovarian neoplasms are either carcinomas (serous, mucinous, or endometrioid adenocarcinomas) or malignant germ cell tumors. Metastatic malignant neoplasms to the ovary include carcinomas, lymphomas, and melanomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ovarian Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"ovarian cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3850":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Carcinoma","code":"C3850","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which malignant (cancer) cells are found in the tissues of the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the exocrine pancreas. The overwhelming majority of pancreatic carcinomas are adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exocrine Pancreas Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreas Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreas Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic cancer (excluding Islets), NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic cancer (not Islets)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"exocrine cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pancreatic cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4863":{"preferredName":"Prostate Carcinoma","code":"C4863","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the prostate (a gland in the male reproductive system found below the bladder and in front of the rectum). Prostate cancer usually occurs in older men.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"One of the most common malignant tumors afflicting men. The majority of carcinomas arise in the peripheral zone and a minority occur in the central or the transitional zone of the prostate gland. Grossly, prostatic carcinomas appear as ill-defined yellow areas of discoloration in the prostate gland lobes. Adenocarcinomas represent the overwhelming majority of prostatic carcinomas. Prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) serum test is widely used as a screening test for the early detection of prostatic carcinoma. Treatment options include radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, androgen ablation and cryotherapy. Watchful waiting or surveillance alone is an option for older patients with low-grade or low-stage disease. -- 2002","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prostate Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prostate Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Prostate Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prostate cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"prostate cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9382":{"preferredName":"Rectal Carcinoma","code":"C9382","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in the tissues of the rectum (the last several inches of the large intestine closest to the anus).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm that arises from the rectum and invades through the muscularis mucosa into the submucosa. The vast majority are adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Rectum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Rectum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Rectum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Rectum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rectal Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rectal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"rectal cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9118":{"preferredName":"Sarcoma","code":"C9118","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer of the bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm. A general term for which the transformed cell type has not been specified.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A usually aggressive malignant neoplasm of the soft tissue or bone. It arises from muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, bone, cartilage, and blood vessels. Sarcomas occur in both children and adults. The prognosis depends largely on the degree of differentiation (grade) of the neoplasm. Representative subtypes are liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and chondrosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesenchymal Tumor, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of Soft Tissue and Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of Soft Tissue and Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of the Soft Tissue and Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of the Soft Tissue and Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2920":{"preferredName":"Malignant Skin Neoplasm","code":"C2920","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in the tissues of the skin. There are several types of skin cancer. Skin cancer that forms in melanocytes (skin cells that make pigment) is called melanoma. Skin cancer that forms in the lower part of the epidermis (the outer layer of the skin) is called basal cell carcinoma. Skin cancer that forms in squamous cells (flat cells that form the surface of the skin) is called squamous cell carcinoma. Skin cancer that forms in neuroendocrine cells (cells that release hormones in response to signals from the nervous system) is called neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. Most skin cancers form in older people on parts of the body exposed to the sun or in people who have weakened immune systems.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A primary or metastatic tumor involving the skin. Primary malignant skin tumors most often are carcinomas (either basal cell or squamous cell carcinomas that arise from cells in the epidermis) or melanomas that arise from pigment-containing skin melanocytes. Metastatic tumors to the skin include carcinomas and lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Cancer, Including Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Neoplasm, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"skin cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3539":{"preferredName":"Malignant Splenic Neoplasm","code":"C3539","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm affecting the spleen. Representative examples include leukemias, lymphomas, and sarcomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of the Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Splenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Splenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Splenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spleen Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9063":{"preferredName":"Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor","code":"C9063","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the testis (one of two egg-shaped glands inside the scrotum that make sperm and male hormones). Testicular cancer usually occurs in young or middle-aged men. Two main types of testicular cancer are seminomas (cancers that grow slowly and are sensitive to radiation therapy) and nonseminomas (different cell types that grow more quickly than seminomas).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor predominantly affecting young men and often associated with cryptorchidism. Seminoma is the most frequently seen malignant testicular germ cell tumor, followed by embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Germ Cell Neoplasm of Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Germ Cell Neoplasm of the Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Germ Cell Tumor of Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Germ Cell Tumor of the Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Testicular Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Testicular Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Germ Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular ca. (no germ/tropho.)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Testicular cancer (excluding germ cell or trophoblastic cancer)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"testicular cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C35506":{"preferredName":"Throat Carcinoma","code":"C35506","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the pharynx (the hollow tube inside the neck that starts behind the nose and ends at the top of the windpipe and esophagus). Throat cancer includes cancer of the nasopharynx (the upper part of the throat behind the nose), the oropharynx (the middle part of the pharynx), and the hypopharynx (the bottom part of the pharynx). Cancer of the larynx (voice box) may also be included as a type of throat cancer. Most throat cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (cancer that begins in thin, flat cells that look like fish scales).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Carcinoma, predominantly squamous cell, arising from epithelial cells of the larynx or pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Throat Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Throat Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"throat cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4815":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","code":"C4815","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the epithelial cells of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in the thyroid gland (an organ at the base of the throat that makes hormones that help control heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and weight). Four main types of thyroid cancer are papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic thyroid cancer. The four types are based on how the cancer cells look under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the thyroid gland. It includes the following main subtypes: follicular, papillary, medullary, poorly differentiated, and undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Head and Neck Cancer, Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"thyroid cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4824":{"preferredName":"Tongue Carcinoma","code":"C4824","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that begins in the tongue. When the cancer begins in the front two-thirds of the tongue, it is considered to be a type of oral cavity cancer; when the cancer begins in the back third of the tongue, it is considered to be a type of oropharyngeal or throat cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium that covers the tongue. The vast majority of tongue carcinomas are moderately or poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tongue Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tongue Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tongue Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tongue cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4825":{"preferredName":"Tonsillar Carcinoma","code":"C4825","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the tonsilar epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Tonsil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Tonsil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Tonsil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Tonsil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tonsil Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tonsil Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tonsillar Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tonsillar Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tonsillar Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3552":{"preferredName":"Malignant Uterine Neoplasm","code":"C3552","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the uterus (the small, hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman's pelvis in which a fetus develops). Two types of uterine cancer are endometrial cancer (cancer that begins in cells lining the uterus) and uterine sarcoma (a rare cancer that begins in muscle or other tissues in the uterus).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the uterine corpus and/or the cervix.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Uterine Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Uterine Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Uterine Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"uterine cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4817":{"preferredName":"Ewing Sarcoma","code":"C4817","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the bone, or the soft tissue adjacent to bone, that is comprised of primitive neuroectodermal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of cancer that forms in bone or soft tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small round cell tumor that lacks morphologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic evidence of neuroectodermal differentiation. It represents one of the two ends of the spectrum called Ewing sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor. It affects mostly males under age 20, and it can occur in soft tissue or bone. Pain and the presence of a mass are the most common clinical symptoms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ES","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ewing Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ewing Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Ewing Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ewing Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ewing Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Ewing sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Ewing's Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ewing's Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3058":{"preferredName":"Glioblastoma","code":"C3058","definitions":[{"description":"A fast-growing type of central nervous system tumor that forms from glial (supportive) tissue of the brain and spinal cord and has cells that look very different from normal cells. GBM usually occurs in adults and affects the brain more often than the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The most malignant astrocytic tumor (WHO grade IV). It is composed of poorly differentiated neoplastic astrocytes and it is characterized by the presence of cellular polymorphism, nuclear atypia, brisk mitotic activity, vascular thrombosis, microvascular proliferation and necrosis. It typically affects adults and is preferentially located in the cerebral hemispheres. It may develop from diffuse astrocytoma WHO grade II or anaplastic astrocytoma (secondary glioblastoma, IDH-mutant), but more frequently, it manifests after a short clinical history de novo, without evidence of a less malignant precursor lesion (primary glioblastoma, IDH- wildtype). (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GBM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GBM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GBM (Glioblastoma)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma Multiforme","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma multiforme","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Grade IV Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade IV Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spongioblastoma Multiforme","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade IV Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"glioblastoma multiforme","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"grade IV astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3270":{"preferredName":"Neuroblastoma","code":"C3270","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of neuroblastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm comprised of neuroblasts that commonly arises in or near the adrenal glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cancer that arises in immature nerve cells and affects mostly infants and children.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neuroblastic tumor characterized by the presence of neuroblastic cells, the absence of ganglion cells, and the absence of a prominent Schwannian stroma formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NEUROBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neural Crest Tumor, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neuroblastoma (Schwannian Stroma-Poor)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroblastoma (Schwannian Stroma-poor)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"neuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9145":{"preferredName":"Osteosarcoma","code":"C9145","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer of the bone that usually affects the large bones of the arm or leg. It occurs most commonly in young people and affects more males than females.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of connective tissue origin that produces bone or osteoid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm usually arising from bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A usually aggressive malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm, predominantly affecting adolescents and young adults. It usually involves bones and less frequently extraosseous sites. It often involves the long bones (particularly distal femur, proximal tibia, and proximal humerus). Pain with or without a palpable mass is the most frequent clinical symptom. It may spread to other anatomic sites, particularly the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OSTEOSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"osteogenic sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3359":{"preferredName":"Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C3359","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from skeletal muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from skeletal myocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in the soft tissues in a type of muscle called striated muscle. Rhabdomyosarcoma can occur anywhere in the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from skeletal muscle. It usually occurs in children and young adults. Only a small percentage of tumors arise in the skeletal muscle of the extremities. The majority arise in other anatomical sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyosarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3267":{"preferredName":"Wilms Tumor","code":"C3267","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of embryonal origin arising within the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An embryonal neoplasm characterized by the presence of epithelial, mesenchymal, and blastema components. The vast majority of cases arise from the kidney. A small number of cases with morphologic features resembling Wilms tumor of the kidney have been reported arising from the ovary and the cervix.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wilms Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Wilms Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Wilms Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wilms Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Wilms tumor (Nephroblastoma)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Wilms' Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C71405":{"preferredName":"Aunt","code":"C71405","definitions":[{"description":"The sister of your father or mother; the wife of your uncle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aunt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aunt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25289":{"preferredName":"Brother","code":"C25289","definitions":[{"description":"A male sibling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brother","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brother","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C71406":{"preferredName":"Brother-in-law","code":"C71406","definitions":[{"description":"A brother by marriage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brother-in-law","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brother-in-law","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16423":{"preferredName":"Child","code":"C16423","definitions":[{"description":"A person who is not yet an adult. The specific cut-off age will vary by purpose.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHILD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Child","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Child","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Child","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Children","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Children (0-21)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C71410":{"preferredName":"Cousin","code":"C71410","definitions":[{"description":"A child of your aunt or uncle or their descendents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cousin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cousin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25165":{"preferredName":"Daughter","code":"C25165","definitions":[{"description":"A female human offspring.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Daughter","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daughter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C71401":{"preferredName":"Daughter-in-law","code":"C71401","definitions":[{"description":"The wife of your son.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Daughter-in-law","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daughter-in-law","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C53262":{"preferredName":"Domestic Partnership","code":"C53262","definitions":[{"description":"Person declares that a domestic partnership relationship exists. (HL7)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Indicates a person who is a member of an unmarried couple, including same sex couples, living together in longstanding relationships, that are registered or unregistered.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DOMESTIC PARTNER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Domestic Partner","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Domestic Partnership","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Domestic Partnership","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Domestic partner","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HL7"}]}}{"C25174":{"preferredName":"Father","code":"C25174","definitions":[{"description":"A male parent.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A male 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It is composed of anatomic systems, regions, cavities, and spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BODY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C13359":{"preferredName":"Gastrointestinal","code":"C13359","definitions":[{"description":"Refers to the stomach and intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Relating to the stomach or duodenum as the intended site of administration, where direct administration is achieved using an appropriate device.","attr":null,"defSource":"EDQM-HC"},{"description":"Pertaining to the stomach and intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Gastroenteral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"EDQM-HC"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gastrointestinal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C25350":{"preferredName":"Genitourinary","code":"C25350","definitions":[{"description":"Of or related to the genital and urinary organs or their functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genitourinary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genitourinary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12418":{"preferredName":"Head and Neck","code":"C12418","definitions":[{"description":"The area of the body comprising the skull, facial bones and the cervical vertebrae, sinuses, orbits, salivary glands, oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, thyroid, facial and neck musculature, soft tissue and lymph nodes draining these areas.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"For oncology, an area of the body generally construed to comprise the base of skull and facial bones, sinuses, orbits, salivary glands, oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, thyroid, facial and neck musculature and lymph nodes draining these areas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H and N","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEAD AND NECK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Head and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Head and Neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25724":{"preferredName":"Hilar","code":"C25724","definitions":[{"description":"Refers to the area associated with the hilum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Refers to the area where nerves and blood vessels attach to an organ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Refers to the area associated with the hilum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HILAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hilar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hilar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hilar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"hilar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13066":{"preferredName":"Ileocecal Valve","code":"C13066","definitions":[{"description":"The valve between the ileum of the small intestine and the cecum of the large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ileocecal Valve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12320":{"preferredName":"Parametrium","code":"C12320","definitions":[{"description":"The subserous connective tissue of the pelvic floor of the supracervical portion of the uterus. The parametrium extends laterally between the layers of the broad ligament. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The subserous connective tissue of the pelvic floor of the supracervical portion of the uterus. The parametrium extends laterally between the layers of the broad ligament.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PARAMETRIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Parametrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parametrium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parametrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C97925":{"preferredName":"Para-Spinal Ganglion","code":"C97925","definitions":[{"description":"A cluster of neuronal cell bodies and their dendrites located just ventral and lateral to the spinal cord that give rise to the sympathetic nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sympathetic ganglion located adjacent to the spinal column.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bilaterally Symmetric Sympathetic Chain Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARAVERTEBRAL GANGLIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Para-Spinal Ganglion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraspinal Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paravertebral Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C43200":{"preferredName":"Pouch","code":"C43200","definitions":[{"description":"A flexible container used to protect or hold one or more doses of a drug product (e.g. a pouch into which oral contraceptive blister packs are inserted, and an overwrap pouch for large volume parenterals).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"POUCH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pouch","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12295":{"preferredName":"Skin of the Trunk","code":"C12295","definitions":[{"description":"The integument that covers the trunk of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The skin or integument surrounding the trunk of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SKIN OF THE TRUNK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skin of Trunk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin of the Trunk","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin of the Trunk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C25722":{"preferredName":"Adjuvant","code":"C25722","definitions":[{"description":"Serving to aid or contribute; auxiliary.","attr":"Merriam-Webster OnLine","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adjuvant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15971":{"preferredName":"Cancer Control","code":"C15971","definitions":[{"description":"Integrated program having an objective of reducing risk, incidence, and mortality from cancer and to enhancing the quality of life for cancer survivors. Realized through an orderly sequence of measures from genetic, epidemiologic, behavioral, social, applied, and surveillance cancer research to the development and implementation of effective interventions, and monitor and analysis of cancer trends in all segments of the population.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Control","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer Control","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer Control Science","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C62220":{"preferredName":"Cure","code":"C62220","definitions":[{"description":"Any action or response that serves to eliminate disease and prevent recurrence.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"To heal or restore health; a treatment to restore health.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Serving or tending to restore health; a remedy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CURATIVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Curative","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cured","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15665":{"preferredName":"Neoadjuvant Therapy","code":"C15665","definitions":[{"description":"Treatment given as a first step to shrink a tumor before the main treatment, which is usually surgery, is given. Examples of neoadjuvant therapy include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy. It is a type of induction therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The administration of therapeutic agents prior to the primary treatment for the purpose of making the primary treatment more effective.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Induction Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoadjuvant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoadjuvant Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoadjuvant Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neoadjuvant Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Preoperative Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"induction therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"neoadjuvant therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15843":{"preferredName":"Preventive Intervention","code":"C15843","definitions":[{"description":"Any action or response to modify or stop the development of a disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"In medicine, action taken to decrease the chance of getting a disease or condition. For example, cancer prevention includes avoiding risk factors (such as smoking, obesity, lack of exercise, and radiation exposure) and increasing protective factors (such as getting regular physical activity, staying at a healthy weight, and having a healthy diet).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Therapeutic, nutritional, environmental, social and/or behavioral interventions at the societal, community, organizational or individual levels to reduce, modify or stop the course of a disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PREVENTATIVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PRYLX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HL7"},{"termName":"Prevention","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Prevention","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prevention Measures","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Preventive Intervention","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Preventive Intervention","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prophylaxis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"prevention","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"prophylaxis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C143253":{"preferredName":"Abdominal Distension, CTCAE","code":"C143253","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling of the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling of the abdomen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abdominal Distension, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal distension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143254":{"preferredName":"Abdominal Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143254","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the abdominal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the abdominal cavity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abdominal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143255":{"preferredName":"Abdominal Pain, CTCAE","code":"C143255","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the abdominal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the abdominal region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abdominal Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143256":{"preferredName":"Abdominal Soft Tissue Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143256","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the abdominal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the abdominal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abdominal Soft Tissue Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal soft tissue necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143257":{"preferredName":"Abducens Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143257","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the abducens nerve (sixth cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the abducens nerve (sixth cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abducens Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abducens nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143258":{"preferredName":"Accessory Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143258","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the accessory nerve (eleventh cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the accessory nerve (eleventh cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Accessory Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Accessory nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143259":{"preferredName":"Acidosis, CTCAE","code":"C143259","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormally high acidity (high hydrogen-ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormally high acidity (high hydrogen-ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acidosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Acidosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143260":{"preferredName":"Acoustic Nerve Disorder NOS, CTCAE","code":"C143260","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the acoustic nerve (eighth cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the acoustic nerve (eighth cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acoustic Nerve Disorder NOS, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acoustic nerve disorder NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143261":{"preferredName":"Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Prolonged, CTCAE","code":"C143261","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results in which the partial thromboplastin time is found to be greater than the control value. As a possible indicator of coagulopathy, a prolonged partial thromboplastin time (PTT) may occur in a variety of diseases and disorders, both primary and related to treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results in which the partial thromboplastin time is found to be greater than the control value. As a possible indicator of coagulopathy, a prolonged partial thromboplastin time (PTT) may occur in a variety of diseases and disorders, both primary and related to treatment.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Prolonged, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143262":{"preferredName":"Acute Kidney Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143262","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the acute loss of renal function (within 2 weeks) and is traditionally classified as pre-renal (low blood flow into kidney), renal (kidney damage) and post-renal causes (ureteral or bladder outflow obstruction).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the acute loss of renal function (within 2 weeks) and is traditionally classified as pre-renal (low blood flow into kidney), renal (kidney damage) and post-renal causes (ureteral or bladder outflow obstruction).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Kidney Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute kidney injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55748":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Insufficiency, CTCAE","code":"C55748","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the adrenal cortex not producing enough of the hormone cortisol and in some cases, the hormone aldosterone. It may be due to a disorder of the adrenal cortex as in Addison's disease or primary adrenal insufficiency.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the adrenal cortex not producing enough of the hormone cortisol and in some cases, the hormone aldosterone. It may be due to a disorder of the adrenal cortex as in Addison's disease or primary adrenal insufficiency.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Insufficiency, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal insufficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Adrenal insufficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C58020":{"preferredName":"Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C58020","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by progressive and life-threatening pulmonary distress in the absence of an underlying pulmonary condition, usually following major trauma or surgery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by progressive and life-threatening pulmonary distress in the absence of an underlying pulmonary condition, usually following major trauma or surgery.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult respiratory distress syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146777":{"preferredName":"Agitation, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146777","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a state of restlessness associated with unpleasant feelings of irritability and tension.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a state of restlessness associated with unpleasant feelings of irritability and tension.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Agitation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Agitation, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143266":{"preferredName":"Akathisia, CTCAE","code":"C143266","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an uncomfortable feeling of inner restlessness and inability to stay still; this is a side effect of some psychotropic drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an uncomfortable feeling of inner restlessness and inability to stay still; this is a side effect of some psychotropic drugs.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Akathisia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Akathisia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143267":{"preferredName":"Alanine Aminotransferase Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143267","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT or SGPT) in the blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT or SGPT) in the blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alanine Aminotransferase Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alanine aminotransferase increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143268":{"preferredName":"Alcohol Intolerance, CTCAE","code":"C143268","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in sensitivity to the adverse effects of alcohol, which can include nasal congestion, skin flushes, heart dysrhythmias, nausea, vomiting, indigestion and headaches.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in sensitivity to the adverse effects of alcohol, which can include nasal congestion, skin flushes, heart dysrhythmias, nausea, vomiting, indigestion and headaches.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alcohol Intolerance, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alcohol intolerance","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143269":{"preferredName":"Alkaline Phosphatase Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143269","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in the level of alkaline phosphatase in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in the level of alkaline phosphatase in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alkaline Phosphatase Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alkaline phosphatase increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143270":{"preferredName":"Alkalosis, CTCAE","code":"C143270","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormally high alkalinity (low hydrogen-ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormally high alkalinity (low hydrogen-ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alkalosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Alkalosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143271":{"preferredName":"Allergic Reaction, CTCAE","code":"C143271","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an adverse local or general response from exposure to an allergen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an adverse local or general response from exposure to an allergen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allergic Reaction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allergic reaction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143272":{"preferredName":"Allergic Rhinitis, CTCAE","code":"C143272","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes caused by an IgE-mediated response to external allergens. The inflammation may also involve the mucous membranes of the sinuses, eyes, middle ear, and pharynx. Symptoms include sneezing, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea and itching.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes caused by an IgE-mediated response to external allergens. The inflammation may also involve the mucous membranes of the sinuses, eyes, middle ear, and pharynx. Symptoms include sneezing, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea and itching.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allergic Rhinitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allergic rhinitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57898":{"preferredName":"Alopecia, CTCAE","code":"C57898","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in density of hair compared to normal for a given individual at a given age and body location.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in density of hair compared to normal for a given individual at a given age and body location.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alopecia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Alopecia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hair loss/alopecia (scalp or body)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143274":{"preferredName":"Amnesia, CTCAE","code":"C143274","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by systematic and extensive loss of memory.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by systematic and extensive loss of memory.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amnesia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Amnesia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143275":{"preferredName":"Anal Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C143275","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the opening in the anal canal to the perianal skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the opening in the anal canal to the perianal skin.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143276":{"preferredName":"Anal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143276","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the anal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the anal region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143277":{"preferredName":"Anal Mucositis, CTCAE","code":"C143277","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the anus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the anus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Mucositis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal mucositis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143278":{"preferredName":"Anal Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143278","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the anal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the anal region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143279":{"preferredName":"Anal Pain, CTCAE","code":"C143279","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the anal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the anal region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143280":{"preferredName":"Anal Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143280","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the anal canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the anal canal.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143281":{"preferredName":"Anal Ulcer, CTCAE","code":"C143281","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the anal canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the anal canal.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Ulcer, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143282":{"preferredName":"Anaphylaxis, CTCAE","code":"C143282","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an acute inflammatory reaction resulting from the release of histamine and histamine-like substances from mast cells, causing a hypersensitivity immune response. Clinically, it presents with breathing difficulty, dizziness, hypotension, cyanosis and loss of consciousness and may lead to death.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an acute inflammatory reaction resulting from the release of histamine and histamine-like substances from mast cells, causing a hypersensitivity immune response. Clinically, it presents with breathing difficulty, dizziness, hypotension, cyanosis and loss of consciousness and may lead to death.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaphylaxis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Anaphylaxis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143283":{"preferredName":"Anemia, CTCAE","code":"C143283","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the amount of hemoglobin in 100 ml of blood. Signs and symptoms of anemia may include pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, shortness of breath, palpitations of the heart, soft systolic murmurs, lethargy, and fatigability.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the amount of hemoglobin in 100 ml of blood. Signs and symptoms of anemia may include pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, shortness of breath, palpitations of the heart, soft systolic murmurs, lethargy, and fatigability.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Anemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143284":{"preferredName":"Ankle Fracture, CTCAE","code":"C143284","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the ankle joint characterized by a break in the continuity of the ankle bone. Symptoms include marked discomfort, swelling and difficulty moving the affected leg and foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the ankle joint characterized by a break in the continuity of the ankle bone. Symptoms include marked discomfort, swelling and difficulty moving the affected leg and foot.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ankle Fracture, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ankle fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143285":{"preferredName":"Anorectal Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143285","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the anal area and the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the anal area and the rectum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anorectal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anorectal infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57118":{"preferredName":"Anorexia, CTCAE","code":"C57118","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a loss of appetite.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a loss of appetite.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anorexia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Anorexia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Anorexia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143287":{"preferredName":"Anorgasmia, CTCAE","code":"C143287","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability to achieve orgasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability to achieve orgasm.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anorgasmia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Anorgasmia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146778":{"preferredName":"Anxiety, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146778","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by apprehension of danger and dread accompanied by restlessness, tension, tachycardia, and dyspnea unattached to a clearly identifiable stimulus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by apprehension of danger and dread accompanied by restlessness, tension, tachycardia, and dyspnea unattached to a clearly identifiable stimulus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anxiety","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Anxiety, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143289":{"preferredName":"Aortic Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143289","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the aorta.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the aorta.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aortic Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aortic injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143290":{"preferredName":"Aortic Valve Disease, CTCAE","code":"C143290","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a defect in aortic valve function or structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a defect in aortic valve function or structure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aortic Valve Disease, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aortic valve disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143291":{"preferredName":"Aphonia, CTCAE","code":"C143291","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the inability to speak. It may result from injuries to the vocal cords or may be functional (psychogenic).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the inability to speak. It may result from injuries to the vocal cords or may be functional (psychogenic).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aphonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Aphonia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C55340":{"preferredName":"Apnea, CTCAE","code":"C55340","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by cessation of breathing.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by cessation of breathing.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Apnea, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143294":{"preferredName":"Appendicitis, CTCAE","code":"C143294","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by acute inflammation to the vermiform appendix caused by a pathogenic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by acute inflammation to the vermiform appendix caused by a pathogenic agent.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Appendicitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Appendicitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143293":{"preferredName":"Appendicitis Perforated, CTCAE","code":"C143293","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by acute inflammation to the vermiform appendix caused by a pathogenic agent with gangrenous changes resulting in the rupture of the appendiceal wall. The appendiceal wall rupture causes the release of inflammatory and bacterial contents from the appendiceal lumen into the abdominal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by acute inflammation to the vermiform appendix caused by a pathogenic agent with gangrenous changes resulting in the rupture of the appendiceal wall. The appendiceal wall rupture causes the release of inflammatory and bacterial contents from the appendiceal lumen into the abdominal cavity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Appendicitis Perforated, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Appendicitis perforated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143295":{"preferredName":"Arachnoiditis, CTCAE","code":"C143295","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the arachnoid membrane and adjacent subarachnoid space.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the arachnoid membrane and adjacent subarachnoid space.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arachnoiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Arachnoiditis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143296":{"preferredName":"Arterial Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143296","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to an artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to an artery.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arterial Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arterial injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143297":{"preferredName":"Arteritis Infective, CTCAE","code":"C143297","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving an artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving an artery.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arteritis Infective, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arteritis infective","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143298":{"preferredName":"Arthralgia, CTCAE","code":"C143298","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in a joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in a joint.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arthralgia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Arthralgia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143299":{"preferredName":"Arthritis, CTCAE","code":"C143299","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving a joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving a joint.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Arthritis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143300":{"preferredName":"Ascites, CTCAE","code":"C143300","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of serous or hemorrhagic fluid in the peritoneal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of serous or hemorrhagic fluid in the peritoneal cavity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ascites","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Ascites, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143301":{"preferredName":"Aspartate Aminotransferase Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143301","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in the level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST or SGOT) in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in the level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST or SGOT) in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aspartate Aminotransferase Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aspartate aminotransferase increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C28245":{"preferredName":"Aspiration, CTCAE","code":"C28245","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inhalation of solids or liquids into the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inhalation of solids or liquids into the lungs.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aspiration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aspiration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Aspiration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Aspiration, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146731":{"preferredName":"Asystole, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146731","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia without cardiac electrical activity. Typically, this is accompanied by cessation of the pumping function of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia without cardiac electrical activity. Typically, this is accompanied by cessation of the pumping function of the heart.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Asystole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Asystole, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146737":{"preferredName":"Ataxia, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146737","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by lack of coordination of muscle movements resulting in the impairment or inability to perform voluntary activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by lack of coordination of muscle movements resulting in the impairment or inability to perform voluntary activities.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ataxia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Ataxia, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C58022":{"preferredName":"Atelectasis, CTCAE","code":"C58022","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the collapse of part or the entire lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the collapse of part or the entire lung.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atelectasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Atelectasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Atelectasis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54767":{"preferredName":"Atrial Fibrillation, CTCAE","code":"C54767","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia without discernible P waves and an irregular ventricular response due to multiple reentry circuits. The rhythm disturbance originates above the ventricles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia without discernible P waves and an irregular ventricular response due to multiple reentry circuits. The rhythm disturbance originates above the ventricles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atrial Fibrillation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrial fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Atrial fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C54768":{"preferredName":"Atrial Flutter, CTCAE","code":"C54768","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with organized rhythmic atrial contractions with a rate of 200-300 beats per minute. The rhythm disturbance originates in the atria.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with organized rhythmic atrial contractions with a rate of 200-300 beats per minute. The rhythm disturbance originates in the atria.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atrial Flutter, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrial flutter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Atrial flutter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143308":{"preferredName":"Atrioventricular Block Complete, CTCAE","code":"C143308","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with complete failure of atrial electrical impulse conduction through the AV node to the ventricles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with complete failure of atrial electrical impulse conduction through the AV node to the ventricles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atrioventricular Block Complete, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrioventricular block complete","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143309":{"preferredName":"Atrioventricular Block First Degree, CTCAE","code":"C143309","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a delay in the time required for the conduction of an electrical impulse through the atrioventricular (AV) node beyond 0.2 seconds; prolongation of the PR interval greater than 200 milliseconds.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a delay in the time required for the conduction of an electrical impulse through the atrioventricular (AV) node beyond 0.2 seconds; prolongation of the PR interval greater than 200 milliseconds.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atrioventricular Block First Degree, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrioventricular block first degree","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143310":{"preferredName":"Autoimmune Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143310","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by loss of function or tissue destruction of an organ or multiple organs, arising from humoral or cellular immune responses of the individual to his own tissue constituents.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by loss of function or tissue destruction of an organ or multiple organs, arising from humoral or cellular immune responses of the individual to his own tissue constituents.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autoimmune Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autoimmune disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143311":{"preferredName":"Avascular Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143311","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by necrotic changes in the bone tissue due to interruption of blood supply. Most often affecting the epiphysis of the long bones, the necrotic changes result in the collapse and the destruction of the bone structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by necrotic changes in the bone tissue due to interruption of blood supply. Most often affecting the epiphysis of the long bones, the necrotic changes result in the collapse and the destruction of the bone structure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Avascular Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avascular necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143312":{"preferredName":"Azoospermia, CTCAE","code":"C143312","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate complete absence of spermatozoa in the semen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate complete absence of spermatozoa in the semen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Azoospermia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Azoospermia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146739":{"preferredName":"Back Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146739","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the back region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the back region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Back Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Back pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143314":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143314","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the bile duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the bile duct.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Duct Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile duct stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143315":{"preferredName":"Biliary Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143315","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage of bile due to breakdown of a biliary anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage of bile due to breakdown of a biliary anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biliary Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143316":{"preferredName":"Biliary Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C143316","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the bile ducts and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the bile ducts and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biliary Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143317":{"preferredName":"Biliary Tract Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143317","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the biliary tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the biliary tract.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biliary Tract Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary tract infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143318":{"preferredName":"Bladder Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143318","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage of urine due to breakdown of a bladder anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage of urine due to breakdown of a bladder anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bladder Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143319":{"preferredName":"Bladder Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143319","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the bladder.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bladder Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146707":{"preferredName":"Bladder Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146707","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the bladder wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the bladder wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bladder Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146698":{"preferredName":"Bladder Spasm, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146698","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden and involuntary contraction of the bladder wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden and involuntary contraction of the bladder wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bladder Spasm, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder spasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143322":{"preferredName":"Bloating, CTCAE","code":"C143322","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by subject-reported feeling of uncomfortable fullness of the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by subject-reported feeling of uncomfortable fullness of the abdomen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bloating","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Bloating, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143323":{"preferredName":"Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143323","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blood and lymphatic system disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143324":{"preferredName":"Blood Antidiuretic Hormone Abnormal, CTCAE","code":"C143324","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate abnormal levels of antidiuretic hormone in the blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate abnormal levels of antidiuretic hormone in the blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood Antidiuretic Hormone Abnormal, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blood antidiuretic hormone abnormal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143325":{"preferredName":"Blood Bilirubin Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143325","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an abnormally high level of bilirubin in the blood. Excess bilirubin is associated with jaundice.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an abnormally high level of bilirubin in the blood. Excess bilirubin is associated with jaundice.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood Bilirubin Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blood bilirubin increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143326":{"preferredName":"Blood Corticotrophin Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143326","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of corticotrophin in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of corticotrophin in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood Corticotrophin Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blood corticotrophin decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143327":{"preferredName":"Blood Gonadotrophin Abnormal, CTCAE","code":"C143327","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate abnormal levels of gonadotrophin hormone in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate abnormal levels of gonadotrophin hormone in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood Gonadotrophin Abnormal, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blood gonadotrophin abnormal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143328":{"preferredName":"Blood Prolactin Abnormal, CTCAE","code":"C143328","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate abnormal levels of prolactin hormone in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate abnormal levels of prolactin hormone in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood Prolactin Abnormal, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blood prolactin abnormal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55906":{"preferredName":"Blurred Vision, CTCAE","code":"C55906","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by visual perception of unclear or fuzzy images.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by visual perception of unclear or fuzzy images.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blurred Vision, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blurred vision","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Vision-blurred vision","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143330":{"preferredName":"Body Odor, CTCAE","code":"C143330","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal body smell resulting from the growth of bacteria on the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal body smell resulting from the growth of bacteria on the body.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Body Odor, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Body odor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143331":{"preferredName":"Bone Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143331","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the bones.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143332":{"preferredName":"Bone Marrow Hypocellular, CTCAE","code":"C143332","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the inability of the bone marrow to produce hematopoietic elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the inability of the bone marrow to produce hematopoietic elements.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone Marrow Hypocellular, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone marrow hypocellular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146741":{"preferredName":"Bone Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146741","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the bones.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146754":{"preferredName":"Brachial Plexopathy, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146754","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by regional paresthesia of the brachial plexus, marked discomfort and muscle weakness, and limited movement in the arm or hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by regional paresthesia of the brachial plexus, marked discomfort and muscle weakness, and limited movement in the arm or hand.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brachial Plexopathy, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brachial plexopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143335":{"preferredName":"Breast Atrophy, CTCAE","code":"C143335","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by underdevelopment of the breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by underdevelopment of the breast.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Atrophy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast atrophy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143336":{"preferredName":"Breast Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143336","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the breast.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146742":{"preferredName":"Breast Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146742","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the breast region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the breast region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143338":{"preferredName":"Bronchial Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C143338","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the bronchus and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the bronchus and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bronchial Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchial fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143339":{"preferredName":"Bronchial Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143339","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the bronchi.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bronchial Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchial infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143340":{"preferredName":"Bronchial Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C143340","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of a bronchus passage, most often by bronchial secretions and exudates.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of a bronchus passage, most often by bronchial secretions and exudates.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bronchial Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchial obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143341":{"preferredName":"Bronchial Stricture, CTCAE","code":"C143341","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the bronchial tube.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the bronchial tube.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bronchial Stricture, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchial stricture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143342":{"preferredName":"Bronchopleural Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C143342","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between a bronchus and the pleural cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between a bronchus and the pleural cavity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bronchopleural Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchopleural fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143343":{"preferredName":"Bronchopulmonary Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143343","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the bronchial wall and/or lung parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the bronchial wall and/or lung parenchyma.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bronchopulmonary Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchopulmonary hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143344":{"preferredName":"Bronchospasm, CTCAE","code":"C143344","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden contraction of the smooth muscles of the bronchial wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden contraction of the smooth muscles of the bronchial wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bronchospasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Bronchospasm, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143345":{"preferredName":"Bruising, CTCAE","code":"C143345","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of injury of the soft tissues or bone characterized by leakage of blood into surrounding tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of injury of the soft tissues or bone characterized by leakage of blood into surrounding tissues.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruising","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Bruising, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143346":{"preferredName":"Bullous Dermatitis, CTCAE","code":"C143346","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the skin characterized by the presence of bullae which are filled with fluid.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the skin characterized by the presence of bullae which are filled with fluid.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bullous Dermatitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bullous dermatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57900":{"preferredName":"Burn, CTCAE","code":"C57900","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of impaired integrity to the anatomic site of an adverse thermal reaction. Burns can be caused by exposure to chemicals, direct heat, electricity, flames and radiation. The extent of damage depends on the length and intensity of exposure and time until provision of treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of impaired integrity to the anatomic site of an adverse thermal reaction. Burns can be caused by exposure to chemicals, direct heat, electricity, flames and radiation. The extent of damage depends on the length and intensity of exposure and time until provision of treatment.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Burn","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Burn","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Burn, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146744":{"preferredName":"Buttock Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146744","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the buttocks.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the buttocks.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Buttock Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buttock pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143349":{"preferredName":"Capillary Leak Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C143349","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by leakage of intravascular fluids into the extravascular space. This syndrome is observed in patients who demonstrate a state of generalized leaky capillaries following shock syndromes, low-flow states, ischemia-reperfusion injuries, toxemias, medications, or poisoning. It can lead to generalized edema and multiple organ failure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by leakage of intravascular fluids into the extravascular space. This syndrome is observed in patients who demonstrate a state of generalized leaky capillaries following shock syndromes, low-flow states, ischemia-reperfusion injuries, toxemias, medications, or poisoning. It can lead to generalized edema and multiple organ failure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Capillary Leak Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Capillary leak syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143350":{"preferredName":"Carbon Monoxide Diffusing Capacity Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143350","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on lung function test results that indicate a decrease in the lung capacity to absorb carbon monoxide.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on lung function test results that indicate a decrease in the lung capacity to absorb carbon monoxide.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carbon Monoxide Diffusing Capacity Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbon monoxide diffusing capacity decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143351":{"preferredName":"Cardiac Arrest, CTCAE","code":"C143351","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by cessation of the pumping function of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by cessation of the pumping function of the heart.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardiac Arrest, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac arrest","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143352":{"preferredName":"Cardiac Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143352","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardiac Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143353":{"preferredName":"Cardiac Troponin I Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143353","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate increased levels of cardiac troponin I in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate increased levels of cardiac troponin I in a biological specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardiac Troponin I Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac troponin I increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143354":{"preferredName":"Cardiac Troponin T Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143354","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate increased levels of cardiac troponin T in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate increased levels of cardiac troponin T in a biological specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardiac Troponin T Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac troponin T increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146674":{"preferredName":"Cataract, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146674","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by partial or complete opacity of the crystalline lens of one or both eyes. This results in a decrease in visual acuity and eventual blindness if untreated.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by partial or complete opacity of the crystalline lens of one or both eyes. This results in a decrease in visual acuity and eventual blindness if untreated.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cataract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Cataract, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143356":{"preferredName":"Catheter Related Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143356","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process that arises secondary to catheter use.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process that arises secondary to catheter use.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Catheter Related Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Catheter related infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143357":{"preferredName":"CD4 Lymphocytes Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143357","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of CD4 lymphocytes in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of CD4 lymphocytes in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD4 Lymphocytes Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD4 lymphocytes decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143358":{"preferredName":"Cecal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143358","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the cecum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the cecum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cecal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cecal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143359":{"preferredName":"Cecal Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143359","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the cecum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the cecum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cecal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cecal infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143360":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143360","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the brain and/or spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the brain and/or spinal cord.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Central Nervous System Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central nervous system necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143361":{"preferredName":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage, CTCAE","code":"C143361","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by loss of cerebrospinal fluid into the surrounding tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by loss of cerebrospinal fluid into the surrounding tissues.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebrospinal fluid leakage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143362":{"preferredName":"Cervicitis Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143362","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the uterine cervix.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the uterine cervix.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervicitis Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervicitis infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57901":{"preferredName":"Cheilitis, CTCAE","code":"C57901","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the lip.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the lip.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cheilitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Cheilitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Cheilitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143364":{"preferredName":"Chest Pain - Cardiac, CTCAE","code":"C143364","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by substernal discomfort due to insufficient myocardial oxygenation e.g., angina pectoris.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by substernal discomfort due to insufficient myocardial oxygenation e.g., angina pectoris.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chest Pain - Cardiac, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chest pain - cardiac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146743":{"preferredName":"Chest Wall Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146743","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the chest wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the chest wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chest Wall Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chest wall pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143366":{"preferredName":"Chills, CTCAE","code":"C143366","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of cold that often marks a physiologic response to sweating after a fever.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of cold that often marks a physiologic response to sweating after a fever.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chills","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Chills, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146788":{"preferredName":"Cholecystitis, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146788","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving the gallbladder. It may be associated with the presence of gallstones.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving the gallbladder. It may be associated with the presence of gallstones.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cholecystitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Cholecystitis, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143368":{"preferredName":"Cholesterol High, CTCAE","code":"C143368","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate higher than normal levels of cholesterol in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate higher than normal levels of cholesterol in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cholesterol High, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholesterol high","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143369":{"preferredName":"Chronic Kidney Disease, CTCAE","code":"C143369","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by gradual and usually permanent loss of kidney function resulting in renal failure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by gradual and usually permanent loss of kidney function resulting in renal failure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Kidney Disease, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic kidney disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C58027":{"preferredName":"Chylothorax, CTCAE","code":"C58027","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by milky pleural effusion (abnormal collection of fluid) resulting from accumulation of lymph fluid in the pleural cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by milky pleural effusion (abnormal collection of fluid) resulting from accumulation of lymph fluid in the pleural cavity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chylothorax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Chylothorax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Chylothorax, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146746":{"preferredName":"Cognitive Disturbance, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146746","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a conspicuous change in cognitive function.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a conspicuous change in cognitive function.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cognitive Disturbance, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cognitive disturbance","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57134":{"preferredName":"Colitis, CTCAE","code":"C57134","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the colon.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Colitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Colitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143373":{"preferredName":"Colonic Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C143373","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the large intestine and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the large intestine and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colonic Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colonic fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143374":{"preferredName":"Colonic Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143374","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the colon.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colonic Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colonic hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143375":{"preferredName":"Colonic Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C143375","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents in the colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents in the colon.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colonic Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colonic obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143376":{"preferredName":"Colonic Perforation, CTCAE","code":"C143376","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the colonic wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the colonic wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colonic Perforation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colonic perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143377":{"preferredName":"Colonic Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143377","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the colon.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colonic Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colonic stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143378":{"preferredName":"Colonic Ulcer, CTCAE","code":"C143378","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the colon.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colonic Ulcer, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colonic ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143379":{"preferredName":"Concentration Impairment, CTCAE","code":"C143379","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a deterioration in the ability to concentrate.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a deterioration in the ability to concentrate.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Concentration Impairment, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Concentration impairment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143380":{"preferredName":"Conduction Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143380","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by pathological irregularities in the cardiac conduction system.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by pathological irregularities in the cardiac conduction system.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Conduction Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conduction disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146785":{"preferredName":"Confusion, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146785","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a lack of clear and orderly thought and behavior.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a lack of clear and orderly thought and behavior.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Confusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Confusion, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143382":{"preferredName":"Congenital, Familial and Genetic Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143382","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Congenital, Familial and Genetic Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital, familial and genetic disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143384":{"preferredName":"Conjunctivitis, CTCAE","code":"C143384","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation, swelling and redness to the conjunctiva of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation, swelling and redness to the conjunctiva of the eye.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Conjunctivitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Conjunctivitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143383":{"preferredName":"Conjunctivitis Infective, CTCAE","code":"C143383","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the conjunctiva. Clinical manifestations include pink or red color in the eyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the conjunctiva. Clinical manifestations include pink or red color in the eyes.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Conjunctivitis Infective, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conjunctivitis infective","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57141":{"preferredName":"Constipation, CTCAE","code":"C57141","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by irregular and infrequent or difficult evacuation of the bowels.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by irregular and infrequent or difficult evacuation of the bowels.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Constipation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Constipation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Constipation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143386":{"preferredName":"Corneal Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143386","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the cornea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the cornea.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Corneal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Corneal infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143387":{"preferredName":"Corneal Ulcer, CTCAE","code":"C143387","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an area of epithelial tissue loss on the surface of the cornea. It is associated with inflammatory cells in the cornea and anterior chamber.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an area of epithelial tissue loss on the surface of the cornea. It is associated with inflammatory cells in the cornea and anterior chamber.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Corneal Ulcer, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Corneal ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C58028":{"preferredName":"Cough, CTCAE","code":"C58028","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by sudden, often repetitive, spasmodic contraction of the thoracic cavity, resulting in violent release of air from the lungs and usually accompanied by a distinctive sound.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by sudden, often repetitive, spasmodic contraction of the thoracic cavity, resulting in violent release of air from the lungs and usually accompanied by a distinctive sound.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cough","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Cough","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Cough, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143389":{"preferredName":"CPK Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143389","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in levels of creatine phosphokinase in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in levels of creatine phosphokinase in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPK Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPK increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143390":{"preferredName":"Cranial Nerve Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143390","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving a cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving a cranial nerve.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cranial Nerve Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cranial nerve infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143391":{"preferredName":"Creatinine Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143391","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate increased levels of creatinine in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate increased levels of creatinine in a biological specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Creatinine Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Creatinine increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143392":{"preferredName":"Cushingoid, CTCAE","code":"C143392","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by signs and symptoms that resemble Cushing's disease or syndrome: buffalo hump obesity, striations, adiposity, hypertension, diabetes, and osteoporosis, usually due to exogenous corticosteroids.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by signs and symptoms that resemble Cushing's disease or syndrome: buffalo hump obesity, striations, adiposity, hypertension, diabetes, and osteoporosis, usually due to exogenous corticosteroids.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cushingoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Cushingoid, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143393":{"preferredName":"Cystitis Noninfective, CTCAE","code":"C143393","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the bladder which is not caused by an infection of the urinary tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the bladder which is not caused by an infection of the urinary tract.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystitis Noninfective, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystitis noninfective","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143394":{"preferredName":"Cytokine Release Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C143394","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by fever, tachypnea, headache, tachycardia, hypotension, rash, and/or hypoxia caused by the release of cytokines.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by fever, tachypnea, headache, tachycardia, hypotension, rash, and/or hypoxia caused by the release of cytokines.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cytokine Release Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytokine release syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143395":{"preferredName":"Death Neonatal, CTCAE","code":"C143395","definitions":[{"description":"Newborn death occurring during the first 28 days after birth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"Newborn death occurring during the first 28 days after birth.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Death Neonatal, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Death neonatal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143396":{"preferredName":"Death NOS, CTCAE","code":"C143396","definitions":[{"description":"Death that cannot be attributed to a CTCAE term associated with Grade 5.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"Death that cannot be attributed to a CTCAE term associated with Grade 5.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Death NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Death NOS, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C57787":{"preferredName":"Dehydration, CTCAE","code":"C57787","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive loss of water from the body. It is usually caused by severe diarrhea, vomiting or diaphoresis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive loss of water from the body. It is usually caused by severe diarrhea, vomiting or diaphoresis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dehydration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Dehydration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Dehydration, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143398":{"preferredName":"Delayed Orgasm, CTCAE","code":"C143398","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by sexual dysfunction characterized by a delay in climax.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by sexual dysfunction characterized by a delay in climax.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Delayed Orgasm, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Delayed orgasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55742":{"preferredName":"Delayed Puberty, CTCAE","code":"C55742","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by unusually late sexual maturity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by unusually late sexual maturity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Delayed Puberty, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Delayed puberty","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Puberty (delayed)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143400":{"preferredName":"Delirium, CTCAE","code":"C143400","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the acute and sudden development of confusion, illusions, movement changes, inattentiveness, agitation, and hallucinations. Usually, it is a reversible condition.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the acute and sudden development of confusion, illusions, movement changes, inattentiveness, agitation, and hallucinations. Usually, it is a reversible condition.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Delirium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Delirium, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143401":{"preferredName":"Delusions, CTCAE","code":"C143401","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by false personal beliefs held contrary to reality, despite contradictory evidence and common sense.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by false personal beliefs held contrary to reality, despite contradictory evidence and common sense.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Delusions","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Delusions, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143402":{"preferredName":"Dental Caries, CTCAE","code":"C143402","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the decay of a tooth, in which it becomes softened, discolored and/or porous.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the decay of a tooth, in which it becomes softened, discolored and/or porous.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dental Caries, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dental caries","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143403":{"preferredName":"Depressed Level of Consciousness, CTCAE","code":"C143403","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in ability to perceive and respond.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in ability to perceive and respond.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Depressed Level of Consciousness, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depressed level of consciousness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55447":{"preferredName":"Depression, CTCAE","code":"C55447","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by melancholic feelings of grief or unhappiness.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by melancholic feelings of grief or unhappiness.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Depression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Depression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Depression, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143405":{"preferredName":"Dermatitis Radiation, CTCAE","code":"C143405","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of cutaneous inflammatory reaction occurring as a result of exposure to biologically effective levels of ionizing radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of cutaneous inflammatory reaction occurring as a result of exposure to biologically effective levels of ionizing radiation.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dermatitis Radiation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermatitis radiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143406":{"preferredName":"Device Related Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143406","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the use of a medical device.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the use of a medical device.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Device Related Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Device related infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57788":{"preferredName":"Diarrhea, CTCAE","code":"C57788","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in frequency and/or loose or watery bowel movements.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in frequency and/or loose or watery bowel movements.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diarrhea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Diarrhea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Diarrhea, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C55273":{"preferredName":"Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, CTCAE","code":"C55273","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by systemic pathological activation of blood clotting mechanisms which results in clot formation throughout the body. There is an increase in the risk of hemorrhage as the body is depleted of platelets and coagulation factors.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by systemic pathological activation of blood clotting mechanisms which results in clot formation throughout the body. There is an increase in the risk of hemorrhage as the body is depleted of platelets and coagulation factors.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Disseminated intravascular coagulation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146747":{"preferredName":"Dizziness, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146747","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a disturbing sensation of lightheadedness, unsteadiness, giddiness, spinning or rocking.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a disturbing sensation of lightheadedness, unsteadiness, giddiness, spinning or rocking.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dizziness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Dizziness, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143410":{"preferredName":"Dry Eye, CTCAE","code":"C143410","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dryness of the cornea and conjunctiva.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dryness of the cornea and conjunctiva.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dry Eye, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dry eye","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143411":{"preferredName":"Dry Mouth, CTCAE","code":"C143411","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by reduced salivary flow in the oral cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by reduced salivary flow in the oral cavity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dry Mouth, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dry mouth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57996":{"preferredName":"Dry Skin, CTCAE","code":"C57996","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by flaky and dull skin; the pores are generally fine, the texture is a papery thin texture.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by flaky and dull skin; the pores are generally fine, the texture is a papery thin texture.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dry Skin, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dry skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Dry skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57789":{"preferredName":"Duodenal Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C57789","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the duodenum and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the duodenum and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duodenal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duodenal fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Duodenum fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143414":{"preferredName":"Duodenal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143414","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the duodenum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duodenal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duodenal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143415":{"preferredName":"Duodenal Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143415","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the duodenum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duodenal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duodenal infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143416":{"preferredName":"Duodenal Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C143416","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of stomach contents through the duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of stomach contents through the duodenum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duodenal Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duodenal obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143417":{"preferredName":"Duodenal Perforation, CTCAE","code":"C143417","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the duodenal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the duodenal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duodenal Perforation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duodenal perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143418":{"preferredName":"Duodenal Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143418","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the duodenum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duodenal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duodenal stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143419":{"preferredName":"Duodenal Ulcer, CTCAE","code":"C143419","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the duodenal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the duodenal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duodenal Ulcer, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duodenal ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143420":{"preferredName":"Dysarthria, CTCAE","code":"C143420","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by slow and slurred speech resulting from an inability to coordinate the muscles used in speech.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by slow and slurred speech resulting from an inability to coordinate the muscles used in speech.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dysarthria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Dysarthria, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143421":{"preferredName":"Dysesthesia, CTCAE","code":"C143421","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by distortion of sensory perception, resulting in an abnormal and unpleasant sensation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by distortion of sensory perception, resulting in an abnormal and unpleasant sensation.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dysesthesia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Dysesthesia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143422":{"preferredName":"Dysgeusia, CTCAE","code":"C143422","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormal sensual experience with the taste of foodstuffs; it can be related to a decrease in the sense of smell.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormal sensual experience with the taste of foodstuffs; it can be related to a decrease in the sense of smell.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dysgeusia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Dysgeusia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143423":{"preferredName":"Dysmenorrhea, CTCAE","code":"C143423","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormally painful abdominal cramps during menses.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormally painful abdominal cramps during menses.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dysmenorrhea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Dysmenorrhea, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143424":{"preferredName":"Dyspareunia, CTCAE","code":"C143424","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by painful or difficult coitus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by painful or difficult coitus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dyspareunia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Dyspareunia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143425":{"preferredName":"Dyspepsia, CTCAE","code":"C143425","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an uncomfortable, often painful feeling in the stomach, resulting from impaired digestion. Symptoms include burning stomach, bloating, heartburn, nausea and vomiting.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an uncomfortable, often painful feeling in the stomach, resulting from impaired digestion. Symptoms include burning stomach, bloating, heartburn, nausea and vomiting.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dyspepsia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Dyspepsia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C57795":{"preferredName":"Dysphagia, CTCAE","code":"C57795","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by difficulty in swallowing.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by difficulty in swallowing.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dysphagia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Dysphagia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143427":{"preferredName":"Dysphasia, CTCAE","code":"C143427","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by impairment of verbal communication skills, often resulting from brain damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by impairment of verbal communication skills, often resulting from brain damage.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dysphasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Dysphasia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C58185":{"preferredName":"Dyspnea, CTCAE","code":"C58185","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an uncomfortable sensation of difficulty breathing.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an uncomfortable sensation of difficulty breathing.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dyspnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Dyspnea (shortness of breath)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Dyspnea, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143429":{"preferredName":"Ear and Labyrinth Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143429","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ear and Labyrinth Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ear and labyrinth disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143430":{"preferredName":"Ear Pain, CTCAE","code":"C143430","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the ear.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ear Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ear pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143431":{"preferredName":"Edema Cerebral, CTCAE","code":"C143431","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to an excessive accumulation of fluid in the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to an excessive accumulation of fluid in the brain.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Edema Cerebral, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Edema cerebral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143432":{"preferredName":"Edema Face, CTCAE","code":"C143432","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to excessive fluid accumulation in facial tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to excessive fluid accumulation in facial tissues.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Edema Face, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Edema face","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143433":{"preferredName":"Edema Limbs, CTCAE","code":"C143433","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to excessive fluid accumulation in the upper or lower extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to excessive fluid accumulation in the upper or lower extremities.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Edema Limbs, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Edema limbs","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143434":{"preferredName":"Edema Trunk, CTCAE","code":"C143434","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to excessive fluid accumulation in the trunk area.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to excessive fluid accumulation in the trunk area.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Edema Trunk, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Edema trunk","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143435":{"preferredName":"Ejaculation Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143435","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by problems related to ejaculation. This category includes premature, delayed, retrograde and painful ejaculation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by problems related to ejaculation. This category includes premature, delayed, retrograde and painful ejaculation.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ejaculation Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ejaculation disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143436":{"preferredName":"Ejection Fraction Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143436","definitions":[{"description":"The percentage computed when the amount of blood ejected during a ventricular contraction of the heart is compared to the amount that was present prior to the contraction.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"The percentage computed when the amount of blood ejected during a ventricular contraction of the heart is compared to the amount that was present prior to the contraction.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ejection Fraction Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ejection fraction decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143437":{"preferredName":"Electrocardiogram QT Corrected Interval Prolonged, CTCAE","code":"C143437","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of a cardiac dysrhythmia characterized by an abnormally long corrected QT interval.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of a cardiac dysrhythmia characterized by an abnormally long corrected QT interval.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Electrocardiogram QT Corrected Interval Prolonged, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Electrocardiogram QT corrected interval prolonged","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143438":{"preferredName":"Encephalitis Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143438","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the brain tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the brain tissue.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Encephalitis Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Encephalitis infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143439":{"preferredName":"Encephalomyelitis Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143439","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the brain and spinal cord tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the brain and spinal cord tissues.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Encephalomyelitis Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Encephalomyelitis infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146699":{"preferredName":"Encephalopathy, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146699","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a pathologic process involving the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a pathologic process involving the brain.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Encephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Encephalopathy, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143441":{"preferredName":"Endocarditis Infective, CTCAE","code":"C143441","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the endocardial layer of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the endocardial layer of the heart.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endocarditis Infective, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endocarditis infective","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143442":{"preferredName":"Endocrine Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143442","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endocrine Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endocrine disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143443":{"preferredName":"Endophthalmitis, CTCAE","code":"C143443","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the internal structures of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the internal structures of the eye.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endophthalmitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Endophthalmitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143445":{"preferredName":"Enterocolitis, CTCAE","code":"C143445","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the small and large intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the small and large intestines.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enterocolitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Enterocolitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143444":{"preferredName":"Enterocolitis Infectious, CTCAE","code":"C143444","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the small and large intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the small and large intestines.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enterocolitis Infectious, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enterocolitis infectious","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143446":{"preferredName":"Enterovesical Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C143446","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the urinary bladder and the intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the urinary bladder and the intestine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enterovesical Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enterovesical fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143447":{"preferredName":"Epistaxis, CTCAE","code":"C143447","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the nose.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the nose.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epistaxis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Epistaxis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C55615":{"preferredName":"Erectile Dysfunction, CTCAE","code":"C55615","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the persistent or recurrent inability to achieve or to maintain an erection during sexual activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the persistent or recurrent inability to achieve or to maintain an erection during sexual activity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Erectile Dysfunction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erectile dysfunction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Erectile dysfunction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143449":{"preferredName":"Erythema Multiforme, CTCAE","code":"C143449","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by target lesions (a pink-red ring around a pale center).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by target lesions (a pink-red ring around a pale center).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Erythema Multiforme, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erythema multiforme","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143450":{"preferredName":"Erythroderma, CTCAE","code":"C143450","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by generalized inflammatory erythema and exfoliation. The inflammatory process involves > 90% of the body surface area.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by generalized inflammatory erythema and exfoliation. The inflammatory process involves > 90% of the body surface area.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Erythroderma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Erythroderma, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143451":{"preferredName":"Esophageal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143451","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of an esophageal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of an esophageal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57798":{"preferredName":"Esophageal Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C57798","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the esophagus and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the esophagus and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Esophagus fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143453":{"preferredName":"Esophageal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143453","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the esophagus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the esophagus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143454":{"preferredName":"Esophageal Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143454","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the esophagus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the esophagus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143455":{"preferredName":"Esophageal Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143455","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the esophageal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the esophageal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143456":{"preferredName":"Esophageal Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C143456","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents in the esophagus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents in the esophagus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143457":{"preferredName":"Esophageal Pain, CTCAE","code":"C143457","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the esophageal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the esophageal region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143458":{"preferredName":"Esophageal Perforation, CTCAE","code":"C143458","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the wall of the esophagus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the wall of the esophagus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Perforation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143459":{"preferredName":"Esophageal Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143459","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the esophagus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the esophagus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143460":{"preferredName":"Esophageal Ulcer, CTCAE","code":"C143460","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the esophageal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the esophageal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Ulcer, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146710":{"preferredName":"Esophageal Varices Hemorrhage, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146710","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from esophageal varices.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from esophageal varices.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Varices Hemorrhage, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal varices hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57797":{"preferredName":"Esophagitis, CTCAE","code":"C57797","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the esophageal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the esophageal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophagitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Esophagitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Esophagitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146748":{"preferredName":"Euphoria, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146748","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an exaggerated feeling of well-being which is disproportionate to events and stimuli.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an exaggerated feeling of well-being which is disproportionate to events and stimuli.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Euphoria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Euphoria, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146749":{"preferredName":"Exostosis, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146749","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by non-neoplastic overgrowth of bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by non-neoplastic overgrowth of bone.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Exostosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Exostosis, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146745":{"preferredName":"External Ear Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146745","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the external ear region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the external ear region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"External Ear Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External ear pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143466":{"preferredName":"Extraocular Muscle Paresis, CTCAE","code":"C143466","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by incomplete paralysis of an extraocular muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by incomplete paralysis of an extraocular muscle.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extraocular Muscle Paresis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extraocular muscle paresis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143467":{"preferredName":"Extrapyramidal Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143467","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormal, repetitive, involuntary muscle movements, frenzied speech and extreme restlessness.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormal, repetitive, involuntary muscle movements, frenzied speech and extreme restlessness.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extrapyramidal Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extrapyramidal disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143468":{"preferredName":"Eye Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143468","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eye Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eye disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143469":{"preferredName":"Eye Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143469","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the eye.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eye Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eye infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146751":{"preferredName":"Eye Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146751","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the eye.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eye Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eye pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143471":{"preferredName":"Eyelid Function Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143471","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by impaired eyelid function.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by impaired eyelid function.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eyelid Function Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eyelid function disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143472":{"preferredName":"Facial Muscle Weakness, CTCAE","code":"C143472","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the facial muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the facial muscles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Facial Muscle Weakness, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Facial muscle weakness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143473":{"preferredName":"Facial Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143473","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the facial nerve (seventh cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the facial nerve (seventh cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Facial Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Facial nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143474":{"preferredName":"Facial Pain, CTCAE","code":"C143474","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the face.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the face.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Facial Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Facial pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143475":{"preferredName":"Fall, CTCAE","code":"C143475","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of sudden movement downward, usually resulting in injury.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of sudden movement downward, usually resulting in injury.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fall","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Fall, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143476":{"preferredName":"Fallopian Tube Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143476","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a fallopian tube anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a fallopian tube anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fallopian Tube Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fallopian tube anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146752":{"preferredName":"Fallopian Tube Obstruction, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146752","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents in the fallopian tube.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents in the fallopian tube.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fallopian Tube Obstruction, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fallopian tube obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146714":{"preferredName":"Fallopian Tube Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146714","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture of the fallopian tube wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture of the fallopian tube wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fallopian Tube Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fallopian tube perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143479":{"preferredName":"Fat Atrophy, CTCAE","code":"C143479","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by shrinking of adipose tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by shrinking of adipose tissue.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fat Atrophy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fat atrophy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146753":{"preferredName":"Fatigue, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146753","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a state of generalized weakness with a pronounced inability to summon sufficient energy to accomplish daily activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a state of generalized weakness with a pronounced inability to summon sufficient energy to accomplish daily activities.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fatigue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Fatigue, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143481":{"preferredName":"Febrile Neutropenia, CTCAE","code":"C143481","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an ANC <1000/mm3 and a single temperature of >38.3 degrees C (101 degrees F) or a sustained temperature of >=38 degrees C (100.4 degrees F) for more than one hour","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an ANC <1000/mm3 and a single temperature of >38.3 degrees C (101 degrees F) or a sustained temperature of >=38 degrees C (100.4 degrees F) for more than one hour","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Febrile Neutropenia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Febrile neutropenia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143482":{"preferredName":"Fecal Incontinence, CTCAE","code":"C143482","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inability to control the escape of stool from the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inability to control the escape of stool from the rectum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fecal Incontinence, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fecal incontinence","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143483":{"preferredName":"Feminization Acquired, CTCAE","code":"C143483","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the development of secondary female sex characteristics in males due to extrinsic factors.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the development of secondary female sex characteristics in males due to extrinsic factors.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Feminization Acquired, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Feminization acquired","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143484":{"preferredName":"Fetal Growth Retardation, CTCAE","code":"C143484","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inhibition of fetal growth resulting in the inability of the fetus to achieve its potential weight.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inhibition of fetal growth resulting in the inability of the fetus to achieve its potential weight.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fetal Growth Retardation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fetal growth retardation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143485":{"preferredName":"Fever, CTCAE","code":"C143485","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by elevation of the body's temperature above the upper limit of normal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by elevation of the body's temperature above the upper limit of normal.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fever","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Fever, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143486":{"preferredName":"Fibrinogen Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143486","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of fibrinogen in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of fibrinogen in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibrinogen Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrinogen decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143487":{"preferredName":"Fibrosis Deep Connective Tissue, CTCAE","code":"C143487","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by fibrotic degeneration of the deep connective tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by fibrotic degeneration of the deep connective tissues.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibrosis Deep Connective Tissue, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrosis deep connective tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143488":{"preferredName":"Flank Pain, CTCAE","code":"C143488","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort on the lateral side of the body in the region below the ribs and above the hip.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort on the lateral side of the body in the region below the ribs and above the hip.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Flank Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flank pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143489":{"preferredName":"Flashing Lights, CTCAE","code":"C143489","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden or brief burst of light.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden or brief burst of light.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Flashing Lights, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flashing lights","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57807":{"preferredName":"Flatulence, CTCAE","code":"C57807","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a discharge of excessive gas from the lower GI tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a discharge of excessive gas from the lower GI tract.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Flatulence","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Flatulence","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Flatulence, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143491":{"preferredName":"Floaters, CTCAE","code":"C143491","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an individual seeing spots before their eyes. The spots are shadows of opaque cell fragments in the vitreous humor or lens.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an individual seeing spots before their eyes. The spots are shadows of opaque cell fragments in the vitreous humor or lens.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Floaters","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Floaters, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143492":{"preferredName":"Flu Like Symptoms, CTCAE","code":"C143492","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a group of symptoms similar to those observed in patients with the flu. It includes fever, chills, body aches, malaise, loss of appetite and dry cough.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a group of symptoms similar to those observed in patients with the flu. It includes fever, chills, body aches, malaise, loss of appetite and dry cough.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Flu Like Symptoms, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flu like symptoms","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146643":{"preferredName":"Flushing, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146643","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by episodic reddening of the skin, especially face, neck, or chest.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by episodic reddening of the skin, especially face, neck, or chest.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Flushing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Flushing, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143494":{"preferredName":"Forced Expiratory Volume Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143494","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on test results that indicate a relative decrease in the fraction of the forced vital capacity that is exhaled in a specific number of seconds.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on test results that indicate a relative decrease in the fraction of the forced vital capacity that is exhaled in a specific number of seconds.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Forced Expiratory Volume Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Forced expiratory volume decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C58382":{"preferredName":"Fracture, CTCAE","code":"C58382","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of traumatic injury to the bone in which the continuity of the bone is broken.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of traumatic injury to the bone in which the continuity of the bone is broken.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Fracture, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143496":{"preferredName":"Gait Disturbance, CTCAE","code":"C143496","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by walking difficulties.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by walking difficulties.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gait Disturbance, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gait disturbance","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57808":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C57808","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the gallbladder and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the gallbladder and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gallbladder Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Gallbladder fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143497":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143497","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the gallbladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the gallbladder.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gallbladder Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146735":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder Necrosis, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146735","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the gallbladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the gallbladder.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gallbladder Necrosis, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57810":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C57810","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents of the gallbladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents of the gallbladder.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gallbladder Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Gallbladder obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146755":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146755","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the gallbladder region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the gallbladder region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gallbladder Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146708":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146708","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the gallbladder wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the gallbladder wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gallbladder Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143498":{"preferredName":"Gastric Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143498","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a gastric anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a gastric anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143499":{"preferredName":"Gastric Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C143499","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the stomach and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the stomach and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143500":{"preferredName":"Gastric Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143500","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the gastric wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the gastric wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143501":{"preferredName":"Gastric Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143501","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the gastric wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the gastric wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143502":{"preferredName":"Gastric Perforation, CTCAE","code":"C143502","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the stomach wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the stomach wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric Perforation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143503":{"preferredName":"Gastric Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143503","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the stomach.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143504":{"preferredName":"Gastric Ulcer, CTCAE","code":"C143504","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the stomach.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric Ulcer, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57812":{"preferredName":"Gastritis, CTCAE","code":"C57812","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the stomach.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Gastritis (including bile reflux gastritis)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Gastritis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143506":{"preferredName":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, CTCAE","code":"C143506","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by reflux of the gastric and/or duodenal contents into the distal esophagus. It is chronic in nature and usually caused by incompetence of the lower esophageal sphincter, and may result in injury to the esophageal mucosal. Symptoms include heartburn and acid indigestion.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by reflux of the gastric and/or duodenal contents into the distal esophagus. It is chronic in nature and usually caused by incompetence of the lower esophageal sphincter, and may result in injury to the esophageal mucosal. Symptoms include heartburn and acid indigestion.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal reflux disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143507":{"preferredName":"Gastrointestinal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143507","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a gastrointestinal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a gastrointestinal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143508":{"preferredName":"Gastrointestinal Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143508","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146637":{"preferredName":"Gastrointestinal Fistula, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146637","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between any part of the gastrointestinal system and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between any part of the gastrointestinal system and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Fistula, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143510":{"preferredName":"Gastrointestinal Pain, CTCAE","code":"C143510","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the gastrointestinal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the gastrointestinal region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143511":{"preferredName":"Gastrointestinal Stoma Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143511","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the gastrointestinal tract stoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the gastrointestinal tract stoma.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Stoma Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal stoma necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143512":{"preferredName":"Gastroparesis, CTCAE","code":"C143512","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an incomplete paralysis of the muscles of the stomach wall resulting in delayed emptying of the gastric contents into the small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an incomplete paralysis of the muscles of the stomach wall resulting in delayed emptying of the gastric contents into the small intestine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastroparesis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Gastroparesis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143513":{"preferredName":"General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143513","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"General disorders and administration site conditions - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143514":{"preferredName":"Generalized Muscle Weakness, CTCAE","code":"C143514","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of muscles in multiple anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of muscles in multiple anatomic sites.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Generalized Muscle Weakness, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Generalized muscle weakness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143515":{"preferredName":"Genital Edema, CTCAE","code":"C143515","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to an excessive accumulation of fluid in the genitals.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to an excessive accumulation of fluid in the genitals.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genital Edema, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genital edema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143516":{"preferredName":"GGT Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143516","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate higher than normal levels of the enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase in the blood specimen. GGT (gamma-glutamyltransferase ) catalyzes the transfer of a gamma glutamyl group from a gamma glutamyl peptide to another peptide, amino acids or water.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate higher than normal levels of the enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase in the blood specimen. GGT (gamma-glutamyltransferase ) catalyzes the transfer of a gamma glutamyl group from a gamma glutamyl peptide to another peptide, amino acids or water.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GGT Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GGT increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146626":{"preferredName":"Gingival Pain, CTCAE","code":"C146626","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the gingival region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the gingival region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gingival Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gingival pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55842":{"preferredName":"Glaucoma, CTCAE","code":"C55842","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in pressure in the eyeball due to obstruction of the aqueous humor outflow.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in pressure in the eyeball due to obstruction of the aqueous humor outflow.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glaucoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Glaucoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Glaucoma, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143518":{"preferredName":"Glossopharyngeal Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143518","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the glossopharyngeal nerve (ninth cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the glossopharyngeal nerve (ninth cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glossopharyngeal Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glossopharyngeal nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143519":{"preferredName":"Glucose Intolerance, CTCAE","code":"C143519","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability to properly metabolize glucose.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability to properly metabolize glucose.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glucose Intolerance, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucose intolerance","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143520":{"preferredName":"Growth Accelerated, CTCAE","code":"C143520","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by greater growth than expected for age.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by greater growth than expected for age.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Growth Accelerated, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Growth accelerated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143521":{"preferredName":"Growth Hormone Abnormal, CTCAE","code":"C143521","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate abnormal levels of growth hormone in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate abnormal levels of growth hormone in a biological specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Growth Hormone Abnormal, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Growth hormone abnormal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143522":{"preferredName":"Growth Suppression, CTCAE","code":"C143522","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by stature that is smaller than normal as expected for age.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by stature that is smaller than normal as expected for age.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Growth Suppression, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Growth suppression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143523":{"preferredName":"Gum Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143523","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the gums.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the gums.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gum Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gum infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146685":{"preferredName":"Gynecomastia, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146685","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive development of the breasts in males.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive development of the breasts in males.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gynecomastia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Gynecomastia, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143525":{"preferredName":"Hallucinations, CTCAE","code":"C143525","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a false sensory perception in the absence of an external stimulus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a false sensory perception in the absence of an external stimulus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hallucinations","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hallucinations, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143526":{"preferredName":"Haptoglobin Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143526","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of haptoglobin in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of haptoglobin in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Haptoglobin Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Haptoglobin decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C58383":{"preferredName":"Head Soft Tissue Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C58383","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the head.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the head.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Head Soft Tissue Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Head soft tissue necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Head soft tissue necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143527":{"preferredName":"Headache, CTCAE","code":"C143527","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in various parts of the head, not confined to the area of distribution of any nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in various parts of the head, not confined to the area of distribution of any nerve.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Headache","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Headache, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143528":{"preferredName":"Hearing Impaired, CTCAE","code":"C143528","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by partial or complete loss of the ability to detect or understand sounds resulting from damage to ear structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by partial or complete loss of the ability to detect or understand sounds resulting from damage to ear structures.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hearing Impaired, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hearing impaired","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143529":{"preferredName":"Heart Failure, CTCAE","code":"C143529","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the inability of the heart to pump blood at an adequate volume to meet tissue metabolic requirements, or, the ability to do so only at an elevation in the filling pressure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the inability of the heart to pump blood at an adequate volume to meet tissue metabolic requirements, or, the ability to do so only at an elevation in the filling pressure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heart Failure, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heart failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C56539":{"preferredName":"Hematoma, CTCAE","code":"C56539","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a localized collection of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, space, or tissue, due to a break in the wall of a blood vessel.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a localized collection of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, space, or tissue, due to a break in the wall of a blood vessel.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hematoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Hematoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hematoma, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143531":{"preferredName":"Hematosalpinx, CTCAE","code":"C143531","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of blood in a fallopian tube.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of blood in a fallopian tube.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hematosalpinx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hematosalpinx, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143532":{"preferredName":"Hematuria, CTCAE","code":"C143532","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate blood in the urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate blood in the urine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hematuria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hematuria, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143533":{"preferredName":"Hemoglobin Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143533","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate increased levels of hemoglobin above normal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate increased levels of hemoglobin above normal.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemoglobin Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemoglobin increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146768":{"preferredName":"Hemoglobinuria, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146768","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate the presence of free hemoglobin in the urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate the presence of free hemoglobin in the urine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemoglobinuria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hemoglobinuria, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C55992":{"preferredName":"Hemolysis, CTCAE","code":"C55992","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate widespread erythrocyte cell membrane destruction.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate widespread erythrocyte cell membrane destruction.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemolysis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hemolysis (e.g., immune hemolytic anemia, drug-related hemolysis)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Hemolysis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143536":{"preferredName":"Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C143536","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a form of thrombotic microangiopathy with renal failure, hemolytic anemia, and severe thrombocytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a form of thrombotic microangiopathy with renal failure, hemolytic anemia, and severe thrombocytopenia.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemolytic uremic syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143537":{"preferredName":"Hemorrhoidal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143537","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the hemorrhoids.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the hemorrhoids.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemorrhoidal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemorrhoidal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146738":{"preferredName":"Hemorrhoids, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146738","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of dilated veins in the rectum and surrounding area.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of dilated veins in the rectum and surrounding area.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemorrhoids","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hemorrhoids, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143539":{"preferredName":"Hepatic Failure, CTCAE","code":"C143539","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the inability of the liver to metabolize chemicals in the body. Laboratory test results reveal abnormal plasma levels of ammonia, bilirubin, lactic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aminotransferase, and/or prolongation of prothrombin time (INR.) Drug-induced liever injury (DILI) as defined by Hy's Law.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the inability of the liver to metabolize chemicals in the body. Laboratory test results reveal abnormal plasma levels of ammonia, bilirubin, lactic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aminotransferase, and/or prolongation of prothrombin time (INR.) Drug-induced liever injury (DILI) as defined by Hy's Law.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatic Failure, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143540":{"preferredName":"Hepatic Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143540","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the liver.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatic Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143541":{"preferredName":"Hepatic Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143541","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the liver.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatic Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146736":{"preferredName":"Hepatic Necrosis, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146736","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the hepatic parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the hepatic parenchyma.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatic Necrosis, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143542":{"preferredName":"Hepatic Pain, CTCAE","code":"C143542","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the liver region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the liver region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatic Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143543":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis Viral, CTCAE","code":"C143543","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a viral pathologic process involving the liver parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a viral pathologic process involving the liver parenchyma.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatitis Viral, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis viral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143544":{"preferredName":"Hepatobiliary Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143544","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatobiliary Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatobiliary disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143545":{"preferredName":"Hiccups, CTCAE","code":"C143545","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by repeated gulp sounds that result from an involuntary opening and closing of the glottis. This is attributed to a spasm of the diaphragm.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by repeated gulp sounds that result from an involuntary opening and closing of the glottis. This is attributed to a spasm of the diaphragm.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hiccups","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hiccups, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143546":{"preferredName":"Hip Fracture, CTCAE","code":"C143546","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of traumatic injury to the hip in which the continuity of either the femoral head, femoral neck, intertrochanteric or subtrochanteric regions is broken.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of traumatic injury to the hip in which the continuity of either the femoral head, femoral neck, intertrochanteric or subtrochanteric regions is broken.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hip Fracture, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hip fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143547":{"preferredName":"Hirsutism, CTCAE","code":"C143547","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of excess hair growth in women in anatomic sites where growth is considered to be a secondary male characteristic and under androgen control (beard, moustache, chest, abdomen).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of excess hair growth in women in anatomic sites where growth is considered to be a secondary male characteristic and under androgen control (beard, moustache, chest, abdomen).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hirsutism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hirsutism, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143548":{"preferredName":"Hoarseness, CTCAE","code":"C143548","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by harsh and raspy voice arising from or spreading to the larynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by harsh and raspy voice arising from or spreading to the larynx.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hoarseness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hoarseness, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143549":{"preferredName":"Hot Flashes, CTCAE","code":"C143549","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an uncomfortable and temporary sensation of intense body warmth, flushing, sometimes accompanied by sweating upon cooling.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an uncomfortable and temporary sensation of intense body warmth, flushing, sometimes accompanied by sweating upon cooling.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hot Flashes, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hot flashes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55401":{"preferredName":"Hydrocephalus, CTCAE","code":"C55401","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal increase of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal increase of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hydrocephalus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Hydrocephalus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hydrocephalus, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143551":{"preferredName":"Hypercalcemia, CTCAE","code":"C143551","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of calcium (corrected for albumin) in blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of calcium (corrected for albumin) in blood.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypercalcemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypercalcemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143552":{"preferredName":"Hyperglycemia, CTCAE","code":"C143552","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of blood sugar. It is usually an indication of diabetes mellitus or glucose intolerance.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of blood sugar. It is usually an indication of diabetes mellitus or glucose intolerance.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyperglycemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hyperglycemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143553":{"preferredName":"Hyperhidrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143553","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive sweating.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive sweating.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyperhidrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hyperhidrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143554":{"preferredName":"Hyperkalemia, CTCAE","code":"C143554","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of potassium in the blood; associated with kidney failure or sometimes with the use of diuretic drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of potassium in the blood; associated with kidney failure or sometimes with the use of diuretic drugs.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyperkalemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hyperkalemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143555":{"preferredName":"Hypermagnesemia, CTCAE","code":"C143555","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of magnesium in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of magnesium in the blood.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypermagnesemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypermagnesemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143556":{"preferredName":"Hypernatremia, CTCAE","code":"C143556","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of sodium in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of sodium in the blood.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypernatremia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypernatremia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143557":{"preferredName":"Hyperparathyroidism, CTCAE","code":"C143557","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in production of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid glands. This results in hypercalcemia (abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in production of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid glands. This results in hypercalcemia (abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyperparathyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hyperparathyroidism, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143558":{"preferredName":"Hypersomnia, CTCAE","code":"C143558","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by characterized by excessive sleepiness during the daytime.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by characterized by excessive sleepiness during the daytime.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypersomnia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypersomnia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C55060":{"preferredName":"Hypertension, CTCAE","code":"C55060","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a pathological increase in blood pressure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a pathological increase in blood pressure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypertension, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143560":{"preferredName":"Hyperthyroidism, CTCAE","code":"C143560","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive levels of thyroid hormone in the body. Common causes include an overactive thyroid gland or thyroid hormone overdose.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive levels of thyroid hormone in the body. Common causes include an overactive thyroid gland or thyroid hormone overdose.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyperthyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hyperthyroidism, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143561":{"preferredName":"Hypertrichosis, CTCAE","code":"C143561","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by hair density or length beyond the accepted limits of normal in a particular body region, for a particular age or race.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by hair density or length beyond the accepted limits of normal in a particular body region, for a particular age or race.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypertrichosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypertrichosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143562":{"preferredName":"Hypertriglyceridemia, CTCAE","code":"C143562","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of triglyceride concentration in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of triglyceride concentration in the blood.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypertriglyceridemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypertriglyceridemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143563":{"preferredName":"Hyperuricemia, CTCAE","code":"C143563","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of uric acid.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of uric acid.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyperuricemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hyperuricemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143564":{"preferredName":"Hypoalbuminemia, CTCAE","code":"C143564","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of albumin in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of albumin in the blood.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypoalbuminemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypoalbuminemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143565":{"preferredName":"Hypocalcemia, CTCAE","code":"C143565","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of calcium (corrected for albumin) in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of calcium (corrected for albumin) in the blood.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypocalcemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypocalcemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143566":{"preferredName":"Hypoglossal Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143566","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the hypoglossal nerve (twelfth cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the hypoglossal nerve (twelfth cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypoglossal Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypoglossal nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143567":{"preferredName":"Hypoglycemia, CTCAE","code":"C143567","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of glucose in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of glucose in the blood.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypoglycemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypoglycemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143568":{"preferredName":"Hypohidrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143568","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by reduced sweating.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by reduced sweating.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypohidrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypohidrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143569":{"preferredName":"Hypokalemia, CTCAE","code":"C143569","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of potassium in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of potassium in the blood.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypokalemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypokalemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143570":{"preferredName":"Hypomagnesemia, CTCAE","code":"C143570","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of magnesium in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of magnesium in the blood.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypomagnesemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypomagnesemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143571":{"preferredName":"Hyponatremia, CTCAE","code":"C143571","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of sodium in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of sodium in the blood.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyponatremia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hyponatremia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143572":{"preferredName":"Hypoparathyroidism, CTCAE","code":"C143572","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in production of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in production of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid glands.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypoparathyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypoparathyroidism, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143573":{"preferredName":"Hypophosphatemia, CTCAE","code":"C143573","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of phosphates in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of phosphates in the blood.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypophosphatemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypophosphatemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C55061":{"preferredName":"Hypotension, CTCAE","code":"C55061","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a blood pressure that is below the normal expected for an individual in a given environment.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a blood pressure that is below the normal expected for an individual in a given environment.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypotension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Hypotension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypotension, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C55332":{"preferredName":"Hypothermia, CTCAE","code":"C55332","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormally low body temperature. Treatment is required when the body temperature is 35C (95F) or below.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormally low body temperature. Treatment is required when the body temperature is 35C (95F) or below.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypothermia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Hypothermia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypothermia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143576":{"preferredName":"Hypothyroidism, CTCAE","code":"C143576","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypothyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypothyroidism, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C58188":{"preferredName":"Hypoxia, CTCAE","code":"C58188","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in the level of oxygen in the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in the level of oxygen in the body.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypoxia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Hypoxia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypoxia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C57821":{"preferredName":"Ileal Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C57821","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the ileum and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the ileum and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ileal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ileal fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Ileum fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C56542":{"preferredName":"Ileal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56542","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the ileal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the ileal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ileal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ileal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Ileum hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C57823":{"preferredName":"Ileal Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C57823","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents in the ileum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents in the ileum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ileal Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ileal obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Ileum obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C146633":{"preferredName":"Ileal Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146633","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the ileal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the ileal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ileal Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ileal perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143578":{"preferredName":"Ileal Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143578","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the ileum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the ileum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ileal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ileal stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57826":{"preferredName":"Ileal Ulcer, CTCAE","code":"C57826","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the ileum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the ileum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ileal Ulcer, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ileal ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Ileum ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C57814":{"preferredName":"Ileus, CTCAE","code":"C57814","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by failure of the ileum to transport intestinal contents.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by failure of the ileum to transport intestinal contents.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ileus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Ileus, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ileus, GI (functional obstruction of bowel, i.e., neuroconstipation)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143580":{"preferredName":"Immune System Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143580","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immune System Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immune system disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143581":{"preferredName":"Infections and Infestations - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143581","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infections and Infestations - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infections and infestations - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143582":{"preferredName":"Infective Myositis, CTCAE","code":"C143582","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the skeletal muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the skeletal muscles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infective Myositis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infective myositis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143583":{"preferredName":"Infusion Related Reaction, CTCAE","code":"C143583","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by adverse reaction to the infusion of pharmacological or biological substances.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by adverse reaction to the infusion of pharmacological or biological substances.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infusion Related Reaction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infusion related reaction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143584":{"preferredName":"Infusion Site Extravasation, CTCAE","code":"C143584","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by leakage of the infusion into the surrounding tissue. Signs and symptoms may include induration, erythema, swelling, burning sensation and marked discomfort at the infusion site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by leakage of the infusion into the surrounding tissue. Signs and symptoms may include induration, erythema, swelling, burning sensation and marked discomfort at the infusion site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infusion Site Extravasation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infusion site extravasation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143585":{"preferredName":"Injection Site Reaction, CTCAE","code":"C143585","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an intense adverse reaction (usually immunologic) developing at the site of an injection.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an intense adverse reaction (usually immunologic) developing at the site of an injection.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Injection Site Reaction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Injection site reaction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143586":{"preferredName":"Injury To Carotid Artery, CTCAE","code":"C143586","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the carotid artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the carotid artery.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Injury To Carotid Artery, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Injury to carotid artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C56735":{"preferredName":"Injury To Inferior Vena Cava, CTCAE","code":"C56735","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the inferior vena cava.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the inferior vena cava.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IVC vein-injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Injury To Inferior Vena Cava, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Injury to inferior vena cava","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143587":{"preferredName":"Injury To Jugular Vein, CTCAE","code":"C143587","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the jugular vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the jugular vein.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Injury To Jugular Vein, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Injury to jugular vein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143588":{"preferredName":"Injury To Superior Vena Cava, CTCAE","code":"C143588","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the superior vena cava.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the superior vena cava.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Injury To Superior Vena Cava, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Injury to superior vena cava","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143589":{"preferredName":"Injury, Poisoning and Procedural Complications - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143589","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Injury, Poisoning and Procedural Complications - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Injury, poisoning and procedural complications - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143590":{"preferredName":"INR Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143590","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in the ratio of the patient's prothrombin time to a control sample in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in the ratio of the patient's prothrombin time to a control sample in the blood.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INR Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INR increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146771":{"preferredName":"Insomnia, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146771","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep and/or remaining asleep.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep and/or remaining asleep.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Insomnia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Insomnia, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143592":{"preferredName":"Intestinal Stoma Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143592","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage of contents from an intestinal stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage of contents from an intestinal stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intestinal Stoma Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intestinal stoma leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143593":{"preferredName":"Intestinal Stoma Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C143593","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents of the intestinal stoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents of the intestinal stoma.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intestinal Stoma Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intestinal stoma obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143594":{"preferredName":"Intestinal Stoma Site Bleeding, CTCAE","code":"C143594","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the intestinal stoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the intestinal stoma.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intestinal Stoma Site Bleeding, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intestinal stoma site bleeding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143595":{"preferredName":"Intra-Abdominal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143595","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding in the abdominal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding in the abdominal cavity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intra-Abdominal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intra-abdominal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143596":{"preferredName":"Intracranial Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143596","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the cranium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the cranium.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intracranial Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracranial hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143597":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Arterial Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143597","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to an artery during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to an artery during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Arterial Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative arterial injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143598":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Breast Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143598","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the breast parenchyma during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the breast parenchyma during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Breast Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative breast injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143599":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Cardiac Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143599","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the heart during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the heart during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Cardiac Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative cardiac injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143600":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Ear Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143600","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the ear during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the ear during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Ear Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative ear injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143601":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Endocrine Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143601","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the endocrine gland during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the endocrine gland during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Endocrine Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative endocrine injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143602":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Gastrointestinal Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143602","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the gastrointestinal system during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the gastrointestinal system during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Gastrointestinal Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative gastrointestinal injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143603":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Head and Neck Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143603","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the head and neck during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the head and neck during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Head and Neck Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative head and neck injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143604":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143604","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of uncontrolled bleeding during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of uncontrolled bleeding during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143605":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Hepatobiliary Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143605","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the hepatic parenchyma and/or biliary tract during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the hepatic parenchyma and/or biliary tract during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Hepatobiliary Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative hepatobiliary injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143606":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Musculoskeletal Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143606","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the musculoskeletal system during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the musculoskeletal system during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Musculoskeletal Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative musculoskeletal injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143607":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Neurological Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143607","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the nervous system during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the nervous system during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Neurological Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative neurological injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143608":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Ocular Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143608","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the eye during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the eye during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Ocular Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative ocular injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143609":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Renal Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143609","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the kidney during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the kidney during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Renal Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative renal injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143610":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Reproductive Tract Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143610","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the reproductive organs during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the reproductive organs during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Reproductive Tract Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative reproductive tract injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143611":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Respiratory Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143611","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the respiratory system during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the respiratory system during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Respiratory Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative respiratory injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143612":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Splenic Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143612","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the spleen during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the spleen during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Splenic Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative splenic injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143613":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Urinary Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143613","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the urinary system during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the urinary system during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Urinary Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative urinary injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143614":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Venous Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143614","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to a vein during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to a vein during a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Venous Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative venous injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143615":{"preferredName":"Investigations - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143615","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Investigations - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Investigations - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55993":{"preferredName":"Iron Overload, CTCAE","code":"C55993","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of iron in the tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of iron in the tissues.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Iron Overload Adverse Event","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iron Overload, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iron overload","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Iron overload","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143617":{"preferredName":"Irregular Menstruation, CTCAE","code":"C143617","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a change in cycle or duration of menses from baseline.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a change in cycle or duration of menses from baseline.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Irregular Menstruation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irregular menstruation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143618":{"preferredName":"Irritability, CTCAE","code":"C143618","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal responsiveness to stimuli or physiological arousal; may be in response to pain, fright, a drug, an emotional situation or a medical condition.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal responsiveness to stimuli or physiological arousal; may be in response to pain, fright, a drug, an emotional situation or a medical condition.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Irritability","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Irritability, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143619":{"preferredName":"Ischemia Cerebrovascular, CTCAE","code":"C143619","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease or absence of blood supply to the brain caused by obstruction (thrombosis or embolism) of an artery resulting in neurological damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease or absence of blood supply to the brain caused by obstruction (thrombosis or embolism) of an artery resulting in neurological damage.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ischemia Cerebrovascular, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ischemia cerebrovascular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143235":{"preferredName":"Trochlear Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143235","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the trochlear nerve (fourth cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the trochlear nerve (fourth cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trochlear Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trochlear nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57827":{"preferredName":"Jejunal Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C57827","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the jejunum and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the jejunum and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jejunal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jejunal fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Jejunum fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C56543":{"preferredName":"Jejunal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56543","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the jejunal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the jejunal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jejunal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jejunal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Jejunum hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C57829":{"preferredName":"Jejunal Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C57829","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents in the jejunum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents in the jejunum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jejunal Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jejunal obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Jejunum obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143622":{"preferredName":"Jejunal Perforation, CTCAE","code":"C143622","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the jejunal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the jejunal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jejunal Perforation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jejunal perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143623":{"preferredName":"Jejunal Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143623","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the jejunum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the jejunum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jejunal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jejunal stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57832":{"preferredName":"Jejunal Ulcer, CTCAE","code":"C57832","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the jejunum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the jejunum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jejunal Ulcer, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jejunal ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Jejunum ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C146760":{"preferredName":"Joint Effusion, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146760","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive fluid in a joint, usually as a result of joint inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive fluid in a joint, usually as a result of joint inflammation.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Joint Effusion, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Joint effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143626":{"preferredName":"Joint Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143626","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving a joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving a joint.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Joint Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Joint infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143629":{"preferredName":"Joint Range of Motion Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143629","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in joint flexibility of any joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in joint flexibility of any joint.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Joint Range of Motion Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Joint range of motion decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143627":{"preferredName":"Joint Range of Motion Decreased Cervical Spine, CTCAE","code":"C143627","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in flexibility of a cervical spine joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in flexibility of a cervical spine joint.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Joint Range of Motion Decreased Cervical Spine, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Joint range of motion decreased cervical spine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143628":{"preferredName":"Joint Range of Motion Decreased Lumbar Spine, CTCAE","code":"C143628","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in flexibility of a lumbar spine joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in flexibility of a lumbar spine joint.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Joint Range of Motion Decreased Lumbar Spine, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Joint range of motion decreased lumbar spine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55847":{"preferredName":"Keratitis, CTCAE","code":"C55847","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation to the cornea of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation to the cornea of the eye.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Keratitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Keratitis (corneal inflammation/corneal ulceration)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Keratitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143631":{"preferredName":"Kidney Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143631","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage of urine due to breakdown of a kidney anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage of urine due to breakdown of a kidney anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kidney Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143632":{"preferredName":"Kidney Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143632","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the kidney.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kidney Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143633":{"preferredName":"Kyphosis, CTCAE","code":"C143633","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the curvature of the thoracic portion of the spine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the curvature of the thoracic portion of the spine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kyphosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Kyphosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143634":{"preferredName":"Lactation Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143634","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by disturbances of milk secretion. It is not necessarily related to pregnancy that is observed in females and can be observed in males.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by disturbances of milk secretion. It is not necessarily related to pregnancy that is observed in females and can be observed in males.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lactation Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lactation disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143635":{"preferredName":"Large Intestinal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143635","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of an anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures) in the large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of an anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures) in the large intestine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Large Intestinal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large intestinal anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143636":{"preferredName":"Laryngeal Edema, CTCAE","code":"C143636","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to an excessive accumulation of fluid in the larynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to an excessive accumulation of fluid in the larynx.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Laryngeal Edema, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngeal edema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C58190":{"preferredName":"Laryngeal Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C58190","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the larynx and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the larynx and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Laryngeal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngeal fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Larynx fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C56545":{"preferredName":"Laryngeal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56545","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the larynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the larynx.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Laryngeal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngeal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Larynx hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143637":{"preferredName":"Laryngeal Inflammation, CTCAE","code":"C143637","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inflammation involving the larynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inflammation involving the larynx.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Laryngeal Inflammation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngeal inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143638":{"preferredName":"Laryngeal Mucositis, CTCAE","code":"C143638","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation involving the mucous membrane of the larynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation involving the mucous membrane of the larynx.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Laryngeal Mucositis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngeal mucositis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143639":{"preferredName":"Laryngeal Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C143639","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the laryngeal airway.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the laryngeal airway.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Laryngeal Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngeal obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143640":{"preferredName":"Laryngeal Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143640","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the laryngeal airway.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the laryngeal airway.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Laryngeal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngeal stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143641":{"preferredName":"Laryngitis, CTCAE","code":"C143641","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inflammatory process involving the larynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inflammatory process involving the larynx.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Laryngitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Laryngitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143642":{"preferredName":"Laryngopharyngeal Dysesthesia, CTCAE","code":"C143642","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an uncomfortable persistent sensation in the area of the laryngopharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an uncomfortable persistent sensation in the area of the laryngopharynx.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Laryngopharyngeal Dysesthesia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngopharyngeal dysesthesia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143643":{"preferredName":"Laryngospasm, CTCAE","code":"C143643","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by paroxysmal spasmodic muscular contraction of the vocal cords.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by paroxysmal spasmodic muscular contraction of the vocal cords.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Laryngospasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Laryngospasm, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146719":{"preferredName":"Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146719","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by failure of the left ventricle to produce adequate output.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by failure of the left ventricle to produce adequate output.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Left ventricular systolic dysfunction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143645":{"preferredName":"Lethargy, CTCAE","code":"C143645","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in consciousness characterized by mental and physical inertness.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in consciousness characterized by mental and physical inertness.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lethargy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Lethargy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143646":{"preferredName":"Leukemia Secondary To Oncology Chemotherapy, CTCAE","code":"C143646","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by leukemia arising as a result of the mutagenic effect of chemotherapy agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by leukemia arising as a result of the mutagenic effect of chemotherapy agents.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leukemia Secondary To Oncology Chemotherapy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukemia secondary to oncology chemotherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143647":{"preferredName":"Leukocytosis, CTCAE","code":"C143647","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an increased number of white blood cells in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an increased number of white blood cells in the blood.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leukocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Leukocytosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143648":{"preferredName":"Leukoencephalopathy, CTCAE","code":"C143648","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by diffuse reactive astrocytosis with multiple areas of necrotic foci without inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by diffuse reactive astrocytosis with multiple areas of necrotic foci without inflammation.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leukoencephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Leukoencephalopathy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143649":{"preferredName":"Libido Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143649","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in sexual desire.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in sexual desire.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Libido Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Libido decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143650":{"preferredName":"Libido Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143650","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in sexual desire.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in sexual desire.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Libido Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Libido increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143651":{"preferredName":"Lip Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143651","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the lips.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the lips.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lip Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lip infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146761":{"preferredName":"Lip Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146761","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort of the lip.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort of the lip.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lip Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lip pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143652":{"preferredName":"Lipase Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143652","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in the level of lipase in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in the level of lipase in a biological specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipase Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipase increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143653":{"preferredName":"Lipohypertrophy, CTCAE","code":"C143653","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by hypertrophy of the subcutaneous adipose tissue at the site of multiple subcutaneous injections of insulin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by hypertrophy of the subcutaneous adipose tissue at the site of multiple subcutaneous injections of insulin.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipohypertrophy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Lipohypertrophy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143654":{"preferredName":"Localized Edema, CTCAE","code":"C143654","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to excessive fluid accumulation at a specific anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to excessive fluid accumulation at a specific anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Localized Edema, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Localized edema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143655":{"preferredName":"Lordosis, CTCAE","code":"C143655","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the curvature of the lumbar portion of the spine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the curvature of the lumbar portion of the spine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lordosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Lordosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143656":{"preferredName":"Lower Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143656","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the lower gastrointestinal tract (small intestine, large intestine, and anus).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the lower gastrointestinal tract (small intestine, large intestine, and anus).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lower Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143657":{"preferredName":"Lung Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143657","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the lungs, including pneumonia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the lungs, including pneumonia.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143658":{"preferredName":"Lymph Gland Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143658","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the lymph nodes.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Gland Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph gland infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143659":{"preferredName":"Lymph Leakage, CTCAE","code":"C143659","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the loss of lymph fluid into the surrounding tissue or body cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the loss of lymph fluid into the surrounding tissue or body cavity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Leakage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph leakage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146773":{"preferredName":"Lymph Node Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146773","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in a lymph node.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in a lymph node.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph node pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143660":{"preferredName":"Lymphedema, CTCAE","code":"C143660","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive fluid collection in tissues that causes swelling.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive fluid collection in tissues that causes swelling.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphedema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Lymphedema, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C55705":{"preferredName":"Lymphocele, CTCAE","code":"C55705","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a cystic lesion containing lymph.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a cystic lesion containing lymph.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphocele","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Lymphocele","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Lymphocele, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143662":{"preferredName":"Lymphocyte Count Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143662","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate a decrease in number of lymphocytes in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate a decrease in number of lymphocytes in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphocyte Count Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte count decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143663":{"preferredName":"Lymphocyte Count Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143663","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an abnormal increase in the number of lymphocytes in the blood, effusions or bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an abnormal increase in the number of lymphocytes in the blood, effusions or bone marrow.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphocyte Count Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte count increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57838":{"preferredName":"Malabsorption, CTCAE","code":"C57838","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inadequate absorption of nutrients in the small intestine. Symptoms include abdominal marked discomfort, bloating and diarrhea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inadequate absorption of nutrients in the small intestine. Symptoms include abdominal marked discomfort, bloating and diarrhea.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malabsorption","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Malabsorption","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Malabsorption, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143665":{"preferredName":"Malaise, CTCAE","code":"C143665","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness, an out-of-sorts feeling.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness, an out-of-sorts feeling.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malaise","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Malaise, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143666":{"preferredName":"Mania, CTCAE","code":"C143666","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by excitement of psychotic proportions manifested by mental and physical hyperactivity, disorganization of behavior and elevation of mood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by excitement of psychotic proportions manifested by mental and physical hyperactivity, disorganization of behavior and elevation of mood.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mania","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Mania, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C56549":{"preferredName":"Mediastinal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56549","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the mediastinum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the mediastinum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mediastinal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediastinal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Mediastinum hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143667":{"preferredName":"Mediastinal Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143667","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the mediastinum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the mediastinum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mediastinal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediastinal infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146763":{"preferredName":"Memory Impairment, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146763","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a deterioration in memory function.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a deterioration in memory function.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Memory Impairment, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Memory impairment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143669":{"preferredName":"Meningismus, CTCAE","code":"C143669","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by neck stiffness, headache, and photophobia resulting from irritation of the cerebral meninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by neck stiffness, headache, and photophobia resulting from irritation of the cerebral meninges.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Meningismus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Meningismus, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143670":{"preferredName":"Meningitis, CTCAE","code":"C143670","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by acute inflammation of the meninges of the brain and/or spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by acute inflammation of the meninges of the brain and/or spinal cord.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Meningitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Meningitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143671":{"preferredName":"Menorrhagia, CTCAE","code":"C143671","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormally heavy vaginal bleeding during menses.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormally heavy vaginal bleeding during menses.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Menorrhagia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Menorrhagia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143672":{"preferredName":"Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143672","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metabolism and nutrition disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143673":{"preferredName":"Middle Ear Inflammation, CTCAE","code":"C143673","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation (physiologic response to irritation), swelling and redness to the middle ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation (physiologic response to irritation), swelling and redness to the middle ear.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Middle Ear Inflammation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle ear inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143674":{"preferredName":"Mitral Valve Disease, CTCAE","code":"C143674","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a defect in mitral valve function or structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a defect in mitral valve function or structure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mitral Valve Disease, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitral valve disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C54772":{"preferredName":"Mobitz (Type) II Atrioventricular Block, CTCAE","code":"C54772","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with relatively constant PR interval prior to the block of an atrial impulse. This is the result of intermittent failure of atrial electrical impulse conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node to the ventricles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with relatively constant PR interval prior to the block of an atrial impulse. This is the result of intermittent failure of atrial electrical impulse conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node to the ventricles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AV Block Second Degree Mobitz Type II Adverse Event","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AV Block-Second degree Mobitz Type II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Mobitz (Type) II Atrioventricular Block, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mobitz (type) II atrioventricular block","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C54771":{"preferredName":"Mobitz Type I, CTCAE","code":"C54771","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a progressively lengthening PR interval prior to the blocking of an atrial impulse. This is the result of intermittent failure of atrial electrical impulse conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node to the ventricles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a progressively lengthening PR interval prior to the blocking of an atrial impulse. This is the result of intermittent failure of atrial electrical impulse conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node to the ventricles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AV Block Second Degree Möbitz Type I Adverse Event","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AV Block-Second degree Mobitz Type I (Wenckebach)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Mobitz Type I, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mobitz type I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143677":{"preferredName":"Movements Involuntary, CTCAE","code":"C143677","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by uncontrolled and purposeless movements.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by uncontrolled and purposeless movements.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Movements Involuntary, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Movements involuntary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143678":{"preferredName":"Mucosal Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143678","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving a mucosal surface.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving a mucosal surface.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucosal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosal infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143679":{"preferredName":"Mucositis Oral, CTCAE","code":"C143679","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation of the oral mucosal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation of the oral mucosal.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucositis Oral, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucositis oral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143680":{"preferredName":"Multi-Organ Failure, CTCAE","code":"C143680","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by progressive deterioration of the lungs, liver, kidney and clotting mechanisms.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by progressive deterioration of the lungs, liver, kidney and clotting mechanisms.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multi-Organ Failure, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-organ failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143681":{"preferredName":"Muscle Weakness Left-Sided, CTCAE","code":"C143681","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the muscles on the left side of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the muscles on the left side of the body.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Muscle Weakness Left-Sided, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muscle weakness left-sided","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143682":{"preferredName":"Muscle Weakness Lower Limb, CTCAE","code":"C143682","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the lower limb muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the lower limb muscles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Muscle Weakness Lower Limb, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muscle weakness lower limb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143683":{"preferredName":"Muscle Weakness Right-Sided, CTCAE","code":"C143683","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the muscles on the right side of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the muscles on the right side of the body.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Muscle Weakness Right-Sided, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muscle weakness right-sided","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143684":{"preferredName":"Muscle Weakness Trunk, CTCAE","code":"C143684","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the trunk muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the trunk muscles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Muscle Weakness Trunk, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muscle weakness trunk","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143685":{"preferredName":"Muscle Weakness Upper Limb, CTCAE","code":"C143685","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the upper limb muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the upper limb muscles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Muscle Weakness Upper Limb, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muscle weakness upper limb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143686":{"preferredName":"Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorder - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143686","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorder - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorder - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143687":{"preferredName":"Musculoskeletal Deformity, CTCAE","code":"C143687","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a malformation of the musculoskeletal system.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a malformation of the musculoskeletal system.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Musculoskeletal Deformity, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Musculoskeletal deformity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143688":{"preferredName":"Myalgia, CTCAE","code":"C143688","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by marked discomfort sensation originating from a muscle or group of muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by marked discomfort sensation originating from a muscle or group of muscles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myalgia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Myalgia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C55459":{"preferredName":"Myelitis, CTCAE","code":"C55459","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving the spinal cord. Symptoms include weakness, paresthesia, sensory loss, marked discomfort and incontinence.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving the spinal cord. Symptoms include weakness, paresthesia, sensory loss, marked discomfort and incontinence.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myelitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Myelitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Myelitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143690":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C143690","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by insufficiently healthy hematapoietic cell production by the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by insufficiently healthy hematapoietic cell production by the bone marrow.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143691":{"preferredName":"Myocardial Infarction, CTCAE","code":"C143691","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by gross necrosis of the myocardium; this is due to an interruption of blood supply to the area.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by gross necrosis of the myocardium; this is due to an interruption of blood supply to the area.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myocardial Infarction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myocardial infarction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146695":{"preferredName":"Myocarditis, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146695","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the muscle tissue of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the muscle tissue of the heart.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myocarditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Myocarditis, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146787":{"preferredName":"Myositis, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146787","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving the skeletal muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving the skeletal muscles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myositis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Myositis, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143694":{"preferredName":"Nail Discoloration, CTCAE","code":"C143694","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a change in the color of the nail plate.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a change in the color of the nail plate.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nail Discoloration, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nail discoloration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143695":{"preferredName":"Nail Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143695","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the nail.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the nail.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nail Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nail infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143696":{"preferredName":"Nail Loss, CTCAE","code":"C143696","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by loss of all or a portion of the nail.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by loss of all or a portion of the nail.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nail Loss, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nail loss","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143697":{"preferredName":"Nail Ridging, CTCAE","code":"C143697","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by vertical or horizontal ridges on the nails.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by vertical or horizontal ridges on the nails.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nail Ridging, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nail ridging","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143698":{"preferredName":"Nasal Congestion, CTCAE","code":"C143698","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by obstruction of the nasal passage due to mucosal edema.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by obstruction of the nasal passage due to mucosal edema.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nasal Congestion, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasal congestion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146764":{"preferredName":"Nausea, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146764","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a queasy sensation and/or the urge to vomit.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a queasy sensation and/or the urge to vomit.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nausea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Nausea, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143700":{"preferredName":"Neck Edema, CTCAE","code":"C143700","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to an accumulation of excessive fluid in the neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to an accumulation of excessive fluid in the neck.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neck Edema, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neck edema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146766":{"preferredName":"Neck Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146766","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the neck area.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the neck area.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neck Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neck pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C58394":{"preferredName":"Neck Soft Tissue Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C58394","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the neck.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neck Soft Tissue Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neck soft tissue necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Neck soft tissue necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143701":{"preferredName":"Neoplasms Benign, Malignant and Unspecified (Incl Cysts and Polyps) - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143701","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasms Benign, Malignant and Unspecified (Incl Cysts and Polyps) - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143702":{"preferredName":"Nervous System Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143702","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nervous System Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nervous system disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143703":{"preferredName":"Neuralgia, CTCAE","code":"C143703","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by intense painful sensation along a nerve or group of nerves.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by intense painful sensation along a nerve or group of nerves.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neuralgia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Neuralgia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143704":{"preferredName":"Neutrophil Count Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143704","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate a decrease in number of neutrophils in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate a decrease in number of neutrophils in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neutrophil Count Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neutrophil count decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143705":{"preferredName":"Night Blindness, CTCAE","code":"C143705","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability to see clearly in dim light.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability to see clearly in dim light.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Night Blindness, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Night blindness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143706":{"preferredName":"Nipple Deformity, CTCAE","code":"C143706","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a malformation of the nipple.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a malformation of the nipple.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nipple Deformity, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nipple deformity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143707":{"preferredName":"Non-Cardiac Chest Pain, CTCAE","code":"C143707","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the chest unrelated to a heart disorder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the chest unrelated to a heart disorder.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Cardiac Chest Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-cardiac chest pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146775":{"preferredName":"Nystagmus, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146775","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by involuntary movements of the eyeballs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by involuntary movements of the eyeballs.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nystagmus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Nystagmus, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C55334":{"preferredName":"Obesity, CTCAE","code":"C55334","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by having a high amount of body fat.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by having a high amount of body fat.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Obesity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Obesity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Obesity, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143710":{"preferredName":"Obstruction Gastric, CTCAE","code":"C143710","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents in the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents in the stomach.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Obstruction Gastric, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Obstruction gastric","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143711":{"preferredName":"Oculomotor Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143711","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the oculomotor nerve (third cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the oculomotor nerve (third cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oculomotor Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oculomotor nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143712":{"preferredName":"Olfactory Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143712","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the olfactory nerve (first cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the olfactory nerve (first cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Olfactory Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olfactory nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143713":{"preferredName":"Oligospermia, CTCAE","code":"C143713","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in the number of spermatozoa in the semen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in the number of spermatozoa in the semen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oligospermia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Oligospermia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143714":{"preferredName":"Optic Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143714","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by involvement of the optic nerve (second cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by involvement of the optic nerve (second cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Optic Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Optic nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143715":{"preferredName":"Oral Cavity Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C143715","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the oral cavity and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the oral cavity and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Cavity Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral cavity fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143716":{"preferredName":"Oral Dysesthesia, CTCAE","code":"C143716","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a burning or tingling sensation on the lips, tongue or entire mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a burning or tingling sensation on the lips, tongue or entire mouth.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Dysesthesia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral dysesthesia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C56551":{"preferredName":"Oral Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56551","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the mouth.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral cavity hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Oral hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146627":{"preferredName":"Oral Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146627","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the mouth, tongue or lips.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the mouth, tongue or lips.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143717":{"preferredName":"Osteonecrosis of Jaw, CTCAE","code":"C143717","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the bone of the mandible.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the bone of the mandible.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Osteonecrosis of Jaw, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteonecrosis of jaw","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146767":{"preferredName":"Osteoporosis, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146767","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by reduced bone mass, with a decrease in cortical thickness and in the number and size of the trabeculae of cancellous bone (but normal chemical composition), resulting in increased fracture incidence.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by reduced bone mass, with a decrease in cortical thickness and in the number and size of the trabeculae of cancellous bone (but normal chemical composition), resulting in increased fracture incidence.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Osteoporosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Osteoporosis, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143719":{"preferredName":"Otitis Externa, CTCAE","code":"C143719","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the outer ear and ear canal. Contributory factors include excessive water exposure (swimmer's ear infection) and cuts in the ear canal. Symptoms include fullness, itching, swelling and marked discomfort in the ear and ear drainage.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the outer ear and ear canal. Contributory factors include excessive water exposure (swimmer's ear infection) and cuts in the ear canal. Symptoms include fullness, itching, swelling and marked discomfort in the ear and ear drainage.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Otitis Externa, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Otitis externa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143720":{"preferredName":"Otitis Media, CTCAE","code":"C143720","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the middle ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the middle ear.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Otitis Media, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Otitis media","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C56553":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56553","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the ovary.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Ovary hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143721":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143721","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the ovary.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143722":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Rupture, CTCAE","code":"C143722","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by tearing or disruption of the ovarian tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by tearing or disruption of the ovarian tissue.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Rupture, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian rupture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146769":{"preferredName":"Ovulation Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146769","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in one side of the abdomen between menstrual cycles, around the time of the discharge of the ovum from the ovarian follicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in one side of the abdomen between menstrual cycles, around the time of the discharge of the ovum from the ovarian follicle.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovulation Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovulation pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143725":{"preferredName":"Pain, CTCAE","code":"C143725","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the sensation of marked discomfort, distress or agony.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the sensation of marked discomfort, distress or agony.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143723":{"preferredName":"Pain In Extremity, CTCAE","code":"C143723","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the upper or lower extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the upper or lower extremities.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pain In Extremity, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pain in extremity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143724":{"preferredName":"Pain of Skin, CTCAE","code":"C143724","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the skin.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pain of Skin, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pain of skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143726":{"preferredName":"Palmar-Plantar Erythrodysesthesia Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C143726","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by redness, marked discomfort, swelling, and tingling in the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet. Also known as Hand-Foot Syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by redness, marked discomfort, swelling, and tingling in the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet. Also known as Hand-Foot Syndrome.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Palmar-Plantar Erythrodysesthesia Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C54935":{"preferredName":"Palpitations, CTCAE","code":"C54935","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an unpleasant sensation of irregular and/or forceful beating of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an unpleasant sensation of irregular and/or forceful beating of the heart.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Palpitations","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Palpitations","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Palpitations, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143728":{"preferredName":"Pancreas Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143728","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the pancreas.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreas Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreas infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143729":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143729","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a pancreatic anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a pancreatic anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143730":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Duct Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143730","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the pancreatic duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the pancreatic duct.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Duct Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic duct stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143731":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Enzymes Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143731","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of pancreatic enzymes in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of pancreatic enzymes in a biological specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Enzymes Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic enzymes decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57845":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C57845","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the pancreas and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the pancreas and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreas fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C56554":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56554","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the pancreas.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreas hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143732":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143732","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the pancreas.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146789":{"preferredName":"Pancreatitis, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146789","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the pancreas with no documented pancreas infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the pancreas with no documented pancreas infection.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Pancreatitis, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143734":{"preferredName":"Papilledema, CTCAE","code":"C143734","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling around the optic disc.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling around the optic disc.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papilledema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Papilledema, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143735":{"preferredName":"Papulopustular Rash, CTCAE","code":"C143735","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an eruption consisting of papules (a small, raised pimple) and pustules (a small pus filled blister), typically appearing in face, scalp, and upper chest and back. Unlike acne, this rash does not present with whiteheads or blackheads, and can be symptomatic, with itchy or tender lesions.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an eruption consisting of papules (a small, raised pimple) and pustules (a small pus filled blister), typically appearing in face, scalp, and upper chest and back. Unlike acne, this rash does not present with whiteheads or blackheads, and can be symptomatic, with itchy or tender lesions.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papulopustular Rash, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papulopustular rash","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143736":{"preferredName":"Paresthesia, CTCAE","code":"C143736","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by functional disturbances of sensory neurons resulting in abnormal cutaneous sensations of tingling, numbness, pressure, cold, and/or warmth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by functional disturbances of sensory neurons resulting in abnormal cutaneous sensations of tingling, numbness, pressure, cold, and/or warmth.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Paresthesia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Paresthesia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143737":{"preferredName":"Paronychia, CTCAE","code":"C143737","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the soft tissues around the nail.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the soft tissues around the nail.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Paronychia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Paronychia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143738":{"preferredName":"Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia, CTCAE","code":"C143738","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with abrupt onset and sudden termination of atrial contractions with a rate of 150-250 beats per minute. The rhythm disturbance originates in the atria.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with abrupt onset and sudden termination of atrial contractions with a rate of 150-250 beats per minute. The rhythm disturbance originates in the atria.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143739":{"preferredName":"Pelvic Floor Muscle Weakness, CTCAE","code":"C143739","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the muscles of the pelvic floor.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the muscles of the pelvic floor.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pelvic Floor Muscle Weakness, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvic floor muscle weakness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143740":{"preferredName":"Pelvic Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143740","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the pelvic cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the pelvic cavity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pelvic Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvic infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146679":{"preferredName":"Pelvic Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146679","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the pelvis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pelvic Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvic pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C58399":{"preferredName":"Pelvic Soft Tissue Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C58399","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the pelvis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pelvic Soft Tissue Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvic soft tissue necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Pelvic soft tissue necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143741":{"preferredName":"Penile Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143741","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the penis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the penis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Penile Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Penile infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146680":{"preferredName":"Penile Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146680","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the penis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the penis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Penile Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Penile pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143742":{"preferredName":"Perforation Bile Duct, CTCAE","code":"C143742","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the wall of the extrahepatic or intrahepatic bile duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the wall of the extrahepatic or intrahepatic bile duct.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Perforation Bile Duct, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perforation bile duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143743":{"preferredName":"Pericardial Effusion, CTCAE","code":"C143743","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by fluid collection within the pericardial sac, usually due to inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by fluid collection within the pericardial sac, usually due to inflammation.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pericardial Effusion, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pericardial effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143744":{"preferredName":"Pericardial Tamponade, CTCAE","code":"C143744","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in intrapericardial pressure due to the collection of blood or fluid in the pericardium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in intrapericardial pressure due to the collection of blood or fluid in the pericardium.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pericardial Tamponade, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pericardial tamponade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55067":{"preferredName":"Pericarditis, CTCAE","code":"C55067","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by irritation to the layers of the pericardium (the protective sac around the heart).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by irritation to the layers of the pericardium (the protective sac around the heart).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pericarditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Pericarditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Pericarditis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146681":{"preferredName":"Perineal Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146681","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the area between the genital organs and the anus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the area between the genital organs and the anus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Perineal Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perineal pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57849":{"preferredName":"Periodontal Disease, CTCAE","code":"C57849","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder in the gingival tissue around the teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder in the gingival tissue around the teeth.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dental: periodontal disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Periodontal Disease, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periodontal disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143747":{"preferredName":"Periorbital Edema, CTCAE","code":"C143747","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to an excessive accumulation of fluid around the orbits of the face.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to an excessive accumulation of fluid around the orbits of the face.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Periorbital Edema, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periorbital edema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143748":{"preferredName":"Periorbital Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143748","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the orbit of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the orbit of the eye.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Periorbital Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periorbital infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143749":{"preferredName":"Peripheral Ischemia, CTCAE","code":"C143749","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by impaired circulation to an extremity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by impaired circulation to an extremity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peripheral Ischemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral ischemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143750":{"preferredName":"Peripheral Motor Neuropathy, CTCAE","code":"C143750","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by damage or dysfunction of the peripheral motor nerves.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by damage or dysfunction of the peripheral motor nerves.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peripheral Motor Neuropathy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral motor neuropathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143751":{"preferredName":"Peripheral Nerve Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143751","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the peripheral nerves.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the peripheral nerves.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peripheral Nerve Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral nerve infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143752":{"preferredName":"Peripheral Sensory Neuropathy, CTCAE","code":"C143752","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by damage or dysfunction of the peripheral sensory nerves.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by damage or dysfunction of the peripheral sensory nerves.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peripheral Sensory Neuropathy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral sensory neuropathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143753":{"preferredName":"Peritoneal Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143753","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the peritoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the peritoneum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peritoneal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peritoneal infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57850":{"preferredName":"Peritoneal Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C57850","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the peritoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the peritoneum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peritoneal Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peritoneal cavity necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Peritoneal necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143754":{"preferredName":"Personality Change, CTCAE","code":"C143754","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a conspicuous change in a person's behavior and thinking.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a conspicuous change in a person's behavior and thinking.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Personality Change, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personality change","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146682":{"preferredName":"Phantom Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146682","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort related to a limb or an organ that is removed from or is not physically part of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort related to a limb or an organ that is removed from or is not physically part of the body.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Phantom Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phantom pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143755":{"preferredName":"Pharyngeal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143755","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a pharyngeal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a pharyngeal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pharyngeal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharyngeal anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57851":{"preferredName":"Pharyngeal Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C57851","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the pharynx and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the pharynx and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pharyngeal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharyngeal fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Pharynx GI fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C56557":{"preferredName":"Pharyngeal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56557","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the pharynx.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pharyngeal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharyngeal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Pharynx hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143756":{"preferredName":"Pharyngeal Mucositis, CTCAE","code":"C143756","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation involving the mucous membrane of the pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation involving the mucous membrane of the pharynx.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pharyngeal Mucositis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharyngeal mucositis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57855":{"preferredName":"Pharyngeal Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C57855","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the pharynx.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pharyngeal Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharyngeal necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Pharynx necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143757":{"preferredName":"Pharyngeal Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143757","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the pharyngeal airway.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the pharyngeal airway.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pharyngeal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharyngeal stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143758":{"preferredName":"Pharyngitis, CTCAE","code":"C143758","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the throat.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the throat.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pharyngitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Pharyngitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143759":{"preferredName":"Pharyngolaryngeal Pain, CTCAE","code":"C143759","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the pharyngolaryngeal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the pharyngolaryngeal region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pharyngolaryngeal Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharyngolaryngeal pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143761":{"preferredName":"Phlebitis, CTCAE","code":"C143761","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the wall of a vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the wall of a vein.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Phlebitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Phlebitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143760":{"preferredName":"Phlebitis Infective, CTCAE","code":"C143760","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the vein. Clinical manifestations include erythema, marked discomfort, swelling, and induration along the course of the infected vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the vein. Clinical manifestations include erythema, marked discomfort, swelling, and induration along the course of the infected vein.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Phlebitis Infective, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phlebitis infective","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146770":{"preferredName":"Photophobia, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146770","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by fear and avoidance of light.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by fear and avoidance of light.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Photophobia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Photophobia, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C58005":{"preferredName":"Photosensitivity, CTCAE","code":"C58005","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in sensitivity of the skin to light.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in sensitivity of the skin to light.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Photosensitivity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Photosensitivity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Photosensitivity, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143764":{"preferredName":"Platelet Count Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143764","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate a decrease in number of platelets in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate a decrease in number of platelets in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Platelet Count Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platelet count decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143765":{"preferredName":"Pleural Effusion, CTCAE","code":"C143765","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in amounts of fluid within the pleural cavity. Symptoms include shortness of breath, cough and marked chest discomfort.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in amounts of fluid within the pleural cavity. Symptoms include shortness of breath, cough and marked chest discomfort.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleural Effusion, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C56558":{"preferredName":"Pleural Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56558","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the pleural cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the pleural cavity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleura hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Pleural Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143766":{"preferredName":"Pleural Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143766","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the pleura.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the pleura.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleural Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146663":{"preferredName":"Pleuritic Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146663","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the pleura.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the pleura.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleuritic Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleuritic pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143767":{"preferredName":"Pneumonitis, CTCAE","code":"C143767","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation focally or diffusely affecting the lung parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation focally or diffusely affecting the lung parenchyma.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pneumonitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Pneumonitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C58201":{"preferredName":"Pneumothorax, CTCAE","code":"C58201","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity resulting in the collapse of the lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity resulting in the collapse of the lung.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pneumothorax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Pneumothorax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Pneumothorax, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143769":{"preferredName":"Portal Hypertension, CTCAE","code":"C143769","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in blood pressure in the portal venous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in blood pressure in the portal venous system.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Portal Hypertension, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Portal hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143770":{"preferredName":"Portal Vein Thrombosis, CTCAE","code":"C143770","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the formation of a thrombus (blood clot) in the portal vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the formation of a thrombus (blood clot) in the portal vein.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Portal Vein Thrombosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Portal vein thrombosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143771":{"preferredName":"Postnasal Drip, CTCAE","code":"C143771","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive mucous secretion in the back of the nasal cavity or throat, causing sore throat and/or coughing.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive mucous secretion in the back of the nasal cavity or throat, causing sore throat and/or coughing.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Postnasal Drip, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Postnasal drip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143772":{"preferredName":"Postoperative Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143772","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding occurring after a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding occurring after a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Postoperative Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Postoperative hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143773":{"preferredName":"Postoperative Thoracic Procedure Complication, CTCAE","code":"C143773","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of a previously undocumented problem that occurs after a thoracic procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of a previously undocumented problem that occurs after a thoracic procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Postoperative Thoracic Procedure Complication, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Postoperative thoracic procedure complication","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146645":{"preferredName":"Precocious Puberty, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146645","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by unusually early development of secondary sexual features; the onset of sexual maturation begins usually before age 8 for girls and before age 9 for boys.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by unusually early development of secondary sexual features; the onset of sexual maturation begins usually before age 8 for girls and before age 9 for boys.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Precocious Puberty, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precocious puberty","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143775":{"preferredName":"Pregnancy, Puerperium and Perinatal Conditions - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143775","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pregnancy, Puerperium and Perinatal Conditions - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143776":{"preferredName":"Premature Delivery, CTCAE","code":"C143776","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by delivery of a viable infant before the normal end of gestation. Typically, viability is achievable between the twentieth and thirty-seventh week of gestation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by delivery of a viable infant before the normal end of gestation. Typically, viability is achievable between the twentieth and thirty-seventh week of gestation.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Premature Delivery, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Premature delivery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143777":{"preferredName":"Premature Menopause, CTCAE","code":"C143777","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by premature ovarian failure. Symptoms may include hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, and a decrease in sex drive. Laboratory findings include elevated luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH.)","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by premature ovarian failure. Symptoms may include hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, and a decrease in sex drive. Laboratory findings include elevated luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH.)","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Premature Menopause, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Premature menopause","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143778":{"preferredName":"Presyncope, CTCAE","code":"C143778","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an episode of lightheadedness and dizziness which may precede an episode of syncope.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an episode of lightheadedness and dizziness which may precede an episode of syncope.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Presyncope","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Presyncope, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C57857":{"preferredName":"Proctitis, CTCAE","code":"C57857","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the rectum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Proctitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Proctitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Proctitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143780":{"preferredName":"Productive Cough, CTCAE","code":"C143780","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by expectorated secretions upon coughing.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by expectorated secretions upon coughing.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Productive Cough, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Productive cough","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143781":{"preferredName":"Prolapse of Intestinal Stoma, CTCAE","code":"C143781","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of protrusion of the intestinal stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body) above the abdominal surface.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of protrusion of the intestinal stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body) above the abdominal surface.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Prolapse of Intestinal Stoma, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolapse of intestinal stoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143782":{"preferredName":"Prolapse of Urostomy, CTCAE","code":"C143782","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of displacement of the urostomy.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of displacement of the urostomy.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Prolapse of Urostomy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolapse of urostomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143783":{"preferredName":"Prostate Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143783","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the prostate gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the prostate gland.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Prostate Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C56552":{"preferredName":"Prostatic Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56552","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the prostate gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the prostate gland.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Prostate hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Prostatic Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostatic hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143784":{"preferredName":"Prostatic Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C143784","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by compression of the urethra secondary to enlargement of the prostate gland. This results in voiding difficulties (straining to void, slow urine stream, and incomplete emptying of the bladder).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by compression of the urethra secondary to enlargement of the prostate gland. This results in voiding difficulties (straining to void, slow urine stream, and incomplete emptying of the bladder).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Prostatic Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostatic obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146664":{"preferredName":"Prostatic Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146664","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the prostate gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the prostate gland.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Prostatic Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostatic pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146758":{"preferredName":"Proteinuria, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146758","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate the presence of excessive protein in the urine. It is predominantly albumin, but also globulin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate the presence of excessive protein in the urine. It is predominantly albumin, but also globulin.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Proteinuria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Proteinuria, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C58006":{"preferredName":"Pruritus, CTCAE","code":"C58006","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an intense itching sensation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an intense itching sensation.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pruritus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Pruritus, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pruritus/itching","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143787":{"preferredName":"Psychiatric Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143787","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Psychiatric Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Psychiatric disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143788":{"preferredName":"Psychosis, CTCAE","code":"C143788","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by personality change, impaired functioning, and loss of touch with reality. It may be a manifestation of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or brain tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by personality change, impaired functioning, and loss of touch with reality. It may be a manifestation of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or brain tumor.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Psychosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Psychosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143789":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Edema, CTCAE","code":"C143789","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of fluid in the lung tissues that causes a disturbance of the gas exchange that may lead to respiratory failure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of fluid in the lung tissues that causes a disturbance of the gas exchange that may lead to respiratory failure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Edema, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary edema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143790":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Fibrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143790","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the replacement of the lung tissue by connective tissue, leading to progressive dyspnea, respiratory failure or right heart failure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the replacement of the lung tissue by connective tissue, leading to progressive dyspnea, respiratory failure or right heart failure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Fibrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143791":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C143791","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the lung and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the lung and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55068":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Hypertension, CTCAE","code":"C55068","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in pressure within the pulmonary circulation due to lung or heart disorder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in pressure within the pulmonary circulation due to lung or heart disorder.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Hypertension, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Pulmonary hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143793":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Valve Disease, CTCAE","code":"C143793","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a defect in pulmonary valve function or structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a defect in pulmonary valve function or structure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Valve Disease, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary valve disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143794":{"preferredName":"Purpura, CTCAE","code":"C143794","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by hemorrhagic areas of the skin and mucous membrane. Newer lesions appear reddish in color. Older lesions are usually a darker purple color and eventually become a brownish-yellow color.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by hemorrhagic areas of the skin and mucous membrane. Newer lesions appear reddish in color. Older lesions are usually a darker purple color and eventually become a brownish-yellow color.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Purpura, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143795":{"preferredName":"Pyramidal Tract Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C143795","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the corticospinal (pyramidal) tracts of the spinal cord. Symptoms include an increase in the muscle tone in the lower extremities, hyperreflexia, positive Babinski and a decrease in fine motor coordination.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the corticospinal (pyramidal) tracts of the spinal cord. Symptoms include an increase in the muscle tone in the lower extremities, hyperreflexia, positive Babinski and a decrease in fine motor coordination.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pyramidal Tract Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyramidal tract syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143796":{"preferredName":"Radiation Recall Reaction (Dermatologic), CTCAE","code":"C143796","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of acute skin inflammatory reaction caused by drugs, especially chemotherapeutic agents, for weeks or months following radiotherapy. The inflammatory reaction is confined to the previously irradiated skin and the symptoms disappear after the removal of the pharmaceutical agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of acute skin inflammatory reaction caused by drugs, especially chemotherapeutic agents, for weeks or months following radiotherapy. The inflammatory reaction is confined to the previously irradiated skin and the symptoms disappear after the removal of the pharmaceutical agent.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Radiation Recall Reaction (Dermatologic), CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiation recall reaction (dermatologic)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143797":{"preferredName":"Radiculitis, CTCAE","code":"C143797","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving a nerve root. Patients experience marked discomfort radiating along a nerve path because of spinal pressure on the connecting nerve root.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving a nerve root. Patients experience marked discomfort radiating along a nerve path because of spinal pressure on the connecting nerve root.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Radiculitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Radiculitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143798":{"preferredName":"Rash Acneiform, CTCAE","code":"C143798","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an eruption of papules and pustules, typically appearing in face, scalp, upper chest and back.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an eruption of papules and pustules, typically appearing in face, scalp, upper chest and back.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rash Acneiform, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rash acneiform","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143799":{"preferredName":"Rash Maculo-Papular, CTCAE","code":"C143799","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of macules (flat) and papules (elevated). Also known as morbillform rash, it is one of the most common cutaneous adverse events, frequently affecting the upper trunk, spreading centripetally and associated with pruritis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of macules (flat) and papules (elevated). Also known as morbillform rash, it is one of the most common cutaneous adverse events, frequently affecting the upper trunk, spreading centripetally and associated with pruritis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rash Maculo-Papular, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rash maculo-papular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143800":{"preferredName":"Rash Pustular, CTCAE","code":"C143800","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed and elevated skin lesion filled with pus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed and elevated skin lesion filled with pus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rash Pustular, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rash pustular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143801":{"preferredName":"Rectal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143801","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a rectal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a rectal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57859":{"preferredName":"Rectal Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C57859","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the rectum and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the rectum and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Rectum fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C56560":{"preferredName":"Rectal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56560","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the rectal wall and discharged from the anus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the rectal wall and discharged from the anus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Rectum hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143802":{"preferredName":"Rectal Mucositis, CTCAE","code":"C143802","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the rectum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Mucositis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal mucositis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57863":{"preferredName":"Rectal Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C57863","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the rectal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the rectal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Rectum necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C57864":{"preferredName":"Rectal Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C57864","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents in the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents in the rectum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"rectum obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C146631":{"preferredName":"Rectal Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146631","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the rectal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the rectal region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146634":{"preferredName":"Rectal Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146634","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the rectal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the rectal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143803":{"preferredName":"Rectal Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143803","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the rectum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57867":{"preferredName":"Rectal Ulcer, CTCAE","code":"C57867","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the rectum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Ulcer, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Rectum ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143804":{"preferredName":"Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy, CTCAE","code":"C143804","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143805":{"preferredName":"Renal and Urinary Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143805","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Renal and Urinary Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal and urinary disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143806":{"preferredName":"Renal Calculi, CTCAE","code":"C143806","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the formation of crystals/kidney stones in the pelvis of the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the formation of crystals/kidney stones in the pelvis of the kidney.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Renal Calculi, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal calculi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143807":{"preferredName":"Renal Colic, CTCAE","code":"C143807","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by paroxysmal and severe flank marked discomfort radiating to the inguinal area. Often, the cause is the passage of crystals/kidney stones.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by paroxysmal and severe flank marked discomfort radiating to the inguinal area. Often, the cause is the passage of crystals/kidney stones.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Renal Colic, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal colic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C56544":{"preferredName":"Renal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56544","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the kidney.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kidney hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Renal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143808":{"preferredName":"Reproductive System and Breast Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143808","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Reproductive System and Breast Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reproductive system and breast disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143809":{"preferredName":"Respiratory Failure, CTCAE","code":"C143809","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by impaired gas exchange by the respiratory system resulting in hypoxia and a decrease in oxygenation of the tissues that may be associated with an increase in arterial levels of carbon dioxide.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by impaired gas exchange by the respiratory system resulting in hypoxia and a decrease in oxygenation of the tissues that may be associated with an increase in arterial levels of carbon dioxide.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Respiratory Failure, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Respiratory failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143810":{"preferredName":"Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143810","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143811":{"preferredName":"Restlessness, CTCAE","code":"C143811","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability to rest, relax or be still.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability to rest, relax or be still.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Restlessness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Restlessness, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C55069":{"preferredName":"Restrictive Cardiomyopathy, CTCAE","code":"C55069","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability of the ventricles to fill with blood because the myocardium (heart muscle) stiffens and loses its flexibility.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability of the ventricles to fill with blood because the myocardium (heart muscle) stiffens and loses its flexibility.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Restrictive Cardiomyopathy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Restrictive cardiomyopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Restrictive cardiomyopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146729":{"preferredName":"Retinal Detachment, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146729","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the separation of the inner retina layers from the underlying pigment epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the separation of the inner retina layers from the underlying pigment epithelium.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinal Detachment, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinal detachment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143814":{"preferredName":"Retinal Tear, CTCAE","code":"C143814","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a small laceration of the retina, this occurs when the vitreous separates from the retina. Symptoms include flashes and floaters.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a small laceration of the retina, this occurs when the vitreous separates from the retina. Symptoms include flashes and floaters.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinal Tear, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinal tear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143815":{"preferredName":"Retinal Vascular Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143815","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by pathological retinal blood vessels that adversely affects vision.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by pathological retinal blood vessels that adversely affects vision.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinal Vascular Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinal vascular disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C56635":{"preferredName":"Retinoic Acid Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C56635","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by weight gain, dyspnea, pleural and pericardial effusions, leukocytosis and/or renal failure originally described in patients treated with all-trans retinoic acid.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by weight gain, dyspnea, pleural and pericardial effusions, leukocytosis and/or renal failure originally described in patients treated with all-trans retinoic acid.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinoic Acid Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinoic acid syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Retinoic acid syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55891":{"preferredName":"Retinopathy, CTCAE","code":"C55891","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder involving the retina.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder involving the retina.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Retinopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Retinopathy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146632":{"preferredName":"Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146632","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the retroperitoneal area.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the retroperitoneal area.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143818":{"preferredName":"Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C143818","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by headaches, mental status changes, visual disturbances, and/or seizures associated with imaging findings of posterior leukoencephalopathy. It has been observed in association with hypertensive encephalopathy, eclampsia, and immunosuppressive and cytotoxic drug treatment. It is an acute or subacute reversible condition. Also known as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by headaches, mental status changes, visual disturbances, and/or seizures associated with imaging findings of posterior leukoencephalopathy. It has been observed in association with hypertensive encephalopathy, eclampsia, and immunosuppressive and cytotoxic drug treatment. It is an acute or subacute reversible condition. Also known as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143819":{"preferredName":"Rhinitis Infective, CTCAE","code":"C143819","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the nasal mucosal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the nasal mucosal.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rhinitis Infective, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhinitis infective","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55070":{"preferredName":"Right Ventricular Dysfunction, CTCAE","code":"C55070","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by impairment of right ventricular function associated with low ejection fraction and a decrease in motility of the right ventricular wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by impairment of right ventricular function associated with low ejection fraction and a decrease in motility of the right ventricular wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Right Ventricular Dysfunction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Right ventricular dysfunction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Right ventricular dysfunction (cor pulmonale)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143821":{"preferredName":"Salivary Duct Inflammation, CTCAE","code":"C143821","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the salivary duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the salivary duct.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Salivary Duct Inflammation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary duct inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57868":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C57868","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between a salivary gland and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between a salivary gland and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Salivary Gland Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary gland fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Salivary gland fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143822":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143822","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the salivary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the salivary gland.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Salivary Gland Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary gland infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146772":{"preferredName":"Scalp Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146772","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the skin covering the top and the back of the head.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the skin covering the top and the back of the head.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Scalp Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scalp pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143823":{"preferredName":"Scleral Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143823","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by involvement of the sclera of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by involvement of the sclera of the eye.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Scleral Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scleral disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143824":{"preferredName":"Scoliosis, CTCAE","code":"C143824","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a malformed, lateral curvature of the spine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a malformed, lateral curvature of the spine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Scoliosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Scoliosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143825":{"preferredName":"Scrotal Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143825","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the scrotum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the scrotum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Scrotal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scrotal infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146665":{"preferredName":"Scrotal Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146665","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the scrotal area.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the scrotal area.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Scrotal Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scrotal pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146700":{"preferredName":"Seizure, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146700","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden, involuntary skeletal muscular contractions of cerebral or brain stem origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden, involuntary skeletal muscular contractions of cerebral or brain stem origin.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Seizure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Seizure, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143827":{"preferredName":"Sepsis, CTCAE","code":"C143827","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the blood stream that cause a rapidly progressing systemic reaction that may lead to shock.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the blood stream that cause a rapidly progressing systemic reaction that may lead to shock.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sepsis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Sepsis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C58401":{"preferredName":"Seroma, CTCAE","code":"C58401","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of tumor-like collection of serum in the tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of tumor-like collection of serum in the tissues.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Seroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Seroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Seroma, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143829":{"preferredName":"Serum Amylase Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143829","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in the levels of amylase in a serum specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in the levels of amylase in a serum specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serum Amylase Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serum amylase increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146642":{"preferredName":"Serum Sickness, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146642","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to foreign proteins derived from an animal serum. It occurs approximately six to twenty-one days following the administration of the foreign antigen. Symptoms include fever, arthralgias, myalgias, skin eruptions, lymphadenopathy, chest marked discomfort and dyspnea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to foreign proteins derived from an animal serum. It occurs approximately six to twenty-one days following the administration of the foreign antigen. Symptoms include fever, arthralgias, myalgias, skin eruptions, lymphadenopathy, chest marked discomfort and dyspnea.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serum Sickness, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serum sickness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C54938":{"preferredName":"Sick Sinus Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C54938","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with alternating periods of bradycardia and atrial tachycardia accompanied by syncope, fatigue and dizziness.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with alternating periods of bradycardia and atrial tachycardia accompanied by syncope, fatigue and dizziness.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sick Sinus Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Sick Sinus Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sick sinus syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C54940":{"preferredName":"Sinus Bradycardia, CTCAE","code":"C54940","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a heart rate less than 60 beats per minute that originates in the sinus node.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a heart rate less than 60 beats per minute that originates in the sinus node.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sinus Bradycardia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinus bradycardia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Sinus bradycardia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143831":{"preferredName":"Sinus Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143831","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by involvement of the paranasal sinuses.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by involvement of the paranasal sinuses.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sinus Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinus disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146783":{"preferredName":"Sinus Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146783","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the face, between the eyes, or upper teeth originating from the sinuses.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the face, between the eyes, or upper teeth originating from the sinuses.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sinus Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinus pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146759":{"preferredName":"Sinus Tachycardia, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146759","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute that originates in the sinus node.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute that originates in the sinus node.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sinus Tachycardia, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinus tachycardia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143832":{"preferredName":"Sinusitis, CTCAE","code":"C143832","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the mucous membranes of the paranasal sinuses.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the mucous membranes of the paranasal sinuses.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sinusitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Sinusitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143833":{"preferredName":"Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143833","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146644":{"preferredName":"Skin Atrophy, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146644","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the degeneration and thinning of the epidermis and dermis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the degeneration and thinning of the epidermis and dermis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Atrophy, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin atrophy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143835":{"preferredName":"Skin Hyperpigmentation, CTCAE","code":"C143835","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by darkening of the skin due to excessive melanin deposition.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by darkening of the skin due to excessive melanin deposition.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Hyperpigmentation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin hyperpigmentation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143836":{"preferredName":"Skin Hypopigmentation, CTCAE","code":"C143836","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by loss of skin pigment (e.g., vitiligo).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by loss of skin pigment (e.g., vitiligo).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Hypopigmentation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin hypopigmentation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143837":{"preferredName":"Skin Induration, CTCAE","code":"C143837","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an area of hardness in the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an area of hardness in the skin.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Induration, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin induration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143838":{"preferredName":"Skin Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143838","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the skin such as cellulitis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the skin such as cellulitis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143839":{"preferredName":"Skin Ulceration, CTCAE","code":"C143839","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the skin.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Ulceration, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin ulceration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143840":{"preferredName":"Sleep Apnea, CTCAE","code":"C143840","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by cessation of breathing for short periods during sleep.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by cessation of breathing for short periods during sleep.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sleep Apnea, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sleep apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143841":{"preferredName":"Small Intestinal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143841","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of an anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures) in the small bowel.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of an anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures) in the small bowel.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Intestinal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small intestinal anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143842":{"preferredName":"Small Intestinal Mucositis, CTCAE","code":"C143842","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the small intestine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Intestinal Mucositis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small intestinal mucositis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143843":{"preferredName":"Small Intestinal Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C143843","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents of the small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents of the small intestine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Intestinal Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small intestinal obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146635":{"preferredName":"Small Intestinal Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146635","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the small intestine wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the small intestine wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Intestinal Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small intestinal perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143844":{"preferredName":"Small Intestinal Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143844","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the small intestine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Intestinal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small intestinal stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143845":{"preferredName":"Small Intestine Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143845","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the small intestine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Intestine Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small intestine infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143846":{"preferredName":"Small Intestine Ulcer, CTCAE","code":"C143846","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the small intestine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Intestine Ulcer, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small intestine ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143847":{"preferredName":"Sneezing, CTCAE","code":"C143847","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the involuntary expulsion of air from the nose.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the involuntary expulsion of air from the nose.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sneezing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Sneezing, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143848":{"preferredName":"Social Circumstances - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143848","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Social Circumstances - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Social circumstances - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143849":{"preferredName":"Soft Tissue Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143849","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving soft tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving soft tissues.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Soft Tissue Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soft tissue infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143850":{"preferredName":"Soft Tissue Necrosis Lower Limb, CTCAE","code":"C143850","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the lower extremity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the lower extremity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Soft Tissue Necrosis Lower Limb, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soft tissue necrosis lower limb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143851":{"preferredName":"Soft Tissue Necrosis Upper Limb, CTCAE","code":"C143851","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the upper extremity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the upper extremity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Soft Tissue Necrosis Upper Limb, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soft tissue necrosis upper limb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143852":{"preferredName":"Somnolence, CTCAE","code":"C143852","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by characterized by excessive sleepiness and drowsiness.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by characterized by excessive sleepiness and drowsiness.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Somnolence","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Somnolence, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143853":{"preferredName":"Sore Throat, CTCAE","code":"C143853","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by marked discomfort in the throat","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by marked discomfort in the throat","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sore Throat, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sore throat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143854":{"preferredName":"Spasticity, CTCAE","code":"C143854","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by increased involuntary muscle tone that affects the regions interfering with voluntary movement. It results in gait, movement, and speech disturbances.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by increased involuntary muscle tone that affects the regions interfering with voluntary movement. It results in gait, movement, and speech disturbances.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spasticity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Spasticity, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143855":{"preferredName":"Spermatic Cord Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143855","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a spermatic cord anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a spermatic cord anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spermatic Cord Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spermatic cord anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C56563":{"preferredName":"Spermatic Cord Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56563","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the spermatic cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the spermatic cord.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spermatic Cord Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spermatic cord hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Spermatic cord hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146757":{"preferredName":"Spermatic Cord Obstruction, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146757","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents of the spermatic cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents of the spermatic cord.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spermatic Cord Obstruction, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spermatic cord obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143856":{"preferredName":"Spinal Fracture, CTCAE","code":"C143856","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of traumatic injury to the spine in which the continuity of a vertebral bone is broken.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of traumatic injury to the spine in which the continuity of a vertebral bone is broken.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spinal Fracture, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spinal fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143857":{"preferredName":"Splenic Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143857","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the spleen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the spleen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Splenic Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143858":{"preferredName":"Stenosis of Gastrointestinal Stoma, CTCAE","code":"C143858","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of narrowing of the gastrointestinal stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of narrowing of the gastrointestinal stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stenosis of Gastrointestinal Stoma, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stenosis of gastrointestinal stoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143859":{"preferredName":"Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C143859","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by less than 10% total body skin area separation of dermis. The syndrome is thought to be a hypersensitivity complex affecting the skin and the mucous membranes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by less than 10% total body skin area separation of dermis. The syndrome is thought to be a hypersensitivity complex affecting the skin and the mucous membranes.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stevens-Johnson syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143860":{"preferredName":"Stoma Site Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143860","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving a stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving a stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stoma Site Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stoma site infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146774":{"preferredName":"Stomach Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146774","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the stomach.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stomach Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stomach pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146694":{"preferredName":"Stomal Ulcer, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146694","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the jejunal mucosal surface close to the anastomosis site following a gastroenterostomy procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the jejunal mucosal surface close to the anastomosis site following a gastroenterostomy procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stomal Ulcer, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stomal ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143861":{"preferredName":"Stridor, CTCAE","code":"C143861","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a high pitched breathing sound due to laryngeal or upper airway obstruction.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a high pitched breathing sound due to laryngeal or upper airway obstruction.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stridor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Stridor, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143862":{"preferredName":"Stroke, CTCAE","code":"C143862","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease or absence of blood supply to the brain caused by obstruction (thrombosis or embolism) of an artery resulting in neurological damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease or absence of blood supply to the brain caused by obstruction (thrombosis or embolism) of an artery resulting in neurological damage.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stroke","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Stroke, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143863":{"preferredName":"Sudden Death NOS, CTCAE","code":"C143863","definitions":[{"description":"An unexpected death that cannot be attributed to a CTCAE term associated with Grade 5.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"An unexpected death that cannot be attributed to a CTCAE term associated with Grade 5.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sudden Death NOS, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sudden death NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143864":{"preferredName":"Suicidal Ideation, CTCAE","code":"C143864","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by thoughts of taking one's own life.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by thoughts of taking one's own life.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Suicidal Ideation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Suicidal ideation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143865":{"preferredName":"Suicide Attempt, CTCAE","code":"C143865","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by self-inflicted harm in an attempt to end one's own life.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by self-inflicted harm in an attempt to end one's own life.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Suicide Attempt, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Suicide attempt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143866":{"preferredName":"Superficial Soft Tissue Fibrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143866","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by fibrotic degeneration of the superficial soft tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by fibrotic degeneration of the superficial soft tissues.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Superficial Soft Tissue Fibrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial soft tissue fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143867":{"preferredName":"Superficial Thrombophlebitis, CTCAE","code":"C143867","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a blood clot and inflammation involving a superficial vein of the extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a blood clot and inflammation involving a superficial vein of the extremities.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Superficial Thrombophlebitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial thrombophlebitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143868":{"preferredName":"Superior Vena Cava Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C143868","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by obstruction of the blood flow in the superior vena cava. Signs and symptoms include swelling and cyanosis of the face, neck, and upper arms, cough, orthopnea and headache.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by obstruction of the blood flow in the superior vena cava. Signs and symptoms include swelling and cyanosis of the face, neck, and upper arms, cough, orthopnea and headache.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Superior Vena Cava Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superior vena cava syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C54945":{"preferredName":"Supraventricular Tachycardia, CTCAE","code":"C54945","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute that originates above the ventricles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute that originates above the ventricles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Supraventricular Tachycardia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supraventricular tachycardia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Supraventricular tachycardia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143869":{"preferredName":"Surgical and Medical Procedures - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143869","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Surgical and Medical Procedures - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surgical and medical procedures - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146750":{"preferredName":"Syncope, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146750","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by spontaneous loss of consciousness caused by insufficient blood supply to the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by spontaneous loss of consciousness caused by insufficient blood supply to the brain.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Syncope","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Syncope, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146740":{"preferredName":"Telangiectasia, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146740","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by local dilatation of small vessels resulting in red discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by local dilatation of small vessels resulting in red discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Telangiectasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Telangiectasia, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143872":{"preferredName":"Testicular Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143872","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormal function or appearance of the testis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormal function or appearance of the testis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Testicular Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C56566":{"preferredName":"Testicular Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56566","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the testis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the testis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Testes hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Testicular Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146666":{"preferredName":"Testicular Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146666","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the testis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the testis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Testicular Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143873":{"preferredName":"Thromboembolic Event, CTCAE","code":"C143873","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by occlusion of a vessel by a thrombus that has migrated from a distal site via the blood stream.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by occlusion of a vessel by a thrombus that has migrated from a distal site via the blood stream.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thromboembolic Event, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thromboembolic event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143874":{"preferredName":"Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura, CTCAE","code":"C143874","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura, fever, renal abnormalities and neurological abnormalities such as seizures, hemiplegia, and visual disturbances. It is an acute or subacute condition.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura, fever, renal abnormalities and neurological abnormalities such as seizures, hemiplegia, and visual disturbances. It is an acute or subacute condition.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146690":{"preferredName":"Tinnitus, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146690","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by noise in the ears, such as ringing, buzzing, roaring or clicking.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by noise in the ears, such as ringing, buzzing, roaring or clicking.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tinnitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Tinnitus, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143876":{"preferredName":"Tooth Development Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143876","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a pathological process of the teeth occurring during tooth development.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a pathological process of the teeth occurring during tooth development.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tooth Development Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tooth development disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143877":{"preferredName":"Tooth Discoloration, CTCAE","code":"C143877","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a change in tooth hue or tint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a change in tooth hue or tint.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tooth Discoloration, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tooth discoloration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143878":{"preferredName":"Tooth Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143878","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving a tooth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving a tooth.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tooth Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tooth infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143879":{"preferredName":"Toothache, CTCAE","code":"C143879","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the tooth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the tooth.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Toothache","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Toothache, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143880":{"preferredName":"Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, CTCAE","code":"C143880","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by greater than 30% total body skin area separation of dermis. The syndrome is thought to be a hypersensitivity complex affecting the skin and the mucous membranes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by greater than 30% total body skin area separation of dermis. The syndrome is thought to be a hypersensitivity complex affecting the skin and the mucous membranes.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toxic epidermal necrolysis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C58205":{"preferredName":"Tracheal Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C58205","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the trachea and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the trachea and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trachea fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Tracheal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tracheal fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C56567":{"preferredName":"Tracheal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56567","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the trachea.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trachea hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Tracheal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tracheal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143881":{"preferredName":"Tracheal Mucositis, CTCAE","code":"C143881","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inflammation or ulceration involving the mucous membrane of the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inflammation or ulceration involving the mucous membrane of the trachea.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tracheal Mucositis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tracheal mucositis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143882":{"preferredName":"Tracheal Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C143882","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the lumen of the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the lumen of the trachea.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tracheal Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tracheal obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143883":{"preferredName":"Tracheal Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143883","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the trachea.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tracheal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tracheal stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143884":{"preferredName":"Tracheitis, CTCAE","code":"C143884","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the trachea.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tracheitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Tracheitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143885":{"preferredName":"Tracheostomy Site Bleeding, CTCAE","code":"C143885","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the tracheostomy site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the tracheostomy site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tracheostomy Site Bleeding, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tracheostomy site bleeding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143886":{"preferredName":"Transient Ischemic Attacks, CTCAE","code":"C143886","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a brief attack (less than 24 hours) of cerebral dysfunction of vascular origin, with no persistent neurological deficit.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a brief attack (less than 24 hours) of cerebral dysfunction of vascular origin, with no persistent neurological deficit.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Transient Ischemic Attacks, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transient ischemic attacks","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143887":{"preferredName":"Treatment Related Secondary Malignancy, CTCAE","code":"C143887","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by development of a malignancy most probably as a result of treatment for a previously existing malignancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by development of a malignancy most probably as a result of treatment for a previously existing malignancy.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Treatment Related Secondary Malignancy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment related secondary malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146780":{"preferredName":"Tremor, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146780","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the uncontrolled shaking movement of the whole body or individual parts.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the uncontrolled shaking movement of the whole body or individual parts.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tremor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Tremor, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143889":{"preferredName":"Tricuspid Valve Disease, CTCAE","code":"C143889","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a defect in tricuspid valve function or structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a defect in tricuspid valve function or structure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tricuspid Valve Disease, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tricuspid valve disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143890":{"preferredName":"Trigeminal Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143890","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the trigeminal nerve (fifth cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the trigeminal nerve (fifth cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trigeminal Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trigeminal nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C58404":{"preferredName":"Trismus, CTCAE","code":"C58404","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by lack of ability to open the mouth fully due to a decrease in the range of motion of the muscles of mastication.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by lack of ability to open the mouth fully due to a decrease in the range of motion of the muscles of mastication.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trismus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Trismus (difficulty, restriction or pain when opening mouth)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Trismus, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146688":{"preferredName":"Tumor Lysis Syndrome, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146688","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by metabolic abnormalities that result from a spontaneous or therapy-related cytolysis of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by metabolic abnormalities that result from a spontaneous or therapy-related cytolysis of tumor cells.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tumor Lysis Syndrome, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor lysis syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146782":{"preferredName":"Tumor Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146782","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort from a neoplasm that may be pressing on a nerve, blocking blood vessels, inflamed or fractured from metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort from a neoplasm that may be pressing on a nerve, blocking blood vessels, inflamed or fractured from metastasis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tumor Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146730":{"preferredName":"Typhlitis, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146730","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by necrotizing enterocolitis in neutropenic patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by necrotizing enterocolitis in neutropenic patients.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Typhlitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Typhlitis, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143894":{"preferredName":"Unequal Limb Length, CTCAE","code":"C143894","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a discrepancy between the lengths of the lower or upper extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a discrepancy between the lengths of the lower or upper extremities.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Unequal Limb Length, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unequal limb length","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143895":{"preferredName":"Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143895","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract (oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract (oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143896":{"preferredName":"Upper Respiratory Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143896","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the upper respiratory tract (nose, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, or trachea).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the upper respiratory tract (nose, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, or trachea).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Upper Respiratory Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper respiratory infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143897":{"preferredName":"Ureteric Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143897","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a ureteral anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a ureteral anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ureteric Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ureteric anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143898":{"preferredName":"Urethral Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143898","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a urethral anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a urethral anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urethral Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urethral anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143899":{"preferredName":"Urethral Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143899","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the urethra.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the urethra.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urethral Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urethral infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143900":{"preferredName":"Urinary Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C143900","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between any part of the urinary system and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between any part of the urinary system and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urinary Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143901":{"preferredName":"Urinary Frequency, CTCAE","code":"C143901","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by urination at short intervals.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by urination at short intervals.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urinary Frequency, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary frequency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146786":{"preferredName":"Urinary Incontinence, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146786","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inability to control the flow of urine from the bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inability to control the flow of urine from the bladder.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urinary Incontinence, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary incontinence","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57097":{"preferredName":"Urinary Retention, CTCAE","code":"C57097","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of urine within the bladder because of the inability to urinate.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of urine within the bladder because of the inability to urinate.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urinary Retention, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary retention","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Urinary retention (including neurogenic bladder)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143904":{"preferredName":"Urinary Tract Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143904","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the urinary tract, most commonly the bladder and the urethra.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the urinary tract, most commonly the bladder and the urethra.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urinary Tract Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary tract infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143905":{"preferredName":"Urinary Tract Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C143905","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of contents of the urinary tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of contents of the urinary tract.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urinary Tract Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary tract obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143906":{"preferredName":"Urinary Tract Pain, CTCAE","code":"C143906","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the urinary tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the urinary tract.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urinary Tract Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary tract pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143907":{"preferredName":"Urinary Urgency, CTCAE","code":"C143907","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden compelling urge to urinate.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden compelling urge to urinate.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urinary Urgency, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary urgency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143908":{"preferredName":"Urine Discoloration, CTCAE","code":"C143908","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a change in the color of the urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a change in the color of the urine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urine Discoloration, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urine discoloration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143909":{"preferredName":"Urine Output Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143909","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on test results that indicate urine production is less relative to previous output.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on test results that indicate urine production is less relative to previous output.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urine Output Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urine output decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143910":{"preferredName":"Urostomy Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143910","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage of contents from a urostomy.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage of contents from a urostomy.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urostomy Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urostomy leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143911":{"preferredName":"Urostomy Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C143911","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the urostomy.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the urostomy.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urostomy Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urostomy obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143912":{"preferredName":"Urostomy Site Bleeding, CTCAE","code":"C143912","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the urostomy site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the urostomy site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urostomy Site Bleeding, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urostomy site bleeding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143913":{"preferredName":"Urostomy Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143913","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of narrowing of the opening of a urostomy.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of narrowing of the opening of a urostomy.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urostomy Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urostomy stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C58019":{"preferredName":"Urticaria, CTCAE","code":"C58019","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an itchy skin eruption characterized by wheals with pale interiors and well-defined red margins.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an itchy skin eruption characterized by wheals with pale interiors and well-defined red margins.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urticaria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Urticaria (hives, welts, wheals)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Urticaria, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143915":{"preferredName":"Uterine Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143915","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a uterine anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a uterine anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uterine Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143916":{"preferredName":"Uterine Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C143916","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the uterus and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the uterus and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uterine Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C56572":{"preferredName":"Uterine Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56572","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the uterus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uterine Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Uterus hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}]}}{"C143917":{"preferredName":"Uterine Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143917","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the endometrium. It may extend to the myometrium and parametrial tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the endometrium. It may extend to the myometrium and parametrial tissues.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uterine Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143918":{"preferredName":"Uterine Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C143918","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the uterine outlet.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the uterine outlet.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uterine Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146683":{"preferredName":"Uterine Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146683","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the uterus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uterine Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143919":{"preferredName":"Uterine Perforation, CTCAE","code":"C143919","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the uterine wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the uterine wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uterine Perforation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55901":{"preferredName":"Uveitis, CTCAE","code":"C55901","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation to the uvea of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation to the uvea of the eye.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uveitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Uveitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Uveitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143921":{"preferredName":"Vaginal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143921","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a vaginal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a vaginal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vaginal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143922":{"preferredName":"Vaginal Discharge, CTCAE","code":"C143922","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by vaginal secretions. Mucus produced by the cervical glands is discharged from the vagina naturally, especially during the childbearing years.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by vaginal secretions. Mucus produced by the cervical glands is discharged from the vagina naturally, especially during the childbearing years.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vaginal Discharge, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal discharge","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146687":{"preferredName":"Vaginal Dryness, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146687","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an uncomfortable feeling of itching and burning in the vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an uncomfortable feeling of itching and burning in the vagina.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vaginal Dryness, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal dryness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57104":{"preferredName":"Vaginal Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C57104","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the vagina and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the vagina and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vagina fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Vaginal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C56573":{"preferredName":"Vaginal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56573","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the vagina.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vagina hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Vaginal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143924":{"preferredName":"Vaginal Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143924","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the vagina.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vaginal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143925":{"preferredName":"Vaginal Inflammation, CTCAE","code":"C143925","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving the vagina. Symptoms may include redness, edema, marked discomfort and an increase in vaginal discharge.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving the vagina. Symptoms may include redness, edema, marked discomfort and an increase in vaginal discharge.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vaginal Inflammation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146696":{"preferredName":"Vaginal Obstruction, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146696","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of vaginal canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of vaginal canal.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vaginal Obstruction, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146684":{"preferredName":"Vaginal Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146684","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the vagina.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vaginal Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146697":{"preferredName":"Vaginal Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146697","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the vaginal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the vaginal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vaginal Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143926":{"preferredName":"Vaginal Stricture, CTCAE","code":"C143926","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the vaginal canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the vaginal canal.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vaginal Stricture, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal stricture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143927":{"preferredName":"Vagus Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143927","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the vagus nerve (tenth cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the vagus nerve (tenth cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vagus Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vagus nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143928":{"preferredName":"Vas Deferens Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143928","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a vas deferens anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a vas deferens anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vas Deferens Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vas deferens anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143929":{"preferredName":"Vascular Access Complication, CTCAE","code":"C143929","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of a previously undocumented problem related to the vascular access site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of a previously undocumented problem related to the vascular access site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vascular Access Complication, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vascular access complication","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143930":{"preferredName":"Vascular Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143930","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vascular Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vascular disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C54741":{"preferredName":"Vasculitis, CTCAE","code":"C54741","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving the wall of a vessel.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving the wall of a vessel.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vasculitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Vasculitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Vasculitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143932":{"preferredName":"Vasovagal Reaction, CTCAE","code":"C143932","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden drop of the blood pressure, bradycardia, and peripheral vasodilation that may lead to loss of consciousness. It results from an increase in the stimulation of the vagus nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden drop of the blood pressure, bradycardia, and peripheral vasodilation that may lead to loss of consciousness. It results from an increase in the stimulation of the vagus nerve.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vasovagal Reaction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vasovagal reaction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143933":{"preferredName":"Venous Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143933","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to a vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to a vein.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Venous Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Venous injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146629":{"preferredName":"Ventricular Arrhythmia, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146629","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia that originates in the ventricles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia that originates in the ventricles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ventricular Arrhythmia, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricular arrhythmia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146732":{"preferredName":"Ventricular Fibrillation, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146732","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia without discernible QRS complexes due to rapid repetitive excitation of myocardial fibers without coordinated contraction of the ventricles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia without discernible QRS complexes due to rapid repetitive excitation of myocardial fibers without coordinated contraction of the ventricles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ventricular Fibrillation, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricular fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146733":{"preferredName":"Ventricular Tachycardia, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146733","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute that originates distal to the bundle of His.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute that originates distal to the bundle of His.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ventricular Tachycardia, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricular tachycardia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143935":{"preferredName":"Vertigo, CTCAE","code":"C143935","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation as if the external world were revolving around the patient (objective vertigo) or as if he himself were revolving in space (subjective vertigo).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation as if the external world were revolving around the patient (objective vertigo) or as if he himself were revolving in space (subjective vertigo).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vertigo","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Vertigo, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143936":{"preferredName":"Vestibular Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143936","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dizziness, imbalance, nausea, and vision problems.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dizziness, imbalance, nausea, and vision problems.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vestibular Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vestibular disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143937":{"preferredName":"Virilization, CTCAE","code":"C143937","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inappropriate masculinization occurring in a female or prepubertal male.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inappropriate masculinization occurring in a female or prepubertal male.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Virilization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Virilization, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143938":{"preferredName":"Visceral Arterial Ischemia, CTCAE","code":"C143938","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in blood supply due to narrowing or blockage of a visceral (mesenteric) artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in blood supply due to narrowing or blockage of a visceral (mesenteric) artery.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Visceral Arterial Ischemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Visceral arterial ischemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143939":{"preferredName":"Vital Capacity Abnormal, CTCAE","code":"C143939","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on pulmonary function test results that indicate an abnormal vital capacity (amount of exhaled after a maximum inhalation) when compared to the predicted value.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on pulmonary function test results that indicate an abnormal vital capacity (amount of exhaled after a maximum inhalation) when compared to the predicted value.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vital Capacity Abnormal, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vital capacity abnormal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C146677":{"preferredName":"Vitreous Hemorrhage, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146677","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding into the vitreous humor.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding into the vitreous humor.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vitreous Hemorrhage, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitreous hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143941":{"preferredName":"Voice Alteration, CTCAE","code":"C143941","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a change in the sound and/or speed of the voice.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a change in the sound and/or speed of the voice.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Voice Alteration, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Voice alteration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C57896":{"preferredName":"Vomiting, CTCAE","code":"C57896","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the reflexive act of ejecting the contents of the stomach through the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the reflexive act of ejecting the contents of the stomach through the mouth.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vomiting","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Vomiting","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Vomiting, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143943":{"preferredName":"Vulval Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143943","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the vulva.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the vulva.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vulval Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulval infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143944":{"preferredName":"Watering Eyes, CTCAE","code":"C143944","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive tearing in the eyes; it can be caused by overproduction of tears or impaired drainage of the tear duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive tearing in the eyes; it can be caused by overproduction of tears or impaired drainage of the tear duct.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Watering Eyes, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Watering eyes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55338":{"preferredName":"Weight Gain, CTCAE","code":"C55338","definitions":[{"description":"A finding characterized by an unexpected or abnormal increase in overall body weight; for pediatrics, greater than the baseline growth curve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding characterized by an unexpected or abnormal increase in overall body weight; for pediatrics, greater than the baseline growth curve.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Weight Gain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Weight gain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Weight gain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C55339":{"preferredName":"Weight Loss, CTCAE","code":"C55339","definitions":[{"description":"A finding characterized by a decrease in overall body weight; for pediatrics, less than the baseline growth curve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding characterized by a decrease in overall body weight; for pediatrics, less than the baseline growth curve.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Weight Loss, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Weight loss","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Weight loss","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143947":{"preferredName":"Wheezing, CTCAE","code":"C143947","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a high-pitched, whistling sound during breathing. It results from the narrowing or obstruction of the respiratory airways.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a high-pitched, whistling sound during breathing. It results from the narrowing or obstruction of the respiratory airways.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wheezing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Wheezing, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143948":{"preferredName":"White Blood Cell Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143948","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in number of white blood cells in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in number of white blood cells in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"White Blood Cell Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"White blood cell decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143949":{"preferredName":"Wound Complication, CTCAE","code":"C143949","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of development of a new problem at the site of an existing wound.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of development of a new problem at the site of an existing wound.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wound Complication, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wound complication","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143950":{"preferredName":"Wound Dehiscence, CTCAE","code":"C143950","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of separation of the approximated margins of a surgical wound.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of separation of the approximated margins of a surgical wound.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wound Dehiscence, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wound dehiscence","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143951":{"preferredName":"Wound Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143951","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the wound.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the wound.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wound Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wound infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C143952":{"preferredName":"Wrist Fracture, CTCAE","code":"C143952","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of traumatic injury to the wrist joint in which the continuity of a wrist bone is broken.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of traumatic injury to the wrist joint in which the continuity of a wrist bone is broken.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wrist Fracture, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wrist fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}]}}{"C18084":{"preferredName":"Comparative Genomic Hybridization","code":"C18084","definitions":[{"description":"Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a technique that allows the detection of losses and gains in DNA copy number across the entire genome without prior knowledge of specific chromosomal abnormalities. Comparative genomic hybridization utilizes the hybridization of differentially labeled tumor and reference DNA to generate a map of DNA copy number changes in tumor genomes. Comparative genomic hybridization is an ideal tool for analyzing chromosomal imbalances in archived tumor material and for examining possible correlations between these findings and tumor phenotypes. (from Ried et al. J Mol Med 1997 75:801-14)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Comparative Genome Hybridization","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Comparative Genomic Analysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Comparative Genomic Hybridization","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Comparative Genomic Hybridization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17563":{"preferredName":"Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization","code":"C17563","definitions":[{"description":"A laboratory technique used to look at genes or chromosomes in cells and tissues. Pieces of DNA that contain a fluorescent dye are made in the laboratory and added to cells or tissues on a glass slide. When these pieces of DNA bind to specific genes or areas of chromosomes on the slide, they light up when viewed under a microscope with a special light.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A physical mapping approach that uses fluorescent tags to detect hybridization of probes within metaphase chromosomes or less condensed somatic interphase chromatin. This technique can be used for identification of chromosomal abnormalities and for gene mapping.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A physical mapping approach that uses fluorescent tags to detect hybridization of probes within metaphase chromosomes or less condensed somatic interphase chromatin. This technique can be used for identification of chromosomal abnormalities and for gene mapping.","attr":"from Online Medical Dictionary and NHGRI Glossary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FISH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"FISH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FISH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"fluorescence in situ hybridization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C16585":{"preferredName":"Flow Cytometry","code":"C16585","definitions":[{"description":"A method of measuring the number of cells in a sample, the percentage of live cells in a sample, and certain characteristics of cells, such as size, shape, and the presence of tumor markers on the cell surface. The cells are stained with a light-sensitive dye, placed in a fluid, and passed in a stream before a laser or other type of light. The measurements are based on how the light-sensitive dye reacts to the light.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A technique for counting, examining or sorting microscopic particles suspended in a stream of fluid. The cells are placed in a fluid (with or without light-sensitive dye) and passed in a stream before a laser or other type of light.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A technique for counting, examining and sorting microscopic particles suspended in a stream of fluid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLOW CYTOMETRY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Flow Cytometry","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flow Cytometry","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Flow Cytometry","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"flow cytometry","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C23020":{"preferredName":"Immunohistochemistry Staining Method","code":"C23020","definitions":[{"description":"A technique used to identify specific molecules in different kinds of tissue. The tissue is treated with antibodies that bind the specific molecule. These are made visible under a microscope by using a color reaction, a radioisotope, colloidal gold, or a fluorescent dye. Immunohistochemistry is used to help diagnose diseases, such as cancer, and to detect the presence of microorganisms. It is also used in basic research to understand how cells grow and differentiate (become more specialized).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Immunohistochemical staining techniques allow for the visualization of antigens via the sequential application of a specific antibody to the antigen (primary antibody), a secondary antibody to the primary antibody and an enzyme complex with a chromogenic substrate. The enzymatic activation of the chromogen results in a visible reaction product at the antigen site. The specimen may then be counterstained and coverslipped. Results are interpreted using a light microscope and aid in the differential diagnosis of pathophysiological processes, which may or may not be associated with a particular antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Immunohistochemical staining techniques allow for the visualization of antigens via the sequential application of a specific antibody to the antigen (primary antibody), a secondary antibody to the primary antibody and an enzyme complex with a chromogenic substrate. The enzymatic activation of the chromogen results in a visible reaction product at the antigen site. The specimen may then be counterstained and coverslipped. Results are interpreted using a light microscope and aid in the differential diagnosis of pathophysiological processes, which may or may not be associated with a particular antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cell/Tissue, Immunohistochemistry","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IHC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IHC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Immunohistochemistry","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Immunohistochemistry","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunohistochemistry Staining Method","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunohistochemistry Staining Method","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunohistochemistry Staining Method","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"immunohistochemistry","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C16768":{"preferredName":"Karyotyping","code":"C16768","definitions":[{"description":"The preparation, analysis, and interpretation of a karyotype, the representation of the chromosome set of a cell sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The preparation, analysis, and interpretation of a karyotype, the representation of the chromosome set of a cell.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genetics, Karyotyping","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KARYOTYPING","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Karotype Analysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Karyotyping","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C18477":{"preferredName":"Microarray Analysis","code":"C18477","definitions":[{"description":"Information about all messenger RNAs that are made in various cell types. A gene expression profile may be used to find and diagnose a disease or condition and to see how well the body responds to treatment. Gene expression profiles may be used in personalized medicine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Analysis using microarray technology (e.g., cDNA arrays to see gene expression or protein microarrays to profile the pattern of proteins).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gene Expression Profiling","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microarray Analysis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Microarray Analysis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microarray Analysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microarray Technology","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microarray-Based Analysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gene expression profile","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C63331":{"preferredName":"Microsatellite Instability Analysis","code":"C63331","definitions":[{"description":"A laboratory procedure to detect microsatellite instability.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MSI Analysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microsatellite Instability Analysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microsatellite Instability Analysis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Microsatellite Instability Analysis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C124261":{"preferredName":"Whole Transcriptome Sequencing","code":"C124261","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure that can determine the nucleotide sequence for all of the RNA transcripts in an individual.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RNA Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RNA-Seq","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Total RNA Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Total RNA-Seq","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transcriptome Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Whole Transcriptome Sequencing","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Whole Transcriptome Sequencing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C18136":{"preferredName":"Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction","code":"C18136","definitions":[{"description":"A molecular biology technique used to recreate and amplify complimentary DNA (cDNA) from total RNA or messenger RNA (mRNA).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A laboratory procedure in which an RNA strand is first transcribed into a DNA complement and then subjected to PCR amplification. Transcribing an RNA strand into a DNA complement is termed reverse transcription and is done by the enzyme reverse transcriptase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE PCR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RT-PCR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RT-PCR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C17565":{"preferredName":"Sequence Analysis","code":"C17565","definitions":[{"description":"The determination of the sequence of component residues in a macromolecule, e.g. amino acids in a protein or nucleotide bases in DNA/RNA or the computational analysis performed to determine the similarities between nonidentical proteins or molecules of DNA or RNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sequence Analysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sequence Analysis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16356":{"preferredName":"Southern Blotting","code":"C16356","definitions":[{"description":"Electrophoresis-based technique used in genetic testing to detect large deletions in DNA that can be missed by PCR-based genetic testing methods.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A technique for the detection of specific DNA fragments that have been separated by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, transferred to a nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane, and detected by hybridization and visualization with a labeled probe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blotting, Southern","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Southern Blot","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Southern Blot Hybridization","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Southern Blotting","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Southern Blotting","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Southern blot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C130177":{"preferredName":"Next Generation Targeted Sequencing","code":"C130177","definitions":[{"description":"A type of next generation sequencing in which specific genes or portions of genes are targeted for sequencing using amplicon-based workflow.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A technique that determines the nucleotide sequence of a pre-specified region of DNA or RNA by using primers that are specific for that region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NEXT GENERATION TARGETED SEQUENCING","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Next Generation Targeted Sequencing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Targeted Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C101294":{"preferredName":"Whole Genome Sequencing","code":"C101294","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure that can determine the DNA sequence for nearly the entire genome of an individual.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"WGS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Whole Genome Sequencing","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Whole Genome Sequencing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C101295":{"preferredName":"Whole Exome Sequencing","code":"C101295","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure that can determine the DNA sequence for all of the exons in an individual.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Exome Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WES","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WXS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Whole Exome Sequencing","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Whole Exome Sequencing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Whole-Exome Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C18280":{"preferredName":"Cytogenetic Analysis","code":"C18280","definitions":[{"description":"The determination of the holistic or specific regional aberrations in a chromosome (insertions, deletions, amplifications, translocations).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Techniques for analysis of chromosomal and subchromosomal properties and structures, such as those to diagnose, classify, screen for, or manage genetic diseases and abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHROMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chromosomal Aberration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chromosomal Aberration","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cytogenetic Analysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytogenetic Analysis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cytogenetic Analysis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytogenetic Techniques","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17562":{"preferredName":"In Situ Hybridization","code":"C17562","definitions":[{"description":"Use of a DNA or RNA probe to detect the presence of complementary sequences in chromosomes, cells, or tissues. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Use of a DNA or RNA probe to detect the presence of complementary sequences in chromosomes, cells, or tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genetics, in situ Hybridization","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"In Situ Hybridization","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"In Situ Hybridization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C63433":{"preferredName":"3' Untranslated Region Mutation","code":"C63433","definitions":[{"description":"Any mutation in a gene occurring in the 3' end which contains sequences which may regulate the transcription or translation of the message. 3' UTR mutations are found only outside of open reading frames.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3 Prime UTR Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3' UTR Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3' Untranslated Region Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C63432":{"preferredName":"5' Untranslated Region Mutation","code":"C63432","definitions":[{"description":"Any mutation in a gene occurring in the 5' end which contains sequences which may regulate the transcription or translation of the message. 5' UTR mutations are found only outside of open-reading frames.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5 Prime UTR Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5' UTR Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5' Untranslated Region Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148639":{"preferredName":"Exon Mutation","code":"C148639","definitions":[{"description":"A change in the nucleotide sequence of an exon in a gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Coding Region Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coding Sequence Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exon Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C63431":{"preferredName":"3' Flank Mutation","code":"C63431","definitions":[{"description":"Any gene mutation that occurs in the sequences downstream from a coding region of interest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3' Flank Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Downstream Gene Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148640":{"preferredName":"Elongation Mutation","code":"C148640","definitions":[{"description":"The mutation of either a splice site or stop codon that leads to an extended transcript.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Elongation Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Feature Elongation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148641":{"preferredName":"Truncation Mutation","code":"C148641","definitions":[{"description":"The mutation of either a splice site or stop codon that leads to a truncated transcript.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Feature Truncation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Truncation Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17345":{"preferredName":"Vasopressin Receptor","code":"C17345","definitions":[{"description":"The biologic effects of arginine vasopressin (AVP) are mediated by 3 receptor subtypes: the V1A and V1B receptors that activate phospholipases via G alpha (q/11), and the V2 receptor that activates adenylyl cyclase by interacting with G alpha (s). This subfamily of G-protein coupled receptors also includes OXT receptors. Their activity is mediated by G proteins which stimulate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. All are involved in the control of body fluid osmolality, blood volume, blood pressure, and vascular tone. (from OMIM)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVPR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arginine Vasopressin Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vasopressin Receptor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148642":{"preferredName":"Intergenic Mutation","code":"C148642","definitions":[{"description":"A change in the nucleotide sequence of a region between gene loci.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intergenic Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intergenic Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C63429":{"preferredName":"Intronic Mutation","code":"C63429","definitions":[{"description":"Any mutation within an intron, including the sequences that comprise the intron boundary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intron Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intron Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intronic Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C18133":{"preferredName":"Missense Mutation","code":"C18133","definitions":[{"description":"A single base pair substitution that alters the genetic code in a way that produces an amino acid that is different from the usual amino acid at that position. Some missense mutations will alter the function of the protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A point mutation occurring within the protein-coding region of a gene, and which codes for a different amino acid than expected.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Exon Non-Synonymous Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exonic Non-Synonymous Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Missense Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Missense Mutation Abnormality","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Missense Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mutation, Missense","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Synonymous Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Altering Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Substitution Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"missense mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C148643":{"preferredName":"Non-Sense Mediated Decay Mutation","code":"C148643","definitions":[{"description":"A mutation occurring in a sequence that regulates non-sense mediated mRNA decay.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NMD Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMD Transcript Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Sense Mediated Decay Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148647":{"preferredName":"Regulatory Region Deletion","code":"C148647","definitions":[{"description":"A deletion mutation where the deleted sequence includes of a regulatory region for a gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Regulatory Region Ablation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Regulatory Region Deletion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148648":{"preferredName":"Regulatory Region Amplification","code":"C148648","definitions":[{"description":"An increase in the copy number of a region containing a regulatory sequence for a gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Regulatory Region Amplification","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148646":{"preferredName":"Regulatory Region Mutation","code":"C148646","definitions":[{"description":"A change in the nucleotide sequence of a regulatory region for a gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Regulatory Region Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Regulatory Region Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45389":{"preferredName":"Acceptor Splice Site SNP","code":"C45389","definitions":[{"description":"A heritable single nucleotide polymorphism located at the acceptor splice site in certain allelic variants of eukaryotic genes. These sites are located in genes at intron to exon junctions at the 3' end of the intron.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acceptor Splice Site SNP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intronic, Acceptor Splice Site SNP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splice Acceptor Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45390":{"preferredName":"Donor Splice Site SNP","code":"C45390","definitions":[{"description":"An inherited single base change at a donor splice site in a genomic DNA sequence that results in an allelic variant of the wild-type gene. Donor splice sites are located at exon to intron junctions at the 5' end of the intron.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Donor Splice Site SNP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intronic, Donor Splice Site SNP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splice Donor Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C19798":{"preferredName":"Splice-Site Mutation","code":"C19798","definitions":[{"description":"Any mutation that occurs within the discrete sequences comprising the 5' or 3' splice sites of a gene that has a spliced message. Splice-site mutation may result in a deletion or insertion of extraneous amino acids in the gene product or a change in the reading frame of the spliced message.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intron Splice Site Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intronic Splice Site Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splice Region Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splice-Juction Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splice-Site Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splice-Site Mutation Abnormality","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148649":{"preferredName":"Start Lost Mutation","code":"C148649","definitions":[{"description":"A mutation occurring within the start codon of a gene that results in a sequence that no longer encodes a start codon. This can result in a gene deletion or gene transcription may start from an alternative start site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Start Lost","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Start Lost Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C62198":{"preferredName":"Nonsense Mutation","code":"C62198","definitions":[{"description":"A mutation that alters the genetic code in a way that causes the premature termination of a protein. The altered protein may be partially or completely inactivated, resulting in a change or loss of protein function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A point mutation occurring within the protein-coding region of a gene, and which codes for a stop that can truncate the protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nonsense Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Premature Termination Abnormality","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Premature Termination Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stop Gain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nonsense mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C148650":{"preferredName":"Nonstop Mutation","code":"C148650","definitions":[{"description":"A mutation occurring within the stop codon of a gene that results in a sequence that no longer encodes a stop codon and results in the transcription of non-coding regions downstream of the gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nonstop Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Read-Through Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stop Lost","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148651":{"preferredName":"Silent Stop Codon Mutation","code":"C148651","definitions":[{"description":"A mutation occurring within the stop codon of a gene, which still encodes a stop codon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Silent Stop Codon Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stop Retained Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C20629":{"preferredName":"Silent Mutation","code":"C20629","definitions":[{"description":"A point mutation occurring within the protein-coding region of a gene, and which codes for the same amino acid as expected.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Exon Synonymous Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exonic Synonymous Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mutation, Silent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Silent Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synonymous Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synonymous Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148652":{"preferredName":"Transcription Factor Binding Site Mutation","code":"C148652","definitions":[{"description":"A change in the nucleotide sequence of a transcription factor binding site for a gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TF Binding Site Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TFBS Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transcription Factor Binding Site Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148653":{"preferredName":"Transcription Factor Binding Site Deletion Mutation","code":"C148653","definitions":[{"description":"A deletion mutation where the deleted sequence includes a transcription factor binding site for a gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TFBS Ablation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transcription Factor Binding Site Deletion Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148654":{"preferredName":"Transcription Factor Binding Site Amplification","code":"C148654","definitions":[{"description":"An increase in the copy number of a region containing a transcription factor binding site for a gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TFBS Amplification","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transcription Factor Binding Site Amplification","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16606":{"preferredName":"Gene Deletion","code":"C16606","definitions":[{"description":"The loss of all or a part of a gene. There may also be a change in the RNA and protein made from that gene. Certain gene deletions are found in cancer and in other genetic diseases and abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any deletion mutation that occurs within a gene, including the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of the gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gene Deletion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transcript Ablation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gene deletion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C45581":{"preferredName":"Gene Amplification Abnormality","code":"C45581","definitions":[{"description":"An increase in the copy number of a particular gene. This type of abnormality can be either inherited or somatic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amplification","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gene Amplification","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gene Amplification Abnormality","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gene Amplification Abnormality","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C63430":{"preferredName":"5' Flank Mutation","code":"C63430","definitions":[{"description":"Any gene mutation that occurs in the sequences upstream from a coding region of interest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5' Flank Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upstream Gene Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C38758":{"preferredName":"Positive Finding","code":"C38758","definitions":[{"description":"An observation confirming something, such as the presence of a disease, condition, or microorganism.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A finding of abnormality following an examination or observation confirming something, such as the presence of a disease, condition, or microorganism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"POSITIVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Positive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Positive Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Positive Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C38757":{"preferredName":"Negative Finding","code":"C38757","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of normality following an examination or investigation looking for the presence of a microorganism, disease, or condition.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A finding of normality following an examination or investigation looking for the presence of a microorganism, disease, or condition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NEGATIVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Negative","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Negative Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Negative Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C86071":{"preferredName":"Equivocal","code":"C86071","definitions":[{"description":"Open to question.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Open to question.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EQUIVOCAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Equivocal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Equivocal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Questionable","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25227":{"preferredName":"High","code":"C25227","definitions":[{"description":"An elevated level or position or degree; greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"High","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Higher","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Highly","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54722":{"preferredName":"Low","code":"C54722","definitions":[{"description":"A minimum level or position or degree; less than normal in degree, intensity or amount.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Low","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26683":{"preferredName":"Abnormal Laboratory Test Result","code":"C26683","definitions":[{"description":"A laboratory test result that falls outside of the normal, acceptable range.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abnormal Lab Test Result","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abnormal Laboratory Test","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abnormal Laboratory Test Result","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abnormal Laboratory Test Result","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C14165":{"preferredName":"Normal","code":"C14165","definitions":[{"description":"Being approximately average or within certain limits; conforming with or constituting a norm or standard or level or type or social norm. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Being approximately average or within certain limits; conforming with or constituting a norm or standard or level or type or social norm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NORMAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Normal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Normal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C143031":{"preferredName":"A1CF Gene","code":"C143031","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the deamination of APOB mRNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A1CF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"A1CF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A1CF Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APOBEC1 Complementation Factor Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24824":{"preferredName":"ABI1 Gene","code":"C24824","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in signal transduction and negative regulation of cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABI1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"ABI1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABI1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ABI1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABL Interactor 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17346":{"preferredName":"ABL1 Gene","code":"C17346","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in cell adhesion, differentiation, division and stress response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABL Proto-Oncogene 1, Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"ABL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABL1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ABL1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"v-Abl Abelson Murine Leukemia Viral Oncogene Homolog 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C18451":{"preferredName":"ABL2 Gene","code":"C18451","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in signal transduction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABL Proto-Oncogene 2, Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABL2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"ABL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABL2 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ABL2 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C91369":{"preferredName":"ACKR3 Gene","code":"C91369","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the regulation of chemokine signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACKR3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"ACKR3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACKR3 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ACKR3 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Chemokine Receptor 3 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CXCR7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97365":{"preferredName":"ACSL3 Gene","code":"C97365","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in lipid biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACSL3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"ACSL3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACSL3 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ACSL3 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-Chain Family Member 3 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97519":{"preferredName":"ACSL6 Gene","code":"C97519","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the biosynthesis of lipids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACSL6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"ACSL6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACSL6 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ACSL6 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-Chain Family Member 6 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C21267":{"preferredName":"ACVR1 Gene","code":"C21267","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in the transforming growth factor-beta signal transduction pathway through serine/threonine specificity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACVR1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"ACVR1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACVR1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ACVR1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Activin A Receptor Type 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C21271":{"preferredName":"ACVR2A Gene","code":"C21271","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in the transforming growth factor-beta signal transduction pathway through constitutive kinase activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACVR2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"ACVR2A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACVR2A Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Activin A Receptor, Type II Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24602":{"preferredName":"AFF1 Gene","code":"C24602","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and translocations in the gene are associated with acute leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AF4/FMR2 Family, Member 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFF1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"AFF1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFF1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AFF1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24538":{"preferredName":"AFF3 Gene","code":"C24538","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in transcriptional activation and is purported to play roles in lymphoid development and oncogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AF4/FMR2 Family, Member 3 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFF3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"AFF3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFF3 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AFF3 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C21385":{"preferredName":"AFF4 Gene","code":"C21385","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a regulatory role in transcription and is involved in male germ cell differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AF4/FMR2 Family, Member 4 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFF4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"AFF4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFF4 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C21305":{"preferredName":"AKAP9 Gene","code":"C21305","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in signal transduction and modulates synaptic transmission.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A-Kinase Anchor Protein 9 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AKAP9","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"AKAP9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AKAP9 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AKAP9 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C18350":{"preferredName":"AKT1 Gene","code":"C18350","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in 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involved in the response to endoplasmic reticulum stress.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HERPUD1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HERPUD1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HERPUD1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HERPUD1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Homocysteine-Inducible, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Inducible, Ubiquitin-Like Domain Member 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C101107":{"preferredName":"HEY1 Gene","code":"C101107","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in both transcription factor binding and transcriptional repression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HEY1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HEY1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEY1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HEY1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hairy/Enhancer-of-Split Related with YRPW Motif 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26372":{"preferredName":"HIF1A Gene","code":"C26372","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in cardiovascular development and systemic oxygen homeostasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HIF1A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HIF1A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HIF1A Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HIF1A Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, Alpha Subunit (Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factor) Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97537":{"preferredName":"HIP1 Gene","code":"C97537","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in both vesicle coat formation and endocytosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HIP1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HIP1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HIP1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HIP1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Huntingtin Interacting Protein 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C101732":{"preferredName":"HIST1H3B Gene","code":"C101732","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in chromatin structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HIST1H3B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HIST1H3B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HIST1H3B Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HIST1H3B Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone Cluster 1 H3 Family Member B Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C68734":{"preferredName":"HIST1H4I Gene","code":"C68734","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in nucleosomal structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HIST1H4I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HIST1H4I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HIST1H4I Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HIST1H4I Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone Cluster 1, H4i Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28585":{"preferredName":"HLA-A Gene","code":"C28585","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in immune responses and histocompatibility processes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HLA-A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HLA-A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-A Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HLA-A Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, A Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97556":{"preferredName":"HLF Gene","code":"C97556","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in both transcriptional regulation and DNA binding.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HLF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HLF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLF Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HLF Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Leukemia Factor Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C20576":{"preferredName":"HMGA1 Gene","code":"C20576","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in a number of cellular processes including apoptosis, chromatin organization and transcriptional regulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HMGA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HMGA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMGA1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Mobility Group AT-Hook 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C20577":{"preferredName":"HMGA2 Gene","code":"C20577","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in chromatin organization and regulation of gene transcription. It also plays a role in development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HMGA2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HMGA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMGA2 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HMGA2 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Mobility Group AT-Hook 2 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C98093":{"preferredName":"HMGN2P46 Gene","code":"C98093","definitions":[{"description":"This gene may be involved in prostate functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HMGN2P46","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HMGN2P46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMGN2P46 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HMGN2P46 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Mobility Group Nucleosomal Binding Domain 2 Pseudogene 46 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97825":{"preferredName":"HNF1A Gene","code":"C97825","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in both DNA binding and transcriptional modulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HNF1 Homeobox A Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HNF1A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HNF1A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HNF1A Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HNF1A Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97496":{"preferredName":"HNRNPA2B1 Gene","code":"C97496","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in RNA processing and transport.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HNRNPA2B1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HNRNPA2B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HNRNPA2B1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HNRNPA2B1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97493":{"preferredName":"HOOK3 Gene","code":"C97493","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in endocytosis and Golgi maintenance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HOOK3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HOOK3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOOK3 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HOOK3 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hook Homolog 3 (Drosophila) Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97568":{"preferredName":"HOXA11 Gene","code":"C97568","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in embryologic pattern formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HOXA11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HOXA11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOXA11 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HOXA11 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Homeobox A11 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97571":{"preferredName":"HOXA13 Gene","code":"C97571","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in transcriptional modulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HOXA13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HOXA13","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOXA13 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HOXA13 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Homeobox A13 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24474":{"preferredName":"HOXA9 Gene","code":"C24474","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation, morphogenesis and differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HOXA9","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HOXA9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOXA9 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HOXA9 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Homeobox A9 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97574":{"preferredName":"HOXC11 Gene","code":"C97574","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in embryological development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HOXC11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HOXC11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOXC11 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HOXC11 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Homeobox C11 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97577":{"preferredName":"HOXC13 Gene","code":"C97577","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in the modulation of transcription.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HOXC13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HOXC13","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOXC13 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HOXC13 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Homeobox C13 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97580":{"preferredName":"HOXD11 Gene","code":"C97580","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in limb morphogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HOXD11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HOXD11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOXD11 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HOXD11 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Homeobox D11 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97583":{"preferredName":"HOXD13 Gene","code":"C97583","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in the development of limbs and appendages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HOXD13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HOXD13","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOXD13 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HOXD13 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Homeobox D13 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17060":{"preferredName":"HRAS Gene","code":"C17060","definitions":[{"description":"A gene that may cause cancer when it is mutated (changed). The Hras gene makes the HRAS protein, which is involved in cell signaling pathways, cell growth, and apoptosis (cell death). Agents that block the actions of the mutated Hras gene or its protein in cancer cells may stop the growth of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"This gene plays a role in signal transduction and cellular communication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H-ras gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HRAS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HRAS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HRAS Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HRAS Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HRas Proto-Oncogene, GTPase Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hras gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C97586":{"preferredName":"HSP90AA1 Gene","code":"C97586","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in both protein folding and nitric oxide metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HSP90AA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HSP90AA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSP90AA1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HSP90AA1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heat Shock Protein 90kDa Alpha (Cytosolic), Class A Member 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97589":{"preferredName":"HSP90AB1 Gene","code":"C97589","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in both interferon signaling and protein folding.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HSP90AB1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HSP90AB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSP90AB1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HSP90AB1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heat Shock Protein 90kDa Alpha (Cytosolic), Class B Member 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C102968":{"preferredName":"ID3 Gene","code":"C102968","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in transcriptional repression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ID3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"ID3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ID3 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inhibitor of DNA Binding 3, Dominant Negative Helix-Loop-Helix Protein Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C77215":{"preferredName":"IDH1 Gene","code":"C77215","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in carbohydrate metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDH1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IDH1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDH1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDH1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDH1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (NADP+), Soluble Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C84948":{"preferredName":"IDH2 Gene","code":"C84948","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in intermediary metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDH2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IDH2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDH2 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDH2 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDH2 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 2 (NADP+), Mitochondrial Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26422":{"preferredName":"Immunoglobulin Heavy Locus","code":"C26422","definitions":[{"description":"This region represents the germline organization of the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus. The locus includes V (variable), J (joining), diversity (D), and C (constant) segments. During B cell development, a recombination event at the DNA level joins a D segment with a J segment; a V segment is then joined to the D-J gene. The C segment is later joined by splicing at the RNA level. Recombination of many different V segments with several D and J segments provides a wide range of antigen recognition. Additional diversity is attained by junctional diversity, resulting from the random additional of nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase, and by somatic hypermutation, which occurs during B cell maturation in the spleen and lymph nodes. (from LocusLink)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IGH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IGH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Locus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Heavy Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Heavy Locus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Heavy Locus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Heavy Locus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26425":{"preferredName":"Immunoglobulin Kappa Locus","code":"C26425","definitions":[{"description":"This region represents the germline organization of the kappa light chain locus. The locus includes V (variable), J (joining), and C (constant) segments. During B cell development, a recombination event at the DNA level joins a single V segment with a J segment; the C segment is later joined by splicing at the RNA level. Recombination of many different V segments with several J segments provides a wide range of antigen recognition. Additional diversity is attained by junctional diversity, resulting from the random additional of nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase, and by somatic hypermutation, which occurs during B cell maturation in the spleen and lymph nodes. (from LocusLink)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IGK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IGK","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Kappa Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Kappa Locus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Kappa Locus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kappa Light Chain Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26423":{"preferredName":"Immunoglobulin Lambda Locus","code":"C26423","definitions":[{"description":"This region represents the germline organization of the lambda light chain locus. The locus includes V (variable), J (joining), and C (constant) segments. During B cell development, a recombination event at the DNA level joins a single V segment with a J segment; the C segment is later joined by splicing at the RNA level. Recombination of many different V segments with several J segments provides a wide range of antigen recognition. Additional diversity is attained by junctional diversity, resulting from the random additional of nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase, and by somatic hypermutation, which occurs during B cell maturation in the spleen and lymph nodes. (from LocusLink)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IGL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IGL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Lambda Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Lambda Locus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lambda Light Chain Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96383":{"preferredName":"IKBKB Gene","code":"C96383","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in protein phosphorylation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IKBKB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IKBKB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IKBKB Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inhibitor of Kappa Light Polypeptide Gene Enhancer in B-Cells, Kinase Beta Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C68730":{"preferredName":"IKZF1 Gene","code":"C68730","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in B-cell and T-cell maturation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IKAROS Family Zinc Finger 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IKZF1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IKZF1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IKZF1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IKZF1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ikaros","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24498":{"preferredName":"IL2 Gene","code":"C24498","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in growth and lymphokine regulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL2 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin 2 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C68736":{"preferredName":"IL21R Gene","code":"C68736","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in cytokine recognition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL21R","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IL21R","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL21R Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IL21R Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin 21 Receptor Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24505":{"preferredName":"IL6ST Gene","code":"C24505","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in signal transduction and is putatively involved in embryonic development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL6ST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IL6ST","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL6ST Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin 6 Signal Transducer Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24506":{"preferredName":"IL7R Gene","code":"C24506","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the regulation of lymphopoiesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL7R","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IL7R","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL7R Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IL7R Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin 7 Receptor Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C18430":{"preferredName":"IRF4 Gene","code":"C18430","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the regulation of B-cell differentiation and proliferation. It also plays a role in mediating the proliferation of mitogen-stimulated T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IRF4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IRF4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRF4 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IRF4 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24524":{"preferredName":"IRS4 Gene","code":"C24524","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in signal transduction and ligand binding.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IRS4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IRS4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRS4 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Insulin Receptor Substrate 4 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C116411":{"preferredName":"ISX Gene","code":"C116411","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in gene expression regulation in the intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ISX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"ISX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISX Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ISX Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intestine-Specific Homeobox Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C53661":{"preferredName":"ITGAV Gene","code":"C53661","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in cell communication and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ITGAV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"ITGAV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ITGAV Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Integrin, Alpha V Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24526":{"preferredName":"ITK 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It is involved in the control of tissue-specific cell fate during embryogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TCF3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TCF3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCF3 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TCF3 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transcription Factor 3 (E2A Immunoglobulin Enhancer Binding Factors E12/E47) Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24847":{"preferredName":"TCF7L2 Gene","code":"C24847","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in signal transduction and regulation of transcription.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TCF7L2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TCF7L2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCF7L2 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 (T-Cell Specific, HMG-Box) Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C92699":{"preferredName":"TCL1A Gene","code":"C92699","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in signal transduction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma 1A Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCL1A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TCL1A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCL1A Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TCL1A Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24850":{"preferredName":"TEC Gene","code":"C24850","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in signal transduction and regulation of immune function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TEC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TEC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEC Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tec Protein Tyrosine Kinase Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C18173":{"preferredName":"TERT Gene","code":"C18173","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in cell cycle regulation and telomere maintenance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TERT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TERT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TERT Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TERT Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95423":{"preferredName":"TET1 Gene","code":"C95423","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the regulation of DNA methylation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TET1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TET1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TET1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TET1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95252":{"preferredName":"TET2 Gene","code":"C95252","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in oxidation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TET2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TET2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TET2 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TET2 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 2 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24854":{"preferredName":"TFE3 Gene","code":"C24854","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in transcriptional activation. It is involved in melanogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TFE3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TFE3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TFE3 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TFE3 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transcription Factor Binding to IGHM Enhancer 3 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C94761":{"preferredName":"TFEB Gene","code":"C94761","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in transcription.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TFEB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TFEB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TFEB Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TFEB Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transcription Factor EB Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97834":{"preferredName":"TFG Gene","code":"C97834","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TFG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TFG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TFG Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TFG Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK-Fused Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97837":{"preferredName":"TFPT Gene","code":"C97837","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in the regulation of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TCF3 (E2A) Fusion Partner (In Childhood Leukemia) Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TFPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TFPT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TFPT Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TFPT Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C38517":{"preferredName":"TFRC Gene","code":"C38517","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a regulatory role in receptor-mediated endocytosis and iron metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TFRC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TFRC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TFRC Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transferrin Receptor Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C18592":{"preferredName":"TGFBR2 Gene","code":"C18592","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in cellular proliferation and mitogenic responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TGFBR2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TGFBR2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFBR2 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transforming Growth Factor, Beta Receptor II (70/80kDa) Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97840":{"preferredName":"THRAP3 Gene","code":"C97840","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the activation of transcription.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"THRAP3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"THRAP3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THRAP3 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"THRAP3 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Hormone Receptor Associated Protein 3 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C18608":{"preferredName":"TLX1 Gene","code":"C18608","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation and organogenesis. Translocations in the gene are associated with acute T-cell leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T-Cell Leukemia, Homeobox 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLX1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TLX1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLX1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TLX1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C98099":{"preferredName":"TLX3 Gene","code":"C98099","definitions":[{"description":"This gene may be involved in transcriptional regulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T-Cell Leukemia Homeobox 3 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLX3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TLX3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLX3 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TLX3 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95303":{"preferredName":"TMEM127 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Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C21091":{"preferredName":"TNC Gene","code":"C21091","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in cell adhesion, differentiation and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TNC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TNC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNC Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tenascin C Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C84928":{"preferredName":"TNFAIP3 Gene","code":"C84928","definitions":[{"description":"This gene may play a role in the regulation of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TNFAIP3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TNFAIP3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFAIP3 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TNFAIP3 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor, Alpha-Induced Protein 3 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97843":{"preferredName":"TNFRSF14 Gene","code":"C97843","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in receptor signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TNFRSF14","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TNFRSF14","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFRSF14 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TNFRSF14 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 14 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97846":{"preferredName":"TNFRSF17 Gene","code":"C97846","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the modulation of cytokine signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TNFRSF17","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TNFRSF17","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFRSF17 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TNFRSF17 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 17 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26591":{"preferredName":"TOP1 Gene","code":"C26591","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the regulation of both DNA topology and transcription.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TOP1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TOP1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOP1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TOP1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase (DNA) I Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17359":{"preferredName":"TP53 Gene","code":"C17359","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a critical role in cell cycle regulation and has tumor suppressor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"P53","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP53","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TP53","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP53 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP53 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TP53 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Protein P53 (Li-Fraumeni Syndrome) Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C91791":{"preferredName":"TP63 Gene","code":"C91791","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in both transcriptional regulation and limb development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TP63","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TP63","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP63 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TP63 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Protein p63 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97849":{"preferredName":"TPM3 Gene","code":"C97849","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in muscle contraction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TPM3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TPM3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPM3 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TPM3 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tropomyosin 3 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97852":{"preferredName":"TPM4 Gene","code":"C97852","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in smooth muscle cell contraction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TPM4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TPM4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPM4 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TPM4 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tropomyosin 4 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97855":{"preferredName":"TPR Gene","code":"C97855","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in both nuclear transport and mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TPR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TPR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPR Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TPR Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Translocated Promoter Region, Nuclear Basket Protein Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26419":{"preferredName":"T-Cell Receptor Alpha Locus","code":"C26419","definitions":[{"description":"This region represents the germline organization of the T cell receptor alpha locus. The alpha locus includes V (variable), J (joining), and C (constant) segments. During T cell development, the alpha chain is synthesized by a recombination event at the DNA level joining a V segment with a J segment. The C segment is later joined by splicing at the RNA level. Recombination of many different V segments with several J segments provides a wide range of antigen recognition. Additional diversity is attained by junctional diversity, resulting from the random additional of nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase. (from LocusLink)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T-Cell Receptor Alpha Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Receptor Alpha Locus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCRA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C107646":{"preferredName":"TRAF7 Gene","code":"C107646","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in both MAPK signaling and protein ubiquitination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 7, E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAF7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRAF7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAF7 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TRAF7 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26418":{"preferredName":"T-Cell Receptor Beta Locus","code":"C26418","definitions":[{"description":"This region represents the germline organization of the T cell receptor beta locus. The beta locus includes V (variable), J (joining), diversity (D), and C (constant) segments. During T cell development, the beta chain is synthesized by a recombination event at the DNA level joining a D segment with a J segment; a V segment is then joined to the D-J gene. The C segment is later joined by splicing at the RNA level. Recombination of many different V segments with several D and J segments provides a wide range of antigen recognition. Additional diversity is attained by junctional diversity, resulting from the random additional of nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase. Chromosomal abnormalities involving the T-cell receptor beta locus have been associated with T-cell lymphomas. (from LocusLink)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T-Cell Receptor Beta Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Receptor Beta Locus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCRB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26420":{"preferredName":"T-Cell Receptor Delta Locus","code":"C26420","definitions":[{"description":"This region represents the germline organization of the T cell receptordelta locus. The delta locus includes V (variable), J (joining), diversity (D), and C (constant) segments. During T cell development, the delta chain is synthesized by a recombination event at the DNA level joining a D segment with a J segment; a V segment is then joined to the D-J gene. The C segment is later joined by splicing at the RNA level. Recombination of many different V segments with several D and J segments provides a wide range of antigen recognition. Additional diversity is attained by junctional diversity, resulting from the random additional of nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase. (from LocusLink)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T Cell Receptor Delta Locus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Receptor Delta Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Receptor Delta Locus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCRD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95280":{"preferredName":"TRIM24 Gene","code":"C95280","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in hormone-dependent gene transcription.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRIM24","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRIM24","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIM24 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TRIM24 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tripartite Motif-Containing 24 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24733":{"preferredName":"TRIM27 Gene","code":"C24733","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the differentiation of male germ cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRIM27","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRIM27","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIM27 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tripartite Motif-Containing 27 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97858":{"preferredName":"TRIM33 Gene","code":"C97858","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the mediation of protein ubiquitination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRIM33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRIM33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIM33 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TRIM33 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tripartite Motif Containing 33 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97861":{"preferredName":"TRIP11 Gene","code":"C97861","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in thyroid receptor binding.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRIP11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRIP11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIP11 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TRIP11 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Hormone Receptor Interactor 11 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24880":{"preferredName":"TRRAP Gene","code":"C24880","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in DNA repair and regulation of mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRRAP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRRAP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRRAP Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transformation/Transcription Domain-Associated Protein Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C18259":{"preferredName":"TSC1 Gene","code":"C18259","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in cell cycle regulation and the loss of cellular adhesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TSC1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TSC1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSC1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TSC1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tuberous Sclerosis 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C18260":{"preferredName":"TSC2 Gene","code":"C18260","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in signal transduction and cell cycle control. It is involved in cell adhesion, differentiation, growth and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TSC2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TSC2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSC2 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TSC2 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tuberous Sclerosis 2 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24881":{"preferredName":"TSHR Gene","code":"C24881","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays an important role in the regulation of thyroid cell metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TSHR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TSHR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSHR Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C101113":{"preferredName":"U2AF1 Gene","code":"C101113","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the splicing of mRNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"U2 Small Nuclear RNA Auxiliary Factor 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U2AF1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"U2AF1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U2AF1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"U2AF1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C111928":{"preferredName":"UBR5 Gene","code":"C111928","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in protein ubiquitination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"UBR5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"UBR5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UBR5 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"UBR5 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ubiquitin Protein Ligase E3 Component N-Recognin 5 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C24892":{"preferredName":"USP6 Gene","code":"C24892","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the regulation of cellular ubiquitination. 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It is involved in fetal/neonatal cardiac and muscle development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"WW Domain Containing Transcription Regulator 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WWTR1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"WWTR1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WWTR1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"WWTR1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C20361":{"preferredName":"XPA Gene","code":"C20361","definitions":[{"description":"This gene facilitates DNA binding in repair processes and is associated with the disease xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"XPA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"XPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XPA Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"XPA Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xeroderma Pigmentosum, Complementation Group A Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97870":{"preferredName":"XPC Gene","code":"C97870","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in nucleotide excision repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"XPC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"XPC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XPC Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"XPC Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xeroderma Pigmentosum, Complementation Group C Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C99484":{"preferredName":"XPO1 Gene","code":"C99484","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in the regulation of nuclear export.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Exportin 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XPO1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"XPO1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XPO1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"XPO1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C101116":{"preferredName":"YWHAE Gene","code":"C101116","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/Tryptophan 5-Monooxygenase Activation Protein, Epsilon Polypeptide Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YWHAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"YWHAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YWHAE Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"YWHAE Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28635":{"preferredName":"ZBTB16 Gene","code":"C28635","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in apoptosis and regulation of transcription. 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Messenger RNA molecules carry the genetic information needed to make proteins. They carry the information from the DNA in the nucleus of the cell to the cytoplasm where the proteins are made.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A class of RNA molecule containing protein-coding information in its nucleotide sequence that can be translated into the amino acid sequence of a protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Messenger RNA","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Messenger RNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Messenger RNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"mRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"mRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"mRNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"messenger RNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C25966":{"preferredName":"MicroRNA","code":"C25966","definitions":[{"description":"A sequence of single-stranded RNA which is typically 20-25 nucleotides in length and may regulate the expression of other genes. miRNAs are transcribed from DNA, but are not translated into proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of RNA found in cells and in blood. MicroRNAs are smaller than many other types of RNA and can bind to messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to block them from making proteins. MicroRNAs are being studied in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sequence of single-stranded RNA, that is 20-25 nucleotides in length, which is transcribed from DNA but is not translated into a protein. This nucleic acid may regulate the transcription or translation of other genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MIR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIRN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micro RNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MicroRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MicroRNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Small Temporal RNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"miRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"miRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"miRNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"micro-RNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"microRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C17021":{"preferredName":"Protein","code":"C17021","definitions":[{"description":"A molecule made up of amino acids that are needed for the body to function properly. Proteins are the basis of body structures such as skin and hair and of substances such as enzymes, cytokines, and antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A group of complex organic macromolecules composed of one or more chains (linear polymers) of alpha-L-amino acids linked by peptide bonds and ranging in size from a few thousand to over 1 million Daltons. Proteins are fundamental genetically encoded components of living cells with specific structures and functions dictated by amino acid sequence.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein (NOS)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Proteins","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C812":{"preferredName":"Ribonucleic Acid","code":"C812","definitions":[{"description":"One of two types of nucleic acid made by cells. Ribonucleic acid contains information that has been copied from DNA (the other type of nucleic acid). Cells make several different forms of ribonucleic acid, and each form has a specific job in the cell. Many forms of ribonucleic acid have functions related to making proteins. Ribonucleic acid is also the genetic material of some viruses instead of DNA. Ribonucleic acid can be made in the laboratory and used in research studies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Single-stranded long chain of nucleotides containing ribose. It is the end product of DNA transcription by the enzyme RNA polymerase. It is essential in protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Single-stranded long chain of nucleotides containing ribose. It is the end product of DNA transcription by the enzyme RNA polymerase. It is essential in protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribonucleic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribonucleic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ribonucleic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribonucleic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ribonucleic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ribonucleic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13204":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 1","code":"C13204","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 1 spans about 247 million nucleotide base pairs and represents about 8% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13215":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 2","code":"C13215","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the second largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 2 spans more than 237 million base pairs and represents almost 8% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13219":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 3","code":"C13219","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the third largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 3 spans almost 200 million base pairs and represents about 6.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 3","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13220":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 4","code":"C13220","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the fourth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 4 spans more than 186 million base pairs and represents between 6 and 6.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13221":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 5","code":"C13221","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the fifth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 5 spans about 181 million base pairs and represents almost 6% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 5","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13222":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 6","code":"C13222","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the sixth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 6 spans more than 170 million base pairs and represents between 5.5 and 6% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 6","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13223":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 7","code":"C13223","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the seventh largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 7 spans more than 158 million base pairs and represents between 5 and 5.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 7","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13224":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 8","code":"C13224","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the eighth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 8 spans about 145 million base pairs and represents between 4.5 and 5.0% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 8","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13225":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 9","code":"C13225","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the ninth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 9 spans about 145 million base pairs of nucleic acids and represents between 4 and 4.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 9","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 9","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13205":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 10","code":"C13205","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the tenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 10 spans about 135 million base pairs and represents between 4 and 4.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 10","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13206":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 11","code":"C13206","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the eleventh largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 11 spans about 134.5 million base pairs and represents between 4 and 4.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 11","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13207":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 12","code":"C13207","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the twelfth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 12 spans about 143 million base pairs and represents between 4 and 4.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13208":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 13","code":"C13208","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the thirteenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 13 spans about 113 million base pairs and represents between 3.5 and 4% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 13","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13209":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 14","code":"C13209","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the fourteenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 14 spans about 105 million base pairs and represents between 3 and 3.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 14","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 14","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13210":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 15","code":"C13210","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the fifteenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 15 spans about 106 million base pairs and represents between 3 and 3.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 15","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 15","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13211":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 16","code":"C13211","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the sixteenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 16 spans about 90 million base pairs and represents just under 3% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 16","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 16","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13212":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 17","code":"C13212","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the seventeenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 17 spans more than 81 million base pairs and represents between 2.5 and 3% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 17","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 17","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 17","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13213":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 18","code":"C13213","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the eighteenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 18 spans about 76 million base pairs and represents about 2.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13214":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 19","code":"C13214","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the nineteenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 19 spans more than 63 million base pairs and represents between 2 and 2.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 19","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13216":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 20","code":"C13216","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the third smallest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 20 spans around 63 million base pairs and represents between 2 and 2.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 20","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13217":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 21","code":"C13217","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the second smallest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 21 spans around 47 million nucleotides and represents about 1.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 21","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 21","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13218":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 22","code":"C13218","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the smallest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 22 spans about 49 million base pairs and represents between 1.5 and 2% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 22","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 22","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28512":{"preferredName":"Mitochondrial DNA","code":"C28512","definitions":[{"description":"Typically small, circular, intronless, and maternally inherited, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the multicopy deoxyribonucleic acid genome of mitochondria, intracellular organelles responsible for vital respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation reactions in higher eukaryotes. Replicated and transcribed by a separate enzymatic machinery from that of nuclear DNA, mtDNA encodes only a subset of mitochondrial functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Typically small, circular, intronless, and maternally inherited, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the multicopy deoxyribonucleic acid genome of mitochondria, intracellular organelles responsible for vital respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation reactions in higher eukaryotes. Replicated and transcribed by a separate enzymatic machinery from that of nuclear DNA, mtDNA encodes only a subset of mitochondrial functions. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M Chromosome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitochondrial Chromosome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitochondrial DNA","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mitochondrial DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitochondrial DNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"mDNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"mtDNA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mtDNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C13285":{"preferredName":"Chromosome X","code":"C13285","definitions":[{"description":"The sex chromosome that is present in both sexes: singly in males and doubly in females.","attr":"WordNet","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome X","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome X","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X Chromosome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13286":{"preferredName":"Chromosome Y","code":"C13286","definitions":[{"description":"The y-shaped sex chromosome. In mammals, its presence or absence determines male or female sex.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome Y","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome Y","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y Chromosome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C19432":{"preferredName":"Histone H2AX","code":"C19432","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H2AX (143 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human H2AFX gene. This protein plays a role in nucleosome formation and V(D)J recombination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H2A Histone Family, Member X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A.X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A/X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2AFX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2AX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2AX Histone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H2A.X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H2AX","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H2AX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C126766":{"preferredName":"Histone H2A.Z","code":"C126766","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H2A.Z (128 aa, ~14 kDa) is encoded by the human H2AFZ gene. This protein is involved in nucleosome and heterochromatin formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H2A/z","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2AZ Histone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H2A.Z","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H2A.Z","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C101734":{"preferredName":"Histone H3.1","code":"C101734","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3.1 (136 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human HIST1H3A, HIST1H3B, HIST1H3C, HIST1H3D, HIST1H3E, HIST1H3F, HIST1H3G, HIST1H3H, HIST1H3I and HIST1H3J genes. This protein plays a role in the formation of chromatin structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histone H3.1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H3.1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/d","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/f","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/h","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/i","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/j","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/k","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/l","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148067":{"preferredName":"Histone H3.2","code":"C148067","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3.2 (136 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human HIST2H3A, HIST2H3C, and HIST2H3D genes. This protein plays a role in nucleosome remodeling and chromosomal structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histone H3.2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/m","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/o","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C101445":{"preferredName":"Histone H3.3","code":"C101445","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3.3 (136 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by both the human H3F3A and H3F3B genes. This protein plays a role in chromosomal structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histone H3.3","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H3.3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95407":{"preferredName":"Core Histone Macro-H2A","code":"C95407","definitions":[{"description":"A histone protein that is comprised of a histone H2A domain, which allows interaction with the nucleosome, and a macro domain, which may bind to ADP-ribose. This protein can substitute for histone H2A in the nucleosomal complex and plays a role in transcriptional repression and X chromosome inactivation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Core Histone Macro-H2A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Core Histone Macro-H2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone MacroH2A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MacroH2A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mH2A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C113624":{"preferredName":"Core Histone Macro-H2A.1","code":"C113624","definitions":[{"description":"Core histone macro-H2A.1 (372 aa, ~40 kDa) is encoded by the human H2AFY gene. This protein plays a role in chromatin modification.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Core Histone Macro-H2A.1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Core Histone Macro-H2A.1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A/y","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A1.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H2A.Y","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone MacroH2A1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone MacroH2A1.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone MacroH2A1.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MACROH2A1.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma Antigen MU-MB-50.205","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mH2A1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16277":{"preferredName":"Allele","code":"C16277","definitions":[{"description":"One of two or more DNA sequences occurring at a particular gene locus. Typically one allele (normal DNA sequence) is common, and other alleles (mutations) are rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The determination of which version of the gene is on each chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Mutually exclusive alternative forms of the same gene occupying the same locus on homologous chromosomes, differing in nucleotide sequence and governing the same biochemical and developmental process.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALLELE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Allele","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allele","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allele","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Alleles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"allele","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C62582":{"preferredName":"Chimerism","code":"C62582","definitions":[{"description":"The occurrence in an individual of two or more cell populations of different chromosomal constitutions, derived from different individuals. This contrasts with mosaicism in which the different cell populations are derived from a single individual.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chimerism","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chimerism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C19296":{"preferredName":"Deletion Mutation","code":"C19296","definitions":[{"description":"Absence of a segment of DNA; may be as small as a single base or as large as a whole chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any rearrangement to the genomic content that results in the loss of one or more nucleotides of DNA. Deletions are generally irreversible rearrangements. They may alter the reading frame of a gene, or may result in loss of large chromosomal regions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Deletion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deletion Abnormality","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deletion Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deletion Mutation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Deletion Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mutation, Deletion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"deletion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C99752":{"preferredName":"Indel Mutation","code":"C99752","definitions":[{"description":"A mutation class that includes insertion mutations, deletion mutations and mutation events where both an insertion and a deletion has occurred.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Deletion-Insertion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indel Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Insertion-Deletion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45582":{"preferredName":"Gene Duplication Abnormality","code":"C45582","definitions":[{"description":"Generation of an extra copy of a particular gene in the genome. A gene duplication abnormality may occur by gene amplification, random breakage and reunion, retrotransposition or unequal crossing-over at meiosis. A gene duplication abnormality can be either heritable or somatic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duplication","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gene Duplication","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gene Duplication Abnormality","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C20102":{"preferredName":"Hypermethylation","code":"C20102","definitions":[{"description":"Hypermethylation appears to be a controlled, epigenetic, heritable, and aberrant DNA methylation reaction on gene promoter regions and CpG islands associated with loss of (e.g., tumor-suppressor) gene function in diverse cellular pathways through transcriptional silencing by the formation of transcriptionally repressive chromatin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypermethylation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C19295":{"preferredName":"Insertion Mutation","code":"C19295","definitions":[{"description":"Any rearrangement to the genomic content that adds one or more extra nucleotides into the DNA. Insertions may be reversible, particulary if caused by transposable elements. They may alter the reading frame of a gene, or may cause large scale additions of genomic DNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Insertion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Insertion Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Insertion Mutation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Insertion Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Insertion Mutation Abnormality","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mutation, Insertion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45589":{"preferredName":"Inversion Mutation Abnormality","code":"C45589","definitions":[{"description":"A structural change in genomic DNA where the 5' to 3' order of a nucleotide sequence is completely reversed to the 3' to 5' order relative to its adjacent sequences. This inversion is termed either pericentric, if it includes the centromere of a chromosome, or pancentric, if it excludes the centromere. An inversion mutation abnormality may be heritable or occur somatically.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inversion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inversion Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inversion Mutation Abnormality","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16848":{"preferredName":"Methylation","code":"C16848","definitions":[{"description":"A chemical reaction in which a small molecule called a methyl group is added to other molecules. Methylation of proteins or nucleic acids may affect how they act in the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The covalent chemical or biochemical addition of a methyl group(s) to a compound. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Methylation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"methylation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C92976":{"preferredName":"Mosaicism","code":"C92976","definitions":[{"description":"The occurrence of 2 or more cell lines with different genetic or chromosomal make-up, within a single individual or tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The presence of more than one genetically distinct cell line in germ and/or somatic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mosaicism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mosaicism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C36541":{"preferredName":"Chromosomal Rearrangement","code":"C36541","definitions":[{"description":"Any change in the structure of one or more chromosomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosomal Rearrangement","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosomal Rearrangement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosomal Rearrangements","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Structural Chromosomal Abnormality","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Structural Chromosome Aberration","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Structural Chromosome Anomalies","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13298":{"preferredName":"Repetitive Sequence","code":"C13298","definitions":[{"description":"Nucleotide sequences present in multiple copies in the genome. There are several types of repeated sequences. Interspersed (or dispersed) DNA repeats (Interspersed Repetitive Sequences) are copies of transposable elements interspersed throughout the genome. Flanking (or terminal) repeats (Terminal Repeat Sequences) are sequences that are repeated on both ends of a sequence, for example, the long terminal repeats (LTRs) on retroviruses. Direct terminal repeats are in the same direction and inverted terminal repeats are opposite to each other in direction. Tandem repeats (Tandem Repeat Sequences) are repeated copies which lie adjacent to each other. These can also be direct or inverted. The ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA genes belong to the class of middle repetitive DNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Repeated Sequence","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Repetitive Element","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Repetitive Sequence","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3420":{"preferredName":"Chromosomal Translocation","code":"C3420","definitions":[{"description":"A genetic exchange where a piece of one chromosome is transfered to another chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosomal Translocation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosomal Translocation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome Translocation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"t","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C37956":{"preferredName":"Gain","code":"C37956","definitions":[{"description":"Gain; to increase or the amount of increase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25559":{"preferredName":"Loss","code":"C25559","definitions":[{"description":"A gradual decline in amount or activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Loss","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Loss","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2873":{"preferredName":"Aneuploidy","code":"C2873","definitions":[{"description":"The occurrence of one or more extra or missing chromosomes leading to an unbalanced chromosome complement, or any chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the haploid number (which is 46).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chromosomal abnormality in which there is an addition or loss of chromosomes within a set (e.g., 23 + 22 or 23 + 24).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aneuploidy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aneuploidy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C118941":{"preferredName":"Diploidy","code":"C118941","definitions":[{"description":"Having two sets of homologous chromosomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diploid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diploidy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80336":{"preferredName":"Hyperdiploidy","code":"C80336","definitions":[{"description":"A chromosomal abnormality in which the chromosomal number is greater than the normal diploid number.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyperdiploid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hyperdiploidy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hyperdiploidy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80337":{"preferredName":"Hypodiploidy","code":"C80337","definitions":[{"description":"A chromosomal abnormality in which the chromosomal number is less than the normal diploid number.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypodiploid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypodiploidy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28450":{"preferredName":"Tetraploidy","code":"C28450","definitions":[{"description":"A numerical chromosomal abnormality characterized by the presence of four complete sets of chromosomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tetraploid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetraploidy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetraploidy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C327":{"preferredName":"CA19-9 Antigen","code":"C327","definitions":[{"description":"CA 19-9 is a fucosylated glycosphingolipid carbohydrate antigen that is soluble and is adsorbed to erythrocytes and to many adenocarcinomas of the digestive tract, especially pancreatic tumors. By structure CA 19-9 is related to the Lewis blood group antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CA-19-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA19-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA19-9 Antigen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CA19-9 Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer Antigen 19-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLeA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl Le(a) Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl LeA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl LewisA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl-Lewis A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialylated Lewis (a) Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialylated Lewis a Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16384":{"preferredName":"Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 5","code":"C16384","definitions":[{"description":"Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (702 aa, ~77 kDa) is encoded by the human CEACAM5 gene. This protein is involved in cell-cell adhesion, apotosis regulation and signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD66e Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEACAM5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoembryonic Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoembryonic Antigen CGM2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 5","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meconium Antigen 100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26149":{"preferredName":"B-Cell Lymphoma 6 Protein","code":"C26149","definitions":[{"description":"B-cell lymphoma 6 protein (706 aa, ~79 kDa) is encoded by the human BCL6 gene. This protein is involved in transcriptional repression, apoptosis regulation and cell cycle progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma 5 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma 6 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma 6 Protein","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma 6 Protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-cell CLL/Lymphoma-6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL-5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL-6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL6 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cys-His2 Zinc Finger Transcription Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAZ-3 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAZ3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein LAZ-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZNF51","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zinc Finger Protein 51","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zinc Finger and BTB Domain-Containing Protein 27","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17988":{"preferredName":"G1/S-Specific Cyclin-D1","code":"C17988","definitions":[{"description":"G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (295 aa, ~34 kDa) is encoded by the human CCND1 gene. This protein is involved in the regulation of the G1/S transition of the cell cycle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCL-1 Oncogene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCND1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCND1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin D","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin D1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin D1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin-D1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin-D1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D11S287E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1/S-Specific Cyclin D1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1/S-Specific Cyclin D1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1/S-Specific Cyclin-D1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1/S-Specific Cyclin-D1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"G1/S-Specific Cyclin-D1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1/S-Specific Cyclin-D1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRAD1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRAD1 Oncogene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U21B31","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16836":{"preferredName":"Neprilysin","code":"C16836","definitions":[{"description":"Neprilysin (750 aa, ~86 kDa) is encoded by the human MME gene. This protein is involved in the metabolism of biologically active peptides.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen CD10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atriopeptidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CALLA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD10 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Common ALL Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC 3.4.24.11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enkephalinase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MME","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Membrane Metalloendopeptidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neprilysin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neprilysin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neprilysin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neutral Endopeptidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SFE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Fibroblast Elastase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17328":{"preferredName":"Mast/Stem Cell Growth Factor Receptor Kit","code":"C17328","definitions":[{"description":"A protein on the surface of some cells that binds to biologic substance called stem cell factor (SCF). SCF causes certain types of blood cells to grow. The stem cell factor receptor is found at high levels or in a changed form on some types of cancer cells. This may cause these cells to grow rapidly when SCF is present. The stem cell factor receptor is a type of receptor tyrosine kinase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit (976 aa, ~110 kDa) is encoded by the human KIT gene. This protein is involved in cell survival, tyrosine phosphorylation and ligand-mediated signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen CD117","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-KIT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD117","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD117 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC 2.7.10.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KIT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Growth Factor Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast/Stem Cell Growth Factor Receptor Kit","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mast/Stem Cell Growth Factor Receptor Kit","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Piebald Trait Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine-Protein Kinase Kit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proto-Oncogene c-Kit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCF Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCFR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCFR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stem Cell Factor Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyrosine-Protein Kinase Kit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-kit receptor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"p145 c-kit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"stem cell factor receptor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 Feline Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96914":{"preferredName":"Syndecan-1","code":"C96914","definitions":[{"description":"Syndecan-1 (310 aa, ~32 kDa) is encoded by the human SDC1 gene. This protein is involved in the mediation of cell adhesion, signaling and cytoskeletal organization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen CD138","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD138","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD138 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYND1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syndecan-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syndecan-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Syndecan-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17488":{"preferredName":"Monocyte Differentiation Antigen CD14","code":"C17488","definitions":[{"description":"Monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (375 aa, ~40 kDa) is encoded by the human CD14 gene. This protein plays a role in the innate immune response to lipopolysaccharide exposure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD14","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD14 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipopolysaccharide Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monocyte Differentiation Antigen CD14","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Cell-Specific Leucine-Rich Glycoprotein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96898":{"preferredName":"CD15 Antigen","code":"C96898","definitions":[{"description":"A carbohydrate molecule found on the surface of neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes. It is involved in neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis. Expression of this antigen is associated with Hodgkin disease, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Fucosyl-N-Acetyl-Lactosamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD15","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD15 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD15 Antigen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD15 Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LeX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lewis X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LewisX Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSEA-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigen 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C38894":{"preferredName":"B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD19","code":"C38894","definitions":[{"description":"B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 (556 aa, ~61 kDa) is encoded by the human CD19 gene. This protein is involved in enhancing B-cell receptor-dependent signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD19","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Surface Antigen B4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD19 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Differentiation Antigen CD19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leu-12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Surface Antigen Leu-12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C38896":{"preferredName":"B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD20","code":"C38896","definitions":[{"description":"B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 (297 aa, ~33 kDa) is encoded by the human MS4A1 gene. This protein plays a role in both the activation and proliferation of B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD20","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Surface Antigen B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bp35","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20 Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leu-16","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MS4A1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Membrane-Spanning 4-Domains Subfamily A Member 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17279":{"preferredName":"B-Cell Receptor CD22","code":"C17279","definitions":[{"description":"B-cell receptor CD22 (847 aa, ~95 kDa) is encoded by the human CD22 gene. This protein is involved in B-cell/B-cell interactions and downstream signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Cell Antigen CD22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Receptor CD22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Receptor CD22","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B-Cell Receptor CD22","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL-CAM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD22 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lyb8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialic Acid-Binding Ig-Like Lectin 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialic Acid-Binding Immunoglobulin-Like Lectin 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Siglec-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Surface Antigen Leu-14","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96902":{"preferredName":"Low Affinity Immunoglobulin Epsilon Fc Receptor","code":"C96902","definitions":[{"description":"Low affinity immunoglobulin epsilon Fc receptor (321 aa, ~36 kDa) is encoded by the human FCER2 gene. This protein is involved in B cell differentiation and IgE production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen CD23","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLAST-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-Type Lectin Domain Family 4 Member J","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD23","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD23 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fc-Epsilon-RII","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin E-Binding Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Affinity Immunoglobulin Epsilon Fc Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Affinity Immunoglobulin Epsilon Fc Receptor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Low Affinity Immunoglobulin Epsilon Fc Receptor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte IgE Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17073":{"preferredName":"Interleukin-2 Receptor Subunit Alpha","code":"C17073","definitions":[{"description":"Interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha (272 aa, ~31 kDa) is encoded by the human IL2RA gene. This protein plays a role in interleukin-2-dependent signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD25","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-2 Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-2 Receptor Subunit Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-2-RA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-2R","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-2R Subunit Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL2 Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL2-RA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL2R","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL2RA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin 2 Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin 2 Receptor, Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-2 Receptor Alpha Chain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-2 Receptor Subunit Alpha","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Interleukin-2 Receptor Subunit Alpha","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Affinity Interleukin 2 Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Growth Factor Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAC Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p55","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C38897":{"preferredName":"CD3 Complex","code":"C38897","definitions":[{"description":"Consisting of cell surface type I membrane Delta, Epsilon, Gamma, Zeta, and Eta protein subunits with ITAM domains and noncovalently associated with the disulfide bound heterodimeric alpha/beta and gamma/delta TCR, the CD3 complex couples receptor antigen recognition to signal transduction pathways during T-cell activation. During TCR engagement with MHC-associated antigen on host cell surfaces and synapse formation, CD3 activity leads to Tyr-phosphorylated CD3 subunits, Tyr phosphorylation of LAT colocalized in lipid rafts, and MAPK activation. CD3 signal transduction appears to involve LCK, ZAP70, Nck, SLA, SLA2, and DOCK2. CD3 subunits may also associate with the cytoskeleton. CD3 also mediates TCR signal transduction during the developmental transition through positive selection of immature thymocytes to mature CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD3 Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD3 Complex","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD3 Complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C38906":{"preferredName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 8","code":"C38906","definitions":[{"description":"Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8 (595 aa, ~ 64 kDa) is encoded by the human TNFRSF8 gene. This protein is involved in ligand-mediated signal transduction, the positive regulation of apoptosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen CD30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD30 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD30L Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytokine Receptor CD30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ki-1 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Activation Antigen CD30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoid Activation Antigen CD30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNF Receptor 8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFRSF8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 8","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97246":{"preferredName":"Myeloid Cell Surface Antigen CD33","code":"C97246","definitions":[{"description":"Myeloid cell surface antigen CD33 (364 aa, ~40 kDa) is encoded by the human CD33 gene. This protein is involved in the mediation of cell adhesion and the regulation of cell-cell signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen CD33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD33 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Cell Surface Antigen CD33","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myeloid Cell Surface Antigen CD33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Differentiation Antigen CD33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialic Acid-Binding Ig-Like Lectin 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialic Acid-Binding Immunoglobulin-Like Lectin 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Siglec-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gp67","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17280":{"preferredName":"Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Antigen CD34","code":"C17280","definitions":[{"description":"Hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34 (385 aa, ~41 kDa) is encoded by the human CD34 gene. This protein plays a role in cell-cell adhesion and may have a role in leukocyte migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD34","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD34 antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HPCA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Antigen CD34","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Antigen CD34","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gp105-120","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17282":{"preferredName":"Receptor-Type Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase C","code":"C17282","definitions":[{"description":"Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C (1304 aa, ~147 kDa) is encoded by the human PTPRC gene. This protein plays a role in protein dephosphorylation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD45","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD45 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC 3.1.3.48","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-CA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukocyte Common Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTPRC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Receptor-Type Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase C","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Receptor-Type Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T200","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T200 Glycoprotein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C73124":{"preferredName":"T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD5","code":"C73124","definitions":[{"description":"T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5 (495 aa, ~54 kDa) is encoded by the human CD5 gene. This protein may be involved in regulating the proliferation of T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD5 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Antigen CD5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Antigen T1/Leu-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD5","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25276":{"preferredName":"Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 1","code":"C25276","definitions":[{"description":"Neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (761 aa, ~84 kDa) is encoded by the human NCAM1 gene. This protein is involved in the mediation of neuron-neuron adhesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen MSK39 Identified By Monoclonal Antibody 5.1H11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD56","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD56 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-CAM-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCAM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCAM-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCAM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKH-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C38935":{"preferredName":"T-Cell Antigen CD7","code":"C38935","definitions":[{"description":"T-cell antigen CD7 (240 aa, ~25 kDa) is encoded by the human CD7 gene. This protein plays a role in the development and function of lymphoid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD7 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GP40","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leu-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Antigen CD7","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"T-Cell Antigen CD7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Leukemia Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP41","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97423":{"preferredName":"B-Cell Antigen Receptor Complex-Associated Protein Alpha Chain","code":"C97423","definitions":[{"description":"B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein alpha chain (226 aa, ~25 kDa) is encoded by the human CD79A gene. This protein is involved in the modulation of signaling in and proliferation of B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen CD79a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Antigen Receptor Complex-Associated Protein Alpha Chain","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B-Cell Antigen Receptor Complex-Associated Protein Alpha Chain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD79a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD79a Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ig-Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MB-1 Membrane Glycoprotein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Membrane-Bound Immunoglobulin-Associated Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surface IgM-Associated Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16692":{"preferredName":"HLA-DR Antigen","code":"C16692","definitions":[{"description":"Encoded by multiple HLA-DRA and HLA-DRB genes in a complex variable 5 cM region of MHC between HLA-B and -D, HLA-DR Antigens are Class II histocompatibility transmembrane glycoprotein heterodimers of alpha (heavy, 35-kD) and beta (light, 27-kD) chains. Located predominantly on B cells and macrophages, HLA-DR antigens function in antigen presentation to regulatory T cells in the immune response and in self/nonself discrimination. Invariant alpha and polymorphic beta chains have glycosylated N-termini, hydrophobic membrane regions, and hydrophilic C-termini. The heterodimer consists of 4 extracellular domains; invariant alpha-1, polymorphic N-terminal beta-1, and conserved Ig-like alpha-2 and beta-2. Alpha-1 and alpha-2 contain disulfide loops. Beta-1 contains 2 small variable regions. Alpha sequences have relatively simple structure; beta chains carry the major polymorphic determinants.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HLA-DR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-DR Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C20887":{"preferredName":"Mesothelin","code":"C20887","definitions":[{"description":"A protein found on the surface of certain types of normal cells and cancer cells. Mesothelin may help these cells stick together and send signals. A higher-than-normal amount of mesothelin is found on some cancer cells, including mesothelioma, pancreatic cancer, and ovarian cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Mesothelin (630 aa, ~69 kDa) is encoded by the human MSLN gene. This protein may play a role in cellular adhesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAK1 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSLN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mesothelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pre-Pro-Megakaryocyte-Potentiating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mesothelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C116205":{"preferredName":"Neuron Specific Enolase Measurement","code":"C116205","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of the neuron specific enolase in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The determination of the amount of neuron specific enolase present in a sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enolase 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gamma-enolase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"NSE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neuron Specific Enolase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neuron Specific Enolase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neuron Specific Enolase Measurement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuron-Specific Enolase Measurement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C120660":{"preferredName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen Measurement","code":"C120660","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of the squamous cell carcinoma antigen in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The determination of the squamous cell carcinoma antigen present in a sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SCCAG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Serpin B3/B4 Measurement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen Measurement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16683":{"preferredName":"Histone H1","code":"C16683","definitions":[{"description":"Linker Histone H1 interacts with DNA between nucleosome units in mediating chromatin compaction into higher order structures. Histones are basic nuclear proteins responsible for the nucleosome structure of eukaryotic chromatin. Repeating nucleosome units contain two molecules each of core Histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 that form an octamer complex around which approximately 146 base pairs of DNA is wrapped. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histone H1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16684":{"preferredName":"Histone H2A","code":"C16684","definitions":[{"description":"Slightly lysine rich histone. One of four histones assembled into a nucleosomal core octamer. Various posttranslationally modified forms and variants exist. Combines with histone H2B in a heterodimer; two H2A/H2B dimers are incorporated in the nucleosomal octamer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H2A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HIST1H2A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone 2A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H2A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17460":{"preferredName":"Histone H2B","code":"C17460","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H2B is a core subunit of the eukaryotic nucleosome complex. Histones are basic nuclear proteins responsible for the nucleosome structure of chromatin. Repeating nucleosome units contain two molecules each of Histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 that form an octamer complex around which approximately 146 base pairs of DNA is wrapped. Linker Histone H1 interacts with DNA between nucleosome units in mediating chromatin compaction into higher order structures. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histone H2B","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H2B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16685":{"preferredName":"Histone H3","code":"C16685","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3 is a core subunit of the eukaryotic nucleosome complex. Histones are basic nuclear proteins responsible for the nucleosome structure of chromatin. Repeating nucleosome units contain two molecules each of Histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 that form an octamer complex around which approximately 146 base pairs of DNA is wrapped. Linker Histone H1 interacts with DNA between nucleosome units in mediating chromatin compaction into higher order structures. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histone H3","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16686":{"preferredName":"Histone H4","code":"C16686","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H4 (103 aa, ~11 kDa) is encoded by the human HIST1H4A, HIST1H4B, HIST1H4C, HIST1H4D, HIST1H4E, HIST1H4F, HIST1H4H, HIST1H4I, HIST1H4J, HIST1H4K, HIST1H4L, HIST2H4A, HIST2H4B, HIST4H4 genes. This protein plays a role in nucleating the formation of high order chromatin structures as a part of nucleosomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HIST1H4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone 1, H4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45825":{"preferredName":"Heterozygosity","code":"C45825","definitions":[{"description":"Occurs when the two alleles at a particular gene locus are different. A heterozygous genotype may include one normal allele and one mutation, or two different mutations. The latter is called a compound heterozygote.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Having two different allelic forms of a gene, one inherited from each parent, on each of the two homologous chromosomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heterozygosity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heterozygote","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heterozygous","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"heterozygous genotype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C64346":{"preferredName":"Hemizygosity","code":"C64346","definitions":[{"description":"Having only one copy of a particular gene or genetic region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemizygosity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemizygous","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45826":{"preferredName":"Homozygosity","code":"C45826","definitions":[{"description":"Occurs when both alleles at a particular gene locus are the same. A person may be homozygous for the normal allele or for a mutation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Having two identical allelic forms of a gene, one inherited from each parent, on each of the two homologous chromosomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Homozygosity","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Homozygosity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Homozygote","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Homozygous","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"homozygous genotype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C148063":{"preferredName":"Nullizygosity","code":"C148063","definitions":[{"description":"Having no copies, or nonfunctional copies, of a particular gene or genetic region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Homozygous Null","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nullizygosity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nullizygous","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17003":{"preferredName":"Polymerase Chain Reaction","code":"C17003","definitions":[{"description":"A laboratory method used to make many copies of a specific DNA sequence.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A method for amplifying a DNA base sequence using multiple rounds of heat denaturation of the DNA and annealing of oligonucleotide primers complementary to flanking regions in the presence of a heat-stable polymerase. This results in duplication of the targeted DNA region. Newly synthesized DNA strands can subsequently serve as additional templates for the same primer sequences, so that successive rounds of primer annealing, strand elongation, and dissociation produce rapid and highly specific amplification of the desired sequence. PCR also can be used to detect the existence of the defined sequence in a DNA sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A method for amplifying a DNA base sequence using multiple rounds of heat denaturation of the DNA and annealing of oligonucleotide primers complementary to flanking regions in the presence of a heat-stable polymerase. This results in duplication of the targeted DNA region. Newly synthesized DNA strands can subsequently serve as additional templates for the same primer sequences, so that successive rounds of primer annealing, strand elongation, and dissociation produce rapid and highly specific amplification of the desired sequence. PCR also can be used to detect the existence of the defined sequence in a DNA sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PCR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PCR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Polymerase Chain Reaction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymerase Chain Reaction","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polymerase Chain Reaction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"polymerase chain reaction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C106054":{"preferredName":"Bisulfite Sequencing","code":"C106054","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA sequencing technique that can differentiate cytosine from 5-methylcytosine in a DNA sample. First, a denatured DNA sample is treated with bisulfite which converts non-methylated cytosine to uracil. Next, the sample is amplified using a PCR method that does not discriminate between non-methylated and methylated sequences. The amplified DNA is subjected to nucleotide sequencing. The resulting sequence is compared to an identical control sample of DNA that was not treated with bisulfite. Unmethylated cytosines will be displayed as cytosines in the control sample and as thymines in the bisulfite-treated sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bisulfite Sequencing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bisulfite-Seq","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C106049":{"preferredName":"ChIP-Seq","code":"C106049","definitions":[{"description":"A molecular genetic technique that combines chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) with massively parallel DNA sequencing to map the binding sites of DNA-associated proteins in a sample of cells. First, crosslinked protein-DNA complexes are isolated using ChIP. Next, the crosslinks are broken, the proteins are removed and the purified DNA is modified with adaptor oligonucleotides to facilitate massively parallel DNA sequencing. Following sequencing, the DNA sequences that are obtained can be mapped to their genomic locations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ChIP-Seq","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ChIP-Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156056":{"preferredName":"ATAC-Seq","code":"C156056","definitions":[{"description":"A molecular genetic technique that isolates and sequences chromosomal regions that are rich in open chromatin. First, nuclei are harvested from a cellular sample. Then a hyperactive Tn5 transposase is added to the nuclei where it excises non-nucleosomal DNA strands and ligates co-administered high-throughput sequencing adapters (tagmentation). The tagged DNA fragments are isolated, amplified by PCR and sequenced. The number of reads for specific region of DNA correlate with increased chromatin accessibility and this method can identify regions of transcription factor and nucleosome binding.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATAC-Seq","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Assay for Transposase Accessible Chromatin with High-Throughput Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin Using Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146817":{"preferredName":"Illumina Sequencing","code":"C146817","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary next-generation DNA sequencing system from Solexa that uses reversible terminator nucleotides. The genomic DNA to be sequenced is fragmented and ligated to adapter molecules on both ends to construct an Illumina-specific adapter library. PCR amplification of the DNA fragments is then performed using the adapter sequence as primer. Sequencing is carried out by repeated cycles of adding reversible fluorescent-labelled nucleotide and incorporation of the nucleotides to the complementary strand. The fluorescence of the incorporated nucleotides is detected.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Illumina Sequencing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Illumina Sequencing Technology","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12530":{"preferredName":"Granulocyte","code":"C12530","definitions":[{"description":"A type of immune cell that has granules (small particles) with enzymes that are released during infections, allergic reactions, and asthma. Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are granulocytes. A granulocyte is a type of white blood cell.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A leucocyte with conspicuous cytoplasmic granules. In humans the granulocytes are also classified as polymorphonuclear leucocytes and are subdivided according to the staining properties of the granules into eosinophils, basophils and neutrophils.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Granular Leukocyte","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Leukocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granulocyte","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granulocyte","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Granulocyte","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granulocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granulocytic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granulocytic Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"granular leukocyte","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"granulocyte","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12535":{"preferredName":"Lymphocyte","code":"C12535","definitions":[{"description":"A type of immune cell that is made in the bone marrow and is found in the blood and in lymph tissue. The two main types of lymphocytes are B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes. B lymphocytes make antibodies, and T lymphocytes help kill tumor cells and help control immune responses. A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each); those with characteristics of neither major class are called null cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphocyte","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C41067":{"preferredName":"Whole Blood","code":"C41067","definitions":[{"description":"Blood that has not been separated into its various components; blood that has not been modified except for the addition of an anticoagulant. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Blood that has not been separated into its various components; blood that has not been modified except for the addition of an anticoagulant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"WHOLE BLOOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Whole Blood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Whole Blood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Whole Blood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13356":{"preferredName":"Plasma","code":"C13356","definitions":[{"description":"The clear, yellowish, fluid part of the blood that carries the blood cells. The proteins that form blood clots are in plasma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The fluid (acellular) portion of the circulating blood with retained clotting components.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Plasma is the fluid (noncellular) portion of the circulating blood, as distinguished from the serum that is the fluid portion of the blood obtained by removal of the fibrin clot and blood cells after coagulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLASMA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Plasma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"plasma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3331":{"preferredName":"Pleural Effusion","code":"C3331","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in amounts of fluid within the pleural cavity. Symptoms include shortness of breath, cough and marked chest discomfort.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"An abnormal collection of fluid between the thin layers of tissue (pleura) lining the lung and the wall of the chest cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Increased amounts of fluid within the pleural cavity. Symptoms include shortness of breath, cough, and chest pain. It is usually caused by lung infections, congestive heart failure, pleural and lung tumors, connective tissue disorders, and trauma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Effusion, Pleural","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pleural Effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pleural Effusion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural Effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural Effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pleural effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Pleural effusion, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"pleural effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13275":{"preferredName":"Saliva","code":"C13275","definitions":[{"description":"A clear liquid secreted by the salivary glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The watery fluid in the mouth made by the salivary glands. Saliva moistens food to help digestion and it helps protect the mouth against infections.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The watery fluid in the mouth made by the salivary glands. Saliva moistens food to help digestion and it helps protect the mouth against infections.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Head and Neck, Saliva","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SALIVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Saliva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"saliva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13325":{"preferredName":"Serum","code":"C13325","definitions":[{"description":"The clear liquid part of the blood that remains after blood cells and clotting proteins have been removed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The clear portion of the blood that remains after the removal of the blood cells and the clotting proteins. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The clear portion of the blood that remains after the removal of the blood cells and the clotting proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SERUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"serum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13278":{"preferredName":"Sputum","code":"C13278","definitions":[{"description":"Material containing mucus, cellular debris, microorganisms and sometimes blood or pus. It is ejected through the mouth from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Material containing mucus, cellular debris, microorganisms and sometimes blood or pus. It is ejected through the mouth from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SPUTUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sputum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sputum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C84507":{"preferredName":"Buffy Coat","code":"C84507","definitions":[{"description":"The middle fraction of an anticoagulated blood specimen following separation by centrifugation. It contains most of the white blood cells and platelets.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The middle layer of an anticoagulated blood specimen following separation by centrifugation. It contains most of the white blood cells and platelets.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BUFFY COAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Buffy Coat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12508":{"preferredName":"Cell","code":"C12508","definitions":[{"description":"The individual unit that makes up all of the tissues of the body. All living things are made up of one or more cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The smallest units of living structure capable of independent existence, composed of a membrane-enclosed mass of protoplasm and containing a nucleus or nucleoid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cell Types","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"UCUM"},{"termName":"Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Normal Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"{Cells}","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"UCUM"}]}}{"C84513":{"preferredName":"Whole Bone Marrow","code":"C84513","definitions":[{"description":"Bone marrow sample containing a mixture of different types of stem cells, including hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and multipotent progenitor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"WBM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Whole Bone Marrow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25408":{"preferredName":"Adjacent","code":"C25408","definitions":[{"description":"Next to or adjoining.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adjacent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adjacent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25237":{"preferredName":"Distal","code":"C25237","definitions":[{"description":"In medicine, refers to a part of the body that is farther away from the center of the body than another part. For example, the fingers are distal to the shoulder. The opposite is proximal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Situated farthest from a point of reference.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Situated farthest from a point of attachment or origin, as of a limb or bone; or directed away from the midline of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DISTAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Distal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Distal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"distal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15701":{"preferredName":"Total Hysterectomy","code":"C15701","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove the entire uterus, including the cervix.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A surgical procedure to remove the uterine body and cervix. -- 2004","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Simple Hysterectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Total Hysterectomy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Total Hysterectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"complete hysterectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"total hysterectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C131672":{"preferredName":"Gross Total Resection","code":"C131672","definitions":[{"description":"Surgical removal of an entire visible lesion, with no obvious lesion detected on post-operative evaluation; microscopic residual disease may be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Surgical removal of an entire visible lesion, with no obvious lesion detected on post-operative evaluation; microscopic residual disease may be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gross Total Resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gross Total Resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C15256":{"preferredName":"Hysterectomy","code":"C15256","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove the uterus and, sometimes, the cervix. When the uterus and the cervix are removed, it is called a total hysterectomy. When only the uterus is removed, it is called a partial hysterectomy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A surgical procedure to remove the uterine body (partial hysterectomy) or the uterine body and cervix (total hysterectomy).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hysterectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hysterectomy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hysterectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hysterectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15272":{"preferredName":"Lobectomy","code":"C15272","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove a whole lobe (section) of an organ (such as the lungs, liver, brain, or thyroid gland).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Surgical removal of a lobe of an organ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lobectomy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lobectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lobectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C118358":{"preferredName":"Exoresection","code":"C118358","definitions":[{"description":"A surgical technique for the transscleral resection of large, anteriorly located uveal melanomas with ciliary body and/or iris involvement. This approach is most common when conservative therapy is either unlikely to help, or likely to cause complications.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Exoresection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exoresection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15755":{"preferredName":"Lumpectomy","code":"C15755","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove abnormal tissue or cancer from the breast and a small amount of normal tissue around it. It is a type of breast-sparing surgery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The surgical removal of a discrete mass.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lumpectomy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lumpectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lumpectomy of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Partial Mastectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lumpectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"partial mastectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15278":{"preferredName":"Modified Radical Mastectomy","code":"C15278","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery for breast cancer in which the breast, most or all of the lymph nodes under the arm, and the lining over the chest muscles are removed. Sometimes the surgeon also removes part of the chest wall muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The surgical removal of one or both breasts, including the areola, nipple, and the majority of the axillary lymph nodes, but sparing the pectoralis major muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Modified Mastectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Radical Mastectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"modified radical mastectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15190":{"preferredName":"Needle Biopsy","code":"C15190","definitions":[{"description":"The removal of tissue or fluid with a needle for examination under a microscope. When a wide needle is used, the procedure is called a core biopsy. When a thin needle is used, the procedure is called a fine-needle aspiration biopsy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The removal of a tissue sample using a needle, for microscopic examination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aspiration Biopsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Needle Biopsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Needle Biopsy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Needle Biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Puncture Biopsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"needle biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15288":{"preferredName":"Orchiectomy","code":"C15288","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove one or both testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Surgical removal of one or both testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Castration","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Male Castration","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Male Gonadectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orchiectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orchiectomy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Orchiectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"orchidectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"orchiectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15294":{"preferredName":"Pancreatectomy","code":"C15294","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove all or part of the pancreas. In a total pancreatectomy, part of the stomach, part of the small intestine, the common bile duct, gallbladder, spleen, and nearby lymph nodes also are removed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Surgical removal of part or all of the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Excision of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreas Excision","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatectomy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pancreatectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C103239":{"preferredName":"Total Proctocolectomy","code":"C103239","definitions":[{"description":"Surgical removal of the entire colon, anus, and rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pan-Procto Colectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-Proctocolectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panproctocolectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Total Proctocolectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Total Proctocolectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15310":{"preferredName":"Paracentesis","code":"C15310","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure in which a thin needle or tube is put into the abdomen to remove fluid from the peritoneal cavity (the space within the abdomen that contains the intestines, the stomach, and the liver).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The removal of excess fluid via needle puncture from any body cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Paracentesis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"paracentesis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15305":{"preferredName":"Pneumonectomy","code":"C15305","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove all of one lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The excision of part or all of a lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pneumonectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pneumonectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C91838":{"preferredName":"Sigmoidectomy","code":"C91838","definitions":[{"description":"A surgical procedure involving the partial or complete resection of the sigmoid colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colon Resection, Sigmoid Extended","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sigmoid Colectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sigmoidectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15281":{"preferredName":"Total Mastectomy","code":"C15281","definitions":[{"description":"Removal of the breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A surgical procedure involving the removal of the entire breast tissue, nipple and a portion of the overlying skin, while leaving the axillary contents intact.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Simple Mastectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Total Mastectomy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Total Mastectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"simple mastectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"total mastectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C131680":{"preferredName":"Partial Resection","code":"C131680","definitions":[{"description":"Surgical removal of a part of a lesion; some portion of the lesion is detectable on post-operative evaluation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Surgical removal of a part of a lesion; some portion of the lesion is detectable on post-operative evaluation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Incomplete Resection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Partial Resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Partial Resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Subtotal Resection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C51924":{"preferredName":"Total Colectomy","code":"C51924","definitions":[{"description":"Surgical removal of the entire colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Complete Excisioin of Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Total Colectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Total Colectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C116651":{"preferredName":"Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor","code":"C116651","definitions":[{"description":"A surgical procedure used to treat bladder tumors, during which a resectoscope is passed through the urethra and into the bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TURBT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C51612":{"preferredName":"Transverse Colectomy","code":"C51612","definitions":[{"description":"Surgical removal of the transverse colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colon Resection, Transverse Extended","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transverse Colectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transverse Colectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C51690":{"preferredName":"Wedge Excision","code":"C51690","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove a triangle-shaped slice of tissue. It may be used to remove a tumor and a small amount of normal tissue around it.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Surgical removal of a triangular wedge shaped section of tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wedge Excision","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wedge Resection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"wedge resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15356":{"preferredName":"Whipple Procedure","code":"C15356","definitions":[{"description":"A type of surgery used to treat pancreatic cancer. The head of the pancreas, the duodenum, a portion of the stomach, and other nearby tissues are removed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Surgical removal of part of the pancreas, duodenum, and distal part of the bile duct. Sometimes, the lower portion of the stomach and the gallbladder are also removed. This procedure is performed for pancreatic, ampullary, duodenal and distal bile duct cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreaticoduodenectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Whipple Procedure","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Whipple Procedure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Whipple procedure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15394":{"preferredName":"Partial Hepatectomy","code":"C15394","definitions":[{"description":"Partial removal of the liver","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Partial Hepatectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"partial excision of liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"subtotal hepatectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C51781":{"preferredName":"Total Hepatectomy","code":"C51781","definitions":[{"description":"Surgical removal of the entire liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Total Hepatectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16475":{"preferredName":"Cryopreservation","code":"C16475","definitions":[{"description":"Storage at very low temperature, usually in liquid nitrogen or the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen.","attr":"eManu","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"The process of cooling and storing cells, tissues, or organs at very low or freezing temperatures to save them for future use.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Preservation of cells, tissues, organs, or embryos by storage at low temperatures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cryopreservation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cryopreservation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cryopreservation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryopreserved","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Storage, Cryopreservation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"cryopreservation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C143028":{"preferredName":"Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded","code":"C143028","definitions":[{"description":"Refers to samples that have been preserved with formalin and then embedded into a paraffin block for sectioning.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FFPE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C63523":{"preferredName":"Optimal Cutting Temperature Compound","code":"C63523","definitions":[{"description":"A solution of water soluble glycols and resins that provide a specimen support matrix for cryostat sectioning at temperatures of -10 degrees C and below.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OCT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Optimal Cutting Temperature Compound","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tissue-Tek OCT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tissue-Tek Optimal Cutting Temperature Compound","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C63521":{"preferredName":"Quick Freeze","code":"C63521","definitions":[{"description":"To freeze rapidly so as to preserve structure and prevent ice crystal formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"To freeze rapidly so as to preserve structure and prevent ice crystal formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLASH FREEZING","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Flash Freeze","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flash Frozen","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Quick Freeze","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Quick Frozen","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Snap Freeze","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Snap Frozen","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C84517":{"preferredName":"Fresh Specimen","code":"C84517","definitions":[{"description":"A specimen that is analyzed in the state that it was collected.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Tissue which has not been exposed to a fixative solution.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FRESH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fresh","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fresh Specimen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fresh Specimen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C70717":{"preferredName":"Frozen Specimen","code":"C70717","definitions":[{"description":"A specimen that has been subjected to and immobilized by severe cold. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A specimen that has been subjected to and immobilized by severe cold.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FROZEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Frozen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Frozen Specimen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Frozen Specimen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Frozen Specimen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C18009":{"preferredName":"Tumor Tissue","code":"C18009","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor sample, or entire tumor that is removed for examination.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tumor sample, or entire tumor that is removed for microscopic examination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TUMOR TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tumor Sample","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25401":{"preferredName":"Abnormal","code":"C25401","definitions":[{"description":"Deviating in any way from the state, position, structure, condition, behavior, or rule which is considered a norm. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Not normal. An abnormal lesion or growth may be cancer, premalignant (likely to become cancer), or benign (not cancer).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Deviating in any way from the state, position, structure, condition, behavior, or rule which is considered a norm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABNORMAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Abnormal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abnormal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"abnormal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"deviant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C119010":{"preferredName":"Peritumoral","code":"C119010","definitions":[{"description":"Located in tissues surrounding a tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peritumoral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peritumoral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7464":{"preferredName":"Acute Leukemia of Ambiguous Lineage","code":"C7464","definitions":[{"description":"A rare subtype of acute leukemia in which the blasts lack sufficient evidence to classify as myeloid or lymphoid, or they have morphologic and/or immunophenotypic characteristics of both myeloid and lymphoid cells. These subtypes account for less than 4% of cases of acute leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute leukemia in which the blasts lack sufficient evidence to classify as myeloid or lymphoid or they have morphologic and/or immunophenotypic characteristics of both myeloid and lymphoid cells. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Leukemia of Ambiguous Lineage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Leukemia of Ambiguous Lineage","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Leukemia of Ambiguous Lineage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Leukemia of Ambiguous Lineage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Leukemia of Indeterminate Lineage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Leukemia of Indeterminate Lineage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3167":{"preferredName":"Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","code":"C3167","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells, originating from immature lymphoid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rapidly progressive cancer of the blood and bone marrow consisting of the proliferation of lymphoblasts, which are immature, dysfunctional white blood cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of leukemia (blood cancer) in which too many lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the blood and bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Leukemia with an acute onset, characterized by the presence of lymphoblasts in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. It includes the acute B lymphoblastic leukemia and acute T lymphoblastic leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ALL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ALL - Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ALL - Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphocytic Leukemias","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphocytic Leukemias","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acute Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute lymphoblastic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, LYMPHOBLASTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor Lymphoblasic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Precursor Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acute lymphoblastic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"acute lymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3171":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia","code":"C3171","definitions":[{"description":"A rapidly progressive cancer of the blood and bone marrow consisting of the proliferation of abnormal myeloblasts, which are immature, dysfunctional white blood cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) disease in which too many myeloblasts (immature white blood cells that are not lymphoblasts) are found in the bone marrow and blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in the bone marrow, blood or other tissues. The classification of acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) encompasses four major categories: 1) AML with recurrent genetic abnormalities; 2) AML with multilineage dysplasia; 3) Therapy-related AML; 4) AML not otherwise specified. The required bone marrow or peripheral blood blast percentage for the diagnosis of AML is 20% (WHO classification).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"AML - Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANLL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ANLL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myelogenous Leukemias","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoeitic - Acute Myleogenous Leukemia (AML)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acute myeloblastic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"acute myelogenous leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"acute myeloid leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"acute nonlymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C19594":{"preferredName":"Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C19594","definitions":[{"description":"Not characterized in any other way.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NOS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not otherwise specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"UCUM"},{"termName":"{NOS}","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"UCUM"}]}}{"C12932":{"preferredName":"Xenograft","code":"C12932","definitions":[{"description":"The transplant of an organ, tissue, or cells to an individual of another species.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor into a recipient of another species.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heterograft","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xenograft","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xenotransplant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xenotransplantation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"xenograft","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C90529":{"preferredName":"AJCC v6 Stage","code":"C90529","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer stage defined according to the AJCC 6th edition criteria.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AJCC v6 Stage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C90530":{"preferredName":"AJCC v7 Stage","code":"C90530","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer stage defined according to the AJCC 7th edition criteria.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AJCC v7 Stage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C132248":{"preferredName":"AJCC v8 Stage","code":"C132248","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer stage defined according to the AJCC 8th edition criteria.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AJCC v8 Stage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C36113":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Lesion","code":"C36113","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic finding indicating the presence of a malignant cellular infiltrate characterized by the presence of large pleomorphic cells, necrosis, and high mitotic activity in a tissue sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Change","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Lesion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Lesion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C69309":{"preferredName":"Sclerosis","code":"C69309","definitions":[{"description":"A pathological hardening or thickening of tissue, especially that of the interstitial substance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sclerosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerotic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48190":{"preferredName":"Absent","code":"C48190","definitions":[{"description":"Not existing in a specified place at a specified time. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Not existing in a specified place at a specified time.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABSENT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Absent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Absent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not Present","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C14175":{"preferredName":"Diffuse","code":"C14175","definitions":[{"description":"Widely spread; not localized or confined.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Widely spread; not localized or confined.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Widely spread; not localized or confined.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIFFUSE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Diffuse","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diffuse","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Widespread","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"diffuse","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C28224":{"preferredName":"Focal","code":"C28224","definitions":[{"description":"In terms of cancer, limited to a specific area.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Limited to a specific area.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FOCAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Focal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Focal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"focal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C113691":{"preferredName":"Child-Pugh Class A","code":"C113691","definitions":[{"description":"Child-Pugh score indicating one-year survival of 100% in patients with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. This score is determined by the study of the following five factors: bilirubin, albumin, international normalized ratio, presence and degree of ascites, and presence and degree of encephalopathy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Child-Pugh Class A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Child-Pugh Class A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146790":{"preferredName":"Child-Pugh Class A5","code":"C146790","definitions":[{"description":"A total score of 5 for hepatic function, corresponding to class A in the Child-Pugh classification.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Child-Pugh Class A5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Child-Pugh Grade A5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146791":{"preferredName":"Child-Pugh Class A6","code":"C146791","definitions":[{"description":"A total score of 6 for hepatic function, corresponding to class A in the Child-Pugh classification.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Child-Pugh Class A6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Child-Pugh Grade A6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C113692":{"preferredName":"Child-Pugh Class B","code":"C113692","definitions":[{"description":"Child-Pugh score indicating one-year survival of 80% in patients with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. This score is determined by the study of the following five factors: bilirubin, albumin, international normalized ratio, presence and degree of ascites, and presence and degree of encephalopathy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Child-Pugh Class B","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Child-Pugh Class B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146792":{"preferredName":"Child-Pugh Class B7","code":"C146792","definitions":[{"description":"A total score of 7 for hepatic function, corresponding to class B in the Child-Pugh classification.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Child-Pugh Class B7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Child-Pugh Grade B7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146793":{"preferredName":"Child-Pugh Class B8","code":"C146793","definitions":[{"description":"A total score of 8 for hepatic function, corresponding to class B in the Child-Pugh classification.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Child-Pugh Class B8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Child-Pugh Grade B8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146794":{"preferredName":"Child-Pugh Class B9","code":"C146794","definitions":[{"description":"A total score of 9 for hepatic function, corresponding to class B in the Child-Pugh classification.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Child-Pugh Class B9","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Child-Pugh Grade B9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C113694":{"preferredName":"Child-Pugh Class C","code":"C113694","definitions":[{"description":"Child-Pugh score indicating one-year survival of 45% in patients with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. This score is determined by the study of the following five factors: bilirubin, albumin, international normalized ratio, presence and degree of ascites, and presence and degree of encephalopathy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Child-Pugh Class C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146795":{"preferredName":"Child-Pugh Class C10","code":"C146795","definitions":[{"description":"A total score of 10 for hepatic function, corresponding to class C in the Child-Pugh classification.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Child-Pugh Class C10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Child-Pugh Grade C10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146796":{"preferredName":"Child-Pugh Class C11","code":"C146796","definitions":[{"description":"A total score of 11 for hepatic function, corresponding to class C in the Child-Pugh classification.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Child-Pugh Class C11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Child-Pugh Grade C11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146797":{"preferredName":"Child-Pugh Class C12","code":"C146797","definitions":[{"description":"A total score of 12 for hepatic function, corresponding to class C in the Child-Pugh classification.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Child-Pugh Class C12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Child-Pugh Grade C12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C140301":{"preferredName":"SIOP/COG/NWTSG Stage I","code":"C140301","definitions":[{"description":"Wilms' tumor is limited to the kidney and completely excised; the tumor was not ruptured before or during removal; the vessels of the renal sinus are not involved beyond 2 mm; there is no residual tumor present beyond the margins of excision.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SIOP/COG/NWTSG Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C140303":{"preferredName":"SIOP/COG/NWTSG Stage II","code":"C140303","definitions":[{"description":"Wilms' tumor extends beyond the kidney but is completely excised; no residual tumor is apparent at or beyond the margins of the excision; tumor thrombus in vessels outside the kidney is Stage II if the thrombus is removed en bloc with the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SIOP/COG/NWTSG Stage II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C140305":{"preferredName":"SIOP/COG/NWTSG Stage III","code":"C140305","definitions":[{"description":"Residual Wilms' tumor confined to the abdomen; Lymph nodes in the renal hilum, the periaortic chains, or beyond are found to contain tumor; diffuse peritoneal contamination by the tumor; implants are found on the peritoneal surfaces; tumor extends beyond the surgical margins either microscopically or grossly; tumor is not completely resectable because of local infiltration into vital structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SIOP/COG/NWTSG Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C140307":{"preferredName":"SIOP/COG/NWTSG Stage IV","code":"C140307","definitions":[{"description":"Presence of hematogenous metastases or metastases to distant lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SIOP/COG/NWTSG Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C102401":{"preferredName":"High Risk","code":"C102401","definitions":[{"description":"The potential future harm that may arise from some present action or attribute or condition is almost certain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The potential future harm that may arise from some present action or attribute or condition is almost certain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HIGH RISK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"High Risk","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C102402":{"preferredName":"Intermediate Risk","code":"C102402","definitions":[{"description":"The potential future harm that may arise from some present action or attribute or condition is moderate.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The potential future harm that may arise from some present action or attribute or condition is moderate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INTERMEDIATE RISK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intermediate Risk","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C102403":{"preferredName":"Low Risk","code":"C102403","definitions":[{"description":"The potential future harm that may arise from some present action or attribute or condition is small.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The potential future harm that may arise from some present action or attribute or condition is small.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LOW RISK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Low Risk","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C140261":{"preferredName":"Enneking High Surgical Grade","code":"C140261","definitions":[{"description":"A high-grade lesion, corresponding to Broder's Grades 3 and 4, having a higher incidence of metastasis and characterized histologically by mitotic figures, prominent nucleoli, and pleomorphism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enneking High Surgical Grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSTS High Surgical Grade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C140260":{"preferredName":"Enneking Low Surgical Grade","code":"C140260","definitions":[{"description":"A low-grade lesion, corresponding to Broder's Grades 1 or 2, with a low risk for distant spread (< 25%). These tumors are characterized by low mitotic rates, low nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, and limited pleomorphism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enneking Low Surgical Grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSTS Low Surgical Grade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C147528":{"preferredName":"Enneking Metastasis M0","code":"C147528","definitions":[{"description":"No metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enneking Metastasis M0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C147529":{"preferredName":"Enneking Metastasis M1","code":"C147529","definitions":[{"description":"Regional or distant metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enneking Metastasis 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metastasis (M0).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enneking Stage IIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146704":{"preferredName":"Enneking Stage IIB","code":"C146704","definitions":[{"description":"A stage for malignant musculoskeletal tumors characterized by high grade (G2), intracomparmental site (T2), and no metastasis (M0).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enneking Stage IIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C146705":{"preferredName":"Enneking Stage III","code":"C146705","definitions":[{"description":"A stage for malignant musculoskeletal tumors characterized by any grade, any site, and regional or distant metastasis (M1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enneking Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C140265":{"preferredName":"Extracompartmental Tumor","code":"C140265","definitions":[{"description":"Bone tumors extend beyond the bone cortex.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extracompartmental","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extracompartmental Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSTS Extracompartmental","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C140263":{"preferredName":"Intracompartmental Tumor","code":"C140263","definitions":[{"description":"Bone tumors are confined within the cortex of the bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intracompartmental","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracompartmental Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSTS Intracompartmental","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C42048":{"preferredName":"Differentiating Neuroblastoma","code":"C42048","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroblastoma in which the differentiating neuroblasts constitute more than five-percent of the tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Differentiating Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Differentiating Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C42047":{"preferredName":"Poorly Differentiated Neuroblastoma","code":"C42047","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroblastoma in which the differentiating neuroblasts constitute less than five-percent of the tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C42046":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Neuroblastoma","code":"C42046","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroblastoma characterized by the absence of differentiating neuroblasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Undifferentiated 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L1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Stage L1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C133429":{"preferredName":"INRG Stage L2","code":"C133429","definitions":[{"description":"Locoregional neuroblastoma with one or more image defined risk factors (IDRFs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INRG Stage L2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"INRG Stage L2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Stage L2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C133430":{"preferredName":"INRG Stage M","code":"C133430","definitions":[{"description":"Neuroblastoma with distant metastatic disease (except MS).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INRG Stage M","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"INRG Stage M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Stage M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C133431":{"preferredName":"INRG Stage MS","code":"C133431","definitions":[{"description":"INRG stage L1 or L2 neuroblastoma with metastatic disease confined to the skin and/or liver and/or bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INRG Stage MS","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"INRG Stage MS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Stage MS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C85417":{"preferredName":"INSS Stage 1","code":"C85417","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor is confined to the original site of growth; no metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INSS Stage 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C85418":{"preferredName":"INSS Stage 2A","code":"C85418","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor is unilateral and the resection is grossly incomplete; no evidence of lymph node involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INSS Stage 2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C85419":{"preferredName":"INSS Stage 2B","code":"C85419","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor is unilateral and the resection is complete or incomplete; ipsilateral lymph nodes are involved by tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INSS Stage 2B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C85420":{"preferredName":"INSS Stage 3","code":"C85420","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor extends across the midline and the regional lymph nodes may or may not be involved by tumor; or the tumor is unilateral and the contralateral lymph nodes are involved by tumor; or the tumor is in midline and there is bilateral lymph node involvement by tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INSS Stage 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C85421":{"preferredName":"INSS Stage 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I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148013":{"preferredName":"Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Group Ia","code":"C148013","definitions":[{"description":"Confined to site of origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Group Ia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Group Ia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyosarcoma Group Ia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148014":{"preferredName":"Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Group Ib","code":"C148014","definitions":[{"description":"Infiltrative, beyond site of origin; negative lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Group Ib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Group Ib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyosarcoma Group Ib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148015":{"preferredName":"Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Group 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excised.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Group IIb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Group IIb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyosarcoma Group IIb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148018":{"preferredName":"Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Group IIc","code":"C148018","definitions":[{"description":"Regional disease with positive lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Group IIc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Group IIc","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyosarcoma Group IIc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148019":{"preferredName":"Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Group III","code":"C148019","definitions":[{"description":"Gross residual disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Group III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intergroup 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tumor).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Group IIIb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Group IIIb","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Group IIIb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyosarcoma Group IIIb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148022":{"preferredName":"Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Group IV","code":"C148022","definitions":[{"description":"Distant metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Group IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Group IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyosarcoma Group IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95150":{"preferredName":"Ishak Score 0","code":"C95150","definitions":[{"description":"No evidence of fibrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ishak Score 0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ishak Score 0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95155":{"preferredName":"Ishak Score 5","code":"C95155","definitions":[{"description":"Marked bridging fibrosis with formation of occasional hepatic nodules is present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ishak Score 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ishak Score 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95156":{"preferredName":"Ishak Score 6","code":"C95156","definitions":[{"description":"Marked fibrosis with cirrhosis is present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ishak Score 6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ishak Score 6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129444":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma, Non-WNT/Non-SHH","code":"C129444","definitions":[{"description":"Medulloblastoma not associated with activation of the WNT pathway or sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway. TP53 mutations are absent. This molecular subtype includes medulloblastomas numerically designated as \"group 3\" and \"group 4\".","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, Non-WNT/Non-SHH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129447":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C129447","definitions":[{"description":"A medulloblastoma which has not been further characterized.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129441":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma, SHH-Activated","code":"C129441","definitions":[{"description":"A molecular subtype of medulloblastoma associated with activation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway. TP53 mutations may be present or absent. Patients in this group are young children and adults. Overall survival is variable and depends on the presence or absence of metastatic disease, histology, and the age at diagnosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, SHH-Activated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129440":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma, WNT-Activated","code":"C129440","definitions":[{"description":"A molecular subtype of medulloblastoma associated with activation of the WNT pathway. TP53 mutations may be present or absent. WNT pathway activation in medulloblastomas is associated with good outcome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, WNT-Activated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WNT Signaling Pathway Aberrant Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2885":{"preferredName":"Ascites","code":"C2885","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of serous or hemorrhagic fluid in the peritoneal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Abnormal buildup of fluid in the abdomen that may cause swelling. In late-stage cancer, tumor cells may be found in the fluid in the abdomen. Ascites also occurs in patients with liver disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Abnormal collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, which may be serous, hemorrhagic, or the result of tumor metastasis to the peritoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, which may be serous, hemorrhagic, or the result of tumor metastasis to the peritoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ascites","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ascites","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Ascites","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ascites","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ascites","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Ascites","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"INCREASING ABDOMINAL DISTENTION OR ASCITES","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ascites","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C25626":{"preferredName":"Present","code":"C25626","definitions":[{"description":"Being or existing in a specified place or at the specified time. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Being or existing in a specified place or at the specified time.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Found","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"In","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRESENT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Presence","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Present","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Present","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C70430":{"preferredName":"Zero","code":"C70430","definitions":[{"description":"A mathematical element that when added to another number yields the same number; the cardinal number meaning one less than one.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zero","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zero","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33892":{"preferredName":"White Matter","code":"C33892","definitions":[{"description":"The nerve tissue forming the bulk of the deep parts of the brain and the superficial parts of the spinal cord. It is composed of nerve cell processes, i.e. extensions (axons), which connect various grey matter areas of the brain to each other and carry nerve impulses to and from the nerve cell bodies within the central nervous system (neurons). (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The nerve tissue forming the bulk of the deep parts of the brain and the superficial parts of the spinal cord. It is composed of nerve cell processes, i.e. extensions (axons), which connect various grey matter areas of the brain to each other and carry nerve impulses to and from the nerve cell bodies within the central nervous system (neurons). Cerebral and spinal white matter does not contain dendrites. White matter is distinguished in that it is composed of axonal nerve fibers covered by a myelin sheath.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"WHITE MATTER TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"White Matter","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"White Matter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28077":{"preferredName":"Grade 1","code":"C28077","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic qualifier by the American Joint Cancer Committee (AJCC) indicating that a cancerous lesion is well differentiated. (American Joint Committee on Cancer. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2010.)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A morphologic qualifier indicating that a cancerous lesion is well differentiated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"G1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"G1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRADE 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28078":{"preferredName":"Grade 2","code":"C28078","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic qualifier by the American Joint Cancer Committee (AJCC) indicating that a cancerous lesion is moderately differentiated. (American Joint Committee on Cancer. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2010.)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A morphologic qualifier indicating that a cancerous lesion is moderately differentiated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"G2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"G2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRADE 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28079":{"preferredName":"Grade 3","code":"C28079","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic qualifier by the American Joint Cancer Committee (AJCC) indicating that a cancerous lesion is poorly differentiated. (American Joint Committee on Cancer. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2010.)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A morphologic qualifier indicating that a cancerous lesion is poorly differentiated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"G3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"G3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRADE 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28082":{"preferredName":"Grade 4","code":"C28082","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic qualifier by the American Joint Cancer Committee (AJCC) indicating that a cancerous lesion is undifferentiated. (American Joint Committee on Cancer. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2010.)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A morphologic qualifier indicating that a cancerous lesion is undifferentiated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"G4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"G4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRADE 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C113729":{"preferredName":"Grade B","code":"C113729","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic qualifier indicating that a neoplasm is of borderline malignancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Grade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C113730":{"preferredName":"Grade X","code":"C113730","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic qualifier by the American Joint Cancer Committee (AJCC) indicating that the grade of a cancerous lesion cannot be assessed. (American Joint Committee on Cancer. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2010.)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A morphologic qualifier indicating that the grade of a neoplasm cannot be assessed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GRADE X","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"GX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade X","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C14158":{"preferredName":"High Grade","code":"C14158","definitions":[{"description":"A term used to describe cells that look abnormal under a microscope. These cells are more likely to grow and spread quickly than cells in low-grade cancer or in growths that may become cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Used to describe tumor samples that exhibit poorly differentiated or undifferentiated cells. They are generally expected to be fast growing and aggressive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"High Grade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"high grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C14161":{"preferredName":"Low Grade","code":"C14161","definitions":[{"description":"A term used to describe cells that look nearly normal under a microscope. These cells are less likely to grow and spread more quickly than cells in high-grade cancer or in growths that may become cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Used to describe tumor samples that exhibit well to moderately well differentiated cells. They are generally expected to be slow growing and less aggressive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Low Grade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"low grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C43566":{"preferredName":"Gross","code":"C43566","definitions":[{"description":"Visible to the naked eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gross","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gross","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Macroscopic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25252":{"preferredName":"Microscopic","code":"C25252","definitions":[{"description":"Too small to be seen without a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Too small to be seen except under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Microscopic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microscopic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"microscopic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C44280":{"preferredName":"External","code":"C44280","definitions":[{"description":"Happening or arising or located outside or beyond some limits, or especially, some surface.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Exogenous","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Externally","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extramural","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Outside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25234":{"preferredName":"Internal","code":"C25234","definitions":[{"description":"Happening or arising or located within some limits, or especially, within some surface.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Internal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Internal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Internally","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intramural","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C126383":{"preferredName":"Drinker","code":"C126383","definitions":[{"description":"An individual who drinks at least once per week with regularity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Drinker","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Regular Drinker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C126384":{"preferredName":"Heavy Drinker","code":"C126384","definitions":[{"description":"A man who drinks more than 14 standard drinks per week or a woman who drinks more than 7 standard drinks per week.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heavy Drinker","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C126382":{"preferredName":"Occasional Drinker","code":"C126382","definitions":[{"description":"An individual who drinks from time to time, but generally less than once per week.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Occasional Drinker","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C16681":{"preferredName":"Histology","code":"C16681","definitions":[{"description":"The study of tissues and cells under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The study of the structure of the cells and their arrangement to constitute tissues and, finally, the association among these to form organs. In pathology, the microscopic process of identifying normal and abnormal morphologic characteristics in tissues, by employing various cytochemical and immunocytochemical stains.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histology","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histology","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microanatomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"histology","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C18189":{"preferredName":"Pathology","code":"C18189","definitions":[{"description":"The medical science, and specialty practice, concerned with all aspects of disease, but with special reference to the essential nature, causes, and development of abnormal conditions, as well as the structural and functional changes that result from the disease processes. Informally used to mean the result of such an examination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pathological","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pathology","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pathology","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C19187":{"preferredName":"Diagnostic Radiology","code":"C19187","definitions":[{"description":"The branch of radiology concerned with the use of ionizing or nonionizing radiation for diagnostic purposes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diagnostic Radiology","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diagnostic Radiology (Ionizing and Nonionizing)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C139651":{"preferredName":"Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitor","code":"C139651","definitions":[{"description":"Any agent that inhibits the enzyme alpha-glucosidase located in the intestines. This prevents the breakdown of complex carbohydrates to glucose and other monosaccharides, which results in decreased intestinal absorption of monosaccharides.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGIs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C98234":{"preferredName":"Biguanide Antidiabetic Agent","code":"C98234","definitions":[{"description":"Any antidiabetic agent with the biguanide base structure or phenformin derivatives with antihyperglycemic activity. Biguanide antidiabetic agents activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) resulting in decreased glucose production in the liver, increased peripheral glucose uptake and improved utilization of glucose. Biguanide-based antidiabetic agents do not cause hypoglycemia. In addition, biguanide antidiabetics decrease absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biguanide Antidiabetic Agent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C581":{"preferredName":"Therapeutic Insulin","code":"C581","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic or animal-derived form of insulin used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A synthetic or animal-derived form of insulin used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Therapeutic insulin is formulated to be short-, intermediate- and long-acting in order to individualize an insulin regimen according to individual differences in glucose and insulin metabolism. Therapeutic insulin may be derived from porcine, bovine or recombinant sources. Endogenous human insulin, a pancreatic hormone composed of two polypeptide chains, is important for the normal metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats and has anabolic effects on many types of tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INSULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Insulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Insulin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Insulin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Insulin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Insulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97936":{"preferredName":"Sulfonylurea Antidiabetic Agent","code":"C97936","definitions":[{"description":"Sulfonamide urea derivatives with antihyperglycemic activity. Sulphonylurea antidiabetic agents bind to sulfonylurea receptor type 1 (SUR1), the subunit of ATP-sensitive inwardly-rectifier potassium (IKATP) channels on the membranes of pancreatic beta cells, thereby blocking the inward current flow (influx) of positively charged K+ ions into the cell. This results in tonic membrane depolarization, and induces a calcium ion influx through voltage-sensitive calcium channels; increased intracellular calcium ion levels trigger exocytosis of insulin-containing granules. This eventually induces secretion of insulin. The IKATP channels found in pancreatic islets are complexes of four IKATP 6.2 and four SUR1 subunits. In addition, some sulfonylureas of larger molecular size may increase the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin mediated through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sulfonylurea Antidiabetic Agent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulphonylurea Antidiabetic Agent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C98241":{"preferredName":"Thiazolidinedione Antidiabetic Agent","code":"C98241","definitions":[{"description":"Any antidiabetic agent with the glitazone (thiazolidinedione) base structure with antihyperglycemic activity. Glitazone antidiabetic agents selectively bind to and stimulate the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. This results in the selective transcription of a number of insulin-sensitive genes involved in glucose metabolism. This eventually enhances insulin sensitivity, reduces insulin resistance and decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis. PPARs function as transcription factors that regulate expressions of genes involved in cellular differentiation, development, and metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), as well as tumorigenesis; PPARgamma is expressed at high levels in adipose tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thiazolidinedione Antidiabetic Agent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15383":{"preferredName":"Special Diet Therapy","code":"C15383","definitions":[{"description":"A form of therapy which includes dietary approaches and special diets.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A form of therapy which includes dietary approaches and special diets that are applied as alternative therapies for risk factors or chronic disease in general.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIET","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Special Diet Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Special Diet Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Special Diet Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105720":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 0","code":"C105720","definitions":[{"description":"Dead.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Australia-Modified Karnofsky Performance Status 0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105718":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 10","code":"C105718","definitions":[{"description":"Moribund; fatal processes progressing rapidly.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105716":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 20","code":"C105716","definitions":[{"description":"Very sick; hospitalization necessary; active support treatment is necessary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105715":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 30","code":"C105715","definitions":[{"description":"Severely disabled; hospitalization is indicated, although death not imminent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"30","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 30","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105714":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 40","code":"C105714","definitions":[{"description":"Disabled; requires special care and assistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"40","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 40","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105713":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 50","code":"C105713","definitions":[{"description":"Requires considerable assistance and frequent medical care.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"50","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Australia-Modified Karnofsky Performance Status 50","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 50","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105712":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 60","code":"C105712","definitions":[{"description":"Requires occasional assistance, but is able to care for most personal needs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"60","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Australia-Modified Karnofsky Performance Status 60","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 60","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105711":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 70","code":"C105711","definitions":[{"description":"Cares for self; unable to carry on normal activity or do active work.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"70","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Australia-Modified Karnofsky Performance Status 70","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 70","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105710":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 80","code":"C105710","definitions":[{"description":"Normal activity with effort; some sign or symptoms of disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"80","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Australia-Modified Karnofsky Performance Status 80","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 80","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105709":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 90","code":"C105709","definitions":[{"description":"Able to carry on normal activity; minor signs or symptoms of disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Australia-Modified Karnofsky Performance Status 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 90","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C105707":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 100","code":"C105707","definitions":[{"description":"Normal; no complaints; no evidence of disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Australia-Modified Karnofsky Performance Status 100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15692":{"preferredName":"Perimenopausal","code":"C15692","definitions":[{"description":"Describes the time in a woman's life when menstrual periods become irregular as she approaches menopause. This is usually three to five years before menopause and is often marked by many of the symptoms of menopause, including hot flashes, mood swings, night sweats, vaginal dryness, trouble concentrating, and infertility.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Perimenopausal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"perimenopausal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15421":{"preferredName":"Postmenopausal","code":"C15421","definitions":[{"description":"Having to do with the time after menopause. Menopause (\"change of life\") is the time in a woman's life when menstrual periods stop permanently.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Postmenopausal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"postmenopausal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15491":{"preferredName":"Premenopausal","code":"C15491","definitions":[{"description":"Having to do with the time before menopause. Menopause (\"change of life\") is the time of life when a woman's menstrual periods stop permanently.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Premenopausal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"premenopausal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C36162":{"preferredName":"Localized Disease","code":"C36162","definitions":[{"description":"A disease that is confined to a specific organ or tissue and has not spread to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Localized Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25434":{"preferredName":"Biochemical","code":"C25434","definitions":[{"description":"Of or relating to biochemistry; involving chemical processes in living organisms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biochemical","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biochemical","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C29633":{"preferredName":"Antacid Preparation","code":"C29633","definitions":[{"description":"Natural or synthetic compounds or mixtures, Antiacid Preparations such as sodium bicarbonate, sodium citrate, and phosphate salts act as proton acceptors, neutralizing the acidity of a biologic environment (skin, gastric content, urine, etc.) and raising the pH. These agents are used topically or systemically for management of metabolic acidosis, improved muscle contraction, and hyper-acidic conditions (preventing, counteracting, or neutralizing stomach acidity). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antacid Preparation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antacid Preparation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C29702":{"preferredName":"Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonist","code":"C29702","definitions":[{"description":"A pharmaceutical agent that blocks the binding of histamine to the type II histamine receptor, and is often used to decrease gastric acid production and to treat urticaria.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Any agent that competitively binds to and blocks the histamine H2 receptors found in the stomach, heart, uterus, on vascular smooth muscle and in the central nervous system (CNS). Of particular clinical relevance is the blockage of H2 receptors found on the parietal cells of the stomach, which prevents gastric acid secretion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H2 Antagonist","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2 Blocker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2 Blocker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"H2 Receptor Antagonist","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonist","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonist","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonist","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C29723":{"preferredName":"Proton Pump Inhibitor","code":"C29723","definitions":[{"description":"A pharmaceutical agent that inhibits the transport of hydrogen ions, in exchange for potassium ions, into the gastric lumen and results in an inhibition of gastric acid secretion. These drugs are used for their anti-ulcer activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Any one of the substituted benzimidazole compounds with anti-ulcer activity. A proton pump inhibitor is orally administered in the neutrally charged, inactive form and, upon entering the acidic environment of the parietal cell, gets protonated and converted into its active form. The active form will covalently and irreversibly bind to the proton pump, the H+/K+-ATPase, located on the surface of parietal cells. This leads to an inhibition of the transport of hydrogen ions, in exchange for potassium ions, into the gastric lumen and results in an inhibition of gastric acid secretion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PPI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PPI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Proton Pump Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proton Pump Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proton Pump Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C41132":{"preferredName":"None","code":"C41132","definitions":[{"description":"No person or thing, nobody, not any. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"No person or thing, nobody, not any.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"None","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"None","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"None","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"None","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"None at all","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15222":{"preferredName":"Diet","code":"C15222","definitions":[{"description":"The things a person eats and drinks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The customary allowance of food and drink taken by a person or an animal from day to day, particularly one especially planned to meet specific requirements of the individual, including or excluding certain items of food; a prescribed course of eating and drinking in which the amount and kind of food, as well as the times at which it is to be taken, are regulated for therapeutic purposes or selected with reference to a particular state of health.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diet","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dietary","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"diet","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C16273":{"preferredName":"Alcohol Consumption","code":"C16273","definitions":[{"description":"Consumption of liquids containing ethanol, including the behaviors associated with drinking the alcohol.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alcohol Consumption","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alcohol Consumption","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Alcohol Consumption","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2986":{"preferredName":"Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","code":"C2986","definitions":[{"description":"Diabetes mellitus caused by cell-mediated autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A chronic condition characterized by minimal or absent production of insulin by the pancreas.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDDM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immune Mediated Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Insulin Dependent Diabetes","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Insulin Dependent Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Insulin Dependent Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Type 1 Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type 1 Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Type I Diabetes","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Type I Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type I Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Type I Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C84729":{"preferredName":"Gilbert Syndrome","code":"C84729","definitions":[{"description":"An autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, resulting in harmless intermittent jaundice.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gilbert Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gilbert Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C92188":{"preferredName":"Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis","code":"C92188","definitions":[{"description":"Allergic rhinitis caused by outdoor allergens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hay Fever","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26323":{"preferredName":"Hematologic and Lymphocytic Disorder","code":"C26323","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic or non-neoplastic disorder that affects the production and proliferation of the hematopoietic cells including lymphoid cells, the synthesis of hemoglobin, and/or the mechanisms of coagulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematologic Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hematologic Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematologic and Lymphocytic Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematological Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematological Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C79596":{"preferredName":"Hepatic Encephalopathy","code":"C79596","definitions":[{"description":"A constellation of signs and symptoms characterized by changes in personality, consciousness, and reflexes, resulting from neuropsychiatric abnormalities secondary to liver failure without evidence of other brain disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatic Encephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C14219":{"preferredName":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus","code":"C14219","definitions":[{"description":"A cytopathic retrovirus. It is the etiological agent of AIDS.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"The cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The virus isolated and recognized as the etiologic agent of AIDS. HIV-1 is classified as a lentivirus, a subtype of retroviruses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HIV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HIV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Virus (HIV), Human Immunodeficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Virus-HIV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"human immunodeficiency virus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C38766":{"preferredName":"Lymphocytic Thyroiditis","code":"C38766","definitions":[{"description":"An inflammatory disorder that affects the thyroid gland. It is characterized by the infiltration of the thyroid parenchyma by lymphocytes. It includes Hashimoto thyroiditis and subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphocytic Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocytic Thyroiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C389":{"preferredName":"Oral Contraceptive","code":"C389","definitions":[{"description":"An agent taken orally to prevent conception.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Contraceptive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Contraceptive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C34549":{"preferredName":"Disturbance of Skin Sensation","code":"C34549","definitions":[{"description":"Disruption of the normal functioning of the sensory nerves in the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Disturbance of Skin Sensation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Sensation Disturbance","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C113681":{"preferredName":"Skin Tattoo","code":"C113681","definitions":[{"description":"A permanent mark created by the insertion of pigment below the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Tattoo","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tattoo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C18059":{"preferredName":"Tobacco Use","code":"C18059","definitions":[{"description":"Use of tobacco in any form, e.g., smoking, chewing or sniffing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tobacco Consumption","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tobacco Use","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tobacco Use","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C137998":{"preferredName":"Smokeless Tobacco Use","code":"C137998","definitions":[{"description":"Use of smokeless tobacco in any form, e.g., chewing or sniffing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Smokeless Tobacco Use","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Smokeless Tobacco Use","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C154329":{"preferredName":"Smoking","code":"C154329","definitions":[{"description":"The act of puffing and/or inhaling the combustion products of a substance so as to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Smoking","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12326":{"preferredName":"Undescended Testes","code":"C12326","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which one or both testicles fail to move from the abdomen, where they develop before birth, into the scrotum. Undescended testicles may increase the risk for development of testicular cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The persistent failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The failure of one or both testes of a male fetus to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum during the late part of pregnancy. If not surgically corrected in early childhood, males may be at increased risk for testicular cancer later in life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cryptorchidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cryptorchidism","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undescended Testes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undescended Testes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Undescended Testicle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Undescended Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undescended Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"cryptorchidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"undescended testicles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C118760":{"preferredName":"Abnormal Vision","code":"C118760","definitions":[{"description":"Disturbance of eyesight.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abnormal Vision","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C34783":{"preferredName":"Alcoholic Liver Disease","code":"C34783","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder caused by damage to the liver parenchyma due to alcohol consumption. It may present with an acute onset or follow a chronic course, leading to cirrhosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alcoholic Liver Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C84397":{"preferredName":"Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency","code":"C84397","definitions":[{"description":"A genetic disorder characterized by decreased alpha-1 antitrypsin activity in the lungs and blood and deposition of alpha-1 antitrypsin protein in the hepatocytes. These abnormalities result from defective production of alpha-1 antitrypsin and lead to the development of emphysema, cirrhosis, and liver failure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A-1ATD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A1AD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C156076":{"preferredName":"Autoimmune Atrophic Chronic Gastritis","code":"C156076","definitions":[{"description":"Chronic atrophic gastritis that is caused by autoimmune destruction of parietal cells in the stomach resulting in hypochlorhydria and decreased production of intrinsic factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autoimmune Atrophic Chronic Gastritis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autoimmune Atrophic Chronic Gastritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3954":{"preferredName":"Gastric Polyp","code":"C3954","definitions":[{"description":"A polyp that arises from the stomach. This category includes neoplastic polyps (intestinal-type adenomatous polyps, gastric-type adenomas, and fundic gland polyps), and non-neoplastic polyps (hyperplastic polyps and hamartomatous polyps).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric Polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric Polyposa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric Polyposis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyps of Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyps of the Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27121":{"preferredName":"Helicobacter Pylori-Associated Gastritis","code":"C27121","definitions":[{"description":"Inflammation of the stomach that is associated with Helicobacter Pylori.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Helicobacter Gastritis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Helicobacter Pylori-Associated Gastritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C84481":{"preferredName":"Hemochromatosis","code":"C84481","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which the body takes up and stores more iron than it needs. The extra iron is stored in the liver, heart, and pancreas, which may cause liver disease, heart problems, organ failure, and cancer. It may also cause bronze skin, diabetes, pain in the joints and abdomen, tiredness, and impotence. Hemochromatosis may be inherited, or it may be caused by blood transfusions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by iron accumulation in the tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemochromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemochromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemochromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"hemochromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C156083":{"preferredName":"High Grade Dysplasia","code":"C156083","definitions":[{"description":"A subjective characterization of the phenomenon of dysplasia, based on microscopic examination of the architectural and/or cytological changes in a tissue sample, that is determined to be high.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"High Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8360":{"preferredName":"Intestinal Metaplasia","code":"C8360","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic finding indicating the replacement of epithelial tissue outside the intestines by intestinal-type epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intestinal Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156084":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Dysplasia","code":"C156084","definitions":[{"description":"A subjective characterization of the phenomenon of dysplasia, based on microscopic examination of the architectural and/or cytological changes in a tissue sample, that is determined to be low.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Low Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C84444":{"preferredName":"Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","code":"C84444","definitions":[{"description":"A term referring to fatty replacement of the hepatic parenchyma which is not related to alcohol use.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NAFLD - Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C62797":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis B Virus Core Antibody","code":"C62797","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody produced by B lymphocytes to the hepatitis B core antigen as part of the immune response to hepatitis B viral infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HBV Core Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HBcAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Virus Core Antibody","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-HBc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C117108":{"preferredName":"HBV Genotype Assay","code":"C117108","definitions":[{"description":"An assay used to determine which hepatitis B virus genome(s) is present in an infection. Seven genotypes of HBV (designated A through G) have been identified. Different genotypes are prevalent in different geographical areas and each carries a different risk of development of hepatocellular carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HBV Genotype Assay","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HBV Genotype Measurement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HBV Genotyping","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Virus Genotype Assay","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C62796":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antibody","code":"C62796","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody produced by B lymphocytes to the hepatitis B surface antigen as part of the immune response to hepatitis B viral infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HBs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HBs Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HBsAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antibody","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C62786":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis B Virus HBsAg Surface Protein Antigen","code":"C62786","definitions":[{"description":"Any one of the hepatitis B antigens found on the surface of the Dane particle and on the 20 nm spherical and tubular particles. Several subspecificities of the surface antigen are known. These were formerly called the Australia antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HBsAg","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEPATITIS B VIRUS HBSAG SURFACE PROTEIN ANTIGEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Surface Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Virus HBsAg Surface Protein Antigen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Virus HBsAg Surface Protein Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C116400":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis C Antibody","code":"C116400","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody produced by B-lymphocytes in response to hepatitis C virus infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HCV Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Hepatitis C Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCV Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C Antibody","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C Antibody","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103404":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis B DNA Measurement","code":"C103404","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of the Hepatitis B virus DNA in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The determination of the amount of hepatitis B virus DNA in a sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HBDNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HBV DNA Measurement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B DNA Measurement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Virus DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Virus DNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Virus DNA Measurement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C117109":{"preferredName":"HCV Genotype Assay","code":"C117109","definitions":[{"description":"An assay for determining the genotype(s) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in plasma or serum from HCV-infected individuals. Six major genotypes are recognized and they vary in their response to treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HCV Genotype Assay","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCV Genotype Measurement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCV Genotyping","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C Virus Genotype Assay","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C113120":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis C RNA Measurement","code":"C113120","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of the Hepatitis C RNA in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatitis C RNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C RNA Measurement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C70699":{"preferredName":"Biospecimen","code":"C70699","definitions":[{"description":"A substance or portion of material originally obtained from an entity for use in testing, examination, or study. EXAMPLE(S): Blood obtained by a specimen collection activity performed on a study subject. A few grains of cattle feed obtained from a feed sack. A randomly selected pill from a blister pack. A serum specimen that resulted from Centrifugation procedure performed on a blood specimen. A DNA specimen extraction from a saliva specimen. A Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) block that resulted from a paraffin embedding procedure performed on a formalin fixed tissue specimen. A pooled blood sample that resulted from a mixing procedure performed on several blood samples taken from individual animals. OTHER NAME(S): Biologic specimen; Product specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"BRIDG"},{"description":"Any material sample taken from a biological entity for testing, diagnostic, propagation, treatment or research purposes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Samples of material, such as urine, blood, tissue, cells, DNA, RNA, and protein from humans, animals, or plants. Biospecimens are stored in a biorepository and are used for laboratory research. If the samples are from people, medical information may also be stored along with a written consent to use the samples in laboratory studies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any material sample taken from a biological entity for testing, diagnostic, propagation, treatment or research purposes, including a sample obtained from a living organism or taken from the biological object after halting of all its life functions. Biospecimen can contain one or more components including but not limited to cellular molecules, cells, tissues, organs, body fluids, embryos, and body excretory products.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIOSPECIMEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bio-Specimen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiologicSpecimen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"BRIDG"},{"termName":"Biological Sample","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Biological Sample","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biological Specimen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Biological Specimen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biospecimen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biospecimen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sample","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sample","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Specimen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"biospecimen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C28277":{"preferredName":"Pathology Report","code":"C28277","definitions":[{"description":"The description of cells and tissues made by a pathologist based on microscopic evidence, and sometimes used to make a diagnosis of a disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A report that provides a description of the gross and microscopic examination of the specimen and is used to make a diagnosis and to determine treatment. It defines which structures and organs of the body are involved by the tumor, verifies the primary site of the cancer and describes the extent to which it has spread.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histology Report","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histopathology Report","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pathology Report","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pathology Report","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pathology report","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C16396":{"preferredName":"Cell Culture","code":"C16396","definitions":[{"description":"Controlled cell proliferation in flasks, fermentors or other devices under defined growth conditions.","attr":"eManu","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"General term referring to the maintenance of cell strains or lines in the laboratory.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cell Culture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cell Culture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Expansion/Differentiation/Production, Cell Product","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"}]}}{"C94411":{"preferredName":"Genomic Profile","code":"C94411","definitions":[{"description":"Information about all the genes in an organism, including variations, gene expression, and the way those genes interact with each other and with the environment. A genomic profile may be used to discover why some people get certain diseases while other people do not, or why people respond differently to the same drug.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genomic Profile","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Genomic Profile","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"genetic profile","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"genomic profile","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C156057":{"preferredName":"MicroRNA Sequencing","code":"C156057","definitions":[{"description":"A next-generation or massively parallel high-throughput DNA sequencing-based procedure that can identify and quantify the microRNA sequences present in a biological sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MicroRNA Sequencing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MicroRNA-Seq","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"miRNA Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"miRNA-Seq","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40207":{"preferredName":"Copy Number Polymorphism","code":"C40207","definitions":[{"description":"Refers to the genetic trait involving the number of copies of a particular gene present in the genome of an individual. Genetic variants, including insertions, deletions, and duplications of segments of DNA, are also collectively referred to as copy number variants. Copy number variants account for a significant proportion of the genetic variation between individuals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Variation in the number of copies of a particular sequence within the genetic material of an individual. Large-scale copy number polymorphisms are common and widely distributed in the human genome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CNV","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copy Number Alteration","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copy Number Polymorphism","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Copy Number Polymorphism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copy Number Variation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"copy number variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13398":{"preferredName":"Embryonic Fluid","code":"C13398","definitions":[{"description":"Fluids surrounding or related to an embryo.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Embryonic Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonic Fluids","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonic Tissue, Fluids, Secretions","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12950":{"preferredName":"Embryonic Tissue","code":"C12950","definitions":[{"description":"Tissue that is formed during the embryonic stage of life of an organism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Embryonic Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13234":{"preferredName":"Feces","code":"C13234","definitions":[{"description":"The material discharged from the bowel during defecation. It consists of undigested food, intestinal mucus, epithelial cells, and bacteria. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The material in a bowel movement. Feces is made up of undigested food, bacteria, mucus, and cells from the lining of the intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The material discharged from the bowel during defecation. It consists of undigested food, intestinal mucus, epithelial cells, and bacteria.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FECES","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fecal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Feces","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Feces","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract, Feces","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STOOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Stool","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"feces","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"stool","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12435":{"preferredName":"Muscle Tissue","code":"C12435","definitions":[{"description":"Tissue responsible for body and internal organ movement. Muscle tissue is composed of specialized contractile cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Tissue responsible for the body movements and the shape and size changes of internal organs. Muscle tissue is composed of specialized contractile cells. There are two types of muscle tissue recognized: striated and smooth muscle. The striated muscle tissue is further subdivided into skeletal, visceral striated, and cardiac muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUSCLE TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Muscle Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muscle Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13052":{"preferredName":"Nerve Tissue","code":"C13052","definitions":[{"description":"The tissue that generates and conducts electrical signals in the body. It contains the neurons.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Nerve Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nerve Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nervous Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C77612":{"preferredName":"Peritoneal Fluid","code":"C77612","definitions":[{"description":"A liquid that is made in the abdominal cavity to lubricate the surface of the tissue that lines the abdominal wall and pelvic cavity and covers most of the organs in the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The fluid within the peritoneal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The small amount of fluid that is generated in the abdominal cavity to lubricate the peritoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLUID, PERITONEAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PERITONEAL FLUID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Peritoneal Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"peritoneal fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C77613":{"preferredName":"Pleural Fluid","code":"C77613","definitions":[{"description":"The fluid that is abnormally collected in the pleural cavity. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fluid that is abnormally collected in the pleural cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLUID, PLEURAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PLEURAL FLUID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pleural Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12801":{"preferredName":"Tissue","code":"C12801","definitions":[{"description":"A group or layer of cells that work together to perform a specific function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An anatomical structure consisting of similarly specialized cells and intercellular matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships, performing a specific function. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An anatomical structure consisting of similarly specialized cells and intercellular matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships, performing a specific function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Normal Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tissues","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13283":{"preferredName":"Urine","code":"C13283","definitions":[{"description":"Fluid containing water and waste products. Urine is made by the kidneys, stored in the bladder, and leaves the body through the urethra.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The fluid produced by the kidneys.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fluid that is excreted by the kidneys. It is stored in the bladder and discharged through the urethra.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"URINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Urinary System, Urine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"urine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C63321":{"preferredName":"Absolute Neutrophil Count","code":"C63321","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of the neutrophils in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The real number of white blood cells (WBC) that are neutrophils. It is derived by multiplying the WBC count by the percent of neutrophils in the differential WBC count. The normal range for ANC is 1.5 to 8.0 (1,500 to 8,000/mm3).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Absolute Neutrophil Count","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEUT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neutrophils","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neutrophils","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C64431":{"preferredName":"Albumin Measurement","code":"C64431","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of the albumin protein in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A quantitative measurement of albumin present in a sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Albumin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Albumin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Albumin Measurement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microalbumin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C74732":{"preferredName":"Alpha-fetoprotein Measurement","code":"C74732","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of the alpha fetoprotein in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The determination of the amount of alpha-fetoprotein present in a sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Alpha Fetoprotein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Alpha Fetoprotein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Alpha-1-Fetoprotein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Alpha-1-Fetoprotein Measurement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Alpha-fetoprotein Measurement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-fetoprotein Measurement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C64470":{"preferredName":"Total Basophil Count","code":"C64470","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of the basophils in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The determination of the absolute number of basophils in a blood sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BASO","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Basophils","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Basophils","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Total Basophil Count","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C81980":{"preferredName":"Beta-2 Microglobulin Measurement","code":"C81980","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of the beta-2 microglobulin in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The determination of the amount of beta-2 microglobulin present in a sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B2MICG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Beta 2 Microglobulin Measurement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-2 Microglobulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Beta-2 Microglobulin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Beta-2 Microglobulin Measurement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C1753":{"preferredName":"Blood Urea","code":"C1753","definitions":[{"description":"Nitrogen in the blood that comes from urea (a substance formed by the breakdown of protein in the liver). The kidneys filter urea out of the blood and into the urine. A high level of urea nitrogen in the blood may be a sign of a kidney problem.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The most prevalent of nonprotein nitrogenous compounds circulating in the blood used as an indicator of liver and kidney function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BUN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Blood Urea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blood Urea Nitrogen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"blood urea nitrogen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"urea nitrogen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C64488":{"preferredName":"Calcium Measurement","code":"C64488","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of the calcium in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A quantitative measurement of the amount of calcium present in a sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Calcium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Calcium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Calcium Measurement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C111153":{"preferredName":"Cellularity Measurement","code":"C111153","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of the degree, quality or condition of cells in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The determination of the amount of degree, quality or condition of cells present in a sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CELLULAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cellularity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cellularity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cellularity Grade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cellularity Measurement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C60651":{"preferredName":"C-Reactive Protein","code":"C60651","definitions":[{"description":"An acute phase reactant used in the evaluation of systemic inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"C-reactive protein (224 aa, ~25 kDa) is encoded by the human CRP gene. This protein is cleaved during biological activation and is associated with host defense mechanisms and inflammatory responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C-Reactive Protein","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"C-Reactive Protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-Reactive Protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"C-Reactive Protein [Precursor]","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pentraxin 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentraxin 1, Short","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C64547":{"preferredName":"Creatinine Measurement","code":"C64547","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of the creatinine in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A quantitative measurement of the amount of creatinine present in a sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CREAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cr","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Creatinine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Creatinine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Creatinine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Creatinine Measurement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12532":{"preferredName":"Eosinophil","code":"C12532","definitions":[{"description":"A type of immune cell that has granules (small particles) with enzymes that are released during infections, allergic reactions, and asthma. 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fibrosis without detectable tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRG 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Regression Grade 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C140891":{"preferredName":"Tumor Regression Grade 2","code":"C140891","definitions":[{"description":"Presence of fibrosis with scattered tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRG 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Regression Grade 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C140892":{"preferredName":"Tumor Regression Grade 3","code":"C140892","definitions":[{"description":"Presence of fibrosis and tumor cells with a preponderance of fibrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRG 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Regression Grade 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156234":{"preferredName":"Complete Tumor Cell Necrosis","code":"C156234","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic finding indicating the presence of tumor cell necrosis involving the entire neoplastic cellular infiltrate in a tissue sample. Viable tumor cells are absent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Complete Tumor Cell Necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156235":{"preferredName":"Incomplete Tumor Cell Necrosis","code":"C156235","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic finding indicating the presence of focal or diffuse tumor cell necrosis involving part of the neoplastic cellular infiltrate in a tissue sample. Viable tumor cells are still present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Incomplete Tumor Cell Necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3677":{"preferredName":"Benign Neoplasm","code":"C3677","definitions":[{"description":"A general term used to describe autonomous growth of tissue where the originating cell type has not been characterized. The term benign indicates the absence of morphologic features associated with malignancy (for instance severe atypia, nuclear pleomorphism, tumor cell necrosis, and abnormal mitoses).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A growth that is not cancer. It does not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neoplasm which is characterized by the absence of morphologic features associated with malignancy (severe cytologic atypia, tumor cell necrosis, and high mitotic rate). Benign neoplasms remain confined to the original site of growth and do not metastasize to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Unclassifiable Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"NEOPLASM, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"benign tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C65157":{"preferredName":"Neoplasm, Uncertain Whether Benign or Malignant","code":"C65157","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm which, on morphologic grounds, can not be classified with certainty as benign or malignant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm, Uncertain Whether Benign or Malignant","termGroup":"HD","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8997":{"preferredName":"Blastoma","code":"C8997","definitions":[{"description":"A mass of rapidly growing cells that begins in embryonic (fetal) tissue. Embryomas may be benign or malignant, and include neuroblastomas and Wilms tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare embryonal neoplasm affecting children. It is associated with DICER1 gene mutation. This category includes pleuropulmonary blastoma and pituitary gland blastoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"embryoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C36255":{"preferredName":"Secondary Neoplasm","code":"C36255","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm that arises from a pre-existing lower grade lesion, or as a result of a primary lesion that has spread to secondary sites, or due to a complication of a cancer treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Secondary Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secondary Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"secondary tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3005":{"preferredName":"Tumor Embolism","code":"C3005","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor embolism involves sudden blockage of an artery by a clot or by other material from tumor fragments transported by the blood stream.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tumor Embolism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65153":{"preferredName":"Malignant Neoplasm, Uncertain Whether Primary or Metastatic","code":"C65153","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm in which the examined tissue can not be determined with certainty if it represents the primary site of tumor growth or tumor spread from another anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm, Uncertain Whether Primary or Metastatic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm, Uncertain Whether Primary or Metastatic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12922":{"preferredName":"Neoplastic Cell","code":"C12922","definitions":[{"description":"Cells of, or derived from, a tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplastic Cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12917":{"preferredName":"Malignant Cell","code":"C12917","definitions":[{"description":"Cells of, or derived from, a malignant tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65154":{"preferredName":"Malignant Tumor, Small Cell Type","code":"C65154","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of small atypical cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Tumor, Small Cell Type","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4090":{"preferredName":"Malignant Giant Cell Neoplasm","code":"C4090","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of bone comprised of giant cells (osteoclast-like) and mononuclear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by then presence of atypical giant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GIANT CELL TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27091":{"preferredName":"Malignant Spindle Cell Neoplasm","code":"C27091","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs and that contains long spindle-shaped cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of atypical spindle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Spindle Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Spindle Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Spindle Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"spindle cell cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C66752":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Neoplasm","code":"C66752","definitions":[{"description":"A purely morphologic term that describes a neoplasm in which all or the majority of the neoplastic cells have a clear cytoplasm, when examined under light microscopy, using the conventional staining method (H-E). This term does not provide any information about the nature of the neoplasm (benign or malignant), cell of origin (e.g. epithelial versus mesenchymal versus hematopoietic), or prognosis. Further examination using special stains and/or immunohistochemistry is required to appropriately classify this tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Tumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4092":{"preferredName":"Benign Epithelial Neoplasm","code":"C4092","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from epithelial cells of the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A neoplasm arising from the epithelial cells. It is characterized by the absence of morphologic features associated with malignancy (severe cytologic atypia, tumor cell necrosis, and high mitotic rate). Benign epithelial neoplasms remain confined to the original site of growth and only rarely metastasize to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Epithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Epithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Epithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Epithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Epithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Epithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Epithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Epithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Epithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPITHELIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C2917":{"preferredName":"Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C2917","definitions":[{"description":"A group of abnormal cells that remain in the place where they first formed. They have not spread. These abnormal cells may become cancer and spread into nearby normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm confined to the epithelial layer and without evidence of further tissue invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm which is confined to the epithelial layer without evidence of further tissue invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, IN SITU, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CIS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Tumor, In situ, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Non-invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"stage 0 disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2916":{"preferredName":"Carcinoma","code":"C2916","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from epithelial cells. Carcinomas that arise from glandular epithelium are called adenocarcinomas, those that arise from squamous epithelium are called squamous cell carcinomas, and those that arise from transitional epithelium are called transitional cell carcinomas. Morphologically, the malignant epithelial cells may display abnormal mitotic figures, anaplasia, and necrosis. Carcinomas are graded by the degree of cellular differentiation as well, moderately, or poorly differentiated. Carcinomas invade the surrounding tissues and tend to metastasize to other anatomic sites. Lung carcinoma, skin carcinoma, breast carcinoma, colon carcinoma, and prostate carcinoma are the most frequently seen carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Epithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioma Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"epithelial carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3482":{"preferredName":"Metastatic Carcinoma","code":"C3482","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that has spread from the original site of growth to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metastatic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3693":{"preferredName":"Carcinomatosis","code":"C3693","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which cancer is spread widely throughout the body, or, in some cases, to a relatively large region of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Carcinoma that has spread diffusely to an anatomic site or throughout the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carcinomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"carcinosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3780":{"preferredName":"Large Cell Carcinoma","code":"C3780","definitions":[{"description":"Lung cancer in which the cells are large and look abnormal when viewed under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of large, atypical cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma, Large Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Large Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"large cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6875":{"preferredName":"Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C6875","definitions":[{"description":"A usually aggressive carcinoma composed of large malignant cells which display neuroendocrine characteristics. It is characterized by the presence of high mitotic activity and necrotic changes. The vast majority of cases are positive for neuron-specific enolase. Representative examples include lung, breast, cervical, and thymic neuroendocrine carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LCNEC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell NEC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6876":{"preferredName":"Lung Large Cell Carcinoma with Rhabdoid Phenotype","code":"C6876","definitions":[{"description":"A large cell lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of rhabdoid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Large Cell Carcinoma with Rhabdoid Phenotype","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell Lung Carcinoma with Rhabdoid Phenotype","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Large Cell Carcinoma with Rhabdoid Phenotype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65159":{"preferredName":"Glassy Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65159","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of atypical cells with glassy cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glassy Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3692":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Carcinoma","code":"C3692","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm exhibiting poor differentiation (anaplasia).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A usually aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of atypical cells which do not display evidence of glandular, squamous, or transitional cell differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, UNDIFFERENTIATED, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, Undifferentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, Undifferentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4094":{"preferredName":"Pleomorphic Carcinoma","code":"C4094","definitions":[{"description":"A usually aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of cells with significant cytologic atypia and nuclear pleomorphism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleomorphic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65160":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell and Spindle Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65160","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of giant, pleomorphic cells and spindle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant Cell and Spindle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3779":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Carcinoma","code":"C3779","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of giant, pleomorphic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma, Giant Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27004":{"preferredName":"Sarcomatoid Carcinoma","code":"C27004","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs and that contains long spindle-shaped cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle cells and anaplastic morphologic features. Giant cells and a sarcomatous component may also be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, SPINDLE CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pseudosarcomatous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pseudosarcomatous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sarcomatoid carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C65161":{"preferredName":"Polygonal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65161","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of atypical polygonal cells with a large amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm. A representative example is the fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polygonal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65162":{"preferredName":"Tumorlet","code":"C65162","definitions":[{"description":"A tiny localized pulmonary nodule characterized by neuroendocrine cell proliferation. It is usually discovered as an incidental finding during routine histologic examination of tissue sections or during radiologic examination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Tumorlet","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumorlet","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3915":{"preferredName":"Small Cell Carcinoma","code":"C3915","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroendocrine carcinoma composed of small malignant cells which are often said to resemble \"oat cells\" under the microscope. Small cell carcinoma most often affects the lungs. Clinically, this is often a rapidly growing cancer that spreads to distant sites early.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oat Cell Cancer","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oat Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Small Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell NEC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oat cell cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C27092":{"preferredName":"Small Cell Carcinoma, Fusiform Cell Type","code":"C27092","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroendocrine carcinoma composed of malignant fusiform small cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Cell Cancer, Fusiform Cell Type","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Small Cell Carcinoma, Fusiform Cell Type","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4099":{"preferredName":"Small Cell Intermediate Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4099","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroendocrine carcinoma composed of malignant small cells of intermediate shape.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Cell Cancer, Intermediate Cell Type","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Small Cell Carcinoma, Intermediate Cell","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell Intermediate Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9137":{"preferredName":"Combined Lung Small Cell Carcinoma","code":"C9137","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of small cell lung carcinoma in combination with a non-small cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Combined Lung Small Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Small Cell Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Small Cell Lung Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Combined Small Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Small Cell and Large Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Small and Large Cell Lung Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Small and Large Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Type Small Cell Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Type Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Type Small Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Small Cell and Large Cell Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Small Cell and Large Cell Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Small Cell and Large Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell and Large Cell Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell and Large Cell Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell and Large Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65151":{"preferredName":"Non-Small Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65151","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the absence of neoplastic small epithelial cells. A representative example is the lung non-small cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Small Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Small Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Non-Small Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7440":{"preferredName":"Papilloma","code":"C7440","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm that projects above the surrounding epithelial surface.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm that projects above the surrounding epithelial surface and consists of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PAPILLOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65163":{"preferredName":"Papillary Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C65163","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm with a papillary growth pattern in which the malignant cells are confined to the epithelium, without evidence of invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2927":{"preferredName":"Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C2927","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern. A papillary carcinoma may be composed of glandular cells (papillary adenocarcinoma), squamous cells (papillary squamous cell carcinoma), or transitional cells (papillary transitional cell carcinoma). Bladder carcinoma is a representative example of papillary transitional cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4101":{"preferredName":"Verrucous Papilloma","code":"C4101","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern, lack of significant cytologic atypia, and a wart-like appearance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Verrucous Papilloma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3781":{"preferredName":"Verrucous Carcinoma","code":"C3781","definitions":[{"description":"A well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth pattern, acanthosis, mild cytologic atypia, and pushing tumor margins. The most commonly affected anatomic sites are the oral cavity, nasal cavity, larynx, esophagus, anus, vagina, vulva, and the plantar region of the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Verrucous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verrucous Epidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verrucous Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verrucous Squamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verrucous Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3712":{"preferredName":"Squamous Papilloma","code":"C3712","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern and a proliferation of neoplastic squamous cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern and a proliferation of neoplastic squamous cells without morphologic evidence of malignancy. Most frequently it arises in the oral cavity, nasopharynx, larynx, esophagus, vagina, and vulva.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Keratotic Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Keratotic Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAPILLOMA, SQUAMOUS CELL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65164":{"preferredName":"Non-Invasive Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65164","definitions":[{"description":"A well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary, exophytic growth pattern, hyperkeratosis, and absence of invasion of adjacent tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Invasive Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4102":{"preferredName":"Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4102","definitions":[{"description":"A well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary, exophytic growth pattern and hyperkeratosis. The most commonly affected anatomic sites are the larynx, penis, cervix, vagina, and vulva.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Epidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Squamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65165":{"preferredName":"Inverted Squamous Cell Papilloma","code":"C65165","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by an endophytic growth, papillary pattern, and proliferation of neoplastic squamous cells without morphologic evidence of malignancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inverted Squamous Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9009":{"preferredName":"Squamous Papillomatosis","code":"C9009","definitions":[{"description":"A benign squamous neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern, diffusely involving a specific anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Squamous Papillomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3713":{"preferredName":"Papillomatosis","code":"C3713","definitions":[{"description":"Glandular or squamous cell neoplastic proliferations characterized by the formation of multiple papillary structures diffusely involving a specific anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27093":{"preferredName":"Stage 0 Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27093","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm confined to the squamous epithelium, without invasion of underlying tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm confined to the squamous epithelium, without invasion of the underlying tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, SQUAMOUS CELL, IN SITU, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Carcinoma In situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma In situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3 SIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III SIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade III Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Carcinoma In situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma In situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma in-situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2929":{"preferredName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C2929","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from squamous epithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that begins in squamous cells, which are thin, flat cells that look like fish scales. Squamous cells are found in the tissue that forms the surface of the skin, the lining of the hollow organs of the body, and the passages of the respiratory and digestive tracts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from squamous epithelial cells. Morphologically, it is characterized by the proliferation of atypical, often pleomorphic squamous cells. Squamous cell carcinomas are graded by the degree of cellular differentiation as well, moderately, or poorly differentiated. Well differentiated carcinomas are usually associated with keratin production and the presence of intercellular bridges between adjacent cells. Representative examples are lung squamous cell carcinoma, skin squamous cell carcinoma, and cervical squamous cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, SQUAMOUS CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epidermoid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epidermoid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epidermoid Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epidermoid Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Squamous Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Squamous Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Squamous Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Squamous Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"epidermoid carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"squamous cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4104":{"preferredName":"Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4104","definitions":[{"description":"A squamous cell carcinoma which has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4105":{"preferredName":"Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4105","definitions":[{"description":"Squamous cell carcinomas with morphologically prominent production of keratin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65173":{"preferredName":"Non-Keratinizing Large Cell Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65173","definitions":[{"description":"A squamous cell carcinoma composed of large atypical cells, without morphologic evidence of keratin production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Keratinizing Large Cell Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65175":{"preferredName":"Non-Keratinizing Small Cell Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65175","definitions":[{"description":"A squamous cell carcinoma composed of small atypical cells, without morphologic evidence of keratin production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Keratinizing Small Cell Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27084":{"preferredName":"Sarcomatoid Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27084","definitions":[{"description":"A poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with spindle cell features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epidermoid Spindle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell (Sarcomatoid) Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Sarcomatoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Spindle Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Spindle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4106":{"preferredName":"Pseudoglandular Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4106","definitions":[{"description":"A squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the formation of gland-like structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoid Squamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoid Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pseudoglandular Epidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pseudoglandular Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pseudoglandular Squamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pseudoglandular Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65176":{"preferredName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Situ with Questionable Stromal Invasion","code":"C65176","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm involving all the layers of the squamous epithelium, but it is not certain if it is confined to the squamous epithelium or it has invaded the basement membrane and the underlying stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Situ with Questionable Stromal Invasion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65178":{"preferredName":"Microinvasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65178","definitions":[{"description":"A squamous cell carcinoma with minimal stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Microinvasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8335":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C8335","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which the cells of the uterine cervix are slightly abnormal. Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion is not cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A precancerous neoplastic process characterized by the presence of mild dysplastic cytological changes which are usually present in the lower part of the squamous epithelium. Representative examples include the low grade esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, low grade cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, low grade vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia, and low grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade 1 Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade I Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LSIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LSIL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Low Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4630":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C4630","definitions":[{"description":"Squamous or glandular cervical intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of mild dysplastic changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Low Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Cervix Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Cervix Uteri Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia of Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia of Cervix Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia of Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia of the Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia of the Cervix Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia of the Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Uterine Cervix Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27427":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Esophageal Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C27427","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion in which the architectural and cytologic abnormalities are confined to the lower half of the esophageal squamous epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Low Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Esophageal Squamous Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Esophageal Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7351":{"preferredName":"Grade II Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C7351","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade 2 Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8336":{"preferredName":"High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C8336","definitions":[{"description":"Cells of the uterine cervix that are moderately or severely abnormal and may become cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A precancerous neoplastic process characterized by the presence of moderate or severe dysplastic cytological changes which extend to the upper part of the squamous epithelium. Maturation at the surface of the squamous epithelium may or may not be present. Representative examples include the high grade esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, high grade cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, high grade vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia, and high grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HSIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HSIL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7794":{"preferredName":"Stage 0 Anal Canal Cancer AJCC v6 and v7","code":"C7794","definitions":[{"description":"Abnormal cells are found in the innermost lining of the anus. These abnormal cells may become cancer and spread into nearby normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Canal Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Anal Canal Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Anal Canal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Anal Canal Cancer AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Anal Canal Cancer AJCC v6 and v7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Anal Canal Cancer AJCC v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Anal Canal Carcinoma AJCC v6 and v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Anal Carcinoma AJCC v6 and v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"stage 0 anal carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4000":{"preferredName":"Stage 0 Cervical Cancer AJCC v6","code":"C4000","definitions":[{"description":"Stage 0 includes: (Tis, N0, M0). Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.) - 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CIN 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CIN Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of Cervix AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of Cervix Uteri AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of Uterine Cervix AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of the Cervix AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of the Cervix Uteri AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of the Uterine Cervix AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma in situ AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Severe Dysplasia AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical cancer stage 0 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Carcinoma in situ AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Severe Dysplasia AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Uteri Carcinoma in situ AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Uteri Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Uteri Severe Dysplasia AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Carcinoma of Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Carcinoma of Cervix Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Carcinoma of Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Carcinoma of the Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Carcinoma of the Cervix Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Cervical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Cervix Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Cervix Uteri Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Uterine Cervix Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Neoplasia of Cervix Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Neoplasia of Cervix Uteri Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Neoplasia of Uterine Cervix Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Neoplasia of the Cervix Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Neoplasia of the Cervix Uteri Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Neoplasia of the Uterine Cervix Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Severe Cervical Dysplasia AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Severe Dysplasia of Cervix AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Severe Dysplasia of Cervix Uteri AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Severe Dysplasia of Uterine Cervix AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Severe Dysplasia of the Cervix AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Severe Dysplasia of the Cervix Uteri AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Severe Dysplasia of the Uterine Cervix AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Cervical Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Cervical Cancer AJCC v6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Cervix Carcinoma in situ AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Cervix Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Cervix Severe Dysplasia AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7855":{"preferredName":"Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer AJCC v6","code":"C7855","definitions":[{"description":"Stage 0 includes: (Tis, N0, M0). Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AJCC Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of Vagina AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of the Vagina AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Carcinoma of Vagina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Carcinoma of the Vagina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Vagina Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Vaginal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Neoplasia of Vagina Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Neoplasia of the Vagina Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer AJCC v6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAIN 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAIN Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAIN III AJCC v6","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vagina Carcinoma in situ AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal Cancer Stage 0 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal Carcinoma in situ AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4522":{"preferredName":"Stage 0 Vulvar Cancer AJCC v6","code":"C4522","definitions":[{"description":"Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ (preinvasive carcinoma. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.) - 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AJCC Stage 0 Vulvar Cancer v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of Vulva AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of the Vulva AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Carcinoma of Vulva AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Carcinoma of the Vulva AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Vulva Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Vulvar Carcinoma AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vulval Cancer AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vulval Carcinoma AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vulvar Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vulvar Cancer AJCC v6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vulvar Carcinoma AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulva Carcinoma in situ AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Cancer Stage 0 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Carcinoma in situ AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65179":{"preferredName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Horn Formation","code":"C65179","definitions":[{"description":"A keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of horn pearls. Representative examples include squamous cell carcinomas of the face presenting as a cutaneous horn.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Horn Formation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27790":{"preferredName":"Penile Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C27790","definitions":[{"description":"Abnormal cells are found on the surface of the skin of the penis. These abnormal cells may become cancer and spread into nearby normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. cN0: No palpable or visibly enlarged inguinal lymph nodes. pN0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bowen Disease of the Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bowen's Disease of Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bowen's Disease of the Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of the Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erythroplasia of Queyrat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Penile Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion of Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion of the Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Penile Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Penile Carcinoma In Situ AJCC v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Queyrat Erythroplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Queyrat's Erythroplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"stage 0 penile carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C62571":{"preferredName":"Bowen Disease of the Skin","code":"C62571","definitions":[{"description":"A skin disease marked by scaly or thickened patches on the skin and often caused by prolonged exposure to arsenic. The patches often occur on sun-exposed areas of the skin and in older white men. These patches may become malignant (cancer).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A form of squamous cell carcinoma in situ. It is a distinct clinicopathological entity and arises from the skin or the mucocutaneous junction. It affects predominantly white males in their 6-8th decades of life. Exposed and non-exposed skin sites are equally affected. UV damage and ingestion of inorganic arsenic may play a role in the development of the disease. On the skin surface, it presents as a single or multiple erythematous, scaly, keratotic patches or plaques. The clinical entity of erythroplasia of Queyrat is regarded as Bowen disease of the penis and it presents as an asymptomatic, red, circumscribed plaque. Morphologically, Bowen disease is characterized by the presence of hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, dyskeratosis, and acanthosis. The keratotic squamous cells are atypical and display hyperchromatism and abnormal mitotic figures. The dermoepidermal basement membrane is intact. Complete surgical removal of the lesion may be curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bowen Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bowen Disease of the Skin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bowen Disease of the Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bowen disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Bowen's Disease of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepidermal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Bowen Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4107":{"preferredName":"Nasopharyngeal Type Undifferentiated Carcinoma","code":"C4107","definitions":[{"description":"A nonkeratinizing carcinoma which occurs predominantly in the nasopharynx but also in the tonsils and rarely in other anatomic sites. It is characterized by the presence of large malignant cells with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, syncytial growth pattern, and a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasopharyngeal Type Undifferentiated Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schmincke Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C54244":{"preferredName":"Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C54244","definitions":[{"description":"A squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, scant amount of cytoplasm, and peripheral nuclear palisading.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65180":{"preferredName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Clear Cell Type","code":"C65180","definitions":[{"description":"A squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with clear cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Clear Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Clear Cell Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9359":{"preferredName":"Skin Pigmented Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C9359","definitions":[{"description":"A basal cell carcinoma that contains large amounts of melanin. The melanin is produced by symbiotic nontumoral proliferating melanocytes. - 2002.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pigmented Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Pigmented Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4108":{"preferredName":"Superficial Multifocal Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4108","definitions":[{"description":"A superficial basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of lobules of basaloid cells which are separated by large distances and represent multifocal discrete tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multicentric Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Multifocal Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27539":{"preferredName":"Skin Infiltrating Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27539","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of basal cell carcinoma presenting as a pale, indurated plaque, usually in the upper trunk or face. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of strands, cords, and columns of basaloid cells infiltrating the dermis. Perineural invasion may be present and the basaloid cell infiltrate may extend into deeper tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Infiltrating Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27182":{"preferredName":"Skin Morphea-Type (Sclerosing) Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27182","definitions":[{"description":"A histologic variant of basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of strands and nests of malignant cells that are embedded in a dense fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basal Cell Carcinoma Sclerosing Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Morphea-Type (Sclerosing) Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Morphea-Type Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Morpheaform Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Type Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Morphea-Type (Sclerosing) Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Morphea-Type (Sclerosing) Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4109":{"preferredName":"Skin Fibroepithelial Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4109","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of basal cell carcinoma presenting as an elevated or erythematous nodular lesion usually in the back. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of cords of basaloid cells extending from the epidermis into the dermis, creating a fenestrating pattern. It follows an indolent course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroepithelial Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroepithelioma of Pinkus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pinkus Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Fibroepithelial Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2922":{"preferredName":"Skin Basosquamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C2922","definitions":[{"description":"A basal cell carcinoma (skin neoplasm) which displays squamous differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A basal cell carcinoma which displays squamous differentiation. The neoplastic cells have more abundant cytoplasm with more marked keratinization than typical basal cell carcinomas. It usually has a more aggressive clinical course compared to typical basal cell carcinoma, and it may produce regional or widespread metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BASOSQUAMOUS TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Basosquamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Basosquamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basosquamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Basosquamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Basosquamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Mixed Basal and Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skin Mixed Basal and Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66903":{"preferredName":"Skin Metatypical Carcinoma","code":"C66903","definitions":[{"description":"A skin carcinoma displaying cytological characteristics intermediate to nodular basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Metatypical Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Metatypical Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4110":{"preferredName":"Intraepidermal Epithelioma of Jadassohn","code":"C4110","definitions":[{"description":"A rare cutaneous lesion presenting as a scaly verrucous plaque. Morphologically, the plaque contains nests of basaloid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borst-Jadassohn Intraepidermal Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepidermal Epithelioma of Jadassohn","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C62282":{"preferredName":"Skin Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C62282","definitions":[{"description":"A basal cell carcinoma of the skin that often appears as elevated nodules which may become ulcerated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27541":{"preferredName":"Skin Micronodular Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27541","definitions":[{"description":"A basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of small nodules that permeate the dermis. It presents as an elevated or flat infiltrating tumor, usually in the back.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Micronodular Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Micronodular Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27535":{"preferredName":"Skin Adenoid Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27535","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of basal cell carcinoma morphologically characterized by the presence of thin strands of basaloid cells forming a reticulate pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoid Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Adenoid Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27132":{"preferredName":"Trichoblastoma","code":"C27132","definitions":[{"description":"A benign hair follicle neoplasm with trichoblastic differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign hair follicle neoplasm with trichoblastic differentiation. It usually presents as a solitary papular lesion It most often presents on the head and neck area, but it may develop in any anatomic site containing hair follicles. Because of its benign nature, treatment usually is not required, provided that the diagnosis has been established with certainty.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brooke's Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brooke's Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRICHOEPITHELIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trichoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trichoepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trichoepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trichogenic Adnexal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trichogenic Adnexal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trichogenic Trichoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trichogenic Trichoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4112":{"preferredName":"Trichofolliculoma","code":"C4112","definitions":[{"description":"A skin appendage hamartoma with follicular differentiation. It usually occurs in the head and neck region, particularly the face. It presents as a solitary dome-shaped small lesion. The clinical course is benign.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trichofolliculoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4113":{"preferredName":"Trichilemmoma","code":"C4113","definitions":[{"description":"A benign hair follicle neoplasm in the outer hair sheath and infundibulum, characterized by central cells showing highly eosinophilic amorphous keratin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from the outer hair sheath and infundibulum. It occurs in the head and neck, usually on the face. It usually presents as an exophytic wart-like lesion or a dome-shaped lesion with smooth surface. Multiple facial lesions are usually associated with Cowden disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRICHOLEMMOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trichilemmoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tricholemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C43326":{"preferredName":"Trichilemmocarcinoma","code":"C43326","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant tumor arising from the outer hair sheath and infundibulum on the face. It is considered the malignant counterpart of tricholemmoma. Complete surgical excision is required.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trichilemmal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trichilemmocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27125":{"preferredName":"Proliferating Pilar Tumor","code":"C27125","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm with tricholemmal differentiation. It affects women more frequently than men. It usually presents on the scalp as a solitary, multilobular, large, exophytic mass. Morphologically, it may display benign cytological features and appear as a circumscribed solid-cystic neoplasm or it may display malignant characteristics and invasive features. Cases without malignant characteristics usually have an indolent course. Complete surgical excision is recommended in such cases to avoid recurrences and to allow complete examination of the specimen. Cases with malignant characteristics may have a locally aggressive clinical course, recur, or metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pilar Cyst","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilar Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Pilar Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Trichilemmal Cyst","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Tricholemmal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7368":{"preferredName":"Pilomatricoma","code":"C7368","definitions":[{"description":"A benign hair follicle neoplasm in the outer hair sheath and infundibulum, characterized by abrupt keratinization and central lumen with ghost cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign adnexal neoplasm arising from hair-bearing skin surfaces, usually the head and neck and upper extremities. It usually presents as a solitary, slow-growing nodular mass. Morphologically, it displays differentiation towards the matrix and inner sheath of the normal hair follicle and the hair cortex. Complete surgical excision is usually curative. Occasionally, it may recur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Hair Follicle Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Pilomatricoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Pilomatricoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Pilomatrixoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Pilomatrixoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Epithelioma of Malherbe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Epitherlioma of Malherbe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PILOMATRIXOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pilomatricoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilomatrixoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pilomatrixoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4114":{"preferredName":"Pilomatrical Carcinoma","code":"C4114","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare, locally aggressive, malignant neoplasm of the hair follicle. The majority of the cases arise de novo, however malignant transformation from a pre-existing pilomatricoma has been reported. It usually presents as a solitary nodule in the head and neck, upper extremities, or buttocks. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of aggregates of basaloid cells infiltrating the dermis. Masses of ghost cells are present in the cellular aggregates. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. If it is not completely removed, it usually recurs, but it rarely metastasizes to distant anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Invasive Pilomatrixoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Matrical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilomatrical Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilomatrix Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilomatrix Carcinoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilomatrix Carcinoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilomatrix Skin Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4115":{"preferredName":"Transitional Cell Papilloma","code":"C4115","definitions":[{"description":"A benign papillary neoplasm composed of transitional cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign papillary neoplasm composed of transitional cells which show preservation of the nuclear polarity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PAPILLOMA, TRANSITIONAL CELL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Transitional Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3842":{"preferredName":"Urothelial Papilloma","code":"C3842","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign condition, characterized by a papillary growth in the urinary tract with a central fibrovascular core. The latter is lined by normal urothelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Urothelial Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4116":{"preferredName":"Stage 0 Transitional Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4116","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion in which the surface epithelium of the bladder or the renal pelvis and ureter contains transitional cells which display malignant cytologic characteristics. There is no evidence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 0 Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2930":{"preferredName":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma","code":"C2930","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from transitional epithelium, usually affecting the urinary bladder, ureter, or renal pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from transitional epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in transitional cells in the lining of the bladder, ureter, or renal pelvis (the part of the kidney that collects, holds, and drains urine). Transitional cells are cells that can change shape and stretch without breaking apart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the transitional epithelium, usually affecting the urinary bladder, ureter, or renal pelvis. It may or may not have a papillary configuration. It is graded 1 to 3 or 4 according to the degree of cellular differentiation and architectural patterns. Grade 1 transitional cell carcinoma is histologically benign but it may recur. Transitional cell carcinomas may also affect the upper respiratory tract and the ovaries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, UROTHELIAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Transitional Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"transitional cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4030":{"preferredName":"Urothelial Carcinoma","code":"C4030","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm derived from the transitional epithelium of the urinary tract (urinary bladder, ureter, urethra, or renal pelvis). It is frequently papillary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Urinary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional cell car. -uroth.","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelial tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Uroepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urothelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urothelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4117":{"preferredName":"Schneiderian Papilloma","code":"C4117","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. It is classified as inverted papilloma, oncocytic papilloma, and exophytic papilloma. Clinical manifestations include nasal obstruction, epistaxis, and anosmia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Schneiderian Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4118":{"preferredName":"Inverted Transitional Cell Papilloma","code":"C4118","definitions":[{"description":"A benign papillary neoplasm composed of transitional cells and characterized by an endophytic growth pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inverted Transitional Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inverted Transitional Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54345":{"preferredName":"Oncocytic Schneiderian Papilloma","code":"C54345","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm with exophytic and endophytic growth arising from the lateral nasal wall or the paranasal sinuses. It is characterized by the proliferation of columnar cells with oncocytic features. Microcysts containing mucin and neutrophils are present in the epithelium. Clinical manifestations include nasal obstruction and epistaxis. Occasionally, it is associated with the development or presence of a carcinoma, usually squamous cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oncocytic Schneiderian Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6871":{"preferredName":"Inverted Schneiderian Papilloma","code":"C6871","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. It results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma. Clinical manifestations include nasal obstruction, epistaxis, and anosmia. It has the tendency to recur and extend to adjacent structures. Inverted papillomas are occasionally associated with the development or presence of carcinomas, usually squamous cell carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inverted Schneiderian Papilloma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inverted Schneiderian Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54287":{"preferredName":"Non-Keratinizing Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C54287","definitions":[{"description":"A squamous cell carcinoma of the sinonasal tract characterized by a plexiform or ribbon-like growth pattern, cytological atypia, and lack of histological evidence of keratinization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Keratinizing Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ringertz Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schneiderian Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinonasal Cylindrical Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinonasal Schneiderian Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinonasal Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4120":{"preferredName":"Sarcomatoid Transitional Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4120","definitions":[{"description":"A poorly differentiated transitional cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with spindle cell morphologic features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Spindle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Spindle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4121":{"preferredName":"Basaloid Carcinoma","code":"C4121","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, small amount of cytoplasm, and peripheral nuclear palisading.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basaloid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basaloid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Basaloid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8255":{"preferredName":"Anal Canal Cloacogenic Carcinoma","code":"C8255","definitions":[{"description":"An anal carcinoma arising from the transitional zone of the anal canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Canal Cloacogenic Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anal Canal Cloacogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Cloacogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cloacogenic Anal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cloacogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cloacogenic Carcinoma of Anus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cloacogenic Carcinoma of the Anus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27884":{"preferredName":"Bladder Papillary Urothelial Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","code":"C27884","definitions":[{"description":"A papillary neoplasm of the urinary bladder in which the transitional cells form papillae. The papillary structures exhibit minimal architectural distortion and minimal atypia. Mitoses are infrequent. Patients are at an increased risk of developing new papillary lesions. Occasionally, the new lesions are urothelial carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bladder PUNLMP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Papillary Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Papillary Transitional Cell Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Papillary Urothelial Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65181":{"preferredName":"Non-Invasive Papillary Transitional Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65181","definitions":[{"description":"A transitional cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth pattern and lack of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Invasive Papillary Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4122":{"preferredName":"Papillary Transitional Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4122","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive or invasive transitional cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth pattern. It may occur in the bladder or the renal pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Transitional Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65182":{"preferredName":"Micropapillary Transitional Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65182","definitions":[{"description":"A transitional cell carcinoma characterized by a micropapillary growth pattern. Typical example is the micropapillary variant of infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Micropapillary Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2855":{"preferredName":"Adenoma","code":"C2855","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tumor that is not cancer. It starts in gland-like cells of the epithelial tissue (thin layer of tissue that covers organs, glands, and other structures within the body).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neoplasm arising from the epithelium. It may be encapsulated or non-encapsulated but non-invasive. The neoplastic epithelial cells may or may not display cellular atypia or dysplasia. In the gastrointestinal tract, when dysplasia becomes severe it is sometimes called carcinoma in situ. Representative examples are pituitary gland adenoma, follicular adenoma of the thyroid gland, and adenomas (or adenomatous polyps) of the gastrointestinal tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7559":{"preferredName":"Atypical Adenoma","code":"C7559","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma characterized by increased cellularity and nuclear atypia without evidence of vascular or capsular invasion. A representative example is thyroid gland atypical follicular adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3494":{"preferredName":"Lung Papillary Adenoma","code":"C3494","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasia of the lung, arising from bronchial epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the bronchi (large air passages in the lungs including those that lead to the lungs from the windpipe).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign lung neoplasm characterized by the presence of a fibrovascular stroma lined by cuboidal to columnar cells. Patients are usually asymptomatic and it is incidentally discovered as a pulmonary nodule during chest X-ray examination. Surgical excision is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, BRONCHIAL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Bronchus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Bronchus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchial Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Papillary Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Adenoma of Type II Pneumocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Papillary Tumor of Type II Pneumocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type II Pneumocyte Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bronchial adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4123":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ","code":"C4123","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion in which the normally situated glands are partially or completely replaced by atypical cells with malignant characteristics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4124":{"preferredName":"Metastatic Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4124","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma which has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metastatic Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2928":{"preferredName":"Scirrhous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C2928","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm originating from glandular cells with a fibrous or fibroblastic component.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An infiltrating adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of desmoplastic stromal reaction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma With Productive Fibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Productive Fibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIBROADENOCARCINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibrocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Scirrhous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scirrhous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C3190":{"preferredName":"Linitis Plastica","code":"C3190","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer-related condition in which the gastric wall becomes thickened and rubbery (leather-bottle stomach). It is most often associated with diffuse gastric adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Linitis Plastica","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4125":{"preferredName":"Superficial Spreading Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4125","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma which has spread within the mucosa without further invasion of the underlying tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4126":{"preferredName":"Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4126","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma arising from epithelium which has undergone intestinal metaplasia. Representative examples include gastric, gallbladder, and ampulla of Vater intestinal type adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intestinal Type Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4127":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Type Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4127","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a diffuse cellular infiltrate which is composed of poorly cohesive cells with minimal or no glandular formations. Representative example is the gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Type Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Type Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3686":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Monomorphic Adenoma","code":"C3686","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the salivary glands. It is characterized by the presence of a monomorphic cellular infiltrate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Salivary Gland Monomorphic Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C5950":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Basal Cell Adenoma","code":"C5950","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm with a uniform, monomorphic appearance that is dominated by basal cells forming trabecular structures. It is rare, and occurs mostly on the parotid gland. The average age of patients has been reported to be 58 years. Swelling is the most constant clinical finding.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basal Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Adenoma of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Adenoma of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Basal Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3678":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma","code":"C3678","definitions":[{"description":"A rare adenocarcinoma of the major and minor salivary glands, originating from basaloid, myoepithelial and ductal cells. While morphologically resembling basal cell carcinomas, it is a distinct entity. The tumor is not encapsulated, may invade locally, and less frequently may metastasize. It usually occurs in older patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7661":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C7661","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade 1 Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade I Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27428":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Esophageal Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C27428","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion in which the architectural and cytologic abnormalities are confined to the lower half of the esophageal glandular epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Low Grade Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Esophageal Glandular Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Esophageal Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7660":{"preferredName":"Grade II Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C7660","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade 2 Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moderate Glandular Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7662":{"preferredName":"High Grade Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C7662","definitions":[{"description":"This lesion shows moderate or marked architectural distortion with glandular crowding and prominent cellular atypia. It includes moderate dysplasia and severe dysplasia. (WHO, 2000) -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"High Grade Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27429":{"preferredName":"High Grade Esophageal Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C27429","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion in which the architectural and cytologic abnormalities involve both the lower and the upper half of the esophageal glandular epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal High-Grade Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Esophageal Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Esophageal Glandular Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Esophageal Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3642":{"preferredName":"Grade III Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C3642","definitions":[{"description":"High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of severe architectural and cytologic abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in situ of Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in situ of the Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3 PIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III PIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Adenocarcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C67493":{"preferredName":"Biliary Intraepithelial Neoplasia-3","code":"C67493","definitions":[{"description":"Biliary intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of severe epithelial atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BilIN-3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary Intraepithelial Neoplasia-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Biliary Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27425":{"preferredName":"Esophageal High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C27425","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion in which the architectural and cytologic abnormalities involve both the lower and the upper half of the esophageal mucosa. It includes lesions termed moderate dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ (severe dysplasia). (WHO, 2000) -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal High-Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal High-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6877":{"preferredName":"Grade III Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C6877","definitions":[{"description":"A high grade intraepithelial neoplasia in which there is marked architectural distortion and crowding of the glands, associated with severe cellular atypia. The neoplastic cells display pleomorphic and hyperchromatic nuclei.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade III Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65184":{"preferredName":"Islet Cell Adenoma","code":"C65184","definitions":[{"description":"A benign endocrine neoplasm arising from the pancreas. It is separated from the normal pancreatic tissues by a thin collagenous capsule. It may secrete a hormone (e.g. insulin, gastrin) or it may be non-functional.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Islet Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27031":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","code":"C27031","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the pancreas. It includes neuroendocrine tumors (low and intermediate grade) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (high grade).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Endocrine Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3770":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C3770","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant endocrine neoplasm arising from islets of Langerhans of the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer arising from cells in the islets of Langerhans, which are found in the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the pancreas. The mitotic count is more than 20 per 10 HPF. According to the size of the malignant cells, the prominence of the nucleoli, and the amount of cytoplasm, it is classified either as small or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, ISLET CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"High Grade Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Islet Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Islet Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Islet Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Islet Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Pancreatic Endocrine Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PanNEC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Endocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic NEC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic NEC G3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Pancreatic Endocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"islet cell cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pancreatic endocrine cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C95598":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Insulinoma","code":"C95598","definitions":[{"description":"A usually benign tumor of insulin secreting pancreatic beta cells, associated with hypoglycemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An abnormal mass that grows in the beta cells of the pancreas that make insulin. Beta cell neoplasms are usually benign (not cancer). They secrete insulin and are the most common cause of low blood sugar caused by having too much insulin in the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An insulin-producing neuroendocrine tumor arising from the beta cells of the pancreas. Patients exhibit symptoms related to hypoglycemia due to inappropriate secretion of insulin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Insulinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Insulinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Insulinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Insulinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"insulinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C67457":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Beta Cell Adenoma","code":"C67457","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma arising from the beta cells of the pancreas. It produces insulin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Beta Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Beta Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Beta Islet Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65186":{"preferredName":"Malignant Pancreatic Insulinoma","code":"C65186","definitions":[{"description":"An insulin-producing neuroendocrine tumor arising from the beta cells of the pancreas. Patients exhibit symptoms related to hypoglycemia due to inappropriate secretion of insulin. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Insulinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Pancreatic Insulinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Pancreatic Insulinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Beta Islet Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Insulin Producing Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66925":{"preferredName":"Enteroglucagonoma","code":"C66925","definitions":[{"description":"An endocrine neoplasm producing glucagon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enteroglucagonoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65187":{"preferredName":"Malignant Pancreatic Glucagonoma","code":"C65187","definitions":[{"description":"A glucagon-producing neuroendocrine tumor arising from the alpha cells of the pancreas. It may be associated with necrolytic erythema migrans, diarrhea, diabetes, glossitis, weight loss, malabsorption, and anemia. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Glucagonoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Pancreatic Glucagonoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Pancreatic Glucagonoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Alpha Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65191":{"preferredName":"Malignant Enteroglucagonoma","code":"C65191","definitions":[{"description":"A glucagon-producing malignant endocrine neoplasm. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Enteroglucagonoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3050":{"preferredName":"Gastrin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","code":"C3050","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor that causes overproduction of gastric acid. It usually begins in the duodenum (first part of the small intestine that connects to the stomach) or the islet cells of the pancreas. Rarely, it may also begin in other organs, including the stomach, liver, jejunum (the middle part of the small intestine), biliary tract (organs and ducts that make and store bile), mesentery, or heart. It is a type of neuroendocrine tumor, and it may metastasize (spread) to the liver and the lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumor. It is usually located in the pancreas but it is also found at other anatomic sites, including the stomach and small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"G Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-Cell Gastrin Producing Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrin Secreting Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrin-Producing NET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gastrin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gastrinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C65188":{"preferredName":"Malignant Gastrinoma","code":"C65188","definitions":[{"description":"A gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumor. It is characterized by inappropriate secretion of gastrin and associated with Zollinger Ellison syndrome. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Gastrinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Gastrinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6879":{"preferredName":"Mixed Ductal-Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Pancreas","code":"C6879","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from the pancreas showing a mixture of ductal and neuroendocrine malignant cells in both the primary tumor and in the metastatic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Ductal-Endocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Ductal-Endocrine Carcinoma of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Ductal-Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Ductal-Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26749":{"preferredName":"VIP-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","code":"C26749","definitions":[{"description":"An often clinically aggressive neuroendocrine tumor located in the pancreas or small intestine. It is composed of cells containing vasoactive intestinal peptide. It may cause intractable diarrhea and metabolic disturbances.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VIP Producing Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VIP- Secreting Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VIP- Secreting Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VIP-Producing NET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VIP-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VIPoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Producing Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Producing Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Secreting Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65189":{"preferredName":"Malignant Vipoma","code":"C65189","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive neuroendocrine tumor located in the pancreas or small intestine. It is composed of cells containing vasoactive intestinal peptide. It is associated with watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and hypochlorhydria or achlorhydria. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Vipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3379":{"preferredName":"Somatostatin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","code":"C3379","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, usually malignant neuroendocrine tumor arizing from delta cells. This neoplasm produces large amounts of somatostatin, which may result in a syndrome characterized by diarrhea, steatorrhea, weight loss, and gastric hyposecretion. Sixty percent are found in the pancreas and 40% in the duodenum or jejunum. The peak incidence occurs between 40 and 60 years of age; women are affected more than men by 2:1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Delta Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatostatin Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatostatin Producing Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatostatin-Producing NET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatostatin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Somatostatin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatostatin-Producing Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatostatinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Delta Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Delta Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65190":{"preferredName":"Malignant Somatostatinoma","code":"C65190","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neuroendocrine tumor arising from delta cells which produce somatostatin. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Delta Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Somatostatinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Somatostatinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2942":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Adenoma","code":"C2942","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from/comprising cells resembling those of bile ducts.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, well-demarcated polypoid neoplasm arising from the bile duct epithelium. According to the growth pattern, it is classified as tubular, papillary, or tubulopapillary. Adenomas arising from the extrahepatic bile ducts usually produce symptoms related to biliary obstruction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoma of Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHOLANGIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cholangioadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cholangioadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cholangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatocholangiocellular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatocholangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C4436":{"preferredName":"Cholangiocarcinoma","code":"C4436","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from/comprising cells resembling those of bile ducts.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare type of cancer that develops in cells that line the bile ducts in the liver. Cancer that forms where the right and left ducts meet is called Klatskin tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from the intrahepatic biliary tree (intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma) or from the junction, or adjacent to the junction, of the right and left hepatic ducts (hilar cholangiocarcinoma). Grossly, the malignant lesions are solid, nodular, and grayish. Morphologically, the vast majority of cases are adenocarcinomas. Signs and symptoms include malaise, weight loss, right upper quadrant abdominal pain, and night sweats. Early detection is difficult and the prognosis is generally poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cholangiocar.- intra/extrahepatic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholangiocarcinoma, intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts (adenocarcinoma)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cholangiocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholangiocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer (Cholangiocarcinoma)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cholangiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C27813":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Adenocarcinoma","code":"C27813","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma that arises from the intrahepatic bile ducts, the hepatic ducts, or the extrahepatic bile ducts. Adenocarcinomas that arise from the intrahepatic bile ducts or the hepatic ducts are called cholangiocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Duct Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4129":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm","code":"C4129","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial, usually multiloculated neoplasm arising from the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts. It occurs predominantly in females. Signs and symptoms include abdominal mass, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Morphologically, the cystic spaces are lined by columnar epithelium and contain mucinous or serous fluid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Duct Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystadenoma of Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystadenoma of the Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4130":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm with an Associated Invasive Carcinoma","code":"C4130","definitions":[{"description":"A mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts and it is associated with an invasive carcinomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Duct Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm with an Associated Invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystadenocarcinoma of Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystadenocarcinoma of the Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C36077":{"preferredName":"Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma","code":"C36077","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that develops in cells that line the bile ducts in the liver, where the right and left ducts meet. It is a type of cholangiocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cholangiocarcinoma that arises from the junction, or adjacent to the junction, of the right and left hepatic ducts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hilar CC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Klatskin Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Klatskin tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C95914":{"preferredName":"Ampullary Noninvasive Pancreatobiliary Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Dysplasia","code":"C95914","definitions":[{"description":"An ampullary noninvasive papillary neoplasm of the pancreatobiliary type characterized by the presence of low grade dysplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ampullary Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ampullary Noninvasive Pancreatobiliary Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95915":{"preferredName":"Ampullary Noninvasive Pancreatobiliary Papillary Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia","code":"C95915","definitions":[{"description":"An ampullary noninvasive papillary neoplasm of the pancreatobiliary type characterized by the presence of high grade dysplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ampullary High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ampullary Noninvasive Pancreatobiliary Papillary Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3758":{"preferredName":"Hepatocellular Adenoma","code":"C3758","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from hepatocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the hepatocytes. Grossly, it appears as a soft, round mass which often contains areas of hemorrhage and necrosis. Morphologically, the neoplastic cells resemble normal hepatocytes and form plates separated by sinusoids. Most patients have a history of contraceptive or anabolic steroids use.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, HEPATOCELLULAR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Liver Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3099":{"preferredName":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma","code":"C3099","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from hepatocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of adenocarcinoma and the most common type of liver tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor that arises from hepatocytes. Hepatocellular carcinoma is relatively rare in the United States but very common in all African countries south of the Sahara and in Southeast Asia. Most cases are seen in patients over the age of 50 years, but this tumor can also occur in younger individuals and even in children. Hepatocellular carcinoma is more common in males than females and is associated with hepatitis B, hepatitis C, chronic alcohol abuse and cirrhosis. Serum elevation of alpha-fetoprotein occurs in a large percentage of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Grossly, hepatocellular carcinoma may present as a single mass, as multiple nodules, or as diffuse liver involvement. Microscopically, there is a wide range of differentiation from tumor to tumor (well differentiated to poorly differentiated tumors). Hepatocellular carcinomas quickly metastasize to regional lymph nodes and lung. The overall median survival of untreated liver cell carcinoma is about 4 months. The most effective treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma is complete resection of the tumor. Lately, an increasing number of tumors have been treated with liver transplantation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, HEPATOCELLULAR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hepatoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver Cell Cancer (Hepatocellular Carcinoma)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Liver Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Carcinoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Primary Carcinoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Carcinoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Primary Carcinoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hepatocellular carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hepatoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4131":{"preferredName":"Fibrolamellar Carcinoma","code":"C4131","definitions":[{"description":"A distinctive type of liver cell carcinoma that arises in non-cirrhotic livers and is seen predominantly in young patients. The tumor cells are polygonal and deeply eosinophilic, and are embedded in a fibrous stroma. The prognosis is similar to classical hepatocellular carcinoma that arises in non-cirrhotic livers, and better than hepatocellular carcinoma that arises in cirrhotic livers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrolamellar Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fibrolamellar Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrolamellar Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrolamellar Carcinoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrolamellar Carcinoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Fibrolamellar Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver Cell Fibrolamellar Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Hepatocellular Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polygonal Cell Type Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Fibrous Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27388":{"preferredName":"Scirrhous Hepatocellular Carcinoma","code":"C27388","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon type of hepatocelluar carcinoma, morphologically characterized by significant fibrosis around the sinusoid-like spaces and atrophy of the tumor trabeculae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Scirrhous Hepatocellular Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Scirrhous Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Hepatic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3828":{"preferredName":"Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma","code":"C3828","definitions":[{"description":"A rare tumor containing unequivocal elements of both hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma that are intimately admixed. This tumor should be distinguished from separate hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma arising in the same liver. The prognosis of this tumor is poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma of Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholangiohepatoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Hepatocellular Cancer and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer (Cholangiocarcinoma)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatocholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Hepatocellular Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3688":{"preferredName":"Trabecular Adenoma","code":"C3688","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of a trabecular glandular architectural pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trabecular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4068":{"preferredName":"Trabecular Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4068","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of a trabecular glandular architectural pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trabecular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trabecular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27094":{"preferredName":"Cylindroma","code":"C27094","definitions":[{"description":"A benign sweat gland neoplasm usually occurring in the scalp or the face. It may present as solitary or multiple papular or nodular lesions. It may be a sporadic lesion or part of Brooke-Spiegler syndrome. It arises from the dermis and has a multinodular, circumscribed appearance. The nodules contain basaloid cells with small, dark nuclei. Complete excision is usually curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cylindroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cylindroma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cylindroma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermal Cylindroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C43352":{"preferredName":"Turban Tumor","code":"C43352","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ancell-Spiegler Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Turban Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Turban Tumor Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2970":{"preferredName":"Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma","code":"C2970","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of cancer that usually begins in the salivary glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the epithelial cells. Microscopically, the neoplastic epithelial cells form cylindrical spatial configurations (cribriform or classic type of adenoid cystic carcinoma), cordlike structures (tubular type of adenoid cystic carcinoma), or solid structures (basaloid variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma). Adenoid cystic carcinomas mostly occur in the salivary glands. Other primary sites of involvement include the lacrimal gland, the larynx, and the lungs. Adenoid cystic carcinomas spread along nerve sheaths, resulting in severe pain, and they tend to recur. Lymph node metastases are unusual; hematogenous tumor spread is characteristic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocystic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cylindroid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"adenoid cystic cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C5138":{"preferredName":"Intraductal Cribriform Breast Adenocarcinoma","code":"C5138","definitions":[{"description":"A ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast characterized by the presence of a cribriform architectural pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cribriform DCIS of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cribriform DCIS of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cribriform Ductal Breast Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cribriform Ductal Carcinoma in situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cribriform Ductal Carcinoma in situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCIS of Breast with Cribriform Pattern","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCIS of the Breast with Cribriform Pattern","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma in situ of Breast with Cribriform Pattern","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma in situ of the Breast with Cribriform Pattern","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Cribriform Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Cribriform Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Cribriform Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3680":{"preferredName":"Cribriform Carcinoma","code":"C3680","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma characterized by the presence of a cribriform architectural pattern. Representative examples include the intraductal cribriform breast carcinoma and invasive cribriform breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cribriform Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cribriform Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3685":{"preferredName":"Microcystic Adenoma","code":"C3685","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a microcystic pattern. The cystic spaces are lined by small cuboidal cells without evidence of significant cytologic atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Microcystic Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9473":{"preferredName":"Lactating Adenoma","code":"C9473","definitions":[{"description":"A tubular type adenoma of the breast in which, during pregnancy and lactation, the epithelial cells show extensive secretory changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lactating Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pregnancy Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3764":{"preferredName":"Adenomatous Polyp","code":"C3764","definitions":[{"description":"A polypoid neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium. There is proliferation of glandular cells which may display dysplastic cytologic features. Representative examples include the adenomatous polyps of the colon and rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenomatous Polyp","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenomatous Polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polypoid Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7678":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in Adenomatous Polyp","code":"C7678","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive adenocarcinoma arising from the neoplastic glandular cells in an adenomatous polyp.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in Adenomatous Polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7680":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in a Polyp","code":"C7680","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma arising in a polyp.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in a Polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7679":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in Tubular Adenoma","code":"C7679","definitions":[{"description":"An intraepithelial adenocarcinoma arising from a tubular adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in Tubular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7681":{"preferredName":"Carcinoma In Situ in a Polyp","code":"C7681","definitions":[{"description":"An intraepithelial adenocarcinoma arising in a polyp.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma In Situ in a Polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7676":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma in Adenomatous Polyp","code":"C7676","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive or invasive adenocarcinoma arising from the neoplastic glandular cells in an adenomatous polyp.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in Adenomatous Polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7677":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma in Tubular Adenoma","code":"C7677","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma arising from a tubular adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in Tubular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7682":{"preferredName":"Carcinoma in a Polyp","code":"C7682","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma in a Polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in a Polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4133":{"preferredName":"Tubular Adenoma","code":"C4133","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from glandular epithelium, characterized by a tubular architectural pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A usually polypoid neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium. It is characterized by a tubular architectural pattern. The neoplastic glandular cells have dysplastic features. Representative examples include the tubular adenomas of the colon and rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, TUBULAR CELL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tubular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65192":{"preferredName":"Tubular Adenocarcinoma","code":"C65192","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant glandular neoplasm exhibiting tubular structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An infiltrating adenocarcinoma in which the malignant cells form tubular structures. Representative examples include the tubular breast carcinoma and the gastric tubular adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, TUBULAR CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tubular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65193":{"preferredName":"Flat Adenoma","code":"C65193","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa which grossly and morphologically does not appear as an elevated or polypoid lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Flat Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C38458":{"preferredName":"Traditional Serrated Adenoma","code":"C38458","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma that arises from the large intestine and the appendix. It is characterized by prominent serration of the glands and the presence of generalized low-grade dysplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serrated Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serrated Adenoma Type II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Traditional Serrated Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96414":{"preferredName":"Sessile Serrated Adenoma/Polyp","code":"C96414","definitions":[{"description":"A polyp that arises from the large intestine and the appendix. It is characterized by the presence of serrated glands and the absence of generalized dysplasia. Some authors have suggested that it is a precursor lesion for some colorectal adenocarcinomas with microsatellite instability.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SSA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSA/P","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serrated Adenoma Type I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serrated Polyp with Abnormal Proliferation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sessile Serrated Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sessile Serrated Adenoma/Polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sessile Serrated Polyp","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sessile Serrated Polyp/Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65194":{"preferredName":"Gastric Parietal Cell Adenocarcinoma","code":"C65194","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma of the stomach arising from the parietal cells. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells with eosinophilic, finely granular cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric Parietal Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parietal Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C5609":{"preferredName":"Anal Glands Adenocarcinoma","code":"C5609","definitions":[{"description":"An anal adenocarcinoma arising from the epithelium of the anal glands. The overlying anal mucosa does not show evidence of neoplastic changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of Anal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of the Anal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Glands Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4134":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma in Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","code":"C4134","definitions":[{"description":"Adenocarcinomas developing in colorectal adenomas in patients with a history of adenomatous polyposis coli. The mean age of development of adenocarcinoma is about 40 years.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4135":{"preferredName":"Multiple Adenomatous Polyps","code":"C4135","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which multiple adenomas develop in the gastrointestinal tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multiple Adenomatous Polyps","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4136":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma in Multiple Adenomatous Polyps","code":"C4136","definitions":[{"description":"Adenocarcinomas developing in gastrointestinal tract adenomas in patients with multiple adenomatous polyps.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in Multiple Adenomatous Polyps","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4137":{"preferredName":"Solid Carcinoma","code":"C4137","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma morphologically characterized by the presence of solid sheets of malignant epithelial cells in tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Solid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Solid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65195":{"preferredName":"Carcinoma Simplex","code":"C65195","definitions":[{"description":"An undifferentiated malignant epithelial neoplasm which tends to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and spread to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma Simplex","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65196":{"preferredName":"Carcinoid Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential","code":"C65196","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoid tumor that shows atypical characteristics and has borderline malignant potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoid Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2915":{"preferredName":"Carcinoid Tumor","code":"C2915","definitions":[{"description":"A slow-growing type of tumor usually found in the gastrointestinal system (most often in the appendix), and sometimes in the lungs or other sites. Carcinoid tumors may spread to the liver or other sites in the body, and they may secrete substances such as serotonin or prostaglandins, causing carcinoid syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A slow growing neuroendocrine tumor, composed of uniform, round, or polygonal cells having monotonous, centrally located nuclei and small nucleoli, infrequent mitoses, and no necrosis. The tumor may show a variety of patterns, such as solid, trabecular, and acinar. Electron microscopy shows small secretory granules. Immunohistochemical studies reveal NSE, as well as chromogranin immunoreactivity. Malignant histology (cellular pleomorphism, hyperchromatic nuclei, prominent nucleoli, necrosis, and mitoses) can occasionally be seen. Such cases may have an aggressive clinical course. Gastrointestinal tract and lung are common sites of involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"carcinoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C35727":{"preferredName":"Grade I Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C35727","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade I Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27252":{"preferredName":"Enterochromaffin-Like Cell Neuroendocrine Tumor G1","code":"C27252","definitions":[{"description":"A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor) arising from the gastrointestinal tract. It is characterized by the presence of enterochromaffin-like type granules in the neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ECL Cell NET G1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enterochromaffin-Like Cell Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enterochromaffin-Like Cell NET G1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enterochromaffin-Like Cell Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enterochromaffin-Like Cell Neuroendocrine Tumor G1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4139":{"preferredName":"Combined Carcinoid and Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4139","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of a mixture of neuroendocrine cells with morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of carcinoid tumor and malignant glandular cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Carcinoid Neoplasm and Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Carcinoid Tumor and Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Carcinoid and Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Combined Carcinoid and Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Composite Carcinoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Composite Carcinoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Composite Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Carcinoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3773":{"preferredName":"Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C3773","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm composed of cells containing secretory granules that stain positive for NSE and chromogranin. The neoplastic cells are often round and form clusters or trabecular sheets. Representative examples are small cell carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NEC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C9231":{"preferredName":"Merkel Cell Carcinoma","code":"C9231","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of cancer that forms on or just beneath the skin, usually in parts of the body that have been exposed to the sun. It is most common in older people and in people with weakened immune systems.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare malignant cutaneous tumor seen in elderly patients. Its usual location is on the head, neck and extremities. The tumor is composed of small round cells with scanty cytoplasm arranged in a trabecular pattern, or in ill-defined nodules or in a diffuse pattern. The tumor cells contain cytoplasmic membrane-bound dense core granules resembling neurosecretory granules. There is strong evidence implicating Merkel cell polyomavirus in a majority of cases of Merkel cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous Apudoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Merkel Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Merkel Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Merkel cell cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Merkel cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Merkel cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Skin Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trabecular Skin Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"trabecular cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2879":{"preferredName":"Neoplasm of the Diffuse Neuroendocrine System","code":"C2879","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor made up of cells with APUD properties. - 2002","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APUDoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Diffuse Neuroendocrine System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Diffuse Neuroendocrine System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C72074":{"preferredName":"Atypical Carcinoid Tumor","code":"C72074","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoid tumor characterized by a high mitotic rate, often associated with the presence of necrosis and nuclear pleomorphism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C35725":{"preferredName":"Grade II Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C35725","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade II Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3763":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Adenomatosis","code":"C3763","definitions":[{"description":"This is a non-human neoplastic process described in sheep.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Adenomatosis","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2923":{"preferredName":"Minimally Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma","code":"C2923","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant lung neoplasm originating from the alveolar/bronchiolar epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A solitary adenocarcinoma arising from the lung measuring 3 cm or less. It is characterized by a predominantly lepidic pattern and 5 mm or less invasion in greatest dimension. It is usually a non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, but rarely may be mucinous.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchioalveolar Adenocarcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioalveolar Adenocarcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchioalveolar Adenocarcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioalveolar Adenocarcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchioalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchiolo-Alveolar Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchiolo-Alveolar Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchiolo-Alveolar Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchiolo-Alveolar Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchiolo-Alveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchiolo-Alveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Adenocarcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Adenocarcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Adenocarcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Adenocarcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, BRONCHIOLOALVEOLAR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Minimally Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4140":{"preferredName":"Alveolar Adenoma","code":"C4140","definitions":[{"description":"A benign lung neoplasm arising from the alveolar/bronchiolar epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, well circumscribed lung neoplasm morphologically characterized by the presence of cystic spaces resembling alveoli, lined by a simple cuboidal epithelium. The cystic spaces are surrounded by a spindle cell stroma which may show myxoid changes. It is a solitary, usually peripheral lung lesion. Patients are usually asymptomatic and its discovery is an incidental finding during chest X-ray examination. Surgical excision is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, BRONCHIOLOALVEOLAR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Alveoli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Alveoli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Alveoli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Alveoli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alveolar Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7269":{"preferredName":"Minimally Invasive Lung Non-Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C7269","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of minimally invasive lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of Clara cells and/or type II cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Minimally Invasive Lung Non-Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Mucinous Bronchoalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Mucinous Minimally Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7268":{"preferredName":"Minimally Invasive Lung Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C7268","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of minimally invasive lung adenocarcinoma characterized by tall columnar cells and mucin production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Minimally Invasive Lung Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Bronchoalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Minimally Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7270":{"preferredName":"Mixed Mucinous and Non-Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","code":"C7270","definitions":[{"description":"A rare morphologic variant of bronchiolo-alveolar lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of both mucin and non-mucin producing cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Indeterminate Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mucinous and Non-Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mucinous and Non-Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mucinous and Non-Mucinous Bronchoalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65197":{"preferredName":"Lung Adenocarcinoma with Mixed Bronchioloalveolar and Invasive Components","code":"C65197","definitions":[{"description":"A lung adenocarcinoma consisting of a bronchioloalveolar component and an invasive adenocarcinomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung Adenocarcinoma with Mixed Bronchioloalveolar and Invasive Components","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung adenocar. w/ bronch. feat.","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Lung adenocarcinoma with bronchioloalveolar features","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C6880":{"preferredName":"Glandular Papilloma","code":"C6880","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glandular Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2853":{"preferredName":"Papillary Adenocarcinoma","code":"C2853","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma with papillary growth pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A morphologic variant of adenocarcinoma. It is characterized by the presence of a papillary growth pattern. Representative examples include thyroid gland papillary carcinoma, invasive papillary breast carcinoma, and ovarian serous surface papillary adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOCARCINOMA, PAPILLARY, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4035":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C4035","definitions":[{"description":"A differentiated adenocarcinoma arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. The diagnosis is based on the distinct characteristics of the malignant cells, which include enlargement, oval shape, elongation, and overlapping of the nuclei. The nuclei also display clearing or have a ground glass appearance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in follicular cells in the thyroid and grows in small finger-like shapes. It grows slowly, is more common in women than in men, and often occurs before age 45. It is the most common type of thyroid cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A differentiated adenocarcinoma arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. Radiation exposure is a risk factor and it is the most common malignant thyroid lesion, comprising 75% to 80% of all thyroid cancers in iodine sufficient countries. Diagnostic procedures include thyroid ultrasound and fine needle biopsy. Microscopically, the diagnosis is based on the distinct characteristics of the malignant cells, which include enlargement, oval shape, elongation, and overlapping of the nuclei. The nuclei also display clearing or have a ground glass appearance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Cancer of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Cancer of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Cancer of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Cancer of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary thyroid carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"papillary thyroid cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6975":{"preferredName":"Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C6975","definitions":[{"description":"Also known as chromophil carcinoma, it represents a minority of renal cell carcinomas. It can be hereditary or sporadic. The sporadic papillary renal cell carcinoma is characterized by trisomy of chromosomes 7, 16, and 17, and loss of chromosome Y. The peak incidence is in the sixth and seven decades. It is classified as type 1 or 2, based on the cytoplasmic volume and the thickness of the lining neoplastic cells. The prognosis is more favorable than for conventional (clear cell) renal cell carcinoma. -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromophil Carcinoma of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophil Carcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophil Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary (Chromophil) Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary renal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C7399":{"preferredName":"Villous Adenoma","code":"C7399","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm that grows in the colon and other places in the gastrointestinal tract and sometimes in other parts of the body. These adenomas may become malignant (cancerous).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm morphologically characterized by the presence of a villous architectural pattern. Most often it occurs in the large intestine, small intestine, and the stomach in which the neoplastic epithelial cells show dysplastic features. It may also arise in the urinary bladder, urethra, and vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Villous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"villous adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C8376":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in Villous Adenoma","code":"C8376","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive adenocarcinoma arising from a villous adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in Villous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4141":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma in Villous Adenoma","code":"C4141","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive or invasive adenocarcinoma arising from a villous adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in Villous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4142":{"preferredName":"Villous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4142","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a villous architectural pattern. It may arise from a villous adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Villous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4143":{"preferredName":"Tubulovillous Adenoma","code":"C4143","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm that grows in the colon and other places in the gastrointestinal tract and sometimes in other parts of the body. These adenomas may become malignant (cancerous).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm morphologically characterized by the presence of a villous and a tubular architectural pattern. Most often it occurs in the large intestine, small intestine, and the stomach in which the neoplastic epithelial cells show dysplastic features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tubulovillous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tubulovillous adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4144":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in Tubulovillous Adenoma","code":"C4144","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive adenocarcinoma arising from a tubulovillous adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in Tubulovillous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4145":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma in Tubulovillous Adenoma","code":"C4145","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive or invasive adenocarcinoma arising from a tubulovillous adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in Tubulovillous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65198":{"preferredName":"Glandular Papillomatosis","code":"C65198","definitions":[{"description":"Multifocal neoplastic proliferations of the glandular epithelium displaying a papillary pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glandular Papillomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6881":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Papillary Neoplasm","code":"C6881","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive, papillary epithelial neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Duct Papillary Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Papillomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary Papillomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2857":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Chromophobe Adenoma","code":"C2857","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells do not stain with acidic or basic dyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromophobe Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Adenoma of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Adenoma of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Chromophobe Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Chromophobe Adenoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Chromophobe Adenoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}]}}{"C4146":{"preferredName":"Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4146","definitions":[{"description":"A type of carcinoma that comprises a minority of renal cell carcinomas. It is characterized by loss of chromosomes 1 and Y. Based on the cytoplasmic characteristics of the neoplastic cells, this type of carcinoma is classified as classic (typical) or eosinophilic. It has a much better prognosis than other renal cell carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromophobe Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Carcinoma of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Carcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Cell Carcinoma of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma, Chromophobe Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3342":{"preferredName":"Lactotroph Adenoma","code":"C3342","definitions":[{"description":"A non-malignant prolactin-secreting pituitary tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An adenoma of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that produces prolactin. It is the most common type of pituitary gland adenomas and it is associated with hyperprolactinemia. Clinical manifestations include amenorrhea, galactorrhea, impotence, headache, and visual disturbances.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lactotrope Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lactotroph Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lactotroph Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRL Producing Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Prolactinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Prolactinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Producing Adenoma of Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Producing Adenoma of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Producing Adenoma of the Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Producing Adenoma of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Producing Pituitary Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Producing Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Secreting Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Secreting Adenoma of Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Secreting Adenoma of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Secreting Adenoma of the Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Secreting Adenoma of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Secreting Pituitary Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Secreting Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin-Producing Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prolactin-Producing Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Prolactinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactinoma of Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactinoma of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactinoma of the Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactinoma of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3329":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Adenoma","code":"C3329","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A non-metastasizing tumor that arises from the adenohypophysial cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A non-metastasizing tumor that arises from the adenohypophysial cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The tumor can be hormonally functioning or not. The diagnosis can be based on imaging studies and/or radioimmunoassays. Due to its location in the sella turcica, expansion of the tumor mass can impinge on the optic chiasm or involve the temporal lobe, third ventricle and posterior fossa A frequently associated physical finding is bitemporal hemianopsia which may progress to further visual loss.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, ANTERIOR LOBE PITUITARY GLAND, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pituitary Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C4536":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Carcinoma","code":"C4536","definitions":[{"description":"A rare adenocarcinoma with poor prognosis, arising from the adenohypophysial cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland or pre-existing adenomas. The majority are hormonally functioning neoplasms, usually producing prolactin or ACTH. The diagnosis is based on the presence of metastases. Syndromes associated with pituitary gland carcinomas include hyperprolactinemia, Cushing disease, and acromegaly.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary gland cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C6780":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Acidophil Adenoma","code":"C6780","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic dyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acidophil Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eosinophil Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Acidophil Adenoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Acidophil Adenoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}]}}{"C4147":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Acidophil Carcinoma","code":"C4147","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic dyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acidophil Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acidophil Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eosinophil Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eosinophil Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Acidophil Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4148":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Mixed Acidophil-Basophil Adenoma","code":"C4148","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic and basic dyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Acidophil-Basophil Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Eosinophil-Basophil Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Mixed Acidophil-Basophil Adenoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3759":{"preferredName":"Oncocytic Adenoma","code":"C3759","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. Representative examples include oncocytic adenomas of the thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, and pituitary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oncocytic Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxyphilic Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6042":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Hurthle Cell Adenoma","code":"C6042","definitions":[{"description":"A thyroid gland adenoma composed of large cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Oncocytoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Oncocytoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Oncocytoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Oncocytoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Thyroid Gland Oncocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Thyroid Oncocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of Thyroid Gland of Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of Thyroid of Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of the Thyroid Gland of the Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of the Thyroid of the Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Adenoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Adenoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Adenoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Adenoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Adenoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Adenoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Adenoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Adenoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Follicular Adenoma of Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Follicular Adenoma of the Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Adenoma of Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Adenoma of the Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Hurthle Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Oncocytic Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Hurthle Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Oncocytic Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3679":{"preferredName":"Oxyphilic Adenocarcinoma","code":"C3679","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of large epithelial cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm (oncocytes).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of large malignant epithelial cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm (oncocytes). Representative examples include thyroid gland oncocytic follicular carcinoma, oncocytic breast carcinoma, and salivary gland oncocytic carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONCOCYTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxyphilic Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2856":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Basophil Adenoma","code":"C2856","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with basic dyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basophilic Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basophilic Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucoid Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Basophilic Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Basophil Adenoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Basophil Adenoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}]}}{"C4150":{"preferredName":"Basophilic Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4150","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with basic dyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basophilic Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basophilic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4151":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Adenoma","code":"C4151","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm comprising glands containing epithelial clear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of glands containing epithelial clear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, CLEAR CELL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3766":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","code":"C3766","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm comprising glandular epithelial clear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare type of tumor, usually of the female genital tract, in which the insides of the cells look clear when viewed under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of glandular epithelial clear cells. Various architectural patterns may be seen, including papillary, tubulocystic, and solid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOCARCINOMA, CLEAR CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesonephroid Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesonephroid Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesonephroid Clear Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesonephroid Clear Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"clear cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"clear cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9385":{"preferredName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C9385","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from renal parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the renal parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The most common type of kidney cancer. It begins in the lining of the renal tubules in the kidney. The renal tubules filter the blood and produce urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the renal parenchyma. There is a strong correlation between cigarette smoking and the development of renal cell carcinoma. The clinical presentation includes : hematuria, flank pain and a palpable lumbar mass. A high percentage of renal cell carcinomas are diagnosed when an ultrasound is performed for other purposes. Radical nephrectomy is the standard intervention procedure. Renal cell carcinoma is generally considered to be resistant to radiation treatment and chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, RENAL CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Kidney Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Kidney Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RCC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma, Stage Unspecified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma, Stage Unspecified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal cell carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"renal cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"renal cell cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"renal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4033":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4033","definitions":[{"description":"The most common type of kidney cancer. It begins in the lining of the renal tubules in the kidney. The renal tubules filter the blood and produce urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm of the kidney characterized by the presence of lipid-containing clear cells within a vascular network. The tumor may metastasize to unusual sites and late metastasis is common.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma, Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Carcinoma of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conventional (Clear Cell) Renal Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conventional (Clear Cell) Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conventional Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grawitz Tumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypernephroma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney Clear Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RCC, clear cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Renal Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal cell carcinoma, clear cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"hypernephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C8987":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Adenofibroma","code":"C8987","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of glandular structures which contain clear cells and a fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8988":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Cystadenofibroma","code":"C8988","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of cystic glandular and fibrous tissues and clear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Cystadenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4152":{"preferredName":"Lipid-Rich Carcinoma","code":"C4152","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm which contains neutral lipids. A representative example is the lipid-rich breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipid-Rich Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lipid-Rich Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4153":{"preferredName":"Glycogen-Rich Carcinoma","code":"C4153","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with abundant clear cytoplasm which contains glycogen. A representative example is the glycogen-rich, clear cell breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glycogen-Rich Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Glycogen-Rich Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27893":{"preferredName":"Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27893","definitions":[{"description":"A high grade carcinoma of the kidney. It is not a distinct clinicopathological entity and includes a diverse group of renal cell carcinomas which have been transformed from a lower to a higher grade.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RCC w/ sarcomatoid features","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid features","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6194":{"preferredName":"Carcinoma of the Collecting Ducts of Bellini","code":"C6194","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of kidney cancer that grows and spreads quickly. It begins in the duct of Bellini in the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Also known as collecting duct carcinoma, this is a rare type of renal carcinoma. It arises from the collecting ducts of the renal medulla, and most authors suggest that this is an aggressive tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BDC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Bellini Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bellini duct carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Collecting Ducts of Bellini","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Kidney Collecting Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Renal Collecting Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Collecting Ducts of Bellini","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Collecting Ducts of Bellini","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Kidney Collecting Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Renal Collecting Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Collecting Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Collecting Duct Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Collecting duct renal cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Kidney Collecting Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Collecting Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3681":{"preferredName":"Granular Cell Carcinoma","code":"C3681","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with granular cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Granular Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4154":{"preferredName":"Parathyroid Gland Chief Cell Adenoma","code":"C4154","definitions":[{"description":"A parathyroid gland adenoma composed predominantly of neoplastic chief cells. These cells have either slightly eosinophilic or vacuolated cytoplasm, and round nuclei.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chief Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chief Cell Adenoma of Parathyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chief Cell Adenoma of Parathyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chief Cell Adenoma of the Parathyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chief Cell Adenoma of the Parathyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parathyroid Chief Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parathyroid Gland Chief Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Parathyroid Gland Chief Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4155":{"preferredName":"Parathyroid Gland Water-Clear Cell Adenoma","code":"C4155","definitions":[{"description":"A rare parathyroid gland adenoma composed of neoplastic cells with abundant cytoplasm. The cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells is usually not entirely clear, and is often variably vacuolated, foamy, and granular.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Parathyroid Gland Water-Clear Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Water-Clear Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4156":{"preferredName":"Water-Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4156","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with clear, often vacuolated or foamy cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Water-Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4157":{"preferredName":"Mixed Cell Adenoma","code":"C4157","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma characterized by the presence of a mixed epithelial cell population.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4158":{"preferredName":"Mixed Cell Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4158","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a mixed malignant glandular cell population.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4159":{"preferredName":"Lipoadenoma","code":"C4159","definitions":[{"description":"Benign mixed neoplasm comprised of epithelial/glandular and lipomatous structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An adenoma in which the neoplastic epithelial cells are admixed with adipose tissue cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOLIPOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lipoadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27253":{"preferredName":"Metanephric Adenoma","code":"C27253","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, well-circumscribed renal cortical neoplasm affecting females more often than males. Polycythemia has been reported in twelve-percent of patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metanephric Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27729":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Well-Differentiated Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential","code":"C27729","definitions":[{"description":"An encapsulated or well-circumscribed tumor composed of well-differentiated follicular cells with well-developed or partially developed nuclear features of papillary thyroid carcinoma and with questionable capsular or vascular invasion. That is this is a tumor indeterminate between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma. Tumors in which vascular invasion has been excluded by all means are called non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Atypical Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Well-Differentiated Neoplasm of Uncertain Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Well-Differentiated Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WDT-UMP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8054":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma","code":"C8054","definitions":[{"description":"A differentiated adenocarcinoma arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. The nuclear features which characterize the thyroid gland papillary carcinoma are absent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasia arising from follicular cells of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in follicular cells in the thyroid. It grows slowly and is highly treatable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A differentiated adenocarcinoma arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. The nuclear features which characterize the thyroid gland papillary carcinoma are absent. Radiation exposure is a risk factor and it comprises approximately 10% to 15% of thyroid cancers. Clinically, it usually presents as a solitary mass in the thyroid gland. It is generally unifocal and thickly encapsulated and shows invasion of the capsule or the vessels. Diagnostic procedures include thyroid ultrasound and fine needle biopsy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, FOLLICULAR CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular thyroid carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well-Differentiated Follicular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well-Differentiated Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well-differentiated Follicular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Well-differentiated Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"follicular thyroid cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4160":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Microfollicular Adenoma","code":"C4160","definitions":[{"description":"A thyroid gland adenoma composed of microfollicular structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fetal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microfollicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Fetal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Microfollicular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4161":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Macrofollicular Adenoma","code":"C4161","definitions":[{"description":"A thyroid gland adenoma composed of large size follicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colloid Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Macrofollicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Macrofollicular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6846":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor","code":"C6846","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, circumscribed or encapsulated tumor arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. It is characterized by a trabecular growth pattern and hyalinized stroma formation. The vast majority of cases have a benign clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyalinizing Trabecular Adenoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hyalinizing Trabecular Adenoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLAT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma-like Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Hyalinizing Trabecular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6040":{"preferredName":"Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","code":"C6040","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma arising from the thyroid gland showing only limited evidence of follicular cell differentiation. Microscopically, the adenocarcinoma cells are arranged in insular, solid, and trabecular patterns. There is associated necrosis, and vascular invasion. The prognosis depends on the tumor stage, complete or partial surgical removal of the tumor, and the degree of response to radioactive iodine therapy. (adapted from WHO Tumors of Endocrine Organs, IARC Press, Lyon 2004)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Insular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Gland Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C126594":{"preferredName":"Follicular Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C126594","definitions":[{"description":"An encapsulated or nonencapsulated variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland characterized by the predominance of follicular structures. The malignant follicular cells display the nuclear features that characterize the papillary adenocarcinomas of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FVPTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7380":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary and Follicular Carcinoma","code":"C7380","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary and Follicular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary and Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary and Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C35830":{"preferredName":"Columnar Cell Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C35830","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland characterized by the presence of pseudostratified malignant follicular cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Columnar Cell Variant Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Columnar Cell Variant Papillary Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Columnar Cell Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C35558":{"preferredName":"Tall Cell Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C35558","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland characterized by the presence of tall malignant follicular cells, arranged in papillary and trabecular patterns. Necrotic changes and high mitotic activity are present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tall Cell Variant Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tall Cell Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tall Cell Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4193":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","code":"C4193","definitions":[{"description":"A medullary thyroid gland carcinoma characterized by the presence of amyloid stroma. The majority of medullary carcinomas of the thyroid gland are associated with amyloid deposits. The latter are highlighted with Congo red staining method.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C Cell Adenocarcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C Cell Carcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Adenocarcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Gland Carcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parafollicular Cell Adenocarcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parafollicular Cell Carcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3879":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma","code":"C3879","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroendocrine malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from C-cells of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that develops in C cells of the thyroid. The C cells make a hormone (calcitonin) that helps maintain a healthy level of calcium in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Carcinoma arising from the C-cells of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A neuroendocrine carcinoma arising from the C-cells of the thyroid gland. It is closely associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes. Approximately 10% to 20% of medullary thyroid carcinomas are familial. Patients usually present with a thyroid nodule that is painless and firm. In the majority of cases nodal involvement is present at diagnosis. Surgery is the preferred treatment for both primary lesions and recurrences. This carcinoma is generally not very sensitive to radiation and almost unresponsive to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"C Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"C-Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, C-CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary thyroid carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Parafollicular Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Parafollicular Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Medullary Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"medullary thyroid cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7427":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Sclerosing Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C7427","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland that more often affects young patients and commonly metastasizing to the lungs. It is characterized by a diffuse infiltration of the thyroid gland by malignant follicular cells, squamous metaplasia, stromal fibrosis, and lymphocytic infiltration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Sclerosing Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Sclerosing Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonencapsulated Sclerosing Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonencapsulated Sclerosing Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonencapsulated Sclerosing Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonencapsulated Sclerosing Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonencapsulated Sclerosing Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Diffuse Sclerosing Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6432":{"preferredName":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia","code":"C6432","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically heterogenous group of autosomal dominant neoplastic syndromes characterized by the development of neoplasms in various endocrine organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An inherited condition that may result in the development of cancers of the endocrine system. There are several types of multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome, and patients with each type may develop different types of cancer. The altered genes that cause each type can be detected with a blood test.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant inherited neoplastic syndrome characterized by the development of various endocrine neoplasms and abnormalities in various anatomic sites. There are four types recognized: type 1 (MEN 1), caused by inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene MEN-1, type 2A (MEN 2A), caused by mutation of the RET gene, type 2B (MEN 2B) also caused by mutation of the RET gene, and type 4 (MEN 4) caused by mutation of the CDKN1B gene. Patients with MEN 1 may develop hyperparathyroidism and parathyroid gland adenomas, pituitary gland adenomas, pancreatic islet cell neoplasms, and carcinoid tumors. Patients with MEN 2A develop medullary thyroid carcinomas and may also develop pheochromocytomas and parathyroid gland hyperplasia. Patients with MEN 2B develop medullary thyroid carcinomas and numerous neural defects including neuromas. Patients with MEN 4 develop endocrine neoplasms, particularly in the parathyroid glands, pituitary, and pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN Syndromes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"MEN syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Multiple Endocrine Adenomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome(s)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"multiple endocrine adenomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4162":{"preferredName":"Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumor","code":"C4162","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, well circumscribed neoplasm arising from the cortex of the kidney. It secrets renin and the patients usually present with severe hypertension and marked hypokalemia. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of sheets of polygonal or spindle-shaped neoplastic cells forming a hemangiopericytic pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juxtaglomerular Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juxtaglomerular Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reninoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9003":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","code":"C9003","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from any of the adrenal cortical layers.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm that can arise from any of the adrenal cortical layers. It can be associated with the overproduction of glucocorticoids (Cushing's syndrome), androgenic or estrogenic steroids (adrenogenital syndrome), or mineralocorticoids (Conn's syndrome). (Sternberg Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, 3rd ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, ADRENOCORTICAL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Adenoma of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Adenoma of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Adenoma of the Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Adenoma of the Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Adrenal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Adrenal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Adrenal Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Adrenal Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortical Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C2858":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex Neoplasm","code":"C2858","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant (primary or metastatic) neoplasm affecting the adrenal cortex.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9004":{"preferredName":"Benign Adrenal Cortex Neoplasm","code":"C9004","definitions":[{"description":"A non-metastasizing neoplasm arising from the adrenal cortex.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Adrenal Cortex Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Adrenal Cortex Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9325":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma","code":"C9325","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from adrenal cortical cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare cancer that forms in the outer layer of tissue of the adrenal gland (a small organ on top of each kidney that makes steroid hormones, adrenaline, and noradrenaline to control heart rate, blood pressure, and other body functions).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare, usually large (greater than 5cm), malignant epithelial tumor arising from the adrenal cortical cells. Symptoms are usually related to the excessive production of hormones, and include Cushing's syndrome and virilism in women. Common sites of metastasis include liver, lung, bone, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Advanced radiologic procedures have enabled the detection of small tumors, resulting in the improvement of the 5-year survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma, Adrenocortical, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, ADRENOCORTICAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortical Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"adrenocortical cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"adrenocortical carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cancer of the adrenal cortex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9327":{"preferredName":"Malignant Adrenal Cortex Neoplasm","code":"C9327","definitions":[{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the adrenal cortex.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Cortex Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Cortex Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenocortical Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenocortical Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4163":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex Compact Cell Adenoma","code":"C4163","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma of the adrenal cortex composed of neoplastic compact cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Compact Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compact Cell Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compact Cell Adrenal Cortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compact Cell Adrenocortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4164":{"preferredName":"Pigmented Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","code":"C4164","definitions":[{"description":"A usually functioning adenoma of the adrenal cortex. Grossly, it has a dark brown appearance and is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells containing abundant intracytoplasmic lipofuscin. It may be associated with Cushing syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Black Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heavily Pigmented Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heavily Pigmented Adrenal Cortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heavily Pigmented Adrenocortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4165":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex Clear Cell Adenoma","code":"C4165","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma of the adrenal cortex composed of neoplastic clear cells containing intracytoplasmic lipid droplets.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Clear Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Adrenal Cortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Adrenocortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4166":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex Glomerulosa Cell Adenoma","code":"C4166","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma of the adrenal cortex composed of neoplastic cells with cytologic features of glomerulosa cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Glomerulosa Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glomerulosa Cell Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glomerulosa Cell Adrenal Cortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glomerulosa Cell Adrenocortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4167":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex Mixed Cell Adenoma","code":"C4167","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma of the adrenal cortex composed of a mixed neoplastic cellular population, including varying numbers of neoplastic clear and compact cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Mixed Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cell Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cell Adrenal Cortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cell Adrenocortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7983":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor/Atypical Proliferative Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor","code":"C7983","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm that arises from the ovary characterized by the presence of glandular or cystic spaces which contain atypical glandular epithelial cells resembling endometrial cells. The surrounding ovarian stroma is often fibrotic. There is no evidence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Endometrioid Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Endometrioid Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Endometrioid Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Endometrioid Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Endometrioid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor/Atypical Proliferative Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor/Atypical Proliferative Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBT/APET","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Neoplasm with Proliferating Activity, Ovarian","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Tumor of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Tumor with Proliferating Activity, Ovarian","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Endometrioid Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Endometrioid Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Endometrioid Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Endometrioid Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Ovarian Endometrioid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Borderline Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Borderline Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Neoplasm with Proliferating Activity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor with Proliferating Activity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Endometrioid Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Endometrioid Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Endometrioid Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Endometrioid Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Ovarian Endometrioid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3769":{"preferredName":"Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma","code":"C3769","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells resembling endometrial cells. It can arise from the uterine body, ovary, fallopian tube, cervix, vagina, and uterine ligament.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Carcinoma of Female Reproductive System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Carcinoma of the Female Reproductive System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Female Reproductive Endometrioid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27287":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Adenofibroma","code":"C27287","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of glandular structures with endometrial-type well-differentiated cells in a fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27288":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Cystadenofibroma","code":"C27288","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by endometrial-type well-differentiated cells in a fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Cystadenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27839":{"preferredName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Secretory Variant","code":"C27839","definitions":[{"description":"An endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from the endometrium. Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells containing glycogen vacuoles which are usually subnuclear and reminiscent of early secretory endometrium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Secretory Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secretory Uterine Corpus Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27848":{"preferredName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Ciliated Variant","code":"C27848","definitions":[{"description":"An endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from the endometrium, in which ciliated cells line the majority of the malignant glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ciliated Uterine Corpus Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Ciliated Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66951":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma, Endocervical Type","code":"C66951","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelium resembling the endocervical epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma, Endocervical Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7580":{"preferredName":"Skin Appendage Adenoma","code":"C7580","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sebaceous or sweat glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sebaceous or sweat glands. Representative examples include sebaceous adenoma, tubular apocrine adenoma, and hidradenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, ADNEXAL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Adnexa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Adnexa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Skin Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Skin Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adnexal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adnexal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Appendage Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4615":{"preferredName":"Benign Skin Appendage Neoplasm","code":"C4615","definitions":[{"description":"A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the hair follicles, sebaceous glands, or sweat glands. Representative examples include cylindroma, hidrocystoma, hidradenoma, and sebaceoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Cutaneous Adnexal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Epidermal Appendage Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Epidermal Appendage Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Epidermal Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Epidermal Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Skin Appendage Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Epidermal Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Epidermal Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3775":{"preferredName":"Adnexal Carcinoma","code":"C3775","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from sebaceous or sweat glands or from hair follicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the sebaceous glands, sweat glands, or the hair follicles. Representative examples include sebaceous carcinoma, apocrine carcinoma, eccrine carcinoma, and pilomatrical carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adnexal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, ADNEXAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Adnexa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Adnexa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Skin Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Skin Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Appendage Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skin Appendage Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C43331":{"preferredName":"Fibrofolliculoma","code":"C43331","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, pilar-associated mesenchyme neoplasm with follicular differentiation. It usually occurs in the face, neck, and chest. It presents as a dome-shaped papular lesion. It is composed of epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Patients with Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome may develop follicular fibromas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibrofolliculoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4470":{"preferredName":"Perifollicular Fibroma","code":"C4470","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts surrounding the hair follicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Perifollicular Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trichoblastic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C43333":{"preferredName":"Trichodiscoma","code":"C43333","definitions":[{"description":"A benign tumor usually arising in the face, trunk or thighs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neurofollicular Hamartoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trichodiscoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C43356":{"preferredName":"Eccrine Syringofibroadenoma","code":"C43356","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, benign eccrine neoplasm usually arising on acral areas as a solitary papular or nodular lesion. Multiple lesions are referred as syringofibroadenomatosis. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial cuboidal cells forming anastomosing cords in a fibrovascular stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acrosyringeal Adenomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acrosyringeal Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine Poromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine Syringofibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine Syringofibroadenoma of Mascaro","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Linear Eccrine Poroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nevus Syringoadenomatosus Papilliferum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syringofibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7560":{"preferredName":"Sweat Gland Adenoma","code":"C7560","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelias neoplasm arising from sweat glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. Representative examples include tubular apocrine adenoma, syringofibroadenoma, and hidradenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, SWEAT GLAND, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7563":{"preferredName":"Hidradenoma","code":"C7563","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. Variants include the clear cell and nodular hidradenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acrospiroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine Acrospiroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hidradenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4879":{"preferredName":"Benign Sweat Gland Neoplasm","code":"C4879","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm involving the sweat gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Sweat Gland Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Sweat Gland Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat Gland Neoplasm, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3398":{"preferredName":"Sweat Gland Neoplasm","code":"C3398","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from the sweat glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat Gland Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat Gland Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat Gland Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6938":{"preferredName":"Sweat Gland Carcinoma","code":"C6938","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from sweat glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the sweat glands. Representative examples include tubular carcinoma, spiradenocarcinoma, eccrine carcinoma, hidradenocarcinoma, and apocrine carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, SWEAT GLAND, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4810":{"preferredName":"Malignant Sweat Gland Neoplasm","code":"C4810","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm that affects the sweat glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Sweat Gland Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat Gland Neoplasms, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4168":{"preferredName":"Apocrine Adenoma","code":"C4168","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the apocrine sweat glands. Representative examples include tubular apocrine adenoma and external auditory canal ceruminous adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apocrine Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C43342":{"preferredName":"Apocrine Hidrocystoma","code":"C43342","definitions":[{"description":"A slow-growing, usually solitary, dome-shaped benign sweat gland adenoma, most frequently located on the eyelid. It is characterized by a cystic proliferation of apocrine glands. Surgical excision is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apocrine Hidrocystoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apocrine Hydrocystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7568":{"preferredName":"Nodular Hidradenoma","code":"C7568","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It presents as a nodular lesion usually in the scalp, trunk, and proximal extremities. It is characterized by a nodular growth pattern. Complete excision is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nodular Hidradenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solid and Cystic Hidradenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7567":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Hidradenoma","code":"C7567","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon benign neoplasm of the sweat glands characterized by the presence of clear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Hidradenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54664":{"preferredName":"Hidradenocarcinoma","code":"C54664","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma with apocrine and less often eccrine differentiation, arising from the sweat glands. It usually presents as a solitary slow growing nodule in the dermis or subcutaneous tissues. It is characterized by a nodular growth pattern and it is often associated with necrotic changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Eccrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hidradenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4170":{"preferredName":"Spiradenoma","code":"C4170","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm with eccrine or apocrine differentiation, arising from the sweat glands. It usually presents as a solitary, well circumscribed, firm nodule in the face and upper trunk. It is characterized by the presence of basaloid cells forming nodules in the dermis. Cases of carcinoma arising from long standing spiradenomas have been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Eccrine Spiradenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine Spiradenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spiradenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C5117":{"preferredName":"Spiradenocarcinoma","code":"C5117","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare, aggressive carcinoma of the sweat glands arising from malignant transformation of a long standing spiradenoma. It usually grows in the upper extremities, lower extremities, trunk, and head and neck. It has the tendency to recur and metastasize most often to the lymph nodes, bones, and lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Eccrine Spiradenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Spiradenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spiradenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3760":{"preferredName":"Hidrocystoma","code":"C3760","definitions":[{"description":"A benign cystic proliferation of the sweat glands with apocrine or eccrine differentiation. It usually presents as a dome-shaped, cystic papular or nodular lesion usually in the face and neck. It is a unilocular or mutlilocular lesion lined by an inner and an outer layer of epithelium. Complete excision is usually curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hidrocystoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrocystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7565":{"preferredName":"Eccrine Hidrocystoma","code":"C7565","definitions":[{"description":"A benign sweat gland cystic lesion that arises from the dermis. It is lined by a thin epithelial layer of cells with a slightly eosinophilic cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eccrine Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine Hidrocystoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4171":{"preferredName":"Papillary Hidradenoma","code":"C4171","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It presents as a slow growing cystic nodular lesion most often in the skin of the vulva and the perianal region. It is characterized by the presence of cystic and large papillary structures. The papillary structures contain connective tissue and are covered by two layers of epithelium. Complete excision is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hidradenoma Papilliferum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Hidradenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4172":{"preferredName":"Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum","code":"C4172","definitions":[{"description":"A benign adnexal neoplasm occurring during childhood or adolescence. It usually presents as a papular lesion or a plaque on the head and neck. It may arise in an organoid nevus such as sebaceous. It is characterized by an endophytic invagination of the epithelium into the dermis. There are dermal cystic spaces present, containing villous projections. Complete excision is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Syringadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Syringocystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syringadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3761":{"preferredName":"Syringoma","code":"C3761","definitions":[{"description":"A benign sweat gland neoplasm usually affecting the lower eyelids and upper cheeks. The lesions are papular and are usually numerous. Morphologically, there are nests, cords, and tubules of epithelial cells present, surrounded by a dense stroma in the reticular dermis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eccrine Syringoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syringoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7581":{"preferredName":"Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma","code":"C7581","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade adenocarcinoma with ductal differentiation, arising from the sweat glands. It presents as a scar usually in the face. It is characterized by the formation of small ducts and it frequently involves nerves and perineural spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eccrine Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syringomatous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4173":{"preferredName":"Papillary Eccrine Adenoma","code":"C4173","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It is characterized by the presence of eccrine ducts in the dermis containing intraluminal papillary projections.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eccrine Papillary Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Eccrine Adenoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27534":{"preferredName":"Digital Papillary Eccrine Carcinoma","code":"C27534","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma arising from the sweat glands. Most cases present as nodular lesions on the digits, usually in the hands. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial cells in the dermis forming nodules. Cystic structures containing papillary projections are also present. It may recur and metastasize, most commonly to the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Digital Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Digital Papillary Eccrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Digital Eccrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27273":{"preferredName":"Poroma","code":"C27273","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, well circumscribed sweat gland neoplasm with eccrine or apocrine differentiation. It usually presents as a solitary, dome-shaped papule, nodule, or plaque on acral sites. It is characterized by a proliferation of uniform basaloid cells in the dermis and it is associated with the presence of focal ductal and cystic structures. Complete excision is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eccrine Poroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C5560":{"preferredName":"Eccrine Porocarcinoma","code":"C5560","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma with eccrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands. It may arise de novo or as a malignant transformation of a pre-existing poroma. It usually grows in the legs, buttocks, feet, and trunk and usually presents as an ulcerative plaque. It is characterized by the presence of intraepidermal and dermal nests of malignant epithelial cells. It may recur after excision and metastasize to the lymph nodes and less frequently to distal anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eccrine Porocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermotropic Eccrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Eccrine Poroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4174":{"preferredName":"Sebaceous Adenoma","code":"C4174","definitions":[{"description":"A benign adenoma neoplasm with sebaceous differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, well circumscribed neoplasm arising from the sebaceous glands. It usually presents as a small yellowish tumor in the sun exposed skin of head and neck. It is characterized by the presence of sebaceous cells aggregates with a peripheral rim of basaloid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, SEBACEOUS, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma, Sebaceous Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Appendage Sebaceous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skin Appendage Sebaceous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4346":{"preferredName":"Skin Basal Cell Carcinoma with Sebaceous Differentiation","code":"C4346","definitions":[{"description":"A basal cell carcinoma of the skin that is characterized by sebaceous differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basal Cell Carcinoma with Sebaceous Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Epithelioma with Sebaceous Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basosebaceous Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Basal Cell Carcinoma with Sebaceous Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40310":{"preferredName":"Sebaceous Carcinoma","code":"C40310","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant adenocarcinoma with sebaceous differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An adenocarcinoma with sebaceous differentiation. It presents as a painless mass and it may be multifocal. It grows in the ocular adnexae and in the skin of head and neck, trunk, genitals, and extremities. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells with multivesicular and clear cytoplasm. It may recur and metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOCARCINOMA, SEBACEOUS, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, Sebaceous Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6088":{"preferredName":"External Auditory Canal Ceruminous Adenoma","code":"C6088","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm derived from ceruminous glands in the external auditory canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm derived from ceruminous glands in the external auditory canal. It presents as a grey mass covered by skin. It is characterized by a proliferation of glands composed of cells with abundant eosinophilic and granular cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, CERUMINOUS GLAND, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ceruminoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ceruminoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ceruminous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ceruminous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ceruminous Adenoma of External Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ceruminous Adenoma of External Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ceruminous Adenoma of the External Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ceruminous Adenoma of the External Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Auditory Canal Ceruminous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4176":{"preferredName":"Ceruminous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4176","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm derived from ceruminous glands in the external auditory canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An infiltrating adenocarcinoma derived from ceruminous glands in the external auditory canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, CERUMINOUS GLAND, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ceruminous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3772":{"preferredName":"Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma","code":"C3772","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma morphologically characterized the presence of cuboidal mucous cells, goblet-like mucous cells, squamoid cells, cystic changes, and a fibrotic stromal formation. It can occur in several anatomic sites, including parotid gland, oral cavity, paranasal sinus, skin, breast, lung, larynx, and lacrimal ducts. It is classified as low or high grade.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2972":{"preferredName":"Cystadenoma","code":"C2972","definitions":[{"description":"A benign cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from glandular epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign or borderline cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium. The epithelial cells line the cystic spaces which contain serous or mucinous fluid. Representative examples include ovarian and pancreatic cystadenomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYSTADENOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2971":{"preferredName":"Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C2971","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from glandular epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium. The malignant epithelial cells invade the stroma. The cystic spaces contain serous or mucinous fluid. Representative examples include ovarian and pancreatic cystadenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYSTADENOCARCINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3783":{"preferredName":"Serous Cystadenoma","code":"C3783","definitions":[{"description":"A serous neoplasm in which the cysts and papillae are lined by a single layer of cells without atypia, architectural complexity or invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous Cystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3778":{"preferredName":"Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C3778","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant serous cystic neoplasm usually involving the ovary or the pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of invasive malignant glandular epithelial cells which often form papillary structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4177":{"preferredName":"Borderline Serous Cystadenoma","code":"C4177","definitions":[{"description":"A serous cystic glandular epithelial neoplasm of low malignant potential. It is characterized by the presence of atypical or malignant glandular epithelial cells with an absence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Malignancy Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous Tumor of Borderline Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2974":{"preferredName":"Papillary Cystadenoma","code":"C2974","definitions":[{"description":"A benign cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from glandular epithelium exhibiting papillary structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A serous or mucinous benign or low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYSTADENOMA, PAPILLARY, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Papillary Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3777":{"preferredName":"Papillary Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C3777","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from glandular epithelium exhibiting papillary structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant cystic serous or mucinous epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures. Stromal invasion is present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYSTADENOCARCINOMA, PAPILLARY, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Papillary Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4178":{"preferredName":"Borderline Papillary Cystadenoma","code":"C4178","definitions":[{"description":"A serous or mucinous cystic glandular epithelial neoplasm of low malignant potential. It is characterized by the presence of atypical or malignant glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures with an absence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Malignancy Papillary Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Papillary Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Papillary Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4179":{"preferredName":"Papillary Cystic Neoplasm","code":"C4179","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, malignant, or borderline neoplasm characterized by the presence of papillary mucinous, serous, or clear cell structures and cystic structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Cystic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Cystic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C41251":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia","code":"C41251","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that exhibit loss of polarity, nuclear stratification, hyperchromasia, and pleomorphism. There is severe architectural atypia and frequent mitotic figures present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Non-Invasive Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45754":{"preferredName":"Cystic Tumor of the Atrioventricular Node","code":"C45754","definitions":[{"description":"A multicystic tumor arising in the inferior interatrial septum in the region of the atrioventricular node. The vast majority of patients present with complete heart block and a minority with partial heart block. Sudden death is reported in approximately 10% of the cases. It is a morphologically benign tumor composed of cuboidal, transitional, or squamoid cells. The cells may also show sebaceous differentiation and originate from the endoderm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Mesothelioma of Mahaim","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Tumor of Atrioventricular Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Tumor of the Atrioventricular Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endodermal Rest","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracardiac Endodermal Heterotopia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma of Atrioventricular Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tawarian Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4180":{"preferredName":"Papillary Serous Cystadenoma","code":"C4180","definitions":[{"description":"A serous benign or low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8377":{"preferredName":"Papillary Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C8377","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive cancer that usually affects the uterus/endometrium, peritoneum, or ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant cystic serous epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures. Stromal invasion is present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Serous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Serous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"papillary serous carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6882":{"preferredName":"Micropapillary Serous Carcinoma","code":"C6882","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of complex micropapillary structures covered by round and cuboidal cells with a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Micropapillary Serous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary Serous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4181":{"preferredName":"Serous Surface Papilloma","code":"C4181","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive papillary serous epithelial neoplasm usually arising from the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serous Surface Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4182":{"preferredName":"Serous Surface Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C4182","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive serous adenocarcinoma arising from the ovary. Cases with identical morphology have been described arising in the peritoneum, almost exclusively in women. Morphologically, it may be a well, moderately, or poorly differentiated neoplasm. It is characterized by a papillary growth pattern often associated with the presence of psammoma bodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serous Surface Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7695":{"preferredName":"Primary Peritoneal Serous Papillary Adenocarcinoma","code":"C7695","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, serous papillary adenocarcinoma that arises from the lining of the peritoneum. It affects females. The clinical behavior and pathologic characteristics are similar to the serous papillary adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Primary Peritoneal Serous Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Peritoneal Serous Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Serous Papillary Carcinoma of Peritoneum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4183":{"preferredName":"Borderline Papillary Serous Cystadenoma","code":"C4183","definitions":[{"description":"A low malignant potential cystic serous epithelial neoplasm arising from the ovary. Cases with identical morphology have been described arising from the peritoneum as well. It is characterized by an atypical epithelial proliferation and a papillary growth pattern. There is no evidence of destructive stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Malignancy Papillary Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Papillary Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Borderline Papillary Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Papillary Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Papillary Serous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Papillary Serous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Serous Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Serous Tumor of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2973":{"preferredName":"Mucinous Cystadenoma","code":"C2973","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, cystic epithelial neoplasm comprising cells containing intracytoplasmic mucin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign or low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm composed of cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. It may arise from the ovary, pancreas, appendix, and lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, MUCINOUS, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucinous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucinous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Cystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucinous Cystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pseudomucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pseudomucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6883":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Mucinous-Cystic Neoplasm with Intermediate Grade Dysplasia","code":"C6883","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the pancreas and is characterized by the presence of moderate dysplasia. The neoplastic columnar mucin-producing epithelial cells form papillary projections or crypt-like invaginations. There is cellular pseudostratification and mitotic activity present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm of Pancreas with Moderate Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm of the Pancreas with Moderate Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Cystic Tumor of Pancreas with Moderate Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Cystic Tumor of the Pancreas with Moderate Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Cystic Tumor with Moderate Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Borderline Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Low Grade Malignant Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm with Intermediate Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm with Intermediate-Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm with Moderate Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Tumor with Moderate Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mucinous-Cystic Neoplasm with Intermediate Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3776":{"preferredName":"Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C3776","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by cystic changes and the presence of malignant glandular cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. It may arise from the ovary, pancreas, appendix, and lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pseudomucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pseudomucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4184":{"preferredName":"Papillary Mucinous Cystadenoma","code":"C4184","definitions":[{"description":"A usually benign and less often low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm composed of cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. It is characterized by the presence of papillary structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Mucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Pseudomucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65204":{"preferredName":"Papillary Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C65204","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by cystic changes, papillary growth pattern, and the presence of malignant glandular cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4186":{"preferredName":"Borderline Papillary Mucinous Cystadenoma","code":"C4186","definitions":[{"description":"A low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm usually arising from the ovary. It is composed of glandular cells with intracytoplasmic mucin. It is characterized by an atypical epithelial proliferation and a papillary growth pattern. There is no evidence of destructive stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Malignancy Papillary Mucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Malignancy Papillary Pseudomucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Papillary Mucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Papillary Pseudomucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Papillary Mucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Papillary Pseudomucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Mucinous Tumor of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C42598":{"preferredName":"Low-Grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm","code":"C42598","definitions":[{"description":"A well differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma that arises from the appendix. It is characterized by slow growth and it is associated with the development of pseudomyxoma peritonei. Unlike the high grade mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix, it usually does not spread beyond the peritoneum and it does not metastasize to distant anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Appendix Well Differentiated Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAMN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Appendix Mucinous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Appendix Mucinous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26712":{"preferredName":"Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C26712","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer that begins in cells that line certain internal organs and produce mucin (the main component of mucus).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An adenocarcinoma comprising neoplastic glandular cells containing intracytoplasmic mucin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma composed of malignant glandular cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. Often, the infiltrating glandular structures are associated with mucoid stromal formation. It may arise from the large and small intestine, appendix, stomach, lung, ovary, breast, corpus uteri, cervix, vagina, and salivary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOCARCINOMA, MUCINOUS, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Colloid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Colloid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colloid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Colloid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gelatinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gelatinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gelatinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gelatinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucoid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucoid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mucinous carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3345":{"preferredName":"Pseudomyxoma Peritonei","code":"C3345","definitions":[{"description":"A build-up of mucus in the peritoneal cavity. The mucus may come from ruptured ovarian cysts, from the appendix, or from other abdominal tissues. Mucus-secreting cells may attach to the peritoneal lining and continue to secrete mucus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A usually well differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma of the peritoneum. The majority of cases represent tumor spread from a primary low grade mucinous neoplasm of the appendix. Cases of pseudomyxoma peritonei associated with mucinous adenocarcinomas of the gallbladder, stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, lung, breast, and fallopian tubes have also been reported. In the past, the ovary has been considered as a common primary site associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei. However, there is recent evidence based on immunohistochemistry and molecular genetic analysis suggesting that most cases of pseudomyxoma peritonei probably represent metastasis from an appendiceal and not ovarian primary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gelatinous Ascites","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Ascites","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoma Peritonei","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peritoneal Cavity Pseudomyxoma Peritonei","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pseudomyxoma Peritonei","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pseudomyxoma Peritonei","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Peritoneal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pseudomyxoma peritonei","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C27379":{"preferredName":"Mucin-Producing Adenocarcinoma","code":"C27379","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma composed of malignant glandular cells which produce mucin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucin-Producing Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27825":{"preferredName":"Mucin-Producing Carcinoma","code":"C27825","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that produces mucin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucin-Producing Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mucin-Producing Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66953":{"preferredName":"Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Endocervical Type","code":"C66953","definitions":[{"description":"A mucinous adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells which resemble the endocervical epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Endocervical Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3774":{"preferredName":"Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma","code":"C3774","definitions":[{"description":"A highly malignant type of cancer typically found in glandular cells that line the digestive organs. The cells resemble signet rings when examined under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A usually aggressive, poorly differentiated invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells in which the nucleus is pressed to one side by the presence of intracytoplasmic mucus. It may arise from the stomach, small and large intestine, ampulla of Vater, appendix, gallbladder, pancreas, lung, bladder, breast, and prostate gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Signet Ring Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"signet ring cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C66717":{"preferredName":"Metastatic Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma","code":"C66717","definitions":[{"description":"A signet ring cell carcinoma which has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metastatic Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3153":{"preferredName":"Krukenberg Tumor","code":"C3153","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor in the ovary caused by the spread of stomach cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Metastatic signet-ring cell carcinoma to the ovary. The primary site is the gastrointestinal tract or breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Krukenberg Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Krukenberg Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Krukenberg tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2924":{"preferredName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C2924","definitions":[{"description":"A noninvasive condition in which abnormal cells are found in the lining of a breast duct. The abnormal cells have not spread outside the duct to other tissues in the breast. In some cases, ductal carcinoma in situ may become invasive cancer and spread to other tissues, although it is not known at this time how to predict which lesions will become invasive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma entirely confined to the mammary ducts. It is also known as DCIS. There is no evidence of invasion of the basement membrane. Currently, it is classified into three categories: High-grade DCIS, intermediate-grade DCIS and low-grade DCIS. In this classification the DCIS grade is defined by a combination of nuclear grade, architectural growth pattern and presence of necrosis. The size of the lesion as well as the grade and the clearance margins play a major role in dictating the most appropriate therapy for DCIS.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DCIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DCIS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Intraductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Adenocarcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Adenocarcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Intraductal Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Intraductal Adenocarcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Intraductal Adenocarcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Intraductal Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Intraductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Adenocarcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Adenocarcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Intraductal Adenocarcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Intraductal Adenocarcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Intraductal Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ductal carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"intraductal carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7949":{"preferredName":"High Grade Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C7949","definitions":[{"description":"A type of ductal carcinoma in situ (very early-stage breast cancer).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A ductal carcinoma in situ characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with severe dysplasia and the formation of micropapillary, cribriform, or solid patterns. The nuclei show marked pleomorphism and have prominent nucleoli. Mitotic activity is usually present. There is comedo-type of necrosis present in the ducts. The necrotic debris is surrounded by pleomorphic malignant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Comedocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCIS Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIN 3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"High Grade Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade DCIS of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade DCIS of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"comedo carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4194":{"preferredName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C4194","definitions":[{"description":"The most common type of invasive breast cancer. It starts in the cells that line the milk ducts in the breast, grows outside the ducts, and often spreads to the lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The most common type of invasive breast carcinoma, accounting for approximately 70% of breast carcinomas. The gross appearance is usually typical with an irregular stellate outline. Microscopically, randomly arranged epithelial elements are seen. When large sheets of malignant cells are present, necrosis may be seen. With adequate tissue sampling, in situ carcinoma can be demonstrated in association with the infiltrating carcinoma. The in situ component is nearly always ductal but occasionally may be lobular or both.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, NST","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, No Specific Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"infiltrating ductal carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4017":{"preferredName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma","code":"C4017","definitions":[{"description":"The most common type of breast cancer. It begins in the cells that line the milk ducts in the breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A breast carcinoma arising from the ducts. While ductal carcinomas can arise at other sites, this term is universally used to refer to carcinomas of the breast. Ductal carcinomas account for about two thirds of all breast cancers. Two types of ductal carcinomas have been described: ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinoma. The latter often spreads to the axillary lymph nodes and other anatomic sites. The two forms of ductal carcinoma often coexist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duct Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ductal carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4188":{"preferredName":"Comedocarcinoma","code":"C4188","definitions":[{"description":"A high grade carcinoma characterized by the presence of comedo-type of tumor cell necrosis in which the necrotic areas are surrounded by a solid proliferation of malignant pleomorphic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Comedo Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Comedocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Comedocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4189":{"preferredName":"Secretory Breast Carcinoma","code":"C4189","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, low grade invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by the presence of cells that secrete milk-like material. Morphologically, it usually appears as a circumscribed lesion, composed of cystic spaces, tubular structures, and solid areas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystic Hypersecretory Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Hypersecretory Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Hypersecretory Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Cystic Hypersecretory Duct Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Cystic Hypersecretory Duct Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Secretory Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Secretory Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Secretory Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secretory Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secretory Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secretory Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secretory Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3785":{"preferredName":"Intraductal Papilloma","code":"C3785","definitions":[{"description":"A benign (not cancer), wart-like growth in a milk duct of the breast. It is usually found close to the nipple and may cause a discharge from the nipple. It may also cause pain and a lump in the breast that can be felt. It usually affects women aged 35-55 years. Having a single papilloma does not increase the risk of breast cancer. When there are multiple intraductal papillomas, they are usually found farther from the nipple. There may not be a nipple discharge and the papillomas may not be felt. Having multiple intraductal papillomas may increase the risk of breast cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An intraluminal papillary epithelial neoplasm arising within the ducts. Representative examples are the intraductal breast papilloma and the salivary gland intraductal papilloma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duct Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"intraductal papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C96877":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C96877","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive, papillary epithelial neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the gallbladder. It is characterized by the presence of mild epithelial atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gallbladder Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96807":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C96807","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive, papillary epithelial neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts. It is characterized by the presence of mild epithelial atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Duct Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4190":{"preferredName":"Intraductal Papillary Breast Carcinoma","code":"C4190","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive breast adenocarcinoma located in a distended duct. It is characterized by the presence of papillary structures with fibrovascular stalks. In the absence of ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive carcinoma in adjacent tissues, the prognosis is usually favorable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Intraductal Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Intraductal Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Papillary Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Papillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Intraductal Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Intraductal Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Papillary Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Papillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96809":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Papillary Neoplasm with High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C96809","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive, papillary epithelial neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts. It is characterized by the presence of severe epithelial atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Duct Papillary Neoplasm with High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm with High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7439":{"preferredName":"Intraductal Papillary Adenocarcinoma with Invasion","code":"C7439","definitions":[{"description":"A breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of an intraductal papillary carcinomatous component and an invasive carcinomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Adenocarcinoma with Invasion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7438":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Papillary Adenocarcinoma","code":"C7438","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that has papillary growth and invades the wall and/or the surrounding tissues of the organ it originates from.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4191":{"preferredName":"Intracystic Papilloma","code":"C4191","definitions":[{"description":"A papillary epithelial neoplasm arising in a cystically dilated breast duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intracystic Papillary Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7645":{"preferredName":"Intracystic Papillary Breast Carcinoma","code":"C7645","definitions":[{"description":"An intraductal breast carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth within a large cystic duct. There is no evidence of invasion of the breast parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intracystic Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic Papillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noninfiltrating Intracystic Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7363":{"preferredName":"Intraductal Papillomatosis","code":"C7363","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic process characterized by the presence of multiple intraductal papillomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraductal Papillomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4192":{"preferredName":"Nipple Adenoma","code":"C4192","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the nipple. Signs and symptoms include serous or sanguineous nipple discharge and nipple erosion. It is characterized by the presence of aggregates of small tubules replacing the nipple stroma. The tubules are lined by epithelial and myoepithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoma of Nipple","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Nipple","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nipple Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillomatosis, Subareolar Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subareolar Duct Papillomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66718":{"preferredName":"Medullary Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C66718","definitions":[{"description":"A term referring to medullary carcinomas which can develop in various anatomic sites such as the thyroid gland, breast, colon, rectum, and small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4018":{"preferredName":"Lobular Breast Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C4018","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which abnormal cells are found in the lobules of the breast. Lobular carcinoma in situ seldom becomes invasive cancer; however, having it in one breast increases the risk of developing breast cancer in either breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by a proliferation of monomorphic cells completely filling the lumina. The overall lobular architecture is preserved. It is frequently multifocal (90% in some series) and bilateral. It seldom becomes invasive; however there is an increased risk of infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LCIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LCIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Ca in situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Ca in situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast (LCIS)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma in situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lobular carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3771":{"preferredName":"Lobular Breast Carcinoma","code":"C3771","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that begins in the lobules (the glands that make milk) of the breast. Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a condition in which abnormal cells are found only in the lobules. When cancer has spread from the lobules to surrounding tissues, it is invasive lobular carcinoma. LCIS does not become invasive lobular carcinoma very often, but having LCIS in one breast increases the risk of developing invasive cancer in either breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An adenocarcinoma of the breast arising from the lobules. This is a relatively uncommon carcinoma, represents approximately 10% of the breast adenocarcinomas and is often bilateral or multifocal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lobular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lobular carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7950":{"preferredName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","code":"C7950","definitions":[{"description":"An infiltrating lobular adenocarcinoma of the breast. The malignant cells lack cohesion and are arranged individually or in a linear manner (Indian files), or as narrow trabeculae within the stroma. The malignant cells are usually smaller than those of ductal carcinoma, are less pleomorphic, and have fewer mitotic figures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classic Invasive Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Lobular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Carcinoma, Classic Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4195":{"preferredName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ and Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C4195","definitions":[{"description":"The co-existence of ductal and lobular carcinoma in situ in the breast, without evidence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DCIS and LCIS of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCIS and LCIS of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ and Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ and Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma in situ with Lobular Carcinoma in situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma in situ with Lobular Carcinoma in situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal and Lobular Breast Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma in situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma in situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Carcinoma and Lobular Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal and Lobular Breast Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal and Lobular Carcinoma in situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal and Lobular Carcinoma in situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal and Non-Infiltrating Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal with Non-Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal with Non-Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma with Non-Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma with Non-Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma with Non-Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal and Non-Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal and Non-Invasive Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal with Non-Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7688":{"preferredName":"Invasive Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma","code":"C7688","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive ductal breast carcinoma associated with a lobular carcinomatous component. The lobular carcinomatous component may be in situ or invasive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Duct and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7689":{"preferredName":"Invasive Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C7689","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive ductal breast carcinoma associated with an in situ lobular carcinomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCIS and Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma in situ and Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma in situ and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6939":{"preferredName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ and Invasive Lobular Carcinoma","code":"C6939","definitions":[{"description":"A breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of a ductal carcinoma in situ component and an invasive lobular carcinomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DCIS and ILC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCIS and Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ and Invasive Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma in situ and Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma and ILC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma and Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7690":{"preferredName":"Intraductal and Lobular Carcinoma","code":"C7690","definitions":[{"description":"A breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of a ductal carcinoma in situ component and an in situ or invasive lobular carcinomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraductal and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C5160":{"preferredName":"Mixed Lobular and Ductal Breast Carcinoma","code":"C5160","definitions":[{"description":"A breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of a lobular and a ductal component. The ductal component comprises less than 50 percent of the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Ductal and Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Lobular and Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Lobular and Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Lobular and Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Lobular and Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C47857":{"preferredName":"Paget Disease of the Breast","code":"C47857","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm in which there is infiltration of the skin overlying the breast by neoplastic large cells with abundant pale cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli (Paget cells). It is almost always associated with an intraductal or invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. The clinical features include focal skin reddening, and eczema. Retraction of the nipple may sometimes occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mammary Paget's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget Disease of the Breast","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paget Disease of the Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3302":{"preferredName":"Extramammary Paget Disease","code":"C3302","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm in which there is infiltration of the skin by neoplastic large cells with abundant pale cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli (Paget cells). It may affect the anus, penis, scrotum, and vulva.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous Paget's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extramammary Paget Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extramammary Paget's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget Disease Extramammary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Skin Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4019":{"preferredName":"Paget Disease and Intraductal Carcinoma of the Breast","code":"C4019","definitions":[{"description":"Paget disease of the breast associated with the presence of a usually high grade ductal carcinoma in situ in the lactiferous glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Paget Disease and Intraductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paget Disease and Intraductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease and Intraductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease and Intraductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of Breast with Intraductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of the Breast with Intraductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4196":{"preferredName":"Acinar Cell Adenoma","code":"C4196","definitions":[{"description":"A benign glandular epithelial neoplasm comprising secretory cells forming acinar patterns.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign glandular epithelial neoplasm consisting of secretory cells forming acinar patterns.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, ACINAR CELL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinar Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinar Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinic Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinic Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3768":{"preferredName":"Acinar Cell Carcinoma","code":"C3768","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant glandular epithelial neoplasm comprising secretory cells forming acinar patterns.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant glandular epithelial neoplasm consisting of secretory cells forming acinar patterns. Representative examples include the acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas and the acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acinar Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinar Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinar Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinic Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinic Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinic Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinic Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, ACINAR CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C5727":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Acinar Cell Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C5727","definitions":[{"description":"A cystic adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of relatively uniform neoplastic cells which produce pancreatic enzymes and are arranged in acinar patterns. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea, and diarrhea. It usually has an aggressive clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acinar Cell Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Cystadenocarcinoma of Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Cystadenocarcinoma of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Acinar Cell Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Acinar Cell Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3727":{"preferredName":"Adenosquamous Carcinoma","code":"C3727","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer that contains two types of cells: squamous cells (thin, flat cells that line certain organs) and gland-like cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm composed of malignant glandular and malignant squamous cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A carcinoma composed of malignant glandular cells and malignant squamous cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenosquamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosquamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Adenosquamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, ADENOSQUAMOUS, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Epidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Epidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"adenosquamous carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2854":{"preferredName":"Warthin Tumor","code":"C2854","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma characterized by an oncocytic, often papillary, epithelial component, dense lymphoid stroma, and cystic spaces. It occurs primarily in the parotid gland, and is the second most common benign parotid salivary gland tumor. A strong association with smoking has been reported. It typically presents as a painless swelling in the lower portion of the parotid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenolymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Cystadenoma Lymphomatosum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Warthin Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Warthin's Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4199":{"preferredName":"Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma","code":"C4199","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm which occurs mostly in the major salivary glands (most frequently in the parotid gland), but also in the minor salivary glands of the oral mucosa and the tracheobronchial tree. It is characterized by the presence of ductal structures which are lined by an inner layer of cuboidal epithelial-type cells and an outer layer of myoepithelial cells with clear or eosinophilic cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4200":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma with Squamous Metaplasia","code":"C4200","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from glandular cells that includes focal or extensive areas of squamous metaplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of focal or extensive transformation of malignant glandular cells to squamous epithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOACANTHOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoacanthoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoacanthoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Squamous Metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Squamous Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7683":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma with Cartilaginous and Osseous Metaplasia","code":"C7683","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by focal or extensive cartilage and/or bone formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Cartilaginous and Osseous Metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Cartilaginous and Osseous Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7685":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma with Cartilaginous Metaplasia","code":"C7685","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of cartilaginous metaplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Cartilaginous Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7684":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma with Osseous Metaplasia","code":"C7684","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of osseous metaplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Osseous Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4201":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma with Spindle Cell Metaplasia","code":"C4201","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by focal or extensive transformation of the malignant glandular cells to spindle-shaped cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Spindle Cell Metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Spindle Cell Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4202":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma with Apocrine Metaplasia","code":"C4202","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by focal or extensive transformation of the malignant glandular cells to cells with abundant, usually granular eosinophilic cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Apocrine Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66745":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma with Neuroendocrine Differentiation","code":"C66745","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of focal or extensive neurosecretory cell differentiation with the formation of organoid patterns.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Neuroendocrine Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27949":{"preferredName":"Metaplastic Carcinoma","code":"C27949","definitions":[{"description":"A general term used to describe cancer that begins in cells that have changed into another cell type (for example, a squamous cell of the esophagus changing to resemble a cell of the stomach). In some cases, metaplastic changes alone may mean there is an increased chance of cancer developing at the site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A general term used to describe carcinomas arising from epithelial cells that have been transformed into another cells type (metaplastic epithelial cells). A representative example is the adenocarcinoma arising in Barrett esophagus. This term is also used to describe carcinomas in which the malignant epithelial cells show differentiation towards another cell type. A representative example of the latter is the metaplastic breast carcinoma in which the malignant glandular cells show squamous, spindle cell, or chondroid/osseous differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metaplastic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metaplastic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Metaplastic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"metaplastic carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C66950":{"preferredName":"Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma","code":"C66950","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma with morphologic characteristics similar to hepatocellular carcinoma, arising from an anatomic site other than the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6450":{"preferredName":"Thymus Epithelial Neoplasm","code":"C6450","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm that affects the thymus gland. This category includes thymomas and carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelial Neoplasm of Thymus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Neoplasm of the Thymus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Tumor of Thymus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Tumor of the Thymus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymic Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymic Epithelium Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymus Epithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymus Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymus Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66746":{"preferredName":"Benign Thymoma","code":"C66746","definitions":[{"description":"A thymoma that is completely surrounded by a capsule, without evidence of capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues, and metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Thymoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7612":{"preferredName":"Malignant Thymoma","code":"C7612","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the thymus, originating from epithelial thymus cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A thymoma that has an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize. Although any morphologic subtype of thymoma may eventually have a malignant clinical course, this term is most often associated with thymoma types B3 and C.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Thymoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THYMOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C6454":{"preferredName":"Thymoma Type A","code":"C6454","definitions":[{"description":"A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle and/or oval neoplastic epithelial cells. Lymphocytic infiltration is minimal or absent. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis or pure red cell aplasia. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I tumors. Approximately 20% of the cases occur as stage II or stage III tumors. Type A thymoma generally behaves as a benign tumor and the overall survival is reported to be 100% at 5 and 10 years.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medullary Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7999":{"preferredName":"Malignant Type A Thymoma","code":"C7999","definitions":[{"description":"A type A thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Type A Thymoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Type A Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6885":{"preferredName":"Thymoma Type AB","code":"C6885","definitions":[{"description":"A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of a lymphocyte-poor component similar to that seen in type A thymoma and a lymphocyte-rich component which contains neoplastic small polygonal epithelial cells. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis and pure red cell aplasia. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I tumors. A minority of the cases occur as stage II or stage III tumors. The overall survival is reported to be 80-100% at 5 and 10 years.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Type Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type AB","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type AB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6886":{"preferredName":"Malignant Type AB Thymoma","code":"C6886","definitions":[{"description":"A type AB thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Type AB Thymoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Type AB Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6887":{"preferredName":"Thymoma Type B1","code":"C6887","definitions":[{"description":"A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of expanded areas which resemble the normal thymic cortex. The neoplastic epithelial cells are small and scant and there is a dense T-lymphocytic component present. Areas of medullary differentiation with or without Hassall's corpuscles are also present. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It has a low grade malignant potential. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I tumors. A minority of the cases occur as stage II tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Predominant Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Rich Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organoid Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predominantly Cortical Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type B1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type B1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7996":{"preferredName":"Malignant Type B1 Thymoma","code":"C7996","definitions":[{"description":"A type B1 thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Type B1 Thymoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Type B1 Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6888":{"preferredName":"Thymoma Type B2","code":"C6888","definitions":[{"description":"A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic large, polygonal epithelial cells with large vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. The neoplastic cells are arranged around perivascular spaces and along septa. Immature T-lymphocytes are also present. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It is a tumor of moderate malignancy. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I, stage II, or stage III tumors. Metastatic, stage IV tumors occur less frequently.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cortical Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polygonal Cell Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type B2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type B2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6889":{"preferredName":"Malignant Type B2 Thymoma","code":"C6889","definitions":[{"description":"A type B2 thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Type B2 Thymoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Type B2 Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7997":{"preferredName":"Thymoma Type B3","code":"C7997","definitions":[{"description":"Also known as well-differentiated thymic carcinoma, atypical thymoma, or epithelial thymoma, this type of thymoma displays morphologic characteristics of a well-differentiated carcinoma. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage II or stage III tumors. It is almost always invasive, it recurs frequently, and metastasizes in approximately 20% of the cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Malignant Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Thymoma Type B3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamoid Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type B3","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type B3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well-Differentiated Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7569":{"preferredName":"Thymic Carcinoma","code":"C7569","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of thymus gland cancer. It usually spreads, has a high risk of recurrence, and has a poor survival rate. Thymic carcinoma is divided into subtypes, depending on the types of cells in which the cancer began.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A diverse group of carcinomas of the thymus gland, previously known as thymoma type C. It includes morphologic variants derived from purely epithelial cells, as well as from cells with neuroendocrine differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymic Carcinoma (Excluding Well Differentiated Thymic Carcinoma)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymic Carcinoma Excluding Well Differentiated Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type C","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"thymic carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"type C thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C53595":{"preferredName":"Ectopic Hamartomatous Thymoma","code":"C53595","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, well-circumscribed tumor of the neck occurring in adults. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells, epithelial islands, and adipose tissue. There is no evidence of thymic origin or differentiation, despite the use of the term thymoma in the literature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Branchial Anlage Mixed Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ectopic Hamartomatous Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C46105":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Spindle Cell Tumor with Thymus-Like Differentiation","code":"C46105","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, slow growing, primary malignant tumor of the thyroid gland characterized by a lobulated architectural pattern and the presence of a biphasic cellular population composed of spindle epithelial cells and glandular cells. A small number of cases are composed exclusively of spindle epithelial cells or glandular cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SETTLE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Spindle Cell Tumor with Thymus-Like Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C46106":{"preferredName":"Intrathyroid Thymic Carcinoma","code":"C46106","definitions":[{"description":"A rare primary carcinoma of the thyroid gland, composed of groups of carcinoma cells with thymic epithelial differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CASTLE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intrathyroid Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Carcinoma Showing Thymus-Like Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3794":{"preferredName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","code":"C3794","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of cancer that forms in the tissues that support the ovaries or testes. These tumors may release sex hormones. Sex cord-gonadal stromal tumors include granulosa cell, Sertoli cell, and Leydig cell tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tumor arising in the ovary or testis. It is composed of one or more of the following: granulosa cells, Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, and/or fibroblasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A neoplasm arising in the ovary or testis. It is composed of granulosa cells, Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, and fibroblasts. Each of these cell types may constitute the only cellular component that is present in the neoplasm or it may be mixed with other cell types in various combinations. The prognosis can not always be predicted on histologic grounds alone. Approximately, 10% of these tumors may metastasize. Representative examples include granulosa cell tumor, Leydig cell tumor, Sertoli cell tumor, and tumors of the thecoma-fibroma group.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"sex cord tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sex cord-stromal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4862":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","code":"C4862","definitions":[{"description":"A sex cord-stromal tumor that occurs in the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is composed of granulosa cells, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, theca cells, and fibroblasts. Representative examples include thecoma, fibroma, Sertoli cell tumor, and granulosa cell tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66748":{"preferredName":"Testicular Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumor, Incompletely Differentiated","code":"C66748","definitions":[{"description":"A sex cord-stromal tumor of the testis in which the neoplastic cells do not show specific differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumor, Incompletely Differentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumor, Incompletely Differentiated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66991":{"preferredName":"Testicular Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumor, Mixed Forms","code":"C66991","definitions":[{"description":"A sex cord-stromal tumor of the testis which may contain any combination of cell types, for example Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and granulosa cells. Symptoms include testicular swelling and gynecomastia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumor, Mixed Forms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumor, Mixed Forms","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66749":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Stromal Tumor with Minor Sex Cord Elements","code":"C66749","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, benign sex cord-stromal tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of a fibrothecomatous stroma and scattered sex cord elements. Although it is usually hormonally inactive, cases associated with endometrial hyperplasia or adenocarcinoma have been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Stromal Tumor with Minor Sex Cord Elements","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stromal Tumor with Minor Sex Cord Elements","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3405":{"preferredName":"Thecoma","code":"C3405","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian or testicular stromal tumor characterized by the presence of lipid-rich neoplastic spindle cells. In females, uterine bleeding is the most common symptom. A minority of post-menopausal women with thecoma have an associated endometrial adenocarcinoma or rarely a malignant mixed mullerian tumor or endometrial stromal sarcoma. Rare cases with nuclear atypia and mitotic activity may metastasize. In males, thecomas are rare and they usually present as slow growing, sometimes painful masses. Metastases have not been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thecoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6929":{"preferredName":"Malignant Ovarian Thecoma","code":"C6929","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant sex-cord neoplasm of the ovary, originating from theca cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A thecoma of the ovary which may metastasize to another anatomic site. It is usually characterized by nuclear atypia and mitotic activity. Malignant thecomas are rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Thecal Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Thecal Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Thecal Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Thecal Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Thecoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecoma of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecoma of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecoma of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecoma of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THECOMA, OVARIAN, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thecoma, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C4203":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Luteinized Thecoma","code":"C4203","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of ovarian thecoma characterized by the presence of lutein cells. It is associated with a lower frequency of estrogenic manifestations compared to typical thecomas. In a minority of cases androgenic manifestations are present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Luteinized Ovarian Thecoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luteinized Thecoma of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luteinized Thecoma of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Luteinized Thecoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4204":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Sclerosing Stromal Tumor","code":"C4204","definitions":[{"description":"A benign ovarian stromal tumor characterized by the presence of cellular areas which contain fibroblasts and round cells. The cellular areas are separated by sclerotic or edematous hypocellular tissue. Symptoms include abdominal discomfort and menstrual abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Sclerosing Stromal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sclerosing Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Stromal Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Stromal Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Stromal Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Stromal Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3202":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Stromal Luteoma","code":"C3202","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the ovary, composed of leuteinized granulosa-theca cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign ovarian stromal tumor in which more than 90% of the tumor cells resemble steroid hormone-secreting cells. Crystals of Reinke are not present. It occurs in post-menopausal women and it is usually associated with estrogenic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LUTEOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Luteal Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Luteal Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luteal Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Luteal Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luteinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Luteinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luteoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Luteoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Stroma Luteoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ovarian Stromal Luteoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66750":{"preferredName":"Adult Type Granulosa Cell Tumor","code":"C66750","definitions":[{"description":"A granulosa cell tumor occurring in the ovary and rarely in the testis. It is composed of granulosa cells in an often fibrothecomatous stroma. The neoplastic cells may form various patterns including the microfollicular, which is characterized by the presence of Call-Exner bodies, macrofollicular, insular, trabecular, and diffuse pattern. In females, it affects middle aged to post-menopausal women. Signs and symptoms include abdominal mass, hemoperitoneum, and ascites. Estrogenic and rarely androgenic manifestations may be present. The vast majority of cases present as stage I tumors; however, all tumors have a potential for aggressive clinical course. In males, it is reported in the age range of 16-76 years and the average age at presentation is 44 years. A minority of patients have gynecomastia. Metastases have been reported in a minority of patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Type Granulosa Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3070":{"preferredName":"Granulosa Cell Tumor","code":"C3070","definitions":[{"description":"A slow-growing, malignant tumor that is characterized by the presence of granulosa-like cells, and which is almost always found in the ovary. In rare cases, it has also been found in the testicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of slow-growing, malignant tumor that usually affects the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A slow-growing, malignant tumor, characterized by the presence of granulosa-like cells and Call-Exner bodies, that is almost always found in the ovary. In rare cases, it has also been found in the testicle. There are two types of granulosa cell tumors that can be distinguished under the microscope: the adult and the juvenile. The testicular juvenile granulosa cell tumors are perhaps the most common congenital testicular neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Granulosa Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granulosa Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granulosa Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"granulosa cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4205":{"preferredName":"Malignant Granulosa Cell Tumor","code":"C4205","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the ovary, originating from granulosa cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A granulosa cell tumor which has an aggressive clinical course and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GRANULOSA CELL TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Granulosa Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Granulosa Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Granulosa Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C66751":{"preferredName":"Granulosa Cell-Theca Cell Tumor","code":"C66751","definitions":[{"description":"A general term used to describe sex cord-stromal tumors characterized by the presence of granulosa cells in a thecomatous/fibrothecomatous background.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Granulosa Cell-Theca Cell Tumor","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4207":{"preferredName":"Juvenile Type Granulosa Cell Tumor","code":"C4207","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of tumor derived from the granulosa cells in the ovary or testis. Ninety percent of girls with the tumor will have low stage disease, which is curable with surgery alone. In males, it usually presents in infancy (median age, 6 days), which is treated with surgery alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A granulosa cell tumor occurring in the ovary and testis. In females it occurs predominantly in the first three decades of life and presents unilaterally as stage I disease in the vast majority of cases. It is characterized by the presence of granulosa cells forming macrofollicular structures. The majority of cases have a good prognosis. In males it represents the most frequent congenital testicular neoplasm and the vast majority of cases occur in the perinatal period. It presents as a scrotal or abdominal mass and it more often affects the left testis. Approximately 20% of the patients have ambiguous external genitalia. It is characterized by the presence of cystic spaces lined by granulosa cells and cells resembling theca cells. Metastases have not been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Juvenile Type Granulosa Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Type Granulosa Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Type Granulosa Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C67012":{"preferredName":"Benign Sertoli Cell Tumor","code":"C67012","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the testis or ovary, originating from Sertoli cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A Sertoli cell tumor of the testis or the ovary which remains localized and does not metastasize to another anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Androblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Sertoli Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERTOLI CELL TUMOR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C39976":{"preferredName":"Sertoli Cell Tumor","code":"C39976","definitions":[{"description":"A sex cord-stromal tumor of the testis or the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of Sertoli cells forming tubules. Leydig cells are rare or absent. It may be associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A sex cord-stromal tumor of the testis or the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of Sertoli cells forming tubules. Leydig cells are rare or absent. It may be associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. In males, the presenting symptom is a slow growing testicular mass. Most cases follow a benign clinical course. In females it may present with estrogenic or androgenic manifestations. The vast majority of cases have a benign clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sertoli Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C67006":{"preferredName":"Malignant Sertoli Cell Tumor","code":"C67006","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the testis or ovary, originating from Sertoli cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A Sertoli cell tumor of the testis or the ovary which metastasizes to another anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Androblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Sertoli Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERTOLI CELL TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C39968":{"preferredName":"Moderately Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","code":"C39968","definitions":[{"description":"A Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped gonadal stromal cells and Sertoli cells, some of which are atypical. Leydig cells are also present forming clusters at the periphery of the cellular aggregates. Metastases have been reported in a minority of patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intermediate Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moderately Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2880":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","code":"C2880","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant sex cord-stromal tumor arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic Leydig cells. It may be associated with trisomy 8.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare type of ovarian tumor in which the tumor cells secrete a male sex hormone. This may cause virilization (the appearance of male physical characteristics in females).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant sex cord-stromal tumor arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic Leydig cells. Signs and symptoms include hirsutism, menorrhagia and metrorrhagia. It may be associated with trisomy 8.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Androblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arrhenoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of the ovary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"androblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"arrhenoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3072":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Gynandroblastoma","code":"C3072","definitions":[{"description":"A rare neoplasm arising from the ovary. Although it may occur at any age, it is more often seen in young females. Morphologically, it is characterized by a mixture of two cellular populations: well differentiated Sertoli cells and granulosa cells, with the latter constituting at least ten percent of the neoplasm. The vast majority of cases are stage I lesions at presentation and produce either estrogenic or androgenic manifestations. Although it may present as a massive ovarian tumor, it usually follows a benign clinical course. Very rare case reports of testicular lesions morphologically resembling gynandroblastomas are in fact variants of juvenile granulose cell tumor, or Sertoli cell tumor, or a combination of both.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gynandroblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gynandroblastoma of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gynandroblastoma of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Gynandroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4212":{"preferredName":"Benign Leydig Cell Tumor","code":"C4212","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the testis originating from interstitial (Leydig) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A Leydig cell tumor which does not recur or metastasize. Morphologically, there is no evidence of cellular atypia, increased mitotic activity, necrosis, or vascular invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoma, Interstitial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma, Leydig Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Interstitial Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Interstitial Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Interstitial Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Interstitial Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Leydig Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Leydig Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEYDIG CELL TUMOR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C3188":{"preferredName":"Leydig Cell Tumor","code":"C3188","definitions":[{"description":"A sex cord-stromal tumor, comprising Leydig cells, either predominantly or completely, occurring in the testis and rarely in the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A sex cord-stromal tumor occurring in the testis and rarely in the ovary. It is predominantly or completely composed of Leydig cells which may contain crystals of Reinke. In males it usually presents as a painless testicular enlargement and it may be associated with gynecomastia and decreased libido. The majority of the cases have a benign clinical course. Approximately 10% of the cases have a malignant clinical course and metastasize. In females it may be associated with androgenic manifestations and it follows a benign clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Interstitial Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interstitial Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leydig Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C4213":{"preferredName":"Malignant Leydig Cell Tumor","code":"C4213","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the testis originating from interstitial (Leydig) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A Leydig cell tumor characterized by large tumor size, the presence of cytologic atypia, increased mitotic activity, necrosis, and vascular invasion. Approximately 10% of the testicular Leydig cell tumors show malignant characteristics and metastasize. Leydig cell tumors of the ovary follow a benign clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma, Leydig Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LEYDIG CELL TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Interstitial Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Interstitial Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Interstitial Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Interstitial Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Leydig Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Leydig Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4214":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Hilus Cell Tumor","code":"C4214","definitions":[{"description":"A benign Leydig cell tumor which arises in the hilar area of the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hilar Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hilar Cell Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hilar Cell Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hilus Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hilus Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Hilar Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Hilus Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4215":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumor","code":"C4215","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian tumor in which the vast majority of the cells (more than 90% of the tumor cells) resemble steroid hormone-secreting cells. It usually presents with androgenic manifestations. Approximately one-third of the cases follow a malignant clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipid Cell Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Cell Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Cell Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Cell Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Lipid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Lipid Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Lipoid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Steroid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Steroid Cell Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Steroid Cell Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2860":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Rest Tumor","code":"C2860","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, testicular or ovarian tumor, derived from adrenal embryonic rest cells. It is composed of hyperplastic adrenal cortical tissue, and it is associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Rest Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Rest Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48314":{"preferredName":"Benign Paraganglioma","code":"C48314","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from paraganglia located along nerves composed of neoplastic neuroectodermal chromaffin cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A paraganglioma that is confined to the site of origin, without metastatic potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Neuroendocrine Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Paraganglionic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Paraganglionic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARAGANGLIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C3308":{"preferredName":"Paraganglioma","code":"C3308","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, usually benign tumor that develops from cells of the paraganglia. Paraganglia are a collection of cells that came from embryonic nervous tissue, and are found near the adrenal glands and some blood vessels and nerves. Paragangliomas that develop in the adrenal gland are called pheochromocytomas. Those that develop outside of the adrenal glands near blood vessels or nerves are called glomus tumors or chemodectomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from paraganglia located along the sympathetic or parasympathetic nerves. Infrequently, it may arise outside the usual distribution of the sympathetic and parasympathetic paraganglia. Tumors arising from the adrenal gland medulla are called pheochromocytomas. Morphologically, paragangliomas usually display a nesting (Zellballen) growth pattern. There are no reliable morphologic criteria to distinguish between benign and malignant paragangliomas. The only definitive indicator of malignancy is the presence of regional or distant metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm of Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglion Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglion Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglionic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglionic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C8559":{"preferredName":"Malignant Paraganglioma","code":"C8559","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from paraganglia located along nerves composed of neoplastic neuroectodermal chromaffin cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A paraganglioma that metastasizes to regional or distant anatomic sites. Extraadrenal paragangliomas have a higher tendency to metastasize, as compared to pheochromocytomas. Common sites of metastasis include the lymph nodes, lungs, bones, and liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglion Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglion Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglion Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglionic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglionic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARAGANGLIOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Paraganglion Neoplasm, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4216":{"preferredName":"Sympathetic Paraganglioma","code":"C4216","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant paraganglioma arising from the chromaffin cells of the paraganglia that are located along the sympathetic nerves. It includes extra-adrenal paragangliomas and paragangliomas that arise from the adrenal medulla. The latter are commonly referred to as pheochromocytomas. Representative examples of extra-adrenal sympathetic paragangliomas include the bladder, and superior and inferior paraaortic paragangliomas. Clinical signs are related to the secretion of catecholamines resulting in hypertension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromaffin Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromaffin Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromaffinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sympathetic Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sympathetic Paraganglionic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4217":{"preferredName":"Parasympathetic Paraganglioma","code":"C4217","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant, usually non-functioning, extra-adrenal paraganglioma that arises from paraganglia located along the parasympathetic nerves. Representative examples include aorticopulmonary, carotid body, jugulotympanic, and mediastinal paragangliomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Parasympathetic Extra-Adrenal Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parasympathetic Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parasympathetic Paraganglionic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3061":{"preferredName":"Jugulotympanic Paraganglioma","code":"C3061","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant extra-adrenal parasympathetic paraganglioma arising from paraganglia in the base of the skull and middle ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glomus Jugulare Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glomus Jugulare Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jugular Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jugulotympanic Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Glomus Jugulare","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Glomus Jugulare","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Glomus Jugulare","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Glomus Jugulare","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4218":{"preferredName":"Aorticopulmonary Paraganglioma","code":"C4218","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant extra-adrenal parasympathetic paraganglioma that arises from paraganglia adjacent to the base of the heart and great vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aortic Body Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aortic Body Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aortic Body Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aorticopulmonary Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Aortic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Aortic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma of Aortic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma of the Aortic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Aortic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Aortic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2932":{"preferredName":"Carotid Body Paraganglioma","code":"C2932","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant extra-adrenal parasympathetic paraganglioma arising from paraganglia adjacent to or in the bifurcation of the common carotid artery. Most patients present with a slow growing, painless mass in the neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carotid Body Chemodectoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carotid Body Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carotid Body Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chemodectoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma of Carotid Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma of the Carotid Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Carotid Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Carotid Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3309":{"preferredName":"Extra-Adrenal Paraganglioma","code":"C3309","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant paraganglioma arising from sympathetic or parasympathetic paraganglia outside the adrenal gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extra-Adrenal Paraganglioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Extra-Adrenal Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extra-Adrenal Paraganglionic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extraadrenal Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4219":{"preferredName":"Malignant Extra-Adrenal Paraganglioma","code":"C4219","definitions":[{"description":"An extra-adrenal paraganglioma that metastasizes to regional or distant anatomic sites. Common sites of metastasis include the lymph nodes, lungs, bones, and liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Extra-Adrenal Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3326":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma","code":"C3326","definitions":[{"description":"Tumor that forms in the center of the adrenal gland (gland located above the kidney) that causes it to make too much adrenaline. Pheochromocytomas are usually benign (not cancer) but can cause high blood pressure, pounding headaches, heart palpitations, flushing of the face, nausea, and vomiting.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm of the sympathetic nervous system that secretes catecholamines. It arises from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. Clinical presentation includes headaches, palpitations, chest and abdominal pain, hypertension, fever, and tremor. Microscopically, a characteristic nesting (zellballen) growth pattern is usually seen. Other growth patterns including trabecular pattern may also be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Chromaffinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Medullary Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Medullary Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromaffin Paraganglioma of the Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraadrenal Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pheochromocytoma (adrenal)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4220":{"preferredName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma","code":"C4220","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the adrenal gland medulla.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A pheochromocytoma that metastasizes to other anatomic sites. Common sites of metastasis include lymph nodes, bones, liver, and lung. Morphologic features associated with malignant pheochromocytomas include: atypical mitotic figures, capsular and vascular invasion, tumor cell necrosis, and high mitotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Medullary Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Medullary Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Medullary Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Medullary Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pheochromoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pheochromoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4221":{"preferredName":"Malignant Glomus Tumor","code":"C4221","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare morphologic variant of glomus tumor with a size greater than 2 cm. The tumor arises in subfascial or visceral tissues. It is characterized by the presence of atypical mitotic figures, or marked nuclear atypia, or the combination of both. It has an aggressive clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glomangiosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Glomus Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Glomus Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3060":{"preferredName":"Glomus Tumor","code":"C3060","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from cells that resemble the modified smooth muscle cells of the glomus body. The majority of glomus tumors occur in the distal extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glomus Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glomus Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4222":{"preferredName":"Glomangioma","code":"C4222","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of the glomus tumor characterized by the presence of dilated veins, surrounded by small clusters of glomus cells. Glomangiomas are most often present in patients with multiple lesions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glomangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4223":{"preferredName":"Glomangiomyoma","code":"C4223","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of the glomus tumor with architectural features similar to solid glomus tumor. It is characterized by the presence of elongated glomus cells which resemble mature smooth muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glomangiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27816":{"preferredName":"Pigmented Nevus","code":"C27816","definitions":[{"description":"A nevus characterised by the presence of excessive pigment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pigmented Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3074":{"preferredName":"Hairy Nevus","code":"C3074","definitions":[{"description":"A usually benign congenital skin growth that is often pigmented and sometimes develop coarse surface hair. There is a lifetime risk of transformation to malignant melanoma which varies depending on the size of the lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hair Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hairy Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nevoid Hypertrichosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7570":{"preferredName":"Melanocytic Nevus","code":"C7570","definitions":[{"description":"A benign (not cancer) growth on the skin that is formed by a cluster of melanocytes (cells that make a substance called melanin, which gives color to skin and eyes). A mole is usually dark and may be raised from the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neoplasm composed of melanocytes that usually appears as a dark spot on the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Melanocytic Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mole of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C8423":{"preferredName":"Stage 0 Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v6 and v7","code":"C8423","definitions":[{"description":"Abnormal melanocytes (cells that make melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color) are found in the epidermis (outer layer of the skin). These abnormal melanocytes may become cancer and spread into nearby normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Melanoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastases. M0: No detectable evidence of distant metastases. (from AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous Melanoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Cutaneous Melanoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Melanoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma in situ of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma in situ of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Melanoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Cutaneous Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v6 and v7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Malignant Cutaneous Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Malignant Skin Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Melanoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Melanoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Skin Melanoma AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Skin Melanoma AJCC v6 and v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Skin Melanoma AJCC v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"melanoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"stage 0 melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4225":{"preferredName":"Nodular Melanoma","code":"C4225","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive form of melanoma, frequently metastasizing to the lymph nodes. It presents as a papular or nodular raised skin lesion. It comprises approximately 10-15% of melanomas. Morphologically, it often displays an epithelioid appearance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nodular Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nodular Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Malignant Melanoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Malignant Melanoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Malignant Skin Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4226":{"preferredName":"Balloon Cell Nevus","code":"C4226","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon variant of melanocytic nevus. It presents as a small pigmented skin lesion. It is characterized by the presence of large melanocytes with clear, foamy or finely vacuolated cytoplasm. It may recur if it is not completely excised.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Balloon Cell Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4227":{"preferredName":"Balloon Cell Melanoma","code":"C4227","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of melanoma with a vertical growth phase. It presents as a nodular or polypoid skin lesion. It is characterized by the presence of nodules which contain large melanoma cells with clear, foamy or finely vacuolated cytoplasm. The prognosis is similar to that of other melanomas matched for depth of invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Balloon Cell Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Balloon Cell Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balloon Cell Malignant Melanoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balloon Cell Malignant Melanoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balloon Cell Malignant Skin Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balloon Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balloon Cell Skin Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7602":{"preferredName":"Halo Nevus","code":"C7602","definitions":[{"description":"A benign melanocytic nevus with a halo appearance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Halo Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7603":{"preferredName":"Regressing Nevus","code":"C7603","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Regressing Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4228":{"preferredName":"Regressing Melanoma","code":"C4228","definitions":[{"description":"A skin lesion characterized by the disappearance of the melanoma cells from the primary melanoma site. The disappearance of the malignant cells is associated with fibroplasia of the papillary dermis. According to some authors, complete regression of the primary melanoma may occur in 4-8% of patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Regressing Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Regressing Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Regressing Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4229":{"preferredName":"Neuronevus","code":"C4229","definitions":[{"description":"An intradermal nevus characterized by the presence of nests of atrophic nevus cells which are hyalinized and resemble nerve bundles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neural Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuronevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4230":{"preferredName":"Melanocytoma of the Eyeball","code":"C4230","definitions":[{"description":"A benign melanocytic proliferation within or adjacent to the optic disk. It presents as a pigmented, intraocular tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Magnocellular Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytoma of Eyeball","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytoma of the Eyeball","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9498":{"preferredName":"Melanocytoma","code":"C9498","definitions":[{"description":"A benign melanocytic proliferation without metastatic potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Melanocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3694":{"preferredName":"Dysplastic Nevus","code":"C3694","definitions":[{"description":"A type of nevus (mole) that looks different from a common mole. A dysplastic nevus is often larger with borders that are not easy to see. Its color is usually uneven and can range from pink to dark brown. Parts of the mole may be raised above the skin surface. A dysplastic nevus may develop into malignant melanoma (a type of skin cancer).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Solitary or multiple, slightly raised, pigmented lesions with irregular borders, usually measuring more than 0.6cm in greatest dimension. Morphologically, there is melanocytic atypia and the differential diagnosis from melanoma may be difficult. Patients are at an increased risk for the development of melanoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clark Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clark's Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysplastic Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lentiginous Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nevus with Architectural Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nevus with Architectural Disorder and Cytologic Atypia of Melanocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dysplastic nevi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"dysplastic nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6890":{"preferredName":"Meningeal Melanocytosis","code":"C6890","definitions":[{"description":"A diffuse or multifocal proliferation of uniform nevoid polygonal cells in the leptomeninges. Cells may spread into the Virchow-Robin spaces without frank invasion of the brain. Diffuse melanocytosis carries a poor prognosis even in the absence of histologic malignancy. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Melanocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Melanosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Meningeal Melanocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningeal Melanocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4662":{"preferredName":"Meningeal Melanocytoma","code":"C4662","definitions":[{"description":"A usually well differentiated melanocytic neoplasm arising from the meninges. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid, fusiform, polyhedral, and spindle melanocytes without evidence of hemorrhage, necrosis, or high mitotic activity. Presenting symptoms include headache, vomiting, and neurological manifestations. Complete excision is usually curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leptomeningeal Melanocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytoma of Meninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytoma of the Meninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningeal Melanocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meninges Melanocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6891":{"preferredName":"Meningeal Melanomatosis","code":"C6891","definitions":[{"description":"A meningeal melanoma with secondary diffuse meningeal spread. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leptomeningeal Melanomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningeal Melanomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27095":{"preferredName":"Nonpigmented Nevus","code":"C27095","definitions":[{"description":"A benign nevus characterized by the absence of melanin pigment in the melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nonpigmented Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3802":{"preferredName":"Amelanotic Melanoma","code":"C3802","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of melanocytes, which lack melanin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of skin cancer in which the cells do not make melanin. Skin lesions are often irregular and may be pink, red, or have light brown, tan, or gray at the edges.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A melanoma characterized by the complete absence of melanin pigment in the melanoma cells. It occurs more frequently on the face and it is often associated with desmoplastic reaction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amelanotic Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Amelanotic Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MELANOMA, AMELANOTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"amelanotic melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4231":{"preferredName":"Junctional Nevus","code":"C4231","definitions":[{"description":"A type of nevus (mole) found at the junction (border) between the epidermis (outer) and the dermis (inner) layers of the skin. These moles may be colored and slightly raised.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nevus characterized by the presence of an intraepidermal proliferation of nevus cells. The nevus cells form multiple nests in the dermal-epidermal junction. It presents as a small, slightly raised, pigmented skin lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraepidermal Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepidermal Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepidermal Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junction Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junctional Melanocytic Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junctional Melanocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junctional Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junctional Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junctional Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junctional Skin Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"junctional nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4232":{"preferredName":"Melanoma in Junctional Nevus","code":"C4232","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma arising from a melanocytic nevus which involves the dermal-epidermal junction of the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma in Junctional Nevus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma in Junctional Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma of Skin in Junctional Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma of the Skin in Junctional Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Melanoma in Junctional Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma in Junctional Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4233":{"preferredName":"Precancerous Melanosis","code":"C4233","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma of the skin. It is characterized by the presence of melanoma cells in the dermal-epidermal junction only, without infiltration of the papillary or reticular dermis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Precancerous Melanosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66753":{"preferredName":"Malignant Melanoma in Precancerous Melanosis","code":"C66753","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma arising from an atypical intraepithelial melanocytic hyperplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma in Precancerous Melanosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma in Precancerous Melanosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C43372":{"preferredName":"Lentigo Maligna","code":"C43372","definitions":[{"description":"An atypical proliferation of atypical melanocytes in the dermal-epidermal junction, without infiltration of the papillary or reticular dermis. The melanocytic proliferation is associated with actinic damage and epidermal atrophy. It usually occurs in the sun-exposed skin of elderly people. It is a form of melanoma in situ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lentigo Maligna","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9151":{"preferredName":"Lentigo Maligna Melanoma","code":"C9151","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma of the skin characterized by single cell infiltration of the papillary dermis by atypical melanocytes, in a background of lentigo maligna changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lentigo Maligna Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lentigo Maligna Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lentigo Maligna Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Lentigo Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9152":{"preferredName":"Superficial Spreading Melanoma","code":"C9152","definitions":[{"description":"A type of melanoma that typically occurs in light-skinned individuals ranging in age from young adults to the elderly. Risk factors include extensive sun exposure during childhood, a family history of melanoma, and the presence of dysplastic nevi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous Superficial Spreading Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pagetoid Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Malignant Melanoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Malignant Melanoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Malignant Skin Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Melanoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Melanoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4022":{"preferredName":"Acral Lentiginous Melanoma","code":"C4022","definitions":[{"description":"A form of melanoma occurring most often on the plantar, palmar, subungual, and periungual skin. It presents as a pigmented macular lesion with irregular borders. Morphologically, it consists of atypical spindled and dendritic melanocytes. The epidermis is often hyperplastic and there is pagetoid infiltration of the epidermis by anaplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acral Lentiginous Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acral Lentiginous Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acral Lentiginous Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acral Lentiginous Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C37257":{"preferredName":"Desmoplastic Melanoma","code":"C37257","definitions":[{"description":"A rare form of malignant melanoma marked by nonpigmented lesions on sun-exposed areas of the body, most commonly on the head and neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A melanoma of the skin characterized by a proliferation of atypical spindled melanocytes in the dermis, in a background of abundant collagen. It usually presents as an amelanotic raised nodular lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Desmoplastic Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"desmoplastic melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C48622":{"preferredName":"Mucosal Lentiginous Melanoma","code":"C48622","definitions":[{"description":"An acral lentiginous melanoma affecting mucosal surfaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucosal Lentiginous Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosal Lentiginous Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosal Lentiginous Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3804":{"preferredName":"Intradermal Nevus","code":"C3804","definitions":[{"description":"A nevus characterized by the proliferation of nevus cells in the dermis without involvement of the dermal-epidermal junction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dermal Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intradermal Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3901":{"preferredName":"Compound Nevus","code":"C3901","definitions":[{"description":"A type of mole formed by groups of nevus cells found in the epidermis and dermis (the two main layers of tissue that make up the skin).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nevus composed of neoplastic melanocytes that infiltrate both the epidermis and the dermis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Compound Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compound Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compound Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"compound nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4234":{"preferredName":"Giant Congenital Nevus","code":"C4234","definitions":[{"description":"A rare melanocytic lesion occurring at birth, comprising at least 5% of the body surface area. It usually presents as a dark brown to black hairy lesion. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of a compound or intradermal nevus. There is an increased risk of malignant transformation to melanoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and poorly differentiated malignant tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bathing Trunk Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Congenital Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Pigmented Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Pigmented Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66755":{"preferredName":"Proliferative Dermal Lesion in Congenital Nevus","code":"C66755","definitions":[{"description":"A benign proliferation of epithelioid or spindled melanocytes usually in the upper or mid dermis in a background of congenital melanocytic nevus. The congenital melanocytic nevus is usually of the deep type, involving the dermis and extending into the subcutaneous tissue. It presents as a dark plaque or nodule above a giant congenital melanocytic nevus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Proliferative Dermal Lesion in Congenital Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27007":{"preferredName":"Spitz Nevus","code":"C27007","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, acquired or congenital, usually single skin lesion. It can occur on any area of the body, but most commonly occurs on the face of children and the thighs of young females. It is characterized by a proliferation of large spindle, oval, or large epithelioid melanocytes in the dermal-epidermal junction. The melanocytic proliferation subsequently extends into the dermis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Juvenile Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle and/ or Epithelioid Cell Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spitz Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4751":{"preferredName":"Pigmented Spindle Cell Nevus","code":"C4751","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, small and slightly elevated brown or black skin lesion with usually well-demarcated borders. It is characterized by the presence of a melanocytic proliferation resulting in the formation of uniform cellular nests. Sometimes the clinical and morphologic features may be difficult to distinguish from melanoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pigmented Spindle Cell Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Nevus of Reed","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66756":{"preferredName":"Mixed Epithelioid and Spindle Cell Melanoma","code":"C66756","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant large epithelioid melanocytes and malignant spindle-shaped melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Epithelioid and Spindle Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mixed Epithelioid and Spindle Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66757":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Cell Nevus","code":"C66757","definitions":[{"description":"A nevus characterized by the presence of large epithelioid melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4236":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Cell Melanoma","code":"C4236","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant large epithelioid melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4237":{"preferredName":"Spindle Cell Melanoma","code":"C4237","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant spindle-shaped melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Spindle Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4238":{"preferredName":"Type A Spindle Cell Melanoma","code":"C4238","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant spindle-shaped melanocytes with slender nuclei and no visible nucleoli. Representative example is the type A spindle cell uveal melanoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Spindle Cell Type A Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Type A Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type A Spindle Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4239":{"preferredName":"Type B Spindle Cell Melanoma","code":"C4239","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant spindle-shaped melanocytes with larger nuclei and distinct nucleoli. Representative example is the type B spindle cell uveal melanoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Spindle Cell Type B Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Type B Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type B Spindle Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3803":{"preferredName":"Blue Nevus","code":"C3803","definitions":[{"description":"An intradermal nevus characterized by the presence of benign pigmented dendritic spindle-shaped melanocytes. It most frequently occurs in the skin of the distal upper extremities, followed by the lower extremities, scalp, face, and buttocks. It usually presents as a single blue or blue-black papular lesion less than 1cm in diameter. Simple excision is usually curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blue Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blue Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blue Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blue Skin Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4240":{"preferredName":"Melanoma Arising from Blue Nevus","code":"C4240","definitions":[{"description":"A rare melanoma which develops in a pre-existing blue nevus. It occurs more frequently on the scalp, face, orbit, back, buttocks, extremities, hands, and feet.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blue Nevus-Like Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma Arising from Blue Nevus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Blue Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Blue Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Blue Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Cutaneous Blue Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Blue Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma Arising from Blue Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma Arising from Blue Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4241":{"preferredName":"Cellular Blue Nevus","code":"C4241","definitions":[{"description":"A blue nevus characterized by a multinodular cellular infiltrate with a dumb-bell architecture occupying the reticular dermis. The cellular infiltrate often extends into the subcutaneous tissue. The cellular infiltrate is composed of spindle-shaped melanocytes with pale cytoplasm alternating with bundles of pigmented spindle-shaped melanocytes. In occasional cases an increased mitotic activity, focal necrosis, and nuclear pleomorphism may be seen. Such cases with atypical features may have an uncertain malignant potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Blue Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular Blue Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular Blue Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4242":{"preferredName":"Benign Soft Tissue Neoplasm","code":"C4242","definitions":[{"description":"A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the soft tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Soft Tissue Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Soft Tissue Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9306":{"preferredName":"Soft Tissue Sarcoma","code":"C9306","definitions":[{"description":"A solid, malignant neoplasm originating in muscle, tendon, fat, blood vessels, nerves, connective or joint tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from muscle tissue, adipose tissue, blood vessels, fibrous tissue, or other supportive tissues excluding the bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Connective Tissue Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Rhabdo. soft tissue sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Non-Rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of the Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"soft tissue sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4867":{"preferredName":"Malignant Soft Tissue Neoplasm","code":"C4867","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising exclusively from the soft tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Soft Tissue Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Soft Tissue Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Soft Tissue Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4243":{"preferredName":"Sarcomatosis","code":"C4243","definitions":[{"description":"The occurrence of several sarcomas in different anatomic locations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sarcomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27005":{"preferredName":"Spindle Cell Sarcoma","code":"C27005","definitions":[{"description":"A type of connective tissue cancer in which the cells are spindle-shaped when examined under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm composed of spindle-shaped cells. This is a morphologic term which can be applied to a wide range of sarcomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spindle Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"spindle cell sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C66759":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Sarcoma","code":"C66759","definitions":[{"description":"A sarcoma characterized by the presence of large, anaplastic malignant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3746":{"preferredName":"Small Cell Sarcoma","code":"C3746","definitions":[{"description":"A sarcoma characterized by the presence of small round or elongated malignant cells with a small amount of cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Small Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell Sarcomas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3714":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Sarcoma","code":"C3714","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive malignant neoplasm of uncertain differentiation, characterized by the presence of epithelioid cells forming nodular patterns. The nodules often undergo central necrosis, resulting in a pseudogranulomatous growth pattern. It usually occurs in young adults. The most common sites of involvement are the extremities (distal-type epithelioid sarcoma), and less frequently the pelvis, perineum, and genital organs (proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ES","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C121804":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Sarcoma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C121804","definitions":[{"description":"An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma which cannot be further characterized.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Undifferentiated Sarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Sarcoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8300":{"preferredName":"Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor","code":"C8300","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, aggressive cancer that usually affects young males and usually is located in the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggressive malignant soft tissue neoplasm of uncertain differentiation. It is characterized by a recurrent chromosomal translocation t(11;22)(p13;q12) and the presence of small round cells in a desmoplastic stroma. It usually affects children and young adults. The most common site of involvement is the abdomen. Patients usually present with abdominal distention, pain, ascites, and a palpable abdominal mass. The prognosis is usually poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DSRCT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplas. small round cell tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Small Round-Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Small Round-Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic small round cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Polyphenotypic Small Round Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"desmoplastic small round cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3041":{"preferredName":"Fibroma","code":"C3041","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from fibrous tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A non-metastasizing neoplasm arising from the fibrous tissue. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIBROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6892":{"preferredName":"Cellular Fibroma","code":"C6892","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of fibroma characterized by increased cellularity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3043":{"preferredName":"Fibrosarcoma","code":"C3043","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of the soft tissue and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal fibroblastic neoplasm affecting the soft tissue and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIBROSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcoma (excluding infantile fibrosarcoma)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcoma - not infantile","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibromatous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C66760":{"preferredName":"Fibromyxoid Tumor","code":"C66760","definitions":[{"description":"A benign soft-tissue neoplasm of uncertain lineage, characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle-shaped to round cells and a fibromyxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A soft tissue tumor of uncertain lineage characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle-shaped to round cells in a fibromyxoid stroma. Metaplastic bone formation may or may not be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIBROMYXOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibromyxoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibromyxoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibromyxoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibromyxoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6496":{"preferredName":"Myxofibrosarcoma","code":"C6496","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant fibroblastic neoplasm arising from the soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped cells, cellular pleomorphism, thin-walled blood vessels, fibrous septa, and myxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myxofibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoid Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoid MFH","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoid Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66761":{"preferredName":"Periosteal Fibroma","code":"C66761","definitions":[{"description":"A benign fibrous neoplasm arising from the periosteal connective tissue that surrounds a bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Periosteal Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66763":{"preferredName":"Periosteal Fibrosarcoma","code":"C66763","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant fibroblastic tumor arising from the periosteal connective tissue that surrounds a bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Periosteal Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66764":{"preferredName":"Fascial Fibroma","code":"C66764","definitions":[{"description":"A benign fibrous tumor arising from the fascial connective tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fascial Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66765":{"preferredName":"Fascial Fibrosarcoma","code":"C66765","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant fibroblastic neoplasm arising from the fascial connective tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fascial Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4244":{"preferredName":"Infantile Fibrosarcoma","code":"C4244","definitions":[{"description":"A fibrosarcoma typically congenital, and occurring most commonly within the first three months of life, sharing identical morphologic features with adult fibrosarcoma but rarely metastatic. It usually affects the superficial and deep soft tissues of the extremities. The majority of infantile fibrosarcomas carry the t(12;15)(p13;q25) translocation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A fibrosarcoma that occurs in infants. It shares identical morphologic features with adult fibrosarcoma but carries the t(12;15)(p13;q25) translocation that results in ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion. It usually affects the superficial and deep soft tissues of the extremities. The prognosis is generally much more favorable than for adult fibrosarcoma, and it rarely metastasizes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Congenital Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infantile Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infantile Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Infantile fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Infantile fibrosarcoma (congenital fibrosarcoma)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C7634":{"preferredName":"Solitary Fibrous Tumor","code":"C7634","definitions":[{"description":"A localized neoplasm of probable fibroblastic derivation. It is characterized by the presence of round to spindle-shaped cells, hylanized stroma formation, thin-walled branching blood vessels, and thin bands of collagen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Localized Fibrous Mesothelioma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Localized Fibrous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SFT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Fibrous Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Submesothelial Fibroma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6894":{"preferredName":"Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumor","code":"C6894","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of probable fibroblastic derivation. It is characterized by the presence of atypical round to spindle-shaped cells, increased cellularity, necrotic change and high mitotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4245":{"preferredName":"Elastofibroma","code":"C4245","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, slow-growing tumor arising from the soft tissues usually in the mid-thoracic region of the elderly. It is characterized by the presence of paucicellular collagenous tissue, adipocytes and a predominance of large coarse elastic fibers arranged in globules.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Elastofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elastofibroma Dorsi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9182":{"preferredName":"Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis","code":"C9182","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor of the tissue that surrounds muscles, usually in the abdomen. A desmoid tumor rarely metastasizes (spreads to other parts of the body).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An insidious, locally aggressive, poorly circumscribed neoplasm arising from the deep soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of elongated spindle-shaped fibroblasts, collagenous stroma formation, and an infiltrative growth pattern. It lacks metastatic potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aggressive Fibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deep Fibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deep Fibromatosis/Desmoid Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Deep Fibromatosis/Desmoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoid Fibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"desmoid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6489":{"preferredName":"Extraabdominal Fibromatosis","code":"C6489","definitions":[{"description":"An insidious poorly circumscribed neoplasm arising from the soft tissues outside the abdomen. It is characterized by the presence of elongated spindle-shaped fibroblasts, vascular collagenous stroma formation, and an infiltrative growth pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extraabdominal Desmoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extraabdominal Desmoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extraabdominal Fibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3741":{"preferredName":"Abdominal (Mesenteric) Fibromatosis","code":"C3741","definitions":[{"description":"An insidious poorly circumscribed neoplasm arising from the deep soft tissues of the abdomen. It is characterized by the presence of elongated spindle-shaped fibroblasts, collagenous stroma formation, and an infiltrative growth pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abdominal (Mesenteric) Fibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal Desmoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal Desmoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal Fibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraabdominal Desmoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraabdominal Desmoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraabdominal Fibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesenteric Desmoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesenteric Desmoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesenteric Fibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3740":{"preferredName":"Bone Desmoplastic Fibroma","code":"C3740","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by osteolysis and the presence of a rich collagenous stroma and spindle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare, benign, locally aggressive, osteolytic neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of a rich collagenous stroma and spindle cells with minimal cellular atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone Desmoplastic Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoid Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Desmoid Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Fibroma of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Fibroma of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Fibroma of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Fibroma of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSTEOFIBROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Osseous Desmoplastic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Osseous Desmoplastic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7052":{"preferredName":"Myofibroma","code":"C7052","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, localized, nodular and well-circumscribed neoplasm usually seen as a congenital neoplasm or in the first year of life. It is characterized by a biphasic growth pattern and is composed of small, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells associated with branching thin-walled vessels and more mature neoplastic spindle cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm in a collagenous stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infantile Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3742":{"preferredName":"Myofibromatosis","code":"C3742","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, multifocal, nodular and well-circumscribed neoplasm usually seen as a congenital neoplasm or in the first year of life. It is characterized by a biphasic growth pattern and is composed of small, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells associated with branching thin-walled vessels and more mature neoplastic spindle cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm in a collagenous stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infantile Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infantile Myofibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multicentric Myofibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myofibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49012":{"preferredName":"Myofibroblastoma","code":"C49012","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, well circumscribed soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle shaped myofibroblasts and mast cells in a collagenous stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myofibroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6481":{"preferredName":"Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor","code":"C6481","definitions":[{"description":"A multinodular intermediate fibroblastic neoplasm that arises from soft tissue or viscera, in children and young adults. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, and a chronic inflammatory infiltrate composed of eosinophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Pseudotumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49016":{"preferredName":"Angiomyofibroblastoma","code":"C49016","definitions":[{"description":"A benign myofibroblastic neoplasm, usually arising in the pelviperineal region. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle to round cells, dilated thin walled vessels, and stromal edema. Most patients present with painless circumscribed masses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiomyofibroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3739":{"preferredName":"Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma","code":"C3739","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of a fibroblastic and a histiocytic component.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of fibroblastic spindle cells in a whorled storiform pattern. It is characterized by the presence of foam cells, inflammatory cells, hemosiderin deposition and stromal hemorrhage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HISTIOCYTOMA, FIBROUS, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C4246":{"preferredName":"Atypical Fibroxanthoma","code":"C4246","definitions":[{"description":"An intermediate cutaneous mesenchymal neoplasm of uncertain differentiation, usually affecting the actinic-damaged skin of the elderly. The tumor presents as a single cutaneous nodule which is often ulcerated. Microscopically, it is characterized by the presence of highly atypical cytologic features, pleomorphism and abundant mitotic figures. The vast majority of patients have an excellent prognosis following conservative therapy. Recurrences are infrequent, and metastasis is rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Cutaneous Fibroxanthoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Fibroxanthoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Fibroxanthoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Fibroxanthoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Skin Fibroxanthoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4247":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma","code":"C4247","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of a fibroblastic and a histiocytic component.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A soft tissue sarcoma that usually occurs in the limbs, most commonly the legs, and may also occur in the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma characterized by the presence of a pleomorphic malignant cellular infiltrate. It is also known as malignant fibrous histiocytoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIBROSARCOMA, PLEOMORPHIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroxanthosarcoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroxanthosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Histiocytoma, Fibrous, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MFH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MFH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of Soft Tissue and Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of the Soft Tissue and Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibroxanthoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibroxanthoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant fibrous histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Storiform-Pleomorphic Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Storiform-Pleomorphic MFH","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Storiform-Pleomorphic Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UPS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unclassified Pleomorphic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unclassified Pleomorphic Sarcoma (Formerly \"MFH\")","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unclassified Pleomorphic Sarcoma (Formerly \"Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma\")","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Soft Tissue Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"malignant fibrous cytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"malignant fibrous histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C35765":{"preferredName":"Histiocytoma","code":"C35765","definitions":[{"description":"A mesenchymal tumor composed of fibroblastic and histiocytic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6492":{"preferredName":"Deep Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma","code":"C6492","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, well-circumscribed, pseudo-encapsulated benign fibrous histiocytoma that arises entirely within the subcutaneous tissue or deep soft tissue. It usually affects the extremities or the head and neck region. It recurs locally in a minority of cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Deep Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deep Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3356":{"preferredName":"Solitary Reticulohistiocytoma","code":"C3356","definitions":[{"description":"A rare cutaneous lesion composed of eosinophilic histiocytes, which are often multinucleated. The lesions are yellow-brown papules affecting any part of the body. Patients are usually adult men. The prognosis is excellent. -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Reticulohistiocytic Granuloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Reticulohistiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6801":{"preferredName":"Cutaneous Fibrous Histiocytoma","code":"C6801","definitions":[{"description":"A solitary, slowly growing, nodular mass, most often affecting the extremities. It is composed of fibrous and histiocytic cells which infiltrate the dermis and occasionally the underlying subcutaneous tissue. Usually local excision is curative. Recurrences are reported only in a small minority of cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Cutaneous Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Fibrous Cutaneous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Skin Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermatofibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrous Histiocytoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrous Histiocytoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7159":{"preferredName":"Subepidermal Nodular Fibrosis","code":"C7159","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Subepidermal Nodular Fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4683":{"preferredName":"Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","code":"C4683","definitions":[{"description":"A type of tumor that begins as a hard nodule and grows slowly. These tumors are usually found in the dermis (the inner layer of the two main layers of tissue that make up the skin) of the limbs or trunk of the body. They can grow into surrounding tissue but do not spread to other parts of the body. These tumors are related to giant cell fibroblastomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A low grade fibroblastic neoplasm presenting as a nodular cutaneous mass, most often on the trunk and the proximal extremities. The tumor diffusely infiltrates the dermis and the subcutaneous tissues. It is considered a locally aggressive neoplasm, which often recurs but rarely metastasizes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DFSP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermatofibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Dermatofibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9430":{"preferredName":"Pigmented Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","code":"C9430","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans characterized by the presence of melanin-pigmented dendritic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bednar Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (Bednar Tumor)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4700":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Fibroblastoma","code":"C4700","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of soft tissue tumor marked by painless nodules in the dermis (the inner layer of the two main layers of tissue that make up the skin) and subcutaneous (beneath the skin) tissue. These tumors may come back after surgery, but they do not spread to other parts of the body. They occur mostly in boys and are related to dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare, locally aggressive fibroblastic neoplasm typically affecting young patients (predominantly boys). It manifests with painless nodules in the dermis or subcutaneous tissues. Morphologically, it contains giant cells and wide vessel-like spaces. This tumor can recur but metastases have not been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GCF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Fibroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"giant cell fibroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6493":{"preferredName":"Plexiform Fibrohistiocytic Tumor","code":"C6493","definitions":[{"description":"An intermediate cutaneous fibrohistiocytic neoplasm that usually affects children and young adults. It is a multinodular, poorly circumscribed tumor characterized by the presence of multinucleated giant cells, mononuclear histiocyte-like cells, and spindle fibroblast-like cells arranged in a plexiform pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PFHT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexiform Fibrohistiocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexiform Fibrohistiocytic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6494":{"preferredName":"Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma","code":"C6494","definitions":[{"description":"A low malignant potential soft tissue neoplasm of uncertain differentiation. It typically affects young patients, presenting as a slowly growing nodular or cystic tumor mass, most often in the subcutaneous tissues of the extremities. Occasionally, patients have systemic symptoms (anemia, fever, and weight loss). This tumor has a relatively good prognosis. A minority of patients develop local recurrences. Metastases are rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiomatoid Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6577":{"preferredName":"Myxoma","code":"C6577","definitions":[{"description":"A benign soft tissue neoplasm with a myxoid stroma formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle and stellate cells, lobulated growth pattern, and myxoid stroma formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MYXOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myxoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3255":{"preferredName":"Myxosarcoma","code":"C3255","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant soft tissue neoplasm with a myxoid stroma formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An infiltrating malignant soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of immature undifferentiated cells and abundant myxoid stroma formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MYXOSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myxosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3254":{"preferredName":"Angiomyxoma","code":"C3254","definitions":[{"description":"A benign soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle and stellate cells in a myxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiomyxoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6936":{"preferredName":"Deep \"Aggressive\" Angiomyxoma","code":"C6936","definitions":[{"description":"A locally infiltrating, non-metastasizing angiomyxoma arising from the pelviperineal region. It may recur following resection","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aggressive Angiomyxoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deep \"Aggressive\" Angiomyxoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deep Angiomyxoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6582":{"preferredName":"Ossifying Fibromyxoid Tumor","code":"C6582","definitions":[{"description":"A rare soft tissue tumor of uncertain lineage characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle to round cells forming cords in a fibromyxoid stroma. The lesions are associated with the formation of metaplastic bone. Most patients present with painless subcutaneous masses. Recurrences have been reported in a minority of patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OFMT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossifying Fibromyxoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossifying Fibromyxoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossifying Fibromyxoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3192":{"preferredName":"Lipoma","code":"C3192","definitions":[{"description":"A benign (not cancer) tumor made of fat cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of adipose tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, usually painless, well-circumscribed lipomatous tumor composed of adipose tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LIPOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6505":{"preferredName":"Atypical Lipomatous Tumor","code":"C6505","definitions":[{"description":"An intermediate, locally aggressive lipomatous neoplasm. Microscopically, the adipose tissue contains large and pleomorphic lipoblasts, and is dissected by fibrous septa containing spindle cells. It requires a wide local excision, may recur locally, but never metastasizes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Lipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Lipomatous Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipoma-Like Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Well Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Liposarcoma of Superficial Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3194":{"preferredName":"Liposarcoma","code":"C3194","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of adipose tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A usually painless malignant tumor that arises from adipose tissue. Microscopically, it may contain a spectrum of neoplastic adipocytes ranging from lipoblasts to pleomorphic malignant adipocytes. Morphologic variants include: well differentiated, dedifferentiated, pleomorphic, and myxoid liposarcoma. The metastatic potential is higher in less differentiated tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LIPOSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4249":{"preferredName":"Fibrolipoma","code":"C4249","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm comprising mature adipocytes, characterized by areas of abundant fibrous tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign well-circumscribed tumor composed of mature adipocytes, characterized by areas of abundant fibrous tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIBROLIPOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibrolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4250":{"preferredName":"Well Differentiated Liposarcoma","code":"C4250","definitions":[{"description":"A locally aggressive malignant neoplasm composed of mature adipocytes showing cell size variation and nuclear atypia. It is often associated with the presence of hyperchromatic multinucleated stromal cells, and varying numbers of lipoblasts. There are three histologic subtypes, sclerosing, inflammatory, and spindle cell liposarcoma. These tumors do not usually metastasize unless they undergo dedifferentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Well Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Liposarcoma of Deep Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6508":{"preferredName":"Inflammatory Liposarcoma","code":"C6508","definitions":[{"description":"A rare morphologic variant of well differentiated liposarcoma occurring most often in the retroperitoneum. It is characterized by the presence of a predominant inflammatory infiltrate composed of lymphoplasmacytic aggregates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inflammatory Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6507":{"preferredName":"Sclerosing Liposarcoma","code":"C6507","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of well differentiated liposarcoma occurring most often in the retroperitoneum and paratesticular area. It is characterized by the presence of bizarre hyperchromatic stromal cells and rare multivacuolated lipoblasts within a fibrous stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sclerosing Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4251":{"preferredName":"Fibromyxolipoma","code":"C4251","definitions":[{"description":"A benign well-circumscribed tumor composed of mature adipocytes, characterized by areas of abundant fibrous tissue and extensive myxoid change.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibromyxolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxolipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27781":{"preferredName":"Myxoid Liposarcoma","code":"C27781","definitions":[{"description":"A liposarcoma characterized by the presence of round non-lipogenic primitive mesenchymal cells and small signet ring lipoblasts within a myxoid stoma with a branching vascular pattern. This category includes hypercellular lesions with round cell morphology, formerly known as round cell liposarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myxoid Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoid Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoid/Round Cell Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4252":{"preferredName":"Round Cell Liposarcoma","code":"C4252","definitions":[{"description":"A poorly differentiated liposarcoma, characterized by the presence of solid sheets of primitive round mesenchymal cells and the absence of myxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Myxoid Liposarcoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Round Cell Liposarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3703":{"preferredName":"Pleomorphic Lipoma","code":"C3703","definitions":[{"description":"A benign circumscribed tumor characterized by small spindle cells, rounded hyperchromatic cells and multinucleated giant cells with radially arranged nuclei.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleomorphic Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3705":{"preferredName":"Pleomorphic Liposarcoma","code":"C3705","definitions":[{"description":"A liposarcoma characterized by the presence of varying proportions of pleomorphic lipoblasts in a background that resembles undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. It is the rarest liposarcoma variant and usually has an aggressive clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleomorphic Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4253":{"preferredName":"Mixed Liposarcoma","code":"C4253","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of a combination of liposarcomatous morphologic subtypes: myxoid/round cell and well differentiated/dedifferentiated liposarcoma or myxoid/round cell and pleomorphic liposarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7450":{"preferredName":"Intramuscular Lipoma","code":"C7450","definitions":[{"description":"A benign tumor, composed of mature adipocytes, that arises within skeletal muscle fibers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intramuscular Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7449":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Angiolipoma","code":"C7449","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon lipoma characterized by prominent vascularity that invades the surrounding deep tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Angiolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7451":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Lipoma","code":"C7451","definitions":[{"description":"A benign tumor, composed of lobules of mature adipocytes, that penetrates the surrounding tissue from which it arises. There is usually a higher local recurrence rate when compared with non-infiltrating lipomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4254":{"preferredName":"Spindle Cell Lipoma","code":"C4254","definitions":[{"description":"A benign circumscribed tumor composed of spindled cells, adipocytes, and collagen bundles. There is no evidence of nuclear hyperchromasia or mitotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spindle Cell Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6509":{"preferredName":"Fibroblastic Liposarcoma","code":"C6509","definitions":[{"description":"A liposarcoma characterized by the presence of a fibroblastic component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroblastic Liposarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3704":{"preferredName":"Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma","code":"C3704","definitions":[{"description":"An atypical lipomatous tumor/well differentiated liposarcoma that shows progression to a usually non-lipomatous, high grade sarcoma. The non-lipomatous sarcoma component may be present in the primary lesion or at the site of recurrence.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3734":{"preferredName":"Angiomyolipoma","code":"C3734","definitions":[{"description":"A benign (noncancer) tumor of fat and muscle tissue that usually is found in the kidney. Angiomyolipomas rarely cause symptoms, but may bleed or grow large enough to be painful or cause kidney failure. They are common in patients with tuberous sclerosis (a genetic disorder in which benign tumors grow in the kidneys, brain, eyes, heart, lungs, and skin, causing seizures, mental problems, and skin lesions).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation often associated with tuberous sclerosis. It is characterized by a mixture of epithelioid cells, smooth muscle, vessels, and mature adipose tissue. The kidney is the most common site of involvement. Other sites of involvement include the liver, lung, lymph nodes, and retroperitoneum. The vast majority of cases follow a benign clinical course. However, cases of metastatic angiomyolipomas with sarcomatoid features have been described.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiomyolipoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Angiomyolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"angiomyolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3733":{"preferredName":"Angiolipoma","code":"C3733","definitions":[{"description":"A lipoma characterized by prominent vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lipoma with prominent vascularity. The vascular tissue is more abundant at the periphery of the tumor and contains fibrin thrombi. It occurs more frequently in younger individuals as a painful subcutaneous nodule, often on the arms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANGIOLIPOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Angiolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiolipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C6503":{"preferredName":"Chondroid Lipoma","code":"C6503","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm characterized by nests and cord of abundant univacuolated and multivacuolated lipoblasts and mature adipocytes in a prominent myxoid to hyalinized chondroid matrix admix. It predominantly affects females.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chondroid Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3736":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Gland Myelolipoma","code":"C3736","definitions":[{"description":"A benign tumor of the adrenal gland composed of adipocytes and hematopoietic/lymphoid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign soft tissue lesion arising from the adrenal gland. It is composed of mature adipose and hematopoietic/lymphoid tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Myelolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MYELOLIPOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myelolipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myelolipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3702":{"preferredName":"Hibernoma","code":"C3702","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the brown adipose tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare benign slow growing adipose tissue tumor, characterized by the presence of polygonal brown fat cells with multivacuolated and/or granular cytoplasm. The tumor is usually painless and is most often seen in young adults.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brown Fat Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brown Fat Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brown Fat Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brown Fat Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fetal Fat Cell Lipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fetal Fat Cell Lipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HIBERNOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hibernoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4255":{"preferredName":"Lipoblastomatosis","code":"C4255","definitions":[{"description":"A benign disorder characterized by the presence of multiple lipoblastomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fetal Lipomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipoblastomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27483":{"preferredName":"Lipoblastoma","code":"C27483","definitions":[{"description":"A lipoma usually occurring in the extremities of young children (usually boys). It is characterized by lobules of adipose tissue, separated by fibrous septa. The adipose tissue is composed of mature adipocytes and lipoblasts. The lipoblasts may be scarce, depending on the age of the patient.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Embryonic Lipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fetal Lipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infantile Lipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3157":{"preferredName":"Leiomyoma","code":"C3157","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm, originating from smooth muscle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign smooth muscle tumor, usually in the uterus or gastrointestinal tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A well-circumscribed benign smooth muscle neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LEIOMYOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyomatous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leiomyomatous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leiomyomatous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fibroid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3434":{"preferredName":"Uterine Corpus Leiomyoma","code":"C3434","definitions":[{"description":"A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the body of the uterus. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Body of Uterus Fibroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Body of Uterus Leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Corpus Uteri Fibroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Corpus Uteri Leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of Body of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of Corpus Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of Uterine Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of Uterine Corpus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of the Body of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of the Corpus Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of the Uterine Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of the Uterine Corpus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of Body of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of Corpus Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of Uterine Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of Uterine Corpus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of the Body of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of the Corpus Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of the Uterine Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of the Uterine Corpus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Body Fibroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Body Leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Fibroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Leiomyoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Leiomyomata","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Fibroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3748":{"preferredName":"Leiomyomatosis","code":"C3748","definitions":[{"description":"A condition characterized by the presence of numerous small benign smooth muscle neoplasms located throughout the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leiomyomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3158":{"preferredName":"Leiomyosarcoma","code":"C3158","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant (cancer) tumor of smooth muscle cells that can arise almost anywhere in the body, but is most common in the uterus, abdomen, or pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm, originating from smooth muscle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An uncommon, aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, usually occurring in post-menopausal women. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. Morphologic variants include epithelioid, granular cell, inflammatory and myxoid leimyosarcomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEIOMYOSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma (excluding uterine leiomyosarcoma)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma - not uterine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcomas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3486":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Cell Type Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","code":"C3486","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor with epithelioid morphology..","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Type GIST","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Type Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoblastoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stout's Leiomyoblastoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3700":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Leiomyosarcoma","code":"C3700","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of leiomyosarcoma characterized by the presence of epithelioid round cells with eosinophilic to clear cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4256":{"preferredName":"Cellular Leiomyoma","code":"C4256","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of classic leiomyoma characterized by a dense cellular infiltrate composed of spindle or round cells with scant cytoplasm and a less obvious interlacing fascicle pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4257":{"preferredName":"Bizarre Leiomyoma","code":"C4257","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of leiomyoma characterized by the presence of pleomorphic muscle cells with bizarre hyperchromatic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bizarre Leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3747":{"preferredName":"Angioleiomyoma","code":"C3747","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, slow-growing neoplasm that arises from the dermis or subcutaneous tissue. It is characterized by the presence of well-differentiated smooth muscle cells which are arranged around numerous vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angioleiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vascular Leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66771":{"preferredName":"Angiomyosarcoma","code":"C66771","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant smooth muscle neoplasm characterized by the presence of atypical spindle cells and formation of vascular channels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4882":{"preferredName":"Benign Muscle Neoplasm","code":"C4882","definitions":[{"description":"A benign mesenchymal neoplasm arising from smooth, skeletal, or cardiac muscle tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Muscle Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Muscle Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4883":{"preferredName":"Malignant Muscle Neoplasm","code":"C4883","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm affecting the skeletal or smooth muscles. Malignant neoplasms arising from the skeletal muscles are called rhabdomyosarcomas. Malignant neoplasms arising from the smooth muscles are called leiomyosarcomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Muscle Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Muscle Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Muscle Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Muscle Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3701":{"preferredName":"Myxoid Leiomyosarcoma","code":"C3701","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of leiomyosarcoma characterized by the presence of cellular pleomorphism, malignant cells with large nuclei, and a myxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myxoid Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3751":{"preferredName":"Smooth Muscle Neoplasm","code":"C3751","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant myomatous neoplasm arising from smooth muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm of Smooth Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Smooth Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smooth Muscle Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smooth Muscle Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Smooth Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Smooth Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3358":{"preferredName":"Rhabdomyoma","code":"C3358","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from skeletal or cardiac muscle, characterized by the presence of rhabdomyoblasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign mesenchymal tumor arising from skeletal or cardiac muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RHABDOMYOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyomatous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C27369":{"preferredName":"Adult Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C27369","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive rhabdomyosarcoma occurring in adults. The neoplasm is characterized by the presence of bizarre round, spindle, and polygonal cells. Clinical presentation includes a rapidly enlarging painful mass usually in the lower extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4258":{"preferredName":"Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C4258","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with skeletal muscle differentiation, occurring in adults and rarely in children. The tumor is characterized by the presence of bizarre round, spindle, and polygonal cells. Clinical presentation includes a rapidly enlarging painful mass usually of the lower extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4260":{"preferredName":"Fetal Rhabdomyoma","code":"C4260","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm arising from skeletal muscle. It is characterized by the presence of immature spindle and polygonal cells within a scant myxoid stroma. It usually develops in the head and neck region of young children.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fetal Rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6517":{"preferredName":"Genital Rhabdomyoma","code":"C6517","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign skeletal muscle neoplasm arising from the female genital tract. It is characterized by the presence of small nucleated rhabdomyoblasts within a fibrous and myxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genital Rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8971":{"preferredName":"Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C8971","definitions":[{"description":"A soft tissue tumor that is most common in infants and young children. It begins in muscles, usually in the head, neck, or genitourinary tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A poorly circumscribed morphologic variant of rhabdomyosarcoma. It is characterized by the presence of primitive skeletal muscle differentiation in any stage of myogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERMS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9150":{"preferredName":"Botryoid-Type Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C9150","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma arising from organs with a mucosal epithelial surface. It is characterized by the formation of a cambium layer in the affected tissue and polypoid nodules within an abundant myxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Botryoid Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Botryoid-Type Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma Botryoides","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6519":{"preferredName":"Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C6519","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon variant of rhabdomyosarcoma that is characterized by the presence of whorls of spindle cells forming a storiform pattern. In children, it usually arises in the paratesticular region; in adults it usually arises from the deep soft tissues in the head and neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An uncommon variant of rhabdomyosarcoma characterized by the presence of whorls of spindle cells forming a storiform pattern. In children it usually arises in the paratesticular region. In adults it usually arises from the deep soft tissues in the head and neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3749":{"preferredName":"Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C3749","definitions":[{"description":"A soft tissue tumor that is most common in older children and teenagers. It begins in embryonic muscle cells (cells that develop into muscles in the body). It can occur at many places in the body, but usually occurs in the trunk, arms, or legs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rapidly growing malignant mesenchymal neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of round cells with myoblastic differentiation and a fibrovascular stroma resembling an alveolar growth pattern. The tumor usually presents in the extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARMS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ARMS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Monomorphous Round Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4716":{"preferredName":"Ectomesenchymoma","code":"C4716","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, fast-growing tumor of the nervous system or soft tissue that occurs in children and young adults. Ectomesenchymomas may form in the head and neck, abdomen, perineum, scrotum, or limbs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of the nervous system or soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of a sarcomatous component (most often rhabdomyosarcoma) and a ganglionic or a neuroectodermal component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ectomesenchymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ectomesenchymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma with Ganglionic or Neuroectodermal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ectomesenchymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"malignant ectomesenchymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4262":{"preferredName":"Endometrial Stromal Nodule","code":"C4262","definitions":[{"description":"A non-infiltrating, benign mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the uterine corpus. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells that resemble the cells of the proliferative phase of endometrial stroma and numerous thin-walled small vessels. It usually presents with abnormal uterine bleeding and menorrhagia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endometrial Stromal Nodule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8973":{"preferredName":"Endometrioid Stromal Sarcoma","code":"C8973","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant, mesenchymal tumor of the uterine stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that affects the uterine corpus, and rarely, the ovaries, cervix, and vagina. In the uterine corpus it is classified as low grade or high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. In the remainder of the anatomic sites it is classified as low grade endometrioid stromal sarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial stromal sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Stromal Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Stromal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STROMAL SARCOMA, ENDOMETRIAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C8972":{"preferredName":"Uterine Corpus Undifferentiated Sarcoma","code":"C8972","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, high grade sarcoma that arises from the endometrial stroma or myometrium without a specific type of differentiation. It was previously also known as high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. In 2014, high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma was reclassified and is currently considered a distinct and rare neoplasm. Undifferentiated uterine sarcoma has a worse prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Undifferentiated Uterine Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Undifferentiated Endometrial Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Undifferentiated Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4263":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Endometrioid Stromal Sarcoma","code":"C4263","definitions":[{"description":"An infiltrating mesenchymal tumor arising from the uterine corpus, cervix, vagina, and the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of oval to spindle-shape cells that resemble the cells of the endometrial stroma, without evidence of significant atypia and pleomorphism. Numerous small vessels are also present. It is usually characterized by indolent growth and late recurrences.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endolymphatic Stromal Myosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Endometrioid Stromal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3726":{"preferredName":"Adenomyoma","code":"C3726","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of a glandular and a mesenchymal component.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of a glandular and a mesenchymal (fibromyomatous) component. It occurs in the uterine corpus and the cervix. A variant of adenomyoma associated with glandular architectural complexity is called atypical polypoid adenomyoma. Simple polypectomy is usually curative. Atypical polypoid adenomyoma may recur following polypectomy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMYOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6895":{"preferredName":"Atypical Polypoid Adenomyoma","code":"C6895","definitions":[{"description":"An adenomyoma characterized by the presence of marked glandular architectural complexity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Polypoid Adenomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9474":{"preferredName":"Adenosarcoma","code":"C9474","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor that is a mixture of an adenoma (a tumor that starts in the gland-like cells of epithelial tissue) and a sarcoma (a tumor that starts in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue). An example of an adenosarcoma is Wilms tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A low grade malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of a benign epithelial component (tubular and cleft-like glands) and a low grade sarcomatous component that contains varying amounts of fibrous and smooth muscle tissues. In a minority of cases, the sarcomatous component contains heterologous elements including striated muscle, cartilage, and fat. It occurs in the uterine corpus, ovary, fallopian tube, cervix, and vagina. It may recur and in a minority of cases may metastasize to distant anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mullerian Adenosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Müllerian Adenosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"adenosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C66772":{"preferredName":"Benign Stromal Tumor","code":"C66772","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of mesenchymal stromal cells without evidence of cellular atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6781":{"preferredName":"Stromal Neoplasm","code":"C6781","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor that arises in the supporting connective tissue of an organ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm composed of stromal cells. Representative examples include gastrointestinal stromal tumor, endometrial stromal sarcoma, and prostate stromal sarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stromal Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stromal Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"stromal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6926":{"preferredName":"Stromal Sarcoma","code":"C6926","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of atypical mesenchymal-stromal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of atypical mesenchymal-stromal cells. Representative examples include endometrial stromal sarcoma and prostate stromal sarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"STROMAL SARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Stromal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stromal Tumor, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C27242":{"preferredName":"Low Risk Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","code":"C27242","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LR GIST","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Risk GIST","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Risk Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3868":{"preferredName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","code":"C3868","definitions":[{"description":"A type of tumor that usually begins in cells in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. It can be benign or malignant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A stromal tumor most commonly seen in the gastrointestinal tract. Rare cases of solitary masses in the omentum or the mesentery have also been reported (extragastrointestinal gastrointestinal stromal tumor). It is a tumor that differentiates along the lines of interstitial cells of Cajal. Most cases contain KIT- or PDGFRA-activating mutations. Until recently, surgery has been the only effective therapy for this tumor. However, many patients still experience recurrence. Conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy have been of limited value. A KIT tyrosine kinase inhibitor, imatinib mesylate (also known as STI-571 or Gleevec), is now effective in the treatment of relapsed and unresectable cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GIST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GIST","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"gastrointestinal stromal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C27940":{"preferredName":"Gastrointestinal Autonomic Nerve Tumor","code":"C27940","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of gastrointestinal stromal tumor with ultrastructural features of neural differentiation. It is composed of spindle or epithelioid neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GANT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Autonomic Nerve Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor with Neurogenic Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54000":{"preferredName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential","code":"C54000","definitions":[{"description":"A gastrointestinal stromal tumor that is characterized by a maximum diameter greater than 5 cm and equal or less than 10 cm (gastric localization), or greater than 2 cm and equal or less than 5 cm (intestinal localization) and no more than 5 mitotic figures per 50 high power fields.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential","termGroup":"HD","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27243":{"preferredName":"High Risk Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","code":"C27243","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HR GIST","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Risk GIST","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Risk Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8602":{"preferredName":"Pleomorphic Adenoma","code":"C8602","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of epithelial and/or myoepithelial cells and a mesenchymal component.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A neoplasm characterized by the presence of benign epithelial and myoepithelial cells and a mesenchymal component that may contain mucoid, myxoid, cartilaginous, or osseous areas. It may be completely or partially encapsulated. It occurs in the parotid gland, submandibular gland, minor salivary glands in the oral cavity, upper respiratory tract, and nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. It usually presents as a slow growing painless mass. Infrequently, patients may present with pain and facial palsy. It may recur after excision or transform to a malignant neoplasm (carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleomorphic Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TUMOR, MIXED, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C4474":{"preferredName":"Mixed Tumor of the Skin (Chondroid Syringoma)","code":"C4474","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, benign, slow-growing and painless neoplasm of sweat glands. It usually arises in the head and neck. It is characterized by the presence of a mesenchymal chondroid stroma, fibrosis, and epithelial structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Mixed Tumor of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Mixed Tumor of Skin (Chondroid Syringoma)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Mixed Tumor of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Mixed Tumor of the Skin (Chondroid Syringoma)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chondroid Syringoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Tumor of the Skin (Chondroid Syringoma)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6930":{"preferredName":"Mixed Neoplasm","code":"C6930","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm composed of at least two distinct cellular populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8025":{"preferredName":"Malignant Mixed Tumor of the Salivary Gland","code":"C8025","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the salivary gland. It includes carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, a malignant epithelial tumor arising from a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma and carcinosarcoma which is characterized by a mixture of malignant epithelial and sarcomatous elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Cell Type Neoplasm of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Cell Type Neoplasm of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Neoplasm of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Neoplasm of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Tumor of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Tumor of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Tumor of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Salivary Gland Mixed Cell Type Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Salivary Gland Mixed Cell Type Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Salivary Gland Mixed Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Salivary Gland Mixed Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Malignant Neoplasm of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Malignant Neoplasm of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Malignant Salivary Gland Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Malignant Salivary Gland Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Malignant Tumor of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Malignant Tumor of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4397":{"preferredName":"Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma","code":"C4397","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma arising in a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma. It most often occurs in the parotid gland and less often in the submandibular gland and minor salivary gland. Patients usually present with a history of a long-standing mass which recently had undergone rapid growth. The prognosis depends on the invasiveness of the malignant component. Patients with non-invasive or minimally invasive tumors usually have a good prognosis following surgical resection. Invasive tumors are usually aggressive and are associated with recurrences and metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in Pleomorphic Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3730":{"preferredName":"Mixed Mesodermal (Mullerian) Tumor","code":"C3730","definitions":[{"description":"A rare cancer of the uterus, ovary, or fallopian tubes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A group of tumors affecting the female reproductive system, characterized by the presence of epithelial and stromal elements. It includes the following clinicopathological entities: adenofibroma, adenomyoma, Mullerian adenosarcoma, and malignant mixed mesodermal (Mullerian) tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Mesodermal (Mullerian) Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mesodermal (Mullerian) Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mesodermal (Müllerian) Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mesodermal (Müllerian) Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mullerian Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Müllerian Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mullerian tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7504":{"preferredName":"Cystic Nephroma","code":"C7504","definitions":[{"description":"A benign encapsulated neoplasm of the kidney, characterized by the presence of cysts separated by septa. There are no solid areas present. The septa are lined by one layer of epithelial cells that have eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm. The cystic spaces contain serous or hemorrhagic fluid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Cystic Nephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Nephroma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cystic Nephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6897":{"preferredName":"Cystic Partially Differentiated Nephroblastoma","code":"C6897","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, cystic variant of Wilms tumor wholly comprising cysts in which their thin septa form the only solid portion of the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A variant of Wilms tumor of the kidney characterized by the presence of cystic spaces separated by septa. The septa contain immature epithelial cells, immature stromal cells, and blastema cells. Surgical resection is usually curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystic Partially Differentiated Nephroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Partially Differentiated Nephroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Malignant Cystic Nephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Multilocular Cystic Nephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40407":{"preferredName":"Kidney Wilms Tumor","code":"C40407","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which malignant (cancer) cells are found in the kidney, and may spread to the lungs, liver, or nearby lymph nodes. Wilms tumor usually occurs in children younger than 5 years old.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant embryonal neoplasm of the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An embryonal pediatric tumor of the kidney which may also be seen rarely in adults. The peak incidence of Wilms tumor is between the second and fifth year of life. Microscopically, it is composed of a mixture of cellular elements (blastemal, stromal, and epithelial). The most common sites of metastasis include the regional lymph nodes, lungs, and liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Embryonal Nephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Kidney Wilms Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEPHROBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nephroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Nephroblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nephroblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Wilms Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Wilms' Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Wilms' Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wilms Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Wilms Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wilms' Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Wilms' Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wilms' tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3808":{"preferredName":"Rhabdoid Tumor","code":"C3808","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant tumor of either the central nervous system (CNS) or the kidney. Malignant rhabdoid tumors of the CNS often have an abnormality of chromosome 22. These tumors usually occur in children younger than 2 years.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Extremely aggressive malignancies that generally occur in infants and young children. The most common locations are the kidney and central nervous system (CNS), although they can also arise in most soft tissue sites. Approximately two-thirds of patients will present with advanced-stage disease. Rhabdoid tumors of the kidney tend to metastasize to the CNS and lungs. Rhabdoid tumors are associated with mutations of SMARCB1 (INI-1), a tumor suppressor gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An aggressive malignant embryonal neoplasm usually occurring during childhood. It is characterized by the presence of large cells with abundant cytoplasm, large eccentric nucleus, and a prominent nucleolus and it is associated with abnormalities of chromosome 22. It can arise from the central nervous system, kidney, and the soft tissues. The prognosis is poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rhabdoid Sarcoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"rhabdoid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4264":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney","code":"C4264","definitions":[{"description":"A rare primary renal tumor characterized by nests or cords of cells that are separated by regularly spaced fibrovascular septa, and which are known to metastasize to lung, bone, brain and soft tissue. It is associated with internal tandem duplications in the BCOR gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare type of kidney cancer, in which the inside of the cells look clear when viewed under a microscope. Clear cell sarcoma can spread from the kidney to other organs, most commonly the bone, but also including the lungs, brain, and soft tissues of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare pediatric sarcoma affecting the kidney. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid or spindle cells forming cords or nests, separated by fibrovascular septa. It is associated with internal tandem duplications in the BCOR gene. It metastasizes to lung, bone, brain and soft tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCSK","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Kidney Clear Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Renal Clear Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Clear cell sarcoma - kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Kidney Clear Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pediatric Kidney Clear Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pediatric Renal Clear Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Clear Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"clear cell sarcoma of the kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C39812":{"preferredName":"Metanephric Adenofibroma","code":"C39812","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, solitary, and partially cystic neoplasm arising from the kidney. It occurs in children and adults. Presenting symptoms include hematuria and polycythemia. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial nodules embedded in a stroma containing spindle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metanephric Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3728":{"preferredName":"Hepatoblastoma","code":"C3728","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant liver neoplasm composed of immature hepatocytic elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant liver tumor that arises from precursors of hepatocytes. It occurs almost exclusively in infants. The lungs are the most common site of metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of liver tumor that occurs in infants and children.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant liver neoplasm that occurs almost exclusively in infants, although isolated cases in older children and adults have been reported. Grossly, hepatoblastoma is solid, well circumscribed, and more often solitary than multiple. Microscopically, most of the tumors are composed exclusively of immature hepatocytic elements. About a fourth of hepatoblastomas contain a stromal component that may be undifferentiated or develop into bone or cartilage. The treatment of choice for hepatoblastoma is surgical excision with adjuvant therapy. Liver transplantation is being increasingly used as well.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HBL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HBL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HEPATOBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pediatric Embryonal Hepatoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pediatric Embryonal Hepatoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pediatric Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pediatric Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7097":{"preferredName":"Mixed Epithelial and Mesenchymal Hepatoblastoma","code":"C7097","definitions":[{"description":"A hepatoblastoma characterized by the presence of fetal and embryonal epithelial components and a mesenchymal component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A hepatoblastoma characterized by the presence of fetal and embryonal epithelial components and a mesenchymal component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Epithelial and Mesenchymal Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Epithelial and Mesenchymal Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C4265":{"preferredName":"Pancreatoblastoma","code":"C4265","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from the pancreas. The vast majority of cases occur during childhood. It is characterized by acinar differentiation, the formation of squamoid corpuscles, and the formation of stromal bands. Patients may present with an abdominal mass. Symptoms include pain, weight loss, and diarrhea. It may metastasize to lymph nodes, liver, and distant anatomic sites. Children who do not have metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis usually have a favorable clinical outcome when treated with a combination of surgery and chemotherapy. However, children with metastatic disease at presentation or adult patients usually have a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3732":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Blastoma","code":"C3732","definitions":[{"description":"A biphasic tumor that consists of fetal adenocarcinoma (typically low-grade) and primitive mesenchymal stroma. Foci of specific mesenchymal differentiation (osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, or rhabdomyosarcoma) may also be present, but are not required for the diagnosis. Most patients are smokers. The prognosis is very poor. (WHO 2015)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blastoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blastoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Blastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pneumoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C5669":{"preferredName":"Pleuropulmonary Blastoma","code":"C5669","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm affecting the lungs and/or the pleura. Pleuropulmonary blastoma is seen in children. Microscopically, the tumor may show features of chondrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, or undifferentiated sarcoma. In approximately 25% of patients there is a predisposition for other tumors. Heterozygous germline mutations in DICER1 gene have been identified in families harboring pleuropulmonary blastomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare and very aggressive (fast-growing) cancer that forms in tissues of the lung and pleura (a thin layer of tissue that covers the lungs and lines the interior wall of the chest cavity). Pleuropulmonary blastoma is most common in children.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm affecting the lungs and/or the pleura. Pleuropulmonary blastoma is seen in children. Microscopically, the tumor may show features of chondrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, or undifferentiated sarcoma. In approximately 25% of patients with pleuropulmonary blastoma, there are other lesions or neoplasms that may affect patients or their families, including lung or kidney cysts, and ovarian or testicular neoplasms. Heterozygous germline mutations in DICER1 gene have been identified in families harboring pleuropulmonary blastomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleuropulmonary Blastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pleuropulmonary Blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pleuropulmonary Blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleuropulmonary Blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Blastoma of Childhood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pleuropulmonary blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C34448":{"preferredName":"Carcinosarcoma","code":"C34448","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm comprising a mixture of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant tumor that is a mixture of carcinoma (cancer of epithelial tissue, which is skin and tissue that lines or covers the internal organs) and sarcoma (cancer of connective tissue, such as bone, cartilage, and fat).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor composed of a mixture of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C40392":{"preferredName":"Myoepithelial Tumor","code":"C40392","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant tumor characterized by the presence of cells that show myoepithelial differentiation. Based on its morphologic features, it is classified as benign or malignant. A representative example of benign myoepithelioma is benign salivary gland myoepithelioma. Representative examples of malignant myoepithelioma or myoepithelial carcinoma are malignant breast myoepithelioma and salivary gland myoepithelial carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myoepithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myoepithelial Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myoepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7442":{"preferredName":"Benign Myoepithelioma","code":"C7442","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of myoepithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tumor with myoepithelial differentiation that lacks an infiltrative growth pattern and does not metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Myoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MYOEPITHELIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C7596":{"preferredName":"Malignant Myoepithelioma","code":"C7596","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of myoepithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An infiltrating malignant tumor characterized by the presence of atypical cells with myoepithelial differentiation. Representative examples include malignant breast myoepithelioma and salivary gland myoepithelial carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MYOEPITHELIOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Myoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Myoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Myoepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myoepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myoepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4267":{"preferredName":"Benign Mesenchymoma","code":"C4267","definitions":[{"description":"A benign soft-tissue neoplasm comprising two or more non-fibroblastic mesenchymal lines of differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A term describing a benign soft tissue tumor which consists of two or more mesenchymal lines of differentiation, excluding a fibroblastic line of differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Mesenchymoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MESENCHYMAL TUMOR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C3233":{"preferredName":"Mesenchymoma","code":"C3233","definitions":[{"description":"A term describing a soft tissue tumor which consists of two or more mesenchymal lines of differentiation, excluding a fibroblastic line of differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesenchymoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4268":{"preferredName":"Malignant Mesenchymoma","code":"C4268","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant soft tissue neoplasm which consists of two or more mesenchymal lines of differentiation, excluding a fibroblastic line of differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A term describing a malignant soft tissue tumor which consists of two or more mesenchymal lines of differentiation, excluding a fibroblastic line of differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MESENCHYMOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesenchymoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27096":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated (Embryonal) Sarcoma","code":"C27096","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant neoplasm of the liver that is most common in youth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the liver and usually occurs in older children. It is composed of immature spindle, stellate, polymorphous, and giant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Embryonal Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Sarcoma (Undifferentiated Sarcoma)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Sarcoma, Undifferentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SARCOMA, UNDIFFERENTIATED, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"UES","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated (Embryonal) Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C39954":{"preferredName":"Brenner Tumor","code":"C39954","definitions":[{"description":"A usually benign tumor composed of solid and cystic nests of epithelial cells resembling transitional epithelium; it is surrounded by an abundant stromal component that is dense and fibroblastic in nature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9459":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Brenner Tumor/Atypical Proliferative Ovarian Brenner Tumor","code":"C9459","definitions":[{"description":"A transitional cell neoplasm of low malignant potential arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic transitional cells with atypical or malignant features without evidence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Brenner Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Brenner Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Brenner Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Brenner Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Brenner Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Brenner Tumor/Atypical Proliferative Ovarian Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Brenner Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Brenner Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Brenner Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Brenner Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Ovarian Brenner Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Ovarian Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Brenner Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Brenner Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Brenner Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Brenner Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Ovarian Brenner Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Ovarian Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4270":{"preferredName":"Malignant Ovarian Brenner Tumor","code":"C4270","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of an invasive malignant transitional cell component and nests of benign transitional cells in a fibrotic stroma. When the neoplasm is confined to the ovary, the prognosis is good.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Brenner Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Brenner Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3744":{"preferredName":"Breast Fibroadenoma","code":"C3744","definitions":[{"description":"A benign (not cancer) tumor that usually forms in the breast from both fibrous and glandular tissue. Fibroadenomas are the most common benign breast tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm originating from glandular cells with a fibrous or fibroblastic component.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign tumor of the breast characterized by the presence of stromal and epithelial elements. It presents as a painless, solitary, slow growing, firm, and mobile mass. It is the most common benign breast lesion. It usually occurs in women of childbearing age. The majority of fibroadenomas do not recur after complete excision. A slightly increased risk of developing cancer within fibroadenomas or in the breast tissue of patients previously treated for fibroadenomas has been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FIBROADENOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroadenoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroadenoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroadenoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroadenoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4271":{"preferredName":"Breast Intracanalicular Fibroadenoma","code":"C4271","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of breast fibroadenoma without clinical significance. It is characterized by distortion and compression of the ducts by proliferating stromal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Intracanalicular Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracanalicular Breast Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracanalicular Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracanalicular Fibroadenoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracanalicular Fibroadenoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4272":{"preferredName":"Breast Pericanalicular Fibroadenoma","code":"C4272","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of breast fibroadenoma without clinical significance. It is characterized by circumferential proliferation of stromal cells around the ducts. This results in the formation of rounded ductal-epithelial structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Pericanalicular Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pericanalicular Breast Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pericanalicular Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pericanalicular Fibroadenoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pericanalicular Fibroadenoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8984":{"preferredName":"Female Reproductive System Adenofibroma","code":"C8984","definitions":[{"description":"Benign mixed neoplasm comprised of epithelial/glandular and mesenchymal structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of connective tissue stroma and epithelial structures. It occurs in the ovary, fallopian tube, uterine corpus, and cervix. Cases of adenofibroma of the ovary with low grade malignant potential have also been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOFIBROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Mixed Muellerian Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Female Reproductive System Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8985":{"preferredName":"Cystadenofibroma","code":"C8985","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or borderline neoplasm that arises from the ovaries and the fallopian tubes. It is characterized by the presence of cystic glandular structures and fibrous tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystadenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8986":{"preferredName":"Papillary Adenofibroma","code":"C8986","definitions":[{"description":"A biphasic polypoid neoplasm characterized by the presence of papillary projections that are lined by epithelial cells and fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C67090":{"preferredName":"Serous Adenofibroma","code":"C67090","definitions":[{"description":"A benign adenofibroma characterized by the presence of serous secretory cells and minute cystic spaces filled with watery fluid. A representative example is the ovarian serous adenofibroma. Cases with epithelial atypia described in the ovary lacking stromal invasion are designated as borderline serous adenofibromas and have a low grade malignant potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serous Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8978":{"preferredName":"Mucinous Adenofibroma","code":"C8978","definitions":[{"description":"A benign adenofibroma characterized by the presence of epithelial cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin and a fibrotic stroma. A representative example is the ovarian mucinous adenofibroma. Cases with epithelial atypia described in the ovary lacking stromal invasion are designated as borderline mucinous adenofibromas and have a low grade malignant potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucinous Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8979":{"preferredName":"Mucinous Cystadenofibroma","code":"C8979","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by mucinous columnar epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucinous Cystadenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4273":{"preferredName":"Breast Giant Fibroadenoma","code":"C4273","definitions":[{"description":"A breast fibroadenoma characterized by a very large size. This term has also been used as a synonym for juvenile fibroadenoma by some authors. The latter is characterized by epithelial hyperplasia and an increased stromal cellularity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Giant Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Breast Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Fibroadenoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Fibroadenoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4274":{"preferredName":"Benign Phyllodes Tumor","code":"C4274","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, circumscribed fibroepithelial neoplasm arising from the breast and rarely the prostate gland. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial structures which are arranged in clefts and by a hypercellular mesenchymal stroma which is organized in leaf-like structures. There is no evidence of cellular atypia or sarcomatous features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Cystosarcoma Phyllodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Phyllodes Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Phyllodes Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7503":{"preferredName":"Borderline Phyllodes Tumor","code":"C7503","definitions":[{"description":"A phyllodes tumor with morphologic characteristics which are intermediate between a benign and a malignant phyllodes tumor. The stromal sarcomatous changes are of low grade and are often reminiscent of low grade fibrosarcomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Phyllodes Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Phyllodes Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2977":{"preferredName":"Phyllodes Tumor","code":"C2977","definitions":[{"description":"A type of tumor found in breast or prostate tissue. It is often large and bulky and grows quickly. It may be benign (not cancer) or malignant (cancer) and may spread to other parts of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign, borderline, or malignant fibroepithelial neoplasm arising from the breast and rarely the prostate gland. It may recur following resection. The recurrence rates are higher for borderline and malignant phyllodes tumors. In borderline and malignant phyllodes tumors metastases to distant anatomic sites can occur. The incidence of metastases is higher in malignant phyllodes tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CSP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cystosarcoma Phyllodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phyllodes Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phyllodes Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Phyllodes Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cystosarcoma phyllodes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"phyllodes tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4275":{"preferredName":"Malignant Phyllodes Tumor","code":"C4275","definitions":[{"description":"A phyllodes tumor with sarcomatous stroma. The sarcomatous component is usually of the fibrosarcomatous type. Liposarcomatous, chondrosarcomatous, osteosarcomatous, or rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation may also occur in the stroma. It may recur and metastasize following surgical resection. The lung and skeleton are the anatomic sites most frequently involved by metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Cystosarcoma Phyllodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Phyllodes Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Phyllodes Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4276":{"preferredName":"Breast Juvenile Fibroadenoma","code":"C4276","definitions":[{"description":"A breast fibroadenoma characterized by epithelial hyperplasia and an increased stromal cellularity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Juvenile Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Breast Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Fibroadenoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Fibroadenoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3829":{"preferredName":"Benign Synovial Neoplasm","code":"C3829","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from the synovial membrane.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from the synovial membrane. Examples include the diffuse giant cell tumor of tendon sheath and localized giant cell tumor of tendon sheath.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Synovial Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Synovial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Synovial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Synovioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Synovioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYNOVIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C3400":{"preferredName":"Synovial Sarcoma","code":"C3400","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm that usually arises in the synovial membranes of the joints and the synovial cells of the tendons and bursae.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant tumor that develops in the synovial membrane of the joints.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by the chromosomal translocation t(X;18)(p11;q11). It can occur at any age, but mainly affects young adults, more commonly males. Although any site can be affected, the vast majority of the cases arise in the deep soft tissues of extremities, especially around the knee. Microscopically, synovial sarcoma is classified as monophasic (with a spindle or epithelial cell component) or biphasic (with both spindle and epithelial cell components). Synovial sarcomas can recur or metastasize to the lungs, bones, and lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SARCOMA, SYNOVIAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovial Sarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovial Sarcoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovial sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"synovial sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4277":{"preferredName":"Spindle Cell Synovial Sarcoma","code":"C4277","definitions":[{"description":"A synovial sarcoma characterized by the presence of a spindle cell component only.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spindle Cell Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovial Sarcoma with Spindle Cell Components","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4278":{"preferredName":"Epithelial Synovial Sarcoma","code":"C4278","definitions":[{"description":"A synovial sarcoma characterized by the presence of an epithelial cell component only. The epithelial cells are arranged in glandular or papillary structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelial Sarcoma of Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Sarcoma of the Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Sarcoma of Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Sarcoma of the Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4279":{"preferredName":"Biphasic Synovial Sarcoma","code":"C4279","definitions":[{"description":"A synovial sarcoma characterized by the presence of both an epithelial and a spindle cell component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biphasic Sarcoma of Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biphasic Sarcoma of the Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biphasic Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3745":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of Soft Tissue","code":"C3745","definitions":[{"description":"A soft tissue tumor that begins in a tendon (tough, fibrous, cord-like tissue that connects muscle to bone or to another structure). Clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue has certain markers that are also found on malignant melanoma (a type of skin cancer). It usually occurs in the leg or arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare malignant neoplasm with melanocytic differentiation characterized by the presence of polygonal or spindle shaped clear cells. This sarcoma usually affects the tendons and aponeuroses and is associated with a poor prognosis due to recurrences and metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chordoid Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of Soft Parts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear cell sarcoma - not kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Clear cell sarcoma/Malignant melanoma of soft parts (excluding Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma of Soft Parts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma of the Soft Parts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"malignant melanoma of soft parts","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3762":{"preferredName":"Adenomatoid Tumor","code":"C3762","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells. It is characterized by the formation of glandular and tubular patterns. It can occur in several anatomic sites including the pleura, peritoneum, and epididymis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenomatoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenomatoid Tumor, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Localized Epithelial Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Localized Epithelial Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Mesothelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Mesothelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Mesothelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Mesothelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MESOTHELIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4456":{"preferredName":"Malignant Mesothelioma","code":"C4456","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm originating from mesothelial cells of the pleura or peritoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare type of cancer in which malignant cells are found in the sac lining the chest or abdomen. Exposure to airborne asbestos particles increases one's risk of developing malignant mesothelioma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the pleura or peritoneum, arising from mesothelial cells. It is associated with exposure to asbestos.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MESOTHELIOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesothelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesothelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesothelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesothelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesothelioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"malignant mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4457":{"preferredName":"Pleural Solitary Fibrous Tumor","code":"C4457","definitions":[{"description":"A localized neoplasm of probable fibroblastic derivation, that arises from the pleura. It is characterized by the presence of round to spindle-shaped cells, hylanized stroma formation, thin-walled branching blood vessels, and thin bands of collagen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroma of Pleura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroma of the Pleura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Localized Fibrous Mesothelioma of Pleura","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Localized Fibrous Mesothelioma of the Pleura","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural Solitary Fibrous Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural Submesothelial Fibroma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Fibrous Tumor of Pleura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Pleura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45655":{"preferredName":"Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma","code":"C45655","definitions":[{"description":"A diffuse malignant mesothelioma arising from the pleura and less often the peritoneum. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells. Anaplastic morphologic features and multinucleated malignant cells may also be seen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6747":{"preferredName":"Desmoplastic Mesothelioma","code":"C6747","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells. It is characterized by the presence of a dense collagenous tissue and atypical neoplastic cells. Sarcomatoid features, collagenous necrosis, and infiltration of muscle and adipose tissue may be present. It occurs in the pleura and less commonly in the peritoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Desmoplastic Mesothelioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7985":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Mesothelioma","code":"C7985","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells in the pleura. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with an epithelioid appearance. In the majority of cases, the neoplastic epithelioid cells lack significant cytologic atypia; mitotic figures are infrequently seen. In a minority of cases, the neoplastic cells are poorly differentiated and there is evidence of nuclear atypia and increased mitotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelial Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Mesothelioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelial Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4282":{"preferredName":"Biphasic Mesothelioma","code":"C4282","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells in the pleura. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelioid cells and sarcomatoid features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biphasic Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Biphasic Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3765":{"preferredName":"Multicystic Mesothelioma","code":"C3765","definitions":[{"description":"An intermediate grade neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells. It occurs in the peritoneum, extraperitoneal space, omentum, or pelvic or abdominal viscera. It is characterized by the presence of multiple cysts lined by flattened or cuboidal mesothelial cells. There is no evidence of significant cytologic atypia or increased mitotic activity. It usually occurs in young to middle-aged women. Patients present with abdominal or pelvic mass and pain. Approximately half of the cases recur. The recurrences may appear several years after the initial diagnosis. Rare cases of transformation to malignant mesothelioma have also been described.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystic Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intermediate Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multicystic Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2996":{"preferredName":"Dysgerminoma","code":"C2996","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant germ cell neoplasm characterized by the presence of a monotonous primitive germ cell population, primarily in the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A seminomatous germ cell tumor originating in the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of tumor that begins in the type of cells that give rise to egg cells and is most often found in the ovaries. Dysgerminomas may also occur in other places in the body, including the central nervous system. They are the most common type of ovarian germ cell tumor and can spread to other parts of the body. They are most common in females who are younger than 20 years old.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of a monotonous primitive germ cell population. The neoplastic cells form aggregates and have an abundant pale cytoplasm and uniform nuclei. The aggregates of the germ cells are separated by fibrous septa which contain inflammatory cells, mostly T-lymphocytes. It arises primarily in the ovaries, but can occur both primarily and secondarily at other sites, particularly the central nervous system. It responds to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Its prognosis is related to the tumor stage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DYSGERMINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dysgerminoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dysgerminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dysgerminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysgerminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"dysgerminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9309":{"preferredName":"Seminoma","code":"C9309","definitions":[{"description":"A germinomatous germ cell tumor originating in the testis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A malignant germ cell neoplasm of the testis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of cancer of the testicles. Seminomas may spread to the lung, bone, liver, or brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radiosensitive malignant germ cell tumor found in the testis (especially undescended), and extragonadal sites (anterior mediastinum and pineal gland). It is characterized by the presence of uniform cells with clear or dense cytoplasm which contains glycogen, and by a large nucleus which contains one or more nucleoli. The neoplastic germ cells form aggregates separated by fibrous septa. The fibrous septa contain chronic inflammatory cells, mainly lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SEMINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Seminoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Seminoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Seminoma, Pure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Seminoma, Pure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C39920":{"preferredName":"Testicular Seminoma with High Mitotic Index","code":"C39920","definitions":[{"description":"A seminoma of the testis characterized by increased cellular pleomorphism, high mitotic activity, and a non-prominent stromal lymphocytic infiltrate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Seminoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Seminoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Seminoma with High Mitotic Index","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C39921":{"preferredName":"Testicular Spermatocytic Seminoma","code":"C39921","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of seminoma characterized by the presence of three cell types: round cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm, small cells with dark nucleus and a small amount of cytoplasm, and mono-or multinucleated giant cells. The neoplastic cells are not cohesive. There is an edematous stroma present; lymphocytic infiltrates are rarely seen. Most patients are older males.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spermatocytic Seminoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Spermatocytic Seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3753":{"preferredName":"Germinoma","code":"C3753","definitions":[{"description":"A germinomatous germ cell tumor arising in the central nervous system; it is histologically identical to the dysgerminoma and seminoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A malignant germ cell tumor arising in the central nervous system. It is characterized by the presence of primitive, large malignant germ cells and lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Germinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Germinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Germinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Germinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Germinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C121619":{"preferredName":"Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor","code":"C121619","definitions":[{"description":"A germ cell tumor other than a pure germinoma. These tumors (choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, yolk sac tumor, and mixed germ cell tumor) are histologically distinct from one another.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A term that refers to teratoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, or mixed forms of these tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-dysgerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Non-germinomatous Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Non-seminomatous Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor Including Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3752":{"preferredName":"Embryonal Carcinoma","code":"C3752","definitions":[{"description":"A non-seminomatous malignant germ cell neoplasm of the testis or ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of large germ cells with abundant cytoplasm resembling epithelial cells, geographic necrosis, high mitotic activity, and pseudoglandular and pseudopapillary structures formation. It can arise from the testis, ovary, and extragonadal sites (central nervous system and mediastinum).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, EMBRYONAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, Embryonal, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Embryonal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Embryonal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Embryonal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3011":{"preferredName":"Yolk Sac Tumor","code":"C3011","definitions":[{"description":"A non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor composed of primitive germ cells and which produce an eosinophilic substance (alpha-fetoprotein).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor composed of primitive germ cells. It is the most common malignant germ cell tumor in the pediatric population. It occurs in the infant testis, ovary, sacrococcygeal region, vagina, uterus, prostate, abdomen, liver, retroperitoneum, thorax, and pineal/third ventricle. The tumor mimics the yolk sac of the embryo and produces alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Treatment includes: surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy. This tumor is very responsive to chemotherapy regimens that include cisplatinum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma, Yolk Sac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endodermal Sinus Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endodermal Sinus Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endodermal Sinus Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endodermal Sinus Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YOLK SAC TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Tumor Site Unspecified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Tumour Site Unspecified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3754":{"preferredName":"Gonadoblastoma","code":"C3754","definitions":[{"description":"A mixed germ cell/sex cord-stromal tumor characterized by the presence of large germ cells that resemble seminoma cells and small cells that resemble Sertoli or granulosa cells. It occurs in the testis and the ovary, and is identified in children and adults. It is often associated with gonadal dysgenesis and abnormal karyotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A mixed germ cell/sex cord-stromal tumor characterized by the presence of large germ cells which resemble seminoma cells and small cells which resemble Sertoli or granulosa cells. It occurs in the testis and the ovary and is identified in children and adults. It is often associated with gonadal dysgenesis and abnormal karyotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gonadoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gonadoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C9015":{"preferredName":"Mature Teratoma","code":"C9015","definitions":[{"description":"A type of benign (not cancer) germ cell tumor (type of tumor that begins in the cells that give rise to sperm or eggs) that often contains several different types of tissue such as hair, muscle, and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A teratoma which may be cystic; it is composed entirely of well differentiated, adult-type mature tissues, without evidence of fetal-type immature tissues (grade 0 teratoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade 0 Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mature teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9012":{"preferredName":"Adult Cystic Teratoma","code":"C9012","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Cystic Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9013":{"preferredName":"Adult Teratoma","code":"C9013","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teratoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}]}}{"C9014":{"preferredName":"Cystic Teratoma","code":"C9014","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystic Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3403":{"preferredName":"Teratoma","code":"C3403","definitions":[{"description":"A non-germinomatous germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of various tissues which correspond to the different germinal layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm). It occurs in the testis, ovary, and extragonadal sites including central nervous system, mediastinum, lung, and stomach. According to the level of differentiation of the tissues which comprise the tumor, teratomas are classified as mature or immature. Mature teratomas are composed of well differentiated, adult-type tissues. Immature teratomas are composed of immature, fetal-type tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of germ cell tumor that may contain several different types of tissue, such as hair, muscle, and bone. Teratomas occur most often in the ovaries in women, the testicles in men, and the tailbone in children. Not all teratomas are malignant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-seminomatous germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of various tissues which correspond to the different germinal layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm). It occurs in the testis, ovary, and extragonadal sites including central nervous system, mediastinum, lung, and stomach. According to the level of differentiation of the tissues which comprise the tumor, teratomas are classified as benign (grade 0 or 1), immature (grade 2), and malignant (grade 3). Grade 0 teratomas contain only mature elements; grade 1 teratomas have a limited degree of immaturity; grade 2 teratomas have a more extensive degree of immaturity; grade 3 teratomas are composed exclusively of immature tissues. The prognosis depends on patient age, tumor size and grade, and stage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Teratoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4286":{"preferredName":"Immature Teratoma","code":"C4286","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant germ-cell neoplasm derived from pluripotent cells and consisting of components from one or more of the three germ-cell layers.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare type of malignant (cancer) germ cell tumor (type of tumor that begins in the cells that give rise to sperm or eggs) that often contains several different types of tissue such as hair, muscle, and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A teratoma characterized by the presence of an extensive component of immature, fetal-type tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade 2 Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immature Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immature Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immature Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"TERATOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"immature teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3756":{"preferredName":"Mixed Embryonal Carcinoma and Teratoma","code":"C3756","definitions":[{"description":"A type of germ cell cancer that usually forms in the testes (testicles).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of an embryonal carcinoma component and a teratoma component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Embryonal Carcinoma and Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teratocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"teratocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4287":{"preferredName":"Malignant Teratoma","code":"C4287","definitions":[{"description":"A teratoma composed exclusively of immature tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade 3 Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4288":{"preferredName":"Intermediate Immature Teratoma","code":"C4288","definitions":[{"description":"An immature teratoma characterized by the presence of an intermediate amount of undifferentiated tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intermediate Immature Teratoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intermediate Malignant Teratoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9011":{"preferredName":"Dermoid Cyst","code":"C9011","definitions":[{"description":"A benign hamartomatous tumor that possesses various epidermal derivatives and is due to sequestration of skin along the lines of embryonic closure. In neonates, it is most commonly congenital and located in the subcutaneous tissues of the head, neck, or trunk.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm comprised of a cyst, lined by mature epidermis-like tissue with dermal appendages.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of benign (not cancer) germ cell tumor (type of tumor that begins in the cells that give rise to sperm or eggs) that often contains several different types of tissue such as hair, muscle, and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mature teratoma characterized by the presence of a cyst which is lined by mature tissue resembling the epidermis and the epidermal appendages. It occurs in the ovary, testis, and extragonadal sites including central nervous system and skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Cystic Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Cystic Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DERMOID CYST, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dermoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dermoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermoid Cyst","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dermoid Cyst","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermoid Cyst","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Dermoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature Cystic Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mature Cystic Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Cystic Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"dermoid cyst","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4289":{"preferredName":"Teratoma with Malignant Transformation","code":"C4289","definitions":[{"description":"A teratoma which is characterized by morphologic transformation to malignancy and an aggressive clinical course. The malignant component most often is sarcomatous or carcinomatous.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dermoid Cyst with Malignant Transformation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teratoma with Malignant Transformation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teratoma with Malignant Transformation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4290":{"preferredName":"Mixed Germ Cell Tumor","code":"C4290","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of at least two different germ cell tumor components. The different germ cell tumor components include choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, teratoma, and seminoma. It occurs in the ovary, testis, and extragonadal sites including central nervous system and mediastinum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Combined Germ Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9010":{"preferredName":"Mixed Teratoma and Seminoma","code":"C9010","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Teratoma and Seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7468":{"preferredName":"Struma Ovarii","code":"C7468","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian mature teratoma characterized by the presence of aberrant thyroid tissue. The aberrant thyroid tissue shows morphologic changes identical to thyroid adenoma or carcinoma. Patients may present with abdominal mass and unusual symptoms due to thyrotoxicosis, or Meigs syndrome (ascites and pleural effusion).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Struma Ovarii","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4291":{"preferredName":"Malignant Struma Ovarii","code":"C4291","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian mature teratoma characterized by the presence of aberrant thyroid tissue with morphologic changes identical to thyroid carcinoma. Patients may present with abdominal mass and unusual symptoms due to thyrotoxicosis, or with Meigs syndrome (ascites and pleural effusion).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Struma Ovarii","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4292":{"preferredName":"Strumal Carcinoid","code":"C4292","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian neoplasm characterized by the presence of aberrant thyroid tissue and a carcinoid tumor. A minority of patients develop symptoms of functioning thyroid tissue. The neuroendocrine carcinoid cells infiltrate the aberrant thyroid tissue and progressively replace the follicular lining cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Struma Ovarii and Carcinoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Strumal Carcinoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3110":{"preferredName":"Hydatidiform Mole","code":"C3110","definitions":[{"description":"A placental disorder characterized by abnormal development with marked enlargement of the chorionic villi and hydropic changes which consist of hyperplasia of the villous trophoblastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A slow-growing tumor that develops from trophoblastic cells (cells that help an embryo attach to the uterus and help form the placenta) after fertilization of an egg by a sperm. A hydatidiform mole contains many cysts (sacs of fluid). It is usually benign (not cancer) but it may spread to nearby tissues (invasive mole). It may also become a malignant tumor called choriocarcinoma. Hydatidiform mole is the most common type of gestational trophoblastic tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A gestational trophoblastic disorder characterized by marked enlargement of the chorionic villi, hyperplasia of the villous trophoblastic cells and hydropic changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hydatid Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Molar Pregnancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hydatidiform mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"molar pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4871":{"preferredName":"Complete Hydatidiform Mole","code":"C4871","definitions":[{"description":"A placental disorder where the majority of the chorionic villi are hydropic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A gestational trophoblastic disorder in which there is no embryo or normal placental tissue and the chorionic villi are hydropic.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classical Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Complete Hydatid Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Complete Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Complete Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Complete Molar Pregnancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Complete Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6985":{"preferredName":"Invasive Hydatidiform Mole","code":"C6985","definitions":[{"description":"A complete hydatidiform mole or very rarely a partial mole that invades the myometrium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of cancer that grows into the muscular wall of the uterus. It is formed after conception (fertilization of an egg by a sperm). It may spread to other parts of the body, such as the vagina, vulva, and lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A complete hydatidiform mole or very rarely a partial mole that invades the myometrium.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chorioadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chorioadenoma Destruens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Invasive Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Invasive Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chorioadenoma destruens","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"invasive hydatidiform mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2948":{"preferredName":"Choriocarcinoma","code":"C2948","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from placental trophoblast cells. They generally arise in the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant, fast-growing tumor that develops from trophoblastic cells (cells that help an embryo attach to the uterus and help form the placenta). Almost all choriocarcinomas form in the uterus after fertilization of an egg by a sperm, but a small number form in a testis or an ovary. Choriocarcinomas spread through the blood to other organs, especially the lungs. They are a type of gestational trophoblastic disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggressive malignant tumor arising from trophoblastic cells. The vast majority of cases arise in the uterus and represent gestational choriocarcinomas that derive from placental trophoblastic cells. Approximately half of the cases develop from a complete hydatidiform mole. A minority of cases arise in the testis or the ovaries. There is often marked elevation of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the blood. Choriocarcinomas disseminate rapidly through the hematogenous route; the lungs are most frequently affected.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHORIOCARCINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chorioepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chorioepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chorioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"choriocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"chorioepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"chorionic carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C66777":{"preferredName":"Choriocarcinoma Combined with Other Germ Cell Elements","code":"C66777","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant mixed germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of a choriocarcinomatous component admixed with another germ cell component (e.g. embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, or seminoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma Combined with Other Germ Cell Elements","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66778":{"preferredName":"Malignant Trophoblastic Teratoma","code":"C66778","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant germ cell tumor which metastasizes widely and produces high levels of human chorionic gonadotropin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Trophoblastic Teratoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4293":{"preferredName":"Partial Hydatidiform Mole","code":"C4293","definitions":[{"description":"A placental disorder characterized by the presence of two populations of chorionic villi: one population which is of unremarkable development and a second one which shows hydropic changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A gestational trophoblastic disorder characterized by the presence of an abnormal fetus and two populations of chorionic villi: one population which is unremarkable and a second one which shows hydropic changes.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Incomplete Hydatid Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Incomplete Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Incomplete Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Incomplete Molar Pregnancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Partial Hydatid Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Partial Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Partial Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Partial Molar Pregnancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Partial Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3757":{"preferredName":"Placental-Site Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor","code":"C3757","definitions":[{"description":"A rare gestational trophoblastic tumor characterized by the presence of a diffuse cellular infiltrate composed of intermediate trophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts and by the absense of a significant population of syncytiotrophoblasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Placental Site Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placental-Site GTT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placental-Site Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placental-Site Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6900":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Trophoblastic Tumor","code":"C6900","definitions":[{"description":"A gestational trophoblastic tumor characterized by the presence of a monomorphous cellular population of intermediate trophoblastic cells infiltrating in a nodular pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4294":{"preferredName":"Benign Mesonephroma","code":"C4294","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm of the female reproductive system arising from mesonephric remnants.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Mesonephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesonephric Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wolffian Duct Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4072":{"preferredName":"Mesonephric Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4072","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma of the cervix or the vagina arising from mesonephric remnants.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Mesonephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesonephric Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3085":{"preferredName":"Hemangioma","code":"C3085","definitions":[{"description":"A benign vascular neoplasm characterized by the formation of capillary-sized or cavernous vascular channels.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, vascular neoplasm characterized by the formation of capillary-sized vascular channels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A benign vascular lesion characterized by the formation of capillary-sized or cavernous vascular channels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEMANGIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hemangioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3088":{"preferredName":"Angiosarcoma","code":"C3088","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant vascular neoplasm arising from endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of cancer that begins in the cells that line blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the endothelial cells of the blood vessels. Microscopically, it is characterized by frequently open vascular anastomosing and branching channels. The malignant cells that line the vascular channels are spindle or epithelioid and often display hyperchromatic nuclei. Angiosarcomas most frequently occur in the skin and breast. Patients with long-standing lymphedema are at increased risk of developing angiosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEMANGIOSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hemangiosarcoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangiosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Angioendothelioma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hemangiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3086":{"preferredName":"Cavernous Hemangioma","code":"C3086","definitions":[{"description":"A hemangioma characterized by the presence of cavernous vascular spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cavernoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cavernous Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cavernous Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4296":{"preferredName":"Venous Hemangioma","code":"C4296","definitions":[{"description":"A hemangioma composed of veins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Venous Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Venous Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Venous Malformation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4298":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Hemangioma","code":"C4298","definitions":[{"description":"A hemangioma characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histiocytoid Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66779":{"preferredName":"Benign Hemangioendothelioma","code":"C66779","definitions":[{"description":"A benign vascular proliferation characterized by the presence of prominent endothelial cells and the formation of vascular channels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3084":{"preferredName":"Hemangioendothelioma","code":"C3084","definitions":[{"description":"A vascular proliferation characterized by the presence of prominent endothelial cells and the formation of vascular channels. Hemangioendotheliomas may display borderline or low grade characteristics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C27510":{"preferredName":"Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma","code":"C27510","definitions":[{"description":"An intermediate, locally aggressive blood vessel neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle endothelial cells, and formation of capillary-sized and slit-like vascular channels. It is often associated with hemorrhage and hemosiderin deposition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7457":{"preferredName":"Capillary Hemangioma","code":"C7457","definitions":[{"description":"A common hemangioma characterized by the presence of capillary-sized vascular channels without prominent epithelioid endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Capillary Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Capillary Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6645":{"preferredName":"Infantile Hemangioma","code":"C6645","definitions":[{"description":"A capillary hemangioma that may regress spontaneously. It occurs in infants and children.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infantile Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infantile Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Capillary Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Strawberry Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3699":{"preferredName":"Intramuscular Hemangioma","code":"C3699","definitions":[{"description":"A hemangioma arising from skeletal muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intramuscular Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intramuscular Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3800":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma","code":"C3800","definitions":[{"description":"A low-grade malignant blood vessel neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells. The neoplastic cells are arranged in cords and nests, which are embedded in a myxoid to hyalinized stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid Angioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7526":{"preferredName":"Papillary Intralymphatic Angioendothelioma","code":"C7526","definitions":[{"description":"An intermediate, rarely metastasizing blood vessel neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of lymphatic-like vascular channels and papillary endothelial proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dabska Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Endothelial Papillary Angioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PILA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Endovascular Angioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Intralymphatic Angioendothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4754":{"preferredName":"Spindle Cell Hemangioma","code":"C4754","definitions":[{"description":"A hemangioma characterized by the presence of spindle endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SCH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle -Cell Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2874":{"preferredName":"Angiokeratoma","code":"C2874","definitions":[{"description":"A vascular lesion in the papillary dermis resulting from ectasia of pre-existing vessels. It is associated with secondary proliferative changes in the overlying epidermis (hyperkeratosis). It can present with widespread lesions (angiokeratoma corporis diffusum, often associated with inborn errors of metabolism) or as a localized lesion (angiokeratoma of Fordyce, angiokeratoma circumscriptum, and angiokeratoma of Mibelli).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiokeratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4299":{"preferredName":"Verrucous Hemangioma","code":"C4299","definitions":[{"description":"A skin hemangioma characterized by the presence of epidermal hyperplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Verrucous Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verrucous Keratotic Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4300":{"preferredName":"Benign Hemangiopericytoma","code":"C4300","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm originating from vascular pericytes (cells in the periphery of vessels).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A hemangiopericytoma without malignant morphologic or clinical characteristics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEMANGIOPERICYTOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C3087":{"preferredName":"Hemangiopericytoma","code":"C3087","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer involving blood vessels and soft tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antiquated term that refers to benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasms characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle-shaped to round cells arranged around thin-walled branching vascular spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4301":{"preferredName":"Malignant Hemangiopericytoma","code":"C4301","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm originating from vascular pericytes (cells in the periphery of vessels).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An uncommon malignant neoplasm arising from pericytes. Distinction between benign and malignant hemangiopericytoma may be difficult or even impossible on morphologic grounds alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HEMANGIOPERICYTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Hemangiopericytoma NOS","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Hemangiopericytoma NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C3799":{"preferredName":"Angiofibroma","code":"C3799","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, morphologic variant of fibroma characterized by the presence of numerous dilated vascular channels.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A morphologic variant of fibroma characterized by the presence of numerous dilated vascular channels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANGIOFIBROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Angiofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiofibromatous Hyperplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Angiofibromatous Hyperplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroangioma, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibrous Papule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibrous Papule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telangiectatic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Telangiectatic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27257":{"preferredName":"Cellular Angiofibroma","code":"C27257","definitions":[{"description":"A benign mesenchymal neoplasm that usually arises in the superficial soft tissues of the vulva or inguinal and scrotal regions. It is characterized by the presence of a cellular fibroblastic proliferation in an edematous to fibrous stroma containing numerous vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Angiofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27256":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Angiofibroma","code":"C27256","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of angiofibroma characterized by the presence of multinucleated giant cells, collagenous or myxoid stroma, focal sclerotic areas, and angiectoid spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant Cell Angiofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3801":{"preferredName":"Hemangioblastoma","code":"C3801","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I tumor of uncertain histogenesis which is composed of stromal cells and abundant capillaries. Approximately 25% of hemangioblastomas are associated with Von Hippel-Lindau disease, a disease inherited through an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by the development of hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system and retina, clear cell renal carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and pancreatic and inner ear tumors. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angioblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Capillary Hemangioblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangioblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8965":{"preferredName":"Lymphangioma","code":"C8965","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from the lymphatics.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign lesion composed of dilated lymphatic channels. Painless swelling is the usual clinical manifestation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPHANGIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3203":{"preferredName":"Acquired Progressive Lymphangioma","code":"C3203","definitions":[{"description":"A lymphangioma characterized by the presence of collagen bundle formation. It has an indolent clinical course and may be associated with skin plaques.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acquired Progressive Lymphangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphangioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3205":{"preferredName":"Lymphangiosarcoma","code":"C3205","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the endothelial cells of the lymphatic vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of cancer that begins in the cells that line lymph vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the endothelial cells of the lymphatic vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPHANGIOSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphangioendothelial Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphangioendothelial Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphangiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymphangioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymphangioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphangiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C53316":{"preferredName":"Cavernous Lymphangioma","code":"C53316","definitions":[{"description":"A lymphangioma characterized by the presence of thin-walled cavernous lymphatic spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cavernous Lymphangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3724":{"preferredName":"Cystic Hygroma","code":"C3724","definitions":[{"description":"A benign lymphatic neoplasm usually arising from the neck and characterized by cystic dilation of the lymphatic vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystic Hygroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Hygroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cystic Lymphangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Lymphangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hygroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3204":{"preferredName":"Lymphangioleiomyoma","code":"C3204","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation, often associated with tuberous sclerosis. It is characterized by the presence of smooth muscle and epithelioid cells and by the proliferation of lymphatic vessels. Sites of involvement include the lymph nodes, lung, mediastinum, and retroperitoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphangioleiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphangiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3725":{"preferredName":"Lymphangioleiomyomatosis","code":"C3725","definitions":[{"description":"A multifocal neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation affecting almost exclusively females of child-bearing age. It is characterized by the presence of smooth muscle and epithelioid cells and by the proliferation of lymphatic vessels. Sites of involvement include the lungs, mediastinum, and the retroperitoneum. It usually presents with chylous pleural effusion or ascites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LAM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphangioleiomyomatosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphangioleiomyomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphangiomyomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66792":{"preferredName":"Hemolymphangioma","code":"C66792","definitions":[{"description":"A hemorrhagic lymphatic lesion characterized by the presence of dilated lymphatic spaces, extravasation of red blood cells, hemosiderin deposition, and fibrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemolymphangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphangioma with Hemorrhage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3296":{"preferredName":"Osteoma","code":"C3296","definitions":[{"description":"A benign well-differentiated neoplasm of bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, well-circumscribed, bone-forming neoplasm predominantly composed of lamellar bone. It usually arises from the calvarial, facial, or jaw bones. It is usually asymptomatic but it may cause local swelling or obstruction of the paranasal sinuses. Asymptomatic cases have an indolent clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OSTEOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Osteoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C53953":{"preferredName":"Osteoblastic Osteosarcoma","code":"C53953","definitions":[{"description":"A conventional osteosarcoma characterized by the predominance of osteoid matrix.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Osteoblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Osteoblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4021":{"preferredName":"Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma","code":"C4021","definitions":[{"description":"An osteosarcoma characterised by the presence of atypical cartilage of variable cellularity. It may or may not be associated with the presence of myxoid areas or focal bone formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chondroblastic Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4020":{"preferredName":"Fibroblastic Osteosarcoma","code":"C4020","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant fibrosarcoma characterized by pleomorphic cells intermixed with variable amounts of collagenous matrix.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A conventional osteosarcoma characterized by the presence of spindle shaped cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIBROSARCOMA, OSTEOGENIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroblastic Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fibroblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcomatous Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcomatous Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteogenic Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C3902":{"preferredName":"Telangiectatic Osteosarcoma","code":"C3902","definitions":[{"description":"An osteosarcoma usually arising from the metaphysis of long bones. It is characterized by the presence of a cystic architecture with blood-filled spaces. The prognosis is similar to that of conventional osteosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Bone Aneurysm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telangiectatic Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telangiectatic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Telangiectatic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4023":{"preferredName":"Small Cell Osteosarcoma","code":"C4023","definitions":[{"description":"An osteosarcoma usually arising from the metaphysis of long bones. It is characterized by the presence of small cells and osteoid production. The prognosis is usually unfavorable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Cell Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C35870":{"preferredName":"Conventional Osteosarcoma","code":"C35870","definitions":[{"description":"A high grade malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm producing osteoid. The tumor arises from the medullary portion of the bone. It affects the long bones and most commonly, the distal femur, proximal tibia, and proximal humerus. Pain with or without a palpable mass is the most common clinical presentation. It usually has an aggressive growth and may metastasize through the hematogenous route. The lung is the most frequent site of metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Central Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conventional Central Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conventional Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Conventional Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracortical Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracortical Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6474":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Central Osteosarcoma","code":"C6474","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade osteosarcoma arising from the medullary portion of the bone. It affects the long bones and is characterized by the presence of fibroblastic stroma and osteoid production. Pain and swelling are the usual sign and symptom. The prognosis is more favorable than conventional osteosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraosseous Well-Differentiated Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraosseous Well-Differentiated Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Central Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Intramedullary Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Intramedullary Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3297":{"preferredName":"Osteoid Osteoma","code":"C3297","definitions":[{"description":"A small, benign, bone-forming neoplasm that can arise from any bone but more frequently affects the long bones. The central portion of the neoplasm (nidus) contains differentiated osteoblasts which produce osteoid and sometimes bone. The lesion is usually surrounded by hypervascular sclerotic bone and has limited growth potential. Clinical signs and symptoms include pain and localized tenderness, at the site of the lesion. The pain may be intense but in the majority of cases it is completely alleviated by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Prognosis is excellent and recurrences are rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Osteoid Osteoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8969":{"preferredName":"Parosteal Osteosarcoma","code":"C8969","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the surface of the bone. It usually affects the distal posterior femur, the proximal tibia, and proximal humerus. Painless swelling is the usual clinical sign. Most patients are young adults and the prognosis is usually excellent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Juxtacortical Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juxtacortical Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parosteal Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parosteal Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8970":{"preferredName":"Periosteal Osteosarcoma","code":"C8970","definitions":[{"description":"An intermediate grade malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm with chondroblastic differentiation. It arises from the surface of the bone and affects the diaphysis or diaphyseal- metaphyseal portion of the long bones. A painless mass or swelling is the most common clinical sign. It is associated with a better prognosis than conventional osteosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Juxtacortical Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periosteal Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C53958":{"preferredName":"High Grade Surface Osteosarcoma","code":"C53958","definitions":[{"description":"A usually aggressive high grade malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the surface of the bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"High Grade Surface Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3294":{"preferredName":"Osteoblastoma","code":"C3294","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of bone, characterized by the formation of osteoid tissue and large osteoblast-like cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare benign bone-forming neoplasm usually arising from the spine. It is a well-circumscribed lytic tumor that varies in size. The tumor is composed of woven bone trabeculae and shares similar histologic characteristics with the osteoid osteoma. Surgical curettage is the treatment of choice. The prognosis is excellent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant Osteoid Osteoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Giant Osteoid Osteoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSTEOBLASTOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ossifying Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ossifying Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66796":{"preferredName":"Aggressive Osteoblastoma","code":"C66796","definitions":[{"description":"An osteoblastoma characterized by the presence of prominent epithelioid osteoblasts and recurrences.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aggressive Osteoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3295":{"preferredName":"Osteochondroma","code":"C3295","definitions":[{"description":"A benign cartiliginous neoplasm arising from the metaphysis of bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A common, benign cartiliginous neoplasm arising from the metaphysis of bone. The tumor grows on the surface of the bone; it may be pedunculated or sessile. It is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes, a cartilage cap, and a fibrous perichondrium that extends to the periosteum of the bone. In some cases, there is deletion of 8q24.1 chromosome locus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OSTEOCHONDROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Osteocartilaginous Exostosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteochondroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C53457":{"preferredName":"Multiple Osteochondromas","code":"C53457","definitions":[{"description":"An autosomal dominant neoplastic chondrogenic process affecting multiple sites. It is caused by mutations in the EXT1 or EXT2 genes. Grossly and microscopically, the lesions resemble an osteochondroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multiple Osteochondromas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteochondromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C53459":{"preferredName":"Chondroma","code":"C53459","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, well circumscribed neoplasm arising from the hyaline cartilage in soft tissue or bone. It is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign well circumscribed neoplasm of hyaline cartilage arising from bone or soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHONDROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chondroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3007":{"preferredName":"Enchondroma","code":"C3007","definitions":[{"description":"A benign (noncancerous) growth of cartilage in bones or in other areas where cartilage is not normally found.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A common benign hyaline cartilage neoplasm arising in the intramedullary bone. It is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes, low mitotic activity, and in some cases, a nodular pattern and calcification. The small bones of the hands and feet are the most frequently affected sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Central Chondroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enchondroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"enchondroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C35259":{"preferredName":"Chondromatosis","code":"C35259","definitions":[{"description":"A multifocal benign neoplasm arising from bone or soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes and is composed of hyaline cartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chondromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4302":{"preferredName":"Periosteal Chondroma","code":"C4302","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of bone surface composed of hyaline cartilage. It arises beneath the periosteum and is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes, a lobulated growth pattern, and calcification.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Juxtacortical Chondroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periosteal Chondroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7357":{"preferredName":"Periosteal Chondrosarcoma","code":"C7357","definitions":[{"description":"A chondrosarcoma arising from the surface of bone. It is characterized by a lobulated growth pattern, high mitotic activity, myxoid stroma formation, and necrotic changes. It occurs in adults. Clinical presentation includes pain, and sometimes swelling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Juxtacortical Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periosteal Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2945":{"preferredName":"Chondroblastoma","code":"C2945","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, chondroid-producing, well-circumscribed, lytic neoplasm usually arising from the epiphysis of long bones. It is characterized by the presence of chondroblasts, osteoclast-like giant cells, chondroid formation, calcification, and mitotic activity. In aggressive cases, there is rearrangement of the 8q21 chromosome band. It occurs most frequently in children and young adults and rarely metastasizes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chondroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4303":{"preferredName":"Myxoid Chondrosarcoma","code":"C4303","definitions":[{"description":"A chondrosarcoma characterized by the presence of myxoid changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myxoid Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3737":{"preferredName":"Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma","code":"C3737","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of chondrosarcoma arising from bone and soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of malignant small round cells, biphasic growth pattern, and well differentiated hyaline cartilage. Clinical presentation includes pain and swelling. The clinical course is aggressive, with local recurrences and distant metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3830":{"preferredName":"Chondromyxoid Fibroma","code":"C3830","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon benign cartilaginous neoplasm arising from the bone. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped or stellate chondrocytes, a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, and sometimes multinucleated giant cells. It has been associated with chromosomal rearrangement of 6q13 and 6q25 bands. The most common clinical symptom is mild, localized pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chondromyxoid Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6475":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Chondrosarcoma","code":"C6475","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, usually low grade chondrosarcoma characterized by the presence of tumor cells with clear cytoplasm. It usually arises in the epiphyseal ends of long bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6476":{"preferredName":"Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma","code":"C6476","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive morphologic variant of chondrosarcoma. It is composed of a low grade chondrosarcoma and a high grade non-cartilagenous sarcomatous component. Due to the aggressive nature of the disease, its prognosis is poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C121932":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","code":"C121932","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of bone comprised of giant cells (osteoclast-like) and mononuclear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign but locally aggressive tumor that arises from the bone and is composed of mononuclear cells admixed with macrophages and osteoclast-like giant cells. It usually arises from the ends of long bones or the vertebrae. Clinical presentation includes pain, edema, and decreased range of motion in the affected joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Bone Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"GIANT CELL TUMOR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteoclastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteoclastoma, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C4304":{"preferredName":"Malignancy in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","code":"C4304","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of bone comprised of osteoclast-like giant cells and mononuclear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant tumor that arises from the bone. It is characterized by the presence of an area of high grade sarcoma in an otherwise typical giant cell tumor (primary malignancy in giant cell tumor), or the presence of sarcoma in which the pre-existing giant cell tumor may or may not be apparent (secondary malignancy in giant cell tumor).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Bone Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Bone Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Sarcoma of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Sarcoma of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Sarcoma of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Sarcoma of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignancy in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignancy in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignancy in Giant Cell Tumor of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSTEOCLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C8380":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells","code":"C8380","definitions":[{"description":"An undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma characterized by the presence of osteoclast-like giant cells and cellular pleomorphism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant Cell Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Neoplasm of Soft Parts","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Soft Parts","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Osteoclastoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49107":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Tumor of Soft Tissue","code":"C49107","definitions":[{"description":"A painless, well circumscribed tumor arising in soft tissue, usually of the upper and lower extremities. Morphologically, it is characterized by a multinodular growth pattern. The cellular infiltrate is composed of mononuclear round or oval cells and multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells, in a rich vascular stroma. It rarely metastasizes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GCT-ST","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteoclastoma of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3402":{"preferredName":"Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor","code":"C3402","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor usually arising in the synovium of joints, bursa or tendon sheath. It is characterized by the presence of mononuclear cells, multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells, hemosiderin-laden macrophages, foam cells, and an inflammatory infiltrate. According to the growth pattern, it is classified as localized or diffuse.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibrous Histiocytoma of Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Neoplasm of Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Neoplasm of Tenosynovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Neoplasm of the Tenosynovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor of Tenosynovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor of the Tenosynovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tendon Sheath Giant Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tendon Sheath Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tenosynovial Giant Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6535":{"preferredName":"Malignant Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor","code":"C6535","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon malignant tumor arising from the tendon sheath. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of a cellular infiltrate reminiscent of a giant cell tumor with prominent malignant characteristics. Recurrent giant cell tumors with a sarcomatous dedifferentiation are included in this category as well.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Neoplasm of Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Neoplasm of the Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of the Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tendon Sheath Giant Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tendon Sheath Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7644":{"preferredName":"Adamantinoma","code":"C7644","definitions":[{"description":"A low-grade malignant neoplasm composed of epithelial cells and a spindle cell osteo-fibrous proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A low grade malignant neoplasm arising from the long bones. The tibia is the most frequently affected bone site. Patients present with swelling which may or may not be associated with pain. Morphologically, it is characterized by a biphasic pattern consisting of an epithelial and an osteofibrous component. The vast majority of cases recur if they are not treated with radical surgery. In a minority of cases the tumor may metastasize to other anatomic sites including lymph nodes, lungs, liver, brain, and skeleton.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADAMANTINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adamantinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adamantinoma of Long Bones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extragnathic Adamantinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8461":{"preferredName":"Tibial Adamantinoma","code":"C8461","definitions":[{"description":"An adamantinoma arising from the tibia. The tibia is the site which is more frequently involved by adamantinoma (80-90% of cases).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tibial Adamantinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8422":{"preferredName":"Ossifying Fibroma","code":"C8422","definitions":[{"description":"A benign fibrous neoplasm characterized by a mineralized component (woven bone, lamellar bone, or cementum-like material).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A well circumscribed lesion of the bone, most frequently arising from the posterior mandible. It is characterized by the presence of fibrous tissue and a mineralized component which may be woven bone, lamellar bone, or cementum-like material. Complete removal is recommended, since it continues to enlarge if left untreated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cementifying Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cementifying Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIBROMA, OSSIFYING, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ossifying Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossifying Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C4306":{"preferredName":"Benign Odontogenic Neoplasm","code":"C4306","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, slow growing neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It occurs in the maxillofacial skeleton or the gingiva. Representative examples include adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor, and squamous odontogenic tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Odontogenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Benign Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODONTOGENIC TUMOR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C4812":{"preferredName":"Malignant Odontogenic Neoplasm","code":"C4812","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of tooth origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It occurs in the maxillofacial skeleton or the gingiva. Symptoms include swelling, pain, bleeding, mobility of affected teeth, and oral mucosa ulcerations. It may metastasize to lymph nodes and distant anatomic sites early.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Odontogenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODONTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7492":{"preferredName":"Ameloblastic Carcinoma","code":"C7492","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues with-enamel organ differentiation (but without enamel formation).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare, cytologically malignant ameloblastoma that may metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODONTOMA, AMELOBLASTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C66800":{"preferredName":"Ameloblastic Fibrodentinoma","code":"C66800","definitions":[{"description":"A rare neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It usually arises from the posterior mandible. It is characterized by the presence of an epithelial component, fibromyxoid stroma, and dentin formation. It is treated with enucleation and curettage. Recurrences may occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastic Fibrodentinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54323":{"preferredName":"Dentinogenic Ghost Cell Tumor","code":"C54323","definitions":[{"description":"A locally aggressive neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It is more often intraosseous and less frequently extraosseous and occurs in the jaw. It is characterized by the presence of ameloblastoma-like epithelium, connective tissue stroma, ghost cells, and dysplastic dentin. Wide local resection is recommended for intraosseous neoplasms and enucleation for extraosseous neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Calcifying Ghost Cell Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dentinoameloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dentinogenic Ghost Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dentinogenic Ghost Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dentinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Ghost Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4308":{"preferredName":"Cementoblastoma","code":"C4308","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign bone-forming neoplasm usually arising from the jaw. It is a well-circumscribed lytic tumor that varies in size. The cell of origin is the cementoblast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Cementoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cementoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cementoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8381":{"preferredName":"Gigantiform Cementoma","code":"C8381","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, benign, slow growing, multifocal, and expansile lesion of the jaws. Both familiar and sporadic cases have been reported. It is characterized by a fibroblastic proliferation, cementum, and limited bone formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Florid Osseous Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gigantiform Cementoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3287":{"preferredName":"Odontoma","code":"C3287","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of tooth origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, slow growing, and painless hamartomatous tumor occurring in tooth-bearing areas of the jaws. According to the presence or absence of tooth-like structures, it is classified as complex type or compound type. Odontoma of complex type is characterized by the presence of enamel and dentin and the absence of tooth-like structures. It is treated with local excision. If it is incompletely removed, it may recur. Odontoma of compound type is characterized by the presence of tooth-like structures. It is treated by local excision. Recurrences have not been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibro-Odontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibro-Odontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroodontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroodontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODONTOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Odontoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3711":{"preferredName":"Compound Odontoma","code":"C3711","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, slow growing, and painless hamartomatous tumor occurring in tooth-bearing areas of the jaws. It usually affects children and adolescents. It is characterized by the presence of tooth-like structures. Treatment consists of local excision. Recurrences have not been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Compound Odontoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4309":{"preferredName":"Complex Odontoma","code":"C4309","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, slow growing, and painless hamartomatous tumor occurring in tooth-bearing areas of the jaws. It is one of the most common odontogenic tumors and it usually affects children, adolescents, and young adults. It is characterized by the presence of enamel and dentin and the absence of tooth-like structures. It is treated with local excision. If it is incompletely removed, it may recur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Complex Odontoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3710":{"preferredName":"Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma","code":"C3710","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues with-enamel organ differentiation (but without enamel formation).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare benign neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It is characterized by the presence of a fibromyxoid stroma, epithelial component, dentin, and enamel. Recurrences are rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic Fibroodontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic Fibroodontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroameloblastic Odontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroameloblastic Odontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODONTOMA, AMELOBLASTIC, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C4310":{"preferredName":"Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor","code":"C4310","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, slow growing neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. The vast majority of cases are intraosseous and most often grow in the maxilla. It is characterized by the presence of odontogenic epithelium which is embedded in a connective tissue stroma. Local excision is curative and recurrences are very rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenomatoid Odontogenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54319":{"preferredName":"Calcifying Cystic Odontogenic Tumor","code":"C54319","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, intraosseous or extraosseous cystic neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It is characterized by the presence of a cyst lined by an ameloblastoma-like epithelium and ghost cells formation. The ghost cells may undergo calcification. It is treated with enucleation. Few recurrences have been reported for intraosseous neoplasms whereas no recurrences have been reported for extraosseous neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Calcifying Cystic Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gorlin Cyst","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4311":{"preferredName":"Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma","code":"C4311","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma usually arising from the maxilla and less often the mandible. Symptoms include swelling and paresthesia. It is characterized by the presence of rounded islands of malignant epithelial cells in a fibrous stroma and the benign features of calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor. The clinical course varies from slow growing and locally invasive to rapidly growing and highly aggressive with metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Ghost Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4313":{"preferredName":"Ameloblastoma","code":"C4313","definitions":[{"description":"The most common odontogenic tumor, arising from the epithelial component of the embryonic tooth and usually affecting the molar-ramus region of the mandible or maxilla. Although most ameloblastomas are morphologically and clinically benign, they may cause extensive local destruction, recur, or metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ameloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54297":{"preferredName":"Metastasizing Ameloblastoma","code":"C54297","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant odontogenic neoplasm arising from the epithelial component of the embryonic tooth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare, well differentiated, cytologically benign ameloblastoma which paradoxically metastasizes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMELOBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Ameloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Ameloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metastasizing Ameloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54317":{"preferredName":"Odontoameloblastoma","code":"C54317","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, locally aggressive neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It occurs in the mandible and maxilla. It is characterized by the presence of odontogenic epithelium and adjacent myxoid tissue, fibrous stroma, and mineralized dental tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastic Odontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontoameloblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Odontoameloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7112":{"preferredName":"Squamous Odontogenic Tumor","code":"C7112","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, locally invasive neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It usually grows intraosseously in the mandible. The maxilla is less frequently involved. It is characterized by the presence of well differentiated squamous cells which form islands. Recurrences may rarely occur and probably are related to incomplete excision of the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Squamous Odontogenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7501":{"preferredName":"Odontogenic Myxoma","code":"C7501","definitions":[{"description":"An intraosseous odontogenic neoplasm with good prognosis, arising from the mandible and less frequently from the maxilla. It is characterized by the presence of stellate cells and abundant myxoid stroma formation. Small tumors may be cured with enucleation. Complete excision may be required for larger tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Odontogenic Myxoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7452":{"preferredName":"Odontogenic Myxofibroma","code":"C7452","definitions":[{"description":"An intraosseous odontogenic neoplasm with good prognosis, arising from the mandible and less frequently from the maxilla. It is characterized by the presence of stellate cells, myxoid stroma formation, and prominent collagen. Small tumors may be cured with enucleation. Complete excision may be required for larger tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Odontogenic Myxofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4314":{"preferredName":"Odontogenic Fibroma","code":"C4314","definitions":[{"description":"A benign intraosseous neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues in the mandible and maxilla, characterized by the presence of islands of odontogenic epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare, benign, intraosseous neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues in the mandible and maxilla. It is characterized by the presence of odontogenic epithelium which is embedded in a fibrous stroma. Local enucleation of the tumor is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Central Odontogenic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Central Odontogenic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIBROMA, ODONTOGENIC, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4315":{"preferredName":"Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma","code":"C4315","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, benign, extraosseous neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It usually presents as a slow growing exophytic mass in the gingiva. It is characterized by the presence of odontogenic epithelium which is embedded in a fibrous stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4316":{"preferredName":"Ameloblastic Fibroma","code":"C4316","definitions":[{"description":"A rare neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It usually arises from the posterior mandible. It is characterized by the presence of an epithelial component and fibromyxoid stroma. It may recur and rarely shows malignant transformation to ameloblastic fibrosarcoma. It is treated with enucleation and curettage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastic Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrodentinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4317":{"preferredName":"Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma","code":"C4317","definitions":[{"description":"A locally aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from odontogenic tissue. It occurs in the mandible and less often in the maxilla. It is characterized by the presence of a malignant connective tissue component and a benign epithelial component. The frequency of distal metastases is low.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54301":{"preferredName":"Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor","code":"C54301","definitions":[{"description":"A slow growing, locally invasive neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It most often grows intraosseously in the mandible and less frequently in the maxilla. In a minority of cases it grows extraosseously in the gingiva. It is characterized by the presence of a fibrous stroma, epithelial cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, and amyloid material which is often calcified. Small tumors may be successfully treated with enucleation. Local resection is usually required for larger tumors. Recurrences have been reported in a minority of cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pindborg Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54300":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma","code":"C54300","definitions":[{"description":"A usually aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It more often affects older females and more frequently occurs in the mandible. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm and a fibrotic stroma formation. It may recur and metastasize. Metastases may occur in the lymph nodes, lungs, and bones. Treatment of choice is resection with clean margins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Ameloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2964":{"preferredName":"Craniopharyngioma","code":"C2964","definitions":[{"description":"A benign brain tumor that may be considered malignant because it can damage the hypothalamus, the area of the brain that controls body temperature, hunger, and thirst.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm of the sellar region, presumably derived from Rathke pouch epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A histologically benign, but locally destructive, partly cystic, epithelial tumor of the sellar region, derived from Rathke pouch epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A benign, partly cystic, epithelial tumor of the sellar region, presumably derived from Rathke pouch epithelium. It affects mainly children and young adults. There are two clinicopathological forms: adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma and papillary craniopharyngioma. The most significant factor associated with recurrence is the extent of surgical resection, with lesions greater than 5 cm in diameter carrying a markedly worse prognosis. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Craniopharyngioma (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rathke Pouch Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rathke Pouch Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rathke Pouch Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rathke Pouch Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rathke's Pouch Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rathke's Pouch Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rathke's Pouch Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rathke's Pouch Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tumor of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4726":{"preferredName":"Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma","code":"C4726","definitions":[{"description":"A craniopharyngioma consisting of broad strands, cords and bridges of a multistratified squamous epithelium with peripheral palisading of nuclei. Diagnostic features include nodules of compact 'wet' keratin and dystrophic calcification. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinous Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinous Neoplasm of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinous Rathke's Pouch Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinous Rathke's Pouch Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinous Tumor of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4725":{"preferredName":"Papillary Craniopharyngioma","code":"C4725","definitions":[{"description":"A craniopharyngioma composed of sheets of squamous epithelium which separate to form pseudopapillae. This variant typically lacks nuclear palisading, wet keratin, calcification, and cholesterol deposits. Clinically, endocrine deficiencies are more often associated with papillary craniopharyngioma than with the adamantinomatous type. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PCP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Neoplasm of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Rathke Pouch Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Rathke's Pouch Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Rathke's Pouch Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Tumor of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6965":{"preferredName":"Pineal Parenchymal Cell Neoplasm","code":"C6965","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm arising from the pineocyte, a cell with photosensory and neuroendocrine functions. It may be composed of mature elements or primitive, immature cells. The cellular composition determines the biological behavior and clinical outcome. Three types are recognized: pineoblastoma, pineocytoma, and pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation (Adapted from WHO.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Parenchymal Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Parenchymal Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Parenchymal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Parenchymal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal parenchymal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Pineocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6966":{"preferredName":"Pineocytoma","code":"C6966","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the brain arising from the pineal gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, slow growing, pineal parenchymal tumor that more frequently affects young adults.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A slow growing type of brain tumor that occurs in or around the pineal gland, a tiny organ near the center of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A WHO grade I slow growing tumor, more frequently affecting young adults. It is composed of small, uniform, mature cells resembling pineocytes with occasional large pineocytomatous rosettes. It may show a wide range of divergent phenotypes, including neuronal, glial, melanocytic, photoreceptor and mesenchymal differentiation. Pineocytoma generally has a relatively favorable prognosis. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Pinealoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Pinealoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"PINEOCYTOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pinealocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pineocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pineocytoma (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pineocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9344":{"preferredName":"Pineoblastoma","code":"C9344","definitions":[{"description":"A fast growing type of brain tumor that occurs in or around the pineal gland, a tiny organ near the center of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A poorly differentiated malignant embryonal neoplasm arising from the pineal region of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A poorly differentiated malignant embryonal neoplasm arising from the pineal region. It usually occurs in children and it is characterized by the presence of small immature neuroepithelial cells. It may follow an aggressive clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PINEOBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PNET of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PNET of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNET of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PNET of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland PNET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland PNET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal PNET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal PNET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineoblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pineoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pineoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineoblastoma (WHO Grade IV)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pineoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6967":{"preferredName":"Pineal Parenchymal Tumor of Intermediate Differentiation","code":"C6967","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade II or III pineal parenchymal neoplasm of intermediate-grade malignancy, affecting all ages. It is composed of diffuse sheets or large lobules of uniform cells with mild to moderate nuclear atypia and low to moderate level mitotic activity. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pineal Parenchymal Tumor of Intermediate Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Parenchymal Tumor of Intermediate Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3717":{"preferredName":"Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor","code":"C3717","definitions":[{"description":"A rare neoplasm usually occurring in infants. It is characterized by the presence of a mixture of melanin-containing epithelial cells and smaller neuroblast-like cells. It may involve the skull and facial bones, or the epididymis. It usually has a benign clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infantile Melanotic Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MNTI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Progonoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinal Anlage Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9341":{"preferredName":"Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","code":"C9341","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer that forms in bone or soft tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small round cell tumor with neural differentiation arising from the soft tissues or bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peripheral Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neuroepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral PNET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pPNET","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pPNET","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3716":{"preferredName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","code":"C3716","definitions":[{"description":"One of a group of cancers that develop from the same type of early cells, and share certain biochemical and genetic features. Some PNETs develop in the brain and central nervous system (CNS-PNET), and others develop in sites outside of the brain such as the limbs, pelvis, and chest wall (peripheral PNET).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm that originates in the neuroectoderm. The neuroectoderm constitutes the portion of the ectoderm of the early embryo that gives rise to the central and peripheral nervous systems and includes some glial cell precursors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNET","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PNET","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (PNET)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"neuroectodermal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"primitive neuroectodermal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7542":{"preferredName":"Askin Tumor","code":"C7542","definitions":[{"description":"A primitive neuroectodermal tumor (small round blue cell tumor) of the thorax which can involve the periosteum, thoracic wall and/or pleura though it spares the lung parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Askin Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Askin Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Askin's Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNET of Thoracopulmonary Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neuroectodermal Tumor of Thoracopulmonary Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell Tumor of Thoracopulmonary Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2947":{"preferredName":"Chordoma","code":"C2947","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant bone neoplasm arising from the remnants of the fetal notochord.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of bone cancer that usually starts in the lower spinal column or at the base of the skull.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant bone tumor arising from the remnants of the fetal notochord. Although it can occur at all ages, it is more frequently seen in middle-aged adults. The most frequent sites of involvement are the sacrococcygeal area, spheno-occipital area, and cervico-thoraco-lumbar spine. Microscopically, chordomas are composed of cells that form cords and lobules, separated by mucoid intercellular tissue. Some of the cells are large (physaliphorous) and have vacuolated cytoplasm and prominent vesicular nuclei. Other tumor cells are small with small nuclei without visible nucleoli. Chordomas tend to recur and may metastasize. The most common sites of metastasis are the skin and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHORDOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chordoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6902":{"preferredName":"Chondroid Chordoma","code":"C6902","definitions":[{"description":"A slow-growing malignant bone tumor arising from the remnants of the notochord and occurring in the base of the skull. The tumor is characterized by a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, and the presence of physaliphorous cells and cartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chondroid Chordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48876":{"preferredName":"Dedifferentiated Chordoma","code":"C48876","definitions":[{"description":"A high-grade malignant bone tumor arising from the remnants of the notochord. It is characterized by a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, the presence of physaliphorous cells, and a sarcomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Chordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Chordoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6581":{"preferredName":"Parachordoma","code":"C6581","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, usually benign myoepithelial tumor characterized by the presence of epithelioid, often vacuolated neoplastic cells. Most patients present with painless swelling in the subcutaneous or subfascial soft tissues of the extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Parachordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4822":{"preferredName":"Malignant Glioma","code":"C4822","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neuroglial neoplasm. The term can apply to several primary neoplasm of the brain and spinal cord, including astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma in addition to others.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A grade III or grade IV glioma arising from the central nervous system. This category includes glioblastoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic ependymoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, and anaplastic oligoastrocytoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLIOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"High Grade Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Glial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Glial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Glial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Glial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Glioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neuroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neuroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neuroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neuroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4318":{"preferredName":"Gliomatosis Cerebri","code":"C4318","definitions":[{"description":"A diffuse glial tumor which infiltrates the brain extensively, involving more than two lobes. It is frequently bilateral and often extends to the infratentorial structures, even to the spinal cord. It is probably of astrocytic origin, although GFAP expression may be scant or absent. (Adapted from WHO.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Astrocytosis cerebri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliomatosis Cerebri","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3903":{"preferredName":"Mixed Glioma","code":"C3903","definitions":[{"description":"A brain tumor that forms from more than one type of brain cell, usually astrocytes and oligodendrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm comprising two or more glial cell types (e.g., astrocytes, ependymal cells, oligodendrocytes).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tumor composed of two or more glial cell types (astrocytes, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLIOMA, MIXED, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Glioma, Mixed","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Glial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Glial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Glial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Glial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Glioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mixed Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mixed Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Neuroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Neuroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Neuroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Neuroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mixed glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6959":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma","code":"C6959","definitions":[{"description":"An oligoastrocytoma characterized by the presence of increased cellularity, nuclear atypia, pleomorphism, and high mitotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Mixed Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade III Mixed Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4050":{"preferredName":"Oligoastrocytoma","code":"C4050","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the central nervous system with an astrocytic and oligodendrocytic component.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A brain tumor that forms from both oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, which are types of glial cells (cells that cover and protect nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord and help them work the way they should). An oligoastrocytoma is a type of mixed glioma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A WHO grade II tumor composed of a conspicuous mixture of two distinct neoplastic cell types morphologically resembling the tumor cells in oligodendroglioma and diffuse astrocytoma. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLIOMA, MIXED, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Astrocytic-Oligodendroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Astrocytic-Oligodendroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Astrocytoma-Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Oligo-Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade II Mixed Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3795":{"preferredName":"Subependymoma","code":"C3795","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the brain localized in the vicinity of a ventricular wall and is composed of glial tumor cell clusters embedded in an abundant fibrillary matrix with frequent microcystic changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, slow growing neoplasm which is typically attached to a ventricular wall. It is composed of glial tumor cell clusters embedded in an abundant fibrillary matrix with frequent microcystic change. Some lesions have the histological features of both subependymoma and ependymoma. It is often detected incidentally and has a very favorable prognosis. (Adapted from WHO.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SUBEPENDYMOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Subependymal Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subependymal Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Subependymal Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade I Ependymal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade I Ependymal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Who Grade I Ependymal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Who Grade I Ependymal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C3696":{"preferredName":"Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma","code":"C3696","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, slowly growing tumor (WHO grade I) typically arising in the wall of the lateral ventricles and composed of large ganglioid astrocytes. It is the most common CNS neoplasm in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex and typically occurs during the first two decades of life. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SEGA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3698":{"preferredName":"Choroid Plexus Papilloma","code":"C3698","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the choroid plexus of the central nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, slow growing tumor which may cause symptoms by blocking cerebrospinal fluid pathways. It is characterized by the presence of delicate fibrovascular connective tissue fronds covered by a single layer of epithelial cells. Mitotic activity is extremely low. Surgical resection is usually curative. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAPILLOMA, CHOROID PLEXUS, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Papilloma of Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Papilloma of Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papilloma of the Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Papilloma of the Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C53686":{"preferredName":"Atypical Choroid Plexus Papilloma","code":"C53686","definitions":[{"description":"A choroid plexus papilloma characterized by increased mitotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Choroid Plexus Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4715":{"preferredName":"Choroid Plexus Carcinoma","code":"C4715","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the choroid plexus of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the choroid plexus. It shows anaplastic features and usually invades neighboring brain structures. Cerebrospinal fluid metastases are frequent. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Choroid Plexus Papilloma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Choroid Plexus Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, CHOROID PLEXUS, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cancer of Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cancer of Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choroid plexus carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C3017":{"preferredName":"Ependymoma","code":"C3017","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from ependymal cells that line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of brain tumor that begins in cells lining the spinal cord central canal (fluid-filled space down the center) or the ventricles (fluid-filled spaces of the brain). Ependymomas may also form in the choroid plexus (tissue in the ventricles that makes cerebrospinal fluid).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A WHO grade II, slow growing tumor of children and young adults, usually located intraventricularly. It is the most common ependymal neoplasm. It often causes clinical symptoms by blocking cerebrospinal fluid pathways. Key histological features include perivascular pseudorosettes and ependymal rosettes. (WHO)","attr":"from WHO","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Ependymoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"WHO Grade II Ependymal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade II Ependymal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4713":{"preferredName":"Cellular Ependymoma","code":"C4713","definitions":[{"description":"An ependymoma which shows conspicuous cellularity without a significant increase in mitotic rate. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4714":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Ependymoma","code":"C4714","definitions":[{"description":"An ependymoma, often supratentorial in location, characterized by the presence of ependymal cells with a perinuclear halo.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6903":{"preferredName":"Tanycytic Ependymoma","code":"C6903","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of ependymoma, often found in the spinal cord, with tumor cells arranged in fascicles of variable width and cell density. Ependymal rosettes are generally absent, so this lesion must be distinguished from astrocytic neoplasms, but its EM characteristics are ependymal. (Adapted from WHO.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tanycytic Ependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tanycytic Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4049":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Ependymoma","code":"C4049","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade III malignant glioma of ependymal origin with accelerated growth and an unfavorable clinical outcome, particularly in children. It is characterized by high mitotic activity, often accompanied by microvascular proliferation and pseudo-palisading necrosis. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Ependymal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Ependymal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Ependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Ependymal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Ependymal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Ependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade III Ependymal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade III Ependymal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4915":{"preferredName":"Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes, C19MC-Altered","code":"C4915","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive malignant embryonal neoplasm arising from the central nervous system. It is characterized by the presence of multilayered rosettes formation and the presence of amplification of the C19MC region on chromosome 19 (19q13.42).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETMR, C19MC-Altered","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Tumor with Abundant Neuropil and True Rosettes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes with C19MC Amplification","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes, C19MC-Altered","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ependymoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4319":{"preferredName":"Papillary Ependymoma","code":"C4319","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of ependymoma characterized by well formed papillae. Tumor cell processes abutting capillaries are usually GFAP-positive. Differential diagnoses include choroid plexus papilloma, papillary meningioma and metastatic papillary carcinoma. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3697":{"preferredName":"Myxopapillary Ependymoma","code":"C3697","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of ependymal origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A slow growing, WHO grade I glioma which generally occurs in young adults. It arises almost exclusively in the conus medullaris, cauda equina, and filum terminale of the spinal cord. It generally has a favorable prognosis and is characterized histologically by tumor cells arranged in a papillary manner around vascularized mucoid stromal cores. (Adapted from WHO).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPENDYMOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myxopapillary Ependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxopapillary Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C92624":{"preferredName":"Papillary Tumor of the Pineal Region","code":"C92624","definitions":[{"description":"A rare tumor that arises from the pineal region and affects adults. It is characterized by the presence of neuroepithelial cells and a papillary architecture. Electron microscopic studies suggest ependymal differentiation. The clinical course is variable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Tumor of the Pineal Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C60781":{"preferredName":"Astrocytoma","code":"C60781","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the central nervous system that arises from astrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A tumor that begins in the brain or spinal cord in small, star-shaped cells called astrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tumor of the brain or spinal cord showing astrocytic differentiation. It includes the following clinicopathological entities: pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, and subependymal giant cell astrocytoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astrocytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7173":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma","code":"C7173","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant astrocytic neoplasm characterized by a high degree of cellular differentiation, slow growth, and diffuse infiltration of neighboring brain structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A low-grade (WHO grade II) astrocytic neoplasm. It is characterized by diffuse infiltration of neighboring central nervous system structures. These lesions typically affect young adults and have a tendency for progression to anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma. Based on the IDH genes mutation status, diffuse astrocytomas are classified as IDH-mutant, IDH-wildtype, and not otherwise specified.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASTROCYTOMA, DIFFUSE, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Astrocytoma, Diffuse","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-grade astrocytoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"WHO Grade II Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6958":{"preferredName":"Astrocytic Tumor","code":"C6958","definitions":[{"description":"A glial tumor of the brain or spinal cord showing astrocytic differentiation. It includes the following clinicopathological entities: pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, and glioblastoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astroglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9477":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma","code":"C9477","definitions":[{"description":"A diffusely infiltrating, WHO grade III astrocytoma with focal or dispersed anaplasia, and a marked proliferative potential. It may arise from a low-grade astrocytoma, but it can also be diagnosed at first biopsy, without indication of a less malignant precursor lesion. It has an intrinsic tendency for malignant progression to glioblastoma. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Grade III Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-grade astrocytoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Malignant Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4320":{"preferredName":"Protoplasmic Astrocytoma","code":"C4320","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of diffuse astrocytoma. It is predominantly composed of neoplastic astrocytes showing a small cell body with few, flaccid processes with a low content of glial filaments and scant GFAP expression. This lesion is not well defined and is considered by some authors as an occasional histopathological feature rather than a reproducibly identifiable variant. When occurring in children, this neoplasm may be difficult to separate from pilocytic juvenile astrocytoma. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Protoplasmic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4321":{"preferredName":"Gemistocytic Astrocytoma","code":"C4321","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of diffuse astrocytoma. It is characterized by the presence of a conspicuous, though variable, fraction of gemistocytic neoplastic astrocytes. Gemistocytes are round to oval astrocytes with abundant, glassy, non-fibrillary cytoplasm which appears to displace the dark, angulated nucleus to the periphery of the cell. To make the diagnosis of gemistocytic astrocytoma, gemistocytes should amount to more than approximately 20% of all tumor cells. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gemistocytic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemistocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9476":{"preferredName":"Desmoplastic Infantile Astrocytoma","code":"C9476","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I large cystic tumor that occurs almost exclusively in infants, and which involves the superficial cerebral cortex and leptomeninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A WHO grade I large cystic tumor that occurs almost exclusively in infants, with a prominent desmoplastic stroma having a neuroepithelial population consisting mainly of neoplastic astrocytes. It involves the superficial cerebral cortex and leptomeninges, and often attaches to the dura. Although clinically it presents as large tumor, it generally has a good prognosis following surgical resection. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Astrocytoma of Infancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Infantile Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Infantile Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C4738":{"preferredName":"Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma","code":"C4738","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I large cystic tumor that occurs almost exclusively in infants. It involves the superficial cerebral cortex and leptomeninges, and often attaches to the dura.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A WHO grade I large cystic tumor that occurs almost exclusively in infants, with a prominent desmoplastic stroma having a neuroepithelial population of neoplastic astrocytes together with a variable neuronal component. It involves the superficial cerebral cortex and leptomeninges, and often attaches to the dura. Although clinically it presents as a large tumor, it generally has a good prognosis following surgical resection. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C9505":{"preferredName":"Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor","code":"C9505","definitions":[{"description":"A benign glial-neuronal neoplasm. It is usually supratentorial, located, generally, in the cortex and occurs in children and young adults with a long-standing history of partial seizures. A histologic hallmark of this tumor is the 'specific glioneuronal element', characterized by columns, made up of bundles of axons, oriented perpendicularly to the cortical surface. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNET","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4322":{"preferredName":"Fibrillary Astrocytoma","code":"C4322","definitions":[{"description":"The most frequent histological variant of diffuse astrocytoma. It is predominantly composed of fibrillary neoplastic astrocytes. Nuclear atypia is a diagnostic criterion but mitotic activity, necrosis and microvascular proliferation are absent. The occasional or regional occurrence of gemistocytic neoplastic cells is compatible with the diagnosis of fibrillary astrocytoma. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibrillary Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrillary astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C4047":{"preferredName":"Pilocytic Astrocytoma","code":"C4047","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I, relatively circumscribed, slowly growing, often cystic astrocytoma occurring in children and young adults. Histologically it is characterized by a biphasic pattern with compacted bipolar cells associated with Rosenthal fibers and multipolar cells associated with microcysts and eosinophilic bodies/hyaline droplets. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade I Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade I Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade I Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilocytic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilocytic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilocytic astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C9022":{"preferredName":"Childhood Astrocytic Tumor","code":"C9022","definitions":[{"description":"An astrocytic tumor arising during childhood, without designation of benign or malignant, nor a designated location.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An astrocytic tumor appearing before the age of twenty one without designation of benign or malignant nor designated location.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Astrocytic Tumors, Childhood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Childhood Astrocytic Tumour","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pediatric Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pediatric Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66801":{"preferredName":"Polar Spongioblastoma","code":"C66801","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion characterized by the presence of neoplastic neuroepithelial cells with palisading nuclei. This lesion implies a morphologic growth pattern and it is not considered a clinicopathological entity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polar Spongioblastoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4323":{"preferredName":"Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma","code":"C4323","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade ll astrocytic tumor with a relatively favorable prognosis. It is characterized by pleomorphic and lipidized cells expressing GFAP often surrounded by a reticulin network and eosinophilic granular bodies. It presents in the superficial cerebral hemispheres and involves the meninges. It typically affects children and young adults.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleomorphic Xantho-Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40315":{"preferredName":"Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma","code":"C40315","definitions":[{"description":"An astrocytic tumor of uncertain relation to pilocytic astrocytoma. It occurs predominantly in infants and young children. It is characterized by a monomorphic architectural pattern, usually associated with the absence of Rosenthal fibers and eosinophilic granular bodies. The clinical course is usually aggressive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4324":{"preferredName":"Astroblastoma","code":"C4324","definitions":[{"description":"A rare glial neoplasm more commonly found in young adults. It is characterized by tumor cells with characteristics suggestive of an astrocytic origin (positive for GFAP), arranged perivascularly. The cells have broad, non-tapering processes radiating towards a central blood vessel. The biologic behavior of astroblastomas is variable, so no WHO grade has been established, yet. (Adapted from WHO.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Astroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C92552":{"preferredName":"Angiocentric Glioma","code":"C92552","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I, slow-growing brain neoplasm of children and young adults, associated with epilepsy. Morphologically it is characterized by an angiocentric pattern, monomorphic cellular infiltrate, and ependymal differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiocentric Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiocentric Glioma (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiocentric Neuroepithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monomorphus Angiocentric Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C94524":{"preferredName":"Pituicytoma","code":"C94524","definitions":[{"description":"An extremely rare, WHO grade I, circumscribed and slow-growing tumor that arises from the neurohypophysis or infundibulum and described in adults. It is characterized by the presence of elongated, spindle-shaped neoplastic glial cells that form storiform patterns or interlacing fascicular arrangements. Signs and symptoms include visual disturbances, headache, amenorrhea, and decreased libido.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pituicytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituicytoma (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Posterior Pituitary Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4325":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Glioblastoma","code":"C4325","definitions":[{"description":"A rare histological variant of glioblastoma (WHO grade IV) with a predominance of bizarre, multinucleated giant cells, an occasionally abundant stromal reticulin network, and a high frequency of TP53 mutations. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant Cell Glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C5419":{"preferredName":"Gliofibroma","code":"C5419","definitions":[{"description":"An astrocytic tumor affecting young people. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of collagenous tissue surrounding neoplastic astrocytes. In some cases the collagen is produced by the tumor cells (desmoplastic astrocytoma), whereas in others it is produced by mesenchymal cells (mixed glioma/fibroma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gliofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3796":{"preferredName":"Gliosarcoma","code":"C3796","definitions":[{"description":"A type of glioma (cancer of the brain that comes from glial, or supportive, cells).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare histological variant of glioblastoma (WHO grade IV) characterized by a biphasic tissue pattern with alternating areas displaying glial and mesenchymal differentiation (WHO).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glioblastoma with a Sarcomatous Component","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gliosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C5592":{"preferredName":"Chordoid Glioma of the Third Ventricle","code":"C5592","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, slow-growing neuroepithelial neoplasm of uncertain origin affecting adults. It is located in the third ventricle. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid cells which express GFAP, and mucinous stroma which contains lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chordoid Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chordoid Glioma of 3rd Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chordoid Glioma of Third Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chordoid Glioma of the 3rd Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chordoid Glioma of the Third Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chordoid Glioma of the Third Ventricle (WHO Grade II)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Third Ventricle Chordoid Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3288":{"preferredName":"Oligodendroglioma","code":"C3288","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, slow-growing tumor that begins in oligodendrocytes (cells that cover and protect nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A well-differentiated (WHO grade II), diffusely infiltrating neuroglial tumor, typically located in the cerebral hemispheres. It is composed predominantly of cells which morphologically resemble oligodendroglia. The neoplastic cells have rounded homogeneous nuclei and, on paraffin sections, a swollen, clear cytoplasm ('honeycomb' appearance). (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"WHO Grade II Oligodendroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade II Oligodendroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Oligodendroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4326":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma","code":"C4326","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade III oligodendroglioma with focal or diffuse malignant morphologic features (prominent nuclear pleomorphism, mitoses, and increased cellularity).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Malignant Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade III Oligodendroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade III Oligodendroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66802":{"preferredName":"Oligodendroblastoma","code":"C66802","definitions":[{"description":"An obsolete term referring to neoplasms arising from oligodendrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oligodendroblastoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3222":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma","code":"C3222","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant brain tumor that begins in the lower part of the brain and that can spread to the spine or to other parts of the body. Medulloblastomas are a type of primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant, invasive embryonal neoplasm arising from the cerebellum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rapidly progressive cancer of the brain that originates in the cerebellum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A malignant, invasive embryonal neoplasm arising from the cerebellum or posterior fossa. It occurs predominantly in children and has the tendency to metastasize via the cerebrospinal fluid pathways. Signs and symptoms include truncal ataxia, disturbed gait, lethargy, headache, and vomiting. There are four histologic variants: classic medulloblastoma, large cell/anaplastic medulloblastoma, desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma, and medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEDULLOBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Medulloblastomas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9497":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma with Melanotic Differentiation","code":"C9497","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant embryonal neoplasm characterized by the presence of small cells which resemble the cells of classic medulloblastoma and a minor population of melanin-forming neuroepithelial cells. It usually has an unfavorable clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloblastoma with Melanotic Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma with Melanotic Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytic Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4956":{"preferredName":"Desmoplastic/Nodular Medulloblastoma","code":"C4956","definitions":[{"description":"A medulloblastoma characterized by the presence of nodular, collagenous areas which do not contain reticulin, surrounded by hypercellular areas which contain an intercellular reticulin fiber network.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Desmoplastic Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Nodular Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic/Nodular Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic/Nodular Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C5407":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma with Extensive Nodularity","code":"C5407","definitions":[{"description":"A medulloblastoma characterized by nodularity and neuronal differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebellar Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma with Extensive Nodularity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma with Extensive Nodularity and Advanced Neuronal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3706":{"preferredName":"Medullomyoblastoma with Myogenic Differentiation","code":"C3706","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant embryonal neoplasm arising from the cerebellum. It is characterized by the morphologic features of a medulloblastoma and the presence of a striated muscle component. Its clinical behavior is similar to medulloblastoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medullomyoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullomyoblastoma with Myogenic Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C5398":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C5398","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer that arises from a particular type of cell within the brain or spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A term that refers to central nervous system embryonal tumors which are not fully characterized. This category includes tumors previously designated as central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS Embryonal Tumor, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS PNET","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CNS PNET","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System PNET","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (WHO Grade IV)","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6968":{"preferredName":"Supratentorial Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C6968","definitions":[{"description":"A central nervous system embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified arising from the supratentorial region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS/Supratentorial PNET","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supratent. primitive neuro. tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Supratentorial Embryonal Tumor, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supratentorial Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supratentorial PNET","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supratentorial Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C6904":{"preferredName":"Large Cell Medulloblastoma","code":"C6904","definitions":[{"description":"A medulloblastoma composed of large cells with prominent nucleoli and a larger amount of cytoplasm in contrast with the cells of the classic medulloblastoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Large Cell Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C92625":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Medulloblastoma","code":"C92625","definitions":[{"description":"A medulloblastoma characterized by marked nuclear pleomorphism, and high mitotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66803":{"preferredName":"Cerebellar Sarcoma","code":"C66803","definitions":[{"description":"An obsolete term referring to desmoplastic medulloblastoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebellar Sarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3049":{"preferredName":"Ganglioneuroma","code":"C3049","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of ganglion cells and spindle cell proliferation, located primarily in the brain, ganglia, or adrenal medulla.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neuroblastic tumor of the sympathetic nervous system that occurs in childhood. Ganglioneuroma typically arises from the sympathetic trunk in the mediastinum. Histologic features include spindle cell proliferation (resembling a neurofibroma) and the presence of large ganglion cells. Common presenting features include a palpable abdominal mass, hepatomegaly, and a thoracic mass detected on routine chest X-ray.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GANGLIONEUROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuroma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuroma (Schwannian Stroma-Dominant)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neural Crest Tumor, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C3790":{"preferredName":"Ganglioneuroblastoma","code":"C3790","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of neuroblastic and ganglion cells and a stroma with Schwannian differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A neuroblastic tumor characterized by the presence of neuroblastic cells, ganglion cells, and a stroma with Schwannian differentiation constituting more than fifty-percent of the tumor volume. There are two histologic subtypes identified: ganglioneuroblastoma, intermixed and ganglioneuroblastoma, nodular.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GANGLIONEUROBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66804":{"preferredName":"Ganglioneuromatosis","code":"C66804","definitions":[{"description":"Extensive and diffuse infiltration of tissues by ganglioneuroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ganglioneuromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6934":{"preferredName":"Gangliocytoma","code":"C6934","definitions":[{"description":"A well differentiated, slow growing neuroepithelial neoplasm composed of neoplastic, mature ganglion cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gangliocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gangliocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8419":{"preferredName":"Dysplastic Cerebellar Gangliocytoma","code":"C8419","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, WHO grade I cerebellar mass, which occurs in young adults and is composed of dysplastic ganglion cells. It is the major CNS manifestation of Cowden disease, an autosomal dominant condition that causes a variety of hamartomas and neoplasms.","attr":"from WHO","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dysplastic Cerebellar Gangliocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysplastic Gangliocytoma of Cerebellum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysplastic Gangliocytoma of the Cerebellum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lhermitte-Duclos Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4327":{"preferredName":"Medulloepithelioma","code":"C4327","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant embryonal neoplasm of the central nervous system, occurring in children. It is characterized by the presence of neuroepithelial cells that form papillary, trabecular, or tubular structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare, usually aggressive malignant embryonal neoplasm of the central nervous system occurring in children. It is characterized by the presence of neuroepithelial cells which form papillary, trabecular, or tubular structures and absence of C19MC amplification. Symptoms include headache, nausea, and vomiting.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Central Nervous System Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Medulloepithelioma, Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66811":{"preferredName":"Spongioneuroblastoma","code":"C66811","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroectodermal tumor composed of neoplastic neural elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spongioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3788":{"preferredName":"Ganglioglioma","code":"C3788","definitions":[{"description":"A well differentiated, slow growing neuroepithelial neoplasm composed of neoplastic, mature ganglion cells and neoplastic glial cells. Some gangliogliomas show anaplastic features in their glial component and are considered to be WHO grade III. Rare cases of newly diagnosed gangliogliomas with grade IV (glioblastoma) changes in the glial component have also been reported. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ganglioglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganglioglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4717":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Ganglioglioma","code":"C4717","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade III neuroepithelial neoplasm composed of neoplastic, mature ganglion cells and anaplastic glial cells. The anaplastic changes in the glial component and high MIB-1 and TP53 labeling indices may indicate aggressive behavior. However, the correlation of histological anaplasia with clinical outcome is inconsistent. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Ganglioglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3791":{"preferredName":"Central Neurocytoma","code":"C3791","definitions":[{"description":"An intraventricular neuronal neoplasm composed of uniform round cells with neuronal differentiation. It is typically located in the lateral ventricles in the region of the foramen of Monro. It generally affects young adults and has a favorable prognosis. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Central Neurocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Neurocytoma (WHO Grade II)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6905":{"preferredName":"Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma","code":"C6905","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, WHO grade II cerebellar neoplasm which shows consistent neuronal, variable astrocytic and focal lipomatous differentiation. It occurs in adults, has a low proliferative potential and usually has a favorable prognosis. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma (WHO Grade II)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipomatous Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C92555":{"preferredName":"Extraventricular Neurocytoma","code":"C92555","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade II neoplasm that arises from the brain parenchyma. Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of neoplastic uniform, round cells with neuronal differentiation. Unlike central neurocytoma, it does not involve the lateral ventricles. It usually affects young adults and has a favorable prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extraventricular Neurocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extraventricular Neurocytoma (WHO Grade II)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4328":{"preferredName":"Pacinian Neurofibroma","code":"C4328","definitions":[{"description":"A neurofibroma characterized by the presence of structures which resemble Vater-Pacini corpuscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pacinian Neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6906":{"preferredName":"Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor","code":"C6906","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive cancer of the central nervous system, kidney, or liver that occurs in very young children.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggressive malignant embryonal neoplasm arising from the central nervous system. It is composed of cells with a large eccentric nucleus, prominent nucleolus, and abundant cytoplasm. Mutations of the INI1 gene or very rarely SMARCA4 (BRG1) gene are present. The vast majority of cases occur in childhood. Symptoms include lethargy, vomiting, cranial nerve palsy, headache, and hemiplegia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AT/RT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AT/RT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATT/RHT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor (WHO Grade IV)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"CNS Rhabdoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Rhabdoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Rhabdoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Rhabdoid Neoplasm of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Rhabdoid Neoplasm of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Malignant Brain Rhabdoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Malignant Brain Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Malignant Rhabdoid Neoplasm of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Malignant Rhabdoid Neoplasm of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Neoplasm of CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Neoplasm of Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Neoplasm of the CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Neoplasm of the Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C92554":{"preferredName":"Papillary Glioneuronal Tumor","code":"C92554","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I, indolent and relatively circumscribed brain tumor. Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of astrocytes that line vascular and hyalinized pseudopapillae. In between the pseudopapillae aggregates of neurocytes, large neurons, and ganglioid cells are present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Glioneuronal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Glioneuronal Tumor (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129431":{"preferredName":"Rosette-Forming Glioneuronal Tumor","code":"C129431","definitions":[{"description":"A central nervous system neoplasm mostly occurring in the fourth ventricle region. It is characterized by the presence of neurocytes forming pseudorosettes and astrocytes which contain Rosenthal fibers. Cytologic atypia is minimal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RGNT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rosette-Forming Glioneuronal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66812":{"preferredName":"Retinocytoma","code":"C66812","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, unilateral or bilateral benign retinal neoplasm. Since there is a risk of malignant transformation to retinoblastoma, patients should be closely observed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7541":{"preferredName":"Retinoblastoma","code":"C7541","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm originating in the nuclear layer of the retina.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant tumor that originates in the nuclear layer of the retina. As the most common primary tumor of the eye in children, retinoblastoma is still relatively uncommon, accounting for only 1% of all malignant tumors in pediatric patients. Approximately 95% of cases are diagnosed before age 5. These tumors may be multifocal, bilateral, congenital, inherited, or acquired. Seventy-five percent of retinoblastomas are unilateral; 60% occur sporadically. A predisposition to retinoblastoma has been associated with 13q14 cytogenetic abnormalities. Patients with the inherited form also appear to be at increased risk for secondary nonocular malignancies such as osteosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and fibrosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in the tissues of the retina (the light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of the eye). Retinoblastoma usually occurs in children younger than 5 years. It may be hereditary or nonhereditary (sporadic).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor that originates in the nuclear layer of the retina. As the most common primary tumor of the eye in children, retinoblastoma is still relatively uncommon, accounting for only 1% of all malignant tumors in pediatric patients. Approximately 95% of cases are diagnosed before age 5. These tumors may be multifocal, bilateral, congenital, inherited, or acquired. Seventy-five percent of retinoblastomas are unilateral; 60% occur sporadically. A predisposition to retinoblastoma has been associated with 13q14 cytogenetic abnormalities. Patients with the inherited form also appear to be at increased risk for secondary nonocular malignancies such as osteosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and fibrosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RETINOBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C66813":{"preferredName":"Differentiated Retinoblastoma","code":"C66813","definitions":[{"description":"A retinoblastoma with well differentiated features. It often produces Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes or Homer-Wright rosettes. In some cases the tumor cells form fleurettes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Differentiated Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66814":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Retinoblastoma","code":"C66814","definitions":[{"description":"A retinoblastoma composed of small, undifferentiated cells. It is often associated with necrotic changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Undifferentiated Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66815":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Retinoblastoma","code":"C66815","definitions":[{"description":"A retinoblastoma characterized by the absence of a distinct retinal mass and the presence of malignant cells diffusely infiltrating the retina. It is often confused with uveitis and endophthalmitis, resulting in delayed diagnosis of the malignancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66816":{"preferredName":"Spontaneously Regressing Retinoblastoma","code":"C66816","definitions":[{"description":"This term applies to a retinoblastoma which has regressed spontaneously. Histologic examination of the tumor reveals benign-appearing tumor cells, with no evidence of nuclear atypia, pleomorphism, or rosettes formation. There is a well-vascularized stroma which contains calcifications.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spontaneously Regressing Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C67155":{"preferredName":"Olfactory Neurogenic Tumor","code":"C67155","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, benign (olfactory neurocytoma) or malignant (olfactory neuroblastoma) neuroectodermal tumor originating from olfactory receptor cells in the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Olfactory Neurogenic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C67156":{"preferredName":"Olfactory Neurocytoma","code":"C67156","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign neuroectodermal tumor originating from olfactory receptor cells in the nasal cavity. Microscopically, it is characterized by the absence of malignant characteristics and the absence of rosettes formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Olfactory Neurocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3789":{"preferredName":"Olfactory Neuroblastoma","code":"C3789","definitions":[{"description":"A rare neuroectodermal tumor originating from olfactory receptor cells in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. Microscopically, it is characterized by neuroblastic differentiation with occasional formation of rosettes. If the tumor is not resected at an early stage, the prognosis is usually poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esthesioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esthesioneuroepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olfactory Esthesioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olfactory Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Olfactory Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olfactory Neuroepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4720":{"preferredName":"Lymphoplasmacyte-Rich Meningioma","code":"C4720","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of prominent chronic inflammatory infiltrates that predominate over the meningioma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacyte-Rich Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6907":{"preferredName":"Metaplastic Meningioma","code":"C6907","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of a prominent mesenchymal component. The mesenchymal component may be osseous, cartilaginous, myxoid, lipomatous, or a mixture of mesenchymal elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metaplastic Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4721":{"preferredName":"Microcystic Meningioma","code":"C4721","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of intercellular microcystic spaces that contain mucinous fluid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Microcystic Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4718":{"preferredName":"Secretory Meningioma","code":"C4718","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of epithelial differentiation and numerous intracellular PAS positive bodies that are rich in glycogen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Secretory Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3707":{"preferredName":"Meningiomatosis","code":"C3707","definitions":[{"description":"The presence of multiple meningiomas in the leptomeninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Meningiomas, Multiple","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningiomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4051":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic (Malignant) Meningioma","code":"C4051","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, fast-growing tumor that forms in one of the inner layers of the meninges (thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord). Malignant meningioma often spreads to other areas of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A WHO grade III meningioma characterized by the presence of malignant morphologic features, including malignant cytology and a very high mitotic index (20 or more mitoses per ten high power fields).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic (Malignant) Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic (Malignant) Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningioma, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"malignant meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C8312":{"preferredName":"Leptomeningeal Sarcoma","code":"C8312","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the leptomeninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sarcoma arising from the leptomeninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leptomeningeal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARCOMA, LEPTOMENINGEAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of Leptomeninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of Leptomeninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of the Leptomeninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of the Leptomeninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma, Meningeal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C4073":{"preferredName":"Meningeal Sarcoma","code":"C4073","definitions":[{"description":"A rare sarcoma arising from the meninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Meningeal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meninges Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of Meninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of the Meninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4329":{"preferredName":"Meningothelial Meningioma","code":"C4329","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of tumor cells that form lobules. The tumor cells are generally uniform. Whorls and psammoma bodies are usually not present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Meningothelial Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningotheliomatous Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4330":{"preferredName":"Fibrous Meningioma","code":"C4330","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of spindle cells that form bundles in a collagen matrix.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroblastic Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrous Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4331":{"preferredName":"Psammomatous Meningioma","code":"C4331","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of psammoma bodies that predominate over the meningeal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Psammomatous Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4332":{"preferredName":"Angiomatous Meningioma","code":"C4332","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of small and medium sized vessels that predominate over the meningioma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiomatous Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66817":{"preferredName":"Hemangioblastic Meningioma","code":"C66817","definitions":[{"description":"An obsolete term referring to hemangiopericytoma of the central nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemangioblastic Meningioma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4333":{"preferredName":"Transitional Meningioma","code":"C4333","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the coexistence of meningothelial cells and fibrous architectural patterns.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional (Mixed) Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4722":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Meningioma","code":"C4722","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade II morphologic variant of meningioma characterized by the presence of clear glycogen-rich polygonal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6908":{"preferredName":"Chordoid Meningioma","code":"C6908","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade II, usually recurring meningioma characterized by the predominance of tissues that are histologically similar to chordoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chordoid Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chordoid Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3904":{"preferredName":"Papillary Meningioma","code":"C3904","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade III meningioma characterized by the predominance of a perivascular pseudopapillary pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6909":{"preferredName":"Rhabdoid Meningioma","code":"C6909","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade III meningioma characterized by the predominant presence of rhabdoid cells forming sheets.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rhabdoid Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4723":{"preferredName":"Atypical Meningioma","code":"C4723","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade II meningioma characterized by the presence of brain invasion and an increased mitotic activity, or at least three of the following morphologic features: small cells, high cellularity, prominent nucleoli, lack of architectural pattern, and necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4334":{"preferredName":"Meningeal Sarcomatosis","code":"C4334","definitions":[{"description":"A rare condition characterized by diffuse spread of sarcoma cells throughout the meninges. The neoplastic cells are derived from meningeal connective tissue. Clinically, this disorder may present as a fulminant pachymeningitis and/or encephalitis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Meningeal Sarcomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meninges Sarcomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatosis of Meninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatosis of the Meninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3272":{"preferredName":"Neurofibroma","code":"C3272","definitions":[{"description":"A benign tumor that develops from the cells and tissues that cover nerves.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An intraneural or extraneural neoplasm arising from nerve tissues and neural sheaths, composed of perineurial-like fibroblasts and Schwann cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An intraneural or extraneural neoplasm arising from nerve tissues and neural sheaths. It is composed of perineurial-like fibroblasts and Schwann cells. It usually presents as a localized cutaneous lesion and less often as a circumscribed peripheral nerve mass. Patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 present with multiple masses. Neurofibromas which arise from major nerves and plexiform neurofibromas are precursor lesions to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NEUROFIBROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neurofibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurofibroma (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6727":{"preferredName":"Neurofibromatosis","code":"C6727","definitions":[{"description":"An autosomal dominant hereditary neoplastic syndrome. Two distinct clinicopathological entities are recognized: neurofibromatosis type 1 and neurofibromatosis type 2. Neurofibromatosis type 1 is associated with the presence of cafe-au-lait cutaneous lesions, multiple neurofibromas, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, optic nerve gliomas, and bone lesions. Neurofibromatosis type 2 is associated with the presence of schwannomas, meningiomas, and gliomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3273":{"preferredName":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1","code":"C3273","definitions":[{"description":"A rare genetic condition that causes brown spots and tumors on the skin, freckling in skin areas not exposed to the sun, tumors on the nerves, and developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bone, and skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant form of neurofibromatosis caused by mutation(s) in the NF1 gene, encoding neurofibromin. The clinical features of this condition may include smooth bordered areas of hyperpigmentation, known as cafe-au-lait spots, axillary freckling, Lisch nodules, short stature, cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors (neurofibromas), optic nerve gliomas, precocious puberty, and growth hormone excess.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The most common type of neurofibromatosis. It is characterized clinically by cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors with patches of hyperpigmentation. The hyperpigmented skin areas, are present from birth and found anywhere on the body surface. They can vary markedly in size and color. The dark brown areas are called cafe-au-lait spots. The multiple cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors are nerve sheath tumors, called neurofibromas. They can develop anywhere along the peripheral nerve fibers. Neurofibromas can become quite large, causing a major disfigurement, eroding bone, and compressing various peripheral nerve structures. Type 1 neurofibromatosis has dominant inheritance, with a gene locus on the proximal long arm of chromosome 17.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NF1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NF1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Microdeletion Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neurofibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Von Recklinghausen Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Von Recklinghausen Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"neurofibromatosis type 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3798":{"preferredName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","code":"C3798","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm, originating from the sheaths of the peripheral nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of soft tissue sarcoma that develops in cells that form a protective sheath (covering) around peripheral nerves, which are nerves that are outside of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An uncommon, highly aggressive malignant tumor, arising from the peripheral nerves and affecting mostly adults in their third to sixth decades of life. It usually occurs in medium-sized and large nerves of the buttock, thigh, upper arm, or the paraspinal region. It may be associated with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MPNST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MPNST","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malig. periph. nerve sheath tum.","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neurilemoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Neurofibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurofibrosarcoma, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neurogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCHWANNOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6561":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","code":"C6561","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor composed predominantly or exclusively of epithelioid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid MPNST","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioid Neoplasm of Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioid Neoplasm of the Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioid Peripheral Nerve Sheath Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioid Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioid Tumor of Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioid Tumor of the Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4748":{"preferredName":"Malignant Melanotic Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","code":"C4748","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells that contain melanin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Melanocytic Neoplasm of Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanocytic Neoplasm of the Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanocytic Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanotic Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanotic Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytic MPNST","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66841":{"preferredName":"Melanotic Neurofibroma","code":"C66841","definitions":[{"description":"A rare neurofibroma characterized by the presence of melanin-laden cells and the absence of atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Melanotic Neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented Neurofibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3797":{"preferredName":"Plexiform Neurofibroma","code":"C3797","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve that has become thick and misshapen due to the abnormal growth of cells and tissues that cover the nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An elongated and multinodular neurofibroma, formed when the tumor involves either multiple trunks of a plexus or multiple fascicles of a large nerve, such as the sciatic. Some plexiform neurofibromas resemble a bag of worms, others produce a massive ropy enlargement of the nerve. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Plexiform Neurofibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexiform Neurofibroma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plexiform Neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexiform neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"plexiform neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3269":{"preferredName":"Schwannoma","code":"C3269","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the peripheral nervous system composed of well-differentiated Schwann cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tumor of the peripheral nervous system that arises in the nerve sheath (protective covering). It is almost always benign, but rare malignant schwannomas have been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign, usually encapsulated slow growing tumor composed of Schwann cells. It affects peripheral and cranial nerves. It recurs infrequently and only rare cases associated with malignant transformation have been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SCHWANNOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Schwannoma (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schwannoma (Who Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3276":{"preferredName":"Acoustic Schwannoma","code":"C3276","definitions":[{"description":"A type of benign brain tumor that begins in the Schwann cells, which produce the myelin that protects the acoustic nerve - the nerve of hearing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acoustic Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acoustic Neuroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acoustic Schwannoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acoustic Schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurilemoma, Acoustic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroma, Acoustic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vestibular Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vestibular Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6556":{"preferredName":"Degenerated Schwannoma","code":"C6556","definitions":[{"description":"A schwannoma that is characterized by degenerative changes such as hyalinization, hemorrhage, calcification and cystic change.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ancient Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ancient Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Degenerated Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Degenerated Schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4724":{"preferredName":"Cellular Schwannoma","code":"C4724","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of schwannoma characterized by hypercellularity, Antoni A pattern, and the absence of well-formed Verocay bodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular Neurinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular Schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6970":{"preferredName":"Melanotic Schwannoma","code":"C6970","definitions":[{"description":"A rare circumscribed, non-encapsulated and grossly pigmented nerve sheath tumor. It is composed of cells with the immunophenotypic and electron microscopic features of Schwann cells which contain melanosomes and are positive for melanoma markers. It usually involves spinal nerve roots but may occur in other locations. It may be associated with PRKAR1A gene mutation and Carney complex. Malignant behavior has been reported in a significant number of patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Melanocytic Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytic Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Neurinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6969":{"preferredName":"Plexiform Schwannoma","code":"C6969","definitions":[{"description":"A schwannoma characterized by a plexiform or multinodular growth pattern. It usually arises from the skin or subcutaneous tissues in the extremities, trunk, and head and neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Plexiform Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexiform Neurinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexiform Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexiform Schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6557":{"preferredName":"Schwannomatosis","code":"C6557","definitions":[{"description":"A rare genetic disorder characterized by the presence of multiple schwannomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neurilemmomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurinomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schwannomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4335":{"preferredName":"Malignant Triton Tumor","code":"C4335","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor which shows rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation. More than half of the patients have neurofibromatosis type 1. The prognosis is usually poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MPNST with Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Peripheral Nerve Sheath with Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Peripheral Nerve Sheath with Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Neoplasm with Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor with Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Triton Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Peripheral Nerve Sheath with Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Peripheral Nerve Sheath with Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7018":{"preferredName":"Neurothekeoma","code":"C7018","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from nerve sheaths. It is characterized by the presence of a myxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nerve Sheath Myxoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurothekeoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3275":{"preferredName":"Neuroma","code":"C3275","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor that arises in nerve cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tumor that grows from a nerve or is composed of nerve cells and nerve fibers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neuroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"neuroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4973":{"preferredName":"Perineurioma","code":"C4973","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign tumor composed entirely of neoplastic perineurial cells. It may occur in the soft tissues, intraneurally or in mucosal sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Perineurioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6911":{"preferredName":"Intraneural Perineurioma","code":"C6911","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I perineurioma that arises within the endoneurium. It is characterized by the formation of pseudo-onion bulbs by the proliferating perineural cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraneural Perineurioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraneural Perineurioma (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6912":{"preferredName":"Soft Tissue Perineurioma","code":"C6912","definitions":[{"description":"A perineurioma not associated with a nerve, arising from the soft tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Soft Tissue Perineurioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue Perineurioma (WHO Grades I, II, or III)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66845":{"preferredName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor with Perineurial Differentiation","code":"C66845","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare malignant tumor with morphologic features similar to those of benign perineurioma of soft tissue along with hypercellularity, nuclear atypia, hyperchromasia, and a high mitotic rate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Perineurioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor with Perineurial Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perineurial Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3474":{"preferredName":"Granular Cell Tumor","code":"C3474","definitions":[{"description":"An unusual benign or malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic large polygonal cells with granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm which contains abundant lysosomes. It was originally thought to be a tumor originating from muscle cells and was named granular cell myoblastoma. Subsequent studies have suggested a derivation from Schwann cells. It affects females more often than males and it usually presents as a solitary mass. A minority of patients have multiple tumors. It can arise from many anatomic sites including the posterior pituitary gland, skin, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, heart, mediastinum, and breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abrikossoff Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abrikossoff's Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Myoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4336":{"preferredName":"Malignant Granular Cell Tumor","code":"C4336","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm, comprised of large cells with cytoplasmatic granules, occurring in various organs/tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An uncommon granular cell tumor which may metastasize to other anatomic sites. Morphologic characteristics include the presence of spindling neoplastic cells, necrosis, extensive pleomorphism, prominent nucleoli, and increased mitiotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GRANULAR CELL TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Granular Cell Myoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Granular Cell Myoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Granular Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Granular Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Granular Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myoblastoma, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C3750":{"preferredName":"Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma","code":"C3750","definitions":[{"description":"A soft tissue tumor that is most common in older children and teenagers. It begins in the soft supporting tissue that connects and surrounds the organs and other tissues. Alveolar soft part sarcoma usually occurs in the legs, but can also occur in the arms, hands, head, or neck. It can cause the growth of new blood vessels that help the tumor grow and spread.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of large epithelioid cells with abundant cytoplasm forming nests and pseudoalveolar structures. The groups of the epithelioid cells are separated by thin-walled sinusoidal spaces. It occurs most often in adolescents and young adults. In adults the most common sites of involvement are the extremities, and in infants and children, the head and neck. It usually presents as a slowly growing mass and it frequently metastasizes to other anatomic sites. The most common sites of metastasis are the lungs, bone, and brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASPS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ASPS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alveolar soft part sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"alveolar soft part sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9301":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Lymphoma","code":"C9301","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in the lymph tissue of the brain, spinal cord, meninges (outer covering of the brain), or eye (called ocular lymphoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma that arises in the brain or spinal cord as a primary lesion. There is no evidence of lymphoma outside the central nervous system at the time of diagnosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymphomas of CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymphomas of the CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCNSL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Primary CNS Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary CNS lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"primary CNS lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"primary central nervous system lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3211":{"preferredName":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C3211","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the lymphatic system that is comprised of abnormal lymphocytes in the absence of Reed-Sternberg cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Any of a large group of cancers of lymphocytes (white blood cells). NHLs can occur at any age and are often marked by lymph nodes that are larger than normal, fever, and weight loss. There are many different types of NHL. These types can be divided into aggressive (fast-growing) and indolent (slow-growing) types, and they can be formed from either B-cells or T-cells. B-cell NHLs include Burkitt lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, immunoblastic large cell lymphoma, precursor B-lymphoblastic lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma. T-cell NHLs include mycosis fungoides, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma. Lymphomas that occur after bone marrow or stem cell transplantation are usually B-cell NHLs. Prognosis and treatment depend on the stage and type of disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Distinct from Hodgkin lymphoma both morphologically and biologically, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is characterized by the absence of Reed-Sternberg cells, can occur at any age, and usually presents as a localized or generalized lymphadenopathy associated with fever and weight loss. The clinical course varies according to the morphologic type. NHL is clinically classified as indolent, aggressive, or having a variable clinical course. NHL can be of B-or T-/NK-cell lineage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NHL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NHL, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"non-Hodgkin lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C26919":{"preferredName":"Lymphosarcoma","code":"C26919","definitions":[{"description":"An obsolete term for a malignant tumor of lymphatic tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antiquated term that refers to a non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of small and medium sized lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphosarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C27824":{"preferredName":"Reticulosarcoma","code":"C27824","definitions":[{"description":"An antiquated term that refers to a non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of diffuse infiltrates of large, often anaplastic lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Reticulosarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7401":{"preferredName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia Variant","code":"C7401","definitions":[{"description":"An indolent chronic B-cell leukemia resembling classic hairy cell leukemia but shows variant cytologic, hematologic, and immunophenotypic features and is resistant to the conventional therapy applied to hairy cell leukemia. Biologically, it is not related to hairy cell leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HCL-V","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolymphocytic Variant of Hairy Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27822":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Malignant Lymphoma","code":"C27822","definitions":[{"description":"An antiquated term referring to non-Hodgkin lymphomas with a diffuse architectural pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Malignant Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27258":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Non-Cleaved Cell Type","code":"C27258","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Non-Cleaved Cell Type","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80308":{"preferredName":"Splenic B-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia, Unclassifiable","code":"C80308","definitions":[{"description":"A small B-cell clonal lymphoproliferative disorder of the spleen that does not fall into any of the other categories of mature B-cell neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Splenic B-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80309":{"preferredName":"Splenic Diffuse Red Pulp Small B-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C80309","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon, indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of small B-lymphocytes involving the red pulp of the spleen, bone marrow, and peripheral blood. Patients often have massive splenomegaly. The peripheral blood examination reveals villous lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Splenic Diffuse Red Pulp Small B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C38661":{"preferredName":"Composite Lymphoma","code":"C38661","definitions":[{"description":"A rare form of lymphoma (cancer that begins in cells of the immune system) in which different types of lymphoma cells occur at the same time. The different lymphoma cells may form in the same tissue or organ or in many different tissues or organs. The composite lymphoma may contain different types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells or both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Coexistence of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the same anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Composite Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Composite Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Composite Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Composite Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"composite lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C37869":{"preferredName":"B-Cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, with Features Intermediate between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C37869","definitions":[{"description":"A group of lymphomas displaying molecular, morphologic, immunophenotypic, and clinical overlap between classic Hodgkin lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. This term particularly applies to mediastinal lymphomas with overlapping features of mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma and classic Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, with Features Intermediate between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, with Features Intermediate between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, with Features Intermediate between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, with Features Intermediate between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gray Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin-Like Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Hodgkin Features","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7217":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous Follicle Center Lymphoma","code":"C7217","definitions":[{"description":"A primary lymphoma of the skin composed of various numbers of small and large irregular neoplastic follicle center cells. Its morphologic pattern can be nodular, diffuse, or nodular and diffuse. It presents with solitary or grouped plaques and tumors, and it usually involves the scalp, forehead, or trunk. It rarely involves the legs. This type of cutaneous lymphoma tends to remain localized to the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Crosti's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous Follicle Center Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous Follicle Centre Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCFCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Follicle Center Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reticulohistiocytoma of the Dorsum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6913":{"preferredName":"Lymphocyte-Rich Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C6913","definitions":[{"description":"A subtype of classic Hodgkin lymphoma with scattered Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells and a nodular or less often diffuse cellular background consisting of small lymphocytes and with an absence of neutrophils and eosinophils. (WHO, 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LRCHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Rich Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Rich Classical Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Rich Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Rich Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Rich Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Rich Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Rich Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Rich Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Rich Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Rich Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8590":{"preferredName":"Lymphocyte Predominant Type Hodgkin's Disease","code":"C8590","definitions":[{"description":"An antiquated term that refers either to nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma or to lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphocyte Predominant Type Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3517":{"preferredName":"Mixed Cellularity Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C3517","definitions":[{"description":"A subtype of classic Hodgkin lymphoma with scattered Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin cells in a diffuse or vaguely nodular mixed inflammatory background without nodular sclerosing fibrosis. (WHO, 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease Mixed Cellularity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Lymphoma Mixed Cellularity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCCHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cellularity Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cellularity Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cellularity Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mixed Cellularity Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cellularity Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cellularity Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9283":{"preferredName":"Lymphocyte-Depleted Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C9283","definitions":[{"description":"A diffuse subtype of classic Hodgkin lymphoma which is rich in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells and/or depleted in non-neoplastic lymphocytes. (WHO, 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma Lymphocyte Depleted","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease Lymphocyte Depletion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Lymphoma Lymphocyte Depleted","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDCHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Depleted Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Depleted Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Depleted Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Depleted Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Depleted Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Depleted Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Depleted Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Depleted Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Depleted Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Depleted Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7258":{"preferredName":"Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C7258","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of Hodgkin lymphoma, which is a cancer of the immune system. It is marked by the presence of a type of cell called a popcorn cell, which is different from the typical Reed-Sternberg cell found in classical Hodgkin lymphoma. This type of Hodgkin lymphoma may change into diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A monoclonal B-cell neoplasm characterized by a nodular, or a nodular and diffuse proliferation of scattered large neoplastic cells known as popcorn or lymphocyte predominant cells (LP cells)- formerly called L&H cells for lymphocytic and/or histiocytic Reed-Sternberg cell variants. The LP cells lack CD15 and CD30 in nearly all instances. Patients are predominantly male, frequently in the 30-50 year age group. Most patients present with limited stage disease (localized peripheral lymphadenopathy, stage I or II). (WHO 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma nodular LP, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma nodular lymphocyte predominant type, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"NLPHL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NLPHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C26956":{"preferredName":"Hodgkin's Paragranuloma","code":"C26956","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin's Paragranuloma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6914":{"preferredName":"Hodgkin's Granuloma","code":"C6914","definitions":[{"description":"An obsolete term referring to Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin's Granuloma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3518":{"preferredName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C3518","definitions":[{"description":"A subtype of classic Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by collagen bands that surround at least one nodule, and Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells with lacunar type morphology. (WHO, 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin's Nodular Sclerosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSCHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSHD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C67171":{"preferredName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma, Cellular Phase","code":"C67171","definitions":[{"description":"A nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by the presence of lacunar cells, nodular growth, and the absence of fibrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease Nodular Sclerosis, Cellular Phase","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma, Cellular Phase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma, Cellular Phase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma, Cellular Phase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7165":{"preferredName":"Grade 1 Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C7165","definitions":[{"description":"Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma in which at least 75% of the tumor nodules contain scattered Reed-Sternberg cells. The background cellular infiltrate is lymphocytic, mixed, or fibrohistiocytic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade 1 Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade I Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27270":{"preferredName":"Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Lymphocyte Predominance","code":"C27270","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Lymphocyte Predominance","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27098":{"preferredName":"Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Mixed Cellularity","code":"C27098","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Mixed Cellularity","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7166":{"preferredName":"Grade 2 Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C7166","definitions":[{"description":"Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma in which at least 25% of the tumor nodules contain increased numbers of Reed-Sternberg cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade 2 Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27808":{"preferredName":"Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Lymphocyte Depletion","code":"C27808","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Lymphocyte Depletion","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27807":{"preferredName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma, Syncytial Variant","code":"C27807","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Syncytial Variant","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma, Syncytial Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma, Syncytial Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma, Syncytial Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7540":{"preferredName":"Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma","code":"C7540","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of small lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An indolent (slow-growing) type of lymphoma in which too many immature lymphocytes (white blood cells) are found mostly in the lymph nodes. This causes the lymph nodes to become larger than normal. Sometimes cancer cells are found in the blood and bone marrow, and the disease is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The disease is most often seen in people older than 50 years. SLL is a type of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of monomorphic small, round B-lymphocytes in the lymph nodes. When the lymphoid process predominantly involves the bone marrow and the peripheral blood it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Cell Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"B-Cell Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Well Differentiated Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPHOMA, SMALL LYMPHOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma, Lymphocytic, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SLL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SLL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Small B-Cell Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Small B-Cell Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small lymphocytic lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"small lymphocytic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"well-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3212":{"preferredName":"Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma","code":"C3212","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of lymphocytes (B-cells), lymphoplasmacytoid cells, and plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A clonal neoplasm of small B-lymphocytes, lymphoplasmacytoid cells, and plasma cells involving the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and the spleen. The majority of patients have a serum IgM paraprotein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunocytoma, Lymphoplasmacytic Type","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunocytoma, Lymphoplasmacytic Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LYMPHOMA, LYMPHOPLASMACYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma, Plasmacytic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacytoid Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacytoid Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3898":{"preferredName":"Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","code":"C3898","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer that arises in cells in mucosal tissue that are involved in antibody production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An indolent, extranodal type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of small B-lymphocytes (centrocyte-like cells). The gastrointestinal tract is the most common site of involvement. Other common sites of involvement include lung, head and neck, ocular adnexae, skin, thyroid, and breast. Gastric involvement is associated with the presence of H. pylori infection. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extranodal Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT-lymphoma)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Immunocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MALT Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MALT lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MALT-lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"MALToma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4337":{"preferredName":"Mantle Cell Lymphoma","code":"C4337","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that usually occurs in middle-aged or older adults. It is marked by small- to medium-size cancer cells that may be in the lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, blood, and gastrointestinal system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggressive, usually diffuse non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of small to medium sized B-lymphocytes (centrocytes). Most patients present with advanced stage disease with lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and bone marrow involvement. The gastrointestinal tract is the most commonly affected extranodal site by this type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The vast majority of cases express the t(11;14)(q13;q32) resulting in the rearrangement of the BCL-1 gene and the overexpression of cyclin D1 mRNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classical Mantle Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mantle Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mantle Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mantle Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mantle Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mantle cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"mantle cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4339":{"preferredName":"Multifocal Lymphomatous Polyposis","code":"C4339","definitions":[{"description":"A clinico-pathological entity reflecting the multiple polyps throughout the gastrointestinal tract created as a result of involvement by a non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Typically, mantle cell lymphomas involving the gastrointestinal tract give rise to multifocal lymphomatous polyposis. Importantly, other histologic subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma can also produce this clinico-pathological entity. (WHO, 2000) -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multifocal Lymphomatous Polyposis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Lymphomatous Polyposis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4338":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Centroblastic-Centrocytic Lymphoma","code":"C4338","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CB/CC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Centroblastic-Centrocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6915":{"preferredName":"Primary Effusion Lymphoma","code":"C6915","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, aggressive (fast-growing) type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma marked by an abnormal build-up of fluids in a body cavity. It usually occurs together with a human herpesvirus in people who have weakened immune systems, such as in AIDS.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A large B-cell lymphoma usually presenting as a serous effusion without detectable tumor masses. It is universally associated with human herpes virus 8 (HHV8), also called Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. It mostly occurs in the setting of immunodeficiency. The most common sites of involvement are the pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities. Rare HHV8-positive lymphomas indistinguishable from primary effusion lymphomas (PEL) present as solid tumor masses, and have been termed extracavitary PEL. The prognosis is extremely unfavorable. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Effusion Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Effusion Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Primary Effusion Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary effusion lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"primary effusion lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9280":{"preferredName":"Primary Mediastinal (Thymic) Large B-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C9280","definitions":[{"description":"A large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma arising in the mediastinum. Morphologically it is characterized by a massive diffuse lymphocytic proliferation associated with compartmentalizing fibrosis. Response to intensive chemotherapy, with or without radiotherapy, is usually good. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Cell Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma of Mediastinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma of the Mediastinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediastinal (Thymic) Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediastinal (Thymic) Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Mediastinal B-Cell Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediastinal Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma with Sclerosis","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"PMBL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PMLCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Mediastinal (Thymic) Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Mediastinal Clear Cell Lymphoma of B-Cell Type","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8851":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C8851","definitions":[{"description":"A type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (cancer of the immune system) that is usually aggressive (fast-growing). It is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and is marked by rapidly growing tumors in the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bone marrow, or other organs. Other symptoms include fever, night sweats, and weight loss. There are several subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by a diffuse proliferation of predominantly large neoplastic B lymphocytes. It is the most frequently seen type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, representing 30%-40% of the cases. Morphologic variants include centroblastic lymphoma, immunoblastic lymphoma, and anaplastic lymphoma. Subtypes/entities include T-cell/histiocyte rich large B-cell lymphoma, primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system, plasmablastic lymphoma, primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type, and ALK-positive large B-cell lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DLBCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"diffuse large B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6916":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Lymphoma","code":"C6916","definitions":[{"description":"A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma variant characterized by the presence of large round, oval, or polygonal cells with bizarre pleomorphic nuclei resembling Hodgkin or Reed-Sternberg cells. It is unrelated to anaplastic large cell lymphoma which is a T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80291":{"preferredName":"High Grade B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C80291","definitions":[{"description":"A high grade B-cell lymphoma with blastoid features or features between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma which lacks MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 rearrangements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, with Features Intermediate between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Burkitt Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCLU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGBL, NOS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade B-Cell Lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80289":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Associated with Chronic Inflammation","code":"C80289","definitions":[{"description":"A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma arising in body cavities or narrow spaces of long standing chronic inflammation. The classic example is the pyothorax-associated lymphoma that arises in the pleural cavity of patients with a history of long standing pyothorax.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DLBCL-CI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Associated with Chronic Inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80281":{"preferredName":"EBV-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C80281","definitions":[{"description":"A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma originally described in patients older than 50 years but it has been increasingly recognized in younger patients. Epstein-Barr virus is present in all cases. There is no known history of immunodeficiency or prior lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Age-Related EBV Positive B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBV Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Elderly","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBV-Positive DLBCL, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBV-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EBV-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus Positive DLBCL, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Elderly","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Senile EBV-Associated B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4342":{"preferredName":"Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C4342","definitions":[{"description":"A rare extranodal B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, characterized by the presence of lymphoma cells exclusively in the lumina of small vessels, particularly capillaries. This is an extremely aggressive lymphoma which responds poorly to chemotherapy. (WHO, 2001) -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiotropic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiotropic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intravascular B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Angioendotheliomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4074":{"preferredName":"Centroblastic Lymphoma","code":"C4074","definitions":[{"description":"A B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of large noncleaved cells. This is a subtype of diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Centroblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Centroblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Centroblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9496":{"preferredName":"T-Cell/Histiocyte-Rich Large B-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C9496","definitions":[{"description":"A large B-cell lymphoma characterized by the presence of a limited number of scattered neoplastic large B-lymphocytes which are admixed with numerous non-neoplastic T-lymphocytes and frequently histiocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T-Cell Rich/Histiocyte-Rich Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell/Histiocyte Rich Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell/Histiocyte-Rich Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"T-Cell/Histiocyte-Rich Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THRLBCL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27265":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Large Cell, Cleaved","code":"C27265","definitions":[{"description":"Antiquated term describing non-Hodgkin lymphomas that are usually diffuse and are composed of large cells with irregular nuclei, invisible nucleoli and a small amount of cytoplasm. This morphologic category includes both mature B- and mature T-cell lymphomas.--2004","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Large Cell, Cleaved","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27266":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Non-Cleaved, Diffuse","code":"C27266","definitions":[{"description":"Antiquated term for diffuse non-Hodgkin lymphomas composed of non-cleaved cells. The vast majority of cases are mature B-cell lymphomas (Burkitts or diffuse large B-cell lymphomas).--2004","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Non-Cleaved, Diffuse","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27099":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Histiocytic, Diffuse","code":"C27099","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Histiocytic, Diffuse","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27823":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Large Cell Type","code":"C27823","definitions":[{"description":"An antiquated term that refers to a morphologic variant of non-Hodgkin lymphoma which is composed predominantly or exclusively of large neoplastic lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Large Cell Type","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3461":{"preferredName":"Immunoblastic Lymphoma","code":"C3461","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of immunoblasts (large B cells).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma characterized by the presence of immunoblasts with uniformly round-to-oval nuclei, a prominent nucleolus, and abundant cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPHOMA, IMMUNOBLASTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C2912":{"preferredName":"Burkitt Lymphoma","code":"C2912","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that occurs most often in children and young adults. The disease may affect the jaw, central nervous system, bowel, kidneys, ovaries, or other organs. There are three main types of Burkitt lymphoma (sporadic, endemic, and immunodeficiency related). Sporadic Burkitt lymphoma occurs throughout the world, and endemic Burkitt lymphoma occurs in Africa. Immunodeficiency-related Burkitt lymphoma is most often seen in AIDS patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A highly aggressive lymphoma composed of monomorphic medium-sized B-cells with basophilic cytoplasm and numerous mitotic figures. It is often associated with the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and is commonly seen in AIDS patients. Three morphologic variants are recognized: classical Burkitt lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma with plasmacytoid differentiation, and atypical Burkitt/Burkitt-like lymphoma. All cases express the MYC translocation [t(8;14)]. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Burkitt Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Burkitt Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt's lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Small Non-Cleaved Cell Lymphoma, Burkitt's Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6917":{"preferredName":"Atypical Burkitt/Burkitt-Like Lymphoma","code":"C6917","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of Burkitt lymphoma characterized by marked nuclear pleomorphism, abundant apoptotic debris, and the presence of tangible body macrophages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Burkitt's/Burkitt's-Like Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Burkitt/Burkitt-Like Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Burkitt/Burkitt-Like Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt's-like Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt-like Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4663":{"preferredName":"Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma","code":"C4663","definitions":[{"description":"A B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of small lymphocytes which surround and replace the splenic white pulp germinal centers. It involves the spleen and splenic hilar lymph nodes, bone marrow, and often the peripheral blood. When lymphoma cells are present in the peripheral blood, they are usually, but not always, characterized by the presence of short polar villi. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marginal Zone Lymphoma of the Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLVL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMZL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Lymphoma with Circulating Villous Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma with Villous Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma with Villous Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3209":{"preferredName":"Follicular Lymphoma","code":"C3209","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm of lymphoid cells which has at least a partial follicular pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (cancer of the immune system) that is usually indolent (slow-growing). The tumor cells grow as groups to form nodules. There are several subtypes of follicular lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neoplasm of follicle centre B cells which has at least a partial follicular pattern. Follicular lymphomas comprise about 35% of adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the U.S. and 22% worldwide. Most patients have widespread disease at diagnosis. Morphologically, follicular lymphomas are classified as Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3, depending on the percentage of the large lymphocytes present. The vast majority of cases (70-95%) express the BCL-2 rearrangement [t(14;18)]. Histological grade correlates with prognosis. Grades 1 and 2 follicular lymphomas are indolent and grade 3 is more aggressive (adapted from WHO, 2001).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicle Center Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicle Center Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Centre Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"LYMPHOMA, FOLLICULAR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma, Follicular Centre Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"follicular lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C8968":{"preferredName":"Grade 2 Follicular Lymphoma","code":"C8968","definitions":[{"description":"An indolent (slow-growing) type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (cancer of the lymphatic system) in which there are both small and large cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A follicular lymphoma which contains 6-15 centroblasts per 40X high-power microscopic field.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular Mixed Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Mixed Lymphocytic-Histiocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II Follicular Mixed Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Mixed Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"follicular mixed cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"grade 2 follicular lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3465":{"preferredName":"Grade 1 Follicular Lymphoma","code":"C3465","definitions":[{"description":"An indolent (slow-growing) type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma marked by enlarged lymph nodes and small cells that have cleaved (u-shaped) nuclei.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A follicular lymphoma which contains up to 5 centroblasts per 40X high-power microscopic field.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular Small Cleaved Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade I Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade I Follicular Small Cleaved Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Nodular Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"grade 1 follicular lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3460":{"preferredName":"Grade 3 Follicular Lymphoma","code":"C3460","definitions":[{"description":"A type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma marked by large cells and enlarged lymph nodes. Grade 3 follicular lymphoma is less common, and more aggressive than grades 1 or 2 follicular lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A follicular lymphoma which contains more than 15 centroblasts per 40X high-power microscopic field.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma, Predominantly Large Cell","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Follicular Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Histiocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"follicular large cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"grade 3 follicular lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7191":{"preferredName":"Grade 3a Follicular Lymphoma","code":"C7191","definitions":[{"description":"A grade 3 follicular lymphoma in which centrocytes are present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade 3a Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7192":{"preferredName":"Grade 3b Follicular Lymphoma","code":"C7192","definitions":[{"description":"A grade 3 follicular lymphoma composed of solid sheets of centroblasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade 3b Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8994":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymphoma Centroblastic, Follicular","code":"C8994","definitions":[{"description":"An antiquated term that refers to a follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed predominantly of large B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma Centroblastic, Follicular","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4341":{"preferredName":"Marginal Zone Lymphoma","code":"C4341","definitions":[{"description":"An indolent (slow-growing) type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that begins forming in certain areas (the marginal zones) of lymph tissue. There are three types based on whether it forms in the spleen, lymph nodes, or other lymphoid tissue that contains a lot of B cells (a type of white blood cell).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A usually indolent mature B-cell lymphoma, arising from the marginal zone of lymphoid tissues. It is characterized by the presence of small to medium sized atypical lymphocytes. It comprises three entities, according to the anatomic sites involved: extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, which affects extranodal sites (most often stomach, lung, skin, and ocular adnexa); nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, which affects lymph nodes without evidence of extranodal disease; and splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, which affects the spleen and splenic hilar lymph nodes, bone marrow, and often the peripheral blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MZBCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MZL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MZL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"marginal zone B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"marginal zone lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C5264":{"preferredName":"Bronchial Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma","code":"C5264","definitions":[{"description":"An extranodal marginal zone lymphoma that arises from the lung. It is characterized by the neoplastic proliferation of small B-lymphocytes, monocytoid cells and cells with plasma cell differentiation in the marginal zones of reactive lymphoid follicles. The neoplastic cells infiltrate the interfollicular areas and the bronchial epithelium forming lymphoepithelial lesions. The neoplasm is usually discovered as a mass in a chest x-ray in asymptomatic patients. When symptoms occur, they include cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, and chest pain. If the lung lesions are resectable, surgery can result in prolonged remission.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BALT Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BALToma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchial MALT Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchial Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchus-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8863":{"preferredName":"Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma","code":"C8863","definitions":[{"description":"A primary nodal B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma which morphologically resembles lymph nodes involved by marginal zone lymphomas of extranodal or splenic types, but without evidence of extranodal or splenic disease. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monocytoid B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodal Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodal marginal zone B-cell lymph.","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C7230":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","code":"C7230","definitions":[{"description":"A low-grade, extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue that arises from the skin. It usually presents with multifocal papular or nodular lesions in the arms or trunk. It rarely disseminates to internal organs or progresses to high grade lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C-MALT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous Immunocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marginal Zone B Cell Lymphoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marginal Zone B Cell Lymphoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Marginal Zone B Cell Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SALT Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3246":{"preferredName":"Mycosis Fungoides","code":"C3246","definitions":[{"description":"A type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that first appears on the skin and can spread to the lymph nodes or other organs such as the spleen, liver, or lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A peripheral (mature) T-cell lymphoma presenting in the skin with patches/plaques. It is characterized by epidermal and dermal infiltration of small to medium-sized T-cells with cerebriform nuclei. Patients with limited disease generally have an excellent prognosis. In the more advanced stages, the prognosis is poor. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CTCL/ Mycosis fungoides","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma/Mycosis fungoides","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"MF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycosis Fungoides","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycosis Fungoides","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mycosis Fungoides","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mycosis fungoides","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C35794":{"preferredName":"Pagetoid Reticulosis","code":"C35794","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of mycosis fungoides, characterized by an exclusively intraepidermal atypical (cerebriform) lymphocytic infiltrate. Patients present with a localized psoriasiform or hyperkeratotic patch or plaque, usually in the extremities. Extracutaneous dissemination of the disease has never been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pagetoid Reticulosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3366":{"preferredName":"Sezary Syndrome","code":"C3366","definitions":[{"description":"A form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, a cancerous disease that affects the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A generalized peripheral (mature) T-cell neoplasm characterized by the presence of erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, and neoplastic, cerebriform T-lymphocytes in the blood. Sezary syndrome is an aggressive disease. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CTCL / Sezary syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma/Sezary syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Sezary Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sezary Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sezary Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sezary syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Sezary's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sézary Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4340":{"preferredName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C4340","definitions":[{"description":"A heterogenous category of nodal and extranodal mature T-cell lymphomas that do not correspond to any of the specifically defined entities of mature T-cell lymphoma in the 2017 WHO classification. Excluded from this category are tumors with a T follicular helper (TFH) cell phenotype. Variants include lymphoepithelioid lymphoma (Lennert lymphoma) and primary EBV-positive nodal T-cell or NK-cell lymphoma. The follicular variant included in the peripheral T-cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified, in the 2008 edition of the WHO classification has been moved to the category of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and other nodal lymphomas of T follicular helper cell origin in the 2017 WHO update. The same is true for a proportion of cases previously designated as the T-zone variant, because they usually have a TFH-cell phenotype. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C37194":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-Negative","code":"C37194","definitions":[{"description":"A T-cell peripheral lymphoma morphologically indistinguishable from anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive. It is characterized by the absence of the translocation involving the ALK gene and lacks expression of ALK fusion protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALCL, ALK-","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALK-Negative Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-Negative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7205":{"preferredName":"Lymphoepithelioid Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C7205","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic small lymphocytes infiltrating the lymph nodes in a diffuse and less frequently interfollicular pattern. There is an associated proliferation of epithelioid histiocytes forming confluent clusters.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lennert Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lennert Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lennert's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lennert's Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoepithelioid Cell Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoepithelioid Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27352":{"preferredName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Large Cell","code":"C27352","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Large Cell","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3466":{"preferredName":"T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C3466","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which certain cells of the lymph system (called T lymphocytes) become cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-Hodgkin lymphoma of T-cell lineage. It includes the T lymphoblastic lymphoma and the mature T- and NK-cell lymphomas. -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin's T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell and NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell and NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7204":{"preferredName":"T-Zone Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C7204","definitions":[{"description":"An obsolete variant of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified included in the 2008 WHO classification. These lymphomas usually have a T follicular helper (TFH) cell phenotype and have been moved to the category of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and other nodal lymphomas of T follicular helper cell origin in the 2017 WHO update. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T-Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Zone Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7528":{"preferredName":"Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C7528","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma marked by enlarged lymph nodes and hypergammaglobulinemia (increased antibodies in the blood). Other symptoms may include a skin rash, fever, weight loss, or night sweats.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A peripheral T-cell lymphoma of mature T follicular helper (TFH) cells characterized by systemic disease and a polymorphous infiltrate involving lymph nodes, with a prominent proliferation of high endothelial venules and follicular dendritic cells. EBV-positive cells are nearly always present. It is a clinically aggressive lymphoma and seen mainly in older adults. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AILD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AILT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic Lymphadenopathy","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic Lymphadenopathy Type T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic Lymphadenopathy with Dysproteinemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6918":{"preferredName":"Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C6918","definitions":[{"description":"A cytotoxic primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Recent studies suggest there are at least two groups of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphomas, each with distinct histologic features, immunophenotypic profile, and prognosis. One group has an alpha/beta, CD8 positive phenotype, involves only subcutaneous tissues, and usually has an indolent clinical course. The second group has a gamma/delta phenotype, is CD8 negative, often co-expresses CD56, is not confined to the subcutaneous tissues, and usually has a poor prognosis. In the recent WHO-EORTC classification, the term subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma is reserved for cases with an alpha/beta, CD8 positive phenotype. Cases with a gamma/delta phenotype are included in the group of cutaneous gamma/delta T-cell lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SPTCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma (Alpha/Beta Type)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma, Alpha/Beta Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3467":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C3467","definitions":[{"description":"Any of a group of T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas that begins in the skin as an itchy, red rash that can thicken or form a tumor. The most common types are mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma arising from the skin. Representative examples include mycosis fungoides and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CTCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCTCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cutaneous T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C45366":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous CD4-Positive Small/Medium T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","code":"C45366","definitions":[{"description":"A primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. It usually presents with a solitary plaque or tumor on the face, neck, or upper trunk. Morphologically, it is composed of small to medium-sized CD4-positive, CD8-negative, and CD30-negative pleomorphic T-lymphocytes. A small number of large pleomorphic T-lymphocytes may also be present. The lymphocytic infiltrate is dermal. Focal epidermotropism and subcutaneous involvement may be present. The clinical behavior is almost always indolent and most patients present with localized disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD4-Positive Small/Medium T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD4-Positive Small/Medium-Sized T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD4-Positive Small/Medium-Sized Pleomorphic T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7162":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous Lymphoma","code":"C7162","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous (Skin) Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Skin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C37193":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-Positive","code":"C37193","definitions":[{"description":"A T-cell peripheral lymphoma composed of usually large, pleomorphic, CD30 positive T-lymphocytes with abundant cytoplasm characterized by the presence of a translocation involving the ALK gene and expression of ALK fusion protein. Most patients present with peripheral and/or abdominal lymphadenopathy, and often have advanced disease and extranodal involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALCL, ALK+","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALKoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-Positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3720":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","code":"C3720","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is usually of the T-cell type. The cancer cells express a marker called CD30 or Ki-1 on the surface, and may appear in the lymph nodes, skin, bones, soft tissues, lungs, or liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A peripheral (mature) T-cell lymphoma, consisting of usually large anaplastic, CD30 positive cells. The majority of cases are positive for the anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK) protein. The most frequently seen genetic alteration is a t(2;5) translocation. Majority of patients present with advanced disease. The most important prognostic indicator is ALK positivity, which has been associated with a favorable prognosis. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALCL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ALCL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ALCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD30 Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ki-1 Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ki-1+ ALCL","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ki-1+ Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anaplastic large cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C8459":{"preferredName":"Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C8459","definitions":[{"description":"An extranodal, mature T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that originates from cytotoxic T-cells, usually of gamma/delta T-cell type. It is characterized by the presence of medium-size neoplastic lymphocytes infiltrating the hepatic sinusoids. A similar infiltrating pattern is also present in the spleen and bone marrow that are usually involved at the time of the diagnosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatosplenic Gamma/Delta T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4737":{"preferredName":"Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C4737","definitions":[{"description":"A mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma of intraepithelial T-lymphocytes. It usually arises from the small intestine, most commonly the jejunum or ileum. Other less frequent primary anatomic sites include the duodenum, stomach, colon, or outside the gastrointestinal tract. It is characterized by the presence of pleomorphic medium-sized to large T-lymphocytes with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and moderate to abundant pale cytoplasm. It is associated with celiac disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EATL, Type I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enteropathy Associated T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma, Type I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enteropathy-Type T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7195":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous CD30-Positive T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","code":"C7195","definitions":[{"description":"This entity represents a spectrum of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by CD30 (Ki-1)-positive cutaneous T-cell infiltrates. The two ends of the spectrum include lymphomatoid papulosis (benign end) and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (malignant end). Borderline lesions are also included in this spectrum. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD30+ T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD30-Positive T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3721":{"preferredName":"Lymphomatoid Papulosis","code":"C3721","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic, recurrent cutaneous disorder characterized by the presence of spontaneously regressing papules. The papules are composed of an atypical lymphocytic infiltrate that contains anaplastic CD30-positive T-cells, which are found in type A and diffuse large cell type (type C) lymphomatoid papulosis. In a small number of cases, of type B, the lymphocytic infiltrate is composed of small, cerebriform-like lymphocytes that are often negative for CD30. The majority of cases follow a benign clinical course, but some cases are clonal and may progress to lymphoma. Treatment options include low dose methotrexate and psoralen/UVA (PUVA).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LyP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphomatoid Papulosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphomatoid Papulosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6860":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","code":"C6860","definitions":[{"description":"An anaplastic large cell lymphoma limited to the skin at the time of diagnosis. Most patients present with solitary or localized skin lesions, which may be tumors, nodules or papules. The t(2;5) translocation that is present in many cases of systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma, is not found in this disease. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALCL, cutaneous","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, primary cutaneous type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"C-ALCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD30 Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD30+ ALCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD30+ Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4684":{"preferredName":"Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C4684","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant lymphoid neoplasm composed of EBV-positive NK/T cells arranged in an angiocentric pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An aggressive, predominantly extranodal, mature T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is characterized by an often angiocentric and angiodestructive cellular infiltrate composed of EBV positive NK/T cells. The nasal cavity is the most common site of involvement. Patients often present with midfacial destructive lesions (lethal midline granuloma). The disease may disseminate rapidly to various anatomic sites including the gastrointestinal tract, skin, testis, and cervical lymph nodes. It is also known as angiocentric T-cell lymphoma. The term \"polymorphic reticulosis\" has been widely used to describe the morphologic changes seen in this type of lymphoma. However, the latter term may also apply to lymphomatoid granulomatosis, which is an angiocentric and angiodestructive EBV positive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiocentric T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Angiocentric T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extranodal NK/T lymphoma-nasal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RETICULOSIS, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C68692":{"preferredName":"Childhood Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C68692","definitions":[{"description":"A nasal type of non-anaplastic peripheral NK/T cell lymphoma occurring during childhood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A nasal type extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma occurring in childhood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Childhood Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}]}}{"C80374":{"preferredName":"Systemic EBV-Positive T-Cell Lymphoma of Childhood","code":"C80374","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive, life-threatening, EBV-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder affecting children.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An aggressive and life-threatening, EBV-positive T-cell lymphoma affecting children. It is more prevalent in Taiwan and Japan. Clinically, it presents with acute onset of fever and generalized malaise, followed by hepatosplenomegaly and liver failure. Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of infiltrating T-lymphocytes which are usually small and erythrophagocytosis. Most patients have a fulminant clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Systemic EBV-Positive T-Cell Lymphoma of Childhood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Systemic EBV-Positive T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disease of Childhood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Systemic EBV-Positive T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder of Childhood","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45327":{"preferredName":"Hydroa Vacciniforme-Like Lymphoproliferative Disorder","code":"C45327","definitions":[{"description":"In contrast to hydroa vacciniforme (HV), HV-like lymphoma is not induced by sun exposure and the lesions can occur in both sun-exposed and covered body areas. It affects children, almost exclusively in Latin America and Asia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare, EBV-positive cutaneous T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder, composed of CD8 positive cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. It affects children, almost exclusively in Latin America and Asia. Patients present with papulovesicular skin lesions, clinically resembling hydroa vacciniforme, in areas of sun-exposed skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HV-Like Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hydroa Vacciniforme-Like Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroa Vacciniforme-Like Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroa Vacciniforme-Like Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hydroa Vacciniforme-Like Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45340":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous Gamma-Delta T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C45340","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive cutaneous lymphoma of mature, activated gamma/delta T-lymphocytes. It usually presents with disseminated plaques and nodules. Involvement of mucosal sites is frequent. However, involvement of lymph nodes, spleen, or bone marrow is uncommon. Morphologically, there are three patterns of cutaneous involvement: epidermotropic, dermal, and subcutaneous. Often, more than one pattern may co-exist in a single biopsy specimen, or may be present in different biopsy specimens from the same patient. The lymphocytic infiltrate is composed of medium- to large-sized lymphocytes expressing CD56. Most cases lack both CD4 and CD8, although CD8 may be present in some cases. This group of lymphomas includes cases previously known as subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma with a gamma/delta phenotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous Gamma/Delta T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Gamma-Delta T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Gamma-Delta T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Gamma-Delta T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7203":{"preferredName":"Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm","code":"C7203","definitions":[{"description":"A clinically aggressive neoplasm derived from the precursors of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (also called professional type I interferon-producing cells or plasmacytoid monocytes), with a high frequency of cutaneous and bone marrow involvement and leukemic dissemination. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Agranular CD4+ CD56+ Hematodermic Neoplasm/Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agranular CD4+ Natural Killer Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPDCN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blastic NK-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blastic Natural Killer Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD4+/CD56+ Hematodermic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monomorphic NK-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27821":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Convoluted","code":"C27821","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Convoluted","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6919":{"preferredName":"T Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","code":"C6919","definitions":[{"description":"A type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in which too many T-cell lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the lymph nodes and spleen. It is most common in young men.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The most frequent type of lymphoblastic lymphoma. It comprises approximately 85-90% of cases. It is more frequently seen in adolescent males. It frequently presents with a mass lesion in the mediastinum. Pleural effusions are common. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Precur. T-lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Precursor T Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor T-Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"T Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"T Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9349":{"preferredName":"Plasmacytoma","code":"C9349","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer that begins in plasma cells (white blood cells that produce antibodies). A plasmacytoma may turn into multiple myeloma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant (clonal) proliferation of plasma cells that are cytologically and immunophenotypically identical to those of plasma cell myeloma, but manifest a localized osseous or extraosseous growth pattern. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7812":{"preferredName":"Solitary Osseous Plasmacytoma","code":"C7812","definitions":[{"description":"A localized, clonal (malignant) plasma cell infiltrate in the bone, without peripheral blood involvement. The most commonly affected bones are the vertebrae, ribs, skull, pelvis and femur. X-rays examination reveals a solitary lytic lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Isolated Osseous Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isolated Plasmacytoma of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Osseous Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Osseous Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Solitary Osseous Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Plasmacytoma of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6932":{"preferredName":"Solitary Plasmacytoma","code":"C6932","definitions":[{"description":"A localized clonal (malignant) plasma cell infiltrate either in the bony skeleton or soft tissue without peripheral blood involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Solitary Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C3242":{"preferredName":"Plasma Cell Myeloma","code":"C3242","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the bone marrow composed of plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of cancer that begins in plasma cells (white blood cells that produce antibodies).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bone marrow-based plasma cell neoplasm characterized by a serum monoclonal protein and skeletal destruction with osteolytic lesions, pathological fractures, bone pain, hypercalcemia, and anemia. Clinical variants include non-secretory myeloma, smoldering myeloma, indolent myeloma, and plasma cell leukemia. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kahler disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MYELOMA, PLASMA CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Myeloma/Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"multiple myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"myelomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"plasma cell myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3180":{"preferredName":"Plasma Cell Leukemia","code":"C3180","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive plasma cell neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic plasma cells in the peripheral blood. It is characterized by the presence of a circulating clonal plasma cell count that exceeds 2x10^9/L or is 20% of the leukocyte differential count.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leukemia Plasmacytic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmacytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4002":{"preferredName":"Extraosseous Plasmacytoma","code":"C4002","definitions":[{"description":"A plasma cell neoplasm arising at an extraosseous site. There is no involvement of the bone marrow. It most frequently involves the oropharynx, nasopharynx, sinuses, and larynx. Other sites of involvement include the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, breast, skin, lymph nodes, and bladder. A minority of patients have a monoclonal gammopathy. Treatment includes radiation therapy. Progression to plasma cell myeloma occurs in a minority of patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extramedullary Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extraosseous Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extraosseous Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Extraosseous Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7224":{"preferredName":"Plasmablastic Lymphoma","code":"C7224","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma frequently arising in the setting of HIV infection and characterized by the presence of large neoplastic cells resembling B-immunoblasts which have the immunophenotypic profile of plasma cells. Sites of involvement include the oral cavity, sinonasal cavity, skin, soft tissues, gastrointestinal tract, and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PBL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmablastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7225":{"preferredName":"ALK-Positive Large B-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C7225","definitions":[{"description":"A usually aggressive large B-cell lymphoma characterized by the presence of monomorphic immunoblast-like neoplastic B-lymphocytes in a sinusoidal growth pattern. The neoplastic B-lymphocytes express the ALK kinase but they lack the 2;5 translocation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK-DLBCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALK-Positive Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Expression of Full-Length ALK","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Expression of Full-Length Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27856":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Arising in HHV8-Positive Multicentric Castleman Disease","code":"C27856","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma occurring in patients with HHV8-positive multicentric Castleman disease. It is characterized by the presence of human herpesvirus 8-infected large B-lymphocytes that resemble plasmablasts. It is usually seen in patients with HIV infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Arising in HHV8-Positive Multicentric Castleman Disease","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Arising in HHV8-Positive Multicentric Castleman Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSHV-8 Positive Extracavity Lymphoma","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSHV-8+ Extracavity Lymphoma","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSHV-Associated Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Human Herpes Virus 8 Positive Extracavity Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Human Herpes Virus 8 Positive Extracavity Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Human Herpes Virus 8+ Extracavity Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large B-Cell Lymphoma Arising in HHV 8-Associated Multicentric Castleman Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large B-Cell Lymphoma Arising in HHV8-Associated Multicentric Castleman Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large B-Cell Lymphoma Arising in Human Herpes Virus 8-Associated Multicentric Castleman Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9303":{"preferredName":"Mastocytoma","code":"C9303","definitions":[{"description":"A growth or lump of mast cells (a type of white blood cell). Mast cell tumors can involve the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and muscle tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A localized tumor composed of sheets of mast cells without atypia. It includes the cutaneous mastocytoma which involves the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, and the extracutaneous mastocytoma. Most cases of extracutaneous mastocytoma have been reported in the lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mastocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mastocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7137":{"preferredName":"Cutaneous Mastocytosis","code":"C7137","definitions":[{"description":"A form of mastocytosis characterized by mast cell infiltration of the skin. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous (Skin) Mastocytosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cutaneous Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3218":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Cutaneous Mastocytosis","code":"C3218","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of cutaneous mastocytosis which is seen almost exclusively in children. (WHO, 2001) -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Cutaneous Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3433":{"preferredName":"Urticaria Pigmentosa/Maculopapular Cutaneous Mastocytosis","code":"C3433","definitions":[{"description":"The most frequent form of cutaneous mastocytosis. In children, the lesions tend to be papular, and are characterized by aggregates of elongated or spindle-shaped mast cells which fill the papillary dermis and extend into the reticular dermis. In adults, the lesions tend to have fewer mast cells compared to those in children. The lesions are located most commonly on the trunk, but they can be seen on the extremities, head and neck. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"UP/MPCM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urticaria Pigmentosa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urticaria Pigmentosa/Maculopapular Cutaneous Mastocytosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Urticaria Pigmentosa/Maculopapular Cutaneous Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7136":{"preferredName":"Extracutaneous Mastocytoma","code":"C7136","definitions":[{"description":"A localized tumor consisting of mature mast cells. (WHO, 2001) -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extracutaneous Mastocytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Extracutaneous Mastocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7138":{"preferredName":"Solitary Mastocytoma of the Skin","code":"C7138","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous Solitary Mastocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Solitary Mastocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Mastocytoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Mastocytoma of the Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9348":{"preferredName":"Mast Cell Sarcoma","code":"C9348","definitions":[{"description":"A rare entity characterized by localized but destructive growth of a tumor consisting of highly atypical, immature mast cells.(WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MCS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9286":{"preferredName":"Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis","code":"C9286","definitions":[{"description":"An indolent mast cell neoplasm characterized by systemic infiltration of skin and internal organs by aggregates of neoplastic mast cells. There is no evidence of mast cell leukemia or clonal hematologic malignancy. Clinically, there is no evidence of palpable hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, malabsorption syndrome, or pathologic fractures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ISM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8991":{"preferredName":"Malignant Mastocytosis","code":"C8991","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of mast cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Malignant neoplasm originating from mast cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAST CELL TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9285":{"preferredName":"Aggressive Systemic Mastocytosis","code":"C9285","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive and progressive mast cell neoplasm characterized by systemic infiltration of internal organs by aggregates of neoplastic mast cells. There is no evidence of mast cell leukemia or clonal hematologic malignancy. Clinical symptoms include hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, portal hypertension, malabsorption syndrome, and pathologic fractures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aggressive Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aggressive Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aggressive Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9284":{"preferredName":"Systemic Mastocytosis with an Associated Hematological Neoplasm","code":"C9284","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by systemic infiltration of internal organs by aggregates of neoplastic mast cells and the presence of a clonal non-mast cell hematologic neoplasm (e.g., myelodysplastic syndrome, chronic myeloproliferative disorder, acute myeloid leukemia, and lymphoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SM-AHN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-AHNMD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Systemic Mastocytosis with Associated Clonal Hematological non-Mast-Cell Lineage Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Systemic Mastocytosis with an Associated Hematological Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Systemic Mastocytosis with an Associated Hematological Neoplasm (SM-AHN)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9235":{"preferredName":"Systemic Mastocytosis","code":"C9235","definitions":[{"description":"A rare disease in which too many mast cells (a type of immune system cell) are found in the skin, bones, joints, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and gastrointestinal tract. Mast cells give off chemicals such as histamine that can cause flushing (a hot, red face), itching, abdominal cramps, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, low blood pressure, and shock.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A variant of mastocytosis characterized by multifocal, dense infiltrates of mast cells (15 or more mast cells in aggregates) detected in the bone marrow and/or other extracutaneous sites. (WHO, 2001) -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Systemic Tissue Mast Cell Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Systemic mastocytosis, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"systemic mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3169":{"preferredName":"Mast Cell Leukemia","code":"C3169","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of systemic mastocytosis with involvement of the bone marrow (20% or more mast cells) and the peripheral blood (mast cells account for 10% or more of peripheral blood white cells). (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mast Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7202":{"preferredName":"Malignant Histiocytosis","code":"C7202","definitions":[{"description":"An antiquated term referring to cases of systemic non-Hodgkin lymphomas which are composed of large, atypical neoplastic lymphoid cells and cases of hemophagocytic syndromes. In the past, cases of anaplastic large cells lymphoma were called malignant histiocytosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histiocytic Medullary Reticulosis","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Histiocytosis","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C61240":{"preferredName":"Omenn Syndrome","code":"C61240","definitions":[{"description":"An autosomal recessive combined immunodeficiency syndrome caused by mutations in the RAG-1 and RAG-2 genes. It is characterized by the presence of alopecia, erythroderma, desquamation, lymphadenopathy, and chronic diarrhea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Omenn Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3107":{"preferredName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","code":"C3107","definitions":[{"description":"A group of rare disorders in which too many Langerhans cells (a type of white blood cell) grow in certain tissues and organs including the bones, skin, and lungs, and damage them. Langerhans cell histiocytosis may also affect the pituitary gland (which makes hormones that control other glands and many body functions, especially growth). Langerhans cell histiocytosis is most common in children and young adults.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Tissue infiltration by Langerhans cells (histiocytes). When infiltration involves the pituitary stalk or gland, presentation includes diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes accompanied by other pituitary dysfunction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A neoplastic proliferation of Langerhans cells which contain Birbeck granules by ultrastructural examination. Three major overlapping syndromes are recognized: eosinophilic granuloma, Letterer-Siwe disease, and Hand-Schuller-Christian disease. The clinical course is generally related to the number of organs affected at presentation. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histiocytosis X","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histiocytosis X","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"LCH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LCH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Granulomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C6920":{"preferredName":"Hand-Schuller-Christian Disease","code":"C6920","definitions":[{"description":"A multifocal, unisystem form of Langerhans-cell histiocytosis. There is involvement of multiple sites in one organ system, most frequently the bone. Patients are usually young children presenting with multiple destructive bone lesions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A multifocal, unisystem form of Langerhans-cell histiocytosis. There is involvement of multiple sites in one organ system, most frequently the bone. Patients are usually young children presenting with multiple destructive bone lesions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classic Multifocal Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hand-Schuller-Christian Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hand-Schüller-Christian Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Multifocal Unisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3016":{"preferredName":"Eosinophilic Granuloma","code":"C3016","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical variant of Langerhans cell histiocytosis that is characterized by unifocal involvement of a bone (most often), skin, or lung. Patients are usually older children or adults, often presenting with a lytic bone lesion of an unknown etiology. Morphologically, eosinophilic granuloma is characterized by the presence of Langerhans cells in a characteristic milieu that includes histiocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, and small, mature lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A clinical variant of Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterized by unifocal involvement of a bone (most often), skin, or lung. Patients are usually older children or adults usually presenting with a lytic bone lesion. The etiology is unknown. Morphologically, eosinophilic granuloma is characterized by the presence of Langerhans cells in a characteristic milieu which includes histiocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, and small, mature lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Unifocal Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Eosinophilic Granuloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eosinophilic Granuloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Eosinophilic Xanthomatous Granuloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eosinophilic Xanthomatous Granuloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Monostotic Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Unifocal Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3160":{"preferredName":"Letterer-Siwe Disease","code":"C3160","definitions":[{"description":"A multifocal, multisystem form of Langerhans-cell histiocytosis. There is involvement of multiple organ systems that may include the bones, skin, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. Patients are usually infants presenting with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, bone and skin lesions, and pancytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A multifocal, multisystem form of Langerhans-cell histiocytosis. There is involvement of multiple organ systems including the bones, skin, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. Patients are usually infants presenting with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, bone and skin lesions, and pancytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Disseminated Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Letterer-Siwe Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Letterer-Siwe Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Multifocal Multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C27349":{"preferredName":"Histiocytic Sarcoma","code":"C27349","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of cells resembling histiocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An aggressive malignant neoplasm with a poor response to therapy, usually presenting as stage III/IV disease. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with morphologic and immunophenotypic characteristics similar to those seen in mature histiocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histiocytic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histiocytic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Histiocytic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARCOMA, HISTIOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C6921":{"preferredName":"Langerhans Cell Sarcoma","code":"C6921","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic proliferation of Langerhans cells with overtly malignant cytologic features. It can be considered a higher grade variant of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and it can present de novo or progress from antecedent LCH. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9282":{"preferredName":"Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","code":"C9282","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic proliferation of spindle to ovoid cells which show phenotypic features similar to those of interdigitating dendritic cells. The clinical course is generally aggressive. (WHO, 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Interdigitating Cell Sarcoma/Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma/Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C81767":{"preferredName":"Indeterminate Dendritic Cell Tumor","code":"C81767","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare dendritic cell tumor composed of spindle to ovoid cells with a phenotype that is similar to the Langerhans cells. Patients usually present with cutaneous papules, nodules, and plaques. Systemic symptoms are usually absent. The clinical course is variable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Indeterminate Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indeterminate Dendritic Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9281":{"preferredName":"Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","code":"C9281","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm composed of spindle to ovoid cells which have morphologic and immunophenotypic characteristics of follicular dendritic cells. It affects lymph nodes and other sites including the tonsils, gastrointestinal tract, spleen, liver, soft tissues, skin, and oral cavity. It usually behaves as a low grade sarcoma. Treatment options include complete surgical removal of the tumor with or without adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Recurrences have been reported in up to half of the cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma/Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C81758":{"preferredName":"Fibroblastic Reticular Cell Tumor","code":"C81758","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare dendritic cell tumor affecting the lymph nodes, spleen, and soft tissues. Morphologically it is similar to the interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma or follicular dendritic cell sarcoma. The tumor cells are positive for cytokeratin and CD68. Clinical outcome is variable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroblastic Reticular Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Fibroblastic Reticular Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80307":{"preferredName":"Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia","code":"C80307","definitions":[{"description":"An indolent (slow-growing) type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma marked by abnormal levels of IgM antibodies in the blood and an enlarged liver, spleen, or lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma associated with bone marrow involvement and IgM monoclonal gammopathy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Waldenström Macroglobulinemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3082":{"preferredName":"Heavy Chain Disease","code":"C3082","definitions":[{"description":"A group of rare disorders of immunoglobulin synthesis associated with B-cell proliferative disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HCD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heavy Chain Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heavy Chain Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3132":{"preferredName":"Alpha Heavy Chain Disease","code":"C3132","definitions":[{"description":"A clonal disorder, also known as immunoproliferative small intestinal disease or Mediterranean lymphoma, characterised by the secretion of a defective alpha heavy chain. It predominantly affects young people in the Mediterranean region. It involves the small intestine, and patients usually present with malabsorption syndrome, abdominal pain, weight loss, and fever. There is extensive villous atrophy of the small intestinal mucosa, which is heavily infiltrated by small lymphocytes and plasma cells. The small intestinal morphologic changes are consistent with a mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT lymphoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alpha Heavy Chain Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPSID","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediterranean Abdominal Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediterraneanl Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3083":{"preferredName":"Gamma Heavy Chain Disease","code":"C3083","definitions":[{"description":"A clonal disorder characterized by the secretion of a truncated gamma chain. In most cases, it is associated with morphologic changes also seen in lymphoplasmacytic lymphomas, but the clinical course is typically more aggressive than in lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Franklin Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Franklin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma Heavy Chain Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3892":{"preferredName":"Mu Heavy Chain Disease","code":"C3892","definitions":[{"description":"A clonal disorder characterized by the secretion of a mu heavy chain that lacks a variable region. Most patients present with slowly progressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In contrast to most cases of CLL, Mu heavy chain disease is associated with hepatosplenomegaly and absence of lymphadenopathy. --2004","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mu Heavy Chain Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3996":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance","code":"C3996","definitions":[{"description":"A benign condition in which there is a higher-than-normal level of a protein called M protein in the blood. Patients with MGUS are at an increased risk of developing cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A condition in which an abnormal amount of a single immunoglobulin is present in the serum. This category includes IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and non-IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Up to 25% of cases of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance progress to a B-cell malignancy or myeloma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MGUS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"MGUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MGUS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C40970":{"preferredName":"Angiocentric Immunoproliferative Lesion","code":"C40970","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic lymphoproliferative process characterized by an angiocentric arrangement of the tumor cells which is associated with angiodestruction. It includes lymphomatoid granulomatosis which is a lymphoproliferative lesion derived from mature B-lymphocytes and cases of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphomas of nasal type.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AIL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiocentric Immunoproliferative Lesion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7930":{"preferredName":"Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis","code":"C7930","definitions":[{"description":"Destructive growth of lymph cells, usually involving the lungs, skin, kidneys, and central nervous system. Grades I and II are not considered cancerous, but grade III is considered a lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An angiocentric and angiodestructive lymphoproliferative disease involving extranodal sites, comprised of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive B-cells admixed with reactive T-cells. Incidence is higher among adult males; patients with a history of immunodeficiency are at increased risk. The most common site of involvement is the lung; other common sites include brain, kidney, liver, and skin. Morphologically, three grades are recognized: grade I, II, and III. Grade III lymphomatoid granulomatosis should be approached clinically as a subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphomatoid granulomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"lymphomatoid granulomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4664":{"preferredName":"T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia","code":"C4664","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells which are large and granular, originating from lymphoid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of leukemia in which large T lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) that contain granules (small particles) are found in the blood. It is a chronic disease that may last for a long time and get worse.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A T-cell peripheral neoplasm characterized by a persistent (>6 months) increase in the number of peripheral blood large granular lymphocytes, without a clearly identified cause. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, LARGE GRANULAR LYMPHOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LGLL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGLL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Large Cell Granular Lymphogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Large Cell Granular Lymphogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell Granular Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Large Cell Granular Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Granular Lymphocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Large Granular Lymphocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T Gamma Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"T Gamma Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Gamma Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"T-Gamma Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-LGL leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"T-cell large gran. lymph. leuk.","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Tgamma Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C3819":{"preferredName":"Primary Amyloidosis","code":"C3819","definitions":[{"description":"A plasma cell neoplasm that secretes an abnormal immunoglobulin, which deposits in tissues and forms a beta-pleated sheet structure that binds Congo red dye with characteristic birefringence. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AL Amyloidosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Light Chain Amyloidosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Amyloidosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Amyloidosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7727":{"preferredName":"Light Chain Deposition Disease","code":"C7727","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which plasma cells secrete immunoglobulin light chains of only one type, kappa or lambda. Light chain deposition disease is often associated with multiple myeloma or lymphoproliferative disease, but as many as 50% of patients have no evidence of neoplastic plasma cell proliferation. Light chains excreted in the urine are known as Bence Jones protein. Amyloidosis and severe renal failure occur more frequently than in multiple myeloma. Also known as Bence Jones myeloma. L-chain disease, L-chain myeloma, and LCDD. --2004","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bence Jones Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Light Chain Deposition Disease","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Light Chain Deposition Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Light Chain Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Light Chain Gammopathy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4982":{"preferredName":"Aleukemic Leukemia","code":"C4982","definitions":[{"description":"A leukemia characterized by the absence of leukemic cells in the peripheral blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aleukemic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Aleukemic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3483":{"preferredName":"Chronic Leukemia","code":"C3483","definitions":[{"description":"A slowly progressing cancer that starts in blood-forming tissues such as the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of white blood cells to be produced and enter the blood stream.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A slowly progressing leukemia characterized by a clonal (malignant) proliferation of maturing and mature myeloid cells or mature lymphocytes. When the clonal cellular population is composed of myeloid cells, the process is called chronic myelogenous leukemia. When the clonal cellular population is composed of lymphocytes, it is classified as chronic lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, or T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Chronic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chronic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9300":{"preferredName":"Acute Leukemia","code":"C9300","definitions":[{"description":"A rapidly progressing cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of white blood cells to be produced and enter the blood stream.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A clonal (malignant) hematopoietic disorder with an acute onset, affecting the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. The malignant cells show minimal differentiation and are called blasts, either myeloid blasts (myeloblasts) or lymphoid blasts (lymphoblasts).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acute leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4673":{"preferredName":"Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia","code":"C4673","definitions":[{"description":"An acute leukemia characterized by a single population of blasts that coexpress myeloid and lymphoid antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage characterized by blasts which coexpress myeloid and T or B lineage antigens or concurrent B and T lineage antigens. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C6923":{"preferredName":"Acute Bilineal Leukemia","code":"C6923","definitions":[{"description":"An acute leukemia in which there is a dual population of blasts with each population expressing markers of a distinct lineage (myeloid and lymphoid or B-and T-lymphocyte).","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage in which there is a dual population of blasts with each population expressing markers of a distinct lineage (myeloid and lymphoid or B-and T-lymphocyte). (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Bilineal Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Bilineal Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Bilineal Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Bilineal Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C82192":{"preferredName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","code":"C82192","definitions":[{"description":"A rare mixed phenotype acute leukemia in which the blasts also carry the translocation t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2) by karyotypic analysis or the BCR-ABL1 translocation by FISH or PCR. The prognosis is usually unfavorable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(9;22)(q34;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C82203":{"preferredName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(v;11q23.3); KMT2A Rearranged","code":"C82203","definitions":[{"description":"A rare mixed phenotype acute leukemia in which the blasts also carry a translocation (v; 11q23.3) involving the KMT2A gene. The prognosis is usually unfavorable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(v;11q23); MLL Rearranged","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(v;11q23.3); KMT2A Rearranged","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C82212":{"preferredName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, B/Myeloid, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C82212","definitions":[{"description":"A rare mixed phenotype acute leukemia in which the blasts express B-lymphoid and myeloid lineage markers but are negative for MLL translocation and t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) translocation. The prognosis is usually unfavorable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, B/Myeloid, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, B/Myeloid, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C82213":{"preferredName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, T/Myeloid, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C82213","definitions":[{"description":"A rare mixed phenotype acute leukemia in which the blasts express T-lymphoid and myeloid lineage markers but are negative for MLL translocation and t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) translocation. The prognosis is usually unfavorable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, T/Myeloid, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, T/Myeloid, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80326":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C80326","definitions":[{"description":"The term refers to precursor lymphoid neoplasms which are composed of B-lymphoblasts and characterized by the absence of recurrent genetic abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80331":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","code":"C80331","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor lymphoid neoplasm which is composed of B-lymphoblasts and carries a translocation between the BCR gene on chromosome 22 and the ABL1 gene on chromosome 9. It results in the production of the p190 kd or p210 kd fusion protein. It has an unfavorable clinical outcome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(9;22)(q34;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(9;22)(q34;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80332":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(v;11q23.3); KMT2A Rearranged","code":"C80332","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor lymphoid neoplasm which is composed of B-lymphoblasts and carries a translocation between the KMT2A gene at 11q23.3 and another gene partner resulting in the production of a KMT2A related fusion protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(v;11q23); MLL Rearranged","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(v;11q23.3); KMT2A Rearranged","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(v;11q23); MLL Rearranged","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80334":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(12;21)(p13.2;q22.1); ETV6-RUNX1","code":"C80334","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor lymphoid neoplasm which is composed of B-lymphoblasts and carries a translocation between the TEL gene on chromosome 12 and the AML1 gene on chromosome 21, (p13.2;q22.1). It results in the production of the TEL-AML1 (ETV6-RUNX1) fusion protein. It has a favorable clinical outcome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(12;21)(p13.2;q22.1); ETV6-RUNX1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(12;21)(p13;q22); TEL-AML1 (ETV6-RUNX1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(12;21)(p13;q22); TEL-AML1 (ETV6-RUNX1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80335":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with Hyperdiploidy","code":"C80335","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor lymphoid neoplasm composed of B-lymphoblasts which contain more than 50 and usually less than 66 chromosomes. It has a favorable clinical outcome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with Hyperdiploidy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with Hyperdiploidy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80340":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(5;14)(q31.1;q32.3); IL3-IGH","code":"C80340","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor lymphoid neoplasm which is composed of B-lymphoblasts and carries a translocation between the IL3 gene on chromosome 5 and the IGH locus on chromosome 14, (q31.1;q32.3). It results in eosinophilia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(5;14)(q31.1;q32.3); IL3-IGH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(5;14)(q31;q32); IL3-IGH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(5;14)(q31;q32); IL3-IGH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80341":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(1;19)(q23;p13.3); E2A-PBX1 (TCF3-PBX1)","code":"C80341","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor lymphoid neoplasm which is composed of B-lymphoblasts and carries a translocation between the E2A gene on chromosome 19 and the PBX1 gene on chromosome 1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(1;19)(q23;p13.3); E2A-PBX1 (TCF3-PBX1)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(1;19)(q23;p13.3); E2A-PBX1 (TCF3-PBX1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4343":{"preferredName":"Aleukemic Lymphoid Leukemia","code":"C4343","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aleukemic Lymphatic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aleukemic Lymphogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aleukemic Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7176":{"preferredName":"Aleukemic Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","code":"C7176","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aleukemic Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aleukemic Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3163":{"preferredName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","code":"C3163","definitions":[{"description":"An indolent (slow-growing) cancer in which too many immature lymphocytes (white blood cells) are found mostly in the blood and bone marrow. Sometimes, in later stages of the disease, cancer cells are found in the lymph nodes and the disease is called small lymphocytic lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The most common type of chronic lymphoid leukemia. It comprises 90% of chronic lymphoid leukemias in the United States. Morphologically, the neoplastic cells are small, round B-lymphocytes. This type of leukemia is not considered to be curable with available therapy. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Cell CLL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell CLL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Chronic Lymphogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCLL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CLL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic B-Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphatic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hematopoeitic - Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chronic lymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7400":{"preferredName":"Burkitt Leukemia","code":"C7400","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, fast-growing type of leukemia (blood cancer) in which too many white blood cells called B lymphocytes form in the blood and bone marrow. It may start in the lymph nodes as Burkitt lymphoma and then spread to the blood and bone marrow, or it may start in the blood and bone marrow without involvement of the lymph nodes. Both Burkitt leukemia and Burkitt lymphoma have been linked to infection with the Epstein-Barr virus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The leukemic counterpart of Burkitt's lymphoma. The characteristic Burkitt cells are seen in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. This is an aggressive leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Burkitt Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Burkitt Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Burkitt's Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt's Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt's leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"FAB L3","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L3 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L3 Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L3 Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L3 Acute Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8644":{"preferredName":"B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","code":"C8644","definitions":[{"description":"An acute lymphoblastic leukemia of B-lineage origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of leukemia (blood cancer) in which too many B-cell lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the bone marrow and blood. It is the most common type of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The most frequent type of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Approximately 75% of cases occur in children under six years of age. This is a good prognosis leukemia. In the pediatric age group the complete remission rate is approximately 95% and the disease free survival rate is 70%. Approximately 80% of children appear to be cured. In the adult age group the complete remission rate is 60-85%. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute B Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute B-Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"B Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Cell Precursor Type Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-ALL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-ALL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Precursor Type Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Type Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"B-precursor ALL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Precursor B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-precursor ALL)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"precursor B-lymphoblastic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3184":{"preferredName":"Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma","code":"C3184","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma caused by the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). It is marked by bone and skin lesions, high calcium levels, and enlarged lymph nodes, spleen, and liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A peripheral (mature) T-cell neoplasm linked to the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma is endemic in several regions of the world, in particular Japan, the Caribbean, and parts of Central Africa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATLL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ATLL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult T Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult T-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"HTLV-1 Associated Adult T-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HTLV-I Associated Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C39591":{"preferredName":"Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorder of NK-Cells","code":"C39591","definitions":[{"description":"A type of leukemia in which large natural killer (NK) cells (a type of white blood cell) that contain granules (small particles) are found in the blood. It is a chronic disease that may last for a long time and get worse.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An Epstein-Barr virus negative disorder with a chronic clinical course affecting predominantly adults and characterized by the proliferation of large granular lymphocytes with natural killer cell immunophenotype. The T-cell receptor genes are not rearranged.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CLPD-NK","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorder of NK-Cells","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorder of NK-Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic NK-Cell Lymphocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic NK-LGL Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic NK-Large Granular Lymphocyte Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indolent Large Granular NK-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indolent NK-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Lymphocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK-LGL leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NK-LGLL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NK-Type Lymphoproliferative Disorder of Granular Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"natural killer-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3181":{"preferredName":"Prolymphocytic Leukemia","code":"C3181","definitions":[{"description":"A type of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in which too many immature white blood cells (prolymphocytes) are found in the blood and bone marrow. PLL usually progresses more rapidly than classic CLL.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mature B- or T- cell leukemia with progressive clinical course. It is characterized by the presence of medium-sized lymphocytes with visible nucleoli (prolymphocytes) in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and spleen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolymphocytic leukemia (B or T)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Prolymphocytic leukemia (B or T-cell)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"prolymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4753":{"preferredName":"B-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia","code":"C4753","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant B-cell lymphoproliferative process affecting the blood, bone marrow, and spleen. The B-prolymphocytes are medium-sized, round lymphoid cells with prominent nucleoli. The B-prolymphocytes must exceed 55% of lymphoid cells in the blood. Cases of transformed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and CLL with increased prolymphocytes are excluded. The prognosis is poor. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4752":{"preferredName":"T-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia","code":"C4752","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive T-cell leukemia, characterized by the proliferation of small to medium sized prolymphocytes with a mature T-cell phenotype, involving the blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and skin. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27290":{"preferredName":"L1 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","code":"C27290","definitions":[{"description":"An acute lymphoblastic leukemia (current term: precursor lymphoblastic leukemia) of B-or T-cell origin which according to the FAB classification is characterized by the presence of more mature-appearing lymphoblasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L1 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27281":{"preferredName":"L2 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","code":"C27281","definitions":[{"description":"An antiquated term that refers to acute lymphoblastic leukemia with large and irregular lymphoblasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FAB L2","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L2 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L2 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27797":{"preferredName":"Common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","code":"C27797","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27798":{"preferredName":"Pre-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","code":"C27798","definitions":[{"description":"An acute lymphoblastic leukemia that originates from pre-B lymphocytes. The pre-B lymphoblasts contain cytoplasmic immunoglobulin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pre-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pre-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27799":{"preferredName":"Pre-Pre-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","code":"C27799","definitions":[{"description":"Acute lymphoblastic leukemia of early B-lineage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pre-Pre-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3183":{"preferredName":"T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","code":"C3183","definitions":[{"description":"An acute lymphoblastic leukemia of T-lineage origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of leukemia (blood cancer) in which too many T-cell lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the bone marrow and blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Acute lymphoblastic leukemia of T-cell origin. It comprises about 15% of childhood cases and 25% of adult cases. It is more common in males than females. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute T Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute T Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute T Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute T-Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute T-Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor T-lymphoblastic leukemia (T-cell ALL)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"T-ALL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-ALL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Type Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-cell ALL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"precursor T-lymphoblastic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C8694":{"preferredName":"T Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma","code":"C8694","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm of lymphoblasts committed to the T-cell lineage, typically composed of small to medium-sized blast cells. When the neoplasm involves predominantly the bone marrow and the peripheral blood, it is called T acute lymphoblastic leukemia. When it involves nodal or extranodal sites it is called T lymphoblastic lymphoma. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Precursor T Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor T Lymphoblastic Lymphoma/Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor T-Lymphoblastic Lymphoma/Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"T Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27820":{"preferredName":"Mature T-ALL","code":"C27820","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mature T-ALL","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27261":{"preferredName":"Pre T-ALL","code":"C27261","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pre T-ALL","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8923":{"preferredName":"Acute Erythroid Leukemia","code":"C8923","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells, originating from immature erythroid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia characterized by a predominant immature erythroid population.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia characterized by a predominant immature erythroid population. There are two subtypes recognized: erythroleukemia and pure erythroid leukemia. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Erythroblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acute Erythroblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Erythroid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Erythroid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Erythroid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Erythroblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Erythroblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAB M6","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fab M6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, ERYTHROID, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"M6 Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"M6 Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7467":{"preferredName":"Pure Erythroid Leukemia","code":"C7467","definitions":[{"description":"Acute erythroid leukemia characterised by the presence of immature erythroid cells in the bone marrow (at least 80% of the cellular component), without evidence of a significant myeloblastic cell population present. -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Erythremic Myelosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia M6b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Di Guglielmo Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Di Guglielmo's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erythremic Myelosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M6b","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pure Erythroid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C34774":{"preferredName":"Chronic Monocytic Leukemia","code":"C34774","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3519":{"preferredName":"Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Negative","code":"C3519","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the principal involvement of the neutrophil series with leukocytosis and multilineage dysplasia. The neoplastic cells do not have a Philadelphia chromosome or the BCR/ABL fusion gene. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical CML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Negative","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Negative","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Negative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subacute Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subacute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subacute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aCML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4563":{"preferredName":"Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C4563","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which too many eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) are found in the bone marrow, blood, and other tissues. Chronic eosinophilic leukemia may stay the same for many years, or it may progress quickly to acute leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by a clonal proliferation of eosinophilic precursors resulting in persistently increased numbers of eosinophils in the blood, marrow and peripheral tissues. Since acute eosinophilic leukemia is at best exceedingly rare, the term eosinophilic leukemia is normally used as a synonym for chronic eosinophilic leukemia. In cases in which it is impossible to prove clonality and there is no increase in blast cells, the diagnosis of \"idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome\" is preferred. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEL/Hypereosinophilic syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic eosinophilic leukemia/hypereosinophilic syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Eosinophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chronic eosinophilic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4861":{"preferredName":"Acute Monocytic Leukemia","code":"C4861","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells, originating from immature monocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia in which the majority of monocytic cells are promonocytes. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Monocytic Leukemia (FAB M5b)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Monocytic Leukemia (Fab M5B)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, MONOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C82433":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated CEBPA","code":"C82433","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with mutation of the CEBPA gene. It is usually associated with normal karyotype, and most cases meet the criteria for AML with or without maturation. It is seen in 5-8% of children with AML.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia with non-germline mutations of the CEBPA gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with Mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AML with Mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Non-Germline Mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Familial Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C82431":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated NPM1","code":"C82431","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with mutation of the nucleophosmin gene. It is usually associated with normal karyotype. It is seen in 8% of children with AML.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia with mutation of the nucleophosmin gene. It is usually associated with normal karyotype and frequently has myelomonocytic or monocytic features. It usually responds to induction therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with Mutated NPM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AML with Mutated NPM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Cytoplasmic Nucleophosmin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated NPM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated NPM1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated NPM1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"NPMc+ AML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3174":{"preferredName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive","code":"C3174","definitions":[{"description":"A slowly progressing disease in which too many white blood cells are made in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the expression of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. It presents with neutrophilic leukocytosis. It can appear at any age, but it mostly affects middle aged and older individuals. Patients usually present with fatigue, weight loss, anemia, night sweats, and splenomegaly. If untreated, it follows a biphasic or triphasic natural course; an initial indolent chronic phase which is followed by an accelerated phase, a blast phase, or both. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation and tyrosine kinase inhibitors delay disease progression and prolong overall survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCR-ABL Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CML","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CML - Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemias","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoeitic - Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia (CML)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chronic granulocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"chronic myelogenous leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"chronic myeloid leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C82423":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(6;9) (p23;q34.1); DEK-NUP214","code":"C82423","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia associated with t(6;9)(p23;q34), resulting in DEK-NUP214(CAN) fusion protein expression. It is often associated with multilineage dysplasia and basophilia. It is rare in children.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia associated with t(6;9)(p23;q34.1) resulting in DEK-NUP214(CAN) fusion protein expression. It is often associated with multilineage dysplasia and basophilia. It affects both children and adults and it usually has an unfavorable clinical outcome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with t(6;9)(p23;q34); DEK-NUP214","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(6;9) (p23;q34.1); DEK-NUP214","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(6;9)(p23;q34); DEK-NUP214","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(6;9)(p23;q34); DEK-NUP214","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C3182":{"preferredName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with PML-RARA","code":"C3182","definitions":[{"description":"Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a distinct subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and it is treated differently than other types of AML because of its marked sensitivity to differentiating effects of all trans-retinoic acid. APL is characterized by a severe coagulopathy which may be present at diagnosis. APL occurs in 7 % of children with AML.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of acute myeloid leukemia in which there are too many immature blood-forming cells in the blood and bone marrow. It is usually marked by an exchange of parts of chromosomes 15 and 17.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in which abnormal promyelocytes predominate. It is characterized by the PML-RARA fusion. There are two variants: the typical and microgranular variant. This AML is particularly sensitive to treatment with all trans-retinoic acid and has a favorable prognosis. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with t(15;17)(q22;q12)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"APL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"APML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"APML - Acute promyelocytic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with PML-RARA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with t(15;17)(q22;q12); PML-RARA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with t(15;17)(q22;q12); PML-RARA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with t(15;17)(q22;q12); PML/RARA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute promyelocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"FAB M3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Promyelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acute promyelocytic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"promyelocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7463":{"preferredName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia","code":"C7463","definitions":[{"description":"An acute leukemia characterized by the proliferation of both neutrophil and monocyte precursors. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute leukemia characterized by the proliferation of both neutrophil and monocyte precursors. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute M4 Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia (FAB Type M4)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3164":{"preferredName":"Acute Basophilic Leukemia","code":"C3164","definitions":[{"description":"A rare acute myeloid leukemia in which the immature cells differentiate towards basophils.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare acute myeloid leukemia in which the immature cells differentiate towards basophils.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Basophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Basophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Basophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Basophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukemia Basophilic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9287":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22); CBFB-MYH11","code":"C9287","definitions":[{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemia characterized by the presence of abnormal bone marrow eosinophils and the characteristic cytogenetic abnormality inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22), which results in the expression of the fusion protein CBFB-MYH11. This is seen in 7-9% of children with AML.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia with monocytic and granulocytic differentiation and the presence of a characteristically abnormal eosinophil component in the bone marrow. This type of acute myeloid leukemia has a favorable prognosis. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22); CBFB-MYH11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Abnormal Marrow Eosinophils","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22); CBFB-MYH11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22); CBFB-MYH11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia, CBF-beta/MYH11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia, CBFB-MYH11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9020":{"preferredName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia with Abnormal Eosinophils","code":"C9020","definitions":[{"description":"Acute myelomonocytic leukemia characterized by the presence of abnormal bone marrow eosinophils. It is associated with inv(16)(p13.1;q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22). It has a favorable prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMML Eo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia with Abnormal Eosinophils","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAB M4Eo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8460":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","code":"C8460","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in which the blasts do not show evidence of myeloid differentiation by morphology and conventional cytochemistry. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in which the blasts do not show evidence of myeloid differentiation by morphology and conventional cytochemistry. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia, Minimally Differentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelocytic Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelogenous Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation (MO)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Minimally Differentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Acute Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Acute Granulocytic Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Acute Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3249":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation","code":"C3249","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by blasts without evidence of significant maturation in the neutrophilic lineage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by blasts without evidence of maturation to more mature neutrophils. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Granulocytic Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute M1 Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelocytic Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelogenous Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation (FAB M1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAB M1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Granulocytic Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Myelocytic Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3250":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation","code":"C3250","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by blasts with evidence of significant maturation in the neutrophilic lineage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by blasts with evidence of maturation to more mature neutrophils. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute M2 Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelocytic Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelogenous Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML-M2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"FAB M2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Myelocytic Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9128":{"preferredName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive, BCR-ABL1 Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","code":"C9128","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic myelogenous leukemia characterised by the t(9;22)(q34;q11) chromosomal translocation, resulting in the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome and the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CML - Philadelphia chromosome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Chronic Myeloid Leukemia t(9;22) (q34;q11), BCR/ABL Positive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic myelogenous leukemia, Philadelphia chromosome positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Ph' Chromosome Positive Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ph' Chromosome Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ph' Chromosome Positive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ph' Positive Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ph1 Chromosome Positive Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ph1 Chromosome Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ph1 Chromosome Positive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ph1 Positive Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive CML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive, BCR-ABL1 Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive, BCR-ABL1 Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3176":{"preferredName":"Philadelphia-Negative Myelogenous Leukemia","code":"C3176","definitions":[{"description":"Myelogenous leukemia that is negative for Philadelphia chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Philadelphia-Negative Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7318":{"preferredName":"Acute Monoblastic and Monocytic Leukemia","code":"C7318","definitions":[{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage, including monoblasts, promonocytes, and monocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage, including monoblasts, promonocytes, and monocytes. Bleeding disorders are common presenting features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic Leukemia and Acute Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic and Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic and Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic and Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia M5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7171":{"preferredName":"Acute Monoblastic Leukemia","code":"C7171","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia in which the monoblasts represent 80% or more of the total cellular population. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic Leukemia (FAB M5a)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7600":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes","code":"C7600","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia with at least 20% blasts in the bone marrow or blood and one of the following: a previous history of myelodysplastic syndrome; multilineage dysplasia; or myelodysplastic syndrome-related cytogenetic abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia with at least 20% blasts in the bone marrow or blood, and either a previous history of myelodysplastic syndrome, multilineage dysplasia or myelodysplastic syndrome-related cytogenetic abnormalities. There is no history of prior cytotoxic therapy for an unrelated disorder, and there is absence of the cytogenetic abnormalities that are present in acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AML with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C9289":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia","code":"C9289","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia arising de novo and not as a result of treatment. It is characterized by the presence of myelodysplastic features in at least 50% of the cells of at least two hematopoietic cell lines. Patients often present with severe cytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"De novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4037":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising from Previous Myelodysplastic Syndrome","code":"C4037","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia developing in patients with a prior history of myelodysplastic syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML/MDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Arising from Previous Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising from Previous Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising from Previous Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia following Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9288":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21); (q22; q22.1); RUNX1-RUNX1T1","code":"C9288","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) associated with t(8;21)(q22;q22) resulting in RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion protein expression. This is seen in 12% of children with AML.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21)(q22; q22.1) giving rise to RUNX1/RUNX1T1 fusion transcript and showing maturation in the neutrophil lineage. The bone marrow and the peripheral blood show large myeloblasts with abundant basophilic cytoplasm, often containing azurophilic granules. This type of AML is associated with good response to chemotherapy and high complete remission rate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22); RUNX1-RUNX1T1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22)(AML1(CBFa)/ETO)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22); RUNX1-RUNX1T1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22); RUNX1-RUNX1T1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21); (q22; q22.1); RUNX1-RUNX1T1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C82403":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3); MLLT3-KMT2A","code":"C82403","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia associated with t(9;11)(p22;q23) and MLLT3 (AF9)-MLL fusion protein expression. t(9;11) occurs in 10% of children with AML.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia associated with t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3) and MLLT3-KMT2A fusion protein expression. Morphologically it usually has monocytic features. It may present at any age but it is more commonly seen in children. Patients may present with disseminated intravascular coagulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with t(9;11)(p22;q23); MLLT3-MLL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with 11q23 (MLL) Abnormalities","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with 11q23 Abnormalities","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with MLL Abnormalities","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3); MLLT3-KMT2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(9;11)(p22.3;q23.3); MLLT3-KMT2A","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(9;11)(p22;q23); MLLT3-MLL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C82339":{"preferredName":"Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis Associated with Down Syndrome","code":"C82339","definitions":[{"description":"A myeloid proliferation occurring in newborns with Down syndrome. It is clinically and morphologically indistinguishable from acute myeloid leukemia and is associated with GATA1 mutations. The blasts display morphologic and immunophenotypic features of megakaryocytic lineage. In the majority of patients, the myeloid proliferation undergoes spontaneous remission.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A myeloid proliferation occurring in newborns with Down syndrome. It is clinically and morphologically indistinguishable from acute myeloid leukemia and is associated with GATA1 mutations. The blasts display morphologic and immunophenotypic features of megakaryocytic lineage. In the majority of patients the myeloid proliferation undergoes spontaneous remission.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TAM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis Associated with Down Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transient Myeloproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transient Myeloproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C43223":{"preferredName":"Myeloid Leukemia Associated with Down Syndrome","code":"C43223","definitions":[{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemia occurring in children with Down syndrome. During the first 3 years of life, it is usually the megakaryoblastic subtype, and is associated with GATA1 gene mutation. After age 4 this is no longer the case.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome occurring in children with Down syndrome. The acute myeloid leukemia is usually an acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, and is associated with GATA1 gene mutation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML Occurring in Children with Down Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Occurring in Children with Down syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with GATA1 Mutations","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Myeloid Leukemia Associated with Down Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3170":{"preferredName":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia","code":"C3170","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells, originating from immature megakaryocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia in which at least 50% of the blasts are of megakaryocytic lineage. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia in which at least 50% of the blasts are of megakaryocytic lineage. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMKL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute M7 Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acute M7 Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia (FAB Type M7)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia (Fab Type M7)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAB M7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fab M7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, MEGAKARYOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C82427":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13.3;q13.1); RBM15-MKL1","code":"C82427","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia typically showing megakaryocytic maturation and associated with t(1;22)(p13;q13), resulting in the expression of RBM15-MKL1 fusion protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia associated with t(1;22)(p13.3;q13.1) resulting in the expression of RBM15-MKL1 fusion protein. It affects infants and children and usually shows megakaryocytic maturation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML (Megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13;q13); RBM15-MKL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13.3;q13.1); RBM15-MKL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13;q13); RBM15-MKL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13;q13); RBM15-MKL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C27912":{"preferredName":"Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasm","code":"C27912","definitions":[{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes, and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms arising as a result of the mutagenic effect of chemotherapy agents and/or radiation that are used for the treatment of neoplastic or non-neoplastic disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes, and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms arising as a result of the mutagenic effect of chemotherapy agents and/or radiation that are used for the treatment of neoplastic or non-neoplastic disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukaemias and Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Therapy-Related","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related AML and MDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C27754":{"preferredName":"Alkylating Agent-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","code":"C27754","definitions":[{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemia occurring as late complication of prior therapy with alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alkylating Agent Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alkylating Agent-Related AML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alkylating Agent-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alkylating Agent-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8252":{"preferredName":"Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","code":"C8252","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia arising as a result of the mutagenic effect of chemotherapy agents and/or ionizing radiation. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment Related AML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment Related Acute Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment Related Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment related AML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Treatment related acute myeloid leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Treatment-Related AML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment-Related Acute Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment-Related Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment-related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"t-AML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3520":{"preferredName":"Myeloid Sarcoma","code":"C3520","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of myeloblasts or immature myeloid cells. It occurs in extramedullary sites or the bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant, green-colored tumor of myeloid cells (a type of immature white blood cell). This tumor is usually associated with myelogenous leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tumor mass composed of myeloblasts or immature myeloid cells. It occurs in extramedullary sites or the bone. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A tumor mass composed of myeloblasts or immature myeloid cells. It occurs in extramedullary sites or the bone. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chloroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chloroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extramedullary Myeloid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Extramedullary Myeloid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Myeloid Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"SARCOMA, MYELOID, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"chloroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C35815":{"preferredName":"Granulocytic Sarcoma","code":"C35815","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of myeloblasts, neutrophils and neutrophil precursors.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant, green-colored tumor of myeloid cells (a type of immature white blood cell). This tumor is usually associated with myelogenous leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tumor mass composed of myeloblasts, neutrophils and neutrophil precursors. Granulocytic sarcoma is the most common type of myeloid sarcoma. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Granulocytic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARCOMA, GRANULOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"granulocytic sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4344":{"preferredName":"Acute Panmyelosis with Myelofibrosis","code":"C4344","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia characterized by bone marrow fibrosis without preexisting primary myelofibrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APMF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute (Malignant) Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute (Malignant) Myelosclerosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelosclerosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Panmyelosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Panmyelosis with Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Panmyelosis with Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7402":{"preferredName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia","code":"C7402","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of leukemia in which abnormal B-lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) are present in the bone marrow, spleen, and peripheral blood. When viewed under a microscope, these cells appear to be covered with tiny hair-like projections.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neoplasm of small B-lymphocytes with \"hairy\" projections in bone marrow, spleen, and peripheral blood. Most patients present with splenomegaly and pancytopenia. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hairy cell leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Leukemic Reticuloendotheliosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hairy cell leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3178":{"preferredName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia","code":"C3178","definitions":[{"description":"A slowly progressing type of myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disease in which too many myelomonocytes (a type of white blood cell) are in the bone marrow, crowding out other normal blood cells, such as other white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm which is characterized by persistent monocytosis, absence of a Philadelphia chromosome and BCR/ABL fusion gene, fewer than 20 percent blasts in the bone marrow and blood, myelodysplasia, and absence of PDGFRA or PDGFRB rearrangement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CMML","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CMML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"chronic myelomonocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C9233":{"preferredName":"Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia","code":"C9233","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm of childhood that is principally characterized by proliferation of the granulocytic and monocytic lineages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare form of childhood leukemia in which cancer cells often spread into tissues such as the skin, lung, and intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm of childhood that is characterized by proliferation principally of the granulocytic and monocytic lineages. Myelomonocytic proliferation is seen in the bone marrow and the blood. The leukemic cells may infiltrate any tissue, however liver, spleen, lymph nodes, skin, and respiratory tract are the most common sites of involvement. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"JCML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JMML","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"JMML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JMML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Juvenile Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Chronic Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C8647":{"preferredName":"Aggressive NK-Cell Leukemia","code":"C8647","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, highly aggressive, Epstein-Barr virus-associated leukemia, also known as aggressive NK-cell leukemia/lymphoma; it may represent the leukemic counterpart of nasal type extranodal NK/T-cell lymphomas. It affects primarily teenagers and young adults. It is characterized by the systemic proliferation of NK cells in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, liver, and spleen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aggressive NK-Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aggressive NK-Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aggressive NK-Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aggressive NK-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK-Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Natural Killer Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3336":{"preferredName":"Polycythemia Vera","code":"C3336","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which there are too many red blood cells in the bone marrow and blood, causing the blood to thicken. The number of white blood cells and platelets may also increase. The extra blood cells may collect in the spleen and cause it to become enlarged. They may also cause bleeding problems and make clots form in blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by an increased red blood cell production. The bone marrow is hypercellular due to a panmyelotic proliferation typically characterized by pleomorphic megakaryocytes. The major symptoms are related to hypertension, splenomegaly or to episodes of thrombosis and/or hemorrhage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polycythemia Rubra Vera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polycythemia Vera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polycythemia Vera","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polycythemia Vera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polycythemia Vera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Polycythemia vera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"polycythemia vera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C2862":{"preferredName":"Primary Myelofibrosis","code":"C2862","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, chronic disease in which the bone marrow is replaced by fibrous tissue and blood is made in organs such as the liver and the spleen, instead of in the bone marrow. This disease is marked by an enlarged spleen and progressive anemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by bone marrow fibrosis, proliferation of atypical megakaryocytes and granulocytes in the bone marrow, anemia, splenomegaly, and extramedullary hematopoiesis. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CIMF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Idiopathic Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Bone Marrow Fibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelosclerosis with Myeloid Metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Primary Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"agnogenic myeloid metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"idiopathic myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"myelosclerosis with myeloid metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3407":{"preferredName":"Essential Thrombocythemia","code":"C3407","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic condition that involves primarily the megakaryocytic lineage. It is characterized by sustained thrombocytosis in the blood, increased numbers of large, mature megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, and elevated risk for thrombosis and/or hemorrhage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An increased number of thrombocytes (platelets) in the blood, without a known cause.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm that involves primarily the megakaryocytic lineage. It is characterized by sustained thrombocytosis in the blood, increased numbers of large, mature megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, and episodes of thrombosis and/or hemorrhage. (WHO, 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocytemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocythemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocythemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocythemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocythemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Essential thrombocythemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Thrombocythemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Thrombocythemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Thrombocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"essential thrombocythemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"essential thrombocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C3179":{"preferredName":"Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia","code":"C3179","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which too many neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) are found in the blood. The extra neutrophils may cause the spleen and liver to become enlarged. Chronic neutrophilic leukemia may stay the same for many years or it may progress quickly to acute leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by neutrophilic leukocytosis. There is no detectable Philadelphia chromosome or BCR/ABL fusion gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neutrophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chronic neutrophilic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C27038":{"preferredName":"Hypereosinophilic Syndrome","code":"C27038","definitions":[{"description":"A syndrome characterized by persistent eosinophilia, for which no underlying cause can be found, and which is associated with signs of organ involvement and dysfunction. This term has often been applied to cases of chronic eosinophilic leukemia. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypereosinophilic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypereosinophilic Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hypereosinophilic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C84275":{"preferredName":"Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with PDGFRA Rearrangement","code":"C84275","definitions":[{"description":"Hematologic neoplasms characterized by the rearrangement of the PDGFRA gene, most often resulting in the formation of FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion transcripts. Patients usually present with chronic eosinophilic leukemia, and less often with acute myeloid leukemia or T-lymphoblastic leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myeloid and Lymphoid Neoplasms with PDGFRA Rearrangement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with PDGFRA Rearrangement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C84276":{"preferredName":"Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with PDGFRB Rearrangement","code":"C84276","definitions":[{"description":"Myeloid and rarely lymphoid neoplasms characterized by the rearrangement of the PDGFRB gene, most often resulting in the formation of ETV6-PDGFRB fusion transcripts. Patients usually present with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and less often with atypical chronic myeloid leukemia, or chronic eosinophilic leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myeloid Neoplasms with PDGFRB Rearrangement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid and Lymphoid Neoplasms with PDGFRB Rearrangement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with PDGFRB Rearrangement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9308":{"preferredName":"Lymphoproliferative Disorder","code":"C9308","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which cells of the lymphatic system grow excessively. Lymphoproliferative disorders are often treated like cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by proliferation of lymphocytes at various stages of differentiation. Lymphoproliferative disorders can be neoplastic (clonal, as in lymphomas and leukemias) or reactive (polyclonal, as in infectious mononucleosis).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphoproliferative disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4727":{"preferredName":"Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder","code":"C4727","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which a group of B-cells grow out of control after an organ transplant in patients with weakened immune systems. This usually happens if the patient has also been infected with Epstein-Barr virus. Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder may progress to non-Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Abnormal proliferation of B lymphocytes as a complication of immunosuppression occurring after solid organ or allogenic stem cell transplantation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a polyclonal (benign) or clonal (malignant) proliferation of lymphoid cells that develops as a consequence of immunosuppression in a recipient of a solid organ or bone marrow allograft. PTLDs comprise a spectrum ranging from early, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven polyclonal lymphoid proliferations to EBV-positive or EBV- negative lymphomas of predominantly B-cell or less often T-cell type. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PTLD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PTLD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C7183":{"preferredName":"Polymorphic Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder","code":"C7183","definitions":[{"description":"A clonal B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder arising as a result of post-transplant immunosuppression therapy. It is characterized by destructive infiltration of lymph nodes and extranodal sites by a polymorphic B-cell infiltrate composed of small and medium sized lymphocytes, immunoblasts, and plasma cells. In some cases, reduction of the immunosuppression therapy may lead to regression of the lesions. In other cases the lesions may progress to lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polymorphic B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymorphic PTLD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymorphic Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymorphic Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27780":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Unclassifiable","code":"C27780","definitions":[{"description":"This entity includes cases that have clinical, laboratory, and morphologic features that support the diagnosis of both a myelodysplastic syndrome and a myeloproliferative neoplasm, but do not meet the criteria for any of the other entities included in the myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm category. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDS/MPD, U","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDS/MPD-U","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDS/MPN, U","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDS/MPN-U","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Disease, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Myeloproliferative/Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Disease, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unclassifiable Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unclassifiable Myeloproliferative/Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C2872":{"preferredName":"Refractory Anemia","code":"C2872","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized mainly by dysplasia of the erythroid series. Refractory anemia is uncommon. It is primarily a disease of older adults. The median survival exceeds 5 years. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aregenerative Anemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4036":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Ring Sideroblasts","code":"C4036","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by an anemia in which 15% or more of the erythroid precursors are ring sideroblasts. The ring sideroblast is an erythroid precursor in which one third or more of the nucleus is encircled by granules which are positive for iron stain. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDS-RS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Ring Sideroblasts","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Ring Sideroblasts","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pure Sideroblastic Anemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RARS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with Ring Sideroblasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with Ringed Sideroblasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C82616":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm with Ring Sideroblasts and Thrombocytosis","code":"C82616","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm with morphologic and clinical characteristics of refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts, marked thrombocytosis, and abnormal megakaryocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Essential Thrombocythemia with Ring Sideroblasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDS/MPN with Ring Sideroblasts and Thrombocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDS/MPN-RS-T","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm with Ring Sideroblasts and Thrombocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RARS-T","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with Ring Sideroblasts Associated with Marked Thrombocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7506":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts","code":"C7506","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by the presence of 5-19% myeloblasts in the bone marrow or 2-19% blasts in the peripheral blood. It includes two categories: myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts-1 and myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts-2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDS-EB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAEB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with an Excess of Blasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27080":{"preferredName":"Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts in Transformation","code":"C27080","definitions":[{"description":"Refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-T) is characterised by dysplastic features of the myeloid and usually erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow and an increased number of myeloblasts in the peripheral blood. The peripheral blood blast count ranges from 20% to 30%. RAEB-T used to be a subcategory of myelodysplastic syndromes in the past. Recently, the term has been eliminated from the WHO based classification of myelodysplastic syndromes. The reason is that the percentage of peripheral blood blasts required for the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia has been reduced to 20%. The elimination of the RAEB-T term by the WHO experts has created confusion and ongoing arguments. Currently, according to WHO classification, the vast majority of RAEB-T cases are best classified as acute leukemias (acute leukemias with multilineage dysplasia following myelodysplastic syndrome). A minority of cases are part of RAEB-2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RAEB-T","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts in Transformation","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts in Transformation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}]}}{"C8574":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Multilineage Dysplasia","code":"C8574","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by bi-cytopenia or pancytopenia and dysplastic changes in 10% or more of the cells in two or more of the myeloid cell lines. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDS-MLD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RCMD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Cytopenia with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C82596":{"preferredName":"Refractory Cytopenia of Childhood","code":"C82596","definitions":[{"description":"The most common subtype of the myelodysplastic syndromes affecting children. It is characterized by persistent cytopenia with less than 5% blasts in the bone marrow and less than 2% blasts in the peripheral blood. Most cases are associated with a normal karyotype, however, when abnormal, monosomy 7 is the most frequently seen cytogenetic abnormality.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The most common subtype of the myelodysplastic syndromes affecting children. It is characterized by persistent cytopenia with less than 5% blasts in the bone marrow and less than 2% blasts in the peripheral blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RCC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Refractory Cytopenia of Childhood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Cytopenia of Childhood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C6867":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Isolated del(5q)","code":"C6867","definitions":[{"description":"A rare disorder caused by loss of part of the long arm (Q arm) of human chromosome 5. This syndrome affects myeloid (bone marrow) cells, causing treatment-resistant anemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes that may lead to acute myelogenous leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by a deletion between bands q31 and 33 on chromosome 5. The number of blasts in the bone marrow and blood is <5%. The bone marrow is usually hypercellular or normocellular with increased number of often hypolobated megakaryocytes. The peripheral blood shows macrocytic anemia. This syndrome occurs predominantly but not exclusively in middle age to older women. The prognosis is good and transformation to acute leukemia is rare. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5Q minus syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"5Q- syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"5q- Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome Associated with Isolated del (5q) Chromosome Abnormality","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with 5q Deletion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Isolated del(5q)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Isolated del(5q)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Isolated del(5q)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27722":{"preferredName":"Therapy-Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","code":"C27722","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome caused by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Therapy Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related MDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"t-MDS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7643":{"preferredName":"Alkylating Agent-Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","code":"C7643","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder seen following cancer chemotherapy. It is the most common cause of therapy-related myelodysplastic syndromes. It typically manifests several years after initiation of single or multi-agent chemotherapy with alkylators. Mutagenic potential of alkylating agents is believed to be age and cumulative dose-dependent. Deletions in chromosomes 5 and 7 are associated with susceptibility to this disorder. Clinical signs may include fatigue, dyspnea, bruising and frequent infections. Clinical course may progress to bone marrow failure or acute myeloid leukemia that is refractory to treatment. Prognosis is dismal with survivability usually less than one year.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alkylating Agent Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alkylating Agent-Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7642":{"preferredName":"Epipodophyllotoxin-Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","code":"C7642","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder seen following cancer chemotherapy. It typically manifests a few years after initiation of epipodophyllotoxin chemotherapy. Mutagenic potential of these non-intercalating DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors is believed to be increased with concurrent use of asparaginase or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Balanced translocations involving chromosomal bands 11q23 and 21q22 are commonly associated with this disorder. Clinical signs may include fatigue, dyspnea, bruising and frequent infections. Clinical course usually progresses to acute myeloid leukemia though most epipodophyllotoxin-related leukemias do not have an antecedent myelodysplastic phase. Prognosis is dismal with survivability usually less than one year.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epipodophyllotoxin Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epipodophyllotoxin-Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8648":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Unclassifiable","code":"C8648","definitions":[{"description":"A subtype of myelodysplastic syndrome which initially lacks findings appropriate for classification into any other myelodysplastic category. There are no specific morphologic findings. The diagnosis can be made in the following instances: 1. in cases of refractory cytopenia with unilineage dysplasia or refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia but with 1% blasts in the peripheral blood; 2: in cases of myelodysplastic syndrome with unilineage dysplasia which are associated with pancytopenia; 3: in cases with persistent cytopenia (s) with 1% or fewer blasts in the blood and fewer than 5% in the bone marrow, unequivocal dysplasia in less than 10% of the cells in one or more myeloid lineages, and cytogenetic abnormalities considered as presumptive evidence of myelodysplastic syndrome. (WHO, 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDS, U","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDS-U","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unclassifiable MDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unclassifiable Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C82593":{"preferredName":"Refractory Neutropenia","code":"C82593","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by the presence of at least 10% dysplastic neutrophils in the bone marrow or the peripheral blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Neutropenia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C82594":{"preferredName":"Refractory Thrombocytopenia","code":"C82594","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by the presence of at least 10% dysplastic megakaryocytes, found within at least 30 megakaryocytes examined in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Thrombocytopenia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45716":{"preferredName":"NUT Carcinoma","code":"C45716","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, highly aggressive and lethal carcinoma that affects children and young adults. It arises from midline epithelial structures, most commonly the head, neck, and mediastinum. It is a poorly differentiated carcinoma and is characterized by mutations and rearrangement of the NUT gene. A balanced translocation t(15;19) is present that results in the creation of a fusion gene involving the NUT gene, most commonly BRD4-NUT fusion gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma with t(15;19)(q13;p13.1) Translocation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Midline Carcinoma of Children and Young Adults with NUT Rearrangement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUT Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUT Midline Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27683":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-Related Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27683","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-Related Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papilloma Virus Related Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papilloma Virus-Related Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-Related Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C136716":{"preferredName":"Lung Non-Mucinous Adenocarcinoma In Situ","code":"C136716","definitions":[{"description":"Lung adenocarcinoma in situ characterized by the presence of type II pneumocyte and/or Clara cell differentiation. Almost all cases of lung adenocarcinoma in situ are non-mucinous.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung Non-Mucinous Adenocarcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C51302":{"preferredName":"Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer","code":"C51302","definitions":[{"description":"A rare inherited disorder that increases the risk of developing benign (not cancer) tumors of the skin and the uterus (leiomyomas) and malignant (cancer) tumors of the uterus (leiomyosarcoma) and the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant inherited syndrome caused by germline mutations in the FH gene. It is characterized by predisposition to leiomyomas of the skin and uterus, renal cell carcinoma, and leiomyosarcoma of the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HLRCC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HLRCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C156122":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma, Encapsulated Angioinvasive","code":"C156122","definitions":[{"description":"An encapsulated follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland which shows angioinvasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FTC, Encapsulated Angioinvasive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma, Encapsulated Angioinvasive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C126598":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Noninvasive Follicular Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features","code":"C126598","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant thyroid tumor arising from follicular cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A non-invasive neoplasm of thyroid follicular cells with a follicular growth pattern and nuclear features of papillary thyroid carcinoma that has an extremely low malignant potential. These tumors were formerly classified as non-invasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma or well-differentiated tumor of uncertain malignant potential. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"NIEFVPTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIFTP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noninvasive Encapsulated Follicular Variant Papillary Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noninvasive Encapsulated Follicular Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Gland Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Noninvasive Follicular Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Noninvasive Follicular Tumor with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4654":{"preferredName":"Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia","code":"C4654","definitions":[{"description":"An endometrial hyperplasia characterized by cytologic and architectural changes which may lead to endometrial carcinoma. Despite the atypical features and possible course, there is debate on whether to consider this a neoplasm. The relationship with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia is also unclear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Hyperplasia of Endometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Hyperplasia of the Endometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Hyperplasia with Atypia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C126449":{"preferredName":"Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma","code":"C126449","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive serous carcinoma arising from the fallopian tube.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"STIC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C122585":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Serous Tumor-Micropapillary Variant/Non-Invasive Low Grade Ovarian Serous Carcinoma","code":"C122585","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive serous neoplasm that arises from the ovary and shows micropapillary and/or cribriform architectural patterns. It is composed of round epithelial cells with scant cytoplasm and moderate nuclear atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Serous Tumor-Micropapillary Variant/Non-Invasive Low Grade Ovarian Serous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7281":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Seromucinous Tumor/Atypical Proliferative Ovarian Seromucinous Tumor","code":"C7281","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade, non-invasive mixed epithelial proliferative neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is composed of more than one epithelial cell type, most often serous and endocervical-type mucinous.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Mixed Epithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Mixed Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Seromucinous Tumor/Atypical Proliferative Ovarian Seromucinous Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Ovarian Epithelial Neoplasm of Borderline Malignancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40090":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Seromucinous Carcinoma","code":"C40090","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant mixed epithelial neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is composed predominantly of serous and endocervical-type mucinous epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Mixed Epithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Mixed Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Epithelial Carcinoma of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Epithelial Carcinoma of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Mixed Epithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Seromucinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ovarian Seromucinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6870":{"preferredName":"Solid Papillary Breast Carcinoma","code":"C6870","definitions":[{"description":"A well circumscribed, low grade neoplasm that arises from the breast. It is characterized by the presence of sheets of malignant epithelial cells that are supported by fibrovascular structures. When there is an invasive component present, it is usually a mucinous carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Solid Papillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solid Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C137839":{"preferredName":"Pleomorphic Lobular Breast Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C137839","definitions":[{"description":"A recently described aggressive subtype of classic lobular breast carcinoma in situ. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic large cells with irregular nuclei and prominent single or multiple nucleoli.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Invasive Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLCIS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Lobular Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C121792":{"preferredName":"Malignant PEComa","code":"C121792","definitions":[{"description":"A usually large and aggressive tumor with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation characterized by the presence of marked nuclear atypia, pleomorphism, increased mitotic activity, necrosis, and infiltrative margins. The most common metastatic sites are liver, lungs, lymph nodes, and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant PEComa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant PEComa, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant PEComa, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49025":{"preferredName":"Myxoinflammatory Fibroblastic Sarcoma","code":"C49025","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade, locally aggressive, fibroblastic neoplasm that occurs primarily in the distal extremities. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts, multivacuolated lipoblast-like cells, bizarre ganglion-like cells with inclusion-like nuclei, myxoid stroma formation, and a mixture of acute and chronic inflammatory cells. Distant metastases are very rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acral Myxoinflammatory Fibroblastic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Myxoinflammatory Fibroblastic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Myxohyaline Tumor of the Distal Extremities with Virocyte/Reed-Sternberg-Like Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Myxoid Tumor of the Soft Parts with Bizarre Giant Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoinflammatory Fibroblastic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129528":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 2","code":"C129528","definitions":[{"description":"A solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma that arises from the central nervous system. It corresponds to the more cellular, less collagenous tumor with plump cells and staghorn vasculature which was diagnosed as central nervous system hemangiopericytoma in the past.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C142827":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Myxoid Sarcoma with EWSR1-CREB1 Translocation","code":"C142827","definitions":[{"description":"A sarcoma that arises from the lung. It is related to a bronchus and is often predominantly endobronchial. It is characterized by the proliferation of round and spindle cells within a myxoid stroma. It is associated with the presence of an EWSR1-CREB1 fusion gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Low-Grade Malignant Myxoid Endobronchial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Myxoid Sarcoma with EWSR1-CREB1 Translocation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45733":{"preferredName":"Malignant Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor with Associated Hematologic Malignancy","code":"C45733","definitions":[{"description":"An extragonadal non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the mediastinum and is associated with a hematologic malignancy. The hematologic malignancies are clonally related to the malignant germ cell tumor and include acute leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms, and mastocytosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor with Associated Hematologic Malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C53677":{"preferredName":"Intimal Sarcoma","code":"C53677","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the large blood vessels. It is characterized by the presence of tumor cells that grow within the lumen of the blood vessels. The intraluminal tumor growth may result in vascular obstruction and spread of tumor emboli to peripheral organs. The prognosis is usually poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intimal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129309":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3 K27M-Mutant","code":"C129309","definitions":[{"description":"A childhood diffuse midline glioma characterized by the presence of histone H3 K27M mutation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3 K27M-Mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129351":{"preferredName":"Ependymoma, RELA Fusion-Positive","code":"C129351","definitions":[{"description":"An ependymoma characterized by gene fusions involving RELA, a transcription factor involved in NK-kB pathway activity. It accounts for the majority of supratentorial ependymomas in children. It has an unfavorable outcome when compared to other ependymoma subtypes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ependymoma, RELA Fusion-Positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C39751":{"preferredName":"Glioblastoma, IDH-Mutant","code":"C39751","definitions":[{"description":"A glioblastoma arising from a lower grade astrocytoma. It is more commonly seen in younger patients and is associated with IDH1 or IDH2 gene mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glioblastoma, IDH-Mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secondary Glioblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secondary Glioblastoma Multiforme","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secondary Glioblastoma, IDH-Mutant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129499":{"preferredName":"Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C129499","definitions":[{"description":"A central nervous system embryonal neoplasm characterized by the presence of histological features consistent with embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes and absence of C19MC amplification.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12221":{"preferredName":"External Upper Lip","code":"C12221","definitions":[{"description":"The external surface of the upper lip. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The external surface of the upper lip.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"External Upper Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Upper Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LIP, UPPER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12222":{"preferredName":"External Lower Lip","code":"C12222","definitions":[{"description":"The external surface of the lower lip. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The external surface of the lower lip.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"External Lower Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Lower Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LIP, LOWER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12223":{"preferredName":"External Lip","code":"C12223","definitions":[{"description":"One of two visible fleshy folds that surround the orifice of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"External Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12224":{"preferredName":"Mucosa of the Upper Lip","code":"C12224","definitions":[{"description":"The lining of the superior fleshy fold bordering the mouth. It is comprised of the epithelium, basement membrane, lamina propria mucosae, and lamina muscularis mucosae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucosa of Upper Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosa of the Upper Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12225":{"preferredName":"Mucosa of the Lower Lip","code":"C12225","definitions":[{"description":"The lining of the inferior fleshy fold bordering the mouth. It is comprised of the epithelium, basement membrane, lamina propria mucosae, and lamina muscularis mucosae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucosa of Lower Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosa of the Lower Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12226":{"preferredName":"Mucosa of the Lip","code":"C12226","definitions":[{"description":"The lining of the fleshy folds surrounding the mouth. It is comprised of the epithelium, basement membrane, lamina propria mucosae, and lamina muscularis mucosae. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lining of the fleshy folds surrounding the mouth. It is comprised of the epithelium, basement membrane, lamina propria mucosae, and lamina muscularis mucosae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUCOSA OF THE LIP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucosa of Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosa of the Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Hair Bearing Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12227":{"preferredName":"Commissure of the Lip","code":"C12227","definitions":[{"description":"The junction of the upper and lower lips at the corner of the mouth. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The junction of the upper and lower lips at the corner of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Commissure of Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Commissure of the Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LABIAL JUNCTION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Labial Commissure (Mouth)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Labial Junction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32130":{"preferredName":"Apex of the Tongue","code":"C32130","definitions":[{"description":"The anterior extreme of the tongue which can be made pointed for sensing or probing and which rests against the lingual aspect of the incisor teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apex of Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apex of the Tongue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tip of Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tip of the Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32988":{"preferredName":"Lingual Tonsil","code":"C32988","definitions":[{"description":"A tonsil in the mucosa at the root of the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lymphoid follicles on the dorsal surface in the posterior region of the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lingual Tonsil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TONSIL, LINGUAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C54205":{"preferredName":"Upper Gingiva","code":"C54205","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Upper Gingiva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54204":{"preferredName":"Lower Gingiva","code":"C54204","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lower Gingiva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C94543":{"preferredName":"Tooth Socket","code":"C94543","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the bone cavities of the mandible or maxilla in which the roots of the teeth are anchored.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alveolus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dental Alveolus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tooth Socket","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54223":{"preferredName":"Retromolar Trigone","code":"C54223","definitions":[{"description":"The small area behind the wisdom teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A triangular-shaped area of mucosa located posterior the last mandibular molar tooth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retromolar Trigone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"retromolar trigone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33129":{"preferredName":"Minor Salivary Gland","code":"C33129","definitions":[{"description":"A small salivary gland located in the oral cavity. It produces saliva.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Minor Salivary Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33277":{"preferredName":"Parotid Duct","code":"C33277","definitions":[{"description":"A small, tubular passageway carrying saliva from the parotid gland to the oropharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Parotid Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stensen's Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12233":{"preferredName":"Submandibular Gland","code":"C12233","definitions":[{"description":"The salivary gland located adjacent to the mandible.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of a pair of major salivary glands located below the floor of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, SALIVARY, SUBMANDIBULAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gland, Salivary, Mandibular","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Submandibular Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Submandibular Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Submaxillary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Submaxillary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33649":{"preferredName":"Submandibular Duct","code":"C33649","definitions":[{"description":"A small, tubular passageway that transports saliva from the submandibular gland into the floor of the mouth, exiting adjacent to the lingual frenulum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Submandibular Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wharton's Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12234":{"preferredName":"Sublingual Salivary Gland","code":"C12234","definitions":[{"description":"The salivary gland located under the tongue in the floor of the oral cavity or adjacent to the submandibular salivary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A salivary gland located under the tongue in the floor of the oral cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, SALIVARY, SUBLINGUAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SALIVARY GLAND, SUBLINGUAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sublingual Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sublingual Salivary Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33250":{"preferredName":"Palatine Tonsil","code":"C33250","definitions":[{"description":"A tonsil in the mucosa of the glossopalatine arch of the oropharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Two masses of lymphatic tissue located one on either side of the oropharynx in the oropharyngeal isthmus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Palatine Tonsil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TONSIL, PALATINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12235":{"preferredName":"Tonsillar Fossa","code":"C12235","definitions":[{"description":"A triangular shaped space that lies on each side of the oropharynx and houses the palatine tonsils.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tonsillar Fossa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12236":{"preferredName":"Tonsillar Pillar","code":"C12236","definitions":[{"description":"The anterior and posterior borders of the tonsillar fossa. They are composed of muscle tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tonsillar Pillar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12237":{"preferredName":"Vallecula","code":"C12237","definitions":[{"description":"A groove between the base of the tongue and the epiglottis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vallecula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12238":{"preferredName":"Anterior Surface of the Epiglottis","code":"C12238","definitions":[{"description":"The lingual or upper surface of the epiglottis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anterior Surface of the Epiglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12239":{"preferredName":"Lateral Wall of the Oropharynx","code":"C12239","definitions":[{"description":"The aspect of the oropharyngeal wall that is located on the side.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lateral Wall of Oropharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lateral Wall of the Oropharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12240":{"preferredName":"Posterior Wall of the Oropharynx","code":"C12240","definitions":[{"description":"The dorsal portion of the oropharyngeal cavity that is formed by the muscular pharyngeal wall comprising the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictor muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Posterior Wall of Oropharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Posterior Wall of the Oropharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C104813":{"preferredName":"Branchial Cleft Remnant","code":"C104813","definitions":[{"description":"A congenital defect in the neck that occurs during early embryonic development. It is caused by developmental abnormalities of the pharyngeal arches and results in the development of a cyst or a fissure in the side of the neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Branchial Cleft","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Branchial Cleft Remnant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12242":{"preferredName":"Superior Wall of the Nasopharynx","code":"C12242","definitions":[{"description":"The roof of the nasopharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Superior Wall of Nasopharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superior Wall of the Nasopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12243":{"preferredName":"Posterior Wall of the Nasopharynx","code":"C12243","definitions":[{"description":"The dorsal portion of the nasopharyngeal cavity that contains the pharyngeal tonsil.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Posterior Wall of Nasopharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Posterior Wall of the Nasopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12244":{"preferredName":"Lateral Wall of the Nasopharynx","code":"C12244","definitions":[{"description":"The aspect of the nasopharyngeal wall that is located on the side. It contains the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lateral Wall of Nasopharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lateral Wall of the Nasopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12245":{"preferredName":"Anterior Wall of the Nasopharynx","code":"C12245","definitions":[{"description":"The anterior aspect of the nasopharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anterior Wall of Nasopharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anterior Wall of the Nasopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32856":{"preferredName":"Internal Nare","code":"C32856","definitions":[{"description":"The inner portion of the nostrils of the nose.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Internal Nare","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Internal Nare","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C54221":{"preferredName":"Postcricoid Region","code":"C54221","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the hypopharynx that is located posteriorly to the larynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lower Hypopharyngeal Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Postcricoid Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32147":{"preferredName":"Aryepiglottic Fold","code":"C32147","definitions":[{"description":"A membranous fold extending between the arytenoid cartilage and the epiglottis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aryepiglottic Fold","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aryteno-Epiglottic Fold","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12249":{"preferredName":"Posterior Wall of the Hypopharynx","code":"C12249","definitions":[{"description":"The region of the hypopharynx demarcated by a plane drawn at the level of the tip of the epiglottis to a plane at the inferior border of the cricoid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Posterior Wall of Hypopharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Posterior Wall of the Hypopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129817":{"preferredName":"Lateral Wall of the Pharynx","code":"C129817","definitions":[{"description":"The walls on either side of the swallowing passage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lateral Pharyngeal Wall","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lateral Wall of the Pharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129816":{"preferredName":"Wall of the Pharynx","code":"C129816","definitions":[{"description":"The walls of the swallowing passage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pharyngeal Wall","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wall of the Pharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54222":{"preferredName":"Posterior Wall of the Pharynx","code":"C54222","definitions":[{"description":"The dorsal portion of the fibromuscular tube that extends from the skull base to the lower border of the cricoid cartilage, and acts as a conduit for both the digestive and respiratory systems.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Posterior Pharyngeal Wall","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Posterior Wall of the Pharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C73468":{"preferredName":"Waldeyer's Tonsillar Ring","code":"C73468","definitions":[{"description":"The ring of lymphoid tissue located in the pharynx, consisting of the pharyngeal, tubal, palatine, and lingual tonsils. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The ring of lymphoid tissue located in the pharynx, consisting of the pharyngeal, tubal, palatine, and lingual tonsils.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"WALDEYER'S TONSILLAR RING","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Waldeyer's Ring","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Waldeyer's Tonsillar Ring","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Waldeyer's Tonsillar Ring","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12250":{"preferredName":"Cervical Esophagus","code":"C12250","definitions":[{"description":"Clinical esophageal segment composed of skeletal muscle. It corresponds to the superior part of the upper third topographic segment of the esophagus. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Clinical esophageal segment composed of skeletal muscle. It corresponds to the superior part of the upper third topographic segment of the esophagus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ESOPHAGUS, CERVICAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12251":{"preferredName":"Thoracic Esophagus","code":"C12251","definitions":[{"description":"Clinical esophageal segment composed of smooth muscle. It includes the middle third topographic segment, as well as parts of the upper and lower thirds. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Clinical esophageal segment composed of smooth muscle. It includes the middle third topographic segment, as well as parts of the upper and lower thirds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESOPHAGUS, THORACIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thoracic Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thoracic Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12252":{"preferredName":"Abdominal Esophagus","code":"C12252","definitions":[{"description":"Clinical esophageal segment composed of smooth muscle. It corresponds to the inferior part of the lower third topographic segment of the esophagus. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Clinical esophageal segment composed of smooth muscle. It corresponds to the inferior part of the lower third topographic segment of the esophagus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abdominal Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ESOPHAGUS, ABDOMINAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12258":{"preferredName":"Body of Stomach","code":"C12258","definitions":[{"description":"The main section of the digestive tube that connects the esophagus to the small intestine. The body proper excludes the upper and lower sections of the fundus and pyloric portion respectively. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The main section of the digestive tube that connects the esophagus to the small intestine. The body proper excludes the upper and lower sections of the fundus and pyloric portion respectively.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BODY OF STOMACH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Body of Stomach","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Body of Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12259":{"preferredName":"Antrum Pylori","code":"C12259","definitions":[{"description":"The initial part of the pyloric canal of the stomach. This site contains endocrine cells that produce gastrin and somatostatin. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The initial part of the pyloric canal of the stomach. This site contains endocrine cells that produce gastrin and somatostatin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANTRUM PYLORI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Antrum Pylori","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antrum Pylori","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antrum Pylori","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gastric Antrum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12261":{"preferredName":"Lesser Curvature of the Stomach","code":"C12261","definitions":[{"description":"not classifiable to C16.1 to C16.4","attr":null,"defSource":"ICDO3"},{"description":"The right border of the stomach. It is concave in shape and extends from the cardiac orifice to the pyloric orifice.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lesser Curvature of the Stomach","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12262":{"preferredName":"Greater Curvature of the Stomach","code":"C12262","definitions":[{"description":"The lateral and inferior border of the stomach. Attached to it is the greater omentum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"not classifiable to C16.0 to C16.4","attr":null,"defSource":"ICDO3"},{"description":"The lateral and inferior border of the stomach. Attached to it is the greater omentum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GREATER CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Greater Curvature","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Greater Curvature of the Stomach","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Greater Curvature of the Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12264":{"preferredName":"Meckel Diverticulum","code":"C12264","definitions":[{"description":"A congenital pouch in the distal ileum. It may cause painless rectal bleeding and bowel obstruction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Meckel Diverticulum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meckel's Diverticulum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Meckel's Diverticulum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103438":{"preferredName":"Rectosigmoid Colon","code":"C103438","definitions":[{"description":"A portion of the large intestine that includes the descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A portion of the large intestine that includes the descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COLON, RECTOSIGMOID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rectosigmoid Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12375":{"preferredName":"Anal Canal","code":"C12375","definitions":[{"description":"The terminal section of the alimentary canal, which extends from the anorectal junction and ends at the anal opening. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"excludes skin of anus and perianal skin C44.5","attr":null,"defSource":"ICDO3"},{"description":"The terminal section of the alimentary canal, which extends from the anorectal junction and ends at the anal opening.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANAL CANAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Anal Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Canal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32072":{"preferredName":"Anal Transitional Zone","code":"C32072","definitions":[{"description":"The middle segment of the anal canal between the colorectal and squamous zones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Transitional Zone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cloacogenic Zone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12677":{"preferredName":"Intrahepatic Bile Duct","code":"C12677","definitions":[{"description":"The bile ducts that pass through and drain bile from the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The bile ducts that pass through and drain bile from the liver. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The bile ducts which are located within the liver. They include the small interlobular bile ducts, intrahepatic large bile ducts, and the intrahepatic portions of the left and right hepatic ducts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INTRAHEPATIC BILE DUCT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intrahepatic Bile Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"intrahepatic bile duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32202":{"preferredName":"Bile Canaliculus","code":"C32202","definitions":[{"description":"A thin tube within the liver that collect bile secreted by hepatocytes. Many canaliculi come together to form bile ductules that ultimately form the common hepatic duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Canaliculus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32573":{"preferredName":"Extrahepatic Bile Duct","code":"C32573","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the common hepatic bile duct (tube that collects bile from the liver) that is outside the liver. This duct joins a duct from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct, which carries bile into the small intestine when food is being digested.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the biliary tract outside the liver; the common hepatic duct joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the biliary tract outside the liver; the common hepatic duct joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EXTRAHEPATIC BILE DUCT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Extrahepatic Bile Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"extrahepatic bile duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13065":{"preferredName":"Sphincter of Oddi","code":"C13065","definitions":[{"description":"The muscle fibres around the opening of the common bile duct (ductus choledochus) into the duodenum at the papilla of Vater.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glisson's Sphincter","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oddi's Sphincter","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sphincter of Oddi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32421":{"preferredName":"Cystic Duct","code":"C32421","definitions":[{"description":"A duct that conveys bile from the gallbladder to the common bile duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tube that carries bile from the gall bladder. It joins the common hepatic duct to form the common bile duct. It is part of the biliary duct system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A short duct attached to the gallbladder through which the bile from the gallbladder is secreted in the common bile duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystic Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUCT, CYSTIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"cystic duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12678":{"preferredName":"Biliary Tract","code":"C12678","definitions":[{"description":"The duct system that transports bile from its origination by hepatocytes in the liver to the small intestine. It is comprised of the common bile duct that connects the liver and gall bladder to the small intestine and the cystic duct that connects the gall bladder to the common bile duct. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The organs and ducts that make and store bile (a fluid made by the liver that helps digest fat), and release it into the small intestine. The biliary tract includes the gallbladder and bile ducts inside and outside the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The system that transports bile from the hepatocytes in the liver to the small intestine. It is comprised of the intrahepatic bile ducts, hepatic ducts, common bile duct, cystic duct, and the gallbladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BILIARY TRACT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bile Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary Tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tract, Biliary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"biliary system","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"biliary tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12269":{"preferredName":"Head of the Pancreas","code":"C12269","definitions":[{"description":"That portion of the pancreas lying in the concavity of the duodenum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"That portion of the pancreas lying in the concavity of the duodenum.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Head of Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Head of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Head of the Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Head of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PANCREAS, HEAD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pancreas Head","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Head","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12270":{"preferredName":"Body of the Pancreas","code":"C12270","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the pancreas from the point where it crosses the portal vein to the point where it enters the lienorenal ligament. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the pancreas from the point where it crosses the portal vein to the point where it enters the lienorenal ligament.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Body of Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Body of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Body of the Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Body of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PANCREAS, BODY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pancreas Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12271":{"preferredName":"Tail of the Pancreas","code":"C12271","definitions":[{"description":"The left extremity of the pancreas within the lienorenal ligament. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The left extremity of the pancreas within the lienorenal ligament.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PANCREAS, TAIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pancreas Tail","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Tail","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tail of Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tail of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tail of the Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tail of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12272":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Duct","code":"C12272","definitions":[{"description":"A duct that conveys pancreatic secretions from the pancreas to the duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Part of a system of ducts in the pancreas. Pancreatic juices containing enzymes are released into these ducts and flow into the small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A duct joining the pancreas to the common bile duct to supply pancreatic juices.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Canal of Wirsung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Main Pancreatic Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANCREATIC DUCT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pancreatic duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32487":{"preferredName":"Ductus Santorini","code":"C32487","definitions":[{"description":"An accessory pancreatic duct with two branches, one of which opens directly to the duodenum at the minor duodenal papilla while the other connects to the pancreatic duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Accessory Pancreatic Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductus Pancreaticus Accessorius","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductus Santorini","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12608":{"preferredName":"Islet of Langerhans","code":"C12608","definitions":[{"description":"The pancreatic tissue that contains the islets of Langerhans. It is responsible for the production and secretions of the pancreatic hormones. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The pancreatic tissue that contains the islets of Langerhans. It is responsible for the production and secretions of the pancreatic hormones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endocrine Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endocrine Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Pancreatic Islet Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Islands of Langerhans","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Islet Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Islet of Langerhans","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Islets of Langerhans","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Langerhans Islets","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANCREAS, ENDOCRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Islets","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pars Endocrina Pancreatis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12273":{"preferredName":"Other Specified Parts of Pancreas","code":"C12273","definitions":[{"description":"Any component associated with the pancreas that is different from the one(s) previously specified or mentioned.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other Specified Parts of Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33178":{"preferredName":"Nostril","code":"C33178","definitions":[{"description":"One of the two channels of the nose, from the point where they divide to the external opening. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the two channels of the nose, from the point where they divide to the external opening.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"External Nare","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOSTRIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nostril","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nostril","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C49593":{"preferredName":"Nasal Cartilage","code":"C49593","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the cartilaginous structures that provide structure and support to the nose.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nasal Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33160":{"preferredName":"Nasal Septum","code":"C33160","definitions":[{"description":"The thin wall between the two nasal cavities. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The thin wall between the two nasal cavities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NASAL SEPTUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nasal Septum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasal Septum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C49594":{"preferredName":"Nasal Turbinate","code":"C49594","definitions":[{"description":"The bone that protrudes into the nasal cavity from the skull, variably covered by respiratory, transitional or olfactory epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of three (Inferior, Middle, Superior) paired bony shelves located within the nasal cavity through which inhaled air is taken into the nasopharynx. It is lined with ciliated, pseudostratified columnar epithelium and functions to humidify, heat, and filter incoming air, as well as protecting the olfactory bulb and sinuses from incorrectly pressurized incoming air.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NASAL TURBINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nasal Concha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nasal Turbinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasoturbinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12274":{"preferredName":"Middle Ear","code":"C12274","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the ear including the eardrum and ossicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the ear including the eardrum and ossicles. The middle ear leads to the inner ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MIDDLE EAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Middle Ear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12500":{"preferredName":"Eustachian Tube","code":"C12500","definitions":[{"description":"A tubular structure that extends from the middle ear to the nasopharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tubular structure that runs from the middle ear to the nasopharynx and is approximately 3-4 cm length. Its lumen is roughly triangular and has average diameter of 2-3 mm. The lumen is lined by ciliated pseudostratified, columnar epithelium, which sweeps material from the middle ear to the nasopharynx. It is functionally collapsed at rest, with slight negative pressure present in the middle ear, and opens during swallowing, sneezing, and yawning. It serves to ventilate pressure differences between the middle ear and nasopharynx. This tube also allows middle ear secretions to drain into the nasopharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Auditory Tube","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Auditory Tube","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EUSTACHIAN TUBE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eustachian Tube","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharyngotympanic Tube","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pharyngotympanic Tube","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tuba Auditoria","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tuba Auditoria","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12499":{"preferredName":"Inner Ear","code":"C12499","definitions":[{"description":"The innermost portion of the ear that contains the vestibule, cochlea and semicircular canals.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the ear located within the temporal bone that is involved in both hearing and balance and includes the semicircular canals, vestibule, and cochlea. (from American Heritage Dictionary online)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EAR, INNER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"INNER EAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inner Ear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Internal Ear","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Internal Ear","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Labyrinth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Labyrinth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12276":{"preferredName":"Ethmoid Sinus","code":"C12276","definitions":[{"description":"A sinus of the meatuses of the nasal cavity. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of paranasal sinus (a hollow space in the bones around the nose). Ethmoid sinuses are found in the spongy ethmoid bone in the upper part of the nose between the eyes. They are lined with cells that make mucus to keep the nose from drying out.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sinus of the meatuses of the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETHMOID SINUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ethmoid Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethmoid Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sinus, Ethmoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ethmoid sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12277":{"preferredName":"Frontal Sinus","code":"C12277","definitions":[{"description":"A type of paranasal sinus (a hollow space in the bones around the nose). There are two, large frontal sinuses in the frontal bone, which forms the lower part of the forehead and reaches over the eye sockets and eyebrows. The frontal sinuses are lined with cells that make mucus to keep the nose from drying out.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The paired, mucosal lined air spaces located above the orbit and communicating with the nasal passages. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The paired, mucosal lined air spaces located above the orbit and communicating with the nasal passages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FRONTAL SINUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Frontal Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Frontal Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sinus, Frontal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"frontal sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12278":{"preferredName":"Sphenoid Sinus","code":"C12278","definitions":[{"description":"A type of paranasal sinus (a hollow space in the bones around the nose). There are two large sphenoid sinuses in the sphenoid bone, which is behind the nose between the eyes. The sphenoid sinuses are lined with cells that make mucus to keep the nose from drying out.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Either of the paired paranasal sinuses, located in the anterior part of the body of the sphenoid bone and communicating with the superior meatus of the nasal cavity on the same side.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sinus, Sphenoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sphenoid Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sphenoid sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12724":{"preferredName":"Glottis","code":"C12724","definitions":[{"description":"The middle part of the larynx; the area where the vocal cords are located.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The space in which the vocal cords are located. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The space in which the vocal cords are located.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLOTTIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Glottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glottis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"glottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12822":{"preferredName":"Vocal Cord","code":"C12822","definitions":[{"description":"A pair of small bands of muscle that stretch from the thyroid cartilage in front to the arytenoid cartilage in back of the larynx. The vocal cords help prevent food entering the lungs and produce sound through vibration. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of two small bands of muscle within the larynx that vibrates to produce the voice.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pair of small bands of muscle that stretch from the thyroid cartilage in front to the arytenoid cartilage in back of the larynx. The vocal cords help prevent food entering the lungs and produce sound through vibration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VOCAL CORD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vocal Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vocal Cord","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vocal Cords","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vocal cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33815":{"preferredName":"True Vocal Cord","code":"C33815","definitions":[{"description":"The lower pair of vocal folds located below the glottis, which are the primary source of phonation","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"True Vocal Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12279":{"preferredName":"Supraglottis","code":"C12279","definitions":[{"description":"The upper part of the larynx (voice box), including the epiglottis; the area above the vocal cords.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The upper part of the larynx, including the epiglottis; the area above the vocal cords.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper part of the larynx, including the epiglottis; the area above the vocal cords.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SUPRAGLOTTIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Supraglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"supraglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12709":{"preferredName":"Epiglottis","code":"C12709","definitions":[{"description":"A small cartilagenous flap-like valve that closes over the larynx during swallowing to prevent food entering the lungs. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The flap that covers the trachea during swallowing so that food does not enter the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"excludes anterior surface of epiglottis C10.1","attr":null,"defSource":"ICDO3"},{"description":"A small cartilagenous flap-like valve that closes over the larynx during swallowing to prevent food entering the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPIGLOTTIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epiglottic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epiglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epiglottis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"epiglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32583":{"preferredName":"False Vocal Cord","code":"C32583","definitions":[{"description":"One of two folds of a mucous membrane spanning the larynx. The two folds aid in breathing and preventing regurgitation to a greater extent than producing sounds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"False Vocal Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricular Fold","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12280":{"preferredName":"Subglottis","code":"C12280","definitions":[{"description":"The area of the larynx below the vocal cords down to the trachea. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lowest part of the larynx; the area from just below the vocal cords down to the top of the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The area of the larynx below the vocal cords down to the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SUBGLOTTIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Subglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subglottis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"subglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12281":{"preferredName":"Laryngeal Cartilage","code":"C12281","definitions":[{"description":"The nine cartilages that comprise the skeleton of the larynx, including the single thyroid, epiglottic, and cricoid cartilages, and the paired arytenoid, corniculate, and cuneiform cartilages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Laryngeal Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32148":{"preferredName":"Arytenoid Cartilage","code":"C32148","definitions":[{"description":"Either of a pair of small pyramidal laryngeal cartilages that articulate with the lamina of the cricoid cartilage and give attachment to the posterior part of the corresponding vocal ligament and to several muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arytenoid Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32400":{"preferredName":"Cricoid Cartilage","code":"C32400","definitions":[{"description":"A cartilage ring around the trachea below the thyroid cartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cricoid Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32417":{"preferredName":"Cuneiform Cartilage","code":"C32417","definitions":[{"description":"The two small rod shaped pieces of elastic cartilage on both sides of the aryepiglottic fold which supports the epiglottis laterally and the vocal cords.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cuneiform Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33780":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Cartilage","code":"C33780","definitions":[{"description":"The largest of the laryngeal cartilages comprising two quadrilateral laminae that fuse to form a median elevation (\"Adam's apple\"). It lies inferior to the hyoid bone, its superior horn is attached to the tip of the greater horn of the hyoid bone, and its inferior horn articulates with the cricoid cartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thyroid Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12284":{"preferredName":"Main Bronchus","code":"C12284","definitions":[{"description":"The left and right main bronchi considered as a group.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Main Bronchus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Main Bronchus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12285":{"preferredName":"Upper Lobe of the Lung","code":"C12285","definitions":[{"description":"The lobe of the right lung that lies above the oblique and horizontal fissures and includes the apical, posterior and anterior bronchopulmonary segments; in the left lung, the lobe lies above the oblique fissure and contains the apicoposterior, anterior, superior lingular and inferior lingular segments.","attr":"Biology-online.org","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung Upper Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper Lobe of the Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper Lobe, Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40373":{"preferredName":"Lingula of the Lung","code":"C40373","definitions":[{"description":"A small tongue-like projection from the lower portion of the upper lobe of the left lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A small tongue-like projection from the lower portion of the upper lobe of the left lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LINGULA OF THE LUNG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lingula of the Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12286":{"preferredName":"Middle Lobe of the Right Lung","code":"C12286","definitions":[{"description":"The smallest lobe of the right lung, situated above the oblique fissure and below the horizontal fissure. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The smallest lobe of the right lung, situated above the oblique fissure and below the horizontal fissure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LUNG, RIGHT MIDDLE LOBE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lung Middle Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Lobe of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Lobe of the Right Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Lobe of the Right Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Lobe of the Right Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Right Middle Lobe, Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12287":{"preferredName":"Lower Lobe of the Lung","code":"C12287","definitions":[{"description":"The bottom most subdivision of either the right or left lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lower Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower Lobe of the Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower Lobe, Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Lower Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13304":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary","code":"C13304","definitions":[{"description":"Having to do with the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Relating to the lungs as the intended site of administration, where the pharmaceutical product is administered, usually by inhalation, for local action in the lower respiratory tract or for systemic action after absorption via the lower respiratory tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"EDQM-HC"},{"description":"Relating to the lungs as the intended site of administration, where the pharmaceutical product is administered, usually by inhalation, for local action in the lower respiratory tract or for systemic action after absorption via the lower respiratory tract.","attr":"EDQM-HC","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"EDQM-HC"},{"termName":"Pulmonary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pulmonary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12728":{"preferredName":"Cardiac Atrium","code":"C12728","definitions":[{"description":"The smaller chamber(s) of the heart that receives blood from the peripheral circulation and/or the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The paired upper chambers of the heart. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary vein and pumps blood into the left ventricle. The right atrium receives venous deoxygenated blood from the entire body via the superior and inferior vena cavae and pumps blood into the right ventricle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atria of Heart","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atria, Cardiac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrium of Heart","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Auricle of Heart","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac Atria","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac Atrium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac Atrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HEART, ATRIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Heart Atria","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heart Atrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12730":{"preferredName":"Cardiac Ventricle","code":"C12730","definitions":[{"description":"The larger chamber(s) of the heart that receives blood from an atrium and pushes it out of the heart into the peripheral circulation and/or the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the two lower chambers of the heart that receives blood from an atrium and pumps blood to the arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardiac Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cardiac Ventricles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEART, VENTRICLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Heart Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricles, Heart","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13004":{"preferredName":"Endocardium","code":"C13004","definitions":[{"description":"The layer of endothelial cells and connective tissue lining the chambers of the heart. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The layer of endothelial cells and connective tissue lining the chambers of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENDOCARDIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endocardial","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endocardium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13164":{"preferredName":"Epicardium","code":"C13164","definitions":[{"description":"The outer membranous connective tissue layer of the heart tissue. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The outer membranous connective tissue layer of the heart tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPICARDIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epicardium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12371":{"preferredName":"Myocardium","code":"C12371","definitions":[{"description":"The striated muscle tissue of the heart enveloped by the epicardium and the endocardium. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The striated muscle tissue of the heart enveloped by the epicardium and the endocardium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cardiac Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heart Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myocardial Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myocardium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myocardium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32098":{"preferredName":"Anterior Mediastinum","code":"C32098","definitions":[{"description":"The area between the lungs; it contains the thymus, some lymph nodes, and vessels and branches of the internal thoracic artery. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The area in the front part of the chest between the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The area between the lungs; it contains the thymus, some lymph nodes, and vessels and branches of the internal thoracic artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anterior Mediastinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anterior Mediastinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MEDIASTINUM, ANTERIOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"anterior mediastinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"prevascular space","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33368":{"preferredName":"Posterior Mediastinum","code":"C33368","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the lower portion of the mediastinum that is located behind the pericardium. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the lower portion of the mediastinum that is located behind the pericardium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEDIASTINUM, POSTERIOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Posterior Mediastinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Posterior Mediastinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C33273":{"preferredName":"Parietal Pleura","code":"C33273","definitions":[{"description":"The outermost of the two pleural membranes. It consists of a thin basal layer of fibrous tissue upon which sits a continuous layer of mesothelial cells. The cells function to secrete the lubricant lining the pleural cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Parietal Pleura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33881":{"preferredName":"Visceral Pleura","code":"C33881","definitions":[{"description":"The layer investing the lungs and dipping into the fissures between the several lobes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Visceral Pleura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33839":{"preferredName":"Upper Respiratory System","code":"C33839","definitions":[{"description":"The sinuses and those parts of the respiratory system above the trachea. It includes the nares, nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx, vocal cords, glottis and upper trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The sinuses and those parts of the respiratory system above the trachea. It includes the nares, nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx, vocal cords, glottis and upper trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Upper Respiratory System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32047":{"preferredName":"Acromioclavicular Joint","code":"C32047","definitions":[{"description":"The junction of the upper distal end of the scapula to the distal edge of the collarbone, also known as the acromion and the clavicle. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The junction of the upper distal end of the scapula to the distal edge of the collarbone, also known as the acromion and the clavicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acromioclavicular Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acromioclavicular Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12777":{"preferredName":"Radius Bone","code":"C12777","definitions":[{"description":"The long bone that lies between the radiohumeral joint and the carpus and is adjacent to the ulna.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The long bone of the forearm that extends from the lateral aspect of the elbow to the thumb-side of the wrist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, RADIUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RADIUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Radial Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radius","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radius Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radius Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33547":{"preferredName":"Shoulder Girdle","code":"C33547","definitions":[{"description":"The bony arch formed by the collarbones and shoulder blades.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Shoulder Girdle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33548":{"preferredName":"Shoulder Joint","code":"C33548","definitions":[{"description":"A ball-and-socket joint at the upper end of the humerus, located at the junction of humerus and scapula. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A ball-and-socket joint at the upper end of the humerus, located at the junction of humerus and scapula.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SHOULDER JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Shoulder Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shoulder Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12809":{"preferredName":"Ulna","code":"C12809","definitions":[{"description":"The bone that contains the olecranon process, lies between the radiohumeral joint and the carpus, and is adjacent to the radius.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the bones that comprise the forearm. The largest aspect articulates with the humerus at the elbow joint and the smallest portion of the ulna articulates with the carpal bones in the wrist.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, ULNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ULNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ulna","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52771":{"preferredName":"Hand Phalanx","code":"C52771","definitions":[{"description":"A bone of the hand. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A bone of the hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone of Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HAND PHALANX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand Phalanx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hand Phalanx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Phalanges of Hand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phalanx of Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phalanx of Hand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phalanx of the Hand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12688":{"preferredName":"Carpal Bone","code":"C12688","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the bones of the joint located between the radius and ulna and metacarpus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the small bones of the wrist joint, located between the radius and the ulna and the metacarpus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, CARPAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CARPAL BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carpal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carpus Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12751":{"preferredName":"Metacarpal Bone","code":"C12751","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the five bones between the wrist and the fingers that form the skeleton of the palm. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the five bones between the wrist and the fingers that form the skeleton of the palm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"METACARPAL BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Metacarpal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metacarpal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metacarpal Bones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Os Metacarpale","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33097":{"preferredName":"Meniscus Lateralis","code":"C33097","definitions":[{"description":"A meniscus located towards the outer aspect of the femorotibial joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A semicircular meniscus located towards the outer aspect of the knee joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lateral Meniscus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MENISCUS, LATERAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Meniscus Lateralis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33098":{"preferredName":"Meniscus Medialis","code":"C33098","definitions":[{"description":"A meniscus located towards the inner aspect of the knee/stifle joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A semicircular meniscus located towards the inner aspect of the knee joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MENISCUS, MEDIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medial Meniscus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meniscus Medialis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12796":{"preferredName":"Tarsal Bone","code":"C12796","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the short bones between the tibiotarsal joint and the tarsometatarsal joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any one of the seven bones forming the instep of the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, TARSUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bone, Tarsal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"TARSUS BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tarsal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tarsal Bones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tarsus Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13068":{"preferredName":"Foot Bone","code":"C13068","definitions":[{"description":"One of the seven tarsal, five metatarsal, or 14 phalangeal bones in the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Foot Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Foot Bones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32250":{"preferredName":"Calcaneum","code":"C32250","definitions":[{"description":"The irregular and largest tarsal bone that forms the heel. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The irregular and largest tarsal bone that forms the heel.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CALCANEUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Calcaneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcaneum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Calcaneus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcaneus Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C52772":{"preferredName":"Foot Phalanx","code":"C52772","definitions":[{"description":"A bone of the foot. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A bone of the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FOOT PHALANX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Foot Phalanx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Foot Phalanx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Phalanges of Foot","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phalanx of Foot","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phalanx of the Foot","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12752":{"preferredName":"Metatarsal Bone","code":"C12752","definitions":[{"description":"A bone belonging to the middle part of the foot located between toes and ankle. There are 5 metatarsal bones and they are numbered from the medial side. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A bone belonging to the middle part of the foot located between toes and ankle. There are 5 metatarsal bones and they are numbered from the medial side.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"METATARSAL BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Metatarsal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metatarsal Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Metatarsal Bones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32223":{"preferredName":"Bone of the Extremity","code":"C32223","definitions":[{"description":"A bone within a limb of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone of Extremity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone of the Extremity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C81188":{"preferredName":"Skullcap","code":"C81188","definitions":[{"description":"The roof or dome of the skull. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The roof or dome of the skull.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, CALVARIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Calvarium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skullcap","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12711":{"preferredName":"Ethmoid Bone","code":"C12711","definitions":[{"description":"A light and spongy bone that is cubical in shape. This bone is positioned at the anterior part of the cranium, sitting between the two orbits, at the roof of the nose. It consists of four parts: a horizontal or cribriform plate; a perpendicular plate; and two lateral masses or labyrinths. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A light and spongy bone that is cubical in shape. This bone is positioned at the anterior part of the cranium, sitting between the two orbits, at the roof of the nose. It consists of four parts: a horizontal or cribriform plate; a perpendicular plate; and two lateral masses or labyrinths.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETHMOID BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ethmoid Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethmoid Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C63706":{"preferredName":"Facial Bone","code":"C63706","definitions":[{"description":"Any bone that contributes to the facial structures, except those bones that are part of the braincase. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any bone that contributes to the facial structures, except those bones that are part of the braincase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone of Face","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FACIAL BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Facial Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Facial Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32635":{"preferredName":"Frontal Bone","code":"C32635","definitions":[{"description":"A bone of the skull forming the forehead, root of the nose and the roof of both orbits.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Frontal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32752":{"preferredName":"Hyoid Bone","code":"C32752","definitions":[{"description":"A U-shaped bone supporting the tongue. This bone is located at the base of the tongue and is suspended from the tips of the styloid processes of the temporal bones by the stylohyoid ligaments. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A U-shaped bone supporting the tongue. This bone is located at the base of the tongue and is suspended from the tips of the styloid processes of the temporal bones by the stylohyoid ligaments.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HYOID BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hyoid Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hyoid Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C33157":{"preferredName":"Nasal Bone","code":"C33157","definitions":[{"description":"One of two small oblong bones placed side by side at the middle and upper part of the face. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of two small oblong bones placed side by side at the middle and upper part of the face.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NASAL BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nasal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasal Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12757":{"preferredName":"Occipital Bone","code":"C12757","definitions":[{"description":"The trapezoidal-shaped bone that forms the back and part of the base of the skull.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Occipital Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12766":{"preferredName":"Parietal Bone","code":"C12766","definitions":[{"description":"One of two cranial bones that by their union form the sides and roof of the skull.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Parietal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12790":{"preferredName":"Sphenoid Bone","code":"C12790","definitions":[{"description":"The butterfly-shaped bone located at the base of the skull that helps to form the orbit of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sphenoid Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12797":{"preferredName":"Temporal Bone","code":"C12797","definitions":[{"description":"A large irregular bone situated at the base and side of the skull, connected with the mandible via the temporomandibular joint. The temporal bone consists of the squamous, tympanic and petrous parts. The petrous portion of the temporal bone contains the vestibulocochlear organ of the inner ear. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A large irregular bone situated at the base and side of the skull, connected with the mandible via the temporomandibular joint. The temporal bone consists of the squamous, tympanic and petrous parts. The petrous portion of the temporal bone contains the vestibulocochlear organ of the inner ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TEMPORAL BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Temporal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temporal Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32888":{"preferredName":"Jaw Joint","code":"C32888","definitions":[{"description":"The joint between the head of the lower mandible and the temporal bone. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The joint between the head of the lower mandible and the temporal bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jaw Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jaw Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"TMJ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMJ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Temporomandibular Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32239":{"preferredName":"C1 Vertebra","code":"C32239","definitions":[{"description":"The first of the seven cervical vertebrae. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The first of the seven cervical vertebrae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atlas of the Vertebra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C1 VERTEBRA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"C1 Vertebra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C1 Vertebra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32240":{"preferredName":"C2 Vertebra","code":"C32240","definitions":[{"description":"The second of the seven cervical vertebrae. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The second of the seven cervical vertebrae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Axis of the Vertebra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C2 VERTEBRA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"C2 Vertebra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C2 Vertebra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C49571":{"preferredName":"Intervertebral Disc","code":"C49571","definitions":[{"description":"Spongy discs located between the vertebrae of the spinal column; composed of the outer annulus fibrosus and inner nucleus pulposus. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Spongy discs located between the vertebrae of the spinal column; composed of the outer annulus fibrosus and inner nucleus pulposus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INTERVERTEBRAL DISC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intervertebral Disc","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32391":{"preferredName":"Costal Cartilage","code":"C32391","definitions":[{"description":"The cartilage positioned between the anterior end of the rib and the sternum. Its elasticity allows the ribcage to expand while breathing. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The cartilage positioned between the anterior end of the rib and the sternum. Its elasticity allows the ribcage to expand while breathing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COSTAL CARTILAGE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Costal Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Costal Cartilage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32394":{"preferredName":"Costovertebral Joint","code":"C32394","definitions":[{"description":"The synovial joints that attach the heads of the ribs to the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Costovertebral Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33617":{"preferredName":"Sternocostal Joint","code":"C33617","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the joints between the first seven ribs and the sternum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sternocostal Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12696":{"preferredName":"Coccyx","code":"C12696","definitions":[{"description":"A small bone located at the bottom of the spine. The coccyx is a result of 3-5 fused rudimentary vertebrae. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The small bone at the bottom of the spine. It is made up of 3-5 fused bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small bone located at the bottom of the spine. The coccyx is a result of 3-5 fused rudimentary vertebrae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COCCYX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Coccyx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coccyx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"coccyx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"tailbone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32742":{"preferredName":"Hip Joint","code":"C32742","definitions":[{"description":"A ball-and-socket joint between the head of the femur and the acetabulum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A ball-and-socket joint between the head of the femur and the acetabulum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Coxofemoral Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HIP JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hip Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hip Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"JOINT, HIP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C33423":{"preferredName":"Pubic Bone","code":"C33423","definitions":[{"description":"Either of the two bones (left and right) that form the front of the pelvis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Either of the two bones (left and right) that form the front of the pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PUBIC BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pubic Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pubis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33504":{"preferredName":"Sacral Bone","code":"C33504","definitions":[{"description":"One of the five bones of the spine that fuse to create the sacrum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sacral Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33425":{"preferredName":"Pubic Symphysis","code":"C33425","definitions":[{"description":"The joint between the left and right pubic bones at the front of the pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pubic Symphysis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32144":{"preferredName":"Articular Cartilage","code":"C32144","definitions":[{"description":"The cartilage that covers the ends of each bone in a joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Articular Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12780":{"preferredName":"Reticuloendothelial System","code":"C12780","definitions":[{"description":"A widely distributed collection of both free and fixed macrophages derived from bone marrow precursor cells by way of monocytes; their substantial phagocytic activity is mediated by immunoglobulin and the serum complement system. In both connective and lymphoid tissue, they may occur as free and fixed macrophages; in the sinusoids of the liver, as Kupffer cells; in the lung, as alveolar macrophages; and in the nervous system, as microglia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RE System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reticuloendothelial System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12909":{"preferredName":"Hematopoietic System","code":"C12909","definitions":[{"description":"The bodily system of organs and tissues, primarily the bone marrow, spleen, tonsils, and lymph nodes, involved in the production of blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Body System, Hematologic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematologic Body System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematologic Organ System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Body System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ System, Hematologic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12291":{"preferredName":"Skin of the Lip","code":"C12291","definitions":[{"description":"The skin portion of the lip that contains hair.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The skin portion of the lip that contains hair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hair Bearing Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKIN OF THE LIP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skin of Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin of the Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12713":{"preferredName":"Eyelid","code":"C12713","definitions":[{"description":"The section of skin, containing muscle and conjunctiva, that covers and protects the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A thin membrane of skin with the purpose of covering and protecting an eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EYELID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eyelid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palpebra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Palpebra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49564":{"preferredName":"Inner Canthus","code":"C49564","definitions":[{"description":"The medial corner of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids join.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inner Canthus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33075":{"preferredName":"Meibomian Gland","code":"C33075","definitions":[{"description":"A sebaceous gland in the eyelid that produces meibum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sebaceous gland in the eyelid that produces a specific type of sebum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, MEIBOMIAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Meibomian Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49597":{"preferredName":"Outer Canthus","code":"C49597","definitions":[{"description":"The lateral corner of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids join.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Outer Canthus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32294":{"preferredName":"Ceruminous Gland","code":"C32294","definitions":[{"description":"A gland situated in the external auditory canal that produces a waxy secretion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ceruminous Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32362":{"preferredName":"Concha","code":"C32362","definitions":[{"description":"The concave area of the auricle next to the ear canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Concha","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32999":{"preferredName":"Lobule of the Auricle","code":"C32999","definitions":[{"description":"The piece of adipose tissue covered by skin at the base of the ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lobule of the Auricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32724":{"preferredName":"Helix","code":"C32724","definitions":[{"description":"A twisted curved structure such as a coil spring or corkscrew.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Auricle Helix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Helix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33801":{"preferredName":"Tragus","code":"C33801","definitions":[{"description":"A small curved flap of auricular cartilage on the external ear anterior to the concha and inferior to the crux of the helix.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tragus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49481":{"preferredName":"Ear Skin","code":"C49481","definitions":[{"description":"The skin of the organ responsible for detecting sound and establishing balance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ear Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33561":{"preferredName":"Skin of the Face","code":"C33561","definitions":[{"description":"The skin or integument that covers the face.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The integumentary covering of the face.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SKIN OF THE FACE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skin of the Face","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32566":{"preferredName":"External Nose","code":"C32566","definitions":[{"description":"The outer portion of the nose that protrudes from the face.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"External Nose","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasus Externus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12294":{"preferredName":"Skin of the Scalp and Neck","code":"C12294","definitions":[{"description":"The integumentary covering of the scalp and neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin of Scalp and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin of the Scalp and Neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52757":{"preferredName":"Head Skin","code":"C52757","definitions":[{"description":"The integument that covers the head.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The skin covering the head.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Head Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKIN OF THE HEAD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C52756":{"preferredName":"Neck Skin","code":"C52756","definitions":[{"description":"The integument that covers the neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The integumentary covering of the neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neck Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKIN OF THE NECK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C52758":{"preferredName":"Abdominal Skin","code":"C52758","definitions":[{"description":"The integument that covers the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The skin or integument surrounding the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABDOMINAL SKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Abdomen Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C116164":{"preferredName":"Skin Of The Axilla","code":"C116164","definitions":[{"description":"The integument that covers the underarm.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The skin or integument surrounding the axilla, or underarm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SKIN OF THE AXILLA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skin Of The Axilla","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C77533":{"preferredName":"Umbilicus","code":"C77533","definitions":[{"description":"The depression or scar on the abdomen that marks the former site of attachment of the umbilical cord. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The depression or scar on the abdomen that marks the former site of attachment of the umbilical cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Belly Button","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Navel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Navel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UMBILICUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Umbilicus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12296":{"preferredName":"Skin of the Upper Limb and Shoulder","code":"C12296","definitions":[{"description":"The integumentary covering of the upper limb and shoulder region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin of Upper Limb and Shoulder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin of the Upper Limb and Shoulder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32609":{"preferredName":"Fingernail","code":"C32609","definitions":[{"description":"The nail at the end of a finger. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The nail at the end of a finger.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FINGERNAIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Finger Nail","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fingernail","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fingernail","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C52754":{"preferredName":"Arm Skin","code":"C52754","definitions":[{"description":"The integument that covers the arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The skin or integument covering the arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARM SKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Arm Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arm Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C52755":{"preferredName":"Elbow Skin","code":"C52755","definitions":[{"description":"The skin of the hinge joint that is located between the forearm and upper arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Elbow Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52753":{"preferredName":"Hand Skin","code":"C52753","definitions":[{"description":"The integument that covers the hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The skin covering the distal portion of the upper extremity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hand Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKIN OF THE HAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skin Of The Hand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52752":{"preferredName":"Wrist Skin","code":"C52752","definitions":[{"description":"The integumentary covering of one or both wrists.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wrist Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12297":{"preferredName":"Skin of the Lower Limb and Hip","code":"C12297","definitions":[{"description":"The integumentary covering of the lower limb and hip region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin of Lower Limb and Hip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin of the Lower Limb and Hip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52751":{"preferredName":"Ankle Skin","code":"C52751","definitions":[{"description":"The skin that surrounds the tissues of the ankle joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ankle Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52750":{"preferredName":"Foot Skin","code":"C52750","definitions":[{"description":"The skin covering the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Foot Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C64859":{"preferredName":"Knee Skin","code":"C64859","definitions":[{"description":"The skin of the hinge joint that is located between the thigh and lower leg.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Knee Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52749":{"preferredName":"Leg Skin","code":"C52749","definitions":[{"description":"The integument that covers the leg.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The skin or integument surrounding the leg.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEG SKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leg Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leg Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C33326":{"preferredName":"Plantar Region","code":"C33326","definitions":[{"description":"The undersurface of the foot. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The undersurface of the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Plantar","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plantar Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C33790":{"preferredName":"Toenail","code":"C33790","definitions":[{"description":"A thin, horny translucent plate covering the end of each toe. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A thin, horny translucent plate covering the end of each toe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TOENAIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Toe Nail","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toenail","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toenail","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12682":{"preferredName":"Brachial Plexus","code":"C12682","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve network originating from spinal nerves in the cervical and thoracic vertebrae and giving rise to multiple nerves that innervate the arm/forelimb.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A network of nerves that sends signals from the spine to the arm and hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nerve network originating from C5 to T1 that supplies cutaneous and muscular innervation to the arm and hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRACHIAL PLEXUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brachial Plexus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brachial Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"NERVE, BRACHIAL PLEXUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"brachial plexus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C52815":{"preferredName":"Median Nerve","code":"C52815","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve extending from the brachial plexus traveling the length of the arm/thoracic limb, which innervates some flexor muscles of the arm/forelimb and the skin on the palmar aspect of the carpus, metacarpus and digits.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A branch of the brachial plexus that extends along the anterior aspect of the forearm and the hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Median Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NERVE, MEDIAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C52812":{"preferredName":"Radial Nerve","code":"C52812","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve extending from the brachial plexus traveling the length of the arm/forelimb, which innervates the extensor muscles of the elbow, carpus and phalanges, as well as the skin on the dorsal aspect of the carpus, metacarpus and digits.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A large nerve that arises from the brachial plexus and enervates the extensor muscles and skin of the entire upper limb's posterior aspect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NERVE, RADIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Radial Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52807":{"preferredName":"Ulnar Nerve","code":"C52807","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve arising from spinal nerves C8, T1 and T2, which innervates the flexor muscles of the arm/forelimb and skin of the arm/forelimb and lateral manus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A major peripheral nerve of the upper limb; it originates as the medial cord of the brachial plexus, and contains fibers from the C8-T1 nerve roots. It functions to supply both sensory and motor innervation to parts of the forearm and hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NERVE, ULNAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ulnar Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52816":{"preferredName":"Femoral Nerve","code":"C52816","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve that originates from the lumbar nerves and innervates the anterior region of the thigh.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Femoral Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C75909":{"preferredName":"Obturator Nerve","code":"C75909","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve that arises from the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves and enters the thigh through the obturator canal. It is responsible for the sensory innervation of the skin of the medial aspect of the thigh and also responsible for the motor innervation of the adductor muscles of the lower extremity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Obturator Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32825":{"preferredName":"Intercostal Nerve","code":"C32825","definitions":[{"description":"The anterior primary branches of the thoracic spinal nerves (T1 to T11).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intercostal Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52805":{"preferredName":"Lumbosacral Plexus","code":"C52805","definitions":[{"description":"A network of nerves composed of the lumbar plexus (T12-L4) and the sacral plexus (L4-S4), which innervates the pelvic girdle and the lower limb.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lumbosacral Plexus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33505":{"preferredName":"Sacral Nerve","code":"C33505","definitions":[{"description":"Any one of the five pairs of spinal nerves emerging from each side of the sacrum, which contain both afferent and efferent fibers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sacral Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12846":{"preferredName":"Sacral Plexus","code":"C12846","definitions":[{"description":"A network of nerve fibers that are derived from the anterior rami of spinal nerves L4-L5 and S1-S4, and which are part of the larger lumbosacral plexus, providing motor and sensory innervation for the posterior thigh, most of the lower leg, the entire foot, and part of the pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sacral Plexus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33015":{"preferredName":"Lumbar Nerve","code":"C33015","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the five spinal nerves originating from the lumbar region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lumbar Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12764":{"preferredName":"Parasympathetic Nervous System","code":"C12764","definitions":[{"description":"The division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for conserving and restoring energy (opposing the sympathetic nervous system), which arises from preganglionic cell bodies in the gray matter of the brain stem and the middle three segments of the sacral cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Parasympathetic Nervous System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12768":{"preferredName":"Peripheral Nerve","code":"C12768","definitions":[{"description":"Any nerve outside the brain or spinal cord that connects with peripheral receptors or effectors. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any nerve outside the brain or spinal cord that connects with peripheral receptors or effectors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NERVE, PERIPHERAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PERIPHERAL NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Peripheral Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Nerves","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12792":{"preferredName":"Spinal Nerve","code":"C12792","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve arising from the spinal cord where the dorsal and ventral roots converge and exit through the intervertebral foramen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Paired nerves that arise from the spinal cord. In all, there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves located in the human body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NERVE, SPINAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Spinal Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spinal Nerves","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spinal Roots","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12795":{"preferredName":"Sympathetic Nervous System","code":"C12795","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the nervous system that increases heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and pupil size. It also causes blood vessels to narrow and decreases digestive juices.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The part of the autonomic nervous system comprising paired, paraspinal sympathetic trunks together with their branches, plexi, and subsidiary ganglia; it functions to mobilize the body for activity and opposes the physiological effects of the parasympathetic nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sympathetic Nervous System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sympathetic nervous system","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C113599":{"preferredName":"Cul-de-sac","code":"C113599","definitions":[{"description":"A pouch or tube that is open only at one end.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cul-de-sac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13074":{"preferredName":"Masseter Muscle","code":"C13074","definitions":[{"description":"A muscle extending from the zygomatic arch to the lateral surface of mandibular ramus; primary function is elevation of the mandible (closing of the mouth).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A muscle of mastication originating from the zygomatic arch.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUSCLE, MASSETER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Masseter Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Masticatory Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33616":{"preferredName":"Sternocleidomastoid Muscle","code":"C33616","definitions":[{"description":"A superficial neck muscle and a key anatomical landmark, which divides the neck into anterior and lateral regions. It originates on the manubrium and the clavicle, and inserts onto the mastoid process and the superior nuchal line. It functions to flex the neck, move the chin cranially, and assists in elevating the rib cage during inspiration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sternocleidomastoid Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sternomastoid Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32200":{"preferredName":"Biceps","code":"C32200","definitions":[{"description":"A muscle of the proximal arm/forelimb, in general extending from the scapula to the radius and adjacent fascia; primary function is flexion of the elbow joint and, in some species, also functions in supination of the antebrachium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A muscle in the upper arm. Its action involves the rotation of the arm and the flexing of the elbow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BICEPS BRACHII MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Biceps","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biceps","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biceps Brachii Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, BICEPS BRACHII","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C53149":{"preferredName":"Brachialis","code":"C53149","definitions":[{"description":"A muscle that originates from the lower two-thirds of the anterior surface of the humerus that flexes the elbow. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A muscle that originates from the lower two-thirds of the anterior surface of the humerus that flexes the elbow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRACHIALIS MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brachialis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C53151":{"preferredName":"Coracobrachialis","code":"C53151","definitions":[{"description":"A muscle arising from the coracoid process of the scapula, inserted in the medial border of the humerus, and acts to adduct and flex the arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Coracobrachial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coracobrachial Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coracobrachialis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33251":{"preferredName":"Palmar Fascia","code":"C33251","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Palmar Fascia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12838":{"preferredName":"Radial Artery","code":"C12838","definitions":[{"description":"The branch of the brachial artery that passes down the forearm. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The branch of the brachial artery that passes down the forearm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RADIAL ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Radial Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radial Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C90604":{"preferredName":"Triceps Brachii","code":"C90604","definitions":[{"description":"A muscle of the proximal arm/forelimb, in general extending from the scapula and humerus to the olecranon of the ulna; primary function is extension of humeroulnar joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The muscle of the upper arm that extends the forearm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUSCLE, TRICEPS BRACHII","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"TRICEPS BRACHII MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Triceps Brachii","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12839":{"preferredName":"Ulnar Artery","code":"C12839","definitions":[{"description":"A terminal branch of the brachial artery arising just below the elbow that runs along the ulna into the wrist with numerous branches supplying the forearm, wrist and hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ulnar Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C53147":{"preferredName":"Biceps Femoris","code":"C53147","definitions":[{"description":"A muscle in the thigh, in general extending from the ischial tuberosity and posterior femur to the fibula; primary function is to extend the femorotibial joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A muscle in the back of the thigh. Its action involves the knee flexion and hip extension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BICEPS FEMORIS MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Biceps Femoris","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, BICEPS FEMORIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32666":{"preferredName":"Gastrocnemius Muscle","code":"C32666","definitions":[{"description":"A bipennate muscle extending from the femoral condyles to the calcaneus; primary function is the extension of the tarsal joint and flexion of the femorotibial joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A large muscle in the back of the lower leg. Its action involves the plantar flexion of the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastrocnemius Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, GASTROCNEMIUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C33325":{"preferredName":"Plantar Fascia","code":"C33325","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Plantar Fascia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33441":{"preferredName":"Quadriceps Muscle of the Thigh","code":"C33441","definitions":[{"description":"A group of muscles in the thigh, in general extending from the pelvis to the patella and tibia; primary function is extension of the femorotibial joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A group of four powerful muscles in the front of the thigh. Their actions involve the extension of the knee joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUSCLE, QUADRICEPS FEMORIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"QUADRICEPS MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Quadriceps Muscle of the Thigh","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32169":{"preferredName":"Axillary Artery","code":"C32169","definitions":[{"description":"An artery that originates from the subclavian artery at the lateral margin of the first rib. It supplies the brachial artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An artery that originates from the subclavian artery at the lateral margin of the first rib that supplies the brachial artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXILLARY ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Axillary Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32824":{"preferredName":"Intercostal Muscle","code":"C32824","definitions":[{"description":"A group of muscles extending from one rib to the adjacent rib; primary function is movement of the thoracic wall during inspiration and expiration.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A muscle located between two ribs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intercostal Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, INTERCOSTAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Respiratory Muscles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52941":{"preferredName":"Internal Mammary Artery","code":"C52941","definitions":[{"description":"An artery of the thoracic wall; in general it arises from the subclavian artery and branches into the musculophrenic and superior epigastric arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The blood vessel that supplies the breast and the anterior chest wall with arterial blood. It is located in the chest wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY, INTERNAL THORACIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"INTERNAL MAMMARY ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Internal Mammary Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Internal Thoracic Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33150":{"preferredName":"Musculus Latissimus Dorsi","code":"C33150","definitions":[{"description":"A muscle of the back, in general extending from the thoracolumbar vertebrae and scapula to the proximal humerus; primary function is adduction, extension, and medial rotation of the shoulder joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A triangular muscle in the back, connected to the vertebral column, arm, and shoulder. Its action involves adduction, medial rotation, and extension of the arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LATISSIMUS DORSI MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, LATISSIMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Musculus Latissimus Dorsi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Musculus Latissimus Dorsi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C33284":{"preferredName":"Pectoralis Major","code":"C33284","definitions":[{"description":"Either of two large muscles of the anterior chest wall, which has two heads: the clavicular head, which originates on the medial half of the clavicle, and the sternal head, which originates on the sternum and the first six costal cartilages; the muscles insert onto the lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus and the crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus respectively; primary function is flexion, adduction, and medial rotation of the shoulder joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Either of two large, bilateral muscles overlying the upper, anterior chest wall, which has two heads: the clavicular head, which originates on the medial half of the clavicle, and the sternal head, which originates on the sternum and the first six costal cartilages; the muscles insert onto the lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus and the crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus respectively, and function to flex, adduct, and medially rotate the shoulder joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Musculus Pectoralis Major","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PECTORALIS MAJOR MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pectoralis Major","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33643":{"preferredName":"Subclavian Artery","code":"C33643","definitions":[{"description":"One of the arteries of the thorax; in general it arises from the brachiocephalic artery or the aortic arch and branches into several arteries to supply blood to the head, neck, and arm/forelimb.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An artery located below the clavicle that supplies blood to the head and the arms. The right subclavian artery originates from the brachiocephalic artery and the left subclavian artery originates from the aortic arch.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY, SUBCLAVIAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Subclavian Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subclavian Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12816":{"preferredName":"Superior Vena Cava","code":"C12816","definitions":[{"description":"The large vein that carries blood from the head, neck, arms, and chest to the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The large vein that terminates in the right atrium and transports deoxygenated blood from the head, neck, arms, and chest to the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The large vein that terminates in the right atrium and transports deoxygenated blood from the head, neck, arms, and chest to the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SUPERIOR VENA CAVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Superior Vena Cava","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superior Vena Cava","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"superior vena cava","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33768":{"preferredName":"Thoracic Duct","code":"C33768","definitions":[{"description":"The largest lymphatic vessel in the body, originating at the cisternal chyli and emptying into the junction of the left internal jugular and subclavian veins. It receives lymph from the entire body, with the exception of the right upper limb, the right side of the head and neck, and the right upper thorax.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thoracic Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33809":{"preferredName":"Trapezius Muscle","code":"C33809","definitions":[{"description":"One of a pair of flat, large, triangular muscles that extend from the external occipital protuberance and the medial third of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone to the middle of the back. The trapezius muscle is involved in moving the shoulder and arm. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of a pair of flat, large, triangular muscles that extend from the external occipital protuberance and the medial third of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone to the middle of the back. The trapezius muscle is involved in moving the shoulder and arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRAPEZIUS MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trapezius Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trapezius Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32038":{"preferredName":"Abdominal Aorta","code":"C32038","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the descending aorta that lies within the abdomen, beginning below the diaphragm and ending at its division into the right and left common iliac arteries. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the descending aorta that lies within the abdomen, beginning below the diaphragm and ending at its division into the right and left common iliac arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABDOMINAL AORTA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Abdominal Aorta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32040":{"preferredName":"Abdominal Muscle","code":"C32040","definitions":[{"description":"Any muscle of the abdominal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the muscles of the abdomen that comprise the abdominal wall; these muscles include the rectus abdominis, the external and internal oblique muscles, the transversus abdominis, and the quadratus abdominis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abdominal Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, ABDOMINAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C52846":{"preferredName":"Celiac Artery","code":"C52846","definitions":[{"description":"A major abdominal artery that arises from the abdominal aorta below the diaphragm. It supplies blood to the digestive organs. It has three major branches, left gastric artery, common hepatic artery, and splenic artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Celiac Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Celiac Axis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Celiac Trunk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coeliac Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coeliac Axis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coeliac Trunk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32764":{"preferredName":"Iliopsoas Muscle","code":"C32764","definitions":[{"description":"A combination of two muscles found in the thigh, the iliacus and the psoas major, which have different sites of origin but a common insertion on the lesser trochanter of the femur; primary function is flexion of the hip.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A combination of two muscles found in the thigh, the iliacus and the psoas major, which have different sites of origin but a common insertion on the lesser trochanter of the femur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ILIOPSOAS MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Iliopsoas Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12815":{"preferredName":"Inferior Vena Cava","code":"C12815","definitions":[{"description":"A large vein that empties into the heart. It carries blood from the legs and feet and from organs in the abdomen and pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A large vein that returns blood from the lower half of the body to the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A large vein that returns blood from the lower half of the body to the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INFERIOR VENA CAVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inferior Vena Cava","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inferior Vena Cava","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"inferior vena cava","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C52975":{"preferredName":"Mesenteric Artery","code":"C52975","definitions":[{"description":"One of the arteries of the abdomen; in general it arises from the abdominal aorta and supplies blood mainly to the intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies blood to the intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY, MESENTERIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MESENTERIC ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesenteric Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33422":{"preferredName":"Psoas Muscle","code":"C33422","definitions":[{"description":"A group of muscles on the abdominal spine, in general extending from the lumbar vertebrae to the femur; the primary function is flexion of the hip joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Muscles of the lower back whose actions involve the flexion of the hips and lumbar spine. The term may refer to psoas major muscle and psoas minor muscle, both located in the lower back.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUSCLE, PSOAS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Psoas Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33449":{"preferredName":"Rectus Abdominis Muscle","code":"C33449","definitions":[{"description":"Two vertically parallel muscles located on the anterior abdominal wall, which originate on the pubic crest and insert on the coastal cartilages of ribs five through seven and the xyphoid process; both muscles function to flex the lumbar spine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectus Abdominis Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12778":{"preferredName":"Renal Artery","code":"C12778","definitions":[{"description":"One of the arteries of the abdomen; in general it arises from the abdominal aorta and supplies blood to the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The main blood vessel that supplies blood to a kidney and its nearby adrenal gland and ureter. There is a renal artery for each kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Either of two arteries (right or left) that arise from the aorta to supply the kidneys.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY, RENAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RENAL ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"renal artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12817":{"preferredName":"Vena Cava","code":"C12817","definitions":[{"description":"The two major veins (caudal or cranial) that carry deoxygenated blood from the body and drain into the right atrium of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A large vein which returns blood from the head, neck and extremities to the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VEIN, VENA CAVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"VENA CAVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vena Cava","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vena Cava","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52560":{"preferredName":"Gluteus Maximus","code":"C52560","definitions":[{"description":"The outermost and largest muscle of the buttocks. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The outermost and largest muscle of the buttocks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLUTEUS MAXIMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gluteus Maximus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12733":{"preferredName":"Iliac Artery","code":"C12733","definitions":[{"description":"An artery of the pelvic region and legs/hindlimbs; in general it arises from the bifurcation of the aorta and branches into the external and internal iliac arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies blood to the lower trunk and the legs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY, ILIAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Iliac Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12734":{"preferredName":"Iliac Vein","code":"C12734","definitions":[{"description":"Veins in the pelvis, which include the common, external and internal iliac veins.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the three veins including the common, external and internal iliac veins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ILIAC VEIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Iliac Vein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iliac Vein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33301":{"preferredName":"Perineum","code":"C33301","definitions":[{"description":"The area located between the anus and vulva in females, and anus and scrotum in males. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The area located between the anus and vulva in females, and anus and scrotum in males.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PERINEUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Perineum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perineum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C32133":{"preferredName":"Aponeurosis","code":"C32133","definitions":[{"description":"A flat, tendon-like membrane that serves to bind muscles or to attach muscles to bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aponeurosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33717":{"preferredName":"Synovial Bursa","code":"C33717","definitions":[{"description":"A membrane-lined sac that is located in a joint, and is filled with synovial fluid; it provides a cushion between bones and tendons and/or muscles, decreasing the friction between two moving structures and allowing for unrestricted movement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Synovial Bursa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13108":{"preferredName":"Fascia","code":"C13108","definitions":[{"description":"A sheet or band of fibrous connective tissue enveloping, separating, or binding together muscles, organs and other soft structures of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sheet or band of fibrous connective tissue enveloping, separating, or binding together muscles, organs, and other soft structures of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FASCIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fascia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Fascia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}]}}{"C129504":{"preferredName":"Fibrous Tissue","code":"C129504","definitions":[{"description":"A tissue composed of bundles of collagenous white fibers between which are rows of connective tissue cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibrous Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25267":{"preferredName":"Lymphatic","code":"C25267","definitions":[{"description":"Of, or relating to, or produced by lymph.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphatic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33718":{"preferredName":"Synovial Fluid","code":"C33718","definitions":[{"description":"The fluid within a joint capsule.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A viscid fluid secreted by the synovial membrane, serving as a lubricant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLUID, SYNOVIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SYNOVIAL FLUID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Synovia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Synovia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovial Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96299":{"preferredName":"Tendon Sheath","code":"C96299","definitions":[{"description":"A membranous sheet that envelops a tendon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sheath that envelops a tendon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TENDON SHEATH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tenosynovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12299":{"preferredName":"Nipple","code":"C12299","definitions":[{"description":"In anatomy, the small raised area in the center of the breast through which milk can flow to the outside.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The protuberance in the skin where the ducts of the mammary gland open.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The pigmented protuberance on the surface of the breast through which milk is drawn from the breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NIPPLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nipple","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nipple","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12368":{"preferredName":"Areola","code":"C12368","definitions":[{"description":"The area of dark-colored skin on the breast that surrounds the nipple.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The pigmented circle or ring of skin that surrounds the nipple.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Areola","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"areola","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12300":{"preferredName":"Central Portion of the Breast","code":"C12300","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the breast which is in the center.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Central Portion of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Portion of the Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12301":{"preferredName":"Upper-Inner Quadrant of the Breast","code":"C12301","definitions":[{"description":"The quarter of the breast which is superior and medial.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Upper-Inner Quadrant of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper-Inner Quadrant of the Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12302":{"preferredName":"Lower-Inner Quadrant of the Breast","code":"C12302","definitions":[{"description":"The quarter of the breast which is inferior and medial.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lower-Inner Quadrant of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower-Inner Quadrant of the Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12303":{"preferredName":"Upper-Outer Quadrant of the Breast","code":"C12303","definitions":[{"description":"The quarter of the breast which is superior and lateral.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Upper-Outer Quadrant of the Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12304":{"preferredName":"Lower-Outer Quadrant of the Breast","code":"C12304","definitions":[{"description":"The quarter of the breast which is inferior and lateral.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lower-Outer Quadrant of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower-Outer Quadrant of the Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12305":{"preferredName":"Axillary Tail of the Breast","code":"C12305","definitions":[{"description":"The superolateral extension of the mammary gland into the axilla that consists of fibroadipose tissue, lymph nodes, and lymphatics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Axillary Process of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axillary Tail of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axillary Tail of the Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tail of Spence","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12367":{"preferredName":"Mammary Gland","code":"C12367","definitions":[{"description":"Glandular organ located on the chest. The mammary gland is made up of connective tissue, fat, and tissue that contains the glands that can make milk.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The exocrine glands of the mammae that produce milk in females, and are composed of lobules, alveolar ducts and alveoli.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"In humans, the glands of the breast, consisting of fibrous tissue connecting the lobes and fatty tissue in between the lobes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, MAMMARY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MAMMARY GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mammary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mammary Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mammary gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C61600":{"preferredName":"Female Genitalia","code":"C61600","definitions":[{"description":"Female internal and external organs of reproduction.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The external female sexual organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FEMALE GENITALIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Female Genitalia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Female Genitalia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12306":{"preferredName":"Labium Majus","code":"C12306","definitions":[{"description":"One of the two longitudinal folds of skin that form the lateral boundary of the vulva.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the two longitudinal folds of skin that form the lateral boundary of the vulva. It extends from the mons pubis to the perineum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LABIUM MAJUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Labia Majora","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Labia Majus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Labium Majus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12675":{"preferredName":"Bartholin Gland","code":"C12675","definitions":[{"description":"The two mucous secreting glands on either side of the vaginal opening.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bartholin Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bartholin's Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12307":{"preferredName":"Labium Minus","code":"C12307","definitions":[{"description":"One of the two longitudinal folds of skin located between the labia majora.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the two longitudinal folds of skin located between the labia majora.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LABIUM MINUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Labia Minora","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Labia Minus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Labium Minus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C52559":{"preferredName":"Labium","code":"C52559","definitions":[{"description":"A part of the external female genitalia consisting of the labia majora and the labia minora.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Labium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33139":{"preferredName":"Mons Pubis","code":"C33139","definitions":[{"description":"A rounded prominence of adipose tissue overlying the pubic symphysis and adjacent pubic bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mons Pubis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33848":{"preferredName":"Vaginal Fornix","code":"C33848","definitions":[{"description":"Any one of the four small recessed areas (anterior, posterior, and two lateral) that are formed between the margin of the cervix and the vaginal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vaginal Fornix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32485":{"preferredName":"Duct of Gartner","code":"C32485","definitions":[{"description":"An embryonic remnant of the mesonephric duct in females that runs parallel to the uterus, cervix and vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duct of Gartner","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32750":{"preferredName":"Hymen","code":"C32750","definitions":[{"description":"Thin membranous tissue that surrounds the vaginal opening.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hymen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12309":{"preferredName":"Endocervix","code":"C12309","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the cervix which is lined by single columnar epithelium (mucosa). (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the cervix which is lined by single columnar epithelium (mucosa).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENDOCERVIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endocervical","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endocervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endocervix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32296":{"preferredName":"Cervical Gland","code":"C32296","definitions":[{"description":"The mucous secreting glands in the cervix.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12310":{"preferredName":"Ectocervix","code":"C12310","definitions":[{"description":"Having to do with the part of the cervix that protrudes into the vagina and is lined with epithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the cervix that extends into the vaginal vault, and is lined with stratified squamous epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ectocervix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exocervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ectocervical","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12312":{"preferredName":"Isthmus Uteri","code":"C12312","definitions":[{"description":"An elongated constriction of the lower part of the uterus, located at the junction of the body of the uterus and the cervix, that is composed principally of smooth muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Isthmus Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isthmus Uteri","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isthmus of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12313":{"preferredName":"Endometrium","code":"C12313","definitions":[{"description":"The layer of tissue that lines the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The mucous membrane comprising the inner layer of the uterine wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The mucous membrane comprising the inner layer of the uterine wall; it consists of a simple columnar epithelium and a lamina propria that contains simple tubular uterine glands. The structure, thickness, and state of the endometrium undergo marked change with the menstrual cycle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENDOMETRIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endometrium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tunica Mucosa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"endometrium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33842":{"preferredName":"Uterine Gland","code":"C33842","definitions":[{"description":"The glands present in the endometrium or inner layer of the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Mucus gland in the endometrium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, ENDOMETRIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Uterine Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32516":{"preferredName":"Endometrial Stroma","code":"C32516","definitions":[{"description":"The layer of connective tissue comprised of the endometrial lining of the uterus which fluctuates in thickness throughout the menstrual cycle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endometrial Stroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12314":{"preferredName":"Myometrium","code":"C12314","definitions":[{"description":"The muscular outer layer of the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The smooth muscle lining the uterus. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The smooth muscle lining the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MYOMETRIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myometrium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"myometrium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12315":{"preferredName":"Fundus Uteri","code":"C12315","definitions":[{"description":"The upper, rounded portion of the uterus that is opposite from the cervix.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper, rounded portion of the uterus which is opposite from the cervix.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FUNDUS UTERI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fundus Uteri","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C92440":{"preferredName":"Mesovarium","code":"C92440","definitions":[{"description":"The peritoneal fold that covers and attaches the ovary to the broad ligament. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The peritoneal fold that covers and attaches the ovary to the broad ligament.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MESOVARIAN LIGAMENTS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesovarian Ligament","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesovarium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C34009":{"preferredName":"Round Ligament of the Uterus","code":"C34009","definitions":[{"description":"A fibrous band extending from the uterine horn to the labium majora via the inguinal canal that maintains the uterus in an anteverted position.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Round Ligament of the Uterus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C61360":{"preferredName":"Uterine Ligament","code":"C61360","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the eight ligaments pertaining to the uterus including the anterior, posterior, lateral, sacro-uterine and round ligaments.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uterine Ligament","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12321":{"preferredName":"Appendage of the Uterus","code":"C12321","definitions":[{"description":"The accessory structures of the uterus, including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, broad ligament, and the ovarian and uterine ligaments.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Appendage of the Uterus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Adnexa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26467":{"preferredName":"Mesonephros","code":"C26467","definitions":[{"description":"The middle one of the three pairs of embryonic renal organs developed in most vertebrates; its duct system is retained in the male as the epididymis and ductus deferens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesonephros","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wolffian Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C26469":{"preferredName":"Mesonephric Duct","code":"C26469","definitions":[{"description":"A duct in the embryo draining the mesonephric tubules.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesonephric Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wolffian Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C61599":{"preferredName":"Male Genitalia","code":"C61599","definitions":[{"description":"Male internal and external organs of reproduction.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The external male sexual organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MALE GENITALIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Male Genital Organ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Male Genital Organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Male Genitalia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Male Genitalia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12324":{"preferredName":"Glans Penis","code":"C12324","definitions":[{"description":"The most distal portion of the penis covered by the foreskin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The rounded, gland-like head of the penis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The most distal portion of the penis covered by the foreskin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glans Penis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PENIS, GLANS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"glans penis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12325":{"preferredName":"Body of the Penis","code":"C12325","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the penis between the glans penis and the radix penis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the penis that extends from the site of attachment to the glans, and which is covered by skin. It is formed by the joining of the two proximal free parts of the corpora cavernosa and the related free part of the corpus spongiosum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Body of Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Body of the Penis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PENIS, BODY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12329":{"preferredName":"Spermatic Cord","code":"C12329","definitions":[{"description":"A cord-like structure in the male reproductive system that contains nerves, blood and lymph vessels, and the vas deferens (a coiled tube that carries sperm out of the testicle). It runs from the abdomen to the testicle, and connects to the testicle in the scrotum (external sac).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tube-like structure composed of the vas deferens and surrounding tissue layers, that runs from the abdomen to each of the testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spermatic Cord","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spermatic Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"spermatic cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"testicular cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33822":{"preferredName":"Tunica Vaginalis","code":"C33822","definitions":[{"description":"The visceral and parietal serous membranes lining the testicular pouch.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Serous membrane that covers the testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TUNICA VAGINALIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tunica Vaginalis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tunica Vaginalis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25225":{"preferredName":"Renal","code":"C25225","definitions":[{"description":"Of or pertaining to the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Renal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C106203":{"preferredName":"Ureteropelvic Junction","code":"C106203","definitions":[{"description":"The area where the ureter joins the renal pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"UPJ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ureteropelvic Junction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12927":{"preferredName":"Renal Calyx","code":"C12927","definitions":[{"description":"An intrarenal space located in the renal medulla that serves to collect and transport urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Renal Calix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Calyces","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Calyx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12331":{"preferredName":"Bladder Trigone","code":"C12331","definitions":[{"description":"The triangular area in the bladder mucosa that is formed by the two ureteral orifices and the urethral orifice. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The triangular area in the bladder mucosa that is formed by the two ureteral orifices and the urethral orifice.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLADDER, TRIGONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bladder Trigone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Trigone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trigone of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trigone of the Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Urinary Bladder Trigone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12332":{"preferredName":"Dome of the Bladder","code":"C12332","definitions":[{"description":"The upper, convex surface of the bladder. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper, convex surface of the bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLADDER, DOME","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dome of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dome of the Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dome of the Bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dome of the Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Superior Surface of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superior Surface of the Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12333":{"preferredName":"Lateral Wall of the Bladder","code":"C12333","definitions":[{"description":"The aspect of the bladder wall that is located on the side.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lateral Wall of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lateral Wall of the Bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12334":{"preferredName":"Anterior Wall of the Bladder","code":"C12334","definitions":[{"description":"The anterior aspect of the bladder wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anterior Wall of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anterior Wall of the Bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12335":{"preferredName":"Posterior Wall of the Bladder","code":"C12335","definitions":[{"description":"The posterior aspect of the bladder wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Posterior Wall of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Posterior Wall of the Bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12336":{"preferredName":"Bladder Neck","code":"C12336","definitions":[{"description":"The inferior portion of the urinary bladder which is formed as the walls of the bladder converge and become contiguous with the proximal urethra. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The inferior portion of the urinary bladder which is formed as the walls of the bladder converge and become contiguous with the proximal urethra.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLADDER, NECK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bladder Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Vesicae","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neck of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neck of the Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12337":{"preferredName":"Ureteric Orifice","code":"C12337","definitions":[{"description":"The opening of the ureter in the bladder that is situated at the lateral angle of the trigone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The opening of the ureter in the bladder that is situated at the lateral angle of the trigone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Orifice of the Ureter","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"URETERIC ORIFICE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ureteral Opening","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ureteric Orifice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uteric Orifice","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12338":{"preferredName":"Urachus","code":"C12338","definitions":[{"description":"A cord of fibrous tissue that extends from the urinary bladder to the umbilicus; the urachus is a remnant of the fetal urinary canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A fibrous cord that connects the urinary bladder to the umbilicus (navel). The urachus is formed as the allantoic stalk during fetal development and lasts through life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cord of fibrous tissue that extends from the urinary bladder to the umbilicus. The urachus is a remnant of the fetal urinary canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"URACHAL TRACT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Urachus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"median umbilical ligament","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"urachus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32395":{"preferredName":"Cowper Gland","code":"C32395","definitions":[{"description":"The exocrine glands of the male reproductive system located at the base of the penis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Paired exocrine glands located at the base of the penis, positioned posterior and lateral to the urethra, that produce and secrete a clear viscous liquid that lubricates the urethra in preparation for the passage of sperm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bulbourethral Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cowper Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cowper's Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cowper's Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLAND, BULBOURETHRAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C63862":{"preferredName":"Prostatic Utricle","code":"C63862","definitions":[{"description":"A small indentation located in the prostatic urethra, at the apex of the urethral crest, on the seminal colliculus, laterally flanked by openings of the ejaculatory ducts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Prostatic Utricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Utricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49311":{"preferredName":"Gland of Littre","code":"C49311","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the glands located at the wall of the urethra of male mammals that produce and secrete mucus, a major component of semen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gland of Littre","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gland of Littré","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periurethral Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urethral Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C61122":{"preferredName":"Skene Gland","code":"C61122","definitions":[{"description":"A gland located in the anterior wall of the vagina that drains into the urethra at the opening.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Paraurethral Skene Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skene Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skene's Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12342":{"preferredName":"Cornea","code":"C12342","definitions":[{"description":"The transparent part of the eye that covers the iris and the pupil and allows light to enter the inside.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The transparent, avascular tissue covering the front of the eye and is continuous with the sclera.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A dome-shaped, transparent, avascular tissue covering the front of the eye. It is composed of five layers: squamous epithelium, Bowman's membrane, stroma, Descemet's membrane, and endothelium. Refraction of light contributing to eye's focusing ability is its characteristic function. It contains unmyelinated nerve endings which are responsible for the high sensitivity of the tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CORNEA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cornea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EYE, CORNEA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Human Cornea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"cornea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12823":{"preferredName":"Corneoscleral Limbus","code":"C12823","definitions":[{"description":"The transitional zone where the cornea becomes continuous with the sclera.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Corneal Limbus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Corneoscleral Limbus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12344":{"preferredName":"Choroid","code":"C12344","definitions":[{"description":"A blood vessel-containing membrane of the eye that lies between the retina and the sclera. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A thin layer of tissue that is part of the middle layer of the wall of the eye, between the sclera (white outer layer of the eye) and the retina (the inner layer of nerve tissue at the back of the eye). The choriod is filled with blood vessels that bring oxygen and nutrients to the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A blood vessel-containing membrane of the eye that lies between the retina and the sclera.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHOROID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Choroid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EYE, CHOROID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"choroid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12345":{"preferredName":"Ciliary Body","code":"C12345","definitions":[{"description":"A part of the middle layer of the wall of the eye. The ciliary body includes the ring-shaped muscle that changes the size of the pupil and the shape of the lens when the eye focuses. It also makes the fluid that fills the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Circumferential tissue located behind the iris and composed of muscle and epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Tissue located behind the iris and composed of muscle and epithelium. Its functions include the production of aqueous humor and changing the shape of the crystalline lens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CILIARY BODY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ciliary Body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EYE, CILIARY BODY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ciliary body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12743":{"preferredName":"Lens","code":"C12743","definitions":[{"description":"A clear disk that focuses light, as in a camera or microscope. In the eye, the lens is a clear, curved structure at the front of the eye behind the pupil. It focuses light rays that enter the eye through the pupil, making an image on the retina (light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of the eye).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The structure of the eye through which light is focused onto the retina.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A biconvex transparent structure of the eye through which light is focused on the retina. The lens sits behind the iris and is supported by the zonule, which connects it to the ciliary body. The lens is an avascular structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Crystalline Lens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Crystalline Lens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EYE, LENS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LENS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lens","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lens of Eye","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ocular Lens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ocular Lens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lens","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C38255":{"preferredName":"Intraocular Route of Administration","code":"C38255","definitions":[{"description":"Administration of a medicinal product into the eye. The term 'intraocular use' is only for use when a more specific term (e.g. 'intracameral use', 'intravitreal use') does not apply. Ocular use and subconjunctival use are excluded.","attr":null,"defSource":"EDQM-HC"},{"description":"Administration within the eye. (FDA)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Administration of a drug within the eye. Intraocular drugs are almost always used for their local effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I-OCUL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"I-OCUL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTRAOCULAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"INTRAOCULAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intraocular","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraocular Route of Administration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraocular use","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"EDQM-HC"}]}}{"C12737":{"preferredName":"Iris","code":"C12737","definitions":[{"description":"The colored tissue at the front of the eye that contains the pupil in the center. The iris helps control the size of the pupil to let more or less light into the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tissue in the eye that separates the anterior chamber from the posterior chamber.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The colored disc of the eye composed of connective tissue, epithelium, and endothelium. It separates the anterior chamber from the posterior chamber.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EYE, IRIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"IRIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Iris","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iris","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12784":{"preferredName":"Sclera","code":"C12784","definitions":[{"description":"The fibrous, outer tunic of the eyeball that is continuous with the cornea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The white layer of the eye that covers most of the outside of the eyeball.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The white, opaque, fibrous, outer tunic of the eyeball, covering it entirely excepting the segment covered anteriorly by the cornea. It is essentially avascular but contains apertures for vessels, lymphatics, and nerves. It receives the tendons of insertion of the extraocular muscles and at the corneoscleral junction contains the canal of Schlemm. (From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EYE, SCLERA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Human Sclera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SCLERA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sclera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"White of Eye","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sclera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12811":{"preferredName":"Uvea","code":"C12811","definitions":[{"description":"The middle layer of the wall of the eye. The uvea has 3 main parts: (1) the choroid (the tissue layer filled with blood vessels); (2) the ciliary body (the ring of muscle tissue that changes the size of the pupil and the shape of the lens); and (3) the iris (the colored part of the eye).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The pigmented layer of the eyeball between the tough, white outer coat of the eye and the retina. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The pigmented layer of the eyeball between the tough, white outer coat of the eye and the retina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Iris, Ciliary Body and Choroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tunica Vasculosa of Eyeball","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UVEA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Uvea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uvea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Uveal Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"uvea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"uveal tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C32909":{"preferredName":"Lacrimal Sac","code":"C32909","definitions":[{"description":"An oval shaped cavity at the upper extremity of the nasal duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lacrimal Sac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33161":{"preferredName":"Nasolacrimal Duct","code":"C33161","definitions":[{"description":"A duct that conveys tears from the eye to the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tube-like structure that conveys tears from the lacrimal sac to the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DUCT, NASOLACRIMAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nasolacrimal Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33199":{"preferredName":"Oculomotor Muscle","code":"C33199","definitions":[{"description":"A group of muscles in the orbit extending from the posterior orbit to the eye and upper eyelid; primary function is the movement of the eye and retraction of the upper eyelid.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A group of six muscles that are responsible for moving the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Extraocular Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, EXTRAOCULAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oculomotor Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oculomotor Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12349":{"preferredName":"Cerebral Meninges","code":"C12349","definitions":[{"description":"The membranes that envelop and protect the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebral Meninges","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49332":{"preferredName":"Brain Dura Mater","code":"C49332","definitions":[{"description":"The outermost, toughest, and most fibrous of the membranes (meninges) that surround and protect the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brain Dura Mater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Dura Mater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}]}}{"C32584":{"preferredName":"Falx Cerebelli","code":"C32584","definitions":[{"description":"A small triangular process of dura matter beginning at the internal occipital crest just beneath the tentorium and projecting forward.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Falx Cerebelli","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12890":{"preferredName":"Falx Cerebri","code":"C12890","definitions":[{"description":"A double-fold of dura mater that lies within the medial longitudinal fissure, and which separates the two cerebral hemispheres. It is attached rostrally to the crista galli and caudally to the surface of the tentorium cerebelli.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebral Falx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Falx Cerebri","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Falx of Cerebrum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33749":{"preferredName":"Tentorium Cerebelli","code":"C33749","definitions":[{"description":"A laminar extension of the dura mater that lies between, and separates, the cerebrum and the cerebellum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A dural partition that separates the occipital lobes of the cerebrum from the cerebellum and divides the cranial cavity into supratentorial and infratentorial compartments; it helps to stabilize the brain within the cranial cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TENTORIUM CEREBELLI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tentorium Cerebelli","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12350":{"preferredName":"Spinal Meninges","code":"C12350","definitions":[{"description":"Connective tissue membranes that surround and support the spinal cord and cauda equina. They are continuous with cranial meninges, which surround and support the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spinal Meninges","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spinal Meninx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49799":{"preferredName":"Spinal Cord Dura Mater","code":"C49799","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spinal Cord Dura Mater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32488":{"preferredName":"Dura Mater","code":"C32488","definitions":[{"description":"The outermost, toughest, and most fibrous of the three membranes (meninges) that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dura Mater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33321":{"preferredName":"Pia Mater","code":"C33321","definitions":[{"description":"The delicate, highly vascular, innermost membrane encasing the brain and spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pia Mater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12447":{"preferredName":"Basal Ganglia","code":"C12447","definitions":[{"description":"Clusters of neurons comprising the globus pallidus, putamen, caudate, nucleus accumbens, substantia nigra and subthalamic nucleus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Clusters of neurons comprising the globus pallidus, putamen, caudate, nucleus accumbens, substantia nigra and subthalamic nucleus. They are involved with high level aspects of inhibitory motor activity in coordination with the excitation commands issued from the cerebellum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BASAL GANGLIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"BRAIN, BASAL GANGLIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Basal Ganglia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49347":{"preferredName":"Cerebral White Matter","code":"C49347","definitions":[{"description":"A type of brain tissue in the cerebrum consisting of myelinated axons and glial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebral White Matter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12448":{"preferredName":"Corpus Striatum","code":"C12448","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the brain consisting of the neostriatum and globus pallidus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The striped grey and white matter that comprises the caudate and the lentiform nuclei, and is located anterior and lateral to the thalamus in each hemisphere of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CORPUS STRIATUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Corpus Striatum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Striate Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Striate Nucleus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Striatum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12449":{"preferredName":"Globus Pallidus","code":"C12449","definitions":[{"description":"Paired nuclei at the base of the forebrain that, along with the putamen, form the lentiform nucleus of the basal ganglia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sub-cortical, paired nuclei that, though migrated to the telencephalon, is a critical part of the basal ganglia, along with the caudate nucleus and the putamen, the latter of which it joins to form the lentiform nucleus. Each nucleus is subdivided into internal and external parts, called globus pallidus interna and globus pallidus externa, which are separated by an internal medullary lamina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLOBUS PALLIDUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Globus Pallidus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12458":{"preferredName":"Hypothalamus","code":"C12458","definitions":[{"description":"A small region of the brain composed of multiple nuclei and located underneath the thalamus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The area of the brain that controls body temperature, hunger, and thirst.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An important supervisory center in the brain, rich in ganglia, nerve fibers, and synaptic connections. It is composed of several sections called nuclei, each of which controls a specific function. The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, blood pressure, heartbeat, metabolism of fats and carbohydrates, and sugar levels in the blood. Through direct attachment to the pituitary gland, the hypothalamus also meters secretions controlling water balance and milk production in the female. The role of the hypothalamus in awareness of pleasure and pain is well established in the laboratory. It is involved in the expression of emotions, such as fear and rage, and in sexual behaviors. Despite its numerous vital functions, the hypothalamus in humans accounts for only 1/300 of total brain weight, and is about the size of an almond. Structurally, it is joined to the thalamus; the two work together to monitor the sleep-wake cycle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, HYPOTHALAMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HYPOTHALAMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypothalamus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hypothalamus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13082":{"preferredName":"Internal Capsule","code":"C13082","definitions":[{"description":"A white matter structure in the subcortical region of the brain that contains a high concentration of motor and sensory projection nerve fibers. It consists of the anterior limb, genu, posterior limb, and the retrolentiform and sublentiform parts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Internal Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12452":{"preferredName":"Putamen","code":"C12452","definitions":[{"description":"The grey matter, located between the globus pallidus and the external capsule of the brain, that comprises the lateral dorsal striatum of the basal ganglia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A structure located in the middle of the brain. The putamen is part of the basal ganglia and together with the caudate forms the striatum that influences motor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PUTAMEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Putamen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Putamen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12512":{"preferredName":"Supratentorial Brain","code":"C12512","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the brain above the tentorium cerebellum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the brain that is located superior to the tentorium cerebelli.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SUPRATENTORIAL BRAIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Supratentorial Anatomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supratentorial Brain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supratentorial Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12459":{"preferredName":"Thalamus","code":"C12459","definitions":[{"description":"An area of the brain that helps process information from the senses and transmit it to other parts of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the diencephalon forming most of each lateral wall of the third ventricle.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An ovoid mass composed predominantly of gray substance and associated laminae of white substance. The thalamus is divided into anterior, medial, and lateral parts. The function of the thalamus is to relay sensory impulses and cerebellar and basal ganglia projections to the cerebral cortex. The thalamus is positioned within the posterior part of the diencephalon forming most of each lateral wall of the third ventricle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, THALAMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dorsal Thalamus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THALAMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thalamus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"thalamus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C126737":{"preferredName":"Frontal Pole","code":"C126737","definitions":[{"description":"The anterior pointed end of a cerebral hemisphere.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Frontal Pole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Frontal pole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33831":{"preferredName":"Uncus","code":"C33831","definitions":[{"description":"The anterior-most portion of the parahippocampal gyrus; it is part of the piriform cortex of the olfactory system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uncus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12354":{"preferredName":"Parietal Lobe","code":"C12354","definitions":[{"description":"One of the lobes of the cerebral hemisphere located superiorly to the occipital lobe and posteriorly to the frontal lobe. Cognition and visuospatial processing are its main function. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the lobes of the cerebral hemisphere located superiorly to the occipital lobe and posteriorly to the frontal lobe. Cognition and visuospatial processing are its main functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PARIETAL LOBE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Parietal Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parietal Lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parietal Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Parietal Lobe of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12356":{"preferredName":"Brain Ventricle","code":"C12356","definitions":[{"description":"The four connected cavities (hollow spaces) centrally located within the brain that connect posteriorly with the central canal of the spinal cord. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The four connected cavities (hollow spaces) centrally located within the brain that connect posteriorly with the central canal of the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN VENTRICLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brain Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brain Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ventricle of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricle, Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricles, Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32309":{"preferredName":"Choroid Plexus of the Lateral Ventricle","code":"C32309","definitions":[{"description":"A vascular fringe projecting from the choroidal fissure into each lateral ventricle where cerebrospinal fluid is produced.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Choroid Plexus of the Lateral Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49782":{"preferredName":"Choroid Plexus of the Third Ventricle","code":"C49782","definitions":[{"description":"Two rows of vascular fringes projecting from the underside of the tela choroidea where it exists over the third ventricle where cerebrospinal fluid is produced.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Choroid Plexus of the Third Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12694":{"preferredName":"Choroid Plexus","code":"C12694","definitions":[{"description":"Blood vessels and ependyma forming villous structures in the ventricles of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Blood vessels forming villous structures in the third, fourth, and lateral ventricles of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, CHOROID PLEXUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CHOROID PLEXUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C13078":{"preferredName":"Ependyma","code":"C13078","definitions":[{"description":"A thin membrane that lines the fluid-filled spaces in the brain and spinal cord. It is made up of a type of glial cell called an ependymal cell.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A thin membrane that lines the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ependyma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ependymal Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ependyma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12834":{"preferredName":"Lateral Ventricle","code":"C12834","definitions":[{"description":"The rostral extensions of the ventricular system of the brain consisting of two cavities, one on each side of the brain within the central regions of each cerebral hemisphere. Cerebrospinal fluid flows from the lateral ventricles into the centrally third ventricle via the foramen of Monroe. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The rostral extensions of the ventricular system of the brain consisting of two cavities, one on each side of the brain within the central regions of each cerebral hemisphere. Cerebrospinal fluid flows from the lateral ventricles into the centrally third ventricle via the foramen of Monroe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN VENTRICLE, LATERAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lateral Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lateral Ventricle of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lateral Ventricles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricle, Lateral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricles, Lateral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12827":{"preferredName":"Third Ventricle","code":"C12827","definitions":[{"description":"A centrally placed component of the ventricular system of the brain that is located in the diencephalon; the thalamus and the hypothalamus border the third ventricle.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A centrally placed component of the ventricular system of the brain located in the diencephalon. Cerebrospinal fluid from the lateral ventricles flows into the third ventricle via the foramina of Monroe and exits the third ventricle via the aqueduct of Sylvius. The thalamus and hypothalamus border the lateral walls of the third ventricle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, THIRD VENTRICLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Third Cerebral Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Third Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Third Ventricle of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricle, Third","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54057":{"preferredName":"Cerebellopontine Angle","code":"C54057","definitions":[{"description":"A region of the brain at the junction of the pons, cerebellum, and medulla. It is a frequent site of tumor formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebellopontine Angle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33866":{"preferredName":"Vermis","code":"C33866","definitions":[{"description":"A medial narrow structure connecting the two hemispheres of the cerebellum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vermis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vermis of Cerebelli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32291":{"preferredName":"Cerebral Peduncle","code":"C32291","definitions":[{"description":"A region of the brain encompassing the crus cerebri and the midbrain tegmentum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebral Peduncle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32308":{"preferredName":"Choroid Plexus of the Fourth Ventricle","code":"C32308","definitions":[{"description":"Two vascular fringes, one on each side of the lower part of the roof of the fourth ventricle where cerebrospinal fluid is produced.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Choroid Plexus of the Fourth Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12828":{"preferredName":"Fourth Ventricle","code":"C12828","definitions":[{"description":"A diamond-shaped cavity filled with cerebrospinal fluid within the pons extending between the obex in the caudal medulla and the aqueduct of Sylvius in the cerebellum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fourth Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fourth Ventricle of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fourth Ventricle of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12509":{"preferredName":"Infratentorial Brain","code":"C12509","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the brain below the tentorium cerebellum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A region in the brain that is located below the tentorium cerebelli and contains the cerebellum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INFRATENTORIAL BRAIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Infratentorial Anatomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infratentorial Brain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infratentorial Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12442":{"preferredName":"Medulla Oblongata","code":"C12442","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the brainstem between the pons and cervical spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower portion of the brainstem located between the pons and brainstem. This structure contains several descending and ascending tracts, lower cranial nerve nuclei, a significant proportion of the reticular system of the brainstem and other structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, MEDULLA OBLONGATA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MEDULLA OBLONGATA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medulla Oblongata","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelencephalon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12510":{"preferredName":"Mesencephalon","code":"C12510","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the brainstem between the pons and diencephalon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The uppermost portion of the brainstem located between the pons and the diencephalon. The midbrain contains the cerebral peduncles, oculomotor, trochlear and red nuclei, substantia nigra and various other nuclei and tracts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, MIDBRAIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MIDBRAIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesencephalon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesencephalon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mid-brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Midbrain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12511":{"preferredName":"Pons Varolii","code":"C12511","definitions":[{"description":"Part of the central nervous system, located at the base of the brain, between the medulla oblongata and the midbrain. It is part of the brainstem.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the brainstem between the midbrain and medulla oblongata.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The middle portion of the brainstem located between the midbrain and the medulla oblongata. The fourth ventricle lies dorsal to the pons which also contains the motor trigeminal nuclei and the abducens nuclei. The cerebellum contributes a large number of afferent fibers to the pons.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, PONS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PONS VAROLII","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pons","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pons Cerebelli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pons Varolii","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pons Varolii","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"pons","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12446":{"preferredName":"Corpus Callosum","code":"C12446","definitions":[{"description":"A white matter structure within the brain that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A white matter structure within the cleft that separates the left and right cerebral hemispheres in the mammalian brain. It is composed of a wide, flat bundle of 200-250 million axonal projections.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, CORPUS CALLOSUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CORPUS CALLOSUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Corpus Callosum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32090":{"preferredName":"Anterior Cranial Fossa","code":"C32090","definitions":[{"description":"The internal area of the skull that holds the frontal lobes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anterior Cranial Fossa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33117":{"preferredName":"Middle Cranial Fossa","code":"C33117","definitions":[{"description":"A depression of the skull base lying posterior and inferior to the anterior cranial fossa and separated from the posterior cranial fossa by the clivus and the petrous crest. It supports the temporal lobes of the cerebrum and the pituitary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Middle Cranial Fossa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33361":{"preferredName":"Posterior Cranial Fossa","code":"C33361","definitions":[{"description":"The infratentorial compartment of the cranial cavity. Its boundaries are formed by the sphenoid bone, temporal bone, and parietal bone, and it contains the cerebellum and brain stem.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Posterior Cranial Fossa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Posterior Cranial Fossa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C42602":{"preferredName":"Suprasellar Region","code":"C42602","definitions":[{"description":"The area above or over the sella turcica.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Suprasellar","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Suprasellar Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12832":{"preferredName":"Conus Medullaris","code":"C12832","definitions":[{"description":"The terminal, cone-shaped end of the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Conus Medullaris","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12689":{"preferredName":"Cauda Equina","code":"C12689","definitions":[{"description":"The collection of spinal nerve roots, arising from lumbar pairs two through five, sacral pairs one through five, and the coccygeal nerve, that branch off the conus medularis at the termination of the spinal cord, and float freely within the lumbar cistern before exiting the spinal column at the appropriate vertebra.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cauda Equina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12759":{"preferredName":"Olfactory Nerve","code":"C12759","definitions":[{"description":"The first cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The first cranial nerve. It is the shortest cranial nerve and of paramount importance in the sense of smell. Its neurons are in the olfactory mucosa in the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cranial Nerve I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"First Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLFACTORY NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Olfactory Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12761":{"preferredName":"Optic Nerve","code":"C12761","definitions":[{"description":"A cranial nerve extending between the retina and optic chiasma, which innervates the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The nerve that carries messages from the retina to the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The second cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NERVE, OPTIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"OPTIC NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Optic Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Second Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Second Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"optic nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C90609":{"preferredName":"Optic Chiasm","code":"C90609","definitions":[{"description":"The place in the brain where some of the optic nerve fibers coming from one eye cross optic nerve fibers from the other eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An anatomic structure formed by the crossing of the two optic nerves under the hypothalamus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Optic Chiasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"optic chiasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"optic chiasma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C33218":{"preferredName":"Optic Tract","code":"C33218","definitions":[{"description":"The nerves that travel from the optic chiasm (place in the brain where some of the optic nerve fibers cross) into certain parts of the brain involved in vision.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A continuation of the optic nerves just dorsal to the optic chiasm, formed by temporal fibers of the ipsilateral optic nerve and nasal fibers of the contralateral optic nerve, that carries axons to nuclei within the thalamus and relays visual information to the primary visual cortex of the occipital lobe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Optic Tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"optic tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12697":{"preferredName":"Cochlear Nerve","code":"C12697","definitions":[{"description":"The cochlear portion of cranial nerve VIII (the vestibulocochlear nerve), which transmits auditory sensory impulses to the cochlear nucleus in the brainstem.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acoustic Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cochlear Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cochlear Root of Acoustic Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cochlear Root of Eighth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12665":{"preferredName":"Abducens Nerve","code":"C12665","definitions":[{"description":"The sixth cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A cranial nerve that supplies motor impulses to the lateral rectus muscle of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABDUCENS NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Abducens Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cranial Nerve VI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nervus Abducens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sixth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32041":{"preferredName":"Accessory Nerve","code":"C32041","definitions":[{"description":"The eleventh cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The 11th cranial nerve, which sends motor impulses to the muscles of the upper thorax, back, shoulders, and pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACCESSORY NERVE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Accessory Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRANIAL ACCESSORY NERVE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eleventh Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPINAL ACCESSORY NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Spinal Accessory Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12714":{"preferredName":"Facial Nerve","code":"C12714","definitions":[{"description":"A cranial nerve extending from the brain stem between the pons and medulla, which innervates the facial muscles, glands and the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cranial nerve VII, which originates in the brainstem between the pons and the medulla. It controls the facial expression muscles and transports taste and sensation from the tongue and mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FACIAL NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Facial Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NERVE, FACIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Seventh Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Seventh Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12723":{"preferredName":"Glossopharyngeal Nerve","code":"C12723","definitions":[{"description":"The ninth cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The ninth cranial nerve. It originates in the brainstem and passes through the jugular foramen. It has motor and sensory functions that relate to the tongue, pharynx and middle ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cranial Nerve IX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Glossopharyngeal Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nervus Glossopharyngeus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ninth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12732":{"preferredName":"Hypoglossal Nerve","code":"C12732","definitions":[{"description":"The twelfth cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The twelfth cranial nerve. It arises from the hypoglossal nucleus and leads to the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypoglossal Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Twelfth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12758":{"preferredName":"Oculomotor Nerve","code":"C12758","definitions":[{"description":"The third cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The third cranial nerve that originates originating at the oculomotor nerve nucleus at the level of the superior colliculus in the midbrain, provides motor innervation to the levator palpebrae superioris, the superior, inferior, and medial rectus muscles, and the inferior oblique muscles, and provides parasympathetic innervation to the ciliary ganglion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cranial Nerve III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCULOMOTOR NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oculomotor Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Third Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12806":{"preferredName":"Trigeminal Nerve","code":"C12806","definitions":[{"description":"A cranial nerve extending from the pons, which innervates the skin, mucous membranes, and masticatory muscles of the head.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The main sensory nerve of the head and face, and the motor nerve of the muscles used in chewing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The fifth set of paired nerves of the face that emerge from the brain steam. These nerves have sensory and motor functions in the face, oral cavity, and nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cranial Nerve V","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fifth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fifth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NERVE, TRIGEMINAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nervus Trigeminus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIGEMINAL NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trigeminal Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fifth cranial nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"trigeminal nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12808":{"preferredName":"Trochlear Nerve","code":"C12808","definitions":[{"description":"The cranial nerve that controls the superior oblique muscle of the eye. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The cranial nerve that controls the superior oblique muscle of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cranial Nerve IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fourth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TROCHLEAR NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trochlear Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trochlear Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12812":{"preferredName":"Vagus Nerve","code":"C12812","definitions":[{"description":"A cranial nerve arising from the medulla oblongata, which provides efferent parasympathetic innervation to tissues and viscera in the neck, thorax and abdomen; it also includes somatic and visceral afferent nerve fibers.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The tenth cranial nerve. It is the longest cranial nerve. It originates in the medulla and exits the cranium through the jugular foramen. It supplies various muscles, including muscles of the pharynx and soft palate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cranial Nerve X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NERVE, VAGUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pneumogastric Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tenth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tenth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAGUS NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vagus Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12755":{"preferredName":"Nervous System","code":"C12755","definitions":[{"description":"The organized network of nerve tissue in the body. It includes the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord), the peripheral nervous system (nerves that extend from the spinal cord to the rest of the body), and other nerve tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The entire nerve apparatus, composed of a central part, the brain and spinal cord, and a peripheral part, the cranial and spinal nerves, autonomic ganglia, and plexuses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Body System, Neurologic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nervous System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurologic Body System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurologic Organ System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ System, Neurologic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nervous system","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C49783":{"preferredName":"Thyroglossal Duct","code":"C49783","definitions":[{"description":"A tube-like structure present in the developing embryo that connects the area in which the thyroid gland initially develops, the oropharynx, to the final position of the thyroid gland in the newborn. This structure normally atrophies prior to birth but may persist in some cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thyroglossal Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12396":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex","code":"C12396","definitions":[{"description":"The outer part of the adrenal gland (a small organ on top of each kidney). The adrenal cortex makes androgen and corticosteroid hormones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The outer region of the adrenal gland consisting of the zona glomerulosa, the zona fasciculata, and the zona reticularis. The adrenal cortex produces and secretes mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and adrenal androgens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortex of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortical","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"adrenal cortex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12397":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Medulla","code":"C12397","definitions":[{"description":"The inner part of the adrenal gland (a small organ on top of each kidney). The adrenal medulla makes chemicals such as epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) which are involved in sending nerve signals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The inner region of the adrenal gland. The adrenal medulla produces, stores, and secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Medulla","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Medulla","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulla of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"adrenal medulla","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C12497":{"preferredName":"Sella Turcica","code":"C12497","definitions":[{"description":"A depression of the bone at the base of the skull where the pituitary gland is located.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bony prominence situated on the upper surface of the body of the sphenoid bone housing the pituitary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sella Turcica","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sella turcica","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C34281":{"preferredName":"Rathke Pouch","code":"C34281","definitions":[{"description":"A tubular outgrowth of ectoderm from the stomodeum of the embryo; it grows dorsad toward the infundibular process of the diencephalon, around which it forms a cup-like mass, giving rise to the pars distalis and pars juxtaneuralis of the hypophysis.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Craniopharyngeal Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypophyseal Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Diverticulum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rathke Pouch","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rathke's Diverticulum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rathke's Pocket","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12357":{"preferredName":"Craniopharyngeal Duct","code":"C12357","definitions":[{"description":"The slender tubular part of the hypophysial diverticulum; the stalk of Rathke's pocket.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bucconeural Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Craniopharyngeal Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypophysial Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C94826":{"preferredName":"Paraganglion","code":"C94826","definitions":[{"description":"A collection of cells that came from embryonic nervous tissue, and are found near the adrenal glands and some blood vessels and nerves. Most paraganglia secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cluster of chromaffin cells derived from the neuroectoderm and located adjacent to the adrenal gland, nerves, and blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromaffin Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"paraganglia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C13070":{"preferredName":"Cheek","code":"C13070","definitions":[{"description":"The soft tissue on the lateral aspects of the face, generally bounded by the eyes, nose, ear, and jaw line.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fleshy part of the face bounded by the eyes, nose, ear, and jaw line.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHEEK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cheek","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12756":{"preferredName":"Nose","code":"C12756","definitions":[{"description":"A structure of special sense serving as an organ of the sense of smell and as an entrance to the respiratory tract. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A structure of special sense serving as an organ of the sense of smell and as an entrance to the respiratory tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NOSE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nose","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C25329":{"preferredName":"Supraclavicular","code":"C25329","definitions":[{"description":"Positioned above the clavicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Supraclavicular","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supraclavicular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C25268":{"preferredName":"Infraclavicular Region","code":"C25268","definitions":[{"description":"The region below the clavicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infraclavicular","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infraclavicular Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infraclavicular Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103455":{"preferredName":"Ischiorectal Fossa","code":"C103455","definitions":[{"description":"A tetrahedral region of adipose tissue located in the ischiorectal region with its base between the tuberosity of the ischium and the lower end of the rectum and its apex at the point where the obturator fascia and the Levator ani membrane divide.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tetrahedral region of adipose tissue located in the ischiorectal region with its base between the tuberosity of the ischium and the lower end of the rectum and its apex at the point where the obturator fascia and the Levator ani membrane divide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ISCHIORECTAL FOSSA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ischioanal Fossa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ischiorectal Fossa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12671":{"preferredName":"Upper Extremity","code":"C12671","definitions":[{"description":"The region of the body that extends distal to the scapulohumeral joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The region of the body that includes the arm, the forearm, and hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FORELIMB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LIMB, UPPER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Upper Extremity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper Extremity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper Extremity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Upper Limb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C111032":{"preferredName":"Antecubital Region","code":"C111032","definitions":[{"description":"The area of the body that is anterior to the elbow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antecubital Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antecubital Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antecubital Space","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C111033":{"preferredName":"Carpal Region","code":"C111033","definitions":[{"description":"The area of the body located between the antebrachial and metacarpal regions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carpal Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wrist Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12742":{"preferredName":"Lower Extremity","code":"C12742","definitions":[{"description":"The limb that is composed of the hip, thigh, leg and foot. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The limb that is composed of the hip, thigh, leg and foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LIMB, LOWER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lower Extremity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower Extremity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lower Limb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33788":{"preferredName":"Toe","code":"C33788","definitions":[{"description":"One of the terminal digits of the foot. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the terminal digits of the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TOE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Toe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C147919":{"preferredName":"Ill-Defined Anatomic Site","code":"C147919","definitions":[{"description":"An anatomic site that is not specified or defined well enough to associate with a specific site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ill-Defined Anatomic Site","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ill-Defined Site","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C93028":{"preferredName":"Flank","code":"C93028","definitions":[{"description":"The region on either side of the body that extends from the last rib to the hip.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The region on either side of the body that extends from the last rib to the hip.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLANK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Flank","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12358":{"preferredName":"Head and Neck Lymph Node","code":"C12358","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph nodes found within the head and neck region of the body, which drain into the deep cervical nodes, either directly or indirectly. These include the occipital, mastoid, parotid, facial, retropharyngeal, submandibular, submental, lingual and cervical lymph nodes. Any lymph node located in the head or neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Head and Neck Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Node of Head, Face and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Nodes of Head, Face and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103429":{"preferredName":"Preauricular Lymph Node","code":"C103429","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located anterior to the auricle of the ear. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located anterior to the auricle of the ear. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PREAURICULAR LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Preauricular Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C77649":{"preferredName":"Retropharyngeal Lymph Node","code":"C77649","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in the retropharyngeal space.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the retropharyngeal space behind the upper part of the pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, RETROPHARYNGEAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RETROPHARYNGEAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Retropharyngeal Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Suprapharyngeal Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Suprapharyngeal Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C92434":{"preferredName":"Sublingual Lymph Node","code":"C92434","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) adjacent to the tongue in the floor of the oral cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located under the tongue in the floor of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, SUBLINGUAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sublingual Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12359":{"preferredName":"Intrathoracic Lymph Node","code":"C12359","definitions":[{"description":"Any lymph node within the thoracic cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any lymph node within the thoracic cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INTRATHORACIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intra-Thoracic Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intrathoracic Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intrathoracic Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intrathoracic Lymph Nodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32232":{"preferredName":"Bronchial Lymph Node","code":"C32232","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) adjacent to the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Lymph node located in the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bronchial Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, BRONCHIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C132391":{"preferredName":"Diaphragmatic Lymph Node","code":"C132391","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node located adjacent to the diaphragm.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Lymph node located adjacent to the diaphragm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIAPHRAGMATIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Diaphragmatic Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C77652":{"preferredName":"Intercostal Lymph Node","code":"C77652","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in the intercostal space.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the intercostal space of the thoracic wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intercostal Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, INTERCOSTAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C98187":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Hilar Lymph Node","code":"C98187","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in the hilum of the lung within the mediastinum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the hilum of the lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HILAR LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hilar Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Hilar Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Hilar Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33769":{"preferredName":"Thoracic Lymph Node","code":"C33769","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node located in the thoracic cavity. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Lymph node located in the thoracic cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"THORACIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thoracic Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103426":{"preferredName":"Paratracheal Lymph Node","code":"C103426","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located adjacent to the trachea within the mediastinum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located adjacent to the trachea within the mediastinum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PARATRACHEAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Paratracheal Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C77651":{"preferredName":"Tracheobronchial Lymph Node","code":"C77651","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) adjacent to the bifurcation of the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located near the bifurcation of the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, TRACHEOBRONCHIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tracheobronchial Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12360":{"preferredName":"Intra-Abdominal Lymph Node","code":"C12360","definitions":[{"description":"Any lymph node within the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any lymph node within the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABDOMINAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intra-Abdominal Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intra-Abdominal Lymph Nodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65166":{"preferredName":"Celiac Lymph Node","code":"C65166","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node at the base of the celiac artery. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node at the base of the celiac artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CELIAC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Celiac Axis Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Celiac Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Celiac Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C92222":{"preferredName":"Gastric Lymph Node","code":"C92222","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) adjacent to the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node along the left gastric artery or greater omentum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, GASTRIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C77640":{"preferredName":"Hepatic Lymph Node","code":"C77640","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) adjacent to the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the lymph nodes adjacent to the stomach and duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HEPATIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatic Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, HEPATIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C118775":{"preferredName":"Aortocaval Lymph Node","code":"C118775","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in the area between the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the area between the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AORTOCAVAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Aortocaval Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C77642":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Lymph Node","code":"C77642","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in or adjacent to the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node of the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, PANCREATIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PERIPANCREATIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C77645":{"preferredName":"Portal Lymph Node","code":"C77645","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) adjacent to the portal vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Lymph nodes surrounding the portal vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, PORTAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PORTAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Periportal Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Portal Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C33600":{"preferredName":"Splenic Hilar Lymph Node","code":"C33600","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in the hilar region of the spleen. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the hilar region of the spleen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SPLENIC HILAR LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Splenic Hilar Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Hilar Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C92221":{"preferredName":"Brachial Lymph Node","code":"C92221","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) adjacent to the brachial vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An axillary lymph node along the brachial vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRACHIAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brachial Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brachial Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, BRACHIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C120322":{"preferredName":"Pectoral Lymph Node","code":"C120322","definitions":[{"description":"An axillary lymph node located along the lower edge of the pectoralis minor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pectoral Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C12362":{"preferredName":"Lymph Node of Inguinal Region or Leg","code":"C12362","definitions":[{"description":"Any lymph node that is located in the inguinal region or in either leg.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node of Inguinal Region or Leg","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Nodes of Inguinal Region or Leg","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C88142":{"preferredName":"Internal Iliac Lymph Node","code":"C88142","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located along the internal iliac artery. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located along the internal iliac artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INTERNAL ILIAC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Internal Iliac Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Internal Iliac Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32761":{"preferredName":"Iliac Lymph Node","code":"C32761","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) adjacent to the iliac vessels in the iliosacral region and cranial to the iliofemoral lymph node.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the three lymph nodes of the pelvis: the superior gluteal, interior gluteal or sacral.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ILIAC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Iliac Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iliac Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, ILIAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C88141":{"preferredName":"Obturator Lymph Node","code":"C88141","definitions":[{"description":"A pelvic lymph node located along the obturator artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Obturator Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C77647":{"preferredName":"Sacral Lymph Node","code":"C77647","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in the sacral region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the sacral region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, SACRAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sacral Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48322":{"preferredName":"Primary Site Unknown","code":"C48322","definitions":[{"description":"Referring to the fact that the original site of growth of a metastatic cancer is unknown or uncertain. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Referring to the fact that the original site of growth of a metastatic cancer is unknown or uncertain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Primary Site Unknown","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SITE, UNCERTAIN PRIMARY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C150701":{"preferredName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Monostotic","code":"C150701","definitions":[{"description":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting as a solitary lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Monostotic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C150702":{"preferredName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Polystotic","code":"C150702","definitions":[{"description":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting with multiple sites of involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Polystotic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C150703":{"preferredName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Disseminated","code":"C150703","definitions":[{"description":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting with disseminated disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Disseminated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9298":{"preferredName":"Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia","code":"C9298","definitions":[{"description":"A rare acute leukemia in which the blasts do not express markers specific to myeloid or lymphoid lineage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage in which the blasts do not express markers specific to myeloid or lymphoid lineage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Leukemia Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Leukemia Stem Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stem Cell Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stem Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stem Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C82426":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(3) (q21.3;q26.2) or t(3;3) (q21.3;q26.2); GATA2, MECOM","code":"C82426","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia associated with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2), resulting in the expression of RPN1-EVI1 fusion protein. There have been rare cases in children that have been reported in the literature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia associated with inv(3)(q21.3q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21.3;q26.2) resulting in the reposition of a distal GATA2 enhancer to activate MECOM expression. It may present de novo or follow a myelodysplastic syndrome. The clinical course is aggressive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2); RPN1-EVI1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(3) (q21.3;q26.2) or t(3;3) (q21.3;q26.2); GATA2, MECOM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2); RPN1-EVI1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2); RPN1-EVI1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C2882":{"preferredName":"Arteriovenous Hemangioma/Malformation","code":"C2882","definitions":[{"description":"A benign vascular lesion characterized by the presence of a complex network of communicating arterial and venous vascular structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arteriovenous Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arteriovenous Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Arteriovenous Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arteriovenous Hemangioma/Malformation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arteriovenous Malformation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Racemose Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Racemose Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4868":{"preferredName":"Placental Hemangioma","code":"C4868","definitions":[{"description":"A hemangioma arising from the fetal blood vessels in the placental villi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A hemangioma arising from the fetal blood vessels in the placental villi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angioma of Placenta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angioma of the Placenta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chorangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Chorangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chorangioma Placentae","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chorangioma Placentae","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Chorangioma of the Placenta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chorangioma of the Placenta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Chorioangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chorioangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hemangioma of Placenta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangioma of the Placenta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placental Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placental Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placental Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C9379":{"preferredName":"Combined Lung Small Cell Carcinoma and Lung Adenocarcinoma","code":"C9379","definitions":[{"description":"A lung carcinoma characterized by a combination of small cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma and Small Cell Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma and Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma and Small Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Lung Small Cell Carcinoma and Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Small Cell Lung Carcinoma and Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27260":{"preferredName":"Dendritic Cell Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C27260","definitions":[{"description":"A dendritic cell neoplasm that does not fall into well-defined categories or shows hybrid features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dendritic Cell Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dendritic Cell Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7364":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Intraductal Papillomatosis","code":"C7364","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Intraductal Papillomatosis","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7152":{"preferredName":"Erythroleukemia","code":"C7152","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer of the blood-forming tissues in which large numbers of immature, abnormal red blood cells are found in the blood and bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Acute erythroid leukemia characterised by the presence of at least 50% erythroid precursors and at least 20% myeloblasts in the bone marrow. -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Erythroleukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erythroleukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erythroleukemia (Erythroid/Myeloid)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erythroleukemia, Erythroid/Myeloid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M6a","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"erythroleukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C45509":{"preferredName":"Lung Fetal Adenocarcinoma","code":"C45509","definitions":[{"description":"A rare morphologic variant of lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of glandular structures containing glycogen-rich cells forming tubules that resemble fetal lung tubules.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fetal Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fetal Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Fetal Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma of Fetal Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Endodermal Tumor Resembling Fetal Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well-Differentiated Fetal Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3502":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Adenoma","code":"C3502","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from follicular cells of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A non-malignant neoplasm of the thyroid gland arising from epithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A benign, encapsulated tumor, arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. It may be associated with thyroid hormone secretion but it does not have malignant characteristics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, FOLLICULAR CELL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Thyroid Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C53998":{"preferredName":"Benign Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","code":"C53998","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from specialized smooth muscle cells (i.e., interstitial cells of Cajal) in the tunica muscularis or myenteric plexus. (INHAND)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A gastrointestinal stromal tumor that is characterized by a maximum diameter equal or less than 5 cm (gastric localization), or equal or less than 2 cm (intestinal localization) and no more than 5 mitotic figures per 50 high power fields.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMOR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"GIST, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C53999":{"preferredName":"Malignant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","code":"C53999","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from specialized smooth muscle cells (i.e., interstitial cells of Cajal) in the tunica muscularis or myenteric plexus. (INHAND)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A gastrointestinal stromal tumor that is characterized by large size (diameter greater than 10 cm for gastric localization and greater than 5 cm for intestinal localization) or more than 5 mitotic figures per 50 high power fields.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GASTROINTESTINAL STROMA TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"GIST, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C46068":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Hurthle (Oncocytic) Cell Neoplasm","code":"C46068","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon type of thyroid tumor that can be benign or malignant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An adenoma or carcinoma arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. It is composed of large oncocytic cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle cell neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hurthle cell neoplasm (thyroid)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Hurthle (Oncocytic) Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Hurthle (Oncocytic) Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Hurthle Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Oncocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Oncocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7151":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease","code":"C7151","definitions":[{"description":"A plasma cell neoplasm characterized by the deposition of immunoglobulin in tissues, resulting in impaired organ function. It includes the following entities: primary amyloidosis, heavy chain deposition disease, and light chain deposition disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96878":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder Papillary Neoplasm with Intermediate Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C96878","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive, papillary epithelial neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of gallbladder. It is characterized by the presence of moderate epithelial atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gallbladder Papillary Neoplasm with Intermediate Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic Papillary Neoplasm with Intermediate Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4375":{"preferredName":"Nesidioblastosis","code":"C4375","definitions":[{"description":"A sporadic or inherited disorder characterized by the focal or diffuse proliferation of the cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. It results in hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Islet Cell Adenomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nesidioblastosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nesidioblastosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C9502":{"preferredName":"Myolipoma","code":"C9502","definitions":[{"description":"A benign extrauterine tumor composed of mature adipocytes and smooth muscle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extrauterine Lipoleiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myolipoma of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66808":{"preferredName":"Medulloepithelioma Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C66808","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, unilateral, benign or malignant embryonic neoplasm typically presenting as a cilliary body mass during childhood. It is composed of medullary epithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloepithelioma Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloepithelioma, NOS","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6569":{"preferredName":"Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma","code":"C6569","definitions":[{"description":"A congenital malignant neoplasm of the kidney characterized by the presence of fibroblastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A low grade childhood congenital malignant neoplasm arising from the kidney, which is characterized by the presence of fibroblastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of kidney tumor that is usually found before birth by ultrasound or within the first 3 months of life. It contains fibroblastic cells (connective tissue cells), and may spread to the other kidney or to nearby tissue. Congenital mesoblastic nephroma is more common in males.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A low grade childhood congenital malignant neoplasm arising from the kidney. It is characterized by the presence of fibroblastic cells. The majority of cases occur in the first year of life. Complete excision is usually associated with an excellent prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CMN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Mesoblastic Nephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STROMAL NEPHROMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"congenital mesoblastic nephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C4149":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Mixed Acidophil-Basophil Carcinoma","code":"C4149","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic and basic dyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Acidophil-Basophil Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Acidophil-Basophil Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Eosinophil-Basophil Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Mixed Acidophil-Basophil Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C121786":{"preferredName":"Mixed Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C121786","definitions":[{"description":"A benign myoepithelioma characterized by the presence of a minor ductal component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Tumor, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129319":{"preferredName":"Oligodendroglioma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C129319","definitions":[{"description":"An oligodendroglioma in which there is insufficient information on the IDH genes and 1p/19q codeletion status.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7072":{"preferredName":"Oncocytic Neoplasm","code":"C7072","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm (oncocytes).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A usually benign neoplasm composed of large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. Representative examples include oncocytic neoplasms of the thyroid gland, and kidney. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ONCOCYTOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oncocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3328":{"preferredName":"Pineal Region Neoplasm","code":"C3328","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor arising in the pineal region, the majority of which are malignant germ cell tumors. A minority of pinealomas are benign, and comprise neoplastic cells that resemble normal pineocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of brain tumor that occurs in or around the pineal gland, a tiny organ near the center of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Neoplasms that are located in the pineal gland. These neoplasms arise either from pineal parenchymal cells (pineocytes), as do pineocytomas and the more aggressive pineoblastomas, or from other cell types, as do pineal astrocytic tumors (notably pilocytic astrocytomas) and germ cell tumors. Clinical symptoms include neuro-ophthalmologic dysfunction, changes in mental status, dysfunction of the brain stem, and hypothalamic-based endocrine abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm of Pineal Area","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Pineal Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Pineal Area","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Pineal Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Area Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Area Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Body Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Body Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Region Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Region Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Region Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pineal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pinealoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pinealoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Pineal Area","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Pineal Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Pineal Area","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Pineal Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pineal region tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C45339":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous CD8-Positive Aggressive Epidermotropic Cytotoxic T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C45339","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive, epidermotropic primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. It is characterized by the presence of eruptive papules and nodules, or tumors, which may be localized or disseminated. Morphologically, it is composed of small to medium-sized, or medium-sized to large, CD8-positive T-lymphocytes with pleomorphic or blastic nuclei. Epidermotropism is often pronounced. Angiocentricity and angioinvasion may be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Aggressive Epidermotropic CD8-Positive T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD8-Positive Aggressive Epidermotropic Cytotoxic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD8-Positive Aggressive Epidermotropic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C5568":{"preferredName":"Skin Nodulo-Ulcerative Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C5568","definitions":[{"description":"A type of basal cell carcinoma of the skin. It appears as a flesh-colored papule with telangiectatic vessels on its surface. It grows slowly; as it enlarges it becomes necrotic forming a central ulcer with raised borders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nodulo-Ulcerative Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rodent Ulcer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Nodulo-Ulcerative Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C36310":{"preferredName":"Secondary Carcinoma","code":"C36310","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from a pre-existing lower grade epithelial lesion, or as a result of a primary carcinoma that has spread to secondary sites, or due to a complication of a cancer treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Secondary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Secondary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C35382":{"preferredName":"True Histiocytic Lymphoma","code":"C35382","definitions":[{"description":"An outdated term referring to non-Hodgkin lymphomas made up of large abnormal lymphoid cells. Histiocytic lymphomas include mature B-cell and T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Many tumors that were once called histiocytic lymphomas are now considered to be a type of large cell lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antiquated term referring to large cell lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"True Histiocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"histiocytic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C89476":{"preferredName":"Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer AJCC v7","code":"C89476","definitions":[{"description":"Abnormal cells are found in tissue lining the inside of the vagina (birth canal). These abnormal cells may become cancer and spread into nearby normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ (preinvasive carcinoma). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. FIGO no longer includes stage 0. (AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade III Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia AJCC v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer AJCC v7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAIN 3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAIN 3 AJCC v7","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAIN III","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAIN III AJCC v7","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 3 AJCC v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"stage 0 vaginal carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C5530":{"preferredName":"Acinar Prostate Adenocarcinoma, Sarcomatoid Variant","code":"C5530","definitions":[{"description":"A rare morphologic variant of acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland with unfavorable prognosis, composed of both malignant glandular and sarcomatous components. The sarcomatous component contains a malignant spindle cell proliferation or specific mesenchymal elements including osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acinar Prostate Adenocarcinoma, Sarcomatoid Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Sarcomatoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of the Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C127915":{"preferredName":"Cervical Adenocarcinoma Admixed with Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C127915","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from the cervix and is characterized by the presence of a cervical adenocarcinoma variant and a neuroendocrine carcinoma component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Adenocarcinoma Admixed with Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C136717":{"preferredName":"Lung Mucinous Adenocarcinoma In Situ","code":"C136717","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare lung adenocarcinoma in situ variant characterized by the presence of tall columnar cells with basal nuclei and abundant cytoplasmic mucin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung Mucinous Adenocarcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40017":{"preferredName":"Rete Ovarii Adenocarcinoma","code":"C40017","definitions":[{"description":"An exceptionally rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the rete ovarii.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rete Ovarii Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129290":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma, IDH-Mutant","code":"C129290","definitions":[{"description":"Anaplastic astrocytoma carrying IDH mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma, IDH-Mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129291":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma, IDH-Wildtype","code":"C129291","definitions":[{"description":"Anaplastic astrocytoma lacking mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma, IDH-Wildtype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129321":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma, IDH-Mutant and 1p/19q-Codeleted","code":"C129321","definitions":[{"description":"An anaplastic oligodendroglioma carrying IDH gene family mutation and combined whole-arm losses of 1p and 19q (1p/19q codeletion).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma, IDH-Mutant and 1p/19q-Codeleted","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129327":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma","code":"C129327","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade III pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma characterized by the presence of five or more mitoses per 10 high-power fields. Necrosis may be present. Patients have shorter survival rates when compared to those with WHO grade II pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C47847":{"preferredName":"Breast Carcinoma with Chondroid Metaplasia","code":"C47847","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive carcinoma of the breast showing differentiation towards cartilaginous structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma with Cartilaginous Metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma with Chondroid Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C47848":{"preferredName":"Breast Carcinoma with Osseous Metaplasia","code":"C47848","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive breast carcinoma showing differentiation towards bone structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma with Osseous Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C39827":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Clear Cell Variant","code":"C39827","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder characterized by the presence of clear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Clear Cell Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129501":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor with Rhabdoid Features","code":"C129501","definitions":[{"description":"A central nervous system embryonal neoplasm characterized by the presence of histological features consistent with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor and absence of mutations of the INI1 gene or SMARCA4 (BRG1) gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS Embryonal Tumor with Rhabdoid Features","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor with Rhabdoid Features","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7267":{"preferredName":"Combined Lung Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C7267","definitions":[{"description":"A subtype of large cell neuroendocrine lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of large neuroendocrine cells in combination with adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, giant cell carcinoma and/ or spindle cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Combined Large Cell Lung Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Lung Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Combined Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Combined Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C37272":{"preferredName":"Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Differentiated Type","code":"C37272","definitions":[{"description":"HPV-negative vulvar squamous intraepithelial proliferation with abnormal keratinocyte differentiation and basal cell atypia. These lesions are most strongly linked to cancer by association rather than outcome. Risk of progression to invasion is unclear but can be rapid, often less than six months. Management is predicated on complete removal. (WHO, 2014)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Differentiated Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Simplex (Differentiated) Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SxVIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Carcinoma In Situ of Simplex Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Differentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Differentiated (Simplex)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Differentiated (Simplex) Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Differentiated Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Simplex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"d-VIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dVIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129271":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma, IDH-Mutant","code":"C129271","definitions":[{"description":"Diffuse astrocytoma carrying IDH mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma, IDH-Mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129274":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma, IDH-Wildtype","code":"C129274","definitions":[{"description":"Diffuse astrocytoma lacking mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma, IDH-Wildtype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129424":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Leptomeningeal Glioneuronal Tumor","code":"C129424","definitions":[{"description":"A relatively slow growing diffuse leptomeningeal neoplasm usually affecting children and adolescents. It is characterized by the presence of clear glial neoplastic cells reminiscent of oligodendroglioma. A neuronal component may be present. The prognosis is variable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Leptomeningeal Glioneuronal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Disseminated Oligodendroglial-Like Leptomeningeal Tumor of Childhood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156034":{"preferredName":"Encapsulated Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C156034","definitions":[{"description":"A typical papillary thyroid gland carcinoma that is totally surrounded by a fibrous capsule, which may be intact or only focally infiltrated by tumor growth. It accounts for about 10% of all cases of papillary thyroid gland carcinoma and has an excellent prognosis. Regional nodal metastases may be present, but bloodborne metastases are rare. The survival rate is nearly 100%. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Encapsulated Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C66850":{"preferredName":"Follicular Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma, Encapsulated Subtype with Invasion","code":"C66850","definitions":[{"description":"A papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland which is encapsulated and resembles an encapsulated follicular neoplasm. Capsular invasion is present. The malignant follicular cells display the nuclear features that characterize the papillary adenocarcinomas of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma, Encapsulated Subtype with Invasion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C127907":{"preferredName":"Endocervical Adenocarcinoma, Usual Type","code":"C127907","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma that arises from the endocervix. It is the most common type of endocervical adenocarcinoma. The neoplastic epithelium shows a pseudostratified architecture and the malignant cells have enlarged, elongated, and hyperchromatic nuclei.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endocervical Adenocarcinoma, Usual Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27846":{"preferredName":"Villoglandular Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma","code":"C27846","definitions":[{"description":"A primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of numerous finger-like villi lined by neoplastic columnar cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Villoglandular Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6290":{"preferredName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Variant with Squamous Differentiation","code":"C6290","definitions":[{"description":"An endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium showing squamous differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocanthoma of Endometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocanthoma of the Endometrium","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Adenoacanthoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma with Squamous Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Variant with Squamous Differentiation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Variant with Squamous Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129293":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Glioblastoma","code":"C129293","definitions":[{"description":"An IDH-wildtype glioblastoma characterized by the presence of large epithelioid cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, vesicular chromatin, and prominent nucleoli.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid Glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C27547":{"preferredName":"Fibrosarcomatous Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","code":"C27547","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans characterized by the presence of a fibrosarcomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibrosarcomatous Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C39750":{"preferredName":"Glioblastoma, IDH-Wildtype","code":"C39750","definitions":[{"description":"A glioblastoma that arises de novo. It is more commonly seen in older patients. Mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 genes are not present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glioblastoma, IDH-Wildtype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Glioblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Glioblastoma Multiforme","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Glioblastoma, IDH-Wildtype","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C5726":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm with an Associated Invasive Carcinoma","code":"C5726","definitions":[{"description":"A pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm characterized by the presence of a focal or multifocal invasive carcinomatous component. The invasive carcinoma is either colloid or ductal adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm with an Associated Invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm with an Associated Invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Invasive Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C95506":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Tubulopapillary Neoplasm","code":"C95506","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm that arises from the exocrine pancreas characterized by the formation of tubular structures, high grade dysplasia, and ductal differentiation. Grossly, it is characterized by the presence of intraductal nodular masses. Morphologically, there are nodules of tubular glands and occasional papillary structures growing in dilated ducts. There is no significant mucin production. Signs and symptoms include epigastric pain, weight loss, vomiting, steatorrhea, and diabetes mellitus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ITPN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic ITPN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Tubular Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Tubulopapillary Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97049":{"preferredName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Alveolar Variant","code":"C97049","definitions":[{"description":"A grade I invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, characterized by the presence of round groups of neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Alveolar Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97052":{"preferredName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Solid Variant","code":"C97052","definitions":[{"description":"A grade I invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells that form trabeculae and groups infiltrating collagen bundles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Solid Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97053":{"preferredName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Tubulolobular Variant","code":"C97053","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells forming small tubular structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Tubulolobular Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Tubulolobular Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9245":{"preferredName":"Invasive Breast Carcinoma","code":"C9245","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that has spread from where it started in the breast into surrounding, healthy tissue. Most invasive breast cancers start in the ducts (tubes that carry milk from the lobules to the nipple). Invasive breast cancer can spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma that infiltrates the breast parenchyma. The vast majority are adenocarcinomas arising from the terminal ductal lobular unit (TDLU). Often, the invasive adenocarcinoma co-exists with ductal or lobular carcinoma in situ. It is the most common carcinoma affecting women.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Breast Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Invasive Breast Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Mammary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive breast carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"infiltrating breast cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"invasive breast cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C36084":{"preferredName":"Invasive Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma","code":"C36084","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of clusters of malignant cells located within artifactual clear stromal spaces that resemble vascular spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C136709":{"preferredName":"Invasive Lung Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C136709","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma that arises from the lung. It is characterized by the presence of tall columnar cells and mucin production. This category refers to cases formerly classified as mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, excluding cases that meet the criteria for adenocarcinoma in situ or mucinous minimally invasive adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Invasive Lung Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C123160":{"preferredName":"Lepidic Predominant Adenocarcinoma","code":"C123160","definitions":[{"description":"A lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of mildly and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma cells across the alveolar walls with at least one focus of invasive carcinoma measuring more than 5 mm in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lepidic Predominant Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lepidic Predominant Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lepidic Predominant Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C39828":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Lipid-Cell Variant","code":"C39828","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma characterized by the presence of lipid laden tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Lipid-Cell Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40362":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Adenosquamous Breast Carcinoma","code":"C40362","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with morphologic features similar to the adenosquamous carcinoma of the skin. In the majority of cases the prognosis is excellent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Breast Syringomatous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Adenosquamous Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C62192":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Low Grade Cribriform Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C62192","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, low-grade adenocarcinoma that arises from the salivary glands. It is characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by ductal cells which are arranged in cribriform patterns. Adjacent ducts show intraductal proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Low Grade Salivary Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Low Grade Cribriform Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45202":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma","code":"C45202","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade, late-metastasizing variant of fibrosarcoma characterized by alternating fibrous and myxoid areas and a whorling growth pattern. The neoplastic cells have a spindle morphology, and lack hyperchromasia or significant nuclear atypia. Approximately 40% of cases show the focal presence of collagen rosettes. A t(7;16)(q33;p11) translocation has been identified in the majority of cases, associated with the presence of FUS-CREB3L2 fusion protein. Rare cases carry the t(11;16)(p11;p11) translocation which is associated with the presence of the FUS-CREB3L1 fusion protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Low Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6530":{"preferredName":"Malignant Pericytic Neoplasm","code":"C6530","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the perivascular cells of the connective and soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of pericytes that grow in a circumferential pattern around vessels, and cytologic atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Pericytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Pericytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Perivascular Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Perivascular Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C54039":{"preferredName":"Classic Medulloblastoma","code":"C54039","definitions":[{"description":"A medulloblastoma composed of malignant cells with hyperchromatic nucleus and scanty cytoplasm. Homer Wright rosettes may be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classic Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129445":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma, Non-WNT/Non-SHH, Group 3","code":"C129445","definitions":[{"description":"Medulloblastoma not associated with activation of the WNT pathway or sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway. MYC amplifications may be present. TP53 mutations are absent. Patients in this group are usually young children. The overall survival is the worst among all the molecular groups.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, Non-WNT/Non-SHH, Group 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129446":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma, Non-WNT/Non-SHH, Group 4","code":"C129446","definitions":[{"description":"Medulloblastoma not associated with activation of the WNT pathway or sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway. MYC amplifications are absent. TP53 mutations are absent. Chromosome 17 abnormalities may be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, Non-WNT/Non-SHH, Group 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129442":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma, SHH-Activated, TP53-Mutant","code":"C129442","definitions":[{"description":"Medulloblastoma associated with activation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway and the presence of TP53 mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, SHH-Activated, TP53-Mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129443":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma, SHH-Activated, TP53-Wildtype","code":"C129443","definitions":[{"description":"Medulloblastoma associated with activation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway and the absence of TP53 mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, SHH-Activated, TP53-Wildtype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C5317":{"preferredName":"Meningeal Melanoma","code":"C5317","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma that arises from leptomeningeal melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leptomeningeal Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma of Leptomeninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma of the Leptomeninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningeal Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C39820":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Microcystic Variant","code":"C39820","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma. It is characterized by microcysts formation. It is also associated with intracytoplasmic mucin deposits and calcification in cyst walls.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Microcystic Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C154494":{"preferredName":"MiT Family Translocation-Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C154494","definitions":[{"description":"A renal cell carcinoma (RCC) usually seen in children or young adults. It is characterized by papillary, alveolar and nested growth patterns with clear and eosinophilic cells. The carcinomas range from microscopic lesions to clinically symptomatic tumors. It is associated with translocations/gene fusions involving members of the MiT family of transcription factors, including TFE3 and TFEB. There are two subtypes; RCCs associated with Xp11 translocations and TFE3 gene fusions and RCCs with t(6:11) translocations resulting in MALAT1-TFEB gene fusions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MiT Family Translocation-Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C39912":{"preferredName":"Testicular Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor, Unclassified","code":"C39912","definitions":[{"description":"A testicular mixed germ cell-sex cord-stromal tumor in which the neoplastic germ cells and the neoplastic sex cord-stromal cells do not form nests and are instead arranged in a diffuse pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Testicular Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor, Unclassified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C127905":{"preferredName":"Cervical Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Gastric Type","code":"C127905","definitions":[{"description":"A cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma showing gastric differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Gastric Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40203":{"preferredName":"Cervical Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Intestinal-Type","code":"C40203","definitions":[{"description":"A cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma that resembles the large intestinal adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Intestinal Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Intestinal-Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C39807":{"preferredName":"Mucinous Tubular and Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney","code":"C39807","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the kidney, characterized by the presence of tubules.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A low grade carcinoma of the kidney characterized by the presence of tubules which are separated by mucinous stroma. Often the tubular structures have a spindle cell appearance. Patients are usually asymptomatic and occasionally they may present with hematuria or flank pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, RENAL, TUBULAR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucinous Tubular and Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Tubular and Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C39819":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Nested Variant","code":"C39819","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma. It is characterized by a nested growth pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Nested Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C155863":{"preferredName":"Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocrine Lesion","code":"C155863","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic lesion with neuroendocrine differentiation and poorly differentiated histological features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocrine Lesion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C155861":{"preferredName":"Well Differentiated Neuroendocrine Lesion","code":"C155861","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic lesion with neuroendocrine differentiation and well differentiated histological features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Well Differentiated Neuroendocrine Lesion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129318":{"preferredName":"Oligodendroglioma, IDH-Mutant and 1p/19q-Codeleted","code":"C129318","definitions":[{"description":"An oligodendroglioma carrying IDH gene family mutation and combined whole-arm losses of 1p and 19q (1p/19q codeletion).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, IDH-Mutant and 1p/19q-Codeleted","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C121774":{"preferredName":"Malignant Ossifying Fibromyxoid Tumor","code":"C121774","definitions":[{"description":"An ossifying fibromyxoid tumor characterized by the presence of high grade nuclear features or increased cellularity and more than two mitotic figures per 50 HPFs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Ossifying Fibromyxoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C121789":{"preferredName":"Malignant Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor","code":"C121789","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor that has metastasized from its original site of growth to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C97051":{"preferredName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Pleomorphic Variant","code":"C97051","definitions":[{"description":"A grade II invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with large and atypical nuclei.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Pleomorphic Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C142825":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Artery Intimal Sarcoma","code":"C142825","definitions":[{"description":"A sarcoma arising from the arterial intima of pulmonary arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Artery Intimal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7572":{"preferredName":"Kidney Medullary Carcinoma","code":"C7572","definitions":[{"description":"A type of renal carcinoma affecting mostly young African-Americans. It is located in the medulla of the kidney, and follows an aggressive clinical course. Most reported cases have shown metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kidney Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C5904":{"preferredName":"Salivary Duct Carcinoma","code":"C5904","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive, high grade adenocarcinoma that arises from the salivary glands. It usually affects elderly males and presents as a rapidly enlarging mass. It metastasizes to regional lymph nodes and distant anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma of Salivary Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Salivary Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Salivary Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C49027":{"preferredName":"Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma","code":"C49027","definitions":[{"description":"A well-circumscribed rare morphologic variant of fibrosarcoma, that arises from the soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of nests of malignant epithelioid fibroblasts and sclerotic collagen stroma formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SEF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C121655":{"preferredName":"Sclerosing Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C121655","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon variant of rhabdomyosarcoma with sclerosing morphology. It usually arises from the limbs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sclerosing Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40152":{"preferredName":"Serous Endometrial Intraepithelial Carcinoma","code":"C40152","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor of endometrial serous adenocarcinoma characterized by the replacement of the normal endometrial cells by malignant glandular cells that resemble the malignant cells of invasive serous adenocarcinoma. The endometrial neoplastic process is non-invasive. It may coexist with invasive endometrial adenocarcinoma or can be associated with metastases outside the uterus, in the absence of invasive endometrial carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EIC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Intraepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Serous Carcinoma in Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Serous Intraepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Surface Serous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous Endometrial Intraepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40440":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Small Cell Carcinoma, Pulmonary Type","code":"C40440","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the ovary. Morphologically, it resembles the small cell carcinoma that arises from the lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Small Cell Carcinoma, Pulmonary Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40439":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Small Cell Carcinoma, Hypercalcemic Type","code":"C40439","definitions":[{"description":"An undifferentiated small cell carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is associated with hypercalcemia. Electron microscopic studies show neurosecretory granules are either absent or, when present, are in small numbers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Small Cell Carcinoma, Hypercalcemic Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCCOHT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129530":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 1","code":"C129530","definitions":[{"description":"A solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma that arises from the central nervous system. It corresponds most often to the collagenous and low cellularity spindle cell tumor which was diagnosed as central nervous system solitary fibrous tumor in the past.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Solitary Fibrous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C129527":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 3","code":"C129527","definitions":[{"description":"A solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma that arises from the central nervous system. It most often corresponds to the tumor previously diagnosed as anaplastic hemangiopericytoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Anaplastic Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Malignant Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40194":{"preferredName":"Cervical Squamotransitional Carcinoma","code":"C40194","definitions":[{"description":"A human papillomavirus-related cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of papillary structures with fibrovascular cores. It is covered with multiple layers of atypical cells that resemble cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Squamotransitional Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C126303":{"preferredName":"Tubulocystic Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C126303","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, cytologically high grade carcinoma that arises from the renal parenchyma. It is characterized by the presence of prominently dilated cystic spaces in a bland, fibrotic stroma. The lining cells have large irregular nuclei with prominent nucleoli and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. Necrosis and mitotic figures are not present. It rarely metastasizes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tubulocystic Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tubulocystic Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C121802":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Epithelioid Sarcoma","code":"C121802","definitions":[{"description":"An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma characterized by the presence of a malignant cellular infiltrate with epithelioid morphology.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Undifferentiated Epithelioid Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8563":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated High Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Bone","code":"C8563","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, high-grade pleomorphic malignant neoplasm arising from the bone. It usually presents with pain which may or may not be associated with swelling in the affected area. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped cells, polygonal or epithelioid cells, multinucleated giant cells, and inflammatory cells. The neoplastic cells exhibit nuclear pleomorphism and high mitotic activity. It metastasizes frequently, most often in the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Bone Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of Bone","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of the Bone","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated High Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated High Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Bone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated High Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated High-Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C121799":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Round Cell Sarcoma","code":"C121799","definitions":[{"description":"An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma characterized by the presence of uniform round or ovoid malignant cells with a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Undifferentiated Round Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C121797":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Spindle Cell Sarcoma","code":"C121797","definitions":[{"description":"An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma characterized by the presence of a malignant spindle cell infiltrate with amphophilic or palely eosinophilic cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Undifferentiated Spindle Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C39842":{"preferredName":"Bladder Urachal Carcinoma","code":"C39842","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of carcinoma of the urachal remnant of bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bladder Urachal Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bladder Urachal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C39816":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Squamous Differentiation","code":"C39816","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder that exhibits squamous differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Squamous","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Squamous Differentiation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Squamous Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C39818":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Trophoblastic Differentiation","code":"C39818","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma. It is characterized by the presence of trophoblastic differentiation within the carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Trophoblastic Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40208":{"preferredName":"Cervical Villoglandular Adenocarcinoma","code":"C40208","definitions":[{"description":"A cervical adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a prominent villoglandular pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Adenocarcinoma, Villoglandular Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Villoglandular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Villoglandular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C65108":{"preferredName":"Never Smoker","code":"C65108","definitions":[{"description":"A person who was not smoking at the time of the interview and has smoked less than 100 cigarettes in their life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Never Smoked","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Never Smoker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Never Smoker","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Never Smoker","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Smoker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C67147":{"preferredName":"Current Smoker","code":"C67147","definitions":[{"description":"An adult who has smoked 100 cigarettes in his or her lifetime and who currently smokes cigarettes. Includes daily smokers and non-daily smokers (also known as occasional smokers).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Current Smoker","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Current Smoker","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156828":{"preferredName":"Current Reformed Smoker, More than 15 Years","code":"C156828","definitions":[{"description":"An individual who stopped smoking more than 15 years prior.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Current Reformed Smoker, More than 15 Years","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Current reformed smoker, more than 15 years","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}]}}{"C156829":{"preferredName":"Current Reformed Smoker Within Past 15 Years","code":"C156829","definitions":[{"description":"An individual who stopped smoking within the past 15 years.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Current Reformed Smoker Within Past 15 Years","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Current reformed smoker within past 15 years","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}]}}{"C156830":{"preferredName":"Current Reformed Smoker, Years Unknown","code":"C156830","definitions":[{"description":"An individual who stopped smoking an unknown number of years prior.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Current Reformed Smoker, Years Unknown","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Current reformed smoker, years unknown","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}]}}{"C156428":{"preferredName":"Non-Cancer Related Death","code":"C156428","definitions":[{"description":"A death attributed to any cause other than the progression of a cancer-related pathologic condition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Cancer Death","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Cancer Related","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Non-Cancer Related Death","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not Cancer Related","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"}]}}{"C34735":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Complication","code":"C34735","definitions":[{"description":"A disease or disorder that occurs during the course of a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Complication","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C443":{"preferredName":"Biphosphonate","code":"C443","definitions":[{"description":"A drug or substance used to treat hypercalcemia (abnormally high blood calcium) and bone pain caused by some types of cancer. Forms of bisphosphonates are also used to treat osteoporosis and for bone imaging. Bisphosphonates inhibit a type of bone cell that breaks down bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biphosphonate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diphosphonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diphosphonates","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bisphosphonate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"diphosphonate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C70840":{"preferredName":"Blinded Clinical Study","code":"C70840","definitions":[{"description":"A study in which the subject, the investigator, or anyone assessing the outcome is unaware of the treatment assignment(s). NOTE: Blinding is used to reduce the potential for bias. [Modified ICH E6 Glossary] See also blinding/masking, double-blind study, single-blind study, triple-blind study; contrast with open-label or unblinded study.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"description":"A type of study in which the patients (single-blinded) or the patients and their doctors (double-blinded) do not know which drug or treatment is being given. The opposite of a blinded study is an open label study.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A clinical study that is designed using a procedure in which one or more parties to the study [subject(s), investigator(s), monitor, or/and data analyst(s)] are kept unaware of the treatment assignment(s).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blind Clinical Study","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blinded Clinical Study","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blinded Clinical Trial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Masked Clinical Study","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"blinded study","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"blinded study","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"}]}}{"C157968":{"preferredName":"Radioactive Iodine Therapy","code":"C157968","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Radioactive Iodine Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Radioactive Iodine Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C80345":{"preferredName":"Hypodiploid B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","code":"C80345","definitions":[{"description":"A B-cell acute leukemia characterized by the presence of lymphoblasts which contain less than 46 chromosomes. It occurs in both children and adults. It has an unfavorable clinical outcome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypodiploid ALL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypodiploid Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypodiploid B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypodiploid B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypodiploid B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C94759":{"preferredName":"Functioning Endocrine Neoplasm","code":"C94759","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor that is found in endocrine tissue and makes hormones (chemicals that travel in the bloodstream and control the actions of other cells or organs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A hormone producing endocrine neoplasm, associated with a hormonal syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Functioning Endocrine Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"functioning tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C27426":{"preferredName":"High Grade Esophageal Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C27426","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion in which the architectural and cytologic abnormalities involve both the lower and the upper half of the esophageal squamous epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Esophageal Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Esophageal Squamous Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Esophageal Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C6910":{"preferredName":"Melanotic Psammomatous Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","code":"C6910","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor characterized by the presence of malignant cells that contain melanin and formation of psammoma bodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Melanocytic Psammomatous MPNST","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytic Psammomatous Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Psammomatous Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45194":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Leg Type","code":"C45194","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma, usually involving the lower leg. It is composed of a generally monotonous proliferation of immunoblasts, or less frequently centroblasts, with few admixed reactive cells. This type of lymphoma occurs most often in elderly women who present with rapidly growing tumors, usually on one or both legs. Dissemination to extracutaneous sites is frequent. Treatment with combination chemotherapy is usually required.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Leg Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7167":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts-1","code":"C7167","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome defined by 5-9% blasts in the bone marrow, and <5% blasts in the blood. Approximately 25% of cases progress to an acute leukemia. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDS-EB-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAEB-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAEB-I","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7168":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts-2","code":"C7168","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome defined by 10-19% blasts in the bone marrow or 5-19% blasts in the blood. Approximately 33% of cases progress to acute leukemia. The prognosis is usually poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDS-EB-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAEB-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAEB-II","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C32538":{"preferredName":"Esophageal Mucosa","code":"C32538","definitions":[{"description":"The lining of the esophagus. It is composed of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophagus - mucosa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C73428":{"preferredName":"Fraternal Twin","code":"C73428","definitions":[{"description":"Either of the two offspring resulting from two separately fertilized ovums during the same pregnancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Either of the two offspring from separately fertilized ova during the same pregnancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dizygotic Twin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fraternal Twin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fraternal Twin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TWIN, DIZYGOTIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C73429":{"preferredName":"Identical Twin","code":"C73429","definitions":[{"description":"Either of the two offspring resulting from a shared ovum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Either of the two offspring resulting from a shared ovum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Identical Twin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Identical Twin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monozygotic Twin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"TWIN, MONOZYGOTIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C96575":{"preferredName":"Biological Maternal Aunt","code":"C96575","definitions":[{"description":"A female relative who is a sibling of the biological mother, and who both share a common ancestor. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A female relative who is a sibling of the biological mother, and who both share a common ancestor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AUNT, BIOLOGICAL MATERNAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Biological Maternal Aunt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biological Maternal Aunt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C96577":{"preferredName":"Biological Maternal Grandfather","code":"C96577","definitions":[{"description":"A male relative who is the biological father of the biological mother. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A male relative who is the biological father of the biological mother.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biological Maternal Grandfather","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biological Maternal Grandfather","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"GRANDFATHER, BIOLOGICAL MATERNAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C96578":{"preferredName":"Biological Maternal Grandmother","code":"C96578","definitions":[{"description":"A female relative who is the biological mother of the biological mother. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A female relative who is the biological mother of the biological mother.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biological Maternal Grandmother","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biological Maternal Grandmother","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"GRANDMOTHER, BIOLOGICAL MATERNAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C111248":{"preferredName":"Maternal Biological Grandparent","code":"C111248","definitions":[{"description":"A relative who is the biological parent of the biological mother.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A relative who is the biological parent of the biological mother.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GRANDPARENT, BIOLOGICAL MATERNAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Maternal Biological Grandparent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96656":{"preferredName":"Half-brother with Mother as Common Parent","code":"C96656","definitions":[{"description":"A male who shares with his sibling the genetic makeup inherited from only the biological mother.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A male sibling who shares the genetic makeup inherited from only the biological mother.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BROTHER, BIOLOGICAL MATERNAL HALF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Half-brother with Mother as Common Parent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Half-brother with Mother as Common Parent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C96658":{"preferredName":"Half-sister with Mother as Common Parent","code":"C96658","definitions":[{"description":"A female who shares with her sibling the genetic makeup inherited from only the biological mother.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A female sibling who shares the genetic makeup inherited from only the biological mother.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Half-sister with Mother as Common Parent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Half-sister with Mother as Common Parent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SISTER, BIOLOGICAL MATERNAL HALF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C96579":{"preferredName":"Biological Maternal Uncle","code":"C96579","definitions":[{"description":"A male relative who is a sibling of the biological mother, and who both share a common ancestor. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A male relative who is a sibling of the biological mother, and who both share a common ancestor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biological Maternal Uncle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biological Maternal Uncle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"UNCLE, BIOLOGICAL MATERNAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C96581":{"preferredName":"Biological Paternal Aunt","code":"C96581","definitions":[{"description":"A female relative who is a sibling of the biological father, and who both share a common ancestor. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A female relative who is a sibling of the biological father, and who both share a common ancestor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AUNT, BIOLOGICAL PATERNAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Biological Paternal Aunt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biological Paternal Aunt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C96583":{"preferredName":"Biological Paternal Grandfather","code":"C96583","definitions":[{"description":"A male relative who is the biological father of the biological father. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A male relative who is the biological father of the biological father.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biological Paternal Grandfather","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biological Paternal Grandfather","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"GRANDFATHER, BIOLOGICAL PATERNAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C96584":{"preferredName":"Biological Paternal Grandmother","code":"C96584","definitions":[{"description":"A female relative who is the biological mother of the biological father. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A female relative who is the biological mother of the biological father.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biological Paternal Grandmother","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biological Paternal Grandmother","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"GRANDMOTHER, BIOLOGICAL PATERNAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C111286":{"preferredName":"Paternal Biological Grandparent","code":"C111286","definitions":[{"description":"A relative who is the biological parent of the biological father.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A relative who is the biological parent of the biological father.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GRANDPARENT, BIOLOGICAL PATERNAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Paternal Biological Grandparent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96655":{"preferredName":"Half-brother with Father as Common Parent","code":"C96655","definitions":[{"description":"A male who shares with his sibling the genetic makeup inherited from only the biological father.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A male sibling who shares the genetic makeup inherited from only the biological father.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BROTHER, BIOLOGICAL PATERNAL HALF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Half-brother with Father as Common Parent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Half-brother with Father as Common Parent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C96657":{"preferredName":"Half-sister with Father as Common Parent","code":"C96657","definitions":[{"description":"A female who shares with her sibling the genetic makeup inherited from only the biological father.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A female sibling who shares the genetic makeup inherited from only the biological father.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Half-sister with Father as Common Parent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Half-sister with Father as Common Parent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SISTER, BIOLOGICAL PATERNAL HALF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C96585":{"preferredName":"Biological Paternal Uncle","code":"C96585","definitions":[{"description":"A male relative who is a sibling of the biological father, and who both share a common ancestor. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A male relative who is a sibling of the biological father, and who both share a common ancestor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biological Paternal Uncle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biological Paternal Uncle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"UNCLE, BIOLOGICAL PATERNAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C154851":{"preferredName":"Step Father","code":"C154851","definitions":[{"description":"A male who has acquired children through marriage.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A male that is related to a child or children through marriage to their biological parent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FATHER, STEP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Step Father","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C90348":{"preferredName":"Prostate Bed","code":"C90348","definitions":[{"description":"The cavity just below the bladder where the prostate gland is located.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Prostate Bed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Fossa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C53652":{"preferredName":"Acute Coronary Syndrome","code":"C53652","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by signs and symptoms related to acute ischemia of the myocardium secondary to coronary artery disease. The clinical presentation covers a spectrum of heart diseases from unstable angina to myocardial infarction.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Signs and symptoms related to acute ischemia of the myocardium secondary to coronary artery disease. The clinical presentation covers a spectrum of heart diseases from unstable angina to myocardial infarction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Coronary Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute coronary syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}]}}{"C78246":{"preferredName":"Constrictive Pericarditis","code":"C78246","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a thickened and fibrotic pericardial sac; these fibrotic changes impede normal myocardial function by restricting myocardial muscle action.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A heart disorder in which the pericardial sac becomes thickened and fibrotic, tightening the myocardium and impeding the normal myocardial function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Constrictive Pericarditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Constrictive pericarditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}]}}{"C79601":{"preferredName":"Otitis Externa","code":"C79601","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation, swelling and redness to the outer ear and ear canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Inflammation of the outer ear and/or ear canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Inflammation of the anatomical structures of the outer ear and ear canal, which is most often caused by an infectious process. Symptoms include erythema, edema, and pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"External Ear Inflammation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Otitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"External ear inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Inflammation of External Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Otitis Externa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Otitis Externa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}]}}{"C78295":{"preferredName":"Fallopian Tube Stenosis","code":"C78295","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the fallopian tube lumen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Narrowing of the lumen of the fallopian tube.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fallopian Tube Stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fallopian tube stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}]}}{"C78298":{"preferredName":"Female Genital Tract Fistula","code":"C78298","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between a female reproductive system organ and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"An abnormal communication between a female reproductive system organ and another organ or cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Female Genital Tract Fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Female genital tract fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}]}}{"C78389":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Skin Injury","code":"C78389","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the skin during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Damage to the skin during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Skin Injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative skin injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}]}}{"C3231":{"preferredName":"Menopause","code":"C3231","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the permanent cessation of menses, usually defined by 12 consecutive months of amenorrhea in a woman over 45 years of age.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"The time of life when a woman's ovaries stop producing hormones and menstrual periods stop. Natural menopause usually occurs around age 50. A woman is said to be in menopause when she hasn't had a period for 12 months in a row. Symptoms of menopause include hot flashes, mood swings, night sweats, vaginal dryness, trouble concentrating, and infertility.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The permanent cessation of menses, usually defined by 6 to 12 months of amenorrhea in a woman over 45 years of age.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Menopausal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Menopause","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Menopause","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Menopause","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"menopause","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C35823":{"preferredName":"Splenic Disorder","code":"C35823","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder of the spleen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the spleen. Examples include infection, hemangioma, lymphoma, leukemia and angiosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spleen Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spleen disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Splenic Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C79801":{"preferredName":"Unintended Pregnancy","code":"C79801","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an unexpected pregnancy at the time of conception.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A pregnancy that was not desired or was timed incorrectly at the time that the conception occurred.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Unintended Pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unintended pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}]}}{"C78703":{"preferredName":"Vaginismus","code":"C78703","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by involuntary spasms of the pelvic floor muscles, resulting in pathologic tightness of the vaginal wall during penetration such as during sexual intercourse.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Tightness of the vaginal wall during vaginal penetration including sexual intercourse. It is caused by involuntary spasm of the pelvic floor muscles, and results in painful intercourse or failure to have intercourse. It may due to psychological conditions, trauma in the vaginal area, or vaginal infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vaginismus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Vaginismus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C35132":{"preferredName":"Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome","code":"C35132","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of an accessory conductive pathway between the atria and the ventricles that causes premature ventricular activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"An electrocardiographic finding of ventricular pre-excitation. The syndrome is characterized by a short PR interval and a long QRS interval with a delta wave.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A cardiac conduction disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of ventricular pre-excitation, which is a short PR interval and a long QRS interval with a delta wave. Most individuals are asymptomatic; however they can experience periods of palpitations, shortness of breath or syncope during tachycardic episodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"WOLFF-PARKINSON-WHITE SYNDROME","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"WPW","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C49142":{"preferredName":"Copy Number","code":"C49142","definitions":[{"description":"The number of molecules of a particular type on or in a cell or part of a cell. Usually applied to specific genes or to plasmids within a bacterium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The number of molecules of a particular type on or in a cell or part of a cell. Usually applied to specific genes or to plasmids within a bacterium.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COPYNUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Copy Number","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Copy Number","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copy Number","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copy Number","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}]}}{"C73705":{"preferredName":"Intermediate","code":"C73705","definitions":[{"description":"Located between two points or extremes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Lying between two extremes in time or space or degree.","attr":"WordNet","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INTERMEDIATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intermediate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intermediate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intermediate/Normal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}]}}{"C152974":{"preferredName":"Histone H3-Like Centromeric Protein A","code":"C152974","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3-like centromeric protein A (140 aa, ~16 kDa) is encoded by the human CENPA gene. This protein plays a role in cell cycle progression, cell division and centromeric nucleosome assembly.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CENP-A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CENPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Centromere Autoantigen A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Centromere Protein A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Centromere-Specific Histone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Centromeric Protein A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3-Like Centromeric Protein A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C154613":{"preferredName":"Histone H2A-Bbd","code":"C154613","definitions":[{"description":"A variant form of histone H2A found in chromatin structures that are transcriptionally active.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H2A Barr Body Deficient","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A Barr Body-Deficient","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A.B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A.Bbd","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H2A-Bbd","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C154668":{"preferredName":"Histone H3.3C","code":"C154668","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3.3C (135 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human H3F3C gene. This protein is involved in the modulation of DNA accessibility to the transcriptional machinery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3.3C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3.5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3F3C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3.3C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3.5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C155735":{"preferredName":"H3.X Gene","code":"C155735","definitions":[{"description":"Human H3.X gene is located in the vicinity of 5p15.1 and is approximately 0.4 kb in length. This pseudogene has no formally documented products.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3 Histone, Family 3B Pseudogene Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3.3B Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3.X Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3.Y.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone Cluster 2, H3d Pseudogene Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOC340096","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C155738":{"preferredName":"Histone H3.Y","code":"C155738","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3.Y (136 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human H3.Y gene. This protein may be involved in both transcriptional regulation and the formation of higher order chromatin structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3.Y","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3.Y.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3.Y","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3.y","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C154671":{"preferredName":"Histone H3.1t","code":"C154671","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3.1t (136 aa, ~16 kDa) is encoded by the human HIST3H3 gene. This protein is involved in formation of higher order chromatin structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3.4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3/g","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3/t","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3t","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HIST3H3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3.1t","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3.4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C154659":{"preferredName":"Core Histone Macro-H2A.2","code":"C154659","definitions":[{"description":"Core histone macro-H2A.2 (372 aa, ~40 kDa) is encoded by the human H2AFY2 gene. This protein plays a role in nucleosome formation and transcriptional repression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Core Histone Macro-H2A.2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Core Histone MacroH2A2.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A2.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2AFY2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone MacroH2A2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mH2A2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156435":{"preferredName":"Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded DNA","code":"C156435","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA sample derived from a formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FFPE DNA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FFPE DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156436":{"preferredName":"Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded RNA","code":"C156436","definitions":[{"description":"An RNA sample derived from a formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FFPE RNA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FFPE RNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded RNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C128787":{"preferredName":"GenomePlex Whole Genome Amplification","code":"C128787","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary method for whole genome amplification (WGA) from very small samples using random fragmentation of genomic DNA and conversion of the resulting small fragments to a library of PCR-amplifiable molecules flanked by universal priming sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GenomePlex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GenomePlex (Rubricon)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GenomePlex Whole Genome Amplification","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C128788":{"preferredName":"REPLI-g Whole Genome Amplification","code":"C128788","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary method for whole genome amplification (WGA) from small samples using high-fidelity enzyme Phi 29 polymerase to amplify complex genomic DNA using Multiple Displacement Amplification (MDA) technology.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"REPLI-g Whole Genome Amplification","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Repli-g (Qiagen)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156437":{"preferredName":"REPLI-g Pooled DNA","code":"C156437","definitions":[{"description":"A genomic DNA sample produced from a pool of samples from several subjects that is amplified using REPLI-g technology.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"REPLI-g Pooled DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Repli-G Pooled (Qiagen) DNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Repli-G Pooled (Qiagen) DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}]}}{"C156439":{"preferredName":"REPLI-g X DNA","code":"C156439","definitions":[{"description":"A genomic DNA sample that has been produced by two rounds of REPLI-g amplification.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"REPLI-g X DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Repli-G X (Qiagen) DNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Repli-G X (Qiagen) DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}]}}{"C20216":{"preferredName":"Adherent Culture","code":"C20216","definitions":[{"description":"A type of culture in which cells grow as a monolayer that is attached to the culture substrate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adherent Culture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monolayer culture","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156442":{"preferredName":"Control Analyte","code":"C156442","definitions":[{"description":"A biospecimen that is used as a comparator for an experimental sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Control Analyte","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156445":{"preferredName":"Derived Cell Line","code":"C156445","definitions":[{"description":"A biospecimen generated by in vitro culturing of a single cell isolated from a tissue of interest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Derived Cell Line","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C19315":{"preferredName":"Primary Cell Culture","code":"C19315","definitions":[{"description":"The cells taken from a tissue source, and their progeny, grown in culture before subdivision and transfer to a sub culture.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Culturing, in vitro Vertebrate, Primary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cell Culture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C20217":{"preferredName":"Suspension Culture","code":"C20217","definitions":[{"description":"A type of culture in which cells, or aggregates of cells, multiply while suspended in liquid medium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Suspension Culture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15631":{"preferredName":"Aspiration","code":"C15631","definitions":[{"description":"Removal of fluid or tissue through a needle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Procedure using suction, usually with a thin needle and syringe, to remove bodily fluid or tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aspiration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Aspiration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aspiration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15217":{"preferredName":"Cystectomy","code":"C15217","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove all or part of the bladder (the organ that holds urine) or to remove a cyst (a sac or capsule in the body).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The surgical removal of the urinary bladder; or the surgical removal of a cyst..","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystectomy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cystectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cystectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15389":{"preferredName":"Endoscopic Biopsy","code":"C15389","definitions":[{"description":"The removal of tissue specimens or fluid from the living body for microscopic examination, performed to establish a diagnosis. In the case of an endoscopic biopsy, an endoscope is used to obtain the sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endoscopic Biopsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endoscopic Biopsy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Endoscopic Biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endoscopy and Biopsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C103242":{"preferredName":"Endoscopic Mucosal Resection","code":"C103242","definitions":[{"description":"An endoscopic procedure that visualizes a part of the gastrointestinal tract to first identify and demarcate superficial mucosal lesions, then to guide a submucosal injection to the site to lift the lesion and finally to aid in the removal of the lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EMR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endoscopic Mucosal Resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Endoscopic Mucosal Resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15342":{"preferredName":"Transplantation","code":"C15342","definitions":[{"description":"A surgical procedure in which tissue or an organ is transferred from one area of a person's body to another area, or from one person (the donor) to another person (the recipient).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Transference of a tissue or organ within an individual, between individuals of the same species, or between individuals of different species.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grafting Procedure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surgery, Transplantation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transplant Procedure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transplantation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transplantation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transplantation Surgery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C156441":{"preferredName":"Sample Derived from New Primary","code":"C156441","definitions":[{"description":"A biospecimen derived from a new primary tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"New Primary Tumor Sample","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sample Derived from New Primary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sample Derived from New Primary Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156443":{"preferredName":"Cell Line-Derived Xenograft","code":"C156443","definitions":[{"description":"A biospecimen derived from the culturing of a derived cell line in a non-human organism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cell Line Derived Xenograft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cell Line-Derived Xenograft","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156444":{"preferredName":"Post Neoadjuvant Therapy Sample","code":"C156444","definitions":[{"description":"A biospecimen derived from a subject after treatment with a neoadjuvant therapeutic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Post Neo-adjuvant Therapy Sample","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Post Neoadjuvant Therapy Sample","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C36118":{"preferredName":"In Situ Lesion","code":"C36118","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"In Situ Lesion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C8715":{"preferredName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney","code":"C8715","definitions":[{"description":"A rhabdoid tumor that arises in the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rhabdoid tumor that arises from the kidney. It occurs in children and it is associated with abnormalities of chromosome 22. It is characterized by the presence of cells with a large eccentric nucleus, prominent nucleolus, and abundant cytoplasm. The prognosis is poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kidney Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRTK","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Rhabdoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Neoplasm of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Neoplasm of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney (RTK)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumour of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumour of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid tumor of the kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C132067":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Glioma","code":"C132067","definitions":[{"description":"A grade I or grade II glioma arising from the central nervous system. This category includes pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse astrocytoma, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, ependymoma, oligodendroglioma, oligoastrocytoma, and angiocentric glioma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Low Grade Glioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Low Grade Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Low Grade Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C157429":{"preferredName":"Sensory Change","code":"C157429","definitions":[{"description":"An alteration in the perceptual senses an individual.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sensory Change","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sensory Changes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}]}}{"C126380":{"preferredName":"Lifelong Non-Drinker","code":"C126380","definitions":[{"description":"An individual who does not drink at the present time and who claims that they have never been a drinker.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lifelong Non-Drinker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lifelong Non-Drinker","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lifelong non-drinker","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Teetotaller","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C126379":{"preferredName":"Non-Drinker","code":"C126379","definitions":[{"description":"An individual who does not drink at the present time. This is a heterogeneous group comprising both lifelong teetotallers and ex-drinkers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abstainer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Drinker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Drinker","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nondrinker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C156813":{"preferredName":"Initial Diagnosis","code":"C156813","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Initial Diagnosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C7978":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C7978","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant serous cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of glandular, papillary, or solid structures. Psammoma bodies may be present. In well differentiated cases the malignant epithelial cells resemble the cells of fallopian tube epithelium. In poorly differentiated cases the malignant epithelial cells show anaplastic features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C4349":{"preferredName":"Colon Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4349","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma arising from the colon. It is more frequently seen in populations with a Western type diet and in patients with a history of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Signs and symptoms include intestinal bleeding, anemia, and change in bowel habits. According to the degree of cellular differentiation, colonic adenocarcinomas are divided into well, moderately, and poorly differentiated. Histologic variants include mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, serrated adenocarcinoma, cribriform comedo-type adenocarcinoma, and micropapillary adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma - colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of the Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of the colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Colon Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colon Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Colon Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colonic Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3512":{"preferredName":"Lung Adenocarcinoma","code":"C3512","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from the lung and is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells. There is a male predilection with a male to female ratio of 2:1. Usually lung adenocarcinoma is asymptomatic and is identified through screening studies or as an incidental radiologic finding. If clinical symptoms are present they include shortness of breath, cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, and fever. Tobacco smoke is a known risk factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C3493":{"preferredName":"Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C3493","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma arising from squamous bronchial epithelial cells. It may be keratinizing or non-keratinizing. Keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma is characterized by the presence of keratinization, pearl formation, and/or intercellular bridges. Non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma is characterized by the absence of keratinization, pearl formation, and intercellular bridges. Cigarette smoking and arsenic exposure are strongly associated with squamous cell lung carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Lung Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous cell lung carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}]}}{"C7558":{"preferredName":"Endometrial Carcinoma","code":"C7558","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from the lining of the uterine body cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in the tissue lining the uterus (the small, hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman's pelvis in which a fetus develops). Most endometrial cancers are adenocarcinomas (cancers that begin in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium that lines the cavity of the uterine body. The vast majority of endometrial carcinomas are adenocarcinomas; squamous cell and adenosquamous carcinomas represent a minority of the cases. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma is the most frequently seen variant of endometrial adenocarcinoma. Uterine bleeding is an initial clinical sign. The prognosis depends on the stage of the tumor, the depth of myometrial wall invasion, and the degree of differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, ENDOMETRIAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Endometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Endometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Endometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Endometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Endometrial Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Endometrial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Endometrial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"endometrial cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C137992":{"preferredName":"Gleason Grade Group 1","code":"C137992","definitions":[{"description":"Only individual discrete well-formed glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Score Less Than or Equal to 6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade Group 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C137993":{"preferredName":"Gleason Grade Group 2","code":"C137993","definitions":[{"description":"Predominantly well-formed glands with lesser component of poorly-formed/fused/cribriform glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Score 7: (3 plus 4)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade Group 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C137994":{"preferredName":"Gleason Grade Group 3","code":"C137994","definitions":[{"description":"Predominantly poorly-formed/fused/cribriform glands with a lesser component of well-formed glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Score 7: (4 plus 3)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade Group 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C137995":{"preferredName":"Gleason Grade Group 4","code":"C137995","definitions":[{"description":"Only poorly-formed/fused/cribriform glands or Predominantly well-formed glands and lesser component lacking glands or Predominantly lacking glands and lesser component of well-formed gland. Poorly-formed/fused/cribriform glands can be a more minor component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Score 8: (4 plus 4) or (3 plus 5) or (5 plus 3)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade Group 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C137996":{"preferredName":"Gleason Grade Group 5","code":"C137996","definitions":[{"description":"Lacks gland formation (or with necrosis) with or without poorly formed/fused/cribriform glands. For cases with greater than 95% poorly formed/fused/cribriform glands or lack of glands on a core or at RP, the component of less than 5% well-formed glands is not factored into the grade.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Score 9 or 10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade Group 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C112007":{"preferredName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage I","code":"C112007","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor is completely encapsulated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Masaoka Stage I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Masaoka Stage I","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C112008":{"preferredName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IIa","code":"C112008","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor shows microscopic invasion into the capsule.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Masaoka Stage IIa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IIa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C112009":{"preferredName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IIb","code":"C112009","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor shows invasion through the capsule and into the surrounding fatty tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Masaoka Stage IIb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IIb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C112010":{"preferredName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage III","code":"C112010","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor shows invasion into the neighboring tissues and organs of the lower neck or upper chest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Masaoka Stage III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Masaoka Stage III","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C112011":{"preferredName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IVa","code":"C112011","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor shows metastasis throughout the pleural and/or pericardial spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Masaoka Stage IVa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Masaoka Stage IVa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IVa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C112012":{"preferredName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IVb","code":"C112012","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor shows lymphogenous or hematogenous metastasis to distant sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Masaoka Stage IVb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Masaoka Stage IVb","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IVb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28085":{"preferredName":"Gleason Pattern 1","code":"C28085","definitions":[{"description":"A pattern of prostate carcinoma characterized by the presence of a well circumscribed nodule of separate glands which are closely packed. There is no infiltration of the surrounding parenchyma. The epithelial polarity of the malignant cells is preserved and luminal differentiation is present in all glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gleason Grade 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Pattern 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28086":{"preferredName":"Gleason Pattern 2","code":"C28086","definitions":[{"description":"A pattern of prostate carcinoma characterized by the presence of glands that are more loosely arranged and less uniform compared to Gleason pattern 1. Minimal invasion of the surrounding parenchyma may be present. The epithelial polarity of the malignant cells is preserved and luminal differentiation is present in all glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gleason Grade 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Pattern 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28087":{"preferredName":"Gleason Pattern 3","code":"C28087","definitions":[{"description":"A pattern of prostate carcinoma characterized by the presence of glands that are infiltrative and vary in size and shape. The epithelial polarity of the malignant cells is preserved and luminal differentiation is present in all glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gleason Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Pattern 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28088":{"preferredName":"Gleason Pattern 4","code":"C28088","definitions":[{"description":"A pattern of prostate carcinoma characterized by the presence of fused, cribriform, or poorly defined glands. There is partial loss of normal epithelial polarity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gleason Grade 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Pattern 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28089":{"preferredName":"Gleason Pattern 5","code":"C28089","definitions":[{"description":"A pattern of prostate carcinoma characterized by almost complete loss of epithelial polarity and luminal differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gleason Grade 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Pattern 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C67145":{"preferredName":"Current Every Day Smoker","code":"C67145","definitions":[{"description":"Indicates a person who has smoked at least 100 cigarettes in his or her lifetime and who currently smokes every day.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Current Every Day Smoker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Current Every Day Smoker","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daily Smoker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Every Day Smoker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C67146":{"preferredName":"Current Some Day Smoker","code":"C67146","definitions":[{"description":"Indicates a person who has smoked at least 100 cigarettes in his or her lifetime, who smokes now, but does not smoke every day.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chipper","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Current Some Day Smoker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Current Some Day Smoker","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Daily Smoker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Occasional Smoker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Some Day Smoker","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C120482":{"preferredName":"Electronic Cigarette","code":"C120482","definitions":[{"description":"A battery-powered electronic device designed to atomize a nicotine-containing liquid solution for inhalation in a manner that simulates smoking a tobacco cigarette.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Electronic Cigarette","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Electronic Cigarette","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Electronic Nicotine Delivery System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"e-Cigarette","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C829":{"preferredName":"Tobacco Smoke","code":"C829","definitions":[{"description":"Smoke from burning tobacco (cigarettes, cigars, or pipes) and exhaled by a smoker. Tobacco smoke contains nicotine, a stimulant, and other biologically active chemicals having carcinogenic properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Smoke","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tobacco Smoke","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C1813":{"preferredName":"Cigar","code":"C1813","definitions":[{"description":"A compact roll of tobacco leaves prepared for smoking.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cigar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C1802":{"preferredName":"Cigarette","code":"C1802","definitions":[{"description":"Finely cut tobacco encased in a wrapper of thin paper and rolled for smoking.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cigarette","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cigarette","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cigarette","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C86044":{"preferredName":"Pipe","code":"C86044","definitions":[{"description":"A tube with a small bowl at one end, especially one used for smoking tobacco.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pipe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C892":{"preferredName":"Smokeless Tobacco","code":"C892","definitions":[{"description":"Tobacco that is not smoked but used in another form such as chewing tobacco or snuff.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Smokeless Tobacco","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smokeless Tobacco","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Smokeless Tobacco","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoking, Tobacco and Cancer - Smokeless Tobacco","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17666":{"preferredName":"Germline Mutation","code":"C17666","definitions":[{"description":"A gene change in the body's reproductive cells (egg or sperm) that becomes incorporated into the DNA of every cell in the body of offspring; germline mutations are passed on from parents to offspring.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any mutation that appears in the gametes and which will therefore be transmitted to the progeny with some frequency.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Germline Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Germline Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Germline Mutation Abnormality","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"germline mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hereditary mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C18060":{"preferredName":"Somatic Mutation","code":"C18060","definitions":[{"description":"An alteration in DNA that occurs after conception. Somatic mutations can occur in any of the cells of the body except the germ cells (sperm and egg) and therefore are not passed on to children. These alterations can (but do not always) cause cancer or other diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any mutation with an origin in cells that are not destined to become gametes. As a consequence, such mutations are not transmitted to progeny, though they will be transmitted during any mitosis within the individual. Somatic mutations may contribute to a broad variety of pathologies including cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Somatic Mutation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Somatic Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatic Mutation Abnormality","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"somatic mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15783":{"preferredName":"Clinical Data","code":"C15783","definitions":[{"description":"Data pertaining to the medical well-being or status of a patient. Category also includes clinical reports and individual patient data (IPD) as defined in the EMA Policy 0070 Implementation Guide. [http://www.ema.eoropa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/REPORT/2014/10/WC500174378.PDF]","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"description":"Data obtained through patient examination or treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clinical Data","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"clinical data","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"}]}}{"C63805":{"preferredName":"Portable Document Format","code":"C63805","definitions":[{"description":"An open file format created and controlled by Adobe Systems, for representing two-dimensional documents in a device independent and resolution independent fixed-layout document format. Each PDF file encapsulates a complete description of a 2D document that includes the text, fonts, images, and 2D vector graphics that compose the document. PDF files do not encode information that is specific to the application software, hardware, or operating system used to create or view the document. This feature ensures that a valid PDF will render exactly the same regardless of its origin or destination (but depending on font availability when fonts are not encapsulated in the file).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Portable Document Format","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pdf","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C48230":{"preferredName":"JPEG","code":"C48230","definitions":[{"description":"A file compression format mostly used for color and greyscale photographs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JPEG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C70631":{"preferredName":"TIFF","code":"C70631","definitions":[{"description":"A bitmap graphics file format utilizing tagged fields.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TIFF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tagged Image File Format","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C153349":{"preferredName":"Nucleotide Sequence Read","code":"C153349","definitions":[{"description":"The manual or automated determination of the nucleotide order in a nucleic acid fragment obtained after the completion of a sequencing process.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nucleotide Sequence Read","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nucleotide Sequencing Read","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Read","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sequence Read","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sequencing Read","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C153249":{"preferredName":"Binary Alignment Map","code":"C153249","definitions":[{"description":"A binary representation of a sequence alignment map compressed by the BGZF library.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Binary Alignment Map","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Binary Alignment/Map","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Binary Sequence Alignment Map","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C45967":{"preferredName":"Extensible Markup Language","code":"C45967","definitions":[{"description":"A general-purpose markup language for creating special-purpose markup languages. It is capable of describing many different kinds of data. Its primary purpose is to facilitate the sharing of data across different systems, particularly systems connected via the Internet.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extensible Markup Language","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C63328":{"preferredName":"DNA Methylation Analysis","code":"C63328","definitions":[{"description":"The analysis of the methylated deoxyribonucleotides present in the genome in a biological sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA Methylation Analysis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DNA Methylation Analysis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C85873":{"preferredName":"Plain Text Data Format","code":"C85873","definitions":[{"description":"A data format consisting of readable textual material maintained as a sequential file.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Plain Text Data Format","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C153250":{"preferredName":"FASTQ Format","code":"C153250","definitions":[{"description":"A text-based format for storing a biological sequence that encodes the nucleotide calls as well as their quality scores.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FASTQ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FASTQ Format","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C153329":{"preferredName":"Sequencing Data","code":"C153329","definitions":[{"description":"A collection of digital nucleic acid sequences, protein sequences, or other polymer sequences stored on a computer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sequence Data","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sequencing Data","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C82937":{"preferredName":"MAGE-TAB","code":"C82937","definitions":[{"description":"A tab-delimited, spreadsheet-based format that can be used for annotating and communicating microarray data in a MIAME (Minimum Information About a Microarray Experiment) compliant fashion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAGE-TAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C40341":{"preferredName":"Hypospadias","code":"C40341","definitions":[{"description":"A birth defect in which the opening of the urethra (the tube through which urine leaves the body) is not in its normal place. In males with hypospadias, the urethra opens on the underside of the penis or between the anus and the scrotum. In females with hypospadias, it opens into the vagina. Hypospadias is much more common in males than in females, and can be corrected by surgery. Children with hypospadias have an increased risk of developing Wilms tumor (a type of kidney cancer).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A congenital condition in which the urethra fails to develop properly, and the opening of the urethra is located on the ventrum of the penis, scrotum, or perineum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Urethra opening on the underside of the penis or on the perineum. (Makris S, Solomon HM, Clark R, Shiota K, Barbellion S, Buschmann J, Ema M, Fujiwara M, Grote K, Hazelden KP, Hew KW, Horimoto M, Ooshima Y, Parkinson M, Wise LD. Terminology of developmental abnormalities in common laboratory mammals (Version 2). Part B. Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol. 2009 Aug;86(4):227-327.)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A congenital abnormality in which the external urethral orifice is on the underside of the penis. In a minority of cases it is associated with other genitourinary abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HYPOSPADIAS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypospadias","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypospadias","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"hypospadias","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C148645":{"preferredName":"Non-Coding Gene Exon Mutation","code":"C148645","definitions":[{"description":"A change in the nucleotide sequence of an exon in a non-coding gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Coding Gene Exon Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Coding Transcript Exon Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noncoding Gene Exon Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Untranslated Gene Exon Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C148644":{"preferredName":"Non-Coding Gene Mutation","code":"C148644","definitions":[{"description":"A change in the nucleotide sequence of a non-coding gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Coding Gene Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Coding Transcript Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noncoding Gene Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Untranslated Gene Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C17354":{"preferredName":"Frameshift Mutation","code":"C17354","definitions":[{"description":"An insertion or deletion involving a number of base pairs that is not a multiple of three, which consequently disrupts the triplet reading frame of a DNA sequence. Such mutations usually lead to the creation of a premature termination (stop) codon, and result in a truncated (shorter-than-normal) protein product.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mutation occurring within the protein-coding region of a gene which results in a shift in the reading frame of the encoded protein. Frameshift mutations often result in the premature truncation of a gene product.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Frameshift","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Frameshift Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Frameshift Mutation Abnormality","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Frameshift Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mutation, Frameshift","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reading Frame Shift Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"frameshift mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C161807":{"preferredName":"International Prognostic Index Low-Intermediate Risk Group","code":"C161807","definitions":[{"description":"A risk group associated with a total score of 2 on the International Prognostic Index indicating that an individual has a 5 year survival prognosis of 69%.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IPI Low-Intermediate Risk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI Low-Intermediate Risk Group","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"International Prognostic Index Low-Intermediate Risk Group","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Intermediate Risk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C161808":{"preferredName":"International Prognostic Index High-Intermediate Risk Group","code":"C161808","definitions":[{"description":"A risk group associated with a total score of 3 on the International Prognostic Index indicating that an individual has a 5 year survival prognosis of 46%.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"High-Intermediate Risk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI High-Intermediate Risk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI High-Intermediate Risk Group","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"International Prognostic Index High-Intermediate Risk Group","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C137676":{"preferredName":"Stage IIID","code":"C137676","definitions":[{"description":"Locally advanced cancer that has spread to nearby organs but not to distant anatomic sites. The definition of stage IIID depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for cutaneous melanoma, stage IIID is defined as follows: T4b, N3a/b/c, M0. T4b: Tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. N3a: Four or more clinically occult nodal metastasis (i.e., detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy). Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. N3b: Four or more nodal metastases, at least one of which was clinically detected, or presence of any number of matted nodes. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. N3c: Two or more clinically occult nodal metastases. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: Yes. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (partially adapted from AJCC 8th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C18211":{"preferredName":"Protein Overexpression","code":"C18211","definitions":[{"description":"In biology, to make too many copies of a protein or other substance. Overexpression of certain proteins or other substances may play a role in cancer development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Synthesis of excess polypeptide within the cell. Overexpression is often due to the amplification or deregulation of the gene which encodes the gene product.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Overexpression","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Overexpression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"overexpress","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C96444":{"preferredName":"KRT7 Gene","code":"C96444","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in DNA replication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KRT7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"KRT7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRT7 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"KRT7 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Keratin 7 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C96457":{"preferredName":"KRT20 Gene","code":"C96457","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in the formation of intestinal epithelia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KRT20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"KRT20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRT20 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"KRT20 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Keratin 20 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C14172":{"preferredName":"Benign","code":"C14172","definitions":[{"description":"For neoplasms, a non-infiltrating and non-metastasizing neoplastic process that is characterized by the absence of morphologic features associated with malignancy (e.g., severe atypia, nuclear pleomorphism, tumor cell necrosis, and abnormal mitoses). For other conditions, a process that is mild in nature and not dangerous to health. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Not cancerous. Benign tumors may grow larger but do not spread to other parts of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"For neoplasms, a non-infiltrating and non-metastasizing neoplastic process that is characterized by the absence of morphologic features associated with malignancy (e.g., severe atypia, nuclear pleomorphism, tumor cell necrosis, and abnormal mitoses). For other conditions, a process that is mild in nature and not dangerous to health.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Negative for malignancy/normal/benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C80324":{"preferredName":"Pathogen","code":"C80324","definitions":[{"description":"A microbial agent capable of producing disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An agent of disease; a disease producer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pathogen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pathogen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pathogenic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C47944":{"preferredName":"Uncertain","code":"C47944","definitions":[{"description":"Not established beyond doubt; still undecided or unknown.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Could not be determined or unsure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Uncertain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uncertain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uncertainty","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unsure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C325":{"preferredName":"CA-125 Antigen","code":"C325","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that may be found in high amounts in the blood of patients with certain types of cancer, including ovarian cancer. CA-125 levels may also help monitor how well cancer treatments are working or if cancer has come back.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antigen expressed by tissues derived from mullerian epithelium (tubal, endometrial and endocervical) or celomic epithelium (mesothelial cells of the pleura, pericardium and peritoneum). Although its biochemical nature has not been clearly defined, CA125 has been described as a glycosylated, high-molecular-weight protein that may be released from damaged cells. Measurable in plasma, CA125 is a sensitive, nonspecific tumor marker for ovarian cancer; as such it is much more useful for monitoring clinical responses to the treatment of ovarian cancer than for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Elevated plasma CA125 may occur in association with other malignancies and non-malignant gynecologic disorders. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CA-125","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CA-125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA-125 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA-125 Antigen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CA-125 Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer Antigen 125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbohydrate Antigen 125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cancer antigen 125","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C128274":{"preferredName":"Circulating Cell-Free DNA","code":"C128274","definitions":[{"description":"DNA that is found in blood plasma and is not associated with cells in the circulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Circulating Cell-Free DNA","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Circulating Cell-Free DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Circulating DNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cfDNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C159342":{"preferredName":"Ascites Drainage","code":"C159342","definitions":[{"description":"The systematic withdrawal of ascitic fluid from the abdominal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ascites Drainage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C135727":{"preferredName":"Liquid Biopsy","code":"C135727","definitions":[{"description":"Sampling and analysis of non-solid biological material (primarily blood), usually to determine if cancer cells or circulating-free cancer DNA is present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liquid Biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasma Biopsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15275":{"preferredName":"Lymphadenectomy","code":"C15275","definitions":[{"description":"A surgical procedure in which the lymph nodes are removed and a sample of tissue is checked under a microscope for signs of cancer. For a regional lymphadenectomy, some of the lymph nodes in the tumor area are removed; for a radical lymphadenectomy, most or all of the lymph nodes in the tumor area are removed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Surgical removal of lymph nodes, usually done to assess the spread of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Dissection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Node Neck Dissection performed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lymphadenectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphadenectomy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphadenectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"excision of the lymph node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymph node dissection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"lymph node excision","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphadenectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C94461":{"preferredName":"Metastasectomy","code":"C94461","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove one or more metastases (tumors formed from cells that have spread from the primary tumor). When all metastases are removed, it is called a complete metastasectomy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The surgical removal of metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metastasectomy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Metastasectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"metastasectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C51787":{"preferredName":"Omentectomy","code":"C51787","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove part or all of the omentum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Partial or complete resection of the omentum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epiploectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Omentectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Resection of Omentum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"omentectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C15291":{"preferredName":"Oophorectomy","code":"C15291","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove one or both ovaries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Partial or complete removal of one or both of the ovaries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Female Castration","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oophorectomy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oophorectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Oophorectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovariectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oophorectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C159340":{"preferredName":"Peritoneal Lavage","code":"C159340","definitions":[{"description":"A minimally invasive procedure that permits sampling of peritoneal fluid for cytopathologic analysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peritoneal Lavage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peritoneal Washing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C28743":{"preferredName":"Punch Biopsy","code":"C28743","definitions":[{"description":"Removal of a small disk-shaped sample of tissue using a sharp, hollow device. The tissue is then examined under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Removal of a disk of skin tissue, for microscopic examination, using a punch.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Punch Biopsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Punch Biopsy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Punch Biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Punch Biopsy of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"punch biopsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C94470":{"preferredName":"Radical Hysterectomy","code":"C94470","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove the uterus, cervix, and part of the vagina. The ovaries, fallopian tubes, and nearby lymph nodes may also be removed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The surgical removal of the uterus and surrounding structures, including bilateral pelvic lymph nodes, the parametrium, and the upper one-third to one-half of the vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Radical Hysterectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"radical hysterectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C51605":{"preferredName":"Salpingectomy","code":"C51605","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove part or all of the fallopian tube(s).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Salpingectomy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Salpingectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubal Excision","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15323":{"preferredName":"Salpingo-Oophorectomy","code":"C15323","definitions":[{"description":"Surgical removal of the fallopian tubes and ovaries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Surgical removal of the fallopian tube(s) and ovary(ies).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Salpingo-Oophorectomy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Salpingo-Oophorectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"salpingo-oophorectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C126397":{"preferredName":"Supracervical Hysterectomy","code":"C126397","definitions":[{"description":"A hysterectomy that removes the uterus and leaves the cervix in place.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SCH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supracervical","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supracervical Hysterectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C15749":{"preferredName":"Tumor Debulking","code":"C15749","definitions":[{"description":"Surgical removal of as much of a tumor as possible. Tumor debulking may increase the chance that chemotherapy or radiation therapy will kill all the tumor cells. It may also be done to relieve symptoms or help the patient live longer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The surgical removal of as much of a malignant tumor as is reasonably possible. This procedure increases the effectiveness of the subsequent administration of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Debulking","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Debulking","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Debulking Procedure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Debulking Surgery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Debulking","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tumor Debulking","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"debulking","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"tumor debulking","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C48658":{"preferredName":"Indeterminate","code":"C48658","definitions":[{"description":"Cannot distinguish between two or more possible values in the current context. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cannot distinguish between two or more possible values in the current context.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cannot Be Determined","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INDETERMINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inconclusive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inconclusive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indeterminate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indeterminate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Indeterminate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unable to Determine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C9478":{"preferredName":"Atypia","code":"C9478","definitions":[{"description":"State of being not typical or normal. In medicine, atypia is an abnormality in cells in tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The condition of being irregular or not conforming to type.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"atypia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C14143":{"preferredName":"Malignant","code":"C14143","definitions":[{"description":"Cancerous. Malignant cells can invade and destroy nearby tissue and spread to other parts of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Refers to abnormal cell activity manifested by decreased control over growth and function, causing tumor growth or spread into surrounding tissue and adverse effects to the host. 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Nonmalignant tumors may grow larger but do not spread to other parts of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"For neoplasms, a neoplastic process that, at the time of the pathologic diagnosis, does not show evidence of tissue infiltration and may or may not show evidence of atypical morphologic features (e.g., cellular atypia, formation of complex structures, cellular pseudostratification, and increased mitotic activity). This term encompasses benign neoplastic processes, neoplastic processes with dysplastic features, and borderline processes. The former do not metastasize and the latter two are associated with a future risk of stromal invasion and metastasis. For other conditions, a process that is not seriously resistant to treatment or dangerous to health.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Malignant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Non-Malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonmalignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nonmalignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C126862":{"preferredName":"Unsatisfactory","code":"C126862","definitions":[{"description":"Failing to meet the quantitative or qualitative measures for the needs of a situation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inadequate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Insufficient","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unsatisfactory","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unsatisfactory","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}]}}{"C3014":{"preferredName":"Endometriosis","code":"C3014","definitions":[{"description":"A benign condition in which tissue that looks like endometrial tissue grows in abnormal places in the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The growth of functional endometrial tissue in anatomic sites outside the uterine body. It most often occurs in the pelvic organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endometriosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Endometriosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"endometriosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}]}}{"C40121":{"preferredName":"Endosalpingiosis","code":"C40121","definitions":[{"description":"A benign pathologic process characterized by the transformation of the mesothelium into fallopian tube epithelium. It occurs in the peritoneum and may affect the serosa surface of the uterus and the adnexa. 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In vivo, bortezomib delays tumor growth and enhances the cytotoxic effects of radiation and chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BORTEZOMIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bortezomib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bortezomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDP 341","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN341","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PS-341","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PS-341","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PS341","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Velcade","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[(1R)-3-Methyl-1-[[(2S)-1-oxo-3-phenyl-2-[(pyrazinylcarbonyl)amino]propyl]amino]butyl]boronic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"[(1R)-3-Methyl-1-[[(2S)-1-oxo-3-phenyl-2-[(pyrazinylcarbonyl)amino]propyl]amino]butyl]boronic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bortezomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"velcade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"681239"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1176309"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"179324-69-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Multiple Myeloma; Advanced Thyroid Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"69G8BD63PP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43560"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43560"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H25BN4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bortezomib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:52717"}]}}{"C933":{"preferredName":"Vincristine","code":"C933","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to treat acute leukemia. It is used in combination with other drugs to treat Hodgkin disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, and Wilms tumor. Vincristine is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks cell growth by stopping cell division. It is a type of vinca alkaloid and a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Vinca rosea Linn. Vincristine binds irreversibly to microtubules and spindle proteins in S phase of the cell cycle and interferes with the formation of the mitotic spindle, thereby arresting tumor cells in metaphase. This agent also depolymerizes microtubules and may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca++ -transport ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis. 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Dexamethasone is used to treat leukemia and lymphoma and may be used to treat some of the problems caused by other cancers and their treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic adrenal corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory properties. In addition to binding to specific nuclear steroid receptors, dexamethasone also interferes with NF-kB activation and apoptotic pathways. This agent lacks the salt-retaining properties of other related adrenal hormones. 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It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Thalomid belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of glutamic acid (alpha-phthalimido-glutarimide) with teratogenic, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties. Thalidomide acts primarily by inhibiting both the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in stimulated peripheral monocytes and the activities of interleukins and interferons. This agent also inhibits polymorphonuclear chemotaxis and monocyte phagocytosis. In addition, thalidomide inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), thereby inhibiting angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-Thalidomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"(-)-Thalidomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":".alpha.-Phthalimidoglutarimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2, 6-Dioxo-3-phthalimidopiperidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2,6-Dioxo-3-phthalimidopiperidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-(2,6-Dioxo-3-piperidinyl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Phthalimidoglutarimide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-Phthalimidoglutarimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Contergan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Contergan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Distaval","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Distaval","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kevadon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Kevadon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2,6-Dioxo-3-piperidyl)phthalimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-(2,6-Dioxo-3-piperidyl)phthalimide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Phthaloylglutamimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-Phthaloylglutamimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Phthalylglutamic Acid Imide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Phthalylglutamic acid imide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Neurosedyn","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pantosediv","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Pantosediv","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phthalimide, N-(2, 6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)-, (+)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Phthalimide, N-(2, 6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)-, (-)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sedalis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sedoval K-17","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Softenon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Softenon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovir","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THALIDOMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talimol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Talimol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thalidomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Thalidomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thalidomide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thalidomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thalomid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Thalomid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"thalidomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"66847"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039736"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-35-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Aphthous stomatitis; Crohns disease; cutaneous manifestations of erythema nodosum leprosum; GVHD; HIV-associated wasting syndrome; Karposi sarcoma; lepromatous leprosy; multiple myeloma; mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculosis; primary brain tumors"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4Z8R6ORS6L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42332"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42332"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H10N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Thalidomide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9513"}]}}{"C52196":{"preferredName":"Carfilzomib","code":"C52196","definitions":[{"description":"An epoxomicin derivate with potential antineoplastic activity. Carfilzomib irreversibly binds to and inhibits the chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S catalytic core subunit of the proteasome, a protease complex responsible for degrading a large variety of cellular proteins. Inhibition of proteasome-mediated proteolysis results in an accumulation of polyubiquinated proteins, which may lead to cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S)-N-((1S)-1-Benzyl-2-(((1S)-3-methyl-1-(((2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl)carbonyl)butyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-4-methyl-2-(((2S)-2-((morpholin-4-ylacetyl)amino)-4-phenylbutanoyl)amino)pentanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARFILZOMIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carfilzomib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carfilzomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kyprolis","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-171","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709429"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"868540-17-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed multiple myeloma (MM)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"72X6E3J5AR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459751"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459751"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C40H57N5O7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PR-171"}]}}{"C405":{"preferredName":"Cyclophosphamide","code":"C405","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat many types of cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is also used to treat some types of kidney disease in children. Cyclophosphamide attaches to DNA in cells and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic alkylating agent chemically related to the nitrogen mustards with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. 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It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A phenylalanine derivative of nitrogen mustard with antineoplastic activity. Melphalan alkylates DNA at the N7 position of guanine and induces DNA inter-strand cross-linkages, resulting in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and cytotoxicity against both dividing and non-dividing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-L-phenylalanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alanine Nitrogen Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CB-3025","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-PAM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Phenylalanine Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Phenylalanine mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Sarcolysin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Sarcolysin Phenylalanine mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Sarcolysine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Sarcolysine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-sarcolysin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MELPHALAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Melphalan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Melphalan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melphalanum","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenylalanine Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenylalanine Nitrogen Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenylalanine nitrogen mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sarcoclorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarkolysin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sarkolysin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-19813","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"melphalan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"p-di(chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"8806"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"241286"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025241"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"148-82-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; neuroblastoma; palliative treatment of multiple myeloma and nonresectable epithelial ovarian carcinoma; rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q41OR9510P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42973"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42973"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H18Cl2N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Melphalan"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28876"}]}}{"C770":{"preferredName":"Prednisone","code":"C770","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to lessen inflammation and lower the body's immune response. It is used with other drugs to treat leukemia and lymphoma and other types of cancer. It is also used alone or with other drugs to prevent or treat many other conditions. These include conditions related to cancer, such as anemia (a low level of red blood cells), allergic reactions, and loss of appetite. Prednisone is a type of therapeutic glucocorticoid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. After cell surface receptor attachment and cell entry, prednisone enters the nucleus where it binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors, resulting in an altered gene expression and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production. 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In addition, pomalidomide may inhibit tumor angiogenesis, promote cell cycle arrest in susceptible tumor cell populations, and stimulate erythropoeisis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Amino-N-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)phthalimide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Amino-2-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Aminothalidomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actimid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-4047","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CC-4047","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imnovid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"POMALIDOMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pomalidomide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pomalidomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pomalyst","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pomalidomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"16085014"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347624"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"19171-19-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D2UX06XLB5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653314"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653314"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H11N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pomalidomide"}]}}{"C66982":{"preferredName":"Elotuzumab","code":"C66982","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of advanced multiple myeloma. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. HuLuc63 binds to CS1, a protein that is found mainly on the surface of multiple myeloma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human CS1 (CD2 subset 1, CRACC, SLAMF7) antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Elotuzumab binds to the CS1 antigen, which may trigger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cells expressing CS1. CS1 is a cell surface glycoprotein belonging to the CD2 subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and is highly expressed by multiple myeloma cells, but minimally expressed by normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-901608","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elotuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Empliciti","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuLuc-63","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuLuc63","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HuLuc63","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDL-063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDL063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832049"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915296-00-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multiple myeloma (MM)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1351PE5UGS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"532249"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"532249"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CS1_Monoclonal_Antibody_HuLuc63"}]}}{"C97940":{"preferredName":"Ixazomib","code":"C97940","definitions":[{"description":"An active metabolite of MLN9708, a second generation, boron containing peptide proteasome inhibitor (PI) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ixazomib binds to and inhibits the 20S catalytic core of the proteasome, thereby blocking the targeted proteolysis normally performed by the proteasome, which results in an accumulation of unwanted or misfolded proteins; disruption of various cell signaling pathways may follow, resulting in the induction of apoptosis. Compared to first generation PIs, second generation PIs may have an improved pharmacokinetic profile with increased potency and less toxicity. Proteasomes are large protease complexes that degrade unneeded or damaged proteins that have been ubiquinated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IXAZOMIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ixazomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN-2238","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN2238","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"{(1R)-1-[(2,5-dichlorobenzamido)acetamido]-3-methylbutyl}boronic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467949"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1072833-77-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"71050168A2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H19BCl2N2O4"}]}}{"C74007":{"preferredName":"Daratumumab","code":"C74007","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. The binding of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody to natural killer (NK) cells mimics the normal CD38-CD31 interaction on the NK cell surface. CD38 is also present on multiple myeloma (MM) cells and plasma leukemia cells; this agent may preferentially bind these cells, triggering antitumoral antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). CD38, a cell surface glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and has been shown to regulate the cytotoxic response of activated NK cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DARATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Daratumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Daratumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Darzalex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMax-CD38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-54767414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346801"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"945721-28-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multiple myeloma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4Z63YK6E0E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583564"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583564"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD38_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C73261":{"preferredName":"Bendamustine","code":"C73261","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug that is used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), to treat slow-growing B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that has gotten worse within 6 months of treatment with other anticancer drugs, and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Bendamustine may damage the DNA in cancer cells and cause them to die. It is a type of alkylating agent and a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bifunctional mechlorethamine derivative with alkylating and antimetabolite activities. Although the exact mechanism of action of bendamustine is unknown, this agent appears to alkylate and crosslink macromolecules, resulting in DNA, RNA and protein synthesis inhibition, and eventually the induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)-1-methyl-2-benzimidazolebutyric Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BENDAMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bendamustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SDX-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bendamustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0525079"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"16506-27-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin Lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9266D9P3PQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H21Cl2N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bendamustine"}]}}{"C66948":{"preferredName":"Panobinostat","code":"C66948","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks enzymes needed for cells to grow and divide and may kill cancer cells. Panobinostat may also prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of histone deacetylase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cinnamic hydroxamic acid analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Panobinostat selectively inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC), inducing hyperacetylation of core histone proteins, which may result in modulation of cell cycle protein expression, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and apoptosis. In addition, this agent appears to modulate the expression of angiogenesis-related genes, such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1a) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thus impairing endothelial cell chemotaxis and invasion. HDAC is an enzyme that deacetylates chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-N-hydroxy-3-(4-(((2-(2-methyl-1h-indol-3-yl)ethyl)amino)methyl)phenyl)prop-2-enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Faridak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Faridak","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Farydak","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LBH589","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LBH589","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANOBINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Panobinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Panobinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"panobinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1998098"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"404950-80-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multiple myeloma (MM)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9647FM7Y3Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530790"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530790"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H23N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LBH589"}]}}{"C456":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin","code":"C456","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat many types of cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Doxorubicin comes from the bacterium Streptomyces peucetius. It damages DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of anthracycline antitumor antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An anthracycline antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Doxorubicin, isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius, is the hydroxylated congener of daunorubicin. Doxorubicin intercalates between base pairs in the DNA helix, thereby preventing DNA replication and ultimately inhibiting protein synthesis. Additionally, doxorubicin inhibits topoisomerase II which results in an increased and stabilized cleavable enzyme-DNA linked complex during DNA replication and subsequently prevents the ligation of the nucleotide strand after double-strand breakage. Doxorubicin also forms oxygen free radicals resulting in cytotoxicity secondary to lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipids; the formation of oxygen free radicals also contributes to the toxicity of the anthracycline antibiotics, namely the cardiac and cutaneous vascular effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S-cis)-10-[(3-Amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroacetyl)-1-methoxy-5,12-naphthacenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(8S-cis)-10-[(3-Amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-5,12-naphthacenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"14-Hydroxydaunomycin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriablastin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOXORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxydaunomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxyl Daunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxyldaunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"doxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013089"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"23214-92-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"80168379AG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO11"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Doxorubicin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28748"}]}}{"C349":{"preferredName":"Carmustine","code":"C349","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antineoplastic nitrosourea. Carmustine alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. This agent also carbamoylates proteins, including DNA repair enzymes, resulting in an enhanced cytotoxic effect. Carmustine is highly lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier readily. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,3-Bis(beta-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Becenum","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Becenun","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiCNU","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bis(chloroethyl) 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27702","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRI 1720","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-139021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carmustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"409962"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007257"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154-93-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Brain tumors; colon cancer; lung cancer; lymphomas; Hodgkins and Non-Hodgkins; melanoma; multiple myeloma; mycosis fungoides"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U68WG3173Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43027"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43027"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H9Cl2N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Carmustine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3423"}]}}{"C161806":{"preferredName":"International Prognostic Index 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DNA fragments attached to beads are clonally amplified and ligated to fluorescently labeled \"interrogation probes\". Ligation frees the fluor, which is detected and identifies the specific probe. The marker of the attached probe is then removed and a 5'-phosphate group is regenerated. Multiple cycles of ligation, detection, and cleavage are performed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABI SOLiD Sequencing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOLiD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"SOLiD Sequencing Technology","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sequencing of Oligonucleotides by Ligation/Detection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544752"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"SOLiD"}]}}{"C146809":{"preferredName":"454 Sequencing","code":"C146809","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary next-generation DNA sequencing system from 454 Life Sciences that used large-scale parallel pyrosequencing. The system relied on fixing nebulized and adapter-ligated DNA fragments to small DNA-capture beads in a water-in-oil emulsion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"454 Sequencing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"454 Sequencing Technology","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LS 454 Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LS454","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544750"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"LS454"}]}}{"C125894":{"preferredName":"Ion Semiconductor Sequencing","code":"C125894","definitions":[{"description":"A method of DNA sequencing based on the detection of hydrogen ions that are released during synthesis of a complementary strand polymerized on a template strand. This technology differs from other sequencing technologies in that no modified nucleotides or optics are used. It claims to be simpler, faster, and more cost effective and scalable than any other technology available.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ion Semiconductor Sequencing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ion Torrent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ion Torrent Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ion Torrent Sequencing Technology","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Semiconductor Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Silicon Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pH-Mediated Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504544"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ion Torrent"}]}}{"C146815":{"preferredName":"Complete Genomics Sequencing","code":"C146815","definitions":[{"description":"A next-generation DNA sequencing service offered by Complete Genomics. Unamplified human genomic DNA is sheared into 500bp fragments and then amplified to create DNA nano-balls (DNBs). The DNBs are arrayed on a substrate and their sequence is determined by Combinatorial Probe-Anchor Ligation (cPAL) sequencing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Complete Genomics","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Complete Genomics Sequencing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544862"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Complete Genomics"}]}}{"C146819":{"preferredName":"SMRT Sequencing","code":"C146819","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary third-generation DNA sequencing system from Pacific Biosciences that uses zero-mode waveguides (ZMWs) and phospholinked nucleotides. A single DNA polymerase enzyme is affixed at the bottom of a ZMW structure with a single molecule of DNA as a template. A fluorescent tag is cleaved off with each base addition and is detected to create the sequence.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PacBio","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"SMRT Sequencing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMRT Sequencing Technology","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Single Molecule, Real-Time Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544866"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"PacBio"}]}}{"C13347":{"preferredName":"Aspirate","code":"C13347","definitions":[{"description":"Fluid withdrawn from a body cavity, cyst, or tumor. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Fluid withdrawn from a lump, often a cyst, or a nipple.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Fluid withdrawn from a body cavity, organ, cyst, or tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASPIRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Aspirate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aspirate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Aspirate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aspirate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0370199"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aspirate"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aspirate"}]}}{"C157433":{"preferredName":"Motor / Movement Change","code":"C157433","definitions":[{"description":"An alteration in the motor/movement of an 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types of cancer, including ovarian cancer and lung cancer. 11C topotecan is a radioactive form of the anticancer drug topotecan. It builds up in tumor tissues and is detected by positron emission tomography (PET). It may be used to help determine whether treatment with topotecan will work. It is a type of topoisomerase I inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminata radiolabeled with carbon 11 (11C) with antineoplastic and radiotracer properties. During the S phase of the cell cycle, topotecan inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks that inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptotic cell death. Quantitation of 11C topotecan accumulated in tumor tissues by positron emission tomography (PET) may help predict responses to topotecan therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11C Topotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"11C topotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1711433"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"454314"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"454314"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_11C_Topotecan"}]}}{"C28781":{"preferredName":"11D10 AluGel Anti-Idiotype Monoclonal Antibody","code":"C28781","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide gel (AluGel) with potential antineoplastic activity. 11D10 AluGel anti-idiotype monoclonal antibody mimics the human milk fat globule (HMFG) antigen found in breast and other cancers. Vaccination with 11D10 AluGel anti-idiotype monoclonal antibody may induce a host antibody response against tumor cells positive for the HMFG antigen. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11D10 AluGel Anti-Idiotype Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TriAb","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"724593"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"719681"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1520305"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_11D10_AluGel_Anti-Idiotype_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C41441":{"preferredName":"12-Allyldeoxoartemisinin","code":"C41441","definitions":[{"description":"A semi-synthetic analogue of Artemisinin - a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from the dry leaves of Artemisia Annua (sweet wormwood) used as anti-malaria agent. 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This leads to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, thereby resulting in an inhibition of cell division and ultimately cell death. BMS-275183 may be useful for treating multi-drug resistant tumors as it does not appear to be a substrate for P-glycoprotein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"14C BMS-275183","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[14C] BMS-275183","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831856"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487486"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487486"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_14C_BMS-275183"}]}}{"C133224":{"preferredName":"17beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 5 Inhibitor ASP9521","code":"C133224","definitions":[{"description":"A selective, orally bioavailable inhibitor of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5 (17bHSD5, aldo-keto reductase 1C3; AKR1C3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ASP9521 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of 17bHSD5. This prevents the conversion of the adrenal androgens dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione into 5-androstenediol and testosterone. By blocking testosterone production, ASP9521 may inhibit the growth of testosterone-dependent cancers such as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). 17bHSD5, expressed both in normal prostate tissue and in prostate cancer (PC), plays a crucial role in persistent production of androgens despite castration; its expression is associated with increased malignancy of PC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4-(2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)piperidin-1-yl)(5-methoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)methanone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17bHSD5 Inhibitor ASP9521","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 5 Inhibitor ASP9521","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP 9521","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP9521","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4045761"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1126084-37-4"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700558"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700558"}]}}{"C80036":{"preferredName":"2'-F-ara-deoxyuridine","code":"C80036","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of advanced solid tumors and lymphomas. It blocks the growth of cells and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of uracil analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A deoxyuridine prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon cellular uptake, 2'-F-ara-deoxyuridine (FAU) is phosphorylated by thymidine kinase to FAU monophosphate and subsequently methylated in the 5'-position by thymidylate synthase (TS) to its activated form, 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl) 5-methyluracil monophosphate (FMAUMP). FMAUMP is incorporated into DNA leading to an inhibition of DNA synthesis and so cell growth. The catalytic activity of TS is critical to activation of FAU and subsequent incorporation into DNA. FAU may be beneficial in the case of tumors with high TS activity that are resistant to TS inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl) Uracil","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl) uracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"1-(2-DEOXY-2-FLUORO-.BETA.-D-ARABINOFURANOSYL)URACIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2'-F-ara-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2'-F-ara-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"FAU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388502"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"69123-94-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K7386OMP29"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"616102"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"616102"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11FN2O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_2-F-ara-deoxyuridine"}]}}{"C29796":{"preferredName":"2,6-Diaminopurine","code":"C29796","definitions":[{"description":"One of a number of organic compounds that share a similar purine structure and possess antiviral and antitumor properties. 2,6-Diaminopurine nucleosides are versatile synthetic precursors for specific N-6 modifications of antiviral and antitumor agents. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Purine-2,6-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-DIAMINOPURINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2,6-Diaminopurine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2,6-Diaminopurine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9h-purine-2,6-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"743"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0045587"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1904-98-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"49P95BAU4Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H6N6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_2_6-Diaminopurine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38001"}]}}{"C126754":{"preferredName":"2,6-Dimethoxyquinone","code":"C126754","definitions":[{"description":"A methoxy-substituted benzoquinone and bioactive compound found in fermented wheat germ extracts, with potential antineoplastic and immune-enhancing activity. 2,6-Dimethoxyquinone (2,6-DMBQ) inhibits anaerobic glycolysis thereby preventing cellular metabolism and inducing apoptosis. As cancer cells use the anaerobic glycolysis pathway to metabolize glucose and cancer cells proliferate at an increased rate as compared to normal, healthy cells, this agent is specifically cytotoxic towards cancer cells. In addition, 2,6-DMBQ exerts immune-enhancing effects by increasing natural killer (NK) cell and T-cell activity against cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-Dione, 2,6-Dimethoxy-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-Dione, 2,6-Dimethoxy- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-DMBQ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Dimethoxy-1,4-Benzoquinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Dimethoxy-p-Benzoquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Dimethoxy-p-Quinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Dimethoxybenzoquinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Dimethoxycyclohexa-2,5-Diene-1,4-Dione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Dimethoxyquinone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2,6-Dimethoxyquinone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-Benzoquinone, 2,6-Dimethoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0045611"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"530-55-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C116618":{"preferredName":"2-Deoxy-D-glucose","code":"C116618","definitions":[{"description":"A non-metabolizable glucose analog in which the hydroxyl group at position 2 of glucose is replaced by hydrogen, with potential glycolysis inhibiting and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), this agent competes with glucose for uptake by proliferating cells, such as tumor cells. 2-DG inhibits the first step of glycolysis and therefore prevents cellular energy production, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-DG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Deoxy-D-glucose","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2-Deoxy-D-glucose","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxyglucose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011501"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154-17-6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"409701"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"409701"}]}}{"C1165":{"preferredName":"2-Ethylhydrazide","code":"C1165","definitions":[{"description":"A podophyllic acid derivative of podophyllotoxin, a substance extracted from the mandrake root Podophyllum peltatum. Possessing potent antineoplastic properties, 2-ethylhydrazide binds to and inhibits topoisomerase II and its function in ligating cleaved DNA molecules, resulting in the accumulation of single- or double-strand DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication and transcription, and apoptotic cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Ethylhydrazide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0066615"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_2-Ethylhydrazide"}]}}{"C29794":{"preferredName":"2-Fluoroadenine","code":"C29794","definitions":[{"description":"A fluorinated heterocyclic 2-ring compound. 2-fluoroadenine is the base moiety for many carbocyclic and acyclic nucleoside analogues, which may be used in antineoplastic studies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Purin-6-amine, 2-fluoro- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Fad","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Fluoro-1H-purin-6-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Fluoroadenine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenine, 2-fluoro-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRN 0610958","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purine, 6-amino-2-fluoro-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRI 774","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"27364"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0046110"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"700-49-2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_2-Fluoroadenine"}]}}{"C131289":{"preferredName":"2-Fluorofucose-containing SGN-2FF","code":"C131289","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable fluorinated analog of fucose that is a protein fucosylation inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of SGN-2FF, 2-fluorofucose (2-FF) mimics fucose and is converted to guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-2FF, which prevents the formation of the fucosylation substrate GDP-fucose, and the incorporation of fucose into glycoproteins by fucosyltransferase. As fucosylation of glycoproteins plays a key role in many biological processes, such as protein function, receptor binding, cell signaling and cellular adhesion, and is essential for tumor progression, blocking fucosylation decreases tumor cell growth. In addition, blocking fucosylation of monoclonal antibodies generates fucose-deficient antibodies that exert enhanced antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-FF Containing SGN-2FF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Fluorofucose-containing SGN-2FF","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2-Fluorofucose-containing SGN-2FF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2FF-containing SGN-2FF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-2FF","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514470"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785540"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785540"}]}}{"C120474":{"preferredName":"2-Hydroxyestradiol","code":"C120474","definitions":[{"description":"A metabolite formed during the metabolism of 17beta-estradiol by hydroxylation of the carbon at position 2 by the CYP450 enzymes 1A1/1A2. Theoretically, 2-hydroxyestradiol (2-OHE2) is able to undergo redox cycling, which generates active radicals and induces DNA damage; however, this estradiol metabolite is very unstable in vivo and is quickly inactivated by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)-mediated O-methylation and converted to 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MeE2). 2-MeE2 exerts antineoplastic activities through its estrogen receptor antagonistic effect and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(17beta)-Estra-1,3,5(10)-Triene-2,3,17-Triol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-HYDROXYESTRADIOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxy-17beta-Estradiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyestradiol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyestradiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyestradiol-17beta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-OH-E2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-OH-Estradiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-OHE2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0046196"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"362-05-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AYU2L67YUU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28744"}]}}{"C63947":{"preferredName":"2-Hydroxyestrone","code":"C63947","definitions":[{"description":"A metabolite formed during the catabolism of estrone by the liver through the hydroxylation of the carbon at position 2 by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, including CYP1A1 and 1A2, with potential anticarcinogenic activity. The mechanism of action for the antitumor activity of 2-hydroxyestrone is not known but this metabolic product has minimal estrogenic activity compared to the parent compound and other estrone metabolites. Additionally, O-methylation of this compound produces 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MeOE2), which is a potent inhibitor of both cell proliferation and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3,5(10)-Estratrien-2,3-diol-17-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-HYDROXYESTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyestrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyestrone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyestrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-OHE(1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-OHE1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Catecholestrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estra-1,3,5(1)-Trien-17-One, 2,3-Dihydroxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0046200"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"362-06-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UQS3A06ILY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H22O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_2-Hydroxyestrone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:1156"}]}}{"C85482":{"preferredName":"2-Hydroxyflutamide Depot","code":"C85482","definitions":[{"description":"A depot formulation containing a bioresorbable, controlled-release, calcium sulphate-based paste of the nonsteroidal antiandrogen 2-hydroxyflutamide (2-HOF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon injection into the tumor site in the prostate, 2-hydroxyflutamide depot slowly releases 2-HOF, which competitively binds to androgen receptors (ARs), blocking the binding of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This may inhibit androgen-dependent DNA and protein synthesis, resulting in tumor cell growth arrest and decreased cellular proliferation. In addition, 2-HOF inhibits nuclear uptake of androgen in androgen-responsive tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Hydroxyflutamide Controlled-Release Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyflutamide Depot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liproca","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412370"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648122"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648122"}]}}{"C105401":{"preferredName":"2-Hydroxyoleic Acid","code":"C105401","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, synthetic analog of the fatty acid oleic acid, with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration, 2-hydroxyoleic acid (2OHOA) activates sphingomyelin synthase (SMS), thereby increasing the concentration of sphingomyelin (SM) and diacylglycerol (DAG) in the tumor cell membrane and decreasing membrane levels of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). This restores the normal, healthy levels and ratios of membrane lipids. By restoring normal membrane lipid structure and composition, this agent inhibits membrane-protein associated signaling and the aberrant activity of signaling pathways in certain tumor cells, including the Ras/MAPK and PI3K/AKt pathways. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation, induces tumor cell differentiation, and eventually can cause cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Hydroxyoleic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-OHOA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2OHOA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Minerval","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1566317"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746793"}]}}{"C965":{"preferredName":"2-Methoxyestradiol","code":"C965","definitions":[{"description":"2ME2. A drug derived from estrogen that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors. It prevents the formation of new blood vessels that tumors need in order to grow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable estradiol metabolite with potential antineoplastic activity. 2-Methoxyestradiol inhibits angiogenesis by reducing endothelial cell proliferation and inducing endothelial cell apoptosis. This agent also inhibits tumor cell growth by binding to tubulin, resulting in antimitotic activity, and by inducing caspase activation, resulting in cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(17beta)-2-Methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-METHOXYESTRADIOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2-MeE2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-MeOE2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Methoxy Estradiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Methoxyestradiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2-Methoxyestradiol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2-Methoxyestradiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-methoxyestradiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"2ME2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panzem","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"659853"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0046319"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"362-07-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6I2QW73SR5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38472"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38472"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H26O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_2-Methoxyestradiol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28955"}]}}{"C62603":{"preferredName":"2-Methoxyestradiol Nanocrystal Colloidal Dispersion","code":"C62603","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable liquid formulation containing the small molecule 2-methoxyestradiol with potential antineoplastic activity. 2-Methoxyestradiol, a naturally occurring estradiol metabolite, exerts its antitumor effect by inhibiting endothelial cells as well as tumor cells through multiple mechanisms. This agent binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule formation, thereby preventing mitosis and subsequent cellular proliferation. In addition, 2-methoxyestradiol induces caspase activation, resulting in cell cycle arrest in G2 phase and apoptosis in due course. This agent also down-regulates hypoxia inducible factor-one alpha (HIF-1a). The nanocrystal colloidal dispersion increases the absorption of 2-methoxyestradiol, thereby improving its bioavailability, which results in enhanced drug plasma levels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methoxyestradiol Nanocrystal Colloidal Dispersion","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2-Methoxyestradiol Nanocrystal Colloidal Dispersion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panzem NCD","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831865"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488412"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488412"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_2-Methoxyestradiol_Nanocrystal_Colloidal_Dispersion"}]}}{"C120472":{"preferredName":"2-Methoxyestrone","code":"C120472","definitions":[{"description":"A metabolite formed during the methylation of 2-hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1) by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), with potential anticarcinogenic and minimal estrogen activities. The mechanism of action for the antitumor activity of 2-methoxyestrone (2-OMeE1) is not known. A high 2-methoxyestrone (2-OMeE1)/2-OHE1 ratio indicates higher methylation efficiency and correlates with a lower cancer risk.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-MeE1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-MeOE1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Methoxyestrone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2-Methoxyestrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-OMeE1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Hydroxy-2-Methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-Trien-17-One","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0046322"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"362-08-3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:1189"}]}}{"C99130":{"preferredName":"Dociparstat sodium","code":"C99130","definitions":[{"description":"A heparin derivative in which the 2-O and 3-O sulfate groups of heparin are removed and that lacks anticoagulant activity, with potential anti-inflammatory, immodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dociparstat sodium binds to both chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). This prevents the interaction of CXCL12 with CXCR4, blocks CXCR4 activation, and may result in decreased proliferation and migration in CXCR4-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, inhibition of CXCL12/CXCR4 interaction may induce mobilization of hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow into the blood. In addition, dociparstat sodium prevents the interaction of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) with its ligands, including advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), Mac-1(CD11b/CD18), the nuclear pro-inflammatory protein high mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB-1), carboxymethyl lysine-bovine serum albumin (CML-BSA) and members of the S100 calgranulin family. In addition, this agent inhibits the enzymes heparanase, cathepsin G, and human leukocyte elastase, which are involved in inflammation and metastasis. Altogether, this may inhibit tumor cell invasiveness and metastasis. Dociparstat sodium also binds to platelet factor 4 (PF4 or CXCL4) and may prevent PF4's inhibitory effect on platelet production. This may increase platelet production. Unlike heparin, this agent does not induce heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). RAGE, a receptor belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays a key role in inflammation and is overexpressed in a variety of cancers. CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family that plays an important role in chemotaxis, chemoresistance and angiogenesis, and is upregulated in several tumor cell types. The interaction between CXCL12/CXCR4 induces retention of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,3-o-Desulfated Heparin (12000 da)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOCIPARSTAT SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dociparstat sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dociparstat sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"O-desulfated Heparin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODSH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PGX-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PGX-ODSH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PGX100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0915548"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"177021-00-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4O75889WF4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715907"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715907"}]}}{"C29475":{"preferredName":"3'-C-ethynylcytidine","code":"C29475","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic cytidine nucleoside containing a covalently bound ethynyl group with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. 3'-C-ethynylcytidine is metabolized in tumor cells to ethynylcytidine triphosphate (ECTP), which inhibits RNA synthesis by competitive inhibition of RNA polymerases I, II and III; subsequently, RNase L is activated, resulting in apoptosis. RNase L is a potent antiviral and antiproliferative endoribonuclease that cleaves singled stranded RNA, causes 28s rRNA fragmentation, and activates Janus Kinase (JAK), a mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis signaling molecule.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(3-C-ethynyl-beta-D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)cytosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3'-C-Ethynylcytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"3'-C-ethynylcytidine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"3'-C-ethynylcytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3'-C-ethynylcytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECdy","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECyd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0533115"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"180300-43-0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614024"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"TAS-106"}]}}{"C971":{"preferredName":"4'-Iodo-4'-Deoxydoxorubicin","code":"C971","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer, and for primary systemic amyloidosis (a disease in which proteins are deposited in specific organs). It belongs to the family of drugs called anthracycline analogues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An iodinated doxorubicin analogue with antiamyloid activity. 4'-Iodo-4'-deoxydoxorubicin (IDOX) binds with high affinity to five types of natural amyloid fibrils including immunoglobulin light chains, amyloid A, transthyretin (methionine-30 variant), beta-protein (Alzheimer), and beta2-microglobulin. This agent may inhibit fibril growth, increasing the solubility of amyloid tissue deposits and facilitating their clearance. IDOX has also been shown to insulin amyloid fibrillogenesis in vitro.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-Deoxy-4'-Iododoxorubicin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Iodo-4'-Deoxydoxorubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"4'-Iodo-4'-Deoxydoxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDOX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodo-Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iododoxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iododoxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"378901"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0047758"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83997-75-5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41162"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41162"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_4_Iodo-4_Deoxydoxorubicin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:47897"}]}}{"C977":{"preferredName":"4-Nitroestrone 3-Methyl Ether","code":"C977","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic derivative of estradiol. 4-nitroestrone 3-methyl ether inhibits estrogen sulfotransferase (EST), a progesterone-induced secretory endometrial enzyme which affects estrogen receptor levels. This agent has been shown to be an effective growth inhibitor of some chemically induced animal mammary tumors. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Nitroestrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Nitroestrone 3-Methyl Ether","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Nitroestrone 3-methyl ether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"321803"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048573"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"14846-62-9"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39339"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39339"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_4-Nitroestrone_3-Methyl_Ether"}]}}{"C121828":{"preferredName":"4-Thio-2-deoxycytidine","code":"C121828","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable 4-thio modified 2-deoxycytidine analog, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of 4-thio-2-deoxycytidine (TdCyd), this cytidine analog gets incorporated into DNA during replication and inhibits the activity of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), which blocks DNA hypermethylation. This results in DNMT1 depletion, hypomethylation of DNA, and the reactivation of tumor suppressor genes that were silenced by hypermethylation; this results in antitumor activity and an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-Thio-2'-deoxycytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Thio-2-deoxycytidine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"4-Thio-2-deoxycytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-dCyd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TdCyd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0647434"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"134111-30-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771603"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771603"}]}}{"C153479":{"preferredName":"5-Aza-4'-thio-2'-deoxycytidine","code":"C153479","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, nucleoside analog and DNA methyltransferase I (DNMT1) inhibitor, with potential DNA hypomethylating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, 5-aza-4'-thio-2'-deoxycytidine (Aza-TdC) gets incorporated into DNA, where it binds to the active site of DNMT1, a maintenance methyltransferase that contributes to the hypermethylation and silencing of tumor suppressor genes. The formation of covalent DNMT1-DNA complexes inhibits DNMT1, prevents DNA methylation of CpG sites, causes CpG demethylation, and results in the re-expression and re-activation of silenced tumor suppressor genes. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation. DNMT1, overactivated in tumor cells, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Aza-4'-thio-2'-deoxycytidine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"5-Aza-4'-thio-2'-deoxycytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Aza-4-thio-2-deoxycytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Aza-TdCyd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aza-TdC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aza-TdCyd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"777586"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554978"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794175"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794175"}]}}{"C62785":{"preferredName":"5-Fluoro-2-Deoxycytidine","code":"C62785","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It may prevent the growth of tumors by stopping cancer cells from dividing and by killing them. It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antimetabolite consisting of a fluorinated pyrimidine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. As a prodrug, 5-fluoro-2-deoxycytidine is converted by intracellular deaminases to the cytotoxic agent 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). 5-FU is subsequently metabolized to active metabolites including 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP). FdUMP binds to and inhibits thymidylate synthase, thereby reducing the production of thymidine monophosphate, which leads to depletion of thymidine triphosphate. This inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division. FUTP competes with uridine triphosphate for incorporation into the RNA strand thus leading to an inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis. Other fluorouracil metabolites also get incorporated into both DNA and RNA, thereby further hampering cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-FLUORO-2'-DEOXYCYTIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-2-Deoxycytidine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-2-Deoxycytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-fluoro-2-deoxycytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cytidine, 2'-deoxy-5-fluoro-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FdCyd","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"FdCyd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 5-1090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"48006"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0049174"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10356-76-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KUA4693H5W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"509184"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"509184"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H12FN3O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_5-Fluoro-2-Deoxycytidine"}]}}{"C113787":{"preferredName":"6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatases Isoform 3 Inhibitor ACT-PFK-158","code":"C113787","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatases (PFK-2/FBPase) isoform 3 (PFKFB3) and derivative of 3-(3-pyridinyl)-1-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-one (3PO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PFKFB3 inhibitor PFK-158 binds to and inhibits the activity of PFKFB3, which leads to the inhibition of both the glycolytic pathway in and glucose uptake by cancer cells. This prevents the production of macromolecules and energy that causes the enhanced cellular proliferation in cancer cells as compared to that of normal, healthy cells. Depriving cancer cells of nutrients and energy leads to the inhibition of cancer cell growth. PFKFB3, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, is highly expressed and active in human cancer cells; it plays a key role in increasing both glycolytic flux in and proliferation of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatases Isoform 3 Inhibitor ACT-PFK-158","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACT-PFK-158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PFK-158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PFKFB3 Inhibitor PFK-158","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471768"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757225"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757225"}]}}{"C1611":{"preferredName":"7-Cyanoquinocarcinol","code":"C1611","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics. It is an anthracycline.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic analogue of the Streptomyces melanovinaceus-derived tetracyclic antitumor antibiotic quinocarmycin with potential antineoplastic activity. Quinocarmycin belongs to the naphthyridinomycin/saframycin class of antitumor antibiotics. These antibiotics appear to act through DNA alkylation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-DX 52-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"7-Cyanoquinocarcinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DX 52-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DX-52-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DX-52-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"607097"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0294165"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42444"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42444"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_7-Cyanoquinocarcinol"}]}}{"C61618":{"preferredName":"7-Ethyl-10-Hydroxycamptothecin","code":"C61618","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-ETHYL-10-HYDROXYCAMPTOTHECIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"7-Ethyl-10-Hydroxycamptothecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Ethyl-10-hydroxy-20(S)-camptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN 38","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN-38","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0142710"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"86639-52-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0H43101T0J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H20N2O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_7-Ethyl-10-Hydroxycamptothecin"}]}}{"C1271":{"preferredName":"7-Hydroxystaurosporine","code":"C1271","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called staurosporine analogues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of staurosporine with antineoplastic activity. 7-hydroxystaurosporine inhibits many phosphokinases, including the serine/threonine kinase AKT, calcium-dependent protein kinase C, and cyclin-dependent kinases. This agent arrests tumor cells in the G1/S of the cell cycle and prevents nucleotide excision repair by inhibiting the G2 checkpoint kinase chk1, resulting in apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-UCN-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2,3,9,10,11,12-Hexahydro-3-hydroxy-9-methoxy-8-methyl-10-(methylamino)-8,12-epoxy-1H,8H-2,7b,12a-triazadibenzo(a,g)cyclonona(cde)triinden-1-one","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"7-HYDROXYSTAUROSPORINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxy-staurosporine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxystaurosporine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxystaurosporine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxystaurosporine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8,12-Epoxy-1H,8H-2,7b,12a-triazadibenzo[a, g]cyclonona[cde] Trinden-1-one, 2,3,9,10,11, 12-hexahydro-3-hydroxy-9-methoxy-8-methyl-10-(methylamino)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCN-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"UCN-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"UCN-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"638850"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077681"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"112953-11-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7BU5H4V94A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42305"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42305"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H26N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_7-Hydroxystaurosporine"}]}}{"C28788":{"preferredName":"8-Azaguanine","code":"C28788","definitions":[{"description":"A purine analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. 8-Azaguanine interferes with the modification of transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) by competing with guanine for incorporation into tRNA catalyzed by the enzyme tRNA-guanine ribosyltransferase (tRNA-guanine transglycosylase). Altered guanine modification of tRNA has been implicated in cellular differentiation and neoplastic transformation. 8-Azaguanine also inhibits the formation of 43S and 80S initiation complexes, thereby interfering with initiation of translation and inhibiting protein synthesis. This agent inhibits tumor cell growth and stimulates cell differentiation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Amino-1,4-dihydro-7H-1,2,3-triazolo(4,5-d)pyrimidin-7-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Amino-1H-v-triazolo(d)pyrimidin-7-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Amino-7-hydroxy-1H-v-triazolo(d)pyrimidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8 AG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-AZAGUANINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"8-Azaguanine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Guanazolo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pathocidin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SF-337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SK 1150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triazologuanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"749"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"223526"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004476"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"134-58-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q150359I72"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H4N6O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_8-Azaguanine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63486"}]}}{"C28789":{"preferredName":"9-Ethyl 6-Mercaptopurine","code":"C28789","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic alkyl derivative prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP). In vivo, 9-ethyl 6-mercaptopurine appears to be converted to 6-MP, which substitutes for the normal nucleoside and fraudulently incorporates into DNA and inhibits de novo purine synthesis, thereby inducing cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-Ethyl 6-MP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Ethyl 6-Mercaptopurine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"14575"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0626019"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5427-20-3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_9-Ethyl_6-Mercaptopurine"}]}}{"C28793":{"preferredName":"9H-Purine-6Thio-98D","code":"C28793","definitions":[{"description":"An antimetabolite analogue of purine with antineoplastic and immuno-suppressant properties. 9H-Purine-6Thio-98D substitutes for the normal nucleoside and fraudulently incorporates into DNA and inhibits de novo purine synthesis, thereby inducing cell death. In vivo, this agent, also known as 6MP-arabinoside, may occur as a metabolite of the antineoplastic agent mercaptopurine. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9H-Purine-6Thio-98D","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515473"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_9H-Purine-6Thio-98D"}]}}{"C53399":{"preferredName":"ADH-1","code":"C53399","definitions":[{"description":"A small, cyclic pentapeptide vascular-targeting agent with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. ADH-1 selectively and competitively binds to and blocks N-cadherin, which may result in disruption of tumor vasculature, inhibition of tumor cell growth, and the induction of tumor cell and endothelial cell apoptosis. N-cadherin, a cell- surface transmembrane glycoprotein of the cadherin superfamily of proteins involved in calcium-mediated cell-cell adhesion and signaling mechanisms; may be upregulated in some aggressive tumors and the endothelial cells and pericytes of some tumor blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADH-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ADH-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exherin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706644"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462569"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462569"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ADH-1"}]}}{"C91719":{"preferredName":"AE37 Peptide/GM-CSF Vaccine","code":"C91719","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine containing HER2/Neu-derived epitope (amino acids 776-790) linked to li-Key peptide (li-Key/HER2/neu hybrid peptide or AE37), and combined with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential antineoplastic and immunoadjuvant activities. Upon vaccination, AE37 may activate the immune system and stimulate T-helper cells against HER2/Neu expressing cancer cells. GM-CSF may potentiate the immune response against cancer cells expressing the HER2/Neu antigen. The Ii-Key moiety, a 4-amino acid (LRMK) epitope from the MHC class II-associated invariant chain (Ii protein), increases T-helper cell stimulation against HER2/neu antigen when compared to unmodified class II epitopes. HER2/neu, a tumor associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and is highly immunogenic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AE-37 Peptide/GM-CSF Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AE37 Peptide/GM-CSF Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AE37 Peptide/GM-CSF Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376182"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564693"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564693"}]}}{"C156414":{"preferredName":"AKR1C3-activated Prodrug OBI-3424","code":"C156414","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule nitro-benzene, aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3)-activated prodrug of N,N'-bisethylenephosphoramidate, a DNA bis-alkylating agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, AKR1C3-activated prodrug OBI-3424 is converted to its active form by AKR1C3, which is upregulated in certain tumor cell types while not expressed in normal healthy cells. The active metabolite selectively binds to and alkylates DNA in AKR1C3-overexpressing tumor cells, resulting in DNA base pair mismatching, interstrand crosslinking and inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. As the expression of AKR1C3 is restricted to tumors, OBI-3424 is selectively converted to its active metabolite in tumor cells only while its conversion in normal, healthy tissue is absent; this allows for an increased cytotoxic effect of the alkylating agent in tumor cells while decreasing its toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AKR1C3-activated Prodrug OBI-3424","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AKR1C3-activated Prodrug OBI-3424","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AKR1C3-activated Prodrug TH-3424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aldo-keto Reductase 1c3-activated Prodrug OBI-3424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI 3424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI-3424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI3424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TH 3424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TH-3424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TH3424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563114"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795700"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795700"}]}}{"C111575":{"preferredName":"AKT 1/2 Inhibitor BAY1125976","code":"C111575","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B) isoforms 1 and 2 (AKT1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. AKT1/2 inhibitor BAY1125976 selectively binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation and activity of AKT1/2 in a non-ATP competitive manner, which may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. This may lead to both the reduction of cell proliferation and the induction of cell apoptosis in AKT-overexpressing tumor cells. The AKT signaling pathway is often deregulated in cancer and is associated with tumor cell proliferation, survival and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AKT 1/2 Inhibitor BAY1125976","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AKT 1/2 Inhibitor BAY1125976","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1125976","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL453983"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752318"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752318"}]}}{"C99172":{"preferredName":"AKT Inhibitor ARQ 092","code":"C99172","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. AKT inhibitor ARQ 092 binds to and inhibits the activity of AKT in a non-ATP competitive manner, which may result in the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This may lead to the reduction in tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The AKT signaling pathway is often deregulated in cancer and is associated with tumor cell proliferation, survival and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AKT Inhibitor ARQ 092","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ 092","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274586"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717768"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717768"}]}}{"C116727":{"preferredName":"ALK Inhibitor ASP3026","code":"C116727","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ASP3026 binds to and inhibits ALK tyrosine kinase, ALK fusion proteins and ALK point mutation variants. Inhibition of ALK leads to the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK-expressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK is not expressed in healthy adult human tissue but ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. Additionally, ALK mutations are associated with acquired resistance to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor ASP3026","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor ASP3026","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-3026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP3026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2-[2-Methoxy-4-[4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-piperidinyl]phenyl]-N4-[2-[(1-methylethyl)sulfonyl]phenyl]-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896911"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1097917-15-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694592"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694592"}]}}{"C148533":{"preferredName":"ALK Inhibitor PLB 1003","code":"C148533","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PLB1003 selectively binds to and inhibits wild-type ALK, ALK fusion proteins and ALK point mutation variants. Inhibition of ALK leads to the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-expressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK is not expressed in healthy adult human tissue but ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. ALK mutations are associated with acquired resistance to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor PLB 1003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLB 1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLB-1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLB1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551132"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792707"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792707"}]}}{"C105615":{"preferredName":"ALK Inhibitor RO5424802","code":"C105615","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALK inhibitor RO5424802 binds to and inhibits ALK kinase, which leads to a disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. Additionally, ALK mutations are associated with acquired resistance to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor RO5424802","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor RO5424802","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5424802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446452"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747398"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747398"}]}}{"C154279":{"preferredName":"ALK Inhibitor WX-0593","code":"C154279","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, WX-0593 binds to and inhibits ALK tyrosine kinase, ALK fusion proteins, ALK point mutation variants ALK L1196M, ALK C1156Y, and EGFR L858R/T790M. Inhibition of ALK leads to the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK-expressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK is not expressed in healthy adult human tissue but ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. Additionally, ALK mutations are associated with acquired resistance to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor WX-0593","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FL 006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FL-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FL006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX 0593","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX-0593","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX0593","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555276"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794180"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794180"}]}}{"C156729":{"preferredName":"ALK-2 Inhibitor TP-0184","code":"C156729","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of activin A receptor type 1 (activin receptor-like kinase 2; ALK2; ALK-2; ACRV1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ALK-2 Inhibitor TP-0184 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK-2. This prevents ALK-2-mediated signaling and inhibits cell growth in ALK-2-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, in cancer and inflammatory conditions, ALK-2 is upregulated in response to increased signaling of pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially interleukin-6 (IL-6), and enhances the secretion of hepcidin, a peptide liver hormone and a key modulator of iron homeostasis. Blocking ALK-2-mediated pathways in inflammation and cancer leads to a decrease of hepcidin expression and restores plasma iron levels, thereby preventing low serum iron levels and anemia of chronic disease (ACD). ALK-2, a serine/threonine receptor kinase, is constitutively activated due to activating mutations or upregulated upstream signaling pathways in inflammatory conditions and certain types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACVR1 Inhibitor TP-0184","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALK-2 Inhibitor TP-0184","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ALK-2 Inhibitor TP-0184","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALK2 Inhibitor TP-0184","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP 0184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP-0184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP0184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935854"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795585"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795585"}]}}{"C111685":{"preferredName":"ALK-FAK Inhibitor CEP-37440","code":"C111685","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available dual kinase inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALK-FAK inhibitor CEP-37440 selectively binds to and inhibits ALK kinase and FAK kinase. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK- and FAK-mediated signal transduction pathways and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK- and FAK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development; its dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a variety of tumors. The cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase FAK, a signal transducer for integrins, is upregulated and constitutively activated in various tumor types; it plays a key role in tumor cell migration, proliferation, survival, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK-FAK Inhibitor CEP-37440","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ALK-FAK Inhibitor CEP-37440","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-37440","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454076"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752740"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752740"}]}}{"C126648":{"preferredName":"ALK/FAK/Pyk2 Inhibitor CT-707","code":"C126648","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALK/FAK/Pyk2 inhibitor CT-707 selectively binds to and inhibits ALK , FAK and Pyk2. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK- , FAK- and Pyk2-mediated signal transduction pathways and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-, FAK- and Pyk2-overexpressing tumor cells. Expression of these tyrosine kinases is dysregulated in various tumor types; they play a key role in tumor cell migration, proliferation, survival, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK/FAK/Pyk2 Inhibitor CT-707","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT 707","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-707","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503764"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779790"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779790"}]}}{"C114287":{"preferredName":"ALK/TRK Inhibitor TSR-011","code":"C114287","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of both the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and the tropomyosin-related kinases (TRK) TRKA, TRKB, and TRKC, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALK/TRK inhibitor TSR-011 binds to and inhibits both ALK and TRK kinases. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK- and TRK-mediated signaling and impedes tumor cell growth in ALK/TRK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development; ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. TRK, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK/TRK Inhibitor TSR-011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSR-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471796"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757983"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757983"}]}}{"C148513":{"preferredName":"ALK/c-Met Inhibitor TQ-B3139","code":"C148513","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, TQ-B3139 binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK and c-Met, which leads to the disruption of ALK- and c-Met-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK- and c-Met-expressing tumor cells. ALK and c-Met, overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK/c-Met Inhibitor TQ-B3139","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQ B3139","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQ-B3139","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551150"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792652"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792652"}]}}{"C48640":{"preferredName":"APC8015F","code":"C48640","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine made from immune system cells taken from a patient with prostate cancer and frozen for future use. The cells are treated in the laboratory with a growth factor attached to a protein called prostatic-acid phosphatase (PAP), which is found on prostate cancer cells. When APC8015F is injected into the patient, it may cause T cells (a type of white blood cell) to kill tumor cells that have PAP on them.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cell-based vaccine composed of previously frozen autologous antigen-presenting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (enriched for a dendritic cell fraction) that have been exposed to a recombinant protein consisting of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) fused to prostatic-acid phosphatase (PAP), a protein expressed by prostate cancer cells. Upon administration, the vaccine may stimulate an antitumor T-cell response against tumor cells expressing PAP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APC 8015F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APC8015F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"APC8015F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APC8015F","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"APC8015F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541593"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385490"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385490"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"APC8015F"}]}}{"C150216":{"preferredName":"APE1/Ref-1 Redox Inhibitor APX3330","code":"C150216","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/reduction-oxidation (redox) effector factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1; APEX1), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the APE1/Ref-1 Inhibitor APX3330 selectively targets and binds to APE1/Ref-1. This inhibits the redox-dependent signaling activity of APE1/Ref-1, by preventing the reduction and activation of numerous APE1/Ref-1-dependent oncogenic transcription factors (TFs), such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), AP-1, STAT3, p53, NRF2 and HIF-1alpha, that are involved in signaling, cell proliferation, tumor progression and survival of cancer cells. Therefore, this agent inhibits the activation of multiple TF-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits tumor cell proliferation and survival. APE1/Ref-1, a multifunctional protein overexpressed in many cancer cell types, plays a key role as a redox regulator of transcription factor activation and in base excision repair upon DNA damage. It drives cancer cell proliferation, migration, drug resistance, angiogenesis and inflammation and its expression level correlates with increased tumor aggressiveness and decreased patient survival. APX3330 specifically blocks the redox activity of APE1/Ref-1 and does not affect its ability to act as a DNA repair endonuclease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APE1/Ref-1 Inhibitor APX3330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APE1/Ref-1 Redox Inhibitor APX3330","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"APE1/Ref-1 Redox Inhibitor APX3330","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APX 3330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APX-3330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APX3330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E 3330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E3330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[(2E)-2-[(4,5-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,6-dioxo-1,4-cyclohexadien-1-yl)methylene]-undecanoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551955"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794415"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794415"}]}}{"C62522":{"preferredName":"AR Antagonist BMS-641988","code":"C62522","definitions":[{"description":"An androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic and anti-androgenic activities. BMS-641988 binds to the androgen receptor in target tissues, thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation, and facilitates the formation of inactive complexes that cannot be translocated to the nucleus. This may inhibit androgen-dependent gene expression, subsequently leading to an inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis in AR-expressing cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR Antagonist BMS-641988","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AR Antagonist BMS-641988","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-641988","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831892"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489385"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489385"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BMS-641988"}]}}{"C161803":{"preferredName":"ARC Fusion Protein SL-279252","code":"C161803","definitions":[{"description":"An agonist redirected checkpoint (ARC) fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domains of human programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4; OX40 ligand; OX40L; CD252), linked by a central Fc domain (PD1-Fc-OX40L), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, ARC fusion protein SL-279252 simultaneously binds to both tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4; OX40) and PD-1 expressed on T-lymphocytes. Stimulation of OX40 may promote cytokine production and induce proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes against tumor cells, while PD-1 binding disrupts PD-1 signaling and may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells. This may enhance the immune-mediated elimination of tumor cells more effectively than PD-1 blockade or OX40-agonism alone. OX40L, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family, provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; CD274) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARC Fusion Protein SL-279252","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ARC Fusion Protein SL-279252","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agonist Redirected Checkpoint Fusion Protein SL-279252","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD1-Fc-OX40L ARC Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL 279252","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL-279252","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL279252","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C122720":{"preferredName":"ASP4132","code":"C122720","definitions":[{"description":"A molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ASP4132 affects oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria of metabolically-active tumor cells, which reduces both energy production and tumor cell proliferation. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is hyperactivated in tumor cells and plays a key role in the promotion of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP4132","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055601"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770100"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770100"}]}}{"C138076":{"preferredName":"ATM Inhibitor M 3541","code":"C138076","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM), with potential chemo-/radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, M 3541 targets and binds to ATM, thereby inhibiting the kinase activity of ATM and ATM-mediated signaling. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, induces tumor cell apoptosis, and leads to cell death of ATM-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, M 3541 sensitizes tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy. ATM, a serine/threonine protein kinase, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types; it is activated in response to DNA damage and plays a key role in DNA-strand repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATM Inhibitor M 3541","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ATM Inhibitor M 3541","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Kinase Inhibitor M 3541","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 3541","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M3541","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525064"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790665"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790665"}]}}{"C124648":{"preferredName":"ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD0156","code":"C124648","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase inhibitor, with potential chemo-/radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, AZD0156 targets and binds to ATM, thereby inhibiting the kinase activity of ATM and ATM-mediated signaling. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, induces tumor cell apoptosis, and leads to cell death of ATM-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, AZD0156 sensitizes tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy. ATM, a serine/threonine protein kinase, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types; it is activated in response to DNA damage and plays a key role in DNA-strand repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD0156","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD0156","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502880"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776772"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776772"}]}}{"C150167":{"preferredName":"ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1390","code":"C150167","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AZD1390 targets and binds to ATM, thereby inhibiting the kinase activity of ATM and ATM-mediated signaling. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, induces tumor cell apoptosis, and leads to cell death in ATM-overexpressing tumor cells. AZD1390 hypersensitizes tumors to chemo/radiotherapy. In addition, AZD1390 is able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). ATM, a serine/threonine protein kinase belonging to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase (PIKK) family of protein kinases, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types. It is activated in response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and plays a key role in DNA repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-Fluoro-1-isopropyl-3-methyl-8-(6-(3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)pyridin-3-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-2(3H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1390","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1390","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD1390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552001"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2089288-03-7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C146807":{"preferredName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor BAY1895344","code":"C146807","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR)-specific kinase inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ATR kinase inhibitor BAY1895344 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of ATR, which prevents ATR-mediated signaling. This inhibits DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair and induces apoptosis in ATR-overexpressing tumor cells. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in DNA repair, cell cycle progression and cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATR Inhibitor BAY1895344","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor BAY1895344","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor BAY1895344","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1895344","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1895344","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1895344","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544748"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C116355":{"preferredName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor M6620","code":"C116355","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and rad3-related (ATR) kinase, a DNA damage response kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ATR kinase inhibitor M6620 selectively binds to and inhibits ATR kinase activity and prevents ATR-mediated signaling in the ATR-checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) signaling pathway. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, and induces tumor cell apoptosis. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in DNA repair, cell cycle progression, and survival; it is activated by DNA damage caused during DNA replication-associated stress.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor M6620","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor M6620","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 6620","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M6620","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX-970","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896746"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761970"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761970"}]}}{"C129693":{"preferredName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor VX-803","code":"C129693","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ATR kinase inhibitor VX-803 selectively inhibits ATR activity and blocks the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase CHK1. This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, which results in the inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, the disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in DNA repair, cell cycle progression and survival; it is activated by DNA damage caused during DNA replication-associated stress.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor VX-803","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor VX-803","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 4344","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M-4344","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M4344","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX 803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX-803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507788"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C152976":{"preferredName":"AXL Inhibitor DS-1205c","code":"C152976","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL (UFO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DS-1205c targets, binds to and prevents the activation of AXL. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways and inhibits tumor cell proliferation and migration. AXL, a member of the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed by many tumor cell types. It plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis; its expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXL Inhibitor DS-1205c","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AXL Inhibitor DS-1205c","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS 1205c","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-1205c","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS1205c","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554179"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793863"}]}}{"C132025":{"preferredName":"AXL Receptor Tyrosine Kinase/cMET Inhibitor BPI-9016M","code":"C132025","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL; UFO) and the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, AXL receptor tyrosine kinase/cMET inhibitor BPI-9016M, binds to both AXL and cMet, thereby disrupting both AXL- and c-Met-mediated signaling pathways. Altogether, this agent inhibits growth in AXL and cMet-overexpressing tumor cells. AXL, a member of the TAM (TYRO3, AXL and MER) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, and cMet, both overexpressed by many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXL Receptor Tyrosine Kinase/cMET Inhibitor BPI-9016M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AXL/cMET Inhibitor BPI-9016M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI 9016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI-9016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI-9016M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520367"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786576"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786576"}]}}{"C26449":{"preferredName":"Abagovomab","code":"C26449","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG1 monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody, containing a variable antigen-binding region that functionally mimics the three-dimensional structure of a specific epitope on the ovarian cancer tumor-associated antigen CA-125, with potential antineoplastic activity. With a variable antigen-binding region that acts as a surrogate antigen for CA-125, abagovomab may stimulate the host immune system to elicit humoral and cellular immune responses against CA-125-positive tumor cells, resulting in inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABAGOVOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abagovomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Abagovomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody ACA125 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VaccinOvar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832044"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"792921-10-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3YK0326U7X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299488"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299488"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_ACA125_Anti-Idiotype_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2015":{"preferredName":"Abarelix","code":"C2015","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to reduce the amount of testosterone made in patients with advanced symptomatic prostate cancer for which no other treatment options are available. It belongs to the family of drugs called gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic decapeptide and antagonist of naturally occurring gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Abarelix directly and competitively binds to and blocks the gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor in the anterior pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting the secretion and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the release of testosterone. As a result, this may relieve symptoms associated with prostate hypertrophy or prostate cancer, since testosterone is required to sustain prostate growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABARELIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abarelix","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Abarelix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PPI-149","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plenaxis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Plenaxis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-3827","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"abarelix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1174732"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"183552-38-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Prostate Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W486SJ5824"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415570"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415570"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C72H95ClN14O14"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Abarelix"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:337298"}]}}{"C97660":{"preferredName":"Abemaciclib","code":"C97660","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that targets the CDK4 (cyclin D1) and CDK6 (cyclin D3) cell cycle pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Abemaciclib specifically inhibits CDK4 and 6, thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation in early G1. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, thereby arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase, suppressing DNA synthesis and inhibiting cancer cell growth. Overexpression of the serine/threonine kinases CDK4/6, as seen in certain types of cancer, causes cell cycle deregulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyrimidinamine, N-(5-((4-ethyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl)-2-pyridinyl)-5-fluoro-4-(4-fluoro-2-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABEMACICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abemaciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2835219","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2835219","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verzenio","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3852841"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1231929-97-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"60UAB198HK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"706364"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"706364"}]}}{"C162507":{"preferredName":"Abemaciclib Mesylate","code":"C162507","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt of abemaciclib, an orally available cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that targets the cyclin D1-CDK4 and cyclin D3-CDK6 cell cycle pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Abemaciclib specifically inhibits CDK4 and 6, thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation in early G1. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, thereby arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase, suppressing DNA synthesis and inhibiting cancer cell growth. Overexpression of the serine/threonine kinases CDK4/6, as seen in certain types of cancer, causes cell cycle deregulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABEMACICLIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abemaciclib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2835219 Methanesulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2835219 methanesulfonate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1231930-82-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KKT462Q807"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C68920":{"preferredName":"Abexinostat","code":"C68920","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It blocks enzymes needed for cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable hydroxamate-based pan-inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. Upon administration, abexinostat inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling; the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes; and the tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, abexinostat decreases the expression of the DNA-repair protein RAD51, thereby reducing the RAD51 protein, preventing repair of DNA double-strand breaks and increasing sensitivity of tumor cells to DNA damaging agents. HDAC, upregulated in many tumor types, is an enzyme that is responsible for the deacetylation of chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-benzofurancarboxamide, 3-((dimethylamino)methyl)-n-(2-(4-((hydroxyamino)carbonyl)phenoxy)ethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-((dimethylamino)methyl)-N-(2-(4-(hydroxycarbamoyl)phenoxy)ethyl)-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABEXINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abexinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Abexinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRA-024781","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CRA-024781","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor PCI-24781","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCI-24781","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3537177"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"783355-60-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IYO470654U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"553625"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"553625"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H23N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HDAC_Inhibitor_CRA-024781"}]}}{"C160889":{"preferredName":"Abexinostat Tosylate","code":"C160889","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate salt form of abexinostat, an orally bioavailable hydroxamate-based pan-inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. Upon administration, abexinostat inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling; the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes; and the tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, abexinostat decreases the expression of the DNA-repair protein RAD51, thereby reducing the RAD51 protein, preventing repair of DNA double-strand breaks and increasing sensitivity of tumor cells to DNA damaging agents. HDAC, upregulated in many tumor types, is an enzyme that is responsible for the deacetylation of chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abexinostat Tosylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Abexinostat Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCI-24781 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"553625"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"553625"}]}}{"C77333":{"preferredName":"Abiraterone","code":"C77333","definitions":[{"description":"A steroidal compound with antiandrogen activity. Abiraterone inhibits the enzymatic activity of steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase (17alpha-hydrolase/C17,20 lyase complex; CYP17A1), a member of the cytochrome p450 family that catalyzes the 17alpha-hydroxylation of steroid intermediates involved in testosterone synthesis. Administration of this agent may suppress testosterone production by both the testes and the adrenals to castrate-range levels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-(3-Pyridyl)androsta-5,16-dien-3beta-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABIRATERONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abiraterone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Abiraterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB 7598","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0754011"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154229-19-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G819A456D0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H31NO"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Abiraterone"}]}}{"C68845":{"preferredName":"Abiraterone Acetate","code":"C68845","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of prostate cancer and breast cancer. It blocks tissues from making androgens (male hormones), such as testosterone. This may cause the death of cancer cells that need androgens to grow. It is a type of anti-androgen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active acetate ester form of the steroidal compound abiraterone with antiandrogen activity. Abiraterone inhibits the enzymatic activity of steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase (17alpha-hydrolase/C17,20 lyase complex), a member of the cytochrome p450 family that catalyzes the 17alpha-hydroxylation of steroid intermediates involved in testosterone synthesis. Administration of this agent may suppress testosterone production by both the testes and the adrenals to castrate-range levels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-(3-Pyridyl)-5,16-androstadien-3beta-acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABIRATERONE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abiraterone Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Abiraterone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androsta-5,16-dien-3-ol, 17-(3-pyridinyl)-, acetate (ester), (3beta)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB7630","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yonsa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zytiga","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"abiraterone acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2607886"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154229-18-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Castration-resistant prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EM5OCB9YJ6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"552704"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"552704"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H33NO2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Abiraterone_Acetate"}]}}{"C82422":{"preferredName":"Abituzumab","code":"C82422","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human alpha v integrin subunit with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Abituzumab, a chimeric antibody which includes the antigen binding sites of the anti-integrin mouse antibody 17E6, binds to and inhibits the activity of alphaVbeta3 integrin (vitronectin receptor); this may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and integrin-mediated tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in alphavbeta3-expressing tumor cells. AlphaVbeta3 integrin, a cell adhesion and signaling receptor, is expressed on the surface of tumor vessel endothelial cells and plays a crucial role in endothelial cell adhesion and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABITUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abituzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Abituzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 525797","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830088"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1105038-73-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"724QD330RD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638087"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638087"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-alphaVbeta3_Monoclonal_Antibody_EMD_525797"}]}}{"C99901":{"preferredName":"Acai Berry Juice","code":"C99901","definitions":[{"description":"A juice product obtained from the fruit of the acai palm tree (Euterpe oleracea) with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and potential chemopreventive activities. Besides high amounts of vitamins, minerals and fatty acids, acai berry is rich in phytonutrients such as anthocyanins and flavones which are potent scavengers of reactive oxygen species. The fruit also contains high amounts of the flavone velutin which exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties. Velutin is able to inhibit the degradation of the inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB), thereby blocking the activation of NF-kB, as well as inhibiting phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 and JNK. Inhibition of these processes results in suppression of the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acai Berry Juice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acai Juice","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Açai Berry Juice","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Açai Juice","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433602"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724700"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724700"}]}}{"C113442":{"preferredName":"Acalabrutinib","code":"C113442","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, acalabrutinib inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in B lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACALABRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ACP-196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acalabrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acalabrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, 4-(8-Amino-3-((2S)-1-(1-oxo-2-butyn-1-yl)-2-pyrrolidinyl)imidazo(1,5-a)pyrazin-1-yl)-N-2-pyridinyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ACP-196","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calquence","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4078312"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1420477-60-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) who have received at least one prior therapy; with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I42748ELQW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756623"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756623"}]}}{"C103277":{"preferredName":"Acalisib","code":"C103277","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the beta and delta isoforms of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class IA phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Acalisib inhibits the activity of PI3K, thereby preventing the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), which decreases tumor cell proliferation and induces cell death. PI3K-mediated signaling is often dysregulated in cancer cells; the targeted inhibition of PI3K is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Fluoro-3-phenyl-2-((1S)-1-(7H-purin-6-ylamino)ethyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acalisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAL-120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-9820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438128"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"870281-34-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OVW60IDW1D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741949"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741949"}]}}{"C984":{"preferredName":"Aceglatone","code":"C984","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of D-glucaro-1, 4-lactone with chemopreventive and anti-tumor activities. One of the key processes in which human body eliminates toxic chemicals as well as hormones (such as estrogen) is by glucuronidation. When beta-glucuronidase deconjugates these glucuronides, it prolongs the stay of the hormone or toxic chemical in the body. Elevated beta-glucuronidase activity has been implicated to be associated with an increased risk for hormone-dependent cancers like breast, prostate, and colon cancers. Thereby, aceglatone may suppress the developments of hormone-dependent cancers mediated through beta-glucuronidase inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACEGLATONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aceglatone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucaron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0050406"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"642-83-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"347Q3OOJ13"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H10O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aceglatone"}]}}{"C200":{"preferredName":"Acetylcysteine","code":"C200","definitions":[{"description":"A drug usually used to reduce the thickness of mucus and ease its removal. It is also used to reverse the toxicity of high doses of acetaminophen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic N-acetyl derivative of the endogenous amino acid L-cysteine, a precursor of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione. Acetylcysteine regenerates liver stores of glutathione. This agent also reduces disulfide bonds in mucoproteins, resulting in liquification of mucus. Some evidence suggests that acetylcysteine may exert an anti-apoptotic effect due to its antioxidant activity, possibly preventing cancer cell development or growth. In addition, acetylcysteine has inhibited viral stimulation by reactive oxygen intermediates, thereby producing antiviral activity in HIV patients. 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Acivicin inhibits glutamine amidotransferases in the purine and pyrimidine biosynthetic pathways, thereby inhibiting tumor growth in cell lines dependent on glutamine metabolism. 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Aclacinomycin B intercalates into DNA and inhibits both the topoisomerase I and II enzymes, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Naphthacenecarboxylic acid, 2-ethyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-2,5,7-trihydroxy-6,11-dioxo-4-((2,3,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-alpha-L-lyxo-hexapyranosyl)oxy)-, methyl ester,(1R-(1-alpha,2-beta,4-beta))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aclacinomycin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Aclacinomycin B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aclarubicin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibiotic MA 144B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"208735"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0889093"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57596-79-9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aclacinomycin_B"}]}}{"C202":{"preferredName":"Aclarubicin","code":"C202","definitions":[{"description":"An oligosaccharide anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces galilaeus. Aclarubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerases I and II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. Aclarubicin is antagonistic to other agents that inhibit topoisomerase II, such as etoposide, teniposide and amsacrine. This agent is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin and daunorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1R,2R,4S)-2-ethyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-2,5,7-trihydroxy-6,11-dioxo-4-[[2,3,6-trideoxy-4-O-[2,6-dideoxy-4-O-[(2R,trans)-tetrahydro-6-methyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-2-yl]-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl]-3-(dimethylamino)-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-1-naphthacenecarboxylic acid methyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-naphthacenecarboxylic acid, 2-ethyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-2,5, 7-trihydroxy-6,11-dioxo-4-[[2,3,6-trideoxy-4-O-[2,6-dideoxy-4-O-((2R-trans)-tetrahydro-6-methyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-2-yl) -alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl]-3-(dimethylamino)-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-, methyl ester,(1R-(1alpha,2beta,4beta))-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACLARUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ACM-A","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aclacinomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aclacinomycin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Aclacinomycin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aclacinomycin-A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aclarubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibiotic MA144-A1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MA144-A1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"240619"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"208734"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001143"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57576-44-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"74KXF8I502"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39131"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39131"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C42H53NO15"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aclarubicin"}]}}{"C988":{"preferredName":"Acodazole","code":"C988","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic imidazoquinoline with antineoplastic activity. Acodazole intercalates into DNA, resulting in disruption of DNA replication. Use of this agent has been associated with significant cardiotoxicity. 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Acodazole intercalates into DNA, resulting in disruption of DNA replication. Use of this agent has been associated with significant cardiotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACODAZOLE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acetamide, N-methyl-N-[4-[(7-methyl-1H-imidazo[4, 5-f]quinolin-9-yl)amino]phenyl]-, monohydrochloride (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Acodazole Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acetamide, N-methyl-N-[4-[(7-methyl-1H-imidazo[4, 5-f]quinolin-9-yl)amino]phenyl]-, monohydrochloride (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"305884"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0970589"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"55435-65-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6D7W9EAH22"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H19N5O.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Acodazole_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C65213":{"preferredName":"Acolbifene Hydrochloride","code":"C65213","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the prevention of breast cancer in women at high risk of breast cancer. Acolbifene hydrochloride binds to estrogen receptors in the body and blocks the effects of estrogen in the breast. It is a type of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of acolbifene, a fourth-generation estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with potential lipid lowering and antineoplastic activity. Acolbifene specifically binds to estrogen receptors in responsive tissue, including liver, bone, breast, and endometrium. The resulting ligand-receptor complex is translocated to the nucleus where, depending on the tissue type, it promotes or suppresses the transcription of estrogen-regulated genes, thereby exerting its agonistic or antagonistic effects. Acolbifene acts as an estrogen antagonist in uterine and breast tissue, thereby blocking the effects of estrogen in these tissues. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in ER-positive tumor cells. This agent functions as an estrogen agonist in lipid metabolism, thereby decreasing total and LDL cholesterol levels. In bone, it decreases bone resorption and bone turnover and increases bone mineral density.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACOLBIFENE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acolbifene Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acolbifene Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acolbifene hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879543"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"252555-01-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KXC7811DBY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636416"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636416"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H31NO4.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Acolbifene_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C203":{"preferredName":"Acridine","code":"C203","definitions":[{"description":"A polycyclic aromatic dye with antineoplastic, antimicrobial and imaging activities. Acridine and its derivatives intercalate within DNA and RNA by forming hydrogen-bonds and stacking between base pairs resulting in DNA crosslinks and strand breaks. In addition, acridine and its derivatives are a potent inhibitor of topoisomerase II enzyme. This results in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis, predominantly occurring during S phase of the cell cycle and ultimately leads to cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001186"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Acridine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:36420"}]}}{"C2203":{"preferredName":"Acridine Carboxamide","code":"C2203","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tricyclic acridine-based (or carboxamide-based) drug with dual topoisomerase inhibitor and potential antineoplastic activities. Acridine carboxamide inhibits both topoisomerases I and II and intercalates into DNA, resulting in DNA damage, the disruption of DNA repair and replication, the inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis, and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACRIDINE CARBOXAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acridine Carboxamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DACA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-(Dimehtylamino)ethyl)acridine-4-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN 22995","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XR5000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acridine carboxamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0919282"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0N3V8R4E13"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37776"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37776"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Acridine_Carboxamide"}]}}{"C75297":{"preferredName":"Acronine","code":"C75297","definitions":[{"description":"A natural alkaloid with an acridine structure isolated from the bark of the plant Acronychia baueri (Australian scrub ash) with antineoplastic properties. Acronycine appears to alkylate DNA and interfere with DNA replication. 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The monoclonal antibody moiety of actinium Ac 225 lintuzumab specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD33 antigen, delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to cells expressing CD33. CD33 is a cell surface antigen expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and overexpressed on myeloid leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"225Ac-HuM195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac 225 Lintuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium-225-Labeled Humanized Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody HuM195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LINTUZUMAB ACTINIUM AC-225","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408677"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V860J30J9N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637163"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637163"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Actinium_Ac_225_Lintuzumab"}]}}{"C158815":{"preferredName":"Actinium Ac 225-FPI-1434","code":"C158815","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody lintuzumab conjugated to the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225 with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of actinium Ac 225 lintuzumab specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD33 antigen, delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to cells expressing CD33. CD33 is a cell surface antigen expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and overexpressed on myeloid leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"225Ac-FPI-1434","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac 225-FPI-1397-FPI-1175","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac 225-FPI-1434","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac 225-labeled FPI-1434","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPX 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPX-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPX01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[225Ac]-FPI-1434","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[Ac-225]-FPI-1434","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797340"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797340"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Actinium_Ac_225_Lintuzumab"}]}}{"C153159":{"preferredName":"Actinium Ac-225 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody J591","code":"C153159","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) labeled with the alpha particle-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac-225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, actinium Ac-225 anti-PSMA monoclonal antibody J591 binds to the extracellular domain of PSMA with high affinity, thereby delivering alpha radiation to PSMA expressing cells. PSMA, a type II membrane protein expressed in all types of prostatic tissues, is often overexpressed in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"225Ac-J591","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ac 225 MOAB J591","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ac 225 Monoclonal Antibody J591","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac-225 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody J591","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac-225 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody J591","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac-225 Anti-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Monoclonal Antibody J591","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554298"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793676"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793676"}]}}{"C95198":{"preferredName":"Actinomycin C2","code":"C95198","definitions":[{"description":"A natural analogue of actinomycin, a chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterial genus Streptomyces. Actinomycin C2 inhibits DNA replication as well as RNA and protein synthesis by various mechanisms including, intercalating into the minor groove of DNA and interfering with the function of topoisomerase II. In addition, actinomycin C2 appears to block the interaction between the SH2 domain of growth factor receptor-bound protein-2 (GRB2) and the Src homology 2 domain containing transforming protein 1 adaptor protein SHC, which plays a key role in the Ras signaling pathway thereby halting cellular differentiation and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTINOMYCIN C2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Actinomycin C2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin D, 2a-D-Alloisoleucine-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"10888331"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"87221"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0762401"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2612-14-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"719U3YSA1F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C63H88N12O16"}]}}{"C99564":{"preferredName":"Actinomycin C3","code":"C99564","definitions":[{"description":"A natural analogue of actinomycin, a chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterial genus Streptomyces. Actinomycin C3 inhibits DNA replication as well as RNA and protein synthesis by various mechanisms such as intercalating into the minor groove of DNA and interfering with the function of topoisomerase II.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2104-L-I","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACTINOMYCIN C3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AY 3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin AY1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin C3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin I3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin VII","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurathin-A3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"10888331"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"87221"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0604201"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6156-47-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6Z5DS38J6F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C64H90N12O16"}]}}{"C2844":{"preferredName":"Actinomycin F1","code":"C2844","definitions":[{"description":"A chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces chrysomallus. Actinomycin F1 intercalates into the minor groove of DNA and binds to topoisomerase II, leading to the inhibition of DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Actinomycin F1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin KS4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KS4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515876"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1402-44-4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Actinomycin_F1"}]}}{"C118625":{"preferredName":"Activin Type 2B Receptor Fc Fusion Protein STM 434","code":"C118625","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble fusion protein containing the extracellular domain of the activin receptor type 2B (ACVR2B or ActRIIB) fused to a human Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, STM 434 selectively binds to the growth factor activin A, thereby preventing its binding to and the activation of endogenous ActRIIB. This prevents activin A/ActRIIB-mediated signaling and inhibits the proliferation of activin A-overexpressing tumor cells. Activin A, a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in promoting cancer cell proliferation, migration, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Activin Inhibitor STM 434","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Activin Type 2B Receptor Fc Fusion Protein STM 434","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Activin Type 2B Receptor Fc Fusion Protein STM 434","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STM 434","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896763"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765514"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765514"}]}}{"C151941":{"preferredName":"Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate Prodrug ABI-1968","code":"C151941","definitions":[{"description":"A prodrug of an acyclic nucleoside phosphonate, with potential anti-viral and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, acyclic nucleoside phosphonate prodrug ABI-1968 is taken up by viral-infected cells and converted to its active metabolite. The metabolite is incorporated into DNA chains by DNA polymerases, which results in the termination of DNA synthesis, inhibits viral replication and induces apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation of susceptible virally-infected tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABI-1968","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABI1968","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate Prodrug ABI-1968","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HTI 1968","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553169"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793142"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793142"}]}}{"C143953":{"preferredName":"Ad-RTS-hIL-12","code":"C143953","definitions":[{"description":"An inducible adenoviral vector encoding human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12; IL12), which is under the transcriptional control of the RheoSwitch Therapeutic System (RTS) (Ad-RTS-hIL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. RTS consists of two fusion proteins: Gal4-EcR, which contains a modified ecdysone receptor (EcR) fused with the DNA binding domain of the yeast Gal4 transcription factor, and VP16-RXR, which contains a chimeric retinoid X receptor (RXR) fused with the transcription activation domain of the viral protein VP16 of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1). Upon intratumoral administration of Ad-RTS-hIL-12, given in combination with the proprietary, diacylhydrazine-based activator ligand veledimex (INXN-1001), veledimex binds specifically to the EcR part of the RTS and stabilizes heterodimerization between the two fusion proteins, forming an active transcription factor, which induces the transcription of IL-12 under the control of an inducible promoter containing Gal4-binding sites. The expressed IL-12 activates the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NK cells), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and inducing cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated responses against tumor cells, which may result in immune-mediated tumor cell lysis and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. In the presence of veledimex, the protein heterodimer changes to a stable conformation and can bind to the inducible promoter, while without veledimex the two fusion proteins form unstable heterodimers; this allows the controlled, regulated intratumoral expression of the IL-12 gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ad-RTS-hIL-12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ad-RTS-hIL-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoviral- RheoSwitch Therapeutic System-Human Interleukin 12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INXN 2001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INXN-2001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542155"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792151"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792151"}]}}{"C99766":{"preferredName":"Adagloxad Simolenin","code":"C99766","definitions":[{"description":"A carbohydrate-based immunostimulant comprised of the Globo H hexasaccharide 1 (Globo H) epitope linked to the immunostimulant carrier protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of adagloxad simolenin, the carbohydrate antigen Globo H may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against Globo H-expressing tumor cells, thereby decreasing tumor cell proliferation. Globo H is a tumor associated antigen (TAA) commonly found on a variety of tumor cells including breast cancer cells. KLH improves antigenic immune recognition and T-cell responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADAGLOXAD SIMOLENIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Adagloxad Simolenin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adagloxad Simolenin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI 822","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI-822","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI822","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433491"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1458687-85-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UCG949AA7Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724401"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724401"}]}}{"C91725":{"preferredName":"Adavosertib","code":"C91725","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase WEE1 with potential antineoplastic sensitizing activity. Adavosertib selectively targets and inhibits WEE1, a tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1, CDC2) to inactivate the CDC2/cyclin B complex. Inhibition of WEE1 activity prevents the phosphorylation of CDC2 and impairs the G2 DNA damage checkpoint. This may lead to apoptosis upon treatment with DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents. Unlike normal cells, most p53 deficient or mutated human cancers lack the G1 checkpoint as p53 is the key regulator of the G1 checkpoint and these cells rely on the G2 checkpoint for DNA repair to damaged cells. Annulment of the G2 checkpoint may therefore make p53 deficient tumor cells more vulnerable to antineoplastic agents and enhance their cytotoxic effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Allyl-1-(6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-6-((4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl)amino)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3(2H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADAVOSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AZD-1775","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD1775","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adavosertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adavosertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-1775","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK1775","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2934122"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"955365-80-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K2T6HJX3I3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594147"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594147"}]}}{"C82358":{"preferredName":"Adecatumumab","code":"C82358","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human IgG1 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) directed against the tumor associated antigen (TAA) epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) with potential antitumor activity. Adecatumumab binds to EpCAM, which may result in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) directed against EpCAM-expressing tumor cells. EpCAM (CD326), a cell surface protein upregulated on many tumor cell types, promotes the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of tumor cells; for some cancers, overexpression has been correlated with decreased survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADECATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Adecatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EpCAM Monoclonal Antibody MT201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1741817"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"503605-66-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"000705ZASD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640250"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640250"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Adecatumumab"}]}}{"C148039":{"preferredName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist AZD4635","code":"C148039","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist AZD4635 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This blocks tumor-released adenosine from interacting with A2AR and prevents the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-lymphocytes, and stimulates a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells. A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of T-cells and, upon activation by adenosine, inhibits T-cell proliferation and activation. Adenosine is often overproduced by cancer cells and plays a key role in immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A2AR Antagonist AZD4635","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-4635","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD4635","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist AZD4635","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist AZD4635","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HTL-1071","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545814"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C142374":{"preferredName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist NIR178","code":"C142374","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable immune checkpoint inhibitor and antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist NIR178 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors, thereby blocking the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-lymphocytes, and stimulates a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells. A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of T-cells and, upon activation by adenosine, inhibits their proliferation and activation. Adenosine is often overproduced by cancer cells and plays a key role in immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A2AR Antagonist NIR178","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist NIR178","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist NIR178","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIR 178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540321"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793151"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793151"}]}}{"C157489":{"preferredName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist/Phosphodiesterase 10A PBF-999","code":"C157489","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A) and phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE-10A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2A/PDE-10A inhibitor PBF-999 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This blocks tumor-released adenosine from interacting with A2AR and prevents the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-lymphocytes and stimulates a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells. A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of T-cells and, upon activation by adenosine, inhibits T-cell proliferation and activation. Adenosine is often overproduced by cancer cells and plays a key role in immunosuppression. In addition, PBF-999 binds to and inhibits the activity of PDE-10A, thereby preventing the degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and activates cGMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase G (PKG) signaling. This induces beta-catenin degradation and thereby prevents the translocation of beta-catenin into the nucleus, and the beta-catenin-mediated induction of transcription of survival proteins, such as cyclin D1 and survivin. It also suppresses RAS/RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. This induces apoptosis and inhibits the growth of tumor cells in which PDE-10A is overexpressed. PDE-10A is a cGMP-degrading PDE isozyme that is highly expressed in the brain and overexpressed in certain types of tumor cells. Elevation of intracellular cGMP is known to inhibit tumor proliferation and induce apoptosis. cGMP levels are low in cancer cells resulting from the overexpression PDE-10A.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A2A/PDE-10A Inhibitor PBF-999","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist/Phosphodiesterase 10A PBF-999","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBF 999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBF-999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBF999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937074"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796763"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796763"}]}}{"C159564":{"preferredName":"Adenosine A2A/A2B Receptor Antagonist AB928","code":"C159564","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antagonist of both the immunomodulatory checkpoint molecules adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A) and A2B receptor (A2BR; ADORA2B), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2AR/A2BR antagonist AB928 competes with tumor-released adenosine for binding to A2AR and A2BR expressed on numerous intra-tumoral immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and T-lymphocytes. The binding of AB928 to A2AR and A2BR inhibits A2AR/A2BR activity and prevents adenosine-A2AR/A2BR-mediated signaling. A2AR/A2BR inhibition activates and enhances the proliferation of various immune cells, abrogates the adenosine-mediated immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and activates the immune system to exert anti-tumor immune responses against cancer cells, which leads to tumor cell killing. A2AR and A2BR, G protein-coupled signaling receptors, are expressed on the cell surfaces of numerous immune cells. Adenosine is often overproduced by tumor cells and plays a key role in immunosuppression and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A2AR/A2BR Antagonist AB928","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB 928","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-928","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB928","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2A/A2B Receptor Antagonist AB928","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2A/A2B Receptor Antagonist AB928","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual A2AR/A2BR Antagonist AB928","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797798"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797798"}]}}{"C148435":{"preferredName":"Adenosine A2B Receptor Antagonist PBF-1129","code":"C148435","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antagonist of the immunomodulatory checkpoint molecule adenosine A2B receptor (A2BR; ADORA2B), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2BR antagonist PBF-1129 competes with adenosine for binding to A2BR expressed on various cancer cell types and numerous immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), mast cells, macrophages and lymphocytes. This inhibits A2BR activity and prevents adenosine/A2BR-mediated signaling. The inhibition of A2BR in cancer cells prevents activation of downstream oncogenic pathways, which leads to an inhibition of cell proliferation and metastasis. A2BR inhibition also prevents the release of various growth factors, cytokines and chemokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) from immune cells, which may abrogate the adenosine-mediated immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and activate the immune system to exert anti-tumor immune responses against cancer cells leading to tumor cell killing. In addition, under non-cancerous inflammatory conditions, inhibition of A2BR leads to reduced activation and proliferation of various immune cells, which results in decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine production and may prevent inflammation. A2BR, a G protein-coupled signaling receptor, is expressed on the cell surfaces of numerous immune cells and is often overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types; it plays a key role in their proliferation, progression and metastasis. Adenosine is overproduced under inflammatory conditions and plays a key role in pro-inflammatory actions. Adenosine is often overproduced by tumor cells and plays a key role in immunosuppression and tumor cell proliferation. The pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of adenosine and A2BR are cell type-specific and dependent on the extracellular microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A2BR Antagonist PBF-1129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2B Receptor Antagonist PBF-1129","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2B Receptor Antagonist PBF-1129","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBF 1129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBF-1129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBF1129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550982"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793680"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793680"}]}}{"C106242":{"preferredName":"Adenovector-transduced AP1903-inducible MyD88/CD40-expressing Autologous PSMA-specific Prostate Cancer Vaccine BPX-201","code":"C106242","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically-modified, dendritic cell-based (DCs) vaccine in which the autologous cells are transduced with an adenoviral vector expressing the tumor antigen prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and a fusion protein composed of synthetic ligand inducible adjuvant iMC composed of a drug-inducible costimulatory CD40 receptor (iCD40) and the adaptor protein MyD88, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The iCD40 contains a membrane-localized cytoplasmic CD40 domain fused to the FK506 modified drug-binding protein 12 (FKBP12). Upon intradermal administration of BPX-201, these DCs accumulate in local draining lymph nodes. Twenty-four hours after vaccination, the dimerizing agent AP1903 is administered. AP1903 binds to the drug binding domain, leading to iMC oligomerization and activation of iCD40 and MyD88-mediated signaling in iMC-expressing DCs. This signaling pathway activates the DCs and stimulates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against host tumor cells that express PSMA. PSMA, a glycoprotein secreted by prostatic epithelial and ductal cells, is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells and is used as a tumor marker for both diagnosis and treatment evaluation. MyD88 is involved in interleukin 1 receptor (IL1R) and toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenovector-transduced AP1903-inducible MyD88/CD40-expressing Autologous PSMA-specific Prostate Cancer Vaccine BPX-201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenovector-transduced AP1903-inducible MyD88/CD40-expressing Autologous PSMA-specific Prostate Cancer Vaccine BPX-201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenovector-transduced AP1903-inducible iMC-expressing Autologous PSMA-specific Prostate Cancer Vaccine BPX-201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPX-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447413"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748904"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748904"}]}}{"C143034":{"preferredName":"Adenoviral Brachyury Vaccine ETBX-051","code":"C143034","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of a replication-defective, serotype 5 adenovirus (Ad5) with the viral genes early 1 (E1), early 2b (E2b), and early 3 (E3) deleted, and the human transcription factor brachyury encoded, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the adenoviral brachyury vaccine ETBX-051 expresses the brachyury protein. The expressed brachyury may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells expressing brachyury, thereby resulting in both immune-mediated inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. Deletion of the E1, E2b and E3 genes from Ad5 prevents anti-adenovirus immune responses. Brachyury, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and member of the T-box family of transcription factors, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor types. It plays an important role in cancer progression and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoviral Brachyury Vaccine ETBX-051","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenoviral Brachyury Vaccine ETBX-051","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETBX 051","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETBX-051","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541478"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C156015":{"preferredName":"Adenoviral Cancer Vaccine PF-06936308","code":"C156015","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of a replication-defective E1-deleted adenovirus vector based on chimpanzee adenovirus serotype 68 (AdC68) expressing three not yet disclosed tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination with the adenoviral cancer vaccine PF-06936308, the adenovirus infects cells and expresses the TAAs. In turn, the TAAs activate the immune system to produce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cells expressing the TAAs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoviral Cancer Vaccine PF-06936308","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenoviral Cancer Vaccine PF-06936308","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06936308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06936308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF06936308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562758"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795350"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795350"}]}}{"C143035":{"preferredName":"Adenoviral MUC1 Vaccine ETBX-061","code":"C143035","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of a replication-defective, serotype 5 adenovirus (Ad5) with the viral genes early 1 (E1), early 2b (E2b), and early 3 (E3) deleted, and the human glycoprotein mucin 1 (MUC1) encoded, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the adenoviral MUC1 vaccine ETBX-061 expresses the MUC1 protein. The expressed MUC1 may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells expressing MUC1, thereby resulting in both immune-mediated inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. Deletion of the E1, E2b and E3 genes from Ad5 prevents anti-adenovirus immune responses. MUC1, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and type I transmembrane protein, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor types. It plays an important role in cancer progression and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoviral MUC1 Vaccine ETBX-061","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenoviral MUC1 Vaccine ETBX-061","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETBX 061","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETBX-061","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541479"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C148142":{"preferredName":"Adenoviral PSA Vaccine ETBX-071","code":"C148142","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of a genetically engineered, replication-deficient adenovirus carrying the gene encoding human prostate-specific antigen (PSA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination with the adenoviral-PSA vaccine ETBX-071, the adenovirus infects cells and expresses PSA. In turn, PSA activates the immune system and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against PSA-expressing tumor cells. PSA, a tumor associated antigen (TAA), is expressed by prostate epithelial cells and is overexpressed in prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoviral PSA Prostate Cancer Vaccine ETBX-071","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoviral PSA Vaccine ETBX-071","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETBX-071","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550802"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795436"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795436"}]}}{"C101789":{"preferredName":"Adenoviral Transduced hIL-12-expressing Autologous Dendritic Cells INXN-3001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001","code":"C101789","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous dendritic cells tranduced with a replication incompetent adenovirus encoding human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) (INXN-3001) in combination with the proprietary orally bioavailable, small molecule activator ligand INXN-1001, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Production of IL-12 is controlled by an inducible DNA element that allows transcription initiation only in the presence of the ligand inducer INXN-1001. Upon intratumoral injection of INXN-3001 and subsequent oral administration of activator ligand, INXN-1001 is able to induce expression of IL-12 in INXN-3001. IL-12 expressed by the adenovirus may activate the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells, inducing the secretion of interferon-gamma and inducing a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against tumor cells, which may result in immune-mediated tumor cell death and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. As INXN-1001 regulates both the timing and the levels of IL-12 expression, IL-12 toxicity can be reduced.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoviral Transduced hIL-12-expressing Autologous Dendritic Cells INXN-3001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenoviral Transduced hIL-12-expressing Autologous Dendritic Cells INXN-3001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DC-RTS-IL-12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INXN-3001/1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435907"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733561"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733561"}]}}{"C162805":{"preferredName":"Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GAd-209-FSP","code":"C162805","definitions":[{"description":"An off-the-shelf neoantigen priming vaccine comprised of a great ape adenovirus (GAd) encoding tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs) derived from as of yet undisclosed frameshift peptides (FSPs) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of the adenoviral tumor-specific neoantigen priming vaccine GAd-209-FSP, the adenovirus infects cells and expresses the TSNAs. This stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the TSNAs, leading to tumor cell lysis. Adenoviral-TSNA priming vaccine GAd-209-FSP is followed by boosting with a vaccine that encodes the same target TSNAs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GAd-209-FSP","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GAd-209-FSP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GAd-209-FSP","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Great Ape Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GAd-209-FSP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799098"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799098"}]}}{"C156925":{"preferredName":"Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GRT-C901","code":"C156925","definitions":[{"description":"A personalized cancer vaccine comprised of a chimpanzee adenovirus vector (ChAdV) encoding twenty tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs) that have been identified through genetic sequencing of a patient's tumor cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of the adenoviral-TSNA priming vaccine GRT-C901, the adenovirus infects cells and expresses the TSNAs. This stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the TSNAs, leading to tumor cell lysis. Adenoviral-TSNA vaccine GRT-C901 is followed by monthly boosting with a self-amplifying mRNA (SAM) boosting vaccine that encodes the same 20 target TSNAs. The combined immunotherapy product, consisting of priming and boosting vaccines, is referred to as GRANITE-001.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoviral TSNA Priming Vaccine GRT-C901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GRT-C901","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GRT-C901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRT C901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRT-C901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRTC901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Priming Cancer Vaccine GRT-C901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935908"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796478"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796478"}]}}{"C131825":{"preferredName":"Adenovirus-expressing TLR5/TLR5 Agonist Nanoformulation M-VM3","code":"C131825","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation containing a recombinant non-replicating adenovirus (Ad) encoding toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) and its specific ligand protein 502S, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, the Ad preferentially and specifically infects cells expressing the Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR), which is highly expressed in certain human tumors, and expresses both TLR5 and a specific agonistic ligand in the same cell. 502S binds to and activates TLR5, thereby allowing for continuous TLR5 signaling. This stimulates dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes, macrophages and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) signaling cascade. This activation results in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferon alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and the interleukins (IL), IL-1 beta, -6 and -12. This may induce a T helper cell-1 (Th1) immune response and activate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor associated antigens (TAAs). TLR5, a member of the TLR family, plays a key role in the activation of innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenovirus-expressing TLR5/TLR5 Agonist Nanoformulation M-VM3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M-VM3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mobilan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1177020"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786108"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786108"}]}}{"C97959":{"preferredName":"Adenovirus-mediated Human Interleukin-12 INXN-2001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001","code":"C97959","definitions":[{"description":"A replication incompetent adenovirus encoding the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) (INXN-2001) in combination with the proprietary activator ligand INXN-1001, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Production of IL-12 is controlled by an inducible DNA element that allows transcription initiation only in the presence of the ligand inducer. Upon intratumoral administration of INXN-2001 and oral administration of INXN-1001, INXN-1001 is able to induce expression of IL-12 from INXN-2001. IL-12 expressed by the adenovirus may activate the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NKs), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma and inducing cytotoxic T cell responses against tumor cells, which may result in immune-mediated tumor cell death and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ad-RTS-IL-12 Plus AL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenovirus-mediated Human Interleukin-12 INXN-2001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenovirus-mediated Human Interleukin-12 INXN-2001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INXN-2001/1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZIN ATI-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430563"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710508"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710508"}]}}{"C76115":{"preferredName":"Aderbasib","code":"C76115","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the ADAM (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease) family of multifunctional membrane-bound proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Aderbasib represses the metalloproteinase \"\"sheddase\"\" activities of ADAM10 and ADAM17, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. The metalloproteinase domains of ADAMs cleave cell surface proteins at extracellular sites proximal to the cell membrane, releasing or \"\"shedding\"\" soluble protein etcodomains from the cell surface; the disintegrin domains of these multifunctional proteins interact with various components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). ADAM10 processes particular epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands and appears to regulate Notch signaling through the cleavage of Notch and its related ligand delta-like ligand-1 (Dll-1). ADAM17 (also known as Tumor necrosis factor-Converting Enzyme or TACE) is involved in processing tumor necrosis factor (TNF) from its membrane bound precursor to its soluble circulating form and in processing ligands for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Azaspiro(2.5)octane-5-carboxylic Acid, 7-((Hydroxyamino)carbonyl)-6-((4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl)-, Methyl Ester, (6S,7S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADERBASIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aderbasib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aderbasib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB007839","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB7839","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl (6S,7S)-7-(Hhydroxyamino)carbonyl)-6-((4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)carbonyl)-5-azaspiro(2.5)octane-5-carboxylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700364"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388480"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"791828-58-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V9YL6NEJ3G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633945"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633945"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H28N4O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sheddase_Inhibitor_INCB007839"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aderbasib"}]}}{"C153133":{"preferredName":"Aerosol Gemcitabine","code":"C153133","definitions":[{"description":"An aerosol inhalation formulation containing gemcitabine (GCB), a broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon inhalation via a nebulizer, GCB is converted intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to its active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and triphosphate (dFdCDP, dFdCTP). dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis; dFdCTP competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and is incorporated into DNA, resulting in DNA strand termination and the induction of apoptosis of lung tumor cells. GCB administration directly into the lungs via aerosol yields higher concentrations of GCB locally than can be achieved by systemic GCB administration, potentially reducing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aerosol Gemcitabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aerosol Gemcitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aerosolized GCB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aerosolized Gemcitabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554390"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793934"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793934"}]}}{"C101794":{"preferredName":"Aerosolized Aldesleukin","code":"C101794","definitions":[{"description":"An aerosol formulation of aldesleukin, a recombinant form of interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon IL-2 inhalation, this cytokine activates lymphokine-activated killer cells and natural killer cells, and induces expression of cytotoxic cytokines, such as interferon-gamma and transforming growth factor-beta. This may eventually halt tumor cell growth. Localized administration of IL-2 may decrease toxicity and increase efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aerosolized Aldesleukin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aerosolized Aldesleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aerosolized Recombinant IL-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435912"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733682"}]}}{"C61071":{"preferredName":"Aerosolized Liposomal Rubitecan","code":"C61071","definitions":[{"description":"An aerosolized liposomal preparation of rubitecan, a water-insoluble derivative of camptothecin with potential antineoplastic activity. Rubitecan (or 9-nitro-20 (S)-camptothecin) and its active metabolite 9-aminocamptothecin (9-AC) selectively stabilize topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S-phase, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. This agent is formulated with dilauroylphosphatidylcholine and nebulized in particle sizes of 1.2-1.6 micrometer mass median aerodynamic diameter.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aerosolized Liposomal Rubitecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aerosolized liposomal 9-nitro-20(S)-camptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831773"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473242"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473242"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aerosolized_Liposomal_9-Nitrocamptothecin"}]}}{"C66940":{"preferredName":"Afatinib","code":"C66940","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable anilino-quinazoline derivative and inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB; EGFR) family, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, afatinib selectively and irreversibly binds to and inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptors 1 (ErbB1; EGFR), 2 (ErbB2; HER2), and 4 (ErbB4; HER4), and certain EGFR mutants, including those caused by EGFR exon 19 deletion mutations or exon 21 (L858R) mutations. This may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis in tumor cells overexpressing these RTKs. Additionally, afatinib inhibits the EGFR T790M gatekeeper mutation which is resistant to treatment with first-generation EGFR inhibitors. EGFR, HER2 and HER4 are RTKs that belong to the EGFR superfamily; they play major roles in both tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization and are overexpressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2e)-N-(4-(3-Chloro-4-Fluoroanilino)-7-(((3s)-Oxolan-3-yl)Oxy)Quinoxazolin-6-yl)-4-(Dimethylamino)But-2-Enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Afatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Afatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIBW 2992","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIBW2992","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987648"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"850140-72-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"41UD74L59M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H25ClFN5O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BIBW_2992"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:61390"}]}}{"C97273":{"preferredName":"Afatinib Dimaleate","code":"C97273","definitions":[{"description":"The dimaleate salt form of afatinib, an orally bioavailable anilino-quinazoline derivative and inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB; EGFR) family, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, afatinib selectively and irreversibly binds to and inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptors 1 (ErbB1; EGFR), 2 (ErbB2; HER2), and 4 (ErbB4; HER4), and certain EGFR mutants, including those caused by EGFR exon 19 deletion mutations or exon 21 (L858R) mutations. This may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis in tumor cells overexpressing these RTKs. Additionally, afatinib inhibits the EGFR T790M gatekeeper mutation which is resistant to treatment with first-generation EGFR inhibitors. EGFR, HER2 and HER4 are RTKs that belong to the EGFR superfamily; they play major roles in both tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization and are overexpressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-N-(4-((3-Chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino)-7-(((3S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)oxy)quinazolin- 6-yl)-4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enamide bis(hydrogen (2Z)-but-2-enedioate)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Butenamide, N-[4-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]7-[[(3S)-tetrahydro-3-furanyl]oxy]-6-quinazolinyl]-4-(dimethylamino)-,(2E)-, (2Z)-2-Butenedioate (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFATINIB DIMALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Afatinib Dimaleate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Afatinib Dimaleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIBW 2992MA2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIBW2992 MA2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gilotrif","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879772"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"850140-73-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have non-resistant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V1T5K7RZ0B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537572"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537572"}]}}{"C975":{"preferredName":"Afimoxifene","code":"C975","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the drug tamoxifen that is made by the body after taking tamoxifen. It can also be made in the laboratory, and may help decrease breast density. A topical form of 4-hydroxytamoxifen is being studied in breast cancer screening.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tamoxifen metabolite with both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects. Afimoxifene has a higher affinity for the estrogen receptor than tamoxifen, and functions as an antagonist in breast cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(1-(4-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)-2-phenylbut-1-enyl)phenol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Hydroxy-Tamoxifen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Hydroxytamoxifen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"4-Hydroxytamoxifen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-OHT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-hydroxytamoxifen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AFIMOXIFENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Afimoxifene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Afimoxifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347999"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"68392-35-8"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"68047-06-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"17197F0KYM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"371709"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"371709"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_4-Hydroxy-Tamoxifen"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:44616"}]}}{"C82390":{"preferredName":"Afuresertib","code":"C82390","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Afuresertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Thiophenecarboxamide, N-((1S)-2-amino-1-((3-fluorophenyl)methyl)ethyl)-5-chloro-4-(4-chloro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFURESERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Afuresertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Afuresertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2110183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3853882"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1047644-62-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8739X25QI3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642287"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642287"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oral_Akt_Inhibitor_GSK2110183"}]}}{"C28580":{"preferredName":"Agatolimod Sodium","code":"C28580","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called biological response modifiers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tricosasodium salt of a synthetic 24-mer oligonucleotide containing 3 CpG motifs with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activity. Agatolimod selectively targets Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), thereby activating dendritic and B cells and stimulating cytotoxic T cell and antibody responses against tumor cells bearing tumor antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3'-5')d(P-thio)(T-C-G-T-C-G-T-T-T-T-G-T-C-G-T-T-T-T-G-T-C-G-T-T) Tricosasodium Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGATOLIMOD SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Agatolimod Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Agatolimod Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CpG 7909","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CpG 7909","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-3512676","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PF-3512676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ProMune","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ProMune","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"731581"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1436331"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"541547-35-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I4Z5C8FM6H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38660"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38660"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CpG_7909"}]}}{"C107245":{"preferredName":"Agerafenib","code":"C107245","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (B-raf) serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Agerafenib specifically and selectively inhibits the activity of the mutated form (V600E) of B-raf kinase. This inhibits the activation of the RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling pathway and may result in a decrease in the proliferation of tumor cells expressing the mutated B-raf gene. The Raf mutation BRAF V600E, in which valine is substituted for glutamic acid at residue 600, is frequently found in a variety of human tumors and results in the constitutive activation of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cellular proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(3-(6,7-Dimethoxyquinazolin-4-yloxy)phenyl)-3-(5-(1,1,1-trifluoro-2-methylpropan-2-yl)isoxazol-3-yl)urea Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC013773","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGERAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Agerafenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Agerafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-32496","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3502778"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1188910-76-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"78I4VEX88N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792523"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750855"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792523"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750855"}]}}{"C73996":{"preferredName":"Aglatimagene Besadenovec","code":"C73996","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoviral vector engineered to express the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene, which, when administered in conjunction with a synthetic acyclic guanosine analogue, possesses potential antineoplastic activity. Aglatimagene besadenovec is transduced into tumor cells, sensitizing tumor cells that overexpress HSV-tk to synthetic acyclic guanosine analogues. Subsequently, a low dose of a synthetic acyclic guanosine analogue such as valacyclovir (VCV) or ganciclovir (GCV) is given, which may preferentially kill tumor cells containing the adenoviral vector and overexpressing HSV-tk. Release of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by dying tumor cells may then stimulate an antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADV-tk","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGLATIMAGENE BESADENOVEC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aglatimagene Besadenovec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aglatimagene Besadenovec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GliAtak","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ProstAtak","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Virafir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383459"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1621271-62-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5Z72SSS34W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581584"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581584"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Adenoviral_Vector_Encoding_HSV_Thymidine_Kinase"}]}}{"C121538":{"preferredName":"Agonistic Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody ADC-1013","code":"C121538","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD40 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, agonistic anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody ADC-1013 binds to CD40 on antigen-presenting dendritic cells, which leads to the activation and proliferation of effector and memory T-cells, and enhances the immune response against tumor cells. In addition, this agent binds to the CD40 antigen present on the surfaces of tumor cells, which induces antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC). This eventually inhibits the proliferation of CD40-expressing tumor cells. CD40, a stimulatory receptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on various immune cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells and various tumor cell types; it plays a key role in the activation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC 1013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC-1013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC1013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agonistic Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody ADC-1013","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Agonistic Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody ADC-1013","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 7107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-64457107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053684"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770043"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770043"}]}}{"C129967":{"preferredName":"Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01949","code":"C129967","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, agonistic anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody INCAGN01949 selectively binds to and activates OX40 on activated T-cells, thereby potentiating T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. OX40 activation inhibits regulatory T-cell (Treg)-mediated suppression of effector T-cells, induces the proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and modulates cytokine production. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response against the TAA-expressing tumor cells. In addition, the IgG1 Fc region of INCAGN01949 binds to and co-engages with the IgG Fc-gamma receptor III (FcgammaRIII; CD16) expressed by immune effector cells; thus, binding activates FcgammaRIII-mediated signaling and facilitates the selective depletion of intratumoral Tregs, thereby further enhancing the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated tumor cell response. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells; OX40 stimulation abrogates the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01949","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01949","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Agonist Antibody INCAGN01949","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN0194","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN 1949","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN-1949","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN1949","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01949","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCAGN01949","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512862"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785256"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785256"}]}}{"C117293":{"preferredName":"Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI6469","code":"C117293","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic monoclonal antibody against the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody MEDI6469 selectively binds to and activates OX40. OX40 activation induces proliferation of effector T-lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response against the TAA-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Agonistic Anti-CD134 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI6469","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI6469","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI6469","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474118"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763664"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763664"}]}}{"C95737":{"preferredName":"Akt Inhibitor LY2780301","code":"C95737","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Akt inhibitor LY2780301 binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thereby leading to inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Akt Inhibitor LY2780301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2780301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421578"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673505"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673505"}]}}{"C90581":{"preferredName":"Akt Inhibitor MK2206","code":"C90581","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable allosteric inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Akt inhibitor MK2206 binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt in a non-ATP competitive manner, which may result in the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable allosteric inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Akt inhibitor MK2206 binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt in a non-ATP competitive manner, which may result in the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,4-Triazolo(3,4-f)(1,6)naphthyridin-3(2H)-one, 8-(4-(1-aminocyclobutyl)phenyl)-9-phenyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Akt Inhibitor MK2206","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Akt Inhibitor MK2206","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Akt inhibitor MK2206","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MK 2206","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MK-2206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK2206","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MK2206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2933427"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1032349-93-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"51HZG6MP1K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596332"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596332"}]}}{"C85448":{"preferredName":"Akt Inhibitor SR13668","code":"C85448","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable indole-3-carbinol (I3C) analogue inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Akt inhibitor SR13668 binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Akt Inhibitor SR13668","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Akt Inhibitor SR13668","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRI13668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412317"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642606"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642606"}]}}{"C113792":{"preferredName":"Akt/ERK Inhibitor ONC201","code":"C113792","definitions":[{"description":"A water soluble, orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Akt/ERK inhibitor ONC201 binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt and ERK, which may result in inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signal transduction pathway as well as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated pathway. This may lead to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis mediated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)/TRAIL death receptor type 5 (DR5) signaling in AKT/ERK-overexpressing tumor cells. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and MAPK/ERK pathway are upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and play a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival by inhibiting apoptosis. In addition, ONC201 is able to cross the blood-brain barrier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Akt/ERK Inhibitor ONC201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONC201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIC10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3710983"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757339"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757339"}]}}{"C61438":{"preferredName":"Alacizumab Pegol","code":"C61438","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated, cross-linked, humanized divalent-Fab' antibody fragment directed against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) with potential antiangiogenic and antitumor activities. Alacizumab pegol binds to and inhibits VEGFR-2, which may inhibit angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Multivalent Fab' antibody fragments may exhibit improved retention and internalization properties compared to their parent IgGs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALACIZUMAB PEGOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alacizumab Pegol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDP-791","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831765"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"934216-54-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZL9780F883"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"472077"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"472077"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pegylated_Anti-GRF_Antibody_Fragment"}]}}{"C994":{"preferredName":"Alanosine","code":"C994","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An amino acid analogue and antibiotic derived from the bacterium Streptomyces alanosinicus with antimetabolite and potential antineoplastic activities. L-alanosine inhibits adenylosuccinate synthetase, which converts inosine monophospate (IMP) into adenylosuccinate, an intermediate in purine metabolism. L-alanosine-induced disruption of de novo purine biosynthesis is potentiated by methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) deficiency. The clinical use of this agent may be limited by its toxicity profile. MTAP is a key enzyme in the adenine and methionine salvage pathways.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(Hydroxynitrosoamino)-L-alanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALANOSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ALANOSINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Alanosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alanosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-2-Amino-3-(hydroxynitrosoamino)propionic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-2-Amino-3-[(N-nitroso)hydroxylamino]propionic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-2-Amino-3-[(N-nitroso)hydroxylamino]propionic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Alanosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Alanosine Sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SDX-102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"alanosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"529469"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0051066"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5854-93-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2CNI71214Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39138"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39138"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C3H7N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"L-Alanosine"}]}}{"C131607":{"preferredName":"Albumin-binding Cisplatin Prodrug BTP-114","code":"C131607","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, albumin-binding platinum (Pt)-based complex containing a prodrug form of the platinum compound cisplatin and a maleimide moiety, with an ability to strongly and selectively bind human serum albumin (HSA), and with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the maleimide group of BTP-114 rapidly conjugates with HSA in the bloodstream; this prolongs the blood circulation, enhances the half-life, and alters the biodistribution of BTP-114, as compared to cisplatin alone. Thus, BTP-114 demonstrates enhanced extravasation to the tumor, an increased accumulation in the tumor tissue and enhanced uptake by cancer cells. The prodrug form is reduced in the hypoxic tumor cell environment, which releases the highly cytotoxic active metabolite cisplatin. Once inside the tumor cell, cisplatin binds to nucleophilic groups, such as GC-rich sites, in DNA and induces intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, resulting in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Compared to cisplatin alone, BTP-114 has improved selectivity towards tumor tissue, thereby enhancing efficacy while reducing systemic toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Albumin-binding Cisplatin Prodrug BTP-114","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Albumin-binding Cisplatin Prodrug BTP-114","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Albumin-conjugating Platinum-prodrug BTP-114","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTP 114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTP-114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin Prodrug BTP-114","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin/Maleimide-based Complex BTP-114","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum-Prodrug BTP-114","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prodrug BTP 114","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514482"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786268"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786268"}]}}{"C1498":{"preferredName":"Aldesleukin","code":"C1498","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat some types of cancer. It is a form of interleukin-2, a cytokine made by leukocytes (white blood cells), that is made in the laboratory. Aldesleukin increases the activity and growth of white blood cells called T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes. It is a type of biological response modifier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant analog of the endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) with immunoregulatory and antineoplastic activities. Aldesleukin binds to and activates the IL-2 receptor, followed by heterodimerization of the cytoplasmic domains of the IL-2R beta and gamma(c) chains; activation of the tyrosine kinase Jak3; and phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the IL-2R beta chain, resulting in an activated receptor complex. Various cytoplasmic signaling molecules are recruited to the activated receptor complex and become substrates for regulatory enzymes that are associated with the receptor complex. This agent enhances lymphocyte mitogenesis; stimulates long-term growth of human IL-2 dependent cell lines; enhances lymphocyte cytotoxicity; induces lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell and natural killer (NK) cell activities; and induces expression of interferon-gamma. Aldesleukin may induce T cell-mediated tumor regression in some tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"125-L-Serine-2-133-interleukin 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALDESLEUKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aldesleukin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aldesleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Proleukin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human IL-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aldesleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"r-serHuIL-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"recombinant human interleukin-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0218986"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"110942-02-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M89N0Q7EQR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39756"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39756"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aldesleukin"}]}}{"C68921":{"preferredName":"Aldoxorubicin","code":"C68921","definitions":[{"description":"A 6-maleimidocaproyl hydrazone derivative prodrug of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin (DOXO-EMCH) with antineoplastic activity. Following intravenous administration, aldoxorubicin binds selectively to the cysteine-34 position of albumin via its maleimide moiety. Doxorubicin is released from the albumin carrier after cleavage of the acid-sensitive hydrazone linker within the acidic environment of tumors and, once located intracellularly, intercalates DNA, inhibits DNA synthesis, and induces apoptosis. Albumin tends to accumulate in solid tumors as a result of high metabolic turnover, rapid angiogenesis, hypervasculature, and impaired lymphatic drainage. Because of passive accumulation within tumors, this agent may improve the therapeutic effects of doxorubicin while minimizing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALDOXORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aldoxorubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aldoxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOXO-EMCH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-EMCH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INNO-206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3495619"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1361644-26-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C28MV4IM0B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"552648"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"552648"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Doxorubicin_Prodrug_INNO-206"}]}}{"C101790":{"preferredName":"Alectinib","code":"C101790","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, alectinib binds to and inhibits ALK kinase, ALK fusion proteins as well as the gatekeeper mutation ALKL1196M known as one of the mechanisms of acquired resistance to small-molecule kinase inhibitors. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5H-benzo(b)carbazole-3-carbonitrile, 9-Ethyl-6,11-dihydro-6,6-dimethyl-8-(4-(4-morpholinyl)-1-piperidinyl)-11-oxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AF-802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AF802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALECTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alecensa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alecensa","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alectinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alectinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CH5424802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5424802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3853921"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1256580-46-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LIJ4CT1Z3Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733572"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733572"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:62268"}]}}{"C65220":{"preferredName":"Alefacept","code":"C65220","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat certain skin conditions and is being studied in the treatment of cutaneous (skin-related) T-cell cancer and T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Alefacept is made by combining part of an antibody with a protein that blocks the growth some types of T cells. It is a type of fusion protein and a type of immunosuppressant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant dimeric fusion protein consisting of the extracellular CD2-binding domain of the human leukocyte function-associated antigen 3 (LFA-3; CD58) linked to the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) with potential immunosuppressive activity. Alefacept binds to the CD2 receptor expressed on the majority of T lymphocytes, blocking the binding of endogenous LFA-3, located on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), to the CD2 receptor; the activation and proliferation of T lymphocytes in response to LFA-3 binding is thus inhibited. In addition, binding of the IgG1 moiety of this agent to the Fc gamma receptor on the surface of natural killer (NK)cells may bridge NK cells and target T lymphocytes, initiating NK cell-mediated apoptosis of T lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALEFACEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alefacept","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alefacept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amevive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Amevive","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LFA3TIP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alefacept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0962603"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"222535-22-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ELK3V90G6C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531798"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531798"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Alefacept"}]}}{"C1681":{"preferredName":"Alemtuzumab","code":"C1681","definitions":[{"description":"A type of monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of leukemia. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant DNA-derived humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein, CD52. Alemtuzumab is an IgG1 kappa with human variable framework and constant regions, and complementarity-determining regions derived from a rat monoclonal antibody. This agent selectively binds to CD52, thereby triggering a host immune response that results in lysis of CD52 + cells. CD52 is a glycoprotein expressed on the surface of essentially all normal and malignant B and T cells, a majority of monocytes, macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells, a subpopulation of granulocytes, and tissues of the male reproductive system. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALEMTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alemtuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alemtuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD52 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Campath","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Campath-1H","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Campath-1H","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDP-03","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lemtrada","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MabCampath","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Campath-1H","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alemtuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"715969"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0383429"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"216503-57-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3A189DH42V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37783"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37783"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Alemtuzumab"}]}}{"C77370":{"preferredName":"Alestramustine","code":"C77370","definitions":[{"description":"The l-alanine ester form of estramustine, a combination of the nitrogen mustard normustine coupled via a carbamate to estradiol, with antineoplastic activity. Upon conversion of alestramustine to estramustine, estramustine binds to microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and beta tubulin, thereby interfering with microtubule dynamics and leading to microtubule disassembly and cell cyle arrest. Due to the estrogen moiety, this agent is able to selectively bind to and be taken up by estrogen receptor-positive cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALESTRAMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alestramustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2697985"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"139402-18-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"81U8A51CHK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H36Cl2N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Alestramustine"}]}}{"C133719":{"preferredName":"Alflutinib Mesylate","code":"C133719","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt form of alflutinib, an orally available selective inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, alflutinib specifically binds to and inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation. This prevents EGFR T790M-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, alflutinib may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASK120067","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AST 2818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AST2818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alflutinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520357"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788215"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788215"}]}}{"C61082":{"preferredName":"Algenpantucel-L","code":"C61082","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of irradiated allogeneic pancreatic cancer cells transfected to express murine alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase with potential antitumor activity. Vaccination is associated with the expression of murine alpha-1,3-galactosyl (alpha-gal) carbohydrate residues on cell membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids of the vaccine pancreatic cancer cell allograft; murine alpha-gal epitopes, not present on human cells, then induce a hyperacute rejection of the vaccine pancreatic cancer cell allograft. The hyperacute rejection involves the binding of pre-existing human anti-alpha-gal antibodies (which naturally occur against gut flora) to murine alpha-gal epitopes, resulting in the rapid activation of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) towards allograft cells. The host immune system then attacks endogenous pancreatic cancer cells, resulting in ADCC towards endogenous pancreatic cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Algenpantucel-L","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Algenpantucel-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha (1,3) Galactosyltransferase Tumor Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-1,3-Galactosyltransferase-expressing Allogeneic Pancreatic Tumor Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HAPa","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HyperAcute-Pancreas Immunotherapy","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hyperacute Pancreatic Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831790"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"475734"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"475734"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Alpha-Gal_Pancreatic_Cancer_Vaccine"}]}}{"C71717":{"preferredName":"Alisertib","code":"C71717","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation, orally bioavailable, highly selective small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Aurora A kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Alisertib binds to and inhibits Aurora A kinase, which may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and inhibition of cell proliferation. Aurora A kinase localizes to the spindle poles and to spindle microtubules during mitosis, and is thought to regulate spindle assembly. Aberrant expression of Aurora kinases occurs in a wide variety of cancers, including colon and breast cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALISERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alisertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alisertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor MLN8237","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzoic Acid, 4-((9-Chloro-7-(2-Fluoro-6-Methoxyphenyl)-5H-Pyrimido(5,4-d)(2)Benzazepin-2-yl)Amino)-2-Methoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN-8237","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN8237","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346875"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1028486-01-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T66ES73M18"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561286"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561286"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H20ClFN4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aurora_A_Kinase_Inhibitor_MLN8237"}]}}{"C1574":{"preferredName":"Alitretinoin","code":"C1574","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied for cancer prevention. It belongs to the family of drugs called retinoids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally- and topically-active naturally-occurring retinoic acid with antineoplastic, chemopreventive, teratogenic, and embryotoxic activities. Alitretinoin binds to and activates nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and retinoid X receptors (RXR); these activated receptors act as transcription factors, regulating gene expression that results in the inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell differentiation, and apoptosis of both normal cells and tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)2-trans-4-trans-6-cis-8-trans-nonatetraenoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Cis-Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"9-cRA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-cis Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-cis retinoic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"9-cis-RA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-cis-Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALITRETINOIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ALRT1057","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alitretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Alitretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGD1057","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panretin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panretyn","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panrexin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinoicacid-9-cis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"659772"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281666"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5300-03-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Topical treatment of cutaneous lesions in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1UA8E65KDZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42147"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42147"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H28O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Alitretinoin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50648"}]}}{"C165556":{"preferredName":"Alkotinib","code":"C165556","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of multiple kinases, including the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, alkotinib binds to and inhibits the wild-type, point mutations and fusion proteins of ALK and ROS1. Inhibition of these kinases leads to the disruption of downstream signaling pathways and the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells which these kinases are overexpressed, rearranged or mutated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alkotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZG 0418","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZG-0418","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZG0418","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799671"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799671"}]}}{"C123911":{"preferredName":"Allodepleted T Cell Immunotherapeutic ATIR101","code":"C123911","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based immunotherapeutic product containing T-lymphocyte-enriched leukocytes that are devoid of alloreactive T-lymphocytes, that can potentially be used to restore lymphocyte levels after stem cell transplantations and are derived from partially matched (haploidentical) family donors for blood cancer patients who do not have a matching stem cell donor available. Host alloreactive T-cells, which can cause graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), are eliminated from the donor lymphocytes ex vivo using photodynamic therapy. After allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), allodepleted T cell immunotherapeutic ATIR101 is administered. This maintains a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells and the donor T-cells can prevent opportunistic infections. ATIR101 does not cause severe, acute GVHD. In addition, administration of ATIR101 eliminates the need for immunosuppressants.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATIR101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allodepleted T Cell Immunotherapeutic ATIR101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allodepleted T Cell Immunotherapeutic ATIR101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allodepleted T-cell ImmunotheRapeutics","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theralux-ATIR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498275"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775836"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775836"}]}}{"C158558":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19-CAR T-cells PBCAR0191","code":"C158558","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf, T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified using a proprietary synthetic nuclease-based system to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 (cluster of differentiation 19) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD19-CAR T-cells PBCAR0191 specifically recognize and kill CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen, which is expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies and normal B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19-CAR T-cells PBCAR0191","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19-CAR T-cells PBCAR0191","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19-CAR T-lymphocytes PBCAR0191","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19-CAR Allogeneic T-cells PBCAR0191","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBCAR0191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938005"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797475"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797475"}]}}{"C137863":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic CD3- CD19- CD57+ NKG2C+ NK Cells FATE-NK100","code":"C137863","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of pharmacologically-enriched, allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells derived from a related but not completely matched human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-haploidentical donor that is seropositive for cytomegalovirus (CMV+), with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, the donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are treated to remove T-lymphocytes (CD3+) and B-lymphocytes (CD19+). The remaining leukocytes are cultured for 7 days with the cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) and a small molecule inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta (GSK3beta) to generate the adaptive, CD3- CD19- CD57+ NKG2C+ NK cells FATE-NK100 ex vivo. Upon infusion of the allogeneic CD3- CD19- CD57+ NKG2C+ NK cells FATE-NK100, these cells selectively recognize and bind to tumor cells, and secrete perforins, granzymes, and cytokines, which results in cancer cell lysis. Exposure to CMV induces the expression of the memory-like activating receptor NKG2C and the maturation marker CD57 in the isolated NK cells, making them more potent than those not pre-exposed to CMV. CD57 both enhances the effector function of NK cells and stimulates CD16-dependent signaling. Treatment with IL-15 enhances NK cell proliferation and survival. The GSK3beta inhibitor induces preferential expansion of CD57+ NK cells that exhibit enhanced interferon (IFN)-gamma production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adaptive Memory NKs Cells FATE-NK100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adaptive Memory Natural Killer Cells FATE-NK100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adaptive NKs Cells FATE-NK100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic CD3- CD19- CD57+ NKG2C+ NK Cells FATE-NK100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic CD3- CD19- CD57+ NKG2C+ NK Cells FATE-NK100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FATE NK100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FATE-NK100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524941"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790374"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790374"}]}}{"C119759":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Cellular Vaccine 1650-G","code":"C119759","definitions":[{"description":"A pluripotent, allogeneic, tumor cell vaccine composed of irradiated tumor cells from the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line 1650 and the immunoadjuvant recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (1650-G), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic cellular vaccine 1650-G may stimulate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressed on NSCLC cells. GM-CSF potentiates the antitumor immune response. The 1650 cell line is used as a source for TAAs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1650-G","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1650-G Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1650G","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Cellular Vaccine 1650-G","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Cellular Vaccine 1650-G","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896934"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C146711":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Breast Cancer Vaccine SV-BR-1-GM","code":"C146711","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine consisting of irradiated allogeneic breast cancer cells, derived from the breast cancer cell line SV-BR-1 that are transfected with the immunostimulant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; CSF2) gene, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of the allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting breast cancer vaccine SV-BR-1-GM, the genetically-modified cells secrete GM-CSF. This potentiates a tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against breast cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Breast Cancer Vaccine SV-BR-1-GM","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Breast Cancer Vaccine SV-BR-1-GM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer Vaccine SV-BR-1-GM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bria-IMT","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GM-CSF Gene-transfected Breast Cancer Vaccine SV-BR-1-GM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SV-BR-1 Breast Cancer Cell Line Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SV-BR-1-GM","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SV-BR-1-GM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544722"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792158"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792158"}]}}{"C2525":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Prostate Cancer Vaccine","code":"C2525","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic whole cell vaccine expressing human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Tumor cells from prostate cancer patients are harvested and then genetically modified to secrete GM-CSF, an immune stimulatory growth factor that plays a key role in stimulating the body's immune responses against tumor cells. Because the vaccine is derived from allogenic cells, it has demonstrated a favorable side effect profile than other approaches of delivering long-lasting GM-CSF.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF Prostate Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Prostate Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Prostate Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Prostate Cancer Vaccine, GM- CSF Gene Transduced","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogenic Prostate GVAX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GM-CSF Gene Transduced Allogeneic Prostate Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GVAX Allogeneic Prostate Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GVAX Allogenic Prostate Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GVAX Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GVAX Prostate Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Cancer Vaccine, GM-CSF Gene Transduced","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Cancer Vaccine, GVAX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796615"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43459"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43459"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"GVAX_Prostate_Cancer_Vaccine"}]}}{"C98282":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Whole Melanoma Cell Vaccine","code":"C98282","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic cancer vaccine composed of lethally irradiated whole melanoma cancer cells that are genetically modified to secrete the immunostimulatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal injections, allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting lethally irradiated whole melanoma cell vaccine secretes GM-CSF. In turn, GM-CSF may stimulate the body's immune system against tumor cells by enhancing the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and promoting antigen presentation to both B- and T-lymphocytes. In addition, GM-CSF promotes antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and increases interleukin-2-mediated lymphokine-activated killer cell function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Whole Melanoma Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Whole Melanoma Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GVAX Melanoma Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432401"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712484"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712484"}]}}{"C101892":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Tumor Vaccine PANC 10.05 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo","code":"C101892","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic cancer vaccine composed of lethally irradiated, whole pancreatic cancer cells transfected with a plasmid carrying the gene for cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting tumor vaccine PANC 10.05 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo secretes GM-CSF thereby activating dendritic cells, promoting antigen presentation to B- and T-cells, and promoting a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. This may eventually kill tumor cells. The pancreatic tumor cells are derived from the PANC 10.05 tumor cell line.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Tumor Vaccine PANC 10.05 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANC 10.05 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL436275"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734024"}]}}{"C101891":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Tumor Vaccine PANC 6.03 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo","code":"C101891","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic cancer vaccine composed of lethally irradiated, whole pancreatic cancer cells transfected with a plasmid carrying the gene for cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting tumor vaccine PANC 6.03 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo secretes GM-CSF thereby activating dendritic cells, promoting antigen presentation to B- and T-cells, and promoting a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. This may eventually kill tumor cells. The pancreatic tumor cells are derived from the PANC 6.03 tumor cell line.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Tumor Vaccine PANC 6.03 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANC 6.03 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL436274"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734023"}]}}{"C90577":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic IL13-Zetakine/HyTK-Expressing-Glucocorticoid Resistant Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes GRm13Z40-2","code":"C90577","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) negative, allogeneic cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) expressing a membrane-tethered interleukin 13 (IL13) cytokine chimeric T-cell antigen receptor (zetakine), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon transfection of donor T-lymphocytes with a plasmid encoding a fusion protein of the IL13-zetakine and the selection-suicide expression enzyme HyTK, these modified CTLs are expanded and introduced into a patient with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). This agent specifically targets IL13 receptor alpha2, a glioma-restricted cell-surface epitope; the CTLs exert their cytolytic effect thereby killing IL13Ra2-expressing glioma cells. In addition, IL13-zetakine redirected CTLs induce production of certain cytokines. Furthermore, due to the fact that these CTLs are GR negative, they can be used concomitantly with glucocorticoid therapy. The IL13-zetakine consists of an extracellular IL-13 E13Y mutein-human IgG4 hinge-Fc chimera fused to human cytoplasmic CD3-zeta via the transmembrane domain of human CD4.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic IL13-Zetakine/HyTK-Expressing-Glucocorticoid Resistant Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes GRm13Z40-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRm13Z40-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416270"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"668180"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"668180"}]}}{"C103862":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Irradiated Melanoma Cell Vaccine CSF470","code":"C103862","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic cancer vaccine composed of a mixture of lethally irradiated whole melanoma cancer cells obtained from four different melanoma cell lines, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal injections, allogeneic irradiated melanoma cell vaccine may stimulate the body's immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against the melanoma cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Irradiated Melanoma Cell Vaccine CSF470","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF 470 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF470 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438340"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743369"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743369"}]}}{"C78862":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Large Multivalent Immunogen Melanoma Vaccine LP2307","code":"C78862","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine, containing human-specific large multivalent immunogen (LMI) isolated from plasma membrane fractions of the melanoma cell lines MSM-M1 and MSM-M2, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic large multivalent immunogen melanoma vaccine LP2307 may stimulate a CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against melanoma tumor cells that express melanoma-specific LMI.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic LMI Melanoma Vaccine LP2307","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Large Multivalent Immunogen Melanoma Vaccine LP2307","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Large Multivalent Immunogen Melanoma Vaccine LP2307","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LP2307","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387595"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"602166"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"602166"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Allogeneic_Large_Multivalent_Immunogen_Melanoma_Vaccine_LP2307"}]}}{"C78861":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Melanoma Vaccine AGI-101H","code":"C78861","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine derived from two gentically modified human melanoma cell lines with potential antineoplastic activity. Allogeneic melanoma vaccine AGI-101H consists of a 1:1 mixture of cells from two genetically modified human melanoma cell lines, designated as Mich1H6 and Mich2H6, that have been gamma-irradiated to render the cells non-proliferative. Upon administration, this vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic immune response against melanoma tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGI-101H","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Melanoma Vaccine AGI-101H","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387596"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601981"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601981"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Allogeneic_Melanoma_Vaccine_AGI-101H"}]}}{"C94209":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line MG4101","code":"C94209","definitions":[{"description":"A population of allogeneic, cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells with potential antitumor activity. Allogeneic natural killer cell line MG4101 is derived from cells of a normal, healthy donor upon leukapheresis and activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic NK Cell Line MG4101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line MG4101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG4101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426022"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686754"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686754"}]}}{"C117231":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line NK-92","code":"C117231","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, human cytotoxic cell line composed of allogeneic, activated, interleukin-2 (IL-2) dependent-natural killer cells derived from a 50-year old male patient with rapidly progressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, with potential antineoplastic activity. As NK-92 cells are devoid of killer inhibitory receptors (KIRs; also called killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors), which are negative regulators of NK cell activity, cancer cells are unable to suppress the cancer cell killing ability of the NK-92 cells. Upon infusion of the allogeneic NK cell line NK-92, the NKs recognize and bind to tumor cells. This leads to the secretion and release of perforins, granzymes, cytokines and chemokines, which results in cancer cell lysis and apoptosis. In addition, NK-92 cells express high affinity Fc receptors, which bind to therapeutic antibodies; therefore, this agent can enhance antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of co-administered therapeutic antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line NK-92","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line NK-92","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK-92","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK-92 Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"haNK","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474099"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763083"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763083"}]}}{"C95213":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Renal Cell Carcinoma Vaccine MGN1601","code":"C95213","definitions":[{"description":"A whole cell vaccine comprised of irradiated allogeneic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Allogeneic renal cell carcinoma vaccine MGN1601 contains two active ingredients: 1) genetically modified allogeneic RCC cells that are transiently transfected with four different MIDGE (Minimalistic Immunogenically Defined Gene Expression) vectors encoding IL-7, GM-CSF, CD80 and CD154 and 2) the synthetic DNA-based immunomodulator dSLIM-30L1, a TLR9 agonist.. Vaccination results in expression of IL-7, GM-CSF, CD80 and CD154, which all contribute to the activation or enhancement of immune responses. Furthermore, administration of this RCC vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against similar host tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth. TLR9 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Renal Cell Carcinoma Vaccine MGN1601","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-7/GM-CSF/CD80/CD154-encoding Synthetic dSLIM-30L1 Allogeneic Renal Cell Carcinoma Vaccine MGN1601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGN1601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426701"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"692088"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"692088"}]}}{"C1649":{"preferredName":"Allovectin-7","code":"C1649","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a gene therapy agent for the treatment of cancer. It increases the ability of the immune system to recognize cancer cells and kill them.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allovectin-7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Allovectin-7","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allovectin-7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-B7/Beta2M DNA Lipid (DMRIE/DOPE) Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-B7/Beta2M DNA Lipid Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-B7/Beta2M Plasmid DNA/DMRIE/DOPE Lipid Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-B7/Beta2M Plasmid DNA/Lipid Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-B7/Beta2Microglobulin DNA-Liposome Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338269"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42356"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42356"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Allovectin-7"}]}}{"C81667":{"preferredName":"Almurtide","code":"C81667","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic muramyl dipeptide (MDP) analogue with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. As a derivative of the mycobacterial cell wall component MDP, almurtide activates both monocytes and macrophages. This results in the secretion of cytokines and induces the recruitment and activation of other immune cells, which may result in indirect tumoricidal or cytostatic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Acetamido-3-O-((((1S)-1-(((1R)-1-carbamoyl-3- carboxypropyl)carbamoyl)ethyl)carbamoyl)methyl)-2-deoxy-D- glucopyranose","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALMURTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Almurtide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cgp-11637","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Acetyl-nor-muramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nor-MDP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"norMDP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0130664"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"61136-12-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1DCO35D4OR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"702874"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"702874"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H30N4O11"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Almurtide"}]}}{"C94214":{"preferredName":"Alpelisib","code":"C94214","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Alpelisib specifically inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALPELISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alpelisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alpelisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BYL719","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphoinositide 3-kinase Inhibitor BYL719","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Piqray","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986399"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1217486-61-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, PIK3CA-mutated, advanced or metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"08W5N2C97Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687431"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687431"}]}}{"C1720":{"preferredName":"Alpha Galactosylceramide","code":"C1720","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a biological response modifier that belongs to the family of drugs called glycosphingolipids or agelasphins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A potent alpha galactosylceramide modified from marine-sponge that stimulates the immune system to exhibit antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alpha Galactosylceramide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alpha Galactosylceramide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRN-7000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRN7000","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"KRN7000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"a-GalCer","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0534775"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"158021-47-7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43562"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43562"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"KRN7000"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:466659"}]}}{"C52185":{"preferredName":"Alpha V Beta 1 Inhibitor ATN-161","code":"C52185","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. ATN-161 may prevent the spread of tumor cells and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small peptide antagonist of integrin alpha5beta1 with potential antineoplastic activity. ATN-161 selectively binds to and blocks the receptor for integrin alpha5beta1, thereby preventing integrin alpha5beta1 binding. This receptor blockade may result in inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, angiogenesis, and tumor progression. Integrin alpha5beta1 is expressed on endothelial cells and plays a crucial role in endothelial cell adhesion and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATN-161","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ATN-161","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha V Beta 1 Inhibitor ATN-161","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706674"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459774"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459774"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ATN-161"}]}}{"C165548":{"preferredName":"Alpha-Gal AGI-134","code":"C165548","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic alpha Gal (aGal) molecule, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection of aGal AGI-134, aGal coats the cancer cell membranes and triggers an anti-aGal antibody-mediated immune response leading to an initial complement-dependent and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This cytotoxicity causes release from tumor cells and subsequent uptake of released tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This may activate a systemic immune response against the TAAs and may eradicate cancer cells. aGal is a cell-surface carbohydrate antigen not expressed by humans while being expressed by all other mammals and bacteria. Anti-aGal antibodies are continuously and abundantly produced by humans due to exposure to aGal present on intestinal bacteria in the digestive system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-(2R-(4R,8R,12-trimethyltridecyl) chroman-6-yloxy) Acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGI 134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGI-134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGI134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-Gal AGI-134","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-alpha Gal Immunotherapeutic AGI-134","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aGal AGI-134","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799503"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799503"}]}}{"C28795":{"preferredName":"Alpha-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside","code":"C28795","definitions":[{"description":"A purine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6H-Purine-6-thione, 2-amino-9-(2-deoxy-alpha-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-1,9-dihydro- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9H-Purine-6-thiol, 2-amino-9-(2-deoxy-alpha-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-TGDR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thioguanine 9-alpha-D-2'-deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-2'-Deoxy-6-thioguanosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-2'-Deoxythioguanosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-Thiodeoxyguanosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"71851"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0051299"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2133-81-5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Alpha-Thioguanine_Deoxyriboside"}]}}{"C159497":{"preferredName":"Alpha-lactalbumin-derived Synthetic Peptide-lipid Complex Alpha1H","code":"C159497","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic proteolipid complex comprised of the alpha-1 domain of alpha-lactalbumin (lactose synthase B protein) and oleic acid, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical instillation, alpha1H selectively accumulates in the nuclei of tumor cells and binds to histones H3, H4, and H2B. By binding to histones, alpha1H disrupts chromatin assembly and interferes with intact chromatin, thereby preventing tumor cell transcription and replication. Additionally, alpha1H inhibits the phosphorylation of multiple kinases involved in cancer-associated pathways including the Ras/Raf/ERK, PI3K/AKT, p38 MAPK and JNK signaling pathways. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in tumor cells that are driven by the dysregulation of certain kinases and oncogenic GTPases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alpha 1H","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-1H","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-lactalbumin-derived Synthetic Peptide-lipid Complex Alpha1H","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-lactalbumin-derived Synthetic Proteolipid Complex Alpha1H","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha1H","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797495"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797495"}]}}{"C117234":{"preferredName":"Alpha-tocopheryloxyacetic Acid","code":"C117234","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable vitamin E derivative with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration, alpha-tocopheryloxyacetic acid (alpha-TEA) induces tumor autophagy; the autophagosomes formed, which carry tumor associated antigens (TAAs), allow for increased cross-presentation of TAAs by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This activates a T cell-mediated T helper type 1 (TH1) response, generates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells, and reduces the frequency of regulatory T-cell (Treg) differentiation. In addition, alpha-TEA modulates the release of various cytokines and chemokines and induces tumor cell apoptosis. Altogether, this results in decreased tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-(2R-(4R,8R,12-trimethyltridecyl) chroman-6-yloxy) Acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-tocopheryloxyacetic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"a-TEA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-TEA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1455006"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763148"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763148"}]}}{"C118290":{"preferredName":"Altiratinib","code":"C118290","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinase (TIE2), and tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, altiratinib selectively binds to c-Met, VEGFR2, Tie2 and Trk tyrosine kinases, which may lead to the inhibition of endothelial cell migration, proliferation and survival. This also results in both an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and increased tumor cell death in c-Met/VEGFR2/Tie2/Trk-expressing cells. These receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), frequently overexpressed or mutated by a variety of tumor cell types, play crucial roles in the regulation of angiogenesis, tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-Cyclopropanedicarboxamide, N-(4-((2-((cyclopropylcarbonyl)amino)-4-pyridinyl)oxy)-2,5-difluorophenyl)-N'-(4-fluorophenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALTIRATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Altiratinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCC-2701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896881"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1345847-93-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T678746713"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764368"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764368"}]}}{"C544":{"preferredName":"Altretamine","code":"C544","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic cytotoxic s-triazine derivative similar in structure to alkylating agent triethylenemelamin with antineoplastic activity. Although the precise mechanism by which altretamine exerts its cytotoxic effect is unknown, N-demethylation of altretamine may produce reactive intermediates which covalently bind to DNA, resulting in DNA damage. 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A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called geldanamycin analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An analogue of the antineoplastic benzoquinone antibiotic geldanamycin. Alvespimycin binds to HSP90, a chaperone protein that aids in the assembly, maturation and folding of proteins. Subsequently, the function of Hsp90 is inhibited, leading to the degradation and depletion of its client proteins such as kinases and transcription factors involved with cell cycle regulation and signal transduction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-(Dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-Demethoxygeldanamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-DMAG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ALVESPIMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alvespimycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Geldanamycin,17-demethoxy-17-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"707545"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527262"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"467214-20-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"001L2FE0M3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H48N4O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_17-Dimethylaminoethylamino_17-Demethoxygeldanamycin"}]}}{"C76665":{"preferredName":"Alvespimycin Hydrochloride","code":"C76665","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of alvespimycin, an analogue of the antineoplastic benzoquinone antibiotic geldanamycin. Alvespimycin binds to HSP90, a chaperone protein that aids in the assembly, maturation and folding of proteins. Subsequently, the function of Hsp90 is inhibited, leading to the degradation and depletion of its client proteins such as kinases and transcription factors involved with cell cycle regulation and signal transduction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-DMAG HCl","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALVESPIMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alvespimycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alvespimycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-826476","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Geldanamycin,17-demethoxy-17-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)amino)-, Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KOS-1022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2350808"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"467214-21-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"612K359T69"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"378203"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"378203"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H48N4O8.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Alvespimycin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C74940":{"preferredName":"Alvocidib","code":"C74940","definitions":[{"description":"The free base form of a synthetic N-methylpiperidinyl chlorophenyl flavone compound. As an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase, alvocidib induces cell cycle arrest by preventing phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and by down-regulating cyclin D1 and D3 expression, resulting in G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This agent is also a competitive inhibitor of adenosine triphosphate activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-cis-5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-8-(4-(3-hydroxy-1-methyl)piperidinyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALVOCIDIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alvocidib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Alvocidib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alvocidib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alvocidib Freebase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flavopiridol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alvocidib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"flavopiridol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0174903"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"146426-40-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"45AD6X575G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H20ClNO5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Alvocidib_Freebase"}]}}{"C1571":{"preferredName":"Alvocidib Hydrochloride","code":"C1571","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It stops cells from dividing and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic N-methylpiperidinyl chlorophenyl flavone compound. As an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase, alvocidib induces cell cycle arrest by preventing phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and by down-regulating cyclin D1 and D3 expression, resulting in G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This agent is also a competitive inhibitor of adenosine triphosphate activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(3R,4S)-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-4-piperidinyl]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5, 7-dihydroxy-8-(3-hydroxy-1-methyl-4-piperidinyl)-, hydrochloride, (-)-cis-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ALVOCIDIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alvocidib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alvocidib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flavopiridol Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HL-275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMR 1275","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HMR 1275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-86-8275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-868275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDL 107,826A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDL-107826A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"649890"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281603"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"131740-09-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D48MS3A6N9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42068"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42068"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H20ClNO5.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Flavopiridol"}]}}{"C165555":{"preferredName":"Alvocidib Prodrug TP-1287","code":"C165555","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, highly soluble phosphate prodrug of alvocidib, a potent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase-9 (CDK9), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the phosphate prodrug TP-1287, the prodrug is enzymatically cleaved at the tumor site and the active moiety alvocidib is released. Alvocidib targets and binds to CDK9, thereby reducing the expression of CDK9 target genes such as the anti-apoptotic protein MCL-1, and inducing G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CDK9-overexpressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alvocidib Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alvocidib Phosphate TP-1287","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alvocidib Prodrug TP-1287","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP 1287","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP-1287","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP1287","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799663"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799663"}]}}{"C62483":{"preferredName":"Amatuximab","code":"C62483","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Anti-mesothelin monoclonal antibody MORAb-009 binds to mesothelin (a protein that is made by some cancer cells) and stops the cells from dividing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody against human mesothelin with potential anti-tumor activity. Amatuximab specifically targets mesothelin, a cell surface glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion and overexpressed on many epithelial-derived cancer cells. Upon binding to the mesothelin antigen, amatuximab triggers an antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediated host immune response against mesothelin-expressing cells, resulting in cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMATUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amatuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amatuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Mesothelin Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(mesothelin) (Human-Mouse Monoclonal MORAb-009 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mouse Monoclonal MORAb-009 Kappa-Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORAb-009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MORAb-009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-mesothelin monoclonal antibody MORAb-009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3179481"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"931402-35-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6HP0354G04"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489384"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489384"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6394H9870N1694O2024S46"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-Mesothelin_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C73320":{"preferredName":"Ambamustine","code":"C73320","definitions":[{"description":"A tripeptidic nitrogen mustard compound and bifunctional alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMBAMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ambamustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-(m-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)-N-(3-(p-fluorophenyl)-L-alanyl)-L-alanyl)-L-methionine, Ethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTT-119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"10683068"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0244456"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"85754-59-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IB1H345F24"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H39Cl2FN4O4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ambamustine"}]}}{"C72627":{"preferredName":"Ambazone","code":"C72627","definitions":[{"description":"An antiseptic agent with potential antibacterial and antileukemic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, ambazone appears to interfere with the membrane-bound nucleotide system by increasing the intracellular concentration of cAMP in leukemia cells and macrophages, which potentially contributes to this agent's antineoplastic activity. Furthermore, this agent's affinity for various cellular targets, i.e. membranes, nucleic acids and proteins, may contribute to the overall antibacterial effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMBAZONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ambazone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Faringosept","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-Benzoquinone Amidinohydrazone Thiosemicarbazone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0043983"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6011-12-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BYK4592A3Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H11N7S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ambazone"}]}}{"C148521":{"preferredName":"Amblyomin-X","code":"C148521","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of a toxic protein derived from the salivary glands of the Amblyomma cajennense tick that inhibits Factor Xa and induces apoptosis, with potential antithrombotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, amblyomin-X promotes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, cytochrome-c release, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, and activation of caspase. Additionally, this agent selectively induces apoptosis in tumor cells. It also affects endothelial cell functions, such as adhesion, and may inhibit angiogenesis. Amblyomin-X targets and binds to factor Xa, inhibits its activity and interrupts the blood coagulation cascade, thereby preventing thrombin formation and thrombus development. As cancer is associated with thrombosis, amblyomin-X could potentially exert its antineoplastic and antithrombotic effects in the cancer patient at the same time.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amblyomin-X","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551143"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792680"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792680"}]}}{"C104745":{"preferredName":"Amcasertib","code":"C104745","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available cancer cell stemness kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Even though the exact target has not been fully elucidated, amcasertib targets and inhibits one or more pathways involved in cancer stem cell survival. As a result, cancer stem cell (CSC) growth as well as heterogeneous cancer cell growth is inhibited. CSCs, self-replicating cells able to differentiate into heterogeneous cancer cells, appear to be responsible for both tumor relapse and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMCASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amcasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amcasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBI503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445816"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1129403-56-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GLY8ABW25V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746133"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746133"}]}}{"C1342":{"preferredName":"Ametantrone","code":"C1342","definitions":[{"description":"A topoisomerase II inhibitor of the anthrapyrazole family that causes covalent cross-links in DNA of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,4-bis[[2-[(2-Hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]9,10-anthracenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9, 10-Anthracenedione, 1, 4-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"AMETANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ametantrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ametantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"196473"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0102923"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"64862-96-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PNT6041ST1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39147"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39147"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H28N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ametantrone"}]}}{"C488":{"preferredName":"Amifostine","code":"C488","definitions":[{"description":"The trihydrate form of a phosphorylated aminosulfhydryl compound. After dephosphorylation of amifostine by alkaline phosphatase to an active free sulfhydryl (thiol) metabolite, the thiol metabolite binds to and detoxifies cytotoxic platinum-containing metabolites of cisplatin and scavenges free radicals induced by cisplatin and ionizing radiation. The elevated activity of this agent in normal tissues results from both the relative abundance of alkaline phosphatase in normal tissues and the greater vascularity of normal tissues compared to tumor tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[(3-Aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol Dihydrogen Phosphate Ester Trihydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMIFOSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"APAETP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amifostine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Amifostine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amifostine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amifostine Trihydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aminopropylaminoethylthiophosphoric Acid Trihydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytofos","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethiofos","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethyol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gammaphos","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Gammaphos","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-(N-(3-Aminopropyl)-2-aminoethyl)thiophosphoric Acid Trihydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-2-(3-Aminopropylamino)ethylphosphorothioic Acid Trihydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR 2721","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"WR-2721","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR2721","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM-08310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"296961"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015020"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"112901-68-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity; Radiation-induced mucositis and xerostomia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M487QF2F4V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39741"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39741"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H15N2O3PS.3H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Amifostine"}]}}{"C15509":{"preferredName":"Amino Acid Injection","code":"C15509","definitions":[{"description":"A concentrated dietary supplement for injection containing the essential amino acids leucine, isoleucine, lysine, valine, phenylalanine, histidine, threonine, methionine and tryptophan as well as the non-essential amino acids alanine, arginine, glycine, proline, serine and tyrosine, with potential anabolic and anti-catabolic activities. Upon dilution and intravenous infusion of the amino acid nutritional supplement, the amino acids serve as protein building blocks, promote protein synthesis in muscle cells and prevent protein breakdown.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amino Acid Injection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RenAmin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Travasol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076943"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757081"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757081"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Amino_Acid_Injection"}]}}{"C1488":{"preferredName":"Aminocamptothecin","code":"C1488","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called topoisomerase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A water-insoluble camptothecin derivative. Aminocamptothecin binds to the nuclear enzyme topoisomerase I, thereby inhibiting repair of single-strand DNA breakages. Because the terminal lactone ring of aminocamptothecin required for the agent's antitumor activity spontaneously opens under physiological conditions to an inactive carboxy form, the drug must be administered over an extended period of time to achieve effective cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-AC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"9-AC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-AMINOCAMPTOTHECIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"9-Amino-20-(S)-camptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"9-amino-20(S)-camptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-amino-20-camptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-amino-CPT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-amino-camptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-aminocamptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aminocamptothecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aminocamptothecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"603071"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0214192"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"86639-63-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5MB77ICE2Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41792"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41792"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aminocamptothecin"}]}}{"C2452":{"preferredName":"Aminocamptothecin Colloidal Dispersion","code":"C2452","definitions":[{"description":"A colloidal dispersion formulation of 9-Aminocamptothecin, a water-insoluble camptothecin derivative. Aminocamptothecin binds to the nuclear enzyme topoisomerase I, thereby inhibiting repair of single-strand DNA breakages. Because the terminal lactone ring of aminocamptothecin required for the agent's antitumor activity spontaneously opens under physiological conditions to an inactive carboxy form, the drug must be administered over an extended period of time to achieve effective cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-aminocamptothecin colloidal dispersion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9AC colloidal dispersion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aminocamptothecin Colloidal Dispersion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677807"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42874"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42874"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aminocamptothecin_Colloidal_Dispersion"}]}}{"C48370":{"preferredName":"Aminoflavone Prodrug AFP464","code":"C48370","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. AFP464 kills cancer cells or stops them from dividing. It is a type of aminoflavone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic lysyl prodrug of the amino-substituted flavone derivate aminoflavone with antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. AFP464 is rapidly converted to aminoflavone in plasma. Aminoflavone activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathway leading to an increase in cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) expression and, to a lesser extent, an increase in cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) expression. Subsequently, aminoflavone is metabolized to toxic metabolites by the cytochromome P450 enzymes that it induces; these toxic metabolites covalently bind to DNA, resulting in the phosphorylation of p53, the induction of the p53 downstream target p21Waf1/Cip1, and apoptosis. Pulmonary toxicity may be dose-limiting.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFP464","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AFP464","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aminoflavone Prodrug AFP464","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706653"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453584"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453584"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AFP464"}]}}{"C235":{"preferredName":"Aminopterin","code":"C235","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of pterins with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. As a folate analogue, aminopterin competes for the folate binding site of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby blocking tetrahydrofolate synthesis, and resulting in depletion of nucleotide precursors and inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Amino-PGA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Aminofolic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Aminofolic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-Aminopteroylglutamic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Aminopteroylglutamic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"AMINOPTERIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"APGA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"APGA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aminopterin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Aminopterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Aminopterin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aminopteroylglutamic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aminopterin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"739"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0002583"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"54-62-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JYB41CTM2Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39141"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39141"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H20N8O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aminopterin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:22526"}]}}{"C74554":{"preferredName":"Aminopterin Sodium","code":"C74554","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of a pterin derivative with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. As a folate analogue, aminopterin competes for the folate binding site of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby blocking tetrahydrofolate synthesis, and resulting in depletion of nucleotide precursors and inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMINOPTERIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aminopterin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aminopterin Sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium Aminopterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0282048"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58602-66-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FZU1QI13O9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H18N8O5.2Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aminopterin_Sodium"}]}}{"C90592":{"preferredName":"Amolimogene Bepiplasmid","code":"C90592","definitions":[{"description":"A plasmid DNA-based vaccine consisting of small biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glicolide) polymer microparticles encapsulating plasmid-DNA vector encoding a chimeric protein comprising epitopes derived from the E6 and E7 oncoproteins of the human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intramuscular vaccination, amolimogene bepiplasmid may elicit the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for HPV-16 and -18 E6 and E7 and may result in a reduction in tumor cell growth. HPV types 16 and 18 oncoproteins E6 and E7 are most commonly involved in cervical cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amolimogene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amolimogene Bepiplasmid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amolimogene Bepiplasmid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bacterially Derived DNA and Microparticles Made of Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glydolide)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA (synthetic Plasmid p3kDRalphaHPV16-18)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZYC101a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1435422"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561721"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561721"}]}}{"C61306":{"preferredName":"Amonafide L-Malate","code":"C61306","definitions":[{"description":"The malate salt of amonafide, an imide derivative of naphthalic acid, with potential antineoplastic activity. Amonafide intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and inhibition of DNA replication and RNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-amino-2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benz[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione (2S)-2-ydroxybutanedioate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMONAFIDE L-MALATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AS1413","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amonafide L-Malate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amonafide L-Malate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanedioic Acid, 2-hydroxy-, (2S)-, compd. with 5-amino-2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-1h-benz[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2h)-dione (1:1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XAN-02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xanafide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879697"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"618863-54-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Treatment of secondary acute myeloid leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LI06Q37TEG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485171"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485171"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H17N3O2.C4H6O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Amonafide_L-Malate"}]}}{"C80089":{"preferredName":"Amrubicin","code":"C80089","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of lung cancer. It is a type of anthracycline analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic 9-amino-anthracycline with antineoplastic activity. Amrubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits the activity of topoisomerase II, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication, and RNA and protein synthesis, followed by cell growth inhibition and cell death. This agent has demonstrated a higher level of anti-tumor activity than conventional anthracycline drugs without exhibiting any indication of the cumulative cardiac toxicity common to this class of compounds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-(7S,9S)-9-Acetyl-9-amino-7-((2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentopyranosyl)oxy)- 6,11-dihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrotetracene-5,12-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMRUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amrubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"amrubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL405282"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"110267-81-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"93N13LB4Z2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H25NO9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Amrubicin"}]}}{"C47948":{"preferredName":"Amrubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C47948","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a third-generation synthetic 9-amino-anthracycline with antineoplastic activity. Amrubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits the activity of topoisomerase II, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication, and RNA and protein synthesis, followed by cell growth inhibition and cell death. This agent has demonstrated a higher level of anti-tumor activity than conventional anthracycline drugs without exhibiting any indication of the cumulative cardiac toxicity common to this class of compounds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-(7S,9S)-9-Acetyl-9-amino-7-((2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentopyranosyl)oxy)- 6,11-dihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrotetracene-5,12-dione hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMRUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amrubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amrubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calsed","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-5887","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMP-5887","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0762659"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"110311-30-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EUL6MP8FZW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"443682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"443682"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H25NO9.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Amrubicin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C240":{"preferredName":"Amsacrine","code":"C240","definitions":[{"description":"An aminoacridine derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Although its mechanism of action is incompletely defined, amsacrine may intercalate into DNA and inhibit topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA double-strand breaks, arrest of the S/G2 phase of the cell cycle, and cell death. This agent's cytotoxicity is maximal during the S phase of the cell cycle when topoisomerase levels are greatest. In addition, amsacrine may induce transcription of tumor promoter p53 protein and block p53 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, resulting in p53-dependent tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-(9-Acridinylamino)methane-sulfon-m-anisidide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMSA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMSACRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acridinyl Anisidide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amekrin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amsa P-D","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amsacrine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Amsacrine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amsidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Amsidine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amsidyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-880","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cain's Acridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lamasine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-(9-Acridinylamino)-3-methoxyphenyl]methanesulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN 11841","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SN-11841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN-21429","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"amsacrine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"m-AMSA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"m-AMSA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"249992"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0591085"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51264-14-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"00DPD30SOY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39142"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39142"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H19N3O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Amsacrine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2687"}]}}{"C96771":{"preferredName":"Amsacrine Lactate","code":"C96771","definitions":[{"description":"The lactate form of amsacrine, an aminoacridine analog and topoisomerase II inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity. Although the exact relationship between DNA binding and its activity has yet to be fully elucidated, amsacrine intercalates DNA through its acridine moiety, and its nonintercalative headgroup impedes topoisomerase II activity, augmenting enzyme-mediated DNA cleavage and resulting in DNA double-strand breaks. This ultimately induces programmed cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMSACRINE LACTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amsacrine Lactate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanesulfon-m-anisidide, 4'-(9-acridinylamino)-, compd. with Lactic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-(9-Acridinylamino)-3-methoxyphenyl)methanesulfonamide compd. with Lactic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"m-AMSA lactate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"141549"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1271552"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"80277-11-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"959PWE0Q2E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H19N3O3S.C3H6O3"}]}}{"C38684":{"preferredName":"Amsilarotene","code":"C38684","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called synthetic retinoids and angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A retinobenzoic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Amsilarotene inhibits retinoblastoma-gene product (RB) phosphorylation and increases the presence of 2 cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, resulting in cell cycle arrest. This agent also causes a cytotoxic decline in cyclin A and thymidylate synthase expression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMSILAROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amsilarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAC 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAC-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TAC-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0675838"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"125973-56-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q1418F39MH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350384"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350384"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H27NO3Si2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"TAC-101"}]}}{"C75926":{"preferredName":"Amustaline","code":"C75926","definitions":[{"description":"A quinacrine mustard compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Amustaline binds to, intercalates and crosslinks DNA and RNA. This agent is mainly used for ex vivo purposes, specifically for the inactivation of pathogens such as viruses, protozoa and bacteria in red blood cells (RBCs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl))-2-aminoethyl-3-((acridin-9-yl)amino)propionate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMUSTALINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amustaline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-303","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1667749"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"220180-88-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"25571657UW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H25Cl2N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Amustaline"}]}}{"C75035":{"preferredName":"Amustaline Dihydrochloride","code":"C75035","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of amustaline, a quinacrine mustard compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Amustaline binds to, intercalates and crosslinks DNA and RNA. This agent is mainly used for ex vivo purposes, specifically for the inactivation of pathogens such as viruses, protozoa and bacteria in red blood cells (RBCs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMUSTALINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amustaline Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698106"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"210584-54-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C5MKX7XOYA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H25Cl2N3O2.2ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Amustaline_Dihydrochloride"}]}}{"C71750":{"preferredName":"Amuvatinib","code":"C71750","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It blocks the action of certain enzymes involved in cell growth and the repair of DNA damaged by some anticancer drugs. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of recombinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable synthetic carbothioamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor MP470 binds to mutant forms of the stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit; SCFR), inhibiting clinically relevant mutants of this receptor tyrosine kinase that may be associated with resistance to therapy. In addition, MP470 inhibits activities of other receptor tyrosine kinases, such as c-Met, Ret oncoprotein, and mutant forms of Flt3 and PDGFR alpha, which are frequently dysregulated in variety of tumors. This agent also suppresses the induction of DNA repair protein Rad51, thereby potentiating the activities of DNA damage-inducing agents. Mutant forms of c-Kit are often associated with tumor chemoresistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMUVATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amuvatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amuvatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPK56","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP470","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MP470","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor MP470","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1958331"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"850879-09-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SO9S6QZB4R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"559320"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"559320"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H21N5O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Receptor_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_MP470"}]}}{"C95776":{"preferredName":"Amuvatinib Hydrochloride","code":"C95776","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an orally bioavailable synthetic carbothioamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor MP470 binds to mutant forms of the stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit; SCFR), inhibiting clinically relevant mutants of this receptor tyrosine kinase that may be associated with resistance to therapy. In addition, MP470 inhibits activities of other receptor tyrosine kinases, such as c-Met, Ret oncoprotein, and mutant forms of Flt3 and PDGFR alpha, which are frequently dysregulated in variety of tumors. This agent also suppresses the induction of DNA repair protein Rad51, thereby potentiating the activities of DNA damage-inducing agents. Mutant forms of c-Kit are often associated with tumor chemoresistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Piperazinecarbothioamide, N-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-Ylmethyl)-4-Benzofuro(3,2-D)Pyrimidin-4-Yl-, Hydrochloride (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMUVATINIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amuvatinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPK56 HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP-470 HCI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP470 HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-Ylmethyl)-4-(Benzofuro(3,2-D)Pyrimidin-4-Yl)Piperazine-1- Carbothioamide Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987416"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1055986-67-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"14L8O2K12B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H21N5O3S.HCl"}]}}{"C38717":{"preferredName":"Anakinra","code":"C38717","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, and is being studied in the treatment of cancer. Anakinra blocks the action of interleukin 1 (IL-1). It is a type of interleukin receptor antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant human nonglycosylated interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Anakinra binds to the IL-1 receptor, thereby blocking the binding of the IL-1 to and activation of its receptor. Blockade of IL-1 activity may inhibit the cascade of downstream pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial cell growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-6, resulting in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANAKINRA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anakinra","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anakinra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kinaret","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Kineret","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anakinra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rIL-1ra","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rIL1RN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0245109"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"143090-92-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Rheumatoid arthritis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9013DUQ28K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43007"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43007"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anakinra"}]}}{"C1607":{"preferredName":"Anastrozole","code":"C1607","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is used to decrease estrogen production and suppress the growth of tumors that need estrogen to grow. It is a type of nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nonsteroidal inhibitor of estrogen synthesis that resembles paclitaxel in chemical structure. As a third-generation aromatase inhibitor, anastrozole selectively binds to and reversibly inhibits aromatase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme complex found in many tissues including those of the premenopausal ovary, liver, and breast; aromatase catalyzes the aromatization of androstenedione and testosterone into estrone and estradiol, the final step in estrogen biosynthesis. In estrogen-dependent breast cancers, ananstrozole may inhibit tumor growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,2'-[5-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-phenylene]di(2-methylpropionitrile)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANASTROZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alpha,alpha,alpha', alpha'-tetramethyl-5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-benzenediacetonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anastrazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anastrozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Anastrozole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Anastrozole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anastrozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arimidex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI D1033","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ICI-D1033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD-1033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anastrozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"719344"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0290883"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"120511-73-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hormone Receptor-Positive Early Breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2Z07MYW1AZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42540"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42540"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H19N5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anastrozole"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2704"}]}}{"C950":{"preferredName":"Anaxirone","code":"C950","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic triepoxide alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Anaxirone alkylates DNA via actual or derived epoxide groups, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis. This agent has been shown to exhibit a broad spectrum of antineoplastic activity against experimental tumors, including those resistant to other alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,4-triglycidylurazol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANAXIRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anaxirone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triglycidylurazol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"332488"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0043767"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"77658-97-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"36R61Y789T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39194"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39194"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H15N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anaxirone"}]}}{"C80636":{"preferredName":"Ancitabine","code":"C80636","definitions":[{"description":"A cytarabine congener prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ancitabine is slowly hydrolyzed into cytarabine, which is converted to the active triphosphate form and competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate for incorporation into DNA. Because the arabinose sugar sterically hinders the rotation of the molecule within DNA, DNA replication ceases, specifically during the S phase of the cell cycle. This agent also inhibits DNA and RNA polymerases, resulting in a decrease in cell growth. Compared to cytarabine, a more prolonged, consistent cytarabine-mediated therapeutic effect may be achieved with ancitabine because of the slow hydrolytic conversion of ancitabine to cytarabine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANCITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ancitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL406826"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"31698-14-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DO2D32W0VC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ancitabine"}]}}{"C403":{"preferredName":"Ancitabine Hydrochloride","code":"C403","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a cytarabine congener prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ancitabine is slowly hydrolyzed into cytarabine. Subsequently, cytarabine is converted to the triphosphate form within the cell and then competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA. Because the arabinose sugar sterically hinders the rotation of the molecule within DNA, DNA replication ceases, specifically during the S phase of the cell cycle. Cytarabine agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, resulting in a decrease in DNA replication and repair. Compared to cytarabine, a more prolonged, consistent cytarabine-mediated therapeutic effect may be achieved with ancitabine because of the slow hydrolytic conversion of ancitabine to cytarabine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6H-furo(2',3':4,5)oxazolo(3,2-a)pyrimidine-2-methanol,2,3,3a,9a-tetrahydro-3-hydroxy-6-imino-,(2R(2alpha,3beta,3a beta,9a beta))","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ancid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ancitabine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ancitabine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ancytabine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CycloCMP Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CycloCMP hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cyclocytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cyclocytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclocytidine HCL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclocytidine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclocytidine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"U-33, 624A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"145668"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010557"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10212-25-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3T6920M469"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39199"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39199"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11N3O4.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ancitabine_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C98290":{"preferredName":"Androgen Antagonist APC-100","code":"C98290","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, vitamin E derivative and androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential anti-oxidant, chemopreventative and antineoplastic activity. APC-100 binds to ARs in target tissues thereby inhibiting androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitating the formation of inactive complexes that cannot be translocated to the nucleus. By inhibiting the formation of the complex between androgen activated AR- and the AP1 transcription factor JunD, the expression of androgen-responsive genes are blocked. One of such gene is spermidine/spermine N1-acetyl transferase gene (SSAT) that is responsible for the breakdown of polyamines, which are produced in high levels by prostatic epithelial cells, into reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause cellular damage. APC-100 may ultimately lead to an inhibition of growth in both AR-dependent and AR-independent prostate tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APC-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Antagonist APC-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Androgen Antagonist APC-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432408"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712831"}]}}{"C148520":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist BAY 1161116","code":"C148520","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR antagonist BAY 1161116 specifically binds to AR, inhibits AR activation, and prevents AR-mediated signaling. This inhibits cell growth in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in prostate cancers and is involved in proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR Antagonist BAY 1161116","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist BAY 1161116","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1161116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1161116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1161116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551148"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792679"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792679"}]}}{"C126335":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist SHR3680","code":"C126335","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SHR3680 competitively binds to AR in target tissues, which both prevents androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitates the formation of inactive complexes that cannot be translocated to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes, inhibits the expression of genes that regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation, and may lead to an inhibition of cell growth of AR-expressing tumor cells. ARs are overexpressed in prostate cancer and play a key role in prostate cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist SHR3680","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 3680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR3680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504901"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779621"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779621"}]}}{"C137818":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist TAS3681","code":"C137818","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the androgen receptor (AR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR inhibitor TAS3681 specifically binds to AR. This prevents AR activation, downregulates AR and prevents AR-mediated signaling. This inhibits cell growth in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in prostate cancers and is involved in proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR Antagonist TAS3681","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist TAS3681","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Inhibitor TAS3681","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS 3681","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS3681","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524893"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789958"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789958"}]}}{"C131874":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist TRC253","code":"C131874","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR antagonist TRC253 specifically binds to both wild-type and certain mutant forms of AR, thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitating the formation of inactive complexes that cannot translocate to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes, inhibits the expression of genes that regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation, and may lead to an inhibition of growth of tumor cells in which AR is overexpressed and/or mutated. AR is often overexpressed and/or mutated in prostate cancers and plays a key role in proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR Antagonist TRC253","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist TRC253","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist TRC253","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 63576253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-63576253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ63576253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC 253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC-253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520350"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786539"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786539"}]}}{"C116326":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD5312","code":"C116326","definitions":[{"description":"An antisense oligonucleotide targeting the androgen receptor (AR) mRNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, AZD5312 hybridizes with AR mRNA, which blocks translation of the AR protein. This both inhibits AR-induced tumor cell growth and promotes apoptosis in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in certain breast and prostate cancers and is involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD-5312","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AZD5312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD5312","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD5312","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS-ARRx","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS-AZ1Rx","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473660"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3S31QX1Q6J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761561"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761561"}]}}{"C96742":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-4176","code":"C96742","definitions":[{"description":"A locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based antisense oligonucleotide targeting the androgen receptor (AR) mRNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, EZN-4176 is hybridized and releases the complementary sequences of AR mRNA, thereby blocking translation of the AR protein and inhibiting AR-induced tumor cell growth and promoting tumor cell apoptosis in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in certain breast and prostate cancers and is involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. LNAs contain a methylene bridge linking 2'-oxygen and 4'-carbon of ribose sugar rings, thereby increasing their thermal stability and decreasing degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-4176","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EZN-4176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273001"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699628"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699628"}]}}{"C160788":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Degrader ARV-110","code":"C160788","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective androgen receptor (AR)-targeted protein degrader, using the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, with potential antineoplastic activity. ARV-110 is composed of an AR ligand attached to an E3 ligase recognition moiety. Upon oral administration, ARV-110 targets and binds to the AR ligand binding domain. E3 ligase is recruited to the AR by the E3 ligase recognition moiety and the AR target protein is tagged by ubiquitin. This causes ubiquitination and degradation of AR by the proteasome. This prevents the expression of AR target genes and halts AR-mediated signaling. This results in an inhibition of proliferation in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, the degradation of the AR protein releases the ARV-110 is released and can bind to additional AR target proteins. AR plays a key role in the proliferation of castration-resistant prostate cancer cells (CRPC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR PROTAC ARV-110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AR-targeted PROTAC Protein Degrader ARV-110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARV 110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARV-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARV110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Degrader ARV-110","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Degrader ARV-110","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor PROTAC Degrader ARV-110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROTAC Degrader ARV-110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798419"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798419"}]}}{"C116726":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Downregulator AZD3514","code":"C116726","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective androgen receptor (AR) downregulator (SARD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AZD3514 binds to the AR ligand binding domain and inhibits the binding of androgen, thereby preventing androgen-dependent AR signaling. AZD3514 also causes downregulation of AR expression, which further prevents AR-mediated signaling. This results in an inhibition of proliferation in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR plays a key role in the proliferation of castration-resistant prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD3514","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Downregulator AZD3514","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Downregulator AZD3514","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARD AZD3514","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3712375"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682100"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682100"}]}}{"C121777":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Ligand-binding Domain-encoding Plasmid DNA Vaccine MVI-118","code":"C121777","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing pTVG4 plasmid DNA encoding the human androgen receptor (AR) ligand-binding domain (LBD) (pTVG-AR), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of AR LBD-encoding plasmid DNA vaccine MVI-118, the plasmid DNA vaccine expresses AR LBD and may stimulate the host immune system to generate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against AR LBD-expressing prostate cancer cells. This reduces proliferation of AR-expressing tumor cells. AR, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed in prostate cancer cells, plays a key role in the development and progression of prostate cancer; its expression is correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR LBD-encoding Plasmid DNA Vaccine MVI-118","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Ligand-binding Domain-encoding Plasmid DNA Vaccine MVI-118","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVI-118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTVG-AR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTVG-AR Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053487"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771098"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771098"}]}}{"C61637":{"preferredName":"Andrographolide","code":"C61637","definitions":[{"description":"A labdane diterpenoid that is produced by the Andrographis paniculata plant, which has a broad range of therapeutic applications including anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet aggregation activities and potential antineoplastic properties. Since andrographolide has multiple therapeutic activities there are several proposed mechanisms of action for this agent. The anti-inflammatory effects of this agent appear to be related to the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production by macrophages. This agent may activate the NO/cyclic GMP pathway and inhibit both the phospholipase C gamma 2 (PLC gamma2)/protein kinase C (PKC) and PI3K/AKT-MAPK signaling pathways in activated platelets to inhibit platelet aggregation. In activated platelets, these three signaling pathways are downstream of integrin activation mediated by collagen binding and influence the association of fibrinogen with its receptors. Additionally, andrographolide may exert its anti-cancer activity through the induction of cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and the stimulation of lymphocyte proliferation and activation. These processes could result in decreased proliferation of and increased immunocytotoxicity against tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1R-(1-alpha(E(S)),4a-beta,5alpha,6alpha,8a-alpha))-3-(2-(decahydro-6-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-5,8a-dimethyl-2-methylene-1-naphthalenyl)ethylidene)dihydro-4-hydroxy-2(3H)-furanone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(3E,4S)-3-[2-[(1R,4aS,5R,6R,8aS)-6-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-5,8a-dimethyl-2-methylidene-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-1-yl]ethylidene]-4-hydroxyoxolan-2-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(3E,4S)-4-hydroxy-3-{2-[(1R,4aS,5R,6R,8aS)-6-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-5,8a-dimethyl-2-methylidenedecahydronaphthalen-1-yl]ethylidene}dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2(3H)-Furanone, 3-(2-(decahydro-6-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-5,8a-dimethyl-2-methylene-1-naphthalenyl)ethylidene)dihydro-4-hydroxy-, (1R-(1-alpha(E(S*)),4a-beta,5-alpha,6-alpha,8a-alpha))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-(2-(decahydro-6-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-5,8a-dimethyl-2-methylenenaphthyl)ethylidene)dihydro-4-hydroxyfuran-2(3H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3alpha,14,15,18-tetrahydroxy-5b,9bH,10a-labda-8(20),12-dien-16-oic acid gamma-Lactone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANDROGRAPHOLIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Andrographis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Andrographolide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0051821"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5508-58-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"410105JHGR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755596"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755596"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H30O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Andrographolide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:65408"}]}}{"C78831":{"preferredName":"Androstane Steroid HE3235","code":"C78831","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable adrenal steroid analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Androstane steroid HE3235 appears to bind the androgen receptor (AR), down-regulating anti-apoptotic genes, such as Bcl-2, while increasing the expression of pro-apoptotic genes, such as caspases. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that this agent inhibits androstenediol-dependent LNCaP cell tumor growth. In addition, HE3235 may potentiate chemotherapeutic agents by down-regulating ABCG2, the gene encoding the multi-drug resistant (MDR) protein MDR2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17Alpha-ethynyl-5alpha-androstane-3alpha, 17Beta-diol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APOPTONE","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androstane Steroid HE3235","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Androstane Steroid HE3235","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HE3235","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2715313"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601983"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601983"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Adrenal_Steroid_Analogue_HE3235"}]}}{"C98293":{"preferredName":"Anetumab Ravtansine","code":"C98293","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin and conjugated to the maytansinoid DM4 with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of anetumab ravtansine targets and binds to the tumor associated antigen mesothelin; upon internalization, the DM4 moiety binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in inhibition of cell division and cell growth of mesothelin-expressing tumor cells. Mesothelin is overexpressed on all mesotheliomas as well as many ovarian and pancreatic cancers while minimally expressed on normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANETUMAB RAVTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anetumab Ravtansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anetumab Ravtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 94-9343","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4045305"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1375258-01-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M170940PMI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712853"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712853"}]}}{"C88301":{"preferredName":"Ang2/VEGF-Binding Peptides-Antibody Fusion Protein CVX-241","code":"C88301","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein containing angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) derived peptides covalently attached, via a proprietary diketone linker, to a proprietary humanized catalytic aldolase monoclonal antibody, with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. The Ang2/VEGF peptide moieties of Ang2/VEGF-binding peptides-antibody fusion protein CVX-241 bind to Ang2 and VEGF receptors, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. The proprietary humanized catalytic IgG1 monoclonal aldolase antibody contains reactive lysine residues in its binding sites, which react covalently with compounds having a diketone function; the Ang2 and VEGFR peptide moieties are then covalently attached to the diketone linkers via a proprietary spacer. Both VEGF and Ang2 are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and play a crucial role in angiogenesis. This agent possesses an enhanced half-life compared to the naked peptides.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ang2/VEGF-Binding Peptides-Antibody Fusion Protein CVX-241","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ang2/VEGF-Binding Peptides-Antibody Fusion Protein CVX-241","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVX-241","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-05057459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413555"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659158"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659158"}]}}{"C71539":{"preferredName":"Ofranergene Obadenovec","code":"C71539","definitions":[{"description":"A non-replicating adenovirus 5 (Ad-5, El-deleted) encoding a human Fas-chimera (Fas-c) transgene under the control of a modified murine pre-proendothelin-1 (PPE-1) promoter, with potential anti-angiogenic activity. Upon the administration of ofranergene obadenovec, the modified murine PPE-1 promoter is specifically activated in PPE-1-expressing angiogenic endothelial cells residing in the tumor microvasculature. Subsequently, the Fas-c pro-apoptotic transgene, containing the human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 (TNFR-1/p55) and the signaling domain of Fas, is expressed in angiogenic endothelial cells. Fas-mediated apoptosis is activated via binding of the TNFR-1 receptor with TNF-alpha, which is more abundant in the tumor microenvironment (TME), enhancing specificity and limiting systemic toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GT-111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OFRANERGENE OBADENOVEC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ofranergene Obadenovec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ofranergene Obadenovec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VB-111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL378317"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433738"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1476737-24-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5Q5PRH05GI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580988"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580988"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"GT-111"}]}}{"C82413":{"preferredName":"Angiogenesis Inhibitor JI-101","code":"C82413","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRb), and the ephrin B4 receptor B4 (EphB4) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Angiogenesis inhibitor JI-101 binds to and inhibits VEGFR2, PDGFRb and EphB4, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and, so, cellular proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing VEGFR2, PDGFRb and EphB4. The receptor tyrosine kinases VEGFR2, PDGFRb and EphB4 may be overexpressed in a number of different cancer cell types and may play crucial roles in tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiogenesis Inhibitor JI-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Angiogenesis Inhibitor JI-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JI-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830086"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637113"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637113"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oral_Angiogenesis_Inhibitor_JI-101"}]}}{"C95202":{"preferredName":"Pixatimod","code":"C95202","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic heparan sulfate mimetic with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activity. Pixatimod inhibits the cleavage of heparan sulfate from cell surface proteoglycan by heparanase and thus inhibits the neovascularization induced by interaction between heparan sulfate and other extracellular matrix proteins. In this manner, this agent may have the potential to slow the progression of growth of solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PG545","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIXATIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pixatimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426692"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1144617-49-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"66QR34C83N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690742"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690742"}]}}{"C116625":{"preferredName":"Angiopoietin-2-specific Fusion Protein PF-04856884","code":"C116625","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody fused to two peptides that bind to angiopoietin 2 (Ang2; ANGPT2), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, Ang2-targeting PF-04856884 CovX body specifically binds to Ang2 and prevents the binding of Ang2 to its receptor Tie2 expressed on endothelial cells. This inhibits Tie2-mediated signaling, prevents angiogenesis and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. Ang2, a proangiogenic cytokine and ligand for the Tie2 receptor, plays a key role in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation; its expression is upregulated by tumor endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiopoietin-2-specific Fusion Protein PF-04856884","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Angiopoietin-2-specific Fusion Protein PF-04856884","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVX-060","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04856884","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433732"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687982"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687982"}]}}{"C2526":{"preferredName":"Anhydrovinblastine","code":"C2526","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of the vinca alkaloid vinblastine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Like vinblastine, anhydrovinblastine targets and binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and causing tumor cell cycle arrest in the M phase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVLB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anhydrovinblastine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anhydrovinblastine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796616"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43460"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43460"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anhydrovinblastine"}]}}{"C249":{"preferredName":"Aniline Mustard","code":"C249","definitions":[{"description":"An alkylating mustard with antineoplastic activity. Aniline mustard forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers, resulting in depurination, base miscoding and strand scission, and crosslinking of DNA strands, all of which contribute to its cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":".beta.,.beta.'-Dichlorodiethylaniline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"A 14489","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"A 14489","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aniline Mustard","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aniline mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Benzenamine, N, N-bis(2-chloroethyl)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Benzenamine, N, N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB 1074","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CB 1074","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphochin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lymphochin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lymphocin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoquin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lymphoquin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesylerythrol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N, N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)aniline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)aniline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)benzenamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenylbis(2-chloroethylamine)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SK 592","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SK 592","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL 476","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TL 476","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta, beta'-dichlorodiethylaniline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mesylerythrol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"phenylbis[2-chloroethylamine]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"18429"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1142666"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"553-27-5"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39146"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39146"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aniline_Mustard"}]}}{"C106428":{"preferredName":"Anlotinib Hydrochloride","code":"C106428","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of anlotinib, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, anlotininib targets multiple RTKs, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2) and type 3 (VEGFR3). This agent may both inhibit angiogenesis and halt tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-((4-((4-Fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)oxy)-6-methoxy-7-quinolyl)oxymethyl)cyclopropanamine, Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALTN HCl","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANLOTINIB DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anlotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anlotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclopropanamine, 1-(((4-((4-Fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)oxy)-6-methoxy-7-quinolinyl)oxy)methyl)-, Hydrochloride (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447782"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1360460-82-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A3749M6582"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749736"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749736"}]}}{"C2632":{"preferredName":"Annamycin","code":"C2632","definitions":[{"description":"A lipophilic, anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic. Annamycin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as inhibiting RNA and protein synthesis. This agent appears to not be a substrate for the p-glycoprotein associated multidrug-resistance (MDR) transporter; therefore, overcoming the resistance pattern seen with other anthracycline compounds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2'-iodo-3'-hydroxy-4'-epi-4-demethoxydoxorubicin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,12-naphthacenedione, 7-((2,6-dideoxy-2-iodo-alpha-l-mannopyranosyl)oxy)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxyacetyl)-, (7S-cis)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANNAMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Annamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"annamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0214529"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"92689-49-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SNU299M83Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H25IO11"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Annamycin"}]}}{"C25838":{"preferredName":"Annamycin Liposomal","code":"C25838","definitions":[{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated form of the semi-synthetic doxorubicin analogue annamycin with antineoplastic activity. Annamycin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent circumvents multidrug-resistance (MDR) transporters, including P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Liposomal annamycin is less toxic and shows improved antitumor activity compared to annamycin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Annamycin Liposomal","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Annamycin Liposomal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"700363"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935796"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38230"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38230"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Annamycin_Liposomal"}]}}{"C118972":{"preferredName":"Annonaceous Acetogenins","code":"C118972","definitions":[{"description":"A family of naturally occurring polyketides that consist of C32 or C34 long chain fatty acids and combined with a propan-2-ol unit at C-2 to form a gamma-lactone, which are isolated from various species of the plant family Annonaceae, with potential antineoplastic and antimicrobial activity. Annonaceous acetogenins bind to the ubiquinone catalytic site(s) within the mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I), and block the electron transport chain in mitochondria. In addition, the acetogenins bind to and block the activity of ubiquinone-linked NADH oxidase, an enzyme overexpressed in the plasma membranes of cancer cells. This inhibits adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, decreases intracellular ATP levels, and induces tumor cell apoptosis. Compared to normal cells, cancer cells have higher ATP demands. The Annonaceous acetogenins also inhibit microbial glucose dehydrogenase 6.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acetogenins","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Annonaceous Acetogenins","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1955902"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766482"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766482"}]}}{"C97710":{"preferredName":"Ansamitomicin P-3","code":"C97710","definitions":[{"description":"An ansamacrolide and maytansine analogue originally isolated from the Ethiopian shrub Maytenus serrata with antineoplastic activity. Ansamitomicin P-3 binds to tubulin at the maytansine-binding site, thereby inhibiting microtubule assembly, inducing microtubule disassembly, and disrupting mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANSAMITOMICIN P-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ansamitomicin P-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maytansine, 3-o-de(2-(acetylmethylamino)-1-oxopropyl)-3-o-(1-oxobutyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0952781"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"66547-09-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7SUK7876BG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H43ClN2O9"}]}}{"C252":{"preferredName":"Anthramycin","code":"C252","definitions":[{"description":"A pyrrolo(1,4)benzodiazepine antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces refuineus var. thermotolerans. Anthramycin binds covalently to guanine in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(5,10,11,11a-tetrahydro-9,11-dihydroxy-8-methyl-5-oxo-1h-pyrrolo(2,1-c)(1,4)benzodiazepin-2-yl)-2-propenamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANTHRAMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anthramycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anthramycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003167"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4803-27-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0WZD9Y66WN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H17N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anthramycin"}]}}{"C2706":{"preferredName":"Anthrapyrazole","code":"C2706","definitions":[{"description":"An antineoplastic antibiotic that intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. Anthrapyrazoles may also block cell cycle division. In the presence of electron donors, some anthrapyrazole antibiotics cause single-strand breaks in DNA via photosensitization by visible light. These agents are less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anthra[1, 9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one, 7, 10-dihydroxy-2-[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]-5-[[2-(methylamino )ethyl]amino]-acetate (salt) hydrobromide (10:5:21)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Anthra[1, 9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one, 7, 10-dihydroxy-2-[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]-5-[[2-(methylamino )ethyl]amino]-acetate (salt) hydrobromide(10:5:21)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one, 7, 10-dihydroxy-2-[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]-5-[[2-(methylamino )ethyl]amino]-, acetate (salt) hydrobromide (10:5:21)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one, 7, 10-dihydroxy-2-[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]-5-[[2-(methylamino )ethyl]amino]-, acetate (salt) hydrobromide(10:5:21)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anthrapyrazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"355644"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0051960"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"91440-30-1"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anthrapyrazole"}]}}{"C117735":{"preferredName":"Anti c-KIT Antibody-drug Conjugate LOP628","code":"C117735","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody against the stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR) and conjugated, via a non-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent maytansine, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of anti c-KIT ADC LOP628 targets and binds to the cell surface antigen c-Kit. After antibody-antigen interaction followed by internalization, the maytansine moiety binds to tubulin, inhibits microtubule assembly, and induces microtubule disassembly. This leads to a disruption of mitosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation in cancer cells expressing c-Kit. c-Kit, a transmembrane protein and receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed in solid tumors and hematological malignancies; it plays a key role in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti c-KIT ADC LOP628","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti c-KIT Antibody-drug Conjugate LOP628","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOP628","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474131"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764075"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764075"}]}}{"C107388":{"preferredName":"Anti-5T4 Antibody-Drug Conjugate PF-06263507","code":"C107388","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate composed of an antibody directed against 5T4 and conjugated, via the stable linker maleimidocaproyl (mc), to the microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin phenylalanine (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of PF-06263507 selectively binds to cells expressing the 5T4 oncofetal antigen. After internalization and enzymatic cleavage of the immunoconjugate within the tumor cell cytosol, free MMAF binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. 5T4, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types; its expression is correlated with increased invasiveness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-5T4 Antibody-Drug Conjugate PF-06263507","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-5T4 Antibody-Drug Conjugate PF-06263507","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06263507","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PF-06263507","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL449599"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V7U0JSO7FH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751006"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751006"}]}}{"C90583":{"preferredName":"Anti-A33 Monoclonal Antibody KRN330","code":"C90583","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the human A33 antigen, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activity. Anti-A33 monoclonal antibody KRN330 recognizes and binds to the human A33 antigen, which may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against A33-positive colorectal cancers. A33 antigen, a 43 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is highly and homogenously expressed in 95% of colorectal cancer cancers with only restricted expression in normal colonic mucosa and small bowel epithelia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-A33 Monoclonal Antibody KRN330","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-A33 Monoclonal Antibody KRN330","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRN330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983782"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"584603"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"584603"}]}}{"C85478":{"preferredName":"Anti-A5B1 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody PF-04605412","code":"C85478","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the human alpha5beta1 integrin with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-alpha5beta1 integrin monoclonal antibody PF-04605412 selectively binds to alpha5beta1 integrin, preventing the binding of integrin ligands. This may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and integrin-mediated tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in alpha5beta1-expressing tumor cells. Alpha5beta1 integrin, a cell adhesion and signaling receptor, is often overexpressed on the surface of tumor vessel endothelial cells and plays a crucial role in endothelial cell adhesion and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-A5B1 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody PF-04605412","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-A5B1 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody PF-04605412","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-alpha5beta1 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody PF-04605412","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04605412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830142"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647821"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647821"}]}}{"C129715":{"preferredName":"Anti-ACTR/4-1BB/CD3zeta-Viral Vector-transduced Autologous T-Lymphocytes ACTR087","code":"C129715","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified and transfected with a viral vector expressing the ACTR gene, a proprietary gene encoding for an antibody-coupled T-cell receptor (ATCR), with potential antineoplastic activity. The ACTR contains the extracellular Fc receptor CD16 domain, normally found on certain immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, coupled to the co-immunostimulatory signaling domain 4-1BB, normally expressed on T-cells, and linked to the intracellular CD3 zeta domain (CD3z), which is needed for TCR signaling. Upon reintroduction into the patient and co-administration of a cancer-specific antibody, the co-administered antibody targets and binds to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on the tumor cell. In turn, this induces the activation of the ACTR087 cells and destruction of the tumor cells by a) releasing cytotoxins that directly kill cancer cells; b) releasing cytokines that trigger an immune response and recruit other immune-mediated killer cells to kill the tumor cells; b) targeting and killing adjacent tumor cells that are not bound to the antibody; c) inducing T-cell proliferation and thereby further enhancing the T-cell mediated tumor cell attack. CD3 zeta is one of several membrane-bound polypeptides found in the TCR/CD3 complex; it enhances the survival and persistence of T-lymphocytes. The 4-1BB co-stimulatory molecule signaling domain enhances activation and signaling after recognition of the TAA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTR-087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACTR087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ACTR Viral Vector-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes ACTR087","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ACTR/4-1BB/CD3zeta-Viral Vector-transduced Autologous T-Lymphocytes ACTR087","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ACTR/4-1BB/CD3zeta-Viral Vector-transduced Autologous T-Lymphocytes ACTR087","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD16-41BB-CD3zeta ACTR Autologous T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Virally-delivered Antibody-coupled TCR ACTR087","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512898"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784523"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784523"}]}}{"C133818":{"preferredName":"Anti-AG7 Antibody Drug Conjugate AbGn-107","code":"C133818","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody that targets the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) AG7 and is linked, through a hydrophilic, self-immolative linker, to a proprietary cytotoxic payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of AbGn-107 the antibody moiety targets and binds to the AG7 antigen expressed on a variety of cancer cells. Upon binding and internalization, the linker is cleaved and the payload is released, binds to tubulin, inhibits tubulin polymerization and kills the AG7-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC AbGn-107","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ab1-18Hr1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AbGn-107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AbGn107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AG7 ADC AbGn-107","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AG7 Antibody Drug Conjugate AbGn-107","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-AG7 Antibody Drug Conjugate AbGn-107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521740"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789018"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789018"}]}}{"C82685":{"preferredName":"Anti-AGS-16 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-16M18","code":"C82685","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the activator of g-proteins signaling (AGS) cell surface protein AGS-16 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-AGS-16 monoclonal antibody AGS-16M18 selectively binds to AGS-16, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis (CDCL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in tumor cells expressing AGS-16. While normally expressed at low levels in the proximal tubules of the kidney, AGS-16 has been found to be overexpressed in more than 95% of kidney and 40% of liver neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS-16M18","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AGS-16 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-16M18","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-AGS-16 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-16M18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388472"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633313"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633313"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-AGS-16_Monoclonal_Antibody_AGS-16M18"}]}}{"C92590":{"preferredName":"Anti-AGS-5 Antibody-Drug Conjugate ASG-5ME","code":"C92590","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) containing the fully human IgG2k monoclonal antibody targeting an epitope of SLC44A4 (AGS-5) linked, via a valine-citrulline (vc) maleimidocaproyl (mc) linker, to the antimicrotubulin drug monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of ASG-5ME selectively binds to AGS-5. After internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. SLC44A4, potentially a sodium-dependent transmembrane transport protein, is overexpressed on more than 80 percent of samples derived from patients with pancreatic, prostate and gastric cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASG-5ME","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AGS-5 Antibody-Drug Conjugate ASG-5ME","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-AGS-5 Antibody-Drug Conjugate ASG-5ME","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421670"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682506"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682506"}]}}{"C82686":{"preferredName":"Anti-AGS-8 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-8M4","code":"C82686","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the activator of g-proteins signaling (AGS) cell surface protein AGS-8 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-AGS-8 monoclonal antibody AGS-8M4 selectively binds to AGS-8, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing AGS-8. While normally expressed at low levels in the heart in response to ischemia, AGS-8 has been found to be expressed in more than 70% of ovarian neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS-8M4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AGS-8 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-8M4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-AGS-8 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-8M4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388473"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633505"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633505"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-AGS-8_Monoclonal_Antibody_AGS-8M4"}]}}{"C95704":{"preferredName":"Anti-ANG2 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-3617","code":"C95704","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody against angiopoietin 2 (ANG2), with potential antiangiogenic activity. Anti-ANG2 monoclonal antibody MEDI-3617 binds to Ang2 and interferes with the interaction between Ang2 and its receptor TEK tyrosine kinase (Tie2), thereby resulting in the disruption of vascular remodeling. This may inhibit angiogenesis and may eventually lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ANG2 MoAb MEDI-3617","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ANG2 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-3617","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ANG2 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-3617","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-3617","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428170"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690474"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690474"}]}}{"C142822":{"preferredName":"Anti-APRIL Monoclonal Antibody BION-1301","code":"C142822","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13; TNFSF13), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint inhibitory activities. Following administration, anti-APRIL monoclonal antibody BION-1301 binds to APRIL and inhibits its binding to both of its receptors, B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and transmembrane activator and CAML Interactor (TACI; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13B; TNFRSF13B). This inhibits the activation of both BCMA and TACI, and their downstream signaling pathways, which prevents tumor growth, tumor cell adhesion to bone marrow cells and immune suppression. Additionally, BION-1301 may reduce APRIL-induced drug resistance which occurs in some tumors. APRIL, an extracellular protein and member of the tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily (TNFSF), is expressed by bone marrow plasma cells and myeloid cells, and overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and colorectal carcinoma. APRIL induces immune suppression and tumor progression through the activation of BCMA- and TACI-dependent signaling pathways.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-A PRoliferation-Inducing Ligand Monoclonal Antibody BION-1301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-APRIL Monoclonal Antibody BION-1301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-APRIL Monoclonal Antibody BION-1301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TNFSF13 Monoclonal Antibody BION-1301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BION-1301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540711"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791698"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791698"}]}}{"C156017":{"preferredName":"Anti-AXL Fusion Protein AVB-S6-500","code":"C156017","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble fusion protein comprised of the extracellular domain of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) AXL (UFO) fused to a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, AXL Fc fusion protein AVB-S6-500 selectively binds to growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS6), the endogenous ligand for AXL. This may inhibit GAS6/AXL-mediated signaling, which plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis, as well as immune evasion and resistance to other anticancer agents. AXL, a member of the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of RTKs, is overexpressed by many tumor cell types and its expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVB S6 500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVB-S6-500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVBS6500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AXL Fc Fusion Protein AVB-S6-500","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AXL Fusion Protein AVB-S6-500","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-AXL Fusion Protein AVB-S6-500","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562760"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795349"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795349"}]}}{"C160890":{"preferredName":"Anti-AXL/PBD Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-601","code":"C160890","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), consisting of a humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL; UFO) that is site-specifically conjugated to PL1601, which contains a valine-alanine cleavable linker and SG3199, a cytotoxic pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of anti-AXL/PBD antibody-drug conjugate ADCT-60 binds to AXL, which is expressed on the surfaces of a variety of cancer cell types. Upon endocytosis and enzymatic cleavage, free PBD is released and forms highly cytotoxic DNA interstrand cross-links, thereby blocking cell division and killing AXL-expressing cancer cells. AXL, a member of the TAM (TYRO3, AXL and MER) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed by many tumor cell types, and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis; its expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ADCT-601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT 601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT-601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AXL/PBD ADC ADCT-601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AXL/PBD Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-601","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB 601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798273"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798273"}]}}{"C122924":{"preferredName":"Anti-B7-H3 Antibody DS-5573a","code":"C122924","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody directed against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-B7-H3 antibody DS-5573a binds to the cell surface antigen B7-H3, thereby blocking B7-H3-mediated signaling. This abrogates the inhibitory effect on T-cell activation and may activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. B7-H3, a type I transmembrane protein and a member of the B7 co-stimulatory protein superfamily, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types and on various immune cells. It is a negative regulator of the T-cell activation and its overexpression plays a key role in tumor cell invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-B7-H3 Antibody DS-5573a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-5573a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474104"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763154"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763154"}]}}{"C155967":{"preferredName":"Anti-B7-H4 Monoclonal Antibody FPA150","code":"C155967","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human, glycoengineered monoclonal antibody targeting B7-H4 (V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1) with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint inhibitory activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-B7-H4 monoclonal antibody FPA150 binds to B7-H4 on the surface of tumor cells, thereby preventing B7-H4 binding to T-cells and abrogating the B7-H4-mediated negative regulation of T-cell activation. This increases a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against B7-H4-expressing tumor cells. In addition, the afucosylated Fc region of the anti-B7-H4 monoclonal antibody FPA150 enhances its binding affinity for human FcgammaRIIIa receptors (CD16) on natural killer (NK) cells, resulting in enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against B7-H4-expressing tumor cells. B7-H4, a member of the B7 family of immune modulators, is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and negatively regulates T-cell immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-B7-H4 Monoclonal Antibody FPA150","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-B7-H4 Monoclonal Antibody FPA150","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPA 150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPA-150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPA150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562720"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795341"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795341"}]}}{"C159495":{"preferredName":"Anti-B7H3 Antibody-drug Conjugate MGC018","code":"C159495","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of an anti-B7-homolog 3 (B7-H3, CD276) humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)/kappa monoclonal antibody conjugated through reduced interchain disulfides to the cleavable linker-duocarmycin payload, valine-citrulline-seco DUocarmycin hydroxyBenzamide Azaindole (vc-seco-DUBA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of anti-B7-H3 ADC MGC018 specifically targets and binds to the cell surface antigen B7-H3, leading to internalization of the ADC by the tumor cell. The linker is cleaved inside the tumor cell by proteases at the dipeptide valine-citrulline (vc), thereby releasing the duocarmycin payload. Duocarmycin binds to the minor groove of DNA, alkylates adenine at the N3 position, and induces cell death. B7-H3, a type I transmembrane protein and a member of the B7 co-stimulatory protein superfamily, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types and on various immune cells but is minimally expressed by normal human tissues. B7-H3 is a negative regulator of T-cell activation and its overexpression plays a key role in immuno-evasion, tumor cell invasion and metastasis, and its expression is correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-B7H3 ADC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-B7H3 Antibody-drug Conjugate MGC018","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG-C018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGC 018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGC018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797520"}]}}{"C148176":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody SEA-BCMA","code":"C148176","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, afucosylated monoclonal antibody created using the proprietary, sugar-engineered antibody (SEA) platform and directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), with potential immunoadjuvant activity. Upon administration, the anti-BCMA antibody SEA-BCMA targets and binds to BCMA expressed on tumor cells. When administered with antibody-coupled T-cell receptor (ACTR)-expressing T-cells, the ACTR-expressing T-cells bind, with high affinity, to the anti-BCMA antibody SEA-BCMA. This activates the ACTR T-cells and the T-cells induce specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated cytotoxicity toward BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a cell surface protein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA Afucosylated Monoclonal Antibody SEA-BCMA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody SEA-BCMA","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody SEA-BCMA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEA-BCMA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550772"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793894"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793894"}]}}{"C162528":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate AMG 224","code":"C162528","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of an anti-human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody conjugated via the noncleavable linker 4-(N-maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylate (MCC), to the cytotoxic maytansine-derivative, DM1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of AMG 224 selectively binds to BCMA expressed on the surface of tumor cells. Upon internalization, the DM1 moiety binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics and inhibiting both cell division and proliferation of tumor cells that express BCMA. BCMA, a receptor for a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily (TNFRSF)and plays a key role in plasma cell survival; it is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate AMG 224","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[]}}{"C114299":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate GSK2857916","code":"C114299","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an afucosylated, humanized monoclonal antibody, directed against the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), conjugated to the auristatin analogue and microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin phenylalanine (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-BCMA antibody moiety of anti-BCMA ADC GSK2857916 selectively binds to the BCMA on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internalization, the MMAF moiety binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and induces tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, GSK2857916 induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Altogether, this results in the inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress BCMA. BCMA, a receptor for a proliferation-inducing ligand and B-cell activating factor, is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily and plays a key role in plasma survival; it is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. Afucosylation of the antibody moiety increases ADCC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA ADC GSK2857916","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate GSK2857916","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate GSK2857916","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2857916","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"J6M0-mcMMAF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471808"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758317"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758317"}]}}{"C159652":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 420","code":"C159652","definitions":[{"description":"A short half-life bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 420, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA found on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 420","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-420","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG420","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA x Anti-CD3 BiTE AMG 420","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 420","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 420","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 420","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 836909","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-836909","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI836909","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 420","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 420","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C147028":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 701","code":"C147028","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 701, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA found on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA x Anti-CD3 BiTE AMG 701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 701","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545027"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792377"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792377"}]}}{"C158504":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody REGN5458","code":"C158504","definitions":[{"description":"A human bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFvs): one directed again the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and another directed against the CD3 antigen expressed on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-BCMA/anti-CD3 BiTE REGN5458 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, leading to CTL-mediated killing of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA x Anti-CD3 BiTE REGN5458","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody REGN5458","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody REGN5458","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody REGN5458","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific BCMA x CD3 T-cell Engaging Antibody REGN5458","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 5458","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-5458","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN5458","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938057"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797141"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797141"}]}}{"C150127":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA/PBD ADC MEDI2228","code":"C150127","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a fully human monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA, TNFRSF17) that is site-specifically conjugated, via a protease-cleavable linker, to a cytotoxic, DNA minor groove crosslinking agent and pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-BCMA/PBD ADC MEDI2228, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen BCMA expressed on certain cancer cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization and lysosome-mediated cleavage, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. In turn, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of BCMA-overexpressing tumor cells. BCMA, a receptor for a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13; TNFSF13), and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily and plays a key role in plasma survival; it is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC MEDI2228","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA ADC MEDI2228","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/PBD ADC MEDI2228","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/PBD ADC MEDI2228","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/PBD MEDI2228","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI2228","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 2228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-2228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI2228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551921"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795378"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795378"}]}}{"C119619":{"preferredName":"Anti-C-met Monoclonal Antibody SAIT301","code":"C119619","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the alpha chain of the extracellular domain of human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-c-Met monoclonal antibody SAIT301 binds to c-Met, thereby preventing both binding of its ligand, HGF, and the subsequent activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. In addition, SAIT301 induces c-MET internalization and subsequent degradation, which further inhibits c-Met-mediated signaling. This leads to a reduction in the proliferation of c-Met-expressing cancer cells. c-Met, a proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in certain cancer cell types, is involved in various tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-C-met Monoclonal Antibody SAIT301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAIT301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896772"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766799"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766799"}]}}{"C116070":{"preferredName":"Lupartumab Amadotin","code":"C116070","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody against a structural homolog of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and tumor-associated antigen, C4.4a, and conjugated with a cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, lupartumab amadotin targets and binds to C4.4a-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding and cell entry, the cytotoxic agent kills the tumor cell. C4.4a, a glycolipid-anchored membrane protein and a member of the Ly-6 family, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types whereas it is minimally expressed on healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY112-9980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1129980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUPARTUMAB AMADOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lupartumab Amadotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473489"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1640972-00-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"21970JMA97"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761118"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761118"}]}}{"C163020":{"preferredName":"Anti-C5aR Monoclonal Antibody IPH5401","code":"C163020","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody targeting the C5a receptor (C5aR), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, the anti-C5aR monoclonal antibody IPH5401 specifically targets, binds to and blocks C5aR expressed on subsets of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and neutrophils. This prevents the binding of its ligand C5a to C5aR and prevents the C5aR-mediated activation and accumulation of these cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and abrogates the secretion of inflammatory and angiogenic factors by these cells. This results in the activation of T- and natural killer (NK) cells, the induction of anti-tumor immune responses and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. C5a, a factor in the complement cascade, is often overexpressed in tumors, where it attracts and activates MDSCs and neutrophils in the TME.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-C5aR Monoclonal Antibody IPH5401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-C5aR-215","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH 5401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH-5401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH5401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NN 8210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798695"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798695"}]}}{"C125900":{"preferredName":"Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","code":"C125900","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody against the carbohydrate antigen sialyl-Lewis A (carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA19-9), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, monoclonal antibody 5B1 binds to CA19-9 and kills CA19-9-expressing tumor cells, possibly through the induction of both complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). CA19-9 is overexpressed on a number of different tumor cell types, and plays a key role in tumor cell survival and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5B1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMab 5B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMab-5B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVT-5873","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504549"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778807"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778807"}]}}{"C95764":{"preferredName":"Anti-CA6-DM4 Immunoconjugate SAR566658","code":"C95764","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated sialoglycotope CA6 (huDS6) conjugated to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4, with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-CA6 monoclonal antibody moiety of SAR566658 targets and binds to the cell surface antigen CA6. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases DM4, which binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in inhibition of cell division and cell growth of CA6-expressing tumor cells. The CA6 epitope is found on a variety of solid tumors, including breast, ovarian, cervical, lung and pancreatic tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CA6-DM4 Immunoconjugate SAR566658","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-566658","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SAR-566658","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR566658","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huDs6-DM4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421654"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UFB8CT84JS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681584"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681584"}]}}{"C121231":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD122 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Mik-Beta-1","code":"C121231","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized version of the immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody Mik-Beta-1 (Hu-Mik-Beta-1) directed against CD122, the beta-subunit shared by the interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-15 receptor (IL-2/IL-15Rbeta). Upon intravenous infusion, Hu-Mik-Beta-1 binds to CD122 expressed on certain tumor cells. This blocks the binding of the inflammatory cytokines IL-2 and IL-15 to IL-2R and IL-15R, respectively, and prevents IL-2/IL-2R- and IL-15/IL-15R-mediated signaling. This may inhibit the proliferation of CD122-expressing tumor cells. In addition, blocking CD122 on T-lymphocytes prevents the over-activation of T-lymphocytes in various T-cell mediated autoimmune diseases, which is predominantly mediated by IL-15/IL-15R signaling. CD122, involved in both IL-2 and IL-15 signaling, is overexpressed on certain cancer cells, such as those found in T-cell large granular lymphocyte (T-LGL) leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD122 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Mik-Beta-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD122 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Mik-Beta-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu-Mik-Beta-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu-Mik-beta1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu-Mikb1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMikBeta1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Mik-beta-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055462"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C143251":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123 ADC IMGN632","code":"C143251","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a humanized anti-CD123 (interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptor alpha chain; IL3RA) immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to a cytotoxic, DNA-alkylating payload, which is an indolino-benzodiazepine dimer containing an imine moiety, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD123 ADC IMGN632, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD123. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization, and lysosome uptake, the cytotoxic moiety is released, and covalently binds to and alkylates DNA with its imine moiety. This results in cell cycle arrest in S-phase, which leads to apoptosis and inhibition of cell growth in cells overexpressing CD123. CD123, the alpha subunit of the IL-3 receptor, regulates the proliferation, survival and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. CD123 is overexpressed on a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD123 ADC IMGN632","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123 ADC IMGN632","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate IMGN632","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123-targeted ADC IMGN632","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN 632","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN-632","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN632","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541645"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792150"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792150"}]}}{"C91093":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123 Monoclonal Antibody CSL360","code":"C91093","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody against CD123 (Interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain) with potential antineoplastic activity. Derived from mouse monoclonal antibody 7G3, anti-CD123 monoclonal antibody CSL360 binds to and neutralizes CD123 which is upregulated on leukemic stem cells (LSC) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This may inhibit IL-3-dependent signalling and proliferation and may prevent the uncontrolled growth and differentiation of mutated LSC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD123 Monoclonal Antibody CSL360","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSL360","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832015"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529287"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529287"}]}}{"C123380":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123 Monoclonal Antibody KHK2823","code":"C123380","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody against CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD123 monoclonal antibody KHK2823 binds to and neutralizes CD123, which is upregulated on leukemic stem cells (LSC) found in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This agent may inhibit IL-3-dependent signaling and proliferation and may prevent the uncontrolled growth and differentiation of mutated LSC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD123 Monoclonal Antibody KHK2823","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KHK2823","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474096"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762775"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762775"}]}}{"C127120":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb1404","code":"C127120","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-CD123/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody, in which most of the naturally-occurring Fc domain is maintained, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD123/CD3 monoclonal antibody XmAb14045 possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD123, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of XmAb14045, this bispecific antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and CD123-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CD123-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated cell lysis of CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123, the interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain, is overexpressed in a variety of hematological malignancies; its expression is low or absent in normal hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells. The Fc domain on the antibody prolongs the half-life of the bispecific antibody and enhances T-cell mediated tumor cell killing through its binding to the Fc receptors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD123 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb1404","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb1404","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb1404","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb14045","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507910"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780966"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780966"}]}}{"C129457":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123-Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Dimer Antibody Drug Conjugate SGN-CD123A","code":"C129457","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an anti-CD123 humanized monoclonal antibody conjugated, via a stable maleimidocaproyl-valine-alanine dipeptide protease-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic, DNA minor-groove crosslinking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD123 ADC SGN-CD123A, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD123. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization, and lysosome uptake, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. In turn, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of CD123-overexpressing tumor cells. CD123, the alpha subunit of the IL-3 receptor, regulates the proliferation, survival and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. CD123 is overexpressed on a variety of cancers, including myeloid leukemia, and increased expression of CD123 on leukemic stem cells is associated with poor prognosis. Cysteine engineering of the monoclonal antibody (EC-mAb) allows for a site-specific, stable conjugation and uniform loading of the PBD agent to the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123 ADC SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123-PBD ADC SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123-Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Dimer Antibody Drug Conjugate SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123-Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Dimer Antibody Drug Conjugate SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN CD123A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512667"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784132"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784132"}]}}{"C160348":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 BiTE Antibody SAR440234","code":"C160348","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody comprised of a humanized Fc-silenced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) backbone and two single-chain variable fragments (scFvs): one directed against the CD3 antigen expressed on T-lymphocytes and another directed against the alpha-chain of the interleukin-3 receptor (IL-3RA; CD123), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous infusion, anti-CD123/CD3 BiTE antibody SAR440234 binds to both CD3 expressed on T-cells and CD123 expressed on tumor cells. This activates and redirects cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) to CD123-expressing tumor cells, leading to enhanced CTL-mediated elimination of CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123 is overexpressed in a variety of hematological malignancies; its expression is low or absent in normal hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 BiTE Antibody SAR440234","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 BiTE Antibody SAR440234","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody SAR440234","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123xCD3 Bispecific T-cell Engager SAR440234","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 440234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-440234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR440234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798327"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798327"}]}}{"C157257":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody APVO436","code":"C157257","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin Fc-modified bispecific monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD123 and the human T-cell surface antigen CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD123/CD3 monoclonal antibody APVO436 simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and CD123-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CD123-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in the activation and proliferation of T-cells and causes CTL-mediated cell lysis of CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123, the interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain, is overexpressed in a variety of hematological malignancies; its expression is low or absent in normal hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells. The Fc domain on the antibody prolongs the half-life of the bispecific antibody. Compared to some other CD123 x CD3 targeting bispecific antibodies, APVO436 causes less cytokine release upon T-cell stimulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APVO 436","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APVO-436","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APVO436","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody APVO436","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody APVO436","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody APVO436","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Anti-CD123 x Anti-CD3 Antibody APVO436","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123 x CD3 Targeting Bispecific Antibody APVO436","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936868"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796808"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796808"}]}}{"C128486":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63709178","code":"C128486","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized anti-CD123/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD123/CD3 bispecific antibody JNJ-63709178 possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD123, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of JNJ-63709178, this bispecific antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and CD123-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CD123-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated cell lysis of CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123, the interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers; its expression is low or absent in normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63709178","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63709178","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized CD123 x CD3 DuoBody JNJ-63709178","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-63709178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507949"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782366"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782366"}]}}{"C160715":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ADG106","code":"C160715","definitions":[{"description":"A human agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody ADG106 binds to and activates CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances CD137-mediated signaling, induces cytokine production and promotes T-cell mediated anti-tumor immune responses. CD137, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-1BB-directed Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ADG106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADG 106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADG-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADG106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-4-1BB Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ADG106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ADG106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD137-directed Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ADG106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797894"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797894"}]}}{"C162039":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody CTX-471","code":"C162039","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody CTX-471 binds to and activates CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances CD137-mediated signaling, induces cytokine production and promotes T-cell mediated anti-tumor immune responses. CD137, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-4-1BB Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody CTX-471","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody CTX-471","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody CTX-471","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTX 471","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTX-471","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTX471","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798594"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798594"}]}}{"C120317":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD157 Monoclonal Antibody MEN1112","code":"C120317","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, Fc engineered, de-fucosylated monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1 (BST1/CD157), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, anti-CD157 monoclonal antibody MEN1112 specifically binds to and induces an antibody dependent cell cytotoxic (ADCC) response against CD157-expressing tumor cells. CD157, also known as ADP-ribosyl cyclase 2, is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored transmembrane protein belonging to the ADP-ribosyl-cyclase family and is overexpressed on certain cancer cell types. Fc-optimization of MEN1112, which involves the removal of fucose residues from its Fc domain, allows for enhanced Fc-gamma receptor binding on effector cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, and further enhances tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD157 Monoclonal Antibody MEN1112","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN1112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896815"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768860"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768860"}]}}{"C134697":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD166 Probody-drug Conjugate CX-2009","code":"C134697","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC CX-2009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD166 Probody-drug Conjugate CX-2009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD166-DM4 CX-2009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-2009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDC CX-2009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522231"}]}}{"C126377":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD19B","code":"C126377","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an anti-CD19 humanized monoclonal antibody (hBU12ec) with engineered cysteines (EC-mAb) conjugated, via a maleimidocaproyl-valine-alanine dipeptide protease-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic, DNA minor-groove crosslinking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer (SGD-1882), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD19 ADC SGN-CD19B, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD19, which is found on B-cell-derived cancers. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization and lysosome uptake, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. In turn, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of CD19-overexpressing tumor cells. CD19, a transmembrane receptor belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily and a B-cell specific antigen, is expressed on B-cell-derived cancers. The cysteine engineering of the EC-mAb allows for a site-specific and stable conjugation of PBD to the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SGN-CD19B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD19B","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD19B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN CD19B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD19B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504928"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C105805":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody DI-B4","code":"C105805","definitions":[{"description":"A low-fucosylated, humanized, IgG1 isotype, monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody DI-B4 binds to CD19, which may result in a strong antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) directed at CD19-expressing B-cells but with minimal complement dependent cytotoxicity. DI-B4 contains low levels of fucose, which contributes to its enhanced ADCC activity. CD19 is a B-cell specific membrane antigen that is widely expressed during B-cell development and in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody DI-B4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DI-B4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-CD19 MoAb DI-B4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447157"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747738"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747738"}]}}{"C74003":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1342","code":"C74003","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD-19 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody MDX-1342 binds to CD19, depleting and eliminating CD19-expressing B-cells. CD19 is widely expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B-cell to early plasma cell stages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1342","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1342","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-1342","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346795"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586439"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586439"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD19_Monoclonal_Antibody_MDX-1342"}]}}{"C88283":{"preferredName":"Inebilizumab","code":"C88283","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD-19 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Inebilizumab binds to CD19, which may result in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) to CD19-expressing B-cells. The Fc portion of inebilizumab does not contain a fucose sugar moiety, which may contribute to its enhanced ADCC activity. CD19 is a membrane antigen that is widely expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B-cell to early plasma cell stages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INEBILIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inebilizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inebilizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-551","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981806"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1299440-37-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"74T7185BMM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656851"}]}}{"C95768":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb5574","code":"C95768","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc engineered, humanized anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody XmAb5574 targets and binds to CD19, thereby depleting and eliminating CD19-expressing B-cells. The modified Fc region of XmAb5574 increases binding affinity to Fc-gamma receptors of effector cells and thereby enhances antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis (ADCP). CD19 is widely expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B-cell to early plasma cell stages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb5574","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb5574","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOR208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb5574","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421662"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682091"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682091"}]}}{"C71009":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19-DM4 Immunoconjugate SAR3419","code":"C71009","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of an anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody conjugated to the maytansinoid DM4, a derivative of the cytotoxic agent maytansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD19-DM4 conjugate SAR3419 targets the cell surface antigen CD19, found on a number of B-cell-derived cancers. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases DM4, which binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in inhibition of cell division and cell growth of CD19-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19-DM4 Immunoconjugate SAR3419","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19-DM4 Immunoconjugate SAR3419","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR3419","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346794"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574048"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574048"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD19-DM4_Conjugate"}]}}{"C82375":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19/Anti-CD22 Bispecific Immunotoxin DT2219ARL","code":"C82375","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of B-cell cancer. It contains an antibody linked to a toxic substance. The antibody binds to proteins called CD19 and CD22 on the surface of B cells, and the toxic substance kills the cells. It is a type of bispecific ligand-directed toxin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An immunotoxin consisting of two scFv ligands recognizing human CD19 and CD22 linked to the first 389 amino acids of diphtheria toxin (DT), DT 390, with potential antineoplastic activity. The VH and VL regions of anti-CD22 (sFv) and anti-CD19 are reversed and linked by an aggregration stabilizing linker (ARL) consisting of a 20 amino acid segment of human muscle aldolase (hma) and an Xho1-compatible restriction site; the CDR3 region of the VH of anti-CD22 sFv is mutated to enhance its affinity. The anti-CD19 and anti CD-22 portions of the immunotoxin specifically bind to CD19 and CD22 receptors on tumor B cells. Upon internalization, DT catalyzes ADP ribosylation of elongation factor 2 (EF-2) which may result in the irreversible inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death in CD19- and CD22-expressing tumor cells. CD19 and CD22 are transmembrane proteins upregulated on malignant B cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19/Anti-CD22 Bispecific Immunotoxin DT2219ARL","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/Anti-CD22 Bispecific Immunotoxin DT2219ARL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD22 BLT DT2219ARL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DT2219ARL","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DT2219ARL immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408648"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641179"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641179"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD19_Anti-CD22_Bispecific_Immunotoxin_DT2219ARL"}]}}{"C153215":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 562","code":"C153215","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19, and another that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 562 binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD19 antigen expressed on malignant B-cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to CD19-expressing tumor cells, resulting in CTL-mediated killing of tumor cells. CD19 is a membrane antigen that is widely expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B-cell to early plasma cell stages","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 562","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-562","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG562","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 562","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 562","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 562","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 562","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD19/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 562","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554338"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794049"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794049"}]}}{"C115101":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19/CD3 Tetravalent Antibody AFM11","code":"C115101","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-CD19/anti-CD3 bispecific tetravalent antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD19/CD3 tetravalent antibody AFM11 possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD19, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of B-cells. Upon bolus infusion of AFM11, this bispecific antibody binds to CD3-expressing T-cells and CD19-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CD19-expressing tumor B-cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in a potent CTL-mediated cell lysis of CD19-expressing B-lymphocytes. CD19, a B-cell specific membrane antigen, is expressed during both B-cell development and B-cell malignant growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFM11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD3 Tetravalent Antibody AFM11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472632"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759829"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759829"}]}}{"C155899":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody B001","code":"C155899","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody B001 specifically binds to CD20 on the surfaces of B-cells. Although the exact mechanisms through which B001 exert its effects have not been elucidated, B001 may induce a B-cell directed cell-mediated immune response against CD20-expressing B-cells and/or prevent CD20-medaited signaling. This induces tumor cell apoptosis and inhibits proliferation. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein which is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and which is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody B001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562774"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794877"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794877"}]}}{"C90590":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody PRO131921","code":"C90590","definitions":[{"description":"A third-generation, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody PRO131921 specifically binds to the B cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20. This may result in the induction of a B cell-directed complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B cells leading to B cell apoptosis. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein which is exclusively expressed on B cells during most stages of B cell development and which is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody PRO131921","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody PRO131921","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRO131921","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2934873"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543157"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543157"}]}}{"C122680":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody SCT400","code":"C122680","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20, with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody SCT400 binds to the B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, which triggers an immune response against CD20-positive B-cells, leading to apoptosis. CD20, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein, is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody SCT400","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCT400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053591"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772859"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772859"}]}}{"C94206":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody TL011","code":"C94206","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody TL011 specifically binds to the B cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20 antigen (MS4A1; membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 1), thereby potentially triggering an immune response against CD20-positive B cells, leading to B cell apoptosis. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B cells during most stages of B cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody TL011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426019"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686495"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686495"}]}}{"C123915":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody-Interferon-alpha Fusion Protein IGN002","code":"C123915","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20 and fused to the recombinant cytokine, interferon-alpha (IFN-a), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody-interferon alpha fusion protein IGN002, the antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to CD20. In turn, the IFN-a moiety binds to the IFN receptor, and activates IFN-mediated signal transduction, which induces the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate anticancer effects. This results in the induction of both G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CD20-expressing tumor cells. In addition, IGN002 causes the induction of complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B-cells, which leads to B-cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CD20, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development, is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody-IFN-a Fusion Protein IGN002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody-Interferon-alpha Fusion Protein IGN002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody-Interferon-alpha Fusion Protein IGN002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGN002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498279"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775840"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775840"}]}}{"C120546":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20-engineered Toxin Body MT-3724","code":"C120546","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered toxin body (ETB) composed of the single-chain variable fragment (ScFv) from an antibody targeting CD20 that is linked to a modified form of the ribosome-inactivating alpha subunit of Shiga-like toxin 1 (Shiga-like Toxin-1 A or SLT-1A), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the ScFv moiety of anti-CD20-engineered toxin body MT-3724 targets and binds to the CD20 antigen expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization, the SLT-1A moiety is released and acts as an N-glycosidase, which binds to and cleaves an adenine nucleobase in the 28S RNA component of the 60S subunit of ribosomes and prevents ribosome activity. This inhibits protein synthesis and eventually leads to apoptosis of CD20-expressing tumor cells. CD20, a B-cell specific transmembrane protein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is expressed during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20-engineered Toxin Body MT-3724","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20-engineered Toxin Body MT-3724","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT-3724","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053580"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769207"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769207"}]}}{"C165166":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20/Anti-CD3 Bispecific IgM Antibody IGM2323","code":"C165166","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered immunoglobulin M (IgM) bispecific antibody, with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD20/CD3 bispecific IgM antibody IGM2323 contains ten high affinity binding domains for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20, and one binding domain for CD3, a T-cell surface antigen. Upon administration, IGM2323 binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. Additionally, IGM-2323 induces complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) to a greater extent than anti-CD20/anti-CD3 IgG bispecific antibodies, thereby further enhancing the killing CD20-expressing tumor cells. The extra binding units of IGM-2323 may bind cancer cells that express relatively low amounts of CD20. Also, compared to IgG format bispecific T-cell engaging antibodies, IGM2323 appears to induce less cytokine release, which may reduce the risk of cytokine release syndrome (CRS). CD20 is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20/Anti-CD3 Bispecific IgM Antibody IGM2323","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20/Anti-CD3 Bispecific IgM Antibody IGM2323","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific CD20xCD3 IgM Antibody IGM2323","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific IgM Antibody IGM2323","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGM 2323","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGM-2323","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGM2323","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IgM Pentamer IGM2323","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799710"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799710"}]}}{"C119615":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody REGN1979","code":"C119615","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific, human monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD20/CD3 monoclonal antibody REGN1979 contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, REGN1979 binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing tumor B-cells, which cross-links the T-cells to tumor cells, and may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD20-expressing tumor B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody REGN1979","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody REGN1979","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody REGN1979","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN1979","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896743"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766653"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766653"}]}}{"C130050":{"preferredName":"Plamotamab","code":"C130050","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific, Fc domain-containing, monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Plamotamab contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, plamotamab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. Inclusion of an Fc domain on the antibody prolongs the half-life of the bispecific antibody and enhances T-cell-mediated tumor cell killing because the agent is able to bind to Fc receptors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLAMOTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Plamotamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plamotamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb13676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514016"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2138442-31-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5ENX424FNF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785610"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785610"}]}}{"C156882":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD22 ADC TRPH-222","code":"C156882","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an anti-CD22 humanized monoclonal antibody site-specifically conjugated to, via formylglycine (FG) residues and a protease insensitive 4AP linker, a cytotoxic microtubule-targeting maytansinoid payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of TRPH-222 binds to B-cell-specific CD22 receptors and is rapidly internalized, thereby delivering the payload intracellularly. Upon proteolytic cleavage, the maytansinoid payload binds to tubulin, disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, inhibiting both cell division and tumor cell proliferation. CD22, a cell surface sialoglycoprotein, is expressed on mature B-cells and on most malignant B-cells. The site specific and stable conjugation to the payload allows for a higher drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR) and an enhanced therapeutic index.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD22 ADC TRPH-222","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD22 ADC TRPH-222","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD22 Antibody-drug Conjugate TRPH-222","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD22-4AP ADC TRPH-222","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAT-02-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRPH 222","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRPH-222","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRPH222","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935995"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796465"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796465"}]}}{"C104167":{"preferredName":"Pinatuzumab Vedotin","code":"C104167","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of MCDT2219A, a humanized IgG1 anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody covalently linked, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of pinatuzumab vedotin binds to B cell-specific CD22 receptors and is rapidly internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Upon proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. CD22, a cell surface glycoprotein, is expressed on mature B-cells and on most malignant B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DCDT2980S","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-Drug Conjugate DCDT2980S","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCDT2980S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PINATUZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pinatuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pinatuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641731"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1313706-14-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6KA1906BLC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686534"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686534"}]}}{"C121949":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD25-PBD Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-301","code":"C121949","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the alpha subunit of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R alpha or CD25) and conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to a synthetic, cross-linking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer that targets DNA minor grooves, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of the anti-CD25 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) ADCT-301 specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD25. This causes the internalization of ADCT-301 and the subsequent release of the cytotoxic PBD moiety. The imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces interstrand cross-links in the minor groove of DNA and inhibits DNA replication, which inhibits the proliferation of CD25-overexpressing tumor cells. CD25, a transmembrane receptor and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is expressed on certain cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ADCT-301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD25-PBD Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD25-PBD Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053683"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771992"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771992"}]}}{"C150677":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD26 Monoclonal Antibody YS110","code":"C150677","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (CD26; DPP4; DPP IV), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD26 monoclonal antibody YS110, this antibody targets and binds to CD26 expressed on tumor cells. This inhibits CD26 activity and causes internalization of CD26-YS110. This leads to cell cycle arrest, lysis and inhibition of growth in CD26-positive tumor cells. YS110 also induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) against CD26-expressing tumor cells. CD26, a 110-kDa, type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types while absent in normal, healthy cells and plays a key role in tumor cell growth, migration, invasion and survival. It also plays a major role in the regulation of T-cell activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD26 Monoclonal Antibody YS110","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YS110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552568"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793089"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793089"}]}}{"C106266":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD27L Antibody-Drug Conjugate AMG 172","code":"C106266","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against CD27L conjugated, via a non-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid DM1, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of this immunoconjugate binds to CD27L on tumor cell surfaces. After internalization, the DM1 moiety binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics and inhibiting both cell division and proliferation of cancer cells that express CD27L. CD27L, a type II transmembrane protein and member of the tumor necrosis factor family, is a co-stimulatory molecule constitutively expressed on a subset of activated T-cells, B-cells, and dendritic cells, which is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-172","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AMG-172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD27L Antibody-Drug Conjugate AMG 172","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD27L Antibody-Drug Conjugate AMG 172","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433957"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B6M586T6SD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721679"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721679"}]}}{"C74004":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD3 Immunotoxin A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1)","code":"C74004","definitions":[{"description":"A bivalent recombinant fusion protein immunotoxin derived from the anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody UCHT1 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD3 immunotoxin A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1) consists of 1-390 amino acid residues of chain A diphtheria toxin (DT) joined via a spacer to the Fv fragment of UCHT1, which is connected to a second UCHT1 Fv fragment via a disulfide bond (hence the \"bisFv\" designation); the addition of the second Fv fragment overcomes the steric hindrance of immunotoxin binding due to the large N-terminal DT domain. Once inside target T cells, the DT moiety catalyzes the transfer of the ADP-ribose moiety of NAD to diphthamide, a posttranslationally modified histidine residue found in elongation factor 2 (EF-2); inactivation of EF-2, disruption of polypeptide chain elongation, and cell death ensue. CD3 is a complex of five cell-surface polypeptides associated with the T cell receptor (TCR) complex.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1)","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3 Immunotoxin A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3 Immunotoxin A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Resimmune","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383887"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"588895"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"588895"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD3_Immunotoxin_A-dmDT390-bisFv_UCHT1"}]}}{"C136823":{"preferredName":"Teclistamab","code":"C136823","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on plasma cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, teclistamab binds to both CD3 on T-cells and BCMA expressed on malignant plasma cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against BCMA-expressing plasma cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ 64007957","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-64007957","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ64007957","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TECLISTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teclistamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Teclistamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524654"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2119595-80-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"54534MX6Z9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789710"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789710"}]}}{"C146860":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-BCMA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody PF-06863135","code":"C146860","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on plasma cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD3/anti-BCMA bispecific monoclonal antibody PF-06863135 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and BCMA expressed on malignant plasma cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against BCMA-expressing plasma cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-BCMA Bispecific Antibody PF-06863135","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-BCMA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody PF-06863135","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-BCMA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody PF-06863135","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-cell Maturation Antigen-CD3 Bispecific Antibody PF-06863135","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA x CD3 Bispecific Antibody PF-06863135","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA-CD3 Bispecific Ab PF-06863135","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06863135","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06863135","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PF-06863135","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF06863135","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544825"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L0HR9A577V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792267"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792267"}]}}{"C95760":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-CD20 Trifunctional Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody FBTA05","code":"C95760","definitions":[{"description":"A trifunctional bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. FBTA05 contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen; and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen that is exclusively expressed on B cells during most stages of B cell development and often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. In addition, the modified Fc portion of this antibody binds Fc receptors on antigen presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). FBTA05 brings T cells, CD20-expressing tumor B-cells and APCs together into tricellular complexes, which may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. Fc-mediated binding of APCs in the tricellular complex potentiates CD20 antigen presentation to T cells and the activation of anti-tumor cytotoxic T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-CD20 Trifunctional Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody FBTA05","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FBTA05","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421602"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675323"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675323"}]}}{"C147534":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-GPRC5D Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody JNJ-64407564","code":"C147534","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD3/anti-GPRC5D bispecific monoclonal antibody JNJ-64407564 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and GPRC5D expressed on certain tumor cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GPRC5D-expressing tumor cells. GPRC5D is overexpressed on certain tumors, such as multiple myeloma, while minimally expressed on normal, healthy cells, and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-GPRC5D Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody JNJ-64407564","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-GPRC5D Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody JNJ-64407564","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GPRC5D x CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-64407564","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GPRC5D x CD3 DuoBody Antibody JNJ-64407564","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GPRC5D/CD3 DuoBody Antibody JNJ-64407564","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized GPRC5D x CD3 DuoBody Antibody JNJ-64407564","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 64407564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-64407564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ64407564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545429"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792477"}]}}{"C163022":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD3/CD20 Bispecific Antibody GEN3013","code":"C163022","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD20/CD3 monoclonal antibody GEN3013 contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, GEN3013 binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the CD20-expressing tumor B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20/CD3 Bispecific Antibody GEN3013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/CD20 Bispecific Antibody GEN3013","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 Antibody GEM 333","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DuoBody-CD3xCD20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN 3013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN-3013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN3013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798973"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798973"}]}}{"C153147":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD3/CD38 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMG 424","code":"C153147","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, bispecific monoclonal antibody (BsAb) targeting CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and CD38, a human cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD3/CD38 bispecific monoclonal antibody AMG 424 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and CD38 expressed on tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies; its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3 x Anti-CD38 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMG 424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-CD38 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMG 424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/CD38 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMG 424","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/CD38 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMG 424","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD3xCD38 BsAb AMG 424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554400"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793935"}]}}{"C77886":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1401","code":"C77886","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human, second-generation, nonfucosylated monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD30 with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody MDX-1401 specifically binds to the CD30 antigen, which may result in a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD30-expressing tumor cells. CD30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on activated lymphocytes transiently and is constitutively expressed in hematologic malignancies including Hodgkin's disease and some T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Compared to conventional antibodies, deletion of fucose molecules on the antibody backbone, as is done in MDX-1401, may result in an increased affinity for Fc receptors and an enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1401","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-1401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703085"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592962"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592962"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD30_Monoclonal_Antibody_MDX-1401"}]}}{"C74005":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb2513","code":"C74005","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD30 with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody XmAb2513 specifically binds to the CD30 antigen, which may result in a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD30-expressing tumor cells. CD30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on activated lymphocytes transiently and is constitutively expressed in hematologic malignancies including Hodgkin's disease and some T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb2513","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb2513","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb2513","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383523"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589299"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589299"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD30_Monoclonal_Antibody_XmAb2513"}]}}{"C94219":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD30/CD16A Monoclonal Antibody AFM13","code":"C94219","definitions":[{"description":"A tetravalent bispecific antibody directed against human CD30 and the human low affinity IgG Fc region receptor (FCGR3A; CD16A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD30/CD16A monoclonal antibody AFM13 binds to the CD16A expressed on natural killer (NK) cells with two of its binding sites and to CD30 on CD30-expressing tumor cells with the other two binding sites, thereby selectively cross-linking tumor and NK cells. This may result in NK cell activation, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and eventually tumor cell lysis. CD30, a cell surface receptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is overexpressed in hematologic malignancies; CD16A is specifically expressed on the surface of NK cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFM13","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30/CD16A Monoclonal Antibody AFM13","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30/CD16A Monoclonal Antibody AFM13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426032"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687622"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687622"}]}}{"C156458":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD32B Monoclonal Antibody BI-1206","code":"C156458","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the Fc gamma receptor IIB (FcgRIIB; CD32B) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD32B monoclonal antibody BI-1206 selectively binds to CD32B, a receptor expressed on the surface of B-cells. This prevents CD32B-mediated internalization of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, such as rituximab, which abrogates tumor cell resistance caused by CD32B-mediated monoclonal antibody internalization and degradation of CD32B-expressing B-cells. By blocking CD32B, BI-1206 may recover and enhance the activity of rituximab and other anti CD20 monoclonal antibodies. In addition, BI-1206 itself activates the immune system to exert an immune-mediated tumor cell death of B-cells. CD32B, an inhibitory member of the FcgammaR family, is implicated in immune cell desensitization and tumor cell resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD32B Monoclonal Antibody BI-1206","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD32B Monoclonal Antibody BI-1206","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-hFcgRIIB Monoclonal Antibody BI-1206","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-hFcgammaRIIB mAb BI-1206","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 1206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-1206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI1206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563195"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C125717":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33 Antibody-drug Conjugate IMGN779","code":"C125717","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody Z4681A conjugated, via a cleavable disulfide linker, to the cytotoxic DNA alkylating agent DGN462, which is an indolino-benzodiazepine dimer containing a mono-imine moiety, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody-DGN462 conjugate IMGN779 specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD33 expressed on myeloid leukemia cells; upon internalization, the DGN462 moiety is released, and covalently binds to and alkylates DNA, thereby causing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and inhibition of cell growth in myeloid leukemia cells that express CD33. CD33 is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and myeloid leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC IMGN779","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33 ADC IMGN779","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Antibody-drug Conjugate IMGN779","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Antibody-drug Conjugate IMGN779","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN779","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504373"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778810"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778810"}]}}{"C135632":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33 Antigen/CD3 Receptor Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMV564","code":"C135632","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-CD33/anti-CD3 bispecific tetravalent antibody, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD33/CD3 tetravalent bispecific monoclonal antibody AMV564 possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD33, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of a variety of tumor cell types. Upon infusion of AMV564, this bispecific antibody binds to CD3-expressing T-cells and CD33-expressing tumor cells, thereby crosslinking CD33-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in a potent CTL-mediated cell lysis of CD33-expressing cells. CD33, a glycoprotein expressed by a variety of cancers, including the majority of acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs), and normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells, plays a key role in tumor initiation, proliferation and progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMV 564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMV-564","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AMV-564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMV564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Antigen/CD3 Receptor Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMV564","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Antigen/CD3 Receptor Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMV564","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD33 x CD3 Tandem Diabody AMV-56","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD33/CD3 TandAbs AMV564","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522987"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"56FUB33G5M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789017"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789017"}]}}{"C116737":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836858","code":"C116737","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered, fully human, immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody BI 836858 induces an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD33-expressing tumor cells, leading to cell death. CD33, a cell surface antigen expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells, is overexpressed on myeloid leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836858","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836858","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 836858","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446627"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737148"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737148"}]}}{"C71523":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Conjugate AVE9633","code":"C71523","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody huMy9-6 conjugated to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4 with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody-DM4 conjugate AVE9633 specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD33 expressed on myeloid leukemia cells; upon internalization, the DM4 moiety is released, binds tubulin, and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in the inhibition of cell division and cell growth in myeloid leukemia cells that express CD33. CD33 is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells as well as on myeloid leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Conjugate AVE9633","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL378287"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575732"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575732"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD33-DM4_Conjugate"}]}}{"C123332":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 330","code":"C123332","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary recombinant bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33 fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 330, this bispecific antibody binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD33 antigen found on CD33-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to CD33-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33, a myeloid differentiation antigen, is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and overexpressed on neoplastic cells in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 330","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 330","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD33/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3851031"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775135"}]}}{"C147026":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 673","code":"C147026","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33 fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 673 binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD33 antigen found on CD33-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to CD33-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33, a myeloid differentiation antigen, is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It plays a key role in tumor initiation, proliferation and progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 673","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-673","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG673","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33 x Anti-CD3 BiTE AMG 673","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 673","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 673","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 673","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 673","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD33/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 673","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545041"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792374"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792374"}]}}{"C155970":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody GEM 333","code":"C155970","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody possessing two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CD33/CD3 bispecific antibody GEM 333, this bispecific antibody binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD33 antigen found on CD33-expressing tumor cells, thereby crosslinking tumor cells and CTLs. This activates and redirects CTLs to CD33-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33, a myeloid differentiation antigen, is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It plays a key role in tumor initiation, proliferation and progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Bispecific Antibody GEM 333","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody GEM 333","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 Antibody GEM 333","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody GEM 333","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEM 333","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEM-333","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEM333","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562715"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795023"}]}}{"C162296":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-67571244","code":"C162296","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody possessing two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD33/CD3 bispecific antibody JNJ-67571244 binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD33 antigen expressed on certain tumor cells, thereby crosslinking tumor cells and CTLs. This activates and redirects CTLs to CD33-expressing tumor cells, which results in CTL-mediated killing of CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33, a myeloid differentiation antigen, is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It plays a key role in tumor initiation, proliferation and progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-67571244","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-67571244","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 67571244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-67571244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ67571244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798705"}]}}{"C131174":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD352 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD352A","code":"C131174","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an engineered cysteine humanized monoclonal antibody (EC-mAb) targeting CD352 (SLAM family member 6; SLAM6) that is conjugated to the cytotoxic, DNA minor-groove crosslinking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD352 ADC SGN-CD352A, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD352. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization, and lysosome uptake, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. In turn, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of CD352-overexpressing tumor cells. CD352, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on a variety of cancers. Cysteine engineering of the monoclonal antibody allows for a site-specific, stable conjugation and uniform loading of the PBD agent to the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD352 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD352 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBD Dimer ADC SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBD-based Anti-CD352 ADC SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBD-based Anti-CD352 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513495"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785477"}]}}{"C100101":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD37 Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMGN529","code":"C100101","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate that consists of a humanized IgG1 antibody K7153A against the cell-surface antigen CD37 and covalently linked via the uncleavable, maleimide-derived thioether-based linker SMCC to the maytansinoid DM1, with potential pro-apoptotic and cytotoxic activities. The antibody moiety of IMGN529 binds to CD37 on tumor B-cells and induces an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), thereby showing pro-apoptotic activity. In addition, after the internalization of this agent and lysosomal degradation, the DM1 moiety binds to tubulin and inhibits tubulin polymerization and microtubule assembly, resulting in a disruption of microtubule activity and cell division, and eventually causing cell death in CD37-positive B-cells. CD37, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Compared to reducible, cleavable linkers, the non-reducible SMCC linker shows increased stability in plasma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD37 Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMGN529","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD37 Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMGN529","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN529","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP 529","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP-529","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP529","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3639093"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"727107"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"727107"}]}}{"C119700":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD37 MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS67E","code":"C119700","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of AGS67C, a human anti-CD37 monoclonal antibody covalently linked, via reduced cysteines and a protease cleavable linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of AGS67E binds to CD37 antigens on tumor B-cells and is rapidly internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Upon proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M checkpoint arrest and apoptosis in CD37-expressing tumor cells. CD37, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS67E","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD37 MMAE ADC AGS67E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD37 MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS67E","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD37 MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS67E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896733"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C122833":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD37 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836826","code":"C122833","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-engineered, chimeric immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD37, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-CD37 monoclonal antibody BI 836826 both activates the immune system to induce an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD37-overexpressing tumor cells and induces apoptosis in these tumor cells. BI 836826 is Fc-engineered to improve ADCC activity and enhance affinity for the receptor Fc-gamma-RIIIa, which is expressed on human natural killer (NK) cells. CD37, a member of the tetraspanin superfamily of cell surface antigens, is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD37 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836826","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD37 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836826","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 836826","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-836826","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MAb 37.1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433789"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LB090AB8DB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695895"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695895"}]}}{"C97954":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody MOR03087","code":"C97954","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody MOR03087 specifically binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. This may trigger antitumoral antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and may eventually lead to cell lysis in CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies, and its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody MOR03087","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOR03087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOR202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430560"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710408"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710408"}]}}{"C148078":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody TAK-079","code":"C148078","definitions":[{"description":"A human, non-agonistic immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1 (CD38) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody TAK-079 specifically binds to CD38 that is expressed on human plasmablasts, plasma cells, NK cells and activated T- and B-cells. This may trigger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), cell lysis and depletion of CD38-expressing cells. Additionally, TAK-079 does not induce CD38-dependent signaling and does not promote cytokine activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs). CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed on cells associated with autoimmune diseases and hematologic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD38 MAb TAK-079","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody TAK-079","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody TAK-079","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK 079","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-079","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK079","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545882"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795705"}]}}{"C140427":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD38-targeted IgG4-attenuated IFNa TAK-573","code":"C140427","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary preparation composed of an immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 (CD38) that is fused to an attenuated form of human interferon alpha (IFN alpha; IFNa), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the IgG4 moiety of the anti-CD38-targeted IgG4-attenuated IFNa TAK-573 specifically targets and binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. In turn, the IFNa moiety binds to cell-surface IFN receptors, and activates IFN-mediated signal transduction pathways, which results in the transcription and translation of genes whose products may cause antiproliferative effects in CD38-positive tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies, and its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD38-targeted IgG4-attenuated IFNa TAK-573","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38-targeted IgG4-attenuated IFNa TAK-573","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38-targeted IgG4-attenuated Interferon Alpha TAK-573","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD38-targeted IgG4 Fused with Attenuated IFNa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEV-48573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538488"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C147563":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD38/CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1342","code":"C147563","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, bispecific monoclonal antibody (BsAb) against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and the human cell surface glycoprotein CD38, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD38/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody GBR 1342 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and CD38 expressed on certain tumor cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies; its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis. GBR 1342 uses the proprietary bispecific engagement by antibodies based on the T-cell receptor (BEAT) platform.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD38 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1342","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1342","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38/CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1342","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38/CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1342","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEAT GBR 1342","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD38xCD3 BsAb GBR 1342","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GBR 1342","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GBR-1342","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GBR1342","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545397"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C162693":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody TTX-030","code":"C162693","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD39 (cluster of differentiation 39; ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1; NTPDase1; ENTPD1) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD39 monoclonal antibody TTX-030 specifically binds to the CD39 antigen, which may inhibit both the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and the subsequent generation of immunosuppressive extracellular adenosine in the tumor microenvironment (TME). CD39, a cell surface ectonucleosidase, is upregulated on tumor cells as an immune evasion strategy; blocking its action may promote the stimulation of dendritic and other myeloid-derived cells that are necessary for both innate and adaptive immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody TTX-030","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody TTX-030","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTX 030","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTX-030","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTX030","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798967"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798967"}]}}{"C139553":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-927","code":"C139553","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell surface antigen CD40, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ABBV-927 binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, triggers the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and activates T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on various immune cells and plays a key role in the activation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV-927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agonistic Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-927","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-927","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-927","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-927","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526913"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C150558":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CDX-1140","code":"C150558","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the B-cell surface antigen CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CDX-1140 targets and binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, triggers the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activates T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on various immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and B-cells, and plays a key role in the activation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Agonist CD40 Antibody CDX-1140","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CDX-1140","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CDX-1140","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody CDX-1140","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX 1140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-1140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552359"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793440"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793440"}]}}{"C101366":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody Chi Lob 7/4","code":"C101366","definitions":[{"description":"An IgG1 chimeric monoclonal antibody agonist of the cell surface receptor CD40 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody Chi Lob 7/4 binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types, triggering the cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), activating B cells and T cells, and enhancing the immune response; in addition, this agent binds to the CD40 antigen present on the surfaces of some solid tumor cells, resulting in complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) eventually resulting in decreased tumor growth. CD40, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on various immune cells, many B-cell malignancies, and many solid tumors, mediating both indirect tumor cell death through the activation of the immune system and direct tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody Chi Lob 7/4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chi Lob 7/4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435546"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729807"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729807"}]}}{"C121217":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody SEA-CD40","code":"C121217","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, non-fucosylated monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD40 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody SEA-CD40 binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types, triggering both cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which activates B-cells and T-cells, and enhances the immune response against tumor cells. In addition, this agent binds to the CD40 antigen present on the surfaces of tumor cells, which induces antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC), and eventually inhibits the proliferation of CD40-expressing tumor cells. CD40, a stimulatory receptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on various immune cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells and various tumor cell types; it plays a key role in the activation of the immune system. The non-fucosylated antibody shows increased efficacy as compared to its fucosylated counterpart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody SEA-CD40","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody SEA-CD40","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEA-CD40","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053590"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769820"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769820"}]}}{"C132681":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD40/Anti-TAA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-428","code":"C132681","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody composed of a binding domain for an epitope found on the cell-surface receptor CD40 linked to a binding domain directed to an as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CD40/anti-TAA bispecific monoclonal antibody ABBV-428, the anti-TAA moiety targets and binds to the TAA expressed on the tumor cells. The agonistic anti-CD40 moiety targets and binds to various CD40-expressing immune cells. This leads to the activation and proliferation of effector and memory T-cells, and enhances the immune response against tumor cells, which kills and inhibits the proliferation of the TAA-expressing tumor cells. CD40, a stimulatory receptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on various immune cells, such as macrophages, B-lymphocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs); it plays a key role in the activation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 428","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-428","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 x Anti-TAA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-428","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40/Anti-TAA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-428","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40/Anti-TAA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-428","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520571"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787098"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787098"}]}}{"C120140":{"preferredName":"Letolizumab","code":"C120140","definitions":[{"description":"A dimeric fusion protein composed of the C-terminus of the domain antibody (dAb) BMS2h-572-633 targeting the CD40 ligand (CD40L or CD154) linked to a modified Fc fragment of immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), with potential immunomodulatory activity. Upon intravenous administration, the peptide moiety of letolizumab specifically targets and binds to CD40L expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents the binding of CD40L to its cognate receptor CD40 expressed on B-lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs). This prevents T-cell mediated proliferation and differentiation of B-cells, and prevents the production of antibodies. By inhibiting both the production of anti-glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa antibodies by B-cells and GPIIb/IIIa-dependent T-cell proliferation, letolizumab may prevent platelet destruction and may increase platelet counts in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The direct binding of letolizumab to CD40L on platelets further prevents CD40L/CD40-mediated destruction by macrophages and DCs in ITP. The modified Fc domain prevents the binding of letolizumab to the Fc receptor FcgammaRIIA on platelets, thereby preventing FcgammaRIIA-dependent platelet activation and anti-CD40L-induced thromboembolism. CD40L, a transmembrane protein of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, is primarily expressed on activated T-cells, but is also expressed on eosinophils, basophils, natural killer (NK) cells, mast cells, platelets and activated endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-986004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fc-Fusion Protein BMS986004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LETOLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Letolizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Letolizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896896"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1450981-87-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"449MIE2SD6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"773819"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"773819"}]}}{"C116881":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD44 Monoclonal Antibody RO5429083","code":"C116881","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the cancer stem cell (CSC) antigen CD44, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, RO5429083 binds to the constant region of the extracellular domain of CD44, thereby preventing the activation of various CD44-mediated signal transduction pathways. This may lead to a reduction in the proliferation of CD44-expressing tumor stem cells. CD44, a transmembrane glycoprotein and hyaluronic acid receptor, is expressed in healthy tissue and overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types; it plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, migration and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD44 Monoclonal Antibody RO5429083","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD44 Monoclonal Antibody RO5429083","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7356","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5429083","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433841"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701281"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701281"}]}}{"C74009":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12","code":"C74009","definitions":[{"description":"A high affinity IgG1 monoclonal antibody with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody AHN-12 recognizes CD45, a transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase that is expressed on the surface of normal and malignant hematopoietic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AHN-12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383504"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587980"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587980"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD45_Monoclonal_Antibody_AHN-12"}]}}{"C156416":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD46 Antibody-drug Conjugate FOR46","code":"C156416","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the cluster of differentiation 46 (CD46; membrane cofactor protein; MCP) and conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD46 ADC FOR46 specifically targets and binds to a specific conformational epitope on the immune modulatory receptor CD46 expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic payload kills the CD46-expressing tumor cells. The conformational epitope of CD46 is highly expressed in multiple tumor cell types while minimally expressed or absent in normal, healthy tissues. FOR46 does not interfere with other CD46-mediated pathways that naturally occur in normal, healthy tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC FOR46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD46 ADC FOR46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD46 Antibody-drug Conjugate FOR46","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD46 Antibody-drug Conjugate FOR46","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate FOR46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD46-ADC FOR46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOR 46","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOR-46","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOR46","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563108"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C159600":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody AO-176","code":"C159600","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody AO-176 preferentially binds to CD47 on tumor cells because it exhibits enhanced binding at the acidic pH found in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), which prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages, which results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. Additionally, blocking CD47 signaling activates both an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T-cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. In addition, AO-176 induces immunogenic cell death (ICD) and releases damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from tumor cells, thereby further stimulating immune responses. AO-176 is also able to induce direct cytotoxic cell death by a cell autonomous mechanism. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPalpha, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AO 176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AO-176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AO176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody AO-176","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody AO-176","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797803"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797803"}]}}{"C121211":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody CC-90002","code":"C121211","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody CC-90002 selectively binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa), a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages. This results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. In addition, blocking CD47 signaling activates both an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Mab CC-90002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody CC-90002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody CC-90002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 90002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-90002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053657"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769566"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769566"}]}}{"C117730":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody Hu5F9-G4","code":"C117730","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody Hu5F9-G4 selectively binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with its ligand signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa), a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling, allows the activation of macrophages, through the induction of pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by calreticulin, which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, and results in specific tumor cell phagocytosis. In addition, blocking CD47 signaling activates an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T-mediated cell killing. CD47, a tumor associated antigen expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), is overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and interaction with SIRP-alpha, leads to inhibition of macrophages and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis thereby allowing cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody Hu5F9-G4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu5F9-G4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474125"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763907"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763907"}]}}{"C157385":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody IBI188","code":"C157385","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting leukocyte surface antigen CD47 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody IBI188 selectively binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa), a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages. This results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. In addition, blocking CD47 signaling activates both an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody IBI188","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody IBI188","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI 188","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI-188","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI188","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936985"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C160202":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1603","code":"C160202","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody SHR-1603 preferentially binds to CD47 on tumor cells. This blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), which prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages, which results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. Additionally, blocking CD47 signaling activates both an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T-cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPalpha, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1603","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 1603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-1603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR1603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797797"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797797"}]}}{"C155976":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody SRF231","code":"C155976","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody SRF231 selectively binds to CD47 on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages. This prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages. This results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. In addition, blocking CD47 signaling activates both an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPalpha, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody SRF231","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody SRF231","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF 231","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF-231","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF231","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562712"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795110"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795110"}]}}{"C163977":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody TJC4","code":"C163977","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody TJC4 preferentially binds to a unique epitope of CD47 on tumor cells. This blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), which prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages, which results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. Additionally, blocking CD47 signaling activates an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T-cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPalpha, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate. TJC4, compared to other anti-CD47 monoclonal antibodies, is designed to minimize inherent binding to normal red blood cells (RBCs), which may results in a more advantageous hematologic safety profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody TJC4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody TJC4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ 011133","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ-011133","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ011133","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJC4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C148103":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD48/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD48A","code":"C148103","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody targeting the cell surface antigen CD48 that is conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), via a proprietary next-generation PEGylated glucuronide linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following intravenous administration, the antibody moiety of anti-CD48 ADC SGN-CD48A binds to CD48 on the surface of tumor cells. Following internalization of the ADC, the MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CD48-expressing tumor cells. CD48, a member of the signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) family of immune cell receptors, is involved in T-cell activation and leukocyte trafficking. Additionally, CD48 is expressed on the surface of multiple myeloma cells at significantly higher levels than it is expressed on normal lymphocytes and monocytes. The linkage system in SGN-CD48A improves stability, reduces off-target uptake, and enables conjugation of larger numbers of MMAE/antibody than other systems, resulting in increased specificity against CD48-positive cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD48 ADC SGN-CD48A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD48/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD48A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD48/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD48A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN CD48A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD48A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGNCD48A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545862"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794392"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794392"}]}}{"C160787":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD52 Monoclonal Antibody ALLO-647","code":"C160787","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD52 (CAMPATH-1 antigen; Cambridge pathology 1 antigen), with potential immunodepleting activity. Upon administration, anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody ALLO-647 selectively targets and binds to CD52, thereby triggering a host immune response that results in the lysis of CD52-positive lymphocytes. This leads to immunodepletion and may prevent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). CD52 is a glycoprotein expressed on the surface of many immune cells, including essentially all B- and T-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALLO 647","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALLO-647","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALLO647","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD52 Monoclonal Antibody ALLO-647","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD52 Monoclonal Antibody ALLO-647","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798418"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798418"}]}}{"C84855":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD70 Antibody-Drug Conjugate MDX-1203","code":"C84855","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a fully human monoclonal antibody, directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule, conjugated to a prodrug of a CC-1065 (rachelmycin) analogue via a stable peptide-based linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-CD70 antibody moiety of the anti-CD70 antibody-drug conjugate MDX-1203 selectively binds to the extracellular domain of CD70 on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internalization, the prodrug moiety is released and activated and binds to double-stranded B-DNA within the minor groove, thereby alkylating the -3 position of adenine, which may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress CD70. CD70, the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27 and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is found on the surfaces of various types of cancer cells. The antitumor antibiotic CC-1065, a DNA minor-groove-binding alkylating agent, was originally isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces zelensis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD70 ADC MDX-1203","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD70 Antibody-Drug Conjugate MDX-1203","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD70 Antibody-Drug Conjugate MDX-1203","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-1203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827532"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651385"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651385"}]}}{"C117732":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD70 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD70A","code":"C117732","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing an engineered cysteine monoclonal antibody (EC-mAb), directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule, conjugated to the synthetic, cytotoxic, DNA minor-groove crosslinking agent, pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, via a stable, protease-cleavable, peptide-based linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-CD70 antibody moiety of the anti-CD70 antibody-drug conjugate SGN-CD70A selectively binds to the extracellular domain of CD70 on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internalization, the PBD dimer moiety is released and covalently binds, through its imine moieties, to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA double strand breaks and inhibits DNA replication, which lead to the inhibition of cell growth of tumor cells that overexpress CD70. CD70, the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27 and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is found on the surfaces of various types of cancer cells. The cysteine moiety of the EC-mAb allows for the stable conjugation of the PBD to the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD70 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD70A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD70A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474127"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763909"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763909"}]}}{"C162699":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD70 CAR-expressing T Lymphocytes","code":"C162699","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of human T-lymphocytes transduced with a recombinant viral vector encoding a chimeric T-cell receptor (chimeric antigen receptor or CAR) consisting of one or more binding domains that target the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD70 (CD27 ligand; tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 7; TNFSF7) fused to one or more co-stimulatory TCR-signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD70 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes, express anti-CD70-CAR on their cell surfaces and bind to the CD70 antigen on tumor cell surfaces thereby neutralizing the activity of CD70. This may induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD70-expressing tumor cells. CD70, a cytokine belonging to the tumor necrosis superfamily (TNFSF) and the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27, is expressed on the surfaces of various types of cancer cells; its overexpression may play an important role in the evasion of immune surveillance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD70 CAR-expressing T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD70 CAR-expressing T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD70 CAR-expressing T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD70 CAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD70 CAR T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[]}}{"C78187":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD70 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1411","code":"C78187","definitions":[{"description":"A glycoengineered, fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD70 fully human monoclonal antibody MDX-1411 selectivity binds to the extracellular domain of CD70, which may induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against CD70-expressing tumor cells. CD70, the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27 and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is found on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells among other cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD70 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1411","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD70 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1411","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-1411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383579"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594769"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594769"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD70_Fully_Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_MDX-1411"}]}}{"C153287":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD71/vcMMAE Probody-drug Conjugate CX-2029","code":"C153287","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD71 Probody/vcMMAE Drug Conjugate CX-2029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD71/vcMMAE Probody-drug Conjugate CX-2029","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD71/vcMMAE Probody-drug Conjugate CX-2029","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody Prodrug-drug Conjugate CX-2029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD71-Directed Probody Therapeutic CX-2029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD71-directed PDC CX-2029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX 2029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-2029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX2029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBC CX-2029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDC-targeting CD71 CX-2029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554515"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794073"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794073"}]}}{"C132266":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986179","code":"C132266","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5'-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5'-NT; ecto-5'-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody BMS-986179 targets and binds to CD73, leading to clustering and internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and decreases the amount of free adenosine. This prevents adenosine-mediated suppression of lymphocyte activity and increases the activity of CD8-positive effector cells. This also activates macrophages, and reduces the activity of both myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T-lymphocytes. By abrogating the inhibitory effect on the immune system and enhancing the cytotoxic T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells, tumor cell growth is decreased. CD73, a plasma membrane protein belonging to the 5'-nucleotidase (NTase) family, is upregulated on a number of cancer cell types and catalyzes the conversion of extracellular nucleotides, such as AMP, to membrane-permeable nucleosides, such as adenosine; it plays a key role in adenosine-mediated immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986179","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986179","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986179","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986179","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520363"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783651"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783651"}]}}{"C156061":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody CPI-006","code":"C156061","definitions":[{"description":"A type II humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5'-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5'-NT; ecto-5'-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody CPI-006 targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, leading to internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine, thereby preventing adenosine-mediated suppression of lymphocyte activity and increasing the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This also activates macrophages, and reduces the activity of both myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T-lymphocytes. By abrogating the inhibitory effect on the immune system and enhancing the CTL-mediated immune response against cancer cells, tumor cell growth is decreased. CD73, a plasma membrane protein belonging to the 5'-nucleotidase (NTase) family, is upregulated on a number of cancer cell types and catalyzes the conversion of extracellular nucleotides, such as AMP, to membrane-permeable nucleosides, such as adenosine; it plays a key role in adenosine-mediated immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody CPI-006","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody CPI-006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI 006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPX-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562920"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795397"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795397"}]}}{"C158132":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody NZV930","code":"C158132","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5'-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5'-NT; ecto-5'-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody NZV930 targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, leading to internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine, thereby preventing adenosine-mediated suppression of lymphocyte activity and increasing the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This also activates macrophages and reduces the activity of both myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T-lymphocytes. By abrogating the inhibitory effect on the immune system and enhancing the CTL-mediated immune response against cancer cells, tumor cell growth is decreased. CD73, a plasma membrane protein belonging to the 5'-nucleotidase (NTase) family, is upregulated in many cancer cell types and catalyzes the conversion of extracellular nucleotides, such as AMP, to membrane-permeable nucleosides, such as adenosine; it plays a key role in adenosine-mediated immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody NZV930","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody NZV930","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NZV 930","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NZV-930","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NZV930","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF 373","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF-373","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF373","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937671"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797358"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797358"}]}}{"C159168":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody TJ4309","code":"C159168","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5'-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5'-NT; ecto-5'-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody TJ4309 targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, thereby inhibiting CD73 activity. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine, preventing adenosine-mediated suppression of lymphocyte activity and increasing the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This also activates macrophages and reduces the activity of both myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T-lymphocytes (Tregs). By abrogating the inhibitory effect on the immune system and enhancing the CTL-mediated immune response against cancer cells, tumor cell growth is decreased. CD73, a plasma membrane protein belonging to the 5'-nucleotidase (NTase) family, is upregulated on a number of cancer cell types and catalyzes the conversion of extracellular nucleotides, such as AMP, to membrane-permeable nucleosides, such as adenosine; it plays a key role in adenosine-mediated immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment (TME).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody TJ4309","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody TJ4309","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ 004309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ 4309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ-004309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ-4309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ004309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ4309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJD5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797647"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797647"}]}}{"C148066":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD74 Antibody-drug Conjugate STRO-001","code":"C148066","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of an aglycosylated human anti-CD74 IgG1 antibody (SP7219) that has been genetically modified to incorporate the non-natural amino acid (nnAA) para-azidomethyl-L-phenylalanine (pAMF), which is site-specifically conjugated to a non-cleavable dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)-maytansinoid linker-warhead, with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of anti-CD74 ADC STRO-001 targets and binds to the CD74 expressed on tumor cells; upon internalization, the maytansinoid linker-warhead moiety binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, which results in the inhibition of both cell division and cell growth of CD74-expressing tumor cells. CD74, a transmembrane glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) involved in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II protein formation and localization, is a receptor for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF; MMIF). MIF binding induces intramembrane cleavage of CD74, which liberates the cytosolic intracellular domain (ICD) of CD74 and regulates the expression of genes involved in promoting cell survival. CD74 is overexpressed on cells from hematologic B-lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC STRO-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD74 ADC STRO-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD74 Antibody-drug Conjugate STRO-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD74 Antibody-drug Conjugate STRO-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SP7675","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STRO-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545806"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795302"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795302"}]}}{"C113659":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD98 Monoclonal Antibody IGN523","code":"C113659","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, monoclonal antibody targeting the CD98 (gp125) antigen, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, IGN523 binds to CD98 expressed on the tumor cell surface and elicits both natural killer (NK)-cell mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity towards CD98-expressing tumor cells. In addition, IGN523 inhibits essential amino acid uptake by rapidly proliferating tumor cells. CD98, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is involved in both integrin signaling and amino acid transport processes; it is overexpressed in certain cancer cells and plays a key role in the proliferation, survival and metastasis of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD98 Monoclonal Antibody IGN523","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGN523","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458372"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757070"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757070"}]}}{"C131439":{"preferredName":"Anti-CDH6 Antibody-drug Conjugate HKT288","code":"C131439","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cadherin-6 (CDH6; CDH-6) conjugated to a maytansine-based cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of HKT288 targets and binds to CDH6 located on tumor cell surfaces. After internalization, the maytansine moiety binds to tubulin, which disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics and inhibits both division and proliferation of CDH6-expressing tumor cells. CDH6, a member of the cadherin family and overexpressed by a variety of cancers, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CDH6 ADC HKT288","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CDH6 Antibody-drug Conjugate HKT288","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CDH6 Antibody-drug Conjugate HKT288","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HKT 288","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HKT288","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maytansine-based ADC HKT-288","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514241"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786265"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786265"}]}}{"C95728":{"preferredName":"Anti-CEA BiTE Monoclonal Antibody AMG211","code":"C95728","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, proprietary bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTE) antibody directed against human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CEA BiTE monoclonal antibody AMG211 possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for CEA and one for the CD3 complex, a group of T cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T cell receptor (TCR). This bispecific monoclonal antibody brings CEA-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and helper T lymphocytes (HTLs) together, which may result in the CTL- and HTL-mediated cell death of CEA-expressing cells. CEA, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed in many cancer types, including gastrointestinal, breast, non-small cell lung, and thyroid cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CEA BiTE Monoclonal Antibody AMG211","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CEA BiTE Monoclonal Antibody AMG211","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-565","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"19953093"},{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"19342971"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428189"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694640"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694640"}]}}{"C68927":{"preferredName":"Anti-CEA/Anti-DTPA-In (F6-734) Bispecific Antibody","code":"C68927","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody (BsMAb) consisting of the Fab fragment of an anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (F6) coupled to the Fab fragment of an anti-DTPA-In monoclonal antibody (734) with potential radioimmunotherapeutic activity. In a two-step pretargeted radioimmunotherapeutic approach, this BsMAb, localizing to CEA-expressing tumor cells via the F6 Fab fragment, is introduced into patient first, followed by injection of indium 131-radiolabeled DTPA, which is recognized by the 734 Fab fragment of the BsMAb. Accordingly, a potentially lethal dose of indium 131 is delivered specifically to CEA-expressing tumor cells while minimizing radiotoxicity to normal tissues. CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) is a tumor antigen overexpressed in many cancer types, including gastrointestinal, breast, non-small cell lung, and thyroid cancers. DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) is a bivalent hapten.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CEA/Anti-DTPA-In (F6-734) Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F6-734 BsMAb","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL374415"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"549681"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"549681"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CEA_Anti-DTPA-In_F6-734_Bispecific_Antibody"}]}}{"C82355":{"preferredName":"Anti-CEA/Anti-HSG Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TF2","code":"C82355","definitions":[{"description":"A tri-Fab bispecific monoclonal antibody (BiMoAb) divalent for the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and monovalent for histamine-succinyl-glycine (HSG) peptide-hapten. Anti-CEA/anti-HSG bispecific monoclonal antibody TF2 binds to the tumor associated antigen (TAA) CEA on CEA-expressing tumor cells. Subsequently, an HSG peptide-hapten carrying a radionuclide is administered, binding to the anti-HSG binding fragment on the BiMoAb. Depending on the characteristics of the radionuclide used, CEA-expressing tumor cells may then be radioimaged and/or treated radioimmunotherapeutically.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CEA x Anti-Histamine-Succinyl-Glycine Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TF2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CEA/Anti-HSG Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TF2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TF2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408839"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639754"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639754"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CEA_Anti-HSG_Bispecific_Monoclonal_Antibody_TF2"}]}}{"C120305":{"preferredName":"Anti-CEACAM1 Monoclonal Antibody CM-24","code":"C120305","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) antibody targeting the anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1; CD66a), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CEACAM1 monoclonal antibody CM-24, this agent binds to CEACAM1 on cancer cells and certain immune cells. This blocks the binding of CEACAM1-expressing cancer cells to CEACAM1-expressing immune cells and abrogates CEACAM1-mediated immunosuppression. This enhances the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells and increases CTL- and NK-mediated killing of CEACAM1-overexpressing cancer cells. CEACAM1, a member of the CEA family of proteins that plays a key role in cell migration, cell invasion, and cell adhesion, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types. Its overexpression is correlated with both immunosuppression and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM1 Monoclonal Antibody CM-24","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM1 Monoclonal Antibody CM-24","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM-24","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896886"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768651"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768651"}]}}{"C117229":{"preferredName":"Anti-CEACAM5 Antibody-Drug Conjugate SAR408701","code":"C117229","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of anti-carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) conjugated to a cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CEACAM5 antibody-drug conjugate SAR408701, the antibody moiety targets CEACAM5 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases the cytotoxic agent, which results in tumor cell death. CEACAM5, a member of the CEA family of proteins that plays a key role in cell migration, cell invasion, and cell adhesion, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SAR408701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM5 Antibody-Drug Conjugate SAR408701","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM5 Antibody-Drug Conjugate SAR408701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR408701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474097"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762948"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762948"}]}}{"C120068":{"preferredName":"Anti-CEACAM6 AFAIKL2 Antibody Fragment/Jack Bean Urease Immunoconjugate L-DOS47","code":"C120068","definitions":[{"description":"A lyophilized formulation of DOS47, an immunoconjugate composed of AFAIKL2, a recombinant camelid single-domain antibody which recognizes carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6), and the enzyme urease derived from the plant Canavalia ensiformis (Jack bean), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the AFAIKL2 antibody fragment moiety of L-DOS47 specifically targets and binds to CEACAM6 expressed on certain tumor cells. In turn, the urease moiety of L-DOS47 catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into ammonia, which is further hydrolyzed to produce hydroxyl ions, and causes a locally increased concentration of the toxic waste product ammonia, which under normal conditions is converted into the nontoxic substance urea via the urea cycle. This increases the pH of the tumor microenvironment and alkalinizes the highly acidic environment that is needed for cancer cell survival and proliferation. In addition, the ammonia diffuses into cancer cells and exerts a cytotoxic effect. Altogether, this leads to cell death of CEACAM6-expressing cancer cells. The naturally-occurring enzyme urease catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. CEACAM6, a tumor-associated antigen and CEA family member, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cells and plays a key role in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM6 AFAIKL2 Antibody Fragment/Jack Bean Urease Immunoconjugate L-DOS47","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM6 AFAIKL2 Antibody Fragment/Jack Bean Urease Immunoconjugate L-DOS47","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-DOS47","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896827"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C159609":{"preferredName":"Anti-CEACAM6 Antibody BAY1834942","code":"C159609","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immune checkpoint regulator carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6; CEACAM-6; CD66c), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CEACAM6 antibody BAY1834942 targets, binds to and blocks the activity of CEACAM6 expressed on various tumor and immune cells, including T-cells. Blocking CEACAM6 signaling abrogates effector T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes, increases secretion of T-cell cytokines and effector molecules, and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which results in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. CEACAM6, an immune checkpoint receptor, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression. Elevated CEACAM6 expression is associated with advanced tumor stages and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM6 Antibody BAY1834942","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM6 Antibody BAY1834942","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1834942","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1834942","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1834942","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797774"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797774"}]}}{"C114286":{"preferredName":"Anti-CLDN6 Monoclonal Antibody ASP1650","code":"C114286","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface protein claudin 6 (CLDN6), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CLDN6 monoclonal antibody ASP1650 binds to CLDN-6 and may stimulate the immune system to exert both an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and a complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) mediated immune response against CLDN-6-expressing tumor cells. This may inhibit tumor cell growth. CLDN-6, a tight-junction protein and embryonic antigen, is expressed on a variety of tumor cells but is not expressed on normal, healthy adult cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP 1650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-1650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP1650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CLDN6 Monoclonal Antibody ASP1650","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CLDN6 Monoclonal Antibody ASP1650","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Claudin 6 Monoclonal Antibody ASP1650","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMAB027","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471794"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757981"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757981"}]}}{"C148141":{"preferredName":"Anti-CLEC12A/CD3 Bispecific Antibody MCLA117","code":"C148141","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific human monoclonal antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human C-type lectin domain family 12 member A (CLEC12A), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on certain tumor cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CLEC12A/CD3 bispecific antibody MCLA117 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and CLEC12A expressed on malignant cells, such as myeloid blasts, atypical progenitor cells and leukemic stem cells (LSCs). This results in the cross-linking of T-cells with tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CLEC12A-expressing tumor cells. CLEC12A, a myeloid differentiation antigen and member of the C-type lectin/C-type lectin-like domain (CTL/CTLD) superfamily, is overexpressed on myeloid leukemia cells, but not on normal early hematopoietic progenitors, including hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CLEC12A x CD3 Bispecific Antibody MCLA117","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CLEC12A/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody MCLA117","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CLEC12A/CD3 Bispecific Antibody MCLA117","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CLEC12A/CD3 Bispecific Antibody MCLA117","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody MCLA-117","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA 117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA-117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550807"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792475"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792475"}]}}{"C159536":{"preferredName":"Anti-CLEVER-1 Monoclonal Antibody FP-1305","code":"C159536","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against common lymphatic endothelial and vascular endothelial receptor-1 (CLEVER-1; stabilin-1; FEEL-1), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLEVER-1 monoclonal antibody FP-1305 targets and binds to CLEVER-1 that is expressed on tumor endothelial cells. This prevents the recruitment, infiltration and attachment of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) at the tumor site. By preventing the binding of TAMs to tumor cells, the infiltration of activated T-regulatory cells (Tregs) to the tumor and the TAM-mediated immune suppression is abrogated, leading to the polarization of TAM from the immunosuppressive M2 macrophages to the anti-inflammatory and immunostimulatory M1 macrophages. This leads to the activation of the immune system, resulting in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response and inhibition of tumor cell growth and metastasis. CLEVER-1 is an endothelial cell surface molecule involved in immune suppression, cancer growth and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CLEVER-1 Monoclonal Antibody FP-1305","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-stabilin-1 Monoclonal Antibody FP-1305","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clevegen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FP 1305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FP-1305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FP1305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797468"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797468"}]}}{"C131301":{"preferredName":"Anti-CSF1 Monoclonal Antibody PD-0360324","code":"C131301","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against the cytokine colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1; CSF-1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor; M-CSF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CSF1 monoclonal antibody PD-0360324 targets, binds to and neutralizes CSF1. This prevents the binding of CSF1 to its receptor CSF1R (CD115; M-CSFR), which is expressed on various immune cells, such as monocytes and macrophages. This prevents CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling in these cells; this inhibits monocyte differentiation, blocks the activity of macrophages, and reduces their production of inflammatory mediators, which reduces inflammation. By blocking the activity and proliferation of CSF1R-dependent tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment, PD-0360324 reduces TAM-mediated immune suppression, decreases regulatory T-cells (Tregs), re-activates the immune system, and improves anti-tumor cell responses mediated by increasing infiltration by cytotoxic T-cells. TAMs play key roles in immune suppression, and tumor cell proliferation and survival. CSF-1 plays a key role in the regulation of the proliferation, differentiation and survival of monocytes and macrophages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CSF1 Monoclonal Antibody PD-0360324","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CSF1 Monoclonal Antibody PD-0360324","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-M-CSF mAb PD-0360324","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 0360324","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 360324","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-0360324","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-360,324","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514242"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C96801":{"preferredName":"Anti-CSF1R Monoclonal Antibody IMC-CS4","code":"C96801","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. CSF1R monoclonal antibody IMC-CS4 binds to CSF1R which may trigger antitumoral antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in tumor cells overexpressing CSF1R. CSF1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (Cluster of Differentiation 115), is a cell-surface receptor for its ligand colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1); this receptor is overexpressed or mutated in certain tumor cell types and plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CSF1R Monoclonal Antibody IMC-CS4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CSF1R Monoclonal Antibody IMC-CS4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-CS4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3022855","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429408"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700191"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700191"}]}}{"C155813":{"preferredName":"Anti-CSF1R Monoclonal Antibody SNDX-6352","code":"C155813","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CSF1R monoclonal antibody SNDX-6352 binds to the ligand binding domain of CSF-1R, preventing binding and consequent activation by its natural ligands, IL-34 and colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1). Inhibition of CSF-1R activation may disrupt the activity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which promote initiation and metastasis of tumor cells, inhibit T-cell responses, and stimulate tumor angiogenesis and disease progression. CSF-1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and cluster of differentiation 115 (CD115), is a tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in the regulation, proliferation, survival and differentiation of tissue macrophages as well as TAMs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CSF1R Monoclonal Antibody SNDX-6352","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CSF1R Monoclonal Antibody SNDX-6352","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-M-CSFR Monoclonal Antibody SNDX-6352","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNDX 6352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNDX-6352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNDX6352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCB6352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556346"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794081"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794081"}]}}{"C92577":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTGF Monoclonal Antibody FG-3019","code":"C92577","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody targeting connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) with potential anti-fibrotic and antineoplastic activities. FG-3019 binds to CTGF thereby preventing the binding of the ligand to the receptor and subsequent receptor activation. As CTGF enhances the production of collagen and fibronectin, FG-319 may prevent and reverse fibrosis. In addition, FG-3019 may prevent tumor cell proliferation in CTGF-expressing tumor cells. CTGF, a member of the CCN family (CTGF, CYR61/CEF and NOV), is expressed in a variety of tumor cell types and is involved in processes such as cell proliferation, cell migration, cell adhesion, differentiation and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTGF Monoclonal Antibody FG-3019","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CTGF Monoclonal Antibody FG-3019","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Connective Tissue Growth Factor Monoclonal Antibody FG-3019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FG-3019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2985186"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683932"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683932"}]}}{"C162505":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ADU-1604","code":"C162505","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody ADU-1604 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADU 1604","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADU-1604","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADU1604","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ADU-1604","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504706"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798657"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798657"}]}}{"C158557":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody AGEN1181","code":"C158557","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-engineered recombinant human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody AGEN1181 binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system. The engineered Fc domain increases the stability and half-life of the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGEN 1181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN-1181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN1181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody AGEN1181","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody AGEN1181","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938004"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797474"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797474"}]}}{"C156734":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody BCD-145","code":"C156734","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody BCD-145 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody BCD-145","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD 145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD-145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935901"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795594"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795594"}]}}{"C150679":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody MK-1308","code":"C150679","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA4 monoclonal antibody MK-1308 targets and binds to CTLA4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody MK-1308","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody MK-1308","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 1308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-1308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK1308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552570"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793094"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793094"}]}}{"C159764":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody REGN4659","code":"C159764","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody REGN4659 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody REGN4659","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody REGN4659","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 4659","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-4659","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN4659","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797920"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797920"}]}}{"C159530":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4/LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb22841","code":"C159530","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-engineered bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4) and lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3; LAG-3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4/LAG-3 bispecific antibody XmAb22841 targets and binds to both CTLA-4 and LAG-3 expressed on T-cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Both CTLA-4 and LAG-3 are inhibitory receptors and members of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF); they are overexpressed by regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the TME where they downregulate T-cell activation and proliferation. Dual checkpoint blockade of CTLA-4 and LAG-3 with XmAb22841 may enhance T-cell activation and proliferation more than the blockade of either immune checkpoint receptor alone. The engineered Fc domain increases the stability and half-life of the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4/Anti-LAG-3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody XmAb22841","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4/LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb22841","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4/LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb22841","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTLA-4 x LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb22841","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb 22841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb-22841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb22841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797814"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797814"}]}}{"C157494":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4/OX40 Bispecific Antibody ATOR-1015","code":"C157494","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody consisting of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitory protein fused to an OX40 agonistic human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4/OX40 bispecific antibody ATOR-1015 simultaneously binds to CTLA-4 and OX40, which may inhibit CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and induce proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes via OX40 activation. Both CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), and OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), are overexpressed by regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment. ATOR-1015 may reduce the number of Tregs and promote the activation of effector T-cells, thereby enhancing the immune-mediated anti-tumor response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC 1015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC-1015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC1015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATOR 1015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATOR-1015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATOR1015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4/OX40 Bispecific Antibody ATOR-1015","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTLA-4 x OX40 Bispecific Antibody ATOR-1015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937070"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796793"}]}}{"C135633":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA4 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986218","code":"C135633","definitions":[{"description":"A Fc-modified monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA4 monoclonal antibody BMS-986218 targets and binds to CTLA4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system. Removal of the fucose sugar units from the antibody's Fc region, enhances its activity and decreases the toxicity of BMS-986218.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA4 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986218","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA4 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986218","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986218","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986218","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986218","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522988"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C131572":{"preferredName":"Anti-CXCR4 Monoclonal Antibody PF-06747143","code":"C131572","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) against C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CXCR4 mAb PF-06747143 binds to CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to CXCR4 and inhibiting CXCR4 activation. This results in decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-expressing tumor cells. In addition, PF-06747143 promotes cell death through the induction of both complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, is upregulated in several tumor cell types and plays an important role in cancer cell proliferation, survival, and chemotaxis, and in tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CXCR4 IgG1 Antibody PF-06747143","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CXCR4 Monoclonal Antibody PF-06747143","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CXCR4 Monoclonal Antibody PF-06747143","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06747143","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06747143","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514243"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786269"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786269"}]}}{"C99123":{"preferredName":"Anti-DKK-1 Monoclonal Antibody LY2812176","code":"C99123","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the WNT antagonist dickkopf homolog 1 (DKK1), with potential anti-osteolytic activity. Anti-DKK1 monoclonal antibody LY2812176 binds to and inhibits DKK1, thereby restoring signaling through the WNT pathway, which may result in osteoblast differentiation and activation within the bone matrix and the reversal of tumor-induced osteolytic disease. DKK1, overexpressed by myeloma cells, is an inhibitor of the WNT signaling pathway and prevents the mediated formation of bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DKK-1 Monoclonal Antibody LY2812176","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-DKK-1 Monoclonal Antibody LY2812176","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2812176","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY2812176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432944"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RM898LZ4SI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715663"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715663"}]}}{"C80040":{"preferredName":"Anti-DKK1 Monoclonal Antibody BHQ880","code":"C80040","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against Wnt antagonist Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) with potential anti-osteolytic activity. Anti-DKK1 monoclonal antibody BHQ880 binds to and inhibits DKK1, enhancing signaling through the Wnt pathway, which may result in osteoblast differentiation and activation within the bone matrix and the reversal of tumor-induced osteolytic disease. DKK1 is a potent Wnt signaling pathway antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DKK1 Monoclonal Antibody BHQ880","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-DKK1 Monoclonal Antibody BHQ880","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BHQ-880","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BHQ-880","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BHQ880","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703201"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IS3ESI44W5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614254"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614254"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-DKK1_Monoclonal_Antibody_BHQ880"}]}}{"C147027":{"preferredName":"Anti-DLL3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 757","code":"C147027","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) delta-like protein 3 (DLL3) fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-DLL3/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 757, this bispecific antibody binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the DLL3 antigen found on DLL3-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to DLL3-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of DLL3-expressing tumor cells. DLL3, a Notch pathway protein, is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types. It plays a key role in embryonic development and in tumor initiation and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 757","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-757","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG757","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-DLL3 x Anti-CD3 BiTE AMG 757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-DLL3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 757","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-DLL3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 757","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DLL3/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545042"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792376"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792376"}]}}{"C101521":{"preferredName":"Anti-DLL4 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0639","code":"C101521","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin G1 lambda monoclonal antibody directed against the Notch ligand delta-like 4 (DLL4) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-DLL4 monoclonal antibody MEDI0639 specifically binds to DLL4 and prevents its interaction with Notch receptors, thereby inhibiting Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, which may block tumor angiogenesis and eventually the inhibition of tumor cell growth. Activation of Notch receptors by DLL4 stimulates proteolytic cleavage of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD); after cleavage, NICD is translocated to the nucleus and mediates the transcriptional regulation of a variety of genes involved in vascular development. The expression of DLL4 is highly restricted to the vascular endothelium; DLL4/Notch signaling is required for the development of functional tumor blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DLL4 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0639","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-DLL4 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0639","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI0639","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435778"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732226"}]}}{"C119620":{"preferredName":"Navicixizumab","code":"C119620","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against both the Notch ligand delta-like 4 (DLL4) and the human tyrosine kinase vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. The anti-DLL4 moiety of navicixizumab specifically binds to DLL4, prevents its interaction with Notch receptors, and inhibits Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, which may both block tumor angiogenesis and inhibit tumor cell growth. The anti-VEGF moiety binds to VEGF and prevents the binding of VEGF to its receptor, which blocks VEGF-mediated signaling and further inhibits the growth and maintenance of tumor blood vessels. The expression of DLL4 is highly restricted to the vascular endothelium; DLL4/Notch signaling is required for the development of functional tumor blood vessels. The expression of the pro-angiogenic growth factor VEGF is associated with tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G2-kappa, Anti-(Homo sapiens DLL4(delta-like 4)) and Anti-(Homo sapiens VEGFA (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A,VEGF-a, VEGF)), Humanized and Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody, Bispecific","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAVICIXIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Navicixizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Navicixizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP 305B83","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP-305B83","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP305B83","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896797"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1638338-43-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1W14T9L25W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766887"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766887"}]}}{"C78826":{"preferredName":"Anti-DR5 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody TRA-8","code":"C78826","definitions":[{"description":"An agonist mouse monoclonal antibody directed against TRAIL death receptor type 5 (DR5) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-DR5 agonist monoclonal antibody TRA-8 binds DR5, which may induce apoptosis in DR5-expressing tumor cells. DR5 is a tumor cell surface ligand that crosslinks with death receptor type 4 (DR4) when bound by TRAIL [Tumor necrosis (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand], triggering apoptosis via a death receptor signaling pathway. The apoptotic activity of this antibody may not require DR4/DR5 crosslinking.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DR5 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody TRA-8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-death Receptor 5 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody TRA-8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRA-8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387674"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601797"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601797"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-DR5_Agonist_Monoclonal_Antibody_TRA-8"}]}}{"C121158":{"preferredName":"Anti-DR5 Agonistic Antibody DS-8273a","code":"C121158","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against human death receptor type 5 (DR5), also called tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor 2, with potential pro-apoptotic and antitumor activities. Upon administration, anti-DR5 agonistic antibody DS-8273a mimics the natural receptor ligand TRAIL and binds to DR5. This activates DR5 and leads to the activation of the death receptor signal pathway, which results in the activation of caspase cascades, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a reduction in proliferation of DR5-expressing tumor cells. DR5, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, is expressed on the surfaces of a variety of tumor cells and plays a key role in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DR5 Agonistic Antibody DS-8273a","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-DR5 Agonistic Antibody DS-8273a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS 8273","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-8273a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471819"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C157062":{"preferredName":"Anti-DR5 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody INBRX-109","code":"C157062","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized, agonistic, tetravalent monoclonal antibody directed against human death receptor type 5 (DR5), also called tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor 2 (TRAILR2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, INBRX-109 specifically binds to exactly four DR5 receptors per molecule, which mimics the interaction of DR5 with its natural ligand TRAIL. This activates DR5 and the death receptor signaling pathway, which results in the activation of caspase cascades, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a reduction in proliferation of DR5-expressing tumor cells. Utilizing a tetravalent monoclonal antibody may overcome the challenge of generating effective DR5 clustering while avoiding toxicities associated with anti-drug antibody (ADA) hyper-clustering. DR5, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on the surfaces of a variety of tumor cells and plays a key role in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DR5 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody INBRX-109","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-DR5 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody INBRX-109","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX 109","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX-109","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX109","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936041"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796494"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796494"}]}}{"C71749":{"preferredName":"Anti-Denatured Collagen Monoclonal Antibody TRC093","code":"C71749","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, affinity-matured IgG1k antibody directed against denatured collagens (I-IV) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-denatured collagen recombinant monoclonal antibody TRC093 binds to multiple epitopes on denatured collagens, inhibiting proteolytic collagen-mediated signaling in the extracellular matrix (ECM) that is important to tumor angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. The epitopes on denatured collagen bound by this antibody are considered cryptic because, in vivo, they are accessible only on the subendothelial basement membrane of tumors or in normal tissues undergoing neovascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Denatured Collagen Monoclonal Antibody TRC093","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D93","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT293","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376136"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560174"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560174"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_Humanized_IgG1k_Monoclonal_Antibody_TRC093"}]}}{"C155876":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody CPGJ 602","code":"C155876","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody CPGJ 602 targets and binds to EGFR, which prevents receptor dimerization and activation. This leads to an inhibition of EGFR-dependent downstream pathways and EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, may be overexpressed on the surfaces of various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody CPGJ 602","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPGJ 602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPGJ-602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPGJ602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562684"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794677"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794677"}]}}{"C2714":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody EMD 55900","code":"C2714","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exhibiting anti-tumor activity. EMD 55900 antibody binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR close to the EGF binding domain and does not induce any tyrosine kinase activity on its own. As a result, EMD 55900 binding inhibits receptor activation by natural ligands thereby interrupting activation of downstream signaling cascade, required for tumor cell growth and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody EMD 55900","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 55 900","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 55900","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mab 425","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 425","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512123"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"EMD_55900"}]}}{"C120316":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody GC1118","code":"C120316","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, human monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, GC1118 binds to and blocks the ligand binding site of EGFR, which prevents receptor dimerization and activation. This may lead to an inhibition of both EGFR-dependent downstream pathways and EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, may be overexpressed on the surfaces of various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody GC1118","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC1118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896855"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768860"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768860"}]}}{"C94221":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody GT-MAB 5.2-GEX","code":"C94221","definitions":[{"description":"A glycoengineered form of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody GT-MAB 5.2-GEX specifically binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, thereby potentially inducing an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against EGFR-expressing tumor cells, eventually leading to tumor cell apoptosis and an inhibition of tumor cell growth. EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor family of extracellular protein ligands, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumors. This antibody has a specific glycosylation profile that may enhance its ADCC response against EGFR-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody GT-MAB 5.2-GEX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CetuGEX","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426034"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687632"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687632"}]}}{"C163981":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody HLX-07","code":"C163981","definitions":[{"description":"A glycoengineered humanized version of the monoclonal antibody of cetuximab, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody HLX-07 selectively targets and binds to the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor. This may prevent EGFR-mediated signaling and inhibit EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. In addition, the glyco-optimization promotes antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor family of extracellular protein ligands, may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of certain tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody HLX-07","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetuximab Biobetter HLX07","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX 07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX-07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799130"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799130"}]}}{"C99899":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody Mixture MM-151","code":"C99899","definitions":[{"description":"An oligoclonal therapeutic composed of three fully human monoclonal antibodies targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or ErbB1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of MM-151, the three antibodies bind to distinct, non-overlapping epitopes of EGFR, thereby preventing the binding of a full range of both high and low affinity EGFR ligands and inhibiting EGFR-ERK-mediated signaling. This eventually inhibits tumor cell proliferation in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. Furthermore, multi antibody-antigen bindings cause crosslinking of EGFR and downregulate receptor signalings that are mediated via heterodimerization of EGFR with other members of the EGFR family. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, is a key regulator of cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody Mixture MM-151","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody Mixture MM-151","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3275035"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724591"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724591"}]}}{"C78838":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody RO5083945","code":"C78838","definitions":[{"description":"A glycoengineered monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody RO5083945 binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor; the decrease in receptor activation and dimerization may result in an inhibition of downstream ERK and JNK signaling pathways and so inhibition of EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor family of extracellular protein ligands, may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody RO5083945","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody RO5083945","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibody RO5083945","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387675"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609889"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609889"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-EGFR_Monoclonal_Antibody_RO5083945"}]}}{"C117726":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody SCT200","code":"C117726","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody SCT200 targets EGFR, prevents the activation and subsequent dimerization of this receptor and inhibits both EGFR-mediated signal transduction and cellular proliferation of EGFR-expressing tumor cells. In addition, SCT200 may induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against EGFR-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody SCT200","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCT200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474121"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763740"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763740"}]}}{"C121550":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody SYN004","code":"C121550","definitions":[{"description":"A glyco-engineered monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody SYN004 binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, which prevents ligand binding and the subsequent activation and dimerization of the receptor. This inhibits the activation of EGFR-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. EGFR, a member of the EGFR receptor tyrosine kinase family, may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody SYN004","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody SYN004","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYN004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053588"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770314"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770314"}]}}{"C111906":{"preferredName":"Laprituximab Emtansine","code":"C111906","definitions":[{"description":"A targeted antibody payload (TAP)-based immunoconjugate consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) conjugated, via a nonreducible thioether linker (succinimidyl trans-4-(maleimidylmethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate or SMCC), to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid mertansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of laprituximab emtansine binds to and inhibits EGFR on tumor cell surfaces. Inhibition of EGFR prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. After internalization, the mertansine moiety binds to tubulin and interferes with microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. This inhibits both cell division and the proliferation of cancer cells that express EGFR. EGFR, overexpressed by a variety of cancers, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. Linkage of the antibody and drug, through a nonreducible linker, appears to contribute to the improved efficacy and reduced toxicity of this antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) compared to similar ADCs constructed with reducible linkers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR-SMCC-DM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN289","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAPRITUXIMAB EMTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Laprituximab Emtansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Laprituximab Emtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454236"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1622327-37-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7J0LQD86OG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753683"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753683"}]}}{"C148507":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate AVID100","code":"C148507","definitions":[{"description":"A targeted antibody drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) conjugated to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid mertansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of AVID100 binds to and inhibits EGFR on tumor cell surfaces. Inhibition of EGFR prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. Following receptor internalization, the mertansine moiety binds to tubulin and interferes with microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. This inhibits both cell division and proliferation of cancer cells that express EGFR. EGFR, overexpressed by a variety of cancers, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC AVID100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVID100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate AVID100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate AVID100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate AVID100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551039"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792639"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792639"}]}}{"C131175":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR/HER2/HER3 Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym013","code":"C131175","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody mixture composed of six humanized, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibodies directed against three members of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; HER) family: EGFR (HER1; ErbB1), HER2 (ErbB2) and HER3 (ErbB3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-EGFR/HER2/HER3 monoclonal antibody mixture Sym013, the six antibodies bind to non-overlapping epitopes on EGFR, HER2 and HER3, which prevents both ligand binding and receptor activation, and induce simultaneous down-modulation of EGFR, HER2 and HER3. This inhibits the activation of HER-dependent signaling pathways and HER-dependent tumor cell proliferation. Overexpression of the HER family plays a key role in many cancers; targeting multiple HER family members simultaneously may increase therapeutic efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/HER2/HER3 Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym013","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/HER2/HER3 Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym013","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-HER mAb Mixture Sym013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym-013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-HER Antibody Mixture Sym013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513501"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785503"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785503"}]}}{"C150590":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR/PBD Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-321","code":"C150590","definitions":[{"description":"A antibody drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of ABT-806 AM1, an affinity-matured humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) conjugated to a cytotoxic, DNA minor groove crosslinking agent and pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of Anti-EGFR/PBD ADC ABBV-321, the monoclonal antibody moiety of ABBV-321 targets and binds to EGFR on tumor cell surfaces. Following receptor internalization and lysosome-mediated cleavage, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. In turn, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is overexpressed by a variety of cancers, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC ABBV-321","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/PBD ADC ABBV-321","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/PBD Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-321","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552328"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793472"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793472"}]}}{"C158085":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody EMB-01","code":"C158085","definitions":[{"description":"A human, Fabs-in-tandem immunoglobulin (FIT-Ig)-based, tetravalent, bispecific antibody targeting both the epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR and the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; c-Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition; cMet; c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EGFR/c-Met bispecific antibody EMB-01 simultaneously targets and binds to wild-type or certain mutant forms of both EGFR and c-Met expressed on cancer cells, thereby preventing receptor phosphorylation. This prevents the activation of both EGFR- and c-Met-mediated signaling pathways and results in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. EGFR and c-Met, both upregulated or mutated in a variety of tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation. In EMB-01, the two antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) are fused directly in a crisscross orientation resulting in four active and independent antigen binding sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/Anti-c-Met Bispecific Antibody EMB-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody EMB-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody EMB-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-cMET/EGFR Bispecific Antibody EMB-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody EMB-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMB 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMB-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMB01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIT-013a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937694"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797352"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797352"}]}}{"C124993":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody JNJ-61186372","code":"C124993","definitions":[{"description":"A human bispecific antibody targeting both epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; cMet), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EGFR/c-Met bispecific antibody JNJ-61186372 simultaneously targets and binds to wild-type or certain mutant forms of both EGFR and cMet expressed on cancer cells, thereby preventing receptor phosphorylation. This prevents the activation of both EGFR- and cMet-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, binding results in receptor degradation, which further inhibits EGFR- and cMet-mediated signaling. JNJ-61186372 also causes antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Altogether, this results in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. EGFR and cMet, both upregulated or mutated in a variety of tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody JNJ-61186372","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody JNJ-61186372","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-61186372","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"JNJ-61186372","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503840"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0JSR7Z0NB6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777269"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777269"}]}}{"C99222":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFRvIII Antibody Drug Conjugate AMG 595","code":"C99222","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the deletion-mutant of epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFRvIII, conjugated via a non-cleavable linker to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid DM1, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of this immunoconjugate binds to EGFRvIII on tumor cell surfaces. After internalization, the DM1 moiety binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics and inhibiting cell division and the proliferation of cancer cells that express the EGFRvIII mutant. EGFRvIII, a deletion mutation of exons 2-7 in the epidermal growth factor receptor gene, is overexpressed by a variety of cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme, non-small lung carcinoma, and breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 595","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII Antibody Drug Conjugate AMG 595","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII Antibody Drug Conjugate AMG 595","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII-DM1 Immunoconjugate AMG 595","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274618"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"718917"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"718917"}]}}{"C88307":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFRvIII Immunotoxin MR1-1","code":"C88307","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant immunotoxin consisting of single-chain variable domain fragment antibody directed against the tumor-specific antigen EGFRvIII (MR1scFv) fused to domains II and III of the Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE38KDEL), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of anti-EGFRvIII immunotoxin MR1-1 binds to EGFRvIII; upon internalization, the exotoxin portion inhibits protein synthesis, resulting in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation of EGFRvIII- expressing tumor cells. EGFRvIII, a type III in-frame deletion mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, is expressed by a variety of cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme, non-small lung carcinoma, and breast carcinoma. Compared to intact IgG antibodies, single-chain antibodies such as MR1scFv are smaller and may penetrate tumors better. Pseudomonas exotoxin PE38KDEL was modified to remove the natural cell binding domain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII Immunotoxin MR1-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII Immunotoxin MR1-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MR1-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MR1-1KDEL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MR1scFvPE38KDEL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413562"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659598"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659598"}]}}{"C146824":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFRvIII/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 596","code":"C146824","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary recombinant bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one that is directed against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) deletion-mutant form, EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII), and one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-EGFRvIII/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 596, the bispecific antibody binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and EGFRvIII found on EGFRvIII-expressing tumor cells. This activates and crosslinks CTLs with EGFRvIII-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of EGFRvIII-expressing tumor cells. EGFRvIII, a mutation in the EGFR gene where exons 2-7 have been deleted, is overexpressed by a variety of cancers, but is absent in normal, healthy cells. It plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis and resistance to both radio- and chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII x Anti-CD3 Bi-specific T-cell Engager AMG 596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 596","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 596","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific BITE Antibody AMG 596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFRvIII specific BiTE Antibody AMG 596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544854"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792074"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792074"}]}}{"C90551":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGP-2 Immunotoxin MOC31-PE","code":"C90551","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotoxin consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against epithelial glycoprotein-2 (EP-2, or epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)) conjugated to the bacterial toxin Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-EGP-2 immunotoxin MOC31-PE, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to EP-2. Upon internalization, the Pseudomonas exotoxin A moiety then inactivates elongation factor 2 (EF-2) through ADP ribosylation, resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis in EP-2-expressing cells. EP-2, a tumor-associated antigen, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGP-2 Immunotoxin MOC31-PE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Epithelial Glycoprotein-2 Immunotoxin MOC31-PE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOC31-PE","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416235"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666058"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666058"}]}}{"C102980":{"preferredName":"Anti-ENPP3 Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16C3F","code":"C102980","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a fully human monoclonal antibody (AGS-16C) directed to the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3 (ENPP3), conjugated via a non-cleavable linker to monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, that has potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of ADC AGS-16C3F, the monoclonal antibody moiety of this conjugate selectively binds to ENPP3 then is internalized and undergoes proteolytic cleavage to release MMAF. MMAF binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. While normally expressed at low levels in the proximal tubules of the kidney, the type II transmembrane glycoprotein ENPP3 has been found to be overexpressed in renal neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC AGS-16C3F","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGS-16C3F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ENPP3 Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16C3F","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ENPP3 Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16C3F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437217"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739766"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739766"}]}}{"C116626":{"preferredName":"Anti-ENPP3/MMAF Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16M8F","code":"C116626","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G2k monoclonal antibody (AGS-16C) directed against the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3 (ENPP3, NPP3, B10, PDNP3 CD203c, or PD-IBETA ), conjugated, via the non-cleavable maleimidocaproyl (mc) linker, to monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of anti-ENPP3/MMAF ADC AGS-16M8F, the monoclonal antibody moiety selectively binds to ENPP3 expressed on tumor cells; upon internalization, the ADC is degraded by lysosomal proteases and MMAF is released. In turn, MMAF binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. While normally expressed at low levels in the proximal tubules of the kidney, the type II transmembrane glycoprotein ENPP3 is overexpressed in most renal neoplasms and some liver cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS-16M8F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ENPP3/MMAF Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16M8F","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ENPP3/MMAF Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16M8F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421575"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673092"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673092"}]}}{"C116742":{"preferredName":"Anti-ETBR/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DEDN6526A","code":"C116742","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody against anti-endothelin B receptor (ETBR) and covalently linked to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of DEDN6526A binds to ETBR-expressing tumor cells and is internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Proteolytic cleavage releases MMAE, which then binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. ETBR, a G-protein coupled receptor that can activate RAF/MEK signaling, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DEDN6526A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ETBR/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DEDN6526A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ETBR/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DEDN6526A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEDN6526A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433966"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724717"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724717"}]}}{"C133022":{"preferredName":"Anti-Ep-CAM Monoclonal Antibody ING-1","code":"C133022","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM; EpCAM; CD326), with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration, anti-Ep-CAM monoclonal antibody ING-1 binds to Ep-CAM, which may result in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against Ep-CAM-expressing tumor cells. Ep-CAM, a cell surface protein upregulated on many tumor cell types, promotes the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Ep-CAM Monoclonal Antibody ING-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ING 1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ING-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328238"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357603"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357603"}]}}{"C136981":{"preferredName":"Anti-EphA2 Antibody-directed Liposomal Docetaxel Prodrug MM-310","code":"C136981","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation containing nanoparticles composed of liposomes that are conjugated to scFv antibody fragments directed against the ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2; Ephrin A2) and a proprietary prodrug of docetaxel, a poorly water-soluble, second-generation taxane analog, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the anti-EphA2 antibody-directed liposomal docetaxel prodrug MM-310, the anti-EphA2 moiety selectively targets and binds to cells expressing EphI3:I12A2. Following accumulation of MM-310, docetaxel is slowly released from MM-310 and accumulates at the tumor site due to the unique characteristics of the tumor vasculature. In turn, docetaxel is taken up by tumor cells, where it binds to and stabilizes the beta-subunit of tubulin, thereby stabilizing microtubules and inhibiting microtubule disassembly. This results in cell cycle arrest and the induction of cell death. The cell-surface receptor EphA2, a member of the ephrin family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that are involved in mammalian development, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor growth; its expression is associated with poor prognosis. Compared to free docetaxel, MM-310 increases docetaxel's half-life, and provides enhanced and specific accumulation in EphA2-expressing tumors, thereby increasing docetaxel's efficacy while lowering its systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EphA2 Antibody-directed Liposomal Docetaxel Prodrug MM-310","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EphA2 Antibody-directed Liposomal Docetaxel Prodrug MM-310","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EphA2 Antibody-targeted Nanoliposome MM-310","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EphA2 Docetaxel-based Nanoliposome MM-310","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EphA2-targeted Docetaxel Nanoliposome MM-310","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM 310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524774"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789748"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789748"}]}}{"C118447":{"preferredName":"Anti-EphA2 Monoclonal Antibody DS-8895a","code":"C118447","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EphA2 monoclonal antibody DS-8895a selectively binds to cells expressing the EphA2 receptor. This blocks EphA2 activation and EphA2-mediated signaling. In addition, DS-8895a may activate an immune response against EphA2-expressing tumor cells. The cell-surface receptor EphA2, a member of the ephrin family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that are involved in mammalian development, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EphA2 Monoclonal Antibody DS-8895a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-8895a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471759"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756010"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756010"}]}}{"C79836":{"preferredName":"Anti-EphA2 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAF Immunoconjugate MEDI-547","code":"C79836","definitions":[{"description":"An auristatin analogue immunoconjugate directed against Eph receptor A2 (EphA2)-positive cancer cells with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-EphA2 monoclonal antibody-MMAF immunoconjugate MEDI-547 is generated by conjugating the fully human IgG1 anti-EphA2 monoclonal antibody (1C1) to the small-molecule microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin phenylalanine (MMAF) via the stable linker maleimidocaproyl (mc) (1C1-mcMMAF). The monoclonal antibody moiety of this agent selectively binds to cells expressing the EphA2 receptor. After internalization and enzymatic cleavage of the immunoconjugate within the tumor cell cytosol, free MMAF binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. The cell-surface receptor EphA2, a member of the ephrin family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) involved in mammalian development, is overexpressed by a variety of different cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1C1-mcMMAF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EphA2 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAF Immunoconjugate MEDI-547","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EphA2 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAF Immunoconjugate MEDI-547","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medi-547","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703178"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629927"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629927"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-EphA2_Monoclonal_Antibody-MMAF_Immunoconjugate_MEDI-547"}]}}{"C85486":{"preferredName":"Anti-ErbB2/Anti-ErbB3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MM-111","code":"C85486","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptors ErbB2 (Her2) and ErbB3 (Her3) with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-ErB2 targeting arm of anti-ErbB2/anti-ErbB3 bispecific monoclonal antibody MM-111 binds to ErbB2 on tumor cells with high affinity while the anti-Erb3 therapeutic arm binds to ErbB3, which may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation in ErbB2-overexpressing tumor cells via inhibition of ErbB3-dependent signal transduction pathways. ErbB2 and ErB3 are members of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases and are frequently overexpressed in solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ErbB2/Anti-ErbB3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MM-111","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ErbB2/Anti-ErbB3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MM-111","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830144"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647542"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647542"}]}}{"C158746":{"preferredName":"Anti-ErbB3 Antibody ISU104","code":"C158746","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human antibody directed against the receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-3 (ErbB3; HER3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-ErbB3 antibody ISU104 targets and binds to domain 3 and weakly interacts with domain 1 of ErbB3. This prevents heregulin (HRG) binding and blocks dimerization of ErbB3, thereby inactivating ErbB3 downstream signaling. ISU104 may also elicit the internalization of ErbB3 from the plasma membrane and downregulate ErbB3 expression. This inhibits cellular proliferation and survival of ErbB3-expressing tumor cells. ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in a variety of tumors and its overexpression generally correlates with poor prognosis and tumor resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3 Antibody ISU104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER3 Antibody ISU104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISU 104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISU-104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISU104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797411"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797411"}]}}{"C102535":{"preferredName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody AV-203","code":"C102535","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) directed against the human receptor tyrosine-protein kinase ErbB-3 (HER3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-ErbB3 MoAb AV-203 binds to and inhibits both ligand neuregulin-1 (NRG-1)-dependent and ligand-independent ErbB3 activation, which may result in inhibition of ErbB3-dependent PI3K/Akt signaling and may lead to inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation. ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, is frequently overexpressed in solid tumors and its overexpression generally correlates with poor prognosis and tumor resistance; it has no active kinase domain itself but is activated through heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family that do.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AV-203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3 MoAb AV-203","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody AV-203","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody AV-203","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640798"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734410"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734410"}]}}{"C113333":{"preferredName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody CDX-3379","code":"C113333","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor ErbB3 (HER3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-ErbB3 monoclonal antibody CDX-3379 targets and binds to a unique epitope on ErbB3, thereby preventing ErbB3 phosphorylation and both ligand-dependent and ligand-independent ErbB3 signaling. This inhibits cellular proliferation and survival of ErbB3-expressing tumor cells. ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in a variety of tumors and its overexpression generally correlates with poor prognosis and tumor resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody CDX-3379","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody CDX-3379","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX 3379","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-3379","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX3379","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTN 3379","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTN-3379","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTN3379","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458161"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756069"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756069"}]}}{"C103859":{"preferredName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody REGN1400","code":"C103859","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor ErbB3 (Her3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-ErbB3 monoclonal antibody REGN1400 binds to ErbB3 and prevents neuregulin 1 ligand binding to ErbB3, which may result in an inhibition of ErbB3-dependent phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling. This eventually leads to the inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation. ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in a variety of solid tumors and its overexpression generally correlates with poor prognosis and tumor resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody REGN1400","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 1400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-1400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN1400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438337"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743118"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743118"}]}}{"C103863":{"preferredName":"Anti-ErbB3/Anti-IGF-1R Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MM-141","code":"C103863","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor ErbB3 (Her3) and the human insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-IGF-1R targeting arm of anti-IGF-1R/anti-ErbB3 bispecific monoclonal antibody MM-141 binds to IGF-1R on tumor cells thereby preventing the binding of the natural ligands IGF-1, 2 and heregulin (HRG) to IGF-1R; the anti-ErbB3 therapeutic arm prevents the binding of neuregulin (NRG) to ErbB3. This prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway and may result in both the induction of apoptosis and a decrease in cellular proliferation in IGF-1R and ErbB3-overexpressing tumor cells. IGF-1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase of the insulin receptor superfamily, and ErB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, are frequently overexpressed in solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3/Anti-IGF-1R Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MM-141","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3/Anti-IGF-1R Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MM-141","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-141","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641662"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743370"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743370"}]}}{"C129383":{"preferredName":"Anti-FAP/Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein RO6874281","code":"C129383","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fusion protein comprised of a human monoclonal antibody directed against fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAP) linked to an engineered, variant form of interleukin-2 (IL-2v), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of RO6874281, the monoclonal antibody moiety recognizes and binds to FAP, thereby concentrating IL-2 in FAP-expressing tumor tissue. Subsequently, the IL-2 moiety of this fusion protein may stimulate a local immune response and activate natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-cells. FAP is a cell surface protein that is expressed on a wide variety of cancer cells. IL-2v cannot bind to IL-2 receptor-alpha (CD25, IL2Ra) and does not activate regulatory T-cells (Tregs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-FAP/Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein RO6874281","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-FAP/Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein RO6874281","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAP-IL2v FP RO6874281","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAP-IL2v RO6874281","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 6874281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-6874281","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RO-6874281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO6874281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aFAP-IL2v RO6874281","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512652"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FL08SGO9XA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783990"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783990"}]}}{"C139549":{"preferredName":"Anti-FCRH5/CD3 BiTE Antibody BFCR4350A","code":"C139549","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary recombinant bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Fc receptor-like protein 5 (FCRH5; CD307; FCRL5; IRTA2; BXMAS1) and one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-FCRH5/CD3 BiTE antibody BFCR4350A, the bispecific antibody binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and FCRH5 found on FCRH5-expressing tumor cells. This activates and crosslinks CTLs with FCRH5-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of FCRH5-expressing tumor cells. FCRH5, an immune receptor translocation-associated protein/Fc receptor homolog (IRTA/FCRH) family member and a B-cell lineage marker, is overexpressed on myeloma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-FCRH5 x Anti-CD3 Bi-specific T-cell Engager BFCR4350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FCRH5/CD3 BiTE Antibody BFCR4350A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-FCRH5/CD3 BiTE Antibody BFCR4350A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FCRH5/CD3 TDB BFCR4350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BFCR-4350A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BFCR4350A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCRH5/CD3 T Cell Dependent Bispecific Antibody BFCR4350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCRH5/CD3 TDB Antibody BFCR4350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7187797","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Anti-FCRH5 x Anti-CD3 Bi-specific T-cell Engager BFCR4350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526909"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P86BHN01VE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791048"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791048"}]}}{"C107683":{"preferredName":"Anti-FGFR2 Antibody BAY1179470","code":"C107683","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2 (FGFR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-FGFR2 antibody BAY1179470 binds to and inhibits FGFR2, which may result in the inhibition of both FGFR2 phosphorylation and FGFR2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of cell death of FGFR2-expressing tumor cells. FGFR2, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase, which is essential to tumor cellular proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-FGFR2 Antibody BAY1179470","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1179470","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL451871"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751593"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751593"}]}}{"C123829":{"preferredName":"Anti-FGFR3 Antibody-drug Conjugate LY3076226","code":"C123829","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 3 (FGFR3) that is conjugated to an undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of anti-FGFR3 ADC LY3076226 binds to FGFR3. Upon internalization, the cytotoxic moiety causes cell death in FGFR3-expressing tumor cells. FGFR3, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC LY3076226","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FGFR3 ADC LY3076226","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FGFR3 Antibody-drug Conjugate LY3076226","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-FGFR3 Antibody-drug Conjugate LY3076226","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 Antibody-Drug Conjugate LY3076226","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3076226","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY3076226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498222"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GP2L3N7FIM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775899"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775899"}]}}{"C126334":{"preferredName":"Anti-FGFR4 Monoclonal Antibody U3-1784","code":"C126334","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody against human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, U3-1784 specifically binds to and blocks FGFR4. This prevents the activation of FGFR4, inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed by certain tumor cell types, is involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-FGFR4 Monoclonal Antibody U3-1784","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U3 1784","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U3-1784","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504900"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779617"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779617"}]}}{"C129937":{"preferredName":"Anti-FLT3 Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS62P1","code":"C129937","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT3 (FLT-3; FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3; CD135; fetal-liver kinase 2; FLK2) and conjugated, via an oxime linker and the site-directed non-natural amino acid linker para-acetyl-phenylalanine (pAcF), to a microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ADC AGS62P1, the antibody moiety targets and binds to FLT3. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the microtubule-targeting agent binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. The site-specific conjugation of the cytotoxic agent to the antibody, through pAcF, improves the biophysical properties of AGS62P1, increases payload distribution and stability, and optimizes its efficacy. FLT3, a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage, acute lymphoblastic leukemias and acute myeloid leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC AGS62P1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGS62P1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FLT3 Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS62P1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-FLT3 Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS62P1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513016"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785317"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785317"}]}}{"C129376":{"preferredName":"Anti-FLT3 Monoclonal Antibody 4G8-SDIEM","code":"C129376","definitions":[{"description":"A human, Fc-optimized, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor (CD135), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon binding to FLT3, anti-FLT3 monoclonal antibody 4G8-SDIEM blocks FLT3 ligand binding to FLT3 and subsequent phosphorylation of FLT3, which may result in the inhibition of FLT3-mediated signal transduction pathways. In addition, this agent may stimulate an anti-FLT3 antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against FLT3-expressing tumor cells, which may lead to the inhibition of cellular proliferation and decreased survival in FLT3-expressing cells. FLT3 (FLK2), a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage and acute myeloid leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4G8-SDIEM","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FLT3 Monoclonal Antibody 4G8-SDIEM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLYSYN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512340"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783748"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783748"}]}}{"C85453":{"preferredName":"Anti-FLT3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-EB10","code":"C85453","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human, IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor (CD135) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon binding to FLT3, anti-FLT3 monoclonal antibody IMC-EB10 blocks FLT3 ligand binding to FLT3 and subsequent FLT3 phosphorylation, which may result in the inhibition of FLT3-mediated signal transduction pathways. In addition, this agent may stimulate an anti-FLT3 antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against FLT3-expressing tumor cells, which may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and survival in FLT3-expressing cells. FLT3 (FLK2), a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage and acute myeloid leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-FLT3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-EB10","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-FLT3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-EB10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-EB10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830134"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642753"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642753"}]}}{"C156399":{"preferredName":"Anti-FLT3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 427","code":"C156399","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3; FLT3; FLT-3; CD135; fetal liver kinase-2; FLK2), fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-FLT3/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 427, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and FLT3 found on FLT3-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to FLT3-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of FLT3-expressing tumor cells. FLT3, a cytokine receptor belonging to the class III tyrosine kinase receptors, is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage and acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 427","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-427","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG427","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FLT3 x Anti-CD3 BiTE AMG 427","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FLT3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 427","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-FLT3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 427","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 427","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 427","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLT3/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 427","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563094"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795695"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795695"}]}}{"C158067":{"preferredName":"Anti-Folate Receptor-alpha Antibody Drug Conjugate STRO-002","code":"C158067","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) composed of SP8166 (H01), an anti-folate receptor alpha (FolRa; FOLR1) human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody, conjugated to a proprietary cleavable drug linker, SC239, containing a tubulin-targeting 3-aminophenyl hemiasterlin warhead, SC209, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the SP8166 antibody moiety targets and binds to FolRa expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization, and enzymatic cleavage, the cytotoxic SC209 moiety induces tumor cell death in FolRa-expressing cells. FolRa is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linked cell-surface glycoprotein that is widely expressed in certain cancers including serous and epithelial ovarian cancer, endometrial adenocarcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer and triple negative breast cancer. In contrast, FolRa expression is limited in normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-FolRa ADC STRO-002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FolRalpha ADC STRO-002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Folate Receptor-alpha Antibody Drug Conjugate STRO-002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Folate Receptor-alpha Antibody Drug Conjugate STRO-002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STRO 002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STRO-002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STRO002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937710"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797174"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797174"}]}}{"C101524":{"preferredName":"Indusatumab Vedotin","code":"C101524","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a monoclonal antibody directed against guanylyl cyclase C (GCC or GUCY2C) conjugated to monomethylauristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of indusatumab vedotin selectively binds to GCC, a transmembrane receptor normally found on intestinal cells and dopamine neurons in the brain, but is also overexpressed on the surface of gastrointestinal cancers. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis in GCC-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INDUSATUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Indusatumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indusatumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN0264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435781"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1514889-12-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3F0FR4W3H8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732254"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732254"}]}}{"C156707":{"preferredName":"Anti-GCC Antibody-Drug Conjugate TAK-164","code":"C156707","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of a full-length, fully-human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against the extracellular domain of guanylyl cyclase C (GCC; GUCY2C), conjugated using the peptide-linked indolino-benzodiazepine DNA alkylator DGN549 (IGN-P1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of TAK-164, the antibody moiety selectively binds to GCC-expressing cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the cytotoxic DGN549 payload is released and binds to guanine residues on opposing strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of GCC-expressing cells. GCC, a transmembrane receptor normally found on intestinal cells and dopamine neurons in the brain, is overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GCC ADC TAK-164","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GCC Antibody-Drug Conjugate TAK-164","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GCC Antibody-Drug Conjugate TAK-164","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK 164","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-164","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK164","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935871"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795729"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795729"}]}}{"C91383":{"preferredName":"Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-028","code":"C91383","definitions":[{"description":"A human IgM monoclonal antibody directed against disialoganglioside GD2 with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody MORAb-028 may stimulate the immune system to exert a complement-mediated cytotoxic response against GD2-expressing tumor cells. The glycosphingolipid GD2 is a tumor associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of many cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-028","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORAb-028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421587"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673996"}]}}{"C80042":{"preferredName":"Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody hu14.18K322A","code":"C80042","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against human glycosphingolipid GD2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon binding to the GD2 antigen, anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody hu14.18K322A triggers a host immune response against GD2-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. GD2, an O-acetylated disialoganglioside with expression in normal tissues restricted primarily to the cerebellum and peripheral nerves, is commonly expressed at high levels on tumors of neuroectodermal origins such as melanomas and neuroblastomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody hu14.18K322A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody hu14.18K322A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hu14.18K322A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388377"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614666"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614666"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-GD2_Monoclonal_Antibody_hu14_18K322A"}]}}{"C158436":{"preferredName":"Anti-GD2 hu3F8/Anti-CD3 huOKT3 Bispecific Antibody","code":"C158436","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody comprised of a humanized anti-CD3 OKT3 (huOKT3) single chain variable fragment (scFv), linked to the carboxyl end of a humanized anti-GD2 3F8 (hu3F8) immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) light chain, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the anti-GD2 hu3F8/anti-CD3 huOKT3 bispecific antibody binds to CD3 on T-cells and disialoganglioside GD2 expressed on certain tumor cells, thereby cross-linking T-cells with GD2-expressing tumor cells. This promotes a selective cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GD2-expressing cells. The Fc region of the anti-GD2 hu3F8/anti-CD3 huOKT3 bispecific antibody has two amino acid substitutions, N297A and K322A, which may prevent cytokine release syndrome and other unwanted side effects including complement-mediated pain. GD2, a disialoganglioside and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types. CD3 is part of the functional T-cell receptor (TCR) complex, which is necessary for antigen recognition by T-cells and is required for signal transduction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GD2 hu3F8/Anti-CD3 huOKT3 Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GD2 hu3F8/Anti-CD3 huOKT3 Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized 3F8 Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Anti-GD2 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hu3F8 x huOKT3 Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hu3F8-BsAb","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937882"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C136426":{"preferredName":"Anti-GD3 Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06688992","code":"C136426","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against the ganglioside GD3, a surface antigen expressed on many malignant melanoma cells, and linked to an as of yet not fully elucidated chemotherapeutic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the ADC PF-06688992, the antibody moiety targets and binds to GD3 expressed on melanoma cells. Upon internalization, the chemotherapeutic agent specifically kills the GD3-positive cells. GD3 represents a major surface marker on most human melanoma cells and is not expressed on most other types of normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GD3 ADC PF-06688992","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GD3 Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06688992","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GD3 Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06688992","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GD3 ADC PF-06688992","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06688992","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06688992","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523729"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789230"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789230"}]}}{"C159411":{"preferredName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ASP1951","code":"C159411","definitions":[{"description":"A human, high-affinity, tetravalent monospecific agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR; tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 18; TNFRSF18; CD357), with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Upon administration, anti-GITR agonistic monoclonal antibody ASP1951 binds to and activates GITR, which is expressed on the cell surface of multiple types of T-lymphocytes. This induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor antigen-specific T-effector cells (Teffs), and suppresses the function of activated T-regulatory cells (Tregs), which may promote the elimination of tumor cells. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily and T-cell receptor co-stimulator, is expressed on the surface of multiple immune cell types, including Tregs, Teffs, B-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Inappropriately activated Tregs suppress both Teffs and T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP 1951","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-1951","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP1951","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ASP1951","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ASP1951","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody PTZ-522","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTZ 522","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTZ-522","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTZ522","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797644"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797644"}]}}{"C132267":{"preferredName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986156","code":"C132267","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR; tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 18; TNFRSF18; CD357) agonistic monoclonal antibody, with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Anti-GITR antibody BMS-986156 binds to and activates GITR, which is expressed on the cell surface of multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system, induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor antigen-specific T-effector cells (Teffs), and suppresses the function of activated T-regulatory cells (Tregs). This leads to tumor cell eradication. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily and T-cell receptor co-stimulator, is expressed on the surface of multiple immune cell types, including Tregs, Teffs, B-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Inappropriately activated Tregs suppress both Teffs and T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986156","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986156","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GITR MoAb BMS-986156","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986156","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986156","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GITR Agonist BMS-986156","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFRSF18 Agonist BMS-986156","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507899"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780443"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780443"}]}}{"C126643":{"preferredName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01876","code":"C126643","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 18; TNFRSF18; GITR; CD357) agonistic humanized monoclonal antibody, with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Anti-GITR antibody INCAGN01876 binds to and activates GITRs found on multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system, induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells (Teff), and suppresses the function of activated T regulatory cells (Tregs). This leads to tumor cell eradication. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily and T-cell receptor co-stimulator, is expressed on the surface of multiple immune cell types, including Tregs, Teffs, B-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Inappropriately activated Tregs suppress Teffs and suppress T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01876","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01876","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN 01876","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN 1876","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN-1876","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN01876","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503760"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779746"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779746"}]}}{"C128028":{"preferredName":"Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody GWN 323","code":"C128028","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 18; TNFRSF18; GITR; CD357) agonistic monoclonal antibody, with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Anti-GITR antibody GWN 323 binds to and activates GITRs found on multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system, induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells (Teff), and suppresses the function of activated T regulatory cells (Tregs). This leads to tumor cell eradication. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily and T-cell receptor co-stimulator, is expressed on the surface of multiple immune cell types, including Tregs, Teffs, B-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Inappropriately activated Tregs suppress both Teffs and T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody GWN 323","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody GWN 323","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GWN 323","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GWN323","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507922"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781243"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781243"}]}}{"C116065":{"preferredName":"Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody MK-4166","code":"C116065","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) agonistic monoclonal antibody (MoAb) with potential immunomodulating activity. Anti-GITR monoclonal antibody MK-4166 binds to and activates GITRs found on multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system and induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells, and suppresses the function of activated T regulatory cells. This leads to tumor cell eradication. Also, this agent is shown to act synergistically with chemotherapeutic drugs in multiple cancer models. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, is expressed on the surface of multiple types of immune cells, including regulatory T-cells, effector T-cells, B-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody MK-4166","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-4166","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473484"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760889"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760889"}]}}{"C103857":{"preferredName":"Anti-GRP78 Monoclonal Antibody PAT-SM6","code":"C103857","definitions":[{"description":"A IgM monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78; also called BiP or HSPA5), with potential proapoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of the anti-GRP78 monoclonal antibody PAT-SM6, the MoAb strongly binds to GRP78, thereby preventing the activation of multiple GRP78-mediated pathways and blocking the GRP78-induced suppression of apoptotic pathways. This eventually leads to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. GRP78, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone and unfolded protein response (UPR) regulator, is overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cell types; its expression is associated with increased tumor cell survival and proliferation, as well as angiogenesis and resistance to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GRP78 Monoclonal Antibody PAT-SM6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAT-SM6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438335"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743101"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743101"}]}}{"C79795":{"preferredName":"Anti-Ganglioside GM2 Monoclonal Antibody BIW-8962","code":"C79795","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized anti-ganglioside GM2 (GM2) monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, anti-ganglioside GM2 monoclonal antibody BIW-8962 may activate an antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against GM2-expressing tumor cells. GM2 is a tumor associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of many cancer cells, such as multiple myeloma (MM) cells and neuroblastoma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GM2 Monoclonal Antibody BIW-8962","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Ganglioside GM2 Monoclonal Antibody BIW-8962","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Ganglioside GM2 Monoclonal Antibody BIW-8962","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIW-8962","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703163"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"618862"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"618862"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-Ganglioside_GM2_Monoclonal_Antibody_BIW-896"}]}}{"C153261":{"preferredName":"Anti-Globo H Monoclonal Antibody OBI-888","code":"C153261","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody targeting the hexasaccharide glycosphingolipid antigen Globo H with potential immunostimulating, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion, anti-Globo H monoclonal antibody OBI-888 may induce tumor cell destruction via the activation of antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and may reduce immunosuppression. Globo H is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on the surface of various types of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Globo H Monoclonal Antibody OBI-888","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Globo H Monoclonal Antibody OBI-888","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI 888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI-888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554489"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794060"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794060"}]}}{"C129936":{"preferredName":"Anti-Glypican 3/CD3 Bispecific Antibody ERY974","code":"C129936","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-glypican 3 (GPC3; GPC-3)/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-GPC3/CD3 bispecific antibody ERY974 possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for GPC3, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of ERY974, this bispecific antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing and GPC3-expressing cells, thereby crosslinking GPC3-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated lysis of GPC3-expressing tumor cells. GPC3, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan and an oncofetal antigen protein, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers; it plays a role in cell division and growth regulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GPC3/CD3 BiAb ERY974","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GPC3/CD3 Bispecific Antibody ERY974","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Glypican 3/CD3 Bispecific Antibody ERY974","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Glypican 3/CD3 Bispecific Antibody ERY974","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERY974","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512901"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785257"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785257"}]}}{"C85464":{"preferredName":"Anti-GnRH Vaccine PEP223","code":"C85464","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine derived from the synthetic peptide pyroEHWSYGLRPG, corresponding to amino acids 22-31 of mouse gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), with potential immunocastration activity. PEP223 is dimerized and contains a D-lysine (k) substitution at position 6 (pyroEHWSYkLRPG) to increase its immunogenicity. Anti-GnRH vaccine PEP223 may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GnRH, neutralizing its activity. In turn, testosterone production and tumor cell growth may be inhibited in testosterone-sensitive tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GnRH Vaccine PEP223","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412337"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643767"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643767"}]}}{"C131295":{"preferredName":"Anti-HA Epitope Monoclonal Antibody MEDI8852","code":"C131295","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 kappa monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting a unique epitope in the stalk of the influenza A hemagglutinin (HA) protein, with broad influenza A virus neutralization activity. MEDI8852 was derived from an antibody isolated from human memory B-cells from patients previously infected with influenza caused by type A strains that was further optimized to increase neutralization potential. Upon infusion, MEDI8852 targets and binds to a region within the stalk of the HA protein that is highly conserved amongst all influenza A virus subtypes. This neutralizes and prevents essential steps of the viral lifecycle, thereby blocking infectivity of all influenza A virus subtypes. HA, a glycoprotein found on the surface of the influenza virus, plays a key role in viral attachment and cell entry.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HA Epitope Monoclonal Antibody MEDI8852","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HA Epitope Monoclonal Antibody MEDI8852","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Influenza A Hemagglutinin Epitope mAb MEDI8852","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 8852","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI8852","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-Influenza A mAb MEDI8852","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514244"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785886"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785886"}]}}{"C95721":{"preferredName":"Anti-HB-EGF Monoclonal Antibody KHK2866","code":"C95721","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary fucose-free monoclonal antibody directed against human heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HBEGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HB-EGF Monoclonal Antibody KHK2866 binds to HBEGF, thereby blocking its binding to the EGF receptors. This prevents EGF receptor activation and the subsequent induction of cell growth signaling. HBEGF is mitogenic for fibroblasts and smooth muscle and may be involved in macrophage-mediated cellular proliferation. The fucose-free monoclonal antibodies enhance antigen dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and increase binding affinity to the Fc Receptor to overcome genetic polymorphism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HB-EGF MoAb KHK2866","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HB-EGF Monoclonal Antibody KHK2866","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HB-EGF Monoclonal Antibody KHK2866","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KHK2866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428183"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694265"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694265"}]}}{"C95736":{"preferredName":"Anti-HBEGF Monoclonal Antibody U3-1565","code":"C95736","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HBEGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HBEGF monoclonal antibody U3-1565 binds to HBEGF and blocks the binding of HBEGF to the EGF receptors. This prevents EGF receptor activation and the subsequent induction of cell growth signaling. HBEGF is mitogenic for fibroblasts and smooth muscle and may be involved in macrophage-mediated cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HBEGF Monoclonal Antibody U3-1565","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HBEGF Monoclonal Antibody U3-1565","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U3-1565","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428196"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695315"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695315"}]}}{"C162577":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Antibody KN026","code":"C162577","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered Fc-based heterodimeric bispecific monoclonal antibody, derived from trastuzumab and pertuzumab, directed against two distinct epitopes of the extracellular dimerization domain of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-HER-2 bispecific antibody KN026 simultaneously targets and binds to two separate, non-overlapping epitopes of HER-2, thereby inhibiting HER-2 heterodimerization and prevents the activation of HER-2 signaling pathways. By binding to HER-2, KN026 induces an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells that overexpress HER-2. This results in tumor cell apoptosis and inhibits tumor cell proliferation of HER-2-overexpressing tumor cells. HER-2, overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types, plays an important role in proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Antibody KN026","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Antibody KN026","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Heterodimeric Antibody KN026","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 Bispecific Antibody KN026","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN 026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN-026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798820"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798820"}]}}{"C128799":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab Deruxtecan","code":"C128799","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2; EGFR2; HER2) conjugated to deruxtecan, a derivative of the camptothecin analog exatecan (DXd; DX-8951 derivative), a DNA topoisomerase 1 (topoisomerase I; Top1) inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab deruxtecan, trastuzumab targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, deruxtecan binds to and inhibits Top1-DNA complexes, which results in an inhibition of DNA replication, cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. In addition, trastuzumab deruxtecan induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and causes a bystander killing effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS-8201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-8201a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enhertu","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fam-trastuzumab Deruxtecan-nxki","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRASTUZUMAB DERUXTECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Deruxtecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Deruxtecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10516","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553920"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509598"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1826843-81-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5384HK7574"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783025"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783025"}]}}{"C156480":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate A166","code":"C156480","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) and conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2 ADC A166, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent induces tumor cell apoptosis, through an as of yet not publicly known mechanism. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A 166","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-166","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A166","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC A166","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 ADC A166","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate A166","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate A166","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935677"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795827"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795827"}]}}{"C123917":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate ARX788","code":"C123917","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2) site-specifically conjugated, via the non-natural amino acid linker para-acetyl-phenylalanine (pAcF), to the auristatin analog and potent microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2 ADC ARX788, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, MMAF binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. The site-specific conjugation of the cytotoxic agent to the antibody improves the biophysical properties of ARX788, increases payload stability and optimizes its efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ARX788","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARX788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 ADC ARX788","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate ARX788","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate ARX788","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498281"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775851"}]}}{"C126355":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI4276","code":"C126355","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a bispecific antibody against the extracellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2) comprised of the single-chain variable fragment (scFv) of the anti- HER2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab, which binds to domain IV of HER2, fused to the heavy chains of the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody 39S, which binds to domain II of HER2, and conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic anti-microtubule agent tubulysin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ADC MEDI4276, the anti-HER2 bispecific antibody specifically targets and binds to HER2 on the surface of certain cancer cells. Upon binding, crosslinking and internalization of antibody-HER2 complexes occurs and MEDI4276 is transported to the lysosome where the linker is cleaved, thereby delivering tubulysin inside HER2-expressing cancer cells. Tubulysin binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which blocks cell division. This results in G2/M phase arrest, tumor cell apoptosis, and decreased proliferation of HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC MEDI4276","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI4276","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI4276","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-4276","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI4276","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504915"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780016"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780016"}]}}{"C130011":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate RC48","code":"C130011","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2) and conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2 ADC RC48, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent induces tumor cell apoptosis, through an as of yet not publicly known mechanism. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC RC48","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 ADC RC48","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate RC48","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RC48","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513768"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784850"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784850"}]}}{"C130010":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Bi-specific Monoclonal Antibody ZW25","code":"C130010","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered bi-specific monoclonal antibody that targets two different epitopes of the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After binding to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, anti-HER2 bispecific monoclonal antibody ZW25 induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. Antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis. (ADCP) is also induced and further stimulates the immune system to kill HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, binding of ZW25 to HER2 induces receptor internalization, which inhibits HER2 activation, HER2-mediated signaling and HER2-mediated tumor cell growth. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Bi-specific Monoclonal Antibody ZW25","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Bi-specific Monoclonal Antibody ZW25","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZW-25","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ZW-25","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZW25","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514017"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z20OC92TDI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784826"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784826"}]}}{"C162115":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody-drug Conjugate ZW49","code":"C162115","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a bispecific monoclonal antibody (ZW25) directed against two different epitopes of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2, receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-HER2 bispecific ADC ZW49 targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Following receptor internalization, the cytotoxic payload is released and induces tumor cell death through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. Additionally, binding of HER2 may inhibit HER2 activation, HER2 signaling and HER2-mediated tumor cell growth. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ZW49","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Bispecific ADC ZW49","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody-drug Conjugate ZW49","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody-drug Conjugate ZW49","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZW-49","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZW49","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798595"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798595"}]}}{"C160349":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Immune Stimulator-antibody Conjugate NJH395","code":"C160349","definitions":[{"description":"An immune stimulator-antibody conjugate (ISAC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) conjugated to a not yet disclosed immune stimulator, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration of the anti-HER2 immune stimulator-antibody conjugate NJH395, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding, the immune-stimulating moiety may, through an as of yet undisclosed mechanism, enhance the immune-mediated killing of HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in many cancer types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 ISAC NJH395","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Immune Stimulator-antibody Conjugate NJH395","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Immune Stimulator-antibody Conjugate NJH395","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NJH 395","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NJH-395","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NJH395","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798283"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798283"}]}}{"C90579":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody CT-P6","code":"C90579","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. After binding to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody CT-P6 may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) as well as an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody CT-P6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-P06","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-P6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416272"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"668193"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"668193"}]}}{"C142890":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody/Anti-CD137Anticalin Bispecific Fusion Protein PRS-343","code":"C142890","definitions":[{"description":"A bivalent, bispecific fusion protein comprised of an anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) monoclonal antibody linked to a CD137-targeting anticalin with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody/anti-CD137 anticalin bispecific fusion protein PRS-343, CD137 clustering is promoted by bridging CD137-positive T-cells with HER2-positive tumor cells, leading to the recruitment of tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated lysis of HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2 plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. CD137 is a costimulatory immunoreceptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). Anticalins are synthetic antigen-binding proteins derived from lipocalins. Structurally dissimilar to antibodies, anticalins are able to bind to smaller antigens and exhibit improved tissue penetration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody/Anti-CD137Anticalin Bispecific Fusion Protein PRS-343","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody/Anti-CD137Anticalin Bispecific Fusion Protein PRS-343","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRS-343","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PRS-343","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541381"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"21Z359Z1CV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791831"}]}}{"C141420":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2-vc0101 ADC PF-06804103","code":"C141420","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) site-specifically linked, via a protease cleavable linker, to an analog of dolastatin 10, Auristatin-0101, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HER2-vc0101 ADC PF-06804103 targets HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and cleavage, Auristatin-0101 binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis of HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2-vc0101 ADC PF-06804103","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2-vc0101 ADC PF-06804103","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2-vcAur0101 ADC PF-06804103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-NG-HER2 ADC PF-06804103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-NG-Her2-vc0101 ADC PF-06804103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06804103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06804103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06804103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF06804103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539508"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C156705":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody BTRC 4017A","code":"C156705","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/anti-CD3 T-cell-dependent bispecific (TDB) monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-HER2/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody BTRC4017A possesses two antigen recognition sites, one for HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor overexpressed by many cancer cell types, and one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that interact with the T-cell receptor (TCR). Upon administration of BTRC4017A, this bispecific monoclonal antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and HER2-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking HER2-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated lysis of HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2 plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody BTRC 4017A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody RG 6194","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody 4017A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody BTRC 4017A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTRC 4017A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTRC-4017A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTRC4017A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 6194","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-6194","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6194","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935873"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795725"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795725"}]}}{"C142889":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1302","code":"C142889","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody GBR 1302 possesses two antigen recognition sites, one for HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor overexpressed by many cancer cell types, and one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that interact with the T-cell receptor (TCR). Upon administration of GBR 1302, this bispecific monoclonal antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and HER2-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking HER2-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated lysis of HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2 plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1302","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1302","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1302","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GBR 1302","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541380"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791830"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791830"}]}}{"C153211":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-HER3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MCLA-128","code":"C153211","definitions":[{"description":"A full-length IgG1 bispecific antibody with enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; EGFR2, ERBB2) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ErbB3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the bispecific antibody docks on HER2, and subsequently blocks heregulin-stimulated proliferation of tumor cells by binding HER3. In addition to inhibiting HER3-dependent signaling, simultaneous targeting of HER2 and HER3 by MCLA-128 may overcome a common resistance mechanism driven by heregulin-mediated dimerization of HER2 and HER3. MCLA-128 is expected to eliminate tumor cells by recruiting natural killer (NK) cells to tumor cells coated with the bispecific antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 x Anti-HER3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MCLA-128","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-HER3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MCLA-128","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-HER3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MCLA-128","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA 128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA-128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554335"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794043"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794043"}]}}{"C132112":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2/Auristatin Payload Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1522","code":"C132112","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of HT-19, a monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2; HER2), conjugated, via a proprietary biodegradable, hydrophilic polymer backbone and various linkers, to proprietary auristatin-derived payload molecules (about 15 per antibody), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2/auristatin payload ADC XMT-1522, the antibody moiety targets and binds to a unique epitope in the extracellular domain (ECD) of HER2. Upon internalization, cleavage and release of the cytotoxic molecules, the auristatin-derived molecules bind to tubulin and inhibit its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and induces apoptosis of HER2-expressing tumor cells. The attachment of multiple auristatin molecules to the backbone enables XMT-1522 to effectively kill tumors that express relatively low amounts of the HER2 protein; therefore, this agent shows increased therapeutic potential in tumors with low HER2 expression compared to other anti-HER2 antibody-based therapies. The polymer-based proprietary platform optimizes delivery of the cytotoxic drug payload and improves drug solubility.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC XMT-1522","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 ADC XMT-1522","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Auristatin Payload Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1522","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Auristatin Payload Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1522","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT-1522","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520319"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786937"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786937"}]}}{"C155940":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2/PBD-MA Antibody-drug Conjugate DHES0815A","code":"C155940","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2; EGFR2; HER2) linked to a DNA minor groove crosslinking agent pyrrolo[2,1- c][1,4]benzodiazepine monoamide (PBD-MA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of ADC DHES0815A, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Following receptor internalization and lysosome-mediated cleavage, the cytotoxic PBD-MA moiety is released. In turn, the imine groups of the PBD-MA moiety bind to and crosslink specific sites of DNA, resulting in DNA strand breaks, cell cycle arrest, and cell death in HER2 expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DHES0815A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/PBD-MA ADC DHES0815A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/PBD-MA Antibody-drug Conjugate DHES0815A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/PBD-MA Antibody-drug Conjugate DHES0815A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/PBD-Monoamide ADC DHES0815A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHES0815A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562792"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795265"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795265"}]}}{"C136987":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER3 Antibody-drug Conjugate U3 1402","code":"C136987","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of patritumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor HER3 (ErbB3),linked to the topoisomerase I inhibitor DX 8951, a semisynthetic, water-soluble derivative of camptothecin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-HER3 ADC U3 1402, the patritumab moiety targets and binds to HER3. After internalization, DX 8951 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the complex between topoisomerase I and DNA and inhibiting religation of DNA breaks, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and triggering apoptotic cell death. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER3 Antibody-drug Conjugate U3 1402","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER3 Antibody-drug Conjugate U3 1402","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U3 1402","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U3-1402","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U3-1402a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524745"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789807"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789807"}]}}{"C111997":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER3 Monoclonal Antibody GSK2849330","code":"C111997","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ERBB3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody GSK2849330 binds to HER3 and inhibits its activation. This may prevent HER3-mediated signaling and inhibit HER3-dependent tumor cell proliferation and differentiation. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in tumors and is associated with poor prognosis and drug resistance; it has no active kinase domain but is activated through heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family, such as HER2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER3 Monoclonal Antibody GSK2849330","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER3 Monoclonal Antibody GSK2849330","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2849330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454286"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754219"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754219"}]}}{"C81939":{"preferredName":"Anti-HGF Monoclonal Antibody TAK-701","code":"C81939","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HGF monoclonal antibody TAK-701 binds to the soluble ligand HGF, preventing HGF binding to and activation of the HGF receptor c-Met and so the activation of the c-Met signaling pathway; this may result in the induction of cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in a variety of tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HGF MoAb TAK-701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HGF Monoclonal Antibody TAK-701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL407463"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637760"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637760"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-HGF_Monoclonal_Antibody_TAK-701"}]}}{"C68930":{"preferredName":"Anti-HIF-1alpha LNA Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-2968","code":"C68930","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS ODN) targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HIF-1alpha LNA antisense oligonucleotide EZN-2968 hybridizes with HIF-1alpha mRNA and blocks t HIF-1 alpha protein expression, which may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and apoptosis. HIF-1alpha, normally activated in response to hypoxia-induced stress, is a key transcription regulator of a large number of genes important in cellular adaptation to low-oxygen conditions, including angiogenesis, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HIF-1alpha LNA Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-2968","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HIF-1alpha LNA Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-2968","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EZN-2968","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7070179","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-HIF-1alpha LNA AS-ODN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2607869"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"549337"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"549337"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-HIF-1alpha_LNA_Antisense_Oligonucleotide_EZN-2968"}]}}{"C165547":{"preferredName":"Anti-HIV-1 Lentiviral Vector-expressing sh5/C46 Cal-1","code":"C165547","definitions":[{"description":"A gene transfer construct composed of a self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector (LV) expressing a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) that targets the human C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) mRNA (sh5) and expressing the HIV entry inhibitor C46, with potential anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) activity. Upon transduction of the anti-HIV-1 LVsh5/C46 Cal-1 in specified blood cell populations, such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and CD4+ T-lymphocytes, the cells express shCCR5 and C46. shCCR5 targets and binds to CCR5 mRNA, which inhibits the expression of CCR5 and prevents binding of the virus to the cellular CCR5 co-receptor. The cell surface expression of the cell membrane-anchored C46 peptide blocks HIV-1 fusion to the cellular membrane. The removal of CCR5 from and the production of C46 in the bone marrow and white blood cells, make the transduced cells resistant to and protect them from HIV-1 entry, infection and replication. HIV-resistant HSPCs could provide long-term protection against latent HIV infection and against HIV-associated cancers. C46 is a membrane-anchored 46-amino acid sequence found in HIV-1 gp41. CCR5 is a HIV-1 co-receptor that mediates HIV attachment and cell entry.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HIV-1 LV-expressing sh5/C46 Cal-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HIV-1 LVsh5/C46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HIV-1 Lentiviral Vector sh5/C46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HIV-1 Lentiviral Vector-expressing sh5/C46 Cal-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cal-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cal-1 Vector","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LVsh5/C46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LVsh5/C46 Vector","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799502"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799502"}]}}{"C103860":{"preferredName":"Anti-HLA-DR Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-114","code":"C103860","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody that targets the human leukocyte antigen HLA-DR, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HLA-DR monoclonal antibody IMMU-114 binds to HLA-DR on HLA-DR-expressing tumor cells and, although the exact mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated, appears to induce hyperactivation of ERK- and JNK-dependent mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathways. This may lead to mitochondrial membrane depolarization and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. This eventually leads to an induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. IMMU-14 may be beneficial in the treatment of graft versus host disease (GVHD) as it appears to suppress T-lymphocyte proliferation and natural killer (NK) cell activation. As the Fc region of the orgnial IgG1 MoAb was replaced with the IgG4 isotype, IMMU-114 does not induce a complement cytotoxicity (CDC) or an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). HLA-DR, a MHC class II molecule, is found on various b-cell hematologic malignancies and in autoimmune diseases as well as on normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HLA-DR MoAb L243","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HLA-DR Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-114","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HLA-DR Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-114","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMMU-114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hL243gamma4P","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3530137"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743255"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743255"}]}}{"C88327":{"preferredName":"Anti-ICAM-1 Monoclonal Antibody BI-505","code":"C88327","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 or CD54), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-ICAM-1 monoclonal antibody BI-505 selectively binds to the adhesion protein ICAM-1, which may result in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), hyper-cross-linking-induced apoptosis, and a decrease in cellular proliferation of ICAM-1-expressing tumor cells. ICAM-1, normally expressed on leukocytes and endothelial cells, may be overexpressed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ICAM-1 Monoclonal Antibody BI-505","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ICAM-1 Monoclonal Antibody BI-505","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-505","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413589"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661398"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661398"}]}}{"C126804":{"preferredName":"Anti-ICOS Agonist Antibody GSK3359609","code":"C126804","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic antibody for the inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ICOS agonist antibody GSK3359609 targets and binds to ICOS expressed on tumor infiltrating CD4-positive T-cells. This stimulates ICOS-positive T-cell proliferation, enhances cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) survival and increases CTL-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. ICOS, a T-cell specific, CD28-superfamily costimulatory molecule and immune checkpoint protein, is normally expressed on certain activated T-cells and plays a key role in the proliferation and activation of T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Agonist Antibody GSK3359609","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Agonist Antibody GSK3359609","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-3359609","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GSK3359609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507897"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OUP4QB2A3R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780433"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780433"}]}}{"C146762":{"preferredName":"Anti-ICOS Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986226","code":"C146762","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic monoclonal antibody that recognizes inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ICOS agonist monoclonal antibody BMS-986226 targets and binds to ICOS expressed on certain T-cells. This stimulates ICOS-mediated signaling, induces proliferation of ICOS-positive T-cells, enhances cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) survival and augments the CTL-mediated immune response against tumor cells. ICOS, a T-cell specific, CD28-superfamily co-stimulatory molecule and immune checkpoint protein, is normally expressed on certain activated T-cells and plays a key role in the proliferation and activation of T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986226","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986226","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ICOS BMS-986226","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-inducible T-cell Co-stimulator BMS-986226","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544800"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C162521":{"preferredName":"Anti-ICOS Monoclonal Antibody KY1044","code":"C162521","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) kappa monoclonal antibody that recognizes inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ICOS monoclonal antibody selectively binds to dimeric ICOS expressed on certain T-cells. This prevents the interaction between ICOS-positive T-cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which express the ICOS ligand (ICOSL). Blocking ICOS activation prevents the pDC-induced proliferation and accumulation of regulatory ICOS-positive T-cells (ICOS+ Tregs) and inhibits interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion by CD4+ infiltrating T-cells. This may abrogate Treg-mediated immune suppression and may enhance cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. Additionally, KY1044 may eliminate ICOS-positive T-cells via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). ICOS, a T-cell specific, CD28-superfamily costimulatory molecule and immune checkpoint protein, plays a key role in the proliferation and activation of T-cells. It is normally expressed on both activated CD4+ T-cells, which is a subset of memory T-cells (Tm), and follicular helper T-cells (Tfh). ICOS is highly expressed on Tregs infiltrating various tumors and its expression is associated with a poor prognosis; ICOS-positive Tregs play a key role in immune suppression and tumor immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Monoclonal Antibody KY1044","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Monoclonal Antibody KY1044","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KY 1044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KY-1044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KY1044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798819"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798819"}]}}{"C123267":{"preferredName":"Anti-ICOS Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-570","code":"C123267","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-optimized humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) directed against the inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS, CD278), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ICOS MoAb MEDI-570 targets and binds to ICOS expressed on tumor infiltrating CD4-positive T-cells. This prevents the interaction between ICOS-positive T-cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which express the ICOS ligand (ICOSL). Blocking ICOS activation prevents the pDC-induced proliferation and accumulation of regulatory ICOS-positive T-cells (ICOS+ Tregs) and inhibits interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion by CD4+ infiltrating T-cells. This may abrogate Treg-mediated immune suppression and may enhance cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. Fc optimization enhances antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). ICOS, a T-cell specific, CD28-superfamily costimulatory molecule and immune checkpoint protein, plays a key role in the proliferation and activation of T-cells. It is normally expressed on both activated CD4+ T-cells, which is a subset of memory T-cells (Tm), and follicular helper T-cells (Tfh). ICOS is highly expressed on Tregs infiltrating various tumors and its expression is associated with a poor prognosis; ICOS-positive Tregs play a key role in immune suppression and tumor immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-570","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-570","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-570","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053619"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774809"}]}}{"C79798":{"preferredName":"Anti-IGF-1R Monoclonal Antibody AVE1642","code":"C79798","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R/CD221) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-IGF-1R monoclonal antibody AVE1642 specifically binds to and blocks membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing the binding of the natural ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent activation of PI3K/AKT signal transduction, which may result in the induction of apoptosis and a decrease in cellular proliferation. Activation of IGF-1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase of the insulin receptor superfamily overexpressed by various cancer cell types, stimulates cell proliferation, promotes angiogenesis, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVE1642","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Monoclonal Antibody AVE1642","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-CD122 monoclonal antibody AVE1642","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703165"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"619043"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"619043"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-IGF-1R_Monoclonal_Antibody_AVE1642"}]}}{"C71530":{"preferredName":"Anti-IGF-1R Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody BIIB022","code":"C71530","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-IGF-1R recombinant monoclonal antibody BIIB022 binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing binding of the ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent triggering of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; inhibition of this survival signaling pathway may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The activation of IGF-1R, a tyrosine kinase and a member of the insulin receptor family, stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis; IGF-1R signaling has been highly implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody BIIB022","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody BIIB022","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIIB-022","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BIIB022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346816"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y60655Y65T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579227"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579227"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-IGF-1R_Recombinant_Monoclonal_Antibody_BIIB022"}]}}{"C88325":{"preferredName":"Anti-IL-1 alpha Monoclonal Antibody MABp1","code":"C88325","definitions":[{"description":"A human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against interleukin-1 alpha (IL1a) with potential A human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 alpha (IL1a) with potential antineoplastic, anti-cachectic and anti-angiogenic activities. Anti-IL1a monoclonal antibody MABp1 targets and binds to IL1a and prevents IL1a activity. This prevents IL1a-mediated tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. In addition, MABp1 abrogates IL1a-mediated cachexia. IL1a, an inflammatory mediator expressed on monocytes, platelets and overexpressed by certain tumors, plays a key role in the promotion of tumor cell growth, metastasis and invasion. In addition, IL1a stimulates metabolic activity in the central nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IL-1 Alpha Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-IL-1 alpha Monoclonal Antibody MABp1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-IL-1 alpha Monoclonal Antibody MABp1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-IL1a Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MABp1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xilonix","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896706"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661044"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661044"}]}}{"C66988":{"preferredName":"Anti-IL-13 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody TNX-650","code":"C66988","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against interleukin-13 (IL-13) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-IL-13 humanized monoclonal antibody TNX-650 binds to and blocks the activity of IL-13, which may result in the inhibition of Hodgkin lymphoma cell proliferation. IL-13 cytokine, an important mediator in allergic inflammation, may be an autocrine growth factor for Hodgkin lymphoma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IL-13 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody TNX-650","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-IL-13 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody TNX-650","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody TNX-650","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNX-650","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881890"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539362"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539362"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_TNX-650"}]}}{"C126841":{"preferredName":"Anti-IL-15 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 714","code":"C126841","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-IL-15 monoclonal antibody AMG 714 binds to and neutralizes IL-15, thereby preventing IL-15-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling. By inhibiting IL-15-mediated immune responses, AMG 714 decreases natural killer (NK) cell activation and proliferation, reduces T-cell infiltration, increases T-cell apoptosis, and may prevent the growth of IL-15-driven cancer cells. IL-15 plays a key role in inflammation and is associated with a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders as well as with cell proliferation in certain cancer types, such as T-cell lymphomas. IL-15 is required for the proliferation of certain T-cells and NK cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 714","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG714","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-IL-15 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 714","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-IL-15 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 714","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMab-IL15 AMG 714","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507916"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781143"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781143"}]}}{"C124227":{"preferredName":"Anti-IL-8 Monoclonal Antibody HuMax-IL8","code":"C124227","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody against the pro-inflammatory mediator interleukin-8 (IL-8; CXCL8), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, HuMax-IL8 directly binds to IL-8, thereby inhibiting the binding of IL-8 to its receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. This inhibits activation of IL-8-mediated signaling transduction pathways, which decreases proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. Also, HuMax-IL8 effectively blocks binding of IL-8 to neutrophils and inhibits neutrophil activation and recruitment towards sites of inflammation, which reduces inflammation. IL-8, a member of the CXC chemokine family, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and inflammatory diseases; it plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, endothelial cell proliferation, and cancer stem cell (CSC) renewal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IL-8 Monoclonal Antibody HuMax-IL8","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-IL-8 Monoclonal Antibody HuMax-IL8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMax-IL8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX 018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502607"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777250"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777250"}]}}{"C156490":{"preferredName":"Anti-ILDR2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY 1905254","code":"C156490","definitions":[{"description":"A mouse/human cross-reactive immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) monoclonal antibody against the immune checkpoint immunoglobulin-like domain containing receptor 2 (ILDR2; Chromosome 1 Open Reading Frame 32; C1orf32), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, BAY 1905254 targets, binds to and inhibits ILDR2, thereby blocking the immunosuppressive activity of ILDR2. This prevents ILDR2-mediated inhibition of T-cell activities and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells. ILDR2, a type I transmembrane protein belonging to the B7 family of immunomodulatory receptors, negatively regulates T-cell responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ILDR2 Inhibitor BAY1905254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ILDR2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY 1905254","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ILDR2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY 1905254","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-immunoglobulin-like Domain Containing Receptor 2 MoAb BAY1905254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1905254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1905254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1905254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILDR2 Function-blocking Antibody BAY1905254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor BAY1905254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935671"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795831"}]}}{"C160204":{"preferredName":"Anti-ILT4 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4830","code":"C160204","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory immune checkpoint receptor immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 (ILT4; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2; LILRB2; lymphocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 2; LIR2; monocyte/macrophage immunoglobulin-like receptor 10; MIR-10; CD85d), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ILT4 monoclonal antibody MK-4830 targets and binds to ILT4. This prevents the binding of ILT4 ligands to their receptor and prevents ILT4-mediated signaling. This abrogates the immunosuppressive activities of ILT4 in the tumor microenvironment (TME), activates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including GM-CSF and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), and enhances a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response. ILT4, plays a key role in tumor immune evasion. ILT4, a transmembrane protein and inhibitory member of the immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT) family of proteins, is expressed primarily by myeloid cells, including monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs) and granulocytes, and certain tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ILT4 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4830","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-LIR2 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4830","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor 2 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4830","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 4830","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-4830","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK4830","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797844"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797844"}]}}{"C78839":{"preferredName":"Anti-Integrin Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Immunoconjugate IMGN388","code":"C78839","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of an anti-integrin monoclonal antibody covalently attached to the maytansinoid DM4, a derivative of the cytotoxic agent maytansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Integrin-targeted immunoconjugate IMGN388 binds to tumor cell surface integrins; upon internalization, the DM4 moiety is released from the immunoconjugate, binding to tubulin and disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, which may result in inhibition of cell division and cell growth of integrin-expressing tumor cells. Integrins, a class of transmembrane cell surface receptors, link the extracellular matrix (ECM) to intracellular signaling pathways that control cell proliferation and differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Integrin Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Immunoconjugate IMGN388","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN388","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387679"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609890"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609890"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-Integrin_Immunotoxin_IMGN388"}]}}{"C78464":{"preferredName":"Anti-KIR Monoclonal Antibody IPH 2101","code":"C78464","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human inhibitory killer IgG-like receptor (KIR) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-KIR monoclonal antibody IPH 2101 binds to the KIR receptor expressed on human natural killer (NK) cells, which may prevent KIR-mediated inhibition of NK cells and permit NK cell-mediated anti-tumor cytotoxicity. KIRs are surface glycoproteins that bind to major histocompatibility complex (MHC)/human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I subtypes on target cells; binding of KIRs inhibits NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-7F9","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-KIR Monoclonal Antibody IPH 2101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-KIR Monoclonal Antibody IPH 2101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH 2101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703118"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599832"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599832"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-KIR_Monoclonal_Antibody_1-7F9"}]}}{"C82391":{"preferredName":"Anti-KSP/Anti-VEGF siRNAs ALN-VSP02","code":"C82391","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid nanoparticle formulation containing two small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) for kinesin spindle protein (KSP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with potential antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, the siRNAs in KSP/VEGF siRNAs ALN-VSP02ALN bind to both KSP and VEGF messenger RNAs (mRNAs), preventing translation of KSP and VEGF proteins; this may result in growth inhibition of tumor cells that overexpress KSP and VEGF. VEGF and KSP are upregulated in many tumor cells and play an important role in tumor proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALN-VSP02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-KSP/Anti-VEGF siRNAs ALN-VSP02","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-KSP/Anti-VEGF siRNAs ALN-VSP02","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408662"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642288"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642288"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-KSP_Anti-VEGF_siRNAs_ALN-VSP02"}]}}{"C157127":{"preferredName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02385","code":"C157127","definitions":[{"description":"A Fc-engineered immunoglobulin G1-kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory receptor lymphocyte-activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, monoclonal antibody INCAGN02385 targets and binds to human LAG-3 on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and tumor cells. This prevents the negative regulation of T-cell activity that occurs via LAG-3-MHC II binding and enhances a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG-3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), negatively regulates both proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02385","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02385","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02385","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN 02385","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN 2385","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN02385","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN2385","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936810"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796980"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796980"}]}}{"C122683":{"preferredName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody LAG525","code":"C122683","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-LAG-3 monoclonal antibody LAG525 binds to LAG-3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG-3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and expressed on various immune cells, negatively regulates cellular proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody LAG525","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody LAG525","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAG 525","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAG525","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053626"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772952"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772952"}]}}{"C132339":{"preferredName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody REGN3767","code":"C132339","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-LAG-3 monoclonal antibody REGN3767 binds to LAG-3 expressed by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks LAG-3 binding to tumor cells expressing major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules. This may activate antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhance cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG-3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is expressed on various immune cells; its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression and the negative regulation of both cellular proliferation and T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 MoAb REGN3767","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody REGN3767","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody REGN3767","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 3767","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN3767","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520574"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787595"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787595"}]}}{"C150734":{"preferredName":"Anti-LAG-3/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody FS118","code":"C150734","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody directed against two immune checkpoint proteins, the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3; LAG-3) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. FS118 is generated by incorporating an anti-LAG-3 Fc-region with antigen binding (Fcab) into a PD-L1-specific antibody. Upon administration, FS118 simultaneously targets and binds to LAG3 expressed on T-cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. This prevents LAG3- and PD-L1-mediated signaling, reverses T-cell inactivation, activates the immune system and enhances cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune responses against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells, which together lead to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) negatively regulates both proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) on activated T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody FS118","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody FS118","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FS118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAG-3/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody FS118","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAG-3/PD-L1 Mab2 FS118","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mab2 FS118","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552521"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793522"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793522"}]}}{"C150403":{"preferredName":"Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody BI 754111","code":"C150403","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3; LAG-3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-LAG3 monoclonal antibody BI 754111 binds to LAG3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is expressed on various immune cells, and negatively regulates both proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody BI 754111","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody BI 754111","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 Protein Monoclonal Antibody BI 754111","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 754111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-754111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI754111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552148"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792749"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792749"}]}}{"C142077":{"preferredName":"Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4280","code":"C142077","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 protein (LAG3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-LAG3 monoclonal antibody MK-4280 binds to LAG3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is expressed on various immune cells, and negatively regulates both proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4280","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4280","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4280","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 4280","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-4280","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MK-4280","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK4280","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540133"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H1396W7D1H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C142978":{"preferredName":"Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-033","code":"C142978","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3; LAG-3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-LAG3 monoclonal antibody TSR-033 binds to LAG3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is expressed on various immune cells, and negatively regulates both proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-033","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-033","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-033","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 Protein Monoclonal Antibody TSR-033","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSR 033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSR-033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSR033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541410"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C126275":{"preferredName":"Anti-LAMP1 Antibody-drug Conjugate SAR428926","code":"C126275","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody against lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) conjugated, via the disulfide-containing cleavable linker N-succinimidyl-4-(2-pyridyldithio)butyrate (SPDB), to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-LAMP1 ADC SAR428926, the anti-LAMP1 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to the cell surface antigen LAMP1. After antibody-antigen interaction and internalization, the SPDB linker is selectively cleaved by proteases in the cytosol and the DM4 moiety is released. DM4 binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, thereby inhibiting both cell division and cell growth of LAMP1-expressing tumor cells. LAMP1, overexpressed on a variety of cancer cells, plays a key role in cell-cell adhesion and migration. The SPDB linker is resistant to cleavage in the bloodstream, which may increase stability and reduce toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SAR428926","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-LAMP1 ADC SAR428926","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-LAMP1 Antibody-drug Conjugate SAR428926","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR428926","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504852"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779304"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779304"}]}}{"C126794":{"preferredName":"Anti-LGR5 Monoclonal Antibody BNC101","code":"C126794","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-LGR5 humanized monoclonal antibody BNC101 targets and binds to LGR5, thereby inhibiting LRG5-mediated signal transduction pathways. This prevents proliferation of LRG5-expressing tumor cells. LGR5, a member of the Wnt signaling pathway, is a cancer stem cell (CSC) receptor overexpressed on certain cancer cells; it plays a key role in CSC proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LGR5 Monoclonal Antibody BNC101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNC-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNC101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET-101","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507886"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780067"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780067"}]}}{"C156176":{"preferredName":"Anti-LIF Monoclonal Antibody MSC-1","code":"C156176","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, monoclonal antibody MSC-1 binds to LIF and inhibits LIF signaling by blocking the recruitment of glycoprotein 130 (gp130) to the LIF-LIF receptor (LIFR)-gp130 signaling complex. This inhibits signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling and inhibits tumor cell growth. In addition, the inhibition of LIF signaling abrogates the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) by decreasing immunosuppressive M2 macrophages and allows for the activation of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) against tumor cells. LIF, a member of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family of cytokines, is involved in many physiological and pathological processes and plays an important role in both creating the TME and promoting the activity of cancer-initiating cells (CICs). LIF is overexpressed in many tumor cell types and its expression correlates with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LIF Monoclonal Antibody MSC-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-LIF Monoclonal Antibody MSC-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC 1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563028"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795377"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795377"}]}}{"C112001":{"preferredName":"Ladiratuzumab Vedotin","code":"C112001","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the anti-solute carrier family 39 zinc transporter member 6 (SLC39A6; LIV-1; ZIP6) protein that is conjugated, via a protease-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration and internalization by LIV-1-positive tumor cells, ladiratuzumab vedotin undergoes enzymatic cleavage to release MMAE into the cytosol. In turn, MMAE binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in LIV-1-expressing tumor cells. LIV-1, a member of the zinc transporter family, is expressed in several types of solid tumors and plays a key role in tumor cell progression and metastasis. The linkage system in ladiratuzumab vedotin is highly stable in plasma, resulting in cytotoxic specificity against LIV-1-positive cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LADIRATUZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ladiratuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ladiratuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-LIV1A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827076"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1629760-29-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VM4G5D1A60"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754237"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754237"}]}}{"C116745":{"preferredName":"Anti-Ly6E Antibody-Drug Conjugate RG 7841","code":"C116745","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus E (Ly6E) and linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the antibody moiety of RG 7841 targets and binds to Ly6E expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action, the Ly6E-expressing cancer cells. Ly6E, an interferon (IFN)-inducible glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked cell membrane protein, is expressed on a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DLYE5953A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Ly6E Antibody-Drug Conjugate DLYE5953A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Ly6E Antibody-Drug Conjugate RG 7841","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DLYE5953A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473919"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759448"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759448"}]}}{"C162462":{"preferredName":"Anti-MAGE-A4 T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-C103C","code":"C162462","definitions":[{"description":"A T-cell re-directing bi-specific biologic composed of a modified form of human T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human melanoma-associated antigen A4 (MAGE-A4) and fused to an anti-CD3 single-chain variable fragment (scFv), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of IMC-C103C, the TCR moiety of this agent targets and binds to MAGE-A4 on tumor cells and the anti-CD3 scFv moiety binds to CD3- expressing T-lymphocytes. This selectively cross-links tumor cells and T-lymphocytes and results in a CTL-mediated death of MAGE-A4-expressing tumor cells. MAGE-A4 is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-MAGE-A4 T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-C103C","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-MAGE-A4 T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-C103C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC C103C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-C103C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMCC103C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ImmTAC IMC-C103C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ImmTAC Molecule IMC-C103C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immune Mobilizing Monoclonal TCR Against Cancer IMC-C103C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-cell Redirecting Bi-specific Biologic IMC-C103C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C105803":{"preferredName":"Andecaliximab","code":"C105803","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody against matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, andecaliximab binds to MMP-9 and inhibits its enzymatic activity. This results in an inhibition of extracellular matrix protein degradation and, potentially, the inhibition of angiogenesis, tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. MMP-9, a protein belonging to the MMP family, plays a key role in the degradation of collagens and proteoglycans; increased activity of MMP-9 has been associated with increased invasion and metastasis of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANDECALIXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Andecaliximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Andecaliximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-5745","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447155"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1518996-49-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"571045EIM4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747683"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747683"}]}}{"C118362":{"preferredName":"Anti-MUC1 Monoclonal Antibody BTH1704","code":"C118362","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody against the tumor associated antigen (TAA) mucin-1 (MUC1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibody BTH1704 targets and binds to MUC1 expressed on the surface of tumor cells, which can potentially activate the immune system to induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against MUC1-expressing tumor cells. MUC1, a glycoprotein overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells, plays a key role in tumor cell survival and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-MUC1 Monoclonal Antibody BTH1704","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTH1704","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896895"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764610"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764610"}]}}{"C153129":{"preferredName":"Anti-MUC16/CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN4018","code":"C153129","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific, human monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. REGN4018 contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen that is part of the T cell receptor complex, and one for human mucin 16 (MUC16, cancer antigen 125; CA125; FLJ14303), a member of the mucin family of glycoproteins that is overexpressed by several epithelial cancers, including ovarian cancer. Upon administration, REGN4018 binds to both T-cells and MUC16-expressing tumor cells, which cross-links the T-cells to the tumor cells, and may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the MUC16-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-MUC16 x Anti-CD3 REGN4018","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-MUC16/CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN4018","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-MUC16/CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN4018","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-MUC16/CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN4018","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 4018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-4018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN4018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554386"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793937"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793937"}]}}{"C147031":{"preferredName":"Anti-MUC16/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMUC4064A","code":"C147031","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against human mucin 16 (MUC16; cancer antigen 125; CA125; FLJ14303) conjugated to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-MUC16/MMAE ADC DMUC4064A binds to MUC16 located on the tumor cell surface. After internalization of the agent, the MMAE moiety is released and binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. MUC16, a member of the mucin family glycoproteins, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DMUC4064A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-MUC16/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMUC4064A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-MUC16/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMUC4064A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMUC4064A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7882","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THIOMAB-drug Conjugate DMUC4064A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545030"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792380"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792380"}]}}{"C91092":{"preferredName":"Anti-Melanin Monoclonal Antibody PTI-6D2","code":"C91092","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against extracellular melanin with tumor targeting activity. Anti-melanin monoclonal antibody PTI-6D2 binds to extracellular melanin, a melanocyte pigment which is released during tumor cell turnover from dead melanoma tumor cells, while avoiding the binding of melanin in normal, healthy tissue because of melanin's normal intracellular location. Upon labeling with the beta-emitting radioisotope rhenium Re 188 (PTI-188), this MoAb may target multiple melanoma (MM) cells, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of radiation specifically to the targeted tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Melanin Monoclonal Antibody PTI-6D2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTI-6D2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832013"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529286"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529286"}]}}{"C127906":{"preferredName":"Anti-Met Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym015","code":"C127906","definitions":[{"description":"A mixture of two humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibodies, Hu9006 and Hu9338, which recognize non-overlapping epitopes in the extracellular domain of the human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET; HGFR; c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-MET monoclonal antibody mixture Sym015 targets and binds to the extracellular domain of MET, thereby preventing the binding of its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). This may prevent activation of the receptor and MET-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits MET-dependent tumor cell proliferation. MET, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types; it plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Met Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym015","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Met Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym015","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu9006-Hu9338","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu9006/Hu9338","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym 015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym-015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507929"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781406"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781406"}]}}{"C118281":{"preferredName":"Anti-Met/EGFR Monoclonal Antibody LY3164530","code":"C118281","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-Met/EGFR MoAb LY3164530 targets and prevents the activation of EGFR and c-Met. This leads to a downstream inhibition of EGFR/c-Met-mediated signal transduction pathways, and prevents cellular proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing EGFR and c-Met. EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor family of extracellular protein ligands, may be overexpressed on the cell surface of various solid tumor cell types. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Met/EGFR Monoclonal Antibody LY3164530","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3164530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474133"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764231"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764231"}]}}{"C78840":{"preferredName":"Anti-Myeloma Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Immunoconjugate BT-062","code":"C78840","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against a highly-expressed myeloma cell surface antigen covalently attached to the maytansinoid DM4, a derivative of the cytotoxic agent maytansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-myeloma cell surface antigen immunoconjugate BT-062 binds to an unspecified cell surface antigen highly expressed on myeloma cells; upon internalization the DM4 moiety is released, binding to tubulin and disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, which may result in the inhibition of cell division and cell growth of myeloma tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Myeloma Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Immunoconjugate BT-062","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Myeloma Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Immunoconjugate BT-062","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BT-062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maytansinoid-Conjugated Anti-Myeloma Monoclonal Antibody BT062","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387726"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609930"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609930"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Maytansinoid-Conjugated_Anti-Myeloma_Monoclonal_Antibody_BT062"}]}}{"C116847":{"preferredName":"Anti-NY-ESO-1 Immunotherapeutic GSK-2241658A","code":"C116847","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic agent targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA), cancer/testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-NY-ESO-1 Immunotherapeutic GSK-2241658A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-NY-ESO-1 Immunotherapeutic GSK-2241658A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTAG1A ASCI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-2241658A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2241658A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2241658A Antigen-Specific Cancer Immunotherapeutic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433722"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686918"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686918"}]}}{"C153130":{"preferredName":"Anti-NY-ESO1/LAGE-1A TCR/scFv Anti-CD3 IMCnyeso","code":"C153130","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific molecule composed of a soluble, affinity-enhanced T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human leukocyte antigen A2 (HLA-A2)-restricted cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) NY-ESO-1 and L antigen family member 1 isoform A (LAGE-1A; LAGE-A1; CT6.2a), fused to a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion, anti-NY-ESO1/LAGE-1A TCR/scFv anti-CD3 IMCnyeso specifically targets and binds with its TCR moiety to NY-ESO-1 and/or LAGE-1A expressed on tumor cells and with its scFv moiety to CD3 expressed on T-cells. This crosslinks tumor cells and T-cells, re-directs and activates T-cells, and results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated destruction of NY-ESO-1 and/or LAGE-1A-positive tumor cells. NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1A, members of the cancer-testis antigen (CTA) family, are overexpressed on the surface of various tumor cell types; they share a specific HLA-A*0201 epitope, 157-165, which is expressed on certain tumor cell types while its expression is not found on normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-NY-ESO1/LAGE-1A TCR/scFv Anti-CD3 IMCnyeso","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-NY-ESO1/LAGE-1A TCR/scFv Anti-CD3 IMCnyeso","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific NY-ESO-1- and LAGE-1A-specific TCR/Anti-CD3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA- A*0201-Restricted NY-ESO-1- and LAGE-1A-specific Soluble TCR/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Molecule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMCnyeso","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554387"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793936"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793936"}]}}{"C147578":{"preferredName":"Anti-NaPi2b Monoclonal Antibody XMT-1535","code":"C147578","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary humanized monoclonal antibody against human sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (SLC34A2; NaPi2b), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of XMT-1535, the antibody targets and binds to NaPi2b expressed on tumor cells. Although the tumor cell killing effects of XMT-1535 are not established, this binding may induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediated immune response against NaPi2b-expressing tumor cells, and/or may inhibit NaPi2b-mediated sodium and phosphate ion cotransport activity and ion-dependent tumor cell signaling. NaPi2b, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on a variety of tumor cells. It plays a key role in the transport of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and the maintenance of phosphate homeostasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-NaPi2b MoAb XMT-1535","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-NaPi2b Monoclonal Antibody XMT-1535","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-NaPi2b Monoclonal Antibody XMT-1535","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb XMT-1535","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT 1535","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT-1535","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT1535","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545380"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C91728":{"preferredName":"Vesencumab","code":"C91728","definitions":[{"description":"A human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against neuropilin-1 (NRP1), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, vesencumab specifically targets and binds to NRP1; the antibody-NRP1 complex prevents the subsequent coupling of NRP1 to VEGFR2, thereby potentially inhibiting VEGF-mediated signaling and potentially preventing angiogenesis. In combination with other anti-VEGF therapies, vesencumab may enhance their anti-angiogenic effect. NRP1 is a membrane-bound co-receptor normally expressed by endothelial cells and overexpressed by certain tumor cells, and plays a role in angiogenesis, cell survival, migration, and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin GL, Anti-(Human Neuropilin 1) (Human Monoclonal MNRP1685a Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal MNRP1685a Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MNRP-1685A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MNRP1685A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VESENCUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vesencumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vesencumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984519"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1205533-60-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7SF22186WT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614996"}]}}{"C91721":{"preferredName":"Anti-Nucleolin Aptamer AS1411","code":"C91721","definitions":[{"description":"A 26-base guanine-rich oligodeoxynucleotide aptamer with potential apoptotic induction activity. Upon administration, anti-nucleolin aptamer AS1411 targets and binds to nucleolin, a nucleolar phosphoprotein which is overexpressed on the surface of certain cancer cells. Via binding to cell surface nucleolin, AS1411 is internalized and may prevent nucleolin from binding to and stabilizing mRNA of the anti-apoptotic BCL2, thereby destabilizing BCL2 mRNA, leading to a reduction in BCL2 protein synthesis. This may lead to the induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AS1411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Nucleolin Aptamer AS1411","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Nucleolin Aptamer AS1411","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1744513"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"565948"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"565948"}]}}{"C118368":{"preferredName":"Anti-OFA Immunotherapeutic BB-MPI-03","code":"C118368","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of 3 different cytotoxic T-cell epitopes derived from the tumor-associated antigen oncofetal antigen (OFA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, anti-OFA immunotherapeutic vaccine BB-MPI-03 activates the immune system to elicit a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing OFA. OFA, also called immature laminin receptor protein (iLRP), is expressed in fetal tissues and is overexpressed in various cancers; its expression is correlated with cancer cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OFA Immunotherapeutic BB-MPI-03","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-OFA Immunotherapeutic BB-MPI-03","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB-MPI-03","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBMPI03","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896736"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764767"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764767"}]}}{"C161864":{"preferredName":"Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-368","code":"C161864","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, anti-OX40 agonist monoclonal antibody ABBV-368 selectively binds to and activates OX40. This may induce the proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and inhibit the function of T-regulatory cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes and plays an essential role in T-cell activation and differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 368","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-368","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV368","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-368","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-368","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-368","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-368","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C121927":{"preferredName":"Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody PF-04518600","code":"C121927","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, anti-OX40 agonist monoclonal antibody PF-04518600 selectively binds to and activates OX40; which induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote a T-cell-mediated immune response against TAA-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes and plays an essential role in T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody PF-04518600","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody PF-04518600","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04518600","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PF-04518600","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF04518600","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053606"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"APS3IS9D6W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C128026":{"preferredName":"Anti-OX40 Antibody BMS 986178","code":"C128026","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic monoclonal antibody against the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody BMS 986178 selectively binds to and activates the OX40 receptor, by mimicking the action of the endogenous OX40 ligand (OX40L). OX40 receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response against the TAA-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Antibody BMS 986178","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Antibody BMS 986178","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986178","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BMS-986178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507919"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P9XVH8H2HF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781172"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781172"}]}}{"C124783":{"preferredName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody GSK3174998","code":"C124783","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against the cell surface receptor OX40 (CD134; TNFRSF4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody GSK3174998 selectively binds to and activates OX40. Receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and results in a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which leads to tumor cell lysis. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal that promotes both the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody GSK3174998","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody GSK3174998","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-3174998","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GSK3174998","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503015"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CT69TVL1KE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C158507":{"preferredName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody IBI101","code":"C158507","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic fully human anti-OX40 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4; CD134; OX40L receptor) with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody IBI101 selectively binds to and activates OX40. Receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and results in a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which leads to tumor cell lysis. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal that promotes both the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody IBI101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938052"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797150"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797150"}]}}{"C124058":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Checkpoint Inhibitor PF-06801591","code":"C124058","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the human inhibitory receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor PF-06801591 targets and binds to PD-1 and blocks the interaction between PD-1 and its ligands, PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) against tumor cells. PD-1, an inhibitory receptor belonging to the B7-receptor family, is expressed on activated T-lymphocytes, B-cells and NK cells; it functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands, and plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Checkpoint Inhibitor PF-06801591","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Checkpoint Inhibitor PF-06801591","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 PF-06801591","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06801591","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502495"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776395"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776395"}]}}{"C97039":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Fusion Protein AMP-224","code":"C97039","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant B7-DC Fc-fusion protein composed of the extracellular domain of the PD-1 ligand programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2, B7-DC) and the Fc region of human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-PD-1 fusion protein AMP-224 specifically binds to PD-1 on chronically stimulated T-cells and reduces their proliferation. This may restore immune function and may result in the activation of cytotoxic T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein of Ig superfamily and inhibitor receptor expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands, and plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. AMP-224 does not bind normal activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMP-224","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AMP-224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Fusion Protein AMP-224","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Fusion Protein AMP-224","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429646"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SKF3JJJ5QA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700595"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700595"}]}}{"C155879":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody AK105","code":"C155879","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody AK105 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AK 105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody AK105","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562705"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794779"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794779"}]}}{"C161597":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 404","code":"C161597","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody AMG 404 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; B7-H1; CD274) and 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 404","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-404","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG404","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 404","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 404","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798431"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798431"}]}}{"C162871":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody BAT1306","code":"C162871","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody BAT1306 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody BAT1306","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD1 Monoclonal Antibody BAT1306","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT 1306","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT-1306","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT1306","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798913"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798913"}]}}{"C148155":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody BCD-100","code":"C148155","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody BCD-100 binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody BCD-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD 100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550789"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792520"}]}}{"C132252":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody BI 754091","code":"C132252","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, BI 754091 selectively binds to and blocks the activation of PD-1, an immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily transmembrane protein, by its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which is overexpressed on certain cancer cells, and programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2), which is primarily expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This results in the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. Activated PD-1 negatively regulates T-cell activation and plays a key role in in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody BI 754091","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody BI 754091","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 754091","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520361"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787036"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787036"}]}}{"C156726":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody CS1003","code":"C156726","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody CS1003 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody CS1003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS 1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935855"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795581"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795581"}]}}{"C162636":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody F520","code":"C162636","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody F520 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; B7-H1; CD274) and 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody F520","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F 520","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F520","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HX 008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798724"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798724"}]}}{"C159549":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody GLS-010","code":"C159549","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody GLS-010 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; B7-H1; CD274) and 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB 122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody GLS-010","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody GLS-010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLS 010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLS-010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLS010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797805"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797805"}]}}{"C156738":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody HLX10","code":"C156738","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody HLX10 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody HLX10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX 10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX-10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935905"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795682"}]}}{"C160717":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody HX008","code":"C160717","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody HX008 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody HX008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HX 008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HX-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HX008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797959"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797959"}]}}{"C157485":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody JTX-4014","code":"C157485","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody JTX-4014 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody JTX-4014","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JTX 4014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JTX-4014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JTX4014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937077"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796722"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796722"}]}}{"C153149":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody LZM009","code":"C153149","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, LZM009 binds to PD-1 and inhibits the binding of PD-1 to the PD-1 ligands, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways, leading to the activation of both T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1 is a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily expressed on activated T-cells that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands. PD-1 plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody LZM009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LZM 009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LZM-009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LZM009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554402"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793463"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793463"}]}}{"C113332":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0680","code":"C113332","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody MEDI0680 binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the Ig superfamily expressed on T cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMP-514","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0680","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0680","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI0680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458160"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756047"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756047"}]}}{"C142168":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody MGA012","code":"C142168","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody MGA012 binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody MGA012","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody MGA012","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCMGA 0012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCMGA-0012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCMGA00012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCMGA0012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGA 012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGA-012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGA012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540160"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791453"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791453"}]}}{"C142865":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Sym021","code":"C142865","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1 , PCD-1; PDCD1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody Sym021 binds to and inhibits PD-1 activation and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is expressed on T-cells and functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2). Activated PD-1 plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Sym021","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Sym021","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD1 Monoclonal Antibody Sym021","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540754"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791807"}]}}{"C126799":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-042","code":"C126799","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; programmed death-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody TSR-042 binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the Ig superfamily expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint protein that negatively regulates T-cell activation and T-cell-mediated immune responses when activated by its ligands programmed cell death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANB011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-042","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-042","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSR-042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507894"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780223"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780223"}]}}{"C158505":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-CTLA4 DART Protein MGD019","code":"C158505","definitions":[{"description":"A hinge stabilized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) tetravalent bispecific antibody-like protein directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA4 dual-affinity re-targeting (DART) protein MGD019 specifically binds to both PD-1 and CTLA4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and inhibits the PD-1- and CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation. Dual blockade of PD1 and CTLA4 pathways provides enhanced activity against PD1+CTLA4+ double positive cells and may increase T-cell activation and proliferation compared to the blockade of either immune checkpoint alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-CTLA4 DART Protein MGD019","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-CTLA4 DART Protein MGD019","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific DART Protein MGD019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-1 x CTLA4 DART Protein MGD019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual-affinity Retargeting Protein MGD019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD 019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD-019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x CTLA4 Bispecific DART Molecule MGD019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x CTLA4 DART Protein MGD019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938054"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797142"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797142"}]}}{"C143957":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-LAG-3 DART Protein MGD013","code":"C143957","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-bearing, humanized antibody-like protein that specifically recognizes the immune checkpoint molecules programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PD1; PDCD1; CD279; Programmed Death 1) and lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential T-lymphocyte immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-PD-1/anti-LAG-3 dual-affinity re-targeting (DART) protein MGD013 specifically binds to both PD-1 and LAG-3, which are both expressed on T-cells. The dual blockade of the PD-1 and LAG-3 pathways enables potent activation of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. PD-1 and LAG-3 play key roles in suppressing T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-LAG-3 DART Protein MGD013","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-LAG-3 DART Protein MGD013","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific DART Protein MGD013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual-affinity Retargeting Protein MGD013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x LAG-3 Bispecific DART Molecule MGD013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x LAG-3 DART Molecule MGD013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x LAG-3 DART Protein MGD013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542159"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792154"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792154"}]}}{"C160605":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody LY3434172","code":"C160605","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody targeting both the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and its ligand, human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1; CD274), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 bispecific antibody LY3434172 simultaneously targets and binds to PD-1, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. This prevents PD-L1 from binding to and activating its receptor PD-1 and inhibits the PD-L1/PD-1-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation. This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody LY3434172","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody LY3434172","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody LY3434172","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody LY3434172","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3434172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3434172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3434172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C153379":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody AK104","code":"C153379","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AK 104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK-104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 x CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody AK104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody AK104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD1/Anti-CTLA4 Bispecific Antibody AK104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x CTLA-4 Dual Checkpoint Inhibitor AK104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554535"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793930"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793930"}]}}{"C160714":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7121661","code":"C160714","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody directed against both the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/TIM-3 bispecific antibody RO7121661 simultaneously targets and binds to both TIM-3 and PD-1 expressed on certain T-cells. This blocks the interaction of TIM-3 with some of its physiologic ligands and prevents the activation of PD-1 by its ligands, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is often co-expressed with PD-1 on tumor-antigen-specific T-cells. Dual checkpoint blockade of PD-1 and TIM-3 may enhance T-cell activation and proliferation more than the blockade of either immune checkpoint receptor alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 x TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7121661","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7121661","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7121661","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7121661","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-7121661","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7121661","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797892"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797892"}]}}{"C163992":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody A167","code":"C163992","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody A167 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A 167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody A167","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KL A167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KL-A167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KLA167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799136"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799136"}]}}{"C156741":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody BCD-135","code":"C156741","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody BCD-135 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody BCD-135","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD 135","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD-135","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD135","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935904"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795701"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795701"}]}}{"C155654":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A333","code":"C155654","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)-variant monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody BGB-A333 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-L1/PD-1 signaling, increases T-cell expansion and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, BGB-A333 blocks the interaction between PD-L1 and its other receptor, the immunostimulatory molecule cluster of differentiation 80 (CD80; B7-1). This prevents PD-L1/CD80 signaling and inhibits the induction of PD-L1-induced apoptosis of activated CD8+ T-cells and increases T-cell proliferation. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1 negatively regulates T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A333","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB A333","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-A333","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGBA333","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556266"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794412"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794412"}]}}{"C156692":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody CBT-502","code":"C156692","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody CBT-502 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, preventing the binding and subsequent activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-L1/PD-1 signaling, increases T-cell expansion and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1, a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is overexpressed in some cancer types and plays a significant role in immune evasion by tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody CBT-502","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody TQB2450","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBT 502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBT-502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBT502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB 2450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB-2450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB2450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935711"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795708"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795708"}]}}{"C151947":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody CK-301","code":"C151947","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody CK-301 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody CK-301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CK 301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CK-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553175"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793157"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793157"}]}}{"C154550":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody CS1001","code":"C154550","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody CS1001 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells. Anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody CS1001 mirrors natural immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4), potentially reducing immunogenicity and other toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody CS1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody WBP 3155","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS 1001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WBP 315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WBP-315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WBP315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555350"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794350"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794350"}]}}{"C131537":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody FAZ053","code":"C131537","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody FAZ053 binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1), which may enhance the T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immune response and reverse T-cell inactivation. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8+ T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody FAZ053","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody FAZ053","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAZ 053","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAZ-053","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAZ053","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514246"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786263"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786263"}]}}{"C159538":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody GR1405","code":"C159538","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody GR1405 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody GR1405","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR 1405","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR-1405","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR1405","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797479"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797479"}]}}{"C165270":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody HLX20","code":"C165270","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody HLX20 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody HLX20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX 20","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX-20","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX20","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-L1-targeting Monoclonal Antibody HLX20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799415"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799415"}]}}{"C128138":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody LY3300054","code":"C128138","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) with immune checkpoint inhibitory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody LY3300054 binds to PD-L1 and prevents the interaction of PD-L1 with its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). This inhibits the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways, which may enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response to neoplasms and reverse T-cell inactivation. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8+ T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Checkpoint Antibody LY3300054","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody LY3300054","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody LY3300054","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Checkpoint Antibody LY3300054","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3300054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507936"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782062"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782062"}]}}{"C78852":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1105","code":"C78852","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) with immune checkpoint inhibitory and potential antineoplastic activities. Anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody MDX-1105 binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1), which may enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response to neoplasms and reverse T-cell inactivation. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8+ T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1105","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1105","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 936559","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-1105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387680"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612730"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612730"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-PD-L1_Monoclonal_Antibody_MDX-1105"}]}}{"C155931":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MSB2311","code":"C155931","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. The anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody MSB2311 contains a unique, not as of yet elucidated, pH-dependent antigen binding property allowing the antibody to only bind to PD-L1 within the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME), while it is not able to bind to PD-L1 in normal, healthy tissue. Upon administration, once able to bind to PD-L1 in the TME, MSB2311 blocks the binding of PD-L1 to and activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-L1/PD-1 signaling, increases T-cell expansion and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1 negatively regulates T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MSB2311","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MSB2311","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PDL1 Monoclonal Antibody MSB2311","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MSB2311","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB 2311","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB-2311","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB2311","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562806"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795264"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795264"}]}}{"C148535":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1316","code":"C148535","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4), humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody SHR-1316 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1316","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HTI-1088","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-1316","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551134"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792709"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792709"}]}}{"C158095":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody TG-1501","code":"C158095","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody TG-1501 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody TG-1501","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody TG-1501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PDL1 Monoclonal Antibody TG-1501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG 1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937684"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797005"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797005"}]}}{"C162504":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody ZKAB001","code":"C162504","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody ZKAB001 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody ZKAB001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PDL1 Monoclonal Antibody ZKAB001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STI A1014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STI-A1014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STIA1014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZKAB 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZKAB-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZKAB001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798649"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798649"}]}}{"C159978":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody INBRX-105","code":"C159978","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized, bispecific antibody targeting both the human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/4-1BB bispecific antibody INBRX-105 simultaneously targets and binds to 4-1BB, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes, and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. Through 4-1BB binding, INBRX-105 acts as a conditional 4-1BB agonist, resulting in T-cell co-stimulation and enhanced anti-tumor activity. At the same time, INBRX-105 prevents PD-L1 from binding to and activating its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. 4-1BB, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody INBRX-105","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody INBRX-105","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/CD137 Bispecific Antibody INBRX-105","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX 105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDL1 x 4-1BB Bispecific Antibody INBRX-105","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDL1 x CD137 Bispecific Antibody INBRX-105","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797967"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797967"}]}}{"C160772":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1/CD137 Bispecific Antibody MCLA-145","code":"C160772","definitions":[{"description":"A full-length, Fc-silenced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/CD137 bispecific antibody MCLA-145 simultaneously targets and binds to CD137, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes, and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells, thereby crosslinking PD-L1-expressing tumor cells and T-lymphocytes. Through CD137 binding, MCLA-145 acts as a conditional CD137 agonist, resulting in T-cell co-stimulation and enhanced anti-tumor activity. At the same time, MCLA-145 prevents PD-L1 from binding to and activating its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. CD137, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity. Crosslinking of PD-L1-expressing tumor cells and activated T-lymphocytes may enhance T-lymphocyte-mediated lysis of PD-L1-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody MCLA-145","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/Anti-CD137 Bispecific Antibody MCLA-145","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/CD137 Bispecific Antibody MCLA-145","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/CD137 Bispecific Antibody MCLA-145","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA 145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA-145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798414"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798414"}]}}{"C157058":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1/TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody LY3415244","code":"C157058","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody directed against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, LY3415244 simultaneously targets and binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. This blocks the interaction of TIM-3 with some of its physiologic ligands and prevents PD-L1 from binding to and activating its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is often co-expressed with PD-1 on tumor-antigen-specific T-cells. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody LY3415244","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody LY3415244","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3415244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3415244","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3415244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936018"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796576"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796576"}]}}{"C136465":{"preferredName":"Balstilimab","code":"C136465","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1, PCD-1; PDCD1) protein, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, balstilimab binds to PD-1, and thereby blocks its binding to the PD-1 ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and prevents the activation of its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of cytotoxic T-cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligand; it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGEN 2034","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN-2034","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN2034","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BALSTILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Balstilimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Balstilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523768"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2230167-06-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1Q2QT5M7EO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789509"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789509"}]}}{"C150463":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD1/CTLA4 Bispecific Antibody XmAb20717","code":"C150463","definitions":[{"description":"A Fc-engineered bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD1/CTLA4 bispecific antibody XmAb20717 targets and binds to both PD-1 and CTLA4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs) and inhibits the PD-1- and CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation. This restores immune function and activates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. Both PD-1 and CTLA4 are selectively expressed on TILs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and negatively regulate the activation and effector functions of T-cells. They play key roles in the downregulation of the immune system and tumor evasion from host immunity. Dual checkpoint blockade of PD1 and CTLA4 with XmAb20717 may enhance T cell activation and proliferation more than the blockade of either immune checkpoint receptor alone. The engineered Fc domain increases the stability and half-life of the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-CTLA-4 XmAb20717","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD1/CTLA4 Bispecific Antibody XmAb20717","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD1/CTLA4 Bispecific Antibody XmAb20717","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody XmAb20717","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x CTLA-4 Dual Checkpoint Inhibitor XmAb20717","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb 20717","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb20717","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552206"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793410"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793410"}]}}{"C91386":{"preferredName":"Anti-PGF Monoclonal Antibody RO5323441","code":"C91386","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the placenta growth factor (PGF), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-PGF monoclonal antibody RO5323441 binds to both PGF-1 and -2, thereby inhibiting the binding of PGF-1 and -2 to the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) and subsequent VEGFR-1 phosphorylation. This may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. PGF, a member of the VEGF sub-family and a key molecule in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, is upregulated in many cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PGF Monoclonal Antibody RO5323441","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5323441","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THR 317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THR-317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THR317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984207"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680940"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680940"}]}}{"C84847":{"preferredName":"Anti-PKN3 siRNA Atu027","code":"C84847","definitions":[{"description":"A lipoplexed formulation consisting of short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against protein kinase N3 (PKN3) encapsulated in catiogenic and fusiogenic lipids with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, catiogenic and fusiogenic lipids promote anti-PKN3 siRNA Atu02 uptake by tumor cells; the siRNAs moieties are subsequently released once inside the cell. The siRNAs bind to PKN3 mRNAs, which may result in the inhibition of translation and expression of the PKN3 protein and, so, growth inhibition of tumor cells that overexpress PKN3. The protein kinase C-related molecule PKN3, downstream in the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway, is upregulated in many tumor cells and plays an important role in invasive cell growth and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PKN3 siRNA Atu027","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atu027","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827525"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650831"}]}}{"C78486":{"preferredName":"Anti-PLGF Monoclonal Antibody TB-403","code":"C78486","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against placental growth factor (PLGF) with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic acivities. Anti-PLGF monoclonal antibody TB-403 binds to PLGF, inhibiting the binding of PLGF to the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. PLGF is a protein that belongs to the family of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PLGF Monoclonal Antibody TB-403","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Placental Growth Factor Monoclonal Antibody TB-403","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7334","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TB-403","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387523"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601058"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601058"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-PLGF_Monoclonal_Antibody_TB-403"}]}}{"C123924":{"preferredName":"Anti-PR1/HLA-A2 Monoclonal Antibody Hu8F4","code":"C123924","definitions":[{"description":"A T-cell receptor (TCR)-like monoclonal antibody against PR1, a 9 amino-acid (VLQELNVTV) human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted leukemia-associated antigen (LAA) derived from the myeloid leukemia-associated antigens proteinase 3 (P3) and neutrophil elastase (NE), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PR1/HLA-A2 monoclonal antibody Hu8F4 selectively binds to a combined epitope of the PR1/HLA-A2 complex expressed on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts and leukemic stem cells (LSC), and prevents PR1/HLA-A2-mediated signaling. This induces complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), to a lesser extent, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and CDC/ADCC-independent cytolysis of myeloid leukemia cells. This results in a reduction of cellular proliferation in PR1/HLA-A2-overexpressing leukemic cells. PR1 in combination with the HLA-A2 molecule is highly expressed on AML blasts and LSCs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PR1/HLA-A2 Monoclonal Antibody Hu8F4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PR1/HLA-A2 Monoclonal Antibody Hu8F4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu8F4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498288"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775929"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775929"}]}}{"C116848":{"preferredName":"Anti-PRAME Immunotherapeutic GSK2302032A","code":"C116848","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic agent targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA), preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME), with potential antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PRAME Immunotherapeutic GSK2302032A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PRAME Immunotherapeutic GSK2302032A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-2302032A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2302032A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRAME ASCI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421661"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681985"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681985"}]}}{"C151931":{"preferredName":"Anti-PRL-3 Monoclonal Antibody PRL3-zumab","code":"C151931","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody against phosphatase of regenerating liver 3 (PRL-3; PTP4A3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PRL-3 monoclonal antibody PRL3-zumab targets, binds to and blocks PRL-3 expressed on tumor cells. Although the exact mechanism of action through which this antibody kills tumor cells has yet to be fully elucidated, PRL3-zumab binds to PRL-3. This prevents PRL-3-mediated signaling in, inhibits the proliferation of and induces apoptosis in PRL-3-expressing tumor cells. PRL-3, a member of the PRL family of protein tyrosine kinases, is upregulated in a variety of tumor cells. Its expression is associated with increased invasiveness, higher metastatic potential, increased tumor cell survival and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PRL-3 Monoclonal Antibody PRL3-zumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRL3 Zumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRL3-zumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553270"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793124"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793124"}]}}{"C71157":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSCA Monoclonal Antibody AGS-1C4D4","code":"C71157","definitions":[{"description":"An IgG1k fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the human prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-PSCA fully human monoclonal antibody MK4721 selectively targets and binds to PSCA, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing PSCA. PSCA is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked cell surface antigen found in cancers of the bladder, pancreas, and prostate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS-1C4D4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PSCA Monoclonal Antibody AGS-1C4D4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSCA Monoclonal Antibody AGS-1C4D4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK4721","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347292"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570981"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570981"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_MK4721"}]}}{"C113439":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody MDX1201-A488","code":"C113439","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, human monoclonal antibody targeting an extracellular epitope of human prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) that is conjugated with a fluorescent dye A488, with potential imaging activity. Upon intravenous administration, the MDX1201 moiety of anti-PSMA monoclonal antibody MDX1201-A488 targets PSMA expressed on cancer cells. Subsequently, the A488 moiety can then be visualized by fluorescence-based imaging and the amount of PSMA-expressing tumor cells can be assessed. A488 is a photostable fluorescent dye with a high quantum yield. PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen and type II transmembrane protein, is expressed on the membrane of prostatic epithelial cells and overexpressed on prostate tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody MDX1201-A488","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody MDX1201-A488","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX1201-A488","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458233"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756416"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756416"}]}}{"C26660":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody MLN591-DM1 Immunoconjugate MLN2704","code":"C26660","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of prostate cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antibody drug conjugates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An immunoconjugate that consists of a humanized monoclonal antibody (MLN591), directed against prostate-specific membrane antigen linked to a maytansinoid (DM1). The monoclonal antibody moiety of MLN2704 binds to tumor cells expressing prostate-specific membrane antigen; MLN274 is then internalized into the tumor cell where the DM1 maytansinoid moiety binds to tubulin and inhibits tubulin polymerization and microtubule assembly, resulting in a disruption of microtubule activity and cell division, and cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody MLN591-DM1 Immunoconjugate MLN2704","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN2704","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MLN591DM1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MLN591DM1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327945"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299464"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299464"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MLN2704"}]}}{"C95707":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate","code":"C95707","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), conjugated via a stable, enzyme-cleavable linker to monomethylauristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of this conjugate selectively binds to PSMA, a protein which is abundantly expressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody-Monomethylauristatin E Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA-MMAE-ADC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA ADC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Antibody-Drug Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987347"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709281"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709281"}]}}{"C162936":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA/CD28 Bispecific Antibody REGN5678","code":"C162936","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and the co-stimulatory T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PSMA/CD28 bispecific antibody REGN5678, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD28 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and PSMA found on PSMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to PSMA-expressing tumor cells, which may result in the CTL-mediated cell death of PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PSMA is overexpressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/Anti-CD28 Bispecific Antibody REGN5678","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD28 Bispecific Antibody REGN5678","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD28 Bispecific Antibody REGN5678","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMAxCD28 Antibody REGN5678","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 5678","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-5678","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN5678","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799093"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799093"}]}}{"C163976":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63898081","code":"C163976","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PSMA/CD3 bispecific antibody JNJ-63898081, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and PSMA found on PSMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to PSMA-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PSMA, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63898081","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63898081","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 63898081","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-63898081","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ63898081","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C118626":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MOR209/ES414","code":"C118626","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)/anti-CD3 bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-PSMA/CD3 monoclonal antibody MOR209/ES414 possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of prostate tumor cells. Upon intravenous administration of MOR209/ES414, this bispecific antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and PSMA-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking PSMA-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in CTL-mediated cancer cell lysis of prostate cancer cells expressing PSMA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MOR209/ES414","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MOR209/ES414","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOR209/ES414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896808"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765517"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765517"}]}}{"C140552":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA/PBD ADC MEDI3726","code":"C140552","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an engineered version of anti-human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) monoclonal antibody J591 conjugated, via a valine-alanine dipeptide linker, to tesirine, a cytotoxic, DNA minor groove crosslinking agent and pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-PSMA/PBD ADC MEDI3726, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen PSMA, which is found on prostate cancer cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization and lysosome-mediated cleavage of the dipeptide linker, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. In turn, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of PSMA-overexpressing tumor cells. PSMA is overexpressed by prostate cancers; its expression is associated with poor prognosis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC MEDI3726","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT 401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT-401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/PBD ADC MEDI3726","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/PBD ADC MEDI3726","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 3726","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-3726","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MEDI-3726","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI3726","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538618"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SA4H7K0SW2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791113"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791113"}]}}{"C123828":{"preferredName":"Cofetuzumab Pelidotin","code":"C123828","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody against human inactive tyrosine-protein kinase 7 (PTK7) linked, via a cleavable valine-citrulline linker, to an analog of the auristatin microtubule inhibitor dolastatin 10, auristatin-0101, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cofetuzumab pelidotin targets and binds to PTK7 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and cleavage, auristatin-0101 binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis of PTK7-expressing tumor cells. PTK7, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC PF-06647020","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC PF-7020","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COFETUZUMAB PELIDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cofetuzumab Pelidotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cofetuzumab Pelidotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(human protein tyrosine kinase 7) (humanized Mus musculus clone hu24 gamma-chain), Disulfide with humanized Mus musculus clone hu24 kappa-chain, Dimer, Thioether with N-(((4-((N-(6-(2,5-Dihydro-2,5-dioxo-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-1-oxohexyl)-L-valyl-N5-(aminocarbonyl)-L-ornithyl)amino)phenyl)methoxy)carbonyl)-2-methylalanyl-N-((1S,2R)-2-methoxy-4-((2S)-2-((1R,2R)-1-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxo-3-(((1S)-2-phenyl-1-(2-thiazolyl)ethyl)amino)propyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-((1S)-1-methylpropyl)-4-oxobutyl)-N-methyl-L-valinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06647020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 7020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06647020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-7020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF06647020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"h6M24-vc0101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474137"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1869937-48-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"249EAP69MT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764236"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764236"}]}}{"C156791":{"preferredName":"Anti-PVRIG Monoclonal Antibody COM701","code":"C156791","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, hybridoma monoclonal antibody against the poliovirus receptor-related immunoglobulin (PVRIG; PVR Related Immunoglobulin Domain Containing Protein; CD112R), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PVRIG monoclonal antibody COM701 targets and binds to PVRIG expressed on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This blocks the interaction of PVRIG with its ligand nectin cell adhesion molecule 2 (poliovirus receptor-related 2; PVRL2; CD112), which is overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types. Inhibiting the activation of PVRIG, abrogates the PVRIG-induced inhibition of T-lymphocyte and NK cell activation. This activates CTLs and NK cells, enhances anti-tumor responses and immune-mediated tumor cell killing, and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. PVRIG, a member of the B7/CD28 family and immune checkpoint receptor that, upon activation, negatively regulates the activation of various immune cells. It plays a key role in immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PVRIG Monoclonal Antibody COM701","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PVRIG Monoclonal Antibody COM701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-poliovirus Receptor-related Immunoglobulin COM701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COM 701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COM-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COM701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PVRIG Inhibitor COM701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935797"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796463"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796463"}]}}{"C157772":{"preferredName":"Anti-ROR1 ADC VLS-101","code":"C157772","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of VLS-101 targets and binds to ROR1 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the ROR1-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. ROR1, also known as neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor-related 1 (NTRKR1), is expressed during embryogenesis and by certain leukemias. It plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ROR1 ADC VLS-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ROR1 ADC VLS-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate VLS-101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VLS 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VLS-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VLS101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937381"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797160"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797160"}]}}{"C157061":{"preferredName":"Anti-S15 Monoclonal Antibody NC318","code":"C157061","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 15 (Siglec-15; SIGLEC15; S15), a member of the sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin type lectins, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon administration, anti-S15 monoclonal antibody NC318 targets and binds to S15 on the surface of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and certain tumor cells. Binding to S15 may disrupt TAM-mediated activities such as promotion of tumor initiation and metastasis of tumor cells, inhibition of T-cell responses, and stimulation of tumor angiogenesis and disease progression. S15, a highly conserved type 1 cell surface protein, normally involved in osteoclast differentiation and bone remodeling, may play a role in the survival and differentiation of TAMs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-S15 Monoclonal Antibody NC318","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-S15 Monoclonal Antibody NC318","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-S15 mAb NC318","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Siglec-15 Monoclonal Antibody NC318","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC 318","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC-318","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC318","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936043"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796496"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796496"}]}}{"C157501":{"preferredName":"Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody CC-95251","code":"C157501","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody targeting signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa; CD172a) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-SIRPa monoclonal antibody CC-95251 targets and binds to SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages, thereby blocking the interaction between SIRPa and cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) expressed on tumor cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages. This results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. In addition, blocking CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling activates both an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. SIRPa, also known as tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type substrate 1, mediates negative regulation of phagocytosis, mast cell activation and dendritic cell activation. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody CC-95251","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody CC-95251","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody CC-95251","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 95251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-95251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC95251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937061"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796792"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796792"}]}}{"C111995":{"preferredName":"Anti-SLITRK6 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate AGS15E","code":"C111995","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against SLIT and NTRK-like protein 6 (SLITRK6), covalently linked to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent inhibitor of microtubule polymerization, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of AGS15E binds to SLITRK6 expressed on tumor cells, which facilitates both AGS15E internalization and the intracellular delivery of MMAE. Upon cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. SLITRK6, a member of the Slitrk family of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) neuronal transmembrane proteins, is minimally expressed in normal tissue but overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including bladder cancer, some forms of lung cancer, breast cancer and glioblastoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS15E","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASG-15ME","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-SLITRK6 ADC AGS15E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-SLITRK6 Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS15E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-SLITRK6 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate AGS15E","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-SLITRK6 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate AGS15E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454284"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754120"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754120"}]}}{"C28880":{"preferredName":"Anti-TAG-72 Monoclonal Antibody scFV CC-49/218","code":"C28880","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin derived from the single-chain antigen-binding domain (sFv) of the monoclonal antibody CC-49 with potential antineoplastic activity. The parent monoclonal antibody CC-49 binds to the tumor-associated glycoprotein TAG-72 with high affinity, recognizing many tumor cell types that express TAG-72. Because of its single-chain structure, CC-49/218 sFv may exhibit a longer half-life than the parent monoclonal antibody CC-49; 218 represents the linker sequence that helps reduce aggregation and proteolysis of this agent. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TAG-72 Monoclonal Antibody scFV CC-49/218","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Single-chain Fv construct of CC49 monoclonal antibody containing a linker sequence 218 that targets tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511412"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CC49-218_sFv"}]}}{"C96430":{"preferredName":"Anti-TF Monoclonal Antibody ALT-836","code":"C96430","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody against human tissue factor (TF), with potential antiangiogenic, anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon administration, anti-TF monoclonal antibody ALT-836 binds to TF or the TF-Factor VIIa (FVIIa) complex preventing binding and activation of Factor X (FX) and Factor IX (FIX). This may prevent thrombin formation and cancer-associated venous thromboembolism, and may inhibit angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. TF, a transmembrane protein and procoagulant, is overexpressed in many tumor cell types, and is correlated with metastasis, angiogenesis, tumor growth and tumor-associated thrombosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALT-836","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TF MoAb ALT-836","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TF Monoclonal Antibody ALT-836","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TF Monoclonal Antibody ALT-836","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272773"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698353"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698353"}]}}{"C132250":{"preferredName":"Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody NIS793","code":"C132250","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-TGF-beta monoclonal antibody NIS793 specifically targets and binds to TGF-beta, thereby preventing the activation of TGF-beta-mediated signaling pathways. TGF-beta, a pro-inflammatory mediator that is mutated and/or overexpressed in a number of cancer cell types, is involved in cancer cell proliferation and migration, and tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody NIS793","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody NIS793","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIS793","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520460"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786999"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786999"}]}}{"C146862":{"preferredName":"Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody SAR-439459","code":"C146862","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta; TGFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-TGF-beta monoclonal antibody SAR-439459 specifically targets and binds to TGF-beta, thereby preventing the activation of TGF-beta-mediated signaling pathways. This may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells in which TGF-beta is overactivated. TGF-beta, a pro-inflammatory mediator that is mutated and/or overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, is involved in cancer cell proliferation and migration, and in tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody SAR-439459","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody SAR-439459","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TGFb SAR-439459","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-transforming Growth Factor-beta mAb SAR439459","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 439459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-439459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR439459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544827"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792270"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792270"}]}}{"C102853":{"preferredName":"Anti-TGF-beta RII Monoclonal Antibody IMC-TR1","code":"C102853","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against transforming growth factor-beta receptor type II (TGF-beta RII) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-TGF-beta RII monoclonal antibody IMC-TR1 specifically targets and binds to TGF-beta R11, thereby preventing the activation of TGF-beta RII-mediated signaling pathways. TGF-beta RII is mutated in a number of cancer cell types and is involved in cancer cell proliferation and tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TGF-beta RII Monoclonal Antibody IMC-TR1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TGF-beta RII Monoclonal Antibody IMC-TR1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-TR1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3022859","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437134"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737617"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737617"}]}}{"C162875":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody AB154","code":"C162875","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody AB154 targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PRR2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5). This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells. This leads to CD226 dimerization and CD226-mediated signaling and activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family (IgSF) and an immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB 154","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-154","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB154","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody AB154","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798948"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798948"}]}}{"C131907":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986207","code":"C131907","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody BMS-986207 binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5). This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells, and leads to CD226 dimerization and CD226-mediated signaling. This activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family and an immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986207","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986207","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986207","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BMS-986207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520364"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"81J55YFQ16"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786363"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786363"}]}}{"C142821":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody OMP-313M32","code":"C142821","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody targeting the human co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody OMP-313M32 binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, including T-cells, and prevents the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5). This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8-positive T-cells, and leads to CD226 dimerization and CD226-mediated signaling. This activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family and an immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody OMP-313M32","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody OMP-313M32","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT OMP-313M32","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP 313M32","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP-313M32","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540712"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791697"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791697"}]}}{"C148042":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIM-3 Antibody BMS-986258","code":"C148042","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Following administration, anti-TIM-3 antibody BMS-986258 binds to TIM-3 that is expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which together result in decreased tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Antibody BMS-986258","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Antibody BMS-986258","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Antibody BMS-986258","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545803"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795721"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795721"}]}}{"C157242":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A425","code":"C157242","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, BGB-A425 binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the engagement of TIM-3 by its ligands, phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and galectin-9. This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which results in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A425","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A425","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB A425","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-A425","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGBA425","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936885"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C162625":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02390","code":"C162625","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human Fc-engineered immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1kappa) antibody directed against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, INCAGN02390 forms a high-affinity interaction with TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, thereby preventing the engagement of TIM-3 by its ligands, phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and galectin-9. This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which results in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. Additionally, INCAGN02390 elicits TIM-3 receptor internalization, potentially preventing interactions with other ligands.TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor expressed on certain lymphocytes, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02390","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02390","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN 02390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN-02390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN02390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798754"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798754"}]}}{"C124850":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody MBG453","code":"C124850","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-TIM-3 checkpoint inhibitor MBG453 binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain immune cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis resulting in a reduction in tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein expressed on certain T-cells, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody MBG453","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody MBG453","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Checkpoint Inhibitor MBG453","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBG 453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBG453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503065"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777759"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777759"}]}}{"C150560":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody Sym023","code":"C150560","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-TIM-3 monoclonal antibody Sym023 binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which results in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody Sym023","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody Sym023","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody Sym023","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym 023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym-023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552361"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793443"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793443"}]}}{"C128627":{"preferredName":"Cobolimab","code":"C128627","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cobolimab binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which results in a reduction in tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Checkpoint Inhibitor TSR-022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COBOLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cobolimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cobolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4, Anti-(Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2 (havcr2)) (Humanized Clone ABT2 Gamma4-chain), Disulfide with Humanized Clone ABT2 Kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSR-022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509686"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2022215-65-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3K5H4TX2KP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782940"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782940"}]}}{"C137820":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody LY3321367","code":"C137820","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-TIM-3 monoclonal antibody LY3321367 binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which results in a reduction in tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody LY3321367","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody LY3321367","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3321367","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3321367","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524891"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789989"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789989"}]}}{"C151967":{"preferredName":"Anti-TROP2/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-1062a","code":"C151967","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody against tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2) conjugated, via an enzymatically cleavable tetrapeptide-based linker, to the cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor and exatecan (DX-8951) derivative DXd (MAAA-1181a; MAAA-1181), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-TROP2/DXd ADC DS-1062a, the anti-TROP2 antibody targets and binds to TROP2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake and lysosomal degradation of the linker, DXd targets and binds to DNA topoisomerase I, thereby stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication and apoptosis. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation of TROP2-expressing tumor cells. TROP2 is a transmembrane protein overexpressed in various tumors while its expression is low and/or restricted in normal, healthy tissues. Its expression is associated with enhanced tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, drug resistance and increased tumor cell survival. The ADC allows for reduced systemic exposure and enhanced delivery of the cytotoxic agent DXd.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DS-1062a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TROP2/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-1062a","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TROP2/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-1062a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-1062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-1062a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553190"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C97337":{"preferredName":"Anti-TWEAK Monoclonal Antibody RG7212","code":"C97337","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the apoptotic ligand TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-TWEAK monoclonal antibody RG7212 binds to TWEAK and prevents the binding of TWEAK to its receptor, FGF-inducible molecule 14 (Fn14), thereby blocking the TWEAK/Fn14 signaling. This may prevent tumor cell proliferation, invasion, migration and angiogenesis. TWEAK has pleiotropic effects, mediating proinflammatory and pro-angiogenic activity as well as stimulation of invasion, migration, and survival mediated via its receptor Fn14; Fn14 is expressed at relatively low levels in normal tissues, but is elevated in tumor cells and locally in injured and diseased tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TWEAK Monoclonal Antibody RG7212","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7212","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7212","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7212","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 5458640","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5458640","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5458640","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429827"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703243"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703243"}]}}{"C104291":{"preferredName":"Anti-Tissue Factor Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-066","code":"C104291","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody against human tissue factor (TF), with potential antiangiogenic, anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon administration, anti-TF monoclonal antibody MORAb-066 binds to TF and prevents Factor VIIa (FVIIa) from binding, thereby interfering with the activation of Factor X (FX) into FXa. This may prevent thrombin formation and cancer-associated venous thromboembolism, and may inhibit angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. TF, a transmembrane protein and initiator of the coagulation cascade, is overexpressed in many tumor cells and tumor endothelial cells; its expression is correlated with metastasis, angiogenesis, tumor cell growth and tumor-associated thrombosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TF Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-066","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Tissue Factor Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-066","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORAb-066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445626"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745031"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745031"}]}}{"C91376":{"preferredName":"Anti-VEGF Anticalin PRS-050-PEG40","code":"C91376","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated, proprietary lipocalin that targets human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Pegylated anti-VEGF anticalin PRS-050 specifically targets and binds to VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2 or KDR), thereby preventing its activity. This may inhibit angiogenesis and eventually reduce tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGF Anticalin PRS-050-PEG40","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRS-050-PEG40","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421607"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675538"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675538"}]}}{"C156139":{"preferredName":"Anti-VEGF Monoclonal Antibody hPV19","code":"C156139","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody hPV19 targets and binds to VEGFR at a unique binding site and inhibits VEGF binding to its receptors, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, thereby preventing VEGF/VEGFR-mediated signaling. This prevents the growth and maintenance of tumor blood vessels. This decreases nutrient supply to tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell death. Increased VEGF/VEGFR signaling is associated with increased invasiveness and decreased survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGF MAb hPV19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGF Monoclonal Antibody hPV19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb hPV19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hPV 19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hPV-19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hPV19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562852"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795278"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795278"}]}}{"C126644":{"preferredName":"Anti-VEGF/ANG2 Nanobody BI 836880","code":"C126644","definitions":[{"description":"A nanobody directed against angiopoietin-2 (Ang2; ANGPT2)- and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-derived peptides, with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-VEGF/ANG2 nanobody BI 836880 binds to Ang2 and VEGF and inhibits receptor binding; this prevents Ang2- and VEGF-mediated signaling and inhibits both tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Both VEGF and Ang2 are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and play a crucial role in angiogenesis. The nanobody is based on functional fragments of single-chain antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGF/ANG2 BI 836880","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGF/ANG2 Nanobody BI 836880","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 836880","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bi-specific Anti-VEGF/Ang2 Nanobody BI 836880","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503761"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779752"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779752"}]}}{"C162872":{"preferredName":"Anti-VEGF/TGF-beta 1 Fusion Protein HB-002T","code":"C162872","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, human immunoglobulin Fc fusion protein targeting both the transforming growth factor (TGF) beta 1 (TGF-beta 1; TGFb1) and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-VEGF/TGF-beta 1 fusion protein HB-002T, the fusion protein specifically and selectively targets, binds to and neutralizes both TGF-beta 1 and VEGF. This prevents TGFb1- and VEGF-mediated signaling and abrogates VEGF/VEGFR-induced angiogenesis and TGFb1-mediated induction of VEGF, which further inhibits angiogenesis. It also inhibits TGFb1-mediated immunosuppression, thereby enhancing anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promoting a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGF/TGF-beta 1 Fusion Protein HB-002T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB 002T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB-002T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB002.1T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB002T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798914"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798914"}]}}{"C99765":{"preferredName":"Anti-VEGFC Monoclonal Antibody VGX-100","code":"C99765","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the human vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC or Flt4 ligand) with potential antiangiogenic activity. Anti-VEGFC monoclonal antibody VGX-100 specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFC protein, thereby preventing its binding to VEGFR3 (FLT4) or VEGFR2 (KDR or FLK1). This may prevent VEGFC-mediated signaling and may lead to the inhibition of vascular and lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation. The inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis may eventually decrease tumor cell proliferation and prevent metastasis. VEGFC is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells, and is associated with increased invasiveness and decreased survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGFC Monoclonal Antibody VGX-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGFC Monoclonal Antibody VGX-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGF-C mAb VGX-100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VGX-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"VGX-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433490"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RJ12A315RN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724066"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724066"}]}}{"C156172":{"preferredName":"Anti-VEGFR2 Monoclonal Antibody HLX06","code":"C156172","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) with potential anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-VEGFR2 monoclonal antibody HLX06 specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFR-2, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. VEGFR-2, a tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in angiogenesis and the proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells, is overexpressed in certain tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGFR2 Monoclonal Antibody HLX06","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX 06","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX-06","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX06","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563001"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795367"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795367"}]}}{"C95734":{"preferredName":"Anti-VEGFR3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-3C5","code":"C95734","definitions":[{"description":"A fully-human monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3; Flt-4) with antiangiogenic activity. Anti-VEGFR-3 monoclonal antibody IMC-3C5 specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFR-3, which may result in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. VEGFR-3 plays a critical role in the embryonic vascular system development but is restricted postnatally to endothelial cells of lymphatic vessels and found to be expressed in many solid and hematologic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGFR3 MoAb IMC-3C5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGFR3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-3C5","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGFR3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-3C5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-3C5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428195"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695064"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695064"}]}}{"C127124":{"preferredName":"Onvatilimab","code":"C127124","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody against the protein V-domain immunoglobulin (Ig) suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA; programmed death 1 homolog; PD1H; PD-1H), with potential negative checkpoint regulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, onvatilimab targets and binds to VISTA. This inhibits VISTA signaling, abrogates the VISTA-induced suppression of T-lymphocyte-mediated immune responses, enhances cytotoxic T-cell responses against tumor cells and inhibits tumor cell growth. VISTA, mainly expressed on hematopoietic cells, plays a key role in immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Protein Vista (v-domain Immunoglobulin Suppressor of T Cell Activation)) (Human Clone JNJ 61610588 gamma1-chain), Disulfide with Human Clone JNJ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 61610588","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-61610588","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONVATILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Onvatilimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Onvatilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10758","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507914"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1969313-51-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1UI8F5IIZ4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780996"}]}}{"C164668":{"preferredName":"Anti-alpha BCMA/Anti-alpha CD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody TNB-383B","code":"C164668","definitions":[{"description":"A T-cell engaging bispecific antibody (T-BsAb) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human alpha B-cell maturation antigen (aBCMA) and against the alphaCD3 (aCD3) antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. TNB-383B is composed of two aBCMA moieties in sequence on one arm, a single aCD3 arm, and a silenced IgG4 Fc. Upon administration of anti-aBCMA/aCD3 T-cell engaging bispecific antibody TNB-383B, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA found on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival. Binding to aCD3 preferentially activates effector over regulatory T-cells and stimulates minimal cytokine release.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA x aCD3 T-BsAb TNB-383B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA x aCD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody TNB-383B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-alpha BCMA/Anti-alpha CD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody TNB-383B","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-alpha BCMA/Anti-alpha CD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody TNB-383B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNB 383B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNB-383B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNB383B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799707"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799707"}]}}{"C116865":{"preferredName":"Anti-alpha5beta1 Integrin Antibody MINT1526A","code":"C116865","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody directed against the human alpha5beta1 integrin (a5b1) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-a5b1 antibody MINT1526A selectively binds to a5b1, thereby preventing the binding of integrin ligands. This may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and integrin-mediated tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in a5b1-expressing tumor cells. a5b1, a cell adhesion and signaling receptor, is often overexpressed on the surface of tumor vessel endothelial cells and plays a crucial role in both endothelial cell adhesion and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-a5b1 Antibody MINT1526A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-alpha5beta1 Integrin Antibody MINT1526A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-alpha5beta1 Integrin Antibody MINT1526A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MINT1526A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053617"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675425"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675425"}]}}{"C116627":{"preferredName":"Anti-angiopoietin Monoclonal Antibody AMG 780","code":"C116627","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody targeting the proangiogenic cytokines angiopoietin 1 (Ang1) and 2 (Ang2), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-angiopoietin monoclonal antibody AMG 780 binds to Ang1 and Ang2. This prevents the binding of the angiopoietin ligands to their receptor Tie2 (TEK), an endothelial cell-specific receptor tyrosine kinase. This prevents Tie2-mediated signaling and results in an inhibition of Tie2-expressing, tumor-stimulated endothelial cell proliferation, which prevents angiogenesis and inhibits tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 780","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-angiopoietin Monoclonal Antibody AMG 780","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-angiopoietin Monoclonal Antibody AMG 780","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421599"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675243"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675243"}]}}{"C125620":{"preferredName":"Anti-c-KIT Monoclonal Antibody CDX 0158","code":"C125620","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody against the stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR; KIT; CD117), with potential antineoplastic and anti-allergic activities. Upon administration, the anti-c-KIT monoclonal antibody CDX 0158 binds to and inhibits the activation of the cell surface antigen c-Kit. This leads to an inhibition of the activation of c-KIT-mediated signal transduction pathways and inhibits cell proliferation in cancer cells expressing c-Kit. In mast cells, inhibition of c-KIT and c-KIT-mediated signaling prevents mast cell activation, degranulation and subsequent cytokine release. c-Kit, a transmembrane protein and receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed in various cell types, including certain cancer cells and mast cells; it plays a key role in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-c-KIT Monoclonal Antibody CDX 0158","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-KIT Monoclonal Antibody KTN0158","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDX 0158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-0158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX0158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTN 0158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTN-0158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTN0158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504322"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777970"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777970"}]}}{"C95732":{"preferredName":"Anti-c-MET Monoclonal Antibody LY2875358","code":"C95732","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-MET) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-c-MET monoclonal antibody LY2875358 binds to c-MET, thereby preventing the binding of HGF to its receptor c-Met and subsequent activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. This may result in cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-c-MET Monoclonal Antibody LY2875358","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-c-MET Monoclonal Antibody LY2875358","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2875358","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987383"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694952"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694952"}]}}{"C146667":{"preferredName":"Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate HTI-1066","code":"C146667","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) the proto-oncogene c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of HTI-1066 targets and binds to c-Met expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the c-Met-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC HTI-1066","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate HTI-1066","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate HTI-1066","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HTI 1066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HTI-1066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544636"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792156"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792156"}]}}{"C158513":{"preferredName":"Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate TR1801","code":"C158513","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a non-agonizing anti-c-Met humanized monoclonal antibody that is linked in a site-specific manner to a pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer (PBD) toxin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to the c-Met protein, which is overexpressed in certain tumor types. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of tumor cell DNA. This induces interstrand cross-links in the minor groove of DNA and inhibits DNA replication, which inhibits the proliferation of c-Met-expressing cells. c-Met, also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-c-Met ADC TR1801","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate TR1801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate TR1801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT 8633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT-8633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TR 1801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TR-1801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TR1801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938047"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797392"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797392"}]}}{"C106262":{"preferredName":"Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ABT-700","code":"C106262","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-c-Met monoclonal antibody ABT-700 binds to c-Met, thereby preventing both c-Met binding to its ligand, HGF and the subsequent activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. This may cause cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-700","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ABT-700","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ABT-700","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433934"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717765"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717765"}]}}{"C113802":{"preferredName":"Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ARGX-111","code":"C113802","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody targeting c-Met, with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-c-Met monoclonal antibody ARGX-111 binds to c-Met, and blocks both ligand-dependent and -independent activation of c-Met-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, this agent enhances antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This leads to a reduction in cell proliferation of c-Met-expressing cancer cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in certain cancer cell types, is involved in cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis in multiple solid tumors. Compared to other c-Met targeting monoclonal antibodies, ARGX-111 shows increased antibody circulation time, enhanced tissue distribution and increased efficacy. ARGX-111 is obtained through active immunization with C-met antigen in Camelids and utilizes the Camelid V-domains fused with human antibody backbones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARGX-111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ARGX-111","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827162"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757660"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757660"}]}}{"C98295":{"preferredName":"Anti-c-fms Monoclonal Antibody AMG 820","code":"C98295","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody against the colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1 or M-CSF) receptor c-fms (or CSFR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-c-fms monoclonal antibody AMG 820 binds to and blocks c-fms, thereby blocking CSF-1 binding to its receptor and suppressing CSF-1-induced c-fms signaling. This results in the suppression of recruitment and activation of tumor associated macrophages (TAM) within the tumor microenvironment. This eventually leads to a decrease in tumor growth. c-fms, a transmembrane protein belonging to the tyrosine kinase family, is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and plays an essential role in macrophage differentiation and regulation of cell proliferation. The presence of TAM is correlated with tumor proliferation, invasion and a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-fms Monoclonal Antibody AMG 820","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432413"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713961"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713961"}]}}{"C118443":{"preferredName":"Anti-fucosyl-GM1 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986012","code":"C118443","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the ganglioside fucosyl-GM1, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, anti-fucosyl-GM1 monoclonal antibody BMS-986012 binds to fucosyl-GM1 on cancer cells and may activate both antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against the bound tumor cells. This may inhibit the proliferation of GM1-expressing tumor cells. Fucosyl-GM1, a sphingolipid monosialoganglioside and tumor associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on the surface of many cancer cells while its expression is minimal or non-existent in normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-fucosyl-GM1 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986012","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-fucosyl-GM1 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986012","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896899"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764995"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764995"}]}}{"C118442":{"preferredName":"Anti-gpA33/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MGD007","code":"C118442","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-glycoprotein A33 (gpA33)/anti-CD3 bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-gpA33/CD3 monoclonal antibody MGD007 possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for gpA33, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of MGD007, this bispecific antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and gpA33-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) to gpA33-expressing tumor cells. This may result in CTL-mediated cell lysis of the crosslinked tumor cells. The gpA33 antigen, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is expressed in certain malignancies, including colon and gastrointestinal cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-gpA33/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MGD007","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-gpA33/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MGD007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized gpA33 x CD3 DART (TM) Protein MGD007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896811"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764994"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764994"}]}}{"C116630":{"preferredName":"Anti-hepcidin Monoclonal Antibody LY2787106","code":"C116630","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) targeting the peptide hormone hepcidin, with potential anti-anemic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-hepcidin MoAb LY2787106 binds to hepcidin and prevents it from binding to the iron exporting protein ferroportin, which is expressed on both the basolateral surface of gastrointestinal (GI) enterocytes and the plasma membrane of macrophages. This prevents hepcidin-induced internalization and degradation of ferroportin and increases ferroportin-mediated iron export, thus increasing iron export from macrophages and iron absorption by enterocytes. This normalizes plasma iron levels, increases erythropoiesis and may inhibit anemia. Hepcidin, produced in hepatocytes, plays a key role in the homeostasis of systemic iron; it is upregulated during acute and chronic inflammation in response to cytokines and, in certain cancers, may contribute to cancer-associated anemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-hepcidin Monoclonal Antibody LY2787106","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-hepcidin Monoclonal Antibody LY2787106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2787106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433725"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687185"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687185"}]}}{"C129694":{"preferredName":"Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody AMG 228","code":"C129694","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 18; TNFRSF18; GITR; CD357) humanized monoclonal antibody, with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Anti-human GITR monoclonal antibody AMG 228 binds to and activates GITRs found on multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system, induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells (Teffs), and suppresses the function of activated T regulatory cells (Tregs). This leads to immune-mediated tumor cell eradication though a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily and T-cell receptor co-stimulator, is expressed on the surface of multiple immune cell types, including Tregs, Teffs, B-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Inappropriately activated Tregs suppress Teffs and suppress T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agonistic GITR Antibody AMG 228","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody AMG 228","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody AMG 228","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512894"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C95023":{"preferredName":"Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody TRX518","code":"C95023","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, Fc disabled anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) with immunomodulating activity. Anti-human GITR MoAb TRX518 blocks the interaction of GITR, found on multiple types of T cells, with its ligand, thereby inducing both the activation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells, as well as abrogating the suppression induced by inappropriately activated T regulatory cells. This agent is shown to act synergistically with chemotherapeutic drugs in multiple cancer models.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-huGITR MoAb TRX518","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody TRX518","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody TRX518","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426557"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689549"}]}}{"C120303":{"preferredName":"Anti-mesothelin Antibody-drug Conjugate BMS-986148","code":"C120303","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin and conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic drug, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of anti-mesothelin ADC BMS-986148 targets and binds to the tumor associated antigen mesothelin. Upon internalization, the cytotoxic agent kills or prevents cellular proliferation of mesothelin-expressing tumor cells through an as of yet undescribed mechanism of action. Mesothelin is overexpressed by all mesotheliomas and a variety of other cancers, while it is minimally expressed in normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin Antibody-drug Conjugate BMS-986148","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin Antibody-drug Conjugate BMS-986148","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896897"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768587"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768587"}]}}{"C121653":{"preferredName":"Anti-mesothelin-Pseudomonas Exotoxin 24 Cytolytic Fusion Protein LMB-100","code":"C121653","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-mesothelin (MSLN) recombinant cytolytic fusion protein (cFP) composed of a humanized Fab fragment of anti-MSLN monoclonal antibody SS1 linked to a truncated and de-immunized 24 kDa fragment of the Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) (PE24), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of anti-MSLN-PE24 cFP LMB-100, the anti-MSLN moiety targets and binds to MSLN-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization through endocytosis, the toxin moiety ADP-ribosylates and inactivates eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2), preventing the elongation step of protein synthesis and leading to both an inhibition of protein synthesis and an induction of MSLN-expressing tumor cell apoptosis. MSLN, a tumor-associated antigen overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and migration. The engineered PE24 portion of LMB-100 does contain the targeting domain and furin cleavage site, which are needed for cytotoxicity, but most of the translocation domain II is deleted and the catalytic domain III contains point mutations, which result in the deletion and silencing of most T- and B-cell epitopes; therefore, the immunogenicity and toxicity is reduced compared to non-engineered PE toxin, which allows for the administration of larger doses of LMB-100.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-MSLN-PE24 cFP LMB-100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin-Pseudomonas Exotoxin 24 Cytolytic Fusion Protein LMB-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin-Pseudomonas Exotoxin 24 Cytolytic Fusion Protein LMB-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 6927005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO6927005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4044528"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767396"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767396"}]}}{"C116746":{"preferredName":"Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMOT4039A","code":"C116746","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of MMOT0530A, a humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin (MSLN), and covalently linked, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of DMOT4039A binds to MSLN-expressing tumor cells and is internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Proteolytic cleavage releases MMAE, which then binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. MSLN, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed by all mesotheliomas and a variety of other cancers, while it is minimally expressed in normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMOT4039A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMOT4039A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMOT-4039A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMOT4039A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7600","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7600","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433928"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717527"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717527"}]}}{"C99640":{"preferredName":"Anti-myostatin Monoclonal Antibody LY2495655","code":"C99640","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody against myostatin (MSTN) with potential anti-cachexia activity. Upon administration, anti-myostatin monoclonal antibody LY2495655 binds to and neutralizes the MSTN protein, thereby blocking the MSTN signalling pathway. This may help decrease muscle protein breakdown and muscle weakness and may attenuate cancer cachexia. MSTN, a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, is a negative regulator of muscle growth and development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-myostatin Monoclonal Antibody LY2495655","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-myostatin Monoclonal Antibody LY2495655","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2495655","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274844"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"722359"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"722359"}]}}{"C97916":{"preferredName":"Anti-nectin-4 Monoclonal Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-22M6E","code":"C97916","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) containing a fully human monoclonal antibody AGS-22 targeting the cell adhesion molecule nectin-4 and conjugated, via a proprietary enzyme-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) (AGS-22M6E), with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of AGS-22M6E selectively binds to nectin-4. After internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and induces apoptosis in nectin-4 overexpressing tumor cells. Nectin-4, a tumor associated antigen belonging to the nectin family, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including breast, bladder, lung and pancreatic cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS-22M6E","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-nectin-4 Monoclonal Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-22M6E","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-nectin-4 Monoclonal Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-22M6E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430399"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"708210"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"708210"}]}}{"C124647":{"preferredName":"Anti-nf-P2X7 Antibody Ointment BIL-010t","code":"C124647","definitions":[{"description":"An ointment formulation composed of a purified sheep immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody against the non-functional form of the purinergic P2X7 receptor (nf-P2X7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical application of the anti-nf-P2X7 antibody ointment BIL-010t, the antibody binds to nf-P2X7 and inhibits its antiapoptotic activity. This may induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of nf-P2X7-overexpressing cancer cells. P2X7, an ATP-gated cation-selective channel, plays a role in the induction of apoptosis; nf-P2X7, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types while not expressed on normal, healthy cells and is unable to form a large transmembrane, apoptotic pore upon exposure to ATP and prevents apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-nf-P2X7 Antibody Ointment BIL-010t","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIL-010t","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSCT 10 % Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502879"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776771"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776771"}]}}{"C96744":{"preferredName":"Anti-prolactin Receptor Antibody LFA102","code":"C96744","definitions":[{"description":"A neutralizing antibody against the prolactin receptor (PRLR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-prolactin receptor antibody LFA102 binds to PRLR and prevents the binding of the peptide hormone prolactin (PRL) to its receptor. This binding induces an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and may eventually prevent tumor cell proliferation in PRLR-positive cancer cells. PRLR/PRL signaling pathway is frequently overexpressed in breast and prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-prolactin Receptor Antibody LFA102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-prolactin Receptor Antibody LFA102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LFA102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429368"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699731"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699731"}]}}{"C121778":{"preferredName":"Anti-sCLU Monoclonal Antibody AB-16B5","code":"C121778","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody against the secreted form of human clusterin (sCLU) expressed by tumor cells, with potential antineoplastic and anti-metastatic activities. Upon administration, anti-sCLU monoclonal antibody AB-16B5 specifically binds to tumor-associated sCLU and inhibits its activity. This inhibits both the sCLU-mediated signal transduction pathways and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which leads to the inhibition of tumor cell migration and invasion. In addition, AB-16B5 enhances chemo-sensitivity. sCLU, a heterodimeric disulfide-linked glycoprotein overexpressed by various types of cancer cells, contributes to proliferation and survival of cancer cells, and stimulates tumor cell EMT.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB-16B5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-sCLU Monoclonal Antibody AB-16B5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053577"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771181"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771181"}]}}{"C99761":{"preferredName":"Antiangiogenic Drug Combination TL-118","code":"C99761","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, oral suspension containing a combination of agents comprised of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, an alkylating agent, a histamine H2 antagonist and a sulfonamide with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Antiangiogenic drug combination TL-118 is administrated as a specific dosing regimen and may result in a synergistic effect and reduce angiogenesis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antiangiogenic Drug Combination TL-118","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hamsa-1","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL-118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274907"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"723650"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"723650"}]}}{"C106256":{"preferredName":"Antibody-Drug Conjugate DFRF4539A","code":"C106256","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against a specific myeloma antigen and conjugated to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of DFRF4539A selectively binds to a specific protein expressed on the surface of myeloma cells. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DFRF4539A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-Drug Conjugate DFRF4539A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-Drug Conjugate DFRF4539A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DFRF4539A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433882"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710969"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710969"}]}}{"C161599":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-011","code":"C161599","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against an as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of ABBV-011 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills tumor cells expressing this particular TAA through an as of yet undisclosed mechanism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-011","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC 011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798433"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798433"}]}}{"C124134":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-085","code":"C124134","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of ABBV-085 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV-085","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC ABBV-085","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-085","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-085","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502530"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776647"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776647"}]}}{"C157279":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-155","code":"C157279","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an as of yet undisclosed monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of ABBV-155 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC ABBV-155","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-155","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-155","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937020"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796806"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796806"}]}}{"C137991":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-176","code":"C137991","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against the prolactin receptor (PRLR) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of ABBV-176 targets and binds to PRLR expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the PRLR-expressing tumor cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. PRLR, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC ABBV-176","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-176","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525031"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790299"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790299"}]}}{"C122816":{"preferredName":"Azintuxizumab Vedotin","code":"C122816","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody targeting CS1 (SLAMF7/CD319) that is conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), via a cathepsin-cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of azintuxizumab vedotin binds to CS1-expressing tumor cells and is internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Upon cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M checkpoint arrest and apoptosis in CS1-expressing tumor cells. CS1 is a cell surface glycoprotein belonging to the CD2 subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and is expressed with high levels and prevalence on multiple myeloma (MM) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV-838","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC ABBV-838","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZINTUXIZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Azintuxizumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Azintuxizumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053688"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1826819-58-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6XQ9TM3U2G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C147577":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ADC XMT-1536","code":"C147577","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of XMT-1535, a proprietary, humanized monoclonal antibody against human sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (SLC34A2; NaPi2b), site-specifically linked, via a protease cleavable linker, to the proprietary cytotoxic aurastatin derivative auristatin F-HPA (AF-HPA; auristatin F-hydroxypropylamide), with potential antineoplastic activity. XMT-1536 is produced via the proprietary dolaflexin ADC conjugation platform, which promotes the conjugation of between 10 and 15 AF-HPA payload molecules to each XMT-1535 antibody. Upon administration of XMT-1536, the antibody moiety targets and binds to NaPi2b expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization by endosomes/lysosomes, and enzymatic cleavage, the AF-HPA binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis of NaPi2b-expressing tumor cells. NaPi2b, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in the transport of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and the maintenance of phosphate homeostasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC XMT-1536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-NaPi2b ADC XMT-1536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-NaPi2b/Auristatin F-HPA ADC XMT-1536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ADC XMT-1536","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ADC XMT-1536","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT 1536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT-1536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT1536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545394"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C129401":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate Anti-TIM-1-vcMMAE CDX-014","code":"C129401","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) clone CR014, which targets the extracellular domain of T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-1 (TIM-1; HAVCR1), that is linked, via a valine-citrulline (VC) peptide linker, to the potent cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ADC anti-TIM-1-vcMMAE CDX-014, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to TIM-1. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE is released into the cytosol of TIM-1-expressing tumor cells, binds to tubulin, and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which induces both G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. TIM-1 is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types while only minimally expressed in healthy tissue. The linkage system in CDX-014 is highly stable in plasma, resulting in increased specificity and cytotoxic efficacy towards TIM-1-positive cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC Anti-TIM-1-vcMMAE CDX-014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC CDX-014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate Anti-TIM-1-vcMMAE CDX-014","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate Anti-TIM-1-vcMMAE CDX-014","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate CDX-014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CR014-vc-MMAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CR014-vcMMAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512670"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783989"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783989"}]}}{"C137821":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI7247","code":"C137821","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against an unnamed tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of MEDI7247 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC MEDI7247","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI7247","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI7247","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 7247","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI7247","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524897"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789996"}]}}{"C118572":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06647263","code":"C118572","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06647263","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06647263","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06647263","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896742"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C118570":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06664178","code":"C118570","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06664178","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06664178","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06664178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474086"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C123284":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-002","code":"C123284","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an as of yet publicly unknown monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-002 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SC-002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0967624"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774849"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774849"}]}}{"C124133":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-003","code":"C124133","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-003 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SC-003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-003","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC 003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502529"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776646"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776646"}]}}{"C136807":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-004","code":"C136807","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to a currently undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-004 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SC-004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-004","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-004","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC 004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0967625"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789553"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789553"}]}}{"C154558":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-005","code":"C154558","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to a currently undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-005 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-005","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC 005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC 005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555355"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794353"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794353"}]}}{"C136779":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-006","code":"C136779","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-006 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SC-006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-006","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC 006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524579"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789538"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789538"}]}}{"C147029":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-007","code":"C147029","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against an undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-007 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SC-007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-007","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SC-007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545028"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4NP0CFH7QL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792378"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792378"}]}}{"C90562":{"preferredName":"Antibody-like CD95 Receptor/Fc-fusion Protein CAN-008","code":"C90562","definitions":[{"description":"A human, soluble fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of the CD95 receptor fused to the Fc-domain of the human IgG antibody, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, antibody-like CD95 receptor/Fc-fusion protein CAN-008 binds to the CD95 ligand (CD95L) and blocks the binding of CD95L to the CD95 receptor. In tumor cells, blockage of CD95L-mediated signaling pathways may prevent cell migration and invasive cell growth; in healthy cells, blockage of CD95L-mediated signaling pathways may prevent apoptosis and may protect cell damage. Activation of the CD95 receptor plays an important role in the initiation of apoptosis in healthy cells or the invasive growth of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APG-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-like CD95 Receptor/Fc-fusion Protein CAN-008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAN-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAN008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD95-Fc Fusion Protein CAN008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fas-Fc Fusion Protein CAN008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983762"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666905"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666905"}]}}{"C165256":{"preferredName":"Antigen-presenting Cells-expressing HPV16 E6/E7 SQZ-PBMC-HPV","code":"C165256","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of antigen presenting cells (APCs) specific for human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E6 and E7 proteins, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were ex vivo manipulated, using a technique involving membrane disruption to get the HPV16 E6 and E7 proteins into the cells; the resulting APCs present the antigens in a major histocompatibility type I (MHC-I) manner. Upon administration of the APCs-expressing HPV16 E6/E7 SQZ-PBMC-HPV, these cells activate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing HPV16 E6 and E7. HPV16 E6 and E7 play an important role in the development of certain types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APCs Expressing HPV16 E6/E7 SQZ-PBMC-HPV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antigen-presenting Cells-expressing HPV16 E6/E7 SQZ-PBMC-HPV","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antigen-presenting Cells-expressing HPV16 E6/E7 SQZ-PBMC-HPV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQZ PBMC HPV","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQZ-PBMC-HPV","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799743"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799743"}]}}{"C125690":{"preferredName":"Antimetabolite FF-10502","code":"C125690","definitions":[{"description":"An antimetabolite with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FF-10502 is able to enter the nucleus where it inhibits DNA polymerases, thereby preventing DNA synthesis and halting tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antimetabolite FF-10502","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antimetabolite FF-10502","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF-10502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF-10502-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504366"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778996"}]}}{"C124051":{"preferredName":"Antineoplastic Agent Combination SM-88","code":"C124051","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, proprietary combination of four agents with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the four agents and their exact mechanisms of action are not publicly known, the components of SM-88 appear, upon oral administration, to work synergistically to increase the amount of free radicals in cancer cells, thereby inducing oxidative stress and selective killing of the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antineoplastic Agent Combination SM-88","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-88","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498405"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776184"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776184"}]}}{"C1663":{"preferredName":"Antineoplastic Vaccine","code":"C1663","definitions":[{"description":"A type of vaccine that is usually made from a patient's own tumor cells or from substances taken from tumor cells. A cancer vaccine may help the immune system kill cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A type of vaccine that prevents or treats cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antineoplastic Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cancer treatment vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cancer vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0376659"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Antineoplastic_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2100":{"preferredName":"Antineoplastic Vaccine GV-1301","code":"C2100","definitions":[{"description":"Antineoplastic vaccine being developed against liver cancer. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antineoplastic Vaccine GV-1301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GV-1301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1517372"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"GV-1301"}]}}{"C1004":{"preferredName":"Antineoplaston A10","code":"C1004","definitions":[{"description":"A piperidinedione antineoplaston with potential antineoplastic activity. Antineoplaston A10 was originally isolated from human urine but is now synthetically derived. This agent intercalates into DNA, resulting in cell cycle arrest in G1 phase, reduction of mitosis, and decreased protein synthesis. Antineoplaston A10 may also inhibit ras-oncogene expression and activate tumor suppressor gene p53, leading to cell differentiation and apoptosis. 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Antineoplaston AS2-1 inhibits the incorporation of L-glutamine into tumor-cell proteins, leading to cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and inhibition of mitosis. This agent may also inhibit RAS oncogene expression and activate tumor suppressor gene p53, resulting in cell differentiation and apoptosis. 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It blocks the production of a protein called ribonucleotide reductase, which helps cells make DNA. This may kill cancer cells that need ribonucleotide reductase to grow. It may also make cells more sensitive to anticancer drugs. It is a type of antisense oligonucleotide, and a type of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 20-mer antisense oligonucleotide complementary to a coding region in the mRNA of the R2 small subunit component of human ribonucleotide reductase. GTI-2040 decreases mRNA and protein levels of R2 in vitro and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in human tumors in vivo. 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Upon administration, antitumor B key active component-alpha (ATB-KAC-alpha) may, through a not yet fully elucidated mechanism, inhibit tumorigenesis and prevent the development of certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antitumor B KAC-a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antitumor B Key Active Component-alpha","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C156694","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chinese Herbal Mixture Antitumor B KAC-a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935709"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795710"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795710"}]}}{"C95731":{"preferredName":"Antrodia cinnamomea Supplement","code":"C95731","definitions":[{"description":"A dietary supplement containing extract from the medicinal fungus Antrodia cinnamomea with potential antiangiogenic, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. The components in Antrodia cinnamomea supplement are rather complex, however, rich in triterpenoids, polysaccharides, nucleosides (adenosine) nucleic acids, superoxide dismutase, other small molecular weight proteins and steroid like compounds. Neutral sugars in this supplement show inhibitory activity on endothelial tube formation, while maleimide and maleic anhydride derivative components in the extract, such as antrodin B and antrodin C and their metabolites, exhibit significant cytotoxic effects on tumor cells and hepatitis C virus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antrodia cinnamomea Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428192"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694951"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694951"}]}}{"C119701":{"preferredName":"Antroquinonol Capsule","code":"C119701","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available capsule containing antroquinonol, a farnesylated quinone derivative isolated from the mycelium of Antrodia camphorata, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, antroquinonol binds to and inhibits protein prenylation mediated by the enzymes farnesyltransferase (FTase) and geranylgeranyltransferase 1 (GGTase-1). This prevents both post-translational prenylation and signaling activity of a number of Ras superfamily proteins, such as Ras and Rho. This results in the inhibition of downstream signaling, such as the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, and induces apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. Ras superfamily proteins are overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types, and play a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antroquinonol Capsule","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antroquinonol Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hocena","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421596"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C92574":{"preferredName":"Apalutamide","code":"C92574","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Apalutamide binds to AR in target tissues thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitating the formation of inactive complexes that cannot be translocated to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes. This ultimately inhibits the expression of genes that regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation and may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in AR-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(7-(6-Cyano-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)-8-oxo-6-thioxo-5,7-diazaspiro(3.4)octan-5-yl)-2-fluoro-N-methylbenzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APALUTAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ARN 509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARN-509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARN509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apalutamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apalutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erleada","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 56021927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-56021927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2985183"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"956104-40-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4T36H88UA7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683082"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683082"}]}}{"C71740":{"preferredName":"Apatorsen","code":"C71740","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation antisense oligonucleotide targeting heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) with potential antitumor and chemosensitizing activities. Apatorsen suppresses tumor cell expression of Hsp27, which may induce tumor cell apoptosis and enhance tumor cell sensitivity to cytotoxic agents. Hsp27, a chaperone belonging to the small heat shock protein (sHsp) group of proteins, is a cytoprotective protein that supports cell survival under conditions of stress; it has been found to be over-expressed in a variety of human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APATORSEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Apatorsen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apatorsen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS 306053","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OGX-427","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348994"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1002331-21-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IFJ6X26JW6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"559200"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"559200"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hsp27_Antisense_Oligonucleotide_OGX-427"}]}}{"C1087":{"preferredName":"Apaziquone","code":"C1087","definitions":[{"description":"An indolequinone bioreductive prodrug and analog of mitomycin C with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitization activities. Apaziquone is converted to active metabolites in hypoxic cells by intracellular reductases, which are present in greater amounts in hypoxic tumor cells. The active metabolites alkylate DNA, resulting in apoptotic cell death. This agent displays selectivity activity towards both hypoxic solid tumors, which exhibits higher expression of cytochrome P450 reductase, and well-oxygenated malignant cells that overexpress the bioreductive enzyme NQO1 (NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase). Apaziquone may selectively sensitize hypoxic tumor cells to radiocytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-hydroxymethyl-5-aziridinyl-1-methyl-2-(1H-indole-4,7-dione) prop-beta-en-alpha-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APAZIQUONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Apaziquone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apaziquone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E O9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EO9","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eoquin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoquin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Qapzola","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"382456"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0095568"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"114560-48-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H464ZO600O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42095"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42095"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H16N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"EO9"}]}}{"C28802":{"preferredName":"Aphidicoline Glycinate","code":"C28802","definitions":[{"description":"A tetracyclic diterpene antibiotic isolated from the fungus Cephalosporium aphidicola and other fungal species with potential antineoplastic activity. Aphidicoline glycinate blocks the cell cycle at early S-phase by specifically inhibiting DNA polymerases in eukaryotic cells, induces apoptosis, and stops the growth of eukaryotic cells and certain viruses by selectively inhibiting DNA polymerase II or viral-induced DNA polymerases. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aphidicoline Glycinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1516035"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aphidicoline_Glycinate"}]}}{"C126661":{"preferredName":"Apilimod Dimesylate Capsule","code":"C126661","definitions":[{"description":"A capsule containing the dimesylate salt form of apilimod, an inhibitor of the class III PI kinase phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase (PIKfyve), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration of apilimod dimesylate capsule, apilimod selectively binds to and inhibits PIKfyve. The inhibition leads to disruption of PIKfyve-mediated signal transduction pathways and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in PIKfyve-overexpressing tumor cells. Also, PIKfyve inhibition by apilimod inhibits the toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced production of various cytokines, including interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-23, thereby preventing IL-12/IL-23-mediated immune responses. PIKfyve, a lipid kinase dysregulated in various tumor types, plays a key role in TLR signaling and tumor cell migration, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apilimod Dimesylate Capsule","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apilimod Dimesylate Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAM 002A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAM-002A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503772"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780441"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780441"}]}}{"C91731":{"preferredName":"Apitolisib","code":"C91731","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available agent targeting phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Apitolisib inhibits both PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition of cancer cells overexpressing PI3K/mTOR. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated in a PI3K-independent fashion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APITOLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Apitolisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apitolisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC 0980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GNE 390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7422","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984520"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1032754-93-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1C854K1MIJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639518"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639518"}]}}{"C2228":{"preferredName":"Apolizumab","code":"C2228","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of hematologic (blood) cancers. Apolizumab binds to a protein called ID10, which is found on the surface of some types of immune cells and cancer cells. It may help the immune system kill cancer cells. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against 1D10, a polymorphic determinant on the HLA-DR beta chain that is expressed on normal and neoplastic B cells. Apolizumab induces complement-mediated cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and apoptosis of 1D10 antigen-positive B cells in vitro. 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Mimicking the natural ligand TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand), apomab binds to DR5, which may directly activate the extrinsic apoptosis pathway and indirectly induce the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in tumor cells. DR5 is a cell surface receptor of the TNF-receptor superfamily and is expressed in a broad range of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Apomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346838"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1108170-71-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"703KLX5LXZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"555507"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"555507"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Apomab"}]}}{"C1873":{"preferredName":"Apomine","code":"C1873","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called bisphosphonates. It affects cancer cell receptors governing cell growth and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 1,1-bisphosphonate ester with potential antineoplastic and hypocholesterolemic activities. SR-45023A binds to hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone matrix where it inhibits enzymatic activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which is required for the formation of mevalonate, the precursor of cholesterol. Consequently, shortage of mevalonate impedes the synthesis of downstream isoprenoids that are essential for protein prenylation. This leads to the loss of activity of proteins involved in osteoclast function and cellular proliferation, such as Ras and Rho, leading to an inhibition of cellular proliferation, and induction of osteoclasts apoptosis. In addition, SR-45023A activates the farnesoid X activated receptor (FXR), a member of the nuclear hormone superfamily implicated in cholesterol metabolism and bile acid transport and may play a role in this agent's antineoplastic effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apomine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphonic acid, (2-(3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylidene)bis-, tetrakis(1-methylethyl) Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKF 99085","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR-45023A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SR-45023A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR-45023A (Apomine)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"TETRAISOPROPYL 2-(3,5-DI-TERT-BUTYL-4-HYDROXYPHENYL)ETHYL-1,1-BIPHOSPHONATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tetraisopropyl-2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0766100"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"126411-13-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JQ95208805"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43447"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43447"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H52O7P2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SR-45023A"}]}}{"C69134":{"preferredName":"Apoptosis Inducer BZL101","code":"C69134","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active aqueous extract derived from the plant Scutellaria barbata with potential antineoplastic activity. Sparing normal cells, apoptosis inducer BZL101 specifically facilitates translocation of the protein apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from the mitochondrial membrane into the nucleus in tumor cells, thereby causing tumor cell-specific chromatin condensation and DNA degradation followed by the induction of caspase-independent apoptosis. AIF is both a mitochondrial intermembrane flavoprotein with oxidoreductase activity and a caspase-independent death effector that, similar to cytochrome c, is released from mitochondria early in the apoptotic process.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apoptosis Inducer BZL101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apoptosis Inducer BZL101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BZL101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1999759"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543519"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543519"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Apoptosis_Inducer_BZL101"}]}}{"C70984":{"preferredName":"Apoptosis Inducer GCS-100","code":"C70984","definitions":[{"description":"A galectin-binding polysaccharide derived from citrus pectin with potential antineoplastic activity. Apoptosis inducer GCS-100 binds to the carbohydrate-binding domain of the lectin galectin-3, which may result in apoptosis mediated through mitochondria/caspase activation cascades; this agent may overcome tumor growth mediated through anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, heat-shock protein 27 (Hsp27), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB). Galectin-3, a chimeric molecule consisting of both carbohydrate recognition and collagen-like domains, interacts with a variety of carbohydrate and protein ligands to form pentamers with unique crosslinking abilities; this lectin also exhibits anti-apoptotic properties, perhaps, in part, through the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apoptosis Inducer GCS-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apoptosis Inducer GCS-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GCS-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1690444"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"567705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"567705"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Apoptosis_Inducer_GCS-100"}]}}{"C64781":{"preferredName":"Apoptosis Inducer MPC-2130","code":"C64781","definitions":[{"description":"A broad-acting, apoptosis-inducing, small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, apoptosis inducer MPC-2130 exhibits proapoptotic activities in tumor cells, including membrane phosphatidylserine externalization, release of cytochrome C from mitochondria, caspase activation, cell condensation, and DNA fragmentation. In addition, because this agent is not a substrate for several types of multidrug resistance (MDR) ABC superfamily transporters, such as P-glycoprotein 1 (MDR-1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), and breast cancer resistance protein 1 (BCRP1/ABCG2), it may be useful in treating MDR tumors that express these particular MDR efflux pumps.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apoptosis Inducer MPC-2130","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPC-2130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881499"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526178"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526178"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MPC-2130"}]}}{"C74021":{"preferredName":"Apricoxib","code":"C74021","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Apricoxib binds to and inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), thereby inhibiting the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. Apricoxib-mediated inhibition of COX-2 may induce tumor cell apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. COX-related metabolic pathways may represent crucial regulators of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APRICOXIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Apricoxib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apricoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COX-2 Inhibitor TG01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-706","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-109339","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP2001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1737955"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"197904-84-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5X5HB3VZ3Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594363"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594363"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H20N2O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"COX-2_Inhibitor_TG01"}]}}{"C121212":{"preferredName":"Aprutumab Ixadotin","code":"C121212","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) directed against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2 (FGFR2) and conjugated to an as of yet unidentified toxin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, aprutumab ixadotin binds to FGFR2. Upon binding, the toxin selectively induces cell death, through an as of yet undisclosed mechanism of action, in FGFR2-expressing tumor cells. FGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays an essential role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC BAY1187982","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APRUTUMAB IXADOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aprutumab Ixadotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aprutumab Ixadotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1187982","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1187982","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053667"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1708947-48-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DDD2AB5TWK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769589"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769589"}]}}{"C1879":{"preferredName":"Arabinoxylan Compound MGN3","code":"C1879","definitions":[{"description":"An arabinoxylane polysaccharide composed of the hemicellulose-Beta extract of rice bran, treated with enzymes from Shiitake mushrooms, that exerts antitumor and antiviral activity by increasing the level of natural killer cells activation. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arabinoxylan Compound","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arabinoxylan Compound MGN3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biobran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Biobran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGN3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0963824"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"204866-62-6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MGN3"}]}}{"C162540":{"preferredName":"Aranose","code":"C162540","definitions":[{"description":"A nitrosourea derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, aranose alkylates and crosslinks DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(alpha-L-Arabinopyranosyl)-1-methyl-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARANOSE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aranose","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aranoza","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRC 0510375","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRC-0510375","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"CAS 167396-23-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7149VX7891"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C88335":{"preferredName":"Archexin","code":"C88335","definitions":[{"description":"A 20-mer antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) against the proto-oncogene Akt with potential antineoplastic activity. Akt-1 antisense oligonucleotide RX-0201 binds to Akt-1 mRNA, inhibiting translation of the transcript; suppression of Akt-1 expression may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress Akt-1. Akt-1 is a serine-threonine protein kinase that stimulates proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARCHEXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Akt-1 Antisense Oligonucleotide RX-0201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Archexin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RX-0201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413599"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4TEW51C830"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662321"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662321"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C194H228N70O103P19S19"}]}}{"C1494":{"preferredName":"Arcitumomab","code":"C1494","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG monoclonal Fab' fragment antibody directed against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a protein that is overexpressed by many tumor cell types. For tumors that overexpress CEA, technetium-99m labeled arcitumomab may be used as an adjunct diagnostic imaging tool to obtain prognostic information following resection and to monitor for recurrent disease. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARCITUMOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Arcitumomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEA-Scan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMMU-4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G 1 (mouse monoclonal IMMU-4 Fab' fragment gamma-chain anti-human antigen CEA), disulfide with mouse Monoclonal IMMU-4 Light Chain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0758542"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154361-48-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Colorectal carcinoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma detection"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"79T6JRG308"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42612"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42612"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Arcitumomab"}]}}{"C157079":{"preferredName":"Arfolitixorin","code":"C157079","definitions":[{"description":"The R-isomer of folitixorin, a reduced folate-based biomodulator and active metabolite of folate drugs leucovorin (LV) and levoleucovorin (l-LV) that can be used to increase the efficacy of certain antimetabolites, such as the cytotoxic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and reduce as well as protect against certain antimetabolite-associated adverse effects, such as those seen with high-dose (HD) methotrexate. Upon administration of arfolitixorin, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHF) is a reduced folate substrate for the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS) and stabilizes, upon co-administration of 5-FU, the covalent binding of the 5-FU metabolite 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate (FdUMP), instead of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP), to its target enzyme TS, which results in an inhibition of TS. This inhibits the synthesis of deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) and leads to the depletion of thymidine triphosphate (TTP), which is a necessary constituent of DNA. This inhibits DNA synthesis, which leads to an inhibition of cellular proliferation and induces tumor cell death. As MTHF is able to stabilize and strengthen the ternary complex, co-administration of arfolitixorin enhances the inhibition of DNA synthesis and increases the cytotoxic effect of 5-FU. As MTHF is the active form of folate and the active metabolite of LV and l-LV, arfolitixorin does not need to be converted to an active metabolite to become activated. In DNA synthesis, a ternary complex is formed between the reduced folate substrate MTHF, the TS enzyme and dUMP in order to convert dUMP to the DNA building block dTMP, which is necessary for DNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6R)-5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6R-5,10-methyleneTHF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6R-5-10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6R-MTHF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6R-methylene THF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARFOLITIXORIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Arfolitixorin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Arfolitixorin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylenetetrahydrofolic Acid, L-(+)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modufolin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rescufolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[6R] 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[6R]-5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936794"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"31690-11-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z8R4A37V9Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796585"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796585"}]}}{"C142866":{"preferredName":"Arginase Inhibitor INCB001158","code":"C142866","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of arginase, a manganese-dependent enzyme that hydrolyzes the amino acid arginine to form ornithine and urea, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, arginase inhibitor INCB001158 inhibits the breakdown of arginine by arginase, which is produced by myeloid cells, and restores arginine levels. This allows arginine to stimulate the synthesis of nitric oxide and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which induces the proliferation and activation of T-cells. Therefore, this agent may prevent the immunosuppressive effects of tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells and promote lymphocyte-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. Arginase is produced by neutrophils, macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and plays a role in inflammation-associated immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arginase Inhibitor INCB001158","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Arginase Inhibitor INCB001158","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB-1158","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CB-1158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB1158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB001158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540753"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IFD73D535A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791808"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791808"}]}}{"C2570":{"preferredName":"Arginine Butyrate","code":"C2570","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The butyric acid salt of the amino acid arginine. In EBV-related lymphomas, arginine butyrate induces EBV thymidine kinase transcription and may act synergistically with the antiviral agent ganciclovir to inhibit cell proliferation and decrease cell viability. In addition, the butyrate moiety inhibits histone deacetylase, which results in hyperacetylation of histones H3 and H4. Acetylated histones have a reduced affinity for chromatin; this reduced histone-chromatin affinity may allow chromosomal unfolding, potentially enhancing the expression of genes related to tumor cell growth arrest and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARGININE BUTYRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Arginine Butyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Arginine Butyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Arginine, Butanoate (3:4)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"arginine butyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052329"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"80407-72-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IK8S1P79MU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42492"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42492"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"3C6H14N4O2.4C4H8O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Arginine_Butyrate"}]}}{"C74013":{"preferredName":"Arnebia Indigo Jade Pearl Topical Cream","code":"C74013","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary multiherbal topical cream based on Chinese herbal medicine with potential antineoplastic, antiviral, antibacterial and immunostimulatory activities. Arnebia Indigo Jade Pearl topical cream contains 12 ingredients including 9 herbs infused in sesame oil, with an additional three powdered ingredients and beeswax added to the infused oil to create the salve. The purported mechanism(s) of action is unclear due to the complexity of the herbal mixture.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AIJP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arnebia Indigo Jade Pearl Topical Cream","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Arnebia Indigo Jade Pearl Topical Cream","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383530"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589518"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589518"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Arnebia_Indigo_Jade_Pearl_Topical_Cream"}]}}{"C1005":{"preferredName":"Arsenic Trioxide","code":"C1005","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) that has not gotten better or that has come back after treatment with other anticancer drugs. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small-molecule arsenic compound with antineoplastic activity. The mechanism of action of arsenic trioxide is not completely understood. This agent causes damage to or degradation of the promyelocytic leukemia protein/retinoic acid receptor-alpha (PML/RARa) fusion protein; induces apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells and in many other tumor cell types; promotes cell differentiation and suppresses cell proliferation in many different tumor cell types; and is pro-angiogenic. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARSENIC TRIOXIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ATO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arsenic (III) Oxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arsenic Sesquioxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arsenic Trioxide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Arsenic Trioxide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arsenous Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arsenous Acid Anhydride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arsenous Oxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trisenox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Trisenox","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"White Arsenic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"arsenic trioxide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"706363"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052416"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1327-53-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Myelodysplastic syndrome; multiple myeloma; chronic myeloid leukemia; acute myelocytic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S7V92P67HO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43067"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43067"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"As2O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Arsenic_Trioxide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:30621"}]}}{"C133720":{"preferredName":"Arsenic Trioxide Capsule Formulation ORH 2014","code":"C133720","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable capsule formulation of the inorganic toxic compound arsenic trioxide (As2O3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action (MoA) of As2O3 is not well understood, upon oral administration of ORH 2014, As2O3 appears to bind to DNA, prevent DNA synthesis, and cause DNA fragmentation, which leads to an induction of apoptosis in proliferating cells, including tumor cells. In addition, As2O3 causes damage to and induces degradation of the promyelocytic leukemia protein/retinoic acid receptor-alpha (PML/RARa) fusion protein, and inhibits the activity of the enzyme thioredoxin reductase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arsenic Trioxide Capsule Formulation ORH 2014","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Arsenic Trioxide Capsule Formulation ORH 2014","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arsenic Trioxide Formulation ORH 2014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"As2O3 Formulation ORH 2014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORH 2014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Arsenic Trioxide Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520496"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788312"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788312"}]}}{"C118504":{"preferredName":"Artemether Sublingual Spray","code":"C118504","definitions":[{"description":"A sublingual spray containing artemether, a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin, an endoperoxide extracted from the Chinese herb qinghaosu (Artemisia annua or annual wormwood), with antiparasitic and potential antineoplastic activity. Upon sublingual application of the spray, artemether exerts its antineoplastic activity through as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism(s) of action. This agent binds to heme molecules inside cells, thereby inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated damage which selectively kills cancer cells. In addition, artemether appears to target and modulate the expression of various proteins involved in cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Also, this agent depletes T regulatory cells, and modulates the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma. Altogether, this inhibits tumor cell proliferation. The sublingual spray allows faster absorption of a higher percentage of the artemether dose, when compared to the oral form, as it avoids first pass metabolism; this results in an increased efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Artemether Sublingual Spray","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LON002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sublingual Artemether Spray","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3900015"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765719"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765719"}]}}{"C60769":{"preferredName":"Artemisinin Dimer","code":"C60769","definitions":[{"description":"A sesquiterpene lactone peroxide and dimerized plant product derived from Artemisia annua L with anti-malarial, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects. Artemisinin contains an endoperoxide moiety which forms free radicals when it reacts with iron. The resultant carbon-based radical can lead to cellular damage and cell death by reacting with cellular macromolecules such as proteins and membrane lipids. Malaria parasites contain large amounts of heme-iron, a product from the digestion of hemoglobin. However, recently it has been suggested that activation of artemisinin inside the parasite is by ferrous iron. Furthermore, due to their rapid rate of division, cancer cells require and uptake a large amount of iron to proliferate, therefore they are more susceptible to the cytotoxic effect of artemisinin than non-cancerous cells. The dimer configuration has been shown to increase compound stability and reduce general toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Artemisinin Dimer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"724910"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879739"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Artemisinin_Dimer"}]}}{"C73005":{"preferredName":"Artesunate","code":"C73005","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, semi-synthetic derivative of the sesquiterpine lactone artemisinin with anti-malarial, anti-schistosomiasis, antiviral, and potential anti-neoplastic activities. Upon hydrolysis of artesunate's active endoperoxide bridge moiety by liberated heme in parasite-infected red blood cells, reactive oxygen species and carbon-centered radicals form, which have been shown to damage and kill parasitic organisms. Additionally, in vitro studies demonstrate that this agent induces DNA breakage in a dose-dependent manner. Artesunate has also been shown to stimulate cell differentiation, arrest the cell cycle in the G1 and G2/M phases, inhibit cell proliferation, and induce apoptosis through mitochondrial and caspase signaling pathways. Artemisinin is isolated from the plant Artemisia annua.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-oxo-4-{[(3R,5aS,6R,8aS,9R,10S,12R,12aR)-3,6,9-trimethyldecahydro-3,12-epoxypyrano[4,3-j]-1,2-benzodioxepin-10-yl]oxy}butanoic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARTESUNATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Artesunate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Artesunate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR 256283","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052432"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"88495-63-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"60W3249T9M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617258"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H28O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Artesunate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63918"}]}}{"C131020":{"preferredName":"Arugula Seed Powder","code":"C131020","definitions":[{"description":"A dietary supplement containing an extract powder derived from the seeds of the cruciferous vegetable arugula (Eruca sativa), with potential chemopreventive and antioxidant activities. Arugula seed powder contains numerous vitamins and minerals, and is rich in phytonutrients, such as sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol. Although the exact mechanism of action through which arugula seed powder may exert its anti-tumor effect has yet to be fully elucidated, the effects of this powder on cancer cells may be attributable to the antioxidant and pro-apoptotic activities of the phytonutrients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arugula Seed Powder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eruca sativa Seed Powder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513823"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785258"}]}}{"C164317":{"preferredName":"Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Antagonist BAY2416964","code":"C164317","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available formulation containing a small molecule antagonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR; class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 76; bHLHe76) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, AhR antagonist BAY2416964 specifically binds to AhR, inhibits AhR activation, and prevents AhR-mediated signaling. Abrogation of AhR activation prevents the activation of immune-tolerant dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This may restore the immune response against tumor cells. AhR, a member of the basic helix-loop-helix/Per-Arnt-Sim (bHLH/PAS) family of transcription factors, has important roles in regulating immunity and cellular differentiation. AhR can exhibit both pro-oncogenic and tumor suppressor-like functions depending on the tumor type; therefore, its expression may serve as a negative or positive prognostic factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AhR Antagonist BAY2416964","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AhR Inhibitor BAY2416964","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Antagonist BAY2416964","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Antagonist BAY2416964","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibitor BAY2416964","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 2416964","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-2416964","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY2416964","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799706"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799706"}]}}{"C1346":{"preferredName":"Asaley","code":"C1346","definitions":[{"description":"An L-leucine derivative of melphalan with antineoplastic activity. Asaley alkylates and crosslinks DNA, resulting in disruption of DNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Asalex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Asalex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asaley","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Asaley","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethyl ester of N-acetyl-DL-sarcolysyl-L-leucine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Leucine, N-[N-acetyl-4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-DL-phenylalanyl]-, ethyl ester (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Leucine, N-[N-acetyl-4-[bis-(2-chloroethyl)amino]-DL-phenylalanyl]-, ethylester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-leucine, N-[N-acetyl-4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-DL-phenylalanyl]-, ethyl ester (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-leucine, N-[N-acetyl-4-[bis-(2-chloroethyl)amino]-DL-phenylalanyl]-, ethylester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leucine, N-[N-acetyl-3-[p-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]-DL-alanyl]-, ethyl ester, L- (8CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ethyl ester of N-acetyl-DL-sarcolysyl-L-leucine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"leucine, N-[N-acetyl-3-[p-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]-DL-alanyl]-, ethyl ester, L- (8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"167780"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0064791"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39151"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39151"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Asaley"}]}}{"C114494":{"preferredName":"Asciminib","code":"C114494","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, allosteric Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome resistance, ABL001 binds to the Abl portion of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein at a location that is distinct from the ATP-binding domain. This binding results in the inhibition of Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) hematological malignancies. The Bcr-Abl fusion protein tyrosine kinase is an abnormal enzyme produced by leukemia cells that contain the Philadelphia chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABL001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASCIMINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Asciminib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472320"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L1F3R18W77"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758893"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758893"}]}}{"C91073":{"preferredName":"Ascrinvacumab","code":"C91073","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human, IgG2 monoclonal antibody directed against activin-like receptor kinase 1 (ALK-1) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ascrinvacumab binds to and neutralizes ALK-1. This may disrupt tumor endothelial cell function and inhibit tumor angiogenesis, eventually leading to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. ALK-1, a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b) type I receptor family, is overexpressed on endothelial cells in a variety of tumor cell types and increases endothelial cell proliferation and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASCRINVACUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anti-Activin Receptor-like Kinase 1 Monoclonal Antibody PF-03446962","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ascrinvacumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ascrinvacumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-03446962","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984015"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1463459-96-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"716FQ5REVO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580797"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580797"}]}}{"C77883":{"preferredName":"Ashwagandha Root Powder Extract","code":"C77883","definitions":[{"description":"A dietary supplement containing an extract powder derived from the root of the ashwagandha shrub with potential antineoplastic, antioxidant, immunostimulating and anti-angiogenic activities. Ashwagandha root powder extract contains numerous alkaloids, including withanine as the primary alkaloid, and steroidal lactone withanolides. The withanolides in this agent may suppress nuclear factor-kappaB activation and nuclear factor-kappaB-regulated gene expression, potentiating apoptosis and inhibiting tumor cell invasion. Cultivated in India and North America, ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal or Indian ginseng) belongs to the Solanaceae (nightshade) family.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ashwagandha Root Powder Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387179"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598859"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598859"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ashwagandha_Root_Powder_Extract"}]}}{"C286":{"preferredName":"Asparaginase","code":"C286","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and is being studied in the treatment of some other types of cancer. It is an enzyme taken from the bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli). It breaks down the amino acid asparagine and may block the growth of tumor cells that need asparagine to grow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An enzyme isolated from the bacterium Escherichia coli or the bacterium Erwinia carotovora with antileukemic activity. Asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia in leukemic cells, resulting in the depletion of asparagine, inhibition of protein synthesis, cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, and apoptosis in susceptible leukemic cell populations. Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in leukemic cells; some leukemic cells cannot synthesize this amino acid de novo due to the absent or deficient expression of the enzyme asparagine synthase. The E. carotovora-derived form of asparaginase is typically reserved for cases of asparaginase hypersensitivity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASPARAGINASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Asparaginase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Asparaginase","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Asparaginase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asparaginase II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asparaginase-E.Coli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colaspase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Colaspase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elspar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Elspar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Elspar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidrolase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Kidrolase","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-ASP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Asnase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Asnase","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Asparaginase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Asparaginase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Asparagine Amidohydrolase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Asparagine amidohydrolase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-asparaginase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Laspar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lcf-ASP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leucogen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leucogen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leunase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leunase","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-965","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paronal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re-82-TAD-15","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serasa","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spectrila","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"asparaginase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"109229"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003993"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9015-68-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute lymphocytic leukemia; Acute non-lymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G4FQ3CKY5R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41146"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41146"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Asparaginase"}]}}{"C64260":{"preferredName":"Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi","code":"C64260","definitions":[{"description":"An enzyme isolated from the bacterium Erwinia chrysanthemi (E. carotovora). Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in leukemic cells, which cannot synthesize this amino acid due to the absence of the enzyme asparagine synthase. Asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia, thereby depleting leukemic cells of asparagine and blocking protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation, especially in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. This agent also induces apoptosis in tumor cells. The Erwinia-derived product is often used for those patients who have experienced a hypersensitivity reaction to the E. Coli formulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASPARAGINASE ERWINIA CHRYSANTHEMI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Crisantaspase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Crisantaspasum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erwinase","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erwinaze","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-asparginase (Erwinia )","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"106977"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771210"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9015-68-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute lymphocytic leukemia; Acute non-lymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D733ET3F9O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601044"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601044"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Asparaginase-Erwinia"}]}}{"C165280":{"preferredName":"Astatine At 211 Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody OKT10-B10","code":"C165280","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate composed of the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) OKT10-B10 labeled with the alpha-emitting radionuclide astatine (At) 211 (211At), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of astatine At 211 anti-CD38 MoAb OKT10-B10, the MoAb moiety targets and binds to CD38-expressing tumor cells, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation directly to the CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is present on various immune cells and in hematologic malignancies; its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"211At-OKT10-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine 211-labeled Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody OKT10-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 Anti-CD38 MoAb OKT10-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody OKT10-B10","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody OKT10-B10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine-211-OKT10-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"At211-OKT10-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[211At]OKT10-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799762"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799762"}]}}{"C133190":{"preferredName":"Astatine At 211 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8-B10","code":"C133190","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate containing the murine IgG1 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody (MAb) BC8 where the lysine side groups have been conjugated with decaborate (closo-decaborate; B10) and labeled with astatine (At) 211, with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Astatine At 211 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody BC8-B10 binds to CD45 antigen, a receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase expressed on the surface of both normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. After binding and internalization by CD45-expressing tumor cells, this agent may deliver a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation. Additionally, the radiolabel can be leveraged to assay the biodistribution and/or pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) for this agent. The use of B10 rather than other labeling methods increases the therapeutic efficacy while decreasing the toxicity of the radioconjugate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Astatine 211-Labeled Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8-B10","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8-B10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 MAb BC8-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"At 211 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"At 211 MAb BC8-B10","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520581"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789457"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789457"}]}}{"C78478":{"preferredName":"Astuprotimut-R","code":"C78478","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant form of human melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3) combined with a proprietary adjuvant with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, astuprotimut-R may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the MAGE-A3 antigen, resulting in tumor cell death. MAGE-A3, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) originally discovered in melanoma cells, is expressed by various tumor types. The proprietary immunostimulating adjuvant in this agent is composed of a specific combination of immunostimulating compounds selected to increase the anti-tumor immune response to MAGE-A3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASTUPROTIMUT-R","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Astuprotimut-R","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK1203486A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant MAGE-A3 ASCI GSK1203486A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL414862"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"949885-73-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"50I23C5UOR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600553"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600553"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_MAGE-A3_Antigen-Specific_Cancer_Immunotherapeutic_GSK1203486A"}]}}{"C91758":{"preferredName":"Asulacrine","code":"C91758","definitions":[{"description":"An amsacrine analogue with antineoplastic properties. Asulacrine inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase ll, thereby blocking DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Acridinecarboxamide,9-((2-methoxy-4-((methylsulfonyl)amino)phenyl)amino)-N,5-dimethyl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASULACRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amsalog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asulacrine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"343499"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1765331"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"80841-47-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S8P50T62B6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H24N4O4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CI-921"}]}}{"C1050":{"preferredName":"Asulacrine Isethionate","code":"C1050","definitions":[{"description":"The isethionate salt of an amsacrine analogue with antineoplastic properties. Asulacrine inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase ll, thereby blocking DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-(2-Methoxy-4-(methylsulfonylamino)phenylamino)-N,5-dimethyl-4-acridinecarboxamide 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asulacrine Isethionate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-921","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CI-921","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0130561"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"80841-48-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38943"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38943"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CI-921"}]}}{"C2490":{"preferredName":"At 211 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","code":"C2490","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a human-murine chimeric IgG2 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 81C6 labeled with an alpha-emitting radionuclide Astatine 211 (At-211), with imaging and radioimmunotherapeutic properties. MoAb 81C6 recognizes the extracellular matrix antigen tenascin (hexabrachion), which is up-regulated in gliomas and other cancers. Using MoAb 81C6 as a carrier for At-211 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells expressing tenascin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Astatine 211 Conjugated 81C6 Anti-Tenascin Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 MOAB 81C6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine-211 Labelled Anti-Tenascin Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"At 211 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796331"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43148"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43148"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"At_211_Monoclonal_Antibody_81C6"}]}}{"C1224":{"preferredName":"Atamestane","code":"C1224","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. Atamestane blocks the production of the hormone estrogen in the body. It belongs to the family of drugs called antiestrogens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic steroidal substance with antineoplastic activity. Atamestane binds irreversibly to and inhibits the enzyme aromatase, thereby blocking the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone and the peripheral aromatization of androgenic precursors into estrogens. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATAMESTANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atamestane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Atamestane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"atamestane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0074442"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"96301-34-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"62GA3K28B6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38195"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38195"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H26O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Atamestane"}]}}{"C106250":{"preferredName":"Atezolizumab","code":"C106250","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, Fc optimized, monoclonal antibody directed against the protein ligand PD-L1 (programmed cell death-1 ligand 1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Atezolizumab binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1) expressed on activated T-cells, which may enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response to neoplasms and reverse T-cell inactivation. In addition, by binding to PD-L1, MPDL3280A also prevents binding of this ligand to B7.1 expressed on activated T cells, which further enhances the T-cell-mediated immune response. PD-L1 is overexpressed on many human cancer cell types and on various tumor-infiltrating immune cells. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in increased immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8+ T cells. The Fc region of MPDL3280A is modified in such a way that it does not induce either antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) or complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATEZOLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atezolizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Atezolizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(human CD Antigen cd274) (Human Monoclonal MPDL3280A Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal MPDL3280A Kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPDL 3280A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPDL 328OA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPDL-3280A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPDL3280A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPDL328OA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7446","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5541267","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tecentriq","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827082"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1380723-44-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma; extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC); PD-L1 positive unresectable locally advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"52CMI0WC3Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"702758"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"702758"}]}}{"C52184":{"preferredName":"Atiprimod","code":"C52184","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of certain multiple myelomas and other advanced cancers. SK&F106615 may block the growth of tumors and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. SK&F106615 is a type of signal transduction inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule belonging to the azaspirane class of cationic amphiphilic agents with anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and antiangiogenic properties. Atiprimod inhibits the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), blocking the signalling pathways of interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and downregulating the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing cell cycle arrest, and inducing apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATIPRIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atiprimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Atiprimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azaspirane SK&F106615","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-Diethyl-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro(4.5)decane-2-propanamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SK&F106615","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SK&F106615","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"atiprimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"azaspirane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1579206"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123018-47-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MG7D3QD743"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"382134"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"382134"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H44N2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Atiprimod"}]}}{"C76969":{"preferredName":"Atiprimod Dihydrochloride","code":"C76969","definitions":[{"description":"The dihydrochloride salt form of atiprimod, an orally bioavailable small molecule belonging to the azaspirane class of cationic amphiphilic agents with anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and anti-angiogenic activities. Atiprimod inhibits the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and AKT, blocking the signaling pathways of interleukin-6, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and downregulating the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1. This results in the inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATIPRIMOD DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atiprimod Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698190"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"130065-61-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O12I24570R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H44N2.2ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Atiprimod_Dihydrochloride"}]}}{"C76970":{"preferredName":"Atiprimod Dimaleate","code":"C76970","definitions":[{"description":"The dimaleate salt form of atiprimod, an orally bioavailable small molecule belonging to the azaspirane class of cationic amphiphilic agents with anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and antiangiogenic activities. Atiprimod inhibits the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and AKT, blocking the signaling pathways of interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and downregulating the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1. This results in the inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATIPRIMOD DIMALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atiprimod Dimaleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698191"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"183063-72-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YNU265SSR3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H44N2.2C4H4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Atiprimod_Dimaleate"}]}}{"C28837":{"preferredName":"Atorvastatin Calcium","code":"C28837","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to lower the amount of cholesterol in the blood and to prevent stroke, heart attack, and angina (chest pain). It is also being studied in the prevention and treatment of some types of cancer and other conditions. Atorvastatin calcium blocks an enzyme that helps make cholesterol in the body. It also causes an increase in the breakdown of cholesterol. It is a type of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and a type of statin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The calcium salt of atorvastatin, a synthetic lipid-lowering agent. Atorvastatin competitively inhibits hepatic hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent increases the number of LDL receptors on hepatic cell surfaces, enhancing the uptake and catabolism of LDL and reducing LDL production and the number of LDL particles, and lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels. Like other statins, atorvastatin may also display direct antineoplastic activity, possibly by inhibiting farnesylation and geranylgeranylation of proteins such as small GTP-binding proteins, which may result in the arrest of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. This agent may also sensitize tumor cells to cyctostatic drugs, possibly through the mTOR-dependent inhibition of Akt phosphorylation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM TRIHYDRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atorvastatin Calcium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Atorvastatin Calcium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Atorvastatin Calcium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Lipitor","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"atorvastatin calcium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0286650"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"344423-98-9"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"134523-03-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"48A5M73Z4Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"460239"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"460239"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C33H34FN2O5.Ca.3H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Atorvastatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2911"}]}}{"C78676":{"preferredName":"Atorvastatin Sodium","code":"C78676","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of atorvastatin, a synthetic lipid-lowering agent. Atorvastatin competitively inhibits hepatic hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent increases the number of LDL receptors on hepatic cell surfaces, enhancing the uptake and catabolism of LDL and reducing LDL production and the number of LDL particles, and lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels. Like other statins, atorvastatin may also display direct antineoplastic activity, possibly by inhibiting farnesylation and geranylgeranylation of proteins such as small GTP-binding proteins, which may result in the arrest of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. This agent may also sensitize tumor cells to cyctostatic drugs, possibly through the mTOR-dependent inhibition of Akt phosphorylation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATORVASTATIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atorvastatin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698196"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"134523-01-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DN43058TIV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H34FN2O5.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Atorvastatin_Sodium"}]}}{"C1779":{"preferredName":"Atrasentan Hydrochloride","code":"C1779","definitions":[{"description":"The orally available hydrochloride salt of pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. As a selective antagonist of the endothelin-A (ETA) receptor, atrasentan binds selectively to the ETA receptor, which may result in inhibition of endothelin-induced angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-A 127722","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(2R,3R,4S)-4-(1,3-Benzodioxo-5-yl)-1-(2-(dibutylamino)-2-oxoethyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-pyrrolidinecarboxylic Acid Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-627","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATRASENTAN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atrasentan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Atrasentan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xinlay","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"720763"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0387926"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"195733-43-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E4G31X93ZA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38333"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38333"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H38N2O6.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Atrasentan"}]}}{"C62409":{"preferredName":"Attenuated Listeria monocytogenes CRS-100","code":"C62409","definitions":[{"description":"A live-attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, attenuated Listeria monocytogenes CRS-100 may accumulate in and infect liver cells where it may activate a potent innate immune response and an adaptive immune response involving the by recruitment and activation of T lymphocytes. This agent may potentiate the immune response to vaccines against various liver neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Attenuated Listeria monocytogenes CRS-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRS-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831855"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487160"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487160"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CRS-100"}]}}{"C74595":{"preferredName":"Attenuated Live Listeria Encoding HPV 16 E7 Vaccine ADXS11-001","code":"C74595","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing a live-attenuated strain of the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7 fused to a non-hemolytic listeriolysin O protein with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, Listeria expresses the HPV 16 E7 antigen and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing HPV 16 E7. This may result in tumor cell lysis. In addition, the Listeria vector itself may induce a potent immune response. HPV 16 E7, a cell surface glycoprotein and tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed in the majority of cervical cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADXS11-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADXS11-001 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Attenuated Live Listeria Encoding HPV 16 E7 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Attenuated Live Listeria Encoding HPV 16 E7 Vaccine ADXS11-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Attenuated Live Listeria Encoding HPV 16 E7 Vaccine ADXS11-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Attenuated Live Listeria Encoding Human Papilloma Virus 16 E7 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lm-LLO-E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lovaxin-C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL384120"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1587258-09-0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673240"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673240"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Attenuated_Live_Listeria_Encoding_HPV_16_E7_Vaccine"}]}}{"C65242":{"preferredName":"Auranofin","code":"C65242","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, lipophilic, organogold compound, used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, with anti-inflammatory and potential antineoplastic activities. Auranofin interacts with selenocysteine residue within the redox-active domain of mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), thereby blocking the activity of TrxR. As a result, this agent induces mitochondrial oxidative stress leading to the induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, this agent strongly inhibits the JAK1/STAT3 signal transduction pathway, thereby suppressing expression of immune factors involved in inflammation. TrxR, overexpressed in many cancer cell types, inhibits apoptosis, promotes cell growth and survival and plays a role in resistance to chemotherapy; TrxR catalyzes the reduction of oxidized thioredoxin (Trx) and plays a central role in regulating cellular redox homeostasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AURANOFIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Auranofin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Auranofin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ridaura","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699923"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"34031-32-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3H04W2810V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710355"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710355"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H34AuO9PS"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Auranofin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2922"}]}}{"C148501":{"preferredName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668","code":"C148501","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase aurora A, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, aurora A kinase inhibitor LY3295668 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of aurora A kinase. This may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, inhibition of cell division and the induction of apoptosis in cells overexpressing aurora A kinase. Aurora A kinase, overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers, plays an essential role in the regulation of spindle assembly and mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AK 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3295668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3295668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3295668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551041"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792635"}]}}{"C165238":{"preferredName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668 Erbumine","code":"C165238","definitions":[{"description":"The tert-butylamine salt form of LY3295668, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase aurora A, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, aurora A kinase inhibitor LY3295668 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of aurora A kinase. This may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, inhibition of cell division and the induction of apoptosis in cells overexpressing aurora A kinase. Aurora A kinase, overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers, plays an essential role in the regulation of spindle assembly and mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AK-01 Erbumine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668 Erbumine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668 Erbumine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora Kinase A Inhibitor LY3295668 Erbumine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3295668 Erbumine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3295668 Erbumine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3295668 Erbumine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792635"}]}}{"C90585":{"preferredName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor MK5108","code":"C90585","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, highly selective small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Aurora A, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activity. Aurora A kinase inhibitor MK5108 binds to and inhibits Aurora A kinase, which may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and eventually inhibition of cell division, proliferation and an induction of apoptosis in cells overexpressing Aurora A kinase. Aurora A kinase localizes to the spindle poles and to spindle microtubules during mitosis, and is thought to regulate spindle assembly. Aurora kinases are overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor MK5108","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor MK5108","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 5108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-5108","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MK-5108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK5108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2932550"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1010085-13-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H8J407531S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575529"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575529"}]}}{"C116068":{"preferredName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor TAS-119","code":"C116068","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase aurora A, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, aurora A kinase inhibitor TAS-119 binds to and inhibits aurora A kinase, which may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, inhibition of cell division and the induction of apoptosis in cells overexpressing aurora A kinase. Aurora A kinase localizes to the spindle poles and to spindle microtubules during mitosis; it plays an essential role in the regulation of spindle assembly. Aurora kinase A is overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor TAS-119","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-2104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473487"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760907"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760907"}]}}{"C78190":{"preferredName":"Aurora A Kinase/Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ENMD-2076","code":"C78190","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable synthetic small molecule with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Aurora A kinase/tyrosine kinase inhibitor ENMD-2076 selectively binds to and inhibits non-specified tyrosine kinases and Aurora kinases (AKs). The inhibition of AKs may result in the inhibition of cell division and proliferation and may induce apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress AKs; antiangiogenic activity is related to the inhibition of angiogenic tyrosine kinases. AKs are serine-threonine kinases that play an essential role in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis and are important regulators of cell division and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase/Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ENMD-2076","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase/Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ENMD-2076","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENMD-2076","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703108"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594863"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aurora_A_Kinase_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_ENMD-2076"}]}}{"C82674":{"preferredName":"Aurora B Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-901","code":"C82674","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of the serine-threonine kinase Aurora B with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora B kinase inhibitor TAK-901 binds to and inhibits the activity of Aurora B, which may result in a decrease in the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress Aurora B. Aurora B is a positive regulator of mitosis that functions in the attachment of the mitotic spindle to the centromere; the segregation of sister chromatids to each daughter cell; and the separation of daughter cells during cytokinesis. This serine/threonine kinase may be amplified and overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora B Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-901","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora B Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826371"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632219"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632219"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aurora_B_Serine_Threonine_Kinase_Inhibitor_TAK-901"}]}}{"C91081":{"preferredName":"Aurora B/C Kinase Inhibitor GSK1070916A","code":"C91081","definitions":[{"description":"An ATP-competitive inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinases Aurora B and C with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora B/C kinase inhibitor GSK1070916A binds to and inhibits the activity of Aurora B and C, which may result in inhibition of cellular division and a decrease in the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress the Aurora kinases B and C. Aurora kinases play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis, and are overexpressed by a wide variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora B/C Kinase Inhibitor GSK1070916A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK1070916A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416287"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670668"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670668"}]}}{"C82349":{"preferredName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor AMG 900","code":"C82349","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of Aurora kinases A, B and C with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase inhibitor AMG 900 selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of Aurora kinases A, B and C, which may result in inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress these kinases. Aurora kinases are serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis and are overexpressed by a wide variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 900","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor AMG 900","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor AMG 900","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830045"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639524"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639524"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aurora_Kinase_Inhibitor_AMG_900"}]}}{"C74014":{"preferredName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor BI 811283","code":"C74014","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Aurora kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase inhibitor BI 811283 binds to and inhibits Aurora kinases, resulting in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and inhibition of cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor BI 811283","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 811283","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383543"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590640"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590640"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aurora_Kinase_Inhibitor_BI_811283"}]}}{"C61075":{"preferredName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor MLN8054","code":"C61075","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, highly selective small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Aurora A kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Auora kinase inhibitor MLN8054 binds to and inhibits Aurora kinase A, resulting in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and inhibition of cell proliferation. Aurora A localizes in mitosis to the spindle poles and to spindle microtubules and is thought to regulate spindle assembly. Aberrant expression of Aurora kinases occurs in a wide variety of cancers, including colon and breast cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor MLN8054","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzoic Acid, 4-((9-Chloro-7-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-5H-pyrimido(5,4-d)(2)benzazepin-2-yl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN 8054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN-8054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN8054","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MLN8054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831780"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"869363-13-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BX854EHD63"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473901"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473901"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MLN8054"}]}}{"C66946":{"preferredName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor PF-03814735","code":"C66946","definitions":[{"description":"An aurora kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PF-03814735 binds to and inhibits aurora kinases, serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis. Inhibition of aurora kinases may result in an inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress aurora kinases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor PF-03814735","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-03814735","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1882256"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536035"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536035"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PF-03814735"}]}}{"C70655":{"preferredName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor SNS-314","code":"C70655","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small molecule Aurora kinase (AK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase inhibitor SNS-314 selectively binds to and inhibits AKs A and B, which may result in the inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress AKs. AKs are serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor SNS-314","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor SNS-314","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS-314","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346877"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570599"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570599"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aurora_Kinase_Inhibitor_SNS-314"}]}}{"C84846":{"preferredName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor TTP607","code":"C84846","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule pan-Aurora kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase inhibitor TTP607 selectively binds to and inhibits Aurora kinases A, B and C, which may result in the disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in Aurora kinase-overexpressing tumor cells. Aurora kinases A, B and C, are serine/threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control and are overexpressed by a wide variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor TTP607","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTP607","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412399"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650689"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650689"}]}}{"C70983":{"preferredName":"Aurora Kinase/VEGFR2 Inhibitor CYC116","code":"C70983","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It blocks certain enzymes involved in cell division and may kill cancer cells. It may also prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of protein kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule multi-kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase/VEGFR 2 inhibitor CYC116 inhibits Aurora kinases A and B and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), resulting in disruption of the cell cycle, rapid cell death, and the inhibition of angiogenesis. Aurora kinases are serine/threonine protein kinases that are only expressed in actively dividing cells and are critical in division or mitosis. VEGFR2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase that appears to account for most of the mitogenic and chemotactic effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on adult endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora Kinase/VEGFR2 Inhibitor CYC116","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora Kinase/VEGFR2 Inhibitor CYC116","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYC116","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CYC116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346878"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"566443"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"566443"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aurora_Kinase_VEGFR2_Inhibitor_CYC116"}]}}{"C162532":{"preferredName":"Aurora kinase A/B inhibitor TT-00420","code":"C162532","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of Aurora kinases (AKs) A and B and other currently undisclosed kinases with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, Aurora kinase inhibitor TT-00420 selectively binds to and inhibits AKs A and B, which may inhibit cell division in tumor cells that overexpress AKs. TT-00420 may also target other not yet disclosed kinases that play a role in tumor-associated inflammation and immune evasion. Aurora kinases are serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control and are overexpressed by a wide variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AK A/B inhibitor TT-00420","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora kinase A/B inhibitor TT-00420","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora kinase A/B inhibitor TT-00420","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor TT-00420","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TT 00420","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TT-00420","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TT00420","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798739"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798739"}]}}{"C139730":{"preferredName":"Autologous ACTR-CD16-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes ACTR707","code":"C139730","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified, using proprietary Antibody-Coupled T-cell Receptor (ACTR) technology, to express a chimeric protein containing, at least, the extracellular Fc receptor domain of CD16, normally found on certain immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, coupled to the co-stimulatory signaling domain of CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient with co-administration of a cancer-specific antibody, the co-administered antibody targets and binds to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on the tumor cell. In turn, the autologous ACTR-CD16-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes ACTR707 bind to the antibody, become activated and induce the destruction of the tumor cells by a) releasing cytotoxins that directly kill cancer cells; b) releasing cytokines that trigger an immune response and recruit other immune-mediated killer cells to kill the tumor cells; c) targeting and killing adjacent tumor cells that are not bound to the antibody; d) inducing T-cell proliferation and thereby further enhancing the T-cell mediated tumor cell attack. Compared to other T-cell products, ACTR-based products do not target a specific TAA and can potentially be used in a variety of tumors because targeting is based on the specificity of the co-administered antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTR707","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACTR707 Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACTR707 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous ACTR-CD16-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes ACTR707","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous ACTR-CD16-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes ACTR707","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537915"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C154276":{"preferredName":"Autologous AXL-targeted CAR T-cells CCT301-38","code":"C154276","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) AXL, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, and expansion in culture, the CCT301-38 cells are reintroduced into the patient and are activated within the tumor microenvironment (TME) using proprietary Conditionally Active Biologic (CAB) technology. Upon activation, CAB antibodies bind to a proprietary T-cell signaling domain, promoting T-cell recognition and killing of AXL-expressing tumor cells. AXL is a RTK and oncogene that is overexpressed in many cancer types and is involved in the stimulation of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous AXL-targeted CAR T-cells CCT301-38","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-AXL CAR T Cells CCT30138","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR T-cells Targeting AXL CCT301-38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCT301 38","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCT301-38","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCT30138 CAR T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555277"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794160"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794160"}]}}{"C155883":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells KITE-585","code":"C155883","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from a human monoclonal antibody specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) fused, via an as of yet unknown linker, to the co-stimulatory domain of CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-BCMA CAR transduced T-cells KITE-585 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells, is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells and plays a key role in plasma cell proliferation and survival. The CD28 co-stimulatory domain optimizes T-cell expansion and function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells KITE-585","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells KITE-585","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically Modified Anti-BCMA CAR-T Cells KITE-585","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells KITE-585","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous T-cells KITE-585","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE 585","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE-585","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE585","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562701"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794792"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794792"}]}}{"C142864":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR Expressing Stem Memory T-cells P-BCMA-101","code":"C142864","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation consisting of autologous T-cells that are enriched to be primarily stem memory T-cells (Tscm) and are transfected by electroporation with a proprietary transposon-based DNA plasmid vector (PiggyBac) containing an undisclosed selection gene and encoding both an unidentified human-derived safety switch and a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) based on a proprietary non-immunoglobulin scaffold molecule Centyrin (CARTyrin), which specifically recognizes human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing Tscm P-BCMA-101 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. Use of CARTyrin may elicit less immunotoxicity than agents based on antibody-derived single chain variable fragments (scFv), and this agent may exhibit increased persistence and decreased exhaustion for the administered T-cells. If significant side effects occur, the safety switch mechanism can induce the rapid attenuation or elimination of P-BCMA-101. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) that binds to both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL; TNFSF13) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF; TNFSF13B), plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA Centyrin-based Chimeric Antigen Receptor-expressing Tscm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR Expressing Stem Memory T-cells P-BCMA-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR Expressing Stem Memory T-cells P-BCMA-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous P-BCMA-101 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous P-BCMA-101 CAR-T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous P-BCMA-101 CARTyrin-T cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-BCMA-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540755"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791806"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791806"}]}}{"C147523":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes JCARH125","code":"C147523","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous CD4- and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that have been ex vivo transduced with a genetically-engineered lentiviral vector (LV) expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the CD3-zeta (CD3z) T-cell signaling domain, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes JCARH125 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR-T Cells JCARH 125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes JCARH125","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes JCARH125","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous BCMA 41BBz CAR-T Cell JCARH-125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous BCMA-specific CAR-T Cells JCARH125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous BCMA-specific CAR4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T Lymphocytes JCARH 125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCARH 125","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCARH-125","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCARH125","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545333"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C140310":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing Memory T-lymphocytes bb21217","code":"C140310","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous memory T-lymphocytes transduced, ex vivo, with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing an anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and a CD3-zeta T-cell activation domain, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, the autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing memory T-lymphocytes bb21217 are directed to, and induce selective toxicity in, BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma survival. BCMA is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing Memory T-Cells bb21217","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing Memory T-lymphocytes bb21217","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing Memory T-lymphocytes bb21217","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB 21217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bb-21217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bb21217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538477"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C165507":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CT053","code":"C165507","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a humanized single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) that is fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the T-cell receptor signaling domain of CD3zeta (CD3z), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CT053 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity against BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in the survival of B-lymphocytes and plasma cells. BCMA is found on the surfaces of B-cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA-CAR-41BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CT053","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CT053","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CT053","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA Car-T (CT053)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAR-BCMA T-cells CT053","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT 053","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-053","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT053","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT053 CAR-BCMA T","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT053 CAR-BCMA T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C142807":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes FCARH143","code":"C142807","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of ex vivo expanded autologous CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes FCARH143 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR CD4+/CD8+ Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes FCARH143","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes FCARH143","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing CD8+ and CD4+ T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA CAR-CD4+/CD8+ T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA-specific CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCARH143","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540710"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794992"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794992"}]}}{"C155888":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells IM19","code":"C155888","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and containing, as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR T-cells IM19 target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells IM19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cells IM19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19-specific CAR-T Cells IM19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IM19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562698"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794869"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794869"}]}}{"C156271":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR TCR-zeta/4-1BB-transduced T-lymphocytes huCART19","code":"C156271","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a humanized single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19 coupled to the cytoplasmic portion of the zeta chain of the human T-cell receptor (CD3zeta) and the co-stimulatory molecule 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon re-introduction into the patient, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR TCR-zeta/4-1BB-transduced T-lymphocytes huCART19 target and bind to CD19-expressing neoplastic B-cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. CD19 (cluster of differentiation 19) is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage tumors. Incorporation of the co-stimulatory signaling domains increases human T-cell function, expansion, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cells huCART19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Humanized scFv TCRz-41BB-CAR Lentiviral Vector-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR TCR-zeta/4-1BB-transduced T-lymphocytes huCART19","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR TCR-zeta/4-1BB-transduced T-lymphocytes huCART19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-cells huCART19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTL119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTL119 Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huCART19 Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huCART19 T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562996"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795543"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795543"}]}}{"C162856":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD28 T-cells ET019002","code":"C162856","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19, coupled to the costimulatory domain of CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR-CD28 T-cells ET019002 target, bind to, and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing B-cells. The CD19 antigen is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Autologous CAR T-cells ET019002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD28 T-cells ET019002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET019002-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798902"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798902"}]}}{"C153118":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-cells PZ01","code":"C153118","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19, coupled to the costimulatory domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the human T-cell receptor (CD3zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-cells PZ01 target, bind to, and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing B cells. The CD19 antigen is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-cells PZ01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19-specific CAR-T cells PZ01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous PZ01 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PZ01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554376"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793588"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793588"}]}}{"C158604":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes CLIC-1901","code":"C158604","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that targets the human tumor associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes CLIC-1901 bind to and induce selective toxicity against CD19-expressing tumor cells. The CD19 antigen is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes CLIC-1901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CLIC-1901 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLIC 1901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLIC-1901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLIC1901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938077"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797095"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797095"}]}}{"C142887":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells SJCAR19","code":"C142887","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and containing, as of yet undisclosed, costimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR T-cells SJCAR19 target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cells SJCAR19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CART Cells SJCAR19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells SJCAR19","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells SJCAR19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19-specific CAR-T Cells SJCAR19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SJCAR19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541378"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791828"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791828"}]}}{"C148030":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 T-cell Receptor T cells ET190L1","code":"C148030","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentivirus encoding a proprietary expression construct composed of a T-cell receptor (TCR)-like human antibody, which is synthesized by a proprietary phage display platform, targeting peptides derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 that are presented in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following leukapheresis, isolation of lymphocytes, expansion ex vivo, transduction, and re-introduction into the patient, the autologous anti-CD19 TCR T-cells ET190L1 target and bind to tumor cells expressing CD19 peptide/MHC complexes. This results in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of CD19-positive tumor cells. CD19, cluster of differentiation antigen 19, is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. ET190L1 is able to match the anticancer activity of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells; however, ET190L1 is less likely to stimulate cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and does not cause CAR T-cell-triggered neurotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 T-cell Receptor T cells ET190L1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 T-cell Receptor T cells ET190L1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET 190","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET190","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET190L1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET190L1-ARTEMIS (TM)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET190L1-ARTEMIS (TM) T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545822"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794393"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794393"}]}}{"C162620":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR T-cells AUTO3","code":"C162620","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a bicistronic retroviral vector encoding both an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) fused to OX40 co-stimulatory domain and an anti-CD22 CAR linked to the intracellular signaling domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (TCRzeta; CD247; CD3zeta), optimized with a novel pentameric spacer derived from the collagen oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19/CD22 CAR T-cells AUTO3 bind to and induce selectivity in tumor cells expressing CD19 and CD22. CD19 and CD22, both transmembrane phosphoglycoproteins expressed on the surface of cells in the B lineage, are often overexpressed on malignant B-cells. By simultaneously targeting two B-cell antigens, this preparation may minimize relapse due to single antigen loss in patients with B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AUTO 3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AUTO-3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AUTO3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR Autologous T-lymphocytes AUTO3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR T-cells AUTO3","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR T-cells AUTO3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798924"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798924"}]}}{"C126639":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing CD4+/CD8+ Central Memory T-lymphocytes JCAR014","code":"C126639","definitions":[{"description":"A defined preparation of CD4+ and CD8+ central memory (CM) autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the signaling domains of CD28, 4-1BB (CD137), the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, autologous anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing CD4+/CD8+CM T-lymphocytes JCAR014 are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. Devoid of both ligand binding domains and tyrosine kinase activity, the expressed EGFRt both facilitates in vivo detection of the administered, transduced T-cells and can promote elimination of those cells through a cetuximab-induced antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response. The 4-1BB costimulatory signaling domain enhances both proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing CD4+/CD8+ CM T-lymphocytes JCAR014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing CD4+/CD8+ Central Memory T-lymphocytes JCAR014","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing CD4+/CD8+ Central Memory T-lymphocytes JCAR014","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCAR014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL505072"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780444"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780444"}]}}{"C156251":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD22 CAR-4-1BB-TCRz-transduced T-lymphocytes CART22-65s","code":"C156251","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a recombinant lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD22 human single chain variable fragment (scFv) and linked to the co-stimulatory domain 4-1BB (CD137) coupled to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-CD22 CAR-4-1BB-TCRz -transduced T-lymphocytes CART22-65s express anti-CD22-CAR on their cell surfaces and bind to the CD22 antigen on tumor cell surfaces, resulting in lysis of CD22-expressing tumor cells. CD22, a B-lineage-restricted, transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein, is expressed on malignant B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD22 CAR T-Cells CART22-65s","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD22 CAR-4-1BB-TCRz-transduced T-lymphocytes CART22-65s","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD22 CAR-4-1BB-TCRz-transduced T-lymphocytes CART22-65s","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD22 scFv CAR 4-1BB-TCRz-expressing T-lymphocytes CART22-65s","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CART22-65s Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CART22-65s T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CART22-65s-expressing T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CART22-65s","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562955"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795556"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795556"}]}}{"C162260":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-HLA-A*02/AFP TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140202","code":"C162260","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a T-cell receptor mimetic (TCRm) antibody synthesized by a proprietary phage display platform, targeting the immunogenetic human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) complexed with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02 (HLA-A*02/AFP), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-HLA-A*02/AFP TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140202 specifically recognize and selectively bind to AFP peptides presented by HLA-A*02. This results in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of AFP-expressing tumor cells. AFP, an intracellularly expressed fetal glycoprotein rarely expressed in adult tissues, is overexpressed in certain tumors of endodermal origin and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. AFP is processed into peptides and presented by class I major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) on the surface of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-HLA-A*02/AFP TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140202","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-HLA-A*02/AFP TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET 140202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET-140202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET140202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET140202 Autologous T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798638"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798638"}]}}{"C155884":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-HLA-A*0201/AFP CAR T-cells ET1402L1","code":"C155884","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from a human monoclonal antibody specific for an immunogenic human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) epitope, AFP158-166, complexed with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01 (HLA-A*0201/AFP), fused to the co-stimulatory domains of CD28 and CD3zeta, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-HLA-A*0201/AFP CAR T-cells ET1402L1 specifically recognize and selectively bind to the AFP158-166 peptide presented by HLA-A*0201. Upon binding to the AFP-MHC complex, the T-cells release cytokines and induce selective toxicity in HLA-A*0201/AFP-positive tumor cells. AFP, an intracellularly expressed fetal glycoprotein rarely expressed in adult tissues, is overexpressed in certain tumors of endodermal origin and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. AFP is processed into peptides and presented by class I major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) on the surface of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous AFP-CAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous AFP-CAR-transduced T-cells ET1402L1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-HLA-A*0201/AFP CAR T-cells ET1402L1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous ET1402L1-CAR T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous ET1402L1-CAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous T-cells Transduced with ET1402L1-CAR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET1402L1-CAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562702"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794793"}]}}{"C121379":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 TCR-transduced c259 T Lymphocytes GSK3377794","code":"C121379","definitions":[{"description":"Human autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) NY-ESO-1 and L antigen family member 1 (LAGE-1; Cancer/Testis Antigen 2; CTAG2; CT2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Following leukapheresis, isolation of lymphocytes, expansion ex vivo, transduction, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-NY-ESO1/LAGE-1 TCR-transduced c259 T-lymphocytes GSK3377794 specifically target and bind to NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1-positive cancer cells. NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1, members of the cancer-testis antigen (CTA) family, are overexpressed on the surface of various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 TCR-transduced c259 T Lymphocytes GSK3377794","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 TCR-transduced c259 T Lymphocytes GSK3377794","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous T-Cells Expressing Enhanced TCRs Specific for NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1a GSK3377794","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genetically Engineered NY-ESO-1 Specific [c259] T Cells GSK3377794","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genetically Engineered NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 Specific (c259) T Cells GSK3377794","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NY-ESO-1c259 T Cells GSK3377794","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055426"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786186"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786186"}]}}{"C156153":{"preferredName":"Autologous B-cell/Monocyte-presenting HER2/neu Antigen Vaccine BVAC-B","code":"C156153","definitions":[{"description":"An autologous vaccine composed of the antigen presenting cells (APCs) B-lymphocytes and monocytes presenting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2/neu; HER-2; EGFR2; ErbB2). Upon administration of the autologous B-cell- and monocyte-presenting HER2/neu antigen vaccine BVAC-B, the APCs may stimulate the immune system to mount a HER2/neu-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response as well as a natural killer (NK) cell, and antibody-mediated immune response against HER-2/neu-positive tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death and decreased tumor growth. HER-2, a tyrosine kinase receptor for epidermal growth factor (EGF), is overexpressed by a variety of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous B-cell/Monocyte-presenting HER2/neu Antigen Vaccine BVAC-B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVAC B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVAC-B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVACB","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2/neu-specific Autologous B-cell/Monocyte Vaccine BVAC-B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562872"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795331"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795331"}]}}{"C162506":{"preferredName":"Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells LCAR-B4822M","code":"C162506","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTLs) that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T-cells LCAR-B4822M specifically recognize and kill BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily and plays a key role in plasma cell survival; it is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells LCAR-B4822M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous LCAR-B4822M CAR T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA-specific CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes LCAR-B4822M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCAR B4822M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCAR-B4822M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCAR-B4822M CAR-T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCAR-B4822M-02 Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCARB4822M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798658"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798658"}]}}{"C148498":{"preferredName":"Autologous Bi-epitope BCMA-targeted CAR T-cells JNJ-68284528","code":"C148498","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are transduced, ex vivo, with LCAR-B38M, a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing two bispecific anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) variable fragments of llama heavy-chain murine antibodies fused to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The antigen-binding region of the CAR is a non-scFv structure targeting two distinct regions of BCMA. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, the autologous bi-epitope BCMA-targeted CAR T-cells JNJ-68284528 are directed to cells expressing BCMA, bind to two different epitopes on BCMA and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR-T Cells JNJ-68284528","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Bi-epitope BCMA-targeted CAR T-cells JNJ-68284528","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Bi-epitope BCMA-targeted CAR T-cells JNJ-68284528","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Bi-epitope CAR T-cells JNJ-68284528","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-68284528","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCAR-B38M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCAR-B38M-transduced CAR-T Cells JNJ-68284528","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551044"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792630"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792630"}]}}{"C103865":{"preferredName":"Autologous Bone Marrow-derived CD34/CXCR4-positive Stem Cells AMR-001","code":"C103865","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based product containing autologous bone marrow derived CD34 positive and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) positive stem cells with potential antiapoptotic and proangiogenic activities. Upon intracoronary infusion after a myocardial infarction (MI), autologous bone marrow-derived CD34/CXCR4-positive stem cells may preserve cardiac muscle cells and prevent apoptosis; thus improving myocardial perfusion. CD34/CXCR4-positive stem cells are naturally mobilized upon cell injury through signaling by hypoxia inducing factor (HIF), which is secreted in response to hypoxia. In turn, HIF induces the synthesis of stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) which mobilize CD34/CXCR4 positive stem cells; CXCR4 is the receptor for stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMR-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Bone Marrow-derived CD34/CXCR4-positive Stem Cells AMR-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Bone Marrow-derived CD34/CXCR4-positive Stem Cells AMR-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438343"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743421"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743421"}]}}{"C158533":{"preferredName":"Autologous CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3005","code":"C158533","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to co-express three transgenes using the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system and include a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting an undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA), a membrane-bound IL-15 (mbIL15) and a safety/kill switch, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction of the autologous PRGN-3005 into the patient, the T-cells target and bind to the TAA-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in the TAA-expressing tumor cells. IL-15 is a pro-survival cytokine that is required for the maintenance of long-lived CD8+ memory T-cells and use of mbIL15 preserves T stem-cell memory (TSCM) through sustained IL-15 signaling, improves T-cell persistence and potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. The safety switch can promote selective elimination of the CAR-T cells. The SB system permits integration of the CAR, the IL-15 fusion variant and safety switch transgenes into T-cells without the need for viral vectors and accelerates the manufacturing process.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous CAR-T Cells PRGN 3005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3005","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3005","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous PRGN-3005 UltraCAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRGN 3005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRGN-3005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRGN-3005 UltraCAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRGN3005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937966"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797473"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797473"}]}}{"C160847":{"preferredName":"Autologous CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3006","code":"C160847","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to co-express three transgenes using the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system, including a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting an undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA), a membrane-bound IL-15 (mbIL15) and a safety/kill switch, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction of the autologous PRGN-3006 T-cells into the patient, these T-cells target, bind to and induce selective toxicity in cells expressing this particular TAA. IL-15 is a pro-survival cytokine that is required for the maintenance of long-lived CD8+ memory T-cells. Use of mbIL15 preserves T stem-cell memory (TSCM) through sustained IL-15 signaling, improves T-cell persistence and potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. The safety switch can promote selective elimination of the CAR-T cells. The SB system permits integration of the CAR, the IL-15 fusion variant and safety switch transgenes into T-cells without the need for viral vectors and accelerates the manufacturing process.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous CAR-T Cells PRGN 3006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3006","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRGN 3006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRGN-3006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRGN3006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798420"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798420"}]}}{"C148526":{"preferredName":"Autologous CD123-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR123","code":"C148526","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA) single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous CD123-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR123 are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD123-expressing tumor cells. iCasp9 consists of a human FK506 drug-binding domain with an F36V mutation (FKBP12-F36V) linked to human caspase 9. If the administered T-cells lead to unacceptable side effects, the chemical homodimerizer AP1903 can be administered. AP1903 binds to the drug binding FKBP12-F36V domain and induces activation of caspase 9, which results in the apoptosis of the administered T-cells and enhances safety of this agent. CD123 is normally expressed on committed blood progenitor cells in the bone marrow; its overexpression is associated with increased leukemic cell proliferation and aggressiveness. CD28, CD137 and CD27, T-cell surface-associated co-stimulatory molecules, are required for full T-cell activation and enhance both proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4S-CD123-CAR-T Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR123 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123 CAR-T Cells 4SCAR123","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123-CD28-CD137-CD27-CD3z-iCasp9 CAR T-cells 4SCAR123","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD123-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR123","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123-4SCAR-expressing T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123-scFv/CD28/CD137/CD27/CD3z-iCasp9 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123-specific 4th Generation Chimeric Antigen Receptor-modified T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551139"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792687"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792687"}]}}{"C155878":{"preferredName":"Autologous CD19-targeted CAR T Cells JWCAR029","code":"C155878","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and containing, as of yet undisclosed, costimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous CD19-targeted CAR T-cells JWCAR029 target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells JWCAR029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19-targeted CAR T Cells JWCAR029","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JWCAR 029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JWCAR-029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JWCAR029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562704"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794777"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794777"}]}}{"C148525":{"preferredName":"Autologous CD20-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR20","code":"C148525","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-CD20 single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, autologous CD20-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR20 are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD20-expressing tumor cells. iCasp9 consists of a human FK506 drug-binding domain with an F36V mutation (FKBP12-F36V) linked to human caspase 9. If the administered T-cells lead to unacceptable side effects, the chemical homodimerizer AP1903 can be administered. AP1903 binds to the drug binding FKBP12-F36V domain and induces activation of caspase 9, which results in the apoptosis of the administered T-cells and enhances safety of this agent. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. CD28, CD137 and CD27, T-cell surface-associated co-stimulatory molecules, are required for full T-cell activation and enhance both proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4S-CD20-CAR-T Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR20","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR20 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20 CAR-T Cells 4SCAR20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20-CD28-CD137-CD27-CD3z-iCasp9 CAR T-cells 4SCAR20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD20-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20-4SCAR-expressing T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20-scFv/CD28/CD137/CD27/CD3z-iCasp9 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20-specific 4th Generation Chimeric Antigen Receptor-modified T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551140"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792686"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792686"}]}}{"C148524":{"preferredName":"Autologous CD22-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR22","code":"C148524","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-CD22 single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, autologous CD22-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR22 are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD22-expressing tumor cells. iCasp9 consists of a human FK506 drug-binding domain with an F36V mutation (FKBP12-F36V) linked to human caspase 9. If the administered T-cells lead to unacceptable side effects, the chemical homodimerizer AP1903 can be administered. AP1903 binds to the drug binding FKBP12-F36V domain and induces activation of caspase 9, which results in the apoptosis of the administered T-cells and enhances safety of this agent. CD22, a B-lineage-restricted, transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein, is expressed on malignant B cells. CD28, CD137 and CD27, T-cell surface-associated co-stimulatory molecules, are required for full T-cell activation and enhance both proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4S-CD22-CAR-T Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR22","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR22 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD22 CAR-T Cells 4SCAR22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD22-CD28-CD137-CD27-CD3z-iCasp9 CAR T-cells 4SCAR22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD22-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR22","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD22-4SCAR-expressing T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD22-scFv/CD28/CD137/CD27/CD3z-iCasp9 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD22-specific 4th Generation Chimeric Antigen Receptor-modified T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551144"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792685"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792685"}]}}{"C148523":{"preferredName":"Autologous CD38-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR38","code":"C148523","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-CD38 single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, autologous CD38-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR38 are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD38-expressing tumor cells. iCasp9 consists of a human FK506 drug-binding domain with an F36V mutation (FKBP12-F36V) linked to human caspase 9. If the administered T-cells lead to unacceptable side effects, the chemical homodimerizer AP1903 can be administered. AP1903 binds to the drug binding FKBP12-F36V domain and induces activation of caspase 9, which results in the apoptosis of the administered T-cells and enhances safety of this agent. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies, and its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis. CD28, CD137 and CD27, T-cell surface-associated co-stimulatory molecules, are required for full T-cell activation and enhance both proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4S-CD38-CAR-T Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR38","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR38 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38 CAR-T Cells 4SCAR38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38-CD28-CD137-CD27-CD3z-iCasp9 CAR T-cells 4SCAR38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD38-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR38","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD38-4SCAR-expressing T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD38-scFv/CD28/CD137/CD27/CD3z-iCasp9 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD38-specific 4th Generation Chimeric Antigen Receptor-modified T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551145"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792684"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792684"}]}}{"C158091":{"preferredName":"Autologous Deep IL-15 Primed T-cells TRQ15-01","code":"C158091","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified, multi-antigen-directed autologous T-lymphocytes, that have particles, consisting of multiple chemically crosslinked human cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15)/IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra)/Fc heterodimers, attached to their surface, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. TRQ15-01 is made from monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) that are pulsed with peptides from multiple tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) to expand cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) that are subsequently loaded with IL-15 particles. Upon administration of the autologous deep IL-15 primed T-cells, the IL-15/IL-15Ra fusion proteins are slowly released in vivo from the T-cells in a controlled manner and induce autocrine cytokine stimulation of the administered T-cells, thereby increasing T-cell division of the administered T-cells. The expanded T-cells target, bind to and kill tumor cells. This increases tumor cell growth inhibition by T-cells. IL-15 is a pro-survival, inflammatory cytokine and causes sustained T-cell expansion and enhanced anti-tumor activity. Compared to systemically delivered IL-15, IL-15 attached to the T-cells greatly increases target CD8 T-cell concentrations in the tumor, without significant systemic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Deep IL-15 Primed T-cells TRQ15-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Deep IL-15 Primed T-cells TRQ15-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-15 Loaded Autologous T-lymphocytes TRQ15-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRQ15-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937688"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797353"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797353"}]}}{"C121856":{"preferredName":"Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine ACT2001","code":"C121856","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous, immature dendritic cells (DCs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, immature DCs are isolated and re-administered intra-tumorally. The immature DCs internalize and process the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), migrate to the lymphatic system, and then expose the immune system to the TAAs. This induces a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the cancer cells leading to tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACT2001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous DC Vaccine ACT2001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine ACT2001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053686"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771721"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771721"}]}}{"C123928":{"preferredName":"Autologous Dendritic Cell-based Immunotherapeutic AV0113","code":"C123928","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic interleukin-12 (IL-12)-expressing dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccine composed of autologous monocyte-derived DCs loaded with autologous tumor cell lysate and exposed to the microbial cell wall component lipopolysaccharide (LPS), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The monocyte-derived immature DCs are loaded with autologous tumor cell lysates and are subsequently exposed to LPS and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Upon administration of autologous DC-based immunotherapeutic AV0113, the mature DCs migrate into the lymph nodes, express the immune stimulatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) and activate the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer (NK) cells and induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which may result in immune-mediated tumor cell death and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Exposure to LPS and IFN-gamma allows the maturation of DCs and optimizes the presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by DCs to T-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AV0113","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AV0113 DC-CIT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AV0113 Dendritic Cell Cancer Immunotherapeutic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous DC-based Immunotherapeutic AV0113","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Dendritic Cell-based Immunotherapeutic AV0113","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498291"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775935"}]}}{"C150698":{"preferredName":"Autologous FRa-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR-FRa","code":"C150698","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-folate receptor alpha (FRa; folate receptor 1; FOLR1) single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (CD3zeta; CD3z), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous FRa-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR-FRa are directed to and induce selective toxicity in FRa-expressing tumor cells. iCasp9 consists of a human FK506 drug-binding domain with an F36V mutation (FKBP12-F36V) linked to human caspase 9. If the administered T-cells lead to unacceptable side effects, the chemical homodimerizer AP1903 can be administered. AP1903 binds to the drug binding FKBP12-F36V domain and induces activation of caspase 9, which results in the apoptosis of the administered T-cells and enhances safety of this agent. FRa is overexpressed in various tumor cell types, and is associated with increased leukemic cell proliferation and aggressiveness. CD28, CD137 and CD27, T-cell surface-associated co-stimulatory molecules, are required for full T-cell activation and enhance both proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4SCAR-FRa","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous 4S-FRa-CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-FRa-CD28-CD137-CD27-CD3z-iCasp9 CAR T-cells 4SCAR-FRa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous FRa-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR-FRa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells 4SCAR-FRa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FRa-specific 4th Generation CART Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552500"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793118"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793118"}]}}{"C162804":{"preferredName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 CD8alpha T Cells","code":"C162804","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human melanoma antigen A4 (MAGE-A4) and the CD8alpha co-receptor, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 CD8alpha T-cells bind to tumor cells expressing MAGE-A4. This may result in both inhibition of growth and increased cell death of MAGE-A4-expressing tumor cells. The tumor-associated antigen MAGE-A4, a member of the MAGE-A family of cancer testis antigens, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types. Co-expression of CD8alpha may broaden the immune response against tumors and increase antitumor activity by converting CD4+ helper T-cells into CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADP-A2M4CD8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 CD8alpha T Cells","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 CD8alpha T Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 CD8alpha T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified Melanoma Antigen A4 CD8alpha T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous MAGE-A4 C1032 TCR-modified CD8alpha T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-transduced MAGE-A4 C1032 CD8alpha T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A4 SPEAR CD8alpha T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A4-specific TCR gene-transduced C1032 CD8alpha T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPEAR T-cell ADP-A2M4CD8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799099"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799099"}]}}{"C138107":{"preferredName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 T Cells","code":"C138107","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human melanoma antigen A4 (MAGE-A4), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 T-cells bind to tumor cells expressing MAGE-A4. This may result in both inhibition of growth and increased cell death of MAGE-A4-expressing tumor cells. The tumor-associated antigen MAGE-A4, a member of the MAGE-A family of cancer testis antigens, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADP-A2M4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 T Cells","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 T Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified Melanoma Antigen A4 T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous MAGE-A4 C1032 TCR-modified T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-transduced MAGE-A4 C1032 T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A4 SPEAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A4-specific TCR gene-transduced C1032 T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPEAR T-cell ADP-A2M4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525044"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790617"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790617"}]}}{"C159977":{"preferredName":"Autologous HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted TCR Gene Engineered Lymphocytes KITE-439","code":"C159977","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01-restricted human papillomavirus type 16 isoform E7 protein (HPV16 E7) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo and re-introduction into the patient, the autologous HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted T-lymphocytes KITE-439 target and bind HPV16 E7-expressing tumor cells. This may lead to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of tumor cells expressing the HPV16 E7 antigen. HPV16 E7, a cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in various HPV-mediated cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted TCR Gene Engineered Lymphocytes KITE-439","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted TCR Gene Engineered Lymphocytes KITE-439","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV16 E7 T-cell Receptor Engineered T-cells KITE-439","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted TCR Gene Engineered Autologous T-lymphocytes KITE-439","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE 439","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE-439","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE439","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797966"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797966"}]}}{"C37448":{"preferredName":"Autologous Heat-Shock Protein 70 Peptide Vaccine AG-858","code":"C37448","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant cancer vaccine made with tumor-derived heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) peptide complexes. HSP70 associates with antigenic peptides, transporting them into antigen presenting cells (APC) for processing. Tumor-derived HSP70-peptide complexes used in vaccine preparations have been shown to prime tumor immunity and tumor-specific T cells in animal models. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG-858","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Heat-Shock Protein 70 Peptide Vaccine AG-858","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328058"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"334949"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"334949"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Autologous_Heat-Shock_Protein_70_Peptide_Vaccine"}]}}{"C162627":{"preferredName":"Autologous LMP1/LMP2/EBNA1-specific HLA-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted TCR-expressing T-lymphocytes YT-E001","code":"C162627","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane proteins (LMP) 1 and 2, and EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the autologous LMP1/LMP2/EBNA1-specific, HLA-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted TCR-expressing T-lymphocytes YT-E001 recognize and bind to HLA-presented EBV peptides, which may promote cell death and inhibit the growth of tumor cells expressing LMP1, LMP2 or EBNA1. LMP1, LMP2, and EBNA1 are expressed in various, EBV-associated malignancies, including nasopharyngeal cancer and EBV-positive Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous EBV-specific TCR T-cells YT-E001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous LMP1/LMP2/EBNA1-specific HLA-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted TCR-expressing T-lymphocytes YT-E001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YT E001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YT-E001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YTE001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798763"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798763"}]}}{"C135534":{"preferredName":"Autologous MAGE-A3/A6-specific TCR Gene-engineered Lymphocytes KITE-718","code":"C135534","definitions":[{"description":"Human autologous T-lymphocytes genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) that specifically targets human melanoma-associated antigen A3 (MAGE-A3) and MAGE-A6 (MAGEA3/A6; MAGE-A3/A6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are isolated from a patient, transduced with a gene expressing a TCR specific for the MAGE-A3/A6 antigens, expanded ex vivo, and reintroduced into the patient. Then, the autologous MAGE-A3/A6-specific TCR gene engineered lymphocytes KITE-718 target and bind to tumor cells expressing the MAGE-A3 and/or MAGE-A6 antigens. This halts the growth of and kills MAGE-A3/A6-expressing cancer cells. The tumor-associated antigens MAGE-A3 and MAGE-A6 are overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-MAGE-A3/A6 TCR-transduced T Cells KITE-718","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous MAGE-A3/A6-specific TCR Gene-engineered Lymphocytes KITE-718","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous MAGE-A3/A6-specific TCR Gene-engineered Lymphocytes KITE-718","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE 718","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE-718","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3/A6 T Cell Receptor Engineered T-Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3/A6 T-Cell Receptor Engineered T-Cells KITE-718","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3/A6 TCR Engineered T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGEA3/A6-targeted TCR-transduced T-Cells KITE-718","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCR-transduced Autologous T-Cells KITE-718","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522896"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788966"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788966"}]}}{"C156382":{"preferredName":"Autologous MCPyV-specific HLA-A02-restricted TCR-transduced CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells FH-MCVA2TCR","code":"C156382","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous CD4+ and CD62L-expressing CD8+ T-cells transduced with a third generation lentiviral vector (LV) to express the high affinity T-cell receptor (TCR) A2 -MCC1, specific for the human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A02-restricted Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV; MCV) viral oncoprotein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous MCPyV-specific HLA-A02-restricted TCR-transduced CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells FH-MCVA2TCR selectively bind to the KLLEIAPNC epitope (KLL epitope) within the MCPyV viral oncoprotein. This results in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of tumor cells expressing the MCPyV viral oncoprotein. Additionally, tumor-specific HLA-A02-restricted CD4+ cells promote class I-restricted CD8+ proliferation, survival and effector functions by producing interleukin (IL)-2 and facilitating the activation of dendritic cells (DCs). MCPyV viral oncoprotein is highly expressed in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) caused by MCPyV.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells transduced with TCR A2-MCC1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous MCPyV-specific HLA-A02-restricted TCR-transduced CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells FH-MCVA2TCR","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous MCPyV-specific HLA-A02-restricted TCR-transduced CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells FH-MCVA2TCR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FH-MCVA2TCR","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FH-MCVA2TCR Autologous CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells Transduced with TCR A2-MCC1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563078"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795693"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795693"}]}}{"C113803":{"preferredName":"Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Apceth_101","code":"C113803","definitions":[{"description":"Human autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) harvested from the bone marrow of a patient and genetically modified with a self-inactivating retroviral vector expressing the suicide gene herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK), that can be used to activate synthetic acyclic guanosine analogues when co-administered. Upon intravenous administration of autologous mesenchymal stem cells apceth_101, the cells are actively recruited to the tumor stroma, differentiate into more mature mesenchymal cells, and become part of the tumor microenvironment. When a synthetic acyclic guanosine analogue, such as ganciclovir, is co-administered, the HSV-TK within the HSV-TK-transduced MSCs will monophosphorylate this prodrug. Subsequently the monophosphate form is further converted to the diphosphate form and then to its active triphosphate form by cellular kinases. The active form of ganciclovir kills the HSV-TK-transduced MSCs and leads to a bystander effect, which eliminates neighboring cancer cells. Therefore, synthetic acyclic guanosine analogues are activated only at the tumor site, which increases their local efficacy and reduces systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Agenmestencel-T","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous MSC_Apceth_101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Apceth_101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471784"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757685"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757685"}]}}{"C155775":{"preferredName":"Autologous Mesothelin-specific Human mRNA CAR-transfected PBMCs MCY-M11","code":"C155775","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) transfected with anti-mesothelin chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) mRNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal (IP) administration, the autologous mesothelin-specific human mRNA CAR-transfected PBMCs MCY-M11 recognize, bind to, phagocytose and directly kill cancer cells expressing mesothelin. In addition, MCY-M11 stimulates the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against the mesothelin-expressing cancer cells. Mesothelin, a cell surface glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion, is overexpressed in many epithelial-derived cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin mRNA-transfected Autologous PBMCs MCY-M11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Mesothelin-specific Human mRNA CAR-transfected PBMCs MCY-M11","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Mesothelin-specific Human mRNA CAR-transfected PBMCs MCY-M11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCY-M11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556250"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794988"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794988"}]}}{"C121536":{"preferredName":"Autologous NKG2D CAR-CD3zeta-DAP10-expressing T-Lymphocytes CYAD-01","code":"C121536","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTLs) that have been genetically modified and transduced with a retroviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) encoding full-length human natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D or KLRK1) fused to the CD3zeta cytoplasmic signaling domain and containing the naturally-expressed adaptor molecule DNAX-activating protein of 10 kDa (DAP10), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion back into the patient, autologous NKG2D CAR-CD3zeta-DAP10-expressing T-lymphocytes CYAD-01 specifically recognize and bind to tumor cells expressing NKG2D ligands. This induces secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and results in the lysis of NKG2D ligand-expressing tumor cells. In addition, CYAD-01 targets, binds to and kills NKG2D ligand expressing tumor-associated endothelial cells in the neovasculature and immunosuppressive cells, such as regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that express NKG2D ligands. It also activates macrophages within the TME. Ligands for NKG2D, such as MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA), MICB, and members of the UL16-binding proteins (ULBP)/retinoic acid early transcript 1 (RAET1) family, are overexpressed on infected cells and most cancer cell types, but are not expressed on most normal, healthy cells. NKG2D, a dimeric, type II transmembrane protein expressed on human natural killer (NK) and certain T-cells, in association with the natural adaptive protein DAP10, promotes the elimination of NKG2D ligand-expressing cells. The CD3zeta signaling domain and DAP10 provide co-stimulatory signaling upon ligand binding, enhance the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to binding to NKG2D ligand-expressing tumor cells and enhances T-cell cytotoxicity. DAP10 also associates with and stabilizes NKG2D, which facilitates expression of the NKG2D-CAR-CD3zeta construct at the cell surface.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous CAR NKG2D","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR-T NKG2D","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR-T NKR-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CM-CS1 T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous NKG2D CAR-CD3zeta-DAP10-expressing T-Lymphocytes CYAD-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous NKG2D CAR-CD3zeta-DAP10-expressing T-Lymphocytes CYAD-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous NKG2D CAR-CD3zeta-DAP10-expressing T-cells CYAD-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous NKR 2 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous NKR-2 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM CS-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM-CS-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM-CS1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYAD-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYAD-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKR 2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKR-2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055424"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788734"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788734"}]}}{"C82361":{"preferredName":"Autologous Prostate Cancer Antigen-expressing Dendritic Cell Vaccine BPX-101","code":"C82361","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically-modified autologous dendritic cell-based vaccine expressing a drug-inducible costimulatory CD40 receptor (iCD40) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous dendritic cells (DCs) are genetically modified to express the iCD40 receptor and are pulsed with the tumor antigen prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Upon intradermal administration, these DCs accumulate in local draining lymph nodes. Twenty-four hours after vaccination, the dimerizer agent AP1903 is administered; AP1903 binds to and activates iCD40 receptors presented on DC surfaces, thus activating the DCs and stimulating a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against host tumor cells that express PSMA. This delayed activation strategy optimizes DC accumulation in local draining lymph nodes prior to DC activation. iCD40 contains a membrane-localized cytoplasmic CD40 domain fused to a drug-binding domain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Prostate Cancer Antigen-expressing Dendritic Cell Vaccine BPX-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP-GMAX-CD1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPX-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408640"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640422"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640422"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"iCD40_Receptor_Pulsed_Autologous_Dendritic_Cell_Vaccine_BP-GMAX-CD1"}]}}{"C128031":{"preferredName":"Autologous Prostate Stem Cell Antigen-specific CAR T Cells BPX-601","code":"C128031","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-human prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) scFv (single chain variable fragment) coupled to the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCRzeta) and a drug-induced co-stimulatory molecule, composed of an inducible, chimeric MyD88/CD40 (inducible MC; iMC) co-stimulatory domain, in which both the MyD88 and CD40 lack their extracellular domains, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of BPX-601, the T-cells target and bind to PSCA-expressing cancer cells. Upon subsequent administration of the chemical inducer of dimerization (CID) agent rimiducid, this agent targets and binds to the drug binding domain, which leads to iMC expression, activation of both CD40- and MyD88-mediated signal transduction pathways, and an induction of selective cytotoxicity in, and eradication of PSCA-expressing cancer cells. iMC activation by rimiducid increases T-cell survival and anti-tumor activity of the administered T-cells, compared to T-cells without the drug iMC activation-switch. As these T-cells are engineered to only be fully activated by binding to both antigen and rimiducid, T-cell proliferation, activity and toxicity can be controlled by adjusting the dose of rimiducid, thereby preventing uncontrolled T-cell activation which increases the safety of the administered T-cells. PSCA is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface antigen overexpressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous PSCA-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor Engineered T Cells BPX-601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous PSCA-specific CAR T Cells BPX-601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Prostate Stem Cell Antigen-specific CAR T Cells BPX-601","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPX-601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GoCART BPX-601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iMC/PSCA-zeta CAR BPX-601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507925"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781278"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781278"}]}}{"C154277":{"preferredName":"Autologous ROR2-targeted CAR T-cells CCT301-59","code":"C154277","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, and expansion in culture, CCT301-59 cells are reintroduced into the patient and are activated within the tumor microenvironment (TME) using proprietary Conditionally Active Biologic (CAB) technology. Upon activation, CAB antibodies bind to a proprietary T-cell signaling domain, promoting T-cell recognition and killing of ROR2-expressing tumor cells. ROR2 is involved in Wnt signal transduction and is involved in tumorigenesis and progression. ROR2 expression is upregulated in certain tumor types and high levels of ROR2 expression often correlates with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-ROR2 CAR T Cells CCT301-59","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR T-cells Targeting ROR2 CCT301-59","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CCT301-59 CAR T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous ROR2-targeted CAR T-cells CCT301-59","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCT301 59","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCT301-59","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555278"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794161"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794161"}]}}{"C154285":{"preferredName":"Autologous TAAs-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cells AV-GBM-1","code":"C154285","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with immunogenic tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) derived from cultured autologous glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumor cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous TAA-loaded DCs AV-GBM-1 expose the immune system to the GBM neoantigens, which results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the autologous GBM cells leading to GBM cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AV GBM 1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AV-GBM-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Dendritic Cells Loaded With Autologous Tumor Associated Antigens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TAAs-loaded Autologous DCs AV-GBM-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TAAs-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cells AV-GBM-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cells AV-GBM-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555286"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794138"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794138"}]}}{"C146779":{"preferredName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA201","code":"C146779","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for an as of yet not identified tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, the autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA201 specifically recognize and bind to the TAA on cancer cells, which induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the TAA-positive cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTengine IMA201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous T-cell Receptor-engineered T-cells IMA201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA 201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA201 Autologous T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA201 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544786"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C153218":{"preferredName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA202","code":"C153218","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) targeting patient-specific tumor associated antigens (TAAs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, the autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA202 specifically recognize and bind to the TAA on cancer cells, which induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the TAA-positive cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTengine IMA202","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA202","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA 202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA-202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA202 T-cell Product","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA202 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554340"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794052"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794052"}]}}{"C161831":{"preferredName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA203","code":"C161831","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified with a viral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) targeting an as of yet undisclosed patient-specific tumor associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, the autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA203 specifically recognize and bind to the TAA on cancer cells, which induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the TAA-positive cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTengine IMA203","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous T-cell Receptor-engineered T-cells IMA203","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA203","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA203","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA 203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA-203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA203 Autologous T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA203 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C120552":{"preferredName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-144","code":"C120552","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), with potential antineoplastic activity. TILs are isolated from a patient's tumor tissue, cultured in vitro with high-dose interleukin-2 (lL-2), further selected based on antigen specificity and tumor reactivity, and the selected TILs are subsequently expanded. Upon re-introduction of LN-144 into the patient, the TILs re-infiltrate the tumor, specifically recognize the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), and initiate tumor cell lysis. IL-2 induces the proliferation and expansion of TILs in vitro.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous TIL LN-144","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-144","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-144","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Contego","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LN-144","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053624"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769186"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769186"}]}}{"C135634":{"preferredName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145","code":"C135634","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), with potential immunomodulating activity. The autologous TILs are isolated from an autologous tumor sample and expanded ex vivo in the presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2). Upon infusion of the autologous TILs LN-145 back into the patient, the cells specifically recognize, target and kill the patient's tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous TILs LN-145","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LN-145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LN145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522989"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789043"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789043"}]}}{"C153312":{"preferredName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes MDA-TIL","code":"C153312","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) with potential antineoplastic activity. TILs are isolated from a patient's tumor tissue, then cultured and expanded in vitro in the presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and an agonistic anti-4-1BB (CD137) antibody. Upon infusion of the autologous expanded TILs back into the patient, the cells specifically recognize, target, and kill the patient's tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes MDA-TIL","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes MDA-TIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDA Autologous TILs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDA Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDA-TILs","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554425"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794072"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794072"}]}}{"C160786":{"preferredName":"Avadomide","code":"C160786","definitions":[{"description":"A novel, small molecule cereblon-modulating agent with potential antineoplastic, antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, avadomide binds to and modulates cereblon to promote recruitment of the hematopoietic transcription factors Aiolos and Ikaros to the Cullin-4 RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. This binding results in the ubiquitination and rapid proteasomal degradation of Aiolos and Ikaros and the derepression of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes, including DDX58 and IRF7, leading to apoptosis of certain tumor cells. Additionally, Aiolos degredation leads to derepression of the IL2 gene, thereby enhancing interleukin-2 production, costimulation of T-lymphocytes and IL-2-induced T-cell proliferation. Avadomide may also promote the activation of natural killer (NK) cells, potentially enhancing tumor cell killing. Aiolos and Ikaros are transcriptional repressors known to play an important role in normal B- and T-cell function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,6-Piperidinedione, 3-(5-amino-2-methyl-4-oxo-3(4H)-quinazolinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVADOMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Avadomide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Avadomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1015474-32-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"28DZS29F59"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798417"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798417"}]}}{"C97956":{"preferredName":"Avadomide Hydrochloride","code":"C97956","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of avadomide, a novel, small molecule, cereblon-modulating agent with potential antineoplastic, antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, avadomide binds to and modulates cereblon to promote recruitment of the hematopoietic transcription factors Aiolos and Ikaros to the Cullin-4 RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. This binding results in the ubiquitination and rapid proteasomal degradation of Aiolos and Ikaros and the derepression of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes, including DDX58 and IRF7, leading to apoptosis of certain tumor cells. Additionally, Aiolos degredation leads to derepression of the IL2 gene, thereby enhancing interleukin-2 production, costimulation of T-lymphocytes and IL-2-induced T-cell proliferation. Avadomide may also promote the activation of natural killer (NK) cells, potentially enhancing tumor cell killing. Aiolos and Ikaros are transcriptional repressors known to play an important role in normal B- and T-cell function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,6-Piperidinedione, 3-(5-Amino-2-methyl-4-oxo-3(4H)-quinazolinyl)-, Hydrochloride (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVADOMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Avadomide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Avadomide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-122 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430562"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1398053-45-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6CX4AEX3KR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710428"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710428"}]}}{"C123827":{"preferredName":"Avapritinib","code":"C123827","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of specific mutated forms of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR alpha; PDGFRa) and mast/stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, avapritinib specifically binds to and inhibits specific mutant forms of PDGFRa and c-Kit, including the PDGFRa D842V mutant and various KIT exon 17 mutants. This results in the inhibition of PDGFRa- and c-Kit-mediated signal transduction pathways and the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells that express these PDGFRa and c-Kit mutants. PDGFRa and c-Kit, protein tyrosine kinases and tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), are mutated in various tumor cell types; they play key roles in the regulation of cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVAPRITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Avapritinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Avapritinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU-285","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDGFR alpha/KIT Mutant-specific Inhibitor BLU-285","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498221"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1703793-34-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"513P80B4YJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775630"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775630"}]}}{"C116870":{"preferredName":"Avelumab","code":"C116870","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human immunosuppressive ligand programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, avelumab binds to PD-L1 and prevents the interaction of PD-L1 with its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). This inhibits the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) targeted to PD-L1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, avelumab induces an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic (ADCC) response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-1, a cell surface receptor belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligand, and plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. PD-L1, a transmembrane protein, is overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types and is associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVELUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Avelumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Avelumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bavencio","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1-lambda1, Anti-(Homo sapiens CD274 (Programmed Death Ligand 1, PDL1, pd-l1, B7 Homolog 1, B7H1)), Homo sapiens Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB-0010718C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB0010718C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055417"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1537032-82-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma; metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC); advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC)."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KXG2PJ551I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745752"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745752"}]}}{"C118671":{"preferredName":"Avitinib Maleate","code":"C118671","definitions":[{"description":"The maleate salt form of avitinib, an orally available, irreversible, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant-selective inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, avitinib covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of mutant forms of EGFR, including the drug-resistant T790M EGFR mutant, which prevents signaling mediated by mutant forms of EGFR. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-mutated tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in a variety of cancers, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. As this agent is selective towards mutant forms of EGFR, its toxicity profile may be reduced when compared to non-selective EGFR inhibitors, which also inhibit wild-type EGFR.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AC0010 Maleate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC0010MA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avitinib Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053687"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765931"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765931"}]}}{"C120309":{"preferredName":"Axicabtagene Ciloleucel","code":"C120309","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTL) that have been transduced with a gammaretoviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) coupled to the costimulatory signaling domain CD28 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex (CD3 zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous infusion and re-introduction of axicabtagene ciloleucel into the patient, these cells bind to and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen that is expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. CD3 zeta is one of several membrane-bound polypeptides found in the TCR/CD3 complex; it regulates both the assembly and cell surface expression of TCR complexes. CD28 is essential for CD4+ T-cell proliferation, interleukin-2 production, and T-helper type-2 (Th2) development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXICABTAGENE CILOLEUCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Axicabtagene Ciloleucel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Axicabtagene Ciloleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTE C19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTE-C19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTE-C19 CAR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yescarta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896829"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U2I8T43Y7R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768723"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768723"}]}}{"C38718":{"preferredName":"Axitinib","code":"C38718","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors and protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Axitinib inhibits the proangiogenic cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF), thereby exerting an anti-angiogenic effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG-013736","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AG-013736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG013736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AXITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Axitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Axitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inlyta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-methyl-2-((3-((1E)-2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethenyl)-1H-indazol-6-yl)sulfanyl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"axitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1700874"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"319460-85-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C9LVQ0YUXG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352181"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352181"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H18N4OS"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AG-013736"}]}}{"C153122":{"preferredName":"Axl/Mer Inhibitor INCB081776","code":"C153122","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) Axl (UFO) and Mer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, INCB081776 targets and binds to both Axl and Mer, and prevents their activity. This blocks Axl- and Mer-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits proliferation and migration of Axl- and Mer-overexpressing tumor cells. Axl and Mer, both members of the TAM (Tyro3, Axl and Mer) family of RTKs, are overexpressed by many tumor cell types. They play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis, and their expression is associated with enhanced immunosuppression, drug resistance and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Axl/Mer Inhibitor INCB081776","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Axl/Mer Inhibitor INCB081776","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 081776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 81776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-081776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-81776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB081776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB81776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554380"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793938"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793938"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Axl/Mer Inhibitor INCB081776"}]}}{"C288":{"preferredName":"Azacitidine","code":"C288","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat myelodysplastic syndromes and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyrimidine nucleoside analogue of cytidine with antineoplastic activity. Azacitidine is incorporated into DNA, where it reversibly inhibits DNA methyltransferase, thereby blocking DNA methylation. Hypomethylation of DNA by azacitidine may activate tumor suppressor genes silenced by hypermethylation, resulting in an antitumor effect. This agent is also incorporated into RNA, thereby disrupting normal RNA function and impairing tRNA cytosine-5-methyltransferase activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Amino-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5 AZC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-AC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-AC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-AZC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Aza-cytidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Azacytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Azacytidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZACITIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Azacitidine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Azacitidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azacytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azacytidine, 5-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ladakamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mylosar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Mylosar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-18496","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vidaza","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Vidaza","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"azacitidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"102816"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004475"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"320-67-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M801H13NRU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39153"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H12N4O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Azacitidine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2038"}]}}{"C1007":{"preferredName":"Azapicyl","code":"C1007","definitions":[{"description":"A hydrazine compound that has been investigated for antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Acetyl-2-picolinoylhydrazine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-acetyl-2-picolinoylhydrazine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-acetylhydrazide-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azapicyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Azapicyl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-2292","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"68626"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052754"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"17433-31-7"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39154"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39154"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Azapicyl"}]}}{"C1008":{"preferredName":"Azaribine","code":"C1008","definitions":[{"description":"The triacetate salt of azauridine, a synthetic triazine nucleoside derivative possessing antineoplastic and anti-psoriatic activity. After metabolism to 6-azauridine-5-prime monophosphate, 6-Azauridine inhibits de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis and its 5-prime triphosphate metabolite gets incorporated into RNA, thereby preventing RNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,4-Triazine-3,5(2H,4H)-dione, 2-Beta-D-ribofuranosyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2',3',4'-azauridine triacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-(2,3,5-Tri-O-acetyl-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-as-triazine-3,5(2H,4H)-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Azauridine Triacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Azauridine triacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"AZARIBINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Azaribine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azauridine Triacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azauridine triacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CB 304","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SKI 28426","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triacetyl 6-azauridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triacetyl 6-azuridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triacetyl-6-azuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triazure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triazure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"67239"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052757"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2169-64-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K1U80DO9EB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39155"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39155"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H17N3O9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Azauridine_Triacetate"}]}}{"C289":{"preferredName":"Azaserine","code":"C289","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally occurring serine derivative diazo compound with antineoplastic properties, Azaserine functions as a purine antagonist and glutamine analogue (glutamine amidotransferase inhibitor) that competitively inhibits pathways in which glutamine is metabolized. An antibiotic and antitumor agent, Azaserine is used in clinical studies as a potential antineoplastic agent. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZASERINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AZASERINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"AZS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azaserine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL-337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CN 15757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CN-15757","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cl 337","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Diazoacetate (Ester) L-Serine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diazoacetate(ester) L-serine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Diazoacetic Acid Ester with Serine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diazoacetylserine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Azaserine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Azaserine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Diazoacetate(ester) serine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-diazoacetate (ester) serine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-serine diazoacetate (ester)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"O-diazoacetyl-L-serine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-165","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"P-165","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serine Diazoacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"o-Diazoacetyl-L-serine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"742"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004480"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"115-02-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"87299V3Q9W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39156"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39156"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H7N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Azaserine"}]}}{"C290":{"preferredName":"Azathioprine","code":"C290","definitions":[{"description":"A purine analogue with cytotoxic and immunosuppressive activity. Azathioprine is a prodrug that is converted by hepatic xanthine oxidase to its active metabolite 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP). 6-MP is further metabolized by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) into 6-thioguanosine-5'-phosphate (6-thio-GMP) and 6-thioinosine monophosphate (6-thio-IMP), both inhibit nucleotide conversions and de novo purine synthesis. This leads to inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. As a result, cell proliferation may be inhibited, particularly in lymphocytes and leukocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-[(1-Methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-yl)thio]-1H-purine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"6-[(1-Methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-yl)thio]-1H-purine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZATHIOPRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AZTP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azathioprine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azathioprine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"39084"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004482"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"446-86-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MRK240IY2L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H7N7O2S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Azathioprine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2948"}]}}{"C1347":{"preferredName":"Azimexon","code":"C1347","definitions":[{"description":"Azimexon (2-cyanaziridinyl-2-carbamoyl-aziridinyl-1-propane) is a derivative of 2-cyanaziridine. Immunostimulant which shows therapeutic effects in tumor models and experimental infections in vitro, enhancing T lymphocyte transformation and phagocytosis. The mode of action of azimexon is unknown. It has been suggested that azimexon may alkylate DNA. In cancer patients it increases leukocytosis, blood active T rosettes, T4/T8 ratio, and is used as an adjuvant to chemotherapy in the treatment of melanoma and myeloma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Aziridinecarboxamide, 1-[1-(2-cyano-1-aziridinyl)-1-methylethyl]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Cyanaziridinyl-2-carbamoyl-aziridinyl-1-propane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZIMEXON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Azimexon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azimexone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BM 12.531","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BM12531","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0104835"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"64118-86-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4NJ842U6BZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39159"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39159"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H14N4O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Azimexon"}]}}{"C29404":{"preferredName":"Aziridinylbenzoquinone RH1","code":"C29404","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, synthetic aziridinylbenzoquinone with potential antineoplastic activity. Bioactivation of aziridinylbenzoquinone RH1 occurs through the two-electron reduction of the quinone to the hydroquinone by the two-electron quinone reductase DT-diaphorase (DTD). The resultant hydroquinone selectively alkylates and cross-links DNA at the 5'-GNC-3' sequence, inihibiting DNA replication, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. DTD is over-expressed in many tumors relative to normal tissue, including lung, colon, breast and liver tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,5-Diaziridinyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aziridinylbenzoquinone RH1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RH1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"697726"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0764431"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580840"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580840"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"RH1"}]}}{"C28803":{"preferredName":"Azotomycin","code":"C28803","definitions":[{"description":"An antineoplastic-antibiotic diazo analog of L-glutamine isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces ambofaciens. Azotomycin inhibits glutamine-dependent enzymes involved in purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A 10270B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZOTOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Azotomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diazomycin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duazomycin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Norleucine, 6-diazo-N-(6-diazo-N-L-gamma-glutamyl-5-oxo-L-norleucyl)-5-oxo- (8CI 9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"56654"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052821"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7644-67-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6TQY580E8M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H23N7O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Azotomycin"}]}}{"C85480":{"preferredName":"Azurin:50-77 Cell Penetrating Peptide p28","code":"C85480","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, amphipathic, 28 amino acid (amino acids 50-77), 2.9 kD fragment peptide (p28) derived from the protein azurin with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Although the mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated, the preferential cellular uptake of azurin-derived cell-penetrating peptide p28 by tumor cells and endothelial cells is likely via caveolae-mediated endocytosis; the C-terminal 18 amino acid residues (50-67) appear to be responsible for this preferential uptake. After cell entry, the first 12 amino acid residues interact with tumor suppressor p53 and form a p28:p53 complex, which may result in a reduction of proteasomal degradation of p53, increased p53 levels, and p53-mediated cell cycle inhibition and apoptosis. Azurin is a cupredoxin secreted by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) are cationic and/or amphipathic peptides, typically less than 30 amino acids in length, that can penetrate cell membranes easily and may transport molecular cargo.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZURIN-P28","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Azurin-Derived Cell Penetrating Peptide p28","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azurin:50-77 CPP p28","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azurin:50-77 Cell Penetrating Peptide p28","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Azurin:50-77 Cell Penetrating Peptide p28","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412365"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H4QZU9L323"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647827"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647827"}]}}{"C61311":{"preferredName":"B-Raf/VEGFR-2 Inhibitor RAF265","code":"C61311","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of melanoma. CHIR-265 may block the growth of tumors and the growth of blood vessels from surrounding tissue to the tumor. It is a type of Raf kinase inhibitor and angiogenesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. CHIR-265 binds and inhibits Raf kinases, which may result in a reduction of tumor cell growth and proliferation, and tumor cell death. In addition, this agent inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR-2), thereby disrupting tumor angiogenesis. Raf kinases are critical enzymes in the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and are frequently upregulated in neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Raf/VEGFR-2 Inhibitor RAF265","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B-Raf/VEGFR-2 Inhibitor RAF265","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHIR-265","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CHIR-265","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAF-265","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAF265","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831810"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"484456"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"484456"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CHIR-265"}]}}{"C107685":{"preferredName":"BC-819 Plasmid/Polyethylenimine Complex","code":"C107685","definitions":[{"description":"A plasmid DNA encoding for the A fragment of Diphtheria Toxin (DTA) under the control of the H19 gene promoter (BC-819 or DTA-H19) and mixed with the transfectant polyethylenimine (PEI), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the PEI moiety enhances the entry of the agent into rapidly dividing cells. Upon cell entry, activation of the H19 gene promoter-containing plasmids and DTA expression are limited to tumor cells, as high levels of H19 expression are only found in tumor cells. DTA disrupts protein synthesis. Tumor-cell selective expression of this toxin leads to the selective destruction of the tumor while sparing healthy, normal cells. H19, an oncofetal, regulatory RNA, is overexpressed in certain cancer cells while its expression in normal cells is minimal or absent; it plays a key role in cancer progression, angiogenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BC-819 Plasmid/Polyethylenimine Complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BC-819/PEI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTA-H19/PEI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL451873"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751613"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751613"}]}}{"C83496":{"preferredName":"BCG Solution","code":"C83496","definitions":[{"description":"A form of biological therapy for superficial (not invasive) bladder cancer. The solution is made from a weakened form of the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis (bacillus Calmette-Guerin) that does not cause disease but stimulates the body's immune system. A catheter is used to place the BCG solution into the bladder where it is held for about two hours.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A solution containing an attenuated, live culture preparation of the Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) strain of Mycobacterium bovis with potential immunostimulating activity. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, upon intravesical administration, attenuated, live BCG bacteria in the solution come into direct contact with the bladder wall, inciting an antitumor granulomatous inflammatory reaction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCG Solution","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCG Solution","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BCG Solution","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCG solution","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette Guerin Solution","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Solution","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TICE BCG Solution","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388460"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632465"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632465"}]}}{"C126694":{"preferredName":"BCG Tokyo-172 Strain Solution","code":"C126694","definitions":[{"description":"A solution containing an attenuated, live culture preparation of the bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) strain of Mycobacterium bovis obtained from the Pasteur Institute in 1924, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, upon intravesical instillation through a catheter, the attenuated, live BCG bacteria in the BCG Tokyo-172 strain solution come into direct contact with the bladder wall and elicits a local, multifaceted immune response against the BCG antigens, which kills the bladder cancer cells. Previous vaccination with a systemic BCG vaccine may enhance the immune system's response against the BCG antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN SUBSTRAIN TOKYO 172-1 LIVE ANTIGEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BCG Tokyo-172 Strain Solution","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCG Tokyo-172 Strain Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Tokyo-172 Strain Solution","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunobladder","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL508158"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"267H8I71ZT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788251"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788251"}]}}{"C298":{"preferredName":"BCG Vaccine","code":"C298","definitions":[{"description":"A tuberculosis vaccine containing bacillus Calmette-Guérin, a live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis. There are many different strains of BCG vaccine, all of which were originally derived from one strain, but which now have very different properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A weakened form of the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis (bacillus Calmette-Guerin) that does not cause disease. BCG is used in a solution to stimulate the immune system in the treatment of bladder cancer and as a vaccine to prevent tuberculosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A vaccine containing bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, with non-specific immunoadjuvant and immunotherapeutic activities. Although the mechanism of its anti-tumor activity is unclear, immunization with BCG vaccine likely activates a Th1 cytokine response that includes the induction of interferon. Vaccination with BCG vaccine may be immunoprotective against infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BCG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCG (Pasteur)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCG TICE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BCG Tice","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCG Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BCG Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCG Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Bacille Calmette-Guerin Live","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bacillius Calmette-Guerin Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette Guerin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette Guerin Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cultivo BCG","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ImmuCyst","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imovax BCG","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Live Intravesical BCG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monovax","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium bovis (Strain BCG)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncotice","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pacis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pastimmun","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TICE BCG","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"116341"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"614389"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"116328"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004886"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Immunoadjuvant in Vaccine Therapy"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Bladder cancer; Tuberculosis, immunization"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43028"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43028"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BCG_Vaccine"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccine"}]}}{"C156052":{"preferredName":"BCMA x CD3 T-cell Engaging Antibody CC-93269","code":"C156052","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), and one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-BCMA/CD3 T-cell engaging antibody CC-93269, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA found on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated death of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA x CD3 T Cell Engaging Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA x CD3 T-cell Engaging Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BCMA x CD3 T-cell Engaging Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA/CD3 T-cell Bi-specific Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMAxCD3 BiTE Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMAxCD3 TCB CC-93269","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bi-specific Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 93269","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-93269","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EM901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562897"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795389"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795389"}]}}{"C165549":{"preferredName":"BCR-ABL/KIT/AKT/ERK Inhibitor HQP1351","code":"C165549","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of a variety of kinases, including the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase, the mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit (c-Kit), the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B), and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, HQP1351 targets, binds to and inhibits the kinase activities of Bcr-Abl, AKT, c-Kit and ERK. This inhibits their mediated signaling pathways and inhibits proliferation of tumor cells in which these kinases are overexpressed and/or mutated. Bcr-Abl, c-Kit, AKT and ERK play key roles in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCR-ABL/KIT/AKT/ERK Inhibitor HQP1351","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HQP 1351","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HQP-1351","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HQP1351","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor HQP1351","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799639"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799639"}]}}{"C126805":{"preferredName":"BET Bromodomain Inhibitor ZEN-3694","code":"C126805","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BET inhibitor ZEN-3694 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of proliferation in BET-overexpressing tumor cells. BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Bromodomain Inhibitor ZEN-3694","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Bromodomain Inhibitor ZEN-3694","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BETi ZEN-3694","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZEN 3694","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZEN-3694","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZEN003694","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507898"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780442"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780442"}]}}{"C148415":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor ABBV-744","code":"C148415","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BET inhibitor ABBV-744 preferentially binds to the second bromodomain (BD2) of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of proliferation in BET-overexpressing tumor cells. BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that contain two homologous bromodomains, the BD1 and BD2 domains. They play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 744","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-744","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV744","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BD2-selective BET Inhibitor ABBV-744","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor ABBV-744","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor ABBV-744","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550999"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794664"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794664"}]}}{"C121213":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor BAY1238097","code":"C121213","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the Bromodomain (BRD) and Extra-Terminal domain (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor BAY1238097 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the BRD of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between BET proteins and histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and prevents the expression of certain growth-promoting genes. This leads to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. BET proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT) are transcriptional regulators that bind to acetylated lysines on the tails of histones H3 and H4, and regulate chromatin structure and function; they play an important role in the modulation of gene expression during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 1238097","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1238097","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor BAY1238097","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor BAY1238097","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053666"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769590"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769590"}]}}{"C121849":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor BMS-986158","code":"C121849","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the Bromodomain (BRD) and Extra-Terminal domain (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor BMS-986158 binds to the acetyl-lysine binding site in the BRD of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and prevents the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, resulting in an inhibition of tumor cell growth. BET proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT) are transcriptional regulators that bind to acetylated lysines on the tails of histones H3 and H4, and regulate chromatin structure and function; they play an important role in the modulation of gene expression during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor BMS-986158","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor BMS-986158","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053659"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771520"}]}}{"C151951":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor CC-90010","code":"C151951","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BET inhibitor CC-90010 preferentially binds to the second bromodomain (BD2) of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of proliferation in BET-overexpressing tumor cells. BET proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT) are transcriptional regulators that contain two homologous bromodomains, the BD1 and BD2 domains. They play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor CC-90010","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor CC-90010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 90010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-90010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC90010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553179"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793170"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793170"}]}}{"C111901":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor CPI-0610","code":"C111901","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor CPI-0610 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histone peptides. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of two bromodomains at the N-terminus, the BET proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT) are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor CPI-0610","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor CPI-0610","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI-0610","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI-0610 ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454233"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U4017GUQ06"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753680"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753680"}]}}{"C123733":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor FT-1101","code":"C123733","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor FT-1101 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomain sites of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to the inhibition of tumor cell growth. BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor FT-1101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor FT-1101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT-1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053643"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775905"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775905"}]}}{"C126640":{"preferredName":"Alobresib","code":"C126640","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, alobresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of proliferation in BET-overexpressing tumor cells. BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2-Cyclopropyl-6-(3,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl)-1hbenzimidazol-4-yl)(dipyridin-2-yl)methanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALOBRESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alobresib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alobresib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS 5829","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-5829","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS5829","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL505073"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1637771-14-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3QBL0BLP3D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770347"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770347"}]}}{"C125391":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor GSK2820151","code":"C125391","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BET inhibitor GSK2820151 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor GSK2820151","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor GSK2820151","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK 2820151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2820151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504160"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778693"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778693"}]}}{"C121948":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor INCB054329","code":"C121948","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of bromodomain-containing proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor INCB054329 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of bromodomain at the N-terminus, BET proteins, BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor INCB054329","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor INCB054329","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB054329","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053634"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771984"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771984"}]}}{"C128622":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor INCB057643","code":"C128622","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the Bromodomain (BRD) and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of BRD-containing proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor INCB057643 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs found in the BRD of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated lysines on histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, such as c-Myc-dependent target genes, may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. BET proteins are transcriptional regulators that are overexpressed in certain tumor cells and play an important role in cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor INCB057643","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor INCB057643","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 057643","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB057643","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507893"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C112500":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor RO6870810","code":"C112500","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the BET (Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal) family of bromodomain-containing proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor RO6870810 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs found in the bromodomain of BET proteins, which prevents the interaction between BET proteins and acetylated histones. This interaction disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of bromodomains at the N-terminus, BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during cellular development and growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor RO6870810","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor RO6870810","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal Protein Inhibitor RO6870810","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 6146","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6146","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-6870810","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RO6870810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEN 010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEN-010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454674"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TA3QN7788D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755021"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755021"}]}}{"C160257":{"preferredName":"BET inhibitor BI 894999","code":"C160257","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BET inhibitor BI 894999 binds to bromodomain-containing proteins 2, 3, and 4 (BRD2, BRD3, and BRD4) as well as bromodomain testis-specific protein (BRDT), thereby preventing the interaction between BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and suppresses the expression of certain oncogenes, including Myc and other transcriptional regulators. Preventing the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of bromodomains at the N-terminus, BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during cellular development and growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET inhibitor BI 894999","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET inhibitor BI 894999","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 894999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-894999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI894999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C148138":{"preferredName":"BET-bromodomain Inhibitor ODM-207","code":"C148138","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BET inhibitor ODM-207 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression of oncogenic drivers that are important for cell proliferation and survival. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of proliferation in BET-overexpressing tumor cells. BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that bind to acetylated lysine residues in histones and play an important role during development and cellular growth. In tumor cells, BET proteins play a key role in the regulation of oncogene transcription and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor ODM-207","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BET-bromodomain Inhibitor ODM-207","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bromodomain and Extraterminal Domain Protein Inhibitor ODM-207","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM 207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM-207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550806"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792467"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792467"}]}}{"C131905":{"preferredName":"BF-200 Gel Formulation","code":"C131905","definitions":[{"description":"A topical nanoemulsion-based gel formulation containing 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a metabolic precursor of the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX, with a potential application for enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) for various precancerous and malignant skin lesions. After topical administration of a thick layer of the ALA-based BF-200 gel formulation to the affected area, ALA penetrates the skin and is intracellularly converted to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Exposure of PpIX to the proper excitation wavelength of light generates singlet oxygen molecules, resulting in a local cytotoxic effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BF-200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BF-200 ALA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BF-200 Gel Formulation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3490787"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786308"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786308"}]}}{"C114384":{"preferredName":"BH3 Mimetic ABT-737","code":"C114384","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective small molecule B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) Homology 3 (BH3) mimetic, with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. ABT-737 binds to the hydrophobic groove of multiple members of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein family, including Bcl-2, Bcl-xl and Bcl-w. This inhibits the activity of these pro-survival proteins and restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells, via activation of Bak/Bax-mediated apoptosis. The pro-survival Bcl-2 proteins are overexpressed in many cancers and play important roles in the regulation of apoptosis. Their expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival. ABT-737 does not inhibit the pro-survival proteins Mcl-1, Bcl-B, Bfl-1 (A1); therefore, tumors that overexpress these Bcl-2 family proteins are resistant to ABT-737.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-737","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ABT-737","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BH3 Mimetic ABT-737","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, 4-(4-((4'-Chloro(1,1'-biphenyl)-2-yl)methyl)-1-piperazinyl)-n-((4-(((1r)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-((phenylthio)methyl)propyl)amino)-3-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1570187"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z5NFR173NV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758552"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758552"}]}}{"C1842":{"preferredName":"BL22 Immunotoxin","code":"C1842","definitions":[{"description":"A bacterial toxic substance linked to an antibody that attaches to cancer cells and kills them. It belongs to the family of drugs called bacterial immunotoxins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant immunotoxin consisting of the Fv portion of the anti-CD22 antibody RFB4 fused to a fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin-A with potential antineoplastic activity. BL22 immunotoxin binds to CD22, an antigen expressed in B-cell malignancies, thereby delivering its toxin directly to tumor cells. The toxin moiety induces caspase-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage; it also blocks translational elongation via binding to elongation factor-2 in eukaryotic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD22 Recombinant Immunotoxin BL22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL22 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL22 Immunotoxin [RFB4(dsFv)-PE38]","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL22 immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CAT 3888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAT-3888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAT3888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin BL22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RFB4(dsFv)-PE38 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"691237"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796473"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43322"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43322"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BL22_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C121645":{"preferredName":"BMI1 Inhibitor PTC596","code":"C121645","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active inhibitor of the polycomb ring finger oncogene BMI1 (B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BMI1 inhibitor PTC596 targets BMI1 expressed by both tumor cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs), and induces hyper-phosphorylation of BMI1 leading to its degradation. This inhibits BMI1-mediated signal transduction pathways and results in a reduction of proliferation of BMI1-expressing tumor cells. BMI1, a key protein in the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1), is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types, and plays a key role in CSC survival, proliferation and resistance to chemotherapeutics; its expression is associated with increased tumor aggressiveness and a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMI1 Inhibitor PTC596","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BMI1 Inhibitor PTC596","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTC596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polycomb Ring Finger Oncogene Inhibitor PTC596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053603"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770799"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770799"}]}}{"C1843":{"preferredName":"BMS-184476","code":"C1843","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 7-methylthiomethyl ether derivative of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. BMS-184476 binds to and stabilizes the resulting microtubules, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell- cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-O-[(Methylthio)methyl]paclitaxel","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-184476","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BMS-184476","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-184476","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta-(Benzoylamino)-a-hydroxybenzenepropanoic Acid (aR,bS)-(2aR,4S,4aS,6R,9S,11S,12S,12aR,12bS)-6,12b-Bis(acetyloxy)-12-(benzoyloxy)-2a,3,4,4a,5,6,9,10,11,12,12a,12b-dodecahydro-11-hydroxy-4a,8,13,13-tetramethyl-4-[(methylthio)methoxy]-5-oxo-7,11-methano-1H","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta-(Benzoylamino)-alpha-hydroxybenzenepropanoic Acid (aR,bS)-(2aR,4S,4aS,6R,9S,11S,12S,12aR,12bS)-6,12b-Bis(acetyloxy)-12-(benzoyloxy)-2a,3,4,4a,5,6,9,10,11,12,12a,12b-dodecahydro-11-hydroxy-4a,8,13,13-tetramethyl-4-[(methylthio)methoxy]-5-oxo-7,11-methano-1H","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796479"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"160237-25-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43331"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43331"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BMS-184476"}]}}{"C1859":{"preferredName":"BMS-188797","code":"C1859","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called taxane analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An analog of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. BMS-188797 binds to and stabilizes the resulting microtubules, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell- cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-188797","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"BMS-188797","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BMS-188797","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-188797","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879485"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"427896-23-9"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37942"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37942"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BMS-188797"}]}}{"C1856":{"preferredName":"BMS-214662","code":"C1856","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called farnesyltransferase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nonsedating benzodiazepine derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Farnesyltransferase inhibitor BMS-214662 inhibits the enzyme farnesyltransferase and the post-translational farnesylation of number of proteins involved in signal transduction, which may result in the inhibition of Ras function and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. This agent may reverse the malignant phenotype of H-Ras-transformed cells and has been shown to be active against tumor cells with and without Ras mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-Cyano-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-(1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)-3-(phenylmethyl)-4-(2-thienylsulfonyl)-1H-1,4-Benzodiazepine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-214662","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BMS-214662","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BMS-214662","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-214662","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BMS-214662","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FTI BMS 214662","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"710086"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1306120"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"195987-41-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L2U9GFD244"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37852"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37852"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BMS214662"}]}}{"C62639":{"preferredName":"BMS-275183","code":"C62639","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, C-4 methyl carbonate analog of paclitaxel with potential antineoplastic activity. Like paclitaxel, BMS-275183 binds to tubulin and stabilizes microtubules, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and an induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-275183","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1098058"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415311"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415311"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BMS-275183"}]}}{"C107387":{"preferredName":"BP-Cx1-Platinum Complex BP-C1","code":"C107387","definitions":[{"description":"A combination agent composed of the benzo-poly-carbonic-acid polymer BP-Cx1 chelated to platinum with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intramuscular injection, the polymer moiety of BP-Cx1-Platinum Complex BP-C1 (BP-C1) alters the permeability of the cell membranes, which allows for increased penetration of platinum into tumor cells. In turn, platinum binds to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA and induces intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links. These cross-links result in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. In addition, the BP-Cx1 ligand is able to stimulate the innate immune system and upregulates a variety of cytokines including interferon, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and various interleukins (ILs) such as IL-6 and IL-25. In comparison to cisplatin and other platinum-based compounds, treatment with BP-C1 allows for less platinum administration, which reduces platinum-associated systemic toxicity and side effects, and enhances the safety profile while maintaining or improving its efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BP-C1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP-Cx1-Platinum Complex BP-C1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL449598"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751002"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751002"}]}}{"C1617":{"preferredName":"BR96-Doxorubicin Immunoconjugate","code":"C1617","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate composed of the chimeric monoclonal antibody BR96 chemically linked to the cytotoxic drug doxorubicin. The antibody moiety of BMS-182248-1 binds to Lewis Y, a cell surface antigen expressed on many solid tumor types. Thus, the doxorubicin conjugate is targeted specifically to Lewis Y-expressing tumor cells, where it intercalates with DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair, RNA synthesis and protein synthesis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-182248-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BR96-DOX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BR96-DOX immunoconjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BR96-Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BR96-Doxorubicin Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BR96-Doxorubicin Immunoconjugate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-15","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cBR96-Doxorubicin Immunoconjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0295525"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38477"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BR96-Doxorubicin_Immunoconjugate"}]}}{"C155322":{"preferredName":"BRAF Inhibitor","code":"C155322","definitions":[{"description":"Any agent that inhibits the serine/threonine-protein kinase BRAF(B-RAF).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-RAF Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRAF Inhibitor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BRAF Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556869"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C94224":{"preferredName":"BRAF Inhibitor ARQ 736","code":"C94224","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, highly soluble phosphate prodrug of B-raf (BRAF) protein kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. BRAF inhibitor ARQ 736 is converted into its active form ARQ 680 in the presence of phosphatases. In turn, ARQ 680 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of oncogenic B-raf, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells expressing mutated B-raf gene. B-raf belongs to the raf/mil family of serine/threonine protein kinases and plays a role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERKs signaling pathway, which may be constitutively activated due to BRAF gene mutations. The valine to glutamic acid substitution at residue 600 (V600E) accounts for about 90% of BRAF gene mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AQ 736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ-736","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BRAF Inhibitor ARQ 736","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BRAF Inhibitor ARQ 736","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433988"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y2H4S74Y8U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688029"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688029"}]}}{"C113330":{"preferredName":"BRAF Inhibitor PLX8394","code":"C113330","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) protein with potential antineoplastic activity. BRAF inhibitor PLX8394 appears to selectively bind to and inhibit the activity of both wild-type and mutated forms of BRAF, which may subsequently inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells which express mutated forms of BRAF. This inhibitor appears to be effective against tumors that express multiple mutated forms of the kinase and may be an effective therapeutic agent for tumors that are resistant to other BRAF inhibitor therapies that are specific for the BRAF V600E mutant. BRAF, a member of the raf family of serine/threonine protein kinases, plays a role in the regulation of MAP kinase/ERK signaling pathways, which may be constitutively activated due to BRAF gene mutations. Mutated forms of BRAF are associated with a number of neoplastic diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAF Inhibitor PLX8394","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX8394","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827086"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756043"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756043"}]}}{"C92591":{"preferredName":"BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor RO5212054","code":"C92591","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small-molecule inhibitor of mutant (V600E) v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) with potential antineoplastic activity. BRAF(V600E) kinase inhibitor RO5212054 selectively binds to the ATP-binding site of BRAF(V600E) kinase and inhibits its activity, which may result in an inhibition of an over-activated MAPK signaling pathway downstream in BRAF(V600E) kinase-expressing tumor cells and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. The valine to glutamic acid substitution at residue 600 accounts for about 90% of BRAF gene mutations; the oncogenic product, BRAF(V600E) kinase, exhibits a markedly elevated activity that over-activates the MAPK signaling pathway. The BRAF(V600E) mutation has been found to occur in approximately 60% of melanomas, and in about 8% of all solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Raf Inhibitor RO5212054","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor RO5212054","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX3603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5212054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421616"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680347"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680347"}]}}{"C124995":{"preferredName":"BRAF/EGFR Inhibitor BGB-283","code":"C124995","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Lifirafenib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of BRAF and certain BRAF mutant forms, and EGFR. This prevents BRAF- and EGFR-mediated signaling and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells that either contain a mutated BRAF gene or express over-activated EGFR. In addition, BGB-283 inhibits mutant forms of the Ras proteins K-RAS and N-RAS. BRAF and EGFR are mutated or upregulated in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BGB 283","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-283","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRAF/EGFR Inhibitor BGB-283","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Begeine-283","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIFIRAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503841"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1446090-79-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8762XZS5ZF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777271"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777271"}]}}{"C134967":{"preferredName":"BRAFV600/PI3K Inhibitor ASN003","code":"C134967","definitions":[{"description":"A selective inhibitor of mutated forms of B-RAF kinase at amino acid position 600 (BRAFV600), including BRAFV600E, the alpha, delta and, to a lesser extent, beta isoforms of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), including mutated forms of PI3KCA, which encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K, and the phosphatase and tensin homologs (PTEN) with loss-of-function mutation, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ASN003, this agent selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of BRAFV600 mutants as well as mutated isoforms of PI3K. This inhibits signaling through B-RAF- and PI3K/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)-mediated pathways and inhibits cellular proliferation in tumor cells with BRAFV600 mutations, those expressing PI3K and/or those driven by PTEN. Dysregulation of the B-RAF- and PI3K-mediated pathways is frequently seen in a variety of tumors and results in increased tumor cell growth and survival. Dual targeting of both pathways may increase efficacy and anti-tumor potential compared to the targeting of just one pathway by a selective B-RAF inhibitor or selective PI3K pathway inhibitor alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASN 003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASN-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASN003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRAFV600/PI3K Inhibitor ASN003","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BRAFV600/PI3K Inhibitor ASN003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522477"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789080"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789080"}]}}{"C146825":{"preferredName":"BRD4 Inhibitor PLX2853","code":"C146825","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BRD4 inhibitor PLX2853 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of the BRD4 protein, thereby preventing the binding of BRD4 to acetylated lysines on histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and dyregulates gene expression. This may lead to the downregulation of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, which may induce apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of BRD4-overexpressing tumor cells. BRD4, a member of the human bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, is a transcriptional regulator that is overexpressed in certain tumor cells and plays an important role in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRD4 Inhibitor PLX2853","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BRD4 Inhibitor PLX2853","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX 2853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX-2853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX2853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544855"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792077"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792077"}]}}{"C125739":{"preferredName":"BRD4 Inhibitor PLX51107","code":"C125739","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BRD4 inhibitor PLX51107 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of the BRD4 protein, thereby preventing the binding of BRD4 to acetylated lysines on histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an induction of apoptosis and an inhibition of proliferation in BRD4-overexpressing tumor cells. BRD4, a member of the human bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, is a transcriptional regulator that is overexpressed in certain tumor cells and plays an important role in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRD4 Inhibitor PLX51107","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BRD4 Inhibitor PLX51107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX 51107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX-51107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX51107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504394"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779000"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779000"}]}}{"C138066":{"preferredName":"BTK Inhibitor ARQ 531","code":"C138066","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available reversible inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ARQ 531 non-covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of both the wild-type and the C481S mutated form of BTK, a resistance mutation in the BTK active site in which cysteine is substituted for serine at residue 481. This prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. Compared to other BTK inhibitors, ARQ 531 does not require interaction with the BTK C481 site and inhibits the proliferation of cells harboring the BTK C481S mutation. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed or mutated in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARQ 531","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ-531","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ531","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor ARQ 531","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor ARQ 531","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ARQ 531","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525087"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790667"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790667"}]}}{"C138164":{"preferredName":"BTK Inhibitor CT-1530","code":"C138164","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CT-1530 binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK. This prevents both the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed or mutated in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor CT-1530","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT 1530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-1530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT1530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525731"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790538"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790538"}]}}{"C130001":{"preferredName":"BTK Inhibitor DTRMWXHS-12","code":"C130001","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DTRMWXHS-12 inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor DTRMWXHS-12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor DTRMWXHS-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTRMWXHS 12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTRMWXHS-12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513821"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784823"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784823"}]}}{"C156173":{"preferredName":"BTK Inhibitor ICP-022","code":"C156173","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BTK inhibitor ICP-022 binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK. This prevents both the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways, inhibiting the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed or mutated in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor ICP-022","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICP 022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICP-022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICP022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563002"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795368"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795368"}]}}{"C158617":{"preferredName":"BTK Inhibitor LOXO-305","code":"C158617","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, selective, non-covalent Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BTK inhibitor LOXO-305 selectively and reversibly binds to BTK. This prevents both the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways, thereby inhibiting the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. Reversible binding of LOXO-305 may preserve antitumor activity in the presence of certain acquired resistance mutations, including C481 mutated BTK, and limit toxicity associated with inhibition of other non-BTK kinases. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed or mutated in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor LOXO-305","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor LOXO-305","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO 305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO-305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797383"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797383"}]}}{"C129710":{"preferredName":"BTK Inhibitor M7583","code":"C129710","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, M7583 targets and covalently binds to BTK, thereby preventing its activity. This leads to an inhibition of B cell receptor (BCR) signaling and inhibits cell proliferation of B-cell malignancies. BTK, a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase and member of the Tec family of kinases, plays an important role in B lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor M7583","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor M7583","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M7583","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512935"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784381"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784381"}]}}{"C162479":{"preferredName":"BTK inhibitor TG-1701","code":"C162479","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available irreversible inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BTK inhibitor TG-1701 covalently binds to and irreversibly inhibits BTK activity, thereby preventing the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This may inhibit the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed or mutated in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTK inhibitor TG-1701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBI 1459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBI-1459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBI1459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 1459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-1459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR1459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG 1701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-1701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG1701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798666"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798666"}]}}{"C131491":{"preferredName":"BXQ-350 Nanovesicle Formulation","code":"C131491","definitions":[{"description":"A stable, nanovesicle formulation composed of a synthetic form of the human glycoprotein saposin C (SapC) linked to the phospholipid dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the BXQ-350 nanovesicle formulation selectively targets and preferentially accumulates in tumor vessels and cells, due to the leaky nature of tumor vasculature and the presence of phosphatidylserine (PS) lipids in tumor cell membranes. Upon binding to the phospholipids in the tumor cell membrane, SapC fuses with the membrane and is internalized leading to its accumulation within the internal membrane. SapC becomes active in the acidic tumor microenvironment and as a lysosomal sphingolipid activator protein, activates lysosomal enzymes, such as beta-glucosidase, acid sphingomyelinase, and beta-galactosylceramidase. This leads to the degradation of glucosylceramide and sphingomyelin, and the conversion of galactosylceramide to ceramide, respectively. This elevates intracellular ceramide levels, activates caspases and induces ceramide-mediated apoptosis, which together lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. SapC plays key roles in lipid transport and organization of biological membranes and has strong lipid membrane binding activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BXQ-350","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BXQ-350 Nanovesicle Formulation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BXQ-350 Nanovesicle Formulation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SapC-DOPS Nanovesicles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Saposin C-Dioleoylphosphatidylserine Complexes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Saposin C-Dioleoylphosphatidylserine Nanovesicles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514261"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785725"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785725"}]}}{"C155974":{"preferredName":"Babaodan Capsule","code":"C155974","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available mixed powder of traditional Chinese medicine containing eight constituents including natural calculus bovis, snake gall, antelope horn, pearl, musk, radix notoginseng, and other as of yet not disclosed ingredients, with potential antifibrotic, immunomodulatory, and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, babaodan may ameliorate substance-induced liver injury and fibrosis, and inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and proliferation through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B and TLR4/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways. Babaodan may, through an as of yet not elucidated mechanism, enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs and may inhibit the occurrence and development of certain tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BBD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Babao Dan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Babaodan Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562711"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795030"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795030"}]}}{"C77694":{"preferredName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Substrain Connaught Live Antigen","code":"C77694","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN SUBSTRAIN CONNAUGHT LIVE ANTIGEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Live Antigen, B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Substrain Connaught Live Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immucyst","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium bovis BCG Substrain Connaught","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TheraCys","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0255289"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5H5854UBMZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bacillus_Calmette-Guerin_Live_Antigen_B"}]}}{"C28850":{"preferredName":"Bactobolin","code":"C28850","definitions":[{"description":"A 3-dichloromethylactinobolin antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from various Pseudomonas bacterial species. BN-183 induces apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway. This agent also has immunomodulatory properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Bactobolin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Amino-N-[3-(dichloromethyl)-3,4,4a,5,6,7- hexahydro-5,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-1H-2- benzopyran-4-yl], Propanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibiotic BN 183B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BN 183B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bactobolin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 12278","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"325014"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052913"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bactobolin"}]}}{"C62516":{"preferredName":"Bafetinib","code":"C62516","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active 2-phenylaminopyrimidine derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. INNO-406 specifically binds to and inhibits the Bcr/Abl fusion protein tyrosine kinase, an abnormal enzyme produced by Philadelphia chromosomal translocation associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Furthermore, this agent also inhibits the Src-family member Lyn tyrosine kinase, upregulated in imatinib-resistant CML cells and in a variety of solid cancer cell types. The inhibitory effect of INNO-406 on these specific tyrosine kinases decreases cellular proliferation and induces apoptosis. A high percentage of CML patients are refractory to imatinib, which sometimes results from point mutations occurring in the kinase domain of the Bcr/Abl fusion product. Due to its dual inhibitory activity, INNO-406 has been shown to overcome this particular drug resistance and to be a potent and effective agent in the treatment of imatinib-resistant CML.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAFETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bafetinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bafetinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, N-[3-([4,5'-bipyrimidin]-2-ylamino)-4-methylphenyl]-4-[[(3S)-3- (dimethylamino)-1-pyrrolidinyl]methyl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS-9","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual Bcr-Abl/Lyn Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor INNO-406","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INNO-406","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NS-187","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2607225"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"859212-16-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NVW4Z03I9B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500041"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500041"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H31F3N8O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"INNO-406"}]}}{"C91094":{"preferredName":"Balixafortide","code":"C91094","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) with receptor binding and hematopoietic stem cell-mobilization activities. Balixafortide binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation. This may induce the mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from the bone marrow into blood. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) gene family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types; CXCL12/CXCR4 interaction induces retention of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ala-cys-ser-ala-pro-arg-tyr-cys-tyr-gln-lys-pro-pro-tyr-his Cyclic (2->9)-disulfide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BALIXAFORTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Balixafortide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Balixafortide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"POL6326","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421480"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1051366-32-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PRC974M49B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672350"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672350"}]}}{"C129374":{"preferredName":"Baltaleucel-T","code":"C129374","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), which have specific reactivity to the EBV antigens, latent membrane proteins (LMP) 1 (LMP1) and 2 (LMP2), EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA) and BamHI-A rightward frame-1 (BARF1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, baltaleucel-T targets and binds to EBV-expressing cancer cells specifically expressing the targeted antigens. This may kill LMP1/LMP2/EBNA/BARF1-expressing EBV-associated cancer cells. LMP1, LMP2, EBNA and BARF1 are tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are specifically associated with EBV infection, and play key roles in the proliferation of a variety of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BALTALEUCEL-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Baltaleucel T","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Baltaleucel-T","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Baltaleucel-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMD-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein Barr Virus-specific LMP1/LMP2/EBNABARF1-targeting Autologous Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512344"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F9670LP52I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783439"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783439"}]}}{"C79528":{"preferredName":"Banoxantrone","code":"C79528","definitions":[{"description":"A bioreductive, alkylaminoanthraquinone prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Under hypoxic conditions, often seen in solid tumors, banoxantrone (AQ4N) is converted and activated by cytochrome P450 enzymes, which are upregulated in certain tumors, to the cytotoxic DNA-binding agent AQ4. Banoxantrone intercalates into and crosslinks DNA, and inhibits topoisomerase II. This results in an inhibition of DNA replication and repair in tumor cells. Combined with conventional therapeutic agents, both oxygenic and hypoxic regions of tumors can be targeted.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9,10-Anthracenedione, 1,4-bis((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)amino)-5,8-dihydroxy-, N,N'-dioxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AQ 4N","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aq4N","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BANOXANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Banoxantrone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Banoxantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0299316"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"136470-65-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W5H7E45YT3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"393464"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"393464"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H28N4O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Banoxantrone"}]}}{"C62502":{"preferredName":"Barasertib","code":"C62502","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, dihydrogen phosphate prodrug of the pyrazoloquinazoline Aurora kinase inhibitor AZD1152-hydroxyquinazoline pyrazol anilide (AZD1152-HQPA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration and rapid conversion from the prodrug form in plasma, AZD1152-HQPA specifically binds to and inhibits Aurora kinase B, which results in the disruption of spindle checkpoint functions and chromosome alignment and, so, the disruption of chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. Consequently, cell division and cell proliferation are inhibited and apoptosis is induced in Aurora kinase B-overexpressing tumor cells. Aurora kinase B, a serine/threonine protein kinase that functions in the attachment of the mitotic spindle to the centromere, is overexpressed in a wide variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1h-pyrazole-3-acetamide, 5-((7-(3-(ethyl(2-(phosphonooxy)ethyl)amino)propoxy)-4-quinazolinyl)amino)-n-(3-fluorophenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-1152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD1152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD2811","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor AZD1152","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BARASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Barasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Barasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831923"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"722543-31-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"16XC2U7W8N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496937"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496937"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H31FN7O6P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AZD1152"}]}}{"C48382":{"preferredName":"Bardoxolone","code":"C48382","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. CDDO may block enzymes involved in inflammation and cancer growth. It is a type of antineoplastic plant product.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic triterpenoid compound with potential antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. Bardoxolone blocks the synthesis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2), two enzymes involved in inflammation and carcinogenesis. This agent also inhibits the interleukin-1 (IL-1)-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory proteins matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and the expression of Bcl-3; Bcl-3 is an IL-1-responsive gene that preferentially contributes to MMP-1 gene expression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"BARDOXOLONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bardoxolone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDDO","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CDDO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid, 2-cyano-3,12-dioxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTA 401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"711193"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0762434"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"218600-44-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7HT68L8941"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453589"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453589"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H41NO4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CDDO"}]}}{"C98250":{"preferredName":"Bardoxolone Methyl","code":"C98250","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-methyl 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic Acid Methyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BARDOXOLONE METHYL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bardoxolone Methyl","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bardoxolone Methyl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDDO Methyl Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDDO-Me","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTA 402","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"713200"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1100924"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"218600-53-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CEG1Q6OGU1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H43NO4"}]}}{"C127012":{"preferredName":"Baricitinib","code":"C127012","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus kinases 1 and 2 (JAK1/2), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, baricitinib binds to JAK1/2, which inhibits JAK1/2 activation and leads to the inhibition of the JAK-signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway. This decreases the production of inflammatory cytokines and may prevent an inflammatory response. In addition, baricitinib may induce apoptosis and reduce proliferation of JAK1/2-expressing tumor cells. JAK kinases are intracellular enzymes involved in cytokine signaling, inflammation, immune function and hematopoiesis; they are also upregulated and/or mutated in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Azetidineacetonitrile, 1-(Ethylsulfonyl)-3-(4-(7H-pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BARICITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Baricitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Baricitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 028050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB028050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3009104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3009104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4044947"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1187594-09-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ISP4442I3Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781527"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781527"}]}}{"C72716":{"preferredName":"Batabulin","code":"C72716","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors. It inhibits the growth of cancer cells by preventing cell division.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic pentafluorophenylsulfonamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Batabulin covalently binds to beta tubulin, resulting in a disruption of microtubule polymerization, collapse of the cytoskeleton, cell cycle arrest, and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Fluoro-1-methoxy-4-pentafluorophenylsulfonamidobenzene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BATABULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Batabulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T138067","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0767920"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"195533-53-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T4NP8G3K6Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H7F6NO3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Batabulin"}]}}{"C1835":{"preferredName":"Batabulin Sodium","code":"C1835","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt form of batabulin, a synthetic pentafluorophenylsulfonamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Batabulin covalently binds to and selectively modifies the beta 1, beta 2, beta 3, and beta 4 isotypes of beta tubulin at a conserved cysteine residue, resulting in disruption of microtubule polymerization, collapse of the cytoskeleton, an increase in chromosomal ploidy, cell cycle arrest, and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Fluoro-1-methoxy-4-(pentafluorophenyl-sulfonamido)benzene, Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BATABULIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Batabulin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T138067 Sodium","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0767921"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"195533-98-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G04B77F772"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43107"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43107"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H6F6NO3S.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"T138067"}]}}{"C1529":{"preferredName":"Batimastat","code":"C1529","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors. Batimastat is a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic hydroxamate with potential antineoplastic activity. Batimastat binds covalently to the zinc ion in the active site of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby inhibiting the action of MMPs, inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2R,3S)-N{4}-Hydroxy-N{1}-[(1S)-2-(methylamino)-2-oxo-1-(phenylmethyl)ethyl]-2-(2-methylpropyl)-3-[(2-thienylthio)methyl]butanediamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(2R,3S)-N{4}-Hydroxy-N{1}-[(1S)-2-(methylamino)-2-oxo-1-(phenylmethyl)ethyl]-2-(2-methylpropyl)-3-[(2-thienylthio)methyl]butanediamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BATIMASTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BB-94","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB94","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Batimastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanediamide, N4-hydroxy-N1-(2-(methylamino)-2-oxo-1-(phenylmethyl)ethyl)-2-(2-methylpropyl)-3-((2-thienylthio)methyl)-, (2R-(1(S*),2R*,3S*))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[4-(N-Hydroxyamino)-2R-isobutyl-3S-(2-thienylthiomethyl)-succinyl]-L-phenylalanine-N-methylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[4-(N-Hydroxyamino)-2R-isobutyl-3S-(thiophen-2-ylthiomethyl)-succinyl]-L-phenylalanine-N-methylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"batimastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0215791"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"130370-60-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BK349F52C9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H31N3O4S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Batimastat"}]}}{"C49088":{"preferredName":"Bavituximab","code":"C49088","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric, IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against anionic phospholipids with potential antineoplastic activity. Bavituximab binds to anionic phospholipids in a beta 2-glycoprotein I-dependent manner, inhibiting tumor growth by stimulating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) to tumor vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAVITUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bavituximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bavituximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chimeric Anti-Phosphotidylserine Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tarvacin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707382"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"648904-28-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q16CT95N25"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"450954"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"450954"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Chimeric_Anti-Phosphotidylserine_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C73598":{"preferredName":"Bazedoxifene","code":"C73598","definitions":[{"description":"An indole derivative and third-generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bazedoxifene specifically binds to estrogen receptors in responsive tissues, including liver, bone, breast, and endometrium. The resulting ligand-receptor complex is translocated to the nucleus where, depending on the tissue type, it either promotes or suppresses the transcription of estrogen-regulated genes. Bazedoxifene acts as an estrogen antagonist in uterine and breast tissue, thereby blocking the proliferative effects of estrogen-binding to ER-positive cells in these tissues. Bazedoxifene functions as an estrogen agonist in lipid metabolism, thereby decreasing total and LDL cholesterol levels. In bone, it decreases bone resorption and bone turnover and increases bone mineral density.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Indol-5-ol, 1-((4-(2-(hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)ethoxy)phenyl)methyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAZEDOXIFENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bazedoxifene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bazedoxifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSE-424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WAY 140424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346970"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"198481-32-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q16TT9C5BK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772911"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772911"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H34N2O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bazedoxifene"}]}}{"C156249":{"preferredName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor APG 2575","code":"C156249","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable and selective inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor APG 2575 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APG 2575","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG-2575","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG2575","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor APG 2575","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor APG 2575","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562961"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795558"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795558"}]}}{"C125603":{"preferredName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor BCL201","code":"C125603","definitions":[{"description":"A selective inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor BCL201 binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 protein is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCL-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor BCL201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor BCL201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-55746","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S55746","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Servier 1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Servier-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504308"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778922"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778922"}]}}{"C158510":{"preferredName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor S65487","code":"C158510","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor S65487 binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2, thereby restoring apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 protein is overexpressed in many cancer types and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor S65487","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S 65487","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-65487","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S65487","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938051"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797175"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797175"}]}}{"C28860":{"preferredName":"Bcl-Xs Adenovirus Vaccine","code":"C28860","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine consisting of replication-defective recombinant adenovirus that encodes for Bcl-Xs with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with Bcl-Xs adenovirus vaccine induces apoptosis in Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL positive cancer cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth while leaving normal cells unaffected. Bcl-Xs block the function of the protooncogenes Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL which are overexpressed in a variety of solid tumors and promote cancer cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bcl-Xs Adenovirus Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"689513"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511078"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bcl-Xs_Adenovirus_Vaccine"}]}}{"C132173":{"preferredName":"Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor K0706","code":"C132173","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitor K0706 selectively targets and binds to the Bcr-Abl fusion oncoprotein, including various Bcr-Abl mutant forms, such as those with the 'gatekeeper' resistance mutation T315I. This inhibits proliferation of Bcr-Abl-expressing tumor cells. The Bcr-Abl fusion protein is an aberrantly activated tyrosine kinase produced by certain leukemia cells. T315I, an amino acid substitution where threonine (T) has been mutated to isoleucine (I) at position 315 in the tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 portion of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, plays a key role in resistance to certain chemotherapeutic agents and its expression is associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase/Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ENMD-2076","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor K0706","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor K0706","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"K0706","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SUN K706","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SUN-K0706","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SUN-K706","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520597"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787015"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787015"}]}}{"C130033":{"preferredName":"Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor PF-114","code":"C130033","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome resistance of tumor cells to second generation Bcr-Abl inhibitors, PF-114 targets and binds to the Bcr-Abl fusion oncoprotein, including those fusion proteins with the 'gatekeeper' resistance mutation T315I, an amino acid substitution at position 315 in Bcr-Abl from a threonine (T) to an isoleucine (I). This inhibits Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation of, and enhances apoptosis in, Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) hematologic malignancies. The Bcr-Abl fusion protein is an aberrantly activated tyrosine kinase produced by leukemia cells that contain the Philadelphia chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bcr-Abl Inhibitor PF-114","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor PF-114","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4043268"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784962"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784962"}]}}{"C1011":{"preferredName":"Beauvericin","code":"C1011","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclic hexadepsipeptide antibiotic and mycotoxin isolated from the fungus Beauveria bassiana and various Fusarium fungal species. As a potassium-specific ionophore, beauvericin A increases intracellular calcium concentrations and triggers DNA fragmentation and apoptosis through a calcium dependent caspase 3-sensitive pathway. This agent has been studied as a potential antineoplastic agent. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Beauvericin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053065"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"26048-05-5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Beauvericin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3000"}]}}{"C1620":{"preferredName":"Becatecarin","code":"C1620","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called antitumor antibiotics and topoisomerase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic diethylaminoethyl analogue of the indolocarbazole glycoside antineoplastic antibiotic rebeccamycin. Becatecarin intercalates into DNA and stabilizes the DNA-topoisomerase I complex, thereby interfering with the topoisomerase I-catalyzed DNA breakage-reunion reaction and initiating DNA cleavage and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,11-Dichloro-6-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-12,13-dihydro-12-(4-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-5H-indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazole-5,7(6H)-dione","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"5H-Indolo(2,3-a)pyrrolo(3,4-c)carbazole-5,7(6H)-dione, 1,11-dichloro-6-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-12,13-dihydro-12-(4-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BECATECARIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BMS-181176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMY-27557-14","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Becatecarin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Becatecarin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEAE-Rebeccamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSC 655649","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Rebeccamycin Analogue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rebeccamycin Analogue, Tartrate Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rebeccamycin analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"XL119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rebeccamycin analog","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"655649"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0936065"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"119673-08-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A60X6MBU6G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42257"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42257"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H34Cl2N4O7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Rebeccamycin_Analogue"}]}}{"C73438":{"preferredName":"Belagenpumatucel-L","code":"C73438","definitions":[{"description":"A transforming growth factor beta2 (TGF-beta2) antisense gene-modified allogeneic tumor cell vaccine with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Belagenpumatucel-L is prepared by transfecting allogeneic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells with a plasmid containing a TGF-beta2 antisense transgene, expanding the cells, and then irradiating and freezing them. Upon administration, this agent may elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against host NSCLC cells, resulting in decreased tumor cell proliferation; vaccine immunogenicity may be potentiated by suppression of tumor TGF-beta2 production by antisense RNA expressed by the vaccine plasmid TGF-beta2 antisense transgene. Elevated levels of TGF-beta2 are frequently linked to immunosuppression in cancer patients and may be inversely correlated with prognosis in patients with NSCLC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Belagenpumatucel-L","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Belagenpumatucel-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lucanix","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1739687"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590662"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590662"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Belagenpumatucel-L"}]}}{"C91385":{"preferredName":"Belimumab","code":"C91385","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against B-Lymphocyte stimulator protein (BlyS or TNFSF13B) with potential immunomodulating activity. Belimumab specifically recognizes and inhibits the biological activity of BlyS, thereby preventing the binding of BlyS to B-lymphocytes. This inhibits the maturation of B-lymphocytes and may induce apoptosis in B-lymphocytes. In addition, it may decrease B-lymphocyte proliferation and/or survival. BlyS, a member of TNF family supporting B-lymphocyte maturation and survival, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and B-lymphocyte malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BELIMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Belimumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Belimumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benlysta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, anti-(Human Cytokine BAFF) (Human Monoclonal LymphoStat-B Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal LymphoStat-B lambda-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LymphoStat-B","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1723401"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"356547-88-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"73B0K5S26A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680522"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680522"}]}}{"C48812":{"preferredName":"Belinostat","code":"C48812","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Belinostat blocks enzymes needed for cell division and may kill cancer cells. It also prevents the growth of blood vessels needed for tumors to grow and may make tumor cells more sensitive to other anticancer drugs. It is a type of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, a type of angiogenesis inhibitor, and a type of chemosensitizer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A novel hydroxamic acid-type histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Belinostat targets HDAC enzymes, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, promoting cellular differentiation, and inhibiting angiogenesis. This agent may sensitize drug-resistant tumor cells to other antineoplastic agents, possibly through a mechanism involving the down-regulation of thymidylate synthase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BELINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Beleodaq","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Belinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Belinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PXD 101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"PXD 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PXD101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PXD101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"belinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"726630"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1948068"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"414864-00-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F4H96P17NZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"454583"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"454583"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H14N2O4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PXD101"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:61076"}]}}{"C66954":{"preferredName":"Belotecan Hydrochloride","code":"C66954","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of small cell lung cancer and other types of cancer. It blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of camptothecin analog and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the semi-synthetic camptothecin analogue belotecan with potential antitumor activity. Belotecan binds to and inhibits the activity of topoisomerase I, stabilizing the cleavable complex of topoisomerase I-DNA, which inhibits the religation of single-stranded DNA breaks generated by topoisomerase I; lethal double-stranded DNA breaks occur when the topoisomerase I-DNA complex is encountered by the DNA replication machinery, DNA replication is disrupted, and the tumor cell undergoes apoptosis. Topoisomerase I is an enzyme that mediates reversible single-strand breaks in DNA during DNA replication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BELOTECAN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Belotecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CKD602 HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"belotecan hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0762739"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"213819-48-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"01DZ4127G7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537355"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537355"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H27N3O4.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Belotecan_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C120040":{"preferredName":"Bemarituzumab","code":"C120040","definitions":[{"description":"A glycoengineered, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2b (FGFR2b), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bemarituzumab specifically binds to and inhibits FGFR2b on tumor cell surfaces, which prevents FGFR2 from binding to its ligands, FGFR2b activation and the activation of FGFR2b-mediated signal transduction pathways. The binding of FPA144 to FGFR2b protein also induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against FGFR2b-expressing tumor cells. This results in the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of cell death of FGFR2-expressing tumor cells. FGFR2b, a specific isoform of the receptor tyrosine kinase FGFR2 upregulated in many tumor cell types, is essential to tumor proliferation, differentiation and survival. Glycoengineering enhances the FPA144-mediated ADCC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BEMARITUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bemarituzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bemarituzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPA144","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896858"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1952272-74-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RJW23BQ0KW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767461"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767461"}]}}{"C121854":{"preferredName":"Bemcentinib","code":"C121854","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available and selective inhibitor of the AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (UFO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bemcentinib targets and binds to the intracellular catalytic kinase domain of AXL and prevents its activity. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways and inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which, in turn, inhibits tumor cell proliferation and migration. In addition, bemcentinib enhances chemo-sensitivity. AXL, a member of the TAM (TYRO3, AXL and MER) family of receptor tyrosine kinases overexpressed by many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis; its expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-1,2,4-Triazole-3,5-diamine, 1-(6,7-Dihydro-5H-benzo(6,7)cyclohepta(1,2-C)pyridazin-3-yl)-N3-((7S)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-7-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-5H-benzocyclohepten-2-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AXL Inhibitor BGB324","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEMCENTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BGB 324","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-324","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB324","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bemcentinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bemcentinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-428","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R428","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10631","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053663"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1037624-75-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0ICW2LX8AS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771720"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771720"}]}}{"C131019":{"preferredName":"Bempegaldesleukin","code":"C131019","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of the endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) conjugated to six releasable polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration of bempegaldesleukin, the IL-2 moiety binds to the IL-2 receptor beta subunit (IL2Rb; IL2Rbeta; CD122). The binding of IL-2 to IL2Rb activates IL2Rb-mediated signaling, which activates cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells, and induces expression of certain cytotoxic cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFNg) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGFb). The specific induction of T-cell-mediated cytotoxic immune responses against tumor cells primarily causes tumor cell destruction. IL2Rb plays a key role in the proliferation and activation of effector T-cells. PEG conjugation prevents IL-2 binding to the IL2Ralpha subunit (IL2Ra) because signaling through IL2Ra activates CD4-positive regulatory, immunosuppressive T-cells (Tregs), which would suppress tumor cell killing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aldesleukin Prodrug NKTR-214","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEMPEGALDESLEUKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bempegaldesleukin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bempegaldesleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKTR-214","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513468"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1939126-74-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BNO1JG5MZC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795600"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795600"}]}}{"C73231":{"preferredName":"Benaxibine","code":"C73231","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclophosphamide synergizer with antineoplastic, antidiabetic, antihypertensive and immunopotentiating activity. Benaxibine is active against integrin alph-4 precursor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Aminobenzoic acid-N-xyloside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BENAXIBINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Benaxibine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048028"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"27661-27-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6EEL176LGY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H15NO6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Benaxibine"}]}}{"C61565":{"preferredName":"Bendamustine Hydrochloride","code":"C61565","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). It is also used to treat slow-growing B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that has gotten worse within 6 months of treatment with other anticancer drugs.It is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Bendamustine hydrochloride may damage the DNA in cancer cells and cause them to die. It is a type of alkylating agent and a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of bendamustine, a bifunctional mechlorethamine derivative with alkylator and antimetabolite activities. Bendamustine possesses three active moieties: an alkylating group; a benzimidazole ring, which may act as a purine analogue; and a butyric acid side chain. Although its exact mechanism of action is unknown this agent appears to act primarily as an alkylator. Bendamustine metabolites alkylate and crosslink macromolecules, resulting in DNA, RNA and protein synthesis inhibition, and, subsequently, apoptosis. Bendamustine may differ from other alkylators in that it may be more potent in activating p53-dependent stress pathways and inducing apoptosis; it may induce mitotic catastrophe; and it may activate a base excision DNA repair pathway rather than an alkyltransferase DNA repair mechanism. Accordingly, this agent may be more efficacious and less susceptible to drug resistance than other alkylators.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Benzimidazolinebutryric acid, 1-methyl-5-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-, hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BENDAMUSTINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bendamustin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bendamustine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bendamustine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bendeka","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytostasan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Levact","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribomustin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SyB L-0501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treanda","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Treanda","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bendamustine hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"138783"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0772139"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3543-75-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"chronic lymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"981Y8SX18M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350251"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350251"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H21Cl2N3O2.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bendamustine_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C124053":{"preferredName":"Bendamustine-containing Nanoparticle-based Formulation RXDX-107","code":"C124053","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation containing the alkyl ester of bendamustine, a bifunctional mechlorethamine derivative, encapsulated in human serum albumin (HSA), with potential alkylating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the alkyl ester bendamustine-containing nanoparticle formulation RXDX-107, the nanoparticle formulation permits high concentrations of the alkyl ester of bendamustine be localized at the tumor site. The modified bendamustine alkylates and crosslinks macromolecules, resulting in DNA, RNA and protein synthesis inhibition, and, subsequently, apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bendamustine-containing Nanoparticle-based Formulation RXDX-107","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bendamustine-containing Nanoparticle-based Formulation RXDX-107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-40125","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX 107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX-107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498407"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776266"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776266"}]}}{"C107164":{"preferredName":"Benzaldehyde Dimethane Sulfonate","code":"C107164","definitions":[{"description":"A dimethane sulfonate derivative and alkylating agent with a structure similar to other alkylating agents such as chlorambucil, busulfan and melphalan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, benzaldehyde dimethane sulfonate alkylates DNA, which results in DNA double strand breaks, inhibition of DNA replication, cell cycle arrest and cell death. In addition, this agent is metabolized by the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) into the active carboxylic acid metabolite benzoic acid dimethane sulfonate (BA), which further contributes to its alkylating activity. Unlike other alkylating agents, benzaldehyde dimethane sulfonate has demonstrated antitumor activity in renal cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BEN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzaldehyde Dimethane Sulfonate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Benzaldehyde Dimethane Sulfonate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMS-612","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DMS612","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSC 281612","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3661349"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"96B0BRI1JU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750365"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750365"}]}}{"C2618":{"preferredName":"Benzoylphenylurea","code":"C2618","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of antitubulin agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A low molecular weight agent with antineoplastic activity. Benzoylphenylurea binds to the colchicine binding site on tubulin, thereby blocking tubulin polymerization and disrupting mitotic function. This agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, and has been shown to arrest leukemia cells in the G1-S transition phase of the cell cycle. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BPU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BPU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzoylphenylurea","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Benzoylphenylurea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"benzoylphenylurea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"639829"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935907"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38213"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38213"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Benzoylphenylurea"}]}}{"C87331":{"preferredName":"Berberine Chloride","code":"C87331","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable, hydrochloride salt form of berberine, a quaternary ammonium salt of an isoquinoline alkaloid and active component of various Chinese herbs, with potential antineoplastic, radiosensitizing, anti-inflammatory, anti-lipidemic and antidiabetic activities. Although the mechanisms of action through which berberine exerts its effects are not yet fully elucidated, upon administration this agent appears to suppress the activation of various proteins and/or modulate the expression of a variety of genes involved in tumorigenesis and inflammation, including, but not limited to transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xl), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), C-X-C motif chemokine 2 (CXCL2), cyclin D1, activator protein (AP-1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT), and DNA topoisomerase I and II. The modulation of gene expression may induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. In addition, berberine modulates lipid and glucose metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,6-Dihydro-9,10-Dimethoxybenzo(G)-1,3-Benzodioxolo(5,6-A)Quinolizinium Chloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BERBERINE CHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Berberine Chloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Berberine Chloride Dihydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Berberine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Berberinum Chloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0873019"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"633-65-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UOT4O1BYV8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764359"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764359"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H18NO4.Cl"}]}}{"C95708":{"preferredName":"Bermekimab","code":"C95708","definitions":[{"description":"A \"true human\" (cloned from human B lymphocytes) monoclonal antibody directed against interleukin-1 alpha (IL1a) with potential antineoplastic activity. Bermekimab binds to IL1a and may block the activity of IL1a. IL1a, an inflammatory mediator, plays a key role in interleukin-mediated tumor cell activity such as angiogenesis, tissue matrix remodeling, metastasis and tumor cell invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BERMEKIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bermekimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bermekimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA-18C3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV 18C3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV-18C3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MABp1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RA 18C3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RA-18C3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428173"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1401965-15-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N6SVN735GY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691526"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691526"}]}}{"C61568":{"preferredName":"Berubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C61568","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of adult brain tumors. RTA 744 crosses the blood-brain barrier and blocks an enzyme needed for cancer growth. It is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the anthracycline derivative berubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Berubicin intercalates into DNA and interrupts topoisomerase II activity, resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication and repair, and RNA and protein synthesis. Unlike other anthracycline derivatives, this agent crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S,10S)-10-((3-amino-4-O-benzyl-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)- 6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrotetracene-5,12-dione Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BERUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Berubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Berubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTA 744","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RTA 744","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WP744","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"topoisomerase II inhibitor RTA 744","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL364772"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"293736-67-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7BA3X03948"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"491929"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"491929"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H35NO11.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"RTA_744"}]}}{"C2605":{"preferredName":"Beta Alethine","code":"C2605","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to a family of chemicals called disulfides.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disulfide agent that stimulates T and B-cell functions and exhibits anti-tumor and immunostimulant activity. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALETHINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alethine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Alethine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta Alethine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-alanyl-cysteamine Disulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BetaLT","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Betathine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N'-(Dithiodiethylene)bis(3-aminopropionamide)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta alethine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0290021"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"646-08-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LY583605Y8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38126"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38126"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Beta_Alethine"}]}}{"C1016":{"preferredName":"Beta-Carotene","code":"C1016","definitions":[{"description":"A substance found in yellow and orange fruits and vegetables and in dark green, leafy vegetables. The body can make vitamin A from beta carotene. Beta carotene is being studied in the prevention of some types of cancer. It is a type of antioxidant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Carotenoid consisting of a cyclic structure on each end with additional double bonds at the number 5 and 5' carbon atoms of the cyclic structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A naturally-occurring retinol (vitamin A) precursor obtained from certain fruits and vegetables with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. As an anti-oxidant, beta carotene inhibits free-radical damage to DNA. This agent also induces cell differentiation and apoptosis of some tumor cell types, particularly in early stages of tumorigenesis, and enhances immune system activity by stimulating the release of natural killer cells, lymphocytes, and monocytes. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":".beta.-Carotene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-1,18-bis(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)-octadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"BETA CAROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Beta Carotene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-Carotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-carotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Beta-carotene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAROTENE, BETA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lumitene","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solatene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Solatene","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta carotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"beta-Carotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"62794"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053396"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7235-40-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Dietary supplement; prevention of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria; polymorphous light eruption; chemoprevention for cardiovascular disease and cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"01YAE03M7J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40992"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40992"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C40H56"},{"name":"INFOODS","value":"CARTB"},{"name":"USDA_ID","value":"321"},{"name":"Unit","value":"mcg"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Beta_Carotene"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17579"}]}}{"C2678":{"preferredName":"Beta-Glucan","code":"C2678","definitions":[{"description":"A substance found in bacteria, plants, and certain foods, such as baker's yeast, cereal grains, and mushrooms. It is a type of polysaccharide that is made of a string of glucose (sugar) molecules joined together. Beta-glucan may stimulate the immune system and help kill cancer cells. It is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of biological response modifier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A polysaccharide isolated from the cell walls of bacteria, plants, and fungi with immunostimulant and antineoplastic activities. In a solubilized form, beta-glucan binds to a lectin site within complement receptor 3 (CR3) on leukocytes, priming the receptor to trigger cytotoxic degranulation of leukocytes when leukocyte CR3 binds to complement 3 (iC3b)-coated tumors. Thus, the attachment of beta-glucan to CR3 of circulating leukocytes simulates leukocytes to kill iC3b-coated tumor cells in the same way as they kill iC3b-coated yeast. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Beta-Glucan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Beta-Glucan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta-glucan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134651"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38642"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38642"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Beta-Glucan"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28793"}]}}{"C82657":{"preferredName":"Beta-Glucan MM-10-001","code":"C82657","definitions":[{"description":"A powder formulation containing a triple helix beta-glucan, isolated from the cell walls of the shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes), with potential immunostimulating activity. The beta-glucan in beta-glucan MM-10-001 binds to a lectin site within the complement receptor 3 (CR3 or iC3b receptor) on leukocytes, priming the receptor to trigger cytotoxic degranulation of leukocytes when leukocyte CR3 binds to iC3b-opsonized tumor cells. iC3b is the proteolyticly inactive product of the complement cleavage fragment C3b.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Beta-Glucan MM-10-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Beta-Glucan MM-10-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-10-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388490"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636186"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636186"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Beta-Glucan_MM-10-001"}]}}{"C1350":{"preferredName":"Beta-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside","code":"C1350","definitions":[{"description":"A thiopurine nucleoside derivative with antineoplastic activity. After conversion to the triphosphate, beta-thioguanine deoxyriboside is incorporated into DNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication. This agent is cytotoxic against leukemia cell lines and has demonstrated some activity against leukemia cells in vivo. Beta-thioguanine deoxyriboside demonstrates antineoplastic activity against 6-thioguanine-resistant tumor cells. 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Although the exact mechanism of action through which beta-elemene exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to induce apoptosis through different mechanisms of action and induces cell cycle arrest at different stages based on the tumor cell type involved. Beta-elemene may sensitize cancer cells to other chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,2S,4R)-2,4-diisopropenyl-1-methyl-1-vinylcyclohexane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(1alpha,2beta,4beta)-1-Methyl-2,4-bis(methylvinyl)-1- vinylcyclohexane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-elemene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1101268"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740161"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740161"}]}}{"C99146":{"preferredName":"Beta-lapachone Prodrug ARQ 761","code":"C99146","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, soluble prodrug of beta-lapachone, a poorly soluble, ortho-naphthoquinone with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activity. ARQ 761 is converted to beta-lapachone (b-lap) in vivo. When b-lap is activated by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) this agent creates a futile oxidoreduction, generating highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) that results in DNA damage. The activation of b-lap also causes hyperactivation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), an enzyme that facilitates DNA repair, accompanied by rapid depletion of NAD+/ATP nucleotide levels. As a result, a caspase-independent and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced mu-calpain-mediated cell death occurs in NQO1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, b-lap induces expression of the checkpoints activator E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) and thereby activates the E2F1-mediated checkpoint pathway that directly triggers apoptosis. As ARQ 761 is soluble and requires less solvent, this formulation may cause less hemolytic anemia associated with administration of the synthetic b-lap ARQ 501.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARQ 761","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-lapachone Prodrug ARQ 761","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Beta-lapachone Prodrug ARQ 761","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432960"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715599"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715599"}]}}{"C38126":{"preferredName":"Betulinic Acid","code":"C38126","definitions":[{"description":"A pentacyclic lupane-type triterpene derivative of betulin (isolated from the bark of Betula alba, the common white birch) with antiinflammatory, anti-HIV and antineoplastic activities. Betulinic acid induces apoptosis through induction of changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, production of reactive oxygen species, and opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, resulting in the release of mitochondrial apogenic factors, activation of caspases, and DNA fragmentation. Although originally thought to exhibit specific cytotoxicity against melanoma cells, this agent has been found to be cytotoxic against non-melanoma tumor cell types including neuroectodermal and brain tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3beta)-3-Hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALS-357","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BETULINIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Betulinic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Betulinic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Betulinic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mairin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"113090"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053530"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"472-15-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4G6A18707N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496932"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496932"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H48O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Betulinic_Acid"}]}}{"C2039":{"preferredName":"Bevacizumab","code":"C2039","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat several types of cancer, including certain types of colorectal, lung, breast, and kidney cancers and glioblastoma. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Avastin binds to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent and a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic cytokine. Bevacizumab binds to VEGF and inhibits VEGF receptor binding, thereby preventing the growth and maintenance of tumor blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGF Humanized Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGF rhuMAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avastin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Avastin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEVACIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BP102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP102 Biosimilar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar BEVZ92","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar BI 695502","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar CBT 124","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar CT-P16","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar FKB238","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar HD204","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar HLX04","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar IBI305","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar LY01008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar MIL60","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar QL 1101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar RPH-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar SCT501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab awwb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HD204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1 (Human-Mouse Monoclonal rhuMab-VEGF Gamma-Chain Anti-Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor), Disulfide With Human-Mouse Monoclonal rhuMab-VEGF Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Humanized Anti-VEGF Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCT501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bevacizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rhuMab-VEGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"704865"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796392"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"216974-75-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Metastatic Colorectal Cancer, Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, glioblastoma; Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma; persistent, recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer; epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2S9ZZM9Q9V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43234"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43234"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bevacizumab"}]}}{"C1635":{"preferredName":"Bexarotene","code":"C1635","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat skin problems caused by cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that have not gotten better after other treatment. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Bexarotene is a type of retinoid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic retinoic acid agent with potential antineoplastic, chemopreventive, teratogenic and embryotoxic properties. Bexarotene selectively binds to and activates retinoid X receptors (RXRs), thereby inducing changes in gene expression that lead to cell differentiation, decreased cell proliferation, apoptosis of some cancer cell types, and tumor regression. 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Upon administration, VAL-083 crosses the blood brain barrier (BBB) and appears to be selective for tumor cells. This agent alkylates and crosslinks DNA which ultimately leads to a reduction in cancer cell proliferation. In addition, VAL-083 does not show cross-resistance to other conventional chemotherapeutic agents and has a long half-life in the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bi-functional Alkylating Agent VAL-083","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bi-functional Alkylating Agent VAL-083","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAL-083","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAL083","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"132313"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433054"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"718929"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"718929"}]}}{"C1599":{"preferredName":"Bicalutamide","code":"C1599","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antiandrogens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, nonsteroidal antiandrogen. Bicalutamide competitively binds to cytosolic androgen receptors in target tissues, thereby inhibiting the receptor binding of androgens. This agent does not bind to most mutated forms of androgen receptors. 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Bimiralisib inhibits the PI3K kinase isoforms alpha, beta, gamma and delta and, to a lesser extent, mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in cells overexpressing PI3K/mTOR. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. As mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K, this agent may potentially be more potent than an agent that inhibits either PI3K kinase or mTOR kinase. By inhibiting mTOR to a lesser extent than PI3K, PQR309 does not interfere with the mTOR-mediated negative feedback loop on PI3K signaling. Blocking the negative feedback loop would potentially increase PI3K signaling and decrease therapeutic efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyridinamine, 5-(4,6-Di-4-morpholinyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIMIRALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bimiralisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PQR-309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PQR309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454230"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1225037-39-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6Z3QHB00LB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753407"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753407"}]}}{"C589":{"preferredName":"Binetrakin","code":"C589","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant agent chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4). Produced primarily by activated T-cells, IL-4 binds to and activates its cell-surface receptor, stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of activated B-cells and enhancing their ability to present antigens to T-cells. As a potential immunotherapeutic agent, recombinant IL-4 also augments the effects of other cytokines on dendritic cells (DC), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Cell Proliferating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Growth Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Stimulatory Factor 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCSF 1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Binetrakin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IL-4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERLEUKIN 4 HUMAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interleukin 4 (Human) 129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Interleukin-4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCGF 2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Growth Factor-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RHIL-4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human IL-4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 93400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Growth Factor 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"620211"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"618085"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522540"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"207137-56-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"751635Z921"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39324"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39324"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interleukin-4"}]}}{"C84865":{"preferredName":"Binimetinib","code":"C84865","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 and 2 (MEK1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Binimetinib, noncompetitive with ATP, binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1/2. Inhibition of MEK1/2 prevents the activation of MEK1/2 dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling. This may eventually lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and an inhibition in production of various inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1, -6 and tumor necrosis factor. MEK1/2 are dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinases that play key roles in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and are often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARRY-162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY-438162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BINIMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Binimetinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Binimetinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mektovi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830125"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"in combination with encorafenib, for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma with a BRAF V600E or V600K mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"181R97MR71"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653635"}]}}{"C124229":{"preferredName":"Bintrafusp Alfa","code":"C124229","definitions":[{"description":"A bifunctional fusion protein composed of avelumab, an anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) human monoclonal antibody, bound to the soluble extracellular domain of human transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) receptor type II (TGFbetaRII), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint modulating activities. Upon administration, the TGFbetaRII moiety of bintrafusp alfa binds to and neutralizes TGFbeta while the avelumab moiety simultaneously binds to PD-L1. This prevents TGFbeta- and PD-L1-mediated signaling, and increases natural killer (NK) cell and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activities. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. TGFbeta and PD-L1 are both upregulated in certain types of cancers; their overexpression is associated with increased evasion of immune surveillance and contributes to poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/TGFbetaRII Fusion Protein M7824","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PDL1/TGFb Trap MSB0011359C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BINTRAFUSP ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bintrafusp Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M7824","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB0011359C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502609"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1918149-01-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8L9YQ2N6PA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795582"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795582"}]}}{"C103298":{"preferredName":"Birabresib","code":"C103298","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, small molecule inhibitor of the BET (Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal) family of bromodomain-containing proteins 2, 3 and 4 with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, birabresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histone peptides. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, including c-Myc-dependent target genes, may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of bromodomain at the N-terminus, the BET proteins BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 are transcriptional regulators that play an important role in cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6H-Thieno(3,2-f)(1,2,4)triazolo(4,3-a)(1,4)diazepine-6-acetamide, 4-(4-Chlorophenyl)-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-, (6S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIRABRESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BRD 2/3/4 Inhibitor OTX015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Birabresib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Birabresib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8628","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OTX015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641185"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"202590-98-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X40LKS49S3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742152"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742152"}]}}{"C88295":{"preferredName":"Birinapant","code":"C88295","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small molecule that is both a peptidomimetic of second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (SMAC) and inhibitor of IAP (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein) family proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. As a SMAC mimetic and IAP antagonist, birinapant selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of IAPs, such as X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and cellular IAPs 1 (cIAP1) and 2 (cIAP2), with a greater effect on cIAP1 than cIAP2. Since IAPs shield cancer cells from the apoptosis process, this agent may restore and promote the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways in cancer cells and inactivate the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB)-mediated survival pathway. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types. They are able to suppress apoptosis by binding to, via their baculoviral lAP repeat (BIR) domains, and inhibiting active caspases-3, -7 and -9. IAP overexpression promotes both cancer cell survival and chemotherapy resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIRINAPANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Birinapant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Birinapant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanamide, N,N'-[(6,6'-difluoro[2,2'-bi-1H-indole]-3,3'-diyl)bis[methylene[(2R,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,1-pyrrolidinediyl][(1S)-1-ethyl-2-oxo-2,1-ethanediyl]]]bis[2-(methylamino)-,(2S,2'S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL32711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3658709"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1260251-31-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6O4Z07B57R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657946"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657946"}]}}{"C62514":{"preferredName":"Bis(choline)tetrathiomolybdate","code":"C62514","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. ATN-224 also blocks enzymes that cells need to divide and grow, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent and a type of superoxide dismutase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active second generation tetrathiomolybdate analog with anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. ATN-224 selectively chelates the copper ion in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in endothelial cells, thereby depleting SOD1 of copper and inhibiting its activity. Inhibition of SOD1 interferes with the activation of several signal transduction pathways required for cellular proliferation and angiogenesis, including those mediated by ERK1/2 and FAK and Src kinases. This results in an inhibition of cell proliferation and angiogenesis as well as induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATN 224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATN-224","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ATN-224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bis(choline)tetrathiomolybdate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethanaminium, 2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-Trimethyl-, (T-4)-Tetrathioxomolybdate(2-) (2:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOD1 Inhibitor ATN-224","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOD1 inhibitor ATN-224","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"WTX-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"WTX-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WTX101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831930"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"649749-10-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FD57A79R4P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500040"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500040"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C5H14NO.MoS4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ATN-224"}]}}{"C1019":{"preferredName":"Bisantrene","code":"C1019","definitions":[{"description":"An anthracenyl bishydrazone with antineoplastic activity. Bisantrene intercalates with and disrupts the configuration of DNA, resulting in DNA single-strand breaks, DNA-protein crosslinking, and inhibition of DNA replication. This agent is similar to doxorubicin in activity, but unlike doxorubicin, does not exhibit cardiotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9,10-Anthracenedicarboxakdehyde Bis[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)hydrazone]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9,10-Anthracenedicarboxaldehyde Bis(2-imidazolin-2-yl)hydrazone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BISANTRENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bisantrene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"337766"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053776"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"78186-34-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"39C34M111K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H22N8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bisantrene"}]}}{"C77218":{"preferredName":"Bisantrene Hydrochloride","code":"C77218","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an anthracenyl bishydrazone with antineoplastic activity. Bisantrene intercalates with and disrupts the helical structure of DNA, resulting in DNA single-strand breaks, DNA-protein crosslinking, and inhibition of DNA replication. This agent is similar to doxorubicin in activity, but unlike doxorubicin, does not exhibit cardiotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9,10,Anthracenedicarboxaldehyde Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9,10-Anthracenedicarboxakdehyde Bis[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)hydrazone] Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9,10-Anthracenedicarboxaldehyde Bis(2-imidazolin-2-yl)hydrazone Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BISANTRENE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bisantrene Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bisantrene Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL 216942","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CL-216942","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orange Crush","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zantrene","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"337766"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0955176"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"71439-68-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"74GNV897RO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39136"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39136"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H22N8.2HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bisantrene_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C73611":{"preferredName":"Bisnafide","code":"C73611","definitions":[{"description":"A bis-naphthalimide compound with anticancer activity. Bisnafide selectively intercalates guanine-cytosine (GC) rich regions of DNA, thereby interfering with DNA replication machinery and activity of topoisomerase II. As a result, this agent causes potent cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BISNAFIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bisnafide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMP 840","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0250021"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"144849-63-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"62H4W26906"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H28N6O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bisnafide"}]}}{"C73307":{"preferredName":"Bisnafide Dimesylate","code":"C73307","definitions":[{"description":"The dimesylate salt form of bisnafide, a bis-naphthalimide compound with anticancer activity. Bisnafide selectively intercalates guanine-cytosine (GC) rich regions of DNA, thereby interfering with DNA replication machinery and activity of topoisomerase II. As a result, this agent causes potent cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BISNAFIDE DIMESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bisnafide Dimesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347031"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"145124-30-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J30IBO0LMA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H28N6O8.2CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bisnafide_Dimesylate"}]}}{"C2399":{"preferredName":"Bispecific Antibody 2B1","code":"C2399","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Specific for both the immunoglobulin G (IgG) receptor CD16 and c-erbB-2, bispecific antibody 2B1 may enhance cellular immune responses against c-erbB-2-positive cells, resulting in increased tumor cell lysis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2B1 Antibody, Bispecific","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2B1 Bispecific MAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2B1 Bispecific Murine MAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody 2B1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 2B1 Bispecific","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bsAb 2B1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"673928"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338223"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42286"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42286"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bispecific_Antibody_2B1"}]}}{"C1578":{"preferredName":"Bispecific Antibody MDX-H210","code":"C1578","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized bivalent antibody directed against both cytotoxic effector cells expressing Fc gamma receptor type I (Fc gammaRI, or CD64) and HER2/neu-overexpressing tumor cells with potential antineoplastic activity. Bispecific antibody MDX-H210 was constructed by chemically linking Fab' fragments of the anti-HER2/neu-specific monoclonal antibody 520C9 and the Fab' fragments of the anti-Fc gammaRI-specific monoclonal antibody H22. This agent selectively binds to both HER2/neu-expressing tumor cells and Fc gammaRI-expressing cytotoxic effector cells, which may trigger antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and cell lysis of HER2/neu-expressing tumor cells. While HER2/neu is overexpressed in a variety of epithelial malignancies, expression of Fc gammaRI is primarily found in cytotoxic immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and cytokine-activated polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"520C9x22 Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"520C9xH22 Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody, Bispecific 520C9xH22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody 520C9 x H22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody MDX-H210","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody MDXH210","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BsAb 520C9x22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BsAb 520C9xH22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-H210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281736"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42227"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42227"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bispecific_Antibody_520C9XH22"}]}}{"C2207":{"preferredName":"Bispecific Antibody MDX447","code":"C2207","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Specific for both the high-affinity immunoglobulin G (IgG) receptor CD64 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), bispecific antibody MDX447 may enhance cellular immune responses against EGFR positive cells, resulting in increased tumor cell lysis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody MDX447","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BsAb MDX447","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 82633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX 447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879492"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37952"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37952"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bispecific_Antibody_MDX447"}]}}{"C163996":{"preferredName":"Bisthianostat","code":"C163996","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pan-inhibitor of human histone deacetylase (HDAC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bisthianostat selectively binds to and inhibits HDACs, which inhibits deacetylation of histone proteins and leads to the accumulation of highly acetylated histones. This may result in an induction of chromatin remodeling, the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes. This prevents cell division, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This may inhibit the proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor cell types, are a family of enzymes that deacetylate histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bisthianostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CF367","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CFH367 C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CFH367-C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CFH367C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PY-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799197"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799197"}]}}{"C151943":{"preferredName":"Bivalent BRD4 Inhibitor AZD5153","code":"C151943","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable bivalent inhibitor of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BRD4 inhibitor AZD5153 selectively binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in two bromodomains in the BRD4 protein, thereby preventing the binding of BRD4 to acetylated lysines on histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and dysregulates expression of target genes, which leads to the downregulation of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, induces apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation of BRD4-overexpressing tumor cells. BRD4, a member of the human bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, is a transcriptional regulator that is overexpressed in certain tumor cells and plays an important role in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-4-(2-(4-(1-(3-Methoxy-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-6-yl)piperidin-4-yl)phenoxy)ethyl)-1,3-dimethylpiperazin-2-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD 5153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD5153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor AZD5153","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRD4/BET Bromodomain Antagonist AZD5153","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bivalent BET Bromodomain Inhibitor AZD5153","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bivalent BRD4 Inhibitor AZD5153","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bivalent BRD4 Inhibitor AZD5153","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553171"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1869912-39-9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793144"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793144"}]}}{"C1472":{"preferredName":"Bizelesin","code":"C1472","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents. It is also an antitumor antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic cyclopropylpyrroloindole antineoplastic antibiotic. Bizelesin binds to the minor groove of DNA and induces interstrand cross-linking of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis. Bizelesin also enhances p53 and p21 induction and triggers G2/M cell-cycle arrest, resulting in cell senescence without apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIZELESIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Benzo(1,2-b:4,3-b')dipyrrol-4-ol, 6,6'-(carbonylbis(imino-1H-indole-5,2-diylcarbonyl))bis(8-(chloromethyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-methyl-, (S-(R*,R*)))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzo[1,2-b:4,3-b']dipyrrol-4-ol, 6, 6'-[carbonylbis(imino- 1H-indole-5, 2-diylcarbonyl)]bis[8-(chloromethyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-methyl-, (S-(R*,R*))]","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bizelesin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bizelesin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-77779","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bizelesin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"615291"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0209891"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"129655-21-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L0O9OBI87E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42688"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42688"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C43H36Cl2N8O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bizelesin"}]}}{"C26647":{"preferredName":"Black Cohosh","code":"C26647","definitions":[{"description":"An eastern North American perennial herb. A substance obtained from the root of the plant has been used in some cultures to treat a number of medical problems. It is being studied in the treatment of hot flashes and other symptoms of menopause. The scientific name is Cimicifuga racemosa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A triterpene-containing herb isolated from the roots and rhizomes of the plant Cimicifuga racemosa (also known as Actaea racemosa). While the mechanism of action of black cohosh is not completely understood, it appears to act as a selective estrogen receptor modulator. In vitro, this preparation has been shown to induce cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis of estrogen-sensitive breast cancer cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Actaea racemosa Root","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLACK COHOSH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Black Cohosh","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cimicifuga racemosa Root","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cimicifugae racemosae Rhizoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fariy Candle Root","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Remifemin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"black cohosh","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"black snakeroot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"bugbane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"bugwort","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rattlesnake root","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771967"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K73E24S6X9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"302635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"302635"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Black_Cohosh"}]}}{"C122398":{"preferredName":"Black Raspberry Nectar","code":"C122398","definitions":[{"description":"A concentrated fruit juice containing black raspberries, with potential antioxidant, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic and chemopreventive activities. In addition to vitamins, minerals and phytosterols, black raspberries are rich in phenolic acids, such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, anthocyanidins, and flavonoids. Upon oral administration, the phytochemicals in the black raspberry nectar inhibit the activation of several signal transduction pathways involved in carcinogenesis and the expression of downstream target genes that are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types. In addition, the phytochemicals in black raspberry may protect the oral microbiome and may enhance the bacterial defense against pathogens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRB Nectar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Black Raspberry Nectar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055378"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772463"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772463"}]}}{"C313":{"preferredName":"Bleomycin","code":"C313","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug that is used to treat many types of cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It comes from the bacterium Streptomyces verticillus. Bleomycin damages DNA and may kill rapidly growing cancer cells. It is a type of antineoplastic antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mixture of glycopeptide antineoplastic antibiotics isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces verticillus. Bleomycin forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA; these reactive oxygen species also induce lipid peroxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, and alterations in prostaglandin synthesis and degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLEO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLEOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BLM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bleomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bleomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bleomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"125066"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005740"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"11056-06-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"40S1VHN69B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bleomycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3139"}]}}{"C311":{"preferredName":"Bleomycin A2","code":"C311","definitions":[{"description":"The primary bleomycin species in bleomycin sulfate, a mixture of the sulfate salts of several basic glycopeptide antineoplastic antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces verticillus. Bleomycin A2 forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA; these reactive oxygen species also induce lipid peroxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, and alterations in prostaglandin synthesis and degradation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLEOMYCIN A2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BLEOMYCIN A2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bleomycin A2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1-(3-(Dimethylsulfonio)propyl)bleomycinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pingyangmycin A2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zhengguangmycin A2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"146842"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005736"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"11116-31-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"13M89UEA7W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C55H84N17O21S3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bleomycin_A2"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3139"}]}}{"C81672":{"preferredName":"Bleomycin B2","code":"C81672","definitions":[{"description":"One of the primary bleomycin species in bleomycin sulfate, a mixture of the sulfate salts of glycopeptide bleomycin A2 and B2 isolated from Streptomyces verticillus with potential antineoplastic activity. Bleomycin B2 forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA; these reactive oxygen species also induce lipid peroxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, and alterations in prostaglandin synthesis and degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLEOMYCIN B2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bleomycin B2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycinamide, N1-(4-((aminoiminomethyl)amino)butyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dehydrophleomycin D1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1-(4-((Aminoiminomethyl)amino)butyl)bleomycinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phleomycin D2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005738"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9060-10-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M62KK37O40"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C55H84N20O21S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bleomycin_B2"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28641"}]}}{"C312":{"preferredName":"Bleomycin Sulfate","code":"C312","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat many types of cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It comes from the bacterium Streptomyces verticillus. Blenoxane that damages DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antineoplastic antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mixture of the sulfate salts of basic glycopeptide antineoplastic antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces verticillus. Bleomycin sulfate forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA; these reactive oxygen species also induce lipid peroxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, and alterations in prostaglandin synthesis and degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLEOMYCIN SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Blanoxan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BleMomycine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blenoxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Blenoxane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Blenoxane","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleo-S","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleo-cell","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleocin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bleocin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleolem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycin Sulfas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycin Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Bleomycin Sulfate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bleomycin Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycin Sulphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycin sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bleomycini Sulfas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blexane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oil Bleo","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bleomycin sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005739"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9041-93-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck; penis; cervix and vulva; Hodgkins and; non-Hodgkins lymphoma; testicular embryonal cell and ovarian carcinoma; chorio- and teratocarcinoma; malignant pleural effusion; melanoma; sarcoma; ovary germ cell tumor"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7DP3NTV15T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39139"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39139"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bleomycin_Sulphate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:34582"}]}}{"C62528":{"preferredName":"Blinatumomab","code":"C62528","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, single-chain, anti-CD19/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Blinatumomab possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD19, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of B cells. This bispecific monoclonal antibody brings CD19-expressing tumor B-cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and helper T lymphocytes (HTLs) together, which may result in the CTL- and HTL-mediated cell death of CD19-expressing B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/Anti-CD3 Recombinant Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MT103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLINATUMOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Blinatumomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Blinatumomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blincyto","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-538","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT-103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3853839"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"853426-35-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4FR53SIF3A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487684"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487684"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD19_Anti-CD3_Bispecific_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C98108":{"preferredName":"Blueberry Powder Supplement","code":"C98108","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, dietary supplement consisting of lyophilized blueberry powder, with antioxidant and potential chemopreventive and chemosensitizing activity. In addition to vitamins and minerals, blueberries are rich in phytonutrients, such as proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins (e.g. malvidin, delphinidin, pelargonidin, cyanidin, petunidin, and peonidin), hydroxycinnamic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids, pterostilbene, resveratrol, and flavonols (e.g. kaempferol, quercetin and myricetin). Although the exact mechanism of action through which blueberries may exert their anti-tumor effect has yet to be fully elucidated, the effects of blueberry powder on cancer cells may be attributable to the phytonutrient's antioxidant and pro-apoptotic activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blueberry Powder Supplement","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Blueberry Powder Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430627"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710970"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710970"}]}}{"C102878":{"preferredName":"Boanmycin Hydrochloride","code":"C102878","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of boanmycin (aka bleomycin A6), a component of the antibiotic bleomycin produced by Streptomyces species, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, boanmycin forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. This causes single- and double-stranded DNA breaks which eventually leads to cell death. Compared to bleomycin, boanmycin appears to have a more favorable toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAM HCl","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycin A6 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Boanmycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437181"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738501"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738501"}]}}{"C2405":{"preferredName":"Boronophenylalanine-Fructose Complex","code":"C2405","definitions":[{"description":"A substance used in a type of radiation therapy called boron neutron capture therapy. BPA-F is injected into a vein, and becomes concentrated in tumor cells. The patient then receives radiation treatment with atomic particles called neutrons. The neutrons react with the boron in BPA-F, producing radioactive particles that kill the tumor cells without harming normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A boronated phenylalanine complexed with fructose to increase its solubility. When exposed to neutron irradiation, boronophenylalanine absorbs neutrons and self-destructs releasing short-range alpha radiation and 'recoil' lithium in tumor cells, resulting in alpha radiation-induced tumor cell death. This highly selective, localized radiotargeting of tumor cells, known as boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), spares adjacent normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BPA-F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Boronophenylalanine-Fructose Complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"boronophenylalanine-fructose complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"p-Boronophenylalanine-Fructose Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0289335"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42404"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42404"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Boronophenylalanine-Fructose_Complex"}]}}{"C60809":{"preferredName":"Bosutinib","code":"C60809","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic quinolone derivative and dual kinase inhibitor that targets both Abl and Src kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Unlike imatinib, bosutinib inhibits the autophosphorylation of both Abl and Src kinases, resulting in inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis. Because of the dual mechanism of action, this agent may have activity in resistant CML disease, other myeloid malignancies and solid tumors. Abl kinase is upregulated in the presence of the abnormal Bcr-abl fusion protein which is commonly associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Overexpression of specific Src kinases is also associated with the imatinib-resistant CML phenotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Anilino-3-quinolinecarbonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Anilinobenzo(g)quinoline-3-carbonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-[(2,4-dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)amino]-6-methoxy-7-[3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propoxy]quinoline-3-carbonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOSUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bosulif","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bosutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bosutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKI 606","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKI-606","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"SKI-606","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831731"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"380843-75-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5018V4AEZ0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467222"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467222"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H29Cl2N5O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bosutinib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:39112"}]}}{"C154440":{"preferredName":"Bosutinib Monohydrate","code":"C154440","definitions":[{"description":"The monohydrate form of bosutinib, a synthetic quinolone derivative and dual kinase inhibitor that targets both Abl and Src kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Unlike imatinib, bosutinib inhibits the autophosphorylation of both Abl and Src kinases, resulting in inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis. Because of the dual mechanism of action, this agent may have activity in resistant CML disease, other myeloid malignancies and solid tumors. Abl kinase is upregulated in the presence of the abnormal Bcr-abl fusion protein which is commonly associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Overexpression of specific Src kinases is also associated with the imatinib-resistant CML phenotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Quinolinecarbonitrile, 4-((2,4-Dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)amino)-6-methoxy-7-(3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propoxy)-, Hydrate (1:1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOSUTINIB MONOHYDRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bosulif","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bosutinib Monohydrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bosutinib Monohydrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKI-606 Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555365"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"918639-08-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"844ZJE6I55"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C153419":{"preferredName":"Botanical Agent BEL-X-HG","code":"C153419","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available botanically-based agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the components in BEL-X-HG may exert cytotoxic effects against cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BEL X HG","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEL-X-HG","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BELXHG","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Botanical Agent BEL X HG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Botanical Agent BEL-X-HG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554859"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793949"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793949"}]}}{"C129711":{"preferredName":"Botanical Agent LEAC-102","code":"C129711","definitions":[{"description":"A botanical-based formulation derived from the Taiwanese mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea, with potential antineoplastic activity, Upon administration, the components in LEAC-102 may exert cytotoxic effects against cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Botanical Agent LEAC-102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEAC 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEAC-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAIWANOFUNGUS CAMPHORATUS FRUITING BODY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512955"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3796H63LII"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784382"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784382"}]}}{"C2418":{"preferredName":"Bovine Cartilage","code":"C2418","definitions":[{"description":"Cartilage extracted from various parts of a cow and is proposed to stimulate the immune system and inhibit tumor cell growth. It was used in the 1950s and 60s to enhance wound healing. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bovine Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0106940"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42603"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42603"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bovine_Cartilage"}]}}{"C129717":{"preferredName":"Bozitinib","code":"C129717","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bozitinib selectively binds to c-Met, thereby inhibiting c-Met phosphorylation and disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APL-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APL101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bozitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bozitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBI-3103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBT-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLB-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLB1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512997"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784709"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784709"}]}}{"C106267":{"preferredName":"Brachyury-expressing Yeast Vaccine GI-6301","code":"C106267","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of a heat-killed, recombinant form of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that is genetically modified to express the transcription factor brachyury protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, the brachyury-expressing yeast vaccine GI-6301 is recognized by dendritic cells, processed, and presented by Class I and II MHC molecules on the dendritic cell surface. This elicits a targeted CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response. This process kills brachyury-expressing tumor cells. Brachyury is overexpressed in a variety of tumor types and plays an important role in cancer progression and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brachyury-expressing Yeast Vaccine GI-6301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brachyury-expressing Yeast Vaccine GI-6301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GI-6301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433965"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724520"}]}}{"C28855":{"preferredName":"Breflate","code":"C28855","definitions":[{"description":"A water soluble analogue of the antineoplastic agent brefeldin A (BFA). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"13-(N,N-Dimethylglycyl)brefeldin A","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breflate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"656202"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0760968"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"174305-65-8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Breflate"}]}}{"C2007":{"preferredName":"Brentuximab","code":"C2007","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that binds to cells that have the CD30 antigen on their surface, including Hodgkin disease cells and cells from anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. SGN-30 is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A genetically-engineered, chimeric mouse-human, anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Brentuximab specifically binds to the receptor CD-30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor super-family, which may be overexpressed on the surfaces of Hodgkin lymphoma cells and anaplastic-large cell lymphoma cells. After binding to CD30, this agent interferes with the G1 phase of the cell cycle, thereby inducing growth arrest and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRENTUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brentuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brentuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAC-10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAC10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody SGN-30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-30","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SGN-30","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN30","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"731636"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328236"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C67ORA155P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357600"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357600"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SGN-30"}]}}{"C66944":{"preferredName":"Brentuximab Vedotin","code":"C66944","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) directed against the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor CD30 with potential antineoplastic activity. Brentuximab vedotin is generated by conjugating the chimeric anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody SGN-30 to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a valine-citrulline peptide linker. Upon administration and internalization by CD30-positive tumor cells, brentuximab vedotin undergoes enzymatic cleavage, releasing MMAE into the cytosol; MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. Transiently activated during lymphocyte activation, CD30 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 8;TNFRSF8) may be constitutively expressed in hematologic malignancies including Hodgkin lymphoma and some T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The linkage system in brentuximab vedotin is highly stable in plasma, resulting in cytotoxic specificity for CD30-positive cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SGN-35","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adcetris","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Antibody-Drug Conjugate SGN-35","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE SGN-35","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody-Monomethylauristatin E SGN-35","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brentuximab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brentuximab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-35","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cAC10-vcMMAE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2932409"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"914088-09-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma (HL); anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL); other CD30-expressing peripheral T-cell lymphomas"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7XL5ISS668"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530758"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530758"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C68H106N11O15S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SGN-35"}]}}{"C1560":{"preferredName":"Brequinar","code":"C1560","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic quinolinecarboxylic acid analogue with antineoplastic properties. Brequinar inhibits the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, thereby blocking de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. This agent may also enhance the in vivo antitumor effect of antineoplastic agents such as 5-FU. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Fluoro-2-(2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-methyl-4-quinolinecarboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BREQUINAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bipenquinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brequinar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280509"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"96187-53-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5XL19F49H6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40886"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40886"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H15F2NO2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Brequinar"}]}}{"C1078":{"preferredName":"Brequinar Sodium","code":"C1078","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt form of Brequinar. Brequinar inhibits the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, thereby blocking de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. This agent may also enhance the in vivo antitumor effect of antineoplastic agents such as 5-FU. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BREQUINAR SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brequinar Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brequinar sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DUP-785","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUP785","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium 6-Fluoro-2-(2'-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)-3-methyl-4-quinolinecarboxylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"368390"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0058809"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"96201-88-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"49EEF6HRUS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H14F2NO2.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Brequinar_Sodium"}]}}{"C90541":{"preferredName":"Briciclib Sodium","code":"C90541","definitions":[{"description":"A benzyl styryl sulfone analog, and a disodium phosphate ester prodrug of ON 013100, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon hydrolysis, briciclib is converted to ON 013100, which blocks cyclin D mRNA translation and decreases protein expression of cyclin D. This may induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells overexpressing cyclin D and eventually decrease tumor cell proliferation. This agent may exhibit synergistic antitumor activity in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. Cyclin D, a member of the cyclin family of cell cycle regulators, plays a key role in cell cycle division and is often overexpressed in a variety of hematologic and solid tumors and is correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methoxy-5-(((2-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)sulfonyl)methyl)phenyl Disodium Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRICICLIB SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Briciclib Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Briciclib Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ON 013105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenol, 2-Methoxy-5-((((1E)-2-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)sulfonyl)methyl)-, 1-(Dihydrogen Phosphate), Sodium Salt (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983737"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7C9N0VM8NR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"664346"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"664346"}]}}{"C98831":{"preferredName":"Brigatinib","code":"C98831","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Brigatinib binds to and inhibits ALK kinase and ALK fusion proteins as well as EGFR and mutant forms. This leads to the inhibition of ALK kinase and EGFR kinase, disrupts their signaling pathways and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cells. In addition, AP26113 appears to overcome mutation-based resistance. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development; ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. EGFR is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2-((5-Chloro-2-((2-methoxy-4-(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)phenyl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)phenyl)dimethyl-,delta5-phosphanone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Chloro-N4-[2-(dimethylphosphoryl)phenyl]-N2-{2-methoxy-4[4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl]phenyl}pyrimidine-2,4-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP 26113","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP-26113","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP26113","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Alunbrig","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRIGATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brigatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brigatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274459"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1197953-54-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HYW8DB273J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714373"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714373"}]}}{"C106235":{"preferredName":"Brilanestrant","code":"C106235","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, brilanestrant binds to the estrogen receptor and induces a conformational change that results in the degradation of the receptor. This may inhibit the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARN-810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRILANESTRANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brilanestrant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brilanestrant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7056118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD ARN-810","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827161"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9MM2R1A06R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748900"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748900"}]}}{"C158723":{"preferredName":"Brimonidine Tartrate Nanoemulsion OCU-300","code":"C158723","definitions":[{"description":"An ophthalmic nanoemulsion consisting of the tartrate salt form of brimonidine, an imidazole derivative and selective alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, with potential anti-inflammatory and vasoconstrictive activities. Upon ophthalmic instillation, brimonidine tartrate nanoemulsion OCU-300 reduces intraocular pressure by promoting the outflow and decreasing the production of aqueous humor and may reduce ocular erythema through direct vasoconstriction. Additionally, brimonidine may disrupt leukocyte extravasation into the ocular tissue, inhibit nociception and reduce inflammation associated with ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGvHD). The nanoemulsion formulation may enhance distribution of brimonidine to target tissues, thereby allowing more of the active drug to reach underlying ocular tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brimonidine Tartrate Nanoemulsion OCU-300","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brimonidine Tartrate Nanoemulsion OCU-300","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCU 300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCU-300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCU300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797485"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797485"}]}}{"C67040":{"preferredName":"Brivanib","code":"C67040","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Brivanib may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyrrolotriazine-based compound and an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) with potential antineoplastic activity. BMS-540215 specifically targets and binds strongly to human VEGFR-2, a tyrosine kinase receptor and pro-angiogenic growth factor expressed almost exclusively on vascular endothelial cells. Blockade of VEGFR-2 by this agent may lead to an inhibition of VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell migration and proliferation, thereby inhibiting tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-1-(4-(4-Fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yloxy)-5- methylpyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-6-yloxy)propan- 2-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-540215","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRIVANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brivanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR2 Inhibitor BMS-540215","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"brivanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700604"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"649735-46-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DDU33B674I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539377"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539377"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H19FN4O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BMS-540215"}]}}{"C53397":{"preferredName":"Brivanib Alaninate","code":"C53397","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Brivanib alaninate may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The alaninate salt of a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Brivanib strongly binds to and inhibits VEGFR2, a tyrosine kinase receptor expressed almost exclusively on vascular endothelial cells; inhibition of VEGFR2 may result in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, inhibition of tumor cell growth, and tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS 582664","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-582664","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRIVANIB ALANINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brivanib Alaninate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brivanib Alaninate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"brivanib alaninate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1701190"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"649735-63-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U2Y5OFN795"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462556"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462556"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H24FN5O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BMS-582664"}]}}{"C67088":{"preferredName":"Brivudine","code":"C67088","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of infections caused by herpesvirus, including herpes-zoster (shingles). It belongs to the family of drugs called antivirals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A uridine derivative and nucleoside analog with pro-apoptotic and chemosensitizing properties. In vitro, bromovinyl-deoxyuridine (BVDU) has been shown to downregulate the multifunctional DNA repair enzyme APEX nuclease 1, resulting in the inhibition of DNA repair and the induction of apoptosis. In addition, this agent may inhibit the expression of STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), which may result in the downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). BVDU has also been found to inhibit the upregulation of chemoresistance genes (Mdr1 and DHFR) during chemotherapy. Overall, the gene expression changes associated with BVDU treatment result in the decrease or prevention of chemoresistance. In addition, this agent has been shown to enhance the cytolytic activity of NK-92 natural killer cells towards a pancreatic cancer cell line in vitro.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRIVUDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BVDU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brivudine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brivudine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bromovinyl-Deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Helpin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trans-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"brivudine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"633770"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0163272"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"69304-47-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2M3055079H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577369"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577369"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H13BrN2O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Brivudine"}]}}{"C1882":{"preferredName":"Brivudine Phosphoramidate","code":"C1882","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied for its ability to make cancer cells respond to drugs to which they have become resistant. It is a type of nucleoside analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small molecule phosphoramidate derivative of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BVdU) with potential antineoplastic activity. Selectively active against tumor cells expressing high levels of thymidylate synthase (TS), brivudine is converted intracellularly by TS to bromovinyldeoxyuridine monophosphate (BVdUMP) which competes with the natural substrate, deoxyuridine monophosphate, for binding to TS. Unlike TS inhibitors, this agent is a reversible substrate for TS catalysis. Thus, TS retains activity and converts BVdUMP into cytotoxic metabolites. As key enzyme in the de novo synthesis of dTMP, TS is an enzyme critical to DNA biosynthesis and is overexpressed in many solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxy-5'-uridyl Phenyl L-methoxyalaninylphosphoramidate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVDU Prodrug","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVdU Phosphoramidate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brivudine Phosphoramidate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NB101.1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NB1011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NB1011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymectacin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0964443"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38549"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"NB1011"}]}}{"C70598":{"preferredName":"Broad-Spectrum Human Papillomavirus Vaccine V505","code":"C70598","definitions":[{"description":"A non-infectious recombinant cancer vaccine prepared from the human papillomavirus (HPV) with potential immunoprophylactic activity. Vaccination with broad-spectrum human papillomavirus vaccine V505 may stimulate the host immune system to mount humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses against HPV-infected cells. HPV infection, the cause of genital warts, is a risk factor for the development of cancers of the cervix, vagina, vulva, anus, and penis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Broad-Spectrum Human Papillomavirus Vaccine V505","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Broad-Spectrum Human Papillomavirus Vaccine V505","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V505","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL375942"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570766"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570766"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Broad-Spectrum_Human_Papillomavirus_Vaccine_V505"}]}}{"C128293":{"preferredName":"Broccoli Sprout/Broccoli Seed Extract Supplement","code":"C128293","definitions":[{"description":"A tablet-based nutritional supplement composed of a mixture of sprout and seed extracts of the cruciferous vegetable broccoli, with potential chemopreventive and antioxidant activities. Broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract contains a high amount of both the glycosinolate glucoraphanin and the enzyme myrosinase, which catalyzes the production of glucoraphanin to sulforaphane. Upon administration of the broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract, sulforaphane activates the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a member of the basic leucine zipper family, which binds to and activates antioxidant-response elements (AREs). Subsequently, activated AREs promote the transcription of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, particularly glutathione-S-transferase and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 (NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase; NQO1), resulting in the detoxification of highly reactive carcinogens. This accelerates the elimination of carcinogens, may protect against cellular damage, and prevents cancer formation. AREs are cis-acting regulatory enhancer elements found in the 5' flanking region of many phase II detoxification enzymes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Avmacol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Broccoli Sprout/Broccoli Seed Extract Supplement","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Broccoli Sprout/Broccoli Seed Extract Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507940"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782181"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782181"}]}}{"C73259":{"preferredName":"Bromacrylide","code":"C73259","definitions":[{"description":"A propenamide-based agent with antineoplastic activity. Bromacrylide has been shown to decrease tumor growth in animal models, but is accompanied with severe toxicity, including severe bone marrow suppression and weight loss.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BROMACRYLIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bromacrylide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347213"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4213-51-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"173648DEO8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H11BrN2O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bromacrylide"}]}}{"C72089":{"preferredName":"Bromebric Acid","code":"C72089","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of bromoacrylic acid with cytostatic and antineoplastic activity. Bromebric acid appears to inhibit purine synthesis, oxidative phosphorylation and DNA synthesis. This agent inhibits tumor cell growth and causes cell cycle arrest. This agent may also have some use in the phrophylaxis of migraine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-3-p-Anisoyl-3-bromoacrylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BROMEBRIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bromebric Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"104801"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054091"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5711-40-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FGE8818GWA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H9BrO4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bromebric_Acid"}]}}{"C317":{"preferredName":"Bromocriptine Mesylate","code":"C317","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt of bromocriptine, a semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with dopaminergic, antidyskinetic, and antiprolactinemic activities. Bromocriptine selectively binds to and activates postsynaptic dopamine D2 receptors in the corpus striatum of the central nervous system (CNS). Activation of these D2 receptors activate inhibitory G-proteins, which inhibit adenylyl cyclase, preventing signal transduction mediated via cAMP and resulting in the inhibition of neurotransmission and an antidyskinetic effect. This agent also stimulates dopamine D2 receptors in the anterior pituitary gland, which results in the inhibition of prolactin secretion and lactation and may inhibit the proliferation of prolactin-dependent breast cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Bromo-alpha-ergocryptine Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"BROMOCRIPTINE MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bromocriptine Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ergotaman-3',6',18-trione, 2-bromo-12'-hydroxy-2'-(1-methylethyl)-5'-(2-methylpropyl)-, monomethanesulfonate (salt), (5'alpha)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parlodel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0546852"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"22260-51-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FFP983J3OD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39165"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39165"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H40BrN5O5.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bromocriptine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3182"}]}}{"C103274":{"preferredName":"Brontictuzumab","code":"C103274","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the Notch-1 receptor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, brontictuzumab binds to Notch-1 on the cell surface, thereby inhibiting Notch-mediated signaling and tumor cell proliferation. Notch 1, a type 1 transmembrane protein belonging to the Notch family, functions as a receptor for membrane bound ligands and has various roles during development; dysregulated Notch signaling is associated with increased cell growth and chemoresistance in cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRONTICTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brontictuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brontictuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G2-lambda, Anti-(homo Sapiens Notch1 (Notch 1, Translocation-associated Notch-1, TAN-1,Tan1)), Humanized Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP-52M51","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438125"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1447814-75-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UNY2TQA40E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741867"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741867"}]}}{"C128040":{"preferredName":"Brostacillin Hydrochloride","code":"C128040","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Brostallicin hydrochloride binds to DNA and may kill cancer cells. It may also help other drugs kill cancer cells. It is a type of DNA minor groove binding agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of brostacillin, a synthetic, alpha-bromoacrylic, second-generation minor groove binder (MGB), related to distamycin A, with potential antineoplastic activity. Brostallicin binds to DNA minor groove DNA, after having formed a highly reactive glutathione (GSH)-brostallicin complex in the presence of the enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST), which is overexpressed in cancer cells; DNA replication and cell division are inhibited, resulting in tumor cell death. Compared to typical MGBs, this agent appears to bind covalently to DNA in a different manner and its activity does not depend on a functional DNA mismatch repair (MMR) mechanism. Accordingly, brostallicin may be effective against MMR-defective tumors that are refractory to various anticancer agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(2-Bromoacrylamido)-N'''-(2-guanidinoethyl)-1,1',1',1'''-tetramethyl-N,4':N',4':N',4'''-quater(pyrrole-2-carboxamide) Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BROSTALLICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brostacillin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU-166196 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"brostallicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509004"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"203258-38-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1DKC476797"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1889":{"preferredName":"Brostallicin","code":"C1889","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, alpha-bromoacrylic, second-generation minor groove binder (MGB), related to distamycin A, with potential antineoplastic activity. Brostallicin binds to DNA minor groove DNA, after having formed a highly reactive glutathione (GSH)-brostallicin complex in the presence of the enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST), which is overexpressed in cancer cells; DNA replication and cell division are inhibited, resulting in tumor cell death. Compared to typical MGBs, this agent appears to bind covalently to DNA in a different manner and its activity does not depend on a functional DNA mismatch repair (MMR) mechanism. Accordingly, brostallicin may be effective against MMR-defective tumors that are refractory to various anticancer agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(2-Bromoacrylamido)-N'''-(2-guanidinoethyl)-1,1',1',1'''-tetramethyl-N,4':N',4':N',4'''-quater(pyrrole-2-carboxamide)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BROSTALLICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brostallicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brostallicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU-166196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1122890"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"203258-60-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RPC6R41K4I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590644"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590644"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H35BrN12O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Brostallicin"}]}}{"C318":{"preferredName":"Broxuridine","code":"C318","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that makes cancer cells more sensitive to radiation and is also used as a diagnostic agent to determine how fast cancer cells grow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A halogenated thymidine analogue with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. Bromodeoxyuridine competes with thymidine for incorporation into DNA, resulting in DNA mutation and the inhibition of cell proliferation. As a radiosensitizer, this agent is associated with the inhibition of repair of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-BrdU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Bromodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Bromodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Bromouracil Deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Bromouracil deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Bromouracil-2-deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Bromouracil-2-deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Budr","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BRDU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BROXURIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BrdU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bromo Deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bromodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bromodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bromouracil Deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bromouracil deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bromouridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Broxine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Broxuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Broxuridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Broxuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neomark","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neomark-BU","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"broxuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"38297"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006233"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"59-14-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G34N38R2N1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39168"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39168"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11BrN2O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bromodeoxyuridine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:472552"}]}}{"C1765":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol A","code":"C1765","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-3-en-21-oic Acid, 15-(benzoyloxy)-13,20-epoxy-1,11,12-trihydroxy-2,16-dioxo-, Methyl Ester, (1beta,11beta,12alpha,15beta)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0626930"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"101391-06-4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bruceanol_A"}]}}{"C1764":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol B","code":"C1764","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-3-en-21-oic Acid, 13,20-epoxy-1,11,12-trihydroxy-2,16-dioxo-15-((1-oxopentyl)oxy)-, Methyl Ester, (1beta,11beta,12alpha,15beta)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0626928"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"101391-05-3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bruceanol_B"}]}}{"C1768":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol C","code":"C1768","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-3-en-21-oic Acid, 15-((4-(acetyloxy)-3,4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy)-13,20-epoxy-1,11,12-trihydroxy-2,16-dioxo-, Methyl Ester, (1beta,11beta,12alpha,15beta(E))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0634036"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"114586-21-9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bruceanol_C"}]}}{"C1535":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol D","code":"C1535","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated form the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol D","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-3-en-21-oic Acid, 15-((3,4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy)-13,20-epoxy-1,11,12-trihydroxy-2,16-dioxo-, Methyl Ester, (1beta,11beta,12alpha,15beta(E))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0252924"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"152645-84-6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bruceanol_D"}]}}{"C1536":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol E","code":"C1536","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picrasan-21-oic Acid, 15-((3,4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy)-13,20-epoxy-1,11,12-trihydroxy-2,16-dioxo-, Methyl Ester, (1beta,11beta,12alpha,15beta(E))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"368672"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0252925"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"152645-85-7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bruceanol_E"}]}}{"C1537":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol F","code":"C1537","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-2-en-21-oic Acid, 15-((3,4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy)-13,20-epoxy-2,11,12-trihydroxy-1,16-dioxo-, Methyl Ester, (11beta,12alpha,15beta(E))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0252926"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"101910-72-9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bruceanol_F"}]}}{"C1694":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol G","code":"C1694","definitions":[{"description":"A natural quassinoid agent extracted from Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity that is cytotoxic to certain cancer cell lines. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol G","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0391118"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"168301-20-0"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bruceanol_G"}]}}{"C1695":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol H","code":"C1695","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol H","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0391119"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"168569-27-5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bruceanol_H"}]}}{"C1025":{"preferredName":"Bruceantin","code":"C1025","definitions":[{"description":"A triterpene quassinoid antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica. Bruceantin inhibits the peptidyl transferase elongation reaction, resulting in decreased protein and DNA synthesis. Bruceantin also has antiamoebic and antimalarial activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-3, 11c-(Epoxymethano)phenanthro[10,1-bc]pyran, Picras-3-en-21-oic Acid Derivative","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRUCEANTIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bruceantin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Bruceantin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-3-en-21-oic Acid, 15-[(3,4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy]-13,20-epoxy-3,11, 12-trihydroxy-2,16-dioxo-, Methyl Ester, (11beta,12alpha,15beta(E))","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-3-en-21-oic acid, 15-[(3, 4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy]-13,20-epoxy-3,11,12-trihydroxy-2, 16-dioxo-, methyl ester [11.beta.,12.alpha.,15.beta.(E)]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Picras-3-en-21-oic acid, 15-[(3, 4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy]-13,20-epoxy-3,11,12-trihydroxy-2, 16-dioxo-, methyl ester, [11.beta.,12.alpha.,15.beta.(E)]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"[11Beta,12alpha,15beta(E)]-15-[(3,4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy]-13,20-epoxy-3,11,12-trihydroxy-2,16-dioxopicras-3-en-21-oic Acid Methyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"165563"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054160"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"41451-75-6"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39169"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39169"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Bruceantin"}]}}{"C1026":{"preferredName":"Bryostatin 1","code":"C1026","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer and certain brain conditions such as Alzheimer disease and stroke. It binds to an enzyme involved in cell growth and it may help anticancer drugs work better. Bryostatin 1 comes from a marine organism. It is a type of protein kinase C modulator.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A macrocyclic lactone isolated from the bryozoan Bugula neritina with antineoplastic activity. Bryostatin 1 binds to and inhibits the cell-signaling enzyme protein kinase C, resulting in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, the promotion of tumor cell differentiation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may act synergistically with other chemotherapeutic agents. 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Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody ABBV-181 targets and binds to PD-1, thereby blocking its binding to the PD-1 ligand, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and preventing the activation of PD-1/PD-L1 downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligand; it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUDIGALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Budigalimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Budigalimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524834"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2098225-93-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6VDO4TY3OO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790298"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790298"}]}}{"C81555":{"preferredName":"Budotitane","code":"C81555","definitions":[{"description":"A titanium metal complex, coordinated with asymmetric beta-diketonate ligands, with antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action remains to be elucidated, budotitane potentially binds either to macromolecules via coordinative covalent bonds, or via intercalation between nucleic acids strands by the aromatic ring of the beta-diketonate. In addition, this agent appears to cause cardiac arrhythmias and is toxic to the liver and kidneys at higher doses. The development of budotitane was halted due to the rapid loss of its labile groups under physiological conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BUDOTITANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Budotitane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0057922"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"85969-07-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DV05VZD83V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C10H9O2.2C2H5O.Ti"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Budotitane"}]}}{"C107555":{"preferredName":"Bufalin","code":"C107555","definitions":[{"description":"An active ingredient and one of the glycosides in the traditional Chinese medicine ChanSu; it is also a bufadienolide toxin originally isolated from the venom of the Chinese toad Bufo gargarizans, with potential cardiotonic and antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action of bufalin is still under investigation, this agent is a specific Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor and can induce apoptosis in cancer cell lines through the activation of the transcription factor AP-1 via a mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,14-Dihydroxy-Bufa-20,22-Dienolide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Beta,14-Dihydroxy-5-Beta-Bufa-20,22-Dienolide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3beta,14beta-Dihydroxy-5beta-Bufa-20,22-Dienolide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Beta-Bufa-20,22-Dienolide, 3-Beta,14-Dihydroxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5beta-Bufa-20,22-Dienolide, 3beta,14-Dihydroxy- (8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bufa-20,22-Dienolide, 3,14-Dihydroxy-, (3-Beta,5-Beta)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bufa-20,22-Dienolide, 3,14-Dihydroxy-, (3beta,5beta)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bufalin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bufalin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054205"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"465-21-4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C90565":{"preferredName":"Buparlisib","code":"C90565","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable specific oral inhibitor of the pan-class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) family of lipid kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Buparlisib specifically inhibits class I PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway in an ATP-competitive manner, thereby inhibiting the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate and activation of the PI3K signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BKM120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUPARLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Buparlisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Buparlisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor BKM120","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3886769"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"944396-07-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0ZM2Z182GD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"667281"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"667281"}]}}{"C88323":{"preferredName":"Burixafor","code":"C88323","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) with receptor binding and hematopoietic stem cell-mobilization activities. Burixafor binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation; this may induce the mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from the bone marrow into blood. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) gene family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types; CXCL12/CXCR4 interaction induces retention of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BURIXAFOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Burixafor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphonic Acid, p-(2-(4-(6-Amino-2-(((trans-4-(((3-(cyclohexylamino)propyl)amino)methyl)cyclohexyl)methyl)amino)-4-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinyl)ethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-0054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413584"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1191448-17-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2G17Y0Q20G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661023"}]}}{"C130049":{"preferredName":"Burixafor Hydrobromide","code":"C130049","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrobromide salt form of burixafor, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) with hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-mobilization and chemosensitizing activities. Upon administration, burixafor binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation. This may induce the mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from the bone marrow into the peripheral circulation. Additionally, burixafor-mediated mobilization of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) from the bone marrow into the blood may make these metastatic tumor cells more susceptible to the actions of chemotherapeutic agents. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) gene family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types. CXCL12/CXCR4 interaction induces retention of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Burixafor HBr","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burixafor Hydrobromide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Burixafor Hydrobromide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-0054 HBr","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-0054 Hydrobromide","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513400"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C119744":{"preferredName":"Burosumab","code":"C119744","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable recombinant human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody directed against human fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), that can be used to increase serum phosphate levels. Upon subcutaneous administration, burosumab binds to and inhibits FGF23, thereby interfering with FGF23 signaling. This increases tubular phosphate reabsorption, decreases excretion of phosphate, and increases serum phosphate levels, resulting in enhanced bone mineralization. FGF23, a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family produced by osteocytes, plays a key role in hypophosphatemic rickets/osteomalacia, such as X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) and tumor-induced rickets/osteomalacia. Increased FGF23 levels lead to decreased expression of the sodium-phosphate co-transporters in the proximal tubules, reduced renal phosphate reabsorption, increased excretion by the kidneys, and low serum phosphate concentration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-FGF23 IgG1 Monoclonal Antibody KRN23","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUROSUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Burosumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRN23","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UX023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896830"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1610833-03-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G9WJT6RD29"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767123"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767123"}]}}{"C320":{"preferredName":"Buserelin","code":"C320","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called gonadotropin-releasing hormones. In prostate cancer therapy, buserelin blocks the production of testosterone in the testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Buserelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Prolonged administration of buserelin results in sustained inhibition of gonadotropin production, suppression of testicular and ovarian steroidogenesis, and reduced levels of circulating gonadotropin and gonadal steroids. Buserelin is more potent that GnRH. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-[O-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-D-serine]-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-10-deglycinamide Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor (Pig)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-[O-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-D-serine]-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-10-deglycinamide-luteinizing Hormone-releasing Factor (Pig)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"BSRL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUSERELIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Buserelin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Buserelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Busereline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etilamide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOE 766","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI 123215","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S74-6766","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"buserelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"725176"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006456"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57982-77-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; Contraception, female; Endometriosis; Infertility; in vitro fertilization; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Prostate cancer; Uterine leiomyoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PXW8U3YXDV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39170"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39170"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C60H86N16O13"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Buserelin"}]}}{"C160712":{"preferredName":"Bushen Culuan Decoction","code":"C160712","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction containing a mixture of ten Chinese herbs including Tusizi, Yinyanghuo, Xianmao, Xuduan, Gouqizi, Nvzhenzi, Zelan, Shengpuhuang, Xiangfu and Chuanshanlong, with potential to induce ovulation. Upon oral administration, Bushen Culuan decoction may, through a not yet fully elucidated mechanism, depress follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, elevate anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, and increase the number of antral follicle counts (AFCs), thereby promoting ovulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bushen Culuan Decoction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bushen Culuan TCM Decoction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bushen Culuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797882"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797882"}]}}{"C151930":{"preferredName":"Bushen-Jianpi Decoction","code":"C151930","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that is used for Yin deficiency of the liver, kidney and spleen, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Bushen-Jianpi decoction (BSJPD; BJD) consists of various herbs, including, but not limited to, Radix Codonopsis (Dang Shen), Fructus Lycii (the fruit of Chinese wolfberry), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Baishu; Bai Zhu), Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Cuscuta chinensis (Chinese dodder) seed, and Psoralea corylifolia Linn. As a TCM, Bushen-Jianpi is used as an antineoplastic agent as it is thought to invigorate the spleen and tonify the kidney, which presumably prevents or treats a variety of cancers. Upon administration of Bushen-Jianpi decoction, the ingredients in the decoction may affect signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis and enhance the immune system by increasing the levels of numerous cytokines and a variety of immune cells, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), natural killer cells (NKs) and macrophages. It may also reduce the expression of various proteins involved in tumorigenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BJD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BJHD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSJPD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bushen-Jianpi Decoction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JPBS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jianpi Bushen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jianpi Bushen Decoction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553269"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793123"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793123"}]}}{"C321":{"preferredName":"Busulfan","code":"C321","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of dimethane-sulfonate with antineoplastic and cytotoxic properties. Although its mechanism of action is not fully understood, busulfan appears to act through the alkylation of DNA. Following systemic absorption of busulfan, carbonium ions are formed, resulting in DNA alkylation and DNA breaks and inhibition of DNA replication and RNA transcription. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1, 4-Bis[methanesulfonoxy]butane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,4-Bis(methanesulfonoxy)butane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4-Bitanediol Dimethanesulfonate Esters","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4-Butanediol Dimethylsulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4-Di(methanesulfonyloxy)butane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4-Di(methylsulfonyloxy)butane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUSULFAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bussulfam","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Busulfan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Busulfan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Busulfan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Busulfanum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Busulfex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Busulphan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Busulphan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB 2041","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CB-2041","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GT 41","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"GT-41","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glyzophrol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Joacamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanesulfonic Acid Tetramethylene Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanesulfonic acid, tetramethylene ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mielucin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Misulban","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Misulban","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Misulfan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitosan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeleukon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloleukon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Myeloleukon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelosan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Myelosan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mylecytan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mylecytan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myleran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Myleran","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulfabutin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetramethylene Bis(methanesulfonate)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetramethylene bis[methanesulfonate]","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"WR-19508","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"busulfan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"750"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006463"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"55-98-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Bone marrow disorders; chronic myelogenous leukemia; palliative; neoadjuvant to allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation; neoplastic meningitis; primary brain malignancies"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G1LN9045DK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41947"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41947"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H14O6S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Busulfan"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28901"}]}}{"C1029":{"preferredName":"Buthionine Sulfoximine","code":"C1029","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that may help prevent resistance to some anticancer drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic amino acid. Buthionine sulfoximine irreversibly inhibits gamma-glutamylcysteine synthase, thereby depleting cells of glutathione, a metabolite that plays a critical role in protecting cells against oxidative stress, and resulting in free radical-induced apoptosis. Elevated glutathione levels are associated with tumor cell resistance to alkylating agents and platinum compounds. By depleting cells of glutathione, this agent may enhance the in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicities of various chemotherapeutic agents in drug-resistant tumors. Buthionine sulfoximine may also exhibit antiangiogenesis activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl) Butanoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUTHIONINE SULFOXIMINE, L-","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Butanoic Acid, 2-Amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanoic acid, 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Buthionine Sulfoximine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Buthionine Sulfoximine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Buthionine Sulfoximine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buthionine Sulphoximine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Buthionine Sulfoximine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Buthionine sulfoximine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"S-(3-Amino-3-carboxypropyl)-S-butylsulfoximine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-(n-Butyl)homocysteine Sulfoximine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"buthionine sulfoximine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"326231"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054252"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83730-53-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EEY8DZS103"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39123"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39123"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H18N2O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Buthionine_Sulfoximine"}]}}{"C88264":{"preferredName":"C-VISA BikDD:Liposome","code":"C88264","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation composed of DOTAP:cholesterol liposome nanoparticles complexed with the plasmid C-VISA BiKDD, with potential antineoplastic activity. C-VISA BikDD: liposome consists of a pancreatic-cancer-specific expression vector VISA (VP16-GAL4-WPRE integrated systemic amplifier) and a pancreatic-cancer-specific promoter CCKAR (cholecystokinin type A receptor) (CCKAR-VISA or C-VISA) which drives expression of the gene BikDD, a mutant form of the potent proapoptotic gene Bik (Bcl-2 interacting killer). Upon administration and transduction into pancreatic tumor cells, expression of BikDD by C-VISA BikDD:liposome may induce pancreatic tumor cell apoptosis and suppress pancreatic tumor cell proliferation. BikDD binds with greater affinity to anti-apoptotic proteins bcl-2, bcl-xl, bcl-w and Mcl-1 and is more potent than wild-type Bik. DOTAP:cholesterol liposome is composed of cationic lipid dioleoyl-trimethylammonium propane (DOTAP) and cholesterol at molar ratio of 1:1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C-VISA BikDD Plasmid: DOTAP:Cholesterol Liposome-Based Nanoparticle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-VISA BikDD:Liposome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"C-VISA BikDD:Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412442"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654631"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654631"}]}}{"C1541":{"preferredName":"C-myb Antisense Oligonucleotide G4460","code":"C1541","definitions":[{"description":"A 24-base phosphorothiolate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) for the proto-oncogene c-myb with potential antineoplastic activity. C-myb antisense oligonucleotide G4460 binds to codon sequences 2 to 9 of c-myb mRNA, inhibiting translation of the transcript. Suppression of c-myb expression with this agent may result in the restoration of normal differentiation pathways, increased antiproliferative effects, and the induction of apoptosis in early progenitor hematopoietic cells and in tumor cells that overexpress c-myb. Tumor-cell overexpression of c-myb blocks differentiation, promotes proliferation, and inhibits apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C-myb Antisense Oligonucleotide G4460","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G4460","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INX-3001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LR-3001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OL(1)p53","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-MYB Antisense","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-MYB Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Myb Antisense OND","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Myb LR-3001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"710296"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0253788"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43388"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43388"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LR-3001"}]}}{"C155812":{"preferredName":"CAB-ROR2-ADC BA3021","code":"C155812","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a conditionally active biologic (CAB) antibody against receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of CAB-ROR2-ADC BA3021, the anti-ROR2 antibody becomes activated through an as of yet not fully elucidated process, only under the unique microphysical conditions that are present in the tumor microenvironment (TME) as a result of the glycolytic metabolism of cancer cells and not in the microenvironment of normal, healthy tissues. Upon binding to ROR2-expressing cancer cells and internalization, the cytotoxic agent kills the cancer cells through an as of yet undisclosed mechanism of action (MoA). ROR2, highly expressed during embryonic development while only minimally expressed on certain normal, healthy cells, is involved in Wnt signal transduction and is overexpressed on certain cancer cells. It plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. High levels of ROR2 expression often correlates with poor prognosis. The CAB antibody allows for efficient binding to ROR2-expressing cancer cells only, thereby maximizing efficacy while minimizing toxicity by avoiding activation and thus binding of the antibody to normal, healthy ROR2-expressing cells under normal conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC BA3021","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ROR2 CAB ADC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate BA3021","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BA 3021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BA3021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAB Anti-ROR2 ADC BA3021","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAB-ROR2-ADC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAB-ROR2-ADC BA3021","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CAB-ROR2-ADC BA3021","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conditionally Active Biologic Anti-ROR2 Antibody-drug Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROR2-targeted ADC BA3021","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556342"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C117731":{"preferredName":"CAIX Inhibitor DTP348","code":"C117731","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, nitroimidazole-based sulfamide, carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CAIX inhibitor DTP348 inhibits tumor-associated CAIX, a hypoxia-inducible transmembrane glycoprotein that catalyzes the reversible reaction and rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid, protons, and bicarbonate ions. This prevents the acidification of the tumor's extracellular microenvironment and decreases the intracellular pH. This results in increased cell death in CAIX-expressing, hypoxic tumors. In addition, DTP348, through its nitroimidazole moiety, is able to sensitize hypoxic tumor cells to irradiation. CAIX is overexpressed in various tumors and plays a key role in intra- and extracellular pH regulation, cancer cell progression, survival, migration and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(2-Methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethylsulfamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAIX Inhibitor DTP348","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTP348","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474126"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763908"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763908"}]}}{"C117728":{"preferredName":"CAIX Inhibitor SLC-0111","code":"C117728","definitions":[{"description":"A sulfonamide carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CAIX inhibitor SLC-0111 inhibits tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), an hypoxia-inducible transmembrane glycoprotein that catalyzes the reversible reaction and rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid, protons, and bicarbonate ions. This prevents both the acidification of the tumor's extracellular microenvironment and cytoplasmic alkalization. This increases cell death in CAIX-expressing, hypoxic tumors. CAIX is overexpressed in various tumors and plays a key role in intra- and extracellular pH regulation, cancer cell progression, survival, migration and invasion; it is also involved in resistance to both chemo- and radiotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAIX Inhibitor SLC-0111","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLC-0111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474123"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763832"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763832"}]}}{"C150586":{"preferredName":"CAR T-Cells AMG 119","code":"C150586","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that targets an as of yet unidentified tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the CAR T-cells AMG 119, the T-cells target, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing the TAA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG 119 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAR T-Cells AMG 119","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CAR T-Cells AMG 119","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAR-T Cells AMG 119","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552332"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793448"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793448"}]}}{"C95894":{"preferredName":"CBP/beta-catenin Antagonist PRI-724","code":"C95894","definitions":[{"description":"A potent, specific inhibitor of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in cancer stem cells with potential antineoplastic activity. Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor PRI-724 specifically inhibits the recruiting of beta-catenin with its coactivator CBP (the binding protein of the cAMP response element-binding protein CREB); together with other transcription factors beta-catenin/CBP binds to WRE (Wnt-responsive element) and activates transcription of a wide range of target genes of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. Blocking the interaction of CBP and beta-catenin by this agent prevents gene expression of many proteins necessary for growth, thereby potentially suppressing cancer cell growth. The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway regulates cell morphology, motility, and proliferation; aberrant regulation of this pathway leads to neoplastic proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CBP/beta-catenin Antagonist PRI-724","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CBP/beta-catenin Antagonist PRI-724","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRI-724","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428291"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696436"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696436"}]}}{"C153376":{"preferredName":"CBP/beta-catenin Modulator E7386","code":"C153376","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CBP/beta-catenin Modulator E7386","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E 7386","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E-7386","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7386","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554532"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793902"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793902"}]}}{"C120302":{"preferredName":"CCR2 Antagonist CCX872-B","code":"C120302","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available human C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) antagonist, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CCR2 antagonist CCX872-B specifically binds to CCR2 and prevents the binding its cognate endothelium-derived chemokine ligand CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or MCP1). This may result in the inhibition of both CCR2 activation and CCR2-mediated signal transduction, which may inhibit inflammatory processes, angiogenesis, tumor cell migration, and tumor cell proliferation. The G-protein coupled receptor CCR2 is expressed on the surface of monocytes and macrophages, and stimulates their migration and infiltration; it plays a key role in inflammation. CCR2 is overexpressed in certain cancer cell types, where it is involved in angiogenesis, tumor cell migration and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCR2 Antagonist CCX872-B","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CCR2 Antagonist CCX872-B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCX872-B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896888"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768571"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768571"}]}}{"C97507":{"preferredName":"CCR2 Antagonist PF-04136309","code":"C97507","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available human chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) antagonist with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CCR2 antagonist PF-04136309 specifically binds to CCR2 and prevents binding of the endothelium-derived chemokine ligand CLL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or MCP1) to its receptor CCR2, which may result in inhibition of CCR2 activation and signal transduction. This may inhibit inflammatory processes as well as angiogenesis, tumor cell migration, and tumor cell proliferation. The G-protein coupled receptor CCR2 is expressed on the surface of monocytes and macrophages, stimulates the migration and infiltration of these cell types, and plays an important role in inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor cell migration and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCR2 Antagonist PF-04136309","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CCR2 Antagonist PF-04136309","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04136309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430252"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703421"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703421"}]}}{"C139550":{"preferredName":"CCR2/CCR5 Antagonist BMS-813160","code":"C139550","definitions":[{"description":"An antagonist of both human C-C chemokine receptor types 2 (CCR2; CD192) and 5 (CCR5; CD195), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CCR2/CCR5 antagonist BMS-813160 specifically binds and prevents the activation of both CCR2 and CCR5. This inhibits the activation of CCR2/CCR5-mediated signal transduction pathways and may inhibit inflammatory processes, angiogenesis, tumor cell migration, tumor cell proliferation and invasion. The G-protein coupled chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5 are expressed on the surface of monocytes and macrophages, and stimulate their migration and infiltration; they play key roles in inflammation and autoimmune disease. CCR2 and CCR5 are overexpressed in certain cancer cell types, and are also involved in angiogenesis, and in tumor cell migration, proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-1-[(1S,2R,4R)-4-isopropyl(methyl)amino)-2-propylcyclohexyl]-3-(6(trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-4-ylamino)pyrrolidin-2-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-813160","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCR2/CCR5 Antagonist BMS-813160","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CCR2/CCR5 Antagonist BMS-813160","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3490973"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791102"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791102"}]}}{"C157240":{"preferredName":"CCR4 Inhibitor FLX475","code":"C157240","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule antagonist of C-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CCR4) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, FLX475 inhibits the binding of CCR4 to its signaling molecules, thereby blocking the recruitment of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) to the tumor microenvironment (TME). This may abrogate the immunosuppressive effects of Tregs and promote an effective anti-tumor immune response. CCR4, a chemokine receptor normally expressed on circulating and tissue-resident T-cells, is highly expressed on circulating Tregs and is associated with poor prognosis in certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCR4 Inhibitor FLX475","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CCR4 Inhibitor FLX475","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLX 475","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLX-475","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLX475","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936884"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C129596":{"preferredName":"CD4-specific Telomerase Peptide Vaccine UCPVax","code":"C129596","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic peptide vaccine containing the human telomerase reverse transcriptase catalytic subunit (hTERT)-derived universal cancer peptides 2 (UCP2) and 4 (UCP4), and combined with the immunoadjuvant Montanide ISA 51 VG, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the CD4-specific telomerase peptide vaccine UCPVax activates the immune system to mount a T-helper 1 (TH1) CD4-positive T-lymphocyte immune response against and ultimately killing telomerase-expressing cells. Telomerase, a reverse transcriptase normally repressed in healthy cells, is overexpressed in most cancer cells and plays a key role in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD4-specific Telomerase Peptide Vaccine UCPVax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCP2/UCP4 CD4-specific Telomerase Peptide Vaccine UCPVax","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCPVax","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512660"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783988"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783988"}]}}{"C74008":{"preferredName":"CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CP-870,893","code":"C74008","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody (mAb) agonist of the cell surface receptor CD40 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Similar to the CD40 ligand (CD40L or CD154), CD40 agonist monoclonal antibody CP-870,893 binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types, triggering the cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), activating B cells and T cells, and enhancing the immune response; in addition, this agent may activate CD40 present on the surfaces of some solid tumor cells, resulting in apoptosis and decreased tumor growth. CD40, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on various immune cells, many B-cell malignancies, and some solid tumors, mediating both indirect tumor cell killing through the activation of the immune system and direct tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CP-870,893","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CP-870,893","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-870,893","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1869412"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"588974"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"588974"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD40_Monoclonal_Antibody_CP-870_893"}]}}{"C123734":{"preferredName":"CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody APX005M","code":"C123734","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody agonist of the cell surface receptor CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Similar to the endogenous CD40 ligand (CD40L or CD154), CD40 agonistic monoclonal antibody APX005M binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This triggers the cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and activates B-cells, and effector and memory T-cells. This results in an enhanced immune response against tumor cells. APX005M also binds to and activates CD40 present on the surfaces of some solid tumor cells, leading to apoptosis and decreased tumor growth. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on various immune cells and certain cancer cells; it mediates both indirect tumor cell killing through the activation of the immune system and direct tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APX 005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APX 005M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APX-005M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"APX-005M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APX005M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody APX005M","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody APX005M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPI-0050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053581"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JEA93WJ5DG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775520"}]}}{"C142813":{"preferredName":"CD44 Targeted Agent SPL-108","code":"C142813","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary agent that targets the cancer stem cell (CSC) antigen CD44, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action has not been elucidated, following subcutaneous administration, CD44 targeted agent SPL-108 binds to CD44 and prevents the activation of various CD44-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may lead to reduced proliferation of CD44-expressing tumor stem cells. CD44, a transmembrane glycoprotein and hyaluronic acid receptor, is expressed in healthy tissue and overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types; it plays a key role in the proliferation, migration and survival of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD44 Targeted Agent SPL-108","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD44 Targeted Agent SPL-108","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPL 108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPL-108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540705"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789749"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789749"}]}}{"C132851":{"preferredName":"CD47 Antagonist ALX148","code":"C132851","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) that antagonizes the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ALX148 binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and prevents the interaction of CD47 with its ligand SIRPa, a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of the pro-phagocytic signal calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages. This results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. In addition, blocking CD47 signaling activates both an anti-tumor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response and T cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALX 148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALX-148","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ALX-148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALX148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD47 Antagonist ALX148","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD47 Antagonist ALX148","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD47/SIRPa-blocking Agent ALX148","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIRPa Variant ALX148","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL519706"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X7K762X1IJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787529"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787529"}]}}{"C126641":{"preferredName":"CDC7 Inhibitor TAK-931","code":"C126641","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cell division cycle 7 (cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase; CDC7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TAK-931 binds to and inhibits CDC7; this prevents the initiation of DNA replication during mitosis, which causes cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis. This inhibits cell growth in CDC7-overexpressing tumor cells. CDC7, a serine/threonine kinase and cell division cycle protein, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in the activation of DNA replication and the regulation of cell cycle progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDC7 Inhibitor TAK-931","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDC7 Inhibitor TAK-931","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cell Division Cycle 7 Inhibitor TAK-931","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-931","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL505074"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779700"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779700"}]}}{"C82418":{"preferredName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor BMS-863233","code":"C82418","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable cell division cycle 7 homolog (CDC7) kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. CDC7 kinase inhibitor BMS-863233 binds to and inhibits the activity of CDC7, which may result in the inhibition of DNA replication and mitosis, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in CDC7-overexpressing tumor cells. CDC7, a serine-threonine kinase overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA replication by activating origins of replication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-863233","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor BMS-863233","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor BMS-863233","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cell Division Cycle 7 Homolog Kinase Inhibitor BMS-863233","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408681"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637599"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637599"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CDC7_Kinase_Inhibitor_BMS-863233"}]}}{"C148509":{"preferredName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor LY3143921 Hydrate","code":"C148509","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrated form of an orally bioavailable inhibitor of cell division cycle 7 (CDC7) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of CDC7 kinase inhibitor LY3143921 hydrate, LY3143921 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDC7, which may result in the inhibition of DNA replication and mitosis, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in CDC7-overexpressing tumor cells. The serine-threonine kinase CDC7 plays a key role in DNA replication by binding to and phosphorylating serine (Ser)-40 and 53 of MCM2 (minichromosome maintenance complex component 2), which is required for the initiation of DNA replication. Although expressed at low levels in healthy, normal cells, CDC7 is expressed at much higher levels in cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor LY3143921 Hydrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3143921 Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3143921 Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551033"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792646"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792646"}]}}{"C88316":{"preferredName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor NMS-1116354","code":"C88316","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable cell division cycle 7 homolog (CDC7) kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. CDC7 kinase inhibitor NMS-1116354 binds to and inhibits the activity of CDC7, which may result in the inhibition of DNA replication and mitosis, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in CDC7-overexpressing tumor cells. The serine-threonine kinase CDC7 initiates DNA replication by phosphorylating MCM2 (minichromosome maintenance complex component 2) at Ser40 and Ser53.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor NMS-1116354","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor NMS-1116354","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMS-1116354","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413571"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660731"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660731"}]}}{"C64761":{"preferredName":"CDK Inhibitor AT7519","code":"C64761","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. AT7519M blocks enzymes needed for cells to divide. It is a type of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. AT7519M selectively binds to and inhibits cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs), which may result in cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases involved in regulation of the cell cycle and may be overexpressed in some types of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AT7519","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT7519M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AT7519M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK Inhibitor AT7519","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK inhibitor AT7519M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CDKI AT7519","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor AT7519M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879520"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"844442-38-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513177"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513177"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H17Cl2N5O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AT7519M"}]}}{"C64544":{"preferredName":"CDK Inhibitor R547","code":"C64544","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable diaminopyrimidine compound and a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. CDKs are ATP-dependent serine/threonine kinases that are important regulators of cell cycle progression and are frequently overexpressed in cancerous cells. R547 selectively binds to and inhibits CDKs, especially CDK1/cyclin B, CDK2/cyclin E, and CDK4/cyclin D1. The inhibition of CDKs results in cell cycle arrest, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and induction of apoptosis. By inhibiting CDK activity, R547 also reduces phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, thereby preventing activation of transcription factor E2F and leading to further suppression of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK Inhibitor R547","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor R547","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor R547","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R 547","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-547","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"R547","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 4584820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-4584820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO4584820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832011"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"741713-40-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T61871RKRI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529189"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529189"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"R547"}]}}{"C62523":{"preferredName":"CDK Inhibitor SNS-032","code":"C62523","definitions":[{"description":"A small aminothiazole molecule and cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. SNS-032 binds to and prevents the phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases, especially CDK2, 7, and 9 that regulate cell cycle progression. Inhibition of CDKs leads to cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis. As a result, this agent causes cytotoxicity and prevents further tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-387032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK Inhibitor SNS-032","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS-032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1451099"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488948"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488948"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SNS-032"}]}}{"C105851":{"preferredName":"CDK/JAK2/FLT3 Inhibitor TG02 Citrate","code":"C105851","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable citrate salt form of TG02, a multi-kinase inhibitor for cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) subtypes 1, 2, 7 and 9, Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2), FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, FLK2, STK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK/JAK2/FLT3 Inhibitor TG02 binds to and inhibits the CDK subtypes, JAK2, and FLT3. TG02 also inhibits, to a lesser extent, TYK2, TYRO3, STAT5 and P38delta. This may result in both an induction of apoptosis and an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress these kinases. JAK2, often upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cells, mediates STAT3 activation and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases that play key roles in the regulation of the cell cycle and cellular proliferation. FLT3, a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage and acute myeloid leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK/JAK2/FLT3 Inhibitor TG02 Citrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDK/JAK2/FLT3 Inhibitor TG02 Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB1317 Citrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG02 Citrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447179"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686272"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686272"}]}}{"C163985":{"preferredName":"CDK1 Inhibitor BEY1107","code":"C163985","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CDK1 inhibitor BEY1107 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK1. This may inhibit cancer stem cell (CSC) division, cause cell cycle arrest, and induce apoptosis. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. CDK1, an ATP-dependent serine/threonine kinase, plays a key role in regulating cell division, cell cycle progression and proliferation. It is frequently overexpressed in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BEY 1107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEY-1107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEY-A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEY1107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEY1107G","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEY1107P","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK1 Inhibitor BEY1107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799135"}]}}{"C52182":{"preferredName":"CDK1/2/4 Inhibitor AG-024322","code":"C52182","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. AG-024322 selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases (particularly CDK1,2 and 4), enzymes that regulate cell cycle progression. Inhibition of CDK may result in cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of DNA replication and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG-024322","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK1/2/4 Inhibitor AG-024322","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706655"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459491"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459491"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AG-024322"}]}}{"C155956":{"preferredName":"CDK2/4/6/FLT3 Inhibitor FN-1501","code":"C155956","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule multi-kinase inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) subtypes 2 (CDK2), 4 (CDK4), and 6 (CDK6) and FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, FLK2, STK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, CDK2/4/6/FLT3 inhibitor FN-1501 binds to and inhibits CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6, as well as FLT3. This may induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress these kinases. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases that assist in cell cycle regulation and cellular proliferation. FLT3, a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in many cancer types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-((7H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-N-(4-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK/FLT3 Inhibitor FN-1501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK2/4/6/FLT3 Inhibitor FN-1501","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDK2/4/6/FLT3 Inhibitor FN-1501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FN 1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FN-1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FN1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562813"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1429515-59-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795267"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795267"}]}}{"C123902":{"preferredName":"CDK2/5/9 Inhibitor CYC065","code":"C123902","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinases 2, 5 and 9 (CDK2/5/9), with potential antineoplastic and chemoprotective activities. Upon oral administration, CYC065 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK2, 5 and 9, which leads to inhibition of CDK2, 5 and 9-dependent cellular pathways, downregulation of genes involved in the pro-survival pathway, prevention of the activation of DNA double-strand break repair pathways, and induction of both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This inhibits the proliferation of CDK2/5/9-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, CYC065 protects hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), prevents myelosuppression, and preserves the function of the bone marrow. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and may be overexpressed in certain cancer cell types; they play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, the regulation of transcription, and DNA damage repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK2/5/9 Inhibitor CYC065","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDK2/5/9 Inhibitor CYC065","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYC065","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2/5/9 CYC065","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498266"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775991"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775991"}]}}{"C80049":{"preferredName":"CDK4 Inhibitor P1446A-05","code":"C80049","definitions":[{"description":"A protein kinase inhibitor specific for the cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) with potential antineoplastic activity. CDK4 inhibitor P1446A-05 specifically inhibits CDK4-mediated G1-S phase transition, arresting cell cycling and inhibiting cancer cell growth. The serine/threonine kinase CDK4 is found in a complex with D-type G1 cyclins and is the first kinase to become activated upon mitogenic stimulation, releasing cells from a quiescent stage into the G1/S growth cycling stage; CDK-cyclin complexes have been shown to phosphorylate the retinoblastoma (Rb) transcription factor in early G1, displacing histone deacetylase (HDAC) and blocking transcriptional repression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK4 Inhibitor P1446A-05","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDK4 Inhibitor P1446A-05","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P1446A-05","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388407"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"618682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"618682"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CDK4_Serine_Threonine_Kinase_Inhibitor_P1446A-05"}]}}{"C157481":{"preferredName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor BPI-16350","code":"C157481","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor BPI-16350 selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of both cell cycle progression from the G1-phase into the S-phase and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BPI 16350","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI-16350","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI16350","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor BPI-16350","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937081"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796716"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796716"}]}}{"C165199":{"preferredName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor FCN-437","code":"C165199","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor FCN-437 selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1/S transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play key roles in the regulation of both cell cycle progression from the G1-phase into the S-phase and cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor FCN-437","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor FCN-437","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin-dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitor FCN-437","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCN 437","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCN-437","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCN-437c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCN437","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C138165":{"preferredName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor G1T38","code":"C138165","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor G1T38 selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of both cell cycle progression from the G1-phase into the S-phase and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor G1T38","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor G1T38","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1T38","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525730"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790539"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790539"}]}}{"C125899":{"preferredName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor SHR6390","code":"C125899","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor SHR6390 selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6). This inhibits retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation early in the G1 phase, which prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of cell cycle progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor SHR6390","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR6390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504548"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778742"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778742"}]}}{"C155652":{"preferredName":"CDK7 Inhibitor CT7001","code":"C155652","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CT7001 selectively and competitively binds to the CDK7 ATP binding site, thereby inhibiting CDK7-mediated signaling. CDK7, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a role in controlling cell cycle progression, transcriptional regulation, and promotes the expression of key oncogenes such as c-Myc through the phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II. Inhibition of CDK7 may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in certain cancers that are dependent on CDK7-mediated transcriptional regulation and signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK7 Inhibitor CT7001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT 7001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-7001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT7001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556268"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794642"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794642"}]}}{"C139552":{"preferredName":"CDK7 Inhibitor SY-1365","code":"C139552","definitions":[{"description":"A selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SY-1365 binds to and inhibits CDK7, thereby inhibiting CDK7-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits cell growth of CDK7-overexpressing tumor cells. CDK7, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a key role in cell proliferation; CDK7 is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK7 Inhibitor SY-1365","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDK7 Inhibitor SY-1365","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SY-1365","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SY1365","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526907"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C153377":{"preferredName":"CDK9 Inhibitor AZD4573","code":"C153377","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 4573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-4573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD4573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK9 Inhibitor AZD4573","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554533"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793903"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793903"}]}}{"C131129":{"preferredName":"CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM Vaccine CV301","code":"C131129","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer prime/boost vaccine-based immunotherapeutic consisting of a prime, which is comprised of a proprietary version of the recombinant vaccinia viral vector, modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) and a recombinant fowlpox viral vector, used for the boosts, encoding both the two tumor-associated antigens (TAA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and mucin-1 (MUC-1), and TRICOM, which is comprised of three immune-enhancing co-stimulatory molecules, B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The administration of the vaccinia priming dose is followed by multiple boosting doses of the fowlpox vector. CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM Vaccine CV301 may enhance presentation of CEA and MUC-1 to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and may activate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA- and MUC-1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, CV301 upregulates the expression of PD-L1 due to CTL-mediated tumor attack; additionally, when combined with a PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor, the antitumor effect may be increased. CEA and MUC-1 are overexpressed in certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV301-V/F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVAC-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-BN/Fowlpox-CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANVAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513447"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787798"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787798"}]}}{"C159892":{"preferredName":"CEA-targeting Agent RG6123","code":"C159892","definitions":[{"description":"An agent targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CEA-targeting agent RG6123 targets and binds to human CEA that is specifically expressed on certain tumor cells. This may, through an as of yet not elucidated mechanism of action, kill CEA-expressing tumor cells. CEA is overexpressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEA-targeting Agent RG6123","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CEA-targeting Agent RG6123","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 6123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-6123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7172508","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-7172508","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7172508","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797964"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797964"}]}}{"C126800":{"preferredName":"CEBPA-targeting saRNA MTL-CEBPA Liposome","code":"C126800","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid-based nanoparticle formulation composed of liposomes encapsulating a small oligonucleotide encoding a small activating RNA (saRNA) targeting the CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPA; C/EBP-a) gene, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action through which saRNAs exert their effect(s) is still largely being investigated, it appears that, upon administration, the CEBPA-targeting saRNA MTL-CEBPA liposome targets and binds to a specific DNA regulatory target region, most likely the promoter region, for the CEBPA gene. This restores CEBPA gene transcription, and increases both CEBPA mRNA levels and protein expression. This in turn activates the expression of tumor suppressor genes and may halt proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. Specifically, upregulation of CEBPA in liver cells abrogates liver cancer cell proliferation, thereby prevents liver failure and normalizes liver function. CEBPA, a transcription factor that plays a key role in the regulation of the expression of genes with many functions, including those involved in cellular proliferation, metastasis and normal hepatocyte function, is found in many tissues, including liver cells, adipose tissue and myeloid cells. CEBPA is downregulated in certain types of cancer cells, such as liver cancer cells. saRNA is a short, double-stranded RNA that is structurally related to siRNAs; saRNA is most likely to bind to a target site on the promoter of the CEBPA gene and upregulates its gene expression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEBPA-targeting saRNA MTL-CEBPA Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTL-501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTL-CEBPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507895"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780224"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780224"}]}}{"C91080":{"preferredName":"CENP-E Inhibitor GSK-923295","code":"C91080","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of the mitotic kinesin centromere-associated protein E (CENP-E), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GSK-923295 binds to and inhibits CENP-E, thereby preventing cell division, inducing cell cycle arrest, and ultimately leading to an inhibition of cell proliferation. CENP-E, a kinetochore-associated mitotic kinesin, plays an essential role in chromosome movement during mitosis and regulates cell-cycle transition from metaphase to anaphase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CENP-E Inhibitor GSK-923295","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CENP-E Inhibitor GSK-923295","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Centromere-Associated Protein E Inhibitor GSK-923295","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-923295","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376164"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"562003"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"562003"}]}}{"C79867":{"preferredName":"CHK1 Inhibitor MK-8776","code":"C79867","definitions":[{"description":"An agent targeting cell cycle checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) with potential radiosensitization and chemosensitization activities. Chk1 inhibitor MK-8776 specifically binds to and inhibits Chk1, which may result in tumor cells bypassing Chk1-dependent cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases to undergo DNA repair prior to entry into mitosis; tumor cells may thus be sensitized to the DNA-damaging effects of ionizing radiation and alkylating chemotherapeutic agents. Chk1 is an ATP-dependent serine-threonine kinase that in response to DNA damage phosphorylates cdc25 phosphatases, resulting in inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation of CDK-cyclin complexes and cell cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-6-Bromo-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-5-(piperidin-3-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHK1 Inhibitor MK-8776","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CHK1 Inhibitor MK-8776","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8776","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MK8776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 900776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH-900776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703183"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"891494-63-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K2ZSF0992C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"624396"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"624396"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CHK1_Inhibitor_SCH_900776"}]}}{"C68820":{"preferredName":"CHK1 Inhibitor PF-477736","code":"C68820","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary compound targeting cell cycle checkpoint kinase 1 (chk1) with potential chemopotentiation activity. Chk1 inhibitor PF-477736 inhibits chk1, an ATP-dependent serine-threonine kinase that is a key component in the DNA replication-monitoring S/G2 checkpoint system. By overriding the last checkpoint defense against DNA damaging agent-induced lethal damage, chk1 inhibitor PF-477736 may potentiate the antitumor efficacy of various chemotherapeutic agents against tumor cells with intrinsic checkpoint defects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHK1 Inhibitor PF-477736","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CHK1 Inhibitor PF-477736","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-00477736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-477736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4049082"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539740"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539740"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CHK1_Inhibitor_PF-477736"}]}}{"C62598":{"preferredName":"CHP-NY-ESO-1 Peptide Vaccine IMF-001","code":"C62598","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide cancer vaccine containing nanoparticles of cholesteryl hydrophobized pullulan (CHP) complexed with the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 protein, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CHP-NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccine IMF-001 may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral and cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells expressing NY-ESO-1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The self-aggregating CHP, composed of a pullulan backbone and cholesterol branches, forms stable colloidal nanoparticles in water. NY-ESO-1, an antigen found in normal testis, is upregulated in various cancers, including bladder, breast, hepatocellular, melanoma, and prostate cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHP-NY-ESO-1 Peptide Vaccine IMF-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CHP-NY-ESO-1 Peptide Vaccine IMF-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholesteryl Pullulan-NY-ESO-1 Vaccine IMF-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMF-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831881"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489132"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489132"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CHP-NY-ESO-1_Peptide_Vaccine"}]}}{"C102849":{"preferredName":"CK2-targeting Synthetic Peptide CIGB-300","code":"C102849","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic peptide targeting the substrates of casein kinase 2 (CK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration and nucleolar localization, CK2-targeting synthetic peptide CIGB-300 binds to phosphoacceptor sites on the CK2 substrates, in particular the oncoprotein nucleophosmin (B23 or NPM1). This blocks the activation of B23 and induces apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cells. CK2, a protein kinase often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, appears to be correlated with malignant transformation, tumor growth and survival. Overexpression of B23 has been correlated with increased cellular growth and proliferation as well as inhibition of differentiation and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CIGB-300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CK2-targeting Synthetic Peptide CIGB-300","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P15-tat","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2605865"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737263"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737263"}]}}{"C1052":{"preferredName":"CL 246738","code":"C1052","definitions":[{"description":"An immunomodulator, 3,6-bis(2-piperidinoethoxy) acridine trihydrochloride, used in a phase I study for possible immunostimulatory effects in colorectal cancer. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,6-bis-(2-piperidinoethoxyl)acridine trihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL 246,738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL 246738","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0055843"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40443"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40443"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CL_246738"}]}}{"C129653":{"preferredName":"CSF-1R Inhibitor BLZ945","code":"C129653","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R; CSF1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. CSF1R inhibitor BLZ945 selectively binds to CSF1R expressed on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), blocks the activity of CSF1R, and inhibits CSF1R-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits the activity and proliferation of TAMs, and reprograms the immunosuppressive nature of existing TAMs. Altogether, this reduces TAM-mediated immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment, re-activates the immune system, and improves anti-tumor cell responses mediated by T-cells. CSF1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (cluster of differentiation 115), is a cell-surface receptor for its ligand, colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1); this receptor is overexpressed by TAMs in the tumor microenvironment, and plays a major role in both immune suppression and the induction of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-((2-(((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)amino)benzo[d]thiazol-6-yl)oxy)-N-methylpicolinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-[2((1R,2R)-2-Hydroxycyclohexylamino)-benzothiazol-6-yloxyl]-pyridine- 2-carboxylic Acid Methylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLZ 945","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLZ-945","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLZ945","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF-1R Inhibitor BLZ945","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3252423"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"953769-46-5"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784318"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784318"}]}}{"C136424":{"preferredName":"CSF1R Inhibitor DCC-3014","code":"C136424","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase receptor colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; C-FMS; CD115; M-CSFR), with potential antineoplastic, macrophage checkpoint-inhibitory and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, CSF1R inhibitor DCC-3014 targets and binds to CSF1R expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and osteoclasts and inhibits the binding of the CSF1R ligands colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and interleukin-34 (IL-34), to CSF1R. This prevents CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling in these cells. This blocks the production of inflammatory mediators by macrophages and monocytes and reduces inflammation. By blocking the recruitment to the tumor microenvironment and activity of CSF1R-dependent tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), DCC-3014 inhibits the immunomodulating activity by macrophages and enhances T-cell infiltration and antitumor T-cell immune responses, which inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. TAMs play key roles in the tumor microenvironment and allow for immune suppression; TAMs promote inflammation, tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasiveness and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CSF1R Inhibitor DCC-3014","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CSF1R Inhibitor DCC-3014","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCC 3014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCC-3014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCC3014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523727"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789223"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789223"}]}}{"C129688":{"preferredName":"CSF1R Inhibitor PLX73086","code":"C129688","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CSF1R inhibitor PLX73086 targets and binds to CSF1R, thereby blocking CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling. This inhibits the activity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor tissue and prevents TAM-related tumor cell growth. CSF1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (cluster of differentiation 115), is a cell-surface receptor for its ligand colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) and plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AC-708","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC708","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF1R Inhibitor PLX73086","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CSF1R Inhibitor PLX73086","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX7 3086","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX73086","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507868"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C1729":{"preferredName":"CT2584 HMS","code":"C1729","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may prevent the growth of blood vessels from surrounding tissue into a solid tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A lipid metabolism modulator which may inhibit angiogenesis, thereby possibly having antitumor activity. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(11-(dodecylamino)-10-hydroxyundecyl)-3,7-dihydro-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-(11-Dodecylamino-10-Hydroxyundecyl)-3,7-Dimethylxanthine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-2584","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CT-2584","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-2584 HMS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT2584 HMS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0539091"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"166981-13-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42509"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42509"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CT2584_HMS"}]}}{"C146765":{"preferredName":"CTLA-4-directed Probody BMS-986249","code":"C146765","definitions":[{"description":"A probody composed of ipilimumab, a recombinant human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), linked to a proprietary masking peptide that covers the active antigen-binding site of the antibody through a protease-cleavable linker, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of CTLA-4-directed probody BMS-986249, the masking peptide is cleaved by tumor-associated proteases upon extravasation into the tumor microenvironment (TME). Protease-mediated removal of the linker enables binding of the unmasked monoclonal antibody moiety to CTLA-4, which is expressed on certain T-cells. This inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation, and leads to both activation of tumor infiltrating T-effector cells and a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated effector T-cells (Teffs) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs), plays a key role in the inhibition of T-cell activity and downregulation of the immune system. The peptide masking of BMS-986249 minimizes binding to CTLA-4 in normal tissues and may reduce systemic toxicity, when compared to ipilimumab. Tumor-associated proteases are present in high concentrations and aberrantly activated in the TME.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS 986249","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986249","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986249","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTLA-4 Probody BMS-986249","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTLA-4-directed Probody BMS-986249","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CTLA-4-directed Probody BMS-986249","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protease-activated Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody Prodrug BMS-986249","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544788"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C123383":{"preferredName":"CXC Chemokine Receptor 2 Antagonist AZD5069","code":"C123383","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective and reversible antagonist of CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CXC chemokine receptor 2 antagonist AZD5069 directly binds to CXCR2 and inhibits its activation. This inhibits CXCR2-mediated signaling and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in CXCR2-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, AZD5069 reduces both neutrophil recruitment and migration from the systemic circulation into sites of inflammation, including the lung mucosa; it may also prevent neutrophil migration from the bone marrow. This results in the reduction of inflammation, mucus production, and neutrophil proteinase-mediated tissue destruction in the lung. CXCR2, a G protein-coupled receptor protein also known as IL-8 receptor B (IL-8RB), is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and progression; it is known to be elevated in several inflammatory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and fibrotic pulmonary disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD5069","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CXC Chemokine Receptor 2 Antagonist AZD5069","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CXC Chemokine Receptor 2 Antagonist AZD5069","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CXCR2 Antagonist AZD5069","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4045791"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774892"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774892"}]}}{"C150389":{"preferredName":"CXCR1/2 Inhibitor SX-682","code":"C150389","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective and reversible antagonist of C-X-C motif chemokine receptors 1 (CXCR1) and 2 (CXCR2), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration CXCR1/2 inhibitor SX-682 selectively and allosterically binds to CXCR 1 and 2 and inhibits their activation by tumor-secreted chemokines. This inhibits CXCR1/2-mediated signaling, reduces both recruitment and migration of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment (TME), inhibits inflammatory processes and abrogates the immunosuppressive-induced nature of the TME. This allows effector cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), to kill and eliminate cancer cells. This inhibits tumor cell migration, metastasis, angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. CXCR1 and 2, G protein-coupled receptor proteins located on myeloid cells and certain tumor cells, play key roles in the immunosuppressive nature of the TME, tumor metastasis, therapy-resistance and myeloid cell suppression. They play a key role in inflammation and their expression is elevated in several inflammatory-driven diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2-(((5-((4-Fluorophenyl)carbamoyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)thio)methyl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)boronic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CXCR1/2 Inhibitor SX-682","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SX 682","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SX-682","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SX682","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552163"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1648843-04-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792795"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792795"}]}}{"C153151":{"preferredName":"CXCR2 Antagonist QBM076","code":"C153151","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule antagonist of the G protein-coupled receptor, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, QBM076 binds to and inhibits the activation of CXCR2, resulting in reduced neutrophil recruitment, myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) accumulation, and may potentially slow tumorigenesis and metastatic processes. CXCR2 is upregulated in a variety of cancer types, predominately in neutrophils/MDSCs rather than tumor cells, and is thought to contribute to tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CXCR2 Antagonist QBM076","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CXCR2 Antagonist QBM076","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QBM 076","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QBM-076","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QBM076","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554404"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793940"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793940"}]}}{"C88309":{"preferredName":"CXCR4 Antagonist BL-8040","code":"C88309","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) with potential antineoplastic activity. CXCR4 antagonist BL-8040 selectively binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, preventing the binding of stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration. In addition, inhibition of CXCR4 may induce mobilization of hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow into blood. The G protein-coupled receptor CXCR4 plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types; SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction induces retention of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BKT140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL-8040","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CXCR4 Antagonist BL-8040","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CXCR4 Antagonist BL-8040","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981825"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659935"}]}}{"C131534":{"preferredName":"CXCR4 Antagonist USL311","code":"C131534","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, USL311 binds to CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal-cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to CXCR4 and inhibiting CXCR4 activation, which may result in decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-expressing tumor cells. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis, and is upregulated in several tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CXCR4 Antagonist USL311","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CXCR4 Antagonist USL311","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CXCR4 Inhibitor USL311","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"USL 311","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"USL311","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514455"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786185"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786185"}]}}{"C74022":{"preferredName":"CXCR4 Inhibitor Q-122","code":"C74022","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXCR4 with potential antineoplastic and antiviral activities. CXCR4 inhibitor MSX-122 binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, preventing the binding of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) to the CXCR4 receptor and receptor activation, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the GPCR (G protein-coupled receptor) gene family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types; it is also a co-receptor for HIV entry into T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CXCR4 Inhibitor Q-122","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CXCR4 Inhibitor Q-122","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSX-122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Q 122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Q-122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Q122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347544"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C106253":{"preferredName":"CXCR4 Peptide Antagonist LY2510924","code":"C106253","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, CXCR4 inhibitor LY2510924 binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, thereby preventing CXCR4 binding to its ligand, stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1), and subsequent receptor activation. This may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) gene family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CXCR4 Peptide Antagonist LY2510924","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CXCR4 Peptide Antagonist LY2510924","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2510924","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827103"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703819"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703819"}]}}{"C95716":{"preferredName":"CYL-02 Plasmid DNA","code":"C95716","definitions":[{"description":"A gene transfer preparation of a plasmid DNA encoding mouse somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (sst2) and a fusion protein of human deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) and uridine monophosphate kinase (UMK), complexed to a synthetic polycationic carrier, polyethylenimine, with antineoplastic adjuvant application. Upon administration, CYL-02 plasmid DNA expresses DCK::UMK fusion protein that converts gemcitabine into its toxic phosphorylated metabolite. Expression of sst2 protein by this agent could induce both antioncogenic and local antitumor bystander effects. A loss of sst2 gene expression often is found in pancreatic and colorectal cancers, and is the receptor for somatostatin which negatively regulates a number of processes such as epithelial cell proliferation. Combination effects of these gene products allows for less chemotherapy to cause tumor cell lysis in not only the original tumor, but in distant tumors as well.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYL-02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYL-02 Plasmid DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428180"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693517"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693517"}]}}{"C156744":{"preferredName":"CYP11A1 inhibitor ODM-208","code":"C156744","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, non-steroidal, selective inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome 450 side-chain cleavage (scc) (CYP11A1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CYP11A1 inhibitor ODM-208 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CYP11A1. This prevents the synthesis of all steroid hormones and their precursors. This may inhibit proliferation of hormone-positive tumor cells. CYP11A1, a mitochondrial enzyme, catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone (Preg), which is the first rate-liming step in steroid hormone biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYP11A1 inhibitor ODM-208","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM 208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM-208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935891"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795704"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795704"}]}}{"C102855":{"preferredName":"CYP17 Inhibitor CFG920","code":"C102855","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/C17,20 lyase (CYP17A1 or CYP17), with potential antiandrogen and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CYP17 inhibitor CFG920 inhibits the enzymatic activity of CYP17A1 in both the testes and adrenal glands, thereby inhibiting androgen production. This may decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling and may inhibit cell proliferation of androgen-dependent tumor cells. The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17A1, localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, exhibits both 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities, and plays a key role in the steroidogenic pathway that produces steroidal hormones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CFG920","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYP17 Inhibitor CFG920","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CYP17 Inhibitor CFG920","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437136"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737730"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737730"}]}}{"C120310":{"preferredName":"CYP17 Lyase Inhibitor ASN001","code":"C120310","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available non-steroidal, lyase-selective inhibitor of the steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/C17,20 lyase (CYP17A1 or CYP17), with potential anti-androgenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CYP17 lyase inhibitor ASN001 selectively binds to and inhibits the lyase activity of CYP17A1 in both the testes and adrenal glands, resulting in a significant reduction in androgen production to castrate-range levels. This may both decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling and inhibit the proliferation of androgen-dependent tumor cells. The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17A1, which is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, exhibits both 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities; it plays a key role in the steroidogenic pathway. The selective inhibition of CYP17A1 lyase activity by ASN001 prevents the increased synthesis of mineralocorticoids that is normally seen with non-selective CYP17 inhibitors, which also inhibit the 17-alpha-hydroxylase activity of CYP17A1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASN001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYP17 Lyase Inhibitor ASN001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CYP17 Lyase Inhibitor ASN001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896913"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768724"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768724"}]}}{"C120304":{"preferredName":"CYP17/Androgen Receptor Inhibitor ODM 204","code":"C120304","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of both the steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/C17,20 lyase (CYP17A1 or CYP17) and androgen receptor (AR), with potential anti-androgen and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CYP17/AR inhibitor ODM 204 selectively inhibits the enzymatic activity of CYP17A1 in both the testes and adrenal glands, thereby inhibiting androgen production. This may both decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling and inhibit the proliferation of androgen-dependent tumor cells. In addition, ODM 204 binds to ARs in target tissues and inhibits androgen-induced receptor activation and AR nuclear translocation, which prevents the binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes. This leads to an inhibition of growth in AR-expressing prostate cancer cells. The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17A1, which is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, exhibits both 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYP17/Androgen Receptor Inhibitor ODM 204","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM 204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM-204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896798"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768588"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768588"}]}}{"C66937":{"preferredName":"Cabazitaxel","code":"C66937","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used with prednisone to treat hormone-resistant prostate cancer that has spread and that had been treated with docetaxel. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Cabazitaxel blocks cell growth by stopping cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semi-synthetic derivative of the natural taxoid 10-deacetylbaccatin III with potential antineoplastic activity. Cabazitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, resulting in the inhibition of microtubule depolymerization and cell division, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Unlike other taxane compounds, this agent is a poor substrate for the membrane-associated, multidrug resistance (MDR), P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump and may be useful for treating multidrug-resistant tumors. In addition, cabazitaxel penetrates the blood-brain barrier (BBB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-hydroxy-7beta,10beta-dimethoxy-9-oxo-5beta,20-epoxytax-11-ene-2alpha,4,13alpha-triyl 4-acetate 2-benzoate 13-[(2R,3S)-3-{[(tertbutoxy)carbonyl]amino}-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CABAZITAXEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cabazitaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cabazitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jevtana","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Jevtana","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RPR-116258A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxoid XRP6258","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XRP-6258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cabazitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"taxoid XRP6258","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830183"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"183133-96-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"51F690397J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"534131"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"534131"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C45H57NO14"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"XRP6258"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63584"}]}}{"C123831":{"preferredName":"Cabiralizumab","code":"C123831","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tyrosine kinase receptor colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R), also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (cluster of differentiation 115), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CSF1R monoclonal antibody FPA008 binds to CSF1R expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and osteoclasts and inhibits the binding of the CSF1R ligands colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and interleukin-34 (IL-34), to CSF1R. This prevents CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling in these cells. This blocks the production of inflammatory mediators by macrophages and monocytes and reduces inflammation. By blocking the recruitment to the tumor microenvironment and activity of CSF1R-dependent tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), FPA008 enhances T-cell infiltration and antitumor T-cell immune responses, which inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. Additionally, FPA008 prevents the activation of osteoclasts and blocks bone destruction. TAMs play key roles in immune suppression and promoting inflammation, tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CSF1R FPA008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986227","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CABIRALIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cabiralizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cabiralizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPA 008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPA-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPA008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498224"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1613144-80-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5FJL6W0640"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775874"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775874"}]}}{"C52200":{"preferredName":"Cabozantinib","code":"C52200","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Cabozantinib strongly binds to and inhibits several RTKs, which are often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, including hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET), RET (rearranged during transfection), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor types 1 (VEGFR-1), 2 (VEGFR-2), and 3 (VEGFR-3), mast/stem cell growth factor (KIT), FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT-3), TIE-2 (TEK tyrosine kinase, endothelial), tropomyosin-related kinase B (TRKB) and AXL. This may result in an inhibition of both tumor growth and angiogenesis, and eventually lead to tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-Cyclopropanedicarboxamide, N'-[4-[(6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolinyl)oxy]phenyl]-N-(4- fluorophenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CABOZANTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cabozantinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cabozantinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-{4-[(6,7-dimethoxyquinolin-4-yl)oxy]phenyl}-N'-(4-fluorophenyl)cyclopropane-1,1- dicarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3181682"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"849217-68-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1C39JW444G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H24FN3O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"XL184"}]}}{"C97938":{"preferredName":"Cabozantinib S-malate","code":"C97938","definitions":[{"description":"The s-malate salt form of cabozantinib, an orally bioavailable, small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Cabozantinib strongly binds to and inhibits several RTKs, which are often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, including hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET), RET (rearranged during transfection), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor types 1 (VEGFR-1), 2 (VEGFR-2), and 3 (VEGFR-3), mast/stem cell growth factor (KIT), FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT-3), TIE-2 (TEK tyrosine kinase, endothelial), tropomyosin-related kinase B (TRKB) and AXL. This may result in an inhibition of both tumor growth and angiogenesis, and eventually lead to tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-907351","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanedioic acid, 2-hydroxy-, (2S)-, compd. with N-[4-[(6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolinyl)oxy]phenyl]-N'-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,1-cyclopropanedicarboxamide (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CABOZANTINIB S-MALATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cabometyx","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cabozantinib S-malate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cabozantinib S-malate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cometriq","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3468008"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1140909-48-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC); hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DR7ST46X58"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"461103"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"461103"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H24FN3O5.C4H6O5"}]}}{"C1032":{"preferredName":"Cactinomycin","code":"C1032","definitions":[{"description":"A chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces chrysomallus. Cactinomycin binds to DNA by intercalating between guanine and cytosine, forming stable antibiotic-DNA complexes that inhibit RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTINOMYCIN C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Actinomycin C","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CACTINOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cactinomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cactinomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"18268"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054404"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"8052-16-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0OCC969V50"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cactinomycin"}]}}{"C63756":{"preferredName":"Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester","code":"C63756","definitions":[{"description":"The phenethyl alcohol ester of caffeic acid and a bioactive component of honeybee hive propolis, with antineoplastic, cytoprotective and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) inhibits the activation of nuclear transcription factor NF-kappa B and may suppress p70S6K and Akt-driven signaling pathways. In addition, CAPE inhibits PDGF-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells through the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha and subsequent induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Phenylethyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic Acid, 2-Phenylethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAFFEIC ACID PHENETHYL ESTER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CAPE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054434"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"104594-70-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G960R9S5SK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H16O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Caffeic_Acid_Phenethyl_Ester"}]}}{"C78198":{"preferredName":"Calaspargase Pegol-mknl","code":"C78198","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is a form of the anticancer drug PEG-asparaginase that stays in the body longer. EZN-2285 is an enzyme that breaks down the amino acid asparagine and may block the growth of tumor cells that need asparagine to grow. It is a type of protein synthesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An intravenous formulation containing E.coli-derived L-asparaginase II conjugated with succinimidyl carbonate monomethoxypolyethylene glycol (SC-PEG), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of calaspargase pegol-mknl L-asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia, thereby depleting cells of asparagine; asparagine depletion blocks protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation, especially in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and ultimately induces tumor cell death. Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells which, unlike normal cells, cannot synthesize this amino acid due to the absence of the enzyme asparagine synthase. Pegylation decreases enzyme antigenicity and increases its half life. SC is used as a PEG linker to facilitate attachment to asparaginase and enhances the stability of the formulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Asparaginase (Escherichia coli Isoenzyme II), Conjugate with alpha-(((2,5-Dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)oxy)carbonyl)-omega-methoxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asparlas","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CALASPARGASE PEGOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Calaspargase Pegol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Calaspargase Pegol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calaspargase Pegol-mknl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EZN-2285","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"EZN-2285","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-PEG E. Coli L-Asparaginase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-PEG E. coli L-asparaginase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Succinimidyl Carbonate Monomethoxypolyethylene Glycol E. coli L-Asparaginase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699709"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"941577-06-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T9FVH03HMZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595298"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595298"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Succinimidyl_Carbonate_Monomethoxypolyethylene_Glycol_E_Coli_L-Asparaginase"}]}}{"C330":{"preferredName":"Calcitriol","code":"C330","definitions":[{"description":"The active form of vitamin D. Calcitriol is formed in the kidneys or made in the laboratory. It is used as a drug to increase calcium levels in the body in order to treat skeletal and tissue-related calcium deficiencies caused by kidney or thyroid disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic physiologically-active analog of vitamin D, specifically the vitamin D3 form. Calcitriol regulates calcium in vivo by promoting absorption in the intestine, reabsorption in the kidneys, and, along with parathyroid hormone, regulation of bone growth. A calcitriol receptor-binding protein appears to exist in the mucosa of human intestine. Calcitriol also induces cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, cell differentiation, and apoptosis, resulting in inhibition of proliferation of some tumor cell types. This agent may be chemopreventive for colon and prostate cancers. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1alpha,3beta,5Z,7E)-9,10-Secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene-1,3,25-triol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,25(OH)2-D3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,25-DHCC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,25-Dihydroxycholecaliferol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CALCITRIOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Calcijex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcitriol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Calcitriol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Calcitriol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rocaltrol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"calcitriol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006674"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"32222-06-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hyperparathyroidism; Hypocalcemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FXC9231JVH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41919"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41919"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H44O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Calcitriol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17823"}]}}{"C136828":{"preferredName":"Calcium Release-activated Channels Inhibitor RP4010","code":"C136828","definitions":[{"description":"A calcium (Ca2+) release-activated channel (CRAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, RP4010 binds to and inhibits CRACs, thereby preventing the transport of extracellular Ca2+ into the cell and inhibiting the subsequent activation of Ca2+-mediated signaling and transcription of target genes. CRACs, specialized plasma membrane Ca2+ ion channels composed of the plasma membrane based Orai channels and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stromal interaction molecules (STIMs), play key roles in calcium homeostasis and are over-activated in a number of cancer cell types. Aberrant activation of CRACs leads to increased cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRAC Inhibitor RP4010","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium Release-activated Channels Inhibitor RP4010","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Calcium Release-activated Channels Inhibitor RP4010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP 4010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP-4010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP4010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524660"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790238"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790238"}]}}{"C335":{"preferredName":"Calcium Saccharate","code":"C335","definitions":[{"description":"The calcium salt form of glucaric acid, a natural substance found in many fruits and vegetables, with potential anti-cancer property. One of the key processes in which the human body eliminates toxic chemicals as well as hormones (such as estrogen) is by attaching glucuronic acid to them in the liver and then excreting the complex in the bile. When beta-glucuronidase breaks the bond, it prolongs the stay of the hormone or toxic chemical in the body. Elevated beta-glucuronidase activity has been implicated to be associated with an increased risk for hormone-dependent cancers like breast, prostate, and colon cancers. Therefore, supplementing calcium glucarate may suppress the developments of hormone-dependent cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-1,6- dioxido-hexane-1,6-dione, Calcium","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antacidin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CALCIUM SACCHARATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CGT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium D-Glucarate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium D-Saccharate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium Glucarate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium Saccharate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Calcium Saccharate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Glucaric Acid, Calcium Salt (1:1)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Saccharated Lime","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"122011"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771997"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5793-89-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6AP9J91K4V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41803"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41803"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H8O8.Ca.4H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Calcium_Glucarate"}]}}{"C121642":{"preferredName":"Calculus bovis/Moschus/Olibanum/Myrrha Capsule","code":"C121642","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based capsule formulation containing Calculus bovis, the dried gallstones of cattle, Moschus, also referred to as deer musk, the resin Olibanum and the resin Myrrha, with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Although the exact mechanisms of action through which the active ingredients in the Calculus bovis/Moschus/Olibanum/Myrrha capsule elicit their effects have yet to be fully elucidated, they may, upon intake, exert their antineoplastic activity through modulation of the immune system, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Calculus bovis/Moschus/Olibanum/Myrrha Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wangbang Pharmaceutical Xihuang Capsule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XHP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xihuang Capsule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053490"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770710"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770710"}]}}{"C1035":{"preferredName":"Calicheamicin Gamma 1I","code":"C1035","definitions":[{"description":"An oligosaccharide enediyne antitumor antibiotic isolated from Micromonospora echinospora ssp. Calichensis. Calicheamicin Gamma 1I binds to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in site-specific double-strand breaks and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Calicheamicin Gamma 1I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054506"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Calicheamicin_Gamma_1I"}]}}{"C338":{"preferredName":"Camptothecin","code":"C338","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called topoisomerase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, with antineoplastic activity. During the S phase of the cell cycle, camptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-Camptothecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(+)-Camptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(S)-4-ethyl-4-hydroxy-1H-pyrano-[3',4':6,7]indolozino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14(4H,12H)-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1H-Pyrano[3',3'.6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14(4H,12H)-dione, 4-ethyl-4hydroxy-(S)-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"20(S)-Camptothecine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"20-(S)-camptothecine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"21, 22-Secocamptothecin-21-oic acid lactone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"21, 22-secocamptothecin-21-oic acid lactone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAMPTOTHECIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Camptothecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"camptothecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"camptothecine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"94600"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006812"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7689-03-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XT3Z54Z28A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39173"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39173"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H16N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Camptothecin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27656"}]}}{"C80047":{"preferredName":"Camptothecin Analogue TLC388","code":"C80047","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic analogue of camptothecin with potential antineoplastic and radio-sensitizing activities. Camptothecin analogue TLC388 selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S-phase, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. Topoisomerase I relaxes negative super-coiled DNA during replication and transcription. This agent has been chemically modified to enhance the potency and stability of camptothecin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Camptothecin Analogue TLC388","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Camptothecin Analogue TLC388","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipotecan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLC388","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703206"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615096"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615096"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Camptothecin_Analogue_TLC388"}]}}{"C1886":{"preferredName":"Camptothecin Glycoconjugate BAY 38-3441","code":"C1886","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called camptothecins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A water-soluble camptothecin derivative conjugated to a carbohydrate moiety exhibiting antineoplastic activity. BAY 56-3722 stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex and forms an enzyme-drug-DNA ternary complex. As a consequence of the formation of this complex, both the initial cleavage reaction and religation steps are inhibited and subsequent collision of the replication fork with the cleaved strand of DNA results in inhibition of DNA replication, double strand DNA breakage and triggering of apoptosis. The peptide carbohydrate moiety of this agent stabilizes the lactone form of camptothecin in blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 38-3441","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 56-3722","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BAY 56-3722","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY56-3722","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptothecin Glycoconjugate BAY 38-3441","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1101785"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38705"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BAY_56-3722"}]}}{"C2344":{"preferredName":"Camptothecin Sodium","code":"C2344","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of camptothecin, an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, with antineoplastic activity. During the S phase of the cell cycle, camptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. The sodium salt of camptothecin is more water-soluble than the parent molecule. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Camptothecin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptothecin Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptothecin sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Camptothecin, sodium salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sodium camptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"100880"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1516156"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Camptothecin_Sodium"}]}}{"C84857":{"preferredName":"Camptothecin-20(S)-O-Propionate Hydrate","code":"C84857","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrated, crystalline propionate ester (attached in position C-20) prodrug of camptothecin, an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon entry into cells, camptothecin-20(S)-O-propionate is hydrolyzed by esterases into the active form camptothecin. Camptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery, thus inhibiting DNA replication and triggering apoptotic cell death. Camptothecin readily undergoes hydrolysis at physiological pH, changing its conformation from the active, S-configured lactone structure to an inactive carboxylate form. The ester chain in the vicinity of the S-configured lactone moiety, a key determinant for the chemotherapeutic efficacy of the camptothecins, inhibits protein binding, rendering this agent resistant to hydrolysis and prolonging its half-life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CZ48","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptothecin-20(S)-O-Propionate Hydrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Camptothecin-20(S)-O-Propionate Hydrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412415"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651549"}]}}{"C123816":{"preferredName":"Camrelizumab","code":"C123816","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1, PCD-1,) with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody SHR-1210 binds to and blocks the binding of PD-1, expressed on activated T-lymphocytes, B-cells and natural killer (NK) cells, to its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), overexpressed on certain cancer cells, and programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2), which is primarily expressed on antigen presenting cells (APCs). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This restores immune function through the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells or pathogens. Activated PD-1 negatively regulates T-cell activation and plays a key role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAMRELIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Camrelizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HR-301210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-1210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR1210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498210"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"73096E137E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775449"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775449"}]}}{"C78863":{"preferredName":"Camsirubicin","code":"C78863","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic non-cardiotoxic analogue of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Camsirubicin intercalates DNA and impedes the activity of topoisomerase II, inducing single and double-stranded breaks in DNA; inhibiting DNA replication and/or repair, transcription, and protein synthesis; and activating tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Imino-13-deoxydoxoubicin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAMSIRUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Camsirubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Camsirubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GPX-150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GPX150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698125"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VI79RD8VNN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601485"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601485"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anthracycline_Analogue_GPX-150"}]}}{"C1775":{"preferredName":"Cancell","code":"C1775","definitions":[{"description":"A liquid that has been promoted as a treatment for a wide range of diseases, including cancer. The ingredients thought to be in Cancell have been tested, and none of them has been shown to be effective in treating any form of cancer. Cancell is not available in the United States.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Cancell (Entelev or Cantron), is a liquid that has been produced in various forms, principally by two manufacturers, since the late 1930s. The exact composition of Cancell/Entelev is unknown, but the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has listed the components as inositol, nitric acid, sodium sulfite, potassium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, and catechol. NCI studies determined that the mixture lacked substantial antitumor activity. (from CancerNet)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"126-F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cancell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cancell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cancell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cantron","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Entelev","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JS-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"JS-114","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Jim's Juice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Protocel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Sheridan's Formula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"637907"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0656937"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257610"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257610"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cancell"}]}}{"C121776":{"preferredName":"Cancer Peptide Vaccine S-588410","code":"C121776","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer peptide vaccine containing five human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*2402-restricted epitope peptides derived from as of yet not disclosed oncoantigens, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the cancer peptide vaccine S-588410, the peptides may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing the antigens. This decreases proliferation of susceptible tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Peptide Vaccine S-588410","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-588410","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053593"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770997"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770997"}]}}{"C88318":{"preferredName":"Canerpaturev","code":"C88318","definitions":[{"description":"A non-engineered, naturally oncolytic, replication-competent spontaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) type I mutant variant. Upon intratumoral injection, canerpaturev transfects, replicates in, and lyses rapidly dividing cells such as tumor cells. In addition, this agent may increase host immune responses that may kill non-infected tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Canerpaturev","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Canerpaturev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HF10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSV1 HF10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 HF10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Msc 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TBI-1401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413628"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1662666-66-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660850"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660850"}]}}{"C1880":{"preferredName":"Canertinib Dihydrochloride","code":"C1880","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Canertinib blocks the action of proteins called epidermal growth factor receptors, and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an orally bio-available quinazoline with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. Canertinib binds to the intracellular domains of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (ErbB family), irreversibly inhibiting their signal transduction functions and resulting in tumor cell apoptosis and suppression of tumor cell proliferation. This agent also acts as a radiosensitizing agent and displays synergistic activity with other chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CANERTINIB DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CI-1033","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CI-1033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Canertinib Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Canertinib Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[-4-[(3-Chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]-7-[3-(4-morpholinyl)propoxy]-6-quinazolinyl]-2-propenamide Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"N-[-4-[(3-Chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]-7-[3-(4-morpholinyl)propoxy]-6-quinazolinyl]-2-propenamide Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-0183805-002B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD183805","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"canertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"canertinib dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707132"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"289499-45-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ICJ93X8X90"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38403"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38403"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H25ClFN5O3.2HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CI-1033"}]}}{"C83581":{"preferredName":"Canfosfamide","code":"C83581","definitions":[{"description":"A modified glutathione analogue and nitrogen mustard prodrug, with potential antineoplastic activity. Canfosfamide is selectively activated by glutathione S-transferase P1-1 into an alkylating metabolite that forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in tumor cell DNA, which may induce a cellular stress response and cytotoxicity, and decrease tumor cell proliferation. Glutathione S-transferase P1-1 is an enzyme that is overexpressed in many human malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2R)-L-gamma-Glutamyl-3-((2-((bis(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phosphinyl)oxy)ethyl)sulfonyl)-L-alanyl-2-phenylglycine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CANFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Canfosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ter 286","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0664315"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"158382-37-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1RS284BFUI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H40Cl4N5O10PS"}]}}{"C2641":{"preferredName":"Canfosfamide Hydrochloride","code":"C2641","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called glutathione analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a modified glutathione analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Canfosfamide is selectively activated by glutathione S-transferase P1-1 into an alkylating metabolite that forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in tumor cell DNA, which may induce a cellular stress response and cytotoxicity, and decrease tumor proliferation. S-transferase P1-1 is an enzyme that is overexpressed in many human malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CANFOSFAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Canfosfamide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Canfosfamide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLK286","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TLK286","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telcyta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Telcyta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"canfosfamide hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1258106"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"439943-59-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1LI341K7NQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38367"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38367"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H40Cl4N5O10PS.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"TLK286"}]}}{"C118452":{"preferredName":"Cannabidiol","code":"C118452","definitions":[{"description":"A phytocannabinoid derived from Cannabis species, which is devoid of psychoactive activity, with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Upon administration, cannabidiol (CBD) exerts its anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic activity through various mechanisms, which likely do not involve signaling by cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), CB2, or vanilloid receptor 1. CBD stimulates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inhibits AKT/mTOR signaling, thereby activating autophagy and promoting apoptosis. In addition, CBD enhances the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which further enhances apoptosis. This agent also upregulates the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP1) and decreases the expression of inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID-1). This inhibits cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis. CBD may also activate the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 2 (TRPV2), which may increase the uptake of various cytotoxic agents in cancer cells. The analgesic effect of CBD is mediated through the binding of this agent to and activation of CB1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3-Benzenediol, 2-(3-methyl-6-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-, (1R-trans)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CANNABIDIOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CBD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBD Oil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cannabidiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GWP42003-P","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006863"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"19GBJ60SN5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765192"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765192"}]}}{"C159719":{"preferredName":"Cantrixil","code":"C159719","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclodextrin-encapsulated, third generation super-benzopyran (SBP) compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal (IP) administration, cantrixil enhances the activation and expression of c-Jun, downregulates phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) and induces activation of caspase-3, -7 and -9, thereby inducing tumor cell apoptosis. c-Jun, an activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor component, is involved in a wide range of cellular processes including cell cycle progression, differentiation, cell transformation and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CANTRIXIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cantrixil","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cantrixil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX E 002 1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX-E-002-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRXE0021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-4-(para-hydroxyphenyl)-7,4'-dihydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxy-8-methylisoflavan","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1803036-93-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5DVS457HEG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797919"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797919"}]}}{"C61576":{"preferredName":"Cantuzumab Ravtansine","code":"C61576","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It is made by linking the monoclonal antibody huC242 to a toxic substance called maytansinoid DM4. The monoclonal antibody binds to the surfaces of cancer cells and the maytansinoid DM4 enters the cells and blocks their growth. It is a type of immunotoxin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An immunotoxin of a humanized monoclonal antibody C242 (MoAb HuC242) conjugated to a derivative of the cytotoxic agent maytansine, DM4, with potential antitumor activity. Cantuzumab ravtansine is generated from MoAb C242, which is raised against a cell surface superantigen, CA242, found in a variety of human tumor cells. Upon binding and entry, the immunoconjugate releases the maytansinoid agent DM4, which binds to tubulin, thereby affecting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. As a result, this agent prevents cell division and reduces cell growth of cancer cells that express CA242.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CANTUZUMAB RAVTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cantuzumab Ravtansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cantuzumab Ravtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuC242-DM4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN242","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maytansinoid DM4-Conjugated Humanized Monoclonal Antibody huC242","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huC242-DM4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"maytansinoid DM4-conjugated humanized monoclonal antibody huC242","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831909"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"868747-45-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RNQ8JQ4R9P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492706"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492706"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HuC242-DM4"}]}}{"C1794":{"preferredName":"Capecitabine","code":"C1794","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat stage III colon cancer in patients who had surgery to remove the cancer. It is also used to treat metastatic breast cancer that has not improved after treatment with certain other anticancer drugs. Xeloda is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is taken up by cancer cells and breaks down into 5-fluorouracil, a substance that kills tumor cells. Xeloda is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fluoropyrimidine carbamate belonging to the class of antineoplastic agents called antimetabolites. As a prodrug, capecitabine is selectively activated by tumor cells to its cytotoxic moiety, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); subsequently, 5-FU is metabolized to two active metabolites, 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP) by both tumor cells and normal cells. FdUMP inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division by reducing normal thymidine production, while FUTP inhibits RNA and protein synthesis by competing with uridine triphosphate for incorporation into the RNA strand. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5'-Deoxy-5-fluoro-N-[(pentyloxy)carbonyl]-cytidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAPECITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Capecitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Capecitabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Capecitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 09-1978/000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xeloda","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Xeloda","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"capecitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"712807"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0671970"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154361-50-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; Colorectal cancer, Stage III colon cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6804DJ8Z9U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42852"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42852"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H22FN3O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Capecitabine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31348"}]}}{"C99629":{"preferredName":"Capecitabine Rapidly Disintegrating Tablet","code":"C99629","definitions":[{"description":"A rapidly disintegrating film-coated tablet composed of the fluoropyrimidine carbamate antimetabolite capecitabine with antineoplastic activity. As a prodrug, capecitabine is converted to 5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine (5'-DFCR) by hepatic carboxylesterase and then to 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR) by cytidine deaminase and is eventually activated by thymidine phosphorylase to its cytotoxic moiety, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); subsequently, 5-FU is metabolized to two active metabolites, 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP). FdUMP inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division by reducing normal thymidine triphosphate production, while FUTP inhibits RNA and protein synthesis by competing with uridine triphosphate for incorporation into the RNA strand. Capecitabine rapidly disintegrating tablet (RDT) contains the water insoluble, disintegrating agent crospovidone which very rapidly disperses and swells in water making this RDT easier to swallow than the traditional capecitabine tablet.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Capecitabine RDT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Capecitabine Rapidly Disintegrating Tablet","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433297"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721986"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721986"}]}}{"C102564":{"preferredName":"Capivasertib","code":"C102564","definitions":[{"description":"A novel pyrrolopyrimidine derivative, and an orally available inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Capivasertib binds to and inhibits all AKT isoforms. Inhibition of AKT prevents the phosphorylation of AKT substrates that mediate cellular processes, such as cell division, apoptosis, and glucose and fatty acid metabolism. A wide range of solid and hematological malignancies show dysregulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling due to mutations in multiple signaling components. By targeting AKT, the key node in the PIK3/AKT signaling network, this agent may be used as monotherapy or combination therapy for a variety of human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD5363","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAPIVASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Capivasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Capivasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3502775"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1143532-39-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WFR23M21IE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688304"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688304"}]}}{"C90564":{"preferredName":"Capmatinib","code":"C90564","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met (also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR)) with potential antineoplastic activity. Capmatinib selectively binds to c-Met, thereby inhibiting c-Met phosphorylation and disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Fluoro-N-methyl-4-(7-(quinolin-6-ylmethyl)imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazin-2-yl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAPMATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Capmatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Capmatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INC-280","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INC280","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 28060","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB028060","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB28060","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416248"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1029712-80-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TY34L4F9OZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666907"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666907"}]}}{"C340":{"preferredName":"Captopril","code":"C340","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat high blood pressure that is also being studied in the prevention of side effects caused by radiation therapy used in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called ACE inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sulfhydryl-containing analog of proline with antihypertensive activity and potential antineoplastic activity. Captopril competitively inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), thereby decreasing levels of angiotensin II, increasing plasma renin activity, and decreasing aldosterone secretion. This agent may also inhibit tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting endothelial cell matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and endothelial cell migration. Captopril may also exhibit antineoplastic activity independent of effects on tumor angiogenesis. 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Caracemide inhibits ribonuclease reductase, resulting in decreased DNA synthesis and tumor growth; it also inhibits acetylcholinesterase. In vivo, caracemide contributes to the formation of the neurotoxin methyl isocyanate; this effect, along with the agent's acetylcholinesterase activity, may be responsible for the severe central nervous system toxicity observed in clinical trials. 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Although the exact mechanism of action is unclear, carbendazim appears to binds to an unspecified site on tubulin and suppresses microtubule assembly dynamic. This results in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and an induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl-carbamic Acid, Methyl Ester","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamic Acid Methyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-(Methoxycarbonylamino)benzimidazole","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Benzimidazolecarcamic Acid Methyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Methyl benzimidazolecarbamate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BAS 3460","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BAS-3460","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAS-67054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bavistin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bavistin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARBENDAZIM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CTR 6669","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CTR-6669","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbendazim","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Carbendazim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbendazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Carbendazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Derosal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Derosal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FB642","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOE 17411","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"HOE-17411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl 2-Benzimidazolecarbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl 2-benzimidazolecarbamate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Methyl Benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl Carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl-2-benzimidazole Carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl-2-benzimidazolecarbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl-alpha-benzimidazole Carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carbendazim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"109874"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065839"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10605-21-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H75J14AA89"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43319"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43319"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H9N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Carbendazim"}]}}{"C1356":{"preferredName":"Carbetimer","code":"C1356","definitions":[{"description":"Carbetimer (carboxyimamidate) is a low molecular weight derivatized copolymer of ethylene and maleic anhydride. It has demonstrated antitumor activity against several animal models. It has calcium chelation activity but seems to inhibit growth of sensitive cells by disrupting nucleoside uptake and metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARBETIMER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carbetimer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-137","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NED-137","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carbethimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carboxyaminidate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0108454"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A678KM0M0N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40089"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40089"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Carbetimer"}]}}{"C1038":{"preferredName":"Carbogen","code":"C1038","definitions":[{"description":"An inhalant of oxygen and carbon dioxide that increases the sensitivity of tumor cells to the effects of radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inhalant consisting of hyperoxic gas (95%-98% oxygen and 2%-5% carbon dioxide) with radiosensitizing properties. Inhaled carbogen reduces diffusion-limited tumor hypoxia, increasing tumor radiosensitivity due to the increased availability of molecular oxygen for cytotoxic radiation-induced oxygen free radical production. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carbogen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carbogen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054692"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"8063-77-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"inhalation therapy to produce vasodilation."},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42043"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42043"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Carbogen"}]}}{"C1282":{"preferredName":"Carboplatin","code":"C1282","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat advanced ovarian cancer that has never been treated or symptoms of ovarian cancer that has come back after treatment with other anticancer drugs. It is also used with other drugs to treat advanced, metastatic, or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Paraplatin is a form of the anticancer drug cisplatin and causes fewer side effects in patients. It attaches to DNA in cells and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of platinum compound.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A second-generation platinum compound with a broad spectrum of antineoplastic properties. Carboplatin contains a platinum atom complexed with two ammonia groups and a cyclobutane-dicarboxyl residue. This agent is activated intracellularly to form reactive platinum complexes that bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA, thereby inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links. These carboplatin-induced DNA and protein effects result in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. This agent possesses tumoricidal activity similar to that of its parent compound, cisplatin, but is more stable and less toxic. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(SP-4-2)-diammine[1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato(2--)-O,O']platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid platinum complex","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blastocarb","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARBOPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CBDCA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CBDCA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboplat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboplatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carboplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboplatin Hexal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboplatino","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbosin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbosol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbotec","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-Diammine(cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylato)platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Displata","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ercar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JM-8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nealorin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Novoplatinum","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraplat","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Paraplatin","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraplatin AQ","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraplatine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinwas","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribocarbo","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carboplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cis-diammine(1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato) platinum(II)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-diammine(cyclobutanedicarboxylato)platinum II","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"platinum, diammine(1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato(2-))-, (SP-4-2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"241240"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"201345"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079083"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"41575-94-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Osteogenic sarcoma; CNS and germ cell tumors; ovarian; lung; head and neck; endometrial; esophageal; bladder; breast; cervical cancer."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BG3F62OND5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39176"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39176"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H6O4.Pt.2H3N"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Carboplatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31355"}]}}{"C342":{"preferredName":"Carboquone","code":"C342","definitions":[{"description":"An aziridinylbenzoquinone-based alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. The alkylating group in carboquone becomes activated upon reduction of quinone to the hydroquinone form. This eventually results in the alkylation and crosslinking of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication followed by an induction of apoptosis. In addition, reactive oxygen species may form during redox cycling which may contribute to this agent's cytotoxic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARBOQUONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carboquone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Carboquone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"662"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006971"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"24279-91-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1CB0HBT12C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H19N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Carboquone"}]}}{"C1141":{"preferredName":"Carboxyamidotriazole","code":"C1141","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Carboxyamidotriazole binds to and inhibits non-voltage-operated Ca2+ channels, blocking both Ca2+ influx into cells and Ca2+ release from intracellular stores and resulting in the disruption of calcium channel-mediated signal transduction and inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling, endothelial proliferation, and angiogenesis. This agent may also inhibit tumor cell growth, invasion and metastasis. 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Carboxyamidotriazole binds to and inhibits non-voltage-operated calcium channels, blocking both Ca2+ influx into cells and Ca2+ release from intracellular stores, resulting in the disruption of calcium channel-mediated signal transduction. CAI inhibits PI3 activity and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling. This may inhibit endothelial proliferation, tumor cell growth, invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,3-Carboxyamido-triazole Orotate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboxyamidotriazole Orotate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carboxyamidotriazole Orotate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421478"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671851"}]}}{"C1169":{"preferredName":"Carboxyphenyl Retinamide","code":"C1169","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic phenylretinamide analogue of retinol (vitamin A) with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Carboxyphenyl retinamide induces cell differentiation and inhibits tumor cell growth and carcinogenesis. This agent may also induce cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase in some cancer cell types. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-carboxyphenyl retinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboxyphenyl Retinamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-Carboxyphenyl)retinamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"N-(4-carboxyphenyl)retinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0067533"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"74193-17-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42559"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42559"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Carboxyphenyl_Retinamide"}]}}{"C80048":{"preferredName":"Caricotamide/Tretazicar","code":"C80048","definitions":[{"description":"A combination therapy consisting of the prodrug tretazicar and the enzyme co-substrate caricotamide with potential antineoplastic activity. In the presence of separately and simultaneously administered caricotamide, tretazicar is converted to the short-lived cytotoxic DNA cross-linking agent dinitrobenzamide by NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2), resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication and the induction of apoptosis. NQO2 has been found to be elevated in certain cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Caricotamide/Tretazicar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP-0152R/CB1954","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolarix","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388385"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615142"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615142"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Caricotamide_Tretazicar"}]}}{"C71010":{"preferredName":"Carlumab","code":"C71010","definitions":[{"description":"A human IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against human CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Carlumab binds to and inhibits CLL2, which may result in inhibition of angiogenesis and, so, tumor cell proliferation. Endothelium-derived CLL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein; MCP1) is a member of the beta-chemokine family, can stimulate monocyte/macrophage migration and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, and plays a role in angiogenesis and tumor cell migration; CCL2 induction of angiogenesis may involve the upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) gene expression which, in turn, induces vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) gene expression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-human Small-inducible Cytokine A2 Monoclonal Antibody CNTO 888","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARLUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CNTO 888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carlumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carlumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, anti-(human monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) (human monoclonal CNTO888 gamma 1-chain), disulfide with human monoclonal CNTO888 kappa-chain, dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3537194"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915404-94-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6TC1BB2EV9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573742"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573742"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6442H9966N1706O2018S40"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CCL2_Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_CNTO_888"}]}}{"C955":{"preferredName":"Carmofur","code":"C955","definitions":[{"description":"An antimetabolite (pyrimidine analogue) antineoplastic derivative of 5-fluorouracil. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1(2H)-Pyrimidinecarboxamide, 5-fluoro-N-hexyl-3,4-dihydro-2,4-dioxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Hexylcarbamoyl-5-Fluorouracil","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARMOFUR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carmofur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCFU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0044401"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"61422-45-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HA82M3RAB2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H16FN3O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Carmofur"}]}}{"C2487":{"preferredName":"Carmustine Implant","code":"C2487","definitions":[{"description":"A biodegradable wafer that is used to deliver the anticancer drug carmustine directly into a brain tumor site after the tumor has been removed by surgery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, biodegradable wafer containing the agent carmustine with antineoplastic activity. Used to deliver drug directly into a brain tumor site and typically implanted post-surgically, the wafer is made of a biodegradable poly-anhydride copolymer and contains the nitrosourea carmustine. As an antineoplastic nitrosourea, carmustine alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Carmustine also carbamoylates proteins, including DNA repair enzymes, resulting in an enhanced cytotoxic effect. Carmustine is highly lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier readily. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCNU Wafer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carmustine Copolymer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carmustine Implant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carmustine Implant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carmustine Wafer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carmustine Wafers","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliadel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliadel Wafer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Gliadel Wafer","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliadel Wafer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliadel Wafers","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polifeprosan 20 with Carmustine Implant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"polifeprosan 20 carmustine implant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"714372"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL381677"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Malignant glioma, adjuvant to surgery and radiation; Recurrent glioblastoma multiforme, adjuvant to surgery"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43142"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43142"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Polifeprosan_20_with_Carmustine_Implant"}]}}{"C102847":{"preferredName":"Carmustine Sustained-Release Implant Wafer","code":"C102847","definitions":[{"description":"A sustained release (SR) implant wafer containing the lipophilic nitrosourea carmustine (BCNU) with antineoplastic activity. Upon intracranial administration of the implant wafer and subsequent release of BCNU from the wafer, this agent alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in the disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. This wafer contains the biodegradable copolymer PLGA (poly(lactide-co-glycolide) as the major drug delivery vehicle which is slowly degraded into water and carbon dioxide thereby continously releasing BCNU over approximately 3-4 weeks. Compared to systemic administration of BCNU alone, this local SR formulation is able to maintain higher drug concentrations locally over a longer period of time while minimizing exposure to other tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CASANT Wafer","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carmustine Sustained-Release Implant Wafer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437131"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737196"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737196"}]}}{"C2602":{"preferredName":"Carmustine in Ethanol","code":"C2602","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation containing carmustine dissolved in ethanol for intra-tumoral administration that allows carmustine to enter both aqueous and lipid compartments of the target tissue. As an antineoplastic nitrosourea, carmustine alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Carmustine also carbamoylates proteins, including DNA repair enzymes, resulting in an enhanced cytotoxic effect. Carmustine is highly lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier readily.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carmustine in Ethanol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTI-015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935694"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38104"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38104"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Carmustine_in_Ethanol"}]}}{"C74010":{"preferredName":"Carotuximab","code":"C74010","definitions":[{"description":"A human/murine chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against endoglin (CD105) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Carotuximab binds to endoglin, which may result in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and decreased tumor cell proliferation. The glycoprotein endoglin is a transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF beta-1) accessory receptor that is highly expressed on tumor vessel endothelial cells and appears to be essential for angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAROTUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carotuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carotuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC 105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346810"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1268714-50-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YB2EWE6139"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"584952"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"584952"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-Endoglin_Chimeric_Monoclonal_Antibody_TRC105"}]}}{"C352":{"preferredName":"Carubicin","code":"C352","definitions":[{"description":"An anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Actinomadura carminata. Carubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S,3S)-3-acetyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-3,5,10,12-tetrahydroxy-6,11-dioxo-1-naphthacenyl 3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(8S-cis)-acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-1,6,8,11-tetrahydroxy-5,12-naphthacenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-O-demethyldaunorubicin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 8-acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3, 6-trideoxy-.alpha.-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9, 10-tetrahydro-1,6,8,11-tetra-hydroxy- (8S-cis)- (8CI 9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5,12-naphthacenedione, 8-acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-1,6,8,11-tetra-hydroxy-(8S-cis)-(8CI 9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,12-naphthacenedione, 8-acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-1,6,8,11-tetra-hydroxy-,(8S-cis)-(8CI)-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARMINOMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CARUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CMM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carminomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carminomycin I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Carminomycin I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Carubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Demethyldaunomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Karminomitsin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Karminomitsin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Karminomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"180024"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007308"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50935-04-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E7437K3983"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39175"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39175"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H27NO10"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Carubicin"}]}}{"C1582":{"preferredName":"Carubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C1582","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic carubicin. Carubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"275649"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0282089"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52794-97-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4V3R166MB3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H27NO10.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Carubicin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1441":{"preferredName":"Carzelesin","code":"C1441","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cyclopropylpyrroloindole prodrug analogue and DNA minor groove binding agent, with antineoplastic activity. After hydrolysis, the cyclopropyl group of carzelesin alkylates N3-adenine in a sequence-selective fashion. This results in tumor growth inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Benzofurancarboxamide, N-(2-((1-(chloromethyl)-1,6-dihydro-8-methyl-5-(((phenylamino)carbonyl)oxy)benzo(1,2-b:4,3-b')dipyrrol-3(2H)-yl)carbonyl)-1H-indol-5-yl)-6-(diethylamino)-, (S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARZELESIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carzelesin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Carzelesin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-80244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carzelesin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"619029"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0172048"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"119813-10-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"668UF07O1P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42571"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42571"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C41H37ClN6O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Carzelesin"}]}}{"C1040":{"preferredName":"Carzinophilin","code":"C1040","definitions":[{"description":"An ethylenimine antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces sahachiroi. Carzinophilin forms interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARZINOPHILIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CZP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardinophillin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardinophyllin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carzinophilin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carzinophyllin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"20088"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054841"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1403-28-7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Carzinophilin"}]}}{"C118292":{"preferredName":"Cathelicidin LL-37","code":"C118292","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic form of a human antimicrobial peptide (37 amino acids), belonging to the cathelicidin family, with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection of the cathelicidin LL-37, this peptide increases p53 expression, and induces phosphatidylserine externalization, DNA fragmentation, cell cycle arrest and caspase-independent apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)/ endonuclease G (EndoG)-mediated apoptotic cell death in susceptible cancer cells. This suppresses tumor cell proliferation. LL-37, a protein secreted by bone marrow cells, circulating leukocytes, and various epithelial tissues, plays a crucial role in the innate host immune defense via the regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis and cytokine production; it also promotes wound healing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antimicrobial Peptide, Human LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cathelicidin LL-37","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cathelicidin LL-37","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LL-37","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0108282"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764409"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764409"}]}}{"C69130":{"preferredName":"Cationic Liposome-Encapsulated Paclitaxel","code":"C69130","definitions":[{"description":"A cationic liposome preparation of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel, the active ingredient in cationic liposome-encapsulated paclitaxel, binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, resulting in the inhibition of mitosis and cellular proliferation, and apoptosis. Cationic liposome encapsulation of paclitaxel allows the delivery of high doses of paclitaxel to target tissues while minimizing systemic toxicity. Tumor endothelial cells may preferentially bind and internalize cationic liposomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cationic Liposome-Encapsulated Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EndoTAG-1","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LipoPac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBT-0206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1722887"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543136"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543136"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cationic_Liposome-Encapsulated_Paclitaxel"}]}}{"C62445":{"preferredName":"Catumaxomab","code":"C62445","definitions":[{"description":"A trifunctional bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Catumaxomab has two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen; and one for human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), a cell surface antigen expressed by a variety of epithelial tumor cells. In addition, the modified Fc portion of this antibody binds Fc receptors on antigen presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). Catumaxomab brings T cells, EpCAM-expressing epithelial tumor cells and APCs together into tricellular complexes, which may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against EpCAM-expressing epithelial tumor cells. Fc-mediated binding of APCs in the tricellular complex potentiates EpCAM antigen presentation to T cells and the activation of anti-tumor cytotoxic T cell functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CATUMAXOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Catumaxomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Catumaxomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Removab","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17622246"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831854"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M2HPV837HO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487002"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487002"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Catumaxomab"}]}}{"C164146":{"preferredName":"Cedazuridine","code":"C164146","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available synthetic nucleoside analog derived from tetrahydrouridine (THU) and cytidine deaminase inhibitor (CDAi), that can potentially be used to prevent the breakdown of cytidines. Upon oral administration, cedazuridine binds to and inhibits CDA, an enzyme primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver that catalyzes the deamination of cytidine and cytidine analogs. Given in combination with a cytidine, such as the antineoplastic hypomethylating agent decitabine, it specifically prevents its breakdown and increases its bioavailability and efficacy. In addition, this allows for lower doses of decitabine to be administered, which results in decreased decitabine-associated GI toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4R)-2'-Deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrouridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDA Inhibitor E7727","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEDAZURIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cedazuridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cedazuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7727","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uridine, 2'-Deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-, (4R)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1141397-80-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"39IS23Q1EW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799445"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799445"}]}}{"C115102":{"preferredName":"Cedazuridine/Decitabine Combination Agent ASTX727","code":"C115102","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available fixed-dose combination agent containing cedazuridine, a cytidine deaminase (CDA) inhibitor, and the cytidine antimetabolite decitabine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of the cedazuridine/decitabine combination agent ASTX727, cedazuridine binds to and inhibits CDA, an enzyme primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver that catalyzes the deamination of cytidine and cytidine analogs. This prevents the breakdown of decitabine, increases its bioavailability and efficacy while decreasing GI toxicity due to the administration of lower doses of decitabine. Decitabine exerts its antineoplastic activity through the incorporation of its triphosphate form into DNA, which inhibits DNA methyltransferase and results in hypomethylation of DNA. This interferes with DNA replication and decreases tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASTX727","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDA Inhibitor E7727/Decitabine Combination Agent ASTX727","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cedazuridine/Decitabine Combination Agent ASTX727","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cedazuridine/Decitabine Combination Agent ASTX727","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cedazuridine/Decitabine Tablet","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472633"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759831"}]}}{"C78081":{"preferredName":"Cedefingol","code":"C78081","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of sphingosine, with potential antineoplastic activity. As a sphingosine derivative, cedefingol appears to inhibit protein kinase C (PKC), a kinase that plays an important role in tumorigenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEDEFINGOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cedefingol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699130"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"35301-24-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"81HH79X39W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H41NO3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cedefingol"}]}}{"C80867":{"preferredName":"Cediranib","code":"C80867","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[(4-fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)oxy]-6-methoxy-7-[3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propoxy]quinazoline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD2171","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEDIRANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cediranib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cediranib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1698364"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"288383-20-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NQU9IPY4K9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H27FN4O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cediranib"}]}}{"C48379":{"preferredName":"Cediranib Maleate","code":"C48379","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Cediranib maleate may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent and a type of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The maleate salt of an indole ether quinazoline derivative with antineoplastic activities. Competing with adenosine triphosphate, cediranib binds to and inhibits all three vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR-1,-2,-3) tyrosine kinases, thereby blocking VEGF-signaling, angiogenesis, and tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD2171","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AZD2171 Maleate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEDIRANIB MALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cediranib Maleate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cediranib Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Quinazoline, 4-((4-fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)oxy)-6-methoxy-7-(3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)propoxy)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recentin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Recentin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cediranib maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"732208"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541530"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"857036-77-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"68AYS9A614"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425596"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425596"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H27FN4O3.C4H4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AZD2171"}]}}{"C1728":{"preferredName":"Celecoxib","code":"C1728","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that reduces pain. Celecoxib belongs to the family of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. It is being studied in the prevention of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with a diaryl-substituted pyrazole structure. Celecoxib selectively inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 activity (COX-2); COX-2 inhibition may result in apoptosis and a reduction in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, 4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CELECOXIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CELECOXIB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Celebrex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Celecoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Celecoxib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Celecoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-58635","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM 177","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"celecoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"719627"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0538927"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"169590-42-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute pain; Familial adenomatous polyposis; Primary dysmenorrhea; Osteoarthritis; Rheumatoid arthritis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JCX84Q7J1L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43023"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H14F3N3O2S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Celecoxib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:41423"}]}}{"C67075":{"preferredName":"Cell Cycle Checkpoint/DNA Repair Antagonist IC83","code":"C67075","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary agent with potential antineoplastic activity. IC83 appears to target cell cycle checkpoint/DNA repair enzymes, which are involved in the recognition and repair of damaged DNA and are overexpressed in many types of cancer cells. Inhibition of cell cycle checkpoint/DNA repair enzymes may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA damaging agents and dissipate tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cell Cycle Checkpoint/DNA Repair Antagonist IC83","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cell Cycle Checkpoint/DNA Repair Antagonist IC83","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IC83","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881108"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536220"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536220"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"IC83"}]}}{"C75875":{"preferredName":"Cemadotin","code":"C75875","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic dolastatin 15 analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Cemadotin suppresses spindle microtubule dynamics by binding to tubulin, thereby blocking mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEMADOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cemadotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LU-103793","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LU103793","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"D-669356"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0754175"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"159776-69-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6SQ8M7ZSFV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C35H56N6O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cemadotin_Base"}]}}{"C1634":{"preferredName":"Cemadotin Hydrochloride","code":"C1634","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that reduces the risk of tumor cell growth and reproduction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of cemadotin, a synthetic dolastatin 15 analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Cemadotin suppresses spindle microtubule dynamics by binding to tubulin, thereby blocking mitosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cemadotin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cemadotin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LU-103793","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LU-103793","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LU103793","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"CCR recorded NSC-D-669356"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"D-669356"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0299746"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42651"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42651"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cemadotin"}]}}{"C121540":{"preferredName":"Cemiplimab","code":"C121540","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1, PCD-1) protein, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cemiplimab binds to PD-1, inhibits its binding to the PD-1 ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and prevents the activation of its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of cytotoxic T-cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligand; it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEMIPLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cemiplimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cemiplimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cemiplimab RWLC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cemiplimab-rwlc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4, Anti-(Human Programmed Cell Death Protein 1) (Human Monoclonal REGN2810 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal REGN2810 kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Libtayo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN2810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053601"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1801342-60-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) or locally advanced CSCC"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6QVL057INT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770083"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770083"}]}}{"C37454":{"preferredName":"Cenersen","code":"C37454","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphorothioate oligonucleotide harboring nucleotide sequences complementary to tumor suppressor p53 mRNA. Cenersen hybridizes with p53 mRNA molecules, and induces Rnase H dependent hydrolysis of p53 transcripts in the double stranded section of the hybrids, thereby resulting in loss of p53 production. Loss of p53 activity leads to sensitization of cancer cells to other therapeutics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aezea","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CENERSEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cenersen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cenersen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EL625","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OL(1)p53","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700610"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"415168-49-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K6KJ8AZ05F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354249"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354249"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"EL625"}]}}{"C64540":{"preferredName":"Cenisertib","code":"C64540","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Cenisertib selectively binds to and inhibits aurora kinases (AKs), a family of serine-threonine kinases which are important regulators of cell division and proliferation, and which are overexpressed in certain types of cancer. Inhibition of aurora kinases inhibits cell division and proliferation and induces apoptosis in tumor cells overexpressing AKs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AS703569","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor AS703569","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CENISERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cenisertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cenisertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R763","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3853900"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"871357-89-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5277GPA358"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"522734"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"522734"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H30FN7O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"R763"}]}}{"C111993":{"preferredName":"Ceralasertib","code":"C111993","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available morpholino-pyrimidine-based inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Ceralasertib selectively inhibits ATR activity by blocking the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase CHK1. This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, and results in the inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, AZD6738 sensitizes tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in DNA repair, cell cycle progression and survival; it is activated by DNA damage caused during DNA replication-associated stress.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD6738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CERALASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ceralasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ceralasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454282"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1352226-88-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"85RE35306Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754022"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754022"}]}}{"C131434":{"preferredName":"Ceramide Nanoliposome","code":"C131434","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid-based nanoparticle formulation composed of the apoptosis-inducing sphingolipid ceramide encapsulated within nanoliposomes, with potential apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ceramide nanoliposomes accumulate in the tumor environment, due to the unique properties of the tumor vasculature, and easily enter tumor cells. This delivers ceramide inside the tumor cells, where ceramide induces apoptosis. Although the process is not completely understood, ceramide-dependent apoptosis most likely results from the downregulation of nutrient transporter proteins, which prevents cellular access to extracellular nutrients and causes tumor cell starvation. This selectively destroys tumor cells. Ceramide alone is insoluble and has a very short half-life; therefore, the nanoliposome formulation increases its solubility and half-life. Ceramide plays a key role in the regulation of autophagy, apoptosis, survival and proliferation. Serving as a tumor suppressor lipid, the expression of ceramide is inversely correlated with tumor cell growth, survival and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ceramide Nanoliposome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ceramide Nanoliposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoliposomal Ceramide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514701"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786010"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786010"}]}}{"C113173":{"preferredName":"Cerdulatinib","code":"C113173","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable dual inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and Janus-associated kinases (JAK), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, cerdulatinib specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of Syk, JAK1, and JAK3 with preferential inhibition of JAK1 and JAK3-dependent cytokine-mediated signaling and functional responses. This negatively affects the downstream JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway, and leads to both reduced inflammation in various animal models and enhanced antiproliferative activity towards non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) cell lines. Syk is a non-receptor cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase involved in signal transduction in cells of hematopoietic origin including B cells, macrophages, basophils and neutrophils. Abnormal function of Syk has been implicated in several hematopoietic malignancies including NHL and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The JAK-STAT pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is involved in cellular proliferation, growth, hematopoiesis, and the immune response; JAK kinases may be upregulated in inflammatory diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, and various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CERDULATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cerdulatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRT-062070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRT062070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syk-JAK Inhibitor PRT062070","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Syk/JAK Inhibitor PRT062070","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827083"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1198300-79-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D1LXQ45S1O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755483"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755483"}]}}{"C146660":{"preferredName":"Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Agent CC-92480","code":"C146660","definitions":[{"description":"A modulator of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing cereblon (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cereblon E3 ubiquitin ligase modulating agent CC-92480 specifically binds to cereblon (CRBN), thereby affecting the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity, and targeting certain substrate proteins for ubiquitination. This induces proteasome-mediated degradation of certain transcription factors, some of which are transcriptional repressors in T-cells. This leads to modulation of the immune system, including activation of T-lymphocytes, and downregulation of the activity of other proteins, some of which play key roles in the proliferation of certain cancer cell types. CRBN, the substrate recognition component of the CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, plays a key role in the ubiquitination of certain proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC 92480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-92480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CELMoD CC-92480","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cereblon E3 Ligase Modulation Drug CC-92480","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Agent CC-92480","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Agent CC-92480","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cereblon Modulator CC-92480","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544644"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792155"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792155"}]}}{"C131177":{"preferredName":"Cereblon Modulator CC-90009","code":"C131177","definitions":[{"description":"A modulator of cereblon (CRBN), which is part of the cullin 4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase; CUL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with potential immunomodulating and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, CC-90009 specifically binds to CRBN, thereby affecting the activity of the ubiquitin E3 ligase complex. This leads to the ubiquitination of certain substrate proteins and induces the proteasome-mediated degradation of certain transcription factors, including Ikaros (IKZF1) and Aiolos (IKZF3), which are transcriptional repressors in T-cells. This reduces the levels of these transcription factors, and modulates the activity of the immune system, which may include the activation of T-lymphocytes. In addition, this downregulates the expression of other proteins, including interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) and c-myc, which plays a key role in the proliferation of certain cancer cell types. CRBN, the substrate recognition component of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, plays a key role in the ubiquitination of certain proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC 90009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-90009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cereblon Modulator CC-90009","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cereblon Modulator CC-90009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514037"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785499"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785499"}]}}{"C141459":{"preferredName":"Cergutuzumab Amunaleukin","code":"C141459","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fusion protein comprised of cergutuzumab, a genetically engineered human immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody directed against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA, CEACAM5, CD66e), linked to amunaleukin, an engineered, mutated variant form of interleukin-2 (IL-2v), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of cergutuzumab amunaleukin, the cergutuzumab moiety recognizes and binds to CEA, thereby specifically targeting IL-2v to CEA-expressing tumor tissue. Subsequently, the IL-2v moiety stimulates a local immune response, which activates both natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-cells, and eventually leads to tumor cell killing. CEA is a cell surface protein that is expressed on a wide variety of cancer cells. The mutations found in IL-2v inhibit its binding to IL-2 receptor-alpha (CD25, IL2Ra), which prevents the activation of regulatory T-cells (Tregs); however, IL-2v is able to bind to and induce signaling through IL-2Rbetagamma, which allows the preferential expansion of NK cells and CD8-positive T-cells. The Fc domain of cergutuzumab is modified to prevent Fc-gamma binding and downstream effector functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEA-IL-2variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEA-IL2v","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CERGUTUZUMAB AMUNALEUKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cergutuzumab Amunaleukin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cergutuzumab Amunaleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7813","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7813","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-6895882","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO6895882","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539489"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1509916-03-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"48FCG62C25"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791420"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791420"}]}}{"C115112":{"preferredName":"Ceritinib","code":"C115112","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase activity of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ceritinib binds to and inhibits wild-type ALK kinase, ALK fusion proteins and ALK point mutation variants. Inhibition of ALK leads to both the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Pyrimidinediamine, 5-chloro-N4-(2-((1-methylethyl)sulfonyl)phenyl)-N2-(5-methyl-2-(1-methylethoxy)-4-(4-piperidinyl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CERITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ceritinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ceritinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDK 378","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDK378","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zykadia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3818721"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1032900-25-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors are anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K418KG2GET"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694589"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694589"}]}}{"C28882":{"preferredName":"Cesalin","code":"C28882","definitions":[{"description":"An antineoplastic protein isolated from the seeds of the plant Caesalpinia gilliesii with antineoplastic activity. Cesalin intercalates into and crosslinks DNA and inhibits the incorporation of the nucleotides uridine and thymidine into DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cesalin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"264879"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"110435"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0055132"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cesalin"}]}}{"C129448":{"preferredName":"Cetrelimab","code":"C129448","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1, PCDC-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cetrelimab binds to PD-1, and inhibits the interaction with its ligands, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1, PD-1L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2, PD-1L2). The inhibition of ligand binding prevents PD-1-mediated signaling and results in both T-cell activation and the induction of T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, an immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily transmembrane protein and inhibitory receptor, negatively regulates T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CETRELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cetrelimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cetrelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 63723283","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-63723283","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ63723283","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512668"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2050478-92-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LYK98WP91F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784126"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784126"}]}}{"C1723":{"preferredName":"Cetuximab","code":"C1723","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody used to treat certain types of head and neck cancer, and colorectal cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to cancer cells. Erbitux binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is found on the surface of some types of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant, chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor (EGFR) with antineoplastic activity. Cetuximab binds to the extracellular domain of the EGFR, thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor; the decrease in receptor activation and dimerization may result in an inhibition in signal transduction and anti-proliferative effects. This agent may inhibit EGFR-dependent primary tumor growth and metastasis. EGFR is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CETUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cetuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cetuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cetuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetuximab Biosimilar CDP-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetuximab Biosimilar CMAB009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetuximab Biosimilar KL 140","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chimeric Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chimeric MoAb C225","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody C225","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erbitux","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Erbitux","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-C225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cetuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"714692"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0995188"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"205923-56-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Advanced colorectal cancer; Head and neck cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PQX0D8J21J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42384"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42384"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cetuximab"}]}}{"C121850":{"preferredName":"Cetuximab-IR700 Conjugate RM-1929","code":"C121850","definitions":[{"description":"A chemical conjugate composed of the dye IR700 linked to cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon injection, the cetuximab moiety targets and binds to EGFR-expressing tumor cells, resulting in the internalization of the conjugate. Upon localized application of near-infrared (NIR) light, the IR700 dye becomes activated, disrupts the cell membrane and selectively kills the EGFR-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP 1929","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-1929","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP1929","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cet-IR700","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetuximab-IR700 Conjugate RM-1929","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cetuximab-IR700 Conjugate RM-1929","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RM-1929","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053596"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771602"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771602"}]}}{"C158083":{"preferredName":"Cetuximab-loaded Ethylcellulose Polymeric Nanoparticles Decorated with Octreotide (SY)","code":"C158083","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of ethylcellulose polymeric nanoparticles loaded with cetuximab, a recombinant, chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor (EGFR), and decorated with the somatostatin analog, octreotide, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the octreotide moiety directs the nanoparticles, which remain inert until a pH of 6.8 is reached, to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), which are present on the cell membranes of many neuroendocrine tumor (NET) cells. At this pH, cetuximab is selectively released from the ethylcellulose polymer. Cetuximab may then bind to the extracellular domain of EGFR-expressing tumor cells, thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor. This may inhibit signal transduction and inhibit tumor cell proliferation in EGFR-dependent tumor cells. EGFR, a member of the EGFR receptor tyrosine kinase family, may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cetuximab-loaded Ethylcellulose Polymeric Nanoparticles Decorated with Octreotide (SY)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetuximab-loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles Decorated With Octreotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymeric Nanoparticles Loaded With Cetuximab and Decorated With Octreotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937696"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797050"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797050"}]}}{"C77064":{"preferredName":"Cevipabulin","code":"C77064","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, water soluble tubulin-binding agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Cevipabulin appears to bind at the vinca-binding site on tubulin, but seems to act more similar to taxane-site binding agents in that it enhances tubulin polymerization and does not induce tubulin depolymerization. The disruption in microtubule dynamics may eventually inhibit cell division and reduce cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEVIPABULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cevipabulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cevipabulinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699167"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"849550-05-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P14M0DWS2J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H18ClF5N6O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cevipabulin"}]}}{"C73815":{"preferredName":"Cevipabulin Fumarate","code":"C73815","definitions":[{"description":"The fumarate salt of cevipabulin, a synthetic, water soluble tubulin-binding agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Cevipabulin appears to bind at the vinca-binding site on tubulin, but seems to act more similar to taxane-site binding agents in that it enhances tubulin polymerization and does not induce tubulin depolymerization. The disruption in microtubule dynamics may eventually inhibit cell division and reduce cellular growth., a small, water soluble, synthetic tubulin-binding agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Cevipabulin appears to bind at the vinca-binding site on tubulin, but seems to act more similar to taxane-site binding agents in that it enhances tubulin polymerization and does not induce tubulin depolymerization. The disruption in microtubule dynamics may eventually inhibit cell division and may reduce cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEVIPABULIN FUMARATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cevipabulin Fumarate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI-237","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[1,2,4]Triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amine, 5-chloro-6-[2,6-difluoro-4-[3-(methylamino)propoxy]phenyl]-N-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl]-, (2E)-2-butenedioate (1:1), dihydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347606"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"849550-69-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q380BYV049"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H18ClF5N6O.C4H4O4.2H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cevipabulin_Fumarate"}]}}{"C96746":{"preferredName":"Cevipabulin Succinate","code":"C96746","definitions":[{"description":"The succinate salt form of cevipabulin, a synthetic, water soluble tubulin-binding agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Cevipabulin binds at the vinca-binding site on tubulin, but seems to act more similar to taxane-site binding agents in that it enhances tubulin polymerization and does not induce tubulin depolymerization. This stabilizes tubulin and prevents microtubule disassembly. The disruption in microtubule dynamics may eventually inhibit cell division and reduce cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-chloro-6-(2,6-difluoro-4-(3-(methylamino)propoxy)phenyl)-N-((1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)(1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-7-amine succinate dihydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEVIPABULIN SUCCINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cevipabulin Succinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI-237 Succinate Dihydrate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273003"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"852954-81-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8XI0CX98LY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H18ClF5N6O.C4H6O4.2H2O"}]}}{"C1767":{"preferredName":"Chaparrin","code":"C1767","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Simaba cedron and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. Chaparrin is a mixture of compounds that includes flavonoids, antioxidants, and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA). NDGA is an antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitor that promotes cell differentiation, induces G1 phase cell-cycle arrest, and causes apoptosis in certain cancer cell lines. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chaparrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chaparrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"79404"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"132794"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0630780"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4616-50-6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Chaparrin"}]}}{"C1046":{"preferredName":"Chaparrinone","code":"C1046","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Ailanthus integrifolia sp. calycina and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. Chaparrinone inhibits protein synthesis, has antimalarial properties, and is cytotoxic to some tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chaparrinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chaparrinone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-3-ene-2,16-dione, 11,20-epoxy-1,11,12-trihydroxy-, (1beta,11beta,12alpha)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"288754"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0055268"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"22611-34-3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Chaparrinone"}]}}{"C66961":{"preferredName":"Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor AZD7762","code":"C66961","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small molecule inhibitor of checkpoint kinases (Chks) with potential chemosensitizing activity. AZD7762 binds to and inhibits Chks, which may prevent cell cycle arrest and subsequent nucleotide excision repair in DNA-damaged tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents. Chks are protein kinases that regulate either G1/S or G2/M transitions in the cell cycle. In the presence of DNA damage or incomplete DNA replication, Chks become activated and initiate cell cycle arrest to allow DNA repair or the completion of DNA replication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD7762","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor AZD7762","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor AZD7762","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832037"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530784"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530784"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AZD7762"}]}}{"C61102":{"preferredName":"Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor XL844","code":"C61102","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small-molecule inhibitor of checkpoint kinases 1 and 2 (Chk1 and Chk2) with potential antineoplastic activity. XL844 binds to and inhibits Chks 1 and 2, resulting in inhibition of cell cycle arrest, progressive DNA damage, inhibition of DNA repair, and, ultimately, tumor cell apoptosis. This agent also inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3), important mediators of tumor angiogenesis and lymphogenesis, respectively. In the presence of extensive damage or absence of timely repair, these checkpoint-signaling pathways may also trigger a pathway that effects apoptosis. Normal functions of Chks involve the initiation of cell-cycle arrest and the up-regulation of transcription genes involved with DNA excision repair and dNTP synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor XL844","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor XL844","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chk Inhibitor XL844","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL844","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"20024691"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831757"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"469731"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"469731"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"XL844"}]}}{"C119741":{"preferredName":"ChiNing Decoction","code":"C119741","definitions":[{"description":"A decoction of Liang Ge San, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, with potential anti-inflammatory and anti-stomatitis activities. Although the complete mechanism of action through which the ChiNing decoction works has yet to be fully elucidated, upon oral administration, the active ingredients may inhibit the inflammatory response, possibly by reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa), in the saliva. This may protect the oral mucosa against these inflammatory mediators, and may reduce and relieve radiation-induced stomatitis and the associated pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ChiNing Decoction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3899687"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767025"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767025"}]}}{"C115970":{"preferredName":"Chiauranib","code":"C115970","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of select serine-threonine kinases, including aurora kinase B (aurora B), vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), stem cell factor receptor (c-KIT), and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, chiauranib binds to and inhibits the activity of aurora B, VEGFRs, c-kit and PDGFRs, which may result in a decrease in the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress these kinases. These kinases are overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CS2164","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chiauranib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473304"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760526"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760526"}]}}{"C156351":{"preferredName":"Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","code":"C156351","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric, murine-human monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) tenascin (hexabrachion) that may, when conjugated with a radioisotope, be useful in radiotherapy or radioimaging. Tenascin, an extracellular matrix glycoprotein is upregulated in certain pathological conditions such as infection, inflammation and tumor growth, and is highly expressed in the tumor microenvironment in some malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ch81c6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563141"}]}}{"C129580":{"preferredName":"Chk1 Inhibitor CCT245737","code":"C129580","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1 (chk1), with potential antineoplastic and chemosensitization activities. Upon oral administration, chk1 inhibitor CCT245737 selectively binds to chk1, thereby preventing chk1 activity and abrogating the repair of damaged DNA. This may lead to an accumulation of damaged DNA, inhibition of cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis. CCT245737 may potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Chk1, an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent serine/threonine kinase overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, mediates cell cycle checkpoint control and is essential for DNA repair; it plays a key role in resistance to chemotherapeutic agents by repairing DNA damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-5-((4-((Morpholin-2-ylmethyl)amino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyrazine-2-carbonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCT245737","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Checkpoint Kinase 1 Inhibitor CCT245737","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chk1 Inhibitor CCT245737","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512598"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783792"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783792"}]}}{"C116756":{"preferredName":"Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0425","code":"C116756","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1 (chk1), with potential antineoplastic and chemosensitization activities. Upon oral administration, chk1 inhibitor GDC-0425 selectively binds to chk1, thereby preventing activity of chk1 and abrogating the repair of damaged DNA. This may lead to an accumulation of damaged DNA, inhibition of cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis. GDC-0425 may potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Chk1, an ATP-dependent serine/threonine kinase, mediates cell cycle checkpoint control, is essential for DNA repair, and plays a key role in resistance to chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0425","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0425","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0425","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433842"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701310"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701310"}]}}{"C116845":{"preferredName":"Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0575","code":"C116845","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of cell cycle checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), with potential chemosensitization activity. Chk1 inhibitor GDC-0575 specifically binds to and inhibits Chk1; this may result in tumor cells bypassing Chk1-dependent cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases, which permits the cells to undergo DNA repair prior to entry into mitosis. Therefore, Chk1 inhibition may sensitize tumor cells to the DNA-damaging effects of certain chemotherapeutic agents. Chk1 is an ATP-dependent serine-threonine kinase that phosphorylates cdc25 phosphatases in response to DNA damage. This results in both inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-cyclin complexes and cell cycle arrest, which facilitates DNA damage repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Checkpoint Kinase 1 Inhibitor GDC-0575","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0575","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0575","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0575","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446611"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730054"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730054"}]}}{"C362":{"preferredName":"Chlorambucil","code":"C362","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat several types of leukemias and lymphomas. It blocks cell growth by damaging the cell's DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active antineoplastic aromatic nitrogen mustard. Chlorambucil alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":".gamma.-(p-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl)butyric acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":".gamma.-[p-Di(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl]butyric acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":".gamma.-[p-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl]butyric acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-[Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]benzenebutanoic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]benzenebutanoic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-[p-[Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]butyric acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-[p-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]butyric acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alti-chlorambucil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ambochlorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ambochlorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amboclorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Amboclorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aminochlorambucil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Benzenebutanoic acid, 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Butyric acid, 4-(p-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Butyric acid, 4-(p-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CB 1348","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CB-1348","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHLORAMBUCIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Chlorambucil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chlorambucil","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chlorambucil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorambucilum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chloraminophen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chloraminophen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chloraminophene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chloraminophene","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorbutin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chlorbutin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorbutine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chlorbutine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chloroambucil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chlorobutin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chlorobutin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorobutine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chlorobutine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ecloril","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ecloril","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elcoril","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Elcoril","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukeran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Leukeran","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukersan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leukersan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukoran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leukoran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Linfolizin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Linfolizin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Linfolysin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lympholysin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-Di-2-chloroethyl-.gamma.-p-aminophenylbutyric acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N,N-di-2-chloroethyl-gamma-p-aminophenylbutyric acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenylbutyric acid nitrogen mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"WR-139013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aminochlorambucil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"benzenebutanoic acid, 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"butyric acid, 4-(p-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chlorambucil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"chlorbutinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chloroambucil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gamma-(p-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl)butyric acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gamma-[p-di(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl]butyric acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-(N, N-Di-2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl butyric acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"p-(N, N-di-2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl butyric acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-N, N-Di-(.beta.-chloroethyl)aminophenyl butyric acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"p-N, N-di-(beta-chloroethyl)aminophenyl butyric acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"phenylbutyric acid nitrogen mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"3088"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008163"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"305-03-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin lymphoma, and certain types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"18D0SL7309"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43113"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43113"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H19Cl2NO2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Chlorambucil"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28830"}]}}{"C2085":{"preferredName":"Chlorodihydropyrimidine","code":"C2085","definitions":[{"description":"A pyrimidine derivative with antitumor activity. Chlorodihydropyrimidine competitively and reversibly inhibits dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of fluoropyrimidines thereby blocking the degradation of the fluoropyrimidines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Chlorodihydropyrimidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorodihydropyrimidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1516486"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Chlorodihydropyrimidine"}]}}{"C61671":{"preferredName":"Chloroquine","code":"C61671","definitions":[{"description":"A 4-aminoquinoline with antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, and potential chemosensitization and radiosensitization activities. Although the mechanism is not well understood, chloroquine is shown to inhibit the parasitic enzyme heme polymerase that converts the toxic heme into non-toxic hemazoin, thereby resulting in the accumulation of toxic heme within the parasite. This agent may also interfere with the biosynthesis of nucleic acids. Chloroquine's potential chemosensitizing and radiosensitizing activities in cancer may be related to its inhibition of autophagy, a cellular mechanism involving lysosomal degradation that minimizes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) related to tumor reoxygenation and tumor exposure to chemotherapeutic agents and radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHLOROQUINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Chloroquine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Chloroquine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chloroquine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008269"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"54-05-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"886U3H6UFF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654729"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654729"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H26ClN3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Chloroquine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3638"}]}}{"C982":{"preferredName":"Chloroquinoxaline Sulfonamide","code":"C982","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chlorinated heterocyclic sulfanilamide with potential antineoplastic activity and potential immunosuppressive activity. Chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide poisons topoisomerase II alpha and topoisomerase II beta, thereby causing double-stranded breaks in DNA, accumulation of unrepaired DNA, and apoptosis. This agent also exhibits lymphotoxicity by inhibiting lymphocyte activation in a cell cycle-specific manner. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, 4-amino-N-(5-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, 4-amino-N-[5-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CQS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CQS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chloroquinoxaline Sulfonamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chlorsulfaquinoxaline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"chlorosulfaquinoxaline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"339004"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0049111"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"97919-22-7"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41055"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41055"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Chloroquinoxaline_Sulfonamide"}]}}{"C94723":{"preferredName":"Chlorotoxin","code":"C94723","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the diagnosis and treatment of glioma (a type of brain cancer) and other types of cancer. It binds to cancer cells in the brain and peripheral nervous system and may keep them from spreading. Chlorotoxin comes from the venom of a type of scorpion. A form of chlorotoxin made in the laboratory is called TM-601. Chlorotoxin is a type of neurotoxin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neurotoxin with potential anticancer property. Chlorotoxin (CTX) is a 36-amino acid peptide found in the venom of the deathstalker scorpion, and a chloride channel blocker. This toxin binds preferentially to glioma cells via the transmembrane endopeptidase matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and thereby prevents the spread of tumor cells. MMP-2 is specifically up-regulated in gliomas and related cancers, but is not normally expressed in brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHLOROTOXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CTX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Chlorotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TM-601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chlorotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0293227"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"163515-35-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"06UV5RFW57"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1049":{"preferredName":"Chlorozotocin","code":"C1049","definitions":[{"description":"A glucose-linked chloroethylnitrosourea with potential antineoplastic activity. Chlorozotocin alkylates DNA and proteins, induces the formation of interstrand DNA and DNA-protein crosslinks, and causes DNA strand breakage, thereby damaging DNA and resulting in cell death. This agent has been shown to exhibit antitumor and immunomodulatory effects in cell lines and animal models. Chlorozotocin is a mutagen and is less myelotoxic than other nitrosoureas. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitroso-3-(D-glucos-2-yl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-[[[(2-chloroethyl)nitrosamino]carbonyl]amino]-2-deoxy-D-glucose","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHLOROZOTOCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CHLZ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CZT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorozotocin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chlorozotocin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorozotocyna","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Glucopyranose","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Glucopyranose, 2-[[[(2-chloroethyl)nitrosoamino]carbonyl]amino]-2-deoxy-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"D-Glucose, 2-[[[(2-chloroethyl)nitrosoamino]carbonyl]amino]-2-deoxy- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"D-glucopyranose, 2-[[[(2-chloroethyl)nitrosoamino]carbonyl]amino]-2-deoxy","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-glucose, 2-[[[(2-chloroethyl)nitrosoamino]carbonyl]amino]-2-deoxy- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"178248"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0055465"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"54749-90-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3053LTY75Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39182"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39182"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H16ClN3O7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Chlorozotocin"}]}}{"C94213":{"preferredName":"Choline Kinase Alpha Inhibitor TCD-717","code":"C94213","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of choline kinase alpha (CHKA), with potential antineoplastic activity. TCD-717 targets and binds to CHKA, an enzyme that plays a key role in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, the major phospholipid in eukaryotic cell membranes. Blockade of this enzyme induces cells to activate a different route for phospholipid production which causes a toxic effect and eventually leads to cell destruction. CHKA, overexpressed in human cancer cells while only minimally expressed in normal cells, appears to play a significant role in cellular proliferation, evasion of apoptosis, increased cell motility and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHKA Inhibitor TCD-717","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choline Kinase Alpha Inhibitor TCD-717","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Choline Kinase Alpha Inhibitor TCD-717","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCD-717","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426026"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687183"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687183"}]}}{"C895":{"preferredName":"Chromomycin A3","code":"C895","definitions":[{"description":"A glycosidic antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. Chromomycin A3 reversibly binds to guanine-cytosine (G-C) base pairs in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting RNA synthesis. This agent is used as a fluorescent chromosome dye. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3B-O-(4-O-Acetyl-2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-alpha-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl)-7-methylolivomycin D","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aburamycin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Antibiotic 69895 A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibiotic B 599","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibiotic from Streptomyces griseus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Antibiotic from Streptomyces griseus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHROMOMYCIN A3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CHROMOMYCIN A3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chromomycin A3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olivomycin D, 3B-O-(4-O-Acetyl-2, 6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-alpha-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl)-7-methyl- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olivomycin D, 3B-O-(4-O-acetyl-2, 6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-.alpha.-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl)-7-methyl- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TOYOMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Toyomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"58514"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040563"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7059-24-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DVW027E7NL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39184"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39184"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C57H82O26"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Chromomycin_A3"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:34638"}]}}{"C1828":{"preferredName":"Chrysanthemum morifolium/Ganoderma lucidum/Glycyrrhiza glabra/Isatis indigotica/Panax pseudoginseng/Rabdosia rubescens/Scutellaria baicalensis/Serona repens Supplement","code":"C1828","definitions":[{"description":"A mixture of eight herbs that has been sold as a dietary supplement and promoted as a way to keep the prostate healthy and to treat prostate cancer. PC-SPES has been studied in the treatment of prostate cancer, but has been taken off the market in the U.S. because of safety concerns.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An herbal mixture with potential antineoplastic effects. PC-SPES, an herbal supplement containing extracts from 8 herbs including Chrysanthemum morifolium, Ganoderma lucidum (a root fungus), Glycyrrhiza glabra (Spanish liquorice), Isatis indigotica, Panax pseudoginseng, Rabdosia rubescens, Scutellaria baicalensis, and Serona repens (saw palmetto), with potential antineoplastic and antiproliferative effects, specifically in prostate cancer cells. Its exact pharmacology is not fully understood due to the complexity of the herbal mixture and may involve multiple metabolic pathways. Exposure to PC-SPES in vitro has resulted in a decreased expression of genes encoding cell cycle regulatory proteins as well as an upregulation of genes that modulate apoptosis in both androgen-dependent and androgen-independent cells. The PC in the acronym PC-SPES stands for Prostate Cancer, while SPES is the Latin word for hope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chrysanthemum morifolium/Ganoderma lucidum/Glycyrrhiza glabra/Isatis indigotica/Panax pseudoginseng/Rabdosia rubescens/Scutellaria baicalensis/Serona repens Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PC-SPES","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"PC-SPES","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0756934"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"374933-93-4"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"404383"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"404383"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PC-SPES"}]}}{"C120097":{"preferredName":"Cibisatamab","code":"C120097","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Cibisatamab contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and one for human CEA, a tumor-associated antigen that is specifically expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon intravenous administration, cibisatamab binds to both T-cells and CEA-expressing tumor cells, which cross-links the T-cells with the tumor cells. This may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA-expressing tumor cells. CEA is overexpressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cibisatamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cibisatamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-6958688","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RO6958688","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10636","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896776"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1855925-27-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZAM5J1ATF2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767685"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767685"}]}}{"C155886":{"preferredName":"Ciclopirox Prodrug CPX-POM","code":"C155886","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphoryloxymethyl (POM) ester-based prodrug of ciclopirox (CPX), a synthetic, broad-spectrum antifungal agent with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of CPX-POM, the POM moiety is cleaved off by phosphatases and the active metabolite CPX is released. Although its exact anticancer mechanism is not yet fully elucidated, CPX has been shown to inhibit tumor cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and reduce tumor cell mobility in certain cancer types. CPX inhibits Notch1 activation and inhibits the Notch1-mediated signaling pathway, which is upregulated in many cancer cell types. This inhibits Notch downstream target proteins, inhibits the expression of gamma-secretase complex proteins, and prevents proliferation in susceptible cancer cells. CPX inhibits the iron-containing enzymes, catalase and peroxidase, which facilitate the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in oxidative stress. CPX also inhibits the iron-dependent enzyme ribonucleotide reductase, which is essential in DNA synthesis. CPX downregulates protein expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E1, as well as their enzymatic counterparts cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 2 (CDK4 and CDK2), which may inhibit tumor cell proliferation by slowing cell cycle progression from G1/G0 to S phase. Further, CPX may induce apoptosis by downregulating the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl-xL and survivin, and increasing cleavage of Bcl-2. Additionally, CPX may inhibit tumor cell proliferation, survival and motility by inhibiting the phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), two downstream effector molecules of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). The CPX-POM prodrug improves the solubility of CPX and increases systemic efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPX POM","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPX-POM","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPXPOM","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ciclopirox Prodrug","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ciclopirox Prodrug CPX-POM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562696"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794795"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794795"}]}}{"C118451":{"preferredName":"Cidan Herbal Capsule","code":"C118451","definitions":[{"description":"A capsule-based formulation containing artificial bezoar, Strychni pulveratum (strychnos powder), camphol alcohol (borneol or borneo camphor) and extracts from Zedoary rhizome (Rhizoma curcumae), Pseudobulbus cremastrae seu pleiones (dried pseudobulb of Cremastra appendiculata), Yatantzu (seed of Brucca javanica), beehive, Bombyx mori (Bombyx batryticatus or silkworm), Danshen (dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza or red sage root), Radix astragali, and Angelica, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of the cidan herbal capsule, the active ingredients in the plant extracts may induce tumor cell apoptosis and reduce tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cidan Herbal Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zedoary rhizome/Pseudobulbus cremastrae seu pleiones/Yatantzu/Strychni pulveratum/Beehive/Artificial Bezoar/Bombyx mori/Danshen Root/Radix astragali/Angelica/Camphol Alcohol Capsule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3899625"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765191"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765191"}]}}{"C125659":{"preferredName":"Ciforadenant","code":"C125659","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule immune checkpoint inhibitor of the adenosine A2A receptor (ADORA2A) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ciforadenant binds to adenosine A2A receptors expressed on the surface of immune cells, including T-lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors on these key immune surveillance cells, thereby abrogating adenosine-induced immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. This may stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, resulting in tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3H-1,2,3-Triazolo(4,5-d)pyrimidin-5-amine, 7-(5-Methyl-2-furanyl)-3-((6-((((3S)-tetrahydro-3-furanyl)oxy)methyl)-2-pyridinyl)methyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine-A2A Receptor-Targeting Agent CPI-444","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CIFORADENANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CPI-444","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ciforadenant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ciforadenant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V81444","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504345"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1202402-40-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8KFO2187CP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778585"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778585"}]}}{"C1834":{"preferredName":"Cilengitide","code":"C1834","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as an anticancer and antiangiogenesis drug.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp peptide with potential antineoplastic activity. Cilengitide binds to and inhibits the activities of the alpha(v)beta(3) and alpha(v)beta(5) integrins, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and angiogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CILENGITIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cilengitide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cilengitide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 121974","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"EMD 121974","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"EMD 121974","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD-121974","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"cilengitide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cyclo(L-arginylglycyl-L-a-aspartyl-D-phenylalanyl-N-methyl-L-valyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"707544"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0971473"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"188968-51-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4EDF46E4GI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37844"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37844"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H40N8O7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cilengitide"}]}}{"C374":{"preferredName":"Cimetidine","code":"C374","definitions":[{"description":"A drug usually used to treat stomach ulcers and heartburn. It is also commonly used in a regimen to prevent allergic reactions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A histamine H(2)-receptor antagonist. Enhancing anti-tumor cell-mediated responses, cimetidine blocks histamine's ability to stimulate suppressor T lymphocyte activity and to inhibit natural killer (NK) cell activity and interleukin-2 production. Cimetidine also may inhibit tumor growth by suppressing histamine's growth-factor activity and blocking histamine-induced stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic growth factor. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CIMETIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cimetidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cimetidine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cimetidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Guanidine, N''-Cyano-N-Methyl-N'-(2-(((5-Methyl-1H-Imidazol-4-yl)Methyl)Thio)Ethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Cyano-N'-methyl-N''-[2-[[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]thio]ethyl]guanidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tagamet","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tagamet","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cimetidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"335308"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008783"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51481-61-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Gastrointestinal conditions; allergic reaction prevention; immune modulation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"80061L1WGD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39185"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39185"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H16N6S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cimetidine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3699"}]}}{"C47450":{"preferredName":"Cinacalcet Hydrochloride","code":"C47450","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable hydrochloride salt of the calcimimetic cinacalcet. Cinacalcet increases the sensitivity of calcium-sensing receptors on chief cells in the parathyroid gland to extracellular calcium, thereby reducing parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. A reduction in PTH levels inhibits osteoclast activity, which may result in a decrease in cortical bone turnover and bone fibrosis, and normalization of serum calcium and phosphorus levels. In addition, by reducing PTH levels, cinacalcet may reduce PSA levels; PTH appears to raise PSA levels and may increase prostate cancer cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Naphthalenemethanamine, a-methyl-N-(3-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)propyl)-,(aR)-, Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CINACALCET HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cinacalcet Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cinacalcet Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mimpara","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sensipar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1260199"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"364782-34-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1K860WSG25"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662071"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662071"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H22F3N.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cinacalcet_Hydrochloride"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:48391"}]}}{"C95021":{"preferredName":"Cinobufagin","code":"C95021","definitions":[{"description":"A bufadienolide compound extracted from the dried venom secreted by the parotid glands of toads and one of the glycosides in the traditional Chinese medicine ChanSu, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action of cinobufagin is still under investigation, it has been found to suppress cancer cell proliferation and cause apoptosis in cancer cells via a sequence of apoptotic modulators that include mitochondrial Bax and cytosolic chromosome c, and caspases 3, 8, and 9. Possible upstream mediators of cinobufagin-induced apoptosis include Fas and p53.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cinobufacini","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cinobufagin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cinobufagin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0055767"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689412"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689412"}]}}{"C151929":{"preferredName":"Cinobufotalin","code":"C151929","definitions":[{"description":"A bufadienolide isolated from toad venom and utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for its cardiotonic, diuretic and hemostatic effects, with potential cytotoxic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration and although the exact mechanism of action(s) (MoAs) through which this agent exerts its effects have yet to be fully discovered, cinobufotalin causes DNA fragmentation, decreases mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), increases intracellular calcium (Ca2+) ion concentrations and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, upregulates Fas protein and activates cytochrome C, various caspases, Bid and Bax. This causes cell cycle arrest, induces apoptosis and inhibits tumor cell growth and survival. In addition, cinobufotalin inhibits the activity of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and induces pro-apoptotic ceramide production, which further promotes tumor cell apoptosis. Cinobufotalin also induces mitochondrial protein cyclophilin D (Cyp-D)-dependent opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), which may contribute to cinobufotalin-induced non-apoptotic death of certain tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"14,15b-Epoxy-3b,5a,16b-trihydroxy-5b,20(22)-bufadienolide 16-Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Beta-bufa-20,22-dienolide, 14,15-beta-epoxy-3-beta,5,16-beta-trihydroxy-, 16-Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5b,20(22)-Bufadienolide-14,15b-epoxy-3b,5a,16b-triol 16-Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cinobufotalin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553268"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1108-68-5"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793122"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793122"}]}}{"C2599":{"preferredName":"Cintredekin Besudotox","code":"C2599","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is made by combining interleukin-13 with a toxin from Pseudomonas bacteria. It is a type of recombinant chimeric protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant chimeric protein with potent antitumor activity. Cintredekin besudotox is composed of interleukin-13 (IL13), a pleiotropic immunoregulatory cytokine, linked to a mutated form of pseudomonas exotoxin A; this agent targets and kills tumor cells that express the IL13 receptor (IL13R).The IL13 moiety attaches to the IL13R on the tumor cell membrane, facilitating the entry of the exotoxin. The exotoxin moiety induces caspase-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage; it also catalyzes the transfer of ADP ribose from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to elongation factor-2 in eukaryotic cells, thereby inactivating elongation factor 2 and inhibiting protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CINTREDEKIN BESUDOTOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cintredekin Besudotox","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cintredekin Besudotox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL 13-PE38QQR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-13 Toxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-13-PE38QQR Cytotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-13PE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL13-PE38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-13 PE38QQR Immunotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hIL13-PE38QQR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"interleukin-13 PE38QQR immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"722759"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1434448"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"372075-36-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZL04JX89M7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38095"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38095"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Interleukin-13_PE38QQR_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C118284":{"preferredName":"Cirmtuzumab","code":"C118284","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody against the extracellular domain of the human receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cirmtuzumab binds to ROR1 and blocks ROR1-mediated signaling. This prevents tumor cell proliferation in cancer cells overexpressing ROR1. ROR1, also known as neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor-related 1 (NTRKR1), is normally expressed during embryogenesis. It is overexpressed in certain leukemias and solid tumors, but minimally expressed in healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cirmtuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cirmtuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UC-961","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474136"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764235"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764235"}]}}{"C376":{"preferredName":"Cisplatin","code":"C376","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat many types of cancer. Cisplatin contains the metal platinum. It kills cancer cells by damaging their DNA and stopping them from dividing. Cisplatin is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An alkylating-like inorganic platinum agent (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) with antineoplastic activity. Cisplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes which bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links. These cross-links result in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(SP-4-2)-Diamminedichloroplatinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abiplatin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blastolem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Briplatin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDDP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CISPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-diamminedichloridoplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-diamminedichloro Platinum (II)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-dichloroammine Platinum (II)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-platinous Diamine Dichloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-platinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-platinum II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-platinum II Diamine Dichloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cismaplat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cisplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citoplatino","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citosin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cysplatyna","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DDP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lederplatin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metaplatin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplatin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peyrone's Chloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peyrone's Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plastistil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platamine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platiblastin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Platiblastin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platiblastin-S","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Platinol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinol- AQ","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinol-AQ","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinol-AQ VHA Plus","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinoxan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum Diamminodichloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum, Diaminedichloro-, cis- (8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platiran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platistin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platosin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cisplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"119875"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008838"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"15663-27-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic testicular cancer; ovarian cancer; head and neck cancer; breast cancer; Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; myeloma and melanoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q20Q21Q62J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39515"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39515"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2Cl.Pt.2H3N"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cisplatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27899"}]}}{"C2502":{"preferredName":"Cisplatin Liposomal","code":"C2502","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic formulation in which the antineoplastic agent cisplatin is encapsulated in lipids. Cisplatin liposomal consists of small aggregates of cisplatin covered by a single lipid bilayer. Encasement in liposomes improves cisplatin's tumor bioavailability and toxicity profile. Liposomal encapsulation does not affect the pharmacological properties of cisplatin directly. Cisplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes which bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA, inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links. These cross-links result in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cisplatin Liposomal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin, Liposomal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPI-077","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPI-77","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STEALTH Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STEALTH Liposomal Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STEALTH Liposomal Encapsulated Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STEALTH Liposome Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"719334"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0964924"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43292"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43292"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cisplatin_Liposomal"}]}}{"C17879":{"preferredName":"Cisplatin-E Therapeutic Implant","code":"C17879","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable gel comprised of a collagen matrix containing the inorganic platinum (Pt) agent cisplatin and the sympathomimetic agent epinephrine with potential antineoplastic activity. After intratumoral injection, cisplatin forms highly reactive, positively charged, platinum complexes, which covalently bind to nucleophilic groups in DNA, preferably at the N7 position of guanine bases. This induces both intra- and inter-strand DNA cross-links. In addition, cisplatin forms DNA-Pt-protein cross-links. Cross-link formation results in both the induction of apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Epinephrine, a potent vasoconstrictor, is added to the gel to both enhance the penetration of cisplatin into tumor tissue and reduce its dispersion into the surrounding tissues. Intratumoral injection of cisplatin-E therapeutic implant may increase local chemotherapeutic efficacy, as compared to the systemic administration of cisplatin, while reducing its systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDDP-e therapeutic implant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDDP/epi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDDP/epi gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin-E Therapeutic Implant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin-Epinephrine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin/Epinephrine Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intradose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intradose MPI-5010","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP 5010 TI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP 5010 Therapeutic Implant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPI 5010","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677669"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42697"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42697"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cisplatin-E_Therapeutic_Implant"}]}}{"C136428":{"preferredName":"Cisplatin/Vinblastine/Cell Penetration Enhancer Formulation INT230-6","code":"C136428","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation composed of three agents in a fixed ratio: two chemotherapeutic agents, the platinum compound cisplatin and the vinca alkaloid vinblastine, and a proprietary amphiphilic excipient that acts as a penetration enhancer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intra-tumoral (IT) injection of INT230-6, the dispersion/cell penetration enhancer excipient of INT230-6 facilitates dispersion of the two drugs throughout the tumor tissue and enables increased cellular uptake of these agents into tumor cells. Once inside the cell, cisplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes which bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA, which results in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Vinblastine kills the tumor cells through binding to tubulin and thereby inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of the mitotic spindle assembly and cell cycle arrest of tumor. In addition, the tumor cell killing leads to recruitment of dendritic cells (DCs) and induces a tumor-specific T-cell-mediated immune response that attacks both the injected tumor and distant tumor lesions. Local administration of both cisplatin and vinblastine, without the diffusion/penetration enhancer, results in to poor diffusion and a lack of cellular uptake of the agents; INT230-6 increases the intracellular concentration of cisplatin and vinblastine, thereby improving efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cisplatin/Vinblastine Formulation with Cell Penetration Enhancer INT230-6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin/Vinblastine/Cell Penetration Enhancer Formulation INT230-6","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cisplatin/Vinblastine/Cell Penetration Enhancer Formulation INT230-6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INT 230-6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INT230-6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523731"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789458"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789458"}]}}{"C121641":{"preferredName":"Citarinostat","code":"C121641","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, citarinostat inhibits the activity of HDACs; this results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, which inhibit tumor cell division and induce tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-((2-Chlorophenyl)phenylamino)-N-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)-5-pyrimidinecarboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Pyrimidinecarboxamide, 2-((2-Chlorophenyl)phenylamino)-N-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACY-241","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-96241","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CITARINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Citarinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Citarinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC-IN-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor ACY-241","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053685"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1316215-12-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"441P620G3P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770662"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770662"}]}}{"C71694":{"preferredName":"Citatuzumab Bogatox","code":"C71694","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein immunotoxin consisting of a humanized, single-chain monoclonal antibody Fab fragment specific for the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) conjugated with a modified bouganin cytotoxin with potential antineoplastic activity. Citatuzumab bogatox binds to EpCAM, delivering modified bouganin cytotoxin directly to EpCam-positive tumor cells, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell protein synthesis and tumor cell death. EpCAM, a cell surface protein, is expressed by a variety of tumor cells and is frequently found in head and neck cancers. Bouganin is a plant-derived ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP), a toxic plant N-glycosidase that depurinates the universally conserved alpha-sarcin loop of ribosomal rRNA, inactivating the ribosome and preventing protein synthesis. Compared to unmodified bouganins, modified bouganins may have a reduced propensity to activate human T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EpCAM Antibody Fragment-Bouganin Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CITATUZUMAB BOGATOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Citatuzumab Bogatox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VB6-845","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376117"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"945228-49-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"23J303Z5CA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"555692"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"555692"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-EpCAM-Bouganin_Fusion_Protein"}]}}{"C79828":{"preferredName":"Cixutumumab","code":"C79828","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It is a monoclonal antibody that is made in the laboratory and can bind to substances in the body. Cixutumumab blocks the action of a protein needed for cell growth and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Cixutumumab selectively binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, thereby preventing the binding of the natural ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Downregulation of the PI3K/AKT survival pathway may result in the induction of cancer cell apoptosis and may decrease cancer cellular proliferation. IGF-1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase of the insulin receptor superfamily overexpressed by many cancer cell types, stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis; IGF-1R signaling has been implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody IMC-A12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CIXUTUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cixutumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cixutumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-A12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IMC-A12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cixutumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703174"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"947687-12-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2285XW22DR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561575"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561575"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cixutumumab"}]}}{"C1336":{"preferredName":"Cladribine","code":"C1336","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A purine nucleoside antimetabolite analogue. Cladribine triphosphate, a phosphorylated metabolite of cladribine, incorporates into DNA, resulting in single-strand breaks in DNA, depletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and apoptosis. Because this agent is resistant to adenosine deaminase, an enzyme that inactivates some antineoplastic agents, it is selectively toxic to lymphocytes and monocytes which exhibit little deoxynucleotide deaminase activity. 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Unlike most of the anti-cancer drugs causing bone marrow suppression, clanfenur stimulates hematopoiesis both in vivo and in vitro.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CLANFENUR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clanfenur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0253858"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51213-99-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KAM54NKT1Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H15ClFN3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Clanfenur"}]}}{"C1054":{"preferredName":"Clarithromycin","code":"C1054","definitions":[{"description":"An antibiotic drug used to treat infection. It belongs to the family of drugs called macrolides.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic 14-membered ring macrolide antibiotic. Clarithromycin binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibits RNA-dependent protein synthesis in susceptible organisms. Clarithromycin has been shown to eradicate gastric MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) lymphomas, presumably due to the eradication of tumorigenic Helicobacter pylori infection. This agent also acts as a biological response modulator, possibly inhibiting angiogenesis and tumor growth through alterations in growth factor expression. 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Upon administration, class 1/4 HDAC inhibitor OKI-179 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of HDAC1/4. This results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This consequently results in a selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and an induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress HDAC1/4. HDAC, which is upregulated in many tumor cell types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins and plays a key role in transcriptional regulation and cell cycle progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Class 1/4 Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor OKI-179","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Class 1/4 Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor OKI-179","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Class-1/4 HDACi OKI-179","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor OKI-179","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC1/4i OKI-179","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDACi 1/4 OKI-179","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDACi OKI-179","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OKI 179","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OKI-179","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OKI179","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C71104":{"preferredName":"Clinical Trial","code":"C71104","definitions":[{"description":"1) A research investigation involving human subjects that is designed to answer specific questions about the safety and efficacy of a biomedical intervention (drug, treatment, device) or new ways of using a known drug, treatment, or device). 2) A research study in which one or more human subjects are prospectively assigned to one or more interventions (which may include placebo or other control) to evaluate the effects of those interventions on health-related biomedical or behavioral outcomes.(1. modified from ICH E6 Glossary, Directive 2001/20/EC. 2. NIH revised definition 2015) (CDISC Glossary)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A research investigation involving human subjects that is designed to answer specific questions about the safety and efficacy of a biomedical intervention (drug, treatment, device) or new ways of using a known drug, treatment, or device). NOTE: NIH Office of Science Policy further specifies that a clinical trial is a type of research study that prospectively assigns subjects to interventions, and the EU clinical trial regulations set forth 3 specific conditions, any one of which qualifies a study as a clinical trial. These conditions include applying diagnostic or monitoring procedures not used in normal clinical practice to subjects. [after ICH E6 [R2], EU CTR 2014] See also clinical study, clinical investigation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"description":"A type of research study that tests how well new medical approaches work in people. These studies test new methods of screening, prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of a disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A research study that prospectively assigns human participants or groups of humans to one or more health-related interventions to evaluate the effects on health outcomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clinical Trial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clinical Trial","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Clinical Trial","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clinical Trials","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clinical Trials, Unspecified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"clinical trial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"clinical trial","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008976"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Clinical_Trial_Generic"}]}}{"C90373":{"preferredName":"Clinical Trial Agent","code":"C90373","definitions":[{"description":"The pharmacological substance that is being administered in the study.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clinical Trial Agent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clinical Trial-Study Agent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983596"}]}}{"C65337":{"preferredName":"Clioquinol","code":"C65337","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, lipophilic, copper-binding, halogenated 8-hydroxyquinoline with antifungal, antiparasitic and potential antitumor activities. Clioquinol forms a stable chelate with copper (copper (II) ions), which inhibits the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome; consequently, ubiquitinated proteins may accumulate in tumor cells, followed by tumor cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. In addition, the clioquinol-copper complex appears to decrease the expression of androgen receptors (AR) in human copper-enriched prostate cancer cells. Serum levels of copper are often elevated in patients with cancer; copper chelation may inhibit copper-dependent endothelial cell proliferation and tumor secretion of angiogenic factors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Chloro-7-iodo-quinolin-8-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AI3-16451","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLIOQUINOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clioquinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodochlorohydroxyquinoline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycoquin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"3531"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021978"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"130-26-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7BHQ856EJ5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653982"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653982"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H5ClINO"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Clioquinol"}]}}{"C88638":{"preferredName":"Clivatuzumab","code":"C88638","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the pancreatic cancer antigen MUC1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Clivatuzumab binds to tumor cells expressing the MUC1 antigen and prevents MUC1-mediated signaling. MUC1, a mucin antigen, is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer but not in normal, healthy pancreatic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CLIVATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clivatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2982120"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RGU8A332UL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C61685":{"preferredName":"Clodronic Acid","code":"C61685","definitions":[{"description":"A first-generation bisphosphonate with anti-resorptive and anti-hypercalcemic activities. Clodronic acid adsorbs onto the surface of the hydroxyapatite crystals in bone matrix. Although the exact mechanism through which clodronic acid exerts its cytotoxic effect on osteoclasts has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent is metabolized intracellularly to a toxic beta-gamma-methylene analog of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), AppCCl2p. The ATP analog AppCCl2p competitively inhibits ADP/ATP translocase, thereby interfering with mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular energy metabolism. This may cause osteoclast apoptosis and, eventually, inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(Dichloromethylene)bisphosphonic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLODRONIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clodronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clodronic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Clodronic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0012081"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10596-23-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0813BZ6866"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"CH4Cl2O6P2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Clodronic_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:110423"}]}}{"C26638":{"preferredName":"Clofarabine","code":"C26638","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Clolar is a type of nucleoside analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A second generation purine nucleoside analog with antineoplastic activity. Clofarabine is phosphorylated intracellularly to the cytotoxic active 5'-triphosphate metabolite, which inhibits the enzymatic activities of ribonucleotide reductase and DNA polymerase, resulting in inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis of DNA and RNA. This nucleoside analog also disrupts mitochondrial function and membrane integrity, resulting in the release of pre-apoptotic factors, including cytochrome C and apoptotic-inducing factors, which activate apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Chloro-9-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-9H-purin-6-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Chloro-9-(2-deoxy-2-fluoroarabinofuranosyl)adenine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLOFARABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clofarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Clofarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Clofarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clofarex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clolar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Clolar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"clofarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"606869"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0092777"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123318-82-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, pediatric"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"762RDY0Y2H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257309"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257309"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H11ClFN5O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Clofarabine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:681569"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:47311"}]}}{"C28888":{"preferredName":"Clomesone","code":"C28888","definitions":[{"description":"The 2-chloroethyl ester of (methylsulfonyl) methanesulfonic acid with potential antineoplastic effects. Acting as a chloroethylating agent, clomesone induces the formation of DNA interstrand crosslinks in some cell lines, and exhibits antitumor activity in some animal models. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and, in some cases, chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA synthesis and cell division. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Chloroethyl (methylsulfonyl)methanesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLOMESONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Chlorethyl SOSO","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clomesone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRI 6155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"338947"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0055920"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"88343-72-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2J031W0YZI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H9ClO5S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Clomesone"}]}}{"C61607":{"preferredName":"Clomiphene","code":"C61607","definitions":[{"description":"A triphenylethylene nonsteroidal ovulatory stimulant evaluated for antineoplastic activity against breast cancer. Clomiphene has both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities that compete with estrogen for binding at estrogen receptor sites in target tissues. This agent causes the release of the pituitary gonadotropins follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to ovulation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[p-(2-Chloro-1,2-diphenylvinyl)phenoxy]triethylamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLOMIPHENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clomiphene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009008"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"911-45-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1HRS458QU2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Clomiphene_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3752"}]}}{"C379":{"preferredName":"Clomiphene Citrate","code":"C379","definitions":[{"description":"The citrate salt form of clomiphene, a triphenylethylene nonsteroidal ovulatory stimulant evaluated for antineoplastic activity against breast cancer. Clomiphene has both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities that compete with estrogen for binding at estrogen receptor sites in target tissues. This agent causes the release of the pituitary gonadotropins follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to ovulation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[p-(2-Chloro-1,2-diphenylvinyl)phenoxy]triethylamine Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2-[p-(2-Chloro-1,2-diphenylvinyl)phenoxy]triethylamine Citrate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLOMIPHENE CITRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clomid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Clomid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clomiphene Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serophene","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"35770"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0546859"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-41-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1B8447E7YI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39542"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39542"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Clomiphene"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3753"}]}}{"C62762":{"preferredName":"Clostridium Novyi-NT Spores","code":"C62762","definitions":[{"description":"Spores of the bacterial strain Clostridium novyi-NT, the attenuated obligate anaerobic C. novyi, with potential immunostimulating, bacteriolytic, and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, Clostridium novyi-NT spores germinate exclusively in hypoxic tissue, such as avascular regions of tumors. Germination results in lysis and destruction of surrounding viable tumor cells. Due to their anaerobic nature, C. novyi-NT spores do not proliferate in oxygenated tumor regions. However, this agent may stimulate the immune system to exert a cellular immune response, resulting in additional killing of tumor cells not lysed by the bacteria, including those in the well-oxygenated tumor area.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C. novyi-NT Spores","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clostridium Novyi-NT Spores","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Clostridium Novyi-NT Spores","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831945"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"502157"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"502157"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Clostridium_Novyi-NT_Spores"}]}}{"C68923":{"preferredName":"Cobimetinib","code":"C68923","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1 or MEK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Cobimetinib specifically binds to and inhibits the catalytic activity of MEK1, resulting in inhibition of extracellular signal-related kinase 2 (ERK2) phosphorylation and activation and decreased tumor cell proliferation. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that this agent is effective in inhibiting the growth of tumor cells bearing a B-RAF mutation, which has been found to be associated with many tumor types. A threonine-tyrosine kinase and a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that is frequently activated in human tumors, MEK1 is required for the transmission of growth-promoting signals from numerous receptor tyrosine kinases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COBIMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cobimetinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cobimetinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cotellic","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0973","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor GDC-0973","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346910"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E or V600K mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ER29L26N1X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551654"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551654"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MEK_Inhibitor_XL518"}]}}{"C124225":{"preferredName":"Cobomarsen","code":"C124225","definitions":[{"description":"A locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based oligonucleotide inhibitor of microRNA (miRNA) 155 (miR-155), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cobomarsen targets, binds to and inhibits miR-155. This silences miR-155 and prevents the translation of certain tumor promoting genes, which leads to the induction of cancer cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell growth. miR-155, an oncogenic single-stranded, non-coding RNA that is critical to the regulation of gene expression, is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types. Up-regulation of miR-155 plays a key role in increased tumor cell proliferation and survival. The LNA is an RNA analog in which the ribose ring is locked in a particular confirmation that increases stability. Compared to the unmodified oligonucleotide, the LNA-modified oligonucleotide shows increased affinity for its target miR-155.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COBOMARSEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cobomarsen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cobomarsen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRG-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502605"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1848257-52-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3JKW7CI9IU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776775"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776775"}]}}{"C80043":{"preferredName":"Codrituzumab","code":"C80043","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface oncofetal protein glypican-3 (GPC3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-GPC3 monoclonal antibody GC33 binds to GPC3 and triggers a host immune response against GPC3-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. GPC3, a heparin sulfate proteoglycan, is frequently upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and mesoderm-derived organs such as the liver, lungs, and kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Glypican 3 Monoclonal Antibody GC33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CODRITUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Codrituzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Codrituzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC-33","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC33","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7686","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 5137382","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5137382","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5137382","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388379"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1365267-33-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U9I0PLD4HT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614683"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614683"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Codrituzumab"}]}}{"C916":{"preferredName":"Coenzyme Q10","code":"C916","definitions":[{"description":"A nutrient that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Coenzyme Q10 helps mitochondria (small structures in the cell) make energy. It is an antioxidant that helps prevent cell damage caused by free radicals (highly reactive chemicals). Coenzyme Q10 is fat-soluble (can dissolve in fats and oils) and is found in fatty fish, beef, soybeans, peanuts, and spinach. It is being studied in the prevention and treatment of some types of cancer and heart disease and in the relief of side effects caused by some cancer treatments.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally occurring benzoquinone important in electron transport in mitochondrial membranes. Coenzyme Q10 functions as an endogenous antioxidant; deficiencies of this enzyme have been observed in patients with many different types of cancer and limited studies have suggested that coenzyme Q10 may induce tumor regression in patients with breast cancer. This agent may have immunostimulatory effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-Decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecanyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Co-Q10","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CoQ10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Coenzyme Q10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Coenzyme Q10","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Coenzyme Q10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Q10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"UBIDECARENONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ubidecarenone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Ubidecarenone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ubiquinone 10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"coenzyme Q10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ubiquinone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"vitamin Q10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"140865"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0056077"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"303-98-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic heart failure; mitochondrial cytopathies"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EJ27X76M46"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39187"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39187"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C59H90O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Coenzyme-Q"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:46245"}]}}{"C2679":{"preferredName":"Colchicine-Site Binding Agent ABT-751","code":"C2679","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called sulfonamides.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable antimitotic sulfonamide. ABT- 751 binds to the colchicine-binding site on beta-tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of microtubules, thereby preventing tumor cell replication. This agent also disrupts tumor neovascularization, reducing tumor blood flow and so inducing a cytotoxic effect. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-751","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ABT-751","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-751","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Colchicine-Site Binding Agent ABT-751","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[2-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)amino]-3-pyridinyl]-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"N-[2-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)amino]-3-pyridinyl]-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134654"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"141430-65-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38646"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38646"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ABT-751"}]}}{"C82344":{"preferredName":"Cold Contaminant-free Iobenguane I-131","code":"C82344","definitions":[{"description":"An I 131 radioiodinated synthetic analogue of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, manufactured with a proprietary process, with radioisotopic and potential antineoplastic activities. Cold contaminant-free iobenguane I 131 (MIBG) localizes to adrenergic tissue and may be used to image or eradicate tumor cells that accumulate and metabolize norepinephrine. This agent is manufactured using a technology that avoids the production of unwanted \"cold contaminants\" (i.e., carrier molecules), which may cause undesirable side effects and compete with MIBG for binding on target receptor sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Azedra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cold Contaminant-free I 131-MIBG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cold Contaminant-free Iobenguane I 131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cold Contaminant-free Iobenguane I-131","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cold Contaminant-free Iobenguane I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultratrace Iodine I 131 Metaiodobenzylguanidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultratrace MIBG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388440"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma (PPGL)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629499"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629499"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cold_Contaminant-free_Iobenguane_I_131"}]}}{"C62538":{"preferredName":"Colloidal Gold-Bound Tumor Necrosis Factor","code":"C62538","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Aurimmune is made in the laboratory by binding a cancer-killing protein called tumor necrosis factor (TNF) to the surface of very tiny particles of gold. These TNF-gold particles may kill cancer cells without harming healthy tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nanoparticle delivery system for recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) consisting of recombinant TNF bound to pegylated colloidal gold nanoparticles with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, colloidal gold-bound recombinant human TNF travels through the bloodstream, avoiding immune detection and uptake by the reticuloendothelial system because of nanoparticle pegylation. Due to their size, the colloidal gold nanoparticles exit the circulatory system only at hyperpermeable tumor neovasculature sites; TNF then binds to and activates tumor cell TNF receptors, which may result in an increase in tumor cell apoptosis and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. Compared to the administration of unbound TNF, colloidal gold-bound TNF may improve the efficacy and safety of TNF administration by delivering TNF specifically to tumor tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurimmune","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Aurimmune","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYT-6091","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colloidal Gold-Bound Recombinant Human Tumor Necrosis Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colloidal Gold-Bound Tumor Necrosis Factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNF-bound colloidal gold","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TNF-bound colloidal gold","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"colloidal gold-bound TNF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"colloidal gold-bound rhTNF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"colloidal gold-bound tumor necrosis factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831911"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492715"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492715"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Colloidal_Gold-Bound_Tumor_Necrosis_Factor"}]}}{"C154278":{"preferredName":"Colorectal Cancer Peptide Vaccine PolyPEPI1018","code":"C154278","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide cancer vaccine consisting of a combination of six synthetic polypeptides directed against cancer testis antigens (CTAs) frequently expressed in colorectal cancers, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Colorectal cancer peptide vaccine PolyPEPI1018 potentially elicits a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against colorectal tumors expressing the CTAs associated with the vaccine, which may result in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colorectal Cancer Peptide Vaccine PolyPEPI1018","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PolyPEPI 1018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PolyPEPI-1018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PolyPEPI1018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PolyPEPI1018 CRC Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PolyPEPI1018 CRC Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555275"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794166"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794166"}]}}{"C79806":{"preferredName":"Colorectal Tumor-Associated Peptides Vaccine IMA910","code":"C79806","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic tumor-associated peptide (TUMAP)-based cancer vaccine directed against colorectal cancer with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Synthetic colorectal tumor-associated peptides vaccine IMA910 contains 13 different synthetic TUMAPs, each of which represents a tumor associated antigen (TAA) specific for colorectal cancer. Upon administration, this agent may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against colorectal tumors expressing these TAAs, which may result in a reduction in colorectal tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colorectal Tumor-Associated Peptides Vaccine IMA910","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA910","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388427"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626093"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626093"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Colorectal_Tumor-Associated_Peptides_Vaccine_IMA910"}]}}{"C80014":{"preferredName":"Combretastatin","code":"C80014","definitions":[{"description":"A stilbenoid phenol, originally isolated from the bark of the African bush willow tree Combretum caffrum, with vascular disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Combretastatin targets and binds to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin, thereby impairs the polymerization of tubulin dimers and prevents the formation of microtubules in the endothelial cells of tumor. As a result, this may eventually lead to a destruction of the tumor vasculature, disruption of tumor blood flow and tumor cell necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-alpha-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)benzeneethanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COMBRETASTATIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Combretastatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combretastatin, (+-)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"348103"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0056152"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"82855-09-2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Combretastatin"}]}}{"C162344":{"preferredName":"Combretastatin A-1","code":"C162344","definitions":[{"description":"A stilbenoid originally isolated from the plant Combretum caffrum, with vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, combretastatin A1 (CA1) promotes rapid microtubule depolymerization; endothelial cell mitotic arrest and apoptosis; destruction of the tumor vasculature; disruption of tumor blood flow; and tumor cell necrosis. In addition, orthoquinone intermediates, metabolized from combretastatin A1 by oxidative enzymes found to be elevated in some tumor types, may bind to tumor cell thiol-specific antioxidant proteins and DNA, and stimulate oxidative stress by enhancing superoxide/hydrogen peroxide production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Benzenediol, 3-Methoxy-6-(2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)-, (Z)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COMBRETASTATIN-A1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Combretastatin A-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combretastatin A1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"600032"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"109971-63-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2222ATS339"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C84867":{"preferredName":"Combretastatin A1 Diphosphate","code":"C84867","definitions":[{"description":"The diphosphate prodrug of the stilbenoid combretastatin A1, originally isolated from the plant Combretum caffrum, with vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, combretastatin A1 diphosphate (CA1P) is dephosphorylated to the active metabolite combretastatin A1 (CA1), which promotes rapid microtubule depolymerization; endothelial cell mitotic arrest and apoptosis, destruction of the tumor vasculature, disruption of tumor blood flow and tumor cell necrosis may ensue. In addition, orthoquinone intermediates, metabolized from combretastatin A1 by oxidative enzymes found to be elevated in some tumor types, may bind to tumor cell thiol-specific antioxidant proteins and DNA, and stimulate oxidative stress by enhancing superoxide/hydrogen peroxide production. CA1 binds to tubulin at the same site as colchicine but with higher affinity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Benzenediol, 3-methoxy-6-((1Z)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)-, 1,2-bis(dihydrogen Phosphate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA1P","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combretastatin A-1 bis(phosphate)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combretastatin A1 Diphosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OXI 4503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OXI-4503","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OXi4503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"600032"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1143252"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"288847-35-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JH6Z94GLUD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653978"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653978"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H22O12P2"}]}}{"C120314":{"preferredName":"Compound Kushen Injection","code":"C120314","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation composed of compound Kushen injection (CKI) containing aqueous extracts from the roots of Kushen (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis) and Baituling (Rhizoma smilacis Glabrae), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. CKI contains numerous chemicals including alkaloids, such as matrine and oxymatrine, flavonoids, alkylxanthones, quinones, triterpene glycosides, fatty acids, and essential oils. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action through which CKI exerts its effects has yet to be fully elucidated, CKI is able to interfere with the activation of various signal transduction pathways, such as the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, inhibit nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-KB) activation, and block the activity of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR). CKI induces apoptosis in and inhibits proliferation, migration, invasion and adhesion of tumor cells. CKI also modulates the production of inflammatory mediators.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CKI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compound Kushen Injection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yanshu Injection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3890596"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768804"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768804"}]}}{"C71015":{"preferredName":"Conatumumab","code":"C71015","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal agonist antibody directed against the extracellular domain of human TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) receptor 2 (TR-2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Conatumumab mimics the activity of native TRAIL, binding to and activating TR-2, thereby activating caspase cascades and inducing tumor cell apoptosis. TR-2 is expressed by a variety of solid tumors and cancers of hematopoietic origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 655","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TRAIL Receptor 2 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 655","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CONATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Conatumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Conatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 10b (Death Receptor 5, Trail-R2, CD262 Antigen))","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal XG1-048 (Arg(Sup 219),Glu(Sup 361),Met(Sup 363))Gamma-1 Heavy Chain (225-215')-Disulphide With Kappa Light Chain (231-231'':234-234'')-Bisdisulphide Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346822"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"896731-82-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1P48L61KM0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573083"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573083"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-TRAIL_Receptor_2_Monoclonal_Antibody_AMG_655"}]}}{"C162879":{"preferredName":"Conbercept","code":"C162879","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, soluble, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) protein composed of the second immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of VEGFR-1, the third and fourth Ig domains of VEGFR-2, and the constant region (Fc) of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) with potential anti-angiogenic activities. Upon intravitreal injection, conbercept, functioning as a soluble decoy receptor, binds with high affinity to all VEGF-A isoforms, VEGF-B, as well as placenta growth factor (PlGF)-1 and PlGF-2. This prevents the binding of these growth factors to their endogenous receptors, potentially inhibiting angiogenesis and tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CONBERCEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Conbercept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KH 902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KH-902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KH902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1227158-72-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1P05PW62F3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798956"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798956"}]}}{"C165273":{"preferredName":"Concentrated Lingzhi Mushroom Extract","code":"C165273","definitions":[{"description":"A nutritional supplement and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) composed of a highly concentrated extract of the fruiting body of the red reishi mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum; lingzhi), with potential immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, the concentrated lingzhi mushroom extract may support the body's immune function and may support the immune system to eliminate tumor cells. The lingzhi mushroom extract contains high amounts of G. lucidum polysaccharides and G. lucidum triterpenoids (GLTs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Concentrated Ganoderma lucidum Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Concentrated Lingzhi Mushroom Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Concentrated Red Reishi Mushroom Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mikei Red Reishi Essence EX","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799459"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799459"}]}}{"C156141":{"preferredName":"Conditionally Active Biologic Anti-AXL Antibody-drug Conjugate BA3011","code":"C156141","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a conditionally active biologic (CAB) antibody against AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL; UFO) conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of CAB-AXL-ADC BA3011, the anti-AXL antibody becomes activated through an as of yet not fully elucidated process only under the unique microphysical conditions that are present in the tumor microenvironment (TME) as a result of the glycolytic metabolism of cancer cells, and not in the microenvironment of normal, healthy tissues. Upon selective binding to AXL-expressing tumor cells and internalization, the cytotoxic agent kills the tumor cells through an as of yet undisclosed mechanism of action (MoA). AXL, a member of the TAM (TYRO3, AXL and MER) family of receptor tyrosine kinases normally expressed on many normal, healthy cells and overexpressed by many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis; its expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis. The CAB antibody allows for efficient and reversible binding to AXL-expressing tumor cells under conditions that are present only in the TME, thereby maximizing efficacy while minimizing toxicity by avoiding activation and thus binding of the antibody to normal, healthy AXL-expressing cells under normal conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC BA3011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BA 3011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BA-3011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BA3011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAB Anti-AXL ADC BA3011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAB-AXL-ADC BA3011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conditionally Active Biologic Anti-AXL Antibody-drug Conjugate BA3011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562853"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795303"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795303"}]}}{"C96796":{"preferredName":"Copanlisib","code":"C96796","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Copanlisib inhibits the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway, which may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 80-6946","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COPANLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Copanlisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Copanlisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor BAY 80-6946","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3852004"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1032568-63-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WI6V529FZ9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653981"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653981"}]}}{"C138994":{"preferredName":"Copanlisib Hydrochloride","code":"C138994","definitions":[{"description":"The dihydrochloride salt form of copanlisib, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Copanlisib inhibits the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway, which may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Pyrimidinecarboxamide, 2-Amino-N-(2,3-dihydro-7-methoxy-8-(3-(4-morpholinyl)propoxy)imidazo(1,2-C)quinazolin-5-yl)-, Hydrochloride (1:2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aliqopa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 80-6946 Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-80-6946 Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COPANLISIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Copanlisib Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copanlisib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Copanlisib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526449"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1402152-13-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"03ZI7RZ52O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C79824":{"preferredName":"Copper Cu 64-ATSM","code":"C79824","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in PET imaging to detect certain types of tumors. Copper Cu 64 is a radioactive substance. It is linked to ATSM, which is taken up by tissues that have low levels of oxygen, such as some tumor tissues. A PET scanner is used to detect which cells in the body have taken up copper Cu 64-ATSM. It is a type of radioimaging agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of a lipophilic copper(II)bis(thiosemicarbazone) labeled with the positron- and beta-emitting isotope (64)Cu with hypoxia-selective and antineoplastic activities. With a high membrane permeability and redox potential, copper Cu 64-ATSM is preferentially taken up by hypoxic cells compared to normoxic cells; the extent of retention in tissue is inversely related to the state of tissue oxygenation allowing the quantitation of tissue hypoxia by positron emission tomography (PET). In addition, the radioactive copper moiety of this agent may deliver a selective cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to hypoxic tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(64)Cu-ATSM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copper Cu 64-ATSM","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Copper Cu 64-ATSM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copper-64-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"copper Cu 64-ATSM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1828021"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626166"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626166"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Copper_Cu_64-ATSM"}]}}{"C80050":{"preferredName":"Copper Gluconate","code":"C80050","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable copper salt of D-gluconic acid. In addition to its roles as an enzyme cofactor for cytochrome C oxidase and superoxide dismutase, copper forms complexes with the thiocarbamate disulfiram (DSF) forming DSF-copper complexes, which enhances the DSF-mediated inhibition of the 26S proteasome; proteasome inhibition may result in inhibition of cellular protein degradation, cessation of cell cycle progression, inhibition of cellular proliferation, and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COPPER GLUCONATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Copper Gluconate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Copper Gluconate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cupric Gluconate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0982097"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"527-09-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RV823G6G67"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614606"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614606"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C6H11O7.Cu"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Copper_Gluconate"}]}}{"C128560":{"preferredName":"Cord Blood-derived Expanded Natural Killer Cells PNK-007","code":"C128560","definitions":[{"description":"A population of allogeneic lytic natural killer (NK) cells derived from human umbilical cord blood (UCB), with potential cytotoxic activity. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are isolated from human UCB; this is followed by ex vivo differentiation into mature, highly lytic, NK cells, and expansion. Upon administration, the CB-derived expanded NK cells PNK-007 may lyse cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cord Blood-derived Expanded NK Cells PNK-007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cord Blood-derived Expanded Natural Killer Cells PNK-007","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cord Blood-derived Expanded Natural Killer Cells PNK-007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human CB-derived Natural Killer Cells PNK-007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNK 007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNK-007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509621"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782352"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782352"}]}}{"C1057":{"preferredName":"Cordycepin","code":"C1057","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to a family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A purine nucleoside antimetabolite and antibiotic isolated from the fungus Cordyceps militaris with potential antineoplastic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Cordycepin is an inhibitor of polyadenylation, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and reduces mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, which may result in both the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-related kinase (PIKK) family, plays an important role in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway that regulates cell growth and proliferation, and its expression or activity is frequently dysregulated in human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3'-Deoxyadenosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3'-dA-CE Phosphoramidite","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-dAdenosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Cordyceposidoadenine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CORDYCEPIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CORDYCEPIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cordycepin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cordycepin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cordycepine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kordicepin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cordycepin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"627047"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"63984"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"401022"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0056331"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"73-03-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"TdT-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GZ8VF4M2J8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42667"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42667"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cordycepin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:29014"}]}}{"C967":{"preferredName":"Cordycepin Triphosphate","code":"C967","definitions":[{"description":"The triphosphate salt of cordycepin, a purine nucleoside antimetabolite and antibiotic isolated from the fungus Cordyceps militaris with potential antineoplastic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Cordycepin is an inhibitor of polyadenylation, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and reduces mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, which may result in both the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-related kinase (PIKK) family, plays an important role in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway that regulates cell growth and proliferation, and its expression or activity is frequently dysregulated in human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CORDYCEPIN TRIPHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cordycepin Triphosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cordycepin-5'-triphosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0046803"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"73-04-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"59P84ZU54H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cordycepin_Triphosphate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:52316"}]}}{"C78184":{"preferredName":"Coriolus Versicolor Extract","code":"C78184","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of breast cancer and other types of cancer. Coriolus versicolor is a type of mushroom. Its extract is used with other treatments in some cultures to treat cancer and other conditions. The extract may boost the immune system, slow the growth of some tumor cells, and lessen the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. It is a type of biological response modifier (BRM) and a type of dietary supplement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An extract derived from the mushroom Coriolus versicolor, containing polysaccharide K (PSK) and polysaccharide-peptide (PSP), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Coriolus versicolor extract has been shown to stimulate the production of lymphocytes and cytokines, such as interferons and interleukins, and may exhibit antioxidant activities. However, the precise mechanism of action(s) of this agent is unknown.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Coriolus Versicolor Extract","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Coriolus Versicolor Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coriolus versicolor extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Yunzhi Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383577"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594403"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594403"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Coriolus_Versicolor_Extract"}]}}{"C76112":{"preferredName":"Corticorelin Acetate","code":"C76112","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of brain cancer. It is made naturally by the hypothalamus (a part of the brain) and can also be made in the laboratory. Human corticotropin-releasing factor may help reduce symptoms caused by edema (swelling) of the brain. It is a type of neurohormone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The acetate salt form of coticorelin, a synthetic peptide of neurohormone corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), with potential antitumor and antiangiogenesis activities. Upon administration, corticorelin stimulates adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion from the anterior pituitary gland. In turn, ACTH stimulates cortisol production from the adrenal cortex and is regulated by a negative feedback mechanism. Corticorelin appears to inhibit swelling around brain tumors through reduction in vascular leakage and maintenance of endothelial cell integrity. This agent potentially suppresses vascularization and tumor cell growth through reduction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that appears to be via activation of corticotrophin-releasing factor receptor 2 (CRFR2), a G protein-coupled receptor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CORTICORELIN ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Corticorelin Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Corticorelin Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Corticotropin-Releasing Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xerecept","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hCRF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"human corticotropin-releasing factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"19437022"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515366"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"86784-80-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2YF82QN5RY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385686"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385686"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C208H344N60O63S2.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Corticorelin_Acetate"}]}}{"C1058":{"preferredName":"Cortisone Acetate","code":"C1058","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt form of cortisone, a synthetic or semisynthetic analog of the naturally occurring cortisone hormone produced by the adrenal glands with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. Cortisone acetate diffuses through the cell membrane and binds to nuclear glucocorticoid receptors. The receptor-ligand complex binds to promotor regions of certain genes and initiates RNA transcription. This results in an induction of synthesis of certain anti-inflammatory proteins while inhibiting the synthesis of certain inflammatory mediators.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"21-(Acetyloxy)-17-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,11,20-trione","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"21-(Acetyloxy)-17-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,11,20-trione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6alpha,9Difluoro-11beta,17,21-trihydroxypregna-1,4- diene-3,20-dione 21-acetate 17- Butyrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CORTISONE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cortisone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortisone acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cortogen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cortogen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cortone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortone acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"49420"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0056391"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-04-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"883WKN7W8X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H30O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cortisone_Acetate"}]}}{"C1877":{"preferredName":"Cositecan","code":"C1877","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to a family of drugs called topoisomerase inhibitors. It is related to the anticancer drug camptothecin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic silicon-containing agent related to camptothecin with antineoplastic properties. Cositecan stabilizes the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks and consequently triggering apoptosis. Because it is lipophilic, cositecan exhibits enhanced tissue penetration and bio-availability compared to water-soluble camptothecins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4S)-4-Ethyl-4-hydroxy-11-(2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl)-1,12-dihydro-14H-pyrano(3',4':6,7)indolizino(1,2-b)quinoline-3,14(4H)-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNP1350","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COSITECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cositecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cositecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DB 172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Karenitecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"karenitecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"710270"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935985"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"203923-89-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"24R60NVC41"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38211"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38211"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H28N2O4Si"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Karenitecin"}]}}{"C61493":{"preferredName":"Coxsackievirus A21","code":"C61493","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally occurring enterovirus with potential antitumor activity. Upon intratumoral administration, coxsackievirus A21 targets and binds to intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and decay acceleration factor (DAF), both cell surface molecules that are both overexpressed on certain malignant cells. After entering the cells, coxsackievirus A21 replicates in these cancer cells, thereby causing cancer cell lysis. This results in a reduction of tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CVA21","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coxsackievirus A21","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Coxsackievirus A21","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1440507"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486330"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486330"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Coxsackievirus_A21"}]}}{"C88342":{"preferredName":"CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide GNKG168","code":"C88342","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, 21-mer, unmethylated CpG motif-based oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), with immunostimulatory activity. CpG oligodeoxynucleotide GNKG168 binds to and activates Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and is taken up into cells by endocytosis; once internalized, it may activate numerous signaling transduction pathways resulting in the release of multiple cytokines, such as immunoglobulins (Igs), interferons (IFNs), interleukins (ILs) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Through activation of TLR9, this ODN can directly stimulate B-lymphocytes, dendritic and natural killer (NK) cells, resulting in an increase in innate immunity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). In addition, through the release of IL-12 and IFN, this agent may induce a preferential shift to the T-helper 1(Th1) phenotype resulting in enhanced CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CpG ODN GNKG168","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide GNKG168","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide GNKG168","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GNKG-168","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GNKG-168","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GNKG168","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981861"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JK03C8HWHK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662816"}]}}{"C64639":{"preferredName":"Crenolanib","code":"C64639","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable benzimidazole targeting the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) subtypes alpha and beta and FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, crenolanib binds to and inhibits both wild-type and mutated forms of PDGFR and Flt3, which may result in the inhibition of PDGFR- and Flt3-related signal transduction pathways. This results in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation in PDGFR and/or Flt3 overexpressing tumor cells. PDGFR and Flt3, class III receptor tyrosine kinases, are upregulated or mutated in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Piperidinamine, 1-[2-[5-[(3-methyl-3-oxetanyl)methoxy]-1Hbenzimidazol-1-yl]-8-quinolinyl]-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-868,596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-868596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRENOLANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Crenolanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDGFR Inhibitor CP-868596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[1-[2-[5-(3-Methyloxetan-3-ylmethoxy)benzimidazol-1-yl]quinolin-8-yl]piperidin-4-yl]amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831982"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"670220-88-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LQF7I567TQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H29N5O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CP-868_596"}]}}{"C106204":{"preferredName":"Crenolanib Besylate","code":"C106204","definitions":[{"description":"The besylate salt form of crenolanib, an orally bioavailable benzimidazole targeting the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) subtypes alpha and beta and FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, crenolanib binds to and inhibits both wild-type and mutated forms of PDGFR and Flt3, which may result in the inhibition of PDGFR- and Flt3-related signal transduction pathways. This results in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation in PDGFR and/or Flt3 overexpressing tumor cells. PDGFR and Flt3, class III receptor tyrosine kinases, are upregulated or mutated in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Piperidinamine, 1-[2-[5-[(3-methyl-3-oxetanyl)methoxy]-1Hbenzimidazol-1-yl]-8-quinolinyl]-, Benzenesulfonate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-868,596-26","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-86859626","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRENOLANIB BESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Crenolanib Besylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Crenolanib Besylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[1-[2-[5-(3-Methyloxetan-3-ylmethoxy)benzimidazol-1-yl]quinolin-8-yl]piperidin-4-yl]amine Monobenzenesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827141"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"670220-93-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MC4B01024K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518325"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518325"}]}}{"C74061":{"preferredName":"Crizotinib","code":"C74061","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It blocks enzymes that cancer cells need to grow and spread. It may also prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally available aminopyridine-based inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and the c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) with antineoplastic activity. Crizotinib, in an ATP-competitive manner, binds to and inhibits ALK kinase and ALK fusion proteins. In addition, crizotinib inhibits c-Met kinase, and disrupts the c-Met signaling pathway. Altogether, this agent inhibits tumor cell growth. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-3-(1-(2,6-Dichloro-3-Fluorophenyl)Ethoxy)-5-(1-(Piperidin-4-Yl)-1h-Pyrazol-4-Yl)Pyridin-2-Amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Pyridinamine, 3-((1R)-1-(2,6-Dichloro-3-Fluorophenyl)Ethoxy)-5-(1-(4-Piperidinyl)-1H-Pyrazol-4-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRIZOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Crizotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Crizotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-02341066","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor PF-02341066","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PF-02341066","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PF-2341066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xalkori","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2974289"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"877399-52-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"53AH36668S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586080"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586080"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H22Cl2FN5O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MET_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_PF-02341066"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64310"}]}}{"C66938":{"preferredName":"Crolibulin","code":"C66938","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule tubulin polymerization inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Microtubulin inhibitor EPC2407 binds to the colchicine-binding site on beta-tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of tubulin into microtubules, which may result in cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. As a vascular disruption agent (VDA), this agent also disrupts tumor neovascularization, which may result in a reduction in tumor blood flow and tumor hypoxia and ischemic necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CROLIBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Crolibulin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Crolibulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPC2407","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microtubule Inhibitor EPC2407","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880474"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1000852-17-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9ENT43KY91"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536028"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536028"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H17BrN4O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"EPC2407"}]}}{"C1546":{"preferredName":"Cryptophycin","code":"C1546","definitions":[{"description":"The cryptophycins are a family of 16-membered macrolide antimitotic agents isolated from the cyanobacteria Nostoc sp. The mechanism of anticancer activity of the cryptophycins has been associated with their destabilization of microtubules and induction of bcl-2 phosphorylation leading to apoptosis. Cryptophycins demonstrated activity against the wide spectrum of solid tumors including those that overexpress the multidrug resistance efflux pump P-glycoprotein. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"10-((3-Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)methyl)-6-methyl-3-(2-methylpropyl)-16-(1-(3-phenyloxiranyl)ethyl)-1,4-dioxa-8,11-diazacyclohexadec-13-ene-2,5,9,12-tetrone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryptophycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cryptophycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cryptophycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryptophycin 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"667642"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0257217"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"124689-65-2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cryptophycin"}]}}{"C1826":{"preferredName":"Cryptophycin 52","code":"C1826","definitions":[{"description":"A member of the cryptophycin family of antitumor agents that binds to microtubules, inducing growth arrest and apoptosis in solid tumors. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C-52","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryptophycin 52","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclo[2,2-dimethyl-.beta.-alanyl-(2S)-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoyl-(2E,5S,6S)-5-hydroxy-6-[(2R,3R)-3-phenyloxiranyl]-2-heptenoyl-3-chloro-O-methyl-D-tyrosyl]","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cyclo[2,2-dimethyl-beta-alanyl-(2S)-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoyl-(2E,5S,6S)-5-hydroxy-6-[(2R,3R)-3-phenyloxiranyl]-2-heptenoyl-3-chloro-O-methyl-D-tyrosyl]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 355703","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0756544"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"186256-67-7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cryptophycin_52"}]}}{"C95769":{"preferredName":"Crystalline Genistein Formulation AXP107-11","code":"C95769","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available crystalline formulation of genistein, a soy-derived isoflavone and phytoestrogen with potential antineoplastic, chemosensitizing, and antioxidant activities. Similar to genistein, crystalline genistein formulation AXP107-11 increases expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), which deactivates protein kinase Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK1 and 3; ERK2 and 1), thereby disrupting PI3K/Akt signal transduction and inducing apoptosis. This agent also induces antioxidant enzymes through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, inhibits NF-kB activation and decreases inflammation response, thereby sensitizing tumors to chemotherapy. Compared to genistein itself, this crystalline formulation shows improved solubility and bioavailability.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXP107-11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Crystalline Genistein Formulation AXP107-11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428211"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683963"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683963"}]}}{"C401":{"preferredName":"Curcumin","code":"C401","definitions":[{"description":"A yellow pigment of the spice turmeric that is being studied in cancer prevention.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A phytopolylphenol pigment isolated from the plant Curcuma longa, commonly known as turmeric, with a variety of pharmacologic properties. Curcumin blocks the formation of reactive-oxygen species, possesses anti-inflammatory properties as a result of inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COX) and other enzymes involved in inflammation; and disrupts cell signal transduction by various mechanisms including inhibition of protein kinase C. These effects may play a role in the agent's observed antineoplastic properties, which include inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and suppression of chemically induced carcinogenesis and tumor growth in animal models of cancer. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E,E)-1,7-Bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C.I. 75300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C.I. Natural Yellow 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CURCUMIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Curcumin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Curcumin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Curcumin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Curcumin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diferuloylmethane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Turmeric Yellow","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"curcumin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"32982"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010467"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"458-37-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IT942ZTH98"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43115"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43115"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H20O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Curcumin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3962"}]}}{"C154569":{"preferredName":"Curcumin/Doxorubicin-encapsulating Nanoparticle IMX-110","code":"C154569","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, nano-sized formulation composed of nanoparticles encapsulating the poorly water-soluble curcumin, a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3), nuclear factor Kappa B (NF-kB) and poly-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), and the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the curcumin/doxorubicin-encapsulating nanoparticle IMX-110, the curcumin moiety targets and inhibits the activation of STAT3 and NF-kB and prevents STAT3- and NF-kB-mediated signaling pathways, both of which are activated in a variety of human cancers and plays a key role in neoplastic transformation, uncontrolled tumor cell proliferation, tumor resistance to apoptosis, metastasis and immune evasion. The doxorubicin moiety intercalates into DNA and interferes with topoisomerase II activity. This inhibits DNA replication and RNA synthesis, leading to tumor cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. This agent also interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. Delivery of doxorubicin in nanoparticles may improve drug penetration into tumors and curcumin, by inhibiting NFkB and STAT3 activity, may circumvent the tumor cells multidrug resistance mechanisms and may therefore be effective in chemoresistant tumor cells. Chemotherapeutic agents, such as doxorubicin, upregulate the expression of NF-kB in tumor cells which generates chemotherapy-resistant tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Curcumin/Doxorubicin-encapsulating Nanoparticle IMX-110","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMX 110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMX-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMX110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stat3/NF-kB/poly-tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor/Doxorubicin-encapsulating Nanoparticle IMX-110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555361"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794327"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782631"}]}}{"C106116":{"preferredName":"Cusatuzumab","code":"C106116","definitions":[{"description":"A defucosylated, humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cusatuzumab selectively binds to, and neutralizes the activity of CD70, which may also induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against CD70-expressing tumor cells. CD70, the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27 and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is found on a number of solid and hematological tumors. Its overexpression may play an important role in evasion of immune surveillance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARGX-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD70 Monoclonal Antibody ARGX-110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUSATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cusatuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cusatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447355"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1864871-20-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RR5U4UFJ8L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748589"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748589"}]}}{"C1055":{"preferredName":"Custirsen Sodium","code":"C1055","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks the production of a protein called clusterin, which helps cells live longer. This may kill cancer cells that need clusterin to grow. It may also make cells more sensitive to anticancer drugs. It is a type of antisense oligonucleotide, and a type of chemosensitizing agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The eicosasodium salt of a mixed-backbone antisense oligodeoxynucleotide with chemosensitizing properties. Custirsen inhibits testosterone-repressed prostate message-2 (TRPM-2). Administration of custirsen abrogates the anti-apoptotic effect of TRPM-2, thereby sensitizing cells to chemotherapy and resulting in tumor cell death. TRPM-2 is an anti-apoptotic clusterin that is overexpressed by prostate cancer cells and is associated with chemoresistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3'-5')d(P-thio)([2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)]m5rC-[2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)]rA-[2'-O-(2- methoxyethyl)]rG-[2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)]m5rC-A-G-C-A-G-A-G-T-C-T-T-C-A-[2'-O-(2- methoxyethyl)]m5rU-[2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)]m5rC-[2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)]rA-[2'-O-(2- methoxyethyl)]m5rU), Eicosasodium Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antisense TRPM-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antisense Testosterone-Repressed Prostate Message 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUSTIRSEN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clusterin Antisense Oligonucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Custirsen Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Custirsen Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS 112989","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OGX-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRPM-2 Antisense","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"custirsen sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328699"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"685922-56-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ILE26V76EB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"271195"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"271195"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C231H292N78O119P20S20.20Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"OGX-011"}]}}{"C148166":{"preferredName":"Cyclin-dependent Kinase 8/19 Inhibitor BCD 115","code":"C148166","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinases 8 and 19 (CDK8/19), with potential antineoplastic and chemoprotective activities. Upon oral administration, CDK8/19 inhibitor BCD 115 binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK8/19, which prevents activation of CDK8/19-mediated oncogenic signaling pathways, blocks selective transcription of certain tumor promoting genes, and inhibits proliferation of CDK8/19-overexpressing tumor cells. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and may be overexpressed in certain cancer cell types. CDK8 plays a key role in transcription regulation and is an important oncogenic driver in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCD 115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD-115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK 8/19 Inhibitor BCD 115","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin-dependent Kinase 8/19 Inhibitor BCD 115","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550778"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792544"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792544"}]}}{"C151988":{"preferredName":"Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitor PF-06873600","code":"C151988","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PF-06873600 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDKs. Inhibition of these kinases leads to cell cycle arrest, an induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are ATP-dependent serine/threonine kinases that are important regulators of cell cycle progression and proliferation and are frequently overexpressed in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK Inhibitor PF-06873600","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitor PF-06873600","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitor PF-06873600","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06873600","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06873600","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553210"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637599"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637599"}]}}{"C62600":{"preferredName":"Cyclodextrin-Based Polymer-Camptothecin CRLX101","code":"C62600","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of camptothecin, an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, conjugated with to a hydrophilic, cyclodextrin-based linear polymer with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, camptothecin is slowly released from the formulation at the tumor site and taken up by tumor cells. During the S phase of the cell cycle, camptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. Compared to camptothecin alone, the cyclodextrin-based polymer formulation has a prolonged half life and greatly improves the biodistribution of camptothecin resulting in an accumulation of camptothecin at the tumor site, which enhances tumor exposure while greatly reducing toxic side effects. In addition, cyclodextrin-based polymer-camptothecin may be able to overcome certain kinds of multidrug resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRLX101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptothecin-Polymer Conjugate IT-101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclodextrin-Based Polymer-Camptothecin CRLX101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cyclodextrin-Based Polymer-Camptothecin CRLX101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IT-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831896"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489507"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489507"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cyclodextrin-Based_Polymer-Camptothecin"}]}}{"C28899":{"preferredName":"Cyclodisone","code":"C28899","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclic sulfonate ester with potential antineoplastic activity. As an alkylating agent, clyclodisone induces the formation of DNA interstrand crosslinks, DNA strand breaks, and alkali-labile lesions in the DNA of some tumor cell lines. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA synthesis and cell division. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cyclodisone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"348948"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0056746"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"99591-73-8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cyclodisone"}]}}{"C404":{"preferredName":"Cycloleucine","code":"C404","definitions":[{"description":"A non-metabolizable synthetic amino acid, formed through the cyclization of the amino acid leucine, with immunosuppressive, antineoplastic, and cytostatic activities. Cycloleucine competitively inhibits the enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase, resulting in the inhibition of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthesis from methionine and ATP, and subsequent nucleic acid methylation and polyamine production; RNA, and perhaps to a lesser extent, DNA biosyntheses and cell cycle progression are finally disrupted. This agent is also a competitive inhibitor at the glycine modulatory site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Aminocyclopentane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACPC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ACPC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB 1639","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CB-1639","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYCLOLEUCINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cycloleucine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cycloleucine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"1026"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010575"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52-52-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0TQU7668EI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39200"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39200"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H11NO2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cycloleucine"}]}}{"C1359":{"preferredName":"Cyclopentenyl Cytosine","code":"C1359","definitions":[{"description":"A pro-drug carbocyclic analogue of cytidine with antineoplastic and antiviral activities. Cyclopentenyl cytosine (CPEC) is converted to the active metabolite cyclopentenyl cytosine 5'-triphosphate (CPEC-TP); CPEC-TP competitively inhibits cytidine triphosphate (CTP) synthase, thereby depleting intracellular cytidine pools and inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent may also induce differentiation of some tumor cell types. The antiviral activity of this agent is broad-spectrum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-amino-1-[4, 5-dihydroxy- 3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-yl]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CPE-C","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclopentenyl Cytosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclopentenylcytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cyclopentenylcytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclopentenylcytosine Triphosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"375575"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0111606"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"90597-22-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41433"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41433"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cyclopentenyl_Cytosine"}]}}{"C61694":{"preferredName":"Cyclophosphamide Anhydrous","code":"C61694","definitions":[{"description":"The anhydrous form of cyclophosphamide, a synthetic nitrogen mustard alkylating agent, with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. In the liver, cyclophosphamide is converted to active metabolites including phosphoramide mustard, which binds to and crosslinks DNA and RNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and protein synthesis. This agent, at low doses, is also a potent immunosuppressant primarily by depleting T-regulatory cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-2-amine, N,N-is(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-,2-oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cyclophosphamide Anhydrous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-2-amine 2-Oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880207"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-18-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6UXW23996M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H15Cl2N2O2P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cyclophosphamide_Anhydrous"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4027"}]}}{"C406":{"preferredName":"Cyclosporine","code":"C406","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to help reduce the risk of rejection of organ and bone marrow transplants by the body. It is also used in clinical trials to make cancer cells more sensitive to anticancer drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural cyclic polypeptide immunosuppressant isolated from the fungus Beauveria nivea. The exact mechanism of action of cyclosporine is not known but may involve binding to the cellular protein cytophilin, resulting in inhibition of the enzyme calcineurin. This agent appears to specifically and reversibly inhibit immunocompetent lymphocytes in the G0-or G1-phase of the cell cycle. T-lymphocytes are preferentially inhibited with T-helper cells as the primary target. Cyclosporine also inhibits lymphokine production and release. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"27-400","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"27-400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYCLOSPORINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ciclosporin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ciclosporin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CsA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclosporin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclosporin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cyclosporin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclosporine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cyclosporine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cyclosporine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclosporine Modified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gengraf","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoral","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OL 27-400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sandimmune","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SangCya","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cyclosporine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"290193"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010592"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"59865-13-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Allogenic transplants; prophylaxis of organ rejection in bone marrow; kidney; liver and heart transplants; psoriasis; rheumatoid arthritis; various diseases that involve autoimmune response"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"83HN0GTJ6D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39201"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39201"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C62H111N11O12"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cyclosporine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4031"}]}}{"C407":{"preferredName":"Cyproterone","code":"C407","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic steroidal anti-androgen with antineoplastic activity. Cyproterone, in its acetate form, binds the androgen receptor (AR), thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation and inhibiting the growth of testosterone-sensitive tumor cells. This agent also exerts progesterogenic activity, resulting in a reduction in testicular androgen secretion and total androgen blockade. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYPROTERONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cyproterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Med Cyproterone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SH-881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010621"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2098-66-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E61Q31EK2F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H27ClO3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cyproterone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50742"}]}}{"C1059":{"preferredName":"Cyproterone Acetate","code":"C1059","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic hormone being studied for treatment of hot flashes in men with prostate cancer who have had both testicles removed by surgery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The acetate salt of a synthetic steroidal antiandrogen with weak progestational and antineoplastic activities. Cyproterone binds the androgen receptor (AR), thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation in target tissues and inhibiting the growth of testosterone-sensitive tumor cells. This agent also exerts progestational agonist properties at the level of the pituitary that reduce luteinizing hormone (LH), resulting in reductions in testicular androgen secretion and serum testosterone levels. Treatment with cyproterone alone results in incomplete suppression of serum testosterone levels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3'H-Cyclopropa(1,2)pregna-1,4,6-triene-3,20-dione, 17-(Acetyloxy)-6-chloro-1,2-dihydro-, (1beta,2beta)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Chloro-1b,2b-dihydro-17a-hydroxy-3'H-cyclopropa[1,2]pregna-1,4,6-triene-3,20-dione Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Andro-Diane","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androcur","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Androcur","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYPROTERONE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Chloro-6-hydroxy-17 Alpha Methylene-1 Alpha, 2 Alpha Pregnadiene-4,6 Dione-3, 20 Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CyPat","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyprone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyprostat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyproteronazetat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyproterone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cyproterone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyproteroni Acetas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diane","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dianette","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SH 714","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SH-714","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SH-714","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cyproterone acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"81430"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0056855"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"427-51-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4KM2BN5JHF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39203"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39203"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H29ClO4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cyproterone_Acetate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50743"}]}}{"C408":{"preferredName":"Cytarabine","code":"C408","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of leukemia and prevent the spread of leukemia to the meninges (three thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord). It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Cytarabine blocks tumor growth by stopping DNA synthesis. It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antimetabolite analogue of cytidine with a modified sugar moiety (arabinose instead of ribose). Cytarabine is converted to the triphosphate form within the cell and then competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA. Because the arabinose sugar sterically hinders the rotation of the molecule within DNA, DNA replication ceases, specifically during the S phase of the cell cycle. This agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, resulting in a decrease in DNA replication and repair. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":".beta.-Cytosine arabinoside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-.beta.-D-Arabinofuranosyl-4-amino-2(1H)pyrimidinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-.beta.-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-Beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-4-amino-2(1H)pyrimidinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1.beta.-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-Amino-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-amino-1.beta.-D-arabinofuranosyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-Amino-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARA-cell","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alexan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ara-C","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arabine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arabinofuranosylcytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Arabinofuranosylcytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arabinosylcytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Arabinosylcytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aracytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Aracytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aracytin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aracytine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-Cytosine Arabinoside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHX-3311","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYTARABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cytarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cytarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytarabinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytarbel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytosar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cytosar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytosar-U","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytosine Arabinoside","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cytosine-.beta.-arabinoside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cytosine-beta-arabinoside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erpalfa","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Starasid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tarabine PFS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U 19920","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"U 19920","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-19920","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Udicil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-28453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cytarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"287459"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010711"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"147-94-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Meningeal leukemia; Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Meningitis lymphomatous; Myelodysplasic syndrome; Non-Hodgkins lymphoma; Ovarian cancer, intraperitoneal treatment; Retinoblastoma"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute lymphocytic leukemia; Acute Nonlymphocytic leukemia; Bone marrow transplantation; Carcinomatous meningitis; Chronic myelogenous leukemia; Hogkins disease;"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"04079A1RDZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39015"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39015"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H13N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cytosine_Arabinoside"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28680"}]}}{"C128888":{"preferredName":"Cytarabine Monophosphate Prodrug MB07133","code":"C128888","definitions":[{"description":"A prodrug of the monophosphate (MP) form of the antimetabolite cytarabine (araCMP), an analogue of cytidine with a modified sugar moiety (arabinose instead of ribose), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the cytarabine MP prodrug MB07133, the targeting moiety of this agent specifically delivers the cytarabine moiety to the liver. In turn, araCMP is selectively converted to araC triphosphate (araCTP) by a liver kinase, where it binds to and competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA polymerase, and DNA synthesis. This leads to the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and destruction of liver cancer cells. The liver is not able to convert araC into araCMP; araCMP is not converted into araCTP in tissues other than the liver. This enhances efficacy and minimizes systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2R,4S)-4-amino-1-[5-O-[2-oxo-4-(4-pyridyl)-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-2-yl]-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl]-2(1H)-pyrimidinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytarabine Monophosphate Prodrug MB07133","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytarabine Prodrug MB07133","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MB07133","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328712"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352009"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352009"}]}}{"C153327":{"preferredName":"Aspacytarabine","code":"C153327","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule pro-drug consisting of cytarabine, an antimetabolite analog of cytidine with a modified arabinose sugar moiety, covalently bonded to asparagine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, aspacytarabine targets cancer cells, which often lack asparagine synthetase and are dependent on an external source of amino acids due to their high metabolic rate. Once the prodrug is inside target cells, the cytarabine component is cleaved and competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA. The arabinose sugar moiety of cytarabine sterically hinders the rotation of the molecule within DNA, resulting in cell cycle arrest, specifically during the S phase of replication. Cytarabine also inhibits DNA polymerase, resulting in a decrease in DNA replication and repair. Because BST-236 specifically targets cancer cells, it may spare normal tissues from cytarabine-related toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASPACYTARABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ara-C Asparagine Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aspacytarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aspacytarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asparagine Ara-C Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asparagine Cytarabine Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BST 236","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BST-236","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BST236","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytarabine Asparagine Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554435"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JL7V54Z2BR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795601"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795601"}]}}{"C113444":{"preferredName":"Cytidine Analog RX-3117","code":"C113444","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule and nucleoside antimetabolite with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the cytidine analog RX-3117 is taken up by cells through a carrier-mediated transporter, phosphorylated by uridine cytidine kinase (UCK) and then further phosphorylated to its diphosphate (RX-DP) and triphosphate forms (RX-TP). The triphosphate form is incorporated into RNA and inhibits RNA synthesis. The diphosphate RX-DP is reduced by ribonucleotide reductase (RR) to dRX-DP; its triphosphate form (dRX-TP) is incorporated into DNA. In addition, RX-3117 also inhibits DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). This eventually leads to cell cycle arrest and the induction of apoptosis. UCK is the rate-limiting enzyme in the pyrimidine-nucleotide salvage pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Amino-1-((1S,4R,5S)-2-fluoro-4,5-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopent-2-en-1-yl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytidine Analog RX-3117","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cytidine Analog RX-3117","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorocyclopentenylcytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RX-3117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TV-1360","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3834251"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"865838-26-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747250"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747250"}]}}{"C28950":{"preferredName":"Cytochlor","code":"C28950","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of radiosensitizer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radio-sensitizing pyrimidine nucleoside with potential antineoplastic activity. Cytochlor is metabolized first to a phosphate derivative, CldCMP, by the enzyme deoxycytidine kinase and then to the active uracyl derivative, CldUMP, by the enzyme dCMP deaminase; deoxycytidine kinase and dCMP deaminase have been found in abnormally high concentrations in most cancers. CldUMP, the active metabolite, incorporates into DNA and, upon exposure to radiation, induces the formation of uracil radicals and double-strand DNA breaks. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYTOCHLOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cytochlor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cytochlor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"371331"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328172"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"32387-56-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J14D49ZN55"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"353478"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"353478"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cytochlor"}]}}{"C53396":{"preferredName":"Cytokine-based Biologic Agent IRX-2","code":"C53396","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-free mixture comprised of a variety of naturally-derived cytokines obtained from normal, unrelated donor lymphocytes with potential immunostimulatory activity. The cytokines in IRX-2, including interleukin (IL)-1, -2, -6, -8, -10, -12, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and colony stimulating factors (CSFs), play vital roles in regulating cellular immunity and may synergistically stimulate a cellular immune response against tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cytokine-based Biologic Agent IRX-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRX-2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0758290"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462160"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462160"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"IRX-2"}]}}{"C69140":{"preferredName":"D-methionine Formulation MRX-1024","code":"C69140","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary oral formulation of D-methionine with antioxidant and antimucositis activities. D-methionine formulation MRX-1024 may selectively protect the oral mucosa from the toxic effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy without compromising antitumor activity. D-methionine may be converted into the L- isomer in vivo, particularly in instances of L-methionine deprivation; both isomers have antioxidant activity which may be due, in part, to their sulfur moieties and chelating properties. L-methionine, an essential amino acid, also may help to maintain the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione in cells undergoing oxidative stress and may provide a source of L-cysteine for glutathione synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D-methionine Formulation MRX-1024","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRX-1024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL371849"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"540244"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"540244"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"D-methionine_Formulation_MRX-1024"}]}}{"C2383":{"preferredName":"DAB389 Epidermal Growth Factor","code":"C2383","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fusion protein composed of the diphtheria toxin with the receptor-binding domain replaced by human epidermal growth factor (EGF). When administered, EGF binds to the endothelial cell growth factor receptor, EGFR, which is upregulated in many solid tumors. After binding to the EGF receptor, the agent is internalized by the cell, where the diphtheria toxin moiety exerts its cytotoxic effect, inhibiting protein synthesis through ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor 2. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DAB389 EGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAB389 Epidermal Growth Factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281573"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42032"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42032"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"DAB389_Epidermal_Growth_Factor"}]}}{"C64784":{"preferredName":"DACH Polymer Platinate AP5346","code":"C64784","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of head and neck cancer. It may kill cancer cells by carrying an anticancer drug into the tumor. It is a type of platinum compound.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A low molecular weight polymer-conjugated platinum complex with potential antineoplastic activity. This polymer drug delivery system consists of cytotoxic diaminocyclohexane (DACH)-platinum (Pt) coupled to a water-soluble biocompatible hydroxypropylmethacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer via a pH sensitive linker. Due to decreased pH at the tumor site, the linker is cleaved and the chelated active moiety DACH-Pt is released in tumor cells. DACH-Pt alkylates macromolecules and causes both inter- and intra-strand platinum-DNA crosslinks, which impede DNA replication and transcription, thereby resulting in cell-cycle independent cytotoxicity. The HPMA-based drug delivery system enhances the concentration of DACH-Pt at the tumor site and prolongs the half life of the agent, thereby increasing exposure and efficacy at the target tumor sites while minimizing side effects in normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP5346","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AP5346","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACH Polymer Platinate AP5346","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1723251"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526175"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526175"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"DACH_Polymer_Platinate_AP5346"}]}}{"C113175":{"preferredName":"DACH-Platin Micelle NC-4016","code":"C113175","definitions":[{"description":"Polymeric micellar nanoparticles containing diaminocyclohexane platinum (DACH-platin or DACH-Pt) with potential antineoplastic activity. DACH-platin micelle NC-4016 is prepared through the formation of a polymer-metal complex between DACH-platin and the polyethylene glycol-poly (glutamic acid) block copolymer, PEG-P(Glu). DACH-platin, an active metabolite of the platinum-based antineoplastic agent oxaliplatin, is highly hydrophobic and toxic when administered systemically. The use of polymeric micelles incorporating DACH-platin may both increase cell permeability and enhance the retention of the agent. This allows an extended half-life in the blood circulation and a selective and high accumulation of DACH-platin at tumor sites. This results in increased anticancer efficacy while reducing side effects due to DACH-platin toxicity. Upon intravenous administration and internalization by tumor cells, DACH-platin binds to and causes both inter- and intra-strand cross-links in DNA, forming platinum adducts and triggering tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DACH-Platin Micelle NC-4016","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACH-Pt/m NC-4016","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dach-Platin Micelle NC-4016","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diaminocyclohexane Platinum Micelle NC-4016","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC-4016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL455246"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755556"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755556"}]}}{"C84859":{"preferredName":"DEC-205/NY-ESO-1 Fusion Protein CDX-1401","code":"C84859","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein consisting of a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the endocytic dendritic cell (DC) receptor, DEC-205, linked to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) NY-ESO-1 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The monoclonal antibody moiety of DEC-205/NY-ESO-1 fusion protein CDX-1401 binds to the endocytic DC receptor, which may result in DC endocytic internalization of this agent, specifically delivering the NY-ESO-1 moiety. DC processing of NY-ESO-1 may boost the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response (CTL) against cancer cells expressing NY-ESO-1. NY-ESO-1, a cell surface protein expressed in normal fetal and adult testes, is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDX-1401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEC-205/NY-ESO-1 Fusion Protein CDX-1401","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DEC-205/NY-ESO-1 Fusion Protein CDX-1401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412417"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651880"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651880"}]}}{"C2649":{"preferredName":"DHA-Paclitaxel","code":"C2649","definitions":[{"description":"A combination of DHA (a natural fatty acid) and paclitaxel (an anticancer drug) being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of mitotic inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A prodrug comprised of the naturally occurring omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) covalently conjugated to the anti-microtubule agent paclitaxel. Because tumor cells take up DHA, DHA-paclitaxel is delivered directly to tumor tissue, where the paclitaxel moiety binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. Paclitaxel also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein Bcl-2 (B-cell Leukemia 2). DHA-paclitaxel exhibits improved pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiles when compared to conventional paclitaxel and has demonstrated antineoplastic activity in animal models of cancer. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DHA-Paclitaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DHA-Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHA-paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Docosahexaenoic Acid-Paclitaxel conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TXP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxoprexin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"28247"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134470"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"73-67-6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38414"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38414"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"DHA-Paclitaxel"}]}}{"C2707":{"preferredName":"DHEA Mustard","code":"C2707","definitions":[{"description":"A steroidal alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and, in some cases, chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA replication and cell division. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DHEA Mustard","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dehydroepiandrosterone mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"dehydroepiandrosterone mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"121210"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279151"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39214"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39214"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"DHEA_Mustard"}]}}{"C78451":{"preferredName":"DI-Leu16-IL2 Immunocytokine","code":"C78451","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fusion protein consisting of de-immunized and humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody Leu16 fused to human cytokine interleukin-2 (IL2) with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of DI-Leu16-IL2 immunocytokine binds to tumor cells expressing the CD20 antigen, which may result in an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) towards CD20-expressing tumor cells; the localized IL2 moiety of this fusion protein may stimulate natural killer (NK) and T-lymphocyte mediated immune responses, enhancing the ADCC response. De-immunization involves the modification of potential helper T cell epitopes that bind to MHC class II molecules; humanization involves combining recombinant murine variable (V) regions with human immunoglobulin light and heavy chain constant regions. CD20 antigen, a hydrophobic transmembrane protein located on normal pre-B and mature B lymphocytes, is overexpressed by various cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DI-Leu16-IL-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DI-Leu16-IL2 Immunocytokine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DI-Leu16-IL2 Immunocytokine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"De-Immunized Anti-CD20-IL-2 Immunocytokine DI-Leu16-IL-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387463"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599668"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599668"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"De-Immunized_DI-Leu16-IL2_Immunocytokine"}]}}{"C113331":{"preferredName":"DKK1-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody DKN-01","code":"C113331","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against Wnt antagonist Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) with potential anti-osteolytic activity. DKK1-neutralizing monoclonal antibody DKN-01 binds to and inhibits DKK1, which restores Wnt pathway signaling. Reactivation of the Wnt signaling pathway may result in the differentiation and activation of osteoblasts within the bone matrix and the reversal of tumor-induced osteolytic disease. Elevated levels of circulating DKK1, a potent Wnt signaling pathway antagonist, is associated with a number of neoplastic diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DKK1-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody DKN-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DKK1-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody DKN-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DKN-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458159"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756044"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756044"}]}}{"C90539":{"preferredName":"DM-CHOC-PEN","code":"C90539","definitions":[{"description":"A cholesterol carbonate derivative of 4-demethylpenclomedine (DM-PEN) with potential antineoplastic alkylating activity. Upon intravenous administration of 4-demethylcholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine, the carbonium moiety binds to and alkylates DNA at the N7 guanine position, thereby causing DNA crosslinks. This prevents DNA replication, inhibits cellular proliferation and triggers apoptosis. In addition, due to its lipophilic cholesteryl moiety this agent is able to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) and therefore can be given intravenously compared to other alkylating agents that need to be given intra-cranially.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Demethylcholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DM-CHOC-PEN","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DM-CHOC-PEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416220"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"664344"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"664344"}]}}{"C77864":{"preferredName":"DM4-Conjugated Anti-Cripto Monoclonal Antibody BIIB015","code":"C77864","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface-associated protein Cripto and conjugated to the maytansinoid DM4 with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of DM4-conjugated anti-Cripto monoclonal antibody BIIB015 binds to the tumor associated antigen (TAA) Cripto; upon internalization, the DM4 moiety binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in inhibition of cell division and cell growth of Cripto-expressing tumor cells. Constitutively expressed during embryogenesis, Cripto belongs to the EGF-CFC family of growth factor-like molecules and plays a key role in signaling pathways of certain transforming growth factor-beta superfamily members; as a TAA, Cripto is overexpressed in carcinomas such as those of the breast, ovary, stomach, lung, and pancreas while its expression is absent in normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIIB015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DM4-Conjugated Anti-Cripto Monoclonal Antibody BIIB015","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713087"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596550"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596550"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"DM4-Conjugated_Anti-Cripto_Monoclonal_Antibody_BIIB015"}]}}{"C92588":{"preferredName":"DNA Interference Oligonucleotide PNT2258","code":"C92588","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation of the 24-mer oligonucleotide PNT100, with potential antineoplastic activity. PNT2258 targets and complements to untranscribed DNA sequence upstream of BCL2 promoters, thereby interfering with DNA replication and transcription of the BCL2 gene. This may promote and restore the apoptotic pathway in BCL2-overexpressing tumor cells. BCL2, an anti-apoptotic protein, is overexpressed in a wide variety of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA Interference Oligonucleotide PNT2258","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNAi Drug PNT2258","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNT2258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2985197"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685213"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685213"}]}}{"C29435":{"preferredName":"DNA Minor Groove Binding Agent SG2000","code":"C29435","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called DNA cross-linking agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sequence-selective pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer with potential antineoplastic activity. Following intravenous administration, DNA minor groove binding agent SG2000 preferentially and covalently binds to purine-GATC-pyrimidine sequences, with the imine/carbinolamine moieties of SG2000 binding to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces interstrand cross-links and inhibits both DNA replication and gene transcription, which lead to the inhibition of cell growth. With a preference for binding to purine-GATC-pyrimidine sequences, SG2000 adducts do not appear to be susceptible to p53-mediated DNA excision repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(11aS,11a'S)-8,8'-(propane-1,3-diylbis(oxy))bis(7-methoxy-2-methylene-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[e]pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-5(11aH)-one)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BN2629","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA Minor Groove Binding Agent SG2000","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DNA Minor Groove Binding Agent SG2000","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSC 694501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SG2000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SJG-136","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SJG136","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"694501"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519143"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"232931-57-6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415963"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415963"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SJG-136"}]}}{"C116709":{"preferredName":"DNA Plasmid Encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012","code":"C116709","definitions":[{"description":"A plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) with potential immunoactivating activity. Upon intramuscular delivery by electroporation of DNA plasmid encoding interleukin-12 INO-9012, IL-12 is translated in cells and activates the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NK cells), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma and promoting cytotoxic T-cell responses against tumor cells. This may result in both immune-mediated tumor cell death and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA Plasmid Encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DNA Plasmid Encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-9012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473906"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762182"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762182"}]}}{"C163978":{"preferredName":"DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012/PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmids INO-5150 Formulation INO-5151","code":"C163978","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA-based combined formulation composed of INO-5150, DNA plasmids encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and INO-9012, a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the immune activator and pro-inflammatory cytokine human interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular delivery of INO-5151 and electroporation of the PSA/PSMA DNA plasmid INO-5150, PSA and PSMA are translated in cells and elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing PSA and PSMA, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Upon electroporation of the DNA plasmid encoding IL-12 INO-9012, IL-12 is translated in cells and the expressed IL-12 activates the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NK cells), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and promoting CTL responses against tumor cells. This boosts the immune response and results in increased CTL-mediated tumor cell death as compared with the administration of INO-5150 alone. PSA and PSMA are overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012/PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmids INO-5150 Formulation INO-5151","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012/PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmids INO-5150 Formulation INO-5151","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Formulation INO-5150 with INO-9012","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO 5151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-5150 with INO-9012","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-5150/INO-9012 Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-5151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO5151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C123919":{"preferredName":"DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12/HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine MEDI0457","code":"C123919","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA-based combination immunotherapeutic, MEDI0457, composed of VGX-3100, a preparation of DNA plasmids encoding the E6 and E7 genes of human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes 16 and 18, combined with INO-9012, a DNA plasmid encoding the immune activator and pro-inflammatory cytokine human interleukin-12 (IL-12) with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular delivery by electroporation of VGX-3100, the HPV E6 and E7 proteins are translated in cells and elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing the E6 and E7 antigens, resulting in tumor cell lysis. HPV type 16 and HPV type 18 are associated with the development of certain types of cancer. Upon intramuscular delivery by electroporation of INO-9012, IL-12 is expressed and activates the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NK cells), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and promoting CTL responses against tumor cells. This boosts the immune response and results in increased CTL-mediated tumor cell death as compared with the administration of VGX-3100 alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12/HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine MEDI0457","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12/HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine MEDI0457","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO 3112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-3112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-3112 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 0457","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-0457","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI0457","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VGX-3100 Plus INO-9012","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498283"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775854"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775854"}]}}{"C123923":{"preferredName":"DNA Vaccine VB10.16","code":"C123923","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic DNA vaccine composed of three parts, one encodes the E6/E7 fusion protein of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (HPV16), the second is a dimerization entity and the third part encodes a protein that specifically binds to antigen presenting cells (APCs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration, the DNA vaccine VB10.16 expresses HPV16 E6/7 and a protein that targets receptors on APCs. Upon binding to APCs and subsequent internalization, the APCs mature and the HPV16 E6/7 antigenic protein is presented by the APCs. This attracts and stimulates B-lymphocytes, CD4-positive T-lymphocytes and elicits a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing HPV16-associated E6 and E7 oncoproteins, which result in tumor cell lysis. HPV16 E6/7, a viral antigen, plays a key role in the development of certain types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA Vaccine VB10.16","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VB10.16","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VB10.16 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498287"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775928"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775928"}]}}{"C97040":{"preferredName":"DNA-PK/TOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-115","code":"C97040","definitions":[{"description":"A dual inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. CC-115 binds to and inhibits the activity of DNA-PK and both raptor-mTOR (TOR complex 1 or TORC1) and rictor-mTOR (TOR complex 2 or TORC2), which may lead to a reduction in cellular proliferation of cancer cells expressing DNA-PK and TOR. DNA-PK, a serine/threonine kinase and a member of the PI3K-related kinase subfamily of protein kinases, is activated upon DNA damage and plays a key role in repairing double-stranded DNA breaks via the DNA nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in a variety of tumors, plays an important role downstream in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA-PK/TOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-115","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DNA-PK/TOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-115","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273208"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700650"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700650"}]}}{"C129061":{"preferredName":"DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor VX-984","code":"C129061","definitions":[{"description":"An ATP-competitive inhibitor of the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), with potential sensitizing and enhancing activities for both chemo- and radiotherapies. Upon administration, DNA-PK inhibitor VX-984 binds to and inhibits the catalytic subunit of DNA-PK, thereby interfering with the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) process and preventing repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) caused by ionizing radiation or chemotherapeutic treatment. This increases chemo- and radiotherapy cytotoxicity and leads to enhanced tumor cell death. The enhanced ability of tumor cells to repair DSBs plays a major role in the resistance of tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy; DNA-PK plays a key role in the NHEJ pathway and DSB repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA-PK Inhibitor VX-984","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor VX-984","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor VX-984","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX-984","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX984","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512131"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783593"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783593"}]}}{"C2530":{"preferredName":"DNMT1 Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide MG 98","code":"C2530","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks the production of a protein called DNA methyltransferase, which helps control gene expression. This may kill cancer cells that need DNA methyltransferase to grow. It is a type of antisense oligonucleotide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A second-generation, mixed-backbone, phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide (ODN) with potential antitumor activity. MG 98 is a highly specific inhibitor of translation of the mRNA for human DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), hybridizing to the 3' un-translated region of DNMT1 mRNA. The silencing of DNMT1 translation by MG 98 may result in the prevention or reversal of abnormal methylation of tumor suppressor genes and ultimately in tumor growth inhibition or tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNMT1 Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide MG 98","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG 98","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG-98","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG-98 oligonucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG98","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796640"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43475"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43475"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MG_98"}]}}{"C120213":{"preferredName":"DPT/BCG/Measles/Serratia/Pneumococcus Vaccine","code":"C120213","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary lipid emulsion containing five vaccines: diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DPT), Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), measles, Serratia marcescens and pneumococcal, with potential immunostimulating activity. Subcutaneous administration of the DPT/BCG/measles/Serratia/pneumococcus vaccine activates the immune system and may both abrogate tumor-induced immune tolerance and induce an antitumor immune response, which may eradicate the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DPT/BCG/Measles/Serratia/Pneumococcus Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G250 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3890943"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768355"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768355"}]}}{"C120214":{"preferredName":"DPT/Typhoid/Staphylococcus aureus/Paratyphoid A/Paratyphoid B Vaccine","code":"C120214","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary lipid emulsion containing five vaccines: diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DPT), typhoid, Staphylococcus aureus, paratyphoid A and paratyphoid B, with potential immunostimulating activity. Subcutaneous administration of the DPT/typhoid/Staphylococcus aureus/paratyphoid A/paratyphoid B vaccine activates the immune system and may both abrogate tumor-induced immune tolerance and induce an antitumor immune response, which may eradicate the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DPT/Typhoid/Staphylococcus aureus/Paratyphoid A/Paratyphoid B Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3899464"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768356"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768356"}]}}{"C131494":{"preferredName":"DPX-E7 HPV Vaccine","code":"C131494","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic vaccine composed of a synthetic peptide consisting of amino acids 11 through 19 of the viral oncoprotein human papillomavirus (HPV) subtype 16 E7 (HPV16-E7 11-19), with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Immunization with the DPX-E7 HPV vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the HPV16-E7 protein. HPV type 16 plays a key role in the carcinogenesis of certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DPX E7","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DPX-E7","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DPX-E7 HPV Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DPX-E7 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV16-E7 11-19 Nanomer Vaccine DPX-E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV16-E7 11-19 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV16-E711-19 Peptide Vaccine DPX-E7","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514623"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785825"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785825"}]}}{"C153259":{"preferredName":"DR5 HexaBody Agonist GEN1029","code":"C153259","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic hexamer formation-enhanced mixture of two antibodies (HexaBody) that target two separate epitopes on death receptor type 5 (DR5; TNFRSF10B; tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2; TRAILR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DR5 HexaBody agonist GEN1029 specifically binds to and activates DR5. This results in the activation of caspase cascades and the induction of apoptosis in DR5-expressing tumor cells. DR5, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is involved in the promotion of caspase-dependent apoptosis. Compared to other DR5 antibody-based agonists, the antibodies in GEN1029 (DR5-01 and DR5-05) elicit increased receptor activation because they exhibit enhanced formation of antibody hexamers and receptor clusters at the cell surface due to E430G mutations in the Fc domains of both antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DR5 HexaBody Agonist GEN1029","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DR5 HexaBody Agonist GEN1029","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN 1029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN1029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HexaBody-DR5-01/DR5-05","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HexaBody-DR5/DR5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hx-DR5-01/05","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554487"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794053"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794053"}]}}{"C116886":{"preferredName":"DR5-targeting Tetrameric Nanobody Agonist TAS266","code":"C116886","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic tetravalent nanobody, in which the four single, high affinity heavy chain variable domain (VHH) antibodies are separated by a peptide linker, targeting death receptor type 5 (DR5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DR5-targeting tetrameric nanobody agonist TAS266, with its four DR5-specific single-chain antibodies, specifically binds to and activates DR5 receptors. This results in the activation of caspase cascades and induction of apoptosis in DR5-expressing tumor cells. DR5, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-receptor superfamily, triggers apoptosis. Compared to certain anti-DR5 antibody agonists, TAS266 shows increased receptor activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DR5-targeting Tetrameric Nanobody Agonist TAS266","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DR5-targeting Tetrameric Nanobody Agonist TAS266","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS266","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetrameric Nanobody Agonist-targeting death receptor 5 TAS266","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433974"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"725486"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"725486"}]}}{"C82386":{"preferredName":"Dabrafenib","code":"C82386","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of B-raf (BRAF) protein with potential antineoplastic activity. Dabrafenib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of B-raf, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells which contain a mutated BRAF gene. B-raf belongs to the raf/mil family of serine/threonine protein kinases and plays a role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERKs signaling pathway, which may be constitutively activated due to BRAF gene mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAF Inhibitor GSK2118436","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, N-(3-(5-(2-amino-4-pyrimidinyl)-2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-thiazolyl)-2-fluorophenyl)-2,6-difluoro-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DABRAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dabrafenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dabrafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-2118436","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-2118436A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2118436","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467876"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1195765-45-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with BRAF V600E mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QGP4HA4G1B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641977"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641977"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H20F3N5O2S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BRAF_Inhibitor_GSK2118436"}]}}{"C128059":{"preferredName":"Dabrafenib Mesylate","code":"C128059","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt form of dabrafenib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of B-raf (BRAF) protein with potential antineoplastic activity. Dabrafenib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of B-raf, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells which contain a mutated BRAF gene. B-raf belongs to the raf/mil family of serine/threonine protein kinases and plays a role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERKs signaling pathway, which may be constitutively activated due to BRAF gene mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DABRAFENIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dabrafenib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dabrafenib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dabrafenib Methanesulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2118436 Methane Sulfonate Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2118436B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tafinlar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3644554"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1195768-06-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with BRAF V600E mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B6DC89I63E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C411":{"preferredName":"Dacarbazine","code":"C411","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat Hodgkin lymphoma and malignant melanoma and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It attaches to DNA in cells and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A triazene derivative with antineoplastic activity. Dacarbazine alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. 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SGN-40 is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the CD40 receptor with potential antineoplastic activity. Dacetuzumab specifically binds to and inhibits the CD40 receptor, thereby inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cellular proliferation via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cells that overexpress this receptor. The CD40 receptor, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor super-family, is highly expressed on most B lineage hematologic malignancies including multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-huCD40 mAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACETUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dacetuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dacetuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody SGN-40","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-40","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SGN-40","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huS2C6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742509"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"880486-59-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UT59FF4T5X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365545"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365545"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SGN-40"}]}}{"C1569":{"preferredName":"Daclizumab","code":"C1569","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of adult T-cell leukemia and in the treatment of cytopenia (low blood cell count).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant monoclonal antibody interleukin-2 receptor antagonist. Daclizumab binds specifically to the alpha subunit of the human interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor expressed on the surface of activated lymphocytes in vivo, thereby inhibiting IL-2 binding and IL-2-mediated lymphocyte activation, a critical cellular immune response pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Tac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Tac Humanized Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Tac Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dacliximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Dacliximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daclizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Daclizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Anti-Tac Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Anti-Tac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zenapax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"daclizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"725173"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0663182"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"152923-56-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Kidney transplant rejection, prevention"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CUJ2MVI71Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42006"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42006"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Daclizumab"}]}}{"C53398":{"preferredName":"Dacomitinib","code":"C53398","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A highly selective, orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of the HER family of tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Dacomitinib specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits human Her-1, Her-2, and Her-4, resulting in the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of tumor cells that overexpress these receptors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-N-(4-((3-Chloro-4-Fluorophenyl)Amino)-7-Methoxyquinazolin-6-yl)-4-Piperidin-1-ylbut-2-Enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACOMITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dacomitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dacomitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Inhibitor PF-00299804","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-00299804","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PF-00299804","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-00299804-03","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-299804","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vizimpro","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709400"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1042385-75-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R substitution mutations"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5092U85G58"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462567"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462567"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H25ClFN5O2.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PF-00299804"}]}}{"C28955":{"preferredName":"Dacplatinum","code":"C28955","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation platinum analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Dacplatinum alkylates DNA at the N-7 position of guanine, thereby producing DNA interstrand crosslinks and DNA strand breaks, and inhibiting DNA replication. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4-carboxyphthalato)(1,2-diaminocyclohexane)-platinum(II)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACCP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dacplatinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054768"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dacplatinum"}]}}{"C412":{"preferredName":"Dactinomycin","code":"C412","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is a type of antitumor antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces parvulus. Dactinomycin intercalates between adjacent guanine-cytosine base pairs, blocking the transcription of DNA by RNA polymerase; it also causes single-strand DNA breaks, possibly via a free-radical intermediate or an interaction with topoisomerase II. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-bis[Cyclo(N-methyl-L-valyl-sarcosyl-L-prolyl-D-valyl-L-threonyl)]-1,9 dimethyl-4,6 3H-phenoxazinone-3","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACTINOMYCIN D","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Actinomycin A IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin C1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin D","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin I1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Actinomycin IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin X 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Actinomycin X 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin-[thr-val-pro-sar-meval]","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cosmegen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cosmegen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACTINOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dactinomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Dactinomycin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dactinomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dactinomycine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lyovac Cosmegen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lyovac cosmegen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Meractinomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Meractinomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dactinomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"3053"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010934"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-76-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Wilms' tumor; rhabdomyosarcoma; Ewing's sarcoma; testicular cancer; gestational trophoblastic neoplasia; choriocarcinoma; melanoma; neuroblastoma; retinoblastoma; uterine sarcomas; Kaposi's sarcoma; sarcoma botryoides; soft tissue sarcoma."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1CC1JFE158"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39675"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39675"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C62H86N12O16"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dactinomycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27666"}]}}{"C74072":{"preferredName":"Dactolisib","code":"C74072","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable imidazoquinoline targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Dactolisib inhibits PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR kinase signaling pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K/mTOR-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BEZ235","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzeneacetonitrile, 4-(2,3-Dihydro-3-methyl-2-oxo-8-(3-quinolinyl)-1H-imidazo(4,5-c)quinolin-1-yl)-alpha,alpha-dimethyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACTOLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dactolisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dactolisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVPBEZ235","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2604817"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915019-65-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RUJ6Z9Y0DT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589292"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589292"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PI3K_Inhibitor_BEZ235"}]}}{"C162346":{"preferredName":"Dactolisib Tosylate","code":"C162346","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate salt form of dactolisib, an orally bioavailable imidazoquinoline targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, dactolisib inhibits PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR kinase signaling pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K/mTOR-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methyl-2-(4-(3-methyl-2-oxo-8-(quinolin-3-yl)-2,3-dihydroimidazo(4,5-c)quinolin-1-yl)phenyl)propanenitrile 4-Methylbenzenesulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzeneacetonitrile, 4-(2,3-Dihydro-3-methyl-2-oxo-8-(3-quinolinyl)-1H-imidazo(4,5-c)quinolin-1-yl)-alpha,alpha-dimethyl-, 4-Methylbenzenesulfonate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACTOLISIB TOSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dactolisib Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVP-BEZ235-ANA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVP-BEZ235-NX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1028385-32-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U54GT9151S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C88296":{"preferredName":"Dalantercept","code":"C88296","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble fusion protein containing the extracellular domain of activin receptor-like kinase-1 (ALK1) fused to a human Fc domain (ALK1-Fc fusion protein), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dalantercept binds to various ALK1 ligands, preventing activation of tumor cell ALK1 receptors and so inhibiting the ALK1 signaling pathway; growth factor-induced angiogenesis is thus inhibited, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. ALK1 is a type I cell surface receptor with serine/threonine kinase activity that mediates signaling by members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta) superfamily and plays a key role in angiogenesis; ligands for this receptor include TGFbeta1 and TGFbeta2. The Fc moiety of this fusion protein mediates clearance of ligand-fusion protein complexes by the reticuloendothelial system (RES).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACE-041","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALK1-Fc Fusion Protein ACE-041","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Activin Receptor-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor ACE-041","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DALANTERCEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dalantercept","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dalantercept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3537264"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1186210-24-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EGC16R10V0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658276"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658276"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C3206H4960N904O976S38"}]}}{"C74011":{"preferredName":"Dalotuzumab","code":"C74011","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of many types of cancer. MK-0646 binds to a protein called insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR) on the surface of cells. This may prevent the cells from growing when IGF is present. It may also kill cancer cells. MK-0646 is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Dalotuzumab binds to membrane-bound IGF1R, preventing binding of the ligand IGF1 and the subsequent triggering of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; inhibition of this survival signaling pathway may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The activation of IGF1R, a tyrosine kinase and a member of the insulin receptor family, stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis; IGF1R signaling has been highly implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody MK-0646","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DALOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dalotuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dalotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-0646","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MK-0646","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-IGF1R recombinant monoclonal antibody MK-0646","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987605"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1005389-60-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6YI1L648RH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489297"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489297"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-IGF1R_Recombinant_Monoclonal_Antibody_MK-0646"}]}}{"C66984":{"preferredName":"Daniquidone","code":"C66984","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may kill cancer cells by causing damage to the DNA. Batracylin is a type of heterocyclic aryl amine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A water-insoluble heterocyclic amide with potential antineoplastic activity. Daniquidone inhibits topoisomerases I and II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair, and RNA and protein synthesis. The acetylated form of daniquidone is highly toxic and is capable of inducing unscheduled DNA synthesis; rapid acetylators are more likely to experience toxicity with this agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"8-Aminoisoindolo(1,2-b)quinazolin-12(10H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Batracylin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bay H 2049","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DANIQUIDONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Daniquidone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Daniquidone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"batracylin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"320846"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053006"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"67199-66-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E780TX33D2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539029"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539029"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H11N3O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Daniquidone"}]}}{"C61587":{"preferredName":"Danusertib","code":"C61587","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia. PHA-739358 may stop tumor growth by blocking certain enzymes needed for cancer cells to divide and causing them to die. It is a type of kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small-molecule 3-aminopyrazole derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Danusertib binds to and inhibits the Aurora kinases, which may result in cell growth arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells in which Aurora kinases are overexpressed. This agent may preferentially bind to and inhibit Aurora B kinase. Aurora kinases, a family of serine-threonine kinases, are important regulators of cellular proliferation and division.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzamide, 4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-N-(1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-5-((2R)- methoxyphenylacetyl)pyrrolo(3,4-c)pyrazol-3-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DANUSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Danusertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Danusertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHA-739358","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PHA-739358","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700603"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"827318-97-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M3X659D0FY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489092"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489092"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H30N6O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PHA-739358"}]}}{"C101368":{"preferredName":"Danvatirsen","code":"C101368","definitions":[{"description":"An antisense oligonucleotide targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) with potential antitumor activity. Danvatirsen binds to STAT3 mRNA, thereby inhibiting translation of the transcript. Suppression of STAT3 expression induces tumor cell apoptosis and decreases tumor cell growth. STAT3, a protein overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, plays a critical role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD9150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DANVATIRSEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Danvatirsen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Danvatirsen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS 481464","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS-STAT3rx","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435548"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"31N550RD05"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729992"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729992"}]}}{"C67043":{"preferredName":"Daporinad","code":"C67043","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Daporinad binds to and inhibits nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NMPRTase), inhibiting the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) from niacinamide (vitamin B3), which may deplete energy reserves in metabolically active tumor cells and induce tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent may inhibit tumor cell production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), resulting in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. The coenzyme NAD+ plays an essential role in cellular redox reactions, including the redox reaction linking the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-N-(4-(1-Benzoylpiperidin-4-yl)butyl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APO866","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAPORINAD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Daporinad","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FK-866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"K 22.175","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMPRTase Inhibitor APO866","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879518"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"658084-64-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V71TF6V9M7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537396"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537396"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H29N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"APO866"}]}}{"C156401":{"preferredName":"Daratumumab/rHuPH20","code":"C156401","definitions":[{"description":"A co-formulation composed of daratumumab, a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein cluster of differentiation 38 (CD-38; CD38), and a recombinant form of human hyaluronidase (rHuPH20), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration of daratumumab/rHuPH20, daratumumab targets and binds to CD38 on certain CD38-expressing tumors, such as multiple myeloma (MM) and plasma cell leukemia. This binding induces direct apoptosis through Fc-mediated cross-linking and triggers immune-mediated tumor cell lysis through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) immune responses. CD38, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is expressed in both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic lineage cells. rHuPH20 hydrolyzes and degrades the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid (HA), thereby decreasing interstitial viscosity and enhancing penetration of daratumumab through the interstitial space. This facilitates the delivery of daratumumab to CD38-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DARA Co-formulated with rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DARA/rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daratumumab + rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daratumumab with rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daratumumab-rHuPH20","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daratumumab/rHuPH20","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Daratumumab/rHuPH20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daratumumab/rHuPH20 Co-formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Darzalex/rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMax-CD38-rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase Mixed with Daratumumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563089"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795698"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795698"}]}}{"C61490":{"preferredName":"Darinaparsin","code":"C61490","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule organic arsenical with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action is unclear, darinaparsin, a highly toxic metabolic intermediate of inorganic arsenicals (iAs) that occurs in vivo, appears to generate volatile cytotoxic arsenic compounds when glutathione (GSH) concentrations are low. The arsenic compounds generated from darinaparsin disrupt mitochondrial bioenergetics, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inducing ROS-mediated tumor cell apoptosis; in addition, this agent or its byproducts may initiate cell death by interrupting the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and may exhibit antiangiogenic effects. Compared to inorganic arsenic compounds such as arsenic trioxide (As2O3), darinaparsin appears to exhibit a wide therapeutic window.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DARINAPARSIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DMAIII(SG)","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Darinaparsin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Darinaparsin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Dimethylarsino-Glutathione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZIO-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1872686"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"69819-86-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9XX54M675G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486305"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486305"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H22AsN3O6S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"S-Dimethylarsino-Glutathione"}]}}{"C90546":{"preferredName":"Darleukin","code":"C90546","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of the recombinant form of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) fused to a human single-chain Fv (scFv) antibody fragment directed against the extra-domain B (ED-B) of fibronectin (L19), with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. The L19 moiety of L19-IL2 monoclonal antibody-cytokine fusion protein binds to the ED-B domain of fibronectin on tumor cells in the tumor neovasculature. In turn, the IL-2 moiety may locally activate natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages, and may induce T cell cytotoxic immune responses against ED-B fibronectin-expressing tumor cells. This may specifically decrease the proliferation of ED-B-expressing tumor cells. ED-B is predominantly expressed during angiogenesis and tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Darleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L19-IL2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L19-IL2 Monoclonal Antibody-Cytokine Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416230"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665656"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665656"}]}}{"C104748":{"preferredName":"Darolutamide","code":"C104748","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation containing an androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Darolutamide binds to ARs in target tissues; subsequently, inhibiting androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitating the formation of inactive complexes that cannot translocate to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes that regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation. This ultimately leads to an inhibition of growth in AR-expressing prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antiandrogen ODM-201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1841788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1841788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1841788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Darolutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM 201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641866"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746231"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746231"}]}}{"C154627":{"preferredName":"Daromun","code":"C154627","definitions":[{"description":"A combination of darleukin (L19-IL2), an immunocytokine consisting of the recombinant form of interleukin-2 (IL-2), fused to a human single-chain variable fragment (scFv) directed against the extra-domain B (ED-B) of fibronectin (L19), and fibromun (L19-TNFalpha), an immunocytokine consisting of human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) fused to a human scFv antibody fragment directed against the ED-B of L19, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration, the L-19 moieties of each immunocytokine bind to the ED-B domain of fibronectin on tumor cells in the tumor neovasculature. In turn, the IL-2 and TNF-alpha moieties of darleukin and fibromun, respectively, may locally induce an immune response against ED-B fibronectin-expressing tumor cells. ED-B is predominantly expressed during angiogenesis and tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Darleukin and Fibromun","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Darleukin/Fibromun","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daromun","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Daromun","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L19-IL2 and L19-TNF-alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L19-IL2/L19-TNF-alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L19IL2/L19TNF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555512"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794649"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794649"}]}}{"C38713":{"preferredName":"Dasatinib","code":"C38713","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of chronic myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. BMS-354825 is also being studied in the treatment of certain other blood diseases and types of cancer. BMS-354825 binds to and blocks BCR-ABL and other proteins that help cancer cells grow. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable synthetic small molecule-inhibitor of SRC-family protein-tyrosine kinases. Dasatinib binds to and inhibits the growth-promoting activities of these kinases. Apparently because of its less stringent binding affinity for the BCR-ABL kinase, dasatinib has been shown to overcome the resistance to imatinib of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells harboring BCR-ABL kinase domain point mutations. SRC-family protein-tyrosine kinases interact with a variety of cell-surface receptors and participate in intracellular signal transduction pathways; tumorigenic forms can occur through altered regulation or expression of the endogenous protein and by way of virally-encoded kinase genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Thiazolecarboxamide, N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)-2-((6-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)-, Monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-354825","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BMS-354825","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DASATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dasatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Dasatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dasatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dasatinib Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dasatinib Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sprycel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Sprycel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dasatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"732517"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1455147"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"863127-77-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic myeloid leukemia; Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RBZ1571X5H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"315885"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"315885"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H26ClN7O2S.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BMS-354825"}]}}{"C62091":{"preferredName":"Daunorubicin","code":"C62091","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to treat acute leukemias and some other types of cancer. It blocks a certain enzyme needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of anthracycline antibiotic and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic with therapeutic effects similar to those of doxorubicin. Daunorubicin exhibits cytotoxic activity through topoisomerase-mediated interaction with DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S-cis)-8-Acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-1-methoxy-5,12-naphthacenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 8-acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-1-methoxy-, (8S-cis)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAUNOMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DAUNORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DNR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunorrubicina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-lyxo-Hexopyranoside, 3beta-acetyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-3,5,12-trihydroxy-10-metldioxo-1a-naphthacenyl 3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-,alpha-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukaemomycin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUBOMYCIN C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Rubidomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rubomycin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"daunomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"daunorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011015"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"20830-81-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZS7284E0ZP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO10"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Daunorubicin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:41977"}]}}{"C47471":{"preferredName":"Daunorubicin Citrate","code":"C47471","definitions":[{"description":"A semi-synthetic anthracycline glycoside antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces with antineoplastic activity. Daunorubicin citrate intercalates DNA, which leads to inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis, and consequently blocks cell division and results in apoptosis. This anti-tumor antibiotic is most active in the S phase of cell division. Daunorubicin is indicated in the treatment of a wide variety of cancers including acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, Ewing's sarcoma, Wilms' tumor, and chronic myelocytic leukemia. 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It blocks a certain enzyme needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. Cerubidine is a type of anthracycline antibiotic and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic with therapeutic effects similar to those of doxorubicin. 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Defactinib inhibits FAK, which may prevent the integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signal transduction pathways, including those involving RAS/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt, thus inhibiting tumor cell migration, proliferation, survival, and tumor angiogenesis. The tyrosine kinase FAK, a signal transducer for integrins, is normally activated by binding to integrins in the extracellular matrix (ECM) but may be upregulated and constitutively activated in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzamide, N-methyl-4-((4-(((3-(methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino)-2-pyrazinyl)methyl)amino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEFACTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Defactinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Defactinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703169"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1073154-85-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"53O87HA2QU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746096"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746096"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"FAK_Inhibitor_PF-04554878"}]}}{"C128039":{"preferredName":"Defactinib Hydrochloride","code":"C128039","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of defactinib, an orally bioavailable, small-molecule focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Defactinib inhibits FAK, which may prevent the integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signal transduction pathways, including those involving RAS/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt, thus inhibiting tumor cell migration, proliferation, survival, and tumor angiogenesis. The tyrosine kinase FAK, a signal transducer for integrins, is normally activated by binding to integrins in the extracellular matrix (ECM) but may be upregulated and constitutively activated in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzamide, N-methyl-4-((4-(((3-(methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino)-2-pyrazinyl)methyl)amino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-, Hydrochloride (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEFACTINIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Defactinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Defactinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04554878","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VS-6063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512846"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1073160-26-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L2S469LM49"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C416":{"preferredName":"Deferoxamine","code":"C416","definitions":[{"description":"An iron-chelating agent that removes iron from tumors by inhibiting DNA synthesis and causing cancer cell death. It is used in conjunction with other anticancer agents in pediatric neuroblastoma therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An iron-chelating agent that binds free iron in a stable complex, preventing it from engaging in chemical reactions. Deferoxamine chelates iron from intra-lysosomal ferritin and siderin forming ferrioxamine, a water-soluble chelate excreted by the kidneys and in the feces via the bile. This agent does not readily bind iron from transferrin, hemoglobin, myoglobin or cytochrome. 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Deferoxamine chelates iron from intra-lysosomal ferritin and ferrioxamine, a water-soluble complex excreted by the kidneys and in the feces via the bile. This agent does not readily chelate iron bound to transferrin, hemoglobin, myoglobin or cytochrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DEFEROXAMINE MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DFM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deferoxamine B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deferoxamine Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Deferoxamine Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deferoxamine Methanesulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deferoxamine mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Deferrioxamine B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desferal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Desferal","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desferrioxamine Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"644468"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011148"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"138-14-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V9TKO7EO6K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41696"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41696"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H48N6O8.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Deferoxamine_Mesylate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31460"}]}}{"C48385":{"preferredName":"Degarelix","code":"C48385","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat advanced prostate cancer and is also being studied in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Degarelix binds to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors in the pituitary gland. This causes the body to stop making testosterone, which prostate cancer needs to grow. Degarelix is a type of GnRH antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A long-acting, synthetic peptide with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonistic properties. Degarelix targets and blocks GnRH receptors located on the surfaces of gonadotroph cells in the anterior pituitary, thereby reducing secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) by pituitary gonadotroph cells and so decreasing testosterone production by interstitial (Leydig) cells in the testes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DEGARELIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Degarelix","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Degarelix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FE200486","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Firmagon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Firmagon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-acetyl-3-(naphtalen-2-yl)-D-alanyl-4-chloro-D-phenylalanyl-3-(pyridin-3-yl)-D-alanyl-L-seryl-4-((((4S)-2,6-dioxohexahydropyrimidin-4-yl)carbonyl)amino)-L-phenylalanyl-4-(carbamoylamino)-D-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl-N6-(1-methylethyl)-L-lysyl-L-prolyl-D-alaninamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"degarelix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0971731"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"214766-78-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"advanced prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SX0XJI3A11"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"441235"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"441235"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C82H103ClN18O16"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Degarelix"}]}}{"C80443":{"preferredName":"Degarelix Acetate","code":"C80443","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate form of a long-acting, synthetic peptide with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonistic properties. Degarelix targets and blocks GnRH receptors located on the surfaces of gonadotroph cells in the anterior pituitary, thereby reducing secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) by pituitary gonadotroph cells and so decreasing testosterone production by interstitial (Leydig) cells in the testes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D-Alaninamide, N-acetyl-3-(2-naphthalenyl)-D-alanyl-4-chloro-D-phenylalanyl-3-(3- pyridinyl)-D-alanyl-L- seryl-4-[[[(4S)-hexahydro-2,6-dioxo-4-pyrimidinyl]carbonyl]amino]- L-phenylalanyl-4-[(aminocarbonyl)amino]-D-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl-N6-(1-methylethyl)-L- lysyl-L-prolyl, Acetate, Hydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEGARELIX ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Degarelix Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FE200486 Acetate Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2718533"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"934246-14-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"advanced prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I18S89P20R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C82H103ClN18O16.C2H4O2.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Degarelix_Acetate"}]}}{"C74075":{"preferredName":"Delanzomib","code":"C74075","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable synthetic P2 threonine boronic acid inhibitor of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome, with potential antineoplastic activity. Delanzomib represses the proteasomal degradation of a variety of proteins, including inhibitory kappaBalpha (IkappaBalpha), resulting in the cytoplasmic sequestration of the transcription factor NF-kappaB; inhibition of NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and transcriptional up-regulation of a variety of cell growth-promoting factors; and apoptotic cell death in susceptible tumor cell populations. In vitro studies indicate that this agent exhibits a favorable cytotoxicity profile toward normal human epithelial cells, bone marrow progenitors, and bone marrow-derived stromal cells relative to the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib. The intracellular protein IkappaBalpha functions as a primary inhibitor of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-kappaB.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"((1R)-1-((2S,3R)-3-hydroxy-2-(6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxamido)butanamido)-3-methylbutyl)boronic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP 18770","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-18770","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-47098","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DELANZOMIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Delanzomib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Delanzomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPH-007098","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPH007098","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proteasome Inhibitor CEP 18770","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467895"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"847499-27-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6IF28942WO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583540"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583540"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H28BN3O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Proteasome_Inhibitor_CEP_18770"}]}}{"C80041":{"preferredName":"Demcizumab","code":"C80041","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the N-terminal epitope of Notch ligand DLL4 (delta-like 4) with potential antineoplastic activity. Demcizumab binds to the membrane-binding portion of DLL4 and prevents its interaction with Notch-1 and Notch-4 receptors, thereby inhibiting Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, which may impede tumor angiogenesis. Activation of Notch receptors by DLL4 stimulates proteolytic cleavage of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD); after cleavage, NICD is translocated into the nucleus and mediates the transcriptional regulation of a variety of genes involved in vascular development. The expression of DLL4 is highly restricted to the vascular endothelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DLL4 Monoclonal Antibody OMP-21M18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Delta-like 4 Monoclonal Antibody OMP-21M18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEMCIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Demcizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Demcizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP-21M18","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698134"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SF168W7FW0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614677"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614677"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"1243262-17-0"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-DLL4_Monoclonal_Antibody_OMP-21M18"}]}}{"C419":{"preferredName":"Demecolcine","code":"C419","definitions":[{"description":"A colchicine analog with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Demecolcine acid binds to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin, inhibiting its polymerization into microtubules, causing cell cycle arrest at metaphase and preventing cell division.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Colchamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEMECOLCINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DEMECOLCINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Demecolcine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylcolchicine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Methyl-N-desacetylcolchicine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Santavy's Substance F","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X 153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"403147"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"3096"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011259"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"477-30-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z01IVE25KI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H25NO5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Demecolcine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4393"}]}}{"C85476":{"preferredName":"Demplatin Pegraglumer","code":"C85476","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based prodrug formulation consisting of polymeric micelles incorporating the inorganic platinum agent cisplatin with potential antineoplastic activity. In demplatin pegraglumer, cisplatin forms a polymer-metal complex with hydrophilic polyethylene glycol poly(glutamic acid) block copolymers by attaching to the micelle inner core consisting of the hydrophobic polyamino acids. Upon cell entry and release from the polymer-metal complex, cisplatin forms highly reactive, charged platinum complexes that bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA, inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-linking, DNA-protein cross-linking and, subsequently, tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition. Due to the hydrophilic nature of polyethylene glycol, this formulation increases the water-solubility of cisplatin and decreases the nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity associated with the administration of cisplatin alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DEMPLATIN PEGRAGLUMER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Demplatin Pegraglumer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC-6004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoplatin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830141"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1009838-50-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9DMG482P0R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647541"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647541"}]}}{"C26446":{"preferredName":"Dendritic Cell-Autologous Lung Tumor Vaccine","code":"C26446","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of lymphocytes harvested from a patient with lung cancer and induced to become antigen-presenting cells (APCs) known as dendritic cells. The dendritic cells are transduced with the gene encoding an antigen specific to the patient's cancer and then returned to the patient. In the host, the altered cells stimulate the immune system to mount a primary T cell response against lung tumor cells expressing the target antigen. Dendritic cell-autologous lung tumor vaccines have been investigated for use in cancer immunotherapy. 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Upon intradermal administration, the DC-targeting lentiviral vector ID-LV305 targets and binds to dermal DCs via the DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) receptor. Upon internalization of the vector, the NY-ESO-1 protein is expressed, stimulates DC maturation and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against NY-ESO-1-expressing cells, which may result in tumor cell lysis. NY-ESO-1 is expressed in normal testes and on the surfaces of various tumor cells, and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DCvex-NY-ESO-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dendritic Cell-targeting Lentiviral Vector ID-LV305","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ID-LV305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473308"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760531"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760531"}]}}{"C62492":{"preferredName":"Denenicokin","code":"C62492","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant peptide similar to or identical to endogenous human cytokine interleukin-21 (IL-21) with potential antineoplastic activity. Denenicokin binds to and activates IL-21 receptors, expressed on T-cells, B-cells, dendritic cells (DC), and natural killer (NK) cells, modulating the proliferation and/or differentiation of T and B cells, promoting T cell survival, and increasing the cytolytic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and NK cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DENENICOKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Denenicokin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Denenicokin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-21","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-methionyl(Human Interleukin-21)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Interleukin-21","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rIL-21","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhIL-21","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831593"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"716840-32-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A4LY1V9F0H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"409696"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"409696"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_Human_Interleukin-21"}]}}{"C77065":{"preferredName":"Denibulin","code":"C77065","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecular vascular disrupting agent (VDA), with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Denibulin selectively targets and reversibly binds to the colchicine-binding site on tubulin and inhibits microtubule assembly. This results in the disruption of the cytoskeleton of tumor endothelial cells, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest, blockage of cell division and apoptosis. This causes inadequate blood flow to the tumor and eventually leads to a decrease in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DENIBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Denibulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699587"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"284019-34-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K7037M241U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H19N5O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Denibulin"}]}}{"C72736":{"preferredName":"Denibulin Hydrochloride","code":"C72736","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of denibulin, a small molecular vascular disrupting agent, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Denibulin selectively targets and reversibly binds to the colchicine-binding site on tubulin and inhibits microtubule assembly. This results in the disruption of the cytoskeleton of tumor endothelial cells, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest, blockage of cell division and apoptosis. This causes inadequate blood flow to the tumor and eventually leads to a decrease in tumor cell proliferation., a small molecule vascular disrupting agent (VDA), with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activity. Denibulin selectively targets and reversibly binds to the colchicine-binding site on tubulin and inhibits microtubule assembly. This results in the disruption of the cytoskeleton of tumor endothelial cells (EC), ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest, blockage of cell division and apoptosis. This causes inadequate blood flow to the tumor and eventually leads to a decrease in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DENIBULIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Denibulin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Denibulin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MN-029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1679364"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"779356-64-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0U575HR16Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746028"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746028"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H19N5O3S.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Denibulin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1476":{"preferredName":"Denileukin Diftitox","code":"C1476","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that can bind the cytokine IL-2 and that has not responded to other treatment. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Ontak is made by combining a part of IL-2 with a bacterial toxin. The IL-2 part of the drug attaches to the cancer cells and then the toxin kills the cells. Ontak is a type of immunotoxin and a type of fusion toxin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cytotoxic recombinant protein consisting of interleukin-2 (IL-2) protein sequences fused to diphtheria toxin. The IL-2 protein sequence moiety of denileukin difitox directs the cytocidal action of diphtheria toxin to cells that express IL-2 receptors. After the toxin moiety is internalized into target IL-2 receptor-expressing cells, its catalytic domain catalyzes the transfer of the ADP-ribose moiety of NAD to a posttranslationally modified histidine residue of elongation factor 2 (EF-2), called diphthamine. This covalent modification inactivates EF-2 and disrupts polypeptide chain elongation, resulting in cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DAB(389)-Interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAB(389)IL-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAB389 Interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAB389 Interleukin-2 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAB389IL-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAB389IL2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DENILEUKIN DIFTITOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Denileukin Diftitox","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Denileukin Diftitox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-2 Fusion Toxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY335348","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ontak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Ontak","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"denileukin diftitox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"714744"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0717670"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"173146-27-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"25E79B5CTM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42325"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42325"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Denileukin_Diftitox"}]}}{"C105150":{"preferredName":"Denintuzumab Mafodotin","code":"C105150","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of an anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody conjugated to the auristatin derivative monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of denintuzumab mafodotin, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD19, found on a number of B-cell-derived cancers. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases MMAF, which binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization. Inhibition of tubulin polymerization may result in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. This causes inhibition of cell growth of CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19, a B-cell antigen, is overexpressed by a variety of different cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SGN-19A","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Denintuzumab Mafodotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Denintuzumab Mafodotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1-kappa Auristatin F Conjugate, Anti-(homosapiens CD19 (B Lymphocyte Surface Antigen B4, leu-12)), Humanized Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-19A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SGN-19A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD19A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446112"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1399672-02-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H5324S1M7H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746594"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746594"}]}}{"C61313":{"preferredName":"Denosumab","code":"C61313","definitions":[{"description":"A type of monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of multiple myeloma (a cancer that forms in bones) and in the prevention and treatment of bone metastases (cancer that has spread to bone from another organ). Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. AMG 162 binds to the protein RANKL and helps keep bone from breaking down.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANKL) with antiosteoclast activity. Denosumab specifically binds to RANKL and blocks the interaction of RANKL with RANK, a receptor located on osteoclast cell surfaces, resulting in inhibition of osteoclast activity, a decrease in bone resorption, and a potential increase in bone mineral density. RANKL, a protein expressed by osteoblastic cells, plays an important role in osteoclastic differentiation and activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 162","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AMG 162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DENOSUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Denosumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Denosumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Denosumab Biosimilar TK-006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TK-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xgeva","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"denosumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1690432"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"615258-40-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Osteolytic Bone Metastases of Solid Tumors"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4EQZ6YO2HI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481348"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481348"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Densosumab"}]}}{"C82697":{"preferredName":"Deoxycytidine Analogue TAS-109","code":"C82697","definitions":[{"description":"An analogue of the nucleoside deoxycytidine with potential antineoplastic activity. Nucleoside analogue TAS-109 is incorporated into DNA and directly inhibits the activity of DNA polymerase, which may result in inhibition of DNA replication and cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases, DNA fragmentation, and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Amino-L-(2-cyano-2-deoxy-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)- 2(1H)-pyrimidinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNDAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxycytidine Analogue TAS-109","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Deoxycytidine Analogue TAS-109","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-109","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TAS-109","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388479"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"135598-68-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"00M634HD2V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633936"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633936"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Deoxycytidine_Analogue_TAS-109"}]}}{"C150430":{"preferredName":"Deoxycytidine Analogue TAS-109 Hydrochloride","code":"C150430","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally available antimetabolite composed of the 1-ethoxymethyl derivative of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) inhibitor 3-cyano-2,6-dihydroxypyridine (CNDP) in a 1:1 molar ratio, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the prodrug emitefur is converted into 5-FU, while CNDP prevents the degradation of 5-FU by inhibiting DPYD and thereby prolonging the half-life of 5-FU. This increases 5-FU's concentration and thus its antitumor activity through inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis, as well as inhibition of thymidylate synthase activity. In addition, by inhibiting the formation of 5-FU metabolites, some toxic effects associated with these metabolites may be reduced. DPYD is the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of 5-FU.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2) m-[[3-(Ethoxymethyl)-5-fluoro-3,6-dihydro-2,6-dioxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]carbonyl]benzoic Acid, 2-Ester with 2,6-Dihydroxynicotinonitrile Benzoate (Ester)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-((3-(Ethoxymethyl)-5-fluoro-3,6-dihydro-2,6-dioxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl)carbonyl)benzoic acid, 6-(benzoyloxy)-3-cyano-2-pyridinyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-[3-(6-Benzoyloxy-3-cyrano-2-pyridyloxycarbonyl)benzoyl]-1-(ethoxymethyl)-5-fluorouracil","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOF-A2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxycytidine Analogue TAS-109 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Last-F","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-109 HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"[[Ethoxymethyl-5-fluoro-3,6-dihydro-2,6-dioxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]carbonyl]benzoic Acid, 6-(Benzoyloxy)-3-cyano-2-pyridinyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"emitefur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552242"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"110690-43-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VSS4ZDZ2IE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H19FN4O8"}]}}{"C95206":{"preferredName":"Depatuxizumab","code":"C95206","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with antineoplastic activity. Depatuxizumab targets the EGFR deletion variant, de2-7 EGFR as well as wild-type EGFR expressed in cells overexpressing the receptor, thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor; the decrease in receptor activation and dimerization result in an inhibition in signal transduction and anti-proliferative effects. This MoAb targets cells expressing aberrant EGFR, hence making it an ideal candidate for generation of radioisotope or toxin conjugates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEPATUXIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Depatuxizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Depatuxizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) (Human-mus musculus Monoclonal ABT-806 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-mus musculus Monoclonal ABT-806 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-EGFR MoAb ABT-806","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-EGFR mAb ABT-806","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mAb-806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4048804"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1471999-69-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W984C353CG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691187"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691187"}]}}{"C105612":{"preferredName":"Depatuxizumab Mafodotin","code":"C105612","definitions":[{"description":"An epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, depatuxizumab mafodotin inhibits the activity of EGFR, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in certain tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEPATUXIZUMAB MAFODOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Depatuxizumab Mafodotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Depatuxizumab Mafodotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446449"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1585973-65-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F3R7A4P04N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747249"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747249"}]}}{"C104267":{"preferredName":"Derazantinib","code":"C104267","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Derazantinib binds to and potently inhibits the activity of FGFR subtypes 1, 2 and 3. This may result in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways, tumor cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is upregulated in many tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cellular proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARQ 087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ-087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DERAZANTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Derazantinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Derazantinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445613"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N9B0H171MJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744652"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744652"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63453"}]}}{"C38709":{"preferredName":"Deslorelin","code":"C38709","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer as a way to block sex hormones made by the ovaries or testicles. It is a type of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic nonapeptide analogue of the natural gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Deslorelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Continuous, prolonged administration of goserelin in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-D-Tryptophan-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-1-9-luteinizing Hormone-releasing Factor (Swine)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DESLORELIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Deslorelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Deslorelin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Deslorelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovuplant","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"deslorelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0083220"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57773-65-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Central precocious puberty"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TKG3I66TVE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357620"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357620"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C64H83N17O12"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Deslorelin"}]}}{"C82600":{"preferredName":"Deslorelin Acetate","code":"C82600","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic nonapeptide analogue of the natural gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Deslorelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Continuous, prolonged administration of goserelin in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Oxo-L-Prolyl-L-Histidyl-L-Tryptophyl-L-Seryl-L-Tyrosyl-D-Tryptophyl-L-Leucyl-L-Arginyl-N-Ethyl-L-Prolinamide Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-D-Tryptophan-9-(N-Ethyl-L-Prolinamide)-1-9-Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor (Swine) Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DESLORELIN ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Deslorelin Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0378714"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"82318-06-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"679007NR5C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C64H83N17O12.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Deslorelin_Acetate"}]}}{"C132693":{"preferredName":"Detirelix","code":"C132693","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRN 6564671","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Alaninamide, N-acetyl-3-(2-naphthalenyl)-D-alanyl-4-chloro-D-phenylalanyl-D-tryptophyl-L-seryl-L-tyrosyl-N(sup 6)-(bis(ethylamino)methylene)-D-lysyl-L-leucyl-L-arginyl-L-prolyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DETIRELIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Detirelix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Ac-D-Nal(2)1,D-pCl-Phe2,D-Trp3,D-hArg(Et2)6,D-Ala(10)-GnRH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0057576"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"89662-30-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"05ME7P8ZBJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1066":{"preferredName":"Detorubicin","code":"C1066","definitions":[{"description":"A semi-synthetic derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunorubicin. Detorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also produces toxic free-radical intermediates and interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. Detorubicin is less toxic than daunorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"14-Diethoxyacetoxydaunorubicin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DETORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Detorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethoxy-,2-(4-((3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-2,5,12-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-6,11-dioxo-2-naphthacenyl)-2-oxoethyl ester,(2S-cis) Acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"292652"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0057578"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"66211-92-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"822EC3XEJZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39213"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39213"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H39NO14"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Detorubicin"}]}}{"C132685":{"preferredName":"Deuteporfin","code":"C132685","definitions":[{"description":"A photosensitizing agent composed of four sub-porphyrin derivatives, methoxyethy-hydroxyethyl-dipropionic, di-methoxyethyl-dipropionic, hydroxyethy-vinyl-dipropionic and methoxyethy-vinyl-dipropionic, with potential photosensitizing activity upon photodynamic therapy (PDT) and potential diagnostic imaging activity. Upon intravenous administration, deuteporfin preferentially targets and accumulates in cancer cells, especially those in the lymphatic system. Following photoactivation with an appropriate wavelength, deuteporfin generates highly cytotoxic singlet oxygen species, and induces oxidative stress that results in the damage and death of cancer cells. In addition, deuteporfin could be used as a tracer in near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence lymph node mapping.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Deuteporfin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL519824"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787101"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787101"}]}}{"C158096":{"preferredName":"Deuterated Enzalutamide","code":"C158096","definitions":[{"description":"A deuterated form of enzalutamide, an orally bioavailable, organic, non-steroidal small molecule targeting the androgen receptor (AR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, deuterated enzalutamide competitively binds to and inhibits the activity of ARs expressed on prostate cancer cells, which impairs nuclear translocation and DNA binding, resulting in apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. This results in a reduction in prostate cancer cell growth. AR overexpression in prostate cancer represents a key mechanism associated with prostate cancer hormone resistance. Deuterium incorporation, by replacing the hydrogen atoms of the N-CH3 moiety with deuterium atoms, decreases enzalutamide's metabolism and allows for an increased pharmacokinetic profile, thereby enhancing its anti-tumor efficacy compared to non-deuterated enzalutamide. As the deuterated form can't cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the deuterated form also reduces the unwanted brain-related side effects of enzalutamide and improves its safety profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D3-ENT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deuterated Enzalutamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Deuterated Enzalutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enzalutamide Deuterated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HC 1119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HC-1119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HC1119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-trideuteromethyl Enzalutamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937681"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797006"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797006"}]}}{"C80039":{"preferredName":"Devimistat","code":"C80039","definitions":[{"description":"A racemic mixture of the enantiomers of a synthetic alpha-lipoic lipoic acid analogue with potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, devimistat has been shown to inhibit metabolic and regulatory processes required for cell growth in solid tumors. Both enantiomers in the racemic mixture exhibit antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6,8-Bis(benzylthio)octanoic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alpha-Lipoic Acid Analogue CPI-613","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI 613","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI-613","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEVIMISTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Devimistat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703200"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"95809-78-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E76113IR49"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614265"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614265"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H28O2S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Alpha-Lipoic_Acid_Analogue_CPI-613"}]}}{"C77001":{"preferredName":"Dexamethasone Phosphate","code":"C77001","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DEXAMETHASONE PHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dexamethasone Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0770565"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"312-93-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2BP70L44PR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H30FO8P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dexamethasone_Phosphate"}]}}{"C1362":{"preferredName":"Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate","code":"C1362","definitions":[{"description":"A sodium phosphate salt form of Dexamethasone, a synthetic adrenal corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory properties. In addition to binding to specific nuclear steroid receptors, dexamethasone also interferes with NF-kB activation and apoptotic pathways. This agent lacks the salt-retaining properties of other related adrenal hormones. 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Functioning as an N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, dexanabinol protects neuronal cells against NMDA and glutamate neurotoxicity. This agent also scavenges peroxy radicals and protects neurons from the damages of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, dexanabinol inhibits the activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), thereby preventing the expression of NF-kB target genes, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase. As a result, this agent may restore apoptotic processes in cancerous cells. NF-kB is activated in a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in the regulation of apoptosis and cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-Dimethylheptyl-11-hydroxytetrahydrocannabinol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxy-delta-6-tetrahydrocannabinoldimethylheptyl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEXANABINOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dexanabinol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dexanabinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HU-211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0526471"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"112924-45-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R6VT8U5372"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"720043"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"720043"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H38O3"}]}}{"C1333":{"preferredName":"Dexrazoxane","code":"C1333","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to treat severe side effects caused by certain anticancer drugs. Under the brand name Totect it is used to treat the toxic effects of an anticancer drug that leaks from a vein into surrounding tissue and causes tissue damage. Under the brand name Zinecard it is used to reduce heart damage in women given doxorubicin for breast cancer that has spread. Dexrazoxane is also being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of cardioprotective agent, a type of chemoprotective agent, and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bisdioxopiperazine with iron-chelating, chemoprotective, cardioprotective, and antineoplastic activities. After hydrolysis to an active form that is similar to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), dexrazoxane chelates iron, limiting the formation of free radical-generating anthracycline-iron complexes, which may minimize anthracycline-iron complex-mediated oxidative damage to cardiac and soft tissues. This agent also inhibits the catalytic activity of topoisomerase II, which may result in tumor cell growth inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-(S)-4,4'-(1-Methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)di(2,6-piperazinedione)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2, 6-Piperazinedione, 4,4'-propylenedi-, (P)- (8CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2,6-Piperazinedione, 4, 4'-(1-methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis-, (S)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2,6-Piperazinedione, 4,4'-(1-methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis-,(S)-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Piperazinedione, 4,4'propylenedi-,(P)-(8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADR-529","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEXRAZOXANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dexrazoxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Dexrazoxane","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dexrazoxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICRF-187","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ICRF-187","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Razoxane (+)-form","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soluble ICRF (L-isomer)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"dexrazoxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"169780"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0086444"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"24584-09-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"048L81261F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H16N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dexrazoxane"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50223"}]}}{"C66945":{"preferredName":"Dexrazoxane Hydrochloride","code":"C66945","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat severe side effects caused by certain anticancer drugs. It is used under the brand name Totect to treat the toxic effects of an anticancer drug that leaks from a vein into surrounding tissue and causes tissue damage. It is also used under the brand name Zinecard to reduce heart damage in women given doxorubicin for breast cancer that has spread. Dexrazoxane hydrochloride is also being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of cardioprotective agent, a type of chemoprotective agent, and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a bisdioxopiperazine with iron-chelating, chemoprotective, cardioprotective, and antineoplastic activities. After hydrolysis to an active form that is similar to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), dexrazoxane chelates iron, limiting the formation of free radical-generating anthracycline-iron complexes, which may minimize anthracycline-iron complex-mediated oxidative damage to cardiac and soft tissues. This agent also inhibits the catalytic activity of topoisomerase II, which may result in tumor cell growth inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardioxane","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEXRAZOXANE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dexrazoxane Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dexrazoxane Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Totect","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Totect","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zinecard","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Zinecard","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dexrazoxane hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0982118"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"149003-01-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"severe side effects caused by certain types of chemotherapy including extravasation, cardiac side effects by doxorubicin."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5346058Q7S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39485"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39485"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H16N4O4.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dexrazoxane_Hydrochloride"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50224"}]}}{"C968":{"preferredName":"Dezaguanine","code":"C968","definitions":[{"description":"A purine nucleoside analogue with antineoplastic and antiviral activities. By replacing guanine, dezaguanine incorporates into DNA and inhibits de novo purine synthesis, thereby inducing cell death. 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By competing with guanine, dezaguanine gets incorporated into DNA and inhibits DNA synthesis, thereby inducing cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Deazaguanine Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEZAGUANINE MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dezaguanine Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825284"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"87434-82-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H56TJ4554M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H6N4O.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dezaguanine_Mesylate"}]}}{"C107686":{"preferredName":"Dezapelisib","code":"C107686","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. Dezapelisib specifically inhibits PI3Kdelta, which prevents both the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and the activation of the PI3K/AKT kinase signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3Kdelta is often overexpressed in tumor cells, especially those of hematologic origin, and plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival. The targeted inhibition of PI3Kdelta allows for PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5H-Thiazolo(3,2-a)pyrimidin-5-one, 6-(3-Fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-7-((1S)-1-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)ethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEZAPELISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dezapelisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dezapelisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB040093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL451874"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1262440-25-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2K59L7G59M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751623"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751623"}]}}{"C425":{"preferredName":"Dianhydrogalactitol","code":"C425","definitions":[{"description":"A bifunctional hexitol derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Dianhydrogalactitol alkylates and cross-links DNA via an epoxide group during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function and cell cycle arrest. 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It belongs to the family of drugs called diarylsulfonylureas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"ILX-295501 is a novel sulfonylurea compound that has demonstrated in-vivo antitumor activity against a broad spectrum of solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diarylsulfonylurea Compound ILX-295501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILX 295501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILX-295501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ILX295501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 295501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"LY-295501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY295501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(((3,4-Dichlorophenyl)amino)carbonyl)-2,3-dihydro-5-benzofuransulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5-(2,3-Dihydrobenzofuryl)sulfonyl)-N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0299218"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"150869-74-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37917"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37917"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ILX-295501"}]}}{"C62508":{"preferredName":"Diazepinomicin","code":"C62508","definitions":[{"description":"A potent inhibitor of the RAS/RAF/MAPK signaling pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Diazepinomicin binds to and inhibits Ras kinase, thereby preventing the phosphorylation and activation of proteins downstream of the Ras signal transduction pathway, including serine/threonine kinase RAF (BRAF) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1 and ERK-2), that play a crucial role in regulating cell growth and survival. Diazepinomicin also selectively binds to the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (BZRP), a receptor highly expressed in certain cancer cells, thus inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in BZRP-expressing cells. In addition, diazepinomicin is able to cross the blood-brain barrier, thereby reaching therapeutic concentrations in the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11h-dibenzo(B,E)(1,4)diazepin-11-one, 5,10-dihydro-4,6,8-trihydroxy-10-((2E,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BU-4664L","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIAZEPINOMICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Diazepinomicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diazepinomicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECO-4601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLN-4601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"20655882"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4048794"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"C28H34N2O4"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"733035-26-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YPH994Y0RF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496938"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496938"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ECO-4601"}]}}{"C1363":{"preferredName":"Diaziquone","code":"C1363","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is able to cross the blood-brain barrier and kill cancer cells in the central nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A water-soluble, synthetic aziridinylbenzoquinone with potential antineoplastic activity. Bioactivation of aziridinylbenzoquinone RH1 occurs through the two-electron reduction of the quinone to the hydroquinone by the two-electron quinone reductase DT-diaphorase (DTD). The resultant hydroquinone selectively alkylates and cross-links DNA at the 5'-GNC-3' sequence, inihibiting DNA replication, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. DTD is over-expressed in many tumors relative to normal tissue, including lung, colon, breast and liver tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,4-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-dicarbamic acid, 2, 5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dioxo-, diethyl ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dicarbamic acid, 2, 5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dioxo-, diethyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dicarbamic acid,2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dioxo,-diethyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,5-bis(1-aciridinyl)-3,6-bis(ethoxycarbonylamino)-1,4-benzoquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-bis(ethoxycarbonylamino)-1,4-benzoquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dioxo-1,4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dicarbamic acid diethyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,5-diaziridinyl-3,6-bis(ethoxycarbonyl-amino)-1,4-benzoquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZQ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AZQ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aziridinyl Benzoquinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aziridinylbenzoquinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aziridinylbenzoquinone carbamic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-904","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbamic acid, [2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dioxo-1, 4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diyl]bis-, diethyl ester (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DIAZIQUONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Diaziquone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Diaziquone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dioxo-1,4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diyl]biscarbamic acid diethyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carbamic acid, [2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dioxo-1, 4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diyl]bis-, diethyl ester (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"diaziquone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"182986"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0113600"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57998-68-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FQL5EUP13W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39161"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39161"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H20N4O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Diaziquone"}]}}{"C427":{"preferredName":"Diazooxonorleucine","code":"C427","definitions":[{"description":"An L-glutamine diazo analogue amino acid antibiotic isolated from a species of the bacterial genus Streptomyces with potential antineoplastic activity. Diazooxonorleucine inhibits several glutamine-dependent biosynthetic pathways involved in the syntheses of D-glucosamine phosphate, purines and pyrimidines. This agent inhibits phosphate-activated glutaminase, a key enzyme for the synthesis of releasable glutamine, depleting cells of this essential amino acid and reducing their capacity to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-DIAZO-5-OXO-L-NORLEUCINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-diazo-5-oxo-norleucine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DON","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diazooxonorleucine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Diazooxonorleucine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"7365"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0012020"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"764-17-0"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39224"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39224"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Diazooxonorleucine"}]}}{"C81362":{"preferredName":"Dibrospidium Chloride","code":"C81362","definitions":[{"description":"A dispirotripiperazine derivative and alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. Dibrospidium chloride has been examined for the treatment of bone cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIBROSPIDIUM CHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dibrospidium Chloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825594"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"86641-76-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GRX5L9Y3Z3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H32Br2N4O2.2Cl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dibrospidium_Chloride"}]}}{"C28959":{"preferredName":"Dichloroallyl Lawsone","code":"C28959","definitions":[{"description":"A triazine derivative with antineoplastic activity. Dichloroallyl lawsone inhibits mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHOD), an enzyme that catalyzes the only redox step in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, and nucleotide (RNA and DNA) biosynthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dichloroallyl Lawsone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"126771"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0057845"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"36417-16-0"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dichloroallyl_Lawsone"}]}}{"C107676":{"preferredName":"Dicycloplatin","code":"C107676","definitions":[{"description":"A third-generation, supramolecular platinum-based compound composed of carboplatin linked, by a strong hydrogen bond, to 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylate (CBDCA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, dicycloplatin appears to have a mechanism of action similar to that of other platinum-based compounds, which involves both DNA binding and the formation of DNA crosslinks. This mechanism results in the induction of apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Compared to carboplatin alone, dicycloplatin shows enhanced solubility and stability in aqueous solution and appears to have a more favorable toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DCP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dicycloplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dicycloplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3815135"}]}}{"C1338":{"preferredName":"Didox","code":"C1338","definitions":[{"description":"A ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor with activity against retroviruses. Didox inhibits retrovirus replication by depleting the deoxynucleotides obligatory for synthesis of the proviral DNA intermediate of retrovirus replication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,4-Dihydroxybenzohydroxamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,4-Dihydroxybenzohydroxamic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DIDOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Didox","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Didox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"324360"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0094556"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"69839-83-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L106XFV0RQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40191"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40191"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Didox"}]}}{"C87238":{"preferredName":"Dienogest","code":"C87238","definitions":[{"description":"An orally-active, semisynthetic, fourth generation, nonethinylated progestogen with antiproliferative, antiandrogenic, anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic activities that is used in hormone therapy and as a female contraceptive. Upon oral administration, dienogest binds intracellular progesterone receptors which then translocate to the nucleus where the drug-receptor complex interacts with progesterone response elements, thus altering the expression of target genes. Dienogest reduces the production of estradiol, prevents ovulation and alters the cervical mucus and endometrium. In addition, dienogest appears to suppress the expression of cell cycle regulator cyclin D1. Altogether, this may prevent the growth of endometrial epithelial cells and may reduce symptoms associated with leiomyoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-Hydroxy-3-Oxo-19-Nor-17Alpha-Pregna-4,9-Diene-21-Nitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"19-Norpregna-4,9-Diene-21-Nitrile, 17-Hydroxy-3-Oxo-, (17Alpha)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIENOGEST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dienogest","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 18575","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MJR-35","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STS 557","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZK 37659","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0057916"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65928-58-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"46M3EV8HHE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743773"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743773"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H25NO2"}]}}{"C1168":{"preferredName":"Diethylnorspermine","code":"C1168","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic bis-ethyl analogue of spermine with potential antineoplastic activity. N(1),N(11)-bis(ethyl)norspermine (DENSPM), a N-terminally alkylated tetraamine and polyamine mimetics, disrupts polyamine pool homeostasis by modulating the activities of the biosynthetic enzymes, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC). This agent also reduces polyamine concentrations through the induction of the catabolic enzyme spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SSAT). Polyamines, an integral part of the DNA helix structure, play a critical role in cell division, differentiation and membrane function. Disruption of normal polyamine concentrations by DENSPM may lead to cell growth inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CI-1006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DENSPM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethylnorspermine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N(1),N(11)-diethylnorspermine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1,N11-bis(ethyl)norspermine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0067116"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"121749-39-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"375649"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"375649"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"N_1_N_11_bis_ethyl_norspermine"}]}}{"C2634":{"preferredName":"Digitoxin","code":"C2634","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A lipid soluble cardiac glycoside that inhibits the plasma membrane sodium potassium ATPase, leading to increased intracellular sodium and calcium levels and decreased intracellular potassium levels. In studies increased intracellular calcium precedes cell death and decreased intracellular potassium increase caspase activation and DNA fragmentation, causing apoptosis and inhibition of cancer cell growth. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3beta,5beta)-3-[(O-2,6-Dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1-4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-14-hydroxycard-20(22)-enolide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"CP4071","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CP4071","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardidigin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Crystalline Digitalin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Crystodigin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIGITOXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Digitoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"7529"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0012258"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"71-63-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Atrial Fibrillation; Atrial Flutter; Congestive Heart Failure; Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmias."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E90NZP2L9U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38332"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38332"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C41H64O13"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Digitoxin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28544"}]}}{"C28990":{"preferredName":"Digoxin","code":"C28990","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat irregular heartbeat and some types of heart failure. It is also being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Digoxin helps the heart work normally by controlling the amount of calcium that goes into the heart muscle. It also may kill cancer cells and make them more sensitive to anticancer drugs. It is a type of cardiac glycoside.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cardiac glycoside. Digoxin inhibits the sodium potassium adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) pump, thereby increasing intracellular calcium and enhancing cardiac contractility. This agent also acts directly on the atrioventricular node to suppress conduction, thereby slowing conduction velocity. Apparently due to its effects on intracellular calcium concentrations, digoxin induces apoptosis of tumor cells via a pathway involving mitochondrial cytochrome c and caspases 8 and 3. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"12beta-Hydroxydigitoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3beta,12beta,14-Trihydroxy-5beta,14beta-card-20(22)-enolid-3-tridigitoxosid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiogoxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIGOXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Digoxigenin-tridigitoxosid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Digoxin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Digoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lanoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Lanoxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"digoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"95100"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0012265"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"20830-75-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"73K4184T59"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485249"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485249"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C41H64O14"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Digoxin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4551"}]}}{"C980":{"preferredName":"Dihydro-5-Azacytidine","code":"C980","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic nucleoside analogue of deoxycytidine. Dihydro-5-azacytidine inhibits DNA methyltransferase, thereby interfering with abnormal DNA methylation patterns that are associated with genetic instability in some tumor cells. Inhibition of this enzyme may restore expression of tumor-suppressor genes and result in antitumor activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one, 4-amino-3, 6-dihydro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,6-DIHYDRO-5-AZACYTIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"5,6-Dihydro-5-azacytidine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5,6-dihydro-5-azacytidine HCl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,6-dihydro-5-azacytidine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DHAC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydro-5-Azacytidine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dihydro-5-Azacytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"264880"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048906"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"62488-57-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0627D8VG1C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39220"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39220"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H14N4O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dihydro-5-Azacytidine"}]}}{"C1463":{"preferredName":"Dihydrolenperone","code":"C1463","definitions":[{"description":"A butyrophenone that has been investigated for antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Butanone, 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[4-[(4-fluorophenyl)hydroxymethyl]-1-piperidi nyl]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-Butanone, 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[4-[(4-fluorophenyl)hydroxymethyl]-1-piperidinyl]-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIHYDROLENPERONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dihydro-lenperone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dihydro-lenperone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydrolenperone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dihydrolenperone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RMI 11974","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"343513"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0208317"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"38077-12-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9RJ5N8VE7Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40107"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40107"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H25F2NO2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dihydrolenperone"}]}}{"C158103":{"preferredName":"Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor AG-636","code":"C158103","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, AG-636 specifically targets, binds to and prevents the activation of DHODH, thereby preventing the fourth enzymatic step in de novo pyrimidine synthesis. This prevents uridine monophosphate (UMP) formation, DNA synthesis, cell division and cellular proliferation, causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, enables differentiation and induces apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. DHODH, a mitochondrial enzyme, catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate (DHO) to orotate in the endogenous synthesis of UMP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG 636","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG-636","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG636","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHODH Inhibitor AG-636","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor AG-636","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor AG-636","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937737"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797356"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797356"}]}}{"C153137":{"preferredName":"Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor BAY2402234","code":"C153137","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BAY2402234 specifically targets, binds to and prevents the activation of DHODH, thereby preventing the fourth enzymatic step in de novo pyrimidine synthesis. This prevents uridine monophosphate (UMP) formation, DNA synthesis, cell division and cellular proliferation, causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, enables differentiation and induces apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. DHODH, a mitochondrial enzyme, catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate (DHO) to orotate in the endogenous synthesis of UMP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 2402234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-2402234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY2402234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHODH Inhibitor BAY2402234","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor BAY2402234","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor BAY2402234","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554394"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793941"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793941"}]}}{"C53434":{"preferredName":"Diindolylmethane","code":"C53434","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of prostate cancer and in the prevention of cervical cancer. Diindolylmethane is found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, cabbage, and kale. It is a type of plant indole.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A phytonutrient and plant indole found in cruciferous vegetables including broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower and kale, with potential anti-androgenic and antineoplastic activities. As a dimer of indole-3-carbinol, diindolylmethane (DIM) promotes beneficial estrogen metabolism in both sexes by reducing the levels of 16-hydroxy estrogen metabolites and increasing the formation of 2-hydroxy estrogen metabolites, resulting in increased antioxidant activity. Although this agent induces apoptosis in tumor cells in vitro, the exact mechanism by which DIM exhibits its antineoplastic activity in vivo is unknown.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,3'-Diindolymethane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,3'-Methylenebis-1H-indole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"3,3'-Methylenebis-1H-indole","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCRIS 5806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DIM-Plus","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIMPRO","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Di-Indoly Methane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diindolylmethane","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diindolylmethane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"diindolylmethane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1100708"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1968-05-4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462587"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462587"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Diindolylmethane"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50182"}]}}{"C1073":{"preferredName":"Dimethylmyleran","code":"C1073","definitions":[{"description":"An aliphatic analogue of busulfan with potential antineoplastic activity. As an alkylating agent, dimethylbusulfan induces neutropenia and has been shown to exhibit antitumor effects in some animal models. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA synthesis and cell division. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,5-Dimethanesulfonoxyhexane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethyl-Myleran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethylbusulfan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethylmyleran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dimethylmyleran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethylmyleran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"180543"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"23890"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"180541"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"180542"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0058272"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"55-93-6"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39221"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39221"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dimethylbusulfan"}]}}{"C78854":{"preferredName":"Dinaciclib","code":"C78854","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of advanced melanoma (a type of skin cancer) and other types of cancer. It blocks cell division and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine with potential antineoplastic activity. Dinaciclib selectively inhibits cyclin dependent kinases CDK1, CDK2, CDK5, and CDK9; inhibition of CDK1 and CDK2 may result in cell cycle repression and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Piperidineethanol, 1-[3-ethyl-7-[[(1-oxido-3-pyridinyl)methyl]amino]pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-5-yl]-, (2S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK Inhibitor SCH 727965","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK inhibitor SCH 727965","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DINACICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dinaciclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dinaciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-7965","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 727965","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dinaciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698720"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"779353-01-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4V8ECV0NBQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612855"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612855"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H28N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CDK_Inhibitor_SCH_727965"}]}}{"C1570":{"preferredName":"Dinutuximab","code":"C1570","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It binds to a molecule called GD2, which is found in greater than normal amounts on some types of cancer cells. This helps cells of the immune system kill the cancer cells. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chimeric mouse/human monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Dinutuximab binds to the ganglioside GD2 and induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against GD2-expressing tumor cells. GD2 is overexpressed in malignant melanoma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, and small cell carcinoma of the lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ch 14.18UTC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ch14.18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Ch14.18","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DINUTUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dinutuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dinutuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOAB Ch14.18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Unituxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody Ch14.18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"623408"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3871452"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1363687-32-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"childhood neuroblastoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7SQY4ZUD30"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42042"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42042"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_Ch14_18"}]}}{"C115103":{"preferredName":"Dioscorea nipponica Makino Extract DNE3","code":"C115103","definitions":[{"description":"An extract of the plant Dioscorea nipponica Makino and inhibitor of both the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) and members of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) family of lipid kinases, with potential antineoplastic and anti-metastatic activities. Dioscorea nipponica Makino extracted with ethyl acetate (DNE3) binds to and inhibits PI3K and Akt. This inhibits PI3K/Akt-mediated signaling and prevents both growth and survival of PI3K/Akt-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, DNE3 increases the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), inhibits the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), primarily MMP-2 and MMP-9, and inhibits the serine protease urokinase (urokinase-type plasminogen activator; u-PA). This inhibits tumor cell invasion, migration, motility, and adhesion. This agent also inhibits the activation of both cAMP response element-binding (CREB) and activating protein-1 (AP-1), and increases the expression of IkappaB (IkB), which inhibits the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB). These processes further contribute to this agent's anti-tumor potential in susceptible tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNE3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dioscorea nipponica Extract with Ethyl Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dioscorea nipponica Makino Extract DNE3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472634"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759832"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759832"}]}}{"C28994":{"preferredName":"Diphencyprone","code":"C28994","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, potent allergic contact sensitizer with potential immunostimulatory activity. After sensitization process by repeated topical application of diphencyprone to a specific area, further application of this agent to the affected area may stimulate an immune response and may potentially be useful to clear the affected area from infection or cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIPHENCYPRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DPCP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diphencyprone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diphenylcyclopropenone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"57541"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0058379"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"886-38-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I7G14NW5EC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H10O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Diphencyprone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:53074"}]}}{"C126273":{"preferredName":"Diphtheria Toxin Fragment-Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein E7777","code":"C126273","definitions":[{"description":"A cytotoxic recombinant fusion protein consisting of the human cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) fused to diphtheria toxin fragments A and B, containing both the catalytic and translocation domains, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the IL-2 moiety of diphtheria toxin fragment-IL-2 fusion protein E7777 binds to IL-2 receptors. After internalization by IL-2 receptor-expressing cells via endocytosis, the agent is proteolytically cleaved. This releases the catalytic domain of the toxin moiety, which catalyzes the transfer of the ADP-ribose moiety of NAD to a diphthamide residue of elongation factor 2 (EF-2). This covalent modification inactivates EF-2 and disrupts polypeptide chain elongation, resulting in an inhibition of translation and cell death. E7777 has the same amino acid sequence as denileukin diftitox (DD), but has an increased purity profile and an increased percentage of monomeric, active protein, which improves its efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diphtheria Toxin Fragment-Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein E7777","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7777","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504850"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779222"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779222"}]}}{"C432":{"preferredName":"Ditiocarb","code":"C432","definitions":[{"description":"A sulfhydryl-containing carbamate that is the primary in vivo metabolite of disulfiram. Diethyldithiocarbamate chelates zinc, thereby inhibiting metalloproteinases, thereby preventing the degradation of the extracellular matrix and inhibiting an initial step in cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. A known inhibitor of superoxide dismutase, this agent can either potentiate or protect against cell oxidative damage caused by ionizing radiation, depending on the time of administration. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DDTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIECA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DITIOCARB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethylcarbamodithioic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Diethylcarbamodithioic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethyldione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethyldithiocarbamate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethyldithiocarbamic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethyldithiocarbaminic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethyldithione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ditiocarb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0012194"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"147-84-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"99Z2744345"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40247"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H11NS2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Diethyldithiocarbamate"}]}}{"C1526":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel","code":"C1526","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used together with other drugs to treat certain types of breast cancer, stomach cancer, prostate cancer, and certain types of head and neck cancer. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Docetaxel is a type of mitotic inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane derived from a compound found in the European yew tree, Taxus baccata. Docetaxel displays potent and broad antineoplastic properties; it binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell- cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and displays immunomodulatory and pro-inflammatory properties by inducing various mediators of the inflammatory response. Docetaxel has been studied for use as a radiation-sensitizing agent. 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Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of microtubules and thereby antagonizes the disassembly of the microtubule proteins. This results in the persistence of aberrant microtubule structures and results in cell-cycle arrest and subsequent cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DOCEFREZ","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOCETAXEL ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Anhydrous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771375"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"114977-28-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"699121PHCA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C43H53NO14"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Docetaxel_Anhydrous"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4672"}]}}{"C78196":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel Emulsion ANX-514","code":"C78196","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable emulsion formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semisynthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory response. Docetaxel emulsion ANX-514 is formulated without polysorbate 80 or other detergents in order to reduce the incidence and severity of hypersensitivity reactions. In addition, the exclusion of polysorbate 80 in this formulation precludes foaming during the preparation process, thus facilitating preparation and administration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANX-514","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Emulsion ANX-514","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Emulsion ANX-514","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383589"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595290"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595290"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Docetaxel_Emulsion_ANX-514"}]}}{"C102568":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel Lipid Microspheres","code":"C102568","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid microsphere (LM)-based formulation containing the poorly water soluble taxane docetaxel, a semi-synthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which causes cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and leads to cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory response. Compared to docetaxel alone, the LM formulation may enhance stability, improve efficacy and may reduce toxicity; this formulation does not contain toxic detergents needed to solubilize docetaxel which further improves its side effect profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DLE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DT-LM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Lipid Emulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Lipid Microspheres","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL436875"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735255"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735255"}]}}{"C121961":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel Nanoparticle CPC634","code":"C121961","definitions":[{"description":"A polymeric nanoparticle (PNP) formulation containing the poorly water-soluble taxane docetaxel, a semi-synthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the docetaxel nanoparticle CPC634, the nanoparticles are able to accumulate at the tumor site due to the unique characteristics of the tumor's vasculature, while avoiding normal, healthy tissue. In turn, docetaxel is released locally at the target tumor site, binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, thereby preventing cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory response. Compared to docetaxel alone, this formulation may enhance stability and improve delivery, thereby increasing docetaxel's efficacy while avoiding systemic exposure, which minimizes its toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPC 634","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPC-634","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPC634","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CriPec (R) Docetaxel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Nanoparticle CPC634","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel containing CriPec (R) Nanoparticles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-containing CriPec (R) Nanoparticles CPC634","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle-encapsulated Docetaxel CPC634","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4054421"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772251"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772251"}]}}{"C165263":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel Polymeric Micelles","code":"C165263","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation consisting of polymeric micelles (PMs), made with poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)-block-poly(D,L-lactide) (PVP-b-PDLLA) block polymers, encapsulating the taxane docetaxel, a semi-synthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the docetaxel PMs, the nanoparticles are able to accumulate at the tumor site due to the unique characteristics of the tumor's vasculature, while avoiding normal, healthy tissue. In turn, docetaxel is released locally at the target tumor site where it binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, thereby stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly. This results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, thereby preventing cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory response. Compared to docetaxel alone, this formulation may enhance stability and improve delivery, thereby increasing docetaxel's efficacy while avoiding systemic exposure, which minimizes its toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Docetaxel Lipid Emulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Polymeric Micelles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-PM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-loaded PM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-loaded PMs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-loaded Polymeric Micelles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NANOXEL-M","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NanoxelM","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799405"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799405"}]}}{"C91087":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel-PNP","code":"C91087","definitions":[{"description":"A polymeric nanoparticle (PNP) formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semi-synthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, preventing cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory response. Compared to docetaxel alone, the PNP formulation may enhance stability and improve delivery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Docetaxel-PNP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNP-DTX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421475"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671819"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671819"}]}}{"C121539":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel-loaded Nanopharmaceutical CRLX301","code":"C121539","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation containing the poorly water-soluble, second-generation taxane analog docetaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the docetaxel-loaded nanopharmaceutical CRLX301, the nanoparticles are able to accumulate at the tumor site due to the unique characteristics of the tumor's vasculature, while avoiding normal, healthy tissue. In turn, CRLX301 is taken up by the tumor cell via macropinocytosis. Subsequently, docetaxel is slowly released into the cytoplasm where it binds to and stabilizes the beta-subunit of tubulin, thereby stabilizing microtubules and inhibiting microtubule disassembly. This prevents mitosis and results in cell death. Compared to the administration of docetaxel alone, this formulation is able to increase docetaxel's efficacy while avoiding systemic exposure, which minimizes its toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRLX301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-loaded Nanopharmaceutical CRLX301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-loaded Nanopharmaceutical CRLX301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053653"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770081"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770081"}]}}{"C162784":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel/Ritonavir","code":"C162784","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable combination agent containing docetaxel, a second generation taxane, and ritonavir, a cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inhibitor, with potential enhanced antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. Docetaxel is metabolized by CYP3A4 enzymes which is inhibited by the presence of ritonavir. This increases the plasma concentration of docetaxel and may increase docetaxel's efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Docetaxel/Ritonavir","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Docetaxel/Ritonavir","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ModraDoc006/r","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Docetaxel/Ritonavir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798993"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798993"}]}}{"C1300":{"preferredName":"Dolastatin 10","code":"C1300","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It binds to a protein that cells need to divide and it may kill cancer cells. Dolastatin 10 comes from a marine organism. It is a type of mitotic inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pentapeptide originally isolated from the marine mollusk Dolabella auricularia with potential antineoplastic activity. Binding to tubulin, Dolastatin 10 inhibits microtubule assembly, resulting in the formation of tubulin aggregates and inhibition of mitosis. This agent also induces tumor cell apoptosis through a mechanism involving bcl-2, an oncoprotein that is overexpressed in some cancers. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B720389K560","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"B720389K560","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dolastatin 10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dolastatin 10","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dolastatin 10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dolastatin-10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Valinamide, N,N-dimethyl-L-valyl-N-[2-methoxy-4-[2-[1- methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxo-3-[[2-phenyl-1-(2-thiazolyl)ethyl]amino]propyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-1-(1-methylpropyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-, [2S-[1[1R*(R*),2S*],2R*[1S*,2S*,3(R*)]]]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dolastatin 10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"376128"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0082338"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"110417-88-4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42316"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42316"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dolastatin_10"}]}}{"C1439":{"preferredName":"Dolastatin 15","code":"C1439","definitions":[{"description":"A depsipeptide originally isolated from the marine mollusk Dolabella auricularia with potential antineoplastic activity. Less potent than the structurally-related compound dolastatin 10, dolastatin 15 binds weakly to tubulin and blocks microtubule assembly, thereby inhibiting mitosis. Dolastatin 15 also induces tumor cell apoptosis through a mechanism involving bcl-2, an oncoprotein that is overexpressed in some cancers. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dolastatin 15","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dolastatin 15","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Proline, 1-(1-(N-(N-(N,N-dimethyl-L-valyl)-L-valyl)-N-methyl-L-valyl)-L-prolyl)-, 1-((2,5-dihydro-3-methoxy-5-oxo-2-(phenylmethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)carbonyl)-2-methylpropyl ester, (S-(R*,R*))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"617668"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0170214"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123884-00-4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dolastatin_15"}]}}{"C96797":{"preferredName":"Domatinostat","code":"C96797","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable benzamide and inhibitor of human class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) isoenzymes 1, 2 and 3, with potential antineoplastic activity. Domatinostat selectively binds to and inhibits class I HDACs leading to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones. This may result in an induction of chromatin remodeling, the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, and the tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and eventually the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor types, are a class of enzymes that deacetylate chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenamide, N-(2-aminophenyl)-3-(1-((4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl)sulfonyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)-, (2E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SC-202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOMATINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Domatinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429405"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"264ARM7UXX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700110"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700110"}]}}{"C118294":{"preferredName":"Donafenib","code":"C118294","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available multikinase inhibitor that targets Raf kinase and various receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, donafenib binds to and blocks the activity of Raf kinase, and inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits cell proliferation in Raf-expressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent may inhibit unidentified RTKs, and thus may further block tumor cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. Raf, a serine/threonine protein kinase, plays a key role in the Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. Deregulation of this pathway often results in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyridinecarboxamide, 4-(4-((((4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)amino)carbonyl)amino)phenoxy)-N-(methyl-d3)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-(4-((4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)carbamoylamino)phenoxy)-N-(trideuteriomethyl)pyridine-2-carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM-4307","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CM-4307","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Donafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3899341"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1130115-44-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"41XGO0VS1U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764413"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764413"}]}}{"C88345":{"preferredName":"Dopamine-Somatostatin Chimeric Molecule BIM-23A760","code":"C88345","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric molecule directed against dopamine and somatostatin receptors with potential antineoplastic activity. Combining two pharmacological moieties, a somatostatin analogue and a dopamine agonist, dopamine-somatostatin chimeric molecule BIM-23A760 binds with high affinity to dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) and somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2), and to a lesser extent to somatostatin receptor subtype 5 (SSTR5). This agent appears to exert its effect mainly by binding to D2R to activate the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways, thus inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cellular proliferation in non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) and neuroendocrine tumors. By binding to SSTR2, this agent may inhibit the secretion of growth hormone (GH) by the pituitary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIM-23A760","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dopamine-Somatostatin Chimeric Molecule BIM-23A760","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2604387"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"868562-36-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661022"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661022"}]}}{"C148462":{"preferredName":"Double-armed TMZ-CD40L/4-1BBL Oncolytic Ad5/35 Adenovirus LOAd703","code":"C148462","definitions":[{"description":"A double-armed oncolytic adenovirus composed of a recombinant genetically modified E1/E3-deleted, adenoviral serotype 5 (Ad5) vector, with the L5 segment of the Ad5 fiber replaced by the shaft and knob from the Ad35 serotype (Ad5/35), which expresses a trimerized (TMZ) form of the membrane-bound immunostimulator CD40 ligand (CD40L; TNFSF5) and the ligand for the signaling domain 4-1BB (4-1BBL; CD137L; TNFSF9), under the control of a CMV promoter, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration of double-armed TMZ-CD40L/4-1BBL oncolytic Ad5/35 adenovirus LOAd703, the virus infects and selectively replicates in tumor cells. This causes direct oncolysis and the release of a plethora of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) from the tumor cells. The released TAAs stimulate the immune system and activate anti-tumor cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), thereby further killing tumor cells. In addition, infected tumor cells and tumor stroma cells, including stellate cells and infiltrating immune cells, express the immunostimulants CD40L and 4-1BBL. The expressed CD40L and 4-1BBL proteins activate the CD40L- and 4-1BBL-mediated signaling pathways, respectively. This activates antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs) and M1 macrophages. The DCs produce various cytokines, including interleukin-12 (IL12), IL21, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa), and interferon-gamma (IFNg), which leads to the activation and expansion of both T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Altogether, this modulates immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME), disrupts tumor stroma, and causes additional immune stimulation against tumor cells, thereby inducing further tumor cell lysis. In addition, CD40L reduces myeloid suppressor cells in the TME. Inclusion of the chimeric Ad5/35 fiber targets CD46 and increases viral uptake in cells. Transgene expression is driven by a separate promoter to allow for efficient expression in both tumor cells and tumor stroma. Replication is restricted to tumor cells by the presence of the delta24 mutation in the E1A gene, which deletes the retinoplastoma protein (pRb)-binding domain and forces viral replication to be conditional on hyperphosphorylated pRb and a dysfunctional Rb pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Double-armed TMZ-CD40L/4-1BBL Oncolytic Ad5/35 Adenovirus LOAd703","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Double-armed TMZ-CD40L/4-1BBL Oncolytic Ad5/35 Adenovirus LOAd703","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOAd703","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenovirus LOAd703","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMZ-CD40L/4-1BBL Double-armed Oncolytic Adenovirus LOAd703","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMZ-CD40L/4-1BBL-loaded 5/35-serotype Adenovirus LOAd703","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551080"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793191"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793191"}]}}{"C76199":{"preferredName":"Dovitinib","code":"C76199","definitions":[{"description":"A benzimidazole-quinolinone compound and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Dovitinib binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of type III-V RTKs, such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) that promote tumor cell proliferation and survival in certain cancer cells. In addition, this agent also inhibits other members of the RTK superfamily, including fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 and 3, FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3, stem cell factor receptor (c-KIT), and colony stimulating factor receptor 1. This may further lead to a reduction of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis, and an induction of tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DOVITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dovitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dovitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699806"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"405169-16-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I35H55G906"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H21FN6O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dovitinib"}]}}{"C62435":{"preferredName":"Dovitinib Lactate","code":"C62435","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable lactate salt of a benzimidazole-quinolinone compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Dovitinib strongly binds to fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) and inhibits its phosphorylation, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell death. In addition, this agent may inhibit other members of the RTK superfamily, including the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; fibroblast growth factor receptor 1; platelet-derived growth factor receptor type 3; FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3; stem cell factor receptor (c-KIT); and colony-stimulating factor receptor 1; this may result in an additional reduction in cellular proliferation and angiogenesis, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The activation of FGFR3 is associated with cell proliferation and survival in certain cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Amino-5-fluoro-3-(6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)quinolin-2(1H)-one mono 2-hydroxypropanoate Hydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHIR-258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOVITINIB LACTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dovitinib Lactate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dovitinib Lactate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTK Inhibitor TKI258","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TKI258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1568328"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915769-50-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"69VKY8P7EA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488976"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488976"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H21FN6O.C3H6O3.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CHIR-258"}]}}{"C61737":{"preferredName":"Doxazosin","code":"C61737","definitions":[{"description":"A quinazoline with antihypertensive and antineoplastic properties. Doxazosin is an alpha-adrenergic antagonist that selectively inhibits alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. Blockages of the alpha-1 adrenergic action on the vascular smooth muscles lead to a decrease in vascular resistance and antihypertensive activity. This agent also shows high affinity to alpha-1c adrenoceptor, the predominant functional type in the prostate, which may partially attribute to its effect in treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Furthermore, doxazosin induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells mediated through inhibition of protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt-signaling death receptor regulatory pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DOXAZOSIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Doxazosin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Doxazosin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0114873"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"74191-85-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NW1291F1W8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H25N5O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Doxazosin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4708"}]}}{"C2645":{"preferredName":"Doxercalciferol","code":"C2645","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the prevention of recurrent prostate cancer. It is a type of vitamin D analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic analog of vitamin D with potential antineoplastic activity. In the liver, doxercalciferol is converted to its biologically active vitamin D metabolites, which control the intestinal absorption of dietary calcium, the tubular reabsorption of calcium by the kidney and, in conjunction with parathyroid hormone (PTH), the mobilization of calcium from the skeleton. Through interaction with specific receptor proteins in target tissues, these vitamin D metabolites act directly on osteoblasts to stimulate skeletal growth, and on the parathyroid glands to suppress PTH synthesis and secretion. This agent has also been shown to inhibit the growth of retinoblastomas, and may exhibit some antiproliferative activity against prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1alpha,3beta,5Z,7E,22E)-9,10-Secoergosta-5,7,10(19),22-tetraene-1,3-diol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Alpha-Hydroxyvitamin D2","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOXERCALCIFEROL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Doxercalciferol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Doxercalciferol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Doxercalciferol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hectorol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"doxercalciferol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0043668"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"54573-75-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Secondary hyperparathyroidism in end stage renal disease in patients on hemodialysis."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3DIZ9LF5Y9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38406"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38406"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H44O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Doxercalciferol"}]}}{"C978":{"preferredName":"Doxifluridine","code":"C978","definitions":[{"description":"A fluoropyrimidine derivative and oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with antitumor activity. Doxifluridine, designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-FU by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, is converted into 5-FU in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase. 5-FU interferes with DNA synthesis and subsequent cell division by reducing normal thymidine production and interferes with RNA transcription by competing with uridine triphosphate for incorporation into the RNA strand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-DFUR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOXIFLURIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Doxifluridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048808"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3094-09-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V1JK16Y2JP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481255"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481255"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11FN2O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Doxifluridine"}]}}{"C1326":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C1326","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat many types of cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Adriamycin PFS comes from the bacterium Streptomyces peucetius. It damages DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of anthracycline antitumor antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of doxorubicin, an anthracycline antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Doxorubicin, isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius, is the hydroxylated congener of daunorubicin. Doxorubicin intercalates between base pairs in the DNA helix, thereby preventing DNA replication and ultimately inhibiting protein synthesis. Additionally, doxorubicin inhibits topoisomerase II which results in an increased and stabilized cleavable enzyme-DNA linked complex during DNA replication and subsequently prevents the ligation of the nucleotide strand after double-strand breakage. Doxorubicin also forms oxygen free radicals resulting in cytotoxicity secondary to lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipids; the formation of oxygen free radicals also contributes to the toxicity of the anthracycline antibiotics, namely the cardiac and cutaneous vascular effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"14-Hydroxydaunorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Hydroxyacetyldaunorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8, 9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-, hydrochloride, (8S-cis)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-,hydrochloride, (8S-cis)-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADRIAMYCIN, HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Adriacin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Adriacin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriamycin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriamycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriamycin PFS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Adriamycin PFS","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriamycin RDF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Adriamycin RDF","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriamycin hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Adriamycine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriblastina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Adriblastina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriblastine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrimedac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chloridrato de Doxorrubicina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOXO-CELL","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Doxolem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin.HCl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Doxorubin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FI 106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"FI-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Farmiblastina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Lyxo-hexopyranoside, 3b-glycol-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-3,5,12-trihydroxy-10-methoxy-6,11-dioxo-1a-naphthacenyl 3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-, hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rubex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Rubex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"doxorubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hydroxydaunorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"123127"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0546861"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"25316-40-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Carcinomas of breast, thyroid, gastric, ovarian, bronchogenic, head and neck, prostate, cervical, pancreatic, uterine, hepatic, and transitional cell bladder carcinomas."},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Wilms' tumor; neuroblastoma; soft tissue and bone sarcomas; small cell carcinoma of the lung; lymphomas; multiple myeloma; mesotheliomas; germ cell tumors of the ovary or testis."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"82F2G7BL4E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38860"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38860"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO11.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Doxorubicin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1853":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin Prodrug L-377,202","code":"C1853","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A prodrug in which a peptide is covalently conjugated with the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. This complex is hydrolyzed by the enzyme prostate-specific antigen (PSA), resulting in the formation of doxorubicin and leucine-doxorubicin. Selective targeting of these drugs to prostate tumor cells occurs because the hydrolyzing PSA enzyme is localized to the prostate gland. Doxorubicin and leucine-doxorubicin intercalate into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. These agents also produce toxic free-radical intermediates and interact with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 10-((3-(((4R)-1-(4-carboxy-1-oxobutyl)-4-hydroxy-L-prolyl-L-alanyl-L-seryl-(2S)-2-cyclohexylglycyl-L-glutaminyl-L-seryl-L-leucyl)amino)-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-, (8S,10S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin Prodrug L-377,202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-377,202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"L-377202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879383"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"207395-85-5"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37792"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37792"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"L-377_202"}]}}{"C82419":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin-Eluting Beads","code":"C82419","definitions":[{"description":"A drug-device combination product consisting of small polymeric beads impregnated with the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. The beads consist of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microspheres modified with sulfonic acid groups and loaded with doxorubicin. During transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), doxorubicin-eluting beads embolize to the tumor vasculature and release cytotoxic doxorubicin, which may result in both ischemic necrosis of tumor tissue due to mechanical blockage of the tumor vasculature and doxorubicin-mediated inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Doxorubicin-Eluting Beads","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-Eluting Beads","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-Eluting Beads","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413528"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637761"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637761"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Doxorubicin-Eluting_Beads"}]}}{"C1366":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin-HPMA Conjugate","code":"C1366","definitions":[{"description":"A copolymer conjugate of the antineoplastic anthracycline doxorubicin and the water-soluble polymer N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA). Doxorubicin, an intercalator and a topoisomerase II inhibitor, prevents DNA replication and ultimately inhibits protein synthesis. This agent also generates oxygen free radicals, resulting in cytotoxic lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipid. HPMA conjugation enhances the permeability and retention of this agent within the tumor vasculature. Poorly cleared by the lymphatic system, this formulation undergoes increased cleavage by tumor cell lysosomal proteinases, resulting in increased, sustained intracellular concentrations of free doxorubicin. Compared to other doxorubicin-containing formulations, this formulation may exhibit an improved toxicity profile due to the lower concentrations of free doxorubicin to which non-malignant tissues are exposed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Doxorubicin-HPMA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-HPMA Conjugate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-HPMA Copolymer Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPMA-Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P(GFLG)-ADR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PK1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0114882"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42904"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42904"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Doxorubicin-HPMA_Conjugate"}]}}{"C2644":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin-Magnetic Targeted Carrier Complex","code":"C2644","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin in which doxorubicin is bound to microscopic beads of activated carbon and iron as a magnetic-targeted carrier (MTC). Doxorubicin, an intercalator and a topoisomerase II inhibitor, prevents DNA replication and ultimately inhibits protein synthesis. This agent also generates oxygen free radicals, resulting in cytotoxic lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipids. Guided by the placement of a magnet on the body surface overlying a tumor site, the doxorubicin-MTC complex delivers doxorubicin directly to the tumor site, thereby targeting and prolonging the duration of doxorubicin-mediated cytotoxicity to the tumor bed while minimizing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DOX-MTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-Magnetic Targeted Carrier Complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTC-DOX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134452"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38388"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38388"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Doxorubicin-Magnetic_Targeted_Carrier_Complex"}]}}{"C128897":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin-loaded EGFR-targeting Nanocells","code":"C128897","definitions":[{"description":"A nanocell formulation targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) using bispecific antibodies (bsAb) against EGFR and containing the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of doxorubicin-loaded EGFR-targeting nanocells, the nanocells are stable in the bloodstream and the anti-EGFR bsAb moiety targets and binds to EGFR-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, the nanocell allows for specific delivery of doxorubicin to tumor cells overexpressing EGFR. Upon endocytosis by the tumor cells, the nanocell is broken down and releases doxorubicin, which intercalates into DNA and interferes with topoisomerase II activity, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis. Compared to doxorubicin alone or liposomal doxorubicin, targeted delivery of doxorubicin improves efficacy while lowering the toxicity profile. EGFR, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in many cancer cell types. The nanocell is a bacterially derived nanosphere; the bacterial components are unlikely to induce an immune response in the immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Doxorubicin-loaded EGFR-targeting Nanocell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-loaded EGFR-targeting Nanocells","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-loaded EGFR-targeting Nanocells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR (Vectibix Sequence)-Targeted EnGeneIC Dream Vectors Containing Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR(V)-EDV-Dox","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR-targeted EnGeneIC Dream Vectors Containing Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512145"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782631"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782631"}]}}{"C1077":{"preferredName":"Dromostanolone Propionate","code":"C1077","definitions":[{"description":"The propionate salt form of dromostanolone, a synthetic anabolic steroid related to dihydrotestosterone that has antiestrogenic effects. Dromostanolone inhibits the growth of estrogen receptor-presenting breast cancers; its virilizing effects limit its clinical usefulness. 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Dual IGF-IR/InsR inhibitor BMS-754807 binds reversibly to and inhibits the activities of IGF-1R and InsR, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF-1R and InsR tyrosine kinases, overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, play significant roles in mitogenesis, angiogenesis, and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-754807","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BMS-754807","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual IGF-1R/InsR Inhibitor BMS-754807","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dual IGF-1R/InsR Inhibitor BMS-754807","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346450"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1001350-96-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W9E3353E8J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583260"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583260"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H26FN9O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"IGF1R_Antagonist_BMS-754807"}]}}{"C116750":{"preferredName":"Dual Variable Domain Immunoglobulin ABT-165","code":"C116750","definitions":[{"description":"A dual-specific, tetravalent immunoglobulin (Ig) G-like molecule targeting two as of yet not publicly known targets, with potential antineoplastic activity. The target-binding variable domains of two monoclonal antibodies, which are not publicly known, are combined, via linkers, to create the tetravalent, dual-targeting single agent ABT-165. Upon administration of dual variable domain immunoglobulin (DVD-Ig) ABT-165, the target-binding variable domains specifically recognize and simultaneously bind to their two antigens expressed on tumor cells. This may both prevent antigen-mediated signaling and lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. The antigen targets are overexpressed on certain tumor cell types. The DVD-Ig may have enhanced physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties as compared to their antibody counterparts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-165","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DVD-Ig ABT-165","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual Variable Domain Immunoglobulin ABT-165","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dual Variable Domain Immunoglobulin ABT-165","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471747"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753544"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753544"}]}}{"C136983":{"preferredName":"Dual-affinity B7-H3/CD3-targeted Protein MGD009","code":"C136983","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-bearing humanized bispecific dual-affinity re-targeting (DART) protein composed of Fv regions derived from monoclonal antibodies against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the MGD009 DART protein, the anti-B7-H3 component targets and binds to the cell surface antigen B7-H3; at the same time, the anti-CD3 component binds to human CD3. This cross-links the T-cells to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells, activates and redirects endogenous T-cells to kill B7-H3-expressing tumor cells, and inhibits proliferation of B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. B7-H3, a type I transmembrane protein and a member of the B7 co-stimulatory protein superfamily, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types and on various immune cells but is minimally expressed by normal human tissues. B7-H3 is a negative regulator of T-cell activation and its overexpression plays a key role in immuno-evasion, tumor cell invasion and metastasis, and its expression is correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B7-H3 x CD3 DART Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B7-H3 x CD3 Dual-affinity Re-targeting Protein MGD009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DART Protein MGD009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual-affinity B7-H3/CD3-targeted Protein MGD009","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dual-affinity B7-H3/CD3-targeted Protein MGD009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD 009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD-009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524772"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789782"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789782"}]}}{"C127116":{"preferredName":"Dubermatinib","code":"C127116","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL (UFO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, dubermatinib targets and binds to AXL and prevents its activity. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways and inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which, in turn, inhibits tumor cell proliferation and migration. In addition, TP-0903 enhances chemo-sensitivity to certain other chemotherapeutic agents. AXL, a member of the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases and overexpressed by many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis; its expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-((5-Chloro-2-((4-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl)phenyl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUBERMATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dubermatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dubermatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP 0903","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP-0903","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP0903","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507906"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1341200-45-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"14D65TV20J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780923"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780923"}]}}{"C1062":{"preferredName":"Duborimycin","code":"C1062","definitions":[{"description":"An anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic with therapeutic effects similar to those of doxorubicin. Duborimycin exhibits cytotoxic activity through topoisomerase-mediated interaction with DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. 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Dulanermin binds to and activates TRAIL receptors 1 and 2 (TRAIL-R1/R2), which may activate caspases and induce p53-independent apoptosis in TRAIL-R1/R2-expressing tumor cells. The pro-apoptotic cell surface receptors TRAIL-R1 and -R2, also known as DR4 (death receptor 4) and DR5 (death receptor 5), are members of the TNF receptor family and are overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"114-281-protein TRAIL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG 951","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APO2L/TRAIL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DULANERMIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dulanermin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dulanermin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG3639","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rTRAIL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0385242"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"867153-61-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L65E7T81M5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564398"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564398"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C871H1329N243O260S4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_TNF-Related_Apoptosis-Inducing_Ligand"}]}}{"C116628":{"preferredName":"Duligotuzumab","code":"C116628","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against both human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3 or ERBB3) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Duligotuzumab binds to both EGFR and HER3 and inhibits their activation. This may prevent EGFR/HER3-mediated signaling and inhibit EGFR/HER3-dependent tumor cell proliferation. In addition, MEHD7945A induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against EGR/HER3-expressing tumor cells. EGFR and HER3, members of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, are frequently overexpressed in tumors; their expression is associated with both poor prognosis and drug resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DULIGOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Duligotumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duligotuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Duligotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEHD 7945A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEHD-7945A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEHD7945A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7597","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3490133"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1312797-14-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8PMF8YQX2T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686389"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686389"}]}}{"C162455":{"preferredName":"Dupilumab","code":"C162455","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human monoclonal immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) antibody directed against the alpha chain of the interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R alpha) with potential immunomodulatory activities. Upon injection, dupilumab selectively binds to the IL-4R alpha chain. This disrupts IL-4/IL-13 signaling and prevents the activation of downstream pathways that mediate type 2 inflammation and may potentially inhibit tumor cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis. IL-4 and IL-13 receptors are present on the surface of numerous cells involved in the pathophysiology of type-2 helper T-cell (Th2) allergic responses, including B-lymphocytes, eosinophils, dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes, macrophages, basophils, keratinocytes, bronchial epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and airway smooth muscle cells. Additionally, both IL-4 and IL-13 receptors are overexpressed in a variety of cancers and IL-4 and IL-13 and may serve as biomarkers for cancer aggressiveness. IL-4 and IL-13 are thought to be key regulatory cytokines in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and may play a role in the activation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that mediate tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DUPILUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dupilumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dupilumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dupixent","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 231893","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-231893","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR231893","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1190264-60-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"420K487FSG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798743"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798743"}]}}{"C103194":{"preferredName":"Durvalumab","code":"C103194","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against B7H1 (B7 homolog 1; programmed cell death ligand 1) with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon intravenous administration, durvalumab binds to the cell surface antigen B7H1, thereby blocking B7H1 signaling. This may activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against B7H1-expressing tumor cells. B7H1, a member of the B7 protein superfamily and a negative regulator of cytokine synthesis, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DURVALUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Durvalumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Durvalumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imfinzi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Protein B7-H1) (Human Monoclonal MEDI4736 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal MEDI4736 Kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-4736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI4736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641122"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma; unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"28X28X9OKV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740856"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740856"}]}}{"C82683":{"preferredName":"Dusigitumab","code":"C82683","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 (IGF-1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Dusigitumab inhibits IGF1- and IGF2-stimulated activation of membrane-bound IGF receptors and the subsequent triggering of proliferation and survival signaling pathways. This may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF1/2 ligands stimulate cell proliferation, enable oncogenic transformation, and suppress apoptosis; IGF1/2 signaling has been highly implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1/2 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-573","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUSIGITUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dusigitumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dusigitumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G2, Anti-(Human Insulin-like Growth Factor I/Insulin-like Growth Factor II); Human Monoclonal MEDI-573 gamma Heavy Chain (134-216')-Disulfide with Human Monoclonal MEDI-573 lambda Light Chain Dimer (222-222'':223-223'':226-226'':229-229'')-Tetrakisdisulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830209"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1204390-13-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0Z70DT5PRX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633311"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633311"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-IGF_1_2_Monoclonal_Antibody_MEDI-573"}]}}{"C99225":{"preferredName":"Duvelisib","code":"C99225","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, highly selective and potent small molecule inhibitor of the delta and gamma isoforms of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, duvelisib prevents the activation of the PI3K delta/gamma-mediated signaling pathways which may lead to a reduction in cellular proliferation in PI3K delta/gamma-expressing tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, the delta and gamma isoforms are overexpressed primarily in hematologic malignancies and inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. By selectively targeting these PI3K isoforms, PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells is minimally or not affected which would result in a more favorable side effect profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1(2H)-Isoquinolinone, 8-Chloro-2-phenyl-3-((1S)-1-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)ethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-Chloro-2-phenyl-3-((1S)-1-(7H-purin-6-ylamino)ethyl)isoquinolin-1(2H)-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copiktra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUVELISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Duvelisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Duvelisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INK-1197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274621"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1201438-56-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) and follicular lymphoma (FL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"610V23S0JI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"718963"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"718963"}]}}{"C122406":{"preferredName":"Duvortuxizumab","code":"C122406","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-CD19/anti-CD3 bispecific, humanized antibody-like protein, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Duvortuxizumab possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD19, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of B-cells. Upon administration, duvortuxizumab binds to CD3-expressing T-cells and CD19-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CD19-expressing tumor B-cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in a potent CTL-mediated cell lysis of CD19-expressing B-lymphocytes. CD19, a B-cell specific membrane antigen, is expressed during normal B-cell development and on B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD19 x CD3 DART Protein JNJ-64052781","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUVORTUXIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Duvortuxizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Duvortuxizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-64052781","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RES192M1.2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hBU12(2.4)-hXR32-MP3 M1.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053583"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1831098-91-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J545GSE96Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772810"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772810"}]}}{"C1928":{"preferredName":"Dynemicin","code":"C1928","definitions":[{"description":"An antitumor antibiotic of the enediyne class. It has demonstrated high DNA cleavage activity in the presence of NADPH, antimicrobial and tumor growth-inhibiting properties. Dynemicin recognizes and cleaves conformationally flexible regions of DNA. It attacks bases at 3'-side of purine residues such as 5'-AG, 5'-AT, and 5'-GC sequences. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dynemicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512097"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dynemicin"}]}}{"C1079":{"preferredName":"Dynemicin A","code":"C1079","definitions":[{"description":"An enediyne antineoplastic antibiotic hybrid containing an anthraquinone moiety isolated from the bacterium Micromonospora chersina. The anthraquinone moiety intercalates into DNA and the benzene diradical intermediate of the enediyne core binds to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in double-strand breaks in DNA, inhibition of DNA replication and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dynemicin A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0058837"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"124412-57-3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dynemicin_A"}]}}{"C64767":{"preferredName":"E2F1 Pathway Activator ARQ 171","code":"C64767","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation E2F1 pathway activator with potential antineoplastic activity. ARQ 171 induces the expression of E2F transcription factor 1, thereby activating the E2F1-mediated checkpoint process. E2F1, down-regulated in cancer cells, regulates expression of genes involved in the cell cycle progression from G1 into S phase. The G1/S checkpoint process selectively induces cell cycle arrest in cancer cells with irreparable DNA damages and triggers subsequent apoptosis, while allowing cell division to proceed in cells without or with minor reparable DNA damage. As a result, this agent exerts anti-tumor activity through checkpoint activation independent of p53 mediated tumor suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARQ 171","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E2F1 Pathway Activator ARQ 171","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832018"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529342"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529342"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ARQ_171"}]}}{"C159410":{"preferredName":"EBNA-1 inhibitor VK-2019","code":"C159410","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, EBNA-1 inhibitor VK-2019 binds to EBNA-1 and inhibits EBNA-1 DNA binding activity. This disrupts the replication, maintenance and segregation of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome, which may lead to tumor cell death in EBV-associated malignancies. EBNA1, a sequence-specific DNA binding protein, plays an important role in EBV episomal genome maintenance and gene transactivation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EBNA-1 inhibitor VK-2019","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EBNA-1 inhibitor VK-2019","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Nuclear Antigen 1 Inhibitor VK-2019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VK 2019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VK-2019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VK2019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797645"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797645"}]}}{"C133819":{"preferredName":"EED Inhibitor MAK683","code":"C133819","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of embryonic ectoderm development protein (EED) and allosteric inhibitor of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MAK683 selectively binds to the domain of EED that interacts with trimethylated lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3), which leads to a conformational change in the EED H3K27me3-binding pocket and prevents the interaction of EED with the histone methyltransferase enhancer zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). Disruption of the EED-EZH2 protein-protein interaction (PPI) results in a loss of H3K27me3-stimulated PRC2 activity and prevents H3K27 trimethylation. This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased tumor cell proliferation in EZH2-mutated and PRC2-dependent cancer cells. PRC2, a histone H3 lysine 27 methyltransferase and multi-protein complex comprised of EZH2, EED and suppressor of zeste 12 (SUZ12), plays a key role in gene regulation, especially during embryonic development. EZH2, the catalytic subunit of PRC2, is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells. EED is essential for the histone methyltransferase activity of PRC2 because EED directly binds to H3K27me3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EED Inhibitor MAK683","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EED Inhibitor MAK683","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EED PPI Inhibitor MAK683","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EED Protein-protein Interaction Inhibitor MAK683","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ectodermal Embryonic Development Inhibitor MAK683","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAK 683","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAK683","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521741"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788547"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788547"}]}}{"C123722":{"preferredName":"EGFR Antagonist Hemay022","code":"C123722","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, irreversible inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Hemay022 covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EGFR Antagonist Hemay022","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Inhibitor Hemay022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemay022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053636"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775380"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775380"}]}}{"C156732":{"preferredName":"EGFR Antisense DNA BB-401","code":"C156732","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, plasmid DNA expression vector encoding a 39 nucleotide (nt) short hairpin RNA (shRNA) specific for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral administration, the EGFR antisense DNA BB-401 is taken up by tumor cells and shRNA is transcribed. The shRNA is converted into small interfering RNA (siRNA) via the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. The siRNA targets and binds to EGFR RNA expressed by tumor cells. This blocks EGFR mRNA translation and prevents EGFR protein expression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR ddRNAi BB-401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB 401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB-401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Antisense DNA BB-401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ddRNAi BB-401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935856"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795589"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795589"}]}}{"C118289":{"preferredName":"EGFR Inhibitor AZD3759","code":"C118289","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AZD3759 binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR as well as certain mutant forms of EGFR. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, and may lead to both induction of cell death and inhibition of tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD3759","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Inhibitor AZD3759","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGFR Inhibitor AZD3759","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896908"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764365"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764365"}]}}{"C2539":{"preferredName":"EGFR Inhibitor BIBX 1382","code":"C2539","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that may inhibit tumor cells from multiplying. It is being studied for its ability to treat cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyrimido-pyrimidine with antitumor activity. BIBX 1382 inhibits the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) thus specifically reversing the aberrant enzymatic activity from overexpressed and constitutively activated EGFR, and subsequently inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIBX 1382","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BIBX 1382","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIBX1382","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Inhibitor BIBX 1382","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879286"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43568"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43568"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BIBX_1382"}]}}{"C153427":{"preferredName":"EGFR Inhibitor DBPR112","code":"C153427","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DBPR112 binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR as well certain mutant forms of EGFR, including EGFR L858R and EGFR T790M. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, and may lead to both induction of cell death and inhibition of tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DBPR 112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DBPR-112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DBPR112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Inhibitor DBPR112","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554867"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794067"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794067"}]}}{"C2727":{"preferredName":"EGFR Inhibitor PD-168393","code":"C2727","definitions":[{"description":"A quinazolone compound with anti-tumor activity. PD-168393 is a cell-permeable, irreversible, and selective inhibitor of ligand-dependent epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR). This agent binds to the catalytic domain of EGFR with a 1:1 stoichiometry and inactivates the EGFR tyrosine kinase activity through alkylation of a cystine residue (Cys-773) within the ATP-binding pocket, thereby inhibiting proliferation of EGFR-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[(3-Bromophenyl)amino]-6-Acrylamidoquinazoline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Inhibitor PD-168393","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 168 393","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518781"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H13BrN4O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PD-168393"}]}}{"C154286":{"preferredName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor BPI-7711","code":"C154286","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available third-generation and selective inhibitor of certain epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations, including the resistance mutations T790M and L858R, as well as exon 19 deletion, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the EGFR mutant-specific inhibitor BPI-7711 specifically and covalently binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutations, with particularly high selectivity against the T790M mutation, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, BPI-7711 may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance. This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type EGFR (wt EGFR), and does not cause dose-limiting toxicities that occur during the use of non-selective EGFR inhibitors, which also inhibit wt EGFR. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BPI 7711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI-7711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI7711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor BPI-7711","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555283"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794290"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794290"}]}}{"C132023":{"preferredName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor CK-101","code":"C132023","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available third-generation and selective inhibitor of certain epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations, including the resistance mutation T790M, and the L858R and del 19 mutations, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the EGFR mutant-specific inhibitor CK-101 specifically and covalently binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutations, with particularly high selectivity against the T790M mutation, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, CK-101 may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance. This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type EGFR (WT EGFR), and does not cause dose-limiting toxicities that occur during the use of non-selective EGFR inhibitors, which also inhibit WT EGFR. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CK 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CK-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CK101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor CK-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor CK-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RX-518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521020"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786517"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786517"}]}}{"C156773":{"preferredName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor D-0316","code":"C156773","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the EGFR mutant-specific inhibitor D-0316 specifically binds to and inhibits EGFR T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, D-0316 may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D 0316","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-0316","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D0316","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor D-0316","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935820"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795785"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795785"}]}}{"C153173":{"preferredName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor ZN-e4","code":"C153173","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of certain epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations, including the resistance mutation T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the EGFR mutant-specific inhibitor ZN-e4 specifically binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutations, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. Compared to other EGFR inhibitors, ZN-e4 may offer therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance and may limit toxicities associated with non-selective EGFR inhibitors. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor ZN-e4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor ZN-e4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZN e4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZN-e4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZNe4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554308"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793946"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793946"}]}}{"C131909":{"preferredName":"EGFR T790M Antagonist BPI-15086","code":"C131909","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR T790M antagonist BPI-15086 specifically binds to and inhibits EGFR T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BPI 15086","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI-15086","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI15086","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR T790M Antagonist BPI-15086","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR T790M Inhibitor BPI-15086","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520366"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786371"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786371"}]}}{"C133691":{"preferredName":"EGFR T790M Inhibitor HS-10296","code":"C133691","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, HS-10296 binds to and inhibits EGFR T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR T790M, prevents EGFR T790M-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EGFR T790M Inhibitor HS-10296","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGFR T790M Inhibitor HS-10296","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HS-10296","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521177"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788548"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788548"}]}}{"C131492":{"preferredName":"EGFR/FLT3/Abl Inhibitor SKLB1028","code":"C131492","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, STK1, CD135 or FLK2), and the non-receptor tyrosine kinase ABL (Abl), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the EGFR/FLT3/Abl inhibitor SKLB1028 specifically binds to and inhibits EGFR, FLT3 and Abl, which interferes with the activation of EGFR-, FLT3- and Abl-mediated signal transduction pathways and reduces cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress EGFR, FLT3 and/or Abl. EGFR, EGFR and Abl are all overexpressed in a variety of cancers and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-Isopropyl-N2-(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl)-N8-(pyridin-3-yl)-9H-purine-2,8-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9H-Purine-2,8-diamine, 9-(1-Methylethyl)-N2-[4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)phenyl]-N8-3-pyridinyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR/FLT3/Abl Inhibitor SKLB1028","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor SKLB1028","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKLB 1028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKLB-1028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKLB1028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3501119"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1350544-93-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785726"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785726"}]}}{"C1871":{"preferredName":"EGFR/HER1/HER2 Inhibitor PKI166","code":"C1871","definitions":[{"description":"A pyrrolo-pyrimidine epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein kinase inhibitor with anti-tumor activity. PKI-166 reversibly inhibits HER1 and HER2 tyrosine kinases, belong to the epidermal growth factor receptor family, thereby inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGP 75166","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP 75166/PKI166","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP75166]","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR/HER1/HER2 Inhibitor PKI166","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKI-166","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKI166","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"PKI166","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0915195"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"187724-61-4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PKI166"}]}}{"C126752":{"preferredName":"EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor AP32788","code":"C126752","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of specific mutant forms of both human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR/HER2 inhibitor AP32788 specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits certain mutant forms of EGFR and HER2. This prevents EGFR- and HER2-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant- and HER2 mutant-expressing tumor cells. EGFR and HER2, receptor tyrosine kinases mutated in many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP32788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor AP32788","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor AP32788","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507888"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780088"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780088"}]}}{"C64627":{"preferredName":"EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor AV-412","code":"C64627","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation, orally bioavailable dual kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR/HER2 inhibitor AV-412 binds to and inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumors. This agent may be active against EGFR/HER2-expressing tumor cells that are resistant to first-generation kinase inhibitors. EGFR and HER2 are receptor tyrosine kinases that play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AV-412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor AV-412","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor AV-412","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP-412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831968"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513167"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513167"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AV-412"}]}}{"C90589":{"preferredName":"EGFR/HER2 Kinase Inhibitor TAK-285","code":"C90589","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule and dual kinase inhibitor of human epidermal growth factor receptors 1 (EGFR/ErbB1) and 2 (HER2/ErbB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR/HER2 kinase inhibitor TAK-285 binds to and inhibits EGFR and HER2, which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumors. This agent may be active against EGFR/HER2-expressing tumor cells that are resistant to trastuzumab. EGFR and HER2, receptor tyrosine kinases overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. In addition, TAK-285 appears to pass the blood brain barrier (BBB) and does not appear to be a substrate for efflux pumps.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EGFR/HER2 Kinase Inhibitor TAK-285","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGFR/HER2 Kinase Inhibitor TAK-285","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-285","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983788"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573406"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573406"}]}}{"C26646":{"preferredName":"EGb761","code":"C26646","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the prevention of cognitive dysfunction (slowed ability to think, reason, concentrate, or remember) in patients receiving chemotherapy. It comes from ginkgo biloba leaves.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A standardized ginkgo biloba extract with antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. EGb761 has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of certain tumor cells in vitro. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EGb761","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"EGb761","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGb761","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGb761","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1095795"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257914"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257914"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"EGb761"}]}}{"C150376":{"preferredName":"EP4 Antagonist ONO-4578","code":"C150376","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype 4 (PTGER4; EP4), with potential analgesic, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the EP4 antagonist ONO-4578 selectively targets and binds to EP4, inhibiting the binding of the immunosuppressive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to EP4. This prevents the activation of EP4 and inhibits PGE2-EP4-mediated signaling, thereby inhibiting proliferation of tumor cells in which the PGE2-EP4 signaling pathway is over-activated. In addition, EP4 inhibition prevents the activity of tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by inhibiting interleukin-23 (IL-23) production and the IL-23-mediated expansion of Th17 cells. EP4, a prostanoid receptor, is a G protein-coupled receptor that is expressed in certain types of cancers; it promotes tumor cell proliferation and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-986310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP4 Antagonist ONO-4578","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EP4 Antagonist ONO-4578","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO 4578","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO-4578","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO4578","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PGE2 Receptor Antagonist ONO-4578","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostaglandin E2 Receptor Antagonist ONO-4578","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective PGE2 Receptor 4 Antagonist ONO-4578","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552175"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792745"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792745"}]}}{"C165420":{"preferredName":"ER alpha Proteolysis-targeting Chimera Protein Degrader ARV-471","code":"C165420","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available hetero-bifunctional molecule and selective estrogen receptor (ER) alpha-targeted protein degrader, using the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, with potential antineoplastic activity. ARV-471 is composed of an ER alpha ligand attached to an E3 ligase recognition moiety. Upon oral administration, ARV-471 targets and binds to the ER ligand binding domain on ER alpha. E3 ligase is recruited to the ER by the E3 ligase recognition moiety and ER alpha is tagged by ubiquitin. This causes ubiquitination and degradation of ER alpha by the proteasome. This decreases ER alpha protein levels, decreases the expression of ER alpha-target genes and halts ER-mediated signaling. This results in an inhibition of proliferation in ER alpha-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, the degradation of the ER alpha protein releases the ARV-471 and can bind to additional ER alpha target proteins. ER alpha is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARV 471","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARV-471","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARV471","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ER alpha PROTAC Protein Degrader ARV-471","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ER alpha Proteolysis-targeting Chimera Protein Degrader ARV-471","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ER alpha Proteolysis-targeting Chimera Protein Degrader ARV-471","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estrogen Receptor alpha PROTAC Protein Degrader ARV-471","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROTAC Protein Degrader ARV-471","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799764"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799764"}]}}{"C155785":{"preferredName":"ERK 1/2 Inhibitor ASTX029","code":"C155785","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ASTX029 specifically binds to and inhibits both ERK 1 and 2, thereby preventing the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The MAPK/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASTX 029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASTX-029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASTX029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERK 1/2 Inhibitor ASTX029","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK 1/2 Inhibitor ASTX029","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor ASTX029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 Inhibitor ASTX029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase Inhibitor ASTX029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556263"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794989"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794989"}]}}{"C119747":{"preferredName":"ERK Inhibitor CC-90003","code":"C119747","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CC-90003 inhibits ERK activity, and prevents the activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-90003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor CC-90003","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor CC-90003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896889"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767257"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767257"}]}}{"C107241":{"preferredName":"ERK Inhibitor GDC-0994","code":"C107241","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, GDC-0994 inhibits both ERK phosphorylation and activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This prevents ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor GDC-0994","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor GDC-0994","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0994","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL449495"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750790"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750790"}]}}{"C126687":{"preferredName":"ERK Inhibitor LTT462","code":"C126687","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LTT462 binds to and inhibits ERK, thereby preventing the activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is upregulated in numerous tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor LTT462","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor LTT462","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LTT 462","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LTT462","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507900"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780511"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780511"}]}}{"C104045":{"preferredName":"ERK Inhibitor MK-8353","code":"C104045","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MK-8353 inhibits both ERK phosphorylation and activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways; thereby, preventing ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor MK-8353","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor MK-8353","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8353","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8353-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 900353","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433840"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701114"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701114"}]}}{"C150248":{"preferredName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor ASN007","code":"C150248","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ASN007 specifically binds to and inhibits the serine/threonine-protein kinase activities of both ERK1 and ERK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 substrates and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent proliferation and survival of tumor cells. The MAPK/ERK pathway, also known as the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, is hyperactivated in a variety of tumor cell types due to mutations in upstream targets. It plays a key role in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASN007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor ASN007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor ASN007","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor ASN007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 Inhibitor ASN007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552048"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C141074":{"preferredName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor KO-947","code":"C141074","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, KO-947 specifically binds to and inhibits both ERK 1 and 2, thereby preventing the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The MAPK/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor KO-947","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor KO-947","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor KO-947","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 Inhibitor KO-947","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KO 947","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KO-947","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KO947","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539120"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791296"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791296"}]}}{"C131335":{"preferredName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor LY3214996","code":"C131335","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LY3214996 inhibits both ERK 1 and 2, thereby preventing the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The MAPK/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor LY3214996","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor LY3214996","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3214996","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3214996","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514490"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785705"}]}}{"C95720":{"preferredName":"ERa36 Modulator Icaritin","code":"C95720","definitions":[{"description":"A metabolite of icariin, a principal flavonoid glycoside in Herba Epimedii (a traditional Chinese medicine herb used in treating osteoporosis) with potential antineoplastic activity. ERa36 modulator icaritin selectively binds to a novel variant of estrogen receptor alpha, a36, and mediates a membrane-initiated \"nongenomic\" signaling pathway, which is linked to activate signaling pathways like the MAPK/ERK and the PI3K/Akt pathways. This agent induces cell cycle arrest at G1, or G2/M arrest depending upon the dose. Consistently with G1 arrest, icaritin increases protein expressions of pRb, p27(Kip1) and p16(Ink4a), while decreasing phosphorylated pRb, Cyclin D1 and CDK4. 40% of ER-negative breast cancer tumors express high levels of ERa36, and this subset of patients is less likely to benefit from tamoxifen treatment compared with those with ERa66-positive/ERa36-negative tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERa36 Modulator Icaritin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17382317"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1567768"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"118525-40-9"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694226"}]}}{"C127114":{"preferredName":"Valemetostat","code":"C127114","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferases enhancer of zeste homolog 1 (EZH1) and 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, valemetostat selectively inhibits the activity of both wild-type and mutated forms of EZH1 and EZH2. Inhibition of EZH1/2 specifically prevents the methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways, enhances transcription of certain target genes, and results in decreased proliferation of EZH1/2-expressing cancer cells. EZH1/2, histone lysine methyltransferase (HMT) class enzymes and catalytic subunits of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), are overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, progression, stem cell self-renewal and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS 3201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS 3201b","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-3201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-3201b","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VALEMETOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Valemetostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Valemetostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507903"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1809336-39-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"60RD0234VE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780797"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780797"}]}}{"C121639":{"preferredName":"EZH2 Inhibitor CPI-1205","code":"C121639","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferase EZH2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CPI-1205 selectively inhibits the activity of both wild-type and mutated forms of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased proliferation of EZH2-expressing cancer cells. EZH2, a histone lysine methyltransferase (HMT) class enzyme and the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation; its expression is correlated with tumor initiation, progression, stem cell self-renewal, migration and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPI-1205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EZH2 Inhibitor CPI-1205","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EZH2 Inhibitor CPI-1205","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053654"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770459"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770459"}]}}{"C156743":{"preferredName":"EZH2 Inhibitor PF-06821497","code":"C156743","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferase (HMT) enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EZH2 inhibitor PF-06821497 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased proliferation of EZH2-expressing cancer cells. EZH2, an HMT class enzyme and the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation; its expression is correlated with tumor initiation, progression, stem cell self-renewal, migration and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS-3201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EZH2 Inhibitor PF-06821497","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06821497","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06821497","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF06821497","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935894"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1844849-11-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795703"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795703"}]}}{"C158742":{"preferredName":"EZH2 Inhibitor SHR2554","code":"C158742","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferase (HMT) enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EZH2 inhibitor SHR2554 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased proliferation of EZH2-expressing cancer cells. EZH2, an HMT class enzyme and the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation; its expression is correlated with tumor initiation, progression, stem cell self-renewal, migration and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EZH2 Inhibitor SHR2554","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Inhibitor SHR2554","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 2554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-2554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR2554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797374"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797374"}]}}{"C462":{"preferredName":"Echinomycin","code":"C462","definitions":[{"description":"A polypeptide quinoxaline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces echinatus. Echinomycin intercalates into DNA at two locations simultaneously in a sequence-specific fashion, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRN 0078671","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bis-Quinoline Analogue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Echinomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Echinomycin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Levomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N'-(2,4,12,15,17,25-hexamethyl-11,24-bis(1-methylethyl)-27-(methylthio)-3,6,10,13,16,19,23,26-octaoxo-9,22-dioxa-28-thia-2,5,12,15,18,25-hexaazabicyclo(12.12.3)nonacosane-7,20-diyl)bis(2-quinoxalinecarboxamide)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Quinomycin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SK 302B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"526417"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013508"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"512-64-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39587"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39587"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Echinomycin"}]}}{"C61095":{"preferredName":"Ecromeximab","code":"C61095","definitions":[{"description":"A low-fucose, human-mouse chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity targeting at the ganglioside GD3, a surface antigen expressed on many malignant melanoma cells. Monoclonal antibody KW-2871 binds to GD3-positive cells, thereby initiating antibody-dependent cytotoxicity against GD3-positive cells. This agent is prepared by fusing murine immunoglobulin (Ig) light and heavy variable regions derived from the murine IgG3 antibody KM-641 to a human constant (Fc) region. The low fucose content of the oligosaccharide side chains of this antibody may enhance binding of the antibody Fc region to lymphocyte Fc receptors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody KW-2871","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECROMEXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ecromeximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ecromeximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Gd3 Ganglioside) (Human-Mouse Monoclonal Km871 Gamma-1-Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mouse Monoclonal KM871 Kappa-Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KM871","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW-2871","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody KW-2871","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1669509"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"292819-64-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M76FX2JZRM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467926"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467926"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_KW-2871"}]}}{"C958":{"preferredName":"Edatrexate","code":"C958","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to a family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A polyglutamatable folate antagonist analogue of methotrexate with antineoplastic activity. Edatrexate inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, thereby increasing cellular levels of polyglutamates, inhibiting thymidylate synthase and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyl transferase, impairing synthesis of purine nucleotides and amino acids, and resulting in tumor cell death. Edatrexate may overcome tumor resistance to methotrexate, which loses its activity after it is polyglutamated. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"10-EDAM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"10-EdAM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"10-Ethyl-10-deaza-aminopterin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP-30694","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDAM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDATREXATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Edatrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-[1-[(2, 4-Diamino-6-pteridinyl)-methyl]propyl]benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-[4-[1-[(2,4-Diamino-6-pteridinyl)-methyl]propyl]benzoyl]-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"edatrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"626715"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0044667"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"80576-83-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JT4X6Z1HRR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40887"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40887"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H25N7O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Edatrexate"}]}}{"C956":{"preferredName":"Edelfosine","code":"C956","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic analog of lysophosphatidylcholine, an ether lipid, possessing anti-leishmanial and antineoplastic activity. The mechanism of action for edelfosine has not been fully elucidated. Targeting cellular membranes, edelfosine modulates membrane permeability, membrane lipid composition, and phospholipid metabolism. Edelfosine also inhibits the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)-AKT/PKB survival pathway, possibly activating the pro-apoptotic stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK/JNK) pathways, thereby inducing apoptosis. In addition, this agent inhibits protein kinase C, intracellular activation of the Fas/CD95 receptor, and intracellular acidification. Anti-leishmanial activity may be due to inhibition of a glycosomal alkyl-specific-acylCoA acyltransferase. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-O-Octadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Octadecyl-2-methoxy-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"EDELFOSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ET-18-OCH3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Edelfosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Edelfosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Edelfosinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Et-18-OCH3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"324368"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0044549"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"70641-51-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1Y6SNA8L5S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41814"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41814"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H58NO6P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Edelfosine"}]}}{"C2665":{"preferredName":"Edotecarin","code":"C2665","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of topoisomerase I inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic indolocarbazole with antineoplastic activity. Edotecarin inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase I through stabilization of the DNA-enzyme complex and enhanced single-strand DNA cleavage, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and decreased tumor cell proliferation. 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Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A murine monoclonal IgG2a antibody to tumor-associated epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM, or 17-1A) antigen. Edrecolomab attaches to EpCAM, a human cell surface glycoprotein that is found on normal epithelial cells and some tumor cells, such as those of colon and breast carcinomas. Upon binding, this agent recruits the body's immune effector cells, which may exhibit antitumor cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EDRECOLOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Edrecolomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Edrecolomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G2A (Mouse Monoclonal 17-1A Gamma-Chain Anti-Human Colon Cancer Tumor-Associated Antigen), Disulfide With Mouse Monoclonal 17-1A Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOAB 17-1A","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 17-1A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panorex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"edrecolomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"377963"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279218"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"156586-89-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0KYI9U9FSJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39352"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39352"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Edrecolomab"}]}}{"C83819":{"preferredName":"Efatutazone","code":"C83819","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable thiazolidinedione and an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) with potential antineoplastic activity. Efatutazone binds to and activates PPAR-gamma thus inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis, leading to a reduction in cellular proliferation. PPAR-gamma is a nuclear hormone receptor and a ligand-activated transcription factor that controls the expression of genes involved in macromolecule metabolism and cell differentiation, specifically adipocyte differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Thiazolidinedione, 5-((4-((6-(4-Amino-3,5-Dimethylphenoxy)-1-Methyl-1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl)Methoxy)Phenyl)Methyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EFATUTAZONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Efatutazone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inolitazone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rac-5-((4-((6-(4-Amino-3,5-Dimethylphenoxy)-1-Methyl-1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl)Methoxy)Phenyl)Methyl)-1,3-Thiazolidine-2,4-Dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827204"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"223132-37-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M17ILL71MC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H26N4O4S"}]}}{"C64764":{"preferredName":"Efatutazone Dihydrochloride","code":"C64764","definitions":[{"description":"The dihydrochloride salt of efatutazone, an orally bioavailable agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) with potential antineoplastic activity. Efatutazone binds to and activates PPAR-gamma, a nuclear hormone receptor and a ligand-activated transcription factor controling gene expression involved in macromolecule metabolism and cell differentiation, specifically adipocyte differentiation. Mediated through activation of PPAR-gamma, this agent is capable of inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis, thereby leading to a reduction in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-thiazolidinedione, 5-((4-((6-(4-amino-3,5-dimethylphenoxy)-1-methyl-1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)methoxy)phenyl)methyl)-, Hydrochloride (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-7017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EFATUTAZONE DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Efatutazone Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Efatutazone Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inolitazone Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1721778"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"223132-38-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"76B44WEA8O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529846"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529846"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H26N4O4S.2ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CS-7017"}]}}{"C118282":{"preferredName":"Efizonerimod","code":"C118282","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic monoclonal antibody against receptor OX40 (CD134), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, efizonerimod selectively binds to and activates the OX40 receptor, by mimicking the action of endogenous OX40 ligand (OX40L). OX40 receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response against the TAA-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EFIZONERIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Efizonerimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Efizonerimod Alfa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4 (10-proline) (Human Heavy Chain Fc Fragment) Fusion Protein with Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-associated Factor TRAF2 (Human C-C Domain Fragment) Fusion Protein with CD252 Antigen (Human Extracellular Domain Fragment), Hexamer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI6383","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474134"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1635395-27-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1MH7C2X8KE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764233"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764233"}]}}{"C226":{"preferredName":"Eflornithine","code":"C226","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the prevention of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antiprotozoals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A difluoromethylated ornithine compound with antineoplastic activity. Eflornithine irreversibly inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, an enzyme required for polyamine biosynthesis, thereby inhibiting the formation and proliferation of tumor cells. Polyamines are involved in nucleosome oligomerization and DNA conformation, creating a chromatin environment that stimulates neoplastic transformation of cells. This agent has been shown to induce apoptosis in leiomyoma cells. 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Eflornithine irreversibly inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, an enzyme required for polyamine biosynthesis, thereby inhibiting the formation and proliferation of tumor cells. Polyamines are involved in nucleosome oligomerization and DNA conformation, creating a chromatin environment that stimulates neoplastic transformation of cells. 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Upon administration, alone or in combination with tumor antigens, eftilagimod alpha binds with high affinity to MHC class II molecules expressed by dendritic cells (DC), potentially resulting in DC maturation, DC migration to lymph nodes, enhanced DC cross-presentation of antigens to T cells, and antitumor cytotoxic T cell responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EFTILAGIMOD ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eftilagimod Alpha","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eftilagimod Alpha","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMP321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immufact","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1739076"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1800476-36-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SJ82PK3HWA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496939"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496939"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"IMP321"}]}}{"C90557":{"preferredName":"Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor 4SC-205","code":"C90557","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of the human kinesin-related motor protein Eg5 with potential antineoplastic activity. Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein inhibitor 4SC-205 selectively inhibits the activity of Eg5, which may result in mitotic disruption, apoptosis and cell death. The ATP-dependent Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein (also known as KIF11 or kinesin spindle protein-5) is a plus-end directed kinesin motor protein essential for the regulation of spindle dynamics, including assembly and maintenance, during mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4SC 205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SC-205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SC205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eg5 Kinesin Inhibitor 4SC-205","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor 4SC-205","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416241"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666188"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666188"}]}}{"C82694":{"preferredName":"Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor ARQ 621","code":"C82694","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of the kinesin-related motor protein Eg5 with potential antineoplastic activity. Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein inhibitor ARQ 621 selectively inhibits the activity of Eg5, which may result in mitotic disruption, apoptosis and cell death. The ATP-dependent Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein (also known as KIF11 or kinesin spindle protein-5) is a plus-end directed kinesin motor protein involved in the regulation of spindle dynamics, including assembly and maintenance, during mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARQ 621","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor ARQ 621","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eg5 inhibitor ARQ 621","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388484"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"634612"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"634612"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Eg5_Kinesin-Related_Motor_Protein_Inhibitor_ARQ_621"}]}}{"C67080":{"preferredName":"Eicosapentaenoic Acid","code":"C67080","definitions":[{"description":"A class of polyunsaturated fatty acids with 20 carbons and 5 double bonds.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"An essential, polyunsaturated, 20-carbon omega-3 fatty acid with anti-inflammatory and potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) may activate caspase 3, resulting in apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations. In addition, this agent may inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), resulting in inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and prostaglandin-mediated inflammatory processes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"All cis-5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Eicosapentaenoic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eicosapentaenoic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Eicosapentaenoic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fatty Acid 20:5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"IPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Icosapentaenoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Icosapentaenoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Timnodonic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0000545"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"25378-27-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537376"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537376"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H30O2"},{"name":"INFOODS","value":"F20D5"},{"name":"Unit","value":"g"},{"name":"Essential_Fatty_Acid","value":"Y"},{"name":"Nutrient","value":"Y"},{"name":"Macronutrient","value":"Y"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Eicosapentaenoic_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:36006"}]}}{"C120211":{"preferredName":"Elacestrant","code":"C120211","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) and selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), with potential antineoplastic and estrogen-like activities. Upon oral administration of higher doses of elacestrant, this agent acts as a SERD, which binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in the degradation of the receptor. This may inhibit the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. At lower doses of this agent, RAD1901 acts as a SERM and has estrogen-like effects in certain tissues, which can both reduce hot flashes and protect against bone loss. In addition, elacestrant is able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6R)-6-(2-(Ethyl((4-(2- (ethylamino)ethyl)phenyl)methyl)amino)-4-methoxyphenyl)- 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-ol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELACESTRANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ER-306323","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elacestrant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elacestrant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAD1901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD/SERM RAD1901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896781"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"722533-56-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FM6A2627A8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768338"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768338"}]}}{"C53401":{"preferredName":"Elacytarabine","code":"C53401","definitions":[{"description":"The lipophilic 5'-elaidic acid ester of the deoxycytidine analog cytosine arabinoside (cytarabine; Ara-C) with potential antineoplastic activity. As a prodrug, elacytarabine is converted intracellularly into cytarabine triphosphate by deoxycytidine kinase and subsequently competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Compared to cytarabine, elacytarabine shows increased cellular uptake and retention, resulting in increased activation by deoxycytidine kinase to cytarabine triphosphate, decreased deamination and deactivation by deoxycytidine deaminase, and increased inhibition of DNA synthesis. This agent also inhibits RNA synthesis, an effect not seen with cytarabine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-amino-1-[5-O-[(9E)-octadec-9-enoyl]-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-4055","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELACYTARABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elacyt","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elacytarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elacytarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707141"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"675837-43-1"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"188181-42-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TA7WJG93AR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"463939"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"463939"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H45N3O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CP-4055"}]}}{"C153373":{"preferredName":"Elagolix","code":"C153373","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-620","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanoic Acid, 4-(((1R)-2-(5-(2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-((2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methyl)-3,6-dihydro-4-methyl-2,6-dioxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl)-1-phenylethyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELAGOLIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elagolix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBI 56418","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBI-56418","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orilissa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554529"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"834153-87-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"pain associated with endometriosis in women"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5B2546MB5Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793786"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793786"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Degarelix_Acetate"}]}}{"C159973":{"preferredName":"Elbasvir/Grazoprevir","code":"C159973","definitions":[{"description":"A fixed dose combination of elbasvir, an inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) non-structural protein 5A (NS5A), and grazoprevir, a second-generation inhibitor of the HCV NS3/4A serine protease, with activity against certain HCV genotypes. Upon oral administration of elbasvir/grazoprevir, elbasvir inhibits the activity of the NS5A protein, leading to disruption of the viral RNA replication complex, blockage of HCV RNA production, and inhibition of viral replication. Grazoprevir inhibits the NS3/4A serine protease enzyme, thereby disrupting the cleavage of the virally encoded polyprotein into mature proteins and preventing the formation of the viral replication complex. HCV is a small, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family; HCV infection is associated with the development of certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Elbasvir-Grazoprevir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elbasvir/Grazoprevir","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elbasvir/Grazoprevir","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grazoprevir-Elbasvir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grazoprevir/Elbasvir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8742/ MK-5172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zepatier","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797922"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797922"}]}}{"C75291":{"preferredName":"Elesclomol","code":"C75291","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule bis(thio-hydrazide amide) with oxidative stress induction, pro-apoptotic, and potential antineoplastic activities. Elesclomol induces oxidative stress, creating high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide, in both cancer cells and normal cells. Because tumor cells have elevated levels of ROS compared to normal cells, the increase in oxidative stress beyond baseline levels elevates ROS beyond sustainable levels, exhausting tumor cell antioxidant capacity, which may result in the induction of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Normal cells are spared because the increase in the level of oxidative stress induced by this agent is below the threshold at which apoptosis is induced.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-N'-benzenecarbothioyl-3-(2-benzenecarbothioyl-2-methylhydrazinyl)-N'-methyl- oxopropanehydrazidide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELESCLOMOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elesclomol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elesclomol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanedioic Acid, Bis[2-methyl-2-(phenylthioxomethyl)hydrazide]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2608060"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"488832-69-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6UK191M53P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"377539"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"377539"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H20N4O2S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Elesclomol"}]}}{"C79840":{"preferredName":"Elesclomol Sodium","code":"C79840","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used in the treatment of skin cancer that has spread. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It increases the amount of harmful oxygen molecules in cells and may kill cancer cells. It may also help other drugs kill cancer cells. It is a type of oxidative stress inducer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The water soluble sodium salt of a small-molecule bis(thio-hydrazide amide) with oxidative stress induction, pro-apoptotic, and potential antineoplastic activities. Elesclomol induces oxidative stress, creating high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide, in both cancer cells and normal cells. Because tumor cells have elevated levels of ROS compared to normal cells, the increase in oxidative stress beyond baseline levels elevates ROS beyond sustainable levels, exhausting tumor cell antioxidant capacity, which may result in the induction of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Normal cells are spared because the increase in the level of oxidative stress induced by this agent is below the threshold at which apoptosis is induced.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-N'-benzenecarbothioyl-3-(2-benzenecarbothioyl-2-methylhydrazinyl)-N'-methyl- oxopropanehydrazidide Sodium","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELESCLOMOL SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elesclomol Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elesclomol Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanedioic Acid, Bis[2-methyl-2-(phenylthioxomethyl)hydrazide], Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STA-4783","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"elesclomol sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541326"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L219C7807V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"631615"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"631615"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Elesclomol_Sodium"}]}}{"C101895":{"preferredName":"Elgemtumab","code":"C101895","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor HER3 (ErbB3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Elgemtumab binds to and locks HER3 in the inactive conformation and does not interfere with its interaction with neuregulin (NRG). The inactivated form of HER3 blocks the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting cellular proliferation in HER2 or NRG expressing tumor cells. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in tumors; it has no active kinase domain but is activated through heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family, such as HER2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ELGEMTUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elgemtumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elgemtumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LJM-716","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LJM716","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL436278"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5F1CN52GFM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734177"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734177"}]}}{"C1615":{"preferredName":"Elinafide","code":"C1615","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that kills cancer cells by affecting DNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A symmetrical dimeric bis-naphthalimide compound and a topoisomerase II inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Elinafide contains two neutral chromophores joined by a cationic linker and is capable of bis-intercalation at the TpG and CpA steps of the DNA hexanucleotide. Intercalation inhibits topoisomerase II activity and causing DNA stand breakage, thereby leads to inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ELINAFIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elinafide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LU 79553","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LU 79553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LU-79553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N'-(Trimethylenebis(iminoethylene))dinaphthalimide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1433453"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"162706-37-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HL580335SI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42578"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42578"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H28N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LU_79553"}]}}{"C66949":{"preferredName":"Elisidepsin","code":"C66949","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic cyclic depsipeptide of the kahalalides family with potential antineoplastic activity. PM02734 is a derivative of a natural marine compound extracted from the sacoglossan sea slug, Elysia rufescens. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be elucidated, elisidepsin exhibits anti-proliferative activity in a wide variety of cancer types, such as breast, colon, pancreas, lung, and prostate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Depsipeptide PM02734","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELISIDEPSIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elisidepsin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elisidepsin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Valine, N-((4S)-4-methyl-1-oxohexyl)-D-valyl-L-threonyl-L-valyl-D-valyl-D-prolyl-L-ornithyl-D-alloisoleucyl-D-allothreonyl-D-alloisoleucyl-D-valyl-L-phenylalanyl-(2Z)-2-amino-2-butenoyl-, (13-8)-lactone, 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PM02734","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467776"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915713-02-9"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"681272-30-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0FWR494EC9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530791"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530791"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C57H87N7O15"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Depsipeptide_PM02734"}]}}{"C90495":{"preferredName":"Elliptinium","code":"C90495","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of the alkaloid ellipticine isolated from species of the plant family Apocynaceae, including Bleekeria vitensis, a plant with anti-cancer properties. As a topoisomerase II inhibitor and intercalating agent, elliptinium stabilizes the cleavable complex of topoisomerase II and induces DNA breakages, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-Hydroxy-2,5,11-trimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazolium","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Hydroxy-2-methylellipticinium","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELLIPTINIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elliptinium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-2-Methyl-9-hydroxyellipticinium","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMHE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0115685"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58337-34-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1F1959S062"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H17N2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Elliptinium"}]}}{"C1367":{"preferredName":"Elliptinium Acetate","code":"C1367","definitions":[{"description":"Acetate salt of elliptinium, a derivative of the alkaloid ellipticine isolated from species of the plant family Apocynaceae, including Bleekeria vitensis, a plant with anti-cancer properties. As a topoisomerase II inhibitor and intercalating agent, elliptinium stabilizes the cleavable complex of topoisomerase II and induces DNA breakages, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6H-Pyrido[4, 3-b]carbazolium, 9-hydroxy-2,5,11-trimethyl-acetate (salt)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"9-Hydroxy-2,5,11-trimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazolium Acetate (Salt)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Hydroxy-2-methylellipticinium Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Hydroxy-2-methylellipticinium acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Celiptium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Celiptium","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELLIPTINIUM ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elliptinium Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-2-Methyl-9-hydroxyellipticinium Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"264137"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0100593"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58337-35-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H9B41234P4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39231"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39231"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H17N2O.C2H3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Elliptinium"}]}}{"C73262":{"preferredName":"Elmustine","code":"C73262","definitions":[{"description":"A (2-chloroethy1)nitrosourea derivative related to carmustine, with antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Nitroso-1-chloroethyl-3-hydroxyethylurea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elmustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HeCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxyethyl CNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059035"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"60784-46-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NAT2FD82D7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H10ClN3O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Elmustine"}]}}{"C74090":{"preferredName":"Elpamotide","code":"C74090","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine containing an HLA-A*2402-restricted epitope of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, VEGFR2-169 peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against VEGFR2-expressing tumor cells. VEGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed by a variety of tumor types; overexpression is associated with tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. HLA-A*2402 is an MHC class I molecule that presents antigenic peptides to CD8+ T cells; epitope design restricted to epitopes that bind most efficiently to HLA-A*2402 may improve antigenic peptide immunogenicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ELPAMOTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elpamotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Arginyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-valyl-L-prolyl-L-alpha-aspartylglycyl-L-asparaginyl-L-arginyl-L-isoleucine Human Soluble (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor) VEGFR2-(169-177)-peptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR2-169","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR2-169 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383528"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"673478-49-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S68632MB2G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589327"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589327"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"VEGFR2-169_Peptide_Vaccine"}]}}{"C1080":{"preferredName":"Elsamitrucin","code":"C1080","definitions":[{"description":"An heterocyclic antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Actinomycete strain J907-21. Elsamitrucin intercalates into DNA at guanine-cytosine (G-C)-rich sequences and inhibits topoisomerase I and II, resulting in single-strand breaks and inhibition of DNA replication. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"10-O-Elsaminosylelsarosylchartarin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBM 2478A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMY-28090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRN 5214813","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzo(h)(1)benzopyrano(5,4,3-cde)(1)ebnzopyran-5,12-dione,10((2-O-(2-amino-2,6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl)-6-deoxy-3-C-methyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy)-6-hydroxy-1-methyl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELSAMITRUCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elsamicin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elsamitrucin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elsamitrucina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elsamitrucine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elsamitrucinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059041"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"97068-30-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZTV0FOB6NU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41409"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41409"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H35NO13"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Elsamitrucin"}]}}{"C125193":{"preferredName":"Eltanexor","code":"C125193","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of exportin-1 (XPO1; chromosome region maintenance 1 protein homolog; CRM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, eltanexor binds to the XPO1 cargo binding site, which prevents the XPO1-mediated nuclear export of cargo proteins such as tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs), including p53, p73, BRCA1/2, pRB, FOXO, and other growth regulatory proteins and leads to their selective accumulation in the nuclei of tumor cells. As a selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE), KPT-8602 restores the nuclear localization and function of tumor suppressing proteins which leads to the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. XPO1, the major export factor that transports proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types while minimally expressed in normal, healthy cells. The export of tumor suppressor proteins into the cytoplasm prevents them from initiating apoptosis and leads to uncontrolled tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-3-(3-(3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-(pyrimidin-5-yl)prop-2-enamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELTANEXOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eltanexor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eltanexor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exportin 1 Inhibitor KPT-8602","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KPT-8602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export KPT-8602","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XPO1-inhibiting SINE Compound KPT-8602","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504007"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1642300-52-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q59IQJ9NTK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778691"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778691"}]}}{"C125548":{"preferredName":"Emactuzumab","code":"C125548","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tyrosine kinase receptor colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; CD115), also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, emactuzumab binds to CSF1R expressed on macrophages and inhibits the binding of colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) to CSF1R. This prevents CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling in these cells, which blocks the production of inflammatory mediators by macrophages and reduces inflammation. By blocking both the activity of CSF1R-dependent tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and the recruitment of TAMs to the tumor microenvironment, emactuzumab enhances T-cell infiltration and antitumor T-cell immune responses, which inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. TAMs play key roles in immune suppression and promoting inflammation, tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EMACTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Emactuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Emactuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5509554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5509554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433956"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1448221-67-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6FY6EI1X8R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C127123":{"preferredName":"Emapalumab","code":"C127123","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody against the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma; IFNg), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, emapalumab binds to and neutralizes IFNg. This inhibits IFNg-mediated signaling pathways and suppresses the activation of the immune system. IFNg, a cell-signaling protein, plays a key role in the regulation and activation of the immune system; its upregulation is associated with certain auto-immune and auto-inflammatory diseases in which the immune system is abnormally activated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IFN gamma Monoclonal Antibody NI-0501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-IFNg mAb NI-0501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-interferon gamma Monoclonal Antibody NI-0501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMAPALUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Emapalumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Emapalumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamifant","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NI-0501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507913"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1709815-23-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3S252O2Z4X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780986"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780986"}]}}{"C2195":{"preferredName":"Emepepimut-S","code":"C2195","definitions":[{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated peptide vaccine consisting of a synthetic peptide derived from the mucin 1 (MUC-1) antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, MUC-1 peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against MUC-1-expressing tumor cells, resulting in growth inhibition. MUC-1 antigen is a high-molecular-weight transmembrane glycoprotein that is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of many epithelial tumor cells as well as on the cell surfaces of some B-cell lymphoma cells and multiple myeloma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLP 25","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLP-25","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLP-25 Liposomal Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLP25","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLP25 Liposome Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP1-7-KLH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 531444","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emepepimut-S","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Emepepimut-S","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glycine, L-seryl-L-threonyl-L-alanyl-L-prolyl-L-prolyl-L-alanyl-L-histidylglycyl-L-valyl-L-threonyl-L-seryl-L-alanyl-L-prolyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-threonyl-L-arginyl-L-prolyl-L-alanyl-L-prolylglycyl-L-seryl-L-threonyl-L-alanyl-L-prolyl-L-prolyl-N6-(1-oxohexadecyl)-L-lysyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-BLP25","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stimuvax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tecemotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832016"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529341"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529341"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BLP25"}]}}{"C1022":{"preferredName":"Emitefur","code":"C1022","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally available antimetabolite composed of the 1-ethoxymethyl derivative of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) inhibitor 3-cyano-2,6-dihydroxypyridine (CNDP) in a 1:1 molar ratio, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the prodrug emitefur is converted into 5-FU, while CNDP prevents the degradation of 5-FU by inhibiting DPYD and thereby prolonging the half-life of 5-FU. This increases 5-FU's concentration and thus its antitumor activity through inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis, as well as inhibition of thymidylate synthase activity. In addition, by inhibiting the formation of 5-FU metabolites, some toxic effects associated with these metabolites may be reduced. DPYD is the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of 5-FU.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2) m-[[3-(Ethoxymethyl)-5-fluoro-3,6-dihydro-2,6-dioxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]carbonyl]benzoic Acid, 2-Ester with 2,6-Dihydroxynicotinonitrile Benzoate (Ester)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-((3-(Ethoxymethyl)-5-fluoro-3,6-dihydro-2,6-dioxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl)carbonyl)benzoic acid, 6-(benzoyloxy)-3-cyano-2-pyridinyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-[3-(6-Benzoyloxy-3-cyrano-2-pyridyloxycarbonyl)benzoyl]-1-(ethoxymethyl)-5-fluorouracil","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOF-A2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMITEFUR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Emitefur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Last-F","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[[Ethoxymethyl-5-fluoro-3,6-dihydro-2,6-dioxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]carbonyl]benzoic Acid, 6-(Benzoyloxy)-3-cyano-2-pyridinyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"emitefur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053902"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"110690-43-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9I50NF4AQ2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H19FN4O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Emitefur"}]}}{"C29019":{"preferredName":"Emofolin Sodium","code":"C29019","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of a synthetic antimetabolite analogue of folate with antineoplastic activity. Emfolin sodium competes for the folate binding site of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in inhibition of tetrahydrofolate synthesis, depletion of nucleotide pools, and inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Emofolin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MeTHHF Disodium","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyltetrahydrohomofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"139490"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0098575"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52386-42-2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Emfolin_Sodium"}]}}{"C116074":{"preferredName":"Empesertib","code":"C116074","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the serine/threonine monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, empesertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Mps1. This causes inactivation of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), accelerated mitosis, chromosomal misalignment, chromosomal missegregation, mitotic checkpoint complex destabilization, and increased aneuploidy. This leads to the induction of cell death in cancer cells overexpressing Mps1. Mps1, a kinase expressed in proliferating normal tissues and aberrantly overexpressed in a wide range of human tumors, is activated during mitosis and is essential for SAC functioning and controls chromosome alignment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2R)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-N-(4-(2-((2-methoxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)amino)(1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-a)pyridin-6-yl)phenyl)propanamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY116-1909","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1161909","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMPESERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Empesertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473492"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1443763-60-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"02Y3Z2756M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761238"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761238"}]}}{"C113786":{"preferredName":"Enadenotucirev","code":"C113786","definitions":[{"description":"A complex, replication-selective, E1B and partial E3 gene deleted, adenovirus type 11p (Ad11p)/Ad3 chimeric oncolytic virus with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intralesional injection of enadenotucirev, the adenovirus selectively and rapidly replicates in cancer cells; however, it is unable to replicate in normal, healthy cells. This induces a selective adenovirus-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells, which leads to cancer cell lysis. Following the lysis of infected cells, the replicated virus is released and can infect adjacent cells, which both induces further tumor cell oncolysis and may activate the immune system to kill the infected tumor cells. The E1B protein causes p53 inactivation in host cells, which promotes viral replication. Deletion of E1B prevents replication in normal, healthy cells that express wild-type p53. The mutation and subsequent inactivation of p53 in cancer cells enables the E1B-deleted adenovirus to selectively replicate in cancer cells. Partial deletion of the E3 gene, which encodes the adenovirus death protein, enhances the safety profile of the administered adenovirus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chimeric Oncolytic Adenovirus Ad3/Ad11p Containing Two Deletions in the Viral Genome in the E3 Region (2444 bp) and in the E4 Region (24 bp) and 197 Non-homologous Nucleotides in the E2B Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ColoAd-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ColoAd1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ColoAd1 Oncolytic Virus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENADENOTUCIREV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"EnAd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enadenotucirev","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enadenotucirev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471767"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1402042-02-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KX7ZYR6OQW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757141"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757141"}]}}{"C159599":{"preferredName":"Enadenotucirev-expressing Anti-CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody NG-350A","code":"C159599","definitions":[{"description":"An oncolytic adenoviral vector, enadenotucirev (EnAd), that expresses a full-length agonistic anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration of NG-350A, enadenotucirev specifically infects and replicates in tumor cells and not in normal, noncancerous tissue, and selectively expresses the agonistic anti-CD40 antibody. The locally expressed anti-CD40 antibody targets and binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cells, including B-cells, T-cells and dendritic cells (DCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, which activates these immune cells and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated antitumor immune response and leads to tumor cell death. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on various immune cells and plays a key role in the activation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enadenotucirev-expressing Anti-CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody NG-350A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enadenotucirev-expressing Anti-CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody NG-350A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG 350A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG-350A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG350A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenoviral Vector Expressing Anti-CD40 Antibody NG-350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenoviral Vector-expressing Anti-CD40 Agonistic Antibody NG-350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797804"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797804"}]}}{"C111573":{"preferredName":"Enasidenib","code":"C111573","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of specific mutant forms of the mitochondrial enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase type 2 (IDH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, enasidenib specifically inhibits various mutant forms of IDH2, including the IDH2 variants R140Q, R172S, and R172K, which inhibits the formation of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). This may lead to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in IDH2-expressing tumor cells. IDH2, an enzyme in the citric acid cycle, is mutated in a variety of cancers; it initiates and drives cancer growth by blocking differentiation and the production of the oncometabolite 2HG.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG-221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-90007 Free Base","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENASIDENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enasidenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enasidenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827168"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1446502-11-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3T1SS4E7AG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C137825":{"preferredName":"Enasidenib Mesylate","code":"C137825","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt form of enasidenib, an orally available inhibitor of specific mutant forms of the mitochondrial enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase type 2 (IDH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, enasidenib specifically inhibits various mutant forms of IDH2, including the IDH2 variants R140Q, R172S, and R172K, which inhibits the formation of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). This may lead to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in IDH2-expressing tumor cells. IDH2, an enzyme in the citric acid cycle, is mutated in a variety of cancers; it initiates and drives cancer growth by blocking differentiation and the production of the oncometabolite 2HG.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methyl-1-[(4-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]-6-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl]amino}-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]propan-2-ol Methanesulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Propanol, 2-Methyl-1-((4-(6-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl)-6-((2-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyridinyl)amino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino)-, Methanesulfonate (1:1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG-221 Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-90007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENASIDENIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enasidenib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enasidenib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enasidenib Methanesulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idhifa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524900"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1650550-25-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia with an isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 (IDH2) mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UF6PC17XAV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752247"}]}}{"C80045":{"preferredName":"Enavatuzumab","code":"C80045","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis receptor (TWEAKR) with potential antineoplastic, immunomodulating and antiangiogenic activities. Enavatuzumab binds to TWEAKR and inhibits TWEAK ligand binding and activation of NF-kappaB-mediated cytokine release, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis. TWEAKR is a cell-surface receptor with homology to tumor necrosis factor receptors. Upon binding with its ligand, TWEAKR has been shown to stimulate cytokine release and cell proliferation, migration, and survival; it may also promote apoptosis under some conditions. This receptor may be overexpressed in a variety of tumors including those of the pancreas, colon, lung, kidney, and breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor-like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis Monoclonal Antibody PDL192","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENAVATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enavatuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enavatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDL 192","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698154"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1062149-33-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"914910XFBB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613893"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613893"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-TWEAKR_Monoclonal_Antibody_PDL192"}]}}{"C28211":{"preferredName":"Enclomiphene","code":"C28211","definitions":[{"description":"The trans-isomer of clomiphene citrate (CC). Enclomiphene has a higher rate of clearance and is less active than the cis-isomer, cis-clomiphene. Clomiphene citrate has been evaluated for antineoplastic activity against breast cancer. 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As a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), enclomiphene binds to hypothalamic estrogen receptors, blocking the negative feedback of endogenous estrogens and stimulating the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus; released GnRH subsequently stimulates the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary, resulting in ovulation. In addition, this agent may bind to estrogen receptors on breast cancer cells, resulting in the inhibition of estrogen-stimulated proliferation in susceptible cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENCLOMIPHENE CITRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enclomiphene Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0086214"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7599-79-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J303A6U9Y6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39307"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39307"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H28ClNO.C6H8O7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Enclomiphene_Citrate"}]}}{"C98283":{"preferredName":"Encorafenib","code":"C98283","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available Raf kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Encorafenib specifically inhibits Raf kinase, a serine/threonine enzyme in the RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. By inhibiting the activation of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, the administration of LGX818 may result in a decrease in proliferation of tumor cells. The Raf mutation BRAF V600E is frequently upregulated in a variety of human tumors and results in the constitutive activation of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cellular proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Braftovi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENCORAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Encorafenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Encorafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGX 818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGX-818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGX818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4079208"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1269440-17-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"in combination with binimetinib, for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma with a BRAF V600E or V600K mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8L7891MRB6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712549"}]}}{"C26678":{"preferredName":"Endothelin Receptor Type A Antagonist YM598","code":"C26678","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for advanced prostate cancer and for pain caused by prostate cancer that has spread to the bone. It belongs to the family of drugs called endothelin ETA receptor antagonists.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active synthetic substituted phenylethenesulfonamide. As a selective endothelin A receptor antagonist, YM598 inhibits endothelin-mediated mechanisms involved in tumor cell growth and progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis. 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The monoclonal antibody moiety of enfortumab vedotin selectively binds to nectin-4. After internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and induces apoptosis in nectin-4 overexpressing tumor cells. Nectin-4, a tumor associated antigen belonging to the nectin family, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including breast, bladder, lung and pancreatic cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS 22ME","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASG-22CE","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Nectin 4 ADC ASG-22CE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENFORTUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enfortumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enfortumab Vedotin-ejfv","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Padcev","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472325"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1346452-25-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DLE8519RWM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759429"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759429"}]}}{"C162248":{"preferredName":"Engineered Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells AB-205","code":"C162248","definitions":[{"description":"A population of ex vivo expanded, genetically engineered CD31 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule; PECAM-1)-positive human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) derived from human umbilical vein tissue, that can be used to enhance the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) transplantation potential and improve blood cell recovery. Following autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and upon the administration of the engineered HUVEC AB-205, the endothelial cells secrete angiocrine growth factors and interact with the HSPCs, thereby forming endothelial cell network structures and improving engraftment potential. AB-205 also interacts with injured or damaged vascular niche cells, thereby promoting blood cell recovery and improving tissue regeneration. This enhances recovery from toxicities related to chemo/radiation regimens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB 205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-205 Cell Product","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Engineered HUVEC AB-205","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Engineered Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells AB-205","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Engineered Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells AB-205","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798637"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798637"}]}}{"C162649":{"preferredName":"Engineered Toxin Body Targeting HER2 MT-5111","code":"C162649","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered toxin body (ETB) composed of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) from an antibody targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; HER-2), fused to the enzymatically active de-immunized, ribosome-inactivating cytotoxic payload Shiga-like toxin-A subunit (SLTA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the scFv moiety of MT-5111 specifically targets and binds to a distinct epitope on HER2-expressing cells. Upon internalization, the SLTA moiety is released and acts as an N-glycosidase, which binds to and cleaves an adenine nucleobase in the 28S RNA component of the 60S subunit of ribosomes and prevents ribosome activity. This inhibits protein synthesis and leads to apoptosis in HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETB Targeting HER2 MT-5111","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Engineered Toxin Body Targeting HER2 MT-5111","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Engineered Toxin Body Targeting HER2 MT-5111","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2-targeted ETB MT-5111","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin MT-5111","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT 5111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT-5111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT5111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Fusion Protein MT-5111","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Targeted Engineered Toxin Body MT-5111","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798930"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798930"}]}}{"C11252":{"preferredName":"Eniluracil/5-FU Combination Tablet","code":"C11252","definitions":[{"description":"A combination tablet of ethynyluracil and fluorouracil. Fluorouracil is an antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the nucleoside pyrimidine with antineoplastic activity. Ethynyluracil is an orally-active fluoropyrimidine analog that inhibits dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, the rate-limiting enzyme that catabolizes and inactivates 5-fluorouracil in the liver. This may lead to an increase in the bioavailability and, effectiveness of fluorouracil.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"776C85/5-FU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eniluracil/5-FU Combination Tablet","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethynyluracil/Fluorouracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW776/5-FU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW776/5-Fluorouracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"710026"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0393027"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42618"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42618"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ethynyluracil_Fluorouracil"}]}}{"C95323":{"preferredName":"Enloplatin","code":"C95323","definitions":[{"description":"A platinum-based alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity. Although its pharmacokinetic properties are similar to that of carboplatin, enloplatin appears to be non-cross resistant with other platinum-based agents, such as cisplatin and carboplatin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CL 287,110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL-287110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-(1,1-Cyclobutanedicarboxylato)(Tetrahydro-4H-Pyran-4,4-Bis(Methylamine))Platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENLOPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enloplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum, (1,1-Cyclobutanedicarboxylato(2-))(Tetrahydro-4h-Pyran-4,4-Dimethanamine-N,N')-, (Sp-4-2)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0165431"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"111523-41-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C7HT2IO79H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H16N2O.C6H6O4.Pt"}]}}{"C97510":{"preferredName":"Enoblituzumab","code":"C97510","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-domain optimized, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against cancer stem cells (CSCs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After binding of enoblituzumab to an as of yet not elucidated target expressed on CSCs and differentiated tumor cells, this agent may induce an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CSCs. CSCs are tumor initiating cells that are able to self-renew and are responsible for tumor cell growth and resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENOBLITUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enoblituzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enoblituzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGA271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430254"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M6030H73N9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703720"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703720"}]}}{"C69161":{"preferredName":"Enobosarm","code":"C69161","definitions":[{"description":"A non-steroidal agent with anabolic activity. Selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) GTx-024 is designed to work like testosterone, thus promoting and/or maintaining libido, fertility, prostate growth, and muscle growth and strength. Mimicking testosterone's action, this agent may increase lean body mass, thereby ameliorating muscle wasting in the hypermetabolic state of cancer cachexia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENOBOSARM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enobosarm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enobosarm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gtx-024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ostarine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanamide, 3-(4-cyanophenoxy)-N-(4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-, (2S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742262"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"841205-47-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O3571H3R8N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551564"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551564"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Selective_Androgen_Receptor_Modulator_Gtx-024"}]}}{"C82367":{"preferredName":"Enoticumab","code":"C82367","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against Delta-like ligand-4 (DLL4) with potential antineoplastic activity. Enoticumab specifically binds to human DLL4, preventing its binding to Notch receptors and inhibiting Notch signaling, which may result in defective tumor vascularization and, so, the inhibition of tumor cell growth. DLL4 is the only Notch ligand selectively expressed on endothelial cells; DLL4/Notch signaling is required for the development of functional tumor blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Delta-Like 4 Monoclonal Antibody REGN421","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENOTICUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enoticumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enoticumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN421","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR153192","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830058"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1192578-27-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B59DCD0F7D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640973"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640973"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-Dll4_Monoclonal_Antibody_REGN421"}]}}{"C83689":{"preferredName":"Enpromate","code":"C83689","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic acetylenic carbamate, an alkylating agent, with antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-Diphenyl-2-propynyl-N-cyclohexylcarbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetylenic Carbamate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENPROMATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enpromate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lilly 59156","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"112682"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0050514"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10087-89-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HBS2850E4H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H23NO2"}]}}{"C102754":{"preferredName":"Ensartinib","code":"C102754","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ensartinib binds to and inhibits ALK kinase, ALK fusion proteins and ALK point mutation variants. Inhibition of ALK leads to the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-expressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK is not expressed in healthy adult human tissue but ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors; ALK mutations are associated with acquired resistance to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Amino-5-[(1R)-1-(2,6-dichloro-3-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]- N-{4-[(3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazine- 1-carbonyl]phenyl}pyridazine-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENSARTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ensartinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ensartinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X-396","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437011"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1370651-20-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SMA5ZS5B22"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735953"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735953"}]}}{"C90532":{"preferredName":"Ensituximab","code":"C90532","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric monoclonal antibody against human colorectal and pancreatic carcinoma-associated antigens (CPAAs) with potential immunomodulating and anti-tumor activities. Anti-CPAA monoclonal antibody NPC-1C binds to CPAAs, which may activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response and an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against CPAA-expressing tumor cells. CPAAs, cell surface proteins, are upregulated on colon and pancreatic tumor cells. NPC-1C contains the variable region of the heavy and light chain of murine NPC-1 and linked in-frame to constant regions of a human IgG1 isotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CPAA Monoclonal Antibody NPC-1C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Colorectal and Pancreatic Carcinoma-Associated Antigen Monoclonal Antibody NPC-1C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENSITUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ensituximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ensituximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPC-1C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413613"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1092658-06-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F988K568V2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663436"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663436"}]}}{"C82660":{"preferredName":"Enteric-Coated TRPM8 Agonist D-3263 Hydrochloride","code":"C82660","definitions":[{"description":"An enteric-coated orally bioavailable formulation of the hydrochloride salt of a small-molecule agonist for transient receptor potential melastatin member 8 (TRPM8 or Trp-p8) with potential antineoplastic activity. The active ingredient in enteric-coated TRPM8 agonist D-3263 hydrochloride binds to and activates TRPM8, which may result in an increase in calcium and sodium entry; the disruption of calcium and sodium homeostasis; and the induction of cell death in TRPM8-expressing tumor cells. This agent may decrease dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels, which may contribute to its inhibitory effects on prostate cancer and BPH. TRPM8 is a transmembrane calcium channel protein that is normally expressed in prostate cells and appears to be overexpressed in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and in prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EC D-3263 HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enteric-Coated TRPM8 Agonist D-3263 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL411370"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636649"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636649"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Enteric-Coated_TRPM8_Agonist_D-3263_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C160293":{"preferredName":"Enterococcus gallinarum Strain MRx0518","code":"C160293","definitions":[{"description":"A live strain of the flagellin-producing Gram-positive bacterium Enterococcus (E.) gallinarum that is isolated from a healthy human gut , with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, MRx0518 modulates the intestinal microbiota and targets both intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), and various immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) and is able to induce the production of both pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-23, in these cells and activates the innate immune system. The flagellin produced by MRx0518 interacts with and activates toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5), thereby activating the adaptive immune system and modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). This activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E. gallinarum MRx0518","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enterococcus gallinarum Strain MRx0518","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enterococcus gallinarum Strain MRx0518","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gut Microbiota-derived Strain MRx0518","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRx 0518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRx-0518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRx0518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798317"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798317"}]}}{"C1863":{"preferredName":"Entinostat","code":"C1863","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It blocks enzymes needed for cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic benzamide derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Entinostat binds to and inhibits histone deacetylase, an enzyme that regulates chromatin structure and gene transcription. This agent appears to exert dose-dependent effects in human leukemia cells including cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21/CIP1/WAF1)-dependent growth arrest and differentiation at low drug concentrations; a marked induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS); mitochondrial damage; caspase activation; and, at higher concentrations, apoptosis. In normal cells, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A expression has been associated with cell-cycle exit and differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carbamic Acid, N-[[4-[[(2-aminophenyl)amino]carbonyl]phenyl]methyl]-, 3- pyridinylmethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbamic acid, [[4-[[(2-aminophenyl)amino]carbonyl]phenyl] methyl]-, 3-pyridinylmethyl ester (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENTINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Entinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Entinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC inhibitor SNDX-275","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MS 27-275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MS-275","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"MS-275","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MS-275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-Aminophenyl)-4-[N-(pyridin-3-yl-methoxycarbonyl)aminomethyl]b enzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNDX-275","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SNDX-275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"entinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"706995"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4048552"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"209783-80-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1ZNY4FKK9H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38294"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38294"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H20N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MS-27-275"}]}}{"C99166":{"preferredName":"Entolimod","code":"C99166","definitions":[{"description":"A polypeptide derived from the Salmonella filament protein flagellin with potential radioprotective and anticancer activities. As a toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) agonist, entolimod binds to and activates TLR5 thereby stimulating tumor necrosis factor production and activating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB). This induces NF-kB-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits the induction of apoptosis. This may prevent apoptosis in normal, healthy cells during radiotherapy of cancerous cells and may allow for increased doses of ionizing radiation. In addition, entolimod may inhibit radiation-independent proliferation in TLR5-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CBLB502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENTOLIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Entolimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Entolimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR5 Agonist CBLB502","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2353146"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"951628-22-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R1UQ6D1ECM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717513"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717513"}]}}{"C105402":{"preferredName":"Entospletinib","code":"C105402","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of entospletinib, this agent may inhibit the activity of Syk, which inhibits B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell activation, migration, adhesion and proliferation. Syk, a non-receptor cytoplasmic, BCR-associated tyrosine kinase, is expressed in hematopoietic tissues and is often overexpressed in hematopoeitic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-(1H-Indazol-6-yl)-N-(4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl)imidazo(1,2-a)pyrazin-8-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENTO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENTOSPLETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Entospletinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Entospletinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS 9973","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-9973","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imidazo(1,2-a)pyrazin-8-amine, 6-(1H-indazol-6-yl)-N-(4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3642151"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1229208-44-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6I3O3W6O3B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746910"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746910"}]}}{"C114984":{"preferredName":"Entrectinib","code":"C114984","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the tyrosine kinases tropomyosin receptor kinases (Trk) A, B and C, C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, entrectinib binds to and inhibits TrkA, TrkB, TrkC, ROS1 and ALK. Inhibition of these kinases may result in a disruption of TrkA-, TrkB-, TrkC-, ROS1-, and ALK-mediated signaling. This leads to an induction of apoptosis and an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in tumor cells that express these kinases. TrkA, TrkB, TrkC, ROS1 and ALK are overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENTRECTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Entrectinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5-(3,5-Difluorobenzyl)-1H-indazol-3-yl)-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1yl)-2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ylamino)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rozlytrek","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896774"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1108743-60-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L5ORF0AN1I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759586"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759586"}]}}{"C129714":{"preferredName":"Envafolimab","code":"C129714","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable formulation of a monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, envafolimab binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1), which may enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response to neoplasms and reverse T-cell inactivation. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8+ T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 MoAb KN035","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENVAFOLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Envafolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN 035","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN035","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512904"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ES1M06M6QH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784496"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784496"}]}}{"C71744":{"preferredName":"Enzalutamide","code":"C71744","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, organic, non-steroidal small molecule targeting the androgen receptor (AR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Through a mechanism that is reported to be different from other approved AR antagonists, enzalutamide inhibits the activity of prostate cancer cell ARs, which may result in a reduction in prostate cancer cell proliferation and, correspondingly, a reduction in the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level. AR over-expression in prostate cancer represents a key mechanism associated with prostate cancer hormone resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP9785","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, 4-(3-(4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5,5-dimethyl-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1-imidazolidinyl)-2-fluoro-N-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENZALUTAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enzalutamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enzalutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDV3100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xtandi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348174"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915087-33-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"93T0T9GKNU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560774"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560774"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H16F4N4O2S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Selective_Androgen_Receptor_Modulator_MDV3100"}]}}{"C77392":{"preferredName":"Enzastaurin","code":"C77392","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of certain types of cancer, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma, breast, colon, lung, ovarian, and prostate. Enzastaurin blocks certain cell signaling pathways, and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of serine threonine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENZASTAURIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enzastaurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"enzastaurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327830"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"170364-57-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UC96G28EQF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H29N5O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Enzastaurin"}]}}{"C26658":{"preferredName":"Enzastaurin Hydrochloride","code":"C26658","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of certain types of cancer, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma, breast, colon, lung, ovarian, and prostate. Enzastaurin hydrochloride blocks certain cell signaling pathways, and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of serine threonine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of enzastaurin, a synthetic macrocyclic bisindolemaleimide with potential antineoplastic activity. Binding to the ATP-binding site, enzastaurin selectively inhibits protein kinase C beta, an enzyme involved in the induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-stimulated neo-angiogenesis. This agent may decrease tumor blood supply and so tumor burden.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Pyrrole-2,5-dione, 3-(1-Methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-4-(1-(1-(2-pyridinylmethyl)-4-piperidinyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)-, Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-(1-Methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-4-[1-[1-(2-pyridinylmethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-1H-indol-3-yl]-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"3-(1-Methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-4-[1-[1-(2-pyridinylmethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-1H-indol-3-yl]-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENZASTAURIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enzastaurin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enzastaurin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enzastaurin Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY317615","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LY317615","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"enzastaurin hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1615613"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"359017-79-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KX7K68Z2UH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269069"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269069"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H29N5O2.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LY317615"}]}}{"C92582":{"preferredName":"Epacadostat","code":"C92582","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available hydroxyamidine and inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Epacadostat targets and binds to IDO1, an enzyme responsible for the oxidation of tryptophan into kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, INCB024360 increases and restores the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), NK cells, and T-lymphocytes, as well as interferon (IFN) production, and a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may inhibit the growth of IDO1-expressing tumor cells. IDO1 is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types and DCs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,5-Oxadiazole-3-carboximidamide, 4-((2-((Aminosulfonyl)amino)ethyl)amino)-N-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N'-hydroxy-, (C(Z))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPACADOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Epacadostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epacadostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 024360","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB024360","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL423831"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1204669-58-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"71596A9R13"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685310"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685310"}]}}{"C1866":{"preferredName":"Epipodophyllotoxin Analog GL331","code":"C1866","definitions":[{"description":"An epipodophyllotoxin analogue possessing antineoplastic properties. GL331 binds to and inhibits topoisomerase II, resulting in the accumulation of single- or double-strand DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication and transcription, and apoptotic cell death. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epipodophyllotoxin Analog GL331","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GL331","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0908996"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"GL331"}]}}{"C78083":{"preferredName":"Epipropidine","code":"C78083","definitions":[{"description":"An epoxide and alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity. Epipropidone is not used clinically due to its unstable nature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPIPROPIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Epipropidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700003"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5696-17-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T3RCY5OD7A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H28N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Epipropidine"}]}}{"C62028":{"preferredName":"Epirubicin","code":"C62028","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used together with other drugs to treat early breast cancer that has spread to lymph nodes. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Epirubicin is a type of anthracycline antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 4'-epi-isomer of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Epirubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also produces toxic free-radical intermediates and interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S-cis)-10-((3-Amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-beta-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-5,12-naphthacenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Glycoloyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-3,5,12-trihydroxy-10-methoxy-6,11-dioxo-1-naphthacenyl-3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-arabino-hexopyranoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Epiadriamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4'-Epiadriamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Epidoxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-epi DX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPIRUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Epi DX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidoxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epirubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Epirubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epirubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pidorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"epirubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014582"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"56420-45-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3Z8479ZZ5X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO11"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Epirubicin_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:47898"}]}}{"C474":{"preferredName":"Epirubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C474","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used together with other drugs to treat early breast cancer that has spread to lymph nodes. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Ellence is a type of anthracycline antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the 4'-epi-isomer of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Epirubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. 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EGFR is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is overexpressed in certain tumor types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epitinib Succinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL 813","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL-813","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL813","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554354"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793471"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793471"}]}}{"C1089":{"preferredName":"Epitiostanol","code":"C1089","definitions":[{"description":"An androgenic anabolic steroid having potent anti-estrogenic effect, which inhibits the progression of estrogen-stimulated cancers such as breast cancer. 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Upon administration, epothilone analog UTD1 binds to tubulin, induces microtubule polymerization and stabilizes microtubules against depolymerization, which may result in the inhibition of cell division, the induction of G2/M arrest, and apoptosis. Compared to first-generation epothilones, this agent exhibits greater safety and enhanced activity against certain multidrug-resistant (MDR) tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epothilone Analog UTD1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UTD1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896752"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765129"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765129"}]}}{"C77892":{"preferredName":"Epothilone KOS-1584","code":"C77892","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation epothilone with potential antineoplastic activity. Epothilone KOS-1584 binds to tubulin and induces microtubule polymerization and stabilizes microtubules against depolymerization, which may result in the inhibition of cell division, the induction of G2/M arrest, and apoptosis. Compared to first-generation epothilones, this agent exhibits greater safety and efficacy with an enhanced pharmaceutical profile, including enhanced water solubility and tumor penetration, and reduced CNS exposure. In addition, epothilone KOS-1584 is a poor substrate for the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) drug efflux pump.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9,10-Didehydroepothilone D","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epothilone KOS-1584","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KOS-1584","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1099968"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594152"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594152"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Epothilone_KOS-1584"}]}}{"C1887":{"preferredName":"Epratuzumab","code":"C1887","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against CD22, a cell surface glycoprotein present on mature B-cells and on many types of malignant B-cells. After binding to CD22, epratuzumab's predominant antitumor activity appears to be mediated through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPRATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Epratuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epratuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Anti-CD22 Monoclonal Antibody IgG1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LymphoCide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"epratuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hLL2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"716711"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1120776"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"205923-57-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Systemic lupus erythematosus"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3062P60MH9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42234"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42234"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Epratuzumab"}]}}{"C155794":{"preferredName":"Epratuzumab-cys-tesirine","code":"C155794","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a cysteine-engineered version of epratuzumab (hLL2), a humanized anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody derived from the murine immunoglobulin (Ig) G2a monoclonal antibody LL2 (EPB-2), site-specifically conjugated to the cross-linking cytotoxic agent tesirine (SG3249), a cathepsin B-cleavable valine-alanine pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer (PBD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of epratuzumab-cys-tesirine, the epratuzumab moiety targets and binds to the B cell-specific CD22 receptor and is rapidly internalized. Upon cleavage, the imine groups of tesirine target and bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces interstrand cross-links in the minor groove of DNA and inhibits DNA replication, which inhibits the proliferation of CD22-overexpressing tumor cells. CD22, a cell surface glycoprotein, is expressed on mature B-cells and on most malignant B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ADCT-602","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT-602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD22/PBD ADC ADCT-602","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-602","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epratuzumab-cys-SG3249","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epratuzumab-cys-tesirine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epratuzumab-cys-tesirine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hLL2-cys-PBD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hLL2-cys-SG3249","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556329"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794990"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794990"}]}}{"C70625":{"preferredName":"Erastin Analogue PRLX 93936","code":"C70625","definitions":[{"description":"A structural analogue of erastin with potential antineoplastic activity. Erastin analogue PRLX 93936 appears to inhibit mitochondrial outer membrane protein VDACs (voltage-dependent anion channels) 2 and 3, resulting in an oxidative, non-apoptotic cell death. Erastin analogue PRLX 93936 exhibits greater lethality in cell lines harboring mutations in the GTPase protein oncogenes HRAS and KRAS or the serine-threonine protein kinase oncogene BRAF than in non-tumorigenic cell lines. VDACs 2 and 3 are up-regulated in a wide variety of tumor cell lines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Erastin Analogue PRLX 93936","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Erastin Analogue PRLX 93936","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRLX 93936","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17568748"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL375988"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570728"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570728"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Erastin_Analogue_PRLX93936"}]}}{"C73258":{"preferredName":"Erbulozole","code":"C73258","definitions":[{"description":"A water soluble congener of tubulozole and a tubulin binding agent with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Erbulozole targets and binds to tubulin, thereby preventing the polymerization of tubulin. This may lead to an inhibition of cell division and induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carbamic acid, (4-(((2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl)thio)phenyl)-,ethyl ester, cis-(+-)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERBULOZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Erbulozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R55104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059504"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"124784-31-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"78XGN2K5RX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H27N3O5S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Erbulozole"}]}}{"C103273":{"preferredName":"Erdafitinib","code":"C103273","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, pan fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, erdafitinib binds to and inhibits FGFR, which may result in the inhibition of FGFR-related signal transduction pathways and thus the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Ethanediamine, N1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N2-(1-methylethyl)-N1-(3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-6-quinoxalinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balversa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERDAFITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Erdafitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Erdafitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-42756493","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641169"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1346242-81-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"890E37NHMV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741845"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741845"}]}}{"C96748":{"preferredName":"Eribulin","code":"C96748","definitions":[{"description":"An analogue of halichondrin B, a substance derived from a marine sponge (Lissodendoryx sp.) with antineoplastic activity. Eribulin binds to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules, resulting in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, and, potentially, tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(3-Amino-2-hydroxypropyl)hexacosahydro-3-methoxy-26-methyl-20,27-bis(methylene)11,15-18,21-24,28-triepoxy-7,9-ethano-12,15-methano-9H,15H-furo(3,2-i)furo(2',3'-5,6)pyrano(4,3-b)(1,4)dioxacyclopentacosin-5-(4H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ER-086526","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERIBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eribulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2350866"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"253128-41-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LR24G6354G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C40H59NO11"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63587"}]}}{"C26644":{"preferredName":"Eribulin Mesylate","code":"C26644","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat metastatic breast cancer in patients who have already been treated with other chemotherapy. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Halaven may block cancer cell growth by stopping cell division. It belongs to the family of drugs called antitubulin agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The mesylate salt of a synthetic analogue of halichondrin B, a substance derived from a marine sponge (Lissodendoryx sp.) with antineoplastic activity. Eribulin binds to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules, resulting in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, and, potentially, tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(3-Amino-2-hydroxypropyl)hexacosahydro-3-methoxy-26-methyl-20,27-bis(methylene)11,15-18,21-24,28-triepoxy-7,9-ethano-12,15-methano-9H,15H-furo(3,2-i)furo(2',3'-5,6)pyrano(4,3-b)(1,4)dioxacyclopentacosin-5-(4H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B1939 Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7389","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"E7389","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ER-086526","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERIBULIN MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eribulin Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eribulin Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halaven","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Halaven","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halichondrin B Analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"eribulin mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"707389"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2608038"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"253128-41-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"unresectable or metastatic liposarcoma; breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AV9U0660CW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257773"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257773"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C40H59NO11.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"E7389"}]}}{"C65530":{"preferredName":"Erlotinib","code":"C65530","definitions":[{"description":"A quinazoline derivative with antineoplastic properties. Competing with adenosine triphosphate, erlotinib reversibly binds to the intracellular catalytic domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase, thereby reversibly inhibiting EGFR phosphorylation and blocking the signal transduction events and tumorigenic effects associated with EGFR activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERLOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Erlotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Erlotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"erlotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1135135"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"183321-74-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J4T82NDH7E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H23N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Erlotinib_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:114785"}]}}{"C2693":{"preferredName":"Erlotinib Hydrochloride","code":"C2693","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of non-small cell lung cancer. It is also used together with gemcitabine to treat pancreatic cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Erlotinib hydrochloride is a type of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a quinazoline derivative with antineoplastic properties. Competing with adenosine triphosphate, erlotinib reversibly binds to the intracellular catalytic domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase, thereby reversibly inhibiting EGFR phosphorylation and blocking the signal transduction events and tumorigenic effects associated with EGFR activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CP-358,774","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cp-358,774","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERLOTINIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Erlotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Erlotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Erlotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erlotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-Ethynylphenyl)-6,7-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)-4-quinazolinamine Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-774","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"OSI-774","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tarceva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Tarceva","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"erlotinib hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"718781"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1533491"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"183319-69-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Malignant glioma; Locally advanced or metastic non-small cell lung carcinoma; Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic pancreatic carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DA87705X9K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38428"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38428"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H23N3O4.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Erlotinib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:53509"}]}}{"C2658":{"preferredName":"Ertumaxomab","code":"C2658","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody with two antigen-recognition sites: one for CD3, an antigen expressed on mature T cells, and one for HER-2-neu, a tumor-associated antigen that promotes tumor growth. Ertumaxomab attaches to CD3-expressing T cells and HER-2-neu-expressing tumor cells, selectively cross-linking tumor and immunologic cells which results in the recruitment of cytotoxic T cells to the T cell/tumor cell aggregate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD3 x anti-HER-2-neu Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERTUMAXOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ertumaxomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ertumaxomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1723386"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"509077-99-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L5L45YGP1O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38498"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38498"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD3_x_anti-HER-2-neu_Bispecific_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C99767":{"preferredName":"Erythrocyte-encapsulated L-asparaginase Suspension","code":"C99767","definitions":[{"description":"A suspension of erythrocytes encapsulating L-asparaginase with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of erythrocyte-encapsulated L-asparaginase suspension, L-asparagine is hydrolyzed to L-aspartic acid and ammonia in plasma, thereby depleting tumor cells of asparagine. Due to low asparagine synthetase activity in tumor cells, de novo synthesis of asparagine is suppressed within tumor cells. Shortage of asparagine prevents synthesis of important proteins necessary for tumor cell growth. Encapsulation of asparaginase in erythrocytes decreases the immunogenicity of exogenous protein, enhances its circulation time and may limit toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Erythrocyte-encapsulated L-asparaginase Suspension","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Erythrocyte-encapsulated L-asparaginase Suspension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRASPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433492"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724517"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724517"}]}}{"C972":{"preferredName":"Esorubicin","code":"C972","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Esorubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. This agent exhibits less cardiotoxicity than the parent antibiotic doxorubicin, but may cause more severe myelosupression compared to other compounds within the anthracycline class.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-Deoxyadriamycin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Deoxydoxorubicin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxyadriamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxydoxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Deoxydoxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Esorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMI-58","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"267469"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0047760"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"63521-85-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RMC41L2WQ3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39211"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39211"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO10"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Deoxydoxorubicin"}]}}{"C74943":{"preferredName":"Esorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C74943","definitions":[{"description":"A hydrochloride salt of esorubicin, a derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Esorubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. This agent exhibits less cardiotoxicity than the parent antibiotic doxorubicin, but may cause more severe myelosupression compared to other compounds within the anthracycline class.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S-(2alpha(8R*,10R*),4beta,6beta))-10-((4-Aminotetrahydro-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxynaphthacene-5,12-dione Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Deoxyadriamycin HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Deoxydoxorubicin HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxydoxorubicin HCI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Esorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700018"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"63950-06-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2UB1JJT82D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO10.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Esorubicin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1301":{"preferredName":"Esperamicin A1","code":"C1301","definitions":[{"description":"An enediyne antineoplastic antibiotic hybrid containing an anthranilate moiety. Esperamicin A1 is isolated from the bacterium Actinomadura verrucosospora. The anthranilate component of esperamicin A1 intercalates DNA and the benzene diradical intermediate of the enediyne core binds to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esperamicin A1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Esperamicin A1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"372668"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0082481"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"99674-26-7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Esperamicin_A1"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:53273"}]}}{"C26649":{"preferredName":"Essiac","code":"C26649","definitions":[{"description":"An herbal tea mixture that contains burdock root, Indian rhubarb root, sheep sorrel, and slippery elm bark. It has been claimed to remove toxins from the body, make the immune system stronger, relieve pain, control diabetes, treat AIDS, reduce tumor size, increase cancer survival, and improve quality of life. No clinical trial using Essiac in humans has been reported in a peer-reviewed, scientific journal, and the FDA has not approved the use of Essiac for the treatment of any medical conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An herbal formula containing burdock root (Arctium lappa), Turkey rhubarb root (Rheum palmatum), sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella), and slippery elm bark (Ulmus fulva) with potential immunostimulating, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. The extract's chemical profile, their respective concentrations and the mechanism of action of Essiac are largely unknown due to the proprietary nature of the formula and product inconsistency. Several chemical classes in Essiac are consistently represented and may attribute to its therapeutic effect, including anthraquinone derivatives such as rhein and emodin, high molecular polysaccharides, and lignans such as arctigenin. However, all these chemicals are unlikely to occur in high concentrations in Essiac, and its potential therapeutic effect may be attributed to a potential synergistic effect of these various compounds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esiak","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Essiac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Essiac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0673827"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304440"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304440"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Essiac"}]}}{"C154677":{"preferredName":"Esterified Estrogens","code":"C154677","definitions":[{"description":"A mixture of the sodium salts of the sulfate esters of estrogen including sodium estrone sulfate, sodium equilin sulfate and the concomitant component, 17 alpha-estradiol, that is used for estrogen replacement. Estrogens bind to nuclear receptors in estrogen-responsive tissues and modulate the secretion of the gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), stimulate skeletal growth, and have a widespread effect on metabolic processes including protein transport and electrolyte balance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esterified Estrogens","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estrogens, Esterified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Menest (BR)","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555456"}]}}{"C1090":{"preferredName":"Estradiol Valerate","code":"C1090","definitions":[{"description":"The parenterally-administered synthetic valerate ester of estradiol, a steroid sex hormone vital to the maintenance of fertility and secondary sexual characteristics in females. As the primary, most potent estrogen hormone produced by the ovaries, estradiol binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors. This agent exhibits mild anabolic and metabolic properties, and increases blood coagulability. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Delestrogen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESTRADIOL VALERATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Estradiol Valerate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"17590"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059623"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"979-32-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OKG364O896"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39270"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39270"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H32O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Estradiol_Valerate"}]}}{"C479":{"preferredName":"Estramustine","code":"C479","definitions":[{"description":"A combination of the hormone estradiol (an estrogen) and nitrogen mustard (an anticancer drug). Used in the palliative therapy of prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic molecule combining estradiol and nornitrogen mustard through a carbamate link. Estramustine and its major metabolite estramustine bind to microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule dynamics and leading to anaphase arrest in a dose-dependent fashion. This agent also exhibits anti-androgenic effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17beta-(estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol 3-(bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate))","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESTRAMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Estradiol 3-[bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate]","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Estramustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leo 275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 21-8837","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"estra-1,3,5(10)triene-317beta-diol 3-[N,N-bis-(2-chloroethyl)carbamate]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"estradiol 3-bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"estramustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"89201"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014921"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2998-57-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Prostate Neoplasm"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"35LT29625A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H31Cl2NO3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Estramustine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4868"}]}}{"C480":{"preferredName":"Estramustine Phosphate Sodium","code":"C480","definitions":[{"description":"The orally available disodium salt, monohydrate, of estramustine phosphate, a synthetic molecule that combines estradiol and nornitrogen mustard through a carbamate link. Estramustine and its major metabolite estramustine bind to microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule dynamics and leading to anaphase arrest in a dose-dependent fashion. This agent also exhibits anti-androgenic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESTRAMUSTINE PHOSPHATE SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Emcyt","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estracyt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Estracyt","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estramustine 17-(Dihydrogenphosphate) Disodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estramustine Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estramustine Phosphate Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Estramustine Phosphate Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estramustine Sodium Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estramustine phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Estramustine sodium phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leo 299","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leo-299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro-21-8837/001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"89199"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014922"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52205-73-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"75F375MT2N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39235"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39235"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H30Cl2NO6P.2Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Estramustine_Phosphate_Sodium"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31562"}]}}{"C96432":{"preferredName":"Estrogen Receptor Agonist GTx-758","code":"C96432","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor (ER) alpha agonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of GTx-758, this agent suppresses the secretion of the gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) by the pituitary gland through feedback inhibition. In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the synthesis of androgens, including testosterone, by the testes. This may result in suppressed total serum testosterone to the levels observed in castration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Capesaris","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estrogen Receptor Agonist GTx-758","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Estrogen Receptor Agonist GTx-758","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GTx-758","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272775"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698431"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698431"}]}}{"C482":{"preferredName":"Estrogens, Conjugated","code":"C482","definitions":[{"description":"Purified orally bioavailable female sex hormones isolated from pregnant mare urine or synthetically derived from plant materials and primarily conjugated as sulfate esters. Estrogen binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors, which, in turn, bind to estrogen response elements (EREs) in target genes, resulting in histone acetylation, alteration of chromatin conformation, and initiation of transcription. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATC:G03CA57","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conestron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conjugated Estrogens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESTROGENS, CONJUGATED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Estrogens, Conjugated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Femest","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Premarin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Premarin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodestrin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tag-39","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"18313"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014938"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"12126-59-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Advanced androgen-dependent prostate cancer, palliative; Breast cancer, palliative; Estrogen replacement; Menopausal symptoms; Postmenopausal osteoporosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IU5QR144QX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39237"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39237"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Conjugated_Estrogens"}]}}{"C1626":{"preferredName":"Etalocib","code":"C1626","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called leukotriene B4 receptor antagonists.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A second-generation selective leukotriene B4 receptor (LTB4R) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact underlying mechanism through which LY293111 exerts its effects has not been fully elucidated, this agent selectively binds to and blocks LTB4Rs, thereby inhibiting the downstream signalling pathway. LY29311 has been shown to induce apoptosis and inhibits cellular proliferation in LTB4R expressing cells, such as pancreatic cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[2-Propyl-3-[3-[2-ethyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-hydroxyphenoxy]propoxy]phenoxy]benzoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-[3-[3-[(5-Ethyl-4'-fluoro-2-hydroxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)oxy]propoxy]-2-propylphenoxy]benzoic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2-[3-[3-[(5-Ethyl-4'-fluoro-2-hydroxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)oxy]propoxy]-2-propylphenoxy]benzoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETALOCIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etalocib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY293111","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LY293111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0298619"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"161172-51-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"THY6RIW44R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38111"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38111"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H33FO6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LY293111"}]}}{"C2381":{"preferredName":"Etanercept","code":"C2381","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is commonly used to treat arthritis. It is also being studied in the treatment of cancer, and as a treatment for loss of appetite and weight loss in cancer patients. It belongs to the family of drugs called tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant soluble dimeric fusion protein consisting of the extracellular ligand-binding region of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rhTNF) receptor attached to the constant (Fc) region of human immunoglobulin G (FcIgG). The receptor moiety of etanercept binds to circulating TNF (2 molecules of TNF per receptor) and inhibits its attachment to endogenous TNF cell surface receptors, thereby rendering TNF inactive and inhibiting TNF-mediated mechanisms of inflammation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETANERCEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enbrel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etanercept","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etanercept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFR:Fc","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor IgG Chimera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"etanercept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0717758"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"185243-69-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"juvenile arthritis; psoriatic arthritis; rheumatoid arthritis."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OP401G7OJC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257809"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Etanercept"}]}}{"C1092":{"preferredName":"Etanidazole","code":"C1092","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that increases the effectiveness of radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 2-nitroimidazole with radiosensitizing properties. Etanidazole depletes glutathione and inhibits glutathione transferase, thereby enhancing the cytotoxicity of ionizing radiation. This agent may also be useful as an imaging agent for identifying hypoxic, drug-resistant regions of primary tumors or metastases. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Imidazole-1-acetamide, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-nitro-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Nitroimidazole-1-acetamide, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETANIDAZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etanidazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Etanidazole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etanidazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR-2508","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"etanidazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"301467"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059682"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"22668-01-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"30DKA3Q1HL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39446"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39446"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H10N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Etanidazole"}]}}{"C1800":{"preferredName":"Etaracizumab","code":"C1800","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer and other conditions. Abegrin binds to a protein on the surface of blood vessels and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It may also prevent the spread of cancer. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent, a type of metastasis inhibitor, and a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal IgG1 antibody directed against the vitronectin receptor alpha v beta 3 integrin. Etaracizumab blocks the binding of ligands, such as vitronectin, to alpha v beta 3 integrin, resulting in inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis. Alpha v beta 3 integrin is a cell adhesion and signaling receptor that is expressed on the surface of tumor vessel endothelial cells, some tumor cells, and a number of other cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abegrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Abegrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETARACIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etaracizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etaracizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Monoclonal Antibody LM609","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-522","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MEDI-522","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Anti-Avb3 Integrin Medi-522","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Anti-alpha V Beta 3 Integrin MEDI-522","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitaxin","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"etaracizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"humanized monoclonal antibody MEDI-522","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"719850"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2350723"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"892553-42-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"41W9MFI160"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38491"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38491"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vitaxin"}]}}{"C96705":{"preferredName":"Etarotene","code":"C96705","definitions":[{"description":"An ethylsulfonyl derivative of arotinoic acid with differentiation inducing and potential antineoplastic activities. Like other retinoic acid agents, etarotene binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing changes in the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-((E)-p-(Ethylsulfonyl)-alpha-methylstyryl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arotinoid Ethyl Sulfone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arotinoid Ethyl Sulphone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETAROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Naphthalene, 6-(2-(4-(ethylsulfonyl)phenyl)-1-methylethenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-, (E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 15-1570/000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272976"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"87719-32-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PD3817FE9N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H32O2S"}]}}{"C116713":{"preferredName":"Ethaselen","code":"C116713","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable organoselenium inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ethaselen specifically binds to the selenocysteine-cysteine redox pair in the C-terminal active site of TrxR1 and inhibits its activity, which may result in growth inhibition and the induction of apoptosis in TrxR1 overexpressing tumor cells. TrxR1, upregulated in many cancer cell types, plays a key role in various redox-dependent cellular pathways, regulates transcription factor activity, inhibits apoptosis, and promotes cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1, 2-[Bis (1, 2-Benzisoselenazolone-3 (2H) -Ketone)] Ethane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBSKE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethaselen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1312515"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762438"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762438"}]}}{"C486":{"preferredName":"Ethinyl Estradiol","code":"C486","definitions":[{"description":"A semisynthetic estrogen. Ethinyl estradiol binds to the estrogen receptor complex and enters the nucleus, activating DNA transcription of genes involved in estrogenic cellular responses. This agent also inhibits 5-alpha reductase in epididymal tissue, which lowers testosterone levels and may delay progression of prostatic cancer. In addition to its antineoplastic effects, ethinyl estradiol protects against osteoporosis. In animal models, short-term therapy with this agent has been shown to provide long-term protection against breast cancer, mimicking the antitumor effects of pregnancy. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(17alpha)-19-Norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-yne-3,17-diol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(17alpha)-19-Norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-yne-3,17-diol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diogyn E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Diogyn E","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diogyn-E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ETHINYL ESTRADIOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Estinyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Estinyl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethinoral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ethinoral","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethinyl Estradiol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ethinyl Estradiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethinylestradiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ethinylestradiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eticylol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Eticylol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Feminone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Feminone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inestra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Inestra","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lynoral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lynoral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orestralyn","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Orestralyn","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"10973"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015011"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57-63-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Advanced androgen-dependent prostate cancer, palliative; Breast cancer, palliative; Estrogen replacement; Menopausal symptoms; Postmenopausal osteoporosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"423D2T571U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39238"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39238"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H24O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ethinyl_Estradiol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4903"}]}}{"C1009":{"preferredName":"Ethyleneimine","code":"C1009","definitions":[{"description":"A monofunctional alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Reacting with DNA mainly at guanine and adenine residues, ethylenimine alkylates DNA, thereby producing DNA interstrand crosslinks and DNA breaks, and interfering with DNA replication and cell division. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZIRIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aminoethylene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azacyclopropane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azirane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aziridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethyleneimine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethylenimine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethyleneimine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethylenimine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethylimine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052794"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"151-56-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"54P5FEX9FH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C2H5N"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ethylenimine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:30969"}]}}{"C26563":{"preferredName":"Ethylnitrosourea","code":"C26563","definitions":[{"description":"A nitrosourea with potential antineoplastic activity. Used experimentally as a mutagen and carcinogen, ethylnitrosourea alkylates DNA and proteins, thereby damaging DNA and inducing point mutations. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Ethyl-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethylnitrosourea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-ETHYL-N-NITROSOUREA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"N-Ethyl-N-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitrosoethylurea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"45403"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015111"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"759-73-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P8M1T4190R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C3H7N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ethylnitrosourea"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:23995"}]}}{"C125901":{"preferredName":"Etidronate-Cytarabine Conjugate MBC-11","code":"C125901","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic conjugate composed of the bisphosphonate etidronate linked to the cytostatic agent and antimetabolite cytarabine, with potential antineoplastic and antiresorptive activities. Upon intravenous administration of the etidronate-cytarabine conjugate MBC-11, the etidronate moiety targets bone and the two moieties are released upon hydrolysis. Etidronate binds to hydroxyapatite crystals in bone tissues and prevents its resorption. This prevents bone destruction and induces bone cell mineralization. In addition, the bone-targeting nature of this agent allows for the accumulation of cytarabine in bone tissue, where it is able to exert its antitumor effect locally by competing with cytidine for incorporation into DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis, while reducing systemic exposure. This leads to a destruction of bone-associated tumor cells, an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and bone metastasis, and prevents tumor-mediated bone destruction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Etidronate-Cytarabine Conjugate MBC-11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etidronate-ara-C Conjugate MBC-11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBC-11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504550"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778808"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778808"}]}}{"C74069":{"preferredName":"Etirinotecan Pegol","code":"C74069","definitions":[{"description":"An extended-release (ER) formulation composed of irinotecan, which is a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin and a topoisomerase I-inhibitor prodrug, that is conjugated, via a proprietary biodegradable ester-based linker, to polyethylene glycol (PEG), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of etirinotecan pegol (EP), the agent penetrates into the leaky tumor vasculature and accumulates in the tumor. The linker slowly hydrolyzes and releases irinotecan, which leads to sustained exposure of the tumor to irinotecan. In turn, irinotecan is converted to the biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN38) by a carboxylesterase. SN38 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex of topoisomerase I and DNA; this results in DNA breaks that inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptosis. Pegylation provides improved systemic exposure, increases drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of therapeutic effects while lowering the toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETIRINOTECAN PEGOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etirinotecan Pegol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etirinotecan Pegol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKTR 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKTR-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onzeald","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-Irinotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3659087"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"848779-32-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LJ16641SFT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586949"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586949"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pegylated_Irinotecan_NKTR_102"}]}}{"C489":{"preferredName":"Etoglucid","code":"C489","definitions":[{"description":"An epoxide compound with potential antineoplastic alkylating activity. Etoglucid is able to crosslink DNA via its epoxide group, resulting in disruption of DNA function and cell cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Bis[2-(2, 3-epoxypropoxy)ethoxy]ethane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,2-bis[2-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)ethoxy]ethane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,2:15,16-Diepoxy-4,7,10, 13-tetraoxahexadecane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,2:15,16-diepoxy-4,7,10,13-tetraoxahexadecane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,2'-(2,5,8,11-tetraoxadodecane-1,12-diyl)bisoxirane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETOGLUCID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Epodyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Epodyl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethane, 1, 2-bis[2-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)ethoxy]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ethoglucid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ethoglucid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etoglucid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Etoglucid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI 32865","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ICI-32865","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triethylene Glycol Diglycidyl Ether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triethylene glycol diglycidyl ether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"80439"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015039"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1954-28-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4F9KUA0T4D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39233"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39233"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H22O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Etoglucid"}]}}{"C491":{"preferredName":"Etoposide","code":"C491","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat testicular and small cell lung cancers. It is also being studied in the treatment of several other types of cancer. Vepesid blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of podophyllotoxin derivative and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin, a substance extracted from the mandrake root Podophyllum peltatum. Possessing potent antineoplastic properties, etoposide binds to and inhibits topoisomerase II and its function in ligating cleaved DNA molecules, resulting in the accumulation of single- or double-strand DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication and transcription, and apoptotic cell death. Etoposide acts primarily in the G2 and S phases of the cell cycle. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-[4,6-O-ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-[(4,6-O-Ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy)-5,8,8a,9-tetrahydro-5-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)furo[3',4':6,7]naphtho[2,3-d]-1,3-dioxol-6(5aH)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Demethyl Epipodophyllotoxin Ethylidine Glucoside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPEG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETOPOSIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ETOPOSIDE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Etoposide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Etoposide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etoposide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etoposide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lastet","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toposar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VP 16","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VP 16-213","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VP-16","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VP-16","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VP-16-213","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VP16","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vepesid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Vepesid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vepesid","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"etoposide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"141540"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015133"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"33419-42-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hypereosinophilic syndrome; Kaposi's sarcoma; Langerhans cell histiocytosis; Mobilization of peripheral-blood progenitor cells; Multiple myeloma; Neuroblastoma; Non-small lung cancer; Osteogenic sarcoma"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Ovarian cancer; Retinoblastoma; Small cell lung cancer; Soft tissue sarcomas; Testicular cancer; Thymoma; Thyroid cancer; Uterine cancer; Wilms' tumor"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute leukemia; Adrenal cortical cancer; Brain cancer; Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia; Choriocarcinoma; Esophageal cancer; Ewing's sarcoma; Gastric cancer; Germ Cell cancer; Gestational trophoblastic neoplasms; Hepatocellular cancer; Hodgkin's disease"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6PLQ3CP4P3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39207"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39207"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H32O13"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Etoposide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4911"}]}}{"C1093":{"preferredName":"Etoposide Phosphate","code":"C1093","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat testicular and small cell lung cancers. It is also being studied in the treatment of several other types of cancer. Etopophos blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of podophyllotoxin derivative and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A phosphate salt of a semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin. Etoposide binds to the enzyme topoisomerase II, inducing double-strand DNA breaks, inhibiting DNA repair, and resulting in decreased DNA synthesis and tumor cell proliferation. Cells in the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle are most sensitive to this agent. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETOPOSIDE PHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etopophos","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Etopophos","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etoposide Phosphate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etoposide Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"etoposide phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059874"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"117091-64-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hepatocellular cancer; Hodgkins disease; Hypereosinophilic syndrome; Kaposis sarcoma; Testicular cancer; Thymoma; Thyroid cancer; Uterine cancer; Wilms tumor"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis; Mobilization of peripheral-blood progenitor cells; Multiple myeloma; Neuroblastoma; Non-small lung cancer; Osteogenic sarcoma; Ovarian cancer; Retinoblastoma; Small cell lung cancer; Soft tissue sarcomas"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute leukemia; Adrenal cortical cancer; Brain cancer; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia; Choriocarcinoma; Esophageal cancer; Ewings sarcoma; Gastric cancer; Germ cell cancer; Gestational trophoblastic neoplasms"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"528XYJ8L1N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42801"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42801"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H33O16P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Etoposide_Phosphate"}]}}{"C114977":{"preferredName":"Etoposide Toniribate","code":"C114977","definitions":[{"description":"A prodrug of etoposide, a semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin extracted from the mandrake root Podophyllum peltatum, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of etoposide toniribate, etoposide is released after enzymatic cleavage of CAP7.1 by specific carboxylesterases (CE) 1 and 2, which are upregulated in certain tumor cell types. Etoposide acts primarily in the G2 and S phases of the cell cycle. This drug binds to and inhibits topoisomerase II, an enzyme elevated in tumor cells. This results in the accumulation of double-strand DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication and transcription and the induction of apoptotic cell death. The tumor-specific activation of etoposide increases its efficacy while lowering its systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAP7.1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDO-S7.1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETOPOSIDE TONIRIBATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etoposide Toniribate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472574"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"433304-61-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A59HL2Q48U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759515"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759515"}]}}{"C73236":{"preferredName":"Etoprine","code":"C73236","definitions":[{"description":"A lipophilic, diaminopyrimidine folate antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Etoprine inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in decreased cellular folate metabolism. This may eventually result in a reduction of cellular growth and the induction of apoptosis. In addition, this agent inhibits histamine-N-methyltransferase, resulting in decreased histamine catabolism. Lipid-soluble etoprine is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Diamino-5-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AI3-25008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DDEP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETOPRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ethodichlorophen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etoprine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"3062"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059875"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"18588-57-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"406PGU9KGI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H12Cl2N4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Etoprine"}]}}{"C52188":{"preferredName":"Etoricoxib","code":"C52188","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with antipyretic, analgesic, and potential antineoplastic properties. Etoricoxib specifically binds to and inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), resulting in inhibition of the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. Inhibition of COX-2 may induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Chloro-2-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-3-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl) Pyridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arcoxia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETORICOXIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etoricoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Etoricoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-791456","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-0663","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0972314"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"202409-33-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WRX4NFY03R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462092"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462092"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H15ClN2O2S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Etoricoxib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6339"}]}}{"C125657":{"preferredName":"Ets-family Transcription Factor Inhibitor TK216","code":"C125657","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary biologic that inhibits the transcriptional-promoting activity of E26 transformation-specific (Ets, E-twenty-six) family transcription factors, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action through which this agent exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration, Ets-family transcription factor inhibitor TK216 inhibits transcriptional activation mediated by Ets family proteins, including the oncogenic Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1/Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (EWSR1/FLI1; EWS/FLI1) fusion protein. This agent may both inhibit the malignant downstream effects mediated by genomic rearrangements that result in the overexpression of Ets family transcription factors and decrease tumor cell growth and proliferation. A chromosomal translocation t(11;22)(q24;q12) fuses the EWSR1 gene and the FLI1 gene and encodes the EWSR1/FLI1 fusion protein, which is an oncoprotein expressed by peripheral primitive neuroectodermal (pPNET) tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ets-family Transcription Factor Inhibitor TK216","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ets-family Transcription Factor Inhibitor TK216","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TK-216","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TK216","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504343"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778521"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778521"}]}}{"C48387":{"preferredName":"Everolimus","code":"C48387","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced kidney cancer that did not respond to treatment with certain other anticancer drugs. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Afinitor stops cancer cells from dividing and may block the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It also decreases the body's immune responses. It is a type of immunosuppressant and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A derivative of the natural macrocyclic lactone sirolimus with immunosuppressant and anti-angiogenic properties. In cells, everolimus binds to the immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate an immunosuppressive complex that binds to and inhibits the activation of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), a key regulatory kinase. Inhibition of mTOR activation results in the inhibition of T lymphocyte activation and proliferation associated with antigen and cytokine (IL-2, IL-4, and IL-15) stimulation and the inhibition of antibody production. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1R,9S,12S,15R,16E,18R,19R,21R,23S,24E,26E,28E,30S,32S,35R)-1,18-Dihydroxy-12-((1R)-2-((1S,3R,4R)-4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-methoxycyclohexyl)-1-methylethyl)-19,30-dimethoxy-15,17,21,23,29,35-hexamethyl-11,36-dioxa-4-azatricyclo(30.3.1.04,9)hexatriaconta-16,24,26,28-tetraene-2,3,10,14,20-pentaone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"42-O-(2-Hydroxy)ethyl Rapamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Afinitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Afinitor","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Certican","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EVEROLIMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Everolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Everolimus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Everolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAD 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAD001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RAD001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Votubia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zortress","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"everolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"733504"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0541315"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"159351-69-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"neuroendocrine tumors (NET) of gastrointestinal (GI), lung or pancreatic origin"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9HW64Q8G6G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"372905"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"372905"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C53H83NO14"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Everolimus"}]}}{"C102880":{"preferredName":"Everolimus Tablets for Oral Suspension","code":"C102880","definitions":[{"description":"Tablets for oral suspension containing everolimus, a derivative of the natural macrocyclic lactone sirolimus, with immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities. After suspension of the everolimus tablets in water and oral administration, this agent inhibits the activation of the serine/threonine kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) by binding to mTOR's cytosolic receptor immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12). Inhibition of the mTOR complex may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/Akt/mTOR pathway and an inhibition in the expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor. Ultimately, this may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. This pediatric formulation can dissolve easily in a small volume of water making it easier to swallow and is available in smaller dose increments thereby allowing for greater dosing flexibility.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Afinitor Disperz","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Everolimus Tablets for Oral Suspension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437183"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)-associated partial-onset seizures; TSC-associated subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) and TSC-associated renal angiomyolipoma"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739586"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739586"}]}}{"C71722":{"preferredName":"Evofosfamide","code":"C71722","definitions":[{"description":"A hypoxia-activated prodrug of the cytotoxin bromo-isophosphoramide mustard (Br-IPM) conjugated with 2-nitroimidazole, with potential antineoplastic activity. When exposed to hypoxic conditions, such as those found in hypoxic tumors, the 2-nitroimidazole moiety of evofosfamide is reduced. This releases the DNA-alkylating Br-IPM moiety, which introduces intra- and inter-strand DNA crosslinks in nearby cells; the crosslinks inhibit both DNA replication and cell division, and may lead to apoptosis of cells in the tumor. The inactive form of the prodrug is stable under normoxic conditions, which may limit systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EVOFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Evofosfamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Evofosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HAP TH-302","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypoxia-Activated Prodrug TH-302","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphorodiamidic Acid, N,N'-bis(2-bromoethyl)-, (1-methyl-2-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TH-302","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348906"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"918633-87-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8A9RZ3HN8W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560194"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560194"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HAP_TH-302"}]}}{"C131305":{"preferredName":"Ex Vivo-expanded Autologous T Cells IMA101","code":"C131305","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, specifically recognizing certain tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential antineoplastic activity. The endogenous T-cells are isolated, expanded ex vivo, and reintroduced back into the patient. Upon administration, the ex vivo-expanded autologous T-cells IMA101 target and kill tumor cells. The T-cells are analyzed beforehand for their ability to specifically recognize certain TAAs, based on a proprietary antigen warehouse.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTolog IMA101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ex Vivo-expanded Autologous T Cells IMA101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ex Vivo-expanded Autologous T Cells IMA101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA101 T-Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA101 T-cell Product","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514353"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785549"}]}}{"C1679":{"preferredName":"Exatecan Mesylate","code":"C1679","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic, water-soluble derivative of camptothecin with antineoplastic activity. Exatecan mesylate inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA and inhibiting religation of DNA breaks, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and triggering apoptotic cell death. This agent does not require enzymatic activation and exhibits greater potency than camptothecin and other camptothecin analogues. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"10H,13H-Benzo(de)pyrano(3'm4':6,7)indolizino(1,2-b)quinoline-10,13-dione, 1-amino-9-ethyl-5-fluoro-1,2,3,9,12,15-hexahydro-9-hydroxy-4-methyl-, (1S-trans)-, Methanesulfonate (1:1) (Salt), Dihydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DX-8951f","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DX-8951f","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EXATECAN MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Exatecan Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exatecan Mesylate Dihydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exatecan Mesylate Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"exatecan mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935945"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"197720-53-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D2VJ1CC26Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43386"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43386"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H22FN3O4.CH4O3S.2H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Exatecan_Mesylate"}]}}{"C162348":{"preferredName":"Exatecan Mesylate Anhydrous","code":"C162348","definitions":[{"description":"The anhydrous, mesylate salt form of exatecan, a semisynthetic, water-soluble derivative of camptothecin, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, exatecan mesylate inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA and inhibiting re-ligation of DNA breaks, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and triggering apoptotic cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"10H,13H-Benzo(de)pyrano(3',4':6,7)indolizino(1,2-b)quinoline-10,13-dione, 1-Amino-9-ethyl-5-fluoro-1,2,3,9,12,15-hexahydro-9-hydroxy-4-methyl-, (1S,9S)-, Methanesulfonate (1:1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EXATECAN MESYLATE ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Exatecan Mesylate Anhydrous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"169869-90-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y76278R9RJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1097":{"preferredName":"Exemestane","code":"C1097","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced breast cancer and to prevent recurrent breast cancer in postmenopausal women who have already been treated with tamoxifen. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Aromasin causes a decrease in the amount of estrogen made by the body. It is a type of aromatase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic androgen analogue. Exemestane binds irreversibly to and inhibits the enzyme aromatase, thereby blocking the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone and the peripheral aromatization of androgenic precursors into estrogens. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Methyleneandrosta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aromasin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Aromasin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EXEMESTANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Exemestane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Exemestane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Exemestane","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Exemestane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCE-24304","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"exemestane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"713563"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0851344"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"107868-30-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Estrogen Receptor-Positive Early Breast Cancer; early and advanced-stage breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NY22HMQ4BX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42297"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42297"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H24O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Exemestane"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4953"}]}}{"C1239":{"preferredName":"Exisulind","code":"C1239","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment and prevention of cancer. It has been shown to cause apoptosis (cell death) in cells that are malignant (cancer) and in cells that may become cancer. It acts through a group of cellular enzymes called cGMP phosphodiesterases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inactive metabolite of the nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory agent sulindac. After oral administration, sulindac undergoes extensive biotransformation including irreversible oxidation to sulindac sulfone. Approximately, one half of an administered dose of sulindac is eliminated through the urine, mostly as the conjugated sulfone metabolite. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(Z)-5-Fluoro-2-methyl-1-[[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]methylene]-1H-indene-3-acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1H-Indene-3-acetic Acid, 5-Fluoro-2-methyl-1-((4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)methylene), (Z)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aptosyn","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EXISULIND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Exisulind","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Exisulind","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Exisulind","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Exisulind","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGN-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulindac Sulfone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulindac sulfone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"exisulind","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"719619"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0075616"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"59973-80-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Colonic adenomatous polyps in the inherited disease adenomatous polyposis coli, control and suppression"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K619IIG2R9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43057"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43057"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H17FO4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sulindac_Sulfone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64212"}]}}{"C112498":{"preferredName":"Extended Release Flucytosine","code":"C112498","definitions":[{"description":"An extended release (ER) oral tablet that contains flucytosine (5-FC), a fluorinated cytosine analog, with antifungal activity and potential anti-cancer activity. Following oral administration of ER 5-FC, the 5-FC is deaminated to its active metabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). 5-FU replaces uracil during RNA synthesis, which consequently inhibits downstream protein synthesis. In addition, 5-FU is metabolized further to 5-fluorodeoxyuridylic acid monophosphate, which inhibits thymidylate synthetase. Inhibition of this enzyme interrupts nucleotide synthesis, DNA replication and cell proliferation. Negative regulation of protein synthesis, DNA replication and cell proliferation can lead to cell death. Following ingestion of ER 5-FC, intravenous injection of a retroviral vector encoding cytosine deaminase (TC 511) at a tumor site may result in higher local concentrations of 5-FU and its metabolites, and increased tumor cell death than other 5-FU treatment regimens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extended Release 5-FC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extended Release 5-Fluorocytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extended Release Flucytosine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Extended Release Flucytosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extended-Release 5-FC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extended-Release 5-Fluorocytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extended-Release Flucytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toca FC","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454672"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755027"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755027"}]}}{"C113797":{"preferredName":"Extended-release Onapristone","code":"C113797","definitions":[{"description":"An extended-release (ER) formulation of onapristone, an orally bioavailable progesterone receptor (PR) antagonist, with antineoplastic activity. Onapristone binds to the PR and inhibits both PR activation and the associated expression of PR-responsive genes. This may inhibit PR-mediated proliferative effects in cancer cells overexpressing PR. PR is expressed on certain cancer cell types and plays a key role in proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ER Onapristone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extended-release Onapristone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471779"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757592"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757592"}]}}{"C91395":{"preferredName":"F16-IL2 Fusion Protein","code":"C91395","definitions":[{"description":"An immunocytokine of the human monoclonal antibody fragment F16 (scFv) against the extra-domain A1 of tenascin-C fused, via a short 5-amino acid linker, to a recombinant form of the human cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The monoclonal antibody portion of the F16-IL2 fusion protein binds to tumor cells expressing the tumor associated antigen (TAA) tenascin-C. In turn, the IL-2 moiety of the fusion protein stimulates natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and neutrophils and induces T-cell antitumor cellular immune responses thereby selectively killing tenascin-C-expressing tumor cells. In addition, F16-IL2 may potentiate the cytotoxicity of other chemotherapeutic agents. Tenascin-C, a glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix, is expressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"F16-IL2 Fusion Protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teleukin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421592"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674718"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674718"}]}}{"C107239":{"preferredName":"FACT Complex-targeting Curaxin CBL0137","code":"C107239","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available curaxin-based agent targeting the Facilitates Chromatin Transcription (FACT) complex, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CBL0137 binds to FACT and sequesters the FACT complex on chromatin, which inhibits its activity. This prevents transcription of certain genes involved in cancer-associated signaling pathways; it specifically inhibits the transcription of both NF-kappa B and heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) and simultaneously activates p53. This causes an increase in tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation, in FACT-positive cancers. In addition, this agent is able to sensitize FACT-positive tumor cells to the cytotoxic effects of other chemotherapeutic agents. FACT, a transcription and replication factor composed of the Structure Specific Recognition Protein (SSRP1) and suppressor of Ty 16 (Spt16) proteins, is expressed in a variety of tumor cells while almost absent in normal cells; its expression is associated with increased tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CBL0137","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FACT Complex-targeting Curaxin CBL0137","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FACT Complex-targeting Curaxin CBL0137","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827145"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750614"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750614"}]}}{"C88346":{"preferredName":"FAK Inhibitor GSK2256098","code":"C88346","definitions":[{"description":"A focal adhesion kinase-1 (FAK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. FAK inhibitor GSK2256098 inhibits FAK, which may prevent the integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signal transduction pathways, including ERK, JNK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt, thereby inhibiting tumor cell migration, proliferation and survival, and tumor angiogenesis. The tyrosine kinase FAK is normally activated by binding to integrins in the extracellular matrix (ECM) but may be upregulated and constitutively activated in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FAK Inhibitor GSK2256098","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Focal Adhesion Kinase Inhibitor GSK2256098","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2256098","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981865"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658411"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658411"}]}}{"C78199":{"preferredName":"FAK Inhibitor PF-00562271","code":"C78199","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule and ATP-competitive focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. FAK inhibitor PF-00562271 inhibits the tyrosine kinase FAK, and to a lesser extent, proline-rich tyrosine kinase (PYK2), which may inhibit tumor cell migration, proliferation, and survival. As FAK is a signal transducer for integrins, inhibition of FAK by this agent may prevent integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signals including ERK, JNK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt. FAK and PYK2, upregulated in many tumor cell types, are involved in tumor cell invasion, migration and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FAK Inhibitor PF-00562271","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Focal Adhesion Kinase Inhibitor PF-00562271","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-00562271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703113"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595536"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595536"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"FAK_Inhibitor_PF-00562271"}]}}{"C107238":{"preferredName":"FAK Inhibitor VS-4718","code":"C107238","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, VS-4718 inhibits FAK, blocks fibronectin-stimulated FAK autophosphorylation of Tyr397, and may prevent the integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signal transduction pathways, including ERK, JNK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt. This results in the reduction of the number of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and inhibits tumor cell migration, proliferation and survival. The cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase FAK is a signal transducer for integrins and is constitutively activated in various tumor cell types; it is involved in tumor cell invasion, migration and proliferation and plays a key role in the development, function and survival of CSCs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FAK Inhibitor VS-4718","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FAK Inhibitor VS-4718","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VS-4718","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3177516"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750562"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750562"}]}}{"C118285":{"preferredName":"FASN Inhibitor TVB-2640","code":"C118285","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable fatty acid synthase (FASN) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TVB-2640 binds to and blocks FASN, which prevents the synthesis of palmitate needed for tumor cell growth and survival. This leads to a reduction in cell signaling, an induction of tumor cell apoptosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. FASN, an enzyme responsible for the de novo synthesis of palmitic acid, is overexpressed in tumor cells and plays a key role in tumor metabolism, lipid signaling, tumor cell survival and drug resistance; tumor cells are dependent on increased fatty acid production for their enhanced metabolic needs and rapid growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FASN Inhibitor TVB-2640","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FASN Inhibitor TVB-2640","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TVB-2640","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474138"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764235"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764235"}]}}{"C77970":{"preferredName":"FGF Receptor Antagonist HGS1036","code":"C77970","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) fused to the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. FGFR1 receptor antagonist FP-1039 prevents FGFR ligands, such as FGF1, FGF2, FGF4, from binding to their cognate receptors, thereby inhibiting the activation of the related FGFR tyrosine kinases. Inhibition of FGFR1 by this agent may retard tumor cell proliferation and induce tumor cell death. FP-1039 may also inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis. FGFR1 is a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in certain tumor cells and involved in tumor cellular proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and survival; most ligands that bind to FGFR1 also bind to the related receptors FGFR3 and FGFR4.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGF Receptor Antagonist HGS1036","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FGF Receptor Antagonist HGS1036","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FP-1039","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK3052230","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGS1036","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703098"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599037"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599037"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"FGF_Receptor_Antagonist_FP-1039"}]}}{"C118672":{"preferredName":"FGF/FGFR Pathway Inhibitor E7090","code":"C118672","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the FGF/FGFR pathway inhibitor E7090 selectively interferes with the binding of FGF to FGFR through an as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism. This inhibits FGFR-mediated signaling and leads to both cell proliferation inhibition and cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival; its expression is upregulated in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E-7090","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"E-7090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGF/FGFR Pathway Inhibitor E7090","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896866"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TN7CUD1NGA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766006"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766006"}]}}{"C122719":{"preferredName":"FGFR Inhibitor ASP5878","code":"C122719","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR inhibitor ASP5878 binds to and inhibits FGFR, which results in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP5878","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor ASP5878","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor ASP5878","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471763"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756907"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756907"}]}}{"C88272":{"preferredName":"FGFR Inhibitor AZD4547","code":"C88272","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. FGFR inhibitor AZD4547 binds to and inhibits FGFR, which may result in the inhibition of FGFR-related signal transduction pathways, and, so, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. FGFR, up-regulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to tumor cellular proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD4547","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor AZD4547","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor AZD4547","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412460"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655951"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655951"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63453"}]}}{"C111988":{"preferredName":"FGFR Inhibitor Debio 1347","code":"C111988","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor subtypes 1 (FGFR-1), 2 (FGFR-2) and 3 (FGFR-3), with potential antineoplastic activity. FGFR inhibitor debio 1347 binds to and inhibits FGFR-1, -2, and -3, which result in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This leads to the inhibition of both tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis, and causes cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many tumor cell types, is essential for tumor cellular proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CH5183284","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Debio1347","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Debiopharm 1347","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF284","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor Debio 1347","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor Debio 1347","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"debio 1347","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"debio 1347-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4049133"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753851"}]}}{"C114283":{"preferredName":"Futibatinib","code":"C114283","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Futibatinib selectively and irreversibly binds to and inhibits FGFR, which may result in the inhibition of both the FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathway and tumor cell proliferation, and increased cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival and its expression is upregulated in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propen-1-one, 1-((3S)-3-(4-Amino-3-(2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl)-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-1-yl)-1-pyrrolidinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FUTIBATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Futibatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471791"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1448169-71-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4B93MGE4AL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757896"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757896"}]}}{"C116894":{"preferredName":"FGFR/VEGFR/PDGFR/FLT3/SRC Inhibitor XL999","code":"C116894","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of numerous tyrosine kinases (TKs) including fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), and SRC, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, XL999 binds to and inhibits the activity of these TKs, thereby preventing both the activation of downstream signaling pathways and the proliferation of tumor cells overexpressing these TKs. FGFR, VEGFR, PDGFR, FLT-3, and SRC are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGFR/VEGFR/PDGFR/FLT3/SRC Inhibitor XL999","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FGFR/VEGFR/PDGFR/FLT3/SRC Inhibitor XL999","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSKI XL999","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spectrum Selective Kinase Inhibitor XL999","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541529"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425377"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425377"}]}}{"C150383":{"preferredName":"FGFR1/2/3 Inhibitor HMPL-453","code":"C150383","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) types 1, 2, and 3 (FGFR1/2/3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FGFR inhibitor HMPL-453 binds to and inhibits FGFR1/2/3, which may result in the inhibition of FGFR1/2/3-related signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR1/2/3-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation, migration and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor HMPL-453","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR1/2/3 Inhibitor HMPL-453","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL 453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL-453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552165"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792789"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792789"}]}}{"C143067":{"preferredName":"FGFR4 Antagonist INCB062079","code":"C143067","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR4 antagonist INCB062079 specifically and irreversibly binds to the cysteine residue at position 552 (Cys 552) that is within the active site of FGFR4. This blocks FGFR4 autophosphorylation and activation of receptor tyrosine kinase activity that would normally occur after binding to its ligand fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), which both inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGF19- and FGFR4-overexpressing cells. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is involved in angiogenesis and in the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of tumor cells. FGFR4 expression is associated with poor prognosis. FGF19 is overexpressed by certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGFR4 Antagonist INCB062079","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor INCB062079","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Antagonist INCB062079","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Antagonist INCB062079","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 062079","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-062079","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB062079","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB62079","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541447"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C162342":{"preferredName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor BLU 9931","code":"C162342","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR4 antagonist BLU 9931 specifically and irreversibly binds to the cysteine residue at position 552 (Cys 552) that is within the active site of FGFR4. This blocks FGFR4 autophosphorylation and activation of receptor tyrosine kinase activity that would normally occur after binding to its ligand, fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), which both inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGF19- and FGFR4-overexpressing cells. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is involved in angiogenesis and in the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of tumor cells. FGFR4 expression is associated with poor prognosis. FGF19 is overexpressed by certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenamide, N-(2-((6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-quinazolinyl)amino)-3-methylphenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU 9931","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU-9931","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BLU-9931","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU9931","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor BLU 9931","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-((6-(2,6-Dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-quinazolinyl)amino)-3-methylphenyl)-2-propenamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1538604-68-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FQK825B5DX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C120102":{"preferredName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor FGF401","code":"C120102","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FGF401 binds to and inhibits the activity of FGFR4, which leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing cells. FGFR4 is a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in certain tumor cells and involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGF401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor FGF401","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor FGF401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896860"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767955"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767955"}]}}{"C128862":{"preferredName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor H3B-6527","code":"C128862","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, H3B-6527 specifically binds to and blocks FGFR4. This prevents the activation of FGFR4, inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed by certain tumor cell types, is involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and survival; FGFR4 expression is associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor H3B-6527","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor H3B-6527","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Inhibitor H3B-6527","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3B 6527","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3B-6527","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3B6527","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512384"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783108"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783108"}]}}{"C162852":{"preferredName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor ICP-105","code":"C162852","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ICP-105 specifically targets, binds to and blocks the binding of the ligand FGF19 to FGFR4. This prevents the activation of FGFR4, inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing cells. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types, is involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and survival. FGF19 is overexpressed by certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGFR4 Antagonist ICP-105","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor ICP-105","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICP 105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICP-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICP105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798826"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798826"}]}}{"C137988":{"preferredName":"FLT3 Inhibitor FF-10101 Succinate","code":"C137988","definitions":[{"description":"The succinate salt form of FF-10101, a FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of FLT3 inhibitor FF-10101 succinate (FF-10101-01), FF-10101 irreversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3. This inhibits the proliferation of FLT3-expressing cancer cells. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FF-10101 Succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF-10101-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF10101 Succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLT3 Inhibitor FF-10101 Succinate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FLT3 Inhibitor FF-10101 Succinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524957"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790705"}]}}{"C165254":{"preferredName":"FLT3 Inhibitor HM43239","code":"C165254","definitions":[{"description":"A selective, reversible type I inhibitor of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of FLT3 inhibitor HM43239, it reversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3. This inhibits the proliferation of FLT3-expressing cancer cells. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLT3 Inhibitor HM43239","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FLT3 Inhibitor HM43239","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FMS-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Inhibitor HM43239","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM 43239","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM-43239","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM43239","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799742"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799742"}]}}{"C155773":{"preferredName":"FLT3 Inhibitor SKI-G-801","code":"C155773","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both wild type and mutant forms of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FLT3 inhibitor SKI-G-801 binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3, including FLT3-ITD (internal tandem duplications), FLT3-D835Y as well as other mutants. This inhibits uncontrolled FLT3 signaling and results in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing FLT3. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias, and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. In addition, SKI-G-801 also inhibits, to a lesser degree, the receptor tyrosine kinases AXL (UFO), Mer, Ret, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1), Fms, fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) 1 and 3, and the serine/threonine kinases Aurora B and C.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLT3 Inhibitor SKI-G-801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FLT3 Inhibitor SKI-G-801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLT3 Kinase Inhibitor SKI-G-801","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLT3 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SKI-G-801","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-749 HCl Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-749 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKI-G-801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556252"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794986"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794986"}]}}{"C123362":{"preferredName":"FLT3 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TTT-3002","code":"C123362","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable indolocarbazole derivative and inhibitor of constitutively active mutant forms of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Following administration, FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor TTT-3002 binds to and inhibits ligand-dependent dimerization and autophosphorylation of mutant forms of FLT3 with constitutively activating mutations, including FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3/ITD) and the activating point mutation D835Y. Prevention of autophosphorylation inhibits uncontrolled FLT3 signaling and may result in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells expressing constitutively active mutant forms of FLT3. The ability of TTT-3002 to inhibit FLT3 proteins with activating point mutations may result in increased efficacy because the activity of these mutants are resistant to other FLT3 kinase inhibitors. FLT3, a tyrosine kinase receptor, plays a role in the regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation, and in leukemic cell proliferation and survival. Constitutively activating mutations of FLT3 are the most frequent genetic alterations in acute myeloid leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLT3 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TTT-3002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FLT3 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TTT-3002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTT-3002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3850293"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C116858":{"preferredName":"FLT3/ABL/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor KW-2449","code":"C116858","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, STK1, or FLK2), the tyrosine kinase ABL, and aurora kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FLT3/ABL/Aurora kinase inhibitor KW-2449 specifically binds to and inhibits both wild-type and mutated forms of FLT3, ABL and aurora kinases, which both interferes with the activation of signal transduction pathways mediated by these kinases and reduces the proliferation of susceptible cancer cells. FLT3 and ABL kinases are upregulated in certain tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Aurora kinases, serine-threonine kinases overexpressed by a wide variety of cancer cell types, play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLT3/ABL/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor KW-2449","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FLT3/ABL/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor KW-2449","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW-2449","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831922"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496931"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496931"}]}}{"C120209":{"preferredName":"FLT3/CDK4/6 Inhibitor FLX925","code":"C120209","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, STK1, or FLK2) and the cyclin-dependent kinases 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FLT3/CDK4/6 inhibitor FLX925 specifically binds to and inhibits FLT3, which interferes with the activation of FLT3-mediated signal transduction pathways and reduces cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress FLT3. In addition FLX925 inhibits CDK4 and 6 and prevents the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein in early G1. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, which causes G1 phase cell cycle arrest, suppresses DNA synthesis and inhibits cancer cell growth. FLT3, a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers. Overexpression of CDK4/6, which is seen in certain types of cancer, causes cell cycle deregulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLT3/CDK4/6 Inhibitor FLX925","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FLT3/CDK4/6 Inhibitor FLX925","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLX925","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896859"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768269"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768269"}]}}{"C101520":{"preferredName":"FLT3/KIT Kinase Inhibitor AKN-028","code":"C101520","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor for FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; STK1) and stem cell factor receptor (SCFR; KIT), with potential antineoplastic activity. FLT3/KIT kinase inhibitor AKN-028 binds to and inhibits both the wild-type and mutated forms of FLT3 and SCFR. This may result in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in cancer cell types that overexpress these receptor tyrosine kinases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AKN-028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVT-II","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLT3/KIT Kinase Inhibitor AKN-028","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3852612"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"731885"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"731885"}]}}{"C101519":{"preferredName":"Edicotinib","code":"C101519","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and orally available inhibitor of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R; FMS) with potential antineoplastic activity. Edicotinib blocks the receptor-ligand interaction between FMS and its ligand CSF1, thereby preventing autophosphorylation of FMS. As a result, unphosphorylated FMS can not activate FMS-mediated signaling pathways, thus potentially inhibiting cell proliferation in FMS-overexpressed tumor cells. FMS, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and plays an essential role in macrophage differentiation, recruitment, and activation as well as the regulation of cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Imidazole-2-carboxamide, 5-Cyano-N-(2-(4,4-dimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-6-(tetrahydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-4-yl)-3-pyridinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Cyano-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylic acid N-(2-(4,4-dimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)-6-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyltetrahydropyran-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)amide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Cyano-N-(2-(4,4-dimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-6-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDICOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Edicotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Edicotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-40346527","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640124"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1142363-52-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3NU609VYNF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730665"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730665"}]}}{"C141298":{"preferredName":"FPV Vaccine CV301","code":"C141298","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant fowlpox viral (FPV) vector encoding both the two human tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and mucin-1 (MUC-1), and TRICOM, which is comprised of the three human immune-enhancing co-stimulatory molecules B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration following the administration of a proprietary modified vaccinia Ankara developed by Bavarian Nordic-based prime vaccine MVA-BN-CV301, the FPV vaccine CV301, which is used as a booster vaccine, activates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA- and MUC-1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, the CV301-dependent anti-tumor CTL response upregulates the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1); therefore, when FPV-CV301 is combined with a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitor, the antitumor effect may be increased. The TAAs CEA and MUC-1 are overexpressed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Boost Vaccine FPV-CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPV Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FPV Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPV-CV-301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPV-CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fowlpox-based FPV-CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539397"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797362"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797362"}]}}{"C148402":{"preferredName":"FPV-Brachyury-TRICOM Vaccine","code":"C148402","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant fowlpox viral (FPV) vector encoding the human transcription factor and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) brachyury, and a triad of T-cell co-stimulatory molecules (TRICOM), which is comprised of the three human immune-enhancing co-stimulatory molecules B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration occurring after the administration of a proprietary modified vaccinia Ankara developed by Bavarian Nordic-based prime vaccine (MVA-BN-brachyury), the booster vaccine FPV-brachyury vaccine potentiates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against brachyury-expressing tumor cells. The expression of brachyury, a member of the T-box family of transcription factors that is overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types, is correlated with increased epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer resistance, cancer progression and metastasis. TRICOM enhances antigen-specific T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FPV-Brachyury","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPV-Brachyury Boost Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPV-Brachyury-TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FPV-Brachyury-TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551011"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C129313":{"preferredName":"Factor VII-targeting Immunoconjugate Protein ICON-1","code":"C129313","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoconjugate (ICON) fusion protein composed of a modified version of human factor VII (FVII) which targets tissue factor (TF) that is fused to the Fc domain of the human immunoglobulin G1, with potential anti-thrombotic and antineoplastic activities. Acting in a similar manner as plasma FVII, the natural ligand of TF, ICON-1 targets and binds to TF expressed on neovascular endothelia, thereby preventing TF-mediated signaling pathways, and leading to the initiation of an immune response and the destruction of neovascular tissue. This prevents angiogenesis, inflammation and blood coagulation. Upon intravitreal administration, ICON-1 may block TF-induced angiogenesis and treat wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and ocular melanoma. TF, a naturally occurring glycoprotein in humans, regulates blood clotting, angiogenesis, and inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FVII Modified Conjugate ICON-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FVII-targeting Immunoconjugate Protein ICON-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Factor VII-targeting Immunoconjugate Protein ICON-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Factor VII-targeting Immunoconjugate Protein ICON-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Immuno-conjugate 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICON-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VII-Fc Fusion Protein ICON-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512298"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783145"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783145"}]}}{"C88324":{"preferredName":"Factor VIIa Inhibitor PCI-27483","code":"C88324","definitions":[{"description":"A reversible small-molecule inhibitor of activated factor VII (factor VIIa) with potential antineoplastic and antithrombotic activities. FVII, a serine protease, becomes activated (FVIIa) upon binding with TF forming the FVIIa/TF complex, which induces intracellular signaling pathways by activating protease activated receptor 2 (PAR-2). Upon subcutaneous administration, factor VIIa inhibitor PCI-27483 selectively inhibits factor FVIIa in the VIIa/TF complex, which may prevent PAR-2 activation and PAR2-mediated signal transduction pathways, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis of TF-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent inhibits both the extrinsic and intrinsic coagulation cascades, preventing blood clot formation. TF, a blood protein overexpressed on the cell surface of a variety of tumor cell types, may correlate with poor prognosis; PAR-2 (also known as thrombin receptor-like 1) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and a protease-activated receptor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Factor VIIa Inhibitor PCI-27483","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCI-27483","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413585"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661024"}]}}{"C1044":{"preferredName":"Fadrozole Hydrochloride","code":"C1044","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor fadrozole with potential antineoplastic activity. Fadrozole specifically inhibits aromatase, blocking the aromatization of androstenedione and testosterone into estrone and estradiol, respectively, the final step in estrogen biosynthesis; the reduction in estrogen levels may inhibit growth in estrogen-dependent cancers. Aromatase, a member of the cytochrome P-450 superfamily, is found in many tissues; overexpression has been linked to the development of preneoplastic and neoplastic changes in breast tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroimidazo(1,5-a)pyridin-5-yl)benzonitrile Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-(5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-yl)benzonitrile Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Afema","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arensin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGS-16949A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FADROZOLE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fadrozole Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0917743"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"102676-96-0"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"102676-31-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H0Q44H4ECQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41025"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41025"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H13N3.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fadrozole_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C29316":{"preferredName":"Falimarev","code":"C29316","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine made with a form of a chicken virus that does not cause disease in humans. It is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. The virus is changed in the laboratory to make human proteins that may help immune cells in the body kill tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant fowlpox viral vector encoding the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), MUC-1, a transmembrane glycoprotein secreted by glandular epithelial tissues, and TRICOM, comprised of three co-stimulatory molecule transgenes (B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3). This agent may enhance CEA and MUC-1 presentation to antigen-presenting cells (APC) and may activate a cytotoxic T-cell response against CEA- and MUC-1-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Falimarev","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Falimarev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fowlpox-CEA(D609)-MUC1(L93)-TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fowlpox-CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANVAC-F","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fCEA-MUC-1-TRI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"falimarev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rFowlpox-CEA(D609)/MUC1(L93)/TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"recombinant fowlpox-CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"727027"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541350"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"685563-14-8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385667"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385667"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"rFowlpox-CEA_D609_MUC1_L93_TRICOM"}]}}{"C97512":{"preferredName":"Famitinib","code":"C97512","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Famitinib binds to and inhibits several RTKs, dysregulated in a variety of tumors, including stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit; SCFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2 and 3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and FMS-like tyrosine kinases Flt1 and Flt3. Inhibition of these RTKs may result in an inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and eventually tumor regression in tumor cells overexpressing these RTKs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4H-pyrrolo(3,2-c)pyridin-4-one, 5-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-2-((5-fluoro-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3h-indol-3-ylidene)methyl)-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAMITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Famitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-1020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR1020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273460"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"768FW21J3L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703815"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703815"}]}}{"C61503":{"preferredName":"Farletuzumab","code":"C61503","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody with potential antitumor activity. Farletuzumab specifically targets at glycoprotein 3 (GP-3), a cell surface antigen that is overexpressed on many epithelial-derived cancer cells. Upon binding to the GP-3 antigen, farletuzumab triggers a host immune response against GP-3 expressing cells resulting in cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FARLETUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Farletuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Farletuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORAb-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700602"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"896723-44-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2O09BG0OWA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486728"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486728"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-GP-3_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C1840":{"preferredName":"Farnesyltransferase/Geranylgeranyltransferase Inhibitor L-778,123","code":"C1840","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called enzyme inhibitors. It may inhibit the transformation of normal cells into cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benzonitrile derivative capable of inhibiting some prenyltransferases. L-778,123 is a dual inhibitor of farnesyl:protein and geranylgeranyl:protein transferases; both enzymes catalyze prenylation of oncoprotein KRAS, a prerequisite step in activation of KRAS in signal transduction pathway of apoptosis. Although this agent was developed in part as an anti-KRAS agent, L-778,123 failed in a Phase I trial to inhibit KRAS, which is associated with many types of solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[[5-[[4-(3-Chlorophenyl)-3-oxo-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-1H-imidazol-1-yl]methyl]benzonitrile Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"4-[[5-[[4-(3-Chlorophenyl)-3-oxo-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-1H-imidazol-1-yl]methyl]benzonitrile Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Farnesyltransferase/Geranylgeranyltransferase Inhibitor L-778,123","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L 778123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-778,123","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"L-778123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796327"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"253863-00-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43144"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43144"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"L-778_123"}]}}{"C67041":{"preferredName":"Fas Receptor Agonist APO010","code":"C67041","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, soluble, hexameric fusion protein consisting of three human Fas ligand (FasL) extracellular domains fused to the dimer-forming collagen domain of human adiponectin with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Assembled into a soluble hexameric structure mimicking the ligand clustering of endogenous active FasL, Fas receptor agonist APO010 activates the Fas receptor, resulting in caspase-dependent apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations. FasL is a transmembrane protein of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily and a pro-apoptotic ligand for the death receptor Fas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APO010","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fas Receptor Agonist APO010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mega-FasLigand","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879517"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539307"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539307"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"APO010"}]}}{"C142086":{"preferredName":"Fascin Inhibitor NP-G2-044","code":"C142086","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the protein fascin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, NP-G2-044 targets and binds to fascin, thereby preventing the interaction of fascin with actin filaments, thereby preventing actin bundling and filopodia formation. By preventing actin cytoskeletal reorganization, the dynamic changes in cell shape that are necessary for tumor cell migration and invasion to occur are impaired, and tumor cell migration and metastasis are inhibited. Fascin, the main actin cross-linker protein in filopodia, is upregulated in many types of metastatic tumor cells while its expression is low or absent in normal adult epithelial cells; its expression is correlated with aggressive phenotypes, poor prognosis, and shorter survival. Filopodia, finger-like plasma membrane protrusions that are formed upon remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, are found at a high frequency in metastatic tumor cells and their presence is correlated with tumor cell invasiveness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methyl-N-(1-((4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methyl)-1H-indazol-3-yl)-3-furancarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fascin Inhibitor NP-G2-044","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fascin Inhibitor NP-G2-044","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NP G2 044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NP-G2-044","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"NP-G2-044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540124"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1807454-59-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1ER2O3UZ4W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793138"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793138"}]}}{"C1096":{"preferredName":"Fazarabine","code":"C1096","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active pyrimidine analogue of an aza-substituted cytidine in which the ribose moiety is replaced by an arabinose sugar. Similar in action to cytarabine, fazarabine is phosphorylated by deoxycytidine kinase to a triphosphate form which competes with thymidine for incorporation into DNA; its incorporation into DNA inhibits DNA synthesis, resulting in tumor cell death and tumor necrosis. The presence of deoxycytidine kinase in a tumor is a determinant of tumor sensitivity to this drug. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3, 5-Triazin-2(1H)-one, 4-Amino-1-beta-D- arabinofuranosyl- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,3, 5-Triazin-2(1H)-one, 4-amino-1-.beta.-D- arabinofuranosyl- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-.beta.-D-Arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-Beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ara AC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ara AC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAZARABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fazarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fazarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kymarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Kymarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ara-AC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fazarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"281272"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0060103"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65886-71-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5V71D8JOKK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40564"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40564"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H12N4O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fazarabine"}]}}{"C65629":{"preferredName":"Febuxostat","code":"C65629","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, non-purine inhibitor of xanthine oxidase with uric acid lowering activity. Upon oral administration, febuxostat selectively and noncompetitively inhibits the activity of xanthine oxidase, an enzyme that converts oxypurines, including hypoxanthine and xanthine, into uric acid. By inhibiting xanthine oxidase, uric acid production is reduced and serum uric acid levels are lowered. Febuxostat may provide protection against acute renal failure caused by the excessive release of uric acid that occurs upon massive tumor cell lysis resulting from the treatment of some malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(3-Cyano-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl)-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenuric","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FEBUXOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Febuxostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMX 67","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uloric","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"16339094"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0249529"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"144060-53-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"101V0R1N2E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743107"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743107"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H16N2O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Febuxostat"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31596"}]}}{"C88293":{"preferredName":"Fedratinib","code":"C88293","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, ATP-competitive inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fedratinib competes with wild-type JAK2 as well as mutated forms for ATP binding, which may result in inhibition of JAK2 activation, inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. JAK2 is the most commonly mutated gene in bcr-abl-negative myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs). In addition, fedratinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3. This inhibits uncontrolled FLT3 signaling and results in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing FLT3. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-((5-methyl-2-((4-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethoxy)phenyl)amino)-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FEDRATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fedratinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fedratinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR302503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG101348","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2353170"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"936091-26-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6L1XP550I6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C162995":{"preferredName":"Fedratinib Hydrochloride","code":"C162995","definitions":[{"description":"The monohydrate dihydrochloride salt form of fedratinib, an orally bioavailable, small-molecule, ATP-competitive inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fedratinib competes with wild-type JAK2 as well as mutated forms for ATP binding, which may result in inhibition of JAK2 activation, inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. JAK2 is the most commonly mutated gene in bcr-abl-negative myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs). In addition, fedratinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3. This inhibits uncontrolled FLT3 signaling and results in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing FLT3. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, N-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3-((5-methyl-2-((4-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethoxy)phenyl)amino)-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)-, Hydrochloride, Hydrate (1:2:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FEDRATINIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fedratinib Dihydrochloride Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fedratinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inrebic","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-tert-butyl-3-((5-methyl-2-((4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino) Benzenesulfonamide Dihydrochloride Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR302503a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1374744-69-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UH9J2HBQWJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657793"}]}}{"C116844":{"preferredName":"Fenebrutinib","code":"C116844","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, fenebrutinib inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways, which leads to the inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in B-lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor GDC-0853","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FENEBRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fenebrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fenebrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471757"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E9L2885WUL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755178"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755178"}]}}{"C1098":{"preferredName":"Fenretinide","code":"C1098","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment and prevention of some types of cancer. Fenretinide may cause ceramide (a wax-like substance) to build up in tumor cells and kill them. It is a type of retinoid, which are substances related to vitamin A.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active synthetic phenylretinamide analogue of retinol (vitamin A) with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Fenretinide binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis in some tumor cell types. This agent also inhibits tumor growth by modulating angiogenesis-associated growth factors and their receptors and exhibits retinoid receptor-independent apoptotic properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(all-trans-retino-yl)aminophenol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-HPR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Hydroxyphenylretinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"All-trans-4'-Hydroxyretinanilide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FENRETINIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fenretinide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Fenretinide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fenretinide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fenretinide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fenretinimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPR-4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"McN-R-1967","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"all-trans-4'-hydroxyretinanilide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"all-trans-N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)retinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"all-trans-N-4'-hydroxyretinanilide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fenretinide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"374551"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0060197"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65646-68-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"187EJ7QEXL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39582"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39582"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H33NO2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fenretinide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:42588"}]}}{"C63482":{"preferredName":"Fenretinide Lipid Matrix","code":"C63482","definitions":[{"description":"A powdered form of fenretinide that is being studied in the treatment of neuroblastoma. It may be used by the body more easily than the pill form. Fenretinide may cause ceramide (a wax-like substance) to build up in tumor cells and kill them. It is a type of retinoid, which are substances related to vitamin A.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable powder formulation of a synthetic phenylretinamide analogue of retinol with potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Fenretinide binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis in some tumor cell types, including those of the colon, breast, prostate, and neuroblastoma. Independent of RAR activation, this agent also modulates gene expression that leads to ceramide-induced, caspase-independent programmed cell death (PCD) via effectors such as ganglioside GD3 and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Compared to the capsule form, the powder contains a mixture of wheat flour, fats, and sugar that may contribute to the enhanced bioavailability of fenretinide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fenretinide LXS","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fenretinide Lipid Matrix","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fenretinide Lipid Matrix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fenretinide Lym-X-Sorb","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fenretinide LXS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"fenretinide Lym-X-Sorb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831747"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468556"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468556"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fenretinide_Lipid_Matrix"}]}}{"C94210":{"preferredName":"Fibromun","code":"C94210","definitions":[{"description":"An immunocytokine consisting of human pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) fused to a human single-chain variable fragment (scFv) directed against the extra-domain B (ED-B) of fibronectin (L19), with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. The L19 moiety of recombinant human fusion protein L19TNFalpha binds to the ED-B domain of fibronectin on tumor cells in the tumor neovasculature. In turn, the TNFalpha moiety may locally induce an immune response against ED-B fibronectin-expressing tumor cells and may specifically decrease the proliferation of ED-B-expressing tumor cells. ED-B is predominantly expressed during angiogenesis and tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibromun","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L19-TNF-alpha","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Fusion Protein L19TNFalpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426023"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686947"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686947"}]}}{"C78844":{"preferredName":"Ficlatuzumab","code":"C78844","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ficlatuzumab binds to the soluble ligand HGF, preventing the binding of HGF to its receptor c-Met and activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway, which may result in cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AV-299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HGF Monoclonal Antibody SCH900105","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FICLATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ficlatuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ficlatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 900105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703138"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1174900-84-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"77E89833TG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610133"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610133"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-HGF_Monoclonal_Antibody_SCH900105"}]}}{"C52187":{"preferredName":"Figitumumab","code":"C52187","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor type I receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Figitumumab selectively binds to IGF1R, preventing insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF1) from binding to the receptor and subsequent receptor autophosphorylation. Inhibition of IGF1R autophosphorylation may result in a reduction in receptor expression on tumor cells that express IGF1R, a reduction in the anti-apoptotic effect of IGF, and inhibition of tumor growth. IGF1R is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed on most tumor cells and is involved in mitogenesis, angiogenesis, and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CP-751,871","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-751871","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGITUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Figitumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Figitumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713009"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"943453-46-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VE267FC2UB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456793"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CP-751871"}]}}{"C68937":{"preferredName":"Filanesib","code":"C68937","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, small molecule targeting the kinesin spindle protein (KSP) with potential antineoplastic activity. Filanesib specifically inhibits KSP (kinesin-5 or Eg5), resulting in activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint, induction of cell cycle arrest during the mitotic phase, and consequently cell death in tumor cells that are actively dividing. Because KSP is not involved in postmitotic processes, such as neuronal transport, this agent does not cause the peripheral neuropathy that is often associated with tubulin-targeting agents. KSP is an ATP-dependent microtubule motor protein that is essential for the formation of bipolar spindles and the proper segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3,4-Thiadiazole-3(2H)-carboxamide, 2-(3-Aminopropyl)-5-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methyl-2-phenyl-, (2S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY-520","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY520","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FILANESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Filanesib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Filanesib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346611"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"885060-09-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8A49OSO368"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"546990"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"546990"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"KSP_Inhibitor_ARRY-520"}]}}{"C155799":{"preferredName":"Filgotinib","code":"C155799","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), with potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, filgotinib specifically targets, binds to, and inhibits the phosphorylation of JAK1, which interferes with JAK/STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription)-dependent signaling. As JAK1 mediates signaling of many pro-inflammatory cytokines, JAK1 inhibition prevents cytokine signaling and activity in many inflammatory and immune-mediated processes and leads to a decrease in inflammation and activation of certain immune cells. JAK1 plays a key role in the signaling and activity of many cytokines and growth factors and is often dysregulated in a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, as well as some malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FILGOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Filgotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLPG 0634","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLPG0634","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-6034","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556330"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1206161-97-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3XVL385Q0M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1474":{"preferredName":"Filgrastim","code":"C1474","definitions":[{"description":"A colony-stimulating factor that stimulates the production of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell). It is a cytokine that is a type of hematopoietic (blood-forming) agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant, non-glycosylated cytokine which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) isoform B, with immunomodulating activity. Filgrastim binds to and activates G-CSF receptors with the same biological activity and stability as the endogenous cytokine, thereby controlling the production, differentiation, and function of neutrophilic granulocyte progenitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FILGRASTIM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Filgrastim","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Filgrastim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-CSF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neupogen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Methionyl Human Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tevagrastim","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"filgrastim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"r-metHuG-CSF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rG-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"614629"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0210630"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"121181-53-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Aplastic neutropenia; Bone marrow transplantation; Cancer patients receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy; Congenital neutropenia; Idiopathic or cyclic neutropenia; Peripheral blood progenitor cell mobilization"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PVI5M0M1GW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41057"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41057"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Filgrastim"}]}}{"C104008":{"preferredName":"Fimepinostat","code":"C104008","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) class I and pan histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fimepinostat inhibits the activity of both PI3K class I isoforms and HDAC, thereby preventing the activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal transduction pathway that is often overactivated in many cancer cell types. This may prevent growth of PI3K and/or HDAC-expressing tumor cells. CUDC-907 shows an increased inhibition of tumor cell growth and induction of apoptosis when compared to inhibitors that target either PI3K or HDAC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CUDC-907","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIMEPINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fimepinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fimepinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3530053"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1339928-25-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3S9RX35S5X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743908"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743908"}]}}{"C70651":{"preferredName":"Firtecan Pegol","code":"C70651","definitions":[{"description":"A polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugate of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin with potential antineoplastic activity. After hydrolysis in vivo, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38), an active metabolite of irinotecan, is released from firtecan pegol; 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, resulting in single-stranded and double-stranded DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication, and the induction of apoptosis. This agent is designed to deliver the active metabolite to tumor cells without the need for conversion as is the case with irinotecan. Compared to unPEGylated 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin, PEGylation improves solubility and allows for parental delivery, and may result in a longer half-life and higher exposure for tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EZN-2208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIRTECAN PEGOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Firtecan Pegol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Firtecan Pegol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-SN38","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha,alpha',alpha'',alpha'''-(oxydi-3,1,2-propanetriyl)tetrakis(omega-(2-((2-(((4S)- 4,11-diethyl-9-hydroxy-3,4,12,14-tetrahydro-3,14-dioxo-1H-pyrano(3',4':6,7) indolizino(1,2-b)quinolin-4-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-2-oxoethoxy)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347621"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946062-05-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WC4978T687"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570645"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570645"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Polyethyleneglycol-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin"}]}}{"C123826":{"preferredName":"Fisogatinib","code":"C123826","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fisogatinib specifically binds to and blocks the binding of the ligand FGF19 to FGFR4. This prevents the activation of FGFR4, inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing cells. FGFR4 is a receptor tyrosine kinase and is involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and survival. FGF19 is overexpressed by certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenamide, N-((3S,4S)-3-((6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-quinazolinyl)amino)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU 554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU-554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS 3008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-3008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS3008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FISOGATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Inhibitor BLU-554","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fisogatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fisogatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-((3S,4S)-3-((6-(2,6-Dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)quinazolin-2-yl)amino)oxan-4-yl)prop-2-enamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498220"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1707289-21-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5Q7R99CKV2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775629"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775629"}]}}{"C91384":{"preferredName":"Flanvotumab","code":"C91384","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the melanosomal membrane protein gp75 (or Tyrosinase-Related Protein 1 (TRP1)) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-gp75 monoclonal antibody IMC-20D7S targets and binds to gp75. This may lead to the induction of cytotoxic T cell immune and antibody-mediated immune responses against melanoma cells expressing gp75. gp75, a pigmentation-associated antigen, is expressed in melanosomes of human melanocytes and melanomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-gp75 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-20D7S","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLANVOTUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Flanvotumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Flanvotumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-20D7S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC20D7S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421598"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1188277-05-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZNV4738BS6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675217"}]}}{"C117238":{"preferredName":"Flotetuzumab","code":"C117238","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-CD123/anti-CD3 bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Flotetuzumab possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD123, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of flotetuzumab, this bispecific antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and CD123-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CD123-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated cell lysis of CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123, the interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain, is overexpressed in a variety of hematological malignancies; its expression is low or absent in normal hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD123 x CD3 DART Bi-Specific Antibody MGD006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123 x CD3 Dual Affinity Re-Targeting Bi-Specific Antibody MGD006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLOTETUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Flotetuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Flotetuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RES234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S80880","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474112"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1664355-28-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0AHT0IC02G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763236"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763236"}]}}{"C504":{"preferredName":"Floxuridine","code":"C504","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fluorinated pyrimidine monophosphate analogue of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-phosphate (FUDR-MP) with antineoplastic activity. As an antimetabolite, floxuridine inhibits thymidylate synthase, resulting in disruption of DNA synthesis and cytotoxicity. This agent is also metabolized to fluorouracil and other metabolites that can be incorporated into RNA and inhibit the utilization of preformed uracil in RNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-5-fluorouracil","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-FUDR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-FUdR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-2'-deoxy-beta-uridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluorodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Fluorodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluorouracil Deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluorouracil deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Fluorouridine Deoxyribose","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FDUR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLOXURIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"FUDR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"FUdR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Floxuridin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Floxuridin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Floxuridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Floxuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fluorodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorouridine Deoxyribose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluoruridine Deoxyribose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluoruridine deoxyribose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"WR-138720","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"floxuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"27640"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016343"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-91-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma metastatic to the liver"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"039LU44I5M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39242"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39242"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11FN2O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Floxuridine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:60761"}]}}{"C151407":{"preferredName":"Flt3/MerTK Inhibitor MRX-2843","code":"C151407","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of two receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (Flt3; CD135; fetal liver kinase-2; Flk2) and tyrosine-protein kinase Mer (MerTK; proto-oncogene c-Mer; Mer), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MRX-2843 targets and binds to both Flt3 and MerTK. This prevents ligand-dependent phosphorylation and activation of Flt3 and MerTK, which inhibits the activation of their downstream signaling pathways. This induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of Flt3- and/or MerTK-overexpressing tumor cells. Flt3 and MerTK, are overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Flt3/MerTK Inhibitor MRX-2843","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Flt3/MerTK Inhibitor MRX-2843","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRX 2843","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRX-2843","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRX2843","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553239"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793562"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793562"}]}}{"C1094":{"preferredName":"Fludarabine","code":"C1094","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to treat B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) that has not responded to treatment with other anticancer drugs or that has gotten worse. Fludarabine blocks cells from making DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of purine antagonist and a type of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fluorinated nucleotide antimetabolite analog of the antiviral agent vidarabine (ara-A) with antineoplastic activity. Administered parenterally as a phosphate salt, fludarabine phosphate is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active triphosphate, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. This metabolite may inhibit DNA polymerase alpha, ribonucleotide reductase and DNA primase, thereby interrupting DNA synthesis and inhibiting tumor cell growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Fluoro-9-beta-arabinofuranosyladenine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Fluorovidarabine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoro-9H-purin-6-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUDARABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fludarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluradosa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fludarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"118218"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059985"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"21679-14-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia; Indolent Non - Hodkins Lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P2K93U8740"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H12FN5O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fludarabine"}]}}{"C1102":{"preferredName":"Fludarabine Phosphate","code":"C1102","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) that has not responded to treatment with other anticancer drugs or that has gotten worse. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Fludara blocks cells from making DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of purine antagonist and a type of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The phosphate salt of a fluorinated nucleotide antimetabolite analog of the antiviral agent vidarabine (ara-A) with antineoplastic activity. Fludarabine phosphate is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active triphosphate, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. This metabolite may inhibit DNA polymerase alpha, ribonucleotide reductase and DNA primase, thereby interrupting DNA synthesis and inhibiting tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-F-ara-AMP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9H-Purin-6-amine, 2-fluoro-9-(5-O-phosphono-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"9H-purin-6-amine, 2-fluoro-9-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beneflur","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUDARABINE PHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fludara","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Fludara","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fludarabine Phosphate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fludarabine Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fludarabine-5'-Monophosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oforta","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SH T 586","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fludarabine phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"328002"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"312887"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0060483"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"75607-67-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1X9VK9O1SC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39244"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39244"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H13FN5O7P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fludarabine_Phosphate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63599"}]}}{"C138991":{"preferredName":"Flumatinib","code":"C138991","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable tyrosine kinase inhibitor flumatinib, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, flumatinib inhibits the wild-type forms of Bcr-Abl, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (SCFR; c-Kit) and forms of these proteins with certain point mutations. This results in the inhibition of both Bcr-Abl-, PDGFR- and c-Kit-mediated signal transduction pathways, and the proliferation of tumor cells in which these kinases are overexpressed. Bcr-Abl fusion protein is an abnormal, constitutively active enzyme expressed in Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). PDGFR, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to cell migration and the development of the microvasculature. c-kit, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated and constitutively activated in certain tumors, plays a key role in tumor cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(4-Methyl-piperazin-1-ylmethyl)-N-[6-methyl-5-(4-pyridin-3-yl-pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-pyridin-3-yl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUMATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Flumatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH-GV-678","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH-GV678","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3888332"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"895519-90-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R4009Y24AI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763682"}]}}{"C117723":{"preferredName":"Flumatinib Mesylate","code":"C117723","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable, mesylate salt form of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor flumatinib, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, flumatinib inhibits the wild-type forms of Bcr-Abl, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (SCFR; c-Kit) and forms of these proteins with certain point mutations. This results in the inhibition of both Bcr-Abl-, PDGFR- and c-Kit-mediated signal transduction pathways, and the proliferation of tumor cells in which these kinases are overexpressed. Bcr-Abl fusion protein is an abnormal, constitutively active enzyme expressed in Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). PDGFR, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to cell migration and the development of the microvasculature. c-kit, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated and constitutively activated in certain tumors, plays a key role in tumor cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(4-Methyl-piperazin-1-ylmethyl)-N-[6-methyl-5-(4-pyridin-3-yl-pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-pyridin-3-yl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzamide Mesylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUMATINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Flumatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH-GV-678 Mesylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH-GV678 Mesylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2973571"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"895519-91-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"95Y8L63NBC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763682"}]}}{"C29042":{"preferredName":"Fluorodopan","code":"C29042","definitions":[{"description":"An alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Fluorodopan alkylates DNA at the N7 position of guanine. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and, in some cases, chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA replication and cell division. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fluorodopan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"73754"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0060560"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"834-91-3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fluorodopan"}]}}{"C505":{"preferredName":"Fluorouracil","code":"C505","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat symptoms of cancer of the colon, breast, stomach, and pancreas. It is also used in a cream to treat certain skin conditions. Fluorouracil stops cells from making DNA and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the nucleoside pyrimidine with antineoplastic activity. Fluorouracil and its metabolites possess a number of different mechanisms of action. In vivo, fluoruracil is converted to the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate (F-UMP); replacing uracil, F-UMP incorporates into RNA and inhibits RNA processing, thereby inhibiting cell growth. Another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate (F-dUMP), inhibits thymidylate synthase, resulting in the depletion of thymidine triphosphate (TTP), one of the four nucleotide triphosphates used in the in vivo synthesis of DNA. Other fluorouracil metabolites incorporate into both RNA and DNA; incorporation into RNA results in major effects on both RNA processing and functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Dioxo-5-fluoropyrimidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5 FU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5 Fluorouracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5 Fluorouracilum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-FU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"5-FU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-2,4(1H, 3H)-pyrimidinedione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluorouracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Fluorouracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fu","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-fluorouracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"5FU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AccuSite","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrucil","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUOROURACIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fluoro Uracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorouracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Fluorouracil","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fluorouracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluouracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flurablastin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluracedyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fluracil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluril","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fluril","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluroblastin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribofluor","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 2-9757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ro-2-9757","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fluorouracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"19893"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016360"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51-21-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Palliative treatment: Colorectal cancer, Breast cancer, Stomach cancer, Pancreatic cancer. Topical treatment for the following: Superficial basal cell carcinoma that cannot be treated with surgery, and Actinic keratosis."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U3P01618RT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43130"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43130"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H3FN2O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fluorouracil"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:46345"}]}}{"C90544":{"preferredName":"Fluorouracil Implant","code":"C90544","definitions":[{"description":"An implant containing a sustained release particle of fluorouracil, an antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the nucleoside pyrimidine, with antineoplastic activity. Upon implantation and subsequent release, fluorouracil is converted into the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate that competes with the pyrimidine uracil during RNA synthesis while another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate, inhibits thymidylate synthase and thus DNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fluorouracil Implant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinofuan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416225"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665364"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665364"}]}}{"C17877":{"preferredName":"Fluorouracil-E Therapeutic Implant","code":"C17877","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable collagen matrix gel containing the antimetabolite fluorouracil and the sympathicomimetic agent epinephrine with potential antineoplastic activity. After intratumoral injection, fluorouracil is converted into the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate that competes with uracil during RNA synthesis while another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate, inhibits thymidylate synthase and, so, DNA synthesis. Epinephrine, a potent vasoconstrictor, is added to the gel to enhance penetration of fluorouracil into tumor tissue and reduce dispersion to surrounding tissues, thus enhancing the local concentration of fluorouracil. Compared to systemic administration, the intratumoral injection of fluorouracil combined with epinephrine may increase fluorouracil's chemotherapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-FU-e TI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-FU/epi gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluorouracil/epi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorouracil-E Therapeutic Implant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorouracil-E Therapeutic Implant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorouracil-epinephrine therapeutic implant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorouracil/epi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281426"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41859"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41859"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fluorouracil-E_Therapeutic_Implant"}]}}{"C507":{"preferredName":"Fluoxymesterone","code":"C507","definitions":[{"description":"A halogenated derivative of 17-alpha-methyltestosterone. Similar to testosterone, fluoxymesterone binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors, resulting in an increase in protein anabolism, a decrease in amino acid catabolism, and retention of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus. This agent also may competitively inhibit prolactin receptors and estrogen receptors, thereby inhibiting the growth of hormone-dependent tumor lines. Fluoxymesterone is approximately five times more potent than methyltestosterone. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(11Beta,17beta)-9-fluoro-11,17-dihydroxy-17-methylandrost-4-en-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"11Beta,17beta-dihydroxy-9alpha-fluoro-17alpha-methyl-4-androsten-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9Alpha-fluoro-11beta-hydroxy-17alpha-methyltestosterone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androfluorene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Androfluorene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Android-F","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androsterolo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Androsterolo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androxy","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUOXYMESTERONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"FXM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluoxymesterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fluoxymesterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halodrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halotestin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Halotestin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ora Testryl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ora-Testryl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ora-testryl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oratestin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oratestin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stenox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testoral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Testoral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultandren","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ultandren","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"12165"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016366"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"76-43-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9JU12S4YFY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"494707"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"494707"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H29FO3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fluoxymesterone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:5120"}]}}{"C509":{"preferredName":"Flutamide","code":"C509","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is a type of antiandrogen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A toluidine derivative and a nonsteroidal antiandrogen that is structurally related to bicalutamide and nilutamide. Flutamide and its more potent active metabolite 2-hydroxyflutamide competitively block dihydrotestosterone binding at androgen receptors, forming inactive complexes which cannot translocate into the cell nucleus. Formation of inactive receptors inhibits androgen-dependent DNA and protein synthesis, resulting in tumor cell growth arrest or transient tumor regression. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methyl-N-[4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Nitro-3'-trifluoromethylisobutyranilide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4'-Nitro-3'-trifluoromethylisobutyranilide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-2-methy-4'-nitro-m-propionotoluidide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apimid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cebatrol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chimax","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytomid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Drogenil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Euflex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eulexin","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eulexine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUTAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Flucinom","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flucinome","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flugerel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluken","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flulem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluta-Gry","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flutabene","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flutacan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flutamex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Flutamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Flutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flutamin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flutan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flutaplex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fugerel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grisetin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Niftolide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncosal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Profamid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanamide, 2-Methyl-N-(4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostacur","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostadirex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostica","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostogenat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 13521","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sch 13521","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tafenil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tecnoflut","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testotard","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"flutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"215876"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"147834"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016384"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"13311-84-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hirsutism; Prostate carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"76W6J0943E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39811"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39811"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H11F3N2O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Flutamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:5132"}]}}{"C61768":{"preferredName":"Fluvastatin","code":"C61768","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic lipid-lowering agent with antilipidemic and potential antineoplastic properties. Fluvastatin competitively inhibits hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels, and modulates immune responses through the suppression of MHC II (major histocompatibility complex II) on interferon gamma-stimulated antigen-presenting cells such as human vascular endothelial cells. Due to its anti-inflammatory effects mediated by alterations of lipid metabolism, fluvastatin may possess chemopreventive and therapeutic antineoplastic properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLUVASTATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fluvastatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0082608"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"93957-54-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4L066368AS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H26FNO4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fluvastatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:5136"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38561"}]}}{"C29062":{"preferredName":"Fluvastatin Sodium","code":"C29062","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of a synthetic lipid-lowering agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Fluvastatin competitively inhibits hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels, and modulates immune responses through the suppression of MHC II (major histocompatibility complex II) on interferon gamma-stimulated, antigen-presenting cells such as human vascular endothelial cells. Through the inhibition of mevalonate synthesis, statins, like fluvastatin, have been shown to inhibit the production of dolichol, geranylpyrophosphate (GPP) and farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) and the isoprenylation of the intracellular G-proteins Ras and Rho, which may result in antiangiogenic, apoptotic, and antimetastatic effects in susceptible tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3R,5S,6E)-(+/-)-7-(3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-heptenoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUVASTATIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fluvastatin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Fluvastatin Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fluvastatin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lescol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0246203"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"93957-55-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PYF7O1FV7F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487588"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487588"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H25FNO4.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fluvastatin_Sodium"}]}}{"C126274":{"preferredName":"Fluzoparib","code":"C126274","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) types 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fluzoparib inhibits PARP 1 and 2 activity, which inhibits PARP-mediated repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway, enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability, and leads to an induction of apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyze post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins, which then transduce signals to recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA. PARP inhibition may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and may reverse tumor cell chemoresistance and radioresistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fluzoparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504851"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779303"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779303"}]}}{"C105804":{"preferredName":"Fms/Trk Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PLX7486 Tosylate","code":"C105804","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate salt form of PLX7486, a selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R; fms) and neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor types 1, 2 and 3 (TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC, respectively) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PLX7486 binds to and inhibits the activity of these tyrosine kinases. This inhibits Fms and Trk-mediated signaling transduction pathways that are upregulated in certain cancer cell types. This may eventually halt tumor cell proliferation in Fms and TrkA, TrkB, and/or TrkC-overexpressing tumor cells. Fms and TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC are receptor tyrosine kinases that are upregulated or mutated in a variety of tumors and promote tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fms/Trk Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PLX7486 Tosylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fms/Trk Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PLX7486 Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX7486-TsOH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3830093"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747694"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747694"}]}}{"C71524":{"preferredName":"Folate Receptor Targeted Epothilone BMS753493","code":"C71524","definitions":[{"description":"A folate receptor-targeting antimitotic agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Folate receptor-targeted epothilone BMS753493 contains an epothilone moiety linked to a single folate molecule. Mediated through the folate moiety, this agent delivers the antimitotic epothilone component into cells expressing folic acid receptors, frequently upregulated in many types of tumor cells. After ligand-receptor internalization, the epothilone moiety induces microtubule polymerization and stabilizes microtubules against depolymerization, resulting in the inhibition of mitosis and cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Folate Receptor Targeted Epothilone BMS753493","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor Targeted Epothilone BMS753493","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376231"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575735"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575735"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Folate_Receptor-Targeted_Epothilone_BMS753493"}]}}{"C113176":{"preferredName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Tubulysin Conjugate EC1456","code":"C113176","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable targeted small molecule drug conjugate (SMDC) consisting of folate (vitamin B9) covalently linked to the potent mitotic poison and cytotoxic agent, tubulysin B hydrazide (Tub-B-H) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the folate moiety of folate receptor-targeted tubulysin conjugate EC1456 preferentially binds to tumor cells expressing folate receptors (FR). After binding to FR, the agent is internalized by tumor cells and the Tub-B-H moiety inhibits the polymerization of tubulin into microtubules. This may lead to both cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. FR, the membrane-bound, high-affinity receptor for folate, is overexpressed on a wide range of primary and metastatic human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EC1456","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Tubulysin Conjugate EC1456","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Tubulysin Conjugate EC1456","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor-Targeting Folate-Tubulysin Conjugate EC1456","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL455247"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755557"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755557"}]}}{"C81935":{"preferredName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid EC0489","code":"C81935","definitions":[{"description":"A folate receptor-targeting cytotoxic drug conjugate consisting of a folate vitamin analogue linked to a vinca alkaloid microtubule destabilizing agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Mediated through its folate moiety, folate receptor-targeted vinca alkaloid EC0489 delivers the cytotoxic vinca alkaloid moiety directly to cells expressing folic acid receptors, frequently upregulated in many types of tumor cells. After ligand-receptor internalization, the vinca alkaloid moiety binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly-disassembly dynamics, resulting in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The relative tumor cell specificity of this agent reduces the toxicity profile of its vinca alkaloid moiety.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EC0489","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid EC0489","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid EC0489","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830054"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638649"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638649"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Folate_Receptor_Targeted-Microtubule_Destabilizing_Agent_EC0489"}]}}{"C66987":{"preferredName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid/Mitomycin C EC0225","code":"C66987","definitions":[{"description":"A folate receptor-targeting cytotoxic agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Folate receptor-targeted vinca alkaloid/mitomycin C EC0225 contains two potent cytotoxic agents, a vinca alkaloid and mitomycin C, linked to a single folate molecule. Mediated through the folate moiety, this agent delivers the cytotoxic agents directly into cells expressing folic acid receptors, frequently upregulated in many types of tumor cells. After ligand-receptor internalization, the vinca alkaloid moiety binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly-disassembly dynamics, resulting in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Mitomycin C alkylates DNA, producing DNA cross-links and inhibiting DNA replication. The relative tumor cell specificity of EC0225 reduces the toxicity profiles of its cytotoxic agent moieties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EC0225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate Linked Vinca Alkaloid/Mitomycin C EC0225","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid/Mitomycin C EC0225","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid/Mitomycin C EC0225","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880433"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539691"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539691"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"EC0225"}]}}{"C62479":{"preferredName":"Folate-FITC","code":"C62479","definitions":[{"description":"A conjugate consisting of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated with folate with potential antineoplastic activity. Folate-FITC binds to folate receptors, which are overexpressed on the surfaces of many cancer cells including kidney and ovarian cancer cells. Once bound to the cancer cell through the folate moiety of the conjugate, circulating anti-fluorescein antibodies may recognize and bind to the FITC moiety, resulting in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EC-17","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"EC-17","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC17","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate Fluorescein Isothiocyanate Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate-FITC","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Folate-FITC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-glutamine, N2-(4-(((2-amino-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-n-(2-((((3',6'-dihydroxy-3-oxospiro(isobenzofuran-1(3h),9'-(9h)xanthen)-5-yl)amino)thioxomethyl)amino)ethyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831885"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V7YQ6134AE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489286"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489286"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"EC17"}]}}{"C61304":{"preferredName":"Folitixorin","code":"C61304","definitions":[{"description":"A folate-based biomodulator with potential antineoplastic activity. 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHF) stabilizes the covalent binding of the fluorouracil metabolite 5-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate (FdUMP) to its target enzyme, thymidylate synthase, which results in inhibition of thymidylate synthase, depletion of thymidine triphosphate (TTP), a necessary constituent of DNA, and tumor cell death. Unlike leucovorin, MTHF, as the active form of folate, does not require metabolic activation and may increase the chemotherapeutic effects of fluorouracil with lower toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CoFactor","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOLITIXORIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Folitixorin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-(3-Amino-1,2,5,6,6a,7-hexahydro-1-oxoimidazo(1,5-f)pteridin-8(9H)-yl)benzoyl)-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetrahydromethylenefolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048858"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3432-99-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0SXY5ET48B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"405875"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"405875"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H23N7O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_5_10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:1989"}]}}{"C80058":{"preferredName":"Foretinib","code":"C80058","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Foretinib blocks enzymes involved in the growth and spread of tumor cells. It may also prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Foretinib binds to and selectively inhibits hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor c-MET and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. The proto-oncogene c-MET has been found to be over-expressed in a variety of cancers. VEGFR2 is found on endothelial and hematopoietic cells and mediates the development of the vasculature and hematopoietic cells through VEGF signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FORETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Foretinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Foretinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK1363089","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET/VEGFR-2 inhibitor GSK1363089","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor GSK1363089","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-Fluoro-4-((6-methoxy-7-(3-(morpholin-4-yl)propoxy)quinolin-4-yl)oxy)phenyl)-N'-(4-fluorophenyl)cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL880","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"XL880","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"foretinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698272"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"849217-64-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"81FH7VK1C4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"428188"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"428188"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H34F2N4O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Multitargeted_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_GSK1363089"}]}}{"C974":{"preferredName":"Formestane","code":"C974","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic steroidal substance with antineoplastic activity. Formestane binds irreversibly to and inhibits the enzyme aromatase, thereby blocking the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone and the peripheral aromatization of androgenic precursors into estrogens. 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It is a type of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the synthetic high-affinity transition-state analogue forodesine. Forodesine binds preferentially to and inhibits purine nucleotide phosphorylase (PNP), resulting in the accumulation of deoxyguanosine triphosphate and the subsequent inhibition of the enzyme ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase and DNA synthesis. This agent selectively causes apoptosis in stimulated or malignant T-lymphocytes. A transition state analogue is a substrate designed to mimic the properties or the geometry of the transition state of reaction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCX-1777","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BCX-1777","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FORODESINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Forodesine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Forodesine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immucillin-H","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"forodesine hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1175653"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"284490-13-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6SN82Y9U73"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"301648"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"301648"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H14N4O4.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Immucillin-H"}]}}{"C72787":{"preferredName":"Fosaprepitant","code":"C72787","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FOSAPREPITANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fosaprepitant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fosaprepitant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2349941"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"172673-20-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6L8OF9XRDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H22F7N4O6P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fosaprepitant"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64321"}]}}{"C82378":{"preferredName":"Fosbretabulin","code":"C82378","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble prodrug derived from the African bush willow (Combretum caffrum) with antineoplastic activity. Fosbretabulin is dephosphorylated to its active metabolite, combretastatin A4, which binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization, resulting in mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. As apoptotic endothelial cells detach from their substrata, tumor blood vessels collapse; the acute disruption of tumor blood flow may result in tumor necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methoxy-5-((1Z)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)phenyl Phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combretastatin A-4 Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSBRETABULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fosbretabulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenol, 2-methoxy-5-((1Z)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)-, Dihydrogen Phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796467"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"222030-63-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I5590ES2QZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H21O8P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fosbretabulin"}]}}{"C2503":{"preferredName":"Fosbretabulin Disodium","code":"C2503","definitions":[{"description":"The disodium salt of a water-soluble phosphate derivative of a natural stilbenoid phenol derived from the African bush willow (Combretum caffrum) with potential vascular disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the prodrug fosbretabulin is dephosphorylated to its active metabolite, the microtubule-depolymerizing agent combretastatin A4, which binds to tubulin dimers and prevents microtubule polymerization, resulting in mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. In addition, this agent disrupts the engagement of the endothelial cell-specific junctional molecule vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin) and so the activity of the VE-cadherin/beta-catenin/Akt signaling pathway, which may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell migration and capillary tube formation. As a result of fosbretabulin's dual mechanism of action, the tumor vasculature collapses, resulting in reduced tumor blood flow and ischemic necrosis of tumor tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-methoxy-5-[(1Z)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]phenyl Disodium Phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA4DP","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combretastatin A4 Disodium Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSBRETABULIN DISODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fosbretabulin Disodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fosbretabulin Disodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenol, 2-methoxy-5-[(1Z)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-, Dihydrogen Phosphate, Disodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0962508"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"222030-63-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"702RHR475O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43316"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43316"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H19O8P.2Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Combretastatin_A4_Phosphate"}]}}{"C83721":{"preferredName":"Fosbretabulin Tromethamine","code":"C83721","definitions":[{"description":"The tromethamine salt form of prodrug fosbretabulin, a water-soluble phosphate derivative of a stilbenoid phenol derived from the African bush willow (Combretum caffrum) with antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, fosbretabulin is dephosphorylated to its active metabolite, combretastatin A4, which targets and binds to tubulin dimers and prevents microtubule polymerization, thereby resulting in mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. As apoptotic endothelial cells detach from their substrata, tumor blood vessels collapse; the acute disruption of tumor blood flow may result in tumor necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3-Dihydroxy-2-(Hydroxymethyl)Propan-2-Aminium 2-Methoxy-5-((1z)-2-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl)Ethenyl)Phenyl Hydrogen Phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,3-Propanediol, 2-Amino-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-, Compd. With 2-Methoxy-5-((1z)-2-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl)Ethenyl)Phenyl Dihydrogen Phosphate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA4P","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSBRETABULIN TROMETHAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fosbretabulin Tromethamine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fosbretabulin Tromethamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zybrestat","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827157"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"404886-32-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GBW044919E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696306"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696306"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H21O8P.C4H11NO3"}]}}{"C123824":{"preferredName":"Foslinanib","code":"C123824","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable agent with potential antineoplastic and anti-vasculogenic mimicry activities. Upon oral administration, foslinanib targets and inhibits the formation of vasculogenic mimicry (VM; vascular mimicry). By destroying the VM channels and network, cancer cells are devoid of perfusion leading to an induction of cancer cell apoptosis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. VM is associated with tumor metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4(1H)-Quinolinone, 2-(3-Fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-5-(phosphonooxy)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVM 1118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVM-1118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVM1118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSLINANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Foslinanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX 818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX-818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10721","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498218"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1256037-60-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2X2DNM7NGX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775625"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775625"}]}}{"C163994":{"preferredName":"Foslinanib Disodium","code":"C163994","definitions":[{"description":"The disodium salt form of foslinanib, an orally bioavailable agent with potential antineoplastic and anti-vasculogenic mimicry activities. Upon oral administration, foslinanib targets and inhibits the formation of vasculogenic mimicry (VM; vascular mimicry). By destroying the VM channels and network, cancer cells are devoid of perfusion leading to an induction of cancer cell apoptosis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. VM is associated with tumor metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4(1H)-Quinolinone, 2-(3-Fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-5-(phosphonooxy)-, Sodium Salt (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVM-1118 Disodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSLINANIB DISODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Foslinanib Disodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX-818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX818 Disodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1256037-62-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8X5F5LAF7B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1371":{"preferredName":"Fosquidone","code":"C1371","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble pentacyclic pyrolloquinone analogue of mitoquidone with potential antineoplastic activity. Currently, the mechanism of action of fosquidone is unknown. In vitro studies indicate that this agent does not bind to DNA or inhibit topoisomerases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FOSQUIDONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fosquidone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR 63178A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"GR 63178A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"NSC D611615 from CCR."},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"611615"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0118171"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"114517-02-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FD6QP9BP8U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41153"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H22NO6P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fosquidone"}]}}{"C1372":{"preferredName":"Fostriecin","code":"C1372","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-tumor antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces pulveraceus. Fostriecin inhibits topoisomerase II catalytic activity, resulting in impaired DNA and RNA synthesis in various malignant cell types. This agent also inhibits serine/threonine protein phosphatase type 2A in some tumor cell types, thereby interfering with cellular proliferation and differentiation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-pyran-2-one,5,6-dihydro-6-(3,6,13-trihydroxy-3-methyl-4-(phosphonooxy)-1,7,9,11,-tridecatetraenyl)-,trans","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSTRIECIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"FST","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fostriecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fostriecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphotrienin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Phosphotrienin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"339638"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0118175"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"87810-56-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZO1648L551"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41703"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41703"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H27O9P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fostriecin"}]}}{"C1106":{"preferredName":"Fotemustine","code":"C1106","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of brain tumors and metastatic melanoma of the eye. It is a type of nitrosourea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chloroethylating nitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Fotemustine alkylates guanine by forming chloroethyl adducts at the 6 position of guanine, resulting in N1-guanine and N3-cytosine cross linkages, inhibition of DNA synthesis, cell cycle arrest, and finally apoptosis. This agent is lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-[N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosoureido]ethylphosphonic acid diethyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOTEMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fotemustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muphoran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S 10036","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[1-[[[(2-chloroethyl)nitrosamino]-carbonyl]amino]ethyl]phosphonic acid diethyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"diethyl[1-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]ethyl]phosphonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fotemustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0060696"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"92118-27-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GQ7JL9P5I2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38865"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38865"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H19ClN3O5P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fotemustine"}]}}{"C65767":{"preferredName":"Fotretamine","code":"C65767","definitions":[{"description":"A pentaethyleneimine derivative with antineoplastic alkylating activity. Fotretamine causes chromosomal breaks in lymphocytes which contributes to its immunosuppressive activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,2,4,4,6-Pentaethylenimino-6-morpholino-cyclotriphosphazatrien","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOTRETAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fotretamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fotrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Photrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Photrine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"216135"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0060698"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"37132-72-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7Z7670589C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H28N9OP3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Fotretamine"}]}}{"C63546":{"preferredName":"Fresolimumab","code":"C63546","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of kidney cancer, melanoma, and pulmonary fibrosis. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Anti-TGF-beta monoclonal antibody GC1008 binds to the protein transforming growth factor-beta (TGF?) and may block the growth of cancer cells that make it.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pan-specific, recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against human transforming growth factor (TGF) -beta 1, 2 and 3 with potential antineoplastic activity. Fresolimumab binds to and inhibits the activity of all isoforms of TGF-beta, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth, angiogenesis, and migration. TGF-beta, a cytokine often over-expressed in various malignancies, may play an important role in promoting the growth, progression, and migration of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TGF-Beta Monoclonal Antibody GC1008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FRESOLIMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fresolimumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fresolimumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC1008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GC1008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Anti-TGF-Beta Monoclonal Antibody GC1008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4, anti-(transforming growth factor beta) (human monoclonal GC-1008 heavy chain), disulfide with human monoclonal GC-1008 light chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-TGF-beta monoclonal antibody GC1008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987643"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"948564-73-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"375142VBIA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530302"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530302"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-TGF-Beta_Monoclonal_Antibody_GC1008"}]}}{"C102852":{"preferredName":"Fruquintinib","code":"C102852","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, fruquintinib inhibits VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFRs 1, 2, and 3 which may result in the inhibition of migration, proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, microvessel formation, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and tumor cell death. Expression of VEGFRs may be upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-(6,7-Dimethoxyquinazolin-4-yl)oxy-N,2-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FRUQUINTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fruquintinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fruquintinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL-013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR-1/2/3 Inhibitor HMPL-013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640967"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1194506-26-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"49DXG3M5ZW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737616"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737616"}]}}{"C1379":{"preferredName":"Fulvestrant","code":"C1379","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Faslodex blocks estrogen activity in the body and is a type of antiestrogen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic estrogen receptor antagonist. Unlike tamoxifen (which has partial agonist effects) and the aromatase inhibitors (which reduce the estrogen available to tumor cells), fulvestrant binds competitively to estrogen receptors in breast cancer cells, resulting in estrogen receptor deformation and decreased estrogen binding. In vitro studies indicate that fulvestrant reversibly inhibits the growth of tamoxifen-resistant, estrogen-sensitive, human breast cancer cell lines. 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Upon administration, fumagillin-derived polymer conjugate XMT-1107 releases XMT-1191, which may inhibit angiogenesis through the irreversible inhibition of the methionine aminopeptidase 2 (METAP2); although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to induce cell cycle arrest in endothelial cells, inhibiting their proliferation and migration. Compared to an unconjugated fumagillin analog, XMT-1107 exhibits improved solubility and an extended half life due to its PHF backbone. METAP2, a member of the methionyl aminopeptidase family, binds two cobalt or manganese ions and protects the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2) from inhibitory phosphorylation by removing the amino-terminal methionine residue from nascent protein; this aminopeptidase may be overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fumagillin-Derived Polymer Conjugate XMT-1107","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fumagillin-Derived Polymer Conjugate XMT-1107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT-1107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413581"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660895"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660895"}]}}{"C121852":{"preferredName":"Fursultiamine","code":"C121852","definitions":[{"description":"A nutritional supplement and vitamin B1 derivative, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fursultiamine inhibits the expressions of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT-4), SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX-2), and Nanog homeobox (NANOG) in cancer stem cells (CSCs). This may inhibit the proliferation of CSCs thereby preventing tumor cell growth. In addition, fursultiamine inhibits the expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) and subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) in cancer CSCs, which may abrogate resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy in CSCs. CSCs promote tumor initiation, progression and metastasis; they play a key role in cancer recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FURSULTIAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Formamide, N-((4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)-N-(4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-(((tetrahydro-2-furanyl)methyl)dithio)-1-butenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fursultiamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTFD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiamine Tetrahydrofurfuryl Disulfide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016865"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"804-30-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"05J61265PX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770797"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770797"}]}}{"C152971":{"preferredName":"Futuximab","code":"C152971","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; ErbB1; HER1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, futuximab targets and binds to an epitope located in the extracellular domain (ECD) of EGFR, which causes internalization and degradation of EGFR, including the mutated EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII). This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, thereby inhibiting EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"992 DS","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"992-DS","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"992DS","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FUTUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Futuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Futuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Extracellular Domain III) (Human-Mus Musculus Monoclonal 992 DS Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mus Musculus Monoclonal 992 DS Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554174"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1310460-85-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B37J680LX0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793850"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793850"}]}}{"C91381":{"preferredName":"Futuximab/Modotuximab Mixture","code":"C91381","definitions":[{"description":"A mixture of two recombinant IgG1 antibodies directed against different epitopes in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) extracellular domain III, with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody mixture Sym004 binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, thereby preventing ligand binding. This may prevent activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor; the decrease in receptor activation may result in an inhibition of downstream ERK and JNK signaling pathways and thus inhibition of EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. In addition, binding of Sym004 to EGFRs causes EGFR internalization and degradation. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, often is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Futuximab/Modotuximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Futuximab/Modotuximab Mixture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Futuximab/Zatuximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421582"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673604"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673604"}]}}{"C95893":{"preferredName":"G-Quadruplex Stabilizer BMVC","code":"C95893","definitions":[{"description":"A carbazole derivative (3,6-bis[2-(1-methylpyridinium)vinyl]carbazole diiodide) that selectively targets to the G-quadruplex DNA structure, used as a fluorescent probe for cancer cytological diagnosis and with potential antitumor activity. G-quadruplex stabilizer BMVC, preferentially uptaken by cancer cells, binds to and stabilize the telomeric G-quadruplex structure at the end of DNA; when visualized with fluorescent imaging device, BMVC emits bright fluorescent light and can be used to differentiate tumor cells from normal cells. The BMVC/G-quadruplex complexes also interfere with the activity of telomerase, which is highly active in tumor cells and plays a key role in tumorigenesis while expressed at very low levels in most somatic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,6-bis (1-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium) Carbazole Diiodide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,6-bis[2-(1-methylpyridinium)vinyl]carbazole Diiodide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMVC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-Quadruplex Stabilizer BMVC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428290"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696431"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696431"}]}}{"C61489":{"preferredName":"GI-4000 Vaccine","code":"C61489","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine containing a heat-killed recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast transfected with mutated forms of Ras, an oncogene frequently found in solid tumors, with potential immunostimulant and antitumor activity. Upon administration, GI-4000 vaccine elicits an immune response by stimulating a specific cytotoxic T-cell response against the mutated forms of Ras. This may lead to a destruction of cancer cells expressing a Ras mutation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GI-4000 Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GI-4000 Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831831"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486259"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486259"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"GI-4000_Vaccine"}]}}{"C124651":{"preferredName":"GITR Agonist MEDI1873","code":"C124651","definitions":[{"description":"An agonist of human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 18; TNFRSF18; GITR), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, GITR agonist MEDI1873 binds to GITR found on multiple types of T-cells, thereby inducing both the activation and proliferation of tumor antigen-specific T effector cells. This abrogates the suppression of T effector cells which is induced by inappropriately activated T regulatory cells (Tregs), and activates the immune system to help eradicate tumor cells. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, is expressed on the surface of multiple types of immune cells, including regulatory T-cells, effector T-cells, B-cells, dendritic cells (DCs) and natural killer (NK) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GITR Agonist MEDI1873","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GITR Agonist MEDI1873","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GITR Stimulant MEDI1873","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 1873","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI1873","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFRSF18 Agonist MEDI1873","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFRSF18 Protein Stimulant MEDI1873","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502883"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776837"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776837"}]}}{"C98287":{"preferredName":"GM-CSF-encoding Oncolytic Adenovirus CGTG-102","code":"C98287","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, oncolytic serotype 5/3 capsid-modified adenovirus encoding the immunostimulatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the oncolytic adenovirus selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell lysis. Synergistically, GM-CSF (sargramostim) expressed by the oncolytic adenovirus enhances antigen presentation, promotes natural killer (NK) cell-mediated killing and causes a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response against tumor cells harboring the oncolytic adenovirus, resulting in an immune-mediated tumor cell death. CGTG-102 is designed to replicate only in cells with defects in the p16/Rb/E2F pathway, attributed to a mutation common in many solid tumors. Replacement of the Ad5 capsid protein knob with a knob domain from serotype 3 causes higher transduction in cancer cells as compared to normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGTG-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GM-CSF-encoding Oncolytic Adenovirus CGTG-102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GM-CSF-encoding Oncolytic Adenovirus CGTG-102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONCOS-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432405"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712555"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712555"}]}}{"C116872":{"preferredName":"GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor AL101","code":"C116872","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule gamma secretase (GS) and pan-Notch inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, GS/pan-Notch inhibitor AL101 binds to GS and blocks activation of Notch receptors, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells with an overly-active Notch pathway. The integral membrane protein GS is a multi-subunit protease complex that cleaves single-pass transmembrane proteins, such as Notch receptors, at residues within their transmembrane domains that lead to their activation. Overactivation of the Notch signaling pathway, often triggered by activating mutations, has been correlated with increased cellular proliferation and poor prognosis in certain tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AL 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AL-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AL101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-906024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor AL101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor AL101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896900"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695660"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695660"}]}}{"C118573":{"preferredName":"GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor BMS-986115","code":"C118573","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, gamma secretase (GS) and pan-Notch inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GS/pan-Notch inhibitor BMS 986115 binds to GS and blocks the proteolytic cleavage and release of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD), which would normally follow ligand binding to the extracellular domain of the Notch receptor. This prevents both the subsequent translocation of NICD to the nucleus to form a transcription factor complex and the expression of Notch-regulated genes. This results in the induction of apoptosis and the inhibition of growth of tumor cells that overexpress Notch. Overexpression of the Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. The integral membrane protein GS is a multi-subunit protease complex that cleaves single-pass transmembrane proteins, such as Notch receptors, at residues within their transmembrane domains and leads to their activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-986115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor BMS-986115","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor BMS-986115","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471756"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754986"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754986"}]}}{"C156792":{"preferredName":"GSK-3 Inhibitor 9-ING-41","code":"C156792","definitions":[{"description":"A maleimide-based, small molecule inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3; serine/threonine-protein kinase GSK3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, 9-ING-41 binds to and competitively inhibits GSK-3, which may lead to downregulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and decreased expression of NF-kappaB target genes including cyclin D1, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), anti-apoptotic protein XIAP, and B-cell lymphoma extra-large (Bcl-XL). This may inhibit NF-kappaB-mediated survival and chemoresistance in certain tumor types. GSK-3, a constitutively active serine/threonine kinase that plays a role in numerous pathways involved in protein synthesis, cellular proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism, is aberrantly overexpressed in certain tumor types and may promote tumor cell survival and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9 ING 41","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-ING-41","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-3 Inhibitor 9-ING-41","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GSK-3 Inhibitor 9-ING-41","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibitor 9-ING-41","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935798"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796464"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796464"}]}}{"C116849":{"preferredName":"GSK-3 Inhibitor LY2090314","code":"C116849","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, LY2090314 binds to and inhibits GSK-3 in an ATP-competitive manner. This prevents GSK-3-mediated phosphorylation of beta-catenin, which inhibits the subsequent ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of beta-catenin. This leads to the activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. GSK-3, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a key role in numerous pathways involved in protein synthesis, cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway plays key roles in both cellular proliferation and differentiation. The increased expression of beta-catenin, a transcriptional activator, correlates with decreased cellular proliferation and improved prognosis in select cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(9-Fluoro-2-(piperidine-1-carbonyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-[1,4]diazepino[6,7,1-hi]indol-7-yl)-4-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-3 Inhibitor LY2090314","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GSK-3 Inhibitor LY2090314","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 2090314","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2090314","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2090314","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3713994"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"603288-22-8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686910"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686910"}]}}{"C76791":{"preferredName":"Galamustine","code":"C76791","definitions":[{"description":"A galactose mustard compound, an alkylating agent, with antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GALAMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Galamustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700228"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"105618-02-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P771FDQ1WJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H19Cl2NO5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Galamustine"}]}}{"C81422":{"preferredName":"Galarubicin","code":"C81422","definitions":[{"description":"An anthracycline derivative with antineoplastic activity developed to circumvent doxorubicin resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S,10S)-10-((2.6-Dideoxy-2-fluoro-alpha-L-talopyranosyl)oxy)-8-glycoloyl-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-1-methoxy-5,12-naphthacenedione 8(sup 2)-ester with Beta-alanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GALARUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Galarubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825624"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"140637-86-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6F39648E92"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H32FNO13"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Galarubicin"}]}}{"C115111":{"preferredName":"Belapectin","code":"C115111","definitions":[{"description":"A carbohydrate-based galectin inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Belapectin binds to the carbohydrate-binding domain of galectins, especially galectin-3, and may result in an induction of apoptosis mediated through activation of both mitochondria and caspases. This may reduce tumor growth in galectin-overexpressing tumor cells. Galectins, often overexpressed on tumor cells, play a key role in cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, tumor angiogenesis and evasion of immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BELAPECTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Belapectin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Belapectin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR-MD-02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Galactoarabino-rhamnogalacturonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472642"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1980787-47-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K7ODU55HT6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760131"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760131"}]}}{"C103828":{"preferredName":"Galectin-1 Inhibitor OTX008","code":"C103828","definitions":[{"description":"A calixarene-based compound and galectin-1 (Gal-1) inhibitor with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, galectin-1 inhibitor OTX008 binds Gal-1 which leads to Gal-1 oxidation and proteasomal degradation, through an as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism, and eventually downregulation of Gal-1. This decreases tumor cell growth and inhibits angiogenesis. Gal-1, a multifunctional carbohydrate-binding protein, is often overexpressed on tumor cells and plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, tumor angiogenesis and evasion of immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gal-1 Inhibitor OTX008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Galectin-1 Inhibitor OTX008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OTX008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641630"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742751"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742751"}]}}{"C84866":{"preferredName":"Galeterone","code":"C84866","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule androgen receptor modulator and CYP17 lyase inhibitor with potential antiandrogen activity. Galeterone exhibits three distinct mechanisms of action: 1) as an androgen receptor antagonist, 2) as a CYP17 lyase inhibitor and 3) by decreasing overall androgen receptor levels in prostate cancer tumors, all of which may result in a decrease in androgen-dependent growth signaling. Localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17 (P450C17 or CYP17A1) exhibits both 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities, and plays a key role in the steroidogenic pathway that produces progestins, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Androsta-5,16-dien-3-ol, 17-(1h-benzimidazol-1-yl)-, (3beta)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GALETERONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Galeterone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Galeterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Specific Androgen Receptor Modulator/CYP17 Lyase Inhibitor TOK-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOK-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VN/124","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VN/124-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3490719"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"851983-85-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WA33E149SW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653977"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653977"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H32N2O"}]}}{"C26447":{"preferredName":"Galiximab","code":"C26447","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It binds to the protein CD80, which is found on certain normal white blood cells and on white blood cells that are cancer. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against CD80, the natural ligand for the T-cell antigen CD28 which mediates T-cell and B-cell adhesion. Galiximab binds to CD80 expressed on the cell surfaces of follicular lymphomas, resulting in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). CD80 is expressed on activated B-cells and gamma-interferon-stimulated monocytes and is often expressed at low levels on the surfaces of follicular lymphoma cells and other lymphoid malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GALIXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Galiximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Galiximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDEC-114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-B7-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-CD80 Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"galiximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"734532"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1098262"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"357613-77-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S9OX9692ZB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"285686"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"285686"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"IDEC-114_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C73254":{"preferredName":"Galocitabine","code":"C73254","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, galocitabine is converted into 5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine, 5'-deoxy-fluorouridine, and 5-FU. 5-FU is further metabolized into other cytotoxic metabolites that interfere with RNA and DNA synthesis via inhibition of thymidylate synthase. As a result, this agent eventually inhibits tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GALOCITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Galocitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 09-1390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0084382"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"124012-42-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X9788XI79O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H22FN3O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Galocitabine"}]}}{"C116891":{"preferredName":"Galunisertib","code":"C116891","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule antagonist of the tyrosine kinase transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b) receptor type 1 (TGFBR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, galunisertib specifically targets and binds to the kinase domain of TGFBR1, thereby preventing the activation of TGF-b-mediated signaling pathways. This may inhibit the proliferation of TGF-b-overexpressing tumor cells. Dysregulation of the TGF-b signaling pathway is seen in a number of cancers and is associated with increased cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(2-(6-Methylpyridin-2-yl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[1,2-b]pyrazol-3-yl)quinoline-6-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GALUNISERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Galunisertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Galunisertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2157299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2157299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3180910"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"700874-72-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3OKH1W5LZE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687583"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687583"}]}}{"C118444":{"preferredName":"Gamboge Resin Extract TSB-9-W1","code":"C118444","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable extract from the yellow to brown gum-resin of the gamboge tree (genus Garcinia) belonging to the Clusiaceae (or Guttiferae) family, with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Gamboge resin extract TSB-9-W1 contains various active ingredients, including gambogic acid, formoxanthone A, betulin, betulinic acid, morellic acid, isomorellic acid, isogambogic acid, isomorellinol and desoxymorellin. Upon oral administration, the various active components of the gamboge resin extract TSB-9-W1 may bind to and inhibit the activity of a variety of cancer-related proteins, may induce apoptosis, and may exert cytotoxic activity on tumor cells, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. TSB-9 is derived from TSB-14, which is the acetone-extract of gamboge resin, and pulverized into powder form; TSB-9 is 90% extract and 10% brown sugar. TSB-9-W1 is a milled form of TSB-9 with a particle size of 5 micrometers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gamboge Resin Extract TSB-9-W1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSB-9-W1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896755"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764996"}]}}{"C121535":{"preferredName":"Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor LY3039478","code":"C121535","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the integral membrane protein gamma-secretase (GS), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gamma-secretase inhibitor LY3039478 binds to the GS protease complex, thereby blocking the proteolytic cleavage and release of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD), which would normally follow ligand binding to the extracellular domain of the Notch receptor. This prevents both the subsequent translocation of NICD to the nucleus to form a transcription factor complex and the expression of Notch-regulated genes. This results in the induction of apoptosis and the inhibition of growth in tumor cells that overexpress Notch. Overexpression of the Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4,4,4-Trifluoro-N-((S)-1-(((S)-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[d]pyrido[2,3-b]azepin-7-yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)butanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor LY3039478","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor LY3039478","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JSMD194","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3039478","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3039478","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3039478","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446654"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1421438-81-4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C88333":{"preferredName":"Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor RO4929097","code":"C88333","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks certain enzymes that are needed for cell growth. This may slow the growth of cancer cells. It may also decrease the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of gamma-secretase inhibitor and a type of Notch signaling inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule gamma secretase (GS) inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. Gamma secretase inhibitor RO4929097 binds to GS and blocks activation of Notch receptors, which may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. The integral membrane protein GS is a multi-subunit protease complex that cleaves single-pass transmembrane proteins, such as Notch receptors, at residues within their transmembrane domains. Overexpression of the Notch signaling pathway has been correlated with increased tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor RO4929097","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor RO4929097","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R04929097","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO4929097","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RO4929097","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742210"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662240"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662240"}]}}{"C101517":{"preferredName":"Gamma-delta Tocotrienol","code":"C101517","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available nutritional supplement containing the gamma and delta forms of the vitamin E family member tocotrienol, with hypocholesterolemic, antithrombotic, antioxidant, and potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, gamma-delta tocotrienol accumulates in cancer cells and may exert their anti-cancer activity in part through 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase downregulation and/or degradation, cell cycle arrest, and induction of caspase-mediated apoptosis. In addition, this agent may inhibit angiogenesis partially through the blockage of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and the inhibition of tumor cell-induced vessel formation. Altogether, this may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth. Further, this agent prevents free radical formation and inhibits lipid peroxidation. Tocotrienols contain 3 double bonds, absent in tocopherols, on its farnesyl isoprenoid side chain that likely contribute to its anti-cancer activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma-delta Tocotrienol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gdT3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435774"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730661"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730661"}]}}{"C116857":{"preferredName":"Gandotinib","code":"C116857","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable imidazopyridazine and inhibitor of Janus kinase 2 mutant V617F (JAK2V617F), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, gandotinib selectively and competitively inhibits the activation of JAK2V617F, which may result in the inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and the induction of apoptosis in JAK2V617F-expressing tumor cells. JAK2V617F has a substitution of phenylalanine for valine at amino acid position 617 and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(4-Chloro-2-fluorobenzyl)-2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-8-(Morpholinomethyl)imidazo(1,2-b)pyridazin-6-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GANDOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gandotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gandotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 2784544","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2784544","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3659426"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1229236-86-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ANC71R916O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682801"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682801"}]}}{"C77872":{"preferredName":"Ganetespib","code":"C77872","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ganetespib binds to and inhibits Hsp90, resulting in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, the inhibition of cell proliferation and the elevation of heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72); it may inhibit the activity of multiple kinases, such as c-Kit, EGFR, and Bcr-Abl, which as client proteins depend on functional HsP90 for maintenance. Hsp90, a 90 kDa molecular chaperone upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, plays a key role in the conformational maturation, stability and function of \"client\" proteins within the cell, many of which are involved in signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, including kinases, transcription factors and hormone receptors. Hsp72 exhibits anti-apoptotic functions; its up-regulation may be used as a surrogate marker for Hsp90 inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(2,4-dihydroxy-5-isopropylphenyl)-4-(1-methylindol-5-yl)-5-hydroxy-4h-1,2,4-triazole 3h-1,2,4-triazol-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-(2,4-dihydroxy-5-(1-methylethyl)phenyl)-2,4-dihydro-4-(1-methyl-1h-indol-5-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GANETESPIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ganetespib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ganetespib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor STA-9090","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STA-9090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2607234"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1143571-94-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2E8412Y946"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598379"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598379"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H20N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hsp90_Inhibitor_STA-9090"}]}}{"C1110":{"preferredName":"Ganglioside GD2","code":"C1110","definitions":[{"description":"A cell surface antigen expressed on all tumors of neuroectodermal origin, including melanoma, neuroblastomas, sarcoma, astrocytomas, and small cell lung cancer. GD2, an O-acetylated disialoganglioside, belongs to the group of glycosphingolipids that are widely expressed in many tissues and organs in vertebrates and have been suggested to be involved in the regulation of development and differentiation as recognition molecules or signal modulators. Due to its high level of expression in neuroblastoma, GD2 has the potential to be used as a component of anti-neuroblastoma vaccines, in addition to being used in polyvalent anti-melanoma vaccines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GD2 ganglioside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GalNAc(beta 1->4)-[NeuAc(alpha 2->8)NeuAc(alpha 2->3)]Gal(beta 1->4)GlcCer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganglioside GD2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0061104"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65988-71-8"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42295"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42295"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ganglioside_GD2"}]}}{"C516":{"preferredName":"Ganglioside GM2","code":"C516","definitions":[{"description":"A glycosphingolipid antigen expressed by a variety of human cancer cells. GM2 containing vaccines have been shown to elicit antibodies production in melanoma patients without deleterious effects associated with an immune response to GM2. Mutations in at least 1 of 3 recessive genes: HEXA, HEXB, and GM2A cause defects in GM2 catabolism, leading to lysosomal lipid storage disorders that manifest primarily as neurodegenerative diseases, including Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff Disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GM2 ganglioside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganglioside GM2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ganglioside GM2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016896"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"19600-01-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40785"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40785"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ganglioside_GM2"}]}}{"C71531":{"preferredName":"Ganitumab","code":"C71531","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ganitumab binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing binding of the ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent triggering of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; inhibition of this survival signaling pathway may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF-1R is a tyrosine kinase and a member of the insulin receptor family. IGF-1R activation stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis; IGF-1R signaling has been highly implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 479","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Human Monoclonal Antibody AMG-479","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GANITUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ganitumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ganitumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2744646"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"905703-97-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CK1441RCZ8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"578040"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"578040"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-IGF-1R_Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_AMG-479"}]}}{"C118365":{"preferredName":"Ganoderma lucidum Spores Powder Capsule","code":"C118365","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available powder-based nutritional supplement containing the spores of the mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Ganoderma l.), a traditional Chinese medicine, with potential protective, sedative, anti-oxidant, immunomodulating, and antineoplastic activities. The spores contain various bioactive components including polysaccharides, triterpenoids, peptidoglycans, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. Upon oral administration of the Ganoderma lucidum spores powder capsule, the active ingredients may modulate the immune system, may activate dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages and may modulate the production of certain cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa), interleukin (IL) 1-beta (IL-1b), IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8. This supplement may improve cancer-related fatigue and may be used as a sleep aid; it may also have a beneficial effect on the heart, lung, liver, pancreas, kidney, and the central nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ganoderma l. Spores Powder Capsule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganoderma lucidum Spores Powder Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lingzhi Spores Powder Capsule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3899040"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764697"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764697"}]}}{"C38706":{"preferredName":"Garlic","code":"C38706","definitions":[{"description":"A European plant that has a bulb used to flavor food. It has also been used in some cultures to treat certain medical conditions including high cholesterol, high blood pressure, infections, and cancer. The scientific name is Allium sativum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bulbous herb isolated from the plant Allium sativum with potential antineoplastic activity. Garlic contains a number of different organosulfur compounds, some of which have displayed antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ajo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allium Sativum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allium sativum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"GARLIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Garlic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"garlic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0993630"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V1V998DC17"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357490"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357490"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Garlic"}]}}{"C1692":{"preferredName":"Gastrin Immunotoxin","code":"C1692","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotoxin containing an epitope of human gastrin conjugated to diphtheria toxin, with antineoplastic activity. The gastrin epitope in this vaccine is chemically identical or similar to the endogenous gastrin-17 (G-17), a 17-amino acid peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid by the stomach. Diphtheria toxin inhibits protein synthesis via modifying translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2). Vaccination with this immunotoxin may elicit production of antibodies against gastrinoma cells overexpressing gastrin, in addition to the toxic effects on protein synthesis exerted by the diphtheria toxin moiety.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Gastrin Therapeutic Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-gastrin 17","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G17DT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G17DT Immunogen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrimmune","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrin Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neutralize Hormone G17","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neutralizing G17 Hormone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935889"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38352"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38352"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Gastrin_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C61329":{"preferredName":"Gastrin/cholecystokinin Type B Receptor Inhibitor Z-360","code":"C61329","definitions":[{"description":"A selective, orally available, 1,5-benzodiazepine-derivative gastrin/cholecystokinin 2 (CCK-2) receptor antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Z-360 binds to the gastrin/CCK-2 receptor, thereby preventing receptor activation by gastrin, a peptide hormone frequently associated with the proliferation of gastrointestinal and pancreatic tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastrin/cholecystokinin Type B Receptor Inhibitor Z-360","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17961733"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831827"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485295"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485295"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Z-360"}]}}{"C66935":{"preferredName":"Gataparsen Sodium","code":"C66935","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation antisense oligonucleotide against survivin mRNA with potential antitumor activity. Gataparsen hybridizes to survivin mRNA, thereby blocking translation of survivin protein, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family. Survivin, expressed during embryonal development, is upregulated in a variety of human cancers while absent in most normal adult cells; its expression in tumors is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, shorter survival times, and a decreased response to chemotherapy. Silencing expression of survivin potentially leads to restoration of the apoptotic process in cancer cells, thereby facilitating chemotherapeutic treatments.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antisurvivin Antisense Oligonucleotide LY2181308","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GATAPARSEN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gataparsen Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gataparsen Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 2181308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2181308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2181308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2181308 Heptadecasodium Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832051"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"928768-71-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3KY0EUQ36S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"532253"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"532253"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LY2181308"}]}}{"C94220":{"preferredName":"Gatipotuzumab","code":"C94220","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody recognizing the tumor-specific epitope of mucin-1 (TA-MUC1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Gatipotuzumab targets and binds to the TA-MUC1 epitopes expressed on the cell surface of tumor cells, thereby potentially activating the immune system to induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against the TA-MUC1-expressing tumor cells. TA-MUC1 is designated to MUC1 epitopes with O-glycosylated carbohydrate-induced conformational structures that are tumor-specific, thereby enabling gatipotuzumab to differentiate between tumor MUC1 and non-tumor MUC1 epitopes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GATIPOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gatipotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PankoMab","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PankoMab-GEX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986405"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1264737-26-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"85V55ZLV2Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687630"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687630"}]}}{"C91732":{"preferredName":"Gedatolisib","code":"C91732","definitions":[{"description":"An agent targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, gedatolisib inhibits both PI3K and mTOR kinases, which may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition of cancer cells overexpressing PI3K/mTOR. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(4-[[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]carbonyl]phenyl)-3-[4-(4,6-dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenyl]urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEDATOLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gedatolisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gedatolisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 05212384","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-05212384","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKI 587","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKI-587","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urea, N-(4-((4-(dimethylamino)-1-piperidinyl)carbonyl)phenyl)-N'-(4-(4,6-di-4-morpholinyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2933603"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1197160-78-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"96265TNH2R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651189"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651189"}]}}{"C1855":{"preferredName":"Gefitinib","code":"C1855","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat certain types of non-small cell lung cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is a type of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An anilinoquinazoline with antineoplastic activity. Gefitinib inhibits the catalytic activity of numerous tyrosine kinases including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which may result in inhibition of tyrosine kinase-dependent tumor growth. Specifically, this agent competes with the binding of ATP to the tyrosine kinase domain of EGFR, thereby inhibiting receptor autophosphorylation and resulting in inhibition of signal transduction. Gefitinib may also induce cell cycle arrest and inhibit angiogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(3'-Chloro-4'-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-(3-morpholinopropoxy)quinazoline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEFITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gefitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Gefitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gefitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iressa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Iressa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Iressa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-methoxy-6-[3-(4-morpholin) propoxy]-4-quinazolinamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD 1839","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ZD 1839","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD1839","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gefitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"715055"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1122962"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"184475-35-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S65743JHBS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43649"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43649"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H24ClFN4O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Gefitinib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:49668"}]}}{"C1112":{"preferredName":"Geldanamycin","code":"C1112","definitions":[{"description":"A benzoquinone antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Geldanamycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). HSP90 maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins; the inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins that may be over-expressed or overactive in tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibiotic (U-29,135)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Antibiotic U 29135","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GELDANAMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"GELDANAMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Geldanamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Geldanamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"212518"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"122750"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0061179"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"30562-34-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z3K3VJ16KU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Geldanamycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:5292"}]}}{"C133021":{"preferredName":"Gelonin","code":"C133021","definitions":[{"description":"A class I ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) and toxin derived from the seeds of the plant Gelonium multiflorum. Gelonin (rGel) exerts N-glycosidase activity on the 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) unit of eukaryotic ribosomes by cleaving out adenine at the 4324 site, which depurinates rRNA, inactivates ribosomes, inhibits protein synthesis, and results in cell death. Used as the toxin moiety of certain immunotoxins and linked to antibodies specific for a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), gelonin can be targeted to and induce specific cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing the TAA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GEL Protein, Gelonium multiflorum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gelonin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGK974","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribosome-inactivating Protein Gelonin, Gelonium multiflorum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rGel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0061184"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"75037-46-6"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357568"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357568"}]}}{"C66876":{"preferredName":"Gemcitabine","code":"C66876","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug that is used to treat pancreatic cancer that is advanced or has spread. It is also used with other drugs to treat breast cancer that has spread, advanced ovarian cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer that is advanced or has spread. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Gemcitabine blocks the cell from making DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate (dFdCDP) and difluorodeoxycytidine triphosphate (dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCTP competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and is incorporated into DNA. This locks DNA polymerase thereby resulting in \"masked termination\" during DNA replication. On the other hand, dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis. The reduction in the intracellular concentration of dCTP potentiates the incorporation of dFdCTP into DNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Oxo-4-amino-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-1-yl)-2-deoxy-2,2-difluororibose","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2'Deoxy-2',2'-Difluorocytidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Difluorodeoxycytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEMCITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dFdC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dFdCyd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gemcitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0045093"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"95058-81-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B76N6SBZ8R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11F2N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Gemcitabine_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:175901"}]}}{"C79803":{"preferredName":"Gemcitabine Elaidate","code":"C79803","definitions":[{"description":"A lipophilic, unsaturated fatty acid ester derivative of gemcitabine (dFdC), an antimetabolite deoxynucleoside analogue, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon hydrolysis intracellularly by esterases, the prodrug gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and tri-phosphate (dFdCDP and dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting in DNA strand termination and apoptosis. Due to its lipophilicity, gemcitabine 5'-elaidic acid ester exhibits an increased cellular uptake and accumulation, resulting in an increased conversion to active metabolites, compared to gemcitabine. In addition, this formulation of gemcitabine may be less susceptible to deamination and deactivation by deoxycytidine deaminase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CP-4126","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEMCITABINE ELAIDATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine 5'-Elaidic Acid Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine Elaidate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine Elaidate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703166"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"210829-30-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"231C73W7LG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"624375"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"624375"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Gemcitabine_5-Elaidic_Acid_Ester"}]}}{"C961":{"preferredName":"Gemcitabine Hydrochloride","code":"C961","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat pancreatic cancer that is advanced or has spread. It is also used with other drugs to treat breast cancer that has spread, advanced ovarian cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer that is advanced or has spread. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Gemcitabine hydrochloride blocks the cell from making DNA and may kill cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an analogue of the antimetabolite nucleoside deoxycytidine with antineoplastic activity. Gemcitabine is converted intracellularly to the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and triphosphate (dFdCDP, dFdCTP). dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting in DNA strand termination and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Oxo-4-amino-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-1-yl)-2-deoxy-2,2-difluororibose, hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2'Deoxy-2',2'-Difluorocytidine, Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Difluorodeoxycytidine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF 10832","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF-10832","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF10832","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEMCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine HCI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemzar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Gemzar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-188011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY188011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dFdCyd","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gemcitabine hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"613327"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771488"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"122111-03-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Bladder cancer; Breast cancer; Carcinoma of unknown primary origin; Lung cancer; including non-small cell lung cancer; Ovarian cancer; Pancreatic cancer; Renal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U347PV74IL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41213"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41213"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11F2N3O4.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Gemcitabine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31647"}]}}{"C105613":{"preferredName":"Gemcitabine Hydrochloride Emulsion","code":"C105613","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available nanoparticle-based formulation containing the hydrochloride salt form of gemcitabine, a broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue, with antineoplastic activity. The formulation consists of an oil-in-water emulsion in which gemicitabine is solubilized in the excipient matrix containing a mixture of oil and (co)surfactants. Upon oral administration, gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate (dFdCDP) and difluorodeoxycytidine triphosphate (dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCTP competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and is incorporated into DNA, resulting in premature termination of DNA replication and the induction of apoptosis. Further, dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and reduces the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis. Compared to gemcitabine alone, the emulsion allows for increased oral bioavailability and decreases its susceptibility to deamination and deactivation by cytidine deaminase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D07001-F4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine Hydrochloride Emulsion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446450"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747250"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747250"}]}}{"C102856":{"preferredName":"Gemcitabine Prodrug LY2334737","code":"C102856","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available valproic acid prodrug of gemcitabine, a broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gemcitabine prodrug LY2334737 is hydrolyzed by carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) and releases gemcitabine systemically over a period of time consistent with formation rate-limited kinetics. In turn, gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate and triphosphate (dFdCDP and dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA replication; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting in premature termination of DNA replication and eventually the induction of apoptosis. Compared to gemcitabine, this prodrug is able to avoid hydrolysis in enterocytes and the portal circulation thus avoiding first pass metabolism and increasing systemic gemcitabine availability. In addition, the slow release of gemcitabine may enhance efficacy while lowering toxicity. CES2, a serine ester hydrolase, is expressed in certain tumors which may allow for increased conversion of gemcitabine at the tumor site thus increases cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gemcitabine Prodrug LY2334737","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine Prodrug LY2334737","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2334737","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3252354"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737787"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737787"}]}}{"C102752":{"preferredName":"Gemcitabine-Phosphoramidate Hydrochloride NUC-1031","code":"C102752","definitions":[{"description":"A pyrimidine analogue and a proprietary prodrug based on an aryloxy phosphoramidate derivative of gemcitabine with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration and cellular uptake, NUC-1031 is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and triphosphate (dFdCDP, dFdCTP). dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA replication; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting in premature termination of DNA replication and eventually induction of apoptosis. With the phosphoramidate moiety on the gemcitabine monophosphate group, NUC-1031 has improved properties over its parent molecule: 1) is more lipophilic and accumulates in cancer cells by passive diffusion and does not require a nucleoside transporter, 2) as the agent is delivered in the monophosphate form, the first phosphorylation step by deoxycytidine kinase is not required, 3) this agent is not susceptible to deactivation by cytidine deaminase cleavage of the monophosphorylated form. Altogether, this may help overcome resistance to gemcitabine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acelarin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine-Phosphoramidate Hydrochloride NUC-1031","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine-Phosphoramidate Hydrochloride NUC-1031","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemictabine ProTide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUC-1031","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640933"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735822"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735822"}]}}{"C150807":{"preferredName":"Gemcitabine-Releasing Intravesical System","code":"C150807","definitions":[{"description":"A controlled-release intravesical system consisting of a small flexible tube-like device with a solid core composed of gemcitabine, a broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue, with antineoplastic activity. Upon placement of the gemcitabine-releasing intravesical system (GemRIS) into the bladder, gemcitabine is gradually and continuously released from the system over an extended period of time before being removed from the bladder. Upon release, gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate (dFdCDP) and difluorodeoxycytidine triphosphate (dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCTP competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and is incorporated into DNA, resulting in premature termination of DNA replication and the induction of apoptosis of bladder tumor cells. In addition, dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) and reduces the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GemRIS","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine-Releasing Intravesical System","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine-Releasing Intravesical System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAR 200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAR-200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552666"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793540"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793540"}]}}{"C1806":{"preferredName":"Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin","code":"C1806","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody combined with a toxic substance that is used to treat certain types of acute myeloid leukemia in older patients and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Mylotarg is a type of antibody-drug conjugate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant, humanized anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody attached to the cytotoxic antitumor antibiotic calicheamicin. In this conjugate, the antibody binds to and is internalized by tumor cells expressing CD33 antigen (a sialic acid-dependent glycoprotein commonly found on the surface of leukemic blasts), thereby delivering the attached calicheamicin to CD33-expressing tumor cells. Calicheamicin binds to the minor groove of DNA, causing double strand DNA breaks and resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDP-771","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMA-676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calicheamicin-Conjugated Humanized Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEMTUZUMAB OZOGAMICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mylotarg","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Mylotarg","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WAY-CMA-676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gemtuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"gemtuzumab ozogamicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hP67.6-Calicheamicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"720568"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1533699"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"220578-59-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8GZG754X6M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42868"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42868"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C73H96IN6O25S3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Gemtuzumab_Ozogamicin"}]}}{"C1113":{"preferredName":"Genistein","code":"C1113","definitions":[{"description":"An isoflavone found in soy products. Soy isoflavones are being studied to see if they help prevent cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An isoflavone with a hydroxyl group on the B-ring and a second hydroxyl group on the A-ring.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A soy-derived isoflavone and phytoestrogen with antineoplastic activity. Genistein binds to and inhibits protein-tyrosine kinase, thereby disrupting signal transduction and inducing cell differentiation. This agent also inhibits topoisomerase-II, leading to DNA fragmentation and apoptosis, and induces G2/M cell cycle arrest. Genistein exhibits antioxidant, antiangiogenic, and immunosuppressive activities. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4',5, 7-Trihydroxyisoflavone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4',5,7-Trihydroxyisoflavone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GENISTEIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Genestein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genistein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Genistein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Genistein","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Genistein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Genistein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genisteol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Genisteol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prunetol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Prunetol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"genistein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"36586"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0061202"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"446-72-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DH2M523P0H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43214"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43214"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H10O5"},{"name":"INFOODS","value":"GNSTEIN"},{"name":"Unit","value":"mcg"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Genistein"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28088"}]}}{"C154552":{"preferredName":"Gentuximab","code":"C154552","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous injection, gentuximab specifically binds to VEGFR-2, preventing the binding of its ligand, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Inhibition of VEGFR-2 signaling may potentially inhibit tumor angiogenesis and decrease nutrient supply to tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell death. VEGFR-2 is a type V receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) expressed on endothelial cells and some tumor cells that regulates endothelial migration and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gentuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555348"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794351"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794351"}]}}{"C104414":{"preferredName":"Geranylgeranyltransferase I Inhibitor","code":"C104414","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that inhibits protein geranylgeranyltransferase type 1 (GGTase-I), with potential antineoplastic activity. GGTase-I is involved in the posttranslational modification of a number of oncogenic GTPases, including K-Ras, N-Ras, RhoA, RhoC, Cdc42, RalA, RalB and Rac1. Inhibition of the prenylation of these oncogenic proteins inhibits both their oncogenic activity and membrane localization. This may result in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Protein geranylgeranylation, catayzed by GGTase-I, plays a critical role in malignant transformation and cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GGTI-I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GGTase-I Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Geranylgeranyltransferase I Inhibitor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Geranylgeranyltransferase I Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445681"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745403"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745403"}]}}{"C116722":{"preferredName":"Gilteritinib","code":"C116722","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, STK1, or FLK2), AXL (UFO or JTK11) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK or CD246), with potential antineoplastic activity. Gilteritinib binds to and inhibits both the wild-type and mutated forms of FLT3, AXL and ALK. This may result in an inhibition of FLT3, AXL, and ALK-mediated signal transduction pathways and reduces tumor cell proliferation in cancer cell types that overexpress these RTKs. FLT3, AXL and ALK, overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cell types, play a key role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Ethyl-3-((3-methoxy-4-(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)phenyl)amino)-5-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)pyrazine-2-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-2215","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP2215","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GILTERITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gilteritinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gilteritinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xospata","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896738"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1254053-43-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"66D92MGC8M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752319"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752319"}]}}{"C119665":{"preferredName":"Gilteritinib Fumarate","code":"C119665","definitions":[{"description":"The fumarate salt form of gilteritinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; STK1; FLK2), AXL (UFO; JTK11), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK; CD246), and leukocyte receptor tyrosine kinase (LTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gilteritinib binds to and inhibits both the wild-type and mutated forms of FLT3, AXL, ALK and LTK. This may result in an inhibition of FLT3-, AXL-, ALK-, and LTK-mediated signal transduction pathways and reduced proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress these RTKs. FLT3, AXL, ALK, and LTK, which are overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cell types, play key roles in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyrazinecarboxamide, 6-ethyl-3-((3-methoxy-4-(4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-piperidinyl)phenyl)amino)-5-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-, (2E)-2-Butenedioate (2:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-2215 Hemifumarate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP2215 Hemifumarate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GILTERITINIB FUMARATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gilteritinib Fumarate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gilteritinib Fumarate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gilteritinib Hemifumarate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xospata","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896946"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1254053-84-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a FLT3 mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5RZZ0Z1GJT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792549"}]}}{"C65804":{"preferredName":"Gimatecan","code":"C65804","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called topoisomerase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable, semi-synthetic lipophilic analogue of camptothecin, a quinoline alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminate, with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Gimatecan binds to and inhibits the activity of topoisomerase I, stabilizing the cleavable complex of topoisomerase I-DNA, which inhibits the religation of single-stranded DNA breaks generated by topoisomerase I; lethal double-stranded DNA breaks occur when the topoisomerase I-DNA complex is encountered by the DNA replication machinery, DNA replication is disrupted, and the tumor cell undergoes apoptosis. Although the mechanism of its antiangiogenic activity has yet to be full elucidated, this agent may inhibit endothelial cell migration, tumor neovascularization, and the expression of proangiogenic basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-t-Butoxyiminomethylcamptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GIMATECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gimatecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gimatecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LBQ707","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ST1481","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"STI481","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gimatecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0969276"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"292618-32-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7KKS9R192F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537638"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537638"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H25N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Gimatecan"}]}}{"C2416":{"preferredName":"Gimeracil","code":"C2416","definitions":[{"description":"A pyridine derivative with antitumor activity. Gimeracil enhances the antitumor activity of fluoropyrimidines by competitively and reversibly inhibiting the enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase causing decreased degradation of the fluoropyrimidines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Chloro-2,4-pyridinediol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDHP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorodihydroxypyridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GIMERACIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gimeracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0535459"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"103766-25-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UA8SE1325T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42587"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42587"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H4ClNO2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Chlorodihydroxypyridine"}]}}{"C103300":{"preferredName":"Ginsenoside Rg3 Capsule","code":"C103300","definitions":[{"description":"A capsule containing the steroidal saponin ginsenoside Rg3 isolated from the root of Panax ginseng, with potential cancer preventive and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon oral administration, ginsenoside Rg3 appears to inhibit endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tubular formation, and promotes cancer cell apoptosis. This agent also modulates the activities of certain growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), on tumor angiogenesis. In addition, ginsenoside Rg3 may be able to sensitize cancer cells to some chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ginsenoside Rg3 Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shen Yi Capsule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0385181"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742493"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742493"}]}}{"C1960":{"preferredName":"Girentuximab","code":"C1960","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against G250, a cell surface antigen found in the majority of renal cell carcinomas. Following binding, monoclonal antibody G250 (mAb G250) may be internalized by G250 antigen-expressing renal carcinoma cells; mAb G250 may be useful as a carrier for radioisotopes and other antineoplastic therapeutic agents. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody cG250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GIRENTUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Girentuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Girentuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb G250","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody G250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rencarex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX-G250","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cG250","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0540128"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"916138-87-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"539B57DFJF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"373829"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"373829"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_G-250"}]}}{"C1373":{"preferredName":"Girodazole","code":"C1373","definitions":[{"description":"A compound isolated from the marine sponge Pseudaxinyssa cantharella exhibiting anti-tumor activity. Studies indicate girodazole acts during the elongation/termination steps of protein synthesis, resulting in protein synthesis inhibition. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Amino-1-[4-(2 amino-1H-imidazolyl)]-propanol, 2HCl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Girodazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giroline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP 49532A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"627434"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0119196"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"135824-74-7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Girodazole"}]}}{"C71716":{"preferredName":"Givinostat","code":"C71716","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable hydroxymate inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) with potential anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and antineoplastic activities. Givinostat inhibits class I and class II HDACs, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. At low, nonapoptotic concentrations, this agent inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-), interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and interferon-gamma. Givinostat has also been shown to activate the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, inducing apoptosis in hepatoma cells and leukemic cells. This agent may also exhibit anti-angiogenic activity, inhibiting the production of angiogenic factors such as IL-6 and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) by bone marrow stromal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GIVINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gavinostat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Givinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ITF2357","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987670"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"497833-27-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5P60F84FBH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560751"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560751"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H27N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HDAC_Inhibitor_ITF2357"}]}}{"C84862":{"preferredName":"Glasdegib","code":"C84862","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Glasdegib appears to inhibit Hh pathway signaling. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair. Constitutive activation of Hh pathway signaling has been observed in various types of malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLASDEGIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glasdegib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glasdegib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 04449913","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04449913","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF04449913","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412426"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1095173-27-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K673DMO5H9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C156894":{"preferredName":"Glasdegib Maleate","code":"C156894","definitions":[{"description":"The maleate salt form of glasdegib, an orally bioavailable small-molecule, smoothened (SMO) receptor inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, glasdegib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SMO. This inhibits the activity of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway and inhibits the growth of tumor cells in which this pathway is aberrantly activated. SMO, a transmembrane protein, is involved in Hh signal transduction. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation, repair, and cancer stem cell (CSC) survival. Constitutive activation of Hh pathway signaling has been observed in various types of malignancies and is associated with uncontrolled cellular proliferation in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-((2R,4R)-2-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-3-(4-cyanophenyl)urea Maleate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daurismo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glasdegib Maleate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glasdegib Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 04449913 Maleate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935991"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"acute myeloid leukemia (AML)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"652940"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"652940"}]}}{"C1114":{"preferredName":"Glaucarubolone","code":"C1114","definitions":[{"description":"A polycyclic lactone quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the seeds of Hannoa undulata and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. This agent also has antiviral and antitumor properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glaucarubolone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Glaucarubolone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"126764"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0061299"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1990-01-8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Glaucarubolone"}]}}{"C160484":{"preferredName":"Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir","code":"C160484","definitions":[{"description":"A fixed dose combination of glecaprevir, an inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A serine protease, and pibrentasvir, an inhibitor of the HCV non-structural protein 5A (NS5A), with activity against HCV genotypes 1-6. Upon oral administration of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir, glecaprevir inhibits the HCV NS3/4A serine protease enzyme, thereby disrupting the cleavage of the virally encoded polyprotein into mature proteins and preventing the formation of the viral replication complex. Pibrentasvir inhibits the activity of the NS5A protein, leading to disruption of the viral RNA replication complex, blockage of HCV RNA production, and inhibition of viral replication. HCV is a small, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family; HCV infection is associated with the development of certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-493/ABT-530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLE/PIB","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glecaprevir-Pibrentasvir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mavyret","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798328"}]}}{"C78449":{"preferredName":"Glembatumumab Vedotin","code":"C78449","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate, consisting of the fully human monoclonal antibody CR011 directed against glycoprotein NMB (GPNMB) and conjugated via a cathepsin B-sensitive valine-citrulline (vc) linkage to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody CR011 moiety binds to glycoprotein nmb (GPNMB), expressed on the surfaces of a variety of cancer cell types; upon endocytosis, the synthetic dolastin analogue MMAE is released via enzymatic cleavage into the tumor cell cytosol, where it binds to tubulin and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. The vc linkage system is highly stable in serum, rendering the cytotoxicity of glembatumumab vedotin specific for GPNMB-positive cells. GPNMB is a transmembrane protein overexpressed on the surfaces of various cancer cell types, including melanoma, breast, and prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibody-Drug Conjugate CR011-vcMMAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CR011-vcMMAE","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CR011-vcMMAE Immunotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLEMBATUMUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glembatumumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glembatumumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698156"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1182215-65-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1568H6A58U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599456"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599456"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Antibody-Drug_Conjugate_CR011-vcMMAE"}]}}{"C77876":{"preferredName":"Glesatinib","code":"C77876","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Glesatinib binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), including the c-Met receptor (hepatocyte growth factor receptor); the Tek/Tie-2 receptor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) types 1, 2, and 3; and the macrophage-stimulating 1 receptor (MST1R or RON). Inhibition of these RTKs and their downstream signaling pathways may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation in tumors overexpressing these RTKs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLESATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glesatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glesatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG90265","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG90265X","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGCD265","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TKI MGCD265","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383618"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"936694-12-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7Q29OXD98N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"597305"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"597305"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_MGCD265"}]}}{"C107502":{"preferredName":"Glioblastoma Cancer Vaccine ERC1671","code":"C107502","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of a combination of autologous glioblastoma (GBM) tumor cells, allogeneic GBM tumor cells, generated from three different GBM donor cancer patients, and the lysates of all of these cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal administration of GBM cancer vaccine ERC1671, the mixture of the autologous and allogeneic cells and lysates stimulates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GBM-associated antigens, which leads to the destruction of glioblastoma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERC-1671","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERC1671","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma Cancer Vaccine ERC1671","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma Cancer Vaccine ERC1671","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliovac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL451748"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751319"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751319"}]}}{"C94211":{"preferredName":"Glioblastoma Multiforme Multipeptide Vaccine IMA950","code":"C94211","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of 11 peptides associated with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with glioblastoma multiforme multi-antigen vaccine IMA950 stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response as well as a T-helper (Th) immune response against tumor cells expressing these peptides, potentially resulting in decreased tumor growth of GBM. Peptides in IMA950 consist of the following: brevican (BCAN); chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4); fatty acid binding protein 7, brain (FABP7); insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3); neuroligin 4, X-linked (NLGN4X); neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NRCAM); protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor-type, Z polypeptide 1 (PTPRZ1); tenascin C (TNC); Met proto-oncogene (MET); baculoviral IAP repeat-containing 5 (BIRC5); and hepatitis B virus core antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glioblastoma Multiforme Multipeptide Vaccine IMA950","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma Multiforme Multipeptide Vaccine IMA950","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA950","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426024"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687015"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687015"}]}}{"C139000":{"preferredName":"Glioma Lysate Vaccine GBM6-AD","code":"C139000","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic cell lysate-based vaccine derived from the glioma stem cell line GBM6-AD, which was isolated from the brain tumor of a patient diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the glioma lysate vaccine GBM6-AD exposes the immune system to an undefined amount of glioma-associated antigens (GAAs), and stimulates the immune system to mount a specific anti-tumoral, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated response against the GAA-expressing cells, resulting in glioma cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GBM6-AD","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GBM6-AD Lysate Protein Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioma Cell Lysate Vaccine GBM6-AD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioma Lysate Vaccine GBM6-AD","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glioma Lysate Vaccine GBM6-AD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526538"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790956"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790956"}]}}{"C114496":{"preferredName":"Glioma-associated Peptide-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine SL-701","code":"C114496","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based cancer vaccine comprised of dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with various, synthetic glioma-associated antigen (GAA) peptides, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, the glioma-associated peptide-loaded DC vaccine SL-701 exposes the immune system to various GAA peptides. This may stimulate both anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against the GAA-expressing glioma cells, which may result in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glioma-associated Peptide-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine SL-701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472322"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759093"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759093"}]}}{"C119745":{"preferredName":"Globo H-DT Vaccine OBI-833","code":"C119745","definitions":[{"description":"A carbohydrate-based vaccine comprised of the Globo H hexasaccharide 1 (Globo H) antigen conjugated to DT-CRM197, a non-toxic, mutated form of diphtheria toxin (DT), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of Globo H-DT vaccine OBI-833, the carbohydrate antigen Globo H may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against Globo H-expressing tumor cells, thereby decreasing tumor cell proliferation. The hexasaccharide Globo H is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) commonly found on a variety of tumor cells. DT-CRM197, also called diphtheria toxin cross-reacting material 197, is used to increase the immunogenicity of the Globo H carbohydrate antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Globo H-CRM197 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Globo H-DT Vaccine OBI-833","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI-833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896801"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767196"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767196"}]}}{"C346":{"preferredName":"Glucarpidase","code":"C346","definitions":[{"description":"A bacterial enzyme that breaks down proteins and other substances, including methotrexate. It is being studied in the treatment of toxic effects caused by methotrexate. It may also help activate certain drugs to kill cancer cells. It is a type of chemoprotective agent and a type of prodrug activator.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A zinc-dependent enzyme isolated from a strain of the bacterium Pseudomonas. Because glucarpidase rapidly hydrolyzes methotrexate into inactive metabolites, it may be useful as a rescue agent for methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity. In antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT), this agent is conjugated with an antibody that binds to a specific tumor cell type, allowing for glucarpidase-catalyzed activation of a co-administered prodrug at the site of the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acetylaspartylglutamate Dipeptidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPDG2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPG2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboxypeptidase G2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLUCARPIDASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glucarpidase","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glucarpidase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly(gamma-glutamic Acid) Endohydrolase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pteroylpolygammaglutamyl Hydrolase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Voraxaze","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carboxypeptidase-G2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"732443"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"641273"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007072"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9074-87-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2GFP9BJD79"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41665"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41665"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H20O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Carboxypeptidase-G2"}]}}{"C162509":{"preferredName":"Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ORIC-101","code":"C162509","definitions":[{"description":"A mifepristone-based steroidal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ORIC-101 selectively binds to GRs, thereby inhibiting the activation of GR-mediated proliferative and anti-apoptotic gene expression pathways. The GR, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors, is overexpressed in certain tumor types and may be associated with tumor cell proliferation and treatment resistance. Inhibition of GR activity may potentially slow tumor cell growth and disease progression in certain cancers. Due to its reduced androgen receptor (AR) agonistic activity and improved cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) and 2C9 (CYP2C9) inhibition profile, ORIC-101 may be useful in the treatment of AR-positive tumors with reduced potential for drug-drug interactions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GR Antagonist ORIC-101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ORIC-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ORIC-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORIC 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORIC-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORIC101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798818"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798818"}]}}{"C1612":{"preferredName":"Glufosfamide","code":"C1612","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A compound consisting of the mustard agent ifosforamide conjugated to glucose, with potential alkylating activity. Glufosfamide is cleaved by glucosidases in tumor cells and forms ifosforamide. In turn, ifosforamide alkylates and forms DNA crosslinks, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and subsequent cell growth. The glucose moiety may enhance this agent's uptake by tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Beta-D-Glucosyl-Ifosfamide Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-19575","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLUFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glufosfamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glufosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"glc-IPM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"glufosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0380377"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"132682-98-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1W5N8SZD9A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42676"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42676"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H21Cl2N2O7P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Glufosfamide"}]}}{"C156700":{"preferredName":"Glumetinib","code":"C156700","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, glumetinib targets and binds to the c-Met protein, thereby disrupting c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLUMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glumetinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCC 244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCC-244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCC244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935869"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1642581-63-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7JTT036WGX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795718"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795718"}]}}{"C114381":{"preferredName":"Glutaminase Inhibitor CB-839","code":"C114381","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of glutaminase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CB-839 selectively and irreversibly inhibits glutaminase, a mitochondrial enzyme that is essential for the conversion of the amino acid glutamine into glutamate. By blocking glutamine utilization, proliferation in rapidly growing cells is impaired. Glutamine-dependent tumors rely on the conversion of exogenous glutamine into glutamate and glutamate metabolites to both provide energy and generate building blocks for the production of macromolecules, which are needed for cellular growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CB-839","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glutaminase Inhibitor CB-839","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glutaminase Inhibitor CB-839","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827146"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758477"}]}}{"C150413":{"preferredName":"Glutaminase Inhibitor CB-839 Hydrochloride","code":"C150413","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of CB-839, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of glutaminase, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon oral administration, CB-839 selectively and reversibly binds to and inhibits human glutaminase, an enzyme that is essential for the conversion of the amino acid glutamine into glutamate. Blocking glutamine metabolism inhibits proliferation in rapidly growing tumor cells and leads to an induction of cell death. Unlike normal healthy cells, glutamine-dependent tumors heavily rely on the intracellular conversion of exogenous glutamine into glutamate and glutamate metabolites to both provide energy and generate building blocks for the production of macromolecules, which are needed for cellular growth and survival. In addition, CB-839 causes accumulation of glutamine in tumor cells and increases glutamine concentration in the tumor microenvironment (TME) upon cell death. As glutamine is essential for T-cell generation, CB-839 may also enhance T-cell proliferation and activation in the TME, which may lead to further killing of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyridineacetamide, N-(5-(4-(6-((2-(3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)acetyl)amino)-3-pyridazinyl)butyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-, Hydrochloride (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB-839 HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glutaminase Inhibitor CB-839 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glutaminase Inhibitor CB-839 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552142"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1874231-60-3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C106121":{"preferredName":"Glutathione Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Formulation 2B3-101","code":"C106121","definitions":[{"description":"A glutathione (GSH) pegylated, liposome-encapsulated preparation of the hydrochloride salt form of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential anetineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the glutathione pegylated liposomal formulation 2B3-101 specifically delivers doxorubicin into the brain. Doxorubicin intercalates between DNA base pairs and interferes with topoisomerase II activity, which inhibits both DNA replication and RNA synthesis, resulting in cancer cell death and tumor regression. Doxorubicin also generates reactive oxygen species, which causes cell membrane lipid peroxidation leading to cytotoxicity. The pegylated liposomal delivery of doxorubicin improves drug penetration into tumors and prolongs circulation time, thereby increasing doxorubicin's efficacy and decreasing its toxicity. Conjugation of GSH to the PEG molecules directs the liposomes to the GSH transporters on the blood brain barrier (BBB) and improves the delivery of doxorubicin into the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2B3-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glutathione Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Formulation 2B3-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827174"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748730"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748730"}]}}{"C151952":{"preferredName":"Glyco-engineered Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody CHO H01","code":"C151952","definitions":[{"description":"A glyco-engineered monoclonal antibody directed against the human B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of glyco-engineered anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody CHO H01, the antibody specifically targets and binds to CD20. This induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B-cells, which leads to B-cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. In addition, CHO H01 inhibits CD20-mediated signaling which further induces apoptosis in and inhibits proliferation of CD20-expressing tumor cells. CD20, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development, is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. The Fc-glycans are homogenously engineered onto the antibody and increase ADCC, anti-tumor activity and the half-life of the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHO H01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHO-H01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glyco-engineered Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody CHO H01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553180"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793171"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793171"}]}}{"C97917":{"preferredName":"Glycooptimized Trastuzumab-GEX","code":"C97917","definitions":[{"description":"A glycoengineered form of a monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Glycooptimized trastuzumab-GEX specifically binds to the extracellular domain of HER2, thereby inducing an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against HER2-expressing tumor cells. This eventually results in apoptosis and growth inhibition of tumor cells. HER2, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase EGFR superfamily, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumors. This agent has a specific glycosylation profile that may enhance its ADCC response against HER2-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ant-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody GT-Mab 7.3-GEX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GT-Mab 7.3-GEX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glycooptimized Trastuzumab-GEX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TrasGEX","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430400"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"708211"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"708211"}]}}{"C74037":{"preferredName":"Gold Sodium Thiomalate","code":"C74037","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of gold thiomalic acid, an organogold compound with antirheumatic and potential antineoplastic activities. Gold sodium thiomalate (GST) appears to inhibit the activity of atypical protein kinase C iota (PKCiota) by forming a cysteinyl-aurothiomalate adduct with the cysteine residue Cys-69 within the PB1 binding domain of PKCiota. This prevents the binding of Par6 (Partitioning defective protein 6) to PKCiota, thereby inhibiting PKCiota-mediated oncogenic signaling, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, the promotion of tumor cell differentiation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Atypical PKCiota, a serine/threonine kinase overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types, plays an important role in cancer proliferation, invasion, and survival; Par6 is a scaffold protein that facilitates atypical PKC-mediated phosphorylation of cytoplasmic proteins involved in epithelial and neuronal cell polarization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurolate","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurothiomalate Disodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOLD SODIUM THIOMALATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gold Sodium Thiomalate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gold Sodium Thiomalate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myochrysine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018034"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"12244-57-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E4768ZY6GM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581226"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Gold_Sodium_Thiomalate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:5516"}]}}{"C26444":{"preferredName":"Golnerminogene Pradenovec","code":"C26444","definitions":[{"description":"A gene therapy product that is being studied in combination with radiation therapy in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant agent consisting of a genetically-modified adenovirus 5 vector encoding the protein cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha. TNF exhibits potent anti-tumor cytolytic properties; the adenovirus 5 vector efficiently infects tumor cells, delivering tumor-specific TNF.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADgv EGR.TNF.11D","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ad 5-TNF Alpha","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenovirus 5-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Golnerminogene Pradenovec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Golnerminogene Pradenovec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFerade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TNFerade","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327819"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"957472-14-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Treatment of solid tumors including pancreatic cancer"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"258431"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"258431"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Adenovirus_5-Tumor_Necrosis_Factor_Alpha"}]}}{"C76497":{"preferredName":"Golotimod","code":"C76497","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable synthetic peptide containing the amino acids D-glutamine and L-tryptophan connected by a gamma-glutamyl linkage with potential immunostimulating, antimicrobial and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, golotimod appears to inhibit the expression of STAT-3, reversing immunosuppression and stimulating an anti-tumor immune response. This agent may stimulate the production of T-lymphocytes, in particular the helper T (Th1) cells, activate macrophages, and increase levels of interleukin 2 and interferon gamma. STAT-3, a transcription factor upregulated in many cancer cell types, is involved in tumor cell growth and survival and immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2R)-2-Amino-5-(((1S)-1-carboxy-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-oxopentanoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOLOTIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gamma-D-Glutamyl-L-Tryptophan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Golotimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Golotimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCV 07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCV-07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCV07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gamma-D-Glu-L-trp","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1173247"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"229305-39-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"637C487Y09"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617379"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617379"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H19N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Golotimod"}]}}{"C82363":{"preferredName":"Golvatinib","code":"C82363","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable dual kinase inhibitor of c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) and VEGFR-2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2) tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met/VEGFR kinase inhibitor E7050 binds to and inhibits the activities of both c-Met and VEGFR-2, which may inhibit tumor cell growth and survival of tumor cells that overexpress these receptor tyrosine kinases. c-Met and VEGFR-2 are upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and play important roles in tumor cell growth, migration and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-cyclopropanedicarboxamide, N-(2-fluoro-4-((2-(((4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-piperidinyl)carbonyl)amino)-4-pyridinyl)oxy)phenyl)-N'-(4-fluorophenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOLVATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Golvatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Golvatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met/VEGFR-2 Kinase Inhibitor E7050","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3642430"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"928037-13-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"516Z3YP58E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640626"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640626"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H37F2N7O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"c-Met_VEGFR_Kinase_Inhibitor_E7050"}]}}{"C1910":{"preferredName":"Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Analog","code":"C1910","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that keeps the testicles and ovaries from making sex hormones by blocking other hormones that are needed to make them. In men, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists cause the testicles to stop making testosterone. In women, they cause the ovaries to stop making estrogen and progesterone. Some gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists are used to treat prostate cancer. Also called GnRH agonist, LH-RH agonist, and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic analogue of the endogenous hormone gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GnRH analogue mimics endogenous GnRH and strongly binds to and activates pituitary GnRH receptors, which stimulates the synthesis and secretion of the gonadotropic hormones, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Continuous, prolonged activation by the GnRH analogue results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and receptor downregulation. This causes inhibition of pituitary gonadotropin secretion of LH and FSH. In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the production and release of testosterone from Leydig cells in the testes and causes a significant decline in testosterone production that is near the levels seen after castration. This may inhibit androgen receptor-positive tumor progression. In females, this results in a decrease in estradiol production. GnRH, also called luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH), is normally synthesized in and secreted by the hypothalamus. Synthetic analogues of GnRH have a stronger receptor binding affinity than the endogenous form.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GnRH Agonist","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GnRH Analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analogue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Analog","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Analog","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LH-RH Analogs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LH-RH agonist","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LHRH Agonist","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1268900"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42628"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42628"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Luteinizing_Hormone-releasing_Hormone_Agonist"}]}}{"C1374":{"preferredName":"Goserelin","code":"C1374","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that belongs to the family of drugs called gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues. Goserelin is used to block hormone production in the ovaries or testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic decapeptide analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) with antineoplastic activity. Goserelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Prolonged administration of goserelin inhibits the secretion of pituitary gonadotropin, thereby decreasing levels of testosterone (in males) and estradiol (in females). Administration of this agent in a depot formulation may result in the regression of sex hormone-sensitive tumors and a reduction in sex organ size and function. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-[O-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-D-serine]-10-deglycinamide Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor (Pig) 2-(aminocarbonyl)hydrazide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOSERELIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Goserelin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Goserelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI-118630","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"goserelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0120107"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65807-02-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; Endometrial-thinning; Endometriosis; In vitro fertilization; Prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0F65R8P09N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C59H84N18O14"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Goserelin"}]}}{"C1417":{"preferredName":"Goserelin Acetate","code":"C1417","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt of a synthetic decapeptide analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). Continuous, prolonged administration of goserelin in males results in inhibition of pituitary gonadotropin secretion, leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D-Ser(bu(t))(6)azgly(10)-LHRH Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOSERELIN ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Goserelin Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Goserelin Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZDX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zoladex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Zoladex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"606864"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700476"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65807-02-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast Carcinoma; Prostate Carcinoma; Endometriosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6YUU2PV0U8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40224"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40224"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C59H84N18O14.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Goserelin_Acetate"}]}}{"C156710":{"preferredName":"Goserelin Acetate Extended-release Microspheres LY01005","code":"C156710","definitions":[{"description":"A long-acting, extended-release microsphere formulation of the acetate form of goserelin, a synthetic decapeptide analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, goserelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Prolonged administration of goserelin inhibits the secretion of pituitary gonadotropin, thereby decreasing levels of testosterone (in males) and estradiol (in females). Administration of this agent in an extended-release formulation may result in the regression of sex hormone-sensitive tumors and a reduction in sex organ size and function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Goserelin Acetate Extended-release Microspheres","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Goserelin Acetate Extended-release Microspheres LY01005","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 01005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-01005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY01005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935864"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795737"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795737"}]}}{"C529":{"preferredName":"Gossypol","code":"C529","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It comes from the seed of the cotton plant (Gossypium). It blocks the growth of cells and may kill cancer cells. Cottonseed meal toxin may also act as a male contraceptive (a type of birth control).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active polyphenolic aldehyde with potential antineoplastic activity. Derived primarily from unrefined cottonseed oil, gossypol induces cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and inducing apoptosis. This agent also inhibits cell-signaling enzymes, resulting in inhibition of cell growth, and may act as a male contraceptive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+/-)-Gossypol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(2,2'-Binaphthalene)-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6'7, 7'-hexahydroxy-5,5'-diisopropyl-3,3'-dimethyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,1',6,6',7,7'-Hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)[2,2'-binaphthalene]-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,1',6,6',7,7'-Hexahydroxy-5,5'-diisopropyl-3-3'-dimethyl[2,2'-binaphthalene]-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,2'-bis(1,6,7-trihydroxy-4-methyl-5-isopropyl-8-aldehydonaphthalene)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,2'-bis[8-Formyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-5-isopropyl-3-methylnaphthalene]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL-193","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cottonseed Meal Toxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOSSYPOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GOSSYPOL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Gossypol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Gossypol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"No Fertil","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pogosin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tash 1","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cottonseed meal toxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"gossypol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"624336"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"56817"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018096"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"303-45-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KAV15B369O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"505287"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"505287"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H30O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Gossypol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28584"}]}}{"C1118":{"preferredName":"Gossypol Acetic Acid","code":"C1118","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It is a form of a chemical taken from the seed of the cotton plant (Gossypium). It blocks the growth of cells and may kill cancer cells. Gossypol acetic acid may also act as a male contraceptive (form of birth control).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The naturally occurring acetic acid form of gossypol, and an orally available polyphenolic aldehyde derived mostly from cottonseed with potential antineoplastic activity. The biologic activities of gossypol acetic acid are similar to those of gossypol and include suppression of DNA replication, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and male contraceptive effects. 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Upon administration of grapiprant, this agent selectively binds to and inhibits the binding of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prevents the activation of the EP4 receptor. This inhibits PGE2-EP4 receptor-mediated signaling and prevents proliferation in tumor cells in which the PGE2-EP4 signaling pathway is over-activated. In addition, EP4 receptor inhibition modulates the immune system by preventing both interleukin-23 (IL-23) production and the IL-23-mediated expansion of Th17 cells. As EP4 is expressed by peripheral sensory neurons, blockade of EP4-mediated signaling may induce an analgesic effect. EP4, a prostanoid receptor subtype, is a G protein-coupled receptor that is expressed in certain types of cancers; it promotes tumor cell proliferation and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AAT-007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CJ 023,423","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CJ-023,423","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CJ023,423","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRAPIPRANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Grapiprant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Grapiprant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[[2,4-(2-ethyl-4,6-dimethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-1-yl)phenylethylamino]carbonyl]-4-methyl-benzenesulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RQ-00000007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RQ-07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2001392"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"415903-37-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J9F5ZPH7NB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776626"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776626"}]}}{"C97514":{"preferredName":"Green Tea Extract-based Antioxidant Supplement","code":"C97514","definitions":[{"description":"A dietary supplement containing a green tea extract including the catechin epigallocatechin gallate and other vitamins and antioxidants, with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. The polyphenols in green tea act as antioxidants and scavenge free radicals which may inhibit cellular oxidation and prevent free radical damage to cells. In addition, polyphenols may affect enzymes involved in cellular reproduction and tumor angiogenesis by modulating angiogenic factors. Other ingredients in green tea extract-based antioxidant supplement include dry cinnamon extract, germanium, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, arginine, cysteine, malic acid, ascorbic acid (vitamin c), glycyrrhizinic acid, glycine, glucosamine, pyridoxal (vitamin B6), calcium pantothenate (vitamin B5), folic acid, cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Green Tea Extract-based Antioxidant Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncoxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430258"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703891"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703891"}]}}{"C95209":{"preferredName":"Guadecitabine","code":"C95209","definitions":[{"description":"A dinucleotide antimetabolite of a decitabine linked via phosphodiester bond to a guanosine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following metabolic activation by phosphorylation and incorporation into DNA, guadecitabine inhibits DNA methyltransferase, thereby causing genome-wide and non-specific hypomethylation, and inducing cell cycle arrest at S-phase. This agent is resistant to cytidine deaminase, hence may result in gradual release of decitabine both extra and intracellularly, leading to more prolonged exposures to decitabine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNMT inhibitor SGI-110","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GUADECITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Guadecitabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Guadecitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGI-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986994"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2KT4YN1DP7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691684"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691684"}]}}{"C65826":{"preferredName":"Guanabenz Acetate","code":"C65826","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable, acetate salt form of guanabenz, a centrally-acting alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, with anti-hypertensive and potential antineoplastic, cytoprotective and bone resorption inhibitory activities. Upon oral administration, guanabenz suppresses endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by inhibiting the stress-induced dephosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2a), thereby enhancing the phosphorylation level of eIF2a. This causes elF2a-mediated downregulation of the Rac1 pathway, upregulates the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), which plays a key role in osteoblastogenesis, and downregulates the expression of nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), which is a transcription factor that plays a key role in osteoclastogenesis. This enhances osteoblastogenesis and suppresses osteoclastogenesis. Altogether, this promotes new bone formation and prevents bone degradation. In addition, guanabenz blocks the proliferation, survival, motility and invasiveness of tumor cells through the eIF2a-mediated downregulation of Rac1 signaling. Rac1, a Ras-related small GTPase belonging to the Rho family, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival and motility.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-((2,6-Dichlorophenyl)methylene)carbazamidine Monoacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GUANABENZ ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Guanabenz Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Guanabenz Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wytensin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018313"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"23256-50-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"443O19GK1A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772252"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772252"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H8Cl2N4.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Guanabenz_Acetate"}]}}{"C150390":{"preferredName":"Guselkumab","code":"C150390","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, human, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) kappa, monoclonal antibody directed against the p19 protein subunit of interleukin-23 (IL-23), with immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, guselkumab binds to the p19 subunit of IL-23, thereby blocking the binding of IL-23 to the IL-23 receptor. This inhibits IL-23-mediated signaling and the differentiation of CD4-positive T-cells into Th1 and Th17 cells. This prevents Th1- and Th17-mediated immune responses and inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This may prevent or reduce symptoms and severity of immune-mediated inflammatory disorders. IL-23 plays a key role in the regulation of inflammation and the immune system, and modulates the release of various pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. It is upregulated in various immune-mediated inflammatory disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNTO 1959","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Guselkumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Guselkumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tremfya","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552160"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792847"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792847"}]}}{"C1598":{"preferredName":"Gusperimus Trihydrochloride","code":"C1598","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of the antitumor antibiotic spergualin with immunosuppressant activity. Gusperimus inhibits the interleukin-2-stimulated maturation of T cells to the S and G2/M phases and the polarization of the T cells into IFN-gamma-secreting Th1 effector T cells, resulting in the inhibition of growth of activated naive CD4 T cells; this agent may suppress growth of certain T-cell leukemia cell lines. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+-)-15-Deoxyspergualin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-Amino-19-guanidino-11-hydroxy-4,9,12-triazanonadecane-10,13-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"15-Deoxyspergualin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"15-Deoxyspergualin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-[(Aminoiminomethyl)amino]-N-[2-[[4-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]butyl]amnio]-1-hydroxy-2-oxoethyl]heptanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-181173","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMY-42215-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DSG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxyspergualin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Deoxyspergualin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxyspergualin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GUSPERIMUS TRIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gusperimus Trihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[[[4-[(3-Aminopropyl)amino]-butyl]carbamoyl]hydroxymethyl]-7-guanidinoheptanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKT-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spanidin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"356894"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0284559"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"84937-45-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QZS4144IO0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40369"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40369"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H37N7O3.3HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Gusperimus"}]}}{"C1532":{"preferredName":"Gutolactone","code":"C1532","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Simaba guianensis with potential antineoplastic and antimalarial activities. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gutolactone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0250977"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"152369-48-7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Gutolactone"}]}}{"C2024":{"preferredName":"H-ras Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide ISIS 2503","code":"C2024","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide. Functioning as an anti-sense agent, it hybridizes to the translation initiation region of the human mRNA for the oncogene H-Ras. ISIS 2503 selectively inhibits the expression of H-Ras, and may inhibit the growth of some Ras-dependent tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H-RAS Antisense","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H-ras Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide ISIS 2503","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS 2503","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ISIS 2503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS-2503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS2503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"718878"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879385"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37795"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37795"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ISIS_2503"}]}}{"C114284":{"preferredName":"H1299 Tumor Cell Lysate Vaccine","code":"C114284","definitions":[{"description":"A cell lysate derived from a lung cancer cell line, H1299, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration, the H1299 tumor cell lysate exposes the immune system to an undefined amount of tumor associated antigens (TAA), particularly cancer testis antigens (CTAs), which may result in the induction of both anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) and antibody-dependent responses against TAA-expressing cells, leading to tumor cell lysis. CTAs, such as MAGE, are selectively expressed in a variety of cancers but are not expressed in normal, healthy cells outside the testis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H1299 Lysate Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H1299 Tumor Cell Lysate Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471792"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757927"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757927"}]}}{"C148522":{"preferredName":"HAAH Lambda phage Vaccine SNS-301","code":"C148522","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based cancer vaccine composed of a neutralized bacteriophage Lambda construct that is genetically engineered to contain peptide fragments of human aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase (HAAH; ASPH) on its surface and are fused to the C-terminus of the head protein of phage lambda gpD, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. HAAH lambda phage vaccine SNS-301 also contains DNA fragments representing the phage CpG motif that activate the MHC class II pathway. Upon intradermal administration of the HAAH lambda phage vaccine SNS-301, the bacteriophage exposes the immune system to HAAH, producing a HAAH-specific antibody response, and may activate the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against HAAH-expressing tumor cells. HAAH is a transmembrane protein and highly conserved enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of aspartyl and asparaginyl residues in epidermal growth factor-like domains of substrate proteins. HAAH is normally expressed in fetal development and is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, while its expression is nearly absent in healthy, normal cells. HAAH plays a key role in cancer cell growth, cell motility and invasiveness. Its expression is associated with a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bacteriophage Cancer Vaccine SNS-301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HAAH Lambda phage Vaccine SNS-301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HAAH Lambda phage Vaccine SNS-301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HAAH-1/2/3 Lambda Phage Vaccine SNS-301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle HAAH Vaccine SNS-301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAN 301-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAN-301-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS 301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551142"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792681"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792681"}]}}{"C121570":{"preferredName":"HCV DNA Vaccine INO-8000","code":"C121570","definitions":[{"description":"A multi-antigen DNA vaccine consisting of plasmids encoding the hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural proteins 3 (NS3), 4A (NS4A), 4B (NS4B) and 5A (NS5A), with potential immunomodulating and cancer preventive activities. Administered via intramuscular injection followed by electroporation, cells transfected with the HCV DNA vaccine INO-8000 express the encoded HCV proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HCV-infected liver cells expressing the NS3, NS4A, NS4B or NS5A proteins. This results in the eradication of HCV-infected cells. HCV, a small, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family, is associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HCV DNA Vaccine INO-8000","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HCV DNA Vaccine INO-8000","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-8000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053630"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771488"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771488"}]}}{"C160706":{"preferredName":"HDAC Class I/IIb Inhibitor HG146","code":"C160706","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) classes I and IIb with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, HDAC I/IIb inhibitor HG146 selectively inhibits the catalytic activity of class I and IIb HDACs, which results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, which inhibits tumor cell division and induces tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins. Class I HDACs are located in the nucleus and include HDACs 1, 2, 3, and 8; class IIb HDACs include HDAC 6 and 10 and are located in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Class I/IIb HDACi HG146","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Class I/IIb Inhibitor HG146","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC I/IIb Selective Inhibitor HG146","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HG 146","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HG-146","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HG0146","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HG146","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HG280146","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HG280146-P1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797880"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797880"}]}}{"C116850":{"preferredName":"HDAC Inhibitor AR-42","code":"C116850","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available phenylbutyrate-derived histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR-42 inhibits the catalytic activity of HDAC, which results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, which inhibits tumor cell division and induces tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-N-hydroxy-4-(3-methyl-2-phenylbutanamido)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AR-42","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor AR-42","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor AR-42","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC-42","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSU-HDAC42","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2001522"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"935881-37-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673209"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673209"}]}}{"C82690":{"preferredName":"HDAC Inhibitor CHR-2845","code":"C82690","definitions":[{"description":"A hydroxamic acid-derived histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. CHR-2845 inhibits HDAC leading to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, which may result in chromatin remodeling, inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, inhibition of tumor cell division, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins; this agent may specifically target HDACs in cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHR-2845","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor CHR-2845","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor CHR-2845","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830214"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633696"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633696"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HDAC_Inhibitor_CHR-2845"}]}}{"C148157":{"preferredName":"HDAC Inhibitor CKD-581","code":"C148157","definitions":[{"description":"A highly water-soluble, pan histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, HDAC inhibitor CKD-581 targets and inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling, and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, which results in the inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor cell types, are a family of metalloenzymes responsible for the deacetylation of chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CKD 581","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CKD-581","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CKD581","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor CKD-581","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550791"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792522"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792522"}]}}{"C112177":{"preferredName":"HDAC Inhibitor CXD101","code":"C112177","definitions":[{"description":"A novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact therapeutic mechanism of action for CXD101 is not known, oral administration of this agent should inhibit the catalytic activity of HDAC, which results in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. HDAC, a family of enzymes upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin-associated histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 9468","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD9468","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CXD-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CXD101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor CXD101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor CXD101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454389"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5TNV87ICD2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754547"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754547"}]}}{"C120312":{"preferredName":"HDAC Inhibitor MPT0E028","code":"C120312","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable N-hydroxyacrylamide-derived inhibitor of both human pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes and the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, HDAC inhibitor MPT0E028 selectively binds to and inhibits HDACs, which inhibits deacetylation of histone proteins and leads to the accumulation of highly acetylated histones. This may result in both an induction of chromatin remodeling, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes. This prevents cell division and induces both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, which may inhibit the proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. In addition, MPT0E028 inhibits the phosphorylation and activation of Akt, which prevents the activation of downstream signaling pathways, independent of its HDAC inhibitory activity. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor cell types, are a family of enzymes that deacetylate histone proteins. Akt, overexpressed in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-N-hydroxy-3-(1-(phenylsulfonyl)indolin-5-yl)acrylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-(1-Benzenesulfonyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-5-yl)-N-hydroxy-acrylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor MPT0E028","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPT 0E028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPT-0E028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPT0E028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3661262"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1338320-94-7"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768773"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768773"}]}}{"C121665":{"preferredName":"HDAC Inhibitor OBP-801","code":"C121665","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, OBP-801 inhibits the activity of HDACs; this results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This may inhibit proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. HDAC, which is upregulated in many tumor cell types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor OBP-801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor OBP-801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor OBP-801","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBP-801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM753","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3661318"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771191"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771191"}]}}{"C94225":{"preferredName":"HDAC inhibitor CG200745","code":"C94225","definitions":[{"description":"A histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. CG200745 inhibits the catalytic activity of HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. In particular, this agent enhances the histone acetylation of the tumor suppressor gene p53. This results in an accumulation of p53, p53-dependent transactivation and apoptosis in tumor cells. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-N(1)-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-N(8)-hydroxy-2-((naphthalene-1-loxy)methyl)oct-2-enediamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CG200745","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC inhibitor CG200745","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3492625"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688308"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688308"}]}}{"C78850":{"preferredName":"HDAC/EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor CUDC-101","code":"C78850","definitions":[{"description":"A multi-targeted, small-molecule inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR/ErbB1), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 tyrosine kinase (HER2/neu or ErbB2) with potential antineoplastic activity. HDAC/EGFR/HER2 inhibitor CUDC-101 inhibits the activity of these three enzymes but the exact mechanism of action is presently unknown. This agent may help overcome resistance to inhibition of EGFR and Her2 through a simultaneous, synergistic inhibition of EGFR, Her2, and HDAC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CUDC-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC/EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor CUDC-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HDAC/EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor CUDC-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703140"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612729"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612729"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HDAC_EGFR_HER2_Inhibitor_CUDC-101"}]}}{"C135629":{"preferredName":"HDAC6 Inhibitor KA2507","code":"C135629","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) type 6 (HDAC6; HDAC-6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, KA2507 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of HDAC6. This results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. Specifically, inhibition of HDAC6 prevents STAT3 activity, which leads to a reduction in programmed death-1 (PD-1) expression. Eventually, this results in a selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and an induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress HDAC6. HDAC6, which is upregulated in many tumor cell types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDAC6 Inhibitor KA2507","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HDAC6 Inhibitor KA2507","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC6i KA2507","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KA2507","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522984"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788956"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788956"}]}}{"C159496":{"preferredName":"HDAC8 Inhibitor NBM-BMX","code":"C159496","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) type 8 (HDAC8; HDAC-8), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, NBM-BMX targets and inhibits the activity of HDAC8. This results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, chromatin remodeling, and selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, ultimately promoting cell-cycle arrest and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC8, a class 1 histone deacetylase, plays a key role in transcriptional regulation and cell cycle progression. Aberrant expression of HDAC8 or deregulated interactions with transcription factors may contribute to tumorigenesis. Isotype-selective HDAC inhibitors may be associated with fewer adverse effects compared to pan-HDAC inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDAC8 Inhibitor NBM-BMX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC8i NBM-BMX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBM BMX","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBM-BMX","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBMBMX","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797563"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797563"}]}}{"C116325":{"preferredName":"HDM2 Inhibitor HDM201","code":"C116325","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable human double minute 2 homolog (HDM2) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. HDM2 inhibitor HDM201 inhibits the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited, which may result in the restoration of both p53 signaling and p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2, a zinc finger protein and negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is often overexpressed in cancer cells and has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDM2 Inhibitor HDM201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HDM2 Inhibitor HDM201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDM201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473659"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761551"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761551"}]}}{"C116867":{"preferredName":"HDM2 Inhibitor MK-8242","code":"C116867","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human homolog of double minute 2 (HDM2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HDM2 inhibitor MK-8242 inhibits the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the degradation of p53 is inhibited, which may result in the restoration of p53 signaling. This induces p53-mediated tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2 is a member of the RING finger-type family of E3 ubiquitin protein ligases and targets p53 for degradation; it is often overexpressed in cancer cells and has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDM2 Inhibitor MK-8242","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HDM2 Inhibitor MK-8242","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8242","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 900242","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433891"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714504"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714504"}]}}{"C128283":{"preferredName":"HER-2-positive B-cell Peptide Antigen P467-DT-CRM197/Montanide Vaccine IMU-131","code":"C128283","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a fusion peptide, composed of three peptides derived from the extracellular domain (ECD) of the HER2 peptide antigen found on B-cells (P4, P6 and P7; P467), conjugated to the carrier protein DT-CRM197, a non-toxic, mutated form of diphtheria toxin (DT), and combined with the immunoadjuvant montanide ISA 51, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IMU-131 vaccine induces the production of polyclonal antibodies against the HER2 protein. In turn, the antibodies bind to three separate binding sites on HER2 expressed on tumor cells and inhibit HER2 dimerization and activity, which leads to the inhibition of HER2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This induces apoptosis in and reduces cellular proliferation of HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, IMU-131 induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the HER2-expressing tumor cells. The tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HER2, also called Neu or ErbB2, is a tyrosine kinase receptor for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and is often overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types. Montanide ISA 51, also known as incomplete Freund's adjuvant or IFA, is a stabilized water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion adjuvant containing mineral oil with mannide oleate added as a surfactant that non-specifically stimulates cell-mediated immune responses to antigens. DT-CRM197 is used to increase the immunogenicity of the HER2/neu peptide antigen. In P467, the three B-cell epitopes were combined in a specific order into a single 49 amino acid peptide antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HER-2-positive B-cell Peptide Antigen P467-DT-CRM197/Montanide Vaccine IMU-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER-Vaxx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER-Vaxx Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMU-131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMU-131 HER2/Neu Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMU-131 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P467-CRM197/Montanide Vaccine IMU-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507937"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782063"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782063"}]}}{"C99903":{"preferredName":"HER2 ECD+TM Virus-like Replicon Particles Vaccine AVX901","code":"C99903","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine based on virus-like replicon particles (VRP) packaged with an alphaviral vector encoding the extracellular domain (ECD) and transmembrane (TM) regions of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2, NEU or HER2), with potential antineoplastic activity. After immunization with HER2 ECD+TM virus-like replicon particles vaccine AVX901, the VRPs infect cells and express HER2 ECD+TM protein that may activate the immune system to elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HER2-expressing tumor cells. The alphaviral replicon of this vaccine is an attenuated strain of the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) in which 3 of the 7 viral genes were substituted with a truncated HER2 gene to create a self-amplifying replicon RNA. HER2, a tyrosine kinase involved in several cell growth signaling pathways, is dysregulated or overexpressed in a wide variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVX 901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVX-901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVX901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alphavirus-like Replicon Particles-containing Self Amplifying Replicon RNA for HER2 AVX901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 ECD+TM Virus-like Replicon Particles Vaccine AVX901","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HER2 ECD+TM Virus-like Replicon Particles Vaccine AVX901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 ECDTM VRP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VRP-HER2 AVX901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VRP-HER2 ECDTM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433604"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"725234"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"725234"}]}}{"C26648":{"preferredName":"HER2 Inhibitor CP-724,714","code":"C26648","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable quinazoline with potential antineoplastic activity. CP-724,714 selectively binds to the intracellular domain of HER2, reversibly inhibiting its tyrosine kinase activity and resulting in suppression of tumor cell growth. HER2, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, is overexpressed in many adenocarcinomas, particularly breast cancers. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CP 724714","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-724,714","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CP-724,714","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-724-714","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP724714","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 Inhibitor CP-724,714","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327906"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"285619"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"285619"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CP-724_714"}]}}{"C146810":{"preferredName":"HER2 Inhibitor TAS0728","code":"C146810","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available covalent inhibitor of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HER2 inhibitor TAS0728 specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of HER2. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in HER2- and HER3 (ErbB3)-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated or overexpressed in many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. HER3 has no active kinase domain but is activated through heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family, such as HER2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HER2 Inhibitor TAS0728","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HER2 Inhibitor TAS0728","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS 0728","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-0728","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS0728","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPC-107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544751"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C148491":{"preferredName":"HER2-targeted DARPin MP0274","code":"C148491","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPin)-based agent targeting the tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Compared to antibodies, DARPins are small in size, have favorable pharmacokinetics and allow for both high affinity binding and efficacy. Upon administration, the HER2-targeted DARPin MP0274 binds to two distinct non-overlapping epitopes on HER2, thereby inhibiting the activity of HER2 and promoting HER2 internalization. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling, induces apoptosis and inhibits the growth of HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. DARPin also binds to human serum albumin, which extends the half-life of MP0274. HER2 is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types and is associated with increased tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DARPin MP0274","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER-2-targeting DARPin MP0274","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2-targeted DARPin MP0274","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2-targeting DARPin Drug MP0274","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP 0274","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP0274","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551054"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792625"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792625"}]}}{"C96038":{"preferredName":"HER2-targeted Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride MM-302","code":"C96038","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-targeted lipidic nano-carrier containing the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin encapsulated within liposomes, and conjugated to a monoclonal antibody against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration of HER2-targeted liposomal doxorubicin hydrochloride MM-302, the immunoliposome allows for specific delivery of doxorubicin to tumors overexpressing the HER2 receptor. Once inside the HER2-expressing tumor cells, doxorubicin intercalates into DNA and interferes with topoisomerase II activity, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis. Compared to doxorubicin alone or liposomal doxorubicin, targeted liposomal delivery of doxorubicin improves efficacy while lowering the toxicity profile. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HER2-targeted Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride MM-302","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HER2-targeted Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride MM-302","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-302","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428372"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696572"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696572"}]}}{"C118953":{"preferredName":"HER2-targeting Antibody Fc Fragment FS102","code":"C118953","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, antibody fragment composed of a constant (Fc) region that is engineered to bind to the tumor-associated antigen human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), with potential antineoplastic activity. HER2-targeted antibody Fc fragment FS102 specifically binds to its HER2 epitope, and causes downregulation of HER2-mediated signaling. This leads to tumor cell apoptosis. HER2, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) superfamily, is overexpressed on the cell surface of various solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 FCAB FS102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986186","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FS-102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"FS102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fcab FS102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2-targeting Antibody Fc Fragment FS102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HER2-targeting Antibody Fc Fragment FS102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896857"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z27ZI1MZY9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766415"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766415"}]}}{"C70953":{"preferredName":"HIF-1alpha Inhibitor PX-478","code":"C70953","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Although its mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, HIF1-alpha inhibitor PX-478 appears to inhibit hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) expression, which may result in decreased expression of HIF1A downstream target genes important to tumor growth and survival, a reduction in tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The inhibitory effect of this agent is independent of the tumor suppressor genes VHL and p53 and may be related to derangements in glucose uptake and metabolism due to inhibition of glucose transporter-1 (Glut-1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-4-(2-Amino-2-carboxyethyl)-N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)aniline Oxide Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HIF-1alpha Inhibitor PX-478","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HIF-1alpha Inhibitor PX-478","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1-Alpha PX-478","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Phenylalanine, 4-[Bis(2-chloroethyl)oxidoamino]-, Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Phenylalanine, 4-[Bis(2-chloroethyl)oxidoamino]-, Hydrochloride (1:2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PX-478","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PX-478","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1528551"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"685898-44-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T23U22X160"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570895"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570895"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hypoxia_Inducible_Factor_1-Alpha_PX-478"}]}}{"C119618":{"preferredName":"HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2385","code":"C119618","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active, small molecule inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HIF-2alpha inhibitor PT2385 allosterically binds to HIF-2alpha, thereby preventing HIF-2alpha heterodimerization and its subsequent binding to DNA. This results in decreased transcription and expression of HIF-2alpha downstream target genes, many of which regulate tumor cell growth and survival. Blocking HIF-2alpha reduces the proliferation of HIF-2alpha-expressing tumor cells. HIF-2alpha, a heterodimeric transcription factor overexpressed in many cancers, promotes tumorigenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2385","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2385","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT2385","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896783"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766768"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766768"}]}}{"C135627":{"preferredName":"HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2977","code":"C135627","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active, small molecule inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha (HIF-2a), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HIF-2alpha inhibitor PT2977 binds to and blocks the function of HIF-2alpha, thereby preventing HIF-2alpha heterodimerization and its subsequent binding to DNA. This results in decreased transcription and expression of HIF-2alpha downstream target genes, many of which regulate hypoxic signaling. This inhibits cell growth and survival of HIF-2alpha-expressing tumor cells. HIF-2alpha, the alpha subunit for the heterodimeric transcription factor HIF-2, is overexpressed in many cancers and promotes tumorigenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2977","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2977","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT2977","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522982"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788947"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788947"}]}}{"C111689":{"preferredName":"HLA-A*0201 Restricted TERT(572Y)/TERT(572) Peptides Vaccine Vx-001","code":"C111689","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based cancer vaccine consisting of two human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 restricted 9-mer epitopes derived from the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), TERT 572Y (YLFFYRKSV; TYR-Vx001) and TERT 572 (RLFFYRKSV; ARG-Vx001), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Subcutaneous injection of TERT(572Y) peptide followed by subcutaneous administration of the TERT(572) peptide may elicit a specific and possibly optimal cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response against hTERT-expressing tumor cells. hTERT, the catalytic subunit of human telomerase, is an human leukocyte antigen-A*0201-restricted cryptic epitope of telomerase. TERT is expressed in the majority of human cancer cells, is not expressed or is expressed at very low levels in normal cells and plays a key role in tumorigenesis. TERT572Y is the optimized variant of the native cryptic peptide TERT572 in which tyrosine has been substituted for an arginine at position 1; TERT572Y shows increased HLA-A*0201 binding affinity compared to TERT572.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HLA-A*0201 Restricted TERT(572Y)/TERT(572) Peptides Vaccine Vx-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-A*0201 Restricted Telomerase-specific Vaccine Vx-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vx-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vx001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1958472"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752897"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752897"}]}}{"C101893":{"preferredName":"HLA-A*2402-Restricted Multipeptide Vaccine S-488410","code":"C101893","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of HLA-*2402-restricted epitopic peptides derived from three cancer/testis (CT) antigens, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, HLA-A*2402-restricted multipeptide vaccine S-488410 may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these CT antigens. CT antigens, normally expressed only in germ cells of the testis, are overexpressed in a wide variety of human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HLA-A*2402-Restricted Multipeptide Vaccine S-488410","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-488410","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL436276"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733798"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733798"}]}}{"C128489":{"preferredName":"HLA-A2-restricted Melanoma-specific Peptides Vaccine GRN-1201","code":"C128489","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer peptide vaccine composed of four human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 (HLA-A*02)-restricted peptides derived from four specific and separate tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressed by melanoma cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the HLA-A2-restricted melanoma-specific peptides vaccine, the melanoma specific antigens in the vaccine activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the HLA-A2-positive melanoma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Vaccine GRN-1201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRN-1201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-A2-restricted Melanoma-specific Peptides Vaccine GRN-1201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HLA-A2-restricted Melanoma-specific Peptides Vaccine GRN-1201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peptide Cancer Vaccine GRN-1201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peptide Vaccine GRN-1201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509065"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782566"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782566"}]}}{"C153102":{"preferredName":"HM2/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate ALT-P7","code":"C153102","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of the trastuzumab biobetter HM2 conjugated, in a site-specific manner, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ALT-P7, the antibody moiety targets and binds to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the MMAE moiety is released, binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. HER2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ALT-P7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALT-P7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2ALT-P7","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM2-MMAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM2/MMAE ADC ALT-P7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM2/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate ALT-P7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554360"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793586"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793586"}]}}{"C2636":{"preferredName":"HPPH","code":"C2636","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used in photodynamic therapy that is absorbed by tumor cells; when exposed to light, it becomes active and kills the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A lipophilic, second-generation, chlorin-based photosensitizer. Upon intravenous administration, HPPH selectively accumulates in the cytoplasm of cancer or pre-cancerous cells. When laser light is applied, a photodynamic reaction between HPPH and oxygen occurs, resulting in the production of cytotoxic free radicals and singlet oxygen and free radical-mediated cell death. Compared to the first-generation photosensitizer porfimer sodium, HPPH shows improved pharmacokinetic properties and causes only mild skin photosensitivity which declines rapidly within a few days after administration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(1-HEXYLOXYETHYL)-2-DEVINYLPYROPHEOPHORBIDE A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2-(1-Hexyloxyethyl)-2-Devinyl Pyropheophorbide-a","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-[1-Hexyloxyethyl]-2-devinyl Pyropheophorbide-alpha","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPPH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HPPH","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HPPH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Photochlor","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0248392"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"149402-51-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DOB7Y3RSX0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38335"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38335"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HPPH"}]}}{"C117240":{"preferredName":"HPV 16 E7 Antigen-expressing Lactobacillis casei Vaccine BLS-ILB-E710c","code":"C117240","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available Lactobacillis casei (L. casei)-based vaccine expressing the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 isoform E7 protein linked to the poly-gamma-glutamate synthetase complex gene pgsA, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon oral administration, the expressed HPV 16 E7 may stimulate the immune system to mount a mucosal cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HPV 16 E7-expressing tumor cells. The poly-glutamic acid synthetase PgsA from Bacillus subtilis acts as an anchoring motif that facilitates the expression of the HPV antigen protein on the surface of the bacteria. HPV 16 E7, a cell surface glycoprotein and tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed in various viral-related cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Attenuated Live Listeria Encoding HPV 16 E7 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLS-ILB-E710c","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLS-ILS-E710c","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV 16 E7 Antigen-expressing Lactobacillis casei Vaccine BLS-ILB-E710c","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L. casei-E7 BLS_ILB_E710c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L.casei-PgsA-E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LacE7 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474114"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763356"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763356"}]}}{"C77909":{"preferredName":"HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine VGX-3100","code":"C77909","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA vaccine consisting of plasmids encoding the E6 and E7 genes of human papilloma virus (HPV) subtypes 16 and 18, respectively, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Administered via intramuscular electroporation, HPV DNA plasmids therapeutic vaccine VGX-3100 expresses E6 and E7 proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cervical cancer cells expressing E6 and E7 proteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis. HPV type 16 and HPV type 18 are the most common HPV types involved in cervical carcinogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine VGX-3100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine VGX-3100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VGX-3100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703096"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599041"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599041"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HPV_DNA_Plasmids_Therapeutic_Vaccine_VGX-3100"}]}}{"C102787":{"preferredName":"HPV E6/E7 DNA Vaccine GX-188E","code":"C102787","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic DNA vaccine encoding the E6/E7 fusion protein of human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes 16 and 18, plus the immune-enhancer, Fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 ligand (FLT3L), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. DNA vaccine GX-188E is administered using a proprietary delivery system that electroporates the vaccine into cervical cells. Expression of the E6/E7 fusion product may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cervical cancer cells expressing E6 and E7 oncoproteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis. FLT3L is a ligand for the FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor, which upon activation stimulates the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. HPV type 16 and 18 are the most common HPV types involved in cervical carcinogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GX-188E","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV E6/E7 DNA Vaccine GX-188E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437024"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736688"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736688"}]}}{"C131495":{"preferredName":"HPV Types 16/18 E6/E7-Adenoviral Transduced Autologous Lymphocytes/alpha-Galactosylceramide Vaccine BVAC-C","code":"C131495","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic vaccine composed of the immunoadjuvant alpha-galactosylceramide (a-GC) and autologous antigen presenting cells (APCs), specifically B-lymphocytes and monocytes transfected with an adenoviral vector that expresses the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) E6 and E7 derived from human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 (HPV-16/18 E6/E7), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of BVAC-C, the APCs stimulate the immune system to mount a TAA-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response, as well as natural killer (NK) cell, NK T-cell (NKT), helper T-cell and antibody-mediated immune responses, against the tumor cells. This directly or indirectly kills the TAA-expressing tumor cells. HPV-16/18 E6/E7 are overexpressed on certain tumor cell types and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation. a-GC, an NKT cell ligand, is used to specifically stimulate NKT cells and to further stimulate an anti-tumor immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Lymphocyte/Tumor Antigen Gene Vaccine BVAC-C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVAC-C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV Types 16/18 E6/E7-Adenoviral Transduced Autologous Lymphocytes/alpha-Galactosylceramide Vaccine BVAC-C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514359"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785876"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785876"}]}}{"C102874":{"preferredName":"HPV-16 E6 Peptides Vaccine/Candida albicans Extract","code":"C102874","definitions":[{"description":"A human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 vaccine containing four E6 peptides in combination with an extract of Candida albicans, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration of HPV-16 E6 peptides vaccine/Candida albicans extract, the four HPV-16 E6 peptides and the Candida albicans may activate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cells expressing the E6 oncoprotein, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The HPV 16 transforming protein E6 is expressed in precancerous and malignant cervical lesions. Candida albicans allergenic extract may be used as a recall antigen to stimulate the immune system against HPV.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-16 E6 Peptides Vaccine/Candida albicans Extract","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HPV-16 E6 Peptides Vaccine/Candida albicans Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV-16 E6 Peptides Vaccine/Candin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437177"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738026"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738026"}]}}{"C123378":{"preferredName":"HPV-6-targeting Immunotherapeutic Vaccine INO-3106","code":"C123378","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA vaccine consisting of plasmids encoding the E6 and E7 genes of human papilloma virus subtype 6 (HPV-6), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Administered via intramuscular electroporation, HPV-6-targeting immunotherapeutic vaccine INO-3106 expresses the HPV-6 E6 and E7 proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that are expressing those proteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis. HPV-6 infections are associated with aerodigestive malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-6 E6/E7 DNA Vaccine INO-3106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV-6-targeting Immunotherapeutic INO-3106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV-6-targeting Immunotherapeutic Vaccine INO-3106","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HPV-6-targeting Immunotherapeutic Vaccine INO-3106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-3106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053632"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764841"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764841"}]}}{"C162459":{"preferredName":"HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted IgG1-Fc Fusion Protein CUE-101","code":"C162459","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein composed of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex, HLA-A*0201, with a peptide epitope derived from the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E7 protein (amino acid residues 11-20), a reduced affinity human interleukin-2 (IL-2) variant, and an effector attenuated human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon administration, CUE-101 targets and selectively binds to E7-specific CD8-positive T-cells present in patients with HPV16-driven malignancies. This may induce the secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as interferon gamma (IFN gamma) and promote the activation and expansion of tumor-specific CD8-positive cells, which may lead to T-cell-mediated elimination of tumor cells expressing the HPV16 E7 antigen. The HPV16 E7 oncoprotein is a cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is overexpressed in various HPV-associated cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HPV16 E7 Fusion Protein CUE-101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUE 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUE-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUE101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted IgG1-Fc Fusion Protein CUE-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted IgG1-Fc Fusion Protein CUE-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798742"}]}}{"C121648":{"preferredName":"HPV16 L2/E6/E7 Fusion Protein Vaccine TA-CIN","code":"C121648","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human papillomavirus (HPV), genetically engineered fusion protein vaccine in which the three HPV16 viral proteins L2, E6 and E7 are fused together in a single tandem fusion protein (TA-CIN; HPV16 L2\\E6\\E7), with potential immunoprotective and antineoplastic properties. Upon administration, HPV16 L2\\E6\\E7 fusion protein vaccine TA-CIN may stimulate the immune system to generate HPV16 E6\\E7-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses as well as the induction of L2-specific antibodies. In addition, this vaccine may prevent infection and the development of other HPV16-associated diseases. L2, a minor viral capsid protein, is able to induce a strong antibody response against certain HPV types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV16 L2/E6/E7 Fusion Protein Vaccine TA-CIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TA-CIN","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tissue Antigen-Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053587"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770825"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770825"}]}}{"C151953":{"preferredName":"HSP90-targeted SN-38 Conjugate PEN-866","code":"C151953","definitions":[{"description":"A miniature drug conjugate composed of the irinotecan metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) conjugated, through a cleavable linker, to a ligand of chaperone protein heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of HSP90-targeted SN-38 conjugate PEN-866, the HSP90 ligand moiety targets HSP90, which allows the conjugate to penetrate, accumulate and be retained in the tumor cell. Once the linker is cleaved, the SN-38 moiety is released in a sustained manner. SN-38 then binds to and inhibits topoisomerase I by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, which results in DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication and apoptosis. Compared to SN-38 alone, PEN-866 preferentially targets, accumulates and is retained in the tumor cells due to its binding to Hsp90, which results in increased concentrations of SN-38 at the tumor site. This allows sustained release of SN-38 and leads to increased and prolonged efficacy while reducing toxicity to normal, healthy tissues. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated and activated in a variety of tumor cells compared to normal healthy tissue, regulates the folding, stability and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDC SN-38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSP90-targeted SN-38 Conjugate PEN-866","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEN 866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEN-866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEN866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STA-12-8666","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STA-8666","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553181"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793183"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793183"}]}}{"C134448":{"preferredName":"HSP90alpha/beta Inhibitor TAS-116","code":"C134448","definitions":[{"description":"A specific inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) subtypes alpha and beta, with potential antineoplastic and chemo/radiosensitizing activities. Upon oral administration, Hsp90alpha/beta inhibitor TAS-116 specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of Hsp90 alpha and beta; this results in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, which inhibits client protein dependent-signaling, induces apoptosis, and inhibits the proliferation of cells overexpressing HSP90alpha/beta. Hsp90, a family of molecular chaperone proteins that are upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, plays a key role in the conformational maturation, stability, and function of \"client\" proteins within the cell,; many of which are involved in signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, including kinases, cell-cycle regulators, transcription factors and hormone receptors. As TAS-116 selectively inhibits cytosolic HSP90alpha and beta only and does not inhibit HSP90 paralogs, such as endoplasmic reticulum GRP94 or mitochondrial TRAP1, this agent may have less off-target toxicity as compared to non-selective HSP90 inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HSP90alpha/beta Inhibitor TAS-116","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HSP90alpha/beta Inhibitor TAS-116","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heat Shock Protein 90 alpha/beta Inhibitor TAS-116","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4044757"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788861"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788861"}]}}{"C98280":{"preferredName":"Hafnium Oxide-containing Nanoparticles NBTXR3","code":"C98280","definitions":[{"description":"A suspension of nanoparticles containing inert inorganic hafnium oxide (HfO2) crystals with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon injection of NBTXR3 in the tumor, the hafnium oxide-containing nanoparticles accumulate into the tumor cells. Subsequent application of radiation beams to the tumor tissue causes HfO2 particles to emit huge amounts of electrons. This results in the formation of free radicals within the tumor cells, which in turn causes targeted destruction of the cancer cells. Compared to standard radiotherapy, because of the inert nature of NBTXR3, this agent emits electrons only during its exposure to radiation which improves radiotherapy efficiency.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hafnium Oxide-containing Nanoparticles NBTXR3","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hafnium Oxide-containing Nanoparticles NBTXR3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBTXR3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432399"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712103"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712103"}]}}{"C156697":{"preferredName":"Halichondrin Analogue E7130","code":"C156697","definitions":[{"description":"A halichondrin analogue derived from a marine sponge with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, halichondrin analogue E7130 may bind to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibit the polymerization of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules, thereby inhibiting mitotic spindle assembly and inducing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E 7130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E-7130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halichondrin Analogue E7130","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935716"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795713"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795713"}]}}{"C1376":{"preferredName":"Halichondrin B","code":"C1376","definitions":[{"description":"A complex macrolide polyether from marine sponge genera, such as Halichondria, Axinella, Phakellia, and Lissodendoryx that binds to tubulin, thereby inhibiting mitosis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Halichondrin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Halichondrin B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"609395"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0120715"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"103614-76-2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Halichondrin_B"}]}}{"C1120":{"preferredName":"Halofuginone","code":"C1120","definitions":[{"description":"An orally-active quinazolinone alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Halofuginone interferes with the signaling pathway of transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) and inhibits expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2, thereby inhibiting collagen type I synthesis and inducing extracellular matrix degradation, resulting in inhibition of angiogenesis, tumor growth, or metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HALOFUGINONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Halofuginone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Halofuginone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"trans-(+/-)-7-Bromo-6-chloro-3-[3-(3-hydroxy-2-piperidinyl)-2-oxopropyl]-4(3H)-quinazolinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0062095"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"55837-20-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L31MM1385E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H17BrClN3O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Halofuginone"}]}}{"C2656":{"preferredName":"Halofuginone Hydrobromide","code":"C2656","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied for its ability to slow the growth of connective tissue and to prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of quinazolinone alkaloid and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrobromide salt of halofuginone, a semisynthetic quinazolinone alkaloid anticoccidial derived from the plant Dichroa febrifuga, with antifibrotic and potential antineoplastic activities. Halofuginone specifically inhibits collagen type I gene expression and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) gene expression, which may result in the suppression of angiogenesis, tumor stromal cell development, and tumor cell growth. These effects appear to be due to halofuginone-mediated inhibition of the collagen type I and MMP-2 promoters. Collagen type I and MMP-2 play important roles in fibro-proliferative diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HALOFUGINONE HYDROBROMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Halofuginone Hydrobromide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Halofuginone Hydrobromide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Halofuginone Hydrobromide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halofuginone IV (intravenous)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halofuginone hydrobromide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"RU 19110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tempostatin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"halofuginone hydrobromide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"713205"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0521922"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"64924-67-0"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"17395-31-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Scleroderma and Antiprotozoal; Coccidiosis (Vet)."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PTC2969MV1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38485"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38485"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H17BrClN3O3.BrH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Halofuginone_Hydrobromide"}]}}{"C60772":{"preferredName":"Hedgehog Inhibitor IPI-609","code":"C60772","definitions":[{"description":"A novel proprietary small molecule, and a selective inhibitor of sonic hedgehog signaling pathway, with potential anti-tumor activity. The hedgehog signaling pathway is normally active during neuronal development in embryos and quiescent in adult cells. However, aberrant activation of the hedgehog pathway in adults has been implicated in many cancers, including cancers of the pancreas, prostate, lung (small cell), and brain (glioma). IPI-609 exerts its effect through inhibiting the hedgehog signaling pathway and thereby alters gene expressions of the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hedgehog Inhibitor IPI-609","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI 269609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI 609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-269609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI269609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881124"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"IPI-609"}]}}{"C1377":{"preferredName":"Hematoporphyrin Derivative","code":"C1377","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used in photodynamic therapy that is absorbed by tumor cells. When exposed to light, it becomes active and kills the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A complex mixture of monomeric and aggregated porphyrins with photosensitizing activity. Upon systemic administration, hematoporphyrin derivatives accumulate in tumor cells and, once activated by red laser light (630 nm), in the presence of oxygen, produce singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen radicals, resulting in local radical-mediated tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematoporphyrin Derivative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematoporphyrin derivative","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Photofrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hematoporphyrin derivative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"photofrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"265328"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0121300"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"68335-15-9"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40859"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40859"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hematoporphyrin_Derivative"}]}}{"C49083":{"preferredName":"Hemiasterlin Analog E7974","code":"C49083","definitions":[{"description":"An analog of the sponge-derived anti-microtubule tripeptide hemiasterlin with antimitotic and potential antineoplastic activities. Hemiasterlin analog E7974 binds to the Vinca domain on tubulin, resulting in inhibition of tubulin polymerization and microtubule assembly; depolymerization of existing microtubules; inhibition of mitosis; and inhibition of cellular proliferation. This agent may have more affinity for the beta-3 tubulin isotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E7974","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemiasterlin Analog E7974","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708344"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"447049"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"447049"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hemiasterlin_Analog_7974"}]}}{"C97949":{"preferredName":"Henatinib Maleate","code":"C97949","definitions":[{"description":"The maleate salt form of henatinib, an orally bioavalable, multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antitumor and antiangiogenic activities. Henatinib inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), a tyrosine kinase receptor upregulated in many tumor cells that plays a key role in angiogenesis. This may result in an inhibition of angiogenesis and eventually tumor cell proliferation. Henatinib, structurally similar to sunitinib, also inhibits, though to a lesser extent, mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (c-Kit) and, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) alpha and beta.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R,Z)-2-[(5-Fluoro-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-ylidene) methyl]-5-(2-hydroxy-3-morpholinopropyl)-3-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c] azepin-4-ketone Maleate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Henatinib Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2935073"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709376"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709376"}]}}{"C102749":{"preferredName":"Heparan Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan Mimetic M402","code":"C102749","definitions":[{"description":"A low molecular weight heparin derivative and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) mimetic with no or minimal anticoagulant activity and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, M402 mimics HSPGs by binding to and inhibiting various heparin-binding growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines such as VEGF, HGF, FGF2, SDF-1a, heparanase and P-selectin all of which are essential for tumor angiogenesis and metastasis to occur. This inhibits heparin binding growth factor-mediated signaling and disrupts tumor-stromal interactions eventually leading to an inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor cell progression. In addition, M402 may enhance the cytotoxic effect of other chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HSGAG Mimetic M402","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heparan Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan Mimetic M402","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Heparan Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan Mimetic M402","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M402","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437006"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735811"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735811"}]}}{"C104412":{"preferredName":"Roneparstat","code":"C104412","definitions":[{"description":"An N-acetylated, glycol-split form of heparin that is devoid of anticoagulant activity and is an inhibitor of heparanase with antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, roneparstat inhibits the activity of heparanase. This prevents the heparanase-mediated cleavage of heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans on cell surfaces and within the extracellular matrix. In addition, this agent prevents the heparanase-induced production of a number of angiogenic growth factors, including matrix metalloproteinase-9, hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor. Altogether, this leads to an inhibition of both tumor cell growth and angiogenesis. Heparanase, an enzyme that is responsible for the proteolytic cleavage of proteoglycans, is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and promotes tumor cell growth; it plays a key role in tumor cell invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"100NA,RO-H","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RONEPARSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Roneparstat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SST0001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3177718"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1407492-04-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1J0593208B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745171"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745171"}]}}{"C2661":{"preferredName":"Herba Scutellaria Barbata","code":"C2661","definitions":[{"description":"An herb that belongs to a group of herbs named the Scutellaria species or scullcap. Both the root and the above-ground part have been used to make herbal medicines. The root has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat lung cancer and other medical problems.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A Chinese herb isolated from the plant Scutellaria barbata D. Don (Lamiaceae) with potential antineoplastic activity. Containing the antioxidant flavone scutellarin, herba Scutellaria barbata has been shown to induce apoptosis of ovarian and breast tumor cells in vitro.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ban Zhi Lian","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Barbed Skullcap Herb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herba Scutellaria Barbata","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herba Scutellariae Barbatae","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scutellaria barbata","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Scutellaria barbata (Aqueous Extract)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"herba scutellaria barbatae","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134548"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467184"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467184"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Herba_Scutellariae_Barbatae"}]}}{"C1124":{"preferredName":"Herbimycin","code":"C1124","definitions":[{"description":"A benzoquinone antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Herbimycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). HSP90 maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins; the inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins that may be over-expressed or overactive in tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-Demethoxy-15-methoxy-11-O-methylgeldanamycin, (15R)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herbimycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herbimycin A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Herbimycin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"305978"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0062565"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"70563-58-5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Herbimycin"}]}}{"C122401":{"preferredName":"Heterodimeric Interleukin-15","code":"C122401","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein complex composed of heterodimeric IL-15 (hetIL-15), which consists of a synthetic form of the endogenous cytokine interleukin-15 chain (IL-15) complexed to the soluble IL-15 binding protein IL-15 receptor alpha chain (IL-15Ra) (IL15:sIL-15Ra), with potential immunomodulatory, anti-infective and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, hetIL-15 binds to the IL-2/IL-15 receptor beta-common gamma chain (IL-2Rbeta-gamma) receptor on natural killer (NK) and T-lymphocytes, which activates and increases the levels of NK cells and CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells. The T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. Altogether, this enhances tumor cell killing and decreases tumor cell proliferation. By coupling IL-15 to IL15Ra, this agent has an improved pharmacokinetic profile, shows an increased ability to bind IL-2Rbeta-gamma, and shows increased immunostimulatory activity as compared to IL-15 alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heterodimeric Interleukin-15","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-15/sIL-15Ra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hetIL-15","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053488"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772563"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772563"}]}}{"C1125":{"preferredName":"Hexamethylene Bisacetamide","code":"C1125","definitions":[{"description":"A hybrid polar-planar compound with potential antineoplastic activity that induces terminal differentiation, inhibits cell growth, and causes apoptosis in several tumor cell lines. Its precise mechanism of action is unknown. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acetamide, N,N'-1, 6-hexanediylbis-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetamide, N,N'-hexamethylenebis-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMBA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"HMBA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexamethylene Bisacetamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Hexamethylene Bisacetamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexamethylene bisacetamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hexamethylenebisacetamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexamethylenediacetamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N, N'-Diacetylhexamethylenediamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N'-1,6-Hexanediylbisacetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N'-Hexamethylenebisacetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"95580"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0062641"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3073-59-4"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39990"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39990"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hexamethylene_Bisacetamide"}]}}{"C26654":{"preferredName":"Hexaminolevulinate","code":"C26654","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is used to find and kill tumor cells. It enters tumor cells and becomes activated when exposed to a special type of light. A chemical reaction causes the cells to produce fluorescent light and die.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hexyl ester of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) with photodynamic properties. As a precursor of photoactive porphorins, hexyl 5-aminolevulinate induces the endogenous production of the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) which accumulates selectively in tumor tissue. When exposed to specific wavelengths of light, PPIX is activated and, depending on the wavelength and/or intensity of light, either fluoresces, thereby allowing tumor imaging, or induces tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HAL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEXAMINOLEVULINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hexaminolevulinate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hexaminolevulinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HexvixR","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexyl 5-Aminolevulinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hexyl 5-aminolevulinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327841"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"140898-97-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G7H20TKI67"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269130"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269130"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H21NO3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hexyl_5-Aminolevulinate"}]}}{"C29092":{"preferredName":"Hexylresorcinol","code":"C29092","definitions":[{"description":"A substituted phenol with bactericidal, antihelminthic and potential antineoplastic activities. Hexylresorcinol is used as an antiseptic in mouthwashes and skin wound cleansers. Hexylresorcinol may also inhibit oxidative DNA damage by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, which facilitate scavenging reactive oxygen molecules by glutathione (GSH).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Hexylresorcinol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEXYLRESORCINOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hexylresorcinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"1570"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019497"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"136-77-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R9QTB5E82N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H18O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hexylresorcinol"}]}}{"C113334":{"preferredName":"Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase EZH2 Inhibitor GSK2816126","code":"C113334","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule selective and S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) competitive inhibitor of histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 inhibitor GSK2816126 inhibits the activity of EZH2 and specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased tumor cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress this enzyme. EZH2, which belongs to the class of histone methyltransferases (HMTs), is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EZH2 Inhibitor GSK2816126","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2816126","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase EZH2 Inhibitor GSK2816126","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase EZH2 Inhibitor GSK2816126","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458162"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756211"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756211"}]}}{"C77424":{"preferredName":"Histrelin Acetate","code":"C77424","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt form of histrelin, a long-acting, synthetic nonapeptide analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) with potential anti-tumor activity. Upon administration, histrelin binds to and activates GnRH receptors; prolonged administration results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, leading to a significant decline in testosterone production in males and may inhibit androgen receptor-positive tumor progression; in females, prolonged administration results in decreased estradiol production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HISTRELIN ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Histrelin Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supprelin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vantas","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0724597"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"76712-82-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QMG7HLD1ZE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732255"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732255"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C66H86N18O12.C2H4O2.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Histrelin_Acetate"}]}}{"C61592":{"preferredName":"Hodgkin's Antigens-GM-CSF-Expressing Cell Vaccine","code":"C61592","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic vaccine consisting of Hodgkin lymphoma cells transfected with the granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, Hodgkin antigens-GM-CSF-expressing cell vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against Hodgkin lymphoma-associated antigens, which may result in the lysis of tumor cells expressing these antigens. In addition, transfected Hodgkin lymphoma cells secrete GM-CSF, which may potentiate the CTL response against Hodgkin lymphoma-associated antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin's Antigens-GM-CSF-Expressing Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Antigens-GM-CSF-Expressing Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KGEL Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831712"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"445421"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"445421"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hodgkin_s_Antigens-GM-CSF-Expressing_Cell_Vaccine"}]}}{"C88336":{"preferredName":"Holmium Ho 166 Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Microspheres","code":"C88336","definitions":[{"description":"Holmium Ho166 containing poly l-lactic acid (PLA) microspheres with potential antineoplastic actvity. Upon intra-arterial hepatic administration of holmium 166 microspheres, this agent is able to emit both beta particles direct killing cells and gamma photons for nuclear imaging. In addition, since holmium 166 is paramagnetic, this agent can be used for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Holmium Ho 166 Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Microspheres","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Holmium-166 PLA Microspheres","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981854"}]}}{"C69139":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Antagonist KW-2478","code":"C69139","definitions":[{"description":"An agent that targets the human heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, Hsp90 antagonist KW-2478 appears to inhibit Hsp90, resulting in impaired signal transduction, inhibition of cell proliferation, and the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. HSP90 is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation of oncogenic signaling proteins, such as HER2/ERBB2, AKT, RAF1, BCR-ABL, and mutated p53, as well as many other molecules that are important in cell cycle regulation or immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hsp90 Antagonist KW-2478","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Antagonist KW-2478","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW-2478","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348995"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"548017"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"548017"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hsp90_Antagonist_KW-2478"}]}}{"C82691":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor AB-010","code":"C82691","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable nanoparticle albumin-bound inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor AB-010 selectively binds to Hsp90, inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This agent may inhibit the growth of a wide variety of cancer cell types; the incorporation of albumin into its formulation may facilitate its endothelial transcytosis through the gp60-regulated albumin transport pathway. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB-010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor AB-010","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor AB-010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388478"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633820"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633820"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hsp90_Inhibitor_AB-010"}]}}{"C62517":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB021","code":"C62517","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) with potential antineoplastic activity. HSP90, a chaperon protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins. HSP90 inhibitor BIIB021 specifically blocks active HSP90, thereby inhibiting its chaperon function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. As a result, CNF2024 has the potential to inhibit the growth of a wide range of cancer cells in both solid tumors and blood-based cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIIB-021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIIB021","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BIIB021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNF2024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Antagonist CNF2024","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB021","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB021","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831929"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"848695-25-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"851B9FQ7Q0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"497050"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"497050"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H15ClN6O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CNF2024"}]}}{"C78846":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB028","code":"C78846","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein (Hsp) 90 with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor BIIB028 blocks the binding of oncogenic client proteins to Hsp90, which may result in the proteasomal degradation of these proteins and so the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation of oncogenic signaling proteins, such as Her2/Erbb2, Akt, Raf1, Bcr-Abl, and mutated p53, in addition to other molecules involved in cell cycle regulation and immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIIB028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB028","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB028","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387614"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612037"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612037"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hsp90_Inhibitor_BIIB02"}]}}{"C116851":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor DS-2248","code":"C116851","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active and small molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Hsp90 inhibitor DS-2248 specifically blocks Hsp90, which inhibits its chaperone function and promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90, a chaperone complex protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types, regulates the folding and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS-2248","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor DS-2248","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor DS-2248","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor DS-2248","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433776"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694996"}]}}{"C92572":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor Debio 0932","code":"C92572","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active and small molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor Debio 0932 specifically blocks Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of its client proteins, many of which are oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding, stabilization and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Debio 0932","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor Debio 0932","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742735"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682685"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682685"}]}}{"C82387":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor HSP990","code":"C82387","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor Hsp990 binds to and inhibits the activity of Hsp90, which may result in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, including HER2/ERBB2, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90, upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation, stability and function of oncogenic signaling proteins, such as HER2/ERBB2, AKT, RAF1, BCR-ABL, and mutated p53, as well as many other molecules that are important in cell cycle regulation and/or immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HSP990","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor HSP990","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408658"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641983"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641983"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oral_Hsp90_Inhibitor_HSP990"}]}}{"C84836":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor MPC-3100","code":"C84836","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, synthetic, second-generation small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor MPC-3100 selectively binds to Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival; this agent may inhibit the growth and survival of a wide variety of cancer cell types. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding, stability, and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor MPC-3100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPC-3100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830123"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649142"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649142"}]}}{"C101227":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor PU-H71","code":"C101227","definitions":[{"description":"A purine-based heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor PU-H71 specifically inhibits active Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation in susceptible tumor cell populations. Hsp90, a molecular chaperone protein, is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9H-Purine-9-propanamine, 6-amino-8-((6-iodo-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)thio)-N-(1-methylethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor PU-H71","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor PU-H71","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PU-H-71","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PU-H71","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PU-H71","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PUH71","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3502086"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"873436-91-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"06IVK87M04"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732547"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732547"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H21IN6O2S"}]}}{"C91068":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5422 Mesylate","code":"C91068","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. SNX-5422 mesylate blocks a protein needed for cells to grow and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of heat shock protein 90 inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The orally bioavailable mesylate salt of a synthetic prodrug targeting the human heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, Hsp90 inhibitor SNX-5422 is rapidly converted to SNX-2112, which accumulates more readily in tumors relative to normal tissues. SNX-2112 inhibits Hsp90, which may result in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, including HER2/ERBB2, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation of oncogenic signaling proteins, such as HER2/ERBB2, AKT, RAF1, BCR-ABL, and mutated p53, as well as many other molecules that are important in cell cycle regulation or immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5422 Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5422 Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNX-5422","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SNX-5422 MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SNX-5422 Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNX-5422 mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3253587"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K3BO8V06RM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590712"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590712"}]}}{"C74040":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5542 Mesylate","code":"C74040","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable mesylate salt of a synthetic prodrug targeting the human heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, Hsp90 inhibitor SNX-5542 is rapidly converted to SNX-2112, which accumulates in tumors relative to normal tissues. SNX-2112 inhibits Hsp90, which may result in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, including HER2/ERBB2, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation of oncogenic signaling proteins, such as HER2/ERBB2, AKT, RAF1, BCR-ABL, and mutated p53, as well as many other molecules that are important in cell cycle regulation or immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5542 Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNX-5542 Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383549"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hsp90_Inhibitor_SNX-5542_Mesylate"}]}}{"C79835":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor XL888","code":"C79835","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, ATP-competitive, small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor XL888 specifically binds to Hsp90, inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival; inhibition of tumor cell proliferation may result. Hsp90, a chaperone complex protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types, regulates the folding and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins, including Her-2 and Met.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor XL888","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor XL888","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor XL888","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388445"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629922"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629922"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hsp90_Inhibitor_XL888"}]}}{"C2509":{"preferredName":"Hu14.18-IL2 Fusion Protein EMD 273063","code":"C2509","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug in which hu14.18, a monoclonal antibody, is combined with interleukin-2. The monoclonal antibody binds to the cancer cells and delivers IL-2, which stimulates the immune system to destroy the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant protein consisting of the hu14.18 monoclonal antibody fused to the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL2) with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of the hu14.18-IL2 EMD 273063 fusion protein binds to tumor cells expressing the GD2 antigen (melanoma, neuroblastoma and certain other tumors); the Fc component of the fusion protein antibody moiety and natural killer (NK) cells mediate antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (CDCC) towards GD2-expressing tumor cells. The localized IL2 moiety of the fusion protein stimulates NK and T-cell antitumor cellular immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EMD 273063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu 14.18/IL - 2 Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu14.18-IL2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu14.18-IL2 Fusion Protein EMD 273063","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hu14.18-IL2 Fusion Protein EMD 273063","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hu14.18-interleukin-2 fusion protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"721298"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1529682"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43349"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43349"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hu14_18-Interleukin-2_Fusion_Protein"}]}}{"C82415":{"preferredName":"HuaChanSu","code":"C82415","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) containing a water soluble Bufo toad skin extract that includes the cardiac glycosides bufalin, cinobufagin and resibufogenin with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action of this TCM has yet to be fully elucidated, huachansu, which may be administered in an injectable form, may induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by suppressing the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-2, while inducing the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, such as BAX.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HuaChanSu","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HuaChanSu","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2745673"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637352"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637352"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HuaChanSu"}]}}{"C125001":{"preferredName":"Huaier Extract Granule","code":"C125001","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) composed of a granule containing an aqueous extract of Trametes robiniophila murr (Huaier), a mushroom found on hardwood tree trunks, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action through which Huaier exerts its effects is largely unknown, upon administration, this agent induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibits proliferation and migration of susceptible cancer cells through the modulation of various signal transduction pathways involved in carcinogenesis and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Huaier Extract Granule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Huaier Granule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trametes robiniophila murr Extract Granule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503847"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777301"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777301"}]}}{"C2626":{"preferredName":"Huang Lian","code":"C2626","definitions":[{"description":"A Chinese herb that has been used as a treatment for a variety of medical problems. It is being studied as an anticancer drug.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A Chinese herb of a desiccated root from the plant Coptis chinensis. Although the mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, Huang Lian has antibacterial, antifungal, and antiprotozoal activities. In addition, this herb exhibits antioxidant property that influences positively on lipid metabolism, cause dilation of blood vessels, and may slow the growth of tumor cells. This herb contains rich amount of phytogens, such as berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, columbamine, geniposide, and anti-HIV compound baicalin, which might explain the broad effects of this herb. Huang Lian is commonly used to treat diarrhea or dysentery in Chinese medicine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Huang Lian","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Huang Lian","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhizoma Coptidis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0696725"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38268"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38268"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Huang_Lian"}]}}{"C116788":{"preferredName":"Human Combinatorial Antibody Library-based Monoclonal Antibody VAY736","code":"C116788","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human combinatorial antibody library (HuCAL)-derived monoclonal antibody targeting the B-cell-activating factor receptor (BAFF-R), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of HuCAL-based antibody VAY736, the antibody targets and binds to BAFF-R, which inhibits both BAFF/BAFF-R interaction and BAFF-R-mediated signaling. This may decrease cell growth in tumor cells expressing BAFF-R. BAFF-R, also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13C, is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and autoimmune diseases. In cancer cells, BAFF-R plays a key role in B-cell proliferation and survival. VAY736 was developed using HuCAL technology.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HuCAL-based Antibody VAY736","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Combinatorial Antibody Library-based Monoclonal Antibody VAY736","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAY736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473936"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762784"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762784"}]}}{"C66980":{"preferredName":"Human MHC Non-Restricted Cytotoxic T-Cell Line TALL-104","code":"C66980","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte cell line (TALL-104) with potential antineoplastic activity. TALL-104 is an IL-2-dependent human leukemic T cell line, expressing CD8 and T-cell receptor CD3, but not CD16. Because these cells are endowed with MHC-non-restricted killer activity, TALL-104 has destructive potential against a broad range of tumors, while sparing normal cells. Upon administration, TALL-104 targets and interacts with tumor cells and activates apoptotic and necrotic pathways, eventually leading to lysis of tumor cells. In addition, TALL-104 may induce secretion of various cytokines, such as interferon-gamma, thereby potentially enhancing the cytotoxic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human MHC Non-Restricted Cytotoxic T-Cell Line TALL-104","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human MHC Non-Restricted Cytotoxic T-Cell Line TALL-104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALL-104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832042"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531055"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531055"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Human_MHC_Non-Restricted_Cytotoxic_T-Cell_Line_TALL-104"}]}}{"C29089":{"preferredName":"Human MOAB LICO 28a32","code":"C29089","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Human MOAB LICO 28a32 binds to the colon tumor-associated antigen 28A32 (CTAA 28A32) found on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm of colon carcinoma cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human MOAB LICO 28a32","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512509"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Human_MOAB_LICO_28a32"}]}}{"C62532":{"preferredName":"Human Monoclonal Antibody 216","code":"C62532","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally-occurring human IgM monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Human monoclonal antibody 216, derived from the gene VH4-34, binds to the glycosylated epitope CDIM on the surface of both malignant and normal B cells. Upon binding to B cells, this antibody may crosslink two or more CDIM molecules, resulting in the formation of cell membrane pores, the disruption of cell membrane integrity, and B cell lysis; this mechanism of antibody-mediated cell death is direct and does not involve mechanisms of complement-mediated cytotoxicity or antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). CDIM is the glyco-moiety of a 75kD B-cell cell surface glycoprotein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Monoclonal Antibody 216","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human Monoclonal Antibody 216","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 216","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831869"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488467"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488467"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_216"}]}}{"C77858":{"preferredName":"Human Monoclonal Antibody B11-hCG Beta Fusion Protein CDX-1307","code":"C77858","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody (B11) directed against the mannose receptor and linked to the beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG beta) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The monoclonal antibody moiety of human monoclonal antibody B11-hCG beta fusion protein CDX-1307 binds to mannose receptors on antigen presenting cells (APCs), including human dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Upon internalization and processing, APCs present the processed hCG beta antigen on their cell surfaces, which may initiate an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against hCG beta-expressing tumor cells. The tumor-associated antigen (TAA) hCG beta is selectively overexpressed by a number of tumors including breast, colorectal, pancreatic, bladder and ovarian tumors; its expression may correlate with the stage of disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDX-1307","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Monoclonal Antibody B11-hCG Beta Fusion Protein CDX-1307","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human Monoclonal Antibody B11-hCG Beta Fusion Protein CDX-1307","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713084"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593942"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593942"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_B11-hCG_Beta_Fusion_Protein_CDX-1307"}]}}{"C2569":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus 16 E7 Peptide/Padre 965.10","code":"C2569","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic agent derived from human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 nuclear protein which is used to produce vaccines against HPV infection and HPV-related neoplasms. HPV E7 oncogenic protein binds the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, pRB, as well as a number of other cellular proteins, and serves as a transcriptional activator. This protein is important in the induction and maintenance of cellular transformation and is co-expressed in the majority of HPV-containing carcinomas. PADRE(R) is a proprietary family of molecules that enhances the immune systems response against an administered immunogen such as the HPV E7 nuclear protein. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV16 E7/PADRE 965.10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus 16 E7 Peptide/Padre 965.10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipidated HPV-16 E7/Padre-965.10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"679904"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338214"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42276"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42276"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Human_Papillomavirus_16_E7_Peptide-Padre_965_10"}]}}{"C550":{"preferredName":"Hycanthone","code":"C550","definitions":[{"description":"A thioxanthene derivative of lucanthone with anti-schistosomal activity and potential antineoplastic activity. Hycanthone interferes with parasite nerve function, resulting in parasite paralysis and death. This agent also intercalates into DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis in vitro. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Etrenol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Etrenol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HYC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HYCANTHONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"HYCANTHONE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hycanthone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hycanthone Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hycanthone mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"134434"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020207"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3105-97-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2BXX5EVN2A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39477"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H24N2O2S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hycanthone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:52768"}]}}{"C551":{"preferredName":"Hydralazine Hydrochloride","code":"C551","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of hydralazine, a phthalazine derivative with antihypertensive and potential antineoplastic activities. Hydralazine alters intracellular calcium release and interferes with smooth muscle cell calcium influx, resulting in arterial vasodilatation. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of myosin protein and chelation of trace metals required for smooth muscle contraction, resulting in an increase in heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output. In addition to its cardiovascular effects, hydralazine inhibits DNA methyltransferase, which may result in inhibition of DNA methylation in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apresoline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Apresoline","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apressin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Apressin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HYDRALAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hydralazine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Hydralazine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hydralazine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"89394"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699178"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"304-20-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FD171B778Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41835"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41835"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H8N4.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hydralazine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31672"}]}}{"C1819":{"preferredName":"Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate","code":"C1819","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of hydrocortisone succinate with glucocorticoid property. Hydrocortisone sodium succinate is chemically similar to the endogenous hormone that stimulates anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities, in addition to exhibiting minor mineralocorticoid effects. This agent binds to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors and is translocated into the nucleus, where it initiates the transcription of glucocorticoid-responsive genes, such as various cytokines and lipocortins. Lipocortins inhibit phospholipase A2, thereby blocking the release of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids and preventing the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes, both potent mediators of inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(11beta)-21-(3-Carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-11,17-dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, Monosodium Salt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(11beta)-21-(3-Carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-11,17-dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, Monosodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-Hydrocort","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buccalsone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Buccalsone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Corlan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Corlan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortisol Sodium Succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortisol sodium succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cortop","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Efcortelan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emergent-EZ","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flebocortid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Flebocortid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HYDROCORTISONE SODIUM SUCCINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hidroc Clora","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hycorace","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hycorace","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydro-Adreson","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydro-adreson","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hydrocort","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrocortisone 21-Sodium Succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrocortisone Na Succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrocortisone sodium succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Kinogen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nordicort","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Nordicort","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nositrol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinsurrene","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium hydrocortisone succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Solu-Cortef","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Solu-Cortef","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solu-Glyc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Solu-Glyc","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"9152"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0770560"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"125-04-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"50LQB69S1Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39861"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39861"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H33O8.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hydrocortisone_Sodium_Succinate"}]}}{"C557":{"preferredName":"Hydroxychloroquine","code":"C557","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that decreases immune responses in the body. It is used to treat some autoimmune diseases, and is being studied as a treatment for graft-versus-host disease. Hydroxychloroquine belongs to the family of drugs called antiprotozoals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 4-aminoquinoline with immunosuppressive, antiautophagy, and antimalarial activities. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, hydroxychloroquine may suppress immune function by interfering with the processing and presentation of antigens and the production of cytokines. As a lysosomotropic agent, hydroxychloroquine raises intralysosomal pH, impairing autophagic protein degradation; hydroxychloroquine-mediated accumulation of ineffective autophagosomes may result in cell death in tumor cells reliant on autophagy for survival. In addition, this agent is highly active against the erythrocytic forms of P. vivax and malariae and most strains of P. falciparum but not the gametocytes of P. falciparum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hydroxychloroquine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hydroxychloroquine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hydroxychloroquine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020336"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"118-42-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Malaria; Rheumatoid arthritis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4QWG6N8QKH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38571"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38571"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H26ClN3O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hydroxychloroquine"}]}}{"C960":{"preferredName":"Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate","code":"C960","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic progestational agent similar to the endogenous progesterone used in hormone therapy or as a female contraceptive. Mimicking the action of progesterone, hydroxyprogesterone caporate binds to and activates nuclear progesterone receptors in the reproductive system and causes the ligand-receptor complex to be translocated to the nucleus where it binds to and promotes expression of target genes. Due to the negative feedback mechanism seen with progesterone, this agent also blocks luteinizing hormone (LH) release from the pituitary gland, thereby leading to an inhibition of ovulation and an alteration in the cervical mucus and endometrium. Furthermore, without stimulation of LH, estrogen release from the ovaries is stopped, hence impeding the growth of estrogen-sensitive tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-[(1-Oxohexyl)oxy]pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"17-[(1-Oxohexyl)oxy]pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Delalutin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Delalutin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HYDROXYPROGESTERONE CAPROATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxyprogesterone caproate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Makena","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"17592"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0044971"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"630-56-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Endometrial cancer; amenorrhea"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"276F2O42F5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39803"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39803"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H40O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hydroxyprogesterone_Caproate"}]}}{"C63690":{"preferredName":"Hydroxytyrosol","code":"C63690","definitions":[{"description":"A phenolic phytochemical naturally occurring in extra virgin olive oil, with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cancer preventive activities. Although the mechanisms of action through which hydroxytyrosol exerts its effects have yet to be fully determined, this agent affects the expression of various components of the inflammatory response, possibly through the modulation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) pathway. The effects include the modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as the inhibition of interleukin-1alpha (IL-1a), IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a); increased secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10; inhibition of the production of certain chemokines, such as C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10/IP-10), C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2/MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta (CCL4/MIP-1b); and inhibition of the expression of the enzymes inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS/NOS2) and prostaglandin E2 synthase (PGES), which prevent the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E (PGE2), respectively. In addition, hydroxytyrosol is able to regulate the expression of other genes involved in the regulation of tumor cell proliferation, such as extracellular signal-regulated and cyclin-dependent kinases. Also, hydroxytyrosol scavenges free radicals and prevents oxidative DNA damage. This induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in susceptible cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,4-DHPEA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethanol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1,2-benzenediol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HYDROXYTYROSOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hydroxytyrosol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hydroxytyrosol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0046981"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10597-60-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QEU0NE4O90"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758473"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758473"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H10O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_3_4-Dihydroxyphenylethanol"}]}}{"C560":{"preferredName":"Hydroxyurea","code":"C560","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A monohydroxyl-substituted urea (hydroxycarbamate) antimetabolite. Hydroxyurea selectively inhibits ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase, an enzyme required to convert ribonucleoside diphosphates into deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates, thereby preventing cells from leaving the G1/S phase of the cell cycle. This agent also exhibits radiosensitizing activity by maintaining cells in the radiation-sensitive G1 phase and interfering with DNA repair. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Droxia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HYDROXYUREA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hydrea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hydrea","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxycarbamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hydroxycarbamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxyurea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Hydroxyurea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hydroxyurea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxyurea","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hydroxyurea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Litalir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Litalir","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onco-Carbide","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onco-carbide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oncocarbide","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxeron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQ 1089","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SQ-1089","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syrea","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR 83799","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hydroxyurea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"32065"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020402"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"127-07-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Head and Neck Cancer; Malignant Melanoma; Ovarian Carcinoma; Sickle Cell Anemia; Adjuvant in Retroviral Therapy."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X6Q56QN5QC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40685"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40685"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"CH4N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hydroxyurea"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:44423"}]}}{"C37456":{"preferredName":"Hypericin","code":"C37456","definitions":[{"description":"An anthraquinone derivative that is naturally found in the yellow flower of Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort) with antidepressant, potential antiviral, antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Hypericin appears to inhibit the neuronal uptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) and L-glutamate, which may contribute to its antidepressant effect. Hypericin may also prevent the replication of encapsulated viruses probably due to inhibition of the assembly and shedding of virus particles in infected cells. This agent also exerts potent phototoxic effects by triggering apoptotic signaling that results in formation of reactive oxygen species.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4,5,7,4',5',7'-Hexahydroxy-2,2'-dimethyl-mesonapthtodianthron","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HYPERICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hypericin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"622946"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"407313"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0063220"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"548-04-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7V2F1075HD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H16O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hypericin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:5835"}]}}{"C101523":{"preferredName":"Hypoxia-activated Prodrug TH-4000","code":"C101523","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, hypoxia-activated prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the hypoxia-activated prodrug TH-4000 is activated in the hypoxic cells within tumors into an irreversible pan-HER inhibitor via a mechanism of action not yet fully elucidated. As a result, this agent inhibits cellular proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells overexpressing HER kinases, which belong to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Healthy, normal tissues may be spared due to the hypoxia-specific activity of this agent, potentially reducing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypoxia-activated Prodrug TH-4000","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hypoxia-activated Prodrug TH-4000","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypoxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR610","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TH-4000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435780"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732241"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732241"}]}}{"C2357":{"preferredName":"I 131 Antiferritin Immunoglobulin","code":"C2357","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a rabbit antihuman ferritin IgG labeled with iodine 131 (I-131). Using anti-ferritin IgG as a carrier for I-131 may result in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells expressing ferritin. Observed in 35% to 100% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, high serum ferritin levels may be due to ferritin production by the tumor cells, or related to the associated iron overload and/or cirrhosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 131 Antiferritin Immunoglobulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131-AFI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131-antiferritin IgG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Antiferritin Immunoglobulin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"immunoglobulin, iodine I 131 antiferritin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280029"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40362"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40362"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"I_131_Antiferritin_Immunoglobulin"}]}}{"C2477":{"preferredName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody A33","code":"C2477","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) A33 labelled with Iodine 131 (I-131). MoAb A33 recognizes A33 antigen, a 43 KDa transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, highly and homogenously expressed in 95% of colorectal cancers, with only restricted expression in normal colonic mucosa. Using MoAb A33 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells expressed A33 antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody A33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody A33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0678093"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43095"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43095"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_A33"}]}}{"C26442":{"preferredName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","code":"C26442","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of the humanized monoclonal antibody CC49 labeled with iodine I 131. Iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody CC49 delivers beta and gamma radiation-emitting I 131 radionuclide specifically to tumor cells that express tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72, allowing localization of TAG-72-expressing tumor cells with radioimaging devices in diagnostic applications or resulting in specific TAG-72-expressing tumor cell radiocytotoxicity in therapeutic applications. Monoclonal antibody CC49 binds to TAG-72, a pancarcinoma antigen, with high affinity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327845"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269166"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269166"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_CC49"}]}}{"C2515":{"preferredName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody F19","code":"C2515","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) F19 labelled with Iodine 131 (I-131). MoAb F19 was raised against fibroblast activation protein (FAP), which is highly expressed by tumor stromal cells. Using MoAb F19 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells overexpressed FAP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131I-mAbF19","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody F19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody F19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796525"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43385"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43385"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_F19"}]}}{"C2103":{"preferredName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","code":"C2103","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a murine monoclonal antibody, MoAb Lym-1, labeled with iodine 131 (I-131). MoAb Lym-1 recognizes an epitope of the histocompatibility antigen HLA-DR, which is over-expressed on most B-cell lymphomas. I-131 MoAb Lym-1 delivers beta and gamma radiation emitting I-131 nuclide directly to tumor cells that express HLA-DR, thereby allowing imaging and/or treatment of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolym","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134561"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38533"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38533"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_Lym-1"}]}}{"C162535":{"preferredName":"IAP Inhibitor APG-1387","code":"C162535","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule, second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (SMAC)-mimetic targeting inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) with potential apoptosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IAP inhibitor APG-1387 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of IAPs including X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and cellular IAPs 1 (c-IAP1) and 2 (c-IAP2). This may restore and promote the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways and enhance proteasomal degradation of IAPs. Additionally, APG-1387 may work synergistically with cytotoxic drugs to overcome tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types, suppressing apoptosis by binding and inhibiting active caspases-3, -7 and -9 via their BIR (baculoviral lAP repeat) domains.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APG 1387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG-1387","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"APG-1387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG1387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IAP Antagonist APG-1387","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IAP Inhibitor APG-1387","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyrrolo(1,2-a)(1,5)diazocine-8-carboxamide, 3,3'-(1,3-phenylenebis(sulfonyl))bis(N-(diphenylmethyl)decahydro-5-(((2S)-2-(methylamino)-1-oxopropyl)amino)-6-oxo-, (5S,5'S,8S,8'S,10aR,10'ar)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-1387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMAC-mimetic APG-1387","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1570231-89-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E53VN70K2X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C90574":{"preferredName":"IAP Inhibitor AT-406","code":"C90574","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of IAP (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein) family of proteins with potential apoptotic inducing and antineoplastic activity. IAP inhibitor AT-406 selectively inhibits the biological activity of IAP proteins, including X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP), the cellular IAPs 1 (c-IAP1) and 2 (c-IAP2) and melanoma inhibitor of apoptosis protein (ML-IAP). This may restore and promote the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways. AT-406 may work synergistically with cytotoxic drugs to overcome tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types, suppressing apoptosis by binding and inhibiting active caspases-3, -7 and -9 via their BIR (baculoviral lAP repeat) domains.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AT-406","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AT-406","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IAP Inhibitor AT-406","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IAP Inhibitor AT-406","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyrrolo(1,2-a)(1,5)diazocine-8-carboxamide, n-((1,1'-biphenyl)-2-ylmethyl)decahydro-5-(((2s)-2-(methylamino)-1-oxopropyl)amino)-3-(3-methyl-1-oxobutyl)-6-oxo-, (5s,8s,10ar)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-406","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3177416"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N65WC8PXDD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"667935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"667935"}]}}{"C78484":{"preferredName":"IAP Inhibitor HGS1029","code":"C78484","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a small-molecule inhibitor of IAP (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein) family proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. IAP inhibitor HGS1029 selectively inhibits the biological activity of IAP proteins, which may restore apoptotic signaling pathways; this agent may work synergistically with cytotoxic drugs to overcome tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types, suppressing apoptosis by binding and inhibiting active caspases-3, -7 and -9 via their BIR (baculoviral lAP repeat) domains.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEG40826-2HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGS1029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IAP Inhibitor HGS1029","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IAP Inhibitor HGS1029","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387473"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601033"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601033"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"IAP_Inhibitor_HGS1029"}]}}{"C124652":{"preferredName":"ICT-121 Dendritic Cell Vaccine","code":"C124652","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with purified peptides derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD133, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, monocytes are differentiated into DCs and are mixed with the CD133 peptides. Upon intradermal re-administration of the ICT-121 DC vaccine, the DCs present the CD133 peptides to the immune system, which stimulates the immune system to induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD133-expressing tumor cells and leads to tumor cell lysis. CD133 is overexpressed on various types of cancer cells; its overexpression is correlated with increased resistance to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD133 Peptides-pulsed Autologous DC Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD133 Peptides-pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICT-121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICT-121 DC Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICT-121 Dendritic Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ICT-121 Dendritic Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4086505"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C121457":{"preferredName":"IDH1(R132) Inhibitor IDH305","code":"C121457","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the citric acid cycle enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic (isocitrate dehydrogenase 1; IDH1) with mutations at residue R132 (IDH1(R132)), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, IDH305 specifically inhibits IDH1(R132) mutant forms in the cytoplasm, which inhibits the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). This may lead to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in IDH1(R132)-expressing tumor cells. IDH1(R132) mutations are highly expressed in certain malignancies, including gliomas; they initiate and drive cancer growth by both blocking cell differentiation and catalyzing the formation of 2HG.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDH1(R132) Inhibitor IDH305","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDH1(R132) Inhibitor IDH305","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDH305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053635"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770082"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770082"}]}}{"C117235":{"preferredName":"IDH1R132H-Specific Peptide Vaccine PEPIDH1M","code":"C117235","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine consisting of a peptide derived from isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) containing the point mutation R132H (IDH1R132H), with potential antineoplastic activity. Intradermal vaccination with the IDH1R132H-specific peptide vaccine PEPIDH1M may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that express the IDH1R132H protein. The IDH1 point mutation of amino acid residue 132 is highly expressed in gliomas and is associated with increased production of the oncometabolite R-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDH1R132H-Specific Peptide Vaccine PEPIDH1M","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDH1R132H-Specific Peptide Vaccine PEPIDH1M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEPIDH1M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEPIDH1M Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474105"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763159"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763159"}]}}{"C159498":{"preferredName":"IDO Peptide Vaccine IO102","code":"C159498","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation peptide vaccine derived from the immunomodulatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with IDO peptide vaccine IO102 may activate the immune system to induce an immune response against IDO-expressing tumor cells. This may restore the proliferation and activation of various immune cells including cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), natural killer cells (NKs), and dendritic cells (DCs), and may eradicate IDO-expressing tumor cells through a CTL-mediated response. IDO, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for tryptophan catabolism and conversion of tryptophan into kynurenine, is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types and antigen presenting cells (APCs) and plays an important role in immunosuppression mainly through suppression of CTL activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDO Peptide Vaccine IO102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDO-derived Vaccine IO102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IO 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IO-102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IO102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-derived Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797514"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797514"}]}}{"C143068":{"preferredName":"IDO-1 Inhibitor LY3381916","code":"C143068","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1 inhibitor LY3381916 specifically targets and binds to IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, LY3381916 restores and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymphocytes, and causes a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the IDO1-expressing tumor cells, thereby inhibiting the growth of IDO1-expressing tumor cells. IDO1, overexpressed by multiple tumor cell types, plays an important role in immunosuppression. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and subsequently suppresses the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDO-1 Inhibitor LY3381916","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDO-1 Inhibitor LY3381916","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor LY3381916","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3381916","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3381916","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541448"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794987"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794987"}]}}{"C151945":{"preferredName":"IDO/TDO Inhibitor HTI-1090","code":"C151945","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1) and the kynurenine-producing hepatic enzyme tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1/TDO inhibitor HTI-1090 specifically targets and binds to both IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine, and TDO, a hepatic enzyme catalyzing the first step of tryptophan degradation. By inhibiting IDO1 and TDO, HTI-1090 decreases kynurenine levels in tumor cells, restores tryptophan and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells and T-lymphocytes. This reduces the number of tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and activates the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the IDO1/TDO-expressing tumor cells, thereby inhibiting the growth of the tumor cells. IDO1 and TDO, both overexpressed by multiple tumor cell types, play important roles in immunosuppression and the promotion of tumor cell survival and proliferation. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and subsequently suppresses the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HTI 1090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HTI-1090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDO/TDO Inhibitor HTI-1090","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR9146","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553173"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793153"}]}}{"C129790":{"preferredName":"IDO1 Inhibitor KHK2455","code":"C129790","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1 inhibitor KHK2455 targets and binds to IDO1, an enzyme responsible for the oxidation of tryptophan into kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, KHK2455 increases and restores the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymphocytes. KHK2455 also induces increased interferon (IFN) production, and causes a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may inhibit the growth of IDO1-expressing tumor cells. IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for tryptophan catabolism and the conversion of tryptophan into kynurenine, is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types and antigen presenting cells (APCs); it plays an important role in immunosuppression. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and subsequently suppresses the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDO-1 Inhibitor KHK2455","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor KHK2455","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor KHK2455","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KHK 2455","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KHK2455","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512931"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784565"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784565"}]}}{"C148235":{"preferredName":"IDO1 Inhibitor MK-7162","code":"C148235","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1 inhibitor MK-7162 specifically targets and binds to IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, MK-7162 restores and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells and T-lymphocytes. This agent may also induce increased interferon (IFN) production, which may lead to a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against and inhibit the growth of the IDO1-expressing tumor cells. IDO1, an enzyme overexpressed by multiple tumor cell types, plays an important role in immunosuppression. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and suppresses the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor MK-7162","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor MK-7162","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-1 Inhibitor MK-7162","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 7162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-7162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK7162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550836"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C129375":{"preferredName":"IDO1 Inhibitor PF-06840003","code":"C129375","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available hydroxyamidine and inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1 inhibitor PF-06840003 targets and binds to IDO1, an enzyme responsible for the oxidation of tryptophan into kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, PF-06840003 increases and restores the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymphocytes; PF-06840003 also induces increased interferon (IFN) production, and causes a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may inhibit the growth of IDO1-expressing tumor cells. IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for tryptophan catabolism and the conversion of tryptophan into kynurenine, is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types and antigen presenting cells (APCs); it plays an important role in immunosuppression. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and subsequently suppresses the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDO-1 Inhibitor PF-06840003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor PF-06840003","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor PF-06840003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Inhibitor PF-06840003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06840003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06840003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512154"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783440"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783440"}]}}{"C162858":{"preferredName":"IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor DN1406131","code":"C162858","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of both the enzymes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2; TDO-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1/TDO2 inhibitor DN1406131 targets, binds to and inhibits both IDO1 and TDO2, which catalyze the first and rate-limiting step in the production of the immunosuppressive transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand kynurenine (KYN). This inhibits the IDO1/TDO2-KYN-AhR pathway. Abrogation of AhR activation prevents the activation of immune-tolerant dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This may restore the immune response against tumor cells in which IDO1 and/or TDO2 are overexpressed. The IDO1/TDO2-KYN-AhR pathway is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, plays a key role in immunosuppression and its expression is correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DN 1406131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN-1406131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN1406131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor DN1406131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1/Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase 2 Inhibitor DN1406131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798903"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798903"}]}}{"C104746":{"preferredName":"IGF-1R Inhibitor PL225B","code":"C104746","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. IGF-1R inhibitor PL225B selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of IGF-1R, which may result in both the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis in IGF-1R-overexpressing tumor cells. IGF-1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, plays a significant role in the stimulation of cellular proliferation, oncogenic transformation, and suppression of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IGF-1R Inhibitor PL225B","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IGF-1R Inhibitor PL225B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PL225B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445817"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746194"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746194"}]}}{"C84871":{"preferredName":"IGF-1R/IR Inhibitor KW-2450","code":"C84871","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and insulin receptor (IR) tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. IGF-1R/IR inhibitor KW-2450 selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of IGF-1R and IR, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF-R1 and IR tyrosine kinases, overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, play significant roles in the stimulation of cellular proliferation, oncogenic transformation, and suppression of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IGF-1R/IR Inhibitor KW-2450","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IGF-1R/IR Inhibitor KW-2450","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW-2450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412997"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648543"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648543"}]}}{"C113789":{"preferredName":"IGF-methotrexate Conjugate","code":"C113789","definitions":[{"description":"A conjugate containing the antimetabolite and antifolate agent methotrexate conjugated to insulin-like growth factor (IGF), with potential antineoplastic activity. After intravenous administration, the IGF moiety of the IGF-methotrexate conjugate binds to and is internalized by IGF receptors (IGFR) on the surface of tumor cells. Following cell entry, the methotrexate then binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate. This results in both the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and the induction of death in rapidly dividing cells. Binding to IGFR can localize the cytotoxic effect of methotrexate in tumor cells. This may increase its efficacy while decreasing its toxicity to normal, healthy cells. IGFR is overexpressed on many types of cancer cells and has been implicated in metastasis and resistance to apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"765IGF-MTX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGF-methotrexate Conjugate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IGF-methotrexate Conjugate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGF/MTX","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGF/MTX Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471770"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757276"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757276"}]}}{"C126840":{"preferredName":"IL-10 Immunomodulator MK-1966","code":"C126840","definitions":[{"description":"An agent that downregulates the activity of the anti-inflammatory cytokine human interleukin-10 (IL-10), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IL-10 immunomodulator MK-1966 blocks the activity of IL-10 and may abrogate the IL-10-induced immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This activates cell-mediated immunity against cancer cells, increases cytokine production, including interferon-gamma (IFN-g), decreases T regulatory cell (Treg) activity, and induces a tumor-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell-mediated immune response, which enhances tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL-10 Immunomodulator MK-1966","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IL-10 Immunomodulator MK-1966","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 1966","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-1966","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507902"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780778"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780778"}]}}{"C114294":{"preferredName":"IL-12-expressing HSV-1 NSC 733972","code":"C114294","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically engineered, replication selective, infected cell protein (ICP) 34.5 gene-deleted, oncolytic human simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) expressing the human immunostimulating cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral administration of HSV-1 expressing IL-12 NSC 733972, the IL-12-expressing HSV-1 preferentially infects and replicates in tumor cells of neuronal origin causing viral-mediated tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells. In addition, the IL-12-expressing HSV-1 promotes the secretion of IL-12 by the tumor cells. IL-12 promotes the activation of natural killer cells, which induces both the secretion of interferon-gamma and a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the tumor cells. This results in both immune-mediated tumor cell death and further inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Deletion of the gene encoding for ICP34.5 imparts tumor selectivity by preventing replication in healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL-12-expressing HSV-1 NSC 733972","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IL-12-expressing HSV-1 NSC 733972","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSC 733972","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471805"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758218"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758218"}]}}{"C114385":{"preferredName":"IL-12-expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Vaccine GX-051","code":"C114385","definitions":[{"description":"Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a modified form of the cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, IL-12-expressing MSC vaccine GX-051 secretes IL-12. IL-12 activates the immune system by both promoting the secretion of interferon-gamma, which activates natural killer cells (NKs), and inducing cytotoxic T-cell responses, which may result in both decreased cell proliferation and increased cell death in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GX-051","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-12-expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Vaccine GX-051","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSCs/IL-12M","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471821"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758797"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758797"}]}}{"C71743":{"preferredName":"IL-2 Recombinant Fusion Protein ALT-801","code":"C71743","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant protein consisting of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) fused to a humanized soluble T-cell receptor (TCR) directed against a tumor suppressor p53-derived antigen with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. The TCR moiety of IL-2 recombinant fusion protein ALT-801 binds to tumor cells displaying p53 epitope/MHC complexes; subsequently, the tumor cell-localized IL-2 moiety may stimulate natural killer (NK) cell and T cell cytotoxic immune responses against p53-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALT-801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-2 Recombinant Fusion Protein ALT-801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IL-2 Recombinant Fusion Protein ALT-801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346454"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560749"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560749"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"IL-2_Recombinant_Fusion_Protein_ALT-801"}]}}{"C146636":{"preferredName":"IL-2/9/15 Gamma Chain Receptor Inhibitor BNZ-1","code":"C146636","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated peptide antagonist that binds to the common gamma chain (gc; IL2RG; CD132) of the signaling receptor for the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-9, and IL-15, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IL-2/9/15 gc receptor inhibitor BNZ-1 specifically targets and binds to the IL binding site on the gc receptor and blocks IL-2, IL-9 and IL-15 binding, thereby inhibiting IL-2-, IL-9-, and IL-15-mediated signaling and downstream pathways. This may inhibit proliferation of tumor cells that are dependent on IL-2/9/15 signaling for their growth. IL-2/9/15 are upregulated in certain tumor cell types and play a key role in tumor progression and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BNZ-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNZ132-1-40","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-2/9/15 Gamma Chain Receptor Inhibitor BNZ-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IL-2/9/15 Gamma Chain Receptor Inhibitor BNZ-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544668"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792153"}]}}{"C79843":{"preferredName":"IL4-Pseudomonas Exotoxin Fusion Protein MDNA55","code":"C79843","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein consisting of the cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) linked to a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon specific, high-affinity binding to IL-4 receptors located on the tumor cell surface., IL4-Pseudomonas exotoxin fusion protein MDNA55 is internalized; the exotoxin moiety then binds to translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), which may result in ADP ribosylation, deactivation of EF-2, inhibition of protein synthesis, and tumor cell apoptosis. The Pseudomonas exotoxin moiety of this agent has been engineered to reduce non-specific binding to cells expressing its receptor, the multiligand cell surface receptor alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor/low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (alpha 2MR/LRP). IL-4R is a type I transmembrane protein that binds IL-4 and IL-13 and may be overexpressed by cancers such as renal cell carcinoma and glioma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL4-PE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL4-Pseudomonas Exotoxin Fusion Protein MDNA55","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDNA55","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRX-321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRX321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388450"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"630680"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"630680"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"IL4-Pseudomonas_Exotoxin_Fusion_Protein_PRX321"}]}}{"C77863":{"preferredName":"IMT-1012 Immunotherapeutic Vaccine","code":"C77863","definitions":[{"description":"A multi-peptide cancer vaccine with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. IMT-1012 immunotherapeutic vaccine contains twelve different synthetic peptides or tumor associated antigens (TAAs), including cyclin I (CCNI), cyclin-dependent kinase CDC2, EDDRI and TACE/ADAM17, each of which is involved in a different pathway associated with tumor growth, survival, and metastasis. Each antigen in the vaccine elicits a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing that antigen. This multi-antigen/multi-pathway targeting strategy provides broad immunotherapeutic coverage with respect to tumor complexity and heterogeneity and may result in enhanced vaccine efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMT-1012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMT-1012 Immunotherapeutic Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IMT-1012 Immunotherapeutic Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCPM Immunotherapeutic Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383604"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596541"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596541"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"IMT-1012_Immunotherapeutic_Vaccine"}]}}{"C61315":{"preferredName":"INO-1001","code":"C61315","definitions":[{"description":"A isoindolinone derivative and potent inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with chemosensitization and radiosensitization properties. INO-1001 inhibits PARP, which may result in inhibition of tumor cell DNA repair mechanisms and, so, tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. PARP enzymes are activated by DNA breaks and have been implicated in the repair of DNA single-strand breaks (SSB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INO 1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1504945"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"624747-02-0"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485165"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485165"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"INO-1001"}]}}{"C148455":{"preferredName":"IRAK4 Inhibitor CA-4948","code":"C148455","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, reversible inhibitor of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), with potential antineoplastic, immunomodulating and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon oral administration, CA-4948 targets, binds to, and blocks the kinase activity of IRAK4. This inhibits IRAK4-mediated signaling, prevents the activation of IRAK4-mediated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) signaling and decreases the expression of inflammatory cytokines and certain pro-survival factors. This inhibits proliferation of IRAK4-overactivated tumor cells, which are found in cells harboring MYD88 activating mutations or those with overactivated toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways. In addition, CA-4948 may inhibit inflammation and immune-mediated cell destruction in inflammatory and auto-immune diseases where TLR or interleukin 1 receptor (IL-1R) signaling is overactivated and MYD88 is dysregulated. IRAK4, a serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays a key role in both the TLR and IL-1R signaling pathways, is activated though the adaptor protein MYD88 and links the TLR and IL-1R signaling pathway to the NF-kB pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AU 4948","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA 4948","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA-4948","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA4948","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRAK4 Inhibitor CA-4948","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IRAK4 Inhibitor CA-4948","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-1 Receptor-associated Kinase 4 Inhibitor CA-4948","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551081"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1801343-74-7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C61080":{"preferredName":"ISS 1018 CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide","code":"C61080","definitions":[{"description":"A short, synthetic, unmethylated CpG motif-based oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN) with immunostimulatory activity. As an immunostimulatory sequence (ISS) that signals through Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), ISS 1018 CpG ODN induces the production of immunoglobulin by B cells and interferon (IFN) -alpha, IFN-beta, interleukin (IL) -12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -alpha by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC). pDC, through cell-cell contact, and IFN-alpha and -beta, in turn, induce natural killer (NK) cell proliferation, NK cell production of IFN-gamma, and NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity; secreted IFNs also stimulate bystander T cell activation and differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into T-helper 1 cells on specific antigen challenge. In addition, ISS 1018 CpG ODN promotes antigen presentation and co-stimulatory molecule expression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1018 ISS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"1018 ISS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPG 1018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA, D(P-THIO)(T-G-A-C-T-G-T-G-A-A-C-G-T-T-C-G-A-G-A-T-G-A)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISS 1018 CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1506199"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"25DT549L0G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"474964"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"474964"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ISS1018_Oligodeoxynucleotide"}]}}{"C162010":{"preferredName":"ITK Inhibitor CPI-818","code":"C162010","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small-molecule, irreversible inhibitor of interleukin-2 inducible T-cell kinase (ITK) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ITK inhibitor CPI-818 selectively and covalently binds to the cysteine residue at position 442 (CYS-442) of ITK, thereby disrupting ITK-mediated signal transduction, while sparing tyrosine-protein kinase TXK (resting lymphocyte kinase, RLK) activity. This may abrogate T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling through ITK and inhibit TCR-induced proliferation of malignant T-cells. Additionally, inhibiting ITK activation may prevent the upregulation of GATA-3, a transcription factor that drives T-helper 2 (Th2) cell differentiation and is overexpressed in certain T-cell lymphomas. Thus, selective inhibition of ITK may inhibit Th2 responses without affecting T-helper 1 (Th1)-dependent immunity. ITK, a member of the Tec family of non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases plays a significant role in the T-cell development, differentiation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPI 818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI-818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ITK Inhibitor CPI-818","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ITK Inhibitor CPI-818","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-2 Inducible T-cell Kinase Inhibitor CPI-818","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798593"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798593"}]}}{"C1670":{"preferredName":"Ibandronate Sodium","code":"C1670","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to prevent and treat osteoporosis, and is being studied in the treatment of cancer that has spread to the bones. It belongs to the family of drugs called bisphosphonates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt form of ibandronic acid, a synthetic nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate. Ibandronic acid inhibits farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, resulting in a reduction in geranylgeranyl GTPase signaling proteins and apoptosis of osteoclasts. This agent increases bone mineral density, decreases bone remodeling, inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, and reduces metastases-related and corticosteroid-related bone pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bondronate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Boniva","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBANDRONATE SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ibandronate Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Ibandronate Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ibandronate Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ibandronate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0772244"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"138926-19-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Osteoporosis, treatment and prevention"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J12U072QL0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365963"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365963"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H22NO7P2.Na.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ibandronate"}]}}{"C129048":{"preferredName":"Iberdomide","code":"C129048","definitions":[{"description":"A modulator of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing cereblon (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with immunomodulating and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, iberdomide specifically binds to the cereblon (CRBN) part of the ligase complex, thereby affecting the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity, and targeting certain substrate proteins for ubiquitination. This induces the proteasome-mediated degradation of certain transcription factors, including Ikaros (IKZF1) and Aiolos (IKZF3) which are transcriptional repressors in T-cells. This leads to a reduction of their protein levels, and the modulation of the immune system, including activation of T-lymphocytes. In addition, this leads to a downregulation of other proteins, including interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4), which plays a key role in the proliferation of certain cancer cell types. CRBN, the substrate recognition component of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, plays a key role in the ubiquitination of certain proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-3-(4-((4-(Morpholinomethyl)benzyl)oxy)-1-oxoisoindolin-2-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 220","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-220","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBERDOMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iberdomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512126"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1323403-33-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8V66F27X44"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783168"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783168"}]}}{"C1680":{"preferredName":"Iboctadekin","code":"C1680","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18). Produced primarily by macrophages, IL-18 induces the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and enhances the activity of natural killer (NK) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). As a potential immunotherapeutic agent, iboctadekin displays antitumor effects in vitro and in animal models. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Interleukin-18 (Recombinant, Expressed in Escherichia coli)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Recombinant Interleukin-18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBOCTADEKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IFN-Gamma-Inducing Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-18","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iboctadekin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iboctadekin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon-Gamma-Inducing Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interleukin-18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB 485232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-485232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527127"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"479198-61-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X08H9UZ7TO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"386168"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"386168"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interleukin-18"}]}}{"C29981":{"preferredName":"Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","code":"C29981","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is used to treat certain types of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is being studied in the treatment and detection of other types of B-cell tumors. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Ibritumomab binds to the protein called CD20, which is found on B cells. It is linked to the compound tiuxetan. This allows certain radioisotopes to be attached before it is given to a patient. It is a type of monoclonal antibody-chelator conjugate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An immunoconjugate of the monoclonal antibody ibritumomab conjugated with the linker-chelator tiuxetan, a high affinity, conformationally restricted chelation site for radioisotopes. When bound to indium In 111 or yttrium Y 90, ibritumomab tiuxetan, targeting the CD20 antigen on B cell surfaces, specifically delivers a potentially cytotoxic dose of radiation to B lymphocytes. Ibritumomab is a murine IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, which is found on the surface of normal and malignant B lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IBRITUMOMAB TIUXETAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IDEC-129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDEC-2B8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zevalin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Zevalin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ibritumomab tiuxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0877880"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"206181-63-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4Q52C550XK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43080"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43080"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H32N5O10S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ibritumomab_Tiuxetan"}]}}{"C81934":{"preferredName":"Ibrutinib","code":"C81934","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ibrutinib binds to and irreversibly inhibits BTK activity, thereby preventing both B-cell activation and B-cell-mediated signaling. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is required for B cell receptor signaling, plays a key role in B-cell maturation, and is overexpressed in a number of B-cell malignancies. The expression of BTK in tumor cells is also associated with increased proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propen-1-one, 1-((3R)-3-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1h-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-1-yl)-1-piperidinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor PCI-32765","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRA-032765","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ibrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ibrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imbruvica","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCI-32765","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830052"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"936563-96-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM); mantle cell lymphoma (MCL); chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1X70OSD4VX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638648"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638648"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H24N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BTK_Inhibitor_PCI-32765"}]}}{"C99160":{"preferredName":"Icotinib Hydrochloride","code":"C99160","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of icotinib, an orally available quinazoline-based inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Icotinib selectively inhibits the wild-type and several mutated forms of EGFR tyrosine kinase. This may lead to an inhibition of EGFR-mediated signal transduction and may inhibit cancer cell proliferation. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, has been upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1,4,7,10)Tetraoxacyclododecino(2,3-g)quinazolin-4-amine, N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-7,8,10,11,13,14-hexahydro-, Hydrochloride (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI-2009H","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conmana","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICOTINIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Icotinib HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Icotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Icotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524350"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1204313-51-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JTD32I0J83"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717145"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717145"}]}}{"C79808":{"preferredName":"Icrucumab","code":"C79808","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR-1/FLT-1) with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Icrucumab specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of VEGFR-1, which may prevent the activation of downstream signaling pathways and so inhibit tumor angiogenesis; the subsequent reduction in tumor nutrient supply may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. Tumor cell overexpression of VEGFR-1 may be associated with tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation and invasion; VEGFR-1 may modulate VEGFR-2 signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGFR-1 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-18F1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-18F1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICRUCUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IMC-18F1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC18F1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Icrucumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Icrucumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703168"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1024603-92-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T7H0B1R64U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"625428"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"625428"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-VEGFR-1_Monoclonal_Antibody_IMC-18F1"}]}}{"C562":{"preferredName":"Idarubicin","code":"C562","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic 4-demethoxy analogue of the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic daunorubicin. Idarubicin intercalates into DNA and interferes with the activity of topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication, RNA transcription and protein synthesis. Due to its high lipophilicity, idarubicin penetrates cell membranes more efficiently than other anthracycline antibiotic compounds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,3S)-3-Acetyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-3,5,12-trihydroxy-6,11-dioxo-1-naphthacenyl-3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-hexopyranoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(7S-cis)-9-Acetyl-7-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,9,11-trihydroxy-5,12-naphthacenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-DMDR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Demethoxydaunomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Demethoxydaunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-demethoxydaunorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IDARUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Idarubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Idarubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"idarubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020789"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58957-92-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia; acute nonlymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZRP63D75JW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39753"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39753"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H27NO9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Idarubicin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:42068"}]}}{"C1587":{"preferredName":"Idarubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C1587","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic idarubicin. Idarubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. Due to its high lipophilicity, idarubicin penetrates cell membranes more efficiently than other anthracycline antibiotic compounds","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDARUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IMI-30","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idamycin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idamycin PFS","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idarubicin HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idarubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Idarubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idarubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SC-33428","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zavedos","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"256439"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0939353"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57852-57-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"In combination therapies for acute myelogenous leukemia and pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemia."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5VV3MDU5IE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H27NO9.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Idarubicin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C90593":{"preferredName":"Idarubicin-Eluting Beads","code":"C90593","definitions":[{"description":"A sustained-release drug delivery embolization system containing small polymeric beads impregnated with the anthracycline antibiotic idarubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. The beads consist of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microspheres modified with sulfonic acid groups and loaded with idarubicin. During transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the hepatic artery, idarubicin-eluting beads embolize to the tumor vasculature, occlude tumor blood vessels and induce ischemic necrosis of tumor tissue due to mechanical blockage of the tumor vasculature. Simultaneously, idarubicin-eluting beads release cytotoxic idarubicin locally and in a sustained manner. This may result in idarubicin-mediated inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Idarubicin-Eluting Beads","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413614"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663437"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663437"}]}}{"C99131":{"preferredName":"Idasanutlin","code":"C99131","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule, antagonist of MDM2 (mouse double minute 2; Mdm2 p53 binding protein homolog), with potential antineoplastic activity. Idasanutlin binds to MDM2 blocking the interaction between the MDM2 protein and the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing the MDM2-p53 interaction, p53 is not enzymatically degraded and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This may lead to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger nuclear phosphoprotein and negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is often overexpressed in cancer cells and has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDASANUTLIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Idasanutlin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Idasanutlin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7388","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7388","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5503781","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5503781","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3851180"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QSQ883V35U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715916"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715916"}]}}{"C117729":{"preferredName":"Idecabtagene Vicleucel","code":"C117729","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTLs) that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, idecabtagene vicleucel specifically recognizes and kills BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma survival; it is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA CAR T Cells BB2121","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA-CAR-transduced T Cells BB2121","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB2121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA-specific CAR-expressing T Lymphocytes BB2121","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ide-cel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idecabtagene Vicleucel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idecabtagene Vicleucel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Idecabtagene Vicleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474124"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763837"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763837"}]}}{"C78825":{"preferredName":"Idelalisib","code":"C78825","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the delta isoform of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Idelalisib inhibits the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), preventing the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, motility, and survival. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in hematopoietic lineages. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Fluoro-3-phenyl-2-((S)-1-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)-propyl)-3H- quinazolin-4-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAL-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS 1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDELALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Idelalisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Idelalisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Delta Inhibitor CAL-101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zydelig","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698692"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"870281-82-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YG57I8T5M0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601486"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601486"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PI3K-delta_Inhibitor_CAL-101"}]}}{"C74042":{"preferredName":"Idiotype-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine APC8020","code":"C74042","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with tumor-derived clonal immunoglobulin (Ig) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, idiotype-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine APC8020, containing idiotype (Id) protein structures that can be recognized by antibodies and by CD41 T lymphocytes and CD81 T lymphocytes, may stimulate antitumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against Id-expressing tumor cells. The Id represents the unique antigenic determinants in the variable regions of the clonal Ig.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APC8020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idiotype-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine APC8020","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mylovenge","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383479"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"584999"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"584999"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Idiotype-Pulsed_Autologous_Dendritic_Cell_Vaccine_APC8020"}]}}{"C2642":{"preferredName":"Idronoxil","code":"C2642","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called signal transduction inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic flavonoid derivative. Idronoxil activates the mitochondrial caspase system, inhibits X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), and disrupts FLICE inhibitory protein (FLIP) expression, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. This agent also inhibits DNA topoisomerase II by stabilizing the cleavable complex, thereby preventing DNA replication and resulting in tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-7-ol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-7-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDRONOXIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Idronoxil","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Idronoxil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOX66","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NV-06","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenoxodiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"phenoxodiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134444"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"81267-65-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"995FT1W541"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38371"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38371"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H12O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Phenoxodiol"}]}}{"C132257":{"preferredName":"Idronoxil Suppository NOX66","code":"C132257","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, suppository-based formulation composed of idronoxil, a synthetic flavonoid derivative, surrounded by a proprietary lipid that protects idronoxil from phase 2 degradation, with potential chemo- and radio-sensitizing activities. Upon administration, idronoxil blocks the activity of ecto-NOX disulfide-thiol exchanger 2 (ENOX2; tNOX), a tumor-specific external NADH oxidase that maintains the transmembrane electron potential across the plasma membrane and is overexpressed in certain cancer cell types while absent in normal, healthy cells. Loss of this potential directly inhibits certain pro-survival signal transduction pathways, such as the PARP1/PI3 kinase/Akt signaling pathway. The inhibition of these pathways prevents resistance to standard chemo- and radio-therapy and makes tumor cells more susceptible to the anti-tumor activity of conventional chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy. The formulation prevents detoxification of idronoxil to an inactive form by bypassing phase 2 metabolism; this increases idronoxil's bioavailability as compared to idronoxil alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Idronoxil Suppository NOX66","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOX66","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520045"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787307"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787307"}]}}{"C116629":{"preferredName":"Ifabotuzumab","code":"C116629","definitions":[{"description":"A non-fucosylated monoclonal antibody directed against the ephrin receptor A3 (EphA3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ifabotuzumab selectively binds to tumor cells expressing EphA3. This blocks both EphA3 activation and EphA3-mediated signaling, and induces apoptosis in EphA3-expressing tumor cells. In addition, ifabotuzumab can stimulate antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against EphA3-expressing tumor cells. This agent also prevents tumor cell proliferation by inhibiting both EphA3 signaling and proliferation of endothelial cells in the tumor vasculature. The cell-surface receptor EphA3, a member of the ephrin family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that are involved in mammalian development, is overexpressed by a variety of tumor types but is not expressed in normal healthy adult tissues. It plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation. Non-fucosylation of the antibody enhances its ADCC activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibatuzumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFABOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ifabotuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ifabotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KB 004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KB-004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KB004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433718"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1234137-51-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2BN89552WP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686621"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686621"}]}}{"C81570":{"preferredName":"Ifetroban","code":"C81570","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable thromboxane (TxA2) and prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) (TP) receptor antagonist, with anti-thrombotic, anti-hypertensive, anti-asthmatic and potential anti-metastatic activities. Upon administration, ifetroban targets and binds to TxA2 and PGH2 receptors, thereby preventing the activity of both TxA2 and PGH2 and disrupting their downstream signaling pathways. This prevents platelet activation, aggregation and thrombosis. It also prevents vascular constriction and causes vasodilation. In addition, as cancer cells use platelets to metastasize to different parts of the body, ifetroban can reduce the stickiness of the platelets and prevent metastasis. TxA2 causes vascular contraction and platelet activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IFETROBAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ifetroban","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ifetroban","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0287939"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"143443-90-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E833KT807K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H32N2O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ifetroban"}]}}{"C564":{"preferredName":"Ifosfamide","code":"C564","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used with other drugs to treat germ cell testicular cancer that did not respond to previous treatment with other drugs. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Ifex attaches to DNA in cells and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of alkylating agent and a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic analogue of the nitrogen mustard cyclophosphamide with antineoplastic activity. Ifosfamide alkylates and forms DNA crosslinks, thereby preventing DNA strand separation and DNA replication. This agent is a prodrug that must be activated through hydroxylation by hepatic microsomal enzymes. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-oxo-N,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl) tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin- 2-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-(2-chloroethyl)-2-[(2-chloroethyl)amino]tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-2-oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asta Z 4942","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Asta Z-4942","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyfos","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cyfos","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Holoxan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Holoxane","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFO-Cell","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IFX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ifex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Ifex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ifolem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ifomida","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ifomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ifosfamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ifosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ifosfamidum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ifoxan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iphosphamid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Iphosphamid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iphosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Iphosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iso-Endoxan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isoendoxan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Isoendoxan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Isophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MJF 9325","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MJF-9325","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitoxana","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mitoxana","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-2-amine 2-oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Naxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Naxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seromida","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tronoxal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z 4942","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Z-4942","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ifosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"109724"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020823"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3778-73-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; gastric carcinoma; lung cancer; lymphocytic leukemias; lymphoma; Hodgkins and Non-Hodgkins; ovarian cancer; pancreatic carcinoma; sarcomas; testicular cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UM20QQM95Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40024"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H15Cl2N2O2P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ifosfamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:5864"}]}}{"C99902":{"preferredName":"Ilixadencel","code":"C99902","definitions":[{"description":"An off-the-shelf immune primer consisting of allogeneic monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) that have been stimulated with a combination of activating factors to produce pro-inflammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-12, p70 (IL-12 p70), C-C motif chemokine 4 (CCL4; macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta; MIP-1-beta), C-C motif chemokine 5 (CCL5; RANTES), and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection of ilixadencel, the dendritic cells (DCs) release type 1 T-helper cell (Th1)-associated chemokines, including CCL4, CCL5 and CXCL10, that may recruit natural killer (NK)-cells and pre-DCs into the tumor microenvironment (TME). The interaction between NK cells and ilixadencel DCs may induce NK-cell-mediated killing of tumor cells, resulting in release of tumor-associated-antigens (TAAs). The production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by activated NK-cells and TNF-alpha/beta released by ilixadencel DCs will induce maturation and promote cross-presentation of TAAs by recruited endogenous \"bystander\" DCs. Migration of these antigen-loaded and matured \"bystander\" DCs to the tumor-draining lymph node will lead to a Th1-polarized activation of tumor-specific T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COMBIG-DC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ilixadencel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ilixadencel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intuvax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433603"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797415"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797415"}]}}{"C48397":{"preferredName":"Iloprost","code":"C48397","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the prevention of lung cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called prostaglandin analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A prostacyclin analogue with potential chemopreventive activity. Iloprost binds to the prostacyclin receptor in various target cells, thereby causing vasodilation, inhibition of platelet aggregation, and decreased tumor cell adhesion to endothelium among other effects. Prostacyclin is a naturally occurring eicosanoid with anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and anti-metastatic properties. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-(3aS,4R,5R,6aS)-Hexahydro-5-hydroxy-4-((E)-(3S,4RS)-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-1-octen-6-ynyl)-delta(sup 2(1H),delta)-pentalenevaleric Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ciloprost","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILOPROST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iloprost","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Iloprost","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iloprost Clathrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentanoic Acid, 5-(hexahydro-5-hydroxy-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-1-octen-6-ynyl)-2(1H)-pentalenylidene)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventavis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZK 36374","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iloprost","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079594"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"78919-13-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JED5K35YGL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365679"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365679"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H32O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Iloprost"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63916"}]}}{"C116729":{"preferredName":"Ilorasertib","code":"C116729","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, adenosine triphospate mimetic, and inhibitor of Aurora kinases, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFRs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ilorasertib selectively binds to and inhibits Aurora kinases A, B and C, which may disrupt both the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus and chromosome segregation, and inhibit both cellular division and proliferation in Aurora kinase-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, ilorasertib selectively binds to and inhibits VEGFRs and PDGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of both angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation in VEGFR/PDGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. This agent also inhibits the Src family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases. Aurora kinases A, B and C, are serine/threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control and are overexpressed by a wide variety of tumor cell types. Both VEGFRs and PDGFRs are receptor tyrosine kinase families whose members may be upregulated in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(4-(4-Amino-7-(1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(3-fluorophenyl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-968660.0","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-348","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILORASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ilorasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ilorasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3660880"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1227939-82-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6L5D03D975"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672556"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672556"}]}}{"C104260":{"preferredName":"Imalumab","code":"C104260","definitions":[{"description":"A human, recombinant monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), with potential immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, imalumab binds to MIF, blocking its activity and preventing the MIF-mediated secretion of certain cytokines, including interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. This may lead to an inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in MIF-overexpressing tumor cells. MIF, a pro-inflammatory cytokine overexpressed in some cancers, plays a key role in inflammation, immune responses and cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAX-69","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAX069","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAX69","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMALUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imalumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imalumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1-kappa, Anti-(Homo sapiens MIF (Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor, Glycosylation-inhibiting Factor, GlIF, GIF)), Homo sapiens Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446652"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1430205-07-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"22F97PC79G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740468"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740468"}]}}{"C62035":{"preferredName":"Imatinib","code":"C62035","definitions":[{"description":"An antineoplastic agent that inhibits the Bcr-Abl fusion protein tyrosine kinase, an abnormal enzyme produced by chronic myeloid leukemia cells that contain the Philadelphia chromosome. Imatinib also inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and stem cell factor (SCF)/c-kit; the SCF/c-kit receptor tyrosine kinase is activated in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). This agent inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in cells that overexpress these oncoproteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[(4-Methyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl]-N-[4-methyl-3-[[4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]phenyl]benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935989"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"152459-95-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BKJ8M8G5HI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H31N7O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Imatinib_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:45783"}]}}{"C1687":{"preferredName":"Imatinib Mesylate","code":"C1687","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat different types of leukemia and other cancers of the blood, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, skin tumors called dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and a rare condition called systemic mastocytosis. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Imatinib mesylate blocks the protein made by the bcr/abl oncogene. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The mesylate salt of imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Imatinib binds to an intracellular pocket located within tyrosine kinases (TK), thereby inhibiting ATP binding and preventing phosphorylation and the subsequent activation of growth receptors and their downstream signal transduction pathways. This agent inhibits TK encoded by the bcr-abl oncogene as well as receptor TKs encoded by the c-kit and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) oncogenes. Inhibition of the bcr-abl TK results in decreased proliferation and enhanced apoptosis in malignant cells of Philadelphia-positive (Ph+) hematological malignancies such as CML and ALL; effects on c-kit TK activity inhibit mast-cell and cellular proliferation in those diseases overexpressing c-kit, such as mastocytosis and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[(4-Methyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl]-N-[4-methyl-3-[[4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]phenyl]benzamide Monomethanesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP 57148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP57148B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleevec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Gleevec","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Gleevec","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glivec","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMATINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Imatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STI 571","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"STI-571","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STI571","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"STI571","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"imatinib mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"716051"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0939537"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"220127-57-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, hypereosinophillic syndrome, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, mutated-PDGFR myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative diseases."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8A1O1M485B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37862"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37862"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H31N7O.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Imatinib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31690"}]}}{"C49084":{"preferredName":"Imetelstat","code":"C49084","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic lipid-conjugated, 13-mer oligonucleotide N3'-P5'-thio-phosphoramidate with potential antineoplastic activity. Complementary to the template region of telomerase (hTR) RNA, imetelstat acts as a competitive enzyme inhibitor that binds and blocks the active site of the enzyme (a telomerase template antagonist), a mechanism of action which differs from that for the antisense oligonucleotide-mediated inhibition of telomerase activity through telomerase mRNA binding. Inhibition of telomerase activity in tumor cells by imetelstat results in telomere shortening, which leads to cell cycle arrest or apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA, d(3'-amino-3'-deoxy-P-thio)(T-A-G-G-G-T-T-A-G-A-C-A-A), 5'-[O-[2-hydroxy-3- [(1-oxohexadecyl)amino]propyl] hydrogen phosphorothioate]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRN 163L","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMETELSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imetelstat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2746063"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"868169-64-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F60NE4XB53"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C148H211N68O53P13S13"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"GRN163L"}]}}{"C84511":{"preferredName":"Imetelstat Sodium","code":"C84511","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of imetelstat, a synthetic lipid-conjugated, 13-mer oligonucleotide N3' P5'-thio-phosphoramidate with potential antineoplastic activity. Complementary to the template region of telomerase RNA (hTR), imetelstat acts as a competitive enzyme inhibitor that binds and blocks the active site of the enzyme (a \"telomerase template antagonist\"), a mechanism of action which differs from that for the antisense oligonucleotide-mediated inhibition of telomerase activity through telomerase mRNA binding. Inhibition of telomerase activity in tumor cells by imetelstat results in telomere shortening, which leads to cell cycle arrest or apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA, d(3'-amino-3'-deoxy-P-thio)(T-A-G-G-G-T-T-A-G-A-C-A-A), 5'-[O-[2-hydroxy-3- [(1-oxohexadecyl)amino]propyl] hydrogen phosphorothioate], Sodium Salt (1:13)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRN163L","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRN163L, Sodium Salt","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMETELSTAT SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imetelstat Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imetelstat Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708156"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1007380-31-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2AW48LAZ4I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"447136"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"447136"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C148H198N68O53P13S13.13Na"}]}}{"C29115":{"preferredName":"Imexon","code":"C29115","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer, including pancreatic, lung, breast, prostate, melanoma, and multiple myeloma. It belongs to the family of drugs called cyanoaziridine derivatives.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 2-cyanoaziridine derivative with antitumor activity in multiple myeloma. Although its mechanism of action is not clearly known, imexon may induce apoptosis via a pathway involving cleaved caspase-3, caspase-9, and/or caspase-8. Other cytotoxic mechanisms of action of this agent may involve thiol depletion, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and decreases in the mitochondrial membrane potential. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-imino-1,3-diazabicyclo[3,1,0]-hexan-2-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amplimexon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Amplimexon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMEXON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imexon","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imexon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"imexon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"714597"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0097147"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"59643-91-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8F63U28T2V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468469"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468469"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H5N3O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Imexon"}]}}{"C2216":{"preferredName":"Imidazole Mustard","code":"C2216","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic derivative of imidazole with potent antineoplastic properties. Imidazole mustard alkylates DNA, preferentially at guanine residues, resulting in DNA interstrand crosslinks and inhibition of DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-[3, 3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-triazeno]-imidazole-4-carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-[3, 3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-triazeno]imidazole-4-carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-[3,3-Bis(2-Chloroethyl)-1-Triazeno]Imidazole-4-Carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imidazole Mustard","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imidazole mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TIC Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIC mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"82196"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0063382"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5034-77-5"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39483"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39483"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Imidazole_Mustard"}]}}{"C29344":{"preferredName":"Imidazole-Pyrazole","code":"C29344","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic agent, also known as IMPY, with antineoplastic properties. IMPY inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, an enzyme that converts ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides during DNA synthesis; this agent specifically binds the smaller, nonheme-iron subunit of the enzyme. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,3-Dihydro-1H-imidazo(1,2-b)pyrazole","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRN 0742753","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMPY","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imidazole-Pyrazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imidazolepyrazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Inhibits the nonheme-iron subunit of ribonucleotide reductase"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"51143"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0045368"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pyrazole_Imidazole"}]}}{"C126638":{"preferredName":"Imipramine Blue","code":"C126638","definitions":[{"description":"A triphenylmethane-based dye and an inhibitor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) oxidase 4 (NOX4), with potential anti-invasive and anti-oxidative activities. Upon administration, imipramine blue (IB) inhibits the activity of NOX4 and prevents NOX4-mediated cell signaling. This prevents the formation of NOX4-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS), abrogates the ROS-induced inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) activation, and induces both G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. NOX4, an enzyme belonging to the NOX family of proteins, promotes the production of ROS and plays a key role in the suppression of PTP activation; it is upregulated in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imipramine Blue","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imipramine Blue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL505071"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C1431":{"preferredName":"Imiquimod","code":"C1431","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat early basal cell skin cancer and certain other skin conditions. It is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Imiquimod is a type of biological response modifier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic agent with immune response modifying activity. As an immune response modifier (IRM), imiquimod stimulates cytokine production, especially interferon production, and exhibits antitumor activity, particularly against cutaneous cancers. Imiquimod's proapoptotic activity appears to be related to Bcl-2 overexpression in susceptible tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Imidazo(4,5-c)quinolin-4-amine, 1-(2-methylpropyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Amino-1-isobutyl-1H-imidazo(4,5-c)quinoline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aldara","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Aldara","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMIQUIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imiquimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Imiquimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imiquimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R 837","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S 26308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zyclara","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"imiquimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"741062"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"369100"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0718327"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"99011-02-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Condyloma; Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma; Actinic Keratosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P1QW714R7M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38558"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38558"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H16N4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Imiquimod"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:36704"}]}}{"C113795":{"preferredName":"Immediate-release Onapristone","code":"C113795","definitions":[{"description":"An immediate-release (IR) formulation of onapristone, an orally bioavailable progesterone receptor (PR) antagonist, with antineoplastic activity. Onapristone binds to the PR and inhibits both PR activation and the associated expression of PR-responsive genes. This may inhibit PR-mediated proliferative effects in cancer cells overexpressing PR. PR is expressed on certain cancer cell types and plays a key role in proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IR Onapristone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immediate-release Onapristone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471777"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757590"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757590"}]}}{"C113658":{"preferredName":"Immediate-release Tablet Afuresertib","code":"C113658","definitions":[{"description":"An immediate-release (IR) tablet formulation containing afuresertib, an inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of the IR formulation, afuresertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, decreased tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis in Akt-expressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK2110183 IR Tablet","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IR Afuresertib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immediate-release Tablet Afuresertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458371"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757069"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757069"}]}}{"C141421":{"preferredName":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ASP8374","code":"C141421","definitions":[{"description":"An immune checkpoint inhibitor with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact target is undisclosed, ASP8374 inhibits the activity of an immune checkpoint protein, which ultimately leads to the activation of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP 8374","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-8374","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP8374","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ASP8374","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ASP8374","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539507"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791403"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791403"}]}}{"C104058":{"preferredName":"Immunoconjugate RO5479599","code":"C104058","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate containing a glycoengineered, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor HER3 (ErbB3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, RO5479599 binds to the extracellular domain of HER3 and inhibits HER3 dimerization; thereby, preventing EGFR-dependent signaling. In addition, RO5479599 stimulates the immune system to exert antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This may decrease proliferation of HER3-overexpressing tumor cells. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in tumors; it has no active kinase domain but is activated through heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family, such as HER2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoconjugate RO5479599","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5479599","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433954"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744816"}]}}{"C97961":{"preferredName":"Immunocytokine NHS-IL12","code":"C97961","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein consisting of the heavy-chains of the human antibody NHS76, raised against DNA released by necrotic tumor cells, and fused to two molecules of a genetically modified human interleukin-12 (IL-12) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of immunocytokine NHS-IL12 binds to DNA released from necrotic tumor cells located primarily at the core of necrotic solid tumors, thereby delivering the IL-12 moiety. In turn, the IL-12 moiety of this agent stimulates the host immune system to mount an immune response against tumor cells, thereby inhibiting tumor growth. IL-12 is a proinflammatory cytokine with numerous immunoregulatory functions and may augment host immune responses to tumor cells. By targeting tumor cells, NHS-IL-12 may reduce the toxicity associated with systemic administration of recombinant human IL-12.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunocytokine NHS-IL12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunocytokine NHS-IL12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NHS-IL-12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NHS-IL12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273725"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710539"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710539"}]}}{"C82411":{"preferredName":"Immunocytokine NHS-IL2-LT","code":"C82411","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein consisting of a mouse-human chimeric antibody directed against DNA released by necrotic tumor cells fused to two molecules of a genetically modified human interleukin-2 (IL-2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of immunocytokine NHS-IL2-LT binds to DNA released by necrotic tumor cells located primarily at the core of necrotic solid tumors, delivering the IL-2 moiety. In turn, the IL-2 moiety of this agent activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against nearby tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ch.14.18-IL2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 521873","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunocytokine NHS-IL2-LT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selectikine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830085"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641919"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641919"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Selectikine"}]}}{"C152979":{"preferredName":"Immunomodulator LAM-003","code":"C152979","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable immunomodulating agent with potential antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunomodulator LAM-003","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunomodulator LAM-003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAM 003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAM-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAM003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554182"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793859"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793859"}]}}{"C49092":{"preferredName":"Immunomodulator OHR/AVR118","code":"C49092","definitions":[{"description":"A broad-spectrum peptide nucleic acid formulation comprised of breakdown products of casein, peptone, RNA and serum albumin, with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-anorectic and anti-cachexia activities. AVR118 mainly contains two peptides, peptide A and peptide B, in approximately a 1:1 ratio: peptide A (31 a. a.) is derived from bovine casein; peptide B (21 a. a.) is covalently linked via phosphodiester bond to a diadenosine unit. In addition, AVR118 contains nucleosides, nucleoside diphosphates and nucleoside monophosphates. Upon subcutaneous injection of AVR118, this agent affects the synthesis of many pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, especially monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). In particular, AVR118 stimulates macrophages to produce these mediators while in highly activated macrophages this agent inhibits their synthesis. This way, AVR118 may prevent the excessive release of cytokines seen during chemotherapy. Controlling the release of pro-inflammatory mediators may ultimately improve appetite and mood, increase strength and weight gain, and decrease fatigue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVR118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunomodulator OHR/AVR118","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Product R","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1172837"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686449"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453546"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686449"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453546"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AVR118"}]}}{"C101370":{"preferredName":"Immunomodulatory Agent CC-11006","code":"C101370","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, orally available, small molecule and thalidomide analog, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. CC-11006 appears to have a similar mechanism to thalidomide and may modulate the expression of proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-11006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-11006-MDS-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunomodulatory Agent CC-11006","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunomodulatory Agent CC-11006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435550"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730575"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730575"}]}}{"C49182":{"preferredName":"Immunomodulatory Oligonucleotide HYB2055","code":"C49182","definitions":[{"description":"A second generation synthetic oligonucleotide with immunomodulatory and potential antineoplastic activities. HYB2055 consists of unmethylated CpG dinucleotide motifs that are present abundantly in bacterial and parasitic DNA, and a novel DNA structure, called an immunomer that contributes to metabolic stability of the agent. Upon infections, CpG-containing DNA released from pathogenic organisms triggers host immune responses, which are mediated by the action of intracellular toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), a pattern recognition receptor. This agent mimics bacterial DNA and selectively activates TLR9, thereby initiating immune signaling pathways, and leading to activation of B-cells and dendritic cells and induction of Th1-type cytokine production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amplivax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMO-2055","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunomodulatory Oligonucleotide HYB2055","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imoxine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708303"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HYB2055"}]}}{"C122922":{"preferredName":"Immunotherapeutic Combination Product CMB305","code":"C122922","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic combination product composed of LV305, an engineered lentiviral vector that both targets dendritic cells (DCs) and contains nucleic acids encoding the human tumor-associated cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 (CTAG1), and G305, a cancer vaccine comprised of an NY-ESO-1 recombinant protein and glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (GLA)-stable emulsion (GLA-SE), with potential synergistic immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of LV305, the DC-targeting lentiviral vector targets and binds to dermal DCs via the DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) receptor. Upon internalization of the vector, the NY-ESO-1 protein is expressed, which stimulates DC maturation, and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against NY-ESO-1-expressing cells; this may result in tumor cell lysis. Upon the sequential intramuscular injection of G305, the adjuvant portion of G305 binds to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) expressed on various immune cells, including DCs, monocytes, macrophages and B-cells. The activated DCs present the NY-ESO-1 antigen to CD4-positive Th1 T-lymphocytes. The induction of antigen-specific CD4-positive T-lymphocytes further induces a CTL response against NY-ESO-1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, G305 induces an NY-ESO-1-specific antibody response. NY-ESO-1, expressed in normal testes and on the surfaces of various tumor cells, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CMB 305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMB305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ID-CMB305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ID-LV305 Plus ID G305","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotherapeutic Combination Product CMB305","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunotherapeutic Combination Product CMB305","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LV 305 Plus G 305","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LV305 Plus G305","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053576"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777295"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777295"}]}}{"C91714":{"preferredName":"Immunotherapeutic GSK1572932A","code":"C91714","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic containing a proprietary adjuvant system combined with a melanoma-associated antigen peptide MAGE-A3 epitope with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Intramuscular administration with GSK1572932A may stimulate the immune system to exert both humoral and cellular immune responses against MAGE-A3-expressing tumor cells. MAGE-A3, a tumor associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), melanoma, head and neck cancer, and bladder cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK1572932A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotherapeutic GSK1572932A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunotherapeutic GSK1572932A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL371862"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544201"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544201"}]}}{"C77971":{"preferredName":"Immunotherapy Regimen MKC-1106-MT","code":"C77971","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapy regimen containing three components: a plasmid encoding portions of the two melanoma-associated antigens Melan A (also called MART-1) and tyrosinase and two synthetic analogs of Melan-A and tyrosinase antigen epitopes with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. First, the plasmid is injected directly into lymph nodes in order to sensitize or prime antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and central memory T cells in lymph nodes to plasmid-expressed Melan A and tyrosinase. After several priming injections with plasmids, the Melan A and tyrosinase synthetic epitope analogs are injected directly into lymph nodes; upon binding to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on APC cell surfaces, these synthetic epitope analogs may stimulate a \"primed\" cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against melanoma tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Melan-A and tyrosinase are overexpressed by melanoma tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunotherapy Regimen MKC-1106-MT","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunotherapy Regimen MKC-1106-MT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MKC-1106-MT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL386958"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598417"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598417"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MKC-1106-MT"}]}}{"C62480":{"preferredName":"Immunotoxin CMD-193","code":"C62480","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunotoxin directed against the Lewis Y antigen conjugated with calicheamicin, a hydrophobic enediyne antibiotic, with potential antineoplastic activity. CMD193 binds to the Lewis Y antigen, a tetrasaccharide expressed on the cell surfaces of many tumor cell types. Upon binding, CMD-193 is internalized, thereby delivering the attached calicheamicin to Lewis Y antigen-expressing tumor cells. Calicheamicin binds non-covalently to the minor groove of DNA and prompts conformational changes and DNA oxidation, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis and inducing apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CMD 193","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMD-193","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMD193","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin CMD-193","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879965"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1080645-97-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489295"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489295"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CMD-193"}]}}{"C29317":{"preferredName":"Inalimarev","code":"C29317","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine made with a form of vaccinia virus that does not cause disease in humans. It is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. The virus is changed in the laboratory to make human proteins, including the tumor markers called CEA and MUC-1, that may help immune cells in the body kill tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant vaccinia viral vector encoding the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), MUC-1 (mucin-1), a transmembrane glycoprotein secreted by glandular tissues, and TRICOM, comprised of the three co-stimulatory molecule transgenes B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3. Upon administration, inalimarev may enhance CEA and MUC-1 presentation to antigen presenting cells (APC) and may activate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA- and MUC-1-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inalimarev","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inalimarev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANVAC-V","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PANVAC-V","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaccinia-CEA-MUC1-TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"inalimarev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rVaccinia-CEA(D609)/MUC1(L93)/TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"recombinant vaccinia-CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"727026"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541349"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"685563-13-7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385666"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385666"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"rVaccinia-CEA_D609_MUC1_L93_TRICOM"}]}}{"C2454":{"preferredName":"Incyclinide","code":"C2454","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. COL-3 may block the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chemically-modified tetracycline with potential antineoplastic activity. Incyclinide inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. This agent also causes mitochondrial depolarization in tumor cells and induces both cellular apoptosis and tissue necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Dimethlyamino Sancycline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Dimethlyaminosancycline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-dedimethylamino sancycline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-deoxy, 6-demethyl, 4-de-dimethylamino tetracycline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-deoxy-6-demethyl-4-dedimethylaminotetracycline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMT-3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COL 3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COL-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"COL-3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCYCLINIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Incyclinide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Incyclinide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Metastat","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetracycline CMT-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"683551"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0763138"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"15866-90-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"21G64WZQ4I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42884"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42884"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H17NO7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"COL-3"}]}}{"C2049":{"preferredName":"Indibulin","code":"C2049","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small molecule with antimitotic and potential antineoplastic activities. Indibulin binds to a site on tubulin that is different from taxane- or Vinca alkaloid-binding sites, destabilizing tubulin polymerization and inducing tumor cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This agent has been shown to be active against multidrug-resistant (MDR) and taxane- resistant tumor cell lines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D 24851","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-24851","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INDIBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Indibulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(Pyridin-4-yl)-(1-(4-chlorobenzyl)indol-3-yl)glycoxylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZIO-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1956330"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"204205-90-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"80K4H2RB8P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587341"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587341"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H16ClN3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"D_24851"}]}}{"C1134":{"preferredName":"Indicine-N-Oxide","code":"C1134","definitions":[{"description":"A natural pyrrolizidine alkaloid with antineoplastic properties. Indicine-N-oxide alkylates and crosslinks DNA. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,3-Dihydroxy-2-(1-methylethyl)butanoic Acid (2,3,5,7a-tetrahydro-1-hydroxy-1H-pyrrolizin-7-yl)methyl Ester N-Oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanoic Acid, 2,3-Dihydroxy-2-(1-methylethyl)- (2,3,5, 7a-tetrahydro-1-hydroxy-1H-pyrrolizin-7-yl) Methyl Ester, N-Oxide,(1R-(1alpha,7(2R*,3S*),7a-beta))-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-2-(1-methylethyl)- (2,3,5, 7a-tetrahydro-1-hydroxy-1H-pyrrolizin-7-yl) methyl ester, N-oxide, (1R-(1alpha,7(2R*,3S*),7a-beta))-(9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Indicine N-Oxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indicine N-oxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Indicine, N-oxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Indicine-N-Oxide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"132319"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0063465"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"41708-76-3"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39482"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39482"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Indicine-N-Oxide"}]}}{"C25797":{"preferredName":"Indisulam","code":"C25797","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that belongs to the family of drugs called sulfonamides. It is being studied for its ability to treat cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A novel sulfonamide compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Indisulam inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK), which regulate cell cycle progression and are usually over-expressed in cancerous cells. Inhibition of CDK results in G1/S phase arrest of the cell cycle, and may lead to induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. In addition, indisulam also inhibits carbonic anhydrases (CA), especially isoforms IX and XII that are involved in aqueous humor production and are highly overexpressed in some types of cancers. Inhibition of CA IX and XII results in interference with ion exchange and pH in hypoxic tumor tissue and preventing chemoresistance to weakly basic antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E7070","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"E7070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INDISULAM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Indisulam","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indisulam","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-Chloro-7-indoyl)-1,4-Benzenedisulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1099211"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"165668-41-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WJ98J3NM90"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43559"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43559"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H12ClN3O4S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"E7070"}]}}{"C158750":{"preferredName":"Indocyanine Green-labeled Polymeric Micelles ONM-100","code":"C158750","definitions":[{"description":"A micellar polymer tracer labeled with the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging dye indocyanine green (ICG), with potential fluorescent imaging activity. Upon administration, the ICG-labeled polymeric micelles ONM-100 accumulate in tumor tissue. The micelles dissociate and subsequently fluoresce upon exposure to the acidic conditions of the tumor microenvironment (TME), allowing the visualization of tumors using infrared-based cameras.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Indocyanine Green-labeled Polymeric Micelles ONM-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indocyanine Green-labeled Polymeric Micelles ONM-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONM 100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONM-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONM100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797414"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797414"}]}}{"C1135":{"preferredName":"Indole-3-Carbinol","code":"C1135","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a cancer prevention drug. It is found in cruciferous vegetables.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An indole with a carbinol group (-C2OH) attached at the 3 position of the pyrrole ring. The chemical structure is C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)CO.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A naturally occurring, orally available cleavage product of the glucosinolate glucobrassicanin, a natural compound present in a wide variety of plant food substances including members of the family Cruciferae with antioxidant and potential chemopreventive properties. Indole-3-carbinol scavenges free radicals and induces various hepatic cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Specifically, this agent induces the hepatic monooxygenase cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1), resulting in increased 2-hydroxylation of estrogens and increased production of the chemoprotective estrogen 2-hydroxyestrone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-indole-3-methanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Hydroxymethylindole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"I3C","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indole-3-Carbinol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indole-3-Carbinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indole-3-carbinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Indole-3-carbinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Indole-3-carbinol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indole-3-methanol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"indole-3-carbinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0063491"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"700-06-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38058"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38058"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H9NO"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Indole-3-Carbinol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:24814"}]}}{"C576":{"preferredName":"Indomethacin","code":"C576","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that reduces pain, fever, swelling, and redness. It is also being used to reduce tumor-induced suppression of the immune system and to increase the effectiveness of anticancer drugs. It is a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic nonsteroidal indole derivative with anti-inflammatory activity and chemopreventive properties. As a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), indomethacin inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase, thereby preventing cyclooxygenase-mediated DNA adduct formation by heterocyclic aromatic amines. This agent also may inhibit the expression of multidrug-resistant protein type 1, resulting in increased efficacies of some antineoplastic agents in treating multi-drug resistant tumors. In addition, indomethacin activates phosphatases that inhibit the migration and proliferation of cancer cells and downregulates survivin, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis. 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Giving 1-methyl-d-tryptophan to patients who have received chemotherapy for cancer may help kill more tumor cells. It is a type of enzyme inhibitor and immunosuppressant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A methylated tryptophan with immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Indoximod inhibits the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which degrades the essential amino acid tryptophan, and may increase or maintain tryptophan levels important to T cell function. Tryptophan depletion is associated with immunosuppression involving T cell arrest and anergy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-MT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Methyl-D-tryptophan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-methyl-d-tryptophan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"D-(+)-1-Methyltryptophan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-1MT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"INDOXIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Indoximod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indoximod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4045546"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TX5CYN1KMZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579646"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579646"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_1-Methyl-d-Tryptophan"}]}}{"C150393":{"preferredName":"Indoximod Prodrug NLG802","code":"C150393","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable prodrug of indoximod, a methylated tryptophan, with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, the indoximod prodrug NLG802 is converted to indoximod. Indoximod targets, binds to and inhibits the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO; IDO1), which converts the essential amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. By increasing tryptophan levels and decreasing kynurenine levels, indoximod restores and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymphocytes, and causes a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against IDO1-expressing tumor cells, thereby inhibiting their growth. IDO1, overexpressed by multiple tumor cell types, plays an important role in immunosuppression. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and subsequently suppresses the immune system. NLG802 elicits increased plasma concentrations of indoximod and improves its efficacy, compared to the direct administration of indoximod.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor NLG802","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoximod Prodrug NLG802","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indoximod Prodrug NLG802","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NLG 802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NLG-802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NLG802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552162"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792849"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792849"}]}}{"C83818":{"preferredName":"Inecalcitol","code":"C83818","definitions":[{"description":"An analog of calcitriol and a vitamin D3 receptor (VDR) agonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, inecalcitol targets and binds to VDR. This activates VDR and VDR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This modulates the VDR-mediated expression of certain genes, including the expression of anti-cancer genes, enhances cellular differentiation, induces tumor cell apoptosis and inhibits tumor cell growth. VDR plays a central role in calcium homeostasis and in the growth of certain cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(7E)-19-Nor-9,10-seco-14beta-cholesta-5,7-dien-23-yne-1alpha,3beta,25-triol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INECALCITOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inecalcitol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inecalcitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX 522","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827203"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"163217-09-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"05FZV98342"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782341"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782341"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H40O3"}]}}{"C88302":{"preferredName":"Infigratinib","code":"C88302","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pan inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Infigratinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of FGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. FGFRs are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which may be upregulated in various tumor cell types and may be involved in tumor cell differentiation and proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(2,6-Dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(6-((4-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)-1-methylurea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGJ-398","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGJ398","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INFIGRATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Infigratinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Infigratinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981819"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"872511-34-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A4055ME1VK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659161"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659161"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63451"}]}}{"C162568":{"preferredName":"Infigratinib Mesylate","code":"C162568","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt of infigratinib, an orally bioavailable pan-inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, infigratinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of FGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. FGFRs are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which may be upregulated in various tumor cell types and may be involved in tumor cell differentiation and proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BGJ 398 Mesylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGJ-398 Mesylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INFIGRATINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Infigratinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1310746-12-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E223Z0KWCC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1789":{"preferredName":"Infliximab","code":"C1789","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that blocks the action of a cytokine called tumor necrosis factor alfa. It is being studied in the treatment and prevention of weight loss and loss of appetite in patients with advanced cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called monoclonal antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant chimeric, mouse-human monoclonal antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), a protein involved in inflammation, cell survival, and apoptosis. Infliximab may be pro- apoptotic or anti-apoptotic, depending on cell type. 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Ingenol mebutate activates various protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, thereby inducing apoptosis in some tumor cells, including myeloid leukemia cells, melanoma cells, and basal cell carcinoma cells. The PKC family consists of signaling isoenzymes that regulate many cell processes including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, (1aR,2S,5R,5aS,6S,8aS,9R,10aR)-1a,2,5,5a,6,9,10,10a- octahydro-5,5a-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,7,9-tetramethyl-11-oxo-1H-2,8a- methanocyclopenta[a]cyclopropa[e]cyclodecen-6-yl ester, (2Z)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I3A","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INGENOL MEBUTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ingenol Mebutate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ingenol-3-angelate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP-005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"19178487"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1452152"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"75567-37-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7686S50JAH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H34O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ingenol_3-Angelate"}]}}{"C118776":{"preferredName":"Ingenol Mebutate Gel","code":"C118776","definitions":[{"description":"A topical, aqueous gel formulation containing the mebutate salt form of ingenol, a selective small-molecule activator of protein kinase C (PKC) that is isolated from the sap of Euphorbia species, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical application of the ingenol mebutate gel, ingenol activates various PKC isoforms, which induces apoptosis in certain tumor cells, including myeloid leukemia cells, melanoma cells, and basal cell carcinoma cells. The PKC family consists of signaling isoenzymes that regulate many cell processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ingenol Mebutate Gel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ingenol-3-angelate Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP-005 Topical Gel","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP005 Gel","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picato","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3257744"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766480"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766480"}]}}{"C62526":{"preferredName":"Iniparib","code":"C62526","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of breast cancers caused by mutations (changes) in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks an enzyme involved in many functions of the cell, including the repair of DNA damage. DNA damage may be caused by normal cell actions, UV light, some anticancer drugs, and radiation used to treat cancer. BSI-201 may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small molecule iodobenzamide with potential cytotoxic and antineoplastic activities. Although the mechanism of action is unknown, iniparib appears to be cytotoxic in cells with DNA alterations or DNA damage, like that found in tumor cells with mutations in the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene. ATM encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase and mutations of the gene are associated with ataxia telangiectasia and contribute to certain cancers such as T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Iodo-3-Nitrobenzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSI-201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BSI-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INIPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iniparib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iniparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP-1 Inhibitor BSI-201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP-1 inhibitor BSI-201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SAR240550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iniparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0291482"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"937799-96-7"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"160003-66-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2ZWI7KHK8F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488465"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488465"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H5IN2O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BSI-201"}]}}{"C82362":{"preferredName":"Innate Immunostimulator rBBX-01","code":"C82362","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant 19 kDa protein derived from the Apicomplexa protozoan Eimeria with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, innate immunostimulator rBBX-01 activates dendritic cells (DCs), stimulates the Toll-like receptor 11 (TLR-11)-mediated release of interleukin-12 (Il-12) from DCs, and induces a T-helper 1 (Th1) type immune response, which may induce an immune response against tumor cells. Infection with Eimeria, a coccidian commonly infecting the intestine, may be negatively correlated with tumorigenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Innate Immunostimulator rBBX-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Innate Immunostimulator rBBX-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rBBX-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408641"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640624"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640624"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Innate_Immunostimulator_rBBX-01"}]}}{"C157333":{"preferredName":"Inodiftagene Vixteplasmid","code":"C157333","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant DNA plasmid carrying the gene for diphtheria toxin-A (dT-A) chain under the regulation of the H19 promoter, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical administration, dT-A chain expression is triggered by the presence of H19 transcription factors that are upregulated in tumor cells. The dT-A chain binds to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and inactivates the ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor 2 (EF2), resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death leading to tumor cell destruction. Inodiftagene Vixteplasmid does not carry the gene for the diphtheria toxin-B (dT-B) chain, thereby preventing the transfer of the toxic dT-A chain between cells. H19, a paternally imprinted, oncofetal gene, is highly expressed in embryonic and certain malignant tissues, but minimally expressed in normal, adult tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BC 819","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BC-819","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BC819","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diphtheria-toxin-A-H19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inodiftagene Vixteplasmid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inodiftagene Vixteplasmid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dT-A-H19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937035"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796809"}]}}{"C122835":{"preferredName":"Inosine 5'-monophosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor FF-10501-01","code":"C122835","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of inosine 5'- monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, IMPDH inhibitor FF-10501-01 competitively inhibits the enzyme IMPDH, thereby preventing the conversion of inosine monophosphate to xanthosine monophosphate. This inhibits the synthesis of guanine nucleotides, deprives cancer cells of guanosine triphosphate (GTP), disrupts DNA and RNA synthesis, and decreases tumor cell proliferation. Tumor cells are highly susceptible to IMPDH inhibition because they are rapidly dividing cells that are dependent on rapid DNA synthesis, which requires a high concentration of nucleotides. IMPDH, an enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of guanosine triphosphate (GTP), is overexpressed in numerous tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FF-10501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF-10501-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMPDH Inhibitor FF-10501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inosine 5'-monophosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor FF-10501-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474107"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763219"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763219"}]}}{"C49181":{"preferredName":"Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor AVN944","code":"C49181","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks cells from making DNA and RNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally available, synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. AVN944 inhibits inosine monosphosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), an enzyme involved in the de novo synthesis of guanosine triphosphate (GTP), a purine molecule required for DNA and RNA synthesis. Inhibition of IMPDH deprives cancer cells of GTP, resulting in disruption of DNA and RNA synthesis, inhibition of cell proliferation, and the induction of apoptosis. AVN944 appears to have a selective effect on cancer cells in that deprivation of GTP in normal cells results in a temporary slowing of cell growth only. IMPDH is overexpressed in some cancer cells, particularly in hematological malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVN-944","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AVN944","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AVN944","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor AVN944","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706677"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"297730-17-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I3NPL1V48Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486333"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486333"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H27N5O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AVN944"}]}}{"C28163":{"preferredName":"Inositol","code":"C28163","definitions":[{"description":"A nutrient in the vitamin B complex that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Myoinositol helps cells make membranes and respond to messages from their environment. It has the same chemical formula as glucose (the chief source of energy for living organisms) but has a different arrangement of atoms. It is found in beans, peas, brown rice, wheat bran and nuts. It is water-soluble (can dissolve in water) and must be taken in every day. Myoinositol is being studied in the prevention of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural sugar found in cell membrane phospholipids, plasma lipoproteins, and (as the phosphate form) in the nucleus with potential chemopreventive properties. As one of a number of intracellular phosphate compounds, inositol is involved in cell signaling and may stimulate tumor cell differentiation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cyclohexanehexol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INOSITOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inositol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inositol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-1,2,3,5-trans-4,6-Cyclohexanehexol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"inositol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"myo-Inositol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"myo-Inositol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"myoinositol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"8101"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"55552"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021547"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"87-89-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4L6452S749"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"305828"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"305828"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H12O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Inositol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17268"}]}}{"C71542":{"preferredName":"Inotuzumab Ozogamicin","code":"C71542","definitions":[{"description":"A CD22-targeted cytotoxic immunoconjugate composed of a humanized IgG4 anti-CD22 antibody covalently linked to N-acetyl-gamma-calicheamicin dimethyl hydrazide (CalichDMH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Inotuzumab ozogamicin is rapidly internalized upon binding of the antibody moiety to B cell-specific CD22 receptors, delivering the conjugated CalichDMH intracellularly; the CalichDMH moiety binds to the minor groove of DNA in a sequence-specific manner, resulting in double-strand DNA breaks and apoptosis. CalichDMH is a derivative of gamma calicheamicin, a cytotoxic antibiotic produced by the bacterium Micromonospora echinospora.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Besponsa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMC-544","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INOTUZUMAB OZOGAMICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inotuzumab Ozogamicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inotuzumab Ozogamicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WAY-207294","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Way 207294","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1567130"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"635715-01-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P93RUU11P7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352004"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352004"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C73H96IN6O25S3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD22-CalichDMH_Conjugate"}]}}{"C65919":{"preferredName":"Inproquone","code":"C65919","definitions":[{"description":"A benzoquinone-based antineoplastic agent. Inproquone was never marketed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INPROQUONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inproquone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"17261"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0063600"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"436-40-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C6Y700V0M4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H22N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Inproquone"}]}}{"C96223":{"preferredName":"Integrin Receptor Antagonist GLPG0187","code":"C96223","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule integrin receptor antagonist (IRA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GLPG0187 binds to and blocks the activity of 5 RGD-integrin receptor subtypes, including alphavbeta1, alphavbeta3, alphavbeta5, alphavbeta6 and alpha5beta1. This may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions and endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and the prevention of angiogenesis and metastasis in tumor cells expressing these integrin receptors. Integrin receptors are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed on the surface of tumor vessel endothelial cells and some types of cancer cells, and play a crucial role in endothelial cell adhesion and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLPG0187","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Integrin Receptor Antagonist GLPG0187","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429007"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697397"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697397"}]}}{"C61501":{"preferredName":"Integrin alpha-2 Inhibitor E7820","code":"C61501","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and aromatic sulfonamide derivative with potential antiangiogenic and antitumor activities. E7820 inhibits angiogenesis by suppressing integrin alpha 2, a cell adhesion molecule expressed on endothelial cells. Inhibition of integrin alpha 2 leads to an inhibition of cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, vascular endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Integrin alpha-2 Inhibitor E7820","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Integrin alpha-2 Inhibitor E7820","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1172515"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"363619"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"363619"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"E7820"}]}}{"C2220":{"preferredName":"Interferon Alfa-N1","code":"C2220","definitions":[{"description":"A highly purified alpha interferon produced by a human lymphoid cell line. Interferon alpha-n1 consists of multiple alpha interferon subtypes, at least two of which are glycosylated. In contrast, recombinant alpha interferons are individual non-glycosylated proteins produced from individual alpha interferon genes. Alpha interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose proteins have antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Humoferon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON ALFA-N1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa-N1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wellferon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"339140"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699817"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"308067-63-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic Hepatitis C"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"41697D4Z5C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Interferon_Alfa-N1"}]}}{"C30136":{"preferredName":"Interferon Alfa-N3","code":"C30136","definitions":[{"description":"A formulated therapeutic analog of the endogenous alpha interferon containing multiple interferon species with antiviral and antitumor properties. Interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes with an interferon-specific response element, thereby inducing: antiviral effects (the most important being inhibition of viral protein synthesis); antiproliferative effects (including inhibition of cellular growth and alteration of cellular differentiation); anticancer effects (including interference with oncogene expression); and immune-modulating effects (including activation of natural killer cells, alteration of cell surface antigen expression, and augmentation of lymphocyte and macrophage cytotoxicity). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alfa-N3 Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alferon N","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Altemol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON ALFA-N3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa-N3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1621234"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9008-11-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"47BPR3V3MP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Interferon_Alfa-N3"}]}}{"C1766":{"preferredName":"Interferon Alfacon-1","code":"C1766","definitions":[{"description":"An analogue of consensus interferon which contains an additional methionyl amino acid residue. Consensus interferon (also known as interferon alfacon-1, rCon-IFN, and CIFN) is a genetically engineered synthetic interferon created from the most common amino acid sequences from the naturally occurring alpha interferons. Alpha interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products have antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Advaferon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CIFN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Consensus Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN Alfacon-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON ALFACON-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Infergen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfacon-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon Consensus, Methionyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methionyl Interferon Consensus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methionyl-Interferon-Consensus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Consensus Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant methionyl human consensus interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"r-metHuIFN-Con1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0164613"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"118390-30-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"56588OP40D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42870"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42870"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Interferon_Alfacon-1"}]}}{"C1823":{"preferredName":"Interferon Beta-1A","code":"C1823","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic version of naturally occurring interferons that have immunomodulatory, antiviral and antiproliferative activities. It may exert antitumor activity by anti-angiogenic and cell differentiation activities. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Avonex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BG9418","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON BETA-1A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon Beta-1A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rebif","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant interferon beta-1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0982234"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"145258-61-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Multiple sclerosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XRO4566Q4R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Interferon_Beta-1A"}]}}{"C100089":{"preferredName":"Interferon Gamma-1b","code":"C100089","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Actimmune","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN-g-1b","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN-gamma 1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFNg-1b","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON GAMMA-1B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon Gamma-1b","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Interferon Gamma-1b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon gamma-1b, Recombinant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N(Sup 2)-L-Methionyl-1-139-Interferon G","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N(sup 2)-L-Methionyl-1-139-interferon gamma (Human Lymphocyte Protein Moiety Reduced)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Gamma-1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gamma Interferon 1B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1579322"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"98059-61-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"21K6M2I7AG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C66972":{"preferredName":"Interferon-gamma-expressing Adenovirus Vaccine ASN-002","code":"C66972","definitions":[{"description":"A replication-defective adenoviral serotype 5 vector encoding a recombinant form of the human cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), with potential antineoplastic and immunoregulatory activities. Upon intratumoral administration, the sustained expression of IFN-g by IFN-g-expressing adenovirus vaccine ASN-002 promotes a T-helper type 1 (Th1) immune response and inhibits the Th2-mediated cytokine production observed in many cutaneous lymphomas. IFN-g also mediates interleukin-12 (IL-12) production by antigen-presenting cells (APCs); activates macrophages, cytotoxic T-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells; upregulates major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules; and stimulates antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Altogether, these IFN-g-mediated effects may result in both an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. Compared to IFN-g injections, the prolonged local production of IFN-g at the tumor site allows for higher efficacy and a reduction of systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASN-002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ad-IFNg","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INFg-expressing Ad Vaccine ASN-002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon-gamma-expressing Adenovirus Vaccine ASN-002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG1042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832028"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530060"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530060"}]}}{"C15543":{"preferredName":"Interleukin Therapy","code":"C15543","definitions":[{"description":"The use of interleukin in the treatment of any disease or disorder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Interleukin Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281177"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Interleukin_Therapy"}]}}{"C2373":{"preferredName":"Interleukin-2 Liposome","code":"C2373","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation in which liposomes are loaded with the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2). By activating cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, such as lymphokine-activated killer cells, and increasing levels of the cytotoxic cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), IL-2 may exhibit antitumoral activity. Liposomal formulations of IL-2 may promote entry of the cytokine into target tumor cells and may be used as an immunoadjuvant in cancer vaccine therapy. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Interleukin-2 Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome encapsulated interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281031"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41486"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41486"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Interleukin-2_Liposome"}]}}{"C128107":{"preferredName":"Intermediate-affinity Interleukin-2 Receptor Agonist ALKS 4230","code":"C128107","definitions":[{"description":"A selective effector cell activator protein and agonist of the intermediate-affinity interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, intermediate-affinity interleukin-2 receptor agonist ALKS 4230 binds to and signals through the intermediate-affinity IL-2 receptor complex; this may selectively stimulate and activate natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8 T-cells, leading to tumor cell elimination, while circumventing the activation of immunosuppressive cells that may prevent the anti-tumor response. IL-2 is a cytokine signaling molecule that plays a critical role in the immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALKS 4230","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intermediate-affinity IL-2R Agonist ALKS 4230","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intermediate-affinity Interleukin-2 Receptor Agonist ALKS 4230","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Intermediate-affinity Interleukin-2 Receptor Agonist ALKS 4230","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RDB 1450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507938"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782089"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782089"}]}}{"C61070":{"preferredName":"Intetumumab","code":"C61070","definitions":[{"description":"A pan alpha-v human monoclonal antibody that recognizes alpha-v beta-1, alpha-v beta-3, alpha-v beta-5, and alpha-v beta-6 integrins with antiangiogenic and antitumor activities. Intetumumab competitively binds to and blocks both alpha-v beta-3 and alpha-v beta-5 integrins, resulting in inhibition of integrin-mediated tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth. Integrins facilitate the adhesion of stimulated endothelial cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM); trigger the secretion of ECM-rearranging proteases; and propagate signaling events that promote the survival and differentiation of cells in newly formed vasculature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNTO 095","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNTO-95","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Anti-Alpha-5 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Monoclonal CNTO 95 gamma1 heavy chain (222-215')-disulfide with Human Monoclonal CNTO 95 kappa light chain dimer (228-228'':231-231'')-bisdisulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTETUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, anti-(human integrin alpha-V (vitronectin receptor subunit alpha or CD51))","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intetumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Intetumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881068"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"725735-28-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GQE1BJE2NI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473196"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473196"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Human_Anti-Alpha-5_Integrin_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C83820":{"preferredName":"Intiquinatine","code":"C83820","definitions":[{"description":"An antineoplastic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2R)-2-(4-((7-Bromoquinolin-2-yl)Oxy)Phenoxy)Propanoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTIQUINATINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Intiquinatine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tiliquinatine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827205"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"445041-75-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G5067X5156"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H14BrNO4"}]}}{"C1495":{"preferredName":"Intoplicine","code":"C1495","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that has been studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Intoplicine blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benzopyridoindole derivative with antineoplastic property. Intoplicine inhibits activities of both topoisomerase I and II via intercalating DNA helix, thereby hindering the movements of enzymes along DNA molecules during DNA transcription and replication, respectively. Furthermore, this agent stabilizes DNA-enzyme complexes during unwinding processes by both topoisomerases, leading to double- and single-stranded DNA breaks. Consequently, these effects bring about cell growth inhibition and apoptosis of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7H-benzo(e)pyrido(4,3-b)indol-3-ol, 11-((3-(dimethylamino)propyl)amino)-8-methyl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTOPLICINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Intoplicine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Intoplicine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"intoplicine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"12570767"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"645008"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0217476"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"125974-72-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FB2CIN6HMI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43318"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43318"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H24N4O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Intoplicine"}]}}{"C61506":{"preferredName":"Inulin","code":"C61506","definitions":[{"description":"Class of oligosaccharides produced by plants that are polymers mainly comprised of fructose (generally 2 to 140) units usually with a glucose end. These units are joined by beta-(2-1) glycosidic links.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A naturally occurring, indigestible and non-absorbable oligosaccharide produced by certain plants with prebiotic and potential anticancer activity. Inulin stimulates the growth of beneficial bacteria in the colon, including Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, thereby modulating the composition of microflora. This creates an environment that protects against pathogens, toxins and carcinogens, which can cause inflammation and cancer. In addition, fermentation of inulin leads to an increase in short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid production, thereby reducing colonic pH, which may further control pathogenic bacteria growth and may contribute to inulin's cancer protective properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Inulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Inulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021936"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9005-80-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JOS53KRJ01"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486745"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486745"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H32O16(C6H10O5)n"},{"name":"INFOODS","value":"INULN"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Inulin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15443"}]}}{"C970":{"preferredName":"Iobenguane I-131","code":"C970","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive substance that is used in imaging tests, and is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of radiopharmaceutical.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An I 131 radioiodinated synthetic analogue of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. Iobenguane localizes to adrenergic tissue and, in radioiodinated forms, may be used to image or eradicate tumor cells that take up and metabolize norepinephrine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(131)I-MIBG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"131I-MIBG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"I 131 Meta-iodobenzylguanidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I-131 Metaiodobenzylguanidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IOBENGUANE I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iobenguane (131I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iobenguane I 131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iobenguane I-131","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iobenguane I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iobenguane I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Metaiodobenzylguanidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIBG I-131","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 metaiodobenzylguanidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879568"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"77679-27-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Diagnostic imaging; Neuroendocrine tumors."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q461L7AK4R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38020"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38020"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H10IN3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Meta-Iodobenzylguanidine"}]}}{"C2440":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 124 Monoclonal Antibody A33","code":"C2440","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) A33 labelled with Iodine 124 (I-124). MoAb A33 recognizes A33 antigen, a 43 KDa transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, highly and homogenously expressed in 95% of colorectal cancer metastases, with only restricted expression in normal colonic mucosa. I-124 MoAb A33 delivers beta particle emitting I-124 nuclide directly to metastatic colorectal tissues, thereby this agent could be used in kinetics studies or radioimmunotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 124 Monoclonal Antibody A33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 124 Monoclonal Antibody A33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 124 MOAB A33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677678"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42707"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42707"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"I_124_Monoclonal_Antibody_A33"}]}}{"C158629":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 124 Monoclonal Antibody M5A","code":"C158629","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of M5A, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEA or CEACAM5), labeled with iodine I 124 (I-124) with potential radiolocalization applications. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of iodine I 124 monoclonal antibody M5A specifically binds to cells expressing CEA. Upon binding, the radioisotope moiety can be detected using positron-emission tomography (PET), thereby allowing the imaging and quantification of CEA-expressing tumor cells. CEA, a tumor associated antigen and a member of the CEA family of proteins, plays a key role in cell migration, cell invasion, and cell adhesion and is overexpressed by a variety of cancer types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"124I-M5A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 124 Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody M5A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 124 Monoclonal Antibody M5A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 124 Monoclonal Antibody M5A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797482"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797482"}]}}{"C74051":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 125-Anti-EGFR-425 Monoclonal Antibody","code":"C74051","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) labeled with iodine I 125 with potential antineoplastic activity. Iodine I 125 anti-EGFR-425 monoclonal antibody binds specifically to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Upon binding to EGFR-expressing tumor cells, this agent is internalized, selectively delivering a potentially cytotoxic dose of gamma radiation. EGFR is a receptor tyrosine kinase that may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Iodine I 125-Anti-EGFR-425 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383810"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586304"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586304"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Iodine_I_125-Anti-EGFR-425_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C91389":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Anti-Fibronectin Antibody Fragment L19-SIP","code":"C91389","definitions":[{"description":"An iodine 131 radioimmunoconjugate of a small immunoprotein (SIP), derived from the variable region fragment of human monoclonal antibody L19, that is directed against the extra-domain B (ED-B) of fibronectin, with potential radioimmunotherapeutic activity. The SIP moiety of iodine I 131 anti-fibronectin antibody fragment L19-SIP binds to the ED-B domain of fibronectin on tumor cells in the tumor neovasculature. Upon internalization, the I 131 radionuclide may selectively detect or deliver cytotoxic radiation to fibronectin-expressing tumor cells. ED-B of fibronectin, a naturally occurring marker of tissue remodeling and angiogenesis, is expressed in the majority of aggressive solid human tumors, whereas it is not detectable in normal vessels and tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Anti-Fibronectin Antibody Fragment L19-SIP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L19-SIP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421588"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674133"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674133"}]}}{"C2223":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Derlotuximab Biotin","code":"C2223","definitions":[{"description":"An iodine 131 labeled radioimmunoconjugate of monoclonal antibody (MOAB) TNT-1/B with radioimaging and antineoplastic properties. MOAB TNT-1/B was developed for radioimmunotherapy of solid tumors, designated as Tumor Necrosis Treatment (TNT). TNT exploits the presence of degenerating and necrotic cells within tumors by utilizing MOAbs directed against universal, intracellular nucleosomal determinants consisting of histone H1 and DNA. This MOAB was conjugated with biotin (B) molecules, which increase pharmacokinetic performance of the monoclonal antibody. Upon administration, iodine I 131 derlotuximab biotin delivers I 131 to tumor cells and results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells with exposed necrotic antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cotara","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 MOAB TNT-1/B","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody TNT-1/B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IODINE I-131 DERLOTUXIMAB BIOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Derlotuximab Biotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Derlotuximab Biotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 MOAB TNT-1/B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879273"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"340013-96-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1724UJB90B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43561"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43561"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_TNT-1_B"}]}}{"C2696":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Ethiodized Oil","code":"C2696","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive substance being studied in the treatment of liver cancer. It is a form of poppy seed oil that contains iodine, some of which is the radioactive substance iodine I 131. It builds up in the blood and lymph vessels in the liver and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of radiopharmaceutical.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cytotoxic radioconjugate consisting of lipiodol, an iodinated ethyl ester derived from poppy seed oil, labeled with iodine 131 (I-131). I-131 Lipiodol accumulates in hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma tumor cells, resulting in targeted cytotoxicity to tumor cells while sparing surrounding normal cells and tissues. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131 I-Ethiodized Oil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Lipiodol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Ethiodized Oil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Lipiodol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipiocis","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 Lipiodol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 ethiodized oil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527224"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38497"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38497"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"I_131_Lipiodol"}]}}{"C131821":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 MIP-1095","code":"C131821","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate composed of MIP-1095, a urea-based ligand for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radiolabeled with iodine I 131 (I131), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of iodine I 131 MIP-1095, the MIP-1095 moiety selectively targets and binds to the extracellular domain of PSMA, thereby delivering cytotoxic iodine I 131 specifically to PSMA-expressing cancer cells. PSMA is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is highly expressed by malignant prostate epithelial cells and certain other tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"((S)-2-(3-((S)-1-carboxy-5-(3-(4-[(131)I]iodophenyl)ureido)pentyl)ureido)pentanedioic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(131) I-MIP-1095","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"131I-MIP-1095","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I-131 MIP-1095","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 MIP-1095","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 MIP-1095","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIP-1095 I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MIP-1095 I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514422"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7DM27RQ9V0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786538"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786538"}]}}{"C2488":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","code":"C2488","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of 81C6, a murine IgG2 anti-tenascin monoclonal antibody labeled with iodine 131 (I-131), with radioimaging and radioimmunotherapeutic activities. Using monoclonal antibody 81C6 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells expressing tenascin. Tenascin is an extracellular matrix protein which is overexpressed in gliomas and other cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"81C6-I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuradiab","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 MOAB 81C6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796329"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1000874-23-6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43146"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43146"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_81C6"}]}}{"C2527":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Apamistamab","code":"C2527","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that contains the radioactive substance iodine I131. It is being studied in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to cancer cells. Iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody BC8 binds to the protein CD45, which is found on most white blood cells and myeloid and lymphoid leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of BC8, a murine IgG1 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody labeled with iodine 131 (I-131), with radioimmunotherapeutic properties. Using monoclonal antibody BC8 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted destruction of cells expressing CD45. CD45 is tyrosine phosphatase expressed on virtually all leukocytes, including myeloid and lymphoid precursors in bone marrow and mature lymphocytes in lymph nodes; it is also expressed on most myeloid and lymphoid leukemic cells, but not on mature erythrocytes or platelets. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 131 MOAB BC8","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody BC8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IODINE (131I) APAMISTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iodine (131I) Apamistamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine (131I) Apamistamab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Apamistamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iomab-B","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOAB BC8, iodine I 131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 MOAB BC8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody BC8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody BC8, iodine I 131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796627"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2097132-02-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"71RR81V666"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43463"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43463"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_BC8"}]}}{"C2697":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49-deltaCH2","code":"C2697","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the humanized CH2 domain-deleted monoclonal antibody CC49 and iodine I 131 with antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody CC49-deltaCH2 targets the tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG-72) that is expressed by a wide range of human neoplasms including colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, ovarian, endometrial, breast, non-small cell lung, and prostate cancers. Iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody CC49-deltaCH2 binds to tumor cells expressing TAG-72, selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta and gamma radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131I-HuCC49-deltaCH2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"131I-MOAB CC49-deltaCH2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I131 MOAB CC49-deltaCH2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49-deltaCH2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49-deltaCH2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134477"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453590"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453590"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Iodine_I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_CC49-deltaCH2"}]}}{"C95025":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody F16SIP","code":"C95025","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human A1 domain of tenascin-C, in small immunoprotein (SIP) format conjugated with iodine 131 with potential antineoplastic activity. Iodine I 131 MoAb F16SIP binds to tenascin-C on the vascular tissues and delivers cytotoxic radiation to the tumors, thereby minimizing systemic radiotoxicity. Tenascin-C is a glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix, and the large isoform of this matrix protein is expressed and restricted around vascular structures in the tumor stroma of a variety of different tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(131I) Monoclonal Antibody F16SIP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"131I-F16SIP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F16-131I","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody F16SIP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tenarad","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986856"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689747"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689747"}]}}{"C2449":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody G-250","code":"C2449","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of the chimeric monoclonal antibody G-250 conjugated with iodine I 131 with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of iodine I 131 chimeric monoclonal antibody G-250 binds to G-250, a renal-cell carcinoma-associated antigen, delivering cytotoxic iodine I 131 specifically to renal carcinoma cells that express G-250.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody G-250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody G-250","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 MOAB G 250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 MOAB G-250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 MOAB G250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody G250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677789"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42854"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42854"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_G-250"}]}}{"C2604":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody muJ591","code":"C2604","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a mouse monoclonal antibody (MoAb) J591 labeled with Iodine 131 (I-131). MoAb muJ591 recognizes the extracellular domain of the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and reacts with tumor vascular endothelium. Using MoAb muJ591 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells overexpressed PSM.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody muJ591","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935700"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38113"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38113"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Iodine_I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_muJ591"}]}}{"C48400":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Omburtamab","code":"C48400","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the iodine 131-radiolabeled murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody 8H9 directed against the surface immunomodulatory glycoprotein 4Ig-B7-H3 with potential radioimaging and radioimmunotherapeutic uses. Iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody 8H9 binds to 4Ig-B7-H3 (human B7-H3 with 4 Ig-like domains) and may be used to radioimage and/or destroy tumor cells that express tenascin. 4Ig-B7-H3 inhibits T-cell activation and the production of effector cytokines such as interferon-gamma and interleukin-4; it is expressed on the cell membranes of a wide variety of tumors of neuroectodermal, mesenchymal and epithelial origin and is highly expressed on monocyte-derived dendritic cells (mdDCs). In vitro, it has been shown that monoclonal antibody-mediated masking of 4Ig-B7-H3 on neuroblastoma cells resulted in the enhancement of natural killer (NK)-mediated lysis of target cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Iodine I 131 MOAB 8H9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Omburtamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Omburtamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMBURTAMAB I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541591"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B6PMV8U3C4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"380753"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"380753"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Iodine_I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_8H9"}]}}{"C102981":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Rituximab","code":"C102981","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of rituximab, a recombinant chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, and labeled with iodine I 131 with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of iodine I 131 rituximab binds to the CD20 antigen thereby delivering cytotoxic iodine I 131 specifically to cancer cells expressing CD20. The CD20 antigen, a hydrophobic transmembrane protein, is expressed on normal pre-B and mature B lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(131)I-Rituximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"131I-Rituxan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Rituximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RITUXIMAB I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1676077"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K2I4B6I9L1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739942"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739942"}]}}{"C48263":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 TM-601","code":"C48263","definitions":[{"description":"An iodine 131 (I 131) radioconjugate of the synthetic chlorotoxin (CTX) TM-601 with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. CTX is a 36 amino acid neurotoxin found in the venom of the giant yellow scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus that preferentially binds malignant cells of neuroectodermal origin. The recombinant version of this peptide, TM-601, is expressed in and purified from E. coli and then covalently linked to I 131 to produce 131I-TM-601. 131I-TM-601 binds to tumor cells of neuroectodermal origin and is internalized; administered once, it may be used as a radioimaging agent; repeated administration may result in a tumor-specific, cumulative radiocytotoxic dose of I 131. In addition, TM-601 alone, similar to native CTX, may inhibit angiogenesis due to its ability to bind to and inhibit matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), an endopeptidase involved in tissue remodeling processes such as angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131I-Chlorotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"131I-TM-601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"131I-TM601","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 TM-601","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 TM-601","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 TM-601","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2316450"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"440314"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"440314"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"I_131_TM-601"}]}}{"C124996":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Tenatumomab","code":"C124996","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of tenatumomab, a murine monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) tenascin-C (TNC), labeled with iodine I 131, with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of iodine I 131 tenatumomab binds to TNC, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of iodine I 131 specifically to tumors expressing TNC. TNC, an extracellular matrix protein, is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types; it plays a key role in invasion, tumor cell proliferation and immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131I-Tenatumomab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Tenatumomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503842"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777273"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777273"}]}}{"C2444":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Tositumomab","code":"C2444","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody (tositumomab) that has been chemically changed by adding radioactive iodine, and that is used in the treatment of certain types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It belongs to the family of drugs called radioconjugated monoclonal antibodies. When iodine I 131 tositumomab and tositumomab are given together, the combination is called the Bexxar regimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 protein expressed on the surface of B-lymphocytes and radiolabeled with the radioisotope iodine I 131 with potential antineoplastic activity. Iodine I 131 tositumomab binds to and selectively delivers cyctotoxic radiation to CD20-expressing B-lymphocytes, thereby minimizing systemic radiotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131-I-Anti-B1 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bexxar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody Anti-B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Tositumomab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I131-MOAB-B1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 MOAB Anti-B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody Anti-B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Tositumomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Tositumomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine-131 Anti-B1 Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine-131 Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine-131 Tositumomab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOSITUMOMAB I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 tositumomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"715813"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0768182"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"192391-48-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"CD-20-antigen-expressing, relapsed or refractory, low-grade, follicular, or transformed Non-Hodgkins lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K1KT5M40JC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42806"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42806"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_Anti-B1"}]}}{"C1639":{"preferredName":"Iodine I-131","code":"C1639","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive isotope of iodine with an atomic mass of 131, a half life of eight days, and potential antineoplastic activity. Selectively accumulating in the thyroid gland, iodine I 131 emits beta and gamma particles, thereby killing thyroid cells and decreasing thyroid hormone production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131-Iodine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bound Iodide I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I-131","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IODINE I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iodide I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodide, I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine 131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I-131","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodotope","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodotrope","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0303029"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10043-66-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hyperthyroidism"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I5X6L61HUT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43630"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43630"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"I"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Iodine_131"}]}}{"C80056":{"preferredName":"Ioflubenzamide I-131","code":"C80056","definitions":[{"description":"An iodine 131-radiolabeled small-molecule benzamide compound with potential antineoplastic activity. The benzamide moiety of 131-I-MIP-1145 binds to melanin, selectively delivering a cyotoxic dose of gamma and beta radiation to melanin-expressing tumor cells. Melanin pigments, polymer derivatives of the amino acid tyrosine, are over-expressed in approximately 40% of melanomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IOFLUBENZAMIDE I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ioflubenzamide (131I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ioflubenzamide I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIP-1145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-4-((4-fluorobenzoyl)amino)-5-((sup 131)I)iodo-2-methoxybenzamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2934646"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1214283-52-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"65O1D58Z6V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615097"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615097"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H25FIN3O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Iodine_I_131_MIP-1145"}]}}{"C596":{"preferredName":"Ionomycin","code":"C596","definitions":[{"description":"A polyether antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces conglobatus sp. nov. Trejo with antineoplastic activity. Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that increases intracellular Ca++ levels, possibly relating to endonuclease activation of lymphocytes and decreased ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax and ultimately apoptosis. In addition, this agent is used to investigate the role of intracellular calcium in cellular processes. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ionomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ionomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022020"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"56092-81-0"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43046"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43046"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ionomycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63954"}]}}{"C102565":{"preferredName":"Ipafricept","code":"C102565","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary fusion protein comprised of the cysteine-rich domain of frizzled family receptor 8 (Fzd8) fused to the human immunoglobulin Fc domain with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, ipafricept competes with the membrane-bound Fzd8 receptor for its ligand, Wnt proteins, thereby antagonizing Wnt signaling. This may result in the inhibition of Wnt-driven tumor growth. Fzd8, a member of the Frizzled family of G protein-coupled receptors, is one of the components in the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway that plays key roles in embryogenesis and cancer growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fusion Protein For Immune Applications (fpia) Comprising Homo Sapiens FZD8 (Frizzled Family Receptor 8, Frizzled-8) Extracellular Domain, Fused With Homo Sapiens Immunoglobulin G1 Fc Fragment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fzd8-Fc","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPAFRICEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ipafricept","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ipafricept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP 54F28","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP-54F28","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17545618"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4049114"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1391727-24-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2N71QUE3NL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734935"}]}}{"C91072":{"preferredName":"Ipatasertib","code":"C91072","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ipatasertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt in a non-ATP-competitive manner, which may result in the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-((5r,7r)-7-hydroxy-5-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5h-cyclopenta(d)pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl(-3-((propan-2-yl)amino)propan-1-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0068","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPATASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ipatasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ipatasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7440","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984014"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1001264-89-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"524Y3IB4HQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"669600"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"669600"}]}}{"C2654":{"preferredName":"Ipilimumab","code":"C2654","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of certain types of cancer. Ipilimumab is made in the laboratory and binds to the molecule CTLA-4 on T cells (a type of white blood cell). Ipilimumab may block CTLA-4 and help the immune system kill cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Ipilimumab binds to CTLA4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen-4 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-734016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPILIMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ipilimumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ipilimumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MDX-010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-CTLA4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yervoy","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ipilimumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"732442"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"720801"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1367202"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"477202-00-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6T8C155666"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38447"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38447"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-Cytotoxic_T-Lymphocyte-Associated_Antigen-4_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C976":{"preferredName":"Ipomeanol","code":"C976","definitions":[{"description":"A natural toxic furan isolated from a fungus-infected sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ipomeanol is activated by mixed function oxidases in vivo to its epoxide form, an alkylating agent that covalently binds cell macromolecules. This agent causes cell death by a p53-independent mechanism. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(3-Furanyl)-4-hydroxy-1-pentanone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"1-(3-furanyl)-4-hydroxy-1-pentanone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Pentanone, 1-(3-furanyl)-4-hydroxy-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-Ipomeanol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-ipomeanol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ipomeanol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"349438"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048420"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"32954-58-8"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38852"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38852"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ipomeanol"}]}}{"C1070":{"preferredName":"Iproplatin","code":"C1070","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic second-generation platinum-containing compound related to cisplatin. Iproplatin binds to and forms DNA crosslinks and platinum-DNA adducts, resulting in DNA replication failure and cell death. Although less prone to glutathione inactivation compared to cisplatin, resistance to this agent has been observed in vitro due to repair of platination damage by tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(OC-6-33)-dichlorodihydroxybis(2-propanamine)platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHIP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diisopropylammine-trans-dihydroxymalonatoplatinum(IV)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPROPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iproplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JM-9","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum, dichlorodihydroxybis(2-propanamine)-, (oc-6-33)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"256927"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0057856"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83291-20-7"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"62928-11-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5R9F9NE9Z2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39183"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39183"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C3H9N.2Cl.Pt.2HO"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Iproplatin"}]}}{"C26441":{"preferredName":"Iratumumab","code":"C26441","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of some lymphomas. Monoclonal antibodies are produced in the laboratory and can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. MDX-060 is a fully humanized antibody that targets CD30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily found on activated lymphocytes. CD30 is over-expressed in various lymphoproliferative disorders, Hodgkin disease and other lymphomas, and other cancers. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IRATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iratumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iratumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-060","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MDX-060","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody MDX-060","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327954"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"640735-09-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AYH22O1B1U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"301900"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"301900"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MDX-060_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C104270":{"preferredName":"Iridium Ir 192","code":"C104270","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive isotope of iridium. Iridium-192 emits gamma rays and has a half-life of 74 days. A high dose rate of this radioisotope can be used in brachytherapy to treat tumors by selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of radiation to the tumor site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IRIDIUM IR-192","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ir-192","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iridium Ir 192","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iridium-192","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0303472"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"064LI0IBFL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744818"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744818"}]}}{"C62040":{"preferredName":"Irinotecan","code":"C62040","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used alone or with other drugs to treat colon cancer or rectal cancer that has spread to other parts of the body or has come back after treatment with fluorouracil. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Irinotecan blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor and a type of camptothecin analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminata. Irinotecan, a prodrug, is converted to a biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) by a carboxylesterase-converting enzyme. One thousand-fold more potent than its parent compound irinotecan, SN-38 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks that inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptotic cell death. Because ongoing DNA synthesis is necessary for irinotecan to exert its cytotoxic effects, it is classified as an S-phase-specific agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-(4S)-4,11-diethyl-4-hydroxy-9-[(4-piperidino-piperidino)carbonyloxy]-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinol-3,14,(4H,12H)-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(+)-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecine 10-[1,4'-bipiperidine]-1'-carboxylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-piperidino]carbonyloxycamptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRINOTECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Irinotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Irinotecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Irinotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[1,4'-bipiperidine]-1'-carboxylic acid (S)-4,11-diethyl-3,4,12,14-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-3,14-dioxo-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinolin-9-yl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"irinotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"728073"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"616348"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0123931"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"97682-44-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7673326042"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H38N4O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Irinotecan_Base"}]}}{"C1381":{"preferredName":"Irinotecan Hydrochloride","code":"C1381","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used alone or with other drugs to treat colon cancer or rectal cancer that has spread to other parts of the body or has come back after treatment with fluorouracil. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Camptosar blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor and a type of camptothecin analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminata. Irinotecan, a prodrug, is converted to a biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) by a carboxylesterase-converting enzyme. One thousand-fold more potent than its parent compound irinotecan, SN-38 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks that inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptotic cell death. Because ongoing DNA synthesis is necessary for irinotecan to exert its cytotoxic effects, it is classified as an S-phase-specific agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPT 11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CPT 11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CPT-11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Campto","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptosar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Camptosar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Camptosar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptothecin 11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Camptothecin-11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRINOTECAN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Irinomedac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irinotecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Irinotecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irinotecan Hydrochloride Trihydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irinotecan Monohydrochloride Trihydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-101440E","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"irinotecan hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0594375"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"136572-09-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"State IVB Cervical cancer; Colorectal cancer; Esophageal cancer; Gastric cancer; Non-small cell lung cancer; Small cell lung cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"042LAQ1IIS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41714"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41714"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H38N4O6.HCl.3H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Irinotecan"}]}}{"C82682":{"preferredName":"Irinotecan-Eluting Beads","code":"C82682","definitions":[{"description":"Microporous hydrospheres of polyvinylalcohol (PVA) impregnated with irinotecan with potential antineoplastic activity. In transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), irinotecan-eluting beads are administered into blood vessels that feed the tumor, occluding tumor blood vessels and inducing ischemic tumor necrosis while simultaneously delivering high-dose chemotherapy locally. Irinotecan, a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks that inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptotic cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CM-BC2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irinotecan Hydrochloride Drug-eluting Beads","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irinotecan-Eluting Beads","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Irinotecan-Eluting Beads","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388467"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632992"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632992"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Irinotecan-Eluting_Beads"}]}}{"C88280":{"preferredName":"Irinotecan/P-glycoprotein Inhibitor HM30181AK Combination Tablet","code":"C88280","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable combination tablet containing the semisynthetic camptothecin derivative irinotecan and the multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor HM30181AK, with potential antineoplastic activity. HM30181A binds to P-gp and prevents the P-gp-mediated efflux of irinotecan from tumor cells, which may result in greater intracellular concentrations of irinotecan and enhanced cytotoxicity. Retained intracellularly, the prodrug irinotecan is converted, by a carboxylesterase-converting enzyme, to the biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38). SN-38 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks that inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptotic cell death. P-gp, encoded by the MDR-1 gene, is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily of transmembrane transporters and is overexpressed by some MDR tumors, preventing the intracellular accumulation of various cytotoxic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Irinotecan/P-glycoprotein Inhibitor HM30181AK Combination Tablet","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oratecan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412470"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656527"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656527"}]}}{"C1717":{"preferredName":"Irofulven","code":"C1717","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Irofulven attaches to the cell's DNA and may block cancer cell growth. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic sesquiterpene derivative of illudin S, a natural toxin isolated from the fungus Omphalotus illudens. Irofulven alkylates DNA and protein macromolecules, forms adducts, and arrests cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle. This agent requires NADPH-dependent metabolism by alkenal/one oxidoreductase for activity. Irofulven is more active in vitro against tumor cells of epithelial origin and is more resistant to deactivation by p53 loss and MDR1 than other alkylating agents. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-6'-Hydroxy-3'-(hydroxymethyl)-2',4',6'-trimethylspiro(cyclopropane-1,5'(5H)-inden)-7'(6'H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Hydroxymethylacylfulvene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Hydroxymethylacylfulvene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-hydroxymethylacylfulvene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HMAF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"HMAF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxymethylacylfulvene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IROFULVEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Irofulven","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Irofulven","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Irofulven","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGI 114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGI-114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"irofulven","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"683863"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0532362"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"158440-71-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6B799IH05A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43097"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43097"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H18O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Irofulven"}]}}{"C79827":{"preferredName":"Irosustat","code":"C79827","definitions":[{"description":"Steroid sulfatase inhibitor BN 83495 selectively binds to and inhibits steroid sulfatase (STS), which may inhibit the production of locally active estrogens and so inhibit estrogen-dependent cell growth in tumor cells, such as those of the breast, ovary, and endometrium. STS is a cytoplasmic enzyme responsible for the conversion of circulating inactive estrone sulfate and estradiol sulfate to biologically active unconjugated estrone and estradiol, respectively.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"667 Coumate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BN83495","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IROSUSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Irosustat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Irosustat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STX 64","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Steroid Sulfatase Inhibitor BN 83495","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3853843"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"288628-05-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"366037O6O7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626715"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626715"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H15NO5S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Steroid_Sulfatase_Inhibitor_BN_83495"}]}}{"C90578":{"preferredName":"Isatuximab","code":"C90578","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. Isatuximab specifically binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. This may trigger antitumoral antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and apoptosis eventually leading to cell lysis in CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies, and its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hu 38SB19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISATUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human CD38 Antigen) (Human-mus musculus Monoclonal HU38SB19 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-mus musculus Monoclonal HU38SB19 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isatuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Isatuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 650984","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR650984","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983777"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1461640-62-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R30772KCU0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"668181"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"668181"}]}}{"C97332":{"preferredName":"Iso-fludelone","code":"C97332","definitions":[{"description":"A third-generation epothilone B analogue with potential anti-mitotic and antineoplastic activites. Iso-fludelone binds to tubulin and induces microtubule polymerization and stabilizes microtubules against depolymerization, which may result in the inhibition of cell division, the induction of G2/M arrest, and apoptosis. Compared to other generations of epothilones, iso-fludelone exhibits increased stability, water solubility, potency, duration of action, tumor penetration as well as reduced toxicity. In addition, this agent is a not a substrate of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a multidrug resistance pump often overexpressed in cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-Iso-oxazole-26-F3-9,10-dehydro-12,13-desoxy-epothilone B","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Iso-oxazole-fludelone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iso-fludelone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iso-fludelone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KOS-1803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429824"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703135"}]}}{"C1774":{"preferredName":"Isobrucein B","code":"C1774","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the tropical plant Cedronia granatensis with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Isobrucein B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"238181"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0653458"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53663-03-9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Isobrucein_B"}]}}{"C1888":{"preferredName":"Isocoumarin NM-3","code":"C1888","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antiangiogenic isocoumarin with potential antineoplastic activity. NM-3 inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic growth factor, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation. This agent also induces apoptosis by a mechanism involving reactive oxygen species. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Isocoumarin NM-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NM-3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1122058"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355804"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355804"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"NM-3"}]}}{"C603":{"preferredName":"Isotretinoin","code":"C603","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used in the treatment of acne and psoriasis and is being studied in cancer prevention. It is a type of retinoid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally-occurring retinoic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Isotretinoin binds to and activates nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs); activated RARs serve as transcription factors that promote cell differentiation and apoptosis. This agent also exhibits immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory responses and inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, thereby decreasing polyamine synthesis and keratinization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"13-cRA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"13-cis retinoic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"13-cis-Retinoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"13-cis-Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"13-cis-Vitamin A Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)2-cis-4-trans-6-trans-8-trans-nonatetraenoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Absorica","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Accure","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Accutane","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amnesteem","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cistane","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Claravis","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISOTRETINOIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Isotretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Isotretinoin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Isotretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isotretinoinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isotrex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isotrexin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myorisan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neovitamin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neovitamin A Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oratane","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinoicacid-13-cis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 4-3780","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro-4-3780","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Roaccutan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Roaccutane","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Roacutan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sotret","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZENATANE","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"isotretinoin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"329481"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022265"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4759-48-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Severe recalcitrant nodular acne; psoriasis; cornification disorders; cutaneous T-cell lymphoma; juvenile metastatic neuroblastoma and leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EH28UP18IF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42657"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42657"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H28O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Isotretinoin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6067"}]}}{"C38131":{"preferredName":"Ispinesib","code":"C38131","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Ispinesib blocks a protein that tumor cells need to divide. It is a type of mitotic inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic small molecule, derived from quinazolinone, with antineoplastic properties. Ispinesib selectively inhibits the mitotic motor protein, kinesin spindle protein (KSP), resulting in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest during the mitotic phase, and cell death in tumor cells that are actively dividing. Because KSP is not involved in nonmitotic processes, such as neuronal transport, ispinesib may be less likely to cause the peripheral neuropathy often associated with the tubulin-targeting agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CK0238273","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISPINESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ispinesib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ispinesib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-715992","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"SB-715992","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SB-715992","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ispinesib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"727990"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527260"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"336113-53-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BKT5F9C2NI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391236"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391236"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H33ClN4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SB-715992"}]}}{"C77518":{"preferredName":"Ispinesib Mesylate","code":"C77518","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt form of ispinesib, a synthetic small molecule, derived from quinazolinone, and kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity. Ispinesib selectively inhibits KSP and prevents its binding to microtubules, resulting in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest during the M-phase, and cell death in tumor cells that are actively dividing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ISPINESIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ispinesib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2697824"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"514820-03-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R6ZMD4UH3D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H33ClN4O2.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ispinesib_Mesylate"}]}}{"C116855":{"preferredName":"Itacitinib","code":"C116855","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1) with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, itacitinib selectively inhibits JAK-1, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins and the production of proinflammatory factors induced by other cytokines, including interleukin-23 (IL-23) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The JAK-STAT pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is involved in cellular proliferation, growth, hematopoiesis, and the immune response; JAK kinases may be upregulated in inflammatory diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, and various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Azetidineacetonitrile, 1-(1-((3-Fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyridinyl)carbonyl)-4-piperidinyl)-3-(4-(7H-pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 039110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-039110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB039110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ITACITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Itacitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Itacitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896836"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1334298-90-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"19J3781LPM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740328"}]}}{"C158906":{"preferredName":"Itacitinib Adipate","code":"C158906","definitions":[{"description":"The adipate salt form of itacitinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1) with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, itacitinib selectively inhibits JAK-1, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins and the production of proinflammatory factors induced by other cytokines, including interleukin-23 (IL-23) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The JAK-STAT pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is involved in cellular proliferation, growth, hematopoiesis, and the immune response; JAK kinases may be upregulated in inflammatory diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, and various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INCB-039110 Adipate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB039110 Adipate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ITACITINIB ADIPATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Itacitinib Adipate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Itacitinib Adipate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1334302-63-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XZG407XE0Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740328"}]}}{"C104048":{"preferredName":"Itraconazole Dispersion In Polymer Matrix","code":"C104048","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary oral formulation composed of the poorly soluble, synthetic triazole agent, itraconazole, dispersed in a polymer matrix, with antifungal and potential anti-angiogenic activities. Upon oral administration, itraconazole inhibits the enzyme cytochrome P450 lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase, resulting in a decrease in fungal ergosterol synthesis. Although the exact mechanism through which itraconazole inhibits angiogenesis has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to inhibit the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, cholesterol synthesis and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in endothelial cells. This agent may also prevent the activation of and signaling by various angiogenic growth factors. By decreasing the tumor vasculature and nutrient supply, itraconazole ultimately inhibits tumor cell growth. The solid dispersion of itraconazole in the polymer matrix enhances dissolution of itraconazole in the gastrointestinal tract and increases its bioavailability; this allows for the administration of a much lower dose compared to itraconazole alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Itraconazole Dispersion In Polymer Matrix","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Itraconazole Dispersion In Polymer Matrix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SUBA-Itraconazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL439067"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744267"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744267"}]}}{"C114383":{"preferredName":"Ivosidenib","code":"C114383","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, AG-120 specifically inhibits a mutated form of IDH1 in the cytoplasm, which inhibits the formation of the oncometabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). This may lead to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in IDH1-expressing tumor cells. IDH1, an enzyme in the citric acid cycle, is mutated in a variety of cancers; it initiates and drives cancer growth by both blocking cell differentiation and catalyzing the formation of 2HG.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG-120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IVOSIDENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ivosidenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ivosidenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tibsovo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471818"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1448347-49-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"newly-diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a susceptible IDH1 mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q2PCN8MAM6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758551"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758551"}]}}{"C37452":{"preferredName":"Ixabepilone","code":"C37452","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer that has not improved after treatment with certain other anticancer drugs. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Ixempra stops the growth of tumor cells by blocking cell division. It is a type of epothilone analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable semisynthetic analogue of epothilone B with antineoplastic activity. Ixabepilone binds to tubulin and promotes tubulin polymerization and microtubule stabilization, thereby arresting cells in the G2-M phase of the cell cycle and inducing tumor cell apoptosis. This agent demonstrates antineoplastic activity against taxane-resistant cell lines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,3S,7S,10R,11S,12S,16R)-7,11-Dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-3-[(1E)-1-methyl-2-(2-methyl-4-thiazolyl)ethenyl]-17-oxa-4-azabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(1S,3S,7S,10R,11S,12S,16R)-7,11-Dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-3-[(1E)-1-methyl-2-(2-methyl-4-thiazolyl)ethenyl]-17-oxa-4-azabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azaepothilone B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 247550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-247550","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BMS-247550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS247550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epothilone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epothilone-B BMS 247550","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IXABEPILONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ixabepilone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ixabepilone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ixempra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Ixempra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ixabepilone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"710428"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1135132"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"219989-84-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K27005NP0A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37860"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37860"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H42N2O5S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ixabepilone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63605"}]}}{"C82653":{"preferredName":"Ixazomib Citrate","code":"C82653","definitions":[{"description":"The citrate salt form of ixazomib, an orally bioavailable second generation proteasome inhibitor (PI) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ixazomib inhibits the activity of the proteasome, blocking the targeted proteolysis normally performed by the proteasome, which results in an accumulation of unwanted or misfolded proteins; disruption of various cell signaling pathways may follow, resulting in the induction of apoptosis. Compared to first generation PIs, second generation PIs may have an improved pharmacokinetic profile with increased potency and less toxicity. Proteasomes are large protease complexes that degrade unneeded or damaged proteins that have been ubiquinated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3,2-dioxaborinane-4-acetic acid, 4-carboxy-2-((1r)-1-((2-((2,5-dichlorobenzoyl)amino)acetyl)amino)-3-methylbutyl)-6-oxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IXAZOMIB CITRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ixazomib Citrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ixazomib Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN-9708","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN9708","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ninlaro","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830202"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1239908-20-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multiple myeloma (MM)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"46CWK97Z3K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"635527"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"635527"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H23BCl2N2O9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Proteasome_Inhibitor_MLN9708"}]}}{"C111761":{"preferredName":"JAK Inhibitor INCB047986","code":"C111761","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinases (JAK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, INCB047986 specifically binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of JAK, which affects JAK-dependent signaling and may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in JAK-overexpressing tumor cells. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is involved in cellular proliferation, growth, hematopoiesis, and the immune response; JAK kinases may be upregulated in inflammatory diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, and various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INCB 047986","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-047986","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB047986","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAK Inhibitor INCB047986","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454148"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753081"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753081"}]}}{"C156774":{"preferredName":"JAK1 Inhibitor AZD4205","code":"C156774","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AZD4205 inhibits JAK-dependent signaling and may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in JAK1-overexpressing tumor cells. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling pathway is a major mediator of cytokine activity and is often dysregulated in a variety of tumor cell types. Additionally, JAK1 may be a primary driver of STAT3 phosphorylation and signaling, which plays a role in neoplastic transformation, resistance to apoptosis, tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, immune evasion, and treatment resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 4205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-4205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD4205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAK1 Inhibitor AZD4205","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935810"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795786"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795786"}]}}{"C118629":{"preferredName":"JAK1 Inhibitor INCB052793","code":"C118629","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, INCB052793 specifically binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of JAK1, which interferes with JAK-dependent signaling and may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in JAK1-overexpressing tumor cells. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling pathway is a major mediator of cytokine activity and is often dysregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INCB052793","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAK1 Inhibitor INCB052793","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"JAK1 Inhibitor INCB052793","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896740"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765639"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765639"}]}}{"C91394":{"preferredName":"JAK2 Inhibitor AZD1480","code":"C91394","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. JAK2 inhibitor AZD1480 inhibits JAK2 activation, leading to the inhibition of the JAK/STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling including activation of STAT3. This may lead to induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in cellular proliferation. JAK2, often upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cells, mediates STAT3 activation and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD1480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAK2 Inhibitor AZD1480","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"JAK2 Inhibitor AZD1480","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2745423"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672901"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672901"}]}}{"C95702":{"preferredName":"JAK2 Inhibitor BMS-911543","code":"C95702","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule targeting a subset of Janus-associated kinase (JAK) with potential antineoplastic activity. JAK2 inhibitor BMS-911543 selectively inhibits JAK2, thereby preventing the JAK/STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling cascade, including activation of STAT3. This may lead to an induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in cellular proliferation. JAK2, often upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cells, mediates STAT3 activation and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS 911543","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-911543","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BMS-911543","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAK2 Inhibitor BMS-911543","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"JAK2 Inhibitor BMS-911543","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987343"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7N03P021J8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689517"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689517"}]}}{"C90573":{"preferredName":"JAK2 Inhibitor XL019","code":"C90573","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. XL019 inhibits the activation of JAK2 as well as the mutated form JAK2V617F, which may result in the inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and may induce apoptosis. The JAK2 mutated form JAK2V617F has a valine-to-phenylalanine modification at position 617 and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JAK2 Inhibitor XL019","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"JAK2 Inhibitor XL019","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416257"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"667451"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"667451"}]}}{"C98109":{"preferredName":"Ilginatinib","code":"C98109","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) and Src-family kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Ilginatinib competes with ATP for binding to JAK2 as well as the mutated form JAK2V617F, thereby inhibiting the activation of JAK2 and downstream molecules in the JAK2/STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) signaling pathway that plays an important role in normal development, particularly hematopoiesis. In addition, ilginatinib inhibits the Src family tyrosine kinases. This eventually leads to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. JAK2 is the most common mutated gene in bcr-abl-negative myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs); JAK2V617F is a constitutively activated kinase that activates the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and dysregulates cell growth and function, and its expression transforms hematopoietic cells to cytokine-independent growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-N-(1-(4-Fluorophenyl)ethyl)-4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N'-(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine-2,6-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Pyridinediamine, N2-((1S)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl)-4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N6-2-pyrazinyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILGINATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ilginatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ilginatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NS-018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430628"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1239358-86-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"56R994WX4L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710644"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710644"}]}}{"C49095":{"preferredName":"JNK Inhibitor CC-401","code":"C49095","definitions":[{"description":"A second generation ATP-competitive anthrapyrazolone c-Jun N terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Based on the chemistry of SP600125, another anthrapyrazolone inhibitor of JNK, CC-401 competitively binds the ATP binding site of JNK, resulting in inhibition of the phosphorylation of the N-terminal activation domain of transcription factor c-Jun; decreased transcription activity of c-Jun; and a variety of cellular effects including decreased cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNK Inhibitor CC-401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707079"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453550"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453550"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CC-401"}]}}{"C61316":{"preferredName":"Jin Fu Kang","code":"C61316","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese herbal medicine derived from the plant Astragalus membranaceus with potential immunopotentiation activity. Jin Fu Kang may stimulate anti-tumor macrophage and natural killer cell activity and may enhance immune recognition of tumor cells by inhibiting the production of T-helper cell type 2 (Th2) cytokines such as interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jin Fu Kang","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831812"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"484642"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"484642"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Jin_Fu_Kang"}]}}{"C157493":{"preferredName":"KRAS G12C Inhibitor MRTX849","code":"C157493","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor that targets the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration MRTX849 covalently binds to cytosine 12 within the switch II pocket of GDP-bound KRAS G12C, thereby inhibiting mutant KRAS-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KRAS G12C Inhibitor MRTX849","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"KRAS G12C Inhibitor MRTX849","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRTX 849","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRTX-849","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRTX849","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937069"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796791"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796791"}]}}{"C154287":{"preferredName":"KRAS Mutant-targeting AMG 510","code":"C154287","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available agent that targets the specific KRAS mutation, p.G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS mutant-targeting AMG 510 selectively targets the KRAS p.G12C mutant, at either the DNA, RNA or protein level, and prevents, through an as of yet not elucidated manner, expression of and/or tumor cell signaling through the KRAS p.G12C mutant. This may inhibit growth in KRAS p.G12C-expressing tumor cells. The KRAS p.G12C mutation is seen in some tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 510","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-510","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG510","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRAS Mutant-targeting AMG 510","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"KRAS Mutant-targeting AMG 510","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555284"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794411"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794411"}]}}{"C164218":{"preferredName":"KRAS-MAPK Signaling Pathway Inhibitor JAB-3312","code":"C164218","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the KRAS-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, JAB-3312 blocks signaling through the KRAS-MAPK pathway. This prevents proliferation of susceptible cancer cells in which the KRAS-MAPK signaling pathway is overactivated. The Ras-MAPK pathway is often hyperactivated in cancer cells due to specific mutations and rearrangements, such as those seen in KRAS-mutant cancer cells, and drives cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JAB 3312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAB-3312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAB3312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRAS-MAPK Signaling Pathway Inhibitor JAB-3312","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"KRAS-MAPK Signaling Pathway Inhibitor JAB-3312","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799443"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799443"}]}}{"C1614":{"preferredName":"KRN5500","code":"C1614","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to a family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics. It is an anthracycline.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of the nucleoside-like antineoplastic antibiotic spicamycin, originally isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces alanosinicus. KRN 5500 inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus functions. This agent also induces cell differentiation and caspase-dependent apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-[4-Deoxy-4-[(2E,4E)-tetradecadienoylglycyl]amino-L-glycero-beta-L-mannohepto-pyranosyl]amino-9H-purine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRN5500","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"KRN5500","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"KRN5500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRN5500","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"KRN5500","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"650426"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0294829"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42581"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42581"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"KRN5500"}]}}{"C64522":{"preferredName":"KSP Inhibitor AZD4877","code":"C64522","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. AZD4877 selectively inhibits microtubule motor protein KSP (also called kinesin-5 or Eg5), which is essential for the formation of bipolar spindles and the proper segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis. Inhibition of KSP results in an inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint, induction of cell cycle arrest during the mitotic phase, thereby causing cell death in tumor cells that are actively dividing. Because KSP is not involved in postmitotic processes, such as neuronal transport, AZD4877 may be less likely to cause the peripheral neuropathy often associated with the tubulin-targeting agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD4877","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSP Inhibitor AZD4877","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"KSP Inhibitor AZD4877","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879525"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"522717"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"522717"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AZD4877"}]}}{"C52199":{"preferredName":"KSP Inhibitor SB-743921","code":"C52199","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic properties. SB-743921 selectively inhibits kinesin spindle protein (KSP), an important protein involved in the early stages of mitosis that is expressed in proliferating cells. Inhibition of KSP results in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly and interrupts cell division, thereby causing cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KSP Inhibitor SB-743921","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB 743921","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-743921","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SB-743921","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-743921","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709979"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"24DSZ1VN92"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456262"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456262"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SB-743921"}]}}{"C91705":{"preferredName":"Kanglaite","code":"C91705","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable microemulsion of a purified oil extracted from the seeds of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's tears), with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, kanglaite exhibits an antineoplastic effect, potentially via interfering with the cell cycle and halting tumor cells in the G2/M phase, which may eventually inhibit mitosis and proliferation of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Coicis Semen Oil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KLT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kanglaite","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Kanglaite","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1568044"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"361791"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"361791"}]}}{"C605":{"preferredName":"Ketoconazole","code":"C605","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that treats infection caused by a fungus. It is also used as a treatment for prostate cancer because it can block the production of male sex hormones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of phenylpiperazine with broad antifungal properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Ketoconazole inhibits sterol 14-a-dimethylase, a microsomal cytochrome P450-dependent enzyme, thereby disrupting synthesis of ergosterol, an important component of the fungal cell wall. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cis-1-Acetyl-4-[4-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazole-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fungarest","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fungoral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KETOCONAZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ketoconazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Ketoconazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ketoconazole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ketoconazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ketoderm","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ketoisdin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nizoral","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orifungal M","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panfungol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-41400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xolegel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ketoconazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"317629"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022625"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65277-42-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Seborrheic Dermatitis; Prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R9400W927I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39488"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39488"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H28Cl2N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ketoconazole"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:47519"}]}}{"C77403":{"preferredName":"Ketotrexate","code":"C77403","definitions":[{"description":"A folic acid antagonist and mammalian dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Ketotrexate inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme that reduces dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid which is essential for the synthesis of purine nucleotides and thymidylate. By depleting tetrahydrofolic acid availability, DNA synthesis is halted.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KETOTREXATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ketotrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2697842"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"877017-93-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"504RN634MM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H27N7O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ketotrexate"}]}}{"C67049":{"preferredName":"Kunecatechins Ointment","code":"C67049","definitions":[{"description":"A topical ointment containing a green tea polyphenol mixture (kunecatechins) with potential antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, and chemopreventive activities. Kunecatechins is a partially purified fraction of the aqueous extract of green tea leaves from Camellia sinensis and contains catechins and other green tea components. Catechins, polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolites or flavonoids, comprise most of the drug substance in kunecatechins with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) present as the primary catechin. Catechins may inhibit basic functions of human papillomavirus (HPV), counteract specific changes in tumor cells, affect cell signaling, and stimulate the immune system. Topical application of kunecatechins ointment has been reported to reduce HPV-induced genital and anal warts through a not yet fully understood mechanism, which may involve anti-oxidative activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Defined Green Tea Catechin Extract OIntment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kunecatechins Ointment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyphenon E Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyphenon E Topical Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Veregen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1816306"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Genital and Perianal Warts"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"533915"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"533915"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Kunecatechin_Ointment"}]}}{"C62178":{"preferredName":"L-Gossypol","code":"C62178","definitions":[{"description":"The levo-enantiomer of an orally bioavailable polyphenolic aldehyde, derived primarily from unrefined cottonseed oil, with potential antineoplastic activity. Mimicking the inhibitory BH3 (Bcl-2 homology 3) domain of endogenous antagonists of Bcl-2, L-gossypol binds to and inhibits various anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This agent has greater affinity for Bcl-2 proteins than racemic gossypol.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L-Gossypol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831823"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"90141-22-3"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570759"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570759"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"L-Gossypol"}]}}{"C107240":{"preferredName":"L-methylfolate","code":"C107240","definitions":[{"description":"A nutritional supplement containing the biologically active form of the B9 vitamin folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (L-methylfolate), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, L-methylfolate is able to provide methyl groups allowing an increase in the level of DNA methylation in the promoter regions of certain tumor-promoting genes, thereby reversing the DNA hypomethylation of these genes and inactivating them. This may result in a decrease of both tumor cell proliferation and tumor progression. In addition, administration of L-methylfolate may sensitize tumor cells to the cytotoxic effects of other chemotherapeutic agents. Unlike folic acid, L-methylfolate is able to cross the blood brain barrier and could be beneficial in the treatment of brain tumors. DNA hypomethylation of certain genes leads to chromosome instability and contributes to tumor development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-MTHF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Methyl terahydrofolic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Methyltetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deplin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Glutamic Acid, N-(4-(((2-amino-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-5- methyl-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-methylfolate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"L-methylfolate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-methyltetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0049315"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750726"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750726"}]}}{"C2499":{"preferredName":"LMB-1 Immunotoxin","code":"C2499","definitions":[{"description":"A toxic substance linked to an antibody that attaches to tumor cells and kills them.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chimeric protein consisting of the Fv portion of a monoclonal antibody attached to a fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin A without its cell-binding region. LMB-1 immunotoxin targets B3, a Lewis Y-related carbohydrate epitope found on some solid tumors. The antibody attaches to the tumor cell and the exotoxin stops protein synthesis by inactivating elongation factor 2. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B3-NLysPE38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin LMB-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin LMB-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-1 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-1 immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"651311"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796420"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43265"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43265"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LMB-1_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C2513":{"preferredName":"LMB-2 Immunotoxin","code":"C2513","definitions":[{"description":"A toxic substance linked to an antibody that attaches to tumor cells and kills them.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fusion protein consisting of the Fv portion of a monoclonal antibody attached to a 38-kDa fragment of the Pseudomonas exotoxin A (with amino acids 365-380 deleted). LMB-2 immunotoxin targets the interleukin 2 receptor (also known as IL-2R or CD25) which is expressed on activated normal T and B cells and macrophages and on the cells of various hematologic malignancies. The antibody attaches to the IL-2R on the cell membrane, facilitating the entry of the exotoxin. The exotoxin moiety induces caspase-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage; it also catalyzes the transfer of ADP ribose from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to elongation factor-2 in eukaryotic cells, thereby inactivating elongation factor 2 and inhibiting protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Tac(Fv)-PE38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized AntiTac Toxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin LMB-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-2 (Anti-TAC(FV)-PE-38)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-2 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LMB-2 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-2 immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"676422"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0655013"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43377"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43377"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LMB-2_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C1619":{"preferredName":"LMB-7 Immunotoxin","code":"C1619","definitions":[{"description":"A toxic substance linked to an antibody that attaches to tumor cells and kills them.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A single chain chimeric protein consisting of a monoclonal antibody fragment attached to a portion of the Pseudomonas exotoxin A. LMB-7 immunotoxin attaches to B3, a Lewis Y-related carbohydrate epitope on some solid tumor cells. The antibody attaches to the cell and the exotoxin inhibits protein synthesis by inactivating elongation factor 2. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B3(Fv)-PE38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B3(Fv)-PE38 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB21(Fv)PE40","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin LMB-7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin LMB-7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-7 (Single-Chain Immunotoxin)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-7 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-7 immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"659639"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"658931"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0296314"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42683"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42683"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LMB-7_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C2472":{"preferredName":"LMB-9 Immunotoxin","code":"C2472","definitions":[{"description":"A toxic substance linked to an antibody that attaches to tumor cells and kills them.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant disulfide stabilized anti-Lewis Y IgG immunotoxin containing a 38 KD toxic element derived from the Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A and a monoclonal antibody fragment, designed to target adenocarcinomas expressing Lewis Y. LMB-9 immunotoxin attaches to tumor cells, facilitating he entry of the exotoxin. The exotoxin moiety induces caspase-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage; it also catalyzes the transfer of ADP ribose from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to elongation factor-2 in eukaryotic cells, thereby inactivating elongation factor 2 and inhibiting protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B3 (dsFv)-PE38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin LMB-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-9 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-9 immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"691236"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0678023"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43018"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43018"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LMB-9_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C62767":{"preferredName":"LMP-2:340-349 Peptide Vaccine","code":"C62767","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine containing amino acids residues from 340 through 349 of the latent membrane protein-2 (LMP-2) of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. LMP-2, an EBV transmembrane protein, is expressed in various malignancies including nasopharyngeal cancer and EBV-positive Hodgkin disease. Vaccination with the LMP-2:340-349 peptide may boost the immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against LMP-2 producing cells, resulting in cell lysis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LMP-2:340-349 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831952"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504594"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504594"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LMP-2_340-349_Peptide_Vaccine"}]}}{"C62768":{"preferredName":"LMP-2:419-427 Peptide Vaccine","code":"C62768","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine containing amino acids residues from 419 through 427 of the latent membrane protein-2 (LMP-2) of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. LMP-2, an EBV transmembrane protein, is expressed in various malignancies including nasopharyngeal cancer and EBV-positive Hodgkin disease. Vaccination with the LMP-2:49-427 peptide may boost the immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against LMP-2 producing cells, resulting in cell lysis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LMP-2:419-427 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831953"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504596"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504596"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LMP-2_419-427_Peptide_Vaccine"}]}}{"C160691":{"preferredName":"LOXL2 Inhibitor PAT-1251","code":"C160691","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small-molecule, irreversible inhibitor of lysyl oxidase homolog 2 (lysyl oxidase-like protein 2; LOXL2) with potential antifibrotic activity. Upon oral administration, the aminomethyl pyridine moiety of LOXL2 inhibitor PAT-1251 interacts with the active site of LOXL2 to form a pseudo-irreversible inhibitory complex, thereby inhibiting the catalytic activity of LOXL2. LOXL2, a secreted glycoprotein, catalyzes the post-translational oxidative deamination of lysine residues on target proteins, including collagen and elastin, leading to the formation of deaminated lysine (allysine). Condensation with other allysines or lysines drives the formation of inter- and intramolecular cross-linkages that impact remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), potentially leading to fibrosis. Inhibition of LOXL2, which is often upregulated in fibrotic tissue, may reduce fibrosis in certain chronic fibrotic diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LOXL2 Inhibitor PAT-1251","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LOXL2 Inhibitor PAT-1251","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lysyl Oxidase-like Protein 2 Inhibitor PAT-1251","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAT 1251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAT-1251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAT1251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C165553":{"preferredName":"LRP5/6 Antagonist BI 905677","code":"C165553","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized biparatopic nanobody composed of two blocking domains for the Wnt ligand co-receptors lipoprotein receptor-related proteins (LRP) 5 and 6, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, BI 905677 targets and binds to LRP5 and LRP6, thereby blocking the binding of Wnt ligands to LRP5/6. This prevents the activation of the Frizzled (FZD)-Wnt-LRP5/6 trimeric complex and prevents the inactivation of the beta-catenin degradation complex, which leads to beta-catenin degradation. This inhibits the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, prevents the beta-catenin-mediated activation of Wnt target genes, and inhibits the proliferation and survival of Wnt-driven tumor cells. In addition, inhibition of Wnt signaling by BI 905677 prevents Wnt-mediated immune escape, thereby re-activating the immune system, specifically inducing the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and activation as well as infiltration of cytotoxic T-cells into the tumor tissue. The FZD-Wnt-LRP5/6 trimeric complex induces phosphorylation of LRP5 or LRP6 intracellular domains leading to inactivation of the beta-catenin degradation complex, allowing beta-catenin accumulation; stabilized beta-catenin enters the nucleus and acts as a transcriptional activator of Wnt target genes. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling plays a key role in tumorigenesis and resistance to immunotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LRP5/6 Nanobody BI 905677","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 905677","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-905677","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI905677","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LRP5/6 Antagonist BI 905677","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799658"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799658"}]}}{"C131303":{"preferredName":"LSD1 Inhibitor CC-90011","code":"C131303","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CC-90011 binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor (remove hyphen) suppressor genes. This may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, LSD1 demethylates mono- or di-methylated H3K9 which increases gene expression of tumor promoting genes; inhibition of LSD1 promotes H3K9 methylation and decreases transcription of these genes. LSD1, an enzyme belonging to the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent amine oxidase family that is overexpressed in certain tumor cells, plays a key role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC 90011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-90011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC90011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LSD1 Inhibitor CC-90011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Inhibitor CC-90011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514523"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785511"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785511"}]}}{"C113646":{"preferredName":"LSD1 Inhibitor GSK2879552","code":"C113646","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, irreversible, inhibitor of lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GSK2879552 binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the dimethylated form of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor-suppressor genes. This may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. LSD1, overexpressed in certain tumor cells, plays a key role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK2879552","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LSD1 Inhibitor GSK2879552","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LSD1 Inhibitor GSK2879552","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827120"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756742"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756742"}]}}{"C131827":{"preferredName":"LSD1 Inhibitor IMG-7289","code":"C131827","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, irreversible inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, IMG-7289 binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor suppressor genes. In addition, LSD1 demethylates mono- or di-methylated H3K9 which increases gene expression of tumor promoting genes; thus, inhibition of LSD1 also promotes H3K9 methylation and decreases transcription of these genes. Altogether, this may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. LSD1, an enzyme belonging to the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent amine oxidase family is overexpressed in certain tumor cells and plays a key role in the regulation of gene expression, tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMG 7289","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMG-7289","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LSD-1 Inhibitor IMG-7289","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LSD1 Inhibitor IMG-7289","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LSD1 Inhibitor IMG-7289","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Inhibitor IMG-7289","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514400"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786176"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786176"}]}}{"C131908":{"preferredName":"Iadademstat","code":"C131908","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of lysine specific histone demethylase 1 (KDM1A; LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, iadademstat binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor suppressor genes. This may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, LSD1 demethylates mono- or di-methylated H3K9, which increases gene expression of tumor promoting genes; inhibition of LSD1 promotes H3K9 methylation and decreases transcription of these genes. LSD1, an enzyme belonging to the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent amine oxidase family, is overexpressed in certain tumor cells and plays a key role in in the regulation of gene expression, tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,4-Cyclohexanediamine, N1-((1R,2S)-2-Phenylcyclopropyl)-, trans-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IADADEMSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iadademstat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iadademstat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORY 1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORY-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 6016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7051790","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7051790","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"trans-N1-((1R,2S)-2-Phenylcyclopropyl)-1,4-cyclohexanediamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521133"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1431304-21-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"54T74394F8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786364"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786364"}]}}{"C78832":{"preferredName":"LV.IL-2/B7.1-Transduced AML Blast Vaccine RFUSIN2-AML1","code":"C78832","definitions":[{"description":"A whole-cell cancer vaccine, containing human acute myeloid leukemic (AML) blasts that have been genetically engineered to express a B7.1/IIL-2 fusion protein encoded by a self-inactivating lentiviral vector (LV), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, LV.IL-2/B7.1-transduced AML blast vaccine RFUSIN2-AML1 may stimulate a host cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against AML cells. The single fusion protein encoded by the LV is postsynthetically cleaved to produce biologically active membrane-anchored B7.1 and secreted IL-2 in AML blasts; combined expression of IL-2 and the co-stimulatory molecule B7.1 by AML blasts may increase stimulation of both allogeneic and autologous cytotoxic T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LV.IL-2/B7.1-Transduced AML Blast Vaccine RFUSIN2-AML1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lentivirus-transduced AML Blasts Expressing B7.1 and IL-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RFUSIN2-AML1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387720"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609860"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609860"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LV_IL-2_B7_1-Transduced_AML_Blast_Vaccine"}]}}{"C95710":{"preferredName":"Labetuzumab Govitecan","code":"C95710","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing labetuzumab, a mildly reduced, anti-CEACAM5 humanized monoclonal antibody, conjugated to the potent topoisomerase I inhibitor SN-38, with antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of labetuzumab govitecan selectively binds to carcinoembryonic cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5), which is abundantly expressed on the surface of a majority of solid tumors. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan, inhibits the activity of topoisomerase I in the tumor cells, eventually inhibiting both DNA replication and transcription and leading to tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC IMMU-130","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMMU-130","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LABETUZUMAB GOVITECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Labetuzumab Govitecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Labetuzumab-SN-38 Immunoconjugate IMMU-130","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"hMN14-SN38","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428175"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8E3HI6QQ9J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"692828"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"692828"}]}}{"C90547":{"preferredName":"Ruxotemitide","code":"C90547","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide derived from human lactoferrin, with potential lytic and immunostimulating activities. Upon transdermal injection directly into the tumor, ruxotemitide may bind to the tumor cell membranes and subsequently lyse tumor cells, thereby inducing tumor cell necrosis. In turn, presentation of the tumor antigens to the immune system may induce systemic innate and adaptive immune responses mediated by anti-tumor natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and natural killer T (NKT) cells. This may trigger an immune response against tumor associated antigens on tumors distant from the primary tumor. Human lactoferrin, a 692 amino acid glycoprotein, belongs to the transferrin family of metal-binding proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LTX-315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncopore","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUXOTEMITIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ruxotemitide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416231"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1345407-05-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"75FBL12IZ7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665662"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665662"}]}}{"C124999":{"preferredName":"Lacutamab","code":"C124999","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody against the immune receptor human killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, three domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 2 (KIR3DL2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, lacutamab binds to KIR3DL2 expressed on certain tumor cells. This recruits natural killer (NK) cells and leads to lysis of KIR3DL2-expressing tumor cells. In addition, IPH4102 induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), thereby further eliminating tumor cells. KIR3DL2, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and inhibitory receptor of the KIR family, is specifically expressed in most subtypes of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) and expressed only on a fraction of normal NK cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-KIR3DL2 Monoclonal Antibody IPH4102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-KIR3DL2 mAb IPH4102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH-4102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH4102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LACUTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lacutamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503845"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2187368-16-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N8O7MY0VNS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777272"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777272"}]}}{"C83861":{"preferredName":"Ladirubicin","code":"C83861","definitions":[{"description":"A 4-demethoxydaunorubicin (idarubicin) analog with an aziridinyl group in position C-3' and a methylsulphonyl on position C-4', with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, ladirubicin alkylates guanine residues at the N7 position in the DNA major groove, resulting in DNA base pair mismatching, DNA interstrand crosslinking, the inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Demethoxy-3'-deamino-3'-aziridinyl-4'-methylsulphonyl-daunorubicin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCE 28729","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idarubicin Analog PNU-159548","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LADIRUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ladirubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU 159548","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU-159548","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU159548","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827222"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"171047-47-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U395ERO49H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H31NO11S"}]}}{"C29149":{"preferredName":"Laetrile","code":"C29149","definitions":[{"description":"A substance found in the pits of many fruits such as apricots and papayas, and in other foods. It has been tried in some countries as a treatment for cancer, but it has not been shown to work in clinical studies. Laetrile is not approved for use in the United States.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Originally, the name laetrile was the contraction of laevo-mandelonitrile glucoside, a cyanogenic glycoside found naturally in some plants. Over the years the meaning of laetrile has changed. There are now preparations called Laetrile where amygdalin is the major constituent. Laetrile and amygdalin are often used interchangeably, but are different agents. Cyanide and benzaldehyde are metabolites of both laetrile and amygdalin. Both metabolites may possess antineoplastic properties. Laetrile has been used as an anticancer treatment in humans worldwide, but scientific evidence does not support its effectiveness. It is not approved for use in the United States. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Beta-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid, alpha-cyanobenzyl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyanophenylmethyl-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Mandelonitrile-beta-glucuronoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laetrile","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laetrille","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mandelonitrile-beta-glucuronide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin B17","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"laetrile","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"103055"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0878244"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257611"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257611"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14-H15-N-O7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Laetrille"}]}}{"C28698":{"preferredName":"Laniquidar","code":"C28698","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied for its ability to make cancer cells respond to drugs to which they have become resistant. It belongs to the family of drugs called multidrug resistance inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A stereoisomer of verapamil and third-generation P-glycoprotein inhibitor. Laniquidar inhibits the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein, resulting in higher concentrations of antineoplastic agents in tumor cells that are multi-drug resistant due to the overexpression of P-glycoprotein. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LANIQUIDAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Laniquidar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R101933","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"R101933","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0916124"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"197509-46-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K3FRN4DDOY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38526"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38526"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C37H36N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Laniquidar"}]}}{"C74584":{"preferredName":"Lanreotide Acetate","code":"C74584","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt of a synthetic cyclic octapeptide analogue of somatostatin. Lanreotide binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTR), specifically SSTR-2 and also to SSTR-5 with a lesser affinity. However, compare with octreotide, this agent is less potent in inhibiting the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. Furthermore, lanreotide has an acute effect on decreasing circulating total and free insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I). This agent is usually given as a prolonged-release microparticle or Autogel formulation for the treatment of acromegaly and to relieve the symptoms of neuroendocrine tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AT-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Threoninamide, 3-(2-naphthalenyl)-D-alanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-tyrosyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-valyl-L-cysteinyl-, cyclic (2-7)-disulfide, acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LANREOTIDE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lanreotide Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lanreotide Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatuline Depot","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"9641549"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771414"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"127984-74-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IEU56G3J9C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750171"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750171"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C54H69N11O10S2.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lanreotide_Acetate"}]}}{"C28694":{"preferredName":"Lapachone","code":"C28694","definitions":[{"description":"A poorly soluble, ortho-naphthoquinone with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activity. Beta-lapachone (b-lap) is bioactivated by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1), creating a futile oxidoreduction that generates high levels of superoxide. In turn, the highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) interact with DNA, thereby causing single-strand DNA breaks and calcium release from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stores. Eventually, the extensive DNA damage causes hyperactivation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), an enzyme facilitating DNA repair, accompanied by rapid depletion of NAD+/ATP nucleotide levels. As a result, a caspase-independent and ER-stress induced mu-calpain-mediated cell death occurs in NQO1-overexpressing tumor cells. NQO1, a flavoprotein and two-electron oxidoreductase, is overexpressed in a variety of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,4-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-naphtho(1,2-b)pyran-5,6-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ 501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-Lap-WJ","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-Lapachone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAPACHONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lapachone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta-Lapachone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"629749"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"26326"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053471"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4707-32-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6N4FA2QQ6A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357565"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357565"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H14O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"beta-Lapachone"}]}}{"C26653":{"preferredName":"Lapatinib","code":"C26653","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used with another anticancer drug to treat breast cancer that is HER2 positive and has advanced or metastasized (spread to other parts of the body) after treatment with other drugs. Lapatinib is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is a type of ErbB-2 and EGFR dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, orally-active quinazoline with potential antineoplastic properties. Lapatinib reversibly blocks phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), ErbB2, and the Erk-1 and-2 and AKT kinases; it also inhibits cyclin D protein levels in human tumor cell lines and xenografts. EGFR and ErbB2 have been implicated in the growth of various tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK572016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW 2016","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"GW2016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW572016","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GW572016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAPATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lapatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lapatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"12214266"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"727989"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1506770"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"231277-92-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0VUA21238F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H26ClFN4O4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"GW572016"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:49603"}]}}{"C66878":{"preferredName":"Lapatinib Ditosylate","code":"C66878","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used with another anticancer drug to treat breast cancer that is HER2 positive and has advanced or metastasized (spread to other parts of the body) after treatment with other drugs. Lapatinib ditosylate is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is a type of ErbB-2 and EGFR dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The ditosylate salt of lapatinib, a synthetic, orally-active quinazoline with potential antineoplastic activity. Lapatinib reversibly blocks phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), ErbB2, and the Erk-1 and-2 and AKT kinases; it also inhibits cyclin D protein levels in human tumor cell lines and xenografts. EGFR and ErbB2 have been implicated in the growth of various tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Quinazolinamine, N-(3-chloro-4-((3-fluorophenyl)methoxy)phenyl)-6-(5-(((2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl)amino)methyl)-2-furanyl), bis(4-methylbenzenesulfonate), Monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAPATINIB DITOSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lapatinib Ditosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Lapatinib Ditosylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lapatinib Ditosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tykerb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Tykerb","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lapatinib ditosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1504917"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"388082-78-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G873GX646R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269659"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269659"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H26ClFN4O4S.2C7H8O3S.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lapatinib_Ditosylate"}]}}{"C2057":{"preferredName":"Lapuleucel-T","code":"C2057","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based vaccine targets tumors expressing the HER2/neu marker. HER-2/neu is a growth factor receptor, and its overexpression has been associated with a number of cancers including breast, ovarian, colon and lung cancers. APC8024 comprise of autologous antigen-presenting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (APCs) that have been exposed to HER2/neu protein and can be administered to the patient. These cells may stimulate an antitumor T-cell response to cancer cells expressing HER2/neu. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APC 8024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APC8024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN24-02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lapuleucel-T","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lapuleucel-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuvenge","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515856"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735849"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735849"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"APC_8024"}]}}{"C2653":{"preferredName":"Laromustine","code":"C2653","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). It is also being studied in the treatment of several other types of cancer. It blocks cell growth by damaging the cell's DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sulfonyl hydrazine prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Laromustine releases the DNA chloroethylating agent 90CE after entering the blood stream; 90CE chloroethylates alkylates the O6 position of guanine, resulting in DNA crosslinking, strand breaks, chromosomal aberrations, and disruption of DNA synthesis. Intracellular metabolism of this agent also releases methyl isocyanate which inhibits O6-alkyl-guanine transferase, an enzyme involved with DNA repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Bis(methylsulfonyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-2-(methylaminocarbonyl)hydrazine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"101M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cloretazine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cloretazine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAROMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Laromustine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Laromustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onrigin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Onrigin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VNP40101M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VNP40101M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"laromustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"734246"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713559"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"173424-77-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"14J2G0U3NQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38440"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38440"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H14ClN3O5S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"VNP40101M"}]}}{"C48427":{"preferredName":"Larotaxel","code":"C48427","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of breast cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called taxane derivatives.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semi-synthetic derivative of the taxane 10-deacetylbaccatin III with potential antineoplastic activities. Larotaxel binds to tubulin, promoting microtubule assembly and stabilization and preventing microtubule depolymerization, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation. As it represents poor substrate for P-glycoprotein-related drug resistance mechanisms, this agent may be useful for treating multi-drug resistant tumors. Larotaxel penetrates the blood brain barrier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LAROTAXEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Larotaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Larotaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RPR 109881A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RPR 109881A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RPR-109881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxoid-109881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XRP9881","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0392979"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"156294-36-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TWQ8K8A81Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42554"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42554"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C45H53NO14"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"XRP9881"}]}}{"C115977":{"preferredName":"Larotrectinib","code":"C115977","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, larotrectinib binds to Trk, thereby preventing neurotrophin-Trk interaction and Trk activation, which results in both the induction of cellular apoptosis and the inhibition of cell growth in tumors that overexpress Trk. Trk, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Pyrrolidinecarboxamide, N-(5-((2R)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-3-yl)-3-hydroxy-, (3S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3S)-N-(5-((2R)-2-(2,5-Difluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-3-yl)-3-hydroxypyrrolidine- 1-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY 470","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAROTRECTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LOXO 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Larotrectinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4278057"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1223403-58-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PF9462I9HX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C156895":{"preferredName":"Larotrectinib Sulfate","code":"C156895","definitions":[{"description":"The sulfate salt form of larotrectinib, an orally available, tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, larotrectinib binds to Trk, thereby preventing neurotrophin-Trk interaction and Trk activation, which results in both the induction of cellular apoptosis and the inhibition of cell growth in tumors that overexpress Trk. Trk, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3S)-N-[5-[(2R)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]-3-hydroxypyrrolidine-1-carboxamide;sulfuric acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Pyrrolidinecarboxamide, N-(5-((2R)-2-(2,5-Difluorophenyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-3-yl)-3-hydroxy-, (3S)-, Sulfate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY 470 Sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAROTRECTINIB SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LOXO 101 Sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO-101 Sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Larotrectinib Sulfate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Larotrectinib Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitrakvi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935988"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1223405-08-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"solid tumors that have a neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase (NTRK) gene fusion without a known acquired resistance mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RDF76R62ID"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760532"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760532"}]}}{"C1142":{"preferredName":"Lavendustin A","code":"C1142","definitions":[{"description":"A compound isolated from strains of Streptomyces griseolavendus that may exert antitumor activity by inhibition of protein tyrosine kinase and tubulin polymerization. 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Upon administration, lazertinib specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutants, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. Lazertinib may inhibit programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and inflammatory cytokines in specific cancer cells harboring certain EGFR mutations. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, lazertinib may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M- or L858R-mediated drug resistance. In addition, lazertinib penetrates the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type EGFR (wtEGFR), and does not cause dose-limiting toxicities, which occur during the use of non-selective EGFR inhibitors and inhibit wtEGFR. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GNS-1480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAZERTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lazertinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lazertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-{5-[(4-{4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}pyrimidin-2-yl)amino]-4-methoxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl}prop-2-enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YH 25448","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YH-25448","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YH25448","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550797"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1903008-80-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4A2Y23XK11"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792503"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792503"}]}}{"C97500":{"preferredName":"Lead Pb 212 TCMC-trastuzumab","code":"C97500","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate containing the recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody trastuzumab conjugated with the bifunctional chelating agent TCMC ((1,4,7,10-Tetra-(2-Carbamoyl Methyl)-Cyclododecane), and radiolabeled with the alpha-emitting isotope lead Pb 212, with potential anti-tumor activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of lead Pb 212 TCMC-trastuzumab binds with high affinity to the extracellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2); after internalization, the radioisotope moiety delivers a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to the HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed on the cell surface of a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lead Pb 212 TCMC-Herceptin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lead Pb 212 TCMC-trastuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lead Pb 212 TCMC-trastuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[212]Pb TCMC-Herceptin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[212]Pb TCMC-trastuzumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430248"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703322"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703322"}]}}{"C94207":{"preferredName":"Lefitolimod","code":"C94207","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic oligonucleotide based on a proprietary double stem-loop immunomodulator design with potential immunostimulating activity. Lefitolimod binds to and activates intracellular Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in monocytes/macrophages, plasmacytoidal and myeloid dendritic cells (DCs), and natural killer (NK) cells, initiating immune signaling pathways and inducing T-helper 1 cell (Th1) production leading to the production of memory T cells and a Th1-mediated immune response. By activating the immune system, MGN1703 may attack tumor associated antigen (TAAs). TLR9 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEFITOLIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lefitolimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lefitolimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGN-1703","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGN1703","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dSLIM-30L1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986392"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6SO72A12FN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686500"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686500"}]}}{"C1128":{"preferredName":"Leflunomide","code":"C1128","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that works by inhibiting a cancer cell growth factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A derivative of isoxazole used for its immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties. As a prodrug, leflunomide is converted to an active metabolite, A77 1726, which blocks dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, a key enzyme of de novo pyrimidine synthesis, thereby preventing the expansion of activated T lymphocytes. This agent also inhibits various protein tyrosine kinases, such as protein kinase C (PKC), thereby inhibiting cell proliferation. 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Upon oral administration, lenalidomide analog KPG-121 may inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production, stimulate T-lymphocytes, reduce serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF; FGF2), and inhibit angiogenesis. Additionally, KPG-121 may promote G1 cell cycle arrest and induce apoptosis in malignant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KPG 121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KPG-121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KPG121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lenalidomide Analog KPG-121","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798954"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798954"}]}}{"C28168":{"preferredName":"Lentinan","code":"C28168","definitions":[{"description":"A beta-glucan (a type of polysaccharide) from the mushroom Lentinus edodes (shiitake mushroom). It has been studied in Japan as a treatment for cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LC-33","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LENTINAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lentinan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Lentinan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lentinan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"130122"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023324"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"37339-90-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6751655D1D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"(C12H20O10)n.HO(C6H10O5)n"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lentinan"}]}}{"C95124":{"preferredName":"Lenvatinib","code":"C95124","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, orally available inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2, also known as KDR/FLK-1) tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Lenvatinib blocks VEGFR2 activation by VEGF, resulting in inhibition of the VEGF receptor signal transduction pathway, decreased vascular endothelial cell migration and proliferation, and vascular endothelial cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Quinolinecarboxamide, 4-[3-chloro-4-[[(cyclopropylamino)carbonyl]amino]phenoxy]- 7-methoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7080","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ER-203492-00","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LENVATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lenvatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lenvatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-Kinase Inhibitor E7080","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18765537"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986924"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"417716-92-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EE083865G2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H19ClN4O4"}]}}{"C48636":{"preferredName":"Lenvatinib Mesylate","code":"C48636","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, orally available inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2, also known as KDR/FLK-1) tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. E7080 blocks VEGFR2 activation by VEGF, resulting in inhibition of the VEGF receptor signal transduction pathway, decreased vascular endothelial cell migration and proliferation, and vascular endothelial cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[3-Chloro-4-(N'-cyclopropylureido)phenoxy]7-methoxyquinoline-6-carboxamide Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Quinolinecarboxamide, 4-[3-chloro-4-[[(cyclopropylamino)carbonyl]amino]phenoxy]- 7-methoxy-, methanesulfonate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7080","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LENVATINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lenvatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lenvatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lenvima","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-Kinase Inhibitor E7080","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18765537"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4018332"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"857890-39-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"locally recurrent or metastatic, progressive, radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer; advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC); first-line treatment of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3J78384F61"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"445461"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"445461"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H19ClN4O4.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"E7080"}]}}{"C125081":{"preferredName":"Lenzilumab","code":"C125081","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant monoclonal antibody against the cytokine granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, lenzilumab binds to and neutralizes GM-CSF. This prevents GM-CSF binding to the GM-CSF receptor, which is a heterodimeric protein expressed on myeloid progenitor cells, and prevents GM-CSF-mediated signaling. This may induce apoptosis in and inhibit proliferation of cancer cells that overproduce GM-CSF. GM-CSF plays a key role in the differentiation and proliferation of monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes; elevated levels of GM-CSF are associated with certain autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, and cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1-kappa, Anti-(Homo sapiens CSF2 (Colony Stimulating Factor 2 (Granulocyte-Macrophage), Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor, GM-CSF)), Homo sapiens Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KB 003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KB003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LENZILUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lenzilumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lenzilumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503921"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1229575-09-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IE4X6497XK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778430"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778430"}]}}{"C48402":{"preferredName":"Lestaurtinib","code":"C48402","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment of acute leukemias and some other types of cancer. 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Letrozole causes a decrease in the amount of estrogen made by the body. It is a type of aromatase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nonsteroidal inhibitor of estrogen synthesis with antineoplastic activity. As a third-generation aromatase inhibitor, letrozole selectively and reversibly inhibits aromatase, which may result in growth inhibition of estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells. Aromatase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme localized to the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell and found in many tissues including those of the premenopausal ovary, liver, and breast, catalyzes the aromatization of androstenedione and testosterone into estrone and estradiol, the final step in estrogen biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4,4'-(1H-1,2,4triazol-1-ylmethylene)dibenzonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGS 20267","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Femara","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Femara","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Femara","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LETROZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Letrozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Letrozole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Letrozole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Letrozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"letrozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"719345"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0246421"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"112809-51-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer; Delayed puberty; Endometrial cancer; Ovulatory induction"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7LKK855W8I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42086"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42086"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H11N5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Letrozole"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6413"}]}}{"C71631":{"preferredName":"Leucovorin","code":"C71631","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to lessen the toxic effects of substances that block the action of folic acid, especially the anticancer drug methotrexate. Folinic acid is used to treat some types of anemia and is also used with fluorouracil to treat colorectal cancer. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer and other conditions. Folinic acid is a form of folic acid. It is a type of chemoprotective agent and a type of chemosensitizing agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A derivative of folic acid with chemoprotectant, antidote and synergistic activity. Leucovorin does not require metabolism by dihydrofolate reductase, the molecular target of folate antagonist-type chemotherapeutic drugs, and is converted to a tetrahydrofolate, which is the necessary folate for purine and pyrimidine synthesis. As this agent allows for some purine/pyrimidine synthesis to occur, the toxic effects of folic acid antagonist-type chemotherapeutic drugs are counteracted while still permitting the antitumor activity of the folic acid antagonist through dihydrofolate reductase inhibition. This agent also potentiates the effects of 5-fluorouracil and its derivatives by stabilizing the binding of 5-fluorouracil's converted form fluorodeoxyuridylic acid to its target enzyme thymidylate synthase, thus prolonging drug activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Formyltetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folinic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEUCOVORIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Leucovorin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leucovorin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"folinic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"leucovorin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023413"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58-05-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q573I9DVLP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H23N7O7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Leucovorin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15640"}]}}{"C607":{"preferredName":"Leucovorin Calcium","code":"C607","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to lessen the toxic effects of substances that block the action of folic acid, especially the anticancer drug methotrexate. Leucovorin calcium is used to treat some types of anemia and is also used with fluorouracil to treat colorectal cancer. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer and other conditions. Leucovorin calcium is a form of folic acid. It is a type of chemoprotective agent and a type of chemosensitizing agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An active metabolite of folic acid (also called folinic acid and citrovorum factor), which does not require metabolism by dihydrofolate reductase, the molecular target of folate antagonist-type chemotherapeutic drugs. Leucovorin calcium counteracts the toxic effects of these medications, 'rescuing' the patient while permitting the antitumor activity of the folate antagonist. This agent also potentiates the effects of fluorouracil and its derivatives by stabilizing the binding of the drug's metabolite to its target enzyme, thus prolonging drug activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Formyl Tetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteroyl-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adinepar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium (6S)-Folinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium Folinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium Leucovorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium N-(p-((((6RS)-2-amino-5-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-L-glutamate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calfolex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calinat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cehafolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citofolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citrec","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citrovorum Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cromatonbic Folinico","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dalisol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Disintox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Divical","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ecofol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emovis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOLI-cell","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Factor, Citrovorum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flynoken A","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folaren","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folaxin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Foliben","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folidan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folidar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folinac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folinate Calcium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folinic Acid Calcium Salt Pentahydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folinoral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folinvit","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Foliplus","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folix","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imo","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEUCOVORIN CALCIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lederfolat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lederfolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leucosar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leucovorin Calcium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leucovorin Calcium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-[[(2-Amino-5-formyl-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amnio]benzoyl]-L-glutamic Acid, Calcium Salt (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[p-[[(2-Amino-5-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rescufolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rescuvolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tonofolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wellcovorin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Wellcovorin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"citrovorum factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"folinic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"leucovorin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"leucovorin calcium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"3590"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0731033"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1492-18-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Megaloblastic anemia due to folate deficiency; Enhanced fluorouracil inhibition of thymidylate synthase; Reverse dihydrofolate reductase inhibition by methotrexate; Folic acid antagonist overdose; Nitrous Oxide toxicity"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RPR1R4C0P4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42584"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42584"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Leucovorin_Calcium"}]}}{"C62042":{"preferredName":"Leuprolide","code":"C62042","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to treat symptoms of advanced prostate cancer. It is also used to treat early puberty in children and certain gynecologic conditions. It is being studied in the treatment of other conditions and types of cancer. Leuprolide blocks the body from making testosterone (a male hormone) and estradiol (a female hormone). It may stop the growth of prostate cancer cells that need testosterone to grow. It is a type of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Leuprolide binds to and activates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Continuous, prolonged administration of leuprolide in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production. This agent reduces testosterone production to castration levels and may inhibit androgen receptor-positive tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-D-Leucine-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-1-9-luteinizing Hormone-releasing Factor (Pig)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-D-Leucine-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-10-deglycinamide Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor (Pig)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEUPROLIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Leuprolide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Leuprolide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leuprolide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leuprolide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leuprorelin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"leuprolide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"377526"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085272"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53714-56-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EFY6W0M8TG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C59H84N16O12"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Leuprolide_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6427"}]}}{"C1319":{"preferredName":"Leuprolide Acetate","code":"C1319","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat symptoms of advanced prostate cancer. It is also being studied in the treatment of other conditions and types of cancer. The active ingredient leuprolide blocks the body from making testosterone (a male hormone) and estradiol (a female hormone). It may stop the growth of prostate cancer cells that need testosterone to grow. Some brands of leuprolide are also used to treat early puberty in children and certain gynecologic conditions. Leuprolide acetate is a type of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The acetate salt of a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Leuprolide binds to and activates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Continuous, prolonged administration of leuprolide in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production. This agent reduces testosterone production to castration levels and may inhibit androgen receptor-positive tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-D-Leucine-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-1-9-luteinizing Hormone-releasing Factor (Pig) Monoacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-D-Leucine-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-10-deglycinamide Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor (Pig) Monoacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-43818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abbott 43818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abbott-43818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Eligard","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eligard","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Enanton","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enantone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enantone-Gyn","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ginecrin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEUP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEUPROLIDE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Leuplin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leuprolide Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Leuprolide Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leuprolide Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leuprorelin Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lucrin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lucrin Depot","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lupron","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Lupron","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lupron Depot","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lupron Depot-3 Month","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lupron Depot-4 Month","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lupron Depot-Ped","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutrate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Procren","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Procrin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostap","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAP-144","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trenantone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uno-Enantone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Viadur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Viadur","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"leuprolide acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"377526"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700596"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"74381-53-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Endometriosis; In-vitro fertilization; Precocious puberty; Premenstrual syndrome; Prostate cancer; Uterine fibroid tumors"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"37JNS02E7V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40058"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40058"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C59H84N16O12.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Leuprolide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63597"}]}}{"C118363":{"preferredName":"Leuprolide Mesylate Injectable Suspension","code":"C118363","definitions":[{"description":"A depot suspension for injection composed of the mesylate salt of leuprolide, a synthetic, long-acting nonapeptide analog of the endogenous hormone gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous injection of the depot suspension, leuprolide binds to and activates the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR). The continuous stimulation of GnRHR by leuprolide results in both the desensitization of pituitary GnRHR and the inhibition of pituitary secretion of the gonadotropins follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). In males, this results in a significant decline in testosterone production to castration levels and may inhibit androgen receptor-positive tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LMIS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leuprolide Mesylate Injectable Suspension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896651"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764623"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764623"}]}}{"C81421":{"preferredName":"Leurubicin","code":"C81421","definitions":[{"description":"An N-L-leucyl prodrug of the anthracycline doxorubicin, with antineoplastic activity. Leurubicin is converted to its active form doxorubicin in or on tumor cells by hydrolytic enzymes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEURUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Leurubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825623"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"70774-25-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1Z20MGK851"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H40N2O12"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Leurubicin"}]}}{"C47581":{"preferredName":"Levetiracetam","code":"C47581","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat seizures (involuntary muscle movements) caused by epilepsy (a group of brain disorders). Keppra is being studied in the treatment of seizures in patients with cancer that has spread to the brain. It is a type of anticonvulsant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyrrolidine with antiepileptic activity. The exact mechanism through which levetiracetam exerts its effects is unknown but does not involve inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter activity. Stereoselective binding of levetiracetam was confined to synaptic plasma membranes in the central nervous system with no binding occurring in peripheral tissue. Levetiracetam inhibits burst firing without affecting normal neuronal excitability, which suggests that it may selectively prevent hyper-synchronization of epileptiform burst firing and propagation of seizure activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-alpha-Ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Pyrrolidineacetamide, Alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-,(S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Keppra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Keppra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEVETIRACETAM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Levetiracetam","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"levetiracetam","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0377265"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"102767-28-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Treating partial-onset seizures in patients with epilepsy."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"44YRR34555"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526173"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526173"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H14N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Levetiracetam"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6437"}]}}{"C62080":{"preferredName":"Levothyroxine","code":"C62080","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic levoisomer of thyroxine (T4), similar to the endogenous hormone produced by the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is de-iodinated to form triiodothyronine (T3) in the peripheral tissues. T3 enters the cell and binds to nuclear thyroid hormone receptors, and the hormone-receptor complex in turn triggers gene expression and produces proteins required in the regulation of cellular respiration, thermogenesis, cellular growth and differentiation, and metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. T4 and T3 also possess cardiac stimulatory effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Thyroxine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Thyroxine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEVOTHYROXINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Levothyroxine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Levothyroxine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881373"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51-48-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q51BO43MG4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H11I4NO4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Levothyroxine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:18332"}]}}{"C888":{"preferredName":"Levothyroxine Sodium","code":"C888","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of levothyroxine, a synthetic levoisomer of thyroxine (T4) that is similar to the endogenous hormone produced by the thyroid gland. In peripheral tissues, levothyroxine is deiodinated by 5'-deiodinase to form triiodothyronine (T3). T3 enters the cell and binds to nuclear thyroid hormone receptors; the activated hormone-receptor complex in turn triggers gene expression and produces proteins required in the regulation of cellular respiration; thermogenesis; cellular growth and differentiation; and the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. T3 also exhibits cardiostimulatory effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Levothroid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Levothyroxine Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Levothyroxine Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Levothyroxine sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sodium levothyroxine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Synthroid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Levothyroxine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"36397"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079691"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"25416-65-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9J765S329G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39117"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39117"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H10I4NO4.Na.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Levothyroxine"}]}}{"C64621":{"preferredName":"Lexatumumab","code":"C64621","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It binds to a protein called TRAIL-R2 on the surface of some tumor cells, which may kill the tumor cells. HGS-ETR2 is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human monoclonal agonistic antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor-2 (TRAIL-R2) with potential antitumor activity. Mimicking the natural ligand TRAIL, lexatumumab binds to and activates TRAIL-R2, which may trigger apoptosis in and inhibit the growth of TRAIL-R2-expressing tumor cells. TRAIL-R2, also known as death receptor 5 (DR5), is a member of the TNF receptor family and is expressed on many malignant cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TRAIL Receptor 2 Monoclonal Antibody HGS-ETR2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGS-ETR2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HGS-ETR2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGS-ETR2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGS1018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEXATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lexatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HGS-ETR2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-TRAIL R2 mAb HGS-ETR2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"lexatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1721684"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"845816-02-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"967Q0SJD77"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"528015"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"528015"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lexatumumab"}]}}{"C77882":{"preferredName":"Lexibulin","code":"C77882","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule with tubulin-inhibiting, vascular-disrupting, and potential antineoplastic activities. Lexibulin inhibits tubulin polymerization in tumor blood vessel endothelial cells and tumor cells, blocking the formation of the mitotic spindle and leading to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase; this may result in disruption of the tumor vasculature and tumor blood flow, and tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-ethyl-3-(2-methoxy-4-(5-methyl-4-(((1s)-1-(pyridin-3-yl)butyl)amino)pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYT997","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEXIBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lexibulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulin Inhibitor CYT997","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703082"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"917111-44-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2GTU230HA1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598799"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598799"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H30N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tubulin_Inhibitor_CYT997"}]}}{"C1433":{"preferredName":"Liarozole","code":"C1433","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that promotes differentiation by increasing the levels of retinoic acid within the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active benzimidazole derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. As a retinoic acid metabolism blocking agent, liarozole inhibits cytochrome P450-dependent all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-4-hydroxylase, resulting in an increase in endogenous ATRA production, inhibition of cell proliferation, and induction of cell differentiation. This agent also inhibits aromatase, the enzyme that catalyzes the final, rate-limiting step in estrogen biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Benzimidazole, 5-((3-chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIAROZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Liarozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Liarozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liazal","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R 75251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-61405","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liarozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0165479"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"115575-11-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K0Q29TGV9Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H13ClN4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Liarozole"}]}}{"C1524":{"preferredName":"Liarozole Fumarate","code":"C1524","definitions":[{"description":"The orally active fumarate salt of the benzimidazole derivative liarozole with potential antineoplastic activity. As a retinoic acid metabolism blocking agent (RAMBA), liarozole inhibits cytochrome P450-dependent all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-4-hydroxylase, resulting in an increase in endogenous ATRA production, inhibition of cell proliferation, and induction of cell differentiation. This agent also inhibits aromatase, the enzyme that catalyzes the final, rate-limiting step in estrogen biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+-)-5-(m-Chloro-alpha-imidazol-1-ylbenzyl)benzimidazole Fumarate (2:3)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1H-Benzimidazole, 5-((3-chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-, (+-)-, (E)-2-butenedioate (2:3)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIAROZOLE FUMARATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Liarozole Fumarate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R85246","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0245820"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"145858-52-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"91W7VLK7J3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41252"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41252"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C17H13ClN4.3C4H4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Liarozole_Fumarate"}]}}{"C80333":{"preferredName":"Liarozole Hydrochloride","code":"C80333","definitions":[{"description":"The fumarate salt of an orally-active benzimidazole derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. As a retinoic acid metabolism blocking agent (RAMBA), liarozole inhibits cytochrome P450-dependent all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-4-hydroxylase, resulting in an increase in endogenous ATRA production, inhibition of cell proliferation, and induction of cell differentiation. This agent also inhibits aromatase, the enzyme that catalyzes the final, rate-limiting step in estrogen biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+-)-5-(m-Chloro-alpha-imidazol-1-ylbenzyl)benzimidazole Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1H-Benzimidazole, 5-((3-chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-, Monohydrochloride, (+-)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIAROZOLE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Liarozole HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liarozole Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R 75251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2697919"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"145858-50-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"29T7S2IB97"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H13ClN4.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Liarozole_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C104275":{"preferredName":"Licartin","code":"C104275","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoradioconjugate containing metuximab, an antibody fragment targeting the hepatocellular cancer (HCC)-associated antigen HAb18G/CD147, that is conjugated to the radioisotope iodine I 131, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the metuximab moiety of licartin targets and binds to HAb18G/CD147 on HCC cells; upon internalization, the radioisotope I 131 delivers a cytotoxic dose of gamma radiation, thereby causing selective destruction of HAb18G/CD147-expressing cells. HAb18G/CD147, a member of CD147 family, is overexpressed in HCC and fibroblasts and its expression is associated with cancer cell progression and increased adhesion, invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(131)I-labeled HAb18 F(ab')(2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Metuximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine[131I] Metuximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Licartin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[131I] mAb HAb18G/CD147","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1722701"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744892"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744892"}]}}{"C61436":{"preferredName":"Licorice","code":"C61436","definitions":[{"description":"A substance prepared from dried roots of the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra. It is used as a flavoring in medicines, drinks, and sweets, and it is being studied in the treatment of cancer. Licorice root extract contains several compounds that reduce inflammation, kill certain bacteria and viruses, act like estrogen and other hormones, and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of antioxidant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An herbal extract derived from the root of the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra with potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antineoplastic activities. Licorice root extract contains glycoside glycyrrhizinic acid and numerous flavonoids. Glycyrrhizinic acid in licorice root extract is hydrolyzed to glycyrrhetic acid (GA); GA inhibits 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, resulting in inhibition of the conversion of cortisol to the inactive steroid cortisone and elevated cortisol levels. In addition, GA inhibits 17,20-lyase and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, resulting in decreased conversions of 17-hydroxyprogesterone to androstenedione and androstenedione to testosterone. The primary antioxidant found in licorice root, the flavonoid glabridin, may inactivate or inhibit the activities of some cytochrome P450 enzymes. In tumor cells, beta-hydroxy-DHP, another flavonoid, may induce Bcl-2 phosphorylation, apoptosis, and G2/M cell cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glycyrrhiza","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glycyrrhizae Radix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LICORICE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Licorice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Licorice Root Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Licorice Root Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"licorice root extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0086555"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"61ZBX54883"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"471833"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"471833"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Licorice_Root_Extract"}]}}{"C116747":{"preferredName":"Lifastuzumab Vedotin","code":"C116747","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (NaPi2b), and covalently linked to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of DNIB0600A binds to NaPi2b-expressing tumor cells and is internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Proteolytic cleavage releases MMAE, which then binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. NaPi2b, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in transport of inorganic phosphate and the maintenance of phosphate homeostasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DNIB0600A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNIB0600A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIFASTUZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lifastuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lifastuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7599","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433844"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1401812-88-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7IUT83FK6S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701789"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701789"}]}}{"C79833":{"preferredName":"Light-Emitting Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus GL-ONC1","code":"C79833","definitions":[{"description":"An attenuated oncolytic vaccinia virus encoding the light-emitting fusion protein Renilla luciferase-Aequorea green fluorescent protein (RUC-GFP) with potential bioluminescent and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, light-emitting oncolytic vaccinia virus GL-ONC1 specifically enters tumor cells due to the permeable nature of the tumor vasculature. Once inside the cell, the virus replicates, resulting in tumor cell lysis and the release of mature viral particles into the tumor microenvironment. Released viral particles may then infect and destroy neighboring tumor cells. In addition, the release of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by lysed tumor cells into the bloodstream may activate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against the tumor. The expression of RUC-GFP by this agent allows for both detection and monitoring of virally infected tumor cells in vivo and vitro with luciferase-mediated bioluminescence imaging and fluorescence imaging techniques.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GL-ONC1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLV-1h68","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Light-Emitting Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus GL-ONC1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Light-Emitting Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus GL-ONC1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388438"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629379"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629379"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Light-Emitting_Oncolytic_Vaccinia_Virus_GL-ONC1"}]}}{"C137951":{"preferredName":"Light-activated AU-011","code":"C137951","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation composed of nanoparticles derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV-NPs) and conjugated to the infrared (IR)-activated fluorescent dye IR700 (IR-700), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravitreal injection, the HPV-NPs target and bind to heparan-sulfated proteoglycans (HSPG) expressed by ocular melanoma cells. Upon irradiation with near-IR (NIR) light, the photosensitizer IR700 becomes activated, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selectively damages the melanoma cell membrane, which induces necrosis of the melanoma cells while sparing the surrounding, healthy non-HSPG-expressing tissue, and potentially preserving vision. HSPGs are overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AU-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV-NP AU-011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Virus-like Particles Conjugated with IR700 Dye AU-011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Light-activated AU-011","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Light-activated AU-011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VNC AU-011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Viral Nanoparticle Conjugates AU-011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524973"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790618"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790618"}]}}{"C61714":{"preferredName":"Limonene, (+)-","code":"C61714","definitions":[{"description":"A terpene with two isoprene units forming a ring. The chemical structure is CC1=CCC(CC1)C(=C)C.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"An oral dietary supplement containing a natural cyclic monoterpene and major component of the oil extracted from citrus peels with potential chemopreventive and antitumor activities. Although the mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, limonene and its metabolites perillic acid, dihydroperillic acid, uroterpenol and limonene 1,2-diol may inhibit tumor growth through inhibition of p21-dependent signaling and may induce apoptosis via the induction of the transforming growth factor beta-signaling pathway. In addition, they inhibit post-translational modification of signal transduction proteins, resulting in G1 cell cycle arrest as well as differential expression of cell cycle- and apoptosis-related genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-(R)-4-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(+)-alpha-Limonene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(+)-limonene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(4R)-1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(4R)-1-methyl-4-prop-1-en-2-yl-cyclohexene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"(R)-(+)-limonene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(R)-1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(R)-4-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-methyl-4-isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (4R)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Limonene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIMONENE, (+)-","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Limonene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Limonene, (+)-","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Limonene, (+)-","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Limonene, D-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0950252"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7705-13-7"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5989-27-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GFD7C86Q1W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"664042"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"664042"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H16"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"D-Limonene"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15382"}]}}{"C61709":{"preferredName":"Limonene, (+/-)-","code":"C61709","definitions":[{"description":"A racemic mixture of limonene, a natural cyclic monoterpene and major component of the oil extracted from citrus rind with chemo-preventive and antitumor activities. The metabolites of DL-limonene, perillic acid, dihydroperillic acid, uroterpenol and limonene 1,2-diol are suggested to inhibit tumor growth through inhibition of p21-dependent signaling, induce apoptosis via the induction of the transforming growth factor beta-signaling pathway, inhibit post-translational modification of signal transduction proteins, result in G1 cell cycle arrest as well as cause differential expression of cell cycle- and apoptosis-related genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+/-)-1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-methyl-4-prop-1-en-2-yl-cyclohexene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cajeputene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cinene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DL-Limonene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dipentene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eulimen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIMONENE, (+/-)-","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Limonene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Limonene, (+/-)-","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nesol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"21446"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"844"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880232"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"138-86-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9MC3I34447"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H16"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"DL-Limonene"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15384"}]}}{"C71759":{"preferredName":"Linifanib","code":"C71759","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. ABT-869 blocks the action of several growth factors. It may also block the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of angiogensis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Linifanib inhibits members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor families; it exhibits much less activity against unrelated RTKs, soluble tyrosine kinases, or serine/threonine kinases. This agent does not have a general antiproliferative effect due to its high dose requirement. However, linifanib may exhibit potent antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on tumor cells whose proliferation is dependent on mutant kinases, such as FMS-related tyrosine kinase receptor-3 (FLT3).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-869","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ABT-869","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LINIFANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Linifanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Linifanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor ABT-869","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4048786"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"796967-16-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CO93X137CW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558913"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558913"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H18FN5O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Receptor_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_ABT-869"}]}}{"C101792":{"preferredName":"Linoleyl Carbonate-Paclitaxel","code":"C101792","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of the 6-omega fatty acid derivative 2'-linoleyl carbonate (LOC) conjugated to paclitaxel, a taxane compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia, with potential antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby interfering with the dynamics of microtubule assembly/disassembly and resulting in the inhibition of cell division. LOC enhances the uptake of paclitaxel by tumor cells, thereby concentrating this agent in tumor cells compared to normal cells, and may decrease its toxicity profile; fatty acids serve as energy sources and biochemical precursors for the fast growing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Linoleyl Carbonate-paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOC-paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Linoleyl Carbonate-Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Linoleyl Carbonate-paclitaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435910"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733643"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733643"}]}}{"C141135":{"preferredName":"Linrodostat","code":"C141135","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, linrodostat specifically targets and binds to IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, BMS-986205 restores and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymphocytes, and causes a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the IDO1-expressing tumor cells, thereby inhibiting the growth of IDO1-expressing tumor cells. IDO1, overexpressed by multiple tumor cell types, plays an important role in immunosuppression. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and subsequently suppresses the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-((1S,4S)-4-(6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)cyclohexyl)propenamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDO-1 Inhibitor BMS-986205","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-Dioxygenase Inhibitor BMS-986205","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LINRODOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Linrodostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Linrodostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO-7701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539187"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1923833-60-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0A7729F42K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791293"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791293"}]}}{"C70982":{"preferredName":"Linsitinib","code":"C70982","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks a protein called IGF-1R, which is found at high levels in some types of tumors. IGF-1R is needed for cell growth and blocking it may cause tumor cells to die. IGF-1R inhibitor OSI-906 is a type of IGF-1R inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Linsitinib selectively inhibits IGF-1R, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, IGF-1R stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cyclobutanol, 3-[8-amino-1-(2-phenyl-7-quinolinyl)imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazin-3-yl]-1-methyl, cis-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGF-1R inhibitor OSI-906","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LINSITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Linsitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Linsitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-906","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"OSI-906","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-906AA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-3-(8-Amino-1-(2-Phenylquinolin-7-yl)Imidazo(1,5-A)Pyrazin-3-yl)-1-Methylcyclobutanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346449"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"867160-71-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"15A52GPT8T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"566191"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"566191"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H23N5O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"IGF-1R_Inhibitor_OSI-906"}]}}{"C1716":{"preferredName":"Lintuzumab","code":"C1716","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes and some types of leukemia. It binds to CD33, a protein on the surface of certain normal blood stem cells and some abnormal blood cells. It causes the immune system to kill these cells. Lintuzumab is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized recombinant monoclonal antibody directed against CD33, a cell surface antigen found on myeloid leukemia blasts and early hematopoietic progenitor cells. Lintuzumab stimulates antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells expressing CD33, resulting in a decrease in tumor burden. The humanized version of this monoclonal antibody exhibits less immunogenicity and improved binding affinity compared to its murine counterpart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hu-M195 monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuG1-M195 monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized M195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LINTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lintuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lintuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb HuG1-M195","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb HuM195","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MoAb HuM195","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuG1-M195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuM195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-33","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMART M195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zamyl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lintuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody HuM195 HuG1-M195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0530093"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"166089-32-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V00Y10W60W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42049"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42049"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_HuG1-M195"}]}}{"C2396":{"preferredName":"Liothyronine I-131","code":"C2396","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate of synthetic active thyroid hormone, liothyronine (T3), labeled with Iodine 131. Liothyronine involves many important metabolic functions and is essential to the proper development and differentiation of all cells. I131 liothyronine may be used in radiotherapy in thyroid cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 131 Liothyronine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIOTHYRONINE I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Liothyronine I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338103"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"20196-64-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"86AZ0G22V2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39721"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39721"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H12I3NO4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"I_131_Liothyronine"}]}}{"C2581":{"preferredName":"Liothyronine Sodium","code":"C2581","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat certain thyroid (a gland located near the voice box) conditions. It is also being studied in the treatment of thyroid cancer. Cytomel is made in the laboratory and is a form of the thyroid hormone triiodthyronine (T3).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt form of liothyronine, a synthetic form of the levorotatory isomer of the naturally occurring thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3). Liothyronine sodium binds to nuclear thyroid receptors which then bind to thyroid hormone response elements of target genes. As a result, liothyronine sodium induces gene expression that is required for normal growth and development. Liothyronine sodium is more potent and has a more rapid action than thyroxine (T4).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cytomel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cytomel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIOTHYRONINE SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Liothyronine Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liothyronine Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Triostat","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liothyronine sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0546882"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"55-06-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GCA9VV7D2N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43629"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43629"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H11I3NO4.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Liothyronine_Sodium"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6484"}]}}{"C116889":{"preferredName":"Lipid Encapsulated Anti-PLK1 siRNA TKM-PLK1","code":"C116889","definitions":[{"description":"short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1, STPK13), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of lipid-encapsulated anti-PLK1 siRNA TKM-PLK1, siRNA binds to PLK1 mRNA, which results in the inhibition of both the translation and expression of the PLK1 protein. Blockage of PLK1 expression prevents proper tumor cell mitosis, causes cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. This inhibits the proliferation of PLK1-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine kinase crucial in the regulation of mitosis; its expression is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. The pegylated lipid bilayer of SNALP provides stability and protects siRNA degradation; it facilitates uptake into the cell and release from endosomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipid Encapsulated Anti-PLK1 siRNA TKM-PLK1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lipid Encapsulated Anti-PLK1 siRNA TKM-PLK1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLK1 SNALP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLK1424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TKM-080301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TKM-PLK1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433763"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691765"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691765"}]}}{"C142137":{"preferredName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated OX40L mRNA-2416","code":"C142137","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary formulation consisting of a lipid nanoparticle encapsulating a synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the human co-stimulatory protein tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4; OX40 Ligand; OX40L), with potential immunomodulatory and antitumor activities. Although the mechanism of action has not been completely characterized, following intratumoral injection of lipid nanoparticle encapsulated OX40L mRNA-2416, the lipid nanoparticle moiety presumably binds to the plasma membrane of nearby cells and releases the OX40L mRNA into the cell. The OX40L mRNA is then translated by the cellular protein translation machinery to produce OX40L protein, which is then expressed on the plasma membrane of the cells that internalized the OX40L mRNA. OX40L binds to and activates signaling pathways downstream of its cognate receptor tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4; OX40), which is expressed on activated T-cells. OX40L/OX40 binding promotes increased cytokine production, which can induce proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes. Altogether, this may enhance an immune response that promotes the killing of nearby tumor cells. OX40L, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family, provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated OX40L mRNA-2416","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated OX40L mRNA-2416","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated mRNA Encoding Human OX40L","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA 2416","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-2416","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540181"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791451"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791451"}]}}{"C160867":{"preferredName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated mRNAs Encoding Human IL-12A/IL-12B MEDI-1191","code":"C160867","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation consisting of lipid nanoparticle encapsulated messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding human interleukin-12 subunit beta (IL-12B; IL-12 subunit p40) and interleukin-12 subunit alpha (IL-12A; IL-12 subunit p35) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action has not been completely characterized, upon intratumoral injection, the lipid nanoparticle moiety presumably binds to the plasma membrane of nearby cells and releases the IL-12A and IL-12B mRNA into the cell. The mRNA is then translated by the cellular protein translation machinery to produce a single-chain fusion protein of IL-12B and IL-12A subunits, which is secreted into the local tumor microenvironment (TME). Secretion of IL-12 activates the immune system by promoting the secretion of interferon-gamma, activating natural killer cells (NKs), and inducing cytotoxic T-cell responses, which may result in both decreased tumor cell proliferation and enhanced immune-mediated destruction of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LNP Encapsulated Human IL-12A/IL-12B mRNAs MEDI-1191","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated mRNAs Encoding Human IL-12A/IL-12B MEDI-1191","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated mRNAs Encoding Human IL-12A/IL-12B MEDI-1191","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-1191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI1191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798427"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798427"}]}}{"C157247":{"preferredName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating mRNAs Encoding Human OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNA-2752","code":"C157247","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid nanoparticle encapsulating mRNAs encoding for the human co-stimulatory protein tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4; OX40 Ligand; OX40L), the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-23 (IL-23) and interleukin-36gamma (IL-36gamma), with potential immunomodulatory and anti-tumor activities. Upon intratumoral (IT) injection of the lipid nanoparticle encapsulated mRNAs encoding human OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNA-2752, the lipid nanoparticle binds to the plasma membrane of cells and releases the mRNAs into the cell. The OX40L mRNA is then translated by the cellular protein translation machinery to produce OX40L protein, which is then expressed on the plasma membrane of the cells that internalized the OX40L mRNA. OX40L binds to and activates signaling pathways downstream of its cognate receptor tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4; OX40), which is expressed on activated T-cells. OX40L/OX40 binding promotes increased cytokine production, which can induce proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes against the nearby tumor cells. The co-administration of IL-23 and IL-36gamma further stimulates anti-tumor immune responses. Altogether, this may enhance T-cell mediated anti-tumor immune responses thereby killing of the tumor cells. OX40L, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand superfamily, provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells. IL-36gamma activates innate immune cells and promotes T-helper 1 (Th1) responses, whereas IL-23 has been implicated in Th1/Th17 immunity as well as in the modulation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNAs mRNA-2752","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated mRNAs Encoding Human OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNA-2752","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating mRNAs Encoding Human OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNA-2752","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating mRNAs Encoding Human OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNA-2752","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA 2752","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-2752","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA2752","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936882"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796816"}]}}{"C116322":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Curcumin","code":"C116322","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation containing curcumin, a poorly water-soluble polylphenol pigment isolated from the plant Curcuma longa, with potential antineoplastic, chemopreventive, antioxidant, anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon intravenous administration of liposomal curcumin, this agent blocks the formation of reactive-oxygen species, neutralizes free radicals, and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties as a result of inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COX) and other enzymes involved in inflammation. In addition, curcumin disrupts various cell signal transduction pathways involved in carcinogenesis, inhibits the activity of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), SRC, and annexin A2 (ANXA2), and reduces the expression of both matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2). This prevents and/or inhibits tumor cell formation and proliferation. Liposome encapsulation of curcumin improves its efficacy, when compared to the administration of unencapsulated curcumin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Curcumin Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Curcumin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473656"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761276"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761276"}]}}{"C2388":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Cytarabine","code":"C2388","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the anticancer drug cytarabine that is contained inside very tiny, fat-like particles. It may have fewer side effects and work better than cytarabine. It is used to treat lymphoma that has spread to the meninges (three thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord). It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A liposomal intrathecal formulation of the antimetabolite cytarabine. As an S-phase-specific antimetabolite, cytarabine is phosphorylated by deoxycytidine kinase to a triphosphate form which competes with thymidine for incorporation into DNA; the incorporation of cytarabine triphosphate into DNA appears to inhibit DNA polymerase and so DNA synthesis, resulting in cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cytarabine Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTC 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Cyt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DepoCyt","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DepoCyte","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DepoFoam Encapsulated Cytarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Encapsulated Cytarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Cytarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposomal Cytarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal cytarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"cytarabine liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"liposomal cytarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"715320"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0795597"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Lymphomatous meningitis"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42260"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42260"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Liposomal_Cytarabine"}]}}{"C2213":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Daunorubicin Citrate","code":"C2213","definitions":[{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated form of the citrate salt of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunorubicin. Daunorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. Liposomal delivery of doxorubicin citrate improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of therapeutic drug effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DaunoXome","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin Citrate Liposome Injection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin Liposomal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Daunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Daunorubicin Citrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposomal Daunorubicin Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"697732"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0717668"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia; Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia; Advanced HIV-associated Karposi Sarcoma."},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37796"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37796"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Liposomal_Daunorubicin_Citrate"}]}}{"C92581":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Docetaxel","code":"C92581","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of the poorly soluble, semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane docetaxel encapsulated within liposomes, with antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, docetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This liposomal formulation solubilizes docetaxel without the use of toxic solvents such as Tween 80, permitting the administration of larger doses of docetaxel while avoiding solvent-associated toxicity, including hypersensitivity reactions. In addition, liposomal delivery of docetaxel improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of therapeutic drug effects while lowering the toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LE-DT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Docetaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposomal Docetaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome Entrapped Docetaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL423830"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684963"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684963"}]}}{"C111899":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Eribulin Mesylate","code":"C111899","definitions":[{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated formulation of the mesylate salt form of eribulin, a synthetic, macrocyclic ketone analogue of halichondrin B, a substance derived from the marine sponge genus Halichondria, with potential antineoplastic activity. Eribulin binds to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibits both the polymerization of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules. This results in the inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, the induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, as well as tumor cell apoptosis. Compared to the administration of eribulin alone, liposomal delivery of eribulin allows for a longer half-life, which allows increased drug concentration in target tissues while decreasing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E7389 Liposomal Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7389-LF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Eribulin Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454231"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753504"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753504"}]}}{"C111688":{"preferredName":"Liposomal HPV-16 E6/E7 Multipeptide Vaccine PDS0101","code":"C111688","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal nanoparticle-based therapeutic vaccine composed of the cationic lipid R-DOTAP (R-enantiomer of 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane chloride) encapsulating six human papillomavirus 16 (HPV-16) E6 and E7 peptides, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon subcutaneous administration of the liposomal HPV-16 E6 and E7 multipeptide vaccine, the nanoparticles are taken up by antigen presenting cells (APCs), specifically dendritic cells (DCs), which may stimulate the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response (CTL) against HPV-16 E6 and E7-expressing tumor cells. HPV-16 E6 and E7 are oncoproteins that play a key role in the tumorigenesis of a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposomal HPV-16 E6/E7 Multipeptide Vaccine PDS0101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposomal HPV-16 E6/E7 Multipeptide Vaccine PDS0101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDS0101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mmunoMAPK-RDOTAP /HPV-16 E6/E7 Peptide Antigen Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454078"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752827"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752827"}]}}{"C82676":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Irinotecan","code":"C82676","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation of the semisynthetic camptothecin analogue irinotecan with potential antineoplastic activity. During the S phase of the cell cycle, irinotecan selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing lethal double-strand DNA breaks when complexes are encountered by the DNA replication machinery. Liposome encapsulation of this agent promotes efficient drug delivery into the cytosol from the endosome compartment of the cell.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Irinotecan Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Irinotecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposomal Irinotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-398","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoliposomal Irinotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Liposome Formulation of Irinotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onivyde","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nal-IRI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4057931"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632436"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632436"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Liposome-Encapsulated_Irinotecan_Hydrochloride_PEP02"}]}}{"C101262":{"preferredName":"Liposomal MUC1/PET-lipid A Vaccine ONT-10","code":"C101262","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a 43 amino acid epitope from glycoprotein MUC1 (mucin 1) and the synthetic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) agonist PET lipid A encapsulated in cholesterol/dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)/dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DMPG) liposomes, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The MUC1 epitope is composed of two 20 amino glycosylated VNTR (various number tandem repeats) from human MUC1A and including 6 glycosylated sites modified by Tn (alfa-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine). Immunization of liposomal MUC1/PET-lipid A vaccine ONT-10 results in an antibody as well as a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against hypoglycosylated MUC1 expressing tumor cells. The tumor associated antigen MUC1, a type I transmembrane protein, is overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated in a variety of tumor cells. As a vaccine adjuvant, PET lipid A, also known as penta erythritol lipid A, stimulates both cellular and humoral responses to the vaccine antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposomal MUC1/PET-lipid A Vaccine ONT-10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONT-10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435510"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729635"}]}}{"C116064":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride","code":"C116064","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the anthracenedione antibiotic mitoxantrone encapsulated within liposomes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, mitoxantrone intercalates into and forms crosslinks with DNA, thereby disrupting DNA and RNA replication. This agent also binds to topoisomerase II, which both results in DNA strand breaks and prevents DNA synthesis. This leads to the induction of apoptosis in the rapidly dividing cancer cells. The liposomal delivery of mitoxantrone improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing drug circulation and therapeutic efficacy while lowering the toxic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposomal Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473483"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760808"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760808"}]}}{"C1383":{"preferredName":"Liposomal NDDP","code":"C1383","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic liposomal formulation of bis-neodecanoate diaminocyclohexane platinum (NDDP), a third-generation platinum complex analogue of cisplatin, with potential antineoplastic activity. After displacement of the 2 long-chain aliphatic leaving groups (neodecanoic acid), platinum diaminocyclohexane (DACH) complexes become highly reactive and alkylate macromolecules, forming both inter- and intra-stranded DNA cross-linkings and inhibiting DNA synthesis, which results in tumor cell cytotoxicity. Because DNA mismatch-repair (MMR) complexes do not recognize DACH-platinum adducts, DNA repair mechanisms are inhibited, overcoming limitations observed with other platinum-based agents. In addition, the liposomal encapsulation improves the bioavailability of NDDP and reduces its toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aroplatin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-NDDP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal NDDP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Neodecanoic Acid Platinum Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal-Cisplatin Analogue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal-Entrapped Cis-Bis-Neodecanoate-trans-R,R-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane Platinum (II)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0125061"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"114488-24-3"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43010"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43010"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Liposomal-Cisplatin_Analogue"}]}}{"C107679":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Rhenium Re 186","code":"C107679","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic preparation consisting of the beta-emitting radioisotope rhenium Re 186 encapsulated in a nanoliposome, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral infusion of liposomal rhenium Re 186, the radioisotope releases radiation, which directly kills the tumor cells. The nanoliposomes facilitate the retention of the radioisotope by the tumor cells and localize the radiocytotoxicity to the tumor while sparing surrounding normal, healthy cells. Re-186 has a short half-life and a short path length, which contributes further to limiting the radiotoxicity to the tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(186)Re-Liposomes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"186RNL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Rhenium Re 186","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Rhenium-186","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium-186 Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL451869"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751420"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751420"}]}}{"C95717":{"preferredName":"Liposomal SN-38","code":"C95717","definitions":[{"description":"The liposomal formulation of SN-38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin), a biologically active metabolite of the prodrug irinotecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. SN-38 binds to and inhibits topoisomerase I by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication, and apoptosis. SN-38 has been reported to exhibit up to 1,000-fold more cytotoxic activity against various cancer cells in vitro than irinotecan. The liposomal formulation of SN-38 increases the solubility of SN-38, which is a relatively insoluble compound, and improves the pharmacodynamic profile as compared to SN-38 alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LE-SN38","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal SN-38","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN-38 Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328201"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355805"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355805"}]}}{"C165505":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Topotecan FF-10850","code":"C165505","definitions":[{"description":"A liposome encapsulated formulation of the semisynthetic camptothecin analogue topotecan with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, liposomal topotecan FF-10850 preferentially releases topotecan, a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminate, into the tumor environment. Topotecan inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S phase of the cell cycle, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. The novel liposome used in this agent prolongs its serum half-life while promoting efficient drug delivery into the cytosol from the endosome compartment of the tumor cell, which may minimize the adverse effect of bone marrow suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FF 10850","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF-10850","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF10850","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Topotecan FF-10850","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposomal Topotecan FF-10850","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C62790":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Vinorelbine","code":"C62790","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of the semisynthetic vinca alkaloid, vinorelbine, encapsulated within liposomes, with antineoplastic activity. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin and prevents formation of the mitotic spindle, resulting in cell cycle arrest in metaphase. Like other vinca alkaloids, vinorelbine may also interfere with the metabolism of nucleic acids, lipids, amino acids, cAMP, and glutathione, as well as other biological processes including calmodulin-dependent Ca2+-transport, ATPase activity, or cellular respiration. Liposomal delivery of vinorelbine improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of therapeutic effects while lowering the toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposomal Vinorelbine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831959"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"507579"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"507579"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Liposomal_Vinorelbine"}]}}{"C135619":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Vinorelbine Tartrate","code":"C135619","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of the tartrate salt form of vinorelbine, a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid, encapsulated within liposomes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, vinorelbine binds to tubulin within tumor cells and prevents the formation of the mitotic spindle, resulting in cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis and an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Compared to the administration of vinorelbine alone, the liposomal formulation improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing vinorelbine's efficacy while lowering the toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposomal Vinorelbine Tartrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposomal Vinorelbine Tartrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLC-178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLC178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522975"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789502"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789502"}]}}{"C95718":{"preferredName":"Liposomal c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide","code":"C95718","definitions":[{"description":"The liposomal formulation of a c-raf-1 antisense oligonucleotide, with potential antineoplastic activity. Liposomal c-raf antisense oligonucleotide targets the translation initiation site of human c-raf-1 mRNA, thereby blocking the expression and production of Raf-1 protein and thus inhibit tumor cell growth and development. Raf-1 plays a key role in the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, which regulates mammalian cell proliferation and growth. The liposomal formulation increases the solubility of the c-raf antisense oligonucleotide, thus improving its pharmacodynamic profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LErafAON","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-raf Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liposome-encapsulated c-raf Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1436330"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"419645"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"419645"}]}}{"C61317":{"preferredName":"Liposome-Encapsulated Doxorubicin Citrate","code":"C61317","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the anticancer drug doxorubicin citrate that is contained inside very tiny, fat-like particles. It is being studied in the treatment of breast cancer that has spread and in the treatment of other types of cancer. Doxorubicin citrate damages DNA and may kill cancer cells. Liposomal-encapsulated doxorubicin citrate may have fewer side effects and may work better than doxorubicin citrate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A formulation of the citrate salt of the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, encapsulated within liposomes, with antitumor activity. Doxorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis. This agent also interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. Liposomal delivery of doxorubicin improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of therapeutic drug effects while lowering the toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposome-Encapsulated Doxorubicin Citrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposome-Encapsulated Doxorubicin Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myocet","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512062"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481301"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481301"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Liposome-Encapsulated_Doxorubicin_Citrate"}]}}{"C67504":{"preferredName":"Liposome-encapsulated Daunorubicin-Cytarabine","code":"C67504","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation containing a fixed combination of the antineoplastic agents cytarabine and daunorubicin in a 5:1 molar ratio. Liposome-encapsulated daunorubicin-cytarabine has been designed to provide optimal delivery of a specific ratio of cytarabine to daunorubicin, one that has been shown to be synergistic in vitro. The antimetabolite cytarabine competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA, inhibiting DNA synthesis. This agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, resulting in a decrease in DNA replication and repair. Daunorubicin, an intercalator and a topoisomerase II inhibitor, prevents DNA replication and inhibits protein synthesis. This agent also generates oxygen free radicals, resulting in the cytotoxic lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPX-351","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytarabine-Daunorubicin Liposome for Injection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal AraC-Daunorubicin CPX-351","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Cytarabine-Daunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated Combination of Daunorubicin and Cytarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated Daunorubicin-Cytarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated Daunorubicin-Cytarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vyxeos","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL372099"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"554979"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"554979"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Liposomal_Cytarabine-Daunorubicin_CPX-351"}]}}{"C38694":{"preferredName":"Liposome-encapsulated OSI-7904","code":"C38694","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called thymidylate synthase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated formulation of the benzoquinazoline folate analog OSI-7904 with antineoplastic activity. As a thymidylate synthase inhibitor, OSI-7904 noncompetitively binds to thymidylate synthase, resulting in inhibition of thymine nucleotide synthesis and DNA replication. Liposome encapsulation improves the efficacy and increases the half-life of OSI-7904. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GS7904L","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated OSI-7904","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-7904L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"OSI-7904L","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328144"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352016"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352016"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"OSI-7904L"}]}}{"C106271":{"preferredName":"Liposome-encapsulated RB94 Plasmid DNA Gene Therapy Agent SGT-94","code":"C106271","definitions":[{"description":"A systemic gene therapy anti-cancer agent composed of cationic liposomes, which encapsulates plasmid DNA encoding for the tumor suppressor gene RB94 and is complexed with anti-transferrin receptor single chain antibody fragment (TfRscFv), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon systemic administration of liposome-encapsulated RB94 plasmid DNA gene therapy agent SGT-94, the TfRscFv portion of this agent selectively targets the tumor cells expressing transferrin receptors. TfRscFv binding to the transferrin receptor allows receptor-mediated endocytosis and transfection, followed by the expression of RB94 gene. This induces tumor cell apoptosis through an as of yet unknown pathway. RB94 is a modified, N-terminal truncated form of the full-length protein retinoblastoma gene RB110, and exerts enhanced antitumor activity. The transferrin receptor (TfR) functions in cellular iron uptake through its interaction with transferrin, and is overexpressed in a variety of tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated RB94 Plasmid DNA Gene Therapy Agent SGT-94","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated RB94 Plasmid DNA Gene Therapy Agent SGT-94","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGT-94","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TfRscFv/Lip/RB94","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433963"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724243"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724243"}]}}{"C105802":{"preferredName":"Liposome-encapsulated miR-34 Mimic MRX34","code":"C105802","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation containing a nucleotide that mimics the human tumor suppressor microRNA (miRNA) miR-34, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, liposome-encapsulated MRX34 mimics miR-34 by inhibiting the expression of a variety of oncogenes including MYC, MET, BCL2, and beta-catenin. This induces cell cycle arrest, senescence and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. miR-34 is downregulated in most solid and hematologic malignancies and regulates the expression of a variety of genes. This miRNA plays an important role in the inhibition of cancer cell stemness, metastasis and cancer cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated miR-34 Mimic MRX34","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated miR-34 Mimic MRX34","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRX34","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447293"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747643"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747643"}]}}{"C103820":{"preferredName":"Lirilumab","code":"C103820","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody against killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lirilumab binds to KIR, thereby preventing the binding of KIR ligands to KIR on natural killer (NK) cells. By blocking these inhibitory receptors, NK cells become activated and attack cancer cells leading to tumor cell death. KIR, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is expressed on the surface of NK cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-986015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH2102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIRILUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lirilumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lirilumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438303"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1000676-41-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S9XDI9W918"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742530"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742530"}]}}{"C97664":{"preferredName":"Lisavanbulin","code":"C97664","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, highly water-soluble lysine prodrug of the synthetic small molecule BAL27862 with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration of lisavanbulin and conversion into the active form BAL27862, this agent binds to tubulin at a site distinct from the vinca-alkaloid-binding site, and prevents tubulin polymerization and destabilizes microtubules, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest, blockage of cell division and an induction of cell death in cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S)-2,6-Diamino-N-(4-(2-(2-(4-((2-cyanoethyl)amino)-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)acetyl)phenyl)hexanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAL-101553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAL101553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LISAVANBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lisavanbulin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lisavanbulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273554"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1263384-43-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5PT0QP06X5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"706747"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"706747"}]}}{"C125192":{"preferredName":"Lisocabtagene Maraleucel","code":"C125192","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of a defined ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, lisocabtagene maraleucel is directed to and induces selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. Devoid of both ligand binding domains and tyrosine kinase activity, the expressed EGFRt both facilitates in vivo detection of the administered, transduced T-cells and can promote elimination of those cells through a cetuximab-induced antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response. The 4-1BB costimulatory signaling domain enhances both proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19-CAR Genetically Engineered Autologous T Lymphocytes JCAR017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19-CAR Genetically Engineered Autologous T-lymphocytes JCAR017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19-EGFRt-4-1BB-zeta-modified CAR CD8+ and CD4+ T-lymphocytes JCAR017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCAR 017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCAR017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LISOCABTAGENE MARALEUCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lisocabtagene Maraleucel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lisocabtagene Maraleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504006"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7K2YOJ14X0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778386"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778386"}]}}{"C120103":{"preferredName":"Listeria monocytogenes-LLO-PSA Vaccine ADXS31-142","code":"C120103","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing a live-attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding a fusion protein composed of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific antigen (PSA) fused to a fragment of the immunostimulant listeriolysin O (LLO) protein, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the Lm-LLO-PSA vaccine ADXS31-142, the expressed LLO-PSA is processed by antigen presenting cells (APCs), presented to the immune system by both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II molecules, and activates the immune system to exert both an innate and adaptive immune response involving the recruitment and activation of T-lymphocytes against PSA-expressing tumor cells as well as the inhibition of tumor-infiltrating T regulatory cells (T regs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). This eventually results in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADXS-PSA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADXS31-142","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Listeria monocytogenes-LLO-PSA Vaccine ADXS31-142","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Listeria monocytogenes-LLO-PSA Vaccine ADXS31-142","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lm-LLO-PSA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896925"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767990"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767990"}]}}{"C88328":{"preferredName":"Litronesib","code":"C88328","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the kinesin-related motor protein Eg5 with potential antineoplastic activity. Litronesib selectively inhibits the activity of Eg5, which may result in mitotic disruption, apoptosis and consequently cell death in tumor cells that are actively dividing. The ATP-dependent Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein (also known as KIF11 or kinesin spindle protein-5) is a plus-end directed kinesin motor protein that plays an essential role during mitosis, particularly in the regulation of spindle dynamics, including assembly and maintenance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KF89617","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LITRONESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY2523355","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Litronesib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Litronesib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanamide, N-[4-(2,2-dimethyl-1-oxopropyl)-5-[[[[2-(ethylamino)ethyl]sulfonyl] amino]methyl]-4,5-dihydro-5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethyl-, (-)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981845"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"910634-41-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6611F8KYCV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661443"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661443"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H37N5O4S2"}]}}{"C74055":{"preferredName":"Live-Attenuated Listeria Encoding Human Mesothelin Vaccine CRS-207","code":"C74055","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant Listeria-based cancer vaccine containing a live-attenuated strain of the facultative intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) expressing human mesothelin with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of this vaccine, Listeria invade professional phagocytes within the immune system and express mesothelin, which may activate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against mesothelin-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. In addition, the Listeria vector itself may induce a potent innate and adaptive immunity unrelated to mesothelin expression. Mesothelin is a cell surface glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion and is overexpressed in many epithelial-derived cancers, including pancreatic, ovarian and lung cancers, and malignant mesotheliomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRS-207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LADD Listeria monocytogenes CRS-207","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Live-Attenuated Listeria Encoding Human Mesothelin Vaccine CRS-207","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Live-Attenuated Listeria Encoding Human Mesothelin Vaccine CRS-207","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383482"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586104"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586104"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Live-Attenuated_Listeria_Encoding_Human_Mesothelin_Vaccine_CRS-207"}]}}{"C125631":{"preferredName":"Opolimogene Capmilisbac","code":"C125631","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, live-attenuated, double-deleted (LADD) strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding multiple, as of yet undisclosed, tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, opolimogene capmilisbac is taken up by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). The TAAs are subsequently expressed by the APCs and then processed and presented to the immune system by both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules. This activates the immune system and leads to the recruitment and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) against the TAA-expressing tumor cells, eventually resulting in tumor cell lysis. Two genes contributing to the virulence of Lm have been removed to minimize the risk of infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADU-741","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-64041809","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-809","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OPOLIMOGENE CAPMILISBAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Opolimogene Capmilisbac","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Opolimogene Capmilisbac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504330"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2O95SM11L5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778079"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778079"}]}}{"C111998":{"preferredName":"Live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes-encoding EGFRvIII-NY-ESO-1 Vaccine ADU-623","code":"C111998","definitions":[{"description":"A live-attenuated, double-deleted strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding a mutant form of the tumor associated antigens, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRvIII) and the cancer/testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes encoding EGFRvIII-NY-ESO-1 vaccine targets dendritic cells and expresses EGFRvIII and NY-ESO-1. This promotes both a potent innate immune response and an adaptive immune response involving the recruitment and activation of T lymphocytes against EGFRvIII and NY-ESO-1-expressing tumor cells, which results in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADU-623","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes-encoding EGFRvIII-NY-ESO-1 Vaccine ADU-623","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454287"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754227"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754227"}]}}{"C131910":{"preferredName":"Liver X Receptor beta Agonist RGX-104","code":"C131910","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable agonist of the nuclear receptor liver X receptor beta (LXRbeta; NR1H2; LXR-b), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, LXRbeta agonist RGX-104 selectively targets and binds to LXRbeta, thereby activating LXRbeta-mediated signaling, leading to the transcription of certain tumor suppressor genes and the downregulation of certain tumor promoter genes. This particularly activates the expression of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), a tumor suppressor protein, in tumor cells and certain immune cells. This activates the innate immune system, resulting in depletion of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor cells and endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment. This reverses immune evasion, enhances anti-tumor immune responses and inhibits proliferation of tumor cells. LXRbeta, a member of the oxysterol receptor family, which is in the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors, plays a key role in cholesterol transport, glucose metabolism and the modulation of inflammatory responses; activation of LXRbeta suppresses tumor cell invasion, angiogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis in a variety of tumor cell types. The expression of the ApoE protein becomes silenced in human cancers as they grow, become invasive, and metastasize; ApoE silencing is related to reduced survival in cancer patients. The LXR-ApoE pathway regulates the ability of cancers to evade the immune system and recruit blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LXR-b Agonist RGX-104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver X Receptor beta Agonist RGX-104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RGX 104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RGX-104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RGX104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520758"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786379"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786379"}]}}{"C148380":{"preferredName":"Lm-tLLO-neoantigens Vaccine ADXS-NEO","code":"C148380","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, personalized plasmid DNA-based cancer vaccine composed of a live-attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) carrying a proprietary plasmid vector encoding multiple, patient-specific, immunogenic neoepitopes fused to a truncated form of the immunostimulant listeriolysin O (tLLO), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the Lm-tLLO-neoantigens vaccine ADXS-NEO, the ADXS-NEO is taken up by antigen presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs), and the expressed tLLO-neoantigens fusion protein is processed and presented to the immune system by both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II molecules. This activates the immune system to exert both innate and adaptive immune responses involving the recruitment and activation of T-lymphocytes against the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) specifically expressed by the patient's tumor cells, and inhibits the immunosuppressive tumor-infiltrating T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This results in tumor cell lysis. The various unique mutation-derived TAAs that are used in ADXS-NEO are identified from a biopsy of the patient's tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADXS NEO","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADXS-NEO","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lm-tLLO-neoantigens Vaccine ADXS-NEO","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lm-tLLO-neoantigens Vaccine ADXS-NEO","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoepitope-based Immunotherapeutic ADXS-NEO","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551029"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793901"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793901"}]}}{"C121541":{"preferredName":"LmddA-LLO-chHER2 Fusion Protein-secreting Live-attenuated Listeria Cancer Vaccine ADXS31-164","code":"C121541","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing a live, highly attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (LmddA) encoding a fusion protein composed of a chimeric peptide comprised of three highly immunogenic epitopes of the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HER2/neu (chHER2) fused to a non-hemolytic fragment of the immunostimulant listeriolysin O (LLO) protein, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the LmddA-LLO-chHER2 vaccine ADXS31-142, the LmddA is taken up by phagocytic cells; then the listeriolysin portion of the expressed LLO-chHER2 can form pores in the phagolysosomes and the fusion protein can escape into the cytosol. In turn, the LLO-chHER2 is processed and presented to the immune system by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I on the phagocytic cells. Antigen presentation activates the immune system to exert an immune response involving the recruitment and activation of T-lymphocytes against HER2-expressing tumor cells, and inhibits tumor-infiltrating T regulatory cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). This eventually results in tumor cell lysis. HER2/neu, a tyrosine kinase receptor belonging to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, is overexpressed in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADXS31-164","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LmddA-LLO-chHER2 Fusion Protein-secreting Live-attenuated Listeria Cancer Vaccine ADXS31-164","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LmddA-LLO-chHER2 Fusion Protein-secreting Live-attenuated Listeria Cancer Vaccine ADXS31-164","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053682"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770190"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770190"}]}}{"C1434":{"preferredName":"Lobaplatin","code":"C1434","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that contains the metal platinum and may kill cancer cells by damaging their DNA and stopping them from dividing. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A third-generation, water-soluble platinum compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Lobaplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes that bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC- and AG-rich sites in DNA, inducing intrastrand DNA cross-links. These cross-links will ultimately result in induction of apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Compared to first and second generation platinum compounds, lobaplatin appears to be more stable, less toxic, have a better therapeutic index and may overcome tumor resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-diammino-methy lcyclobutane-platinum (II) lactate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-19466","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOBAPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lobaplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lobaplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"21034513"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0165747"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"135558-11-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OX5XK1JD8C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41669"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41669"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H14N2.C3H4O3.Pt"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lobaplatin"}]}}{"C979":{"preferredName":"Lometrexol","code":"C979","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antifolates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A folate analog antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. As the 6R diastereomer of 5,10-dideazatetrahydrofolate, lometrexol inhibits glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT), the enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the de novo purine biosynthetic pathway, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis, arresting cells in the S phase of the cell cycle, and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. The agent has been shown to be active against tumors that are resistant to the folate antagonist methotrexate. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6R)-DDATHF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6R-5,10-Dideazatetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Glutamic acid, N-(4-(2-((6R)-2-amino-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4-oxopyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-6-yl)ethyl)benzoyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Glutamic acid, N-(4-(2-(2-amino-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4-oxopyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-6-yl)ethyl)benzoyl)-, (R)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOMETREXOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lometrexol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lometrexol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine, L-glutamic acid derivative (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lometrexol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"660025"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048852"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"106400-81-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6P3AVY8A7Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41670"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41670"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H25N5O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lometrexol"}]}}{"C90623":{"preferredName":"Lometrexol Sodium","code":"C90623","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt form of lometrexol, a folate analogue antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. As the stereoisomer of 5,10-dideazatetrahydrofolate, lometrexol selectively inhibits glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT), the enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the de novo purine biosynthetic pathway, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis and leading to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. The agent has been shown to be active against tumors that are resistant to the folate antagonist methotrexate, but causes severe, dose-limiting toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LOMETREXOL SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY264618 Disodium","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lometrexol Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983806"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"120408-07-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"US81N1145T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H23N5O6.2Na"}]}}{"C617":{"preferredName":"Lomustine","code":"C617","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Lomustine alkylates and crosslinks DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent also carbamoylates DNA and proteins, resulting in inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and disruption of RNA processing. Lomustine is lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Nitrosourea, 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Belustin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Belustine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Belustine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cecenu","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cecenu","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CeeNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CeeNU","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chloroethylcyclo- hexylnitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chloroethylcyclohexylnitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chloroethylcyclohexylnitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citostal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleostine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lomeblastin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lomustine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lomustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lomustinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lucostin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lucostine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-Chloroethyl)-N'-cyclohexyl-N-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-(2-chloroethyl)-N'-cyclohexyl-N-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prava","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RB-1509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-139017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lomustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"79037"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023972"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"13010-47-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Brain tumors; Hodgkins disease"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7BRF0Z81KG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43065"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43065"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H16ClN3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lomustine"}]}}{"C1829":{"preferredName":"Lonafarnib","code":"C1829","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called enzyme inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic tricyclic derivative of carboxamide with antineoplastic properties. Lonarfanib binds to and inhibits farnesyl transferase, an enzyme involved in the post-translational modification and activation of Ras proteins. Ras proteins participate in numerous signalling pathways (proliferation, cytoskeletal organization), and play an important role in oncogenesis. Mutated ras proteins have been found in a wide range of human cancers. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[2-[4-(3,10-Dibromo-8-chloro-6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-yl)-1-piperidinyl]-2-oxoethyl]-1-piperidinecarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-[2-[4-[(11R)-3,10-Dibromo-8-chloro-6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-yl]-1-piperidinyl]-2-oxoethyl]-1-piperidinecarboxamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"LONAFARNIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lonafarnib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lonafarnib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 66336","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SCH 66336","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH-66336","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SCH-66336","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH66336","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarasar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lonafarnib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"719467"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1257385"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"193275-84-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IOW153004F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43503"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43503"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H31Br2ClN4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lonafarnib"}]}}{"C125549":{"preferredName":"Loncastuximab Tesirine","code":"C125549","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an anti-CD19 humanized monoclonal antibody conjugated, via a cleavable linker comprised of valine-alanine and maleimide, to a cytotoxic, cross-linking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, which targets DNA minor grooves, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody portion of loncastuximab tesirine targets the cell surface antigen CD19 on various cancer cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. The imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces interstrand cross-links in the minor groove of DNA and inhibits DNA replication, which inhibits the proliferation of CD19-overexpressing tumor cells. CD19, a transmembrane receptor and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is expressed on a number of B-cell-derived cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ADCT-402","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT-402","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 PBD-conjugate ADCT-402","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LONCASTUXIMAB TESIRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Loncastuximab Tesirine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Loncastuximab Tesirine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504277"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1879918-31-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7K5O7P6QIU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778954"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778954"}]}}{"C116067":{"preferredName":"Long Peptide Vaccine 7","code":"C116067","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine consisting of a combination of seven synthetic long peptides (SLPs), which are each about 30 amino acids in size, and derived from cancer-testis antigens (CTA) and melanocytic differentiation proteins (MDP), with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, long peptide vaccine 7 may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these peptides. CTA and MDP are overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LPV7","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Long Peptide Vaccine 7","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Long Peptide Vaccine 7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473486"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760895"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760895"}]}}{"C113656":{"preferredName":"Long-acting Release Pasireotide","code":"C113656","definitions":[{"description":"A long-acting release (LAR) formulation containing pasireotide, a synthetic long-acting cyclohexapeptide, with somatostatin-like activity. Upon intramuscular administration of the LAR formulation of pasireotide, this somatostatin analog strongly binds to and activates somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtypes 1, 2, 3, and 5. This leads to an inhibition in the secretion of human growth hormone (hGH) and results in decreased production of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), which may inhibit IGF-1-mediated cell signaling pathways. This may lead to an inhibition in tumor cell growth and an increase in apoptosis in IGF-1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent causes a reduction in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which leads to an inhibition of cortisol secretion. ACTH-producing tumors cause hypersecretion of cortisol which results in many unwanted symptoms. This agent may also block other key survival pathways such as the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Pasireotide also inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion, thereby decreasing angiogenesis and tumor cell growth in VEGF-overexpressing tumor cells. The long-acting form of pasireotide allows for less frequent administration as compared to the original form of this agent. SSTRs are overexpressed by some neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LAR Pasireotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Long-acting Release Pasireotide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Long-acting Release Pasireotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOM230 LAR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458369"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756940"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756940"}]}}{"C2830":{"preferredName":"Lontucirev","code":"C2830","definitions":[{"description":"A modified cold virus that selectively grows in and destroys certain types of cancer cells and leaves normal cells undamaged.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An E1B-55kDa-deleted adenovirus that is able to selectively replicate in and lyse TP53-deficient human tumor cells. After tumor cell lysis, released viruses infect neighboring tumor cells, tripping a chain of lontucirev-mediated tumor cell cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CI 1042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-1042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E1B 55kDa mutant adenovirus dl1520","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E1B-Attenuated Adenovirus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lontucirev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lontucirev (Replicating Adenovirus)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONYX-015","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ONYX-015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"688653"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0678040"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"437981-77-6"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43035"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43035"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ONYX-015"}]}}{"C113655":{"preferredName":"Lorlatinib","code":"C113655","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, ATP-competitive inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and C-ros oncogene 1 (Ros1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lorlatinib binds to and inhibits both ALK and ROS1 kinases. The kinase inhibition leads to disruption of ALK- and ROS1-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK- and ROS1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, PF-06463922 is able to cross the blood brain barrier. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development; ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. ROS1, overexpressed in certain cancer cells, plays a key role in cell growth and survival of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-4,8-Methenopyrazolo(4,3-H)(2,5,11)benzoxadiazacyclotetradecine-3-carbonitrile, 7-amino-12-fluoro-10,15,16,17-tetrahydro-2,10,16-trimethyl-15-oxo-, (10R)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Amino-12-fluoro-2,10,16-trimethyl-15-oxo-10,15,16,17-tetrahydro-2H-8,4-(metheno)pyrazolo(4,3-h)(2,5,11)benzoxadiazacyclotetradecine-3-carbonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LORLATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lorbrena","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lorlatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lorlatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06463922","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3884739"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1454846-35-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OSP71S83EU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756930"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756930"}]}}{"C162537":{"preferredName":"Lorukafusp alfa","code":"C162537","definitions":[{"description":"An immunocytokine comprised of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the surface disialoganglioside GD2, fused to two human interleukin (IL)-2 molecules with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon intravenous administration, the antibody moiety of lorukafusp alfa specifically targets and binds to GD2 expressed on certain tumor cells. This may stimulate the activation of immune effector cells including natural killer (NK) and T-cells, leading to tumor cell death via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and GD2-specifc T-cell responses. The glycosphingolipid GD2 is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of many tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APN 301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APN-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APN301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 273063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD-273063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu14.18-IL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LORUKAFUSP ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lorukafusp alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2131168-99-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PL21OR4LXE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C38714":{"preferredName":"Lorvotuzumab Mertansine","code":"C38714","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that combines a monoclonal antibody (huN901) with an anticancer drug (DM1), and is being studied in the treatment of certain cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An immunoconjugate of a humanized murine monoclonal antibody (huN-901) and DMI, a semi-synthetic derivative of the plant-derived ansa macrolide maytansine. The antibody moiety of BB-10901 selectively attaches to CD56 antigen, a neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)) expressed on the surface of cells of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and other neuroendocrine (NE) tumors. Thus, the DMI conjugate is targeted specifically to CD56-expressing tumor cells, where it inhibits tubulin polymerization and assembly, resulting in inhibition of mitosis and cell cycle arrest in the S phase. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Human NCAM-1 Monoclonal Antibody N901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB-10901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BB-10901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LORVOTUZUMAB MERTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lorvotuzumab Mertansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lorvotuzumab Mertansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huN901-DM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987530"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1008106-64-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0IVD6ASY0W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346110"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346110"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BB-10901"}]}}{"C120556":{"preferredName":"Losatuxizumab Vedotin","code":"C120556","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), conjugated, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of losatuxizumab vedotin selectively targets and binds to EGFR. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV-221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOSATUXIZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Losatuxizumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Losatuxizumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055621"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1685249-67-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"17C83BVV62"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769542"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769542."}]}}{"C1521":{"preferredName":"Losoxantrone","code":"C1521","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antipyrazoles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An anthrapyrazole-based antineoplastic antibiotic. Losoxantrone intercalates into DNA, induces single- and double-stranded DNA breaks and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. Losoxantrone is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biantrazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Biantrazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-941","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CI-941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DuP 941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOSOXANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Losoxantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"losoxantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"357885"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0245032"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"88303-60-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"47KPH00809"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41809"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H27N5O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Losoxantrone"}]}}{"C72077":{"preferredName":"Losoxantrone Hydrochloride","code":"C72077","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of losoxantrone, an anthrapyrazole-based antineoplastic antibiotic. Losoxantrone intercalates into DNA, induces single- and double-stranded DNA breaks and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. Losoxantrone is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LOSOXANTRONE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Losoxantrone HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Losoxantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Losoxantrone Hydrochloride Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"357885"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346902"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"132937-89-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W6E275IURX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C22H27N5O4.4ClH.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Losoxantrone_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C620":{"preferredName":"Lovastatin","code":"C620","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to lower the amount of cholesterol in the blood. It is also being studied in the prevention and treatment of some types of cancer. Lovastatin is a type of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A lactone metabolite isolated from the fungus Aspergillus terreus with cholesterol-lowering and potential antineoplastic activities. Lovastatin is hydrolyzed to the active beta-hydroxyacid form, which competitively inhibits 3-hydroxyl-3-methylgutarylcoenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, an enzyme involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. In addition, this agent may induce tumor cell apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell invasiveness, possibly by inhibiting protein farnesylation and protein geranylgeranylation, and may arrest cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The latter effect sensitizes tumor cells to the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S)-2-Methylbutanoic Acid, (1S,3R,7S,8S,8aR)-1,2,3,7,8,8a-Hexahydro-3,7-dimethyl-8-[2-[(2R,4R)-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-2H-pyran-2-yl]ethyl]-1-naphthalenyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOVASTATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lovastatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Lovastatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lovastatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lovastatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lovastatin Sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mevacor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Mevacor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mevacor","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mevinolin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monacolin K","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lovastatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"633781"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024027"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"75330-75-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Atherosclerosis; Coronary heart disease, prevention; Hypercholesterolemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9LHU78OQFD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41658"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41658"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H36O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lovastatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:40303"}]}}{"C83925":{"preferredName":"Lucanthone","code":"C83925","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available thioxanthone-based DNA intercalator and inhibitor of the DNA repair enzyme apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APEX1 or APE1), with anti-schistosomal and potential antineoplastic activity. Lucanthone intercalates DNA and interferes with the activity of topoisomerases I and II during replication and transcription, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of macromolecules. In addition, this agent specifically inhibits the endonuclease activity of APE1, without affecting its redox activity, resulting in un-repaired DNA strand breaks which may induce apoptosis. Therefore, lucanthone may sensitize tumor cells to radiation and chemotherapy. Furthermore, lucanthone inhibits autophagy through the disruption of lysosomal function. The multifunctional nuclease APE1 is a key component for DNA repair; its expression is often correlated with tumor cell resistance to radio- and chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LUCANTHONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lucanthone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lucanthone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024071"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"479-50-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FC6D57000M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733534"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733534"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H24N2OS"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:51052"}]}}{"C48405":{"preferredName":"Lucatumumab","code":"C48405","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell surface antigen CD40 with potential antineoplastic activity. Lucatumumab binds to and inhibits CD40, thereby inhibiting CD40 ligand-induced cell proliferation and triggering cell lysis via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cells overexpressing CD40. CD40, an integral membrane protein found on the surface of B lymphocytes, is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily and is highly expressed in a number of B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody CHIR-12.12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHIR-12.12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCD-122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUCATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lucatumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lucatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody CHIR-12.12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2980061"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"903512-50-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P0EP9VFC4R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"432936"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"432936"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_CHIR-12_12"}]}}{"C95726":{"preferredName":"Lucitanib","code":"C95726","definitions":[{"description":"A novel dual inhibitor targeting human vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) with antiangiogenic activity. Lucitanib inhibits VEGFR-1, -2, -3 and FGFR-1, -2 kinases in the nM range, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. Both VEGFRs and FGFRs belong to the family of receptor tyrosine kinases that may be upregulated in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Naphthalenecarboxamide, 6-((7-((1-aminocyclopropyl)methoxy)-6-methoxy-4-quinolinyl)oxy)-n-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AL3810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E-3810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUCITANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lucitanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3887575"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1058137-23-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PP449XA4BH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694590"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694590"}]}}{"C71467":{"preferredName":"Luminespib","code":"C71467","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of 4,5-diarylisoxazole and a third-generation heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Luminespib has been shown to bind with high affinity to and inhibit Hsp90, resulting in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins; the inhibition of cell proliferation; and the elevation of heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72) in a wide range of human tumor cell lines. Hsp90, a 90 kDa molecular chaperone, plays a key role in the conformational maturation, stability and function of other substrate or \"client\" proteins within the cell, many of which are involved in signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, including kinases, transcription factors and hormone receptors. Hsp72 exhibits anti-apoptotic functions; its up-regulation may be used as a surrogate marker for Hsp90 inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AUY922","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor AUY922","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LUMINESPIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Luminespib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVP AUY 922","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVP-AUY 922","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348996"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"747412-64-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C6V1DAR5EB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570982"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570982"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H33N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hsp90_Inhibitor_AUY922"}]}}{"C162567":{"preferredName":"Luminespib Mesylate","code":"C162567","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt of luminespib, a derivative of 4,5-diarylisoxazole and a third-generation heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, luminespib binds with high affinity to and inhibits Hsp90, resulting in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins; the inhibition of cell proliferation; and the elevation of heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72) in a wide range of human tumor cell lines. Hsp90, a 90 kDa molecular chaperone, plays a key role in the conformational maturation, stability and function of other substrate or \"client\" proteins within the cell, many of which are involved in signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, including kinases, transcription factors and hormone receptors. Hsp72 exhibits anti-apoptotic functions; its up-regulation may be used as a surrogate marker for Hsp90 inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LUMINESPIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Luminespib Mesilate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luminespib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luminespib Mesylate Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVP-AUY922-AGB","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1051919-26-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6R0MAC137G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C118623":{"preferredName":"Lung-targeted Immunomodulator QBKPN","code":"C118623","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, lung-targeted, site specific immunomodulator (SSI), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact type and composition of the lung-targeted immunomodulator QBKPN has yet to be fully disclosed, upon subcutaneous administration, this agent is able to activate a local innate immune response in the lung tissue. This results in an increased number of M1 macrophages, which induces a shift from M2 to M1 macrophage dominance in the tumor microenvironment, and stimulates the recruitment of other immune cells. The M1 macrophages exert antitumor activity and eradicate lung cancer cells through phagocytosis. QBKPN does not induce a systemic immune response or affect other organs or tissues. Altogether, this SSI may decrease tumor cell growth in the lungs. SSIs contain specific, inactivated components of pathogens, such as bacteria and/or viruses, which normally cause an acute infection in the specific organ or tissue of interest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung-targeted Immunomodulator QBKPN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QBKPN","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSI QBKPN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Site Specific Immunomodulator QBKPN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896726"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765293"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765293"}]}}{"C82382":{"preferredName":"Lurbinectedin","code":"C82382","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic tetrahydropyrrolo [4, 3, 2-de]quinolin-8(1H)-one alkaloid analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Lurbinectedin covalently binds to residues lying in the minor groove of DNA, which may result in delayed progression through S phase, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LURBINECTEDIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lurbinectedin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lurbinectedin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PM01183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830066"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"497871-47-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2CN60TN6ZS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641468"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641468"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"DNA_Minor_Groove_Binding_Agent_PM01183"}]}}{"C1610":{"preferredName":"Lurtotecan","code":"C1610","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called topoisomerase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic analogue of camptothecin with antineoplastic activity. Lurtotecan selectively stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex and forms an enzyme-drug-DNA ternary complex. As a consequence of the formation of this complex, both the initial cleavage reaction and religation steps are inhibited and subsequent collision of the replication fork with the cleaved strand of DNA results in inhibition of DNA replication, double strand DNA breakage and triggering of apoptosis. Independent from DNA replication inhibition, lurtotecan also inhibits RNA synthesis, multi-ubiquitination and degradation of topoisomerase I and chromatin reorganization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-(4-methylpiperazinomethylene)-10,11-ethylenedioxy-20(S)-camptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GG 211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GI147211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LURTOTECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lurtotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lurtotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"15571957"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0293658"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"149882-10-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4J1L80T08I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H30N4O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lurtotecan"}]}}{"C1876":{"preferredName":"Lurtotecan Liposome","code":"C1876","definitions":[{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated formulation of lurtotecan with antineoplastic activity. Lurtotecan, a semisynthetic analogue of camptothecin, selectively stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex and forms an enzyme-drug-DNA ternary complex during S phase of the cell cycle, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-stranded DNA breaks. This ultimately results in an inhibition of DNA replication, inducing double-stranded DNA breakages, obstruction of RNA and protein synthesis and triggering apoptosis. Furthermore, this agent also stimulates degradation of topoisomerase I, likely mediated through ubiquitin-proteasomal pathway. Liposomal delivery of lurtotecan improves its penetration and delivery into tumors while lowering systemic side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lurtotecan Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liposomal lurtotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liposome, lurtotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935959"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43473"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43473"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lurtotecan_Liposome"}]}}{"C142176":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","code":"C142176","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of a human monoclonal antibody (huMAb-5B1) against the carbohydrate antigen sialyl Lewis A (carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA19-9) that is conjugated to the chelator 2-(p-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-cyclohexyl-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (CHX-A''-DTPA) and labeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (Lu 177), with radioisotopic activity and potential use as an antineoplastic radiotherapeutic and an imaging agent in both planar imaging and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The antibody moiety of Lu 177 anti-CA19-9 monoclonal antibody 5B1 targets and binds to CA19-9-expressing tumor cells. This may promote killing of CA19-9-expressing tumor cells through the local induction of both complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Additionally, upon binding and internalization, the Lu 177 moiety can deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to the CA19-9-expressing tumor cells. Furthermore, the radioisotope moiety may be imaged using planar imaging and SPECT, thus allowing evaluation of the pharmacokinetic profile of the agent, and the imaging and quantification of CA19-9-expressing tumor cells, respectively. CA19-9, a Lewis-type carbohydrate antigen overexpressed on a number of different tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell survival and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu Human Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-CHX-A''-DTPA-HuMab-5B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lu 177 Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVT-1075","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540167"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791457"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791457"}]}}{"C158044":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-N3-CTT1403","code":"C158044","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjucate consisting of CTT1403, a phosphoramidate-based irreversible inhibitor of human prostate-specific membrane antigen with an albumin binding moiety, connected via click chemistry to lutetium Lu 177-dodecanetetraacetic acid-azide (177Lu-DOTA-N3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-N3-CTT1403 targets and binds to PSMA expressed on tumor cells via its CTT1403 moiety, and upon internalization, delivers cytotoxic beta radiation directly to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and type II transmembrane protein, is expressed on the membrane of prostatic epithelial cells and overexpressed on most prostate tumor cells. The albumin binding motif extends circulation half-life thereby improving tumor cell uptake of the radioconjugate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA-N3-CTT1403","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA-azide-CTT1403","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-N3-CTT1403","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-N3-CTT1403","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-azide-CTT1403","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937593"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797172"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797172"}]}}{"C105403":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-Tetulomab","code":"C105403","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate, which consists of a monoclonal antibody against the cell-surface antigen CD37 covalently linked, via the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA), to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-tetulomab binds to CD37 on tumor B-cells. Upon internalization, the radioisotope moiety delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to CD37-expressing tumor cells. CD37, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA-HH1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-Dota-Tetulomab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-HH1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-Tetulomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-Tetulomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446324"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746917"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746917"}]}}{"C113801":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-biotin","code":"C113801","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate of biotin conjugated with the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) and labeled with the beta-emitting isotope lutetium Lu 177 (Lu-177) that can be used for radioimmunotherapeutic purposes. Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-biotin could be used in pre-targeting radioimmunotherapy, which pretreats the lesion with oxidized avidin that binds to protein amino groups on cells. As avidin binds to biotin, the radioisotope can be selectively delivered to cancer cells leading to tumor cell eradication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-ST2210","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-biotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[177Lu]DOTA-biotin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471782"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757658"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757658"}]}}{"C95020":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Dotatate","code":"C95020","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of the tyrosine-containing somatostatin analog Tyr3-octreotate (TATE) conjugated with the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential imaging and antineoplastic activities. Lutetium Lu 177 dotatate binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), with high affinity to type 2 SSTR, present on the cell membranes of many types of neuroendocrine tumor (NET) cells. Upon binding and internalization, this radioconjugate specifically delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to SSTR-positive cells. Tyr3-octreotate (TATE) is an octreotide derivative in which phenylalanine at position 3 is substituted by tyrosine and position 8 threoninol is replaced with threonine. SSTRs have been shown to be present in large numbers on NET and their metastases, while most other normal tissues express low levels of SSTRs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177 Lu-DOTA-TATE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177 Lu-DOTA-Tyr3-Octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA0-Tyr3-Octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUTETIUM OXODOTREOTIDE LU-177","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lutathera","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA(0)-Tyr(3)-Octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Dotatate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Dotatate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Dotatate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-Tyr3-Octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Oxodotreotide Lu-177","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lutetium Lu 177-DOTATATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18649310"},{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"20168290"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426555"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"437608-50-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"omatostatin receptor-positive gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AE221IM3BB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689409"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689409"}]}}{"C162565":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Lilotomab-satetraxetan","code":"C162565","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of lilotomab, a murine immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the CD37 antigen, conjugated via the chelating agent 2-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-tetraacetic acid (p-SCN-Bn-DOTA) with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of lutetium Lu 177 lilotomab-satetraxetan, the lilotomab moiety binds to CD37 expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon binding, lutetium Lu 177 lilotomab-satetraxetan delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to CD37-expressing cells. CD37 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed at high-levels on B-cells and to a lesser extent on T-cells and myeloid cells, and is frequently overexpressed in certain B-cell lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu Lilotomab Satetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-Lilotomab-satetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Betalutin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LILOTOMAB SATETRAXETAN LUTETIUM LU-177","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Lilotomab-satetraxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Lilotomab Satetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Lilotomab-satetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1453362-90-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"054ZP16K2Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C2598":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","code":"C2598","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of the humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) CC49 labeled with lutetium 131 (Lu-177). MoAb CC49 binds to the pancarcinoma tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72 with high affinity. Lu-177 MoAb CC49 delivers gamma radiation emitting Lu-177 nuclide directly to tumor cells that express TAG-72, and so may be used in radioimmunotherapeutic treatment of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177 Lu-CC49","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935675"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38083"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38083"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lutetium_Lu_177_Monoclonal_Antibody_CC49"}]}}{"C38701":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Monoclonal Antibody J591","code":"C38701","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of prostate-specific membrane antigen linked to a beta-emitting radioisotope (lutetium-177). This radioimmunoconjugate binds to tumor cells that express the extracellular domain of prostate-specific membrane antigen, delivering beta particle radiation selectively to tumor cells expressing this antigen and so limiting the exposure of normal tissues to ionizing radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lu 177 MOAB J591","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Monoclonal Antibody J591","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Monoclonal Antibody J591","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518042"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"361550"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"361550"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lutetium_Lu_177_Monoclonal_Antibody_J591"}]}}{"C114499":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 PP-F11N","code":"C114499","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate composed of PP-F11N, a gastrin analog, conjugated to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity and potential use as an imaging agent for scintigraphy. Following intravenous administration, the PP-F11N moiety binds to the cholecystokinin-2 (CCK-2) receptor. Subsequently, the CCK-2 receptor-expressing tumor cells can be visualized scintigraphically. In addition, the radioisotope moiety delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to CCK-2 receptor-expressing tumor cells. CCK-2 receptors are expressed on a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-PP-F11N","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 PP-F11N","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472324"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759373"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759373"}]}}{"C124929":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Satoreotide Tetraxetan","code":"C124929","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of the somatostatin antagonistic peptide satoreotide tetraxetan (JR11) that is linked, via the chelating agent dodecanetetraacetic acid (DOTA), to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity and imaging activity during positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-JR11 binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), with high affinity for SSTR2, present on the cell membranes of many types of neuroendocrine tumor (NET) cells. Upon binding and internalization, this radioconjugate specifically delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to SSTR-positive cells. SSTRs have been shown to be present in large numbers on NETs and their metastases, while most normal tissues express low levels of SSTRs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA-Cpa-c[d-Cys-Aph(Hor)-d-Aph(Cbm)-Lys-Thr-Cys]-d-Tyr-NH2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA-JR11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA-[Cpa-c(DCys-Aph(Hor)-DAph(Cbm)-Lys-Thr-Cys)-DTyr-NH2]","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lu-177 OPS-201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Satoreotide Tetraxetan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Satoreotide Tetraxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SATOREOTIDE TETRAXETAN LUTETIUM-177","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SOMther","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Satoreotide Tetraxetan Lutetium-177","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"24963127"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503798"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1934243-21-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CAX3X53UL6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777267"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777267"}]}}{"C154549":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-EB-TATE","code":"C154549","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of Evans blue (EB) modified, tyrosine-containing somatostatin analog, Tyr3-octreotate (TATE), conjugated with the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (DOTA), and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential imaging and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-EB-TATE binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), with high affinity to type 2 SSTRs (SSTR2s), present on the cell membranes of many neuroendocrine tumor (NET) cells. Upon binding and internalization, this radioconjugate specifically delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to SSTR2-positive cells. The incorporation of an albumin-binding moiety through EB modification allows Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-EB-TATE to reversibly bind to endogenous albumin, potentially extending half-life and increasing targeted accumulation of the drug in tumors. SSTRs, especially SSTR2s, are expressed at relatively higher levels in many tumor cell types and tumor blood vessels, compared to normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177 Lu-DOTA-EB-TATE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA0-EB-Tyr3-Octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA(0)-EB-Tyr(3)-Octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-EB-TATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-EB-Tyr3-Octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium-177-1, 4, 7, 10-tetra-azacyclododecane-1, 4, 7, 10-tetraacetic acid-Evans blue-octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium-177-DOTA-EB-TATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555349"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794348"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794348"}]}}{"C88277":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177-Edotreotide","code":"C88277","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of the somatostatin analogue edotreotide labeled with lutetium Lu 177 with potential antineoplastic activities. Lutetium Lu 177-edotreotide binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), with high affinity to type 2 SSTR, present on the cell membranes of many types of neuroendocrine tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, this radioconjugate specifically delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to SSTR-positive cells. Edotreotide is produced by substituting tyrosine for phenylalanine at the 3 position of the somatostatin analogue octreotide (Tyr3-octreotide or TOC) and chelated by the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent dodecanetetraacetic acid (DOTA).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EDOTREOTIDE LUTETIUM LU-177","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-Tyr3-octreotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-Edotreotide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-Edotreotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[177LuDOTA]-TOC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18448552"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412466"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RGO812Q0C8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656307"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656307"}]}}{"C158734":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177-NeoB","code":"C158734","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) antagonist, NeoB, linked via the chelating agent, dodecanetetraacetic acid (DOTA), to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177 NeoB targets and binds to GRPRs present on certain tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, this radioconjugate specifically delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to GRPR-expressing cells. GRPR, also known as bombesin receptor subtype 2, is a G protein-coupled receptor that is overexpressed in some cancer types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-NeoB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium 177-NeoB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-NeoBOMB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-NeoB","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-NeoB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[177Lu]-NeoB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797487"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797487"}]}}{"C148145":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177-PSMA-617","code":"C148145","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate composed of PSMA-617, a human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand, conjugated to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity against PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon intravenous administration of 177Lu-PSMA-617, the PSMA-617 moiety targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, PSMA-expressing tumor cells are destroyed by 177Lu through the specific delivery of beta particle radiation. PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen and type II transmembrane protein, is expressed on the membrane of prostatic epithelial cells and overexpressed on prostate tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-PSMA-617","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lu177-PSMA-617","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-PSMA-617","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-PSMA-617","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550803"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792497"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792497"}]}}{"C67039":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Capromab","code":"C67039","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of capromab linked to lutetium Lu 177 via the bifunctional macrocyclic chelator methoxy-tetraazacyclododecane-tetraacetic acid (MeO-DOTA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Lutetium Lu 177-capromab binds to human prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expressed on tumor cell surfaces via its capromab moiety and, upon internalization, delivers cytotoxic beta radiation directly to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PSMA is a cell surface glycoprotein abundantly expressed by prostate epithelium and is typically overexpressed by prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-meO-DOTA-7E11","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYT-500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-Labeled Capromab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Capromab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881486"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539702"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539702"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lutetium_Lu_177_Monoclonal_Antibody_7E11"}]}}{"C66978":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Girentuximab","code":"C66978","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the chimeric monoclonal antibody cG250 linked to the low energy beta-emitting radioisotope Lutetium 177, via the bifunctional macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA), with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of lutetium Lu-177-DOTA-chimeric monoclonal antibody cG250 binds to renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells expressing the RCC-associated antigen G250; a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation is selectively delivered to G250-expressing RCC cells upon internalization of the radioimmunoconjugate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA-cG250","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Girentuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177-DOTA-Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody cG250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium-177 Labeled cG250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881485"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531051"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531051"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lutetium_Lu_177-DOTA-Chimeric_Monoclonal_Antibody_cG250"}]}}{"C150467":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu-177 PSMA-R2","code":"C150467","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate composed of PSMA-R2, a human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand, conjugated to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity against PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon intravenous administration of 177Lu-PSMA-R2, the PSMA-R2 moiety targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, PSMA-expressing tumor cells are destroyed by 177Lu through the specific delivery of beta particle radiation. PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and type II transmembrane protein, is expressed on the membrane of prostatic epithelial cells and overexpressed on the majority of prostate tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-PSMA-R2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177LuPSMA-R2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lu177-PSMA-R2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 PSMA-R2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 PSMA-R2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium-177 PSMA-R2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552202"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793409"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793409"}]}}{"C162563":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Rituximab","code":"C162563","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate composed of rituximab, a recombinant chimeric murine/human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, conjugated to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the rituximab moiety targets and binds to CD20 expressed on tumor cells and delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to CD20-expressing cells. CD20 is expressed on the surface of pre-B and mature B-lymphocytes and is overexpressed in a variety of B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-Rituximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Rituximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Rituximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium-177 Labeled Rituximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[]}}{"C99163":{"preferredName":"Lyophilized Black Raspberry Lozenge","code":"C99163","definitions":[{"description":"A lozenge containing lyophilized black raspberry with potential antioxidant, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic and chemopreventive activities. In addition to vitamins, minerals and phytosterols, black raspberries are rich in phenolic acids, such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, proanthocyanidins, and flavonoids. The anthocyanins appear to contribute significantly to this agent's effects. Anthocyanins inhibit both the activation of several signal transduction pathways, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated pathways, and certain transcription factors, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), activator protein-1 (AP-1) complex, and nuclear factor in activated T-cells (NFAT). This inhibitory activity modulates the expression of downstream target genes that are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, including inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, vascular endothelial growth factor and the anti-apoptotic protein survivin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRB Confection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Black Raspberry Confection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LBR Lozenge","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lyophilized Black Raspberry Lozenge","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lyophilized Black Raspberry Lozenge","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433013"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717458"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717458"}]}}{"C99164":{"preferredName":"Lyophilized Black Raspberry Saliva Substitute","code":"C99164","definitions":[{"description":"A saliva substitute (or artificial saliva) containing lyophilized black raspberry with potential antioxidant, pro-apoptotic and chemopreventive activities. In addition to vitamins, minerals and phytosterols, black raspberries are rich in flavonols of which the anthocyanins appear to contribute significantly to this agent's chemopreventive effects. Anthocyanins inhibit the activation of several signal transduction pathways, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated pathways, and certain transcription factors, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), activator protein-1 (AP-1) complex, and nuclear factor in activated T-cells (NFAT). This in turn modulates the expression of downstream target genes that are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, including inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, vascular endothelial growth factor and the anti-apoptotic protein survivin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LBR Saliva Substitute","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lyophilized Black Raspberry Saliva Substitute","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433014"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717459"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717459"}]}}{"C126421":{"preferredName":"Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Inhibitor INCB059872","code":"C126421","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, INCB059872 binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively, through amine oxidation. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor-suppressor genes. In addition, LSD1 demethylates mono- or di-methylated H3K9 which increases gene expression of tumor promoting genes; inhibition of LSD1 promotes H3K9 methylation and decreases transcription of these genes. Altogether, this may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. LSD1, an enzyme belonging to the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent amine oxidase family, is overexpressed in certain tumor cells and plays a key role in the regulation of gene expression and in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INCB059872","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LSD1 Inhibitor INCB059872","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Inhibitor INCB059872","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Inhibitor INCB059872","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504960"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780284"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780284"}]}}{"C61571":{"preferredName":"Lyso-Thermosensitive Liposome Doxorubicin","code":"C61571","definitions":[{"description":"A temperature-sensitive liposomal formulation of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, circulating thermosensitive liposomes are activated locally by increasing the tumor temperature to 40-41 degrees Celsius using an external heat source. The elevated temperature causes compositional changes in the liposomes, creating openings that allow for the release of encapsulated doxorubicin. Compared to non-thermosensitive liposomes, lyso-thermosensitive liposomes deliver higher concentrations of a cytotoxic agent to a heat-treated tumor site while sparing normal tissues unexposed to heat treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heat-Activated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lyso-Thermosensitive Liposome Doxorubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lyso-Thermosensitive Liposome Doxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temperature Sensitive Liposome Encapsulated Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ThermoDox","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831903"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"491935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"491935"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Lyso-Thermosensitive_Liposome_Doxorubicin"}]}}{"C2681":{"preferredName":"MAGE-10.A2","code":"C2681","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic nonapeptide derived from a melanoma-associated antigen. Vaccination with MAGE-10.A2 may stimulate a host cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells that express the melanoma-associated antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAGE-10.A2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134715"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38649"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38649"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MAGE-10_A2"}]}}{"C129968":{"preferredName":"MAGE-A3 Multipeptide Vaccine GL-0817","code":"C129968","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, peptide cancer vaccine comprised of multiple peptides derived from human melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3; MAGEA3), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MAGE-A3 multipeptide vaccine GL-0817 may stimulate the immune system to mount specific responses from B-cells, and CD4-positive and CD8-positive cells against tumor cells expressing MAGE-A3, resulting in tumor cell lysis. MAGE-A3, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GL-0817","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GL-0817 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GL0817","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3 Multipeptide Vaccine GL-0817","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3 Multipeptide Vaccine GL-0817","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3 Peptide Vaccine GL-0817","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512878"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C91710":{"preferredName":"MAGE-A3 Peptide Vaccine","code":"C91710","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of a peptide derived from the human melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MAGE-A3 peptide vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing MAGE-A3, resulting in tumor cell lysis. MAGE-A3, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAGE-A3 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541478"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391278"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391278"}]}}{"C123649":{"preferredName":"MAGE-A3-specific Immunotherapeutic GSK 2132231A","code":"C123649","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic agent composed of a fusion protein containing the human melanoma-associated antigen MAGE-A3 fused to a lipidated protein D derived from Haemophilus influenzae and combined with the immunoadjuvant AS15, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular (IM) administration, GSK 2132231A may stimulate a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against MAGE-A3-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell death. MAGE-A3, a tumor-associated antigen, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types. This fusion protein may boost antitumoral immune responses. AS15, a liposomal formulation containing the immunostimulating compounds CpG 7909, 3-O-desacyl-4'-monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), and QS-21, increases the immune response against MAGE-A3-expressing tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASCI GSK 2132231A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antigen Specific Cancer Immunotherapeutic GSK 2132231A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK 2132231A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2132231A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3 ASCI GSK 2132231A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3-specific Immunotherapeutic GSK 2132231A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3-specific Immunotherapeutic GSK 2132231A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053638"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C114978":{"preferredName":"MAGE-A4-specific TCR Gene-transduced Autologous T Lymphocytes TBI-1201","code":"C114978","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human melanoma antigen A4 (MAGE-A4), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, MAGE-A4-specific TCR gene-transduced T-lymphocytes TBI-1201 binds to tumor cells expressing MAGE-A4. This may result in both an inhibition of growth and increased cell death for MAGE-A4-expressing tumor cells. The tumor-associated antigen MAGE-A4 is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAGE-A4-specific TCR Gene-transduced Autologous T Lymphocytes TBI-1201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MAGE-A4-specific TCR Gene-transduced Autologous T Lymphocytes TBI-1201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TBI-1201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472575"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759543"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759543"}]}}{"C160147":{"preferredName":"MALT1 Inhibitor JNJ-67856633","code":"C160147","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MALT1 inhibitor JNJ-67856633 targets, binds to, and prevents the activity of MALT1. This inhibits MALT1-dependent signaling, reduces interleukin-10 (IL-10) and upregulates interferon (IFN). This results in the inhibition of Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) signaling, induces apoptosis, and inhibits tumor cell growth of MALT1-expressing tumor cells. MALT1 belongs to the caspase family of proteases and is the active component of the CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) signaling complex. It plays an essential role in B- and T-lymphocyte activation and is over-activated in certain tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ 67856633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-67856633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ67856633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MALT1 Inhibitor JNJ-67856633","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MALT1 Inhibitor JNJ-67856633","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Translocation Protein 1 Inhibitor JNJ-67856633","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798315"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798315"}]}}{"C156733":{"preferredName":"MARCKS Protein Inhibitor BIO-11006","code":"C156733","definitions":[{"description":"An aerosolized 10-amino acid peptide that inhibits the myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS) protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon inhalation, the MARCKS protein inhibitor BIO-11006 targets, binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of MARCKS (P-MARCKS). This prevents MARCKS-mediated signaling, thereby preventing the release of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) from the cell membrane upon MARCKS binding. This prevents the PIP2-mediated activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and the FAK-mediated activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway and the activation of integrins, talin, vinculin and paxillin. This leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, migration, metastasis and survival. In addition, inhibition of MARCKS prevents mucin granule release and reduces the overproduction of mucus in the lungs. This may abrogate airway obstruction, impaired lung function, airway inflammation and bacterial infections associated with overproduction of mucus in the lungs. The MARCKS protein, a filamentous actin crosslinking protein and substrate for protein kinase C (PKC) is localized on the plasma membrane. Upon phosphorylation by PKC or binding to the calcium-calmodulin complex, the association of MARCKS with actin and with the plasma membrane is blocked, leading to its presence in the cytoplasm. The MARCKS protein plays a key role in the exocytosis of a number of vesicles and granules, cell movement, mitogenesis and membrane trafficking.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aerosolized BIO-11006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIO 11006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIO-11006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIO-11006 Peptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIO11006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MARCKS Protein Inhibitor BIO-11006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myristoylated Alanine Rich C Kinase Substrate Inhibitor BIO-11006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935857"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"901117-03-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795591"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795591"}]}}{"C153180":{"preferredName":"MAT2A Inhibitor AG-270","code":"C153180","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of methionine adenosyltransferase II alpha (MAT2A) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, AG-270 inhibits the activity of MAT2A, a metabolic enzyme responsible for the production of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), a primary donor of methyl groups in cellular transmethylation reactions that regulate gene expression, cell growth, and differentiation. MAT2A activity is selectively essential in cancer cells deficient in methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP), a critical enzyme in the methionine salvage pathway, that is deleted in some human cancers. Inhibition of MAT2A may potentially inhibit tumor cell growth in MTAP-deleted cancers that rely heavily on SAM synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG 270","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG-270","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG270","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAT2A Inhibitor AG-270","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MAT2A Inhibitor AG-270","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554312"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793947"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793947"}]}}{"C127817":{"preferredName":"MCL-1 Inhibitor AMG 176","code":"C127817","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein MCL-1 (myeloid cell leukemia-1), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AMG 176 binds to and inhibits the activity of MCL-1. This disrupts the formation of MCL-1/Bcl-2-like protein 11 (BCL2L11; BIM) complexes and induces apoptosis in tumor cells. MCL-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the Bcl-2 family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCL-1 Inhibitor AMG 176","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MCL-1 Inhibitor AMG 176","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507931"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781850"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781850"}]}}{"C156740":{"preferredName":"MCL-1 inhibitor AMG 397","code":"C156740","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (myeloid cell leukemia-1; Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MCL-1 inhibitor AMG 397 targets and binds to Mcl-1, thereby preventing the binding of Mcl-1 to and inactivation of certain pro-apoptotic proteins. This promotes apoptosis of cells overexpressing Mcl-1. Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 397","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-397","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG397","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCL-1 inhibitor AMG 397","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MCL-1 inhibitor AMG 397","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Cell Leukemia 1 Inhibitor AMG 397","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935903"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795697"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795697"}]}}{"C162749":{"preferredName":"MDM2 Antagonist ASTX295","code":"C162749","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the human homolog of murine double minute 2 (MDM2; HDM2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MDM2 antagonist ASTX295 targets and binds to MDM2 protein and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. This prevents p53 proteasomal degradation and restores the transcriptional activity of p53. This leads to p53-mediated induction of apoptosis in cancers with a wild-type p53 gene. MDM2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, regulates the level and activity of p53.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASTX 295","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASTX-295","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASTX295","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDM2 Antagonist ASTX295","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MDM2 Antagonist ASTX295","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDM2 Inhibitor ASTX295","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798989"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798989"}]}}{"C91724":{"preferredName":"MDM2 Antagonist RO5045337","code":"C91724","definitions":[{"description":"An MDM2 (human homolog of double minutes-2; HDM2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. RO5045337 binds to MDM2, thereby preventing the binding of the MDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored, which may result in the restoration of p53 signaling and thus the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein, is a negative regulator of the p53 pathway; often overexpressed in cancer cells, it has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDM2 Antagonist RO5045337","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MDM2 Antagonist RO5045337","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R7112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5045337","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RO-5045337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5045337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421615"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q8MI0X869M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581121"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581121"}]}}{"C114980":{"preferredName":"MDM2 Antagonist RO6839921","code":"C114980","definitions":[{"description":"An MDM2 (human homolog of murine double minute-2; HDM2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, RO6839921 binds to MDM2 and prevents the binding of the MDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing MDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This may result in the restoration of p53 signaling, followed by p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein, is a negative regulator of the p53 pathway and is often overexpressed in cancer cells; p53 inhibition has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDM2 Antagonist RO6839921","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO6839921","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472577"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759578"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759578"}]}}{"C116624":{"preferredName":"MDM2 Inhibitor AMG-232","code":"C116624","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, piperidinone inhibitor of MDM2 (murine double minute 2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MDM2 inhibitor AMG-232 binds to MDM2 protein and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is overexpressed in cancer cells; it plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-232","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AMG-232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDM2 Inhibitor AMG-232","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MDM2 Inhibitor AMG-232","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3852521"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7R7G6EH5UL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742695"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742695"}]}}{"C156709":{"preferredName":"MDM2 Inhibitor BI 907828","code":"C156709","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of murine double minute 2 (MDM2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BI 907828 binds to MDM2 protein and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing MDM2-p53 interaction, the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Compared to currently available MDM2 inhibitors, the pharmacokinetic properties of BI 907828 allow for more optimal dosing and dose schedules that may reduce myelosuppression, an on-target, dose-limiting toxicity for this class of inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 907828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-907828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI907828","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDM2 Inhibitor BI 907828","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MDM2 Inhibitor BI 907828","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935863"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795735"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795735"}]}}{"C156415":{"preferredName":"MDM2 Inhibitor KRT-232","code":"C156415","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of MDM2 (murine double minute 2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MDM2 inhibitor KRT-232 binds to the MDM2 protein and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is overexpressed in cancer cells; it plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KRT 232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRT-232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRT232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDM2 Inhibitor KRT-232","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MDM2 Inhibitor KRT-232","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563107"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C118669":{"preferredName":"MDM2/MDMX Inhibitor ALRN-6924","code":"C118669","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of both murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and murine double minute X (MDMX), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ALRN-6924 binds to both MDM2 and MDMX and interferes with their interaction with the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing MDM2-p53 and MDMX-p53 interactions, p53 activity is restored, which leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2 and MDMX, negative regulators of p53 function, are often overexpressed in cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALRN-6924","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDM2/MDMX Inhibitor ALRN-6924","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MDM2/MDMX Inhibitor ALRN-6924","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896920"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765720"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765720"}]}}{"C67042":{"preferredName":"MDR Modulator CBT-1","code":"C67042","definitions":[{"description":"A substance taken from plants that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may help drugs kill tumor cells that have become resistant to drugs. It is a type of multidrug resistance inhibitor and a type of P-glycoprotein antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally-occurring, orally bioavailable bisbenzylisoquinoline plant alkaloid with potential chemosensitization activity. MDR modulator CBT-1 binds to and inhibits the MDR efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which may inhibit the efflux of various chemotherapeutic agents from tumor cells and reverse P-gp-mediated tumor cell MDR. P-gp is a transmembrane ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter and is overexpressed by some multidrug resistant tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CBT-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CBT-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDR Modulator CBT-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDR modulator CBT-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0916470"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"538747"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"538747"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CBT-1"}]}}{"C98832":{"preferredName":"MEK 1/2 Inhibitor AS703988/MSC2015103B","code":"C98832","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK) 1 and 2 with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK1/2 inhibitor AS703988/MSC2015103B selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1/2, preventing the activation of MEK1/2-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK1/2 are dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinases that play key roles in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway that regulates cell growth and are often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AS703988","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AS703988/MSC2015103B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK 1/2 Inhibitor AS703988/MSC2015103B","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MEK 1/2 Inhibitor AS703988/MSC2015103B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC2015103B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432851"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714900"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714900"}]}}{"C69143":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor AZD8330","code":"C69143","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active, selective MEK inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor AZD8330 specifically inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK or MAP/ERK kinase1), resulting in inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth; constitutive activation of this pathway has been implicated in many cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARRY-424704","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY-704","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD8330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor AZD8330","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor AZD8330","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346908"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543526"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543526"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MEK_Inhibitor_AZD8330"}]}}{"C2670":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor CI-1040","code":"C2670","definitions":[{"description":"An agent that inhibits both mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases 1 and 2 (MEK1 and MEK2), substrates of Raf and phosphorylates extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1 and ERK2), preventing phosphorylation and activation of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathways, involved with signal transduction pathways and tumor proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(2-Chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-N-cyclopropylmethoxy-3,4-difluorobenzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-1040","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor CI-1040","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 184352/CI-1040","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-184352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0769765"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38593"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38593"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CI-1040"}]}}{"C95738":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor GDC-0623","code":"C95738","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active, selective MEK inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor GDC-0623 specifically inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK or MAP/ERK kinase), resulting in inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth; constitutive activation of this pathway has been implicated in many cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDC-0623","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor GDC-0623","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor GDC-0623","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421583"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673612"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673612"}]}}{"C52195":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor PD0325901","code":"C52195","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, synthetic organic molecule targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPK/ERK kinase or MEK) with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor PD325901, a derivative of MEK inhibitor CI-1040, selectively binds to and inhibits MEK, which may result in the inhibition of the phosphorylation and activation of MAPK/ERK and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. The dual specific threonine/tyrosine kinase MEK is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that is frequently activated in human tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor PD0325901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-0325901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PD-0325901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD0325901","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1675748"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"86K0J5AK6M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456780"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456780"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PD-0325901"}]}}{"C82696":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor RO4987655","code":"C82696","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active small molecule, targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1 or MEK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor RO4987655 binds to and inhibits MEK, which may result in the inhibition of MEK-dependent cell signaling and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a dual specificity threonine/tyrosine kinase, is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth; constitutive activation of this pathway has been implicated in many cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor RO4987655","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO4987655","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830219"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633506"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633506"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MEK_Serine_Threonine_Kinase_Inhibitor_RO4987655"}]}}{"C150680":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor SHR 7390","code":"C150680","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPK/ERK kinase; MEK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MEK inhibitor SHR 7390 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK. This prevents the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins, which results in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinase family that plays a key role in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, is frequently upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAP2K Inhibitor SHR 7390","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAPK Kinase Inhibitor SHR 7390","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor SHR 7390","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEKi SHR 7390","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 7390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-7390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR7390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552486"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793097"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793097"}]}}{"C84858":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor TAK-733","code":"C84858","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of MEK1 and MEK2 (MEK1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor TAK-733 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1/2, preventing the activation of MEK1/2-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK1/2 (MAP2K1/K2) are dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinases that play key roles in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and are often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor TAK-733","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor TAK-733","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-733","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TAK-733","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827535"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5J61HSP0QJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651550"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651550"}]}}{"C101532":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor WX-554","code":"C101532","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor WX-554 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK, thereby preventing the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins including some transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinase that plays a key role in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, is frequently upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor WX-554","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX-554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435784"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732484"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732484"}]}}{"C155971":{"preferredName":"MEK inhibitor CS3006","code":"C155971","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPKK; MEK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MEK inhibitor CS3006 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the catalytic activity of MEK, thereby inhibiting the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells in which the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway is overactivated. The threonine/tyrosine protein kinase MEK plays a key role in the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, which is frequently upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types. The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway regulates key cellular activities including cell growth, proliferation, survival, differentiation and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CS 3006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-3006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS3006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAPK Kinase Inhibitor CS3006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK inhibitor CS3006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562716"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795024"}]}}{"C79848":{"preferredName":"MEK-1/MEKK-1 Inhibitor E6201","code":"C79848","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, fungal metabolite analogue inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK-1) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (MEKK-1) with potential antipsoriatic and antineoplastic activities. MEK-1/MEKK-1 inhibitor E6201 specifically binds to and inhibits the activities of MEK-1 and MEKK-1, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. MEK-1 and MEKK-1 are key components in the RAS/RAF/MEK/MAPK signaling pathway, which regulates cell proliferation and is frequently activated in human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E6201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK-1/MEKK-1 Inhibitor E6201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MEK-1/MEKK-1 Inhibitor E6201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388442"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629676"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629676"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MEK-1_MEKK-1_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_E6201"}]}}{"C106126":{"preferredName":"MEK/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor BI 847325","code":"C106126","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available dual inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and Aurora kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MEK/Aurora kinase inhibitor BI 847325 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK, which both prevents the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins and inhibits growth factor-mediated cell signaling. BI 847325 also binds to and inhibits the activity of the Aurora kinases A, B and C which may disrupt the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, prevent chromosome segregation, and inhibit both cellular division and proliferation in Aurora kinase-overexpressing tumor cells. Altogether, this leads to the inhibition of cell proliferation and tumor growth as well as the induction of tumor regression. MEK, a dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinase that plays a key role in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, is frequently upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types. Aurora kinases are serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control and are overexpressed by a wide variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 847325","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor BI 847325","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827151"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698315"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698315"}]}}{"C111569":{"preferredName":"MELK Inhibitor OTS167","code":"C111569","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, OTS167 binds to MELK, which prevents both MELK phosphorylation and activation; thus inhibiting the phosphorylation of downstream MELK substrates. This may lead to an inhibition of both cell proliferation and survival in MELK-expressing tumor cells. MELK, a serine/threonine kinase, is involved in cancer cell survival, invasiveness and cancer-stem cell formation and maintenance; it is highly upregulated in various types of cancer cells and absent in normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MELK Inhibitor OTS167","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MELK Inhibitor OTS167","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OTS-167","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OTS-167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OTS167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL453977"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VY778IXU5T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751983"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751983"}]}}{"C148537":{"preferredName":"MET Kinase Inhibitor OMO-1","code":"C148537","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the proto-oncogene and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met; HGFR; MET) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, OMO-1 selectively binds to c-Met, thereby inhibiting c-Met phosphorylation and disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ-38877618","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET Kinase Inhibitor OMO-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMO-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMO1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551128"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792712"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792712"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MET_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_BMS-777607"}]}}{"C74060":{"preferredName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-777607","code":"C74060","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of MET tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor BMS-777607 binds to c-Met protein, or hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), preventing binding of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and disrupting the MET signaling pathway; this agent may induce cell death in tumor cells expressing c-Met. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and in tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-777607","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-777607","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346911"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587999"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587999"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MET_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_BMS-777607"}]}}{"C91097":{"preferredName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor EMD 1204831","code":"C91097","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) with potential antineoplastic activity. MET inhibitor EMD 1204831 selectively binds to Met tyrosine kinase, thereby disrupting MET mediated signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing this kinase. MET is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EMD 1204831","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor EMD 1204831","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor EMD 1204831","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984036"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672542"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672542"}]}}{"C78483":{"preferredName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-04217903","code":"C78483","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailabe, small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor PF-04217903 selectively binds to and inhibits c-Met, disrupting the c-Met signaling pathway, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth, migration and invasion of tumor cells, and the induction of death in tumor cells expressing c-Met. The receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met, also known as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, playing an important role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(4-(1-(Quinolin-6-ylmethyl)-1H-(1,2,3)triazolo(4,5-b)pyrazin-6-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)ethanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-04217903","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-04217903","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04217903","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PF-04217903","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703125"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"956905-27-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CYJ9ATV1IJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601032"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601032"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MET_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_PF-04217903"}]}}{"C97511":{"preferredName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SAR125844","code":"C97511","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met (also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR)) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, c-Met inhibitor SAR125844 binds to c-Met, thereby disrupting c-Met-mediated signal transduction pathways. This may result in cell growth inhibition in tumors that overexpress c-Met. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancers, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SAR125844","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SAR125844","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR125844","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273459"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703771"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703771"}]}}{"C74062":{"preferredName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SGX523","code":"C74062","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule, c-Met inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MET receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor SGX523 specifically binds to c-Met protein, or hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), preventing binding of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and disrupting the MET signaling pathway; this agent may induce cell death in tumor cells expressing c-Met. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and in tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SGX523","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGX523","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346913"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"588972"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"588972"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MET_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_SGX523"}]}}{"C49174":{"preferredName":"MK0731","code":"C49174","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. MK0731 selectively inhibits kinesin spindle protein (KSP), which may result in the inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest during the mitotic phase, and apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress KSP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MK0731","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708823"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"446551"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"446551"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MK0731"}]}}{"C2507":{"preferredName":"MKC-1","code":"C2507","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may prevent cancer cells from dividing. It belongs to the family of drugs called cell cycle inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, bisindolylmaleimide cell cycle inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MKC-1 and its metabolites inhibit tubulin polymerization, blocking the formation of the mitotic spindle, which may result in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. In addition, this agent has been shown to inhibit the activities of the oncogenic kinase Akt, the mTOR pathway, and importin-beta, a protein essential to the transport of other proteins from the cytosol into the nucleus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MKC-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MKC-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MKC-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MKC-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R440","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 31-7453","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Ro 31-7453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796487"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"125313-92-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DNZ11VPY7Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486351"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486351"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H16N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ro_31-7453"}]}}{"C121956":{"preferredName":"MKNK1 Inhibitor BAY 1143269","code":"C121956","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (MKNK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MKNK1 inhibitor BAY 1143269 binds to MKNK1, thereby preventing its activation and the downstream MKNK1-mediated phosphorylation and activation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). As eIF4E enhances the synthesis of oncogenic proteins, preventing eIF4E activity inhibits the synthesis of tumor angiogenic factors and leads to both the inhibition of cellular proliferation and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. eIF4E, overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 1143269","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MKNK1 Inhibitor BAY 1143269","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MKNK1 Inhibitor BAY 1143269","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053671"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772160"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772160"}]}}{"C2671":{"preferredName":"MMP Inhibitor S-3304","code":"C2671","definitions":[{"description":"An orally-agent agent with potential antineoplastic activity. S-3304 inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MMP Inhibitor S-3304","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-3304","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S3304","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134613"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"203640-27-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38596"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38596"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"S-3304"}]}}{"C153262":{"preferredName":"MNK1/2 Inhibitor ETC-1907206","code":"C153262","definitions":[{"description":"A selective mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-interacting protein kinase (MNK) types 1/2 inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MNK1/2 inhibitor ETC-1907206 may inhibit MNK1/2-dependent phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and interfere with its role in mRNA translation. eIF4E is an oncoprotein that must be phosphorylated before it can promote the proliferation and progression of tumor cells. MNKs are a family of serine/threonine kinases that have been implicated in oncogenic transformation and tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETC 1907206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETC 206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETC-1907206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETC-206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETC1907206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETC206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MNK1/2 Inhibitor ETC-1907206","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MNK1/2 Inhibitor ETC-1907206","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554490"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794054"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794054"}]}}{"C148280":{"preferredName":"MOF Compound RiMO-301","code":"C148280","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based metal-organic framework (MOF) compound composed of proprietary X-ray-absorbing metals, with potential radiosensitizing properties. Upon intratumoral administration and subsequent irradiation of the tumor site, RiMO-301 absorbs the X-ray photons and produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen, which induces ROS-mediated DNA damage in the irradiated cancer cells leading to tumor cell lysis. In addition, RiMO-301 may also contain an as of yet unidentified immunomodulating agent loaded into the channels/pores of the construct that may induce an immune response against the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) released by the lysed tumor cells, thereby locally killing additional tumor and non-tumor cells. MOFs, porous crystalline materials composed of metal clusters and organic linkers, generate ROS at much lower X-ray dosages than used in standard radiotherapy, which results in reduced radiation exposure and X-ray damage to normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOF Compound RiMO-301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MOF Compound RiMO-301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RiMO-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550908"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795715"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795715"}]}}{"C2638":{"preferredName":"MOv-gamma Chimeric Receptor Gene","code":"C2638","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant engineered chimeric gene derived from the murine gene encoding the variable region of monoclonal antibody MOv18 against folate-binding protein, which is often overexpressed in human ovarian cancer cells, and the gene encoding the Fc receptor for the gamma subunit of human IgG and IgE. Peripheral blood lymphocytes expressing the MOv-gamma gene may be used in the immunotherapeutic treatment of ovarian cancer. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOv-g","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOv-gamma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOv-gamma Chimeric Receptor Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"673412"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935881"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38341"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38341"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MOv-gamma_Chimeric_Receptor_Gene"}]}}{"C95724":{"preferredName":"MTF-1 Inhibitor APTO-253 HCl","code":"C95724","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a small molecule inhibitor of human metal-regulatory transcription factor 1 (MTF-1) with potential antitumor activity. MTF-1 inhibitor APTO-253 inhibits MTF-1 activity and thereby induces the expression of MTF-1 dependent tumor suppressor factor Kruppel like factor 4 (KLF4). This subsequently leads to the downregulation of cyclin D1, blocking cell cycle progression and proliferation. This agent also causes decreased expression of genes involved in tumor hypoxia and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(6-Fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APTO-253 HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOR-253 HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LT-253 HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTF-1 Inhibitor APTO-253 HCl","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MTF-1 Inhibitor APTO-253 HCl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428185"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1422731-37-0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694483"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694483"}]}}{"C95722":{"preferredName":"MUC1-targeted Peptide GO-203-2C","code":"C95722","definitions":[{"description":"An optimized small peptide drug candidate targeting epithelial mucin (MUC1) with antineoplastic activity. MUC1-targeted peptide GO-203-2C interacts with oncoprotein MUC1 C-terminal subunit on the cell surface, thereby impeding cell-cell interactions, signaling, and metastasis. MUC1 antigen, a membrane bound glycoprotein expressed by most glandular and ductal epithelial cells, is over-expressed in many diverse human carcinomas including those of the breast, prostate, lung, colon, pancreas, and ovary, and has been associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GO-203-2C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GO-203-2C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUC1-targeted Peptide GO-203-2C","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MUC1-targeted Peptide GO-203-2C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428184"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5YSY733NA3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694292"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694292"}]}}{"C162806":{"preferredName":"MVA Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine MVA-209-FSP","code":"C162806","definitions":[{"description":"An off-the-shelf neoantigen boosting vaccine comprised of a modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) encoding tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs) derived from the same as of yet undisclosed frameshift peptides (FSPs) targeted by the priming vaccine, great ape adenoviral tumor-specific neoantigen priming vaccine GAd-209-FSP, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Following intramuscular administration of the priming vaccine GAd-209-FSP, the booster MVA tumor-specific neoantigen boosting vaccine MVA-209-FSP may serve to further expand and improve the phenotyping of antigen-specific T-cells targeted to the tumor cells expressing the TSNAs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MVA Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine MVA-209-FSP","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MVA Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine MVA-209-FSP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-209-FSP","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Vaccinia Ankara Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine MVA-209-FSP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine MVA-209-FSP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C88279":{"preferredName":"MVA-FCU1 TG4023","code":"C88279","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding the suicide gene FCU1 with potential antineoplastic activity. FCU1 is a bifunctional yeast cytosine deaminase (CD) / uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (UPRT) fusion gene. Upon intratumoral administration, MVA-FCU1TG4023 enters tumor cells where FCU1 is expressed. Subsequently, the noncytotoxic prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) is administered systemically and is deaminated by CD in FCU1- transduced tumor cells into 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), which is then directly metabolized to 5-fluoro-uridine monophosphate (5-FUMP) by UPRT; 5-FUMP may then be further transformed to 5-fluoro-deoxyuridine monophosphate (5-FdUMP), an irreversible inhibitor of thymidylate synthase and, so, DNA synthesis through deprivation of deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP). 5-FU and its active metabolites may then selectively kill tumor cells, avoiding toxicity in nonmalignant cells. The MVA viral vector, derived from the replication-competent strain Ankara, is a highly attenuated, replication-defective vaccinia strain incapable of virion assembly.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MVA-FCU1 TG4023","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Ankara Virus-Mediated Suicide Gene Delivery Vector TG4023","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG4023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412469"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656523"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656523"}]}}{"C123382":{"preferredName":"MVX-1-loaded Macrocapsule/autologous Tumor Cell Vaccine MVX-ONCO-1","code":"C123382","definitions":[{"description":"A two-component, anti-cancer vaccine containing irradiated tumor cells from a patient, and a capsule implanted with a genetically modified allogeneic cell line that continuously releases granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immune-protective and -boosting activities. Upon subcutaneous injection of MVX-1-loaded macrocapsule/autologous tumor cell vaccine MVX-ONCO-1, the GM-CSF-secreting allogeneic cell capsules and the autologous irradiated cells isolated from the patient's tumor are co-localized in the patient's tissue. This permits the production of GM-CSF and exposes the immune system to the tumor-associated antigens (TAA) expressed by the autologous tumor cells at the injection site. Local expression of GM-CSF recruits and activates antigen-presenting cells (APC), which induces both antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses at the site of the injection and systemically. This may lead to tumor regression. By using the patient's own irradiated cancer cells as vaccine antigens, the patient's immune system is exposed to the entire repertoire of this individual's TAAs. The encapsulated cell technology (ECT) of GM-CSF-secreting allogeneic cell capsules ensures the continuous release of GM-CSF. GM-CSF, a monomeric glycoprotein that functions as a cytokine, is a strong immune booster and plays an important role in the activation of immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MVX-1-loaded Macrocapsule/autologous Tumor Cell Vaccine MVX-ONCO-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVX-ONCO-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474106"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763210"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763210"}]}}{"C115108":{"preferredName":"MYC-targeting siRNA DCR-MYC","code":"C115108","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid nanoparticle-based formulation consisting of small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against the oncogene c-Myc encapsulated in lipids with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of MYC-targeting siRNA DCR-MYC, the lipid formulation promotes the uptake by tumor cells where the siRNAs moieties are subsequently released. The siRNAs bind to c-Myc mRNAs, which may result in the inhibition of translation and expression of the c-Myc protein and leads to growth inhibition for tumor cells that are overexpressing c-Myc. c-Myc, a proto-oncogene overexpressed in a variety of cancers, is involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DCR-M1711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCR-MYC","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MYC-targeting siRNA DCR-MYC","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MYC-targeting siRNA DCR-MYC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472639"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759983"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759983"}]}}{"C95123":{"preferredName":"Macimorelin","code":"C95123","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available synthetic mimetic of the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue ghrelin with potential anti-cachexia activity. Upon oral administration, macimorelin mimics endogenous ghrelin by stimulating appetite and binds to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor GHSR in the central nervous system, thereby mimicking the GH-releasing effects of ghrelin from the pituitary gland. Stimulation of GH secretion increases insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels which may further stimulate protein synthesis. In addition, ghrelin reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which may play a direct role in cancer-related loss of appetite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEZS-130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Tryptophanamide,2-methylalanyl-N-[(1R)-1-(formylamino)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP 1572","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JMV 1843","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MACIMORELIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Macimorelin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Macimorelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solorel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986922"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"381231-18-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8680B21W73"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735530"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735530"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H30N6O3"}]}}{"C87728":{"preferredName":"Macitentan","code":"C87728","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available dual endothelin receptor (ETR) antagonist with potential antihypertensive and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, macitentan and its metabolites block the binding of endothelin isoform 1 (ET-1) to type-A and type-B ETR on both the tumor cells and the endothelial cells in the tumor vasculature. This prevents ET-1 mediated signaling transduction which may decrease tumor cell proliferation, progression, and angiogenesis in tumor tissue. ET-1, a potent vasoconstrictor that plays an important role in inflammation and tissue repair, is, together with its receptors, overexpressed varyingly in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACT-064992","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actelion-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MACITENTAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Macitentan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Macitentan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5-(4-Bromophenyl)-6-(2-((5-Bromopyrimidin-2-Yl)Oxi)Ethoxy)Pyrimidin-4-Yl)-N'-Propylsulfuric Diamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2606556"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"441798-33-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Pulmonary arterial hypertension, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, oncology"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z9K9Y9WMVL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721764"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721764"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H20Br2N6O4S"}]}}{"C154567":{"preferredName":"Maekmoondong-tang","code":"C154567","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional East Asian herbal medicine composed of six herbs, including Ophiopogonis tuber, Pinelliae tuber, Glycyrrhizae radix, Zizyphi fructus, Ginseng radix, and Oryzae semen, with potential anti-tussive activity. Maekmoondong-tang is traditionally prescribed for respiratory symptoms to direct the qi downwards and compensate for lung-yin deficiency or dry lung by tonifying yin and moistening the lung. Although the exact mechanisms through which Maekmoondong-tang exerts its effects have yet to be fully elucidated, this agent may, upon administration, improve the severity of chronic cough, reduce airway hyper-responsiveness possibly by reducing the cough reflex and bronchodilation, and airway inflammation possibly through anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bakumondo-to","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MMDT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maekgeuron Granules","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maekmoondong-tang","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mai-men-dong-tang","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ophiopogonis tuber/Pinelliae tuber/Glycyrrhizae radix/Zizyphi fructus/Ginseng radix/Oryzae semen Herbal Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ-29","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555363"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794323"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794323"}]}}{"C1150":{"preferredName":"Mafosfamide","code":"C1150","definitions":[{"description":"A form of cyclophosphamide that can be administered as an intrathecal infusion. Mafosfamide is being studied as an anticancer drug. It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic oxazaphosphorine derivative with antineoplastic properties. Mafosfamide alkylates DNA, forming DNA cross-links and inhibiting DNA synthesis. Although closely related to cyclophosphamide, mafosfamide, unlike cyclophosphamide, does not require hepatic activation to generate its active metabolite 4-hydroxy-cyclophosphamide; accordingly, mafosfamide is potentially useful in the intrathecal treatment of neoplastic meningitis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mafosfamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mafosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mafosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"345842"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065506"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"88859-04-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5970HH9923"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41254"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41254"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H19Cl2N2O5PS2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mafosfamide"}]}}{"C71156":{"preferredName":"Magnesium Valproate","code":"C71156","definitions":[{"description":"The magnesium salt of valproic acid (2-propylpentanoic acid) with antiepileptic and potential antineoplastic activities. Magnesium valproate dissociates in the gastrointestinal tract and is absorbed into the circulation as magnesium ions and valproic acid ions; valproic acid may inhibit histone deacetylases, inducing tumor cell differentiation, apoptosis, and growth arrest. In addition, valproic acid exerts an antiepileptic effect, likely by inhibiting enzymes that catabolize the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) catabolism and so increasing concentrations of GABA in the central nervous system (CNS). The presence of the magnesium in this agent may contribute to its anticonvulsant activity and sedative properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Magnesium Dipropylacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Magnesium Valproate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentanoic acid, 2-propyl-, Magnesium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VALPROATE MAGNESIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Valproate Magnesium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0524735"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"62959-43-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q400352CM2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573418"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573418"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C8H15O2.Mg"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Magnesium_Valproate"}]}}{"C83904":{"preferredName":"Mannosulfan","code":"C83904","definitions":[{"description":"An alkyl sulfonate with potential antineoplastic activity. Mannosulfan alkylates DNA, thereby producing DNA intra- or interstrand crosslinks, and ultimately results in inhibiting DNA replication and cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MANNOSULFAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mannosulfan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065696"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7518-35-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"135FQ40L36"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H22O14S4"}]}}{"C1990":{"preferredName":"Mannosylerythritol Lipid","code":"C1990","definitions":[{"description":"A yeast glycolipid biosurfactant with potential antineoplastic activity. Mannosylerythritol lipid activates protein kinase signal cascades, resulting in cell differentiation, condensation of chromatin, DNA fragmentation, G1 phase cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis of tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mannosylerythritol Lipid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1099170"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mannosylerythritol_Lipid"}]}}{"C61502":{"preferredName":"Mapatumumab","code":"C61502","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It binds to a protein called TRAIL R1 on the surface of some tumor cells. This may kill the tumor cells. Anti-TRAIL R1-mAb is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human agonistic monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor-1 (TRAIL-R1) with apoptosis promoting and potential antitumor activities. TRAIL-R1 is a cell surface receptor expressed on many malignant cell types. Mapatumumab selectively binds to and activates the TRAIL cell receptor, thereby inducing apoptosis and reducing tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TRAIL R1-mAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGS-ETR1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HGS-ETR1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAPATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mapatumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mapatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRM-1 mAb","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-TRAIL R1-mAb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1665688"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WZ1025JPGR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486626"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486626"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mapatumumab"}]}}{"C157776":{"preferredName":"Maraba Oncolytic Virus Expressing Mutant HPV E6/E7","code":"C157776","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant, attenuated form of the oncolytic rhabdovirus Maraba (MG1) encoding inactive, mutant forms of the human papillomavirus (HPV) transforming proteins E6 and E7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of MG1-E6E7, MG1 preferentially infects tumor cells and induces the expression of the E6 and E7 proteins. The MG1 virus exerts its oncolytic activity, thereby directly lysing tumor cells. Following the lysis of infected cells, the virus is released and can infect adjacent cells, which both induces further tumor cell oncolysis and may activate the immune system to kill the infected tumor cells. The expressed E6 and E7 proteins stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HPV E6 and E7, thereby further inducing tumor cell lysis. Oncoproteins E6 and E7 play a key role in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MG1-E6/E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG1-E6E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG1-expressing Mutant HPV E6/E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maraba Oncolytic Virus Expressing Mutant HPV E6/E7","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Maraba Oncolytic Virus Expressing Mutant HPV E6/E7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic MG1 Virus-encoding E6E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Virus MG1-E6E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937424"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797163"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797163"}]}}{"C1152":{"preferredName":"Marcellomycin","code":"C1152","definitions":[{"description":"An antineoplastic oligosaccharide anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Actinosporangium bohemicum. Marcellomycin intercalates into DNA and induces DNA crosslinks, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also induces differentiation in HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells by interfering with glycoprotein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Naphthacenecarboxylic acid, 4-[[O-2,6-dideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-2, 6-dideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl-(1-4)-2,3, 6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-2-e thyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-2,5,7,10-tetrahydroxy-6,11-dioxo-, methyl ester, (1R-(1alpha,2beta,4beta))- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MARCELLOMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Marcellomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhodirubin E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"265211"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065718"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"63710-10-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39758"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39758"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Marcellomycin"}]}}{"C91733":{"preferredName":"Margetuximab","code":"C91733","definitions":[{"description":"A Fc-domain optimized IgG monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After binding to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, margetuximab may induce an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells overexpressing HER2. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. Compared to other anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies, the Fc domain of MGAH22 is optimized with increased binding to the activating Fcgamma receptor IIIA (CD16A), expressed on cells such as natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages, thereby mediating an enhanced ADCC; the Fc domain also shows decreased binding to the inhibitory Fcgamma receptor IIB (CD32B).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(human Neu (Receptor)) (Human-Mus musculus Monoclonal MGAH22 Clone ch4D5 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mus musculus Monoclonal MGAH22 Clone ch4D5 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MARGETUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MGAH-22","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGAH22","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Margetuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Margetuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421637"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K911R84KEW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681010"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681010"}]}}{"C1652":{"preferredName":"Marimastat","code":"C1652","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors. Marimastat is a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active synthetic hydroxamate with potential antineoplastic activity. Marimastat covalently binds to the zinc(II) ion in the active site of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby inhibiting the action of MMPs, inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. This agent may also inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme (TACE), an enzyme involved in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production that may play a role in some malignancies as well as in the development of arthritis and sepsis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S,3R)-3-(((1S)-2,2-Dimethyl-1-(methylcarbamoxy)propyl)carboyl)-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexanohydroxamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(2S,3R)-3-{(S)-[2,2-Dimethyl-1-(methylcarbamoyl) propyl]carbamoyl}-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexanohydroxamic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB 2516","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BB-2516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MARIMASTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Marimastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Marimastat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Marimastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marimistat","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TA-2516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"marimastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"719333"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"689451"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338344"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154039-60-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D5EQV23TDS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42443"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42443"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H29N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Marimastat"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50662"}]}}{"C64634":{"preferredName":"Marizomib","code":"C64634","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally-occurring salinosporamide, isolated from the marine actinomycete Salinospora tropica, with potential antineoplastic activity. Marizomib irreversibly binds to and inhibits the 20S catalytic core subunit of the proteasome by covalently modifying its active site threonine residues; inhibition of ubiquitin-proteasome mediated proteolysis results in an accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins, which may result in the disruption of cellular processes, cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis. This agent more may more potent and selective than the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1R,4R,5S)-4-(2-chloroethyl)-1-{(S)-[(1S)-cyclohex-2-en-1-yl]hydroxymethyl}-5-methyl-6-oxa-2-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-3,7-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MARIZOMIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ML 858","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marizomib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Marizomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marizomib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPI-0052","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salinosporamide A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salinosporin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1259854"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"437742-34-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"703P9YDP7F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518316"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518316"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H20ClNO4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"NPI-0052"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:48045"}]}}{"C79831":{"preferredName":"Masitinib Mesylate","code":"C79831","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable mesylate salt of masatinib, a multi-targeted protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Masitinib selectively binds to and inhibits both the wild-type and mutated forms of the stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit; SCFR); platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR); fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3); and, to a lesser extent, focal adhesion kinase (FAK). As a consequence, tumor cell proliferation may be inhibited in cancer cell types that overexpress these receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]-N-(4-methyl-3-{[4-(pyridin-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]amino}phenyl)benzamide Mesylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB1010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Masitinib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Masitinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2351399"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629109"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629109"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Masitinib_Mesylate"}]}}{"C701":{"preferredName":"Masoprocol","code":"C701","definitions":[{"description":"A drug put on the skin to treat growths caused by sun exposure. A form of Masoprocol that is taken by mouth is being studied in the treatment of prostate cancer. Masoprocol is an antioxidant, and it may block certain enzymes needed for tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally occurring antioxidant dicatechol originally derived from the creosote bush Larrea divaricatta with antipromoter, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activities. Masoprocol directly inhibits activation of two receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) and the c-erbB2/HER2/neu receptor, resulting in decreased proliferation of susceptible tumor cell populations. This agent may induce apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations as a result of disruption of the actin cytoskeleton in association with the activation of stress activated protein kinases (SAPKs). In addition, masoprocol inhibits arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase (5LOX), resulting in diminished synthesis of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. It may prevent leukocyte infiltration into tissues and the release of reactive oxygen species.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4,4'-(2,3-Dimethyl-1,4-butanediyl)bis[1,2-benzenediol]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Actinex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MASOPROCOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Masoprocol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Masoprocol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NDGA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NDGA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"NDGA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NDHGA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nordihydroguaiaretic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"masoprocol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"8450672"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"4291"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0733397"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"27686-84-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7BO8G1BYQU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"479648"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"479648"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H22O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nordihydroguaiaretic_Acid"}]}}{"C2045":{"preferredName":"Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor MMI270","code":"C2045","definitions":[{"description":"An orally-active synthetic hydroxamic acid derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. MMI270 inhibits a broad spectrum of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (specifically MMP-1, 2, 3, 9, and 13), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. This agent may also downregulate lymphangiogenesis, resulting in decreased lymphatic system-related metastasis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2R)-N-Hydroxy-2-[[(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl](3-pyridinylmethyl)amino]-3-methylbutanamide Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(2R)-N-Hydroxy-2-[[(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl](3-pyridinylmethyl)amino]-3-methylbutanamide Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGS27023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGS27023A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MMI 270B CGS27023A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor MMI270","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-hydroxy-2(R)-[(4-methoxysulfony) (3-picolyl)-amino]-3-metylbutaneamide hydrochloride monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-hydroxy-2(R)-[[4- methoxysulfonyl](3-picolyl)amino]-3-methylbutaneamide hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0385829"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MMI270"}]}}{"C2012":{"preferredName":"Matuzumab","code":"C2012","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to cancer cells. EMD 72000 binds to the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) on tumor cells and blocks growth signals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody with antineoplastic activity. Matuzumab binds the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with high affinity, competitively blocking natural ligand binding and inhibiting receptor-mediated downstream signalling, resulting in impaired tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EMD 72000","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"EMD 72000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Matuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"matuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328134"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350433"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350433"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"EMD_72000"}]}}{"C120307":{"preferredName":"Mavelertinib","code":"C120307","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Mavelertinib specifically binds to and inhibits EGFR T790M, a secondary acquired resistance mutation, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR/T790M-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, PF-06747775 may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance. This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type EGFR (WT EGFR), and does not cause dose-limiting toxicities that occur during the use of non-selective EGFR inhibitors, which can inhibit WT EGFR. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenamide, N-((3R,4R)-4-fluoro-1-(6-((3-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)amino)-9-methyl-9H-purin-2-yl)-3-pyrrolidinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAVELERTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mavelertinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mavelertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06747775","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896785"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1776112-90-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YXX2180047"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768709"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768709"}]}}{"C126660":{"preferredName":"Mavorixafor","code":"C126660","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint inhibitory activities. Upon administration, mavorixafor selectively binds to CXCR4 and prevents the binding of CXCR4 to its ligand, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12). This inhibits receptor activation and results in decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, inhibition of CXCR4 prevents the recruitment of regulatory T-cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to the tumor microenvironment, thereby abrogating CXCR4-mediated immunosuppression and enabling the activation of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response against cancer cells. The G protein-coupled receptor CXCR4, which is upregulated in several tumor cell types, induces the recruitment of immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment, suppresses immune surveillance, and promotes tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. It is also a co-receptor for HIV entry into T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-N1-((1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-N1-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolin-8-yl)butane-1,4-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMD-070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMD-11070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMD11070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAVORIXAFOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mavorixafor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mavorixafor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X4P 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X4P-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X4P001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2930725"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"558447-26-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0G9LGB5O2W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780512"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780512"}]}}{"C626":{"preferredName":"Maytansine","code":"C626","definitions":[{"description":"An ansamycin antibiotic originally isolated from the Ethiopian shrub Maytenus serrata. Maytansine binds to tubulin at the rhizoxin binding site, thereby inhibiting microtubule assembly, inducing microtubule disassembly, and disrupting mitosis. Maytansine exhibits cytotoxicity against many tumor cell lines and may inhibit tumor growth in vivo. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alanine, N-acetyl-N-methyl-, 6-ester with 11-chloro-6, 21-dihydroxy-12,20-dimethoxy-2,5,9,16-tetramethyl-4,24-dioxa-9, 22-diazatetracyclo[19.3.1.1(10,24).0(3,5)]hexacosa-10,12,14[26], 16,18-pentaene-8,23-dione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Alanine, N-acetyl-N-methyl-, 11-chloro-21-hydroxy-12,20-dimethoxy-2,5,9,16-tetramethyl-8, 23-dioxo-4,24-dioxa-9,22-diazatetracyclo[19.3.1.110,14.03, 5]hexacosa-10,12,14(26),16,18-pentaen-6-yl ester, [1S-(1R*,2S*, 3R*,5R*,6R*,16E,18E,20S*,21R*)]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-alanine, N-acetyl-N-methyl-, 11-chloro-21-hydroxy-12,20-dimethoxy-2,5,9,16-tetramethyl-8,23-dioxo-4,24-dioxa-9,22-diazatetracyclo[19.3.1.110,14.03, 5]hexacosa-10,12,14(26),16,18-pentaen-6-yl ester, [1S-(1R*,2S*,3R*,5R*,6R*,16E,18E,20S*,21R*)]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAYTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Maitansine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Maitansine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maysanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Maysanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maytansin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Maytansin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maytansine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Maytansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alanine, N-acetyl-N-methyl-, 6-ester with 11-chloro-6, 21-dihydroxy-12,20-dimethoxy-2,5,9,16-tetramethyl-4,24-dioxa-9,22-diazatetracyclo[19.3.1.1(10,24).0(3,5)]hexacosa-10,12,14[26], 16,18-pentaene-8,23-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"153858"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024975"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"35846-53-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"14083FR882"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39492"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39492"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H46ClN3O10"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Maytansine"}]}}{"C137989":{"preferredName":"Mcl-1 Inhibitor AZD5991","code":"C137989","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (myeloid cell leukemia-1; Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AZD5991 binds to Mcl-1, thereby preventing the binding of Mcl-1 to and inactivation of certain pro-apoptotic proteins, and promoting apoptosis of cells overexpressing Mcl-1. Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the Bcl-2 family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD-5991","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD5991","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCL1 Inhibitor AZD5991","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mcl-1 Inhibitor AZD5991","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524956"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790242"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790242"}]}}{"C133174":{"preferredName":"Mcl-1 Inhibitor MIK665","code":"C133174","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MIK665 binds to and inhibits the activity of Mcl-1, which promotes apoptosis of cells overexpressing Mcl-1. Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the Bcl-2 family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MIK 665","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIK-665","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MIK-665","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIK665","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mcl-1 Inhibitor MIK665","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mcl-1 Inhibitor MIK665","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S 64315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-64315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S64315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520448"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1799638-19-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"801XYWHNOS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C62056":{"preferredName":"Mechlorethamine","code":"C62056","definitions":[{"description":"The nitrogen mustard vesicant HN-2.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A synthetic agent related to sulphur mustard with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. Nitrogen mustard (a member of a family of chemotherapy agents including cyclophosphamide and chlorambucil) is an irritant and carcinogenic agent metabolized to a highly reactive ethylene immonium derivative; the ethylene immonium derivative alkylates DNA and inhibits DNA replication. This agent also exhibits lympholytic properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bis(2-chloroethyl)methylamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorethazine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chlormethine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HN 2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HN2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MECHLORETHAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mechlorethamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylbis(beta-chloroethyl)amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mustine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NITROGEN MUSTARD HN-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nitrogen Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chlorethazine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chloromethine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ethanamine,2-chloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-methyl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"methylchlorethamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025033"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51-75-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"50D9XSG0VR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H11Cl2N"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mechlorethamine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28925"}]}}{"C627":{"preferredName":"Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride","code":"C627","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat some types of cancer and some skin conditions that may become cancer. It attaches to the cell's DNA and may kill cancer cells. Mechlorethamine hydrochloride is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of mechlorethamine, a nitrogen mustard and an analogue of sulfur mustard, with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Mechlorethamine is metabolized to an unstable, highly reactive ethyleniminium intermediate that alkylates DNA, particularly the 7 nitrogen of guanine residues, resulting in DNA base pair mismatching, DNA interstrand crosslinking, the inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. This agent also exhibits lympholytic properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bis(2-chloroethyl)methylamine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Caryolysine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Caryolysine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorethamine HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorethazine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlormethine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlormethine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chloromethine HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chloromethine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cloramin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erasol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Erasol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HN 2 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MECHLORETHAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mechlorethamine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Methylbis(beta-chloroethyl)amine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Methylbis(beta-chloroethyl)amine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylchlorethamine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mustargen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Mustargen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mustargen HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mustargen Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mustargen hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mustine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mustine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-Lost","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-Lost","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onco-Cloramin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-147650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chlorethamine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ethanamine,2-chloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-methyl Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mechlorethamine HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mechlorethamine hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"mustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"762"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0600266"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"55-86-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Bronchogenic carcinoma; chronic lymphocytic and myelcytic leukemia; Hodgkins dieseas, palliative; lymphosarcoma; mycosis fungoides; polycythemia vera"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L0MR697HHI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43434"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43434"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H11Cl2N.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nitrogen_Mustard"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:55368"}]}}{"C119736":{"preferredName":"Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride Gel","code":"C119736","definitions":[{"description":"A gel formulation composed of the hydrochloride salt form of mechlorethamine, which is a nitrogen mustard alkylating agent and an analog of sulfur mustard, with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Upon topical application, mechlorethamine is metabolized to an unstable, highly reactive ethyleniminium intermediate that binds to and alkylates DNA, with a high affinity to the N7 nitrogen of guanine residues. This results in DNA base pair mismatching, DNA interstrand crosslinking, the inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mechlorethamine HCl Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride Gel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Valchlor","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3666714"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766986"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766986"}]}}{"C87599":{"preferredName":"Medorubicin","code":"C87599","definitions":[{"description":"A demethoxy derivative of doxorubicin with antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,3S)-3-Glycoloyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-Hexahydro-3,5,12-Trihydroxy-6,11-Dioxo-1-Naphthacenyl 3-Amino-2,3,6-Trideoxy-Alpha-L-Lyxo-Hexopyranoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Demethoxydoxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Medorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"256438"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048224"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"64314-52-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NU158DGH9E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H27NO10"}]}}{"C629":{"preferredName":"Medroxyprogesterone","code":"C629","definitions":[{"description":"A hormonal anticancer drug that is also used in cancer prevention. It belongs to the family of drugs called progestins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of progesterone administered as an acetate salt (medroxyprogesterone acetate) with antiestrogenic activity. As a do all progestins, medroxyprogesterone binds to and activates nuclear receptors which subsequently bind to and activate target genes for transcription. As an antiestrogen, this agent may inhibit the growth-stimulating effects of estrogen on estrogen-sensitive tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6Alpha)-17-hydroxy-6-methylpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17Alpha-hydroxy-6alpha-methylprogesterone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6Alpha-methyl-17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6Alpha-methyl-4-pregnen-17alpha-ol-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Curretab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Curretab","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDROXYPROGESTERONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"medroxyprogesterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"27408"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025147"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"520-85-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast carcinoma; Contraception; Endometrial carcinoma; Renal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HSU1C9YRES"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39813"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39813"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H32O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Medroxyprogesterone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6715"}]}}{"C1155":{"preferredName":"Medroxyprogesterone Acetate","code":"C1155","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to prevent endometrial cancer. It is also used to treat menstrual disorders and as a form of birth control. It is a form of the female hormone progesterone and belongs to the family of drugs called progestins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, acetate derivative of the sex hormone progesterone. Medroxyprogesterone 17-acetate (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6alpha)-17-(Acetyloxy)-6-methylpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-(Acetyloxy)-6alpha-methylpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Hydroxy-6alpha-methylpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17Alpha-acetoxy-6alpha-methylprogesterone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Alpha-methyl-17alpha-acetoxyprogesterone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aragest","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ciclotal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clinofem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clinovir","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cycrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Clinovir","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Provera","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-provera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Depot-Medroxyprogestereone Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Farlutal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Farlutal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-Farlutal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gestapuran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Gestapuran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hysron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutoral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lutoral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone 17-Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesteroni Acetas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylacetoxyprogesterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metipregnone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nadigest","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Nadigest (vet)","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nidaxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Nidaxin (vet)","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oragest","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oragest","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perlutex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Perlutex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prodasone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Prodasone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Provera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Provera","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodelut G","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Veramix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Veramix","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"medroxyprogesterone acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"26386"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"21171"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065864"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"71-58-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C2QI4IOI2G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H34O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Medroxyprogesterone_17-Acetate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6716"}]}}{"C1156":{"preferredName":"Megestrol Acetate","code":"C1156","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to block estrogen and suppress the effects of estrogen and androgens. It is used to treat breast and endometrial cancer, and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is also used to improve appetite in patients with cancer. Megace belongs to the group of hormones called progestins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The acetate salt form of megestrol, a synthetic derivative of the naturally occurring female sex hormone progesterone with potential anti-estrogenic and antineoplastic activity. Mimicking the action of progesterone, megestrol acetate binds to and activates nuclear progesterone receptors in the reproductive system, and causes the ligand-receptor complex to be translocated to the nucleus where it binds to and promotes expression of target genes. This leads to an alteration in protein synthesis, which modulates cell growth of reproductive tissues. Due to the negative feedback mechanism seen with progesterone, megestrol also blocks luteinizing hormone (LH) release from the pituitary gland, thereby leading to an inhibition of ovulation and an alteration in the cervical mucus and endometrium. Furthermore, without stimulation of LH, estrogen release from the ovaries is stopped, hence impedes the growth of estrogen-sensitive tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(9beta,10alpha)-17-(Acetyloxy)-6-methylpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17 Alpha-acetoxy-6-methylpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Hydroxy-6-methylpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Hydroxy-6-methylpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"17.alpha.-Acetoxy-6-methylpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Dehydro-6-methyl-17 alpha-acetoxyprogesterone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Dehydro-6-methyl-17.alpha.-acetoxyprogesterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Methyl-6-dehydro-17.alpha.-acetoxyprogesterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Methyl-delta-4,6-pregnadien-17 alpha-ol-3,20-dione Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BDH 1298","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BDH-1298","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEGESTROL ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Maygace","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Megace","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Megace","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Megace","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Megestat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Megestil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Megestrol Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Megestrol Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Megestrol Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Niagestin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Niagestin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovaban","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ovaban","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pallace","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-10363","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SC-10363","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"71423"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065879"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"595-33-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Appetite enhancement, AIDS patients; Breast cancer, palliative treatment; Endometrial carcinoma, palliative treatment"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TJ2M0FR8ES"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43435"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43435"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H32O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Megestrol_Acetate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6723"}]}}{"C29178":{"preferredName":"Melanoma Monoclonal Antibody hIgG2A","code":"C29178","definitions":[{"description":"One of a number human monoclonal antibodies of the immunoglobulin subclass IgG2a directed against melanoma antigens with potential antineoplastic activity. A melanoma monoclonal antibody, subclass IgG2A, may have potential use as a diagnostic agent and, therapeutically, may induce macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity against antibody-bound melanoma cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"M A IG2A Human Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma Monoclonal Antibody hIgG2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1513096"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Melanoma_Monoclonal_Antibody_hIgG2A"}]}}{"C91380":{"preferredName":"Melanoma TRP2 CTL Epitope Vaccine SCIB1","code":"C91380","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary DNA-based cancer vaccine that encodes a melanoma antigen tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP2) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitope and a modified monoclonal antibody, a chimera of human IgG1/murine IgG2a with T cell mimotopes expressed within the complementarity-determining regions (CDR) of the antibodies, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular injection and electroporation, melanoma TRP2 CTL epitope vaccine SCIB1 expresses the modified antibody. Subsequently, the Fc component of the engineered antibody targets and binds to the CD64 receptor on the dendritic cells (DCs); upon processing by DCs, the cellular immune system may be activated to induce helper T-cell and CTL immune responses against tumor cells expressing the TRP2 antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Melanoma TRP2 CTL Epitope Vaccine SCIB1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCIB1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421601"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675320"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675320"}]}}{"C120183":{"preferredName":"Melapuldencel-T","code":"C120183","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic melanoma vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with antigens from lethally irradiated autologous tumor cells derived from a patient-specific, continuously proliferating and melanoma-initiating cell line and suspended in a solution containing the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, melapuldencel-T may stimulate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against the patient's repertoire of melanoma-associated antigens, particularly tumor stem cell antigens, found in the irradiated autologous cancer cells. As an immunostimulant, GM-CSF enhances the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and promotes antigen presentation to both B- and T-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous DCs Loaded with Irradiated Autologous Tumor Cells in GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Dendritic Cells Loaded with Irradiated Autologous Tumor Cells in Granulocyte-macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DC-TC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melapuldencel-T","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Melapuldencel-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896681"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C107680":{"preferredName":"Melphalan Flufenamide","code":"C107680","definitions":[{"description":"A melphalan prodrug in which the alkylating agent melphalan is bound to flufenamide, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, the dipeptide bond in the melphalan-flufenamide compound is hydrolyzed by peptidases, which are overexpressed by certain cancer cells. This results in the specific release and accumulation of the active metabolite melphalan in cancer cells. Melphalan alkylates DNA at the N7 position of guanine residues and induces DNA intra- and inter-strand cross-linkages. This results in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and the induction of apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. The administration of the melphalan-flufenamide prodrug allows for enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity compared to melphalan alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ethyl (2S)-2-((2S)-2-Amino-3-(4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)propanamido)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"J-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"J1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-melphalanyl-p-L-fluorophenylalanine Ethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MELPHALAN FLUFENAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Melflufen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melphalan Flufenamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Melphalan Flufenamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prodrug J1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ygalo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1435750"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"380449-51-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F70C5K4786"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751473"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751473"}]}}{"C48002":{"preferredName":"Melphalan Hydrochloride","code":"C48002","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat multiple myeloma and ovarian epithelial cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bifunctional alkylating agent and phenylalanine derivative of nitrogen mustard. Melphalan hydrochloride is converted into highly reactive ethylenimmonium intermediates that induce covalent guanine N7-N7 intra- and inter-crosslinks and alkylation of adenine N3 of DNA. This agent also alkylates RNA and protein structures. As a result RNA transcription and protein synthesis are inhibited, ultimately leading to cell growth arrest and/or death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(p-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)-L-Alanine, Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alkeran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Alkeran","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alkerana","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Evomela","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MELPHALAN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Melphalan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Melphalan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"241286"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771055"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3223-07-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1VXP4V453T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H18Cl2N2O2.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Melphalan_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C84878":{"preferredName":"Melphalan Hydrochloride/Sulfobutyl Ether Beta-Cyclodextrin Complex","code":"C84878","definitions":[{"description":"A propylene glycol-free intravenous formulation containing the hydrochloride salt of the nitrogen mustard phenylalanine derivative melphalan complexed with polyanionic sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin (SBE-CD) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, melphalan is converted into highly reactive ethylenimmonium intermediates that induce covalent guanine N7-N7 intra- and inter-crosslinks and alkylation of adenine N3 of DNA; RNA and proteins may also be alkylated. Subsequently, RNA transcription and protein synthesis are inhibited, resulting in cell growth arrest. The addition of sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin to the formulation improves the solubility, stability and ease of use of melphalan; cyclodextrins are cyclic dextrins derived from starch.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Captisol-enabled Melphalan IV","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melphalan Hydrochloride/Sulfobutyl Ether Beta-Cyclodextrin Complex","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Melphalan Hydrochloride/Sulfobutyl Ether Beta-Cyclodextrin Complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412380"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649061"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649061"}]}}{"C84860":{"preferredName":"Membrane-Disrupting Peptide EP-100","code":"C84860","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, positively charged fusion protein consisting of a luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) receptor-targeting ligand conjugated to the membrane-disrupting peptide CLIP 71 with membrane-disrupting and potential antineoplastic activities. The LHRH ligand moiety of membrane-disrupting peptide EP-100 specifically binds to LHRH receptors, which are upregulated on a variety of human cancer cell types. Subsequently, the positively charged CLIP 71 moiety of this agent interacts with the negatively charged membrane on the cancer cell surface, which may result in cell membrane disruption and cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EP-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Membrane-Disrupting Peptide EP-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Membrane-Disrupting Peptide EP-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412421"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"652192"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"652192"}]}}{"C52194":{"preferredName":"Menatetrenone","code":"C52194","definitions":[{"description":"A menaquinone compound and form of vitamin K2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Menatetrenone may act by modulating the signalling of certain tyrosine kinases, thereby affecting several transcription factors including c-myc and c-fos. This agent inhibits tumor cell growth by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methyl-3-trans-tetraprenyl-1,4-naphthoquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E0167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MENATETRENONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Menaquinone K4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Menaquinone-4","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Menatetrenone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin MK 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065936"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"863-61-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"27Y876D139"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459755"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459755"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H40O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Menatetrenone"}]}}{"C1389":{"preferredName":"Menogaril","code":"C1389","definitions":[{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic nogalamycin. Menogaril intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7(R)-O-Methylnogarol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"7-(R)-O-methylnogarol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-OMEN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"7-OMEN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-con-O-Methylnogarol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"7-con-O-methylnogarol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-con-O-methylnorgarol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MENOGARIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MENOGARIL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Menogaril","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Menogarol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMEN,7-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TUT-7","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-52047","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"U-52047","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[2R-(2alpha,3beta,4alpha,5beta,6alpha,11alpha,13alpha)]-4-(dimethylamino)-3,4,5,6,11,12,13,14-octahydro-3,5,8,10,13-pentahydroxy-11-methoxy-6,13-dimethyl-2,6-epoxy-2H-naphthaceno[1,2-b]oxocin-9,16-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"269148"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0127527"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"71628-96-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8JSV4O30HQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40153"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H31NO10"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Menogaril"}]}}{"C1390":{"preferredName":"Merbarone","code":"C1390","definitions":[{"description":"A nonsedating derivative of thiobarbituric acid and a novel catalytic topoisomerase II inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Merbarone interferes with DNA replication via binding directly to topoisomerase II at a domain that maybe shared by other topoisomerase II cleavage-enhancing agents, ex., etoposide. Its mechanism of action appears to be a novel one, since merbarone does not intercalate DNA nor stabilize DNA-topoisomerase II cleavable complexes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Merbarone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Merbarone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"336628"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0127565"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40220"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40220"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Merbarone"}]}}{"C195":{"preferredName":"Mercaptopurine","code":"C195","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat acute lymphatic leukemia. It belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A thiopurine-derivative antimetabolite with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Produced through the metabolism of mercaptopurine by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT), mercaptopurine metabolites 6-thioguanosine-5'-phosphate (6-thioGMP) and 6-thioinosine monophosphate (T-IMP) inhibit nucleotide interconversions and de novo purine synthesis, thereby blocking the formation of purine nucleotides and inhibiting DNA synthesis. This agent is also incorporated into DNA in the form of deoxythioguanosine, which results in the disruption of DNA replication. In addition, mercaptopurine is converted to 6-methylmercaptopurine ribonucleoside (MMPR) by 6-thiopurine methyltransferase; MMPRs are also potent inhibitors of de novo purine synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,7-Dihydro-6H-purine-6-thione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,7-Dihydro-6H-purine-6-thione Monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3H-Purine-6-thiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"3H-Purine-6-thiol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6 MP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6 Thiohypoxanthine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6 Thiopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-MP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-MP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Mercaptopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Mercaptopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Mercaptopurine Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Purinethiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Purinethiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Thiopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Thiopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Thioxopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Thioxopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6H-Purine-6-thione, 1,7-dihydro- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6H-Purine-6-thione, 1,7-dihydro- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Mercapto-1,3,4,6-tetrazaindene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"7-Mercapto-1,3,4,6-tetrazaindene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alti-Mercaptopurine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azathiopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BW 57-323H","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bw 57-323H","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Flocofil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ismipur","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ismipur","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukerin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leukerin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leupurin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leupurin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MERCAPTOPURINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mercaleukim","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mercaleukim","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaleukin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mercaleukin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercapto-6-purine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptopurine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Mercaptopurine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mercaptopurine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptopurinum","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercapurin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mercapurin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mern","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mern","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCI-C04886","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Puri-Nethol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Puri-Nethol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purimethol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Purimethol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purine, 6-mercapto-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Purine-6-thiol (8CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Purine-6-thiol (8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purine-6-thiol Monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purine-6-thiol, Monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purine-6-thiol, monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Purinethiol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purinethol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Purinethol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Purinethol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-4748","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"U-4748","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-2785","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mercaptopurine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"755"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0000618"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6112-76-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute lymphocytic leukemia; Acute myelogenous leukemia; Crohns disease; Hodgkins lymphoma in children; Lymphoblastic lymphoma; Ulcerative colitis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E7WED276I5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43436"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43436"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H4N4S.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mercaptopurine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31822"}]}}{"C61832":{"preferredName":"Mercaptopurine Anhydrous","code":"C61832","definitions":[{"description":"The anhydrous form of mercaptopurine, a thiopurine-derivative antimetabolite with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Produced through the metabolism of mercaptopurine by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT), mercaptopurine metabolites 6-thioguanosine-5'-phosphate (6-thioGMP) and 6-thioinosine monophosphate (T-IMP) inhibit nucleotide interconversions and de novo purine synthesis, thereby blocking the formation of purine nucleotides and inhibiting DNA synthesis. This agent is also incorporated into DNA in the form of deoxythioguanosine, which results in the disruption of DNA replication. In addition, mercaptopurine is converted to 6-methylmercaptopurine ribonucleoside (MMPR) by 6-thiopurine methyltransferase; MMPRs are also potent inhibitors of de novo purine synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MERCAPTOPURINE ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mercaptopurine Anhydrous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881785"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-44-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PKK6MUZ20G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H4N4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mercaptopurine_Anhydrous"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50667"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2208"}]}}{"C111757":{"preferredName":"Mercaptopurine Oral Suspension","code":"C111757","definitions":[{"description":"An oral suspension containing the thiopurine-derivative antimetabolite 6-mercaptopurine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mercaptopurine is metabolized by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRTase) to its active metabolite 6-thioinosine monophosphate (TIMP); TIMP inhibits nucleotide interconversions and de novo purine ribonucleotide synthesis, which both blocks the formation of purine nucleotides and inhibits DNA synthesis. This agent is also incorporated into DNA in the form of deoxythioguanosine, which results in the disruption of DNA replication. By blocking DNA synthesis and replication, cancer cells are unable to proliferate. Compared to the tablet formulation, the liquid is easier to swallow and offers more flexibility and accuracy in dosing, which is beneficial for use in pediatric patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-MP Oral Suspension","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptopurine Oral Suspension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purixan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xaluprine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3820263"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752956"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752956"}]}}{"C95729":{"preferredName":"Merestinib","code":"C95729","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met (also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR)) with potential antineoplastic activity. Merestinib selectively binds to c-Met, thereby inhibiting c-Met phosphorylation and disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. This agent has potent anti-tumor efficacy in mono and combination therapy in a broad range of cancers. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Pyridinecarboxamide, N-(3-fluoro-4-((1-methyl-6-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-indazol-5-yl)oxy)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,2-dihydro-6-methyl-2-oxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2801653","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2801653","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MERESTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Merestinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Merestinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987379"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1206799-15-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5OGS5K699E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694732"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694732"}]}}{"C192":{"preferredName":"Mesna","code":"C192","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that helps protect the kidneys and bladder from the toxic effects of anticancer drugs such as ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sulfhydryl compound that is used to reduce the incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis associated with certain chemotherapeutic agents. Mesna is converted to a free thiol compound in the kidney, where it binds to and inactivates acrolein and other urotoxic metabolites of ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide, thereby reducing their toxic effects on the urinary tract during urinary excretion. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Mercaptoethanesulfonate, Sodium Salt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2-Mercaptoethanesulfonic Acid Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ausobronc","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-7093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Filesna","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MESNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mercaptoethane Sulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptoethanesulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesna","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mesna","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mesna","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesnex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesnil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesnum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mexan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mistabron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mistabronco","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mistabronco","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitexan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucofluid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mucofluid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucolene","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium 2-Mercaptoethane Sulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium 2-Mercaptoethanesulphonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCB 3983","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uromitexan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Uromitexan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ziken","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mesna","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"113891"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0000294"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"19767-45-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis, prophylaxis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NR7O1405Q9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39759"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39759"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C2H5O3S2.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mesna"}]}}{"C162935":{"preferredName":"Mesothelin/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN536","code":"C162935","definitions":[{"description":"recombinant antibody derivative composed of a tri-specific T-cell activating construct (TriTAC) directed against the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN) and the epsilon domain of CD3 antigen (CD3e) found on T-lymphocytes which are both linked to either side of an anti-albumin single domain antibody, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the MSLN/CD3e TriTAC HPN536, the anti-MSLN single antibody domain targets and binds MSLN on tumor cells and the anti-CD3e single-chain variable fragment (scFv) targets and binds to CD3e on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), thereby bringing MSLN-expressing tumor cells and CTLs together, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of MSLN-expressing tumor cells. The albumin-binding domain targets and binds to serum albumin, thereby extending the serum half-life of HPN536. MSLN is overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cell types. Overexpression of MSLN is often associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPN 536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPN-536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPN536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSLN-specific TriTAC HPN536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSLN/CD3e TriTAC HPN536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelin-targeting T-cell Engager HPN536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelin/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN536","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mesothelin/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN536","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelin/CD3e-specific TriTAC HPN536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TriTAC HPN536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799094"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799094"}]}}{"C162480":{"preferredName":"MetAP2 Inhibitor APL-1202","code":"C162480","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of methionine aminopeptidase II type (MetAP2) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, APL-1202 binds to and reversibly inhibits MetAP2, thereby preventing MetAP2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This may suppress endothelial cell growth and inhibit tumor angiogenesis, resulting in tumor cell death. MetAP2, a member of the dimetallohydrolase family, is upregulated in certain tumor cell types and plays a key role in angiogenesis, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APL 1202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APL-1202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APL1202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MetAP2 Inhibitor APL-1202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ethionine Aminopeptidase Type II Inhibitor APL-1202","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798664"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798664"}]}}{"C128030":{"preferredName":"MetAP2 Inhibitor SDX-7320","code":"C128030","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic copolymer-drug conjugate of a fumagillin-derived methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2) inhibitor conjugated to the bio-compatible polymer poly(N-(hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide) (HPMA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of SDX-7320, the active moiety SDX7539 is released inside the tumor cells. SDX7539 binds to and inhibits MetAP2, which prevents MetAP2-mediated signal transduction pathways and results in tumor cell death. MetAP2, a member of the dimetallohydrolase family upregulated in certain tumor cell types, plays a key role in angiogenesis, proliferation and survival. Polymer conjugation reduces systemic drug exposure and increases this agent's efficacy as compared to non-polymer conjugates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MetAP2 Inhibitor SDX-7320","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methionine aminopeptidase type II Inhibitor SDX-7320","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SDX-7320","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507924"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781275"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781275"}]}}{"C83946":{"preferredName":"Metamelfalan","code":"C83946","definitions":[{"description":"The meta form of the levo isomer melphalan, an alkylating nitrogen mustard with potential antineoplastic activity. Metamelfalan causes crosslinking of DNA, thereby preventing DNA replication and eventually cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"METAMELFALAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Metamelfalan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0127767"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1088-80-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3B30XBE7S2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H18Cl2N2O2"}]}}{"C113294":{"preferredName":"Metatinib Tromethamine","code":"C113294","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the BCR-ABL fusion oncoprotein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor BL001 may inhibit the BCL-ABL protein, which may lead to decreased proliferation and enhanced apoptosis in tumor cells. BCR-ABL oncoprotein is generated by a reciprocal translocation between chromosome 9 and 22 specifically t(9;22)(q34;q11). The resulting fusion gene produces proteins with constitutively active tyrosine kinase activity, which stimulate both abnormal cell division and increased cellular proliferation. This fusion is associated with both chronic myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BL001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metatinib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metatinib Tromethamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458141"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755994"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755994"}]}}{"C61612":{"preferredName":"Metformin","code":"C61612","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to treat diabetes mellitus (a condition in which the body cannot control the level of sugar in the blood). It is also being studied in the treatment of cancer. It decreases the amount of glucose (a type of sugar) released into the bloodstream from the liver and increases the body's use of the glucose. Metformin is a type of antidiabetic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An agent belonging to the biguanide class of antidiabetics with antihyperglycemic activity. Metformin is associated with a very low incidence of lactic acidosis. This agent helps reduce LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and is not associated with weight gain, and prevents the cardiovascular complications of diabetes. Metformin is not metabolized and is excreted unchanged by the kidneys.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-Dimethylbiguanide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METFORMIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Metformin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Metformin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-Dimethylimidodicarbonimidic Diamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-dimethylbiguanide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"metformin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025598"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"657-24-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9100L32L2N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H11N5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Metformin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6801"}]}}{"C29251":{"preferredName":"Metformin Hydrochloride","code":"C29251","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat diabetes mellitus (a condition in which the body cannot control the level of sugar in the blood). It is also being studied in the treatment of cancer. It decreases the amount of glucose (a type of sugar) released into the bloodstream from the liver and increases the body's use of the glucose. Glucophage is a type of antidiabetic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the biguanide metformin with antihyperglycemic and potential antineoplastic activities. Metformin inhibits complex I (NADPH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, thereby increasing the cellular AMP to ATP ratio and leading to activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and regulating AMPK-mediated transcription of target genes. This eventually prevents hepatic gluconeogenesis, enhances insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation and ultimately leads to a decrease in glucose levels. Metformin may exert antineoplastic effects through AMPK-mediated or AMPK-independent inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is up-regulated in many cancer tissues. Furthermore, this agent also inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression which is mediated through the suppression of transcription activator protein-1 (AP-1) activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-Dimethylbiguanide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APO-Metformin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cidophage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimefor","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glifage","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucoformin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucophage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Glucophage","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucophage ER","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Metformin HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metformin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Metformin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Metformin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-Dimethylimidodicarbonimidic Diamide Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Riomet","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Siofor","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"metformin hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"91485"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0770893"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1115-70-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"786Z46389E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593641"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593641"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H11N5.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Metformin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1159":{"preferredName":"Methanol Extraction Residue of BCG","code":"C1159","definitions":[{"description":"A cell wall fraction of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) obtained by menthol extraction with immunomodulating properties and potential use in cancer immunotherapy. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MER BCG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MER of BCG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MER-BCG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanol Extraction Residue of BCG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanol Extraction Residue of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"143769"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065973"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39495"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39495"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Methanol_Extraction_Residue_of_BCG"}]}}{"C61318":{"preferredName":"Methazolamide","code":"C61318","definitions":[{"description":"A sulfonamide derivate and carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Methazolamide inhibits tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), which may result in increased cell death in hypoxic tumors. As a hypoxia-inducible transmembrane glycoprotein, CAIX catalyzes the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid, protons, and bicarbonate ions, helping to maintain acidification of the tumor microenvironment and enhance resistance to cytotoxic therapy in some hypoxic tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glauctabs","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METHAZOLAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MZM","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methazolamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[5-(aminosulfonyl)-3-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2(3H)-ylidene]-acetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neptazane","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025631"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"554-57-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W733B0S9SD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"484587"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"484587"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H8N4O3S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Methazolamide"}]}}{"C142831":{"preferredName":"Methionine Aminopeptidase 2 Inhibitor M8891","code":"C142831","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary orally available inhibitor of methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2), which cleaves the amino-terminal methionine residue from nascent proteins, with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MetAP2 inhibitor M8891 inhibits MetAP2 aminopeptidase activity and impairs protein synthesis, which may lead to a decrease in endothelial cell proliferation. Decreased proliferation of endothelial cells results in reductions of both angiogenesis and the growth and spread of solid tumors that are dependent on new blood vessel formation. MetAP2, a metallopeptidase, is involved in promoting protein synthesis and endothelial cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"M8891","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MetAP2 Inhibitor M8891","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methionine Aminopeptidase 2 Inhibitor M8891","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methionine Aminopeptidase 2 Inhibitor M8891","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540704"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791701"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791701"}]}}{"C38129":{"preferredName":"Methionine Aminopeptidase 2 Inhibitor PPI-2458","code":"C38129","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic derivative of fumagillin with antineoplastic and cytotoxic properties. PPI-2458 irreversibly inhibits the enzyme methionine aminopeptidase type 2 (MetAP2), thereby preventing abnormal cell growth and angiogenesis. PPI-2458 is reported to have a better toxicity profile compared to other agents of its class. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MetAP-2 Inhibitor PPI-2458","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methionine Aminopeptidase 2 Inhibitor PPI-2458","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PPI-2458","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"720735"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1505437"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415572"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415572"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PPI-2458"}]}}{"C642":{"preferredName":"Methotrexate","code":"C642","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat some types of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and severe skin conditions, such as psoriasis. Amethopterin stops cells from making DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antimetabolite and antifolate agent with antineoplastic and immunosuppressant activities. Methotrexate binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in inhibition of purine nucleotide and thymidylate synthesis and, subsequently, inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses. Methotrexate also exhibits potent immunosuppressant activity although the mechanism(s) of actions is unclear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Amino-10-methylfolic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Amino-4-deoxy-10-methylpteroyl-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abitrexate","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-Methopterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amethopterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Amethopterin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brimexate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL 14377","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CL-14377","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emtexate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emthexat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emthexate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Farmitrexat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fauldexato","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Folex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folex PFS","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lantarel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ledertrexate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lumexon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METHOTREXATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MTX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maxtrex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medsatrexate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methoblastin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Methotrexate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methotrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate LPF","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate Methylaminopterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexatum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metotrexato","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metrotex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mexate","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mexate-AQ","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-[[(2,4-Diamino-6-pteridinyl)methyl]methylamino]benzoyl]-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Novatrex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rheumatrex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Rheumatrex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Texate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tremetex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trexeron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trixilem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-19039","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"amethopterin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"methotrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"740"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025677"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"59-05-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Graft versus host disease-prophylaxis; Head/neck cancer; Hydatidiform mole; Leukemia; meningeal; Lymphomas; Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Burkitt's; Lung cancer; Mycosis fungoides; Osteosarcoma; Psoriasis; Rheumatoid arthritis; Wegener's granulomatosis"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Abortion; Bladder cancer; Breast cancer; Carcinomatous; meningitis; Chorioadenoma destruens; Crohn's disease; Ectopic pregnancy; Esophageal cancer; Gestational choriocarcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YL5FZ2Y5U1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41719"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41719"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H22N8O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Methotrexate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:44185"}]}}{"C1735":{"preferredName":"Methotrexate Sodium","code":"C1735","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of methotrexate, an antimetabolite with antineoplastic and immunomodulating properties. Methotrexate binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in inhibition of purine nucleotide and thymidylate synthesis and, subsequently, inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses. Methotrexate also exhibits potent immunosuppressant properties. 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After intratumoral injection, methotrexate binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in inhibition of purine nucleotide and thymidylate synthesis and, subsequently, inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses. Epinephrine, a potent vasoconstrictor, is added to the gel to enhance penetration of methotrexate into the tumor tissue and reduce dispersion to the surrounding tissues thereby enhancing the local concentration of methotrexate and increasing its anti-tumor activity. Intratumoral injection of methotrexate combined with epinephrine may potentially increase chemotherapeutic efficacy compared to systemic administration and reduce systemic toxicity and side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MTX-e TI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTX/epi gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate-E Therapeutic Implant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate-E Therapeutic Implant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate-epinephrine therapeutic implant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate/epi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281425"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41858"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41858"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Methotrexate-E_Therapeutic_Implant"}]}}{"C125656":{"preferredName":"Methotrexate-Encapsulating Autologous Tumor-Derived Microparticles","code":"C125656","definitions":[{"description":"A suspension of autologous tumor-derived microparticles (ATMP), that are harvested from a patient with malignant pleural effusion, encapsulating the antimetabolic drug methotrexate (MTX), with potential anticancer activity. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action through which this agent exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration of MTX-ATMP, the MTX moiety is released and internalized by tumor cells. It then binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. This results in the inhibition of purine nucleotide synthesis and leads to decreased synthesis of both DNA and RNA, which induces cell death. Presumably, the encapsulation of MTX by the ATMP improves its bioavailability and decreases its toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MTX-ATMP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate-Encapsulating Autologous Tumor-Derived Microparticles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504342"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778520"}]}}{"C643":{"preferredName":"Methoxsalen","code":"C643","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used together with UV light to treat psoriasis, vitiligo, and skin nodules of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. It is also being studied in the treatment of graft-versus-host disease. It belongs to the family of drugs called psoralens and furocoumarins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally occurring substance isolated from the seeds of the plant Ammi majus with photoactivating properties. As a member of the family of compounds known as psoralens or furocoumarins, methoxsalen's exact mechanism of action is unknown; upon photoactivation, methoxsalen has been observed to bind covalently to and crosslink DNA. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"8-MOP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"8-MOP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-Methoxypsoralen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"8-Methoxypsoralen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Methoxy-7H-furo[3,2-g][1]benzopyran-7-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ammoidin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ammoidin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deltasoralen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Geralen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Geroxalen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METHOXSALEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Meladinina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meladinine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Meladinine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methoxsalen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Methoxsalen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Methoxsalen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methoxsalen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methoxypsoralen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metoxaleno","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mopsoralen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxsoralen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oxsoralen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxsoralen-Ultra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Puvasoralen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultramop","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uvadex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XANTHOTOXIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Xanthotoxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"methoxsalen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"45923"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025684"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"298-81-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma; psoriasis; vitiligo"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U4VJ29L7BQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39499"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39499"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H8O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Methoxsalen"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:18358"}]}}{"C78084":{"preferredName":"Methoxyamine","code":"C78084","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor with potential adjuvant activity. Methoxyamine covalently binds to apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) DNA damage sites and inhibits base excision repair (BER), which may result in an increase in DNA strand breaks and apoptosis. This agent may potentiate the anti-tumor activity of alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"METHOXYAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Methoxyamine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methoxyamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC102 Base","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0066156"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"67-62-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9TZH4WY30J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599836"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599836"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"CH5NO"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Methoxyamine"}]}}{"C78085":{"preferredName":"Methoxyamine Hydrochloride","code":"C78085","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks the ability of a cell to repair damage to its DNA and may kill cancer cells. It may also help some anticancer drugs work better. It is a type of antineoplastic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of methoxyamine, an alkoxyamine with potential chemotherapeutic adjuvant activity. Methoxyamine covalently binds to apurinic/apyrimidinic DNA damage sites and thereby inhibits base excision repair (BER) process, which may prevent repair of DNA strand breaks and result in an induction of apoptosis. This agent may potentiate the anti-tumor activity of alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"METHOXYAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Methoxyamine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methoxyamine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"methoxyamine hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"3801"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0951345"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"593-56-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"203546OLMF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"CH5NO.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Methoxyamine_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C2647":{"preferredName":"Methyl-5-Aminolevulinate Hydrochloride Cream","code":"C2647","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used in photodynamic therapy; it is absorbed by tumor cells and, when exposed to light, becomes active and kills the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A topical cream formulation containing the hydrochloride salt of methyl-5-aminolevulinate, a lipophilic methyl ester of 5-aminolevulinic acid, with photosensitizer prodrug activity. Upon topical administration, methyl-5-aminolevulinate in the cream is selectively absorbed by tumor cells where it is converted to the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Upon photoirradiation, PpIX is activated and transfers energy to oxygen, generating singlet oxygen and superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, which may result in free-radical-mediated DNA damage and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Methyl Aminolevulinate Hydrochloride Cream","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl-5-Aminolevulinate Hydrochloride Cream","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methyl-5-Aminolevulinate Hydrochloride Cream","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metvix","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metvixia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"methyl-5-aminolevulinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713112"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38410"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38410"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Methyl-5-Aminolevulinate"}]}}{"C2352":{"preferredName":"Methylmercaptopurine Riboside","code":"C2352","definitions":[{"description":"A purine derivative with antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic properties. 6-methylmercaptopurine riboside (6-MMPR) inhibits amidophosphoribosyltransferase, the first committed step in de novo purine synthesis, and inhibits fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2)-induced cell proliferation. 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Methylprednisolone binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors, resulting in altered gene expression and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production. This agent also decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes, induces cell differentiation, and stimulates apoptosis in sensitive tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6alpha,11beta)-11,17,21-Trihydroxy-6-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6Alpha-Methylprednisolone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adlone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Caberdelta M","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DepMedalone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo Moderin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Nisolone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duralone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emmetipi","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esametone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Firmacort","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METHYLPREDNISOLONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Medlone 21","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Medrol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Medrol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medrol Veriderm","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Medrone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mega-Star","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meprolone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolonum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metilbetasone Solubile","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metrocort","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metypresol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metysolon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predni-M-Tablinen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednilen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radilem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sieropresol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solpredone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Summicort","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urbason","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Urbason","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Veriderm Medrol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wyacort","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Wyacort","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"methylprednisolone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"19987"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025815"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83-43-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Adrenocortical insufficiency; Conditions requiring immunosuppression; Inflammatory conditions; Multiple Sclerosis; Nephrotic syndrome"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X4W7ZR7023"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41528"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41528"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H30O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Methylprednisolone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6888"}]}}{"C48003":{"preferredName":"Methylprednisolone Acetate","code":"C48003","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt of a synthetic glucocorticoid receptor agonist with immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory effects. Methylprednisolone acetate is converted into active prednisolone in the body, which activates glucocorticoid receptor mediated gene expression. This includes inducing synthesis of anti-inflammatory protein IkappaB-alpha and inhibiting synthesis of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). As a result, proinflammatory cytokine production such as IL-1, IL-2 and IL-6 is down-regulated and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activation is inhibited. Therefore, an overall reduction in chronic inflammation and autoimmune reactions may be achieved.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11beta,17,21-Trihydroxy-6alpha-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 21-Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Med","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"D-Med","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Medrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Depo-Medrate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Medrol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Medrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Depo-Medrone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METHYLPREDNISOLONE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ReadySharp MethylPrednisolone 80","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"48985"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0600901"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53-36-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"43502P7F0P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H32O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Methylprednisolone_Acetate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6889"}]}}{"C48004":{"preferredName":"Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate","code":"C48004","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium succinate salt of a synthetic glucocorticoid receptor agonist with immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate is converted into active prednisolone in the body, which activates glucocorticoid receptor mediated gene expression. This includes inducing synthesis of anti-inflammatory protein IkappaB-alpha and inhibiting synthesis of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). As a result, proinflammatory cytokine production such as IL-1, IL-2 and IL-6 is down-regulated and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activation is inhibited. Therefore, an overall reduction in chronic inflammation and autoimmune reactions may be achieved.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A-MethaPred","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asmacortone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryosolona","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METHYLPREDNISOLONE SODIUM SUCCINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Medrate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metypred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednilem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solu Moderin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solu-Medrol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Solu-Medrol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solu-Medrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Solu-Medrone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"48989"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700546"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2375-03-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LEC9GKY20K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H33O8.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Methylprednisolone_Sodium_Succinate"}]}}{"C63678":{"preferredName":"Methylselenocysteine","code":"C63678","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that contains the element selenium (a nutrient that protects cells against damage) and is found in certain plants such as garlic and broccoli. Se-methyl-seleno-L-cysteine can act as an antioxidant and may help prevent or slow the growth of cancer cells. It is a type of amino acid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally occurring organoselenium compound found in many plants, including garlic, onions, and broccoli, with potential antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Se-Methyl-seleno-L-cysteine (MSC) is an amino acid analogue of cysteine in which a methylselenium moiety replaces the sulphur atom of cysteine. This agent acts as an antioxidant when incorporated into glutathione peroxidase and has been shown to exhibit potent chemopreventive activity in animal models.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(Methylseleno)-l-alanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Se-Methylselenocysteine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylselenocycteine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylselenocysteine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methylselenocysteine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Se-Methyl-seleno-L-cysteine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Se-Methylselenocysteine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Se-methyl-seleno-L-cysteine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SeMSC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selenium-methylselenocystine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"l-Se-Methylselenocysteine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0074299"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"26046-90-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"554706"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"554706"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Methylselenocysteine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27812"}]}}{"C648":{"preferredName":"Methyltestosterone","code":"C648","definitions":[{"description":"A methylated synthetic androgen receptor agonist with anabolic effects. Methyltestosterone, mimicking testosterone, binds to cytosolic androgen receptors, and the subsequent nuclear transfer of the ligand-receptor complex induces transcription initiation of androgen responsive genes. The gene products are responsible for normal growth and development of male sex organs and secondary sex characteristics. The agent also causes retention of nitrogen, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, as well as calcium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(17Beta)-17-hydroxy-17-methylandrost-4-en-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17 Alpha-methyl-delta4-androsten-17beta-ol-4-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Methyltestosterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"17-Methyltestosterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Android","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eldec","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ero Test","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estratest","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glosso-Sterandryl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Glosso-Sterandryl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METHYLTESTOSTERONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Malogen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Malogen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metandren","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Metandren","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methitest","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyltestosterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Methyltestosterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyltestosteronum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neohombreol M","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orchisterone-M","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oreton Methyl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oreton methyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Testomet","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testotonic B","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testovis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testred","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Testred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Virilon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"9701"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025826"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58-18-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V9EFU16ZIF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H30O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Methyltestosterone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27436"}]}}{"C1161":{"preferredName":"Metoprine","code":"C1161","definitions":[{"description":"A diaminopyrimidine folate antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Metoprine inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in decreased cellular folate metabolism and cell growth; it also inhibits histamine-N-methyltransferase, resulting in decreased histamine catabolism. Lipid-soluble metoprine is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BW 197U","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BW 197U","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DDMP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METOPRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Metoprine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"19494"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"7364"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0066142"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7761-45-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2L9RKX796Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39206"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39206"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H10Cl2N4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Metoprine"}]}}{"C87686":{"preferredName":"Mibefradil","code":"C87686","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,2S)-(2-((3-(2-Benzimidazolyl)Propyl)Methylamino)Ethyl)-6-Fluoro-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-Isopropyl-2-Naphthyl Methoxyacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetic acid, methoxy-, 2-(2-((3-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)propyl)methylamino)ethyl)-6-fluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-(1-methylethyl)-2-naphthalenyl ester, (1S-cis)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIBEFRADIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mibefradil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0286185"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"116644-53-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"27B90X776A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H38FN3O3"}]}}{"C87687":{"preferredName":"Mibefradil Dihydrochloride","code":"C87687","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,2S)-(2-((3-(2-Benzimidazolyl)Propyl)Methylamino)Ethyl)-6-Fluoro-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-Isopropyl-2-Naphthyl Methoxyacetate, Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetic Acid, Methoxy-, 2-(2-((3-(1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl)Propyl)Methylamino)Ethyl)-6-Fluoro-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-(1-Methylethyl)-2-Naphthalenyl Ester, Dihydrochloride, (1S-cis)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIBEFRADIL DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mibefradil Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mibefradil Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 40-5967/001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0286186"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"116666-63-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"842TUP3PQ8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H38FN3O3.2HCl"}]}}{"C139003":{"preferredName":"Micellar Nanoparticle-encapsulated Epirubicin","code":"C139003","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based prodrug formulation consisting of polymeric micelles encapsulating the anthracycline epirubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Epirubicin is covalently bound to polyethylene glycol (PEG) polyaspartate block copolymers through an acid-labile hydrazone bond and, upon suspension in an aqueous solution, a micellar structure with an outer hydrophilic PEG shell surrounding the hydrophobic epirubicin is formed. Upon administration of the micellar nanoparticle-encapsulated epirubicin, the nanoparticles are stable in the bloodstream and specifically accumulate in the tumor tissue. Due to the acidic conditions in the tumor and the pH-responsive nature of the micelles, epirubicin is released in the tumor milieu; it then intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, which inhibits DNA replication and interferes with synthesis of both RNA and protein. Compared to the administration of epirubicin alone, this formulation increases the water-solubility of epirubicin and increases its therapeutic effect while decreasing its cardiotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epirubicin-incorporating Micelle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"K-912","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micellar Nanoparticle-encapsulated Epirubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Micellar Nanoparticle-encapsulated Epirubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC-6300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Epirubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2974723"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790960"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790960"}]}}{"C156665":{"preferredName":"Micro Needle Array-Doxorubicin","code":"C156665","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation composed of dissolvable small, adhesive-like patches composed of a biocompatible material which is coated with the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon cutaneous administration of the microneedle-array-doxorubicin, the microneedles degrade once inserted into the skin and doxorubicin is released from the dissolvable microneedle array delivery device directly into the tumor microenvironment (TME). Doxorubicin is taken up by tumor cells and intercalates into DNA and interferes with topoisomerase II activity. This inhibits DNA replication and RNA synthesis, leading to tumor cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. This agent also interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. In addition, doxorubicin induces innate, adaptive, and tumor-specific effector and memory immune responses, thereby further killing the tumor cells. Delivery of doxorubicin using the microneedle array delivery system allows direct and specific administration of doxorubicin to the TME which may improve drug concentration into tumor cells and may reduce systemic toxicity, compared to the administration of systemic doxorubicin alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D-MNA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dissolvable Microneedles-containing Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-coated Patches","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-loaded Patches","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MNA-D","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MNA-D Patches","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MNA-Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micro Needle Array-Doxorubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Micro Needle Array-Doxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micro-needle Array Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microneedle Applicator-Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microneedle Array Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935685"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795832"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795832"}]}}{"C64631":{"preferredName":"Microparticle-encapsulated CYP1B1-encoding DNA Vaccine ZYC300","code":"C64631","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of a plasmid DNA encoding an inactivated form of the carcinogen activator cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) encapsulated in biodegradable poly-DL-lactide-coglycolide microparticles with potential antineoplastic activity. CYP1B1, an extrahepatic monooxygenase of the cytochrome P450 family, is overexpressed in many cancers with only restricted expression in normal tissues. Vaccination with ZYC300 may stimulate the immune system to elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against the tumor associated antigen CYP1B1, thereby causing lysis of tumor cells expressing CYP1B1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Microparticle-encapsulated CYP1B1-encoding DNA Vaccine ZYC300","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZYC300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831967"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513166"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513166"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ZYC300"}]}}{"C143158":{"preferredName":"Microtubule Inhibitor SCB01A","code":"C143158","definitions":[{"description":"An aroylindole derivative and tubulin polymerization inhibitor, with potential tubulin-inhibiting, vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tubulin polymerization inhibitor SCB01A binds at the colchicine binding site of tubulin and prevents its polymerization in tumor blood vessel endothelial cells and in tumor cells. This blocks the formation of the mitotic spindle and leads to both cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and tumor cell apoptosis. Also, this agent's effect on the tumor blood vessel endothelial cells leads to a disruption of the tumor vasculature and tumor blood flow, which deprives tumor cells of nutrients and induces tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Methoxy-3-(3',4',5'-trimethoxybenzoyl) Indole","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPR 0L075","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DBPR104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microtubule Inhibitor SCB01A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCB 01A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCB-01A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCB01A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541607"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791849"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791849"}]}}{"C1872":{"preferredName":"Midostaurin","code":"C1872","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of leukemia. It belongs to the family of drugs called protein kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic indolocarbazole multikinase inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Midostaurin inhibits protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), c-kit, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) tyrosine kinases, which may result in disruption of the cell cycle, inhibition of proliferation, apoptosis, and inhibition of angiogenesis in susceptible tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGP 41251","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"CGP41251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIDOSTAURIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Midostaurin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Midostaurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Benzoyl-Staurosporine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Benzoylstaurosporine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-benzoyl-staurosporine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PKC-412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKC412","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PKC412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rydapt","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"midostaurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0526371"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"120685-11-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who are FLT3 mutation-positive (FLT3+)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ID912S5VON"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462346"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462346"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C35H30N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Midostaurin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63452"}]}}{"C1394":{"preferredName":"Mifamurtide","code":"C1394","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment of young adults with bone cancer that has gotten worse or come back. L-MTP-PE activates certain types of white blood cells and helps the immune system kill cancer cells. It is a type of immunostimulant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A liposomal formulation containing a muramyl dipeptide (MDP) analogue with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE), a derivative of the mycobacterial cell wall component MDP, activates both monocytes and macrophages. Activated macrophages secrete cytokines and induce the recruitment and activation of other immune cells, which may result in indirect tumoricidal effects. Liposomal encapsulation of MTP-PE prolongs its half-life and enhances tissue targeting.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGP 19835A Lipid","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junovan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-MTP-PE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"L-MTP-PE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEPACT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MIFAMURTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MTP-PE Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mepact","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mifamurtide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mifamurtide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muramyl Tripeptide Phosphatidylethanolamine Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mifamurtide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"628280"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0129341"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"838853-48-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1LM890Q4FY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41541"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41541"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C59H108N6O19P.Na.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Muramyl_Tripeptide_Phosphatidylethanolamine"}]}}{"C655":{"preferredName":"Mifepristone","code":"C655","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to end early pregnancies. It is also being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer and other conditions. Mifepristone blocks the action of progesterone, a hormone that helps some cancers grow. It is a type of antiprogesterone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A derivative of the synthetic progestin norethindrone with antiprogesterone activity. Mifepristone competitively binds to the progesterone receptor, resulting in inhibition of the effects of endogenous or exogenous progesterone. This agent also exhibits antiglucocorticoid and weak antiandrogenic activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(aa Beta, 17 beta)-11-[4-(dimethylamino)-phenyl]-17-hydroxy-17-(1-propynyl)estra-4,9-dien-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"11 Beta-[4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-17alpha-(propyl-1-ynyl)-delta-4,9-estradiene-17 beta-ol-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"11-((4-dimethylamino) phenyl)-17-Hydroxy-17-(1-propynyl) Estra-4,9- dien-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Korlym","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIFEPRISTONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mifegyne","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mifeprex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Mifeprex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mifepristone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mifepristone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mifepristone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RU 486","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RU 486","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RU-38486","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RU-486","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mifepristone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"652104"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026088"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"84371-65-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"320T6RNW1F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40888"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40888"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H35NO2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mifepristone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50692"}]}}{"C107384":{"preferredName":"Milademetan Tosylate","code":"C107384","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate form of milademetan, an orally available MDM2 (murine double minute 2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, milademetan binds to, and prevents the binding of MDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This results in the restoration of p53 signaling and leads to the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is overexpressed in cancer cells; it has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS-3032 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-3032b","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-3032b Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MILADEMETAN TOSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Milademetan Tosylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Milademetan Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL449595"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6M27443B0N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750863"}]}}{"C66983":{"preferredName":"Milatuzumab","code":"C66983","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of multiple myeloma and several other types of cancer. It binds to CD74, a protein on the surface of myeloma cells and certain other types of cells. It may help kill cancer cells. hLL1 is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human CD74 with potential antineoplastic activity. Milatuzumab specifically binds to CD74 on CD74-positive cells. Although the exact mechanism through which this agent induces apoptosis is unknown, it may involve antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) or complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC). Alternatively, as CD74 is the cellular receptor for the cytokine migration-inhibitory factor (MIF), the cytotoxicity of this agent may be related to inhibition of CD74 activation by MIF. CD74, an integral membrane protein that functions as an MHC class II chaperone, may also be an accessory-signaling molecule; activation of CD74 may initiate cell survival mechanisms involving induction of a signaling cascade resulting in NFkB activation, entry of stimulated cells into the S phase of the cell cycle, elevation of DNA synthesis, cell division, and augmented expression of Bcl-xL.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Humanized Anti-CD74 Monoclonal Antibody hLL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMMU-115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MILATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Milatuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Milatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody hLL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hLL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hLL1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"milatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2716103"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"899796-83-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2OP4E0GC6V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"534127"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"534127"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_hLL1"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Milatuzumab"}]}}{"C91086":{"preferredName":"Milatuzumab-Doxorubicin Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMMU-110","code":"C91086","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of multiple myeloma and several other types of cancer. It binds to CD74, a protein on the surface of myeloma cells and certain other types of cells. It may help kill cancer cells. IMMU-110 is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of milatuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against CD74, conjugated to the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. The milatuzumab moiety of this ADC selectively binds to CD74 on tumor cell surfaces; upon internalization, the doxorubicin moiety is released, where it intercalates between base pairs in the DNA helix and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby preventing DNA replication and increasing double-strand breakage. As a result, this agent may inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells that overexpress CD74. CD74, an integral membrane protein and tumor associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in certain cancer cells and promotes survival in rapidly proliferating tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMMU-110","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IMMU-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Milatuzumab-Doxorubicin Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMMU-110","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Milatuzumab-Doxorubicin Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMMU-110","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hLL1-DOX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1615035"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671813"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671813"}]}}{"C88312":{"preferredName":"Milciclib Maleate","code":"C88312","definitions":[{"description":"The maleate salt form of milciclib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TRKA), with potential antineoplastic activity. CDK2/TRKA inhibitor PHA-848125 AC potently inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) and exhibits activity against other CDKs including CDK1 and CDK4, in addition to TRKA. Inhibition of these kinases may result in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of tumor cells that express these kinases. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases involved in regulation of the cell cycle and may be overexpressed in some cancer cell types. The neurotrophin receptor TRKA is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Pyrazolo(4,3-H)quinazoline-3-carboxamide, 4,5-dihydro-N,1,4,4-tetramethyl-8-((4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)phenyl)amino)-, (2Z)-2-Butenedioate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MILCICLIB MALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Milciclib Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,1,4,4-Tetramethyl-8-[[4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl]amino]-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-h]quinazoline-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHA-848125 AC","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2934615"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1253645-38-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"82W826FL6S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660138"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660138"}]}}{"C29261":{"preferredName":"Milk Thistle","code":"C29261","definitions":[{"description":"A plant that has been used in some cultures to treat certain medical problems, including stomach, liver, and gallbladder disorders. The active extract of milk thistle seeds is called silymarin. It is being studied in the prevention of liver damage caused by some cancer treatments.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A substance derived from any of several Old World coarse prickly-leaved shrubs and subshrubs including the plant Silybum marianum. Milk thistle's active chemical component is silymarin, which is a combination of flavonoids such as silibinin, dehydrosilibinin, silychristin and silydianin. These compounds are antioxidants and may alter the membrane structure of the liver cell, thereby blocking the absorption of toxins; they may also stimulate the production of new liver cells. In addition, milk thistle may increase cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, exhibiting dose-dependent cardiac myocyte cytoprotection against doxorubicin. The silibinin component of milk thistle has been shown to inhibit growth factor receptor-mediated mitogenic and cell survival signaling, thereby inhibiting tumor growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Milk Thistle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"milk thistle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0937640"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459958"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459958"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Milk_Thistle"}]}}{"C1170":{"preferredName":"Miltefosine","code":"C1170","definitions":[{"description":"An orally- and topically-active alkyl-phosphocholine compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Miltefosine targets cellular membranes, modulating cell membrane permeability, membrane lipid composition, phospholipid metabolism, and mitogenic signal transduction, resulting in cell differentiation and inhibition of cell growth. This agent also inhibits the anti-apoptotic mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and modulates the balance between the MAPK and pro-apoptotic stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK/JNK) pathways, thereby inducing apoptosis. As an immunomodulator, miltefosine stimulates T-cells, macrophages and the expression of interleukin 3 (IL-3), granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interferon gamma (INF-gamma). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[[(Hexadecycloxy)hydroxyphosphinyl]oxy]-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium Inner Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choline Phosphate Hexadecyl Ester, Hydroxide, Inner Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-18506","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexadecyl 2-(N,N,N-trimethylamino)ethyl Phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexadecylphosphocholine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Hexadecylphosphocholine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MILTEFOSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Miltefosin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Miltefosina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Miltefosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Miltefosinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Miltex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"n-Hexadecylphosphorylcholine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0068006"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58066-85-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Skin metastasis of breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"53EY29W7EC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41212"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41212"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H46NO4P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Miltefosine"}]}}{"C2567":{"preferredName":"Minretumomab","code":"C2567","definitions":[{"description":"A type of monoclonal antibody used in cancer detection or therapy. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A second-generation murine monoclonal antibody based on the antibody B72.3 that is directed against tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG72). TAG72 is expressed by gastric, breast, pancreatic, colorectal, and ovarian carcinoma cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibody CC49, Monoclonal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-49","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CC-49 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAb CC49","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MINRETUMOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MOAB CC-49/TAG72 (DW)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Minretumomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb CC49","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody CC-49","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody CC49","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"620537"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281345"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"195189-17-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"235435CH6L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41760"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41760"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_CC49"}]}}{"C90554":{"preferredName":"Mipsagargin","code":"C90554","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble, thapsigargin prodrug containing the cytotoxic analog of thapsigargin, 8-O-(12Aminododecanoyl)-8-O debutanoylthapsigargin (12-ADT) linked, via a carboxyl group, to the targeting peptide containing aspartic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, mipsagargin targets prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a type II membrane carboxypeptidase, which is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells and in the neovasculature of most solid tumors but not in normal blood vessels. Mipsagargin is subsequently converted, through hydrolysis, into the active cytotoxic analog of thapsigargin 12-ADT-Asp. 12-ADT binds to and blocks the Sarcoplasmic/Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase (SERCA) pump, thereby increasing the concentration of cytosolic calcium which leads to an induction of apoptosis. By preventing nutrient supply to tumor cells, G-202 may be able to inhibit tumor growth. Compared to thapsigargin alone, thapsigargin prodrug G-202 is able to achieve higher concentrations of the active agents at the tumor site while avoiding systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"G-202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIPSAGARGIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mipsagargin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mipsagargin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416238"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1245732-48-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q032I35QMX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666090"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666090"}]}}{"C90633":{"preferredName":"Mirabegron","code":"C90633","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable agonist of the human beta-3 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3), with muscle relaxing, neuroprotective and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, mirabegron binds to and activates ADRB3, which leads to smooth muscle relaxation. Mirabegron also restores sympathetic stimulation in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) niches, inhibits JAK2-mutated hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) expansion and blocks the progression of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Lack of sympathetic stimulation of the MSC and HSC niche is associated with the development of MPNs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-N-[4-(2-{[(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl]amino}ethyl)phenyl] Acetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Thiazoleacetamide, 2-Amino-N-(4-(2-(((2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)amino)ethyl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Betanis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIRABEGRON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mirabegron","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myrbetriq","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM-178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983812"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"223673-61-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Overactive bladder with symptoms of urge incontinence"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MVR3JL3B2V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767328"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H24N4O2S"}]}}{"C102566":{"preferredName":"Mirvetuximab Soravtansine","code":"C102566","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody M9346A against folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) conjugated, via the disulfide-containing cleavable linker sulfo-SPDB, to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4, with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-FOLR1 monoclonal antibody moiety of mirvetuximab soravtansine targets and binds to the cell surface antigen FOLR1. After antibody-antigen interaction and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases DM4, which binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, thereby inhibiting cell division and cell growth of FOLR1-expressing tumor cells. FOLR1, a member of the folate receptor family is overexpressed on a variety of epithelial-derived cancer cells. The sulfo-SPDB linker prevents cleavage in the bloodstream and may improve this agent's efficacy in multidrug resistant tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMGN853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M9346A-sulfo-SPDB-DM4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIRVETUXIMAB SORAVTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mirvetuximab Soravtansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mirvetuximab Soravtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640818"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1453084-37-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"98DE7VN88D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734941"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734941"}]}}{"C657":{"preferredName":"Misonidazole","code":"C657","definitions":[{"description":"A nitroimidazole with radiosensitizing and antineoplastic properties. Exhibiting high electron affinity, misonidazole induces the formation of free radicals and depletes radioprotective thiols, thereby sensitizing hypoxic cells to the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation. This single-strand breaks in DNA induced by this agent result in the inhibition of DNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(alpha-methoxymethyl ethanol)-2-Nitroimidazole","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MISONIDAZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Misonidazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7-0582","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ro-07-0582","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro-7-0582","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"261037"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026218"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"13551-87-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8FE7LTN8XE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39504"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39504"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H11N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Misonidazole"}]}}{"C29195":{"preferredName":"Mitindomide","code":"C29195","definitions":[{"description":"A bisdioxopiperazines analog with antineoplastic activity. Mitinomide inhibits topoisomerase II and slowly promotes DNA-interstrand cross-linking, thereby inhibiting DNA repair, RNA and protein synthesis. This agent acts without increasing topoisomerase II-DNA covalent cleavable complex formation, as do most topoisomerase inhibitors. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4, 8-Ethenopyrrolo[3',4':3,4]cyclobut[1,2-f]isoindole-1,3,5,7(2H, 6H)tetrone, octahydro-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MITINDOMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitindomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"284356"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0066593"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10403-51-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DK61ZER6T7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H12N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MITINDOMIDE"}]}}{"C659":{"preferredName":"Mitobronitol","code":"C659","definitions":[{"description":"A brominated analog of mannitol with potential antineoplastic activity. Mitobronitol most likely acts through alkylation via derived epoxide groups.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,6-Dibromo-1,6-dideoxy-D-mannitol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DBM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dibromomannitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dibromomannitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MITOBRONITOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitobronitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mitobronitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelobromol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Myelobromol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"94100"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026236"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"488-41-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5UP30YED7N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H12Br2O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mitobronitol"}]}}{"C111758":{"preferredName":"Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor ATR-101","code":"C111758","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ATR-101 inhibits the activity of F1F0-ATP synthase, elevates the mitochondrial membrane potential and depletes ATP in adrenocortical cells. The mitochondrial dysfunction caused by the release of reactive oxygen and triggered cytochrome c release leads to caspase-mediated cell death. ATR-101 may be useful in treating certain types of adrenocortical carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor ATR-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor ATR-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454145"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753012"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753012"}]}}{"C66164":{"preferredName":"Mitoclomine","code":"C66164","definitions":[{"description":"An aromatic nitrogen mustard derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Mitoclomine alkylates DNA and appears to concentrate primarily in the spleen and thymus where it causes lymphocyte depletion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MITOCLOMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitoclomine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)4-amino-2-methyl-1-methoxy-naphthalene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"114575"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0066605"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"17692-54-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"02DQX562CR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H19Cl2NO"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mitoclomine"}]}}{"C1101":{"preferredName":"Mitoflaxone","code":"C1101","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic flavonoid with vascular targeting properties. Flavone acetic acid exhibits an antiproliferative effect on endothelial cells as a result of a superoxide-dependent mechanism, which induces changes in permeability of the vasculature of the tumor. This agent may stimulate tumor necrosis and promote shunting of blood flow to viable regions of the tumor, increasing their oxygenation and rendering them more susceptible to the antitumor effects of hyperthermia and ionizing radiation. 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Mitoguazone competitively inhibits S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (SAMD), an enzyme involved in the synthesis of polyamines, resulting in decreased proliferation of tumor cells, antimitochondrial effects, and p53-independent apoptosis. Polyamines, specifically spermine and spermidine, are essential for thymidine kinase production, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation. 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It blocks the growth of cells and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of polyamine synthesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a guanylhydrazone with potential antineoplastic activity. Mitoguazone competitively inhibits S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (SAMD), an enzyme involved in the synthesis of polyamines, resulting in decreased proliferation of tumor cells, antimitochondrial effects, and p53-independent apoptosis. Polyamines, specifically spermine and spermidine, are essential for thymidine kinase production, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1'-((Methylethanediylidene)Dinitrilo)Diguanidine Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,2'-(1-Methyl-1,2-Ethanediylidene)Bis(Hydrazinecarboximidamide) Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGBG 2HCl","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MITOGUAZONE DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Methylglyoxal Bis(amidinohydrazone) Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitoguazone Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyruvaldehyde Bis(amidinohydrazone) Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mitoguazone dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"32946"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771772"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7059-23-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NNI098FX5Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H12N8.2HCl"}]}}{"C662":{"preferredName":"Mitolactol","code":"C662","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of hexitol with antineoplastic and radiosensitizing properties. Mitolactol alkylates DNA via actual or derived epoxide groups, resulting in inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. 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Bioreduced mitomycin C generates oxygen radicals, alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Preferentially toxic to hypoxic cells, mitomycin C also inhibits RNA and protein synthesis at high concentrations. 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Bioreduced mitomycin A generates oxygen radicals, alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Mitomycin A is more toxic than mitomycin C due to increased and nonselective DNA cross-linking in both aerobic and hypoxic cells. 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Activated by serum and glutathione, KW-2149 causes interstrand DNA cross-links and DNA-protein cross-links, resulting in single-strand DNA breaks and inhibition of DNA synthesis. 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Upon oral administration, T-1101 inhibits mitosis, through an as of yet not elucidated mechanism of action, which leads to decreased tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mitosis Inhibitor T 1101 Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T 1101 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1101 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553272"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793127"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793127"}]}}{"C664":{"preferredName":"Mitotane","code":"C664","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug used in treating adrenocortical cancer and ACTH-producing pituitary tumors (Cushing's disease).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of the insecticide dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) with anti-adrenocorticoid properties. Following its metabolism in the adrenal cortex to a reactive acyl chloride intermediate, mitotane covalently binds to adrenal proteins, specifically inhibiting adrenal cortical hormone production. 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The mechanism of action through which mitotenamine exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MITOTENAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitotenamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881869"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7696-00-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2879S26V4P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H15BrClNS"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mitotenamine"}]}}{"C62050":{"preferredName":"Mitoxantrone","code":"C62050","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced prostate cancer that does not respond to hormones, adult acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, and advanced or chronic multiple sclerosis. It is also being studied in the treatment of other cancers. It belongs to the family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An anthracenedione antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Mitoxantrone intercalates into and crosslinks DNA, thereby disrupting DNA and RNA replication. This agent also binds to topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA strand breaks and inhibition of DNA repair. Mitoxantrone is less cardiotoxic compared to doxorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3-Dihydroxy-5,8-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]-9, 10-anthracenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4-Dihydroxy-5,8-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]-9, 10-anthroquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydroxyanthracenedione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MITOXANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitozantrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mitoxantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"279836"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026259"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65271-80-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BZ114NVM5P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H28N4O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mitoxantrone_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50729"}]}}{"C665":{"preferredName":"Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride","code":"C665","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced prostate cancer that does not respond to hormones, adult acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, and advanced or chronic multiple sclerosis. It is also being studied in the treatment of other cancers. It belongs to the family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an anthracenedione antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Mitoxantrone intercalates into and crosslinks DNA, thereby disrupting DNA and RNA replication. This agent also binds to topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA strand breaks and inhibition of DNA repair. Mitoxantrone is less cardiotoxic compared to doxorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3-Dihydroxy-5,8-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]-9, 10-anthracenedione Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4-Dihydroxy-5,8-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]-9, 10-anthroquinone Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL 232315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHAD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DHAD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHAQ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DHAQ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydroxyanthracenedione Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MITOXANTRONE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitoxantroni Hydrochloridum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitozantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitroxone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neotalem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Novantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Novantrone","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onkotrone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pralifan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"301739"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700458"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"70476-82-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute Leukemia; Breast cancer; Non Hodgkins Lymphoma; Multiple sclerosis; Prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U6USW86RD0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39219"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39219"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H28N4O6.2HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mitoxantrone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50727"}]}}{"C1166":{"preferredName":"Mitozolomide","code":"C1166","definitions":[{"description":"A prodrug of imidazotetrazine alkylating agent with antineoplastic property. Mitozolomide undergoes ring opening upon the nucleophilic attack at C-4 by an activated molecule of water within the major groove of DNA. The resulting bioactive mono-alkyltriazene species are capable of alkylating nucleophilic residues in the immediate vicinity such as N-7 and/or O-6 sites of guanine, thereby causes intra- or inter-stranded DNA cross-links and trigger apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Azolastone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Azolastone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3-(2-chloroethyl)-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MITOZOLOMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitozolomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mitozolomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3-(2-chloroethyl)-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"353451"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0066618"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"85622-95-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E3U7286V3W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40221"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40221"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H7ClN6O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mitozolomide"}]}}{"C113162":{"preferredName":"Mivavotinib","code":"C113162","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (syk), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, and antineoplastic activities. Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor mivavotinib may inhibit the activity of syk, which abrogates downstream B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling and leads to an inhibition of B-cell activation, chemotaxis, adhesion and proliferation. Syk, a BCR-associated non-receptor tyrosine kinase that mediates diverse cellular responses, including proliferation, differentiation, and phagocytosis, is expressed in hematopoietic tissues and is often overexpressed in hematopoietic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3H-Pyrrolo(3,4-C)pyridin-3-one, 6-(((1R,2S)-2-aminocyclohexyl)amino)-7-fluoro-1,2-dihydro-4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIVAVOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mivavotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-659","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TAK659","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-659","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK659","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"syk Inhibitor TAK-659","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"syk Inhibitor TAK659","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"syk-Inhibitor TAK-659","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"syk-Inhibitor TAK659","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL455236"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1312691-33-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8QR88H79VX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755930"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755930"}]}}{"C121829":{"preferredName":"Mivebresib","code":"C121829","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of one or more as of yet undisclosed bromodomain (BRD)-containing protein(s), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, mivebresib binds to the acetyl-lysine binding site in the BRD of certain BRD-containing protein(s), thereby preventing the interaction between those proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling, prevents the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, and leads to an inhibition of cell growth in susceptible tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV-075","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethanesulfonamide, N-(4-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)-3-(6,7-dihydro-6-methyl-7-oxo-1H-pyrrolo(2,3-C)pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIVEBRESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mivebresib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mivebresib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053689"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1445993-26-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VR86R11J7J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C87698":{"preferredName":"Mivobulin","code":"C87698","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, colchicine analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Mivobulin targets and binds to colchicine-binding site on tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule polymerization, the assembly of the mitotic spindle and mitosis. This eventually results in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and a reduction in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carbamic Acid, (5-Amino-1,2-Dihydro-2-Methyl-3-Phenylpyrido(3,4-B)Pyrazin-7-Yl) Ethyl Ester, (S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethyl (S)-5-Amino-1,2-Dihydro-2-Methyl-3-Phenylpyrido(3,4-B)Pyrazine-7-Carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIVOBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mivobulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981335"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"122332-18-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"96U5LG549X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H19N5O2"}]}}{"C1357":{"preferredName":"Mivobulin Isethionate","code":"C1357","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The isethionate salt of mivobulin, a synthetic colchicine analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Mivobulin isethionate binds to tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule polymerization and mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CI 980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-980","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CI-980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIVOBULIN ISETHIONATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mivobulin Isethionate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mivobulin isethionate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"635370"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0109740"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"126268-81-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8J08028R66"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41656"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41656"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H19N5O2.C2H6O4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mivobulin_Isethionate"}]}}{"C74063":{"preferredName":"Mixed Bacteria Vaccine","code":"C74063","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing a mixture of killed bacteria with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Mixed bacteria vaccine (MBV or Coley's toxins) consists of a pyrogenic bacterial lysate derived from Serratia marcescens and Streptococcus pyogenes; the active components in the lysate may be lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the Gram-negative bacterial cell wall of Serratia, and streptokinase, an enzyme produced by Streptococcus pyogenes. LPS has been shown to stimulate the host humoral immune response and induce the release of various antitumor cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-12 (IL-12).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Coley's Toxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBV","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Bacteria Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383537"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590146"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590146"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mixed_Bacteria_Vaccine"}]}}{"C62521":{"preferredName":"Mocetinostat","code":"C62521","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It blocks enzymes needed for cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rationally designed, orally available, Class 1-selective, small molecule, 2-aminobenzamide HDAC inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Mocetinostat binds to and inhibits Class 1 isoforms of HDAC, specifically HDAC 1, 2 and 3, which may result in epigenetic changes in tumor cells and so tumor cell death; although the exact mechanism has yet to be defined, tumor cell death may occur through the induction of apoptosis, differentiation, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of DNA repair, upregulation of tumor suppressors, down regulation of growth factors, oxidative stress, and autophagy, among others. Overexpression of Class I HDACs 1, 2 and 3 has been found in many tumors and has been correlated with a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzamide, N-(2-aminophenyl)-4-[[[4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]methyl]-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG-0103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGCD0103","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MGCD0103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOCETINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mocetinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mocetinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-aminophenyl)-4-((4-pyridin-3-ylpyrimidin-2-ylamino)methyl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mocetinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2002471"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"726169-73-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A6GWB8T96J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486941"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486941"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H20N6O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MGCD0103"}]}}{"C131824":{"preferredName":"Modified Vitamin D Binding Protein Macrophage Activator EF-022","code":"C131824","definitions":[{"description":"A modified version of vitamin D binding protein (VDBP; Gc protein) macrophage activator, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, modified VDBP-macrophage activator EF-022, acting in a similar manner as VDBP-macrophage activating factor (GcMAF), is able to activate tumoricidal macrophages, thereby enhancing the killing and eradication of cancer cells. In addition, EF-022 may inhibit tumor cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. VDBP is a glycoprotein and precursor for macrophage activating factor (MAF), which promotes macrophage activation; however VDBP can be deglycosylated by serum alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase, which is secreted from cancerous cells, and cannot be converted to MAF. Thus, the macrophage activation cascade is often impaired in tumor cells and plays a key role in tumor immunosuppression. Modification of VDBP stabilizes MAF.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EF-022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVDP-Macrophage Activator","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified VDBP-Macrophage Activator EF-022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Vitamin D Binding Protein Macrophage Activator EF-022","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514564"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786093"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786093"}]}}{"C152075":{"preferredName":"Modotuximab","code":"C152075","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, modotuximab targets and binds to an epitope located in the extracellular domain (ECD) of EGFR, which causes internalization and degradation of EGFR, including the mutated EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII). This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, thereby inhibiting EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is often overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1024 DS","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1024-DS","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(human epidermal growth factor receptor extracellular domain III) (human-mus musculus monoclonal 1024 DS heavy chain), Disulfide with human-mus musculus monoclonal 1024 DS light chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MODOTUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Modotuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Modotuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zatuximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553284"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1310460-86-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1W7BD1M08N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C63667":{"preferredName":"Mofarotene","code":"C63667","definitions":[{"description":"An arotinoic acid derivative with a morpholine structure in the polar end group with differentiation inducing and antineoplastic activity. Like other retinoic acid agents, mofarotene binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells. In addition, this agent is able to inhibit melanoma cell motility.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-4-[2-[4-[2-(5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl]phenoxy]ethyl]morpholine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOFAROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mofarontene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mofarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Mofarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 40-8757","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0247161"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"125533-88-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8K3CVY8F8V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H39NO2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mofarotene"}]}}{"C62510":{"preferredName":"Mogamulizumab","code":"C62510","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against C-C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Mogamulizumab selectively binds to and blocks the activity of CCR4, which may inhibit CCR4-mediated signal transduction pathways and, so, chemokine-mediated cellular migration and proliferation of T cells, and chemokine-mediated angiogenesis. In addition, this agent may induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CCR4-positive T cells. CCR4, a G-coupled-protein receptor for C-C chemokines such MIP-1, RANTES, TARC and MCP-1, is expressed on the surfaces of some types of T cells, endothelial cells, and some types of neurons. CCR4, also known as CD194, may be overexpressed on adult T-cell lymphoma (ATL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(CC Chemokine Receptor CCR4) (Human-Mouse Monoclonal KW-0761 Heavy Chain), Disulfide With Human-Mouse Monoclonal KW-0761 Kappa-Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KM8761","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW-0761","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOGAMULIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mogamulizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mogamulizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mogamulizumab-kpkc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poteligeo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987603"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1159266-37-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory mycosis fungoides (MF) or Sézary syndrome (SS)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YI437801BE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500479"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500479"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"KW-0761"}]}}{"C101538":{"preferredName":"Molibresib","code":"C101538","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the BET (Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal) family of bromodomain-containing proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, molibresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histone peptides. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of bromodomain at the N-terminus, BET proteins, comprising of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK-525762A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK525762","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I-BET 762","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOLIBRESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Molibresib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Molibresib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2975231"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5QIO6SRZ2R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733799"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733799"}]}}{"C159943":{"preferredName":"Molibresib Besylate","code":"C159943","definitions":[{"description":"The besylate salt of molibresib, a small molecule inhibitor of the BET (Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal) family of bromodomain-containing proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, molibresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histone peptides. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of bromodomain at the N-terminus, BET proteins, comprising of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-((4S)-6-(4-Chlorophenyl)-8-methoxy-1-methyl-4H-(1,2,4)triazolo(4,3-a)(1,4)benzodiazepin-4-yl)-N-ethylacetamide monobenzenesulfonate salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK525762C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOLIBRESIB BESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Molibresib Besylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Molibresib Besylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1895049-20-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K04D7I4BCH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C88311":{"preferredName":"Momelotinib","code":"C88311","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of Janus kinases 1 and 2 (JAK1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. JAK1/2 inhibitor CYT387 competes with JAK1/2 for ATP binding, which may result in inhibition of JAK1/2 activation, inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and so the induction of apoptosis and a reduction of tumor cell proliferation in JAK1/2-expressing tumor cells. JAK2 is the most common mutated gene in bcr-abl-negative myeloproliferative disorders; the JAK2V617F gain-of-function mutation involves a valine-to-phenylalanine modification at position 617. The JAK-STAT signaling pathway is a major mediator of cytokine activity and is often dysregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYT387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-0387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOMELOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Momelotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Momelotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(Cyanomethyl)-4-(2-((4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2744845"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1056634-68-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6O01GMS00P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660135"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H22N6O2"}]}}{"C120208":{"preferredName":"Monalizumab","code":"C120208","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody against the human natural killer (NK) and T-lymphocyte cell checkpoint inhibitor killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C member 1 (NKG2A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, monalizumab binds to NKG2A and prevents the binding of NKG2A to its ligand human leukocyte antigen-E (HLA-E), which is overexpressed on tumor cells. This blocks the HLA-E-mediated inhibition of NKG2A-positive infiltrating NK and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and induces a NK and CTL-mediated immune response against the cancer cells leading to their destruction. Human NKG2A, an inhibitory cell surface receptor covalently bound to CD94, is expressed by NK cells and CTLs. Stimulation of the CD94/NKG2A complex inhibits the cytotoxic activity of these cells. HLA-E, a nonclassical HLA class Ib molecule, is often overexpressed on tumor cells and is associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IPH-2201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH2201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4-kappa, Anti-(Homo sapiens KLRC1 (Killer Cell Lectin-like Receptor Subfamily C Member 1, NKG2-a, NKG2a, CD159A, CD94)), Humanized Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MONALIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Monalizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NN-8765","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NN8765","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NN8765-3658","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896730"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3ZXZ2V0588"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768226"}]}}{"C105399":{"preferredName":"Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 Inhibitor AZD3965","code":"C105399","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MCT1 inhibitor AZD3965 binds to MCT1 and prevents the transport of lactate into and out of the cell. This leads to an accumulation of lactate, intracellular acidification, and eventually cancer cell death. MCT1, a protein overexpressed on tumor cells, is responsible for the transport of monocarboxylates across the cell membrane and plays a key role in cell metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD3965","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCT1 Inhibitor AZD3965","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 Inhibitor AZD3965","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3642150"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746809"}]}}{"C2648":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 105AD7 Anti-idiotype Vaccine","code":"C2648","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody that mimics a tumor-associated antigen 791Tgp72 (also known as CD55). Vaccination with this agent may stimulate a host cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells expressing CD55, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 105AD7 Anti-idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134469"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38413"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38413"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_105AD7_Anti-idiotype_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2446":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 11D10","code":"C2446","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody (anti-Id). Anti-Id 11D10 mimics a specific epitope of the high molecular weight human milk fat globule (HMFG) glycoprotein primarily expressed by human breast and some other tumor cells at high density. This specific HMFG epitope is identified by mAb BrE1, which was used as the immunizing antibody, or Ab1 to generate the anti-Id (Ab2) 11D10. Anti-ID 11D10 reacts specifically with breast tumor cells and with minimal reactivity with normal tissues. Vaccination with anti-Id 11D10 induces anti-anti-idiotype antibodies (Ab3) that may react with breast cancer cell lines expressing the HMFG membrane epitope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11D10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 11D10","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 11D10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"7533665"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677765"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42822"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42822"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_11D10"}]}}{"C2606":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 11D10 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","code":"C2606","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine consisting of a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) directed against an idiotype that mimics a human milk fat globule (HMFG) membrane epitope. Vaccination with monoclonal antibody 11D10 anti-idiotype vaccine induces anti-anti-idiotype antibodies (Ab3) that may react with breast cancer cell lines expressing the HMFG membrane epitope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11D10 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 11D10 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TriAb","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TriAb anti-idiotype antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935720"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38135"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_11D10_Anti-Idiotype_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2368":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 14G2A","code":"C2368","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody directed against the ganglioside GD2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody 14G2A binds to the ganglioside GD2 and induces antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against GD2-expressing tumor cells. GD2 is overexpressed in malignant melanoma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, and small cell carcinoma of the lung. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"14G2A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"14G2A, monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody 14G2A, Monoclonal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MURINE MONOCLONAL ANTI-GD2 ANTIBODY 14G2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MoAb 14G2A","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 14G2A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 14G2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"624345"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280838"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TC4U60XS42"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41244"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41244"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_14G2A"}]}}{"C29198":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 1F5","code":"C29198","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody directed against CD20, a cross-membrane ion channel phosphoprotein expressed by B cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. MOAB 1F5 binds to CD20, thereby directly inhibiting B-cell proliferation and differentiation. When cross-linked by secondary anti-mouse antibodies or Fc receptor-bearing cells, MOAB 1F5 may induce activation of B-cell protein tyrosine kinases, increases in B-cell intracellular calcium ion concentrations, and B-cell caspase activation, resulting in apoptosis of B cells expressing CD20. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody 1F5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOAB 1F5","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 1F5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1513414"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_1F5"}]}}{"C2470":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 3622W94","code":"C2470","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against the 17-1A antigen, with potential adjuvant therapeutic properties in colorectal cancer. 17-1A antigen (EpCAM), a human epithelial cell adhesion molecule, expresses in a variety of carcinoma tissues, such as those of colon and breast carcinomas. Immunization with MoAb 3622W94 may elicit immune responses, which could result in eradicating tumor cells expressing 17-1A antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3622W94","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 3622W94","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 3622W94","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677996"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42985"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42985"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_3622W94"}]}}{"C2370":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 3F8","code":"C2370","definitions":[{"description":"A type of monoclonal antibody used in cancer detection or therapy. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody directed against the cell-surface, tumor-associated antigen ganglioside GD2. Vaccination with monoclonal antibody 3F8 may stimulate a host cytotoxic immune response against tumors that express ganglioside GD2. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3F8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"3F8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3F8 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 3F8","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 3F8","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 3F8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-Ganglioside (GD2) Monoclonal Antibody 3F8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280849"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41259"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41259"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_3F8"}]}}{"C2424":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 3H1 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","code":"C2424","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant monoclonal antibody in which the heavy and light chain variable domains mimic a specific epitope of the tumor-associated protein carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). This agent is used as a cancer vaccine against tumors that express CEA. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEA-Vac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CeaVac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 3H1 anti-idiotype vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 3H1 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"720063"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0393051"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42652"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42652"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_3H1_Anti-Idiotype_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2227":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 4B5 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","code":"C2227","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized anti-idiotypic (anti-Id) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) that mimics the disialoganglioside GD2 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, monoclonal antibody 4B5 anti-idiotype vaccine may elicit both cellular and humoral immune responses against GD2- expressing tumor cells. GD2 is a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide) that may be highly expressed by melanomas and other neuroectodermal tumors, while only minimally expressed by normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4B5 monoclonal antibody anti-idiotype vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 4B5 anti-idiotype vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 4B5 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879386"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37797"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37797"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_4B5_Anti-Idiotype_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2739":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 7C11","code":"C2739","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgM monoclonal antibody against Fas antigen with antineoplastic property. Fas antigen is a member of tumor necrosis factor family that mediates antibody-triggered apoptosis. Upon binds to Fas, monoclonal antibody 7C11 (MoAb 7C11) induces apoptosis in Fas-expressing cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MoAb 7C11","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb IMC-7C11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 7C11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1513423"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_7C11"}]}}{"C1958":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","code":"C1958","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG2 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 81C6 raised against the extracellular matrix antigen tenascin (hexabrachion), up-regulated in gliomas and other cancers. Conjugated MoAb 81C6 may be used in diagnosis or treatment of cancers that over-express tenascin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-tenascin Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-tenascin murine 81C6 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-tenascin murine 81C6 mAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY 81C6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mu81C6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1513424"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D18JQ86QNM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_81C6"}]}}{"C2436":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody A1G4 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","code":"C2436","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-idiotypic (anti-Id) rat monoclonal antibody (MoAb) that mimics the disialoganglioside GD2, a cancer-associated antigen present on melanoma, small cell lung cancer, sarcoma, neuroblastoma, and other malignancies. GD2 is a highly expressed glycosphingolipid by melanoma and other neuroectodermal tumors with only minimal expression on normal tissues. Vaccination with anti-Id A1G4 MoAb may elicit cellular and humoral immune responses against GD2 expression tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A1G4 anti-idiotype monoclonal antibody vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody A1G4 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677670"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42698"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42698"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_A1G4_Anti-Idiotype_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2447":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody A27.15","code":"C2447","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human transferrin (Tf) receptor. Monoclonal antibody A27.15 binds to the Tf receptor, blocking the binding of transferrin to the receptor and resulting in decreased tumor cell growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A27.15","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANTI-TRANSFERRIN MOAB 27.15","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb A27.15","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody A27.15","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"644261"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677772"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42834"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42834"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_A27_15"}]}}{"C2410":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody A33","code":"C2410","definitions":[{"description":"A type of monoclonal antibody used in cancer detection or therapy. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human A33 antigen. Monoclonal antibody A33 recognizes the human A33 antigen, a 43 KDa transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, which is highly and homogenously expressed in 95% of colorectal cancer metastases with only restricted expression in normal colonic mucosa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"A33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A33 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb A33","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody A33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0392959"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42527"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42527"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_A33"}]}}{"C129591":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody AK002","code":"C129591","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic monoclonal antibody against an as of yet unidentified target expressed on mast cells and eosinophils. Upon administration, AK002 targets and binds to a receptor expressed on the surface of mast cells and eosinophils. This may induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against cells overexpressing the undisclosed receptor. This may reduce abnormal proliferation of mast cells and eosinophils, which play a key role in allergic and inflammatory responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AK 002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody AK 002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody AK002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512560"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783857"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783857"}]}}{"C156402":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody ASP1948","code":"C156402","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody targeting a not yet disclosed immunomodulatory receptor, with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, monoclonal antibody ASP1948 binds to its not yet disclosed target, which may stimulate an immune-mediated response against tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP 1948","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-1948","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP1948","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody ASP1948","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody ASP1948","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTZ 329","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTZ-329","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTZ329","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563090"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795699"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795699"}]}}{"C99162":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody AbGn-7","code":"C99162","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric monoclonal antibody against a Lewis-A-like glycotope (AbGn-7 antigen) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Monoclonal antibody AbGn-7 targets and binds to the carbohydrate AbGn-7 antigen on the cell surface of tumor cells and may induce complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), thereby killing AbGn-7-epitope positive tumor cells. AbGn-7 antigen is expressed on a variety of tumor cell types, including human colorectal, pancreatic and gastric tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AbGn-7","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody AbGn-7","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody AbGn-7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433012"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717457"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717457"}]}}{"C2659":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody CAL","code":"C2659","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-rP). As a poly-hormone with diverse biological roles, PTH-rP is expressed by normal tissues, acting in local tissue environments in a variety of ways; it is commonly overexpressed by breast, prostate, and other cancers, acting systemically by promoting bone resorption, inhibiting calcium excretion from the kidney, inducing hypercalcemia, and possibly playing a role in the formation of bony metastases. By blocking the effects of PTH-rP on calcium metabolism, monoclonal antibody CAL may inhibit cancer-related hypercalcemia. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody CAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1135160"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38505"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38505"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_CAL"}]}}{"C2698":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody CC49-delta CH2","code":"C2698","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized CH2 domain-deleted second-generation monoclonal antibody based on the antibody B72.3 that is directed against tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG72). TAG72 is expressed by gastric, breast, pancreatic, colorectal, and ovarian carcinoma cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-49 Delta CH2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOAB CC49-deltaCH2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOAB HCC49DCH2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb HuCC49DeltaCH2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody CC49-delta CH2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HCC49DCH2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"696081"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134500"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38456"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38456"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_CC49-delta_CH2"}]}}{"C98296":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody CEP-37250/KHK2804","code":"C98296","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting glycolipids, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, monoclonal antibody CEP-37250/KHK2804 targets and binds to a specific tumor antigen, thereby stimulating the immune system to exert an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against the tumor associated antigen (TAA)-expressing cancer cells. This agent has shown to be active in both wild-type and mutant K-RAS-expressing colorectal cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEP-37250/KHK2804","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody CEP-37250/KHK2804","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody CEP-37250/KHK2804","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432414"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714212"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714212"}]}}{"C2683":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody D6.12","code":"C2683","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody directed against a 48 kDa antigen expressed on the cell surface of normal and malignant gastrointestinal epithelium. MoAb D6.12 has been shown to induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). This MoAb, either alone or in combination with other immunotherapeutic agents, may have possible diagnostic or therapeutic applications in gastrointestinal cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MoAb D6.12","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb D612","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody D6.12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"8402627"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"641116"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134661"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38656"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38656"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_D6_12"}]}}{"C2448":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody E2.3","code":"C2448","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human transferrin (Tf) receptor. Monoclonal antibody E2.3 binds to the Tf receptor, blocking the binding of transferrin to the receptor and resulting in decreased tumor cell growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Transferrin MOAB E2.3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E2.3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb E2.3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody E2.3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"644262"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677773"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42835"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42835"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_E2_3"}]}}{"C2514":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody F19","code":"C2514","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human fibroblast activation protein (FAP). FAP is a 95 kDa cell surface glycoprotein and an inducible tumor stromal antigen of epithelial cancers and of a subset of soft tissue sarcomas. FAP shows a very limited distribution pattern in normal tissues, thereby MoAb F19 has possible diagnostic and therapeutic applications in epithelial cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-F19 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FAP (Fibroblast Activation Protein), F19 Epitope, Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F19 monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb F19","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody F19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796524"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43384"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43384"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_F19"}]}}{"C26450":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody GD2 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","code":"C26450","definitions":[{"description":"A class of vaccines that consist of anti-idiotype monoclonal antibodies against the tumor-associated antigen disialoganglioside GD2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with a monoclonal antibody GD2 anti-idiotype vaccine produces an immunoglobulin response against GD2 with subsequent destruction of GD2 positive tumor cells via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). GD2 is overexpressed in melanoma, neuroblastoma, soft tissue sarcoma, and small cell carcinoma of the lung. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody GD2 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328690"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257174"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257174"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_GD2_Anti-Idiotype_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2505":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody HeFi-1","code":"C2505","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody HeFi-1 binds to CD30, a cell surface antigen found on mitogen-activated B-cells and T-cells, and Reed-Sternberg cells. Monoclonal antibody HeFi-1 has been shown to arrest tumor growth and prevent metastasis in animal models. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HeFi-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb HeFi-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HeFi-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"603573"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796480"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43332"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43332"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_HeFi-1"}]}}{"C2547":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody Hu3S193","code":"C2547","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Hu3S193 binds to the protein Lewis(y), which is found on colon, breast, lung, ovary, and prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the Lewis Y antigen, a tumor-associated epithelial antigen, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following binding, monoclonal antibody Hu3S193 triggers an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in cells expressing Lewis Y antigen. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hu3S193","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hu3S193","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb Hu3S193","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Hu3S193","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879578"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946415-49-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38031"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38031"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_Hu3S193"}]}}{"C48407":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuAFP31","code":"C48407","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. HuAFP31 attaches to tumor cells that make alpha fetoprotein (AFP). This makes it easier for T cells to find and kill the tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against alpha fetoprotein with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, monoclonal antibody HuAFP31 (mAb HuAFP31) binds to and stimulates a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that express alpha fetoprotein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HuAFP31","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MOAB HuAFP31","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuAFP31","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hAFP-31","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541524"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425344"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425344"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_HuAPF31"}]}}{"C38697":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuHMFG1","code":"C38697","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that binds to the protein MUC1, which is found on breast, ovarian, pancreatic, gastric, and colon cancer cells. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. HuHMFG1 is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against MUC1, a mucin glycoprotein overexpressed in breast and other carcinomas. Monoclonal antibody HuHMFG1 stimulates antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells expressing MUC1, resulting in a decrease in tumor burden. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AS1402","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuHMFG1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HuHMFG1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuHMFG1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuHMFG1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R1550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328704"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"322247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"322247"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_HuHMFG1"}]}}{"C48408":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuPAM4","code":"C48408","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the pancreatic cancer antigen MUC1 with potential antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody HuPAM4 (mAb HuPAM4) binds to cells expressing MUC1 antigen; mAb HuPAM4 may be useful as a carrier for radioisotopes and other antineoplastic therapeutic agents. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB HuPAM4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuPAM4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541527"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425351"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425351"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_HuPAM4"}]}}{"C29224":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-14","code":"C29224","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (anti-CEA) murine monoclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG) with potential antineoplastic activity. CEA is overexpressed in several cancer cell types, including gastrointestinal, breast, and non-small cell lung cancers. MOAB IMMU-14 can be conjugated with a radioactive element for use in radioimmunotherapy (RIT), a regimen that uses a tumor-specific monoclonal antibody to deliver targeted radiation to cancer cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB IMMU-14","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-14","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"624339"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1513453"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_IMMU-14"}]}}{"C2372":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody L6","code":"C2372","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody L6 binds to the L6 antigen, a cell surface glycoprotein overexpressed in many carcinomas, and induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against L6-expressing tumor cells. This agent may be conjugated with various toxins in order to target their cytotoxic activity to tumor cells expressing the L6 antigen. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb L6","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody L6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281019"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41472"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41472"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_L6"}]}}{"C1561":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","code":"C1561","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody directed against the HLA-Dr10 protein, a cell surface marker present on over eighty percent of lymphoma cells. When conjugated with a radioactive isotope, Lym-1 monoclonal antibody selectively transports the cytotoxic radioisotope to HLA-Dr10-expressing tumor cells, thereby sparing healthy B-cells and normal tissues. This agent also mediates antibody-dependent cytotoxicity thereby promoting Raji B-lymphoid cell lysis by human neutrophils. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IgG2a murine monoclonal antibody Lym-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lym-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb Lym-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1, IgG2a Murine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"620858"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280726"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41126"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41126"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_Lym-1"}]}}{"C2417":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody MX35 F(ab')2","code":"C2417","definitions":[{"description":"The F(ab)2 fragment of monoclonal antibody (MoAb) MX35 that recognizes a 95 kD glycoprotein with homogeneous distribution on 80% of ovarian tumor specimens. When radiolabeled, this MoAb has potential use in the radioimaging or may induce a cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells that express this glycoprotein. Containing only the antigen-binding fragment of the Ig molecule, MoAb MX35 F(ab')2 offers the advantages of smaller size and lower cross-reactivity compared to complete antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MX35 F(ab')2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MX35 F(ab')2 monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb MX35 F(ab')2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody MX35 F(ab')2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0393012"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42598"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42598"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_MX35_F_ab_2"}]}}{"C2409":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody Me1-14 F(ab')2","code":"C2409","definitions":[{"description":"The F(ab)2 fragment of Me1-14, a murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody directed against proteoglycan chondroitin sulfate-associated protein expressed by gliomas and melanomas. By binding to proteoglycan chondroitin sulfate-associated protein, monoclonal antibody Me1-14 F(ab')2 conjugated to a radioisotope may localize gliomas and melanomas when used as a tracer in radioimaging applications; in radioimmunotherapeutic applications, this agent conjugated to a radioisotope may be used to deliver targeted radiotoxicity to these tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Me1-14 F(ab')2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Me1-14 F(ab')2 monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb Me1-14 F(ab')2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Me1-14 F(ab')2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0392955"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42523"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42523"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_Me1-14_F_ab_2"}]}}{"C156398":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody NEO-201","code":"C156398","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody derived from an immunogenic preparation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) from pooled allogeneic colon cancer tissue extracts, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon intravenous administration, monoclonal antibody NEO-201 targets and binds to malignant tissues with tumor-specific mutations in the membrane-anchored proteins, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules 5 and 6 (CEACAM5 and CEACAM6). This prevents the interaction between tumor cell CEACAM 5 and natural killer (NK) cell CEACAM1, and reverses CEACAM1-dependent inhibition of NK cytotoxicity. This may result in the activation of NKs and results in NK-mediated tumor cell killing. Additionally, monoclonal antibody NEO-201 may activate innate immune responses against tumor cells such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). CEACAM 5, and 6 are members of the CEA family of proteins. These membrane proteins are over expressed in a variety of cancer cell types and play a key role in cell migration, invasion, and adhesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody NEO-201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEO 201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEO-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEO201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-targeting Antibody NEO-201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"h16C3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"h16C3 Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563093"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795513"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795513"}]}}{"C2349":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody R24","code":"C2349","definitions":[{"description":"An IgG murine monoclonal antibody directed against the ganglioside GD3 glycolipid, located in the cell membranes of some tumor cells. Monoclonal antibody R24 binds to GD3-positive cells, thereby initiating antibody-dependent cytotoxicity against GD3-positive cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MoAb R24","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody R24","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody R24","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R24","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"608918"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279226"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39362"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39362"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_R24"}]}}{"C48409":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody RAV12","code":"C48409","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to cancer cells. It binds to a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule that is found on gastric, colon, pancreatic, prostate, ovarian, breast, and kidney cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against a primate-restricted N-linked carbohydrate epitope (glycotope) expressed on various human carcinomas with potential antineoplastic activity. Following binding, monoclonal antibody RAV12 disrupts sodium channels of tumor cells expressing this glycotope, resulting in cell and organelle swelling, loss of membrane integrity, and cell death. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody RAV12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAV12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"anti-RAAG12 MOAB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541489"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415732"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415732"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_RAV12"}]}}{"C2005":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody SGN-14","code":"C2005","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the CD40 antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. CD-40, an integral membrane protein found on the surface of B lymphocytes and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor super-family, is highly overexpressed on the cell surface of a number of B-cell malignancies. Monoclonal antibody SGN-14 specifically binds to and inhibits CD-40, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell lysis via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody SGN-14","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-14","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519138"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SGN-14"}]}}{"C142826":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody TRK-950","code":"C142826","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary monoclonal antibody targeting an as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action has not been elucidated presumably monoclonal antibody TRK-950 binds to a specific TAA on the cell surface of tumor cells and may induce complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). This may lead to the death of tumor cells expressing the TAA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody TRK-950","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody TRK-950","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK 950","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK-950","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540696"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791700"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791700"}]}}{"C2652":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody huJ591","code":"C2652","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against the external domain of the Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), overexpressed in the malignant prostate and its metastases. Although PSMA is not a biomarker of disease progression, over-expression indicates an aggressive phenotype of the prostate cancer. This humanized J591 (huJ591) MoAb was generated by replacing murine Ig sequences with human ones, thereby MoAb huJ591can be administered to patients on multiple occasions over long time periods without inducing an immune response. Radiolabelled MoAb huJ591 may be used in immunotherapy of prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody huJ591","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"14716739"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134478"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38425"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38425"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_huJ591"}]}}{"C1959":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody m170","code":"C1959","definitions":[{"description":"A panadenocarcinoma murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) with potential antineoplastic activity. MoAb m170 recognizes MUC-1 antigen present on the surface of many adenocarcinomas. It may be conjugated with a radioactive element and used in radioimmunotherapy (RIT), a procedure that uses a tumor-specific monoclonal antibody to target radiation to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 170","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody M170","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody m170","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL448315"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38169"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38169"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_170"}]}}{"C2476":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody muJ591","code":"C2476","definitions":[{"description":"A type of monoclonal antibody used in cancer detection or therapy. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A murine IgG monoclonal antibody against the external domain of the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), overexpressed in the malignant prostate and its metastases. Although PSMA is not a biomarker of disease progression, over-expression indicates an aggressive phenotype of the prostate cancer. Radiolabelled MoAb muJ591 may be used in prostate cancer diagnosis and therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MoAb muJ591","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody muJ591","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"muJ591","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"muJ591","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"muJ591 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0678086"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43087"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43087"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_muJ591"}]}}{"C155907":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Microbial EDP1503","code":"C155907","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available preparation derived from a single clone of Bifidobacterium spp. with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, monoclonal microbial EDP1503 colonizes the gut and may, through a not yet fully elucidated mechanism, promote the activation of dendritic cells (DCs), and enhance the induction and infiltration of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Bifidobacterium is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria, with some species being a commensal part of the human gastrointestinal tract and vaginal flora.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EDP 1503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDP-1503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDP1503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Microbial EDP1503","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Microbial EDP1503","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562766"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795263"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795263"}]}}{"C94208":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal T-cell Receptor Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMCgp100","code":"C94208","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein containing a modified form of human T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the gp100 antigen and fused to an anti-CD3 single-chain antibody fragment, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon direct intratumoral administration of IMCgp100 into the melanoma lesion, the TCR moiety of this agent targets and binds to the tumor associated antigen (TAA) gp100 presented on the melanoma tumor cell; the anti-CD3 fragment moiety binds to CD3- expressing T lymphocytes, thereby selectively cross-linking tumor cells and T-lymphocytes. This may lead to the recruitment of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to the T lymphocyte/tumor cell aggregates and result in CTL-mediated death of gp100-expressing melanoma cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMCgp100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ImmTAC-gp100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal T-cell Receptor Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMCgp100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal T-cell Receptor Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMCgp100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426021"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686537"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686537"}]}}{"C122637":{"preferredName":"Monomethyl Auristatin E","code":"C122637","definitions":[{"description":"A dolastatin-10 peptide derivative with potent antimitotic activity and potential antineoplastic activity as part of an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) binds to tubulin, blocks tubulin polymerization, and inhibits microtubule formation, which results in both disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and arrest of tumor cells in the M phase of the cell cycle. To minimize toxicity and maximize efficacy, MMAE is conjugated, via a cleavable peptide linker, to a monoclonal antibody that specifically targets a patient's tumor. The linker is stable in the extracellular milieu but is readily cleaved to release MMAE following binding and internalization of the ADC by the target cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-N-((3R,4S,5S)-1-((S)-2-((1R,2R)-3-(((1S,2R)-1-hydroxy-1-phenylpropan-2-yl)amino)-1-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methoxy-5-methyl-1-oxoheptan-4-yl)-N,3-dimethyl-2-((S)-3-methyl-2-(methylamino)butanamido)butanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Valinamide, N-methyl-L-valyl-N-((1S,2R)-4-((2S)-2-((1R,2R)-3-(((1R,2S)-2-hydroxy-1- methyl-2-phenylethyl)amino)-1-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- methoxy-1-((1S)-1-methylpropyl)-4-oxobutyl)-N-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MMAE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monomethyl Auristatin E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monomethylauristatin E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N(sup 2)-(N-methyl-L-valyl)-N(sup 1)-((1S,2R)-4-((2S)-2-((1R,2R)-3-(((1R,2S)-2-hydroxy-1-methyl-2- phenylethyl)amino)-1-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-methoxy-1-((1S)-1-methylpropyl)-4-oxobutyl)-N(sup 1)-methyl-L-valinamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1565020"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"474645-27-7"}]}}{"C26662":{"preferredName":"Morinda Citrifolia Fruit Extract","code":"C26662","definitions":[{"description":"An extract prepared from the fruit of Morinda citrifolia, a plant that yields various herbal preparations. Morinda citrifolia fruit juice has antioxidant properties and may prevent tumorigenesis via inhibition of DNA-carcinogen adduct formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Indian Mulberry Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Morinda Citrifolia Fruit Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Morinda citrifolia Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noni","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Noni","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noni Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noni Juice","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328724"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304320"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304320"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Morinda_citrifolia"}]}}{"C1442":{"preferredName":"Morpholinodoxorubicin","code":"C1442","definitions":[{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. As an antineoplastic agent, morpholinodoxorubicin is more potent than doxorubicin. Similar to doxorubicin, morpholinodoxorubicin intercalates into DNA and causes single- and double-strand breaks in DNA via inhibition of topoisomerase I and II. Unlike doxorubicin, this agent is metabolized in vivo to a DNA-alkylating derivative that forms DNA interstrand cross-links, thereby potentiating its doxorubicin-like cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 7, 8, 9, 10-tetrahydro-6, 8, 11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-10-[[2, 3, 6-trideoxy-3-(4-morpholinyl)-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl] oxy]-, hydrochloride, (8S-cis)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Morpholinodoxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"morpholino-ADR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"morpholino-adriamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"354646"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0173377"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"89196-04-3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Morpholinodoxorubicin"}]}}{"C123775":{"preferredName":"Mosedipimod","code":"C123775","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic version of a monoacetyldiacylglyceride naturally occurring in various seed oils, bovine udder and milk fat, antlers of sika deer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action through which EC-18 exerts its pharmacological effect has yet to be fully identified, upon administration, mosedipimod stimulates calcium influx into T-lymphocytes and increases the production of various cytokines, including interleukin (IL) -2, IL-4, IL-12, interferon-gamma (IFN-g), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). This stimulates the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells, bone marrow stromal cells and immune cells, including T- and B-lymphocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Therefore, EC18 may stimulate the immune system to target cancer cells. In addition, EC-18 enhances the cytolytic activity of natural killer (NK) cells and suppresses the expression of the transmembrane protein tumor cell toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) on cancer cells. As activation of TLR-4 enhances immunosuppression and stimulates cancer cell growth, blocking TLR-4 expression suppresses tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (9Z,12Z)-, 1-((Acetyloxy)methyl)-2-((1-oxohexadecyl)oxy)ethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC-18","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOSEDIPIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mosedipimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1455477"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"221139-79-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"88928BS57E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775590"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775590"}]}}{"C129691":{"preferredName":"Mosunetuzumab","code":"C129691","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific, humanized monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Mosunetuzumab contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, mosunetuzumab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing tumor B-cells; this cross-links T-cells to tumor cells, and may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD20-expressing tumor B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody BTCT4465A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTCT 4465A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTCT-4465A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTCT4465A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20/CD3 BiMAb BTCT4465A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mosunetuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mosunetuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507850"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774847"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774847"}]}}{"C71896":{"preferredName":"Motesanib","code":"C71896","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. AMG 706 selectively targets and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFR), Kit, and Ret receptors, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOTESANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Motesanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347295"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"453562-69-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U1JK633AYI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H23N5O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Motesanib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:51098"}]}}{"C48374":{"preferredName":"Motesanib Diphosphate","code":"C48374","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors and protein kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The orally bioavailable diphosphate salt of a multiple-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Motesanib selectively targets and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFR), kit, and Ret receptors, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Pyridinecarboxamide, N-(2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-1H-indol-6-yl)-2-((4-pyridinylmethyl)amino)-, phosphate (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG 706","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AMG 706","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOTESANIB DIPHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Motesanib Diphosphate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Motesanib Diphosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541476"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"857876-30-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T6Q3060U91"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391228"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391228"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H23N5O.2H3O4P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AMG706"}]}}{"C1881":{"preferredName":"Motexafin Gadolinium","code":"C1881","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may make tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy, improve tumor images using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and kill cancer cells. It is a type of metalloporphyrin complex.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic metallotexaphyrin with radiosensitizing and chemosensitizing properties. Motexafin gadolinium accumulates in tumor cells preferentially due to their increased rates of metabolism, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) intracellularly and lowering the tumor cell apoptotic threshold to ionizing radiation and chemotherapy. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"API-GP3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gadolinium Texaphyrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gd (III) Texaphryin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gd-Tex","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOTEXAFIN GADOLINIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Motexafin Gadolinium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Motexafin Gadolinium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCI-0120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xcytrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gadolinium texaphyrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"motexafin gadolinium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"695238"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0964264"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"156436-89-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6433A42F4F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42391"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42391"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C48H66N5O10.2C2H3O2.Gd"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Motexafin_Gadolinium"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50162"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50161"}]}}{"C1651":{"preferredName":"Motexafin Lutetium","code":"C1651","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer using photodynamic therapy. It belongs to the family of drugs called metallotexaphyrins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pentadentate aromatic metallotexaphyrin with photosensitizing properties. Motexafin lutetium preferentially accumulates in tumor cells due to their increased rates of metabolism and absorbs light, forming an extended high energy conformational state that produces high quantum yields of singlet oxygen, resulting in local cytotoxic effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lu tex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lu-Tex","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Texaphrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Texaphyrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium texaphyrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lutex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lutex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOTEXAFIN LUTETIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Motexafin Lutetium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Motexafin Lutetium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Optrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCI-0123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lutetium texaphyrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"motexafin lutetium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"695239"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338310"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"246252-04-0"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"156436-90-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0A85BJ22L6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42402"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42402"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C48H66N5O10.2C2H3O2.Lu.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Motexafin_Lutetium"}]}}{"C80521":{"preferredName":"Motolimod","code":"C80521","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) agonist with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Motolimod binds to TLR8, present in cutaneous dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages, and mast cells, which may result in the activation of the central transcription factor nuclear factor-B, the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and other mediators, and a Th1-weighted antitumoral cellular immune response. Primarily localized to endosomal membranes intracellularly, TLR8, like other TLRs, recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and plays a key role in the innate immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOTOLIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Motolimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Motolimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toll-like Receptor 8 Agonist VTX-2337","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VTX-2337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VTX-378","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825237"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"926927-61-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WP6PY72ZH3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599455"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599455"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"TLR8_Agonist_VTX-2337"}]}}{"C68819":{"preferredName":"Moxetumomab Pasudotox","code":"C68819","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody linked to a toxic substance. It is being studied in the treatment of some types of B-cell cancer. Anti-CD22 immunotoxin CAT-8015 is made in the laboratory. It binds to CD22, a protein on the surface of normal B cells and B-cell tumors, and kills the cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant immunotoxin consisting of the Fv portion of the anti-CD22 antibody covalently fused to a 38 KDa fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin-A (PE38) with potential antineoplastic activity. The Fv portion of anti-CD22 immunotoxin CAT-8015 binds to CD22, a cell surface receptor expressed on a variety of malignant B-cells, thereby delivering the toxin moiety PE38 directly to tumor cells. Once internalized, PE38 induces caspase-mediated apoptosis via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage and blocks translational elongation by binding to elongation factor 2 (EF-2). Anti-CD22 immunotoxin CAT-8015 exhibits a greater affinity for CD22 than its predecessor, anti-CD22 immunotoxin CAT-3888 (BL22 immunotoxin), and hence may be more effective against tumor cells expressing lower levels of CD22.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD22 Immunotoxin CAT-8015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAT-8015","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CAT-8015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GCR-8015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HA22","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin CAT-8015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOXETUMOMAB PASUDOTOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Moxetumomab Pasudotox","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Moxetumomab Pasudotox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moxetumomab Pasudotox-TDFK","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-CD22 immunotoxin CAT-8015","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2717021"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1020748-57-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory hairy cell leukemia (HCL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2NDX4B6N8F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"540032"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"540032"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD22_Immunotoxin_CAT-8015"}]}}{"C122707":{"preferredName":"Mps1 Inhibitor BAY 1217389","code":"C122707","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1, TTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the Mps1 inhibitor BAY 1217389 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of Mps1. This inactivates the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), accelerates mitosis, causes chromosomal misalignment and missegregation, and mitotic checkpoint complex destabilization. This induces cell death in Mps1-overexpressing cancer cells. Mps1, a kinase expressed in proliferating normal tissues and aberrantly overexpressed in a wide range of human tumors, is activated during mitosis and is essential for proper SAC functioning and chromosome alignment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 1217389","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mps1 Inhibitor BAY 1217389","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mps1 Inhibitor BAY 1217389","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053670"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769545"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769545"}]}}{"C155895":{"preferredName":"Mps1 Inhibitor BOS172722","code":"C155895","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the serine/threonine-protein kinase monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1; TTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the Mps1 inhibitor BOS172722 binds to and inhibits the activity of Mps1, a core component of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Inhibition of Mps1 activity compromises spindle assembly checkpoint, increases chromosome missegregation errors and decreases cancer cell viability. Mps1, a dual-specificity protein kinase expressed in proliferating normal tissues and aberrantly overexpressed in certain tumor types, is activated during mitosis and is essential in proper SAC function and chromosomal alignment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BOS 172722","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOS172722","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monopolar Spindle 1 Inhibitor BOS172722","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mps1 Inhibitor BOS172722","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTK Inhibitor BOS172722","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562779"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794872"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794872"}]}}{"C107188":{"preferredName":"Mucoadhesive Paclitaxel Formulation","code":"C107188","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, mucoadhesive lipid preparation consisting of paclitaxel, a compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia, in a formulation that is comprised of a mixture of monoolein, tricarprylin, and Tween 80, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DHP107 forms droplets and micelles in the intestine; these adhere to mucoepithelial cells in the gastrointestinal tract and are absorbed through lipid-based uptake mechanisms. Upon absorption, paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, which results in the inhibition of both microtubule depolymerization and cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis by both binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein B-cell Leukemia 2 (Bcl-2).The mucoadhesive paclitaxel formulation does not contain P-glycoprotein inhibitors, the solvent cremophor or any other toxic solvent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DHP107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucoadhesive Paclitaxel Formulation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mucoadhesive Paclitaxel Formulation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL449448"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750455"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750455"}]}}{"C101786":{"preferredName":"Multi-AGC Kinase Inhibitor AT13148","code":"C101786","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of AGC group kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. AT13148 inhibits, in an ATP-competitive manner, the enzymatic activity of two AGC kinases, protein kinase B (PKB or AKT) and p70S6K which play key roles in the PI3K/PKB/mTOR signaling pathway. Blockade of this pathway leads to an inhibition of cell growth and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. PI3K/PKB/mTOR pathway is dysregulated in greater than 50% of tumors, and is often correlated with resistance and increased tumor survival. AGC group kinases are serine/threonine kinases that are regulated by secondary messengers such as cyclic AMP and lipids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AT13148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-AGC Kinase Inhibitor AT13148","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640215"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732857"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732857"}]}}{"C128898":{"preferredName":"Multi-epitope Anti-folate Receptor Peptide Vaccine TPIV 200","code":"C128898","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine containing five immunogenic peptide epitopes of the human folate receptor 1 (FOLR1; FR-alpha), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, multi-epitope anti-folate receptor peptide vaccine TPIV 200 may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against FR-alpha-overexpressing tumor cells. FR-alpha is a high-affinity folate-binding protein and a member of the folate receptor family; this receptor is overexpressed in various cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multi-epitope Anti-folate Receptor Peptide Vaccine TPIV 200","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multi-epitope Anti-folate Receptor Peptide Vaccine TPIV 200","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPIV 200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPIV 200 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPIV-200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPIV200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPIV200/huFR-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512164"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782632"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782632"}]}}{"C165292":{"preferredName":"Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine H2NVAC","code":"C165292","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine containing four immunogenic epitopes derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; HER-2; ErbB2; Neu), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, multi-epitope HER2 peptide vaccine H2NVAC may induce a helper T-cell mediated immune response against HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in long-term immunopotentiation against HER2-expressing tumor cells by increasing the helper T-cell response. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor for epidermal growth factor (EGF), is overexpressed in various cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H2NVAC","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 Peptide Vaccine H2NVAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 Specific Helper T-cell Epitope Vaccine H2NVAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine H2NVAC","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine H2NVAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799763"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799763"}]}}{"C124054":{"preferredName":"Multi-glioblastoma-peptide-targeting Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine ICT-107","code":"C124054","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with six synthetic glioblastoma (GBM) peptides: absent in melanoma 2 (AIM-2), melanoma-associated antigen 1 (MAGE-1), tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2), glycoprotein 100 (gp100), epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2 (IL-13Ra2), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Mononuclear cells obtained via leukapheresis are differentiated into DCs, and pulsed with the GBM-associated peptides. Upon administration, multi-glioblastoma-peptide-targeting autologous DC vaccine ICT-107 exposes the immune system to GBM-associated antigens, which activates a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GBM cells. This leads to GBM cell lysis. The six peptides are derived from tumor associated antigens (TAA) expressed on GBM cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs). GBM stem-like cells contain a specific range of antigens that are essential for the neoplastic growth and survival of GBM cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ICT-107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-glioblastoma-peptide-pulsed Autologous DC Vaccine ICT-107","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-glioblastoma-peptide-targeting Autologous DC Vaccine ICT-107","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-glioblastoma-peptide-targeting Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine ICT-107","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multi-glioblastoma-peptide-targeting Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine ICT-107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498408"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776267"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776267"}]}}{"C162676":{"preferredName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor TPX-0022","code":"C162676","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, multi-targeted kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, multi-kinase inhibitor TPX-0022 binds to and inhibits three tyrosine kinases that are often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, including MET (c-Met; hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) , Src, and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; C-FMS; CD115; macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor; M-CSFR) thereby disrupting their respective signaling pathways. MET, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and in tumor angiogenesis. Src, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, motility, invasiveness and survival. CSF1R is a cell-surface receptor for colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1); this receptor tyrosine kinase is overexpressed by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and plays a major role in both immune suppression and the induction of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MET/Src/CSF1R Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TPX-0022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor TPX-0022","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor TPX-0022","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor TPX-0022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPX 0022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPX-0022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPX0022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798966"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798966"}]}}{"C161598":{"preferredName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor XL092","code":"C161598","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, multi-kinase inhibitor XL092 strongly binds to and inhibits several RTKs that are often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, including hepatocyte growth factor receptor (proto-oncogene c-Met) and certain vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) subtypes. This may result in an inhibition of both tumor growth and angiogenesis, and eventually lead to tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor XL092","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor XL092","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL 092","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-092","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL092","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798432"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798432"}]}}{"C164211":{"preferredName":"Multi-mode Kinase Inhibitor EOC317","code":"C164211","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule, multi-mode kinase inhibitor (MMKI), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MMKI EOC317 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of a variety of kinases, such as phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), and the receptor tyrosine kinases, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), angiopoietin-1 receptor (TIE 2), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). This inhibition may result in an induction of apoptosis of susceptible tumors cells in which these kinases are overexpressed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTB-1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDP317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EOC 317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EOC-317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EOC317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-mode Kinase Inhibitor EOC317","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONC201MMKI EOC317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urea, N-[4-[4-amino-6-(methoxymethyl)-7-(4-morpholinylmethyl)pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-5-yl]-2-fluorophenyl]-N'-[2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"939805-30-8"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799401"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799401"}]}}{"C26645":{"preferredName":"Multi-neo-epitope Vaccine OSE 2101","code":"C26645","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called cancer vaccines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A proprietary cancer DNA vaccine that contains multiple natural and modified epitopes derived from the four tumor associated antigens, CEA, HER2/neu, p53, and MAGE 2/3. EP-2101 also includes CAP1-6D, a heteroclitic CEA analog, and PADRE, a proprietary universal T-cell epitope that serves to enhance the immunogenicity of the epitopes. This agent has been shown to elicit cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses against tumor cells expressing these multiple epitopes. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EP-2101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"EP-2101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP2101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDM2101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-neo-epitope Vaccine OSE 2101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSE-2101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tedopi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2606659"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"301640"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"301640"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"EP-2101"}]}}{"C101260":{"preferredName":"Multifunctional/Multitargeted Anticancer Agent OMN54","code":"C101260","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, multivalent herbal formulation containing a novel mixture of whole extracts from three commonly used Chinese medicinal herbs Ganoderma lucidum (lingzhi mushroom), Salvia miltiorrhiza (Chinese sage, or danshen) and Scutellaria barbata (ban zhi lian), with potential immunomodulating, antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antiviral activities. Although the exact mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated due to the complexity of the multiple phytochemicals, multifunctional/multitargeted anticancer agent OMN54 appears to work in an additive and synergistic manner by acting on a variety of signaling pathways and on multiple targets, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, nuclear factor kappa B, interleukin-1beta, fibroblast growth factor, and epidermal growth factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aneustat","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MFMT OMN54","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multifunctional/Multitargeted Anticancer Agent OMN54","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMN54","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435508"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729454"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729454"}]}}{"C90553":{"preferredName":"Multikinase Inhibitor 4SC-203","code":"C90553","definitions":[{"description":"A multikinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Multikinase inhibitor 4SC-203 selectively inhibits FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3/STK1), FLT3 mutated forms, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs). This may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis and cell proliferation in tumor cells in which these kinases are upregulated. FLT3 (FLK2), a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage and acute myeloid leukemias (AML). VEGFRs, tyrosine kinase receptors, are overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and play key roles in angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4SC-203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor 4SC-203","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416237"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666086"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666086"}]}}{"C48369":{"preferredName":"Multikinase Inhibitor AEE788","code":"C48369","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors and angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable multiple-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. AEE788 inhibits phosphorylation of the tyrosine kinases of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGF2), resulting in receptor inhibition, the inhibition of cellular proliferation, and induction of tumor cell and tumor-associated endothelial cell apoptosis. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEE 788","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"AEE-788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AEE788","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor AEE788","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1506057"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"497839-62-0"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"371727"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"371727"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AEE788"}]}}{"C66947":{"preferredName":"Multikinase Inhibitor AT9283","code":"C66947","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It blocks enzymes (Aurora kinases) involved in cell division and may kill cancer cells. AT9283 is a type of serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small synthetic molecule and aurora kinase (AK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. AT9283 selectively binds to and inhibits AKs A and B, which are serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis. Inhibition of these kinases results in an inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress AKs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AT9283","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AT9283","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora kinase inhibitor AT9283","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor AT9283","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor AT9283","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879521"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"534287"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"534287"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AT9283"}]}}{"C88278":{"preferredName":"Multikinase Inhibitor SAR103168","code":"C88278","definitions":[{"description":"A multikinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, multikinase inhibitor SAR103168 may, through the inhibition of multiple kinases, inhibit the phosphorylation and activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5). STAT5, a protein often upregulated in cancer cells, plays a key role in signal transduction pathways and the suppression of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor SAR103168","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor SAR103168","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR103168","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981800"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656309"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656309"}]}}{"C125692":{"preferredName":"Multipeptide Vaccine S-588210","code":"C125692","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of a combination of the injectable formulations S-488210, which contains the three HLA-A*02:01-restricted peptides up-regulated lung cancer 10 (lymphocyte antigen 6K; LY6K; URLC10), cell division cycle-associated protein 1 (kinetochore protein Nuf2; NUF2; CDCA1) and insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3; KOC1) and S-488211, which contains the two HLA-A*02:01-restricted peptides DEP domain-containing protein 1A (DEPDC1) and M-phase phosphoprotein 1 (kinesin-like protein KIF20B; MPHOSPH1), with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Upon administration, multipeptide vaccine S-588210 may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing KOC1, CDCA1, URLC10, DEPDC1 or MPHOSPH1 peptides, resulting in tumor cell lysis and decreased tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multipeptide Vaccine S-588210","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multipeptide Vaccine S-588210","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-488210/S-488211","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-588210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504368"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778596"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778596"}]}}{"C77866":{"preferredName":"Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor JNJ-26483327","code":"C77866","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, multitargeted reversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor JNJ-26483327 binds to and inhibits several members of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, including EGFR, HER2 and HER4; Src family kinases (Lyn, Yes, Fyn, Lck and Src); and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 3 (VEGFR3). By inhibiting several different signaling molecules that play crucial roles at various stages in tumorigenesis, this agent may inhibit tumor growth, invasion, migration and metastasis. In addition, JNJ-26483327 crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ-26483327","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor JNJ-26483327","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TKI JNJ-26483327","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713088"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596693"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596693"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Multitargeted_Kinase_Inhibitor_JNJ-26483327"}]}}{"C38690":{"preferredName":"Muparfostat","code":"C38690","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antiangiogenesis agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mixture of highly sulfated, monophosphorylated mannose oligosaccharides, derived from the extracellular phosphomannan of the yeast Pichia (Hansenula) holstii, with potential antiangiogenic activity. Muparfostat inhibits the endo-beta-D-glucuronidase heparanase, which may interfere with the heparanase-mediated degradation of heparan-sulfate proteoglycans in extracellular matrices, an important step in the metastatic process. This agent may also bind with high affinity to the heparan sulfate-binding domains of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factors 1 and 2, thereby reducing their functional activities and inhibiting VEGF and FGF stimulation of tumor angiogenesis. Increased heparanase activity has been implicated in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-O-(dihydrogen Phosphate)-2,3,4-tris-O-(hydrogen Sulfate)-alpha-d-mannopyranosyl-(1->poly(3)-2,4,6-tris-O-(hydrogen Sulfate)-alpha-d-mannopyranosyl-(1->)2)-1,3,4,6-tetrakis-O-(hydrogen Sulfate)-d-mannopyranose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUPARFOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Muparfostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Muparfostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI 88","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI-88","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PI-88","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphomannopentose Sulfate PI-88","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulfated Phosphomanno-oligosaccharide PI-88","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-D-Mannan, (1->3)-, 6-(Dihydrogen Phosphate) Tris(Hydrogen Sulfate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0769628"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Malignant melanoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P2BKS6T40H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"339562"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"339562"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PI-88"}]}}{"C2234":{"preferredName":"Mureletecan","code":"C2234","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble prodrug, consisting of camptothecin covalently linked to polymeric backbone methacryloylglycynamide, with potential antineoplastic activity. After entering tumor cells, the active moiety camptothecin is slowly released from mureletecan via hydrolysis of the ester linkage. Camptothecin, an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, binds to and stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex. This inhibits the religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-stranded DNA breaks and produces potentially lethal double-stranded DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery, resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication and apoptosis. Compared to camtpothecin, this prodrug formulation increases camptothecin drug delivery to the tumor site while reducing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAG-CPT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAG-Camptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MURELETECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mureletecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU 166148","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PNU 166148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU166148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527216"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"246527-99-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TTJ03QI76T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43584"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43584"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PNU_166148"}]}}{"C148134":{"preferredName":"Mutant IDH1 Inhibitor DS-1001","code":"C148134","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1; IDH-1; IDH1 [NADP+] soluble) mutant forms, including substitution mutations at the arginine in position 132, IDH1(R132) (IDH1-R132), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, mutant IDH-1 inhibitor DS-1001 specifically inhibits certain mutant forms of IDH1, thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells expressing IDH1 mutations. IDH1(R132) mutations are highly expressed in certain malignancies, including gliomas; they initiate and drive cancer growth by both blocking cell differentiation and catalyzing the formation of 2HG. DS-1001 minimally targets and affects wild-type IDH1, which is expressed in normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS 1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-1001b","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mutant IDH1 Inhibitor DS-1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mutant Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Type 1 Inhibitor DS-1001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550810"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792460"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792460"}]}}{"C121951":{"preferredName":"Mutant p53 Activator COTI-2","code":"C121951","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available third generation thiosemicarbazone and activator of mutant forms of the p53 protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mutant p53 activator COTI-2 targets and binds to the misfolded mutant forms of the p53 protein, which induces a conformational change that normalizes p53 and restores its activity. This induces apoptosis in tumor cells in which the p53 protein is mutated. In addition, COTI-2 inhibits the activation of Akt2 and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby inducing apoptosis in cancer cells in which this pathway is overexpressed. p53, a tumor suppressor protein, plays a key role in controlling cellular proliferation and survival. High levels of mutant p53 are seen in many cancers and are associated with uncontrolled cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COTI2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coti-2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mutant p53 Activator COTI-2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mutant p53 Activator COTI-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053651"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772024"}]}}{"C119624":{"preferredName":"Mutant-selective EGFR Inhibitor PF-06459988","code":"C119624","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule, third-generation, irreversible inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant (EGFRm) forms with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR inhibitor PF-06459988 specifically binds to and inhibits mutant forms of EGFR, including the secondary acquired resistance mutation T790M, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFRm-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, PF-06459988 may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance. This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type EGFR (WT EGFR), and does not cause dose-limiting toxicities that are seen with the use of non-selective EGFR inhibitors, which also inhibit WT EGFR. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mutant-selective EGFR Inhibitor PF-06459988","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06459988","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896788"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766942"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766942"}]}}{"C118445":{"preferredName":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis Arabinomannan Z-100","code":"C118445","definitions":[{"description":"An extract from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) containing the polysaccharide arabinomannan, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration of M. tuberculosis arabinomannan Z-100, this agent may activate the immune system by increasing the expression of various cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFNg) and interleukin-12. This inhibits the activity of suppressor T-cells, increases T helper 1 cell (Th1) activity and may restore the balance between Th1/Th2 cells. Additionally, Z-100 may inhibit metastasis and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis Arabinomannan Z-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0149256"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764997"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764997"}]}}{"C70969":{"preferredName":"Mycobacterium w","code":"C70969","definitions":[{"description":"An attenuated strain of Mycobacterium w, a non-pathogenic, rapidly growing, atypical mycobacterium, with non-specific immunopotentiating properties. In addition to sharing a number of common B and T cell determinants with Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium w (Mw) also shares an immunogenic determinant with prostate specific antigen (PSA). In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that heat-killed Mw can induce significant T-cell responses. This agent may induce host T-cell responses against tumor cells expressing PSA. PSA is a glycoprotein secreted by prostatic epithelial and ductal cells and may be overexpressed in prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immuvac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium w","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL375836"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"571076"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"571076"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mycobacterium_w"}]}}{"C673":{"preferredName":"Mycophenolic Acid","code":"C673","definitions":[{"description":"An antineoplastic antibiotic derived from various Penicillium fungal species. Mycophenolic acid is an active metabolite of the prodrug mycophenolate mofetil. Mycophenolic acid inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), preventing the formation of guanosine monophosphate and synthesis of lymphocyte DNA that results in inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation, antibody production, cellular adhesion, and migration of T and B lymphocytes. Mycophenolic acid also has antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Hexenoic acid, 6-(1,3-dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-5-isobenzofuranyl)-4-methyl-, (E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Hexenoic acid, 6-(4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-5-phthalanyl)-4-methyl-, (E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acide mycophenolique","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acido micofenolico","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acidum mycophenolicum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lilly-68618","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ly 68618","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MYCOPHENOLIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mycophenolic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Mycophenolic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mycophenolic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myfortic","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"129185"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026933"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"483-60-3"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"24280-93-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Prophylaxis of organ rejection after allogenic renal; cardiac; or hepatic transplants; psoriasis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HU9DX48N0T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732227"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732227"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H20O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mycophenolic_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:168396"}]}}{"C2084":{"preferredName":"N,N-Dibenzyl Daunomycin","code":"C2084","definitions":[{"description":"The N-alkylated analogue of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunomycin. N,N-Dibenzyl Daunomycin interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and promoting DNA fragmentation. This agent is less cardiotoxic than daunomycin. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N,N-Dibenzyl Daunomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-dibenzyl daunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-dibenzyldaunomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-dibenzyldaunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0067345"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"N_N-Dibenzyl_Daunomycin"}]}}{"C44168":{"preferredName":"N-(5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl)-N-(4-(4-pyridinyl)oxyphenyl) Urea","code":"C44168","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available isoxazole urea with potential anti-tumor activity. In preclinical trials, N-(5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl)-N-(4-(4-pyridinyl)oxyphenyl)urea inhibited raf kinase, an enzyme capable of reversing the phenotype of ras-transformed cells and blocking tumor growth. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N-(5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl)-N-(4-(4-pyridinyl)oxyphenyl) Urea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl)-N-(4-(4-pyridinyl)oxyphenyl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1517613"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"N-_5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl_-N-_4-_4-pyridinyl_oxyphenyl_-Urea"}]}}{"C1163":{"preferredName":"N-Methylformamide","code":"C1163","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble organic solvent. As an adjuvant antineoplastic agent, N-methylformamide depletes cellular glutathione, a key molecule involved in the antioxidation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other free radicals, thereby enhancing ionizing radiation-induced DNA cross-linking in and terminal differentiation of tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EK 7011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"EK 7011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Formamide, N-methyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monomethylformamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-METHYLFORMAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"N-Methylformamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"N-Methylformamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-Methylformamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X 188","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"X 188","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"formylmethylamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monomethylformamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"3051"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0066373"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123-39-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XPE4G7Y986"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39511"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39511"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C2H5NO"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"N-Methylformamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7438"}]}}{"C37450":{"preferredName":"NA17-A Antigen","code":"C37450","definitions":[{"description":"A specific melanoma antigen protein derived from a patient (NA17) with cutaneous melanoma metastases. When administered in a vaccine formulation, NA17-A antigen may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumors that express this antigen, which may result in a reduction in tumor size. The NA17-A antigen is part of the enzyme N-acetyl glucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V). Approximately half of melanomas have been found to express significant levels of this atypical protein, which is not expressed by normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NA17-A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NA17-A Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134655"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38647"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38647"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"NA17-A_Antigen"}]}}{"C2680":{"preferredName":"NA17.A2 Peptide Vaccine","code":"C2680","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of human leukocyte antigen HLA-A2-restricted peptide derived from a metastatic melanoma cell line of patient NA17, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. NA17.A2 peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumors that express this antigen, which may result in a reduction in tumor size. This NA17 specific antigen, encoded by an intron sequence of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) gene, is expressed in about 50% of melanomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NA17.A2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NA17.A2 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"NA17.A2 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL423775"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685201"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685201"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"NA17_A2_Antigen"}]}}{"C162742":{"preferredName":"NAMPT Inhibitor OT-82","code":"C162742","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-synthesizing enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT; NAMPRTase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, NAMPT inhibitor OT-82 binds to and inhibits the activity of NAMPT. This depletes cellular NAD and inhibits NAD-dependent enzymes, both of which are needed for rapid cell proliferation; this results in cell death in NAMPT-overexpressing cancer cells. NAMPT, an enzyme that is responsible for maintaining the intracellular NAD pool, plays a key role in the regulation of cellular metabolism and has cytokine-like activities. NAMPT is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and metabolic disorders; tumor cells rely on NAMPT activity for their NAD supply.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NAMPT Inhibitor OT-82","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"NAMPT Inhibitor OT-82","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAMPTi OT-82","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Inhibitor OT-82","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OT 82","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OT-82","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OT82","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798968"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798968"}]}}{"C136418":{"preferredName":"NEDD8 Activating Enzyme E1 Inhibitor TAS4464","code":"C136418","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of NEDD8 (neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 8) activating enzyme E1 (NAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TAS4464 selectively binds to and inhibits NAE, which prevents NAE/NEDD8-mediated signaling and prevents the NEDD8 conjugation of cullin-RING ligase complexes (CRLs). This inactivates the CRLs leading to an accumulation of CRL substrate proteins, such as CDT1, p27, p21 and phosphorylated IkappaB, and inactivates nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) as well as downregulates anti-apoptotic proteins. This causes cell cycle dysregulation, induces apoptosis, and inhibits tumor cell proliferation and survival. NAE catalyzes the first step in the NEDD8 conjugation (neddylation) pathway which controls cancer cell growth and survival through activation of CRLs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NAE Inhibitor TAS4464","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEDD8 Activating Enzyme E1 Inhibitor TAS4464","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"NEDD8 Activating Enzyme E1 Inhibitor TAS4464","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS4464","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523721"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789222"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789222"}]}}{"C96232":{"preferredName":"NG-nitro-L-arginine","code":"C96232","definitions":[{"description":"An amino acid derivative and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Upon administration, NG-nitro-L-arginine inhibits the enzyme nitric oxide synthase, thereby preventing the formation of nitric oxide (NO). By preventing NO generation, the vasodilatory effects of NO are abrogated leading to vasoconstriction, reduction in vascular permeability and an inhibition of angiogenesis. As blood flow to tumors is restricted, this may result in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. NO plays an important role in tumor blood flow and stimulation of angiogenesis, tumor progression, survival, migration and invasiveness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L-NNA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG-nitro-L-arginine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOLA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0068821"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697835"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697835"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27960"}]}}{"C155945":{"preferredName":"NLRP3 Agonist BMS-986299","code":"C155945","definitions":[{"description":"A nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3; NACHT, LRR and PYD Containing Protein 3; NALP3) agonist with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, NLRP3 agonist BMS-986299 binds to and activates NLRP3, potentially promoting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8), which may induce tumoricidal activity of natural killer (NK) cells against tumor cells. NLRP3, a sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome plays a significant role in immunity and inflammation, and may protect against tumorigenesis in some cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS 986299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Agonist BMS-986299","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NLRP3 Agonist BMS-986299","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"NLRP3 Agonist BMS-986299","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562818"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795266"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795266"}]}}{"C118948":{"preferredName":"NTRK/ROS1 Inhibitor DS-6051b","code":"C118948","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) and the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1, 2 and 3, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DS-6051b binds to and inhibits ROS1 and the NTRK family members. This inhibition leads to a disruption of ROS1- and NTRK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits the growth of tumor cells that are overexpressing ROS1 and/or NTRKs. ROS1, overexpressed in certain cancer cells, plays a key role in cell growth and survival of cancer cells. NTRK mutations or rearrangements play a key role in cancer progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS-6051b","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NTRK/ROS1 Inhibitor DS-6051b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896871"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766123"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766123"}]}}{"C62452":{"preferredName":"NY-ESO-1 Plasmid DNA Cancer Vaccine pPJV7611","code":"C62452","definitions":[{"description":"A plasmid DNA encoding an immunogenic peptide derived from the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, NY-ESO-1 plasmid DNA cancer vaccine pPJV7611 may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the NY-ESO-1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. NY-ESO-1 is a tumor associated antigen (TAA) found in normal testes and expressed on the surfaces of various tumor cells, including melanoma, breast, bladder, prostate, lung, ovarian, and hepatocellular tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NY-ESO-1 Plasmid DNA Cancer Vaccine pPJV7611","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pPJV7611","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pPJV7611 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831877"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489121"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489121"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"NY-ESO-1_Plasmid_DNA_Vaccine"}]}}{"C120557":{"preferredName":"NY-ESO-1-specific TCR Gene-transduced T Lymphocytes TBI-1301","code":"C120557","definitions":[{"description":"Human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following leukapheresis, isolation of lymphocytes, expansion ex vivo, transduction, and introduction into the patient, the NY-ESO-1-specific TCR gene-transduced T lymphocytes TBI-1301 bind to NY-ESO-1 on tumor cells. This may result in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of NY-ESO-1-positive cancer cells. NY-ESO-1, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is found in normal testis and on the surface of various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NY-ESO-1-specific TCR Gene-transduced T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NY-ESO-1-specific TCR Gene-transduced T Lymphocytes TBI-1301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TBI-1301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053586"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769543"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769543"}]}}{"C113432":{"preferredName":"NY-ESO-1/GLA-SE Vaccine ID-G305","code":"C113432","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of a recombinant form of the tumor antigen NY-ESO-1 and glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (GLA)-stable emulsion (GLA-SE), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intramuscular injection, the adjuvant portion of the NY-ESO-1/GLA-SE vaccine ID-G30 binds to toll-like receptor subtype 4 (TLR-4) expressed on dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes, macrophages and B cells. The activated DCs present the NY-ESO-1 antigen to Th1 CD4 T-lymphocytes. This leads to the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and the killing of NY-ESO-1-expressing tumor cells. This vaccine also induces specific antibody responses and increases the production of inflammatory cytokines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ID-G305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDC-G305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NY-ESO-1/GLA-SE Vaccine ID-G305","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"NY-ESO-1/GLA-SE Vaccine ID-G305","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458226"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756236"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756236"}]}}{"C26680":{"preferredName":"NY-ESO-B","code":"C26680","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor-associated antigen belonging to the family of immunogenic testicular proteins that are aberrantly expressed in human cancers in a lineage-nonspecific fashion. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed NY-ESO-1 mRNA expression in a variable proportion of a wide array of human cancers, including melanoma, breast cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma; and restricted expression in normal tissues, with high-level mRNA expression found only in testis and ovary tissues. The gene for NY-ESO-1 maps to Xq28 and codes for an 18-kDa protein having no homology with any known protein. NY-ESO-1 elicits a strong, integrated humoral and cellular immune response in a high proportion of patients with NY-ESO-1-expressing tumors and is under investigation as a cancer immunotherapy agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NY-ESO-B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327762"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257347"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257347"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"NY-ESO-B"}]}}{"C2688":{"preferredName":"Nab-paclitaxel","code":"C2688","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat breast cancer that has spread or that has come back within 6 months after chemotherapy. It is also being studied in the treatment of newly diagnosed breast cancer and other types of cancer. ABI-007 is a type of mitotic inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A Cremophor EL-free, albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation of the natural taxane paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes microtubules, preventing their depolymerization and so inhibiting cellular motility, mitosis, and replication. This formulation solubilizes paclitaxel without the use of the solvent Cremophor, thereby permitting the administration of larger doses of paclitaxel while avoiding the toxic effects associated with Cremophor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABI 007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABI-007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ABI-007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abraxane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Abraxane","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Albumin-Stabilized Nanoparticle Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Albumin-bound Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nab-paclitaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nab-paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-bound Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Albumin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein-bound Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nanoparticle paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"protein-bound paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"736631"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134696"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38690"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38690"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ABI-007"}]}}{"C131213":{"preferredName":"Nab-paclitaxel/Rituximab-coated Nanoparticle AR160","code":"C131213","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation composed of nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) paclitaxel, which is an albumin-stabilized nanoparticle containing the natural taxane paclitaxel, non-covalently coated with rituximab, a recombinant chimeric murine/human antibody directed against the CD20 antigen found on B-lymphocytes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of nab-paclitaxel/rituximab nanoparticle AR160, the rituximab moiety specifically binds to CD20 and targets this formulation to CD20-positive tumor cells. Paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes microtubules, which prevents depolymerization and inhibits cellular motility, mitosis, and replication. This leads to cell death of the CD20-expressing tumor cells that were targeted by this agent. The combination of albumin-stabilization and rituximab-targeting allows for higher efficacy and decreased paclitaxel-induced toxicity as it specifically targets CD20-expressing tumor cells. Rituximab may also induce complement-dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR160","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abraxane Coated with Rituximab 160nm Nanoparticle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abraxane coated with Rituximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abraxane/Rituxan 160 Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nab-paclitaxel/Rituximab-coated Nanoparticle AR160","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nab-paclitaxel/Rituximab-coated Nanoparticle AR160","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nab-paclitaxel/Rituximab-coated Nanoparticle AR160","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514179"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786023"}]}}{"C71011":{"preferredName":"Nadofaragene Firadenovec","code":"C71011","definitions":[{"description":"A replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus encoding human interferon alpha-2b with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical administration, nadofaragene firadenovec infects nearby tumor cells and expresses INF alpha-2b intracellularly which activates the transcription and translation of genes whose products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, antitumor, and immune-modulating effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nadofaragene Firadenovec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nadofaragene Firadenovec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Adenovirus-Interferon SCH 721015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 721015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rAd-IFN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rAd-IFN-2b","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376219"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1823059-12-6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573538"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573538"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_Adenovirus-Interferon_SCH_721015"}]}}{"C83981":{"preferredName":"Namirotene","code":"C83981","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic analogue of retinoic acid with differentiation inducing and potential antineoplastic activities. Like other retinoic acid agents, namirotene binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NAMIROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Namirotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827271"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"101506-83-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1FG8FGL0YI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H18O2S"}]}}{"C79826":{"preferredName":"Namodenoson","code":"C79826","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, synthetic, highly selective adenosine A3 receptor (A3AR) agonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Namodenoson selectively binds to and activates the cell surface-expressed A3AR, deregulating Wnt and NF-kB signal transduction pathways downstream, which may result in apoptosis of A3AR-expressing tumor cells. A3AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and plays an important role in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Chloro-N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-N-methyluronamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Cl-IB-MECA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A3AdR Agonist CF102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine Receptor A3 Agonist CF102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-Ibza-MU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CF102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAMODENOSON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Namodenoson","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta-D-Ribofuranuronamide, 1-(2-Chloro-6-(((3-iodophenyl)methyl)amino)-9H-purin-9-yl)-1-deoxy-N-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0289969"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"163042-96-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z07JR07J6C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626663"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626663"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Adenosine_A3_Receptor_Agonist_CF102"}]}}{"C72594":{"preferredName":"Nanafrocin","code":"C72594","definitions":[{"description":"A quinone antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces rosa var. notoensis with activity against gram-positive bacteria, mycoplasmas and fungi. Within an organism, nanaomycin A is first reduced by flavin or NADH dehydrogenase then rapidly autooxidized leading to the production of singlet molecular oxygen (O2-). The increase in intracellular O2- results in inhibition of DNA, RNA and cell-wall peptidoglycan synthesis. Further, nanaomycin A may have antineoplastic properties resulting from a reduction in DNA methylation by inhibiting DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B) and reactivating the tumor suppressor gene RASSF1A.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,3R)-3,4,5,10-Tetrahydro-9-hydroxy-1-methyl-5,10-dioxo-1H-naphtho[2,3-c]pyran-3-acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NANAFROCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nanafrocin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanaomycin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OS 3966-A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0068391"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52934-83-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8XBV72641V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H14O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nanafrocin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:48202"}]}}{"C78475":{"preferredName":"Nanatinostat","code":"C78475","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, second-generation hydroxamic acid-based inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Nanatinostat targets and inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes; these events result in the inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may upregulate HSP70 and downregulate anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins more substantially than some first-generation HDAC inhibitors. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor cell types, are a family of metalloenzymes responsible for the deacetylation of chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Pyrimidinecarboxamide, 2-((1Alpha,5alpha,6alpha)-6-(((6-fluoro-2-quinolinyl)methyl)amino)-3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hex-3-yl)-N-hydroxy-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHR 3996","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHR-3996","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor VRx-3996","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor VRx-3996","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NANATINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nanatinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VRx 3996","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VRx-3996","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VRx3996","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10911","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703120"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1235859-13-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YTL7A418KQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600512"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600512"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HDAC_Inhibitor_CHR-3996"}]}}{"C121214":{"preferredName":"Nanocell-encapsulated miR-16-based microRNA Mimic","code":"C121214","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation composed of a microRNA 16 (miR-16) mimic, a double-stranded, 23 base pair, synthetic RNA molecule, encapsulated in nonliving bacterial minicells and coated with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration and subsequent transfection, nanocell-encapsulated miR-16-based microRNA mimic targets EGFR-expressing tumor cells and facilitates the restoration of expression of the miR-16 family. This leads to the downregulation of the expression of tumor promoting genes and the inhibition of tumor cell growth. In addition, restoration of miR-16 expression sensitizes the tumor cell to certain chemotherapeutic agents. miR-16, a family of microRNAs, is critical to the regulation of gene expression and appears to have a tumor suppressor function; its expression is downregulated in various cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nanocell-encapsulated miR-16-based microRNA Mimic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TargomiRs","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4054425"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769608"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769608"}]}}{"C71696":{"preferredName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Docetaxel","code":"C71696","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle albumin-bound formulation of the taxane docetaxel with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel is a semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane derived from a compound found in the European yew tree Taxus baccata. Docetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and displays immunomodulatory and pro-inflammatory properties by inducing various mediators of the inflammatory response. This nanoparticle albumin-bound formulation solubilizes docetaxel without the use of the nonionic solubilizer Cremophor ELP, permitting the administration of larger doses of docetaxel while avoiding Cremophor ELP-associated toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABI-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nab-Docetaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Docetaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Docetaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376119"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"557567"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"557567"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nanoparticle_Albumin-Bound_Docetaxel"}]}}{"C74065":{"preferredName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Rapamycin","code":"C74065","definitions":[{"description":"The macrolide antibiotic rapamycin bound to nanoparticle albumin with immunosuppressant (see sirolimus) and potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Rapamycin binds to the immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate a complex that binds to and inhibits the activation of the mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR), a key regulatory kinase. In turn, inhibition of mTOR may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI-3) kinase/Akt pathway and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) secretion, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. The binding of water-insoluble rapamycin to nanoparticle albumin permits the albumin-mediated endocytosis of rapamycin by tumor cells and endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABI-009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nab-Rapamycin","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Rapamycin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Rapamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383470"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583541"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583541"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nanoparticle_Albumin-Bound_Rapamycin"}]}}{"C116890":{"preferredName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-bound Thiocolchicine Dimer nab-5404","code":"C116890","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle albumin-bound formulation of a thiocolchicine dimer, an inhibitor of both microtubule and topoisomerase I (TOP1), with antineoplastic and vascular disrupting activities. Upon administration of nanoparticle albumin-bound thiocolchicine dimer nab-5404, this agent binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which blocks mitotic spindle formation and leads to cell cycle arrest and tumor endothelial cell apoptosis. This disrupts the tumor vasculature and leads to tumor necrosis. In addition, nab-5404 binds to topoisomerase I (TOPI) and inhibits its activity. This results in the inhibition of the repair of single-strand DNA breaks, DNA replication, and tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cell populations. The nanoparticle albumin-based formulation permits the albumin-mediated endocytosis of the thiocolchicine dimer by tumor cells and endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABI-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDN 5404","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NTB-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-bound Thiocolchicine Dimer nab-5404","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-bound Thiocolchicine Dimer nab-5404","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nab-5404","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nab-Thiocolchicine Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421664"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682217"}]}}{"C146821":{"preferredName":"Nanoparticle Paclitaxel Ointment SOR007","code":"C146821","definitions":[{"description":"A topical ointment composed of the water-insoluble taxane paclitaxel that has been processed to form uncoated nanoparticles, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration of nanoparticle paclitaxel ointment SOR007 to the affected area, and following epithelial and dermal penetration, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, which leads to the inhibition of cell division, thereby halting the proliferation of rapidly-dividing tumor cells. The nanoparticles in the nanoparticle paclitaxel ointment are produced through a specific proprietary submicron particle production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NanoPac Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanopartcle Paclitaxel SOR007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Paclitaxel Ointment SOR007","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Paclitaxel Ointment SOR007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOR007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOR007 Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topical Nanoparticle Paclitaxel Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uncoated Nanoparticle Paclitaxel Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544868"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792258"}]}}{"C118648":{"preferredName":"Nanoparticle-based Paclitaxel Suspension","code":"C118648","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based suspension containing the water-insoluble taxane paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal administration, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, which leads to the inhibition of cell division. The nanoparticle-based formulation is devoid of toxic solvents, such as cremophor; therefore, this agent has fewer side effects than the standard, solvent-based paclitaxel formulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nanoparticle-based Paclitaxel Suspension","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle-based Paclitaxel Suspension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanotax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3898158"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C102875":{"preferredName":"Nanoparticle-encapsulated Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C102875","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of nanoparticles encapsulating the hydrochloride salt form of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, doxorubicin intercalates DNA, interferes with the activity of topoisomerase II, and causes DNA adducts and other DNA damage, resulting in tumor cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. This agent also interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. Delivery of doxorubicin in nanoparticles may improve drug penetration into tumors and may circumvent the tumor cells multidrug resistance mechanisms and may therefore be effective in chemoresistant tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BA-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin Transdrug","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Livatag","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle-encapsulated Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437178"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738259"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738259"}]}}{"C157499":{"preferredName":"Nanoscale Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles CPI-100","code":"C157499","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of self-assembled core-shell nanoscale coordination polymer (NCP) nanoparticles containing an as of yet undisclosed payload with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, NCP nanoparticle formulation CPI-100 delivers its payload to tumor cells, which may lead to enhanced immune-mediated killing and regression of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPI 100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCP Nanoparticles CPI-100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoscale Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles CPI-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nanoscale Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles CPI-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937066"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796802"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796802"}]}}{"C111570":{"preferredName":"Nanosomal Docetaxel Lipid Suspension","code":"C111570","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid-based nanosomal formulation of the poorly soluble, semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane docetaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous injection, docetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, which inhibits microtubule disassembly and results in both cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This liposomal formulation solubilizes docetaxel without the use of toxic solvents, such as polysorbate 80. This permits the administration of larger doses of docetaxel and improves the drug's safety profile by avoiding solvent-associated toxicities, such as hypersensitivity reactions and neurotoxicity. In addition, the nanosomal lipid-based delivery of docetaxel improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, all of which prolong the duration of docetaxel's therapeutic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DTX-LNS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NDLS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanosomal Docetaxel Lipid Suspension","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nanosomal Docetaxel Lipid Suspension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL453978"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752055"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752055"}]}}{"C96429":{"preferredName":"Napabucasin","code":"C96429","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available cancer cell stemness inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Even though the exact target has yet to be fully elucidated, napabucasin appears to target and inhibit multiple pathways involved in cancer cell stemness. This may ultimately inhibit cancer stemness cell (CSC) growth as well as heterogeneous cancer cell growth. CSCs, self-replicating cells that are able to differentiate into heterogeneous cancer cells, appear to be responsible for the malignant growth, recurrence and resistance to conventional chemotherapies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Acetylnaphtho(2,3-b)furan-4,9-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB608","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBI-608","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBI608","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAPABUCASIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Napabucasin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Napabucasin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429115"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83280-65-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z1HHM49K7O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698351"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698351"}]}}{"C102850":{"preferredName":"Naphthalimide Analogue UNBS5162","code":"C102850","definitions":[{"description":"An amonafide (naphthalimide) derivative and pan-antagonist of chemokine ligand (CXCL) expression, with potential anti-angiogenic activity. Although UNBS5162 is a derivative of amonafide, this agent appears to have a different profile to that of amonafide and its exact mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated. This agent seems to decrease the expression of various proangiogenic CXCL chemokines in vitro and may have synergistic effects with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. CXCLs are small cytokines in the CXC chemokine family that are overexpressed in certain cancers; CXCL-mediated signaling plays a key role in angiogenesis and tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Naphthalimide Analogue UNBS5162","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Naphthalimide Analogue UNBS5162","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UNBS5162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2603824"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"956590-23-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737303"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737303"}]}}{"C95789":{"preferredName":"Naptumomab Estafenatox","code":"C95789","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fusion protein consisting of the antigen-binding fragment of a monoclonal antibody directed towards the tumor-associated oncofetal trophoblast glycoprotein antigen 5T4 attached to a mutated form of superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin E (SEA/E-120), with immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The Fab moiety of naptumomab estafenatox binds to 5T4, an antigen expressed by various tumor cells. In turn, the superantigen binds to both major histocompatibility complex class II molecules and to the T-cell receptor beta chain, which results in a massive activation of T lymphocytes and induces a potent T-cell-mediated killing of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABR-217620","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAPTUMOMAB ESTAFENATOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Naptumomab Estafenatox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742795"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"676258-98-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"93T929W6LC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355730"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355730"}]}}{"C115110":{"preferredName":"Naquotinib","code":"C115110","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, irreversible, third-generation, mutant-selective, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ASP8273 covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of mutant forms of EGFR, including the T790M EGFR mutant, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. ASP8273 preferentially inhibits mutated forms of EGFR including T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, and may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated resistance when compared to other EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. As this agent is selective towards mutant forms of EGFR, its toxicity profile may be reduced as compared to non-selective EGFR inhibitors which also inhibit wild-type EGFR.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyrazinecarboxamide, 6-Ethyl-3-((4-(4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-piperidinyl)phenyl)amino)-5-(((3R)-1-(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)-3-pyrrolidinyl)oxy)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP8273","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAQUOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Naquotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472641"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1448232-80-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"47DD4548PB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760029"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760029"}]}}{"C91382":{"preferredName":"Narnatumab","code":"C91382","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody against RON (recepteur d'origine nantais; macrophage stimulating 1 receptor), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-RON monoclonal antibody IMC-RON8 binds to RON, thereby preventing binding of its ligand hepatocyte growth factor-like protein (HGFL or macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP)). This may prevent RON receptor-mediated signaling and may prevent cellular proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing RON. RON, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed in a variety of epithelial cancer cell types and plays an important role in cellular proliferation, migration and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-RON Monoclonal Antibody IMC-RON8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-RON8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NARNATUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Narnatumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Narnatumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421584"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1188275-92-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R42YK40U9M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673714"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673714"}]}}{"C77862":{"preferredName":"Natalizumab","code":"C77862","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized recombinant IgG4 monoclonal antibody directed against the alpha4 subunit of the integrins alpha4beta1and alpha4beta7 with immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, and potential antineoplastic activities. Natalizumab binds to the alpha4-subunit of alpha4beta1 and alpha4beta7 integrins expressed on the surface of all leukocytes except neutrophils, inhibiting the alpha4-mediated adhesion of leukocytes to counter-receptor(s) such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1); natalizumab-mediated disruption of VCAM-1 binding by these integrins may prevent the transmigration of leukocytes across the endothelium into inflamed parenchymal tissue. Integrins are cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs) that are upregulated in various types of cancer and some autoimmune diseases; alpha4beta1 integrin (VLA4) has been implicated in the survival of myeloma cells, possibly by mediating their adhesion to stromal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AN100226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antegren","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-VLA4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-alph4 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody AN100226","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NATALIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Natalizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Natalizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tysabri","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1172734"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"189261-10-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3JB47N2Q2P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596513"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596513"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Natalizumab"}]}}{"C71159":{"preferredName":"Natural IFN-alpha OPC-18","code":"C71159","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary preparation of natural human interferon alpha (IFN alpha) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Natural human interferon alpha OPC-18 binds to cell-surface IFN alpha receptors (IFNARs), resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, and immune-modulating effects. IFN alpha is a type I interferon produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells when exposed to live or inactivated virus, double-stranded RNA, or bacterial products and is the primary interferon produced by virus-induced leukocyte cultures. In addition to its pronounced antiviral activity, it activates NK cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Natural IFN-alpha OPC-18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OPC-18","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nIFN-alpha OPC-18","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376209"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"571792"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"571792"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Natural_IFN-alpha_OPC-18"}]}}{"C85466":{"preferredName":"Natural Killer Cells ZRx101","code":"C85466","definitions":[{"description":"A population of activated, immortalized, interleukin-2 (IL-2)-dependent, cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells with potential antitumor activity. Natural killer cells ZRx101 are derived from NK-92 cells, having been modified to target tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) upregulated in certain types of cancer. The NK-92 cell line was originally isolated from a patient with large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia/lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NK Cells ZRx101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Natural Killer Cells ZRx101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Natural Killer Cells ZRx101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412341"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643814"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643814"}]}}{"C156730":{"preferredName":"Navarixin","code":"C156730","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule antagonist of the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1; interleukin-8 receptor alpha; IL8RA) and 2 (CXCR2; interleukin-8 receptor beta; IL8RB), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, navarixin binds to and inhibits the activation of CXCR 1 and 2. This inhibits CXCR1/2-mediated signaling, reduces both recruitment and migration of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment (TME), inhibits inflammatory processes and abrogates the immunosuppressive nature of the TME. This allows effector cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), to kill and eliminate cancer cells. This inhibits tumor cell migration, metastasis, angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. CXCR 1 and 2, G protein-coupled receptor proteins located on myeloid cells and certain tumor cells, play key roles in the immunosuppressive nature of the TME, tumor metastasis, therapy-resistance, myeloid cell suppression, and inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Hydroxy-N,N-dimethyl-3-((2-((1R)-1-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)propyl)amine)-3,4- dioxocyclobut-1-enyl)amino)benzamide Monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-7123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAVARIXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Navarixin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Navarixin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PS291822","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 527123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935858"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"862464-58-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7V3BY6G538"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795588"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795588"}]}}{"C64776":{"preferredName":"Navitoclax","code":"C64776","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of lymphomas and other types of cancer. It blocks some of the enzymes that keep cancer cells from dying. It is a type of Bcl-2 family inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active, synthetic small molecule and an antagonist of a subset of the B-cell leukemia 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Navitoclax selectively binds to apoptosis suppressor proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Bcl-w, which are frequently overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers, including those of the lymph, breast, lung, prostate, and colon, and are linked to tumor drug resistance. Inhibition of these apoptosis suppressors prevents their binding to the apoptotic effectors Bax and Bak proteins, thereby triggering apoptotic processes in cells overexpressing Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Bcl-w. This eventually reduces tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A-855071.0","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-263","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ABT-263","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BcI-2 Family Protein Inhibitor ABT-263","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAVITOCLAX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Navitoclax","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Navitoclax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"navitoclax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2975395"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"923564-51-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XKJ5VVK2WD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"523413"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"523413"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C47H55ClF3N5O6S3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ABT-263"}]}}{"C113793":{"preferredName":"Navoximod","code":"C113793","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, navoximod targets and binds to IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the essential amino acid tryptophan into kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, this agent increases tryptophan levels, restores the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymphocytes, and causes a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the IDO1-expressing tumor cells. IDO1 is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types and plays an important role in immunosuppression. Tryptophan depletion is associated with immunosuppression caused by T-cell suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5H-Imidazo(5,1-a)isoindole-5-ethanol, 6-Fluoro-alpha-(trans-4-hydroxycyclohexyl)-, (AlphaR,5S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0919","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAVOXIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"NLG-919","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NLG919","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Navoximod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Navoximod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6078","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7077339-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471774"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1402837-78-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"926SHL95NC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757383"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757383"}]}}{"C111687":{"preferredName":"Navy Bean Powder","code":"C111687","definitions":[{"description":"The powder form of the cooked navy bean with potential antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Navy beans are rich in fiber, minerals, vitamins, and phytochemicals such as flavonoids and phytosterols. They appear to prevent carcinogenesis by inducing tumor cell apoptosis. Intake of navy bean powder may have a beneficial effect on intestinal microflora.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Navy Bean Powder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454077"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752815"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752815"}]}}{"C123428":{"preferredName":"Naxitamab","code":"C123428","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human tumor-associated antigen GD2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, naxitamab stimulates antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against GD2-expressing tumor cells. GD2, a disialoganglioside with expression in normal tissues restricted primarily to the cerebellum and peripheral nerves, is commonly expressed at high levels on tumors of neuroectodermal origins such as melanomas and neuroblastomas. Compared to the murine monoclonal antibody 3F8 (m3F8), the humanized form does not cause a human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA) response and shows enhanced ADCC activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Gd2 IGG3 Monoclonal Antibody 3f8 Humanized","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu3F8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Anti-GD2 Antibody 3F8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Hu3f8-IGG1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAXITAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Naxitamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Naxitamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4054758"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1879925-92-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9K8GNJ2874"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C115109":{"preferredName":"Nazartinib","code":"C115109","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, irreversible, third-generation, mutant-selective epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, nazartinib covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of mutant forms of EGFR, including the T790M EGFR mutant, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. EGF816 preferentially inhibits mutated forms of EGFR including T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, and may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated resistance when compared to other EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. As this agent is selective towards mutant forms of EGFR, its toxicity profile may be reduced as compared to non-selective EGFR inhibitors which also inhibit wild-type EGFR.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EGF 816","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGF816","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAZARTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nazartinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472640"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1508250-71-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KE7K32EME8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760001"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760001"}]}}{"C88281":{"preferredName":"Necitumumab","code":"C88281","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Necitumumab binds to and blocks the ligand binding site of EGFR, thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor. This may lead to an inhibition of EGFR-dependent downstream pathways and so inhibition of EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor family of extracellular protein ligands, may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibody IMC-11F8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-11F8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (Receptor Tyrosine-Protein Kinase ErbB-1, EC 2.7.10.1)); Human Monoclonal IMC-11F8 Gamma1 Heavy Chain (224-214')-Disulfide with Human Monoclonal IMC-11F8 Kappa Light Chain, Dimer (230- 230'':233-233'')-Bisdisulfide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NECITUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Necitumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Necitumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Portrazza","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2352806"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"906805-06-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2BT4C47RUI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656651"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656651"}]}}{"C61099":{"preferredName":"Nedaplatin","code":"C61099","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation cisplatin analogue with antineoplastic activity. Containing a novel ring structure in which glycolate is bound to the platinum by a bidentate ligand, nedaplatin forms reactive platinum complexes that bind to nucelophillic groups in DNA, resulting in intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, apoptosis and cell death. This agent appears to be less nephrotoxic and neurotoxic compared to both cisplatin and carboplatin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(Glycolato-O,O')diammineplatinum(II)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"254-S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDGP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NDP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEDAPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nedaplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-Diammine(glucolato)platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0093999"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"95734-82-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8UQ3W6JXAN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468844"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468844"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C2H2O3.Pt.2H3N"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nedaplatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31898"}]}}{"C120036":{"preferredName":"Nedisertib","code":"C120036","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) with potential antineoplastic activity, and potential sensitizing and enhancing activities for both chemo- and radiotherapies. Upon administration, nedisertib binds to and inhibits the activity of DNA-PK, thereby interfering with the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) process and preventing repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) caused by ionizing radiation or chemotherapeutic treatment. This increases chemo- and radiotherapy cytotoxicity and leads to enhanced tumor cell death. The enhanced ability of tumor cells to repair DSBs plays a major role in the resistance of tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy; DNA-PK plays a key role in the NHEJ pathway and DSB repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(7-morpholin-4-ylquinazolin-4-yl)phenyl]-(6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl)methanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Pyridazinemethanol, alpha-(2-Chloro-4-fluoro-5-(7-(4-morpholinyl)-4-quinazolinyl)phenyl)-6-methoxy-, (alphaS)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 3814","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M-3814","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M3814","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC 2490484A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC-2490484A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC2490484A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEDISERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nedisertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nedisertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896805"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1637542-33-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GN429E725A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767372"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767372"}]}}{"C1704":{"preferredName":"Nelarabine","code":"C1704","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL). It belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An arabinonucleoside antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. Nelarabine is demethoxylated by adenosine deaminase to become biologically active 9-beta-D-arabinosylguanine (ara-G); ara-G incorporates into DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis and inducing an S phase-dependent apoptosis of tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Amino, 6-Methoxypurine Arabinoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Amino-6-methoxypurine arabinoside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2-Amino-9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-6-methoxy-9H-purine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"506U78","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"506U78","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arranon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Arranon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compound 506U78","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW506U78","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NELARABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nelarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nelarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nelarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"686673"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0907349"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"121032-29-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; T-cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"60158CV180"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43260"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43260"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H15N5O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nelarabine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63612"}]}}{"C117985":{"preferredName":"Nelipepimut-S","code":"C117985","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A2/A3 restricted HER2/neu (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; ErbB2) nonapeptide derived from the extracellular domain of the HER2 protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal injection, nelipepimut-S may induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HER2/neu-expressing tumor cells. HER2/neu, a tumor-associated antigen and a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family of tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in various tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumorigenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E75 Peptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Receptor Tyrosine-Protein Kinase erbB-2 (Proto-Oncogene Neu, Tyrosine Kinase- type Cell Surface Receptor HER2, CD340)-(347-355)-Peptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Leucine, L-lysyl-L-isoleucyl-L-phenylalanylglycyl-L-seryl-L-leucyl-L-alanyl-L- phenylalanyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NELIPEPIMUT-S","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nelipepimut S","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nelipepimut-S","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NeuVax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3898150"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"160212-35-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7M0A29CD8B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C99228":{"preferredName":"Nelipepimut-S Plus GM-CSF Vaccine","code":"C99228","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer peptide vaccine comprised of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A2/A3 restricted HER2/neu (ERBB2) peptide from the extracellular domain of the HER2 protein (E75 peptide) and combined with the immunoadjuvant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal injection, nelipepimut-S plus GM-CSF vaccine may induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HER2/neu-expressing tumor cell types. HER2/neu, a tumor-associated antigen and a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family of tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in various tumor cell types. GM-CSF potentiates the antitumor immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E75 Plus GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E75 Vaccine Plus GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA A2/A3-Restricted HER-2/neu Peptide Vaccine Plus GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nelipepimut-S Plus GM-CSF Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nelipepimut-S Plus GM-CSF Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nelipepimut-S Plus Sargramostim","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NeuVax Plus GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433057"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"719080"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"719080"}]}}{"C83999":{"preferredName":"Nemorubicin","code":"C83999","definitions":[{"description":"A morpholinyl analogue of the anthracycline doxorubicin with antineoplastic activity. Nemorubicin is metabolized via the P450 CYP3A enzyme to a highly cytotoxic derivative. Unlike most anthracyclines, nemorubicin is a topoisomerase I inhibitor and appears to exert its effect through the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system. In addition, this agent does not show cross-resistance with other anthracyclines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NEMORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nemorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827283"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"108852-90-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7618O47BQM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H37NO13"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:42053"}]}}{"C84000":{"preferredName":"Nemorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C84000","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of nemorubicin, a morpholinyl analogue of the anthracycline doxorubicin with antineoplastic activity. Nemorubicin is metabolized via the P450 CYP3A enzyme to a highly cytotoxic derivative. Unlike most anthracyclines, nemorubicin is a topoisomerase I inhibitor and appears to exert its effect through the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system. In addition, this agent does not show cross-resistance with other anthracyclines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 7,8,9,10-Tetrahydro-6,8,11-Trihydroxy-8-(Hydroxyacetyl)-1-Methoxy-10-((2,3,6-Trideoxy-3-((2S)-2-Methoxy-4-Morpholinyl)-Alpha-L-Lyxo-Hexopyranosyl)Oxy)-, Hydrochloride, (8S,10S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEMORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nemorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827284"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"108943-08-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2Q6F8JYX76"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H37NO13.HCl"}]}}{"C162874":{"preferredName":"Neoantigen Vaccine GEN-009","code":"C162874","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific mutated synthetic long peptides (SLPs), which are immunogenic and unique to the patient's tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous vaccination with the personalized neoantigen peptide vaccine GEN-009, and administration along with the immunoadjuvant poly-ICLC, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis. The Antigen Lead Acquisition System (ATLAS) will be used to identify neoantigens in each patient's tumor that are recognized by their CD4 and/or CD8 T-cells and will be incorporated into GEN-009 in the form of SLPs. Each personalized vaccine contains between four and twenty SLPs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GEN 009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN-009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN-009 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen Vaccine GEN-009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Cancer Vaccine GEN-009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798938"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798938"}]}}{"C135018":{"preferredName":"Neoantigen-HSP70 Peptide Cancer Vaccine AGEN2017","code":"C135018","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, personalized autologous synthetic cancer vaccine composed of patient-specific synthetic cancer neo-epitopes complexed with heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70; HSP70), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the neoantigen-HSP70 peptide cancer vaccine AGEN2017, the HSPs present the neoantigens to antigen presenting cells (APCs) and help elicit a potent neoantigen-specific T-cell-based anti-tumor immune response, thereby killing the neoantigen-expressing cancer cells. HSP70 is able to the transport the neo-epitopes, activate APCs and enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGEN 2017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN-2017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN2017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASV","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASV AGEN2017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AutoSynVax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AutoSynVax AGEN2017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AutoSynVax Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Cancer Vaccine AGEN2017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen Vaccine AGEN2017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-HSP70 Peptide Cancer Vaccine AGEN2017","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-HSP70 Peptide Cancer Vaccine AGEN2017","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523816"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788954"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788954"}]}}{"C118960":{"preferredName":"Neoantigen-based Glioblastoma Vaccine","code":"C118960","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based, personalized glioblastoma cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific glioblastoma derived immunogenic mutated epitopes (neoantigens), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the neoantigen-based glioblastoma vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis. Neoantigens are tumor-specific antigens derived from mutated proteins that are present only in a specific tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NeoVax (TM) Glioblastoma Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Glioblastoma Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Glioblastoma Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Neoantigen Glioblastoma Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3898149"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766449"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766449"}]}}{"C112003":{"preferredName":"Neoantigen-based Melanoma-Poly-ICLC Vaccine","code":"C112003","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based melanoma cancer vaccine consisting of neoantigens and peptides derived from patient-specific melanoma immunogenic epitopes, combined with the immunostimulant poly-ICLC with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the neoantigen-based melanoma vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis. The adjuvant poly-ICLC, composed of double-stranded RNA molecules of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stabilized with poly L-lysine in carboxymethylcellulose, is a ligand for toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) and induces the release of cytokines which may help to boost the immune response against the selected neoantigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NeoVax Melanoma Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Melanoma-Poly-ICLC Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454292"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754239"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754239"}]}}{"C158694":{"preferredName":"Neoantigen-based Renal Cell Carcinoma-Poly-ICLC Vaccine","code":"C158694","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based renal cell carcinoma (RCC) vaccine consisting of neoantigens and peptides derived from immunogenic epitopes identified through DNA and RNA sequencing of a patient's tumor cells, combined with the immunostimulant poly-ICLC with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the neoantigen-based RCC vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, leading to tumor cell lysis. The adjuvant poly-ICLC, composed of double-stranded RNA molecules of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stabilized with poly L-lysine in carboxymethylcellulose, is a ligand for toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) and induces the release of cytokines which may help to boost the immune response against the selected neoantigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NeoVax RCC Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NeoVax Renal Cell Carcinoma Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Renal Cell Carcinoma-Poly-ICLC Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Renal Cell Carcinoma-Poly-ICLC Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797484"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797484"}]}}{"C165514":{"preferredName":"Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-C903","code":"C165514","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer priming vaccine consisting of tumor-specific shared neoantigens, which are immunogenic and unique across a subset of patients, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of neoantigen-based therapeutic cancer vaccine GRT-C903, followed by the boosting vaccine GRT-R904, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the shared neoantigens expressed on tumor cells, which results in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GRT C903","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRT-C903","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRTC903","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-C903","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-C903","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Priming Cancer Vaccine GRT-C903","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Priming Vaccine GRT-C903","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shared Neoantigen Cancer Vaccine Prime GRT-C903","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shared Neoantigen Priming Cancer Vaccine GRT-C903","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C165515":{"preferredName":"Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-R904","code":"C165515","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer boosting vaccine consisting of tumor-specific shared neoantigens, which are immunogenic and unique across a subset of patients, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the neoantigen-based therapeutic cancer vaccine GRT-R904, which is administered after the initial administration of the priming vaccine GRT-C903, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the shared neoantigens expressed on tumor cells, which results in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Boosting Cancer Vaccine GRT-R904","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Boosting Vaccine GRT-R904","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRT R904","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRT-R904","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRTR904","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-R904","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-R904","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shared Neoantigen Boosting Cancer Vaccine GRT-R904","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shared Neoantigen Cancer Vaccine Boost GRT-R904","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C49094":{"preferredName":"Neratinib","code":"C49094","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, 6,7-disubstituted-4-anilinoquinoline-3-carbonitrile irreversible inhibitor of the HER-2 receptor tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Neratinib binds to the HER-2 receptor irreversibly, thereby reducing autophosphorylation in cells, apparently by targeting a cysteine residue in the ATP-binding pocket of the receptor. Treatment of cells with this agent results in inhibition of downstream signal transduction events and cell cycle regulatory pathways; arrest at the G1-S (Gap 1/DNA synthesis)-phase transition of the cell division cycle; and ultimately decreased cellular proliferation. Neratinib also inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase and the proliferation of EGFR-dependent cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-N-(4-((3-chloro-4-((pyridin-2-yl)methoxy)phenyl)amino)-3-cyano-7-ethoxyquinolin-6-yl)-4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Butenamide, N-(4-((3-chloro-4-(2-pyridinylmethoxy)phenyl)amino)-3-cyano-7-ethoxy-6-quinolinyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-, (2E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HKI 272","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HKI-272","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NERATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Neratinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neratinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PB 272","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PB-272","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704439"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"698387-09-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"early stage HER2-overexpressed/amplified breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JJH94R3PWB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453548"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453548"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H29ClN6O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"KI-272"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:61397"}]}}{"C136891":{"preferredName":"Neratinib Maleate","code":"C136891","definitions":[{"description":"The maleate salt form of neratinib, an orally available, quinazoline-based, irreversible inhibitor of both the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, neratinib targets and covalently binds to the cysteine residue in the ATP-binding pockets of both HER2 and EGFR. This inhibits their activity and results in the inhibition of downstream signal transduction events, induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and ultimately decreases cellular proliferation in HER2- and EGFR-expressing tumor cells. EGFR and HER2, RTKs that are mutated or overactivated in many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Butenamide, N-(4-((3-chloro-4-(2-pyridinylmethoxy)phenyl)amino)-3-cyano-7-ethoxy-6-quinolinyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-, (2E)-, (2Z)-2-butenedioate (1:1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HKI-272 Maleate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NERATINIB MALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Neratinib Maleate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neratinib Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nerlynx","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524716"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915942-22-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"early stage HER2-overexpressed/amplified breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9RM7XY23ZS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C95712":{"preferredName":"Nesvacumab","code":"C95712","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against angiopoietin 2 (ANG2) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Nesvacumab binds to ANG2 and interferes with the interaction between Ang2 and its receptor TEK tyrosine kinase (Tie2), which may inhibit tumor cell angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. ANG2 is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays a crucial role in angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ANG2 MOAB REGN910","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NESVACUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nesvacumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN910","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR307746","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428177"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1296818-77-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WX8293WGLC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693224"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693224"}]}}{"C2327":{"preferredName":"Niacinamide","code":"C2327","definitions":[{"description":"A nutrient in the vitamin B complex that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Niacinamide helps some enzymes make energy in the cell. It is found in many plant and animal products. It is water-soluble (can dissolve in water) and must be taken in daily. It is being studied to increase the effect of radiation therapy on tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The active form of vitamin B3 and a component of the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). Niacinamide acts as a chemo- and radio-sensitizing agent by enhancing tumor blood flow, thereby reducing tumor hypoxia. This agent also inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, enzymes involved in the rejoining of DNA strand breaks induced by radiation or chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Pyridinecarboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIACINAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Niacinamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Niacinamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Niacinamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Niacinamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicamid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicosedine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicotinamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicotinamidum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicotinic Acid Amide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicotinic acid amide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Nicotylamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pellagra-Preventing Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin PP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vitamin PP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"niacinamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"nicotinamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"27452"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"13128"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028027"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"98-92-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Pellegra, treatment and prophylaxis; Various dermatologic conditions"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"25X51I8RD4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42044"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42044"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H6N2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Niacinamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17154"}]}}{"C66240":{"preferredName":"Niclosamide","code":"C66240","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable chlorinated salicylanilide, with anthelmintic and potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, niclosamide specifically induces degradation of the androgen receptor (AR) variant V7 (AR-V7) through the proteasome-mediated pathway. This downregulates the expression of the AR variant, inhibits AR-V7-mediated transcriptional activity, and reduces AR-V7 recruitment to the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) gene promoter. Niclosamide also prevents AR-V7-mediated STAT3 phosphorylation and activation. This inhibits AR/STAT3-mediated signaling and prevents expression of STAT3 target genes. Altogether, this may inhibit growth of AR-V7-overexpressing cancer cells. The AR-V7 variant, which is encoded by contiguous splicing of AR exons 1/2/3/CE3, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, and is associated with both cancer progression and resistance to AR-targeted therapies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzamide, 5-Chloro-N-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-2-hydroxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NICLOSAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Niclosamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Niclosamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salicylanilide, 2',5-Dichloro-4'-nitro-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699963"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-65-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8KK8CQ2K8G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775866"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775866"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H8Cl2N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Niclosamide"}]}}{"C158078":{"preferredName":"Nicotinamide Riboside","code":"C158078","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available form of vitamin B3 and precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) with potential use in the treatment of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Upon oral administration, nicotinamide riboside (NR) is converted to nicotinamide mononucleotide by the NR kinases, nicotinamide riboside kinase 1 (NRK 1) and nicotinamide riboside kinase 2 (NRK 2), to which a second adenine is transferred by nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferase to generate NAD+. NAD+, an essential redox coenzyme, may offer protective effects against axonal injury from both mechanical and neurotoxic injury, and maintenance of NAD+ may be protective in mitochondrial disease. NR may help elevate and maintain NAD+ levels, which may ameliorate potential mechanisms implicated in the development of CIPN including mitochondrial dysfunction and peripheral nerve degeneration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Niagen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicotinamide Riboside","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nicotinamide Riboside","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937699"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797351"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797351"}]}}{"C153375":{"preferredName":"Nidanilimab","code":"C153375","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAN 04","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAN-04","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAN04","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nidanilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554531"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793891"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793891"}]}}{"C71734":{"preferredName":"Nifurtimox","code":"C71734","definitions":[{"description":"A nitrofuran derivative with antiprotozoal and potential antineoplastic activities. Nifurtimox is reduced by cytosol enzymes or flavin-containing microsomal enzymes to a highly reactive nitro anion free radical; autooxidation of the nitro anion free radical generates cytotoxic superoxide anion (02-). In addition, nifurtimox-derived nitro anion free radicals may alkylate macromolecules such as nucleic acids and proteins, resulting in the disruption of their structure and function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-((5-Nitrofurfurylidene)amino)-3-methylthiomorpholine-1,1-dioxide","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 2502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAYER 2502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lampit","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIFURTIMOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nifurtimox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028073"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"23256-30-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M84I3K7C2O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558911"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558911"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H13N3O5S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nifurtimox"}]}}{"C48375":{"preferredName":"Nilotinib","code":"C48375","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). It is used in patients who have not gotten better after treatment with other anticancer drugs or who are not able to take imatinib mesylate. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Nilotinib blocks a protein called BCR/ABL which is made in CML cells that contain the Philadelphia chromosome (an abnormal chromosome 22 that has part of chromosome 9 attached). It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable aminopyrimidine-derivative Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome imatinib resistance, nilotinib binds to and stabilizes the inactive conformation of the kinase domain of the Abl protein of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, resulting in the inhibition of the Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. This agent also inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R) and c-kit, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated and constitutively activated in most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). With a binding mode that is energetically more favorable than that of imatinib, nilotinib has been shown to have an approximately 20-fold increased potency in kinase and proliferation assays compared to imatinib.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Methyl-3-((4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-N-(5-(4-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMN 107 Base Form","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NILOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nilotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nilotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nilotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1721377"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"641571-10-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic myeloid leukemia; Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F41401512X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"435988"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"435988"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H22F3N7O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AMN107"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:52172"}]}}{"C95223":{"preferredName":"Nilotinib Hydrochloride Anhydrous","code":"C95223","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of nilotinib, an orally bioavailable aminopyrimidine-derivative Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome imatinib resistance, nilotinib binds to and stabilizes the inactive conformation of the kinase domain of the Abl protein of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, resulting in the inhibition of the Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. This agent also inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R) and c-kit, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated and constitutively activated in most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). With a binding mode that is energetically more favorable than that of imatinib, nilotinib has been shown to have an approximately 20-fold increased potency in kinase and proliferation assays compared to imatinib.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NILOTINIB HYDROCHLORIDE ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nilotinib Hydrochloride Anhydrous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987005"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"923288-95-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K37N7BYX3X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H22F3N7O.HCl"}]}}{"C95229":{"preferredName":"Nilotinib Hydrochloride Monohydrate","code":"C95229","definitions":[{"description":"The monohydrate monohydrochloride form of nilotinib, an orally bioavailable aminopyrimidine-derivative Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome imatinib resistance resulting from Bcr-Abl kinase mutations, upon administration, nilotinib binds to and stabilizes the inactive conformation of the kinase domain of the Abl portion of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, resulting in the inhibition of the constitutive kinase activity of Bcr-Abl protein. This inhibits the Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. Nilotinib also inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R; PDGFR), mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit (c-Kit), and, to a lesser extent, colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R; CSF1R), and discoidin domain-containing receptor 1 (DDR1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-methyl-N-[3-(4-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[[4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]-benzamide, Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMN107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NILOTINIB HYDROCHLORIDE MONOHYDRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nilotinib Hydrochloride Monohydrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nilotinib Hydrochloride Monohydrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nilotinib Monohydrochloride Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tasigna","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Tasigna","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1966375"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"923288-90-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic myeloid leukemia; Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5JHU0N1R6K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H22F3N7O.HCl.H2O"}]}}{"C1173":{"preferredName":"Nilutamide","code":"C1173","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that blocks the effects of male hormones in the body. It is a type of antiandrogen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, nonsteroidal agent with antiandrogenic properties. Nilutamide preferentially binds to androgen receptors and blocks androgen receptor activation by testosterone and other androgens; this agent may inhibit androgen-dependent growth of normal and neoplastic prostate cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(3'-Trifluoromethyl-4'-nitrophenyl)-4,4-dimethylimidazoline-3,5-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,5-Dimethyl-3-[4-nitro-3-(trifluoro-methyl)phenyl]-2,4-imidazolidinedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anandron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NILUTAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nilandron","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nilutamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nilutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RU-23908","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nilutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"684588"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0722107"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"63612-50-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"51G6I8B902"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40450"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40450"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H10F3N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nilutamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7573"}]}}{"C157231":{"preferredName":"Nimesulide-Hyaluronic Acid Conjugate CA102N","code":"C157231","definitions":[{"description":"A covalently bound conjugate composed of the biological polymer sodium hyaluronate (NaHA) and the hydrophobic, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor and cytotoxic agent nimesulide (Nim), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of Nim-HA conjugate CA102N, the HA moiety targets and binds to CD44. Following endocytosis of CA102N and enzymatic degradation within the lysosomal compartment, Nim is released inside CD44-expressing tumor cells, causing Nim-mediated induction of cell cycle arrest tumor cell apoptosis and decreases tumor cell growth. In addition, Nim inhibits various tumor cell signaling pathways thereby further inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. CD44, a transmembrane glycoprotein and HA receptor expressed in healthy tissue, plays a key role in cellular growth, survival, differentiation and motility. Overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, CD44 plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, migration and survival. Conjugation of HA to Nim allows for increased solubility of Nim and for targeted delivery of Nim to CD44-expressing tumor cells, thereby increasing efficacy and safety of Nim.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CA 102N","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA-102N","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA102N","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HA-Nim Conjugate CA102N","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HA-Nimesulide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hyaluronic Acid Nimesulide-NH2 Bioconjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nim-HA Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nimesulide-Hyaluronic Acid Conjugate CA102N","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nimesulide-Hyaluronic Acid Conjugate CA102N","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936840"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799428"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799428"}]}}{"C692":{"preferredName":"Nimodipine","code":"C692","definitions":[{"description":"Belongs to a family of drugs called calcium channel blockers. It is being investigated for use with anticancer drugs to prevent or overcome drug resistance and improve response to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A dihydropyridine derivative and an analogue of the calcium channel blocker nifedipine, with antihypertensive activity. Nimodipine inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium ions in response to depolarization in smooth muscle cells, thereby inhibiting vascular smooth muscle contraction and inducing vasodilatation. Nimodipine has a greater effect on cerebral arteries than on peripheral smooth muscle cells and myocardial cells, probably because this agent can cross the blood brain barrier due to its lipophilic nature. Furthermore, this agent also inhibits the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein, which is overexpressed in some multi-drug resistant tumors, and may improve the efficacy of some antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NIMO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIMODIPINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nimodipine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Nimodipine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nimotop","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nimodipine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0678207"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"66085-59-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"57WA9QZ5WH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41210"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41210"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H26N2O7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nimodipine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7575"}]}}{"C2733":{"preferredName":"Nimotuzumab","code":"C2733","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Nimotuzumab binds the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and blocks cancer cells that depend on epidermal growth factor for growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Nimotuzumab binds to and inhibits EGFR, resulting in growth inhibition of tumor cells that overexpress EGFR. This agent may act synergistically with radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H-R3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIMOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nimotuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nimotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thera-CIM-hr3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TheraCim hR3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theraloc","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Theraloc","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hR3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nimotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1570482"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"828933-51-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Glioma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6NS400BXKH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"507582"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"507582"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"TheraCim_hR3"}]}}{"C693":{"preferredName":"Nimustine","code":"C693","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of brain cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called nitrosoureas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Nimustine alkylates and crosslinks DNA, thereby causing DNA fragmentation, inhibition of protein synthesis, and cell death. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-((4-Amino-2-Methyl-5-Pyrimidinyl)Methyl)-1-(2-Chloroethyl)-1-Nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ACNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N'-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nidran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nimustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nimustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"245382"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028096"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"42471-28-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0S726V972K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38853"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38853"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H13ClN6O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nimustine"}]}}{"C95325":{"preferredName":"Nimustine Hydrochloride","code":"C95325","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of nimustine, a nitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Nimustine alkylates and crosslinks DNA, thereby causing DNA fragmentation, inhibition of protein synthesis, and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-((4-Amino-2-Methyl-5-Pyrimidinyl)Methyl)-1-(2-Chloroethyl)-1-Nitrosourea Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACNU HCl","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS 439 HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N'-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIMUSTINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nidran HCl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nimustine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nimustine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"245382"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771987"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"42471-28-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DFR965WKBU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H13ClN6O2.ClH"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7576"}]}}{"C148529":{"preferredName":"Ningetinib Tosylate","code":"C148529","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate salt form of ningetinib, an orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases c-MET/hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2 KDR), Axl (UFO), Mer, and Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ningetinib binds to a variety of kinases, including c-Met, VEGFR2, Axl, Mer and Flt3, thereby inhibiting their signaling pathways. This inhibits growth, angiogenesis and metastasis of tumor cells that overexpress these kinases. c-Met, VEGFR2, Axl, Mer and Flt3 are overexpressed by many tumor cell types and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CT-053 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-053-PTSA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-053PTSA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ningetinib Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551136"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792698"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792698"}]}}{"C62765":{"preferredName":"Nintedanib","code":"C62765","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. BIBF 1120 blocks enzymes needed for cells to grow, and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable, indolinone-derived, receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor BIBF 1120 selectively binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) tyrosine kinases, which may result in the induction of endothelial cell apoptosis; a reduction in tumor vasculature; and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and migration. In addition, this agent also inhibits members of the Src family of tyrosine kinases, including Src, Lck, Lyn, and FLT-3 (fms-like tyrosine kinase 3). VEGFR, FGFR and PDGFR RTKs play key roles in tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIBF 1120","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BIBF 1120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIBF-1120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intedanib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl (3Z)-3-(((4-(N-methyl-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetamido)phenyl)amino)(phenyl)methylidene)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-6-carboxylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BIBF 1120","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NINTEDANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nintedanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nintedanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vargatef","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tyrosine kinase inhibitor BIBF 1120","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2930789"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"656247-17-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G6HRD2P839"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504524"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504524"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H33N5O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BIBF_1120"}]}}{"C80059":{"preferredName":"Niraparib","code":"C80059","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) types 1 and 2 (PARP-1 and -2), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, niraparib binds to and inhibits the activity of PARP-1 and -2, thereby inhibiting PARP-1 and -2-mediated DNA repair, enhancing the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promoting genomic instability and resulting in apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins and is activated by single-strand DNA (ssDNA) breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MK-4827","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK4827","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIRAPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Niraparib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Niraparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2744440"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1038915-60-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HMC2H89N35"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615263"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615263"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PARP_Inhibitor_MK4827"}]}}{"C133238":{"preferredName":"Niraparib Tosylate Monohydrate","code":"C133238","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, hydrated, tosylate salt form of niraparib, an inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) types 1 and 2 (PARP-1 and -2), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, niraparib binds to and inhibits the activity of PARP-1 and -2, thereby inhibiting PARP-1 and -2-mediated DNA repair, enhancing the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promoting genomic instability and resulting in apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins and is activated by single-strand DNA (ssDNA) breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-Indazole-7-carboxamide, 2-(4-(3S)-3-piperidinylphenyl)-, 4-Methylbenzenesulfonate, Hydrate (1:1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIRAPARIB TOSYLATE MONOHYDRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Niraparib Tosylate Monohydrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zejula","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520459"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1613220-15-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"maintenance treatment of adult patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"195Q483UZD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615263"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615263"}]}}{"C82383":{"preferredName":"Nirogacestat","code":"C82383","definitions":[{"description":"A selective gamma secretase (GS) inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. Nirogacestat binds to GS, blocking proteolytic activation of Notch receptors; Notch signaling pathway inhibition may follow, which may result in the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress Notch. The integral membrane protein GS is a multi-subunit protease complex that cleaves single-pass transmembrane proteins, such as Notch receptors, at residues within their transmembrane domains. Overexpression of the Notch signaling pathway has been correlated with increased tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-2-(((S)-6,8-Difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)amino)-N-(1-(2-methyl-1-(neopentylamino)propan-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)pentanamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIROGACESTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nirogacestat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nirogacestat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-03084014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830067"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1290543-63-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QZ62892OFJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641472"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641472"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Gamma_Secretase_Inhibitor_PF-03084014"}]}}{"C61499":{"preferredName":"Nitric Oxide-Releasing Acetylsalicylic Acid Derivative","code":"C61499","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the prevention of colorectal cancer. It is a form of aspirin that gives off nitric oxide gas and is less irritating to the lining of the stomach than plain aspirin. It is a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nitric oxide (NO) donating derivative of acetylsalicylic acid with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antithrombotic, gastroprotective and potential antitumor activities. The acetylsalicylic acid derivative moiety of this agent inhibits the activities of cyclooxygenase (COX) I and II, preventing the formation of prostaglandins and thromboxanes. A reduction in prostaglandin synthesis accounts for this agent's anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic activities; a reduction in thromboxane A2 synthesis results in an irreversible inhibition of platelet aggregation. NO donation by this agent, after cleavage from the acetylsalicylic acid derivative in vivo, may protect the gastric mucosa against the damaging effects of the aspirin derivative by modulating prostaglandins. In tumor cells, the NO donating moiety may block the cell cycle in the G1 and G2 phases and may induce apoptosis through caspase-mediated mechanisms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzoic Acid, 2-(Acetyl-oxy)-3-[(nitrooxy)methyl]phenyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCX 4016","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"NCX 4016","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NCX 4016","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitric Oxide-Releasing Acetylsalicylic Acid Derivative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitric Oxide-Releasing Aspirin Derivative","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitroaspirin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nitric oxide-releasing acetylsalicylic acid derivative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0531264"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486415"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486415"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nitric_Oxide-Releasing_Acetylsalicylic_Acid_Derivative"}]}}{"C61590":{"preferredName":"Nitrogen Mustard Prodrug PR-104","code":"C61590","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. PR-104 becomes active when cancer cells don't receive enough oxygen. It may kill cancer cells by damaging their DNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-toxic, small-molecule, hypoxia-activated, 3,5-dinitrobenzamide nitrogen mustard pre-prodrug with potential antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, PR-104 is converted by systemic phosphatases to the alcohol intermediate PR-104A, which is reduced to form the active DNA-crosslinking mustard species hydroxylamine PR-104H intracellularly under hypoxic conditions. PR-104H specifically crosslinks hypoxic tumor cell DNA, resulting in the inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis in susceptible hypoxic tumor cell populations while sparing normoxic tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"((2-Bromoethyl)-2,4-dinitro-6-(((2-(phosphonooxy)ethyl)amino)-carbonyl)anilino)ethyl Methanesulphonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitrogen Mustard Prodrug PR-104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PR-104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PR-104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-104","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PR104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831907"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V16D2ZT7DT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492222"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492222"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PR-104"}]}}{"C103272":{"preferredName":"Nitroglycerin Transdermal Patch","code":"C103272","definitions":[{"description":"A sustained release transdermal patch containing the organic nitrate nitroglycerin, with vasodilator and potential immunomodulating activities. Upon application to the skin, nitroglycerin is continuously released from the patch and absorbed. In turn, nitroglycerin is converted into nitric oxide (NO), which activates guanylyl cyclase, increasing cyclic guanosine monophosphate concentration thus resulting in smooth muscle relaxation. In addition, activation of NO-mediated signaling pathways may inhibit hypoxia-induced tumor cell invasiveness, chemoresistance, evasion of immune cell recognition and cancer cell progression. Particularly, reactivation of NO-mediated signaling appears to inhibit the increased tumor cell shedding of the major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related (MIC) molecules MICA and MICB as is seen in hypoxic tumor environments; MIC molecules play key roles in tumor cell immune surveillance through their interaction with the C-type lectin-like NKG2D receptor on natural killer, lymphokine-activated killer and effector T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GTN Transdermal Patch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glyceryl Trinitrate Transdermal Patch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Minitran","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitroglycerin Transdermal Patch","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699222"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741836"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741836"}]}}{"C68814":{"preferredName":"Nivolumab","code":"C68814","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1, PCD-1) with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nivolumab binds to and blocks the activation of PD-1, an immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) transmembrane protein, by its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which is overexpressed on certain cancer cells, and programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2), which is primarily expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This results in the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. Activated PD-1 negatively regulates T-cell activation and plays a key role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-936558","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-1106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIVO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIVOLUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nivolumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nivolumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO-4538","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Opdivo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3657270"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946414-94-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma; recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN); renal cell carcinoma (RCC) ; metastatic melanoma; non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL); BRAF V600 wild-type, unresectable or metastatic melanoma; metastatic small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with progression after platinum-based chemotherapy and at least one other line of therapy."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"31YO63LBSN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539733"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539733"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-PD-1_Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_MDX-1106"}]}}{"C75228":{"preferredName":"Nocodazole","code":"C75228","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic tubulin-binding agent with antineoplastic activity. Nocodazole binds to beta-tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. This prevents mitosis and induces apoptosis in tumor cells. Although nocodazole binding site overlaps with that of colchicine, the two agents are structurally quite different.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Methyl (5-(2-thienylcarbonyl))-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOCODAZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nocodazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028247"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"31430-18-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SH1WY3R615"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H11N3O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nocodazole"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:34892"}]}}{"C700":{"preferredName":"Nogalamycin","code":"C700","definitions":[{"description":"An anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces nogalater. Nogalamycin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase I, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibiotic 205T3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOGALAMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"NOGALAMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Nogalamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Nogalamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U 15167","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"U-15167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[2R-(2alpha,3beta,4alpha,5beta,6alpha,11beta,13alpha,14alpha)]-11-[(6-deoxy-3-C-methyl-2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-4(dimethylamino)-3,4,5,6,9,11,12,13,14,16-decahydro-3,5,8,10,13-pentahydroxy-6,13-dimethyl-9,16-dioxo-2,6-epoxy-2H-naphthaceno[1,2-b]oxocin-14-carboxylic acid methyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"70845"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028261"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1404-15-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L059DCD6IP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C39H49NO16"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nogalamycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:44504"}]}}{"C1577":{"preferredName":"Nolatrexed Dihydrochloride","code":"C1577","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of liver cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called thymidylate synthase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The dihydrochloride salt of nolatrexed, a water-soluble lipophilic quinazoline folate analog with antineoplastic activity. Nolatrexed occupies the folate binding site of thymidylate synthase, resulting in inhibition of thymidylate synthase activity and thymine nucleotide synthesis with subsequent inhibition of DNA replication, DNA damage, S-phase cell cycle arrest, and caspase-dependent apoptosis. This agent also exhibits radiosensitizing activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,4-Dihydro-2-amino-6-methyl-4-oxy-5-(4-pyridylthio)-quinazoline Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG-337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG337","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NOLATREXED DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nolatrexed Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nolatrexed Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymitaq","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Thymitaq","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nolatrexed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796399"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"152946-68-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hepatocellular carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1XA69O733O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42223"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42223"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H12N4OS.2ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nolatrexed"}]}}{"C84872":{"preferredName":"Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer mRNA-Derived Vaccine CV9201","code":"C84872","definitions":[{"description":"A non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) vaccine containing modified mRNAs encoding cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, melanoma-associated antigens C1 (MAGE-C1/CT7) and C2 (MAGE-C2/CT10), survivin, and the oncofetal antigen 5T4 with potential antitumor and immunomodulatory activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, non-small cell lung cancer mRNA-derived vaccine CV9201 may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic, antigen-specific T lymphocyte response (CTL) against NSCLC cells. The modified mRNAs in this vaccine are taken up by cells after injection and exhibit enhanced translational potency. The five tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) encoded by these mRNAs are frequently expressed by NSCLC cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CV9201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer mRNA-Derived Vaccine CV9201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412376"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648549"}]}}{"C703":{"preferredName":"Norgestrel","code":"C703","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic progestin commonly used alone or in combination with an estrogen for contraception. Norgestrel suppresses the secretion of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones (LH and FSH), thickens cervical mucus, and slows the transit of ova through the fallopian tubes. This agent also exhibits antiproliferative activity in endometrial tissue and may exhibit chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities in endometrial carcinoma. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+/-)-13-Ethyl-17alpha-hydroxy-18,19-dinorpregn-4-en-20-yne-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(17alpha)-(+/-)-13-Ethyl-17-hydroxy-18,19-dinorpregn-4-en-20-yne-3-one","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"NORGESTREL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Neogest","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Norgestrel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Norgestrel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovrette","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wy-3707","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028368"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6533-00-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Oral contraception"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3J8Q1747Z2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39310"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39310"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H28O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Norgestrel"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7630"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50901"}]}}{"C99122":{"preferredName":"North American Ginseng Extract AFX-2","code":"C99122","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available proprietary aqueous extract from the North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) dried root, primarily containing poly-furanosyl-pyranosyl-saccharides, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, North American ginseng extract AFX-2 may stimulate the proliferation and activation of B-lymphocytes and stimulates IgG production by B cells. Also, this agent induces maturation of dendritic cells, induces T cell proliferation and activates peritoneal exudate macrophages leading to an increase in the production of the cytokines interleukin -1 and -6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma and nitric oxide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFX-2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COLD-fX","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVT-E002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"North American Ginseng Extract AFX-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panax quinquefolius Extract AFX-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1722695"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715600"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715600"}]}}{"C81423":{"preferredName":"Nortopixantrone","code":"C81423","definitions":[{"description":"A 9-aza-anthrapyrazole-based antineoplastic antibiotic. Nortopixantrone intercalates into DNA, induces single- and double-stranded DNA breaks and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. Nortopixantrone is less cardiotoxicity than anthracyclines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NORTOPIXANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nortopixantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825625"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"156090-17-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PH2639TAB4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H24N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nortopixantrone"}]}}{"C80589":{"preferredName":"Noscapine","code":"C80589","definitions":[{"description":"A phthalide isoquinoline non-narcotic alkaloid derived from the opium poppy Papaver somniferum, with mild analgesic, antitussive, and potential antineoplastic activities. Noscapine exerts its antitussive effects through the activation of sigma opioid receptors. This agent appears to exert its antimitotic effect by binding to tubulin, resulting in a disruption of microtubule assembly dynamics and subsequently, the inhibition of mitosis and tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NOSCAPINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Noscapine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"5366"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028426"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"128-62-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8V32U4AOQU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H23NO7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Noscapine"}]}}{"C61103":{"preferredName":"Noscapine Hydrochloride","code":"C61103","definitions":[{"description":"The orally available hydrochloride salt of the opioid agonist noscapine, a phthalideisoquinoline alkaloid derived from the opium poppy Papaver somniferum, with mild analgesic, antitussive, and potential antineoplastic activities. Noscapine binds to tubulin and alters its conformation, resulting in a disruption of the dynamics of microtubule assembly (by increasing the time that microtubules spend idle in a paused state) and subsequently, the inhibition of mitosis and tumor cell death. Unlike other tubulin inhibitors such as the taxanes and vinca alkaloids, noscapine does not affect microtubule polymerization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1(3H)Isobenzofuranone,6,7-dimethoxy-3-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,-dioxolo(4,5-g)isoquinolin-5-yl)-hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOSCAPINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Narcotine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noscapine HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noscapine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Noscapine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1450474"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"912-60-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Cough"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TTN62ITH9I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"469778"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"469778"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H23NO7.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Noscapine_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C118569":{"preferredName":"Notch Signaling Inhibitor PF-06650808","code":"C118569","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Notch Signaling Inhibitor PF-06650808","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Notch Signaling Inhibitor PF-06650808","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06650808","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474089"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C49175":{"preferredName":"Notch Signaling Pathway Inhibitor MK0752","code":"C49175","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks signals between growing cells and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of signal transduction inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. MK0752 inhibits the Notch signaling pathway, which may result in induction of growth arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells in which the Notch signaling pathway is overactivated. The Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in cell-fate determination, cell survival, and cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MK-0752","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MK-0752","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK0752","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MK0752","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Notch Signaling Pathway Inhibitor MK0752","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Notch Signaling Pathway Inhibitor MK0752","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708824"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9JD9B4S53T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"446541"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"446541"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MK0752"}]}}{"C103297":{"preferredName":"Nucleolin Antagonist IPP-204106N","code":"C103297","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, multivalent, lysine-rich, pseudopeptide and nucleolin antagonist with potential anti-angiogenic, antineoplastic and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, IPP-204106N antagonizes nucleolin leading to a downregulation of cell-surface nucleolin; preventing the binding of certain growth promoting ligands to nucleolin may suppress tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. In addition, IPP-204106N is able to translocate to the nucleolus and bind to nucleolar nucleolin. This prevents nucleolin from binding to and stabilizing mRNA of the anti-apoptotic Bcl2; destabilizing Bcl2 mRNA leads to a reduction in Bcl2 protein synthesis and induces apoptosis. Further, this agent can antagonize nucleophosmin. Nucleolin, a nucleolar phosphoprotein, is overexpressed on the cell surface of certain cancer cells and binds ligands involved in cell proliferation, adhesion and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IPP-204106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N6L","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nucleolin Antagonist IPP-204106N","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641183"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742115"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742115"}]}}{"C116744":{"preferredName":"Nucleoside Analog DFP-10917","code":"C116744","definitions":[{"description":"A deoxycytosine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DFP-10917 is phosphorylated to generate its nucleotide form that functions as a deoxycytosine mimic and is incorporated into DNA in tumor cells. This causes DNA strand breaks during polymerization due to beta-elimination during the fidelity checkpoint, which results in G2/M phase-arrest and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2'-C-cyano-2'-deoxy-1-beta-D-arabino-pentofuranosylcytosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNDAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DFP-10917","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nucleoside Analog DFP-10917","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nucleoside Analog DFP-10917","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0091023"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741505"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741505"}]}}{"C156680":{"preferredName":"Fosifloxuridine Nafalbenamide","code":"C156680","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphoramidate-based prodrug of the monophosphate (MP) form of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FUdR; FUDR), the active metabolite of fluorouracil (5-FU), an antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the pyrimidine nucleoside, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the nucleotide analog prodrug fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide, fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide is readily taken up by tumor cells. In the tumor cell, the phosphoramidate moiety is removed and fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide is converted to its active form FUDR-MP. In turn, FUDR-MP binds to and inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), resulting in the depletion of thymidine triphosphate (TTP) and thus DNA synthesis. With the phosphoramidate moiety attached to FUDR-MP, fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide, compared to 5-FU, is more lipophilic and accumulates in cancer cells by passive diffusion and does not require a nucleoside transporter, thereby generating higher intracellular concentrations. In addition, compared to 5-FU, once inside the cell FUDR-MP does not need to be phosphorylated and is already in its active form. Unlike 5-FU, fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide does not get deactivated or converted into toxic metabolites by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) and thymidine phosphorylase (TP), which leads to both a longer half-life and less toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-FU Analog Prodrug NUC-3373","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSIFLOXURIDINE NAFALBENAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fosifloxuridine Nafalbenamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fosifloxuridine Nafalbenamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Alanine, N-(-2'-Deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-p-1-naphthalenyl-5'-cytidylyl)-, Phenylmethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUC 3373","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUC-3373","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUC3373","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nucleotide Analog NUC-3373","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphoramidate-FUDR-MP Prodrug NUC-3373","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935731"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1332837-31-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4YO6QT3SZ9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795584"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795584"}]}}{"C71742":{"preferredName":"Nucleotide Analogue GS 9219","code":"C71742","definitions":[{"description":"A prodrug of the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogue 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)guanine (PMEG) with potential antineoplastic activity. Formulated to selectively accumulate in lymphocytes, nucleotide analogue GS 9219 is converted to its active metabolite, PMEG diphosphate (PMEGpp), via enzymatic hydrolysis, deamination, and phosphorylation; subsequently, PMEGpp is incorporated into nascent DNA chains by DNA polymerases, which may result in the termination of DNA synthesis, S-phase cell cycle arrest, and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible lymphoma cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)guanine nucleotide analogue prodrug GS 9219","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS9219","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nucleotide Analogue GS 9219","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nucleotide Analogue GS 9219","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"287459"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376149"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560932"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560932"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nucleotide_Analogue_GS_9219"}]}}{"C74594":{"preferredName":"Nutlin-3a","code":"C74594","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and MDM2 (murine double minute 2) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. In cancer cells, nutlin-3a antagonizes the binding of MDM2 to p53, thereby preventing MDM2-mediated p53 degradation. This results in stabilizing and activating p53-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The protein MDM2, a negative regulator of p53 activity, is overexpressed in many cancer cell types; the tumor suppressor p53 is mutated or deleted in about 50% of all cancers but active in the other 50%.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nutlin-3a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1956368"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Nutlin-3a"}]}}{"C96036":{"preferredName":"Nutraceutical TBL-12","code":"C96036","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available nutritional supplement and proprietary formulation containing extracts from the sea cucumber, sea sponge, shark fin, sea urchin and the marine grass Sargassum, with potential antioxidant, antitumor, anti-angiogenic and immunomodulating activities. TBL-12 contains various amino acids, minerals, vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nutraceutical TBL-12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nutraceutical TBL-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TBL-12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428370"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696523"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696523"}]}}{"C1298":{"preferredName":"O-Chloroacetylcarbamoylfumagillol","code":"C1298","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic analog of fumagillin, an antibiotic isolated from the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus fresenius with antineoplastic activity. TNP-470 binds to and irreversibly inactivates methionine aminopeptidase-2 (MetAP2), resulting in endothelial cell cycle arrest late in the G1 phase and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. This agent may also induce the p53 pathway, thereby stimulating the production of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and inhibiting angiogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-Methoxy-4- [(2R,3R)-2-methyl-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) -oxiranyl]-1-oxaspiro [2,5] oct-6-yl(chloroacetyl) Carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-methoxy-4-(2-methyl-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxiranyl)-1-oxaspiro(2,5)oct-6-yl(chloroacetyl) carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGM-1470","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"AGM-1470","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"O-Chloroacetylcarbamoylfumagillol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNP-470","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TNP-470","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TNP-470","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[3R-[3alpha,4alpha(2R*,3R*),5beta,6beta]]-5-Methoxy-4-[2-methyl-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxiranyl]-1-oxaspiro[2.5]oct-6-yl (chloroacetyl)carbamate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"642492"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0081489"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"129298-91-5"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41725"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41725"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"TNP-470"}]}}{"C1306":{"preferredName":"O6-Benzylguanine","code":"C1306","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that may improve the response of cancer cells to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A guanine analogue with antineoplastic activity. O6-benzylguanine binds the DNA repair enzyme O(6)-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase (AGT), transferring the benzyl moiety to the active-site cysteine and resulting in inhibition of AGT-mediated DNA repair. Co-administration of this agent potentiates the effects of other chemotherapeutic agents that damage DNA. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-amino-6-(benzyloxy)purine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-amino-6-(phenylmethoxy)-9h-purine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-O-BENZYLGUANINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"6-O-Benzylguanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"O(6)-Benzylguanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"O(6)-benzylguanine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"O-6-Benzylguanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"O6-BG","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"O6-Benzylguanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"O6-Benzylguanine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"O6-Benzylguanine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"O6-Benzylguanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"637037"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0083812"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"19916-73-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"01KC87F8FE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42113"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42113"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H11N5O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"O_6_Benzylguanine"}]}}{"C90545":{"preferredName":"OPCs/Green Tea/Spirullina/Curcumin/Antrodia Camphorate/Fermented Soymilk Extract Capsule","code":"C90545","definitions":[{"description":"A capsule containing a fermented soymilk extract and oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs), green tea, spirullina, curcumin and antrodia camphorate powder, with potential antioxidant, immunomodulating, anti-infective and anti-cancer activities. OPCs/green tea/spirullina/curcumin/antrodia camphorate/fermented soymilk extract capsule may boost the immune system and may alleviate fatigue and poor appetite in cancer chemotherapy patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MB-6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OPCs/Green Tea/Spirullina/Curcumin/Antrodia Camphorate/Fermented Soymilk Extract Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins/Green Tea/Spirullina/Curcumin/Antrodia Camphorate/Fermented Soymilk Extract Capsule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416226"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665369"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665369"}]}}{"C160192":{"preferredName":"OX40L-expressing Oncolytic Adenovirus DNX-2440","code":"C160192","definitions":[{"description":"A selectively replication competent oncolytic adenovirus that is engineered to express OX40 ligand (OX40L) with potential oncolytic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon administration, OX40L-expressing oncolytic adenovirus DNX-2440, which contains an integrin binding RGD-4C motif, infects tumor cells in a Coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor-independent manner and selectively replicates in tumor cells that are defective in retinoblastoma gene (Rb) or cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2A (p16). Tumor cell selectivity is achieved through a 24-base pair deletion in the E1A gene, which renders the oncolytic adenovirus unable to replicate in normal cells that maintain a functional Rb pathway, but fully replication competent in Rb/p16 defective tumor cells. Active replication of the OX40L-expressing oncolytic adenovirus DNX-2440 within tumor cells may induce oncolysis and release of OX40L. OX40L may then bind to and activate signaling pathways downstream of its cognate receptor, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4; OX40), which is expressed on activated T-cells. OX40L/OX40 binding promotes increased cytokine production, which can induce proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and promote the killing of nearby tumor cells. OX40L, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family, provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells. The Rb gene product and p16 are negative regulators of the cell cycle and are defective in certain tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNX 2440","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNX-2440","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNX2440","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OX40L-expressing Oncolytic Adenovirus DNX-2440","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenovirus Armed With OX40L DNX-2440","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797863"}]}}{"C62771":{"preferredName":"Obatoclax Mesylate","code":"C62771","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It is a form of obatoclax, which blocks the activity of certain proteins needed for cells to live and may cause tumor cells to die. It is a type of apoptosis inducer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The mesylate salt of obatoclax, a synthetic small-molecule inhibitor of the bcl-2 family of proteins with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Obatoclax binds to members of the Bcl-2 protein family, preventing the binding of these anti-apoptotic proteins to the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bak and so promoting the activation of the apoptotic pathway in Bcl-2-overexpressing cells. The Bcl-2 family of proteins (bcl-2, bcl-xl, bcl-w, and Mcl-1) are overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers, including those of the lymphatic system, breast, lung, prostate, and colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(2-[(3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylidene]-3-methoxy-2H-pyrrol-5-yl)-1H-indole Monomethanesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GX15-070MS","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBATOCLAX MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Obatoclax Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Obatoclax Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"obatoclax mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831948"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"803712-79-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"39200FJ43J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504100"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504100"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H19N3O.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Obatoclax_Mesylate"}]}}{"C70741":{"preferredName":"Obinutuzumab","code":"C70741","definitions":[{"description":"A glycoengineered, humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Obinutuzumab, a third generation type II anti-CD20 antibody, selectivity binds to the extracellular domain of the human CD20 antigen on malignant human B cells. The Fc region carbohydrates of the antibody, enriched in bisected non-fucosylated glycosylation variants, contribute to its higher binding affinity for human FcgammaRIII receptors compared to non-glycoengineered antibodies, resulting in enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and caspase-independent apoptosis. In addition, modification of elbow hinge sequences within the antibody variable framework regions may account for the strong apoptosis-inducing activity of R7159 upon binding to CD20 on target cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Afutuzumab","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody R7159","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GA-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GA101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gazyva","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBINUTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Obinutuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Obinutuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R7159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 5072759","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5072759","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5072759","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huMAB(CD20)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742503"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"949142-50-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"follicular lymphoma (FL); chronic lymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O43472U9X8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570643"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570643"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD20_Monoclonal_Antibody_R7159"}]}}{"C66722":{"preferredName":"Oblimersen Sodium","code":"C66722","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may kill cancer cells by blocking the production of a protein that makes cancer cells live longer and by making them more sensitive to anticancer drugs. It is a type of antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt of a phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide targeted to the initiation codon region of mRNA for the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2. Oblimersen inhibits Bcl-2 mRNA translation, which may result in decreased expression of the Bcl-2 protein and tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may enhance the efficacy of standard cytotoxic chemotherapy. The anti-apoptotic bcl-2 protein is an integral outer mitochondrial membrane protein (OMMP) that is overexpressed in some cancer cell types and is linked to tumor drug resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anticode G3139","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Augmerosen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL-2 Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide G3139","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL-2 Antisense/G3139","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G3139","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G3139 Antisense Oligonucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G3139 BCL-2 Antisense Oligo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G3139 BCL-2 Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G3139 BCL-2 Antisense Oligonucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genasense","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Genasense","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBLIMERSEN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oblimersen Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oblimersen Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"augmerosen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide G3139","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"oblimersen sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"683428"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935954"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"190977-41-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SH55B0RQ9K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42935"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C172H204N62O91P17S17.17Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oblimersen_Sodium"}]}}{"C2524":{"preferredName":"Ocaratuzumab","code":"C2524","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-engineered monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Ocaratuzumab specifically binds to CD20 antigen (B1), preventing mitogen-induced B-cell proliferation; inhibiting B-cell differentiation; and promoting antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and apoptosis of B cells expressing CD20. The Fc portion of this monoclonal antibody has been engineered to possess a higher binding affinity for variant Fc receptors on T helper cells, resulting in an augmentation of the anti-tumor immune response. Because of Fc engineering, this agent may be significantly more potent than rituximab in inducing B cell-directed ADCC. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B cells during most stages of B cell development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AME-133v","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody AME-133v","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 2469298","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb CD20","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCARATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ocaratuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ocaratuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody, CD20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831936"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1169956-08-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NTY9893GD0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500055"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500055"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_CD20"}]}}{"C66250":{"preferredName":"Ocrelizumab","code":"C66250","definitions":[{"description":"A Fc-modified, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell CD20 cell surface antigen, with immunosuppressive activity. Ocrelizumab binds to CD20 on the surfaces of B-cells, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis (CDCL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of B-cells overexpressing CD20. The CD20 antigen, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that acts as a calcium ion channel, is found on over 90% of B-cells, B-cell lymphomas, and other lymphoid tumor cells of B-cell origin; it plays an important role in B-cell functioning.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OCRELIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ocrelizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR070769","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRO-70769","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRO70769","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO4964913","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhuMAb 2H7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1882138"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"637334-45-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A10SJL62JY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780147"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780147"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ocrelizumab"}]}}{"C711":{"preferredName":"Octreotide","code":"C711","definitions":[{"description":"A drug similar to the naturally occurring growth hormone inhibitor somatostatin. Octreotide is used to treat diarrhea and flushing associated with certain types of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic long-acting cyclic octapeptide with pharmacologic properties mimicking those of the natural hormone somatostatin. Octreotide is a more potent inhibitor of growth hormone, glucagon, and insulin than somatostatin. Similar to somatostatin, this agent also suppresses the luteinizing hormone response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone, decreases splanchnic blood flow, and inhibits the release of serotonin, gastrin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), secretin, motilin, pancreatic polypeptide, and thyroid stimulating hormone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D-Phenylalanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-phenyl-alanyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-threonyl-N-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)propyl]-L-cysteinamide Cyclic (2->7)-Disulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Phenylalanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-threonyl-L-cysteinyl-L-threoninol Cyclic (2->7)-Disulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Phenylalanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-threonyl-N-[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-(hyroxymethyl)propyl]-L-cysteinamide, Cyclic (2->7)-disulfide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"OCTREOTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Octreotide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Octreotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMS-201-995","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"octreotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"16917205"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028833"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83150-76-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acromegaly; Diarrhea"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RWM8CCW8GP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C49H66N10O10S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Octreotide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7726"}]}}{"C53447":{"preferredName":"Octreotide Acetate","code":"C53447","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt of a synthetic long-acting cyclic octapeptide with pharmacologic properties mimicking those of the natural hormone somatostatin. Octreotide is a more potent inhibitor of growth hormone, glucagon, and insulin than somatostatin. Similar to somatostatin, this agent also suppresses the luteinizing hormone response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone, decreases splanchnic blood flow, and inhibits the release of serotonin, gastrin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), secretin, motilin, pancreatic polypeptide, and thyroid stimulating hormone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D-Phenylalanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-threonyl-N-((1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)propyl)-L-cysteinamide cyclic (2->7)-disulfide Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Phenylalanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-threonyl-N-[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-(hyroxymethyl)propyl]-L-cysteinamide, Cyclic (2->7)-disulfide, Acetate (Salt)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Longastatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Longastatina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCTREOTIDE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Octreotide Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Octreotide Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Octreotide acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SMS 201-995","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMS 201-995 AC","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Samilstin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sandostatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sandostatin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sandostatin Lar Depot","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sandostatina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sandostatine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"671663"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0678117"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"79517-01-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acromegaly; Diarrhea"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"75R0U2568I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38866"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38866"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C49H66N10O10S2.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Octreotide_Acetate"}]}}{"C2402":{"preferredName":"Octreotide Pamoate","code":"C2402","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic long-acting octapeptide analogue of endogenous somatostatin. Octreotide pamoate binds to somatostatin receptors expressed by some neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine tumor cells, thereby initiating somatostatin receptor-mediated apoptosis. Other possible antineoplastic activities of this agent include suppression of tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth-promoting insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OCTREOTIDE PAMOATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OP LAR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Octreotide Embpnate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Octreotide Pamoate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Octreotide Pamoate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Octreotide Pamoate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Octreotide pamoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"OncoLar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMS 201-995 PA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMS 201-995 pa LAR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SMS 201-995 pa LAR","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"685403"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338271"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"135467-16-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MWH8YQ1AIO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42358"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42358"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C49H66N10O10S2.C23H16O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Octreotide_Pamoate"}]}}{"C66952":{"preferredName":"Ofatumumab","code":"C66952","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) that has not gotten better with other chemotherapy. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer, including follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Arzerra binds to CD20, a protein on the surface of normal B cells and most B-cell tumors. This may kill the cancer cells. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human, high-affinity IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the B cell CD20 cell surface antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Ofatumumab binds specifically to CD20 on the surfaces of B cells, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis (CDCL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of B cells overexpressing CD20. The CD20 antigen, found on over 90% of B cells, B cell lymphomas, and other B cells of lymphoid tumors of B cell origin, is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that acts as a calcium ion channel; it is exclusively expressed on B cells during most stages of B cell development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arzerra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Arzerra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK1841157","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMax-CD20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HuMax-CD20","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMax-CD20, 2F2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OFATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ofatumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ofatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ofatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832027"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"679818-59-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M95KG522R0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530015"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530015"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ofatumumab"}]}}{"C2558":{"preferredName":"Oglufanide Disodium","code":"C2558","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The disodium salt of a synthetic form of a naturally-occurring dipeptide consisting of L-glutamic acid and L-tryptophan with potential antiangiogenic and potential immunomodulating activities. Oglufanide inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which may inhibit angiogenesis. This agent has also been reported to stimulate the immune response to hepatitic C virus and intracellular bacterial infections.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glufanide Disodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IM 862","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"IM 862","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IM-862","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IM862","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Tryptophan, L-alpha-glutamyl-, disodium salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OGLUFANIDE DISODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oglufanide Disodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymogen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"12180893"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL032903"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"237068-57-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q60AU1LLNU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43387"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43387"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H17N3O5.2Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Glufanide_Disodium"}]}}{"C71721":{"preferredName":"Olaparib","code":"C71721","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers caused by mutations (changes) in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks an enzyme involved in many functions of the cell, including the repair of DNA damage. DNA damage may be caused by normal cell actions, UV light, some anticancer drugs, and radiation used to treat cancer. AZD2281 may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of targeted therapy agent and a type of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential chemosensitizing, radiosensitizing, and antineoplastic activities. Olaparib selectively binds to and inhibits PARP, inhibiting PARP-mediated repair of single strand DNA breaks; PARP inhibition may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and may reverse tumor cell chemoresistance and radioresistance. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins and can be activated by single-stranded DNA breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 2281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-2281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD2281","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AZD2281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KU-0059436","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lynparza","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLAPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Olaparib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Olaparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor AZD2281","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP inhibitor AZD2281","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"olaparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2316164"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"763113-22-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"deleterious or suspected deleterious germline or somatic BRCA-mutated (gBRCAm or sBRCAm) advanced epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer; deleterious or suspected deleterious germline BRCA-mutated (gBRCAm), HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WOH1JD9AR8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560191"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560191"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H23FN4O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PARP_Inhibitor_AZD2281"}]}}{"C99379":{"preferredName":"Olaptesed Pegol","code":"C99379","definitions":[{"description":"A 45-mer L-stereoisomer RNA oligonucleotide linked to a 40 kDa polyethyleneglycol that targets the small chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) with potential antineoplastic and hematopoietic stem cell-mobilization activities. SDF-1 targeted agent NOX-A12 specifically binds to SDF-1 thereby preventing the binding of SDF-1 to its receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7 blocking the subsequent receptor activation. This may prevent angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis and could sensitize tumor cells to chemotherapy. In addition, inhibition of SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction may induce mobilization of hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow into blood. The unique mirror-image configuration of this agent renders it resistant to hydrolysis and does not hybridize with native nucleic acids. Furthermore, this agent does not induce the innate immune response and has shown a favorable immunogenicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NOX-A12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLAPTESED PEGOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Olaptesed Pegol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274704"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1390628-22-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MTM792B442"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"719932"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"719932"}]}}{"C79825":{"preferredName":"Olaratumab","code":"C79825","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of glioblastoma (a type of brain tumor) that has come back. It binds to receptors for a protein called platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). This keeps PDGF from binding to the cells. This may stop the growth of cancer cells and blood vessels that have the receptors for PDGF. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR alpha) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-PDGFR alpha monoclonal antibody IMC-3G3 selectively binds to PDGFR alpha, .blocking the binding of its ligand, PDGF; signal transduction downstream of PDGFR through the MAPK and PI3K pathways is inhibited, which may result in inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Overexpressed by various cancer cell types, PDGFR is a transmembrane protein tyrosine kinase receptor, consisting of isoforms A and B that is important in regulating cellular growth and differentiation and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PDGFR alpha Monoclonal Antibody IMC-3G3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor alpha Monoclonal Antibody IMC-3G3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-3G3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IMC-3G3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lartruvo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLARATUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Olaratumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Olaratumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-PDGFR alpha monoclonal antibody IMC-3G3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"anti-platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha monoclonal antibody IMC-3G3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703171"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1024603-93-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"soft tissue sarcoma (STS)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TT6HN20MVF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626630"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626630"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-PDGFR_alpha_Monoclonal_Antibody_IMC-3G3"}]}}{"C90586":{"preferredName":"Oleandrin","code":"C90586","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid soluble cardiac glycoside with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, oleandrin specifically binds to and inhibits the alpha3 subunit of the Na/K-ATPase pump in human cancer cells. This may inhibit the phosphorylation of Akt, upregulate MAPK, inhibit NF-kb activation and inhibit FGF-2 export and may downregulate mTOR thereby inhibiting p70S6K and S6 protein expression. All of this may lead to an induction of apoptosis. As cancer cells with relatively higher expression of the alpha3 subunit and with limited expression of the alpha1 subunit are more sensitive to oleandrin, one may predict the tumor response to treatment with lipid-soluble cardiac glycosides such as oleandrin based on the tumors Na/K-ATPase pump protein subunit expression. Overexpression of the alpha3 subunit in tumor cells correlates with tumor proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oleandrin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oleandrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBI-05204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0069397"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579304"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579304"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:59030"}]}}{"C123914":{"preferredName":"Oleclumab","code":"C123914","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody against the ectoenzyme CD73 (cluster of differentiation 73), also known as 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT; ecto-5'-nucleotidase) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, oleclumab targets and binds to CD73, leading to clustering of and internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and decreases the amount of free adenosine. This prevents adenosine-mediated lymphocyte suppression and increases the activity of CD8-positive effector cells. This also activates macrophages, and reduces both myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T-lymphocytes. By abrogating the inhibitory effect on the immune system and enhancing the cytotoxic T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells, tumor cell growth decreases. In addition, clustering and internalization of CD73 decreases the migration of cancer cells and prevents metastasis. CD73, a plasma membrane protein upregulated on a number of cancer cell types, catalyzes the conversion of extracellular nucleotides, such as AMP, to membrane-permeable nucleosides, such as adenosine; it plays a key role in adenosine-mediated immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI9447","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI9447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLECLUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oleclumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oleclumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498278"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1803176-05-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5CRY01URYQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775839"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775839"}]}}{"C61325":{"preferredName":"Oligonucleotide SPC2996","code":"C61325","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic antisense oligonucleotide against Bcl-2 messenger RNA with potential antitumor activity. Oligonucleotide SPC2996 binds to and inactivates Bcl-2 mRNA, thereby inhibiting the expression of Bcl-2 protein, promoting tumor cell apoptosis, and potentially enhancing the efficacy of standard cytotoxic chemotherapy. Linked to tumor drug resistance, the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 is upregulated in several types of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oligonucleotide SPC2996","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831825"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485272"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485272"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SPC2996_Oligonucleotide"}]}}{"C715":{"preferredName":"Olivomycin","code":"C715","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation containing a mixture of glycosidic antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces olivoreticuli with fluorescent microscopy applications and potential antineoplastic activities. Olivomycin preferentially binds to DNA and can be utilized as a fluorescent marker during the characterization of heterochromatin. Additionally, binding to DNA inhibits both RNA transcription and RNA elongation by RNA polymerase; therefore protein synthesis is inhibited. In addition, olivomycin antibiotics are able to induce apoptosis in tumor cells through a mechanism that has not yet been fully elucidated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OLIVOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OLIVOMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oligomycin A, mixt. with oligomycin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olivomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olivomycins","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toyomycin R","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"76411"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028967"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"11006-70-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"44003517D1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Olivomycin_Antibiotic"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:52515"}]}}{"C101791":{"preferredName":"Olmutinib","code":"C101791","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule, mutant-selective inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Olmutinib binds to and inhibits mutant forms of EGFR, thereby leading to cell death of EGFR-expressing tumor cells. As this agent is selective towards mutant forms of EGFR, its toxicity profile may be reduced as compared to non-selective EGFR inhibitors which also inhibit the EGFR wild type form.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenamide, N-(3-((2-((4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)phenyl)amino)thieno(3,2-d)pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 1482694","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM61713","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLMUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Olmutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Olmutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435909"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1353550-13-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CHL9B67L95"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733621"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733621"}]}}{"C1177":{"preferredName":"Oltipraz","code":"C1177","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used in cancer prevention.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic dithiolethione with potential chemopreventive and anti-angiogenic properties. Oltipraz induces phase II detoxification enzymes, such as glutathione S transferase (GST) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). The induction of detoxification enzymes enhances the detoxification of certain cancer-causing agents, thereby enhancing their elimination and preventing carcinogen-induced DNA damages. Although the exact mechanism through which the anti-angiogenesis effect remains to be fully elucidated, oltipraz maybe able to modulate the expression of a number of angiogenic factors, thereby blocking the sustained and focal neovascularization in multiple tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3H-1,2-Dithiole-3-thione, 4-methyl-5-pyrazinyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"3H-1,2-Dithiole-3-thione,4-methyl-5-pyrazinyl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Methyl-5-(pyrazinyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Methyl-5-pyrazinyl-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-(2-Pyrazinyl)-4-methyl-1,2-dithiol-3-thione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-[2-Pyrazinyl]-4-methyl-1,2-3-thione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLTIPRAZ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oltipraz","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Oltipraz","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oltipraz","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP-35,972","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oltipraz","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"347901"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0069456"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"64224-21-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6N510JUL1Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41866"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41866"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H6N2S3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oltipraz"}]}}{"C129687":{"preferredName":"Olutasidenib","code":"C129687","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1; IDH-1; IDH1 [NADP+] soluble) with a mutation at arginine (R) 132, IDH1(R132), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, olutasidenib specifically inhibits IDH1(R132), thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells expressing IDH(R132). IDH1(R132) mutations are highly expressed in certain malignancies, including gliomas; they initiate and drive cancer growth by both blocking cell differentiation and catalyzing the formation of 2HG.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FT 2102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT-2102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDH1-R132 Inhibitor FT-2102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLUTASIDENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Olutasidenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Olutasidenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507891"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0T4IMT8S5Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1127":{"preferredName":"Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate","code":"C1127","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the plant alkaloid family of drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic formulation of the cytotoxic plant alkaloid homoharringtonine isolated from the evergreen tree Cephalotaxus with potential antineoplastic activity. Omacetaxine mepesuccinate binds to the 80S ribosome in eukaryotic cells and inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with chain elongation. This agent also induces differentiation and apoptosis in some cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGX-635","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ceflatonin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cephalotaxine, 4-Methyl 2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)butanedioate (Ester)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cephalotaxine, 4-Methyl 2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)butanedioate (Ester), [3(R)]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cephalotaxine, 4-methyl 2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)butanedioate (ester), [3(R)]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"HHT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMACETAXINE MEPESUCCINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synribo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"homoharringtonine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"141633"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0062941"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"26833-87-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6FG8041S5B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39476"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39476"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H39NO9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Homoharringtonine"}]}}{"C78480":{"preferredName":"Ombrabulin","code":"C78480","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic water-soluble analogue of combretastatin A4, derived from the South African willow bush (Combretum caffrum), with potential vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Ombrabulin binds to the colchicine binding site of endothelial cell tubulin, inhibiting tubulin polymerization and inducing mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. As apoptotic endothelial cells detach from their substrata, tumor blood vessels collapse; the acute disruption of tumor blood flow may result in tumor necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxy-n-(2-methoxy-5-((1Z)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)phenyl)propanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC7700","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVE8062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combretastatin A4 Analogue AVE8062","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMBRABULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ombrabulin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ombrabulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0910081"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"181816-48-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"82JB1524Q6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600816"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H26N2O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Combretastatin_A4_Analogue_AVE8062"}]}}{"C88270":{"preferredName":"Omipalisib","code":"C88270","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule pyridylsulfonamide inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. Omipalisib binds to and inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, which may trigger the translocation of cytosolic Bax to the mitochondrial outer membrane, increasing mitochondrial membrane permeability and inducing apoptotic cell death. Bax is a member of the proapoptotic Bcl2 family of proteins. PI3K, often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, 2,4-Difluoro-N-(2-methoxy-5-(4-(4-pyridazinyl)-6-quinolinyl)-3-pyridinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2126458","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMIPALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Omipalisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Omipalisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981793"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1086062-66-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1X8F5A3NA0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655580"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655580"}]}}{"C85454":{"preferredName":"Onalespib","code":"C85454","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Onalespib selectively binds to Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding, stability and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2,4-Dihydroxy-5-isopropylphenyl)-(5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl)methanone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT 13387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT-13387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT13387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONALESPIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Onalespib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Onalespib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2975147"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"912999-49-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q7Y33N57ZZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642817"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642817"}]}}{"C129425":{"preferredName":"Onalespib Lactate","code":"C129425","definitions":[{"description":"The lactate form of onalespib, a synthetic, orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Onalespib selectively binds to Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding, stability and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AT-13387 Lactate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATI-13387A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATI-13387AU","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONALESPIB LACTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Onalespib Lactate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Onalespib Lactate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanoic Acid, 2-Hydroxy-, (2S)-, Compound with (1,3-Dihydro-5-((4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl)-2H-isoindol-2-yl)(2,4-dihydroxy-5-(1-methylethyl)phenyl)methanone (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512600"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1019889-35-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"66226JUH2I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C82348":{"preferredName":"Onartuzumab","code":"C82348","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monovalent monoclonal antibody directed against the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-MET monoclonal antibody MetMAb binds to the extracellular domain of c-Met, preventing the binding of its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF); the activation of the c-Met signaling pathway is thus inhibited, which may result in cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of a variety of cancer cell types and may play a key role in their proliferation, invasion and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-MET Monoclonal Antibody MetMAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MetMAb","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OA-5D5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONARTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Onartuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Onartuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRO 143966","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826110"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1133766-06-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MS1J9720WC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639516"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639516"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-MET_Monoclonal_Antibody_MetMAb"}]}}{"C74067":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic Adenovirus Ad5-DNX-2401","code":"C74067","definitions":[{"description":"An adenovirus serotype 5 strain, selectively replication competent in cells defective in the Rb/p16 tumor suppressor pathway, with potential oncolytic activity. Oncolytic adenovirus Ad5-DNX2401 contains an integrin binding RGD-4C motif, allowing Coxsackie adenovirus receptor-independent infection of tumor cells, which are often deficient for Coxsackie and adenovirus receptors (CARs). Selectively replication competent in cells that are defective in retinoblastoma gene (Rb) or cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2A (p16), active replication of oncolytic adenovirus Ad5-Delta 24RGD in tumor cells may induce oncolysis or cell lysis. As integral components of the late G1 restriction point, the Rb gene product and p16 are negative regulators of the cell cycle; ovarian cancer cells and non-small cell lung cancer cells may be defective in the Rb/p16 pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ad5-Delta24RGD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNX-2401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNX2401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Ad5-Delta 24RGD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenovirus Ad5-DNX-2401","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenovirus Ad5-DNX-2401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenovirus Ad5-Delta 24RGD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383850"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590711"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590711"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oncolytic_Ad5-Delta_24RGD"}]}}{"C162635":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 C134","code":"C162635","definitions":[{"description":"A neurovirulent, oncolytic second-generation, replication-competent, recombinant and genetically-engineered herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) where the gene for ICP34.5 has been deleted and the gene encoding the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), protein kinase R (PKR) evasion protein IRS1, with potential oncolytic and immunostimulating activities. Upon intratumoral administration, oncolytic HSV-1 C134 specifically infects and replicates within the rapidly dividing, glioma cells, thereby directly lysing tumor cells. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells, thereby further killing tumor cells. Tumor antigens released from the lysed tumor cells also activate the immune system to induce a tumor-specific systemic immune and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response, thereby killing nearby non-infected tumor cells. Deletion of the gene encoding for ICP34.5 imparts tumor selectivity by preventing replication in healthy cells. IRS1 expression allows the virus to replicate within tumors but limits viral spread.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C 134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C134-HSV-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRS-1 HSV C134","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 C134","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oHSV C134","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798723"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798723"}]}}{"C2676":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 G207","code":"C2676","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroattenuated, replication-competent, recombinant herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) with potential oncolytic activity. Upon intracerebral administration, oncolytic HSV-1 G207 preferentially replicates within glioma cells, which may elicit tumor-specific systemic immune and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in addition to direct cytopathic effects. Derived from wild-type HSV-1 strain F, this agent has been neuroattenuated by deletions in both copies of the gamma34.5 gene, the major determinant of HSV neurovirulence. In addition, the HSV-1 gene UL39, encoding the viral ribonucleotide reductase large subunit infected cell protein 6 (ICP6), has been inactivated through the insertion of the Escherichia coli lacZ gene. By inactivating UL39, viral ribonucleotide reductase activity is disrupted, resulting in the inhibition of nucleotide metabolism and viral DNA synthesis in nondividing cells but not in dividing cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"G207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 G207","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134718"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38634"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38634"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"G207"}]}}{"C2623":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 NV1020","code":"C2623","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically engineered oncolytic virus with potential antineoplastic property. NV1020 is constructed from the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) by the deletion of a single copy of the gamma (1)34.5 gene and the substitution of the UL23 region of the thymidine kinase (tk) gene with a DNA fragment from HSV-2, thereby resulting in a replication-competent, attenuated virus. This modified virus preferentially transfects rapidly dividing cells, which causes cell lysis in tumor cells. NV1020 has shown reduced virulence against normal tissues and a decreased neurovirulence in comparison with some other modified HSV strains.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NV1020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NV1020","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 NV1020","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935802"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38237"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38237"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"NV1020"}]}}{"C139551":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 rQNestin34.5v.2","code":"C139551","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroattenuated, replication-competent, recombinant and genetically-engineered herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), with potential oncolytic and immunostimulating activities. In rQNestin34.5v.2, the UL39 gene encoding for the viral ribonucleotide reductase large subunit infected cell protein 6 (ICP6) and both endogenous copies of the gamma34.5 gene that encodes for the RL1 neurovirulence protein infected cell protein 34.5 (ICP34.5), which is needed for robust viral growth in an infected cell, are deleted, and one copy of the gamma34.5 gene is reinserted under control of a nestin promoter, which is selectively activated in gliomas. Upon intratumoral administration, oncolytic HSV-1 rQNestin34.5v.2 preferentially infects and replicates within the rapidly dividing, glioma cells, thereby directly lysing tumor cells. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells, thereby further killing tumor cells. rQNestin34.5v.2 also elicits a tumor-specific systemic immune and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response, thereby killing nearby non-infected tumor cells. By inactivating UL39, viral ribonucleotide reductase activity is disrupted, resulting in the inhibition of nucleotide metabolism and viral DNA synthesis in non-dividing, healthy cells but not in dividing cells. Glioma-selective expression of ICP34.5 imparts tumor selectivity by preventing replication in healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genetically Engineered HSV-1 Virus rQNestin34.5v.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 rQNestin34.5v.2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 rQNestin34.5v.2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic rQNestin34.5v.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic rQNestin34.5v.2 HSV Virus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rQNestin34.5v.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526908"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C90563":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 rRp450","code":"C90563","definitions":[{"description":"A gene therapy agent containing an attenuated, replication-competent, genetically engineered mutant form of the Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) strain KOS with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infusion into the hepatic artery, oncolytic HSV-1 rRp450 replicates in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and exerts direct cytotoxic effects eventually disrupting cancer cell membranes and liberating progeny virions thereby infecting adjacent tumor cells. In addition, rRp450 expresses the cytochrome P450 transgene that activates oxazaphosphorines, such as cyclophosphamide (CPA). Therefore, CPA can become activated in the presence of rRp450 and exert its antineoplastic effect. rRp450 is deleted for the HSV-1 gene UL39, encoding the viral ribonucleotide reductase large subunit infected cell protein 6 (ICP6), thereby disrupting the activity of viral ribonucleotide reductase and resulting in the inhibition of nucleotide metabolism and viral DNA synthesis in nondividing cells but not in dividing cells. UL39 is replaced by the rat CYP2B1 gene, encoding a cytochrome P450 enzyme that activates oxazaphosphorines. rRp450 also expresses viral thymidine kinase, which activates the cancer prodrug ganciclovir.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 rRp450","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 rRp450","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rRp450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416247"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666906"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666906"}]}}{"C84840":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic HSV1716","code":"C84840","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroattenuated, replication-restricted, ICP34.5 deleted (RL1 gene)-mutant herpes simplex virus (HSV) type I, constructed from wild-type strain 17, with potential oncolytic activity. Upon intratumoral injection, oncolytic HSV1716 transfects, replicates in, and lyses rapidly dividing cells such as tumor cells. Because the RL1 gene is deleted, HSV1716 is unable to replicate in non-dividing cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HSV1716","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV1716","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV1716","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412391"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650036"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650036"}]}}{"C165457":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus MEDI5395","code":"C165457","definitions":[{"description":"An oncolytic viral agent containing the oncolytic, live-attenuated, replication-competent strain of the avian paramyxovirus Newcastle disease virus (NDV) that has been engineered to include a transgene encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration, MEDI5395 specifically infects and replicates in cancer cells. This may result in a direct cytotoxic effect involving the lysis of tumor cells via apoptotic mechanisms and may eventually lead to an inhibition of cancer cell proliferation through the increased production and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines which are able to recruit mediators of both the innate and adaptive immune responses. Additionally, the inclusion of the GM-CSF transgene in the viral construct leads to expression of GM-CSF, which may potentiate and strengthen the anti-tumor immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEDI 5395","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-5395","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI5395","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic NDV MEDI5395","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus MEDI5395","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus MEDI5395","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant NDV Expressing GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"recNDV(GM-CSF)","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799776"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799776"}]}}{"C91700":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus MTH-68H","code":"C91700","definitions":[{"description":"An oncolytic viral agent containing the oncolytic, live-attenuated strain of the paramyxovirus Newcastle disease virus (NDV), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, NDV MTH-68H specifically infects and replicates in cancer cells. This may result in a direct cytotoxic effect involving the lysis of tumor cells via apoptotic mechanisms and may eventually lead to an inhibition of cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MTH-68H","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic NDV MTH-68H","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus MTH-68H","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL422080"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257613"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257613"}]}}{"C2799":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus Strain PV701","code":"C2799","definitions":[{"description":"A virus that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of viruses that cause Newcastle disease in birds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An attenuated, replication-competent, oncolytic strain of Newcastle disease virus. PV701 selectively lyses tumor cells. The selectivity of this agent is related to defects in the interferon-mediated antiviral response found in tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus Strain PV701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PV701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV701","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"700553"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327815"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"258388"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"258388"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PV701"}]}}{"C161021":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic Virus ASP9801","code":"C161021","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered oncolytic virus with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intratumoral injection of ASP-9801, the oncolytic virus selectively targets and replicates in cancer cells without being able to infect and replicate in normal, healthy cells. This induces selective oncolytic virus-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells, which leads to cancer cell lysis. Following the lysis of infected cells, the replicated virus is released and can infect adjacent tumor cells, which both induces further tumor cell oncolysis and may activate the immune system to exert an anti-tumor immune response against the tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP 9801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-9801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP9801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Virus ASP9801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Virus ASP9801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798437"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798437"}]}}{"C158074":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic Virus RP1","code":"C158074","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically modified oncolytic viral strain of the herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) virus, with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the oncolytic virus RP1 specifically targets, infects and replicates in tumor cells only while not infecting normal, healthy cells. This induces tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells, thereby further killing tumor cells. The released tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) from the tumor cells activate the immune system to exert an anti-tumor immune response against the tumor cells, thereby further killing the tumor cells. The virus itself also elicits a tumor-specific systemic immune and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response, thereby killing nearby non-infected tumor cells. In RP1, ICP34.5 and 47 proteins of the HSV1 strain have been deleted; RP1 expresses a fusogenic protein for optimal tumor cell infection and killing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genetically Modified HSV-1 Oncolytic Immunotherapeutic RP1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSV-1 Engineered RP1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSV-1 Oncolytic Viral Strain RP1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSV-1 RP1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Virus RP1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Virus RP1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937703"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797350"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797350"}]}}{"C48007":{"preferredName":"Ondansetron Hydrochloride","code":"C48007","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to treat nausea and vomiting caused by cancer treatment. It is a type of serotonin receptor antagonist and a type of antiemetic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the racemic form of ondansetron, a carbazole derivative and a selective, competitive serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist with antiemetic activity. Although its mechanism of action has not been fully characterized, ondansetron appears to competitively block the action of serotonin at 5HT3 receptors peripherally in the gastrointestinal tract as well as centrally in the area postrema of the CNS, where the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) for vomiting is located, resulting in the suppression of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4H-Carbazol-4-one, 1,2,3,9-Tetrahydro-9-methyl-3-((2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)-, Monohydrochloride, (+-)-, Dihydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR 38032F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR-C507/75","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONDANSETRON HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ondansetron Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ondansetron Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN-307","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zofran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Zofran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Zofran","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ondansetron hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"665799"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700478"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"103639-04-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Nausea and vomiting prophylaxis, chemotherapy-induced and postoperative"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NMH84OZK2B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489533"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489533"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H19N3O.HCl.2H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ondansetron_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C82406":{"preferredName":"Ontuxizumab","code":"C82406","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against human endosialin/TEM1 (tumor endothelial marker;CD248) with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Ontuxizumab binds to and inhibits the activity of cell surface protein endosialin/TEM1, which may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Endosialin/TEM1 plays a key role in angiogenesis and may be overexpressed on tumor stromal cells and endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Protein TEM1 (Tumor Endothelial Marker 1)) (Human-Mouse Monoclonal MORAb-004 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mouse Monoclonal MORAb-004 kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORAb-004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONTUXIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ontuxizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ontuxizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826153"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946415-62-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0M2XT000YC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638168"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638168"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-Endosialin_Monoclonal_Antibody_MORAb-004"}]}}{"C143162":{"preferredName":"Onvansertib","code":"C143162","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) competitive inhibitor of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1; PLK-1; STPK13), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, onvansertib selectively binds to and inhibits PLK1, which disrupts mitosis and induces selective G2/M cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis in PLK1-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine kinase that is crucial for the regulation of mitosis, and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. PLK1 expression is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and high expression is associated with increased aggressiveness and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"'PLK1 Inhibitor PCM-075","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onvansertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Onvansertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCM 075","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCM-075","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PCM-075","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLK-1 Inhibitor PCM-075","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor PCM-075","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541611"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"67RM91WDHQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792149"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792149"}]}}{"C98278":{"preferredName":"Opaganib","code":"C98278","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, aryladamantane compound and selective inhibitor of sphingosine kinase-2 (SK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, opaganib competitively binds to and inhibits SK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of the pro-apoptotic amino alcohol sphingosine to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), the lipid mediator that is pro-survival and critical for immunomodulation. This may eventually lead to the induction of apoptosis and may result in an inhibition of cell proliferation in cancer cells overexpressing SK2. SK2 and its isoenzyme SK1 are overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Pyridinylmethyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl) Adamantane Carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABC 294640","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABC294640","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OPAGANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Opaganib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Opaganib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SK2 inhibitor ABC294640","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tricyclo(3.3.1.13,7)decane-1-carboxamide, 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-N-(4-pyridinylmethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yeliva","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2933331"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915385-81-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DRG21OQ517"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712053"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712053"}]}}{"C48413":{"preferredName":"Opioid Growth Factor","code":"C48413","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that relieves pain and is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Opioid growth factors bind to cells in the body, including tumor cells, which have opioid growth factor receptors on the surface. This may help stop the growth of the tumor cells. It may also prevent the growth of blood vessels that tumors need to grow. An opioid growth factor is a type of biological response modifier and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An endogenous pentapeptide with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Opioid growth factor (OGF) binds to and activates the OGF receptor, present on some tumor cells and vascular cells, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OGF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"OGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Opioid Growth Factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"opioid growth factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541553"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"428488"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"428488"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Opioid_Growth_Factor"}]}}{"C61307":{"preferredName":"Oportuzumab Monatox","code":"C61307","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of certain types of head and neck cancer. Anti-EpCAM-Pseudomonas-exotoxin fusion protein is made by linking a monoclonal antibody fragment to a toxic protein that may kill cancer cells. It binds to EpCAM (a protein on the surface of epithelial cells and some types of cancer cells).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fusion protein immunotoxin consisting of a humanized, single-chain monoclonal antibody fragment specific for the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) conjugated with a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin A with potential antineoplastic activity. Oportuzumab monatox binds to Ep-CAM-positive tumor cells, thereby delivering the Pseudomonas exotoxin A moiety specifically; the Pseudomonas exotoxin A moiety then inactivates elongation factor 2 (EF-2) through ADP ribosylation, resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis in target cells. EpCAM, a cell surface protein, is expressed by a variety of tumor cells and is frequently found in head and neck cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OPORTUZUMAB MONATOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oportuzumab Monatox","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oportuzumab Monatox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proxinium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Proxinium","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VB4 845","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VB4-845","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VB4-845","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vicinium","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-EpCAM-Pseudomonas-exotoxin fusion protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831819"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"945228-48-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"advanced, recurrent head and neck cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"945CY7ZMI2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485164"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485164"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-EpCAM-Pseudomonas-exotoxin_Fusion_Protein"}]}}{"C91388":{"preferredName":"Oprozomib","code":"C91388","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable proteasome inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Proteasome inhibitor ONX 0912 inhibits the activity of the proteasome, thereby blocking the targeted proteolysis normally performed by the proteasome; this may result in an accumulation of unwanted or misfolded proteins. Disruption of various cell signaling pathways may follow, eventually leading to the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor growth. Proteasomes are large protease complexes that degrade unneeded or damaged proteins that have been ubiquitinated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"O-methyl-N-((2-methylthiazol-5-yl)carbonyl)-l-seryl-O-methyl-N-((1S)-1-benzyl-2-((2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl)-l-serinamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OPROZOMIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oprozomib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oprozomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-047","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proteasome Inhibitor ONX 0912","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2976183"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"935888-69-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MZ37792Y8J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674605"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674605"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H32N4O7S"}]}}{"C99763":{"preferredName":"Oral Aminolevulinic Acid Hydrochloride","code":"C99763","definitions":[{"description":"A powder for an oral solution comprised of the hydrochloride salt of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) with a potential application for photodynamic therapy. After oral administration, ALA is converted intracellularly into the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Upon exposure to light of appropriate wavelength (violet to blue range), excited PpIX emits a characteristic red fluorescence which could facilitate guided resection, and generates excited singlet oxygen molecules that could kill cells when appropriate laser dosage is applied. ALA is preferentially taken up by and accumulates in many types of cancer cells compared to normal, healthy cells. Consequently, cancer cells can be visualized and can be distinguished from normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Aminolevulinic Acid Hydrochloride, Oral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleolan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliolan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral 5-ALA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral ALA HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Aminolevulinic Acid Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oral Aminolevulinic Acid Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433488"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adjunct for the visualization of malignant tissue (glioma) during surgery"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"723865"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"723865"}]}}{"C118288":{"preferredName":"Oral Azacitidine","code":"C118288","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable formulation of azacitidine, a pyrimidine nucleoside analogue of cytidine, with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, azacitidine is taken up by cells and metabolized to 5-azadeoxycitidine triphosphate. The incorporation of 5-azadeoxycitidine triphosphate into DNA reversibly inhibits DNA methyltransferase, and blocks DNA methylation. Hypomethylation of DNA by azacitidine may re-activate tumor suppressor genes previously silenced by hypermethylation, resulting in an antitumor effect. In addition, the incorporation of 5-azacitidine triphosphate into RNA disrupts normal RNA function and impairs tRNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase activity, resulting in an inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-486","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Azacitidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474140"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764239"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764239"}]}}{"C159540":{"preferredName":"Oral Cancer Vaccine V3-OVA","code":"C159540","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available cancer vaccine composed of autologous ovarian cancer antigens obtained from hydrolyzed, inactivated blood and tumor tissue of patients with ovarian cancer, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of the oral cancer vaccine V3-OVA, the ovarian cancer antigens stimulate the immune system and activate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against ovarian cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Vaccine V3-OVA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Cancer Vaccine V3-OVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tableted Vaccine V3-OVA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3 OVA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3-OVA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3OVA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797490"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797490"}]}}{"C131903":{"preferredName":"Oral Docetaxel","code":"C131903","definitions":[{"description":"An oral proprietary P-glycoprotein (P-gp) pump inhibitor-based formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semisynthetic analogue of paclitaxel, and a P-gp pump inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of oral docetaxel, the P-gp pump inhibitor moiety, which is not absorbed, binds to the P-gp pump in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and prevents the P-gp pump-mediated efflux of docetaxel from cells the docetaxel has been internalized by back into the GI tract. This decreases P-gp-mediated excretion and enhances absorption of docetaxel. Upon absorption, docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizes tubulin and inhibits microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. The P-gp pump inhibitor enhances the bioavailability of certain poorly bioavailable agents and thereby allows oral administration of those agents. P-gp, an efflux membrane transporter, plays a key role in active drug export, and prevents cellular uptake and accumulation of certain substances.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Docetaxel-P-glycoprotein Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-P-gp Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oradoxel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Docetaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521226"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786271"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786271"}]}}{"C64338":{"preferredName":"Oral Fludarabine Phosphate","code":"C64338","definitions":[{"description":"An oral formulation of the phosphate salt of fludarabine, a synthetic purine nucleoside analogue antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. Fudarabine is preferentially transported into malignant cells and metabolized by deoxycytidine kinase to its active form, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP; 2-fluoro-ara-ATP competes directly with deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) and inhibits alpha DNA polymerase, RNA reductase, and DNA primase, which may result in inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fludara Oral","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Fludarabine Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831839"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486428"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486428"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oral_Fludarabine_Phosphate"}]}}{"C78843":{"preferredName":"Oral Hsp90 Inhibitor IPI-493","code":"C78843","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable formulation of the ansamycin derivative 17-amino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AG) with potential antineoplastic activity. Oral Hsp90 inhibitor IPI-493 binds to and inhibits Hsp90, which may result the in growth inhibition in sensitive tumor cell populations. Hsp90, a 90 kDa molecular chaperone, may be highly expressed in tumor cells, playing a key role in the conformational maturation, stability and function of other substrate or \"client\" proteins within the cell; many of these client proteins are involved in signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, and may include kinases, transcription factors and hormone receptors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-Aminodemethoxygeldanamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Aminogeldanamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor IPI-493","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-493","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Hsp90 Inhibitor IPI-493","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oral Hsp90 Inhibitor IPI-493","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"255109"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703137"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610131"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610131"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hsp90_Inhibitor_IPI-493"}]}}{"C63478":{"preferredName":"Oral Ixabepilone","code":"C63478","definitions":[{"description":"An enteric-coated formulation of ixabepilone, a semisynthetic analogue of epothilone B and a non-taxane tubulin inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity. Ixabepilone binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with the dynamics of microtubule assembly/disassembly. This results in cell cycle arrest at the G2-M phase and leads to apoptosis within fast growing tumor cells. This agent demonstrates antineoplastic activity against taxane-resistant cell lines. Compared to intravenously administered ixabepilone, the oral formulation provides a more manageable way to administer this agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Ixabepilone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL415081"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486610"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486610"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oral_Ixabepilone"}]}}{"C71132":{"preferredName":"Oral Microencapsulated Diindolylmethane","code":"C71132","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable microencapsulated formulation of diindolylmethane, an indole phytonutrient found in cruciferous vegetables, with estrogen-modulating, antiandrogenic, and potential antineoplastic activities. As a dimer of indole-3-carbinol, diindolylmethane (DIM) modulates estrogen balance by reducing the levels of 16-hydroxy estrogen metabolites and increasing the formation of beneficial 2-hydroxy estrogen metabolites. DIM also antagonizes androgen receptor activity, which may result in diminished cell proliferation and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations. Pure DIM, which is relatively hydrophobic, is poorly absorbed after oral administration. This oral formulation, which consists of DIM, d-alpha-tocopheryl acid succinate, phosphatidylcholine, and silica microencapsulated in starch, significantly improves the gastrointestinal absorption of DIM.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BR-DIM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BioResponse DIM","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Microencapsulated Diindolylmethane","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oral Microencapsulated Diindolylmethane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL377701"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577331"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577331"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oral_Microencapsulated_Diindolylmethane"}]}}{"C77880":{"preferredName":"Oral Milataxel","code":"C77880","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable taxane with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, milataxel and its major active metabolite M-10 bind to and stabilize tubulin, resulting in the inhibition of microtubule depolymerization and cell division, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Unlike other taxane compounds, milataxel appears to be a poor substrate for the multidrug resistance (MDR) membrane-associated P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump and may be useful for treating multidrug-resistant tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Milataxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL-00139","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL139","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387339"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"597742"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"597742"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oral_Milataxel"}]}}{"C158745":{"preferredName":"Oral Myoma Vaccine V3-myoma","code":"C158745","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available therapeutic myoma vaccine containing pooled antigens derived from hydrolyzed, inactivated blood and tumor tissue samples from patients with uterine myoma, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, V3-myoma may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated response against cells expressing myoma-associated antigens. This may reduce the myoma growth and improve myoma-related symptoms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Myoma Vaccine V3-myoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3 Myoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3 Myoma Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3-myoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3-myoma Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797410"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797410"}]}}{"C150400":{"preferredName":"Oral Pancreatic Cancer Vaccine V3-P","code":"C150400","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of the carbohydrate antigen sialyl-Lewis A (carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA19.9; CA19-9) that is derived from pooled blood of pancreatic cancer patients, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon oral administration of the oral pancreatic cancer vaccine V3-P, the CA19.9 antigens may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against pancreatic cancer cells expressing the CA19.9 antigen. CA19.9 is overexpressed on a number of different tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell survival and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Vaccine V3-P","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Pancreatic Cancer Vaccine V3-P","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Tableted Therapeutic Vaccine V3-P","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3 P","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3-P","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3-P Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3P","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552151"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792852"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792852"}]}}{"C68924":{"preferredName":"Oral Picoplatin","code":"C68924","definitions":[{"description":"An oral preparation of picoplatin, a third generation platinum compound with antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome platinum drug resistance, picoplatin alkylates DNA, forming both inter- and intra-strand cross-linkages, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and RNA transcription and the induction of apoptosis. Because of the increase in steric bulk around the platinum center, there is a relative reduction in the inactivation of picoplatin by thiol-containing species such as glutathione and metallothionein in comparison to cisplatin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Picoplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picoplatin (Oral)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL374343"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551562"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551562"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oral_Picoplatin"}]}}{"C67083":{"preferredName":"Oral Sodium Phenylbutyrate","code":"C67083","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active derivative of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate with potential antineoplastic activity. 4-Phenylbutyrate inhibits histone deacetylase, resulting in cell cycle gene expression modulation, reduced cell proliferation, increased cell differentiation, and apoptosis. This agent also initiates fragmentation of genomic DNA, resulting in decreased DNA synthesis and the inhibition of tumor cell migration and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Sodium Phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oral Sodium Phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1882164"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41827"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41827"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oral_Sodium_Phenylbutyrate"}]}}{"C63477":{"preferredName":"Oral Topotecan Hydrochloride","code":"C63477","definitions":[{"description":"An oral formulation of the hydrochloride salt of topotecan, a semisynthetic derivative of the quinoline alkaloid camptothecin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Topotecan selectively inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during the S phase of the cell cycle, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-10-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-4-ethyl-4,9-dihydroxy-1H-pyrano[3',4'; 6,7] indolizino[1,2-b] quinoline-3,14-(4H,12H)-dione monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Hycamtin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Topotecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oral Topotecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831879"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489122"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489122"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oral_Topotecan_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1884":{"preferredName":"Orantinib","code":"C1884","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. SU6668 binds to and inhibits the autophosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cell proliferation. SU6668 also inhibits the phosphorylation of the stem cell factor receptor tyrosine kinase c-kit, often expressed in acute myelogenous leukemia cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(2,4-Dimethyl-5-((2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)propionic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORANTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Orantinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Orantinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orantinibum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SU 6668","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"SU006668","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SU6668","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SU6668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sugen SU6668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSU 68","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"702827"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0960373"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"252916-29-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9RL37ZZ665"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38421"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38421"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H18N2O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SU6668"}]}}{"C112000":{"preferredName":"Oraxol","code":"C112000","definitions":[{"description":"A combination formulation composed of a capsule containing the taxane compound paclitaxel and a tablet containing the multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor HM30181A, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of oraxol, the HM30181A moiety binds to and inhibits P-gp, which prevents P-gp-mediated efflux of paclitaxel, therefore enhancing its oral bioavailability. In turn, paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes microtubules, preventing their depolymerization, which results in the inhibition of cellular motility, mitosis, and replication. Altogether, this may result in greater intracellular concentration of paclitaxel, and enhanced cytotoxicity against tumor cells, when compared to the administration of paclitaxel alone. P-gp, encoded by the MDR-1 gene, is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily of transmembrane transporters; it prevents the intestinal uptake and intracellular accumulation of various cytotoxic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oraxol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oraxol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel-HM30181 Methanesulfonate Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel/HM30181A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454289"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754236"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754236"}]}}{"C1784":{"preferredName":"Oregovomab","code":"C1784","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of ovarian cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Oregovomab binds to the CA-125 antigen, which is found on most ovarian cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody that attaches to the tumor-associated antigen CA125. Vaccination with monoclonal antibody B43.13 may stimulate a host cytotoxic immune response against tumor cells that express CA125. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B43.13","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb B43.13","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody B43.13","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OREGOVOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oregovomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oregovomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OvaRex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"OvaRex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OvaRex Monoclonal Antibody B43.13","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oregovomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0664207"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"213327-37-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Epithelial ovarian cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HX101E7L6S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43251"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43251"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_B43_13"}]}}{"C1250":{"preferredName":"Ormaplatin","code":"C1250","definitions":[{"description":"A platinum(IV) analogue with antineoplastic activity. Ormaplatin alkylates DNA, forming both inter- and intra-strand platinum-DNA crosslinks, which result in inhibition of DNA replication and transcription and cell-cycle nonspecific cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ORMAPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ormaplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum, tetrachloro(1,2-cyclohexanediamine-N,N')-, (OC-6-22-(trans))-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tetraplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tetraplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tetrachloro(1,2-cyclohexanediamine-N,N')-, (OC-6-22-(trans))Platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"363812"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076329"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"62816-98-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SFK1SGY8V1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41211"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41211"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H14N2.4Cl.Pt"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ormaplatin"}]}}{"C1867":{"preferredName":"Ortataxel","code":"C1867","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called taxanes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic, second-generation taxane derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Ortataxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with the dynamics of microtubule assembly/disassembly. This results in the inhibition of cell division and cellular proliferation. As it represents a poor substrate for P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multi-drug resistance protein (MRP-1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) mediated efflux, ortataxel modulates multi-drug resistance mechanisms and may be useful for treating multi-drug resistant tumors that express Pgp, MRP-1 and BCRP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3aS,4R,5E,7R,8aS,9S,10aR,12aS,12bR,13S,13aS)-7,12a-Bis(acetyloxy)-13-(benzoyloxy)-9-hydroxy-5,8a,14,14-tetramethyl-2,8-dioxo-3a,4,7,8,8a,9,10,10a,12,12a,12b,13-dodecahydro-6,13a-methano-13aH-oxeto(2',3':5',6')benzo(1',2':4,5)cyclodeca(1,2-d)-1,3-dioxol-4-yl(2R,3S)-3-(((1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl)amino)-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexanoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 59-8862","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BAY59-8862","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bay 59-8862","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDN5109","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORTATAXEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ortataxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-T-101131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527103"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"186348-23-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8H61Y4E29N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38635"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Orataxel"}]}}{"C90582":{"preferredName":"Orteronel","code":"C90582","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable non-steroidal androgen synthesis inhibitor of steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase (17,20 lyase) with potential antiandrogen activity. TAK-700 binds to and inhibits the steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase in both the testes and adrenal glands, thereby inhibiting androgen production. This may decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling and may inhibit cell proliferation of androgen-dependent tumor cells. The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17A1 (P450C17), localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), exhibits both 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities, and plays a key role in the steroidogenic pathway that produces steroidal hormones, such as progestins, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-((7S)-7-hydroxy-6,7-dihydro-5h-pyrrolo(1,2-c)imidazol-7-yl)-N-methyl-2-naphthalenecarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Synthesis Inhibitor TAK-700","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYP17A1 Lyase Inhibitor TAK-700","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORTERONEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Orteronel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Orteronel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-700","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983781"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"566939-85-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UE5K2FNS92"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583018"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583018"}]}}{"C131535":{"preferredName":"Osilodrostat","code":"C131535","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both steroid 11beta-hydroxylase (cytochrome P450 (CYP) 11B1) and aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2; steroid 18-hydroxylase), with potential anti-adrenal activity and ability to treat Cushing disease (CD). Upon administration, osilodrostat binds to and inhibits the activity of CYP11B1, the enzyme that catalyzes the final step of cortisol synthesis from the precursor 11-deoxycortisol, and CYP11B2, the enzyme that catalyzes aldosterone synthesis from corticosterone and 11-deoxycorticosterone in the adrenal gland. The inhibition of CYP11B1 prevents the production of excess cortisol, thereby decreasing and normalizing the levels of cortisol. CD is most often caused by an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-4-(6,7-Dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazol-5-yl)-3-fluorobenzonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCI 699","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCI-699","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCI699","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSILODROSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Osilodrostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Osilodrostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2976005"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"928134-65-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5YL4IQ1078"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786177"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786177"}]}}{"C116377":{"preferredName":"Osimertinib","code":"C116377","definitions":[{"description":"A third-generation, orally available, irreversible, mutant-selective, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, osimertinib covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of mutant forms of EGFR, including the T790M EGFR mutant, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. AZD9291 preferentially inhibits mutated forms of EGFR including T790M, a secondarily-acquired resistance mutation, and may have enhanced anti-tumor effects in tumors with T790M-mediated resistance when compared to other EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. As this agent is selective towards mutant forms of EGFR, its toxicity profile may be reduced when compared to non-selective EGFR inhibitors which also inhibit wild-type EGFR.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenamide, N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)methylamino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-9291","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD9291","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mereletinib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSIMERTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Osimertinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Osimertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tagrisso","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896906"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1421373-65-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3C06JJ0Z2O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747632"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747632"}]}}{"C74006":{"preferredName":"Otlertuzumab","code":"C74006","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant single-chain polypeptide engineered to exhibit the full binding and activity of an anti-CD37 monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Otlertuzumab binds to CD37 on B-cells, which may result in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and apoptosis. CD37 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed at high-levels on B cells and to a lesser extent on T cells and myeloid cells. This agent may have a longer half-life in vivo than conventional monoclonal antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin, Anti-(Human CD Antigen CD37) (Synthetic Human-Mus Musculus Fragment TRU-016), Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OTLERTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Otlertuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Otlertuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRU 016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRU-016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346800"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1372645-37-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2MZ3L2664T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589521"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589521"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD37_Single-Chain_Polypeptide_TRU-016"}]}}{"C113651":{"preferredName":"Ovapuldencel-T","code":"C113651","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with autologous, lethally irradiated cancer cells and mixed with the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, ovapuldencel-T may stimulate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against the repertoire of tumor associated antigens (TAAs) found in the irradiated cancer cells. GM-CSF enhances the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and promotes antigen presentation to both B- and T-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovapuldencel-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458364"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756846"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756846"}]}}{"C96739":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Cancer Stem Cell/hTERT/Survivin mRNAs-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine DC-006","code":"C96739","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing autologous dendritic cells (DCs) that are transfected with mRNAs extracted from amplified ovarian cancer stem cells, and mRNAs of the universal tumor antigens human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and survivin with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ovarian cancer stem cell/hTERT/survivin mRNAs-loaded autologous DC-006 vaccine may elicit a highly specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against ovarian cancer cells expressing hTERT, survivin, and specific ovarian cancer stem cell antigens. hTERT, the catalytic subunit of human telomerase, and survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family of proteins, may be upregulated in certain tumor cell types, playing key roles in tumor cell growth and survival. Ovarian cancer stem cells contain a specific range of antigens that are essential for the neoplastic growth and survival of ovarian cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DC-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DC-006 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Cancer Stem Cell/hTERT/Survivin mRNAs-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine DC-006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429364"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699229"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699229"}]}}{"C2350":{"preferredName":"Ovine Submaxillary Mucin","code":"C2350","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally occurring mucin glycoprotein. Ovine submaxillary mucin (OSM), extracted from an ovine submaxillary gland, provides a rich source of the sialylated Tn antigen (sTn), which is a carbohydrate antigen found on mucins of many epithelial tumors. Vaccination with OSM may result in the production of antibodies as well as elicitation of a cytotoxic T- lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing sTn, thereby results in decreased tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovine Sialomucin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovine Submaxillary Mucin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279238"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39375"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39375"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ovine_Submaxillary_Mucin"}]}}{"C118283":{"preferredName":"OxPhos Inhibitor VLX600","code":"C118283","definitions":[{"description":"A lipophilic cation-based triazinoindolyl-hydrazone compound and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infusion, in normal cells and proliferating tumor cells where glucose is readily available, inhibition of OxPhos by VLX600 induces a hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1alpha)-dependent shift to, and an increase in glycolysis. Glycolysis alone does not produce enough energy to support the growth of tumor cells in this environment, and the induction of autophagy occurs. In the metabolically compromised tumor microenvironment, the availability of oxygen and glucose is limited due to poor vascularization and perfusion of tumor micro-areas. Tumor cells growing in this environment are thus unable to compensate for decreased mitochondrial function by increasing glycolysis. This leads to nutrient depletion, decreased energy production, induction of autophagy, tumor cell death and an inhibition of cell proliferation in quiescent tumor cells. Mitochondrial OxPhos, which is hyperactivated in cancer cells, plays a key role in the promotion of cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Pyridinyl)ethanone(6-methyl-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3-yl)hydrazone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OxPhos Inhibitor VLX600","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VLX-600","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474135"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764234"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764234"}]}}{"C1181":{"preferredName":"Oxaliplatin","code":"C1181","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used with other drugs to treat colorectal cancer that is advanced or has come back. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Eloxatin attaches to DNA in cells and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of platinum compound.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An organoplatinum complex in which the platinum atom is complexed with 1,2-diaminocyclohexane (DACH) and with an oxalate ligand as a 'leaving group.' A 'leaving group' is an atom or a group of atoms that is displaced as a stable species taking with it the bonding electrons. After displacement of the labile oxalate ligand leaving group, active oxaliplatin derivatives, such as monoaquo and diaquo DACH platinum, alkylate macromolecules, forming both inter- and intra-strand platinum-DNA crosslinks, which result in inhibition of DNA replication and transcription and cell-cycle nonspecific cytotoxicity. The DACH side chain appears to inhibit alkylating-agent resistance. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-OHP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-OHP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ai Heng","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aiheng","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACPLAT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dacotin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dacplat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diaminocyclohexane Oxalatoplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELOXATIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Eloxatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Eloxatin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eloxatine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JM-83","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OXALIPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oxalatoplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oxalatoplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxalatoplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oxalatoplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxaliplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oxaliplatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oxaliplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP 54780","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"RP-54780","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR-96669","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[(1R,-2R)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine-N,N'][oxalato (2--)-O,O']platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[SP-4-2-(1R-trans)]-(1,2,cyclohexanediamine-N,N')[ethanedioato(2--)-O,O']platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oxalato (1R,2R-cyclohexanediamine)platinum(II)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oxalato (trans-l-1,2-diaminocyclohexane)platinum(II)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oxaliplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"trans-l DACH oxalatoplatinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"trans-l diaminocyclohexane oxalatoplatinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"266046"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0069717"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"61825-94-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Metastatic colorectal cancer; ovarian cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"04ZR38536J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42374"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42374"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H14N2O4Pt"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oxaliplatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31941"}]}}{"C91074":{"preferredName":"Oxaliplatin-Encapsulated Transferrin-Conjugated N-glutaryl Phosphatidylethanolamine Liposome","code":"C91074","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle formulation containing N-glutaryl phosphatidylethanolamine (NGPE)-liposomes encapsulating oxaliplatin and conjugated to the human transferrin (Tf) ligand, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infusion of oxaliplatin-encapsulated transferrin-conjugated NGPE liposomes, the transferrin moiety targets and binds to the Tf receptor, which is overexpressed on a variety of human cancer cells. Upon binding and internalization, oxaliplatin is released and its active derivatives alkylate macromolecules, forming both inter- and intra-strand platinum-DNA crosslinks, which results in an inhibition of DNA replication and transcription. By extending the circulation time and specifically targeting transferrin receptors, this formulation may improve the efficacy and safety of oxaliplatin therapy, compared to administration of oxaliplatin alone. NGPE, a reactive phospholipid, is used as a linker to attach the Tf ligand, to the liposome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MBP-426","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxaliplatin-Encapsulated Tf-Conjugated NGPE-Liposome","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxaliplatin-Encapsulated Transferrin-Conjugated N-glutaryl Phosphatidylethanolamine Liposome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oxaliplatin-Encapsulated Transferrin-Conjugated N-glutaryl Phosphatidylethanolamine Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416281"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"669661"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"669661"}]}}{"C47643":{"preferredName":"Oxcarbazepine","code":"C47643","definitions":[{"description":"A dibenzazepine carboxamide derivative with an anticonvulsant property. As a prodrug, oxcarbazepine is converted to its active metabolite, 10-monohydroxy. Although the mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated, electrophysiological studies indicate this agent blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, thereby stabilizing hyper-excited neural membranes, inhibiting repetitive neuronal firing, and decreasing the propagation of synaptic impulses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"10,11-Dihydro-10-oxo-5H-dibenz(b,f)azepine-5-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OXCARBAZEPINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oxcarbazepine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oxcarbazepine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trileptal","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0069751"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"28721-07-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VZI5B1W380"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758784"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758784"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H12N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oxcarbazepine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7824"}]}}{"C132271":{"preferredName":"Oxeclosporin","code":"C132271","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cyclo(((2S,3R,4R,6E)-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-(methylamino)-6-octenoyl)-L-2-aminobutyryl-N-methylglycyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-L-valyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-L-alanyl-O-(2-hydroxyethyl)-D-seryl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-N-methyl-L-valyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclosporin A, 2-(O-(2-hydroxyethyl)-D-serine)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OXECLOSPORIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oxeclosporin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0170835"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"135548-15-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R7988D03JM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C130012":{"preferredName":"Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IACS-010759","code":"C130012","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the OxPhos inhibitor IACS-010759, this agent binds to and inhibits complex I of the electron transport chain (NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase), thereby selectively depriving tumor cells of nutrients, and energy, and inhibiting nucleotide and amino acid production, which induces autophagy, causes tumor cell death and inhibits cell proliferation. Mitochondrial complex I, which is hyperactivated in cancer cells to meet their increased demands for energy, plays a key role in the promotion of cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IACS-010759","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OXPHOS Inhibitor IACS-010759","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IACS-010759","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IACS-010759","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513977"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784867"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784867"}]}}{"C153372":{"preferredName":"Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IM156","code":"C153372","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable biguanide compound and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, IM156 inhibits oxidative phosphorylation, decreases mitochondrial function, prevents tumor cell metabolism and deprives tumor cells of energy, thereby preventing tumor cell proliferation. Mitochondrial OxPhos is overactivated in cancer cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. Drug resistant tumor cells are very susceptible to decreased mitochondrial OxPhos as they cannot easily compensate for the decrease in mitochondrial function by increasing glycolysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IM 156","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IM-156","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IM156","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IM156","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OxPhos Inhibitor IM156","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IM156","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554528"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793779"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793779"}]}}{"C1316":{"preferredName":"Oxidopamine","code":"C1316","definitions":[{"description":"An antagonist of the neurotransmitter dopamine with potential antineoplastic activity. 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-HOD) can be taken up by selective adrenergic terminals, thereby causing acute degeneration of adrenergic terminals that leads to depletion of norepinephrine, and of dopamine in the dopamine-sensitive sites. This agent is auto-oxidated at physiological pH that leads to the formation of reactive free radicals, thereby leading to cytotoxicity in neural cells. 6-Hydroxydopamine is often used to induce CNS and sympathetic neural lesions that model aging and various nervous disorders in animal systems.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4,5-Trihydroxyphenethylamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2,4-benzenetriol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"5-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2,4-benzenetriol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Hydroxydopamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-OHDA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OXIDOPAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oxidopamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oxidopamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"2511086"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"233898"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085196"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1199-18-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8HW4YBZ748"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41295"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41295"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H11NO3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_6-Hydroxydopamine"}]}}{"C95214":{"preferredName":"Ozarelix","code":"C95214","definitions":[{"description":"A highly modified, fourth generation linear decapeptide with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH or LHRH) antagonizing properties. Ozarelix competitively binds to and blocks the gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor in the anterior pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting the secretion and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the release of testosterone. As a result, this may relieve symptoms associated with hormonally dependent disease states such as hormone-dependent prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D 63153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-63 153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D63 153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D63153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LHRH antagonist SPI-153","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OZARELIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ozarelix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPI-153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987000"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"295350-45-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q1IF8M2YL3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690937"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690937"}]}}{"C121456":{"preferredName":"Atuveciclib","code":"C121456","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb), which is composed of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) and cyclin-T (CycT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, atuveciclib binds to and inhibits the activity of P-TEFb, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of its downstream target, the carboxyl terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II), and inhibiting the activation of transcriptional elongation by RNA Pol II. This prevents the transcription of tumor promoting genes, induces tumor cell apoptosis, and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. P-TEFb plays an important role in the regulation of gene transcription; over-activation in cancer cells leads to both the transcription of key tumor-promoting genes and cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3,5-Triazin-2-amine, 4-(4-Fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-N-(3-((S-methylsulfonimidoyl)methyl)phenyl)-, (+)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATUVECICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atuveciclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Atuveciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1143572","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1143572","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471744"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1414943-94-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"63Q7F59W0V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C91723":{"preferredName":"P-cadherin Antagonist PF-03732010","code":"C91723","definitions":[{"description":"An agent that inhibits P-cadherin (cdh3), with potential antineoplastic activity. PF-03732010 binds to and inhibits the activity of p-cadherin. Inhibition of the activity of p-cadherin may inhibit tumor cell invasion and proliferation in p-cadherin expressing tumor cells. P-cadherin, a cell-surface protein and member of the cadherin family, is overexpressed in a variety of solid tumors, and plays a role in cell adhesion, motility, invasion and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"P-cadherin Antagonist PF-03732010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-03732010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3179737"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580366"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580366"}]}}{"C121216":{"preferredName":"P-cadherin Inhibitor PCA062","code":"C121216","definitions":[{"description":"An agent that inhibits p-cadherin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, PCA062 binds to and inhibits the activity of p-cadherin. Inhibition of the activity of p-cadherin may inhibit both invasion and proliferation of p-cadherin expressing tumor cells. P-cadherin, a cell-surface protein and member of the cadherin family, is overexpressed in a variety of tumors and plays a role in cell adhesion, motility, invasion, and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"P-CAD Inhibitor PCA062","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-cadherin Antagonist PCA062","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-cadherin Inhibitor PCA062","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"P-cadherin Inhibitor PCA062","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCA062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053579"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769816"}]}}{"C125607":{"preferredName":"P-cadherin-targeting Agent PF-06671008","code":"C125607","definitions":[{"description":"An agent that targets p-cadherin (CDH3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PF-06671008 binds to and inhibits the activity of p-cadherin; this may inhibit both invasion and proliferation of p-cadherin expressing tumor cells. P-cadherin, a cell-surface protein and member of the cadherin family, is overexpressed in a variety of tumors and plays a role in cell adhesion, motility, invasion, and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"P-cadherin-targeting Agent PF-06671008","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"P-cadherin-targeting Agent PF-06671008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06671008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PF-06671008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504311"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2GWZ8HN70W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778591"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778591"}]}}{"C113293":{"preferredName":"P-p68 Inhibitor RX-5902","code":"C113293","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of phosphorylated-p68 RNA helicase (P-p68), with potential anti-proliferative and antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, P-p68 inhibitor RX-5902 may both inhibit the activity of the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein and facilitate the induction of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21). This may prevent G2/M cell cycle progression and lead to growth inhibition in tumor cells. P-p68 is overexpressed in various types of solid tumors but absent in normal tissues, and plays a role in tumor progression and metastasis. p21 is a potent cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor which regulates cell cycle progression and mediates both growth arrest and cellular senescence.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"P-p68 Inhibitor RX-5902","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"P-p68 Inhibitor RX-5902","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RX-5902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supinoxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827081"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755944"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755944"}]}}{"C84841":{"preferredName":"PAK4 Inhibitor PF-03758309","code":"C84841","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) with potential antineoplastic activity. PAK4 inhibitor PF-03758309 binds to PAK4, inhibiting PAK4 activity and cancer cell growth. PAK4, a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the p21-activated kinase (PAK) family, is often upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in cancer cell motility, proliferation, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PAK4 Inhibitor PF-03758309","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PAK4 Inhibitor PF-03758309","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-03758309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412392"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650124"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650124"}]}}{"C126646":{"preferredName":"PAK4/NAMPT Inhibitor KPT-9274","code":"C126646","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both the serine/threonine kinase P21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-synthesizing enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT; NAMPRTase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, KPT-9274 allosterically binds to, destabilizes and causes degradation of PAK4. This inhibits PAK4-mediated signaling, induces cell death in, and inhibits the proliferation of PAK4-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, KPT-9274 binds to and inhibits the activity of NAMPT. This depletes cellular NAD and inhibits NAD-dependent enzymes, both of which are needed for rapid cell proliferation; this results in tumor cell death in NAMPT-overexpressing cancer cells. PAK4, a serine/threonine kinase and member of the PAK family of proteins upregulated in various cancer cell types, regulates cell motility, proliferation and survival. NAMPT, an enzyme that is responsible for maintaining the intracellular NAD pool, plays a key role in the regulation of cellular metabolism and has cytokine-like activities. NAMPT is often overexpressed in a variety of cancers and metabolic disorders and tumor cells rely on NAMPT activity for their NAD supply.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KCP-9274","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KPT-9274","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAK4/NAMPT Inhibitor KPT-9274","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PAK4/NAMPT Inhibitor KPT-9274","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503763"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779707"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779707"}]}}{"C154560":{"preferredName":"PARP 1/2 Inhibitor NOV1401","code":"C154560","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, NOV1401 selectively binds to PARP-1 and -2, thereby preventing PARP-1 and -2-mediated DNA repair. This promotes genetic instability and enhances the accumulation of single and double strand DNA breaks, ultimately leading to apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins and is activated by single-strand DNA (ssDNA) breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PARP 1/2 Inhibitor NOV1401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555354"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794354"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794354"}]}}{"C95201":{"preferredName":"PARP Inhibitor AZD2461","code":"C95201","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential antineoplastic activity. PARP inhibitor AZD2461 selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair of single strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA and is activated by single-strand DNA breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD2461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor AZD2461","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986988"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690473"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690473"}]}}{"C84880":{"preferredName":"PARP Inhibitor CEP-9722","code":"C84880","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule prodrug of CEP-8983, a novel 4-methoxy-carbazole inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration and conversion from CEP-9722, CEP-8983 selectively binds to PARP 1 and 2, preventing repair of damaged DNA via base excision repair (BER). This agent enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and apoptosis. CEP-8983 may potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell chemo- and radioresistance. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA and can be activated by single strand breaks in DNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEP-9722","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor CEP-9722","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor CEP-9722","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827554"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649505"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649505"}]}}{"C91387":{"preferredName":"PARP Inhibitor E7016","code":"C91387","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential chemo- and/or radiosensitizing activity. PARP inhibitor E7016 selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP mediated DNA repair of single strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. In addition, this agent may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA and is activated by single-strand DNA breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E7016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor E7016","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor E7016","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421589"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674406"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674406"}]}}{"C96795":{"preferredName":"PARP-1/2 Inhibitor ABT-767","code":"C96795","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ABT-767 selectively binds to PARP 1 and 2, thereby preventing repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway. This agent enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability eventually leading to apoptosis. ABT-767 may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell chemo- and radioresistance. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA and can be activated by single strand DNA (ssDNA) breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-767","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP-1/2 Inhibitor ABT-767","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429404"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699738"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699738"}]}}{"C102746":{"preferredName":"PARP/Tankyrase Inhibitor 2X-121 ","code":"C102746","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, E7449 selectively binds to PARP 1 and 2, thereby preventing the repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway. This agent enhances the accumulation of single and double strand DNA breaks and promotes genomic instability eventually leading to apoptosis. PARP 1/2 inhibitor E7449 may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and of radiotherapy. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2X-121","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2X-121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E-7449","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7449","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP/TNKS Inhibitor 2X-121","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP/Tankyrase Inhibitor 2X-121","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PARP/Tankyrase Inhibitor 2X-121 ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437003"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9X5A2QIA7C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735791"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735791"}]}}{"C102983":{"preferredName":"PBN Derivative OKN-007","code":"C102983","definitions":[{"description":"A disulfonyl derivative of phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN), with potential anti-glioma activity. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action of OKN007 are still largely unknown, this agent appears to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and migration. This agent appears to inhibit the activity of sulfatase 2 (SULF2), a highly specific endoglucosamine-6-sulfatase that is overexpressed in the extracellular matrix of cancer cells and catalyzes the removal of sulfate from the 6-O-sulfate esters of heparin. In addition, OKN007 may induce changes in tumor metabolism and scavenge free radicals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Disulfonyl PBN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,4-Disulfophenyl-tert-butylnitrone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NXY-059","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OKN-007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OKN007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBN Derivative OKN-007","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PBN Derivative OKN-007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2974636"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"168021-79-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739669"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739669"}]}}{"C1186":{"preferredName":"PCNU","code":"C1186","definitions":[{"description":"A chloroethylnitrosourea compound and an alkylating agent with antineoplastic property. PCNU inhibits DNA synthesis by alkylating DNA and causing DNA cross links, thereby inducing apoptosis. In addition, this agent may be associated with pulmonary, hepatic, and hematologic toxicities. Unlike other nitrosoureas, PCNU has strong alkylating while weak carbamoylating activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(2,6-Dioxo-3-Piperidyl)-1-Nitrourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PCNU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"95466"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070165"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"13909-02-9"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39549"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PCNU"}]}}{"C160716":{"preferredName":"PD-1 Directed Probody CX-188","code":"C160716","definitions":[{"description":"A probody composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), linked to a proprietary masking peptide that covers the active antigen binding site of the antibody through a protease-cleavable linker, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of PD-1-directed probody CX-188, the masking peptide is cleaved by tumor-associated proteases within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Protease-mediated removal of the linker enables binding of the unmasked monoclonal antibody moiety to PD-1, thereby disrupting PD-1 signaling. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. Tumor-associated proteases are present in high concentrations and aberrantly activated in the TME.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Probody CX-188","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX 188","termGroup":"CA2","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-188","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX188","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 Directed Probody CX-188","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797958"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797958"}]}}{"C158532":{"preferredName":"PD-L1 Inhibitor INCB086550","code":"C158532","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the immunosuppressive ligand, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, PD-L1 inhibitor INCB086550 specifically targets PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells preventing the binding and subsequent activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-L1/PD-1 signaling, increases T-cell expansion and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1, a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is overexpressed in some cancer types and plays a significant role in immune evasion by tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INCB 086550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 86550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-086550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-86550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB086550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB86550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 Ligand 1 Inhibitor INCB086550","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-L1 Inhibitor INCB086550","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PD-L1 Inhibitor INCB086550","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937968"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797120"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797120"}]}}{"C129594":{"preferredName":"PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA Antagonist CA-170","code":"C129594","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the immune checkpoint regulatory proteins programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1; B7-H1; CD274), PD-L2, and V-domain immunoglobulin (Ig) suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA; programmed death 1 homolog; PD1H; PD-1H), with potential negative immune checkpoint regulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA antagonist CA-170 targets and binds to PD-L1, PD-L2 and VISTA. This inhibits PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA-mediated signaling, abrogates the PD-L1-, PD-L2- and VISTA-induced suppression of T-lymphocyte immune responses, enhances cytotoxic T-cell proliferation and activation against tumor cells, increases cytokine production by T-cells, and inhibits tumor cell growth. PD-L1, PD-L2 and VISTA, negative checkpoint molecules of immune activation, play key roles in the suppression of T-cell functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AUPM 170","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA-170","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA Antagonist CA-170","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA Antagonist CA-170","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA Checkpoint Antagonist CA-170","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512601"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783861"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783861"}]}}{"C88271":{"preferredName":"PDK1 Inhibitor AR-12","code":"C88271","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, celecoxib-derived inhibitor of phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) with potential antineoplastic activity. Devoid of any COX inhibiting activity, PDK1 inhibitor AR-12 binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK-1).; subsequently, the phosphorylation and activation of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B or PKB) is inhibited, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent appears to induce the activity of protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), which plays a key role in the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. Activation and dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AR-12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDK1 Inhibitor AR-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1569671"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"742112-33-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EX3O2Q61UV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655950"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655950"}]}}{"C126276":{"preferredName":"PE/HPV16 E7/KDEL Fusion Protein/GPI-0100 TVGV-1","code":"C126276","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein consisting of a peptide sequence of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7 nuclear protein and fused to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (PE) and a endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal (KDEL), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of PE/HPV16 E7/KDEL fusion protein TVGV-1, the PE moiety binds to CD91 (LRP1) expressed on a variety of cells, including antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells (DCs), which facilitates the internalization, through endocytosis, of TVGV-1. Following endocytosis, this agent is proteolytically cleaved by the proteasome and the epitopes from the HPV E7 protein become bound to MHC-I molecules and are presented on the DC-cell surface. This facilitates a cytotoxic T-cell- mediated immune response against HPV16 E7 expressing-tumor cells. KDEL targets the fusion protein to the ER, which increases this agent's potential to be bound by MHC-I molecules; this increases the immune response against HPV16 E7-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PE-E7-KDEL/GPI-0100 TVGV-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PE/HPV16 E7/KDEL Fusion Protein/GPI-0100 TVGV-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PE/HPV16 E7/KDEL Fusion Protein/GPI-0100 TVGV-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEK Fusion Protein/GPI-0100 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TVGV-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TVGV-1 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504853"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779306"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779306"}]}}{"C49178":{"preferredName":"PEG-PEI-cholesterol Lipopolymer-encased IL-12 DNA Plasmid Vector GEN-1","code":"C49178","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation composed of a non-viral plasmid DNA vector encoding the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) encapsulated in a biodegradable, biocompatible lipoplex composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyethylenimine (PEI), and cholesterol, with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intraperitoneal (IP) delivery of the PEG-PEI-cholesterol lipopolymer-encased IL-12 DNA plasmid vector GEN-1, the lipoplex is endocytosed by nearby cells, and the plasmid DNA is transported into the nucleus, which leads to local expresssion of IL-12. In turn, the increased IL-12 production at the tumor site activates the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NKs), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and promoting cytotoxic T-cell responses against tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GEN-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-12 Plasmid Formulated With PEG-PEI-Cholesterol Lipopolymer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle-encased IL-12 DNA Plasmid Vector","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-PEI-cholesterol Lipopolymer-encased IL-12 DNA Plasmid Vector GEN-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PEG-PEI-cholesterol Lipopolymer-encased IL-12 DNA Plasmid Vector GEN-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"phIL-12-005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707844"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"454593"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"454593"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"EGEN-001"}]}}{"C111892":{"preferredName":"PEG-Proline-Interferon Alfa-2b","code":"C111892","definitions":[{"description":"A long-acting formulation of recombinant interferon alpha subtype 2b (IFN-a2b) protein, in which IFN-a2b is coupled, via proline, to polyethylene glycol (PEG), with antiviral, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, IFN-a2b binds to specific interferon cell-surface receptors. This activates interferon-mediated signal transduction pathways and induces the transcription and translation of genes with interferon-specific response elements (ISREs); the protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. The PEG moiety inhibits proteolytic breakdown and clearance of IFN-a2b, which prolongs its half-life, extends the duration of its therapeutic effects and allows less frequent dosing. The proline linker facilitates the synthesis of a predominant (90%) positional isomer which allows for further increases in stability and a longer half-life than previous PEG conjugates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AOP2014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-P-IFN-Alfa-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-P-IFN-Alpha-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-Proline-Interferon Alfa-2b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827091"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753252"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753252"}]}}{"C1304":{"preferredName":"PEG-interleukin-2","code":"C1304","definitions":[{"description":"A complex of polyethylene glycol conjugated with human recombinant cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) with antineoplastic activity. PEG-interleukin-2 induces natural killer (NK) cell activity and the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and enhances T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Pegylation of IL-2 protects the cytokine from degradation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEG-IL-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-interleukin-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyethylene Glycol-Modified Recombinant Interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0083036"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39577"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39577"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PEG-interleukin-2"}]}}{"C148635":{"preferredName":"PEOX-based Polymer Encapsulated Paclitaxel FID-007","code":"C148635","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation composed of the poorly water-soluble paclitaxel encapsulated within branched polymers composed of polyethyloxazoline (PEOX), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon injection of the PEOX-based polymer encapsulated paclitaxel FID-007, the nanoparticles accumulate at the tumor site, due to the unique characteristics of the tumor vasculature, while avoiding normal, healthy tissue. Once the paclitaxel is released, it binds to tubulin inside tumor cells and inhibits the disassembly-assembly dynamics of microtubules, resulting in cell cycle arrest and cell death. Compared to the administration of paclitaxel alone, this formulation increases paclitaxel's solubility and enhances its tumor tissue penetration and efficacy, while avoiding systemic exposure, which minimizes its toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FID 007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FID-007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FID007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoencapsulated Paclitaxel FID-007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEOX-based Polymer Encapsulated Paclitaxel FID-007","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PEOX-based Polymer Encapsulated Paclitaxel FID-007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel in Polyethyloxazoline Polymer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551158"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796978"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796978"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cationic_Liposome-Encapsulated_Paclitaxel"}]}}{"C74070":{"preferredName":"PEP-3-KLH Conjugate Vaccine","code":"C74070","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of PEP-3, a synthetic peptide encompassing a tumor-specific mutated segment of the epidermal growth factor receptor type vIII (EGFRvIII), conjugated to the naturally-occurring immunoadjuvant keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, PEP-3-KLH conjugate vaccine may induce a cytotoxic immune response against tumor cells that overexpress EGFRvIII; this antitumoral immune response may involve antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEP-3-KLH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP-3-KLH Conjugate Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PEP-3-KLH Conjugate Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541477"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391254"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391254"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PEP-3-KLH_Conjugate_Vaccine"}]}}{"C78463":{"preferredName":"PGG Beta-Glucan","code":"C78463","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable formulation of the polysaccharide beta 1,3/1,6 glucan derived from the cell wall of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. PGG beta-glucan binds to an alternate site on the neutrophil complement receptor 3 (CR3), priming the neurophil to become cytotoxic when binding to complement on tumor cells via CR3. This agent has been reported to selectively activate immune cells without inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, potentially reducing potential side effects observed with the induction of broad innate immune repsonses. In addition, PGG beta-glucan may induce hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) mobilization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Imprime PGG","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PGG Beta-Glucan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PGG Beta-Glucan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly-(1-6)-beta-glucotriosyl-(1-3)-beta-glucopyranose Beta-glucan","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387566"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599816"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PGG_Beta-Glucan"}]}}{"C71692":{"preferredName":"PGLA/PEG Copolymer-Based Paclitaxel","code":"C71692","definitions":[{"description":"A controlled-release, intratumoral paclitaxel formulation in which paclitaxel is incorporated into a thermosensitive, biodegradable triblock copolymer consisting of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Upon intratumoral injection, paclitaxel is released slowly and continuously into tumor tissues from the gelled thermosensitive triblock copolymer over a period of 4 to 6 weeks; in tumor cells, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly-assembly dynamics of microtubules, resulting in cell cycle arrest and cell death. The thermosensitive triblock copolymer component of this formulation transforms from a water-soluble polymer at room temperature to a water-insoluble, biodegradable gel depot at body temperature; intratumoral controlled-release of paclitaxel from the gel minimizes systemic exposure to paclitaxel and the paclitaxel toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OncoGel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PGLA/PEG Copolymer-Based Paclitaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PGLA/PEG Copolymer-Based Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376115"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"555445"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"555445"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PGLA_PEG_Copolymer-Based_Paclitaxel"}]}}{"C113790":{"preferredName":"PH20 Hyaluronidase-expressing Adenovirus VCN-01","code":"C113790","definitions":[{"description":"An oncolytic, replication-competent adenovirus encoding the human glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored enzyme PH20 hyaluronidase with potential antitumor activity. After intratumoral administration, PH20 hyaluronidase-expressing adenovirus VCN-01 selectively replicates in tumor cells, which may both cause oncolytic virus-induced cell death and induce the infection of adjacent tumor cells. In addition, the virus expresses hyaluronidase, which hydrolyzes and degrades the hyaluronic acid (HA) that coats tumor cells. The degradation of HA may result in a decrease for both the viscosity of the interstitial space and the tumor's interstitial fluid pressure (IFP). This increases viral spread and may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth. In addition, HA degradation facilitates the penetration of chemotherapeutic agents into the tumor. HA is a glycosaminoglycan found in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and is frequently overproduced by various tumor cell types. The presence of HA in tumors correlates with increases in tumor cell growth, metastatic potential, tumor progression and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genetically Modified Adenovirus-encoding Human PH20 Hyaluronidase VCN-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PH20 Hyaluronidase-expressing Adenovirus VCN-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VCN-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471771"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757334"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757334"}]}}{"C103861":{"preferredName":"PI3K Alpha/Beta Inhibitor BAY1082439","code":"C103861","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) alpha and beta isoforms with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K alpha/beta inhibitor BAY1082439 selectively inhibits both PI3K alpha, including mutated forms of PIK3CA, and PI3K beta in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K-expressing and/or PTEN-driven tumor cells. By specifically targeting class I PI3K alpha and beta, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan PI3K inhibitors. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently found in solid tumors and results in increased tumor cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. PIK3CA, one of the most highly mutated oncogenes, encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K. PTEN, a tumor suppressor protein and negative regulator of PI3K activity, is often mutated in a variety of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY1082439","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Alpha/Beta Inhibitor BAY1082439","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438339"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743262"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743262"}]}}{"C97915":{"preferredName":"PI3K Alpha/mTOR Inhibitor PWT33597 Mesylate","code":"C97915","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt form of PWT33597, an orally bioavailable dual inhibitor of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) alpha and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K alpha/mTOR dual inhibitor PWT33597 selectively inhibits both PI3K alpha kinase and mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K/mTOR-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PI3K Alpha/mTOR Inhibitor PWT33597 Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K Alpha/mTOR Inhibitor PWT33597 Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PWT33597 Mesylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430398"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"708121"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"708121"}]}}{"C118568":{"preferredName":"PI3K Inhibitor ACP-319","code":"C118568","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor ACP-319 inhibits PI3K, which prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT (protein kinase B)-mediated signaling pathway. This results in the inhibition of growth and survival of PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACP-319","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor ACP-319","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor ACP-319","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474092"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761968"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761968"}]}}{"C74073":{"preferredName":"PI3K Inhibitor BGT226","code":"C74073","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor BGT226 specifically inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway, which may trigger the translocation of cytosolic Bax to the mitochondrial outer membrane, increasing mitochondrial membrane permeability; apoptotic cell death may ensue. Bax is a member of the proapoptotic Bcl2 family of proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BGT226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor BGT226","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor BGT226","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347426"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587478"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587478"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PI3K_Inhibitor_BGT226"}]}}{"C116877":{"preferredName":"PI3K Inhibitor GDC-0084","code":"C116877","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor GDC-0084 specifically inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway. This may result in the inhibition of both cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDC-0084","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC0084","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor GDC-0084","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor GDC-0084","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446606"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"728900"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"728900"}]}}{"C132166":{"preferredName":"PI3K Inhibitor GDC0077","code":"C132166","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor GDC0077 binds to and inhibits various members of the PI3K family, including activating mutations in the catalytic alpha isoform PIK3CA. PI3K inhibition prevents the activation of the PI3K-mediated signaling pathway and results in the inhibition of growth and survival of PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Dysregulation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents and radiotherapy. PIK3CA, which encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K, is frequently mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays a key role in cancer cell growth and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDC 0077","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0077","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC0077","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor GDC0077","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor GDC0077","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 6114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-6114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7113755","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521134"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787122"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787122"}]}}{"C78470":{"preferredName":"PI3K Inhibitor GSK1059615","code":"C78470","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor GSK1059615 inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase signaling pathway, which may trigger the translocation of cytosolic Bax to the mitochondrial outer membrane and an increase in mitochondrial membrane permeability, followed by apoptosis. Bax is a member of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family of proteins. PI3K, an enzyme often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK1059615","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor GSK1059615","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor GSK1059615","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387567"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600076"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600076"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PI3K_Inhibitor_GSK1059615"}]}}{"C107386":{"preferredName":"PI3K Inhibitor WX-037","code":"C107386","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor WX-037 specifically inhibits PI3K, which prevents the activation of the PI3K/protein kinase B-mediated signaling pathway. This may result in the inhibition of both tumor cell growth and survival in PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor WX-037","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX-037","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL449597"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750893"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750893"}]}}{"C95723":{"preferredName":"PI3K Inhibitor ZSTK474","code":"C95723","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, s-triazine derivative, ATP-competitive phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474 inhibits all four PI3K isoforms. Inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway results in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents. This agent does not induce apoptosis but rather induces strong G(0)/G(1) arrest, which might contribute to its favorable efficacy in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor ZSTK474","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor ZSTK474","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Inhibitor ZSTK474","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZSTK-474","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ZSTK474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1721602"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K0068GK39A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694436"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694436"}]}}{"C126271":{"preferredName":"PI3K p110beta/delta Inhibitor KA2237","code":"C126271","definitions":[{"description":"A dual selective inhibitor of the beta and delta isoforms of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K-beta/delta), with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K-beta/delta inhibitor KA2237 selectively inhibits the PI3K-beta and -delta isoforms and prevents their activation, which inhibits PI3K-beta/delta-mediated signal transduction pathways. This decreases proliferation and induces cell death in susceptible tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-beta and -delta are overexpressed primarily in solid and hematological tumor cells and play crucial roles in tumor cell survival, and immunoregulation. The targeted inhibition of these PI3Ks allows this agent to potentially be more efficacious and less toxic than pan PI3K inhibitors, which also affect normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KA 2237","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KA2237","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3 Kinase b/d Inhibitor KA2237","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K p110beta/delta Inhibitor KA2237","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K p110beta/delta Inhibitor KA2237","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504848"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779211"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779211"}]}}{"C158603":{"preferredName":"PI3K-alpha Inhibitor MEN1611","code":"C158603","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K alpha inhibitor MEN1611 selectively binds to and inhibits PIK3CA and its mutated forms in the PI3K/Akt (protein kinase B)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This results in both apoptosis and growth inhibition in PIK3CA-expressing tumor cells. By specifically targeting PIK3CA, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan-PI3K inhibitors. In addition, MEN1611 also targets mutated forms of PI3K gamma (PI3Kg). MEN1611 may stimulate the immune system to restore CD8+ T-cell activation and cytotoxicity. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is often found in solid tumors and results in the promotion of tumor cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemo- and radio-therapy. PIK3CA, one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes, encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K. In most solid tumors, the activation of the PI3K pathway is induced by mutations of PIK3CA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-(7-Methylsulfonyl-2-morpholin-4-yl-5,6-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-selective PI3K Inhibitor MEN1611","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CH 5132799","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CH-5132799","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CH-5132799","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CH5132799","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN 1611","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN-1611","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN1611","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PA 799","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PA-799","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PA799","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-alpha Inhibitor MEN1611","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3Kalpha Inhibitor MEN1611","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938076"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1007207-67-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JCL936W835"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797093"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797093"}]}}{"C106261":{"preferredName":"PI3K-beta Inhibitor GSK2636771","code":"C106261","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, substituted benzimidazole inhibitor of the class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) beta isoform with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K beta inhibitor GSK2636771 selectively inhibits PI3K beta kinase activity in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K beta-expressing and/or PTEN-driven tumor cells. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently found in solid tumors and results in the promotion of tumor cell growth, survival, and resistance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. PI3K beta is the p110-beta catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K. PTEN, a tumor suppressor protein and negative regulator of PI3K activity, is often mutated in a variety of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK2636771","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-beta Inhibitor GSK2636771","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K-beta Inhibitor GSK2636771","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433894"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715683"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715683"}]}}{"C116882":{"preferredName":"PI3K-beta Inhibitor SAR260301","code":"C116882","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) beta isoform with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K beta inhibitor SAR260301 selectively inhibits PI3K beta kinase activity in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K beta-expressing and/or phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-deficient tumor cells. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently found in solid tumors and contributes to increased tumor cell growth, tumor cell survival, and resistance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. PI3K beta is the p110-beta catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K. PTEN, a tumor suppressor protein and negative regulator of PI3K activity, is often mutated in a variety of cancer cells. By specifically targeting class I PI3K beta, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan-PI3K inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-2-(2-(2-Methylindolin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)-6-morpholinopyrimidin-4(3H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-beta Inhibitor SAR260301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K-beta Inhibitor SAR260301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 260301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-260301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR260301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3852556"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1260612-13-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739784"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739784"}]}}{"C95891":{"preferredName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor AMG 319","code":"C95891","definitions":[{"description":"A highly selective, potent, and orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the delta isoform of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class IA phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. PI3K-delta inhibitor AMG 319 prevents the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway through inhibition of the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), thus decreasing proliferation and inducing cell death. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in hematopoietic lineages. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 319","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor AMG 319","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor AMG 319","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428288"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696292"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696292"}]}}{"C148532":{"preferredName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor HMPL 689","code":"C148532","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (phosphoinositide 3'-kinase delta; PI3Kd; PI3K-d), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K-delta inhibitor HMPL 689 selectively binds to and inhibits PI3Kd, and prevents the activation of the PI3Kd/AKT signaling pathway, and B-cell activation. This both decreases proliferation and induces cell death in PI3Kd-overexpressing tumor cells. PI3Kd plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and the proliferation of hematologic cancer cells. The targeted inhibition of PI3Kd is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells and thereby to minimize serious side effects. PI3Kd, an enzyme often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HMPL 689","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL-689","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL689","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-d Inhibitor HMPL 689","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor HMPL 689","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor HMPL 689","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551137"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792706"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792706"}]}}{"C113434":{"preferredName":"Parsaclisib","code":"C113434","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. Parsaclisib inhibits the delta isoform of PI3K and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This both decreases proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-delta-overexpressing tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in hematopoietic disease and cell lineages. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells. PI3K, an enzyme often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4R)-4-(3-((1S)-1-(4-Amino-3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-5-chloro-2-ethoxy-6-fluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-2-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 50465","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-50465","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB050465","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB50465","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARSACLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Parsaclisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Parsaclisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10589","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458228"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1426698-88-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OS7097575K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756266"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756266"}]}}{"C123925":{"preferredName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor PWT143","code":"C123925","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K-delta inhibitor ME-401 selectively inhibits the delta isoform of PI3K and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This both decreases proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-delta-overexpressing tumor cells. PI3K-delta plays a key role in the proliferation and survival of hematologic cancer cells. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells. PI3K, an enzyme often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ME 401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ME-401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor PWT143","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor PWT143","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PWT-143","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PWT143","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498289"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775930"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775930"}]}}{"C165266":{"preferredName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor SHC014748M","code":"C165266","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K delta inhibitor SHC014748M selectively binds to and inhibits PI3K delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K delta over-expressing tumor cells. PI3K delta also plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and the proliferation of certain hematologic cancer cells. The targeted inhibition of PI3K delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells, thereby minimizing serious side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor SHC014748M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3Kd Inhibitor SHC014748M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHC 014748M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHC-014748M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHC014748M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799414"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799414"}]}}{"C158508":{"preferredName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor YY-20394","code":"C158508","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the delta form of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K-delta inhibitor YY-20394 selectively binds to and inhibits PI3K-delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K-delta over-expressing tumor cells. PI3K-delta also plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and the proliferation of certain hematologic cancer cells. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells, thereby minimizing serious side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor YY-20394","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YY 20394","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YY-20394","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YY20394","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938053"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797151"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797151"}]}}{"C125471":{"preferredName":"PI3K-gamma Inhibitor IPI-549","code":"C125471","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, highly selective small molecule inhibitor of the gamma isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K-gamma) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IPI-549 prevents the activation of the PI3K-gamma-mediated signaling pathways, which may lead to a reduction in cellular proliferation in PI3K-gamma-expressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent is able to modulate anti-tumor immune responses and inhibit tumor-mediated immunosuppression. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, the gamma isoform is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and immune cells; its expression increases tumor cell proliferation and survival. By selectively targeting the gamma isoform, PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells is minimally or not affected, which results in a reduced side effect profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IPI 549","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-549","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-gamma Inhibitor IPI-549","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K-gamma Inhibitor IPI-549","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504218"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778361"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778361"}]}}{"C148229":{"preferredName":"PI3K/BET Inhibitor LY294002","code":"C148229","definitions":[{"description":"A morpholine-based inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the PI3K/BET inhibitor LY294002 specifically targets and binds to both PI3K and the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins. Inhibition of PI3K activity inhibits the PI3K/AKT kinase signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of growth and survival for tumor cells in which the PI3K-mediated signaling pathway is overactivated. Inhibition of BET proteins prevents their interaction with acetylated histones, disrupts chromatin remodeling and inhibits the expression of oncogenic drivers that are important for cell proliferation and survival, which together may lead to an inhibition of proliferation in BET-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators and play an important role during development and cellular growth. In tumor cells, BET proteins play a key role in the regulation of oncogene transcription and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(4-Morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Morpholin-4-yl-8-phenylchromen-4-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 294002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-294002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY294002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/BET Inhibitor LY294002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550844"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154447-36-6"}]}}{"C97254":{"preferredName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor DS-7423","code":"C97254","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K/mTOR kinase inhibitor DS-7423 inhibits both PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in susceptible tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K. Consequently, this agent may potentially be more potent than an agent that inhibits either PI3K kinase or mTOR kinase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS-7423","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual PI3 Kinase/mTOR Inhibitor DS-7423","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor DS-7423","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor DS-7423","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429785"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701858"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701858"}]}}{"C84837":{"preferredName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PF-04691502","code":"C84837","definitions":[{"description":"An agent targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K/mTOR kinase inhibitor PF-04691502 inhibits both PI3K and mTOR kinases, which may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition of cancer cells overexpressing PI3K/mTOR. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PF-04691502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PF-04691502","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PF-04691502","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827515"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649523"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649523"}]}}{"C112497":{"preferredName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor VS-5584","code":"C112497","definitions":[{"description":"A potent and selective inhibitor of both phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K/mTOR kinase inhibitor VS-5584 inhibits mTOR kinase and all class I PI3K isoforms. Consequently, this disrupts phosphorylation of substrates downstream of PI3K and mTOR and may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition in susceptible tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, which also has PI3K-independent activity. Consequently, this agent may potentially be more potent than an agent that inhibits either PI3K kinase or mTOR kinase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyrimidinamine, 5-[8-Methyl-9-(1-Methylethyl)-2-(4-Morpholinyl)-9H-Purin-6-Yl]-2-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-[8-Methyl-9-(1-Methylethyl)-2-(4-Morpholinyl)-9H-Purin-6-Yl]-2-Pyrimidinamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor VS-5584","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor VS-5584","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor VS-5584","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB 2343","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-2343","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB2343","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VS 5584","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VS-5584","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VS5584","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3711165"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755179"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755179"}]}}{"C159499":{"preferredName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor WXFL10030390","code":"C159499","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of certain phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) isoforms and mammalian target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K/mTOR inhibitor WXFL10030390 (WX390) inhibits mTOR kinase and certain PI3K isoforms. Consequently, this disrupts phosphorylation of substrates downstream of PI3K and mTOR and may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition in susceptible tumor cells. The PI3K/mTOR pathway is upregulated in a variety of tumor cells and plays a key role in promoting cancer cell proliferation, and survival, motility and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated in a PI3K-independent fashion; therefore, this agent may be more potent than an agent that inhibits either PI3K or mTOR alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor WX390","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor WXFL10030390","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX 390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX-390","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WXFL 10030390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WXFL-10030390","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WXFL10030390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797519"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797519"}]}}{"C104292":{"preferredName":"PI3K/mTOR/ALK-1/DNA-PK Inhibitor P7170","code":"C104292","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK-1) and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PI3K/mTOR/ALK-1/DNA-PK inhibitor P7170 inhibits the activity of all four kinases. This prevents PI3K/mTOR and ALK-1-mediated signaling pathways and may lead to the inhibition of cancer cell growth in PI3K/mTOR-overexpressing tumor cells and angiogenesis in ALK-1-overexpressing endothelial cells. Also, by inhibiting DNA-PK, this agent inhibits the ability of tumor cells to repair damaged DNA. The PI3K/mTOR pathway is upregulated in a variety of tumors and plays an important role in regulating cancer cell proliferation, growth, and survival. ALK-1, a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b) type I receptor family, is overexpressed on endothelial cells in a variety of tumor types and increases endothelial cell proliferation and migration. DNA-PK is activated upon DNA damage and plays a key role in repairing double-stranded DNA breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"P7170","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR/ALK-1/DNA-PK Inhibitor P7170","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR/ALK-1/DNA-PK Inhibitor P7170","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445627"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745036"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745036"}]}}{"C116351":{"preferredName":"PI3K/mTORC1/mTORC2 Inhibitor DCBCI0901","code":"C116351","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), raptor-mTOR (mTOR complex 1 or mTORC1) and rictor-mTOR (mTOR complex 2 or mTORC2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, PI3K/mTORC1/mTORC2 inhibitor DCBCI0901 binds to and inhibits PI3K as well as both mTORC1 and mTORC2, which may result in both apoptosis and a decrease in cell proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing PI3K, mTORC1, and mTORC2. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DCBCI0901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTORC1/mTORC2 Inhibitor DCBCI0901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473670"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761750"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761750"}]}}{"C90291":{"preferredName":"PI3Ka/mTOR Inhibitor PKI-179","code":"C90291","definitions":[{"description":"A second generation, small-molecule mimetic of ATP that targets the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. PKI-179 selectively inhibits mTOR and phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) alpha. By inhibiting the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, this agent may inhibit tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PI3Ka/mTOR Inhibitor PKI-179","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKI-179","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PKI-179","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2933673"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CNN7Y60164"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658412"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658412"}]}}{"C118624":{"preferredName":"PI3Kalpha Inhibitor AZD8835","code":"C118624","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K alpha inhibitor AZD8835 selectively binds to and inhibits PIK3CA and its mutated forms, in the PI3K/Akt (protein kinase B) /mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This results in both apoptosis and growth inhibition in PIK3CA-expressing tumor cells. By specifically targeting PIK3CA, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan-PI3K inhibitors. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is often found in solid tumors and results in the promotion of tumor cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemo- and radio-therapy. PIK3CA, one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes, encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD8835","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3Kalpha Inhibitor AZD8835","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3Kalpha Inhibitor AZD8835","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896907"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765451"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765451"}]}}{"C107684":{"preferredName":"PI3Kbeta Inhibitor AZD8186","code":"C107684","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the beta isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PI3Kbeta inhibitor AZD8186 selectively inhibits the activity of PI3Kbeta in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which may result in a decrease of tumor cell proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-expressing cancer cells. By specifically targeting class I PI3K beta, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan PI3K inhibitors. PI3K-mediated signaling is often dysregulated in cancer cells and contributes to increased tumor cell growth, survival, and tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD-8186","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD8186","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3Kbeta Inhibitor AZD8186","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3Kbeta Inhibitor AZD8186","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827157"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1296270-45-5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751594"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751594"}]}}{"C121374":{"preferredName":"PI3Kdelta Inhibitor GS-9901","code":"C121374","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3Kdelta) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PI3Kdelta inhibitor GS-9901 selectively binds to the delta isoform of PI3K and inhibits its activity. This inhibits the activation of the PI3Kdelta-mediated signaling pathway and prevents proliferation of PI3Kdelta-overexpressing tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3Kdelta is expressed primarily in certain tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, motility and survival. The targeted inhibition of PI3Kdelta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells and thus reduces toxicity to normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GS-9901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3Kdelta Inhibitor GS-9901","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3Kdelta Inhibitor GS-9901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053639"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C106259":{"preferredName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor LGH447","code":"C106259","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available pan-PIM protein kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PIM kinase inhibitor LGH447 binds to and inhibits the activities of PIM-1, -2 and -3 serine/threonine kinases, which may result in the interruption of the G1/S phase cell cycle transition, the expression of the pro-apoptotic Bcl2 protein and tumor cell apoptosis in cells that overexpress PIMs. PIM kinases, downstream effectors of many cytokine and growth factor signaling pathways, play key roles in cell cycle progression and apoptosis inhibition and may be overexpressed in various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LGH-447","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LGH-447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGH447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM 447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor LGH447","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor LGH447","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM-447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433893"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9TG5O4V25H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715643"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715643"}]}}{"C82404":{"preferredName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor SGI-1776","code":"C82404","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule pan-PIM protein kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PIM kinase inhibitor SGI-1776 binds to and inhibits the activities of PIM-1, -2 and -3 serine/threonine kinases, which may result in the interruption of the G1/S phase cell cycle transition, the expression of pro-apoptotic Bcl2 proteins and tumor cell apoptosis. PIM kinases play key roles in cell cycle progression and apoptosis inhibition and may be overexpressed in various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor SGI-1776","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor SGI-1776","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGI-1776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742218"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638088"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638088"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pim_Kinase_Inhibitor_SGI-1776"}]}}{"C160203":{"preferredName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor TP-3654","code":"C160203","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, second-generation and selective ATP-competitive inhibitor of proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PIM kinase inhibitor TP-3654 selectively binds to and prevents the activation of the PIM kinases. This prevents the activation of PIM-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits proliferation in cells that overexpress PIM. PIMs, constitutively active proto-oncogenic serine/threonine kinases, are upregulated in various types of cancers and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-((1R,4R)-4-((3-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-6-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)propan-2-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM Inhibitor TP-3654","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor TP-3654","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGI 9481","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGI-9481","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGI9481","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP 3654","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP-3654","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TP-3654","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP3654","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1361951-15-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EOB0N7BOY4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797841"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797841"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pim_Kinase_Inhibitor_SGI-1776"}]}}{"C133540":{"preferredName":"PIM/FLT3 Kinase Inhibitor SEL24","code":"C133540","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of PIM family serine/threonine protein kinases and mutant forms of FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; STK1) with potential antineoplastic activity. PIM/FLT3 kinase inhibitor SEL24 binds to and inhibits the kinase activities of PIM-1, -2 and -3, and mutant forms of FLT3, which may result in the interruption of the G1/S phase cell cycle transition, an inhibition of cell proliferation, and an induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress PIMs or express mutant forms of FLT3. FLT3, a tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed or mutated in various cancers, plays a role in signaling pathways that regulate hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation, and in leukemic cell proliferation and survival. PIM kinases, downstream effectors of many cytokine and growth factor signaling pathways, including the FLT3 signaling pathway, play key roles in cell cycle progression and apoptosis inhibition and may be overexpressed in various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dual PIM/FLT3 Kinase Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM/FLT3 Kinase Inhibitor SEL24","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PIM/FLT3 Kinase Inhibitor SEL24","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEL 24","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEL24","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEL24-B489","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520500"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788368"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788368"}]}}{"C1810":{"preferredName":"PKA Regulatory Subunit RIalpha Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 231","code":"C1810","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that may inhibit the growth of malignant tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mixed backbone oligonucleotide exhibiting antitumor activity. GEM-231 is complementary to the RI alpha subunit of Protein Kinase A (PKA), resulting in downregulation of PKA expression and ultimately tumor growth. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GEM 231","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GEM 231","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEM-231","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEM231","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gene Expression Modulator 231","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKA Regulatory Subunit RIalpha Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 231","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677981"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42971"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42971"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"GEM_231"}]}}{"C1788":{"preferredName":"PKC-alpha Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide ISIS 3521","code":"C1788","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide. As an antisense molecule, ISIS 3521 hybridizes to the 3-untranslated region of the human protein kinase C (PKC-alpha) mRNA, thereby inhibiting PKC-alpha expression and growth of PKC-alpha-dependent tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Affinitac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Affinitak","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP 64128A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA, d(P-thio)(G-T-T-C-T-C-G-C-T-G-G-T-G-A-G-T-T-T-C-A)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"DNA, d(P-thio)(GTTCTCGCTGGTGAGTTTCA)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS 3521","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ISIS 3521","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY900003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKC-alpha Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide ISIS 3521","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Kinase C-Alpha Antisense","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"719337"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0666551"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"151879-73-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42953"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42953"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ISIS_3521"}]}}{"C148422":{"preferredName":"PKC-beta Inhibitor MS-553","code":"C148422","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the beta-isoform of protein kinase C (PKC), with potential immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PKC-beta inhibitor MS-553 selectively binds to and inhibits PKC-beta, which prevents the activation of PKC-beta-mediated signaling pathways. This may lead to the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. PKC-beta, a serine/threonine protein kinase overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells, is involved in tumor cell differentiation, proliferation, invasion and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MS 553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MS-553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MS553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKC-b Inhibitor MS-553","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKC-beta Inhibitor MS-553","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PKC-beta Inhibitor MS-553","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550994"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795373"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795373"}]}}{"C162375":{"preferredName":"PLK1 Inhibitor CYC140","code":"C162375","definitions":[{"description":"A competitive inhibitor for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding to polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1; PLK-1; STPK13), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PLK1 inhibitor CYC140 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits PLK1, which disrupts mitosis and induces selective G2/M cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis in PLK1-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine kinase that is crucial for the regulation of mitosis, and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, transformation and invasion. PLK1 expression is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and high expression is associated with increased aggressiveness and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYC 140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYC-140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYC140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLK-1 Inhibitor CYC140","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLK1 Inhibitor CYC140","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PLK1 Inhibitor CYC140","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor CYC140","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798706"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798706"}]}}{"C92587":{"preferredName":"PLK1 Inhibitor TAK-960","code":"C92587","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor TAK-960 selectively inhibits PLK1, inducing selective G2/M cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells while causing reversible cell-cycle arrest at the G1 and G2 stages without apoptosis in normal cells. PLK1 inhibition may result in the inhibition of proliferation in PLK1-overexpressed tumor cells. PLK1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine kinase crucial in the regulation of mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLK1 Inhibitor TAK-960","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PLK1 Inhibitor TAK-960","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor TAK-960","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-960","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2985196"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683854"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683854"}]}}{"C2235":{"preferredName":"PR1 Leukemia Peptide Vaccine","code":"C2235","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing PR1, a 9 amino-acid human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 restricted peptide derived from proteinase 3, with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Vaccination with PR1 leukemia peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing proteinase 3, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Often overexpressed in leukemic cells, proteinase 3 is a serine proteinase that activates progelatinase A and is involved in angiogenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leukemia Peptide Vaccine, PR1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR1 LEUKEMIA PEPTIDE VACCINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PR1 Leukemia Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PR1 Leukemia Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proteinase 3:PR1 Peptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"698102"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879440"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"54XUF2TZ7G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37873"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37873"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PR1_Leukemia_Peptide_Vaccine"}]}}{"C128029":{"preferredName":"PRAME-targeting T-cell Receptor/Inducible Caspase 9 BPX-701","code":"C128029","definitions":[{"description":"Human allogeneic T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a high-affinity T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-01-restricted, preferentially-expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) and containing the chemical induction of dimerization (CID) suicide/safety switch, composed of a drug binding domain coupled to the signaling domain of the suicide enzyme caspase-9, with potential antineoplastic activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are isolated from a patient, transduced with an anti-PRAME-HLA-A2 restricted TCR, expanded ex vivo, and reintroduced into the HLA-A2-positive patient. Upon reintroduction, PRAME-targeting T-cell receptor-based therapy BPX-701 binds to tumor cells expressing PRAME, which may induce cell death in and halt the growth of PRAME-expressing cancer cells. The tumor-associated antigen PRAME is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types. If potential T-cell toxicity due to graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) occurs, the chemical dimerizer rimiducid (AP1903) can be adminstered. Rimiducid binds to the drug binding domain expressed by the BPX-701 T-cells, and triggers activation of the caspase-9 domain, which leads to caspase 9-mediated signaling, the induction of apoptosis and to selective and complete elimination of BPX-701 cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BPX-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CaspaCID-based PRAME-TCR Allogeneic T-lymphocytes BPX-701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRAME-targeting T-cell Receptor/Inducible Caspase 9 BPX-701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507923"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781247"}]}}{"C85465":{"preferredName":"PRIMA-1 Analog APR-246","code":"C85465","definitions":[{"description":"A methylated derivative and structural analog of PRIMA-1 (p53 re-activation and induction of massive apoptosis), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PRIMA-1 analog APR-246 covalently modifies the core domain of mutated forms of cellular tumor antigen p53 (p53) through the alkylation of thiol groups. These modifications restore both the wild-type conformation and function to mutant p53, which reconstitutes endogenous p53 activity, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells. This agent may work synergistically with other antineoplastic agents. p53, a tumor suppressor and transcription factor normally activated upon DNA damage, is frequently mutated and overexpressed in cancer cells; it plays a key role in both DNA repair and the induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APR-246","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRIMA-1 Analog APR-246","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRIMA-1MET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830138"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643796"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643796"}]}}{"C156759":{"preferredName":"PRMT1 Inhibitor GSK3368715","code":"C156759","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1; Histone-arginine N-methyltransferase PRMT1; Interferon receptor 1-bound protein 4) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GSK3368715 inhibits monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation of arginine-bearing substrates, including histones, estrogen receptors, RNA-binding proteins, and numerous non-histone substrates catalyzed by PRMT1. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion that is potentially driven by PRMT1 overexpression or dysregulation. PRMT1-mediated methylation plays a key role in the modulation of protein function, gene expression and cellular signaling. Dysregulation and overexpression of PRMT1 has been associated with a number of solid and hematopoietic cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK 3368715","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-3368715","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK3368715","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRMT1 Inhibitor GSK3368715","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PRMT1 Inhibitor GSK3368715","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 Inhibitor GSK3368715","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935878"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795836"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795836"}]}}{"C163980":{"preferredName":"PRMT5 Inhibitor JNJ-64619178","code":"C163980","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor JNJ-64619178 selectively targets and irreversibly binds to the S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)- and substrate-binding pockets of the PRMT5/methylosome protein 50 (MEP50) complex, and inhibits its function. By inhibiting its methyltransferase activity, levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 are decreased. This modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes, including cellular proliferation. This may increase the expression of antiproliferative genes and/or decrease the expression of genes that promote cell proliferation, which may lead to decreased growth of rapidly proliferating cells, including cancer cells. PRMT5, a type II methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of both omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (sDMA) on histones and a variety of other protein substrates involved in signal transduction and cellular transcription, is overexpressed in several neoplasms. Elevated levels are associated with decreased patient survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ 64619178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-64619178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ64619178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRMT5 Inhibitor JNJ-64619178","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor JNJ-64619178","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799112"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799112"}]}}{"C114289":{"preferredName":"PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF Vaccine","code":"C114289","definitions":[{"description":"A prostate cancer vaccine containing prostate specific antigen (PSA) combined with the cytokines, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal vaccination, PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF vaccine may activate the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against prostate cancer cells expressing this antigen, thereby decreasing tumor cell growth. PSA, a glycoprotein secreted by prostatic epithelial and ductal cells, is overexpressed by prostate cancer cells. IL-2 stimulates natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-cells against the PSA-expressing tumor cells. GM-CSF promotes antigen presentation to dendritic cells and further stimulates a tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ProscaVax","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostatac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471798"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758104"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758104"}]}}{"C123283":{"preferredName":"PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmid INO-5150","code":"C123283","definitions":[{"description":"A plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular delivery and electroporation of the PSA/PSMA DNA plasmid INO-5150, both PSA and PSMA are translated in cells which then activate the immune system. This induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses against tumor cells expressing PSA and PSMA. This may result in both immune-mediated tumor cell death and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. PSA and PSMA are overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types. The DNA encoding the TAAs in INO-5150 is based on both human and other primate antigen gene sequences. As the plasmid genes differ from the human gene sequences encoding these antigens, INO-5150 may overcome immune tolerance to human TAAs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INO 5150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-5150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmid INO-5150","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmid INO-5150","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSA/PSMA Synthetic DNA Vaccine INO-5150","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSA/PSMA-encoding DNA Plasmid INO-5150","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053631"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775020"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775020"}]}}{"C95892":{"preferredName":"PSMA-targeted Docetaxel Nanoparticles BIND-014","code":"C95892","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary preparation of polymeric nanoparticles containing the second-generation taxane docetaxel, targeted to prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), with antineoplastic activity. PSMA-targeted docetaxel nanoparticles BIND-014 carry docetaxel within a matrix of polylactic acid covered with a coating of polyethylene glycol; embedded on the surface of the polyethylene glycol coating are ligands targeted to PSMA. BIND-014 allows gradual release of docetaxel upon degradation of the polylactic acid, and the PEG encapsulation escapes the host immune response while PSMA ligands on the surface restrict the cytotoxic effect to PSMA-expressing cells. Docetaxel binds to and stabilizes the beta-tubulin subunit, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. PSMA is a cell-surface antigen that is abundantly present on the surface of cancer cells and on the neovasculature that feeds a wide variety of tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIND-014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA-targeted Docetaxel Nanoparticles BIND-014","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PSMA-targeted Docetaxel Nanoparticles BIND-014","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428289"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696293"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696293"}]}}{"C117291":{"preferredName":"PSMA-targeted Tubulysin B-containing Conjugate EC1169","code":"C117291","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable, water soluble, small molecule drug conjugate (SMDC) containing a ligand specific for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), conjugated via a stable, enzyme-cleavable linker to the cytotoxic agent tubulysin B hydrazide (TubBH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of PSMA-targeted tubulysin B-containing conjugate EC1169, the PSMA ligand specifically targets and binds to PSMA, a protein which is abundantly expressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells as well as on the neovasculature of many solid tumors. This allows for the specific delivery of TubBH to PSMA-expressing cancer cells. Upon internalization and cleavage, tubulysin B binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which blocks cell division and results in G2/M phase arrest, tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in PSMA-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EC1169","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC1719","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA-targeted Tubulysin B-containing Conjugate EC1169","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PSMA-targeted Tubulysin B-containing Conjugate EC1169","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474117"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763440"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763440"}]}}{"C156681":{"preferredName":"PSMA/CD3 Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN424","code":"C156681","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant antibody derivative composed of tri-specific T-cell activating construct (TriTAC) directed against the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA; FOLH1) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes and an albumin-binding domain, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, PSMA/CD3 tri-specific T-cell antibody construct HPN424 targets and binds PSMA on tumor cells and CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), thereby bringing PSMA-expressing tumor cells and CTLs together, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of PSMA-expressing tumor cells. The albumin-binding domain targets and binds to serum albumin, thereby extending the serum half-life of HPN424. PSMA is overexpressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 TriTAC HPN424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPN 424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPN-424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPN424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA/CD3 Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN424","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PSMA/CD3 Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN424","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA/CD3 TriTAC HPN424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA/CD3-specific TriTAC HPN424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TriTAC HPN424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935732"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795833"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795833"}]}}{"C128266":{"preferredName":"PTEF-b/CDK9 Inhibitor BAY1251152","code":"C128266","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), the catalytic subunit of the RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) elongation factor positive transcription elongation factor b (PTEF- b; PTEFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BAY1251152 binds to and blocks the phosphorylation and kinase activity of CDK9, thereby preventing PTEFb-mediated activation of RNA Pol II and leading to the inhibition of gene transcription of various anti-apoptotic proteins. This may cause cell cycle arrest and induce apoptosis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. The protein complex PTEF-b, a heterodimer consisting of CDK9 and a regulatory cyclin subunit of the T family, is over-activated in various tumor cell types; it plays a key role in the regulation of Pol II-mediated transcription of anti-apoptotic proteins. Tumor cells are dependent on anti-apoptotic proteins for their survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 1251152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1251152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK9 Inhibitor BAY1251152","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTEF-b Inhibitor BAY1251152","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTEF-b/CDK9 Inhibitor BAY1251152","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PTEF-b/CDK9 Inhibitor BAY1251152","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507865"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C71149":{"preferredName":"PVA Microporous Hydrospheres/Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C71149","definitions":[{"description":"An embolic material composed of microspheres of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymers loaded with doxorubicin hydrochloride with antineoplastic activity. Doxorubicin hydrochloride-loaded microspheres may be used as a drug delivery vehicle during embolization of tumor vasculature. Doxorubicin intercalates DNA, interferes with catalytic activity of topoisomerase II, and causes DNA adducts and other DNA damage, resulting in tumor cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. When used in tumor vasculature embolization, this preparation may provide more tumor-specific treatment with doxorubicin compared to the systemic administration of doxorubicin, thereby reducing the systemic toxicity of doxorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HepaSphere Microspheres/Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PVA Microporous Hydrospheres/Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PVA Microporous Hydrospheres/Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QuadraSphere Microspheres/Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376223"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574045"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574045"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PVA_Microporous_Hydrospheres_Doxorubicin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1411":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel","code":"C1411","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma. It is also used together with another drug to treat non-small cell lung cancer. Paclitaxel is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks cell growth by stopping cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein Bcl-2 (B-cell Leukemia 2). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5Beta,20-epoxy-1,2alpha,4,7beta,10beta,13alpha-hexahydroxytax-11-en-9-one, 4,10-Diacetate 2-Benzoate 13-Ester with (2R,3S)-N-Benzoyl-3-phenylisoserine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anzatax","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asotax","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bristaxol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PACLITAXEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Praxel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Taxol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Taxol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxol Konzentrat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[2aR-[2a Alpha,4beta,4a beta,6beta,9alpha(alphaR*,betaS*),-11alpha,12alpha,12a alpha,12b alpha]]-beta-(benzoylamino)-alpha-hydroxybenzene-propanoic acid 6,12b-bis(acetyloxy)-12-(benzoyloxy)-1a,33,4,-41,5,6,9,10,11,12,12a,12b-dodecahydro-4,11-dihydroxy-41,8,-12,13-tetramethyl-5-oxo-7,11-methano-1H-cyclodeca[3,4]benz[1,2-b]oxet-9-yl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"673089"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"125973"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0144576"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"33069-62-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma; Bladder cancer; Breast cancer; Cervical cancer; Endometrial adenocarcinoma; Esophageal cancer; Head and Neck cancer; Lung cancer; non-small cell; Lymphoma; Ovarian cancer; Prostate cancer; Testicular cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P88XT4IS4D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39762"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39762"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C47H51NO14"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Paclitaxel"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:45863"}]}}{"C96934":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel Ceribate","code":"C96934","definitions":[{"description":"The ceribate ester form of paclitaxel, a compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin thereby inhibiting the disassembly of microtubules, resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein B-cell Leukemia 2 (BCL2).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7beta-((2RS)-2,3-dihydroxypropoxycarbonyloxy)-1-hydroxy-9-oxo-5beta,20-epoxytax-11-ene-2alpha,4,10beta,13alpha-tetrayl 4,10-diacetate 2-benzoate 13-((2R,3S)-3-benzamido-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PACLITAXEL CERIBATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Ceribate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273125"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"186040-50-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B3C86E80A0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C51H57NO18"}]}}{"C96037":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel Injection Concentrate for Nanodispersion","code":"C96037","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based injectable concentrate containing the water-insoluble taxane paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon reconstitution and administration, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. Compared to paclitaxel alone, the nanodispersion-based formulation uses less toxic solvents and allows for administration of higher doses resulting in higher concentrations of paclitaxel at the tumor site, and an increased safety profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PICN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Injection Concentrate for Nanodispersion","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Injection Concentrate for Nanodispersion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428371"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696555"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696555"}]}}{"C2631":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel Liposome","code":"C2631","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the anticancer drug paclitaxel that is contained in very tiny, fat-like particles. It may have fewer side effects and work better than paclitaxel. It is being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. Paclitaxel liposome blocks the ability of cells to divide and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of mitotic inhibitor and a type of antimicrotubule agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated formulation of paclitaxel, a taxoid compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia, with antineoplastic property. Paclitaxel binds to tubulin and interferes with the assembly/disassembly dynamics of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis via inactivation of the apoptosis inhibitor, B-cell Leukemia 2 (Bcl-2) protein. Paclitaxel liposome formulation potentially enhances delivery of higher doses of paclitaxel to the target tissues and exhibits lower systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEP-ETU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LipoTaxen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Liposome-Encapsulated Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU-93914","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liposomal paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"paclitaxel liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935868"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38323"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38323"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Paclitaxel_Liposome"}]}}{"C2785":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel PPE Microspheres","code":"C2785","definitions":[{"description":"A paclitaxel formulation containing paclitaxel incorporated in biodegradable polyphosphoester (PPE) polymer form with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal delivery, paclitaxel PPE microspheres slowly and continuously dissolve and deliver paclitaxel to the tumor site, where it binds to tubulin and inhibits the dynamics of disassembly-assembly of microtubules. As a result, this formulation induces cell cycle arrest and leads to cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Paclimer Microspheres","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclimer Microspheres (Polilactofate/Paclitaxel)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Biopolymer Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel PPE Microspheres","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"715074"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518843"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Paclitaxel_PPE_Microspheres"}]}}{"C1795":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel Poliglumex","code":"C1795","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the anticancer drug paclitaxel combined with a protein called poliglumex that may have fewer side effects and work better than paclitaxel. It is being studied in the treatment of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, and other types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The agent paclitaxel linked to a biodegradable, water-soluble polyglutamate polymer with antineoplastic properties. The polyglutamate residue increases the water solubility of paclitaxel and allows delivery of higher doses than those achievable with paclitaxel alone. Paclitaxel promotes microtubule assembly and prevents microtubule depolymerization, thus interfering with normal mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CT-2103","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CT-2103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT2103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PACLITAXEL POLIGLUMEX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PG-TXL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Poliglumex","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Poliglumex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Polyglutamate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel-Polyglutamate Polymer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly-L-Glutamic acid-Paclitaxel Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyglutamic Acid Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xyotax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Xyotax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"paclitaxel poliglumex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"paclitaxel polyglutamate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"724773"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1702776"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"263351-82-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TQ64FZ98ZN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38325"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38325"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H16N2O7(C52H56N2O16)n(C5H7NO3)n"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Paclitaxel_Polyglutamate"}]}}{"C148531":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel Polymeric Micelle Formulation NANT-008","code":"C148531","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation consisting of polymeric micelles encapsulating the taxane paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel is covalently bound to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based block copolymers which forms a micellar structure with an outer hydrophilic PEG shell surrounding the hydrophobic paclitaxel. Upon administration of the paclitaxel polymeric micelle formulation NANT-008, the nanoparticles are stable in the bloodstream and specifically accumulate in the tumor tissue. Due to the acidic conditions in the tumor and the pH-responsive nature of the micelles, paclitaxel is released in the tumor environment. Paclitaxel binds to microtubules, promotes microtubule assembly, and prevents depolymerization, thus interfering with normal mitosis. Compared to the administration of paclitaxel alone, this formulation increases the solubility of paclitaxel, enhances its specific retention in cancer tissue, and increases its therapeutic effect, while decreasing its toxicity. In addition, the micellar formulation allows the delivery of higher doses of paclitaxel to target tissues while minimizing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cynviloq","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genexol-PM","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IG-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micellar Nanoparticle-encapsulated NANT-008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NANT 008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NANT-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NANT008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nant-paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Polymeric Micelle Formulation NANT-008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel-loaded Micellar Diblock Copolymer NANT-008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel-loaded Polymeric Micelle NANT-008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551138"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792705"}]}}{"C99461":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel Trevatide","code":"C99461","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-drug conjugate containing the taxane paclitaxel covalently linked to the proprietary 19 amino acid peptide angiopep-2, in a 3:1 ratio, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, paclitaxel trevatide, via angiopep-2 moiety, binds to LRP-1 (low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1), which is highly expressed in blood brain barrier (BBB) and glioma cells. This binding allows the transcytosis of the agent across the BBB and the delivery of the cytotoxic agent paclitaxel. Compared to paclitaxel alone, GRN1005 is able to increase the concentration of paclitaxel in the brain and is also able to specifically deliver paclitaxel to LRP-1-overexpressing tumor cells, both in the brain and in the periphery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANG-1005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANG1005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRN1005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PACLITAXEL TREVATIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Trevatide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Trevatide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2604058"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8P77G99D3P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721733"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721733"}]}}{"C61079":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel Vitamin E-Based Emulsion","code":"C61079","definitions":[{"description":"A cremophor-free, P-glycoprotein-inhibiting, vitamin E-based emulsion particle formulation of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein B-cell Leukemia 2 (Bcl-2). The vitamin-E based emulsion allows bolus infusion without steroid premedication and may diminish hypersensitivity reactions. The tumor tissue may be passively targeted due to preferential deposition of emulsion particles while an emulsion formulation component inhibits the P-glycoprotein drug efflux pump.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PIE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Injectable Emulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Vitamin E-Based Emulsion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-8184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tocosol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541793"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"474798"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"474798"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tocosol_Paclitaxel"}]}}{"C48415":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel-Loaded Polymeric Micelle","code":"C48415","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the anticancer drug paclitaxel used to treat breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma. It is also used with another drug to treat non-small cell lung cancer. Paclitaxel is mixed with very tiny particles of a substance that makes it easier to dissolve in water. This allows higher doses of paclitaxel to be given. It is a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D,L-lactide) copolymer micelle nanoparticle-entrapped formulation of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel promotes microtubule assembly and prevents depolymerization, thus interfering with normal mitosis. The copolymer residue increases the water-solubility of paclitaxel and allows delivery of higher doses than those achievable with paclitaxel alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cynviloq TM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genexol PM","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IG-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel-Loaded Polymeric Micelle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"paclitaxel-loaded polymeric micelle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709446"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"434427"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"434427"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Paclitaxel-Loaded_Polymeric_Micelle"}]}}{"C78837":{"preferredName":"Pacritinib","code":"C78837","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and the JAK2 mutant JAK2V617F with potential antineoplastic activity. Oral JAK2 inhibitor SB1518 competes with JAK2 for ATP binding, which may result in inhibition of JAK2 activation, inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and so caspase-dependent apoptosis. JAK2 is the most common mutated gene in bcr-abl-negative myeloproliferative disorders; the JAK2V617F gain-of-function mutation involves a valine-to-phenylalanine modification at position 617. The JAK-STAT signaling pathway is a major mediator of cytokine activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral JAK2 Inhibitor SB1518","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PACRITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pacritinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pacritinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB 1518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-1518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB1518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703133"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"937272-79-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G22N65IL3O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609888"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609888"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H32N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"JAK2_Inhibitor_SB1518"}]}}{"C78481":{"preferredName":"Padeliporfin","code":"C78481","definitions":[{"description":"A vascular-acting photosensitizer consisting of a water-soluble, palladium-substituted bacteriochlorophyll derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, paldeliporfin is activated locally when the tumor bed is exposed to low-power laser light; reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed upon activation and ROS-mediated necrosis may occur at the site of interaction between the photosensitizer, light and oxygen. Vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) with padeliporfin may allow tumor-site specific cytotoxicity while sparing adjacent normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PADELIPORFIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Padeliporfin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Padeliporfin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palladium-Bacteriochlorophyll Derivative WST11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WST11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387568"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"759457-82-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EEO29FZT86"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600817"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600817"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C37H43N5O9S.Pd"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Palladium-Bacteriochlorophyll_Derivative_WST11"}]}}{"C61321":{"preferredName":"Padoporfin","code":"C61321","definitions":[{"description":"A novel palladium-substituted bacteriochlorophyll derivative and photosensitizer with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration, inactive padoporfin is activated locally when the tumor bed is exposed to photoirradiation; the activated form induces local cytotoxic processes, resulting in local tissue damage, disruption of tumor vasculature, and tumor hypoxia and necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(Hydrogen 3-((2(sup 2)R,7R,8R,17S,18S)-12-acetyl-7-ethyl-2(sup 2)-(methoxycarbonyl)-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-2(sup 1)-oxo-2(sup 1),2(sup 2),7,8,17,18-hexahydrocyclopenta(at)porphyrin-18-yl)propanoato-kappa4N(sup 21),N(sup 22),N(sup 23),N(sup 24))palladium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PADOPORFIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Padoporfin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tookad","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WST09","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1136634"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"274679-00-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OIH1H7CJCJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"483132"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"483132"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Palladium-Bacteriopheophorbide"}]}}{"C49176":{"preferredName":"Palbociclib","code":"C49176","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Palbociclib selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation early in the G1 phase leading to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of cell cycle progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Acetyl-8-cyclopentyl-5-methyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-8h-pyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-7-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ibrance","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PALBOCICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PD 0332991","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 332991","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 991","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-0332991","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palbociclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Palbociclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-7(8H)-one, 6-Acetyl-8-cyclopentyl-5-methyl-2-((5-(1-piperazinyl)-2-pyridinyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3853822"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"571190-30-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"hormone receptor (HR) positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G9ZF61LE7G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"454586"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"454586"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H29N7O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PD-0332991"}]}}{"C120259":{"preferredName":"Palbociclib Isethionate","code":"C120259","definitions":[{"description":"The isethionate salt form of palbociclib, an orally available cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Palbociclib selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation early in the G1 phase leading to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of cell cycle progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Acetyl-8-cyclopentyl-5-methyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino(pyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-7(8h)-one mono(2-hydroxyethanesulfonate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PALBOCICLIB ISETHIONATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PD 0332991-0054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-00080665-73","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palbociclib Isethionate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Palbociclib Isethionate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896941"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"827022-33-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W1NYL2IRDR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H29N7O2.C2-H6-O4-S"}]}}{"C66990":{"preferredName":"Palifosfamide","code":"C66990","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic mustard compound with potential antineoplastic activity. An active metabolite of ifosfamide covalently linked to the amino acid lysine for stability, palifosfamide irreversibly alkylates and cross-links DNA through GC base pairs, resulting in irreparable 7-atom inter-strand cross-links; inhibition of DNA replication and cell death follow. Unlike ifosfamide, this agent is not metabolized to acrolein or chloroacetaldehyde, metabolites associated with bladder and CNS toxicities. In addition, because palifosfamide does not require activation by aldehyde dehydrogenase, it may overcome the tumor resistance seen with ifosfamide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IPM-Lysine","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isophosphoramide Mustard-Lysine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N'-Di-(2-chloroethyl)phosphorodiamidic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PALIFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Palifosfamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Palifosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZIO-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"6821629"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"297900"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0064039"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"31645-39-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6A4U6NN813"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"538996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"538996"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H11Cl2N2O2P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Isophosphoramide_Mustard-Lysine"}]}}{"C95703":{"preferredName":"Palifosfamide Tromethamine","code":"C95703","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic mustard compound of the tromethamine (tris) salt of palifosfamide (Isophosphamide mustard), with potential antineoplastic activity. As the stabilized active metabolite of ifosfamide, palifosfamide irreversibly alkylates and crosslinks DNA through GC base pairs, resulting in irreparable 7-atom interstrand crosslinks. This leads to an inhibition of DNA replication and ultimately cell death. Unlike ifosfamide, this agent is not metabolized to acrolein or chloroacetaldehyde, metabolites associated with bladder and CNS toxicities. In addition, because palifosfamide does not require activation by aldehyde dehydrogenase, it may overcome the tumor resistance seen with ifosfamide. Stabilization with tris instead of lysine further increases stability and may further decrease nephrotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PALIFOSFAMIDE TROMETHAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Palifosfamide Tris","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palifosfamide Tromethamine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Palifosfamide Tromethamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphorodiamidic Acid, N,N'-bis(2-chloroethyl)-, Compd. with 2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol (1:1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZIO-201-T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987344"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1070409-31-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0X5A3C04ID"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689807"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689807"}]}}{"C2550":{"preferredName":"Palladium Pd-103","code":"C2550","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive form of palladium (a metallic element that resembles platinum). When used to treat prostate cancer, radioactive seeds (small pellets that contain radioactive palladium) are placed in the prostate. Cancer cells are killed by the energy given off as the radioactive material breaks down and becomes more stable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioisotope of the metal palladium used in brachytherapy implants or 'seed'. With a half-life of 17 days, palladium 103 administered with brachytherapy allows continuous, tumor-site specific low-energy irradiation to the tumor cell population while sparing normal adjacent tissues from radiotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Palladium Pd 103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palladium Pd-103","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Palladium Pd-103","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palladium-103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pd 103","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"radioactive palladium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0303566"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Early Stage Prostate Cancer; Localized Tumours of the Head, Neck, Lung, Pancreas, Breast, Intraocular and Uterus."},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38046"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38046"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Palladium_103"}]}}{"C47650":{"preferredName":"Palonosetron Hydrochloride","code":"C47650","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat nausea and vomiting caused by cancer treatment. It is a type of serotonin receptor antagonist and a type of antiemetic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of palonosetron, a carbazole derivative and a selective serotonin receptor antagonist with antiemetic activity. Palonosetron competitively blocks the action of serotonin at 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptors located on vagal afferents in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), resulting in suppression of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. The CTZ is located in the area postrema on the dorsal surface of the medulla oblongata at the caudal end of the fourth ventricle and outside the blood-brain barrier (BBB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Benz(de)isoquinolin-1-one, 2-(3S)-1-azabicyclo(2.2.2)oct-3-yl-2,3,3a,4,5,6-hexahydro-, Monohydrochloride,(3aS)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aloxi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Aloxi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PALONOSETRON HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Palonosetron Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Palonosetron Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RS 25259-197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"palonosetron hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1310734"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"135729-62-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"23310D4I19"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486366"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486366"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H24N2O.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Palonosetron_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1345":{"preferredName":"Pamidronate Disodium","code":"C1345","definitions":[{"description":"The disodium salt of the synthetic bisphosphonate pamidronate. Although its mechanism of action is not completely understood, pamidronate appears to adsorb to calcium phosphate crystals in bone, blocking their dissolution by inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. This agent does not inhibit bone mineralization and formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aminomux","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aredia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GCP-23339A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAMIDRONATE DISODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pamidronate Disodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pamidronate Disodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"720699"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0356588"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"109552-15-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hypercalcemia of malignancy; Osteolytic bone lesions of multiple myeloma; Osteolytic bone metastases of breast cancer; Pagets disease"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8742T8ZQZA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39149"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39149"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C3H9NO7P2.2Na.5H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pamidronate_Disodium"}]}}{"C61875":{"preferredName":"Pamidronic Acid","code":"C61875","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat hypercalcemia (too much calcium in the blood) and cancer that has spread to the bones. It belongs to the family of drugs called bisphosphonates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An amino- bisphosphonate with anti-resorptive and anti-hypercalcemic activities. Pamidronic acid binds to and adsorbs onto hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone matrix, thereby preventing osteoclast resorption. This agent also binds to and inhibits farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, an enzyme that plays an important role in the mevalonate pathway. This inhibits the formation of isoprenoid metabolites that are substrates for protein prenylation. This prevents farnesylation and geranylgeranylation of proteins essential for osteoclast function, leading to the induction of apoptosis of osteoclasts. By preventing osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, pamidronic acid decreases bone turnover rate, stabilizes the bone matrix and reduces hypercalcemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PAMIDRONIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pamidronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pamidronic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Pamidronic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pamidronate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0043603"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"40391-99-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OYY3447OMC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C3H11NO7P2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pamidronic_Acid"}]}}{"C120553":{"preferredName":"Pamiparib","code":"C120553","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pamiparib selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated repair of single-strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair (BER) pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability, and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP is activated by single-strand DNA breaks and, subsequently, catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins which then transduce signals to recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA. Pamiparib may both potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell chemo- and radioresistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,6,7a,11-Tetraazacyclohepta(def)cyclopenta(a)fluoren-4(7H)-one, 2-Fluoro-5,8,9,10,10a,11-hexahydro-10a-methyl-, (10aR)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-290","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAMIPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor BGB-290","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pamiparib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pamiparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053665"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1446261-44-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8375F9S90C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769217"}]}}{"C68832":{"preferredName":"Pan HER/VEGFR2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-690514","code":"C68832","definitions":[{"description":"A pyrrolotriazine-based compound and a pan inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pan HER/VEGFR2 receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor BMS-690514 binds to human epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) 1, 2 and 4 (HER1, HER2 and HER4) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1, 2 and 3 (VEGFR-1, -2 and -3), all of which are frequently overexpressed by a variety of tumor types. Binding of this agent to these receptors may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation; the inhibition of endothelial cell migration and proliferation and angiogenesis; and tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-690514","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan HER/VEGFR2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-690514","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan HER/VEGFR2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-690514","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831893"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489386"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489386"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pan_HER_VEGFR2_Receptor_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_BMS-690154"}]}}{"C128250":{"preferredName":"Pan-AKT Inhibitor ARQ751","code":"C128250","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pan inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B) enzyme family with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AKT inhibitor ARQ 751 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of the AKT isoforms 1, 2 and 3, which may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway. This may lead to a reduction in tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The AKT signaling pathway is often deregulated in cancer and is associated with tumor cell proliferation, survival and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AKT Inhibitor ARQ751","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ 751","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ751","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-AKT Inhibitor ARQ751","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-AKT Inhibitor ARQ751","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507932"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781919"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781919"}]}}{"C71711":{"preferredName":"Pan-AKT Kinase Inhibitor GSK690693","code":"C71711","definitions":[{"description":"An aminofurazan-derived inhibitor of Akt kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pan-AKT kinase inhibitor GSK-690693 binds to and inhibits Akt kinases 1, 2, and 3, which may result in the inhibition of protein phosphorylation events downstream from Akt kinases in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and, subsequently, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent may inhibit other protein kinases including protein kinase C (PKC) and protein kinase A (PKA). As serine/threonine protein kinases which are involved in a number of biological processes, AKT kinases promote cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis and are required for glucose transport.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK690693","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-AKT Kinase Inhibitor GSK690693","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-AKT Kinase Inhibitor GSK690693","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347443"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560189"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560189"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pan-AKT_Inhibitor_GSK-690693"}]}}{"C139004":{"preferredName":"Pan-FGFR Inhibitor LY2874455","code":"C139004","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pan-inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR inhibitor LY2874455 binds to and inhibits FGFR subtypes 1 (FGFR1), 2 (FGFR2), 3 (FGFR3) and 4 (FGFR4), which results in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits both tumor angiogenesis and proliferation of FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation, cell survival and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LY2874455","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan FGFR Inhibitor LY2874455","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor LY2874455","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-FGFR Inhibitor LY2874455","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-FGFR Inhibitor LY2874455","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433720"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1254473-64-7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790959"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790959"}]}}{"C162573":{"preferredName":"Pan-FLT3/Pan-BTK Multi-kinase Inhibitor CG-806","code":"C162573","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable reversible, pan-inhibitor of both FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2) and Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the pan-FLT3/pan-BTK multi-kinase inhibitor CG-806 targets, non-covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of both FLT3, including both wild-type (WT) FLT3 and FLT3-ITD (internal tandem duplications), tyrosine kinase domain (FLT3-TKD), and gatekeeper (FLT3-F691L) mutant forms, and BTK, including both the WT and its C481S mutant (BTK-C481S) form. This inhibits both uncontrolled FLT3-mediated and B-cell antigen receptor (BCR)-mediated signaling, respectively. This results in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing FLT3 and BTK. In addition, CG-806 also inhibits, to a lesser degree, other oncogenic kinases, such as MET, RET, discoidin domain-containing receptor 2 (DDR2), Aurora kinase A, and interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase (ITK). FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs), and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases essential to BCR signaling, is overexpressed or mutated in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CG 806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CG'806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CG-026806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CG-806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CG806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLT3/BTK Inhibitor CG 806","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-FLT3/BTK Multi-Kinase Inhibitor CG 806","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-FLT3/Pan-BTK Inhibitor CG-806","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-FLT3/Pan-BTK Multi-kinase Inhibitor CG-806","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-FLT3/Pan-BTK Multi-kinase Inhibitor CG-806","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798821"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798821"}]}}{"C122874":{"preferredName":"Pan-IDH Mutant Inhibitor AG-881","code":"C122874","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of mutated forms of both isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1, IDH1 [NADP+] soluble) in the cytoplasm and type 2 (IDH2, isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP+], mitochondrial) in the mitochondria, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-IDH mutant inhibitor AG-881 specifically inhibits mutant forms of IDH1 and IDH2, thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells expressing IDH mutations. In addition, AG-881 is able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). IDH1 and 2, metabolic enzymes that catalyze the conversion of isocitrate into a-KG, play key roles in energy production and are mutated in a variety of cancer cell types. In addition, mutant forms of IDH1 and 2 catalyze the formation of 2HG and drive cancer growth by blocking cellular differentiation and inducing cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG-881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDH1/2 Mutant Inhibitor AG-881","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan IDH Mutant Inhibitor AG-881","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-IDH Mutant Inhibitor AG-881","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-IDH Mutant Inhibitor AG-881","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053681"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774431"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774431"}]}}{"C131690":{"preferredName":"Pan-Mutant-IDH1 Inhibitor Bay-1436032","code":"C131690","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available pan-inhibitor of mutant forms of the metabolic enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1; IDH-1; IDH1 [NADP+] soluble), including forms with mutations of arginine 132 (IDH1(R132)), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-mutant-IDH-1 inhibitor BAY-1436032 specifically inhibits the activity of IDH1 mutant forms, which prevents the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells expressing IDH1 mutant forms. IDH1 mutations, including IDH1(R132) mutations, are highly expressed in certain malignancies; they initiate and drive cancer growth by both blocking cell differentiation and catalyzing the formation of 2HG.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(2-((4-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)amino)-1-((1R,5R)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)propanoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1436032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1436032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1436032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-Mutant-IDH1 Inhibitor Bay-1436032","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-Mutant-IDH1 Inhibitor Bay-1436032","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514346"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1803274-65-8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786302"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786302"}]}}{"C124226":{"preferredName":"Pan-PIM Inhibitor INCB053914","code":"C124226","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule and selective ATP-competitive pan-inhibitor of proviral integration sites for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-PIM kinase inhibitor INCB053914 binds to and inhibits the activities of the three PIM isoforms, PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3. This prevents phosphorylation of their downstream targets and inhibits proliferation in cells that overexpress PIMs. PIMs, constitutively active proto-oncogenic serine/threonine kinases upregulated in various types of cancers, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INCB 053914","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB053914","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB53914","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-PIM Inhibitor INCB053914","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-PIM Inhibitor INCB053914","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor INCB053914","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502606"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776689"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776689"}]}}{"C116861":{"preferredName":"Pan-RAF Inhibitor LY3009120","code":"C116861","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of all members of the serine/threonine protein kinase Raf family, including A-Raf, B-Raf and C-Raf protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-RAF kinase inhibitor LY3009120 inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may inhibit tumor cell growth. Raf protein kinases play a key role in the RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, which is often dysregulated in human cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DP-4978","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3009120","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY-3009120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3009120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-RAF Inhibitor LY3009120","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-RAF Inhibitor LY3009120","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896821"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1GDT36RARO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756062"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756062"}]}}{"C2062":{"preferredName":"Pan-RAR Agonist/AP-1 Inhibitor LGD 1550","code":"C2062","definitions":[{"description":"An orally-active synthetic aromatic retinoic acid agent with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. LGD 1550 selectively binds to all three retinoic acid receptors (RAR-alpha, RAR-beta, and RAR-gamma), resulting in alterations in the expression of genes responsible for cell differentiation and proliferation. This agent also acts as an inhibitor of activator protein 1 (AP-1), a protein that mediates trophic responses and malignant transformation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E,4E,6E)-7-[3,5-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl]-3-methyl-2,4,6-octatrienoic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"LGD 1550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-RAR Agonist/AP-1 Inhibitor LGD 1550","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1517688"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"178600-20-9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LGD_1550"}]}}{"C140379":{"preferredName":"Pan-TRK Inhibitor ONO-7579","code":"C140379","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective pan-tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ONO-7579 specifically targets and binds to TRK and fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1 (NTRK1; TrkA), 2 (NTRK2; TrkB), and 3 (NTRK3; TrkC). This inhibits neurotrophin-TRK interaction and TRK activation, thereby preventing the activation of downstream signaling pathways and resulting in both the induction of cellular apoptosis and the inhibition of cell growth in tumors that overexpress TRK and/or express NTRK fusion proteins. TRK, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) activated by neurotrophins, is encoded by NTRK family genes.The expression of either mutated forms of, or fusion proteins involving, NTRK family members results in uncontrolled TRK signaling, which plays an important role in tumor cell growth, survival, invasion and treatment resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ONO 7579","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO-7579","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO7579","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-TRK Inhibitor ONO-7579","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-TRK Inhibitor ONO-7579","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK Inhibitor ONO-7579","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538536"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793096"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793096"}]}}{"C82379":{"preferredName":"Pan-VEGFR/TIE2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CEP-11981","code":"C82379","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinases with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Pan-VEGFR/Tie2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor CEP-11981 selectively binds to VEGFR and Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinases, which may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell migration, proliferation and survival and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. VEGFR and Tie2 are frequently overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types and play crucial roles in the regulation of angiogenesis and the maintenance of tumor blood vessels. Tie2 (tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains) is activated by angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4H-Indazolo(5,4-a)pyrrolo(3,4-C)carbazol-4-one, 2,5,6,11,12,13-Hexahydro-2-methyl-11-(2-methylpropyl)-8-(2-pyrimidinylamino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOL-303213X","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP 11981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-11981","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CEP-11981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESK 981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESK-981","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESK981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-VEGFR/TIE2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CEP-11981","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-VEGFR/TIE2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CEP-11981","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830064"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"856691-93-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J8AY0Z4CBP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641461"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641461"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oral_Pan-VEGFR_TIE2_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_CEP-11981"}]}}{"C1184":{"preferredName":"Pancratistatin","code":"C1184","definitions":[{"description":"A isoquinoline alkaloid from amaryllis with antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancratistatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Pancratistatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"349156"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070005"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"96281-31-1"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pancratistatin"}]}}{"C1857":{"preferredName":"Panitumumab","code":"C1857","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody that is being used to treat colorectal cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. It is used in patients whose disease has not gotten better during or after treatment with other anticancer drugs. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. ABX-EGF binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and may block tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody produced in transgenic mice that attaches to the transmembrane epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. Panitumumab may inhibit autocrine EGF stimulation of tumor cells that express the EGF receptor, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABX-EGF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ABX-EGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABX-EGF Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABX-EGF, Clone E7.6.3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb ABX-EGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody ABX-EGF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANITUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Panitumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Panitumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vectibix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Vectibix","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"panitumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"panitumumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879427"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"339177-26-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Advanced Stage Colorectal Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6A901E312A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37857"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37857"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_ABX-EGF"}]}}{"C150717":{"preferredName":"Panobinostat Nanoparticle Formulation MTX110","code":"C150717","definitions":[{"description":"A gold nanoparticle (GNP)-based formulation containing panobinostat, a pan histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intra-tumoral injection of MTX110, panobinostat is released from the formulation and selectively targets, binds to and inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC), which induces hyperacetylation of core histone proteins. The accumulation of highly acetylated histones leads to chromatin remodeling, an altered pattern of gene expression, inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes. This results in the inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is an enzyme family that deacetylates histone proteins. Panobinostat is water insoluble and does not cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) when administered orally or intravenously. MTX110 solubilizes panobinostat and can be directly injected into the brain, which bypasses the BBB and delivers high concentrations of panobinostat to the tumor, while minimizing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MTX 110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTX-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTX110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panobinostat Nanoparticle Formulation MTX110","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Panobinostat Nanoparticle Formulation MTX110","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552518"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793526"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793526"}]}}{"C38693":{"preferredName":"Paricalcitol","code":"C38693","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being used to treat overactive parathyroid glands in patients with kidney failure. It is also being studied in the treatment of cancer. Paricalcitol belongs to the family of drugs called vitamin D analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic noncalcemic, nonphosphatemic vitamin D analogue. Paricalcitol binds to the vitamin D receptor and has been shown to reduce parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. This agent also increases the expression of PTEN ('Phosphatase and Tensin homolog deleted on chromosome Ten'), a tumor-suppressor gene, in leukemic cells and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis and tumor cell differentiation into normal phenotypes. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(7e,22e)-19-Nor-9,10-Secoergosta-5,7,22-Triene-1Alpha,3Beta,25-Triol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compound 49510","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARICALCITOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Paricalcitol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paricalcitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zemplar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"paricalcitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0724464"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"131918-61-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Secondary hyperparathyroidism, prevention and treatment"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6702D36OG5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"315740"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"315740"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H44O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Paricalcitol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7931"}]}}{"C90567":{"preferredName":"Parsatuzumab","code":"C90567","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor-like domain multiple 7 (EGFL7) with potential antineoplastic activity. Parsatuzumab binds to EGFL7, thereby preventing the activities of EGFL7 on endothelial cells and inhibiting the survival and migration of endothelial cells during angiogenesis. EGFL7, a vascular-restricted extracellular matrix protein which is upregulated during angiogenesis and which regulates vascular development, may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor-like Domain 7 Monoclonal Antibody MEGF0444A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEGF 0444A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEGF0444A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARSATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Parsatuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Parsatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416251"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"435M4HCP2M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"646991"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"646991"}]}}{"C96229":{"preferredName":"Parvovirus H-1","code":"C96229","definitions":[{"description":"A replication-competent oncolytic parvovirus with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infection of host cells, parvovirus H-1 preferentially replicates in tumor cells compared to healthy normal cells, thereby potentially resulting in tumor cell lysis and leading to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. In addition, H1-infected tumor cells strongly induce the release of the inducible heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72i), which chaperone tumor associated antigens in the H1-mediated tumor lysates and may activate antigen presenting cells (APCs), thereby leading to antitumor immune responses. Parvovirus H-1 does not cause any pathogenic effect in normal, healthy cells and is able to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H-1PV","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ParvOryx","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parvovirus H-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0319116"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697624"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697624"}]}}{"C69131":{"preferredName":"Pasireotide","code":"C69131","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic long-acting cyclic peptide with somatostatin-like activity. Pasireotide activates a broad spectrum of somatostatin receptors, exhibiting a much higher binding affinity for somatostatin receptors 1, 3, and 5 than octreotide in vitro, as well as a comparable binding affinity for somatostatin receptor 2. This agent is more potent than somatostatin in inhibiting the release of human growth hormone (HGH), glucagon, and insulin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cyclo((4R)-4-(2-aminoethylcarbamoyloxy)-L-prolyl-L-phenylglycyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-4-O-benzyl-L-tyrosyl-L-phenylalanyl-)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PASIREOTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pasireotide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pasireotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOM230","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1872203"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"396091-73-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"98H1T17066"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"540440"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"540440"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C58H66N10O9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pasireotide"}]}}{"C103827":{"preferredName":"Pasotuxizumab","code":"C103827","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant T-cell engaging bispecific monoclonal antibody (BiTE) directed against human prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and the CD3 epsilon subunit of the T cell receptor complex, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Pasotuxizumab possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for PSMA, and one for the CD3 complex, a group of T cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T cell receptor (TCR). This bispecific monoclonal antibody brings PSMA-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) together, which may result in the CTL-mediated cell death of PSMA-expressing cells. PSMA, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG-212","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY2010112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PASOTUXIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pasotuxizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438307"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1442657-12-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9J6SW7G28J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742717"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742717"}]}}{"C80063":{"preferredName":"Patidegib","code":"C80063","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, cyclopamine-derived inhibitor of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Specifically, patidegib binds to and inhibits the cell membrane-spanning G-protein coupled receptor SMO, which may result in the suppression of Hh pathway signaling and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation and survival. SMO is activated upon binding of Hh ligand to the cell surface receptor Patched (PTCH); inappropriate activation of Hh signaling and uncontrolled cellular proliferation may be associated with SMO mutations. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in proliferation of neuronal precursor cells in the developing cerebellum and other tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIN-5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IP9 Free Base","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-926","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-926 Free Base","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PATIDEGIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Patidegib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Patidegib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Saridegib","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Saridegib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist IPI-926","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703211"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1037210-93-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JT96FPU35X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"616875"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"616875"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H48N2O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Smoothened_Antagonist_IPI-926"}]}}{"C158420":{"preferredName":"Patidegib Topical Gel","code":"C158420","definitions":[{"description":"A topical gel containing patidegib, a cyclopamine-derived inhibitor of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical application of the patidegib gel, patidegib binds to and inhibits the activity of the G-protein coupled receptor smoothened (SMO), thereby inhibiting Hh pathway signaling. This decreases proliferation and survival in tumor cells in which the Hh pathway is overactivated. Upregulated Hh signaling is associated with uncontrolled tumor cell proliferation. Topical application of patidegib allows for local anti-tumor activity while avoiding systemic exposure and unwanted systemic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IPI-926 Topical Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Patidegib Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Patidegib Topical Gel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Patidegib Topical Gel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937835"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C78853":{"preferredName":"Patritumab","code":"C78853","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the membrane-bound receptor HER3 (ERBB3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Patritumab binds to and inhibits HER3 activation, which may result in inhibition of HER3-dependent PI3K/Akt signaling and so inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in solid tumors, including breast, lung, and colorectal tumors of epithelial origin; it has no active kinase domain itself but is activated through heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family that do.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PATRITUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Patritumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Patritumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U3-1287","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698144"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1262787-83-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"86780VJI1Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612849"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612849"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-HER3_Monoclonal_Antibody_U3-1287"}]}}{"C1623":{"preferredName":"Patupilone","code":"C1623","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of epothilone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A compound isolated from the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum. Similar to paclitaxel, patupilone induces microtubule polymerization and stabilizes microtubules against depolymerization conditions. In addition to promoting tubulin polymerization and stabilization of microtubules, this agent is cytotoxic for cells overexpressing P-glycoprotein, a characteristic that distinguishes it from the taxanes. Patupilone may cause complete cell-cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Epothilone B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(1S,3S,7S,10R,11S,12S,16R)-7,11-Dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-3-[(1E)-1-methyl-2-(2-methyl-4-thiazolyl)ethenyl]-4,17-dioxabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(1S,3S,7S,10R,11S,12S,16R)-7,11-Dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-3-[(1E)-1-methyl-2-(2-methyl-4-thiazolyl)ethenyl]-4,17-dioxabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPO-906A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPO906","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Epothilone B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PATUPILONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Patupilone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Patupilone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"epothilone B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0297960"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"152044-54-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UEC0H0URSE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38702"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38702"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H41NO6S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Epothilone_B"}]}}{"C74547":{"preferredName":"Pazopanib","code":"C74547","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat kidney cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of multiple protein tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pazopanib selectively inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR)-1, -2 and -3, c-kit and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R), which may result in inhibition of angiogenesis in tumors in which these receptors are upregulated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, 5-((4-((2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)methylamino)-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-2-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW786034","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GW786034","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAZOPANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pazopanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831796"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"790713-33-6"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"444731-52-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7RN5DR86CK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H23N7O2S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pazopanib_Base"}]}}{"C60779":{"preferredName":"Pazopanib Hydrochloride","code":"C60779","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat kidney cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a small molecule inhibitor of multiple protein tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pazopanib selectively inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR)-1, -2 and -3, c-kit and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R), which may result in inhibition of angiogenesis in tumors in which these receptors are upregulated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-((4-((2,3-Dimethyl-2h-Indazol-6-Yl)Methylamino)Pyrimidin-2-yl)Amino)-2-Methylbenzenesulfonamide Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW786034B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAZOPANIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pazopanib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pazopanib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Votrient","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Votrient","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pazopanib hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"737754"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1872226"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"635702-64-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"33Y9ANM545"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"476479"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"476479"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H23N7O2S.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pazopanib"}]}}{"C91702":{"preferredName":"Pegargiminase","code":"C91702","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of melanoma, liver cancer, and other types of cancer. It breaks down the amino acid arginine and may block the growth of cancer cells that need arginine to grow. It is a type of iminohydrolase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An agent consisting of the arginine-degrading enzyme arginine deiminase combined with polyethylene glycol (20,000 MW) (ADI-PEG 20) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pegargiminase breaks down the amino acid arginine into citrulline. Although arginine is a nonessential amino acid for normal human cells, certain cancer cells are autotrophic for arginine and need arginine in order to survive. Depletion of arginine may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in those cancer cells. ADI is coupled to PEG in order to enhance this agent's half-life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADI-PEG 20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PEGARGIMINASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegargiminase","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegargiminase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pegylated arginine deiminase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328192"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1394129-74-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0B7PYQ9YRT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355725"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355725"}]}}{"C1200":{"preferredName":"Pegaspargase","code":"C1200","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is a form of the drug asparaginase that is linked to a substance called PEG, which makes the drug stay in the body longer. Asparaginase is an enzyme that breaks down the amino acid asparagine and may block the growth of tumor cells that need asparagine to grow. It is a type of protein synthesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A complex of polyethylene glycol conjugated with L-asparaginase. Asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia, thereby depleting these cells of asparagine and blocking protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation, especially in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The agent also induces apoptosis in tumor cells. Pegylation decreases the enzyme's antigenicity. Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in leukemic cells, which cannot synthesize this amino acid due to the absence of the enzyme asparagine synthase. 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CT-322 may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pegylated form of a thermostable and protease resistant peptide targeting human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) with potential antiangiogenic activity. Derived from the 10th type III domain of human fibronectin and one of the natural ligands, pegdinetanib binds to VEGFR-2 and prevents activation of VEGFR-2 by other activating ligands. This may inhibit the growth of new tumor blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiocept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Angiocept","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-844203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-322","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CT-322","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEGDINETANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegdinetanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegdinetanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR-2 inhibitor CT-322","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831965"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"906450-24-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SSB56T0M0L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575516"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575516"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CT-322"}]}}{"C1854":{"preferredName":"Pegfilgrastim","code":"C1854","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to increase numbers of white blood cells in patients who are receiving chemotherapy. It is a type of colony-stimulating factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A long-acting pegylated form of a recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to an endogenous human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Produced endogenously by monocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, G-CSF binds to and activates specific cell surface receptors, stimulating neutrophil progenitor proliferation and differentiation and selected neutrophil functions. Conjugation of the cytokine with a branched polyethylene glycol molecule (pegylation) significantly increases its therapeutic half-life. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Filgrastim SD-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fulphila","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSP-130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jinyouli","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neulasta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Neulasta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neulastim","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEGFILGRASTIM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegfilgrastim","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegfilgrastim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegfilgrastim Biosimilar HSP-130","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegfilgrastim Biosimilar Pegcyte","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegfilgrastim-jmdb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SD-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SD-01 sustained duration G-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"filgrastim-SD/01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pegfilgrastim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"725961"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1136535"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"208265-92-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3A58010674"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37807"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37807"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C3H8NO(C2H4O)n"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pegfilgrastim"}]}}{"C113295":{"preferredName":"Pegilodecakin","code":"C113295","definitions":[{"description":"A covalent conjugate of recombinant human interleukin-10 (IL-10) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), with potential anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, pegilodecakin may activate cell-mediated immunity against cancer cells by stimulating the differentiation and expansion of tumor specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. This agent may also lower serum cholesterol levels and reduce atherosclerotic plaques by inhibiting the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as Interferon-gamma, IL-2, IL-3, TNF-alpha, and GM-CSF. The PEG moiety inhibits proteolytic breakdown and clearance of AM0010, which prolongs its half-life, extends the duration of its therapeutic effects and allows less frequent dosing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AM-0010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AM0010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-rHuIL-10 AM0010","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEGILODECAKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegilodecakin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458142"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1966111-35-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5Z9850I25F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756011"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756011"}]}}{"C33987":{"preferredName":"Peginterferon Alfa-2a","code":"C33987","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat hepatitis C infections. It is also being studied in the treatment and prevention of cancer. It is a cytokine that is modified in the laboratory. It is a type of biological response modifier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A covalent conjugate of recombinant interferon alfa, subtype 2a, and polyethylene glycol (PEG), used as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. The biological activity of this agent is derived from its interferon alpha-2a protein moiety. Interferons alfa bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer and immune-modulating effects. The PEG moiety lowers the clearance of interferon alpha-2a, thereby extending the duration of its therapeutic effects, but may also reduce interferon-mediated stimulation of an immune response. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEG-Interferon Alfa-2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-interferon alfa-2a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegasys","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Pegasys","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peginterferon Alfa-2a","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Peginterferon Alfa-2a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"729130"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0391001"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"198153-51-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic hepatitis C; renal cell carcinoma; advanced melanoma; chronic myelogenous leukaemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q46947FE7K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"335280"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"335280"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H18N3O5(C2H4O)n(C2H4O)n"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PEG-Interferon_Alfa-2a"}]}}{"C1845":{"preferredName":"Peginterferon Alfa-2b","code":"C1845","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat hepatitis C infections. It is also being studied in the treatment and prevention of cancer. It is a cytokine that is modified in the laboratory. It is a type of biological response modifier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A covalent conjugate of recombinant interferon alpha, subtype 2b, and polyethylene glycol (PEG), used as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. The biological activity of this agent is derived from its interferon alpha-2b protein moiety. Interferons alfa bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. The PEG moiety lowers the clearance of interferon alpha-2b, thereby extending the duration of its therapeutic effects, but may also reduce the interferon-mediated stimulation of an immune response. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEG Interferon Alpha-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG Intron","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-IFN Alfa-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-IFN-a 2b","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-Interferon Alfa-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-Intron","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PEG-Intron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-interferon alfa-2b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Peginterferon Alfa-2b","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Peginterferon Alfa-2b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Interferon Alpha-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyethylene Glycol IFN-A2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyethylene Glycol Interferon Alfa-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 54031","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Sylatron","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"720033"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796545"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"215647-85-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"chronic hepatitis C; renal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G8RGG88B68"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43407"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43407"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C2H4NO2(C2H4O)n"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PEG-Interferon_Alfa-2B"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63615"}]}}{"C61881":{"preferredName":"Pegvisomant","code":"C61881","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated, recombinant, human growth hormone (GH) structural analog with GH receptor antagonist activity. As a GH analog, the structure of pegvisomant is similar to that of native GH with the exception of 9 amino acid substitutions. Pegvisomant selectively binds to GH receptors on cell surfaces, interfering with endogenous GH receptor binding and so GH signal transduction. Inhibition of GH signal transduction results in decreased serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and other GH-responsive serum proteins, including IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and the acid-labile subunit (ALS), and may inhibit the growth of cancers in which IGF-1 is upregulated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEGVISOMANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegvisomant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Pegvisomant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegvisomant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatotropin (18-Aspartic Acid, 21-Asparagine, 120-Lysine, 167-Asparagine, 168-Alanine, 171-Serine, 172-Arginine, 174-Serine, 179-Threonine) (Human), Pegylated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somavert","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trovert","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0913469"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"218620-50-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N824AOU5XV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655949"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655949"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pegvisomant"}]}}{"C162508":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Deoxycytidine Analogue DFP-14927","code":"C162508","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated formulation containing DFP-10917, an analogue of the nucleoside deoxycytidine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the pegylated deoxycytidine analogue DFP-14927 is incorporated into the DNA of rapidly proliferating cells, such as tumor cells, and directly inhibits the activity of DNA polymerase, which results in the inhibition of DNA replication and cell cycle arrest, DNA fragmentation, and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DFP 14927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DFP-14927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DFP14927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nucleoside Analog DFP-10917","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PEGylated DFP-10917","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Deoxycytidine Analogue DFP-14927","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymeric Nucleoside Analogue DFP-14927","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798748"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798748"}]}}{"C2491":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Interferon Alfa","code":"C2491","definitions":[{"description":"A covalent conjugate of recombinant interferon alpha and polyethylene glycol (PEG), used as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. The biological activity of this agent is derived from its interferon alpha protein moiety. Interferons alfa bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. The PEG moiety lowers the clearance of interferon alpha, thereby extending the duration of its therapeutic effects, but may also reduce interferon-mediated stimulation of an immune response. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEG-IFN-a","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-interferon alfa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Interferon Alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegylated Interferon Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0907160"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hepatitis C."},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43151"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43151"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pegylated_Interferon_Alfa"}]}}{"C61437":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Liposomal Belotecan","code":"C61437","definitions":[{"description":"A sterically stabilized, pegylated liposomal formulation containing belotecan, a semi-synthetic analogue of campthotecin with potential antitumor activity. Belotecan inhibits the action of topoisomerase I, an enzyme that produces reversible single-strand breaks in DNA during DNA replication. This agent stabilizes the topoisomerase I and DNA complex, resulting in the inhibition of religation of DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication, and apoptotic cell death. The polyethylene glycol coating allows for greater plasma circulation time, thus enhancing the concentration of belotecan at the tumor site. Encapsulation of belotecan preserves the active lactone form, resulting in an increased cytotoxic effect of belotecan.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Belotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-CKD602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STEALTH Liposomal Belotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831764"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"471934"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"471934"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"S-CKD602"}]}}{"C1555":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C1555","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the anticancer drug doxorubicin that is contained in very tiny, fat-like particles. It may have fewer side effects and work better than doxorubicin. Doxil is used to treat ovarian cancer, AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma, and multiple myeloma in patients whose disease has not gotten better after treatment with other anticancer drugs. It may be used together with other anticancer drugs. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Doxil is a type of anthracycline antitumor antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated preparation of the hydrochloride salt of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Doxorubicin intercalates between DNA base pairs, thereby hinders the movement of replication machinery along DNA strands, as well as blocks the activity of topoisomerase II during replication. As a result, this agent causes DNA adducts formation, renders single- and double-stranded DNA breakages that induce DNA repair and or apoptotic processes. Doxorubicin also generates reactive oxygen species that leads to cytotoxicity secondary to lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipids. Liposomal delivery of doxorubicin HCl improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of therapeutic drug effects. A liposomal formulation of doxorubicin also modulates toxicity, specifically the cardiac effects commonly seen with anthracycline antitumor drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S-cis)-8-Acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-a-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-tri-hydroxy-1-methoxy-5,12-naphthacenedione Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATI-0918","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Caelyx","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOX-SL","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOXIL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dox-SL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Doxil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Doxil","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxilen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin HCl Liposomal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin HCl Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duomeisu","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Evacet","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Evacet","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LipoDox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LipoDox","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipodox 50","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Adriamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal-Encapsulated Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Doxorubicin HCl Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Liposomal Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stealth Liposomal Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLC D-99","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"doxorubicin hydrochloride liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"liposomal doxorubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"712227"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522690"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Refractory metastatic carcinoma of the ovary; AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma; breast cancer; relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (with bortezomib)."},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39424"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39424"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Doxorubicin_Hydrochloride_Liposome"}]}}{"C62789":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Liposomal Irinotecan","code":"C62789","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified liposomes encapsulating the semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin irinotecan, with antineoplastic activity. As a prodrug, irinotecan is converted to the biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) by a carboxylesterase-converting enzyme. In turn, SN-38 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex of topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks. This results in an inhibition of DNA replication and an induction of apoptosis. Pegylated liposomal delivery of irinotecan improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of exposure while lowering systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IHL-305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Irinotecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Irinotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831956"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"506099"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"506099"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Liposomal_Irinotecan"}]}}{"C103276":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Liposomal Mitomycin C Lipid-based Prodrug","code":"C103276","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated liposomal formulation comprised of a lipophilic prodrug of the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C containing a cleavable disulfide bond (PL-MLP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the pegylated liposomal mitomycin C lipid-based prodrug, the MLP moiety becomes activated upon thiolysis at the tumor site, thereby releasing mitomycin C. Bioreduced mitomycin C generates oxygen radicals, alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. The thiolytic environment and upregulated expression of thioredoxins at the tumor site allow for the activation and release of mitomycin C. This prodrug formulation allows for greater circulation time, less systemic toxicity and increased accumulation of mitomycin C at the tumor site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PL-MLP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Mitomycin C Lipid-based Prodrug","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Promitil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438127"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741900"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741900"}]}}{"C131307":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Liposomal Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride","code":"C131307","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated liposomal mitoxantrone formulation composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the anthracenedione antibiotic mitoxantrone encapsulated within pegylated small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, mitoxantrone intercalates into and forms crosslinks with DNA, thereby disrupting DNA and RNA replication. This agent also binds to topoisomerase II, which both results in DNA strand breaks and prevents DNA synthesis. This leads to the induction of apoptosis in rapidly dividing cancer cells. The pegylated liposomal formulation improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing drug circulation and therapeutic efficacy while lowering toxic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLM60","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514320"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785702"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785702"}]}}{"C116869":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Liposomal Nanoparticle-based Docetaxel Prodrug MNK-010","code":"C116869","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation containing pegylated liposomal nanoparticles encapsulating a prodrug of the poorly water-soluble, second-generation taxane analog docetaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the liposomal docetaxel prodrug MNK-010, docetaxel is slowly released into the systemic circulation and accumulates at the tumor site due to the unique characteristics of the tumor's vasculature. In turn, docetaxel is taken up by tumor cells, and subsequently binds to and stabilizes the beta-subunit of tubulin, thereby stabilizing microtubules and inhibiting microtubule disassembly. This results in cell cycle arrest and induces cell death. Compared to the administration of docetaxel alone, this formulation is able to increase the delivery of docetaxel into tumors, thereby increasing docetaxel's efficacy while minimizing its toxicity. In addition, this formulation solubilizes docetaxel without the use of toxic solvents, thereby permitting the administration of larger doses of docetaxel while avoiding solvent-associated toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MNK-010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP-3549-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Docetaxel Prodrug MNK-010","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Nanoparticle-based Docetaxel Prodrug MNK-010","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Nanoparticle-based Docetaxel Prodrug MNK-010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471764"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757071"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757071"}]}}{"C63476":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Paclitaxel","code":"C63476","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugated paclitaxel, a compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia, with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with the dynamics of microtubule assembly/disassembly and resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein B-cell Leukemia 2 (Bcl-2). Compared to paclitaxel alone, pegylated paclitaxel has an enhanced water solubility leading to an increase in bioavailability, and decreases its toxicity profile. Therefore, the pegylated formulation potentially supports delivery of higher doses of paclitaxel to the specific site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEG Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541201"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"363602"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"363602"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pegylated_Paclitaxel"}]}}{"C88286":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Recombinant Human Arginase I BCT-100","code":"C88286","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human arginase I (liver arginase) covalently attached, via a succinamide propionic acid (SPA) linker, to a polyethylene glycol (PEG) of molecular weight 5,000 [rhArg-peg(5,000mw)] with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of pegylated recombinant human arginase I BCT-100, arginase metabolizes the amino acid arginine to ornithine and urea, depleting intracellular arginine, which may inhibit proliferation of cells that are auxotrophic for arginine such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. This agent may also work synergistically with various cytotoxic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCT-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant Human Arginase I BCT-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhArgIpeg5000","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413535"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657226"}]}}{"C82659":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase PH20","code":"C82659","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated formulation of a recombinant form of human hyaluronidase with potential antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, pegylated recombinant human PH20 degrades hyaluronic acid (HA) coating tumor cells, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth. In addition, the degradation of HA may result in a lowering of the interstitial fluid pressure (IFP), allowing better penetration of chemotherapeutic agents into the tumor bed. HA is a glycosaminoglycan found in the extracellular matrix (ECM) that is frequently overproduced by various tumor cell types. The presence of HA in tumors correlates with increased tumor cell growth, metastatic potential, tumor progression, increased resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, and an elevation in tumor IFP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEGPH20","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PH20","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase PH20","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase PH20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant Human PH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388491"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636196"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636196"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pegylated_Recombinant_Human_Hyaluronidase_PH20"}]}}{"C162645":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Recombinant Interleukin-2 THOR-707","code":"C162645","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated recombinant, engineered variant of cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2; IL2) where novel amino acid is encoded in the IL-2 gene that is leveraged for use in site-specific pegylation, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration of pegylated recombinant IL-2 THOR-707, the IL-2 variant moiety binds to dimers containing the IL-2 receptor beta and gamma chains (IL2Rbg; IL2Rbetagamma) on immune cells, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells, thereby activating these cells and inducing their expansion. It also induces the expression of certain cytotoxic cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFNg) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGFb). The specific induction of T-cell-mediated cytotoxic immune responses against tumor cells causes tumor cell destruction. The addition of the novel amino acid and the concurrent pegylation prevents the binding of the IL-2 moiety to the IL-2 receptor alpha chain (IL2Ra), thereby blocking the IL2Ra-mediated activation of CD4-positive regulatory and immunosuppressive T-cells (Tregs). Since it cannot bind to IL2Ra expressed on innate lymphoid cells in the vascular endothelium, THOR-707 prevents IL-2-mediated recruitment and activation of eosinophils, and inhibits the induction of eosinophil-mediated vascular leak syndrome (VLS). Pegylation also extends the half-life of THOR-707. Compared to recombinant IL-2, THOR-707 allows for increased IL-2Rbg binding and proliferation of CTLs without stimulating the toxicity caused by binding to IL-2Ra.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL-2 Variant THOR-707","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant IL-2 Variant THOR-707","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant Interleukin-2 THOR-707","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant Interleukin-2 THOR-707","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THOR 707","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THOR-707","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THOR707","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798926"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798926"}]}}{"C101259":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Recombinant L-asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi","code":"C101259","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated, recombinant form of L-asparaginase derived from the bacterium Erwinia chrysanthemi (mPEG-R-Crisantaspase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of pegylated recombinant L-asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi, asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia, thereby depleting cancer cells of asparagine thus blocking protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation. Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in cancer cells, which cannot synthesize this amino acid due to the absence of the enzyme asparagine synthase. Compared to other available Erwinia chrysanthemi derived L-asparaginase agents, the pegylated form is longer acting and less immunogenic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Asparec","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant L-asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mPEG-R-crisantaspase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435507"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729150"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729150"}]}}{"C125143":{"preferredName":"Pegzilarginase","code":"C125143","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant modified form of the human enzyme arginase 1 (ARG1), in which cobalt is substituted for manganese as a cofactor, covalently attached to polyethylene glycol (PEG), with potential arginine degrading and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of pegzilarginase, ARG1 metabolizes the amino acid arginine to ornithine and urea, thereby lowering blood arginine levels. This normalizes blood arginine levels in patients with ARG1 deficiency and prevents hyperargininemia. This also inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells that are dependent on extracellular arginine uptake for their proliferation. In normal, healthy cells, arginine is synthesized intracellularly by the enzymes ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), argininosuccinate synthase (ASS), and argininosuccinate lyase (ASL); thus they are not dependent on extracellular arginine for survival. In cancer cells these enzymes are disabled; therefore, this agent may inhibit proliferation and survival of these cells by depleting extracellular arginine. Pegylation improves blood circulation times and cobalt substitution increases the catalytic activity of ARG1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEB-1102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AEB1102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Co-ArgI-PEG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEGZILARGINASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant Arginase AEB1102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegzilarginase","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegzilarginase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503972"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1659310-95-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4YV4KW88GD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778251"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778251"}]}}{"C60774":{"preferredName":"Pelareorep","code":"C60774","definitions":[{"description":"An isolate of the oncolytic, human wild-type serotype 3 Dearing (T3D) strain of the double-stranded RNA virus reovirus (Respiratory Enteric Orphan virus), with potential oncolytic activity. Upon administration, pelareorep is able to replicate specifically in cancer cells bearing an activated Ras pathway. This induces apoptosis in Ras-activated tumor cells and subsequently frees progeny viral particles to infect, replicate in and induce cell death of surrounding cancer cells. In addition, viral replication causes the activation of innate and adaptive immune responses, causing a natural killer (NK)-cell-mediated and a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL)-mediated killing of tumor cells, respectively. Ras-activated tumor cells are deficient in their ability to trigger the antiviral response mediated by the host cellular protein, double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PELAREOREP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PO BB0209","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PO-BB0209","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelareorep","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pelareorep","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reolysin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reovirus Serotype 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wild-type Reovirus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"729968"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1882931"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1383626-61-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S9J80L3D1U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"563224"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"563224"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Reolysin"}]}}{"C1650":{"preferredName":"Peldesine","code":"C1650","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied for the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyrimidine analogue and purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor with immunosuppressive and antineoplastic properties. Peldesine inhibits purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) that plays a pivotal role in T-cell proliferation and is responsible for the catalysis of the reversible phosphorolytic cleavage of purine ribonucleosides and 2'-deoxyribonucleosides. Inhibition of PNP results in accumulation of dGTP and the subsequent failure of DNA synthesis. This agent maybe used in T-cell related autoimmune diseases including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn s disease and T-cell cancers","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4H-Pyrrolo(3,2-d)pyrimidin-4-one,1,5-dihydro-2-amino-7-(3-pyridinylmethyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-(3-Pyridinylmethyl)-7H-9-deazaguanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCX-34","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PELDESINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Peldesina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peldesine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"peldesine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338278"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"133432-71-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7B646RJ70F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42367"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42367"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H11N5O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Peldesine"}]}}{"C2713":{"preferredName":"Pelitinib","code":"C2713","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 3-cyanoquinoline pan-ErbB tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Pelitinib irreversibly binds covalently to epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) ErbB-1, -2 and -4, thereby inhibiting receptor phosphorylation and signal transduction and resulting in apoptosis and suppression of proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress these receptors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-N-(4-((3-Chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino)-3-cyano-7-ethoxyquinolin-6-yl)-4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EKB 569","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EKB-569","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"EKB-569","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PELITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pelitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pelitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WAY-EKB 569","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"729742"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0961045"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"257933-82-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X5DWL380Z6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352165"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352165"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H23ClFN5O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"EKB-569"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38927"}]}}{"C2633":{"preferredName":"Pelitrexol","code":"C2633","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called glycinamide ribonucleotide formyl transferase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A water soluble antifolate with anti-proliferative activity. Pelitrexol inhibits activity of glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT), the first folate-dependent enzyme of the de novo purine synthesis pathway essential for cell proliferation. Enzyme inhibition reduces the purine nucleotides pool required for DNA replication and RNA transcription. As a result, this agent causes cell cycle arrest in S-phase, and ultimately inhibits tumor cell proliferation","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S)-2-(((5-(2-((6S)-2-Amino-4-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydropyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-6-yl)ethyl)-4-methylthiophen-2-yl)carbonyl)amino)pentanedioic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(2S)-2-[[[5-[2-[(6S)-2-amino-4-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-6-yl]ethyl]-4-methylthiophen-2-yl]carbonyl]amino]pentanedioic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG2037","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AG2037","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PELITREXOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pelitrexol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1871457"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"446022-33-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DHT6E8M4KP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38329"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38329"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H25N5O6S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AG2037"}]}}{"C106432":{"preferredName":"Pembrolizumab","code":"C106432","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 antibody directed against human cell surface receptor PD-1 (programmed death-1 or programmed cell death-1) with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pembrolizumab binds to PD-1, an inhibitory signaling receptor expressed on the surface of activated T cells, and blocks the binding to and activation of PD-1 by its ligands, which results in the activation of T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. The ligands for PD-1 include programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), overexpressed on certain cancer cells, and programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2), which is primarily expressed on APCs. Activated PD-1 negatively regulates T-cell activation and plays a key role in in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4, Anti-(Human Programmed Cell Death 1); Humanized Mouse Monoclonal (228-L-proline(H10-S>P))gamma 4 Heavy Chain (134-218')-disulfide with Humanized Mouse Monoclonal Kappa Light Chain Dimer (226-226'':229-229'')-bisdisulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Keytruda","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lambrolizumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-3475","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEMBROLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pembrolizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pembrolizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 900475","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3658706"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1374853-91-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"soft tissue sarcoma (STS)"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"postmenopausal women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer; recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC); metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors express PD-L1; unresectable or metastatic melanoma or melanoma with involvement of lymph node(s) following complete resection; metastatic small cell lung cancer (SCLC); advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC); recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer; refractory primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL); urothelial cancer; hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); recurrent locally advanced or metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DPT0O3T46P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695789"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695789"}]}}{"C61614":{"preferredName":"Pemetrexed","code":"C61614","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic pyrimidine-based antifolate. Pemetrexed binds to and inhibits the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS), which catalyses the methylation of 2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate (dUMP) to 2'-deoxythymidine-5'-monophosphate (dTMP), an essential precursor in DNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L-Glutamic Acid, N-(4-(2-(2-Amino-4,7-dihydro-4-oxo-1H-pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl)benzoyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multitargeted Antifolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEMETREXED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pemetrexed","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pemetrexed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"698037"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0210657"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"137281-23-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"04Q9AIZ7NO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H21N5O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pemetrexed_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63616"}]}}{"C1533":{"preferredName":"Pemetrexed Disodium","code":"C1533","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used alone or with another drug to treat certain types of non-small cell lung cancer and malignant pleural mesothelioma. It is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Pemetrexed disodium blocks DNA synthesis and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of folate antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The disodium salt of a synthetic pyrimidine-based antifolate. Pemetrexed binds to and inhibits the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS) which catalyses the methylation of 2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate (dUMP) to 2'-deoxythymidine-5'-monophosphate (dTMP), an essential precursor in DNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alimta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Alimta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Almita","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY231514","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LY231514","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-[2-(2-Amino-4,7-dihydro-4-oxo-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]-L-glutamic Acid Disodium Salt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"N-[4-[2-(2-Amino-4,7-dihydro-4-oxo-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]-L-glutamic Acid Disodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEMETREXED DISODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pemetrexed Disodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pemetrexed Disodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pemetrexed disodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"698037"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0936142"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"150399-23-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Malignant pleural mesothelioma; Non-small cell lung cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2PKU919BA9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42328"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H19N5O6.2Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pemetrexed"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63722"}]}}{"C121553":{"preferredName":"Pemigatinib","code":"C121553","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) types 1, 2, and 3 (FGFR1/2/3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Pemigatinib binds to and inhibits FGFR1/2/3, which may result in the inhibition of FGFR1/2/3-related signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR1/2/3-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation, migration, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-Pyrrolo(3',2':5,6)pyrido(4,3-d)pyrimidin-2-one, 3-(2,6-difluoro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-ethyl-1,3,4,7-tetrahydro-8-(4-morpholinylmethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB054828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEMIGATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pemigatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053633"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1513857-77-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y6BX7BL23K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770381"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770381"}]}}{"C124843":{"preferredName":"Pemlimogene Merolisbac","code":"C124843","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, live-attenuated, double-deleted (LADD) strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) epidermal growth factor receptor mutant form EGFRvIII and human mesothelin, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes encoding EGFRvIII-mesothelin vaccine Pemlimogene merolisbac is taken up by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). EGFRvIII and mesothelin are subsequently expressed by the APCs and then processed and presented to the immune system by both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules. This activates the immune system and leads to the recruitment and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) against EGFRvIII- and mesothelin-expressing tumor cells, eventually resulting in tumor cell lysis. EGFRvIII and mesothelin are overexpressed in many types of cancer. Two genes contributing to the virulence of Lm have been removed to minimize the risk of infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADU-214","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-64041757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LADD Listeria monocytogenes JNJ-64041757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEMLIMOGENE MEROLISBAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pemlimogene Merolisbac","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pemlimogene Merolisbac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503062"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S2EGO8116S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777270"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777270"}]}}{"C1187":{"preferredName":"Penberol","code":"C1187","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of bromoacrylic acid with cytostatic activity. Although the mechanism of action is unclear, penberol might inhibit tumor growth mediated through inhibition of the cell energetic metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Penberol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Penberol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-beta-4-pentoxy-benzoyl-beta-bromoacrylic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-beta-4-pentoxybenzoyl-beta-bromoacrylic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"172760"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070218"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"24740-92-9"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39551"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39551"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Penberol"}]}}{"C1188":{"preferredName":"Penclomedine","code":"C1188","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of pyrimidine with antineoplastic activity. Penclomedine alkylates and crosslinks DNA, resulting in DNA strand breaks and inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent is more active against tumor cells that are defective in p53 function. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,5-dichloro-2,4-dimethoxy-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRC 88-04","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PENCLOMEDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Penclomedine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Penclomedine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyridine, 3,5-dichloro-2,4-dimethoxy-6-(trichloromethyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"penclomedine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"338720"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070220"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"108030-77-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"66Q80IL7CW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41973"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41973"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H6Cl5NO2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Penclomedine"}]}}{"C729":{"preferredName":"Penicillamine","code":"C729","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that removes copper from the body and is used to treat diseases in which there is an excess of this metal. It is also being studied as a possible angiogenesis inhibitor in brain tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A beta dimethyl analog of the amino acid cysteine. As a degradation product of penicillin antibiotics, penicillamine chelates with heavy metals and increases their urinary excretion. Possessing antineoplastic properties, penicillamine induces apoptosis by a p53-mediated mechanism and inhibits angiogenesis by chelating with copper, a cofactor for angiogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":".beta.,.beta.-Dimethylcysteine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"3-Mercapto-D-valine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-amino-beta-methyl-beta-mercaptobutyric Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atamir","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta,Beta-dimethylcysteine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-thiovaline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cuprenil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cuprenil","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cuprimine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cuprimine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cupripen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Mercaptovaline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Penicillamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Distamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Distamine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kelatin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mercaptyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metalcaptase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Metalcaptase","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PENICILLAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pendramine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Penicillamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perdolat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Perdolat","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sufortan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trolovol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Trolovol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"penicillamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"81549"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030817"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52-67-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Wilsons disease; heavy metal intoxication; cystinuria; rheumatoid arthritis; primary biliary cirrhosis; Feltys syndrome; rheumatoid vasculitis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GNN1DV99GX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42546"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42546"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H11NO2S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Penicillamine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7959"}]}}{"C1189":{"preferredName":"Pentamethylmelamine","code":"C1189","definitions":[{"description":"A principal metabolite of hexamethylmelamine with antineoplastic activity. Pentamethylmelamine alkylates DNA and other macromolecules and forms DNA intrastrand and DNA-protein crosslinks, thereby preventing DNA replication. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine, N,N,N',N', N''-pentamethyl-, monohydrochloride (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine, N,N,N',N', N''-pentamethyl-, monohydrochloride (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melamine, N2,N2,N4,N4,N6-pentamethyl-, monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N,N,N',N',N\"-pentamethyl-1,3,5-triazine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PMM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentamethylmelamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentamethylmelamine MonoHCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentamethylmelamine Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentamethylmelamine monoHCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Pentamethylmelamine monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"melamine, N2,N2,N4,N4,N6-pentamethyl-, monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"118742"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070302"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"16268-62-5"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39553"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39553"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pentamethylmelamine"}]}}{"C66341":{"preferredName":"Pentamustine","code":"C66341","definitions":[{"description":"A (2-chloroethy1)nitrosourea compound with antineoplastic activity. Petamustine was never marketed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-neopentyl-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neptamustine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PENTAMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pentamustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salisburystin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1882315"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"73105-03-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VB67O9FBGM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H16ClN3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pentamustine"}]}}{"C732":{"preferredName":"Pentostatin","code":"C732","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug that is used to treat hairy cell leukemia and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Pentostatin blocks a protein needed for cell growth and may kill cancer cells. It is made by a bacterium. It is a type of adenosine deaminase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A purine nucleotide analogue antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces antibioticus. Also known as 2'-deoxycoformycin, pentostatin binds to and inhibits adenine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme essential to purine metabolism; ADA activity is greatest in cells of the lymphoid system with T-cells having higher activity than B-cells and T-cell malignancies higher ADA activity than B-cell malignancies. Pentostatin inhibition of ADA appears to result in elevated intracellular levels of dATP which may block DNA synthesis through the inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase. This agent may also inhibit RNA synthesis and may selectively deplete CD26+ lymphocytes. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-3-(2-Deoxy-.beta.-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-3,6,7, 8-tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d][1,3]diazepin-8-ol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"(R)-3-(2-Deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d][1,3]diazepin-8-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2'-Deoxycoformycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2'-Deoxycoformycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-825","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Co-Vidarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Co-vidarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Covidarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Covidarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxycoformycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nipent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Nipent","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-81565","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PENTOSTATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PENTOSTATIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Pentostatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pentostatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentostatine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pentostatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"247520"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"218321"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030896"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"63677-95-2"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53910-25-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic lymphocytic leukemia; Cutaneous t-cell lymphoma; Hairy cell leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"395575MZO7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39210"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39210"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H16N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pentostatin"}]}}{"C733":{"preferredName":"Pentoxifylline","code":"C733","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to prevent blood clotting and as a treatment that may help decrease weight loss in people with cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A methylxanthine derivative with hemorrheologic and immunomodulating properties. Pentoxifylline inhibits phosphodiesterase, resulting in increased levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in erythrocytes, endothelium, and the surrounding tissues. This leads to vasodilation, improves erythrocyte flexibility, and enhances blood flow. In addition, the increased level of cAMP in platelets inhibits platelet aggregation, which may contribute to a reduction in blood viscosity. This agent also inhibits production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma, while it induces Th2-like (T-helper 2) cytokine production, thereby inhibiting Th1-mediated (T-helper 1) inflammatory and autoimmune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,7-Dihydro-3,7-dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)-1H-purine-2,6-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxpentifylline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PENTOXIFYLLINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PTX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentoxifylline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Pentoxifylline","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pentoxifylline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentoxyphylline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trental","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pentoxifylline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"637086"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030899"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6493-05-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SD6QCT3TSU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41432"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41432"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H18N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pentoxifylline"}]}}{"C96222":{"preferredName":"Pepinemab","code":"C96222","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody against the semaphorin 4D (SEMA4D; CD100) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pepinemab binds to and neutralizes SEMA4D, thereby preventing binding of SEMA4D to its receptor plexin-B1 (PLXNB1). By blocking the interaction of SEMA4D and PLXNB1, pepinemab may cause an inhibition of endothelial cell activation and migration, eventually leading to an inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Semaphorin 4D, a large cell surface antigen found on the resting T-cell and overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, plays an important role in vascular growth, tumor progression, invasion and immune cell regulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEPINEMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pepinemab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pepinemab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX15/2503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"moAb VX15/2503","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429006"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BPZ4A29SYE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697328"}]}}{"C1399":{"preferredName":"Peplomycin","code":"C1399","definitions":[{"description":"A semisynthetic analog of Bleomycin, a mixture of several basic glycopeptide antineoplastic antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces verticillus. Peplomycin forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals that cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA. This agent appears to show greater antitumor activity than bleomycin; its use is limited due to pulmonary toxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-n1-[3-[(1-phenylethyl)amino]propyl]bleomycinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEPLEOMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PEPLOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pepleomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peplomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"n1-[3[[(S)-alpha-methylbenzyl]amino]propyl]bleomycinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"276382"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0135981"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"68247-85-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"56H9L80NIZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39552"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39552"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C61H88N18O21S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Peplomycin"}]}}{"C1400":{"preferredName":"Peplomycin Sulfate","code":"C1400","definitions":[{"description":"The sulfate salt of the bleomycin analogue peplomycin. Peplomycin forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals that cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA. This agent appears to show greater antitumor activity than bleomycin; its use is limited due to pulmonary toxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N1-(3-(((S)-(alpha-methylbenzyl))amino)propyl)bleomycinamide Sulfate (1:1) (Salt)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK-631","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEPLOMYCIN SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pepleo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peplomycin Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0917878"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"73228-94-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6A668951HW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C61H88N18O21S2.H2O4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Peplomycin_Sulfate"}]}}{"C734":{"preferredName":"Peptichemio","code":"C734","definitions":[{"description":"A mixture of six synthetic oligopeptides in which the peptides are conjugated to metamelphalan, with alkylating and potential antineoplastic activity. Peptichemio causes crosslinking of DNA, thereby preventing DNA replication and eventually cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multialchilpeptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peptichemio","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"peptide bound m-L-sarcolysin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030927"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9076-25-9"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39541"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39541"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Peptichemio"}]}}{"C2466":{"preferredName":"Peptide 946 Melanoma Vaccine","code":"C2466","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma peptide vaccine with potential antineoplastic activity. Peptide 946 melanoma vaccine contains one of the peptide sequences for a melanoma-specific epitope that is recognized by melanoma-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). This vaccine contains a peptide sequence homologous to the native epitope and is often formulated with an adjuvant such as QS-21 or Montanide ISA-51 to boost its immune stimulation. Vaccination with peptide 946 vaccine may produce antibodies as well as elicit a cytotoxic T- lymphocyte (CTL) response against cells expressing this antigen, resulting in decreased tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peptide 946 Melanoma Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677986"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42974"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42974"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Peptide_946_Melanoma_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2467":{"preferredName":"Peptide 946-Tetanus Peptide Conjugate Melanoma Vaccine","code":"C2467","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma peptide vaccine complexed with tetanus toxoid with potential antineoplastic activity. Peptide 946 contains a melanoma-specific epitope recognized by melanoma-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). In addition to the peptide 946 sequence, this vaccine contains tetanus toxin, a protein known to stimulate the induction of CD4+ T lymphocytes; it thereby enhances antigen processing and presentation. Vaccination with the peptide 946-tetanus conjugate melanoma vaccine may produce antibodies as well as elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response in tumor cells expressing the 946 epitope, thereby decreasing tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peptide 946-Tetanus Peptide Conjugate Melanoma Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677987"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42975"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42975"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Peptide_946-Tetanus_Peptide_Conjugate_Melanoma_Vaccine"}]}}{"C87202":{"preferredName":"Peretinoin","code":"C87202","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, acyclic retinoid with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Peretinoin binds to and activates nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RAR), which in turn recruit coactivator proteins and promote, with other transcriptional complexes, the transcription of target genes. As a result, this agent may modulate the expression of genes involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis of both normal and tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-Tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,10,14-Pentaenoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIK-333","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PERETINOIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Peretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1453741"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"81485-25-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"11ALM7A4RV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737371"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737371"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H30O2"}]}}{"C116804":{"preferredName":"Perflenapent Emulsion","code":"C116804","definitions":[{"description":"An oil-in-water nano-emulsion composed of the perfluorocarbon perflenapent, that has oxygen-carrying capacity, can be used as a contrast agent and has potential antihypoxic and radiosensitizing activities. Upon intravenous administration of the perflenapent emulsion, this agent increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood, enhances the transport of oxygen to hypoxic and ischemic tissues and increases the oxygen concentration in these tissues. Hypoxic tumors are correlated with increased resistance to radiation treatment; therefore, since perflenapent may increase tumor oxygenation, it may improve the tumor's sensitivity to radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DDFP LIquid Emulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dodecafluoropentane Emulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVX-108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perflenapent Emulsion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473943"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763081"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763081"}]}}{"C1423":{"preferredName":"Perfosfamide","code":"C1423","definitions":[{"description":"The active metabolite of the nitrogen mustard cyclophosphamide with potent antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. Perfosfamide alkylates DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-4-hydroperoxytetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorine 2-oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-HC","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"4-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Pergamid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PERFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Perfosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pergamid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]tetrahydro-3H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-4-yl hydroperoxide P-oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"181815"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0163054"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"39800-16-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Ex-vivo treatment of autologous bone marrow and subsequent reinfusion in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U880A4FUDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40474"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40474"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H15Cl2N2O4P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Perfosfamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:196991"}]}}{"C1727":{"preferredName":"Perifosine","code":"C1727","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylphospholipids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active alkyl-phosphocholine compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Targeting cellular membranes, perifosine modulates membrane permeability, membrane lipid composition, phospholipid metabolism, and mitogenic signal transduction, resulting in cell differentiation and inhibition of cell growth. This agent also inhibits the anti-apoptotic mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and modulates the balance between the MAPK and pro-apoptotic stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK/JNK) pathways, thereby inducing apoptosis. Perifosine has a lower gastrointestinal toxicity profile than the related agent miltefosine. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[[Hydroxy(octadecyloxy)phosphinyl]oxy]-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium, Inner Salt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"4-[[Hydroxy(octadecyloxy)phosphinyl]oxy]-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium, Inner Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D21266","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Octadecyl-(N,N-dimethylpiperidino-4-yl)phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Octadecylphosphopiperidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PERIFOSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Perifosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Perifosine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Perifosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"perifosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"639966"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0754570"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"157716-52-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2GWV496552"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43408"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43408"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H52NO4P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Perifosine"}]}}{"C1461":{"preferredName":"Perillyl Alcohol","code":"C1461","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the prevention of cancer. It belongs to the family of plant drugs called monoterpenes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A terpene with two isoprene units forming a ring and with a hydroxyl group attached to the head methyl group. The chemical structure is CC(=C)C1CCC(=CC1)CO.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A naturally occurring monoterpene related to limonene with antineoplastic activity. Perillyl alcohol inhibits farnesyl transferase and geranylgeranyl transferase, thereby preventing post-translational protein farnesylation and isoprenylation and activation of oncoproteins such as p21-ras, and arresting tumor cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-(-)-Perillyl Alcohol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(S)-(-)-Perillyl alcohol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"(S)-4-Isopropenyl-1-cyclohexenylmethanol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"1-Cyclohexene-1-methanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-(1-Methylethenyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-(1-Methylethenyl)-1-cyclohexene-1-methanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Isopropenylcyclohex-1-ene-1-methanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydrocuminyl Alcohol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEO100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PERILLYL ALCOHOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"POH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perilla Alcohol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perilla alcohol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Perillic Alcohol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perillic alcohol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Perillol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Perillol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perillyl Alcohol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Perillyl Alcohol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Perillyl Alcohol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Perillyl Alcohol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[(4S)-4-prop-1-en-2-yl-1-cyclohexenyl]methanol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"p-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-ol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"p-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"perillyl alcohol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"641066"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0207661"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"536-59-4"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"18457-55-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"319R5C7293"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42334"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42334"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H16O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Perillyl_Alcohol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15420"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:10782"}]}}{"C159601":{"preferredName":"Personalized ALL-specific Multi-HLA-binding Peptide Vaccine","code":"C159601","definitions":[{"description":"An individualized peptide-based cancer vaccine comprised of three to five human leukocyte antigen (HLA) binding tumor-specific peptides obtained from the autologous mutated proteins from the tumor cells of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal administration of the personalized multi-HLA-binding peptide vaccine, the peptides may induce a tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the peptides that are expressed by the tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Individualized Multi-HLA-binding Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized ALL-specific Multi-HLA-binding Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Multi-HLA-binding Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797494"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797494"}]}}{"C140162":{"preferredName":"Personalized Cancer Vaccine RO7198457","code":"C140162","definitions":[{"description":"An mRNA-based individualized, therapeutic cancer vaccine targeting an unspecified amount of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are specifically expressed in the patient's cancer, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the personalized cancer vaccine RO7198457 is taken up and translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs) and the expressed protein is presented via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of the APCs. This leads to an induction of both cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)- and memory T-cell-dependent immune responses against cancer cells expressing the TAA(s).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PCV RO7198457","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Cancer Vaccine RO7198457","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Personalized Cancer Vaccine RO7198457","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7198457","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538249"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C162633":{"preferredName":"Personalized Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine iNeo-Vac-P01","code":"C162633","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific mutated long peptides, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient's tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination with the personalized neoantigen peptide vaccine iNeo-Vac-P01, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Personalized Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine iNeo-Vac-P01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iNeo-Vac-P01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798703"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798703"}]}}{"C158749":{"preferredName":"Personalized Neoepitope Yeast Vaccine YE-NEO-001","code":"C158749","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of a heat-killed yeast that has been genetically modified to express patient-specific neoantigen epitopes. Upon vaccination, neoepitope yeast vaccine YE-NEO-001 may elicit a targeted CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response against tumor cells expressing these specific epitopes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Personalized Neoepitope Yeast Vaccine YE-NEO-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YE-NEO-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797413"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797413"}]}}{"C129935":{"preferredName":"Personalized Peptide Cancer Vaccine NEO-PV-01","code":"C129935","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic peptide-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific mutated peptide epitopes, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient's tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the neoantigen-based anti-cancer vaccine NEO-PV-01 stimulates the host immune system to mount a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NEO PV 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEO-PV 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEO-PV-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Anticancer Vaccine NEO-PV-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Peptide Vaccine NEO-PV-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Peptide Cancer Vaccine NEO-PV-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Personalized Peptide Cancer Vaccine NEO-PV-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512888"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C38692":{"preferredName":"Pertuzumab","code":"C38692","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are produced in the laboratory and can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized recombinant monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular dimerization domain of the HER-2 tyrosine kinase receptor. Binding of the antibody to the dimerization domain of the HER-2 tyrosine kinase receptor protein directly inhibits the ability of the HER-2 tyrosine kinase receptor protein (the most common pairing partner) to dimerize with other HER tyrosine kinase receptor proteins; inhibiting receptor protein dimerization prevents the activation of HER signaling pathways, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2C4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2C4 Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human V (Receptor)) (Human-Mouse Monoclonal 2C4 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mouse Monoclonal 2C4 Kappa-Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 2C4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 2C4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Omnitarg","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PERTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Perjeta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pertuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pertuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO4368451","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pertuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rhuMAb2C4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"740102"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328025"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"380610-27-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K16AIQ8CTM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"322808"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"322808"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pertuzumab"}]}}{"C77906":{"preferredName":"Pevonedistat","code":"C77906","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of Nedd8 activating enzyme (NAE) with potential antineoplastic activity. Pevonedistat binds to and inhibits NAE, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and survival. NAE activates Nedd8 (Neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 8), an ubiquitin-like (UBL) protein that modifies cellular targets in a pathway that is parallel to but distinct from the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP). Functioning in diverse regulatory activities, proteins conjugated to UBLs like Nedd8 typically are not targeted for proteasomal degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"((1S,2S,4R)-4-(4-((1S)-2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino)-7H-pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin-7-yl)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl)methyl Sulphamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN4924","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nedd8-Activating Enzyme Inhibitor MLN4924","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEVONEDISTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pevonedistat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pevonedistat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703093"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"905579-51-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S3AZD8D215"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596795"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596795"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"NAE_Inhibitor_MLN4924"}]}}{"C71533":{"preferredName":"Pexastimogene Devacirepvec","code":"C71533","definitions":[{"description":"An oncolytic thymidine kinase (TK)-deleted vaccinia poxvirus expressing human GM-CSF (hGM-CSF) with antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral or intravenous administration, pexastimogene devacirepvec selectively infects and lyses tumor cells. While vaccinia displays a natural tumor cell tropism, deletion of the TK gene increases the tumor selectivity of vaccinia by limiting viral replication to cells expressing high levels of TK, such as certain cancer cells. hGM-CSF expression by this agent helps recruit antigen presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, to virally infected tumor cells, thereby initiating an antitumoral immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JX 594","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JX-594","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JX594","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEXASTIMOGENE DEVACIREPVEC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pexa-vec","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pexastimogene Devacirepvec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pexastimogene Devacirepvec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-6006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymidine Kinase (-) Vaccinia-GM-CSF JX-594 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymidine Kinase-deleted Vaccinia-hGM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAC GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL378156"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1058624-46-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K82DG47I0G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579292"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579292"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Thymidine_Kinase-Deleted_Vaccinia-GM-CSF_JX-594_Vaccine"}]}}{"C88303":{"preferredName":"Pexidartinib","code":"C88303","definitions":[{"description":"A capsule formulation containing a small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor of KIT, CSF1R and FLT3 with potential antineoplastic activity. Pexidartinib binds to and inhibits phosphorylation of stem cell factor receptor (KIT), colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and down-modulation of macrophages, osteoclasts and mast cells involved in the osteolytic metastatic disease. FLT3, CSF1R and FLT3 are overexpressed or mutated in many cancer cell types and play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Pyridinemethanamine, N-(5-((5-chloro-1H-pyrrolo(2,3-b)pyridin-3-yl)methyl)-2-pyridinyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEXIDARTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PLX3397","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pexidartinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pexidartinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981820"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1029044-16-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6783M2LV5X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659167"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659167"}]}}{"C85481":{"preferredName":"Pexmetinib","code":"C85481","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of p38 and Tie2 kinases with potential antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic activities. Pexmetinib binds to and inhibits the activities of p38 and Tie2 kinases, which may inhibit the production of proinflammatory cytokines and may decrease tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell growth and survival. p38 is a MAP kinase that is often upregulated in cancer cells, playing a crucial part in the production of a variety of cytokines involved in inflammation and cellular proliferation such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-1 and -6. Tie2 is an endothelial cell specific receptor that is activated by angiopoietins, growth factors required for angiogenesis. This agent has also been reported to inhibit other kinases including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR2) and Src tyrosine kinases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARRY-614","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-tert-Butyl-1-p-tolyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-N'-(5-fluoro-2-(1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-indazol-5-yloxy)benzyl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEXMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pexmetinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pexmetinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830143"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"945614-12-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3750D0U8B5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647828"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647828"}]}}{"C91739":{"preferredName":"Phaleria macrocarpa Extract DLBS-1425","code":"C91739","definitions":[{"description":"An extract of the flesh from the fruit of Phaleria macrocarpa, an Indonesian herbal medicine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the active ingredients and exact components are unclear, gallic acid and its derivatives in DLBS-1425 appear to inhibit the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway by reducing PI3K transcription followed by a reduction in AKT phosphorylation. This extract also appears to induce apoptosis through induction of pro-apoptotic genes such as BAX, BAD and PUMA and inhibition of the apoptosis suppressor Bcl-2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DLBS-1425","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phaleria macrocarpa Extract DLBS-1425","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984527"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659153"}]}}{"C156461":{"preferredName":"Pharmacological Ascorbate","code":"C156461","definitions":[{"description":"A high dose (HD) of ascorbic acid, a pro-oxidant agent, with potential antineoplastic and radio-chemo-sensitizing activities. Upon intravenous (IV) administration, pharmacological ascorbate is able to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) by donating an electron to oxygen (O2) and forming hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), thereby causing oxidative stress and overwhelming the cell's anti-oxidant defense mechanisms. This induces DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) and cell death. Tumor cells are highly susceptible to ascorbate-mediated oxidative stress and cytotoxicity while normal, healthy cells are mostly unaffected. This induces the cell death of susceptible tumor cells and decreases tumor cell growth. Higher plasma ascorbate concentrations are achieved upon higher intravenous doses of ascorbate; oral administration of ascorbate is limited and uptake does not increase after a certain amount is administered. Only IV ascorbate produces plasma concentrations high enough to induce ascorbate-mediated cytotoxicity to susceptible tumor cells. In addition, HD parenteral ascorbate enhances radio- and chemo-sensitivity of susceptible cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ascorbate Injection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ascorbic Acid Injection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HD Ascorbate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HD P-AscH-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HD Vitamin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Dose Ascorbic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Dose Parenteral Ascorbate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Dose Vitamin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-dose Ascorbate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-dose Ascorbic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IV Ascorbate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intravenous Ascorbate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intravenous High Dose Ascorbate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharmacological Ascorbate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pharmacological Ascorbate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563189"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795829"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795829"}]}}{"C103230":{"preferredName":"Phellodendron amurense Bark Extract","code":"C103230","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary formulation consisting of a Phellodendron amurense (Amur cork tree) bark extract, often used in traditional Chinese medicine, with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Phellodendron amurense bark extract contains certain isoquinoline alkaloids, flavone glycosides and phenolic compounds. Upon administration of Phellodendron amurense bark extract, the various phytochemicals in this formulation modulate multiple signal transduction pathways. This agent appears to block the activation of the transcription factor cAMP response binding protein (CREB) and inhibits Akt signaling, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth and inducing apoptosis in Akt- and CREB-overexpressing cancer cells. In addition, this agent inhibits cyclooxygenase type 2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa b (NF-kB) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a)-mediated signaling; COX-2, NF-kB and TNF-a are upregulated in certain types of cancer and during inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nexrutine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phellodendron amurense Bark Extract","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Phellodendron amurense Bark Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3256251"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741824"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741824"}]}}{"C1190":{"preferredName":"Phenesterin","code":"C1190","definitions":[{"description":"A steroidal nitrogen mustard with antineoplastic and mutagenic activities. After attachment to cell-surface steroid receptors and uptake, phenesterin enters the nucleus where it alkylates macromolecules, resulting in decreased cell proliferation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3-beta)-cholest-5-en-3-ol 4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)benzeneacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)acetic acid cholesteryl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(p-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl) acetate cholesterol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(p-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)acetic acid cholesteryl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Cholesten-3-beta-ol 3-(p-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholest-5-en-3-ol, (3.beta.)-, 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]benzeneacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cholest-5-en-3beta-ol 4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)benzeneacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholesteryl p-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenylacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fenesterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fenesterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fenestrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fenestrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCI-C01558","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"NCI-C01558","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenesterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Phenesterin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenesterine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Phenesterine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino phenylacetate cholesterol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"104469"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070556"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3546-10-9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Phenesterin"}]}}{"C2233":{"preferredName":"Phenethyl Isothiocyanate","code":"C2233","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the prevention of cancer. It is a naturally occurring compound found in some cruciferous vegetables.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables with chemopreventive and potential antitumor activities. Although the mechanism of action is unclear, phenethyl Isothiocyanate (PEITC) was shown to induce apoptosis in tumor cells, possibly mediated through its metabolic intermediates, reactive oxygen species (ROS). PEITC also is able to activate ERK and JNK signal transduction, which in turn induces expression of stress-responsive genes. Specifically, this agent has been shown to reactivate gene expression of a detoxification enzyme, glutathione S-transferase that is silenced in prostate carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2-Isothiocyanatoethyl)benzene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Phenylethyl Isothiocyanate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEITC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PEITC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHENETHYL ISOTHIOCYANATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Phenethyl Isothiocyanate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Phenethyl Isothiocyanate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Phenethyl Isothiocyanate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenethyl isothiocyanate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"phenethyl isothiocyanate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"16921492"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"87868"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070558"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2257-09-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6U7TFK75KV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37977"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37977"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H9NS"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Phenethyl_Isothiocyanate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:351346"}]}}{"C105392":{"preferredName":"Phenethyl Isothiocyanate-containing Watercress Juice","code":"C105392","definitions":[{"description":"A juice extracted from watercress containing high amounts of phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), with potential chemopreventive and antitumor activities. Although the mechanism(s) of action through which PEITC exerts its effect(s) has yet to be fully elucidated, PEITC is able to induce apoptosis in tumor cells through the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, PEITC is able to modulate extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathways, activating the expression of stress-responsive genes and eventually inducing apoptosis. PEITC also inhibits the expression of genes involved in tumor progression such as HIF, STAT-3, HER2, BCL-XL, and XIAP and induces the expression of genes involved in tumor suppression such as p53, ATF-2, and p57. Furthermore, this agent has been shown to reactivate the gene expression of certain detoxification enzymes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEITC-containing Watercress Juice","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenethyl Isothiocyanate-containing Watercress Juice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446318"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746772"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746772"}]}}{"C1501":{"preferredName":"Phenyl Acetate","code":"C1501","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aromatic fatty acid metabolite of phenylalanine with potential antineoplastic activity. Naturally occurring in mammals, phenylacetate induces differentiation, growth inhibition, and apoptosis in tumor cells. Implicated mechanisms of action include decreased protein prenylation, activation of the peroxisome proliferation-activated receptors, inhibition of DNA methylation, and depletion of glutamine. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acetic Acid Phenyl Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetylphenol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Acetylphenol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHENYL ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Phenyl Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenyl Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenyl acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"phenylacetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"27795"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0220893"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"122-79-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Adjunctive therapy for the prevention and treatment of hyperammonemia in the chronic management of patients with urea cycle enzymopathy"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"355G9R500Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41664"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41664"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H8O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Phenyl_Acetate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8082"}]}}{"C48011":{"preferredName":"Phenytoin Sodium","code":"C48011","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat or prevent seizures or convulsions that may be caused by epilepsy, brain surgery, or treatment for brain cancer. It is a type of anticonvulsant agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt form of phenytoin, a hydantoin derivate and non-sedative antiepileptic agent with anticonvulsant activity. Phenytoin sodium promotes sodium efflux from neurons located in the motor cortex, thereby stabilizing the neuron and inhibiting synaptic transmission. This leads to a reduction in posttetanic potentiation at synapses, an inhibition of repetitive firing of action potentials and ultimately inhibits the spread of seizure activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,5-Diphenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione, Monosodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dilantin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Dilantin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dilantin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHENYTOIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Phenytoin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"phenytoin sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"8722"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0237417"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"630-93-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4182431BJH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H11N2O2.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Phenytoin_Sodium"}]}}{"C121375":{"preferredName":"Phosphaplatin PT-112","code":"C121375","definitions":[{"description":"A platinum (Pt)-based agent belonging to the phosphaplatin family comprised of Pt complexed to a pyrophosphate ligand, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanisms through which PT-112 exerts its effect have yet to be fully elucidated, this agent, upon intravenous administration, binds to certain transmembrane proteins and activates several genes involved in tumor suppression and apoptosis. This leads to the activation of various signal transduction pathways, induces S/G2 phase cell cycle, and causes tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, PT-112 may inhibit angiogenesis. Unlike conventional Pt-based chemotherapeutics, PT-112 does not bind to DNA and is able to overcome drug resistance, which occurs with conventional Pt-based chemotherapeutics; it also has a more favorable side effect profile and is more stable in plasma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PT-112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphaplatin PT-112","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Phosphaplatin PT-112","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474103"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795706"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795706"}]}}{"C71883":{"preferredName":"Phosphatidylcholine-Bound Silybin","code":"C71883","definitions":[{"description":"An oral preparation of the flavonoid silybin with potential antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Silybin, also known as silibinin, is a mixture of two stereoisomers, denoted silybin A and silybin B, and is the major active constituent of silymarin, a mixture of flavonolignans extracted from blessed milk thistle (Silybum marianum). Silybin modulates P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated cellular efflux; has oxygen radical-scavenging effects; inhibits the arachidonic acid pathway; and inhibits various cytochrome P450 enzymes. This agent may also exhibit anti-angiogenic activity, possibly by inducing endothelial cell apoptosis via modulation of the transcription factor NF-kB, the Bcl-2 family of proteins, and caspases. Complexing silybin with phosphatidylcholine increases its bioavailability.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Phosphatidylcholine-Bound Silybin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Phosphatidylcholine-Bound Silybin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Silybin-Phytosome","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1873062"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558906"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558906"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Phosphatidylcholine-Bound_Silybin"}]}}{"C84879":{"preferredName":"Phospholipid Ether-drug Conjugate CLR 131","code":"C84879","definitions":[{"description":"A radiopharmaceutical composed of a mixture of proprietary phospholipid ethers (CLR 1404) that are covalently linked to the cytotoxic radioisotope iodine I 131 (iodine-131), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of CLR 131, the phospholipid ether (PLE) moiety is selectively taken up by lipid raft microdomains expressed on tumor cells and accumulates in the cytoplasm of tumor cells;. CLR 131 is not taken up by normal, healthy cells. This delivers cytotoxic iodine I 131 directly to and induces cell death in tumor cells. PLEs allows for targeted delivery of the radioisotope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CLR 131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLR 1404 I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I-131 PLE Analogue CLR1404","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I-131-CLR1404","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDC CLR 131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phospholipid Ether-drug Conjugate CLR 131","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Phospholipid Ether-drug Conjugate CLR 131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[131I]-CLR1404","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4045705"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649140"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649140"}]}}{"C29322":{"preferredName":"Phosphoramide Mustard","code":"C29322","definitions":[{"description":"One of a number of chemically-related alkylating agents with antineoplastic properties. The prototype of this group of agents is cyclophosphamide. Most phosphoramide mustards are administered as prodrugs that undergo reductive activation in hypoxic environments to yield cytotoxic metabolites. These agents alkylate and crosslink DNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication. Phosphoramide mustards are also immunosuppressants, mutagens and teratogens. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Phosphoramide Mustard","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070913"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Phosphoramide_Mustard"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8163"}]}}{"C62518":{"preferredName":"Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligomer AVI-4126","code":"C62518","definitions":[{"description":"A c-Myc antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO) with potential antineoplastic activity. Phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer AVI-4126 binds to c-Myc mRNA and blocks its translation, which may result in the death of tumor cells overexpressing c-Myc. Differing from traditional antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), neutrally charged PMOs are composed of subunits of nucleic acid bases linked to a synthetic backbone and, so, are less prone to enzymatic degradation. c-Myc, a proto-oncogene overexpressed in a variety of cancers, is involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVI-4126","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncomyc-NG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PMO AVI-4126","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligomer AVI-4126","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1450425"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496940"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496940"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AVI-4126"}]}}{"C1698":{"preferredName":"Phosphorus P-32","code":"C1698","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive form of phosphorus used in the treatment of cancer. It is also used to help locate areas of DNA damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioactive isotope of phosphorus with beta particle-emitting radiocytotoxic activity. Emitted by phosphorus P32, beta particles directly damage cellular DNA and, by ionizing intracellular water to produce several types of cytotoxic free radicals and superoxides, indirectly damage intracellular biological macromolecules, resulting in tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"P-32","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"P32","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHOSPHORUS P-32","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Phosphorus P 32","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphorus P-32","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"phosphorus-32","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0851287"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"690284A407"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39554"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39554"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Phosphorus-32"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:37972"}]}}{"C114382":{"preferredName":"Photosensitizer LUZ 11","code":"C114382","definitions":[{"description":"A bacteriochlorin-based photosensitizer, with antineoplastic activity upon photodynamic therapy (PDT). Following intravenous administration, the photosensitizer LUZ 11 preferentially accumulates in hyperproliferative tissues, such as tumors. Local application of laser light at the tumor site results in the absorption of light by this agent and a photodynamic reaction between LUZ 11 and oxygen. This results in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which includes singlet oxygen molecules, the superoxide ion, and other cytotoxic free radicals. The formation of ROS induces free radical-mediated DNA damage and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LUZ 11","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Photosensitizer LUZ 11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471817"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758537"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758537"}]}}{"C126802":{"preferredName":"Phytochlorin Sodium-Polyvinylpyrrolidone Complex","code":"C126802","definitions":[{"description":"A photosensitizer composed of the sodium salt form of chlorin e6 and its derivatives complexed with a low-molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymer component, with diagnostic and antineoplastic activities upon photodynamic therapy (PDT). Upon intravenous administration, the photosensitizer phytochlorin-PVP sodium complex preferentially accumulates in hyperproliferative tissues, such as tumors. Local application of light with a certain wavelength to the tumor site results in the absorption of light by this agent leading to its photoactivation. This results in a photodynamic reaction between phytochlorin and oxygen, which causes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including singlet oxygen molecules, the superoxide ion, and other cytotoxic free radicals. The formation of ROS induces free radical-mediated oxidative DNA damage followed by apoptosis of tumor cells. Chlorin e6-PVP is able to penetrate deeply into tissues and is therefore able to treat hard-to-reach tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLC-1013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorin E6-PVP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorin E6-polyvinylpyrrolidone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorin E6/PVP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fotolon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Photolon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phytochlorin Sodium-Polyvinylpyrrolidone Complex","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Phytochlorin Sodium-Polyvinylpyrrolidone Complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2351765"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780299"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780299"}]}}{"C546":{"preferredName":"Pibenzimol","code":"C546","definitions":[{"description":"A fluorescent dye of benzimidazole derivative. Pibenzimol binds to AT-specific sites in the minor groove of duplex DNA and inhibits topoisomerase I, and DNA polymerase, thereby preventing DNA replication. This agent prolongs the G2 phase of the cell cycle and initiates apoptosis in tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bisbenzimidazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOE 33258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hoe 33258","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hoechst 33258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hoechst Dye 33258","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hoechst dye 33258","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PIBENZIMOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Phenol, 4-(5-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)(2,5'-bi-1H-benzimidazol)-2'-yl)-, Trihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenol, p-[5-[5-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-benzimidazolyl]-2- benzimidazolyl]-, Trihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pibenzimol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pibenzimol Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"322921"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019832"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"23491-45-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LHQ7J5KV9B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39193"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39193"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H24N6O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pibenzimol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:52082"}]}}{"C1542":{"preferredName":"Pibrozelesin","code":"C1542","definitions":[{"description":"A semisynthetic anticancer drug that is a type of antitumor antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic water-soluble derivative of the antineoplastic antibiotic duocarmycin B2. Activated by carboxyl esterase, pibrozelesin alkylates DNA by binding to adenine-thymine (A-T)-rich sequences in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and inducing apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzo(1,2-b:4,3-b')dipyrrole-1-carboxylic Acid, 8-(bromomethyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-methy-4-(((4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl)oxy)-6-((5,6,7,-trimethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)carbonyl)-, Methyl Ester (S)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duocamycin B2 Analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW 2189","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW-2189","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW2189","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PIBROZELESIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pibrozelesin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0254093"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154889-68-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IHK933KCIC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42429"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42429"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H36BrN5O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"KW_2189"}]}}{"C73816":{"preferredName":"Pibrozelesin Hydrobromide","code":"C73816","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrobromide salt form of pibrozelesin, a semisynthetic water-soluble derivative of the antineoplastic antibiotic duocarmycin B2, with antineoplastic activity. Activated by carboxyl esterase, pibrozelesin alkylates DNA by binding to adenine-thymine (A-T)-rich sequences in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and inducing apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PIBROZELESIN HYDROBROMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pibrozelesin Hydrobromide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347514"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"148778-32-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0481JCC90T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H36BrN5O8.BrH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pibrozelesin_Hydrobromide"}]}}{"C745":{"preferredName":"Picibanil","code":"C745","definitions":[{"description":"A lyophilized formulation containing cultures of a low-virulent strain of Streptococcus pyogenes, treated and killed with penicillin G, with potential sclerosing, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. Besides from picibanil's direct damaging effect as a sclerosing agent, it seems to have multiple effects on the immune system as a non-specific immunostimulant. Picibanil activates the host immune system by stimulating the activity of natural killer cells, macrophages and lymphocytes, and by enhancing the production of several key immune mediators, including interleukins and tumor necrosis factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OK-432","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OK-432","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picibanil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Picibanil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Picibanil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picibanil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0031875"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"39325-01-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2F42BH7X2L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489137"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489137"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"OK-432"}]}}{"C48416":{"preferredName":"Picoplatin","code":"C48416","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called platinum analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A new generation organic platinum analog with an extended spectrum of antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome platinum drug resistance, picoplatin alkylates DNA, forming both inter- and intra-strand cross-linkages, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and transcription, and the induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMD473","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-Amminedichloro (2-Methylpyridine) Platinum (II)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JM473","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX-473","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PICOPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Picoplatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Picoplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum, Amminedichloro(2-methylpyridine)-, (SP-4-3)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD0473","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ZD0473","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0671135"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"181630-15-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B5TAN0L720"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"441243"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"441243"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H7N.2Cl.Pt.H3N"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Picoplatin"}]}}{"C1771":{"preferredName":"Picrasinoside H","code":"C1771","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid glycoside phytochemical isolated from the plant Picrasma ailanthoides with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Picras-2-en-1-one, 13-(acetyloxy)-16-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2-methoxy-11,12-(methylenebis(oxy))-, (11alpha,12beta,16alpha)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picrasinoside H","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0648685"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"135638-54-9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Picrasinoside_H"}]}}{"C87736":{"preferredName":"Picropodophyllin","code":"C87736","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclolignan alkaloid found in the mayapple plant family (Podophyllum peltatum), and a small molecule inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Picropodophyllin specifically inhibits the activity and downregulates the cellular expression of IGF1R without interfering with activities of other growth factor receptors, such as receptors for insulin, epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor and mast/stem cell growth factor (KIT). This agent shows potent activity in the suppression o f tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, plays a critical role in the growth and survival of many types of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXL1717","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Furo(3',4':6,7)naphtho(2,3-d)-1,3-dioxol-6(5aH)-one,5,8,8a,9-tetrahydro-9-hydroxy-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-,(5R-(5-alpha,5a-alpha,8a-alpha,9-alpha))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PICROPODOPHYLLIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Picropodophyllin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picropodophyllotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"36407"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0961664"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"477-47-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0F35AOI227"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729917"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729917"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H22O8"}]}}{"C165479":{"preferredName":"Pictilisib","code":"C165479","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of class I phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pictilisib selectively binds to PI3K in an ATP-competitive manner, inhibiting the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth, motility and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis; dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(1H-indazol-4-yl)-6-((4-(methanesulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)-4-(morpholin-4-yl)thieno(3,2-d)pyrimidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-(2-(1H-indazol-4-yl)-6-((4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)thieno(3,2-d)pyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC 0941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC0941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PICTILISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pictilisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"957054-30-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ICY00EMP8P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C82380":{"preferredName":"Pictilisib Bismesylate","code":"C82380","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable bismesylate salt of pictilisib, a small molecule inhibitor of class I phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pictilisib selectively binds to PI3K in an ATP-competitive manner, inhibiting the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth, motility and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis; dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(1H-indazol-4-yl)-6-(4-methanesulfonyl-piperazin-1- ylmethyl)-4-morpholin-4-yl-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine, bimesylate salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0941 Bismesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0941 Dimesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PICTILISIB BISMESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pictilisib Bismesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pictilisib Bismesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pictilisib Dimesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thieno(3,2-d)pyrimidine, 2-(1H-indazol-4-yl)-6-((4-(methylsulfonyl)-1-piperazinyl)methyl)-4-(4-morpholinyl)-, Methanesulfonate (1:2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408651"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"957054-33-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G3D7HF2GS9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641462"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641462"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PI3K_Inhibitor_GDC-0941_Bismesylate"}]}}{"C71014":{"preferredName":"Pidilizumab","code":"C71014","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human PD-1 (programmed cell death 1; PDCD1), with immunomodulating and antitumor activities. Pidilizumab blocks interaction between the receptor PD-1 with its ligands, PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-1L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-1L2), resulting in the attenuation of apoptotic processes in lymphocytes, primarily effector/memory T cells, and the augmentation of the anti-tumor activities of NK cells. PD-1 is an inhibitory receptor belonging to the B7-receptor family that is expressed on lymphocytes and myeloid cells; its ligands, PD-1L1 and PD-1L2, are expressed not only by hematopoietic cells but also by cells in non-lymphoid tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CT 011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Programmed Cell Death 1); Humanized Mouse Monoclonal CT-011 Gamma1 Heavy Chain (220-213')-disulfide with Humanized Mouse Monoclonal CT-011 Kappa Light Chain Dimer (226-226'':229-229'')-bisdisulfide, Glycosylated (CT-011 is Expressed in NSO Cells)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDV9300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIDILIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pidilizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pidilizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346821"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1036730-42-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B932PAQ1BQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573227"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573227"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-PD-1_Monoclonal_Antibody_CT-011"}]}}{"C71705":{"preferredName":"Pilaralisib","code":"C71705","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule, targeting the class I phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) family of lipid kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Pilaralisib reversibly binds to class 1 PI3Ks in an ATP-competitive manner, inhibiting the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and activation of the PI3K signaling pathway; this may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents including genotoxic agents and receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Amino-N-(3-(N-(3-((2-chloro-5-methoxyphenyl)amino)quinoxalin-2-yl)sulfamoyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropanamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PILARALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pilaralisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pilaralisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR245408","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL 147","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-147","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL147","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347424"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"934526-89-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"60ES45KTMK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558909"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558909"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PI3K_Family_Kinase_Inhibitor_XL147"}]}}{"C84864":{"preferredName":"Pimasertib","code":"C84864","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of MEK1 and MEK2 (MEK1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Pimasertib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1/2, preventing the activation of MEK1/2-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK1/2 (MAP2K1/K2) are dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinases that play key roles in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and are often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AS703026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 1036239","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC1936369","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-3-[(2-fluoro-4- iodophenyl)amino]isonicotinamide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIMASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pimasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pimasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830124"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1236699-92-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6ON9RK82AL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653634"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653634"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H15FIN3O3"}]}}{"C1279":{"preferredName":"Pingyangmycin","code":"C1279","definitions":[{"description":"The naturally-occurring bleomycin antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces pingyangensisn. Pingyangmycin induces tumor cell apoptosis, possibly via a mechanism mediated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bleomycetin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycin A5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1-(3-((4-Aminobutyl)amino)propyl)bleomycinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pingyangmycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Pingyangmycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zhengguangmycin A5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"350895"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053847"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"77108-50-0"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pingyangmycin"}]}}{"C103179":{"preferredName":"Pinometostat","code":"C103179","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of histone methyltransferase with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, pinometostat specifically blocks the activity of the histone lysine-methyltransferase DOT1L, thereby inhibiting the methylation of nucleosomal histone H3 on lysine 79 (H3K79) that is bound to the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) fusion protein which targets genes and blocks the expression of leukemogenic genes. This eventually leads to an induction of apoptosis in the leukemic cells bearing the MLL gene translocations. DOT1L, a non-SET domain-containing histone methyltransferase, specifically methylates H3K79 and plays a key role in normal cell differentiation and in the development of leukemia with MLL gene rearrangement on chromosome 11 and promotes the expression of leukemia-causing genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DOT1L Inhibitor EPZ-5676","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPZ-5676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PINOMETOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pinometostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pinometostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641112"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8V9YR09EF3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740411"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740411"}]}}{"C71633":{"preferredName":"Pioglitazone","code":"C71633","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat type 2 diabetes and is being studied in the prevention of head and neck cancer. It may be able to stop leukoplakia (a condition affecting the mouth) from developing into cancer. It is a type of thiazolidinedione.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Pioglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, thereby inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis. This agent also modulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes, inhibits macrophage and monocyte activation, and stimulates adipocyte differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PIOGLITAZONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pioglitazone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pioglitazone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pioglitazone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0071097"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"111025-46-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X4OV71U42S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H20N2O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pioglitazone_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8228"}]}}{"C29367":{"preferredName":"Pioglitazone Hydrochloride","code":"C29367","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat type 2 diabetes and is being studied in the prevention of head and neck cancer. It may be able to stop leukoplakia (a condition affecting the mouth) from developing into cancer. It is a type of thiazolidinedione.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Pioglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, thereby inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis. This agent also modulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes, inhibits macrophage and monocyte activation, and stimulates adipocyte differentiation. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Actos","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Actos","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIOGLITAZONE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pioglitazone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pioglitazone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pioglitazone.HCl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0872972"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"112529-15-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JQT35NPK6C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"398145"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"398145"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H20N2O3S.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pioglitazone"}]}}{"C1874":{"preferredName":"Pipendoxifene","code":"C1874","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to a family of drugs called antiestrogens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nonsteroidal 2-phenyl indole and a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with potential antineoplastic activity. Pipendoxifene antagonizes binding of estradiol to estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha), thereby inhibiting ER alpha-mediated gene expression, interfering with estrogen activity and inhibiting estrogen-stimulated growth in estrogen-dependent breast cancer. In addition, this agent also exerts intrinsic estrogenic activity depending on the tissue types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1-[4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)benzyl]-1H-indol-5-ol Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERA 923","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERA-923","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"ERA-923","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PIPENDOXIFENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pipendoxifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935699"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"198480-55-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TPC5Q8496G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38112"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38112"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H32N2O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ERA_923"}]}}{"C1401":{"preferredName":"Piperazinedione","code":"C1401","definitions":[{"description":"A crystalline antibiotic fermentation product isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces griseoluteus with antineoplastic activity. Piperazinedione alkylates DNA at the N-7 position of guanine, inhibiting DNA replication and inducing cell cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2, 5-Piperazinedione, 3,6-bis-(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-, dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2, 5-piperazinedione, 3,6-bis-(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-, dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,5-Piperazinedione, 3, 6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidinyl)-, dihydrochloride, [3S-[3.alpha.(2S*,5R*),6.alpha.(2S*,5R*)]]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2,5-piperazinedione, 3, 6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidinyl)-, dihydrochloride, [3S-[3alpha(2S*,5R*),6alpha(2S*,5R*)]]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"593A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"593A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compound 593A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Compound 593A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Merck Compound 593A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PZD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PZD dihydrochloride, 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidinyl)-, dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PZD dihydrochloride, 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidinyl)-, dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Piperazinedione","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"135758"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0888240"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"41109-80-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39556"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39556"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Piperazinedione"}]}}{"C48417":{"preferredName":"Piperine Extract (Standardized)","code":"C48417","definitions":[{"description":"A standardized extract containing the active alkaloid piperine, derived from the fruit of the plant Piper nigrum (black pepper) and/or the plant Piper longum L. (long pepper), with thermogenic properties. Co-ingestion of piperidine enhances the bioavailability of various nutrients, including beta-carotene, curcumin, selenium, pyridoxine and coenzyme Q10. In addition, this agent may exert anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities and may enhance the production of serotonin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bioperine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Piperine Extract (Standardized)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Piperine Extract (Standardized)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Standardized Piperine Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709545"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"440023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"440023"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Piperine_Extract_Standardized"}]}}{"C750":{"preferredName":"Pipobroman","code":"C750","definitions":[{"description":"A piperazine derivative with potential antineoplastic alkyating activity. Although the exact mechanism of action of pipobroman has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to act by alkylating DNA, leading to disruption of DNA replication and eventually cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amedel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIPOBROMAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pipobroman","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vercyte","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vercyte","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"25154"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0031965"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"54-91-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6Q99RDT97R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H16Br2N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pipobroman"}]}}{"C1783":{"preferredName":"Piposulfan","code":"C1783","definitions":[{"description":"An alkyl sulfonate with potential antineoplastic activity. Piposulfan alkylates DNA, thereby producing DNA interstrand crosslinks and DNA strand breaks and inhibiting DNA replication. This agent has been shown to exhibit antitumor activity in an animal model of prostate cancer. 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This agent is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin and exhibits activity against some doxorubicin-resistant cell lines. 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Upon administration, pirotinib selectively and irreversibly binds to and inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptors 1 (ErbB1; EGFR), 2 (ErbB2; HER2), and 4 (ErbB4; HER4). This may result in the inhibition of cell growth and angiogenesis in tumors overexpressing these RTKs. EGFRs play major roles in both tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization, and are overexpressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KBP-5209","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KBP5209","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pirotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pirotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4054177"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772247"}]}}{"C1182":{"preferredName":"Piroxantrone","code":"C1182","definitions":[{"description":"An anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic. Piroxantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. 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Pixantrone intercalates into DNA and induces topoisomerase II-mediated DNA strand crosslinks, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and tumor cell cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6,9-Bis((2-aminoethyl)amino)benzo(g)isoquinoline-5,10-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIXANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pixantrone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pixantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pixantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0253355"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"144510-96-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F5SXN2KNMR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H19N5O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pixantrone"}]}}{"C82398":{"preferredName":"Pixantrone Dimaleate","code":"C82398","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. 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Pixantrone intercalates into DNA and induces topoisomerase II-mediated DNA strand crosslinks, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and tumor cell cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6,9-Bis((2-Aminoethyl)Amino)Benzo(g)Isoquinoline-5,10-Dione (2z)-But-2-Enedioate (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBR 2778","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BBR 2778","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benz(g)Isoquinoline-5,10-Dione, 6,9-Bis((2-Aminoethyl)Amino)-, (2z)-2-Butenedioate (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIXANTRONE DIMALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pixantrone Dimaleate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pixantrone Dimaleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pixantrone Maleate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408667"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"144675-97-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"non-Hodgkin's lyphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P0R64C4CR9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269678"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269678"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H19N5O2.2C4H4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pixantrone_Dimaleate"}]}}{"C753":{"preferredName":"Placebo","code":"C753","definitions":[{"description":"A pharmaceutical preparation that does not contain the investigational agent. in blinded studies, it is generally prepared to be physically indistinguishable from the preparation containing the investigational product.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inactive substance or treatment that looks the same as, and is given the same way as, an active drug or treatment being tested. 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Upon intravenous administration, the platinum moiety forms complexes with nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA, inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links, resulting in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Compared to platinum alone, the nanoparticle formulation allows increased delivery of platinum to the tumor site, thereby increasing efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NPt","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPt Nanomaterial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPt Nanoparticles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPt-Ca","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum Acetylacetonate-Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sol-gel NPt Nanomaterial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sol-gel NPt Nanoparticles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554861"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793980"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793980"}]}}{"C1450":{"preferredName":"Platinum Compound","code":"C1450","definitions":[{"description":"A chemotherapy compound that contains a platinum atom. Platinum compounds do not contain alkyl groups but do cause DNA crosslinks and adducts similar to alkylating agents. DNA crosslinks and adducts ultimately lead to the induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Platinum Agents","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum Compound","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Platinum Compound","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum-Based Chemotherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206135"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Platinum_Compound"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:33749"}]}}{"C1629":{"preferredName":"Plevitrexed","code":"C1629","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule, non-polyglutamatable, antifolate quinazoline derivative thymidine synthetase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. 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Plinabulin selectively targets and binds to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin, thereby interrupting equilibrium of microtubule dynamics. This disrupts mitotic spindle assembly leading to cell cycle arrest at M phase and blockage of cell division. In addition, plinabulin may also inhibit growth of proliferating vascular endothelial cells, thereby disrupting the function of tumor vasculature that further contributes to a decrease in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3Z,6Z)-6-benzylidene-3-{[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]methylidene}piperazine-2,5-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPI-2358","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLINABULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Plinabulin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plinabulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1741609"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"714272-27-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"986FY7F8XR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488984"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488984"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H20N4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"NPI-2358"}]}}{"C1689":{"preferredName":"Plitidepsin","code":"C1689","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is obtained from a marine organism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cyclic depsipeptide isolated from the marine tunicate Aplidium albicans. Plitidepsin displays a broad spectrum of antitumor activities, inducing apoptosis by triggering mitochondrial cytochrome c release, initiating the Fas/DC95, JNK pathway and activating caspase 3 activation. This agent also inhibits elongation factor 1-a, thereby interfering with protein synthesis, and induces G1 arrest and G2 blockade, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APLD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aplidin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aplidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Aplidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DDB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dehydrodemnin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dehydrodidemnin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[1-(1,2-Dioxopropyl)-L-prolyl]didemnin A","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLITIDEPSIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Plitidepsin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plitidepsin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aplidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"638719"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0388638"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"137219-37-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y76ID234HW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"460052"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"460052"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aplidine"}]}}{"C49091":{"preferredName":"Plk1 Inhibitor BI 2536","code":"C49091","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It prevents cells from dividing and may block the growth of some tumors. It is a type of mitotic inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small molecule compound with potential antineoplastic activities. BI 2536 binds to and inhibits Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), resulting in mitotic arrest, disruption of cytokinesis, and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations. Plk1, a serine/threonine-protein kinase, is a key regulator of multiple processes fundamental to mitosis and cell division.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 2536","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BI 2536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-2536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plk1 Inhibitor BI 2536","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plk1 Inhibitor BI 2536","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706888"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"452943"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"452943"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BI_2536"}]}}{"C95888":{"preferredName":"Plocabulin","code":"C95888","definitions":[{"description":"A marine-derived, synthetically produced compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Plocabulin covalently binds to residues lying in the minor groove of DNA, which may result in delayed progression through S phase, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLOCABULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PM-060184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PM060184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plocabulin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plocabulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272412"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"960210-99-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"52Y8L60CR7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696184"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696184"}]}}{"C88308":{"preferredName":"Plozalizumab","code":"C88308","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied as a treatment for atherosclerosis (a build-up of fat in the arteries). It is also being studied in the treatment of cancers that spread to the bone. Anti-CCR2 monoclonal antibody MLN1202 binds to a protein called CCR2, which is found on the surface of certain bone cells, white blood cells, and cancer cells. Anti-CCR2 monoclonal antibody MLN1202 blocks the action of a substance that is involved in keeping healthy bone mass. It may help keep the cancer cells from spreading to and growing in the bone. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), with potential antiangiogenic, immunomodulating, antimetastatic, and antineoplastic activities. Plozalizumab binds to CCR2 and prevents binding of the endothelium-derived CLL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or MCP1) to its receptor CCR2, which may result in inhibition of CCR2 activation and so inhibition of angiogenesis, tumor cell migration, and tumor cell proliferation. In addition, this agent may reduce levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). The G-protein coupled receptor CCR2 is expressed on the surface of monocytes and macrophages, stimulates the migration and infiltration of these cell types, and plays an important role in inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor cell migration and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human CC Chemokine Receptor CCR2) (Human-mus musculus Monoclonal 1d9 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-mus musculus Monoclonal 1d9 kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN1202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MLN1202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLOZALIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Plozalizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plozalizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-CCR2 monoclonal antibody MLN1202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981824"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1610761-46-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4XG66BMN0D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659685"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659685"}]}}{"C126798":{"preferredName":"Pol I Inhibitor CX5461","code":"C126798","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of RNA polymerase I (Pol I), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CX-5461 selectively binds to and inhibits Pol I, prevents Pol I-mediated ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis, induces apoptosis, and inhibits tumor cell growth. Pol I, the multiprotein complex that synthesizes rRNA, is upregulated in cancer cells and plays a key role in cell proliferation and survival. Hyperactivated rRNA transcription is associated with uncontrolled cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(4-Methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-N-((5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)methyl)-5-oxo-5H-benzo[4,5]thiazolo[3,2-a][1,8]naphthyridine-6-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-(4-Methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-N-[(5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)methyl]-5-oxo-[1,3]benzothiazolo[3,2-a][1,8]naphthyridine-6-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5H-Benzothiazolo[3,2-a][1,8]naphthyridine-6-carboxamide, 2-(hexahydro-4-methyl-1H-1,4-diazepin-1-yl)-N-[(5-methyl-2-pyrazinyl)methyl]-5-oxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-5461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX5461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pol I Inhibitor CX5461","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RNA Pol I Inhibitor CX5461","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3180849"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1138549-36-6"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780145"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780145"}]}}{"C104153":{"preferredName":"Polatuzumab Vedotin","code":"C104153","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain (CD79B) conjugated, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of polatuzumab vedotin selectively binds to CD79B, a protein which is abundantly expressed on the surface of B-cells. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. CD79B, a component of the B-cell receptor (BCR), plays a key role in B-cell receptor signaling and is expressed on the surface of almost all types of malignant B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DCDS4501A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-Drug Conjugate DCDS4501A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCDS4501A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCU 2711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"POLATUZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Polatuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polatuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polivy","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 5541077-000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"polatuzumab vedotin-piiq","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4078806"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1313206-42-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KG6VO684Z6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695317"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695317"}]}}{"C158511":{"preferredName":"Polidocanol","code":"C158511","definitions":[{"description":"An alkyl polyglycol ether of lauryl alcohol with sclerosing and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon intralesional administration, polidocanol induces endothelial cell injury by disrupting calcium signaling and nitric oxide pathways. Following endothelial damage, platelets aggregate at the site of injury and attach to the venous wall, resulting in a dense network of platelets, cellular debris, and fibrin that occludes the vessel. Inducing endothelial cell damage within melanoma metastases may incite an antitumor response in untreated bystander lesions and inhibit the growth of in transit metastases and other cutaneous lesions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aethoxysklerol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asclera","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dodecylnonaoxyethylene Glycol Monoether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laureth 9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laureth-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lauromacrogol 400","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonaethylene Glycol Monododecyl Ether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"POLIDOCANOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Polidocanol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938148"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3055-99-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0AWH8BFG9A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797373"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797373"}]}}{"C157372":{"preferredName":"Poliglusam","code":"C157372","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally occurring polysaccharide composed of beta-1,4-linked glucosamine residues with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, poliglusam may, through a not yet fully elucidated mechanism, reduce advanced glycation end product (AGE) levels. This may reduce the interaction between AGEs and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE, AGER), which is overexpressed in some tumor types and is associated with poor patient outcomes. AGE-RAGE interaction may induce the phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb), a key cell cycle inhibitor and tumor suppressor, through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB, Akt) signaling pathway. Hyperphosphorylation of Rb leads to the dissociation of the Rb-E2F complex, which triggers the activation of genes required for G1/S transition and tumorigenesis. Reducing AGE levels may limit AGE-RAGE interaction and normalize the G1 to S-phase transition, potentially reducing the development and progression of certain cancers. AGEs are non-enzymatic protein modifications produced during the normal aging process that have been shown to play a role in the development and progression of some cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chitosan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deacetylchitin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"POLIGLUSAM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Poliglusam","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Poliglusam","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936946"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"82LKS4QV2Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C70948":{"preferredName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor GSK461364","code":"C70948","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor GSK461364 selectively inhibits Plk1, inducing selective G2/M arrest followed by apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells while causing reversible cell arrest at the G1 and G2 stage without apoptosis in normal cells. Plk1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in regulating mitotic spindle function in a non-ATP competitive manner.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK461364","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor GSK461364","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347618"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573587"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573587"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Polo-like_Kinase_1_Inhibitor_GSK461364"}]}}{"C82389":{"preferredName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor MK1496","code":"C82389","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor MK1496 selectively inhibits Plk1, inducing selective G2/M arrest followed by apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells while causing reversible cell arrest at the G1 and G2 stage without apoptosis in normal cells. Plk1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in regulating mitotic spindle function in a non-ATP competitive manner.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MK1496","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLK1 Inhibitor MK1496","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor MK1496","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408660"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642286"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642286"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Polo-like_Kinase_1_Inhibitor_MK1496"}]}}{"C88313":{"preferredName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor NMS-1286937","code":"C88313","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor NMS-1286937 selectively inhibits PLK1, inducing selective G2/M cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells while causing reversible cell-cycle arrest at the G1 and G2 stages without apoptosis in normal cells. PLK1 inhibition may result in the inhibition of proliferation in PLK1-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK1 is a serine/threonine protein kinase crucial in the regulation of mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NMS-1286937","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor NMS-1286937","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413568"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660210"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660210"}]}}{"C111990":{"preferredName":"Polo-like Kinase 4 Inhibitor CFI-400945 Fumarate","code":"C111990","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available fumarate salt form of CFI-400945, a polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, polo-like kinase 4 inhibitor CFI-400945 selectively inhibits PLK4, which results in the disruption of mitosis and the induction of apoptosis. PLK4 inhibition also prevents cell division and inhibits proliferation of PLK4-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK4, a member of the polo family of serine/threonine kinases overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a crucial role in the regulation of centriole duplication during the cell cycle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CFI-400945 Fumarate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLK4 Inhibitor CFI-400945 Fumarate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 4 Inhibitor CFI-400945 Fumarate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454279"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754001"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754001"}]}}{"C101894":{"preferredName":"Poly-alendronate Dextran-Guanidine Conjugate","code":"C101894","definitions":[{"description":"A polybisphosphonate dextran-guanidine conjugate with potential anti-resorptive and antineoplastic activities. Alendronic acid and aminoguanidine were conjugated sequentially to oxidized dextran resulting in an average of 8 alendronate and 50 guanidine groups coupled to the dextran backbone. Upon administration, the poly-alendronate dextran-guanidine conjugate inhibits the mevalonate pathway by inhibiting farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) which leads to a reduction in protein prenylation and to the loss of downstream metabolites essential for osteoclast function. This eventually leads to the induction of apoptosis in osteoclasts. Also, by preventing osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, this agent decreases bone turnover and stabilizes the bone matrix. The guanidine moiety increases the nitrogen content and possibly the activity of the bisphosphonate and its ability to inhibit FDPS. In addition, the guanidine moiety facilitates cell internalization and may contribute to this agent's cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dextran/Alendronate/Guanidine-containing Polybisphosphonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteodex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly-alendronate Dextran-Guanidine Conjugate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL436277"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733915"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733915"}]}}{"C106124":{"preferredName":"Poly-gamma Glutamic Acid","code":"C106124","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble and biodegradable polymer naturally synthesized by various strains of Bacillus and composed of D- and L-glutamic acid polymerized via gamma-amide linkages, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, poly-gamma glutamic acid may augment the immune response by increasing the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and inducing the activation of macrophage and natural killer (NK) cells. IFN-gamma is a major mediator of innate and adaptive immunity against viral and intracellular bacterial infections as well as for tumor control. TNF-alpha is a cytokine involved in systemic inflammation, which is capable of inducing apoptotic cell death and exhibits anti-tumoral effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gamma-polyglutamic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly-gamma Glutamic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly-gamma-glutamate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gamma-PGA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1723263"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748858"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748858"}]}}{"C38130":{"preferredName":"Polyamine Analog SL11093","code":"C38130","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic compound of the polyamine class of chemicals with potential antineoplastic activity. Natural endogenous polyamines bind to DNA and are involved in a number of cellular processes such as cell division, differentiation, and membrane function. SL11093 displaces these polyamines from their DNA binding sites, resulting in cessation of cell growth and cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,8,13,18-Tetraaza-10,11-[(E)-1,2-cyclopropyl]eicosane Tetrahydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGC 11093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGC-11093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGC11093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyamine Analog SL11093","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL 11093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL-11093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL11093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"724908"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1259818"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SL11093"}]}}{"C60816":{"preferredName":"Polyamine Analogue PG11047","code":"C60816","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of lymphoma. It belongs to the family of drugs called polyamine analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A second generation polyamine analogue, synthesized through the restriction of molecular conformations of parent polyamine compounds, with potential antineoplastic activity. Polyamine analogue PG11047 may displace endogenous polyamines from DNA binding sites, thereby interfering with cell cycle processes dependent upon polyamine binding and function, and resulting in cell-cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, depletion of polyamines, and interference with gene and ligand-receptor activities involved with cell growth. This agent may exhibit decreased toxicity and enhanced cytotoxicity profiles compared to first-generation polyamine compounds. In tumor cells, there is an increase dependence on polyamines as well as a dysregulated polyamine metabolic pathway resulting in abnormal or sustained tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BESpm","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGC-11047","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N(1),-N(12)-bis(ethyl)-cis-6,7-dehydrospermine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N(1),-N(12)-bis(ethyl)-cis-6,7-dehydrospermine tetrahydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N(1),N(12)-bisethylspermine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PG11047","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyamine Analogue PG11047","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL-11047","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SL11047","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963112"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467739"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467739"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SL11047"}]}}{"C142788":{"preferredName":"Polyamine Analogue SBP-101","code":"C142788","definitions":[{"description":"An analogue of naturally occurring polyamine (PA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, SBP-101 displaces endogenous PAs from PA-binding sites on the cell surface, which prevents internalization of PA. This inhibits PA-dependent cell cycle processes and results in cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. PA uptake is upregulated in various tumor types and increased levels of PA leads to enhanced tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diethyl Dihydroxyhomospermine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HO2-DEHSPM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyamine Analogue SBP-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polyamine Analogue SBP-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SBP 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SBP-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540733"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C148487":{"preferredName":"Polyamine Transport Inhibitor AMXT-1501 Dicaprate","code":"C148487","definitions":[{"description":"The dicaprate salt form of AMXT-1501, an orally bioavailable polyamine transport inhibitor, with immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AMXT-1501 targets, binds to and blocks polyamine transport from the bloodstream into the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby preventing cancer cell uptake. This decreases polyamine concentrations inside the TME and tumor cell, inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. In addition, AMXT-1501 may abrogate polyamine-mediated immune suppression in the TME. Polyamines, naturally found in normal, heathy cells, are required for normal cell growth and division. In cancer cells, polyamines play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor-induced suppression of the patient's immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMX 513 Dicaprate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMX513 Dicaprate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMXT-1501 Dicaprate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyamine Transport Inhibitor AMXT-1501 Dicaprate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polyamine Transport Inhibitor AMXT-1501 Dicaprate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551058"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792572"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792572"}]}}{"C1628":{"preferredName":"Polyandrol","code":"C1628","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Castela polyandra and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polyandrol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0298893"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Polyandrol"}]}}{"C92583":{"preferredName":"Polyethylene Glycol Recombinant Endostatin","code":"C92583","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation containing recombinant endostatin attached to polyethylene glycol (PEG), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Endostatin, a 20 kDa C-terminal proteolytic fragment of collagen XVIII, induces microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis and inhibits endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis, which may result in a reduction of tumor cell growth. Modification with PEG extends the circulation half-life of endostatin, improves stability and increases solubility in organic solvents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"M2ES","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyethylene Glycol Recombinant Endostatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL419349"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670652"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670652"}]}}{"C125243":{"preferredName":"Polyethyleneglycol-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin DFP-13318","code":"C125243","definitions":[{"description":"A long-acting formulation composed of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38), a camptothecin derivative and active metabolite of irinotecan conjugated to polyethylene glycol (PEG), via a proprietary, cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the proprietary linkage system allows for very slow release of SN38 from the formulation. Upon release, SN38 selectively stabilizes covalent topoisomerase I-DNA complexes, and results in single-stranded and double-stranded DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication, and the induction of apoptosis. This agent is designed to deliver the active metabolite to tumor cells without the need for conversion as is the case with irinotecan. Compared to other PEG-SN38-based formulations, the linker system in DFP-13318 increases its half-life and the exposure time for tumor cells, while decreasing both blood plasma concentrations and exposure to off-target organs; this results in increased efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DFP-13318","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG SN38 DFP-13318","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PL 0264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PL-0264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX-0264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyethyleneglycol-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyethyleneglycol-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin DFP-13318","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polyethyleneglycol-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin DFP-13318","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultra-Long-Acting-PEG-SN-38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultra-long Acting PEG-SN38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504040"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778327"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778327"}]}}{"C150508":{"preferredName":"Polymer-encapsulated Luteolin Nanoparticle","code":"C150508","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle formulation containing the poorly water-soluble naturally-occurring flavonoid luteolin encapsulated within a water-soluble polymer, with potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, apoptosis-inducing and chemopreventive activities. Upon administration of the polymer-encapsulated luteolin nanoparticle, luteolin scavenges free radicals, protects cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage and induces direct tumor cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation and suppresses metastasis. Compared to luteolin alone, encapsulation increases the delivery of luteolin to the tumor cells by protecting the drug against clearance and degradation, increases blood circulation time and enhances delivery into the tumor through the leaky vasculature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3',4',5,7-Tetrahydroxyflavone-encapsulated Polymer Nanoparticles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nano-luteolin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoluteolin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle-based Luteolin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymer-encapsulated Luteolin Nanoparticle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552290"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793030"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793030"}]}}{"C69079":{"preferredName":"Polymeric Camptothecin Prodrug XMT-1001","code":"C69079","definitions":[{"description":"A polymeric prodrug of camptothecin (CPT) with potential antineoplastic activity. Polymeric camptothecin prodrug XMT-1001 consists of CPT conjugated to the 60-70 kDa, inert, bio-degradable, hydrophilic copolymer poly[1-hydroxymethylene hydroxymethyl formal] (PHF). Through a dual-phase, non-enzymatic release mechanism, CPT is first released in plasma from XMT-1001 as the lipophilic prodrugs CPT-SI (a succinimidoglycinate derivative) and CPT-SA (a succinamidoyl glycinate derivative), which are then hydrolyzed within tissues to release the lactone form of CPT. CPT inhibits the catalytic activity of DNA topoisomerase I, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and inducing apoptosis. This agent may exhibit a more favorable pharmacokinetic profile than other agents in the same class.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MER-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymeric Camptothecin Prodrug XMT-1001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polymeric Camptothecin Prodrug XMT-1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347623"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544567"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544567"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Polymeric_Camptothecin_Prodrug_XMT-1001"}]}}{"C129595":{"preferredName":"Polypodium leucotomos Extract","code":"C129595","definitions":[{"description":"A nutritional supplement composed of an aqueous extract derived from the leaves of the tropical fern belonging to the Polypodiaceae family, Polypodium leucotomos (PL; Phlebodium aureum), with potential photoprotective, skin protective, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antioxidant activities. This extract contains many phenolic compounds, such as ferulic, caffeic, coumaric and vanillic acid, which are mainly responsible for this extract's effects. Upon administration, Polypodium leucotomos extract (PLE) exerts antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting the generation and release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby preventing ultraviolet (UV)-induced as well as ROS-induced DNA damage. In addition, the chemicals in this extract protect antioxidant enzymes and modulate expression of cancer and inflammation-related genes, including the induction of the expression of tumor suppressor genes and the inhibition of the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory enzymes, thereby inhibiting the activation of signal transduction pathways involved in carcinogenesis and inflammation, respectively. PLE also stimulates tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fernblock","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PL Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polypodium leucotomos Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1614561"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783987"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783987"}]}}{"C1204":{"preferredName":"Polysaccharide-K","code":"C1204","definitions":[{"description":"A protein-bound polysaccharide derived from the mushroom Trametes versicolor (Turkey Tail) with immunoadjuvant and potential antitumor activities. Although its mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that polysaccharide-K induces peripheral blood monocyte secretion of IL-8 and TNF-alpha, induces T cell proliferation, and prevents cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression. This agent has also been reported to stimulate macrophages to produce reactive nitrogen intermediates and superoxide anions and to promote apoptosis in the promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glycoproteins","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"KS-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Krestin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Krestin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSK","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polysaccharide-K","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polysaccharide-K","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0072522"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"66455-27-4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39574"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39574"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Polysaccharide-K"}]}}{"C1201":{"preferredName":"Polysialic Acid","code":"C1201","definitions":[{"description":"A highly negative-charged carbohydrate composed of a linear polymer of alpha 2,8-linked sialic acid residue with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Polysialic acid (PSA) is mainly attached to the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), a membrane-bound glycoprotein overexpressed in certain types of cancers. In embryonic tissue PSA-NCAM is abundantly expressed and PSA plays an important role in formation and remodeling of the neural system through modulation of the adhesive properties of NCAM, thereby reducing cell-cell interactions and promoting cellular mobility. In adult tissue however, the expression of PSA-NCAM is associated with a variety of malignant tumors, signifying its potential role in tumor metastasis. When administered in a vaccine formulation, PSA may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell response against tumors expressing PSA, thereby resulting in a reduction in tumor size.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polysialic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0071677"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37839"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37839"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Polysialic_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:26206"}]}}{"C67038":{"preferredName":"Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid","code":"C67038","definitions":[{"description":"A class of dietary fatty acids containing two or more double bonds.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A fatty acid containing more than one double bond (C=C). The essential fatty acids omega-3 and omega-6 are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that contain 2 or more cis double bonds. Dietary intake of some PUFAs may have beneficial effects on blood pressure, serum lipds, and inflammation. Some PUFAs, such as omega-3 PUFAs, may have antineoplastic or chemopreventive activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fatty Acid, Total Polyunsaturated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PUFA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PUFA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032615"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539359"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539359"},{"name":"INFOODS","value":"FAPU"},{"name":"USDA_ID","value":"646"},{"name":"Unit","value":"g"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Polyunsaturated_Fatty_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:26208"}]}}{"C1633":{"preferredName":"Polyvalent Melanoma Vaccine","code":"C1633","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of whole irradiated heterologous melanoma cells which express multiple melanoma-related antigens. Polyvalent melanoma vaccine may stimulate an antitumoral cytotoxic T-cell immune response in the host, resulting in inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PMCV","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyvalent Melanoma Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyvalent Melanoma Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polyvalent Melanoma Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0299555"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43301"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43301"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Polyvalent_Melanoma_Vaccine"}]}}{"C26665":{"preferredName":"Pomegranate Juice","code":"C26665","definitions":[{"description":"A natural juice isolated from the fruit of the plant Punica granatum with antioxidant, potential antineoplastic, and chemopreventive activities. Pomegranate juice contains flavonoids which promote differentiation and apoptosis in tumor cells by down-regulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stimulating migration inhibitory factor (MIF), thereby inhibiting angiogenesis. The flavonoids in pomegranate juice also scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, in some cell types, may prevent ROS-mediated cell injury and death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"POMEGRANATE JUICE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pomegranate Juice","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pomegranate Juice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327962"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"99S671U9KB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304321"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304321"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pomegranate_Juice"}]}}{"C78866":{"preferredName":"Pomegranate Liquid Extract","code":"C78866","definitions":[{"description":"A liquid extract preparation derived from pomegranate (Punica granatum) seeds with antioxidant, and potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Pomegranate liquid extract contains flavonoids which may promote differentiation and apoptosis in tumor cells by down-regulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stimulating migration inhibitory factor (MIF), thus inhibiting angiogenesis. Pomegranate liquid extract flavanoids also scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, in some cell types, may prevent ROS-mediated cell injury and death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dadima Fruit Water","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"POMEGRANATE FRUIT VOLATILE OIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pomegranate Liquid Extract","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pomegranate Liquid Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Punica granatum Fruit Volatile Oil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387635"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P52EO36K90"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613221"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613221"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pomegranate_Liquid_Extract"}]}}{"C95777":{"preferredName":"Ponatinib","code":"C95777","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Ponatinib inhibits unmutated and all mutated forms of Bcr-Abl, including T315I, the highly drug therapy-resistant missense mutation of Bcr-Abl. This agent also inhibits other tyrosine kinases including those associated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs); in addition, it inhibits the tyrosine kinase receptor TIE2 and FMS-related tyrosine kinase receptor-3 (Flt3). RTK inhibition by ponatinib may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis and may induce cell death. Bcr-Abl is a fusion tyrosine kinase encoded by the Philadelphia chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP-24534","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP24534","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, 3-(2-Imidazo(1,2-B)Pyridazin-3-Ylethynyl)-4-Methyl-N-(4-((4-Methyl-1- Piperazinyl)Methyl)-3-(Trifluoromethyl)Phenyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PONATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ponatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987417"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"943319-70-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4340891KFS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H27F3N6O"}]}}{"C78194":{"preferredName":"Ponatinib Hydrochloride","code":"C78194","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of an orally bioavailable multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Ponatinib inhibits unmutated and all mutated forms of Bcr-Abl, including T315I, the highly drug therapy-resistant missense mutation of Bcr-Abl. This agent also inhibits other tyrosine kinases including those associated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs); in addition, it inhibits the tyrosine kinase receptor TIE2 and FMS-related tyrosine kinase receptor-3 (Flt3). RTK inhibition by ponatinib may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis and may induce cell death. Bcr-Abl is a fusion tyrosine kinase encoded by the Philadelphia chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP24534 HCl","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, 3-(2-Imidazo(1,2-B)Pyridazin-3-Ylethynyl)-4-Methyl-N-(4-((4-Methyl-1- Piperazinyl)Methyl)-3-(Trifluoromethyl)Phenyl)-, Hydrochloride (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iclusig","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PONATINIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ponatinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ponatinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981174"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1114544-31-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"96R6PU3D8J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595060"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595060"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H27F3N6O.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Multitargeted_Receptor_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_AP24534"}]}}{"C146853":{"preferredName":"Porcupine Inhibitor CGX1321","code":"C146853","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic, protective and regenerative activities. Upon oral administration, PORCN inhibitor CGX1321 specifically targets and binds to PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), thereby inhibiting the post-translational palmitoylation and secretion of Wnt ligands, thus preventing the activation of Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibiting cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. In addition, by inhibiting the secretion of Wnt ligands and preventing Wnt-mediated signaling, CGX1321 may also limit fibrosis and promote regeneration of certain tissues upon cell injury. PORCN catalyzes the palmitoylation of Wnt ligands, and plays a key role in Wnt ligand secretion. Wnt signaling is dysregulated in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. It also plays a key role in tissue regeneration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGX 1321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGX-1321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGX1321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PORCN Inhibitor CGX1321","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor CGX1321","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor CGX1321","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WNT Signaling Inhibitor CGX1321","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WTN Inhibitor CGX1321","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544835"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792268"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792268"}]}}{"C123830":{"preferredName":"Porcupine Inhibitor ETC-1922159","code":"C123830","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ETC-1922159 binds to and inhibits PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which blocks post-translational palmitoylation of Wnt ligands and inhibits their secretion. This prevents the activation of Wnt ligands, interferes with Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibits cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. Porcupine catalyzes the palmitoylation of Wnt ligands, and plays a key role in Wnt ligand secretion. Wnt signaling is dysregulated in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETC-159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETC-1922159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PORCN Inhibitor ETC-1922159","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor ETC-1922159","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor ETC-1922159","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498223"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775936"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775936"}]}}{"C156701":{"preferredName":"Porcupine Inhibitor RXC004","code":"C156701","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RXC004 binds to and inhibits PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which blocks post-translational acylation of Wnt ligands and inhibits their secretion. This prevents the activation of Wnt ligands, interferes with Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibits cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. Porcupine, a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT), is required for the palmitoylation of Wnt ligands, and plays a key role in Wnt ligand secretion and activity. Wnt signaling is dysregulated in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor RXC004","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXC 004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXC-004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXC004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935870"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795722"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795722"}]}}{"C116860":{"preferredName":"Porcupine Inhibitor WNT974","code":"C116860","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, WNT974 binds to and inhibits PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which blocks post-translational acylation of Wnt ligands and inhibits their secretion. This prevents the activation of Wnt ligands, interferes with Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibits cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. Porcupine, a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT), is required for the palmitoylation of Wnt ligands, and plays a key role in Wnt ligand secretion and activity. Wnt signaling is dysregulated in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(2,3-Dimethyl-[2,4-bipyridin]-5-yl)-N-(5-(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGK974","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PORCN inhibitor LGK974","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor WNT974","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor WNT974","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WNT974","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3851400"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700477"}]}}{"C1071":{"preferredName":"Porfimer Sodium","code":"C1071","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat some types of cancer. When absorbed by cancer cells and exposed to light, porfimer sodium becomes active and kills the cancer cells. It is a type of photodynamic therapy agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt of a mixture of oligomers formed by ether and ester linkages of up to eight porphyrin units with photodynamic activity. Absorbed selectively by tumor cells, porfimer produces oxygen radicals after activation by 630 nm wavelength laser light, resulting in tumor cell cytotoxicity. In addition, tumor cell death may occur due to ischemic necrosis secondary to vascular occlusion that appears to be partly mediated by the release of thromboxane A2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CL-184116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihematoporphyrin Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihematoporphyrin Ether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PORFIMER SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Photofrin II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Photofrin II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Porfimer Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Porfimer Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dihematoporphyrin ether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"porfimer sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"603062"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"265328"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524033"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"87806-31-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Photosensitizer, bladder, esophagel, gastric, lung and rectal cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y3834SIK5F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40294"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40294"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"(C34H35N4NaO5)n.(C34H33N4NaO4)n"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Porfimer_Sodium"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:60773"}]}}{"C763":{"preferredName":"Porfiromycin","code":"C763","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called anticancer antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An N-methyl derivative of the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces ardus and other Streptomyces bacterial species. Bioreduced porfiromycin generates oxygen radicals and alkylates DNA, producing interstrand cross-links and single-strand breaks, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Porfiromycin is preferentially toxic to hypoxic cells. 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Poziotinib inhibits EGFR (HER1 or ErbB1), HER2, HER4 and EGFR mutants, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress these receptors. EGFRs, cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases, are often upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and play key roles in cellular proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HM781-36B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOV120101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"POZIOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Poziotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Poziotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3180480"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1092364-38-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OEI6OOU6IK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715507"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715507"}]}}{"C71708":{"preferredName":"Pracinostat","code":"C71708","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. SB939 blocks the action of an enzyme called histone deacetylase (HDAC) and may stop tumor cells from dividing. It is a type of HDAC inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally available, small-molecule histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Pracinostat inhibits HDACs, which may result in the accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling; the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes; the tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division; and, finally, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may possess improved metabolic, pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties compared to other HDAC inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-propenamide, 3-(2-butyl-1-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-1h-benzimidazol-5-yl)-N-hydroxy-, (2E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor SB939","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRACINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pracinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pracinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB939","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SB939","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"kaempferol 3-o-beta-d-(6-E-P-coumaroylglucoside)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467801"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"929016-96-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GPO2JN4UON"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"559644"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"559644"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H30N4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HDAC_Inhibitor_SB939"}]}}{"C2250":{"preferredName":"Pralatrexate","code":"C2250","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used in the treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (a fast-growing form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma). It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Pralatrexate may block the growth of cancer cells and cause them to die. It is a type of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A folate analogue inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) exhibiting high affinity for reduced folate carrier-1 (RFC-1) with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Pralatrexate selectively enters cells expressing RFC-1; intracellularly, this agent is highly polyglutamylated and competes for the folate binding site of DHFR, blocking tetrahydrofolate synthesis, which may result in depletion of nucleotide precursors; inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis; and apoptotic tumor cell death. Efficient intracellular polyglutamylation of pralatrexate results in higher intracellular concentrations compared to non-polyglutamylated pralatrexate, which is more readily effuxed by the MRP (multidrug resistance protein) drug efflux pump. RFC-1, an oncofetal protein expressed at highest levels during embryonic development, may be over-expressed on the cell surfaces of various cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S)-2-[[4-[(1RS)-1-[(2, 4-Diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl]but-3-ynyl]benzoyl]amino]pentanedioic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"10-Propargyl-10-Deazaaminopterin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"FOLOTYN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Folotyn","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-{1-[(2,4-Diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl]but-3-yn-1-yl}benzoyl)-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRALATREXATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pralatrexate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pralatrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pralatrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879404"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"146464-95-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A8Q8I19Q20"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37828"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37828"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_10-Propargyl-10-Deazaaminopterin"}]}}{"C29375":{"preferredName":"Pravastatin Sodium","code":"C29375","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to lower the amount of cholesterol in the blood and to prevent stroke and heart attack. It is also being studied in the treatment of cancer and other conditions. Pravastatin sodium blocks an enzyme that helps make cholesterol in the body. It may also make tumor cells more sensitive to anticancer drugs. It is a type of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, a type of statin, and a type of chemosensitizer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt of pravastatin with cholesterol-lowering and potential antineoplastic activities. Pravastatin competitively inhibits hepatic hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels, and modulates immune responses by suppressing MHC II (major histocompatibility complex II) on interferon gamma-stimulated, antigen-presenting cells such as human vascular endothelial cells. In addition, pravastatin, like other statins, exhibits pro-apoptotic, growth inhibitory, and pro-differentiation activities in a variety of tumor cells; these antineoplastic activities may be due, in part, to inhibition of the isoprenylation of Ras and Rho GTPases and related signaling cascades.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PRAVASTATIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pravastatin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Pravastatin Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pravastatin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pravastatin sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700474"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"81131-70-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3M8608UQ61"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"424450"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"424450"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H35O7.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pravastatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8361"}]}}{"C768":{"preferredName":"Prednimustine","code":"C768","definitions":[{"description":"The prednisolone ester of chlorambucil and nitrogen mustard alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity. Prednimustine itself is not cytotoxic, however, it becomes cytotoxic upon hydrolysis by serum esterases to chlorambucil. Therefore, the increased potency of prednimustine is linked to the prolonged availability of free chlorambucil.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11beta,17,21-trihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 21-[4-[p-[bis(3-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]butyrate]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"11beta-21-[4-[4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]-1-oxobutoxy]-11,17-dihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorambucil Prednisolone Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEO-1031","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leo 1031","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PREDNIMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Prednimustine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Prednimustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 11-beta,17,21-trihydroxy-,21-(4-(p-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)butyrate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sterecyt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sterecyt","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stereocyt","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"171345"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"134087"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032949"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"29069-24-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9403SIO2S8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39560"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39560"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C35H45Cl2NO6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Prednimustine"}]}}{"C769":{"preferredName":"Prednisolone","code":"C769","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that lessens inflammation and suppresses the body's immune response. It may also kill cancer cells. Prednisolone is used to treat disorders in many organ systems and to treat the symptoms of several types of leukemia and lymphoma. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Prednisolone is a type of therapeutic glucocorticoid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. After cell surface receptor attachment and cell entry, prednisolone enters the nucleus where it binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors, resulting in an altered gene expression and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production. This agent also decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes, induces cell differentiation, and stimulates apoptosis in sensitive tumor cells populations. 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Allergic conditions; Hematologic conditions; Neoplastic conditions; Autoimmune conditions; Replacement therapy in adrenal insufficiency"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9PHQ9Y1OLM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43296"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43296"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H28O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Prednisolone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8378"}]}}{"C1202":{"preferredName":"Prednisolone Acetate","code":"C1202","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt form of prednisolone, a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. As a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, prednisolone acetate binds to specific intracellular glucocorticoid receptors, and causes the ligand-receptor complex to be translocated to the nucleus where it initiates the transcription of glucocorticoid-responsive genes such as various cytokines and lipocortins. Lipocortins inhibit phospholipase A2, thereby blocking the release of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids and preventing the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes, both potent mediators of inflammation. This agent also decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes, induces cell differentiation, and stimulates apoptosis in sensitive tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ak-Tate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Articulose-50","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balpred","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deltacortilen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deltastab","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Di-Adreson-F","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diopred","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Econopred","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Econopred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flo-Pred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexacortone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrocortancyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inf-Oph","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflanefran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Key-Pred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Locaseptil-Neo","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ophtho-Tate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PREDNISOLONE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pred Fort","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pred Forte","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Pred Forte","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pred Mild","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Pred Mild","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predaject","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predalone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predcor","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednefrin SF","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predni-H","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predni-POS","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednihexal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predniocil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednisolone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednisolone acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"10966"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0071839"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52-21-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8B2807733D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H30O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Prednisolone_Acetate"}]}}{"C1402":{"preferredName":"Prednisolone Sodium Phosphate","code":"C1402","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium phosphate salt form of prednisolone, a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. As a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, prednisolone sodium phosphate binds to specific intracellular glucocorticoid receptors, and causes the ligand- receptor complex to be translocated to the nucleus where it initiates the transcription of glucocorticoid-responsive genes such as various cytokines and lipocortins. Lipocortins inhibit phospholipase A2, thereby blocking the release of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids and preventing the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes, both potent mediators of inflammation. This agent also decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes, induces cell differentiation, and stimulates apoptosis in sensitive tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ak-Pred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflamase","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Key-Pred SP","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Millipred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orapred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orapred ODT","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PREDNISOLONE SODIUM PHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pediapred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polypred","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predmix","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednabene","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednesol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednisol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednisolone Sodium Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednisolone Sodium Phosphate ODT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predsol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Veripred 20","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0138273"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"125-02-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IV021NXA9J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H27O8P.2Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Prednisolone_Sodium_Phosphate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8379"}]}}{"C91392":{"preferredName":"Prexasertib","code":"C91392","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1 (chk1) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, prexasertib selectively binds to chk1, thereby preventing activity of chk1 and abrogating the repair of damaged DNA. This may lead to an accumulation of damaged DNA and may promote genomic instability and apoptosis. Prexasertib may potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Chk1, a serine/threonine kinase, mediates cell cycle checkpoint control and is essential for DNA repair and plays a key role in resistance to chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyrazinecarbonitrile, 5-((5-(2-(3-Aminopropoxy)-6-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2606368","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PREXASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Prexasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prexasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984213"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1234015-52-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"820NH671E6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673506"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673506"}]}}{"C91736":{"preferredName":"Prexigebersen","code":"C91736","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation containing the antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, liposome-incorporated Grb2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide binds directly to and blocks Grb2 mRNA, thereby preventing Grb2 protein synthesis, leading to inhibition of cell proliferation of cancer cells overexpressing Grb2. Grb2, an adaptor protein involved in growth signaling pathways, is upregulated in certain tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BP-100-1.01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Grb2 AS ODN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome-Incorporated Grb2 Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposome-Incorporated Grb2 Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PREXIGEBERSEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Prexigebersen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421657"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"202484-91-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8W1O4Y961B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681815"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681815"}]}}{"C143059":{"preferredName":"Prime Cancer Vaccine MVA-BN-CV301","code":"C143059","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer priming vaccine consisting of a proprietary version of the recombinant vaccinia viral vector, modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN), encoding both the two human tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and mucin-1 (MUC-1), and TRICOM, which is comprised of the three human immune-enhancing co-stimulatory molecules B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration of MVA-BN-CV301, followed by multiple boosting doses of the fowlpox virus (FPV) vaccine CV301, a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA- and MUC-1-expressing tumor cells is activated. In addition, the CV301-dependent anti-tumor CTL response upregulates the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1); therefore, when CV301 is combined with a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitor, the antitumor effect may be increased. CEA and MUC-1 are overexpressed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MVA-BN Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-BN-CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prime Cancer Vaccine MVA-BN-CV301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prime Cancer Vaccine MVA-BN-CV301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prime Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541455"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C1811":{"preferredName":"Prinomastat","code":"C1811","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors. Prinomastat is a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic hydroxamic acid derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Prinomastat inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (specifically, MMP-2, 9, 13, and 14), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. As a lipophilic agent, prinomastat crosses the blood-brain barrier. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3S)-N-Hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-{{4-(4-piridinyloxy)phenyl}sulfonyl}-3-thiomorpholinecarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG3340","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AG3340","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRINOMASTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Prinomastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Prinomastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"prinomastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0919273"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"192329-42-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"10T6626FRK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43058"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43058"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H21N3O5S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Prinomastat"}]}}{"C133019":{"preferredName":"Proapoptotic Sulindac Analog CP-461","code":"C133019","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable second-generation selective apoptotic antineoplastic drug (SAAND) and analog of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) sulindac, with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CP-461 specifically binds to and blocks the activity of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-phosphodiesterase (cGMP-PDE), an enzyme that inhibits the normal apoptosis signal pathway. Inhibition of cGMP-PDE permits the apoptotic signal pathway to proceed unopposed, resulting in apoptotic cell death. cGMP-PDE is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types; therefore, CP-461 selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells, with minimal or no effect in healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Indene-3-acetamide, 5-Fluoro-2-methyl-N-(phenylmethyl)-1-(4-pyridinylmethylene)-, Monohydrochloride, (1Z)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEL 031","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP 461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-461","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CP-461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI 461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proapoptotic Sulindac Analog CP-461","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1101538"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"227619-96-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"68OJX9I7DT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354217"}]}}{"C62072":{"preferredName":"Procarbazine","code":"C62072","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug that is used to treat advanced Hodgkin lymphoma and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Procarbazine blocks cells from making proteins and damages DNA. It may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antineoplastic agent and a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A methylhydrazine derivative with antineoplastic and mutagenic activities. Although the exact mode of cytotoxicity has not been elucidated, procarbazine, after metabolic activation, appears to inhibit the trans-methylation of methionine into transfer RNA (t-RNA), thereby preventing protein synthesis and consequently DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent may also undergo auto-oxidation, resulting in the formation of cytotoxic free radicals which damage DNA through an alkylation reaction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzethyzin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ibenzmethyzin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(1-methylethyl)-4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-4-isopropylcarbamoylbenzyl-N'-methylhydrazine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Methylhydrazine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-isopropyl-alpha-(2-methylhydrazino)-p-toluamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROCARBAZINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Procarbazin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Procarbazine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Procarbazine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-(N'-methylhydrazinomethyl)-N-isopropylbenzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"procarbazine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0033223"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"671-16-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"35S93Y190K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H19N3O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Procarbazine_Base"}]}}{"C773":{"preferredName":"Procarbazine Hydrochloride","code":"C773","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat advanced Hodgkin lymphoma and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Matulane blocks cells from making proteins and damages DNA. It may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antineoplastic agent and a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a methylhydrazine derivative with antineoplastic and mutagenic activities. Although the exact mode of cytotoxicity has not been elucidated, procarbazine, after metabolic activation, appears to inhibit the trans-methylation of methionine into transfer RNA (t-RNA), thereby preventing protein synthesis and consequently DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent may also undergo auto-oxidation, resulting in the formation of cytotoxic free radicals which damage DNA through an alkylation reaction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzamide, N-(1-methylethyl)-4-[(2-methylhydrazino) methyl]-, monohydrochloride (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ibenzmethyzine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MIH hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MIH hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Matulane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Matulane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Matulane","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(1-methylethyl)-4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzamide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-4-isopropylcarbamoylbenzyl-N'-methylhydrazine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-isopropyl-alpha-(2-methylhydrazino)-p-toluamide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCI-C01810","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"NCI-C01810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Natulan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Natulan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Natulanar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Natunalar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Natunalar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCB Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCB hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PCZ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROCARBAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Procarbazine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Procarbazine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 4 6467/1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ro 4-6467/1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"benzamide, N-(1-methylethyl)-4-[(2-methylhydrazino) methyl]-, monohydrochloride (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-(N'-methylhydrazinomethyl)-N-isopropylbenzamide hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"p-(N'-methylhydrazinomethyl)-N-isopropylbenzamide hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-Toluamide, N-isopropyl-.alpha.-(2-methylhydrazino)-, monohydrochloride (8CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"p-toluamide, N-isopropyl-alpha-(2-methylhydrazino)-, monohydrochloride (8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"procarbazine hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"77213"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205909"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"366-70-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Brain tumors; Hodgkins diseases; Non-Hodgkins lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XH0NPH5ZX8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41607"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41607"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H19N3O.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Procarbazine"}]}}{"C120318":{"preferredName":"Procaspase Activating Compound-1 VO-100","code":"C120318","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable procaspase activating compound-1 (PAC-1), with potential proapoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, VO-100 binds to and forms a chelating complex with zinc (Zn) ions inside cells, which prevents the binding of Zn ions to procaspase-3 (PC3) and abrogates the Zn-mediated inhibition of PC3. This allows for the proteolytic autoactivation of PC3 into the active form caspase-3. This results in the selective caspase-3-mediated induction of apoptosis and cell death in cancer cells. In addition, VO-100 is able to cross the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). PC3, a Zn-inhibited proenzyme, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, while its expression is minimal in normal healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PAC-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAC-1 VO-100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Procaspase Activating Compound-1 VO-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Procaspase Activating Compound-1 VO-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VO-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3889731"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768985"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768985"}]}}{"C95709":{"preferredName":"Prohibitin-Targeting Peptide 1","code":"C95709","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric, 25-mer peptide that targets prohibitin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Prohibitin-targeting peptide 1 (prohibitin-TP01) consists of a fat-targeting motif (CKGGRAKDC), two repeats of a proapoptotic peptide motif (KLAKLAK) and a GG linker. This peptide binds specifically to prohibitin in the white adipose vasculature; upon receptor-mediated cell internalization, the ligand/receptor complex triggers apoptosis and results in ablation of white fat. Destruction of white fat may potentially have positive consequences for men with prostate cancer since a high level of white fat has been implicated as a critical contributing factor in poor prostate cancer outcome. Prohibitin, a multifunctional membrane-associated protein that is thought to regulate cell survival and growth, has been shown by immunohistochemical analysis to be expressed in the membrane of endothelial cells in white adipose tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Prohibitin-TP01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prohibitin-Targeting Peptide 1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prohibitin-Targeting Peptide 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"15133506"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428174"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691802"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691802"}]}}{"C129689":{"preferredName":"Prostaglandin E2 EP4 Receptor Inhibitor E7046","code":"C129689","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor type 4 (EP4; EP-4), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, E7046 selectively targets, binds to and blocks the activity of immunosuppressive tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs) in the microenvironment. This abolishes TAMC-dependent immunosuppression and reduces tumor cell proliferation. The presence of immunosuppressive myeloid cells in certain tumors is associated with a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E 7046","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E-7046","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7046","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP4 Antagonist E7046","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP4 Inhibitor E7046","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostaglandin E EP4 Receptor Antagonist E7046","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostaglandin E2 EP4 Receptor Inhibitor E7046","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prostaglandin E2 EP4 Receptor Inhibitor E7046","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507851"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792739"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792739"}]}}{"C71723":{"preferredName":"Prostate Cancer Vaccine ONY-P1","code":"C71723","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based vaccine derived from prostate cancer with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Prostate cancer vaccine ONY-P1 is derived from three irradiated allogeneic prostate cancer cell lines that represent different stages of prostate cancer and express a broad range of prostate and prostate cancer antigens. Upon administration, this vaccine may stimulate a host immune response against prostate cancer cells; in the vaccination schedule, the first two vaccinations are co-administered with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) as an adjuvant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ONY-P1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onyvax-P","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Cancer Vaccine ONY-P1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1667068"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561135"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Prostate_Cancer_Vaccine_ONY-P1"}]}}{"C77860":{"preferredName":"Prostate Health Cocktail Dietary Supplement","code":"C77860","definitions":[{"description":"A dietary supplement consisting of a blend of 8 natural ingredients with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. This dietary supplement contains vitamin D3 (as cholecalciferol), vitamin E (as d-alpha tocopherol), selenium (as L-selenomethionine), epigallocatechin (green tea extract), saw palmetto (berry extract), lycopene, and the isoflavonoids daidzein and genistein. This combination preparation may decrease prostate cell growth and inhibit prostate carcinogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cholecalciferol/d-Alpha Tocopherol/L-Selenomethionine/Green Tea Extract/Saw Palmetto Berry Extract/Daidzein/Genistein/Lycopene Prostate Health Supplement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHC","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Health Cocktail","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Health Cocktail Dietary Supplement","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prostate Health Cocktail Dietary Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383736"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596155"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596155"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Prostate_Health_Cocktail_Dietary_Supplement"}]}}{"C2548":{"preferredName":"Prostatic Acid Phosphatase-Sargramostim Fusion Protein PA2024","code":"C2548","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically-engineered protein formed by the fusion of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and sargramostim (GM-CSF). Vaccination with antigen-presenting cells (APC) loaded with prostatic acid phosphatase-sargramostim fusion protein may elicit a cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells that express PAP. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PA2024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROSTATIC ACID PHOSPHATASE (PAP)-GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR (GM-CSF) FUSION PROTEIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Prostatic Acid Phosphatase-Sargramostim Fusion Protein PA2024","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prostatic Acid Phosphatase-Sargramostim Fusion Protein PA2024","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879585"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N5E5Q8249O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38040"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38040"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Prostatic_Acid_Phosphatase-Sargramostim_Fusion_Protein"}]}}{"C132192":{"preferredName":"Protease-activated Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Prodrug CX-072","code":"C132192","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant antibody prodrug composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; B7-H1; CD274) that is linked to a proprietary masking peptide through a protease-cleavable linker on the amino terminus of the light chain domain of the antibody, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the linkage system is stable in the circulation and, upon extravasation into the tumor microenvironment, the peptide mask is cleaved by tumor-associated proteases. These proteases are present in high concentrations and aberrantly activated in the tumor microenvironment, while expressed as inactive forms, at much lower concentrations, in normal, healthy tissue. Protease cleavage of the linker enables binding of the unmasked, fully active monoclonal antibody moiety of CX-072 to PD-L1, which is over expressed on certain cancer cells. This blocks the binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) on T-lymphocytes, thereby enhancing the T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immune response and reversing PD-L1/PD-1-mediated T-cell suppression. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. Compared to the unmodified PD-L1 antibody, peptide masking of CX-072 minimizes binding to PD-L1 in normal tissues, thereby decreasing autoimmune-based side effects while retaining anti-tumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CX 072","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-072","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-L1 Probody Therapeutic CX-072","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Probody CX-072","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protease-activated Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Prodrug CX-072","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Protease-activated Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Prodrug CX-072","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520194"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787226"}]}}{"C142177":{"preferredName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor GSK3326595","code":"C142177","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, selective small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Although the mechanism of action has not been completely determined, PRMT5 inhibitor GSK3326595 binds to the substrate recognition site of PRMT5 following oral administration and inhibits its methyltransferase activity, which decreases the levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 and modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes, including cell proliferation. Therefore, this agent may increase the expression of antiproliferative genes and/or decrease the expression of genes that promote cell proliferation and may lead to decreased growth of rapidly proliferating cells, including cancer cells. PRTM5, an arginine methyltransferase that can catalyze the formation of both omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and symmetrical dimethylarginine (sDMA) on histones and a variety of other protein substrates, is overexpressed in several neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPZ015938","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-3326595","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK3326595","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRMT5 Inhibitor GSK3326595","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor GSK3326595","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor GSK3326595","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540166"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791458"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791458"}]}}{"C158100":{"preferredName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PF-06939999","code":"C158100","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 (histone-arginine N-methyltransferase PRMT5; PRMT5) with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Although the mechanism of action has not yet been fully elucidated, orally administered PRMT5 inhibitor PF-06939999 inhibits the methyltransferase activity of PRMT5, thereby decreasing the levels of monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3, and H4, and modulating the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes including cell proliferation. This may increase the expression of antiproliferative genes and/or decrease the expression of genes that promote cell proliferation, and may decrease the growth of rapidly proliferating cells, including cancer cells. PRTM5, an arginine methyltransferase that can catalyze the formation of both omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and symmetrical dimethylarginine (sDMA) on histones and a variety of other protein substrates, is overexpressed in several neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PF 06939999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06939999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF06939999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRMT5 Inhibitor PF-06939999","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PF-06939999","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PF-06939999","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937738"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797355"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797355"}]}}{"C162454":{"preferredName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PRT543","code":"C162454","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action has not been completely determined, upon oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor PRT543 selectively binds to the substrate recognition site of PRMT5 and inhibits its methyltransferase activity. This decreases the levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 and modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes, including cellular proliferation. As a result, PRT543 may increase the expression of antiproliferative genes and/or decrease the expression of genes that promote cell proliferation, which may lead to decreased growth of rapidly proliferating cells, including cancer cells. PRTM5, an arginine methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of both omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (sDMA) on histones and a variety of other protein substrates, is overexpressed in several neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PRMT5 inhibitor PRT543","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRT 543","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRT-543","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRT543","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PRT543","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PRT543","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798738"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798738"}]}}{"C124796":{"preferredName":"Protein Kinase C Inhibitor IDE196","code":"C124796","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor with potential immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, protein kinase C inhibitor IDE196 binds to and inhibits PKC, which prevents the activation of PKC-mediated signaling pathways. This may lead to the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. PKC, a serine/threonine protein kinase overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells, is involved in tumor cell differentiation, proliferation, invasion and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDE 196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDE-196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDE196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LXS196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKC Inhibitor IDE196","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Kinase C Inhibitor IDE196","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Protein Kinase C Inhibitor IDE196","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Kinase C Inhibitor LXS196","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503026"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777033"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777033"}]}}{"C106430":{"preferredName":"Protein Phosphatase 2A Inhibitor LB-100","code":"C106430","definitions":[{"description":"A water soluble inhibitor of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), with potential chemo- and radiotherapy enhancing activity. Upon injection, PP2A inhibitor LB-100 inhibits the removal of phosphate groups from proteins essential for cell cycle progression. When used with radio- or chemotherapy treatment, this agent prevents the activation of PP2A-mediated repair mechanisms and allows for malignant cells to progress through the cell cycle without having their damaged DNA repaired. This enhances the cytotoxic effect of the chemotherapeutic or radiotherapeutic agent and results in tumor cell apoptosis. PP2A, a serine/threonine phosphatase that plays a key role in the control of cell growth and DNA damage repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LB-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PP2A Inhibitor LB-100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Phosphatase 2A Inhibitor LB-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827105"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749984"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749984"}]}}{"C90534":{"preferredName":"Protein Stabilized Liposomal Docetaxel Nanoparticles","code":"C90534","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation containing protein-stabilized liposome nanoparticles encapsulating the poorly water-soluble, second-generation taxane analog docetaxel with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds to and stabilizes the beta-tubulin subunit, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and displays immunomodulatory and pro-inflammatory properties by inducing various mediators of the inflammatory response. Compared to the use of toxic carriers to increase solubilization of docetaxel, protein-stabilized liposomal docetaxel improves drug solubility while avoiding carrier-associated toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATI-1123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Stabilized Liposomal Docetaxel Nanoparticles","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Protein Stabilized Liposomal Docetaxel Nanoparticles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413616"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663670"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663670"}]}}{"C130036":{"preferredName":"Proxalutamide","code":"C130036","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, proxalutamide binds to AR in target tissues, inhibits androgen-induced receptor activation, and facilitates the formation of inactive complexes that cannot translocate to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes that regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation. In addition, proxalutamide induces AR downregulation, thereby further preventing AR-mediated signaling. This ultimately leads to an inhibition of growth in AR-expressing prostate cancer cells. AR is overexpressed in prostate cancer and plays a key role in prostate cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GT-0918","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GT0918","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proxalutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4043276"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1398046-21-3"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784935"}]}}{"C87389":{"preferredName":"Pseudoisocytidine","code":"C87389","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, pyrimidine C-5 nucleoside with antineoplastic activity. Pseudoisocytidine, after conversion into pseudoisocytidine triphosphate, is incorporated into DNA and RNA eventually halting tumor cell proliferation. Compared to 5-azacytidine and cytarabine, this agent shows enhanced stability and resistance to enzymatic deamination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 2-Amino-5-Beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-(Beta-D-Ribofuranosyl)Isocytosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSEUDOISOCYTIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pseudoisocytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"psi Icyd","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0072540"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57100-18-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TDH73L8XQD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H13N3O5"}]}}{"C153353":{"preferredName":"Pterostilbene","code":"C153353","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3',5'-Dimethoxy-4-stilbenol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,5-Dimethoxy-4'-hydroxystilbene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTEROSTILBENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Phenol, 4-(2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)-, (E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pterostilbene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pterostilbene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trans-3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxystilbene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554454"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"537-42-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"26R60S6A5I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794141"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794141"}]}}{"C73239":{"preferredName":"Pumitepa","code":"C73239","definitions":[{"description":"A thiotepa derivative with potential antineoplastic alkylating activity. Although the exact mechanism of action of pumitepa has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to work through alkylation, thereby causing DNA damage and cell cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fopurin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PUMITEPA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pumitepa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0060632"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"42061-52-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7AYY495RE0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H19N8OP"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pumitepa"}]}}{"C162555":{"preferredName":"Puquitinib","code":"C162555","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the delta form of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, puquitinib selectively binds to the ATP-binding pocket of PI3K-delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K-delta over-expressing tumor cells. PI3K-delta also plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and the proliferation of certain hematologic cancer cells. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells, thereby minimizing serious side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PUQUITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Puquitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XC-302 Free Base","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"916890-10-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WFG29AB872"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C162556":{"preferredName":"Puquitinib Mesylate","code":"C162556","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt of puquitinib, an orally available selective inhibitor of the delta form of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, puquitinib selectively binds to the ATP-binding pocket of PI3K-delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K-delta over-expressing tumor cells. PI3K-delta also plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and the proliferation of certain hematologic cancer cells. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells, thereby minimizing serious side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PUQUITINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Puquitinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XC-302 Anhydrous","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1018818-41-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z4NA6BNF2L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C787":{"preferredName":"Puromycin","code":"C787","definitions":[{"description":"An aminoglycoside antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces alboniger. Acting as an analog of the 3' terminal end of aminoacyl-tRNA, puromycin incorporates itself into a growing polypeptide chain and causes its premature termination, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. This agent has antimicrobial, antitrypanosomal, and antineoplastic properties; it is used as an antibiotic in cell culture. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenosine, 3'-((2-amino-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxopropyl)amino)-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyl-, (S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine, 3'-(alpha-amino-p-methoxyhydrocinnamamido)-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyl-, L-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL 16536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-3'-(alpha-Amino-p-methoxyhydrocinnamamido)-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyladenosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-638","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PUROMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Puromicina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Puromycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Puromycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Puromycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Puromycine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Puromycinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stillomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stylomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"3055"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034145"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53-79-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4A6ZS6Q2CL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H29N7O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Puromycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17939"}]}}{"C75148":{"preferredName":"Puromycin Hydrochloride","code":"C75148","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of puromycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces alboniger. Acting as an analog of the 3' terminal end of aminoacyl-tRNA, puromycin incorporates itself into a growing polypeptide chain and causes its premature termination, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. This agent has antimicrobial, antitrypanosomal, and antineoplastic properties; it is used as an antibiotic in cell culture.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PUROMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Puromycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0282329"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58-58-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PGN54228S5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H29N7O5.2HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Puromycin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C29395":{"preferredName":"Pyrazinamide","code":"C29395","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic pyrazinoic acid amide derivative with bactericidal property. Pyrazinamide is particularly active against slowly multiplying intracellular bacilli (unaffected by other drugs) by an unknown mechanism of action. Its bactericidal action is dependent upon the presence of bacterial pyrazinamidase, which removes the amide group to produce active pyrazinoic acid. Pyrazinamide is an important component of multidrug therapy for tuberculosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PYRAZINAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pyrazinamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"14911"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034239"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"98-96-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2KNI5N06TI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H5N3O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pyrazinamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:45285"}]}}{"C1564":{"preferredName":"Pyrazoloacridine","code":"C1564","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called acridines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 9-methoxy acridine compound containing a reducible 5-nitro substituent. Pyrazoloacridine appears to intercalate into DNA and inhibit RNA synthesis, DNA synthesis, and the activities of topoisomerases I and II, thereby causing cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pyrazoloacridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pyrazoloacridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pyrazoloacridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"366140"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280970"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41418"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41418"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pyrazoloacridine"}]}}{"C1852":{"preferredName":"Pyridyl Cyanoguanidine CHS 828","code":"C1852","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is being studied as a treatment for solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyridyl cyanoguanidine that exhibits antitumor activity by an unknown mechanism. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHS 828","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CHS 828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHS-828","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CHS-828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(6-(4-Chlorophenoxy)hexyl)-N'-Cyano-N''-4-Pyridylcyanoguanidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyridyl Cyanoguanidine CHS 828","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18201551"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879285"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"200484-11-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8LAP87DNSZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43567"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43567"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CHS_828"}]}}{"C111895":{"preferredName":"Pyrotinib","code":"C111895","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, dual kinase inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or HER-1) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2 or HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pyrotinib binds to and inhibits both EGFR and HER2, which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumor cells. EGFR and HER2 are receptor tyrosine kinases that are upregulated in various tumor cell types and play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pyrotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pyrotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454228"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753336"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753336"}]}}{"C162554":{"preferredName":"Pyrotinib Dimaleate","code":"C162554","definitions":[{"description":"The dimaleate ester of pyrotinib, an orally bioavailable, dual kinase inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, ErbB1 or HER-1) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2 or HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pyrotinib binds to and inhibits both EGFR and HER2, which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumor cells. EGFR and HER2 are receptor tyrosine kinases that are upregulated in various tumor cell types and play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pyrotinib Dimaleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyrotinib Maleate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-1258 Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1397922-61-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"85KUE857XM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C2801":{"preferredName":"Pyroxamide","code":"C2801","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called histone deacetylase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of hydroxamic acid with antineoplastic properties, Pyroxamide inhibits histone deacetylases involved in transcription; induces hyperacetylation of core histones, modulating chromatin structure and affecting transcription of some genes that inhibit tumor growth; and induces growth arrest and apoptosis. Pyroxamide is used in clinical studies for cancer chemotherapy. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pyroxamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Pyroxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Pyroxamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Suberoyl-3-aminopyridineamide Hydroxamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pyroxamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"696085"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0966748"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"382180-17-8"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"256405"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"256405"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pyroxamide"}]}}{"C67087":{"preferredName":"Pyruvate Kinase Inhibitor TLN-232","code":"C67087","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic cyclic heptapeptide with potential antineoplastic activity. Pyruvate kinase (PK) inhibitor TLN-232 targets pyruvate kinase M2 (M2PK), which may disrupt tumor cell anaerobic glycolysis. M2PK is a dimeric isoform of PK and the predominant PK isoform found in tumor cells","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAP-232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyruvate Kinase Inhibitor TLN-232","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0531400"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536241"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536241"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CAP-232"}]}}{"C155882":{"preferredName":"Qilisheng Immunoregulatory Oral Solution","code":"C155882","definitions":[{"description":"An oral solution containing Spondias axillaris, Panax ginseng, schisandra berry, hawthorn, soybean and an as of yet not elucidated bacterium, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon oral administration of the qilisheng immunoregulatory oral solution, the ingredients in qilisheng may modulate the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Qilisheng","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Qilisheng Immunoregulatory Oral Solution","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Qilisheng Solution","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562700"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794790"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794790"}]}}{"C61087":{"preferredName":"Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) Recombinant Vaccine","code":"C61087","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine used to prevent cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancer caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 and genital warts caused by HPV types 6 and 11. It is also used to prevent lesions that are caused by these viruses and that can lead to cervical, vulvar, or vaginal cancer. Quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) recombinant vaccine is used in females aged 9-26 years. It is also used to prevent genital warts in males aged 9-26 years. Quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) recombinant vaccine is being studied in the treatment of other medical conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-infectious recombinant, quadrivalent vaccine prepared from the highly purified virus-like particles (VLPs) of the major capsid (L1) protein of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, and 18 with immunoprophylactic activity. L1 proteins are produced by separate fermentations in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae, self-assembled into VLPs, and adsorbed onto amorphous aluminium hydroxyphosphate sulfate adjuvant following purification. The immunoprophylactic efficacy of L1 VLP vaccines, such as quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6,11,16,18) recombinant vaccine, appear to be mediated by the development of humoral immune responses. HPV Types 16 and 18 account for approximately 70% of cervical cancers and HPV Types 6 and 11 account for approximately 90% of genital warts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gardasil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Gardasil","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Quadrivalent HPV [Type 6, 11, 16 and 18] L1 Virus-Like Particle vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) Recombinant Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) Recombinant Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Quadrivalent Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) recombinant vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831799"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"476576"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"476576"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Quadrivalent_Human_Papillomavirus_Recombinant_Vaccine"}]}}{"C71726":{"preferredName":"Quarfloxin","code":"C71726","definitions":[{"description":"A fluoroquinolone derivative with antineoplastic activity. Quarfloxin disrupts the interaction between the nucleolin protein and a G-quadruplex DNA structure in the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) template, a critical interaction for rRNA biogenesis that is overexpressed in cancer cells; disruption of this G-quadruplex DNA:protein interaction in aberrant rRNA biogenesis may result in the inhibition of ribosome synthesis and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3H-Benzo(b)pyrido(3,2,1-kl)phenoxazine-2-carboxamide, 5-fluoro-N-(2-((2S)- 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl)-3-oxo-6-(3-pyrazinyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-N-(2-((2S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)ethyl)-3-oxo-6-(3-(pyrazin-2- yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3H-benzo(b)pyrido(3,2,1-kl)phenoxazine-2-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-3543","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QUARFLOXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Quarfloxacin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Quarfloxin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Quarfloxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713025"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"865311-47-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8M31J5031Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558903"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558903"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C35H33FN6O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Quarfloxacin"}]}}{"C67059":{"preferredName":"Quinacrine Hydrochloride","code":"C67059","definitions":[{"description":"The dihydrochloride salt of the 9-aminoacridine derivative quinacrine with potential antineoplastic and antiparasitic activities. Quinacrine may inhibit the transcription and activity of both basal and inducible nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), which may result in the induction of tumor suppressor p53 transcription, the restoration of p53-dependent apoptotic pathways, and tumor cell apoptosis. Continuous NF-kappaB signaling, present in many tumors and in chronic inflammatory processes, promotes the expression of antiapoptotic proteins and cytokines while downregulating the expression of proapoptotic proteins, such as p53.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Chloro-9-((4-(diethylamino)-1-methylbutyl)amino)-2-methoxyacridine Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atabrine Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mepacrine Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QUINACRINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Quinacrine Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Quinacrine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Quinacrine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN 390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"14229"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550623"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6151-30-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G6242H2NAA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531122"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531122"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H30ClN3O.2ClH.2H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Quinacrine_Dihydrochloride"}]}}{"C794":{"preferredName":"Quinine","code":"C794","definitions":[{"description":"A quinidine alkaloid isolated from the bark of the cinchona tree. Quinine has many mechanisms of action, including reduction of oxygen intake and carbohydrate metabolism; disruption of DNA replication and transcription via DNA intercalation; and reduction of the excitability of muscle fibers via alteration of calcium distribution. This agent also inhibits the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein which is overexpressed in multi-drug resistant tumors and may improve the efficacy of some antineoplastic agents. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Quinine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"QUIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QUININE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"QUININE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Quinine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"192949"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034417"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"130-95-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A7V27PHC7A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41253"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41253"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H24N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Quinine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15854"}]}}{"C77912":{"preferredName":"Quisinostat","code":"C77912","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, second-generation, hydroxamic acid-based inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) with potential antineoplastic activity. HDAC inhibitor JNJ-26481585 inhibits HDAC leading to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, which may result in an induction of chromatin remodeling; inhibition of the transcription of tumor suppressor genes; inhibition of tumor cell division; and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins. Compared to some first generation HDAC inhibitors, JNJ-26481585 may induce superior HSP70 upregulation and bcl-2 downregulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor JNJ-26481585","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-26481585","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QUISINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Quisinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Quisinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703097"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"875320-29-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9BJ85K1J8S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596704"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596704"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H26N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HDAC_Inhibitor_JNJ-26481585"}]}}{"C68936":{"preferredName":"Quizartinib","code":"C68936","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Quizartinib selectively inhibits class III receptor tyrosine kinases, including FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3/STK1), colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R/FMS), stem cell factor receptor (SCFR/KIT), and platelet derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs), resulting in inhibition of ligand-independent leukemic cell proliferation and apoptosis. Mutations in FLT3, resulting in constitutive activation, are the most frequent genetic alterations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and occur in approximately one-third of AML cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-N-(4-(3-Chloro-4-Fluoroanilino)-7-(((3S)-Oxolan-3-Yl)Oxy)Quinoxazolin-6-yl)-4-(Dimethylamino)but-2-Enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC-220","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC010220","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC220","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5-tert-butyl-isoxazol-3-yl)-N'-{4-[7-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)imidazo [2,1-b] [1,3] benzothiazol 2-yl]phenyl}urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QUIZARTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Quizartinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Quizartinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2980091"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"950769-58-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7LA4O6Q0D3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H32N6O4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"FLT-3_Kinase_Inhibitor_AC220"}]}}{"C78348":{"preferredName":"R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid","code":"C78348","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable solvate of the R-(-) enantiomer of gossypol and acetic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. As a BH3 mimetic, R-(-)-gossypol binds to the hydrophobic surface binding groove BH3 of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, blocking their heterodimerization with pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins such as Bad, Bid, and Bim; this may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Racemic gossypol is a polyphenolic compound isolated from cottonseed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(2,2'-Binaphthalene)-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-(R)-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)-, (2R)-, compd. with acetic acid (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOSSYPOL ACETIC ACID, (R)-","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831824"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"866541-93-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U9GNI6VT5N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594869"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594869"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H30O8.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"R-Gossypol_Acetic_Acid"}]}}{"C165436":{"preferredName":"RAD51 Inhibitor CYT-0851","code":"C165436","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the DNA damage repair protein RAD51, with potential antineoplastic and sensitizing activities. Upon oral administration, the RAD51 inhibitor CYT-0851 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of RAD51. This prevents RAD51-mediated DNA damage repair in susceptible tumor cells and induces tumor cell apoptosis. RAD51, the central protein involved in homologous repair (HR) of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), is overexpressed in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYT 0851","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYT-0851","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYT0851","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAD51 Inhibitor CYT-0851","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RAD51 Inhibitor CYT-0851","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799774"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799774"}]}}{"C2722":{"preferredName":"RAF Kinase Inhibitor L-779450","code":"C2722","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic triarylimidazole with potential antineoplastic activity. As a Raf kinase inhibitor, L-779450 competes with ATP for binding to the Raf-1 and A-Raf catalytic sites, thus inhibiting their enzymatic activities and blocking various signal transduction pathways that depend on Raf-1 kinase (particularly the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK cascade which is often up-regulated in neoplasms). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L-779,450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-779450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAF Kinase Inhibitor L-779450","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1517681"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"L-779450"}]}}{"C69135":{"preferredName":"RAF Kinase Inhibitor XL281","code":"C69135","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active, small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. XL281 specifically inhibits RAF kinases, located downstream from RAS in the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK kinase signaling pathway, which may result in reduced proliferation of tumor cells. RAS mutations may result in constitutive activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK kinase signaling pathway, and have been found to occur frequently in human tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RAF Kinase Inhibitor XL281","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RAF Kinase Inhibitor XL281","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL371855"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543515"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543515"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"RAF_Kinase_Inhibitor_XL281"}]}}{"C77899":{"preferredName":"RARalpha Agonist IRX5183","code":"C77899","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable retinoid acid receptor alpha (RARalpha) agonist and vitamin A derivative, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, RARalpha agonist IRX5183 binds to and activates RARalpha, which promotes RARalpha-mediated signaling. This results in the transcription of RARalpha-responsive genes, which are responsible for cellular differentiation and proliferation. This results in the induction of cellular differentiation and apoptosis, and leads to the inhibition of cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis. RARalpha is a nuclear receptor and a member of the steroid receptor superfamily; reduced RARalpha signaling is correlated with cancer development in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGN 195183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGN-195183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRX 5183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRX-5183","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IRX5183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NRX 195183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NRX195183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RARa Agonist IRX5183","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RARalpha Agonist IRX5183","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RARalpha Agonist IRX5183","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VTP 195183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VTP-195183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527761"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"367273-07-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RC87L028HU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596530"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596530"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Retinoid_Analogue_NRX_195183"}]}}{"C158093":{"preferredName":"RET Inhibitor DS-5010","code":"C158093","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of wild-type, fusion products and mutated forms, including gatekeeper mutations, of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DS-5010 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of RET. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumors cells that exhibit increased RET activity. RET overexpression, activating mutations, and fusions result in the upregulation and/or overactivation of RET tyrosine kinase activity in various cancer cell types; dysregulation of RET activity plays a key role in the development and progression of these cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BOS 172738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOS-172738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOS172738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS 5010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-5010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS5010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RET Inhibitor DS-5010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937686"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796992"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796992"}]}}{"C132295":{"preferredName":"Pralsetinib","code":"C132295","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of mutant forms of and fusion products involving the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase RET, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pralsetinib binds to and targets various RET mutants and RET-containing fusion product. RET gene mutations and translocations result in the upregulation and/or activation of RET tyrosine kinase activity in various cancer cell types; dysregulation of RET activity plays a key role in the development and regression of these cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(cis)-N-((S)-1-(6-(4-Fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)-1-methoxy-4-(4-methyl-6-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-ylamino)pyrimidin-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU-667","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU667","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRALSETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pralsetinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pralsetinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520212"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2097132-94-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1WPE73O1WV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787354"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787354"}]}}{"C61498":{"preferredName":"RFT5-dgA Immunotoxin IMTOX25","code":"C61498","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody linked to a toxic substance. It is being studied in the treatment of melanoma that has spread to distant parts of the body. IgG-RFT5-dgA is made in the laboratory. It can find and kill certain white blood cells that prevent the immune system from killing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant immunotoxin consisting of the anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody RFT5 fused to the deglycosylated ricin A-chain (dgA) with potential antitumor activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of RFT5-dgA immunotoxin attaches to CD25 (the alpha chain of the IL-2 receptor complex) on the cell membrane; after internalization, the dgA moiety cleaves the N-glycosidic bond between the ribose and adenine base at position 4324 in 28S ribosomal RNA, resulting in ribosome inactivation, inhibition of protein synthesis, and cell death. CD25 is expressed on activated normal T and B cells and macrophages and is frequently upregulated in many hematologic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD25 Immunotoxin IMTOX25","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMTOX25","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IgG-RFT5-dgA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IgG-RFT5-dgA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RFT5-dgA Immunotoxin IMTOX25","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RFT5-dgA Immunotoxin IMTOX25","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RFT5-dgA immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831838"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486413"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486413"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"RFT5-dgA_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C156737":{"preferredName":"RIPK1 Inhibitor GSK3145095","code":"C156737","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small-molecule inhibitor of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1; receptor-interacting protein 1; RIP1) with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon administration, GSK3145095 disrupts RIPK1-mediated signaling, which may reduce C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1)-driven recruitment and migration of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This allows effector cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), to kill and eliminate cancer cells. RIPK1, a serine-threonine kinase that normally plays a key role in inflammation and cell death in response to tissue damage and pathogen recognition, is overexpressed in certain cancer types and may be associated with oncogenesis and promotion of the immunosuppressive nature of the TME.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK 3145095","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-3145095","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK3145095","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIPK1 Inhibitor GSK3145095","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RIPK1 Inhibitor GSK3145095","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Receptor-interacting Serine/Threonine-protein Kinase 1 Inhibitor GSK3145095","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935900"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795835"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795835"}]}}{"C114976":{"preferredName":"RNR Inhibitor COH29","code":"C114976","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, aromatically substituted thiazole and inhibitor of the human ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the RNR inhibitor COH29 binds to the ligand-binding pocket of the RNR M2 subunit (hRRM2) near the C-terminal tail. This blocks the interaction between the hRRM1 and hRRM2 subunits and interferes with the assembly of the active hRRM1/hRRM2 complex of RNR. Inhibition of RNR activity decreases the pool of deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates available for DNA synthesis. The resulting decrease in DNA synthesis causes cell cycle arrest and growth inhibition. In addition, this agent may inhibit the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1, which prevents the repair of damaged DNA, and causes both the accumulation of single and double strand DNA breaks and the induction of apoptosis. RNR, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ribonucleoside diphosphate to deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate, is essential for de novo DNA synthesis and plays an important role in cell growth; it is overexpressed in many cancer cell types and is associated with increased drug resistance, cancer cell growth and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COH-29","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"COH-29","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COH29","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylthiazol-2-yl)-3,4-dihydroxybenzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RNR Inhibitor COH29","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RNR Inhibitor COH29","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribonucleotide Reductase Holoenzyme Inhibitor COH29","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896938"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"07802BU06S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759501"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759501"}]}}{"C131294":{"preferredName":"RORgamma Agonist LYC-55716","code":"C131294","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable agonist of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORg), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of RORg agonist LYC-55716, this agent selectively binds to the nuclear receptor transcription factor RORg, forming a receptor complex that translocates to the nucleus, and binds to ROR response elements (ROREs), enhancing the function, proliferation and survival of type 17 T-cells, including Th17 (helper T-cells) and Tc17 (cytotoxic T-cells). This may increase the expression of co-stimulatory molecules and decrease the expression of co-inhibitory molecules on T-cells leading to increased production of cytokines and chemokines by T-cells, decreased proliferation of regulatory T-cells (Tregs), and abrogation of tumor-induced immunosuppression. This ultimately induces a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells and leads to a reduction in tumor cell growth. RORg, the nuclear receptor transcription factor that is involved in Th17/Tc17 differentiation, plays a key role in immune activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYC-55716","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYC55716","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RORg Agonist LYC-55716","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RORgamma Agonist LYC-55716","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RORgamma Agonist LYC-55716","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514576"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786008"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786008"}]}}{"C81937":{"preferredName":"Rabusertib","code":"C81937","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the cell cycle checkpoint kinase 2 (chk2) with potential chemopotentiating activity. Rabusertib binds to and inhibits the activity of chk2, which may prevent the repair of DNA caused by DNA-damaging agents, thus potentiating the antitumor efficacies of various chemotherapeutic agents. Chk2, an ATP-dependent serine-threonine kinase, is a key component in the DNA replication-monitoring checkpoint system and is activated by double-stranded breaks (DSBs); activated chk2 is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-[5-bromo-4-methyl-2-S-(morpholin-2-yl-methoxy)-phenyl]-3-(5-methyl-pyrazin-2-yl)-urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Checkpoint Kinase 2 Inhibitor LY2603618","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2603618","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RABUSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rabusertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rabusertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825835"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"911222-45-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3S9L1NU6U7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637612"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637612"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H22BrN5O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CHK2_Inhibitor_LY2603618"}]}}{"C95024":{"preferredName":"Racotumomab","code":"C95024","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-idiotype murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) specific to P3 MoAb with anti-metastatic effect. Racotumomab binds to the idiotype region of P3 MoAb and functionally mimics the three-dimensional structure of N-glycolyl ceramides of mono-sialyl lactose, the antigenic target of P3. As a result, this anti-idiotype antibody may stimulate the host immune system to elicit humoral and cellular immune responses against tumor cells expressing NeuGc-GM3 gangliosides, which are expressed in a wide variety of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-P3 Antibody Idiotype Monoclonal Antibody 1E10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 1E10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RACOTUMOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Racotumomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986854"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946832-34-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"52G405U1E5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689646"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689646"}]}}{"C2462":{"preferredName":"Radioactive Iodine","code":"C2462","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive form of iodine, often used for imaging tests or to treat an overactive thyroid, thyroid cancer, and certain other cancers. For imaging tests, the patient takes a small dose of radioactive iodine that collects in thyroid cells and certain kinds of tumors and can be detected by a scanner. To treat thyroid cancer, the patient takes a large dose of radioactive iodine, which kills thyroid cells. Radioactive iodine is also used in internal radiation therapy for prostate cancer, intraocular (eye) melanoma, and carcinoid tumors. Radioactive iodine is given by mouth as a liquid or in capsules, by infusion, or sealed in seeds, which are placed in or near the tumor to kill cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Radioactive Iodine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radioactive Iodine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Radioactive Iodine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"radioactive iodine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1441129"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Radioactive_Iodine"}]}}{"C2729":{"preferredName":"Radiolabeled CC49","code":"C2729","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of a humanized monoclonal antibody with antitumor activity. The monoclonal antibody CC49 is developed from the murine monoclonal antibody B72.3 and is humanized by grafting the hypervariable regions onto the variable light (VL) and variable heavy (VH) frameworks of the monoclonal antibodies LEN and 21/28' CL. The resultant antibody binds the pancarcinoma tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72 with high affinity. Furthermore, the antibody is commonly radiolabeled resulting in an effective agent for use in radioimmunotherapy for treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Radiolabeled CC49","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514701"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Radiolabeled_CC49"}]}}{"C62535":{"preferredName":"Radium Ra 223 Dichloride","code":"C62535","definitions":[{"description":"A radiopharmaceutical composed of the dichloride salt of the alpha-emitting isotope radium Ra 223, with antineoplastic activity. Like calcium, radium targets bone tissue and preferentially accumulates in osteoblastic lesions, such as those seen in areas of bone metastases. Radium Ra 223 forms complexes with hydroxyapatite and becomes incorporated into the bone matrix. The radioisotope Ra 223 kills bone cancer cells through local emission of high energy alpha particles, causing DNA double-strand breaks and tumor regression in the skeleton. The short range effects of alpha emission allows for localized DNA damage with limited toxicity to nearby healthy bone tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alpharadin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 88-8223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY88-8223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RADIUM RA-223 DICHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Radium 223 Dichloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radium Ra 223 Dichloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Radium Ra 223 Dichloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radium-223 Dichloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xofigo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3651269"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"444811-40-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RJ00KV3VTG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749662"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749662"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2Cl.Ra"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Radium-223"}]}}{"C159537":{"preferredName":"Radium Ra 224-labeled Calcium Carbonate Microparticles","code":"C159537","definitions":[{"description":"A radiopharmaceutical composed of biodegradable calcium carbonate microspheres labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope radium Ra 224, with antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal (IP) administration of the radium Ra 224-labeled calcium carbonate microparticles, Ra 224 kills tumor cells through local emission of high energy alpha particles, causing DNA double-strand breaks. The short range effects of alpha emission allows for localized DNA damage with limited toxicity to nearby healthy tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"224Ra-labeled Calcium Carbonate Micro-particles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-emitting 224Ra Calcium Carbonate Microspheres","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ra-224 Alpha-emitting Calcium Carbonate Microparticles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radium Ra 224-labeled Calcium Carbonate Microparticles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radspherin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797476"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797476"}]}}{"C113297":{"preferredName":"Radix Angelicae Sinensis/Radix Astragali Herbal Supplement","code":"C113297","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine comprising of Radix Angelicae Sinensis (RAS) and Radix Astragali (RA), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunostimulatory, neuroprotective, anti-hepatotoxic and antineoplastic activities. The main chemical constituents of RAS include ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide, butylidenephthalide and various polysaccharides. RA is the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus with primary constituents such polysaccharides, triterpenoids as well as isoflavones. Though their mechanisms of action remain largely elusive, Radix Angelicae Sinensis/Radix Astragali herbal supplements are commonly used for the treatment of various health conditions affecting women including premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, recovery from childbirth and menopausal symptoms. These agents are also used for alleviating constipation, preventing and treating anemia and allergic attacks, and for the management of hypertension, joint pain and ulcers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DB1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Danggui Buxue Decoction No.1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radix Angelicae Sinensis/Radix Astragali Herbal Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471832"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756038"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756038"}]}}{"C99644":{"preferredName":"Radotinib Hydrochloride","code":"C99644","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, hydrochloride salt form of radotinib, a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor of Bcr-Abl fusion protein and the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, radotinib specifically inhibits the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, an abnormal enzyme expressed in Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. In addition, this agent also inhibits PDGFR thereby blocking PDGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways. The inhibitory effect of radotinib on these specific tyrosine kinases may decrease cellular proliferation and inhibit angiogenesis. This agent has shown potent efficacy in CML cells that are resistant to the first-generation standard tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib, nilotinib and dasatinib. PDGFR, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to cell migration and the development of the microvasculature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Methyl-N-(3-(4-methylimidazol-1-yl)-5-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-(4-(pyrazin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)benzamide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IY5511HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467958"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"723999"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"723999"}]}}{"C121646":{"preferredName":"Belvarafenib","code":"C121646","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of members of the Raf family of serine/threonine protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, belvarafenib binds to and inhibits the B-Raf mutant V600E and C-Raf. This inhibits B-Raf V600E- and C-Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth of susceptible tumor cells. In addition, belvarafenib may also inhibit mutated Ras proteins. Raf protein kinases play a key role in the Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, which is often dysregulated in human cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. The Raf mutation B-Raf V600E, where the valine at residue 600 is substituted for glutamic acid, is frequently overexpressed in a variety of human tumors and results in the constitutive activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BELVARAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Belvarafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM95573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053637"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1446113-23-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"31M3WLJ3KG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770820"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770820"}]}}{"C124654":{"preferredName":"Ralaniten Acetate","code":"C124654","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the acetate form of ralaniten, a N-terminal domain (NTD) of the androgen receptor (AR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of ralaniten acetate, ralaniten specifically binds to the NTD of AR, thereby inhibiting both AR activation and the AR-mediated signaling pathway. This inhibits cell growth in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in prostate cancers and is involved in proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Propanediol, 3-(4-(1-(4-((2S)-2-(acetyloxy)-3-chloropropoxy)phenyl)-1-methylethyl)phenoxy)-, 1,2-Diacetate, (2S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AR Inhibitor EPI-506","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPI-506","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RALANITEN ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ralaniten Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ralaniten Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502886"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1637573-04-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L10K286T2H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777367"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777367"}]}}{"C105853":{"preferredName":"Ralimetinib Mesylate","code":"C105853","definitions":[{"description":"The dimesylate salt form of LY2228820, a tri-substituted imidazole derivative and orally available, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ralimetinib inhibits the activity of p38, particularly the alpha and beta isoforms, thereby inhibiting MAPKAPK2 phosphorylation and preventing p38 MAPK-mediated signaling. This may inhibit the production of a variety of cytokines involved in inflammation, cellular proliferation and angiogenesis such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa), interleukin (IL)-1, -6 and -8, vascular endothelial growth factor, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha. Ultimately this induces apoptosis and reduces tumor cell proliferation. In addition, inhibition of the p38 MAPK pathway by LY2228820 increases the antineoplastic activity of certain chemotherapeutic agents. p38 MAPK, a serine/threonine protein kinase that is often upregulated in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3H-Imidazo(4,5-b)pyridin-2-amine, 5-(2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl)-3-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)-, Methanesulfonate (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2228820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2228820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2228820 Dimesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RALIMETINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ralimetinib Dimesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ralimetinib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ralimetinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3659483"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"862507-23-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QUW7B71FO9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687387"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687387"}]}}{"C1518":{"preferredName":"Raloxifene","code":"C1518","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women who are at high risk of the disease or who have osteoporosis. It is also used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It is also being studied in the prevention of breast cancer in certain premenopausal women and in the prevention and treatment of other conditions. Raloxifene blocks the effects of the hormone estrogen in the breast and increases the amount of calcium in bone. It is a type of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A selective benzothiophene estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Raloxifene binds to estrogen receptors (ER) as a mixed estrogen agonist/antagonist; it displays both an ER-alpha-selective partial agonist/antagonist effect and a pure ER-beta-selective antagonist effect. This agent functions as an estrogen agonist in some tissues (bones, lipid metabolism) and as an estrogen antagonist in others (endometrium and breasts), with the potential for producing some of estrogen's beneficial effects without producing its adverse effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Keoxifene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 139481","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RALOXIFENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Raloxifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Raloxifene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Raloxifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[6-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-benzo[b]thien-3-yl][4-[2-(1-piperidinyl)ethoxy]phenyl]methanone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"raloxifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0752233"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"84449-90-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; Cardiovascular Disease prophylaxis; Osteoporosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YX9162EO3I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43109"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43109"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H27NO4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Raloxifene"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8772"}]}}{"C1762":{"preferredName":"Raloxifene Hydrochloride","code":"C1762","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women who are at high risk of the disease or who have osteoporosis. It is also used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It is also being studied in the prevention of breast cancer in certain premenopausal women and in the prevention and treatment of other conditions. Evista blocks the effects of the hormone estrogen in the breast and increases the amount of calcium in bone. It is a type of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of raloxifene, a selective benzothiophene estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with lipid lowering effects and activity against osteoporosis. Raloxifene hydrochloride specifically binds to estrogen receptors in responsive tissue, including liver, bone, breast, and endometrium. The resulting ligand-receptor complex is translocated to the nucleus where, depending on the tissue type, it promotes or suppresses the transcription of estrogen-regulated genes, thereby exerting its agonistic or antagonistic effects. This agent functions as an estrogen agonist in lipid metabolism, thereby decreasing total and LDL cholesterol levels. In tissue like bone, it decreases bone resorption and bone turnover and increases bone mineral density. Raloxifene hydrochloride acts as an estrogen antagonist in uterine and breast tissue. This agent also exerts an anti-proliferative effect on estrogen-sensitive breast cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzo(b)thien-3-yl)(4-(2-(1-piperidinyl)ethoxy)phenyl)methanone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Evista","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Evista","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Evista","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Keoxifene Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-156758","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Optruma","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RALOXIFENE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Raloxifene HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Raloxifene Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Raloxifene Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Raloxifene hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Raloxifene.HCl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"raloxifene hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"706725"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0618111"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"82640-04-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer prevention"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4F86W47BR6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H27NO4S.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Raloxifene_Hydrochloride"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50740"}]}}{"C1804":{"preferredName":"Raltitrexed","code":"C1804","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that stops tumor cells from growing by blocking the ability of cells to make DNA. It belongs to the family of drugs called thymidylate synthase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A quinazoline folate analogue with antineoplastic activity. After transport into cells via the reduced folate carrier, raltitrexed undergoes intracellular polyglutamation and blocks the folate-binding site of thymidylate synthase, thereby inhibiting tetrahydrofolate activity and DNA replication and repair and resulting in cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D1694","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI D1694","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ICI D1694","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5-[N-(3,4-Dihydro-2-methyl-4-oxoquinazolin-6-ylmethyl)-N-methylamino]-2-thenoyl)-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[[5-[[(1,4-Dihydro-2-methyl-4-oxo-6-quinazolinyl)methyl]methylamino]-2-thienyl]carbonyl]-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RALTITREXED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Raltitrexed","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Raltitrexed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tomudex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD1694","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"raltitrexed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"639186"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677667"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"112887-68-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FCB9EGG971"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42625"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42625"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H22N4O6S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Raltitrexed"}]}}{"C70792":{"preferredName":"Ramucirumab","code":"C70792","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of breast cancer that has come back. It binds to receptors for a protein called vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This keeps VEGF from binding to the receptors and may stop the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent and a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) with antiangiogenesis activity. Ramucirumab specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFR-2, which may result in an inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. VEGFR-2 is a pro-angiogenic growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGFR-2 Fully Human Monoclonal Antibody IMC-1121B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyramza","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-1121B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IMC-1121B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3009806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HGS-ETR2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAMUCIRUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ramucirumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ramucirumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-VEGFR-2 fully human monoclonal antibody IMC-1121B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ramucirumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742502"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"947687-13-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC); advanced or metastatic, gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma; hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients who have an alpha fetoprotein (AFP) of >= 400 ng/mL"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D99YVK4L0X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570535"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570535"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-VEGFR-2_Fully_Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_IMC-1121B"}]}}{"C67562":{"preferredName":"Ranibizumab","code":"C67562","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation, recombinant humanized IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody fragment directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) alpha. Ranibizumab binds to VEGF alpha and inhibits VEGF alpha binding to its receptors, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, thereby preventing the growth and maintenance of tumor blood vessels. The molecular weight of this agent (48 kD) is much smaller than the molecular weight of bevacizumab (MW ~149 kD), allowing complete penetration of the retina and the subretinal space following intravitreal injection. In contrast to other anti-VEGF aptamers such as pegaptanib, ranibizumab has a high specificity and affinity for all soluble human isoforms of VEGF.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) Fab Fragment (Human-Mouse Monoclonal rhuFab V2 Gamma1 Chain), Disulfide With Human-Mouse Monoclonal rhuFab V2 Light Chain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lucentis","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RANIBIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ranibizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ranibizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1566537"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"347396-82-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZL1R02VT79"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544572"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544572"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ranibizumab"}]}}{"C1515":{"preferredName":"Ranimustine","code":"C1515","definitions":[{"description":"A chloroethylnitrosourea derivative that inhibits proliferation and growth of tumor cells by alkylation and cross-linkage of DNA strands of tumor cells. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cymer","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cymerin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RANIMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ranimustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ranomustine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-D-glucopyranoside, methyl 6-((((2-chloroethyl)nitrosoamino)carbonyl)amino)-6-deoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"methyl 6-((((2-chloroethyl)nitrosoamino)carbonyl) amino)-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"methyl 6-(3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoiureido)-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"methyl 6-(3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido)-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"270516"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0243666"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58994-96-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RYH2T97J77"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"470235"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"470235"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H18ClN3O7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ranimustine"}]}}{"C66507":{"preferredName":"Ranolazine","code":"C66507","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, piperazine derivative with anti-anginal and potential antineoplastic activities. Ranolazine's mechanism of action for its anti-ischemic effects has yet to be fully elucidated but may involve the alteration of the trans-cellular late sodium current in the ischemic myocyte. By preventing the rise of intracellular sodium levels, ranolazine may affect the transport activity of sodium-dependent calcium channels and prevent the calcium overload during myocardial ischemia, thereby preventing cellular injury. Ranolazine's potential antineoplastic effect may depend on its inhibitory effect on fatty acid oxidation, which may sensitize tumor cells to apoptosis and decrease tumor cell proliferation; fatty acid oxidation provides energy and promotes tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Piperazineacetamide, N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4-(2-hydroxy- 3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RANOLAZINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ranexa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ranolazine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ranolazine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073633"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"95635-55-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A6IEZ5M406"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753754"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753754"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H33N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ranolazine"}]}}{"C1183":{"preferredName":"Ranpirnase","code":"C1183","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of ribonuclease enzyme.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural homologue of ribonuclease A isolated from the eggs of the frog Rana pipiens. Ranpirnase primarily degrades cellular transfer RNA with a substrate specificity for uridine-guanidine base-pair sequences, resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis and cytotoxicity. This agent also activates caspase-9 in mitochondria, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Onconase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Onconase","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-30 Protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"P-30 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-30 protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"P30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P30 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RANPIRNASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RANPIRNASE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ranpirnase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0069919"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"196488-72-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Mesothelioma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZE15FIT23E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41305"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41305"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ranpirnase"}]}}{"C1902":{"preferredName":"Ras Inhibitor","code":"C1902","definitions":[{"description":"An agent designed to inhibit the signal transduction process by interfering with the action of the ras protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ras Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Examples include carboxyaminoimidazole (CAI), Iovastatin, limonene, and perillyl alcohol."},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514727"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ras_Inhibitor"}]}}{"C2802":{"preferredName":"Ras Peptide ASP","code":"C2802","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic form of the ras peptide containing a point mutation at position 12 (glycine to aspartic acid) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with ras peptide Asp may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for this ras mutation, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ras Peptide ASP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"667938"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514728"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ras_Peptide_ASP"}]}}{"C2803":{"preferredName":"Ras Peptide CYS","code":"C2803","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic form of the Ras peptide containing a point mutation at position 12 (glycine to cysteine) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with this peptide may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for this Ras mutation, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ras (sub 5-17) Peptide (C12)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ras Peptide CYS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"667937"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514729"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ras_Peptide_CYS"}]}}{"C2804":{"preferredName":"Ras Peptide VAL","code":"C2804","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic form of the Ras peptide containing a point mutation at position 12 (glycine to valine) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with this peptide may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for this Ras mutation, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ras Peptide VAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"665824"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514730"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ras_Peptide_VAL"}]}}{"C801":{"preferredName":"Razoxane","code":"C801","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable bis-dioxopiperazine and a derivative of the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) with antineoplastic, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic activities. Razoxane specifically inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase II without inducing DNA strand breaks, which may result in the inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell division in the premitotic and early mitotic phases of the cell cycle. This agent may also exhibit antiangiogenic and antimetastatic activities although the precise molecular mechanisms of these actions are unknown.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ICI 59118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICRF 159","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ICRF 159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICRF-159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICRF159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAZOXANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Razoxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Razoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Razoxin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"129943"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034738"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"21416-87-5"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"21416-67-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5AR83PR647"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39480"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39480"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H16N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Razoxane"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50225"}]}}{"C117289":{"preferredName":"Realgar-Indigo naturalis Formulation","code":"C117289","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based formulation composed of Realgar-Indigo naturalis formula (RIF) with potential antineoplastic activity. The main constituents in RIF are realgar, Indigo naturalis, and Salvia miltiorrhiza, with tetraarsenic tetrasulfide (As4S4), indirubin and tanshinone IIA as the main active ingredients, respectively, which appear to exert synergistic effects on cancer cells. Tetraarsenic tetrasulfide specifically induces the ubiquitination and degradation of promyelocytic leukemia retinoic acid receptor alpha (PML-RARalpha) oncoprotein. In addition, the active ingredients in the Realgar-Indigo naturalis formulation enhance the expression of myeloid differentiation genes, and induce G(1)/G(0) cell cycle arrest. PML-RARalpha, an acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)-specific fusion gene, inhibits differentiation and promotes survival of myeloid precursor cells","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RIF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIF Formula","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Realgar-Indigo naturalis Formulation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474115"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763399"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763399"}]}}{"C82693":{"preferredName":"Rebastinib Tosylate","code":"C82693","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate salt of rebastinib, an orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of multiple tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Rebastinib binds to and inhibits the Bcr-Abl fusion oncoprotein by changing the conformation of the folded protein to disallow ligand-dependent and ligand-independent activation; in addition, this agent binds to and inhibits Src family kinases LYN, HCK and FGR and the receptor tyrosine kinases TIE-2 and VEGFR-2. Rebastinib may exhibit more potent activity against T315I Bcr-Abl gatekeeper mutant kinases than other Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors. The TIE-2 and VEGFR-2 receptor tyrosine kinases regulate angiogenesis, respectively, while the Src family kinases Abl, LYN, and HCK Src regulate a variety of cellular responses including differentiation, division, adhesion, and the stress response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DCC-2036","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DP-1919.TO","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REBASTINIB TOSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rebastinib Tosylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rebastinib Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830217"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1033893-29-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"042A5NJE6B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"634547"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"634547"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H28FN7O3.C7H8O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Multitargeted_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_DCC-2036"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:62166"}]}}{"C1213":{"preferredName":"Rebeccamycin","code":"C1213","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antineoplastic antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An indolocarbazole glycoside antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Saccharothrix aerocolonigenes. Rebeccamycin intercalates into DNA and stabilizes the DNA-topoisomerase I complex, thereby interfering with the topoisomerase I-catalyzed DNA breakage-reunion reaction and initiating DNA cleavage and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5H-Indolo[2, 3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazole-5,7(6H)-dione, 1,11-dichloro-12, 13-dihydro-12-(4-O-methyl-.beta.-D-glucopyranosyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5H-indolo(2,3-a)pyrrolo(3,4-c)carbazole-5,7(6H)-dione,1,11-dichloro-12,13-dihydro-12-(4-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRN 4732638","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rebeccamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Rebeccamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rebeccamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"359079"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073012"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"93908-02-2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Rebeccamycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:135511"}]}}{"C1875":{"preferredName":"Rebimastat","code":"C1875","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (MMPIs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sulfhydryl-based second-generation matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Rebimastat selectively inhibits several MMPs (MMP 1, 2, 8, 9, and 14), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-275291","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"BMS-275291","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BMS-275291","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D2163","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-((2S)-2-Mercapto-1-oxo-4-(3,4,4-trimethyl-2,5-dioxo-1-imidazolidinyl)butyl)-L-leucyl-N,3-dimethyl-L-valinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REBIMASTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rebimastat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rebimastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"713763"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935902"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"259188-38-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1B47R6ZX4K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38088"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38088"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H41N5O5S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BMS-275291"}]}}{"C71710":{"preferredName":"Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor R1530","code":"C71710","definitions":[{"description":"A pyrazolobenzodiazepine small molecule with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Mitosis-angiogenesis inhibitor (MAI) R1530 inhibits multiple receptor tyrosine kinases involved in angiogenesis, such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-1, -2, -3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) beta, FMS-like tyrosine kinase (Flt)-3, and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) -1, -2. In addition, this agents exhibits anti-proliferative activity by initiating mitotic arrest and inducing apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAI R1530","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R1530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor R1530","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor R1530","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376137"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560180"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560180"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mitosis_and_Apoptosis_Inhibitor_R1530"}]}}{"C2423":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Adenovirus-p53 SCH-58500","code":"C2423","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that has been studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. rAd/p53 is a weakened adenovirus that carries the p53 gene into tumor cells, causing them to die. It is a type of gene therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A genetically-engineered adenovirus that contains the gene that encodes the human tumor-suppressor protein p53 with potential antineoplastic activity. Recombinant adenovirus-p53 SCH-58500 delivers p53 into tumor cells, which may result in p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACN53","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Recombinant Adenovirus-p53 SCH-58500","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 58500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH-58500","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SCH-58500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rAd/p53","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rAd/p53","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"recombinant adenovirus-p53","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514767"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Primary ovarian cancer"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42631"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42631"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_Adenovirus-p53"}]}}{"C116880":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Anti-WT1 Immunotherapeutic GSK2302024A","code":"C116880","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic composed of the Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) and an as of yet undisclosed adjuvant, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the immune system may be stimulated to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1-expressing tumor cells. The adjuvant stimulates the immune system's response to WT1. WT1, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and transcription factor, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASCI GSK2302024A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2302024A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Anti-WT1 Immunotherapeutic GSK2302024A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Anti-WT1 Immunotherapeutic GSK2302024A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433728"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687580"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687580"}]}}{"C60882":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Bispecific Single-Chain Antibody rM28","code":"C60882","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, bispecific, single-chain antibody directed against both the T-cell surface-associated costimulatory molecule CD28 and a melanoma-associated proteoglycan (MAPG) with potential antitumor activity. By targeting both CD28 and MAPG, recombinant bispecific single-chain antibody rM28 enhances cytotoxic T-cell recognition of melanoma cells, which may result in immune effector cell-mediated tumor cell death and a decrease in distant metastases. This agent appears to have a long serum half-life secondary to the formation of dimers. When activated, CD28 facilitates interactions between T-cells and other immune effector cells resulting in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses; MAPG is a surface antigen expressed on the majority of melanomas, including primary cutaneous, ocular, and metastatic melanomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant Bispecific Single-Chain Antibody rM28","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rM28","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831730"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467183"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467183"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_Bispecific_Single-Chain_Antibody_rM28"}]}}{"C1437":{"preferredName":"Recombinant CD40-Ligand","code":"C1437","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to CD40-ligand. CD40-ligand, also known as CD40L/TRAP and CD154, is a type II membrane protein which binds to CD40, a cell surface receptor that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor family; CD40 is expressed on B lymphocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells (DC), hematopoietic progenitors, endothelial cells and epithelial cells. Recombinant CD40-ligand may be used to activate DC ex vivo via CD40 binding; CD40-ligand-activated DC may provide or augment a protective antitumor immunity when administered in dendritic cell cancer vaccines. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD154 antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD40L","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant CD40-Ligand","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-BAM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Antigen gp39","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNF-Related Activation Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAP Ligand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gp39","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhu CD40L","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"696600"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527003"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"147205-72-9"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43639"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43639"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_CD40-Ligand"}]}}{"C477":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Erythropoietin","code":"C477","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous glycoprotein erythropoietin (Epo). Epo promotes the differentiation and maturation of hematopoietic progenitors into erythrocytes; is a mitogen and a chemoattractant for endothelial cells; stimulates activated and differentiated B-cells and enhances B-cell immunoglobulin production and proliferation; and is hypoxia-inducible. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERYTHROPOIETIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Erythrocyte Colony Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erythropoietin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant EPO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Erythropoietin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"628281"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0376541"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"11096-26-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"64FS3BFH5W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_Erythropoietin"}]}}{"C1538":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Fas Ligand","code":"C1538","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant agent, which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous protein Fas ligand, a protein related to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Fas ligand binds to the Fas receptor, thereby activating caspases and inducing apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FAS-Ligand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fas Ligand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fas-L","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Fas Ligand","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515370"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Fas_Ligand"}]}}{"C2257":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Fractalkine","code":"C2257","definitions":[{"description":"A pro-inflammatory delta chemokine with potential antineoplastic activity. Fractalkine induces the adhesion and migration of T lymphocytes, monocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. In lymphomas, this agent may promote cell-mediated lympholysis by recruiting activated NK cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CX3CL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fractalkine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurotactin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Fractalkine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522507"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Fractalkine"}]}}{"C1288":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor","code":"C1288","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous glycoprotein cytokine growth factor granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Therapeutic GM-CSF induces the clonal expansion and differentiation of progenitor blood cells and stimulates the cytotoxicity of monocytes and neutrophils, thereby restoring immune function and host antitumor immune responses and stimulating engraftment of transplanted bone marrow tissue. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CSF 39300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF 39300/GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF-GM (Hoechst)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colony-Stimulating Factor, Granulocyte-Macrophage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GM CSF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GM-CSF (Schering)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Molgramostin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinanr Colony-Stimulating Factor 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Colony-Stimulating Factor 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"622183"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"643496"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"613795"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"617589"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0376563"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83869-56-1"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Granulocyte-Macrophage_Colony-Stimulating_Factor"}]}}{"C1792":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human 6Ckine","code":"C1792","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic recombinant analogue of a member of the endogenous CC chemokines with potential antineoplastic activity. Expressed by various lymphoid tissues, endogenous 6Ckine is chemotactic for B and T lymphocytes and dendritic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6ckine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCL21","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exodus-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human 6Ckine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Secondary Lymphoid-Tissue Chemokine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secondary Lymphoid-Tissue Chemokine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCA4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ck beta 9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1523979"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459900"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459900"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Secondary_Lymphoid-Tissue_Chemokine"}]}}{"C107504":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Adenovirus Type 5 H101","code":"C107504","definitions":[{"description":"A replication selective, recombinant, E1B and partial E3 gene deleted form of human adenovirus type 5, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral injection of recombinant human adenovirus type 5, the adenovirus selectively replicates in cancer cells while preventing viral replication in normal, healthy cells. This induces a selective adenovirus-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells, which leads to cancer cell lysis. In addition, viral spread to adjacent cells, following lysis of infected cells, may activate the immune system to kill the infected tumor cells. The E1B protein causes p53 inactivation, which promotes viral replication; deletion of E1B allows for p53 activation in normal cells, which prevents viral replication in normal, healthy cells. The mutation and subsequent inactivation of p53 in cancer cells enables the E1B-deleted adenovirus to selectively replicate in cancer cells. Partial deletion of E3, encoding the adenovirus death protein, enhances the safety profile of the administered adenovirus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncorine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Adenovirus Type 5 H101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rAd5 H101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL451750"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751381"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751381"}]}}{"C85447":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 APN01","code":"C85447","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, soluble glycosylated form of human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (rhACE2) with antihypertensive and potential antineoplastic activities. Recombinant human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 APN01 may normalize ACE2 levels, cleaving angiotensin II to create angiotensin-(1-7) and restoring the function of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). ACE2, a homolog of ACE1, appears to function as a negative regulator of the RAS system by converting angiotensin II to angiotensin-(1-7), a peptide with actions that counteract the cardiovascular actions of angiotensin II. In addition, angiotensin-(1-7) may inhibit cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and the production of proinflammatory prostaglandins and may activate the angiotensin-(1-7) G protein-coupled receptor Mas, resulting in diminished tumor cell proliferation. ACE2 levels may be reduced in malignancy and diabetes and in liver, cardiovascular and lung diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APN01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 APN01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhACE2 APN01","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412316"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642531"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642531"}]}}{"C116864":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Apolipoprotein(a) Kringle V MG1102","code":"C116864","definitions":[{"description":"An 86 amino-acid long polypeptide fragment of a recombinant form of human apolipoprotein (a) (apo(a)) kringle V, with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration, recombinant human apo(a) kringle V MG1102 inhibits the fibronectin-mediated migration of endothelial cells, binds to and blocks the activity of alpha 3 beta 1 integrin (a3b1 integrin), inhibits the activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and FAK-mediated signaling, and leads to the inhibition of the p130 Crk-associated substrate (p130CAS)-c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. This inhibits tumor angiogenesis, induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells and tumor-associated endothelial cells, and suppresses tumor growth and metastasis. Apo(a), a glycoprotein component of human lipoprotein(a), contains repeated kringle domains; certain kringle domains of apo(a), including the plasminogen kringle V homolog (KV), have anti-angiogenic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MG1102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Apo (a) Kringle V MG1102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Apolipoprotein(a) Kringle V MG1102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Apolipoprotein(a) Kringle V MG1102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433737"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688419"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688419"}]}}{"C70674":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human EGF-rP64K/Montanide ISA 51 Vaccine","code":"C70674","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine preparation, containing recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rEGF) linked to the Neisseria meningitidis-derived recombinant immunogenic carrier protein P64k (rP64k) and mixed with the immunoadjuvant Montanide ISA 51, with potential active immunotherapy activity. Recombinant human EGF-rP64K/Montanide ISA 51 vaccine may trigger a humoral immune response against vaccine rEGF and rP64K and, so, against endogenous EGF. Antibody-mediated inhibition of endogenous EGF binding to its receptor, epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CIMAvax EGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CIMAvax Epidermal Growth Factor Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CIMAvax-EGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Center of Molecular Immunology (CIMA) Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Center of Molecular Immunology Epidermal Growth Factor Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CimaVax","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CimaVax Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human EGF-P64K/Montanide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human EGF-rP64K/Montanide ISA 51 Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human EGF-rP64K/Montanide ISA 51 Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376048"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570107"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570107"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_Human_EGF-rP64K_Montanide_ISA_51_Vaccine"}]}}{"C45515":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Endostatin","code":"C45515","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Endostatin is made from a type of collagen (a protein found in cartilage and other connective tissue). It may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. Endostatin is a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant human proteolytic fragment of the C-terminal end of type XVIII collagen. Endostatin induces microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis and inhibits endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis, which may result in a reduction in tumor burden. This agent also may decrease hepatic metastasis by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-dependent cell attachment to the hepatic microvasculature. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endostar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endostatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Endostatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Endostatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Endostatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"endostatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rhEndostatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1705207"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459758"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459758"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_Endostatin"}]}}{"C103830":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Hsp110-gp100 Chaperone Complex Vaccine","code":"C103830","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant chaperone-peptide complex-based vaccine composed of a complex between heat shock protein hsp110 and the human melanoma-associated antigen gp100, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, recombinant hsp110-gp100 chaperone complex activates the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T cell immune response and antigen-specific interferon-gamma production against gp100-overexpressing cancer cells. Gp100, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types. Hsp110, binds to and chaperones full-length proteins during heat shock; as an immunoadjuvant it is able to enhance an immune response against antigen(s) and stimulate T-lymphocyte activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant Human Hsp110-gp100 Chaperone Complex Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Hsp110-gp100 Chaperone Complex Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438310"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742760"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742760"}]}}{"C48395":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Bivalent Vaccine","code":"C48395","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine used to prevent cervical cancer caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV) types 16 and 18. It is also used to prevent lesions that are caused by these viruses and that can lead to cervical, vulvar, or vaginal cancer. Cervarix is used in females aged 10-25 years. It is also being studied in the treatment of other medical conditions. It is a type of bivalent vaccine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant, bivalent, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, containing virus-like particles for HPV types 16 and 18 linked to the adjuvant ASO4, with potential immunoprotective and antineoplastic properties. Upon administration, HPV 16/18 L1 virus-like particle/ASO4 vaccine may generate humoral and cellular immunity against HPV types-16 and -18 antigens, thereby preventing cervical infection upon exposure to HPV types 16 and 18. In addition, this agent may stimulate an antitumoral cellular immune response against cervical cancer associated with HPV infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervarix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cervarix","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-580299","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HPV 16/18 L1 VLP/AS04 VAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HPV-16/18 VLP/AS04 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus 16/18 L1 Virus-Like Particle/AS04 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Bivalent Types 16 and 18 Vaccine, Recombinant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Vaccine L1 16,18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Vaccine, L1 Type 16, 18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant HPV Bivalent Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Bivalent Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Bivalent Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"human papillomavirus 16/18 L1 virus-like particle/AS04 vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1721789"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"442270"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"442270"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Human_Papillomavirus_16_18_L1_Virus-Like_Particle_AS04_Vaccine"}]}}{"C119664":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Nonavalent Vaccine","code":"C119664","definitions":[{"description":"A non-infectious, recombinant, nonavalent vaccine prepared from highly purified virus-like particles (VLPs) comprised of the major capsid (L1) proteins from human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58, with active immunizing activity. Upon administration, the recombinant HPV nonavalent vaccine activates the immune system to produce antibodies against the 9 HPV types. This protects against HPV infection and HPV-related cancers. Altogether, HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58 account for the majority of the HPV types that cause cervical, vulvar, vaginal and anal cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gardasil 9","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonavalent HPV VLP Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant HPV Nonavalent Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus 9-valent Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Nonavalent Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Nonavalent Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3864947"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767261"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767261"}]}}{"C162524":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Plasminogen Kringle 5 Domain ABT 828","code":"C162524","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human plasminogen kringle 5 domain with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, recombinant human plasminogen kringle 5 domain ABT 828 may promote caspase activity and apoptosis in proliferating endothelial cells, thereby inhibiting migration. Kringle 5 (K5), an internal proteolytic fragment of plasminogen specifically inhibits endothelial cell growth via its interaction with endothelial cell surface ATP synthase, which sequentially triggers the activation of caspases -8, -9, and -3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT 828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Plasminogen Kringle 5 Domain ABT 828","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhK5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[]}}{"C584":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon","code":"C584","definitions":[{"description":"One of a group of recombinant therapeutic glycoprotein cytokines with antiviral, anti-proliferative, and immunomodulating activities. Interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes with interferon-specific response elements (ISREs). The resultant proteins mediate many complex effects, ultimately leading to inhibition of viral protein synthesis and cellular growth, alteration of cellular differentiation, interference with oncogene expression, activation of natural killer cells, alteration of cell surface antigen expression, and augmentation of lymphocyte and macrophage cytotoxicity. The production of endogenous interferons is induced in response to foreign agents such as bacteria, viruses and parasites and to tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Leukocyte Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Lymphoblastoid Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human lymphoblastoid interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"IFN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferons","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Interferons","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"339140"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522537"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9008-1-11"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40863"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interferon"}]}}{"C225":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa","code":"C225","definitions":[{"description":"A class of naturally-isolated or recombinant therapeutic peptides used as antiviral and anti-tumor agents. Alpha interferons are cytokines produced by nucleated cells (predominantly natural killer (NK) leukocytes) upon exposure to live or inactivated virus, double-stranded RNA or bacterial products. These agents bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes containing an interferon-specific response element. The proteins so produced mediate many complex effects, including antiviral effects (viral protein synthesis); antiproliferative effects (cellular growth inhibition and alteration of cellular differentiation); anticancer effects (interference with oncogene expression); and immune-modulating effects (natural killer cell activation, alteration of cell surface antigen expression, and augmentation of lymphocyte and macrophage cytotoxicity). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alferon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukocyte Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoblast Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoblastoid Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1622507"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"See specific agents."},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40467"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40467"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interferon_Alfa"}]}}{"C53411":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-1b","code":"C53411","definitions":[{"description":"The non-glycosylated recombinant interferon alpha, subtype 1b, with immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Alpha interferon-1b binds to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IFN-alfa-1b","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON ALFA-1B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa-1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-1b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alpha-1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831728"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G7407IV2FS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"466520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"466520"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Interferon_Alfa-1b"}]}}{"C1952":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2a","code":"C1952","definitions":[{"description":"A non-glycosylated recombinant human alpha interferon, subtype 2a, produced in the bacterium E. coli. Interferon alpha-2a binds to its specific cell-surface receptor, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products have antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune modulating effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alpha 2 Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN alpha-2A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN-Alpha 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON ALFA-2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon alfa 2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laroferon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2a","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alpha-2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Roceron-A","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Roferon A","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Roferon-A","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rHuIFN-a 2a","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"367982"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021734"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"76543-88-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic phase Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia; hairy cell leukemia; chronic hepatitis C; AIDs-related Kaposis sarcoma; bladder; ovarian; cervical cancer; non-Hodgkins lymphoma; renal cell carcinoma; melanoma."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"47RRR83SK7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467189"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467189"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Interferon_Alpha-2a"}]}}{"C1953":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2b","code":"C1953","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat some infections caused by viruses and several types of cancer. These include hairy cell leukemia, melanoma, and follicular lymphoma. It is a form of interferon alfa (a substance normally made by cells of the immune system) that is made in the laboratory. It is a type of biological response modifier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-glycosylated recombinant interferon with antiviral and antineoplastic activities. Alfa interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alfatronol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucoferon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heberon Alfa","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN alpha-2B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IFN alpha-2B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON ALFA-2B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa-2B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon Alpha-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon alfa 2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intron A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Intron A","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2b","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sch 30500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urifron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Viraferon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Viraferon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"interferon alfa-2b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"recombinant interferon alfa-2b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"377523"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021735"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"99210-65-8"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"98530-12-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"43K1W2T1M6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462279"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462279"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_Interferon_Alfa-2b"}]}}{"C97503":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon Alpha 2b-like Protein","code":"C97503","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary recombinant protein highly resembling human interferon alpha 2b (IFN-a2b), with potential anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antiviral activities. Upon injection, recombinant IFN alpha 2b-like protein binds to specific IFN alpha cell surface receptors. This activates interferon-mediated signal transduction pathways and induces the transcription and translation of genes with interferon-specific response elements (ISREs). This may activate the immune system, including the activation of natural killer cells (NKs) and may result in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, metastasis and an induction of apoptosis. Compared to human IFN-a2b (HuINF-a2b), this agent exhibits enhanced antiviral and antiproliferative activities. In addition, this agent exhibits antiviral activity against a variety of viruses, including hepatitis B and C viruses, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Avian Influenza.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Novaferon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant IFN Alfa-2b-like Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alpha 2b-like Protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273451"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703323"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703323"}]}}{"C495":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon Beta","code":"C495","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant protein which is chemically identical to or similar to endogenous interferon beta with antiviral and anti-tumor activities. Endogenous interferons beta are cytokines produced by nucleated cells (predominantly natural killer cells) upon exposure to live or inactivated virus, double-stranded RNA or bacterial products. These agents bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes with an interferon-specific response element. The proteins so produced mediate many complex effects, including antiviral (the most important being inhibition of viral protein synthesis), antiproliferative and immune modulating effects. The recombinant therapeutic forms of interferon beta are interferon beta 1-a and interferon beta 1-b. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Beta Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Betantrone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Feron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Interferon Beta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon Beta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon, Beta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon-B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon-beta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Naferon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Beta","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Beta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"658933"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"373361"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015980"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"77238-31-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multiple sclerosis"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40468"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40468"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interferon_Beta"}]}}{"C583":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon Gamma","code":"C583","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous lymphokine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) with antineoplastic, immunoregulatory, and antiviral activities. Therapeutic IFN-gamma binds to and activates the cell-surface IFN-gamma receptor, stimulating antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and enhances natural killer cell attachment to tumor cells. This agent also activates caspases, thereby inducing apoptosis in malignant cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gamma Interferon (GEN)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma Interferon-SCH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma-Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ginterferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN-g","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON-.GAMMA.","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon Gamma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Interferon Gamma (BIO)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon, Gamma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Gamma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Gamma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"635256"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"600662"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0813623"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"82115-62-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic granulomatous disease; Osteopetrosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P050J5FWC5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40469"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40469"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interferon_Gamma"}]}}{"C1380":{"preferredName":"Edodekin alfa","code":"C1380","definitions":[{"description":"One of a group of related proteins made by leukocytes (white blood cells) and other cells in the body. Interleukin-12 is made mainly by B lymphocytes and macrophages. It causes other immune cells to make cytokines and increases the growth of T lymphocytes. It may also block the growth of new blood vessels. Interleukin-12 made in the laboratory is used as a biological response modifier to boost the immune system in cancer therapy. Interleukin-12 is a type of cytokine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant form of the endogenous heterodimeric cytokine interleukin-12 with potential antineoplastic activity. Edodekin alfa binds to and activates its cell-surface receptor, stimulating the production of interferon-gamma (IFN) which, in turn, induces IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and so inhibits tumor angiogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Maturation Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDODEKIN ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Edodekin alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Edodekin alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IL-12","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin 12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Interleukin-12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"NM-IL-12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Natural Killer Cell Stimulatory Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant human interleukin-12 (IL-12) cytokine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 24-7472","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"interleukin-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"672423"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1524115"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"187348-17-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"31Z82G8ME1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42153"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interleukin-12"}]}}{"C1489":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interleukin-13","code":"C1489","definitions":[{"description":"The recombinant analogue of an endogenous cytokine interleukin 13 with potential antineoplastic activity. Produced by lymphocytes and exhibiting a variety of functions, interleukin-13 (therapeutic) inhibits DNA synthesis and regulates inflammatory and immune responses. In animal models, this agent has been shown to kill tumor cells both directly and indirectly by activating the host immune system at the tumor site. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL-13","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin 13","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interleukin-13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522557"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"148157-34-0"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interleukin-13"}]}}{"C587":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interleukin-2","code":"C587","definitions":[{"description":"One of a group of related proteins made by leukocytes (white blood cells) and other cells in the body. Interleukin-2 is made by a type of T lymphocyte. It increases the growth and activity of other T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, and affects the development of the immune system. Aldesleukin (interleukin-2 made in the laboratory) is being used as a biological response modifier to boost the immune system in cancer therapy. Interleukin-2 is a type of cytokine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any recombinant analog of endogenous interleukin-2 (IL-2), a cytokine involved in intercellular communication related to cell differentiation, proliferation, inflammation, hematopoiesis, neuronal functions, and release of hormones. IL-2 binds to and activates specific receptors, triggering expression of specific genes, and may induce T cell-mediated tumor regression in some tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IL-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Mitogenic Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitogenic Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interleukin-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ro-236019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Growth Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymocyte Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"373364"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0919268"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Colorectal cancer; metastatic melanoma; metastatic renal cell carcinoma; Non-Hodgkins lymphoma"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interleukin-2"}]}}{"C591":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interleukin-6","code":"C591","definitions":[{"description":"One of a group of related proteins made by leukocytes (white blood cells) and other cells in the body. Interleukin-6 is made mainly by some T lymphocytes. It causes B lymphocytes to make more antibodies and also causes fever by affecting areas of the brain that control body temperature. Interleukin-6 made in the laboratory is used as a biological response modifier to boost the immune system in cancer therapy. Interleukin-6 is a type of cytokine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) with antiapoptotic, proinflammatory, antiinflammatory, proproliferative and proangiogenic activities. IL-6 binds to its receptor (IL-6R), activating a receptor-CD130 receptor complex; the CD130 portion of the complex is a signal transduction protein that activates JAK kinases and Ras-mediated signaling pathways, which in turn activate downstream signaling pathways, resulting in the activation of various transcription factors (STAT, ELK-1, NF-IL-6, etc.) and gene transcription. The physiological effects of IL-6 are complex and varied and include hematopoietic, pyrogenic and thermogenic, proinflammatory, antiinflammatory, proproliferative (anti-apoptotic), and angiogenic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Cell Differentiation Factor 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Stimulatory Factor-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatocyte Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hybridoma Growth Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN Beta 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IL-6","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Myeloid Differentiation Inducing Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmacytoma Growth Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interleukin-6","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interleukin-6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sigosix","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527132"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41474"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41474"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interleukin-6"}]}}{"C28721":{"preferredName":"Recombinant KSA Glycoprotein CO17-1A","code":"C28721","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant counterpart of tumor-associated KSA antigen (Ep-CAM), a type-I transmembrane glycoprotein cellular adhesion molecule with a molecular mass of 40 kDa, overexpressed on the majority of tumor cells of most human epithelia in a of variety of tumor tissues such as stomach, colon, pancreas, gall bladder, bile duct, mammary gland, breast, and lung carcinoma. It has been suggested to be involved in the differentiation, growth, and organization of epithelial cells within tissues under normal physiological conditions. The antigen has been used as a target for diagnosis and for passive and active immunotherapy of colorectal cancer. Immunization with KSA Glycoprotein elicits both humoral and Th1-associated cellular immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CO17-1A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ep-CAM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GA733","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSA Glycoprotein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant KSA Glycoprotein CO17-1A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527244"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43440"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43440"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_KSA_Glycoprotein"}]}}{"C2413":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Leukocyte Interleukin","code":"C2413","definitions":[{"description":"A cocktail preparation of synthetic interleukin (IL) -1, IL-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon gamma and other cytokines that are chemically identical to or similar to signaling molecules secreted by leukocyte cells. Leukocyte interleukins are essential in many immune responses, such as antibodies production, modulating secretion of other cytokines, and activation of bone marrow stem cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BC-IL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buffy Coat Interleukin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukocyte Interleukin, Inj.","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multikine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Leukocyte Interleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0392999"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"neoadjuvant therapy for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42580"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42580"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Leukocyte_Interleukin"}]}}{"C1143":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Leukoregulin","code":"C1143","definitions":[{"description":"A formulated therapeutic analog of the endogenous lymphokine leukoregulin with potential antineoplastic activity. Leukoregulin displays direct and indirect cytotoxicity through tumor cell lysis and enhancing tumor cell susceptibility to natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. This agent enhances membrane permeability and decreases p-glycoprotein expression, thereby promoting cytotoxic drug uptake into tumor cells. Leukoregulin also induces the synthesis of collagenase and hyaluronan, expression and secretion of interleukin-8, and upregulates stromelysin-1 gene expression in human fibroblasts, thereby regulating extracellular matrix degradation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant Leukoregulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515385"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Leukoregulin"}]}}{"C612":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Luteinizing Hormone","code":"C612","definitions":[{"description":"A hormone made in the pituitary gland. In females, it acts on the ovaries to make follicles release their eggs and to make hormones that get the uterus ready for a fertilized egg to be implanted. In males, it acts on the testes to cause cells to grow and make testosterone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Interstitial Cell-Stimulating Hormone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Leuteinizing Hormone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luteinizing Hormone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutropin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Luteinizing Hormone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic LH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"interstitial cell-stimulating hormone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"luteinizing hormone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"lutropin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704298"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9002-67-9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Luteinizing_Hormone"}]}}{"C38724":{"preferredName":"Recombinant MAGE-3.1 Antigen","code":"C38724","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant tumor-specific melanoma antigen. Vaccination with recombinant MAGE-3.1 antigen may induce a host immune response against MAGE-expressing cells, resulting in antitumoral T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. MAGE-expressing cells are found in melanoma, non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, and esophageal carcinoma. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAGE-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-3.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant MAGE-3.1 Antigen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant MAGE-3.1 Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1510427"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42271"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42271"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_MAGE-3-1_Antigen"}]}}{"C98294":{"preferredName":"Recombinant MIP1-alpha Variant ECI301","code":"C98294","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of a human macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP1-alpha) with a substitution of aspartate to alanine at position 26, with potential immunomodulating and radiotherapy potentiating activity. Intravenous administration of recombinant MIP1-alpha variant ECI301 after local tumor irradiation enhances the anti-tumor effect of ionizing radiation at the irradiated site as well as the antitumor effect at non-irradiated tumor sites (known as the abscopal effect). The abscopal effect appears to be attributed to this agent's ability to recruit and activate leukocytes, such as monocytes, dendritic cells, natural killer cells and T lymphocytes, thereby initiating an anti-tumor immune response against cancer cells. MIP1-alpha, also known as chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3, is a ligand for the chemokine receptors CCR1, CCR4 and CCR5 that are involved in immune and inflammatory responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ECI301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant MIP1-alpha Variant ECI301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant MIP1-alpha Variant ECI301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"eMIP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432412"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713863"}]}}{"C1290":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor","code":"C1290","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous protein cytokine macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). Synthesized endogenously by mesenchymal cells, M-CSF stimulates the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic cells of the monocyte-macrophage series and can reverse treatment-related neutropenias. Recombinant M-CSF may also enhance antigen presentation and activate antitumoral cytotoxic T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Colony Stimulating Factor 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rM-CSF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079784"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"81627-83-0"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40240"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40240"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_Macrophage_Colony-Stimulating_Factor"}]}}{"C49087":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Ankara-5T4 Vaccine","code":"C49087","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding the 5T4 fetal oncoprotein (MVA-h5T4). Vaccination with recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara-5T4 vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing 5T4 fetal oncoprotein antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The MVA viral vector, derived from the replication-competent strain Ankara, is a highly attenuated, replication-defective vaccinia strain incapable of virion assembly.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant MVA-5T4 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Ankara-5T4 Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Ankara-5T4 Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Pox Virus Encoding 5T4 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TroVax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541801"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"449683"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"449683"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_Modified_Vaccinia_Ankara-5T4_Vaccine"}]}}{"C99459":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Oncolytic Poliovirus PVS-RIPO","code":"C99459","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, live attenuated, nonpathogenic oncolytic virus containing the oral poliovirus Sabin type 1 in which the internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) is replaced with the IRES from human rhinovirus type 2 (HRV2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral administration of recombinant oncolytic poliovirus PVS-RIPO, the poliovirus is selectively taken up by and replicates in tumor cells expressing CD155 (poliovirus receptor, PVR or NECL5) eventually causing tumor cell lysis. CD155, an oncofetal cell adhesion molecule and tumor antigen, is ectopically expressed in certain cancers, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GMB), and plays an important role in tumor cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Due to the heterologous HRV2 IRES in this recombinant virus, PVS-RIPO only propagates in susceptible, nonneuronal cells (e.g., GBM).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PVS-RIPO","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PVSRIPO","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Oncolytic Poliovirus PVS-RIPO","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Oncolytic Poliovirus PVS-RIPO","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433215"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721361"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721361"}]}}{"C92586":{"preferredName":"Recombinant PRAME Protein Plus AS15 Adjuvant GSK2302025A","code":"C92586","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of the human PRAME (Preferentially Expressed Antigen of Melanoma) protein combined with the AS15 adjuvant, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration, GSK2302025A may stimulate the host immune response to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that overexpress the PRAME protein, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The tumor-associated antigen PRAME is often overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types. AS15 is an potent adjuvant liposomal formulation that contains CpG 7909, monophosphoryl lipid, and QS-21.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant PRAME Protein Plus AS15 Adjuvant GSK2302025A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421638"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681046"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681046"}]}}{"C2251":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Platelet Factor 4","code":"C2251","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of the endogenous chemokine platelet factor 4 with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. As a heparin-binding tetramer, recombinant platelet factor 4 inhibits growth factor-stimulated endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis; it has been shown that this agent inhibits fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) angiogenic activity downstream from the FGF2 receptor. Its activity is antagonized by heparin. Recombinant platelet factor 4 may also directly inhibit the proliferation of some tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CXCL4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platelet Factor 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Platelet Factor 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Platelet Factor 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rPF4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhPF4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"671662"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3887655"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"37270-94-3"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42317"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42317"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Platelet_Factor_4"}]}}{"C82371":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Saccharomyces Cerevisia-CEA(610D)-Expressing Vaccine GI-6207","code":"C82371","definitions":[{"description":"A whole, heat-killed, recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast-based vaccine genetically altered to express the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) peptide 610D with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisia-CEA(610D) vaccine GI-6207 may stimulate a host cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell lysis. CEA, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed on a wide variety of human cancer cells including colorectal, gastric, lung, breast and pancreatic cancer cells. CEA 610D encodes for 9 amino acids (605-613) in which aspartate is substituted for asparagine at position 610 (610D) in order to strengthen the induction of the CTL response against CEA-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GI-6207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Saccharomyces Cerevisia-CEA(610D)-Expressing Vaccine GI-6207","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Saccharomyces Cerevisia-CEA(610D)-Expressing Vaccine GI-6207","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830061"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641167"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641167"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_Saccharomyces_Cerevisia-CEA_610D_Expressing_Vaccine_GI-6207"}]}}{"C121542":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Super-compound Interferon","code":"C121542","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of the naturally-occurring cytokine interferon-alpha (IFN-a) that has a modified spatial configuration, with immunomodulating, antiviral and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of recombinant super-compound interferon (rSIFN-co), this agent binds to IFN-specific cell surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products have antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. The 3-dimensional conformational change improves efficacy and causes less side effects compared to IFN-a.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant Super Compound Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Super-compound Interferon","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Super-compound Interferon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rSIFN-co","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053486"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770206"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770206"}]}}{"C884":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Thyroglobulin","code":"C884","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of thyroglobulin identical to or similar to the endogenous iodine-containing glycoprotein. Thyroglobulin is synthesized in the thyroid follicular cell, and is the precursor of thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Thyroglobulin levels can serve as a tumor marker for monitoring the status of differentiated thyroid carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Proloid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Thyroglobulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THYROGLOBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Therapeutic TG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroglobulin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527123"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9010-34-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hypothyroidism"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NN2P9VPL7M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39300"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39300"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Thyroglobulin"}]}}{"C61322":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Thyrotropin Alfa","code":"C61322","definitions":[{"description":"A form of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) that is made in the laboratory. It is used to test for remaining or recurring cancer cells in patients who have been treated for thyroid cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant form of the human anterior pituitary glycoprotein thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) with use in the diagnostic setting. With an amino acid sequence identical to that of human TSH, thyrotropin alfa binds to TSH receptors on normal thyroid epithelial cells or well-differentiated thyroid cancer cells, stimulating iodine uptake and organification, synthesis and secretion of thyroglobulin (Tg), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant TSH Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Thyrotropin Alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Thyrotropin Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Thyrotropin Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THYROTROPIN ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TSH-alpha","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyrogen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Thyrogen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyrotropin Alfa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"thyrotropin alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2587204"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"194100-83-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AVX3D5A4LM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481277"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481277"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_Thyrotropin_Alfa"}]}}{"C898":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Transforming Growth Factor-Beta","code":"C898","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) with proapoptotic and antineoplastic properties. TGF-beta may suppress tumor cell growth by decreasing the expression of cyclin D1, a cell cycle regulatory protein, and downregulating the expression of the oncogene c-myc. This agent is also involved in T cell-mediated immunosuppression by CD4+CD25+ T cells, which permits cancer cells to evade immune surveillance. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone-Derived Transforming Growth Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Transforming Growth Factor-Beta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGF-Beta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Milk Growth Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic TGF B","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic TGF-Beta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rTGF-Beta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527196"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Transforming_Growth_Factor-Beta"}]}}{"C1286":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Transforming Growth Factor-Beta-2","code":"C1286","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant polypeptide chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine transforming growth factor-beta-2 (TGF-beta-2). TGF-beta-2 modulates cell growth and immune function and may promote or inhibit tumor growth, depending on the tumor cell type. TGF-beta-2 may also suppress host immune system recognition of and/or response to tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cartilage-Inducing Factor-B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma-Derived T-Cell Suppressor Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Transforming Growth Factor-Beta-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGF-Beta 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522073"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42024"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Transforming_Growth_Factor-Beta_2"}]}}{"C913":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha","code":"C913","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha with antineoplastic properties. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha binds to and activates \"death receptors\" on the cell surface, resulting in apoptosis and cell death by the p53-independent extrinsic pathway. This agent also disrupts tumor vascularization. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cachectin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SONERMIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TNF-Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-alpha)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"697068"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522669"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"308079-78-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X2C8Z061MB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43225"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43225"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Tumor_Necrosis_Factor-Alpha"}]}}{"C38682":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Tyrosinase-Related Protein-2","code":"C38682","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to an endogenous non-mutated melanocyte differentiation antigen expressed by both normal and malignant melanocytes. Vaccinations with recombinant tyrosinase-related protein-2 may elicit an antitumoral cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells and some normal cells that express tyrosinase-related protein-2. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant Tyrosinase-Related Protein-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRP-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyrosinase-Related Protein-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL035331"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38407"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38407"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Recombinant_Tyrosinase-Related_Protein-2"}]}}{"C131580":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-expressing Human Interferon Beta and Sodium-Iodide Symporter","code":"C131580","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, replication competent form of the oncolytic RNA virus vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), based on the Indiana strain of VSV, that is genetically engineered to express the genes for the human cytokine interferon beta (IFNbeta) and the human thyroidal sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), with potential oncolytic and imaging activities. Upon intravenous administration, VSV-hIFNbeta-NIS is preferentially taken up by tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell infection, viral replication and a direct virus-mediated cytolytic effect against the infected tumor cells. IFN-mediated signaling is defective in tumor cells and tumor cells are unable to exert an anti-viral response against VSV. As normal, healthy cells secrete and respond normally to IFNbeta and are able to activate IFN-mediated anti-viral pathways, the expressed IFNbeta from the VSV-infected tumor cells helps protect normal cells from VSV infection. Upon subsequent administration of certain isotope-containing imaging agents, NIS expression by the infected tumor cells allows visualization and tracking of VSV biodistribution, and analysis and quantification of VSV-infected tumor cells by positron emission tomography (PET). Also, upon subsequent administration of the radioisotope iodine I 131 (I131), I131 can be taken up by NIS and allows for a cytotoxic dose of radiation to accumulate in the NIS-expressing VSV-infected tumor cells, which also leads to tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oncolytic VSV-hIFNbeta-NIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-expressing Human Interferon Beta and Sodium-Iodide Symporter","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-expressing Human Interferon Beta and Sodium-Iodide Symporter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VSV-expressing hIFNb and NIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VSV-hIFNb-NIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VSV-hIFNbeta-NIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VV1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-expressing Human Interferon Beta and Sodium-Iodide Symporter","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Voyager-V1","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514461"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788964"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788964"}]}}{"C74059":{"preferredName":"Refametinib","code":"C74059","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable selective MEK inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Refametinib specifically inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1 or MAPK/ERK kinase 1), resulting in inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a dual specificity threonine/tyrosine kinase, is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth; constitutive activation of this pathway has been implicated in many cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 869766","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY86-9766","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor RDEA119","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RDEA119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REFAMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Refametinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Refametinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346909"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"923032-37-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JPX07AFM0N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589128"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589128"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H20F3IN2O5S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MEK_Inhibitor_RDEA119"}]}}{"C78204":{"preferredName":"Regorafenib","code":"C78204","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Regorafenib binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) 2 and 3, and Ret, Kit, PDGFR and Raf kinases, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. VEGFRs are receptor tyrosine kinases that play important roles in tumor angiogenesis; the receptor tyrosine kinases RET, KIT, and PDGFR, and the serine/threonine-specific Raf kinase are involved in tumor cell signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(4-(((4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)carbamoyl)amino)-3-fluorophenoxy)-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 73-4506","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGORAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Regorafenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Regorafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stivarga","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2980094"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"755037-03-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"24T2A1DOYB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595192"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595192"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H15ClF4N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Multitargeted_Receptor_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_BAY_73-4506"}]}}{"C127838":{"preferredName":"Relacorilant","code":"C127838","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available antagonist of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, relacorilant competitively binds to and blocks GRs. This inhibits the activity of GRs, and prevents both the translocation of the ligand-GR complexes to the nucleus and gene expression of GR-associated genes. This decreases the negative effects that result from excess levels of endogenous glucocorticoids, like those seen when tumors overproduce glucocorticoids. In addition, by binding to GRs and preventing their activity, inhibition with CORT125134 also inhibits the proliferation of GR-overexpressing cancer cells. GRs are overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and promote tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"((4aR)-1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4aH-pyrazolo(3,4-g)isoquinolin-4a-yl)(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)methanone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CORT-125134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CORT125134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanone, ((4aR)-1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-6-((1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)sulfonyl)-4aH-pyrazolo(3,4-g)isoquinolin-4a-yl)(4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RELACORILANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Relacorilant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Relacorilant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507918"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1496510-51-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2158753C7E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781149"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781149"}]}}{"C111999":{"preferredName":"Relatlimab","code":"C111999","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitor receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, relatlimab binds to LAG-3 on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This may activate antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhance cytotoxic T cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG-3 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and binds to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II. LAG-3 expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-986016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4, Anti-(human Lymphocyte Activation Gene-3 Protein) (Human Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RELATLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Relatlimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Relatlimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454288"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1673516-98-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AF75XOF6W3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754229"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754229"}]}}{"C114498":{"preferredName":"Relugolix","code":"C114498","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, non-peptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Relugolix competitively binds to and blocks the GnRH receptor in the anterior pituitary gland, which both prevents GnRH binding to the GnRH receptor and inhibits the secretion and release of both luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the release of testosterone from Leydig cells in the testes. Since testosterone is required to sustain prostate growth, reducing testosterone levels may inhibit hormone-dependent prostate cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N-(4-(1-((2,6-Difluorophenyl)methyl)-5-((dimethylamino)methyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-(6-methoxy-3-pyridazinyl)-2,4-dioxothieno(2,3-d)pyrimidin-6-yl)phenyl)-N'-methoxyurea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RELUGOLIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Relugolix","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Relugolix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Relugolix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK 385","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-385","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urea, N-(4-(1-((2,6-difluorophenyl)methyl)-5-((dimethylamino)methyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-(6-methoxy-3-pyridazinyl)-2,4-dioxothieno(2,3-d)pyrimidin-6-yl)phenyl)-N'-methoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3252109"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"737789-87-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P76B05O5V6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759257"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759257"}]}}{"C97513":{"preferredName":"Remetinostat","code":"C97513","definitions":[{"description":"A topical formulation containing the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon cutaneous administration, SHP-141 selectively binds to and inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones in the skin (dermis and epidermis), the induction of chromatin remodeling, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes. These events may result in the inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor cell types, are a family of metalloenzymes responsible for the deacetylation of chromatin histone proteins. Topical administration of SHP-141 allows for high concentrations of this agent locally while minimizing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Methyl 4-((8-(Hydroxyamino)-8-Oxooctanoyl)oxy)benzoate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylparaben Suberohydroxamic Acid Phenyl Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REMETINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Remetinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Remetinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHAPE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHP-141","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430257"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946150-57-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"37NT056AT4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703816"}]}}{"C70968":{"preferredName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma Peptides Vaccine IMA901","code":"C70968","definitions":[{"description":"A multipeptide cancer vaccine targeting renal cell carcinoma with potential immunopotentiating activity. Renal cell carcinoma peptides vaccine IMA901 consists of 10 different synthetic tumor-associated peptide (TUMAP) antigens (9 HLA-class I-binding and 1 HLA class II-binding); endogenously, these TUMAPs are expressed by the majority of renal cell carcinomas. Vaccination with this agent may significantly increase host cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune responses against tumor cells expressing these peptide antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMA901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma Peptides Vaccine IMA901","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma Peptides Vaccine IMA901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL375872"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570963"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570963"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Renal_Cell_Carcinoma_Peptides_Vaccine_IMA901"}]}}{"C66515":{"preferredName":"Reparixin","code":"C66515","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor types 1 (CXCR1) and 2 (CXCR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, reparixin allosterically binds to CXCR1 and prevents CXCR1 activation by its ligand interleukin 8 (IL-8 or CXCL8). This may cause cancer stem cell (CSC) apoptosis and may inhibit tumor cell progression and metastasis. CXCR1, overexpressed on CSCs, plays a key role in CSC survival and the ability of CSC to self-renew; it is also linked to tumor resistance to chemotherapy. Inhibition of the IL-8/CXCR1 interaction also potentiates the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic agents. In addition, reparixin inhibits CXCR2 activation and may reduce both neutrophil recruitment and vascular permeability during inflammation or injury.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(4-Isobutylphenyl)propionylmethanesulfonamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzeneacetamide, Alpha-methyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)-N- (methylsulfonyl)- (alphaR)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DF 1681Y","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REPARIXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Reparixin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Reparixin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Repertaxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1506747"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"266359-83-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U604E1NB3K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750172"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750172"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H21NO3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Reparixin"}]}}{"C133821":{"preferredName":"Repotrectinib","code":"C133821","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of multiple kinases, including the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1, 2 and 3, the proto-oncogene SRC, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, repotrectinib binds to and inhibits wild-type, point mutants and fusion proteins of ALK, ROS1, NTRK1-3, SRC, FAK and, to a lesser extent, other kinases. Inhibition of these kinases leads to the disruption of downstream signaling pathways and the inhibition of cell growth of tumors in which these kinases are overexpressed, rearranged or mutated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK/ROS1/NTRK/SRC/FAK Multikinase Inhibitor TPX-0005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor TPX-0005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor TPX-0005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REPOTRECTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Repotrectinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Repotrectinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPX-0005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521742"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1802220-02-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"08O3FQ4UNP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788549"}]}}{"C63958":{"preferredName":"Resiquimod","code":"C63958","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of skin cancer. When put on the skin, resiquimod causes some immune cells to make certain chemicals that may help them kill tumor cells. It is also being studied to find out if adding it to a tumor vaccine improves the antitumor immune response. It is a type of imidazoquinoline and a type of immunomodulator.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An imidazoquinolinamine and Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist with potential immune response modifying activity. Resiquimod exerts its effect through the TLR signaling pathway by binding to and activating TLR7 and 8 mainly on dendritic cells, macrophages, and B-lymphocytes. This induces the nuclear translocation of the transcription activator NF-kB as well as activation of other transcription factors. This may lead to an increase in mRNA levels and subsequent production of cytokines, especially interferon-alpha (INF-a) and other cytokines, thereby enhancing T-helper 1 (Th1) immune responses. In addition, topical application of resiquimod appears to activate Langerhans' cells, leading to an enhanced activation of T-lymphocytes. Due to its immunostimulatory activity, this agent may potentially be useful as a vaccine adjuvant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-alpha,alpha-dimethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-1-ethanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R848","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RESIQUIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Resiquimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Resiquimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Resiquimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S 28463","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"resiquimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0389573"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"144875-48-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V3DMU7PVXF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544217"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H22N4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Resiquimod"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:36706"}]}}{"C88259":{"preferredName":"Resiquimod Topical Gel","code":"C88259","definitions":[{"description":"A topical gel containing the Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist resiquimod, an imidazoquinolinamine and with potential immunomodulating activity. Resiquimod binds toTLR7 and 8, mainly on dendritic cells, macrophages, and B-lymphocytes, and activates the TLR signaling pathway, resulting in the induction of the nuclear translocation of transcription activator NF-kB and activation of other transcription factors; subsequently, gene expression increases and the production of cytokines increases, especially interferon-alpha (INF-a), resulting in the enhancement of T-helper 1 (Th1) immune responses. In addition, topical application of resiquimod appears to activate epidermal Langerhans cells, leading to an enhanced activation of T-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"R848 Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Resiquimod Topical Gel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Resiquimod Topical Gel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412435"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654328"}]}}{"C94233":{"preferredName":"Resistant Starch","code":"C94233","definitions":[{"description":"A form of dietary fiber that resists degradation by gastrointestinal (GI) enzymes in the small intestine with potential chemopreventive and prebiotic activity. Upon consumption of resistant starch, the fiber is not metabolized or absorbed in the small intestine and enters the colon unaltered. Once in the colon, the starch is fermented by anaerobic colonic bacteria and produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), including butyrate, which has anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities. In addition, butyrate appears to exert antitumor effects by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing tumor cell differentiation and promoting apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Resistant Starch","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Resistant Starch","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426045"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687429"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687429"}]}}{"C84856":{"preferredName":"Resminostat","code":"C84856","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs) with potential antineoplastic activity. Resminostat binds to and inhibits HDACs leading to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones. This may result in an induction of chromatin remodeling, inhibition of the transcription of tumor suppressor genes, inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor types, are a class of enzymes that deacetylate chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4SC-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RESMINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Resminostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2935131"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"864814-88-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1578EUB98L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651465"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651465"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H19N3O4S"}]}}{"C1215":{"preferredName":"Resveratrol","code":"C1215","definitions":[{"description":"A substance found in the skins of grapes and in certain other plants, fruits, and seeds. It is made by various plants to help defend against invading fungi, stress, injury, infection, and too much sunlight. It is being studied in the prevention of cancer and heart disease. It is a type of antioxidant and a type of polyphenol.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A phytoalexin derived from grapes and other food products with antioxidant and potential chemopreventive activities. Resveratrol induces phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes (anti-initiation activity); mediates anti-inflammatory effects and inhibits cyclooxygenase and hydroperoxidase functions (anti-promotion activity); and induces promyelocytic leukemia cell differentiation (anti-progression activity), thereby exhibiting activities in three major steps of carcinogenesis. This agent may inhibit TNF-induced activation of NF-kappaB in a dose- and time-dependent manner. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-5-[2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-1,3-benzenediol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,4',5-Stilbenetriol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RESVERATROL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"RESVERATROL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Resveratrol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Resveratrol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Resveratrol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"resveratrol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"327430"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073096"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"501-36-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q369O8926L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"405819"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"405819"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H12O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Resveratrol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:45713"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27881"}]}}{"C85484":{"preferredName":"Resveratrol Formulation SRT501","code":"C85484","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary formulation of resveratrol, a polyphenolic phytoalexin derived from grapes and other food products with potential antioxidant, anti-obesity, antidiabetic and chemopreventive activities. Resveratrol may activate sirtuin subtype 1 (SIRT-1). SIRT1 activation has been reported to inhibit tumorigenesis and tumor cell proliferation. SIRT-1 is a member of the silent information regulator 2 (SIR2) (or sirtuin) family of enzymes that plays an important role in mitochondrial activity and acts as a protein deacetylase. SIRT1 appears to be involved in the regulation of numerous transcription factors such as NF-kB and p53.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Resveratrol Formulation SRT501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRT501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2002402"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648245"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648245"}]}}{"C80378":{"preferredName":"Retaspimycin","code":"C80378","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) with antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Retaspimycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of HSP90, which maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins and may be overexpressed or overactive in tumor cells. Retaspimycin-mediated inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins in susceptible tumor cell populations, which may result in the induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin Hydroquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Geldanamycin, 18,21-didehydro-17-demethoxy-18,21-dideoxo-18,21-dihydroxy-17-(2-propenylamino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RETASPIMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Retaspimycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1743502"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"857402-23-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BZF2ZM0I5Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H45N3O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Retaspimycin"}]}}{"C48401":{"preferredName":"Retaspimycin Hydrochloride","code":"C48401","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) with antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Retaspimycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of HSP90, which maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins and may be overexpressed or overactive in tumor cells. Retaspimycin-mediated inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins in susceptible tumor cell populations, which may result in the induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin hydroquinone hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Geldanamycin, 18,21-didehydro-17-demethoxy-18,21-dideoxo-18,21-dihydroxy-17-(2-propenylamino)-, monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-504","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RETASPIMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Retaspimycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Retaspimycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708447"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"857402-63-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"928Q33Q049"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"437784"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"437784"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H45N3O8.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"IPI-504"}]}}{"C73241":{"preferredName":"Retelliptine","code":"C73241","definitions":[{"description":"An ellipticine derivative and topoisomerase II inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Retelliptine intercalates with DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II during DNA replication. In addition, this agent appears to induce cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis mediated through the Fas/Fas ligand death receptor and the mitochondrial pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-((3-(Diethylamino)propyl)amino)-5,11-dimethyl-9-methoxy-6H-pyrido(4,3-b)carbazole","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RETELLIPTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Retelliptine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0084319"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"72238-02-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SZ0F94M68J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H32N4O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Retelliptine"}]}}{"C64174":{"preferredName":"Retinoic Acid Agent Ro 16-9100","code":"C64174","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic retinoid with differentiation inducing and potential antineoplastic activities. Like other retinoic acid agents, Ro 16-9100 binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinoic Acid Agent Ro 16-9100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinoid Ro 16-9100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 16-9100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Ro 16-9100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro-16-9100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0913966"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"160372-07-6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ro_16-9100"}]}}{"C80061":{"preferredName":"Retinoid 9cUAB30","code":"C80061","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment and prevention of cancer. It blocks an enzyme that keeps cells alive by adding material to the ends of chromosomes. Blocking this enzyme may cause the cancer cells to die. 9cUAB30 is a type of retinoic acid and a type of telomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic analogue of 9-cis retinoic acid with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Retinoid 9cUAB30 binds to and activates retinoid X receptor (RXR) homodimers and/or and retinoic acid receptor (RAR)/RXR heterodimers, which may result in the dissociation of corepressor protein and the recruitment of coactivator protein, followed by transcription of downstream target genes into mRNAs and protein translation. Gene transcription regulated by these transcription factors may result in inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell differentiation, and apoptosis of both normal cells and tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9cUAB30","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Retinoid 9cUAB30","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Retinoid 9cUAB30","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1311390"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614594"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614594"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Retinoid_9cUAB30"}]}}{"C68302":{"preferredName":"Retinol","code":"C68302","definitions":[{"description":"Retinoid with a hydroxyl group. Active form of vitamin A which can be converted to the other usable forms; retinal (an aldehyde) and retinoic acid (a carboxylic acid).","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"The fat soluble vitamin retinol. Vitamin A binds to and activates retinoid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis of some cancer cell types and inhibiting carcinogenesis. Vitamin A plays an essential role in many physiologic processes, including proper functioning of the retina, growth and differentiation of target tissues, proper functioning of the reproductive organs, and modulation of immune function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6, 6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraen-1-ol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraen-1-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)-nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"All Trans Retinol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RETINOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Retinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Retinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Retinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"retinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0087161"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"68-26-8"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"11103-57-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G2SH0XKK91"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39735"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39735"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H30O"},{"name":"INFOODS","value":"RETOL"},{"name":"USDA_ID","value":"322"},{"name":"Unit","value":"mcg"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Retinol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17336"}]}}{"C1216":{"preferredName":"Retinyl Acetate","code":"C1216","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally-occurring fatty acid ester form of retinol (vitamin A) with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Retinyl acetate binds to and activates retinoid receptors, inducing cell differentiation and decreasing cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits carcinogen-induced neoplastic transformation in some cancer cell types and exhibits immunomodulatory properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinol Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinyl Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Retinyl Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinyl acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VITAMIN A ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vitamin A, acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"vitamin A acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"122760"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"122045"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073109"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"127-47-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Dietary supplement; vitamin A deficiency"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3LE3D9D6OY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40313"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40313"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H32O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Retinyl_Acetate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:32095"}]}}{"C1217":{"preferredName":"Retinyl Palmitate","code":"C1217","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in cancer prevention. It belongs to the family of drugs called retinoids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally-occurring phenyl analogue of retinol (vitamin A) with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. As the most common form of vitamin A taken for dietary supplementation, retinyl palmitate binds to and activates retinoid receptors, thereby inducing cell differentiation and decreasing cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits carcinogen-induced neoplastic transformation, induces apoptosis in some cancer cell types, and exhibits immunomodulatory properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Palmitate-1-14C","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinol Hexadecanoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinol Palmitate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinol-15-3H","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinyl Palmitate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Retinyl Palmitate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinyl-10,11-14C2","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VITAMIN A PALMITATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vitamin A Palmitate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"retinyl palmitate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073115"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"79-81-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Dietary supplement; vitamin A deficiency; reduction in falciparum malaria episodes in children older than 12 months old; acne; diminishing malignant cell growth; enhancing the immune system; reduction in mortality of HIV-infected children"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1D1K0N0VVC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C36H60O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Retinyl_Palmitate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17616"}]}}{"C49082":{"preferredName":"Retrovector Encoding Mutant Anti-Cyclin G1","code":"C49082","definitions":[{"description":"A replication-incompetent, pathotropic, tumor matrix (collagen)-targeted, retroviral vector encoding an N-terminal deletion mutant form of the cyclin G1 gene with potential antineoplastic activity. Under the control of a hybrid long-terminal repeat/cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, retrovector encoding mutant anti-cyclin G expresses the mutant cyclin G1 construct, resulting in disruption of tumor cell cyclin G1 activity and decreased cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. This agent preferentially targets collagen of the tumor matrix because of the incorporation of the collagen-binding domain of von Willebrand factor (vWF) on the retrovector surface. Exploiting the collagen-targeting mechanism of vWF permits delivery of the retrovector to tumor sites where angiogenesis and collagen matrix exposure occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mx-dnG1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REXIN-G","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retrovector Encoding Mutant Anti-Cyclin G1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Retrovector Encoding Mutant Anti-Cyclin G1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709935"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"446577"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"446577"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Retrovector_Encoding_Anti-Cyclin_G"}]}}{"C74076":{"preferredName":"Rexinoid NRX 194204","code":"C74076","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable synthetic retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist with potential antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. Rexinoid NRX 194204 selectively binds to and activates RXRs. Because RXRs can form heterodimers with several nuclear receptors (NRs), RXR activation by this agent may result in a broad range of gene expression depending on the effector DNA response elements activated. Rexinoid NRX 194204 may inhibit the tumor-necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated release of nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 6 (IL6) and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. This agent appears to be less toxic than RAR-selective ligands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGN194204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NRX194204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rexinoid NRX 194204","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rexinoid NRX 194204","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0967787"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"260262-39-3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592353"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592353"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Rexinoid_NRX_194204"}]}}{"C118670":{"preferredName":"Rhenium Re 188 BMEDA-labeled Liposomes","code":"C118670","definitions":[{"description":"A liposome-based preparation consisting of the beta- and gamma-emitting radionuclide rhenium Re 188 (Re 188) linked to the chelator N,N-bis (2-mercaptoethyl)-N',N'-diethylethylenediamine (BMEDA) and encapsulated in liposomes, with potential tumor imaging and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous infusion of rhenium Re 188 BMEDA-labeled liposomes, the liposomes selectively target tumor cells, facilitate the retention of the radioisotope by those cells, and cause localized antitumor radiocytotoxicity while sparing surrounding normal, healthy cells. In addition, Re 188 BMEDA-labeled liposomes can be used for imaging purposes. Re 188 has a short half-life and a short path length, which further contribute to limiting the radiotoxicity to the tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(188) Re-BMEDA-liposomes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"188Re-BMEDA-liposomes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"188Re-N,N-bis (2-Mercaptoethyl)-N',N'-diethylethylenediamine-labeled Liposomes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium Re 188 BMEDA-labeled Liposomes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3897117"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765863"}]}}{"C1562":{"preferredName":"Rhenium Re-186 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate","code":"C1562","definitions":[{"description":"An synthetic compound containing the organic phosphonate hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate (HEDP) labeled with the radioisotope rhenium Re 186. Re-186 hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate binds to hydroxyapatite in bone, delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to primary and metastatic bone tumors. Re-186 is a beta emitter with a short half-life, a radioisotope profile that provides localized antitumor radiocytotoxicity while sparing extramedullary bone marrow tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"186Re-Etidronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re 186 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re-186 HEDP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re-186 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium Re 186 Etidronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium Re-186 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium-186 HEDP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280809"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"140709-07-5"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41205"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41205"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Re_186_Hydroxyethylidene_Diphosphonate"}]}}{"C91390":{"preferredName":"Rhenium Re-188 Ethiodized Oil","code":"C91390","definitions":[{"description":"A rhenium (Re) 188 conjugate of ethiodized oil (lipiodol), an iodinated ethyl ester derived from poppy seed oil, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon hepatic intra-arterial injection rhenium Re 188 ethiodized oil accumulates in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor cells, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of radiation through Re 188 directly to the tumor cells. This may kill tumor cells while sparing surrounding normal cells and tissues. Compared to iodine I 131, Re 188 has a shorter half-life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rhenium Re 188 Lipiodol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium Re-188 Ethiodized Oil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1530677"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674326"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674326"}]}}{"C156698":{"preferredName":"Rhenium Re-188 Etidronate","code":"C156698","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic compound containing the bisphosphonate etidronate (hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate, HEDP) labeled with rhenium Re188, a beta-emitting radioisotope with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Re-188 etidronate binds to hydroxyapatite in bone, delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to primary and metastatic bone tumors. The beta-radiation may provide localized anti-tumor radiotoxicity while sparing extramedullary bone marrow tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"188Re-HEDP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"88Re-Etidronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re 188 Etidronic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re 188 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re-188 Etidronate","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re-188 HEDP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re-188 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re-188Etidronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium Re-188 Etidronate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium Re-188 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate (SY)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium-188 Etidronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium-188 HEDP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935713"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795714"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795714"}]}}{"C1218":{"preferredName":"Rhizoxin","code":"C1218","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It comes from a fungus and is similar to vinca alkaloid drugs. It belongs to the family of drugs called antimitotic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A macrocyclic lactone. Rhizoxin binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule assembly, thereby inducing cytotoxicity. This agent also may inhibit endothelial cell-induced angiogenic activity, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rhizoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WF-1360","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhizoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"332598"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073184"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"90996-54-6"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41718"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41718"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Rhizoxin"}]}}{"C151937":{"preferredName":"RhoC Peptide Vaccine RV001V","code":"C151937","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of an immunogenic peptide derived from the Ras homolog family member C (RhoC; Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoC) that is emulsified in the immunoadjuvant montanide ISA-51, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, RhoC peptide vaccine RV001V may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing RhoC, which results in tumor cell lysis. RhoC, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, is associated with increased metastatic potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RV 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RV 001V","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RV001 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RV001V","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RhoC Peptide Vaccine RV001V","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553276"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793139"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793139"}]}}{"C95701":{"preferredName":"Ribociclib","code":"C95701","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor targets at cyclin D1/CDK4 and cyclin D3/CDK6 cell cycle pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Ribociclib specifically inhibits CDK4 and 6, thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, thereby arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase, suppressing DNA synthesis and inhibiting cancer cell growth. Overexpression of CDK4/6, as seen in certain types of cancer, causes cell cycle deregulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-Cyclopentyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kisqali","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEE-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEE011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIBOCICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ribociclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ribociclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4045494"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1211441-98-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TK8ERE8P56"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689330"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689330"}]}}{"C154675":{"preferredName":"Ribociclib/Letrozole","code":"C154675","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available co-packaged agent combination of ribociclib, a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor targeting cyclin D1/CDK4 and cyclin D3/CDK6, and letrozole, a nonsteroidal inhibitor of estrogen synthesis, with antineoplastic activity. Ribociclib specifically inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) phosphorylation. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, thereby arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase, suppressing DNA synthesis and inhibiting cancer cell growth. Letrozole selectively and reversibly inhibits aromatase, which may result in growth inhibition of estrogen-dependent cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kisqali and Femara Co-pack","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kisqali/Femara","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribociclib + Letrozole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribociclib Plus Letrozole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribociclib and Letrozole Co-pack","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribociclib-Letrozole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribociclib-Letrozole Regimen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribociclib/Letrozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555451"}]}}{"C82689":{"preferredName":"Ribonuclease QBI-139","code":"C82689","definitions":[{"description":"A nuclease of mammalian origin that cleaves the phosphodiester bond between nucleotides of ribonucleic acids with potential antineoplastic activity. Ribonuclease QBI-139 catalyzes the hydrolysis and degradation of RNA leading to the inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"QBI-139","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RNase QBI-139","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribonuclease QBI-139","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ribonuclease QBI-139","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388476"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633695"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633695"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ribonuclease_QBI-139"}]}}{"C78188":{"preferredName":"Aviscumine","code":"C78188","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant protein that inactivates the ribosome with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Aviscumine binds to the cell surface sialyltransferase CD75 and is internalized; intracellularly, CY503 cleaves an adenine-specific N-glycosidic bond on the 28S ribosomal subunit, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis. This agent has also been shown to activate natural killer (NK) cells, induce cytokine receptor expression, and stimulate the release of cytokines. CD75 is expressed on mature B-cells and subsets of T-cells and erythrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVISCUMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aviscumine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toxin ML-I (Mistletoe Lectin I) (Viscum album)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383580"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"223577-45-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4B18YVW82N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594770"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594770"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ribosome-Inactivating_Protein_CY503"}]}}{"C1865":{"preferredName":"Ribozyme RPI.4610","code":"C1865","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. RPI.4610 is a special type of RNA made in the laboratory. It stops a protein called vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) from being made. This may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of angiogenesis inhibitor and a type of ribozyme.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nuclease-stabilized synthetic ribozyme (ribonucleic acid enzyme) with potential anti-angiogenesis activity. Ribozyme RPI.4610 specifically recognizes the mRNA for FLT1 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1; VEGFR1), and hydrolyzes the mRNA, thereby preventing VEGFR1 proteins from being made. This may prevent VEGF-stimulated angiogenesis in cancerous tissue and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiozyme","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Angiozyme","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Flt-1 Ribozyme","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RPI.4610","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RPI.4610","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RPI4610","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribozyme RPI.4610","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0908892"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38358"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38358"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Angiozyme"}]}}{"C111686":{"preferredName":"Rice Bran","code":"C111686","definitions":[{"description":"The nutrient-rich hard outer layer of the rice cereal grain, with potential chemopreventive, antioxidant, iron chelating, anticholesterol and anti-inflammatory activities. Rice bran is rich in fiber, such as beta-glucan, pectin and gum; it also comprises vitamins and minerals, such as iron, magnesium and phosphorus, and essential fatty acids. In addition, Rice bran contains various bioactive components, including ferulic acid, tricin, beta-sitosterol, gamma-oryzanol, phytic acid, and inositol hexaphosphate (IP6). The potential anticancer activity of rice bran may be due to the synergistic effects of these phytochemicals on their ability to induce apoptosis, inhibit cell proliferation, and alter cell cycle progression in cancer cells. Rice bran's bioactive components also protect against tissue damage by scavenging free radicals and blocking chronic inflammatory responses. In addition, they are able to modulate the gut microflora and carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes, thereby further exerting a chemopreventive effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rice Bran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3810876"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752814"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752814"}]}}{"C96431":{"preferredName":"Ricolinostat","code":"C96431","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ricolinostat selectively targets and binds to HDAC6, thereby disrupting the Hsp90 protein chaperone system through hyperacetylation of Hsp90 and preventing the subsequent aggresomal protein degradation. This leads to an accumulation of unfolded and misfolded ubiquitinated proteins and may eventually induce cancer cell apoptosis, and inhibition of cancer cell growth. HDAC6, a class II HDAC deacetylase located in the cytoplasm, appears to play a key role in the formation and activation of the aggresomes needed for degradation of misfolded proteins. Compared to non-selective HDAC inhibitor, ACY-1215 is able to reduce the toxic effects on normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(Diphenylamino)-N-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACY-1215","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone Deacetylase 6 InhibitorACY-1215","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RICOLINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ricolinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ricolinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3492270"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WKT909C62B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698408"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698408"}]}}{"C49061":{"preferredName":"Ridaforolimus","code":"C49061","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of soft tissue and bone cancers. It is also being studied in the treatment of other solid tumors and hematologic cancer. Ridaforolimus stops cells from dividing and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of mTOR inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small molecule and non-prodrug analogue of the lipophilic macrolide antibiotic rapamycin with potential antitumor activity. Ridaforolimus binds to and inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which may result in cell cycle arrest and, consequently, the inhibition of tumor cell growth and proliferation. Upregulated in some tumors, mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase involved in regulating cellular proliferation, motility, and survival that is located downstream of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP23573","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AP23573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deforolimus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8669","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIDAFOROLIMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rapamycin, 42-(dimethylphosphinate)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ridaforolimus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ridaforolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ridaforolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713007"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"572924-54-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"48Z35KB15K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354223"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354223"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C53H84NO14P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AP23573"}]}}{"C152216":{"preferredName":"Rigosertib","code":"C152216","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic benzyl styryl sulfone analogue and Ras mimetic, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, rigosertib targets and binds to Ras-binding domain (RBD) found in many Ras effector proteins, including Raf kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). This prevents Ras from binding to its targets and inhibits Ras-mediated signaling pathways, including Ras/Raf/Erk, Ras/CRAF/polo-like kinase1 (Plk1), and Ras/ PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. This induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in a variety of susceptible tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glycine, N-(2-methoxy-5-((((1E)-2-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)sulfonyl) methyl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-Methoxy-5-((((1E)-2-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)sulfonyl)methyl) phenyl)glycine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ON 01910","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIGOSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rigosertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rigosertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553420"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"592542-59-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"67DOW7F9GL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C71355":{"preferredName":"Rigosertib Sodium","code":"C71355","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks certain proteins that are needed for cell growth and may kill cancer cells. ON 01910.Na is a type of protein kinase inhibitor and a type of benzyl styryl sulfone analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt form of rigosertib, a synthetic benzyl styryl sulfone analogue and Ras mimetic, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, rigosertib targets and binds to Ras-binding domain (RBD) found in many Ras effector proteins, including Raf kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). This prevents Ras from binding to its targets and inhibits Ras-mediated signaling pathways, including Ras/Raf/Erk, Ras/CRAF/polo-like kinase1 (Plk1), and Ras/ PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. This induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in a variety of susceptible tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ON 01910.Na","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ON 01910.Na","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like kinase 1 Inhibitor ON 01910.Na","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIGOSERTIB SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rigosertib Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rigosertib Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467794"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"592542-60-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"406FL5G00V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573371"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573371"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H24NO8S.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Polo-like_kinase_1_Inhibitor_ON_01910_Na"}]}}{"C38681":{"preferredName":"Rilimogene Galvacirepvec","code":"C38681","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine formulation consisting of recombinant vaccinia virus encoding prostate specific antigen (PSA) and recombinant vaccinia virus encoding three co-stimulatory molecule transgenes B7.1, ICAM-1, and LFA-3 (TRICOM). Vaccination with PSA in combination with TRICOM may enhance antigen presentation, resulting in the augmentation of a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing PSA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PROSTVAC","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostvac-V","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vaccinia-PSA(L155)-TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vaccinia-PSA(L155)/TRICOM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vaccinia-PSA(L155)/TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rilimogene Galvacirepvec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rilimogene Galvacirepvec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rVaccinia-PSA(L155)-TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rVaccinia-Prostate-Specific Antigen/TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"717170"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519903"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1225283-43-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"305934"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"305934"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vaccinia-PSA-TRICOM_Vaccine"}]}}{"C132990":{"preferredName":"Rilimogene Galvacirepvec/Rilimogene Glafolivec","code":"C132990","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine formulation consisting of rilimogene galvacirepvec (V-PSA-TRICOM; PROSTVAC-V), a recombinant vaccinia virus, and rilimogene glafolivec (F-PSA-TRICOM; PROSTVAC-F), a recombinant fowlpox virus, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Both viruses encode modified forms of human prostate specific antigen (PSA) and the three co-stimulatory molecule transgenes (TRIad of COstimulatory Molecules; TRICOM), B7.1 (CD80), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (LFA-3). Using a prime-boost vaccine regimen, with a primary vaccination of rilimogene galvacirepvec followed by multiple booster vaccinations of rilimogene glafolivec, the PSA-TRICOM vaccines infect antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs). Upon processing and expression of the PSA and TRICOM proteins on their surfaces, the DCs are able to initiate cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses against PSA-expressing cancer cells. The combination of PSA and TRICOM greatly enhances T-cell activation and T-cell-mediated tumor cell killing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PROSTVAC","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROSTVAC-V-PROSTVAC-F","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROSTVAC-V/F","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROSTVAC-VF-TRICOM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROSTVAC-VF/TRICOM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vaccinia-B7.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vaccinia-B7.1 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vaccinia-Fowlpox-Prostate-specific Antigen-TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rilimogene Galvacirepvec-Rilimogene Glafolivec","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rilimogene Galvacirepvec/Rilimogene Glafolivec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rilimogene Galvacirepvec/Rilimogene Glafolivec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520248"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787601"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787601"}]}}{"C29560":{"preferredName":"Rilimogene Glafolivec","code":"C29560","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant fowlpox virus encoding fragment of human prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA:154-163 (155L), and a TRIad of COstimulatory Molecules (B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3) (TRICOM). Administration of this agent may induce a cytotoxic T cell response against PSA-expressing tumor cells. Dendritic cells infected with TRICOM vectors greatly enhance naive T-cell activation and peptide-specific T-cell stimulation. Fowlpox virus is an attractive vector because its genome is easy to manipulate and it is replication incompetent in mammalian cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PROSTVAC-F","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Fowlpox-PSA(L155)/TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rilimogene Glafolivec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rilimogene Glafolivec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rFowlpox-PSA(L155)/TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"717171"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515688"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"305933"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"305933"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"rFowlpox-PSA_L155_TRICOM"}]}}{"C67079":{"preferredName":"Rilotumumab","code":"C67079","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It binds to a protein called hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which may cause cancer cells to grow. Blocking this may cause cancer cells to die. AMG 102 is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody directed against the human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HGF monoclonal antibody AMG 102 binds to and neutralizes HGF, preventing the binding of HGF to its receptor c-Met and so c-Met activation; inhibition of c-Met-mediated signal transduction may result in the induction of apoptosis in cells expressing c-Met. c-Met (HGF receptor or HGFR), a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in a variety of epithelial cancer cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AMG 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HGF Monoclonal Antibody AMG 102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fully Human Anti-HGF Monoclonal Antibody AMG 102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RILOTUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rilotumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rilotumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-HGF monoclonal antibody AMG 102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2743963"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"872514-65-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"51WEW898IJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536240"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536240"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-HGF_Monoclonal_Antibody_AMG_102"}]}}{"C69076":{"preferredName":"Rindopepimut","code":"C69076","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a human epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIIi)-specific peptide conjugated to the non-specific immunomodulator keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with rindopepimut may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing EGFRvIII. EGFRvIII, a functional variant of EGFR that is not expressed in normal tissues, was originally discovered in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and has also been found in various other cancers such as breast, ovarian, metastatic prostate, colorectal, and head and neck cancers. EGFRvIII contains an 83 amino acid deletion in its extracellular domain and has been shown to transform NIH/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells in vitro.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII Vaccine CDX-110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Cysteine, L-leucyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-lysyl-L-lysylglycyl-L-asparaginyl-L-tyrosyl-L-valyl-L-valyl-L-threonyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-histidyl-S-(1-((4-carboxycyclohexyl)methyl)-2,5-dioxo-3-pyrrolidinyl)-, complex with hemocyanin (Megathura crenulata)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04948568","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RINDOPEPIMUT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rindopepimut","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rindopepimut","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3181262"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946156-74-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Immunotherapy for glioblastoma multiforme"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K3L4X0501F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"546970"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"546970"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-EGFRvIII_Vaccine_CDX-110"}]}}{"C124067":{"preferredName":"Ripretinib","code":"C124067","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable switch pocket control inhibitor of wild-type and mutated forms of the tumor-associated antigens (TAA) mast/stem cell factor receptor (SCFR) KIT and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR-alpha; PDGFRa), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ripretinib targets and binds to both wild-type and mutant forms of KIT and PDGFRa specifically at their switch pocket binding sites, thereby preventing the switch from inactive to active conformations of these kinases and inactivating their wild-type and mutant forms. This abrogates KIT/PDGFRa-mediated tumor cell signaling and prevents proliferation in KIT/PDGFRa-driven cancers. DCC-2618 also inhibits several other kinases, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2; KDR), angiopoietin-1 receptor (TIE2; TEK), PDGFR-beta and macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (FMS; CSF1R), thereby further inhibiting tumor cell growth. KIT and PDGFRa are tyrosine kinase receptors that are upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cell types; mutated forms play a key role in the regulation of tumor cell proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-N'-[2,5-difluoro-4-[2-(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-4-yl]oxyphenyl]-1-N'-phenylcyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCC-2618","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCC2618","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KIT/PDGFR Inhibitor DCC-2618","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RIPRETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ripretinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502501"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1225278-16-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9XW757O13D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776638"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776638"}]}}{"C131306":{"preferredName":"Risperidone Formulation in Rumenic Acid","code":"C131306","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable capsule formulation containing the antipsychotic agent risperidone suspended in the lipid rumenic acid, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of VAL401, risperidone may, through an as of yet not elucidated mechanism of action, reduce cellular activity and tumor cell proliferation in multiple cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Risperidone Formulation in Rumenic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Risperidone Lipid Formulation VAL401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAL-401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAL401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514450"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785676"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785676"}]}}{"C75294":{"preferredName":"Ritrosulfan","code":"C75294","definitions":[{"description":"A sulfonate-based alkylation agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Ritrosulfan appears to alkylate DNA, thereby producing DNA crosslinks, resulting in cell cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lycurim","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-74","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RITROSULFAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ritrosulfan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073401"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4148-16-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YIY0662KX9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H24N2O8S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ritrosulfan"}]}}{"C1702":{"preferredName":"Rituximab","code":"C1702","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is also used with other drugs to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia and rheumatoid arthritis. It is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer and other conditions. Rituximab binds to a protein called CD20, which is found on B-cells, and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant chimeric murine/human antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, a hydrophobic transmembrane protein located on normal pre-B and mature B lymphocytes. Following binding, rituximab triggers a host cytotoxic immune response against CD20-positive cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABP 798","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 695500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C2B8 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-P10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chimeric Anti-CD20 Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDEC-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDEC-C2B8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDEC-C2B8 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MabThera","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody IDEC-C2B8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-05280586","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RITUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RTXM83","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituxan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Rituxan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rituximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab ABBS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar ABP 798","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar BI 695500","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar CT-P10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar GB241","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar IBI301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar JHL1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar PF-05280586","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar RTXM83","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar SAIT101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Truxima","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rituximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rituximab biosimilar TQB2303","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rituximab-abbs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"687451"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0393022"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"174722-31-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Diffuse Large B-cell, CD20-positive, Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (NHL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4F4X42SYQ6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42613"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42613"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Rituximab"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64357"}]}}{"C148162":{"preferredName":"Rituximab Conjugate CON-4619","code":"C148162","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary conjugate of rituximab, a recombinant chimeric murine/human antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the rituximab conjugate CON-4619, the rituximab moiety targets and binds to CD20, a hydrophobic transmembrane protein located on normal pre-B and mature B lymphocytes. Following binding, rituximab triggers a host cytotoxic immune response against CD20-positive cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurixim","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurixim Antibody Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CON-4619","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Conjugate CON-4619","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550782"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792533"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792533"}]}}{"C136821":{"preferredName":"Rituximab and Hyaluronidase Human","code":"C136821","definitions":[{"description":"A combination preparation of rituximab, a genetically engineered chimeric murine/human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, and the recombinant form of the human enzyme hyaluronidase, with antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration of rituximab and hyaluronidase human, the hyaluronidase reversibly depolymerizes the polysaccharide hyaluronan in the subcutaneous tissue. This increases the permeability of the subcutaneous tissue and enhances the absorption of rituximab into the systemic circulation. In turn, rituximab targets and binds to CD20 expressed on tumor cells, and induces tumor cell lysis primarily through the induction of complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). When administered subcutaneously, hyaluronidase, an endoglycosidase, increases the dispersion and absorption of co-administered drugs. CD20 is expressed on the surface of pre-B and mature B-lymphocytes, and is overexpressed in a variety of B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rituxan Hycela","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Plus Hyaluronidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab and Hyaluronidase Human","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rituximab and Hyaluronidase Human","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab/Hyaluronidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab/Hyaluronidase Human","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524655"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789585"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789585"}]}}{"C64762":{"preferredName":"Riviciclib","code":"C64762","definitions":[{"description":"A flavone and cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Riviciclib selectively binds to and inhibits Cdk4/cyclin D1, Cdk1/cyclin B and Cdk9/cyclin T1, serine/threonine kinases that play key roles in the regulation of the cell cycle and cellular proliferation. Inhibition of these kinases leads to cell cycle arrest during the G1/S transition, thereby leading to an induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor P276","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-276-00 Free Base","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P276","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P276-00","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIVICICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Riviciclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Riviciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832023"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"920113-02-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9EK26WE8QN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529362"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529362"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"P276"}]}}{"C152237":{"preferredName":"Rivoceranib","code":"C152237","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, rivoceranib selectively binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, which may inhibit VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell migration and proliferation and decrease tumor microvessel density. In addition, this agent mildly inhibits c-Kit and c-SRC tyrosine kinases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"-Pyridinecarboxamide, N-(4-(1-cyanocyclopentyl)phenyl)-2-((4-pyridinylmethyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apatinib Free Base","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIVOCERANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rivoceranib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553441"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5S371K6132"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C74012":{"preferredName":"Rivoceranib Mesylate","code":"C74012","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt of rivoceranib, an orally bioavailable, small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Rivoceranib selectively binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, which may inhibit VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell migration and proliferation and decrease tumor microvessel density. In addition, this agent mildly inhibits c-Kit and c-SRC tyrosine kinases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIVOCERANIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rivoceranib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rivoceranib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YN-968D1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YN968D1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346836"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1218779-75-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TK02X14ASJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592508"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592508"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Rivoceranib Mesylate"}]}}{"C71527":{"preferredName":"Robatumumab","code":"C71527","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-IGF-1R fully human monoclonal antibody SCH 717454 binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing binding of the ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent triggering of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; downregulation of this survival pathway may result in the induction of apoptosis and decreased cellular proliferation. The activation of IGF-1R, a tyrosine kinase and a member of the insulin receptor family, stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis; IGF-1R signaling has been highly implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody SCH 717454","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Receptor) (Human Monoclonal SCH 717454 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal SCH 717454 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROBATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Robatumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Robatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sch717454","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467798"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"934235-44-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V983921H3B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577364"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577364"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-IGF-1R_Recombinant_Monoclonal_Antibody_SCH_717454"}]}}{"C77907":{"preferredName":"Rocapuldencel-T","code":"C77907","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine in which autologous dendritic cells are transfected with patient-specific renal cell carcinoma (RCC) RNA and a synthetic, truncated human CD40 ligand (CD40L) RNA with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Individual RCC-specific RNA, encoding a unique repertoire of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) (including telomerase reverse transcriptase, G250, and oncofetal antigen) is electroporated into autologous dendritic cells (DCs), transfected with synthetic RNA that encodes a truncated version of the T-cell protein CD40L; the transfected autologous DCs express and process both patient-specific RCC TAAs and the truncated CD40L protein. When reintroduced back to the patient, rocapuldencel-T may elicit a highly specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against RCC cells expressing the patient-specific RCC TAA repertoire. The signal cascade initiated by stimulation of the truncated, ectopically expressed co-stimulatory molecule CD40L results in the secretion of the inflammatory cytokine IL-12 downstream.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROCAPULDENCEL-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rocapuldencel-T","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rocapuldencel-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387046"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8I9S6401XZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599024"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Renal_Tumor_RNA_CD40L-Transfected_Dendritic_Cell_Vaccine"}]}}{"C99905":{"preferredName":"Rociletinib","code":"C99905","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule, irreversible inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Rociletinib binds to and inhibits mutant forms of EGFR, including T790M, thereby leading to cell death of resistant tumor cells. Compared to other EGFR inhibitors, CO-1686 inhibits T790M, a secondary acquired resistance mutation, as well as other mutant EGFRs and may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated resistance to other EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type EGFR, hence does not cause certain dose-limiting toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CO-1686","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-((2-((4-(4-Acetylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)amino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)phenyl)prop-2-enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROCILETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rociletinib","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rociletinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rociletinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4045493"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1374640-70-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"72AH61702G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"725346"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"725346"}]}}{"C97275":{"preferredName":"Rodorubicin","code":"C97275","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic tetraglycosidic anthracycline antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Rodorubicin appears to intercalate DNA and causes cell death. Due to its severe cardiotoxic effects, this agent was never marketed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cytorhodin S","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLB 817","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RODORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rodorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073554"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"96497-67-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XCZ4D2241Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C48H64N2O17"}]}}{"C1832":{"preferredName":"Rofecoxib","code":"C1832","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that was being used for pain relief and was being studied for its ability to prevent cancer and to prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and a type of antiangiogenesis agent. Rofecoxib was taken off the market in the U.S. because of safety concerns.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, nonsteroidal derivative of phenyl-furanone with antiinflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties and potential antineoplastic properties. Rofecoxib binds to and inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), resulting in an inhibition of the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. COX-related metabolic pathways may represent key regulators of cell proliferation and neo-angiogenesis. Some epithelial tumor cell types overexpress pro-angiogenic COX-2. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[4'-(Methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-3-phenyl-2(5H)-furanone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 966","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROFECOXIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rofecoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Rofecoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vioxx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Vioxx","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rofecoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"720256"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0762662"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"162011-90-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Pain; dysmenorrhea; osteoarthritis; rheumatoid arthritis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0QTW8Z7MCR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38568"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38568"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H14O4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Rofecoxib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8887"}]}}{"C76890":{"preferredName":"Roflumilast","code":"C76890","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, long-acting inhibitor of phosphodiesterase (PDE) type 4 (PDE4), with anti-inflammatory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, roflumilast and its active metabolite roflumilast N-oxide selectively and competitively bind to and inhibit PDE4, which leads to an increase of both intracellular levels of cyclic-3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cAMP-mediated signaling. cAMP prevents phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and abrogates activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which may result in the induction of apoptosis. PDE4, a member of the PDE superfamily that hydrolyses cAMP and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) to their inactive 5' monophosphates, is upregulated in a variety of cancers and may contribute to chemoresistance; it also plays a key role in inflammation, especially in inflammatory airway diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Cyclopropylmethoxy-N-(3,5-dichloropyridin-4-yl)-4-(difluoromethoxy)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B9302-107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BY217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BYK20869","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daliresp","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROFLUMILAST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Roflumilast","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Roflumilast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0965618"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"162401-32-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0P6C6ZOP5U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750521"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750521"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H14Cl2F2N2O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Roflumilast"}]}}{"C112205":{"preferredName":"Rogaratinib","code":"C112205","definitions":[{"description":"A pan inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Rogaratinib inhibits the activities of FGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of both tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. FGFRs are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases, which may be upregulated in various tumor cell types and may be involved in tumor cell differentiation and proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-((4-Amino-6-(methoxymethyl)-5-(7-methoxy-5-methyl-1-benzothiophen-2-yl)pyrrolo(2,1-f)(1,2,4)triazin-7-yl)methyl)piperazin-2-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1163877","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1163877","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROGARATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rogaratinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rogaratinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454405"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1443530-05-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"98BSN6N516"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754526"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754526"}]}}{"C1427":{"preferredName":"Rogletimide","code":"C1427","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active aminoglutethimide derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Rogletimide reversibly inhibits the activity of aromatase, a cytochrome P450 family enzyme found in many tissues and the key enzyme in the oxidative aromatization process of androgens to estrogens. In estrogen-dependent cancers, the inhibition of aromatase by this agent leads to a reduction in the synthesis of estrogen, thereby inhibiting estrogen-mediated signal transduction and consequently reducing tumor cell growth. In addition, rogletimide also inhibits enzymes that catalyzing conversion of cholesterol to corticosteroids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pyridoglutethimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Pyridoglutethimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROGLETIMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rogletimide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Rogletimide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"619778"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0164550"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"92788-10-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"14P4QR28QF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41461"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41461"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H14N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Rogletimide"}]}}{"C1544":{"preferredName":"Romidepsin","code":"C1544","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Romidepsin is a type of depsipeptide and histone deacetylase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bicyclic depsipeptide antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Chromobacterium violaceum with antineoplastic activity. After intracellular activation, romidepsin binds to and inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC), resulting in alterations in gene expression and the induction of cell differentiation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. This agent also inhibits hypoxia-induced angiogenesis and depletes several heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90)-dependent oncoproteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibiotic FR 901228","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depsipeptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FK228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FR901228","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"FR901228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Istodax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Valine, N- (3-hydroxy-7-mercapto-1-oxo-4-heptenyl)valyl- cysteinyl-2, 3-didehydro-2-aminobutanoyl-,xi-lactone, cyclic (1-2)-disulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Valine, N-(3-Hydroxy-7-Mercapto-1-Oxo-4-Heptenyl)-D-Valyl-D-Cysteinyl-(Z)-2,3 -Didehydro-2-Aminobutanoyl-, xi-Lactone, Cyclic (1-2)-Disulfide, (S-(E))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[(3S,4E)-3-Hydroxy-7-mercapto-1-oxo-4-heptenyl]-D-valyl-D-cysteinyl-(2Z)-2-amino-2-butenoyl-L-valine, (4-1) Lactone, Cyclic","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[(3S,4E)-3-Hydroxy-7-mercapto-1-oxo-4-heptenyl]-D-valyl-D-cysteinyl-(2Z)-2-amino-2-butenoyl-L-valine, (4->1) Lactone, Cyclic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"ROMIDEPSIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Romidepsin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Romidepsin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"depsipeptide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"romidepsin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"630176"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527027"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"128517-07-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CX3T89XQBK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42600"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42600"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H36N4O6S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Depsipeptide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:61080"}]}}{"C92579":{"preferredName":"Roniciclib","code":"C92579","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Roniciclib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK1/Cyclin B, CDK2/Cyclin E, CDK4/Cyclin D1, and CDK9/Cyclin T1, serine/threonine kinases that play key roles in the regulation of the cell cycle progression and cellular proliferation. Inhibition of these kinases leads to cell cycle arrest during the G1/S transition, thereby leading to an induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are often dysregulated in cancerous cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY1000394","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RONICICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Roniciclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Roniciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL423828"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1223498-69-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0W9Q8U337A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684718"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684718"}]}}{"C48813":{"preferredName":"Ropidoxuridine","code":"C48813","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available 5-substituted 2-pyrimidinone-2'-deoxyribonucleoside analogue and prodrug of 5-iododeoxyuridine (IUdR), an iodinated analogue of deoxyuridine, with radiosensitizing activity. Upon oral administration, ropidoxuridine (IPdR) is efficiently converted to idoxuridine (IUdR) by a hepatic aldehyde oxidase. In turn, IUdR is incorporated into DNA during replication, thereby sensitizing cells to ionizing radiation by increasing DNA strand breaks. Compared to IUdR, ropidoxuridine is associated with a lower toxicity profile and improved anti-tumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 1-(2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-5-iodo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Iodo-2-pyrimidinone 2' deoxyribonucleoside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Iodo-2-pyrimidinone-2'-deoxyribose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPdR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROPIDOXURIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ropidoxuridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ropidoxuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"726188"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0088688"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"93265-81-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3HX21A3SQF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11IN2O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_5-Iodo-2-Pyrimidinone-2-Deoxyribose"}]}}{"C1519":{"preferredName":"Roquinimex","code":"C1519","definitions":[{"description":"A quinoline-3-carboxamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Roquinimex inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and basement membrane invasion; reduces the secretion of the angiogenic factor tumor necrosis factor alpha by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs); and inhibits angiogenesis. This agent is also an immune modulator that appears to alter cytokine profiles and enhance the activity of T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-N,1-dimethyl-2-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxanilide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,2-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-N,1-dimethyl-2-oxo-N-phenyl-3-quinolinecarboxamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"1,2-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-N,1-dimethyl-2-oxo-N-phenyl-3-quinolinecarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCF 89","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LS 2616","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Linomide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Phenyl-N-methyl-1,2-dihydro-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-oxoquinoline-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROQUINIMEX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Roquinimex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0244748"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"84088-42-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"372T2944C0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41410"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41410"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H16N2O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Roquinimex"}]}}{"C77066":{"preferredName":"Rosabulin","code":"C77066","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule vascular disrupting agent, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Rosabulin binds to tubulin in a similar manner as colchicine and inhibits microtubule assembly. This results in the disruption of the cytoskeleton of tumor endothelial cells, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest and blockage of cell division. By destroying proliferating vascular cells, blood flow to the tumor is reduced and eventually leads to a decrease in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-[(4-Cyanophenyl)methyl]-N-(3-methyl-5-isothiazolyl)-alpha-oxo-1-indolizineacetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROSABULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rosabulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STA-5312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541461"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"501948-05-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6Z674O12T6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H16N4O2S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Rosabulin"}]}}{"C53412":{"preferredName":"Rose Bengal Solution PV-10","code":"C53412","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable ten percent solution of rose bengal disodium, an iodinated fluorescein derivative, with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. When injected into tumor tissue, PV-10 specifically targets and concentrates in tumor cells, producing cytotoxic singlet oxygen when exposed to ionizing radiation. In addition, PV-10 may stimulate an anti-tumor immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4,5,6,7-Tetrachloro-2',4',5',7'-tetraiodofluorescein Disodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Injectable Rose Bengal 10%","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV-10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV-10","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Provecta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rose Bengal Disodium 10%","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rose Bengal Solution PV-10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709443"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"463937"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"463937"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PV-10"}]}}{"C2583":{"preferredName":"Rosiglitazone Maleate","code":"C2583","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that helps control the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood and is being studied in the prevention and treatment of some types of cancer. Avandia stops cells from growing and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of thiazolidinedione and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The maleate salt of rosiglitazone, an orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Rosiglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, thereby inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis. This agent also modulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes, inhibits macrophage and monocyte activation, and stimulates adipocyte differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+/-)-5-[[4-[2-(Methyl-2-pyridinylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]-2,4-thiazolidinedione, ( Z )-2-Butenedioate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avandia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Avandia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Avandia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRL49653","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROSIGLITAZONE MALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rosiglitazone Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Rosiglitazone Maleate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rosiglitazone Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rosiglitazone maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"717764"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0795660"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"155141-29-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Type 2 diabetes"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus and Type II Diabetes Mellitus"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KX2339DP44"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37793"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H19N3O3S.C4H4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Rosiglitazone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8892"}]}}{"C122921":{"preferredName":"Rosmantuzumab","code":"C122921","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 humanized monoclonal antibody targeting human R-spondin 3 (RSPO3), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, rosmantuzumab targets and binds to RSPO3 expressed on tumor cells. This prevents the activation of RSPO3, and inhibits both the binding of RSPO3 to leucine-rich repeat-containing G-coupled receptors (LGRs) and the activation of the RSPO-LGR pathway. This may result in an inhibition of both cancer stem cell (CSC) survival and the proliferation of cancer cells in which this pathway is overactivated. The RSPO-LGR pathway is a CSC pathway activated in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OMP-131R10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROSMANTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rosmantuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rosmantuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053609"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1684393-04-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VD026R6TCI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C66523":{"preferredName":"Rosuvastatin","code":"C66523","definitions":[{"description":"A statin with antilipidemic and potential antineoplastic activities. Rosuvastatin selectively and competitively binds to and inhibits hepatic hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a precursor of cholesterol. This leads to a decrease in hepatic cholesterol levels and increase in uptake of LDL cholesterol. In addition, rosuvastatin, like other statins, exhibits pro-apoptotic, growth inhibitory, and pro-differentiation activities in a variety of tumor cell types; these antineoplastic activities may be due, in part, to inhibition of the isoprenylation of Ras and Rho GTPases and related signaling cascades.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ROSUVASTATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rosuvastatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rosuvastatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0965129"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"287714-41-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"413KH5ZJ73"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654583"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654583"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H28FN3O6S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Rosuvastatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38545"}]}}{"C107678":{"preferredName":"Rovalpituzumab Tesirine","code":"C107678","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against the delta-like protein 3 (DLL3), conjugated to the cytotoxic pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer D6.5 (SC-DR002) via a maleimide-containing linker with an eight-carbon polyethylene glycol spacer and a cathepsin B-cleavable valine-alanine dipeptide, with potential antineoplastic activity. The MAb moiety of rovalpituzumab tesirine selectively binds to DLL3 on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internalization of the ADC, the dipeptide linker is cleaved and D6.5 is released. Then the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of DLL3-overexpressing tumor cells. DLL3, a membrane protein that binds to Notch receptors and regulates Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, is overexpressed by certain cancers but is rarely expressed by normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ROVALPITUZUMAB TESIRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rova-T","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rovalpituzumab Tesirine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rovalpituzumab Tesirine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC0002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC16LD6.5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL451868"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1613313-09-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P256HB60FF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751419"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751419"}]}}{"C1485":{"preferredName":"Rubitecan","code":"C1485","definitions":[{"description":"An alkaloid drug belonging to a class of anticancer agents called topoisomerase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic agent related to camptothecin with potent antitumor and antiviral properties. Rubitecan binds to and inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase I and induces protein-linked DNA single-strand breaks, thereby blocking DNA and RNA synthesis in dividing cells; this agent also prevents repair of reversible single-strand DNA breaks. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-NC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Nitro-20(S)-camptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-nitrocamptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptogen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitrocamptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orathecin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RFS 2000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUBITECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rubitecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nitrocamptothecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"603070"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0213800"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"91421-42-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"AIDs, pediatric; HIV infection, pediatric"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H19C446XXB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42528"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42528"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H15N3O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Rubitecan"}]}}{"C137800":{"preferredName":"Rucaparib","code":"C137800","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable tricyclic indole and inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) 1 (PARP1), 2 (PARP2) and 3 (PARP3), with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, rucaparib selectively binds to PARP1, 2 and 3 and inhibits PARP-mediated DNA repair. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. PARPs are enzymes activated by single-strand DNA breaks that catalyze the post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins, which induces signaling and the recruitment of other proteins to repair damaged DNA. The PARP-mediated repair pathway plays a key role in DNA repair and is dysregulated in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6H-Pyrrolo(4,3,2-ef)(2)benzazepin-6-one, 8-Fluoro-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2-(4-((methylamino)methyl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-Fluoro-2-(4-((methylamino)methyl)phenyl)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-6H-azepino(5,4,3-cd)indol-6-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUCAPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rucaparib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rucaparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3661315"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"283173-50-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"ecurrent ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8237F3U7EH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C131178":{"preferredName":"Rucaparib Camsylate","code":"C131178","definitions":[{"description":"The camsylate salt form of rucaparib, an orally bioavailable tricyclic indole and inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) 1 (PARP1), 2 (PARP2) and 3 (PARP3), with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, rucaparib selectively binds to PARP1, 2 and 3 and inhibits PARP-mediated DNA repair. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. PARPs are enzymes activated by single-strand DNA breaks that catalyze the post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins, which induces signaling and the recruitment of other proteins to repair damaged DNA. The PARP-mediated repair pathway plays a key role in DNA repair and is dysregulated in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"8-Fluoro-2-(4-((methylamino)methyl)phenyl)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-6H-pyrrolo(4,3,2-ef)(2)benzazepin-6-one (7,7-dimethyl-2-oxobicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-1-yl)methanesulfonate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-Fluoro-2-{4-[(methylamino)methyl]phenyl}-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-6H-azepino[5,4,3-cd]indol-6-one ((1S,4R)-7,7dimethyl-2-oxobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-1-yl)methanesulfonic Acid Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bicyclo(2.2.1)heptane-1-methanesulfonic acid, 7,7-dimethyl-2-oxo-, (1S,4R)-, Compound with 8-Fluoro-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2-(4-((methylamino)methyl)phenyl)-6H-pyrrolo(4,3,2-ef)(2)benzazepin-6-one (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C0-338","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUCAPARIB CAMSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rubraca","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rucaparib Camsylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rucaparib Camsylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rucaparib Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513492"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1859053-21-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"deleterious BRCA mutation (germline and/or somatic) associated advanced ovarian cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"41AX9SJ8KO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C78186":{"preferredName":"Rucaparib Phosphate","code":"C78186","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of breast cancers caused by mutations (changes) in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks an enzyme involved in many functions of the cell, including the repair of DNA damage. DNA damage may be caused by normal cell actions, UV light, some anticancer drugs, and radiation used to treat cancer. AG014699 may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The phosphate salt form of rucaparib, an orally bioavailable tricyclic indole and inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) 1 (PARP1), 2 (PARP2) and 3 (PARP3), with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, rucaparib selectively binds to PARP1, 2 and 3 and inhibits PARP-mediated DNA repair. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. PARPs are enzymes activated by single-strand DNA breaks that catalyze the post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins, which induces signaling and the recruitment of other proteins to repair damaged DNA. The PARP-mediated repair pathway plays a key role in DNA repair and is dysregulated in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG014699","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AG014699","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP-1 inhibitor AG014699","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PARP1 Inhibitor PF-01367338","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-01367338","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUCAPARIB PHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rucaparib Phosphate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rucaparib Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2603422"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"459868-92-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H3M9955244"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594405"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594405"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H18FN3O.H3O4P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PARP-1_Inhibitor_AG014699"}]}}{"C38686":{"preferredName":"Ruthenium Ru-106","code":"C38686","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive isotope of the rare element ruthenium, a member of the light platinum group. A radioactive plaque containing ruthenium 106 may be inserted into the eye to irradiate ophthalmic tumors. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ru-106","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ruthenium Ru 106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ruthenium Ru-106","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ruthenium Ru-106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0303733"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357497"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357497"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ruthenium_106"}]}}{"C97948":{"preferredName":"Ruthenium-based Transferrin Targeting Agent NKP-1339","code":"C97948","definitions":[{"description":"A ruthenium-containing cancer agent targeting transferrin with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, NKP-1339 (Ru3+) binds to transferrin (Tf) and is taken up via Tf receptors (TfR), which are overexpressed on cancer cells. Once inside the cell, NKP-1339 is released from Tf and is reduced, within the acidic environment of the endosomes, to its active form NKP-119 (Ru2+). In turn, the active form induces a redox reaction, thereby leading to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which inhibits GRP78 and SOD, endoplasmic reticulum-stress modulating molecules as well as BAG4 and ERK, program cell death regulating molecules. This eventually induces caspase-dependent apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NKP-1339","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ruthenium-based Transferrin Targeting Agent NKP-1339","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273716"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709242"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709242"}]}}{"C77888":{"preferredName":"Ruxolitinib","code":"C77888","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable Janus-associated kinase (JAK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Ruxolitinib specifically binds to and inhibits protein tyrosine kinases JAK 1 and 2, which may lead to a reduction in inflammation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is involved in cellular proliferation, growth, hematopoiesis, and the immune response; JAK kinases may be upregulated in inflammatory diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, and various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3R)-3-cyclopentyl-3-(4-(7h-pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin-4-yl)pyrazol-1-yl)propanenitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-18424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB18424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jakafi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral JAK Inhibitor INCB18424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUXOLITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ruxolitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ruxolitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2715577"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"941678-49-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"82S8X8XX8H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H18N6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oral_JAK_Inhibitor_INCB18424"}]}}{"C97937":{"preferredName":"Ruxolitinib Phosphate","code":"C97937","definitions":[{"description":"The phosphate salt form of ruxolitinib, an orally bioavailable Janus-associated kinase (JAK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Ruxolitinib specifically binds to and inhibits protein tyrosine kinases JAK 1 and 2, which may lead to a reduction in inflammation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is involved in cellular proliferation, growth, hematopoiesis, and the immune response; JAK kinases may be upregulated in inflammatory diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, and various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3R)-3-cyclopentyl-3-(4-(7h-pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin-4-yl)pyrazol-1-yl)propanenitrile Phosphate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1H-Pyrazole-1-propanenitrile, beta-cyclopentyl-4-(7H-pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin-4-yl)-,(betaR)-, phosphate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-18424 Phosphate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jakafi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUXOLITINIB PHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ruxolitinib Phosphate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ruxolitinib Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3247913"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1092939-17-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"436LRU32H5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593437"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593437"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H18N6H3O4P"}]}}{"C63661":{"preferredName":"S-Adenosylmethionine","code":"C63661","definitions":[{"description":"A nutritional supplement that is synthesized from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the amino acid methionine by the endogenous essential enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, S-adenosylmethionine acts as a methyl donor for various transmethylation reactions. In cancer cells, this agent induces the methylation of tumor promoting genes, reverses DNA hypomethylation, and leads to the suppression of oncogene transcription. This induces apoptosis in and inhibits proliferation of susceptible tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5'-[(3-Amino-3-carboxypropyl)methylsulfonio]-5'-deoxyadenosine Hydroxide, Inner Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Active Methionine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Adenosyl-l-methionine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"S-Adenosyl-l-methionine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Adenosyl-l-methionine 1,4-Butanedisulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Adenosyl-methionine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Adenosylmethionine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036002"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"29908-03-0"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776686"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776686"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H22N6O5S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"S-Adenosylmethionine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15414"}]}}{"C120313":{"preferredName":"S-equol","code":"C120313","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, non-steroidal estrogen naturally produced by the metabolism of the isoflavonoid daidzein by human intestinal microflora, with potential chemoprotective and estrogen receptor (ER) modulating activities. S-equol preferentially binds to and activates the beta isoform of ER in certain target tissues, while having an antagonistic effect in other tissues. This modulates the expression of ER-responsive genes in a tissue-specific manner. This agent may increase bone mineral density, affect vasomotor symptoms, and may decrease the proliferation rate of susceptible cancer cells. In addition, this agent interferes with the activity of enzymes involved in steroid biosynthesis. S-equol inhibits dihydrotestosterone (DHT) production and may inhibit the proliferation of androgen-driven prostate cancer. S-equol is the biologically active enantiomer while R-equol is essentially inactive and has a weak affinity for alpha-ER.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Equol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(3S)-3,4-dihydro-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-7-ol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2H-1-benzopyran-7-ol, 3,4-Dihydro-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, (3S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EQUOL, (-)-","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"S-equol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"S-equol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896945"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"531-95-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2T6D2HPX7Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768802"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768802"}]}}{"C106368":{"preferredName":"S1P Receptor Agonist KRP203","code":"C106368","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of 2-amino-2 propanediol (KRP-203), a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor agonist, with potential immunosuppressive activity. Upon administration of S1P receptor agonist KRP203, this agent binds to S1P receptors on lymphocytes, which prevents binding of serum S1P to S1P receptors and leads to S1P receptor internalization. This reduces the number of circulating blood leukocytes and accelerates lymphocyte homing into peripheral lymph nodes, thereby preventing their infiltration into peripheral inflammatory sites. This agent also decreases the production of inflammatory cytokines by lymphocytes, such as interferon gamma (IFN-g), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Amino-2-propanediol Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRP-203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRP203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S1P Receptor Agonist KRP203","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1570777"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749378"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749378"}]}}{"C29418":{"preferredName":"SBIL-2","code":"C29418","definitions":[{"description":"An retroviral vector encoding human IL-2 with potential antineoplastic property. SBIL-2 (Surgery Branch IL-2) can be used to transfect tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, which can then be re-introduced back to cancer patients, thereby stimulate T cell activation and immunopotentiation responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SBIL-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519128"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SBIL-2"}]}}{"C156735":{"preferredName":"SERD D-0502","code":"C156735","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD D-0502 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D 0502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-0502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D0502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD D-0502","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader G1T48","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator D-0502","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935902"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795596"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795596"}]}}{"C150552":{"preferredName":"SERD G1T48","code":"C150552","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD G1T48 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha; ERa; ESR1) and induces a conformational change that promotes ERalpha degradation and downregulation. This prevents ERalpha-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ERalpha-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"G1T48","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD G1T48","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SERD G1T48","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader G1T48","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator G1T48","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552249"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793441"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793441"}]}}{"C147030":{"preferredName":"SERD GDC-9545","code":"C147030","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD GDC-9545 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDC 9545","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-49545","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6171","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD GDC-9545","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SERD GDC-9545","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader GDC-9545","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator GDC-9545","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545029"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792379"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792379"}]}}{"C140354":{"preferredName":"SERD SAR439859","code":"C140354","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD SAR439859 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SAR 439859","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-439859","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR439859","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD SAR439859","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SERD SAR439859","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader SAR439859","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator SAR439859","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538418"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C165550":{"preferredName":"SERD SHR9549","code":"C165550","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD SHR9549 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SERD SHR9549","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 9549","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-9549","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR9549","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader SHR9549","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator SHR9549","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799640"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799640"}]}}{"C156695":{"preferredName":"SHP-1 Agonist SC-43","code":"C156695","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule agonist of Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6; PTPN6) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SHP-1 agonist SC-43 enhances SHP-1 activity by impairing the association between the N-terminal Src homology 2 (N-SH2) domain and the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) domain of SHP-1, triggering a conformational change of SHP-1 and relieving its autoinhibition. Activation of SHP-1 represses signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling by inhibiting constitutive and interleukin-6 (IL-6)-induced STAT3 phosphorylation. The STAT3 pathway is overly active in many cancer types and is implicated in cancer stem cell-mediated growth, recurrence, stemness, and resistance to conventional chemotherapies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-[4-Chloro-3(trifluoromethyl)phenyl-3-[3-(4-cyanophenoxy)] Urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC 43","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-43","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-43 Oral Solution","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC43","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHP-1 Agonist SC-43","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935710"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795711"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795711"}]}}{"C160207":{"preferredName":"SHP2 Inhibitor JAB-3068","code":"C160207","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor JAB-3068 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell survival, differentiation and proliferation through activation of the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling pathway. The Ras-MAPK pathway is often hyperactivated in cancer cells due to specific mutations and rearrangements and are dependent on SHP2 for their oncogenic signaling. SHP2 also regulates programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-mediated signal transduction and is involved in immune checkpoint modulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JAB 3068","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAB-3068","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAB3068","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHP2 Inhibitor JAB-3068","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797845"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797845"}]}}{"C155850":{"preferredName":"SHP2 Inhibitor RMC-4630","code":"C155850","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor RMC-4630 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell survival, differentiation and proliferation through activation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway. The RAS-MAPK pathway is often hyperactivated in cancer cells due to specific mutations and rearrangements and are dependent on SHP2 for their oncogenic signaling. SHP2 also regulates programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-mediated signal transduction and is involved in immune checkpoint modulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PTPN11 Inhibitor RMC-4630","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RMC 4630","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RMC-4630","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RMC4630","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHP2 Inhibitor RMC-4630","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SHP2 Inhibitor RMC-4630","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562678"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798916"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798916"}]}}{"C139559":{"preferredName":"SHP2 Inhibitor TNO155","code":"C139559","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor TNO155 binds to and inhibits SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell survival, differentiation and proliferation through activation of the RAS-RAF-ERK signaling pathway. SHP2 also regulates programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-mediated signal transduction and is involved in immune checkpoint modulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PTPN11 Inhibitor TNO155","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHP2 Inhibitor TNO155","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SHP2 Inhibitor TNO155","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNO155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526915"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C125718":{"preferredName":"SIRPa-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-621","code":"C125718","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble recombinant antibody-like fusion protein composed of the N-terminal CD47 binding domain of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) linked to the Fc domain of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the SIRPa-Fc fusion protein TTI-621 selectively targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with endogenous SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrophage activation and phagocytosis of cancer cells. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1), expressed on macrophages, and results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, thereby allowing cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SIRPa-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-621","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SIRPa-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-621","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIRPaFc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI 621","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI-621","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504374"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C150756":{"preferredName":"SIRPa-IgG4-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-622","code":"C150756","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble recombinant antibody-like fusion protein composed of the N-terminal CD47 binding domain of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa; CD172a) linked to an Fc domain derived from human immunoglobulin G subtype 4 (IgG4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the SIRPa-IgG4-Fc fusion protein TTI-622 selectively targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with endogenous SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrophage activation. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling resulting from the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) expressed on macrophages, and results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects tumor cells from phagocytosis, thereby allowing these cells to proliferate and survive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SIRPa-IgG4 Fc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIRPa-IgG4 Fc TTI-622","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIRPa-IgG4-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-622","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SIRPa-IgG4-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-622","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI 622","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI-622","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI622","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552621"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793524"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793524"}]}}{"C153354":{"preferredName":"SLC6A8 Inhibitor RGX-202","code":"C153354","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the creatine transporter, solute carrier family 6, member 8 (SLC6a8), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RGX-202 inhibits phosphocreatine uptake by SLC6a8, thereby reducing intracellular levels of phosphocreatine available for ATP synthesis in tumor cells. SLC6a8 is overexpressed in some cancer types and inhibition of its activity may potentially limit tumor cell growth and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RGX 202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RGX-202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RGX-202-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RGX202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLC6A8 Inhibitor RGX-202","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SLC6A8 Inhibitor RGX-202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554455"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794147"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794147"}]}}{"C154553":{"preferredName":"SLCT Inhibitor GNS561","code":"C154553","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, quinolone-derived, small molecule inhibitor of an as of yet not disclosed solute carrier transporter (SLCT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, GNS561 demonstrates multiple cellular effects including inhibition of SLCT activity, induction of apoptosis via caspase 3/7 activation, and inhibition of autophagy through lysosomal disruption. Several SLCTs are upregulated in cancer and serve as tumor promoters. Over-expression of SLCT in some tumors is associated with stemness features and may be associated with poor outcomes. Inhibition of autophagy and induction of apoptosis may potentially inhibit tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GNS 561","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GNS-561","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GNS561","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLCT Inhibitor GNS561","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SLCT Inhibitor GNS561","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555353"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794352"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794352"}]}}{"C150507":{"preferredName":"SMAC Mimetic BI 891065","code":"C150507","definitions":[{"description":"A mimetic of second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (Smac/DIABLO) and inhibitor of IAPs (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Smac mimetic BI 891065 targets and binds to the Smac binding groove on IAPs, including the caspase inhibitor X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and the cellular IAPs 1 and 2. This inhibits the activities of these IAPs and promotes the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types and suppress apoptosis by binding to and inhibiting certain caspases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 891065","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMAC Mimetic BI 891065","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552291"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793013"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793013"}]}}{"C159535":{"preferredName":"SMO Protein Inhibitor ZSP1602","code":"C159535","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule SMO (Smoothened) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. SMO inhibitor BMS-833923 inhibits the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway protein SMO, which may result in a suppression of the SHH signaling pathway. SMO is a G-protein coupled receptor that lies just downstream of the SHH ligand cell surface receptor Patched-1 in the SHH pathway; in the absence of ligand Patched-1 inhibits SMO and ligand binding to Patched-1 results in increased levels of SMO. The SHH signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair; constitutive activation of this pathway is associated with uncontrolled cellular proliferation and has been observed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SMO Protein Inhibitor ZSP1602","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoothened Inhibitor ZSP1602","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZSP 1602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZSP-1602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZSP1602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797467"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797467"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Smoothened_Antagonist_BMS-833923"}]}}{"C71521":{"preferredName":"SN-38-Loaded Polymeric Micelles NK012","code":"C71521","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation consisting of polymeric micelles loaded with the irinotecan metabolite SN-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. SN-38-loaded polymeric micelles NK012 is an SN-38-releasing nanodevice constructed by covalently attaching SN-38 to the block copolymer PEG-PGlu, followed by self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers in an aqueous milieu. SN-38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin), a biological active metabolite of the prodrug irinotecan (CPT-11), binds to and inhibits topoisomerase I by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication, and apoptosis. SN-38 has been reported to exhibit up to 1,000-fold more cytotoxic activity against various cancer cells in vitro than irinotecan. This formulation increases the water-solubility of SN-38 and allows the delivery of higher doses of SN-38 than those achievable with SN-38 alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NK012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN-38-Loaded Polymeric Micelles NK012","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376227"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574615"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574615"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SN-38-Loaded_Polymeric_Micelle"}]}}{"C98288":{"preferredName":"SNS01-T Nanoparticles","code":"C98288","definitions":[{"description":"A colloidal mixture of nanoparticles consisting of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the native eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), plasmids expressing a pro-apoptotic mutant of elF5A under the control of a B-cell specific promoter (B29), and a synthetic cationic polymer polyethylenimine (PEI) as a delivery vehicle, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the siRNA component of SNS01-T suppresses elF5A expression, thereby interfering with translation of eIF5A and reducing levels of hypusinated elF5A in cancer cells. In turn, this inhibits activation of the transcription factor NF-kB and induces apoptosis. In addition, the B-cell specific plasmid component expresses an arginine substituted form of eIF5A, eIF5AK50R, which can not be hypusinated, thus leads to a selective induction of apoptosis in B-cells. The native unhypusinated form of eIF5A is pro-apoptotic and can be modified at the lysine residue, by deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS) and subsequently deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (DHH), to the anti-apoptotic hypusinated form which is associated with tumor cell growth and survival. The delivery vehicle protects the siRNA and plasmid from degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SNS01-T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS01-T Nanoparticles","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SNS01-T Nanoparticles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432406"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712786"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712786"}]}}{"C61435":{"preferredName":"SR-BP1/HSI Inhibitor SR31747A","code":"C61435","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic peripheral sigma receptor ligand with immunomodulatory and potential antitumor activities. Although the exact mechanism by which SR31747A exerts its antitumor effects has not been fully established, SR31747A binds to and inhibits the sigma1 receptor (SR31747A-binding protein-1 or SR-BP1), human sterol isomerase (HSI), also known as emopamil-binding protein (EBP), and the sigma2 receptor, which may result in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines while increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines. Upregulated in various cancers, the sigma1 and sigma2 receptors and human sterol isomerase are proteins that are involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SR-BP1/HSI Inhibitor SR31747A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831763"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"471256"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"471256"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SR31747A"}]}}{"C99460":{"preferredName":"SR-T100 Gel","code":"C99460","definitions":[{"description":"A cutaneous gel preparation containing an extract from Solanum incanum with potential antineoplastic activity. SR-T100 gel contains high amounts of the steroidal alkaloid glycoside solamargine. Solamargine is able to upregulate expression of tumor necrosis factor receptors 1 (TNFR1) and 6 (TNFRSF6 or Fas), and their signaling adaptors TNFR1-associated death domain, and Fas-associated death domain. In addition, this agent is able to upregulate expression of apoptosis promoter Bax, and suppress the expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xL and Bcl-2. Altogether, this induces apoptosis in tumor cells and may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SR-T100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR-T100 Gel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433216"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721725"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721725"}]}}{"C131562":{"preferredName":"SSTR2-targeting Protein/DM1 Conjugate PEN-221","code":"C131562","definitions":[{"description":"A miniaturized drug conjugate composed of a peptide analog of somatostatin that targets the somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) and is conjugated, through a cleavable linker, to the microtubule-binding cytotoxic maytansinoid DM1 (mertansine), with potential anti-tumor activity. Upon administration, the peptide ligand moiety of PEN-221 targets and binds to SSTR2, which is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types. Binding stimulates SSTR2-mediated endocytosis of the agent; upon internalization, the DM1 moiety is released and binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. This inhibits both cell division and the proliferation of SSTR2-expressing cancer cells. Compared to antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), miniaturized drug conjugates are much smaller and can more easily penetrate and distribute in dense tumor tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEN 221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEN-221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEN221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSTR2-targeting Protein/DM1 Conjugate PEN-221","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SSTR2-targeting Protein/DM1 Conjugate PEN-221","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSTR2PEN-221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514580"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786270"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786270"}]}}{"C116873":{"preferredName":"STAT Inhibitor OPB-111077","code":"C116873","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of one or more signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein(s), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, OPB-111077 binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of STATs. This prevents binding of STATs to DNA sequences on a variety of STAT-responsive gene promoters, which may result in the inhibition of both STAT-mediated transcription and tumor cell proliferation. STATs are constitutively activated in a variety of cancers and play a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OPB-111077","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT Inhibitor OPB-111077","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STAT Inhibitor OPB-111077","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446660"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742040"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742040"}]}}{"C151994":{"preferredName":"STAT3 Inhibitor DSP-0337","code":"C151994","definitions":[{"description":"An orally administered prodrug of napabucasin, a small molecule cancer stemness inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DSP-0337 is converted to its active form, napabucasin. Napabucasin targets and inhibits signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), thereby preventing STAT-3-mediated signaling. The STAT3 pathway is overly active in many cancer types and is implicated in cancer stem cell-mediated growth, recurrence and resistance to conventional chemotherapies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Stemness Inhibitor DSP-0337","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DSP 0337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DSP-0337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Napabucasin Prodrug DSP-0337","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor DSP-0337","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor DSP-0337","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553215"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793774"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793774"}]}}{"C90588":{"preferredName":"STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-31121","code":"C90588","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), with potential antineoplastic activity. OPB-31121 inhibits the phosphorylation of STAT3, which prevents binding of STAT3 to DNA sequences on a variety of STAT3-responsive promoters and may result in the inhibition of STAT3-mediated transcription and, potentially, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. STAT3 is constitutively activated in a variety of cancers, contributing to the loss of cell growth control and neoplastic transformation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OPB-31121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-31121","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-31121","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376190"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570187"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570187"}]}}{"C95889":{"preferredName":"STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-51602","code":"C95889","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), with potential antineoplastic activity. STAT3 inhibitor OPB-51602 inhibits the phosphorylation and thus the activation of STAT3 protein, impeding STAT3 protein from translocating from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and thereby blocking STAT3's regulation of gene expression through direct binding to the promoters of responsive genes. STAT3 regulates the cellular functions that lead to the cancer phenotype, and constitutive activation of STAT3 is observed in a wide range of human cancers, inducing uncontrolled proliferation and neoplastic transformation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OPB-51602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-51602","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-51602","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428286"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684303"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684303"}]}}{"C151932":{"preferredName":"STAT3 Inhibitor TTI-101","code":"C151932","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, binaphthol-sulfonamide-based inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the STAT3 inhibitor TTI-101 specifically targets and binds to the phosphotyrosyl peptide binding site within the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of STAT3. This inhibits the Janus kinase (JAK)-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of STAT3. This impedes nuclear translocation of STAT3, prevents STAT3 binding to responsive gene promoters and blocks STAT3-mediated regulation of gene expression. STAT3 regulates the transcription of genes involved in several cellular functions. STAT3 is constitutively activated in a variety of human cancers and plays a key role in neoplastic transformation, uncontrolled tumor cell proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, metastasis, immune evasion, tumor angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the Warburg effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C188-9","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor C188-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor TTI-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor TTI-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor XIII","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553271"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796468"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796468"}]}}{"C111042":{"preferredName":"STAT3 Inhibitor WP1066","code":"C111042","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of signaling transducer and activator 3 (STAT3), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon administration, STAT3 inhibitor WP1066 blocks the intranuclear translocation of p-STAT, thereby suppressing STAT3 signaling and decreasing the levels of downstream products including c-Myc. Additionally, WP1066 may upregulate costimulatory molecules including CD80 and CD86 on human microglia, and reverse glioma cancer stem cell (gCSC)-mediated innate and adaptive immune suppression allowing for the restoration of antitumor effector immune responses. The STAT3 pathway is overly active in many cancer types and is implicated in CSC-mediated growth, recurrence and resistance to conventional chemotherapies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S,E)-3-(6-Bromopyridin-2-yl)-2-cyano-N-(1-phenylethyl)acrylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor WP1066","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor WP1066","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WP 1066","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"WP 1066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WP-1066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WP1066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1957161"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"857064-38-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"63V8AIE65T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751888"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751888"}]}}{"C132258":{"preferredName":"STING Agonist MK-1454","code":"C132258","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) and agonist of stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral (IT) administration, STING agonist MK-1454 binds to STING and activates the STING pathway, which promotes IKK-related kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) signaling and activates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment; this leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs). Specifically, expression of IFN-beta (IFNb) enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens by CD8alpha-positive and CD103-positive dendritic cells (DCs) to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in a CTL-mediated immune response against tumor cells and causes tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MK 1454","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-1454","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STING Agonist MK-1454","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STING Agonist MK-1454","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520450"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787239"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787239"}]}}{"C125902":{"preferredName":"STING-activating Cyclic Dinucleotide Agonist MIW815","code":"C125902","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) and agonist of stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, the STING agonist MIW815 binds to STING and stimulates STING-mediated pathways. This activates the immune response through the activation of certain immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), which induces the expression of cytokines and chemokines, and leads to an antigen-specific T-cell mediated immune response against cancer cells. STING, a transmembrane protein that activates immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, plays a key role in the activation of the innate immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADU-S100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDN Agonist ADU-S100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIW815","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STING-activating Cyclic Dinucleotide Agonist MIW815","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504551"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778826"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778826"}]}}{"C1706":{"preferredName":"Sabarubicin","code":"C1706","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disaccharide analogue of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Sabarubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also induces apoptosis through a p53-independent mechanism. Sabarubicin is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(7S,9S)-7-{(4-O-(3-Amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)-2,6-dideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy}-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxyacetyl)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrotetracene-5,12-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-195615","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN-10755","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MEN-10755","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SABARUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sabarubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0664590"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"211100-13-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XS499WOZ93"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42684"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42684"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H37NO13"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MEN-10755"}]}}{"C102783":{"preferredName":"Sacituzumab Govitecan","code":"C102783","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody drug conjugate containing the humanized monoclonal antibody, hRS7, against tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (TACSTD2 or TROP2) and linked to the active metabolite of irinotecan, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38), with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of sacituzumab govitecan selectively binds to TROP2. After internalization and proteolytic cleavage, SN-38 selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, resulting in DNA breaks that inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptosis. TROP2, also known as epithelial glycoprotein-1 (EGP-1), is a transmembrane calcium signal transducer that is overexpressed by a variety of human epithelial carcinomas; this antigen is involved in the regulation of cell-cell adhesion and its expression is associated with increased cancer growth, aggressiveness and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMMU-132","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RS7-SN38","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SACITUZUMAB GOVITECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sacituzumab Govitecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sacituzumab Govitecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hRS7-SN38 Antibody Drug Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640943"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M9BYU8XDQ6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736415"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736415"}]}}{"C162629":{"preferredName":"Sacubitril/Valsartan","code":"C162629","definitions":[{"description":"A combination of sacubitril and valsartan with natriuretic and anti-hypertensive properties. Upon administration, sacubitril is metabolized by esterases to its active metabolite, LBQ657 (sacubitrilat), which inhibits neprilysin, a neutral endopeptidase that cleaves natriuretic peptides such as atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and c-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), as well as certain vasoconstricting peptides including as angiotensin I and II, and endothelin-1. Inhibition of neprilysin leads to increased concentrations of endogenous natriuretic peptides, which function to activate downstream receptors that promote vasodilation, natriuresis and diuresis, while simultaneously increasing the concentration of vasoconstricting peptides such as angiotensin II. Co-administration with valsartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, prevents the vasoconstrictive effects of neprilysin inhibition and promotes a decrease in vascular resistance and blood pressure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(1-Biphenyl-4-ylmethyl-3-ethoxycarbonyl-1-butylcarbamoyl)propionate-3'-methyl-2'-(pentanoyl(2'-(tetrazol-5-ylate)biphenyl-4'-ylmethyl)amino)butyrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Valine, N-(1-oxopentyl)-N-((2'-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl)methyl)-, compd. with alpha-ethyl(alphaR,gammaS)-gamma-((3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)amino)-alpha-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-pentanoate, sodium salt, hydrate (2:2:6:5)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCZ 696","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCZ-696","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCZ696","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SACUBITRIL VALSARTAN SODIUM HYDRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sacubitril Mixture With Valsartan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sacubitril-Valsartan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sacubitril/Valsartan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sacubitril/Valsartan Sodium Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trisodium (3-(1-biphenyl-4-ylmethyl-3-ethoxycarbonyl-1-butylcarbamoyl)propionate-3'-methyl-2'-(pentanoyl(2'-(tetrazol-5-ylate)biphenyl-4'-ylmethyl)amino)butyrate) hemipentahydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"936623-90-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WB8FT61183"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1568":{"preferredName":"Safingol","code":"C1568","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called protein kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A saturated derivative of sphingosine. As an inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), safingol competitively binds to the regulatory phorbol-binding domain of PKC, a kinase involved in tumorigenesis. This agent has been shown to act synergistically with other chemotherapeutic agents and may potentiate chemotherapy drug-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S,3S)-2-Amino-1,3-Octadecanediol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kynacyte","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-(-)-threo-Sphingnine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Threo-Dihydrosphingosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Threo-Dihydrosphingosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-threo-2-Amino-1,3-octadecanediol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-threo-dihydrosphingosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SAFINGOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SPC-100270","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Safingol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Safingol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Safingol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Safingol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sphinganine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"safingol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"714503"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281466"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"15639-50-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OWA98U788S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41910"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41910"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H39NO2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dihydrosphingosine"}]}}{"C61072":{"preferredName":"Sagopilone","code":"C61072","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the substance epothilone that is made in the laboratory. It is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Epothilone ZK2219477 stops the growth of tumor cells by blocking cell division. It is a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully synthetic low-molecular-weight epothilone with potential antineoplastic activity. Sagopilone binds to tubulin and induces microtubule polymerization while stabilizing microtubules against depolymerization, which may result in the inhibition of cell division, the induction of G2/M arrest, and apoptosis. The agent is not a substrate for the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump and so may exhibit activity in multidrug-resistant (MDR) tumors. The epothilone class of metabolites was originally isolated from the myxobacterium Solangium cellulosum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,3S,7S,10R,11S,12S,16R)-7,11-dihydroxy-8,8,12,16-tetramethyl-3-(2-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-5-yl)-10-(prop-2-enyl)-4,17-dioxabicyclo(14.1.0)heptadecane-5,9-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DE-03757","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epothilone ZK219477","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAGOPILONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SH-Y03757A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sagopilone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sagopilone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZK-219477","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZK-EPO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZK-Epothilone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"epothilone ZK219477","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2355512"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"305841-29-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KY72JU32FO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615854"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615854"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H41NO6S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ZK219477"}]}}{"C71146":{"preferredName":"Salirasib","code":"C71146","definitions":[{"description":"A salicylic acid derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Salirasib dislodges all Ras isoforms from their membrane-anchoring sites, thereby preventing activation of RAS signaling cascades that mediated cell proliferation, differentiation, and senescence. RAS signaling is believed to be abnormally activated in one-third of human cancers, including cancers of the pancreas, colon, lung and breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(((2E,6E)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienyl)sulfanyl)benzoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Farnesylthiosalicylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SALIRASIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Salirasib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Salirasib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0297001"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"162520-00-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MZH0OM550M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573226"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H30O2S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Salirasib"}]}}{"C2556":{"preferredName":"Salmonella VNP20009","code":"C2556","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically modified Salmonella bacterium that is injected into the tumor. It is being studied for its ability to shrink solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A genetically stable Salmonella typhimurium strain, attenuated by chromosomal deletion of the purI and msbB genes, with tumor-targeting activity. In rodent models, salmonella VNP20009 has been shown to selectively accumulate and grow in a variety of tumor types, inhibiting the growth of primary and metastatic tumors. This agent may be genetically engineered to contain transgenes that express therapeutic agents or cell surface tumor-associated antigen-specific antibodies, such as CEA-specific antibodies, which may improve its tumor targeting and therapeutic potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Auxotrophic Lipid A S. Typhimurium mutant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Live, Attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salmonella VNP20009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VNP 20009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VNP20009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879622"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37800"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37800"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"VNP20009"}]}}{"C97663":{"preferredName":"Sam68 Modulator CWP232291","code":"C97663","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and prodrug of CWP232204 targeting Src associated in mitosis, of 68 kDa (Sam68 or KHDRBS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. CWP232291 is converted in serum into its active form CWP232204 which binds to Sam68, thereby resulting in the induction of apoptosis in selective cancer cells. Due to the multimodular structure of Sam68, the apoptosis mediated by CWP232204-Sam68 interaction can attribute from 1) activation of transcription factor NF-kB induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha signaling, 2) alternative splicing of BCL-2 apoptosis gene, driving the balance towards pro-apoptotic as opposed to anti-apoptotic isoforms, 3) down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic protein survivin via Wnt signaling. Sam68, a KH domain RNA-binding protein belonging to the signal transduction and activation of RNA (STAR) family, plays a key role in various cellular processes including cell cycle progression and apoptosis; it is upregulated in many types of cancer cells and its expression is associated with increased cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CWP232291","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sam68 Modulator CWP232291","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sam68 Modulator CWP232291","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430318"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"706549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"706549"}]}}{"C77891":{"preferredName":"Samalizumab","code":"C77891","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human immunosuppressive molecule CD200 (OX-2) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Samalizumab binds to CD200, blocking the binding of CD200 to its receptor, CD200R, present on cells of the macrophage lineage; inhibition of CD200 may augment the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) mediated immune response against CD200-expressing tumor cells. CD200 is a type 1a transmembrane protein, related to the B7 family of co-stimulatory receptors, and is upregulated on the surface of multiple hematologic malignant cells; this transmembrane protein appears to be involved in the downregulation of a Th1 (helper T cell) immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALXN6000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-(CD200 (Antigen)) (Human-mouse Monoclonal ALXN6000 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-mouse Monoclonal ALXN6000 Kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAMALIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Samalizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Samalizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383569"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1073059-33-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"64EUX713G6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593933"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593933"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD200_Monoclonal_Antibody_ALXN6000"}]}}{"C165558":{"preferredName":"Samarium Sm 153-DOTMP","code":"C165558","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate composed of the phosphonic acid chelator DOTMP (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetramethylenephosphonic acid) conjugated to the beta- and gamma-emitting radioisotope samarium Sm 153, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of samarium Sm 153-DOTMP, the DOTMP moiety targets and binds to growing bone, thereby selectively delivering samarium Sm 153-mediated cytotoxic radiation to bone tumor and metastases, which may help destroy bone metastases and mitigate pain from bone metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"153 Sm-DOTMP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"153Sm-DOTMP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CycloSam","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Samarium Sm 153-DOTMP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sm-153-1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetra(methylene)phosphonic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sm-153-1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrayltetrakis(methylene)tetrakisphosphonic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sm-153-DOTMP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799673"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799673"}]}}{"C121817":{"preferredName":"Samotolisib","code":"C121817","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of certain class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) isoforms and mammalian target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Samotolisib inhibits both certain PI3K isoforms and mTOR in an ATP-competitive manner which may inhibit both the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway in and proliferation of tumor cells overexpressing PI3K and/or mTOR. The PI3K/mTOR pathway is upregulated in a variety of tumor cells and plays a key role in promoting cancer cell proliferation, and survival, motility and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated in a PI3K-independent fashion; therefore, this agent may be more potent than an agent that inhibits either PI3K or mTOR alone. In addition, LY3023414 may inhibit DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), thereby inhibiting the ability of tumor cells to repair damaged DNA. DNA-PK is activated upon DNA damage and plays a key role in repairing double-stranded DNA breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-Imidazo(4,5-C)quinolin-2-one, 1,3-Dihydro-8-(5-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-3-pyridinyl)-1-((2S)-2-methoxypropyl)-3-methyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3023414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3023414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3023414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor LY3023414","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SAMOTOLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Samotolisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10889","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446628"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1386874-06-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C88817F47Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C64541":{"preferredName":"Sapacitabine","code":"C64541","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pyrimidine analogue prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Sapacitabine is hydrolyzed by amidases to the deoxycytosine analogue CNDAC (2'-Cyano-2'-deoxyarabinofuranosylcytosine), which is then phosphorylated into the active triphosphate form. As an analogue of deoxycytidine triphosphate, CNDAC triphosphate incorporates into DNA strands during replication, resulting in single-stranded DNA breaks during polymerization due to beta-elimination during the fidelity checkpoint process; cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase and apoptosis ensue. The unmetabolized prodrug may exhibit antineoplastic activity as well.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CS-682","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYC682","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(1-(2-Cyano-2-deoxy-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-4-yl)-hexadecanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAPACITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sapacitabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sapacitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0764827"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"151823-14-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W335P73C3L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513165"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513165"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H42N4O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sapacitabine"}]}}{"C90548":{"preferredName":"Sapanisertib","code":"C90548","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of raptor-mTOR (TOR complex 1 or TORC1) and rictor-mTOR (TOR complex 2 or TORC2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Sapanisertib binds to and inhibits both TORC1 and TORC2 complexes of mTOR, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. TORC1 and 2 are upregulated in some tumors and play an important role in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which is frequently dysregulated in human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INK-128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INK128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN-0128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN0128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAPANISERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sapanisertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sapanisertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983747"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1224844-38-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JGH0DF1U03"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665687"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665687"}]}}{"C77887":{"preferredName":"Sapitinib","code":"C77887","definitions":[{"description":"An erbB receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. erbB kinase inhibitor AZD8931 binds to and inhibits erbB tyrosine receptor kinases, which may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis in tumors expressing erbB. The erbB protein family, also called the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(4-((4-((3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)amino)-7-methoxyquinazolin-6-yl)oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-n-methylacetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD8931","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ErbB Kinase Inhibitor AZD8931","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAPITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sapitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703086"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"848942-61-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3499328002"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593099"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593099"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H25ClFN5O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ErbB_Kinase_Inhibitor_AZD8931"}]}}{"C963":{"preferredName":"SarCNU","code":"C963","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An alkylating chloroethylnitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Selectively accumulating in some tumor cells, SarCNU forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in DNA, causing depurination, base pair miscoding, strand scission, and DNA-DNA cross-linking, which may result in cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Chloroethyl-3-Sarcosinamide-1-Nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SarCNU","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SarCNU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sarCNU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sarcosinamide nitrosourea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"364432"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0045644"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"92891-93-5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43325"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43325"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SarCNU"}]}}{"C48378":{"preferredName":"Saracatinib","code":"C48378","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. AZD0530 blocks enzymes needed for cancer growth. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally available 5-, 7-substituted anilinoquinazoline with anti-invasive and anti-tumor activities. Saracatinib is a dual-specific inhibitor of Src and Abl, protein tyrosine kinases that are overexpressed in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. This agent binds to and inhibits these tyrosine kinases and affects cell motility, cell migration, adhesion, invasion, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Specifically, Saracatinib inhibits Src kinase-mediated osteoclast bone resorption.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Quinazolinamine, N-(5-chloro-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-7-[2-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)ethoxy]-5-[(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)oxy]-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD0530","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AZD0530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5-Chloro-1,3-Benzodioxol-4-Yl)-7-(2-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)Ethoxy)-5-((Oxan-4-yl)Oxy)Quinazolin-4-Amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARACATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SRC Kinase Inhibitor AZD0530","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Saracatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Saracatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"735464"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2828242"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"379231-04-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9KD24QGH76"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453588"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453588"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H32ClN5O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AZD0530"}]}}{"C95224":{"preferredName":"Saracatinib Difumarate","code":"C95224","definitions":[{"description":"The difumarate salt of saracatinib, an orally available 5-, 7-substituted anilinoquinazoline with anti-invasive and anti-tumor activities. Saracatinib is a dual-specific inhibitor of Src and Abl, protein tyrosine kinases that are overexpressed in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. This agent binds to and inhibits these tyrosine kinases and affects cell motility, cell migration, adhesion, invasion, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Specifically, Saracatinib inhibits Src kinase-mediated osteoclast bone resorption.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Quinazolinamine, N-(5-Chloro-1,3-Benzodioxol-4-yl)-7-(2-(4-Methyl-1-Piperazinyl)Ethoxy)-5-((Tetrahydro-2H-Pyran-4-yl)Oxy)-, (2e)-2-Butenedioate (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-0530 Difumarate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD0530 Difumarate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5-Chloro-1,3-Benzodioxol-4-yl)-7-(2-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)Ethoxy)-5-(Tetrahydro-2H-Pyran-4-yloxy)Quinazolin-4-Amine Di((2e)-but-2-Enedioate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARACATINIB DIFUMARATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Saracatinib Difumarate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987006"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"893428-72-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8R1DYT4EAW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H32ClN5O5.2C4H4O4"}]}}{"C1673":{"preferredName":"Sardomozide","code":"C1673","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A methylglyoxal-bis(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG) derivative with potential antineoplastic and antiviral properties. Sardomozide selectively binds to and inhibits S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC), an enzyme essential for the biosynthesis of polyamines, such as spermine and spermidine that bind to DNA and play critical roles in cell division, cell differentiation and membrane function. By inhibiting SAMDC, sardomozide reduces the intracellular polyamine concentration, thereby interfering with cell growth and differentiation. In addition, this agent also exhibits anti-HIV effect via suppressing expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF-5A), which is essential for retroviral replication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[4-(Aminoiminomethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene]hydrazinecarboximidamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2-[4-(Aminoiminomethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene]hydrazinecarboximidamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amidinoindan-1-one.2'-amidinohydrazone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP 48664","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CGP-48664","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAM 486A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARDOMOZIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sardomozide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0960654"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"149400-88-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CEB05S0B9I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42601"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42601"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H14N6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sardomozide"}]}}{"C1492":{"preferredName":"Sargramostim","code":"C1492","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that helps make more white blood cells, especially granulocytes, macrophages, and cells that become platelets. It is a cytokine that is a type of hematopoietic (blood-forming) agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent chemically identical to endogenous human GM-CSF except a leucine substitution in position 23. Binding to specific cell surface receptors, sargramostim modulates the proliferation and differentiation of a variety of hematopoietic progenitor cells with some specificity towards stimulation of leukocyte production and may reverse treatment-induced neutropenias. This agent also promotes antigen presentation, up-regulates antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and increases interleukin-2-mediated lymphokine-activated killer cell function; it may also augment host antitumoral immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"23-L-Leucinecolony-Stimulating Factor 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DRG-0012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prokine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARGRAMOSTIM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sagramostim","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sargramostatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sargramostim","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sargramostim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhu GM-CFS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sargramostim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0216231"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123774-72-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Melanoma; Neutropenia-chemotherapy induced"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5TAA004E22"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40566"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40566"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sargramostim"}]}}{"C1493":{"preferredName":"Satraplatin","code":"C1493","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of prostate and other types of cancer. It contains the metal platinum and may kill cancer cells by damaging their DNA and stopping them from dividing. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally administered third generation platinum compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Satraplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes which bind to nucleophilic groups in DNA, inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links. These cross-links result in cell growth inhibition and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(OC-6-43)-bis(acetato)amminedichloro(cyclohexylamine)platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(OC-6-43)-bis(acetato-O)amminedichloro(cyclohexanamine)platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-182751","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BMY-45594","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JM 216","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"JM-216","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orplatna","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SATRAPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Satraplatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Satraplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"platinum,bis(acetato-O)amminedichloro(cyclohexanamine)-,(OC-6-43)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"satraplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1142934"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"129580-63-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8D7B37T28G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42141"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42141"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H13N.2C2H3O2.2Cl.Pt.H3N"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Satraplatin"}]}}{"C104732":{"preferredName":"Savolitinib","code":"C104732","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Savolitinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activation of c-Met in an ATP-competitive manner, and disrupts c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may result in cell growth inhibition in tumors that overexpress the c-Met protein. C-Met encodes the hepatocyte growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase and plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis; this protein is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 6094","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD6094","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL-504","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAVOLITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Savolitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Volitinib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3642466"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1313725-88-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2A2DA6857R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745761"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745761"}]}}{"C126100":{"preferredName":"Scopoletin","code":"C126100","definitions":[{"description":"A coumarin compound found in several plants including those in the genus Scopolia and the genus Brunfelsia, as well as chicory (Cichorium), redstem wormwood (Artemisia scoparia), stinging nettle (Urtica dioica), passion flower (Passiflora), noni (Morinda citrifolia fruit) and European black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) that is comprised of umbelliferone with a methoxy group substituent at position 6. Scopoletin is used to standardize and establish pharmacokinetic properties for products derived from the plants that produce it, such as noni extract. Although the mechanism(s) of action have not yet been established, this agent has potential antineoplastic, antidopaminergic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-1-Benzopyran-2-One, 7-Hydroxy-6-Methoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2H-1-Benzopyran-2-One, 7-Hydroxy-6-Methoxy- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Methoxyumbelliferone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Methylesculetin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-O-Methylesculetin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxy-5-Methoxycoumarin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxy-6-Methoxychromen-2-One","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxy-6-Methoxycoumarin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chrysatropic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coumarin, 7-Hydroxy-6-Methoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Escopoletin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esculetin-6-Methyl Ether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gelseminic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylesculetin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Murrayetin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scopoletin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Scopoletin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scopoletine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scopoletol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036447"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"92-61-5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17488"}]}}{"C154328":{"preferredName":"Seclidemstat","code":"C154328","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, reversible, noncompetitive inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1, or KDM1A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, seclidemstat reversibly inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone 3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor suppressor genes. This may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, LSD1 demethylates mono- or di-methylated H3K9 which increases gene expression of tumor promoting genes; inhibition of LSD1 promotes H3K9 methylation and decreases transcription of these genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LSD1 Inhibitor SP-2577","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SP 2577","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SP-2577","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SP2577","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seclidemstat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seclidemstat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555222"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794410"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794410"}]}}{"C1576":{"preferredName":"Sedoxantrone Trihydrochloride","code":"C1576","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Sedoxantrone trihydrochloride binds to DNA and stops cells, including cancer cells, from repairing damage to DNA and from making more DNA, RNA, and protein. It is a type of DNA intercalator.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The trihydrochloride salt of the anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic sedoxantrone with potential antineoplastic activity. Sedoxantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-(1)Benzothiopyrano(4,3,2-cd)indazol-8-ol, 5-((2-aminoethyl)amino)-2-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-, Trihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI 958","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-958","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CI-958","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEDOXANTRONE TRIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ledoxantrone Trihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sedoxantrone Trihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sedoxantrone trihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"635371"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281727"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"119221-49-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X9GSL37ED0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42217"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H27N5OS.3ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sedoxantrone_Trihydrochloride"}]}}{"C111764":{"preferredName":"Selatinib Ditosilate","code":"C111764","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable ditosilate salt form of selatinib, an analog of the quinazoline lapatinib and dual inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (ErbB-2 or HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, selatinib reversibly blocks phosphorylation of both EGFR and ErbB2, thereby suppressing tumor growth in EGFR/ErbB-2-overexpressing tumor cells. The tyrosine kinases EGFR and ErbB2 have been implicated in the growth of various tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Selatinib Ditosilate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454151"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753197"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753197"}]}}{"C137950":{"preferredName":"Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator RAD140","code":"C137950","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, non-steroidal selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM), with potential tissue-selective androgenic/anti-androgenic activities. Upon oral administration, SARM RAD140 acts as an agonist in select tissues, such as skeletal muscle and bone, where it binds to and activates androgen receptors (ARs). In the prostate and breasts, RAD140 acts as an antagonist and blocks AR activation and AR-mediated cellular proliferation. Therefore, this agent may improve bone formation and muscle mass and strength, and may inhibit both the growth of the prostate in males and AR-dependent breast cancer cell proliferation. Compared to anabolic agents, SARMs have reduced androgenic properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RAD 140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAD-140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAD140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARM RAD140","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator RAD140","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator RAD140","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testolone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524969"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790616"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790616"}]}}{"C2210":{"preferredName":"Selective Cytokine Inhibitory Drug CC-1088","code":"C2210","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is similar but not identical to thalidomide. CC-1088 belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An analog of thalidomide with potential antineoplastic activity that belongs to the functional class of agents called selective cytokine inhibitory drugs (SelCIDs). SelCIDs inhibit phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE 4), an enzyme involved in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) production. CC-1088 inhibits production of the cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (a pro-angiogenic factor) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-1088","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CC-1088","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Cytokine Inhibitory Drug CC-1088","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879595"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38051"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38051"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CC-1088"}]}}{"C122834":{"preferredName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9496","code":"C122834","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SERD AZD9496 binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in the degradation of the receptor. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-3-(3,5-Difluoro-4-((1R,3R)-2-(2-fluoro-2-methylpropyl)-3-methyl-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)phenyl)acrylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD 9496","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-9496","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AZD-9496","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD9496","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD AZD9496","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9496","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9496","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053676"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DA9P7LN909"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764993"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764993"}]}}{"C160603":{"preferredName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9833","code":"C160603","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SERD AZD9833 binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in the degradation of the receptor. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 9833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-9833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD9833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD AZD9833","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9833","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9833","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799429"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799429"}]}}{"C128280":{"preferredName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LSZ102","code":"C128280","definitions":[{"description":"An selective estrogen receptor (ER) degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of LSZ102, this agent binds to the ER and induces the degradation of the receptor. This prevents ER activation and ER-mediated signaling, and inhibits the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LSZ 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LSZ102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD LSZ 102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD LSZ102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LSZ102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LSZ102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507934"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782046"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782046"}]}}{"C120037":{"preferredName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader SRN-927","code":"C120037","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD SRN-927 specifically binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in the degradation of the receptor. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SERD SRN-927","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRN-927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader SRN-927","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader SRN-927","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896765"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767384"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767384"}]}}{"C38711":{"preferredName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator CC-8490","code":"C38711","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of brain cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called benzopyrans.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benzopyran with potential antineoplastic activity. CC-8490 acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), inhibiting the proliferation of estrogen-sensitive breast cancer cells. This agent also inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of glioblastoma cells via a mechanism independent of estrogen receptor-related mechanisms. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-8490","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CC-8490","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPC8490","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator CC-8490","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328106"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346082"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346082"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CC-8490"}]}}{"C61494":{"preferredName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator TAS-108","code":"C61494","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, antiestrogenic steroidal compound with potential antitumor activity. TAS-108 binds to and inhibits estrogenic receptor alpha (ERa), mainly expressed in the mammary gland and uterus and upregulated in estrogen-dependent tumors. Blockage of ERa by TAS-108 prevents the binding and effects of estrogen and may lead to an inhibition of estrogen-dependent cancer cell proliferation. TAS-108 also is a partial agonist of the estrogenic receptor beta (ERb), expressed in many tissues including the central nervous system, urogenital tract, bone and cardiovascular system, thereby exerting a positive effect on these tissues. In addition, TAS-108 activates the co-repressor Silencing Mediator for Retinoid and Thyroid hormone receptor (SMRT), a protein that inhibits the activities of the estrogen receptors, which may contribute to the antitumor activity of TAS-108.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(7)-21-[4-[(diethylamino)methyl]-2-methoxyphenoxy]-7-methyl-19-norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-3-ol 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR 16234","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"SR16234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator TAS-108","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1435232"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"354808-47-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486347"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486347"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"TAS-108"}]}}{"C153309":{"preferredName":"Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist CORT125281","code":"C153309","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CORT125281 competitively and selectively binds to GRs, inhibiting the activation of GR-mediated proliferative and anti-apoptotic gene expression pathways. The GR, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors, is overexpressed in certain tumor types and may be associated with tumor cell proliferation and treatment resistance. Inhibition of GR activity may potentially slow tumor cell growth and disease progression in certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CORT 125281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CORT-1252","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CORT125281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist CORT125281","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist CORT125281","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist CORT125281","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554423"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794071"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794071"}]}}{"C150363":{"preferredName":"Selective Human Estrogen-receptor Alpha Partial Agonist TTC-352","code":"C150363","definitions":[{"description":"A benzothiophene and orally bioavailable selective human estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha; ESR1; ERa) partial agonist (ShERPA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TTC-352 mimics the naturally-occurring 17beta-estradiol (E2) and targets and binds to ERa located in the nucleus. This causes translocation of ERa to extranuclear sites. Nuclear export of ERa prevents normal ER-mediated signaling and inhibits proliferation of ER-positive tumor cells. TTC-352 causes tumor regression of tamoxifen (TAM)-resistant (TR) tumor cells which often overexpress protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha; PKCa). PKCa expression is associated with poor patient survival and breast cancer aggressiveness and may predict tumor responses to E2, E2-like compounds and ShERPAs. Unlike E2 and E2-like compounds, TTC-352 does not cause endometrial proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)benzo[b]thiophen-6-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERa Partial Agonist TTC-352","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEM TTC-352","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Mimic TTC-352","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Modulator TTC-352","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Human Estrogen-receptor Alpha Partial Agonist TTC-352","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selective Human Estrogen-receptor Alpha Partial Agonist TTC-352","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ShERPA TTC-352","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTC 352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTC-352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552181"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793141"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793141"}]}}{"C62783":{"preferredName":"Seliciclib","code":"C62783","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential apoptotic and antineoplastic activity. CDKs, serine/threonine kinases that play an important role in cell cycle regulation, are overexpressed in various malignancies. Seliciclib primarily inhibits CDK 2, 7, and 9 by competing for the ATP binding sites on these kinases, leading to a disruption of cell cycle progression. In addition, this agent seems to interfere with CDK-mediated phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II, thereby inhibiting RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription. This may lead to the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic factors, such as myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (Mcl-1), a protein crucial for the survival of a range of tumor cell types. The down-regulation of anti-apoptotic factors may lead to an induction of apoptosis, thereby further contributing to seliciclib's antiproliferative effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYC202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-roscovitine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELICICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Seliciclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seliciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1436187"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"186692-46-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0ES1C2KQ94"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"511023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"511023"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H26N6O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Seliciclib"}]}}{"C119740":{"preferredName":"Selicrelumab","code":"C119740","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody agonist of the cell surface receptor CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Similar to the endogenous CD40 ligand (CD40L or CD154), CD40 agonist monoclonal antibody RO7009789 binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This triggers the cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and activates B-cells and T-cells, resulting in an enhanced immune response. RO7009789 also binds to and activates CD40 present on the surfaces of some solid tumor cells, leading to apoptosis and decreased tumor growth. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on various immune cells and certain cancer cells; it mediates both indirect tumor cell killing through the activation of the immune system and direct tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RO7009789","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELICRELUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selicrelumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selicrelumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896775"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0O39RGI33V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767014"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767014"}]}}{"C102546":{"preferredName":"Selinexor","code":"C102546","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of CRM1 (chromosome region maintenance 1 protein, exportin 1 or XPO1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Selinexor modifies the essential CRM1-cargo binding residue cysteine-528, thereby irreversibly inactivates CRM1-mediated nuclear export of cargo proteins such as tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs), including p53, p21, BRCA1/2, pRB, FOXO, and other growth regulatory proteins. As a result, this agent, via the approach of selective inhibition of nuclear export (SINE), restores endogenous tumor suppressing processes to selectively eliminate tumor cells while sparing normal cells. CRM1, the major export factor for proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenoic Acid, 3-(3-(3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-, 2-(2-Pyrazinyl)hydrazide, (2Z)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRM1 Nuclear Export Inhibitor KPT-330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KPT-330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELINEXOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SINE KPT-330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export KPT-330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selinexor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selinexor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xpovio","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640806"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1393477-72-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multiple myeloma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"31TZ62FO8F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734824"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734824"}]}}{"C138160":{"preferredName":"Selitrectinib","code":"C138160","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LOXO-195 specifically targets and binds to TRK, including the fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1 (NTRK1), 2 (NTRK2), and 3 (NTRK3). This prevents neurotrophin-TRK interaction and TRK activation, which results in both the induction of cellular apoptosis and the inhibition of cell growth in tumors that overexpress TRK and/or express NTRK fusion proteins. LOXO-195 targets specific point mutations that occur after treatment with and result in acquired resistance to another TRK inhibitor; therefore, LOXO-195 is able to overcome acquired resistance to other TRK inhibitors. TRK, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) activated by neurotrophins, is encoded by NTRK family genes. The expression of either mutated forms of or fusion proteins involving NTRK family members results in uncontrolled TRK signaling and plays an important role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(13E,14E,22R,6R)-35-fluoro-6-methyl-7-aza-1(5,3)-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidina-3(3,2)-pyridina-2(1,2)-pyrrolidinacyclooctaphan-8-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 2731954","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO 195","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO-195","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO195","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELITRECTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selitrectinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK Inhibitor LOXO-195","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525677"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0J45910S3X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790661"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790661"}]}}{"C121943":{"preferredName":"Selonsertib","code":"C121943","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), with potential anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic and anti-fibrotic activities. Upon oral administration, selonsertib targets and binds to the catalytic kinase domain of ASK1 in an ATP-competitive manner, thereby preventing its phosphorylation and activation. This prevents the phosphorylation of downstream kinases, such as c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). By preventing the activation of ASK1-dependent signal transduction pathways, GS-4997 prevents the production of inflammatory cytokines, down-regulates the expression of genes involved in fibrosis, suppresses excessive apoptosis and inhibits cellular proliferation. ASK1, also called mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 (MAP3K5), is activated in response to oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, calcium influx and infection. It plays a key role in the development of certain cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, as well as certain types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GS-4997","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELONSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selonsertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selonsertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053640"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NS3988A2TC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"773700"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"773700"}]}}{"C134987":{"preferredName":"Selpercatinib","code":"C134987","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of wild-type, mutant and fusion products involving the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, selpercatinib selectively binds to and targets various RET mutants and RET-containing fusion products. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumors cells that exhibit increased RET activity. RET overexpression, activating mutations, and fusions result in the upregulation and/or overactivation of RET tyrosine kinase activity in various cancer cell types; dysregulation of RET activity plays a key role in the development and progression of these cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LOXO-292","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RET Inhibitor LOXO-292","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RET Kinase Inhibitor LOXO-292","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELPERCATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selpercatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522497"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2152628-33-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CEGM9YBNGD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C66939":{"preferredName":"Selumetinib","code":"C66939","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. AZD6244 blocks proteins needed for cell growth and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of protein kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active, small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Selumetinib is an ATP-independent inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK or MAPK/ERK kinase) 1 and 2. MEK 1 and 2 are dual specificity kinases that are essential mediators in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, are often upregulated in various cancer cells, and are drivers of diverse cellular responses, including proliferation. Inhibition of both MEK1 and 2 by selumetinib prevents the activation of MEK1/2 dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, thereby leading to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in various cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARRY-142886","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD6244","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AZD6244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor AZD6244","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK inhibitor AZD6244","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SELUMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selumetinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selumetinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832054"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"606143-52-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6UH91I579U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"532294"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"532294"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H15BrClFN4O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AZD6244"}]}}{"C95225":{"preferredName":"Selumetinib Sulfate","code":"C95225","definitions":[{"description":"The sulfate salt of selumetinib, an orally active, small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Selumetinib is an ATP-independent inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK or MAPK/ERK kinase) 1 and 2. MEK 1 and 2 are dual specificity kinases that are essential mediators in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, are often upregulated in various cancer cells, and are drivers of diverse cellular responses, including proliferation. Inhibition of both MEK1 and 2 by selumetinib prevents the activation of MEK1/2 dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, thereby leading to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in various cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Benzimidazole-6-Carboxamide, 5-((4-Bromo-2-Chlorophenyl)Amino)-4-Fluoro-N-(2- Hydroxyethoxy)-1-Methyl-, Sulfate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1h-Benzimidazole-6-Carboxamide,5-((4-Bromo-2-Chlorophenyl)Amino)-4-Fluoro-N-(2- Hydroxyethoxy)-1-Methyl-, Sulphate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-((4-Bromo-2-Chlorophenyl)amino)-4-Fluoro-N-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)-1-Methyl-1H- Benzimidazole-6-Carboxamide Sulfate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-((4-Bromo-2-Chlorophenyl)amino)-4-Fluoro-N-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)-1-Methyl-1H- Benzimidazole-6-Carboxamide Sulphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-6244 Hydrogen Sulfate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD6244 Hydrogen Sulfate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD6244 Hydrogen Sulphate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELUMETINIB SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selumetinib Sulfate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selumetinib Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selumetinib Sulphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987007"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"943332-08-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"807ME4B7IJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792495"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792495"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H15BrClFN4O3.H2O4S"}]}}{"C1831":{"preferredName":"Semaxanib","code":"C1831","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that has been studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A quinolone derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Semaxanib reversibly inhibits ATP binding to the tyrosine kinase domain of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), which may inhibit VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell migration and proliferation and reduce the tumor microvasculature. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of the stem cell factor receptor tyrosine kinase c-kit, often expressed in acute myelogenous leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H-Indol-2-one, 3-((3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)-1,3-dihydro-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEMAXANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SU 5416","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"SU5416","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SU5416","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Semaxanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Semaxanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Semoxind","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sugen 5416","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"semaxanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"696819"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1135174"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"194413-58-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"71IA9S35AJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43310"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43310"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H14N2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Semaxanib"}]}}{"C78447":{"preferredName":"Semuloparin","code":"C78447","definitions":[{"description":"An ultralow-molecular-weight heparin (ULMWH) (Mw: 2000-3000 daltons)consisting of a polydisperse mixture of oligomeric heparin fragments with potential anticoagulant activity. Ultralow-molecular-weight heparin AVE5026 binds to and activates antithrombin III (ATIII), which may result in the inhibition of activated factor Xa and, to a much lesser extent, factor IIa (thrombin) and so the inhibition of fibrin formation. Compared to low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), AVE5026 exhibits an even higher ratio of anti-Factor Xa to anti-Factor IIa activity (>30:1). Compared to unfractionated heparins, the use of LMWHs is associated with lower incidences of major bleeding, osteoporosis and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Like LMWHs, this agent may inhibit tumor growth by regulating angiogenesis and apoptosis. AVE5026 is prepared by partial depolymerization of unfractionated porcine mucosal heparin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVE-5026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVE5026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEMULOPARIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Semuloparin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Semuloparin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ULMW heparin AVE5026","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultra-low-molecular-weight Heparin (2000-3000 MW; Phosphazene Depolymerization)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultralow-Molecular-Weight Heparin AVE5026","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700104"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9005-49-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4QW4AN84NQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599247"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ultralow-Molecular-Weight_Heparin_AVE5026"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28304"}]}}{"C827":{"preferredName":"Semustine","code":"C827","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A methylated derivative of carmustine with antineoplastic activity. As an alkylating agent, semustine forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in DNA, causing depurination, base-pair miscoding, strand scission, and DNA-DNA cross-linking, which may result in cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(Trans-4-Methylcyclohexane)-1-Nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(trans-4-methylcyclohexane)-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lomustine, Methyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lomustine, methyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MCCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MeCCNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MeCCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl CCNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Methyl CCNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl Lomustine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Semustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urea, 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitroso-, trans- (8CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Urea, N-(2-chloroethyl)-N'-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-N-nitroso-, trans- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"methyl-CCNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"semustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"trans-Methyl-CCNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"trans-Methyl-CCNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"urea, 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitroso-, trans- (8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"urea, N-(2-chloroethyl)-N'-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-N-nitroso-, trans- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"95441"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036637"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"13909-09-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6YY7T1T567"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43727"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43727"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Semustine"}]}}{"C62524":{"preferredName":"Seneca Valley Virus-001","code":"C62524","definitions":[{"description":"A virus being studied in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors and other types of cancer. Neuroendocrine tumors form from cells that release hormones in response to a signal from the nervous system. The virus infects and breaks down these tumor cells but not normal cells. It is a type of oncolytic virus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A replication-competent oncolytic picornavirus with potential antineoplastic activity. Administered systemically, Seneca Valley virus-001 specifically targets and infects tumor cells with neuroendocrine characteristics. Upon infection, this agent replicates intracellularly, resulting in tumor cell lysis and reduced tumor cell proliferation. The selective tropism of virus replication may involve receptor-mediated internalization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NTX-010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NTX-010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SVV-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Seneca Valley Virus-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seneca Valley Virus-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seneca Valley virus-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL365090"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488482"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488482"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Seneca_Valley_Virus"}]}}{"C26669":{"preferredName":"Seocalcitol","code":"C26669","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called vitamin D analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A vitamin D3 analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Seocalcitol binds to and activates the vitamin D receptor, a cytoplasmic polypeptide expressed in normal vitamin D responsive tissues, but also overexpressed in certain cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. Mediated through vitamin D receptor, this agent induces cancer cell differentiation, inhibits cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis. In addition, seocalcitol may also induce growth arrest and apoptosis independent of vitamin D receptor activation through mechanisms that are not fully elucidated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1R-(1alpha(1R*,2E,4E),3abeta,4E(1R*,3S*,5Z),7aalpha))-5-((1-(6-Ethyl-6-hydroxy-1-methyl-2,4-octadienyl)octahydro-7a-methyl-4H-inden-4-ylidene)ethylidene)-4-methylene-1,3-cyclohexanediol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1(S),3(R)-Dihydroxy-20(R)-(5'-ethyl-5'-hydroxyhepta-1'(E),3'(E)-dien-1'-yl)-9,10-secopregna-5(Z),7(E),10(19)-triene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EB1089","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEOCALCITOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Seocalcitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Seocalcitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"seocalcitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0905598"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"134404-52-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q0OZ0D9223"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"298863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"298863"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H46O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Seocalcitol"}]}}{"C61091":{"preferredName":"Sepantronium Bromide","code":"C61091","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule proapoptotic agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Sepantronium bromide selectively inhibits survivin expression in tumor cells, resulting in inhibition of survivin antiapoptotic activity (via the extrinsic or intrinsic apoptotic pathways) and tumor cell apoptosis. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) gene family, is expressed during embryonal development and is absent in most normal, terminally differentiated tissues; upregulated in a variety of human cancers, its expression in tumors is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, shorter survival times, and a decreased response to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Naphth(2,3-d)imidazolium, 4,9-dihydro-1-(2-methoxyethyl)-2-methyl-4,9-dioxo-3-(pyrazinylmethyl)-, Bromide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEPANTRONIUM BROMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sepantronium Bromide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sepantronium Bromide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Survivin Inhibitor YM155","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM-155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2002939"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"781661-94-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7H5Q4J1CM5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"476771"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"476771"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H19N4O3.Br"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"YM155"}]}}{"C98844":{"preferredName":"Serabelisib","code":"C98844","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) alpha isoform with potential antineoplastic activity. Serabelisib selectively inhibits PI3K alpha kinase, including mutations of PIK3CA, in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K alpha-expressing tumor cells. By specifically targeting class I PI3K alpha, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan PI3K inhibitors. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently found in solid tumors and results in promoting tumor cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; PIK3CA, one of the most highly mutated oncogenes, encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6-(2-Amino-5-benzoxazolyl)imidazo(1,2-a)pyridin-3-yl)-4-morpholinylmethanone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INK1117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN-1117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN1117","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERABELISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Serabelisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Serabelisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK 117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432860"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1268454-23-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"43J9Q56T3W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714372"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714372"}]}}{"C77904":{"preferredName":"Serdemetan","code":"C77904","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable HDM2 antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Serdemetan inhibits the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited, which may result in the restoration of p53 signaling and thus the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2 (human homolog of double minute 2), a zinc finger protein, is a negative regulator of the p53 pathway; often overexpressed in cancer cells, it has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ 26854165","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-26854165","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)ethyl)-n'-(pyridin-4-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERDEMETAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Serdemetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703092"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"881202-45-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ID6YB4W3V8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596734"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596734"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HDM2_Inhibitor_JNJ-26854165"}]}}{"C1763":{"preferredName":"Sergiolide","code":"C1763","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Cedronia granatensis and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sergeolide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sergiolide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sergiolide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"344025"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0624649"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sergiolide"}]}}{"C78859":{"preferredName":"Seribantumab","code":"C78859","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor ErbB3 (Her3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Seribantumab binds to and inhibits ErbB3 activation, which may result in inhibition of ErbB3-dependent PI3K/Akt signaling and so inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation. ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in solid tumors, including breast, lung, and colorectal tumors of epithelial origin; it has no active kinase domain itself but is activated through heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family that do.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MM-121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 256212","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERIBANTUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Seribantumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seribantumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4042753"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1334296-12-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1N3L70MDFX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613844"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613844"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-ErbB3_Receptor_Monoclonal_Antibody_MM-121"}]}}{"C71529":{"preferredName":"Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor CBP501","code":"C71529","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide with G2 checkpoint-abrogating activity. G2 checkpoint inhibitor CBP501 inhibits multiple serine/threonine kinases, including MAPKAP-K2, C-Tak1, and CHK1, that phosphorylate serine 216 of the dual-specific phosphatase Cdc25C (cell division checkpoint 25 C); disruption of Cdc25C activity results in the inhibition of Cdc25C dephosphorylation of the mitotic cyclin-dependent kinase complex Cdc2/cyclin B, preventing entry into the mitotic phase of the cell cycle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CBP 501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBP-501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CBP-501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBP501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cdc25C Phosphatase (211-221)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Arginine, 4-Benzoyl-D-phenylalanyl-D-seryl-D-tryptophyl-D-seryl-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro-D-phenylalanyl-3-cyclohexyl-D-alanyl-D-arginyl-D- arginyl-D-arginyl-D-glutaminyl-D-arginyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor CBP501","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor CBP501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348193"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"565434-85-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XH2662798I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577812"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577812"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Serine_Threonine_Kinase_Inhibitor_CBP501"}]}}{"C68963":{"preferredName":"Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor XL418","code":"C68963","definitions":[{"description":"A selective, orally active small molecule, targeting protein kinase B (PKB or AKT) and ribosomal protein S6 Kinase (p70S6K), with potential antineoplastic activity. XL418 inhibits the activities of PKB and p70S6K, both acting downstream of phosphoinosotide-3 kinase (PI3K). These kinases are often upregulated in a variety of cancers. Inhibition of PKB by this agent will induce apoptosis, while inhibition of p70S6K will result in the inhibition of translation within tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor XL418","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL418","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL374493"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"546978"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"546978"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Serine_Threonine_Kinase_Inhibitor_XL418"}]}}{"C122403":{"preferredName":"Sevacizumab","code":"C122403","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential antiangiogenic activity. Upon administration, sevacizumab specifically binds to and inhibits VEGF, thereby preventing its binding to VEGF receptors (VEGFRs). This prevents VEGF/VEGFR-mediated signaling and inhibits the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and tumor cells. VEGF, overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells, is associated with increased invasiveness and decreased survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sevacizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4054033"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772607"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772607"}]}}{"C113652":{"preferredName":"Seviteronel","code":"C113652","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available non-steroidal, lyase-selective inhibitor of the steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/C17,20 lyase (CYP17A1 or CYP17), with potential anti-androgenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, seviteronel selectively inhibits the enzymatic activity of the cytochrome P450 C17,20 lyase in both the testes and adrenal glands, thereby inhibiting androgen production. This may decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling and may inhibit cell proliferation of androgen-dependent tumor cells. The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17A1, localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, exhibits both 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities; it plays a key role in the steroidogenic pathway. The lyase-selective activity of seviteronel prevents the increased synthesis of mineralocorticoids that is normally seen with non-selective CYP17 inhibitors, which also inhibit the 17-alpha-hydroxylase activity of CYP17A1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-1,2,3-Triazole-5-methanol, Alpha-(6,7-bis(difluoromethoxy)-2-naphthalenyl)-alpha-(1-methylethyl)-, (AlphaS)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEVITERONEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Seviteronel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seviteronel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VT-464","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827068"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1610537-15-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8S5OIN36X4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756850"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756850"}]}}{"C29424":{"preferredName":"Shared Anti-Idiotype-AB-S006","code":"C29424","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody that targets human B-cell lymphomas with potential antineoplastic activity. Shared Anti-Id-Ab-S006 binds to antigens on neoplastic B cells, resulting in tumor cell destruction by the reticuloendothelial system or cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Murine Monoclonal Antibody To Human B Cell Lymphomas (Anti- Idiotypes) (S006)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shared Anti-Idiotype AB-S006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shared Anti-Idiotype-AB-S006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"655532"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519287"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Shared_Anti-Idiotype-AB-S006"}]}}{"C29432":{"preferredName":"Shared Anti-Idiotype-AB-S024A","code":"C29432","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Shared anti-id-Ab-S024A binds to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) on the surface of neoplastic cells resulting in tumor cell destruction by the reticuloendothelial system or cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Shared Anti-Idiotype-AB-S024A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"655540"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519294"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Shared_Anti-Idiotype-AB-S024A"}]}}{"C2318":{"preferredName":"Shark Cartilage","code":"C2318","definitions":[{"description":"A nutritional supplement gleaned from the exoskeleton of the shark. Shark cartilage inhibits metalloproteinases (MMPs) and possesses antiangiogenic and antimetastatic properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BeneFin (Lane Shark Cartilage Powder)","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cartilade","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shark Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"706457"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281563"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304435"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304435"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Shark_Cartilage"}]}}{"C1798":{"preferredName":"Shark Cartilage Extract AE-941","code":"C1798","definitions":[{"description":"A substance made from shark cartilage that is being studied for its ability to prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A multifunctional antiangiogenic agent derived from shark cartilage with potential antineoplastic activity. Shark cartilage extract AE-941 competitively inhibits the binding of pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to its cellular receptor, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), stimulates tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and activates caspase-mediated apoptotic pathways in endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AE-941","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AE-941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neovastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Neovastat","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shark Cartilage Extract AE-941","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Shark Cartilage Extract AE-941","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[AElig]-941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"706456"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963096"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"305838-77-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42021"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42021"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Neovastat"}]}}{"C2690":{"preferredName":"Sho-Saiko-To","code":"C2690","definitions":[{"description":"A Japanese formulation of seven Chinese herbs that is being studied as a treatment for cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A botanical formulation with potential chemopreventive activities. Sho-Saiko-to, an herbal mixture, contains seven herbal extracts whose mechanism of action if not fully understood. There is evidence of antiproliferative effects against hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro. Other effects of this agent described in animal models include the prevention of liver injury and hepatocyte-regenerating activity. Antitumor effects associated with this herbal product may include induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, and activation of an immune response, characterized by the release of cytokines as well as activation of effector cells, such as macrophages and natural killer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Keisho-To","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Minor Bupleurum Formula","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sho-Saiko-To","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sho-saiko-to","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TJ-9","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xiao Chai Hu Tang","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1138004"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38708"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38708"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sho-Saiko-To"}]}}{"C88290":{"preferredName":"Short Chain Fatty Acid HQK-1004","code":"C88290","definitions":[{"description":"A short chain fatty acid (SCFA) with potential herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (HSV-TK)-inducing activity. Upon administration, short chain fatty acid HQK-1004 may induce the expression of thymidine kinase (TK) by a silenced HSV-TK, which may activate a co-administered antiviral prodrug such as ganciclovir, resulting in the destruction of virally-infected cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HQK-1004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCFA HQK-1004","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Short Chain Fatty Acid HQK-1004","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Short Chain Fatty Acid HQK-1004","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413539"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657494"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657494"}]}}{"C120207":{"preferredName":"Shu Yu Wan Formula","code":"C120207","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine comprising different herbs that may be used for a variety of medical purposes. Shu Yu Wan contains the following herbs: Da Zao (Fructus Jujubae), Shu Yu (Radix Dioscoreae Quinquelobae), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Uralensis), Shu Di Huang (Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae Praeparata), Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Shen Qu (Massa Medica Fermentata), Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi Cassiae), Da Dou Juan (Semen Glycines Germinatum), E Jiao (Gelatinum Corii Asini), Ren Shen (Radix Ginseng), Bai Zhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae), Fu Ling (Sclerotium Poriae Cocos), Chuan Xiong (Radix Ligustici Wallichii), Bai Shao Yao (Radix Paeoniae Lactiflorae), Mai Men Dong (Tuber Ophiopogonis Japonici), Chai Hu (Radix Bupleuri), Fang Feng (Radix Ledebouriellae Divaricatae), Jie Geng (Radix Platycodi Grandiflori), Xing Ren (Semen Pruni Armeniacae), Bai Lian (Radix Ampelopsis Japonicae) and Sheng Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Officinalis Recens). This formula may be used to relieve chemotherapeutic side effects or cancer-related symptoms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pill of Chinese Yam","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shu Yu Wan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shu Yu Wan Formula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shuyu Wan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3897616"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768217"}]}}{"C1226":{"preferredName":"Sialyl Tn Antigen","code":"C1226","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor-associated core-region carbohydrate antigen of epithelial mucin, expressed in most colon carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, gastric, lung, breast, and ovarian carcinoma. Sialosyl-Tn (STn) antigen has been shown to be highly sensitive and a specific marker of colorectal cancer, associated with more aggressive diseases and poor prognosis. STn antigen and its immediate precursor, Tn antigen, are mucin type glycoprotein structures associated with the earliest steps of mucin O-linked glycosylation. When combined with a carrier molecule, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), this antigen may be co-administered with oral cyclophosphamide as an immune modulator.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD175s","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STn","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STn Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl Tn Antigen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sialyl Tn Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl-Tn","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl-Tn Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0074480"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41616"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41616"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sialyl_Tn_Antigen"}]}}{"C1690":{"preferredName":"Sialyl Tn-KLH Vaccine","code":"C1690","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine composed of a substance that enhances immunity plus an antigen found on some tumors of the colon, breast, lung, ovary, pancreas, and stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A vaccine containing a pancarcinoma carbohydrate antigen conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Sialylated Tn antigen (sTn) is a monosaccharide glycan usually O-linked to serine or threonine residues of mucins found on most epithelial cancers. Conjugation with KLH, a hapten carrier and an immunostimulant, improves host immune responses. Vaccination with sTn-KLH vaccine may produce antibodies and elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against those tumor cells expressing sTn, resulting in decreased tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"STn-KLH Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl Tn-KLH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl Tn-KLH Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sialyl Tn-KLH Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theratope","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theratope STn-KLH Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theratope Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theratope siayl-Tn-KLH vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sialyl Tn-KLH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0388828"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43279"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43279"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sialyl_Tn-KLH_Vaccine"}]}}{"C156438":{"preferredName":"Sibrotuzumab","code":"C156438","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human fibroblast activation protein (FAP). FAP is a 95 kDa cell surface glycoprotein and an inducible tumor stromal antigen of epithelial cancers and of a subset of soft tissue sarcomas. FAP shows a very limited distribution pattern in normal tissues, thereby sibrotuzumab has possible diagnostic and therapeutic applications in epithelial cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HuMoAb F19","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized F19 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sibrotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563157"}]}}{"C64618":{"preferredName":"Silatecan AR-67","code":"C64618","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, highly lipophilic derivative of camptothecin, with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. 7-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin binds to and stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex. This inhibits the religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-stranded DNA breaks and produces lethal double-stranded DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and inducing apoptosis. Camptothecin readily undergoes hydrolysis at physiological pH, changing its conformation from the active lactone structure to an inactive carboxylate form. Modifications on the E ring of camptothecin prevent binding of human serum albumin, which prefers the inactive carboxylate form, thereby enhancing the stability of the active lactone structure and resulting in prolonged agent activity. In addition, this agent sensitizes tumor cells toward radiation treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-Tert-butyldimethylsilyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-t-butyldimethylsilyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AR-67","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DB-67","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Silatecan AR-67","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Silatecan AR-67","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1955483"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"522726"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"522726"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_7-Tert-butyldimethylsilyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin"}]}}{"C152359":{"preferredName":"Silibinin","code":"C152359","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SILIBININ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Silibinin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Silibinin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553563"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4RKY41TBTF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C2651":{"preferredName":"Silicon Phthalocyanine 4","code":"C2651","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. When absorbed by cancer cells and exposed to light, it becomes active and kills the cancer cells. It is a type of photodynamic therapy agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic photosensitizer agent containing a large macrocyclic ring chelated with silicon. Silicon phthalocyanine 4 localizes primarily in mitochondrial cytosolic membranes and, after photoexcitation, forms reactive oxygen species that induce apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pc-4 (Silicone phthalocyanine)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pc4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Silicon Phthalocyanine 4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Silicon Phthalocyanine 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"silicon phthalocyanine 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"676418"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328695"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38423"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38423"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Silicon_Phthalocyanine_4"}]}}{"C85460":{"preferredName":"Silmitasertib Sodium","code":"C85460","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of silmitasertib, an orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of CK2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Silmitasertib selectively binds to and inhibits the enzyme casein kinase II (CK2), which may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation. CK2, a protein kinase often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, appears to be correlated with malignant transformation, tumor growth and survival. CK2 regulates a diverse array of pro-survival cellular processes including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, hedgehog (Hh) signaling, Hsp90 machinery, hypoxia, and interleukin (IL)-6 expression. CK2 also regulates the activity of XRCC1 and MDC1, two mediator/adaptor proteins that are essential for DNA repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-((3-chlorophenyl)amino)-benzo(c)-2,6-naphthyridine-8-carboxylic Acid Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CK2 Inhibitor CX-4945","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX 4945 Sodium","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-4945 Sodium","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX4945 Sodium","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SILMITASERTIB SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Silmitasertib Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Silmitasertib Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830136"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1309357-15-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N1E607PU86"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643477"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H11ClN3O2.Na"}]}}{"C61084":{"preferredName":"Siltuximab","code":"C61084","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric (made from human and mouse proteins) monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of advanced kidney cancer and other types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Anti-IL-6 chimeric monoclonal antibody works by blocking inflammation and tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chimeric, human-murine, monoclonal antibody targeting the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6), with antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon intravenous administration of siltuximab, this agent targets and binds to IL-6. This inhibits the binding of IL-6 to the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), which results in the blockade of the IL-6/IL-6R-mediated signal transduction pathway. This inhibits cancer cell growth in tumors overexpressing IL-6.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IL-6 Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNTO 328","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CNTO-328","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SILTUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Siltuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Siltuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sylvant","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-IL-6 chimeric monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cCLB8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cCLB8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1609931"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"541502-14-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T4H8FMA7IM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"475765"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"475765"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-IL-6_Chimeric_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C1227":{"preferredName":"Simalikalactone D","code":"C1227","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Simaba multiflora, Quassia africana and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. This agent also has antimalarial and antiviral properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-Simalikalactone D","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Picras-3-ene-2,16-dione, 13,20-epoxy-1,11,12-trihydroxy-15-(2-methyl-1-oxobutoxy)-, (11beta)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Simalikalactone D","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"266494"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0074548"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"35321-80-3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Simalikalactone_D"}]}}{"C129015":{"preferredName":"Simeprevir","code":"C129015","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease complex comprised of non-structural protein 3 and 4A (NS3/NS4A), with activity against HCV genotype 1. Upon administration, simeprevir reversibly binds to the active center and binding site of the HCV NS3/NS4A protease and prevents NS3/NS4A protease-mediated polyprotein maturation. This disrupts both the processing of viral proteins and the formation of the viral replication complex, which inhibits viral replication in HCV genotype 1-infected host cells. NS3, a serine protease, is essential for the proteolytic cleavage of multiple sites within the HCV polyprotein and plays a key role during HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) replication. NS4A is an activating factor for NS3. HCV is a small, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family; HCV infection is associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HSDB 8227","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(17-(2-(4-isopropylthiazole-2-yl)-7-methoxy-8-methylquinolin-4-yloxy)-13-methyl-2,14-dioxo-3,13-diazatricyclo(13.3.0.04,6)octadec-7-ene-4-carbonyl)(cyclopropyl)sulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olysio","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIMEPREVIR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Simeprevir","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMC 435","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMC-435","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMC435","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2605855"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"923604-59-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9WS5RD66HZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783151"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783151"}]}}{"C116871":{"preferredName":"Simotaxel","code":"C116871","definitions":[{"description":"A semi-synthetic, orally bioavailable, third-generation taxane derivative and microtubule-stabilizing agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, simotaxel binds to tubulin, promotes microtubule assembly and stabilization, and prevents microtubule depolymerization. This results in G2/M arrest, apoptosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. This agent is a poor substrate for P-glycoprotein-related drug resistance mechanisms; therefore, it may be useful for treating multi-drug resistant tumors. MST-997 is more potent than paclitaxel and docetaxel and overcomes paclitaxel and docetaxel resistance in certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5Beta,20-epoxy-1,2alpa,4,7beta,10beta,13alpha-hexahydroxytax-11-en-9-one-4-acetate 2-benzoate Ester with (2R,3S)-N-Isopropoxycarbonyl-3-(2-thienyl) Isoserine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MST-997","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIMOTAXEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Simotaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Simotaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL-909","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxane-997","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541465"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"791635-59-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E1M30YOE59"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"387809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"387809"}]}}{"C91735":{"preferredName":"Simtuzumab","code":"C91735","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody against lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-LOXL2 monoclonal antibody GS 6624 targets and specifically binds to the scavenger receptor cysteine rich domain 4 (SRCR-4) on LOXL2, thereby preventing the crosslinking of collagen and inhibiting the recruitment and activation of fibroblasts. Inhibiting fibroblast activation and the subsequent production of growth factors and chemokines may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. LOXL2, a member of the lysyl oxidase (LO) gene family, is an extracellular, copper-dependent enzyme overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, and contributes to tumor cell invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB-0024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB0024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS 6624","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-6624","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIMTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Simtuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Simtuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421656"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1318075-13-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"11Z5AIU653"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681814"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681814"}]}}{"C132992":{"preferredName":"Sintilimab","code":"C132992","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; PD1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, sintilimab binds to PD-1 and inhibits the binding of PD-1 to the PD-1 ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of both T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands; it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody IBI308","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody IBI308","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PDCD1 Monoclonal Antibody IBI308","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI 308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SINTILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sintilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520576"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8FU7FQ8UPK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787603"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787603"}]}}{"C38685":{"preferredName":"Siplizumab","code":"C38685","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of certain lymphoproliferative disorders and psoriasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Siplizumab binds to CD2, a specific receptor found in T cells and NK cells, thereby triggering a host immune response that results in lysis of CD2+ cells, selective suppression of the immune system, and control of activated T cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(human CD2 (Antigen))(Human-rat Monoclonal MEDI-507 G1-chain), Disulfide with Human-rat Monoclonal MEDI-507 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-507","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MEDI-507","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIPLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Siplizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"siplizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328709"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"288392-69-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"T-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KUW1QG1ZM3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346499"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346499"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Siplizumab"}]}}{"C1985":{"preferredName":"Sipuleucel-T","code":"C1985","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat prostate cancer that has spread. It is made from immune system cells collected from a patient with prostate cancer. The cells are treated with a protein that is made by combining a protein found on prostate cancer cells with a growth factor. When the cells are injected back into the patient, they may stimulate T cells to kill prostate cancer cells. Provenge is a type of vaccine and a type of cellular adoptive immunotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cell-based vaccine composed of autologous antigen-presenting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (enriched for a dendritic cell fraction) that have been exposed to a recombinant protein consisting of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) fused to prostatic-acid phosphatase (PAP), a protein expressed by prostate cancer cells. Upon administration, the vaccine may stimulate an antitumor T-cell response against tumor cells expressing PAP. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APC8015","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"APC8015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APC8015 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PA2024 (PAP/GM-CSF)-Loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Provenge","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Provenge","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIPULEUCEL-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SipT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sipuleucel-T","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sipuleucel-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sipuleucel-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"720270"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706668"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"917381-47-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8Q622VDR18"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38038"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38038"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"APC8015_Vaccine"}]}}{"C1212":{"preferredName":"Sirolimus","code":"C1212","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to keep the body from rejecting organ and bone marrow transplants. Rapamune blocks certain white blood cells that can reject foreign tissues and organs. It also blocks a protein that is involved in cell division. It is a type of antibiotic, a type of immunosuppressant, and a type of serine/threonine kinase inhibitor. Rapamune was previously called rapamycin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural macrocyclic lactone produced by the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus, with immunosuppressant properties. In cells, sirolimus binds to the immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate an immunosuppressive complex that binds to and inhibits the activation of the mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR), a key regulatory kinase. This results in inhibition of T lymphocyte activation and proliferation that occurs in response to antigenic and cytokine (IL-2, IL-4, and IL-15) stimulation and inhibition of antibody production. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9,10,12,13,14,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,32,33,34,34a-Hexadecahydro-9,27-dihydroxy-3-((1R)-2-((1S,3R,4R)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl)-1-methylethyl)-10,21-dimethoxy-6,8,12,14,20,26-hexamethyl-23,27-epoxy-3H-pyrido(2,1-c)(1,4)oxaazacyclohentriacontine-1,5,11,2","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AY 22989","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAPAMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Rapamune","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Rapamune","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rapamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SILA 9268A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIROLIMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sirolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sirolimus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sirolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WY-090217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rapamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sirolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"226080"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0072980"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53123-88-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Kidney transplant rejection, prevention"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W36ZG6FT64"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42555"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42555"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C51H79NO13"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sirolimus"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9168"}]}}{"C162553":{"preferredName":"Sitimagene Ceradenovec","code":"C162553","definitions":[{"description":"A replication-deficient adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) with E1 and partial E3 deletions containing cDNA for the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-Tk), which, when administered in combination with ganciclovir (GCV), possesses potential antineoplastic activity. Following administration, transgene-expressing cells produce thymidine kinase, which phosphorylates GCV to ganciclovir triphosphate, a cytotoxic nucleotide analog that is incorporated into DNA resulting in chain termination and induction of apoptosis in rapidly dividing cells. This process spares normal neurons as they do not proliferate and are therefore not susceptible to the toxic effects of GCV metabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EG 009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EG-009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EG009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sitimagene Ceradenovec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"898830-54-1"}]}}{"C117734":{"preferredName":"Sitravatinib","code":"C117734","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, sitravatinib binds to and inhibits the activity of several RTKs including hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; c-Met; MET), tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO (AXL receptor tyrosine kinase; AXL), mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (SCFR; c-kit; KIT), the receptor tyrosine kinase MER, discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) types 1 (VEGFR-1; FLT1), 2 (VEGFR-2; KDR; Flk-1) and 3 (VEGFR-3), members of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) family, RET (rearranged during transfection), tropomyosin-related kinases (TRK) and members of the ephrin (Eph) family of receptor tyrosine kinases. This may result in both the inhibition of signal transduction pathways mediated by these RTKs and the reduction of tumor cell proliferation in cancer cell types that overexpress these RTKs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-Cyclopropanedicarboxamide, N-(3-Fluoro-4-((2-(5-(((2-methoxyethyl)amino)methyl)-2-pyridinyl)thieno(3,2-b)pyridin-7-yl)oxy)phenyl)-N'-(4-fluorophenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGCD516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SITRAVATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sitravatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474129"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1123837-84-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CWG62Q1VTB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764051"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764051"}]}}{"C61305":{"preferredName":"Sivifene","code":"C61305","definitions":[{"description":"The phenylhydrazone 4,4'-dihydroxybenzophenone-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone formulated as a topical agent with immunomodulating and potential antineoplastic activities. Applied topically as a gel, sivifene may stimulate a local immune response against human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4,4'-Dihydroxybenzophenone 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-007","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aryl Hydrazone A-007 Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIVIFENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sivifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0385861"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2675-35-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XAV05295I5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485274"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485274"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H14N4O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"A-007"}]}}{"C824":{"preferredName":"Sizofiran","code":"C824","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble beta-D-glucan produced by the Basidiomycetes fungus, Schizophyllum commune Fries, with potential immunomodulating and antitumor activities. Although sizofiran's exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to stimulate the immune system by increasing cytokine production, activating macrophages and enhancing the activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PML) and natural killer (NK) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MC-Glucan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly(3-(O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-6))-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIZOFIRAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Schizophyllan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schizophyllan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schizophyllane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sixofilan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sizofiran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sonifilan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036359"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9050-67-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7F763NNC9X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752996"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"(C24H38O19)n"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sizofiran"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50653"}]}}{"C88274":{"preferredName":"Smac Mimetic GDC-0152","code":"C88274","definitions":[{"description":"A second mitochondrial activator of caspases (Smac) mimetic inhibitor of IAPs (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins) with potential antineoplastic activity. Smac mimetic GDC-0152 binds to the Smac binding groove on IAPs, including the direct caspase inhibitor X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and the cellular IAPs 1 and 2, which may inhibit their activities and promote the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types and suppress apoptosis by binding to and inhibiting active caspases-3, -7 and -9 via their baculoviral lAP repeat (BIR) domains. Smac, the endogenous IAP antagonist, relies on its N-terminal four amino-acid motif for binding to IAPs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDC-0152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IAP Antagonist GDC-0152","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smac Mimetic GDC-0152","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Smac Mimetic GDC-0152","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981796"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655953"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655953"}]}}{"C103825":{"preferredName":"Smac Mimetic GDC-0917","code":"C103825","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, monovalent mimetic of second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (Smac/DIABLO) and inhibitor of IAPs (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins) with potential antineoplastic activity. Smac mimetic GDC-0917 binds to the Smac binding groove on IAPs, including the direct caspase inhibitor X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and the cellular IAPs 1 and 2. This inhibits the activities of these IAPs and promotes the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types and suppress apoptosis by binding to and inhibiting active caspases-3, -7 and -9 via their baculoviral lAP repeat (BIR) domains.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CUDC 427","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUDC-427","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUDC427","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0917","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GDC-0917","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IAP Antagonist GDC-0917","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Prolinamide, N-methyl-L-alanyl-(2S)-2-cyclohexylglycyl-N-(2-(2-oxazolyl)-4-phenyl-5-thiazolyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMAC/DIABLO Mimetic GDC-0917","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smac Mimetic GDC-0917","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433733"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1446182-94-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KWH46ZDG32"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688091"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688091"}]}}{"C91079":{"preferredName":"Smac Mimetic LCL161","code":"C91079","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (SMAC) mimetic and inhibitor of IAP (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. SMAC mimetic LCL161 binds to IAPs, such as X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and cellular IAPs 1 and 2. Since IAPs shield cancer cells from the apoptosis process, this agent may restore and promote the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways in cancer cells. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types and suppress apoptosis by binding and inhibiting active caspases-3, -7 and -9, which play essential roles in apoptosis (programmed cell death), necrosis and inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LCL161","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smac Mimetic LCL161","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Smac Mimetic LCL161","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984020"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670651"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670651"}]}}{"C77861":{"preferredName":"Smoothened Antagonist BMS-833923","code":"C77861","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule SMO (Smoothened) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. SMO inhibitor BMS-833923 inhibits the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway protein SMO, which may result in a suppression of the SHH signaling pathway. SMO is a G-protein coupled receptor that lies just downstream of the SHH ligand cell surface receptor Patched-1 in the SHH pathway; in the absence of ligand Patched-1 inhibits SMO and ligand binding to Patched-1 results in increased levels of SMO. The SHH signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair; constitutive activation of this pathway is associated with uncontrolled cellular proliferation and has been observed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-833923","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist BMS-833923","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist BMS-833923","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist BMS-833923","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL139","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699316"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596304"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596304"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Smoothened_Antagonist_BMS-833923"}]}}{"C88337":{"preferredName":"Smoothened Antagonist LDE225 Topical","code":"C88337","definitions":[{"description":"A topical formulation of the small-molecule Smoothened (Smo) antagonist LDE225 with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical application, smoothened antagonist LDE225 selectively binds to the Hedgehog (Hh)-ligand cell surface receptor Smo, which may result in the suppression of the Hh signaling pathway and, so, the inhibition of tumor cells in which this pathway is abnormally activated. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair. Inappropriate activation of Hh pathway signaling and uncontrolled cellular proliferation, as is observed in a variety of cancers, may be associated with mutations in the Hh-ligand cell surface receptor Smo.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LDE225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist LDE225 Topical","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413601"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662542"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662542"}]}}{"C91089":{"preferredName":"Smoothened Antagonist LEQ506","code":"C91089","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule Smoothened (Smo) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Smoothened antagonist LEQ506 selectively binds to the Hedgehog (Hh)-ligand cell surface receptor Smo, which may result in the suppression of the Hh signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair. Dysregulated activation of Hh pathway signaling and uncontrolled cellular proliferation, as is observed in a variety of cancers, may be associated with mutations in the Hh-ligand cell surface receptor Smo.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEQ506","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist LEQ506","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist LEQ506","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421477"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671850"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671850"}]}}{"C116874":{"preferredName":"Smoothened Antagonist TAK-441","code":"C116874","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pyrrolopyridine derivative and Smoothened (Smo) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Smo antagonist TAK-441 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity Smo, which is a cell surface co-receptor for ligands in the Hedgehog (Hh) family. This may result in a suppression of Hh-mediated signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting the growth of tumor cells in which this pathway is aberrantly activated. Smo is a G-protein coupled receptor that lies just downstream of the Hh cell surface receptor Patched-1 in the Hh pathway; in the absence of ligand, Patched-1 (Ptch1) inhibits Smo, and ligand binding to Ptch1 results in increased levels of Smo. The Hh-mediated signaling pathways play an important role in cellular growth and differentiation, and tissue repair; constitutive activation of this pathway is associated with uncontrolled cellular proliferation in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Ethyl-N-[1-(hydroxyacetyl)piperidin-4-yl]-1-methyl-4-oxo-5-(2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist TAK-441","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist TAK-441","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-441","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3660685"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1186231-83-3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686270"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686270"}]}}{"C66540":{"preferredName":"Sobuzoxane","code":"C66540","definitions":[{"description":"The orally available active prodrug of ICRF-154, a bisdioxopiperazine derivative, with cardioprotective and antineoplastic activities. Like other ICRF compounds, sobuzoxane and its active metabolite ICRF-154 interfere with topoisomerase II activity prior to the formation of intermediate cleavable DNA-enzyme complexes during the catalytic cycle resulting in tumor cell growth inhibition. Furthermore, sobuzoxane chelates metal cations thereby limiting the formation of free radical-generating anthracycline-metal complexes and may prevent anthracycline-induced oxidative damage to cardiac and soft tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Bis(4-isobutoxycarbonyloxymethyl-3,5-dioxo-piperazin-1-yl)ethane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MST-16","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOBUZOXANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sobuzoxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0378253"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"98631-95-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R1308VH37P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H34N4O10"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sobuzoxane"}]}}{"C2208":{"preferredName":"Sodium Borocaptate","code":"C2208","definitions":[{"description":"A substance used in a type of radiation therapy called boron neutron capture therapy. Sodium borocaptate is injected into a vein and becomes concentrated in tumor cells. The patient then receives radiation treatment with atomic particles called neutrons. The neutrons react with the boron in sodium borocaptate and make radioactive particles that kill the tumor cells without harming normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A boron-carrying compound. After parenteral administration, sodium borocaptate accumulates preferentially in tumor cells. When exposed to neutron irradiation, borocaptate absorbs neutrons and self-destructs releasing short-range alpha radiation and 'recoil' lithium in tumor cells, resulting in alpha radiation-induced tumor cell death. This highly selective, localized radiotargeting of tumor cells, known as boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), spares adjacent normal tissues. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BSH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BSH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borocaptate Sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borocarpin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium Borocaptate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sodium borocaptate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"643"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0127575"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"80-17-1"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"12448-24-7"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"306451"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"306451"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Borocaptate_Sodium"}]}}{"C2337":{"preferredName":"Sodium Butyrate","code":"C2337","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of butyrate with potential antineoplastic activity. Butyrate, a short chain fatty acid, competitively binds to the zinc sites of class I and II histone deacetylases (HDACs). This binding affects hyperacetylation of histones, resulting in a modified DNA conformation, which subsequently leads to the uncoiling or relaxing of chromatin. Enhanced accessibility of chromatin to transcription-regulatory complexes leads to increased transcriptional activation of various epigenetically suppressed genes. Butyrate, a HDAC inhibitor, induces cell cycle arrest in G1 or G2/M and also increases the expression of other genes and proteins involved in cellular differentiation and apoptotic signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Butyrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butyrate sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Butyric Acid, Sodium Salt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"SODIUM BUTYRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sodium Butyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium butanoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sodium butyrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"butyric acid, sodium salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sodium butanoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"174280"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0142812"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"156-54-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8RAS91C36W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39601"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39601"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H7O2.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sodium_Butyrate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64103"}]}}{"C73591":{"preferredName":"Sodium Dichloroacetate","code":"C73591","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of dichloroacetic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Dichloroacetate ion inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, resulting in the inhibition of glycolysis and a decrease in lactate production. This agent may stimulate apoptosis in cancer cells by restoring normal mitochondrial-induced apoptotic signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPC 211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dichloroacetic Acid, Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM DICHLOROACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sodium Dichloroacetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sodium Dichloroacetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037501"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2156-56-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"42932X67B5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"582893"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"582893"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C2HCl2O2.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sodium_Dichloroacetate"}]}}{"C47725":{"preferredName":"Sodium Iodide I-131","code":"C47725","definitions":[{"description":"A radiopharmaceutical containing the beta- and gamma-emitting radioisotope I-131. After absorption, the iodide is distributed through the extracellular fluid of the body and accumulates in the thyroid gland, thereby allowing the imaging of the thyroid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(131-I)Sodium Iodide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HICON","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Mini","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodotope I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Natrium Radio-iodatum(131 I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oriodide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiocaps-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM IODIDE I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sodium Iodide (131I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium Iodide I-131","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sodium Iodide I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0304982"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7790-26-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"29VCO8ACHH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721984"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721984"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"I.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sodium_Iodide_I-131"}]}}{"C91098":{"preferredName":"Sodium Metaarsenite","code":"C91098","definitions":[{"description":"A highly soluble, orally available trivalent arsenic-containing telomerase inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. Although the exact mechanism through which sodium metaarsenite exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to target and bind to telomeric sequences, specifically TTAGGG repeats, leading to a shortening of telomeres, and subsequent induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor cell growth. In addition, sodium metaarsenite also leads to the translocation of the catalytic subunit of telomerase into the cytoplasm and inhibition of the activity of telomerase. Telomerase is active in most tumors cells and is responsible for the maintenance of telomere length and plays a key role in cellular proliferation, but is quiescent in normal, healthy cells. The susceptibility to sodium metaarsenite seems to be inversely correlated with initial length of telomeres.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KML-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM ARSENITE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sodium Arsenite","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium Metaarsenite","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sodium Metaarsenite","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0074719"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7784-46-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"48OVY2OC72"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672554"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672554"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"AsO2.Na"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:29678"}]}}{"C1440":{"preferredName":"Sodium Phenylbutyrate","code":"C1440","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called differentiating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt of phenylbutyrate, a derivative of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate, with potential antineoplastic activity. Phenylbutyrate reversibly inhibits class I and II histone deacetylases (HDACs), which may result in a global increase in gene expression, decreased cellular proliferation, increased cell differentiation, and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Phenylbutyric Acid, Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buphenyl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenylbutyrate Sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM PHENYLBUTYRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SPB11","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium 4-Phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sodium Phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sodium Phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sodium Phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"657802"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0718066"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1716-12-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Adjunctive therapy for urea cycle disorders involving deficiencies of carbamoylphosphate synthetase; ornithine transcarbamylase; or argininosuccinic acid synthetase; S-S and S-C sickle cell disease; S-thalassemia hemoglobinopathy"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NT6K61736T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536018"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536018"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H11O2.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_4-Phenylbutyrate"}]}}{"C834":{"preferredName":"Sodium Salicylate","code":"C834","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Sodium salicylate may be tolerated by people who are sensitive to aspirin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt of salicylic acid. As a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), sodium salicylate irreversibly acetylates cyclooxygenases I and II, thereby inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis and associated inflammation and pain. This agent may also activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), thereby inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM SALICYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Salicylate, sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sodium Salicylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sodium Salicylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium salicylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"sodium salicylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"202167"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037549"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"54-21-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Fever; Inflammatory conditions; Pain"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WIQ1H85SYP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43094"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43094"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H5O3.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sodium_Salicylate"}]}}{"C87346":{"preferredName":"Sodium Selenite","code":"C87346","definitions":[{"description":"An inorganic form of the trace element selenium with potential antineoplastic activity. Selenium, administered in the form of sodium selenite, is reduced to hydrogen selenide (H2Se) in the presence of glutathione (GSH) and subsequently generates superoxide radicals upon reaction with oxygen. This may inhibit the expression and activity of the transcription factor Sp1; in turn Sp1 down-regulates androgen receptor (AR) expression and blocks AR signaling. Eventually, selenium may induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cells and inhibit tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Disodium Selenium Trioxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM SELENITE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selenious Acid Disodium Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selenious Acid, Sodium Salt (1:2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium Selenite","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sodium Selenite","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0142923"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10102-18-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HIW548RQ3W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681583"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681583"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2Na.O3Se"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:48843"}]}}{"C61083":{"preferredName":"Sodium Stibogluconate","code":"C61083","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of certain solid tumors, lymphoma, and myeloma. Sodium stibogluconate may block enzymes needed for cancer growth. It is a type of pentavalent antimonial.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Pentavalent antimony (Sb) in differential complex formation with gluconic acid with leishmanicidal and potential antineoplastic activities. The Sb moiety of sodium stibogluconate (SSG) may inhibit protein tyrosine phosphorylases (PTPases) by covalently modifying sulfhydryl groups in PTPase cysteine residues, resulting in specific inactivation of SH2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatases-1 and -2 (SHP-1 and SHP-2), PTPases which negatively regulate interferon (IFN) signaling; enhancement of IFN-induced Stat1 tyrosine phosphorylation; and induction of cellular protein tyrosine phosphorylation. SSG in combination with IFN-alpha may synergize to overcome tumor cell resistance to IFN-alpha-mediated apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antimony Sodium Gluconate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lenocta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myostibin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentostam","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM STIBOGLUCONATE ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SSG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SSG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium Stibogluconate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sodium Stibogluconate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sodium Stibogluconate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solustibosan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solustin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VQD001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sodium stibogluconate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030895"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"16037-91-5"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"12001-86-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V083S0159D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"475763"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"475763"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H18O17Sb2.2Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sodium_Stibogluconate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28148"}]}}{"C156728":{"preferredName":"Sodium-Potassium Adenosine Triphosphatase Inhibitor RX108","code":"C156728","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule, inhibitor of sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, RX108 inhibits the activity of the Na+/K+-ATPase, which prevents the activation of various signal transduction pathways that play a key role in tumor proliferation. This may lead to cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagic cell death. Na+/K+-ATPase is overexpressed in certain tumor types and may serve as a scaffold for the assembly of multiple-protein signaling complexes that regulate cell proliferation and motility. In normal, healthy cells, the Na+/K+-ATPase controls transportation of Na+ and K+ across the cell membrane and is essential for electrochemical gradient maintenance, osmotic balance, and cellular pH.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Na+/K+-ATPase Inhibitor RX108","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RX 108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RX-108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RX108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium-Potassium Adenosine Triphosphatase Inhibitor RX108","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sodium-Potassium Adenosine Triphosphatase Inhibitor RX108","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium-Potassium Pump Inhibitor RX10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935853"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795834"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795834"}]}}{"C106119":{"preferredName":"Sofituzumab Vedotin","code":"C106119","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting the MUC16 protein (CA-125) conjugated to, via a cleavable linker, the antimicrotubulin agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of sofituzumab vedotin selectively binds to MUC16. After internalization of the drug conjugate and proteolytic cleavage of the linker, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M-phase growth arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. MUC16, a transmembrane protein, is overexpressed on the cell surface of more than 80 percent of ovarian cancer cells but not on healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DMUC5754A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOFITUZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sofituzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sofituzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433830"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2X3CKG601L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699480"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699480"}]}}{"C77854":{"preferredName":"Solitomab","code":"C77854","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against both CD3 and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Solitomab attaches to both CD3-expressing T lymphocytes and EpCAM-expressing tumor cells, thereby selectively cross-linking tumor and T lymphocytes; this may result in the recruitment of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to T lymphocyte/tumor cell aggregates and the CTL-mediated death of EpCAM-expressing tumor cells. CD3 is an antigen expressed on mature T cells; EpCAM, a cell surface protein, is expressed by a variety of tumor cells and is frequently found in head and neck cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EpCAM BiTE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOLITOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Solitomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3642415"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1005198-65-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZQQ51B5708"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592863"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-EpCAM_Anti-CD3_Recombinant_Bispecific_Monoclonal_Antibody_MT110"}]}}{"C78195":{"preferredName":"Sonepcizumab","code":"C78195","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, sonepcizumab binds S1P, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. S1P is the extracellular ligand for the G protein-coupled lysophospholipid receptor EDG-1 (endothelial differentiation gene-1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Asonep","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LT1009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sonepcizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383585"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595163"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595163"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sonepcizumab"}]}}{"C82385":{"preferredName":"Sonidegib","code":"C82385","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule smoothened (Smo) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Sonidegib selectively binds to the hedgehog (Hh)-ligand cell surface receptor Smo, which may result in the suppression of the Hh signaling pathway and, so, the inhibition of tumor cells in which this pathway is abnormally activated. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair. Inappropriate activation of Hh pathway signaling and uncontrolled cellular proliferation, as is observed in a variety of cancers, may be associated with mutations in the Hh-ligand cell surface receptor Smo.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1,1'-Biphenyl)-3-carboxamide, N-(6-((2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4-morpholinyl)-3-pyridinyl)-2- methyl-4'-(trifluoromethoxy)-, rel-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erismodegib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDE-225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDE225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odomzo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SONIDEGIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist LDE225","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sonidegib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sonidegib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830069"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"956697-53-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0RLU3VTK5M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641974"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641974"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H26F3N3O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Oral_Smoothened_Antagonist_LDE225"}]}}{"C78848":{"preferredName":"Sonolisib","code":"C78848","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule wortmannin analogue inhibitor of the alpha, gamma, and delta isoforms of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. Sonolisib inhibits the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4E)-4-(((Bis(prop-2-en-1-yl)amino)methylidene)-6-hydroxy-1alpha-(methoxymethyl)-3,7,17-trioxo-2-oxaandrosta-5,8-dien-11alpha-yl Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PX 866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PX-866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PX866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SONOLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sonolisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sonolisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acetic acid (1S,4E,10R,11R,13S,14R)-4-diallylaminomethylene-6-hydroxy-1-methoxymethyl-10,13-dimethyl-3,7,17-trioxo-1,3,4,7,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-2-oxa-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-11-yl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acetic acid 4-diallylaminomethylene-6-hydroxy-1-alpha 12-methoxymethyl-10beta,13beta-dimethyl-3,7,17-trioxo-1,3,4,7,10,11beta,12,13,14alpha,15,16,17-dodecahydro-2-oxa-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-11-yl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1566038"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"502632-66-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"987796874T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612038"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612038"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PI3K_Inhibitor_PX-866"}]}}{"C61948":{"preferredName":"Sorafenib","code":"C61948","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced kidney cancer and a type of liver cancer that cannot be removed by surgery. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Sorafenib stops cells from dividing and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic compound targeting growth signaling and angiogenesis. Sorafenib blocks the enzyme RAF kinase, a critical component of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that controls cell division and proliferation; in addition, sorafenib inhibits the VEGFR-2/PDGFR-beta signaling cascade, thereby blocking tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BA4 43 9006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 43-9006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BAY 43-9006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bay-439006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SORAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sorafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sorafenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sorafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sorafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1516119"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"284461-73-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9ZOQ3TZI87"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H16ClF3N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sorafenib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50924"}]}}{"C2194":{"preferredName":"Sorafenib Tosylate","code":"C2194","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced kidney cancer and a type of liver cancer that cannot be removed by surgery. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Nexavar stops cells from dividing and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tosylate salt of sorafenib, a synthetic compound targeting growth signaling and angiogenesis. Sorafenib blocks the enzyme RAF kinase, a critical component of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that controls cell division and proliferation; in addition, sorafenib inhibits the VEGFR-2/PDGFR-beta signaling cascade, thereby blocking tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(4-(3-(4-Chloro-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)ureido)phenoxy)pyridine-2-carboxyllic Acid Methyamide-4-methylbenzenesulfonate Tosylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 43-9006 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 54-9085","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nexavar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Nexavar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SORAFENIB TOSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sorafenib Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sorafenib Tosylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sorafenib Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sorafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sorafenib tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"724772"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1676709"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"475207-59-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Major Depressive Disorder"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Advanced renal cell carcinoma; Metastatic Colorectal Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5T62Q3B36J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299013"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299013"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H16ClF3N4O3.C7H8O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BAY_43-9006"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50928"}]}}{"C111681":{"preferredName":"Sorghum bicolor Supplement","code":"C111681","definitions":[{"description":"An herbal-based nutritional supplement containing the leaf sheaths of the plant Sorghum bicolor, with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, chemopreventive and immunomodulating activities. Sorghum bicolor supplement contains various phytochemicals, including phenolic acids and polyphenols such as proanthocyanidins. Sorghum bicolor supplement is particularly rich in 3-deoxyanthocyanins, such as luteolinidin and apigeninidin, and appears to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation in cancer cells through the stimulation of various apoptosis promoter genes and the downregulation of certain apoptosis inhibitor genes. In addition, due to the strong antioxidant nature of the phytochemicals, these compounds are able to scavenge free radicals and prevent tissue damage. Also, intake of this supplement modulates the immune system by both increasing the activity of natural killer (NK) cells and initiating the activation of macrophages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jobelyn","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sorghum bicolor Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sorghum bicolor Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454073"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752436"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752436"}]}}{"C80630":{"preferredName":"Sotrastaurin","code":"C80630","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available pan-protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor with potential immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities. Sotrastaurin inhibits both T- and B-cell activations via PKC theta and beta isozymes, respectively. Both PKCs are important in the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB). Inhibition of PKC beta in B-cells results in prevention of NF-kB-mediated signaling and down regulation of NF-kB target genes. This may eventually lead to an induction of G1 cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. This agent may act synergistically with other chemotherapeutic agents. PKC, a family of serine/threonine protein kinases overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells, is involved in cell differentiation, mitogenesis, inflammation, and the activation and survival of lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SOTRASTAURIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sotrastaurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742796"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"425637-18-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7I279E1NZ8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H22N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sotrastaurin"}]}}{"C80631":{"preferredName":"Sotrastaurin Acetate","code":"C80631","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt form of sotrastaurin, an orally available pan-protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor with potential immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities. Sotrastaurin inhibits both T- and B-cell activations via PKC theta and beta isozymes, respectively. Both PKCs are important in the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB). Inhibition of PKC beta in B-cells results in prevention of NF-kB-mediated signaling and down regulation of NF-kB target genes. This may eventually lead to an induction of G1 cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. This agent may act synergistically with other chemotherapeutic agents. PKC, a family of serine/threonine protein kinases overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells, is involved in cell differentiation, mitogenesis, inflammation, and the activation and survival of lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(1H-Indol-3-yl)-4-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)quinazolin-4- yl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AEB 071","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AEB071","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOTRASTAURIN ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sotrastaurin Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sotrastaurin Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830197"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"908351-31-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R1SIA15KZ1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"708113"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"708113"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H22N6O2.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sotrastaurin_Acetate"}]}}{"C65152":{"preferredName":"Soy Isoflavones","code":"C65152","definitions":[{"description":"A dietary supplement isolated from soybeans containing phytoestrogen isoflavones. Although the mechanism of action is unclear, soy isoflavones mimic estrogen action mediated through estrogen receptors. In addition, this agent also modulates estrogen metabolism. As a result, soy isoflavones have been shown to reduce tumor cell proliferation and induce tumor cell apoptosis, as well as to be able to regulate hormone balance and reduce the risks of breast cancer, heart disease, and osteoporosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NovaSoy","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOY ISOFLAVONES","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Solgen 40","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soy Isoflavone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Soy Isoflavones","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Soy Isoflavones","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soybean Isoflavone Mixture","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4076257"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"71B37NR06D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"466602"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"466602"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Soy_Isoflavones"}]}}{"C1803":{"preferredName":"Soy Protein Isolate","code":"C1803","definitions":[{"description":"A dietary protein isolated from soybeans that contains isoflavone phytoestrogens. Soy protein isolate has been shown to reduce tumor incidence and growth in some animal studies, possibly by modulating estrogen metabolism, reducing tumor cell proliferation, and inducing tumor cell apoptosis. Soy protein isolate may also inhibit endothelial cell proliferation. Isoflavone phytoestrogens display mild estrogen-like activities which may regulate hormone balance and reduce the risks of breast cancer, heart disease, and osteoporosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SOY PROTEIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Soy Protein Isolate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Soy Protein Isolate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Soy Protein Isolate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soybean Protein Isolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677666"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9010-10-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Heart disease prevention; hyperlipidemia; menopausal symptoms"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R44IWB3RN5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42493"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42493"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Soy_Protein_Isolate"}]}}{"C2353":{"preferredName":"Sparfosate Sodium","code":"C2353","definitions":[{"description":"The disodium salt form of N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate (PALA), a pyrimidine antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. PALA inhibits pyrimidine biosynthesis and increases the extent to which fluorouracil is incorporated into RNA. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CI-882","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Aspartic Acid, N-(phosphonoacetyl)-, Disodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate Disodium","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PALA Disodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPARFOSATE SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sparfosate Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518775"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"66569-27-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5R33Q73DYD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H8NO8P.2Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PALA_Disodium"}]}}{"C1398":{"preferredName":"Sparfosic Acid","code":"C1398","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is being studied to increase the effectiveness of the chemotherapy drug fluorouracil.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A stable transition state analogue for an aspartate transcarbamylase-catalyzed reaction with antineoplastic activity. Sparfosic acid is a stable transition analogue of the activated complex for the reaction catalyzed by aspartate transcarbamylase, the first step in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. This agent inhibits de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis and increases the extent to which fluorouracil metabolites are incorporated into RNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L-Aspartic acid, N-(phosphonoacetyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PALA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PALA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PALA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphonacetyl-L-aspartic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPARFOSIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sparfosate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sparfosic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"224131"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0135096"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51321-79-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"78QVZ7RG8L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39547"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39547"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H10NO8P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"N-Phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate"}]}}{"C121625":{"preferredName":"Spartalizumab","code":"C121625","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1, PCD-1), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, spartalizumab binds to PD-1 expressed on activated T-cells and blocks the interaction with its ligands, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1, PD-1L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2, PD-1L2). The inhibition of ligand binding prevents PD-1-mediated signaling and results in both T-cell activation and the induction of T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, an immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily transmembrane protein and inhibitory receptor, negatively regulates T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PDR-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDR001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPARTALIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Spartalizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Spartalizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053607"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QOG25L6Z8Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770801"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770801"}]}}{"C97037":{"preferredName":"Spebrutinib","code":"C97037","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of Bruton's agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, spebrutinib targets and covalently binds to BTK, thereby preventing its activity. By irreversibly inhibiting BTK, administration of this agent may lead to an inhibition of B cell receptor (BCR) signaling and may inhibit cell proliferation of B-cell malignancies. BTK, a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase and member of the Tec family of kinases, plays an important role in B lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenamide, N-(3-((5-fluoro-2-((4-(2-methoxyethoxy)phenyl)amino)-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVL-292","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CC-292","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-292","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPEBRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Spebrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Spebrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3642455"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1202757-89-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DRU6NG543J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700570"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700570"}]}}{"C131368":{"preferredName":"Spherical Nucleic Acid Nanoparticle NU-0129","code":"C131368","definitions":[{"description":"A spherical nucleic acid (SNA) gold nanoparticle formulation composed of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting the Bcl-2-like protein 12 (BCL2L12) sequence and conjugated to gold nanoparticles, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of SNA NU-0129, the siRNA prevents the translation of the BCL2L12 gene. Inhibiting the expression of BCL2L12 by NU-0129 induces tumor cell apoptosis. Bcl2L12, a protein belonging to the Bcl-2 protein family, is overexpressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and plays a role in tumor cell progression and tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. NU-0129 is able to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NU-0129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNA Gold Nanoparticle NU-0129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNA NU-0129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spherical Nucleic Acid Nanoparticle NU-0129","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Spherical Nucleic Acid Nanoparticle NU-0129","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514431"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786841"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786841"}]}}{"C1232":{"preferredName":"Spirogermanium","code":"C1232","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic organometallic compound containing the element germanium with possible antineoplastic activity. Spirogermanium exhibits significant toxicity, particularly neurotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[3-(Dimethyl-amino)propyl]-8,8-diethyl-2-aza-8-germaspiro[4,5]decane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8,8-Diethyl-N,N-dimethyl-3-aza-8-germaspiro[4,5]decane-2-propanamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S 99 A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"S 99 A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPIROGERMANIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Spiro 32","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Spiro-32","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spirogermanium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spirogermanium Compound","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spirogermanium compound","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"192965"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0075018"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"41992-23-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1F01P3Y61E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39605"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39605"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Spirogermanium"}]}}{"C1233":{"preferredName":"Spiromustine","code":"C1233","definitions":[{"description":"A bifunctional nitrogen alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity and lipophilic properties. Containing a lipophilic hydantoin group that serves as a carrier to cross the blood brain barrier, spiromustine forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in DNA, causing depurination, base-pair miscoding, strand scission, and DNA-DNA cross-linking, which may result in cytotoxicity. 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Spiroplatin induces DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. Similar to other platinum compounds, this agent has been shown to be mutagenic and carcinogenic. 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Upon administration, H3B-8800 binds to and blocks the activity of SF3B1, a core spliceosome protein that is mutated in various cancer cells. This modulates RNA splicing by preventing aberrant mRNA splicing by the spliceosome, blocks RNA mis-splicing, enhances proper RNA splicing and prevents the expression of certain tumor-associated genes. This leads to an induction of apoptosis and prevents tumor cell proliferation. In many cancer cells, core spliceosome proteins, including SF3B1, U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein auxiliary factor 1 (U2AF1), serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2) and U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein auxiliary factor subunit-related protein 2 (ZRSR2), are mutated and aberrantly activated leading to a dysregulation of mRNA splicing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3B 8800","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3B-8800","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splicing Factor Inhibitor H3B-8800","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splicing Inhibitor H3B-8800","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Splicing Inhibitor H3B-8800","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splicing Modulator H3B-8800","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512654"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784315"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784315"}]}}{"C2051":{"preferredName":"Spongistatin","code":"C2051","definitions":[{"description":"A highly cytotoxic macrocyclic lactone polyether with antitumor activity. Spongistatin, originally isolated from marine Spongia species, binds to the vinca domain of tubulin, thereby interferes with microtubule assembly and results in inhibition of mitosis. This agent does not affect the binding of colchicine to tubulin, but it was a potent inhibitor of the binding of vinblastine and GTP to tubulin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Altohyrtin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spongistatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spongistatin 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"8232226"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0248118"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"148179-94-6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Spongistatin"}]}}{"C1482":{"preferredName":"Squalamine Lactate","code":"C1482","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors. It prevents the growth of new blood vessels into a solid tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The lactate salt form of squalamine, an aminosterol isolated from tissues of the dogfish shark Squalus acanthias. Possessing anti-angiogenic properties, squalamine inhibits the sodium-hydrogen exchanger NHE3, resulting in suppression of endothelial cell proliferation and migration. This agent also has broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3beta-N-1-(N-(3-(4-Aminobutyl))-1,3-diaminopropane)-7alpha,24-dihydroxy-5alpha-cholestane 24-sulfate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSI-1256F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQUALAMINE LACTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Squalamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Squalamine Lactate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Squalamine Lactate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"squalamine lactate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"715056"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0213314"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"320725-47-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4WE915J1KX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43041"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43041"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H65N3O5S.C3H6O3.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Squalamine"}]}}{"C162533":{"preferredName":"Src Kinase Inhibitor AP 23846","code":"C162533","definitions":[{"description":"A novel small molecule Src family kinase inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic activity. Upon administration, Src kinase inhibitor AP23846 selectively binds to and stabilizes an inactive ATP-binding site conformation leading to reduced Src kinase activity. This may reduce the production of pro-angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin (IL)-8. Src tyrosine kinases are upregulated in many tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, migration, invasion and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP 23846","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP-23846","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP23846","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Src Kinase Inhibitor AP 23846","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"878654-51-4"}]}}{"C74077":{"preferredName":"Tirbanibulin","code":"C74077","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. KX2-391 blocks an enzyme needed for growth of cells and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of Src kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule Src kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Unlike other Src kinase inhibitors which bind to the ATP-binding site, tirbanibulin specifically binds to the peptide substrate binding site of Src kinase; inhibition of kinase activity may result in the inhibition of primary tumor growth and the suppression of metastasis. Src tyrosine kinases are upregulated in many tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyridineacetamide, 5-(4-(2-(4-Morpholinyl)ethoxy)phenyl)-n-(phenylmethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KX01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KX2-391","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"KX2-391","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIRBANIBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tirbanibulin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tirbanibulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348411"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"897016-82-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4V9848RS5G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590687"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590687"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Src_Kinase_Inhibitor_KX2-391"}]}}{"C120210":{"preferredName":"Src Kinase Inhibitor KX2-391 Ointment","code":"C120210","definitions":[{"description":"An ointment containing an inhibitor for both Src tyrosine kinase and tubulin polymerization, with potential antineoplastic activity. Unlike other Src kinase inhibitors which bind to the ATP-binding site, Src kinase inhibitor KX2-391 binds to the peptide substrate binding site of Src kinase, upon topical application. This inhibits both downstream signaling and the proliferation of tumor cells overexpressing Src. Src tyrosine kinase, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, motility, invasiveness and survival. KX2-391 also binds to tubulin heterodimers and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which disrupts microtubule formation and mitosis, leading to further inhibition of cell proliferation. In addition, KX2-391 inhibits T-cell migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KX2 391 Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KX2-391 Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Src Kinase Inhibitor KX2-391 Ointment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3897543"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768270"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768270"}]}}{"C162339":{"preferredName":"Src Kinase Inhibitor M475271","code":"C162339","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of Src tyrosine kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Src kinase inhibitor M-475271 targets and binds to Src kinase. This inhibits Src-mediated signaling and the proliferation of tumor cells overexpressing Src. Src tyrosine kinase, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, motility, invasiveness and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Quinazolinamine, N-(2-chloro-5-methoxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-7-((1-methyl-4-piperidinyl)methoxy)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZM 475271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZM-475271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZM475271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 475271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M-475271","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"M-475271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M475271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-Chloro-5-methoxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-7-((1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)methoxy)quinazolin-4-amine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Src Kinase Inhibitor M475271","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"476159-98-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0361Z8214O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C102976":{"preferredName":"Src/Abl Kinase Inhibitor AZD0424","code":"C102976","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets both Abl and Src kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AZD0424 selectively inhibits both Src and Abl kinase activity which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth in susceptible tumor cells. Src and Abl kinases are upregulated in certain tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD0424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Src/Abl Kinase Inhibitor AZD0424","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437215"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739328"}]}}{"C120101":{"preferredName":"Src/tubulin Inhibitor KX02","code":"C120101","definitions":[{"description":"A lipophilic, orally available inhibitor of both Src kinase activity and tubulin polymerization, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, src/tubulin inhibitor KX02 binds to and inhibits the activity of Src kinase. This inhibits both downstream signaling and the proliferation of Src kinase-expressing tumor cells. KX02 also binds to tubulin heterodimers and inhibits microtubule polymerization, thereby disrupting microtubule formation, mitosis, and further proliferation. Src, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KX02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KX2-361","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Src/tubulin Inhibitor KX02","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Src/tubulin Inhibitor KX02","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896828"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767819"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767819"}]}}{"C2589":{"preferredName":"St. John's Wort","code":"C2589","definitions":[{"description":"An herbal product sold as an over-the-counter treatment for depression. It is being studied for its ability to lessen certain side effects of cancer treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An herbal extract prepared from the plant Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort) with photodynamic, antineoplastic, and antidepressant activities. Hypericin, one of the active compounds found in Hypericum perforatum, is a photosensitizer that, when exposed to a particular wavelength and intensity of light, may induce tumor cell apoptosis. Another compound, hyperforin, induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in certain tumor cell lines. Hypericum perforatum preparations may also stimulate the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes and P-glycoprotein drug transporters, resulting in increased metabolism and decreased efficacy of various chemotherapeutic agents and other drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypericum Perforatum Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ST. JOHN'S WORT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"St John's Wort","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"St. John's Wort","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"St. John's wort","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hypericum perforatum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0813171"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"84082-80-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UFH8805FKA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37989"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37989"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hypericum_Perforatum"}]}}{"C1517":{"preferredName":"Stallimycin","code":"C1517","definitions":[{"description":"An oligopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces distallicus. Distamycin preferentially binds to adenine-thymine (A-T) rich sequences in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA transcription. In addition to antitumor effects, distamycin also possesses antiviral and antiprotozoal activities and is used as a chromosome dye. 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Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), a gram positive bacterial superantigen (SAg), is a potent stimulator of T-cell activation. SEA superantigen binds directly to class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and to the V beta region of the T-cell receptor (TCR), leading to an amplified T-cell response. In response to SEA, both CD4+ and CD8+ cells proliferate, secrete cytokines, and demonstrate enhanced cytotoxic activity against a broad range of antigens. Vaccination with the SEA protein, administered by direct transfection into tumor cells, may elicit a non-specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response and result in decreased tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SEA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059385"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"37337-57-8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42927"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42927"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Staphylococcal_Enterotoxin_A"}]}}{"C1084":{"preferredName":"Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B","code":"C1084","definitions":[{"description":"The biotoxin Staphylococcal enterotoxin B.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A bacterial enterotoxin with potential immunostimulatory activity. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), a gram positive superantigen produced by Staphylococcus aureus, is a potent stimulator of T-cell activation. SEB binds directly to class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and the V beta region of the T-cell receptor (TCR), leading to an amplified T-cell response. In response to SEB, both CD4+ and CD8+ cells proliferate, secrete cytokines and demonstrate enhanced cytotoxic activity against a broad range of antigens. Co-administration of SEB with interleukin-2 (IL-2) by direct injection into tumor cells, may induce clonal T-cell expansion and potentiate apoptosis of tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SEB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059386"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"39424-53-8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37929"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37929"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Staphylococcal_Enterotoxin_B"}]}}{"C1237":{"preferredName":"Staurosporine","code":"C1237","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkaloids. It is being studied in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cell permeable alkaloid isolated from Streptomyces staurosporeus exhibiting anti-cancer activity. Staurosporine is a potent, non-selective inhibitor of protein kinases, including protein kinase C. This agent induces apoptosis by an undetermined mechanism. 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Streptonigrin complexes with DNA and topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA cleavage and inhibition of DNA replication and RNA synthesis. This agent also acts as a reverse transcriptase inhibitor and causes free radical-mediated cellular damage. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Amino-6-(7-amino-5,8-dihydro-6-methoxy-5,8-dioxo-2-quinolyl)-4-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2-pyridinecarboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Amino-6-(70-amino-5,8-dihydro-6-methoxy-5,8-dioxo-2-quinolyl)-4-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-methylpicolinic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BA-163","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bruneomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bruneomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PC-501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rufocromomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Rufocromomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STREPTONIGRIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"STREPTONIGRIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Streptonigrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Streptonigrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"83950"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"45383"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038427"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3930-19-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"261Q3JB310"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39703"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39703"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H22N4O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Streptonigrin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9287"}]}}{"C845":{"preferredName":"Streptozocin","code":"C845","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A methylnitrosourea antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces achromogenes. Streptozocin alkylates DNA, forming inter-strand DNA cross-links and inhibiting DNA synthesis. Due to its glucose moiety, this agent is readily taken up by pancreatic beta cells, inducing diabetes mellitus at high concentrations. Unlike other nitrosoureas, streptozocin causes little myelosuppression. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Deoxy-2-(3-methyl-3-nitrosoureido)-D-glucopyranose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2-deoxy-2-(3-methyl-3-nitrosoureido)-D-glucopyranose","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-deoxy-2-[[(methylnitrosamino)-carbonyl]amino]-D-glucopyranose","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STREPTOZOCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"STZ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Streptozocin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Streptozotocin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Streptozotocin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U 9889","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"U-9889","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"U-9889","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zanosar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Zanosar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"streptozocin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"85998"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038432"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"18883-66-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Carcinoid tumor and syndrome; Colorectal cancer, palliative; Hodgkin's disease; Metastatic islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5W494URQ81"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42831"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H15N3O7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Streptozocin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9288"}]}}{"C1238":{"preferredName":"Strontium Chloride Sr-89","code":"C1238","definitions":[{"description":"A salt form of the radioactive metal strontium-89 that is absorbed by a part of growing bone. It is being studied in the treatment of bone pain caused by cancer that has spread to the bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The chloride salt of a radioactive isotope of strontium. Strontium chloride Sr 89 is taken up and incorporated preferentially in metastatic lesions in bone where it emits cytotoxic beta radiation, resulting in an inhibition and/or reduction of tumor growth and so tumor-related bone pain. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metastron","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STRONTIUM CHLORIDE SR-89","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Strontium Chloride Sr-89","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Strontium Chloride Sr-89","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"strontium chloride Sr 89","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"721349"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0919292"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"38270-90-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Palliation of pain in bone metastases"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5R78837D4A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41810"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41810"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2Cl.Sr"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Strontium_Chloride_Sr_89"}]}}{"C162773":{"preferredName":"Submicron Particle Paclitaxel Sterile Suspension","code":"C162773","definitions":[{"description":"A suspension composed of uncoated, stable, submicron particles of the water-insoluble taxane paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intra-tumoral administration of the submicron particle paclitaxel sterile suspension, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, which leads to the inhibition of cell division, thereby halting the proliferation of rapidly-dividing tumor cells. The submicron particle paclitaxel is produced through a specific proprietary method of submicron particle production without the need for coating agents or carriers and allows for prolonged retention and sustained release at the tumor site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NanoPac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sterile Nanoparticle-based Paclitaxel Suspension","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sterile Nanoparticulate Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Submicron Particle Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Submicron Particle Paclitaxel Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Submicron Particle Paclitaxel Sterile Suspension","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Submicron Particle Paclitaxel Sterile Suspension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799071"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799071"}]}}{"C116066":{"preferredName":"Sulfatinib","code":"C116066","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) 1, 2, and 3, and the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 1 (FGFR1), with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon oral administration, sulfatinib binds to and inhibits VEGFRs and FGFR1 thereby inhibiting VEGFR- and FGFR1-mediated signal transduction pathways. This leads to a reduction of angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation in VEGFR/FGFR1-overexpressing tumor cells. Expression of VEGFRs and FGFR1 may be upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HMPL-012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SURUFATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sulfatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sulfatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surufatinib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473485"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1308672-74-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B2K5L1L8S9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760894"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760894"}]}}{"C1424":{"preferredName":"Sulforaphane","code":"C1424","definitions":[{"description":"An isothiocyanate with a methylsulphinyl butane chain. The chemical structure is CS(=O)CCCCN=C=S.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A naturally-occurring phytochemical belonging to the class of isothiocyanates. As the aglycone metabolite of glucosinolate glucoraphanin (sulforaphane glucosinolate), sulforaphane acts as an antioxidant and potent stimulator of endogenous detoxifying enzymes. This agent displays anticarcinogenic properties due to its ability to induce phase II detoxification enzymes, such as glutathione S-transferase and quinone reductase, thereby providing protection against certain carcinogens and toxic, reactive oxygen species. Broccoli sprouts contain large amounts of sulforaphane, which is also found in other cruciferous vegetables including cabbage and kale. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+/-)-Sulforaphane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Isothiocyanato-4-(methylsulfinyl)butane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-isothiocyanato-4-methylsulfinyl-butane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Sulfaforaphane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulforafan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulforaphane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sulforaphane","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sulforaphane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Sulforaphane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulphoraphane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0163159"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4478-93-7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691987"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691987"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H11NOS2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sulforaphane"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:47807"}]}}{"C850":{"preferredName":"Sulindac","code":"C850","definitions":[{"description":"A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is being studied as a treatment for cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Converted in vivo to an active metabolite, sulindac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), blocks cyclic guanosine monophosphate-phosphodiesterase (cGMP-PDE), an enzyme that inhibits the normal apoptosis signal pathway; this inhibition permits the apoptotic signal pathway to proceed unopposed, resulting in apoptotic cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(Z)-5-fluoro-2-methyl-1-[[4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]methylene]-1H-indene-3-acetic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aflodac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Algocetil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apo-Sulin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arthrocine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Artribid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citireuma","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clinoril","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clisundac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imbaral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-231","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Novo-Sundac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reumofil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reumyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SULINDAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sudac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulindac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sulindac","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sulindac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulindac Sulfoxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulinol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulreuma","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-5-fluoro-2-methyl-1-[p-(methylsulfinyl)benzylidene]indene-3-acetic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sulindac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038792"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"38194-50-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Arthritis; inflammatory conditions"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"184SNS8VUH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41538"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41538"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H17FO3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sulindac"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9352"}]}}{"C1432":{"preferredName":"Sulofenur","code":"C1432","definitions":[{"description":"A diarylsulfonylurea with potential antineoplastic activity. Sulofenur's antineoplastic mechanism of action is unknown. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LY186641","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SULOFENUR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sulofenur","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sulofenur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"656667"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0165187"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"110311-27-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z45N070N3S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41122"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41122"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H15ClN2O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sulofenur"}]}}{"C156270":{"preferredName":"Sumoylation Inhibitor TAK-981","code":"C156270","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of sumoylation, with potential immune-activating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, TAK-981 targets and covalently binds to the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO; small ubiquitin-related modifier) protein, forming an adduct with SUMO protein (TAK-981-SUMO adduct). This prevents the transfer of SUMO from the SUMO-activating enzyme (SAE) to SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9. This prevents SUMO conjugation to lysine residues on target proteins and abrogates many sumoylated protein-mediated cellular processes that play key roles in tumor cells, including proliferation, DNA repair, metastasis and survival. In addition, by preventing sumoylation, TAK-981 is able to increase the production of type 1 interferon (IFN), thereby increasing type 1 IFN-mediated signaling, activating innate effector cells and enhancing the antitumor innate immune responses. This may further increase tumor cell killing. Sumoylation, a post-translational modification that attaches the SUMO protein to target proteins, plays a key role in regulating their activity, function, subcellular localization and stability. Sumoylation also plays a key role in inhibiting innate immune responses, specifically by inhibiting the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) pathway and preventing type 1 IFN expression. Abnormal sumoylation of target proteins is associated with many cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sumoylation Inhibitor TAK-981","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sumoylation Inhibitor TAK-981","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK 981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562995"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795544"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795544"}]}}{"C71622":{"preferredName":"Sunitinib","code":"C71622","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) that have not responded to treatment with imatinib mesylate (Gleevec). Sunitinib is also used to treat advanced kidney cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor, a type of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor inhibitor, and a type of angiogenesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An indolinone derivative and tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Sunitinib blocks the tyrosine kinase activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor b (PDGFRb), and c-kit, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), another receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by some leukemic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Pyrrole-3-carboxamide, N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-5-((Z)-(5-fluoro-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl)-2,4-dimethyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SUNITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sunitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sunitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sunitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1176020"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"557795-19-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V99T50803M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H27FN4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Sunitinib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38940"}]}}{"C26673":{"preferredName":"Sunitinib Malate","code":"C26673","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) that have not responded to treatment with imatinib mesylate (Gleevec). SU011248 is also used to treat advanced kidney cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor, a type of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor inhibitor, and a type of angiogenesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The orally bioavailable malate salt of an indolinone-based tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Sunitinib blocks the tyrosine kinase activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor b (PDGFRb), and c-kit, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), another receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by some leukemic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Butanedioic acid, hydroxy-, (2S)-, compd. with N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-5-((Z)-(5-fluoro-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl)-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SU011248","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SU011248","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SU11248","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SU11248","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SUNITINIB MALATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sunitinib Malate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sunitinib Malate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sunitinib Malate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sutent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Sutent","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sunitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sunitinib malate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"736511"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1700685"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"341031-54-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor; Advanced Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LVX8N1UT73"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299061"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299061"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H27FN4O2.C4H6O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SU11248"}]}}{"C158082":{"preferredName":"Super Enhancer Inhibitor GZ17-6.02","code":"C158082","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic formulation of the Arum palaestinum plant that has been fortified with the already naturally occurring constituents of isovanillin, linolenic acid, and beta-sitosterol, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, GZ17-6.02 may induce apoptosis through caspase-3 activation and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, inhibit tumor cell progression by attenuating macrophage infiltration, and inhibit the phosphorylation of several mediators of tumor cell proliferation including Src kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B), signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT-2), and serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk2 (Chk-2). GZ17-6.02 may also inhibit certain super enhancers (SEs) that play an important role in the regulation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway and cancer stem cell activity. Super enhancers (SEs) are unique areas of the genome that are densely bound by numerous transcription factors and play a pivotal role in the cell, including tissue specification, identity and maintenance. SEs are known to regulate the expression of associated genes and often drive high-level transcription.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GZ17 6.02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GZ17-6.02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GZ176.02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Super Enhancer Inhibitor GZ17-6.02","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic Arum palaestinum derivative GZ17-6.02","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937695"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797048"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797048"}]}}{"C107503":{"preferredName":"Superagonist Interleukin-15:Interleukin-15 Receptor alphaSu/Fc Fusion Complex ALT-803","code":"C107503","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein complex composed of a mutated form of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 (IL-15N72D) and a soluble, dimeric IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra) Fc fusion protein (IL-15Ra-Fc) (IL-15N72D/IL-15Ra-Fc), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, superagonist interleukin-15:interleukin-15 receptor alphaSu/Fc fusion complex ALT-803 binds to the IL-2/IL-15 receptor beta-common gamma chain (IL-2Rbetagamma) receptor on natural killer (NK) and CD8+ T lymphocytes, which activates and increases the levels of NK cells and memory CD8+(CD44high) T-cells. The memory T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. This may increase tumor cell killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. IL-15 regulates CD8+ T and NK cell development, activation and proliferation. By coupling IL-15 to IL15Ra-Fc, this agent has a prolonged drug half-life and shows an increased ability to bind IL-2Rbetagamma, which enhances its immune stimulatory activity as compared to IL-15 alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALT-803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-15N72D/IL-15Ra-Fc","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-15N72D:IL-15RaSu/Fc Fusion Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superagonist Interleukin-15:Interleukin-15 Receptor alphaSu/Fc Fusion Complex ALT-803","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Superagonist Interleukin-15:Interleukin-15 Receptor alphaSu/Fc Fusion Complex ALT-803","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3658787"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751380"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751380"}]}}{"C853":{"preferredName":"Suramin","code":"C853","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat infections caused by parasites. It is also being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called antiprotozoals and anthelmintics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A polysulphonated naphthylurea with potential antineoplastic activity. Suramin blocks the binding of various growth factors, including insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), epidermal growth factor (EGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), to their receptors, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and migration. This agent also inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)- and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced angiogenesis; retroviral reverse transcriptase; uncoupling of G-proteins from receptors; topoisomerases; cellular folate transport; and steroidogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SURAMIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Suramin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Suramin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"suramin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038880"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"145-63-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Trypanosomiasis; hormone-refractory prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6032D45BEM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40052"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40052"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C51H40N6O23S6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Suramin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:45906"}]}}{"C1848":{"preferredName":"Suramin Sodium","code":"C1848","definitions":[{"description":"A sodium salt form of suramin, a polysulphonated naphthylurea with potential antineoplastic activity. Suramin blocks the binding of various growth factors, including insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), epidermal growth factor (EGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), to their receptors, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and migration. This agent also inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)- and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced angiogenesis; retroviral reverse transcriptase; uncoupling of G-proteins from receptors; topoisomerases; cellular folate transport; and steroidogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"309 F","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"309 F","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8,8'-(Carbonylbis(imino-3,1-phenylenecarbonylimino(4-methyl-3,1-phenylene)carbonylimino))bis-1,3,5-naphthalenetrisulfonic Acid Hexasodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antrypol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Antrypol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bayer 205","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bayer 205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Belganyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fourneau 309","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fourneau 309","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Germanin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Germanin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metaret","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moranyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Moranyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Naganin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Naganin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Naganinum","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Naganol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Naganol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Naphuride","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SURAMIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sodium Suramin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium suramin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Suramin Hexasodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Suramin Hexasodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Suramin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Suramin sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"34936"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0813205"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"129-46-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"African trypanosomiasis; onchocerciasis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"89521262IH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C51H34N6O23S6.6Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Suramin_Sodium"}]}}{"C37449":{"preferredName":"Survivin Antigen","code":"C37449","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor-associated antigen. Vaccination with survivin antigen may result in a cytotoxic T-cell response against survivin antigen-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. Overexpressed in many tumors, endogenous survivin inhibits tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Survivin Antigen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Survivin Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515097"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346072"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346072"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Survivin_Antigen"}]}}{"C97951":{"preferredName":"Survivin Antigen Vaccine DPX-Survivac","code":"C97951","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid depot-based therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of survivin epitopes, a universal T Helper peptide and a polynucleotide adjuvant encapsulated in liposomes and then formulated in the hydrophobic carrier Montanide ISA51 VG, with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon injection of the survivin antigen vaccine DPX-Survivac, a depot is created at the injection site from which the antigens and adjuvant are released. This vaccine may elicit a long lasting cellular response against survivin-expressing cancers, resulting in a decrease in tumor cell proliferation and an induction of tumor cell death. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family expressed during embryonic development, is upregulated in a variety of human cancers while absent in most normal adult cells; its expression in tumors is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, decreased survival, and increased resistance to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DPX-Survivac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Survivin Antigen Vaccine DPX-Survivac","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Survivin Antigen Vaccine DPX-Survivac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430558"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709395"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709395"}]}}{"C92578":{"preferredName":"Survivin mRNA Antagonist EZN-3042","code":"C92578","definitions":[{"description":"A locked nucleic acid (LNA) antisense oligonucleotide targeting survivin mRNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. EZN-3042 hybridizes to survivin mRNA, thereby blocking translation of survivin protein and inhibiting survivin-induced anti-apoptotic activity and promoting tumor cell apoptosis in survivin-overexpressing tumor cells. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family expressed during embryonic development, is upregulated in a variety of human cancers while absent in most normal adult cells; its expression in tumors is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, decreased survival, and increased resistance to chemotherapy. LNAs contain a methylene bridge linking 2'-oxygen and 4'-carbon of ribose sugar rings, thereby increasing their stability and decreasing degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EZN-3042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LNA-RNA Antagonist EZN-3042","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Survivin mRNA Antagonist EZN-3042","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Survivin mRNA Antagonist EZN-3042","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2973480"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684391"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684391"}]}}{"C158607":{"preferredName":"Survivin-expressing CVD908ssb-TXSVN Vaccine","code":"C158607","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable Salmonella-based survivin vaccine composed of a weakened form of a live strain of Salmonella bacteria (CVD908ssb strain) that has been genetically modified to produce the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) survivin, with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the CVD908ssb-TXSVN vaccine, the expressed survivin stimulates the immune response to elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against survivin-expressing cancer cells, resulting in a decrease in tumor cell proliferation and an induction of tumor cell death. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family expressed during embryonic development, is upregulated in a variety of human cancers while absent in most normal adult cells; its expression in tumors is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, decreased survival, and increased resistance to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CVD908ssb-TXSVN","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salmonella-based Survivin Vaccine CVD908ssb-TXSVN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Survivin-expressing CVD908ssb-TXSVN Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TXSVN","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938073"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797123"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797123"}]}}{"C116884":{"preferredName":"Sustained-release Lipid Inhaled Cisplatin","code":"C116884","definitions":[{"description":"A sustained-release formulation for inhalation in which the inorganic platinum (Pt) agent cisplatin is encapsulated in lipids, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon inhalation of the sustained-release lipid inhalation targeting (SLIT) cisplatin into the lungs, this agent forms highly reactive, positively charged, Pt complexes, which covalently bind to nucleophilic groups in DNA, preferably at the N7 position of guanine bases. Pt complex binding introduces intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, and DNA-Pt-protein cross-links. These cross-links result in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition of lung cancer cells. Encasement in liposomes prolongs cisplatin's efficacy when compared to intravenously administered cisplatin; inhalation of cisplatin improves its concentration at tumor sites in the lungs while minimizing its systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SLIT Cisplatin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR Inhaled Lipid Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Lipid Inhalation Targeting Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Lipid Inhaled Cisplatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Lipid Inhaled Cisplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541510"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"420851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"420851"}]}}{"C126642":{"preferredName":"Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation UGN-101","code":"C126642","definitions":[{"description":"A sustained-release (SR) hydrogel polymer-based formulation containing the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C (MMC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon local administration of the SR MMC hydrogel formulation to the upper urinary tract via a ureteral catheter, the gel solidifies and deposits MMC locally to prevent the excretion of this chemotherapeutic agent via urinary flow. In turn, MMC alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Due to its reverse thermal-gelation properties, this gel is able to stay in a liquid state at cold temperatures and solidifies at body temperature. This allows for increased accumulation of MMC locally in the upper urinary tract which leads to increased efficacy compared to standard intravesical delivery of MMC for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MP77-08","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitogel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTGel with MMC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTGel with Mitomycin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR Mitomycin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Mitomycin C Gel Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation UGN-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UGN-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503759"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779705"}]}}{"C158422":{"preferredName":"Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation UGN-102","code":"C158422","definitions":[{"description":"A sustained-release (SR) reverse thermal (RT) hydrogel formulation containing the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C (MMC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical instillation of the SR MMC hydrogel formulation UGN-102, the liquid converts into gel form and conforms to the bladder wall, allowing MMC to be deposited locally in the bladder to prevent the excretion of this chemotherapeutic agent via urinary flow. In turn, MMC alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis resulting in inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Due to its reverse thermal-gelation properties, this gel is able to stay in a liquid state at cold temperatures, at 4 degrees Celsius, and transition to a water-soluble gel at body temperature. This allows for increased accumulation of MMC locally in the upper urinary tract which leads to increased efficacy compared to standard intravesical delivery of MMC for bladder cancer. Compared to UGN-101, in UGN-102 the strength of MMC is lower.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intravesical Mitomycin Gel UGN-102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MMC + UG-1 Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitomycin Urothelial Gel UGN-102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTGel with Mitomycin C UGN-102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation UGN-102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation UGN-102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UGN 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UGN-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UGN102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vesigel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937895"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797493"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797493"}]}}{"C123912":{"preferredName":"Syk Inhibitor HMPL-523","code":"C123912","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of Syk inhibitor HMPL-523, this agent binds to and inhibits the activity of Syk. This inhibits B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, which leads to the inhibition of B-cell activation, and prevents tumor cell activation, migration, adhesion and proliferation. Syk, a non-receptor cytoplasmic, BCR-associated tyrosine kinase, is expressed in hematopoietic tissues and is often overexpressed in hematopoietic malignancies; it plays a key role in B-cell receptor signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HMPL-523","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor HMPL-523","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syk Inhibitor HMPL-523","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498276"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775837"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775837"}]}}{"C2650":{"preferredName":"Synchrotope TA2M Plasmid DNA Vaccine","code":"C2650","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant plasmid DNA vaccine encoding epitopes of tyrosinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Synchrotope TA2M vaccine contains a plasmid encoding 2 epitopes, amino acid sequences 207-216 and 1-17 of tyrosinase, a protein frequently expressed by melanoma cells. Vaccination with the TA2M plasmid DNA vaccine may induce the production of anti-tyrosinase antibodies as well as elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tyrosinase-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Synchrotope TA2M Plasmid DNA Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134471"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38415"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38415"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Synchrotope_TA2M_Plasmid_DNA_Vaccine"}]}}{"C28549":{"preferredName":"Synchrovax SEM Plasmid DNA Vaccine","code":"C28549","definitions":[{"description":"A bivalent DNA vaccine encoding epitopes for both Melan-A (MART-1) and tyrosinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Synchrovax SEM plasmid DNA vaccine contains a plasmid pSEM that encodes 4 epitopes: Melan-A (26-35), Melan-A (31-96), tyrosinase (1-9), and tyrosinase (369-377). Both Melan-A and tyrosinase are tumor antigens associated with melanoma. Vaccination with this plasmid DNA vaccine may induce both humoral and cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) responses against cells expressing either or both of these antigens, resulting in decreased tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Synchrotope MA2M Plasmid DNA Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synchrovax SEM Plasmid DNA Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134580"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38555"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38555"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Synchrovax_SEM_Plasmid_DNA_Vaccine"}]}}{"C62763":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Alkaloid PM00104","code":"C62763","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic alkaloid compound, related to natural alkaloid compounds, found in molluscs (jorumycin) and sponges (renieramycins), with potential antineoplastic activity. PM00104 reversibly binds to DNA, thereby inducing cytotoxicity due to its interference with DNA replication, transcription, and translation processes. DNA binding by this agent does not trigger DNA damage checkpoint responses, hence PM00104 demonstrates a manageable and reversible cytotoxicity as part of its antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PM00104","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synthetic Alkaloid PM00104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zalypsis","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"19584237"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1568937"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"502184"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"502184"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PM00104"}]}}{"C116332":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Glioblastoma Mutated Tumor-specific Peptides Vaccine Therapy APVAC2","code":"C116332","definitions":[{"description":"A personalized peptide-based cancer vaccine comprised of one or two de novo synthesized patient-specific tumor-mutated peptides associated with glioblastoma (GB), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with synthetic GB mutated tumor-specific peptides vaccine therapy APVAC2 stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the selected mutated tumor-associated peptides, which results in decreased GB growth. These peptides are specifically selected and synthesized based on the expression of the patient's own mutated tumor-associated antigens, which were detected during individual tumor genome sequencing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APVAC2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic Glioblastoma Mutated Tumor-specific Peptides Vaccine Therapy APVAC2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473666"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761688"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761688"}]}}{"C116331":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Glioblastoma Tumor-associated Peptides Vaccine Therapy APVAC1","code":"C116331","definitions":[{"description":"A personalized peptide-based cancer vaccine comprised of five to ten peptides associated with glioblastoma (GB), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with synthetic GB tumor-associated peptides vaccine therapy APVAC1 stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the tumor associated peptides, and results in decreased GB growth. The peptides are derived from a glioma actively personalized vaccine consortium (GAPVAC) warehouse and are specifically selected based on the patient's expression of tumor-associated antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APVAC1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic Glioblastoma Tumor-associated Peptides Vaccine Therapy APVAC1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473665"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761678"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761678"}]}}{"C122400":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Hypericin","code":"C122400","definitions":[{"description":"A topical ointment formulation containing a synthetic form of hypericin, an anthraquinone derivative that is naturally found in the yellow flower of Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort), with potential antineoplastic and photosensitizing activities. Upon topical administration of the ointment to the tumor site, hypericin becomes activated through the application of visible fluorescent light. During photoactivation, hypericin generates singlet oxygen, which induces DNA damage, necrosis and apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth. The use of visible light for activation avoids the risk of developing secondary malignancies, which are frequently associated with other photodynamic therapies that are dependent on ultraviolet A exposure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Synthetic Hypericin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synthetic Hypericin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topical SGX301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053962"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772561"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772561"}]}}{"C129652":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Long E6 Peptide-Toll-like Receptor Ligand Conjugate Vaccine ISA201","code":"C129652","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic peptide vaccine consisting of two highly immunogenic synthetic long peptides (SLPs), which are 25-35 amino acids in size, derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 oncoprotein E6, and conjugated to a proprietary toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) ligand (TLR2-L) immunoadjuvant, with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, the TLR2-L moiety of the synthetic long E6 peptides TLR ligand conjugate vaccine targets and binds to TLRs expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), particularly dendritic cells (DCs). This increases the direct targeting of, binding to, uptake by, and processing of the SLPs into small pieces by the DCs. The processed viral epitopes are presented by DCs, which activate and stimulate the host immune system to mount specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and helper T (Th) cell responses against HPV E6-expressing tumor cells. This results in the destruction of tumor cells and leads to decreased growth of HPV E6-expressing tumor cells. The E6 oncoprotein is implicated in tumorigenesis in a variety of cancers. The TLR2-L improves antigen processing and presentation by, and activation of APCs, thereby improving the immunostimulatory effect of the vaccine. The two peptides cover the most immunodominant regions of the HPV16 E6 oncogenic protein and contain both Th and CTL epitopes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV E Six Peptide Conjugated to Amplivant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV16 peptides AMPLIVANT Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hespecta","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISA201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV E6 Peptides-Amplivant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV16 E6 Peptide Conjugated to Amplivant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLP HPV16 E6/Amplivant Vaccine ISA201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLP-Amplivant ISA201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic Long E6 Peptide-Toll-like Receptor Ligand Conjugate Vaccine ISA201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512627"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784216"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784216"}]}}{"C111037":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Long E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine HPV-01","code":"C111037","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic peptide vaccine consisting of thirteen synthetic long peptides (SLPs), which are 25-35 amino acids in size, derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 oncoproteins E6 and E7, with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, synthetic long E6/E7 peptides vaccine HPV-01 is taken up and degraded into small pieces by dendritic cells. The processed viral epitopes are presented by dendritic cells, which may stimulate the host immune system to mount both cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte (CTL) and helper T cell responses against HPV E6/E7-expressing tumor cells. This results in the destruction of tumor cells and leads to decreased tumor growth. The E6 and E7 oncoproteins are implicated in the tumorigenesis in a variety of cancers. The SLPs allow for optimal presentation by antigen-presenting cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISA101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLP-HPV-01","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic Long E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine HPV-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synthetic Long E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine HPV-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL453544"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751803"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751803"}]}}{"C150809":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Long HPV16 E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine ISA101b","code":"C150809","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic peptide vaccine consisting of nine overlapping synthetic long peptides (SLPs), 25 to 32 amino acids in size, derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (HPV16) oncoprotein E6 and three SLPs, each 35 amino acids in size, derived from HPV16 E7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the synthetic long HPV16 E6/E7 peptides vaccine ISA101b is taken up and the long peptides are proteolytically degraded to form shorter peptide epitopes by dendritic cells (DCs). The processed viral epitopes are presented by DCs, which stimulate the host immune system to mount helper T-cell and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses against HPV16 E6/E7-expressing tumor cells. This results in the destruction of tumor cells and leads to decreased tumor growth. The HPV16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins are implicated in the tumorigenesis of a variety of cancers. The SLPs allow optimal presentation by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Compared to ISA101, the E6 SLPs in ISA101b are identical, overlap by ten to eighteen residues and cover the complete sequence of HPV16 E6. However, ISA101 has four overlapping SLPs E7 peptides while ISA101b has three E7 SLPs, which leaves seven amino acids of the E7 SLPs uncovered in ISA101b but this modification is not likely to alter the immunogenicity of ISA101b.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV16 E6/E7-SLP ISA101b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISA 101b","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISA-101b","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISA101b","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic Long HPV16 E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine ISA101b","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synthetic Long HPV16 E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine ISA101b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552668"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793552"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793552"}]}}{"C120118":{"preferredName":"Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1400","code":"C120118","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA vaccine consisting of a plasmid encoding the full-length sequence of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), which is the catalytic subunit of human telomerase and synthesizes telomeric DNA at the chromosome ends, containing two immunogenic mutations, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal vaccination of the hTERT encoding DNA vaccine INO-1400 in combination with electroporation, hTERT protein is expressed and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. Telomerase prolongs the functional lifespan of cells via the restoration and maintenance of telomere length. Abnormally activated in tumorigenesis, telomerase is expressed in the majority of human cancer cells, but its expression is low or non-existent in normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INO-1400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1400","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1400","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896835"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768008"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768008"}]}}{"C142139":{"preferredName":"Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1401","code":"C142139","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA vaccine consisting of a plasmid encoding a synthetic, full-length sequence of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), which was derived from the consensus sequence from humans and primates and contains two immunogenic mutations (SynCon TERT), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of INO-1401 in combination with electroporation, TERT protein is expressed and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. TERT is the catalytic subunit of telomerase and synthesizes telomeric DNA at the chromosome ends. Telomerase prolongs the functional lifespan of cells via the restoration and maintenance of telomere length. Abnormally activated in tumorigenesis, TERT is expressed by many types of human cancer cells, but its expression is low or non-existent in normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INO-1401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SynCon TERT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1401","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540179"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791450"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791450"}]}}{"C26674":{"preferredName":"T900607","code":"C26674","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called tubulin-binding agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pentafluorophenylsulfonamide compound with potential antineoplastic activity. T900607 inhibits tubulin polymerization by binding irreversibly to colchicine binding sites, resulting in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T900607","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"T900607","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T900607","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327873"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"271169"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"271169"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"T900607"}]}}{"C150585":{"preferredName":"TAM/c-Met Inhibitor RXDX-106","code":"C150585","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activity of both hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met; HGFR) and receptors in the TYRO3, AXL, and MER (TAM) family, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of TAM/c-Met inhibitor RXDX-106, this agent selectively targets and binds to TYRO3, AXL, MER and c-Met, and prevents their RTK activity. This blocks TYRO3/AXL/MER/c-Met-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits the proliferation and migration of TYRO3-, AXL-, MER- and c-Met-overexpressing tumor cells. Inhibition of the TAM family in the tumor microenvironment (TME) activates the immune system in the TME, reverses TAM mediated immunosuppression and enhances the anti-tumor immune response, which lead to immune-mediated tumor cell killing. TYRO3, AXL and MER, members of the TAM family of RTKs, are overexpressed in many tumor cell types. TAMs play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis, and their expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis. c-Met, also overexpressed in many tumor cell types, plays a critical role in tumor formation, proliferation, invasion and metastasis, and contributes to tumor resistance. In the TME, TAM expression on immune cells contributes to tumor cell evasion of immune surveillance and to the negative regulation of immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEP 40783","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-40783","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP40783","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-(6,7-Dimethoxyquinolin-4-yl)oxy-3-fluorophenyl]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,4-dioxo-1-propan-2-ylpyrimidine-5-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX 106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAM/c-Met Inhibitor RXDX-106","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TAM/c-Met Inhibitor RXDX-106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TYRO3/AXL/MER/c-Met Inhibitor RXDX-106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552337"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1437321-24-8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793447"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632219"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793447"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632219"}]}}{"C160258":{"preferredName":"TGF-beta Receptor 1 Inhibitor PF-06952229","code":"C160258","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFbR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TGF-betaR1 inhibitor PF-06952229 specifically targets and binds to TGFbR1, which prevents TGFbR1-mediated signal transduction. This abrogates TGFbR1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor cell death. This may lead to a reduction in TGFbR1-dependent proliferation of cancer cells. The TGFb signaling pathway is often deregulated in tumors and plays a key role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, invasion, and angiogenesis. It plays a key role in immunosuppression in the TME.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PF 06952229","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06952229","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF06952229","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGF-beta Receptor 1 Inhibitor PF-06952229","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TGF-beta Receptor 1 Inhibitor PF-06952229","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFbR1 Inhibitor PF-06952229","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798316"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798316"}]}}{"C29483":{"preferredName":"TGFa-PE38 Immunotoxin ","code":"C29483","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of brain tumors. It combines a protein that binds to certain tumor cells with a bacterial toxin that kills tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant, chimeric toxin composed of human transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) fused to a fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE38) without its cell-binding domain. The TGF-alpha moiety of the agent attaches to tumor cells expressing the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR); the exotoxin induces caspase-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage; it also catalyzes the transfer of ADP ribose from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to elongation factor-2 in eukaryotic cells, thereby inactivating elongation factor 2 and inhibiting protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervene","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFa-PE38 Immunotoxin ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP-38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP-38 immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"726586"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328109"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346468"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346468"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"TP-38"}]}}{"C132013":{"preferredName":"TGFbeta Inhibitor LY3200882","code":"C132013","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable agent that targets transforming growth factor-beta (TGFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, LY3200882 specifically targets and binds to TGFb, which prevents both the binding of TGFb to its receptor TGFbR and TGFb-mediated signal transduction. This may lead to a reduction in TGFb-dependent proliferation of cancer cells. The TGFb signaling pathway is often deregulated in tumors, and plays a key role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, invasion, angiogenesis, and various immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LY 3200882","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3200882","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFb Inhibitor LY 3200882","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFbeta Inhibitor LY3200882","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TGFbeta Inhibitor LY3200882","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520999"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787604"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787604"}]}}{"C159817":{"preferredName":"TGFbeta Receptor Ectodomain-IgG Fc Fusion Protein AVID200","code":"C159817","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein composed of the ectodomain of the transforming growth factor (TGF) beta (TGF-beta; TGFb) receptor fused to the human immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic, immunomodulating and anti-fibrotic activities. Upon administration of the TGFb receptor ectodomain-IgG Fc fusion protein AVID200, the fusion protein specifically and selectively targets, binds to and neutralizes the TGF ligands TGF-beta isoform 1 (TGFb1) and 3 (TGFb3). This prevents TGF ligands from binding to TGF receptors and prevents TGFb-mediated signaling. This abrogates TGFb1/3-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor cell death. This may lead to a reduction in TGFb-dependent proliferation of cancer cells. By preventing TGFb1/3-mediated signaling, AVID200 also prevents bone marrow fibrosis and promotes the proliferation of normal hematopoietic progenitors. TGFb, overproduced in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and in many other types of cancer, plays a key role in immunosuppression in the TME, enhances tumor cell proliferation, and promotes cancer progression. The TGFb1 and TGFb3 isoforms are negative regulators of hematopoiesis that play key roles in the pathogenesis and progression of fibrotic diseases. By selectively targeting only specific isoforms of TGFb with minimal activity against TGFb2, AVID200 minimizes the potential for cardiotoxicity and promotion of metastasis. The TGFb2 isoform promotes hematopoiesis and plays a key role in normal cardiac function while the inhibition of the TGFb2 isoform promotes metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVID 200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVID-200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVID200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGF-beta 1/3 Inhibitor AVID200","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFb Inhibitor AVID200","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFbeta Ligand Trap AVID200","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFbeta Receptor Ectodomain-IgG Fc Fusion Protein AVID200","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TGFbeta Receptor Ectodomain-IgG Fc Fusion Protein AVID200","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFbeta-neutralizing Agent AVID200","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797961"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797961"}]}}{"C88275":{"preferredName":"THL-P","code":"C88275","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, oral Chinese medicinal herb preparation with potential antioxidant, immunomodulating, and antineoplastic activities. THL-P (Tien-Hsien Liquid-P) contains fourteen Chinese medicinal herbs including: Cordyceps sinensis, Oldenlandia diffusa, Indigo pulverata levis, Polyporus umbellatus, Radix astragali, Panax ginseng, Solanum nigrum L., Pogostemon cablin, Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma, Trichosanthes radix, Clematis radix, Margarite, Ligustrum lucidum Ait and Glycyrrhiza radix. Administered as an oral liquid, THL-P may modulate the activity of natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and enhance the secretion of interleukins (ILs) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). This agent may also induce G2/M cell cycle arrest and downregulate several important oncogenic signaling pathways.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"THL-P","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412464"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655959"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655959"}]}}{"C140041":{"preferredName":"TIGIT-targeting Agent MK-7684","code":"C140041","definitions":[{"description":"An antagonistic agent targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT; T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains; T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MK-7684 targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs) and natural killer (NK) cells, thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5), which are expressed on T-cells, NK cells and certain cancer cells. This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as NK cells and CD8+ T-cells, and activates CD226-mediated signaling. This activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family and an immune inhibitory receptor, is overexpressed on tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T-cells and CD8+ TILs and plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MK 7684","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-7684","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MK-7684","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK7684","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-cell Immunoglobulin and Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Inhibitory Motif Inhibitor MK-7684","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIGIT Inhibitor MK-7684","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIGIT-targeting Agent MK-7684","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TIGIT-targeting Agent MK-7684","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538225"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5XO3JF0FEK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791161"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791161"}]}}{"C2102":{"preferredName":"TLC ELL-12","code":"C2102","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation of the ether lipid 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine with potential antineoplastic activity. TLC ELL-12 induces tumor cell apoptosis via mitochondria- and caspase-mediated mechanisms. Liposomal encapsulation reduces the free agent's hemolytic toxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-0-Octadecyl-2-O-methyl-Sn-3-glycero-phosphocholine Liposome","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELL-12","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLC ELL-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1313443"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"TLC_ELL-12"}]}}{"C156395":{"preferredName":"TLR Agonist BDB001","code":"C156395","definitions":[{"description":"A toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, TLR agonist BDB001 activates one or more not yet disclosed TLRs, which may result in macrophage and plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) stimulation; secretion of interferon alpha (IFNa); production of proinflammatory cytokines; upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules; enhanced T- and B-cell stimulatory responses; T-cell proliferation; and a T-helper 1 (Th1) immune response. TLRs are transmembrane receptors that recognize structurally conserved microbial molecules such as bacterial cell-surface lipopolysaccharides (LPS), lipoproteins, lipopeptides, lipoarabinomannan and flagellin, among others; immune responses stimulated by TLR activation may result in immune-mediated tumor cell killing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BDB 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BDB-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BDB001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR Agonist BDB001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toll-like Receptor Agonist BDB001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563098"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795388"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795388"}]}}{"C158747":{"preferredName":"TLR Agonist BSG-001","code":"C158747","definitions":[{"description":"A toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon inhalation, TLR agonist BSG-001 activates one or more not yet disclosed TLRs, which may result in macrophage and plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) stimulation, secretion of interferon alpha (IFNa), production of proinflammatory cytokines, upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules, enhanced T- and B-cell stimulatory responses, T-cell proliferation and a T-helper 1 (Th1) immune response. TLRs are transmembrane receptors that recognize structurally conserved microbial molecules such as bacterial cell-surface lipopolysaccharides (LPS), lipoproteins, lipopeptides, lipoarabinomannan and flagellin, among others. Immune responses stimulated by TLR activation may result in immune-mediated tumor cell killing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BSG 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSG-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSG001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syngenon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR Agonist BSG-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797412"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797412"}]}}{"C77884":{"preferredName":"TLR Agonist CADI-05","code":"C77884","definitions":[{"description":"A poly-Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist polyantigenic vaccine containing heat killed Mycobacterium indicus pranii (Mycobacterium w or Mw) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, poly-TLR agonist polyantigenic vaccine activates a number of TLRs, which may result in macrophage and plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) stimulation; secretion of interferon alpha; production of pro-inflammatory cytokines; upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules, enhanced T and B-cell stimulatory responses; T cell proliferation, and a Th1 immune response. TLRs are transmembrane receptors that recognize structurally conserved microbial molecules such as bacterial cell-surface lipopolysaccharides (LPS), lipoproteins, lipopeptides, lipoarabinomannan and flagellin, among others; immune responses stimulated by TLR activation may result in antineoplastic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CADI-05","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR Agonist CADI-05","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toll-like Receptor Agonist CADI-05","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387125"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598873"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598873"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"TLR_Agonist_CADI-05"}]}}{"C82353":{"preferredName":"TLR-Directed Cationic Lipid-DNA Complex JVRS-100","code":"C82353","definitions":[{"description":"A cationic lipid DNA complex (CLDC) consisting of DOTIM/cholesterol liposomes and plasmid DNA, containing immunostimulatory CpG and non-CpG motifs, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon systemic administration, TLR-directed cationic lipid-DNA complex JVRS-100 enters dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages; immunostimulatory DNA binds to and activates Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which may result in the generation of anti-tumor natural killer (NK) cell and T-cell responses by the innate immune system. In addition, as a vaccine adjuvant, this agent may induce a strong cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response to co-administered antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JVRS-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR-Directed Cationic Lipid-DNA Complex JVRS-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toll-Like Receptor-Directed Cationic Lipid-DNA Complex JVRS-100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408634"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639691"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639691"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cationic_Lipid-DNA_Complex_JVRS-100"}]}}{"C61104":{"preferredName":"TLR7 Agonist 852A","code":"C61104","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of certain adult and childhood blood cancers and other types of cancer. 852A may help the patient's immune system block tumor growth. It is a type of immune system modulator.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic imidazoquinoline Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist with immunostimulating and potential antitumor activities. TLR7 agonist 852A binds to and activates TLR7, thereby stimulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) through the TLR7-MyD88-dependent signaling pathway. Activation of pDC results in secretion of interferon alpha, the production of proimflammatory cytokines, the upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules, and enhanced T and B-cell stimulatory responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"852A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"852A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR7 Agonist 852A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541384"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"396824"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"396824"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_852A"}]}}{"C114975":{"preferredName":"Bazlitoran","code":"C114975","definitions":[{"description":"An oligonucleotide targeted to the mRNA of MYD88 L265P, a mutant form of the linker protein MYD88, with potential antitumor activity. Bazlitoran binds to and inhibits the translation of mutated MYD88 L265P mRNA. This prevents overactivation of signaling pathways mediated by toll-like receptors (TLRs) 7, 8, and 9, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) activity, Janus-associated kinases-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling and the production of various cytokines. Together, this leads to an induction of apoptosis and an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in MYD88 L265P-expressing tumor cells. MYD88, a key adaptor protein in the TLR signaling pathway, is mutated in a variety of B-cell lymphomas, including Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) and activated B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ABC-DLBCL).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAZLITORAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bazlitoran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMO-8400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligonucleotide IMO-8400","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472572"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1378549-07-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2U46M95B5M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759500"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759500"}]}}{"C160500":{"preferredName":"TLR8 Agonist DN1508052","code":"C160500","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8; CD288) agonist with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, TLR8 agonist DN1508052 binds to TLR8, which is expressed in myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), monocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells. This may lead to the activation of nuclear factor NF-kappa-B, the release of proinflammatory cytokines and a Th1-weighted anti-tumor immune response. Additionally, activation of TLR8 signaling in tumor cells may block the induction and reverse the suppression of senescent naive and tumor-specific T-cells, resulting in enhanced anti-tumor immunity. TLR8, like other TLRs, recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and plays a key role in innate and adaptive immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DN A1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN-1508052","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN-A1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN1508052","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN1508052-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR8 Agonist DN-A1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR8 Agonist DN1508052","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TLR8 Agonist DN1508052","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR8 Agonist DN1508052-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798329"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798329"}]}}{"C157771":{"preferredName":"TLR9 Agonist AST-008","code":"C157771","definitions":[{"description":"A spherical nucleic acid (SN)-based agonist of toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, TLR9 agonist AST-008 targets and is able to enter various immune cells, including monocytes/macrophages, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), natural killer (NK) cells and B cells, through endocytosis. Within the endosome, it binds to and activates TLR9. TLR9 activation induces immune signaling pathways and activates various immune cells, including B-cells, pDCs, NKs, and induces both the production of T-helper 1 cells (Th1) and a Th1-mediated immune response as well as a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-based immune response against tumor cells. This results in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. TLR9 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. The SNA is a dense, radial arrangement of nucleic acids (DNA) on the surface of liposomal nanoparticles, providing a 3D-construct, that has a high cellular uptake and an increased presentation of the DNA for TLR9 agonism. It also protects against breakdown by nucleases and increases the half-life of the construct compared to linear oligonucleotides that are not in SNA format.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AST 008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AST-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AST008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNA AST-008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR9 Agonist AST-008","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TLR9 Agonist AST-008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toll-like Receptor 9 Activator AST-008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937384"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797159"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797159"}]}}{"C101795":{"preferredName":"TORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor DS-3078a","code":"C101795","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of raptor-mTOR protein complex (TORC1) and rictor-mTOR protein complex (TORC2) with potential antineoplastic activity. TORC1/2 inhibitor DS-3078a binds to and inhibits both TORC1 and TORC2, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. TORC1 and 2 are upregulated in some tumors and play an important role in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which is frequently dysregulated in human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS-3078a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor DS-3078a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435913"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733685"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733685"}]}}{"C2374":{"preferredName":"TP40 Immunotoxin","code":"C2374","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric fusion protein containing human transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-a) covalently linked to a truncated form of the bacterial toxin Pseudomonas exotoxin A, PE40, with potential antitumor activity. PE40 lacks the cell-binding domain, but retains domains II and III that are involved in membrane translocation and inhibition of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. TGF-a moiety of the TP40 immunotoxin binds to and activates epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a tyrosine kinase receptor overexpressed on certain cancer cells. After internalization, the endotoxin moiety of the immunotoxin-receptor complex causes protein synthesis inhibition via modifying translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), thereby impedes tumor cell growth and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TP40","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP40 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transforming Growth Factor-Alpha-Pseudomonas Exotoxin-40","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0247342"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41531"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41531"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"TP40_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C146854":{"preferredName":"TRAIL Receptor Agonist ABBV-621","code":"C146854","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein composed of a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor agonist consisting of six receptor binding domains (RBDs) of TRAIL fused to the Fc-domain of a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody, with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of TRAIL receptor agonist ABBV-621, this fusion protein binds to TRAIL-receptors, pro-apoptotic death receptors (DRs) TRAIL-R1 (death receptor 4; DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (death receptor 5; DR5), expressed on tumor cells, thereby inducing tumor cell apoptosis. ABBV-621 is designed to maximize receptor clustering for optimal efficacy. TRAIL, a member of the TNF superfamily of cytokines, plays a key role in the induction of apoptosis through TRAIL-mediated death receptor pathways.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 621","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-621","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV621","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG880","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HERA Ligand ABBV-621","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexavalent TRAIL Receptor Agonist ABBV-621","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAIL Receptor Agonist ABBV-621","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TRAIL Receptor Agonist ABBV-621","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAIL-Fc Protein ABBV-621","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAIL-receptor Agonist Fusion Protein ABBV-621","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544836"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792269"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792269"}]}}{"C80491":{"preferredName":"TRK Inhibitor AZD6918","code":"C80491","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available liquid suspension containing the tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) inhibitor AZD6918 with potential antineoplastic activity. AZD6918 binds to Trk, thereby preventing neurotrophin-Trk interaction and Trk activation, and may eventually result in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of tumor cells that express Trk. Trk, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD6918","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK Inhibitor AZD6918","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388367"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613519"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613519"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AZD6918"}]}}{"C162345":{"preferredName":"TRPM8 Agonist D-3263","code":"C162345","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule agonist for transient receptor potential melastatin member 8 (TRPM8 or Trp-p8), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TRPM8 agonist D-3263 targets, binds to and activates TRPM8, which may result in an increase in intracellular calcium and sodium influx; the disruption of calcium and sodium homeostasis; and the induction of cell death in TRPM8-expressing tumor cells. This agent may decrease dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels, which may contribute to its inhibitory effects on prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). TRPM8 is a transmembrane calcium channel protein that is normally expressed in prostate cells and appears to be overexpressed in BPH and in prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D 3263","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-3263","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D3263","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRPM8 Agonist D-3263","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Enteric-Coated_TRPM8_Agonist_D-3263_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C101525":{"preferredName":"TRPV6 Calcium Channel Inhibitor SOR-C13","code":"C101525","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of transient receptor potential cation channel vanilloid family member 6 (TRPV6, CaT1 or CATL) with potential antineoplastic activity. TRPV6 calcium channel inhibitor SOR-C13 binds to TRPV6 and prevents the influx of calcium ions into TRPV6-expressing tumor cells. This inhibits the activation of nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFAT) transcription complex which may result in an inhibition of calcium-dependent cancer cell proliferation and an induction of apoptosis in tumor cells overexpressing TRPV6. The TRPV6 ion channel plays a key role in calcium homeostasis and is highly selective for calcium compared to other cations; it is overexpressed in a variety of tumors and initiates tumor cell growth, proliferation and metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SOR-C13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SOR-C13","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRPV6 Calcium Channel Inhibitor SOR-C13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435782"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C79B5A73C4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732361"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732361"}]}}{"C37447":{"preferredName":"TSP-1 Mimetic ABT-510","code":"C37447","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of angiogenesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic peptide that mimics the anti-angiogenic activity of the endogenous protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). ABT-510 inhibits the actions of several pro-angiogenic growth factors important to tumor neovascularization; these pro-angiogenic growth factors include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and interleukin 8 (IL-8). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-510","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"ABT-510","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ABT-510","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ABT-510","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ABT510","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Prolinamide, N-acetyl-N-methylglycylglycyl-L-valyl-D-alloisoleucyl-L-threonyl-L-norvalyl-L-isoleucyl-L-arginyl-N-ethyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAc-Sar-Gly-Val-(d-allo-Ile)-Thr-Nva-Ile-Arg-ProNEt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSP-1 Mimetic ABT-510","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSP-1-mimetic Peptide ABT-510","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704426"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CRR8E37XOB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350157"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350157"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ABT-510"}]}}{"C82384":{"preferredName":"TSP-1 Mimetic Fusion Protein CVX-045","code":"C82384","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein containing two thrombospondin (TSP-1)-derived nonamer peptides covalently attached, via a proprietary diketone linker, to a proprietary humanized catalytic monoclonal aldolase monoclonal antibody with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. The TSP-1 mimetic peptide moieties of TSP-1 mimetic fusion protein CVX-045 bind to TSP-1 receptors, such as CD36, and inhibit tumor angiogenesis, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. The proprietary humanized catalytic monoclonal aldolase monoclonal antibody contains reactive lysine residues in its binding sites, which react covalently with compounds having a diketone function; the TSP-1 mimetic peptide moieties are then covalently attached to the diketone linkers via a proprietary spacer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CVX-045","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSP-1 Mimetic Fusion Protein CVX-045","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thrombospondin-1 Mimetic Fusion Protein CVX-045","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408655"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641917"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641917"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"TSP-1_Mimetic_Fusion_Protein_CVX-045"}]}}{"C91727":{"preferredName":"Tabalumab","code":"C91727","definitions":[{"description":"A human IgG4 monoclonal antibody against B-cell activating factor (BAFF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Tabalumab binds to and inhibits the activity of both soluble and cell surface-bound BAFF. This may reduce the activity, proliferation and survival of B-cells. A dysregulated expression of BAFF, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family of proteins, is often seen in certain autoimmune diseases and certain cancers, and may promote B lymphocyte activation, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BAFF Monoclonal Antibody LY2127399","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2127399","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TABALUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tabalumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tabalumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984518"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1143503-67-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PQP8VH3MJW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600180"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600180"}]}}{"C143140":{"preferredName":"Tabelecleucel","code":"C143140","definitions":[{"description":"Allogeneic cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) selective for the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressed by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, and after hematopoietic cell transplants (HCT) or solid organ transplants (SOT), or during certain other immunocompromised states, tabelecleucel targets and binds to EBV-associated antigens expressed on EBV-infected cells. This results in lysis of EBV-infected cells and prevents growth of EBV-associated cancer cells. EBV is associated with a variety of cancers and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (EBV+ PTLD).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATA 129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATA129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic EBV-specific CTLs ATA129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic EBV-specific Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTLs ATA129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBV-CTLs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tabelecleucel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tabelecleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teb-cel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541621"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792147"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792147"}]}}{"C2202":{"preferredName":"Tacedinaline","code":"C2202","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable substituted benzamide derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Tacedinaline inhibits histone deacetylation, which may result in histone hyperacetylation, followed by the induction of differentiation, the inhibition of cell proliferation, and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(Acetylamino)-N-(2-aminophenyl)benzamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"4-(Acetylamino)-N-(2-aminophenyl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetyldinaline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-994","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CI-994","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOE5549","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-acetyl Dinaline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-acetyldinaline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"N-acetyldinaline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 123654","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TACEDINALINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tacedinaline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18497959"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0217598"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"112522-64-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UMF554N5FG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37825"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37825"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H15N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Acetyldinaline"}]}}{"C64769":{"preferredName":"Tagraxofusp-erzs","code":"C64769","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of myeloid leukemia (a disease in which too many immature non-lymphocyte white blood cells are found in the blood and bone marrow). DT388IL3 fusion protein is made by combining IL-3 with a toxic substance. The IL-3 attaches to the cancer cells and the toxic substance kills them.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant protein consisting of human interleukin 3 (IL3) fused to the first 388 amino acids of diphtheria toxin [DT(388)] (DT388IL3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of tagraxofusp-erzs, the IL3 moiety binds to IL3 receptors on cells expressing the receptor. Subsequently, the DT(388) toxin moiety, which contains both translocation and catalytic domains, is transported across the cell membrane via endocytosis. Within the cytosol, the catalytic domain of the toxin both catalyzes the ADP-ribosylation of, and inactivates, translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), which results in the inhibition of translation during protein synthesis. IL3 may be overexpressed by a variety of cancers, including blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DT(388)-IL3 Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DT388IL3 fusion protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Diphtheria Toxin(388)-Interleukin-3 Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elzonris","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL3R-targeting Fusion Protein SL-401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S)-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(7-morpholin-4-ylquinazolin-4-yl)phenyl]-(6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl)methanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL-401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAGRAXOFUSP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tagraxofusp","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tagraxofusp ERZS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tagraxofusp-erzs","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tagraxofusp-erzs","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831974"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2055491-00-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8ZHS5657EH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"516002"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"516002"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Diphtheria_Toxin_388_Interleukin-3_Fusion_Protein"}]}}{"C48264":{"preferredName":"Talabostat","code":"C48264","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer, including certain types of lung, pancreas, and brain cancer. Talabostat may help the immune system block the growth of cancer cells. It may also increase the growth of new blood cells. It is a type of enzyme inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small molecule with antineoplastic and hematopoiesis- stimulating activities. By cleaving N-terminal Xaa-Pro or Xaa-Ala residues, talabostat inhibits dipeptidyl peptidases, such as fibroblast activation protein (FAP), resulting in the stimulation of cytokine and chemokine production and specific T-cell immunity and T-cell dependent activity. This agent may also stimulate the production of colony stimulating factors, such as granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), resulting in the stimulation of hematopoiesis. Dipeptidyl peptidases are involved in the activation of polypeptide hormones and chemokines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BXCL 701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BXCL-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BXCL701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PT-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALABOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talabostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Talabostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[(2R)-1-[(2S)-2-amino-3-methylbutanoyl]pyrrolidin-2-yl]boronic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"talabostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2002307"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"149682-77-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KZ1O2SH88Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H19BN2O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Talabostat"}]}}{"C80682":{"preferredName":"Talabostat Mesylate","code":"C80682","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer, including certain types of lung, pancreas, and brain cancer. Talabostat mesylate may help the immune system block the growth of cancer cells. It may also increase the growth of new blood cells. It is a type of enzyme inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The mesylate salt of an orally active small molecule with antineoplastic and hematopoiesis- stimulating activities. By cleaving N-terminal Xaa-Pro or Xaa-Ala residues, talabostat inhibits dipeptidyl peptidases, such as fibroblast activation protein (FAP), resulting in the stimulation of cytokine and chemokine production and specific T-cell immunity and T-cell dependent activity. This agent may also stimulate the production of colony stimulating factors, such as granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), resulting in the stimulation of hematopoiesis. Dipeptidyl peptidases are involved in the activation of polypeptide hormones and chemokines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"((2R)-1-((2S)-2-amino-3-methylbutanoyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)boronic Acid Methanesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALABOSTAT MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talabostat Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Val-boro-Pro","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"talabostat mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1311786"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"150080-09-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V8ZG4Y1B51"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"372906"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"372906"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H19BN2O3.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Talabostat_Mesylate"}]}}{"C102784":{"preferredName":"Talacotuzumab","code":"C102784","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody against CD123 (Interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, talacotuzumab binds to and neutralizes CD123. This may inhibit IL-3-dependent signaling and may inhibit proliferation and differentiation in CD123-positive tumor cells. CSL362 contains an engineered Fc region which increases its binding affinity to Fc-gamma receptors on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells thereby initiating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). CD123 is normally expressed on committed blood progenitor cells in the bone marrow; its overexpression is associated with increased leukemic cell proliferation and aggressiveness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IL-3 Receptor Alpha Monoclonal Antibody CSL362","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSL 362","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSL362","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-56022473","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ56022473","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALACOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talacotuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Talacotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437022"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X8JR0I7JE1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736467"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736467"}]}}{"C78460":{"preferredName":"Talactoferrin Alfa","code":"C78460","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment of kidney cancer that has spread. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer and other conditions. Talactoferrin increases the activity of dendritic cells (a type of immune cell) to help kill cancer cells. It is a form of human lactoferrin (a protein found in milk, tears, mucus, bile, and some white blood cells) that is made in the laboratory. Talactoferrin is a type of recombinant protein and a type of immunomodulatory protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable recombinant human lactoferrin produced in the fungus Aspergillus niger with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, talactoferrin is transported into small intestinal Peyer's patches of the gut-associated lymphoreticular tissues (GALT), where it recruits circulating immature dendritic cells (DCs) bearing tumor antigens and induces their maturation. In the GALT, DC maturation in the presence of tumor antigens and lymphoid effector cells may induce systemic innate and adaptive immune responses mediated by anti-tumor natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and natural killer T (NKT) cells; activation of tumor-draining lymph nodes, cellular infiltration of distant tumors, and tumor-cell death may follow. Raising the initial immune response in the GALT, distant from the primary tumor, may counter local tumor-mediated immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Recombinant Human Lactoferrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral rhLF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALACTOFERRIN ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TLF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Talactoferrin Alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Talactoferrin Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"talactoferrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"talactoferrin alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1872514"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"308240-58-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"renal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7A055A9QRR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"394101"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"394101"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Talactoferrin"}]}}{"C103826":{"preferredName":"Taladegib","code":"C103826","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule antagonist of the Hedgehog (Hh)-ligand cell surface receptor smoothened (Smo) with potential antineoplastic activity. Taladegib inhibits signaling that is mediated by the Hh pathway protein Smo, which may result in a suppression of the Hh signaling pathway and may lead to the inhibition of the proliferation of tumor cells in which this pathway is abnormally activated. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair; constitutive activation of this pathway is associated with uncontrolled cellular proliferation and has been observed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Fluoro-N-methyl-N-(1-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)phthalazin-1-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, 4-Fluoro-N-methyl-N-(1-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1-phthalazinyl)-4-piperidinyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2940680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2940680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALADEGIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Taladegib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Taladegib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641628"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1258861-20-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QY8BWX1LJ5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688313"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688313"}]}}{"C38139":{"preferredName":"Talampanel","code":"C38139","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of brain tumors and other brain disorders, such as epilepsy and Parkinson disease. It is a type of AMPA receptor antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of dioxolo-benzodiazepine with anti-seizure activity. Talampanel antagonizes the AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) subtype of glutamate excitatory amino acid receptors and may inhibit the growth of gliomas by interfering with neurotransmitters involved in brain tumor growth. This agent may also protect against traumatic brain injury.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-(-)-1-(4-Aminophenyl)-3-acetyl-4-methyl-7,8-methylenedioxy-3,4-dihydro-5H-2,3-benzodiazepine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GYKI-53773","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-300164","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALAMPANEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talampanel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"talampanel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"729898"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0250723"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"161832-65-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CVS43XG1L5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"315898"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"315898"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H19N3O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Talampanel"}]}}{"C26675":{"preferredName":"Talaporfin Sodium","code":"C26675","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used in photodynamic therapy. When absorbed by cancer cells and exposed to light, the drug becomes active and kills the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An agent consisting of chlorin e6, derived from chlorophyll, and L-aspartic acid with photosensitizing activity. After intratumoral activation by light emitting diodes, taporfin sodium forms an extended high energy conformational state that generates singlet oxygen, resulting in free radical-mediated cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LS11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laserphyrin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ME2906","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mono-L-aspartyl Chlorin e6","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPe6","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALAPORFIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talaporfin Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Talaporfin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taporfin Sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"talaporfin sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2350202"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"220201-34-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L63605PZ70"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"258313"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"258313"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C38H37N5O9.4Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Taporfin_Sodium"}]}}{"C95733":{"preferredName":"Talazoparib","code":"C95733","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential antineoplastic activity. Talazoparib selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair of single strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA and is activated by single-strand DNA breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMN 673","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMN-673","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALAZOPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talazoparib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Talazoparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4042960"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1207456-01-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9QHX048FRV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694964"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694964"}]}}{"C61314":{"preferredName":"Talimogene Laherparepvec","code":"C61314","definitions":[{"description":"An ICP34.5, ICP47-deleted, oncolytic herpes simplex type-1 virus (HSV-1) based on the JS1 strain, and encoding the immunostimulating factor human cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection, talimogene laherparepvec selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, thereby inducing tumor cell lysis. In addition, GM-CSF attracts dendritic cells (DCs) and may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell response against tumor cells, which results in immune-mediated tumor cell death. Deletion of the gene encoding for ICP34.5 provides tumor selectivity and prevents replication in healthy cells. As ICP47 blocks antigen presentation in HSV-infected cells, deletion of this gene may induce a more potent antitumor immune response in the tumor cells. Additionally, deletion of ICP47 causes increased expression of the HSV US11 gene and allows US11 to be expressed as an immediate early and not a late gene. This further enhances the degree of viral replication and oncolysis of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ICP34.5-, ICP47-deleted Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) Incorporating the Human GM-CSF Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imlygic","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JS1 34.5-hGMCSF 47- pA-","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OncoVEX GM-CSF","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-VEC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALIMOGENE LAHERPAREPVEC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talimogene Laherparepvec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Talimogene Laherparepvec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831828"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1187560-31-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"local treatment of unresectable cutaneous, subcutaneous, and nodal lesions in patients with melanoma recurrent after initial surgery"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"07730V90L6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485296"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485296"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"GM-CSF-Encoding_Oncolytic_Herpes_Simplex_Virus_Vaccine"}]}}{"C1603":{"preferredName":"Tallimustine","code":"C1603","definitions":[{"description":"A benzoyl mustard derivative of the antiviral agent distamycin A with potential antineoplastic activity. Tallimustine selectively binds to A-T rich regions in the minor groove of DNA and alkylates at the N3 position of adenine in a highly sequence-specific manner. This prevents DNA replication, inhibits cellular proliferation and triggers apoptosis. Moreover, unlike other clinical nitrogen mustards, tallimustine does not carry out guanine-N7 alkylation in the major groove of DNA, which may lead to a high selectivity of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FCE 24517","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU-152241","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALLIMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tallimustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0286890"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"115308-98-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"71193OXG6S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42145"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42145"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H38Cl2N10O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tallimustine"}]}}{"C79841":{"preferredName":"Talmapimod","code":"C79841","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor with potential immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activities. Talmapimod specifically binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, which may result in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. This agent may also enhance proteasome inhibitor-induced apoptosis. p38 MAPK is a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in a MAPK signaling cascade that controls cellular responses to various environmental stresses, cytokines, and endotoxins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-indole-3-acetamide, 6-Chloro-5-[[(2R,5S)-4-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2,5-dimethyl-1- piperazinyl]carbonyl]-N,N,1-trimethyl-alpha-oxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-[6-Chloro-5-[[(2R,5S)-4-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]carbonyl]-1- methyl-1H-indol-3-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2-oxoacetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCIO 469","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALMAPIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talmapimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541463"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"309913-83-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B1E00KQ6NT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"387795"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"387795"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H30ClFN4O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Talmapimod"}]}}{"C29341":{"preferredName":"Talotrexin","code":"C29341","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of leukemia and some other types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antifolates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antimetabolite analogue of aminopterin with potential antineoplastic activity. As a folate antagonist, talotrexin binds to and inhibits the function of dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in the inhibition of folate metabolism, DNA synthesis, and cell division. Hydrosoluble, talotrexin is actively transported into cells by the reduced folate carrier (RFC) and, therefore, is unlikely to be associated with P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N(alpha)-(4-Amino-4-deoxypteroyl)-N(delta)-hemiphthaloyl-L-ornithine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT523","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALOTREXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talopterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Talotrexin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"talotrexin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"623017"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0251361"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"113857-87-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A8E516A20K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H27N9O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PT523"}]}}{"C80159":{"preferredName":"Talotrexin Ammonium","code":"C80159","definitions":[{"description":"An ammonium salt of tallotrexin, an analogue of aminopterin with potential antineoplastic activity. As a folate antagonist, talotrexin binds to and inhibits the function of dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in the inhibition of folate metabolism, DNA synthesis, and cell division. Hydrosoluble, talotrexin is actively transported into cells by the reduced folate carrier (RFC) and, therefore, is unlikely to be associated with P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(((4S)-4-Carboxy-4-((4-(((2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)amino)butyl)carbamoyl)benzoic Acid Monoammonium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT-523","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT523","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALOTREXIN AMMONIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talotrexin Ammonium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Talotrexin Ammonium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"712783"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0288639"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"648420-92-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"686WJT9102"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"387796"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"387796"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H27N9O6.H3N"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Talotrexin_Ammonium"}]}}{"C75998":{"preferredName":"Taltobulin","code":"C75998","definitions":[{"description":"An analogue of the naturally occurring tripeptide hemiasterlin, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Taltobulin binds tubulin in a similar manner as colchicine and inhibits tubulin polymerization. This results in the disruption of the cytoskeleton, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, blockage of cell division and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HTI-286","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPA-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALTOBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Taltobulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1258191"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"228266-40-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J6D6912BXS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H43N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Taltobulin"}]}}{"C71025":{"preferredName":"Tamibarotene","code":"C71025","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active, synthetic retinoid, developed to overcome all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) resistance, with potential antineoplastic activity. As a specific retinoic acid receptor (RAR) alpha/beta agonist, tamibarotene is approximately ten times more potent than ATRA in inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis in HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia) cell lines in vitro. Due to a lower affinity for cellular retinoic acid binding protein (CRABP), tamibarotene may show sustained plasma levels compared to ATRA. In addition, this agent may exhibit a lower toxicity profile than ATRA, in part, due to the lack of affinity for the RAR-gamma receptor, the major retinoic acid receptor in the dermal epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-((5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)carbamoyl)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Am-80","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Am80","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzoic Acid, 4-(((5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-Tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)amino)carbonyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INNO-507","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthyl)terephthalamic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinobenzoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SY-1425","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAMIBAROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TM-411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOS-80T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamibarotene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tamibarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z-208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"608000"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1567753"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"94497-51-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"08V52GZ3H9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"571791"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"571791"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H25NO3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tamibarotene"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:32181"}]}}{"C121664":{"preferredName":"Taminadenant","code":"C121664","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist PBF-509 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This abrogates the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes and activates a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, thereby reducing proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of T-cells and, upon activation by adenosine, inhibits their proliferation and activation. Adenosine is often produced in excess by cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Pyrimidinamine, 5-Bromo-2,6-di-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A2AR Antagonist PBF-509","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBF-509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAMINADENANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Taminadenant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Taminadenant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053608"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1337962-47-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"84I5UEP321"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770798"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770798"}]}}{"C62078":{"preferredName":"Tamoxifen","code":"C62078","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of breast cancer in women and men. It is also used to prevent breast cancer in women who have had ductal carcinoma in situ (abnormal cells in the ducts of the breast) and in women who are at a high risk of developing breast cancer. Tamoxifen is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks the effects of the hormone estrogen in the breast. Tamoxifen is a type of antiestrogen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antineoplastic nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Tamoxifen competitively inhibits the binding of estradiol to estrogen receptors, thereby preventing the receptor from binding to the estrogen-response element on DNA. The result is a reduction in DNA synthesis and cellular response to estrogen. In addition, tamoxifen up-regulates the production of transforming growth factor B (TGFb), a factor that inhibits tumor cell growth, and down-regulates insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a factor that stimulates breast cancer cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-p-beta-dimethylamino-ethoxyphenyl-trans-1,2-diphenylbut-1-ene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAMOXIFEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tamoxifen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039286"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10540-29-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"094ZI81Y45"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H29NO"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tamoxifen_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:41774"}]}}{"C855":{"preferredName":"Tamoxifen Citrate","code":"C855","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of breast cancer in women and men. It is also used to prevent breast cancer in women who have had ductal carcinoma in situ (abnormal cells in the ducts of the breast) and in women who are at a high risk of developing breast cancer. Tamoxifen citrate is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks the effects of the hormone estrogen in the breast. Tamoxifen citrate is a type of antiestrogen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The citrate salt of an antineoplastic nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Tamoxifen competitively inhibits the binding of estradiol to estrogen receptors, thereby preventing the receptor from binding to the estrogen-response element on DNA. The result is a reduction in DNA synthesis and cellular response to estrogen. In addition, tamoxifen up-regulates the production of transforming growth factor B (TGFb), a factor that inhibits tumor cell growth, and down-regulates insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a factor that stimulates breast cancer cell growth. Tamoxifen also down-regulates protein kinase C (PKC) expression in a dose-dependant manner, inhibiting signal transduction and producing an antiproliferative effect in tumors such as malignant glioma and other cancers that overexpress PKC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(Z)-2-[4-(1,2-Diphenyl-1-butenyl)phenoxy]-N,N-dimethylethanamine 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(Z)-2-[4-(1,2-diphenyl-1-butenyl)phenoxy]-N,N-dimethylethanamine citrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-p-beta-dimethylamino-ethoxyphenyl-trans-1,2-diphenylbut-1-ene Citrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apo-Tamox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clonoxifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dignotamoxi","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ebefen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emblon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estroxyn","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fentamox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gen-Tamoxifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI 46,474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI-46474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jenoxifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kessar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ledertam","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lesporene","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nolgen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noltam","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nolvadex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Nolvadex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nolvadex-D","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nourytam","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Novo-Tamoxifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Novofen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noxitem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oestrifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncotam","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PMS-Tamoxifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soltamox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAMOXIFEN CITRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tamax","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamaxin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamizam","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamofen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamoxasta","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen Citrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen Citrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen citrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tamoxifeni Citras","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zemide","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tamoxifen citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"180973"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700621"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"54965-24-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; Endometrial cancer; Gynecomastia; Melanoma; Ovarian cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7FRV7310N6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42901"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42901"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H29NO.C6H8O7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tamoxifen"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9397"}]}}{"C48404":{"preferredName":"Tandutinib","code":"C48404","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It may stop cancer cell growth by blocking certain enzymes. It may also prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A piperazinyl quinazoline receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Tandutinib inhibits the autophosphorylation of FLT3 (FMS-Like Tyrosine kinase-3), c-KIT and PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) receptor tyrosine kinases, thereby inhibiting cellular proliferation and inducing apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Piperazinecarboxamide, 4-(6-Methoxy-7-(3-(1-piperidinyl)propoxy)-4-quinazolinyl)-N-(4-(1-methylethoxy)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT53518","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CT53518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN 518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN518","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MLN518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TANDUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tandutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tandutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tandutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"726292"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1143028"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"387867-13-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E1IO3ICJ9A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"353146"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"353146"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H42N6O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MLN518"}]}}{"C37899":{"preferredName":"Tanespimycin","code":"C37899","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is made from an antibiotic called geldanamycin. Tanespimycin helps cause the breakdown of certain proteins in the cell, and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antineoplastic antibiotic and a type of HSP90 inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benzoquinone antineoplastic antibiotic derived from the antineoplastic antibiotic geldanamycin. Tanespimycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). HSP90 maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins; the inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins that may be overexpressed by tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-(Allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-AAG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"17-AAG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"17-AAG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Demethoxy-17-(2-propenylamino)geldanamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"17-Demethoxy-17-(2-propenylamino)geldanamycin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxy geldanamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Geldanamycin, 17-allylamino-17-demethoxy-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"KOS-953","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TANESPIMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tanespimycin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tanespimycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tanespimycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"330507"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0675974"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"75747-14-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4GY0AVT3L4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43635"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H43N3O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_17-Allylamino_17-demethoxygeldanamycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64153"}]}}{"C102877":{"preferredName":"Tanibirumab","code":"C102877","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), with potential antiangiogenic activity. Upon administration, tanibirumab specifically binds to VEGFR2, thereby preventing the binding of its ligand VEGF. This may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. VEGFR2 is a pro-angiogenic growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by endothelial cells, while VEGF is overexpressed in many tumors and is correlated to tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TTAC-0001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tanibirumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3490677"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738495"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738495"}]}}{"C1705":{"preferredName":"Tanomastat","code":"C1705","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A biphenyl matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor (MMPI) with potential antineoplastic activity. Tanomastat inhibits MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9, inhibiting extracellular matrix degradation and potentially inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. MMPs consist of at least 18 zinc-containing endo-proteinases that are capable of degrading collagen and proteoglycan.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-3-[(4'-Chloro-4-biphenylyl)carbonyl]-2-[(phenylthio)methyl]propionic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-[4-(chlorophenyl)phenyl]-4-oxo-2S-(phenylthiomethyl) butanoic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 12-9566","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"BAY 12-9566","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BAY 12-9566","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-12-9566","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TANOMASTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tanomastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"16442153"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0393069"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"179545-77-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AM1ZX94EXH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42675"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42675"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H19ClO3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tanomastat"}]}}{"C26666":{"preferredName":"Tarenflurbil","code":"C26666","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active synthetic enantiomer of flurbiprofen. Tarenflurbil activates c-Jun N terminal kinase, increases AP-1 binding to DNA, and downregulates cyclin D1 expression, resulting in arrest of tumor cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and apoptosis. This agent also affects the expression of nuclear factor kappa B, a rapid response transcription factor that stimulates the immune response to tumor cells. R-flurbiprofen does not inhibit the enzyme cyclo-oxygenase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-2-Fluoro-alpha-methyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E-7869","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flurizan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPC-7869","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-Flurbiprofen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"R-flurbiprofen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"R-flurbiprofen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TARENFLURBIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tarenflurbil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"685699"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527219"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51543-40-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"501W00OOWA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257154"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257154"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H13FO2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"R-flurbiprofen"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38666"}]}}{"C95719":{"preferredName":"Tarextumab","code":"C95719","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the Notch receptor with potential antineoplastic activity. Tarextumab binds to Notch on the cell surface, thereby inhibiting Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, which may impede tumor angiogenesis. Notch receptors are important for cell-cell communication, which involves gene regulation mechanisms that control multiple cell differentiation processes during embryonic and adult life. Dysregulated Notch signaling is implicated in many diseases including T-ALL (T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia), CADASIL (Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Sub-cortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy), MS (Multiple Sclerosis), and many other disease states.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MoAb OMP-59R5","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP 59R5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP-59R5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAREXTUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tarextumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tarextumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053948"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1359940-55-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"333YMY788E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693946"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693946"}]}}{"C2246":{"preferredName":"Tariquidar","code":"C2246","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may help tumor cells respond again to drugs they have become resistant (unable to respond) to. Tariquidar is a type of multidrug resistance inhibitor and a type of P-glycoprotein antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An anthranilamide derivative with multidrug resistance properties. Tariquidar non-competitively binds to the p-glycoprotein transporter, thereby inhibiting transmembrane transport of anticancer drugs. Inhibition of transmembrane transport may result in increased intracellular concentrations of an anticancer drug, thereby augmenting its cytotoxicity. 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Taselisib selectively inhibits PIK3CA and its mutant forms in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PIK3CA-expressing tumor cells. By specifically targeting class I PI3K alpha, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan PI3K inhibitors. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently found in solid tumors and causes increased tumor cell growth, survival, and resistance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. PIK3CA, which encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays a key role in cancer cell growth and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDC-0032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5537381","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TASELISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Taselisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Taselisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3660928"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1282512-48-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L08J2O299M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695816"}]}}{"C77067":{"preferredName":"Tasidotin","code":"C77067","definitions":[{"description":"A third generation, synthetic, water-soluble, pentapeptide analog of the marine depsipeptide dolastatin 15, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Tasidotin and its metabolite, tasidotin C-carboxylate, suppress the dynamic instability behavior of the microtubules through a reduction of the shortening rate (disassembly); reduction of the switching frequency from growth to shortening; and by reducing microtubules growth time. This may eventually result in a reduction of cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ILX651","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TASIDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tasidotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1610484"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"192658-64-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"05G07285DK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H58N6O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tasidotin"}]}}{"C62794":{"preferredName":"Tasisulam","code":"C62794","definitions":[{"description":"An acyl-sulfonamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Selectively toxic towards tumor cells, tasisulam appears to induce tumor cell apoptosis by a mitochondrial-targeted mechanism involving the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In combination with an angiogenesis inhibitor, this agent may exhibit synergistic antiangiogenic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LY-573636","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY573636","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2,4-Dichlorobenzoyl)-5-bromothiophene-2-sulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TASISULAM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tasisulam","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831958"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"519055-62-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1YC4W9MSLJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H6BrCl2NO3S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"LY573636"}]}}{"C88304":{"preferredName":"Tasisulam Sodium","code":"C88304","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of an acyl-sulfonamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Selectively toxic towards tumor cells, tasisulam appears to induce tumor cell apoptosis by a mitochondrial-targeted mechanism involving the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In combination with an angiogenesis inhibitor, this agent may exhibit synergistic antiangiogenic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzamide, N-[(5-Bromo-2-thienyl)sulfonyl]-2,4-dichloro-, Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-573636.Na","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY573636-Sodium","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TASISULAM SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tasisulam Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tasisulam Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18949427"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3537265"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"519055-63-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O3955SHR9J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"506118"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"506118"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H5BrCl2NO3S2.Na"}]}}{"C74080":{"preferredName":"Tasquinimod","code":"C74080","definitions":[{"description":"A quinoline-3-carboxamide linomide analogue with antiangiogenic and potential antineoplastic activities. Tasquinimod has been shown to decrease blood vessel density but the exact mechanism of action is not known. This agent has also been shown to augment the antineoplastic effects of docetaxel and androgen ablation in a murine model of prostate cancer involving human prostate cancer xenografts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABR-215050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TASQ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TASQUINIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tasquinimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tasquinimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1956491"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"254964-60-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"756U07KN1R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581229"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581229"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H17F3N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tasquinimod"}]}}{"C2639":{"preferredName":"Taurolidine","code":"C2639","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called anti-infectives.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic with antibacterial, anticoagulant and potential antiangiogenic activities. Taurolidine, derived from the amino acid taurine, binds to and neutralizes bacterial exotoxins and endotoxins, or lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Taurolidine binding to LPS prevents bacterial adherence to host epithelial cells, thereby prevents bacterial invasion of uninfected host cells. Although the mechanism underlying its antineoplastic activity has not been fully elucidated, it may be related to this agent's anti-adherence property. In addition, taurolidine also promotes apoptosis by inducing various apoptotic factors and suppresses the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a protein that plays an important role in angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bis(1,1-dioxoperhydro-1,2,4-thiadiazinyl-4)-methane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAUROLIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Taurolidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taurolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"taurolidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0144567"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"19388-87-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Bronchiectasis; Catheter-Related Sepsis; Otitis Media; Peritonitis; Thoracic Empyema"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8OBZ1M4V3V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38354"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38354"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H16N4O4S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Taurolidine"}]}}{"C954":{"preferredName":"Tauromustine","code":"C954","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble taurine-based nitrosourea with potential antineoplastic activity. Tauromustine alkylates DNA and causes DNA cross links independent of cell cycle, thereby resulting in disruption of DNA function and induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(2-(dimethylaminosulfonyl)ethyl)-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LS-2667","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAUROMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tauromustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0044133"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"85977-49-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"511F69K76Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40279"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40279"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H15ClN4O4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tauromustine"}]}}{"C75290":{"preferredName":"Taurultam","code":"C75290","definitions":[{"description":"A reversible metabolite of taurolidine and an amino acid taurine derivative, with antibacterial and antineoplastic activity. Taurultam, like its congener taurolidine, inhibits proliferation of microvascular endothelial cells, although to a lesser extent, by selectively inhibiting the adhesion of endothelial cells to laminin but not to collagen I and fibronectin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TAURULTAM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Taurultam","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"9552463"},{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17395893"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0673101"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"38668-01-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LIX7OM008P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C3H8N2O2S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Taurultam"}]}}{"C159500":{"preferredName":"Taurultam Analogue GP-2250","code":"C159500","definitions":[{"description":"An oxathiazine-based structural analogue of taurultam (TRLT), which is the main derivative of the anti-infective agent taurolidine (TRD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GP-2250 selectively induces reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis in and inhibits proliferation of susceptible tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GP 2250","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GP-2250","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GP2250","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taurultam Analogue GP-2250","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Taurultam Analogue GP-2250","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797809"}]}}{"C156363":{"preferredName":"Tavokinogene Telseplasmid","code":"C156363","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA plasmid that encodes genes for both the p35 and p40 subunits of the heterodimeric human interleukin 12 (hIL-12) protein that are separated by an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) and under the control of a single cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration via intratumoral injection and electroporation, the plasmid is introduced into human cells resulting in expression and highly-localized secretion of a functional IL-12 p70 protein into the tumor microenvironment (TME). IL-12 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a significant role in priming and maintaining T-helper (Th) cells, activating natural killer (NK) cells, and regulating the reactivation and survival of memory T-cells (Tm). Increased levels of IL-12 in the TME may augment host immune response against tumor cells by inhibiting regulatory T-cells (Tregs), T-helper 2 (Th2) responses, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IT-Tavo-EP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmid IL-12 pUMVC3-hIL-12-NGVL3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tavo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tavokinogene Telseplasmid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tavokinogene Telseplasmid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563071"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795694"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795694"}]}}{"C120041":{"preferredName":"Tavolimab","code":"C120041","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic, humanized monoclonal antibody against receptor OX40 (CD134), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, tavolimab selectively binds to and activates the OX40 receptor. OX40 receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this agent may promote an immune response against TAAs-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0562","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MEDI-0562","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI0562","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAVOLIXIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tavolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tavolixizumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896818"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1635395-25-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4LU9B48U4D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767471"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767471"}]}}{"C48424":{"preferredName":"Taxane Analogue TPI 287","code":"C48424","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, third generation taxane with potential antineoplastic activity. TPI 287 binds to tubulin and stabilizes microtubules, resulting in inhibition of microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TPI 287","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxane Analogue TPI 287","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Taxane Analogue TPI 287","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1710314"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"849213-15-6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"438803"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"438803"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"TPI_287"}]}}{"C1490":{"preferredName":"Taxane Compound","code":"C1490","definitions":[{"description":"A type of drug that blocks cell growth by stopping mitosis (cell division). Taxanes interfere with microtubules (cellular structures that help move chromosomes during mitosis). They are used to treat cancer. A taxane is a type of mitotic inhibitor and a type of antimicrotubule agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Taxane Compound","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxanes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"taxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796419"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1605-68-1"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Taxane_Compound"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:36064"}]}}{"C84839":{"preferredName":"Taxol Analogue SID 530","code":"C84839","definitions":[{"description":"An intravenous formulation containing docetaxel, a semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane derived from a compound found in the European yew tree, Taxus baccata, with potential antineoplastic activity. Taxol analogue SID 530 binds to and stabilizes tubulin, inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SID 530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxol Analogue SID 530","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412390"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650025"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650025"}]}}{"C29487":{"preferredName":"Tazarotene","code":"C29487","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used on the skin to treat several skin conditions. It is also being studied in the treatment of basal cell skin cancer and basal cell nevus syndrome. Tazarotene is related to vitamin A and is made in the laboratory. It turns on a gene that may help stop the growth of skin cancer cells. Tazarotene is a type of synthetic retinoid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, topical retinoid. Tazarotene induces the expression of tazarotene-induced gene 3 (TIG3), a tumor suppressor gene. In psoriasis, tazarotene normalizes abnormal keratinocyte differentiation and reduces their hyperproliferation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-[(3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran-6-yl)ethynyl]- 3-Pyridinecarboxylic Acid, Ethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGN-190168","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Avage","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethyl 6-(2-(4,4-Dimethylthiochroman-6-yl)ethynyl)nicotinate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAZAROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tazarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Tazarotene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tazarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tazorac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Tazorac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tazarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0288792"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"118292-40-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Topical treatment of facial acne vulgaris; stable plaque psoriasis; mitigation (palliation) of facial fine wrinkling; facial mottled hyper- and hypopigmentation; benign facial lentigines"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"81BDR9Y8PS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"553530"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"553530"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H21NO2S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tazarotene"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:32184"}]}}{"C107506":{"preferredName":"Tazemetostat","code":"C107506","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule selective and S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) competitive inhibitor of histone methyl transferase EZH2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tazemetostat selectively inhibits the activity of both wild-type and mutated forms of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased tumor cell proliferation in EZH2 mutated cancer cells. EZH2, which belongs to the class of histone methyltransferases (HMTs), is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E7438","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPZ-6438","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPZ6438","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-((4,6-Dimethyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)-5-(ethyl(oxan-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-((morpholin-4-yl)methyl)(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-((4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)-5-(ethyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-(morpholinomethyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAZEMETOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tazemetostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tazemetostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827128"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1403254-99-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q40W93WPE1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751383"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751383"}]}}{"C1605":{"preferredName":"Tecogalan Sodium","code":"C1605","definitions":[{"description":"A sulfated polysaccharide isolated from various Arthrobacter bacterial species. Possessing potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic properties, tecogalan binds to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), thereby preventing bFGF from binding to its receptors. Disruption of this receptor binding results in the inhibition of bFGF-stimulated endothelial cell growth, proliferation, and migration. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS-4152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SP-PG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulfated Polysaccharide Tecogalan DS-4152","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tecogalan Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0212199"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42149"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42149"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tecogalan_Sodium"}]}}{"C513":{"preferredName":"Tegafur","code":"C513","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A congener of the antimetabolite fluorouracil with antineoplastic activity. Tegafur is a prodrug that is gradually converted to fluorouracil in the liver by the cytochrome P-450 enzyme. Subsequently, 5-FU is metabolized to two active metabolites, 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP) by both tumor cells and normal cells. FdUMP inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division by inhibiting thymidylate synthase and reducing normal thymidine production, while FUTP inhibits RNA and protein synthesis by competing with uridine triphosphate. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Fluoro-1-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-1-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-2,4-(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-1-(tetrahydro-2-furyl)-uracil","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citofur","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coparogin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exonal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT-207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fental","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Florafur","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorofur","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ftorafur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Ftorafur","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ftoral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ftoralon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fulaid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fulfeel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Furafluor","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Furofutran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Futraful","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lamar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lifril","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MJF-12264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1-(2'-Furanidyl)-5-fluorouracil","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neberk","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitobanil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Riol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinoflurol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sunfural","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEGAFUR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tefsiel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tegafur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Tegafur","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tegafur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uracil, 5-fluoro-1-(tetrahydro-2-furyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Utefos","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-220066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tegafur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"148958"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016778"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"17902-23-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1548R74NSZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39248"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39248"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H9FN2O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tegafur"}]}}{"C120099":{"preferredName":"Tegafur-Gimeracil-Oteracil Potassium-Leucovorin Calcium Oral Formulation","code":"C120099","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable granular formulation composed of the fluoropyrimidine antagonist tegafur combined with two modulators of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) activity, gimeracil and oteracil potassium, and the folic acid derivative leucovorin calcium, with potential antineoplastic activity. Tegafur is a prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), an antimetabolite that is further metabolized to 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP). FdUMP inhibits thymidylate synthase, DNA synthesis and cell division; FUTP competes with uridine triphosphate (UTP), thus inhibiting RNA and protein synthesis. Gimeracil is a reversible inhibitor of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), the liver enzyme responsible for rapid catabolism of 5-FU into inactive metabolites. Oteracil potassium preferentially localizes in the gut and inhibits the enzyme orotate phosphoribosyl-transferase (OPRT), which converts tegafur to 5-FU. This decreases the amount of 5-FU in the gut and prevents activated 5-FU-related gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity. Leucovorin calcium, an active metabolite of folic acid, counteracts the toxic effects of 5-FU, thereby 'rescuing' the patient while permitting the antitumor activity of 5-FU.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TAS-118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tegafur-Gimeracil-Oteracil Potassium-Leucovorin Calcium Oral Formulation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3897369"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767716"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767716"}]}}{"C9506":{"preferredName":"Tegafur-Uracil","code":"C9506","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It is a combination of tegafur and uracil. The tegafur is taken up by the cancer cells and breaks down into 5-FU, a substance that kills tumor cells. The uracil causes higher amounts of 5-FU to stay inside the cells and kill them. Tegafur-uracil is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A formulated therapeutic oral agent consisting of a combination of the 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) congener prodrug tegafur (tetrahydrofuranyl-5-fluorouracil) and uracil (1:4). The high concentration of uracil reversibly inhibits the uracil-reducing enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), thereby inhibiting first-pass DPD-mediated hepatic metabolism of the uracil analogue 5-FU and permitting administration of 5-FU as the orally bioavailable prodrug tegafur. Tegafur is bioactivated to 5-FU by liver microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes. 5-FU is subsequently converted into its active metabolites 5-fluoro-deoxyuridine-monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine-triphosphate (FUTP) intracellularly; these metabolites inhibit the enzyme thymidylate synthase and intercalate into RNA, resulting in decreased thymidine synthesis, reduced DNA synthesis, disrupted RNA function, and tumor cell cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Fluorouracil-Uracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tegafur-Uracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UFT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"UFT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uftoral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Uftoral","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uftoral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uracil and Ftorafur","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uracil and Tegafur","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uracil and Tetrahydrofuranyl-5-Fluorouracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uracil/Tegafur (UFT)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tegafur-uracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"719164"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1446539"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"461135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"461135"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tegafur_Uracil"}]}}{"C1833":{"preferredName":"Tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil Potassium","code":"C1833","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is being studied for its ability to enhance the effectiveness of fluorouracil and prevent gastrointestinal side effects caused by fluorouracil. It belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable fluoropyrimidine antagonist composed of tegafur combined with two modulators of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) activity, gimeracil and potassium oxonate, in a molar ratio of 1:0.4:1. Tegafur is a prodrug of 5-fluorouracil, an antimetabolite that inhibits thymidylate synthase, DNA synthesis and cell division, and competes with uridine triphosphate, thus inhibiting RNA and protein synthesis. Gimeracil is a reversible inhibitor of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), the liver enzyme responsible for rapid catabolism of 5-FU into inactive metabolites. Potassium oxonate preferentially localizes in the gut and inhibits the enzyme orotate phosphoribosyl-transferase (OPRT), thereby decreasing activation of 5-FU in the gut and activated 5-FU-related gastrointestinal toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS 247616","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-247616","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"S-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"S-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TS-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tegafur, mixture with Gimeracil and Potassium Oxonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil Potassium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil Potassium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teysuno","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"15224197"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879262"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154239-56-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43548"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43548"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"S-1"}]}}{"C155885":{"preferredName":"Tegavivint","code":"C155885","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, tegavivint binds to transducin beta-like protein 1 (TBL1) and disrupts the binding of beta-catenin to TBL1. This promotes beta-catenin degradation, attenuates nuclear and cytoplasmic levels of beta-catenin, and reduces transcriptional activity of transcription factor 4 (TCF4) and expression of its target genes, cyclin D1, c-Myc and survivin. The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway regulates cell morphology, motility, and proliferation; aberrant regulation of this pathway leads to neoplastic proliferation. Beta-catenin is frequently mutated in various tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9,10-Anthracenedione, 2,7-bis(((3R,5S)-3,5-dimethyl-1-piperidinyl)sulfonyl)-, 9,10-dioxime, rel-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BC 2059","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BC-2059","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BC2059","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEGAVIVINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tegatrabetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tegavivint","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tegavivint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562695"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1227637-23-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"18AP231HUP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795712"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795712"}]}}{"C90746":{"preferredName":"Teglarinad","code":"C90746","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble prodrug of a pyridyl cyanoguanidine compound and an inhibitor of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) with potential antineoplastic activity. Teglarinad is rapidly converted in the bloodstream into an active compound through hydrolytic cleavage of the carbonate ester bond. The activated form inhibits NAMPT, thereby inhibiting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis and induces a rapid decline in intracellular NAD+ followed by ATP reduction. As NAD+ is essential for tumor cell growth, inhibition of NAMPT induces tumor cell death. NAMPT is an essential enzyme in the synthesis of NAD+ and is upregulated in some cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pyridinium, 4-[[[[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)hexyl]amino](cyanoamino)methylene]amino]-1-(3-oxo-2,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxaheptadec-1-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEGLARINAD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teglarinad","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983861"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NUG9P5GWZB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H43ClN5O8"}]}}{"C68931":{"preferredName":"Teglarinad Chloride","code":"C68931","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble prodrug of a cyanoguanidine compound with potential antineoplastic activity. In vivo, teglarinad chloride is rapidly converted into active drug through hydrolytic cleavage of a carbonate ester bond. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, the active drug appears to antagonize nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) transcription, resulting in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHS828 Prodrug","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EB1627","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GMX1777","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyridinium, 4-[[[[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)hexyl]amino](cyanoamino) methylene]amino]-1-(3-oxo-2,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxaheptadec-1-yl)-, chloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEGLARINAD CHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teglarinad Chloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Teglarinad Chloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346839"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"432037-57-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D6V5QYX9MZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"547816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"547816"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H43ClN5O8.Cl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Apoptosis_Inducer_GMX1777"}]}}{"C104057":{"preferredName":"Telapristone","code":"C104057","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available 21-substituted-19-nor-progestin and selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM), with potential anti-progesterone and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, telapristone competitively binds to the progesterone receptor (PR) in progesterone-responsive tissue and inhibits PR-mediated gene expression. This interferes with progesterone activity in the reproductive system. As a result, this agent may suppress ovulation and inhibit proliferation of endometrial tissue. Also, this agent may prevent cell growth and induce apoptosis in estrogen receptor (ER) and PR-positive breast cancer cells through a reduction in progesterone levels, ER downregulation and a suppression of the expression of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) 2 and 4, ultimately leading to G1/S cell cycle arrest. Unlike some other SPRMs, this agent does not exert any estrogenic, androgenic, anti-estrogenic, and anti-androgenic activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11Beta-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-17-hydroxy-21-methoxy-19- norpregna-4,9-diene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELAPRISTONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Telapristone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641719"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"198414-30-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"65703MV349"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C104055":{"preferredName":"Telapristone Acetate","code":"C104055","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate form of the 21-substituted-19-nor-progestin telapristone, an orally available selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM), with potential anti-progesterone and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CDB-4124 competitively binds to the progesterone receptor (PR) in progesterone-responsive tissue and inhibits PR-mediated gene expression. This interferes with progesterone activity in the reproductive system. As a result, this agent may suppress ovulation and inhibit proliferation of endometrial tissue. Also, this agent may prevent cell growth and induce apoptosis in estrogen receptor (ER) and PR-positive breast cancer cells through a reduction in progesterone levels, ER downregulation and a suppression of the expression of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) 2 and 4, ultimately leading to G1/S cell cycle arrest. Unlike some other SPRMs, this agent does not exert any estrogenic, androgenic, anti-estrogenic, and anti-androgenic activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S,11R,13S,14S,17R)-11-(4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl)-17-(2-methoxyacetyl)-13-methyl-3-oxo-2,3,6,7,8,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDB-4124","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proellex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Progenta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELAPRISTONE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Telapristone Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Telapristone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3501648"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1K9EYK92PQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598776"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598776"}]}}{"C87837":{"preferredName":"Telatinib Mesylate","code":"C87837","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable mesylate salt of the 17-allylaminogeldanamycin (17-AAG) small-molecule inhibitor of several receptor protein tyrosine kinases with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Telatinib binds to and inhibits the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) type 2 and 3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRb) and c-Kit, which may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis and cellular proliferation in tumors in which these receptors are upregulated. These telatinib-inhibited receptor protein tyrosine kinases are overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and may play key roles in tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. 17-AAG is a synthetic analogue of the benzoquinone ansamycin antibiotic geldanamycin and has also been found to inhibit the molecular chaperone Hsp90.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-Demethoxy-17-Allylaminogeldanamycin Mesylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Telatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL415590"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"652798"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"652798"}]}}{"C118571":{"preferredName":"Telisotuzumab Vedotin","code":"C118571","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of telisotuzumab, a monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and proto-oncogene, c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase (c-Met; MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) conjugated to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a valine-citrulline (vc) peptide linker (vc-MMAE; vedotin), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of telisotuzumab vedotin targets and binds to c-Met expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and enzymatic cleavage, the cytotoxic agent MMAE is released into the cytosol. MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. This kills the c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 399","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-399","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT 399","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-399","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-700-VCMMAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELISOTUZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Telisotuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Telisotuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474084"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1714088-51-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"976X9VXC3Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759579"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759579"}]}}{"C2715":{"preferredName":"Telomerase Inhibitor FJ5002","code":"C2715","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of rhodacyanine with potential antineoplastic activity. FJ5002 inhibits telomerase by interfering with holoenzyme assembly and telomere interaction, thus leading to replication-dependent shortening of telomeres with a concurrent increase in aneuploid metaphases and apoptotic cells. Telomerase is active in most tumors cells, but is quiescent in adjacent normal cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FJ5002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telomerase Inhibitor FJ5002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0908717"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"FJ5002"}]}}{"C119617":{"preferredName":"Telomerase-specific Type 5 Adenovirus OBP-301","code":"C119617","definitions":[{"description":"A replication-competent oncolytic, telomerase-specific adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5), with potential antineoplastic activity. OBP-301 contains the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene promoter sequence that drives the expression of the E1A and E1B genes, and is linked to an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES). Upon administration, OBP-301 selectively infects and replicates in cancer cells that are expressing telomerase, which causes cell lysis. This adenovirus does not infect or replicate in normal, healthy cells. OBP-301 may also potentially be used as a chemosensitizer. hTERT, which encodes for the catalytic protein subunit of telomerase, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types but not in normal, healthy cells. The insertion of an IRES further improves selectivity towards telomerase-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OBP-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telomelysin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telomerase-specific Type 5 Adenovirus OBP-301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Telomerase-specific Type 5 Adenovirus OBP-301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896800"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766745"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766745"}]}}{"C1520":{"preferredName":"Teloxantrone","code":"C1520","definitions":[{"description":"An anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic. Teloxantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair, as well as RNA and protein synthesis","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anthra(1,9-cd)pyrazol-6(2H)-one,7,10-dihydroxy-2-(2-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)ethyl)-5-((2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-937","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moxantrazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELOXANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teloxantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0244823"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"91441-48-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"96521WL61B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H25N5O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Teloxantrone"}]}}{"C74544":{"preferredName":"Teloxantrone Hydrochloride","code":"C74544","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic. Teloxantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair, as well as RNA and protein synthesis","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anthra(1,9-cd)pyrazol-6(2H)-one,7,10-dihydroxy-2-(2-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)ethyl)-5-((2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino) Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-937","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUP 937","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moxantrazole Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELOXANTRONE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teloxantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"355644"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0970561"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"132937-88-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7ZQK8VIO6V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39411"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39411"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H25N5O4.2HCl.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Teloxantrone_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C124653":{"preferredName":"Telratolimod","code":"C124653","definitions":[{"description":"A toll-like receptor type 7 and 8 (TLR7/8) agonist with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon intratumoral administration, telratolimod binds to and activates TLR7 and 8, thereby stimulating antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). Activation of DCs results in the production of proinflammatory cytokines, and the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and B-lymphocyte immune responses. This may cause tumor cell lysis. TLR7 and 8, members of the TLR family, play fundamental roles in the activation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3M 052","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3M-052","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 9197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-9197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI9197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELRATOLIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TLR7/TLR8 Dual Agonist MEDI9197","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telratolimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Telratolimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toll-like Receptor 7/8 Agonist MEDI9197","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502885"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"16598XQ2BT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777376"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777376"}]}}{"C63953":{"preferredName":"Temarotene","code":"C63953","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic bioactive retinoid with differentiation inducing and potential antineoplastic activities. Like other retinoic acid agents, temarotene binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-6-[(1E)-1-methyl-2-phenylethenyl]naphthalene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 15-0778","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEMAROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TTNPB, Decarboxylated Analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temaroten","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Temarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076076"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"75078-91-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A28G39IJ7K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H28"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Temarotene"}]}}{"C1669":{"preferredName":"Temoporfin","code":"C1669","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is also used in cancer prevention. It belongs to the family of drugs called photosensitizing agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic light-activated chlorin with photodynamic activity. Upon systemic administration, temoporfin distributes throughout the body and is taken up by tumor cells. Upon stimulation of temoporfin by non-thermal laser light (at 652 nm), and in the presence of oxygen, this agent produces highly reactive short-lived singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen radicals, resulting in local damage to tumor cells. This may kill tumor cells and may reduce the tumor size.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,10,15,20-Tetra-(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Foscan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEMOPORFIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Temoporfin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Temoporfin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"m-Tetrahydroxyphenyl-chlorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTHPC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"meta-Tetrahydroxyphenyl Chlorin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"meta-Tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"temoporfin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17516041"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0379149"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"122341-38-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FU21S769PF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42851"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C44H32N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Temoporfin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9437"}]}}{"C1244":{"preferredName":"Temozolomide","code":"C1244","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat certain types of brain tumors in adults and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A triazene analog of dacarbazine with antineoplastic activity. As a cytotoxic alkylating agent, temozolomide is converted at physiologic pH to the short-lived active compound, monomethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (MTIC). The cytotoxicity of MTIC is due primarily to methylation of DNA at the O6 and N7 positions of guanine, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication. Unlike dacarbazine, which is metabolized to MITC only in the liver, temozolomide is metabolized to MITC at all sites. Temozolomide is administered orally and penetrates well into the central nervous system. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxoimidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-carbamoyl-3-methylimidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazin-4(3H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCRG-81045","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"M & B 39831","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M and B 39831","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methazolastone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Methazolastone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP-46161","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 52365","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEMOZOLOMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TMZ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temcad","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temodal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temodar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Temodar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temomedac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temozolomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Temozolomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Temozolomide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Temozolomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"temozolomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"362856"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076080"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"85622-93-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Malignant glioma (Anaplastic astrocytoma; Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas; Anaplastic oligoastrocytomas; Glioblastoma multiforme); Metastatic melanoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YF1K15M17Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41671"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41671"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H6N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Temozolomide"}]}}{"C1844":{"preferredName":"Temsirolimus","code":"C1844","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced renal cell carcinoma (a type of kidney cancer). It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Temsirolimus blocks a protein involved in cell division, and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of rapamycin analog and a type of serine/threonine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An ester analog of rapamycin. Temsirolimus binds to and inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), resulting in decreased expression of mRNAs necessary for cell cycle progression and arresting cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase which plays a role in the PI3K/AKT pathway that is upregulated in some tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"42-(3-Hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpropanoate)rapamycin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCI-779","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"CCI-779","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CCI-779","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCI-779 Rapamycin Analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cell Cycle Inhibitor 779","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rapamycin Analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rapamycin Analog CCI-779","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEMSIROLIMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Temsirolimus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Temsirolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Torisel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Torisel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"temsirolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"683864"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707080"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"162635-04-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Advanced renal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Renal Cell Carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"624KN6GM2T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43369"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43369"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C56H87NO16"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CCI-779"}]}}{"C113433":{"preferredName":"Tenalisib","code":"C113433","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active, highly selective, small molecule inhibitor of the delta and gamma isoforms of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tenalisib inhibits the PI3K delta and gamma isoforms and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT-mediated signaling pathway. This may lead to a reduction in cellular proliferation in PI3K delta/gamma-expressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent modulates inflammatory responses through various mechanisms, including the inhibition of both the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from neutrophils and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha activity. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, the delta and gamma isoforms are overexpressed primarily in hematologic malignancies and in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. By selectively targeting these isoforms, PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells is minimally impacted or not affected at all, which minimizes the side effect profile for this agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(3-Fluorophenyl)-2-((1S)-1-((7H-purin-6-yl)amino)propyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3-(3-fluorophenyl)-2-((1S)-1-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)propyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP 6530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP-6530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP6530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TENALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tenalisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tenalisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458227"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1639417-53-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2261HH611H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756264"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756264"}]}}{"C64772":{"preferredName":"Tenifatecan","code":"C64772","definitions":[{"description":"A highly lipophilic preparation of 7-Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38) with potential antineoplastic activity. SN2310 is an oil-in-water emulsion of tocopherol covalently linked, via a succinate linker, to SN-38, a synthetic derivative of the cytotoxic alkaloid camptothecin. After succinate linker is hydrolyzed in vivo, the active moiety SN-38 is released and selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-stranded DNA breaks and inducing lethal double-stranded DNA breaks. This inhibits DNA replication and triggers programmed cell death. SN2310 emulsion provides longer circulation time and potentiates drug exposure as compared to the unconjugated SN-38.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4S)-4,11-diethyl-4-hydroxy-3,14-dioxo-3,4,12,14-tetrahydro-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinolin- 9-yl (2R)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl Butanedioate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN-2310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN2310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TENIFATECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tenifatecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tocopherol Succinate 7-Ethyl-10-Hydroxycamptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883354"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"850728-18-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7G0Y719Q80"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518315"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518315"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C55H72N2O9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tocopherol_Succinate_7-Ethyl-10-Hydroxycamptothecin"}]}}{"C857":{"preferredName":"Teniposide","code":"C857","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is a podophyllotoxin derivative and belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin with antineoplastic activity. Teniposide forms a ternary complex with the enzyme topoisomerase II and DNA, resulting in dose-dependent single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA, DNA: protein cross-links, inhibition of DNA strand religation, and cytotoxicity. This agent acts in the late S or early G phase of the cell cycle. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-(4,6-O-2-Thenylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin-beta-D-thenylidine Glucoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TENIPOSIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teniposide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Teniposide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Teniposide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thenylidene Lignan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VM 26","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VM-26","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"VM-26","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vehem","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vehem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vumon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vumon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[5R-[5Alpha,5a beta,8a alpha, 9beta(R*)]]-5,8,8a,9-tetrahydro-5-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-9-[[4,6-O-(2-thienylmethylene)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]furo[3',4':6,7]-naphtho[2,3-d]-1,3-dioxol-6(5aH)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"teniposide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"122819"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039512"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"29767-20-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"957E6438QA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43671"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43671"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H32O13S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Teniposide"}]}}{"C88314":{"preferredName":"Tepotinib","code":"C88314","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of MET tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Tepotinib selectively binds to MET tyrosine kinase and disrupts MET signal transduction pathways, which may induce apoptosis in tumor cells overexpressing this kinase. The receptor tyrosine kinase MET (also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor or HGFR), is the product of the proto-oncogene c-Met and is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types; this protein plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzonitrile, 3-(1,6-Dihydro-1-((3-(5-((1-methyl-4-piperidinyl)methoxy)-2-pyrimidinyl)phenyl)methyl)-6-oxo-3-pyridazinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 1214063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD-1214063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD1214063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEPOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tepotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tepotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3658472"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1100598-32-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1IJV77EI07"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660212"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660212"}]}}{"C95797":{"preferredName":"Teprotumumab","code":"C95797","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. R1507 blocks the action of a protein needed for cell growth and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Teprotumumab binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing the binding of the natural ligand IGF-1 and the activation of PI3K/AKT signal transduction; downregulation of the PI3K/AKT survival pathway may result in the induction of apoptosis and decreased cellular proliferation. The activation of IGF-1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase of the insulin receptor superfamily, stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis; IGF-1R signaling has been implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Monoclonal Antibody R1507","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Insulin-like Growth Factor I Receptor)(Human Monoclonal Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R1507","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"R1507","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG1507","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO4858696-000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RV001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEPROTUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teprotumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Teprotumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teprotumumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3181764"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"89957-37-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Treatment of solid and hematologic tumors"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y64GQ0KC0A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"557569"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"557569"}]}}{"C61441":{"preferredName":"Terameprocol","code":"C61441","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks proteins needed for cancer growth. It is a type of transcriptional inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic tetra-methylated derivative of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) and transcriptional inhibitor with potential antiviral, antiangiogenic, and antineoplastic activities. Terameprocol competes with the transcription factor Sp1 for specific Sp1 DNA binding domains within gene promoter regions during DNA synthesis. In virally-infected cells, blocking of the Sp1 binding site suppresses Sp1-regulated viral promoter activity and gene expression, thereby inhibiting viral transcription and replication. In tumor cells, blockage of Sp1 binding sites by this agent interferes with the transcription of the Sp1-dependant genes cyclin-dependant kinase (Cdc2), survivin, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which are overexpressed in a variety of cancers. By suppressing Sp1-regulated transcription of these genes, terameprocol may reduce tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation and induce tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1'-(2,3-Dimethyl-1,4-butanediyl)bis(3,4-dimethoxybenzene)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EM-1421","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"EM-1421","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M4N","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TERAMEPROCOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TMNDGA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Terameprocol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Terameprocol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetra-O-methyl Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetra-O-methyl-NDGA","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetramethoxynordihydroguaiaretic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tetra-O-methyl NDGA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"tetra-O-methyl nordihydroguaiaretic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"136955"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0654036"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"24150-24-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"53YET703F2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"472205"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"472205"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H30O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"EM-1421"}]}}{"C75292":{"preferredName":"Terfluranol","code":"C75292","definitions":[{"description":"A trifluoroethyl derivative with antineoplastic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TERFLURANOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Terfluranol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699917"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"64396-09-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WUF1DL156G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H17F3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Terfluranol"}]}}{"C66985":{"preferredName":"Tergenpumatucel-L","code":"C66985","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic lung cancer vaccine with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Derived from allogeneic lung tumor cells, tergenpumatucel-L is engineered to express the murine alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GalT), an enzyme humans lack. GalT catalyzes the expression of foreign alpha-1,3-galactosyl (alpha-gal) carbohydrate epitopes in glycoproteins and in glycolipids on the cell membranes of the allogeneic lung tumor cells present in the vaccine, essentially producing a 'xenograft'. The hyperacute rejection involves pre-existing human anti-alpha-gal antibodies that bind the foreign alpha-gal epitopes expressed by the vaccine tumor cell xenograft, resulting in complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) towards endogenous lung tumor cells with unmodified carbohydrate epitopes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyperacute Lung Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tergenpumatucel-L","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tergenpumatucel-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"15161001"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879682"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539100"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539100"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Alpha-1_3-Galactosyltransferase-Expressing_Allogeneic_Lung_Tumor_Cell_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2320":{"preferredName":"Teroxirone","code":"C2320","definitions":[{"description":"A triazene triepoxide with antineoplastic activity. Teroxine alkylates and cross-links DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Henkel's Compound","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEROXIRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teroxirone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Teroxirone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-1,3,5-triglycidyl-s-triazinetrione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-TGI","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-Triglycidyl Isocyanurate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"296934"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0043891"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"59653-73-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"456V4159SL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39722"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39722"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H15N3O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Teroxirone"}]}}{"C62756":{"preferredName":"Tertomotide","code":"C62756","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic peptide vaccine, containing 16 amino acid residues (611-626) of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase catalytic subunit (hTERT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Telomerase, a reverse transcriptase normally repressed in healthy cells, is overexpressed in most cancer cells and plays a key role in cellular proliferation. Vaccination with tertomotide may activate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GV 1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GV-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GV1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (EC 2.7.7.49)-(611-626)-Peptide (Telomerase Catalytic Subunit Fragment)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PrimoVax","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TERTOMOTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tertomotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831942"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"55R7RG342O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"502114"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"502114"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"GV1001"}]}}{"C37451":{"preferredName":"Tesetaxel","code":"C37451","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of taxane derivative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semi-synthetic, orally bioavailable taxane derivative with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic properties. Tesetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, promoting microtubule assembly and thereby preventing microtubule depolymerization. This may lead to cell cycle arrest and an inhibition of cell proliferation. This agent may also inhibit pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). As it represents poor substrate for P-glycoprotein-related drug resistance mechanisms, this agent may be useful for treating multi-drug resistant tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DJ-927","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DJ-927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TESETAXEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tesetaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tesetaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1872681"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"333754-36-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UG97LO5M8Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666079"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666079"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C46H60FN3O13"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"DJ-927"}]}}{"C62496":{"preferredName":"Tesevatinib","code":"C62496","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Tesevatinib binds to and inhibits several tyrosine receptor kinases that play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; ERBB1), epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), and ephrin B4 (EphB4). This may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Quinazolinamine, N-(3,4-dichloro-2-fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-7-(((3aalpha,5beta,6aalpha)-octahydro-2-methylcyclopenta(c)pyrrol-5-yl)methoxy)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EXEL 7647","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KD 019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KD019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TESEVATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tesevatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tesevatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL647","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"22011666"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541356"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"781613-23-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F6XM2TN5A1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"386183"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"386183"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"XL647"}]}}{"C129315":{"preferredName":"Tesidolumab","code":"C129315","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the complement pathway protein C5, with complement pathway inhibitory activity and potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, tesidolumab targets and binds to C5, thereby preventing both C5 convertase-mediated cleavage of C5 and the formation of C5a and C5b. This inhibits C5-mediated signal transduction, the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) and the activation of the terminal complement pathway, and results in the prevention and/or inhibition of both complement-mediated inflammation and cell destruction. C5 plays a key role in the activation of the complement cascade.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LFG-316","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LFG316","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOV-4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TESIDOLUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tesidolumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tesidolumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512306"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1531594-08-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3FO6689MSD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783588"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783588"}]}}{"C2301":{"preferredName":"Testolactone","code":"C2301","definitions":[{"description":"A progesterone derivative with antineoplastic activity. Testolactone inhibits steroid aromatase, thereby preventing the formation of estrogen from adrenal androstenedione and reducing endogenous estrogen levels. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,3,4,4a,4b,7,9,10,10a-Decahydro-2-hydroxy-2,4b-dimethyl-7-oxo-1-phenanthrenepropionic Acid Delta-Lactone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Dehydrotestololactone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"13-Hydroxy-3-0x0-13,17-secoandrosta-1,4-dien-17-oic Acid Delta-Lactone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17Alpha-oxo-D-homo-1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Homo-17a-oxaandrosta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Delta-1-Testololactone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fludestrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fludestrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQ 9538","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SQ-9538","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TESTOLACTONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teslac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Teslac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testolactone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Testolactone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"23759"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039600"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"968-93-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6J9BLA949Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42916"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42916"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H24O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Testolactone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9460"}]}}{"C1247":{"preferredName":"Testosterone Enanthate","code":"C1247","definitions":[{"description":"A long-acting intramuscular form of the androgen testosterone. Testosterone inhibits gonadotropin secretion from the pituitary gland and ablates estrogen production in the ovaries, thereby decreasing endogenous estrogen levels. In addition, this agent promotes the maintenance of male sex characteristics and is indicated for testosterone replacement in hypogonadal males, delayed puberty, and metastatic mammary cancer. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Andro LA","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androtardyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Androtardyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Delatestryl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Everone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Everone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primosteston","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TESTOSTERONE ENANTHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Testate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Testate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testinon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Testinon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testo-Enant","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testosterone Enanthate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Testosterone Enanthate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testosterone enanthate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"17591"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076189"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"315-37-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Male Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism; Delayed Puberty-Male and Primary Hypogonadism."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7Z6522T8N9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795022"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795022"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H40O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Testosterone_Enanthate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9464"}]}}{"C2660":{"preferredName":"Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine","code":"C2660","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is derived from the toxin released by the bacterium that causes the disease tetanus. It is used as a vaccine to prevent tetanus or to help boost the immune response to other vaccines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A preparation of formaldehyde-deactivated toxin isolated from the bacterium Clostridium tetani. Tetanus toxoid is used for booster injection and can stimulate the production of antitoxin antibodies. This agent may be used as an adjuvant in cancer vaccines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Tetanus Toxoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"tetanus toxoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"722666"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0305062"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Tetanus Prophylaxis"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38508"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38508"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tetanus_Toxoid"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine"}]}}{"C866":{"preferredName":"Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate","code":"C866","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of leukemias and lymphomas. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Tetradecanoylphorbol acetate affects many cell actions and may cause tumor cells to die. It is a type of phorbol ester.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A phorbol ester with potential antineoplastic effects. Tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA) induces maturation and differentiation of hematopoietic cell lines, including leukemic cells. This agent may induce gene expression and protein kinase C (PKC) activity. In addition to potential antineoplastic effects, TPA may exhibit tumor promoting activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lonomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHORBOL 12-MYRISTATE 13-ACETATE DIESTER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PMA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phorbol Myristate Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TPA (Phorbol Ester)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tetradecanoylphorbol acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"262244"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039654"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"16561-29-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NI40JAQ945"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43661"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43661"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C36H56O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tetradecanoylphorbol_Acetate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:37537"}]}}{"C868":{"preferredName":"Tetrahydrouridine","code":"C868","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that makes tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy and is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called cytidine deaminase inhibitors, multidrug resistance modulators, and radiosensitizers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside analogue with biomodulating activity. Tetrahydrouridine increases the efficacy of the radiosensitizer cytochlor (5-chloro-2'-deoxycytidine) by inhibiting the enzyme deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP) deaminase and preventing the premature deamination of the cytochlor metabolite 5-chloro-2'-deoxycytidine monophosphate (CldCMP) to 5-chloro-2'-deoxyuridine monophosphate (CldUMP); in turn, this increases tumor concentrations of CldUMP which is then further anabolized and incorporated selectively into tumor DNA as CldU (5-chloro-2'-deoxyuridine). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2(1H)-pyrimidinone, tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetrahydrouridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tetrahydrouridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tetrahydrouridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tetrahydrouridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"112907"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039677"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"18771-50-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39710"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39710"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tetrahydrouridine"}]}}{"C88344":{"preferredName":"Fimaporfin A","code":"C88344","definitions":[{"description":"The A isomer of fimaporfin, a synthetic light-activated compound, with potential photosensitizing activity. Upon administration, fimaporfin A incorporates into the cell's endosome and lysosome membranes. Subsequently, cytotoxic agents are administered and accumulate in endosomal and lysosomal compartments; upon local activation by light, fimaporfin A produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen, damaging endo/lysosomal membranes and accumulated cytotoxic agents are released into the tumor cell cytosol. This photochemical internalization (PCI) method can enhance the efficacy and selectivity of cytotoxic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amphinex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Disulfonated Tetraphenylchlorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIMAPORFIN A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fimaporfin A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPCS2a","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetraphenyl Chlorin Disulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413542"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"501083-97-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P4BBY8S91N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658036"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658036"}]}}{"C160684":{"preferredName":"Tetrathiomolybdate","code":"C160684","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable metal copper (Cu) chelator, with potential antiangiogenic, anti-metastatic and antitumor activities. Upon oral administration, tetrathiomolybdate (TM) targets and binds to copper and food protein in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, thereby forming stable complexes and preventing copper uptake and reabsorption. Additionally, absorbed free TM targets and binds to copper and serum albumin in the bloodstream. This depletes systemic copper reserves and deprives the tumor microenvironment (TME) from copper. Chelation of copper by TM downregulates the expression of angiogenic factors of which copper is a cofactor, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and prevents the production of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB). Copper deprivation also inhibits the activity and levels of copper-dependent angiogenic enzymes, such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR). This modulates the activity of VEGFR-positive endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) that are necessary for metastasis. EPC deficiency results in the inhibition of angiogenesis and prevents metastasis. TM also inhibits the activities of other copper-containing metalloenzymes, including superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in endothelial cells, cytochrome C oxidase, vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1), antioxidant 1 copper chaperone (ATOX-1) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). Inhibition of these enzymes interferes with the activation of several signal transduction pathways required for cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. TM also inhibits the activity and levels of lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2; lysyl oxidase homolog 2), a copper dependent amine oxidase that is critical for modeling the pre-metastatic niche and promotes metastasis, tumor cell migration and invasiveness. In addition, copper depletion also attenuates the activation of host cells within the tumor microenvironment including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), modulates tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and promotes cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCRIS 9412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Molybdate(2-), Tetrathioxo-, (T-4)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIOMOLIBDATE ION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetrathiomolybdate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tetrathiomolybdate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetrathioxomolybdate(2-)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"16330-92-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"91U3TGV99T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1539":{"preferredName":"Tezacitabine","code":"C1539","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that belongs to a family of drugs called ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Phosphorylated by cellular kinases, tezacitabine is converted into its active diphosphate and triphosphate metabolites. Tezacitabine diphosphate binds to and irreversibly inhibits the activity of the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), which may result in the inhibition of DNA synthesis in tumor cells and tumor cell apoptosis. Tezacitabine triphosphate acts as a substrate for DNA polymerase, further compromising DNA replication. This agent is relatively resistant to metabolic deactivation by cytidine deaminase. RNR catalyzes the conversion of ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphates to deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphates necessary for DNA synthesis and is overexpressed in many tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2'-Deoxy-2'-(fluoromethylene)cytidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FMdC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDL 101,731","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MDL 101,731","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEZACITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tezacitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0253087"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"171176-43-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UCC4EQS7WL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354256"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354256"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H12FN3O4.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tezacitabine"}]}}{"C95916":{"preferredName":"Tezacitabine Anhydrous","code":"C95916","definitions":[{"description":"The anhydrous form of tezacitabine, a synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Phosphorylated by cellular kinases, tezacitabine is converted into its active diphosphate and triphosphate metabolites. Tezacitabine diphosphate binds to and irreversibly inhibits the activity of the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), which may result in the inhibition of DNA synthesis in tumor cells and eventually tumor cell apoptosis. Tezacitabine triphosphate acts as a substrate for DNA polymerase, thereby further inhibiting DNA replication. RNR catalyzes the conversion of ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphates to deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphates, a necessary step for DNA synthesis, and is overexpressed in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2'-Deoxy-2'-(fluoromethylene)cytidine Anhydrous","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FMdC Anhydrous","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEZACITABINE ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tezacitabine Anhydrous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272436"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"130306-02-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7607Y95N9S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H12FN3O4"}]}}{"C869":{"preferredName":"Thalicarpine","code":"C869","definitions":[{"description":"A natural aporphine benzylisoquinoline vinca alkaloid with antineoplastic activity. Thalicarpine binds to and inhibits p-glycoprotein, the multidrug resistance efflux pump. Thalicarpine also induces single-strand breaks in DNA and arrests cancer cells at the G2/M and G1 phase of the cell cycle. 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Upon oral administration, theliatinib binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, and may lead to both induction of cell death and inhibition of tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HMPL 309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL-309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theliatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1353644-70-8"}]}}{"C2385":{"preferredName":"Theramide","code":"C2385","definitions":[{"description":"A lipophilic disaccharide derivative of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) with strong immunostimulating activity and used as a vaccine adjuvant. MDP, a component of bacterial cell wall, is the minimum chemical structure required for macrophage activation. Due to MDP's toxicity and short duration of action, theramide was developed with improved stability, and can be administered without a liposome carrier. Theramide stimulates macrophage activity, which in turn potentiates other immune responses, including the release of proinflammatory interleukins and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha). The release of these cytokines further augments the activation of cellular and humoral immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DTP-DPP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-acetylglucsamnmyl-N-acetylmuramyl-L-Al-D-isoglu-L-Ala-dipalmitoxy propylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theramide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281665"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42146"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42146"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Theramide"}]}}{"C68962":{"preferredName":"Therapeutic Angiotensin-(1-7)","code":"C68962","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. Therapeutic angiotensin-(1-7) is a hormone that is made in the laboratory, and helps control blood pressure. It may stop the growth of some types of cancer cells and may stop the growth of blood vessels needed by tumors to grow. It is a type of antiproliferative agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic heptapeptide identical to endogenous angiotensin-(1-7) with vasodilator and antiproliferative activities. Therapeutic angiotensin 1-7 may inhibit cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and the production of proinflammatory prostaglandins and may activate the angiotensin-(1-7) receptor Mas, resulting in diminished tumor cell proliferation. Activation of the angiotensin-(1-7) receptor Mas, a G-protein coupled, seven transmembrane protein, may down-regulate the phosphorylation and activation of Erk1 and Erk2 in the Erk1/Erk2 MAPK signaling pathway. In the renin-angiotensin system, the vasodilating activity of angiotensin- (1-7), hydrolysed from angiotensin II by the type I transmembrane metallopeptidase and carboxypeptidase angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in vivo, counteracts the vasoconstricting activity of angiotensin II.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ang 1-7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiotensin 1-7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Angiotensin-(1-7)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Angiotensin-(1-7)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"therapeutic angiotensin-(1-7)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0103306"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543940"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543940"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Angiotensin_1-7"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:55438"}]}}{"C91077":{"preferredName":"Therapeutic Breast/Ovarian/Prostate Peptide Cancer Vaccine DPX-0907","code":"C91077","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid-based multi-peptide cancer vaccine targeted against multiple cancers with immunopotentiating activity. Therapeutic breast/ovarian/prostate peptide cancer vaccine DPX-0907 is a lyophilized liposomal proprietary preparation comprised of 7 tumor-specific HLA-A2-restricted epitopes (TAAs): Topoisomerase II alpha, B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 (CDM protein), TNF-alpha-converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM17), Abelson homolog 2 (Abl2), gamma catenin (Junction plakoglobin), epithelial discoidin domain receptor 1 (EDDR1) and integrin beta 8 subunit. Upon vaccination, the lyophilized antigen/adjuvant/liposome complex is re-suspended in Montanide 1SA51 VG to create a depot effect, thereby presenting the TAAs to the immune system for a prolonged period of time. This may stimulate a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against cancer cells that express these 7 TAAs and share epitopes with the vaccine epitope peptides, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The 7 TAAs are overexpressed on the surface of breast/ovarian and prostate cancer cells and play an important role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DPX-0907","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Breast/Ovarian/Prostate Peptide Cancer Vaccine DPX-0907","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Breast/Ovarian/Prostate Peptide Cancer Vaccine DPX-0907","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984018"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670456"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670456"}]}}{"C478":{"preferredName":"Therapeutic Estradiol","code":"C478","definitions":[{"description":"A steroid sex hormone vital to the maintenance of fertility and secondary sexual characteristics in females. Typically esterified, estradiol derivatives are formulated for oral or parenteral administration. As the primary, most potent estrogen hormone produced by the ovaries, estradiol binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors. Estradiol exhibits mild anabolic and metabolic properties, and increases blood coagulability.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(17beta)-Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17 Beta-Estradiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aquadiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Aquadiol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimenformon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dimenformon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diogyn","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Diogyn","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diogynets","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Diogynets","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESTRADIOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Estrace","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Estrace","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estraldine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Estraldine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oestradiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ovocylin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ovocylin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Progynon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Progynon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Estradiol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Estradiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vagifem","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"20293"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"9895"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699359"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-28-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4TI98Z838E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39236"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39236"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H24O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Therapeutic_Estradiol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:16469"}]}}{"C555":{"preferredName":"Therapeutic Hydrocortisone","code":"C555","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to relieve the symptoms of certain hormone shortages and to suppress an immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic or semisynthetic analog of natural hydrocortisone hormone produced by the adrenal glands with primary glucocorticoid and minor mineralocorticoid effects. As a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, hydrocortisone promotes protein catabolism, gluconeogenesis, capillary wall stability, renal excretion of calcium, and suppresses immune and inflammatory responses. 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Upon intradermal administration of the therapeutic liver cancer peptide vaccine IMA970A, the liver-specific peptides in the vaccine activate the immune system to exert both CD4+ T-helper and CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune responses against liver cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HCC Vaccine IMA970A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA970A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Liver Cancer Peptide Vaccine IMA970A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553170"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793143"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793143"}]}}{"C92589":{"preferredName":"Thiarabine","code":"C92589","definitions":[{"description":"A analog of antimetabolite cytarabine (ara-C), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, thiarabine (T-araC) is phosphorylated to the triphosphate form T-araCTP and competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA. This results in an inhibition of DNA replication and RNA synthesis, chain termination and may eventually decrease tumor cell proliferation. Compared to ara-C, T-araC appears to have a longer half-life and has a higher efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-thio-araC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS7836","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-7836","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thiarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0915967"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675426"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675426"}]}}{"C75295":{"preferredName":"Thiodiglycol","code":"C75295","definitions":[{"description":"A hydrolysis product of mustard gas, an alkylating agent, with antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THIODIGLYCOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Thiodiethylene Glycol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiodiglycol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta-Hydroxyethyl Sulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"6289"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0045267"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"111-48-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9BW5T43J04"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H10O2S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Thiodiglycol"}]}}{"C876":{"preferredName":"Thioguanine","code":"C876","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic guanosine analogue antimetabolite. Phosphorylated by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, thioguanine incorporates into DNA and RNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses and cell death. This agent also inhibits glutamine-5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase, thereby inhibiting purine synthesis. 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Thioguanine is phosphorylated by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase to 6-thioguanylic acid (TGMP) and upon conversion to thioguanosine diphosphate (TGDP) and thioguanosine triphosphate (TGTP), this agent is incorporated into DNA and RNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and cell death. This agent also inhibits glutamine-5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase, thereby inhibiting purine ribonulceotide synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"THIOGUANINE ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Thioguanine Anhydrous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883309"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154-42-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WIX31ZPX66"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H5N5S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Thioguanine_Anhydrous"}]}}{"C877":{"preferredName":"Thioinosine","code":"C877","definitions":[{"description":"A sulfhydryl analog of inosine and an antimetabolite with potential antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. Thioinosine interferes with de novo purine synthesis and perturbs the pool of nucleotides necessary for DNA replication. As a result, this agent inhibits DNA synthesis, blocks cellular proliferation and induces apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Mercaptopurine ribonucleoside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Mercaptopurine riboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-mercaptopurine ribonucleoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-mercaptopurine riboside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptopurine Riboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THIOINOSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Thioinosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thioinosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"inosine, 6-thio","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ribosyl-6-mercaptopurine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"4911"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039904"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"574-25-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"46S541971T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39496"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39496"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H12N4O4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Thioinosine"}]}}{"C74082":{"preferredName":"Thioredoxin-1 Inhibitor PX-12","code":"C74082","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Thioredoxin-1 inhibitor PX-12 irreversibly binds to thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) and inhibits its activity, which may result in growth inhibition and the induction of apoptosis. Overexpressed in many cancer cell types, the low molecular weight redox protein Trx-1 regulates transcription factor activity and inhibits apoptosis, promoting cell growth and survival; it also interacts with growth factors extracellularly to stimulate cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Methylpropyl 2-Imidazolyl Disulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PX-12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thioredoxin-1 Inhibitor PX-12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thioredoxin-1 Inhibitor PX-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0960559"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590656"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590656"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Thioredoxin-1_Inhibitor_PX-12"}]}}{"C875":{"preferredName":"Thiotepa","code":"C875","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A polyfunctional, organophosphorus alkylating agent and a stable derivative of N,N',N''-triethylenephosphoramide (TEPA), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, thiotepa is converted into highly reactive ethylenimine groups, which covalently bind to nucleophilic groups in DNA and demonstrate a preference for the N7 position of guanine bases. This induces crosslinking of alkylated guanine bases in double-stranded DNA, interferes with both DNA replication and cell division, and results in both the induction of apoptosis and the inhibition of cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1',1\"-phosphinothioylidynetrisaziridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,1',1''-Phosphinothioyldynetrisaziridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,1',1''-Phosphinothioylidynetrisaziridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Girostan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N,N', N''-Triethylenethiophosphoramide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N,N',N''-triethylenethiophosphoramide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncotiotepa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"STEPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TESPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TESPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THIOTEPA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TIO TEF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TSPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TSPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tepadina","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tepadina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tespamin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tespamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thio-Tepa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thiofosfamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiofozil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thiophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thiophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiophosphoramide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thioplex","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiotef","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thiotepa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Thiotepa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thiotepa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thiotepa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tifosyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tio-tef","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triethylene Thiophosphoramide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triethylene thiophosphoramide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triethylenethiophosphoramide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine sulfide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"WR 45312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"thiotepa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"triethylenethiophosphoramide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine sulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"6396"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039871"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52-24-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Bladder cancer; Breast cancer; Ovarian cancer; Hodgkins lymphoma; Non-hodgkins lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"905Z5W3GKH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42933"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42933"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H12N3PS"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Thiotepa"}]}}{"C102881":{"preferredName":"Thioureidobutyronitrile","code":"C102881","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, small molecule and activator of the tumor suppressor protein p53, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, thioureidobutyronitrile activates p53 which in turn induces the expressions of p21 and PUMA (p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis), thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth and causing tumor cell apoptosis. Thioureidobutyronitrile may be effective in drug-resistant cancers with mutated p53. p53 tumor suppressor, a transcription factor regulating the expression of many stress response genes and mediating various anti-proliferative processes, is often mutated in cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-ISOTHIOUREIDOBUTYRONITRILE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"4-Isothioureidobutyronitrile","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbamimidothioic Acid, 3-Cyanopropyl Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kevetrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thioureidobutyronitrile","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thioureidobutyronitrile","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437184"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C3059TG1KN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739050"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739050"}]}}{"C155977":{"preferredName":"Thorium Th 227 Anetumab","code":"C155977","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of anetumab, a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin, conjugated to an as of yet not disclosed chelating agent, and labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope thorium Th 227, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration the monoclonal antibody moiety of thorium Th 227 anetumab binds to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin, delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to cells expressing mesothelin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 2287411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-2287411","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BAY2287411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium Th 227 Anetumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thorium Th 227 Anetumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium Th 227 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2287411","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium-227 Labeled Anetumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium-227 Labeled Antibody-chelator Conjugate BAY2287411","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562713"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"22OG9ZC9MN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795118"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795118"}]}}{"C128288":{"preferredName":"Threonine Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CFI-402257","code":"C128288","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the dual specificity protein kinase TTK (monopolar spindle 1 kinase, Mps1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the Mps1 inhibitor CFI-402257 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of Mps1. This inactivates the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and accelerates mitosis, which results in chromosomal misalignment and missegregation, and mitotic checkpoint complex destabilization. This induces cell death in Mps1-overexpressing cancer cells. Mps1, a tyrosine and serine/threonine kinase expressed in proliferating normal tissues, is essential for proper SAC functioning and chromosome alignment. Overexpressed in various human tumors, Mps1 plays a key role in uncontrolled tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CFI-402257","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSP1 Inhibitor CFI-402257","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-cyclopropyl-4-(7-((((1s,3s)-3-hydroxy-3-methylcyclobutyl)methyl)amino)-5-(pyridin-2-yloxy)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-2-methylbenzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTK Inhibitor CFI-402257","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Threonine Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CFI-402257","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507939"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1610759-22-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782180"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782180"}]}}{"C116720":{"preferredName":"Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor DFP-11207","code":"C116720","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DFP-11207 binds to and inhibits TS. This reduces thymine nucleotide synthesis, inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division, causes DNA damage and leads to tumor cell apoptosis. TS catalyzes the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DFP-11207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TS Inhibitor DFP-11207","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor DFP-11207","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473914"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762603"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762603"}]}}{"C1294":{"preferredName":"Thymopentin","code":"C1294","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic pentapeptide which is the active site of the naturally occurring hormone thymopoietin with immunomodulating properties. Thymopentin enhances the production of thymic T cells and may help restore immunocompetence in immunosuppressed subjects. This agent also augments the effects of ionizing radiation by arresting cancer cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. 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Thyroid extract or desiccated thyroid contains both levothyroxine (thyroxine or T4) and liothyronine (triiodothyronine or T3). Levothyroxine is deiodinated in the peripheral tissues to produce increased levels of its active form, liothyronine (T3). Thyroid hormones play an important role in the regulation of cellular respiration, thermogenesis, cellular growth and differentiation as well as regulating the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Armour Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Levothyroxine/Liothyronine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0718658"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39301"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39301"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Thyroid_Extract"}]}}{"C1254":{"preferredName":"Tiazofurin","code":"C1254","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug being studied to stop cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic nucleoside analogue with antineoplastic activity. Tiazofurin (TR) is anabolized intracellularly to an analogue of NAD, tiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a potent inhibitor of IMP dehydrogenase (IMPDH); IMPDH is the rate-limiting enzyme for de novo purine synthesis. Inhibition of IMPDH results in reduced levels of guanylates, resulting in the inhibition tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. 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Upon administration, tidutamab binds to both T-cells and SSTR2-expressing cancer cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the SSTR2-expressing cancer cells. The inclusion of an Fc domain on the antibody prolongs the half-life of the bispecific antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-SSTR2 x Anti-CD3 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb18087","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIDUTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tidutamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tidutamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb 18087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb-18087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb18087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544867"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"88635FW2QX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792257"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792257"}]}}{"C78474":{"preferredName":"Tigapotide","code":"C78474","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic 15-mer peptide corresponding to amino acids 31-45 of the 94-amino acid isoform of human prostate secretory protein (PSP-94) with potential anti-metastasis and anti-angiogenesis activities. PSP-94-derived peptide PCK3145 may inhibit the secretion of the metastasis-related protein matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and its potential binding to its cell surface receptor CD44; may interfere with the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway, resulting in an anti-angiogenesis effect; and may reduce the levels of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), decreasing plasma calcium levels. PSP-94, one of three predominant proteins found in seminal fluid, may be down-regulated in prostate cancer, representing a potential survival mechanism for prostate cancer cells. MMP-9 is implicated in the invasion and metastasis of cancer. PTHrP may be expressed by various tumor cell types, resulting in the hypercalcemia of malignancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PCK3145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate-Secretory Protein-94-Derived Peptide PCK3145","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIGAPOTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tigapotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1670100"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"848084-83-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1WZ6S45S94"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600185"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600185"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C82H119N21O34S3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PSP-94-Derived_Synthetic_Peptide_PCK3145"}]}}{"C62482":{"preferredName":"Tigatuzumab","code":"C62482","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against human tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2) with potential antitumor activity. Mimicking the natural receptor ligand TRAIL, tigatuzumab binds to TRAIL-R2, activating signal transduction pathways that may result in tumor cell apoptosis and a reduction in tumor growth. A member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, TRAIL-R2, also known as DR5 (death receptor 5), is expressed on the surfaces of many types of malignant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DR5 MoAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TRAIL-R2 MoAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-1008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIGATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tigatuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tigatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-[Homo sapiens TNFRSF10B (Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 10B, DR5, TRAIL-R2, CD262)] Humanized Monoclonal TRA-8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2973415"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"237GB6IDKO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489323"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489323"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CS-1008"}]}}{"C1178":{"preferredName":"Tilarginine","code":"C1178","definitions":[{"description":"An amino acid derivative used to counteract high blood pressure caused by interleukin-2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pan-nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tilarginine binds to and inhibits NOS, a free radical signaling molecule that promotes angiogenesis, metastasis, and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Reduction in NOS activity may abrogate the immunosuppressive TME, enhance tumor antigen-specific immune response and inhibit tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L-NMMA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monomethylarginine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Methylarginine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N5-(Methylamidino)-L-ornithine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG-Monomethyl-L-Arginine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG-monomethyl-L-arginine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NMA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TILARGININE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Targinine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tilarginine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"omega-N-Monomethylarginine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"683245"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0069477"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"17035-90-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"27JT06E6GR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42258"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H16N4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"NG-Monomethyl-L-Arginine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28229"}]}}{"C125080":{"preferredName":"Tilsotolimod Sodium","code":"C125080","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary synthetic oligonucleotide-based agonist of toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, TLR9 agonist IMO-2125 binds to and activates TLR9 expressed by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and B-cells. This initiates immune signaling pathways, activates B-cells and pDCs, and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. TLR9 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMO 2125","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMO-2125","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TILSOTOLIMOD SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TLR9 Agonist IMO-2125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tilsotolimod Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tilsotolimod Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503920"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I6CNU8SY0F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777995"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777995"}]}}{"C2354":{"preferredName":"Timonacic","code":"C2354","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclic sulfur amino acid derivative with potential antineoplastic and antioxidant activities. Acting on cellular membranes of malignant cells through an unknown mechanism, timonacic may induce malignant cells to revert back to an untransformed state. This agent may also restore contact inhibition, a phenomenon characterized by the paracrine inhibition of mitosis following the formation of a critical cell mass, presumably the result of cell-to-cell signal transfer. Timonacic may also produce antioxidant effects secondary to its release of cysteine and restoration of glutathione concentrations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Thiazolidine Carboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Thiazolidinecarboxylic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"4-Thiazolidinecarboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Detoxepa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Detoxepa","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepalidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hepalidine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heparegen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIMONACIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Thiaproline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiazolidine Carboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiazolidine-4-carboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thiazolidinecarboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thioproline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thioproline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tiazolidin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Timonacic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Timonacic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Timonacic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"25855"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076425"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"444-27-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E5913T3IBL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39714"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39714"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H7NO2S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Thiazolidine_Carboxylic_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64564"}]}}{"C1255":{"preferredName":"Tin Ethyl Etiopurpurin","code":"C1255","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is also used in cancer prevention. It belongs to the family of drugs called photosensitizing agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic purpurin with photosensitizing activity. Tin ethyl etiopurpurin preferentially accumulates in tumor cells due to an increased rate of metabolism. Upon exposure to a light source, this agent absorbs light, forming an extended high energy conformational state that produces high quantum yields of singlet oxygen with local cytotoxic effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DRG-0268","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SnET2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SnET2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tin Ethyl Etiopurpurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tin, (ethyl tetramethyl-20-phorbinecarboxylato(2-)-N23,N24,N25,N26)-, (SP-4-2)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tin ethyl etiopurpurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076691"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"113471-15-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42606"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42606"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tin_Ethyl_Etiopurpurin"}]}}{"C126105":{"preferredName":"Tinostamustine","code":"C126105","definitions":[{"description":"An alkylating histone-deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) fusion molecule composed of the alkylating agent bendamustine fused to the pan-HDACi vorinostat, with potential bi-functional antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of tinostamustine the vorinostat moiety targets and binds to HDACs. This leads to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, which results in an induction of chromatin remodeling, a modulation of gene expression, an inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The bendamustine moiety binds to, alkylates and crosslinks macromolecules, inhibiting DNA, RNA and protein synthesis, which also results in tumor cell apoptosis. Thus, tinostamustine shows superior efficacy compared to the activity of either agent alone. In addition, the inhibition of HDAC6 activity by tinostamustine induces the activation of inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE-1), the key regulatory protein for the unfolded protein response (UPR). Induction of the UPR increases the sensitivity of certain cancer cell types to certain chemotherapeutic agents, such as proteasome inhibitors. Therefore, tinostamustine may work synergistically with proteasome inhibitors. HDACs, enzymes that deacetylate chromatin histone proteins, are overexpressed in various cancers and play a key role in proliferation and resistance of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Benzimidazole-2-heptanamide, 5-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)-N-hydroxy-1-methyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-(5-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-N-hydroxyheptanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDO-S 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDO-S-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDO-S101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TINOSTAMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tinostamustine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tinostamustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504700"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1236199-60-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"29DKI2H2NY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779305"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779305"}]}}{"C60810":{"preferredName":"Tinzaparin Sodium","code":"C60810","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used with another drug, warfarin, to treat blood clots that form deep in the veins and to prevent new blood clots from forming. It is a type of anticoagulant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt of a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), obtained by controlled enzymatic depolymerization of heparin from porcine intestinal mucosa, with antithrombotic properties. Tinzaparin is a potent inhibitor of several activated coagulation factors, especially Factors Xa and IIa (thrombin); its primary activity is mediated through the plasma protease inhibitor antithrombin. In addition, this agent may inhibit angiogenesis through: 1) competitive binding of the heparin-binding sites on endothelial cells for the proangiogenic cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and beta-fibroblast growth factor (beta-FGF) and 2) increasing the release of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), a negative regulator of angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enzyme Depolymerized Heparin (MW 6500)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inno-hep","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Innohep","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Innohep","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LNH-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Logiparin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TINZAPARIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tinzaparin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tinzaparin Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tinzaparin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tinzaparin Sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tinzaparin Sodium Injection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tinzaparin sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0354599"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9041-08-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Treatment of acute symptomatic deep venous thrombosis (DVT) with or without a pulmonary embolism (PE), in conjunction with warfarin."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3S182ET3UA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467737"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467737"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"(C14H18NO11)n.2(C12H15NO13S)n.3Na.3O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tinzaparin"}]}}{"C74001":{"preferredName":"Tiomolibdate Diammonium","code":"C74001","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of many types of cancer. Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate removes extra copper from the body. Removing the copper may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow and may kill cancer cells. Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate is a type of chelating agent and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An ammonium salt with potential antiangiogenic and antitumor activities. Tetrathiomolybdate has been found to deplete systemic copper reserves through an unknown mechanism. This agent has been shown to inhibit the activities of cuproenzymes, including superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and cytochrome c oxidase (COX), which may contribute to its antiangiogenic and antitumor effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATTM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ammonium Molybdenum Sulfide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ammonium Tetrathiomolybdate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coprexa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diammonium Tetrathiomolybdate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Molybdate(2-), Tetrathioxo-, Ammonium (1:2), (T-4)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Molybdate(2-), Tetrathioxo-, Diammonium, (T-4)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIOMOLIBDATE DIAMMONIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tiomolibdate Diammonium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ammonium tetrathiomolybdate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"714598"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"286644"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076339"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"15060-55-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4V6I63LW1E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467218"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467218"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"MoS4.2H4N"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ammonium_Tetrathiomolybdate"}]}}{"C88326":{"preferredName":"Tipapkinogene Sovacivec","code":"C88326","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a modified, replication-defective, vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) strain encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) subtypes E6 and E7, and human interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with tipapkinogene sovacivec stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HPV16 E6 and E7, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Expression of IL-2 augments the specific CTL response against HPV16 E6- and E7-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV16 E6/E7-encoding MVA Vaccine TG4001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-HPV-IL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-HPV16E6/E7-IL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R3484","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG3484","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5217790","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG 4001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-4001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG4001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tipapkinogene Sovacivec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tipapkinogene Sovacivec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413588"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661166"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661166"}]}}{"C1703":{"preferredName":"Tipifarnib","code":"C1703","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called farnesyltransferase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nonpeptidomimetic quinolinone with potential antineoplastic activity. Tipifarnib binds to and inhibits the enzyme farnesyl protein transferase, an enzyme involved in protein processing (farnesylation) for signal transduction. By inhibiting the farnesylation of proteins, this agent prevents the activation of Ras oncogenes, inhibits cell growth, induces apoptosis, and inhibits angiogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-6-[Amino(4-chlorophenyl)(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-2(1H)-quinolinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R115777","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"R115777","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIPIFARNIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tipifarnib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Tipifarnib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tipifarnib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zarnestra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Zarnestra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tipifarnib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"702818"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1176289"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"192185-72-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MAT637500A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42626"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42626"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H22Cl2N4O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tipifarnib"}]}}{"C102876":{"preferredName":"Tirabrutinib","code":"C102876","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available formulation containing an inhibitor of Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tirabrutinib covalently binds to BTK within B cells, thereby preventing B cell receptor signaling and impeding B cell development. As a result, this agent may inhibit the proliferation of B cell malignancies. BTK, a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase and member of the Tec family of kinases, plays an important role in B lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Amino-9-((3R)-1-(2-butynoyl)-3-pyrrolidinyl)-7-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7,9-dihydro-8H-purin-8-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8H-Purin-8-one,6-amino-7,9-dihydro-9-((3R)-1-(1-oxo-2-butyn-1-yl)-3-pyrrolidinyl)-7-(4-phenoxyphenyl)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-4059","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO-4059","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO4059","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIRABRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tirabrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tirabrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640989"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1351636-18-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LXG44NDL2T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738477"}]}}{"C131291":{"preferredName":"Tiragolumab","code":"C131291","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, tiragolumab binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like 5; NECL-5). This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells, and leads to CD226 dimerization and CD226-mediated signaling. This activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family and immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MTIG7192A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6058","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIRAGOLUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tiragolumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tiragolumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553988"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507941"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6XG22YQM2Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1464":{"preferredName":"Tirapazamine","code":"C1464","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that makes tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benzotriazine di-N-oxide with potential antineoplastic activity. Tirapazamine is selectively activated by multiple reductases to form free radicals in hypoxic cells, thereby inducing single-and double-strand breaks in DNA, base damage, and cell death. This agent also sensitizes hypoxic cells to ionizing radiation and inhibits the repair of radiation-induced DNA strand breaks via inhibition of topoisomerase II. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Amino-1,2,4-benzotriazine-1,4-dioxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR 4233","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR4233","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIRAPAZAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tirapazamine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tirapazamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tirazone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WIN 59075","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tirapazamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"130181"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0208407"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"27314-97-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1UD32YR59G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42158"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42158"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H6N4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tirapazamine"}]}}{"C102758":{"preferredName":"Tisagenlecleucel","code":"C102758","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a modified lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 scFv (single chain variable fragment) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), coupled to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, tisagenlecleucel directs the T-lymphocytes to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing a selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. The 4-1BB co-stimulatory molecule signaling domain enhances activation and signaling after recognition of CD19 and the inclusion of this signaling domain may increase the antitumor activity compared to the inclusion of the CD3-zeta chain alone. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. CD3-zeta (or CD247) is a transmembrane signaling adaptor polypeptide that regulates the assembly of complete TCR complexes and their expression on the cell surface.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CART-19","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CART19","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTL019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTL019 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kymriah","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TISAGENLECLEUCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tisagenlecleucel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tisagenlecleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tisagenlecleucel-T","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437013"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1823078-37-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that is refractory or in second or later relapse; relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and high grade B-cell lymphoma and DLBCL arising from follicular lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q6C9WHR03O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736184"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736184"}]}}{"C121775":{"preferredName":"Tislelizumab","code":"C121775","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tislelizumab binds to PD-1 and inhibits the binding of PD-1 to the PD-1 ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of both T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands; it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BGB-A317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TISLELIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tislelizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tislelizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053664"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1858168-59-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0KVO411B3N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770893"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770893"}]}}{"C113164":{"preferredName":"Tisotumab Vedotin","code":"C113164","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of tisotumab, a monoclonal antibody against human tissue factor (TF) covalently coupled, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antiangiogenic, anticoagulant and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of tisotumab vedotin, the tisotumab moiety binds to cell surface TF and is internalized. Tisotumab binds to factor VIIa (FVIIa), which interferes with the activation of factor X (FX) into FXa. This may prevent thrombin formation and cancer-associated venous thromboembolism, and may inhibit angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. After internalization of the agent, the MMAE moiety is released by proteolytic cleavage. It then binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. TF, a transmembrane protein and initiator of the coagulation cascade, is overexpressed in many tumor cells and tumor-resident endothelial cells. Expression of TF is correlated with metastasis, angiogenesis, tumor cell growth and tumor-associated thrombosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HuMax-TF-ADC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TISOTUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tisotumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tisotumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL455237"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1418731-10-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T41737F88A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755933"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755933"}]}}{"C62437":{"preferredName":"Tivantinib","code":"C62437","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of c-Met with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor ARQ 197 binds to the c-Met protein and disrupts c-Met signal transduction pathways, which may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein, the product of the proto-oncogene c-Met, is a receptor tyrosine kinase also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR); this protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3R,4R)-3-(5,6-Dihydro-4H-pyrrolo(3,2,1-ij)quinolin-1-yl)-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ 197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ-197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIVANTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tivantinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tivantinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor ARQ 197","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831873"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"905854-02-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PJ4H73IL17"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488957"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488957"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H19N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ARQ_197"}]}}{"C85444":{"preferredName":"Tivozanib","code":"C85444","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) 1, 2 and 3 with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Tivozanib binds to and inhibits VEGFRs 1, 2 and 3, which may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell migration and proliferation, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell death. VEGFR tyrosine kinases, frequently overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types, play a key role in angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AV-951","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIVOZANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tivozanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tivozanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urea, N-[2-chloro-4-[(6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolinyl)oxy]phenyl]-N'-(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827667"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"475108-18-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"172030934T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561728"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561728"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H19ClN4O5"}]}}{"C84217":{"preferredName":"Tocilizumab","code":"C84217","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) with immunosuppressant activity. Tocilizumab targets and binds to both the soluble form of IL-6R (sIL-6R) and the membrane-bound form (mIL-6R), thereby blocking the binding of IL-6 to its receptor. This prevents IL-6-mediated signaling. Il-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in the regulation of the immune response, is overproduced in autoimmune disorders and certain types of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Actemra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Interleukin 6 Receptor) (Human-Mouse Monoclonal MRA Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mouse Monoclonal MRA Kappa-Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-1569","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RoActemra","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOCILIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tocilizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tocilizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1609165"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"375823-41-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I031V2H011"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713832"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713832"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64360"}]}}{"C2571":{"preferredName":"Tocladesine","code":"C2571","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as an anticancer drug. It is an analogue of a substance that occurs naturally in the body (cyclic adenosine monophosphate).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antimetabolite and a chlorine derivative of the intracellular secondary messenger, cyclic adenosine 3,5-monophosphate (cAMP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Tocladesine appears to be converted to 8-chloro-adenosine by phosphodiesterases and subsequently phosphorylated to 8-chloro-ATP, which functions as a purine analogue and competes with ATP in transcription. In addition, generation of 8-chloro-ATP depletes endogenous ATP pool that is essential for many biological reactions in intracellular energy transfer. As a result, this agent causes RNA synthesis inhibition, blocks cellular proliferation, and induces apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"8-Chloro Cyclic AMP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-Chloroadenosine Cyclic 3':5'-Monophosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-Cl-cAMP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOCLADESINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tocladesine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Tocladesine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tocladesine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tocladesine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0050063"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"41941-56-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BQ94Z7E5OR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42670"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42670"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H11ClN5O6P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tocladesine"}]}}{"C68318":{"preferredName":"Tocotrienol","code":"C68318","definitions":[{"description":"Class of compounds having one to three methyl groups on a chromanol ring with a long unsaturated 12-carbon side chain with three methyl groups along the chain and two methyl groups at the end; may contribute to vitamin E activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"Any of the four forms, alpha, beta, gamma and delta, of a member of the vitamin E family, with potential hypocholesterolemic, antithrombotic, antioxidant, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Tocotrienol inhibits the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, thereby lowering cholesterol levels. In addition, tocotrienol acts through multiple signal transduction pathways to induce cell cycle arrest and caspase-mediated apoptosis, and to decrease tumor cell proliferation. In addition, this agent may inhibit angiogenesis through the blockage of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and the subsequent inhibition of tumor cell-induced vessel formation. Also, this agent prevents free radical formation and inhibits lipid peroxidation, thereby preventing DNA cell damage. Tocotrienol farnesyl isoprenoid side chains contain 3 double bonds, which are absent in tocopherols, likely contribute to its anti-cancer activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TOCOTRIENOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tocotrienol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Tocotrienol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0949647"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6829-55-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0867I0N41V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779794"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779794"},{"name":"Unit","value":"mg"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tocotrienol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:33235"}]}}{"C101518":{"preferredName":"Tocotrienol-rich Fraction","code":"C101518","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available nutritional supplement containing high amounts of the vitamin E family member tocotrienol with antioxidant, hypolipidemic and potential immunomodulating and antiproliferative activity. Upon oral administration, tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) accumulates in tumor cells and induces cell cycle arrest, programmed cell death, and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. In addition, this agent suppresses 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase activity and inhibits angiogenesis. Rice bran oil, palm oil and annatto seed oil are common sources of TRF.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tocotrienol-rich Fraction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435775"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730662"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730662"}]}}{"C153314":{"preferredName":"Toll-like Receptor 7 Agonist DSP-0509","code":"C153314","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, small molecule, toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, TLR7 agonist DSP-0509 activates TLR7, resulting in type I interferon secretion and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune responses. TLR7 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DSP 0509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DSP-0509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DSP0509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR7 Agonist DSP-0509","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toll-like Receptor 7 Agonist DSP-0509","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Toll-like Receptor 7 Agonist DSP-0509","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554427"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794076"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794076"}]}}{"C75293":{"preferredName":"Tolnidamine","code":"C75293","definitions":[{"description":"An indazole carboxylic acid derivative with antispermatogenic and potential antineoplastic activity. As a male contraceptive, tolnidamine may irreversibly inhibit sperm production. This agent is less nephrotoxic than ionidamide, but it is just as effective in antispermatogenic action to ionidamide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1b Indozadole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOLNIDAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tolnidamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"8415857"},{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17040103"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"283448"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076802"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50454-68-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z5M7SC6D5P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H13ClN2O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tolnidamine"}]}}{"C120554":{"preferredName":"Tomaralimab","code":"C120554","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against toll-like receptor type 2 (TLR2), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, tomaralimab binds to the ligand-binding site on the TLR2 receptor and blocks the activation of TLR2-mediated innate immunity signaling. This prevents the TLR2-mediated production of pro-inflammatory mediators and prevents inflammation. TLR2, a member of the TLR family primarily found on leukocytes, plays a key role in the activation of innate immunity; it is overexpressed in various inflammatory diseases and in certain types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TLR2 Monoclonal Antibody OPN-305","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OPN-305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOMARALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tomaralimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tomaralimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3712029"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1449294-76-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P45C2W27DU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769468"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769468"}]}}{"C88300":{"preferredName":"Tomato-Soy Juice","code":"C88300","definitions":[{"description":"A juice containing tomato extract and soy protein with potential chemopreventive and antiproliferative activities. Tomato-soy juice contains phytochemicals, including flavonoids, such as the soy isoflavone genistein, and carotenoids, including lycopene. These phytochemicals may exhibit antioxidative activity, antitumor activity by modulating certain tumor-associated signal transduction pathways, and apoptosis-inducing activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tomato-Soy Juice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413551"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659065"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659065"}]}}{"C125062":{"preferredName":"Tomivosertib","code":"C125062","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (MNK1) and 2 (MNK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tomivosertib binds to and inhibits the activity of MNK1 and 2. This prevents MNK1/2-mediated signaling, and inhibits the phosphorylation of certain regulatory proteins, including eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), that regulate the translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) involved in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, survival and immune signaling. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation in MNK1/2-overexpressing tumor cells. MNK1/2 are overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and promote phosphorylation of eIF4E; eIF4E is overexpressed in many tumor cell types and contributes to tumor development, maintenance and resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EFT-508","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spiro(cyclohexane-1,3'(2'H)-imidazo(1,5-a)pyridine)-1',5'-dione, 6'-((6-Amino-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)-8'-methyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOMIVOSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tomivosertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tomivosertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"eFT508","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503903"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1849590-01-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U2H19X4WBV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777456"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777456"}]}}{"C78477":{"preferredName":"Topical Betulinic Acid","code":"C78477","definitions":[{"description":"A topical formulation of a pentacyclic lupane-type triterpene derivative of betulin (isolated from the bark of Betula alba, the common white birch) with antiinflammatory, anti-HIV and antineoplastic activities. Betulinic acid induces apoptosis through induction of changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, production of reactive oxygen species, and opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, resulting in the release of mitochondrial factors involved in apoptosis, activation of caspases, and DNA fragmentation. Although originally thought to exhibit specific cytotoxicity against melanoma cells, this agent has been found to be cytotoxic against non-melanoma tumor cell types including neuroectodermal and brain tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Topical ALS-357","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topical Betulinic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387585"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600544"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600544"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Topical_Betulinic_Acid"}]}}{"C148519":{"preferredName":"Topical Celecoxib","code":"C148519","definitions":[{"description":"A topical cream formulation containing celecoxib, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), with anti-inflammatory and potential keratolytic, chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Upon topical application to the affected area, celecoxib selectively binds to and inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 activity (COX-2), which may result in localized keratinocyte apoptosis. The breakdown of keratinocytes prevents their proliferation locally and may reduce tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Celecoxib Cream","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Celecoxib Topical","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DFD-07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DFD07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topical Celecoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551149"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792678"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792678"}]}}{"C125194":{"preferredName":"Topical Fluorouracil","code":"C125194","definitions":[{"description":": A topical formulation containing the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), with antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration, 5-FU is converted into the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate (F-UMP), which competes with uracil during RNA synthesis and inhibits RNA processing. Conversion of 5-FU into another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate (F-dUMP), inhibits thymidylate synthase; this results in the depletion of thymidine triphosphate (TTP), one of the four nucleotide triphosphates used in DNA synthesis, and thus inhibits DNA synthesis. Altogether, this prevents the proliferation of tumor cells locally.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Actino-Hermal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arumel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Arumel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytosafe","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Efudex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Efudex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Efurix","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fiverocil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluoroplex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fluoroplex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flurox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Timazin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Timazin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tolak","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topical Fluorouracil","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topical Fluorouracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0720488"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C74085":{"preferredName":"Topical Gemcitabine Hydrochloride","code":"C74085","definitions":[{"description":"A topical preparation of gemcitabine hydrochloride with antineoplastic activity. Gemcitabine, an analogue of the antimetabolite nucleoside deoxycytidine, is converted intracellularly to the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and triphosphate (dFdCDP, dFdCTP). dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting in DNA strand termination and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Topical Gemcitabine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383495"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587041"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587041"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Topical_Gemcitabine_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C151946":{"preferredName":"Topical Potassium Dobesilate","code":"C151946","definitions":[{"description":"A topical formulation composed of an inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor (FGF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration potassium dobesilate selectively binds to and blocks the activity of FGF, interferes with the binding of FGF to FGFR and prevents FGFR-mediated signaling. This inhibits angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and induces cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGF plays a key role in angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation, survival and invasiveness, and is upregulated in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AM-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topical Potassium Dobesilate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553174"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793156"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793156"}]}}{"C125002":{"preferredName":"Topical Trichloroacetic Acid","code":"C125002","definitions":[{"description":"A topical solution containing the caustic agent trichloroacetic acid (TCA), with potential keratolytic, anti-viral and antineoplastic activities. Upon topical application to the affected area, TCA causes tissue necrosis through coagulation of proteins, leads to the destruction of human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated warts and inhibits HPV-driven proliferation of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Topical TCA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topical Trichloroacetic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503848"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777303"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777303"}]}}{"C75124":{"preferredName":"Topixantrone","code":"C75124","definitions":[{"description":"A 9-aza-anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic. Topixantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. Compared to other DNA intercalators, this agent shows minimal cardiotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BBR 3576","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indazolo(4,3-gh)isoquinolin-6(2H)-one, 5-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)amino)-2-(2-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)ethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOPIXANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Topixantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1528075"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"156090-18-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R40RXC296C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H26N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Topixantrone"}]}}{"C84851":{"preferredName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor Genz-644282","code":"C84851","definitions":[{"description":"A non-camptothecin inhibitor of topoisomerase I with potential antineoplastic activity. Topoisomerase I inhibitor Genz-644282 binds to and inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase I, which may result in the inhibition of repair of single-strand DNA breaks, DNA replication, and tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genz-644282","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor Genz-644282","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor Genz-644282","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827528"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651243"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651243"}]}}{"C90594":{"preferredName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor LMP400","code":"C90594","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks certain enzymes that break and rejoin DNA strands. These enzymes are needed for cells to divide and grow. Blocking them may cause cancer cells to die. LMP400 also helps anticancer drugs kill cancers that are resistant to some other drugs. LMP400 is a type of indenoisoquinoline and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An indenoisoquinoline and non-camptothecin inhibitor of topoisomerase I (Top I) with potential antineoplastic activity. Topoisomerase I inhibitor LMP400 binds to the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent cleavage complexes, and inhibits repair of single-strand DNA breaks, DNA replication, and tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cell populations. Compared to camptothecins, indenoisoquinolines are chemically stable, produce stable Top I-DNA cleavage complexes, induce unique DNA cleavage sites and appear more resistant to multidrug efflux pumps.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LMP400","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LMP400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor LMP400","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor LMP400","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413610"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663024"}]}}{"C90595":{"preferredName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor LMP776","code":"C90595","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks certain enzymes that break and rejoin DNA strands. These enzymes are needed for cells to divide and grow. Blocking them may cause cancer cells to die. LMP776 also helps anticancer drugs kill cancers that are resistant to some other drugs. LMP776 is a type of indenoisoquinoline and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An indenoisoquinoline and non-camptothecin inhibitor of topoisomerase I (Top I) with potential antineoplastic activity. Topoisomerase I inhibitor LMP776 binds to the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent cleavage complexes, and inhibits repair of single-strand DNA breaks, DNA replication, and tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cell populations. Compared to camptothecins, indenoisoquinolines are chemically stable, produce stable Top I-DNA cleavage complexes, induce unique DNA cleavage sites and appear more resistant to multidrug efflux pumps.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LMP776","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LMP776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor LMP776","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor LMP776","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413611"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663025"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663025"}]}}{"C128557":{"preferredName":"Topoisomerase I/II Inhibitor NEV-801","code":"C128557","definitions":[{"description":"A multi-targeted agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, NEV-801 appears to selectively inhibit topoisomerase (Topo) I and II, and activates hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) transcription and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA. NEV-801 is also able to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) 1-mediated resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NEV-801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEV801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TopI/II NEV-801","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I/II Inhibitor NEV-801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I/II Inhibitor NEV-801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507943"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782337"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782337"}]}}{"C127900":{"preferredName":"Topoisomerase-1 Inhibitor LMP744","code":"C127900","definitions":[{"description":"An indenoisoquinoline derivative and topoisomerase 1 (Top1) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, LMP744 binds to and stabilizes cleaved DNA-Top1 complexes, which prevents DNA re-ligation, induces stable, irreversible DNA strand breaks, prevents DNA repair, and leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. As tumor cells proliferate at a much higher rate than normal cells, LMP744 specifically targets cancer cells. Top1, a DNA modifying enzyme essential for transcription, replication, and repair of double-strand DNA breaks, is overexpressed in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5H-(1,3)Dioxolo(5,6)indeno(1,2-C)isoquinoline-5,12(6H)-dione, 6-(3-((2-Hydroxyethyl)amino)propyl)-2,3-dimethoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indenoisoquinoline LMP744","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMP-744","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LMP-744","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMP744","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase-1 Inhibitor LMP744","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase-1 Inhibitor LMP744","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509262"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"308246-52-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"29BY7HQV0T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787756"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787756"}]}}{"C2825":{"preferredName":"Topoisomerase-II Inhibitor Racemic XK469","code":"C2825","definitions":[{"description":"The racemic form of a synthetic quinoxaline phenoxypropionic acid derivative with antineoplastic properties. XK469R selectively inhibits topoisomerase II by stabilizing the enzyme-DNA intermediates in which topoisomerase subunits are covalently linked to DNA through 5-phosphotyrosyl linkages, thereby interfering with DNA repair and replication, RNA and protein synthesis. This agent possesses unusual solid tumor selectivity and activity against multidrug-resistant cancer cells. XK469R is more water soluble and active than the pure isomers, R(+)XK469 and S(-)XK469. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Propanoic acid, 2-[4-[(7-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)oxy]-phenoxy]-, (+ /-)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase-II Inhibitor Racemic XK469","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XK469 Racemic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XK469R","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"698215"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1611867"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"157542-91-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"440966"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"440966"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"XK469R"}]}}{"C2662":{"preferredName":"Topoisomerase-II-beta Inhibitor Racemic XK469","code":"C2662","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of leukemia. It belongs to the family of drugs called topoisomerase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The R-isomer of a synthetic quinoxaline phenoxypropionic acid derivative with proapoptotic and antiproliferative activities. R(+)XK469 selectively inhibits topoisomerase II-beta, blocks activation of MEK/MAPK signaling kinases, stimulates caspases, and upregulates p53-dependent proteins, including cyclins A and B1, thereby arresting cancer cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Both R(+) and S(-) isomers of this agent are cytotoxic, although the R-isomer is more potent. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-{4-[(7-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)oxy]phenoxy}propionic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanoic acid, 2-[4-[(7-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)oxy]phenoxy]-, (+ )-(R)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R(+)XK469","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase-II-beta Inhibitor Racemic XK469","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XK469","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"698215"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0765292"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38517"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38517"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"XK469"}]}}{"C1413":{"preferredName":"Topotecan","code":"C1413","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of ovarian cancer, lung cancer, and cervical cancer. Topotecan is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminata. Topotecan inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S phase of cell cycle, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(s)-10-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-4-ethyl-4,9-dihydroxy-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]-quinoline-3,14(4H,12H)-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-10-hydroxy-(20S)-camptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hycamptamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOPOTECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Topotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Topotecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topotecan Lactone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"topotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"641007"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0146224"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123948-87-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7M7YKX2N15"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H23N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Topotecan"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63632"}]}}{"C2828":{"preferredName":"Topotecan Hydrochloride","code":"C2828","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of ovarian cancer, lung cancer, and cervical cancer. Hycamtin is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin with antineoplastic activity. During the S phase of the cell cycle, topotecan selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when complexes are encountered by the DNA replication machinery. Camptothecin is a cytotoxic quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminata.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-10-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-4-ethyl-4,9-dihydroxy-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7] indolizino[1,2-b] quinoline-3,14-(4H,12H)-dione Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hycamptamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hycamtin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hycamtin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hycamtin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKF S-104864-A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOPOTECAN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Topotecan HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topotecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topotecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topotecan hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"topotecan hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"topotecan hydrochloride (oral)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"609699"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0886549"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"119413-54-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Small Cell Lung Carcinoma; Cervical Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"956S425ZCY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41185"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41185"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H23N3O5.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Topotecan_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C80065":{"preferredName":"Topotecan Hydrochloride Liposomes","code":"C80065","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin mixed with sphingomyelin/cholesterol and sonicated to form small unilamellar vesicles containing topotecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Topotecan hydrochloride liposomes mediates efficient drug delivery of topotecan into the cytosol from the endosome compartment. During the S phase of the cell cycle, topotecan selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when complexes are encountered by the DNA replication machinery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brakiva","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topotecan Hydrochloride Liposomes","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topotecan Hydrochloride Liposomes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388400"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617377"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617377"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Topotecan_Hydrochloride_Liposomes"}]}}{"C64779":{"preferredName":"Topsalysin","code":"C64779","definitions":[{"description":"A targeted prodrug consisting of a recombinant modified form of the Aeromonas protoxin, proaerolysin (PA), bearing a prostate-specific protease cleavage site, with potential antineoplastic activity. When injected directly into the prostate, topsalysin is hydrolyzed to the active toxin aerolysin by the serine protease prostate specific antigen (PSA), a protein overexpressed by prostate cancers and prostate cells in hyperplastic prostatic tissue. Aerolysin molecules then oligomerize to form ring-like heptamers that are incorporated into the lipid bilayers of cell membranes, forming large membrane channels and resulting in the leakage of cellular contents and lysis of PSA-expressing prostate cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PORxin 302","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRX 302","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSA-PAH1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pore-forming Protein (Synthetic Proaerolysin) Fusion Protein with Prostate-specific Antigen (Human)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOPSALYSIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Topsalysin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831975"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"917121-25-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LSA9D0A43Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"517173"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"517173"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PRX302"}]}}{"C1256":{"preferredName":"Toremifene","code":"C1256","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antiestrogens. Toremifene blocks the effect of the hormone estrogen in the body. It may help control some cancers from growing, and it may delay or reduce the risk of cancer recurrence.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nonsteroidal triphenylethylene antiestrogen. Chemically related to tamoxifen, toremifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). This agent binds competitively to estrogen receptors, thereby interfering with estrogen activity. Toremifene also has intrinsic estrogenic properties, which are manifested according to tissue type or species. 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Chemically related to tamoxifen, toremifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). This agent binds competitively to estrogen receptors, thereby interfering with estrogen activity. Toremifene also has intrinsic estrogenic properties, which is manifested depending on the tissue or species. 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Upon administration, toripalimab binds to PD-1 and inhibits the binding of PD-1 to its ligands, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of both T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the Ig superfamily that is expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands; it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody JS001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JS001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAB 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAB-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TORIPALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Toripalimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Toripalimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514245"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1924598-82-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8JXN261VVA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785704"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785704"}]}}{"C70650":{"preferredName":"Tosedostat","code":"C70650","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary orally bioavailable inhibitor of the M1 family of aminopeptidases with potential antineoplastic activity. Aminopeptidase inhibitor CHR-2797 is converted intracellularly into a poorly membrane-permeable active metabolite (CHR-79888) which inhibits the M1 family of aminopeptidases, particularly puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase (PuSA), and leukotriene A4 (LTA4) hydrolase; inhibition of these aminopeptidases in tumor cells may result in amino acid deprivation, inhibition of protein synthesis due to a decrease in the intracellular free amino acid pool, an increase in the level of the proapoptotic protein Noxa, and cell death. Noxa is a member of the BH3 (Bcl-2 homology 3)-only subgroup of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2) protein family.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aminopeptidase inhibitor CHR-2797","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHR-2797","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclopentyl (2S)-2-{(2R)-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4- methylpentanamido}-2-phenylacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOSEDOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tosedostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tosedostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2606804"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"238750-77-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KZK563J2UW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570670"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570670"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H30N2O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Aminopeptidase_Inhibitor_CHR-2797"}]}}{"C2543":{"preferredName":"Tositumomab","code":"C2543","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is used in the treatment of certain types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. When tositumomab and iodine I 131 tositumomab (a form of tositumomab that has been chemically changed by adding radioactive iodine) are given together, the combination is called the Bexxar regimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A murine IgG2 monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, found on the surface of B-cells. Tositumomab binds to the CD20 surface membrane antigen, resulting in apoptosis, and may stimulate antitumoral cell-mediated and/or antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. 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Tovetumab inhibits activation of the cell-surface tyrosine kinase PDGFR alpha subunit and subsequent triggering of mitogenic signaling pathways, including the JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt, and MAP kinase pathways. PDGFR alpha acts as a mitogenic signaling receptor for cells of mesenchymal origin and inhibition of receptor activity may inhibit tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PDGFR Alpha Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-575","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-575","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-575","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOVETUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tovetumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830210"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2XY62K75UV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633312"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633312"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-PDGFR_Alpha_Monoclonal_Antibody_MEDI-575"}]}}{"C61319":{"preferredName":"Tozasertib Lactate","code":"C61319","definitions":[{"description":"The lactate salt of tozasertib, a synthetic, small-molecule Aurora kinase inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. Tozasertib binds to and inhibits Aurora kinases (AKs), thereby inducing apoptosis in tumor cells in which AKs are overexpressed. AKs, a family of serine-threonine kinases, are essential for mitotic progression, spindle formation, centrosome maturation, chromosomal segregation, and cytokinesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor MK-0457","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-001281814","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-0457","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, (2S)-, compd. with N-(4-((4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-6-((5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)-2-pyrimidinyl)thio)phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOZASERTIB LACTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tozasertib Lactate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tozasertib Lactate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX-680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1451033"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"899827-04-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CN8EF9N084"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485305"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485305"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H28N8OS.C3H6O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MK-0457"}]}}{"C1691":{"preferredName":"Trabectedin","code":"C1691","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that comes from a type of sea squirt and is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It binds to DNA and causes breaks in the DNA. It also blocks the ability of the cell to repair the DNA damage, and may cause cancer cells to die. Trabectedin is also made in the laboratory. It is a type of DNA excision repair inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the marine tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinata with potential antineoplastic activity. Binding to the minor groove of DNA, trabectedin interferes with the transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair machinery to induce lethal DNA strand breaks and blocks the cell cycle in the G2 phase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ET-743","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ET-743","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ecteinascidin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ecteinascidin 743","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ecteinascidin 743","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spiro(6,16-(epithiopropanoxymethano)-7,13-imino-12H-1,3-dioxolo(7,8)isoquino(3,2,-b)(3)benzazocine-20,1'(2'H)-isoquinolin)-19-one, 3',4',6,6a,7,13,14,16-Octahydro-5-(acetyloxy)-6',8,14-trihydroxy-7',9-dimethoxy-4,10,23-trimethyl-, (6R-(6-alpha,6a-beta,7-beta,13-beta,14-beta,16-alpha,20R*))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRABECTEDIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trabectedin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trabectedin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yondelis","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yondelis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ecteinascidin 743","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"trabectedin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"648766"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1311070"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"114899-77-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"unresectable or metastatic liposarcoma or leiomyosarcoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ID0YZQ2TCP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42577"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42577"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C39H43N3O11S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ecteinascidin_743"}]}}{"C80066":{"preferredName":"Trabedersen","code":"C80066","definitions":[{"description":"A transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta2 specific phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide with the sequence 5'-CGGCATGTCTATTTTGTA-3', with potential antineoplastic activity. Trebedersen binds to TGF-beta2 mRNA causing inhibition of protein translation, thereby decreasing TGF-beta2 protein levels; decreasing intratumoral TGF-beta2 levels may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth and migration, and tumor angiogenesis. TGF-beta2, a cytokine often over-expressed in various malignancies, may play an important role in promoting the growth, progression, and migration of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP 12009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRABEDERSEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trabedersen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trabedersen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699985"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"925681-61-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"98OYR854NY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617455"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617455"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Trabedersen"}]}}{"C77908":{"preferredName":"Trametinib","code":"C77908","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK MAPK/ERK kinase) with potential antineoplastic activity. Trametinib specifically binds to and inhibits MEK 1 and 2, resulting in an inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and cellular proliferation in various cancers. MEK 1 and 2, dual specificity threonine/tyrosine kinases often upregulated in various cancer cell types, play a key role in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK1120212","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JTP-74057","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor GSK1120212","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mekinist","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-{3-cyclopropyl-5-[(2-fluoro-4-iodophenyl)amino]-6,8-dimethyl-2,4,7-trioxo-3,4,6,7-tetrahydropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidin-1(2H)-yl}phenyl)acetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trametinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trametinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2697961"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"871700-17-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with BRAF V600E mutation; unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E or V600K mutations"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"33E86K87QN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599034"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599034"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H23FIN5O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MEK_Inhibitor_GSK1120212"}]}}{"C152711":{"preferredName":"Trametinib Dimethyl Sulfoxide","code":"C152711","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRAMETINIB DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trametinib Dimethyl Sulfoxide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trametinib Dimethyl Sulfoxide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553915"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BSB9VJ5TUT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C82695":{"preferredName":"Trans Sodium Crocetinate","code":"C82695","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of the trans-isomer of the carotenoid crocetin with potential antihypoxic and radiosensitizing activities. Trans sodium crocetinate (TSC) increases the diffusion rate of oxygen in aqueous solutions such as from plasma to body tissue. The agent has been shown to increase available oxygen during hypoxic and ischemic conditions that may occur in hemorrhage, vascular and neurological disorders, and in the tumor microenvionment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4,6,8,10,12,14-Hexadecaheptaenedioic Acid, 2,6,11,15-Tetramethyl-, Sodium Salt (1:2), (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRANSCROCETINATE SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TSC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trans Sodium Crocetinate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trans Sodium Crocetinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1453926"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"591230-99-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YP57637WMX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"634790"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"634790"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Trans_Sodium_Crocetinate"}]}}{"C120308":{"preferredName":"Transdermal 17beta-Estradiol Gel BHR-200","code":"C120308","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, transdermal, hydroalcoholic gel formulation containing 17beta-estradiol, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration, 17beta-estradiol exerts its antineoplastic effect(s) through as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism(s) of action(s). This formulation may induce feedback inhibition via the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis feedback loop, block the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and prevent the release of testosterone from Leydig cells in the testes, thus suppressing testosterone secretion. In addition, 17beta-estradiol inhibits enzymes involved in steroidogenesis, thereby further inhibiting androgen production. Since testosterone is required to sustain prostate growth, reducing testosterone levels may inhibit hormone-dependent prostate cancer cell proliferation. In addition, 17beta-estradiol prevents bone loss, and suppresses andropause symptoms, such as hot flashes, which appear during androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) where the standard of care is the use of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs. Compared to oral estrogens, the topical gel formulation lowers the risk of cardiovascular side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BHR-200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transdermal 17beta-Estradiol Gel BHR-200","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896903"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768720"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768720"}]}}{"C114103":{"preferredName":"Transdermal 4-Hydroxytestosterone","code":"C114103","definitions":[{"description":"A transdermal formulation containing 4-hydroxytestosterone (4-OHT), a steroidal aromatase inhibitor (AI) and androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. 4-OHT is largely converted into 4-hydroxyandrostenedione (4-OHA) and irreversibly binds to and inhibits aromatase, thereby blocking the conversion of androstenedione to estrone, and testosterone to estradiol. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in estrogen-dependent tumor cells. In addition, 4-OHT binds to the AR and may inhibit AR-mediated tumor cell growth. Aromatase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells; it plays a key role in estrogen biosynthesis. Compared to oral 4-OHT, the transdermal formulation allows for continuous release of 4-OHT into the bloodstream and prevents first pass metabolism by the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Transdermal 4-Hydroxytestosterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transdermal 4-OHT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transdermal CR1447","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471813"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758421"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758421"}]}}{"C78450":{"preferredName":"Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Anti-RRM2 siRNA CALAA-01","code":"C78450","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary transferrin receptor-targeted nanoparticle preparation of a non-chemically modified small-interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against the M2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (RRM2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, transferrin receptor-targeted anti-RRM2 siRNA CALAA-01 binds to transferrin receptors (TfRs), releasing anti-RRM2 siRNA after endocytosis; anti-RRM2 siRNA silences the expression of RRM2 via the RNAi pathway, impeding the assembly of the holoenzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RR) which catalyzes the production of deoxyribonucleotides. As a result, inhibition of cellular proliferation may occur in cells expressing TfR, a cell surface protein overexpressed on various cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CALAA-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Anti-RRM2 siRNA CALAA-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Anti-RRM2 siRNA CALAA-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703116"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599463"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599463"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Transferrin_Receptor-Targeted_Nanocomplexed_Anti-R2_siRNA_CALAA-01"}]}}{"C29474":{"preferredName":"Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Liposomal p53 cDNA","code":"C29474","definitions":[{"description":"A cationic liposomal, tumor-targeting p53 (TP53) gene delivery system with potential anti-tumor activity. Transferrin receptor-targeted liposomal p53 cDNA contains plasmid DNA encoding the tumor suppressor protein p53 packaged in membrane-like liposome capsules that are complexed with anti-transferrin receptor single-chain antibody (TfRscFv). Upon systemic administration, the anti-TfRscFv selectively binds to tumor cells expressing transferrin receptors. The p53 plasmid is delivered into the nucleus and as a result, p53 protein is produced in tumor cells that have altered p53 function. This results in the restoration of normal cell growth control mechanisms as well as normal response mechanisms to DNA damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SGT-53","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synerlip p53","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Liposomal p53 cDNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"709399"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL319865"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551892"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551892"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Synerlip_p53"}]}}{"C26676":{"preferredName":"Transferrin-CRM107 ","code":"C26676","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of brain tumors. Transferrin-CRM107 is made by linking a diphtheria toxin to transferrin, a protein that binds to fast growing cells, such as tumor cells. The diphtheria toxin then kills the tumor cells. Transferrin-CRM107 is a type of immunotoxin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic targeted protein toxin which consists of human transferrin (Tf) conjugated to a diphtheria toxin that contains a point mutation (CRM107). After binding to the transferrin receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, transferrin-CRM107 is internalized, where the diphtheria toxin moiety exerts its cytotoxic effect intracellularly by inhibiting protein synthesis through ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HN-66000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transferrin-CRM107 ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"transferrin-CRM107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0912205"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269064"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269064"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Transferrin-CRM107"}]}}{"C61980":{"preferredName":"Tranylcypromine Sulfate","code":"C61980","definitions":[{"description":"The sulfate salt form of tranylcypromine, an orally bioavailable, nonselective, irreversible, non-hydrazine inhibitor of both monoamine oxidase (MAO) and lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/BHC110), with antidepressant and anxiolytic activities, and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, tranylcypromine exerts its antidepressant and anxiolytic effects through the inhibition of MAO, an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine. This increases the concentrations and activity of these neurotransmitters. Tranylcypromine exerts its antineoplastic effect through the inhibition of LSD1. Inhibition of LSD1 prevents the transcription of LSD1 target genes. LSD1, a flavin-dependent monoamine oxidoreductase and a histone demethylase, is upregulated in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+-)-Trans-2-Phenylcyclopropylamine Sulfate (2:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Amino-2-phenylcyclopropane Sulfate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parnate","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRANYLCYPROMINE SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tranylcypromine Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0304369"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"13492-01-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7ZAT6ES870"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765903"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765903"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C9H11N.H2SO4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tranylcypromine_Sulfate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9653"}]}}{"C1665":{"preferredName":"Trapoxin","code":"C1665","definitions":[{"description":"An epoxide-containing cyclotetrapeptide with antitumor activity. It is an irreversible inhibitor of histone deacetylase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cyclo((S)-gamma-oxo-L-alpha-aminooxiraneoctanoyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-2-piperidinecarbonyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclo((S)-phenylalanyl-(S)-phenylalanyl-(R)-pipecolinyl-(2S,9S)-2-amino-8-oxo-9,10-epoxydecanoyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclo(L-phenylalanyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-pipecolinyl-L-2-amino-8-oxo -9,10-epoxy - decanoyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trapoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trapoxin A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Trapoxin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0084839"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"133155-89-2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Trapoxin"}]}}{"C1647":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab","code":"C1647","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that binds to HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), and can kill HER2-positive cancer cells. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Trastuzumab is used to treat breast cancer that is HER2-positive and has spread after treatment with other drugs. It is also used with other anticancer drugs to treat HER2-positive breast cancer after surgery. Trastuzumab is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). After binding to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, trastuzumab induces an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2 is overexpressed by many adenocarcinomas, particularly breast adenocarcinomas. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABP 980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALT02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ERB-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/c-erbB2 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-ERB-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-erbB2 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-erbB-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-erbB2 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-p185-HER2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herceptin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Herceptin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herceptin Biosimilar PF-05280014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herceptin Trastuzumab Biosimilar PF-05280014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herzuma","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G 1 (Human-Mouse Monoclonal RhuMab HER2gamma1-Chain Antihuman p185(Sup c-erbB2) Receptor), Disulfide with Human-Mouse Monoclonal RhuMab HER2 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb HER2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HER2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody c-erb-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ogivri","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ontruzant","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-05280014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO0452317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRASTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Biosimilar ABP 980","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Biosimilar ALT02","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Biosimilar HLX02","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Biosimilar PF-05280014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Biosimilar SB3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-DTTB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-QYYP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-dkst","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-pkrb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trazimera","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-erb-2 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhuMAb HER2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"trastuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"trastuzumab biosimilar EG12014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"688097"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0728747"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"180288-69-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer overexpressing HER2 protein; Pancreatic cancer overexpressing p185HER2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P188ANX8CK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42265"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42265"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Trastuzumab"}]}}{"C148165":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab Conjugate BI-CON-02","code":"C148165","definitions":[{"description":"A conjugated form of trastuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the trastuzumab conjugate BI-CON-02 targets and binds to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, thereby inducing both cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI-CON-02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Conjugate BI-CON-02","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550783"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792543"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792543"}]}}{"C118674":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab Duocarmazine","code":"C118674","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of the recombinant humanized anti-epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody trastuzumab linked, via a cleavable linker, to the duocarmycin prodrug, seco-duocarmycin-hydroxybenzamide-azaindole (seco-DUBA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab duocarmazine, the trastuzumab moiety binds to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, which triggers the endocytosis of this agent. The linker is then cleaved inside the tumor cell by proteases at the dipeptide valine-citrulline (vc), and releases the active moiety, duocarmycin. Duocarmycin binds to the minor groove of DNA, alkylates adenine at the N3 position, and induces cell death. In addition, trastuzumab induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2 is overexpressed by many carcinomas and is associated with a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SYD985","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SYD985","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYD985","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRASTUZUMAB DUOCARMAZINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Duocarmazine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Duocarmazine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab VC-seco-DUBA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-drug Conjugate SYD985","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vic-Trastuzumab Duocarmazine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896762"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1642152-40-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XCR2BZ80N7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766012"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766012"}]}}{"C82492":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab Emtansine","code":"C82492","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of the recombinant anti-epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody trastuzumab conjugated to the maytansinoid DM1 via a nonreducible thioether linkage (MCC) with potential antineoplastic activity. The trastuzumab moiety of this ADC binds to HER2 on tumor cell surfaces; upon internalization, the DM1 moiety is released and binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics and inhibiting cell division and the proliferation of cancer cells that overexpress HER2. Linkage of antibody and drug through a nonreducible linker has been reported to contribute to the improved efficacy and reduced toxicity of this ADC compared to similar ADCs constructed with reducible linkers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADO-TRASTUZUMAB EMTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ADO-Trastuzumab Emtansine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ado Trastuzumab Emtansine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human p185neu Receptor) (Human-Mouse Monoclonal RhuMab HER2 Gamma1-Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mouse Monoclonal RhuMab HER2 Light Chain, Dimer, Tetraamide with N2'-(3-((1-((4-carboxycyclohexyl)methyl)-2,5-dioxo-3-pyrrolidinyl)thio)-1-oxopropyl)-N2'-deacetylMaytansine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kadcyla","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRO132365","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5304020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-DM1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Emtansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Emtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-DM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-MCC-DM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-MCC-DM1 Antibody-Drug Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-MCC-DM1 Immunoconjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2935436"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1018448-65-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"HER2-positive, metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SE2KH7T06F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564399"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564399"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C47H63ClN5O13S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Trastuzumab-MCC-DM1_Conjugate"}]}}{"C158060":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab/Hyaluronidase-oysk","code":"C158060","definitions":[{"description":"A ready-to-use combination of trastuzumab, a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2), and hyaluronidase-oysk, a recombinant human hyaluronidase PH20 (rHuPH20), that may be used for the treatment of HER2-overexpressing breast cancers. Upon subcutaneous administration, hyaluronidase-oysk temporarily breaks down the hyaluronan barrier, which decreases viscosity of, and allows trastuzumab to spread rapidly through the interstitial space. This improves access to lymphatic and capillary vessels and facilitates the absorption of trastuzumab into the bloodstream. Trastuzumab binds to the extracellular ligand-binding domain of HER2 and mediates the activation of an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2 is overexpressed in many adenocarcinomas, particularly breast adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Herceptin Hylecta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab and Hyaluronidase-oysk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab and Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase PH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab and rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-Hyaluronidase-oysk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab/Hyaluronidase-oysk","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937577"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"HER2 overexpressing breast cancer"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797111"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797111"}]}}{"C139800":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab/Tesirine Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-502","code":"C139800","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an engineered version of the humanized monoclonal anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) trastuzumab that is site-specifically conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic, DNA cross-linking pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer-based drug tesirine, which targets DNA minor grooves, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the trastuzumab moiety of trastuzumab/tesirine ADC ADCT-502 targets the cell surface antigen HER2, which is expressed on various cancer cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization of the ADC and cleavage of the linker, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. The imine groups of tesirine bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces interstrand cross-links in the minor groove of DNA, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death and inhibits the proliferation of HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. The tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HER2 is expressed by various solid tumors and is associated with a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ADCT-502","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT 502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT-502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/PBD ADC ADCT 502","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab/Tesirine Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-502","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab/Tesirine Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-502","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537974"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C91711":{"preferredName":"Trebananib","code":"C91711","definitions":[{"description":"An angiopoietin (Ang) 1 and 2 neutralizing peptibody, with potential antiangiogenic activity. AMG 386 targets and binds to Ang1 and Ang2, thereby preventing the interaction of the angiopoietins with their target tie2 receptors. This may inhibit angiogenesis and may eventually lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 386","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG386","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiopoietin 1/2-Neutralizing Peptibody AMG 386","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TREBANANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trebananib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trebananib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541521"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"894356-79-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X8Y5U6NC7E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"423474"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"423474"}]}}{"C49085":{"preferredName":"Tremelimumab","code":"C49085","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of melanoma and some other types of cancer. Ticilimumab is made in the laboratory and binds to a protein called CTLA-4 on T cells (a type of white blood cell). CTLA-4 is involved in preventing the activation of T-cells. Ticilimumab may block CTLA-4 and help the immune system kill cancer cells. It is a type of immunomodulatory agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A human IgG2 monoclonal antibody directed against the T-cell receptor protein cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4). Tremelimumab binds to CTLA4 and blocks the binding of the antigen-presenting cell ligands B7-1 and B7-2 to CTLA4, resulting in inhibition of B7-CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation; subsequently, B7-1 or B7-2 may interact with another T-cell surface receptor protein, CD28, resulting in a B7-CD28-mediated T-cell activation unopposed by B7-CTLA4-mediated inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA4 Human Monoclonal Antibody CP-675,206","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-675","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-675,206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-675206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G2, Anti-(Human CTLA-4 (Antigen)) (Human Monoclonal CP-675206 Clone 11.2.1 Heavy Chain) Disulfide with Human Monoclonal CP-675206 Clone 11.2.1 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TREMELIMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ticilimumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tremelimumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tremelimumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ticilimumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2351038"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"745013-59-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QEN1X95CIX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"448620"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"448620"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CTLA4_Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_CP-675_206"}]}}{"C1257":{"preferredName":"Treosulfan","code":"C1257","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The prodrug of a bifunctional sulfonate alkylating agent with myeloablative, immunosuppressive, and antineoplastic activities. Under physiological conditions, treosulfan converts nonenzymatically to L-diepoxybutane via a monoepoxide intermediate. The monoepoxide intermediate and L-diepoxybutane alkylate DNA at guanine residues and produce DNA interstrand crosslinks, resulting in DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. In escalated doses, this agent also exhibits myeloablative and immunosuppressive activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S-(R*,R*))-1,2,3,4-butanetetrol,1,4-dimethanesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,2,3, 4-Butanetetrol, 1,4-dimethanesulfonate, [R-(R*,S*)]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dihydroxybusulfan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dihydroxybusulfan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Threitol 1,4-dimethanesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovastat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TREOSULFAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Treosulfan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Treosulfan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Treosulfan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treosulphan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tresulfon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"treosulfan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"39069"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076959"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"299-75-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CO61ER3EPI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39720"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39720"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H14O8S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Treosulfan"}]}}{"C81554":{"preferredName":"Tretazicar","code":"C81554","definitions":[{"description":"A prodrug of a bifunctional alkylating, dinitrobenzamide derivative with antineoplastic activity. Tretazicar can be activated by the human enzyme quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) in the presence of the cosubstrate caricotamide, an analogue of the natural cosubstrate dihydronicotinamide riboside (NRH), which acts as an electron donor. The resulting active, but short-lived metabolite, dinitrobenzamide, leads to DNA replication inhibition and the induction of apoptosis in NQO2 expressing cancer cells. Due to the lack of the natural cosubstrate NRH, NQO2 expression is normally latent but is upregulated in certain types of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CB1954","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRETAZICAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tretazicar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0097964"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"21919-05-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7865D5D01M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H8N4O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tretazicar"}]}}{"C900":{"preferredName":"Tretinoin","code":"C900","definitions":[{"description":"A nutrient that that body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. All-trans retinoic acid is made in the body from vitamin A and helps cells to grow and develop, especially in the embryo. A form of all-trans retinoic acid made in the laboratory is put on the skin to treat conditions such as acne and is taken by mouth to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia (a fast-growing cancer in which there are too many immature blood-forming cells in the blood and bone marrow). All-trans retinoic acid is being studied in the prevention and treatment of other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally-occurring acid of retinol. Tretinoin binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing changes in gene expression that lead to cell differentiation, decreased cell proliferation, and inhibition of tumorigenesis. This agent also inhibits telomerase, resulting in telomere shortening and eventual apoptosis of some tumor cell types. The oral form of tretinoin has teratogenic and embryotoxic properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(All-E)-3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraenoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,4,6,8-Nonatetraenoic acid, 3, 7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-, (all-E)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ATRA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ATRA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aberel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Aberel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Airol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Airol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aknoten","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Aknoten","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"All-trans Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"All-trans Vitamin A Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avita","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Avita","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cordes Vas","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermairol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dermairol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epi-Aberel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eudyna","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Eudyna","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renova","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Renova","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retin-A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Retin-A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Retin-A","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retin-A MICRO","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retin-A-Micro","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retisol-A","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 5488","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stieva-A","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stieva-A Forte","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRETINOIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trans Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trans Vitamin A Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Tretinoin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tretinoin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tretinoinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vesanoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Vesanoid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin A Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin A acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vitamin A acid, all-trans-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vitinoin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"all trans-Retinoic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"all-trans retinoic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"all-trans-Retinoic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"all-trans-Vitamin A acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"beta-Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"retinoic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"trans-Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"trans-Retinoic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"tretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"vitamin A acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"122758"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040845"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"302-79-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"(Topical) acne vulgaris; other dermatologic conditions; some skin cancers"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"(Oral) Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), characterized by the t(15;17) translocation or the PML/RARa gene refractory to or have relapsed from anthracycline chemotherapy, or for where anthracycline-based chemotherapy is contraindicated"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5688UTC01R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41258"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H28O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vitamin_A_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15367"}]}}{"C2398":{"preferredName":"Tretinoin Liposome","code":"C2398","definitions":[{"description":"An intravenous formulation of tretinoin (vitamin A acid or all-trans retinoic acid) encased in liposomes. Tretinoin is a naturally occurring retinoic acid agent that binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RAR), effecting changes in gene expression that lead to cell differentiation, decreased cell proliferation, and inhibition of carcinogenesis. This agent also inhibits telomerase, leading to telomere shortening and eventual apoptosis of certain tumor cell types. Liposome encapsulation extends the half-life of intravenously administered tretinoin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR-623","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"All-trans-retinoic acid liposomal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atragen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal all-trans-retinoic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal tretinoin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tretinoin Liposomal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tretinoin Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TretinoinLF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338222"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42285"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42285"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tretinoin_Liposome"}]}}{"C48027":{"preferredName":"Triamcinolone Acetonide","code":"C48027","definitions":[{"description":"The acetonide salt form of triamcinolone, a synthetic glucocorticosteroid with immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activity. Triamcinolone acetonide binds to specific cytosolic glucocorticoid receptors and subsequently interacts with glucocorticoid receptor response element on DNA and alters gene expression. This results in an induction of the synthesis of certain anti-inflammatory proteins while inhibiting the synthesis of certain inflammatory mediators. Consequently, an overall reduction in chronic inflammation and autoimmune reactions are accomplished.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-alpha-Fluoro-11-beta,21-dihydroxy-16-alpha-isopropylidenedioxy-1,4-pregnadiene,3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AllerNaze","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aristocort A","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kenalog","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasacort","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ReadySharp Triamcinolone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Triamcinolone Acetonide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Triamcinolone Acetonide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"21916"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040866"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"76-25-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Allergic Rhinitis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F446C597KA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649799"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649799"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H31FO6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Triamcinolone_Acetonide"}]}}{"C48026":{"preferredName":"Triamcinolone Hexacetonide","code":"C48026","definitions":[{"description":"The hexacetonide salt form of triamcinolone, a synthetic glucocorticosteroid with immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activity. Triamcinolone hexacetonide binds to specific cytosolic glucocorticoid receptors and subsequently interacts with glucocorticoid receptor response element on DNA and alters gene expression. This results in an induction of the synthesis of certain anti-inflammatory proteins while inhibiting the synthesis of certain inflammatory mediators. Consequently, an overall reduction in chronic inflammation and autoimmune reactions are accomplished.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(11beta,16alpha)-21-(3,3-Dimethyl-1-oxobutoxy)-9-fluoro-11-hydroxy-16,17-((1-methylethylidene)bis(oxy))pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aristospan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIAMCINOLONE HEXACETONIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Triamcinolone Hexacetonide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077004"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5611-51-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I7GT1U99Y9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H41FO7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Triamcinolone_Hexacetonide"}]}}{"C2242":{"preferredName":"Triapine","code":"C2242","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic heterocyclic carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone with potential antineoplastic activity. Triapine inhibits the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase, resulting in the inhibition of the conversion of ribonucleoside diphosphates to deoxyribonucleotides necessary for DNA synthesis. This agent has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in vitro. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-AP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"3-AP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Apct","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"OCX-191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triapine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Triapine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Triapine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"663249"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0210403"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"236392-56-6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37830"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37830"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Triapine"}]}}{"C2367":{"preferredName":"Triazene Derivative CB10-277","code":"C2367","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic derivative of dimethylphenyl-triazene related to dacarbazine, with antineoplastic properties. Related to the agent dacarbazine, CB10-277 is converted in vivo to a monomethyl triazene form that alkylates DNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and repair; in addition, this agent may act as a purine analogue, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis, and may interact with protein sulfhydryl groups. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-p-carboxy-3,3-dimethylphenyltriazine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB10-277","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triazene Derivative CB10-277","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"phase II trial shown to be inactive; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2394365/"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"208107"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0088835"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41154"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41154"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"CB10-277"}]}}{"C95208":{"preferredName":"Triazene Derivative TriN2755","code":"C95208","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic triazene derivative with antineoplastic activity. Upon metabolic activation via N-demethylation, TriN2755 is converted into highly reactive carbocations that can alkylate DNA and other macromolecules, thereby resulting in DNA cross links, inhibiting DNA replication and repair, and subsequently inducing apoptosis. This agent has high hydrophilicity and photostability and shows a favorable toxicity profile over the other triazenes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TriN2755","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triazene Derivative TriN2755","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426697"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691486"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691486"}]}}{"C1258":{"preferredName":"Triazinate","code":"C1258","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic dihydrotriazine derivative with antineoplastic properties. As an antifolate agent related to methotrexate (MTX), triazinate inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), resulting in decreased tetrahydrofolate production and interference with thymidylate synthesis. Unlike MTX, this agent is not converted to polyglutamate forms. Triazinate also inhibits the transport of folates and may be selectively toxic to MTX-resistant tumor cells. 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The alkylating group in triaziquone becomes activated upon reduction of quinone to the hydroquinone form. This eventually results in the alkylation and crosslinking of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication followed by an induction of apoptosis. In addition, reactive oxygen species may form during redox cycling which may contribute to this agent's cytotoxic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRIAZIQUONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Triaziquone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triaziquone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"29215"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040878"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"68-76-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F3D5D9P25I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H13N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Triaziquone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27090"}]}}{"C1260":{"preferredName":"Tributyrin","code":"C1260","definitions":[{"description":"A triglyceride drug that may inhibit cell growth and induce cell differentiation. Differentiating agents may be effective in changing cancer cells back into normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A triglyceride prodrug of butyric acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Butyrate, the active metabolite of tributyrin, inhibits histone deacetylase, resulting in increased differentiation, decreased proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in some tumor cell lines. 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Triciribine inhibits the phosphorylation, activation, and signalling of Akt-1, -2, and -3, which may result in the inhibition of Akt-expressing tumor cell proliferation. Akts are anti-apoptotic serine/threonine-specific protein kinases that phosphorylate and inactivate components of the apoptotic machinery, including Bcl-xL/Bcl-2-associated death promoter (BAD) and caspase 9.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1, 5-Dihydro-5-methyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl)-1,4,5, 6,8-pentaazaacenaphthylen-3-amine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1,4,5, 6,8-pentaazaacenaphthylen-3-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4, 5,6,8-Pentaazaacenaphthylen-3-amine, 1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,4, 5,6,8-pentaazaacenaphthylen-3-amine, 1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4,5,6, 8-Pentaazaacenaphthalen-3-amine, 1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,4,5,6, 8-pentaazaacenaphthalen-3-amine, 1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Amino-1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl-1,4,5,6, 8-pentaazaacenaphthylene 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"3-amino-1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,4,5,6, 8-pentaazaacenaphthylene 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRICIRIBINE PHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Triciribine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Triciribine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triciribine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triciribine Phosphate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Triciribine Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tricyclic Nucleoside 5'-Phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tricycloside Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"280594"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077070"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"61966-08-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5L5GE3DV88"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39723"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39723"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H17N6O7P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Triciribine_Phosphate"}]}}{"C61987":{"preferredName":"Trientine Hydrochloride","code":"C61987","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of a metal chelating agent with potential anti-angiogenic activity. Trientine chelates excess copper (Cu) ions in the body; the excess copper is subsequently removed from the body through the kidneys. As Cu is an essential cofactor for cuproenzymes, such as superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), depletion of copper may inhibit the activation of signal transduction pathways required for cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. In addition, trientine may inhibit copper-induced secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N,N-bis (2-aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syprine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIENTINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trientine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Trientine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trientine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0770325"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"38260-01-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HC3NX54582"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683662"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683662"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H18N4.2HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Trientine_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C29858":{"preferredName":"Triethylenemelamine","code":"C29858","definitions":[{"description":"A trisaziridine alkylating agent with antineoplastic and carcinogenic properties. Used to induce cancer in experimental animal models, triethylenemelamine ethylates DNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication, unscheduled DNA synthesis, chromosomal aberrations, and sister chromatid exchanges. This agent also exhibits reproductive toxicities. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TEM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIETHYLENEMELAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tretamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triethylene Melamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triethylenemelamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"9706"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040975"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51-18-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F7IY6HZG9D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H12N6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Triethylenemelamine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27919"}]}}{"C905":{"preferredName":"Trifluridine","code":"C905","definitions":[{"description":"A fluorinated thymidine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Trifluridine is incorporated into DNA and inhibits thymidylate synthase, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis, inhibition of protein synthesis, and apoptosis. This agent also exhibits antiviral activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2'-Deoxy-5-trifluoromethyluridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F3TdR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIFLURIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Triflorothymidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trifluridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trifluridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"75520"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040987"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"70-00-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RMW9V5RW38"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39240"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39240"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H11F3N2O5"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Trifluridine"}]}}{"C102554":{"preferredName":"Trifluridine and Tipiracil Hydrochloride","code":"C102554","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable combination agent composed of the cytotoxic pyrimidine analog trifluridine (5-trifluoro-2'-deoxythymidine or TFT) and a thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor (TPI) tipiracil hydrochloride, in a molar ratio of 1.0:0.5 (TFT:TPI), with potential antineoplastic activity. After oral administration of TAS-102, TFT is phosphorylated to the active monophosphate form TF-TMP, which binds covalently to the active site of thymidylate synthase, thereby reducing the nucleotide pool levels required for DNA replication. Furthermore, the triphosphate form TF-TTP can be incorporated into DNA, which induces DNA fragmentation and leads to the inhibition of tumor growth. TPI exhibits a dual effect: 1) an anti-angiogenic effect mediated through the inhibition of thymidine phosphorylase, which plays important role in nucleotide metabolism and a variety of development processes, including angiogenesis, 2) increased bioavailability of the normally short-lived antimetabolite TFT by preventing its degradation into the inactive form trifluorothymine (TF-Thy). The synergistic effect of the components in TAS-10 may demonstrate antitumor activity in 5-FU-resistant cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lonsurf","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymidine, Alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-, Mixt. with 5-Chloro-6-((2-imino-1-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tipiracil Hydrochloride Mixture with Trifluridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trifluridine and Tipiracil Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trifluridine and Tipiracil Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trifluridine/Tipiracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trifluridine/Tipiracil Hydrochloride Combination Agent TAS-102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1451803"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"733030-01-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic colorectal cancer; metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734891"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734891"}]}}{"C142847":{"preferredName":"Trigriluzole","code":"C142847","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation comprised of a prodrug form of the benzothiazole derivative riluzole, with potential anti-depressant, anxiolytic and antineoplastic activities. Following oral administration, trigriluzole is converted into the active form riluzole. While the mechanism of action of riluzole is unknown, its pharmacological activities, some of which may be related to its effect, include the following: 1) an inhibitory effect on glutamate release, 2) inactivation of voltage-dependent sodium channels, and 3) interference with intracellular events that follow transmitter binding at excitatory amino acid receptors. These activities may result in myorelaxation and sedation due to the blockade of glutamatergic neurotransmission. Additionally, these activities may result in the inhibition of enzymes that are necessary for cell growth, which may decrease tumor cell growth and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BHV 4157","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BHV-4157","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glycinamide, Glycylglycyl-N2-methyl-N-(6-(trifluoromethoxy)-2-benzothiazolyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trigriluzole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trigriluzole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540756"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1926203-09-9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791792"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791792"}]}}{"C123281":{"preferredName":"Trilaciclib","code":"C123281","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule, competitive inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6), with potential antineoplastic and chemoprotective activities. Upon intravenous administration, trilaciclib binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK4/6, thereby blocking the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb) in early G1. This prevents G1/S phase transition, causes cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, induces apoptosis, and inhibits the proliferation of CDK4/6-overexpressing tumor cells. In patients with CDK4/6-independent tumor cells, G1T28 may protect against multi-lineage chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression (CIM) by transiently and reversibly inducing G1 cell cycle arrest in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and preventing transition to the S phase. This protects all hematopoietic lineages, including red blood cells, platelets, neutrophils and lymphocytes, from the DNA-damaging effects of certain chemotherapeutics and preserves the function of the bone marrow and the immune system. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and may be overexpressed in certain cancer cell types. HSPCs are dependent upon CDK4/6 for proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2'-((5-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-7',8'-dihydro-6'H-spiro(cyclohexane-1,9'-pyrazino(1',2':1,5)pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin)-6'-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1T28","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spiro(cyclohexane-1,9'(6'H)-pyrazino(1',2':1,5)pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin)-6'-one, 7',8'-dihydro-2'-((5-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-pyridinyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRILACICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trilaciclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trilaciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053642"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1374743-00-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U6072DO9XG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775021"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775021"}]}}{"C29485":{"preferredName":"Trimelamol","code":"C29485","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic derivative of trimethylmelamine with antineoplastic properties. An analogue of siderophores (microbial iron chelators), trimelamol induces the formation of a reactive iminium species which may crosslink DNA. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRN 4261541","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanol, ((s-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)trimethyltrinitrilo)tri-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trimelamol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trimethyloltrimethylmelamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077149"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Trimelamole"}]}}{"C143155":{"preferredName":"Trimeric GITRL-Fc OMP-336B11","code":"C143155","definitions":[{"description":"A Fc-engineered human fusion protein composed of two trimers of tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 18 (TNFSF18; GlTRL) linked to an immunoglobulin Fc domain (GITRL-Fc), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, trimeric GITRL-Fc OMP-336B11 targets, binds to and activates its co-stimulatory surface receptor (glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR; TNFRSF18) expressed on T-lymphocytes and certain tumor cell types. This activates T-lymphocytes, causes T-lymphocyte proliferation and suppresses the activity of regulatory T-cells (Treg). This promotes cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of tumor cells. GITRL, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family of ligands, functions to activate the co-stimulatory receptor GITR to enhance T-cell modulated immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GITRL-Fc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GITRL-Fc Trimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP 336B11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP-336B11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trimeric GITRL-Fc OMP-336B11","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trimeric GITRL-Fc OMP-336B11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541604"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791681"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791681"}]}}{"C1264":{"preferredName":"Trimethylcolchicinic Acid","code":"C1264","definitions":[{"description":"A colchicine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Trimethylcolchicinic acid binds to tubulin, inhibiting its polymerization into microtubules and preventing cell division. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colchicinic Acid, Trimethyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desacetyl Colchicine D-tartrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desacetylcholchiceine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Deacetylcolchiceine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKF 284","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMCA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIMETHYLCOLCHICINIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trimethylcolchicinic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trimethylcolchicinic Acid Methyl Ether d-tartrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trimethylcolchicinic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"36796"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077183"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3482-37-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"333BVY614O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39719"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39719"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Trimethylcolchicinic_Acid"}]}}{"C1314":{"preferredName":"Trimetrexate","code":"C1314","definitions":[{"description":"A methotrexate derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Trimetrexate inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby preventing the synthesis of purine nucleotides and thymidylate, with subsequent inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. Trimetrexate also exhibits antiviral activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Quinazolinediamine, 5-methyl-6-[[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)amino]methyl]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Methyl-6-[[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)amino]methyl]-2,4-quinazolinediamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-898","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMQ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIMETREXATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trimetrexate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Trimetrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trimexate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"249008"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085176"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52128-35-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UPN4ITI8T4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H23N5O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Trimetrexate"}]}}{"C1265":{"preferredName":"Trimetrexate Glucuronate","code":"C1265","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites. It is used in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and is being studied in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A lipid soluble methotrexate derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Trimetrexate glucuronate inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby preventing the synthesis of purine nucleotides and thymidylate, with subsequent inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. Trimetrexate glucuronate also exhibits antiviral activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Diamino-5-methyl-6-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyanilino)methyl]quinazoline mono-D-glucuronate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neutrexin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMTX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIMETREXATE GLUCURONATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TRIMETREXATE GLUCURONATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Trimetrexate Glucuronate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"trimetrexate glucuronate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"352122"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077209"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"82952-64-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Head and neck cancer; Metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma; Non-small cell lung cancer; Osteogenic sarcoma; Pancreatic adenocarcinoma; Pneumocystitis carinii pneumonia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L137U4A79K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39764"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39764"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H23N5O3.C6H10O7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Trimetrexate_Glucuronate"}]}}{"C1266":{"preferredName":"Trioxifene","code":"C1266","definitions":[{"description":"A nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with potential antineoplastic activity. Trioxifene competes with estradiol in binding to estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha), thereby inhibiting ER alpha-mediated signal transduction and gene expression. In addition, trioxifene exerts intrinsic estrogenic activity depending on the tissue. Clinical development of trioxifene has not been preceded due to its side effect profile and lack of increased efficacy over tamoxifen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3,4-Dihydro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-naphthalenyl)(4-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethoxy)phenyl) Methanone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIOXIFENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trioxifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077238"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"63619-84-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R0130F043H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39726"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39726"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H31NO3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Trioxifene"}]}}{"C1827":{"preferredName":"Triplatin Tetranitrate","code":"C1827","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as an anticancer drug. It belongs to the family of platinum-based drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cationic tri-nuclear platinum complex related to cisplatin. BBR 3464 binds to and forms DNA crosslinks and platinum-DNA adducts, preventing DNA replication and tumor cell division.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BBR 3464","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BBR 3464","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIPLATIN TETRANITRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Triplatin Tetranitrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0756613"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"172903-00-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HAJ1000ARC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38246"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38246"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BBR_3464"}]}}{"C111762":{"preferredName":"Triptolide Analog","code":"C111762","definitions":[{"description":"A water soluble analog of the diterpenoid triepoxide triptolide isolated from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f., with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the triptolide analog inhibits heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and prevents HSP70-mediated inhibition of apoptosis. This leads to both the induction of apoptosis and a reduction of cancer cell growth. HSP70, a molecular chaperone upregulated in various cancer cells, plays a key role in the inhibition of caspase-dependent and -independent apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Minnelide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triptolide Analog","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Triptolide Analog","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3657815"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753195"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753195"}]}}{"C1267":{"preferredName":"Triptorelin","code":"C1267","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat advanced prostate cancer, and is being studied in the treatment of breast cancer. It belongs to the family of hormonal drugs called gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic decapeptide agonist analog of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH). Possessing greater potency than endogenous LHRH, triptorelin reversibly represses gonadotropin secretion. After chronic, continuous administration, this agent effects sustained decreases in LH and FSH production and testicular and ovarian steroidogenesis. Serum testosterone concentrations may fall to levels typically observed in surgically castrated men. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-D-Tryptophan-LH-RH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-D-Tryptophanluteinizing Hormone-releasing Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AY-25650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL-118,532","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Detryptoreline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIPTORELIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Triptorelin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Triptorelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"triptorelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077275"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57773-63-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Palliative treatment prostate carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9081Y98W2V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42944"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42944"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C64H82N18O13"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Triptorelin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63633"}]}}{"C29523":{"preferredName":"Triptorelin Pamoate","code":"C29523","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat advanced prostate cancer, and is being studied in the treatment of breast cancer. It belongs to the family of hormonal drugs called gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The pamoate salt of triptorelin, a synthetic decapeptide agonist analog of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH). Possessing greater potency than endogenous LHRH, triptorelin reversibly represses gonadotropin secretion after prolonged administration. After chronic, continuous administration, a sustained decrease in LH, FSH and testicular and ovarian steroidogenesis is observed. The serum testosterone concentration may fall to levels typically seen in surgically castrated men. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-D-Tryptophan-, 4,4'Mmethylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthalenecarboxylate) (Salt)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Decapeptyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diphereline","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pamorelin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIPTORELIN PAMOATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trelstar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Trelstar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triptorelin Pamoate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Triptorelin Pamoate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Triptorelin Pamoate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"724666"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1137102"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"124508-66-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"08AN7WA2G0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468834"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468834"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C64H82N18O13.C23H16O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Triptorelin_Pamoate"}]}}{"C1758":{"preferredName":"Tritylcysteine","code":"C1758","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of cysteine with antimitotic activity and potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Tritylthio-L-Alanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Trityl-L-Cysteine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Trityl-L-cysteine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tritylcysteine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"83265"},{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"124663"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0601886"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2799-07-7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tritylcysteine"}]}}{"C153116":{"preferredName":"TrkA Inhibitor VMD-928","code":"C153116","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA; neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) type 1; NTRK1; TRK1-transforming tyrosine kinase protein), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, VMD-928 specifically targets and binds to TrkA, inhibits neurotrophin-TrkA interaction and prevents TrkA activation. This prevents the activation of downstream signaling pathways and inhibits cell growth in tumors that overexpress TrkA. Uncontrolled TrkA signaling plays an important role in tumor cell growth, survival, invasion and treatment resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NTRK1 Inhibitor VMD-928","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TrkA Inhibitor VMD-928","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TrkA Inhibitor VMD-928","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VMD 928","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VMD-928","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VMD928","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554374"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793945"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793945"}]}}{"C123882":{"preferredName":"Trodusquemine","code":"C123882","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally-occurring cholestane and non-competitive, allosteric inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), with potential hypoglycemic, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, trodusquemine selectively targets and inhibits PTP1B, thereby preventing PTP1B-mediated signaling. This prevents the dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which improves insulin signaling and insulin sensitivity, and decreases blood glucose levels. In susceptible cancer cells, inhibition of PTP1B causes a reduction of tumor cell proliferation. In addition, as trodusquemine can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), it centrally suppresses appetite and causes weight loss. PTP1B, a tyrosine phosphatase, is elevated in certain cancer cells; it is specifically upregulated in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-driven cancers where it promotes cell growth, and is correlated with a poor prognosis and increased metastatic potential. In diabetes, PTP1B upregulation plays a major role in insulin resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(24R)-3beta-((3-((4-((3-aminopropyl)amino)butyl)amino)propyl)amino)-7alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-cholestan-24-yl Hydrogen Sulfate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholestane-7,24-diol, 3-((3-((4-((3-aminopropyl)amino)butyl)amino)propyl)amino)-, 24-(Hydrogen Sulfate), (3beta,5alpha,7alpha,24R)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSI-1436","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSI-1436C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRODUSQUEMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trodusquemine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1099662"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"186139-09-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KKC12PIF16"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775873"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775873"}]}}{"C1268":{"preferredName":"Trofosfamide","code":"C1268","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable oxazaphosphorine prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Trofosfamide (TFF) is metabolized predominantly to the cyclophosphamide analogue ifosfamide (IFO), which is then metabolized by liver cytochrome P450s to the active isophosphoramide mustard (IPM). IPM alkylates DNA to form DNA-DNA cross-links, which may result in inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis, and ultimately lead to tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-3-(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxaphosphorine 2-oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2H-1,3,2-Oxazaphosphorin-2-amine, N,N, 3-tris(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-, 2-oxide, (+)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2H-1,3,2-Oxazaphosphorin-2-amine, N,N, 3-tris(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-, 2-oxide, (-)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"A-4828","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"A-4828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genoxal Trofosfamida","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ixoten","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ixoten","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N,3-tris(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-2-amine 2-oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N,N'-tris(2-chloroethyl)-N',O-propylene phosphoric acid ester diamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TROFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trilophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Trilophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trofosfamid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Trofosfamid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trofosfamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Trofosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Trophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z 4828","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Z-4828","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Z-4828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"109723"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077375"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"22089-22-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H64JRU6GJ0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39725"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39725"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H18Cl3N2O2P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Trofosfamide"}]}}{"C1522":{"preferredName":"Troglitazone","code":"C1522","definitions":[{"description":"An orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic and hepatotoxic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Troglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, thereby inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis. This agent also modulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes, inhibits macrophage and monocyte activation, and stimulates adipocyte differentiation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-((4-((3,4-dihydro-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)methoxy)phenyl)methyl)-2,4-Thiazolidinedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-[4-[(6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-yl)methoxy]benzyl]-2,4-thiazolidinedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-991","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-045","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prelay","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rezulin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Romozin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TROGLITAZONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Troglitazone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Troglitazone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0245514"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"97322-87-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I66ZZ0ZN0E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42706"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42706"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Troglitazone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9753"}]}}{"C99161":{"preferredName":"Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase Inhibitor AZD7451","code":"C99161","definitions":[{"description":"A tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. AZD7451 binds to TRK, thereby preventing the neurotrophin-TRK interaction and subsequent TRK activation. This may eventually result in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in TRK-expressing tumor cells. TRK, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor cell growth, invasion and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD7451","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK Inhibitor AZD7451","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase Inhibitor AZD7451","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase Inhibitor AZD7451","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274575"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717230"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717230"}]}}{"C1438":{"preferredName":"Troxacitabine","code":"C1438","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied for use as an anticancer agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A dioxolane derivative and a novel L-configuration deoxycytidine analogue with potent antineoplastic activity. When incorporated into growing chain during DNA replication, troxacitabine stops DNA polymerization due to its unnatural L-configuration, in contrast to the normal nucleotides with D-configuration. As a result, this agent terminates DNA synthesis upon incorporated into DNA molecules, and consequently interrupts tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-amino-1-((2S,4S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCH-4556","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Oddc","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TROXACITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Troxacitabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Troxacitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Troxatyl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"troxacitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0877874"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"145918-75-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"60KQZ0388Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43646"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43646"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H11N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Troxacitabine"}]}}{"C157496":{"preferredName":"Troxacitabine Nucleotide Prodrug MIV-818","code":"C157496","definitions":[{"description":"A liver-targeting nucleotide phosphoramidate prodrug of troxacitabine monophosphate (TRX-MP), a dioxolane derivative and L-configuration deoxycytidine analogue, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MIV-818 is rapidly and specifically hydrolyzed in hepatocytes by liver carboxylesterase 1 (carboxylesterase 1, CE-1), generating high levels of the chain-terminating nucleotide, troxacitabine triphosphate (TRX-TP) in the liver. TRX-TP is then incorporated into tumor cell DNA, leading to termination of DNA synthesis and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MIV 818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIV-818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIV818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Troxacitabine Nucleotide Prodrug MIV-818","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Troxacitabine Prodrug MIV-818","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937071"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796799"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796799"}]}}{"C911":{"preferredName":"Tubercidin","code":"C911","definitions":[{"description":"An antibiotic and adenosine analog isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces tubercidicus with potential antineoplastic activity. Tubercidin is incorporated into DNA and inhibits polymerases, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also exhibits antifungal and antiviral activities. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Amino-7-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl-7H-pyrrolo[2, 3-d]pyrimidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-Amino-7.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl-7H-pyrrolo(2, 3-d)pyrimidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-amino-7-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Deazaadenosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"7-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-deazaadenosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7H-Pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidine, 4-amino-7.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"7H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine, 4-amino-7-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TUBERCIDIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tubercidin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tubercidin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U 10071","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"U-10071","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"56408"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0041286"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"69-33-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M351LCX45Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39728"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39728"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H14N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tubercidin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:48267"}]}}{"C61566":{"preferredName":"Tubulin Binding Agent TTI-237","code":"C61566","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small synthetic molecule of triazolopyrimidine derivative with potential antitumor activity. With a novel mechanism of action distinct from the action of other vinca alkaloid compounds, TTI-237 specifically binds to tubulin at the vinca site, and promotes the polymerization of tubulin into microtubules. TTI-237 stabilizes tubulin and inhibits microtubule disassembly. This results in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, and leading to cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TTI 237","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI-237","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Tubulin Binding Agent TTI-237","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831611"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"432958"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"432958"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"TTI-237"}]}}{"C78842":{"preferredName":"Tubulin Inhibitor ALB 109564 Dihydrochloride","code":"C78842","definitions":[{"description":"A semi-synthetic derivative of the vinka alkaloid vinblastine with potential antineoplastic activity. Tubulin inhibitor ALB 109564 dihydrochloride binds to tubulin monomers and inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and arrest of tumor cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALB-109564 DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ALB-109564 dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alb-109564(a)","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulin Inhibitor ALB 109564 Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tubulin Inhibitor ALB 109564 Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703136"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1300114-12-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G2Z7R4P95M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610130"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610130"}]}}{"C162527":{"preferredName":"Tubulin Inhibitor ALB-109564","code":"C162527","definitions":[{"description":"A semi-synthetic derivative of the vinka alkaloid vinblastine with potential antineoplastic activity. Tubulin inhibitor ALB-109564 binds to tubulin monomers and inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and arrest of tumor cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Check for active clinical trials using this agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALB 109564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALB-109564","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ALB-109564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALB109564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulin Inhibitor ALB-109564","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"854756-74-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EUY2631TAL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C162525":{"preferredName":"Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor AEZS 112","code":"C162525","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule tubulin polymerization inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tubulin polymerization inhibitor AEZS 112 binds to tubulin and prevents its polymerization in tumor blood vessel endothelial cells and tumor cells. This blocks the formation of the mitotic spindle and leads to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. As a result, this agent disrupts the tumor vasculature and tumor blood flow, deprives tumor cells of nutrients and induces tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent has a direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells by inhibiting tubulin polymerization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEZS 112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AEZS-112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AEZS112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor AEZS 112","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZEN 012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZEN-012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZEN012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1214741-69-1"}]}}{"C101264":{"preferredName":"Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor CKD-516","code":"C101264","definitions":[{"description":"A benzophenone derivative and water soluble valine prodrug of the tubulin binding agent S516, with potential tubulin-inhibiting, vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tubulin polymerization inhibitor CKD-516 is converted into its active metabolite S-516 that binds to tubulin and prevents its polymerization in tumor blood vessel endothelial cells and tumor cells. This blocks the formation of the mitotic spindle and leads to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. As a result, this agent disrupts the tumor vasculature and tumor blood flow, deprives tumor cells of nutrients and induces tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent has a direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells by inhibiting tubulin polymerization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-N-(4-(3-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)phenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-2-amino-3-methylbutanamide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CKD-516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor CKD-516","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2974542"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729699"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729699"}]}}{"C158517":{"preferredName":"Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor VERU-111","code":"C158517","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, selective anti-tubulin agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, VERU-111 crosslinks alpha- and beta-tubulin subunits, thereby inhibiting microtubule polymerization. This blocks the formation of the mitotic spindle and leads to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. As a result, this agent disrupts the tumor vasculature, tumor blood flow, deprives tumor cells of nutrients, and induces apoptosis. VERU-111 is not a substrate of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), an efflux pump that when overexpressed, may confer resistance to taxane therap","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor VERU-111","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor VERU-111","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERU 111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERU-111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERU111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938043"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797224"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797224"}]}}{"C71525":{"preferredName":"Tubulin-Binding Agent SSR97225","code":"C71525","definitions":[{"description":"An antimitotic tubulin-binding agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Tubulin-binding agent SSR97225 binds to tubulin, arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M checkpoint and preventing mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SSR 97225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSR-97225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSR97225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulin-Binding Agent SSR97225","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL378284"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"576686"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"576686"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SSR97225"}]}}{"C77896":{"preferredName":"Tucatinib","code":"C77896","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the human epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB-2 (also called HER2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Tucatinib selectively binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of ErbB-2, which may prevent the activation of ErbB-2 signal transduction pathways, resulting in growth inhibition and death of ErbB-2-expressing tumor cells. ErbB-2 is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and plays an important role in cellular proliferation and differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARRY-380","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irbinitinib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N6-(4,4-Dimethyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-yl)-N4-(3-methyl-4-((1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-a)pyridin-7-yloxy)phenyl)quinazoline-4,6-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONT-380","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TUCATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tucatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tucatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383576"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"937263-43-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"234248D0HH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594366"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594366"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ErbB-2_Inhibitor_ARRY-380"}]}}{"C97263":{"preferredName":"Tucidinostat","code":"C97263","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable benzamide-type inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) isoenzymes 1, 2, 3 and 10, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tucidinostat binds to and inhibits HDACs, leading to an increase of acetylation levels of histone proteins. This agent also inhibits the expression of kinases in the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Ras signaling pathways and may result in cell cycle arrest and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. HDACs, a class of enzymes that deacetylate chromatin histone proteins, are upregulated in many tumor types and play key roles in gene expression. Compared to some other benzamide-type HDAC inhibitors, chidamide is more stable, more resistant to degradation and has a longer half-life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CS-055","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS055","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chidamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidaza","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HBI-8000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-amino-5-fluorine benzyl)-4-[N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl) ammonia methyl] Benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-amino-5-fluorophenyl)-4-[[[1-oxo-3-(3-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-yl]amino]methyl]-benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TUCIDINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tucidinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tucidinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2932486"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1616493-44-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"87CIC980Y0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"702501"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"702501"}]}}{"C2630":{"preferredName":"Tucotuzumab Celmoleukin","code":"C2630","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fusion protein comprised of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM or KS) linked to an active interleukin-2 (IL2) molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Tucotuzumab Celmoleukin recognizes and binds to EpCAM, a cell surface epithelial protein that is expressed on a wide variety of cancer cells, thereby concentrating IL2 in EpCAM-expressing tumor tissue. Subsequently, the localized IL2 moiety of the fusion protein may stimulate a cytotoxic T-cell antitumor immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EMD 273066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD-273066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSA-IL-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSA-Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSA-interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TUCOTUZUMAB CELMOLEUKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tucotuzumab Celmoleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huKS-IL2 Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1721369"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"339986-90-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4ON7FF680U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456358"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456358"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"KSA-Interleukin-2_Fusion_Protein"}]}}{"C77856":{"preferredName":"Tyroserleutide","code":"C77856","definitions":[{"description":"A tripeptide consisting of tyrosine, serine, and leucine with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of its antitumor activity has yet to be fully elucidated, tyroserleutide appears to inhibit the expression of ICAM-1 (CD54), a cell adhesion factor of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily that plays an important role in the invasion, adhesion, and metastasis of tumor cells. In addition, this agent may influence the Ca2+/calmodulin pathway, inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K); PI3K is upregulated in tumor cells and is involved in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CMS 024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyroserleutide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YSL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1451018"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593430"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593430"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tyroserleutide"}]}}{"C2401":{"preferredName":"Tyrosinase Peptide","code":"C2401","definitions":[{"description":"A protein that is made from tumor cells and is used in a vaccine against melanoma. A tyrosinase peptide vaccine may stimulate the body's immune system to find and kill melanoma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"One of a number of recombinant peptides consisting of amino acid residues of the enzyme tyrosinase, a protein frequently expressed by melanoma cells. Vaccination with tyrosinase peptide may stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against tyrosinase-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tyrosinase Peptide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tyrosinase Peptide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyrosinase Peptides","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tyrosinase peptide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338254"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42338"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42338"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tyrosinase_Peptide"}]}}{"C2384":{"preferredName":"Tyrosinase-KLH","code":"C2384","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine containing a tyrosinase epitope conjugated with keyhole lymphocyte hemocyanin (KLH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Tyrosinase, one of the melanoma differentiation antigens, is the rate-limiting enzyme for melanin synthesis. This tyrosine epitope is conjugated with KLH, which serves as an immunostimulant and a hapten carrier, to enhance immune recognition. Vaccination with tyrosinase-KLH peptide vaccine may produce anti-tyrosinase antibodies as well as elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against cells expressing tyrosinase antigen, resulting in decreased tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tyrosinase-KLH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281633"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42106"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42106"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tyrosinase-KLH"}]}}{"C48630":{"preferredName":"Tyrosinase:146-156 Peptide","code":"C48630","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic peptide consisting of amino acid residues 146 through 156 of the enzyme tyrosinase, a protein frequently expressed by melanoma cells, with antitumor activity. Vaccination with tyrosinase:146-156 peptide may stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against tyrosinase-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth and cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tyrosinase:146-156 Peptide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"731579"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1710512"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tyrosinase_146-156_Peptide"}]}}{"C1967":{"preferredName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor","code":"C1967","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that interferes with cell communication and growth and may prevent tumor growth. Some tyrosine kinase inhibitors are used to treat cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any substance that inhibits tyrosine kinase, an enzyme involved in the transduction and processing of many extracellular and intracellular signals including cell proliferation. Inhibition of tyrosine kinase may result in inhibition of cell growth and cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PTK Inhibitors","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TK Inhibitors","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tyrosine kinase inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1268567"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38637"}]}}{"C70981":{"preferredName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor OSI-930","code":"C70981","definitions":[{"description":"A selective thiophene-derived tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor OSI-930 inhibits stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit) and the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), which may result in the inhibition of both tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. Both c-Kit and VEGFR2 are overexpressed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OSI-930","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor OSI-930","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1615605"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"566188"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"566188"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_OSI-930"}]}}{"C1725":{"preferredName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SU5402","code":"C1725","definitions":[{"description":"An indolinone-based small molecule selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. SU5402 blocks the activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) and fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGFR1) via competing with ATP for the specific binding site within the catalytic domain of these receptors. This agent was shown to inhibit cell growth, decrease cell viability in dose-dependent manner, and induce apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-[(3-(2-carboxyethyl)-4-methylpyrrol-2-yl)methylene]-2-indolinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SU 5402","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SU5402","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0538431"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SU5402"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63449"}]}}{"C68929":{"preferredName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL228","code":"C68929","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic molecule that targets multiple tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor XL228 binds to and inhibits the activities of multiple tyrosine kinases, such as the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), Src tyrosine kinase, and Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase. Blockade of these kinases may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and metastasis. In addition, this agent may be a potent inhibitor of the T315I mutant form of the Abl protein, which is associated with the resistance of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) to other tyrosine kinase inhibitors. IGF1R and Src tyrosine kinases are upregulated in many tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Bcr-Abl translocation leads to constitutive activation of ABL kinase and is commonly associated with Philadelphia-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL228","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL228","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL374367"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"549001"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"549001"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_XL228"}]}}{"C113788":{"preferredName":"UAE Inhibitor TAK-243","code":"C113788","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of ubiquitin-activating enzyme (UAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. UAE inhibitor TAK-243 binds to and inhibits UAE, which prevents both protein ubiquitination and subsequent protein degradation by the proteasome. This results in an excess of proteins in the cells and may lead to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation and survival. UAE, also called ubiquitin E1 enzyme (UBA1; E1), is more active in cancer cells than in normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AOB87172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN7243","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-243","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TAK-243","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UAE Inhibitor TAK-243","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"UAE Inhibitor TAK-243","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471769"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1450833-55-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V9GGV0YCDI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757275"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757275"}]}}{"C121215":{"preferredName":"USP14/UCHL5 Inhibitor VLX1570","code":"C121215","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the 19S proteasome-specific deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) USP14 and UCHL5, with apoptosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, VLX1570 specifically binds to both USP14 and UCHL5, thereby blocking their deubiquitylating activity. This blocks the ubiquitin proteasome degradation pathway, prevents the degradation of defective proteins, and leads to an accumulation of poly-ubiquitylated proteins. This induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) and results in both the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell growth. USP14 and UCHL5, overexpressed in various tumor cell types, play a key role in the correct folding and deubiquitination of proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"USP14/UCHL5 Inhibitor VLX1570","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"USP14/UCHL5 Inhibitor VLX1570","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VLX1570","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053575"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769736"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769736"}]}}{"C1015":{"preferredName":"Ubenimex","code":"C1015","definitions":[{"description":"A microbial metabolite and dipeptide with potential immunomodulatory and antitumor activities. Ubenimex competitively inhibits many aminopeptidases, including B, N and leucine aminopeptidases. Aminopeptidases has been implicated in the process of cell adhesion and invasion of tumor cells. Therefore, inhibiting aminopeptidases may partially attribute to the antitumor effect of ubenimex. This agent also activates T lymphocyte, macrophage and bone marrow stem cell as well as stimulates release of interleukin-1 and -2, thus further enhances its antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bestatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Bestatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bestatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Leucine, N-(3-amino-2-hydroxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutyl)-, [S-(R*,S*)]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-[(2S,3R)-4-phenyl-3-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl]-L-leucine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK 421","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UBENIMEX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ubenimex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[(2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoyl]-L-leucine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[S-(R*,S*)]-N-(3-amino-2-hydroxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutyl)-L-leucine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"265489"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053355"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58970-76-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I0J33N5627"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39164"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39164"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H24N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ubenimex"}]}}{"C118621":{"preferredName":"Ubidecarenone Nanodispersion BPM31510n","code":"C118621","definitions":[{"description":"A nanodispersion containing the benzoquinone ubidecarenone (coenzyme Q10), with potential protective, antioxidant and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ubidecarenone nanodispersion BPM31510 modulates tumor cell metabolism and causes an anti-Warburg effect by inducing a shift from lactate dependency towards mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and induces tumor cell apoptosis. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation. BPM 31510 also induces the activation and maturation of T-lymphocytes, and changes the surface expression of certain immune checkpoint modulators. In addition, as an antioxidant, ubidecarenone protects against cell damage, by preventing both the peroxidation of lipid membranes and the oxidation of LDL-cholesterol. Ubidecarenone is an essential coenzyme for mitochondrial enzyme complexes involved in oxidative phosphorylation and the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BP31510","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coenzyme Q10 Injectable Nanosuspension","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ubidecarenone Injectable Nanosuspension","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ubidecarenone Nanodispersion BPM31510n","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ubiquinone Injectable Nanosuspension","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3897258"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791848"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791848"}]}}{"C91078":{"preferredName":"Ublituximab","code":"C91078","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric recombinant IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Ublituximab specifically binds to the B cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, thereby potentially inducing a B cell-directed complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B cells, leading to B cell apoptosis. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B cells during most stages of B cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Ublituximab has a specific glycosylation profile, with a low fucose content, that may enhance its ADCC response against malignant B cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LFB-R603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-20","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGTX-1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UBLITUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ublituximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ublituximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2934225"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1174014-05-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U59UGK3IPC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670500"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670500"}]}}{"C102851":{"preferredName":"Ulinastatin","code":"C102851","definitions":[{"description":"A multivalent Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor derived from human urine, with potential protective, anti-fibrinolytic and anticoagulant activities. Upon administration, ulinastatin (or urinary trypsinogen inhibitor) inhibits the activities of a variety of enzymes, including trypsin, chymotrypsin, thrombin, kallikrein, plasmin, elastase, cathepsin, lipase, hyaluronidase, factors IXa, Xa, XIa, and XlIa, and polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase. In addition, ulinastatin inhibits the excessive release of proinflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 and -8, and chemokines. Altogether, this agent may improve the microcirculation, perfusion and function of tissues and may protect organ injury.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bikunin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trypsin Inhibitor, Bikunin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ULINASTATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"UTI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ulinastatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary Trypsin Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077906"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"80449-32-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OR3S9IF86U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737612"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737612"}]}}{"C104744":{"preferredName":"Ulixertinib","code":"C104744","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ulixertinib inhibits both ERK 1 and 2, thereby preventing the activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Pyrrole-2-carboxamide, 4-(5-chloro-2-((1-methylethyl)amino)-4-pyridinyl)-N-((1S)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVD-523","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ULIXERTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ulixertinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ulixertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VRT752271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445815"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"869886-67-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"16ZDH50O1U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746054"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746054"}]}}{"C95755":{"preferredName":"Ulocuplumab","code":"C95755","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable monoclonal antibody against CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ulocuplumab binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, preventing the binding of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS 936564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-1338","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ULOCUPLUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ulocuplumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ulocuplumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3658941"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1375830-34-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7KNP87L4X4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673715"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673715"}]}}{"C104413":{"preferredName":"Umbralisib","code":"C104413","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K-delta inhibitor TGR-1202 inhibits PI3K and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT kinase signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation and induces cell death in susceptible tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in tumor cells and cells of the hematopoietic lineage. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta allows for PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells. PI3K, an enzyme often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-((1S)-1-(4-Amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-(1-methylethoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP-5264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP5264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGR-1202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UMBRALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Umbralisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Umbralisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445680"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1532533-67-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"38073MQB2A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745293"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745293"}]}}{"C113799":{"preferredName":"Uncaria tomentosa Extract","code":"C113799","definitions":[{"description":"An extract of Uncaria tomentosa (U. tomentosa), also called Cat's claw, a native Amazonian plant belonging to the Rubiaceae species, with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, antioxidant and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism(s) by which U. tomentosa extract exerts its effect(s) has yet to be fully elucidated, this extract may inhibit the proliferation of certain types of cancer cells. This extract may modulate inflammatory and immune responses through the stimulation of T- and B-lymphocytes and certain cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a). Components in U. tomentosa may both induce repair of chemically-induced DNA damage and scavenge free radicals, which may protect against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated cellular damage. In addition, this extract stimulates myelopoiesis, which may prevent chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cat's Claw Herbal Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uncaria tomentosa Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0939876"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757651"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757651"}]}}{"C73985":{"preferredName":"Upamostat","code":"C73985","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It blocks the action of certain enzymes, and it may help keep cancer cells from growing and spreading. It is a type of serine protease inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable, 3-amidinophenylalanine-derived, second generation serine protease inhibitor prodrug targeting the human urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) system with potential antineoplastic and antimetastatic activities. After oral administration, upamostat is converted to the active N alpha-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenylsulfonyl)-3-amidino-(L)-phenylalanine-4-ethoxycarbonylpiperazide (WX-UK1), which inhibits several serine proteases, particularly uPA; inhibition of uPA may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis. uPA is a serine protease involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix and tumor cell migration and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Piperazinecarboxylic Acid, 4-((2S)-3-(3-((E)-Amino(hydroxyimino)methyl)phenyl)-1-oxo-2-(((2,4,6-tris(1-methylethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)amino)propyl)-, Ethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UPAMOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Upamostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Upamostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX-671","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"WX-671","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348191"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1191101-18-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S5M7KW6U17"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"557106"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"557106"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Serine_Protease_Inhibitor_WX-671"}]}}{"C119743":{"preferredName":"Uproleselan","code":"C119743","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, glycomimetic molecule and E-selectin (CD62E) antagonist, with potential anti-thrombotic, antineoplastic and chemopotentiating activities. Upon administration, uproleselan binds to E-selectin expressed on endothelial cells and prevents their interaction with selectin-E ligand-expressing cancer cells. This may prevent tumor cell activation, migration and metastasis. GMI-1271 also interferes with the binding of selectin E-expressing vascular endothelial cells to selectin-E ligand-expressing monocytes and neutrophils, thereby disrupting their activation. Consequently, this inhibits both the activation of the coagulation cascade and thrombus formation. This agent also prevents both leukocyte activation and inflammation. E-selectin is a cell adhesion molecule involved in cell rolling, signaling and chemotaxis; it also plays a crucial role in inflammatory processes and cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GMI-1271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UPROLESELAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Uproleselan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Uproleselan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896849"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PE952ANF83"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767121"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767121"}]}}{"C84870":{"preferredName":"Uprosertib","code":"C84870","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Uprosertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Furancarboxamide, N-((1S)-2-Amino-1-((3,4-difluorophenyl)methyl)ethyl)-5-chloro-4-(4-chloro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2141795","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Akt Inhibitor GSK2141795","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UPROSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Uprosertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Uprosertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830127"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1047634-65-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZXM835LQ5E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648336"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648336"}]}}{"C91083":{"preferredName":"Uracil Ointment","code":"C91083","definitions":[{"description":"A 0.1% topical formulation of uracil used potentially to lower the incidence of hand-foot syndrome (HFS) (or palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia) during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or 5-FU prodrug capecitabine chemotherapy. Upon local administration of uracil ointment to the skin, uracil competes with capecitabine or 5-FU as substrates for the activating enzyme thymidine phosphorylase and the metabolizing enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase. This may prevent the production of 5-FU as well as the breakdown of 5-FU into the toxic metabolites locally. As the 5-FU metabolites are responsible for the presentation of HFS, inhibiting their formation may prevent this adverse effect. By applying a high concentration of uracil locally, the skin toxicities of 5-FU may be countered while preserving the systemic anti-cancer activity of the 5FU.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uracil Ointment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416292"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670894"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670894"}]}}{"C62449":{"preferredName":"Urelumab","code":"C62449","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the CD137 receptor with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD137 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to and activates CD137-expressing immune cells, stimulating an immune response, in particular a cytotoxic T cell response, against tumor cells. CD137 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/nerve growth factor (NGF) family of receptors and is expressed by activated T- and B-lymphocytes and monocytes; its ligand has been found to play an important role in the regulation of immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-663513","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4, Anti-(Human Receptor 4-1BB) (Human Gamma-Chain), Disulfide with Human Kappa-Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"URELUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Urelumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Urelumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831875"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"934823-49-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"230902QLLC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489120"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489120"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-CD137_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C162545":{"preferredName":"Uroacitides","code":"C162545","definitions":[{"description":"A mixture of peptides, organic acids, pigments, and phenylacetylglutamine isolated from healthy human urine with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, uroacitides, also known as cell differentiation agent II (CDA-II) may inhibit telomerase activity in tumor cells. This may lead to an accumulation of tumor cells in G1 phase and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDA-II","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cell Differentiation Agent II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uroacitides","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[]}}{"C91709":{"preferredName":"Urokinase-Derived Peptide A6","code":"C91709","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. A6 is a small piece of a protein called urokinase (an enzyme that dissolves blood clots or prevents them from forming). It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent and a type of antimetastatic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An octapeptide (amino acids 136-143) derived from the proteolytic enzyme urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), with potential antineoplastic activity. A6 is derived from the nonreceptor-binding domain and connecting region of urokinase. Administration of A6 inhibits the interaction of uPA with its receptor uPAR, and may inhibit endothelial cell motility and tumor cell invasion. uPA and uPAR promote extracellular matrix degradation and growth factor activation and correlate positively with angiogenesis, cancer cell invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"A6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urokinase-Derived Peptide A6","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Urokinase-Derived Peptide A6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"uPA-derived Peptide A6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA)-derived peptide A6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433998"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"377541"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"377541"}]}}{"C116619":{"preferredName":"Utomilumab","code":"C116619","definitions":[{"description":"A human, agonistic immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting 4-1BB (CD137, TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, utomilumab binds to and activates 4-1BB expressed on various immune cells, such as CD8-positive and CD4-positive T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances 4-1BB-mediated signaling, induces cytokine production and promotes anti-tumor immune responses. 4-1BB, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/nerve growth factor (NGF) family of receptors, plays an important role in the regulation of immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PF 05082566","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 5082566","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-05082566","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-2566","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UTOMILUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Utomilumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Utomilumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3529795"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1417318-27-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6YY8O697VF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696781"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696781"}]}}{"C61069":{"preferredName":"V930 Vaccine","code":"C61069","definitions":[{"description":"A novel cancer vaccine designed to treat HER-2- and/or CEA-expressing cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"V930 Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831771"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473030"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473030"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"V930_Vaccine"}]}}{"C91100":{"preferredName":"VEGF Inhibitor PTC299","code":"C91100","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) synthesis with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. VEGF inhibitor PTC299 targets post-transcriptionally by selectively binding the 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions (UTR) of VEGF messenger RNA (mRNA), thereby preventing translation of VEGF. This inhibits VEGF protein production and decreases its levels in the tumor and bloodstream. In turn, this may result in the inhibition of migration, proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, microvessel formation, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and eventually the induction of tumor cell death. VEGFs are upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and play key roles during angiogenesis. In addition, PTC299 may enhance the antitumor activity of other chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PTC299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGF Inhibitor PTC299","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"VEGF Inhibitor PTC299","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984037"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564407"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564407"}]}}{"C117236":{"preferredName":"VEGF/HGF-targeting DARPin MP0250","code":"C117236","definitions":[{"description":"A designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPin)-based agent targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Compared to antibodies, DARPins are small in size, have favorable pharmacokinetics and allow for both high affinity binding and efficacy. Upon administration, the VEGF/HGF-targeting DARPin MP0250 binds to and inhibits both HGF and VEGF. This prevents HGF- and VEGF-mediated signaling, and inhibits the growth of HGF/VEGF-overexpressing tumor cells. This agent also prevents osteolysis, due to the inhibitory effect on HGF signaling. HGF and VEGF are overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types and are associated with increased cell proliferation, migration and adhesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bispecific VEGF/HGF-targeting Darpin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP-0250","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MP0250","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGF/HGF-targeting DARPin MP0250","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"VEGF/HGF-targeting DARPin MP0250","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474108"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UGI01OSA4N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763220"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763220"}]}}{"C88267":{"preferredName":"VEGFR Inhibitor KRN951","code":"C88267","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable quinoline-urea derivative inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) 1 and 2 with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. VEGFR inhibitor KRN951 inhibits VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFRs 1 and 2, which may result in inhibition of migration, proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, microvessel formation, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and tumor cell death. Expression of VEGFRs may be upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KRN951","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-{2-Chloro-4-[(6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolyl)oxy]phenyl}-N'-(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl) Urea Hydrochloride Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR Inhibitor KRN951","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2976524"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655018"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655018"}]}}{"C99378":{"preferredName":"VEGFR-2 DNA Vaccine VXM01","code":"C99378","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available DNA cancer vaccine containing an attenuated strain of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium encoding murine vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) (VXM01), with potential immunomodulating, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration and successful transduction, VEGFR-2 DNA vaccine VXM01 expresses VEGFR-2 in addition to inducing the expression of T-cell activation markers, such as CD25, interleukin-2, the early T-cell activation antigen CD69 and the lymphocyte function-associated antigen LFA-2. The immune response targets the fast growing VEGFR-2 expressing endothelial cells found in the tumor vasculature, thereby blocking angiogenesis which may ultimately inhibit tumor cell proliferation. VEGFR-2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed on proliferating endothelial cells in the tumor vasculature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VEGFR-2 DNA Vaccine VXM01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VXM01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433162"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"719728"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"719728"}]}}{"C118628":{"preferredName":"VEGFR/FGFR Inhibitor ODM-203","code":"C118628","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the human vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. VEGFR/FGFR inhibitor ODM-203 inhibits both VEGFRs and FGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of VEGFR- and FGFR-mediated signaling. This leads to an inhibition of angiogenesis and cell proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing VEGFR and/or FGFR. Both VEGFRs and FGFRs belong to the superfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases and are upregulated in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ODM 203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM-203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR/FGFR Inhibitor ODM-203","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896799"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765615"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765615"}]}}{"C79794":{"preferredName":"VEGFR/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-593","code":"C79794","definitions":[{"description":"An oral formulation containing a small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor of both vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. TAK-593 selectively binds to and inhibits VEGFR and PDGFR, which may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TAK-593","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-593","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"VEGFR/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-593","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703162"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"618858"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"618858"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"VEGFR_PDGFR_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_TAK-593"}]}}{"C97950":{"preferredName":"VEGFR2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-00337210","code":"C97950","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available ATP-competitive inhibitor of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), with potential anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the VEGFR2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor PF-00337210 selectively binds to VEGFR2 and prevents its phosphorylation which may result in an inhibition of migration, proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, microvessel formation, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and may eventually cause tumor cell death. VEGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is frequently overexpressed by a variety of tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PF-00337210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-00337210","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"VEGFR2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-00337210","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3253799"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709389"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709389"}]}}{"C61507":{"preferredName":"VEGFR2/PDGFR/c-Kit/Flt-3 Inhibitor SU014813","code":"C61507","definitions":[{"description":"An orally-active, tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. SU014813 binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) alpha and beta, c-Kit and Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt-3). This leads to an inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis and an induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VEGFR2/PDGFR/c-Kit/Flt-3 Inhibitor SU014813","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831849"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486831"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"SU014813"}]}}{"C2016":{"preferredName":"VGEF Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 220","code":"C2016","definitions":[{"description":"A mixed-backbone antisense oligonucleotide that is complementary to a pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA sequence. Because of its antiangiogenic properties, GEM 220 has been studied as a potential antineoplastic agent. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GEM 220","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gene Expression Modulator 220","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VGEF Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 220","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1517360"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"GEM_220"}]}}{"C49090":{"preferredName":"VGEFR/c-kit/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL820","code":"C49090","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. XL820 binds to and inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), c-kit, and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). In tumor models of breast carcinomas, gliomas, and leukemia, this agent exhibits dose-dependent growth inhibition and has been shown to cause tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VGEFR/c-kit/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL820","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL 820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1710687"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"452042"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"452042"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"XL820"}]}}{"C126422":{"preferredName":"VLP-encapsulated TLR9 Agonist CMP-001","code":"C126422","definitions":[{"description":"An agent composed of an unmethylated CpG motif-rich G10 oligonucleotide, which is an agonist of toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), encapsulated in noninfectious virus-like particles (VLPs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of CMP-001, the VLPs are specifically taken up by and release the oligonucleotide into antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). In turn, the oligonucleotide binds to and activates intracellular TLR9. This stimulates immune signaling pathways, induces the innate immune system and may promote the immune system to attack tumor cells. VLPs stimulate the immune system. TLR9, a member of the TLR family, plays a key role in both pathogen recognition and the activation of innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARB-1598","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMP-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYT 003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYT-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VLP-encapsulated TLR9 Agonist CMP-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"VLP-encapsulated TLR9 Agonist CMP-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504961"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779977"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779977"}]}}{"C2542":{"preferredName":"Vaccine-Sensitized Draining Lymph Node Cells","code":"C2542","definitions":[{"description":"Cells isolated from lymph nodes from patients, and activated in vitro to generate tumor-specific effector T cells. Lymph nodes in the lymphatics draining tumors often contain T cells that are immunologically sensitized but functionally deficient. Vaccine-sensitized draining lymph node cells are prepared by isolating these lymphocytes in vitro and stimulating them with cytokines to differentiate into mature effector cells. Vaccine-draining lymph node cells may also be produced by pharmacological activation of lymph node-derived lymphocytes with drugs such as ionomycin or with bacterial toxin; these activated lymphocytes may be expanded in culture with cytokines such as interleukin-2 prior to infusion into the patient. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VDLN Cells","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaccine-Sensitized Draining Lymph Node Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879357"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43655"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43655"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vaccine-Sensitized_Draining_Lymph_Node_Cells"}]}}{"C102748":{"preferredName":"Vaccinium myrtillus/Macleaya cordata/Echinacea angustifolia Extract Granules","code":"C102748","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary suspension formulation prepared from granules of standardized extracts from the fruits of Vaccinium myrtillus, the aerial parts of Macleaya cordata and the roots of Echinacea angustifolia, with potential anti-mucositis, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. The main active ingredients of this formulation include anthocyanosides and procyanidins, benzophenanthridinic alkaloids, and alkylamides from V. myrtillus, M. cordata and E. angustifolia extracts, respectively. Upon administration in the mucosal cavity, the anthocyanosides scavenge free radicals, form a protective barrier on the mucosa, and protect the integrity of the capillary vessels; the benzophenanthridine alkaloids prevent the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting NF-kB and may halt the growth of microorganisms; the alkylamides inhibit cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase thereby blocking productions of prostaglandin and leukotriene. Furthermore, alkylamides modulate the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha and other cytokines involved in inflammation processes through cannabinoid type 2 receptors and as cannabinomimetics they may also exert analgesic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Samital Granules","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V. myrtillus/M. cordata/E. angustfolia Extract Granules","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaccinium myrtillus/Macleaya cordata/Echinacea angustifolia Extract Granules","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vaccinium myrtillus/Macleaya cordata/Echinacea angustifolia Extract Granules","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437005"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735790"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735790"}]}}{"C116357":{"preferredName":"Vactosertib","code":"C116357","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta receptor type 1 (TGFBR1), also known as activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, vactosertib inhibits the activity of TGFBR1 and prevents TGF-beta/TGFBR1-mediated signaling. This suppresses tumor growth in TGFBR1-overexpressing tumor cells. TGFBR1, which is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. Expression of TGF-beta promotes tumor cell proliferation, enhances the migration of tumor cells and suppresses the response of the host immune system to tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TEW-7197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEW7197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFBR1 Inhibitor TEW-7197","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VACTOSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vactosertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473674"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6T4O391P5Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762093"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762093"}]}}{"C133718":{"preferredName":"Vadacabtagene Leraleucel","code":"C133718","definitions":[{"description":"Genetically modified CD3-positive-enriched autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a replication incompetent gamma retroviral vector expressing a chimeric T-cell antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv), fused to the extracellular, transmembrane and intracellular signaling domains of the T-cell co-stimulatory receptor CD28 and the cytoplasmic signaling domain of the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (CAR19-28z), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, vadacabtagene leraleucel,is directed to CD19-expressing tumor cells, and, upon binding to the T-cells, induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. The CD28 co-stimulatory molecule signaling domain enhances activation and signaling after recognition of CD19. The inclusion of the CD28 signaling domain may increase proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity compared to the inclusion of the CD3-zeta chain alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD28/zeta Modified CAR CD3+ T Lymphocytes JCAR015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCAR 015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCAR 15","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCAR015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VADACABTAGENE LERALEUCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vadacabtagene Leraleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Clinical trial NCT02973191 has been terminated due to incidence of neurotoxicity and related deaths. 04/18/2017"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520442"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A4O2H9W17Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788214"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788214"}]}}{"C111039":{"preferredName":"Vadastuximab Talirine","code":"C111039","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody that is engineered to contain cysteine residues that are conjugated to the synthetic, DNA cross-linking, pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer SGD-1882, via the protease-cleavable linker maleimidocaproyl-valine-alanine dipeptide, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of vadastuximab talirine specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD33. This causes the internalization of SGN-CD33A, and the release of the cytotoxic moiety SGD-1882. SGD-1882 binds to and crosslinks DNA, which results in both cell cycle arrest and the induction of apoptosis in CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33, a transmembrane receptor, is expressed on myeloid leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SGN-CD33A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VADASTUXIMAB TALIRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vadastuximab Talirine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vadastuximab Talirine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL453546"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1436390-64-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T13V17U431"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751848"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751848"}]}}{"C2504":{"preferredName":"Vadimezan","code":"C2504","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is a type of angiogenesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fused tricyclic analogue of flavone acetic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Vadimezan induces the cytokines tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-alpha), serotonin and nitric oxide, resulting in hemorrhagic necrosis and a decrease in angiogenesis. This agent also stimulates the anti-tumor activity of tumor-associated macrophages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,6-Dimethylxanthenone-4-Acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,6-MexXAA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASA404","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMXAA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethyloxoxanthene Acetic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethylxanthenone Acetic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VADIMEZAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vadimezan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vadimezan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dimethylxanthenone acetic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"640488"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2930490"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"117570-53-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0829J8133H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43320"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43320"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H14O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dimethylxanthenone_Acetic_Acid"}]}}{"C29536":{"preferredName":"Valproic Acid","code":"C29536","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat epileptic seizures and bipolar disorder and to prevent migraine headaches. It is also being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It blocks an enzyme that cells need to grow and may cause cancer cells to die. It also blocks the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of anticonvulsant, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, antimaniacal, migraine headache prophylactic, and antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of propylpentanoic acid with antiepileptic properties and potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenesis activities. In epilepsy, valproic acid appears to act by increasing the concentration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. This agent's antitumor and antiangiogenesis activities may be related to the inhibition of histone deacetylases and nitric oxide synthase, which results in the inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propylpentanoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Propylvaleric Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depakene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Depakene","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Di-n-propylacetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stavzor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VALPROIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Valproate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Valproic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Valproic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Valproic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"valproic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"93819"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042291"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"99-66-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Epilepsy; Mania; Migraine"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"614OI1Z5WI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350047"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350047"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H16O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Valproic_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:39867"}]}}{"C1340":{"preferredName":"Valrubicin","code":"C1340","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat bladder cancer that does not respond to BCG (Bacillus Calmette Guerin). It is an anthracycline and is a type of antitumor antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin. With a mechanism of action that appears to differ from doxorubicin, valrubicin is converted intracytoplasmically into N-trifluoroacetyladriamycin, which interacts with topoisomerase II, stabilizing the complex between the enzyme and DNA; consequently, DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis are inhibited and the cell cycle is arrested in the G2 phase. In addition, this agent accumulates in the cell cytoplasm where it inhibits protein kinase C (PKC). Valrubicin is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin when administered systemically; applied topically, this agent shows excellent tissue penetration. Structurally, the trifluoro-acetyl moiety on the amino group of the glycoside and the valerate moiety appear to result in a lipophilicity that is greater than of doxorubicin, resulting in increased intracytoplasmic concentrations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AD 32","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AD 32","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"AD 32","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AD-32","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-valerate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-Trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-valerate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VALRUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Valrubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Valrubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Valstar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Valtaxin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"valrubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"246131"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0068314"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"56124-62-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2C6NUM6878"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39135"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H36F3NO13"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Valrubicin"}]}}{"C1405":{"preferredName":"Valspodar","code":"C1405","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied for its ability to prevent or overcome the resistance of tumor cells to some anticancer drugs. It belongs to the family of drugs called cyclosporine analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An analogue of cyclosporin-A. Valspodar inhibits p-glycoprotein, the multidrug resistance efflux pump, thereby restoring the retention and activity of some drugs in some drug-resistant tumor cells. This agent also induces caspase-mediated apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-[(2S,4R,6E)-4-Methyl-2-(methylamino)-3-oxo-6-octenoic Acid]cyclosporin D","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"6-[(2S,4R,6E)-4-Methyl-2-(methylamino)-3-oxo-6-octenoic Acid]cyclosporin D","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amdray","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclo((2S,4R,6E)-4-methyl-2-(methylamino)-3-oxo-6-octenoyl)-L-valyl-N-methylglycyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-L-valyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-L-alanyl-D-alanyl-N-me","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSC 833","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PSC-833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSC833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SZD PSC 833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VALSPODAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"VP16","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Valspodar","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Valspodar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"648265"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0753474"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"121584-18-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q7ZP55KF3X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41750"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41750"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C63H111N11O12"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Valspodar"}]}}{"C2737":{"preferredName":"Vandetanib","code":"C2737","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of lung cancer and other types of cancer. It may block the growth and spread of tumor cells and prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. Vandetanib is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable 4-anilinoquinazoline. Vandetanib selectively inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), thereby blocking VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell proliferation and migration and reducing tumor vessel permeability. This agent also blocks the tyrosine kinase activity of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a receptor tyrosine kinase that mediates tumor cell proliferation and migration and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD6474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Caprelsa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VANDETANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vandetanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Vandetanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vandetanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD-6474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD6474","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ZD6474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zactima","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Zactima","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vandetanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1384659"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"443913-73-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Thyroid Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YO460OQ37K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269177"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269177"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H24BrFN4O2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ZD-6474"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:49960"}]}}{"C150384":{"preferredName":"Vandetanib-eluting Radiopaque Bead BTG-002814","code":"C150384","definitions":[{"description":"Radiopaque drug-eluting beads (DEBs) that are loaded with vandetanib, a dual inhibitor of both vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic, anti-angiogenic and imaging activities. Upon intra-arterial hepatic artery administration of vandetanib (VTB)-eluting Radiopaque beads (VERBs) BTG-002814, the DEBs occlude the tumor blood vessels and deprive tumor cells of oxygen and nutrients, thereby causing hepatic arterial embolization and direct tumor cell death. The VERBs release vandetanib from the beads in a sustained manner. Vandetanib selectively inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of both VEGFR and EGFR, thereby blocking both VEGF/VEGFR- and EGF/EGFR-stimulated signaling and inhibiting cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in VEGFR/EGFR-expressing hepatic tumor cells. The DEBs, controlled release microspherical devices, cause low systemic exposure and prevent systemic toxicity of vandetanib. DEBs also deliver high concentrations of vandetanib in the tumor for a controlled and extended period of time. Use of radiopaque DEBs allows for visualization of both the bead location and the degree of embolization upon imaging.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTG-002814","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERB BTG-002814","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VTB-loaded Beads","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vandetanib-eluting Radiopaque Bead BTG-002814","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vandetanib-eluting Radiopaque Embolic Beads","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552167"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792793"}]}}{"C116748":{"preferredName":"Vandortuzumab Vedotin","code":"C116748","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the six transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 1 (STEAP1), and conjugated, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of vandortuzumab vedotin, the monoclonal antibody moiety of vandortuzumab vedotin binds to STEAP1-expressing tumor cells and is internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Proteolytic cleavage releases MMAE, which then binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. STEAP1, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DSTP3086S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSTP2109A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thio-anti-STEAP1-MC-vc-PAB-MMAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VANDORTUZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vandortuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vandortuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433770"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"44OUQ00D1U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694576"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694576"}]}}{"C96799":{"preferredName":"Vantictumab","code":"C96799","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the Wnt signaling pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, vantictumab binds to certain receptors in the Wnt signaling pathway thereby preventing the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. This may result in an inhibition of cancer stem cell (CSC) activity and a subsequent inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. The Wnt signaling pathway is dysregulated in many cancer cell types and appears to play a major role in CSC regulation and activity; CSC are tumor initiating cells that are able to self-renew and are responsible for tumor growth and resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OMP-18R5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VANTICTUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vantictumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vantictumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429406"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"88WBI2D80S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700131"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700131"}]}}{"C118578":{"preferredName":"Vanucizumab","code":"C118578","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized bispecific immunoglobulin G (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting both the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) ligand VEGF-A and the Tie2 receptor ligand angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration of vanucizumab, the anti-VEGF-A arm, which is based on bevacizumab, targets and binds to VEGF-A and the anti-Ang2 arm, which is based on the anti-Ang-2 antibody LC06, targets and binds to Ang2, thereby simultaneously binding and neutralizing both VEGF-A and Ang2. This prevents the activation of both VEGF-A/VEGFR- and Ang2/Tie2-mediated signaling pathways. Altogether, this results in the inhibition of proliferation of VEGF-A- and/or Ang2-overexpressing tumor cells. VEGF-A and Ang2, both upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ang2-VEGF-A CrossMab RO5520985","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Recombined G1-kappa/lambda, Anti-(Homo sapiens Angpt2 (Angiopoietin 2, Ang2))/Anti-Homo sapiens VEGFa (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, VEGF-a, VEGF)), Humanized Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5520985","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5520985","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VANUCIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vanucizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vanucizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446653"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1448221-05-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B800Z06O8K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1429":{"preferredName":"Vapreotide","code":"C1429","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called somatostatin analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic cyclic octapeptide analogue of somatostatin with direct and indirect antitumor effects. Vapreotide binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTR), specifically SSTR-2 and to SSTR-5 with a lesser affinity, in the similar behaviors as other octapeptide somatostatin analogues. Like octreotide, this agent has direct and indirect antitumor effects via inhibiting the release of growth hormone and other peptides that regulate release of insulin, gastrointestinal hormones. Furthermore, vapreotide may also be useful for inducing hemostasis in cases of acute hemorrhage of the upper gastrointestinal tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMY-41606","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docrised","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RC-160","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAPREOTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vapreotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vapreotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"16917205"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0164678"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"103222-11-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2PK59M9GFF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38258"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C57H70N12O9S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vapreotide"}]}}{"C99127":{"preferredName":"Varlilumab","code":"C99127","definitions":[{"description":"A human agonistic monoclonal antibody (MoAb) specific for CD27, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of varlilumab, this MoAb binds to CD27 and may potentiate the immune response by increasing the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD27-expressing tumor cells. This may lead to growth inhibition of CD27-expressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent may increase the proliferation and activation of antigen-specific T lymphocytes upon co-administration of TAA-containing vaccines, such as dendritic cell vaccines. CD27, a co-stimulatory molecule and member of the tumor necrosis factor family overexpressed in certain tumor cell types, is constitutively expressed on mature T-lymphocytes, memory B cells and natural killer cells and plays an important role in NK cell mediated cytolytic activity and T and B lymphocyte proliferation and activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDX 1127","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-1127","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human CD Antigen CD27) (Human Monoclonal CDX-1127 Clone 1f5 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal CDX-1127 Clone 1f5 Kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VARLILUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Varlilumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Varlilumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432946"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1393344-72-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0125DUV5XC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715751"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715751"}]}}{"C62530":{"preferredName":"Varlitinib","code":"C62530","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor family with potential antineoplastic activity. Varlitinib selectively and reversibly binds to both EGFR (ErbB-1) and Her-2/neu (ErbB-2) and prevents their phosphorylation and activation, which may result in inhibition of the associated signal transduction pathways, inhibition of cellular proliferation and cell death. EGFR and Her-2 play important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation and are upregulated in various human tumor cell types. Due to the dual inhibition of both EGFR and Her-2, this agent may be therapeutically more effective than agents that inhibit EGFR or Her-2 alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARRY-334543","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VARLITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Varlitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Varlitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831861"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"845272-21-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"846Y8197W1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487532"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487532"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H19ClN6O2S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ARRY-334543"}]}}{"C95226":{"preferredName":"Varlitinib Tosylate","code":"C95226","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate salt form of varlitinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor family with potential antineoplastic activity. Varlitinib selectively and reversibly binds to both EGFR (ErbB-1) and Her-2/neu (ErbB-2) and prevents their phosphorylation and activation, which may result in inhibition of the associated signal transduction pathways, inhibition of cellular proliferation and cell death. EGFR and Her-2 play important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation and are upregulated in various human tumor cell types. Due to the dual inhibition of both EGFR and Her-2, this agent may be therapeutically more effective than agents that inhibit EGFR or Her-2 alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4,6-Quinazolinediamine, N(Sup 4)-(3-Chloro-4-(2-Thiazolylmethoxy)Phenyl)-N(Sup 6)-((4r)-4,5-Dihydro-4-Methyl-2-Oxazolyl)-, 4-Methylbenzenesulphonate (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-N-(3-Chloro-4-(Thiazol-2-Ylmethoxy)Phenyl)-6-N-((4r)-4-Methyl-4,5-Dihydrooxazol-2- Yl)Quinazoline-4,6-Diamine Bis(4-Methylbenzenesulphonate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AR00334543 Ditosilate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AR00334543 Ditosylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY-334543 Ditosylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY-543 Ditosilate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY-543 Ditosylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VARLITINIB TOSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Varlitinib Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987008"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1146629-86-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V4M8FWS152"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793457"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793457"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H19ClN6O2S.2C7H8O3S"}]}}{"C162343":{"preferredName":"Vascular Disrupting Agent BNC105","code":"C162343","definitions":[{"description":"A vascular disrupting agent (VDA), with potential anti-vascular and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vascular disrupting agent BNC105 binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in a blockage of mitotic spindle formation, cell cycle arrest, and disruption of the tumor vasculature. This deprives tumor cells of nutrients and results in tumor cell apoptosis. In addition to its VDA activity, this agent has a direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells by inhibiting tubulin polymerization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methyl-7-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-6-methoxybenzofuran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNC 105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNC-105","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BNC-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNC105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vascular Disrupting Agent BNC105","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"945771-74-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z3S2Z6H7B0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C88338":{"preferredName":"Vascular Disrupting Agent BNC105P","code":"C88338","definitions":[{"description":"A benzofuran-based vascular disrupting agent (VDA) prodrug with potential anti-vascular and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration vascular disrupting agent BNC105P, the disodium phosphate ester of BNC105, is rapidly converted to BNC105; in activated endothelial cells, BNC105 binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which may result in a blockage of mitotic spindle formation, cell cycle arrest, and disruption of the tumor vasculature. Hypoxic conditions ensue, depriving tumor cells of nutrients and resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. In addition to its VDA activity, this agent has a direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells by inhibiting tubulin polymerization. BNC105 is not a substrate for the multidrug-resistance P-glycoprotein (Pgp) transporter.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BNC105P","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vascular Disrupting Agent BNC105P","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vascular Disrupting Agent BNC105P","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981856"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662727"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662727"}]}}{"C2736":{"preferredName":"Vascular Disrupting Agent ZD6126","code":"C2736","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that has been studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. ZD6126 destroys blood vessels in tumors and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of vascular targeting agent and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A water-soluble phosphate prodrug of N-acetylcolchinol with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. ZD-6126 is converted in vivo into N-acetylcolchinol. N-acetylcolchinol binds to and destabilizes the tubulin cytoskeleton of endothelial cells in tumor blood vessels, which may result in tumor endothelial cell apoptosis, the selective occlusion of tumor blood vessels, cessation of tumor blood flow, and tumor necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANG453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[(5S)-6,7-Dihydro-9,10,11-trimethoxy-3-(phosphonooxy)-5H-dibenzo[a,c]cyclohepten-5-yl]acetamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"N-[(5S)-6,7-Dihydro-9,10,11-trimethoxy-3-(phosphonooxy)-5H-dibenzo[a,c]cyclohepten-5-yl]acetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-acetylcochinol-O-phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vascular Disrupting Agent ZD6126","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD-6126","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ZD-6126","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD6126","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ZD6126","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZM-445526","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18219445"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1122628"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"219923-05-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GBO3S6M9W7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"353153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"353153"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H24NO8P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ZD-6126"}]}}{"C1868":{"preferredName":"Vatalanib","code":"C1868","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors and VEGF receptor kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable anilinophthalazine with potential antineoplastic activity. Vatalanib binds to and inhibits the protein kinase domain of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2; both receptor tyrosine kinases are involved in angiogenesis. This agent also binds to and inhibits related receptor tyrosine kinases, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor, c-Kit, and c-Fms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGP 79787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP-79787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-(4-pyridinylmethyl)-1-phthalazinamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTK787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTK787/ZK 222584","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VATALANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vatalanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vatalanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZK-232934","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vatalanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"719335"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0912586"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"212141-54-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5DX9U76296"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43530"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43530"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H15ClN4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PTK787"}]}}{"C74945":{"preferredName":"Vatalanib Succinate","code":"C74945","definitions":[{"description":"The succinate salt of vatalanib, an anilinophthalazine derivative, with antineoplastic activity. Vatalanib binds to and inhibits the protein kinase domain of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2; both receptor tyrosine kinases are involved in angiogenesis. This agent also binds to and inhibits related receptor tyrosine kinases, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor, c-Kit, and c-Fms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-[4-Chloroanilino]-4-[4-pyridylmethyl]phthalazine Succinate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanedioic Acid, Compd. with N-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-(4-pyridinylmethyl)-1-phthalazinamine (1:1)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"CGP 79787D","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTK 787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTK-787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTK787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VATALANIB SUCCINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vatalanib Succinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZK 222584","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1524078"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"212142-18-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V5FUB77031"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H15ClN4.C4H6O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vatalanib_Succinate"}]}}{"C136416":{"preferredName":"Vecabrutinib","code":"C136416","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available second-generation, reversible inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, vecabrutinib non-covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of both wild-type and the C481S mutated form of BTK, a resistance mutation in the BTK active site in which cysteine is substituted for serine at residue 481. This prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. Compared to other BTK inhibitors, SNS-062 does not require interaction with the BTK C481 site and inhibits the proliferation of cells harboring the BTK C481S mutation. Other irreversible BTK inhibitors covalently bind to the C481 site to inhibit BTK's activity; the C481S mutation prevents that binding. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIIB-062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIIB062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSK-4841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FP-182","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS 062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS-062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VECABRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vecabrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vecabrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523719"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PQ7O0OB5GU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789221"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789221"}]}}{"C70971":{"preferredName":"Vector-peptide Conjugated Paclitaxel","code":"C70971","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary conjugate of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Similar to the free drug, the paclitaxel moiety in vector-peptide conjugated paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, promoting assembly of microtubules and inhibiting tubulin disassembly which results in the inhibition of cell division. The Kunitz domain-derived vector-peptide carries the conjugated paclitaxel through the blood brain barrier (BBB), bypassing the transmembrane p-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump, which may result in higher concentrations of paclitaxel in the brain parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Taxol-Angiopep Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vector-peptide Conjugated Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2349111"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574047"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574047"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vector-peptide_Conjugated_Paclitaxel"}]}}{"C95798":{"preferredName":"Vedolizumab","code":"C95798","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human lymphocyte Peyer's patch adhesion molecule 1 (LPAM-1; alpha4beta7; a4b7), with immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vedolizumab selectively binds to integrin a4b7 and prevents the binding of a4b7, expressed on the surface of a subset of T-lymphocytes, to its natural ligand, mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1), which is mainly expressed on the surface of gut endothelial cells. This prevents a4b7-mediated signaling, adhesion of lymphocytes to the endothelium and the migration of T-lymphocytes across the endothelium into inflamed gastrointestinal (GI) tissue. By preventing this infiltration to the affected area, inflammation is reduced. The human lymphocyte a4b7 integrin, plays a key role in gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation; it is overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells. The alpha4beta7/MAdCAM-1 signaling pathway plays a critical role in the homing of T-lymphocytes to intestinal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Entyvio","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Integrin LPAM-1 (Lymphocyte Peyer's Patch Adhesion Molecule 1)) (Human-Mus musculus Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mus musculus kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, anti-(human integrin LPAM-1 (lymphocyte Peyer's patch adhesion molecule 1)) (human-Mus musculus heavy chain), disulfide with human-Mus musculus kappa-chain, dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDP 02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDP-02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDP02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN0002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEDOLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vedolizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vedolizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742797"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"943609-66-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9RV78Q2002"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781604"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781604"}]}}{"C60768":{"preferredName":"Veliparib","code":"C60768","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of breast cancers caused by mutations (changes) in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks an enzyme involved in many functions of the cell, including the repair of DNA damage. DNA damage may be caused by normal cell actions, UV light, some anticancer drugs, and radiation used to treat cancer. ABT-888 may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) -1 and -2 inhibitor with chemosensitizing and antitumor activities. With no antiproliferative effects as a single agent at therapeutic concentrations, ABT-888 inhibits PARPs, thereby inhibiting DNA repair and potentiating the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents. PARP nuclear enzymes are activated by DNA single or double strand breaks, resulting in the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of other nuclear DNA binding proteins involved in DNA repair; poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation contributes to efficient DNA repair and to survival of proliferating cells exposed to mild genotoxic stresses as induced by as oxidants, alkylating agents or ionizing radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-((R)-2-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-1H-benzimidazole-4-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-888","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ABT-888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP-1 inhibitor ABT-888","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VELIPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Veliparib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Veliparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"veliparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"737664"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1958300"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"912444-00-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"01O4K0631N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496464"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496464"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H16N4O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ABT-888"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:62880"}]}}{"C48406":{"preferredName":"Veltuzumab","code":"C48406","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of lymphoma. It binds to the protein CD20, which is found on B cells (a type of immune system cell) and some types of lymphoma cells. This causes the immune system to kill the cancer cells. IMMU-106 is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Following binding, veltuzumab triggers complement-dependent cell lysis (CDCL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cells that overexpress CD20. CD20 antigen is a hydrophobic transmembrane protein located on pre-B and mature B lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody hA20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCD20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IMMU-106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IMMU-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb hA20","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody hA20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VELTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Veltuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Veltuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Veltuzumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hA20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"veltuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2746054"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"728917-18-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BPD4DGQ314"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"428486"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"428486"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_hA20"}]}}{"C64768":{"preferredName":"Vemurafenib","code":"C64768","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. BRAF (V600E) kinase is a mutated (changed) form of a cell protein called BRAF. It is found in several types of cancer, including melanoma (a type of skin cancer). Inhibiting this kinase may cause cancer cells to die. BRAF (V600E) kinase is a type of serine/threonine kinase inhibitor and a type of targeted therapy agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable, ATP-competitive, small-molecule inhibitor of BRAF(V600E) kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Vemurafenib selectively binds to the ATP-binding site of BRAF(V600E) kinase and inhibits its activity, which may result in an inhibition of an over-activated MAPK signaling pathway downstream in BRAF(V600E) kinase-expressing tumor cells and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. Approximately 90% of BRAF gene mutations involve a valine-to-glutamic acid mutation at residue 600 (V600E); the oncogene protein product, BRAF(V600E) kinase, exhibits a markedly elevated activity that over-activates the MAPK signaling pathway. The BRAF(V600E) gene mutation has been found to occur in approximately 60% of melanomas, and in about 8% of all solid tumors, including melanoma, colorectal, thyroid and other cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-propanesulfonamide, n-(3-((5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1h-pyrrolo(2,3-b)pyridin-3-yl)carbonyl)-2,4-difluorophenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRAF (V600E) kinase inhibitor RO5185426","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor RO5185426","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX-4032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX4032","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RG 7204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7204","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RG7204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 5185426","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEMURAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vemurafenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vemurafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zelboraf","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832009"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"918504-65-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Advanced Melanoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"207SMY3FQT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"528954"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"528954"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H18ClF2N3O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"PLX4032"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63637"}]}}{"C103147":{"preferredName":"Venetoclax","code":"C103147","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective small molecule inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Venetoclax mimics BH3-only proteins, the native ligands of Bcl-2 and apoptosis activators, by binding to the hydrophobic groove of Bcl-2 proteins thereby repressing Bcl-2 activity and restoring apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 protein is overexpressed in some cancers and plays an important role in the regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival. Compared to the Bcl-2 inhibitor navitoclax, this agent does not inhibit bcl-XL and does not cause bcl-XL-mediated thrombocytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(4-((2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-((3-nitro-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ylmethyl)amino)phenyl)sulfonyl)-2-(1H-pyrrolo(2,3-b)pyridin-5-yloxy)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-0199","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-199","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT199","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0199","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VENETOCLAX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Venclexta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Venclyxto","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Venetoclax","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Venetoclax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3659811"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1257044-40-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with 17p deletion and or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N54AIC43PW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698675"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698675"}]}}{"C928":{"preferredName":"Verapamil","code":"C928","definitions":[{"description":"A phenylalkylamine calcium channel blocking agent. Verapamil inhibits the transmembrane influx of extracellular calcium ions into myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells, causing dilatation of the main coronary and systemic arteries and decreasing myocardial contractility. This agent also inhibits the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein which is overexpressed in some multi-drug resistant tumors and may improve the efficacy of some antineoplastic agents. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VERAPAMIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Verapamil","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Verapamil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-[3-[[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]methylamino]propyl]-3,4-dimethoxy-alpha-(1-methylethyl)benzeneacetonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042523"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52-53-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CJ0O37KU29"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39730"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39730"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H38N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Verapamil"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9948"}]}}{"C2811":{"preferredName":"Verpasep Caltespen","code":"C2811","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the prevention of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called fusion proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant chimeric protein composed of the heat shock protein 65 (Hsp65) from Mycobacterium bovis, and the human papilloma viral (HPV) protein E7. Hsp65, similar to other members of its family of proteins, elicits a strong immune response and may be used to design vaccines against a number of different cancers. E7 protein is involved in carcinogenesis of anal and cervical tumors, and represents a tumor antigen that may be specifically targeted by lymphocytes. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCG65-E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bovine HSP fusion with E7 of HPV16","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV 16 E7/HSP65 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV E7 Peptide Epitope Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HspE7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"HspE7","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HspE7 Therapeutic Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"SGN-00101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SGN-00101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SGN-00101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERPASEP CALTESPEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Verpasep Caltespen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Verpasep Caltespen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"713219"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327844"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"295371-00-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z7T0JI2E2I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269165"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269165"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"HspE7"}]}}{"C96747":{"preferredName":"Verubulin","code":"C96747","definitions":[{"description":"A quinazoline derivative with potential antineoplastic activities. Verubulin binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization and interrupts microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and cell death. This agent is not a substrate for several subtypes of multidrug resistance ABC transporters, and may be useful for treating multidrug resistant tumors. In addition, as a vascular disrupting agent, verubulin disrupts tumor microvasculature specifically, which may result in acute ischemia and massive tumor cell death. In addition, verubulin is able to cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-quinazolinamine, N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N,2-dimethyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MX-128495","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N,2-dimethylquinazolin-4-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERUBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Verubulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2002404"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"827031-83-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X97O9FTB92"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H17N3O"}]}}{"C64782":{"preferredName":"Verubulin Hydrochloride","code":"C64782","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of verubulin, a quinazoline derivative with potential dual antineoplastic activities. Verubulin binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization and interrupts microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and cell death. This agent is not a substrate for several subtypes of multidrug resistance ABC transporters, such as P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), and breast cancer resistance protein 1 (BCRP1); therefore, it may be useful for treating multidrug resistant (MDR) tumors that express these transporters. In addition, as a vascular disrupting agent (VDA), verubulin appears to disrupt tumor microvasculature specifically, which may result in acute ischemia and massive tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Azixa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPC-6827","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microtubule Inhibitor MPC-6827","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-n,2-dimethylquinazolin-4-amine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERUBULIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Verubulin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Verubulin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832001"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"917369-31-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"33380QZ0QW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526176"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526176"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H17N3O.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"MPC-6827"}]}}{"C113653":{"preferredName":"Vesigenurtucel-L","code":"C113653","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic urothelial bladder cancer cell vaccine expressing a recombinant secretory form of the immunoadjuvant heat shock protein gp96 fused with an immunoglobulin Fc domain (gp96-Ig) protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of vesigenurtucel-L, the live, irradiated tumor cells continuously secrete gp96-Ig along with its chaperoned tumor associated antigens (TAAs). This enhances antigen cross presentation to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and, upon expansion, leads to the induction of a potent CTL response against the TAAs on the endogenous bladder cancer cells. This vaccine also induces a memory T cell response that could fight recurring cancer cells. gp96-Ig is constructed by replacing the KDEL endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention sequence of gp96 with the Fc portion of the IgG1 protein. This allows for gp96, normally an ER-resident chaperone peptide, to be released from cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HS-410","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VESIGENURTUCEL-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vesigenurtucel-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458366"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9IE620X9FY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756851"}]}}{"C61073":{"preferredName":"Viagenpumatucel-L","code":"C61073","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, allogeneic tumor cell vaccine expressing a recombinant secretory form of the heat shock protein gp96 fusion (gp96-Ig) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of viagenpumatucel-L, the irradiated live tumor cells continuously secrete gp96-Ig along with its chaperoned tumor associated antigens (TAAs) into the blood stream, thereby activating antigen presenting cells, natural killer cells and priming potent cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) to respond against TAAs on the endogenous tumor cells. Furthermore, this vaccine may induce long-lived memory T cells that could fight recurring cancer cells. gp96-Ig is constructed by replacing the KDEL retention sequence of gp96, normally an endoplasmatic reticulum-resident chaperone peptide, with the Fc portion of mouse and human IgG1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gp96-Ig Fusion Protein-Expressing Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HS-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HS110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VIAGENPUMATUCEL-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Viagenpumatucel-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831778"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"13H90KC831"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473873"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473873"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Gp96-Ig_Fusion_Protein-Expressing_Non-Small_Cell_Lung_Cancer_Cell_Vaccine"}]}}{"C148505":{"preferredName":"Vilaprisan","code":"C148505","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available progestin and selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM), with potential anti-progesterone and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, vilaprisan competitively binds to the progesterone receptor (PR) in progesterone-responsive tissue and inhibits PR-mediated gene expression. This interferes with progesterone activity in the reproductive system and may inhibit PR-mediated proliferative effects in cells overexpressing PRs. As a result, this agent may suppress ovulation and inhibit proliferation of endometrial tissue or uterine fibroid formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S,11R,13S,14S,17S)-17-hydroxy-13-methyl-11-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-17-(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)-1,2,6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1002670","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1002670","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1002670","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VILAPRISAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vilaprisan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551037"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1262108-14-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IN59K53GI9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792636"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792636"}]}}{"C930":{"preferredName":"Vinblastine","code":"C930","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used together with other drugs to treat several types of cancer, including advanced Hodgkin lymphoma and advanced testicular germinal-cell cancers. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Vinblastine comes from the periwinkle plant Vinca rosea Linn. It blocks cell growth by stopping cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of vinca alkaloid and a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Vinca rosea Linn. Vinblastine binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and arrest of tumor cells in the M phase of the cell cycle. This agent may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca++ -transport ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VINBLASTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"VLB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vinblastine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vinblastine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincaleucoblastine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vinblastine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"90636"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042670"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"865-21-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Bladder cancer; Breast cancer; Choriocarcinoma; Germ cell tumors; Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura; Kaposi sarcoma; Letterer-Siwe disease; Various Lymphomas; Melanoma; Mycosis fungoides; Prostate cancer; Testicular cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5V9KLZ54CY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42951"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42951"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C46H58N4O9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vinblastine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27375"}]}}{"C931":{"preferredName":"Vinblastine Sulfate","code":"C931","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used with other drugs to treat several types of cancer, including advanced Hodgkin lymphoma and advanced testicular germinal-cell cancers. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Velban comes from the periwinkle plant Vinca rosea Linn. It blocks cell growth by stopping cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of vinca alkaloid and a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sulfate salt of vinblastine, a natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) with antineoplastic properties. Vinblastine disrupts microtubule formation and function during mitosis and interferes with glutamic acid metabolism. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"29060 LE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"29060-LE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"29060-LE","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Exal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINBLASTINE SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"VINBLASTINE SULFATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VINCALEUKOBLASTINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Velban","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Velban","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Velban","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Velbe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Velbe","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Velsar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vinblastine Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Vinblastine Sulfate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vinblastine Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vinblastine sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"49842"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042671"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"143-67-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N00W22YO2B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688303"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688303"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C46H58N4O9.H2O4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vinblastine_Sulfate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9984"}]}}{"C2104":{"preferredName":"Vincristine Liposomal","code":"C2104","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation of Vincristine designed to reduce toxicity and improve efficacy. Vincristine binds irreversibly to microtubules and spindle proteins in S phase of the cell cycle and interferes with the formation of the mitotic spindle, thereby arresting tumor cells in metaphase. This agent also depolymerizes microtubules and may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca++ -transport ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipid-Encapsulated Vincristine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Vincristine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onco TCS","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VincaXome","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincacine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincristine Liposomal","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vincristine Liposomal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincristine Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincristine, Liposomal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519991"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vincristine_Liposomal"}]}}{"C1739":{"preferredName":"Vincristine Sulfate","code":"C1739","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat acute leukemia. It is used in combination with other drugs to treat Hodgkin disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, and Wilms tumor. Oncovin is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks cell growth by stopping cell division. It is a type of vinca alkaloid and a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sulfate salt of a natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Catharanthus roseus (Vinca rosea L.) with antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Vincristine binds irreversibly to microtubules and spindle proteins in S phase of the cell cycle and interferes with the formation of the mitotic spindle, thereby arresting tumor cells in metaphase. This agent also depolymerizes microtubules and may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca(2+)-activated ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kyocristine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Kyocristine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leurocristine Sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leurocristine sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leurocristine, sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oncovin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Oncovin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oncovin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINCRISTINE SULFATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VINCRISTINE SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vincasar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincasar PFS","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincosid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincrex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincristine Sulfate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vincristine Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincristine, sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"vincristine sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"67574"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042680"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2068-78-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Neuroblastoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T5IRO3534A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42251"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42251"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C46H56N4O10.H2O4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vincristine_Sulfate"}]}}{"C2702":{"preferredName":"Vincristine Sulfate Liposome","code":"C2702","definitions":[{"description":"A sphingomyelin/cholesterol liposomal formulation of vincristine sulfate with potential antineoplastic activity. Vincristine, a vinca alkaloid isolated from the plant Vinca rosea, irreversibly binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby interrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, thereby preventing the formation of the mitotic spindle and leading to cell cycle arrest in metaphase. Liposomal encapsulation prolongs bioavailability of vincristine, increases its delivery to tumor tissues and reduces its toxicity profile. Compared to standard liposomal delivery, sphingosomal drug delivery further increases circulation time of serum drug and enhances drug accumulation at tumor sites, thereby leading to a further increase in efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Marqibo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincristine Sulfate Liposome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vincristine Sulfate Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935690"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38100"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38100"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vincristine_Sulfate_Liposomes"}]}}{"C934":{"preferredName":"Vindesine","code":"C934","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of plant drugs called vinca alkaloids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of vinblastine, a naturally occurring vinca alkaloid. Vindesine binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby interrupting tubulin polymerization and preventing the formation of the mitotic spindle and cell division; treated cells are unable to undergo mitosis and are arrested in metaphase. This agent also disrupts macromolecular synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(Aminocarbonyl)-O4-deacetyl-3-de-(methoxycarbonyl)vincaleukoblastine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compound 112531","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAVA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DAVA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DVA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deacetyl Vinblastine Carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deacetylvinblastine Carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desacetylvinblastine Amide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lilly CT-3231","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VDS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINDESINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VINDESINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vindesine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vindesine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042682"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53643-48-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RSA8KO39WH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39732"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39732"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C43H55N5O7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vindesine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:36373"}]}}{"C1274":{"preferredName":"Vinepidine","code":"C1274","definitions":[{"description":"A vinca alkaloid compound and semi-synthetic vincristine derivative with antineoplastic activity. Vinepidine binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby preventing tubulin polymerization and depolymerization, which result in microtubule assembly and disassembly, respectively. Treated cells are unable to complete mitosis process and are arrested in the metaphase, thereby leading to an inhibition of cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-Deoxyepivincristine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINEPIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vinepidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0078255"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"68170-69-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W3375J6V0Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C46H56N4O9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vinepidine"}]}}{"C61564":{"preferredName":"Vinflunine","code":"C61564","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of bladder cancer, lung cancer, and other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bi-fluorinated derivative of the semi-synthetic vinca alkaloid vinorelbine with antitubulin, antineoplastic, and antiangiogenic activities. Vinflunine inhibits tubulin assembly without any stablization of assembled microtubules at concentrations comparable to those of other vinca alkaloids such as vincristine, vinblastine and vinorelbine; this effect on microtubule dynamics results in cell cycle arrest in mitosis and apoptosis. Compared to other vinca alkaloids, this agent binds weakly to the vinca-binding site, indicating that vinflunine may exhibit reduced neurotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-Deoxy-20',20'-difluoro-C'-norvincaleukoblastine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINFLUNINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vinflunine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vinflunine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vinflunine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0672663"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"162652-95-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5BF646324K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"419548"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"419548"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C45H54F2N4O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vinflunine"}]}}{"C76266":{"preferredName":"Vinflunine Ditartrate","code":"C76266","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of bladder cancer, lung cancer, and other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The ditartrate salt of vinflunine, a bi-fluorinated derivative of the semisynthetic vinca alkaloid vinorelbine with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Vinflunine binds to tubulin and inhibits tubulin assembly and disrupts microtubule assembly dynamics. This results in cell cycle arrest in mitosis and an induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Javlor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VINFLUNINE DITARTRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vinflunine Ditartrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700251"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"194468-36-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"33MG53C7XW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C45H54F2N4O8.2C4H6O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vinflunine_Ditartrate"}]}}{"C2378":{"preferredName":"Vinfosiltine","code":"C2378","definitions":[{"description":"An aminophosphonate derivative of a vinca alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Vinfosiltine exerts its antineoplastic action just like its parent compound, vinblastine, by immobilizing tubulin molecules, thereby interrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. As a result, vinfosiltine prevents mitotic spindle formation and leads to cell cycle arrest in metaphase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"S12363","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINFOSILTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vincaleukoblastine, O4-Deacetyl-3-de(methoxycarbonyl)-3-(((1-(diethoxyphosphinyl)-2-methylpropyl)amin)carbonyl)-,(3(S))-,Sulfate(Salt)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vinfosiltine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0084429"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123286-00-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AW1UYE6Q9I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41716"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41716"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C51H72N5O10P"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vinfosiltine"}]}}{"C1275":{"preferredName":"Vinorelbine","code":"C1275","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of plant drugs called vinca alkaloids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic vinca alkaloid. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin and prevents formation of the mitotic spindle, resulting in the arrest of tumor cell growth in metaphase. This agent may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP. and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca++ -transport ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3',4'-Didehydro-4'-deoxy-C'-norvincaleukoblastine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5'-Nor-Anhydrovinblastine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydroxydeoxynorvinkaleukoblastine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINORELBINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nor-5'-Anhydrovinblastine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vinorelbine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0078257"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"71486-22-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; Cervical cancer; Non-small cell lung cancer; Ovarian cancer; Prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q6C979R91Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C45H54N4O8"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vinorelbine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:480999"}]}}{"C1395":{"preferredName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate","code":"C1395","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced non-small cell lung cancer. It blocks cell growth by stopping cell division and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of vinca alkaloid and a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The ditartrate salt of a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid derived from the leaves of the periwinkle plant (Vinca rosea) with antineoplastic properties. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin, thereby inhibiting tubulin polymerization into microtubules and spindle formation and resulting in apoptosis of susceptible cancer cells. Inhibition of mitotic microtubules correlates with antitumor activity, whereas inhibition of axonal microtubules seems to correlate with vinorelbine's neurotoxicity. Compared to related vinca alkaloids, vinorelbine is more selective against mitotic than axonal microtubules in vitro, which may account for its decreased neurotoxicity. This agent is also a radiation-sensitizing agent. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biovelbin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eunades","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW-2307","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Navelbine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Navelbine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Navelbine Ditartrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Navelbine ditartrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VINORELBINE TARTRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine Ditartrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vinorelbine tartrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"608210"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0377401"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"125317-39-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Non-small cell lung cancer; metastatic breast cancer; uterine and cervical cancer; desmoid tumors; advanced Kaposi's sarcoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"253GQW851Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40449"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40449"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C45H54N4O8.2C4H6O6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vinorelbine_Ditartrate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:32296"}]}}{"C66943":{"preferredName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate Emulsion","code":"C66943","definitions":[{"description":"An emulsion containing the tartrate salt of the semisynthetic vinca alkaloid vinorelbine with antineoplastic activity. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin, inhibiting tubulin polymerization into microtubules; cell division is prevented, the cell cycle is arrested metaphase and cell death ensues. In this formulation vinorelbine is emulsified in a homogeneous suspension of nanoparticles, which protects the venous endothelium from coming into direct contact with the active ingredient, potentially reducing vinorelbine-associated venous toxicity at the venous injection site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANX-530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate Emulsion","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate Emulsion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate Injectable Emulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883539"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"538399"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"538399"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vinorelbine_Tartrate_Emulsion"}]}}{"C85457":{"preferredName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate Oral","code":"C85457","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable tartrate salt of vinorelbine, a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin, thereby inhibiting tubulin polymerization into microtubules and spindle formation and resulting in apoptosis of susceptible cancer cells. Inhibition of mitotic microtubules correlates with antitumor activity, whereas inhibition of axonal microtubules seems to correlate with vinorelbine's neurotoxicity. Compared to related vinca alkaloids, vinorelbine is more selective against mitotic than axonal microtubules in vitro, which may account for its decreased neurotoxicity. This agent is also a radiation-sensitizing agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate Oral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412328"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642976"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642976"}]}}{"C62525":{"preferredName":"Vintafolide","code":"C62525","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, folate-receptor-targeted conjugate of folate and the vinca alkaloid desacetylvinblastine monohydrazide (DAVLBH) with potential antineoplastic activity. The folate moiety of vintafolide binds to folic acid receptors on the tumor cell surface and the agent is internalized via folate receptor-mediated endocytosis, delivering the tubulin-binding DAVLBH moiety directly into the tumor cell; DAVLBH binding to tubulin results in the disruption of microtubule assembly-disassembly dynamics, cell cycle arrest, and tumor cell apoptosis. Folic acid receptors are frequently upregulated on the surfaces of many tumor cell types. DAVLBH is a derivative of the natural product vinblastine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EC145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate-Vinca Alkaloid Conjugate EC145","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINTAFOLIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vintafolide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vintafolide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831870"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"742092-03-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"36O410ZD4I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488470"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488470"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C86H109N21O26S2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"EC145"}]}}{"C1276":{"preferredName":"Vinzolidine","code":"C1276","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active semisynthetic vinca alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Like other vinca alkaloid compounds, vinzolidine binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. As a result, vinzolidine prevents mitotic spindle formation and leads to cell cycle arrest in metaphase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-3,7-Methanoazacycloundecino(5,4-b)indole-9-carboxylic acid, 9-((2-beta,3-beta,4-beta,5-alpha,12-beta,19-alpha)-4-(acetyloxy)-3'-(2-chloroethyl)-6,7-didehydro-16-methoxy-1-methyl-2',4'-dioxospiro(aspidospermidine-3,5'-oxazolidin)-15-yl)-5-ethyl-1,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-octahydro-5-hydroxy-, methyl ester, (3R-(3R*,5S*,7R*,9S*))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINZOLIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vinzolidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0078282"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"67699-40-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"533U947V6Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39733"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39733"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C48H58ClN5O9"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vinzolidine"}]}}{"C87288":{"preferredName":"Vinzolidine Sulfate","code":"C87288","definitions":[{"description":"The sulfate salt of vinzolidine, an orally active semisynthetic vinca alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Like other vinca alkaloid compounds, vinzolidine binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. As a result, vinzolidine prevents mitotic spindle formation and leads to cell cycle arrest in metaphase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2h-3,7-Methanoazacycloundecino(5,4-Beta)Indole-9-Carboxylic Acid, 9-((2Beta,3Beta,4Beta,5Alpha,12Beta,19Alpha)-4-(Acetyloxy)-3'-(2-Chloroethyl)-6,7-Didehydro-16-Methoxy-1-Methyl-2',4'-Dioxospiro(Aspidospermidine-3,5'-Oxazolidin)-15-Yl)-5-Ethy","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY104208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl (3R,5S,7R,9S)-9-[3'-(2-Chloroethyl)-6,7-Didehydro-4Beta-Hydroxy-16-Methoxy-1-Methyl-2',4'-Dioxo-2Beta,3Beta,5Alpha,12Beta,19Alpha-Spiro(Aspidospermidine-3,5'-Oxazolidin]-15-yl)-5-Ethyl-1,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-Octahydro-5-Hydroxy-2H-3,7-Methano","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINZOLIDINE SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vinzolidine Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2828244"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"67699-41-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"78NZ2PMP25"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C48H58ClN5O9.H2O4S"}]}}{"C26677":{"preferredName":"Virulizin","code":"C26677","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that activates some types of immune system cells, and is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called biological therapy agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural biological response modifier (BRM) isolated from bovine reticuloendothelial tissue. Viruzlin may enhance cell-mediated immune response to tumor cells by direct macrophage activation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Virulizin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Virulizin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Virulizin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0254455"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"216586-46-8"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257159"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257159"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Virulizin"}]}}{"C74038":{"preferredName":"Vismodegib","code":"C74038","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks a type of protein involved in tissue growth and repair and may block the growth of cancer cells. It is a type of Hedgehog signaling pathway antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Hedgehog antagonist GDC-0449 targets the Hedgehog signaling pathway, blocking the activities of the Hedgehog-ligand cell surface receptors PTCH and/or SMO and suppressing Hedgehog signaling. The Hedgehog signaling pathway plays an important role in tissue growth and repair; aberrant constitutive activation of Hedgehog pathway signaling and uncontrolled cellular proliferation may be associated with mutations in the Hedgehog-ligand cell surface receptors PTCH and SMO.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-chloro-N-[4-chloro-3-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl]-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erivedge","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0449","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GDC-0449","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hedgehog Antagonist GDC-0449","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VISMODEGIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vismodegib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vismodegib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348949"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"879085-55-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"basal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"25X868M3DS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586417"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586417"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H14Cl2N2O3S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hedgehog_Antagonist_GDC-0449"}]}}{"C88329":{"preferredName":"Vistusertib","code":"C88329","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vistusertib inhibits the activity of mTOR, which may result in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in a variety of tumors, plays an important role downstream in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 2014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-2014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD2014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, 3-(2,4-Bis((3S)-3-methyl-4-morpholinyl)pyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-7-yl)-N-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VISTUSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vistusertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vistusertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981846"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1009298-59-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0BSC3P4H5X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662098"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662098"}]}}{"C1883":{"preferredName":"Vitamin D3 Analogue ILX23-7553","code":"C1883","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as an anticancer drug.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A vitamin D3 analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. ILX23-7553 binds to and activates the vitamin D receptor, a cytoplasmic polypeptide expressed in normal vitamin D responsive tissues, but also overexpressed in certain cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. Mediated through vitamin D receptor, this agent induces cancer cell differentiation, inhibits cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis. In addition, ILX23-7553 may also induce growth arrest and apoptosis independent of vitamin D receptor activation through mechanisms that are not fully elucidated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,25-dihydroxy-16-ene-23-yne-cholecalciferol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"16-23-D3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9,10-Secocholesta-5,7,10(19),16-tetraen-23-yne-1,3,25-triol, (1alpha,3beta,5Z,7E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BXL 353","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILEX 23-7553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILX 237553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILX-237553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILX23-7553","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ILX23-7553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILX237553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 237553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-237553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO237553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 23-7553","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ro23-7553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin D3 Analogue ILX23-7553","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0966846"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"118694-43-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O13QTC8612"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37861"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37861"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ILX23-7553"}]}}{"C942":{"preferredName":"Vitamin E Compound","code":"C942","definitions":[{"description":"A fat-soluble vitamin which is primarily a chain-breaking antioxidant that prevents the propagation of lipid peroxidation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A nutrient that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Vitamin E helps prevent cell damage caused by free radicals (highly reactive chemicals). It is fat-soluble (can dissolve in fats and oils) and is found in seeds, nuts, leafy vegetables, and vegetable oils. Not enough vitamin E can result in infertility (the inability to produce children). It is being studied in the prevention and treatment of some types of cancer. Vitamin E is a type of antioxidant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural fat-soluble antioxidant with potential chemopreventive activity. Also known as tocopherol, vitamin E ameliorates free-radical damage to biological membranes, protecting polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) within membrane phospholipids and within circulating lipoproteins. Peroxyl radicals react 1000-fold faster with vitamin E than with PUFA. In the case of oxygen free radical-mediated tumorigenesis, vitamin E may be chemopreventive. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)chroman-6-ol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,7,8-Trimethyltocol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E Vitamin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vitamin E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Vitamin E Compound","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vitamin E Compound","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vitamin E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"20812"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042874"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1406-18-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Vitamin E deficiency"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38321"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38321"},{"name":"US_Recommended_Intake","value":"Y"},{"name":"Tolerable_Level","value":"Y"},{"name":"Unit","value":"mg"},{"name":"Nutrient","value":"Y"},{"name":"Micronutrient","value":"Y"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Vitamin_E"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:33234"}]}}{"C2432":{"preferredName":"Vitespen","code":"C2432","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine made from a patient's tumor cells that may help the body's immune system kill cancer cells. This vaccine is used to treat kidney cancer, a type of brain cancer called glioma, and metastatic melanoma (a type of skin cancer that has spread). It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autologous cancer vaccine derived from tumor-specific gp96 heat shock proteins. Heat shock proteins chaperone peptides through the endoplasmic reticulum, are key regulators of dendritic cell maturation, migration and antigen processing, and are involved in T-cell activation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous gp96 Heat Shock Protein Peptide Complex Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSP gp96-Peptide Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSPPC-96","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heat Shock Protein Peptide Complex-96","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncophage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Oncophage","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Tumor Rejection Antigen 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VITESPEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vitespen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vitespen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gp96 HSP-Peptide Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gp96 HSP-peptide complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"gp96 Heat Shock Protein-Peptide Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gp96 heat shock protein-peptide complex vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"vitespen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"725085"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935952"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"492448-75-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H3598Y1TLJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42682"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Autologous_gp96_Heat_Shock_Protein_Peptide_Complex_Vaccine"}]}}{"C91734":{"preferredName":"Vocimagene Amiretrorepvec","code":"C91734","definitions":[{"description":"A replication competent retroviral vector, derived from the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV), encoding a modified form of the yeast suicide gene cytosine deaminase (CD) (Toca 511) used as an antineoplastic adjuvant. Upon transcranial injection, vocimagene amiretrorepvec preferentially enters and transfects tumor cells, and expresses cytosine deaminase, an enzyme that catalyzes the intracellular conversion of the prodrug flucytosine (5-FC) into the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). After administration of 5-FC, the tumor can be eradicated upon activation of 5-FU.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA (Synthetic Toca 511-encoding Retroviral Vector AC3-yCD2(V))","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toca 511","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOCIMAGENE AMIRETROREPVEC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vocimagene Amiretrorepvec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vocimagene Amiretrorepvec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421655"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1300724-82-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DC4WO3WA4Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681586"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681586"}]}}{"C116863":{"preferredName":"Vofatamab","code":"C116863","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 3 (FGFR3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, vofatamab specifically binds to and inhibits both wild-type and mutated forms of FGFR3. This may result in the inhibition of FGFR3 phosphorylation, and thereby preventing its activation and FGFR3-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of cell death in FGFR3-expressing tumor cells. FGFR3, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MFGR-1877S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MFGR1877A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MFGR1877S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7444","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOFATAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vofatamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vofatamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053674"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421586"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1312305-12-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JMH6YR91PG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673995"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673995"}]}}{"C79844":{"preferredName":"Volasertib","code":"C79844","definitions":[{"description":"A dihydropteridinone Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Volasertib selectively inhibits Plk1, inducing selective G2/M arrest followed by apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells while causing reversible cell arrest at the G1 and G2 stage without apoptosis in normal cells. Plk1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in regulating mitotic spindle function in a non-ATP competitive manner.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 6727","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-6727","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, N-(Trans-4-(4-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-1-Piperazinyl)Cyclohexyl)-4-(((7r)-7-Ethyl-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-5-Methyl-8-(1-Methylethyl)-6-Oxo-2-Pteridinyl)Amino)-3-Methoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor BI 6727","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOLASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Volasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Volasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703181"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"755038-65-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6EM57086EA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"630756"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"630756"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H50N8O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Polo-like_Kinase_1_Inhibitor_BI_6727"}]}}{"C48426":{"preferredName":"Volociximab","code":"C48426","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Volociximab binds to a protein that is found on cells that line some tumor blood vessels. It is a type of angiogenesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chimeric monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Volociximab binds to and inhibits the activity of alpha(5)beta(1) integrin, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and angiogenesis. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-alpha5-beta1 Integrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M200","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"M200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOLOCIXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Volociximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-a5-beta1 Integrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"volociximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541160"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"558480-40-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"496K5Z02NW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415313"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415313"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Volociximab"}]}}{"C121376":{"preferredName":"Vonlerolizumab","code":"C121376","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic humanized monoclonal antibody against the receptor, OX40 (CD134), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, vonlerolizumab selectively binds to and activates OX40, by mimicking the action of endogenous OX40 ligand (OX40L). OX40 activation induces proliferation of effector T-lymphocytes and inhibits the activity of regulatory T-cells. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response against the TAA-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody MOXR0916","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MOXR0916","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pogalizumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7021608","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VONLEROLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vonlerolizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474130"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1638935-72-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C78148TF1D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792458"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792458"}]}}{"C129876":{"preferredName":"Vopratelimab","code":"C129876","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic humanized monoclonal antibody that recognizes inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-ICOS agonist monoclonal antibody JTX-2011 targets and binds to ICOS expressed on certain T-cells. This stimulates ICOS-mediated signaling, induces proliferation of ICOS-positive T-cells, enhances cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) survival and augments the CTL-mediated immune response against tumor cells. ICOS, a T-cell specific, CD28-superfamily co-stimulatory molecule and immune checkpoint protein, is normally expressed on certain activated T-cells and plays a key role in the proliferation and activation of T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Agonist MAb JTX-2011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Agonist Monoclonal Antibody JTX-2011","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ICOS Agonist Monoclonal Antibody JTX-2011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JTX-2011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOPRATELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vopratelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512902"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QXN20J93AH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784959"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784959"}]}}{"C1796":{"preferredName":"Vorinostat","code":"C1796","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that does not get better, gets worse, or comes back during or after treatment with other drugs. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Vorinostat is a type of histone deacetylase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic hydroxamic acid derivative with antineoplastic activity. Vorinostat, a second generation polar-planar compound, binds to the catalytic domain of the histone deacetylases (HDACs). This allows the hydroxamic moiety to chelate zinc ion located in the catalytic pockets of HDAC, thereby inhibiting deacetylation and leading to an accumulation of both hyperacetylated histones and transcription factors. Hyperacetylation of histone proteins results in the upregulation of the cyclin-dependant kinase p21, followed by G1 arrest. Hyperacetylation of non-histone proteins such as tumor suppressor p53, alpha tubulin, and heat-shock protein 90 produces additional anti-proliferative effects. This agent also induces apoptosis and sensitizes tumor cells to cell death processes. Vorinostat crosses the blood-brain barrier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L-001079038","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSK-390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Hydroxy-N'-phenyloctanediamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAHA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SAHA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Suberanilohydroxamic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Suberanilohydroxamic Acid","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VORINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vorinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vorinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zolinza","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Zolinza","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"vorinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"701852"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0672708"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"149647-78-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"58IFB293JI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37944"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37944"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H20N2O3"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Suberoylanilide_Hydroxamic_Acid"}]}}{"C95896":{"preferredName":"Vorolanib","code":"C95896","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule dual inhibitor targeting human vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) with antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Vorolanib inhibits all isoforms of VEGFR and PDGFR, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. Both VEGFRs and PDGFRs are receptor tyrosine kinases that may be upregulated in various tumor cell types. Vorolanib has been shown to reduce tissue toxicity by 95 percent compared with first-generation kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S,Z)-N-(1-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)-5-((5-fluoro-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)methyl)-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM 082","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM-082","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM082","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOROLANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vorolanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vorolanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X 82","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X-82","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428293"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1013920-15-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YP8G3I74EL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695817"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695817"}]}}{"C88315":{"preferredName":"Vorsetzumab Mafodotin","code":"C88315","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody, directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule, conjugated to the auristatin analogue monomethyl auristatin phenylalanine (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-CD70 antibody moiety of vorsetuzumab mafodotin selectively binds to the extracellular domain of CD70 on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internalization, the MMAF moiety is released, binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase arrest, tumor cell apoptosis and inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress CD70. CD70, the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27 and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is found on the surfaces of various types of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD70 MoAb SGN70-MMAF Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN 75","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-75","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VORSETUZUMAB MAFODOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vorsetzumab Mafodotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vorsetzumab Mafodotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413570"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1165741-01-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"699619YVTQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660730"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660730"}]}}{"C95148":{"preferredName":"Vosaroxin","code":"C95148","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and a naphthyridine analogue with antineoplastic activity. Vosaroxin intercalates into DNA in a site-specific manner and blocks the re-ligation process carried out by topoisomerase II during DNA replication. As a result, inhibition of DNA replication, RNA and protein synthesis occurs, followed by cell cycle arrest at G2 phase and induced p53-independent apoptosis. This agent shows a favorable toxicity profile in several aspects: it does not generate reactive oxygen species, as do anthracyclines, hence reducing the risk of cardiotoxicity; it is not a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate, and thereby evades the common mechanism for multidrug resistance; and it has limited distribution to normal tissues and a more chemically stable molecular structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,4-Dihydro-7-(3-methoxy-4-methylamino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-oxo-1-(2-thiazolyl)-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG-7352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS 595","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS-595","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPC 595","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOSAROXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Voreloxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vosaroxin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vosaroxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"20233886"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1451341"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"175414-77-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K6A90IIZ19"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"393833"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"393833"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H19N5O4S"}]}}{"C71704":{"preferredName":"Voxtalisib","code":"C71704","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinases in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Voxtalisib inhibits both PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated in a PI3K-independent fashion in response to nutrient and energy deprivation. Accordingly, this agent maybe more potent compared to an agent that inhibits either PI3K kinase or mTOR kinase alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SAR-245409","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR245409","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOXTALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Voxtalisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Voxtalisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-765","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL765","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348352"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CVL1685GPH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558907"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558907"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dual_Kinase_Inhibitor_XL765"}]}}{"C106257":{"preferredName":"WT1 Peptide Vaccine OCV-501","code":"C106257","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of a peptide derived from Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT1) protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, WT1 peptide vaccine OCV-501 may stimulate a CD4-positive helper T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response against WT1 expressing cells. WT1 protein, a zinc finger DNA-binding protein, is overexpressed in leukemic cells and in some solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OCV-501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WT1 Peptide Vaccine OCV-501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433890"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713831"}]}}{"C102751":{"preferredName":"WT1 Peptide Vaccine WT2725","code":"C102751","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of a peptide derived from Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT1) protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, WT2725 may induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1-overexpressing tumor cells. WT1 protein, a zinc finger DNA-binding protein, is overexpressed in leukemic cells and in a vast number of non-hematological solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"WT1 Peptide Vaccine WT2725","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"WT1 Peptide Vaccine WT2725","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WT2725","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437008"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735821"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735821"}]}}{"C121957":{"preferredName":"WT1 Protein-derived Peptide Vaccine DSP-7888","code":"C121957","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of peptides derived from the Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT1) protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, WT1 protein-derived peptide vaccine DSP-7888 may induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, DSP-7888 induces a helper T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response against WT1 expressing tumor cells. WT1 protein, a zinc finger DNA-binding protein and transcription factor, is overexpressed in leukemic cells and in many non-hematological solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DSP-7888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WT1 Protein-derived Peptide Vaccine DSP-7888","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"WT1 Protein-derived Peptide Vaccine DSP-7888","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053649"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772161"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772161"}]}}{"C78865":{"preferredName":"WT1-A10/AS01B Immunotherapeutic GSK2130579A","code":"C78865","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic consisting of the recombinant fusion protein WT1-A10 combined with the adjuvant ASO1B with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, WT1-A10/AS01B immunotherapeutic GSK2130579AWT1 may induce a WT1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1-expressing tumor cells, resulting in cell lysis and the inhibition of cellular proliferation. The tumor-associated antigen WT1 (Wilms tumor protein-1) is overexpressed in most types of leukemia and in a variety of solid cancers. WT1-A10 is a 292 amino acid recombinant fusion protein consisting of a 12-mer truncated tat sequence (leader sequence) and amino acids number 2-281 of the WT1 sequence; ASO1B consists of a combination of the adjuvants monophosporyl lipd A (MPL) and Q21.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK2130579A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WT1-A10/AS01B Immunotherapeutic GSK2130579A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"WT1-A10/AS01B Immunotherapeutic GSK2130579A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387745"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610132"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610132"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"WT1_Vaccine_GSK2130579A"}]}}{"C148480":{"preferredName":"WT1/PSMA/hTERT-encoding Plasmid DNA INO-5401","code":"C148480","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation composed of three separate DNA plasmids encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) Wilms tumor gene-1 (WT1), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activites. Upon intramuscular delivery and electroporation of the WT1/PSMA/hTERT-encoding plasmid DNA INO-5401, the genes are translated into their respective proteins inside the cell. The expressed proteins activate the immune system and induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated response against cells expressing the WT1, PSMA and hTERT antigens, causing tumor cell lysis. hTERT, WT1 and PSMA are upregulated in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INO 5401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-5401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO5401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WT1/PSMA/hTERT-encoding Plasmid DNA INO-5401","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"WT1/PSMA/hTERT-encoding Plasmid DNA INO-5401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551059"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795318"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795318"}]}}{"C1658":{"preferredName":"Warfarin Sodium","code":"C1658","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt form of warfarin, a coumarin and a vitamin K antagonist, with anticoagulant activity. Warfarin sodium inhibits both vitamin K and vitamin K epoxide reductases, thereby interfering with the cyclic interconversion of vitamin K epoxide to its reduced form, vitamin KH2. Vitamin KH2 is a cofactor for the carboxylation of glutamate residues on the N-terminal regions of vitamin K-dependent proteins. As a result, maturation of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X and anticoagulant proteins C and S is inhibited. Without these coagulation factors, thrombogenesis and blood clot formation are prevented.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Coumadin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Coumadin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marevan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panwarfin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Panwarfin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prothromadin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Prothromadin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tintorane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WARFARIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Waran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Warfarin Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Warfarin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Warfilone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0376218"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"129-06-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6153CWM0CL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H15O4.Na"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Warfarin_Sodium"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:10034"}]}}{"C126649":{"preferredName":"White Carrot","code":"C126649","definitions":[{"description":"A vegetable, also known as Arracacha, with potential chemoprevenitve, anti-oxidant and protective activities. White carrot contains a variety of nutrients, including minerals and vitamins. Polyacetylenes, including falcarinol, falcarindiol and falcarindiol-3-acetate are mainly responsible for its potential anti-cancer activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"White Carrot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503765"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779793"}]}}{"C122693":{"preferredName":"Wnt Signaling Inhibitor SM04755","code":"C122693","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Wnt signaling inhibitor SM04755 targets and binds to an as of yet undisclosed target in the Wnt signaling pathway, thereby preventing Wnt-mediated signaling. This may inhibit growth of tumor cells in which the Wnt signaling pathway is overactivated. The Wnt signaling pathway is upregulated in many cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SM04755","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wnt Signaling Inhibitor SM04755","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Wnt Signaling Inhibitor SM04755","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474102"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C142777":{"preferredName":"Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitor SM08502","code":"C142777","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SM08502 inhibits the expression of genes involved in the Wnt signaling pathway through an as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism. This decreased expression of Wnt pathway-related genes prevents Wnt signaling and may inhibit proliferation of cancer cells in which the Wnt signaling pathway is overactivated. The Wnt signaling pathway is dysregulated in many cancer cell types and plays a crucial role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SM 08502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-08502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM08502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitor SM08502","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitor SM08502","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540726"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791574"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791574"}]}}{"C113435":{"preferredName":"Wnt-5a Mimic Hexapeptide Foxy-5","code":"C113435","definitions":[{"description":"A formylated, six amino acid, Wnt5a-derived peptide and wnt-5a mimetic with potential anti-metastatic activity. Upon intravenous administration, Wnt-5a mimic hexapeptide foxy-5 binds to and activates the wnt-5a receptors, Frizzled-2 and -5, which activates wnt-5a-mediated signaling. Increased wnt-5a signaling may inhibit endothelial tumor cell migration and invasion. This may decrease metastasis of susceptible tumor cells. However, foxy-5 does not affect tumor cell proliferation or apoptosis. Foxy-5 lacks a heparan sulfate-binding domain and contains a formyl group on its NH2-terminal methionine residue which decreases in vivo degradation. Decreased expression of wnt-5a protein is associated with increased motility of certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Foxy-5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wnt-5a Mimic Hexapeptide Foxy-5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458229"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756269"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756269"}]}}{"C28501":{"preferredName":"Wobe-Mugos E","code":"C28501","definitions":[{"description":"A mixture made from an extract of the calf thymus gland and enzymes (proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body) from the papaya plant, the pancreas of cows, and the pancreas of pigs. It has been used in Europe as a treatment for a variety of cancers and for herpes virus infections.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An enzymatic preparation containing proteolytic enzymes papain, trypsin and chymotrypsin with potential anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic activities. Papain can be extracted from the fruit of the papaya plant. Trypsin and chymotrypsin are serine proteases produced and secreted by the pancreas. Although its exact mechanisms has yet to be fully illustrated, Wobe-Mugos E appears to have the ability to modulate the immune system by degrading cytokines, and cytokine receptors and clearing circulating immune protein complexes, as well as disrupting adhesion molecules. This agent has been shown to reduce chemotherapy-induced toxicity, inhibit tumor cell proliferation and prolong survival rates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wobe-Mugos E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Wobe-Mugos E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935809"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38247"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Wobe-Mugos_E"}]}}{"C103823":{"preferredName":"XBP1-US/XBP1-SP/CD138/CS1 Multipeptide Vaccine PVX-410","code":"C103823","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing immunogenic, HLA-A2-specific epitopes derived from X-box-binding protein 1-unspliced (XBP1-US), XBP1-spliced (SP), syndecan-1 (CD138), and CS1 (CD2 subset 1, CRACC, SLAMF7, CD319) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, XBP1-US/XBP1-SP/CD138/CS1 multipeptide vaccine PVX-410 may stimulate the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against the four myeloma-specific antigens. The tumor associated antigens (TAAs) XBP1-US, XBP1-SP, CD138 and CS1, are overexpressed on the surface of multiple myeloma (MM) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PVX-410","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XBP1-US/XBP1-SP/CD138/CS1 Multipeptide Vaccine PVX-410","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"XBP1-US/XBP1-SP/CD138/CS1 Multipeptide Vaccine PVX-410","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438306"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742602"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742602"}]}}{"C49180":{"preferredName":"XIAP Antisense Oligonucleotide AEG35156","code":"C49180","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. AEG35156 may kill cancer cells by blocking the production of a protein called XIAP that helps cells live longer. It also makes cancer cells more sensitive to anticancer drugs. It is a type of antisense oligonucleotide, and a type of chemosensitizing agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A second-generation synthetic antisense oligonucleotide with potential antineoplastic activity. AEG35156 selectively blocks the cellular expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), a pivotal inhibitor of apoptosis that is overexpressed in many tumors. This agent reduces total levels of XIAP in tumor cells, working synergistically with cytotoxic drugs to overcome tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. XIAP interferes with both the intrinsic and extrinsic program-death signaling pathways, which may render tumor cells resistant to apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEG35156","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AEG35156","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GEM640","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GEM640","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XIAP Antisense Oligonucleotide AEG35156","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1567121"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492218"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492218"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"AEG35156"}]}}{"C123913":{"preferredName":"XIAP/cIAP1 Antagonist ASTX660","code":"C123913","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, non-peptidomimetic antagonist of both X chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and cellular IAP 1 (cIAP1), with potential antineoplastic and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, XIAP/cIAP1 antagonist ASTX660 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of XIAP and cIAP1. This restores and promotes the induction of apoptotic signaling pathways in cancer cells, and inactivates the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB)-mediated survival pathway. XIAP and cIAP1 are overexpressed by many cancer cell types and suppress apoptosis by inhibiting the activity of certain caspases; they promote both cancer cell survival and chemotherapy resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASTX 660","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASTX660","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XIAP/cIAP1 Antagonist ASTX660","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"XIAP/cIAP1 Antagonist ASTX660","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498277"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775838"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775838"}]}}{"C128246":{"preferredName":"XPO1 Inhibitor SL-801","code":"C128246","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear export protein exportin-1 (XPO1; chromosome region maintenance 1 protein homolog; CRM1), with potential antineoplastic and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, XPO1 inhibitor SL-801 reversibly binds to the cargo binding site of XPO1, and prevents the XPO1-mediated nuclear export of cargo proteins, including tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs), such as p53, FOXO, p21, and p27, and leads to their selective accumulation in the nuclei of tumor cells. As a selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE), SL-801 restores the nuclear localization and function of TSPs, which leads to the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. XPO1, the major export factor that transports proteins and RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types while minimally expressed in normal, healthy cells. The dysregulated export of TSPs into the cytoplasm prevents TSP-initiated apoptosis. XPO1 overexpression leads to uncontrolled tumor cell proliferation and is associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CBS 9106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL 801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL-801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XPO1 Inhibitor SL-801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"XPO1 Inhibitor SL-801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3254642"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782045"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782045"}]}}{"C121950":{"preferredName":"Xanthohumol","code":"C121950","definitions":[{"description":"A prenylated flavonoid derived from the female flowers of the hops plant (Humulus lupulus L), with potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, xanthohumol scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby preventing DNA damage due to oxidative stress. In addition, xanthohumol is able to increase the expression of phase II cytoprotective enzymes, thereby inactivating carcinogens. This agent exerts anti-inflammatory activity, through the inhibition of inflammation-inducing enzymes, inhibits DNA synthesis, and induces apoptosis of susceptible cancer cells. Xanthohumol also decreases the expression of C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), thereby preventing cancer cell invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3'-[3,3-Dimethyl allyl]-2',4',4-trihydroxy-6'-methoxychalcone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xanthohumol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0536128"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6754-58-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772021"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772021"}]}}{"C106118":{"preferredName":"Xentuzumab","code":"C106118","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG1 insulin-like growth factor (IGF) monoclonal antibody targeting the IGF ligands 1 (IGF-1) and 2 (IGF-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, xentuzumab binds to both IGF-1 and IGF-2 and inhibits the binding of these ligands to their receptor, IGF-1R. This blocks the insulin growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway, which is upregulated in a number of cancer cell types and plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation and chemoresistance. In addition, BI 836845 prevents the binding of IGF-2 to insulin receptor variant A (IR-A), preventing its activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 836845","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Insulin-like Growth Factor I) (Human Monoclonal PS05388 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal PS05388 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XENTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Xentuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Xentuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827152"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1417158-65-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X86Z1O656G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697680"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697680"}]}}{"C165272":{"preferredName":"Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction","code":"C165272","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction composed of Oldenlandia, Kuh-seng, Codonopsis pilosula, bighead atractylodes rhizome, smoked plum, the rhizome of Chinese goldthread, rhizome zingiberis preparata and semen Coicis, with potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of Xiaoai Jiedu decoction, the active ingredients in this decoction may inhibit a variety of signal transduction pathways involved in carcinogenesis. This may induce cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell formation and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799435"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799435"}]}}{"C2597":{"preferredName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","code":"C2597","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of the humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) CC49 labeled with Yttrium 90 (Y-90). MoAb CC49 recognizes the pancarcinoma tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72 with high affinity. Y-90 MoAb CC49 delivers beta particles emitting Y-90 radionuclide directly to tumor cells that express TAG-72, thereby this agent may be used in radioimmunotherapeutic treatment of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935674"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38082"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38082"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_CC49"}]}}{"C2541":{"preferredName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody HMFG1","code":"C2541","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of HMFG1, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor associated antigen mucin-1 (MUC-1), labeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope yttrium 90 (Y-90), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to MUC-1 on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, pemtumomab and delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to MUC1-expressing tumor cells. MUC1, a glycoprotein overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells, plays a key role in tumor cell survival and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB HMFG1, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theragyn","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 MoAb HMFG1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody HMFG1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody HMFG1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody HMFG1, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 MOAB HMFG1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879349"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43644"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43644"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_HMFG1"}]}}{"C2247":{"preferredName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","code":"C2247","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a murine monoclonal antibody, MoAb Lym-1, labeled with yttrium 90 (Y-90). MoAb Lym-1 recognizes an epitope of the histocompatibility antigen HLA-DR, which is over-expressed on most B-cell lymphomas. Y-90 MoAb Lym-1 delivers Y-90 radionuclide directly to tumor cells that express HLA-DR antigen, thereby this agent may be used in radioimmunotherapy of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB Lym-1, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 MoAb Lym-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody Lym-1, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 MOAB Lym-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796675"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43509"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43509"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_Lym-1"}]}}{"C2248":{"preferredName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody M195","code":"C2248","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of humanized M195 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) conjugated with isotope yttrium 90. MoAb M195 is reactive with the cell surface antigen CD33, a glycoprotein found on myeloid leukemia blasts and early hematopoietic progenitor cells but not on normal stem cells. This radioimmunoconjugate emits beta particles that causes cytotoxicity in tumor cells and has both imaging and therapeutic uses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB M195, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 MoAb M195","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody M195","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody M195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody M195, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879572"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38025"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38025"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_M195"}]}}{"C2532":{"preferredName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody m170","code":"C2532","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of m170 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) conjugated with isotope yttrium 90. MoAb m170 is a murine MoAb that recognizes MUC-1 antigen present on the surface of many adenocarcinomas. This radioimmunoconjugate emits beta particles that cause cytotoxicity in tumor cells and has both imaging and therapeutic uses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB m170, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 MoAb m170","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody m170","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody m170","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody m170, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 MOAB m170","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796669"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43501"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43501"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_m170"}]}}{"C132024":{"preferredName":"Yang Yin Fu Zheng","code":"C132024","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based formulation, with potential immuno-enhancing, detoxifying and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, Yang Yin Fu Zheng may activate the immune system and may help inhibit tumor cell proliferation. This TCM may also help remove toxic substances.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fu Zheng Yang Yin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fu Zheng Yang Yin Decoction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCM Yang Yin Fu Zheng","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yang Yin Fu Zheng","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2355396"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786518"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786518"}]}}{"C111897":{"preferredName":"Yangzheng Xiaoji Extract","code":"C111897","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based formulation containing the Yangzheng Xiaoji (YZXJ) extract, consisting of various components, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Some of the main components in Yangzheng Xiaoji are Radix Astragali, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Radix Ginseng, Ganoderma, Rhizoma Curcumac, Fried Rhizoma Atractylodis, Macrocephalae and Herba Hedyotidis. Although the exact mechanism(s) through which Yangzheng Xiaoji exerts its effects have yet to be fully elucidated, this agent, upon administration, inhibits the activation of various signaling protein kinases, such as focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin. This prevents signal transduction pathways that are upregulated in cancer, prevents the adhesion and migration of tumor cells and inhibits tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DME25","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YZXJ Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yangzheng Xiaoji Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827131"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753388"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753388"}]}}{"C132026":{"preferredName":"Yiqi-yangyin-jiedu Herbal Decoction","code":"C132026","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) based formulation consisting of milkvetch root, glehnia root, asparagus root, lilyturf root, grossy privet fruit, spikemoss herb, Chinese sage herb, and manyleaf paris rhizome, with potential immuno-enhancing, detoxifying and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, yiqi-yangyin-jiedu decoction (YYJD) may activate the immune system by enhancing T-lymphocyte activity, and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. YYJD may also ameliorate the qi-yin deficiency syndrome by strengthening qi and nourishing yin. YYJD may help remove toxic substance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TCM Yiqi-yangyin-jiedu Decoction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YYJ Decoction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YYJD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yiqi Yangyin Jiedu Decoction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yiqi-yangyin-jiedu Herbal Decoction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521287"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786577"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786577"}]}}{"C74092":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody BU12","code":"C74092","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the murine IgG1 anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) BU12 labeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope yttrium Y 90 with radioisotopic and antibody activities. Yttrium Y 90 anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody BU12 binds to the CD19 molecule, specifically delivering cytotoxic beta radiation to CD19-expressing B cells. CD19 is a membrane antigen that is widely expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B-cell to early plasma cell stages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody BU12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody BU12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383553"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592567"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592567"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Anti-CD19_Monoclonal_Antibody_BU12"}]}}{"C74093":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12","code":"C74093","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of the monoclonal antibody AHN-12 conjugated to the radioisotope yttrium 90 with potential radioimmunotherapeutic activity. Yttrium Y 90 monoclonal antibody AHN-12 binds to the tyrosine phosphatase CD45, expressed on the surface of normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. After binding and internalization by CD45-expressing tumor cells, this agent may deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Y 90 AHN-12","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383503"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587979"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587979"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Anti-CD45_Monoclonal_Antibody_AHN-12"}]}}{"C95698":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8","code":"C95698","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate containing the murine IgG1 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) BC8 labeled with yttrium 90 (Y90), with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Yttrium Y 90 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody BC8 binds to CD45 antigen, a receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase expressed on the surface of both normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. After binding and internalization by CD45-expressing tumor cells, this agent may deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90Y Anti-CD45 MoAb BC8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428164"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688830"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688830"}]}}{"C122405":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CDH3 Monoclonal Antibody FF-21101","code":"C122405","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a chimeric monoclonal antibody targeting human cadherin-3 (CDH3) and labeled, via the macrocyclic chelator 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), with the beta-emitting radioisotope yttrium Y 90, with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of yttrium Y 90 anti-CDH3 monoclonal antibody FF-21101 binds to CDH3 expressed on tumor cells, thereby specifically delivering cytotoxic beta radiation to CDH3-expressing tumor cells. CDH3, also known as P-cadherin, is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and member of the cadherin family; it is overexpressed in a variety of tumors and plays a role in cell adhesion, motility, invasion, and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FF-21101(90Y)","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CDH3 Monoclonal Antibody FF-21101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CDH3 Monoclonal Antibody FF-21101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053526"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772801"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772801"}]}}{"C77885":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody cT84.66","code":"C77885","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of a chimeric monoclonal antibody against human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) conjugated with the radioisotope yttrium 90 (Y-90) via the chelator tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of yttrium Y90 DOTA anti-CEA monoclonal antibody cT84.66 binds to cells expressing the CEA antigen. Upon cellular internalization, this agent selectively delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. CEA, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed in many cancer types, including gastrointestinal, breast, non-small cell lung, and thyroid cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody cT84.66","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody cT84.66","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody cT84.66","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cT84.66","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387153"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592860"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592860"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_DOTA_Anti-CEA_Monoclonal_Antibody_cT84_66"}]}}{"C99167":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Basiliximab","code":"C99167","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate composed of basiliximab, a chimeric, mouse-human monoclonal antibody directed against the alpha subunit of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R alpha, CD25 or Tac antigen), and labeled with yttrium y 90, with potential antineoplastic activity. The basiliximab moiety of yttrium Y 90 basiliximab selectively binds to IL-2R alpha expressed on the surface of activated T-lymphocytes, thereby preventing IL-2 binding and blocking the IL-2-mediated activation of lymphocytes. The yttrium y 90 moiety selectively delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to lymphocytes that express the IL-2 receptor. This may prevent T cell-mediated activation of the immune system against a certain transplant and may prevent transplant rejection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90Y Basiliximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Basiliximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Basiliximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433016"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717514"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717514"}]}}{"C114495":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Colloid","code":"C114495","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable, colloidal formulation of the radioisotope yttrium Y 90, with potential antineoplastic activity. When injected into the tumor, the yttrium Y 90 colloid selectively delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta-emitting yttrium Y 90 to the tumor site, which may result in both tumor cell death and tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90Y Colloid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Colloid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472321"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759092"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759092"}]}}{"C77853":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody M5A","code":"C77853","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. M5A is a monoclonal antibody that binds to a protein called CEA on the surface of some tumor cells. It is linked to a radioisotope called yttrium Y 90, which may help kill the cancer cells. Yttrium Y 90 DOTA anti-CEA monoclonal antibody M5A is a type of radioimmunoconjugate and a type of radiopharmaceutical.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against the human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) conjugated with the radioisotope yttrium 90 (Y-90) via the chelator tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of yttrium Y 90 DOTA anti-CEA monoclonal antibody M5A binds to cells expressing the CEA antigen. Upon cellular internalization, this agent selectively delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. CEA, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed in many cancer types, including gastrointestinal, breast, non-small cell lung, and thyroid cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Y90-DOTA-M5A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody M5A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody M5A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 DOTA anti-CEA monoclonal antibody M5A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383554"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592693"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592693"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_DOTA_Anti-CEA_Monoclonal_Antibody_M5A"}]}}{"C2600":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Daclizumab","code":"C2600","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic radioimmunoconjugate comprised of a humanized anti-interleukin-2 (IL-2) antibody linked to the radioisotope Yttrium 90 with potential antineoplastic activity. Daclizumab binds with high affinity to the Tac (also called CD25) subunit of the IL-2 receptor complex and inhibits the binding of IL-2, thereby blocking the IL-2-mediated activation of lymphocytes. As Yttrium Y 90 daclizumab, daclizumab delivers radiation specifically to lymphocytes that express the IL-2 receptor. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Y90 Daclizumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y90 MOAB Anti-Tac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Daclizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Daclizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935688"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38097"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38097"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Daclizumab"}]}}{"C38679":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Glass Microspheres","code":"C38679","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable formulation of yttrium Y 90 consisting of glass microspheres containing the radioisotope yttrium Y 90. When injected into the tumor vascular bed, yttrium Y 90 glass microspheres occlude tumor blood vessels and deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to the tumor site, thereby reducing the tumor burden. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TheraSphere","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Glass Microspheres","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Glass Microspheres","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Glass Microspheres","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134675"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, transarterial internal radiation"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38672"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38672"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Glass_Microspheres"}]}}{"C2614":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody B3","code":"C2614","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of monoclonal antibody (MoAb) B3 conjugated with isotope yttrium 90. MoAb B3 is a murine MoAb that recognizes a Lewis Y carbohydrate antigen present on the surface of many carcinomas. This radioimmunoconjugate emits beta particles that causes cytotoxicity in tumor cells and has both diagnostic and therapeutic uses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90 Y-B3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOAB B3, Yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody B3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y90-B3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody B3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"10815890"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935761"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38188"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38188"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_B3"}]}}{"C2607":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody BrE-3","code":"C2607","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunotherapeutic agent consisting of a monoclonal antibody (BrE-3) directed against the tumor-associated antigen epithelial glycoprotein mucin chelated to the radioisotope yttrium-90. Yttrium Y 90 monoclonal antibody BrE-3 binds to tumor cells expressing epithelial glycoprotein mucin, selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB BrE-3, Yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody BrE-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935731"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38148"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38148"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_BrE-3"}]}}{"C38678":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody Hu3S193","code":"C38678","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunotherapeutic agent consisting of a humanized murine monoclonal antibody (hu3S193) directed against the tumor-associated Lewis Y epithelial antigen chelated to the radioisotope yttrium-90. Yttrium Y 90 monoclonal antibody Hu3S193 binds to Lewis Y epithelial antigen-expressing tumor cells, selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Y90 MOAB Hu3S193","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody Hu3S193","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328082"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"340956"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"340956"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_Hu3S193"}]}}{"C2249":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody MN-14","code":"C2249","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunotherapeutic monoclonal antibody (MN-14) directed against tumor-associated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and chelated to the radioisotope yttrium-90 (Y 90). Yttrium 90 monoclonal antibody MN-14 binds to tumor cell expressing CEA, delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB MN-14, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 MoAb MN-14","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody MN-14","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium 90 Monoclonal Antibody MN-14","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody MN-14","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody MN-14, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 MOAB MN-14","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879253"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43511"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43511"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_MN-14"}]}}{"C64539":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Resin Microspheres","code":"C64539","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable formulation of the radioisotope yttrium Y 90 encapsulated in resin microspheres with potential antineoplastic activity. When injected into arterial vasculature supplying the tumor, yttrium Y 90 resin microspheres occlude tumor blood vessels and selectively deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta emitting yttrium Y 90 to the tumor site, which may result in tumor cell death and tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SIR-Spheres","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Resin Microspheres","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Resin Microspheres","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Resin Microspheres","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831993"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hepatocellular carcinoma"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"523414"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"523414"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Resin_Microspheres"}]}}{"C1808":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-Biotin","code":"C1808","definitions":[{"description":"A compound that contains the radioisotope yttrium Y 90 linked to the chemical biotin. Biotin is a molecule that binds strongly to the chemical streptavidin. Yttrium Y 90 DOTA-biotin will find tumor cells in the body that have been targeted by an antibody linked to streptavidin and kill them. It is being studied together with CC49-streptavidin in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioconjugate of biotin and yttrium Y 90 (Y-90) linked through the bifunctional macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) with radioimmunotherapy property. Biotin is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin, present in minute amounts in every living cell, while its level in cancerous tissue is higher than that of normal tissue. Y 90-DOTA-Biotin could be used in 3-step pre-targeting radioimmunotherapy that employs a tumor targeting antibody conjugated with streptavidin, the natural ligand of biotin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90Y-DOTA-Biotin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"90Y-DOTA-biotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-Biotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 DOTA-biotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677849"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365680"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365680"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"_90Y-DOTA-Biotin"}]}}{"C119738":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-di-HSG Peptide IMP-288","code":"C119738","definitions":[{"description":"A radiolabeled divalent histamine-succinyl-glycine (HSG) hapten-peptide linked with the macrocyclic chelator 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) to the beta-emitting radionuclide yttrium 90 (Y-90), with radioimmunotherapeutic activity. After pre-treating and targeting tumor cells with a bi-specific monoclonal antibody (BiMoAB) directed against both a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and the HSG hapten-peptide, the HSG portion of the administered yttrium Y 90-DOTA-di-HSG peptide IMP-288 binds to the anti-HSG sequence on the BiMoAB. In turn, Y-90 delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to tumor cells expressing the specific TAA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90-Y-IMP-288","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"90Y-IMP288","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-di-HSG Peptide IMP-288","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896702"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766993"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766993"}]}}{"C2601":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90-Edotreotide","code":"C2601","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Yttrium Y 90 edotreotide contains yttrium Y 90 (a radioactive form of the metal yttrium) attached to a molecule that binds to certain types of neuroendocrine tumors (tumors that come from cells that release hormones). The radioactivity from yttrium Y 90 may kill the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of the octreotide derivative edotreotide labeled with yttrium 90 (Y-90) with potential radiotherapeutic uses. Similar to octreotide, yttrium Y 90-edotreotide binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), especially type 2 receptors, present on the cell membranes of many types of neuroendocrine tumor cells, delivering tissue-specific, beta-emitting nuclide Y-90-mediated cytotoxicity to SSTR-positive cells. Yttrium Y 90-edotreotide is produced by substituting tyrosine for phenylalanine at the 3 position of the somatostatin analogue octreotide and chelating the substituted octreotide to Y-90 via dodecanetetraacetic acid (DOTA).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90Y-DOTA-3-Tyr-Octreotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDOTREOTIDE YTTRIUM Y-90","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OctreoTher","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onalta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 -DOTATOC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 SMT 487","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-3-tyrosine-octreotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-Tyr3-Octreotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90-Edotreotide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90-Edotreotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 SMT 487","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 edotreotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90-DOTA-tyr3-octreotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"20168290"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2003893"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ABF7OG3FA3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38102"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38102"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_SMT_487"}]}}{"C99168":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90-labeled Anti-FZD10 Monoclonal Antibody OTSA101","code":"C99168","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) OTSA101 against FZD10 and labeled with yttrium y 90, with potential antineoplastic activity. The MoAb moiety of yttrium Y 90-labeled anti-FZD10 monoclonal antibody OTSA101 binds to FZD10, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to FZD10 positive tumor cells. FZD10 (also called CD350), a member of the Frizzled family of G protein-coupled receptors that is involved in the Wnt/beta-catenin/TCF signaling pathway, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types but undetectable in normal, healthy human tissues except for the placenta.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OTSA101-DTPA-90Y","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90-labeled Anti-FZD10 Monoclonal Antibody OTSA101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433017"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717536"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717536"}]}}{"C48429":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y-90 Clivatuzumab Tetraxetan","code":"C48429","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. HuPAM4 is a monoclonal antibody that can locate and bind to pancreatic cancer cells. It is linked to a radioactive substance called yttrium Y90, which may help kill cancer cells. Yttrium Y 90 DOTA monoclonal antibody HuPAM4 is a type of radioimmunoconjugate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of the humanized monoclonal antibody clivatuzumab, directed against the pancreatic cancer antigen MUC1, that is conjugated to the chelating agent tetraxetan and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope Yttrium Y 90. Yttrium Y 90 clivatuzumab tetraxetan binds to tumor cells expressing MUC1 antigen, thereby selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90Y-hPAM4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMMU-107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YTTRIUM Y-90 CLIVATUZUMAB TETRAXETAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Yttrium (90Y) Clivatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Clivatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Monoclonal Antibody HuPAM4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Clivatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Clivatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hPAM4-Cide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hPAM4-DOTA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 DOTA monoclonal antibody HuPAM4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541526"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"943976-23-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2L271110ED"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425350"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425350"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H25N5O7.Y"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_DOTA_Monoclonal_Antibody_HuPAM4"}]}}{"C2582":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y-90 Epratuzumab Tetraxetan","code":"C2582","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunotherapeutic humanized murine monoclonal antibody (LL2) directed against the CD22 pan-B-cell antigen and chelated to the radioisotope yttrium-90 (Y 90). Y 90 humanized monoclonal antibody LL2 binds to tumor cells expressing CD22, delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal antibody LL2, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody LL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 MoAb LL2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 monoclonal antibody LL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y90 Humanized Epratuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YTTRIUM Y-90 EPRATUZUMAB TETRAXETAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Humanized Epratuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody LL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Epratuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Epratuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 MOAB LL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879352"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"501423-25-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J36232195E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43648"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43648"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H25N5O7.Y"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Y_90_Humanized_Monoclonal_Antibody_LL2"}]}}{"C1812":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y-90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","code":"C1812","definitions":[{"description":"A radiolabeled monoclonal antibody that is used to treat certain types of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is being studied in the treatment of other types of B-cell tumors. It is made up of the monoclonal antibody ibritumomab plus the radioisotope yttrium Y 90. It binds to the protein called CD20, which is found on B cells. The radiation in the yttrium Y 90 may kill the cancer cells. Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan is a type of radiopharmaceutical.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioimmunotherapeutic agent consisting of a murine monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody (ibritumomab) linked by the chelator tiuxetan to the radioisotope yttrium-90 (Y 90). Yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan binds to and specifically delivers beta radiation to CD20-expressing tumor cells, thereby minimizing the systemic effects of radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDEC-Y2B8","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDEC-Y2B8 monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Y 90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Zevalin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"YTTRIUM Y-90 IBRITUMOMAB TIUXETAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y90 ibritumomab tiuxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"710085"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879283"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QA846JAV5B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38483"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38483"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Y_90_Ibritumomab_Tiuxetan"}]}}{"C48428":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y-90 Tacatuzumab Tetraxetan","code":"C48428","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of liver cancer. HuAFP31 is a monoclonal antibody that can bind to tumor cells that make a protein called alpha fetoprotein (AFP). It is linked to a radioactive substance called yttrium Y 90, which may help kill the cancer cells. Yttrium Y 90 DOTA monoclonal antibody HuAFP31 is a type of radioimmunoconjugate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of the humanized monoclonal antibody tacatuzumab, directed against alpha fetoprotein, that is conjugated to the chelating agent tetraxetan and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope Yttrium Y 90. Yttrium Y 90 tacatuzumab tetraxetan binds to tumor cells expressing alpha fetoprotein, thereby selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFP-Cide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y-90 hAFP-31","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YTTRIUM Y-90 TACATUZUMAB TETRAXETAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Yttrium (90Y) Tacatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Monoclonal Antibody HuAFP31","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Tacatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Tacatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Tacatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 DOTA monoclonal antibody HuAFP31","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541525"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"476413-07-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GJ2416WK6Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425347"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425347"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H25N5O7.Y"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_DOTA_Monoclonal_Antibody_HuAFP31"}]}}{"C80739":{"preferredName":"Yttrium-90 Polycarbonate Brachytherapy Plaque","code":"C80739","definitions":[{"description":"A polycarbonate-based semicylindrical plaque impregnated with yttrium Y 90 with radioisotopic and antineoplastic activities. An yttrium-90 polycarbonate brachytherapy plaque may be applied to a tumor site with a special brachytherapy applicator for a predetermined interval of time, selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta-emitting yttrium Y 90.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Yttrium-90 Polycarbonate Brachytherapy Plaque","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium-90 Polycarbonate Brachytherapy Plaque","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388351"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600953"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600953"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Plaque_Applicator"}]}}{"C95713":{"preferredName":"Z-Endoxifen Hydrochloride","code":"C95713","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt and the z (cis-) stereoisomer of endoxifen with potential antineoplastic activity. Endoxifen, the active metabolite of tamoxifen, competitively inhibits the binding of estradiol to estrogen receptors, thereby preventing the receptor from binding to the estrogen-response element on DNA and thus reducing DNA synthesis. Unlike tamoxifen, however, which relies on CYP2D6 activity for its conversion to the active metabolite endoxifen, the direct administration of endoxifen bypasses the CYP2D6 route. As CYP2D6 activity can vary widely among individuals due to genetic CYP2D6 polymorphisms, endoxifen is therefore theoretically more potent and more uniform in its bioavailability across patient populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Hydroxy-N-Desmethyltamoxifen Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z-Endoxifen HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z-Endoxifen Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Z-Endoxifen Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428178"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693335"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693335"}]}}{"C430":{"preferredName":"Zalcitabine","code":"C430","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic dideoxynucleoside. After intracellular phosphorylation to its active metabolite, zalcitabine preferentially inhibits the gamma form of DNA polymerase present in tumor cell mitochondria, resulting in the inhibition of tumor cell mitochondrial DNA replication and tumor cell death. 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Upon administration, zalifrelimab binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGEN-1884","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN1884","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody AGEN1884","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ZALIFRELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zalifrelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504706"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2148321-69-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FE7L22H028"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779578"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779578"}]}}{"C64620":{"preferredName":"Zalutumumab","code":"C64620","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR is a cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase, overexpressed on many cancer cells. Zalutumumab selectively binds to and blocks binding of EGF and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-a) to the EGFR receptor, thereby interfering with cellular signaling, leading to cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in tumor cells. In addition, zalutumumab also triggers cell lysis mediated through antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in EGFR-expressing cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2FB","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMax-EGFr, 2F8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZALUTUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zalutumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zalutumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831978"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"667901-13-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DA709Q5020"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518289"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518289"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Zalutumumab"}]}}{"C91701":{"preferredName":"Zanolimumab","code":"C91701","definitions":[{"description":"A human IgG1k monoclonal antibody against the CD4 receptor on T-lymphocytes, with potential antineoplastic and immunosuppressing activities. Zanolimumab targets and binds to the CD4 receptor on certain T-cells thereby preventing the interaction between the CD4 receptor and the major histocompatibility complex class II molecule. This prevents activation of CD4 positive T cells. In addition, zanolimumab is able to induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against CD4-expressing tumor cells. CD4, a receptor located on a subset of T-lymphocytes, is upregulated in T-cell lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD4 Monoclonal Antibody HuMax","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMax-CD4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZANOLIMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zanolimumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zanolimumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1957794"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"652153-01-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HG3L8885M0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352000"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352000"}]}}{"C141428":{"preferredName":"Zanubrutinib","code":"C141428","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, zanubrutinib inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways, which leads to the inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in B-lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-7-(1-acryloylpiperidin-4-yl)-2-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-3111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTK-InhB","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brukinsa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZANUBRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zanubrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zanubrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539516"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1691249-45-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AG9MHG098Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768510"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768510"}]}}{"C37455":{"preferredName":"Zebularine","code":"C37455","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic cytidine analogue and a cytidine deaminase inhibitor with anticancer activity. Following metabolic activation by phosphorylation and incorporation into DNA, zebularine inhibits DNA methyltransferase through covalent complex formation between the enzyme and zebularine-substituted DNA, hence resulting in non-specific, genome-wide induction of demethylation including the removal of aberrant methylation of promoter regions of genes critical for normal cellular functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Pyrimidone-1-beta-D-riboside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyrimidin-2-one beta-Ribofuranoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zebularine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Zebularine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"309132"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0084253"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3690-10-6"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Zebularine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:46938"}]}}{"C48430":{"preferredName":"Zibotentan","code":"C48430","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of prostate cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called endothelin-receptor antagonists.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally available selective antagonist of the endothelin-A (ET-A) receptor with potential antineoplastic activity. Zibotentan binds selectively to the ET-A receptor, thereby inhibiting endothelin-mediated mechanisms that promote tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Pyridinesulfonamide, N-(3-methoxy-5-methylpyrazinyl)-2-(4-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-methoxy-5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)-2-[4-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenyl]pridine-3- sulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD-4054","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD4054","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ZD4054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZIBOTENTAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zibotentan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zibotentan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328193"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"186497-07-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8054MM4902"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355727"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355727"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H16N6O4S"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ZD4054"}]}}{"C129588":{"preferredName":"Zinc Finger Nuclease ZFN-603","code":"C129588","definitions":[{"description":"A zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) targeting the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (HPV16) oncoprotein E7, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon transfection of ZFN-603 into HPV16-positive cells, ZFN-603 targets, binds to and cleaves the HPV16 E7 oncogene in HPV16-infected cells. By cleaving the HPV16 E7 DNA, the E7 oncoprotein is not expressed. This results in an inhibition of E7-mediated signaling, an induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in HPV16-expressing cells. In addition, preventing E7 expression induces the expression of tumor suppressor genes, thereby further preventing HPV-induced cancer cell formation and proliferation. E7 plays a key role in promoting both viral infection and carcinogenesis. ZFN, an engineered endonuclease in which a DNA-binding zinc finger protein is fused to a DNA-cleavable domain, cleaves specific DNA sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ZFN ZFN-603","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZFN-603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZFN603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zinc Finger Nuclease ZFN-603","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512593"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783802"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783802"}]}}{"C129589":{"preferredName":"Zinc Finger Nuclease ZFN-758","code":"C129589","definitions":[{"description":"A zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) targeting the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 18 (HPV18) oncoprotein E7, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon transfection of ZFN-758 into HPV18-positive cells, ZFN-758 targets, binds to and cleaves the HPV18 E7 oncogene in HPV18-infected cells. By cleaving the HPV18 E7 DNA, the E7 oncoprotein is not expressed. This results in an inhibition of E7-mediated signaling, an induction of apoptosis, and an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in HPV18-expressing cells. In addition, preventing E7 expression induces the expression of tumor suppressor genes, thereby further preventing HPV-induced cancer cell formation and proliferation. E7 plays a key role in promoting both viral infection and carcinogenesis. ZFN, an engineered endonuclease in which a DNA-binding zinc finger protein is fused to a DNA-cleavable domain, cleaves specific DNA sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ZFN ZFN-758","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZFN-758","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZFN758","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zinc Finger Nuclease ZFN-758","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512594"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783803"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783803"}]}}{"C682":{"preferredName":"Zinostatin","code":"C682","definitions":[{"description":"An enediyne antineoplastic antibiotic hybrid containing an aminoglycoside chromophore. Zinostatin is isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces carzinostaticus. The aminoglycoside component of zinostatin intercalates into DNA and the benzene diradical intermediate of the enediyne core binds to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in single- and double-strand breaks in DNA and apoptosis. 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Upon intra-hepatic arterial administration, zinostatin stimalamer is deposited within tumor tissues, where the NCS moiety induces sequence-specific single and double-stranded breaks via free-radical based mechanisms, resulting in tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SMANCS","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM 881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM-881","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zinostatin Stimalamer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123760-07-6"}]}}{"C2682":{"preferredName":"Ziv-Aflibercept","code":"C2682","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. Vascular endothelial growth factor trap blocks the action of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant protein comprised of epitopes of the extracellular domains of human vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) fused to the constant region (Fc) of human IgG1 with potential antiangiogenic activity. Afilbercept, functioning as a soluble decoy receptor, binds to pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), thereby preventing VEGFs from binding to their endogenous receptors. Disruption of the binding of VEGFs to their cellular receptors may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, and ultimately tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFLIBERCEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AVE0005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aflibercept","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eylea","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGF Trap","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VEGF Trap R1R2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGF-Trap","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Trap","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zaltrap","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ziv-Aflibercept","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ziv-Aflibercept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aflibercept","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"vascular endothelial growth factor trap","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"724770"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134659"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"862111-32-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"15C2VL427D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38652"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38652"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"VEGF_Trap"}]}}{"C85475":{"preferredName":"Zolbetuximab","code":"C85475","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the antigen GC182 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, zolbetuximab specifically binds to GC128, which may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GC182-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor cell proliferation. The CD20-like antigen GC182, a gastric differentiation protein, is often overexpressed on the cell surfaces of a variety of tumor cells, including gastric, pancreatic, esophageal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Claudiximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMAB 362","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMAB-362","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMAB362","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZOLBETUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zolbetuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zolbetuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554291"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1496553-00-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TF5MPQ8WGY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647103"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647103"}]}}{"C1699":{"preferredName":"Zoledronic Acid","code":"C1699","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat patients with hypercalcemia (high blood levels of calcium) caused by cancer. It is also used together with other drugs to treat multiple myeloma and to prevent bone fractures and reduce bone pain in people who have cancer that has spread to the bone. It is a type of bisphosphonate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic imidazole bisphosphonate analog of pyrophosphate with anti-bone-resorption activity. A third-generation bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid binds to hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone matrix, slowing their dissolution and inhibiting the formation and aggregation of these crystals. This agent also inhibits farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, an enzyme involved in terpenoid biosynthesis. Inhibition of this enzyme prevents the biosynthesis of isoprenoid lipids, donor substrates of farnesylation and geranylgeranylation during the post-translational modification of small GTPase signalling proteins, which are important in the process of osteoclast turnover. Decreased bone turnover and stabilization of the bone matrix contribute to the analgesic effect of zoledronic acid with respect to painful osteoblastic lesions. The agent also reduces serum calcium concentrations associated with hypercalcemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGP 42446","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP42446A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NDC-Zoledronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reclast","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZOL 446","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZOLEDRONIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zoledronic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Zoledronic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zoledronic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zometa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Zometa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[1-Hydroxy-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethylidene]bisphosphonic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"[1-Hydroxy-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethylidene]bisphosphonic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"721517"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0257685"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"165800-06-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hypercalcemia of malignancy; Multiple myeloma and metastatic bone lesions from solid tumors; Paget's disease"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6XC1PAD3KF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42507"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42507"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H10N2O7P2.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Zoledronate"}]}}{"C74025":{"preferredName":"Zoptarelin Doxorubicin","code":"C74025","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide agonist of the gonadotropin releasing hormone-1 receptor (GnRH-1R) that is conjugated to the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Zoptarelin doxorubicin binds to GnRH-1Rs, which may be highly expressed on endometrial and ovarian tumor cell membrane surfaces, and is internalized. Once inside the cell, the doxorubicin moiety of this agent intercalates into DNA and inhibits the topoisomerase II activity, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell DNA replication and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEZS-108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AEZS108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AN 152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AN-152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-GNRH Agonist Conjugate AEZS-108","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZEN-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZOPTARELIN DOXORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zoptarelin Doxorubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zoptarelin Doxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0658619"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"139570-93-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"27844X2J29"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583257"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583257"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Doxorubicin-GNRH_Agonist_Conjugate_AEZS-108"}]}}{"C91365":{"preferredName":"Zorubicin","code":"C91365","definitions":[{"description":"A benzoylhydrazone derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunorubicin. Zorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S-cis)-Benzoic Acid[1-[4-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-2,5,12-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-6,11-dioxo-2-naphthacenyl]ethylidene]hydrazide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzoic Acid Hydrazide 3-Hydrazone with Daunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzoylhydrazone Daunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunomycin Benzoylhydrazone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rubidazon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rubidazone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"164011"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073688"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"54083-22-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V25F9362OP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H35N3O10"}]}}{"C1458":{"preferredName":"Zorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C1458","definitions":[{"description":"A benzoyl-hydrazone derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunorubicin. Zorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S-cis)-Benzoic Acid[1-[4-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-2,5,12-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-6,11-dioxo-3-naphthacenyl]ethylidene]hydrazide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzoyl Hydrazone Daunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin Benzoylhydrazone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP 22,050 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP 22050","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Rubidazone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Rubidazone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zorubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"164011"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206788"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"36508-71-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WXM8D9M6DE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39590"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39590"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H35N3O10.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Zorubicin"}]}}{"C28322":{"preferredName":"Zuclomiphene Citrate","code":"C28322","definitions":[{"description":"The cis isomer of clomiphene which exhibits weak estrogen agonist activity evaluated for antineoplastic activity against breast cancer. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cis-Clomiphene Citrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisclomiphene Citrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clomiphene citrate, cis-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ZUCLOMIPHENE CITRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zuclomiphene Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-Clomiphene citrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"151466"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522596"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7619-53-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UY5X264QZV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798814"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798814"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H28ClNO.C6H8O7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cisclomiphene"}]}}{"C120550":{"preferredName":"alpha-Folate Receptor-targeting Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor ONX-0801","code":"C120550","definitions":[{"description":"An alpha-folate receptor (aFR)-mediated inhibitor of thymidylate synthase (TS), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, ONX-0801 selectively targets and binds to aFR-expressing tumor cells. Upon uptake by aFR, this agent binds to and inhibits TS. This reduces thymine nucleotide synthesis, inhibits both DNA synthesis and cell division, and leads to tumor cell apoptosis. TS catalyzes the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP), an essential precursor for DNA synthesis, and plays a key role in cell growth and division. aFR, a cell-surface receptor glycoprotein, is overexpressed on various tumor cell types, but is minimally expressed by normal, healthy tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BGC 945","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-[2-Propyn-1-yl[(6S)-4,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxo-3H-cyclopenta[g]quinazolin-6-yl]amino]benzoyl]-l-gamma-glutamyl-d-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONX 0801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONX-0801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-Folate Receptor-targeting Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor ONX-0801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1612758"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769152"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769152"}]}}{"C121647":{"preferredName":"c-Kit Inhibitor PLX9486","code":"C121647","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor of mutated forms of the tumor-associated antigen mast/stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, c-Kit inhibitor PLX9486 binds to and inhibits specific c-Kit mutants. This may result in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in cancer cell types that overexpress these c-Kit mutations. c-Kit, a transmembrane protein and receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed in solid tumors and hematological malignancies; it plays a key role in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLX9486","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Kit Inhibitor PLX9486","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"c-Kit Inhibitor PLX9486","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053605"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770823"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770823"}]}}{"C129314":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor AL2846","code":"C129314","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration AL2846 targets and binds to the c-Met protein, prevents c-Met phosphorylation and disrupts c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AL 2846","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AL-2846","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AL2846","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor AL2846","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512253"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783249"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783249"}]}}{"C82677":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor AMG 208","code":"C82677","definitions":[{"description":"A selective small-molecule inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor AMG 208 inhibits the ligand-dependent and ligand-independent activation of c-Met, inhibiting its tyrosine kinase activity, which may result in cell growth inhibition in tumors that overexpress c-Met. C-Met encodes the hepatocyte growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase, plays an important role in epithelial cell proliferation and has been shown to be overexpressed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor AMG 208","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor AMG 208","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830208"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632625"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632625"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"c-Met_Inhibitor_AMG_208"}]}}{"C95203":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor AMG 337","code":"C95203","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor AMG 337 selectively binds to c-Met, thereby disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein, the product of the proto-oncogene c-Met, is a receptor tyrosine kinase also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR); this protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor AMG 337","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor AMG 337","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426693"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690935"}]}}{"C128895":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor HS-10241","code":"C128895","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HS-10241 targets and binds to the c-Met protein, prevents c-Met phosphorylation and disrupts c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HS-10241","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor HS-10241","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512254"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782607"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782607"}]}}{"C77893":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor JNJ-38877605","code":"C77893","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor JNJ-38877605 selectively inhibits c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) involved in cancer cell survival and invasiveness, and tumor angiogenesis. c-Met is also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ-38877605","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor JNJ-38877605","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383572"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594157"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594157"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"c-Met_Inhibitor_JNJ-38877605"}]}}{"C90591":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor MK2461","code":"C90591","definitions":[{"description":"A selective small-molecule inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor MK2461 preferentially inhibits activated c-Met in an ATP-competitive manner, thereby inhibiting its tyrosine kinase activity, which may inhibit c-Met signaling and result in cell growth inhibition in tumors that overexpress c-Met. c-Met, encoding the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) tyrosine kinase, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation and has been shown to be overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MK2461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor MK2461","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983789"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560555"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560555"}]}}{"C116866":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor MK8033","code":"C116866","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of c-Met, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, c-Met inhibitor MK8033 binds to and inhibits the autophosphorylation of the c-Met protein, which disrupts c-Met signal transduction pathways and may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. In addition, MK8033 inhibits Ron (receptor originated from nantes, MST1R). c-Met protein, which is encoded by the proto-oncogene MET, is a receptor tyrosine kinase also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR); this protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis. Ron, a member of the Met family of cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases, is also overexpressed on certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(3-(1-Methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-5-oxo-5H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-7-yl)-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)methanesulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK8033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor MK8033","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor MK8033","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3659325"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1196681-38-5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580991"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580991"}]}}{"C106370":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor MSC2156119J","code":"C106370","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met (also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR)) with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor MSC2156119J selectively binds to c-Met, which inhibits c-Met phosphorylation and disrupts c-Met-mediated signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MSC2156119J","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor MSC2156119J","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor MSC2156119J","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447736"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749525"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749525"}]}}{"C2721":{"preferredName":"c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 5132","code":"C2721","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, 20-base antisense oligodeoxynucleotide that hybridizes to c-raf kinase messenger RNA. ISIS 5132 has been shown to specifically suppress Raf-1 expression both in vitro and in vivo. Raf-1 serine/threonine kinase functions as a critical effector of Ras-mediated signal transduction; constitutive activation of this pathway directly contributes to malignant transformation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGP 69846A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP69846A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS 5132","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ISIS 5132","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS 5132/CGP69846A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS-5132","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAF-IK Antisense ODN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-RAF Antisense","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 5132","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"719336"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0389883"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42994"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42994"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"ISIS_5132"}]}}{"C147521":{"preferredName":"cEt KRAS Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD4785","code":"C147521","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary formulation composed of a high affinity antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that contains 2'-4' constrained ethyl residues (cEt) and targets KRAS (K-RAS) transcripts, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, cEt KRAS antisense oligonucleotide AZD4785 targets and binds, with high affinity, to a unique genetic sequence within KRAS messenger RNA (mRNA), thereby inhibiting translation of KRAS protein, including forms containing activating mutations. Inhibition of KRAS protein synthesis prevents KRAS-dependent signaling and inhibits the proliferation of KRAS-driven tumor cells. KRAS, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is mutated in a variety of tumor cell types. It plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival and is associated with tumor initiation, metastasis and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASO AZD4785","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD 4785","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-4785","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD4785","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Generation 2.5 Drug AZD4785","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IONIS-KRAS-2.5Rx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cEt KRAS ASO AZD4785","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cEt KRAS Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD4785","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"cEt KRAS Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD4785","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545331"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792660"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792660"}]}}{"C96227":{"preferredName":"cFMS Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ARRY-382","code":"C96227","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and orally available inhibitor of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R; cFMS) with potential antineoplastic activity. cFMS tyrosine kinase inhibitor ARRY-382 binds to and inhibits the activity of cFMS. By preventing colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1)-cFMS signaling, this agent may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in cFMS-overexpressing tumor cells. cFMS, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and plays an essential role in macrophage differentiation and regulation of cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARRY-382","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cFMS Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ARRY-382","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"cFMS Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ARRY-382","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429011"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697525"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697525"}]}}{"C99125":{"preferredName":"cis-Urocanic Acid","code":"C99125","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of the amino acid histidine, formed in the mammalian skin from trans-urocanic acid upon ultraviolet radiation, and protodynamic agent, with potential anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activity. Upon intravesical instillation of cis-urocanic acid (cis-UCA), this agent is protonated at the imidazolyl moiety in the mildly acidic extracellular tumor environment and penetrates into the cancer cell. Once inside the cell and due to the slightly alkaline pH inside the tumor cell, cis-UCA is deprotonated, i.e. the imidazolyl proton is released into the cytosol which eventually raises the intracellular acidity. This acidification impairs many cellular processes, such as metabolic activity, and may lead to cell cycle arrest, an induction of cellular apoptosis and necrotic cell death. In addition, cis-UCA enhances ERK and JNK signaling pathways by inhibiting the activity of serine/threonine and tyrosine phosphatases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"cis-UCA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-Urocanic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432945"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715688"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715688"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:30818"}]}}{"C116885":{"preferredName":"dUTPase/DPD Inhibitor TAS-114","code":"C116885","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both deoxyuridine triphosphatase (dUTPase) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), with potential antineoplastic adjuvant activity. Upon oral administration in combination with a prodrug of the pyrimidine antagonist 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), TAS-114 inhibits (DPD), the liver enzyme responsible for rapid catabolism of 5-FU into inactive metabolites. This prevents first-pass metabolism of 5-FU, allowing oral administration of the 5-FU prodrug and increasing the efficacy of 5-FU. In addition, as a dUTPase inhibitor, TAS-114 enhances the antitumor activity of 5-FU by preventing the hydrolysis and breakdown of 5-fluoro-deoxyuridine triphosphate (FdUTP) and deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP), which are active metabolites of 5-FU. This promotes DNA polymerase-dependent incorporation of these antimetabolites into DNA and leads to DNA damage and tumor cell death. Co-administration with TAS-114 allows lower dosing of 5-FU prodrugs, which decreases 5-FU-related toxicity, while maintaining therapeutic levels of 5-FU at the tumor site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TAS-114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dUTPase/DPD Inhibitor TAS-114","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"dUTPase/DPD Inhibitor TAS-114","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446618"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735151"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735151"}]}}{"C95740":{"preferredName":"eIF4E Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 183750","code":"C95740","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation antisense oligonucleotide targeting the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) with potential antitumor activity. Antisense oligonucleotide ISIS EIF4ERx suppresses the expression of eIF4E in fast dividing tumor cells. Blocking the expression of eIF4E results in inhibition of the synthesis of tumor angiogenic factors, thereby leading to the inhibition of cellular proliferation and apoptosis in tumor cells. eIF4E is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, is involved in the mRNA-ribosome binding step of eukaryotic protein synthesis and is the rate-limiting component of the eukaryotic translation apparatus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ISIS 183750","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2275796","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"eIF4E Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 183750","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"eIF4E Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 183750","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"eIF4E Inhibitor ISIS 183750","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"eIF4E Modulator ISIS 183750","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987390"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680421"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680421"}]}}{"C119616":{"preferredName":"hTERT Multipeptide/Montanide ISA-51 VG/Imiquimod Vaccine GX 301","code":"C119616","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic cancer vaccine consisting of four epitopes derived from the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic subunit of human telomerase, including hTERT (540-548) acetate, hTERT (611-626) acetate, hTERT (672-686) acetate and hTERT (766-780) acetate, emulsified individually in the adjuvant montanide ISA-51 VG and administered with the immune response modifier (IRM) imiquimod, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Each hTERT peptide emulsion is administered individually by intradermal injection. Subsequently, imiquimod is applied topically to the injection site(s). Vaccination with GX 301 may elicit a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing tumor cells. Telomerase is expressed in the majority of human cancer cells, infrequently expressed in normal cells, and is directly linked to tumorigenesis. Imiquimod stimulates cytokine production through the activation of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR-7), and also exhibits antiproliferative effects. Montanide ISA-51, also known as incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA), is a stabilized water-in-oil emulsion containing mineral oil with mannide oleate, which contains vegetable-grade (VG) oleic acid derived from olive oil. ISA-51 non-specifically stimulates cell-mediated immune responses to antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GX 301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GX301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hTERT Multipeptide/Montanide ISA-51 VG/Imiquimod Vaccine GX 301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896843"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766744"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766744"}]}}{"C80055":{"preferredName":"hTERT Vaccine V934/V935","code":"C80055","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine directed against human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic subunit of human telomerase, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, hTERT vaccine V934/V935 may elicit a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. Telomerase is involved in the restoration and maintenance of telomere length and so the functional lifespan of cells. Abnormally reactivated in tumorigenesis, telomerase is expressed in the majority of human cancer cells but is not expressed or is expressed at very low levels in normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"V934/V935","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hTERT Vaccine V934/V935","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"hTERT Vaccine V934/V935","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388391"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615723"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615723"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"hTERT_Vaccine_V934_V935"}]}}{"C119737":{"preferredName":"hTERT-encoding DNA Vaccine INVAC-1","code":"C119737","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA vaccine consisting of a plasmid encoding a modified, inactive form of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic subunit of human telomerase which synthesizes telomeric DNA at the chromosome ends, fused to ubiquitin, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal vaccination of the hTERT encoding DNA vaccine INVAC-1 in combination with electroporation, hTERT protein is expressed and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. Telomerase prolongs the functional lifespan of cells via the restoration and maintenance of telomere length. Abnormally activated in tumorigenesis, telomerase is expressed in the majority of human cancer cells, but its expression is low or non-existent in normal cells. hTERT conjugation to ubiquitin, a 76 amino-acid peptide involved in the regulation of normal protein intracellular turnover in the cytoplasm, enhances proteasome-dependent degradation of the hTERT protein, increases hTERT presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and results in an increased immune response against hTERT.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INVAC-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hTERT-encoding DNA Vaccine INVAC-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"hTERT-encoding DNA Vaccine INVAC-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896833"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766989"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766989"}]}}{"C74041":{"preferredName":"huBC1-huIL12 Fusion Protein AS1409","code":"C74041","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of the anti-tumor cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) fused to the tumor-targeting antibody BC1 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The antibody moiety of huBC1-huIL12 fusion protein AS1409 binds to the human fibronectin splice variant ED-B, delivering IL-12 directly to the tumor vasculature; tumor vasculature-targeted IL-12 initiates localized immune cascade responses and exhibits cytotoxic and anti-angiogenic activity while minimizing the systemic side effects of IL-12. The human fibronectin splice variant ED-B is over-expressed in the extracellular matrix and blood vessels of tumor tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AS1409","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huBC1-huIL12 Fusion Protein AS1409","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383540"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590612"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590612"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"huBC1-huIL12_Fusion_Protein_AS1409"}]}}{"C116728":{"preferredName":"iNOS Dimerization Inhibitor ASP9853","code":"C116728","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ASP9853 inhibits iNOS dimerization, which results in decreased nitric oxide (NO) production. iNOS expression is upregulated in certain cancers and may invoke a chronic inflammatory state in tumor cells that promotes metastatic growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"iNOS Dimerization Inhibitor ASP9853","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"iNOS Dimerization Inhibitor ASP9853","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3900153"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741936"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741936"}]}}{"C164140":{"preferredName":"iPSC-derived CD16-expressing Natural Killer Cells FT516","code":"C164140","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic, off-the-shelf, natural killer (NK) cell product derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, and engineered to express a high-affinity, non-cleavable CD16 (hnCD16) Fc receptor, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon administration, iPSC-derived CD16-expressing NK cells FT516 bind to the Fc portion of tumor cell-bound monoclonal antibodies and activate NK cell activation, cytokine secretion and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). CD16, also known as Fc-gamma receptor III, is normally expressed on the surface of NK cells, neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages, and plays a key role in initiating ADCC. It is often downregulated in certain cancers, thereby inhibiting the anti-tumor immune response. FT516 NK cells' hnCD16 Fc receptor prevents downregulation and optimizes binding to tumor-targeting antibodies for enhanced ADCC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FT 516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT-516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived CD16-expressing NK Cells FT516","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived CD16-expressing Natural Killer Cells FT516","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iPSC-derived CD16-expressing Natural Killer Cells FT516","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"iPSC-derived CD16-expressing Natural Killer Cells FT516","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799446"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799446"}]}}{"C158438":{"preferredName":"iPSC-derived Natural Killer Cells FT500","code":"C158438","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of off-the-shelf, natural killer (NK) cells derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon administration, iPSC-derived natural killer cells FT500 bind to stress-induced ligands on tumor cells, leading to tumor cell lysis and release of tumor neoantigens. Additionally, iPSC-NK cells secrete inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), C-C motif chemokines 3, 4, and 22 (CCL3, CCL4, and CCL22), and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), thereby enhancing T-cell activity and recruitment to the tumor site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FT 500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT-500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Natural Killer Cells FT500","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iPSC-NK Cells FT500","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iPSC-derived NK Cells FT500","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iPSC-derived Natural Killer Cells FT500","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"iPSC-derived Natural Killer Cells FT500","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937880"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C82654":{"preferredName":"mRNA-Derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9103","code":"C82654","definitions":[{"description":"A prostate cancer vaccine containing mRNAs encoding prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) and six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate (STEAP), with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration, mRNA-derived prostate cancer vaccine CV9103 may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response (CTL) against PSA-, PSMA-, PSCA- and STEAP-expressing prostate tumor cells. The mRNA used in this vaccine is modified and formulated to have enhanced translational potency and adjuvant activities. PSA, PSMA, PSCA and STEAP may be upregulated in prostate cancer cells; their expression in prostate cancer has been correlated with disease progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CV9103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Messenger RNA-Derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-Derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9103","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388486"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636121"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636121"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"mRNA-Derived_Prostate_Cancer_Vaccine_CV9103"}]}}{"C148239":{"preferredName":"mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine NCI-4650","code":"C148239","definitions":[{"description":"An mRNA-based therapeutic personalized cancer vaccine (PCV) targeting up to fifteen tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are specifically expressed by a patient's cancer cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The cells from the patient's tumor are analyzed and subjected to RNA sequencing to identify mutant and immunogenic epitopes. The neoantigen epitopes are screened to select those that induce a strong immune response in tumor- infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) isolated from the patient. The selected mRNA sequences encoding up to fifteen neoantigen epitopes are incorporated in a proprietary formulation designed to maximize mRNA delivery and minimize mRNA-triggered immune responses. Upon administration, the mRNA-based PCV NCI-4650 is taken up and the mRNAs are translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Then, the expressed epitopes are presented via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of the APCs. This induces both cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)- and memory T-cell-dependent immune responses that specifically target and destroy the patient's cancer cells that express these neoantigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NCI 4650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCI-4650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-based PCV NCI-4650","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine NCI-4650","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine NCI-4650","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550832"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795447"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795447"}]}}{"C146813":{"preferredName":"mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine mRNA-4157","code":"C146813","definitions":[{"description":"An mRNA-based individualized, therapeutic personalized cancer vaccine (PCV) targeting twenty tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are specifically expressed by the patient's cancer cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The cells from the patient's tumor are analyzed, and genetic sequencing is used to identify twenty neoantigen epitopes that may elicit the strongest immune response in the patient. The sequences encoding the twenty patient-specific epitopes are transcribed and loaded onto a single mRNA molecule. Upon administration, the mRNA-based PCV mRNA-4157 is taken up and translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Then, the expressed epitopes are presented via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of the APCs. This leads to an induction of both cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)- and memory T-cell-dependent immune responses that specifically target and destroy the patient's cancer cells that express these neoantigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PCV mRNA-4157","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA 4157","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-4157","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-based PCV mRNA-4157","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine mRNA-4157","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine mRNA-4157","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544754"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792256"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792256"}]}}{"C154274":{"preferredName":"mRNA-based TriMix Melanoma Vaccine ECI-006","code":"C154274","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma vaccine consisting of mRNAs encoding five different melanoma tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and a TriMix platform comprised of three mRNAs encoding for constitutively activated toll-like receptor 4 (caTLR4), CD40 ligand (CD40L), and CD70, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intranodal injection, mRNA based TriMix vaccine ECI-006 may stimulate the immune system to mount both humoral and cellular responses against tumor cells expressing the five TAAs specific to the vaccine, potentially decreasing cellular proliferation of cells expressing these antigens. The TriMix adjuvants CD40L and caTLR4 promote the generation of mature and active dendritic cells (DCs), and CD70 provides a costimulatory signal to CD27+ naive T-cells, thereby supporting T-cell proliferation and inhibiting T-cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ECI 006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECI-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECI006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-based TriMix Melanoma Vaccine ECI-006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555271"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794159"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794159"}]}}{"C156926":{"preferredName":"mRNA-based Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine GRT-R902","code":"C156926","definitions":[{"description":"An mRNA-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of a self-amplifying mRNA (SAM), formulated in a lipid nanoparticle (LNP), targeting twenty tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs) that have been identified through genetic sequencing of a patient's tumor cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of the mRNA-based tumor-specific neoantigen boosting vaccine GRT-R902, the mRNA is taken up and translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Then, the expressed epitopes are presented via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of APCs. This leads to an induction of both cytotoxic T-lymphocyte and memory T-cell dependent immune responses that specifically target and destroy the patient's cancer cells that express these neoantigens. mRNA-based TSNA boosting vaccine is administered after a single dose of the adenoviral tumor-specific neoantigen priming vaccine GRT-C901. The combined immunotherapy product, consisting of priming and boosting vaccines, is referred to as GRANITE-001.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Boosting Cancer Vaccine GRT-R902","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRT R902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRT-R902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRTR902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-based TSNA Boosting Vaccine GRT-R902","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-based Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine GRT-R902","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"mRNA-based Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine GRT-R902","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935911"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796480"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796480"}]}}{"C162186":{"preferredName":"mRNA-derived KRAS-targeted Vaccine V941","code":"C162186","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-formulated mRNA-based cancer vaccine that targets four of the most commonly occurring KRAS mutations (G12D, G12V, G13D, and G12C), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, the mRNA-derived KRAS-targeted vaccine V941 (mRNA-5671) is taken up and translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Following translation, the epitopes are presented via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of the APCs. This leads to an induction of both cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)- and memory T-cell-dependent immune responses that specifically target and destroy tumor cells harboring these specific KRAS mutations. KRAS, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is mutated in a variety of tumor cell types. It plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival and is associated with tumor initiation, metastasis and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"V 941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA 5671","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-5671","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-5671 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-derived KRAS-targeted Vaccine V941","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"mRNA-derived KRAS-targeted Vaccine V941","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798633"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798633"}]}}{"C111574":{"preferredName":"mRNA-derived Lung Cancer Vaccine BI 1361849","code":"C111574","definitions":[{"description":"A non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) vaccine containing six modified mRNAs, which encode six different NSCLC associated antigens, with potential antitumor and immunomodulatory activities. Upon intradermal administration, mRNA-derived lung cancer vaccine BI 1361849 may stimulate the immune system to mount both humoral and cellular responses against NSCLC cells. The six tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) encoded by these mRNAs are frequently expressed by NSCLC cells and are minimally expressed or absent in normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 1361849","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI1361849","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV9202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-derived Lung Cancer Vaccine BI 1361849","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL453982"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752248"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752248"}]}}{"C106231":{"preferredName":"mRNA-derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9104","code":"C106231","definitions":[{"description":"A prostate cancer vaccine containing six messenger RNAs (mRNAs) encoding for antigens upregulated in prostate cancer, including mRNAs for prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), and mucin 1 (MUC1), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intradermal administration of mRNA-derived prostate cancer vaccine CV9104, this agent enters cells, the mRNAs are translated into the respective prostate specific antigens and may cause the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response (CTL) against PSA-, PSMA-, PAP- and MUC1-expressing prostate tumor cells. The mRNAs used in this vaccine are modified to have enhanced translational potency and adjuvant activities. PSA, PSMA, PAP and MUC1 are frequently upregulated in prostate cancer cells; their expression in prostate cancer has been correlated with disease progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CV9104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RNActive-derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447407"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748869"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748869"}]}}{"C133227":{"preferredName":"mTOR Inhibitor GDC-0349","code":"C133227","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, ATP-competitive, tetrahydroquinazoline (THQ)-based inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GDC-0349 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of mTOR, which may result in both the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the phosphatidylinositol-3 (PI3K) kinase-related kinase (PIKK) family, plays an important role in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway that regulates cell growth and proliferation, and its expression or activity is frequently dysregulated in human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-1-ethyl-3-(4-(4-(3-methylmorpholino)-7-(oxetan-3-yl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC 0349","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0349","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC0349","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTOR Inhibitor GDC-0349","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433839"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1207360-89-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700941"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700941"}]}}{"C78856":{"preferredName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor AZD8055","code":"C78856","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. mTOR kinase inhibitor AZD8055 inhibits the serine/threonine kinase activity of mTOR, resulting in decreased expression of mRNAs necessary for cell cycle progression, which may induce cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. mTOR phosphorylates transcription factors, such as S6K1 and 4E-BP1, which stimulate protein synthesis and regulate cell growth, proliferation, motility, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD8055","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor AZD8055","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor AZD8055","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703143"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612860"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612860"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"mTOR_Kinase_Inhibitor_AZD8055"}]}}{"C92575":{"preferredName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-223","code":"C92575","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. mTOR kinase inhibitor CC-223 inhibits the activity of mTOR, which may result in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in a variety of tumors, plays an important role downstream in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which is frequently dysregulated in human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TORKi","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-223","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-223","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2985184"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683644"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683644"}]}}{"C78476":{"preferredName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor OSI-027","code":"C78476","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. mTOR kinase inhibitor OSI-027 binds to and inhibits both the raptor-mTOR (TOR complex 1 or TORC1) and the rictor-mTOR (TOR complex 2 or TORC2) complexes of mTOR, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in some tumors and plays an important role downstream in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Kinase Inhibitor OSI-027","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-027","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OSI-027","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor OSI-027","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor OSI-027","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703121"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"25MKH1SZ0M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600513"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600513"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"mTOR_Kinase_Inhibitor_OSI-027"}]}}{"C128632":{"preferredName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PP242","code":"C128632","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(4-Amino-1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-3-yl)-1H-indol-5-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PP-242","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PP-242","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PP242","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PP242","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3492864"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1092351-67-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H5669VNZ7V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C101132":{"preferredName":"mTOR1/2 Kinase Inhibitor ME-344","code":"C101132","definitions":[{"description":"An active metabolite of NV-128, a novel flavonoid small molecule inhibitor of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, mTOR1/2 Kinase inhibitor ME-344 downregulates the PIK3/AKT/mTOR pathway and results in chromatin condensation in the absence of caspase activation. Consequently, this agent induces caspase-independent cell death in tumor cells with a de-regulated PIK3/AKT/mTOR pathway or chemotherapeutic resistant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ME-344","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTOR1/2 Kinase Inhibitor ME-344","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3639999"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"728650"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"728650"}]}}{"C148528":{"preferredName":"mTORC 1/2 Inhibitor LXI-15029","code":"C148528","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of raptor-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTOR complex 1; mTORC1) and rictor-mTOR complex 2 (mTOR complex 2; mTORC2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mTORC1/2 inhibitor LXI-15029 binds to the kinase domain of mTOR and inhibits both mTORC1 and mTORC2, in an ATP-competitive manner. This inhibits mTOR-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of apoptosis and a decrease in the proliferation of mTORC1/2-expressing tumor cells. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in certain tumor cell types. It plays an important role in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which is often deregulated in cancer cells and promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LXI-15029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LXI15029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCC-31","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTORC 1/2 Inhibitor LXI-15029","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551141"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792688"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792688"}]}}{"C122836":{"preferredName":"mTORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor BI 860585","code":"C122836","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of raptor-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTOR complex 1; mTORC1) and rictor-mTOR complex 2 (mTOR complex 2; mTORC2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mTORC1/2 kinase inhibitor BI 860585 binds to the kinase domain of mTOR and inhibits both mTORC1 and mTORC2, in an ATP-competitive manner. This inhibits mTOR-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of apoptosis and a decrease in the proliferation of mTORC1/2-expressing tumor cells. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in certain tumor cell types. It plays an important role in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which is often deregulated in cancer cells and promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 860585","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor BI 860585","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471745"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753378"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753378"}]}}{"C117290":{"preferredName":"mTORC1/mTORC2/DHFR Inhibitor ABTL0812","code":"C117290","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, lipid analogue and inhibitor of raptor-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) (mTOR complex 1; mTORC1), rictor-mTOR (mTOR complex 2; mTORC2) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mTORC1/mTORC2/DHFR inhibitor ABTL0812 binds to and inhibits both mTORC1 and mTORC2, which may result in apoptosis and a decrease in proliferation in mTORC1/2-expressing tumor cells. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in some tumors; it plays an important role in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway which is often deregulated in cancer cells. In addition, ABTL0812 inhibits DHFR, an enzyme that reduces dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid, thereby blocking tetrahydrofolate synthesis, and resulting in both the depletion of nucleotide precursors and the inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. This induces autophagy-induced cell death and further inhibition of cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABTL0812","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTORC1/mTORC2/DHFR Inhibitor ABTL0812","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474116"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763422"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763422"}]}}{"C123825":{"preferredName":"ncmtRNA Oligonucleotide Andes-1537","code":"C123825","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary antisense oligonucleotide targeting a novel non-coding mitochondrial RNA (ncmtRNA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Andes-1537 binds to ncmtRNA, which is overexpressed in rapidly proliferating cells, such as cancer cells, and not expressed in resting cells. This may decrease the expression of the ncmtRNA, which may inhibit cell proliferation and eventually induce apoptosis in susceptible cancer cells. The proprietary mitochondrial RNA (mtRNA) belongs to the family of non-coding RNAs (ncRNA); it contains an inverted repeat (IR) of 815 nucleotides (nt), which can form a covalent link to the 5' end of the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA (16S mtrRNA).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Andes-1537","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ncmtRNA Oligonucleotide Andes-1537","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ncmtRNA Oligonucleotide Andes-1537","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498219"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775628"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775628"}]}}{"C160195":{"preferredName":"p300/CBP Bromodomain Inhibitor CCS1477","code":"C160195","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the highly conserved bromodomains of the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) paralogs, p300 (E1A-associated protein p300; p300 HAT) and CREB binding protein (CBP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, p300/CBP bromodomain inhibitor CCS1477 selectively and reversibly binds to the bromodomains of p300 and CBP. This disrupts the acetylation of histones and other proteins and prevents the co-activation of key transcription factors that contribute to tumor progression including the androgen receptor (AR), androgen receptor splice variants (AR-SV), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1-alpha) and Myc proto-oncogene protein (c-Myc). The HAT paralogs p300 and CBP are key transcriptional co-activators that are essential for a multitude of cellular processes and are implicated in the progression and therapeutic resistance of certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCS 1477","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCS-1477","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCS1477","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p300 HAT/CREB Binding Protein Inhibitor CCS1477","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p300/CBP Bromodomain Inhibitor CCS1477","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797847"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797847"}]}}{"C99134":{"preferredName":"p38 MAPK Inhibitor LY3007113","code":"C99134","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor with potential immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, LY3007113 inhibits the activity of p38, thereby preventing p38 MAPK-mediated signaling. This may result in the inhibition of the production of proinflammatory cytokines and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. p38 MAPK, a serine/threonine protein kinase often upregulated in cancer cells, plays a crucial part in the production of a variety of cytokines involved in inflammation and cellular proliferation such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-1 and -6.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LY3007113","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p38 MAPK Inhibitor LY3007113","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"p38 MAPK Inhibitor LY3007113","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432952"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"716106"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"716106"}]}}{"C1986":{"preferredName":"p53 Peptide Vaccine MPS-128","code":"C1986","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based cancer vaccine composed of amino acids 264 to 272 of the wild-type protein encoded by the P53 gene. p53 peptide vaccine may elicit an HLA-A2.1-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte immune response against tumor cells that overexpress p53 protein. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MPS-128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPS-128","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-147","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-147","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p53 Peptide Vaccine MPS-128","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p53:264-272 Peptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"717111"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879339"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43633"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43633"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"p53_Peptide_Vaccine"}]}}{"C106120":{"preferredName":"p53-HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor MI-773","code":"C106120","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available spiro-oxindole HDM2 (human double minute 2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the p53-HDM2 protein-protein interaction inhibitor MI-773 binds to HDM2, preventing the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored, which may result in the restoration of p53 signaling and lead to the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is often overexpressed in cancer cells. It has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MI-773","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR405838","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p53-HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor MI-773","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"p53-HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor MI-773","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p53-MDM2 Interaction Inhibitor MI-773","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3853940"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737146"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737146"}]}}{"C132991":{"preferredName":"p53-HDM2 Protein-protein Interaction Inhibitor APG-115","code":"C132991","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of human homolog of double minute 2 (HDM2; mouse double minute 2 homolog; MDM2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the p53-HDM2 protein-protein interaction inhibitor APG-115 binds to HDM2, preventing the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This may result in the restoration of p53 signaling and lead to the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is often overexpressed in cancer cells. It has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APG 115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG-115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDM2-p53 Inhibitor APG-115","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p53-HDM2 Protein-protein Interaction Inhibitor APG-115","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520348"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787602"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787602"}]}}{"C104280":{"preferredName":"p53/HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor CGM097","code":"C104280","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable HDM2 (human homolog of double minute 2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, p53/HDM2 interaction inhibitor CGM097 inhibits the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited, which may result in the restoration of p53 signaling and, thus, the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2, a zinc finger nuclear phosphoprotein, is a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, often overexpressed in cancer cells and has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGM097","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDM2/p53 Inhibitor CGM097","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p53/HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor CGM097","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"p53/HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor CGM097","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641742"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744999"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744999"}]}}{"C91393":{"preferredName":"p70S6K Inhibitor LY2584702","code":"C91393","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of p70S6K signaling, with potential antineoplastic activity. p70S6K inhibitor LY2584702 inhibits ribosomal protein S6 Kinase (p70S6K), and prevents phosphorylation of the S6 subunit of ribosomes, thereby inhibiting normal ribosomal function within tumor cells leading to a decrease in protein synthesis and in cellular proliferation. P70S6K, a serine/threonine kinase, acts downstream of PIP3 and phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 in the PI3 kinase pathway, is often upregulated in a variety of cancer cells, and is involved in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation, motility, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LY2584702","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p70S6K Inhibitor LY2584702","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984214"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673507"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673507"}]}}{"C112004":{"preferredName":"p70S6K/Akt Inhibitor MSC2363318A","code":"C112004","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinases ribosomal protein S6 Kinase (p70S6K) and Akt (protein kinase B), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, p70S6K/Akt inhibitor MSC2363318A binds to and inhibits the activity of p70S6K and Akt. This prevents the activation of the PI3K/Akt/p70S6K signaling pathway and inhibits tumor cell proliferation in cancer cells that have an overactivated PI3K/Akt/p70S6K signaling pathway. Constitutive activation and dysregulated signaling of the PI3K/Akt/p70S6K pathway are frequently associated with tumorigenesis of many tumor types; targeting multiple kinases in this pathway is more efficacious than targeting a single kinase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MSC2363318A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p70S6K/Akt Inhibitor MSC2363318A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"p70S6K/Akt Inhibitor MSC2363318A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454293"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754258"}]}}{"C118287":{"preferredName":"p97 Inhibitor CB-5083","code":"C118287","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of valosin-containing protein (VCP) p97, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CB-5083 specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of p97. This prevents ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation and causes cellular accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins. The inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation activates the ER-dependent stress response pathway, and leads to both an induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. p97, a type II AAA ATPase, plays a key role in cellular protein homeostasis. Its overexpression in many tumor cell types is associated with increased tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CB-5083","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p97 Inhibitor CB-5083","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896891"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764238"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764238"}]}}{"C157262":{"preferredName":"pDNA-encoding Emm55 Autologous Cancer Cell Vaccine IFx-Hu2.0","code":"C157262","definitions":[{"description":"A whole cell cancer vaccine composed of irradiated autologous whole tumor cells that are transfected, ex vivo, with a plasmid DNA encoding the highly immunogenic Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) bacterial antigen Emm55, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intralesional administration of IFx-Hu2.0, the tumor cells expressing the Emm55 bacterial antigen on their cell surface are taken up and processed by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), thereby presenting both the Emm55 and the patient-specific tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) to the immune system. This activates the immune system to elicit a tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the tumor cells expressing the TAAs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Cancer Cell-transfected with Plasmid DNA Encoding for Emm55 Streptococcal Antigen IFx-Hu2.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFx-Hu2.0","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ImmuneFx","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmid DNA Autologous Cancer Vaccine IFx-Hu2.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmid DNA Vaccine Encoding S. pyogenes Emm55 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pDNA Autologous Cancer Cell Vaccine IFx-Hu2.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pDNA-encoding Emm55 Autologous Cancer Cell Vaccine IFx-Hu2.0","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pDNA-encoding Emm55 Autologous Cancer Cell Vaccine IFx-Hu2.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936865"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796807"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796807"}]}}{"C124931":{"preferredName":"pan FGFR Inhibitor PRN1371","code":"C124931","definitions":[{"description":"A highly specific covalent inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor types 1, 2, 3 and 4 (FGFR1-4) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. FGFR1-4 tyrosine kinase inhibitor PRN1371 specifically binds to a conserved cysteine residue in the glycine-rich loop in FGFRs and inhibits their tyrosine kinase activity, which may result in the inhibition of both tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. FGFRs are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases, which may be upregulated in various tumor cell types and may be involved in tumor cell differentiation, proliferation and survival, and in tumor angiogenesis. This agent potently inhibits FGFR1-4 but does not inhibit other tyrosine kinases, even those that share the conserved cysteine, which may improve therapeutic responses and decrease toxicity when compared with less selective inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGFR 1-4 Inhibitor PRN1371","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRN 1371","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRN1371","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-FGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PRN1371","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan FGFR Inhibitor PRN1371","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pan FGFR Inhibitor PRN1371","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan FGFR Inhibitor PRN1371","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503800"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777939"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777939"}]}}{"C48380":{"preferredName":"pan-HER Kinase Inhibitor AC480","code":"C48380","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. BMS-599626 inhibits human epidermal growth factor receptors (HER) HER1, HER2 and HER4, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress these receptors. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AC480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC480","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-599626","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BMS-599626","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-HER Kinase Inhibitor AC480","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pan-HER Kinase Inhibitor AC480","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541473"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655952"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655952"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"BMS-599626"}]}}{"C117230":{"preferredName":"pan-PI3K Inhibitor CLR457","code":"C117230","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pan inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-PI3K inhibitor CLR457 inhibits all of the PI3K kinase isoforms, which may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition in tumor cells overexpressing PI3K. Activation of the PI3K pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CLR457","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-PI3K Inhibitor CLR457","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474098"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763082"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763082"}]}}{"C85469":{"preferredName":"pan-PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor SF1126","code":"C85469","definitions":[{"description":"A water soluble, small-molecule prodrug containing the pan-PI3K/mTOR inhibitor LY294002/SF1101 conjugated to the RGD-containing tetra-peptide SF1174 with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. The targeting peptide SF1174 moiety of pan-PI3K/mTOR inhibitor SF1126 selectively binds to cell surface integrins and, upon cell entry, the agent is hydrolyzed to the active drug SF1101; SF1101 selectively inhibits all isoforms of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and other members of the PI3K superfamily, such as the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and DNA-PK. By inhibiting the PI3K signaling pathway, this agent may inhibit tumor cell and tumor endothelial cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SF-1126","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SF1126","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor SF1126","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pan-PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor SF1126","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2351370"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DL0Q912033"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"644818"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"644818"}]}}{"C99380":{"preferredName":"pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1208","code":"C99380","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of PIM kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pan-PIM kinase inhibitor AZD1208 inhibits the activities of PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3 serine/threonine kinases, which may result in the interruption of the G1/S phase cell cycle transition, thereby causing cell cycle arrest and inducing apoptosis in cells that overexpress PIMs. The growth inhibition of several leukemia cell lines by this agent is correlated with the expression levels of PIM1, which is the substrate of STAT transcription factors. PIM kinases are downstream effectors of many cytokine and growth factor signaling pathways and are upregulated in various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD1208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1208","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1208","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274705"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"720042"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"720042"}]}}{"C128615":{"preferredName":"pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor NVP-LGB-321","code":"C128615","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule and selective ATP-competitive pan-inhibitor of proviral integration sites for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-PIM kinase inhibitor NVP-LGB-321 binds to and prevents the activation of the three PIM family kinases, PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3. This prevents the activation of PIM-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits proliferation in cells that overexpress PIMs. PIMs, constitutively active proto-oncogenic serine/threonine kinases upregulated in various types of cancers, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LGB321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVP-LGB-321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM Inhibitor NVP-LGB-321","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor NVP-LGB-321","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor NVP-LGB-321","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor NVP-LGB-321","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509289"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C125003":{"preferredName":"pan-RAF Inhibitor LXH254","code":"C125003","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of all members of the serine/threonine protein kinase Raf family, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-RAF inhibitor LXH254 binds to Raf proteins and inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation of Raf-overexpressing tumor cells. Raf protein kinases are critical enzymes in the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types. They play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LXH 254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LXH-254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LXH254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Raf Family Kinase Inhibitor LXH254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-RAF Inhibitor LXH254","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pan-RAF Inhibitor LXH254","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor LXH254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503849"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778192"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778192"}]}}{"C121952":{"preferredName":"pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor CCT3833","code":"C121952","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase family Raf, including A-Raf, B-Raf and C-Raf, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-RAF kinase inhibitor CCT3833 inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may inhibit the proliferation of Raf-overexpressing tumor cells. Raf protein kinases play a key role in the RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, which is often dysregulated in human cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAL3833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCT3833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor CCT3833","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053656"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772112"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772112"}]}}{"C106254":{"preferredName":"pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor TAK-580","code":"C106254","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of A-Raf, B-Raf and C-Raf protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-RAF kinase inhibitor TAK-580 inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Raf protein kinases play a key role in the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, which is often deregulated in human cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-2-(1-(6-amino-5-chloropyrimidine-4-carboxamido)ethyl)-N-(5-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)thiazole-5-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIIB-024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN-2480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN2480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-580","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK580","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor TAK-580","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor TAK-580","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433881"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1096708-71-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710688"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710688"}]}}{"C99639":{"preferredName":"pbi-shRNA STMN1 Lipoplex","code":"C99639","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary RNA interference construct consisting of bifunctional short hairpin RNAs (shRNA) against human stathmin 1 (STMN1) encapsulated in the cationic bilamellar invaginated vesicle lipoplex (LP) with potential antineoplastic activity. pbi-shRNA STMN1 LP contains 2 stem-loop structures encoded by a plasmid vector. Upon intratumoral administration, one shRNA unit with a perfectly matched sequence renders the suppression of STMN1 mRNA translation (mRNA sequestration and cleavage-independent degradation) while the other unit with an imperfectly matched sequence renders STMN1 mRNA degradation via RNase H-like cleavage (cleavage-dependent mRNA silencing). The suppression of STMN1 expression in tumor cells result in a reduction of tumor cell proliferation. STMN1, a ubiquitous cytosolic phosphoprotein and tubulin modulator that plays a key role in mitosis, is overexpressed in a variety of tumors and correlates with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"pbi-shRNA STMN1 LP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pbi-shRNA STMN1 Lipoplex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433303"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"722324"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"722324"}]}}{"C95772":{"preferredName":"siG12D LODER","code":"C95772","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, miniature biodegradable polymeric matrix containing small-interfering RNAs for the mutated KRAS oncogene, KRASG12D, (siG12D), with potential antitumor activity. Upon intratumoral injection, this siG12D is released locally, thereby preventing translation of KRAS proteins and potentially inhibiting growth of tumor cells overexpressing KRAS. KRAS, a member of the small GTPase superfamily, is mutated in over 90% of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) and is associated with tumor cell proliferation and reduced survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"siG12D LODER","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"siG12D LODER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428214"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685237"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685237"}]}}{"C116353":{"preferredName":"siRNA-transfected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells APN401","code":"C116353","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) transfected ex vivo with small-interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) directed against the E3 ubiquitin ligase casitas B-lineage lymphoma-b gene (Cbl-b), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. The Cbl-b gene is silenced ex vivo through the binding of Cbl-b siRNA to Cbl-b mRNA, which prevents the translation of the Cbl-b protein in T-lymphocytes. Upon infusion, the activated, Cbl-b-silenced T-lymphocytes are able to increase the production of cytokines, proliferate and activate the immune system, which leads to cancer cell eradication. Cbl-b, a negative regulator of the immune system, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types. Its expression is inversely correlated with activation of T-lymphocytes and tumor cell eradication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APN401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"siRNA-transfected PBMC APN401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"siRNA-transfected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells APN401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473671"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761870"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761870"}]}}{"C150401":{"preferredName":"ssRNA-based Immunomodulator CV8102","code":"C150401","definitions":[{"description":"A 547 nucleotide (nt), noncoding, uncapped single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) containing several polyU-repeats complexed with a polymeric carrier formed by disulfide-crosslinked cationic peptides, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon intratumoral injection, the ssRNA in CV8102 activates toll-like receptors (TLRs) and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG I; RIG-I; DDX58). This stimulates a T-helper type 1 cell (Th1) response, the production of a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and activates a systemic cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the tumor cells when simultaneously exposed to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). The cationic carrier peptides protect the ssRNA from RNase degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CV 8102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV-8102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV8102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RNA-based Adjuvant CV8102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RNAdjuvant","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ssRNA-based Immunomodulator CV8102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552154"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792862"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792862"}]}}{"C94614":{"preferredName":"Total Androgen Blockade","code":"C94614","definitions":[{"description":"Therapy used to eliminate male sex hormones (androgens) in the body. This may be done with surgery, hormonal therapy, or a combination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Total Androgen Blockade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"total androgen blockade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986598"}]}}{"C1418":{"preferredName":"Clodronate Disodium","code":"C1418","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used as treatment for hypercalcemia (abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood) and for cancer that has spread to the bone (bone metastases). It may decrease pain, the risk of fractures, and the development of new bone metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The disodium salt of a nitrogen-free bisphosphonate analog of naturally occurring pyrophosphate. Clodronate binds to calcium and inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption and hydroxyapatite crystal formation and dissolution, resulting in a reduction of bone turnover. This agent may control malignancy-associated hypercalcemia, inhibit osteolytic bone metastasis and decrease pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bonefos","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bonefos","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL2MDP","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLODRONATE DISODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clasteon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clodronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clodronate Disodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Clodronate Disodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clodronic Acid Disodium Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dichloromethylene Diphosphonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Difosfonal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Loron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mebonat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossiten","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"clodronate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"713466"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008994"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"88416-50-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Adjuvant usage in bone metastasis of Breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N030400H8J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41862"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41862"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"CH2Cl2O6P2.2Na.4H2O"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Clodronate_Disodium"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:59587"}]}}{"C20493":{"preferredName":"Interferon","code":"C20493","definitions":[{"description":"A biological response modifier (a substance that can improve the body's natural response to infection and disease). Interferons interfere with the division of cancer cells and can slow tumor growth. There are several types of interferons, including interferon-alpha, -beta, and -gamma. These substances are normally produced by the body. They are also made in the laboratory for use in treating cancer and other diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Human interferons have been classified into 3 groups: alpha, beta, and gamma. Both alpha- and beta-IFNs, previously designated type I, are acid-stable, but they differ immunologically and in regard to some biologic and physiochemical properties. The IFNs produced by virus-stimulated leukocytes (leukocyte IFNs) are predominantly of the alpha type. Those produced by lymphoblastoid cells are about 90% alpha and 10% beta. Induced fibroblasts produce mainly or exclusively the beta type. The alpha- and beta-IFNs differ widely in amino acid sequence. The gamma or immune IFNs, which are produced by T lymphocytes in response to mitogens or to antigens to which they are sensitized, are acid-labile and serologically distinct from alpha- and beta-IFNs. (from OMIM 147570)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Fibroblast Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Leukocyte Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Lymphoblastoid Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Interferon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"interferon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021747"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Interferon"}]}}{"C756":{"preferredName":"Platinum","code":"C756","definitions":[{"description":"A metal that is an important component of some anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin and carboplatin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An element with atomic symbol Pt, atomic number 78, and atomic weight 195.09.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C.I. 77795","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLATINUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Platinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum Metallicum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pt","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"platinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032207"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7440-06-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"49DFR088MY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"Pt"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Platinum"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:33400"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:33364"}]}}{"C28310":{"preferredName":"Dendritic Cell Vaccine","code":"C28310","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine made of antigens and dendritic antigen-presenting cells (APCs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dendritic Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dendritic cell vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511767"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Dendritic_Cell_Vaccine"}]}}{"C88322":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel Formulation CKD-810","code":"C88322","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semisynthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CKD-810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Formulation CKD-810","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413582"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661020"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661020"}]}}{"C165259":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel Formulation CKD-810","code":"C165259","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semisynthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CKD-810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Formulation CKD-810","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Wed Dec 11 10:55:03 EST 2019 - See 'Docetaxel Formulation CKD-810(C88322)'"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C67437"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413582"}]}}{"C139714":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer pT1b1 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139714","definitions":[{"description":"Cervical cancer with clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer pT1b1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma pT1b1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pT1b1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537804"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T1b1"}]}}{"C139715":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer pT1b2 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139715","definitions":[{"description":"Cervical cancer with clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IB2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer pT1b2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IB2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma pT1b2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pT1b2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537803"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T1b2"}]}}{"C139718":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer pT2a1 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139718","definitions":[{"description":"Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina without parametrial invasion. Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IIA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer pT2a1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IIA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma pT2a1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pT2a1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537800"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T2a1"}]}}{"C139719":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer pT2a2 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139719","definitions":[{"description":"Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina without parametrial invasion. Clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IIA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer pT2a2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IIA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma pT2a2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pT2a2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537910"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T2a2"}]}}{"C139415":{"preferredName":"Breast Cancer pTis (Paget) TNM Finding v8","code":"C139415","definitions":[{"description":"Paget disease of the nipple not associated with invasive carcinoma and/or carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in the underlying breast parenchyma. 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It may be filled with fluid or other material.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sac-like closed pocket of tissue that may be empty or may be filled with fluid, gas, semisolid, or amorphous material. 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The malignant cells are enlarged, contain prominent nucleoli, and have increased nuclear/cytoloplasmic ratio. The malignant cells may grow within the ducts and acini in four architectural patterns: flat, tufting, micropapillary, and cribriform. The presence of high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in needle biopsy is a risk factor for the subsequent detection of carcinoma on repeat biopsy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HGPIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia of Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia of the Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade PIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1168327"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"High-Grade_Prostatic_Intraepithelial_Neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"High-grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN)"}]}}{"C3137":{"preferredName":"Inflammation","code":"C3137","definitions":[{"description":"A response to an injury or abnormal stimuli characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and varying degrees of vascular and tissue reactions (hyperemia, edema, fibrin, and/or fibrosis).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Redness, swelling, pain, and/or a feeling of heat in an area of the body. This is a protective reaction to injury, disease, or irritation of the tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A localized protective response resulting from injury or destruction of tissues. Inflammation serves to destroy, dilute, or wall off both the injurious agent and the injured tissue. In the acute phase, inflammation is characterized by the signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. Histologically, inflammation involves a complex series of events, including dilatation of arterioles, capillaries, and venules, with increased permeability and blood flow; exudation of fluids, including plasma proteins; and leukocyte migration into the site of inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INFLAMMATION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inflammation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021368"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Inflammation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Inflammation"}]}}{"C26882":{"preferredName":"Sialadenitis","code":"C26882","definitions":[{"description":"An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting a salivary gland. 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NOTE: Under 21 CFR 50.20, no informed consent form may include any \"language through which the subject or the representative is made to waive or appear to waive any of the subject's legal rights, or releases or appears to release the investigator, the sponsor, the institution, or its agents from liability for negligence.\" In some cases, when the prospective subject is unable to provide legal consent, permission to participate may be obtained from a legally-authorized representative. See also consent form.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"description":"Consent given by a subject, or in the case of an individual that can only give assent, by a parent or legal guardian, for the participation in a clinical study only after having achieved an understanding of both the relevant medical facts and the relevant risks involved.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Consent by a patient to a surgical or medical procedure or participation in a clinical study after achieving an understanding of the relevant medical facts and the risks involved.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Formal Consent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INFORMED CONSENT OBTAINED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Informed Consent","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Informed Consent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"informed consent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"informed consent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021430"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Informed_Consent"}]}}{"C27886":{"preferredName":"Type 1 Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27886","definitions":[{"description":"A papillary renal cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of papillae covered by small cells with scant amount of cytoplasm. The cells are arranged in a single layer on the basement membrane of the papillae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Type 1 Papillary Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Type 1 Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336839"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Type_1_Papillary_Renal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Type 1"}]}}{"C27887":{"preferredName":"Type 2 Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27887","definitions":[{"description":"A papillary renal cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of papillae covered by cells of a higher nuclear grade as compared to type 1 papillary renal cell carcinoma. The cells have eosinophilic cytoplasm and pseudostratified nuclei.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Type 2 Papillary Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Type 2 Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336840"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Type_2_Papillary_Renal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Type 2"}]}}{"C160996":{"preferredName":"Transglottic Extension of Laryngeal Tumor","code":"C160996","definitions":[{"description":"Extension of a laryngeal tumor beyond the glottic opening into the ventricles and vocal cords.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Transglottic Extension","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transglottic Extension of Laryngeal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[]}}{"C26659":{"preferredName":"Marijuana","code":"C26659","definitions":[{"description":"The dried leaves and flowering tops of the Cannabis sativa plant, or an extract from the plant. Marijuana is being studied in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy or opiate drugs, such as morphine sulfate. Marijuana is also being studied in the treatment of pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any part of, or extract from, the female hemp plant Cannabis sativa. Marijuana contains cannabinoids, substances with hallucinogenic, psychoactive, and addictive properties. This agent has potential use for treating cancer pain and cachexia. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cannabis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marijuana","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Marijuana","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"marijuana","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC_Code","value":"134452"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024808"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269131"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269131"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Marijuana"}]}}{"C891":{"preferredName":"Tobacco","code":"C891","definitions":[{"description":"A plant with leaves that have high levels of the addictive chemical nicotine. The leaves may be smoked (in cigarettes, cigars, and pipes), applied to the gums (as dipping and chewing tobacco), or inhaled (as snuff). Tobacco leaves also contain many cancer-causing chemicals, and tobacco use and exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke have been linked to many types of cancer and other diseases. The scientific name is Nicotiana tabacum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The dried cured leaves of the tobacco plant, Nicotiana tabacum, used for smoking, chewing, or snuff. Tobacco contains nicotine, a stimulant, and other biologically active ingredients having carcinogenic properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TOBACCO LEAF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tobacco","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tobacco","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040329"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"8037-19-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6YR2608RSU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Tobacco"}]}}{"C84263":{"preferredName":"Mild Adverse Event","code":"C84263","definitions":[{"description":"An adverse event that is asymptomatic; or involves mild or minor symptoms; or is of marginal clinical relevance; or consists of clinical or diagnostic observations alone; or for which intervention is not indicated; or for which only non-prescription intervention is indicated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CTCAE v4 Grade 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mild Adverse Event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412750"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"}]}}{"C84264":{"preferredName":"Moderate Adverse Event","code":"C84264","definitions":[{"description":"An adverse event for which only minimal, local, or noninvasive intervention (e.g. packing, cautery) is indicated; or that limits instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs, e.g., shopping, laundry, transportation, or ability to conduct finances).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An adverse event for which only minimal, local, or noninvasive intervention (e.g. packing, cautery) is indicated; or that limits instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs, e.g., shopping, laundry, transportation, or ability to conduct finances).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CTCAE v4 Grade 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MODERATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Moderate Adverse Event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412751"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"}]}}{"C84265":{"preferredName":"Severe Adverse Event","code":"C84265","definitions":[{"description":"An adverse event that is medically significant but not life-threatening; or for which inpatient care or prolongation of hospitalization are indicated; or that is an important medical event that does not result in hospitalization, but may jeopardize the patient or may require intervention either to prevent hospitalization, to prevent the AE from becoming life-threatening or causing death; or that is disabling; or that results in persistent or significant disability, incapacity, or limitation of self care activities of daily living (ADLs, e.g., getting in and out of bed, dressing, eating, getting around inside, bathing, or using the toilet).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CTCAE v4 Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Severe Adverse Event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2919019"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"}]}}{"C84266":{"preferredName":"Life Threatening Adverse Event","code":"C84266","definitions":[{"description":"Any adverse drug experience that places the patient or subject, in the view of the investigator, at immediate risk of death from the reaction as it occurred (i.e., it does not include a reaction that, had it occurred in a more severe form, might have caused death). [FDA 21 CFR 312.32; ICH-E2A]","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"description":"An adverse event that has life-threatening consequences; for which urgent intervention is indicated; that puts the patient at risk of death at the time of the event if immediate intervention is not undertaken.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AESLIFE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CTCAE v4 Grade 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Life Threatening Adverse Event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Life-threatening adverse experience","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"life-threatening adverse event/ experience","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1517874"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"}]}}{"C48275":{"preferredName":"Death Related to Adverse Event","code":"C48275","definitions":[{"description":"The termination of life as a result of an adverse event. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The termination of life associated with an adverse event.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"AESDTH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CTCAE Grade 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Grade 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Death Related to Adverse Event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FATAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FATAL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fatal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade 5 Death Related to Adverse Event","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Standard Toxicity Grade 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1705232"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Death_Related_to_Adverse_Event"}]}}{"C26711":{"preferredName":"Candidiasis","code":"C26711","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which Candida albicans, a type of yeast, grows out of control in moist skin areas of the body. It is usually a result of a weakened immune system, but can be a side effect of chemotherapy or treatment with antibiotics. Thrush usually affects the mouth (oral thrush); however, rarely, it spreads throughout the entire body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An infection that is caused by one of many species of the genus Candida.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Infection with the organism Candida.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Candida Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Candidiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Candidiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Candidiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Candidosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"thrush","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006840"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Candidiasis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Candidiasis"}]}}{"C84642":{"preferredName":"Coccidioidomycosis","code":"C84642","definitions":[{"description":"An infection that is caused by Coccidioides immitis, which typically manifests as a flu-like illness, although pneumonia and systemic infection can occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A fungal infection caused by Coccidioides immitis. Affected individuals usually have mild flu-like symptoms. However, pneumonia and systemic involvement with the formation of abscesses may develop as complications of the disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Coccidioidomycosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coccidioidomycosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Valley Fever","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Valley Fever","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009186"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Coccidioidomycosis"}]}}{"C2967":{"preferredName":"Cryptococcosis","code":"C2967","definitions":[{"description":"An infection that is caused by Cryptococcus neoformans, and in some geographic areas by Cryptococcus gattii, which can be either acute or chronic, and either localized or disseminated; it typically involves the lungs, though disseminated disease can occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute or chronic, localized or disseminated infection by Cryptococcus neoformans. Sites of involvement include the lungs, central nervous system and meninges, skin, and visceral organs.--2004","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cryptococcosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryptococcosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryptococcosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010414"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cryptococcosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Cryptococcosis"}]}}{"C53649":{"preferredName":"Cytomegaloviral Infection","code":"C53649","definitions":[{"description":"A herpesvirus infection caused by Cytomegalovirus. Healthy individuals generally do not produce symptoms. However, the infection may be life-threatening in affected immunocompromised patients. The virus may cause retinitis, esophagitis, gastritis, and colitis. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CMV Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytomegaloviral Infection","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cytomegaloviral Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytomegalovirus Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCMV Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010823"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Cytomegaloviral_Infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cytomegaloviral disease, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cytomegaloviral disease"}]}}{"C26920":{"preferredName":"Encephalopathy","code":"C26920","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a pathologic process involving the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A disorder of the brain that can be caused by disease, injury, drugs, or chemicals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Diffuse disease of the brain that alters function and/or structure of the brain and is characterized by an altered mental state.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A functional and/or structural disorder of the brain caused by diseases (e.g. liver disease, kidney disease), medications, chemicals, and injuries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Encephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Encephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Encephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Encephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"encephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085584"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Encephalopathy"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Encephalopathy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Encephalopathy"}]}}{"C155871":{"preferredName":"Herpes Simplex Virus Infection","code":"C155871","definitions":[{"description":"An infection that is caused by herpes simplex virus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HSV Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herpes Simplex Virus Infection","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Herpes Simplex Virus Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019348"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C77201":{"preferredName":"Histoplasmosis","code":"C77201","definitions":[{"description":"An often self-limited infection that is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, which typically manifests as a flu-like illness, but severe disseminated disease can occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A disease caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. It primarily affects the lungs but can also occur as a disseminated disease that affects additional organs. The acute respiratory disease has symptoms similar to those of a cold or flu and it usually resolves without treatment in healthy individuals. The disseminated form is generally fatal if untreated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histoplasmosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histoplasmosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histoplasmosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677640"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Histoplasmosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Histoplasmosis"}]}}{"C4076":{"preferredName":"Isosporiasis","code":"C4076","definitions":[{"description":"A protozoan infection that is caused by Cystoisospora belli (formerly known as Isospora belli), which is most commonly acquired from contaminated food or water, and which is characterized by watery diarrhea and abdominal pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An intestinal infection with Isospora belli.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystoisosporiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Isosporiasis","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Isosporiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0311386"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Isosporiasis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Cystoisosporiasis"}]}}{"C36197":{"preferredName":"Mycobacterium Avium Infection","code":"C36197","definitions":[{"description":"An infection that is caused by Mycobacterium avium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mycobacterium Avium Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026916"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mycobacterium_Avium_Infection"}]}}{"C27314":{"preferredName":"Mycobacterium Avium Complex Lymphadenitis","code":"C27314","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node infection by Mycobacterium avium or Mycobacterium intracellulare. It most often affects children and usually presents with cervical lymph node enlargement. It generally follows a benign clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAC Lymphadenitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAI Lymphadenitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium Avium Complex Lymphadenitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare Lymphadenitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0858195"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mycobacterium_Avium_Complex_Lymphadenitis"}]}}{"C26831":{"preferredName":"Mycobacterial Infection","code":"C26831","definitions":[{"description":"Infection due to organisms from the genus Mycobacteria.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mycobacterial Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mycobacterial Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026918"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Mycobacterial_Infection"}]}}{"C3334":{"preferredName":"Pneumocystis Pneumonia","code":"C3334","definitions":[{"description":"A severe, progressive pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii, which is usually seen in immunologically compromised individuals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Pneumonia resulting from infection with Pneumocystis jirovecii, frequently seen in the immunologically compromised, such as persons with AIDS, or steroid-treated individuals, the elderly, or premature or debilitated babies during their first three months. Patients may be only slightly febrile (or even afebrile), but are likely to be extremely weak, dyspneic, and cyanotic. This is a major cause of morbidity among patients with AIDS.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PCP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"PJP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PJP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1535939"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pneumocystis_Carinii_Pneumonia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Pneumocystis Pneumonia"}]}}{"C3333":{"preferredName":"Pneumonia","code":"C3333","definitions":[{"description":"A condition resulting from infection in one or both lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A severe inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli (tiny air sacs) are filled with fluid. This may cause a decrease in the amount of oxygen that blood can absorb from air breathed into the lung. Pneumonia is usually caused by infection but may also be caused by radiation therapy, allergy, or irritation of lung tissue by inhaled substances. It may involve part or all of the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An acute, acute and chronic, or chronic inflammation focally or diffusely affecting the lung parenchyma, due to infections (viruses, fungi, mycoplasma, or bacteria), treatment (e.g. radiation), or exposure (inhalation) to chemicals. Symptoms include cough, shortness of breath, fevers, chills, chest pain, headache, sweating, and weakness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032285"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Pneumonia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Pneumonia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pneumonia"}]}}{"C26815":{"preferredName":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","code":"C26815","definitions":[{"description":"A demyelinating central nervous system disease caused by reactivation of the polyomavirus JC, which results in a lytic infection of oligodendrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A progressive demyelination within the central nervous system associated with reactivation of a latent JC virus infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023524"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Progressive_Multifocal_Leukoencephalopathy"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy"}]}}{"C3418":{"preferredName":"Toxoplasmosis","code":"C3418","definitions":[{"description":"A protozoan infection that is acquired by the ingestion or maternal-to-fetal transmission of Toxoplasma gondii.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A parasitic disease contracted by the ingestion or fetal transmission of toxoplasma gondii.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Toxoplasmosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toxoplasmosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040558"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Toxoplasmosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Toxoplasmosis"}]}}{"C3093":{"preferredName":"Hemophilia","code":"C3093","definitions":[{"description":"A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor VIII or IX activity in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Group of hereditary disorders in which affected individuals fail to make enough of certain proteins needed to form blood clots.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A deficiency or abnormality of a blood coagulation factor characterized by the tendency to hemorrhage. Hemophilia is typically a hereditary disorder but, rarely, may be acquired. Inherited coagulation factor-deficient hemophilias include hemophilia A or classic hemophilia (hereditary factor VIII deficiency) hemophilia B or Christmas disease (hereditary factor IX deficiency), and hemophilia C (hereditary factor XI deficiency). Factor VIII inhibitors may occur spontaneously as autoantibodies, resulting in acquired hemophilia known as acquired factor VIII deficiency. Approximately 10% of patients with acquired hemophilia have an underlying malignancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemophilia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hemophilia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemophilia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"hemophilia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0684275"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hemophilia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hemophilia"}]}}{"C154862":{"preferredName":"Heterosexual Contact","code":"C154862","definitions":[{"description":"Sexual contact with a member of the opposite sex.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Sexual contact with someone of the opposite sex.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heterosexual 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Histologic Confirmation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Biopsy with Histologic Confirmation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"}]}}{"C158781":{"preferredName":"Dedifferentiated Lesion","code":"C158781","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion composed of cells that have undergone transformation to less mature forms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"De-Differentiated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Lesion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"}]}}{"C150123":{"preferredName":"Biomarker Positive Malignant Neoplasm","code":"C150123","definitions":[{"description":"A finding indicating the presence of a biomarker in a tumor sample from a patient with a malignant neoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biomarker Positive 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User","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"}]}}{"C160672":{"preferredName":"Former Hormonal Contraceptive User","code":"C160672","definitions":[{"description":"The individual is a former user of hormonal contraceptives.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Former Hormonal Contraceptive User","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Former User","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"}]}}{"C160673":{"preferredName":"Never Used Hormonal Contraceptives","code":"C160673","definitions":[{"description":"The individual has never used of hormonal contraceptives.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Never Used","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Never Used Hormonal Contraceptives","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"}]}}{"C141477":{"preferredName":"Not Performed","code":"C141477","definitions":[{"description":"An indicator that specifies that an activity did not occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Not Performed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0445106"}]}}{"C162575":{"preferredName":"99mTc Bone Scintography","code":"C162575","definitions":[{"description":"An imaging modality that reflects alterations in the metabolic activity of bone through the use of radiopharmaceutical agents, commonly technetium-99m-labeled methylene diphosphonate (MDP).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"99mTc Bone Scintiscan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"99mTc Bone Scintiscanning","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"99mTc Bone Scintography","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[]}}{"C17204":{"preferredName":"Computed Tomography","code":"C17204","definitions":[{"description":"A series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body; the pictures are created by a computer linked to an x-ray machine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An imaging technique for examining structures within the body by scanning them with X rays and using a computer to construct a series of cross-sectional scans along a single axis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A method of examining structures within the body by scanning them with X rays and using a computer to construct a series of cross-sectional scans along a single axis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAT Scan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAT scan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CT SCAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CT scan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Computed Tomography","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Computed Tomography","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Computed Tomography","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Computed Tomography","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Computed Tomography","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Computerized Axial Tomography","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Computerized Tomography","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"computed tomography","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"computerized axial tomography","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"computerized tomography","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"tomography","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040405"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Computed_Tomography"}]}}{"C16809":{"preferredName":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","code":"C16809","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure in which radio waves and a powerful magnet linked to a computer are used to create detailed pictures of areas inside the body. These pictures can show the difference between normal and diseased tissue. NMRI makes better images of organs and soft tissue than other scanning techniques, such as computed tomography (CT) or x-ray. NMRI is especially useful for imaging the brain, the spine, the soft tissue of joints, and the inside of bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Imaging that uses radiofrequency waves and a strong magnetic field rather than x-rays to provide amazingly clear and detailed pictures of internal organs and tissues. The technique is valuable for the diagnosis of many pathologic conditions, including cancer, heart and vascular disease, stroke, and joint and musculoskeletal disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Imaging that uses radiofrequency waves and a strong magnetic field rather than x-rays to provide amazingly clear and detailed pictures of internal organs and tissues. The technique is valuable for the diagnosis of many pathologic conditions, including cancer, heart and vascular disease, stroke, and joint and musculoskeletal disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MR Imaging","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MRI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MRI Scan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMR Imaging","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMRI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NMRI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"magnetic resonance imaging","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"nuclear magnetic resonance imaging","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024485"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging"}]}}{"C17007":{"preferredName":"Positron Emission Tomography","code":"C17007","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure in which a small amount of radioactive glucose (sugar) is injected into a vein, and a scanner is used to make detailed, computerized pictures of areas inside the body where the glucose is used. Because cancer cells often use more glucose than normal cells, the pictures can be used to find cancer cells in the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An imaging technique for measuring the gamma radiation produced by collisions of electrons and positrons (anti-electrons) within living tissue. In positron emission tomography (PET), a subject is given a dose of a positron-emitting radionuclide attached to a metabolically active substance. A scanner reveals the tissue location of the metabolically-active substance administered.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A technique for measuring the gamma radiation produced by collisions of electrons and positrons (anti-electrons) within living tissue. In positron emission tomography (PET), a subject is given a dose of a positron-emitting radionuclide attached to a metabolically active substance (for example, 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG), which is similar to a naturally occurring sugar, glucose, with the addition of a radioactive fluorine atom). When living tissue containing the positron emitter is bombarded by electrons, gamma radiation produced by collisions of electrons and positrons is detected by a scanner, revealing in fine detail the tissue location of the metabolically-active substance administered.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medical Imaging, Positron Emission Tomography","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PET SCAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PET Scan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PET scan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Positron Emission Tomography","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Positron Emission Tomography","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Positron Emission Tomography","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Positron Emission Tomography Scan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Positron-Emission Tomography","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"positron emission tomography scan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032743"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Positron_Emission_Tomography"}]}}{"C15577":{"preferredName":"Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy","code":"C15577","definitions":[{"description":"Drug treatment to reduce the activity of tumor necrosis factor, particulary to control inflammation in disease modalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-TNF therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-TNF-alpha therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281481"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-Tumor_Necrosis_Factor_Therapy"}]}}{"C34945":{"preferredName":"Ectopic Pregnancy","code":"C34945","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which a fertilized egg grows outside of the uterus, usually in one of the fallopian tubes. Symptoms include sharp pain on one side of the abdomen and bleeding from the vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pregnancy that implants in a location other than the uterine endometrium.","attr":null,"defSource":"GAIA"},{"description":"An abnormal pregnancy in which the conception is implanted outside the endometrial cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The state or condition of having a developing embryo or fetus in the body (outside the uterus), after union of an ovum and spermatozoon, during the period from conception to birth.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"An abnormal pregnancy in which the conception is implanted outside the endometrial cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ectopic Pregnancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ectopic Pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GAIA"},{"termName":"Ectopic Pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ectopic Pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Extrauterine Pregnancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pregnancy, Ectopic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ectopic pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"extrauterine pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032987"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GAIA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Ectopic_Pregnancy"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Ectopic Pregnancy"}]}}{"C50613":{"preferredName":"Induced Abortion Finding","code":"C50613","definitions":[{"description":"Abortion brought on intentionally.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Abortion brought on intentionally.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abortion, Artificial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abortion, Induced","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Artificial Abortion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Induced Abortion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Induced Abortion Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704300"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Induced_Abortion"}]}}{"C34336":{"preferredName":"Spontaneous Abortion","code":"C34336","definitions":[{"description":"Early pregnancy loss.","attr":null,"defSource":"GAIA"},{"description":"Fetal loss at less than 20 weeks of gestation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Loss of the products of conception from the uterus before the fetus is viable; spontaneous abortion.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Fetal loss at less than 20 weeks of gestation.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Miscarriage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Miscarriage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Miscarriage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Spontaneous Abortion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GAIA"},{"termName":"Spontaneous Abortion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spontaneous Abortion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0000786"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GAIA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Spontaneous_Abortion"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Spontaneous Abortion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spontaneous abortion"}]}}{"C49151":{"preferredName":"Stillbirth","code":"C49151","definitions":[{"description":"A fetus of at least 20 weeks gestation, or of a birth weight of 350 grams or greater when the gestational age is not known, with no signs of life at the time of delivery, with Apgar scores of 0 at 1 and 5 minutes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Foetal death occurring before birth after a selected, pre-defined duration of gestation. The death of the foetus could have occurred before the onset of labor (antepartum) or at the time of delivery (intrapartum). For all levels of diagnostic certainty, the definition of stillbirth is defined by the two following criteria: First, determination of absence of signs of life in the foetus or newborn; Second, determination of foetal/newborn gestational age through maternal information or through foetal/newborn evaluation.","attr":null,"defSource":"GAIA"},{"description":"A fetus of at least 20 weeks gestation, or of a birth weight of at least 350 grams if the gestational age is unknown, that is born without signs of life at the time of delivery, and with an Apgar score of zero at both one and five minutes.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intrauterine Fetal Death","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stillbirth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GAIA"},{"termName":"Stillbirth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stillbirth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0595939"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GAIA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Stillbirth"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Stillbirth"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stillbirth"}]}}{"C94719":{"preferredName":"Acetate","code":"C94719","definitions":[{"description":"A form of acetic acid (an acid found in vinegar).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Salt or ester form of acetic acid. Acetate is the most common building block for biosynthesis, such as fatty acids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0000975"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:30089"}]}}{"C74002":{"preferredName":"Fluciclovine F18","code":"C74002","definitions":[{"description":"A radiotracer containing a synthetic amino acid analogue of L-leucine radiolabeled with fluorine F 18 with potential diagnostic imaging use. Similar to most amino acids, fluciclovine F18 appears to enter cells through the energy-independent L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) system. As an amino acid analogue, this agent is preferentially accumulated by tumor cells due to their increased metabolic needs; however, unlike naturally occurring amino acids, this non-natural amino acid-analogue radiotracer is not metabolized. Accordingly, fluciclovine F18 accumulates in tumor cells and can potentially be used to image tumors using positron emission tomography (PET).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(18F)Fluciclovine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(18F)GE-148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(1R,3R)-1-Amino-3(18f)fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"18F-Fluciclovine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-(18f)FABC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-1-Amino-3-[18F]Fluorocyclobutane-1-Carboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-[18F] FACBC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axumin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUCICLOVINE F-18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fluciclovine (18F)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluciclovine F18","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fluciclovine F18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GE-148 (18F)","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GE-148 F-18","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[18F]FACBC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1311253"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"222727-39-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"38R1Q0L1ZE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581382"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581382"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H8FNO2"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Anti-1-Amino-3-Fluorocyclobutane-1-Carboxylic_Acid"}]}}{"C61674":{"preferredName":"Choline","code":"C61674","definitions":[{"description":"A nutrient in the vitamin B complex that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Choline helps cells make membranes, make a neurotransmitter (a chemical that helps nerve cells communicate with other cells), and remove fat from the liver. It is found in whole milk, beef liver, eggs, soy foods, and peanuts. Choline is water-soluble (can dissolve in water) and must be taken in every day. Not enough choline can cause diseases of the heart and blood vessels and damage to the liver. A form of choline is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer and to reduce pain and fever. Choline is also being studied together with vitamin B12 in the prevention and treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Water-soluble vitamin that is a precursor for acetylcholine, phospholipids, and the methyl donor betaine. 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This protein plays a role in the mediation of folate metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cell Growth-Inhibiting Gene 27 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC 3.4.17.21","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGCP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate Hydrolase 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folylpoly-Gamma-Glutamate Carboxypeptidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GCP2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GCPII","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glutamate Carboxypeptidase 2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glutamate Carboxypeptidase 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Membrane Glutamate Carboxypeptidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Acetylated-Alpha-Linked Acidic Dipeptidase I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAALADase I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pteroylpoly-Gamma-Glutamate Carboxypeptidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mGCP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"600934"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1310550"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Folate_Hydrolase-1"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"Q04609"}]}}{"C832":{"preferredName":"Sodium Fluoride","code":"C832","definitions":[{"description":"An inorganic salt of fluoride used topically or in municipal water fluoridation systems to prevent dental caries. 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Eosin is an orangish-pink to red dye that stains the cytoplasmic material including connective tissue and collagen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H and E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H and E Staining","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H and E Staining Method","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H&E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H&E Stain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"H&E Staining","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H&E Staining Method","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEMATOXYLIN AND EOSIN STAIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hematoxylin and Eosin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining Method","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0523207"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Hematoxylin_and_Eosin_Staining_Method"}]}}{"C41331":{"preferredName":"Adverse Event","code":"C41331","definitions":[{"description":"An unexpected medical problem that happens during treatment with a drug or other therapy. Adverse effects do not have to be caused by the drug or therapy, and they may be mild, moderate, or severe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"31893) indicating a need to validate the requirement that every AdverseEvent be described by a SafetyReportVersion.","attr":null,"defSource":"BRIDG 5.3"},{"description":"Any unfavorable and unintended sign, symptom, disease, or other medical occurrence with a temporal association with the use of a medical product, procedure or other therapy, or in conjunction with a research study, regardless of causal relationship. EXAMPLE(S): death, back pain, headache, pulmonary embolism, heart attack","attr":null,"defSource":"BRIDG 3.0.3"},{"description":"Any unfavorable or unintended disease, sign, or symptom (including an abnormal laboratory finding) that is temporally associated with the use of a medical treatment or procedure, and that may or may not be considered related to the medical treatment or procedure. 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(CDISC glossary)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation subject administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. an adverse event (AE) can therefore be any unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal (investigational) product, whether or not related to the medicinal (investigational) product. NOTE: For further information, see the ICH Guideline for Clinical safety Data Management: Definitions and standards for expedited Reporting. [After ICH E2A] See also serious adverse event, serious adverse experience.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any unfavorable or unintended disease, sign, or symptom (including an abnormal laboratory finding) that is temporally associated with the use of a medical treatment or procedure, and that may or may not be considered related to the medical treatment or procedure. 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NOTE: Withdrawal can range from the subject's complete withdrawal from study procedures and follow-up activities, to the subject's withdrawal from study-related interventions while the subject permits continued access to his/her medical records or identifiable information. Note that according to FDA regulations, when a subject withdraws from a study, the data collected on the subject to the point of withdrawal remain part of the study database and may not be removed. 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One gray is equal to an absorbed dose of one joule per kilogram of matter, or to 100 rads.(NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A SI derived unit of absorbed radiation dose. One gray is equal to an absorbed dose of one joule per kilogram of matter, or to 100 rads.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gray","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HL7"},{"termName":"Gray","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gray","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gy","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"ICH"},{"termName":"Gy","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"HL7"},{"termName":"Gy","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gy","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"UCUM"},{"termName":"Gy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"gray","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ICH"},{"termName":"gray","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"UCUM"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0556636"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ICH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"UCUM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"HL7"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Gray"}]}}{"C64510":{"preferredName":"Every Hour","code":"C64510","definitions":[{"description":"Every hour. 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(NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Two times per day, at unspecified times.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"BID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"BID","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Twice Daily","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Twice a day","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Twice per day","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Two Times Daily","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Two Times per Day","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bis in die","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0585361"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Twice_Daily"}]}}{"C64515":{"preferredName":"Every Twenty-Four Hours","code":"C64515","definitions":[{"description":"Every twenty-four hours. 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(NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Every other day.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Every Other Day","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Every other day","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"QOD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Quoque Alternis Die","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"q.a.d.","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0558287"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Every_Other_Day"}]}}{"C64497":{"preferredName":"Twice Weekly","code":"C64497","definitions":[{"description":"Two times per week. 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(NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A country in southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic and Ionian Seas, between Greece and Montenegro.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"008","termGroup":"CNU","termSource":"GENC"},{"termName":"AL","termGroup":"CA2","termSource":"GENC"},{"termName":"ALB","termGroup":"CA3","termSource":"GENC"},{"termName":"ALB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ALBANIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GENC"},{"termName":"ALBANIA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Albania","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Albania","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001909"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Albania"}]}}{"C16274":{"preferredName":"Algeria","code":"C16274","definitions":[{"description":"A country in Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Morocco and Tunisia. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A country in northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Morocco and Tunisia.","attr":"CIA World Factbook 2002","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"012","termGroup":"CNU","termSource":"GENC"},{"termName":"ALGERIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GENC"},{"termName":"ALGERIA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Algeria","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Algeria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DZ","termGroup":"CA2","termSource":"GENC"},{"termName":"DZA","termGroup":"CA3","termSource":"GENC"},{"termName":"DZA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0002037"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy_Concept_Name","value":"Algeria"}]}}{"C16289":{"preferredName":"Andorra","code":"C16289","definitions":[{"description":"A country in Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain. 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This data includes what sequence is located at each position in an array and what the annotation of this sequence is; cross-references to entries in a public repository can be used if available.","attr":"BMC Bioinformatics. 2006; 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-489.","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Array Design Format","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17087822"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"ADF"}]}}{"C172262":{"preferredName":"Consent Exemption for Use of Post-mortem Samples","code":"C172262","definitions":[{"description":"An exemption that allows research sponsors to use samples obtained from a subject after his/her death because these samples are not subject to human subject use regulations and do not require documentation of informed consent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Consent Exemption for Use of Post-mortem Samples","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Consent by Death","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Consent by Death"}]}}{"C41338":{"preferredName":"Mild Adverse Event","code":"C41338","definitions":[{"description":"A type of adverse event that is usually transient and may require only minimal treatment or therapeutic intervention. The event does not generally interfere with usual activities of daily living.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An experience that is usually transient, and requires no special treatment or intervention. The event does not generally interfere with usual daily activities. Includes transient laboratory test alterations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CTCAE Grade 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Grade 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Grade 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Mild Adverse Event","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MILD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mild Adverse Event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Standard Toxicity Grade 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1513302"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mild_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Grade 1"}]}}{"C41339":{"preferredName":"Moderate Adverse Event","code":"C41339","definitions":[{"description":"A type of adverse event that is usually alleviated with additional specific therapeutic intervention. The event interferes with usual activities of daily living, causing discomfort but poses no significant or permanent risk of harm to the research participant.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An experience that is alleviated with simple therapeutic treatments. The event impacts usual daily activities. Includes laboratory test alterations indicating injury, but without long-term risk.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CTCAE Grade 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Grade 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Grade 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Moderate Adverse Event","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MODERATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Moderate Adverse Event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Standard Toxicity Grade 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1513374"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Moderate_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Grade 2"}]}}{"C41340":{"preferredName":"Severe Adverse Event","code":"C41340","definitions":[{"description":"A type of adverse event that interrupts usual activities of daily living, or significantly affects clinical status, or may require intensive therapeutic intervention.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An adverse event experience that requires intensive therapeutic intervention and interrupts usual daily activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CTCAE Grade 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Grade 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Severe Adverse Event","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEVERE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Severe Adverse Event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Standard Toxicity Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519275"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Severe_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Grade 3"}]}}{"C172217":{"preferredName":"Data Release","code":"C172217","definitions":[{"description":"The act of making data or other structured information accessible to the public or to the user group of a database.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Data Release","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"data_release","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"data_release"}]}}{"C172256":{"preferredName":"Root Directory","code":"C172256","definitions":[{"description":"The top-most directory in a hierarchical file system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Root Directory","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[]}}{"C17609":{"preferredName":"Tumor Progression","code":"C17609","definitions":[{"description":"A pathologic process in which alterations at the molecular level result in a more aggressive cytologic and phenotypic profile and clinical course of a neoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tumor Progression","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Progression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Tumor Progression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"The process of tumor progression is thought to be driven by clonal evolution. The initiating event is a mutation that gives a cell the ability to divide when it shouldn't. As a result a small group of related cells, called a clone because they are identical to each other, grows. Clonal evolution occurs like a tree with mutations causing many clones to branch off continuously."},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0178874"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tumor_Progression"}]}}{"C136485":{"preferredName":"Stage IA3","code":"C136485","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term referring to invasive lung cancer. It includes: T1c, N0, M0. T1c: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (adapted from AJCC)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IA3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523788"}]}}{"C158551":{"preferredName":"Neck of the Pancreas","code":"C158551","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the pancreas that is the junction of the head and body of the pancreas; the portion of the pancreas that lies anterior to the aorta.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neck of the Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreas Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0447556"}]}}{"C2887":{"preferredName":"Ataxia Telangiectasia Syndrome","code":"C2887","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, inherited, progressive, degenerative disease of childhood that causes loss of muscle control, a weakened immune system, and an increased risk of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Rare hereditary disease characterized by extreme sensitivity to ionizing radiation or radiomimetic drugs because of a defect in DNA repair. AT heterozygosity is estimated to occur in more than 2% of the U.S. population; heterozygotes exhibit increased radiation sensitivity and are at increased risk for several types of cancer. The normal version of the gene that is defective in AT appears to activate the p53-dependent response to DNA damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ataxia Telangiectasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ataxia Telangiectasia Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ataxia Telangiectasia Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Ataxia Telangiectasia Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Louis-Bar Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ataxia-telangiectasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004135"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ataxia_Telangiectasia_Syndrome"}]}}{"C37864":{"preferredName":"Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome","code":"C37864","definitions":[{"description":"An autoimmune hematologic disorder characterized by autoimmune hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Patients are at an increased risk of developing Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALPS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Canale-Smith Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328840"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Autoimmune_Lymphoproliferative_Syndrome"}]}}{"C86172":{"preferredName":"Bacteroides fragilis","code":"C86172","definitions":[{"description":"Any bacterial organism that can be assigned to the species Bacteroides fragilis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A species of obligately anaerobic, Gram-negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Bacteroidetes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, indole positive, produces hydrogen sulfide, does not reduce nitrate, hydrolyzes esculin and starch, does not ferment trehalose, melezitose or arabinose, and is penicillin resistant. B. fragilis is commensal and part of the normal human gastrointestinal tract flora, but may become pathogenic in other body regions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BACTEROIDES FRAGILIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bacteroides fragilis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004663"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"NCBI_Taxon_ID","value":"817"}]}}{"C34463":{"preferredName":"Chlamydial Infection","code":"C34463","definitions":[{"description":"An infection that is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chlamydial Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008149"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chlamydial_Infection"}]}}{"C34797":{"preferredName":"Malaria","code":"C34797","definitions":[{"description":"Plasmodium parasite infection, characterized by fever, flu-like symptoms, anemia, and jaundice, that may be transmitted through infected mosquito bites, blood transfusion, organ transplant, contaminated needles or syringes, or before or during birth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A protozoan infection caused by the genus Plasmodium. There are four species of Plasmodium that can infect humans: Plasmodium falciparum, vivax, ovale, and malariae. It is transmitted to humans by infected mosquitoes. Signs and symptoms include paroxysmal high fever, sweating, chills, and anemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malaria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malaria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malaria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024530"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malaria"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Malaria"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malaria"}]}}{"C84442":{"preferredName":"Metabolic Syndrome","code":"C84442","definitions":[{"description":"A condition is marked by extra fat around the abdomen, high levels of blood glucose (sugar) when not eating, high levels of triglycerides (a type of fat) in the blood, low levels of high-density lipoproteins (a type of protein that carries fats) in the blood, and high blood pressure. People with metabolic syndrome are at increased risk of diabetes mellitus and diseases of the heart and blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A combination of medical conditions that when present, increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, and diabetes mellitus. It includes the following medical conditions: increased blood pressure, central obesity, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardiometabolic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metabolic Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Metabolic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metabolic Syndrome X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"metabolic syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"metabolic syndrome X","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0524620"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C71079":{"preferredName":"Herpes Zoster","code":"C71079","definitions":[{"description":"Varicella zoster virus infection that is caused by the reactivation of virus, which can be latent within dorsal root ganglia; zoster is characterized by vesicular lesions clustered unilaterally in a dermatomal distribution of one or more adjacent sensory nerves. Neuralgic pain can occur and can be severe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A common dermal and neurologic disorder caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus that has remained dormant within dorsal root ganglia, often for decades, after the patient's initial exposure to the virus in the form of varicella (chickenpox). It is characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Herpes Zoster","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herpes Zoster","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Shingles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shingles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Zoster","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Zoster","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019360"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Herpes_Zoster"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Zoster"}]}}{"C26883":{"preferredName":"Sjogren Syndrome","code":"C26883","definitions":[{"description":"An autoimmune disease that affects the tear glands and salivary glands, and may affect glands in the stomach, pancreas, and intestines. The disease causes dry eyes and mouth, and may cause dryness in the nose, throat, air passages, skin, and vagina. It may also cause inflammation in the joints, muscles, and skin; pneumonia; tingling in the fingers and toes; and fatigue. It often occurs with rheumatoid arthritis or other connective tissue diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Autoimmune epithelial inflammation often affecting the salivary and lacrimal glands (causing dry mouth and dry eyes) with potential extraglandular manifestations. In children, it most commonly presents with recurrent parotitis. It may occur alone (primary) or in association with another autoimmune disease (secondary).","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An autoimmune disorder affecting the salivary and lacrimal glands. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of lymphocytic and plasmacytic infiltrates which cause destruction of these glands. It results in dry mouth and dry eyes. It may be associated with the presence of other autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sjogren Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sjogren Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Sjogren Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sjogren Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Sjogren syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Sjogren's Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sjogren's Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Sjögren Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527336"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sjogren_s_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Sjogren Syndrome"}]}}{"C122576":{"preferredName":"Staphylococcus Aureus Infection","code":"C122576","definitions":[{"description":"An infectious process in which the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus is present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An infectious process in which the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus is present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Staphylococcus Aureus Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Staphylococcus aureus Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1318973"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Staphylococcus aureus Infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Staphylococcus aureus infection"}]}}{"C35055":{"preferredName":"Syphilis","code":"C35055","definitions":[{"description":"An infection that is caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A contagious bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. It is a sexually transmitted disorder, although it can also be transmitted from the mother to the fetus in utero. Typically, it is initially manifested with a single sore which heals without treatment. If the infection is left untreated, the initial stage is followed by skin rash and mucous membrane lesions. A late stage follows, which is characterized by damage of the internal organs, including the nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Syphilis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Syphilis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syphilis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039128"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Syphilis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Syphilis"}]}}{"C85197":{"preferredName":"Treponemal Infection","code":"C85197","definitions":[{"description":"A sexually transmitted infection caused by the Gram-negative spirochete Treponema pallidum. It is manifested as syphilis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Treponemal Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040843"}]}}{"C26862":{"preferredName":"Stein-Leventhal Syndrome","code":"C26862","definitions":[{"description":"A condition marked by infertility, enlarged ovaries, menstrual problems, high levels of male hormones, excess hair on the face and body, acne, and obesity. Women with PCOS have an increased risk of diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and endometrial cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A condition of unknown or heterogenous genetic etiology that is characterized by hyperandrogenism and ovarian dysfunction, though the clinical features of the condition may differ between teenage girls and adult women. For teenage girls, the characteristic features generally manifest as persistent, otherwise unexplained hyperandrogenism and reduced or absent ovulation with associated menstrual irregularity, as determined by age- and pubertal stage-appropriate criteria. Additional clinical manifestations include some or all of the following: obesity, insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia or frank type 2 diabetes mellitus, acanthosis nigricans, hirsutism, and polycystic ovary on ultrasound.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A disorder that manifests as multiple cysts on the ovaries. It results in hormonal imbalances and leads to irregular and abnormal menstrual periods, excess growth of hair, acne eruptions and obesity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PCOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PCOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Polycystic Ovarian Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stein-Leventhal Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stein-Leventhal Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"polycystic ovary syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032460"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stein-Leventhal_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome"}]}}{"C162630":{"preferredName":"HOXB1 Gene","code":"C162630","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the development of anterior embryonic structures and facial nerves.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HOXB1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"HOXB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOXB1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Homeobox B1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"142968"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1415663"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:5111"}]}}{"C17525":{"preferredName":"Prostate-Specific Antigen","code":"C17525","definitions":[{"description":"A protein made by the prostate gland and found in the blood. Prostate-specific antigen blood levels may be higher than normal in men who have prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or infection or inflammation of the prostate gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Prostate-specific antigen (261 aa, ~29 kDa) is encoded by the human KLK3 gene. 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Patients with Cowden syndrome are at increased risk of certain types of cancer, including breast and thyroid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome characterized by a variety of hamartomas and neoplasms including verrucous skin lesions, fibromas of the oral cavity, facial trichilemmomas, hamartomatous colonic polyps, thyroid neoplasms, breast cancer, and dysplastic gangliocytomas of the cerebellum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cowden Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cowden Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cowden Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Cowden Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cowden disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cowden syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cowden's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Hamartoma Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTEN Hamartoma Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ruvalcaba-Myhre-Smith Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"multiple hamartoma syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018553"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cowden_Syndrome"}]}}{"C4503":{"preferredName":"Hereditary Breast Carcinoma","code":"C4503","definitions":[{"description":"Breast carcinoma that has developed in relatives of patients with history of breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Familial Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Familial Cancer of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Familial Cancer of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Breast Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hereditary Breast Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346153"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hereditary_Breast_Carcinoma"}]}}{"C8960":{"preferredName":"Hereditary Kidney Oncocytoma","code":"C8960","definitions":[{"description":"An inherited condition characterized by the development of kidney oncocytomas which are often bilateral and multifocal. 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It is characterized by the presence of vacuolated, eosinophilic to clear neoplastic cells and loss of immunohistochemical expression of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) B. In most cases germline mutations in an SDH gene (SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, or SDHD gene) are present. It has a relatively good prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SDH-RCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Succinate Dehydrogenase Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Succinate Dehydrogenase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Succinate Dehydrogenase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563184"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"}]}}{"C3424":{"preferredName":"Tuberous Sclerosis","code":"C3424","definitions":[{"description":"A genetic disorder in which benign (not cancer) tumors form in the kidneys, brain, eyes, heart, lungs, and skin. This disease can cause seizures, mental disabilities, and different types of skin lesions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Hereditary disease characterized by seizures, intracerebral tumors, cardiac tumors, developmental delay, and skin and ocular lesions.","attr":null,"defSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"description":"Hereditary disease characterized by seizures, mental retardation, developmental delay, and skin and ocular lesions. 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People with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome have a higher risk of developing some types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant multiple neoplasia syndrome caused by germline mutations of the VHL gene, encoding the protein von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (pVHL). The condition is characterized by development of capillary hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system and retina, clear cell renal carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, pancreatic tumors, and inner ear tumors (endolymphatic sac tumors).","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An inherited familial cancer syndrome which is characterized by development of capillary hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system and retina; clear cell renal carcinoma; pheochromocytoma; pancreatic tumors; and inner ear tumors. The syndrome is associated with germline mutations of the VHL tumor suppressor gene, located on chromosome 3p25-26. Symptoms of VHL syndrome may not be apparent until the third decade of life. CNS hemangioblastoma is the most common cause of death, followed by clear cell renal cell carcinoma. --2004","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebroretinal Angiomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VHL syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome (VHL)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"von Hippel-Lindau syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019562"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Von_Hippel-Lindau_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome"}]}}{"C112217":{"preferredName":"5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid Measurement","code":"C112217","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The determination of the amount of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid present in a sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Hydroxyindoleacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid Measurement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IAA5OH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0523708"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"}]}}{"C122108":{"preferredName":"Chromogranin A Measurement","code":"C122108","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of the chromogranin A in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The determination of the amount of chromogranin A present in a sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chromogranin A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chromogranin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chromogranin A Measurement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1295114"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"}]}}{"C83119":{"preferredName":"Physical Exam Result","code":"C83119","definitions":[{"description":"The outcome of the physical examination assessment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PERES","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Physical Exam Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Physical Exam Result","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Physical Examination Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Physical Examination Result","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pe finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"ICDC"},{"termName":"pe_finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ICDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826729"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ICDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Physical_Exam_Result"}]}}{"C16450":{"preferredName":"Colonoscopy","code":"C16450","definitions":[{"description":"Examination of the inside of the colon using a colonoscope, inserted into the rectum. 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This modification may be a marker for transcriptionally active genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3K4me1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3 Methyl Lys4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H3 Methyl Lys4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896986"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C107153":{"preferredName":"Histone H3 Trimethyl Lys4","code":"C107153","definitions":[{"description":"A post-translationally modified form of histone H3 where the lysine residue at position 4 is trimethylated. 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Cardiovascular accidents and cerebral trauma also cause dramatic increases in levels of this protein."},{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Gamma-enolase is expressed specifically in neurons."},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"131360"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880904"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gamma-Enolase"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"NSE"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P09104"}]}}{"C36122":{"preferredName":"Benign Cellular Infiltrate","code":"C36122","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic finding indicating the presence of a cellular infiltrate without atypia in a tumor sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Cellular Infiltrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1332480"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Cellular_Infiltrate"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tumor cells, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8001/0"}]}}{"C40077":{"preferredName":"Malignant Ovarian Clear Cell Tumor","code":"C40077","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by a predominance of clear and hobnail malignant epithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Clear Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Clear Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518230"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Ovarian_Clear_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant tumor, clear cell type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8005/3"}]}}{"C63622":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells","code":"C63622","definitions":[{"description":"A usually aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of atypical cells which do not display evidence of glandular or squamous differentiation and giant cells resembling osteoclasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Undifferentiated Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883424"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8035/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Undifferentiated_Carcinoma_with_Osteoclast-Like_Giant_Cells"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8035/3"}]}}{"C5979":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Canalicular Adenoma","code":"C5979","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm primarily composed of branching and interconnecting cords of single and double-cell thick rows of columnar epithelium in a very loose stroma. It often occurs in the upper lip, where only pleomorphic adenoma is more frequent. Asymptomatic swelling of the upper lip is the most common clinical finding. It may present clinically and histologically as a multifocal lesion, a feature not generally seen with other intraoral salivary gland tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Canalicular Adenoma of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Canalicular Adenoma of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Canalicular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1335896"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8149/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Salivary_Gland_Canalicular_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Canalicular adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8149/0"}]}}{"C45843":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C45843","definitions":[{"description":"A rare carcinoma with a poor prognosis, characterized by the presence of a mixture of exocrine and neuroendocrine malignant epithelial cells in both the pancreas and metastatic sites. 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Bizarre mononuclear or multinucleated giant cells are often present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleomorphic Hepatocellular Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709568"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8175/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pleomorphic_Hepatocellular_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, pleomorphic type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8175/3"}]}}{"C96485":{"preferredName":"Colorectal Serrated Adenocarcinoma","code":"C96485","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, invasive colorectal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a malignant infiltrate with serrated glandular architecture.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colorectal Serrated Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272809"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8213/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serrated adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8213/3"}]}}{"C66933":{"preferredName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ, Solid Type","code":"C66933","definitions":[{"description":"A ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast in which the tumor cells fill the ductal spaces as solid sheets.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ, Solid Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma in Situ, Solid Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880424"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8230/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ductal_Carcinoma_in_situ_of_the_Breast_Solid_Type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ductal carcinoma in situ, solid type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8230/2"}]}}{"C43565":{"preferredName":"Appendix Tubular Carcinoid","code":"C43565","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the appendix. It does not show the morphologic characteristics of typical carcinoid tumors (neoplastic cells forming solid nests). In contrast, the tumor cells form small discrete tubules.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Appendix Tubular Carcinoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Appendix Tubular Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706835"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8245/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Appendix_Tubular_Carcinoid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tubular carcinoid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8245/1"}]}}{"C128847":{"preferredName":"Lung Micropapillary Adenocarcinoma","code":"C128847","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive variant of lung adenocarcinoma that exhibits a micropapillary architectural pattern. The prognosis is usually poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung Micropapillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Lung Micropapillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL536215"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Micropapillary carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8265/3"}]}}{"C40080":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Clear Cell Tumor","code":"C40080","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm with low malignant potential affecting the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of clear or hobnail cells. In some cases, the cells may display nuclear atypia and prominent nucleoli. When such cells are present, they remain confined to the glands. There is no evidence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Clear Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Clear Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Clear Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279676"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Ovarian_Clear_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell borderline tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell cystic tumor of borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8444/1"}]}}{"C40079":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Clear Cell Adenocarcinofibroma","code":"C40079","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm in a fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Clear Cell Adenocarcinofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Clear Cell Malignant Adenofibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2075522"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8313/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Clear_Cell_Adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8313/3"}]}}{"C46095":{"preferredName":"Solid/Trabecular Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C46095","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland that predominantly affects children. It is characterized by the presence of a solid growth pattern. The malignant cells have nuclear features that are characteristic of papillary carcinomas of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Solid/Trabecular Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1711340"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Solid_Variant_Thyroid_Gland_Papillary_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular adenocarcinoma, trabecular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8332/3"}]}}{"C65200":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma, Minimally Invasive","code":"C65200","definitions":[{"description":"A follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland which shows capsular invasion only.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FTC, Minimally Invasive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma, Minimally Invasive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883338"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8335/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroid_Gland_Follicular_Carcinoma_Minimally_Invasive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular carcinoma, minimally invasive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8335/3"}]}}{"C46004":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary Microcarcinoma","code":"C46004","definitions":[{"description":"A papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland measuring 10mm or less in diameter. The survival rates of patients with this type of carcinoma are the same with those of the normal population.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Microcarcinoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Microcarcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Gland Microcarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary Microcarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709457"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8341/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Thyroid_Gland_Microcarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary microcarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8341/3"}]}}{"C46093":{"preferredName":"Oncocytic Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C46093","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland characterized by the presence of papillary or follicular structures, containing malignant follicular cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm. These cells have the nuclear features that characterize the papillary carcinomas of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oncocytic Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxyphilic Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709312"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8342/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oncocytic_Variant_Thyroid_Gland_Papillary_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary carcinoma, oncocytic variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary carcinoma, oxyphilic cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8342/3"}]}}{"C46104":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Mixed Medullary and Follicular Cell Carcinoma","code":"C46104","definitions":[{"description":"A primary carcinoma of the thyroid gland containing a medullary carcinoma component that is immunohistochemically positive for calcitonin, and follicular cell carcinoma structures that are immunohistochemically positive for thyroglobulin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MMFTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Mixed Medullary and Follicular Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Mixed Medullary and Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1710414"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8347/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8346/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroid_Gland_Mixed_Medullary_and_Follicular_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed medullary-follicular carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed medullary-papillary carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8346/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8347/3"}]}}{"C40060":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Adenocarcinofibroma","code":"C40060","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells resembling endometrial cells in a fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Adenocarcinofibroma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Malignant Adenofibroma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518711"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8381/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Endometrioid_Adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid adenofibroma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8381/3"}]}}{"C4169":{"preferredName":"Apocrine Carcinoma","code":"C4169","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma with apocrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands. It presents as single or multiple nodular lesions which may be ulcerated or hemorrhagic and is usually in the axilla and less often in the anogenital region. It grows in the dermis and infiltrates subcutaneous tissues. It is characterized by the presence of large cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and large often vesicular nuclei. Most cases are slow growing tumors and have a prolonged course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apocrine Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Apocrine Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706827"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8401/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Apocrine_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Apocrine adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8401/3"}]}}{"C162848":{"preferredName":"Digital Papillary Adenoma","code":"C162848","definitions":[{"description":"An eccrine sweat gland adenoma with aggressive local growth. Most cases present as nodular lesions on the digits. It is characterized by the presence of tubular and ductal structures with areas of papillary projections into cystic lumina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aggressive Digital Papillary Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Digital Papillary Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266064"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aggressive digital papillary adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8408/1"}]}}{"C27255":{"preferredName":"Eccrine Carcinoma","code":"C27255","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant carcinoma with eccrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An adenocarcinoma with eccrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands. It includes the following subtypes: ductal eccrine adenocarcinoma, papillary eccrine carcinoma, and eccrine porocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, ECCRINE GLAND, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eccrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eccrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1302864"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8413/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eccrine_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eccrine adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8413/3"}]}}{"C65203":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Papillary Cystadenoma","code":"C65203","definitions":[{"description":"A benign cystic glandular epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic clear or hobnail cells which form papillary structures. There is no evidence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Papillary Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880102"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8443/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Papillary_Cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8443/0"}]}}{"C5728":{"preferredName":"Solid Pseudopapillary Carcinoma of the Pancreas","code":"C5728","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the exocrine pancreas. It occurs predominantly in young women. It is characterized by the presence of extensive necrosis and hemorrhage and is composed of polyhedral cells forming solid and pseudopapillary patterns. There is morphologic evidence of perineural invasion, vascular invasion, or extensive invasion into the surrounding tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Solid Pseudopapillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solid Pseudopapillary Carcinoma of Pancreas","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solid Pseudopapillary Carcinoma of the Pancreas","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336029"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8452/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Solid_Pseudopapillary_Carcinoma_of_the_Pancreas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solid pseudopapillary carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8452/3"}]}}{"C95514":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm, Oncocytic-Type","code":"C95514","definitions":[{"description":"A pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IOPN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic IOPN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Oncocytic Papillary Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm, Oncocytic-Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987197"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary mucinous adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary-mucinous adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8453/0"}]}}{"C7315":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Serous Surface Papillary Tumor","code":"C7315","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm of low malignant potential arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of papillary proliferations that contain atypical serous epithelial cells in the outer surface of the ovary. There is no evidence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Serous Surface Papillary Neoplasm","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Serous Surface Papillary Tumor","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511269"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8463/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Ovarian_Serous_Papillary_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous surface papillary tumor of borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8463/1"}]}}{"C41245":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Non-Invasive Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C41245","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive malignant cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the exocrine pancreas. It occurs almost exclusively in women. Small tumors are usually found incidentally. Larger tumors usually produce symptoms related to compression of the adjacent structures. It is characterized by the presence of columnar, mucin-producing epithelial cells which often form papillary projections with irregular branching and budding. There is cellular stratification, severe dysplasia, and high mitotic activity present. Complete surgical removal is usually associated with an excellent prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Non-Invasive Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518874"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8470/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreatic_Non-Invasive_Mucinous_Cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, non-invasive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8470/2"}]}}{"C5139":{"preferredName":"Intraductal Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma","code":"C5139","definitions":[{"description":"An intraductal papillary carcinoma in which the neoplastic epithelial cells are arranged in micropapillary patterns.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraductal Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary DCIS of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary DCIS of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary Ductal Breast Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma in situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma in situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Micropapillary Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Micropapillary Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Micropapillary Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334249"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8507/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intraductal_Micropapillary_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal micropapillary carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8507/2"}]}}{"C9119":{"preferredName":"Medullary Breast Carcinoma","code":"C9119","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of breast cancer that often can be treated successfully. It is marked by lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) in and around the tumor that can be seen when viewed under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An infiltrating breast carcinoma with a relatively favorable prognosis. It is an uncommon carcinoma, accounting for less than 1% of all infiltrating breast carcinomas. It is well circumscribed, with soft cut surface and often of considerable size. Microscopically, the predominant growth pattern is syncytial with broad anastomosing bands or sheets of malignant cells. The malignant cells are round with abundant cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei. The sheets of malignant cells are associated with a marked lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. Glandular or tubular structures are absent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Medullary Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Medullary Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Medullary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Medullary Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Medullary Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Breast Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Medullary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Medullary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Breast Carcinoma with Lymphoid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"medullary breast carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0860580"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8512/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Medullary_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medullary carcinoma with lymphoid stroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8512/3"}]}}{"C66719":{"preferredName":"Atypical Medullary Breast Carcinoma","code":"C66719","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive ductal breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of a predominantly syncytial architectural pattern. It may have some, but not all the strictly defined additional morphologic criteria which are necessary for the diagnosis of medullary breast carcinoma (presence of a diffuse lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, neoplastic round cells with abundant cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei, complete histological circumscription, and absence of glandular or tubular structures). It does not have the relatively favorable outcome that characterizes medullary breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Medullary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal Breast Carcinoma with Medullary Features","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879758"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8513/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Medullary_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical medullary carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8513/3"}]}}{"C7362":{"preferredName":"Scirrhous Breast Carcinoma","code":"C7362","definitions":[{"description":"An infiltrating ductal breast carcinoma associated with stromal fibrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Carcinoma of Breast with Fibrotic Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Carcinoma of the Breast with Fibrotic Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scirrhous Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Scirrhous Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scirrhous Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scirrhous Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346151"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8514/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Scirrhous_Carcinoma_of_the_Breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Duct carcinoma, desmoplastic type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8514/3"}]}}{"C35702":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Polymorphous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C35702","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from the salivary gland. It usually arises from the oral cavity, with approximately 60% of the cases involving the palate. The most common presenting sign is a painless mass in the palate. It is characterized by the presence of uniform, small to medium size malignant epithelial cells and an infiltrating pattern. There is a variety of morphologic patterns which may be present within an individual tumor, including lobular, papillary, papillary-cystic, cribriform, and trabecular pattern. It usually has a favorable clinical outcome and a low metastatic potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polymorphous adenocarcinoma, classic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Polymorphous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Polymorphous Adenocarcinoma, Classical Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Polymorphous Low Grade Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Terminal Duct Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1335907"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8525/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Salivary_Gland_Polymorphous_Low-Grade_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Polymorphous adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8525/3"}]}}{"C4001":{"preferredName":"Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma","code":"C4001","definitions":[{"description":"A type of breast cancer in which the breast looks red and swollen and feels warm. The skin of the breast may also show the pitted appearance called peau d'orange (like the skin of an orange). The redness and warmth occur because the cancer cells block the lymph vessels in the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An advanced, invasive breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of distinct changes in the overlying skin. These changes include diffuse erythema, edema, peau d'orange (skin of an orange) appearance, tenderness, induration, warmth, enlargement, and in some cases a palpable mass. The skin changes are the consequence of lymphatic obstruction from the underlying invasive breast adenocarcinoma. Microscopically, the dermal lymphatics show prominent infiltration by malignant cells. The invasive breast adenocarcinoma is usually of ductal, NOS type. There is not significant inflammatory cell infiltrate present, despite the name of this carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inflammatory Breast Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Breast Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory breast carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Mastitis Carcinomatosa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"inflammatory breast cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0278601"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8530/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inflammatory_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Inflammatory carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8530/3"}]}}{"C7951":{"preferredName":"Paget Disease of the Breast with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","code":"C7951","definitions":[{"description":"Paget disease involving the skin overlying the mammary gland, accompanied by invasive ductal breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Paget Disease of the Breast with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paget Disease of the Breast with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease and Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease and Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of Breast with Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of Breast with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of the Breast with Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of the Breast with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279567"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8541/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Paget_s_Disease_of_the_Breast_with_Invasive_Ductal_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paget disease and infiltrating duct carcinoma of breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8541/3"}]}}{"C45602":{"preferredName":"Lung Mixed Squamous Cell and Glandular Papilloma","code":"C45602","definitions":[{"description":"An exceedingly rare benign endobronchial neoplasm characterized by the presence of fibrovascular cores which are lined by both squamous and glandular epithelium. Patients present with obstructive symptoms. Complete resection is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung Mixed Squamous Cell and Glandular Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Mixed Squamous and Glandular Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708774"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8560/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lung_Mixed_Squamous_and_Glandular_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8560/0"}]}}{"C4208":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Sex Cord Tumor with Annular Tubules","code":"C4208","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor characterized by the presence of Sertoli cells forming annular tubules. It may be associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Cases associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome have followed a benign clinical course. Cases which are not associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome have been reported having a clinically malignant course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Sertoli Cell Tumor, Annular Tubular Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sex Cord Neoplasm with Annular Tubules","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sex Cord Tumor with Annular Tubules","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519276"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8623/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sex_Cord_Tumor_with_Annular_Tubules"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sex cord tumor with annular tubules"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8623/1"}]}}{"C4209":{"preferredName":"Well Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","code":"C4209","definitions":[{"description":"A Sertoli-Leydig tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of Sertoli cells in tubules without evidence of significant nuclear atypia or mitotic activity. Primitive gonadal stromal cells are not present. It usually follows a benign clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Well Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL415114"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8631/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Androblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, well differentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8631/0"}]}}{"C4210":{"preferredName":"Poorly Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","code":"C4210","definitions":[{"description":"A Sertoli-Leydig tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of a sarcomatoid stroma which contains primitive gonadal stromal cells. It may behave in a malignant fashion and metastasize to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879314"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8631/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Androblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, poorly differentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8631/3"}]}}{"C39974":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor with Retiform Elements","code":"C39974","definitions":[{"description":"A Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor characterized by the presence of spaces that resemble rete testis (retiform elements). These spaces form anastomosing patterns and comprise at least ten percent but less than ninety percent of the tumor. When the retiform elements comprise ninety percent or more of the tumor, the term retiform Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor is used. A minority of patients may have an aggressive clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor with Retiform Elements","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518731"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Sertoli-Leydig_Cell_Tumor_with_Retiform_Elements"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, retiform"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8633/1"}]}}{"C39972":{"preferredName":"Moderately Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor, Variant with Heterologous Elements","code":"C39972","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of intermediate differentiation, characterized by the presence of a heterologous component, usually consisting of cartilage, skeletal muscle, or rhabdomyosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intermediate Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor, Variant with Heterologous Elements","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moderately Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor, Variant with Heterologous Elements","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512861"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8634/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intermediate_Differentiated_Ovarian_Sertoli-Leydig_Cell_Tumor_Variant_with_Heterologous_Elements"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, intermediate differentiation, with heterologous elements"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8634/1"}]}}{"C39973":{"preferredName":"Poorly Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor, Variant with Heterologous Elements","code":"C39973","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian poorly differentiated Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor. It is characterized by the presence of a heterologous component, usually consisting of cartilage, skeletal muscle, or rhabdomyosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor, Variant with Heterologous Elements","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514226"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8634/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Poorly_Differentiated_Ovarian_Sertoli-Leydig_Cell_Tumor_Variant_with_Heterologous_Elements"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, poorly differentiated, with heterologous elements"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8634/3"}]}}{"C4211":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Sertoli Cell Tumor with Lipid Storage","code":"C4211","definitions":[{"description":"A Sertoli cell tumor that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of cells that are distended by the presence of intracytoplasmic lipid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Sertoli Cell Tumor with Lipid Storage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883404"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tubular_Androblastoma_with_Lipid_Storage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli cell tumor with lipid storage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8641/0"}]}}{"C39944":{"preferredName":"Testicular Large Cell Calcifying Sertoli Cell Tumor","code":"C39944","definitions":[{"description":"A testicular Sertoli cell tumor characterized by the presence of large polygonal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm in a myxoid and hyalinized stroma. Calcifications may be present in the stroma. Malignant behavior is uncommon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Testicular Large Cell Calcifying Sertoli Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515287"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8642/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Testicular_Large_Cell_Calcifying_Sertoli_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8642/1"}]}}{"C39981":{"preferredName":"Malignant Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumor","code":"C39981","definitions":[{"description":"A steroid tumor of the ovary which has an aggressive clinical course and metastasizes to other anatomic sites. It is usually of large size and is characterized by nuclear atypia, increased mitotic activity, hemorrhage, and necrosis. Sometimes, patients have abdominal metastases at presentation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2212011"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8670/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Ovarian_Steroid_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Steroid cell tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8670/3"}]}}{"C3944":{"preferredName":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevus","code":"C3944","definitions":[{"description":"A melanocytic nevus that is present at birth. It may present as a small macular, papular, or plaque-like lesion or as a large brown to black hairy skin lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Pigmented Melanocytic Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Congenital Pigmented Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Pigmented Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Pigmented Skin Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Skin Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1318558"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Congenital_Melanocytic_Skin_Nevus"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Congenital melanocytic nevus, NOS"}]}}{"C4235":{"preferredName":"Melanoma Arising in Giant Congenital Nevus","code":"C4235","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma arising in a giant congenital melanocytic nevus. The risk of developing a melanoma in a giant congenital melanocytic nevus has been reported to be between 5% and 50%. The incidence of developing melanoma is higher before the age of 10 and in adult life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Melanoma Arising in Giant Congenital Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883039"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8761/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Skin_Melanoma_in_Giant_Pigmented_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant melanoma arising in giant congenital nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant melanoma in giant pigmented nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8761/3"}]}}{"C40173":{"preferredName":"Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma of the Uterine Corpus","code":"C40173","definitions":[{"description":"A cytologically benign smooth muscle neoplasm that arises from the uterine corpus and has metastasized to the lungs, abdomen, or lymph nodes. It usually presents in women with a history of benign uterine leiomyomas that have been surgically removed years before the extrauterine neoplasm spread.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma of the Uterine Corpus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Metastasizing Leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511090"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8898/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Metastasizing_Leiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Metastasizing leiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8898/1"}]}}{"C4259":{"preferredName":"Rhabdomyosarcoma with Mixed Embryonal and Alveolar Features","code":"C4259","definitions":[{"description":"A rhabdomyosarcoma composed of embryonic and alveolar components. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with myoblastic differentiation, a myxoid stroma, and fibrous septa. These tumors were previously considered variants of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. The lack of PAX3-FOXO1 fusions in most of these tumors suggests that are biologically and clinically related to embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Type Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyosarcoma with Mixed Embryonal and Alveolar Features","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709053"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8902/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Type_Rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed type rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8902/3"}]}}{"C4261":{"preferredName":"Adult Extracardiac Rhabdomyoma","code":"C4261","definitions":[{"description":"A benign mesenchymal neoplasm arising from skeletal muscle and occurring in adults.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Extracardiac Rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult Extracardiac Rhabdomyomatous Hamartoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055487"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8904/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adult_Rhabdomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adult rhabdomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8904/0"}]}}{"C45747":{"preferredName":"Adult Cardiac Cellular Rhabdomyoma","code":"C45747","definitions":[{"description":"Cardiac rhabdomyoma occurring in adults. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic striated muscle cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and increased cellularity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Cardiac Cellular Rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult Heart Cellular Rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706729"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adult_Cardiac_Cellular_Rhabdomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adult cellular rhabdomyoma"}]}}{"C40182":{"preferredName":"Uterine Corpus Carcinofibroma","code":"C40182","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon malignant neoplasm arising from the uterine corpus. It is characterized by the presence of a malignant epithelial component and a benign mesenchymal (usually fibrous) component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Carcinofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883485"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8934/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Uterine_Corpus_Adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8934/3"}]}}{"C5100":{"preferredName":"Renomedullary Interstitial Cell Tumor","code":"C5100","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, asymptomatic kidney tumor arising from renomedullary interstitial cells. It is often found incidentally at the time of nephrectomy in adults. These tumors are either single or multiple and usually measure 1-10 mm in diameter. Microscopically the tumor cells are small, stellate, or spindled cells, embedded in a faintly basophilic stroma reminiscent of renal medullary stroma. (WHO 2016)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroma of Renal Medulla","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Hamartoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renomedullary Interstitial Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1335742"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8966/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Renal_Fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renomedullary interstitial cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8966/0"}]}}{"C66774":{"preferredName":"Ossifying Renal Tumor of Infancy","code":"C66774","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the kidney occurring in infants. It develops as an intracalyceal mass and is characterized by the presence of osteoid formation, osteoblast-like cells, and spindle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ORTI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossifying Renal Tumor of Infancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1882198"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8967/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ossifying_Renal_Tumor_of_Infancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ossifying renal tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8967/0"}]}}{"C35837":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Sialoblastoma","code":"C35837","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, congenital or perinatal, aggressive and potentially low-grade malignant basaloid neoplasm that occurs in the major salivary glands. It typically presents as a mass over the angle of the mandible. Most involve the parotid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Salivary Gland Sialoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1335911"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8974/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Salivary_Gland_Sialoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sialoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8974/1"}]}}{"C96830":{"preferredName":"Calcifying Nested Stromal-Epithelial Tumor of the Liver","code":"C96830","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant tumor that arises from the liver and occurs in children. It is characterized by the presence of nested epithelioid and spindle cells. Desmoplasia, calcifications, and bone formation may also be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNSET","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Nested Epithelial Stromal Tumor of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Nested Epithelial-Stromal Tumor of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Nested Stromal Epithelial Tumor of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Nested Stromal-Epithelial Tumor of the Liver","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273067"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8975/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Calcifying nested epithelial stromal tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Calcifying nested stromal-epithelial tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8975/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Calcifying fibrous tumor"}]}}{"C8975":{"preferredName":"Malignant Mixed Mesodermal (Mullerian) Tumor","code":"C8975","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the female reproductive tract (mostly uterus and ovaries) originating from the Mullerian ducts and composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare type of tumor that is a mixture of carcinoma and sarcoma cells. MMMT usually occurs in the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggressive malignant tumor of the female reproductive system, affecting predominantly elderly menopausal women. The endometrium and ovary are the most common sites of tumor origin. Morphologically, it is a high grade tumor, composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MMMT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MMMT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MMMT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MULLERIAN TUMOR, MIXED, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Mesodermal (Mullerian) Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Mesodermal (Müllerian) Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Mesodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Mesodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Mullerian Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Müllerian Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"malignant mixed Mullerian tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334603"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Mixed_Mesodermal_Mullerian_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinosarcoma, embryonal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8981/3"}]}}{"C6899":{"preferredName":"Breast Adenomyoepithelioma","code":"C6899","definitions":[{"description":"A usually benign tumor arising from the breast. It is characterized by the proliferation of cells with myoepithelial differentiation around spaces which are lined by epithelial cells. Rarely, the epithelial and/or myoepithelial cells may undergo malignant transformation. Cases with malignant transformation may follow an aggressive clinical course, including recurrences and local and distant metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenomyoepithelioma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Adenomyoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1510795"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8983/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenomyoepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenomyoepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenomyoepithelioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8983/0"}]}}{"C40028":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Serous Adenofibroma","code":"C40028","definitions":[{"description":"A low malignant potential adenofibroma arising from the ovary. It is characterized by an atypical epithelial hyperplasia. The epithelial cells are of serous type. There is no evidence of stromal destructive invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Serous Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511266"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9014/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Ovarian_Serous_Adenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous adenofibroma of borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9014/1"}]}}{"C67092":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Serous Adenocarcinofibroma","code":"C67092","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the ovary with an invasive epithelial component and a fibrotic stroma. The epithelial component is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells of serous type, forming glandular, papillary, and solid patterns.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Serous Adenocarcinofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2212013"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9014/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Serous_Adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9014/3"}]}}{"C66775":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Mucinous Adenofibroma","code":"C66775","definitions":[{"description":"A low malignant potential adenofibroma of the ovary It is characterized by an atypical epithelial hyperplasia. The epithelial cells contain intracytoplasmic mucin. There is no evidence of stromal destructive invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Mucinous Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Mucinous Adenofibroma of Borderline Malignancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881912"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9015/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucinous_Adenofibroma_of_Borderline_Malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous adenofibroma of borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9015/1"}]}}{"C40034":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Mucinous Adenocarcinofibroma","code":"C40034","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the ovary with an invasive epithelial component and a fibrotic stroma. The epithelial component is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with intracytoplasmic mucin. Cystic spaces are also present which contain mucoid material.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Mucinous Adenocarcinofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Mucinous Malignant Adenofibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2212014"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9015/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Mucinous_Adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9015/3"}]}}{"C6536":{"preferredName":"Peritoneal Multicystic Mesothelioma","code":"C6536","definitions":[{"description":"A cystic mesothelioma that arises from the peritoneum and usually affects young to middle aged females. Grossly, it presents as a large multiloculated tumor mass, usually in the pelvic peritoneum. Histologically it is characterized by the presence of multiple cysts that are lined by one or more layers of mesothelial cells that do not show atypia. Patients usually present with abdominal or pelvic mass and pain. The clinical course is indolent. The tumor may recur, but transformation to diffuse malignant mesothelioma is rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multicystic Mesothelioma of Peritoneum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multicystic Mesothelioma of the Peritoneum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multilocular Peritoneal Inclusion Cyst","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peritoneal Multicystic Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334818"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Multicystic_Peritoneal_Mesothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peritoneal inclusion cysts"}]}}{"C40345":{"preferredName":"Testicular Germ Cell Neoplasia In Situ","code":"C40345","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive lesion of the testis, characterized by the presence of malignant large germ cells with abundant cytoplasm in the seminiferous tubules. It may be associated with undescended or atrophic testis and infertility. The vast majority of cases progress to invasive germ cell tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GCNIS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gonocytoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Germ Cell Neoplasia In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia of Unclassified Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia of the Unclassified Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia, Unclassified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia, Unclassified","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515286"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9064/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Testicular_Intratubular_Germ_Cell_Neoplasia_Unclassified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intratubular malignant germ cells"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9064/2"}]}}{"C66776":{"preferredName":"Gonadal Polyembryoma","code":"C66776","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant germ cell tumor arising from the testis and less often from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of embryoid bodies which resemble early embryos.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gonadal Polyembryoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gonadal Polyembryoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880996"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9072/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gonadal_Polyembryoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9072/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Polyembryoma"}]}}{"C4438":{"preferredName":"Liver Angiosarcoma","code":"C4438","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant vascular neoplasm arising from the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiosarcoma of Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiosarcoma of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangiosarcoma of Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangiosarcoma of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Hemangiosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Liver Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Liver Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver Hemangiosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Angiosarcoma of Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Angiosarcoma of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0345907"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9124/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatic_Angiosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Kupffer cell sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Angiosarcoma of liver"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9124/3"}]}}{"C4487":{"preferredName":"Tufted Hemangioma","code":"C4487","definitions":[{"description":"A capillary hemangioma of the skin usually presenting with patches or plaques.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angioblastoma of Nakagawa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tufted Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tufted Angioma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tufted Angioma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tufted Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tufted Hemangioma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tufted Hemangioma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tufted Skin Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346073"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9161/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tufted_Hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acquired tufted hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9161/0"}]}}{"C6469":{"preferredName":"Osteosarcoma Arising in Paget Disease of Bone","code":"C6469","definitions":[{"description":"A sarcomatous transformation of pre-existing Paget disease of the bone. Osteosarcomas arising from Paget disease of the bone are high grade lesions and usually have a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Osteosarcoma Arising in Bone Paget's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma Arising in Osseous Paget's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma Arising in Osteitis Deformans","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma Arising in Paget Disease of Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma Arising in Paget's Disease of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1335148"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9184/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Osteosarcoma_Arising_in_Paget_s_Disease_of_Bone"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteosarcoma in Paget disease of bone"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9184/3"}]}}{"C66799":{"preferredName":"Metastasizing Chondroblastoma","code":"C66799","definitions":[{"description":"A rare chondroblastoma that has metastasized to another anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metastasizing Chondroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4054527"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9230/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Chondroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chondroblastoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9230/3"}]}}{"C173740":{"preferredName":"Ameloblastic Fibroodontosarcoma","code":"C173740","definitions":[{"description":"An odontogenic sarcoma producing enamel/enameloid and dentin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastic Fibroodontosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic fibro-odontosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic odontosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Odontogenic fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9290/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ameloblastic fibro-odontosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9290/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ameloblastic odontosarcoma"}]}}{"C173735":{"preferredName":"Odontogenic Carcinosarcoma","code":"C173735","definitions":[{"description":"An extremely rare malignant mixed odontogenic neoplasm in which both the epithelial and the mesenchymal components are cytologically malignant. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastic Carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Odontogenic Mixed Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic carcinosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic Carcinosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9342/3"}]}}{"C66807":{"preferredName":"Benign Intraocular Medulloepithelioma","code":"C66807","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, unilateral, benign embryonic neoplasm typically presenting as a cilliary body mass during childhood. It is composed of medullary epithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Intraocular Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879808"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9501/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Intraocular_Medulloepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medulloepithelioma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9501/0"}]}}{"C66809":{"preferredName":"Benign Intraocular Teratoid Medulloepithelioma","code":"C66809","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, unilateral, benign embryonic neoplasm typically presenting as a cilliary body mass during childhood. It is composed of medullary epithelial cells and heterologus elements, particularly cartilage, skeletal muscle, and brain tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Intraocular Teratoid Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879809"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9502/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Intraocular_Teratoid_Medulloepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Teratoid medulloepithelioma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9502/0"}]}}{"C66810":{"preferredName":"Intraocular Teratoid Medulloepithelioma","code":"C66810","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, unilateral, benign or malignant embryonic neoplasm typically presenting as a cilliary body mass during childhood. It is composed of medullary epithelial cells and heterologus elements, particularly cartilage, skeletal muscle, and brain tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraocular Teratoid Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881244"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9502/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intraocular_Teratoid_Medulloepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Teratoid medulloepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Teratoid medulloepithelioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9502/3"}]}}{"C84277":{"preferredName":"Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with FGFR1 Rearrangement","code":"C84277","definitions":[{"description":"Hematologic neoplasms characterized by the rearrangement of the FGFR1 gene, resulting in translocations with an 8p11 breakpoint. Patients present with a myeloproliferative neoplasm, acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia of T or B-cell lineage, or acute leukemia of mixed phenotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"8p11 Myeloproliferative Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8p11 Stem Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8p11 Stem Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8p11 Stem Cell Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid and Lymphoid Neoplasms with FGFR1 Rearrangement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with FGFR1 abnormalities","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with FGFR1 Rearrangement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827362"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9967/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with FGFR1 abnormalities"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid or lymphoid neoplasm with FGFR1 abnormalities"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9967/3"}]}}{"C40081":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Clear Cell Adenofibroma","code":"C40081","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm with low malignant potential affecting the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of atypical glands and/or cystic spaces lined with clear or hobnail cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Clear Cell Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511258"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8313/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Ovarian_Clear_Cell_Adenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell adenofibroma of borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8313/1"}]}}{"C37212":{"preferredName":"Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas","code":"C37212","definitions":[{"description":"A low-grade malignant neoplasm that arises from the exocrine pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of uniform cells that form solid and pseudopapillary patterns, cystic changes, and hemorrhage. Perineural invasion, vascular invasion, and invasion into surrounding tissues may be present. It usually presents as an encapsulated, solitary, and lobulated pancreatic mass. It is usually found incidentally during physical examination or it may present with abdominal discomfort and pain. It occurs predominantly in young women. Complete removal of the tumor is curative in the majority of cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Frantz Tumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor of the Pancreas","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336030"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8452/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Solid_Pseudopapillary_Tumor_of_the_Pancreas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of pancreas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solid pseudopapillary tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8452/1"}]}}{"C95493":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Mucinous-Cystic Neoplasm, High Grade","code":"C95493","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the pancreas and is characterized by the presence of severe dysplasia. The neoplastic columnar mucin-producing epithelial cells form papillae with irregular branching and budding. There is nuclear stratification, prominent nucleoli, and cellular pleomorphism. Mitotic activity is present and the mitoses may be atypical.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mucinous-Cystic Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mucinous-Cystic Neoplasm, High Grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mucinous-Cystic Neoplasm, High-Grade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987185"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8470/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous cystic neoplasm with high grade dysplasia"}]}}{"C66754":{"preferredName":"Small Congenital Melanocytic Nevus","code":"C66754","definitions":[{"description":"A congenital nevus of small size, with a diameter smaller than 1.5 cm. It presents as a macular, papular or plaque-like lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Congenital Melanocytic Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883045"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8761/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Small_Congenital_Melanocytic_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small congenital nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8761/0"}]}}{"C164250":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-Negative Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C164250","definitions":[{"description":"A squamous cell carcinoma not associated with human papilloma virus infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-Negative Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-Negative Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973823"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous cell carcinoma, HPV negative"}]}}{"C5241":{"preferredName":"Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","code":"C5241","definitions":[{"description":"A biphasic tumor that arises from the ovary or the testis. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic germ cells and neoplastic sex cord-stromal cells; examples include the gonadoblastoma and mixed germ cell-sex cord stromal tumor, unclassifiable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A biphasic neoplasm that arises from the ovary or the testis. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic germ cells and neoplastic sex cord-stromal cells. It includes the gonadoblastoma and mixed germ cell-sex cord stromal tumor, unclassifiable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord-Stromal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1321220"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Germ_Cell-Sex_Cord-Stromal_Tumor"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed germ cell-sex cord-stromal tumor, NOS"}]}}{"C5143":{"preferredName":"Malignant Breast Adenomyoepithelioma","code":"C5143","definitions":[{"description":"An adenomyoepithelioma of the breast in which the epithelial, myoepithelial, or both components have undergone malignant transformation. Such cases may follow an aggressive clinical course, including recurrences and local and distant metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Adenomyoepithelioma with Malignant Change","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adenomyoepithelioma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adenomyoepithelioma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Breast Adenomyoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334564"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Breast_Adenomyoepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenomyoepithelioma with carcinoma"}]}}{"C164205":{"preferredName":"Biphenotypic Sinonasal Sarcoma","code":"C164205","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, slow-growing, low-grade soft tissue sarcoma arising from the sinonasal tract. It presents with non-specific obstructive nasal symptoms. Morphologically, it is an infiltrative, cellular spindle cell neoplasm. It is associated with rearrangement of the PAX3 gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BSNS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biphenotypic Sinonasal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Sinonasal Sarcoma with Neural and Myogenic Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Sinonasal Sarcoma with Neural and Myogenic Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977505"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma"}]}}{"C173720":{"preferredName":"Odontogenic Carcinoma","code":"C173720","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from tooth-forming tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Odontogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic carcinoma"}]}}{"C173738":{"preferredName":"Odontogenic Sarcoma","code":"C173738","definitions":[{"description":"A sarcoma that arises from tooth-forming tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Odontogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic sarcoma"}]}}{"C141136":{"preferredName":"ALK Inhibitor","code":"C141136","definitions":[{"description":"Any agent that inhibits the activity of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539186"}]}}{"C124946":{"preferredName":"PD1 Inhibitor","code":"C124946","definitions":[{"description":"An agent designed to interfere with the activity of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1). PD1 inhibitors block T-cell apoptosis and act as non-specific activators of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PD-1 Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1-targeting Agent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD1 Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD1 Inhibitor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PD1 Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein PD-1 Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4086713"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C82892":{"preferredName":"Hemochromatosis","code":"C82892","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which the body takes up and stores more iron than it needs. The extra iron is stored in the liver, heart, and pancreas, which may cause liver disease, heart problems, organ failure, and cancer. It may also cause bronze skin, diabetes, pain in the joints and abdomen, tiredness, and impotence. Hemochromatosis may be inherited, or it may be caused by blood transfusions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Accumulation of iron in internal organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemochromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemochromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hemochromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hemochromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemosiderosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hemochromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019114"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hemosiderosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemochromatosis"}]}}{"C49024":{"preferredName":"Myofibroblastic Sarcoma","code":"C49024","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade malignant neoplasm arising from the deep soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped myofibroblasts and collagenous stroma formation in a storiform growth pattern. 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This modification is associated with heterochromatin formation and plays a role in embryonic stem cell lineage commitment and maintenance of lineage fidelity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3K9me3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"H3K9me3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3 Trimethyl Lys9","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H3K9me3"}]}}{"C174110":{"preferredName":"Histone H3 Trimethyl Lys27","code":"C174110","definitions":[{"description":"A post-translationally modified form of histone H3 where the lysine residue at position 27 is trimethylated. This modification is associated with formation of heterochromatin and polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3K27me3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"H3K27me3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3 Trimethyl Lys27","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H3K27me3"}]}}{"C173820":{"preferredName":"Ossifying Fibroma","code":"C173820","definitions":[{"description":"A benign fibro-osseous neoplasm affecting the jaws and the craniofacial skeleton. 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BMS-275183 may be useful for treating multi-drug resistant tumors as it does not appear to be a substrate for P-glycoprotein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"14C BMS-275183","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[14C] BMS-275183","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831856"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487486"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487486"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_14C_BMS-275183"}]}}{"C133224":{"preferredName":"17beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 5 Inhibitor ASP9521","code":"C133224","definitions":[{"description":"A selective, orally bioavailable inhibitor of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5 (17bHSD5, aldo-keto reductase 1C3; AKR1C3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ASP9521 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of 17bHSD5. This prevents the conversion of the adrenal androgens dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione into 5-androstenediol and testosterone. By blocking testosterone production, ASP9521 may inhibit the growth of testosterone-dependent cancers such as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). 17bHSD5, expressed both in normal prostate tissue and in prostate cancer (PC), plays a crucial role in persistent production of androgens despite castration; its expression is associated with increased malignancy of PC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4-(2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)piperidin-1-yl)(5-methoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)methanone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17bHSD5 Inhibitor ASP9521","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 5 Inhibitor ASP9521","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP 9521","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP9521","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4045761"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1126084-37-4"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700558"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700558"}]}}{"C116618":{"preferredName":"2-Deoxy-D-glucose","code":"C116618","definitions":[{"description":"A non-metabolizable glucose analog in which the hydroxyl group at position 2 of glucose is replaced by hydrogen, with potential glycolysis inhibiting and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), this agent competes with glucose for uptake by proliferating cells, such as tumor cells. 2-DG inhibits the first step of glycolysis and therefore prevents cellular energy production, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-DEOXYGLUCOSE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2-DG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Deoxy-D-glucose","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2-Deoxy-D-glucose","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxyglucose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011501"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154-17-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9G2MP84A8W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"409701"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"409701"}]}}{"C1165":{"preferredName":"2-Ethylhydrazide","code":"C1165","definitions":[{"description":"A podophyllic acid derivative of podophyllotoxin, a substance extracted from the mandrake root Podophyllum peltatum. Possessing potent antineoplastic properties, 2-ethylhydrazide binds to and inhibits topoisomerase II and its function in ligating cleaved DNA molecules, resulting in the accumulation of single- or double-strand DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication and transcription, and apoptotic cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Ethylhydrazide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0066615"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_2-Ethylhydrazide"}]}}{"C29794":{"preferredName":"2-Fluoroadenine","code":"C29794","definitions":[{"description":"A fluorinated heterocyclic 2-ring compound. 2-fluoroadenine is the base moiety for many carbocyclic and acyclic nucleoside analogues, which may be used in antineoplastic studies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Purin-6-amine, 2-fluoro- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-FLUOROADENINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2-Fad","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Fluoro-1H-purin-6-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Fluoroadenine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenine, 2-fluoro-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRN 0610958","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purine, 6-amino-2-fluoro-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRI 774","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"27364"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0046110"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"700-49-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2C8H3H4EBG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_2-Fluoroadenine"}]}}{"C131289":{"preferredName":"2-Fluorofucose-containing SGN-2FF","code":"C131289","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable fluorinated analog of fucose that is a protein fucosylation inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of SGN-2FF, 2-fluorofucose (2-FF) mimics fucose and is converted to guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-2FF, which prevents the formation of the fucosylation substrate GDP-fucose, and the incorporation of fucose into glycoproteins by fucosyltransferase. As fucosylation of glycoproteins plays a key role in many biological processes, such as protein function, receptor binding, cell signaling and cellular adhesion, and is essential for tumor progression, blocking fucosylation decreases tumor cell growth. In addition, blocking fucosylation of monoclonal antibodies generates fucose-deficient antibodies that exert enhanced antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-FF Containing SGN-2FF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Fluorofucose-containing SGN-2FF","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2-Fluorofucose-containing SGN-2FF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2FF-containing SGN-2FF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-2FF","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514470"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785540"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785540"}]}}{"C120474":{"preferredName":"2-Hydroxyestradiol","code":"C120474","definitions":[{"description":"A metabolite formed during the metabolism of 17beta-estradiol by hydroxylation of the carbon at position 2 by the CYP450 enzymes 1A1/1A2. Theoretically, 2-hydroxyestradiol (2-OHE2) is able to undergo redox cycling, which generates active radicals and induces DNA damage; however, this estradiol metabolite is very unstable in vivo and is quickly inactivated by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)-mediated O-methylation and converted to 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MeE2). 2-MeE2 exerts antineoplastic activities through its estrogen receptor antagonistic effect and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(17beta)-Estra-1,3,5(10)-Triene-2,3,17-Triol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-HYDROXYESTRADIOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxy-17beta-Estradiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyestradiol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyestradiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyestradiol-17beta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-OH-E2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-OH-Estradiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-OHE2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0046196"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"362-05-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AYU2L67YUU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28744"}]}}{"C63947":{"preferredName":"2-Hydroxyestrone","code":"C63947","definitions":[{"description":"A metabolite formed during the catabolism of estrone by the liver through the hydroxylation of the carbon at position 2 by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, including CYP1A1 and 1A2, with potential anticarcinogenic activity. The mechanism of action for the antitumor activity of 2-hydroxyestrone is not known but this metabolic product has minimal estrogenic activity compared to the parent compound and other estrone metabolites. Additionally, O-methylation of this compound produces 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MeOE2), which is a potent inhibitor of both cell proliferation and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3,5(10)-Estratrien-2,3-diol-17-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-HYDROXYESTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyestrone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyestrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyestrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-OHE(1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-OHE1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Catecholestrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estra-1,3,5(1)-Trien-17-One, 2,3-Dihydroxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0046200"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"362-06-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UQS3A06ILY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H22O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_2-Hydroxyestrone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:1156"}]}}{"C85482":{"preferredName":"2-Hydroxyflutamide Depot","code":"C85482","definitions":[{"description":"A depot formulation containing a bioresorbable, controlled-release, calcium sulphate-based paste of the nonsteroidal antiandrogen 2-hydroxyflutamide (2-HOF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon injection into the tumor site in the prostate, 2-hydroxyflutamide depot slowly releases 2-HOF, which competitively binds to androgen receptors (ARs), blocking the binding of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This may inhibit androgen-dependent DNA and protein synthesis, resulting in tumor cell growth arrest and decreased cellular proliferation. In addition, 2-HOF inhibits nuclear uptake of androgen in androgen-responsive tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Hydroxyflutamide Controlled-Release Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyflutamide Depot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liproca","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412370"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648122"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648122"}]}}{"C105401":{"preferredName":"2-Hydroxyoleic Acid","code":"C105401","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, synthetic analog of the fatty acid oleic acid, with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration, 2-hydroxyoleic acid (2OHOA) activates sphingomyelin synthase (SMS), thereby increasing the concentration of sphingomyelin (SM) and diacylglycerol (DAG) in the tumor cell membrane and decreasing membrane levels of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). This restores the normal, healthy levels and ratios of membrane lipids. By restoring normal membrane lipid structure and composition, this agent inhibits membrane-protein associated signaling and the aberrant activity of signaling pathways in certain tumor cells, including the Ras/MAPK and PI3K/AKt pathways. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation, induces tumor cell differentiation, and eventually can cause cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-HYDROXYOLEIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2-Hydroxyoleic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-OHOA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2OHOA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Minerval","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1566317"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OSV3KVO1BT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746793"}]}}{"C965":{"preferredName":"2-Methoxyestradiol","code":"C965","definitions":[{"description":"2ME2. A drug derived from estrogen that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors. It prevents the formation of new blood vessels that tumors need in order to grow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable estradiol metabolite with potential antineoplastic activity. 2-Methoxyestradiol inhibits angiogenesis by reducing endothelial cell proliferation and inducing endothelial cell apoptosis. This agent also inhibits tumor cell growth by binding to tubulin, resulting in antimitotic activity, and by inducing caspase activation, resulting in cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(17beta)-2-Methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-METHOXYESTRADIOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2-MeE2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-MeOE2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Methoxy Estradiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Methoxyestradiol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2-Methoxyestradiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2-Methoxyestradiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-methoxyestradiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"2ME2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panzem","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"659853"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0046319"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"362-07-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6I2QW73SR5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38472"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38472"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H26O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_2-Methoxyestradiol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28955"}]}}{"C62603":{"preferredName":"2-Methoxyestradiol Nanocrystal Colloidal Dispersion","code":"C62603","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable liquid formulation containing the small molecule 2-methoxyestradiol with potential antineoplastic activity. 2-Methoxyestradiol, a naturally occurring estradiol metabolite, exerts its antitumor effect by inhibiting endothelial cells as well as tumor cells through multiple mechanisms. This agent binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule formation, thereby preventing mitosis and subsequent cellular proliferation. In addition, 2-methoxyestradiol induces caspase activation, resulting in cell cycle arrest in G2 phase and apoptosis in due course. This agent also down-regulates hypoxia inducible factor-one alpha (HIF-1a). The nanocrystal colloidal dispersion increases the absorption of 2-methoxyestradiol, thereby improving its bioavailability, which results in enhanced drug plasma levels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methoxyestradiol Nanocrystal Colloidal Dispersion","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2-Methoxyestradiol Nanocrystal Colloidal Dispersion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panzem NCD","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831865"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488412"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488412"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_2-Methoxyestradiol_Nanocrystal_Colloidal_Dispersion"}]}}{"C120472":{"preferredName":"2-Methoxyestrone","code":"C120472","definitions":[{"description":"A metabolite formed during the methylation of 2-hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1) by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), with potential anticarcinogenic and minimal estrogen activities. The mechanism of action for the antitumor activity of 2-methoxyestrone (2-OMeE1) is not known. A high 2-methoxyestrone (2-OMeE1)/2-OHE1 ratio indicates higher methylation efficiency and correlates with a lower cancer risk.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-METHOXYESTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2-MeE1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-MeOE1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Methoxyestrone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2-Methoxyestrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-OMeE1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Hydroxy-2-Methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-Trien-17-One","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0046322"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"362-08-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SJ5857RRL3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:1189"}]}}{"C99130":{"preferredName":"Dociparstat sodium","code":"C99130","definitions":[{"description":"A heparin derivative in which the 2-O and 3-O sulfate groups of heparin are removed and that lacks anticoagulant activity, with potential anti-inflammatory, immodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dociparstat sodium binds to both chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). This prevents the interaction of CXCL12 with CXCR4, blocks CXCR4 activation, and may result in decreased proliferation and migration in CXCR4-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, inhibition of CXCL12/CXCR4 interaction may induce mobilization of hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow into the blood. In addition, dociparstat sodium prevents the interaction of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) with its ligands, including advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), Mac-1(CD11b/CD18), the nuclear pro-inflammatory protein high mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB-1), carboxymethyl lysine-bovine serum albumin (CML-BSA) and members of the S100 calgranulin family. In addition, this agent inhibits the enzymes heparanase, cathepsin G, and human leukocyte elastase, which are involved in inflammation and metastasis. Altogether, this may inhibit tumor cell invasiveness and metastasis. Dociparstat sodium also binds to platelet factor 4 (PF4 or CXCL4) and may prevent PF4's inhibitory effect on platelet production. This may increase platelet production. Unlike heparin, this agent does not induce heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). RAGE, a receptor belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays a key role in inflammation and is overexpressed in a variety of cancers. CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family that plays an important role in chemotaxis, chemoresistance and angiogenesis, and is upregulated in several tumor cell types. The interaction between CXCL12/CXCR4 induces retention of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,3-o-Desulfated Heparin (12000 da)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOCIPARSTAT SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dociparstat sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dociparstat sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"O-desulfated Heparin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODSH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PGX-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PGX-ODSH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PGX100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0915548"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"177021-00-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4O75889WF4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715907"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715907"}]}}{"C29796":{"preferredName":"2,6-Diaminopurine","code":"C29796","definitions":[{"description":"One of a number of organic compounds that share a similar purine structure and possess antiviral and antitumor properties. 2,6-Diaminopurine nucleosides are versatile synthetic precursors for specific N-6 modifications of antiviral and antitumor agents. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Purine-2,6-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-DIAMINOPURINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2,6-Diaminopurine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2,6-Diaminopurine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9h-purine-2,6-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"743"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0045587"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1904-98-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"49P95BAU4Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H6N6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_2_6-Diaminopurine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38001"}]}}{"C126754":{"preferredName":"2,6-Dimethoxyquinone","code":"C126754","definitions":[{"description":"A methoxy-substituted benzoquinone and bioactive compound found in fermented wheat germ extracts, with potential antineoplastic and immune-enhancing activity. 2,6-Dimethoxyquinone (2,6-DMBQ) inhibits anaerobic glycolysis thereby preventing cellular metabolism and inducing apoptosis. As cancer cells use the anaerobic glycolysis pathway to metabolize glucose and cancer cells proliferate at an increased rate as compared to normal, healthy cells, this agent is specifically cytotoxic towards cancer cells. In addition, 2,6-DMBQ exerts immune-enhancing effects by increasing natural killer (NK) cell and T-cell activity against cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-Dione, 2,6-Dimethoxy-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-Dione, 2,6-Dimethoxy- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-DIMETHOXYQUINONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2,6-DMBQ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Dimethoxy-1,4-Benzoquinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Dimethoxy-p-Benzoquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Dimethoxy-p-Quinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Dimethoxybenzoquinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Dimethoxycyclohexa-2,5-Diene-1,4-Dione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Dimethoxyquinone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2,6-Dimethoxyquinone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-Benzoquinone, 2,6-Dimethoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0045611"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"530-55-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1Z701W789S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C80036":{"preferredName":"2'-F-ara-deoxyuridine","code":"C80036","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of advanced solid tumors and lymphomas. It blocks the growth of cells and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of uracil analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A deoxyuridine prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon cellular uptake, 2'-F-ara-deoxyuridine (FAU) is phosphorylated by thymidine kinase to FAU monophosphate and subsequently methylated in the 5'-position by thymidylate synthase (TS) to its activated form, 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl) 5-methyluracil monophosphate (FMAUMP). FMAUMP is incorporated into DNA leading to an inhibition of DNA synthesis and so cell growth. The catalytic activity of TS is critical to activation of FAU and subsequent incorporation into DNA. FAU may be beneficial in the case of tumors with high TS activity that are resistant to TS inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl) Uracil","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl) uracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"1-(2-DEOXY-2-FLUORO-.BETA.-D-ARABINOFURANOSYL)URACIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2'-F-ara-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"2'-F-ara-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388502"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"69123-94-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K7386OMP29"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"616102"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"616102"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11FN2O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_2-F-ara-deoxyuridine"}]}}{"C29475":{"preferredName":"3'-C-ethynylcytidine","code":"C29475","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic cytidine nucleoside containing a covalently bound ethynyl group with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. 3'-C-ethynylcytidine is metabolized in tumor cells to ethynylcytidine triphosphate (ECTP), which inhibits RNA synthesis by competitive inhibition of RNA polymerases I, II and III; subsequently, RNase L is activated, resulting in apoptosis. RNase L is a potent antiviral and antiproliferative endoribonuclease that cleaves singled stranded RNA, causes 28s rRNA fragmentation, and activates Janus Kinase (JAK), a mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis signaling molecule.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(3-C-ethynyl-beta-D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)cytosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3'-C-Ethynylcytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"3'-C-ethynylcytidine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"3'-C-ethynylcytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3'-C-ethynylcytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECdy","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECyd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0533115"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"180300-43-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y3O05I09ZK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614024"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TAS-106"}]}}{"C977":{"preferredName":"4-Nitroestrone 3-Methyl Ether","code":"C977","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic derivative of estradiol. 4-nitroestrone 3-methyl ether inhibits estrogen sulfotransferase (EST), a progesterone-induced secretory endometrial enzyme which affects estrogen receptor levels. This agent has been shown to be an effective growth inhibitor of some chemically induced animal mammary tumors. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-METHOXY-4-NITRO-ESTRA-1,3,5(10)-TRIEN-17-ONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"3-Methoxy-4-nitro-estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Nitroestrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Nitroestrone 3-Methyl Ether","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Nitroestrone 3-methyl ether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"321803"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048573"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"14846-62-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G484L3U0O2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39339"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39339"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_4-Nitroestrone_3-Methyl_Ether"}]}}{"C121828":{"preferredName":"4-Thio-2-deoxycytidine","code":"C121828","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable 4-thio modified 2-deoxycytidine analog, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of 4-thio-2-deoxycytidine (TdCyd), this cytidine analog gets incorporated into DNA during replication and inhibits the activity of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), which blocks DNA hypermethylation. This results in DNMT1 depletion, hypomethylation of DNA, and the reactivation of tumor suppressor genes that were silenced by hypermethylation; this results in antitumor activity and an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-Thio-2'-deoxycytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Thio-2-deoxycytidine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"4-Thio-2-deoxycytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-dCyd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TdCyd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0647434"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"134111-30-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771603"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771603"}]}}{"C971":{"preferredName":"4'-Iodo-4'-Deoxydoxorubicin","code":"C971","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer, and for primary systemic amyloidosis (a disease in which proteins are deposited in specific organs). It belongs to the family of drugs called anthracycline analogues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An iodinated doxorubicin analogue with antiamyloid activity. 4'-Iodo-4'-deoxydoxorubicin (IDOX) binds with high affinity to five types of natural amyloid fibrils including immunoglobulin light chains, amyloid A, transthyretin (methionine-30 variant), beta-protein (Alzheimer), and beta2-microglobulin. This agent may inhibit fibril growth, increasing the solubility of amyloid tissue deposits and facilitating their clearance. IDOX has also been shown to insulin amyloid fibrillogenesis in vitro.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-Deoxy-4'-Iododoxorubicin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Iodo-4'-Deoxydoxorubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"4'-Iodo-4'-Deoxydoxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDOX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IODODOXORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iodo-Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iododoxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iododoxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"378901"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0047758"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83997-75-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"65JH75I9JX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41162"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41162"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_4_Iodo-4_Deoxydoxorubicin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:47897"}]}}{"C153479":{"preferredName":"5-Aza-4'-thio-2'-deoxycytidine","code":"C153479","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, nucleoside analog and DNA methyltransferase I (DNMT1) inhibitor, with potential DNA hypomethylating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, 5-aza-4'-thio-2'-deoxycytidine (Aza-TdC) gets incorporated into DNA, where it binds to the active site of DNMT1, a maintenance methyltransferase that contributes to the hypermethylation and silencing of tumor suppressor genes. The formation of covalent DNMT1-DNA complexes inhibits DNMT1, prevents DNA methylation of CpG sites, causes CpG demethylation, and results in the re-expression and re-activation of silenced tumor suppressor genes. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation. DNMT1, overactivated in tumor cells, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-AZA-4'-THIO-2'-DEOXYCYTIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"5-Aza-4'-thio-2'-deoxycytidine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"5-Aza-4'-thio-2'-deoxycytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Aza-4-thio-2-deoxycytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Aza-TdCyd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aza-TdC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aza-TdCyd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"777586"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554978"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U2PTN0RZF6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794175"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794175"}]}}{"C62785":{"preferredName":"5-Fluoro-2-Deoxycytidine","code":"C62785","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It may prevent the growth of tumors by stopping cancer cells from dividing and by killing them. It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antimetabolite consisting of a fluorinated pyrimidine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. As a prodrug, 5-fluoro-2-deoxycytidine is converted by intracellular deaminases to the cytotoxic agent 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). 5-FU is subsequently metabolized to active metabolites including 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP). FdUMP binds to and inhibits thymidylate synthase, thereby reducing the production of thymidine monophosphate, which leads to depletion of thymidine triphosphate. This inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division. FUTP competes with uridine triphosphate for incorporation into the RNA strand thus leading to an inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis. Other fluorouracil metabolites also get incorporated into both DNA and RNA, thereby further hampering cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-FLUORO-2'-DEOXYCYTIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-2-Deoxycytidine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-2-Deoxycytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-fluoro-2-deoxycytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cytidine, 2'-deoxy-5-fluoro-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FdCyd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FdCyd","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Ro 5-1090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"48006"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0049174"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10356-76-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KUA4693H5W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"509184"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"509184"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H12FN3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_5-Fluoro-2-Deoxycytidine"}]}}{"C113787":{"preferredName":"6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatases Isoform 3 Inhibitor ACT-PFK-158","code":"C113787","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatases (PFK-2/FBPase) isoform 3 (PFKFB3) and derivative of 3-(3-pyridinyl)-1-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-one (3PO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PFKFB3 inhibitor PFK-158 binds to and inhibits the activity of PFKFB3, which leads to the inhibition of both the glycolytic pathway in and glucose uptake by cancer cells. This prevents the production of macromolecules and energy that causes the enhanced cellular proliferation in cancer cells as compared to that of normal, healthy cells. Depriving cancer cells of nutrients and energy leads to the inhibition of cancer cell growth. PFKFB3, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, is highly expressed and active in human cancer cells; it plays a key role in increasing both glycolytic flux in and proliferation of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatases Isoform 3 Inhibitor ACT-PFK-158","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACT-PFK-158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PFK-158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PFKFB3 Inhibitor PFK-158","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471768"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757225"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757225"}]}}{"C1611":{"preferredName":"7-Cyanoquinocarcinol","code":"C1611","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics. It is an anthracycline.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic analogue of the Streptomyces melanovinaceus-derived tetracyclic antitumor antibiotic quinocarmycin with potential antineoplastic activity. Quinocarmycin belongs to the naphthyridinomycin/saframycin class of antitumor antibiotics. These antibiotics appear to act through DNA alkylation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-DX 52-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"7-Cyanoquinocarcinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DX 52-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DX-52-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DX-52-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"607097"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0294165"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42444"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42444"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_7-Cyanoquinocarcinol"}]}}{"C61618":{"preferredName":"7-Ethyl-10-Hydroxycamptothecin","code":"C61618","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-ETHYL-10-HYDROXYCAMPTOTHECIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"7-Ethyl-10-Hydroxycamptothecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Ethyl-10-hydroxy-20(S)-camptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN 38","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN-38","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0142710"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"86639-52-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0H43101T0J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H20N2O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_7-Ethyl-10-Hydroxycamptothecin"}]}}{"C1271":{"preferredName":"7-Hydroxystaurosporine","code":"C1271","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called staurosporine analogues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of staurosporine with antineoplastic activity. 7-hydroxystaurosporine inhibits many phosphokinases, including the serine/threonine kinase AKT, calcium-dependent protein kinase C, and cyclin-dependent kinases. This agent arrests tumor cells in the G1/S of the cell cycle and prevents nucleotide excision repair by inhibiting the G2 checkpoint kinase chk1, resulting in apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-UCN-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2,3,9,10,11,12-Hexahydro-3-hydroxy-9-methoxy-8-methyl-10-(methylamino)-8,12-epoxy-1H,8H-2,7b,12a-triazadibenzo(a,g)cyclonona(cde)triinden-1-one","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"7-HYDROXYSTAUROSPORINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxy-staurosporine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxystaurosporine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxystaurosporine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxystaurosporine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"8,12-Epoxy-1H,8H-2,7b,12a-triazadibenzo[a, g]cyclonona[cde] Trinden-1-one, 2,3,9,10,11, 12-hexahydro-3-hydroxy-9-methoxy-8-methyl-10-(methylamino)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCN-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCN-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"UCN-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"638850"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077681"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"112953-11-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7BU5H4V94A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42305"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42305"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H26N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_7-Hydroxystaurosporine"}]}}{"C28788":{"preferredName":"8-Azaguanine","code":"C28788","definitions":[{"description":"A purine analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. 8-Azaguanine interferes with the modification of transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) by competing with guanine for incorporation into tRNA catalyzed by the enzyme tRNA-guanine ribosyltransferase (tRNA-guanine transglycosylase). Altered guanine modification of tRNA has been implicated in cellular differentiation and neoplastic transformation. 8-Azaguanine also inhibits the formation of 43S and 80S initiation complexes, thereby interfering with initiation of translation and inhibiting protein synthesis. This agent inhibits tumor cell growth and stimulates cell differentiation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Amino-1,4-dihydro-7H-1,2,3-triazolo(4,5-d)pyrimidin-7-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Amino-1H-v-triazolo(d)pyrimidin-7-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Amino-7-hydroxy-1H-v-triazolo(d)pyrimidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8 AG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-AZAGUANINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"8-Azaguanine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Guanazolo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pathocidin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SF-337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SK 1150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triazologuanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"749"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"223526"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004476"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"134-58-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q150359I72"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H4N6O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_8-Azaguanine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63486"}]}}{"C28789":{"preferredName":"9-Ethyl 6-Mercaptopurine","code":"C28789","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic alkyl derivative prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP). In vivo, 9-ethyl 6-mercaptopurine appears to be converted to 6-MP, which substitutes for the normal nucleoside and fraudulently incorporates into DNA and inhibits de novo purine synthesis, thereby inducing cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-Ethyl 6-MP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Ethyl 6-Mercaptopurine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"14575"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0626019"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5427-20-3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_9-Ethyl_6-Mercaptopurine"}]}}{"C28793":{"preferredName":"9H-Purine-6Thio-98D","code":"C28793","definitions":[{"description":"An antimetabolite analogue of purine with antineoplastic and immuno-suppressant properties. 9H-Purine-6Thio-98D substitutes for the normal nucleoside and fraudulently incorporates into DNA and inhibits de novo purine synthesis, thereby inducing cell death. In vivo, this agent, also known as 6MP-arabinoside, may occur as a metabolite of the antineoplastic agent mercaptopurine. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9H-Purine-6Thio-98D","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515473"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_9H-Purine-6Thio-98D"}]}}{"C26449":{"preferredName":"Abagovomab","code":"C26449","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG1 monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody, containing a variable antigen-binding region that functionally mimics the three-dimensional structure of a specific epitope on the ovarian cancer tumor-associated antigen CA-125, with potential antineoplastic activity. With a variable antigen-binding region that acts as a surrogate antigen for CA-125, abagovomab may stimulate the host immune system to elicit humoral and cellular immune responses against CA-125-positive tumor cells, resulting in inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABAGOVOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abagovomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Abagovomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody ACA125 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VaccinOvar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832044"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"792921-10-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3YK0326U7X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299488"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299488"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_ACA125_Anti-Idiotype_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2015":{"preferredName":"Abarelix","code":"C2015","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to reduce the amount of testosterone made in patients with advanced symptomatic prostate cancer for which no other treatment options are available. It belongs to the family of drugs called gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic decapeptide and antagonist of naturally occurring gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Abarelix directly and competitively binds to and blocks the gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor in the anterior pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting the secretion and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the release of testosterone. As a result, this may relieve symptoms associated with prostate hypertrophy or prostate cancer, since testosterone is required to sustain prostate growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABARELIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abarelix","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Abarelix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PPI-149","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plenaxis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Plenaxis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-3827","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"abarelix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1174732"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"183552-38-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Prostate Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W486SJ5824"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415570"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415570"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C72H95ClN14O14"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Abarelix"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:337298"}]}}{"C97660":{"preferredName":"Abemaciclib","code":"C97660","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that targets the CDK4 (cyclin D1) and CDK6 (cyclin D3) cell cycle pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Abemaciclib specifically inhibits CDK4 and 6, thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation in early G1. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, thereby arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase, suppressing DNA synthesis and inhibiting cancer cell growth. Overexpression of the serine/threonine kinases CDK4/6, as seen in certain types of cancer, causes cell cycle deregulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyrimidinamine, N-(5-((4-ethyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl)-2-pyridinyl)-5-fluoro-4-(4-fluoro-2-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABEMACICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abemaciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2835219","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2835219","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verzenio","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3852841"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1231929-97-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"60UAB198HK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"706364"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"706364"}]}}{"C162507":{"preferredName":"Abemaciclib Mesylate","code":"C162507","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt of abemaciclib, an orally available cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that targets the cyclin D1-CDK4 and cyclin D3-CDK6 cell cycle pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Abemaciclib specifically inhibits CDK4 and 6, thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation in early G1. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, thereby arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase, suppressing DNA synthesis and inhibiting cancer cell growth. Overexpression of the serine/threonine kinases CDK4/6, as seen in certain types of cancer, causes cell cycle deregulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABEMACICLIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abemaciclib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2835219 Methanesulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2835219 methanesulfonate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970947"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1231930-82-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KKT462Q807"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C68920":{"preferredName":"Abexinostat","code":"C68920","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It blocks enzymes needed for cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable hydroxamate-based pan-inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. Upon administration, abexinostat inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling; the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes; and the tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, abexinostat decreases the expression of the DNA-repair protein RAD51, thereby reducing the RAD51 protein, preventing repair of DNA double-strand breaks and increasing sensitivity of tumor cells to DNA damaging agents. HDAC, upregulated in many tumor types, is an enzyme that is responsible for the deacetylation of chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-benzofurancarboxamide, 3-((dimethylamino)methyl)-n-(2-(4-((hydroxyamino)carbonyl)phenoxy)ethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-((dimethylamino)methyl)-N-(2-(4-(hydroxycarbamoyl)phenoxy)ethyl)-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABEXINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abexinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Abexinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRA-024781","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRA-024781","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor PCI-24781","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCI-24781","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3537177"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"783355-60-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IYO470654U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"553625"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"553625"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H23N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HDAC_Inhibitor_CRA-024781"}]}}{"C160889":{"preferredName":"Abexinostat Tosylate","code":"C160889","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate salt form of abexinostat, an orally bioavailable hydroxamate-based pan-inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. Upon administration, abexinostat inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling; the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes; and the tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, abexinostat decreases the expression of the DNA-repair protein RAD51, thereby reducing the RAD51 protein, preventing repair of DNA double-strand breaks and increasing sensitivity of tumor cells to DNA damaging agents. HDAC, upregulated in many tumor types, is an enzyme that is responsible for the deacetylation of chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abexinostat Tosylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Abexinostat Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCI-24781 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969910"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"553625"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"553625"}]}}{"C77333":{"preferredName":"Abiraterone","code":"C77333","definitions":[{"description":"A steroidal compound with antiandrogen activity. Abiraterone inhibits the enzymatic activity of steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase (17alpha-hydrolase/C17,20 lyase complex; CYP17A1), a member of the cytochrome p450 family that catalyzes the 17alpha-hydroxylation of steroid intermediates involved in testosterone synthesis. Administration of this agent may suppress testosterone production by both the testes and the adrenals to castrate-range levels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-(3-Pyridyl)androsta-5,16-dien-3beta-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABIRATERONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abiraterone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Abiraterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB 7598","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0754011"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154229-19-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G819A456D0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H31NO"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Abiraterone"}]}}{"C68845":{"preferredName":"Abiraterone Acetate","code":"C68845","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of prostate cancer and breast cancer. It blocks tissues from making androgens (male hormones), such as testosterone. This may cause the death of cancer cells that need androgens to grow. It is a type of anti-androgen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active acetate ester form of the steroidal compound abiraterone with antiandrogen activity. Abiraterone inhibits the enzymatic activity of steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase (17alpha-hydrolase/C17,20 lyase complex), a member of the cytochrome p450 family that catalyzes the 17alpha-hydroxylation of steroid intermediates involved in testosterone synthesis. Administration of this agent may suppress testosterone production by both the testes and the adrenals to castrate-range levels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-(3-Pyridyl)-5,16-androstadien-3beta-acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABIRATERONE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abiraterone Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Abiraterone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androsta-5,16-dien-3-ol, 17-(3-pyridinyl)-, acetate (ester), (3beta)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB7630","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yonsa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zytiga","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"abiraterone acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2607886"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154229-18-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Castration-resistant prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EM5OCB9YJ6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"552704"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"552704"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H33NO2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Abiraterone_Acetate"}]}}{"C82422":{"preferredName":"Abituzumab","code":"C82422","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human alpha v integrin subunit with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Abituzumab, a chimeric antibody which includes the antigen binding sites of the anti-integrin mouse antibody 17E6, binds to and inhibits the activity of alphaVbeta3 integrin (vitronectin receptor); this may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and integrin-mediated tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in alphavbeta3-expressing tumor cells. AlphaVbeta3 integrin, a cell adhesion and signaling receptor, is expressed on the surface of tumor vessel endothelial cells and plays a crucial role in endothelial cell adhesion and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABITUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Abituzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Abituzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 525797","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830088"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1105038-73-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"724QD330RD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638087"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638087"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-alphaVbeta3_Monoclonal_Antibody_EMD_525797"}]}}{"C99901":{"preferredName":"Acai Berry Juice","code":"C99901","definitions":[{"description":"A juice product obtained from the fruit of the acai palm tree (Euterpe oleracea) with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and potential chemopreventive activities. Besides high amounts of vitamins, minerals and fatty acids, acai berry is rich in phytonutrients such as anthocyanins and flavones which are potent scavengers of reactive oxygen species. The fruit also contains high amounts of the flavone velutin which exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties. Velutin is able to inhibit the degradation of the inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB), thereby blocking the activation of NF-kB, as well as inhibiting phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 and JNK. Inhibition of these processes results in suppression of the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acai Berry Juice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acai Juice","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Açai Berry Juice","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Açai Juice","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433602"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724700"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724700"}]}}{"C113442":{"preferredName":"Acalabrutinib","code":"C113442","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, acalabrutinib inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in B lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACALABRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ACP-196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acalabrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acalabrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, 4-(8-Amino-3-((2S)-1-(1-oxo-2-butyn-1-yl)-2-pyrrolidinyl)imidazo(1,5-a)pyrazin-1-yl)-N-2-pyridinyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ACP-196","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calquence","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4078312"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1420477-60-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) who have received at least one prior therapy; with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I42748ELQW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756623"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756623"}]}}{"C103277":{"preferredName":"Acalisib","code":"C103277","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the beta and delta isoforms of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class IA phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Acalisib inhibits the activity of PI3K, thereby preventing the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), which decreases tumor cell proliferation and induces cell death. PI3K-mediated signaling is often dysregulated in cancer cells; the targeted inhibition of PI3K is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Fluoro-3-phenyl-2-((1S)-1-(7H-purin-6-ylamino)ethyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acalisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAL-120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-9820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438128"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"870281-34-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OVW60IDW1D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741949"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741949"}]}}{"C984":{"preferredName":"Aceglatone","code":"C984","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of D-glucaro-1, 4-lactone with chemopreventive and anti-tumor activities. One of the key processes in which human body eliminates toxic chemicals as well as hormones (such as estrogen) is by glucuronidation. When beta-glucuronidase deconjugates these glucuronides, it prolongs the stay of the hormone or toxic chemical in the body. Elevated beta-glucuronidase activity has been implicated to be associated with an increased risk for hormone-dependent cancers like breast, prostate, and colon cancers. Thereby, aceglatone may suppress the developments of hormone-dependent cancers mediated through beta-glucuronidase inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACEGLATONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aceglatone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucaron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0050406"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"642-83-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"347Q3OOJ13"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H10O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aceglatone"}]}}{"C200":{"preferredName":"Acetylcysteine","code":"C200","definitions":[{"description":"A drug usually used to reduce the thickness of mucus and ease its removal. It is also used to reverse the toxicity of high doses of acetaminophen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic N-acetyl derivative of the endogenous amino acid L-cysteine, a precursor of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione. Acetylcysteine regenerates liver stores of glutathione. This agent also reduces disulfide bonds in mucoproteins, resulting in liquification of mucus. Some evidence suggests that acetylcysteine may exert an anti-apoptotic effect due to its antioxidant activity, possibly preventing cancer cell development or growth. In addition, acetylcysteine has inhibited viral stimulation by reactive oxygen intermediates, thereby producing antiviral activity in HIV patients. 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It belongs to the family of drugs called retinoids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active metabolite of the synthetic aromatic retinoic acid agent etretinate with potential antineoplastic, chemopreventive, anti-psoratic, and embryotoxic properties. Acitretin activates nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RAR), resulting in induction of cell differentiation, inhibition of cell proliferation, and inhibition of tissue infiltration by inflammatory cells. This agent may also inhibit tumor angiogenesis. 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Acivicin inhibits glutamine amidotransferases in the purine and pyrimidine biosynthetic pathways, thereby inhibiting tumor growth in cell lines dependent on glutamine metabolism. 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Aclacinomycin B intercalates into DNA and inhibits both the topoisomerase I and II enzymes, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Naphthacenecarboxylic acid, 2-ethyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-2,5,7-trihydroxy-6,11-dioxo-4-((2,3,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-alpha-L-lyxo-hexapyranosyl)oxy)-, methyl ester,(1R-(1-alpha,2-beta,4-beta))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACLACINOMYCIN B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aclacinomycin B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aclacinomycin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Aclarubicin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibiotic MA 144B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"208735"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0889093"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57596-79-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P8EJD9HI5K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aclacinomycin_B"}]}}{"C202":{"preferredName":"Aclarubicin","code":"C202","definitions":[{"description":"An oligosaccharide anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces galilaeus. Aclarubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerases I and II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. Aclarubicin is antagonistic to other agents that inhibit topoisomerase II, such as etoposide, teniposide and amsacrine. This agent is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin and daunorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1R,2R,4S)-2-ethyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-2,5,7-trihydroxy-6,11-dioxo-4-[[2,3,6-trideoxy-4-O-[2,6-dideoxy-4-O-[(2R,trans)-tetrahydro-6-methyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-2-yl]-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl]-3-(dimethylamino)-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-1-naphthacenecarboxylic acid methyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-naphthacenecarboxylic acid, 2-ethyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-2,5, 7-trihydroxy-6,11-dioxo-4-[[2,3,6-trideoxy-4-O-[2,6-dideoxy-4-O-((2R-trans)-tetrahydro-6-methyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-2-yl) -alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl]-3-(dimethylamino)-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-, methyl ester,(1R-(1alpha,2beta,4beta))-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACLARUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ACM-A","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aclacinomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aclacinomycin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Aclacinomycin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aclacinomycin-A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aclarubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibiotic MA144-A1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MA144-A1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"240619"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"208734"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001143"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57576-44-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"74KXF8I502"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39131"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39131"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C42H53NO15"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aclarubicin"}]}}{"C988":{"preferredName":"Acodazole","code":"C988","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic imidazoquinoline with antineoplastic activity. Acodazole intercalates into DNA, resulting in disruption of DNA replication. Use of this agent has been associated with significant cardiotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline, acetamide deriv","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACODAZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acodazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acodazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"acetamide, N-methyl-N-[4-[(7-methyl-1H-imidazo[4, 5-f]quinolin-9-yl)amino]phenyl]-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0050565"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"79152-85-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8M28A9O41G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39786"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39786"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H19N5O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acodazole"}]}}{"C71627":{"preferredName":"Acodazole Hydrochloride","code":"C71627","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of acodazole, a synthetic imidazoquinoline with antineoplastic activity. Acodazole intercalates into DNA, resulting in disruption of DNA replication. Use of this agent has been associated with significant cardiotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACODAZOLE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acetamide, N-methyl-N-[4-[(7-methyl-1H-imidazo[4, 5-f]quinolin-9-yl)amino]phenyl]-, monohydrochloride (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Acodazole Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acetamide, N-methyl-N-[4-[(7-methyl-1H-imidazo[4, 5-f]quinolin-9-yl)amino]phenyl]-, monohydrochloride (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"305884"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0970589"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"55435-65-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6D7W9EAH22"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H19N5O.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acodazole_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C65213":{"preferredName":"Acolbifene Hydrochloride","code":"C65213","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the prevention of breast cancer in women at high risk of breast cancer. Acolbifene hydrochloride binds to estrogen receptors in the body and blocks the effects of estrogen in the breast. It is a type of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of acolbifene, a fourth-generation estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with potential lipid lowering and antineoplastic activity. Acolbifene specifically binds to estrogen receptors in responsive tissue, including liver, bone, breast, and endometrium. The resulting ligand-receptor complex is translocated to the nucleus where, depending on the tissue type, it promotes or suppresses the transcription of estrogen-regulated genes, thereby exerting its agonistic or antagonistic effects. Acolbifene acts as an estrogen antagonist in uterine and breast tissue, thereby blocking the effects of estrogen in these tissues. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in ER-positive tumor cells. This agent functions as an estrogen agonist in lipid metabolism, thereby decreasing total and LDL cholesterol levels. In bone, it decreases bone resorption and bone turnover and increases bone mineral density.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACOLBIFENE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acolbifene Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acolbifene Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acolbifene hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879543"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"252555-01-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KXC7811DBY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636416"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636416"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H31NO4.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acolbifene_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C203":{"preferredName":"Acridine","code":"C203","definitions":[{"description":"A polycyclic aromatic dye with antineoplastic, antimicrobial and imaging activities. Acridine and its derivatives intercalate within DNA and RNA by forming hydrogen-bonds and stacking between base pairs resulting in DNA crosslinks and strand breaks. In addition, acridine and its derivatives are a potent inhibitor of topoisomerase II enzyme. This results in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis, predominantly occurring during S phase of the cell cycle and ultimately leads to cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACRIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001186"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"42NI1P5Q1X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acridine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:36420"}]}}{"C2203":{"preferredName":"Acridine Carboxamide","code":"C2203","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tricyclic acridine-based (or carboxamide-based) drug with dual topoisomerase inhibitor and potential antineoplastic activities. Acridine carboxamide inhibits both topoisomerases I and II and intercalates into DNA, resulting in DNA damage, the disruption of DNA repair and replication, the inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis, and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACRIDINE CARBOXAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acridine Carboxamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"N-(2-(Dimehtylamino)ethyl)acridine-4-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN 22995","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XR5000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acridine carboxamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0919282"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0N3V8R4E13"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37776"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37776"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acridine_Carboxamide"}]}}{"C75297":{"preferredName":"Acronine","code":"C75297","definitions":[{"description":"A natural alkaloid with an acridine structure isolated from the bark of the plant Acronychia baueri (Australian scrub ash) with antineoplastic properties. Acronycine appears to alkylate DNA and interfere with DNA replication. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACRONINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acronine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acronycine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"11996885"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"403169"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001210"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7008-42-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QE0G097358"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H19NO3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acronine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2437"}]}}{"C82414":{"preferredName":"Actinium Ac 225 Lintuzumab","code":"C82414","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody lintuzumab conjugated to the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225 with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of actinium Ac 225 lintuzumab specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD33 antigen, delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to cells expressing CD33. CD33 is a cell surface antigen expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and overexpressed on myeloid leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"225Ac-HuM195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium (225Ac) Lintuzumab Satetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac 225 Lintuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium-225-Labeled Humanized Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody HuM195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LINTUZUMAB SATETRAXETAN AC-225","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SGN-33 AC-225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408677"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2209911-94-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V860J30J9N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637163"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637163"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Actinium_Ac_225_Lintuzumab"}]}}{"C158815":{"preferredName":"Actinium Ac 225-FPI-1434","code":"C158815","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody lintuzumab conjugated to the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225 with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of actinium Ac 225 lintuzumab specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD33 antigen, delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to cells expressing CD33. CD33 is a cell surface antigen expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and overexpressed on myeloid leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"225Ac-FPI-1434","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac 225-FPI-1397-FPI-1175","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac 225-FPI-1434","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac 225-FPI-1434","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac 225-labeled FPI-1434","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPX 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPX-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPX01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[225Ac]-FPI-1434","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[Ac-225]-FPI-1434","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL950887"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797340"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797340"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Actinium_Ac_225_Lintuzumab"}]}}{"C153159":{"preferredName":"Actinium Ac-225 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody J591","code":"C153159","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) labeled with the alpha particle-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac-225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, actinium Ac-225 anti-PSMA monoclonal antibody J591 binds to the extracellular domain of PSMA with high affinity, thereby delivering alpha radiation to PSMA expressing cells. PSMA, a type II membrane protein expressed in all types of prostatic tissues, is often overexpressed in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"225Ac-J591","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ac 225 MOAB J591","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ac 225 Monoclonal Antibody J591","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac-225 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody J591","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac-225 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody J591","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinium Ac-225 Anti-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Monoclonal Antibody J591","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554298"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793676"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793676"}]}}{"C95198":{"preferredName":"Actinomycin C2","code":"C95198","definitions":[{"description":"A natural analogue of actinomycin, a chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterial genus Streptomyces. Actinomycin C2 inhibits DNA replication as well as RNA and protein synthesis by various mechanisms including, intercalating into the minor groove of DNA and interfering with the function of topoisomerase II. In addition, actinomycin C2 appears to block the interaction between the SH2 domain of growth factor receptor-bound protein-2 (GRB2) and the Src homology 2 domain containing transforming protein 1 adaptor protein SHC, which plays a key role in the Ras signaling pathway thereby halting cellular differentiation and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTINOMYCIN C2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Actinomycin C2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin D, 2a-D-Alloisoleucine-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"10888331"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"87221"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0762401"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2612-14-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"719U3YSA1F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C63H88N12O16"}]}}{"C99564":{"preferredName":"Actinomycin C3","code":"C99564","definitions":[{"description":"A natural analogue of actinomycin, a chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterial genus Streptomyces. Actinomycin C3 inhibits DNA replication as well as RNA and protein synthesis by various mechanisms such as intercalating into the minor groove of DNA and interfering with the function of topoisomerase II.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2104-L-I","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACTINOMYCIN C3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AY 3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin AY1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin C3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin I3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin VII","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurathin-A3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"10888331"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"87221"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0604201"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6156-47-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6Z5DS38J6F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C64H90N12O16"}]}}{"C2844":{"preferredName":"Actinomycin F1","code":"C2844","definitions":[{"description":"A chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces chrysomallus. Actinomycin F1 intercalates into the minor groove of DNA and binds to topoisomerase II, leading to the inhibition of DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTINOMYCIN F1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Actinomycin F1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin KS4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KS4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515876"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1402-44-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D8HJS52NSZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Actinomycin_F1"}]}}{"C118625":{"preferredName":"Activin Type 2B Receptor Fc Fusion Protein STM 434","code":"C118625","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble fusion protein containing the extracellular domain of the activin receptor type 2B (ACVR2B or ActRIIB) fused to a human Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, STM 434 selectively binds to the growth factor activin A, thereby preventing its binding to and the activation of endogenous ActRIIB. This prevents activin A/ActRIIB-mediated signaling and inhibits the proliferation of activin A-overexpressing tumor cells. Activin A, a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in promoting cancer cell proliferation, migration, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Activin Inhibitor STM 434","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Activin Type 2B Receptor Fc Fusion Protein STM 434","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Activin Type 2B Receptor Fc Fusion Protein STM 434","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STM 434","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896763"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765514"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765514"}]}}{"C151941":{"preferredName":"Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate Prodrug ABI-1968","code":"C151941","definitions":[{"description":"A prodrug of an acyclic nucleoside phosphonate, with potential anti-viral and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, acyclic nucleoside phosphonate prodrug ABI-1968 is taken up by viral-infected cells and converted to its active metabolite. The metabolite is incorporated into DNA chains by DNA polymerases, which results in the termination of DNA synthesis, inhibits viral replication and induces apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation of susceptible virally-infected tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABI-1968","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABI1968","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate Prodrug ABI-1968","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HTI 1968","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553169"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793142"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793142"}]}}{"C143953":{"preferredName":"Ad-RTS-hIL-12","code":"C143953","definitions":[{"description":"An inducible adenoviral vector encoding human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12; IL12), which is under the transcriptional control of the RheoSwitch Therapeutic System (RTS) (Ad-RTS-hIL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. RTS consists of two fusion proteins: Gal4-EcR, which contains a modified ecdysone receptor (EcR) fused with the DNA binding domain of the yeast Gal4 transcription factor, and VP16-RXR, which contains a chimeric retinoid X receptor (RXR) fused with the transcription activation domain of the viral protein VP16 of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1). Upon intratumoral administration of Ad-RTS-hIL-12, given in combination with the proprietary, diacylhydrazine-based activator ligand veledimex (INXN-1001), veledimex binds specifically to the EcR part of the RTS and stabilizes heterodimerization between the two fusion proteins, forming an active transcription factor, which induces the transcription of IL-12 under the control of an inducible promoter containing Gal4-binding sites. The expressed IL-12 activates the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NK cells), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and inducing cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated responses against tumor cells, which may result in immune-mediated tumor cell lysis and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. In the presence of veledimex, the protein heterodimer changes to a stable conformation and can bind to the inducible promoter, while without veledimex the two fusion proteins form unstable heterodimers; this allows the controlled, regulated intratumoral expression of the IL-12 gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ad-RTS-hIL-12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ad-RTS-hIL-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoviral- RheoSwitch Therapeutic System-Human Interleukin 12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INXN 2001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INXN-2001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542155"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792151"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792151"}]}}{"C99766":{"preferredName":"Adagloxad Simolenin","code":"C99766","definitions":[{"description":"A carbohydrate-based immunostimulant comprised of the Globo H hexasaccharide 1 (Globo H) epitope linked to the immunostimulant carrier protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of adagloxad simolenin, the carbohydrate antigen Globo H may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against Globo H-expressing tumor cells, thereby decreasing tumor cell proliferation. Globo H is a tumor associated antigen (TAA) commonly found on a variety of tumor cells including breast cancer cells. KLH improves antigenic immune recognition and T-cell responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADAGLOXAD SIMOLENIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Adagloxad Simolenin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adagloxad Simolenin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI 822","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI-822","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI822","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433491"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1458687-85-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UCG949AA7Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724401"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724401"}]}}{"C91725":{"preferredName":"Adavosertib","code":"C91725","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase WEE1 with potential antineoplastic sensitizing activity. Adavosertib selectively targets and inhibits WEE1, a tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1, CDC2) to inactivate the CDC2/cyclin B complex. Inhibition of WEE1 activity prevents the phosphorylation of CDC2 and impairs the G2 DNA damage checkpoint. This may lead to apoptosis upon treatment with DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents. Unlike normal cells, most p53 deficient or mutated human cancers lack the G1 checkpoint as p53 is the key regulator of the G1 checkpoint and these cells rely on the G2 checkpoint for DNA repair to damaged cells. Annulment of the G2 checkpoint may therefore make p53 deficient tumor cells more vulnerable to antineoplastic agents and enhance their cytotoxic effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Allyl-1-(6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-6-((4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl)amino)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3(2H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADAVOSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AZD-1775","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD1775","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adavosertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adavosertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-1775","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK1775","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL791432"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"955365-80-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K2T6HJX3I3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594147"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594147"}]}}{"C82358":{"preferredName":"Adecatumumab","code":"C82358","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human IgG1 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) directed against the tumor associated antigen (TAA) epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) with potential antitumor activity. Adecatumumab binds to EpCAM, which may result in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) directed against EpCAM-expressing tumor cells. EpCAM (CD326), a cell surface protein upregulated on many tumor cell types, promotes the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of tumor cells; for some cancers, overexpression has been correlated with decreased survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADECATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Adecatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EpCAM Monoclonal Antibody MT201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1741817"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"503605-66-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"000705ZASD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640250"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640250"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adecatumumab"}]}}{"C148039":{"preferredName":"Imaradenant","code":"C148039","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, imaradenant selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This blocks tumor-released adenosine from interacting with A2AR and prevents the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-lymphocytes, and stimulates a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells. A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of T-cells and, upon activation by adenosine, inhibits T-cell proliferation and activation. Adenosine is often overproduced by cancer cells and plays a key role in immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A2AR Antagonist AZD4635","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-4635","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD4635","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist AZD4635","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HTL-1071","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMARADENANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imaradenant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imaradenant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545814"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1321514-06-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"770140J08A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794358"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794358"}]}}{"C142374":{"preferredName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist NIR178","code":"C142374","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable immune checkpoint inhibitor and antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist NIR178 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors, thereby blocking the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-lymphocytes, and stimulates a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells. A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of T-cells and, upon activation by adenosine, inhibits their proliferation and activation. Adenosine is often overproduced by cancer cells and plays a key role in immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A2AR Antagonist NIR178","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist NIR178","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist NIR178","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIR 178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540321"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793151"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793151"}]}}{"C157489":{"preferredName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist/Phosphodiesterase 10A PBF-999","code":"C157489","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A) and phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE-10A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2A/PDE-10A inhibitor PBF-999 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This blocks tumor-released adenosine from interacting with A2AR and prevents the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-lymphocytes and stimulates a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells. A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of T-cells and, upon activation by adenosine, inhibits T-cell proliferation and activation. Adenosine is often overproduced by cancer cells and plays a key role in immunosuppression. In addition, PBF-999 binds to and inhibits the activity of PDE-10A, thereby preventing the degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and activates cGMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase G (PKG) signaling. This induces beta-catenin degradation and thereby prevents the translocation of beta-catenin into the nucleus, and the beta-catenin-mediated induction of transcription of survival proteins, such as cyclin D1 and survivin. It also suppresses RAS/RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. This induces apoptosis and inhibits the growth of tumor cells in which PDE-10A is overexpressed. PDE-10A is a cGMP-degrading PDE isozyme that is highly expressed in the brain and overexpressed in certain types of tumor cells. Elevation of intracellular cGMP is known to inhibit tumor proliferation and induce apoptosis. cGMP levels are low in cancer cells resulting from the overexpression PDE-10A.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A2A/PDE-10A Inhibitor PBF-999","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist/Phosphodiesterase 10A PBF-999","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBF 999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBF-999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBF999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937074"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796763"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796763"}]}}{"C159564":{"preferredName":"Etrumadenant","code":"C159564","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antagonist of both the immunomodulatory checkpoint molecules adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A) and A2B receptor (A2BR; ADORA2B), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, etrumadenant competes with tumor-released adenosine for binding to A2AR and A2BR expressed on numerous intra-tumoral immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and T-lymphocytes. The binding of AB928 to A2AR and A2BR inhibits A2AR/A2BR activity and prevents adenosine-A2AR/A2BR-mediated signaling. A2AR/A2BR inhibition activates and enhances the proliferation of various immune cells, abrogates the adenosine-mediated immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and activates the immune system to exert anti-tumor immune responses against cancer cells, which leads to tumor cell killing. A2AR and A2BR, G protein-coupled signaling receptors, are expressed on the cell surfaces of numerous immune cells. Adenosine is often overproduced by tumor cells and plays a key role in immunosuppression and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A2AR/A2BR Antagonist AB928","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB 928","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-928","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-928","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AB928","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2A/A2B Receptor Antagonist AB928","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual A2AR/A2BR Antagonist AB928","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etrumadenant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etrumadenant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951401"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2239273-34-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W0ZE0NT8IF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797798"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797798"}]}}{"C148435":{"preferredName":"Adenosine A2B Receptor Antagonist PBF-1129","code":"C148435","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antagonist of the immunomodulatory checkpoint molecule adenosine A2B receptor (A2BR; ADORA2B), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2BR antagonist PBF-1129 competes with adenosine for binding to A2BR expressed on various cancer cell types and numerous immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), mast cells, macrophages and lymphocytes. This inhibits A2BR activity and prevents adenosine/A2BR-mediated signaling. The inhibition of A2BR in cancer cells prevents activation of downstream oncogenic pathways, which leads to an inhibition of cell proliferation and metastasis. A2BR inhibition also prevents the release of various growth factors, cytokines and chemokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) from immune cells, which may abrogate the adenosine-mediated immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and activate the immune system to exert anti-tumor immune responses against cancer cells leading to tumor cell killing. In addition, under non-cancerous inflammatory conditions, inhibition of A2BR leads to reduced activation and proliferation of various immune cells, which results in decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine production and may prevent inflammation. A2BR, a G protein-coupled signaling receptor, is expressed on the cell surfaces of numerous immune cells and is often overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types; it plays a key role in their proliferation, progression and metastasis. Adenosine is overproduced under inflammatory conditions and plays a key role in pro-inflammatory actions. Adenosine is often overproduced by tumor cells and plays a key role in immunosuppression and tumor cell proliferation. The pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of adenosine and A2BR are cell type-specific and dependent on the extracellular microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A2BR Antagonist PBF-1129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2B Receptor Antagonist PBF-1129","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2B Receptor Antagonist PBF-1129","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBF 1129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBF-1129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBF1129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550982"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793680"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793680"}]}}{"C106242":{"preferredName":"Adenovector-transduced AP1903-inducible MyD88/CD40-expressing Autologous PSMA-specific Prostate Cancer Vaccine BPX-201","code":"C106242","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically-modified, dendritic cell-based (DCs) vaccine in which the autologous cells are transduced with an adenoviral vector expressing the tumor antigen prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and a fusion protein composed of synthetic ligand inducible adjuvant iMC composed of a drug-inducible costimulatory CD40 receptor (iCD40) and the adaptor protein MyD88, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The iCD40 contains a membrane-localized cytoplasmic CD40 domain fused to the FK506 modified drug-binding protein 12 (FKBP12). Upon intradermal administration of BPX-201, these DCs accumulate in local draining lymph nodes. Twenty-four hours after vaccination, the dimerizing agent AP1903 is administered. AP1903 binds to the drug binding domain, leading to iMC oligomerization and activation of iCD40 and MyD88-mediated signaling in iMC-expressing DCs. This signaling pathway activates the DCs and stimulates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against host tumor cells that express PSMA. PSMA, a glycoprotein secreted by prostatic epithelial and ductal cells, is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells and is used as a tumor marker for both diagnosis and treatment evaluation. MyD88 is involved in interleukin 1 receptor (IL1R) and toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenovector-transduced AP1903-inducible MyD88/CD40-expressing Autologous PSMA-specific Prostate Cancer Vaccine BPX-201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenovector-transduced AP1903-inducible MyD88/CD40-expressing Autologous PSMA-specific Prostate Cancer Vaccine BPX-201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenovector-transduced AP1903-inducible iMC-expressing Autologous PSMA-specific Prostate Cancer Vaccine BPX-201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPX-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447413"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748904"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748904"}]}}{"C143034":{"preferredName":"Adenoviral Brachyury Vaccine ETBX-051","code":"C143034","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of a replication-defective, serotype 5 adenovirus (Ad5) with the viral genes early 1 (E1), early 2b (E2b), and early 3 (E3) deleted, and the human transcription factor brachyury encoded, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the adenoviral brachyury vaccine ETBX-051 expresses the brachyury protein. The expressed brachyury may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells expressing brachyury, thereby resulting in both immune-mediated inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. Deletion of the E1, E2b and E3 genes from Ad5 prevents anti-adenovirus immune responses. Brachyury, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and member of the T-box family of transcription factors, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor types. It plays an important role in cancer progression and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoviral Brachyury Vaccine ETBX-051","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenoviral Brachyury Vaccine ETBX-051","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETBX 051","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETBX-051","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541478"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791863"}]}}{"C156015":{"preferredName":"Adenoviral Cancer Vaccine PF-06936308","code":"C156015","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of a replication-defective E1-deleted adenovirus vector based on chimpanzee adenovirus serotype 68 (AdC68) expressing three not yet disclosed tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination with the adenoviral cancer vaccine PF-06936308, the adenovirus infects cells and expresses the TAAs. In turn, the TAAs activate the immune system to produce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cells expressing the TAAs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoviral Cancer Vaccine PF-06936308","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenoviral Cancer Vaccine PF-06936308","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06936308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06936308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF06936308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562758"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795350"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795350"}]}}{"C143035":{"preferredName":"Adenoviral MUC1 Vaccine ETBX-061","code":"C143035","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of a replication-defective, serotype 5 adenovirus (Ad5) with the viral genes early 1 (E1), early 2b (E2b), and early 3 (E3) deleted, and the human glycoprotein mucin 1 (MUC1) encoded, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the adenoviral MUC1 vaccine ETBX-061 expresses the MUC1 protein. The expressed MUC1 may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells expressing MUC1, thereby resulting in both immune-mediated inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. Deletion of the E1, E2b and E3 genes from Ad5 prevents anti-adenovirus immune responses. MUC1, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and type I transmembrane protein, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor types. It plays an important role in cancer progression and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoviral MUC1 Vaccine ETBX-061","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenoviral MUC1 Vaccine ETBX-061","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETBX 061","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETBX-061","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541479"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791864"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791864"}]}}{"C148142":{"preferredName":"Adenoviral PSA Vaccine ETBX-071","code":"C148142","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of a genetically engineered, replication-deficient adenovirus carrying the gene encoding human prostate-specific antigen (PSA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination with the adenoviral-PSA vaccine ETBX-071, the adenovirus infects cells and expresses PSA. In turn, PSA activates the immune system and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against PSA-expressing tumor cells. PSA, a tumor associated antigen (TAA), is expressed by prostate epithelial cells and is overexpressed in prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoviral PSA Prostate Cancer Vaccine ETBX-071","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoviral PSA Vaccine ETBX-071","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETBX-071","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550802"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795436"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795436"}]}}{"C101789":{"preferredName":"Adenoviral Transduced hIL-12-expressing Autologous Dendritic Cells INXN-3001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001","code":"C101789","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous dendritic cells tranduced with a replication incompetent adenovirus encoding human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) (INXN-3001) in combination with the proprietary orally bioavailable, small molecule activator ligand INXN-1001, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Production of IL-12 is controlled by an inducible DNA element that allows transcription initiation only in the presence of the ligand inducer INXN-1001. Upon intratumoral injection of INXN-3001 and subsequent oral administration of activator ligand, INXN-1001 is able to induce expression of IL-12 in INXN-3001. IL-12 expressed by the adenovirus may activate the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells, inducing the secretion of interferon-gamma and inducing a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against tumor cells, which may result in immune-mediated tumor cell death and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. As INXN-1001 regulates both the timing and the levels of IL-12 expression, IL-12 toxicity can be reduced.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoviral Transduced hIL-12-expressing Autologous Dendritic Cells INXN-3001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenoviral Transduced hIL-12-expressing Autologous Dendritic Cells INXN-3001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DC-RTS-IL-12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INXN-3001/1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435907"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733561"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733561"}]}}{"C162805":{"preferredName":"Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GAd-209-FSP","code":"C162805","definitions":[{"description":"An off-the-shelf neoantigen priming vaccine comprised of a great ape adenovirus (GAd) encoding tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs) derived from as of yet undisclosed frameshift peptides (FSPs) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of the adenoviral tumor-specific neoantigen priming vaccine GAd-209-FSP, the adenovirus infects cells and expresses the TSNAs. This stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the TSNAs, leading to tumor cell lysis. Adenoviral-TSNA priming vaccine GAd-209-FSP is followed by boosting with a vaccine that encodes the same target TSNAs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GAd-209-FSP","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GAd-209-FSP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GAd-209-FSP","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Great Ape Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GAd-209-FSP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973183"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799098"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799098"}]}}{"C156925":{"preferredName":"Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GRT-C901","code":"C156925","definitions":[{"description":"A personalized cancer vaccine comprised of a chimpanzee adenovirus vector (ChAdV) encoding twenty tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs) that have been identified through genetic sequencing of a patient's tumor cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of the adenoviral-TSNA priming vaccine GRT-C901, the adenovirus infects cells and expresses the TSNAs. This stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the TSNAs, leading to tumor cell lysis. Adenoviral-TSNA vaccine GRT-C901 is followed by monthly boosting with a self-amplifying mRNA (SAM) boosting vaccine that encodes the same 20 target TSNAs. The combined immunotherapy product, consisting of priming and boosting vaccines, is referred to as GRANITE-001.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoviral TSNA Priming Vaccine GRT-C901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GRT-C901","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GRT-C901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRT C901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRT-C901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRTC901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Priming Cancer Vaccine GRT-C901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935908"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796478"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796478"}]}}{"C131825":{"preferredName":"Adenovirus-expressing TLR5/TLR5 Agonist Nanoformulation M-VM3","code":"C131825","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation containing a recombinant non-replicating adenovirus (Ad) encoding toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) and its specific ligand protein 502S, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, the Ad preferentially and specifically infects cells expressing the Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR), which is highly expressed in certain human tumors, and expresses both TLR5 and a specific agonistic ligand in the same cell. 502S binds to and activates TLR5, thereby allowing for continuous TLR5 signaling. This stimulates dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes, macrophages and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) signaling cascade. This activation results in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferon alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and the interleukins (IL), IL-1 beta, -6 and -12. This may induce a T helper cell-1 (Th1) immune response and activate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor associated antigens (TAAs). TLR5, a member of the TLR family, plays a key role in the activation of innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenovirus-expressing TLR5/TLR5 Agonist Nanoformulation M-VM3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M-VM3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mobilan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1177020"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786108"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786108"}]}}{"C97959":{"preferredName":"Adenovirus-mediated Human Interleukin-12 INXN-2001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001","code":"C97959","definitions":[{"description":"A replication incompetent adenovirus encoding the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) (INXN-2001) in combination with the proprietary activator ligand INXN-1001, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Production of IL-12 is controlled by an inducible DNA element that allows transcription initiation only in the presence of the ligand inducer. Upon intratumoral administration of INXN-2001 and oral administration of INXN-1001, INXN-1001 is able to induce expression of IL-12 from INXN-2001. IL-12 expressed by the adenovirus may activate the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NKs), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma and inducing cytotoxic T cell responses against tumor cells, which may result in immune-mediated tumor cell death and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ad-RTS-IL-12 Plus AL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenovirus-mediated Human Interleukin-12 INXN-2001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenovirus-mediated Human Interleukin-12 INXN-2001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INXN-2001/1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZIN ATI-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430563"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710508"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710508"}]}}{"C76115":{"preferredName":"Aderbasib","code":"C76115","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the ADAM (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease) family of multifunctional membrane-bound proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Aderbasib represses the metalloproteinase \"\"sheddase\"\" activities of ADAM10 and ADAM17, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. The metalloproteinase domains of ADAMs cleave cell surface proteins at extracellular sites proximal to the cell membrane, releasing or \"\"shedding\"\" soluble protein etcodomains from the cell surface; the disintegrin domains of these multifunctional proteins interact with various components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). ADAM10 processes particular epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands and appears to regulate Notch signaling through the cleavage of Notch and its related ligand delta-like ligand-1 (Dll-1). ADAM17 (also known as Tumor necrosis factor-Converting Enzyme or TACE) is involved in processing tumor necrosis factor (TNF) from its membrane bound precursor to its soluble circulating form and in processing ligands for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Azaspiro(2.5)octane-5-carboxylic Acid, 7-((Hydroxyamino)carbonyl)-6-((4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl)-, Methyl Ester, (6S,7S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADERBASIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aderbasib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aderbasib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB007839","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB7839","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl (6S,7S)-7-(Hhydroxyamino)carbonyl)-6-((4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)carbonyl)-5-azaspiro(2.5)octane-5-carboxylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700364"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"791828-58-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V9YL6NEJ3G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633945"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633945"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H28N4O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sheddase_Inhibitor_INCB007839"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aderbasib"}]}}{"C53399":{"preferredName":"ADH-1","code":"C53399","definitions":[{"description":"A small, cyclic pentapeptide vascular-targeting agent with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. ADH-1 selectively and competitively binds to and blocks N-cadherin, which may result in disruption of tumor vasculature, inhibition of tumor cell growth, and the induction of tumor cell and endothelial cell apoptosis. N-cadherin, a cell- surface transmembrane glycoprotein of the cadherin superfamily of proteins involved in calcium-mediated cell-cell adhesion and signaling mechanisms; may be upregulated in some aggressive tumors and the endothelial cells and pericytes of some tumor blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADH-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ADH-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ADH-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exherin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706644"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B058ME29VU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462569"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462569"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ADH-1"}]}}{"C91719":{"preferredName":"AE37 Peptide/GM-CSF Vaccine","code":"C91719","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine containing HER2/Neu-derived epitope (amino acids 776-790) linked to li-Key peptide (li-Key/HER2/neu hybrid peptide or AE37), and combined with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential antineoplastic and immunoadjuvant activities. Upon vaccination, AE37 may activate the immune system and stimulate T-helper cells against HER2/Neu expressing cancer cells. GM-CSF may potentiate the immune response against cancer cells expressing the HER2/Neu antigen. The Ii-Key moiety, a 4-amino acid (LRMK) epitope from the MHC class II-associated invariant chain (Ii protein), increases T-helper cell stimulation against HER2/neu antigen when compared to unmodified class II epitopes. HER2/neu, a tumor associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and is highly immunogenic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AE-37 Peptide/GM-CSF Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AE37 Peptide/GM-CSF Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AE37 Peptide/GM-CSF Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376182"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564693"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564693"}]}}{"C48369":{"preferredName":"Multikinase Inhibitor AEE788","code":"C48369","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors and angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable multiple-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. AEE788 inhibits phosphorylation of the tyrosine kinases of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGF2), resulting in receptor inhibition, the inhibition of cellular proliferation, and induction of tumor cell and tumor-associated endothelial cell apoptosis. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEE 788","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"AEE-788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AEE-788","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AEE788","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor AEE788","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1506057"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"497839-62-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F9JLR95I3I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"371727"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"371727"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AEE788"}]}}{"C153133":{"preferredName":"Aerosol Gemcitabine","code":"C153133","definitions":[{"description":"An aerosol inhalation formulation containing gemcitabine (GCB), a broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon inhalation via a nebulizer, GCB is converted intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to its active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and triphosphate (dFdCDP, dFdCTP). dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis; dFdCTP competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and is incorporated into DNA, resulting in DNA strand termination and the induction of apoptosis of lung tumor cells. GCB administration directly into the lungs via aerosol yields higher concentrations of GCB locally than can be achieved by systemic GCB administration, potentially reducing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aerosol Gemcitabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aerosol Gemcitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aerosolized GCB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aerosolized Gemcitabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554390"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793934"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793934"}]}}{"C101794":{"preferredName":"Aerosolized Aldesleukin","code":"C101794","definitions":[{"description":"An aerosol formulation of aldesleukin, a recombinant form of interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon IL-2 inhalation, this cytokine activates lymphokine-activated killer cells and natural killer cells, and induces expression of cytotoxic cytokines, such as interferon-gamma and transforming growth factor-beta. This may eventually halt tumor cell growth. Localized administration of IL-2 may decrease toxicity and increase efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aerosolized Aldesleukin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aerosolized Aldesleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aerosolized Recombinant IL-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435912"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733682"}]}}{"C61071":{"preferredName":"Aerosolized Liposomal Rubitecan","code":"C61071","definitions":[{"description":"An aerosolized liposomal preparation of rubitecan, a water-insoluble derivative of camptothecin with potential antineoplastic activity. Rubitecan (or 9-nitro-20 (S)-camptothecin) and its active metabolite 9-aminocamptothecin (9-AC) selectively stabilize topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S-phase, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. This agent is formulated with dilauroylphosphatidylcholine and nebulized in particle sizes of 1.2-1.6 micrometer mass median aerodynamic diameter.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aerosolized Liposomal Rubitecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aerosolized liposomal 9-nitro-20(S)-camptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831773"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473242"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473242"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aerosolized_Liposomal_9-Nitrocamptothecin"}]}}{"C66940":{"preferredName":"Afatinib","code":"C66940","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable anilino-quinazoline derivative and inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB; EGFR) family, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, afatinib selectively and irreversibly binds to and inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptors 1 (ErbB1; EGFR), 2 (ErbB2; HER2), and 4 (ErbB4; HER4), and certain EGFR mutants, including those caused by EGFR exon 19 deletion mutations or exon 21 (L858R) mutations. This may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis in tumor cells overexpressing these RTKs. Additionally, afatinib inhibits the EGFR T790M gatekeeper mutation which is resistant to treatment with first-generation EGFR inhibitors. EGFR, HER2 and HER4 are RTKs that belong to the EGFR superfamily; they play major roles in both tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization and are overexpressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2e)-N-(4-(3-Chloro-4-Fluoroanilino)-7-(((3s)-Oxolan-3-yl)Oxy)Quinoxazolin-6-yl)-4-(Dimethylamino)But-2-Enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Afatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Afatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIBW 2992","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIBW2992","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987648"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"850140-72-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"41UD74L59M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H25ClFN5O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BIBW_2992"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:61390"}]}}{"C97273":{"preferredName":"Afatinib Dimaleate","code":"C97273","definitions":[{"description":"The dimaleate salt form of afatinib, an orally bioavailable anilino-quinazoline derivative and inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB; EGFR) family, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, afatinib selectively and irreversibly binds to and inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptors 1 (ErbB1; EGFR), 2 (ErbB2; HER2), and 4 (ErbB4; HER4), and certain EGFR mutants, including those caused by EGFR exon 19 deletion mutations or exon 21 (L858R) mutations. This may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis in tumor cells overexpressing these RTKs. Additionally, afatinib inhibits the EGFR T790M gatekeeper mutation which is resistant to treatment with first-generation EGFR inhibitors. EGFR, HER2 and HER4 are RTKs that belong to the EGFR superfamily; they play major roles in both tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization and are overexpressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-N-(4-((3-Chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino)-7-(((3S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)oxy)quinazolin- 6-yl)-4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enamide bis(hydrogen (2Z)-but-2-enedioate)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Butenamide, N-[4-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]7-[[(3S)-tetrahydro-3-furanyl]oxy]-6-quinazolinyl]-4-(dimethylamino)-,(2E)-, (2Z)-2-Butenedioate (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFATINIB DIMALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Afatinib Dimaleate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Afatinib Dimaleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIBW 2992MA2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIBW2992 MA2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gilotrif","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879772"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"850140-73-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have non-resistant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V1T5K7RZ0B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537572"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537572"}]}}{"C975":{"preferredName":"Afimoxifene","code":"C975","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the drug tamoxifen that is made by the body after taking tamoxifen. It can also be made in the laboratory, and may help decrease breast density. A topical form of 4-hydroxytamoxifen is being studied in breast cancer screening.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tamoxifen metabolite with both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects. Afimoxifene has a higher affinity for the estrogen receptor than tamoxifen, and functions as an antagonist in breast cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(1-(4-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)-2-phenylbut-1-enyl)phenol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Hydroxy-Tamoxifen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Hydroxytamoxifen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"4-Hydroxytamoxifen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-OHT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-hydroxytamoxifen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AFIMOXIFENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Afimoxifene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Afimoxifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347999"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"68392-35-8"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"68047-06-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"17197F0KYM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"371709"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"371709"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_4-Hydroxy-Tamoxifen"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:44616"}]}}{"C82390":{"preferredName":"Afuresertib","code":"C82390","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Afuresertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Thiophenecarboxamide, N-((1S)-2-amino-1-((3-fluorophenyl)methyl)ethyl)-5-chloro-4-(4-chloro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFURESERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Afuresertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Afuresertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2110183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3853882"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1047644-62-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8739X25QI3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642287"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642287"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Akt_Inhibitor_GSK2110183"}]}}{"C28580":{"preferredName":"Agatolimod Sodium","code":"C28580","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called biological response modifiers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tricosasodium salt of a synthetic 24-mer oligonucleotide containing 3 CpG motifs with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activity. Agatolimod selectively targets Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), thereby activating dendritic and B cells and stimulating cytotoxic T cell and antibody responses against tumor cells bearing tumor antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3'-5')d(P-thio)(T-C-G-T-C-G-T-T-T-T-G-T-C-G-T-T-T-T-G-T-C-G-T-T) Tricosasodium Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGATOLIMOD SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Agatolimod Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Agatolimod Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CpG 7909","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CpG 7909","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PF-3512676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-3512676","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ProMune","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ProMune","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"731581"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1436331"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"541547-35-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I4Z5C8FM6H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38660"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38660"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CpG_7909"}]}}{"C107245":{"preferredName":"Agerafenib","code":"C107245","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (B-raf) serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Agerafenib specifically and selectively inhibits the activity of the mutated form (V600E) of B-raf kinase. This inhibits the activation of the RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling pathway and may result in a decrease in the proliferation of tumor cells expressing the mutated B-raf gene. The Raf mutation BRAF V600E, in which valine is substituted for glutamic acid at residue 600, is frequently found in a variety of human tumors and results in the constitutive activation of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cellular proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(3-(6,7-Dimethoxyquinazolin-4-yloxy)phenyl)-3-(5-(1,1,1-trifluoro-2-methylpropan-2-yl)isoxazol-3-yl)urea Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC013773","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGERAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Agerafenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Agerafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-32496","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550786"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1188910-76-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"78I4VEX88N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750855"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750855"}]}}{"C73996":{"preferredName":"Aglatimagene Besadenovec","code":"C73996","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoviral vector engineered to express the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene, which, when administered in conjunction with a synthetic acyclic guanosine analogue, possesses potential antineoplastic activity. Aglatimagene besadenovec is transduced into tumor cells, sensitizing tumor cells that overexpress HSV-tk to synthetic acyclic guanosine analogues. Subsequently, a low dose of a synthetic acyclic guanosine analogue such as valacyclovir (VCV) or ganciclovir (GCV) is given, which may preferentially kill tumor cells containing the adenoviral vector and overexpressing HSV-tk. Release of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by dying tumor cells may then stimulate an antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADV-tk","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGLATIMAGENE BESADENOVEC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aglatimagene Besadenovec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aglatimagene Besadenovec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GliAtak","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ProstAtak","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Virafir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383459"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1621271-62-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5Z72SSS34W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581584"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581584"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenoviral_Vector_Encoding_HSV_Thymidine_Kinase"}]}}{"C121538":{"preferredName":"Mitazalimab","code":"C121538","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD40 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, mitazalimab binds to CD40 on antigen-presenting dendritic cells, which leads to the activation and proliferation of effector and memory T-cells, and enhances the immune response against tumor cells. In addition, this agent binds to the CD40 antigen present on the surfaces of tumor cells, which induces antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC). This eventually inhibits the proliferation of CD40-expressing tumor cells. CD40, a stimulatory receptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on various immune cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells and various tumor cell types; it plays a key role in the activation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC 1013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC-1013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC1013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 7107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-64457107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MITAZALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitazalimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mitazalimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053684"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2055640-86-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q9J81E7VFM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770043"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770043"}]}}{"C129967":{"preferredName":"Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01949","code":"C129967","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, agonistic anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody INCAGN01949 selectively binds to and activates OX40 on activated T-cells, thereby potentiating T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. OX40 activation inhibits regulatory T-cell (Treg)-mediated suppression of effector T-cells, induces the proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and modulates cytokine production. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response against the TAA-expressing tumor cells. In addition, the IgG1 Fc region of INCAGN01949 binds to and co-engages with the IgG Fc-gamma receptor III (FcgammaRIII; CD16) expressed by immune effector cells; thus, binding activates FcgammaRIII-mediated signaling and facilitates the selective depletion of intratumoral Tregs, thereby further enhancing the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated tumor cell response. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells; OX40 stimulation abrogates the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01949","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01949","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Agonist Antibody INCAGN01949","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN0194","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN 1949","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN-1949","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN1949","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01949","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCAGN01949","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512862"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785256"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785256"}]}}{"C117293":{"preferredName":"Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI6469","code":"C117293","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic monoclonal antibody against the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody MEDI6469 selectively binds to and activates OX40. OX40 activation induces proliferation of effector T-lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response against the TAA-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Agonistic Anti-CD134 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI6469","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI6469","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-6469","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MEDI6469","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474118"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AKV2GM43DD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763664"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763664"}]}}{"C156414":{"preferredName":"AKR1C3-activated Prodrug OBI-3424","code":"C156414","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule nitro-benzene, aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3)-activated prodrug of N,N'-bisethylenephosphoramidate, a DNA bis-alkylating agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, AKR1C3-activated prodrug OBI-3424 is converted to its active form by AKR1C3, which is upregulated in certain tumor cell types while not expressed in normal healthy cells. The active metabolite selectively binds to and alkylates DNA in AKR1C3-overexpressing tumor cells, resulting in DNA base pair mismatching, interstrand crosslinking and inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. As the expression of AKR1C3 is restricted to tumors, OBI-3424 is selectively converted to its active metabolite in tumor cells only while its conversion in normal, healthy tissue is absent; this allows for an increased cytotoxic effect of the alkylating agent in tumor cells while decreasing its toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AKR1C3-activated Prodrug OBI-3424","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AKR1C3-activated Prodrug OBI-3424","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AKR1C3-activated Prodrug TH-3424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aldo-keto Reductase 1c3-activated Prodrug OBI-3424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI 3424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI-3424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI3424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TH 3424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TH-3424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TH3424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563114"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795700"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795700"}]}}{"C111575":{"preferredName":"AKT 1/2 Inhibitor BAY1125976","code":"C111575","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B) isoforms 1 and 2 (AKT1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. AKT1/2 inhibitor BAY1125976 selectively binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation and activity of AKT1/2 in a non-ATP competitive manner, which may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. This may lead to both the reduction of cell proliferation and the induction of cell apoptosis in AKT-overexpressing tumor cells. The AKT signaling pathway is often deregulated in cancer and is associated with tumor cell proliferation, survival and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AKT 1/2 Inhibitor BAY1125976","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AKT 1/2 Inhibitor BAY1125976","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1125976","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL453983"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752318"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752318"}]}}{"C99172":{"preferredName":"Miransertib","code":"C99172","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Miransertib binds to and inhibits the activity of AKT in a non-ATP competitive manner, which may result in the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This may lead to the reduction in tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The AKT signaling pathway is often deregulated in cancer and is associated with tumor cell proliferation, survival and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyridinamine, 3-(3-(4-(1-Aminocyclobutyl)phenyl)-5-phenyl-3H-imidazo(4,5-b)pyridin-2-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ 092","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIRANSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Miransertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10490","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274586"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1313881-70-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T1DQI1B52Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717768"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717768"}]}}{"C95737":{"preferredName":"Akt Inhibitor LY2780301","code":"C95737","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Akt inhibitor LY2780301 binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thereby leading to inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Akt Inhibitor LY2780301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2780301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421578"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673505"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673505"}]}}{"C90581":{"preferredName":"Akt Inhibitor MK2206","code":"C90581","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable allosteric inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Akt inhibitor MK2206 binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt in a non-ATP competitive manner, which may result in the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable allosteric inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Akt inhibitor MK2206 binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt in a non-ATP competitive manner, which may result in the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,4-Triazolo(3,4-f)(1,6)naphthyridin-3(2H)-one, 8-(4-(1-aminocyclobutyl)phenyl)-9-phenyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Akt Inhibitor MK2206","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Akt Inhibitor MK2206","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Akt inhibitor MK2206","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MK 2206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-2206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-2206 FREE BASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MK2206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK2206","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2933427"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1032349-93-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"51HZG6MP1K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596332"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596332"}]}}{"C85448":{"preferredName":"Akt Inhibitor SR13668","code":"C85448","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable indole-3-carbinol (I3C) analogue inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Akt inhibitor SR13668 binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Akt Inhibitor SR13668","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Akt Inhibitor SR13668","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRI13668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412317"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642606"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642606"}]}}{"C113792":{"preferredName":"Akt/ERK Inhibitor ONC201","code":"C113792","definitions":[{"description":"A water soluble, orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Akt/ERK inhibitor ONC201 binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt and ERK, which may result in inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signal transduction pathway as well as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated pathway. This may lead to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis mediated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)/TRAIL death receptor type 5 (DR5) signaling in AKT/ERK-overexpressing tumor cells. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and MAPK/ERK pathway are upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and play a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival by inhibiting apoptosis. In addition, ONC201 is able to cross the blood-brain barrier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Akt/ERK Inhibitor ONC201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONC201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIC10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3710983"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757339"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757339"}]}}{"C61438":{"preferredName":"Alacizumab Pegol","code":"C61438","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated, cross-linked, humanized divalent-Fab' antibody fragment directed against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) with potential antiangiogenic and antitumor activities. Alacizumab pegol binds to and inhibits VEGFR-2, which may inhibit angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Multivalent Fab' antibody fragments may exhibit improved retention and internalization properties compared to their parent IgGs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALACIZUMAB PEGOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alacizumab Pegol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDP-791","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831765"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"934216-54-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZL9780F883"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"472077"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"472077"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pegylated_Anti-GRF_Antibody_Fragment"}]}}{"C994":{"preferredName":"Alanosine","code":"C994","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An amino acid analogue and antibiotic derived from the bacterium Streptomyces alanosinicus with antimetabolite and potential antineoplastic activities. L-alanosine inhibits adenylosuccinate synthetase, which converts inosine monophospate (IMP) into adenylosuccinate, an intermediate in purine metabolism. L-alanosine-induced disruption of de novo purine biosynthesis is potentiated by methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) deficiency. The clinical use of this agent may be limited by its toxicity profile. MTAP is a key enzyme in the adenine and methionine salvage pathways.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(Hydroxynitrosoamino)-L-alanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALANOSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ALANOSINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Alanosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alanosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-2-Amino-3-(hydroxynitrosoamino)propionic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-2-Amino-3-[(N-nitroso)hydroxylamino]propionic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-2-Amino-3-[(N-nitroso)hydroxylamino]propionic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Alanosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Alanosine Sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SDX-102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"alanosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"529469"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0051066"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5854-93-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2CNI71214Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39138"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39138"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C3H7N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"L-Alanosine"}]}}{"C131607":{"preferredName":"Albumin-binding Cisplatin Prodrug BTP-114","code":"C131607","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, albumin-binding platinum (Pt)-based complex containing a prodrug form of the platinum compound cisplatin and a maleimide moiety, with an ability to strongly and selectively bind human serum albumin (HSA), and with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the maleimide group of BTP-114 rapidly conjugates with HSA in the bloodstream; this prolongs the blood circulation, enhances the half-life, and alters the biodistribution of BTP-114, as compared to cisplatin alone. Thus, BTP-114 demonstrates enhanced extravasation to the tumor, an increased accumulation in the tumor tissue and enhanced uptake by cancer cells. The prodrug form is reduced in the hypoxic tumor cell environment, which releases the highly cytotoxic active metabolite cisplatin. Once inside the tumor cell, cisplatin binds to nucleophilic groups, such as GC-rich sites, in DNA and induces intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, resulting in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Compared to cisplatin alone, BTP-114 has improved selectivity towards tumor tissue, thereby enhancing efficacy while reducing systemic toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Albumin-binding Cisplatin Prodrug BTP-114","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Albumin-binding Cisplatin Prodrug BTP-114","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Albumin-conjugating Platinum-prodrug BTP-114","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTP 114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTP-114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin Prodrug BTP-114","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin/Maleimide-based Complex BTP-114","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum-Prodrug BTP-114","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prodrug BTP 114","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514482"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786268"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786268"}]}}{"C1498":{"preferredName":"Aldesleukin","code":"C1498","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat some types of cancer. It is a form of interleukin-2, a cytokine made by leukocytes (white blood cells), that is made in the laboratory. Aldesleukin increases the activity and growth of white blood cells called T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes. It is a type of biological response modifier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant analog of the endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) with immunoregulatory and antineoplastic activities. Aldesleukin binds to and activates the IL-2 receptor, followed by heterodimerization of the cytoplasmic domains of the IL-2R beta and gamma(c) chains; activation of the tyrosine kinase Jak3; and phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the IL-2R beta chain, resulting in an activated receptor complex. Various cytoplasmic signaling molecules are recruited to the activated receptor complex and become substrates for regulatory enzymes that are associated with the receptor complex. This agent enhances lymphocyte mitogenesis; stimulates long-term growth of human IL-2 dependent cell lines; enhances lymphocyte cytotoxicity; induces lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell and natural killer (NK) cell activities; and induces expression of interferon-gamma. Aldesleukin may induce T cell-mediated tumor regression in some tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"125-L-Serine-2-133-interleukin 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALDESLEUKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aldesleukin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aldesleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proleukin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human IL-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aldesleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"r-serHuIL-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"recombinant human interleukin-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0218986"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"110942-02-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M89N0Q7EQR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39756"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39756"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aldesleukin"}]}}{"C68921":{"preferredName":"Aldoxorubicin","code":"C68921","definitions":[{"description":"A 6-maleimidocaproyl hydrazone derivative prodrug of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin (DOXO-EMCH) with antineoplastic activity. Following intravenous administration, aldoxorubicin binds selectively to the cysteine-34 position of albumin via its maleimide moiety. Doxorubicin is released from the albumin carrier after cleavage of the acid-sensitive hydrazone linker within the acidic environment of tumors and, once located intracellularly, intercalates DNA, inhibits DNA synthesis, and induces apoptosis. Albumin tends to accumulate in solid tumors as a result of high metabolic turnover, rapid angiogenesis, hypervasculature, and impaired lymphatic drainage. Because of passive accumulation within tumors, this agent may improve the therapeutic effects of doxorubicin while minimizing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALDOXORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aldoxorubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aldoxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOXO-EMCH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-EMCH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INNO-206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3495619"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1361644-26-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C28MV4IM0B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"552648"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"552648"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Doxorubicin_Prodrug_INNO-206"}]}}{"C101790":{"preferredName":"Alectinib","code":"C101790","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, alectinib binds to and inhibits ALK kinase, ALK fusion proteins as well as the gatekeeper mutation ALKL1196M known as one of the mechanisms of acquired resistance to small-molecule kinase inhibitors. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5H-benzo(b)carbazole-3-carbonitrile, 9-Ethyl-6,11-dihydro-6,6-dimethyl-8-(4-(4-morpholinyl)-1-piperidinyl)-11-oxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AF-802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AF802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALECTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alecensa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alecensa","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alectinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alectinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CH5424802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5424802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3853921"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1256580-46-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LIJ4CT1Z3Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733572"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733572"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:62268"}]}}{"C65220":{"preferredName":"Alefacept","code":"C65220","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat certain skin conditions and is being studied in the treatment of cutaneous (skin-related) T-cell cancer and T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Alefacept is made by combining part of an antibody with a protein that blocks the growth some types of T cells. It is a type of fusion protein and a type of immunosuppressant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant dimeric fusion protein consisting of the extracellular CD2-binding domain of the human leukocyte function-associated antigen 3 (LFA-3; CD58) linked to the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) with potential immunosuppressive activity. Alefacept binds to the CD2 receptor expressed on the majority of T lymphocytes, blocking the binding of endogenous LFA-3, located on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), to the CD2 receptor; the activation and proliferation of T lymphocytes in response to LFA-3 binding is thus inhibited. In addition, binding of the IgG1 moiety of this agent to the Fc gamma receptor on the surface of natural killer (NK)cells may bridge NK cells and target T lymphocytes, initiating NK cell-mediated apoptosis of T lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALEFACEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alefacept","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alefacept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amevive","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amevive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LFA3TIP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alefacept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0962603"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"222535-22-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ELK3V90G6C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531798"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531798"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alefacept"}]}}{"C1681":{"preferredName":"Alemtuzumab","code":"C1681","definitions":[{"description":"A type of monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of leukemia. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant DNA-derived humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein, CD52. Alemtuzumab is an IgG1 kappa with human variable framework and constant regions, and complementarity-determining regions derived from a rat monoclonal antibody. This agent selectively binds to CD52, thereby triggering a host immune response that results in lysis of CD52 + cells. CD52 is a glycoprotein expressed on the surface of essentially all normal and malignant B and T cells, a majority of monocytes, macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells, a subpopulation of granulocytes, and tissues of the male reproductive system. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALEMTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alemtuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alemtuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD52 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Campath","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Campath-1H","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Campath-1H","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDP-03","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lemtrada","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MabCampath","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Campath-1H","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alemtuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"715969"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0383429"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"216503-57-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3A189DH42V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37783"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37783"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alemtuzumab"}]}}{"C77370":{"preferredName":"Alestramustine","code":"C77370","definitions":[{"description":"The l-alanine ester form of estramustine, a combination of the nitrogen mustard normustine coupled via a carbamate to estradiol, with antineoplastic activity. Upon conversion of alestramustine to estramustine, estramustine binds to microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and beta tubulin, thereby interfering with microtubule dynamics and leading to microtubule disassembly and cell cyle arrest. Due to the estrogen moiety, this agent is able to selectively bind to and be taken up by estrogen receptor-positive cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALESTRAMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alestramustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2697985"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"139402-18-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"81U8A51CHK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H36Cl2N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alestramustine"}]}}{"C133719":{"preferredName":"Alflutinib Mesylate","code":"C133719","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt form of alflutinib, an orally available selective inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, alflutinib specifically binds to and inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation. This prevents EGFR T790M-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, alflutinib may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALFLUTINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ASK120067","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AST 2818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AST2818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alflutinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520357"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q09ZKD19V0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788215"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788215"}]}}{"C61082":{"preferredName":"Algenpantucel-L","code":"C61082","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of irradiated allogeneic pancreatic cancer cells transfected to express murine alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase with potential antitumor activity. Vaccination is associated with the expression of murine alpha-1,3-galactosyl (alpha-gal) carbohydrate residues on cell membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids of the vaccine pancreatic cancer cell allograft; murine alpha-gal epitopes, not present on human cells, then induce a hyperacute rejection of the vaccine pancreatic cancer cell allograft. The hyperacute rejection involves the binding of pre-existing human anti-alpha-gal antibodies (which naturally occur against gut flora) to murine alpha-gal epitopes, resulting in the rapid activation of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) towards allograft cells. The host immune system then attacks endogenous pancreatic cancer cells, resulting in ADCC towards endogenous pancreatic cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALGENPANTUCEL-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Algenpantucel-L","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Algenpantucel-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha (1,3) Galactosyltransferase Tumor Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-1,3-Galactosyltransferase-expressing Allogeneic Pancreatic Tumor Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HAPa","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HyperAcute-Pancreas Immunotherapy","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hyperacute Pancreatic Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831790"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I6HAD3HP89"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"475734"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"475734"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alpha-Gal_Pancreatic_Cancer_Vaccine"}]}}{"C71717":{"preferredName":"Alisertib","code":"C71717","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation, orally bioavailable, highly selective small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Aurora A kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Alisertib binds to and inhibits Aurora A kinase, which may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and inhibition of cell proliferation. Aurora A kinase localizes to the spindle poles and to spindle microtubules during mitosis, and is thought to regulate spindle assembly. Aberrant expression of Aurora kinases occurs in a wide variety of cancers, including colon and breast cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALISERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alisertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alisertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor MLN8237","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzoic Acid, 4-((9-Chloro-7-(2-Fluoro-6-Methoxyphenyl)-5H-Pyrimido(5,4-d)(2)Benzazepin-2-yl)Amino)-2-Methoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN-8237","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN8237","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346875"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1028486-01-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T66ES73M18"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561286"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561286"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H20ClFN4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aurora_A_Kinase_Inhibitor_MLN8237"}]}}{"C1574":{"preferredName":"Alitretinoin","code":"C1574","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied for cancer prevention. It belongs to the family of drugs called retinoids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally- and topically-active naturally-occurring retinoic acid with antineoplastic, chemopreventive, teratogenic, and embryotoxic activities. Alitretinoin binds to and activates nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and retinoid X receptors (RXR); these activated receptors act as transcription factors, regulating gene expression that results in the inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell differentiation, and apoptosis of both normal cells and tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)2-trans-4-trans-6-cis-8-trans-nonatetraenoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Cis-Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"9-cRA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-cis Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-cis retinoic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"9-cis-RA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-cis-Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALITRETINOIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ALRT1057","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alitretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Alitretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGD1057","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panretin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panretyn","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panrexin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinoicacid-9-cis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"659772"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281666"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5300-03-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Topical treatment of cutaneous lesions in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1UA8E65KDZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42147"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42147"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H28O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alitretinoin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50648"}]}}{"C141136":{"preferredName":"ALK Inhibitor","code":"C141136","definitions":[{"description":"Any agent that inhibits the activity of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539186"}]}}{"C116727":{"preferredName":"ALK Inhibitor ASP3026","code":"C116727","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ASP3026 binds to and inhibits ALK tyrosine kinase, ALK fusion proteins and ALK point mutation variants. Inhibition of ALK leads to the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK-expressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK is not expressed in healthy adult human tissue but ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. Additionally, ALK mutations are associated with acquired resistance to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor ASP3026","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor ASP3026","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-3026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP3026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2-[2-Methoxy-4-[4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-piperidinyl]phenyl]-N4-[2-[(1-methylethyl)sulfonyl]phenyl]-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896911"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1097917-15-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694592"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694592"}]}}{"C148533":{"preferredName":"ALK Inhibitor PLB 1003","code":"C148533","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PLB1003 selectively binds to and inhibits wild-type ALK, ALK fusion proteins and ALK point mutation variants. Inhibition of ALK leads to the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-expressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK is not expressed in healthy adult human tissue but ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. ALK mutations are associated with acquired resistance to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor PLB 1003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLB 1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLB-1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLB1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551132"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792707"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792707"}]}}{"C105615":{"preferredName":"ALK Inhibitor RO5424802","code":"C105615","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALK inhibitor RO5424802 binds to and inhibits ALK kinase, which leads to a disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. Additionally, ALK mutations are associated with acquired resistance to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor RO5424802","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor RO5424802","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5424802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446452"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747398"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747398"}]}}{"C154279":{"preferredName":"ALK Inhibitor WX-0593","code":"C154279","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, WX-0593 binds to and inhibits ALK tyrosine kinase, ALK fusion proteins, ALK point mutation variants ALK L1196M, ALK C1156Y, and EGFR L858R/T790M. Inhibition of ALK leads to the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK-expressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK is not expressed in healthy adult human tissue but ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. Additionally, ALK mutations are associated with acquired resistance to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor WX-0593","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FL 006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FL-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FL006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX 0593","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX-0593","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX0593","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555276"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794180"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794180"}]}}{"C156729":{"preferredName":"Itacnosertib","code":"C156729","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of activin A receptor type 1 (activin receptor-like kinase 2; ALK2; ALK-2; ACRV1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration,itacnosertib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK-2. This prevents ALK-2-mediated signaling and inhibits cell growth in ALK-2-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, in cancer and inflammatory conditions, ALK-2 is upregulated in response to increased signaling of pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially interleukin-6 (IL-6), and enhances the secretion of hepcidin, a peptide liver hormone and a key modulator of iron homeostasis. Blocking ALK-2-mediated pathways in inflammation and cancer leads to a decrease of hepcidin expression and restores plasma iron levels, thereby preventing low serum iron levels and anemia of chronic disease (ACD). ALK-2, a serine/threonine receptor kinase, is constitutively activated due to activating mutations or upregulated upstream signaling pathways in inflammatory conditions and certain types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACVR1 Inhibitor TP-0184","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALK-2 Inhibitor TP-0184","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALK2 Inhibitor TP-0184","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ITACNOSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Itacnosertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Itacnosertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP 0184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP-0184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP0184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935854"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1628870-27-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"22Z53X5LHF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795585"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795585"}]}}{"C111685":{"preferredName":"ALK-FAK Inhibitor CEP-37440","code":"C111685","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available dual kinase inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALK-FAK inhibitor CEP-37440 selectively binds to and inhibits ALK kinase and FAK kinase. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK- and FAK-mediated signal transduction pathways and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK- and FAK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development; its dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a variety of tumors. The cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase FAK, a signal transducer for integrins, is upregulated and constitutively activated in various tumor types; it plays a key role in tumor cell migration, proliferation, survival, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK-FAK Inhibitor CEP-37440","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ALK-FAK Inhibitor CEP-37440","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-37440","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-37440","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454076"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O3MNS8782H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752740"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752740"}]}}{"C148513":{"preferredName":"ALK/c-Met Inhibitor TQ-B3139","code":"C148513","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, TQ-B3139 binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK and c-Met, which leads to the disruption of ALK- and c-Met-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK- and c-Met-expressing tumor cells. ALK and c-Met, overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK/c-Met Inhibitor TQ-B3139","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQ B3139","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQ-B3139","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551150"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792652"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792652"}]}}{"C126648":{"preferredName":"ALK/FAK/Pyk2 Inhibitor CT-707","code":"C126648","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALK/FAK/Pyk2 inhibitor CT-707 selectively binds to and inhibits ALK , FAK and Pyk2. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK- , FAK- and Pyk2-mediated signal transduction pathways and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-, FAK- and Pyk2-overexpressing tumor cells. Expression of these tyrosine kinases is dysregulated in various tumor types; they play a key role in tumor cell migration, proliferation, survival, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK/FAK/Pyk2 Inhibitor CT-707","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT 707","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-707","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503764"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779790"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779790"}]}}{"C114287":{"preferredName":"ALK/TRK Inhibitor TSR-011","code":"C114287","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of both the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and the tropomyosin-related kinases (TRK) TRKA, TRKB, and TRKC, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALK/TRK inhibitor TSR-011 binds to and inhibits both ALK and TRK kinases. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK- and TRK-mediated signaling and impedes tumor cell growth in ALK/TRK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development; ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. TRK, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK/TRK Inhibitor TSR-011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSR-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471796"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757983"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757983"}]}}{"C165556":{"preferredName":"Alkotinib","code":"C165556","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of multiple kinases, including the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, alkotinib binds to and inhibits the wild-type, point mutations and fusion proteins of ALK and ROS1. Inhibition of these kinases leads to the disruption of downstream signaling pathways and the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells which these kinases are overexpressed, rearranged or mutated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alkotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZG 0418","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZG-0418","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZG0418","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978663"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799671"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799671"}]}}{"C123911":{"preferredName":"Allodepleted T Cell Immunotherapeutic ATIR101","code":"C123911","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based immunotherapeutic product containing T-lymphocyte-enriched leukocytes that are devoid of alloreactive T-lymphocytes, that can potentially be used to restore lymphocyte levels after stem cell transplantations and are derived from partially matched (haploidentical) family donors for blood cancer patients who do not have a matching stem cell donor available. Host alloreactive T-cells, which can cause graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), are eliminated from the donor lymphocytes ex vivo using photodynamic therapy. After allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), allodepleted T cell immunotherapeutic ATIR101 is administered. This maintains a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells and the donor T-cells can prevent opportunistic infections. ATIR101 does not cause severe, acute GVHD. In addition, administration of ATIR101 eliminates the need for immunosuppressants.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATIR101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allodepleted T Cell Immunotherapeutic ATIR101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allodepleted T Cell Immunotherapeutic ATIR101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allodepleted T-cell ImmunotheRapeutics","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theralux-ATIR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498275"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775836"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775836"}]}}{"C158558":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19-CAR T-cells PBCAR0191","code":"C158558","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf, T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified using a proprietary synthetic nuclease-based system to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 (cluster of differentiation 19) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD19-CAR T-cells PBCAR0191 specifically recognize and kill CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen, which is expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies and normal B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19-CAR T-cells PBCAR0191","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19-CAR T-cells PBCAR0191","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19-CAR T-lymphocytes PBCAR0191","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19-CAR Allogeneic T-cells PBCAR0191","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBCAR0191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938005"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797475"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797475"}]}}{"C137863":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic CD3- CD19- CD57+ NKG2C+ NK Cells FATE-NK100","code":"C137863","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of pharmacologically-enriched, allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells derived from a related but not completely matched human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-haploidentical donor that is seropositive for cytomegalovirus (CMV+), with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, the donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are treated to remove T-lymphocytes (CD3+) and B-lymphocytes (CD19+). The remaining leukocytes are cultured for 7 days with the cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) and a small molecule inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta (GSK3beta) to generate the adaptive, CD3- CD19- CD57+ NKG2C+ NK cells FATE-NK100 ex vivo. Upon infusion of the allogeneic CD3- CD19- CD57+ NKG2C+ NK cells FATE-NK100, these cells selectively recognize and bind to tumor cells, and secrete perforins, granzymes, and cytokines, which results in cancer cell lysis. Exposure to CMV induces the expression of the memory-like activating receptor NKG2C and the maturation marker CD57 in the isolated NK cells, making them more potent than those not pre-exposed to CMV. CD57 both enhances the effector function of NK cells and stimulates CD16-dependent signaling. Treatment with IL-15 enhances NK cell proliferation and survival. The GSK3beta inhibitor induces preferential expansion of CD57+ NK cells that exhibit enhanced interferon (IFN)-gamma production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adaptive Memory NKs Cells FATE-NK100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adaptive Memory Natural Killer Cells FATE-NK100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adaptive NKs Cells FATE-NK100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic CD3- CD19- CD57+ NKG2C+ NK Cells FATE-NK100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic CD3- CD19- CD57+ NKG2C+ NK Cells FATE-NK100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FATE NK100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FATE-NK100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524941"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790374"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790374"}]}}{"C119759":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Cellular Vaccine 1650-G","code":"C119759","definitions":[{"description":"A pluripotent, allogeneic, tumor cell vaccine composed of irradiated tumor cells from the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line 1650 and the immunoadjuvant recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (1650-G), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic cellular vaccine 1650-G may stimulate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressed on NSCLC cells. GM-CSF potentiates the antitumor immune response. The 1650 cell line is used as a source for TAAs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1650-G","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1650-G Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1650G","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Cellular Vaccine 1650-G","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Cellular Vaccine 1650-G","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896934"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C146711":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Breast Cancer Vaccine SV-BR-1-GM","code":"C146711","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine consisting of irradiated allogeneic breast cancer cells, derived from the breast cancer cell line SV-BR-1 that are transfected with the immunostimulant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; CSF2) gene, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of the allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting breast cancer vaccine SV-BR-1-GM, the genetically-modified cells secrete GM-CSF. This potentiates a tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against breast cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Breast Cancer Vaccine SV-BR-1-GM","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Breast Cancer Vaccine SV-BR-1-GM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer Vaccine SV-BR-1-GM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bria-IMT","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GM-CSF Gene-transfected Breast Cancer Vaccine SV-BR-1-GM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SV-BR-1 Breast Cancer Cell Line Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SV-BR-1-GM","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SV-BR-1-GM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544722"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792158"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792158"}]}}{"C2525":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Prostate Cancer Vaccine","code":"C2525","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic whole cell vaccine expressing human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Tumor cells from prostate cancer patients are harvested and then genetically modified to secrete GM-CSF, an immune stimulatory growth factor that plays a key role in stimulating the body's immune responses against tumor cells. Because the vaccine is derived from allogenic cells, it has demonstrated a favorable side effect profile than other approaches of delivering long-lasting GM-CSF.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF Prostate Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Prostate Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Prostate Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Prostate Cancer Vaccine, GM- CSF Gene Transduced","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogenic Prostate GVAX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GM-CSF Gene Transduced Allogeneic Prostate Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GVAX Allogeneic Prostate Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GVAX Allogenic Prostate Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GVAX Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GVAX Prostate Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Cancer Vaccine, GM-CSF Gene Transduced","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Cancer Vaccine, GVAX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796615"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43459"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43459"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"GVAX_Prostate_Cancer_Vaccine"}]}}{"C98282":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Whole Melanoma Cell Vaccine","code":"C98282","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic cancer vaccine composed of lethally irradiated whole melanoma cancer cells that are genetically modified to secrete the immunostimulatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal injections, allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting lethally irradiated whole melanoma cell vaccine secretes GM-CSF. In turn, GM-CSF may stimulate the body's immune system against tumor cells by enhancing the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and promoting antigen presentation to both B- and T-lymphocytes. In addition, GM-CSF promotes antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and increases interleukin-2-mediated lymphokine-activated killer cell function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Whole Melanoma Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Whole Melanoma Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GVAX Melanoma Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432401"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712484"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712484"}]}}{"C101892":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Tumor Vaccine PANC 10.05 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo","code":"C101892","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic cancer vaccine composed of lethally irradiated, whole pancreatic cancer cells transfected with a plasmid carrying the gene for cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting tumor vaccine PANC 10.05 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo secretes GM-CSF thereby activating dendritic cells, promoting antigen presentation to B- and T-cells, and promoting a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. This may eventually kill tumor cells. The pancreatic tumor cells are derived from the PANC 10.05 tumor cell line.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Tumor Vaccine PANC 10.05 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANC 10.05 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL436275"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734024"}]}}{"C101891":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Tumor Vaccine PANC 6.03 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo","code":"C101891","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic cancer vaccine composed of lethally irradiated, whole pancreatic cancer cells transfected with a plasmid carrying the gene for cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting tumor vaccine PANC 6.03 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo secretes GM-CSF thereby activating dendritic cells, promoting antigen presentation to B- and T-cells, and promoting a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. This may eventually kill tumor cells. The pancreatic tumor cells are derived from the PANC 6.03 tumor cell line.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Tumor Vaccine PANC 6.03 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANC 6.03 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL436274"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734023"}]}}{"C90577":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic IL13-Zetakine/HyTK-Expressing-Glucocorticoid Resistant Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes GRm13Z40-2","code":"C90577","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) negative, allogeneic cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) expressing a membrane-tethered interleukin 13 (IL13) cytokine chimeric T-cell antigen receptor (zetakine), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon transfection of donor T-lymphocytes with a plasmid encoding a fusion protein of the IL13-zetakine and the selection-suicide expression enzyme HyTK, these modified CTLs are expanded and introduced into a patient with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). This agent specifically targets IL13 receptor alpha2, a glioma-restricted cell-surface epitope; the CTLs exert their cytolytic effect thereby killing IL13Ra2-expressing glioma cells. In addition, IL13-zetakine redirected CTLs induce production of certain cytokines. Furthermore, due to the fact that these CTLs are GR negative, they can be used concomitantly with glucocorticoid therapy. The IL13-zetakine consists of an extracellular IL-13 E13Y mutein-human IgG4 hinge-Fc chimera fused to human cytoplasmic CD3-zeta via the transmembrane domain of human CD4.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic IL13-Zetakine/HyTK-Expressing-Glucocorticoid Resistant Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes GRm13Z40-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRm13Z40-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416270"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"668180"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"668180"}]}}{"C103862":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Irradiated Melanoma Cell Vaccine CSF470","code":"C103862","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic cancer vaccine composed of a mixture of lethally irradiated whole melanoma cancer cells obtained from four different melanoma cell lines, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal injections, allogeneic irradiated melanoma cell vaccine may stimulate the body's immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against the melanoma cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Irradiated Melanoma Cell Vaccine CSF470","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF 470 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF470 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438340"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743369"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743369"}]}}{"C78862":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Large Multivalent Immunogen Melanoma Vaccine LP2307","code":"C78862","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine, containing human-specific large multivalent immunogen (LMI) isolated from plasma membrane fractions of the melanoma cell lines MSM-M1 and MSM-M2, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic large multivalent immunogen melanoma vaccine LP2307 may stimulate a CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against melanoma tumor cells that express melanoma-specific LMI.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic LMI Melanoma Vaccine LP2307","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Large Multivalent Immunogen Melanoma Vaccine LP2307","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Large Multivalent Immunogen Melanoma Vaccine LP2307","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LP2307","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387595"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"602166"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"602166"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Allogeneic_Large_Multivalent_Immunogen_Melanoma_Vaccine_LP2307"}]}}{"C78861":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Melanoma Vaccine AGI-101H","code":"C78861","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine derived from two gentically modified human melanoma cell lines with potential antineoplastic activity. Allogeneic melanoma vaccine AGI-101H consists of a 1:1 mixture of cells from two genetically modified human melanoma cell lines, designated as Mich1H6 and Mich2H6, that have been gamma-irradiated to render the cells non-proliferative. Upon administration, this vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic immune response against melanoma tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGI-101H","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Melanoma Vaccine AGI-101H","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387596"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601981"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601981"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Allogeneic_Melanoma_Vaccine_AGI-101H"}]}}{"C94209":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line MG4101","code":"C94209","definitions":[{"description":"A population of allogeneic, cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells with potential antitumor activity. Allogeneic natural killer cell line MG4101 is derived from cells of a normal, healthy donor upon leukapheresis and activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic NK Cell Line MG4101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line MG4101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG-4101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MG4101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426022"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WX2ZW10GHO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686754"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686754"}]}}{"C117231":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line NK-92","code":"C117231","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, human cytotoxic cell line composed of allogeneic, activated, interleukin-2 (IL-2) dependent-natural killer cells derived from a 50-year old male patient with rapidly progressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, with potential antineoplastic activity. As NK-92 cells are devoid of killer inhibitory receptors (KIRs; also called killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors), which are negative regulators of NK cell activity, cancer cells are unable to suppress the cancer cell killing ability of the NK-92 cells. Upon infusion of the allogeneic NK cell line NK-92, the NKs recognize and bind to tumor cells. This leads to the secretion and release of perforins, granzymes, cytokines and chemokines, which results in cancer cell lysis and apoptosis. In addition, NK-92 cells express high affinity Fc receptors, which bind to therapeutic antibodies; therefore, this agent can enhance antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of co-administered therapeutic antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line NK-92","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line NK-92","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK-92","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK-92 Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"haNK","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474099"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763083"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763083"}]}}{"C95213":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Renal Cell Carcinoma Vaccine MGN1601","code":"C95213","definitions":[{"description":"A whole cell vaccine comprised of irradiated allogeneic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Allogeneic renal cell carcinoma vaccine MGN1601 contains two active ingredients: 1) genetically modified allogeneic RCC cells that are transiently transfected with four different MIDGE (Minimalistic Immunogenically Defined Gene Expression) vectors encoding IL-7, GM-CSF, CD80 and CD154 and 2) the synthetic DNA-based immunomodulator dSLIM-30L1, a TLR9 agonist.. Vaccination results in expression of IL-7, GM-CSF, CD80 and CD154, which all contribute to the activation or enhancement of immune responses. Furthermore, administration of this RCC vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against similar host tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth. TLR9 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Renal Cell Carcinoma Vaccine MGN1601","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-7/GM-CSF/CD80/CD154-encoding Synthetic dSLIM-30L1 Allogeneic Renal Cell Carcinoma Vaccine MGN1601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGN1601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426701"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"692088"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"692088"}]}}{"C1649":{"preferredName":"Allovectin-7","code":"C1649","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a gene therapy agent for the treatment of cancer. It increases the ability of the immune system to recognize cancer cells and kill them.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allovectin-7","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allovectin-7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allovectin-7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HLA-B7/Beta2M DNA Lipid (DMRIE/DOPE) Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-B7/Beta2M DNA Lipid Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-B7/Beta2M Plasmid DNA/DMRIE/DOPE Lipid Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-B7/Beta2M Plasmid DNA/Lipid Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-B7/Beta2Microglobulin DNA-Liposome Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338269"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42356"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42356"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Allovectin-7"}]}}{"C81667":{"preferredName":"Almurtide","code":"C81667","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic muramyl dipeptide (MDP) analogue with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. As a derivative of the mycobacterial cell wall component MDP, almurtide activates both monocytes and macrophages. This results in the secretion of cytokines and induces the recruitment and activation of other immune cells, which may result in indirect tumoricidal or cytostatic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Acetamido-3-O-((((1S)-1-(((1R)-1-carbamoyl-3- carboxypropyl)carbamoyl)ethyl)carbamoyl)methyl)-2-deoxy-D- glucopyranose","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALMURTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Almurtide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cgp-11637","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Acetyl-nor-muramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nor-MDP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"norMDP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0130664"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"61136-12-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1DCO35D4OR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"702874"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"702874"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H30N4O11"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Almurtide"}]}}{"C94214":{"preferredName":"Alpelisib","code":"C94214","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Alpelisib specifically inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALPELISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alpelisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alpelisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BYL719","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphoinositide 3-kinase Inhibitor BYL719","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Piqray","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986399"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1217486-61-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, PIK3CA-mutated, advanced or metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"08W5N2C97Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687431"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687431"}]}}{"C1720":{"preferredName":"Alpha Galactosylceramide","code":"C1720","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a biological response modifier that belongs to the family of drugs called glycosphingolipids or agelasphins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A potent alpha galactosylceramide modified from marine-sponge that stimulates the immune system to exhibit antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alpha Galactosylceramide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alpha Galactosylceramide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRN-7000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRN7000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRN7000","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"a-GalCer","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0534775"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"158021-47-7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43562"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43562"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"KRN7000"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:466659"}]}}{"C52185":{"preferredName":"Alpha V Beta 1 Inhibitor ATN-161","code":"C52185","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. ATN-161 may prevent the spread of tumor cells and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small peptide antagonist of integrin alpha5beta1 with potential antineoplastic activity. ATN-161 selectively binds to and blocks the receptor for integrin alpha5beta1, thereby preventing integrin alpha5beta1 binding. This receptor blockade may result in inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, angiogenesis, and tumor progression. Integrin alpha5beta1 is expressed on endothelial cells and plays a crucial role in endothelial cell adhesion and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATN-161","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATN-161","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ATN-161","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Alpha V Beta 1 Inhibitor ATN-161","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706674"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XW0H5LE42K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459774"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459774"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ATN-161"}]}}{"C120550":{"preferredName":"Idetrexed","code":"C120550","definitions":[{"description":"An alpha-folate receptor (aFR)-mediated inhibitor of thymidylate synthase (TS), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, idetrexed selectively targets and binds to aFR-expressing tumor cells. Upon uptake by aFR, this agent binds to and inhibits TS. This reduces thymine nucleotide synthesis, inhibits both DNA synthesis and cell division, and leads to tumor cell apoptosis. TS catalyzes the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP), an essential precursor for DNA synthesis, and plays a key role in cell growth and division. aFR, a cell-surface receptor glycoprotein, is overexpressed on various tumor cell types, but is minimally expressed by normal, healthy tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BGC 945","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDETREXED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Idetrexed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-[2-Propyn-1-yl[(6S)-4,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxo-3H-cyclopenta[g]quinazolin-6-yl]amino]benzoyl]-l-gamma-glutamyl-d-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONX 0801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONX-0801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-Folate Receptor-targeting Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor ONX-0801","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1612758"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"501332-69-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q718FS1C7X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769152"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769152"}]}}{"C165548":{"preferredName":"Alpha-Gal AGI-134","code":"C165548","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic alpha Gal (aGal) molecule, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection of aGal AGI-134, aGal coats the cancer cell membranes and triggers an anti-aGal antibody-mediated immune response leading to an initial complement-dependent and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This cytotoxicity causes release from tumor cells and subsequent uptake of released tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This may activate a systemic immune response against the TAAs and may eradicate cancer cells. aGal is a cell-surface carbohydrate antigen not expressed by humans while being expressed by all other mammals and bacteria. Anti-aGal antibodies are continuously and abundantly produced by humans due to exposure to aGal present on intestinal bacteria in the digestive system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-(2R-(4R,8R,12-trimethyltridecyl) chroman-6-yloxy) Acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGI 134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGI-134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGI134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-Gal AGI-134","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-alpha Gal Immunotherapeutic AGI-134","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aGal AGI-134","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978678"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799503"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799503"}]}}{"C159497":{"preferredName":"Alpha-lactalbumin-derived Synthetic Peptide-lipid Complex Alpha1H","code":"C159497","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic proteolipid complex comprised of the alpha-1 domain of alpha-lactalbumin (lactose synthase B protein) and oleic acid, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical instillation, alpha1H selectively accumulates in the nuclei of tumor cells and binds to histones H3, H4, and H2B. By binding to histones, alpha1H disrupts chromatin assembly and interferes with intact chromatin, thereby preventing tumor cell transcription and replication. Additionally, alpha1H inhibits the phosphorylation of multiple kinases involved in cancer-associated pathways including the Ras/Raf/ERK, PI3K/AKT, p38 MAPK and JNK signaling pathways. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in tumor cells that are driven by the dysregulation of certain kinases and oncogenic GTPases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alpha 1H","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-1H","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-lactalbumin-derived Synthetic Peptide-lipid Complex Alpha1H","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-lactalbumin-derived Synthetic Proteolipid Complex Alpha1H","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha1H","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951455"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797495"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797495"}]}}{"C28795":{"preferredName":"Alpha-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside","code":"C28795","definitions":[{"description":"A purine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6H-Purine-6-thione, 2-amino-9-(2-deoxy-alpha-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-1,9-dihydro- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9H-Purine-6-thiol, 2-amino-9-(2-deoxy-alpha-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-TGDR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thioguanine 9-alpha-D-2'-deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-2'-Deoxy-6-thioguanosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-2'-Deoxythioguanosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-Thiodeoxyguanosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"71851"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0051299"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2133-81-5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alpha-Thioguanine_Deoxyriboside"}]}}{"C117234":{"preferredName":"Alpha-tocopheryloxyacetic Acid","code":"C117234","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable vitamin E derivative with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration, alpha-tocopheryloxyacetic acid (alpha-TEA) induces tumor autophagy; the autophagosomes formed, which carry tumor associated antigens (TAAs), allow for increased cross-presentation of TAAs by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This activates a T cell-mediated T helper type 1 (TH1) response, generates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells, and reduces the frequency of regulatory T-cell (Treg) differentiation. In addition, alpha-TEA modulates the release of various cytokines and chemokines and induces tumor cell apoptosis. Altogether, this results in decreased tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":".ALPHA.-TOCOPHERYLOXYACETIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-(2R-(4R,8R,12-trimethyltridecyl) chroman-6-yloxy) Acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-tocopheryloxyacetic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"a-TEA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-TEA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1455006"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JW7FJR3ZLY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763148"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763148"}]}}{"C118290":{"preferredName":"Altiratinib","code":"C118290","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinase (TIE2), and tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, altiratinib selectively binds to c-Met, VEGFR2, Tie2 and Trk tyrosine kinases, which may lead to the inhibition of endothelial cell migration, proliferation and survival. This also results in both an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and increased tumor cell death in c-Met/VEGFR2/Tie2/Trk-expressing cells. These receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), frequently overexpressed or mutated by a variety of tumor cell types, play crucial roles in the regulation of angiogenesis, tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-Cyclopropanedicarboxamide, N-(4-((2-((cyclopropylcarbonyl)amino)-4-pyridinyl)oxy)-2,5-difluorophenyl)-N'-(4-fluorophenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALTIRATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Altiratinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCC-2701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896881"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1345847-93-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T678746713"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764368"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764368"}]}}{"C544":{"preferredName":"Altretamine","code":"C544","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic cytotoxic s-triazine derivative similar in structure to alkylating agent triethylenemelamin with antineoplastic activity. Although the precise mechanism by which altretamine exerts its cytotoxic effect is unknown, N-demethylation of altretamine may produce reactive intermediates which covalently bind to DNA, resulting in DNA damage. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4,6-Tris(dimethylamino)-s-triazine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2,4,6-tris(dimethylamino)-s-triazine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALTRETAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Altretamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Altretamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ENT 50852","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ENT-50852","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HXM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hemel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexalen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexaloids","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexamethylamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexamethylmelamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hexamethylmelamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexastat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexastat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hexinawas","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N,N',N',N\",N\"-hexamethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,n,n',N\"N\"-hexamethyl-1,3,5,-triazine-2,4,6,-triamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RB-1515","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-95704","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"altretamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"s-Triazine, 2,4,6-tris(dimethylamino)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"13875"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019453"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"645-05-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q8BIH59O7H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39475"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39475"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H18N6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Altretamine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:24564"}]}}{"C38142":{"preferredName":"Alvespimycin","code":"C38142","definitions":[{"description":"17-DMAG. A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called geldanamycin analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An analogue of the antineoplastic benzoquinone antibiotic geldanamycin. Alvespimycin binds to HSP90, a chaperone protein that aids in the assembly, maturation and folding of proteins. Subsequently, the function of Hsp90 is inhibited, leading to the degradation and depletion of its client proteins such as kinases and transcription factors involved with cell cycle regulation and signal transduction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-(Dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-Demethoxygeldanamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-DMAG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ALVESPIMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alvespimycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Geldanamycin,17-demethoxy-17-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"707545"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527262"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"467214-20-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"001L2FE0M3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H48N4O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_17-Dimethylaminoethylamino_17-Demethoxygeldanamycin"}]}}{"C76665":{"preferredName":"Alvespimycin Hydrochloride","code":"C76665","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of alvespimycin, an analogue of the antineoplastic benzoquinone antibiotic geldanamycin. Alvespimycin binds to HSP90, a chaperone protein that aids in the assembly, maturation and folding of proteins. Subsequently, the function of Hsp90 is inhibited, leading to the degradation and depletion of its client proteins such as kinases and transcription factors involved with cell cycle regulation and signal transduction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-DMAG HCl","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALVESPIMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alvespimycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alvespimycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-826476","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Geldanamycin,17-demethoxy-17-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)amino)-, Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KOS-1022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2350808"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"467214-21-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"612K359T69"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"378203"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"378203"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H48N4O8.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alvespimycin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C74940":{"preferredName":"Alvocidib","code":"C74940","definitions":[{"description":"The free base form of a synthetic N-methylpiperidinyl chlorophenyl flavone compound. As an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase, alvocidib induces cell cycle arrest by preventing phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and by down-regulating cyclin D1 and D3 expression, resulting in G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This agent is also a competitive inhibitor of adenosine triphosphate activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-cis-5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-8-(4-(3-hydroxy-1-methyl)piperidinyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALVOCIDIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alvocidib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alvocidib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Alvocidib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alvocidib Freebase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flavopiridol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alvocidib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"flavopiridol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0174903"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"146426-40-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"45AD6X575G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H20ClNO5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alvocidib_Freebase"}]}}{"C1571":{"preferredName":"Alvocidib Hydrochloride","code":"C1571","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It stops cells from dividing and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic N-methylpiperidinyl chlorophenyl flavone compound. As an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase, alvocidib induces cell cycle arrest by preventing phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and by down-regulating cyclin D1 and D3 expression, resulting in G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This agent is also a competitive inhibitor of adenosine triphosphate activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(3R,4S)-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-4-piperidinyl]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5, 7-dihydroxy-8-(3-hydroxy-1-methyl-4-piperidinyl)-, hydrochloride, (-)-cis-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ALVOCIDIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alvocidib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alvocidib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flavopiridol Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HL-275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMR 1275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMR 1275","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"L-86-8275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-868275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDL 107,826A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDL-107826A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"649890"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281603"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"131740-09-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D48MS3A6N9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42068"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42068"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H20ClNO5.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Flavopiridol"}]}}{"C165555":{"preferredName":"Alvocidib Prodrug TP-1287","code":"C165555","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, highly soluble phosphate prodrug of alvocidib, a potent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase-9 (CDK9), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the phosphate prodrug TP-1287, the prodrug is enzymatically cleaved at the tumor site and the active moiety alvocidib is released. Alvocidib targets and binds to CDK9, thereby reducing the expression of CDK9 target genes such as the anti-apoptotic protein MCL-1, and inducing G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CDK9-overexpressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alvocidib Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alvocidib Phosphate TP-1287","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alvocidib Prodrug TP-1287","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP 1287","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP-1287","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP1287","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978685"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799663"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799663"}]}}{"C62483":{"preferredName":"Amatuximab","code":"C62483","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Anti-mesothelin monoclonal antibody MORAb-009 binds to mesothelin (a protein that is made by some cancer cells) and stops the cells from dividing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody against human mesothelin with potential anti-tumor activity. Amatuximab specifically targets mesothelin, a cell surface glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion and overexpressed on many epithelial-derived cancer cells. Upon binding to the mesothelin antigen, amatuximab triggers an antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediated host immune response against mesothelin-expressing cells, resulting in cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMATUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amatuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amatuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Mesothelin Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(mesothelin) (Human-Mouse Monoclonal MORAb-009 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mouse Monoclonal MORAb-009 Kappa-Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORAb-009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORAb-009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"anti-mesothelin monoclonal antibody MORAb-009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3179481"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"931402-35-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6HP0354G04"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489384"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489384"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6394H9870N1694O2024S46"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-Mesothelin_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C73320":{"preferredName":"Ambamustine","code":"C73320","definitions":[{"description":"A tripeptidic nitrogen mustard compound and bifunctional alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMBAMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ambamustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-(m-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)-N-(3-(p-fluorophenyl)-L-alanyl)-L-alanyl)-L-methionine, Ethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTT-119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"10683068"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0244456"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"85754-59-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IB1H345F24"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H39Cl2FN4O4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ambamustine"}]}}{"C72627":{"preferredName":"Ambazone","code":"C72627","definitions":[{"description":"An antiseptic agent with potential antibacterial and antileukemic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, ambazone appears to interfere with the membrane-bound nucleotide system by increasing the intracellular concentration of cAMP in leukemia cells and macrophages, which potentially contributes to this agent's antineoplastic activity. Furthermore, this agent's affinity for various cellular targets, i.e. membranes, nucleic acids and proteins, may contribute to the overall antibacterial effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMBAZONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ambazone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Faringosept","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-Benzoquinone Amidinohydrazone Thiosemicarbazone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0043983"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6011-12-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BYK4592A3Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H11N7S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ambazone"}]}}{"C148521":{"preferredName":"Amblyomin-X","code":"C148521","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of a toxic protein derived from the salivary glands of the Amblyomma cajennense tick that inhibits Factor Xa and induces apoptosis, with potential antithrombotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, amblyomin-X promotes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, cytochrome-c release, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, and activation of caspase. Additionally, this agent selectively induces apoptosis in tumor cells. It also affects endothelial cell functions, such as adhesion, and may inhibit angiogenesis. Amblyomin-X targets and binds to factor Xa, inhibits its activity and interrupts the blood coagulation cascade, thereby preventing thrombin formation and thrombus development. As cancer is associated with thrombosis, amblyomin-X could potentially exert its antineoplastic and antithrombotic effects in the cancer patient at the same time.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amblyomin-X","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551143"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792680"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792680"}]}}{"C104745":{"preferredName":"Amcasertib","code":"C104745","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available cancer cell stemness kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Even though the exact target has not been fully elucidated, amcasertib targets and inhibits one or more pathways involved in cancer stem cell survival. As a result, cancer stem cell (CSC) growth as well as heterogeneous cancer cell growth is inhibited. CSCs, self-replicating cells able to differentiate into heterogeneous cancer cells, appear to be responsible for both tumor relapse and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMCASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amcasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amcasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBI503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445816"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1129403-56-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GLY8ABW25V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746133"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746133"}]}}{"C1342":{"preferredName":"Ametantrone","code":"C1342","definitions":[{"description":"A topoisomerase II inhibitor of the anthrapyrazole family that causes covalent cross-links in DNA of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,4-bis[[2-[(2-Hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]9,10-anthracenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9, 10-Anthracenedione, 1, 4-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"AMETANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ametantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ametantrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"196473"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0102923"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"64862-96-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PNT6041ST1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39147"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39147"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H28N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ametantrone"}]}}{"C488":{"preferredName":"Amifostine","code":"C488","definitions":[{"description":"The trihydrate form of a phosphorylated aminosulfhydryl compound. After dephosphorylation of amifostine by alkaline phosphatase to an active free sulfhydryl (thiol) metabolite, the thiol metabolite binds to and detoxifies cytotoxic platinum-containing metabolites of cisplatin and scavenges free radicals induced by cisplatin and ionizing radiation. The elevated activity of this agent in normal tissues results from both the relative abundance of alkaline phosphatase in normal tissues and the greater vascularity of normal tissues compared to tumor tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[(3-Aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol Dihydrogen Phosphate Ester Trihydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMIFOSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"APAETP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amifostine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amifostine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amifostine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Amifostine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Amifostine Trihydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aminopropylaminoethylthiophosphoric Acid Trihydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytofos","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethiofos","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethyol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gammaphos","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Gammaphos","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-(N-(3-Aminopropyl)-2-aminoethyl)thiophosphoric Acid Trihydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-2-(3-Aminopropylamino)ethylphosphorothioic Acid Trihydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR 2721","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"WR-2721","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR2721","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM-08310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"296961"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015020"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"112901-68-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity; Radiation-induced mucositis and xerostomia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M487QF2F4V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39741"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39741"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H15N2O3PS.3H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Amifostine"}]}}{"C15509":{"preferredName":"Amino Acid Injection","code":"C15509","definitions":[{"description":"A concentrated dietary supplement for injection containing the essential amino acids leucine, isoleucine, lysine, valine, phenylalanine, histidine, threonine, methionine and tryptophan as well as the non-essential amino acids alanine, arginine, glycine, proline, serine and tyrosine, with potential anabolic and anti-catabolic activities. Upon dilution and intravenous infusion of the amino acid nutritional supplement, the amino acids serve as protein building blocks, promote protein synthesis in muscle cells and prevent protein breakdown.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amino Acid Injection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RenAmin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Travasol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076943"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757081"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757081"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Amino_Acid_Injection"}]}}{"C1488":{"preferredName":"Aminocamptothecin","code":"C1488","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called topoisomerase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A water-insoluble camptothecin derivative. Aminocamptothecin binds to the nuclear enzyme topoisomerase I, thereby inhibiting repair of single-strand DNA breakages. Because the terminal lactone ring of aminocamptothecin required for the agent's antitumor activity spontaneously opens under physiological conditions to an inactive carboxy form, the drug must be administered over an extended period of time to achieve effective cytotoxicity. 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Aminocamptothecin binds to the nuclear enzyme topoisomerase I, thereby inhibiting repair of single-strand DNA breakages. Because the terminal lactone ring of aminocamptothecin required for the agent's antitumor activity spontaneously opens under physiological conditions to an inactive carboxy form, the drug must be administered over an extended period of time to achieve effective cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-aminocamptothecin colloidal dispersion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9AC colloidal dispersion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aminocamptothecin Colloidal Dispersion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677807"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42874"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42874"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aminocamptothecin_Colloidal_Dispersion"}]}}{"C48370":{"preferredName":"Aminoflavone Prodrug AFP464","code":"C48370","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. AFP464 kills cancer cells or stops them from dividing. It is a type of aminoflavone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic lysyl prodrug of the amino-substituted flavone derivate aminoflavone with antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. AFP464 is rapidly converted to aminoflavone in plasma. Aminoflavone activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathway leading to an increase in cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) expression and, to a lesser extent, an increase in cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) expression. Subsequently, aminoflavone is metabolized to toxic metabolites by the cytochromome P450 enzymes that it induces; these toxic metabolites covalently bind to DNA, resulting in the phosphorylation of p53, the induction of the p53 downstream target p21Waf1/Cip1, and apoptosis. Pulmonary toxicity may be dose-limiting.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFP464","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AFP464","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Aminoflavone Prodrug AFP464","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706653"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453584"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453584"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AFP464"}]}}{"C235":{"preferredName":"Aminopterin","code":"C235","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of pterins with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. As a folate analogue, aminopterin competes for the folate binding site of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby blocking tetrahydrofolate synthesis, and resulting in depletion of nucleotide precursors and inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. 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As a folate analogue, aminopterin competes for the folate binding site of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby blocking tetrahydrofolate synthesis, and resulting in depletion of nucleotide precursors and inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. 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Upon intramuscular vaccination, amolimogene bepiplasmid may elicit the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for HPV-16 and -18 E6 and E7 and may result in a reduction in tumor cell growth. HPV types 16 and 18 oncoproteins E6 and E7 are most commonly involved in cervical cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMOLIMOGENE BEPIPLASMID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amolimogene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amolimogene Bepiplasmid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amolimogene Bepiplasmid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bacterially Derived DNA and Microparticles Made of Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glydolide)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA (synthetic Plasmid p3kDRalphaHPV16-18)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZYC101a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1435422"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8B5KCA0GAK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561721"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561721"}]}}{"C61306":{"preferredName":"Amonafide L-Malate","code":"C61306","definitions":[{"description":"The malate salt of amonafide, an imide derivative of naphthalic acid, with potential antineoplastic activity. Amonafide intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and inhibition of DNA replication and RNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-amino-2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benz[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione (2S)-2-ydroxybutanedioate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMONAFIDE L-MALATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AS1413","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amonafide L-Malate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amonafide L-Malate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanedioic Acid, 2-hydroxy-, (2S)-, compd. with 5-amino-2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-1h-benz[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2h)-dione (1:1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XAN-02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xanafide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879697"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"618863-54-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Treatment of secondary acute myeloid leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LI06Q37TEG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485171"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485171"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H17N3O2.C4H6O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Amonafide_L-Malate"}]}}{"C80089":{"preferredName":"Amrubicin","code":"C80089","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of lung cancer. It is a type of anthracycline analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic 9-amino-anthracycline with antineoplastic activity. Amrubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits the activity of topoisomerase II, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication, and RNA and protein synthesis, followed by cell growth inhibition and cell death. This agent has demonstrated a higher level of anti-tumor activity than conventional anthracycline drugs without exhibiting any indication of the cumulative cardiac toxicity common to this class of compounds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-(7S,9S)-9-Acetyl-9-amino-7-((2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentopyranosyl)oxy)- 6,11-dihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrotetracene-5,12-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMRUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amrubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"amrubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL405282"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"110267-81-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"93N13LB4Z2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H25NO9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Amrubicin"}]}}{"C47948":{"preferredName":"Amrubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C47948","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a third-generation synthetic 9-amino-anthracycline with antineoplastic activity. Amrubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits the activity of topoisomerase II, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication, and RNA and protein synthesis, followed by cell growth inhibition and cell death. This agent has demonstrated a higher level of anti-tumor activity than conventional anthracycline drugs without exhibiting any indication of the cumulative cardiac toxicity common to this class of compounds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-(7S,9S)-9-Acetyl-9-amino-7-((2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentopyranosyl)oxy)- 6,11-dihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrotetracene-5,12-dione hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMRUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amrubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amrubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calsed","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-5887","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMP-5887","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0762659"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"110311-30-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EUL6MP8FZW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"443682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"443682"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H25NO9.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Amrubicin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C240":{"preferredName":"Amsacrine","code":"C240","definitions":[{"description":"An aminoacridine derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Although its mechanism of action is incompletely defined, amsacrine may intercalate into DNA and inhibit topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA double-strand breaks, arrest of the S/G2 phase of the cell cycle, and cell death. This agent's cytotoxicity is maximal during the S phase of the cell cycle when topoisomerase levels are greatest. In addition, amsacrine may induce transcription of tumor promoter p53 protein and block p53 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, resulting in p53-dependent tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-(9-Acridinylamino)methane-sulfon-m-anisidide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMSA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMSACRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acridinyl Anisidide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amekrin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amsa P-D","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amsacrine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amsacrine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Amsacrine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Amsidine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amsidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Amsidyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-880","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cain's Acridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lamasine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-(9-Acridinylamino)-3-methoxyphenyl]methanesulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN 11841","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SN-11841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN-21429","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"amsacrine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"m-AMSA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"m-AMSA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"249992"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0591085"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51264-14-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"00DPD30SOY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39142"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39142"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H19N3O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Amsacrine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2687"}]}}{"C96771":{"preferredName":"Amsacrine Lactate","code":"C96771","definitions":[{"description":"The lactate form of amsacrine, an aminoacridine analog and topoisomerase II inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity. Although the exact relationship between DNA binding and its activity has yet to be fully elucidated, amsacrine intercalates DNA through its acridine moiety, and its nonintercalative headgroup impedes topoisomerase II activity, augmenting enzyme-mediated DNA cleavage and resulting in DNA double-strand breaks. This ultimately induces programmed cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMSACRINE LACTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amsacrine Lactate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanesulfon-m-anisidide, 4'-(9-acridinylamino)-, compd. with Lactic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-(9-Acridinylamino)-3-methoxyphenyl)methanesulfonamide compd. with Lactic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"m-AMSA lactate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"141549"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1271552"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"80277-11-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"959PWE0Q2E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H19N3O3S.C3H6O3"}]}}{"C38684":{"preferredName":"Amsilarotene","code":"C38684","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called synthetic retinoids and angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A retinobenzoic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Amsilarotene inhibits retinoblastoma-gene product (RB) phosphorylation and increases the presence of 2 cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, resulting in cell cycle arrest. This agent also causes a cytotoxic decline in cyclin A and thymidylate synthase expression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMSILAROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amsilarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAC 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAC-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAC-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0675838"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"125973-56-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q1418F39MH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350384"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350384"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H27NO3Si2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TAC-101"}]}}{"C75926":{"preferredName":"Amustaline","code":"C75926","definitions":[{"description":"A quinacrine mustard compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Amustaline binds to, intercalates and crosslinks DNA and RNA. This agent is mainly used for ex vivo purposes, specifically for the inactivation of pathogens such as viruses, protozoa and bacteria in red blood cells (RBCs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl))-2-aminoethyl-3-((acridin-9-yl)amino)propionate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMUSTALINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amustaline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-303","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1667749"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"220180-88-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"25571657UW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H25Cl2N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Amustaline"}]}}{"C75035":{"preferredName":"Amustaline Dihydrochloride","code":"C75035","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of amustaline, a quinacrine mustard compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Amustaline binds to, intercalates and crosslinks DNA and RNA. This agent is mainly used for ex vivo purposes, specifically for the inactivation of pathogens such as viruses, protozoa and bacteria in red blood cells (RBCs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMUSTALINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amustaline Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698106"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"210584-54-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C5MKX7XOYA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H25Cl2N3O2.2ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Amustaline_Dihydrochloride"}]}}{"C71750":{"preferredName":"Amuvatinib","code":"C71750","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It blocks the action of certain enzymes involved in cell growth and the repair of DNA damaged by some anticancer drugs. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of recombinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable synthetic carbothioamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor MP470 binds to mutant forms of the stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit; SCFR), inhibiting clinically relevant mutants of this receptor tyrosine kinase that may be associated with resistance to therapy. In addition, MP470 inhibits activities of other receptor tyrosine kinases, such as c-Met, Ret oncoprotein, and mutant forms of Flt3 and PDGFR alpha, which are frequently dysregulated in variety of tumors. This agent also suppresses the induction of DNA repair protein Rad51, thereby potentiating the activities of DNA damage-inducing agents. Mutant forms of c-Kit are often associated with tumor chemoresistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMUVATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amuvatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amuvatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPK56","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP470","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP470","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor MP470","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1958331"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"850879-09-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SO9S6QZB4R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"559320"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"559320"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H21N5O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Receptor_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_MP470"}]}}{"C95776":{"preferredName":"Amuvatinib Hydrochloride","code":"C95776","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an orally bioavailable synthetic carbothioamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor MP470 binds to mutant forms of the stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit; SCFR), inhibiting clinically relevant mutants of this receptor tyrosine kinase that may be associated with resistance to therapy. In addition, MP470 inhibits activities of other receptor tyrosine kinases, such as c-Met, Ret oncoprotein, and mutant forms of Flt3 and PDGFR alpha, which are frequently dysregulated in variety of tumors. This agent also suppresses the induction of DNA repair protein Rad51, thereby potentiating the activities of DNA damage-inducing agents. Mutant forms of c-Kit are often associated with tumor chemoresistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Piperazinecarbothioamide, N-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-Ylmethyl)-4-Benzofuro(3,2-D)Pyrimidin-4-Yl-, Hydrochloride (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMUVATINIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amuvatinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPK56 HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP-470 HCI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP470 HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-Ylmethyl)-4-(Benzofuro(3,2-D)Pyrimidin-4-Yl)Piperazine-1- Carbothioamide Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987416"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1055986-67-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"14L8O2K12B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H21N5O3S.HCl"}]}}{"C38717":{"preferredName":"Anakinra","code":"C38717","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, and is being studied in the treatment of cancer. Anakinra blocks the action of interleukin 1 (IL-1). It is a type of interleukin receptor antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant human nonglycosylated interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Anakinra binds to the IL-1 receptor, thereby blocking the binding of the IL-1 to and activation of its receptor. Blockade of IL-1 activity may inhibit the cascade of downstream pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial cell growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-6, resulting in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. 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It is a type of nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nonsteroidal inhibitor of estrogen synthesis that resembles paclitaxel in chemical structure. As a third-generation aromatase inhibitor, anastrozole selectively binds to and reversibly inhibits aromatase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme complex found in many tissues including those of the premenopausal ovary, liver, and breast; aromatase catalyzes the aromatization of androstenedione and testosterone into estrone and estradiol, the final step in estrogen biosynthesis. In estrogen-dependent breast cancers, ananstrozole may inhibit tumor growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,2'-[5-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-phenylene]di(2-methylpropionitrile)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANASTROZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alpha,alpha,alpha', alpha'-tetramethyl-5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-benzenediacetonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anastrazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anastrozole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anastrozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Anastrozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anastrozole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Arimidex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI D1033","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ICI-D1033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD-1033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anastrozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"719344"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0290883"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"120511-73-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hormone Receptor-Positive Early Breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2Z07MYW1AZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42540"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42540"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H19N5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anastrozole"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2704"}]}}{"C950":{"preferredName":"Anaxirone","code":"C950","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic triepoxide alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Anaxirone alkylates DNA via actual or derived epoxide groups, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis. This agent has been shown to exhibit a broad spectrum of antineoplastic activity against experimental tumors, including those resistant to other alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,4-triglycidylurazol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANAXIRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anaxirone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triglycidylurazol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"332488"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0043767"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"77658-97-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"36R61Y789T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39194"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39194"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H15N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anaxirone"}]}}{"C80636":{"preferredName":"Ancitabine","code":"C80636","definitions":[{"description":"A cytarabine congener prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ancitabine is slowly hydrolyzed into cytarabine, which is converted to the active triphosphate form and competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate for incorporation into DNA. Because the arabinose sugar sterically hinders the rotation of the molecule within DNA, DNA replication ceases, specifically during the S phase of the cell cycle. This agent also inhibits DNA and RNA polymerases, resulting in a decrease in cell growth. Compared to cytarabine, a more prolonged, consistent cytarabine-mediated therapeutic effect may be achieved with ancitabine because of the slow hydrolytic conversion of ancitabine to cytarabine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANCITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ancitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL406826"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"31698-14-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DO2D32W0VC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ancitabine"}]}}{"C403":{"preferredName":"Ancitabine Hydrochloride","code":"C403","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a cytarabine congener prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ancitabine is slowly hydrolyzed into cytarabine. Subsequently, cytarabine is converted to the triphosphate form within the cell and then competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA. Because the arabinose sugar sterically hinders the rotation of the molecule within DNA, DNA replication ceases, specifically during the S phase of the cell cycle. Cytarabine agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, resulting in a decrease in DNA replication and repair. Compared to cytarabine, a more prolonged, consistent cytarabine-mediated therapeutic effect may be achieved with ancitabine because of the slow hydrolytic conversion of ancitabine to cytarabine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6H-furo(2',3':4,5)oxazolo(3,2-a)pyrimidine-2-methanol,2,3,3a,9a-tetrahydro-3-hydroxy-6-imino-,(2R(2alpha,3beta,3a beta,9a beta))","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ancid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ancitabine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ancitabine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ancytabine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CycloCMP Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CycloCMP hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cyclocytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cyclocytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclocytidine HCL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclocytidine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclocytidine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"U-33, 624A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"145668"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010557"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10212-25-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3T6920M469"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39199"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39199"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11N3O4.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ancitabine_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C98290":{"preferredName":"Androgen Antagonist APC-100","code":"C98290","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, vitamin E derivative and androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential anti-oxidant, chemopreventative and antineoplastic activity. APC-100 binds to ARs in target tissues thereby inhibiting androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitating the formation of inactive complexes that cannot be translocated to the nucleus. By inhibiting the formation of the complex between androgen activated AR- and the AP1 transcription factor JunD, the expression of androgen-responsive genes are blocked. One of such gene is spermidine/spermine N1-acetyl transferase gene (SSAT) that is responsible for the breakdown of polyamines, which are produced in high levels by prostatic epithelial cells, into reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause cellular damage. APC-100 may ultimately lead to an inhibition of growth in both AR-dependent and AR-independent prostate tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APC-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Antagonist APC-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Androgen Antagonist APC-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432408"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712831"}]}}{"C148520":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist BAY 1161116","code":"C148520","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR antagonist BAY 1161116 specifically binds to AR, inhibits AR activation, and prevents AR-mediated signaling. This inhibits cell growth in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in prostate cancers and is involved in proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR Antagonist BAY 1161116","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist BAY 1161116","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1161116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1161116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1161116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551148"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792679"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792679"}]}}{"C126335":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist SHR3680","code":"C126335","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SHR3680 competitively binds to AR in target tissues, which both prevents androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitates the formation of inactive complexes that cannot be translocated to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes, inhibits the expression of genes that regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation, and may lead to an inhibition of cell growth of AR-expressing tumor cells. ARs are overexpressed in prostate cancer and play a key role in prostate cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist SHR3680","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 3680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR3680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504901"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779621"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779621"}]}}{"C137818":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist TAS3681","code":"C137818","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the androgen receptor (AR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR inhibitor TAS3681 specifically binds to AR. This prevents AR activation, downregulates AR and prevents AR-mediated signaling. This inhibits cell growth in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in prostate cancers and is involved in proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR Antagonist TAS3681","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist TAS3681","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Inhibitor TAS3681","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS 3681","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS3681","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524893"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789958"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789958"}]}}{"C131874":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist TRC253","code":"C131874","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR antagonist TRC253 specifically binds to both wild-type and certain mutant forms of AR, thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitating the formation of inactive complexes that cannot translocate to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes, inhibits the expression of genes that regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation, and may lead to an inhibition of growth of tumor cells in which AR is overexpressed and/or mutated. AR is often overexpressed and/or mutated in prostate cancers and plays a key role in proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR Antagonist TRC253","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist TRC253","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antagonist TRC253","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 63576253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-63576253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ63576253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC 253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC-253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520350"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786539"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786539"}]}}{"C116326":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD5312","code":"C116326","definitions":[{"description":"An antisense oligonucleotide targeting the androgen receptor (AR) mRNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, AZD5312 hybridizes with AR mRNA, which blocks translation of the AR protein. This both inhibits AR-induced tumor cell growth and promotes apoptosis in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in certain breast and prostate cancers and is involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD-5312","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AZD5312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD5312","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD5312","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS-ARRx","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS-AZ1Rx","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473660"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3S31QX1Q6J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761561"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761561"}]}}{"C96742":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-4176","code":"C96742","definitions":[{"description":"A locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based antisense oligonucleotide targeting the androgen receptor (AR) mRNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, EZN-4176 is hybridized and releases the complementary sequences of AR mRNA, thereby blocking translation of the AR protein and inhibiting AR-induced tumor cell growth and promoting tumor cell apoptosis in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in certain breast and prostate cancers and is involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. LNAs contain a methylene bridge linking 2'-oxygen and 4'-carbon of ribose sugar rings, thereby increasing their thermal stability and decreasing degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-4176","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EZN-4176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273001"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699628"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699628"}]}}{"C160788":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Degrader ARV-110","code":"C160788","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective androgen receptor (AR)-targeted protein degrader, using the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, with potential antineoplastic activity. ARV-110 is composed of an AR ligand attached to an E3 ligase recognition moiety. Upon oral administration, ARV-110 targets and binds to the AR ligand binding domain. E3 ligase is recruited to the AR by the E3 ligase recognition moiety and the AR target protein is tagged by ubiquitin. This causes ubiquitination and degradation of AR by the proteasome. This prevents the expression of AR target genes and halts AR-mediated signaling. This results in an inhibition of proliferation in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, the degradation of the AR protein releases the ARV-110 is released and can bind to additional AR target proteins. AR plays a key role in the proliferation of castration-resistant prostate cancer cells (CRPC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR PROTAC ARV-110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AR-targeted PROTAC Protein Degrader ARV-110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARV 110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARV-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARV110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Degrader ARV-110","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Degrader ARV-110","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor PROTAC Degrader ARV-110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROTAC Degrader ARV-110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969773"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798419"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798419"}]}}{"C116726":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Downregulator AZD3514","code":"C116726","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective androgen receptor (AR) downregulator (SARD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AZD3514 binds to the AR ligand binding domain and inhibits the binding of androgen, thereby preventing androgen-dependent AR signaling. AZD3514 also causes downregulation of AR expression, which further prevents AR-mediated signaling. This results in an inhibition of proliferation in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR plays a key role in the proliferation of castration-resistant prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD3514","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Downregulator AZD3514","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Downregulator AZD3514","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARD AZD3514","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3712375"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682100"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682100"}]}}{"C121777":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Ligand-binding Domain-encoding Plasmid DNA Vaccine MVI-118","code":"C121777","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing pTVG4 plasmid DNA encoding the human androgen receptor (AR) ligand-binding domain (LBD) (pTVG-AR), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of AR LBD-encoding plasmid DNA vaccine MVI-118, the plasmid DNA vaccine expresses AR LBD and may stimulate the host immune system to generate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against AR LBD-expressing prostate cancer cells. This reduces proliferation of AR-expressing tumor cells. AR, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed in prostate cancer cells, plays a key role in the development and progression of prostate cancer; its expression is correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR LBD-encoding Plasmid DNA Vaccine MVI-118","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Ligand-binding Domain-encoding Plasmid DNA Vaccine MVI-118","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVI-118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTVG-AR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTVG-AR Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053487"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771098"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771098"}]}}{"C61637":{"preferredName":"Andrographolide","code":"C61637","definitions":[{"description":"A labdane diterpenoid that is produced by the Andrographis paniculata plant, which has a broad range of therapeutic applications including anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet aggregation activities and potential antineoplastic properties. Since andrographolide has multiple therapeutic activities there are several proposed mechanisms of action for this agent. The anti-inflammatory effects of this agent appear to be related to the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production by macrophages. This agent may activate the NO/cyclic GMP pathway and inhibit both the phospholipase C gamma 2 (PLC gamma2)/protein kinase C (PKC) and PI3K/AKT-MAPK signaling pathways in activated platelets to inhibit platelet aggregation. In activated platelets, these three signaling pathways are downstream of integrin activation mediated by collagen binding and influence the association of fibrinogen with its receptors. Additionally, andrographolide may exert its anti-cancer activity through the induction of cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and the stimulation of lymphocyte proliferation and activation. These processes could result in decreased proliferation of and increased immunocytotoxicity against tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1R-(1-alpha(E(S)),4a-beta,5alpha,6alpha,8a-alpha))-3-(2-(decahydro-6-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-5,8a-dimethyl-2-methylene-1-naphthalenyl)ethylidene)dihydro-4-hydroxy-2(3H)-furanone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(3E,4S)-3-[2-[(1R,4aS,5R,6R,8aS)-6-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-5,8a-dimethyl-2-methylidene-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-1-yl]ethylidene]-4-hydroxyoxolan-2-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(3E,4S)-4-hydroxy-3-{2-[(1R,4aS,5R,6R,8aS)-6-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-5,8a-dimethyl-2-methylidenedecahydronaphthalen-1-yl]ethylidene}dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2(3H)-Furanone, 3-(2-(decahydro-6-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-5,8a-dimethyl-2-methylene-1-naphthalenyl)ethylidene)dihydro-4-hydroxy-, (1R-(1-alpha(E(S*)),4a-beta,5-alpha,6-alpha,8a-alpha))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-(2-(decahydro-6-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-5,8a-dimethyl-2-methylenenaphthyl)ethylidene)dihydro-4-hydroxyfuran-2(3H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3alpha,14,15,18-tetrahydroxy-5b,9bH,10a-labda-8(20),12-dien-16-oic acid gamma-Lactone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANDROGRAPHOLIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Andrographis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Andrographolide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0051821"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5508-58-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"410105JHGR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755596"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755596"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H30O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Andrographolide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:65408"}]}}{"C78831":{"preferredName":"Androstane Steroid HE3235","code":"C78831","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable adrenal steroid analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Androstane steroid HE3235 appears to bind the androgen receptor (AR), down-regulating anti-apoptotic genes, such as Bcl-2, while increasing the expression of pro-apoptotic genes, such as caspases. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that this agent inhibits androstenediol-dependent LNCaP cell tumor growth. In addition, HE3235 may potentiate chemotherapeutic agents by down-regulating ABCG2, the gene encoding the multi-drug resistant (MDR) protein MDR2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17Alpha-ethynyl-5alpha-androstane-3alpha, 17Beta-diol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APOPTONE","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androstane Steroid HE3235","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Androstane Steroid HE3235","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HE3235","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2715313"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601983"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601983"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adrenal_Steroid_Analogue_HE3235"}]}}{"C98293":{"preferredName":"Anetumab Ravtansine","code":"C98293","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin and conjugated to the maytansinoid DM4 with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of anetumab ravtansine targets and binds to the tumor associated antigen mesothelin; upon internalization, the DM4 moiety binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in inhibition of cell division and cell growth of mesothelin-expressing tumor cells. Mesothelin is overexpressed on all mesotheliomas as well as many ovarian and pancreatic cancers while minimally expressed on normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANETUMAB RAVTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anetumab Ravtansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anetumab Ravtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 94-9343","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4045305"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1375258-01-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M170940PMI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712853"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712853"}]}}{"C88301":{"preferredName":"Ang2/VEGF-Binding Peptides-Antibody Fusion Protein CVX-241","code":"C88301","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein containing angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) derived peptides covalently attached, via a proprietary diketone linker, to a proprietary humanized catalytic aldolase monoclonal antibody, with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. The Ang2/VEGF peptide moieties of Ang2/VEGF-binding peptides-antibody fusion protein CVX-241 bind to Ang2 and VEGF receptors, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. The proprietary humanized catalytic IgG1 monoclonal aldolase antibody contains reactive lysine residues in its binding sites, which react covalently with compounds having a diketone function; the Ang2 and VEGFR peptide moieties are then covalently attached to the diketone linkers via a proprietary spacer. Both VEGF and Ang2 are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and play a crucial role in angiogenesis. This agent possesses an enhanced half-life compared to the naked peptides.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ang2/VEGF-Binding Peptides-Antibody Fusion Protein CVX-241","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ang2/VEGF-Binding Peptides-Antibody Fusion Protein CVX-241","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVX-241","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVX-241","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PF-05057459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413555"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3RM68C5CTG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659158"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659158"}]}}{"C71539":{"preferredName":"Ofranergene Obadenovec","code":"C71539","definitions":[{"description":"A non-replicating adenovirus 5 (Ad-5, El-deleted) encoding a human Fas-chimera (Fas-c) transgene under the control of a modified murine pre-proendothelin-1 (PPE-1) promoter, with potential anti-angiogenic activity. Upon the administration of ofranergene obadenovec, the modified murine PPE-1 promoter is specifically activated in PPE-1-expressing angiogenic endothelial cells residing in the tumor microvasculature. Subsequently, the Fas-c pro-apoptotic transgene, containing the human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 (TNFR-1/p55) and the signaling domain of Fas, is expressed in angiogenic endothelial cells. Fas-mediated apoptosis is activated via binding of the TNFR-1 receptor with TNF-alpha, which is more abundant in the tumor microenvironment (TME), enhancing specificity and limiting systemic toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GT-111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OFRANERGENE OBADENOVEC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ofranergene Obadenovec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ofranergene Obadenovec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VB-111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL378317"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1476737-24-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5Q5PRH05GI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580988"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580988"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"GT-111"}]}}{"C82413":{"preferredName":"Angiogenesis Inhibitor JI-101","code":"C82413","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRb), and the ephrin B4 receptor B4 (EphB4) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Angiogenesis inhibitor JI-101 binds to and inhibits VEGFR2, PDGFRb and EphB4, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and, so, cellular proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing VEGFR2, PDGFRb and EphB4. The receptor tyrosine kinases VEGFR2, PDGFRb and EphB4 may be overexpressed in a number of different cancer cell types and may play crucial roles in tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiogenesis Inhibitor JI-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Angiogenesis Inhibitor JI-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JI-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JI-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830086"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"980M4N37DH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637113"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637113"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Angiogenesis_Inhibitor_JI-101"}]}}{"C95202":{"preferredName":"Pixatimod","code":"C95202","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic heparan sulfate mimetic with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activity. Pixatimod inhibits the cleavage of heparan sulfate from cell surface proteoglycan by heparanase and thus inhibits the neovascularization induced by interaction between heparan sulfate and other extracellular matrix proteins. In this manner, this agent may have the potential to slow the progression of growth of solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PG545","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIXATIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pixatimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426692"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1144617-49-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"66QR34C83N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690742"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690742"}]}}{"C116625":{"preferredName":"Angiopoietin-2-specific Fusion Protein PF-04856884","code":"C116625","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody fused to two peptides that bind to angiopoietin 2 (Ang2; ANGPT2), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, Ang2-targeting PF-04856884 CovX body specifically binds to Ang2 and prevents the binding of Ang2 to its receptor Tie2 expressed on endothelial cells. This inhibits Tie2-mediated signaling, prevents angiogenesis and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. Ang2, a proangiogenic cytokine and ligand for the Tie2 receptor, plays a key role in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation; its expression is upregulated by tumor endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiopoietin-2-specific Fusion Protein PF-04856884","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Angiopoietin-2-specific Fusion Protein PF-04856884","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVX-060","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVX-060","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PF-04856884","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433732"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"78LXD26OX3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687982"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687982"}]}}{"C2526":{"preferredName":"Anhydrovinblastine","code":"C2526","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of the vinca alkaloid vinblastine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Like vinblastine, anhydrovinblastine targets and binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and causing tumor cell cycle arrest in the M phase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANHYDROVINBLASTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AVLB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anhydrovinblastine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anhydrovinblastine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796616"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5B622U08B3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43460"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43460"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anhydrovinblastine"}]}}{"C249":{"preferredName":"Aniline Mustard","code":"C249","definitions":[{"description":"An alkylating mustard with antineoplastic activity. Aniline mustard forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers, resulting in depurination, base miscoding and strand scission, and crosslinking of DNA strands, all of which contribute to its cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":".beta.,.beta.'-Dichlorodiethylaniline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"A 14489","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A 14489","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Aniline Mustard","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aniline mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Benzenamine, N, N-bis(2-chloroethyl)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Benzenamine, N, N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB 1074","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB 1074","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lymphochin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lymphochin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lymphocin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoquin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lymphoquin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesylerythrol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N, N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)aniline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N,N-BIS(2-CHLOROETHYL)ANILINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)aniline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)benzenamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenylbis(2-chloroethylamine)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SK 592","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SK 592","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TL 476","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL 476","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"beta, beta'-dichlorodiethylaniline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mesylerythrol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"phenylbis[2-chloroethylamine]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"18429"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1142666"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"553-27-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CUJ6745Z9J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39146"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39146"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aniline_Mustard"}]}}{"C106428":{"preferredName":"Anlotinib Hydrochloride","code":"C106428","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of anlotinib, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, anlotininib targets multiple RTKs, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2) and type 3 (VEGFR3). This agent may both inhibit angiogenesis and halt tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-((4-((4-Fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)oxy)-6-methoxy-7-quinolyl)oxymethyl)cyclopropanamine, Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALTN HCl","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anlotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anlotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CATEQUENTINIB DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cyclopropanamine, 1-(((4-((4-Fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)oxy)-6-methoxy-7-quinolinyl)oxy)methyl)-, Hydrochloride (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447782"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1360460-82-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A3749M6582"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749736"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749736"}]}}{"C2632":{"preferredName":"Annamycin","code":"C2632","definitions":[{"description":"A lipophilic, anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic. Annamycin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as inhibiting RNA and protein synthesis. This agent appears to not be a substrate for the p-glycoprotein associated multidrug-resistance (MDR) transporter; therefore, overcoming the resistance pattern seen with other anthracycline compounds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2'-iodo-3'-hydroxy-4'-epi-4-demethoxydoxorubicin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,12-naphthacenedione, 7-((2,6-dideoxy-2-iodo-alpha-l-mannopyranosyl)oxy)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxyacetyl)-, (7S-cis)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANNAMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Annamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"annamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0214529"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"92689-49-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SNU299M83Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H25IO11"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Annamycin"}]}}{"C25838":{"preferredName":"Annamycin Liposomal","code":"C25838","definitions":[{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated form of the semi-synthetic doxorubicin analogue annamycin with antineoplastic activity. Annamycin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent circumvents multidrug-resistance (MDR) transporters, including P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Liposomal annamycin is less toxic and shows improved antitumor activity compared to annamycin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Annamycin Liposomal","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Annamycin Liposomal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"700363"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935796"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38230"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38230"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Annamycin_Liposomal"}]}}{"C118972":{"preferredName":"Annonaceous Acetogenins","code":"C118972","definitions":[{"description":"A family of naturally occurring polyketides that consist of C32 or C34 long chain fatty acids and combined with a propan-2-ol unit at C-2 to form a gamma-lactone, which are isolated from various species of the plant family Annonaceae, with potential antineoplastic and antimicrobial activity. Annonaceous acetogenins bind to the ubiquinone catalytic site(s) within the mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I), and block the electron transport chain in mitochondria. In addition, the acetogenins bind to and block the activity of ubiquinone-linked NADH oxidase, an enzyme overexpressed in the plasma membranes of cancer cells. This inhibits adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, decreases intracellular ATP levels, and induces tumor cell apoptosis. Compared to normal cells, cancer cells have higher ATP demands. The Annonaceous acetogenins also inhibit microbial glucose dehydrogenase 6.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acetogenins","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Annonaceous Acetogenins","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1955902"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766482"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766482"}]}}{"C97710":{"preferredName":"Ansamitomicin P-3","code":"C97710","definitions":[{"description":"An ansamacrolide and maytansine analogue originally isolated from the Ethiopian shrub Maytenus serrata with antineoplastic activity. Ansamitomicin P-3 binds to tubulin at the maytansine-binding site, thereby inhibiting microtubule assembly, inducing microtubule disassembly, and disrupting mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANSAMITOMICIN P-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ansamitomicin P-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maytansine, 3-o-de(2-(acetylmethylamino)-1-oxopropyl)-3-o-(1-oxobutyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0952781"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"66547-09-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7SUK7876BG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H43ClN2O9"}]}}{"C252":{"preferredName":"Anthramycin","code":"C252","definitions":[{"description":"A pyrrolo(1,4)benzodiazepine antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces refuineus var. thermotolerans. Anthramycin binds covalently to guanine in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(5,10,11,11a-tetrahydro-9,11-dihydroxy-8-methyl-5-oxo-1h-pyrrolo(2,1-c)(1,4)benzodiazepin-2-yl)-2-propenamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANTHRAMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anthramycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anthramycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003167"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4803-27-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0WZD9Y66WN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H17N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anthramycin"}]}}{"C2706":{"preferredName":"Anthrapyrazole","code":"C2706","definitions":[{"description":"An antineoplastic antibiotic that intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. Anthrapyrazoles may also block cell cycle division. In the presence of electron donors, some anthrapyrazole antibiotics cause single-strand breaks in DNA via photosensitization by visible light. These agents are less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anthra[1, 9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one, 7, 10-dihydroxy-2-[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]-5-[[2-(methylamino )ethyl]amino]-acetate (salt) hydrobromide (10:5:21)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Anthra[1, 9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one, 7, 10-dihydroxy-2-[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]-5-[[2-(methylamino )ethyl]amino]-acetate (salt) hydrobromide(10:5:21)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one, 7, 10-dihydroxy-2-[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]-5-[[2-(methylamino )ethyl]amino]-, acetate (salt) hydrobromide (10:5:21)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one, 7, 10-dihydroxy-2-[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]-5-[[2-(methylamino )ethyl]amino]-, acetate (salt) hydrobromide(10:5:21)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anthrapyrazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"355644"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0051960"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"91440-30-1"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anthrapyrazole"}]}}{"C117735":{"preferredName":"Anti c-KIT Antibody-drug Conjugate LOP628","code":"C117735","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody against the stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR) and conjugated, via a non-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent maytansine, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of anti c-KIT ADC LOP628 targets and binds to the cell surface antigen c-Kit. After antibody-antigen interaction followed by internalization, the maytansine moiety binds to tubulin, inhibits microtubule assembly, and induces microtubule disassembly. This leads to a disruption of mitosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation in cancer cells expressing c-Kit. c-Kit, a transmembrane protein and receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed in solid tumors and hematological malignancies; it plays a key role in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti c-KIT ADC LOP628","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti c-KIT Antibody-drug Conjugate LOP628","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOP628","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474131"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764075"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764075"}]}}{"C107388":{"preferredName":"Anti-5T4 Antibody-Drug Conjugate PF-06263507","code":"C107388","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate composed of an antibody directed against 5T4 and conjugated, via the stable linker maleimidocaproyl (mc), to the microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin phenylalanine (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of PF-06263507 selectively binds to cells expressing the 5T4 oncofetal antigen. After internalization and enzymatic cleavage of the immunoconjugate within the tumor cell cytosol, free MMAF binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. 5T4, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types; its expression is correlated with increased invasiveness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-5T4 Antibody-Drug Conjugate PF-06263507","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-5T4 Antibody-Drug Conjugate PF-06263507","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06263507","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06263507","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL449599"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V7U0JSO7FH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751006"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751006"}]}}{"C90583":{"preferredName":"Anti-A33 Monoclonal Antibody KRN330","code":"C90583","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the human A33 antigen, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activity. Anti-A33 monoclonal antibody KRN330 recognizes and binds to the human A33 antigen, which may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against A33-positive colorectal cancers. A33 antigen, a 43 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is highly and homogenously expressed in 95% of colorectal cancer cancers with only restricted expression in normal colonic mucosa and small bowel epithelia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-A33 Monoclonal Antibody KRN330","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-A33 Monoclonal Antibody KRN330","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRN330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983782"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"584603"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"584603"}]}}{"C85478":{"preferredName":"Anti-A5B1 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody PF-04605412","code":"C85478","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the human alpha5beta1 integrin with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-alpha5beta1 integrin monoclonal antibody PF-04605412 selectively binds to alpha5beta1 integrin, preventing the binding of integrin ligands. This may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and integrin-mediated tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in alpha5beta1-expressing tumor cells. Alpha5beta1 integrin, a cell adhesion and signaling receptor, is often overexpressed on the surface of tumor vessel endothelial cells and plays a crucial role in endothelial cell adhesion and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-A5B1 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody PF-04605412","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-A5B1 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody PF-04605412","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-alpha5beta1 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody PF-04605412","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04605412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830142"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647821"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647821"}]}}{"C129715":{"preferredName":"Anti-ACTR/4-1BB/CD3zeta-Viral Vector-transduced Autologous T-Lymphocytes ACTR087","code":"C129715","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified and transfected with a viral vector expressing the ACTR gene, a proprietary gene encoding for an antibody-coupled T-cell receptor (ATCR), with potential antineoplastic activity. The ACTR contains the extracellular Fc receptor CD16 domain, normally found on certain immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, coupled to the co-immunostimulatory signaling domain 4-1BB, normally expressed on T-cells, and linked to the intracellular CD3 zeta domain (CD3z), which is needed for TCR signaling. Upon reintroduction into the patient and co-administration of a cancer-specific antibody, the co-administered antibody targets and binds to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on the tumor cell. In turn, this induces the activation of the ACTR087 cells and destruction of the tumor cells by a) releasing cytotoxins that directly kill cancer cells; b) releasing cytokines that trigger an immune response and recruit other immune-mediated killer cells to kill the tumor cells; b) targeting and killing adjacent tumor cells that are not bound to the antibody; c) inducing T-cell proliferation and thereby further enhancing the T-cell mediated tumor cell attack. CD3 zeta is one of several membrane-bound polypeptides found in the TCR/CD3 complex; it enhances the survival and persistence of T-lymphocytes. The 4-1BB co-stimulatory molecule signaling domain enhances activation and signaling after recognition of the TAA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTR-087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACTR087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ACTR Viral Vector-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes ACTR087","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ACTR/4-1BB/CD3zeta-Viral Vector-transduced Autologous T-Lymphocytes ACTR087","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ACTR/4-1BB/CD3zeta-Viral Vector-transduced Autologous T-Lymphocytes ACTR087","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD16-41BB-CD3zeta ACTR Autologous T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Virally-delivered Antibody-coupled TCR ACTR087","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512898"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784523"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784523"}]}}{"C133818":{"preferredName":"Anti-AG7 Antibody Drug Conjugate AbGn-107","code":"C133818","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody that targets the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) AG7 and is linked, through a hydrophilic, self-immolative linker, to a proprietary cytotoxic payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of AbGn-107 the antibody moiety targets and binds to the AG7 antigen expressed on a variety of cancer cells. Upon binding and internalization, the linker is cleaved and the payload is released, binds to tubulin, inhibits tubulin polymerization and kills the AG7-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC AbGn-107","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ab1-18Hr1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AbGn-107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AbGn107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AG7 ADC AbGn-107","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AG7 Antibody Drug Conjugate AbGn-107","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-AG7 Antibody Drug Conjugate AbGn-107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521740"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789018"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789018"}]}}{"C82685":{"preferredName":"Anti-AGS-16 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-16M18","code":"C82685","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the activator of g-proteins signaling (AGS) cell surface protein AGS-16 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-AGS-16 monoclonal antibody AGS-16M18 selectively binds to AGS-16, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis (CDCL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in tumor cells expressing AGS-16. While normally expressed at low levels in the proximal tubules of the kidney, AGS-16 has been found to be overexpressed in more than 95% of kidney and 40% of liver neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS-16M18","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AGS-16 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-16M18","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-AGS-16 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-16M18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388472"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633313"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633313"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-AGS-16_Monoclonal_Antibody_AGS-16M18"}]}}{"C92590":{"preferredName":"Anti-AGS-5 Antibody-Drug Conjugate ASG-5ME","code":"C92590","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) containing the fully human IgG2k monoclonal antibody targeting an epitope of SLC44A4 (AGS-5) linked, via a valine-citrulline (vc) maleimidocaproyl (mc) linker, to the antimicrotubulin drug monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of ASG-5ME selectively binds to AGS-5. After internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. SLC44A4, potentially a sodium-dependent transmembrane transport protein, is overexpressed on more than 80 percent of samples derived from patients with pancreatic, prostate and gastric cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASG-5ME","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AGS-5 Antibody-Drug Conjugate ASG-5ME","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-AGS-5 Antibody-Drug Conjugate ASG-5ME","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3696055"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682506"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682506"}]}}{"C82686":{"preferredName":"Anti-AGS-8 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-8M4","code":"C82686","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the activator of g-proteins signaling (AGS) cell surface protein AGS-8 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-AGS-8 monoclonal antibody AGS-8M4 selectively binds to AGS-8, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing AGS-8. While normally expressed at low levels in the heart in response to ischemia, AGS-8 has been found to be expressed in more than 70% of ovarian neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS-8M4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AGS-8 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-8M4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-AGS-8 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-8M4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388473"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633505"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633505"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-AGS-8_Monoclonal_Antibody_AGS-8M4"}]}}{"C164668":{"preferredName":"Anti-alpha BCMA/Anti-alpha CD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody TNB-383B","code":"C164668","definitions":[{"description":"A T-cell engaging bispecific antibody (T-BsAb) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human alpha B-cell maturation antigen (aBCMA) and against the alphaCD3 (aCD3) antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. TNB-383B is composed of two aBCMA moieties in sequence on one arm, a single aCD3 arm, and a silenced IgG4 Fc. Upon administration of anti-aBCMA/aCD3 T-cell engaging bispecific antibody TNB-383B, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA found on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival. Binding to aCD3 preferentially activates effector over regulatory T-cells and stimulates minimal cytokine release.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA x aCD3 T-BsAb TNB-383B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA x aCD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody TNB-383B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-alpha BCMA/Anti-alpha CD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody TNB-383B","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-alpha BCMA/Anti-alpha CD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody TNB-383B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNB 383B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNB-383B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNB383B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977826"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799707"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799707"}]}}{"C116865":{"preferredName":"Anti-alpha5beta1 Integrin Antibody MINT1526A","code":"C116865","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody directed against the human alpha5beta1 integrin (a5b1) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-a5b1 antibody MINT1526A selectively binds to a5b1, thereby preventing the binding of integrin ligands. This may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and integrin-mediated tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in a5b1-expressing tumor cells. a5b1, a cell adhesion and signaling receptor, is often overexpressed on the surface of tumor vessel endothelial cells and plays a crucial role in both endothelial cell adhesion and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-a5b1 Antibody MINT1526A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-alpha5beta1 Integrin Antibody MINT1526A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-alpha5beta1 Integrin Antibody MINT1526A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MINT1526A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053617"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675425"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675425"}]}}{"C95704":{"preferredName":"Anti-ANG2 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-3617","code":"C95704","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody against angiopoietin 2 (ANG2), with potential antiangiogenic activity. Anti-ANG2 monoclonal antibody MEDI-3617 binds to Ang2 and interferes with the interaction between Ang2 and its receptor TEK tyrosine kinase (Tie2), thereby resulting in the disruption of vascular remodeling. This may inhibit angiogenesis and may eventually lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ANG2 MoAb MEDI-3617","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ANG2 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-3617","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ANG2 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-3617","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-3617","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-3617","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428170"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6RH6DL8R4L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690474"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690474"}]}}{"C116627":{"preferredName":"Anti-angiopoietin Monoclonal Antibody AMG 780","code":"C116627","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody targeting the proangiogenic cytokines angiopoietin 1 (Ang1) and 2 (Ang2), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-angiopoietin monoclonal antibody AMG 780 binds to Ang1 and Ang2. This prevents the binding of the angiopoietin ligands to their receptor Tie2 (TEK), an endothelial cell-specific receptor tyrosine kinase. This prevents Tie2-mediated signaling and results in an inhibition of Tie2-expressing, tumor-stimulated endothelial cell proliferation, which prevents angiogenesis and inhibits tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 780","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-angiopoietin Monoclonal Antibody AMG 780","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-angiopoietin Monoclonal Antibody AMG 780","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421599"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675243"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675243"}]}}{"C142822":{"preferredName":"Anti-APRIL Monoclonal Antibody BION-1301","code":"C142822","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13; TNFSF13), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint inhibitory activities. Following administration, anti-APRIL monoclonal antibody BION-1301 binds to APRIL and inhibits its binding to both of its receptors, B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and transmembrane activator and CAML Interactor (TACI; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13B; TNFRSF13B). This inhibits the activation of both BCMA and TACI, and their downstream signaling pathways, which prevents tumor growth, tumor cell adhesion to bone marrow cells and immune suppression. Additionally, BION-1301 may reduce APRIL-induced drug resistance which occurs in some tumors. APRIL, an extracellular protein and member of the tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily (TNFSF), is expressed by bone marrow plasma cells and myeloid cells, and overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and colorectal carcinoma. APRIL induces immune suppression and tumor progression through the activation of BCMA- and TACI-dependent signaling pathways.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-A PRoliferation-Inducing Ligand Monoclonal Antibody BION-1301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-APRIL Monoclonal Antibody BION-1301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-APRIL Monoclonal Antibody BION-1301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TNFSF13 Monoclonal Antibody BION-1301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BION-1301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540711"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791698"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791698"}]}}{"C156017":{"preferredName":"Batiraxcept","code":"C156017","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble fusion protein comprised of the extracellular domain of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) AXL (UFO) fused to a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, batiraxcept selectively binds to growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS6), the endogenous ligand for AXL. This may inhibit GAS6/AXL-mediated signaling, which plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis, as well as immune evasion and resistance to other anticancer agents. AXL, a member of the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of RTKs, is overexpressed by many tumor cell types and its expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVB S6 500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVB-500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVB-S6-500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVBS6500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AXL Fc Fusion Protein AVB-S6-500","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AXL Fusion Protein AVB-S6-500","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BATIRAXCEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Batiraxcept","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Batiraxcept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUGA-S6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562760"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2268717-61-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B6840JH4EB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795349"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795349"}]}}{"C160890":{"preferredName":"Anti-AXL/PBD Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-601","code":"C160890","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), consisting of a humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL; UFO) that is site-specifically conjugated to PL1601, which contains a valine-alanine cleavable linker and SG3199, a cytotoxic pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of anti-AXL/PBD antibody-drug conjugate ADCT-60 binds to AXL, which is expressed on the surfaces of a variety of cancer cell types. Upon endocytosis and enzymatic cleavage, free PBD is released and forms highly cytotoxic DNA interstrand cross-links, thereby blocking cell division and killing AXL-expressing cancer cells. AXL, a member of the TAM (TYRO3, AXL and MER) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed by many tumor cell types, and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis; its expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ADCT-601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT 601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT-601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AXL/PBD ADC ADCT-601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-AXL/PBD Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-601","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB 601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969909"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798273"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798273"}]}}{"C122924":{"preferredName":"Anti-B7-H3 Antibody DS-5573a","code":"C122924","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody directed against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-B7-H3 antibody DS-5573a binds to the cell surface antigen B7-H3, thereby blocking B7-H3-mediated signaling. This abrogates the inhibitory effect on T-cell activation and may activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. B7-H3, a type I transmembrane protein and a member of the B7 co-stimulatory protein superfamily, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types and on various immune cells. It is a negative regulator of the T-cell activation and its overexpression plays a key role in tumor cell invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-B7-H3 Antibody DS-5573a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-5573a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474104"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763154"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763154"}]}}{"C155967":{"preferredName":"Alsevalimab","code":"C155967","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human, glycoengineered monoclonal antibody targeting B7-H4 (V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1) with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint inhibitory activities. Upon intravenous administration, alsevalimab binds to B7-H4 on the surface of tumor cells, thereby preventing B7-H4 binding to T-cells and abrogating the B7-H4-mediated negative regulation of T-cell activation. This increases a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against B7-H4-expressing tumor cells. In addition, the afucosylated Fc region of the anti-B7-H4 monoclonal antibody FPA150 enhances its binding affinity for human FcgammaRIIIa receptors (CD16) on natural killer (NK) cells, resulting in enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against B7-H4-expressing tumor cells. B7-H4, a member of the B7 family of immune modulators, is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and negatively regulates T-cell immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALSEVALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alsevalimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alsevalimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-B7-H4 Monoclonal Antibody FPA150","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPA 150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPA-150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPA150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562720"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2254029-91-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U8LYN0Y118"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795105"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795105"}]}}{"C159495":{"preferredName":"Anti-B7H3 Antibody-drug Conjugate MGC018","code":"C159495","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of an anti-B7-homolog 3 (B7-H3, CD276) humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)/kappa monoclonal antibody conjugated through reduced interchain disulfides to the cleavable linker-duocarmycin payload, valine-citrulline-seco DUocarmycin hydroxyBenzamide Azaindole (vc-seco-DUBA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of anti-B7-H3 ADC MGC018 specifically targets and binds to the cell surface antigen B7-H3, leading to internalization of the ADC by the tumor cell. The linker is cleaved inside the tumor cell by proteases at the dipeptide valine-citrulline (vc), thereby releasing the duocarmycin payload. Duocarmycin binds to the minor groove of DNA, alkylates adenine at the N3 position, and induces cell death. B7-H3, a type I transmembrane protein and a member of the B7 co-stimulatory protein superfamily, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types and on various immune cells but is minimally expressed by normal human tissues. B7-H3 is a negative regulator of T-cell activation and its overexpression plays a key role in immuno-evasion, tumor cell invasion and metastasis, and its expression is correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-B7H3 ADC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-B7H3 Antibody-drug Conjugate MGC018","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-B7H3 Antibody-drug Conjugate MGC018","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG-C018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGC 018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGC-018","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MGC018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951453"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2ZK3D69DQJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797520"}]}}{"C148176":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody SEA-BCMA","code":"C148176","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, afucosylated monoclonal antibody created using the proprietary, sugar-engineered antibody (SEA) platform and directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), with potential immunoadjuvant activity. Upon administration, the anti-BCMA antibody SEA-BCMA targets and binds to BCMA expressed on tumor cells. When administered with antibody-coupled T-cell receptor (ACTR)-expressing T-cells, the ACTR-expressing T-cells bind, with high affinity, to the anti-BCMA antibody SEA-BCMA. This activates the ACTR T-cells and the T-cells induce specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated cytotoxicity toward BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a cell surface protein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA Afucosylated Monoclonal Antibody SEA-BCMA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody SEA-BCMA","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody SEA-BCMA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEA-BCMA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEA-BCMA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550772"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3C28VJ95EV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793894"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793894"}]}}{"C162528":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate AMG 224","code":"C162528","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of an anti-human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody conjugated via the noncleavable linker 4-(N-maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylate (MCC), to the cytotoxic maytansine-derivative, DM1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of AMG 224 selectively binds to BCMA expressed on the surface of tumor cells. Upon internalization, the DM1 moiety binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics and inhibiting both cell division and proliferation of tumor cells that express BCMA. BCMA, a receptor for a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily (TNFRSF)and plays a key role in plasma cell survival; it is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate AMG 224","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate AMG 224","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971104"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C114299":{"preferredName":"Belantamab Mafodotin","code":"C114299","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of belantamab, an afucosylated, humanized monoclonal antibody, directed against the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), conjugated to mafodotin, an auristatin analogue and microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin phenylalanine (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of belantamab mafodotin, the anti-BCMA antibody moiety selectively binds to BCMA on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internalization, the MMAF moiety binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and induces tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, belantamab mafodotin induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Altogether, this results in the inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress BCMA. BCMA, a receptor for a proliferation-inducing ligand and B-cell activating factor, is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily and plays a key role in plasma cell survival; it is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. Afucosylation of the antibody moiety increases ADCC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BELANTAMAB MAFODOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Belantamab Mafodotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Belantamab Mafodotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Belantamab Mafodotin-blmf","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blenrep","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2857916","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"J6M0-mcMMAF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471808"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2050232-20-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who have received at least 4 prior therapies including an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, a proteasome inhibitor, and an immunomodulatory agent."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DB1041CXDG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758317"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758317"}]}}{"C159652":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 420","code":"C159652","definitions":[{"description":"A short half-life bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 420, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA found on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 420","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-420","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG420","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA x Anti-CD3 BiTE AMG 420","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 420","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 420","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 420","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 836909","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-836909","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI836909","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 420","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 420","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951538"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801291"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801291"}]}}{"C147028":{"preferredName":"Pavurutamab","code":"C147028","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of pavurutamab, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA found on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA x Anti-CD3 BiTE AMG 701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAVURUTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pavurutamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pavurutamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545027"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2250292-39-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GLR3JG8TZU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792377"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792377"}]}}{"C158504":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody REGN5458","code":"C158504","definitions":[{"description":"A human bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFvs): one directed again the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and another directed against the CD3 antigen expressed on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-BCMA/anti-CD3 BiTE REGN5458 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, leading to CTL-mediated killing of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA x Anti-CD3 BiTE REGN5458","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody REGN5458","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 BiTE Antibody REGN5458","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody REGN5458","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific BCMA x CD3 T-cell Engaging Antibody REGN5458","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 5458","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-5458","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN5458","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938057"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797141"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797141"}]}}{"C150127":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA/PBD ADC MEDI2228","code":"C150127","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a fully human monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA, TNFRSF17) that is site-specifically conjugated, via a protease-cleavable linker, to a cytotoxic, DNA minor groove crosslinking agent and pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-BCMA/PBD ADC MEDI2228, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen BCMA expressed on certain cancer cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization and lysosome-mediated cleavage, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. In turn, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of BCMA-overexpressing tumor cells. BCMA, a receptor for a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13; TNFSF13), and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily and plays a key role in plasma survival; it is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC MEDI2228","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA ADC MEDI2228","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/PBD ADC MEDI2228","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/PBD ADC MEDI2228","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/PBD MEDI2228","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI2228","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 2228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-2228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-2228","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MEDI2228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551921"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YQ4C0NDW44"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795378"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795378"}]}}{"C98295":{"preferredName":"Anti-c-fms Monoclonal Antibody AMG 820","code":"C98295","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody against the colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1 or M-CSF) receptor c-fms (or CSFR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-c-fms monoclonal antibody AMG 820 binds to and blocks c-fms, thereby blocking CSF-1 binding to its receptor and suppressing CSF-1-induced c-fms signaling. This results in the suppression of recruitment and activation of tumor associated macrophages (TAM) within the tumor microenvironment. This eventually leads to a decrease in tumor growth. c-fms, a transmembrane protein belonging to the tyrosine kinase family, is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and plays an essential role in macrophage differentiation and regulation of cell proliferation. The presence of TAM is correlated with tumor proliferation, invasion and a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-fms Monoclonal Antibody AMG 820","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432413"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713961"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713961"}]}}{"C125620":{"preferredName":"Anti-c-KIT Monoclonal Antibody CDX 0158","code":"C125620","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody against the stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR; KIT; CD117), with potential antineoplastic and anti-allergic activities. Upon administration, the anti-c-KIT monoclonal antibody CDX 0158 binds to and inhibits the activation of the cell surface antigen c-Kit. This leads to an inhibition of the activation of c-KIT-mediated signal transduction pathways and inhibits cell proliferation in cancer cells expressing c-Kit. In mast cells, inhibition of c-KIT and c-KIT-mediated signaling prevents mast cell activation, degranulation and subsequent cytokine release. c-Kit, a transmembrane protein and receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed in various cell types, including certain cancer cells and mast cells; it plays a key role in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-c-KIT Monoclonal Antibody CDX 0158","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-KIT Monoclonal Antibody KTN0158","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDX 0158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-0158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-0158","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CDX0158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTN 0158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTN-0158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTN0158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504322"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DF2O3JG5D2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777970"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777970"}]}}{"C146667":{"preferredName":"Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate HTI-1066","code":"C146667","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) the proto-oncogene c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of HTI-1066 targets and binds to c-Met expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the c-Met-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC HTI-1066","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate HTI-1066","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate HTI-1066","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HTI 1066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HTI-1066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544636"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792156"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792156"}]}}{"C158513":{"preferredName":"Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate TR1801","code":"C158513","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a non-agonizing anti-c-Met humanized monoclonal antibody that is linked in a site-specific manner to a pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer (PBD) toxin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to the c-Met protein, which is overexpressed in certain tumor types. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of tumor cell DNA. This induces interstrand cross-links in the minor groove of DNA and inhibits DNA replication, which inhibits the proliferation of c-Met-expressing cells. c-Met, also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-c-Met ADC TR1801","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate TR1801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate TR1801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT 8633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT-8633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TR 1801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TR-1801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TR1801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938047"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797392"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797392"}]}}{"C106262":{"preferredName":"Telisotuzumab","code":"C106262","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Telisotuzumab binds to c-Met, thereby preventing both c-Met binding to its ligand, HGF and the subsequent activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. This may cause cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-700","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ABT-700","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELISOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Telisotuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Telisotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433934"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1781223-80-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R15ZW356HN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717765"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717765"}]}}{"C113802":{"preferredName":"Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ARGX-111","code":"C113802","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody targeting c-Met, with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-c-Met monoclonal antibody ARGX-111 binds to c-Met, and blocks both ligand-dependent and -independent activation of c-Met-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, this agent enhances antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This leads to a reduction in cell proliferation of c-Met-expressing cancer cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in certain cancer cell types, is involved in cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis in multiple solid tumors. Compared to other c-Met targeting monoclonal antibodies, ARGX-111 shows increased antibody circulation time, enhanced tissue distribution and increased efficacy. ARGX-111 is obtained through active immunization with C-met antigen in Camelids and utilizes the Camelid V-domains fused with human antibody backbones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARGX-111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ARGX-111","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827162"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757660"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757660"}]}}{"C95732":{"preferredName":"Emibetuzumab","code":"C95732","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-MET) with potential antineoplastic activity. Emibetuzumab binds to c-MET, thereby preventing the binding of HGF to its receptor c-Met and subsequent activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. This may result in cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-c-MET Monoclonal Antibody LY2875358","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMIBETUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Emibetuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Emibetuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LA-480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2875358","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987383"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1365287-97-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MO4K3GDN1I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694952"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694952"}]}}{"C119619":{"preferredName":"Anti-C-met Monoclonal Antibody SAIT301","code":"C119619","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the alpha chain of the extracellular domain of human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-c-Met monoclonal antibody SAIT301 binds to c-Met, thereby preventing both binding of its ligand, HGF, and the subsequent activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. In addition, SAIT301 induces c-MET internalization and subsequent degradation, which further inhibits c-Met-mediated signaling. This leads to a reduction in the proliferation of c-Met-expressing cancer cells. c-Met, a proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in certain cancer cell types, is involved in various tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-C-met Monoclonal Antibody SAIT301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAIT301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896772"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766799"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766799"}]}}{"C116070":{"preferredName":"Lupartumab Amadotin","code":"C116070","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody against a structural homolog of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and tumor-associated antigen, C4.4a, and conjugated with a cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, lupartumab amadotin targets and binds to C4.4a-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding and cell entry, the cytotoxic agent kills the tumor cell. C4.4a, a glycolipid-anchored membrane protein and a member of the Ly-6 family, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types whereas it is minimally expressed on healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY112-9980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1129980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUPARTUMAB AMADOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lupartumab Amadotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473489"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1640972-00-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"21970JMA97"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761118"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761118"}]}}{"C163020":{"preferredName":"Avdoralimab","code":"C163020","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody targeting the C5a receptor (C5aR), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, avdoralimab specifically targets, binds to and blocks C5aR expressed on subsets of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and neutrophils. This prevents the binding of its ligand C5a to C5aR and prevents the C5aR-mediated activation and accumulation of these cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and abrogates the secretion of inflammatory and angiogenic factors by these cells. This results in the activation of T- and natural killer (NK) cells, the induction of anti-tumor immune responses and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. C5a, a factor in the complement cascade, is often overexpressed in tumors, where it attracts and activates MDSCs and neutrophils in the TME.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVDORALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anti-C5aR-215","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avdoralimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Avdoralimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH 5401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH-5401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH5401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NN 8210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973370"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2226393-85-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DW4CE8MKS9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798695"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798695"}]}}{"C125900":{"preferredName":"Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","code":"C125900","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody against the carbohydrate antigen sialyl-Lewis A (carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA19-9), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, monoclonal antibody 5B1 binds to CA19-9 and kills CA19-9-expressing tumor cells, possibly through the induction of both complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). CA19-9 is overexpressed on a number of different tumor cell types, and plays a key role in tumor cell survival and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5B1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMab 5B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMab-5B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVT-5873","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVT-5873","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504549"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KEX1QY18OH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778807"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778807"}]}}{"C95764":{"preferredName":"Anti-CA6-DM4 Immunoconjugate SAR566658","code":"C95764","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated sialoglycotope CA6 (huDS6) conjugated to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4, with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-CA6 monoclonal antibody moiety of SAR566658 targets and binds to the cell surface antigen CA6. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases DM4, which binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in inhibition of cell division and cell growth of CA6-expressing tumor cells. The CA6 epitope is found on a variety of solid tumors, including breast, ovarian, cervical, lung and pancreatic tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CA6-DM4 Immunoconjugate SAR566658","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-566658","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-566658","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SAR566658","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huDs6-DM4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421654"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UFB8CT84JS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681584"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681584"}]}}{"C121231":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD122 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Mik-Beta-1","code":"C121231","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized version of the immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody Mik-Beta-1 (Hu-Mik-Beta-1) directed against CD122, the beta-subunit shared by the interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-15 receptor (IL-2/IL-15Rbeta). Upon intravenous infusion, Hu-Mik-Beta-1 binds to CD122 expressed on certain tumor cells. This blocks the binding of the inflammatory cytokines IL-2 and IL-15 to IL-2R and IL-15R, respectively, and prevents IL-2/IL-2R- and IL-15/IL-15R-mediated signaling. This may inhibit the proliferation of CD122-expressing tumor cells. In addition, blocking CD122 on T-lymphocytes prevents the over-activation of T-lymphocytes in various T-cell mediated autoimmune diseases, which is predominantly mediated by IL-15/IL-15R signaling. CD122, involved in both IL-2 and IL-15 signaling, is overexpressed on certain cancer cells, such as those found in T-cell large granular lymphocyte (T-LGL) leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD122 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Mik-Beta-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD122 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Mik-Beta-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu-Mik-Beta-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu-Mik-beta1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu-Mikb1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMikBeta1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Mik-beta-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055462"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C143251":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123 ADC IMGN632","code":"C143251","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a humanized anti-CD123 (interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptor alpha chain; IL3RA) immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to a cytotoxic, DNA-alkylating payload, which is an indolino-benzodiazepine dimer containing an imine moiety, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD123 ADC IMGN632, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD123. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization, and lysosome uptake, the cytotoxic moiety is released, and covalently binds to and alkylates DNA with its imine moiety. This results in cell cycle arrest in S-phase, which leads to apoptosis and inhibition of cell growth in cells overexpressing CD123. CD123, the alpha subunit of the IL-3 receptor, regulates the proliferation, survival and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. CD123 is overexpressed on a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD123 ADC IMGN632","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123 ADC IMGN632","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate IMGN632","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123-targeted ADC IMGN632","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN 632","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN-632","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN632","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541645"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792150"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792150"}]}}{"C91093":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123 Monoclonal Antibody CSL360","code":"C91093","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody against CD123 (Interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain) with potential antineoplastic activity. Derived from mouse monoclonal antibody 7G3, anti-CD123 monoclonal antibody CSL360 binds to and neutralizes CD123 which is upregulated on leukemic stem cells (LSC) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This may inhibit IL-3-dependent signalling and proliferation and may prevent the uncontrolled growth and differentiation of mutated LSC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD123 Monoclonal Antibody CSL360","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSL360","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832015"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529287"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529287"}]}}{"C123380":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123 Monoclonal Antibody KHK2823","code":"C123380","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody against CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD123 monoclonal antibody KHK2823 binds to and neutralizes CD123, which is upregulated on leukemic stem cells (LSC) found in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This agent may inhibit IL-3-dependent signaling and proliferation and may prevent the uncontrolled growth and differentiation of mutated LSC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD123 Monoclonal Antibody KHK2823","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KHK2823","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474096"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762775"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762775"}]}}{"C127120":{"preferredName":"Vibecotamab","code":"C127120","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-CD123/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody, in which most of the naturally-occurring Fc domain is maintained, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Vibecotamab possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD123, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of vibecotamab, this bispecific antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and CD123-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CD123-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated cell lysis of CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123, the interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain, is overexpressed in a variety of hematological malignancies; its expression is low or absent in normal hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells. The Fc domain on the antibody prolongs the half-life of the bispecific antibody and enhances T-cell mediated tumor cell killing through its binding to the Fc receptors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD123/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb14045","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VIBECOTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vibecotamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vibecotamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb14045","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507910"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2138442-13-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JD56EJA59S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780966"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780966"}]}}{"C129457":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123-Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Dimer Antibody Drug Conjugate SGN-CD123A","code":"C129457","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an anti-CD123 humanized monoclonal antibody conjugated, via a stable maleimidocaproyl-valine-alanine dipeptide protease-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic, DNA minor-groove crosslinking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD123 ADC SGN-CD123A, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD123. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization, and lysosome uptake, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. In turn, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of CD123-overexpressing tumor cells. CD123, the alpha subunit of the IL-3 receptor, regulates the proliferation, survival and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. CD123 is overexpressed on a variety of cancers, including myeloid leukemia, and increased expression of CD123 on leukemic stem cells is associated with poor prognosis. Cysteine engineering of the monoclonal antibody (EC-mAb) allows for a site-specific, stable conjugation and uniform loading of the PBD agent to the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123 ADC SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123-PBD ADC SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123-Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Dimer Antibody Drug Conjugate SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123-Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Dimer Antibody Drug Conjugate SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN CD123A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD123A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512667"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"89ATB9I3D2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784132"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784132"}]}}{"C157257":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody APVO436","code":"C157257","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin Fc-modified bispecific monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD123 and the human T-cell surface antigen CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD123/CD3 monoclonal antibody APVO436 simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and CD123-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CD123-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in the activation and proliferation of T-cells and causes CTL-mediated cell lysis of CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123, the interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain, is overexpressed in a variety of hematological malignancies; its expression is low or absent in normal hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells. The Fc domain on the antibody prolongs the half-life of the bispecific antibody. Compared to some other CD123 x CD3 targeting bispecific antibodies, APVO436 causes less cytokine release upon T-cell stimulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APVO 436","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APVO-436","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APVO-436","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"APVO436","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody APVO436","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody APVO436","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody APVO436","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Anti-CD123 x Anti-CD3 Antibody APVO436","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123 x CD3 Targeting Bispecific Antibody APVO436","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936868"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DNP8BBW84R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796808"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796808"}]}}{"C128486":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63709178","code":"C128486","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized anti-CD123/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD123/CD3 bispecific antibody JNJ-63709178 possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD123, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of JNJ-63709178, this bispecific antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and CD123-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CD123-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated cell lysis of CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123, the interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers; its expression is low or absent in normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63709178","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63709178","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized CD123 x CD3 DuoBody JNJ-63709178","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-63709178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507949"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782366"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782366"}]}}{"C160348":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 BiTE Antibody SAR440234","code":"C160348","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody comprised of a humanized Fc-silenced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) backbone and two single-chain variable fragments (scFvs): one directed against the CD3 antigen expressed on T-lymphocytes and another directed against the alpha-chain of the interleukin-3 receptor (IL-3RA; CD123), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous infusion, anti-CD123/CD3 BiTE antibody SAR440234 binds to both CD3 expressed on T-cells and CD123 expressed on tumor cells. This activates and redirects cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) to CD123-expressing tumor cells, leading to enhanced CTL-mediated elimination of CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123 is overexpressed in a variety of hematological malignancies; its expression is low or absent in normal hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 BiTE Antibody SAR440234","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123/CD3 BiTE Antibody SAR440234","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody SAR440234","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123xCD3 Bispecific T-cell Engager SAR440234","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 440234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-440234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR440234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969414"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798327"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798327"}]}}{"C160715":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ADG106","code":"C160715","definitions":[{"description":"A human agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody ADG106 binds to and activates CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances CD137-mediated signaling, induces cytokine production and promotes T-cell mediated anti-tumor immune responses. CD137, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-1BB-directed Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ADG106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADG 106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADG-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADG-106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ADG106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-4-1BB Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ADG106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ADG106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD137-directed Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ADG106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969811"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I4QM8E7Y2R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797894"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797894"}]}}{"C162039":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody CTX-471","code":"C162039","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody CTX-471 binds to and activates CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances CD137-mediated signaling, induces cytokine production and promotes T-cell mediated anti-tumor immune responses. CD137, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-4-1BB Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody CTX-471","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody CTX-471","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody CTX-471","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTX 471","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTX-471","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTX471","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970637"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798594"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798594"}]}}{"C120317":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD157 Monoclonal Antibody MEN1112","code":"C120317","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, Fc engineered, de-fucosylated monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1 (BST1/CD157), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, anti-CD157 monoclonal antibody MEN1112 specifically binds to and induces an antibody dependent cell cytotoxic (ADCC) response against CD157-expressing tumor cells. CD157, also known as ADP-ribosyl cyclase 2, is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored transmembrane protein belonging to the ADP-ribosyl-cyclase family and is overexpressed on certain cancer cell types. Fc-optimization of MEN1112, which involves the removal of fucose residues from its Fc domain, allows for enhanced Fc-gamma receptor binding on effector cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, and further enhances tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD157 Monoclonal Antibody MEN1112","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN1112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896815"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768862"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768862"}]}}{"C134697":{"preferredName":"Praluzatamab Ravtansine","code":"C134697","definitions":[{"description":"A probody drug conjugate (PDC) composed of a recombinant antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD166, which is masked by a cleavable masking peptide, and conjugated to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid DM4, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of praluzatamab ravtansine and migration to the tumor microenvironment (TME), the cleavable masking peptide, which prevent anti-CD166 antibody binding to the CD166 expressed on both normal cells and tumor cells, is proteolytically cleaved by tumor-associated proteases that are specifically present in the TME. This enables the anti-CD166 antibody moiety of CX-2009 to selectively bind to, be internalized by, and deliver DM4 into CD166-expressing tumor cells. Following internalization, DM4 is released, binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in inhibition of cell division and cell growth of CD166-expressing tumor cells. The masking peptide prevents binding of the anti-CD166 antibody to CD166 in normal tissues, thereby minimizing toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC CX-2009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD166-DM4 CX-2009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-2009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDC CX-2009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRALUZATAMAB RAVTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Praluzatamab Ravtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522231"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2145115-85-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RD2I59M9FC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789027"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789027"}]}}{"C126377":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD19B","code":"C126377","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an anti-CD19 humanized monoclonal antibody (hBU12ec) with engineered cysteines (EC-mAb) conjugated, via a maleimidocaproyl-valine-alanine dipeptide protease-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic, DNA minor-groove crosslinking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer (SGD-1882), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD19 ADC SGN-CD19B, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD19, which is found on B-cell-derived cancers. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization and lysosome uptake, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. In turn, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of CD19-overexpressing tumor cells. CD19, a transmembrane receptor belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily and a B-cell specific antigen, is expressed on B-cell-derived cancers. The cysteine engineering of the EC-mAb allows for a site-specific and stable conjugation of PBD to the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SGN-CD19B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD19B","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD19B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN CD19B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD19B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504928"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779706"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779706"}]}}{"C105805":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody DI-B4","code":"C105805","definitions":[{"description":"A low-fucosylated, humanized, IgG1 isotype, monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody DI-B4 binds to CD19, which may result in a strong antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) directed at CD19-expressing B-cells but with minimal complement dependent cytotoxicity. DI-B4 contains low levels of fucose, which contributes to its enhanced ADCC activity. CD19 is a B-cell specific membrane antigen that is widely expressed during B-cell development and in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody DI-B4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DI-B4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-CD19 MoAb DI-B4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447157"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747738"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747738"}]}}{"C74003":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1342","code":"C74003","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD-19 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody MDX-1342 binds to CD19, depleting and eliminating CD19-expressing B-cells. CD19 is widely expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B-cell to early plasma cell stages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1342","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1342","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-1342","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346795"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586439"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586439"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD19_Monoclonal_Antibody_MDX-1342"}]}}{"C88283":{"preferredName":"Inebilizumab","code":"C88283","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD-19 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Inebilizumab binds to CD19, which may result in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) to CD19-expressing B-cells. The Fc portion of inebilizumab does not contain a fucose sugar moiety, which may contribute to its enhanced ADCC activity. CD19 is a membrane antigen that is widely expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B-cell to early plasma cell stages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INEBILIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inebilizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inebilizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-551","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981806"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1299440-37-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"74T7185BMM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656851"}]}}{"C95768":{"preferredName":"Tafasitamab","code":"C95768","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc engineered, humanized anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities.Tafasitamab targets and binds to CD19, thereby depleting and eliminating CD19-expressing B-cells. The modified Fc region of XmAb5574 increases binding affinity to Fc-gamma receptors of effector cells and thereby enhances antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis (ADCP). CD19 is widely expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B-cell to early plasma cell stages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin, Anti-(Human Cd19 Antigen) (Human-mus musculus Monoclonal MOR00208 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-mus musculus Monoclonal MOR00208 .Kappa.-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOR-00208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOR00208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOR208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monjuvi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAFASITAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tafasitamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tafasitamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tafasitamab-cxix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb5574","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421662"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1422527-84-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QQA9MLH692"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682091"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682091"}]}}{"C71009":{"preferredName":"Coltuximab Ravtansine","code":"C71009","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of an anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody conjugated to the maytansinoid DM4, a derivative of the cytotoxic agent maytansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Coltuximab ravtansine targets the cell surface antigen CD19, found on a number of B-cell-derived cancers. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases DM4, which binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in inhibition of cell division and cell growth of CD19-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19-DM4 Immunoconjugate SAR3419","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COLTUXIMAB RAVTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Coltuximab Ravtansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Coltuximab Ravtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR3419","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346794"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1269764-99-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MRS84YT9L2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574048"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574048"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD19-DM4_Conjugate"}]}}{"C82375":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19/Anti-CD22 Bispecific Immunotoxin DT2219ARL","code":"C82375","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of B-cell cancer. It contains an antibody linked to a toxic substance. The antibody binds to proteins called CD19 and CD22 on the surface of B cells, and the toxic substance kills the cells. It is a type of bispecific ligand-directed toxin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An immunotoxin consisting of two scFv ligands recognizing human CD19 and CD22 linked to the first 389 amino acids of diphtheria toxin (DT), DT 390, with potential antineoplastic activity. The VH and VL regions of anti-CD22 (sFv) and anti-CD19 are reversed and linked by an aggregration stabilizing linker (ARL) consisting of a 20 amino acid segment of human muscle aldolase (hma) and an Xho1-compatible restriction site; the CDR3 region of the VH of anti-CD22 sFv is mutated to enhance its affinity. The anti-CD19 and anti CD-22 portions of the immunotoxin specifically bind to CD19 and CD22 receptors on tumor B cells. Upon internalization, DT catalyzes ADP ribosylation of elongation factor 2 (EF-2) which may result in the irreversible inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death in CD19- and CD22-expressing tumor cells. CD19 and CD22 are transmembrane proteins upregulated on malignant B cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19/Anti-CD22 Bispecific Immunotoxin DT2219ARL","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/Anti-CD22 Bispecific Immunotoxin DT2219ARL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD22 BLT DT2219ARL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DT2219ARL","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DT2219ARL immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408648"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641179"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641179"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD19_Anti-CD22_Bispecific_Immunotoxin_DT2219ARL"}]}}{"C153215":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 562","code":"C153215","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19, and another that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 562 binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD19 antigen expressed on malignant B-cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to CD19-expressing tumor cells, resulting in CTL-mediated killing of tumor cells. CD19 is a membrane antigen that is widely expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B-cell to early plasma cell stages","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 562","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-562","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG562","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 562","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 562","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 562","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 562","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD19/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 562","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554338"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794049"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794049"}]}}{"C115101":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19/CD3 Tetravalent Antibody AFM11","code":"C115101","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-CD19/anti-CD3 bispecific tetravalent antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD19/CD3 tetravalent antibody AFM11 possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD19, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of B-cells. Upon bolus infusion of AFM11, this bispecific antibody binds to CD3-expressing T-cells and CD19-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CD19-expressing tumor B-cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in a potent CTL-mediated cell lysis of CD19-expressing B-lymphocytes. CD19, a B-cell specific membrane antigen, is expressed during both B-cell development and B-cell malignant growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFM11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD3 Tetravalent Antibody AFM11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472632"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759829"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759829"}]}}{"C155899":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody B001","code":"C155899","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody B001 specifically binds to CD20 on the surfaces of B-cells. Although the exact mechanisms through which B001 exert its effects have not been elucidated, B001 may induce a B-cell directed cell-mediated immune response against CD20-expressing B-cells and/or prevent CD20-medaited signaling. This induces tumor cell apoptosis and inhibits proliferation. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein which is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and which is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody B001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562774"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794877"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794877"}]}}{"C90590":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody PRO131921","code":"C90590","definitions":[{"description":"A third-generation, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody PRO131921 specifically binds to the B cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20. This may result in the induction of a B cell-directed complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B cells leading to B cell apoptosis. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein which is exclusively expressed on B cells during most stages of B cell development and which is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody PRO131921","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody PRO131921","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRO131921","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2934873"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543157"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543157"}]}}{"C122680":{"preferredName":"Ripertamab","code":"C122680","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20, with potential antineoplastic activity. Ripertamab binds to the B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, which triggers an immune response against CD20-positive B-cells, leading to apoptosis. CD20, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein, is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody SCT400","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIPERTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ripertamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCT400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053591"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2249927-04-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"URS0374MIV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772859"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772859"}]}}{"C94206":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody TL011","code":"C94206","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody TL011 specifically binds to the B cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20 antigen (MS4A1; membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 1), thereby potentially triggering an immune response against CD20-positive B cells, leading to B cell apoptosis. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B cells during most stages of B cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody TL011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426019"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686495"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686495"}]}}{"C123915":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody-Interferon-alpha Fusion Protein IGN002","code":"C123915","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20 and fused to the recombinant cytokine, interferon-alpha (IFN-a), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody-interferon alpha fusion protein IGN002, the antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to CD20. In turn, the IFN-a moiety binds to the IFN receptor, and activates IFN-mediated signal transduction, which induces the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate anticancer effects. This results in the induction of both G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CD20-expressing tumor cells. In addition, IGN002 causes the induction of complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B-cells, which leads to B-cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CD20, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development, is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody-IFN-a Fusion Protein IGN002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody-Interferon-alpha Fusion Protein IGN002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody-Interferon-alpha Fusion Protein IGN002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGN-002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IGN002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498279"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N7FO1V18PR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775840"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775840"}]}}{"C120546":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20-engineered Toxin Body MT-3724","code":"C120546","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered toxin body (ETB) composed of the single-chain variable fragment (ScFv) from an antibody targeting CD20 that is linked to a modified form of the ribosome-inactivating alpha subunit of Shiga-like toxin 1 (Shiga-like Toxin-1 A or SLT-1A), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the ScFv moiety of anti-CD20-engineered toxin body MT-3724 targets and binds to the CD20 antigen expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization, the SLT-1A moiety is released and acts as an N-glycosidase, which binds to and cleaves an adenine nucleobase in the 28S RNA component of the 60S subunit of ribosomes and prevents ribosome activity. This inhibits protein synthesis and eventually leads to apoptosis of CD20-expressing tumor cells. CD20, a B-cell specific transmembrane protein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is expressed during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20-engineered Toxin Body MT-3724","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20-engineered Toxin Body MT-3724","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT-3724","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053580"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769207"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769207"}]}}{"C165166":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20/Anti-CD3 Bispecific IgM Antibody IGM2323","code":"C165166","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered immunoglobulin M (IgM) bispecific antibody, with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD20/CD3 bispecific IgM antibody IGM2323 contains ten high affinity binding domains for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20, and one binding domain for CD3, a T-cell surface antigen. Upon administration, IGM2323 binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. Additionally, IGM-2323 induces complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) to a greater extent than anti-CD20/anti-CD3 IgG bispecific antibodies, thereby further enhancing the killing CD20-expressing tumor cells. The extra binding units of IGM-2323 may bind cancer cells that express relatively low amounts of CD20. Also, compared to IgG format bispecific T-cell engaging antibodies, IGM2323 appears to induce less cytokine release, which may reduce the risk of cytokine release syndrome (CRS). CD20 is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20/Anti-CD3 Bispecific IgM Antibody IGM2323","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20/Anti-CD3 Bispecific IgM Antibody IGM2323","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific CD20xCD3 IgM Antibody IGM2323","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific IgM Antibody IGM2323","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGM 2323","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGM-2323","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGM-2323","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IGM2323","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IgM Pentamer IGM2323","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978274"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F3HG38I0T1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799710"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799710"}]}}{"C119615":{"preferredName":"Odronextamab","code":"C119615","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific, human monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD20/CD3 monoclonal antibody REGN1979 contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, odronextamab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing tumor B-cells, which cross-links the T-cells to tumor cells, and may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD20-expressing tumor B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody REGN1979","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODRONEXTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Odronextamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Odronextamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN1979","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 11035","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896743"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1801338-64-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8R5CM46UIO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766653"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766653"}]}}{"C130050":{"preferredName":"Plamotamab","code":"C130050","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific, Fc domain-containing, monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Plamotamab contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, plamotamab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. Inclusion of an Fc domain on the antibody prolongs the half-life of the bispecific antibody and enhances T-cell-mediated tumor cell killing because the agent is able to bind to Fc receptors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLAMOTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Plamotamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plamotamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb13676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514016"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2138442-31-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5ENX424FNF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785610"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785610"}]}}{"C156882":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD22 ADC TRPH-222","code":"C156882","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an anti-CD22 humanized monoclonal antibody site-specifically conjugated to, via formylglycine (FG) residues and a protease insensitive 4AP linker, a cytotoxic microtubule-targeting maytansinoid payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of TRPH-222 binds to B-cell-specific CD22 receptors and is rapidly internalized, thereby delivering the payload intracellularly. Upon proteolytic cleavage, the maytansinoid payload binds to tubulin, disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, inhibiting both cell division and tumor cell proliferation. CD22, a cell surface sialoglycoprotein, is expressed on mature B-cells and on most malignant B-cells. The site specific and stable conjugation to the payload allows for a higher drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR) and an enhanced therapeutic index.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD22 ADC TRPH-222","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD22 ADC TRPH-222","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD22 Antibody-drug Conjugate TRPH-222","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD22-4AP ADC TRPH-222","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAT-02-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRPH 222","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRPH-222","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRPH-222","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TRPH222","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935995"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"00NT1ETN9K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796465"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796465"}]}}{"C104167":{"preferredName":"Pinatuzumab Vedotin","code":"C104167","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of MCDT2219A, a humanized IgG1 anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody covalently linked, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of pinatuzumab vedotin binds to B cell-specific CD22 receptors and is rapidly internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Upon proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. CD22, a cell surface glycoprotein, is expressed on mature B-cells and on most malignant B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DCDT2980S","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-Drug Conjugate DCDT2980S","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCDT2980S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PINATUZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pinatuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pinatuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641731"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1313706-14-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6KA1906BLC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686534"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686534"}]}}{"C121949":{"preferredName":"Camidanlumab Tesirine","code":"C121949","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the alpha subunit of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R alpha or CD25) and conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to a synthetic, cross-linking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer that targets DNA minor grooves, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of the anti-CD25 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) ADCT-301 specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD25. This causes the internalization of ADCT-301 and the subsequent release of the cytotoxic PBD moiety. The imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces interstrand cross-links in the minor groove of DNA and inhibits DNA replication, which inhibits the proliferation of CD25-overexpressing tumor cells. CD25, a transmembrane receptor and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is expressed on certain cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ADCT-301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAMIDANLUMAB TESIRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Camidanlumab Tesirine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Camidanlumab Tesirine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053683"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1853239-04-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LYJ1AEJ9YH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771992"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771992"}]}}{"C150677":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD26 Monoclonal Antibody YS110","code":"C150677","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (CD26; DPP4; DPP IV), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD26 monoclonal antibody YS110, this antibody targets and binds to CD26 expressed on tumor cells. This inhibits CD26 activity and causes internalization of CD26-YS110. This leads to cell cycle arrest, lysis and inhibition of growth in CD26-positive tumor cells. YS110 also induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) against CD26-expressing tumor cells. CD26, a 110-kDa, type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types while absent in normal, healthy cells and plays a key role in tumor cell growth, migration, invasion and survival. It also plays a major role in the regulation of T-cell activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD26 Monoclonal Antibody YS110","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YS110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552568"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793089"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793089"}]}}{"C106266":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD27L Antibody-Drug Conjugate AMG 172","code":"C106266","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against CD27L conjugated, via a non-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid DM1, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of this immunoconjugate binds to CD27L on tumor cell surfaces. After internalization, the DM1 moiety binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics and inhibiting both cell division and proliferation of cancer cells that express CD27L. CD27L, a type II transmembrane protein and member of the tumor necrosis factor family, is a co-stimulatory molecule constitutively expressed on a subset of activated T-cells, B-cells, and dendritic cells, which is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-172","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anti-CD27L Antibody-Drug Conjugate AMG 172","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD27L Antibody-Drug Conjugate AMG 172","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433957"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B6M586T6SD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721679"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721679"}]}}{"C74004":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD3 Immunotoxin A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1)","code":"C74004","definitions":[{"description":"A bivalent recombinant fusion protein immunotoxin derived from the anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody UCHT1 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD3 immunotoxin A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1) consists of 1-390 amino acid residues of chain A diphtheria toxin (DT) joined via a spacer to the Fv fragment of UCHT1, which is connected to a second UCHT1 Fv fragment via a disulfide bond (hence the \"bisFv\" designation); the addition of the second Fv fragment overcomes the steric hindrance of immunotoxin binding due to the large N-terminal DT domain. Once inside target T cells, the DT moiety catalyzes the transfer of the ADP-ribose moiety of NAD to diphthamide, a posttranslationally modified histidine residue found in elongation factor 2 (EF-2); inactivation of EF-2, disruption of polypeptide chain elongation, and cell death ensue. CD3 is a complex of five cell-surface polypeptides associated with the T cell receptor (TCR) complex.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1)","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3 Immunotoxin A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3 Immunotoxin A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RESIMMUNE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Resimmune","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383887"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P7MQ9ZOQ82"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"588895"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"588895"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD3_Immunotoxin_A-dmDT390-bisFv_UCHT1"}]}}{"C136823":{"preferredName":"Teclistamab","code":"C136823","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on plasma cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, teclistamab binds to both CD3 on T-cells and BCMA expressed on malignant plasma cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against BCMA-expressing plasma cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ 64007957","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-64007957","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ64007957","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TECLISTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teclistamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Teclistamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524654"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2119595-80-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"54534MX6Z9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789710"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789710"}]}}{"C146860":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-BCMA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody PF-06863135","code":"C146860","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on plasma cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD3/anti-BCMA bispecific monoclonal antibody PF-06863135 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and BCMA expressed on malignant plasma cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against BCMA-expressing plasma cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-BCMA Bispecific Antibody PF-06863135","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-BCMA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody PF-06863135","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-BCMA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody PF-06863135","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-cell Maturation Antigen-CD3 Bispecific Antibody PF-06863135","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA x CD3 Bispecific Antibody PF-06863135","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA-CD3 Bispecific Ab PF-06863135","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06863135","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06863135","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06863135","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PF06863135","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544825"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L0HR9A577V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792267"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792267"}]}}{"C95760":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-CD20 Trifunctional Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody FBTA05","code":"C95760","definitions":[{"description":"A trifunctional bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. FBTA05 contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen; and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen that is exclusively expressed on B cells during most stages of B cell development and often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. In addition, the modified Fc portion of this antibody binds Fc receptors on antigen presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). FBTA05 brings T cells, CD20-expressing tumor B-cells and APCs together into tricellular complexes, which may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. Fc-mediated binding of APCs in the tricellular complex potentiates CD20 antigen presentation to T cells and the activation of anti-tumor cytotoxic T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-CD20 Trifunctional Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody FBTA05","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FBTA05","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421602"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675323"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675323"}]}}{"C147534":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-GPRC5D Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody JNJ-64407564","code":"C147534","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-GPRC5D Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody JNJ-64407564","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Mon Jan 25 15:54:05 EST 2021 - See 'Talquetamab(C171840)'"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C28227"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545429"}]}}{"C163022":{"preferredName":"Epcoritamab","code":"C163022","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Epcoritamab contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, epcoritamab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the CD20-expressing tumor B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20/CD3 Bispecific Antibody GEN3013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 Antibody GEM 333","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DuoBody-CD3xCD20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPCORITAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Epcoritamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN 3013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN-3013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN3013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973375"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2134641-34-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D6OMY2L0WA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798973"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798973"}]}}{"C153147":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD3/CD38 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMG 424","code":"C153147","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, bispecific monoclonal antibody (BsAb) targeting CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and CD38, a human cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD3/CD38 bispecific monoclonal antibody AMG 424 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and CD38 expressed on tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies; its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3 x Anti-CD38 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMG 424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-CD38 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMG 424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/CD38 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMG 424","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/CD38 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMG 424","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD3xCD38 BsAb AMG 424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554400"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793935"}]}}{"C77886":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1401","code":"C77886","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human, second-generation, nonfucosylated monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD30 with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody MDX-1401 specifically binds to the CD30 antigen, which may result in a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD30-expressing tumor cells. CD30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on activated lymphocytes transiently and is constitutively expressed in hematologic malignancies including Hodgkin's disease and some T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Compared to conventional antibodies, deletion of fucose molecules on the antibody backbone, as is done in MDX-1401, may result in an increased affinity for Fc receptors and an enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1401","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-1401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703085"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592962"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592962"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD30_Monoclonal_Antibody_MDX-1401"}]}}{"C74005":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb2513","code":"C74005","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD30 with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody XmAb2513 specifically binds to the CD30 antigen, which may result in a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD30-expressing tumor cells. CD30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on activated lymphocytes transiently and is constitutively expressed in hematologic malignancies including Hodgkin's disease and some T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb2513","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb2513","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMAB-2513","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"XmAb2513","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383523"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"33VWC847G8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589299"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589299"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD30_Monoclonal_Antibody_XmAb2513"}]}}{"C94219":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD30/CD16A Monoclonal Antibody AFM13","code":"C94219","definitions":[{"description":"A tetravalent bispecific antibody directed against human CD30 and the human low affinity IgG Fc region receptor (FCGR3A; CD16A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD30/CD16A monoclonal antibody AFM13 binds to the CD16A expressed on natural killer (NK) cells with two of its binding sites and to CD30 on CD30-expressing tumor cells with the other two binding sites, thereby selectively cross-linking tumor and NK cells. This may result in NK cell activation, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and eventually tumor cell lysis. CD30, a cell surface receptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is overexpressed in hematologic malignancies; CD16A is specifically expressed on the surface of NK cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFM13","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30/CD16A Monoclonal Antibody AFM13","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30/CD16A Monoclonal Antibody AFM13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426032"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687622"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687622"}]}}{"C156458":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD32B Monoclonal Antibody BI-1206","code":"C156458","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the Fc gamma receptor IIB (FcgRIIB; CD32B) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD32B monoclonal antibody BI-1206 selectively binds to CD32B, a receptor expressed on the surface of B-cells. This prevents CD32B-mediated internalization of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, such as rituximab, which abrogates tumor cell resistance caused by CD32B-mediated monoclonal antibody internalization and degradation of CD32B-expressing B-cells. By blocking CD32B, BI-1206 may recover and enhance the activity of rituximab and other anti CD20 monoclonal antibodies. In addition, BI-1206 itself activates the immune system to exert an immune-mediated tumor cell death of B-cells. CD32B, an inhibitory member of the FcgammaR family, is implicated in immune cell desensitization and tumor cell resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD32B Monoclonal Antibody BI-1206","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD32B Monoclonal Antibody BI-1206","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-hFcgRIIB Monoclonal Antibody BI-1206","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-hFcgammaRIIB mAb BI-1206","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 1206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-1206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-1206","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BI1206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563195"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"24S6PA0WXW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795804"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795804"}]}}{"C125717":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33 Antibody-drug Conjugate IMGN779","code":"C125717","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody Z4681A conjugated, via a cleavable disulfide linker, to the cytotoxic DNA alkylating agent DGN462, which is an indolino-benzodiazepine dimer containing a mono-imine moiety, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody-DGN462 conjugate IMGN779 specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD33 expressed on myeloid leukemia cells; upon internalization, the DGN462 moiety is released, and covalently binds to and alkylates DNA, thereby causing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and inhibition of cell growth in myeloid leukemia cells that express CD33. CD33 is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and myeloid leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC IMGN779","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33 ADC IMGN779","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Antibody-drug Conjugate IMGN779","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Antibody-drug Conjugate IMGN779","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN-779","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IMGN779","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504373"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YE6R3UY9IV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778810"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778810"}]}}{"C135632":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33 Antigen/CD3 Receptor Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMV564","code":"C135632","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-CD33/anti-CD3 bispecific tetravalent antibody, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD33/CD3 tetravalent bispecific monoclonal antibody AMV564 possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD33, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of a variety of tumor cell types. Upon infusion of AMV564, this bispecific antibody binds to CD3-expressing T-cells and CD33-expressing tumor cells, thereby crosslinking CD33-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in a potent CTL-mediated cell lysis of CD33-expressing cells. CD33, a glycoprotein expressed by a variety of cancers, including the majority of acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs), and normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells, plays a key role in tumor initiation, proliferation and progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMV 564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMV-564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMV-564","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AMV564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Antigen/CD3 Receptor Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMV564","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Antigen/CD3 Receptor Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMV564","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD33 x CD3 Tandem Diabody AMV-56","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD33/CD3 TandAbs AMV564","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522987"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"56FUB33G5M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789017"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789017"}]}}{"C116737":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836858","code":"C116737","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered, fully human, immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody BI 836858 induces an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD33-expressing tumor cells, leading to cell death. CD33, a cell surface antigen expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells, is overexpressed on myeloid leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836858","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836858","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 836858","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-836858","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446627"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JA7I0QFJ17"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737148"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737148"}]}}{"C71523":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Conjugate AVE9633","code":"C71523","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody huMy9-6 conjugated to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4 with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody-DM4 conjugate AVE9633 specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD33 expressed on myeloid leukemia cells; upon internalization, the DM4 moiety is released, binds tubulin, and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in the inhibition of cell division and cell growth in myeloid leukemia cells that express CD33. CD33 is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells as well as on myeloid leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Conjugate AVE9633","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL378287"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575732"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575732"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD33-DM4_Conjugate"}]}}{"C155970":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody GEM 333","code":"C155970","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody possessing two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CD33/CD3 bispecific antibody GEM 333, this bispecific antibody binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD33 antigen found on CD33-expressing tumor cells, thereby crosslinking tumor cells and CTLs. This activates and redirects CTLs to CD33-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33, a myeloid differentiation antigen, is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It plays a key role in tumor initiation, proliferation and progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD33 Bispecific Antibody GEM 333","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody GEM 333","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 Antibody GEM 333","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody GEM 333","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEM 333","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEM-333","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEM333","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562715"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795023"}]}}{"C162296":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-67571244","code":"C162296","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody possessing two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD33/CD3 bispecific antibody JNJ-67571244 binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD33 antigen expressed on certain tumor cells, thereby crosslinking tumor cells and CTLs. This activates and redirects CTLs to CD33-expressing tumor cells, which results in CTL-mediated killing of CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33, a myeloid differentiation antigen, is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It plays a key role in tumor initiation, proliferation and progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-67571244","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-67571244","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 67571244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-67571244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ67571244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970869"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798705"}]}}{"C123332":{"preferredName":"Eluvixtamab","code":"C123332","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary recombinant bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33 fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of eluvixtamab, this bispecific antibody binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD33 antigen found on CD33-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to CD33-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33, a myeloid differentiation antigen, is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and overexpressed on neoplastic cells in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD33/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELUVIXTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eluvixtamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eluvixtamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3851031"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1679391-73-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6Z4B5PJ4OP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775135"}]}}{"C147026":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 673","code":"C147026","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33 fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 673 binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD33 antigen found on CD33-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to CD33-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33, a myeloid differentiation antigen, is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It plays a key role in tumor initiation, proliferation and progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 673","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-673","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG673","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33 x Anti-CD3 BiTE AMG 673","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 673","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD33/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 673","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 673","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 673","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD33/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 673","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545041"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792374"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792374"}]}}{"C131174":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD352 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD352A","code":"C131174","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an engineered cysteine humanized monoclonal antibody (EC-mAb) targeting CD352 (SLAM family member 6; SLAM6) that is conjugated to the cytotoxic, DNA minor-groove crosslinking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD352 ADC SGN-CD352A, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD352. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization, and lysosome uptake, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. In turn, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of CD352-overexpressing tumor cells. CD352, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on a variety of cancers. Cysteine engineering of the monoclonal antibody allows for a site-specific, stable conjugation and uniform loading of the PBD agent to the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD352 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD352 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBD Dimer ADC SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBD-based Anti-CD352 ADC SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBD-based Anti-CD352 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD352A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513495"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZX1I49XP7L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785477"}]}}{"C100101":{"preferredName":"Naratuximab Emtansine","code":"C100101","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate that consists of a humanized IgG1 antibody K7153A against the cell-surface antigen CD37 and covalently linked via the uncleavable, maleimide-derived thioether-based linker SMCC to the maytansinoid DM1, with potential pro-apoptotic and cytotoxic activities. Upon administration of naratuximab emtansine, the antibody moiety of IMGN529 binds to CD37 on tumor B-cells and induces an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), thereby showing pro-apoptotic activity. In addition, after the internalization of this agent and lysosomal degradation, the DM1 moiety binds to tubulin and inhibits tubulin polymerization and microtubule assembly, resulting in a disruption of microtubule activity and cell division, and eventually causing cell death in CD37-positive B-cells. CD37, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Compared to reducible, cleavable linkers, the non-reducible SMCC linker shows increased stability in plasma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMGN529","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP 529","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP-529","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP529","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NARATUXIMAB EMTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Naratuximab Emtansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Naratuximab Emtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3639093"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1607824-64-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WE1X5A83B9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"727107"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"727107"}]}}{"C119700":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD37 MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS67E","code":"C119700","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of AGS67C, a human anti-CD37 monoclonal antibody covalently linked, via reduced cysteines and a protease cleavable linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of AGS67E binds to CD37 antigens on tumor B-cells and is rapidly internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Upon proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M checkpoint arrest and apoptosis in CD37-expressing tumor cells. CD37, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS67E","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD37 MMAE ADC AGS67E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD37 MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS67E","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD37 MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS67E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896733"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762606"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762606"}]}}{"C122833":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD37 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836826","code":"C122833","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-engineered, chimeric immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD37, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-CD37 monoclonal antibody BI 836826 both activates the immune system to induce an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD37-overexpressing tumor cells and induces apoptosis in these tumor cells. BI 836826 is Fc-engineered to improve ADCC activity and enhance affinity for the receptor Fc-gamma-RIIIa, which is expressed on human natural killer (NK) cells. CD37, a member of the tetraspanin superfamily of cell surface antigens, is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD37 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836826","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD37 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836826","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 836826","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-836826","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MAb 37.1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433789"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LB090AB8DB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695895"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695895"}]}}{"C97954":{"preferredName":"Felzartamab","code":"C97954","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. Felzartamab specifically binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. This may trigger antitumoral antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and may eventually lead to cell lysis in CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies, and its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody MOR03087","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FELZARTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Felzartamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOR03087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOR202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ-202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430560"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2197112-39-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3O9FA4XC02"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710408"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710408"}]}}{"C148078":{"preferredName":"Mezagitamab","code":"C148078","definitions":[{"description":"A human, non-agonistic immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1 (CD38) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Mezagitamab specifically binds to CD38 that is expressed on human plasmablasts, plasma cells, NK cells and activated T- and B-cells. This may trigger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), cell lysis and depletion of CD38-expressing cells. Additionally, TAK-079 does not induce CD38-dependent signaling and does not promote cytokine activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs). CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed on cells associated with autoimmune diseases and hematologic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD38 MAb TAK-079","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEZAGITAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mezagitamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mezagitamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK 079","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-079","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK079","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545882"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2227490-52-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0XMR8L9LOL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795705"}]}}{"C140427":{"preferredName":"Modakafusp Alfa","code":"C140427","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary preparation composed of an immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 (CD38) that is fused to an attenuated form of human interferon alpha (IFN alpha; IFNa), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, modakafusp alfa specifically targets and binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. In turn, the IFNa moiety binds to cell-surface IFN receptors, and activates IFN-mediated signal transduction pathways, which results in the transcription and translation of genes whose products may cause antiproliferative effects in CD38-positive tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies, and its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD38-targeted IgG4-attenuated IFNa TAK-573","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38-targeted IgG4-attenuated IFNa TAK-573","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38-targeted IgG4-attenuated Interferon Alpha TAK-573","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD38-targeted IgG4 Fused with Attenuated IFNa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MODAKAFUSP ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Modakafusp Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEV-48573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538488"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TN8CEX4UT2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791259"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791259"}]}}{"C147563":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD38/CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1342","code":"C147563","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, bispecific monoclonal antibody (BsAb) against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and the human cell surface glycoprotein CD38, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD38/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody GBR 1342 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and CD38 expressed on certain tumor cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies; its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis. GBR 1342 uses the proprietary bispecific engagement by antibodies based on the T-cell receptor (BEAT) platform.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD38 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1342","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1342","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38/CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1342","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38/CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1342","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEAT GBR 1342","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD38xCD3 BsAb GBR 1342","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GBR 1342","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GBR-1342","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GBR-1342","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GBR1342","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545397"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7H3Q0M9END"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792483"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792483"}]}}{"C162693":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody TTX-030","code":"C162693","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD39 (cluster of differentiation 39; ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1; NTPDase1; ENTPD1) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD39 monoclonal antibody TTX-030 specifically binds to the CD39 antigen, which may inhibit both the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and the subsequent generation of immunosuppressive extracellular adenosine in the tumor microenvironment (TME). CD39, a cell surface ectonucleosidase, is upregulated on tumor cells as an immune evasion strategy; blocking its action may promote the stimulation of dendritic and other myeloid-derived cells that are necessary for both innate and adaptive immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody TTX-030","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody TTX-030","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTX 030","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTX-030","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTX030","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973084"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798967"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798967"}]}}{"C139553":{"preferredName":"Giloralimab","code":"C139553","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell surface antigen CD40, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, giloralimab binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, triggers the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and activates T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on various immune cells and plays a key role in the activation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV-927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agonistic Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-927","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-927","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-927","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GILORALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Giloralimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Giloralimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-1614645","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526913"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W6C58X3BFH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791105"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791105"}]}}{"C150558":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CDX-1140","code":"C150558","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the B-cell surface antigen CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CDX-1140 targets and binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, triggers the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activates T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on various immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and B-cells, and plays a key role in the activation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Agonist CD40 Antibody CDX-1140","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CDX-1140","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CDX-1140","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody CDX-1140","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX 1140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-1140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552359"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793440"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793440"}]}}{"C101366":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody Chi Lob 7/4","code":"C101366","definitions":[{"description":"An IgG1 chimeric monoclonal antibody agonist of the cell surface receptor CD40 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody Chi Lob 7/4 binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types, triggering the cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), activating B cells and T cells, and enhancing the immune response; in addition, this agent binds to the CD40 antigen present on the surfaces of some solid tumor cells, resulting in complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) eventually resulting in decreased tumor growth. CD40, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on various immune cells, many B-cell malignancies, and many solid tumors, mediating both indirect tumor cell death through the activation of the immune system and direct tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody Chi Lob 7/4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chi Lob 7/4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435546"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729807"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729807"}]}}{"C121217":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody SEA-CD40","code":"C121217","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, non-fucosylated monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD40 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody SEA-CD40 binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types, triggering both cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which activates B-cells and T-cells, and enhances the immune response against tumor cells. In addition, this agent binds to the CD40 antigen present on the surfaces of tumor cells, which induces antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC), and eventually inhibits the proliferation of CD40-expressing tumor cells. CD40, a stimulatory receptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on various immune cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells and various tumor cell types; it plays a key role in the activation of the immune system. The non-fucosylated antibody shows increased efficacy as compared to its fucosylated counterpart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody SEA-CD40","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody SEA-CD40","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEA-CD40","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053590"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769820"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769820"}]}}{"C132681":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD40/Anti-TAA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-428","code":"C132681","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody composed of a binding domain for an epitope found on the cell-surface receptor CD40 linked to a binding domain directed to an as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CD40/anti-TAA bispecific monoclonal antibody ABBV-428, the anti-TAA moiety targets and binds to the TAA expressed on the tumor cells. The agonistic anti-CD40 moiety targets and binds to various CD40-expressing immune cells. This leads to the activation and proliferation of effector and memory T-cells, and enhances the immune response against tumor cells, which kills and inhibits the proliferation of the TAA-expressing tumor cells. CD40, a stimulatory receptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on various immune cells, such as macrophages, B-lymphocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs); it plays a key role in the activation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 428","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-428","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 x Anti-TAA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-428","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40/Anti-TAA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-428","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40/Anti-TAA Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-428","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520571"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787098"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787098"}]}}{"C120140":{"preferredName":"Letolizumab","code":"C120140","definitions":[{"description":"A dimeric fusion protein composed of the C-terminus of the domain antibody (dAb) BMS2h-572-633 targeting the CD40 ligand (CD40L or CD154) linked to a modified Fc fragment of immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), with potential immunomodulatory activity. Upon intravenous administration, the peptide moiety of letolizumab specifically targets and binds to CD40L expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents the binding of CD40L to its cognate receptor CD40 expressed on B-lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs). This prevents T-cell mediated proliferation and differentiation of B-cells, and prevents the production of antibodies. By inhibiting both the production of anti-glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa antibodies by B-cells and GPIIb/IIIa-dependent T-cell proliferation, letolizumab may prevent platelet destruction and may increase platelet counts in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The direct binding of letolizumab to CD40L on platelets further prevents CD40L/CD40-mediated destruction by macrophages and DCs in ITP. The modified Fc domain prevents the binding of letolizumab to the Fc receptor FcgammaRIIA on platelets, thereby preventing FcgammaRIIA-dependent platelet activation and anti-CD40L-induced thromboembolism. CD40L, a transmembrane protein of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, is primarily expressed on activated T-cells, but is also expressed on eosinophils, basophils, natural killer (NK) cells, mast cells, platelets and activated endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-986004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fc-Fusion Protein BMS986004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LETOLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Letolizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Letolizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896896"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1450981-87-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"449MIE2SD6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"773819"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"773819"}]}}{"C116881":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD44 Monoclonal Antibody RO5429083","code":"C116881","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the cancer stem cell (CSC) antigen CD44, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, RO5429083 binds to the constant region of the extracellular domain of CD44, thereby preventing the activation of various CD44-mediated signal transduction pathways. This may lead to a reduction in the proliferation of CD44-expressing tumor stem cells. CD44, a transmembrane glycoprotein and hyaluronic acid receptor, is expressed in healthy tissue and overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types; it plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, migration and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD44 Monoclonal Antibody RO5429083","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD44 Monoclonal Antibody RO5429083","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7356","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5429083","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RO5429083","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433841"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0T69CA5LQA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701281"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701281"}]}}{"C74009":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12","code":"C74009","definitions":[{"description":"A high affinity IgG1 monoclonal antibody with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody AHN-12 recognizes CD45, a transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase that is expressed on the surface of normal and malignant hematopoietic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AHN-12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383504"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587980"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587980"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD45_Monoclonal_Antibody_AHN-12"}]}}{"C156416":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD46 Antibody-drug Conjugate FOR46","code":"C156416","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the cluster of differentiation 46 (CD46; membrane cofactor protein; MCP) and conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD46 ADC FOR46 specifically targets and binds to a specific conformational epitope on the immune modulatory receptor CD46 expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic payload kills the CD46-expressing tumor cells. The conformational epitope of CD46 is highly expressed in multiple tumor cell types while minimally expressed or absent in normal, healthy tissues. FOR46 does not interfere with other CD46-mediated pathways that naturally occur in normal, healthy tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC FOR46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD46 ADC FOR46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD46 Antibody-drug Conjugate FOR46","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD46 Antibody-drug Conjugate FOR46","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate FOR46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD46-ADC FOR46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOR 46","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOR-46","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOR46","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563108"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795803"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795803"}]}}{"C159600":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody AO-176","code":"C159600","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody AO-176 preferentially binds to CD47 on tumor cells because it exhibits enhanced binding at the acidic pH found in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), which prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages, which results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. Additionally, blocking CD47 signaling activates both an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T-cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. In addition, AO-176 induces immunogenic cell death (ICD) and releases damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from tumor cells, thereby further stimulating immune responses. AO-176 is also able to induce direct cytotoxic cell death by a cell autonomous mechanism. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPalpha, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AO 176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AO-176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AO176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody AO-176","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody AO-176","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951599"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797803"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797803"}]}}{"C121211":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody CC-90002","code":"C121211","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody CC-90002 selectively binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa), a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages. This results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. In addition, blocking CD47 signaling activates both an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Mab CC-90002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody CC-90002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody CC-90002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 90002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-90002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053657"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769566"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769566"}]}}{"C117730":{"preferredName":"Magrolimab","code":"C117730","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, magrolimab selectively binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with its ligand signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa), a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling, allows the activation of macrophages, through the induction of pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by calreticulin, which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, and results in specific tumor cell phagocytosis. In addition, blocking CD47 signaling activates an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T-mediated cell killing. CD47, a tumor associated antigen expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), is overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and interaction with SIRP-alpha, leads to inhibition of macrophages and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis thereby allowing cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hu5F9-G4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGROLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Magrolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474125"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"90YIEHRFJ9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763907"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763907"}]}}{"C157385":{"preferredName":"Letaplimab","code":"C157385","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting leukocyte surface antigen CD47 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, letaplimab selectively binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa), a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages. This results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. In addition, blocking CD47 signaling activates both an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody IBI188","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI 188","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI-188","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI188","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LETAPLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Letaplimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Letaplimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936985"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2283356-07-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BDN84I1TFE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797112"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797112"}]}}{"C160202":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1603","code":"C160202","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody SHR-1603 preferentially binds to CD47 on tumor cells. This blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), which prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages, which results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. Additionally, blocking CD47 signaling activates both an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T-cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPalpha, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1603","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 1603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-1603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR1603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969337"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797797"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797797"}]}}{"C155976":{"preferredName":"Urabrelimab","code":"C155976","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, urabrelimab selectively binds to CD47 on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages. This prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages. This results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. In addition, blocking CD47 signaling activates both an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPalpha, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody SRF231","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF 231","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF-231","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF231","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"URABRELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Urabrelimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Urabrelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562712"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W6284A5K8N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795110"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795110"}]}}{"C163977":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody TJC4","code":"C163977","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody TJC4 preferentially binds to a unique epitope of CD47 on tumor cells. This blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), which prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages, which results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. Additionally, blocking CD47 signaling activates an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T-cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPalpha, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate. TJC4, compared to other anti-CD47 monoclonal antibodies, is designed to minimize inherent binding to normal red blood cells (RBCs), which may results in a more advantageous hematologic safety profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody TJC4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody TJC4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ 011133","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ-011133","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ011133","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJC4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977248"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801670"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801670"}]}}{"C148103":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD48/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD48A","code":"C148103","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody targeting the cell surface antigen CD48 that is conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), via a proprietary next-generation PEGylated glucuronide linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following intravenous administration, the antibody moiety of anti-CD48 ADC SGN-CD48A binds to CD48 on the surface of tumor cells. Following internalization of the ADC, the MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CD48-expressing tumor cells. CD48, a member of the signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) family of immune cell receptors, is involved in T-cell activation and leukocyte trafficking. Additionally, CD48 is expressed on the surface of multiple myeloma cells at significantly higher levels than it is expressed on normal lymphocytes and monocytes. The linkage system in SGN-CD48A improves stability, reduces off-target uptake, and enables conjugation of larger numbers of MMAE/antibody than other systems, resulting in increased specificity against CD48-positive cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD48 ADC SGN-CD48A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD48/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD48A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD48/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD48A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN CD48A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD48A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGNCD48A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545862"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794392"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794392"}]}}{"C160787":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD52 Monoclonal Antibody ALLO-647","code":"C160787","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD52 (CAMPATH-1 antigen; Cambridge pathology 1 antigen), with potential immunodepleting activity. Upon administration, anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody ALLO-647 selectively targets and binds to CD52, thereby triggering a host immune response that results in the lysis of CD52-positive lymphocytes. This leads to immunodepletion and may prevent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). CD52 is a glycoprotein expressed on the surface of many immune cells, including essentially all B- and T-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALLO 647","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALLO-647","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALLO647","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD52 Monoclonal Antibody ALLO-647","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD52 Monoclonal Antibody ALLO-647","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969759"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798418"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798418"}]}}{"C84855":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD70 Antibody-Drug Conjugate MDX-1203","code":"C84855","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a fully human monoclonal antibody, directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule, conjugated to a prodrug of a CC-1065 (rachelmycin) analogue via a stable peptide-based linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-CD70 antibody moiety of the anti-CD70 antibody-drug conjugate MDX-1203 selectively binds to the extracellular domain of CD70 on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internalization, the prodrug moiety is released and activated and binds to double-stranded B-DNA within the minor groove, thereby alkylating the -3 position of adenine, which may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress CD70. CD70, the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27 and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is found on the surfaces of various types of cancer cells. The antitumor antibiotic CC-1065, a DNA minor-groove-binding alkylating agent, was originally isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces zelensis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD70 ADC MDX-1203","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD70 Antibody-Drug Conjugate MDX-1203","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD70 Antibody-Drug Conjugate MDX-1203","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-1203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827532"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651385"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651385"}]}}{"C117732":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD70 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD70A","code":"C117732","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing an engineered cysteine monoclonal antibody (EC-mAb), directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule, conjugated to the synthetic, cytotoxic, DNA minor-groove crosslinking agent, pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, via a stable, protease-cleavable, peptide-based linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-CD70 antibody moiety of the anti-CD70 antibody-drug conjugate SGN-CD70A selectively binds to the extracellular domain of CD70 on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internalization, the PBD dimer moiety is released and covalently binds, through its imine moieties, to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA double strand breaks and inhibits DNA replication, which lead to the inhibition of cell growth of tumor cells that overexpress CD70. CD70, the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27 and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is found on the surfaces of various types of cancer cells. The cysteine moiety of the EC-mAb allows for the stable conjugation of the PBD to the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD70 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD70A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD70A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD70A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474127"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YFZ7N482WG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763909"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763909"}]}}{"C162699":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD70 CAR-expressing T Lymphocytes","code":"C162699","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of human T-lymphocytes transduced with a recombinant viral vector encoding a chimeric T-cell receptor (chimeric antigen receptor or CAR) consisting of one or more binding domains that target the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD70 (CD27 ligand; tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 7; TNFSF7) fused to one or more co-stimulatory TCR-signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD70 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes, express anti-CD70-CAR on their cell surfaces and bind to the CD70 antigen on tumor cell surfaces thereby neutralizing the activity of CD70. This may induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD70-expressing tumor cells. CD70, a cytokine belonging to the tumor necrosis superfamily (TNFSF) and the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27, is expressed on the surfaces of various types of cancer cells; its overexpression may play an important role in the evasion of immune surveillance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD70 CAR-expressing T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD70 CAR-expressing T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anti-CD70 CAR-expressing T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD70 CAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD70 CAR T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973102"}]}}{"C78187":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD70 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1411","code":"C78187","definitions":[{"description":"A glycoengineered, fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD70 fully human monoclonal antibody MDX-1411 selectivity binds to the extracellular domain of CD70, which may induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against CD70-expressing tumor cells. CD70, the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27 and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is found on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells among other cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD70 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1411","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD70 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1411","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-1411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383579"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594769"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594769"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD70_Fully_Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_MDX-1411"}]}}{"C153287":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD71/vcMMAE Probody-drug Conjugate CX-2029","code":"C153287","definitions":[{"description":"A probody-drug conjugate (PDC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1;TRP1; CD71), linked to a proprietary masking peptide that covers the active antigen-binding site of the antibody through a protease-cleavable linker, and conjugated, via a valine-citrulline (VC) peptide linker, to the potent cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-CD71/vcMMAE PDC CX-2029, the anti-CD71 moiety is unable to bind to CD71 antigen, which is highly expressed on both tumor and healthy dividing cells, until the masking peptide that is attached to the anti-CD71 probody is cleaved by tumor-associated proteases upon extravasation into the tumor microenvironment (TME). Local protease-mediated removal of the linker and masking peptide enables specific binding of the unmasked anti-CD71 moiety to CD71 expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE is released into the cytosol of CD71-expressing tumor cells, binds to tubulin, and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which induces both G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. CD71, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is a highly expressed protein present in a number of solid and hematologic cancers, but is also expressed on normal, healthy tissues. The peptide masking of CX-2029 minimizes binding of the anti-CD71 antibody moiety to normal, healthy cells and may minimize systemic toxicity, when compared to other anti-CD71 antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Tumor-associated proteases are present in high concentrations and aberrantly activated in the TME.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD71 Probody/vcMMAE Drug Conjugate CX-2029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD71/vcMMAE Probody-drug Conjugate CX-2029","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD71/vcMMAE Probody-drug Conjugate CX-2029","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody Prodrug-drug Conjugate CX-2029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD71-Directed Probody Therapeutic CX-2029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD71-directed PDC CX-2029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX 2029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-2029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX2029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBC CX-2029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDC-targeting CD71 CX-2029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554515"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794073"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794073"}]}}{"C132266":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986179","code":"C132266","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5'-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5'-NT; ecto-5'-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody BMS-986179 targets and binds to CD73, leading to clustering and internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and decreases the amount of free adenosine. This prevents adenosine-mediated suppression of lymphocyte activity and increases the activity of CD8-positive effector cells. This also activates macrophages, and reduces the activity of both myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T-lymphocytes. By abrogating the inhibitory effect on the immune system and enhancing the cytotoxic T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells, tumor cell growth is decreased. CD73, a plasma membrane protein belonging to the 5'-nucleotidase (NTase) family, is upregulated on a number of cancer cell types and catalyzes the conversion of extracellular nucleotides, such as AMP, to membrane-permeable nucleosides, such as adenosine; it plays a key role in adenosine-mediated immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986179","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986179","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986179","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986179","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986179","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520363"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7PO9B4VQ1U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783651"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783651"}]}}{"C156061":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody CPI-006","code":"C156061","definitions":[{"description":"A type II humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5'-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5'-NT; ecto-5'-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody CPI-006 targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, leading to internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine, thereby preventing adenosine-mediated suppression of lymphocyte activity and increasing the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This also activates macrophages, and reduces the activity of both myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T-lymphocytes. By abrogating the inhibitory effect on the immune system and enhancing the CTL-mediated immune response against cancer cells, tumor cell growth is decreased. CD73, a plasma membrane protein belonging to the 5'-nucleotidase (NTase) family, is upregulated on a number of cancer cell types and catalyzes the conversion of extracellular nucleotides, such as AMP, to membrane-permeable nucleosides, such as adenosine; it plays a key role in adenosine-mediated immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody CPI-006","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody CPI-006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI 006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPX-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562920"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795397"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795397"}]}}{"C158132":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody NZV930","code":"C158132","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5'-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5'-NT; ecto-5'-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody NZV930 targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, leading to internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine, thereby preventing adenosine-mediated suppression of lymphocyte activity and increasing the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This also activates macrophages and reduces the activity of both myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T-lymphocytes. By abrogating the inhibitory effect on the immune system and enhancing the CTL-mediated immune response against cancer cells, tumor cell growth is decreased. CD73, a plasma membrane protein belonging to the 5'-nucleotidase (NTase) family, is upregulated in many cancer cell types and catalyzes the conversion of extracellular nucleotides, such as AMP, to membrane-permeable nucleosides, such as adenosine; it plays a key role in adenosine-mediated immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody NZV930","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody NZV930","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NZV 930","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NZV-930","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NZV-930","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"NZV930","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF 373","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF-373","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF373","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937671"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2M0F9Q9SZ2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797358"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797358"}]}}{"C159168":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody TJ4309","code":"C159168","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5'-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5'-NT; ecto-5'-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody TJ4309 targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, thereby inhibiting CD73 activity. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine, preventing adenosine-mediated suppression of lymphocyte activity and increasing the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This also activates macrophages and reduces the activity of both myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T-lymphocytes (Tregs). By abrogating the inhibitory effect on the immune system and enhancing the CTL-mediated immune response against cancer cells, tumor cell growth is decreased. CD73, a plasma membrane protein belonging to the 5'-nucleotidase (NTase) family, is upregulated on a number of cancer cell types and catalyzes the conversion of extracellular nucleotides, such as AMP, to membrane-permeable nucleosides, such as adenosine; it plays a key role in adenosine-mediated immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment (TME).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody TJ4309","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody TJ4309","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ 004309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ 4309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ-004309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ-4309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ004309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ4309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJD5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951040"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797647"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797647"}]}}{"C148066":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD74 Antibody-drug Conjugate STRO-001","code":"C148066","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of an aglycosylated human anti-CD74 IgG1 antibody (SP7219) that has been genetically modified to incorporate the non-natural amino acid (nnAA) para-azidomethyl-L-phenylalanine (pAMF), which is site-specifically conjugated to a non-cleavable dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)-maytansinoid linker-warhead, with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of anti-CD74 ADC STRO-001 targets and binds to the CD74 expressed on tumor cells; upon internalization, the maytansinoid linker-warhead moiety binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, which results in the inhibition of both cell division and cell growth of CD74-expressing tumor cells. CD74, a transmembrane glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) involved in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II protein formation and localization, is a receptor for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF; MMIF). MIF binding induces intramembrane cleavage of CD74, which liberates the cytosolic intracellular domain (ICD) of CD74 and regulates the expression of genes involved in promoting cell survival. CD74 is overexpressed on cells from hematologic B-lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC STRO-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD74 ADC STRO-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD74 Antibody-drug Conjugate STRO-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD74 Antibody-drug Conjugate STRO-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SP7675","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STRO-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STRO-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545806"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0D8BWL78LD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795302"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795302"}]}}{"C113659":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD98 Monoclonal Antibody IGN523","code":"C113659","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, monoclonal antibody targeting the CD98 (gp125) antigen, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, IGN523 binds to CD98 expressed on the tumor cell surface and elicits both natural killer (NK)-cell mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity towards CD98-expressing tumor cells. In addition, IGN523 inhibits essential amino acid uptake by rapidly proliferating tumor cells. CD98, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is involved in both integrin signaling and amino acid transport processes; it is overexpressed in certain cancer cells and plays a key role in the proliferation, survival and metastasis of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD98 Monoclonal Antibody IGN523","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGN-523","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IGN523","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458372"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7OI79TB6KN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757070"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757070"}]}}{"C131439":{"preferredName":"Anti-CDH6 Antibody-drug Conjugate HKT288","code":"C131439","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cadherin-6 (CDH6; CDH-6) conjugated to a maytansine-based cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of HKT288 targets and binds to CDH6 located on tumor cell surfaces. After internalization, the maytansine moiety binds to tubulin, which disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics and inhibits both division and proliferation of CDH6-expressing tumor cells. CDH6, a member of the cadherin family and overexpressed by a variety of cancers, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CDH6 ADC HKT288","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CDH6 Antibody-drug Conjugate HKT288","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CDH6 Antibody-drug Conjugate HKT288","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HKT 288","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HKT-288","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HKT-288","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"HKT288","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maytansine-based ADC HKT-288","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514241"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"94ZE6ON35F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786265"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786265"}]}}{"C95728":{"preferredName":"Anti-CEA BiTE Monoclonal Antibody AMG211","code":"C95728","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, proprietary bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTE) antibody directed against human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CEA BiTE monoclonal antibody AMG211 possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for CEA and one for the CD3 complex, a group of T cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T cell receptor (TCR). This bispecific monoclonal antibody brings CEA-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and helper T lymphocytes (HTLs) together, which may result in the CTL- and HTL-mediated cell death of CEA-expressing cells. CEA, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed in many cancer types, including gastrointestinal, breast, non-small cell lung, and thyroid cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CEA BiTE Monoclonal Antibody AMG211","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CEA BiTE Monoclonal Antibody AMG211","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-565","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"19953093"},{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"19342971"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428189"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694640"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694640"}]}}{"C68927":{"preferredName":"Anti-CEA/Anti-DTPA-In (F6-734) Bispecific Antibody","code":"C68927","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody (BsMAb) consisting of the Fab fragment of an anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (F6) coupled to the Fab fragment of an anti-DTPA-In monoclonal antibody (734) with potential radioimmunotherapeutic activity. In a two-step pretargeted radioimmunotherapeutic approach, this BsMAb, localizing to CEA-expressing tumor cells via the F6 Fab fragment, is introduced into patient first, followed by injection of indium 131-radiolabeled DTPA, which is recognized by the 734 Fab fragment of the BsMAb. Accordingly, a potentially lethal dose of indium 131 is delivered specifically to CEA-expressing tumor cells while minimizing radiotoxicity to normal tissues. CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) is a tumor antigen overexpressed in many cancer types, including gastrointestinal, breast, non-small cell lung, and thyroid cancers. DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) is a bivalent hapten.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CEA/Anti-DTPA-In (F6-734) Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F6-734 BsMAb","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL374415"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"549681"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"549681"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CEA_Anti-DTPA-In_F6-734_Bispecific_Antibody"}]}}{"C82355":{"preferredName":"Anti-CEA/Anti-HSG Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TF2","code":"C82355","definitions":[{"description":"A tri-Fab bispecific monoclonal antibody (BiMoAb) divalent for the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and monovalent for histamine-succinyl-glycine (HSG) peptide-hapten. Anti-CEA/anti-HSG bispecific monoclonal antibody TF2 binds to the tumor associated antigen (TAA) CEA on CEA-expressing tumor cells. Subsequently, an HSG peptide-hapten carrying a radionuclide is administered, binding to the anti-HSG binding fragment on the BiMoAb. Depending on the characteristics of the radionuclide used, CEA-expressing tumor cells may then be radioimaged and/or treated radioimmunotherapeutically.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CEA x Anti-Histamine-Succinyl-Glycine Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TF2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CEA/Anti-HSG Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TF2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TF2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408839"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639754"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639754"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CEA_Anti-HSG_Bispecific_Monoclonal_Antibody_TF2"}]}}{"C120305":{"preferredName":"Anti-CEACAM1 Monoclonal Antibody CM-24","code":"C120305","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) antibody targeting the anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1; CD66a), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CEACAM1 monoclonal antibody CM-24, this agent binds to CEACAM1 on cancer cells and certain immune cells. This blocks the binding of CEACAM1-expressing cancer cells to CEACAM1-expressing immune cells and abrogates CEACAM1-mediated immunosuppression. This enhances the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells and increases CTL- and NK-mediated killing of CEACAM1-overexpressing cancer cells. CEACAM1, a member of the CEA family of proteins that plays a key role in cell migration, cell invasion, and cell adhesion, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types. Its overexpression is correlated with both immunosuppression and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM1 Monoclonal Antibody CM-24","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM1 Monoclonal Antibody CM-24","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM-24","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM-24","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896886"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JTP97OR4LL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768651"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768651"}]}}{"C117229":{"preferredName":"Tusamitamab Ravtansine","code":"C117229","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of anti-carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) conjugated to a cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of tusamitamab ravtansine the antibody moiety targets CEACAM5 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases the cytotoxic agent, which results in tumor cell death. CEACAM5, a member of the CEA family of proteins that plays a key role in cell migration, cell invasion, and cell adhesion, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SAR408701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM5 Antibody-Drug Conjugate SAR408701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR408701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TUSAMITAMAB RAVTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tusamitamab Ravtansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tusamitamab Ravtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474097"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2254086-60-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DSS3BE2ZXN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762948"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762948"}]}}{"C120068":{"preferredName":"Anti-CEACAM6 AFAIKL2 Antibody Fragment/Jack Bean Urease Immunoconjugate L-DOS47","code":"C120068","definitions":[{"description":"A lyophilized formulation of DOS47, an immunoconjugate composed of AFAIKL2, a recombinant camelid single-domain antibody which recognizes carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6), and the enzyme urease derived from the plant Canavalia ensiformis (Jack bean), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the AFAIKL2 antibody fragment moiety of L-DOS47 specifically targets and binds to CEACAM6 expressed on certain tumor cells. In turn, the urease moiety of L-DOS47 catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into ammonia, which is further hydrolyzed to produce hydroxyl ions, and causes a locally increased concentration of the toxic waste product ammonia, which under normal conditions is converted into the nontoxic substance urea via the urea cycle. This increases the pH of the tumor microenvironment and alkalinizes the highly acidic environment that is needed for cancer cell survival and proliferation. In addition, the ammonia diffuses into cancer cells and exerts a cytotoxic effect. Altogether, this leads to cell death of CEACAM6-expressing cancer cells. The naturally-occurring enzyme urease catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. CEACAM6, a tumor-associated antigen and CEA family member, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cells and plays a key role in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM6 AFAIKL2 Antibody Fragment/Jack Bean Urease Immunoconjugate L-DOS47","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM6 AFAIKL2 Antibody Fragment/Jack Bean Urease Immunoconjugate L-DOS47","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-DOS47","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-DOS47","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896827"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"95E1ZQM329"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768359"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768359"}]}}{"C159609":{"preferredName":"Anti-CEACAM6 Antibody BAY1834942","code":"C159609","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immune checkpoint regulator carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6; CEACAM-6; CD66c), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CEACAM6 antibody BAY1834942 targets, binds to and blocks the activity of CEACAM6 expressed on various tumor and immune cells, including T-cells. Blocking CEACAM6 signaling abrogates effector T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes, increases secretion of T-cell cytokines and effector molecules, and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which results in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. CEACAM6, an immune checkpoint receptor, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression. Elevated CEACAM6 expression is associated with advanced tumor stages and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM6 Antibody BAY1834942","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CEACAM6 Antibody BAY1834942","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1834942","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1834942","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1834942","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951555"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797774"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797774"}]}}{"C114286":{"preferredName":"Anti-CLDN6 Monoclonal Antibody ASP1650","code":"C114286","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface protein claudin 6 (CLDN6), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CLDN6 monoclonal antibody ASP1650 binds to CLDN-6 and may stimulate the immune system to exert both an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and a complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) mediated immune response against CLDN-6-expressing tumor cells. This may inhibit tumor cell growth. CLDN-6, a tight-junction protein and embryonic antigen, is expressed on a variety of tumor cells but is not expressed on normal, healthy adult cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP 1650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-1650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP1650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CLDN6 Monoclonal Antibody ASP1650","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CLDN6 Monoclonal Antibody ASP1650","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Claudin 6 Monoclonal Antibody ASP1650","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMAB027","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471794"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757981"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757981"}]}}{"C148141":{"preferredName":"Tepoditamab","code":"C148141","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific human monoclonal antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human C-type lectin domain family 12 member A (CLEC12A), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on certain tumor cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tepoditamab binds to both CD3 on T-cells and CLEC12A expressed on malignant cells, such as myeloid blasts, atypical progenitor cells and leukemic stem cells (LSCs). This results in the cross-linking of T-cells with tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CLEC12A-expressing tumor cells. CLEC12A, a myeloid differentiation antigen and member of the C-type lectin/C-type lectin-like domain (CTL/CTLD) superfamily, is overexpressed on myeloid leukemia cells, but not on normal early hematopoietic progenitors, including hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CLEC12A x CD3 Bispecific Antibody MCLA117","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CLEC12A/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody MCLA117","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody MCLA-117","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Bispecific, Anti-(C-type lectin CLEC12A and CD3 Antigen) (Human Monoclonal MCLA-117 Gamma1-chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal MCLA-117 Kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA 117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA-117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEPODITAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tepoditamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tepoditamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550807"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2044679-53-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LK0H7J2V3C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792475"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792475"}]}}{"C159536":{"preferredName":"Bexmarilimab","code":"C159536","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against common lymphatic endothelial and vascular endothelial receptor-1 (CLEVER-1; stabilin-1; FEEL-1), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, bexmarilimab targets and binds to CLEVER-1 that is expressed on tumor endothelial cells. This prevents the recruitment, infiltration and attachment of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) at the tumor site. By preventing the binding of TAMs to tumor cells, the infiltration of activated T-regulatory cells (Tregs) to the tumor and the TAM-mediated immune suppression is abrogated, leading to the polarization of TAM from the immunosuppressive M2 macrophages to the anti-inflammatory and immunostimulatory M1 macrophages. This leads to the activation of the immune system, resulting in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response and inhibition of tumor cell growth and metastasis. CLEVER-1 is an endothelial cell surface molecule involved in immune suppression, cancer growth and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-stabilin-1 Monoclonal Antibody FP-1305","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEXMARILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bexmarilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clevegen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FP 1305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FP-1305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FP1305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951430"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SA0O2AK3LA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797468"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797468"}]}}{"C131301":{"preferredName":"Anti-CSF1 Monoclonal Antibody PD-0360324","code":"C131301","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against the cytokine colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1; CSF-1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor; M-CSF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CSF1 monoclonal antibody PD-0360324 targets, binds to and neutralizes CSF1. This prevents the binding of CSF1 to its receptor CSF1R (CD115; M-CSFR), which is expressed on various immune cells, such as monocytes and macrophages. This prevents CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling in these cells; this inhibits monocyte differentiation, blocks the activity of macrophages, and reduces their production of inflammatory mediators, which reduces inflammation. By blocking the activity and proliferation of CSF1R-dependent tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment, PD-0360324 reduces TAM-mediated immune suppression, decreases regulatory T-cells (Tregs), re-activates the immune system, and improves anti-tumor cell responses mediated by increasing infiltration by cytotoxic T-cells. TAMs play key roles in immune suppression, and tumor cell proliferation and survival. CSF-1 plays a key role in the regulation of the proliferation, differentiation and survival of monocytes and macrophages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CSF1 Monoclonal Antibody PD-0360324","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CSF1 Monoclonal Antibody PD-0360324","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-M-CSF mAb PD-0360324","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 0360324","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 360324","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-0360324","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-360,324","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514242"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785869"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785869"}]}}{"C96801":{"preferredName":"Anti-CSF1R Monoclonal Antibody IMC-CS4","code":"C96801","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. CSF1R monoclonal antibody IMC-CS4 binds to CSF1R which may trigger antitumoral antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in tumor cells overexpressing CSF1R. CSF1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (Cluster of Differentiation 115), is a cell-surface receptor for its ligand colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1); this receptor is overexpressed or mutated in certain tumor cell types and plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CSF1R Monoclonal Antibody IMC-CS4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CSF1R Monoclonal Antibody IMC-CS4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-CS4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3022855","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429408"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710355"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710355"}]}}{"C155813":{"preferredName":"Axatilimab","code":"C155813","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, axatilimab binds to the ligand binding domain of CSF-1R, preventing binding and consequent activation by its natural ligands, IL-34 and colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1). Inhibition of CSF-1R activation may disrupt the activity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which promote initiation and metastasis of tumor cells, inhibit T-cell responses, and stimulate tumor angiogenesis and disease progression. CSF-1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and cluster of differentiation 115 (CD115), is a tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in the regulation, proliferation, survival and differentiation of tissue macrophages as well as TAMs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXATILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anti-M-CSFR Monoclonal Antibody SNDX-6352","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axatilimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Axatilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNDX 6352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNDX-6352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNDX6352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCB6352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556346"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2155851-88-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R96Z451BMC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794081"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794081"}]}}{"C92577":{"preferredName":"Pamrevlumab","code":"C92577","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody targeting connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) with potential anti-fibrotic and antineoplastic activities. Pamrevlumab binds to CTGF thereby preventing the binding of the ligand to the receptor and subsequent receptor activation. As CTGF enhances the production of collagen and fibronectin, FG-319 may prevent and reverse fibrosis. In addition, FG-3019 may prevent tumor cell proliferation in CTGF-expressing tumor cells. CTGF, a member of the CCN family (CTGF, CYR61/CEF and NOV), is expressed in a variety of tumor cell types and is involved in processes such as cell proliferation, cell migration, cell adhesion, differentiation and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Connective Tissue Growth Factor Monoclonal Antibody FG-3019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FG-3019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FG3019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAMREVLUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pamrevlumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pamrevlumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2985186"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946415-13-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QS5F6VTS0O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683932"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683932"}]}}{"C162505":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ADU-1604","code":"C162505","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody ADU-1604 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADU 1604","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADU-1604","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADU1604","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ADU-1604","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970933"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798657"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798657"}]}}{"C158557":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody AGEN1181","code":"C158557","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-engineered recombinant human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody AGEN1181 binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system. The engineered Fc domain increases the stability and half-life of the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGEN 1181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN-1181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN1181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody AGEN1181","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody AGEN1181","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938004"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797474"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797474"}]}}{"C156734":{"preferredName":"Nurulimab","code":"C156734","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nurulimab targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody BCD-145","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD 145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD-145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NURULIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nurulimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935901"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2168561-20-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"894KSI08XK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795594"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795594"}]}}{"C150679":{"preferredName":"Quavonlimab","code":"C150679","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, quavonlimab targets and binds to CTLA4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody MK-1308","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 1308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-1308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK1308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QUAVONLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Quavonlimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Quavonlimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552570"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2254059-25-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GG0AN49Y59"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793094"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793094"}]}}{"C159764":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody REGN4659","code":"C159764","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody REGN4659 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody REGN4659","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody REGN4659","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 4659","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-4659","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-4659","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"REGN4659","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951623"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6CGQ1X5Y6V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797920"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797920"}]}}{"C159530":{"preferredName":"Pavunalimab","code":"C159530","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-engineered bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4) and lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3; LAG-3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pavunalimab targets and binds to both CTLA-4 and LAG-3 expressed on T-cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Both CTLA-4 and LAG-3 are inhibitory receptors and members of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF); they are overexpressed by regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the TME where they downregulate T-cell activation and proliferation. Dual checkpoint blockade of CTLA-4 and LAG-3 with XmAb22841 may enhance T-cell activation and proliferation more than the blockade of either immune checkpoint receptor alone. The engineered Fc domain increases the stability and half-life of the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4/Anti-LAG-3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody XmAb22841","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4/LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb22841","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTLA-4 x LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb22841","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAVUNALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pavunalimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pavunalimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb 22841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb-22841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb22841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951426"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2329669-78-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3PT70X17VS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797814"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797814"}]}}{"C157494":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4/OX40 Bispecific Antibody ATOR-1015","code":"C157494","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody consisting of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitory protein fused to an OX40 agonistic human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4/OX40 bispecific antibody ATOR-1015 simultaneously binds to CTLA-4 and OX40, which may inhibit CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and induce proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes via OX40 activation. Both CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), and OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), are overexpressed by regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment. ATOR-1015 may reduce the number of Tregs and promote the activation of effector T-cells, thereby enhancing the immune-mediated anti-tumor response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC 1015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC-1015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC1015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATOR 1015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATOR-1015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATOR1015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4/OX40 Bispecific Antibody ATOR-1015","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTLA-4 x OX40 Bispecific Antibody ATOR-1015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937070"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796793"}]}}{"C135633":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA4 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986218","code":"C135633","definitions":[{"description":"A Fc-modified monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA4 monoclonal antibody BMS-986218 targets and binds to CTLA4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system. Removal of the fucose sugar units from the antibody's Fc region, enhances its activity and decreases the toxicity of BMS-986218.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA4 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986218","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA4 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986218","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986218","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986218","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986218","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522988"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789026"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789026"}]}}{"C131572":{"preferredName":"Anti-CXCR4 Monoclonal Antibody PF-06747143","code":"C131572","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) against C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CXCR4 mAb PF-06747143 binds to CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to CXCR4 and inhibiting CXCR4 activation. This results in decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-expressing tumor cells. In addition, PF-06747143 promotes cell death through the induction of both complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, is upregulated in several tumor cell types and plays an important role in cancer cell proliferation, survival, and chemotaxis, and in tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CXCR4 IgG1 Antibody PF-06747143","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CXCR4 Monoclonal Antibody PF-06747143","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CXCR4 Monoclonal Antibody PF-06747143","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06747143","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06747143","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06747143","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514243"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7TS9C20ZWA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786269"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786269"}]}}{"C71749":{"preferredName":"Anti-Denatured Collagen Monoclonal Antibody TRC093","code":"C71749","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, affinity-matured IgG1k antibody directed against denatured collagens (I-IV) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-denatured collagen recombinant monoclonal antibody TRC093 binds to multiple epitopes on denatured collagens, inhibiting proteolytic collagen-mediated signaling in the extracellular matrix (ECM) that is important to tumor angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. The epitopes on denatured collagen bound by this antibody are considered cryptic because, in vivo, they are accessible only on the subendothelial basement membrane of tumors or in normal tissues undergoing neovascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Denatured Collagen Monoclonal Antibody TRC093","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D93","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT293","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376136"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560174"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560174"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_Humanized_IgG1k_Monoclonal_Antibody_TRC093"}]}}{"C99123":{"preferredName":"DKK1-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody DKN-01","code":"C99123","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the WNT antagonist dickkopf homolog 1 (DKK1), with potential anti-osteolytic activity. Upon administration, DKK1-neutralizing monoclonal antibody DKN-01 binds to and inhibits DKK1, thereby restoring signaling through the WNT pathway, which may result in osteoblast differentiation and activation within the bone matrix and the reversal of tumor-induced osteolytic disease. DKK1, overexpressed by certain cancer cells, is an inhibitor of the WNT signaling pathway and prevents the mediated formation of bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DKK1-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody DKN-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DKK1-neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody DKN-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DKN-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DKN-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY2812176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432944"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458159"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RM898LZ4SI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715663"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715663"}]}}{"C80040":{"preferredName":"Anti-DKK1 Monoclonal Antibody BHQ880","code":"C80040","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against Wnt antagonist Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) with potential anti-osteolytic activity. Anti-DKK1 monoclonal antibody BHQ880 binds to and inhibits DKK1, enhancing signaling through the Wnt pathway, which may result in osteoblast differentiation and activation within the bone matrix and the reversal of tumor-induced osteolytic disease. DKK1 is a potent Wnt signaling pathway antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DKK1 Monoclonal Antibody BHQ880","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-DKK1 Monoclonal Antibody BHQ880","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BHQ-880","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BHQ-880","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BHQ880","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703201"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IS3ESI44W5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614254"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614254"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-DKK1_Monoclonal_Antibody_BHQ880"}]}}{"C147027":{"preferredName":"Anti-DLL3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 757","code":"C147027","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) delta-like protein 3 (DLL3) fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-DLL3/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 757, this bispecific antibody binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the DLL3 antigen found on DLL3-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to DLL3-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of DLL3-expressing tumor cells. DLL3, a Notch pathway protein, is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types. It plays a key role in embryonic development and in tumor initiation and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 757","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-757","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG757","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-DLL3 x Anti-CD3 BiTE AMG 757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-DLL3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 757","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-DLL3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 757","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DLL3/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545042"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792376"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792376"}]}}{"C101521":{"preferredName":"Anti-DLL4 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0639","code":"C101521","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin G1 lambda monoclonal antibody directed against the Notch ligand delta-like 4 (DLL4) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-DLL4 monoclonal antibody MEDI0639 specifically binds to DLL4 and prevents its interaction with Notch receptors, thereby inhibiting Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, which may block tumor angiogenesis and eventually the inhibition of tumor cell growth. Activation of Notch receptors by DLL4 stimulates proteolytic cleavage of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD); after cleavage, NICD is translocated to the nucleus and mediates the transcriptional regulation of a variety of genes involved in vascular development. The expression of DLL4 is highly restricted to the vascular endothelium; DLL4/Notch signaling is required for the development of functional tumor blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DLL4 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0639","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-DLL4 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0639","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-0639","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MEDI0639","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435778"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LPT9GX4OUB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732226"}]}}{"C119620":{"preferredName":"Navicixizumab","code":"C119620","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against both the Notch ligand delta-like 4 (DLL4) and the human tyrosine kinase vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. The anti-DLL4 moiety of navicixizumab specifically binds to DLL4, prevents its interaction with Notch receptors, and inhibits Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, which may both block tumor angiogenesis and inhibit tumor cell growth. The anti-VEGF moiety binds to VEGF and prevents the binding of VEGF to its receptor, which blocks VEGF-mediated signaling and further inhibits the growth and maintenance of tumor blood vessels. The expression of DLL4 is highly restricted to the vascular endothelium; DLL4/Notch signaling is required for the development of functional tumor blood vessels. The expression of the pro-angiogenic growth factor VEGF is associated with tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G2-kappa, Anti-(Homo sapiens DLL4(delta-like 4)) and Anti-(Homo sapiens VEGFA (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A,VEGF-a, VEGF)), Humanized and Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody, Bispecific","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAVICIXIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Navicixizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Navicixizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP 305B83","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP-305B83","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP305B83","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896797"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1638338-43-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1W14T9L25W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766887"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766887"}]}}{"C78826":{"preferredName":"Anti-DR5 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody TRA-8","code":"C78826","definitions":[{"description":"An agonist mouse monoclonal antibody directed against TRAIL death receptor type 5 (DR5) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-DR5 agonist monoclonal antibody TRA-8 binds DR5, which may induce apoptosis in DR5-expressing tumor cells. DR5 is a tumor cell surface ligand that crosslinks with death receptor type 4 (DR4) when bound by TRAIL [Tumor necrosis (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand], triggering apoptosis via a death receptor signaling pathway. The apoptotic activity of this antibody may not require DR4/DR5 crosslinking.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DR5 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody TRA-8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-death Receptor 5 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody TRA-8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRA-8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387674"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601797"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601797"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-DR5_Agonist_Monoclonal_Antibody_TRA-8"}]}}{"C121158":{"preferredName":"Anti-DR5 Agonistic Antibody DS-8273a","code":"C121158","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against human death receptor type 5 (DR5), also called tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor 2, with potential pro-apoptotic and antitumor activities. Upon administration, anti-DR5 agonistic antibody DS-8273a mimics the natural receptor ligand TRAIL and binds to DR5. This activates DR5 and leads to the activation of the death receptor signal pathway, which results in the activation of caspase cascades, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a reduction in proliferation of DR5-expressing tumor cells. DR5, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, is expressed on the surfaces of a variety of tumor cells and plays a key role in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DR5 Agonistic Antibody DS-8273a","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-DR5 Agonistic Antibody DS-8273a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS 8273","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-8273A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DS-8273a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471819"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G674PEN33T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758683"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758683"}]}}{"C157062":{"preferredName":"Anti-DR5 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody INBRX-109","code":"C157062","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized, agonistic, tetravalent monoclonal antibody directed against human death receptor type 5 (DR5), also called tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor 2 (TRAILR2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, INBRX-109 specifically binds to exactly four DR5 receptors per molecule, which mimics the interaction of DR5 with its natural ligand TRAIL. This activates DR5 and the death receptor signaling pathway, which results in the activation of caspase cascades, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a reduction in proliferation of DR5-expressing tumor cells. Utilizing a tetravalent monoclonal antibody may overcome the challenge of generating effective DR5 clustering while avoiding toxicities associated with anti-drug antibody (ADA) hyper-clustering. DR5, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on the surfaces of a variety of tumor cells and plays a key role in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DR5 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody INBRX-109","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-DR5 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody INBRX-109","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX 109","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX-109","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX109","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936041"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796494"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796494"}]}}{"C155876":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody CPGJ 602","code":"C155876","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody CPGJ 602 targets and binds to EGFR, which prevents receptor dimerization and activation. This leads to an inhibition of EGFR-dependent downstream pathways and EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, may be overexpressed on the surfaces of various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody CPGJ 602","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPGJ 602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPGJ-602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPGJ602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562684"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794677"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794677"}]}}{"C2714":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody EMD 55900","code":"C2714","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exhibiting anti-tumor activity. EMD 55900 antibody binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR close to the EGF binding domain and does not induce any tyrosine kinase activity on its own. As a result, EMD 55900 binding inhibits receptor activation by natural ligands thereby interrupting activation of downstream signaling cascade, required for tumor cell growth and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody EMD 55900","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 55 900","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 55900","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mab 425","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 425","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512123"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"EMD_55900"}]}}{"C120316":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody GC1118","code":"C120316","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, human monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, GC1118 binds to and blocks the ligand binding site of EGFR, which prevents receptor dimerization and activation. This may lead to an inhibition of both EGFR-dependent downstream pathways and EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, may be overexpressed on the surfaces of various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody GC1118","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC1118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896855"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768860"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768860"}]}}{"C94221":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody GT-MAB 5.2-GEX","code":"C94221","definitions":[{"description":"A glycoengineered form of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody GT-MAB 5.2-GEX specifically binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, thereby potentially inducing an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against EGFR-expressing tumor cells, eventually leading to tumor cell apoptosis and an inhibition of tumor cell growth. EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor family of extracellular protein ligands, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumors. This antibody has a specific glycosylation profile that may enhance its ADCC response against EGFR-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody GT-MAB 5.2-GEX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CetuGEX","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426034"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687632"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687632"}]}}{"C163981":{"preferredName":"Pimurutamab","code":"C163981","definitions":[{"description":"A glycoengineered humanized version of the monoclonal antibody of cetuximab, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, pimurutamab selectively targets and binds to the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor. This may prevent EGFR-mediated signaling and inhibit EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. In addition, the glyco-optimization promotes antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor family of extracellular protein ligands, may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of certain tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody HLX-07","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetuximab Biobetter HLX07","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX 07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX-07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIMURUTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pimurutamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977244"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2251771-76-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5V1Y8T4RB6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799130"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799130"}]}}{"C99899":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody Mixture MM-151","code":"C99899","definitions":[{"description":"An oligoclonal therapeutic composed of three fully human monoclonal antibodies targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or ErbB1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of MM-151, the three antibodies bind to distinct, non-overlapping epitopes of EGFR, thereby preventing the binding of a full range of both high and low affinity EGFR ligands and inhibiting EGFR-ERK-mediated signaling. This eventually inhibits tumor cell proliferation in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. Furthermore, multi antibody-antigen bindings cause crosslinking of EGFR and downregulate receptor signalings that are mediated via heterodimerization of EGFR with other members of the EGFR family. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, is a key regulator of cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody Mixture MM-151","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody Mixture MM-151","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3275035"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724591"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724591"}]}}{"C78838":{"preferredName":"Imgatuzumab","code":"C78838","definitions":[{"description":"A glycoengineered monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Imgatuzumab binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor; the decrease in receptor activation and dimerization may result in an inhibition of downstream ERK and JNK signaling pathways and so inhibition of EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor family of extracellular protein ligands, may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibody RO5083945","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GA-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GA201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imgatuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imgatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7160","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7160","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7160","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387675"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"959963-46-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V77J4WJF9Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609889"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609889"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-EGFR_Monoclonal_Antibody_RO5083945"}]}}{"C117726":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody SCT200","code":"C117726","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody SCT200 targets EGFR, prevents the activation and subsequent dimerization of this receptor and inhibits both EGFR-mediated signal transduction and cellular proliferation of EGFR-expressing tumor cells. In addition, SCT200 may induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against EGFR-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody SCT200","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCT200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474121"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763740"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763740"}]}}{"C121550":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody SYN004","code":"C121550","definitions":[{"description":"A glyco-engineered monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody SYN004 binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, which prevents ligand binding and the subsequent activation and dimerization of the receptor. This inhibits the activation of EGFR-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. EGFR, a member of the EGFR receptor tyrosine kinase family, may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody SYN004","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody SYN004","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYN004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053588"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770314"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770314"}]}}{"C111906":{"preferredName":"Laprituximab Emtansine","code":"C111906","definitions":[{"description":"A targeted antibody payload (TAP)-based immunoconjugate consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) conjugated, via a nonreducible thioether linker (succinimidyl trans-4-(maleimidylmethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate or SMCC), to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid mertansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of laprituximab emtansine binds to and inhibits EGFR on tumor cell surfaces. Inhibition of EGFR prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. After internalization, the mertansine moiety binds to tubulin and interferes with microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. This inhibits both cell division and the proliferation of cancer cells that express EGFR. EGFR, overexpressed by a variety of cancers, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. Linkage of the antibody and drug, through a nonreducible linker, appears to contribute to the improved efficacy and reduced toxicity of this antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) compared to similar ADCs constructed with reducible linkers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR-SMCC-DM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN289","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAPRITUXIMAB EMTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Laprituximab Emtansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Laprituximab Emtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454236"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1622327-37-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7J0LQD86OG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753683"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753683"}]}}{"C158085":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody EMB-01","code":"C158085","definitions":[{"description":"A human, Fabs-in-tandem immunoglobulin (FIT-Ig)-based, tetravalent, bispecific antibody targeting both the epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR and the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR;; cMet; c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EGFR/c-Met bispecific antibody EMB-01 simultaneously targets and binds to wild-type or certain mutant forms of both EGFR and c-Met expressed on cancer cells, thereby preventing receptor phosphorylation. This prevents the activation of both EGFR- and c-Met-mediated signaling pathways and results in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. EGFR and c-Met, both upregulated or mutated in a variety of tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation. In EMB-01, the two antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) are fused directly in a crisscross orientation resulting in four active and independent antigen binding sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/Anti-c-Met Bispecific Antibody EMB-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody EMB-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody EMB-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-cMET/EGFR Bispecific Antibody EMB-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody EMB-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMB 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMB-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMB-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"EMB01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIT-013a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937694"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G86X5QQ7M5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797352"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797352"}]}}{"C124993":{"preferredName":"Amivantamab","code":"C124993","definitions":[{"description":"A human bispecific antibody targeting both epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; cMet), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, amivantamab simultaneously targets and binds to wild-type or certain mutant forms of both EGFR and cMet expressed on cancer cells, thereby preventing receptor phosphorylation. This prevents the activation of both EGFR- and cMet-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, binding results in receptor degradation, which further inhibits EGFR- and cMet-mediated signaling. JNJ-61186372 also causes antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Altogether, this results in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. EGFR and cMet, both upregulated or mutated in a variety of tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2171511-58-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMIVANTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amivantamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Amivantamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody JNJ-61186372","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-61186372","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503840"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2171511-58-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0JSR7Z0NB6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777269"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777269"}]}}{"C148507":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate AVID100","code":"C148507","definitions":[{"description":"A targeted antibody drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) conjugated to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid mertansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of AVID100 binds to and inhibits EGFR on tumor cell surfaces. Inhibition of EGFR prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. Following receptor internalization, the mertansine moiety binds to tubulin and interferes with microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. This inhibits both cell division and proliferation of cancer cells that express EGFR. EGFR, overexpressed by a variety of cancers, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC AVID100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVID-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AVID100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate AVID100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate AVID100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate AVID100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551039"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"91PZ0ZWR8S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792639"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792639"}]}}{"C131175":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR/HER2/HER3 Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym013","code":"C131175","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody mixture composed of six humanized, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibodies directed against three members of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; HER) family: EGFR (HER1; ErbB1), HER2 (ErbB2) and HER3 (ErbB3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-EGFR/HER2/HER3 monoclonal antibody mixture Sym013, the six antibodies bind to non-overlapping epitopes on EGFR, HER2 and HER3, which prevents both ligand binding and receptor activation, and induce simultaneous down-modulation of EGFR, HER2 and HER3. This inhibits the activation of HER-dependent signaling pathways and HER-dependent tumor cell proliferation. Overexpression of the HER family plays a key role in many cancers; targeting multiple HER family members simultaneously may increase therapeutic efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/HER2/HER3 Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym013","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/HER2/HER3 Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym013","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-HER mAb Mixture Sym013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym-013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-HER Antibody Mixture Sym013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513501"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785503"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785503"}]}}{"C150590":{"preferredName":"Serclutamab Talirine","code":"C150590","definitions":[{"description":"A antibody drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of serclutamab, an affinity-matured humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) conjugated to a talirine, a cytotoxic, DNA minor groove crosslinking agent and pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of serclutamab talirine, the serclutamab moiety targets and binds to EGFR on tumor cell surfaces. Following receptor internalization and lysosome-mediated cleavage, talirine is released. In turn, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is overexpressed by a variety of cancers, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC ABBV-321","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/PBD ADC ABBV-321","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERCLUTAMAB TALIRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Serclutamab Talirine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552328"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2140174-56-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7W0O278T12"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793472"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793472"}]}}{"C99222":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFRvIII Antibody Drug Conjugate AMG 595","code":"C99222","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the deletion-mutant of epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFRvIII, conjugated via a non-cleavable linker to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid DM1, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of this immunoconjugate binds to EGFRvIII on tumor cell surfaces. After internalization, the DM1 moiety binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics and inhibiting cell division and the proliferation of cancer cells that express the EGFRvIII mutant. EGFRvIII, a deletion mutation of exons 2-7 in the epidermal growth factor receptor gene, is overexpressed by a variety of cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme, non-small lung carcinoma, and breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 595","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII Antibody Drug Conjugate AMG 595","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII Antibody Drug Conjugate AMG 595","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII-DM1 Immunoconjugate AMG 595","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274618"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"718917"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"718917"}]}}{"C88307":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFRvIII Immunotoxin MR1-1","code":"C88307","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant immunotoxin consisting of single-chain variable domain fragment antibody directed against the tumor-specific antigen EGFRvIII (MR1scFv) fused to domains II and III of the Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE38KDEL), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of anti-EGFRvIII immunotoxin MR1-1 binds to EGFRvIII; upon internalization, the exotoxin portion inhibits protein synthesis, resulting in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation of EGFRvIII- expressing tumor cells. EGFRvIII, a type III in-frame deletion mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, is expressed by a variety of cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme, non-small lung carcinoma, and breast carcinoma. Compared to intact IgG antibodies, single-chain antibodies such as MR1scFv are smaller and may penetrate tumors better. Pseudomonas exotoxin PE38KDEL was modified to remove the natural cell binding domain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII Immunotoxin MR1-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII Immunotoxin MR1-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MR1-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MR1-1KDEL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MR1scFvPE38KDEL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413562"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659598"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659598"}]}}{"C146824":{"preferredName":"Etevritamab","code":"C146824","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary recombinant bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one that is directed against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) deletion-mutant form, EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII), and one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of etevritamab, the bispecific antibody binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and EGFRvIII found on EGFRvIII-expressing tumor cells. This activates and crosslinks CTLs with EGFRvIII-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of EGFRvIII-expressing tumor cells. EGFRvIII, a mutation in the EGFR gene where exons 2-7 have been deleted, is overexpressed by a variety of cancers, but is absent in normal, healthy cells. It plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis and resistance to both radio- and chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII x Anti-CD3 Bi-specific T-cell Engager AMG 596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific BITE Antibody AMG 596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFRvIII specific BiTE Antibody AMG 596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETEVRITAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etevritamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etevritamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544854"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2329692-74-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WR4J8FV2SM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792074"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792074"}]}}{"C90551":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGP-2 Immunotoxin MOC31-PE","code":"C90551","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotoxin consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against epithelial glycoprotein-2 (EP-2, or epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)) conjugated to the bacterial toxin Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-EGP-2 immunotoxin MOC31-PE, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to EP-2. Upon internalization, the Pseudomonas exotoxin A moiety then inactivates elongation factor 2 (EF-2) through ADP ribosylation, resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis in EP-2-expressing cells. EP-2, a tumor-associated antigen, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGP-2 Immunotoxin MOC31-PE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Epithelial Glycoprotein-2 Immunotoxin MOC31-PE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOC31-PE","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416235"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666058"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666058"}]}}{"C102980":{"preferredName":"Anti-ENPP3 Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16C3F","code":"C102980","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a fully human monoclonal antibody (AGS-16C) directed to the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3 (ENPP3), conjugated via a non-cleavable linker to monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, that has potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of ADC AGS-16C3F, the monoclonal antibody moiety of this conjugate selectively binds to ENPP3 then is internalized and undergoes proteolytic cleavage to release MMAF. MMAF binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. While normally expressed at low levels in the proximal tubules of the kidney, the type II transmembrane glycoprotein ENPP3 has been found to be overexpressed in renal neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC AGS-16C3F","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGS-16C3F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGS-16C3F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anti-ENPP3 Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16C3F","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ENPP3 Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16C3F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437217"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VC1D38AGN9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739766"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739766"}]}}{"C116626":{"preferredName":"Anti-ENPP3/MMAF Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16M8F","code":"C116626","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G2k monoclonal antibody (AGS-16C) directed against the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3 (ENPP3, NPP3, B10, PDNP3 CD203c, or PD-IBETA ), conjugated, via the non-cleavable maleimidocaproyl (mc) linker, to monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of anti-ENPP3/MMAF ADC AGS-16M8F, the monoclonal antibody moiety selectively binds to ENPP3 expressed on tumor cells; upon internalization, the ADC is degraded by lysosomal proteases and MMAF is released. In turn, MMAF binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. While normally expressed at low levels in the proximal tubules of the kidney, the type II transmembrane glycoprotein ENPP3 is overexpressed in most renal neoplasms and some liver cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS-16M8F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ENPP3/MMAF Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16M8F","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ENPP3/MMAF Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16M8F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421575"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673092"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673092"}]}}{"C133022":{"preferredName":"Anti-Ep-CAM Monoclonal Antibody ING-1","code":"C133022","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM; EpCAM; CD326), with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration, anti-Ep-CAM monoclonal antibody ING-1 binds to Ep-CAM, which may result in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against Ep-CAM-expressing tumor cells. Ep-CAM, a cell surface protein upregulated on many tumor cell types, promotes the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Ep-CAM Monoclonal Antibody ING-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ING 1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ING-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328238"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357603"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357603"}]}}{"C136981":{"preferredName":"Anti-EphA2 Antibody-directed Liposomal Docetaxel Prodrug MM-310","code":"C136981","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation containing nanoparticles composed of liposomes that are conjugated to scFv antibody fragments directed against the ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2; Ephrin A2) and a proprietary prodrug of docetaxel, a poorly water-soluble, second-generation taxane analog, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the anti-EphA2 antibody-directed liposomal docetaxel prodrug MM-310, the anti-EphA2 moiety selectively targets and binds to cells expressing EphI3:I12A2. Following accumulation of MM-310, docetaxel is slowly released from MM-310 and accumulates at the tumor site due to the unique characteristics of the tumor vasculature. In turn, docetaxel is taken up by tumor cells, where it binds to and stabilizes the beta-subunit of tubulin, thereby stabilizing microtubules and inhibiting microtubule disassembly. This results in cell cycle arrest and the induction of cell death. The cell-surface receptor EphA2, a member of the ephrin family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that are involved in mammalian development, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor growth; its expression is associated with poor prognosis. Compared to free docetaxel, MM-310 increases docetaxel's half-life, and provides enhanced and specific accumulation in EphA2-expressing tumors, thereby increasing docetaxel's efficacy while lowering its systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EphA2 Antibody-directed Liposomal Docetaxel Prodrug MM-310","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EphA2 Antibody-directed Liposomal Docetaxel Prodrug MM-310","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EphA2 Antibody-targeted Nanoliposome MM-310","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EphA2 Docetaxel-based Nanoliposome MM-310","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EphA2-targeted Docetaxel Nanoliposome MM-310","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM 310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524774"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789748"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789748"}]}}{"C118447":{"preferredName":"Anti-EphA2 Monoclonal Antibody DS-8895a","code":"C118447","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EphA2 monoclonal antibody DS-8895a selectively binds to cells expressing the EphA2 receptor. This blocks EphA2 activation and EphA2-mediated signaling. In addition, DS-8895a may activate an immune response against EphA2-expressing tumor cells. The cell-surface receptor EphA2, a member of the ephrin family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that are involved in mammalian development, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EphA2 Monoclonal Antibody DS-8895a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-8895a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471759"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756010"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756010"}]}}{"C79836":{"preferredName":"Anti-EphA2 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAF Immunoconjugate MEDI-547","code":"C79836","definitions":[{"description":"An auristatin analogue immunoconjugate directed against Eph receptor A2 (EphA2)-positive cancer cells with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-EphA2 monoclonal antibody-MMAF immunoconjugate MEDI-547 is generated by conjugating the fully human IgG1 anti-EphA2 monoclonal antibody (1C1) to the small-molecule microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin phenylalanine (MMAF) via the stable linker maleimidocaproyl (mc) (1C1-mcMMAF). The monoclonal antibody moiety of this agent selectively binds to cells expressing the EphA2 receptor. After internalization and enzymatic cleavage of the immunoconjugate within the tumor cell cytosol, free MMAF binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. The cell-surface receptor EphA2, a member of the ephrin family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) involved in mammalian development, is overexpressed by a variety of different cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1C1-mcMMAF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EphA2 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAF Immunoconjugate MEDI-547","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EphA2 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAF Immunoconjugate MEDI-547","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-547","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Medi-547","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703178"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D21E6RU881"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629927"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629927"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-EphA2_Monoclonal_Antibody-MMAF_Immunoconjugate_MEDI-547"}]}}{"C85486":{"preferredName":"Anti-ErbB2/Anti-ErbB3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MM-111","code":"C85486","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptors ErbB2 (Her2) and ErbB3 (Her3) with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-ErB2 targeting arm of anti-ErbB2/anti-ErbB3 bispecific monoclonal antibody MM-111 binds to ErbB2 on tumor cells with high affinity while the anti-Erb3 therapeutic arm binds to ErbB3, which may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation in ErbB2-overexpressing tumor cells via inhibition of ErbB3-dependent signal transduction pathways. ErbB2 and ErB3 are members of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases and are frequently overexpressed in solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ErbB2/Anti-ErbB3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MM-111","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ErbB2/Anti-ErbB3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MM-111","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830144"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647542"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647542"}]}}{"C158746":{"preferredName":"Barecetamab","code":"C158746","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human antibody directed against the receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-3 (ErbB3; HER3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, barecetamab targets and binds to domain 3 and weakly interacts with domain 1 of ErbB3. This prevents heregulin (HRG) binding and blocks dimerization of ErbB3, thereby inactivating ErbB3 downstream signaling. ISU104 may also elicit the internalization of ErbB3 from the plasma membrane and downregulate ErbB3 expression. This inhibits cellular proliferation and survival of ErbB3-expressing tumor cells. ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in a variety of tumors and its overexpression generally correlates with poor prognosis and tumor resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3 Antibody ISU104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER3 Antibody ISU104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BARECETAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Barecetamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISU 104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISU-104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISU104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL950712"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2275727-74-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M9SE4M9U1V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797411"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797411"}]}}{"C102535":{"preferredName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody AV-203","code":"C102535","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) directed against the human receptor tyrosine-protein kinase ErbB-3 (HER3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-ErbB3 MoAb AV-203 binds to and inhibits both ligand neuregulin-1 (NRG-1)-dependent and ligand-independent ErbB3 activation, which may result in inhibition of ErbB3-dependent PI3K/Akt signaling and may lead to inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation. ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, is frequently overexpressed in solid tumors and its overexpression generally correlates with poor prognosis and tumor resistance; it has no active kinase domain itself but is activated through heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family that do.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AV 203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AV-203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AV-203","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AV203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3 MoAb AV-203","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody AV-203","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody AV-203","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAN-017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640798"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1353581-77-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"841P9W25WA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734410"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734410"}]}}{"C113333":{"preferredName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody CDX-3379","code":"C113333","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor ErbB3 (HER3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-ErbB3 monoclonal antibody CDX-3379 targets and binds to a unique epitope on ErbB3, thereby preventing ErbB3 phosphorylation and both ligand-dependent and ligand-independent ErbB3 signaling. This inhibits cellular proliferation and survival of ErbB3-expressing tumor cells. ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in a variety of tumors and its overexpression generally correlates with poor prognosis and tumor resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody CDX-3379","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody CDX-3379","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX 3379","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-3379","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-3379","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CDX3379","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTN 3379","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTN-3379","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTN3379","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458161"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"00X6I56YXR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756069"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756069"}]}}{"C103859":{"preferredName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody REGN1400","code":"C103859","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor ErbB3 (Her3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-ErbB3 monoclonal antibody REGN1400 binds to ErbB3 and prevents neuregulin 1 ligand binding to ErbB3, which may result in an inhibition of ErbB3-dependent phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling. This eventually leads to the inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation. ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in a variety of solid tumors and its overexpression generally correlates with poor prognosis and tumor resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody REGN1400","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 1400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-1400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN1400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438337"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743118"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743118"}]}}{"C103863":{"preferredName":"Istiratumab","code":"C103863","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor ErbB3 (Her3) and the human insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-IGF-1R targeting arm of Istiratumab binds to IGF-1R on tumor cells thereby preventing the binding of the natural ligands IGF-1, 2 and heregulin (HRG) to IGF-1R; the anti-ErbB3 therapeutic arm prevents the binding of neuregulin (NRG) to ErbB3. This prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway and may result in both the induction of apoptosis and a decrease in cellular proliferation in IGF-1R and ErbB3-overexpressing tumor cells. IGF-1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase of the insulin receptor superfamily, and ErB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, are frequently overexpressed in solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ISTIRATUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Istiratumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Istiratumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-141","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641662"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1509928-04-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XLR461MD3M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743370"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743370"}]}}{"C116742":{"preferredName":"Anti-ETBR/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DEDN6526A","code":"C116742","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody against anti-endothelin B receptor (ETBR) and covalently linked to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of DEDN6526A binds to ETBR-expressing tumor cells and is internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Proteolytic cleavage releases MMAE, which then binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. ETBR, a G-protein coupled receptor that can activate RAF/MEK signaling, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DEDN6526A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ETBR/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DEDN6526A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ETBR/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DEDN6526A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEDN6526A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433966"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724717"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724717"}]}}{"C129383":{"preferredName":"Simlukafusp Alfa","code":"C129383","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fusion protein comprised of a human monoclonal antibody directed against fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAP) linked to an engineered, variant form of interleukin-2 (IL-2v), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of simlukafusp alfa, the monoclonal antibody moiety recognizes and binds to FAP, thereby concentrating IL-2 in FAP-expressing tumor tissue. Subsequently, the IL-2 moiety of this fusion protein may stimulate a local immune response and activate natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-cells. FAP is a cell surface protein that is expressed on a wide variety of cancer cells. IL-2v cannot bind to IL-2 receptor-alpha (CD25, IL2Ra) and does not activate regulatory T-cells (Tregs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-FAP/Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein RO6874281","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAP-IL2v FP RO6874281","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAP-IL2v RO6874281","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 6874281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-6874281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO6874281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIMLUKAFUSP ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Simlukafusp Alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Simlukafusp Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aFAP-IL2v RO6874281","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512652"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1776942-10-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FL08SGO9XA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783990"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783990"}]}}{"C139549":{"preferredName":"Cevostamab","code":"C139549","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary recombinant bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Fc receptor-like protein 5 (FCRH5; CD307; FCRL5; IRTA2; BXMAS1) and one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of cevostamab, the bispecific antibody binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and FCRH5 found on FCRH5-expressing tumor cells. This activates and crosslinks CTLs with FCRH5-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of FCRH5-expressing tumor cells. FCRH5, an immune receptor translocation-associated protein/Fc receptor homolog (IRTA/FCRH) family member and a B-cell lineage marker, is overexpressed on myeloma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-FCRH5 x Anti-CD3 Bi-specific T-cell Engager BFCR4350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FCRH5/CD3 BiTE Antibody BFCR4350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FCRH5/CD3 TDB BFCR4350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BFCR4350A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEVOSTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cevostamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cevostamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cevostamab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCRH5/CD3 T Cell Dependent Bispecific Antibody BFCR4350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCRH5/CD3 TDB Antibody BFCR4350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7187797","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Anti-FCRH5 x Anti-CD3 Bi-specific T-cell Engager BFCR4350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526909"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P86BHN01VE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791048"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791048"}]}}{"C107683":{"preferredName":"Aprutumab","code":"C107683","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2 (FGFR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, aprutumab binds to and inhibits FGFR2, which may result in the inhibition of both FGFR2 phosphorylation and FGFR2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of cell death of FGFR2-expressing tumor cells. FGFR2, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase, which is essential to tumor cellular proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGC-2500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APRUTUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aprutumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1179470","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1179470","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL451871"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GK8781218Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751593"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751593"}]}}{"C123829":{"preferredName":"Anti-FGFR3 Antibody-drug Conjugate LY3076226","code":"C123829","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 3 (FGFR3) that is conjugated to an undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of anti-FGFR3 ADC LY3076226 binds to FGFR3. Upon internalization, the cytotoxic moiety causes cell death in FGFR3-expressing tumor cells. FGFR3, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC LY3076226","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FGFR3 ADC LY3076226","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FGFR3 Antibody-drug Conjugate LY3076226","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-FGFR3 Antibody-drug Conjugate LY3076226","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 Antibody-Drug Conjugate LY3076226","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3076226","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY3076226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498222"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GP2L3N7FIM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775899"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775899"}]}}{"C126334":{"preferredName":"Anti-FGFR4 Monoclonal Antibody U3-1784","code":"C126334","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody against human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, U3-1784 specifically binds to and blocks FGFR4. This prevents the activation of FGFR4, inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed by certain tumor cell types, is involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-FGFR4 Monoclonal Antibody U3-1784","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U3 1784","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U3-1784","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504900"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779617"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779617"}]}}{"C129937":{"preferredName":"Anti-FLT3 Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS62P1","code":"C129937","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT3 (FLT-3; FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3; CD135; fetal-liver kinase 2; FLK2) and conjugated, via an oxime linker and the site-directed non-natural amino acid linker para-acetyl-phenylalanine (pAcF), to a microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ADC AGS62P1, the antibody moiety targets and binds to FLT3. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the microtubule-targeting agent binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. The site-specific conjugation of the cytotoxic agent to the antibody, through pAcF, improves the biophysical properties of AGS62P1, increases payload distribution and stability, and optimizes its efficacy. FLT3, a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage, acute lymphoblastic leukemias and acute myeloid leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC AGS62P1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGS62P1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGS62P1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anti-FLT3 Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS62P1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-FLT3 Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS62P1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513016"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"37I4D4Q7S2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785317"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785317"}]}}{"C129376":{"preferredName":"Anti-FLT3 Monoclonal Antibody 4G8-SDIEM","code":"C129376","definitions":[{"description":"A human, Fc-optimized, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor (CD135), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon binding to FLT3, anti-FLT3 monoclonal antibody 4G8-SDIEM blocks FLT3 ligand binding to FLT3 and subsequent phosphorylation of FLT3, which may result in the inhibition of FLT3-mediated signal transduction pathways. In addition, this agent may stimulate an anti-FLT3 antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against FLT3-expressing tumor cells, which may lead to the inhibition of cellular proliferation and decreased survival in FLT3-expressing cells. FLT3 (FLK2), a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage and acute myeloid leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4G8-SDIEM","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FLT3 Monoclonal Antibody 4G8-SDIEM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLYSYN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512340"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783748"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783748"}]}}{"C85453":{"preferredName":"Anti-FLT3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-EB10","code":"C85453","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human, IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor (CD135) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon binding to FLT3, anti-FLT3 monoclonal antibody IMC-EB10 blocks FLT3 ligand binding to FLT3 and subsequent FLT3 phosphorylation, which may result in the inhibition of FLT3-mediated signal transduction pathways. In addition, this agent may stimulate an anti-FLT3 antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against FLT3-expressing tumor cells, which may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and survival in FLT3-expressing cells. FLT3 (FLK2), a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage and acute myeloid leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-FLT3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-EB10","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-FLT3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-EB10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-EB10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830134"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642753"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642753"}]}}{"C156399":{"preferredName":"Anti-FLT3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 427","code":"C156399","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3; FLT3; FLT-3; CD135; fetal liver kinase-2; FLK2), fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-FLT3/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 427, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and FLT3 found on FLT3-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to FLT3-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of FLT3-expressing tumor cells. FLT3, a cytokine receptor belonging to the class III tyrosine kinase receptors, is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage and acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 427","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-427","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-427","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AMG427","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FLT3 x Anti-CD3 BiTE AMG 427","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FLT3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 427","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-FLT3/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 427","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 427","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 427","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLT3/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 427","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563094"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P9I9Z3MF7Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795695"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795695"}]}}{"C158067":{"preferredName":"Anti-Folate Receptor-alpha Antibody Drug Conjugate STRO-002","code":"C158067","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) composed of SP8166 (H01), an anti-folate receptor alpha (FolRa; FOLR1) human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody, conjugated to a proprietary cleavable drug linker, SC239, containing a tubulin-targeting 3-aminophenyl hemiasterlin warhead, SC209, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the SP8166 antibody moiety targets and binds to FolRa expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization, and enzymatic cleavage, the cytotoxic SC209 moiety induces tumor cell death in FolRa-expressing cells. FolRa is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linked cell-surface glycoprotein that is widely expressed in certain cancers including serous and epithelial ovarian cancer, endometrial adenocarcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer and triple negative breast cancer. In contrast, FolRa expression is limited in normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-FolRa ADC STRO-002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FolRalpha ADC STRO-002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Folate Receptor-alpha Antibody Drug Conjugate STRO-002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Folate Receptor-alpha Antibody Drug Conjugate STRO-002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STRO 002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STRO-002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STRO002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937710"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797174"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797174"}]}}{"C118443":{"preferredName":"Anti-fucosyl-GM1 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986012","code":"C118443","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the ganglioside fucosyl-GM1, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, anti-fucosyl-GM1 monoclonal antibody BMS-986012 binds to fucosyl-GM1 on cancer cells and may activate both antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against the bound tumor cells. This may inhibit the proliferation of GM1-expressing tumor cells. Fucosyl-GM1, a sphingolipid monosialoganglioside and tumor associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on the surface of many cancer cells while its expression is minimal or non-existent in normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-fucosyl-GM1 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986012","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-fucosyl-GM1 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986012","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986012","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896899"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q8PK97HY9B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764995"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764995"}]}}{"C79795":{"preferredName":"Anti-Ganglioside GM2 Monoclonal Antibody BIW-8962","code":"C79795","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized anti-ganglioside GM2 (GM2) monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, anti-ganglioside GM2 monoclonal antibody BIW-8962 may activate an antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against GM2-expressing tumor cells. GM2 is a tumor associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of many cancer cells, such as multiple myeloma (MM) cells and neuroblastoma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GM2 Monoclonal Antibody BIW-8962","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Ganglioside GM2 Monoclonal Antibody BIW-8962","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Ganglioside GM2 Monoclonal Antibody BIW-8962","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIW-8962","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703163"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"618862"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"618862"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-Ganglioside_GM2_Monoclonal_Antibody_BIW-896"}]}}{"C101524":{"preferredName":"Indusatumab Vedotin","code":"C101524","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a monoclonal antibody directed against guanylyl cyclase C (GCC or GUCY2C) conjugated to monomethylauristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of indusatumab vedotin selectively binds to GCC, a transmembrane receptor normally found on intestinal cells and dopamine neurons in the brain, but is also overexpressed on the surface of gastrointestinal cancers. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis in GCC-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INDUSATUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Indusatumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indusatumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN0264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435781"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1514889-12-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3F0FR4W3H8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732254"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732254"}]}}{"C156707":{"preferredName":"Anti-GCC Antibody-Drug Conjugate TAK-164","code":"C156707","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of a full-length, fully-human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against the extracellular domain of guanylyl cyclase C (GCC; GUCY2C), conjugated using the peptide-linked indolino-benzodiazepine DNA alkylator DGN549 (IGN-P1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of TAK-164, the antibody moiety selectively binds to GCC-expressing cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the cytotoxic DGN549 payload is released and binds to guanine residues on opposing strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of GCC-expressing cells. GCC, a transmembrane receptor normally found on intestinal cells and dopamine neurons in the brain, is overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GCC ADC TAK-164","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GCC Antibody-Drug Conjugate TAK-164","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GCC Antibody-Drug Conjugate TAK-164","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK 164","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-164","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-164","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TAK164","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935871"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QCA97P3GSS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795729"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795729"}]}}{"C158436":{"preferredName":"Anti-GD2 hu3F8/Anti-CD3 huOKT3 Bispecific Antibody","code":"C158436","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody comprised of a humanized anti-CD3 OKT3 (huOKT3) single chain variable fragment (scFv), linked to the carboxyl end of a humanized anti-GD2 3F8 (hu3F8) immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) light chain, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the anti-GD2 hu3F8/anti-CD3 huOKT3 bispecific antibody binds to CD3 on T-cells and disialoganglioside GD2 expressed on certain tumor cells, thereby cross-linking T-cells with GD2-expressing tumor cells. This promotes a selective cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GD2-expressing cells. The Fc region of the anti-GD2 hu3F8/anti-CD3 huOKT3 bispecific antibody has two amino acid substitutions, N297A and K322A, which may prevent cytokine release syndrome and other unwanted side effects including complement-mediated pain. GD2, a disialoganglioside and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types. CD3 is part of the functional T-cell receptor (TCR) complex, which is necessary for antigen recognition by T-cells and is required for signal transduction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GD2 hu3F8/Anti-CD3 huOKT3 Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GD2 hu3F8/Anti-CD3 huOKT3 Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized 3F8 Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Anti-GD2 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hu3F8 x huOKT3 Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hu3F8-BsAb","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937882"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C80042":{"preferredName":"Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody hu14.18K322A","code":"C80042","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against human glycosphingolipid GD2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon binding to the GD2 antigen, anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody hu14.18K322A triggers a host immune response against GD2-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. GD2, an O-acetylated disialoganglioside with expression in normal tissues restricted primarily to the cerebellum and peripheral nerves, is commonly expressed at high levels on tumors of neuroectodermal origins such as melanomas and neuroblastomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody hu14.18K322A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody hu14.18K322A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hu14.18K322A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388377"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614666"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614666"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-GD2_Monoclonal_Antibody_hu14_18K322A"}]}}{"C91383":{"preferredName":"Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-028","code":"C91383","definitions":[{"description":"A human IgM monoclonal antibody directed against disialoganglioside GD2 with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody MORAb-028 may stimulate the immune system to exert a complement-mediated cytotoxic response against GD2-expressing tumor cells. The glycosphingolipid GD2 is a tumor associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of many cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-028","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORAb-028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421587"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673996"}]}}{"C136426":{"preferredName":"Anti-GD3 Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06688992","code":"C136426","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against the ganglioside GD3, a surface antigen expressed on many malignant melanoma cells, and linked to an as of yet not fully elucidated chemotherapeutic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the ADC PF-06688992, the antibody moiety targets and binds to GD3 expressed on melanoma cells. Upon internalization, the chemotherapeutic agent specifically kills the GD3-positive cells. GD3 represents a major surface marker on most human melanoma cells and is not expressed on most other types of normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GD3 ADC PF-06688992","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GD3 Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06688992","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GD3 Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06688992","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GD3 ADC PF-06688992","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06688992","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06688992","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06688992","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523729"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X6L6R3CFT8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789230"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789230"}]}}{"C159411":{"preferredName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ASP1951","code":"C159411","definitions":[{"description":"A human, high-affinity, tetravalent monospecific agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR; tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 18; TNFRSF18; CD357), with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Upon administration, anti-GITR agonistic monoclonal antibody ASP1951 binds to and activates GITR, which is expressed on the cell surface of multiple types of T-lymphocytes. This induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor antigen-specific T-effector cells (Teffs), and suppresses the function of activated T-regulatory cells (Tregs), which may promote the elimination of tumor cells. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily and T-cell receptor co-stimulator, is expressed on the surface of multiple immune cell types, including Tregs, Teffs, B-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Inappropriately activated Tregs suppress both Teffs and T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP 1951","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-1951","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP1951","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ASP1951","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ASP1951","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody PTZ-522","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTZ 522","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTZ-522","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTZ522","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951269"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797644"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797644"}]}}{"C132267":{"preferredName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986156","code":"C132267","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR; tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 18; TNFRSF18; CD357) agonistic monoclonal antibody, with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Anti-GITR antibody BMS-986156 binds to and activates GITR, which is expressed on the cell surface of multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system, induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor antigen-specific T-effector cells (Teffs), and suppresses the function of activated T-regulatory cells (Tregs). This leads to tumor cell eradication. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily and T-cell receptor co-stimulator, is expressed on the surface of multiple immune cell types, including Tregs, Teffs, B-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Inappropriately activated Tregs suppress both Teffs and T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986156","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986156","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GITR MoAb BMS-986156","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986156","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986156","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GITR Agonist BMS-986156","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFRSF18 Agonist BMS-986156","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507899"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780443"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780443"}]}}{"C126643":{"preferredName":"Ragifilimab","code":"C126643","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 18; TNFRSF18; GITR; CD357) agonistic humanized monoclonal antibody, with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Ragifilimab binds to and activates GITRs found on multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system, induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells (Teff), and suppresses the function of activated T regulatory cells (Tregs). This leads to tumor cell eradication. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily and T-cell receptor co-stimulator, is expressed on the surface of multiple immune cell types, including Tregs, Teffs, B-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Inappropriately activated Tregs suppress Teffs and suppress T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01876","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN 01876","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN 1876","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN-1876","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN01876","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAGIFILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ragifilimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ragifilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503760"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2207590-51-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O440IW9NHN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779746"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779746"}]}}{"C128028":{"preferredName":"Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody GWN 323","code":"C128028","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 18; TNFRSF18; GITR; CD357) agonistic monoclonal antibody, with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Anti-GITR antibody GWN 323 binds to and activates GITRs found on multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system, induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells (Teff), and suppresses the function of activated T regulatory cells (Tregs). This leads to tumor cell eradication. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily and T-cell receptor co-stimulator, is expressed on the surface of multiple immune cell types, including Tregs, Teffs, B-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Inappropriately activated Tregs suppress both Teffs and T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody GWN 323","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody GWN 323","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GWN 323","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GWN-323","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GWN323","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507922"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WYJ05POC5C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781243"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781243"}]}}{"C116065":{"preferredName":"Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody MK-4166","code":"C116065","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) agonistic monoclonal antibody (MoAb) with potential immunomodulating activity. Anti-GITR monoclonal antibody MK-4166 binds to and activates GITRs found on multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system and induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells, and suppresses the function of activated T regulatory cells. This leads to tumor cell eradication. Also, this agent is shown to act synergistically with chemotherapeutic drugs in multiple cancer models. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, is expressed on the surface of multiple types of immune cells, including regulatory T-cells, effector T-cells, B-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody MK-4166","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-4166","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473484"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760889"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760889"}]}}{"C153261":{"preferredName":"Anti-Globo H Monoclonal Antibody OBI-888","code":"C153261","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody targeting the hexasaccharide glycosphingolipid antigen Globo H with potential immunostimulating, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion, anti-Globo H monoclonal antibody OBI-888 may induce tumor cell destruction via the activation of antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and may reduce immunosuppression. Globo H is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on the surface of various types of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Globo H Monoclonal Antibody OBI-888","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Globo H Monoclonal Antibody OBI-888","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI 888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI-888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI-888","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OBI888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554489"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JI5TBH62QP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794060"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794060"}]}}{"C129936":{"preferredName":"Anti-Glypican 3/CD3 Bispecific Antibody ERY974","code":"C129936","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-glypican 3 (GPC3; GPC-3)/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-GPC3/CD3 bispecific antibody ERY974 possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for GPC3, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of ERY974, this bispecific antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing and GPC3-expressing cells, thereby crosslinking GPC3-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated lysis of GPC3-expressing tumor cells. GPC3, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan and an oncofetal antigen protein, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers; it plays a role in cell division and growth regulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GPC3/CD3 BiAb ERY974","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GPC3/CD3 Bispecific Antibody ERY974","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Glypican 3/CD3 Bispecific Antibody ERY974","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Glypican 3/CD3 Bispecific Antibody ERY974","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERY-974","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ERY974","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512901"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PGF2HXQ0D3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785257"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785257"}]}}{"C85464":{"preferredName":"Anti-GnRH Vaccine PEP223","code":"C85464","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine derived from the synthetic peptide pyroEHWSYGLRPG, corresponding to amino acids 22-31 of mouse gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), with potential immunocastration activity. PEP223 is dimerized and contains a D-lysine (k) substitution at position 6 (pyroEHWSYkLRPG) to increase its immunogenicity. Anti-GnRH vaccine PEP223 may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GnRH, neutralizing its activity. In turn, testosterone production and tumor cell growth may be inhibited in testosterone-sensitive tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GnRH Vaccine PEP223","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412337"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643767"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643767"}]}}{"C118442":{"preferredName":"Anti-gpA33/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MGD007","code":"C118442","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-glycoprotein A33 (gpA33)/anti-CD3 bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-gpA33/CD3 monoclonal antibody MGD007 possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for gpA33, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of MGD007, this bispecific antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and gpA33-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) to gpA33-expressing tumor cells. This may result in CTL-mediated cell lysis of the crosslinked tumor cells. The gpA33 antigen, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is expressed in certain malignancies, including colon and gastrointestinal cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-gpA33/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MGD007","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-gpA33/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MGD007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized gpA33 x CD3 DART (TM) Protein MGD007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD-007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MGD007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896811"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OZ8N9U6CEH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764994"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764994"}]}}{"C103857":{"preferredName":"Anti-GRP78 Monoclonal Antibody PAT-SM6","code":"C103857","definitions":[{"description":"A IgM monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78; also called BiP or HSPA5), with potential proapoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of the anti-GRP78 monoclonal antibody PAT-SM6, the MoAb strongly binds to GRP78, thereby preventing the activation of multiple GRP78-mediated pathways and blocking the GRP78-induced suppression of apoptotic pathways. This eventually leads to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. GRP78, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone and unfolded protein response (UPR) regulator, is overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cell types; its expression is associated with increased tumor cell survival and proliferation, as well as angiogenesis and resistance to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GRP78 Monoclonal Antibody PAT-SM6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAT-SM6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438335"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743101"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743101"}]}}{"C131295":{"preferredName":"Anti-HA Epitope Monoclonal Antibody MEDI8852","code":"C131295","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 kappa monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting a unique epitope in the stalk of the influenza A hemagglutinin (HA) protein, with broad influenza A virus neutralization activity. MEDI8852 was derived from an antibody isolated from human memory B-cells from patients previously infected with influenza caused by type A strains that was further optimized to increase neutralization potential. Upon infusion, MEDI8852 targets and binds to a region within the stalk of the HA protein that is highly conserved amongst all influenza A virus subtypes. This neutralizes and prevents essential steps of the viral lifecycle, thereby blocking infectivity of all influenza A virus subtypes. HA, a glycoprotein found on the surface of the influenza virus, plays a key role in viral attachment and cell entry.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HA Epitope Monoclonal Antibody MEDI8852","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HA Epitope Monoclonal Antibody MEDI8852","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Influenza A Hemagglutinin Epitope mAb MEDI8852","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 8852","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-8852","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-8852","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MEDI8852","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-Influenza A mAb MEDI8852","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514244"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OZS4TXB9VO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785886"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785886"}]}}{"C95721":{"preferredName":"Anti-HB-EGF Monoclonal Antibody KHK2866","code":"C95721","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary fucose-free monoclonal antibody directed against human heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HBEGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HB-EGF Monoclonal Antibody KHK2866 binds to HBEGF, thereby blocking its binding to the EGF receptors. This prevents EGF receptor activation and the subsequent induction of cell growth signaling. HBEGF is mitogenic for fibroblasts and smooth muscle and may be involved in macrophage-mediated cellular proliferation. The fucose-free monoclonal antibodies enhance antigen dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and increase binding affinity to the Fc Receptor to overcome genetic polymorphism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HB-EGF MoAb KHK2866","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HB-EGF Monoclonal Antibody KHK2866","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HB-EGF Monoclonal Antibody KHK2866","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KHK-2866","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"KHK2866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428183"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"111EN0IJ7C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694265"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694265"}]}}{"C95736":{"preferredName":"Anti-HBEGF Monoclonal Antibody U3-1565","code":"C95736","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HBEGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HBEGF monoclonal antibody U3-1565 binds to HBEGF and blocks the binding of HBEGF to the EGF receptors. This prevents EGF receptor activation and the subsequent induction of cell growth signaling. HBEGF is mitogenic for fibroblasts and smooth muscle and may be involved in macrophage-mediated cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HBEGF Monoclonal Antibody U3-1565","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HBEGF Monoclonal Antibody U3-1565","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U3-1565","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428196"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695315"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695315"}]}}{"C116630":{"preferredName":"Anti-hepcidin Monoclonal Antibody LY2787106","code":"C116630","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) targeting the peptide hormone hepcidin, with potential anti-anemic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-hepcidin MoAb LY2787106 binds to hepcidin and prevents it from binding to the iron exporting protein ferroportin, which is expressed on both the basolateral surface of gastrointestinal (GI) enterocytes and the plasma membrane of macrophages. This prevents hepcidin-induced internalization and degradation of ferroportin and increases ferroportin-mediated iron export, thus increasing iron export from macrophages and iron absorption by enterocytes. This normalizes plasma iron levels, increases erythropoiesis and may inhibit anemia. Hepcidin, produced in hepatocytes, plays a key role in the homeostasis of systemic iron; it is upregulated during acute and chronic inflammation in response to cytokines and, in certain cancers, may contribute to cancer-associated anemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-hepcidin Monoclonal Antibody LY2787106","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-hepcidin Monoclonal Antibody LY2787106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2787106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY2787106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433725"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q87RWM02HX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687185"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687185"}]}}{"C162577":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Antibody KN026","code":"C162577","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered Fc-based heterodimeric bispecific monoclonal antibody, derived from trastuzumab and pertuzumab, directed against two distinct epitopes of the extracellular dimerization domain of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-HER-2 bispecific antibody KN026 simultaneously targets and binds to two separate, non-overlapping epitopes of HER-2, thereby inhibiting HER-2 heterodimerization and prevents the activation of HER-2 signaling pathways. By binding to HER-2, KN026 induces an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells that overexpress HER-2. This results in tumor cell apoptosis and inhibits tumor cell proliferation of HER-2-overexpressing tumor cells. HER-2, overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types, plays an important role in proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Antibody KN026","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Antibody KN026","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Heterodimeric Antibody KN026","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 Bispecific Antibody KN026","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN 026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN-026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971091"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798820"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798820"}]}}{"C128799":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab Deruxtecan","code":"C128799","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2; EGFR2; HER2) conjugated to deruxtecan, a derivative of the camptothecin analog exatecan (DXd; DX-8951 derivative), a DNA topoisomerase 1 (topoisomerase I; Top1) inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab deruxtecan, trastuzumab targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, deruxtecan binds to and inhibits Top1-DNA complexes, which results in an inhibition of DNA replication, cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. In addition, trastuzumab deruxtecan induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and causes a bystander killing effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS-8201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-8201a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enhertu","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fam-trastuzumab Deruxtecan-nxki","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRASTUZUMAB DERUXTECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Deruxtecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Deruxtecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10516","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509598"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1826843-81-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5384HK7574"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783025"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783025"}]}}{"C156480":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate A166","code":"C156480","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) and conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2 ADC A166, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent induces tumor cell apoptosis, through an as of yet not publicly known mechanism. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A 166","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-166","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A166","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC A166","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 ADC A166","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate A166","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate A166","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935677"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795827"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795827"}]}}{"C123917":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate ARX788","code":"C123917","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2) site-specifically conjugated, via the non-natural amino acid linker para-acetyl-phenylalanine (pAcF), to the auristatin analog and potent microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2 ADC ARX788, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, MMAF binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. The site-specific conjugation of the cytotoxic agent to the antibody improves the biophysical properties of ARX788, increases payload stability and optimizes its efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ARX788","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARX788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 ADC ARX788","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate ARX788","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate ARX788","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498281"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775851"}]}}{"C126355":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI4276","code":"C126355","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a bispecific antibody against the extracellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2) comprised of the single-chain variable fragment (scFv) of the anti- HER2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab, which binds to domain IV of HER2, fused to the heavy chains of the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody 39S, which binds to domain II of HER2, and conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic anti-microtubule agent tubulysin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ADC MEDI4276, the anti-HER2 bispecific antibody specifically targets and binds to HER2 on the surface of certain cancer cells. Upon binding, crosslinking and internalization of antibody-HER2 complexes occurs and MEDI4276 is transported to the lysosome where the linker is cleaved, thereby delivering tubulysin inside HER2-expressing cancer cells. Tubulysin binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which blocks cell division. This results in G2/M phase arrest, tumor cell apoptosis, and decreased proliferation of HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC MEDI4276","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI4276","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI4276","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-4276","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-4276","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MEDI4276","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504915"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZAM3L34SEW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780016"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780016"}]}}{"C130011":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate RC48","code":"C130011","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2) and conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2 ADC RC48, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent induces tumor cell apoptosis, through an as of yet not publicly known mechanism. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC RC48","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 ADC RC48","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate RC48","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RC48","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513768"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784850"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784850"}]}}{"C130010":{"preferredName":"Zanidatamab","code":"C130010","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bi-specific monoclonal antibody that targets two different non-overlapping epitopes of the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), ECD2 and ECD4, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, zanidatamab targets and binds to the two distinct HER2 domains on the tumor cell surface. This results in dual HER2 signal blockade, HER2 clustering, receptor internalization and downregulation. This also induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. Antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) is also induced and further stimulates the immune system to kill HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. The HER2 receptor internalization also further inhibits HER2 activation, HER2-mediated signaling and HER2-mediated tumor cell growth. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2/HER2 Bispecific Antibody ZW25","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 x HER2 Bispecific Antibody ZW25","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZANIDATAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ZW-25","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZW25","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zanidatamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zanidatamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514017"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2169946-15-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z20OC92TDI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784826"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784826"}]}}{"C162115":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody-drug Conjugate ZW49","code":"C162115","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a bispecific monoclonal antibody (ZW25) directed against two different epitopes of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2, receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-HER2 bispecific ADC ZW49 targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Following receptor internalization, the cytotoxic payload is released and induces tumor cell death through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. Additionally, binding of HER2 may inhibit HER2 activation, HER2 signaling and HER2-mediated tumor cell growth. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ZW49","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Bispecific ADC ZW49","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody-drug Conjugate ZW49","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody-drug Conjugate ZW49","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZW-49","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZW49","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970593"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798595"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798595"}]}}{"C160349":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Immune Stimulator-antibody Conjugate NJH395","code":"C160349","definitions":[{"description":"An immune stimulator-antibody conjugate (ISAC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) conjugated to a not yet disclosed immune stimulator, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration of the anti-HER2 immune stimulator-antibody conjugate NJH395, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding, the immune-stimulating moiety may, through an as of yet undisclosed mechanism, enhance the immune-mediated killing of HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in many cancer types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 ISAC NJH395","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Immune Stimulator-antibody Conjugate NJH395","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Immune Stimulator-antibody Conjugate NJH395","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NJH 395","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NJH-395","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NJH-395","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"NJH395","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969413"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"301EY96MDU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798283"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798283"}]}}{"C90579":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody CT-P6","code":"C90579","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. After binding to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody CT-P6 may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) as well as an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody CT-P6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-P06","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-P6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416272"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"668193"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"668193"}]}}{"C142890":{"preferredName":"Cinrebafusp Alfa","code":"C142890","definitions":[{"description":"A bivalent, bispecific fusion protein comprised of an anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) monoclonal antibody linked to a CD137-targeting anticalin with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of cinrebafusp alfa, CD137 clustering is promoted by bridging CD137-positive T-cells with HER2-positive tumor cells, leading to the recruitment of tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated lysis of HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2 plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. CD137 is a costimulatory immunoreceptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). Anticalins are synthetic antigen-binding proteins derived from lipocalins. Structurally dissimilar to antibodies, anticalins are able to bind to smaller antigens and exhibit improved tissue penetration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody/Anti-CD137Anticalin Bispecific Fusion Protein PRS-343","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CINREBAFUSP ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cinrebafusp Alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cinrebafusp Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRS-343","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541381"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2218515-90-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"21Z359Z1CV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791831"}]}}{"C141420":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2-vc0101 ADC PF-06804103","code":"C141420","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) site-specifically linked, via a protease cleavable linker, to an analog of dolastatin 10, Auristatin-0101, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HER2-vc0101 ADC PF-06804103 targets HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and cleavage, Auristatin-0101 binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis of HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2-vc0101 ADC PF-06804103","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2-vc0101 ADC PF-06804103","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2-vcAur0101 ADC PF-06804103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-NG-HER2 ADC PF-06804103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-NG-Her2-vc0101 ADC PF-06804103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06804103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06804103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06804103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF06804103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539508"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791410"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791410"}]}}{"C156705":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody BTRC 4017A","code":"C156705","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/anti-CD3 T-cell-dependent bispecific (TDB) monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-HER2/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody BTRC4017A possesses two antigen recognition sites, one for HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor overexpressed by many cancer cell types, and one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that interact with the T-cell receptor (TCR). Upon administration of BTRC4017A, this bispecific monoclonal antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and HER2-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking HER2-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated lysis of HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2 plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody BTRC 4017A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody RG 6194","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody 4017A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody BTRC 4017A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTRC 4017A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTRC-4017A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTRC4017A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 6194","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-6194","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6194","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935873"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795725"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795725"}]}}{"C142889":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1302","code":"C142889","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody GBR 1302 possesses two antigen recognition sites, one for HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor overexpressed by many cancer cell types, and one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that interact with the T-cell receptor (TCR). Upon administration of GBR 1302, this bispecific monoclonal antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and HER2-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking HER2-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated lysis of HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2 plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1302","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1302","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1302","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GBR 1302","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541380"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791830"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791830"}]}}{"C153211":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-HER3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MCLA-128","code":"C153211","definitions":[{"description":"A full-length IgG1 bispecific antibody with enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; EGFR2, ERBB2) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ErbB3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the bispecific antibody docks on HER2, and subsequently blocks heregulin-stimulated proliferation of tumor cells by binding HER3. In addition to inhibiting HER3-dependent signaling, simultaneous targeting of HER2 and HER3 by MCLA-128 may overcome a common resistance mechanism driven by heregulin-mediated dimerization of HER2 and HER3. MCLA-128 is expected to eliminate tumor cells by recruiting natural killer (NK) cells to tumor cells coated with the bispecific antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 x Anti-HER3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MCLA-128","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Anti-HER3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MCLA-128","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA 128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA-128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Thu Dec 31 13:17:11 EST 2020 - See 'Zenocutuzumab(C152948)'"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554335"}]}}{"C132112":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2/Auristatin Payload Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1522","code":"C132112","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of HT-19, a monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2; HER2), conjugated, via a proprietary biodegradable, hydrophilic polymer backbone and various linkers, to proprietary auristatin-derived payload molecules (about 15 per antibody), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2/auristatin payload ADC XMT-1522, the antibody moiety targets and binds to a unique epitope in the extracellular domain (ECD) of HER2. Upon internalization, cleavage and release of the cytotoxic molecules, the auristatin-derived molecules bind to tubulin and inhibit its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and induces apoptosis of HER2-expressing tumor cells. The attachment of multiple auristatin molecules to the backbone enables XMT-1522 to effectively kill tumors that express relatively low amounts of the HER2 protein; therefore, this agent shows increased therapeutic potential in tumors with low HER2 expression compared to other anti-HER2 antibody-based therapies. The polymer-based proprietary platform optimizes delivery of the cytotoxic drug payload and improves drug solubility.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC XMT-1522","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 ADC XMT-1522","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Auristatin Payload Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1522","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/Auristatin Payload Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1522","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT-1522","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520319"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786937"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786937"}]}}{"C155940":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2/PBD-MA Antibody-drug Conjugate DHES0815A","code":"C155940","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2; EGFR2; HER2) linked to a DNA minor groove crosslinking agent pyrrolo[2,1- c][1,4]benzodiazepine monoamide (PBD-MA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of ADC DHES0815A, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Following receptor internalization and lysosome-mediated cleavage, the cytotoxic PBD-MA moiety is released. In turn, the imine groups of the PBD-MA moiety bind to and crosslink specific sites of DNA, resulting in DNA strand breaks, cell cycle arrest, and cell death in HER2 expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DHES0815A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/PBD-MA ADC DHES0815A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/PBD-MA Antibody-drug Conjugate DHES0815A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/PBD-MA Antibody-drug Conjugate DHES0815A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/PBD-Monoamide ADC DHES0815A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHES-0815A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DHES0815A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562792"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1E55T9OY5I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795265"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795265"}]}}{"C136987":{"preferredName":"Patritumab Deruxtecan","code":"C136987","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of patritumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor HER3 (ErbB3),linked to the topoisomerase I inhibitor DX 8951, a semisynthetic, water-soluble derivative of camptothecin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of patritumab deruxtecan, the patritumab moiety targets and binds to HER3. After internalization, DX 8951 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the complex between topoisomerase I and DNA and inhibiting religation of DNA breaks, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and triggering apoptotic cell death. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER3 Antibody-drug Conjugate U3 1402","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PATRITUMAB DERUXTECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Patritumab Deruxtecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Patritumab Deruxtecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U3 1402","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U3-1402","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U3-1402a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524745"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2227102-46-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3XPI7EG4W8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789807"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789807"}]}}{"C111997":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER3 Monoclonal Antibody GSK2849330","code":"C111997","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ERBB3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody GSK2849330 binds to HER3 and inhibits its activation. This may prevent HER3-mediated signaling and inhibit HER3-dependent tumor cell proliferation and differentiation. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in tumors and is associated with poor prognosis and drug resistance; it has no active kinase domain but is activated through heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family, such as HER2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER3 Monoclonal Antibody GSK2849330","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER3 Monoclonal Antibody GSK2849330","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2849330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454286"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754219"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754219"}]}}{"C81939":{"preferredName":"Anti-HGF Monoclonal Antibody TAK-701","code":"C81939","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HGF monoclonal antibody TAK-701 binds to the soluble ligand HGF, preventing HGF binding to and activation of the HGF receptor c-Met and so the activation of the c-Met signaling pathway; this may result in the induction of cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in a variety of tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HGF MoAb TAK-701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HGF Monoclonal Antibody TAK-701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL407463"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637760"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637760"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-HGF_Monoclonal_Antibody_TAK-701"}]}}{"C68930":{"preferredName":"Anti-HIF-1alpha LNA Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-2968","code":"C68930","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS ODN) targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HIF-1alpha LNA antisense oligonucleotide EZN-2968 hybridizes with HIF-1alpha mRNA and blocks t HIF-1 alpha protein expression, which may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and apoptosis. HIF-1alpha, normally activated in response to hypoxia-induced stress, is a key transcription regulator of a large number of genes important in cellular adaptation to low-oxygen conditions, including angiogenesis, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HIF-1alpha LNA Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-2968","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HIF-1alpha LNA Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-2968","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EZN-2968","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7070179","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-HIF-1alpha LNA AS-ODN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2607869"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"549337"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"549337"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-HIF-1alpha_LNA_Antisense_Oligonucleotide_EZN-2968"}]}}{"C165547":{"preferredName":"Anti-HIV-1 Lentiviral Vector-expressing sh5/C46 Cal-1","code":"C165547","definitions":[{"description":"A gene transfer construct composed of a self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector (LV) expressing a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) that targets the human C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) mRNA (sh5) and expressing the HIV entry inhibitor C46, with potential anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) activity. Upon transduction of the anti-HIV-1 LVsh5/C46 Cal-1 in specified blood cell populations, such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and CD4+ T-lymphocytes, the cells express shCCR5 and C46. shCCR5 targets and binds to CCR5 mRNA, which inhibits the expression of CCR5 and prevents binding of the virus to the cellular CCR5 co-receptor. The cell surface expression of the cell membrane-anchored C46 peptide blocks HIV-1 fusion to the cellular membrane. The removal of CCR5 from and the production of C46 in the bone marrow and white blood cells, make the transduced cells resistant to and protect them from HIV-1 entry, infection and replication. HIV-resistant HSPCs could provide long-term protection against latent HIV infection and against HIV-associated cancers. C46 is a membrane-anchored 46-amino acid sequence found in HIV-1 gp41. CCR5 is a HIV-1 co-receptor that mediates HIV attachment and cell entry.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HIV-1 LV-expressing sh5/C46 Cal-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HIV-1 LVsh5/C46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HIV-1 Lentiviral Vector sh5/C46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HIV-1 Lentiviral Vector-expressing sh5/C46 Cal-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cal-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cal-1 Vector","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LVsh5/C46","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LVsh5/C46 Vector","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978677"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799502"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799502"}]}}{"C103860":{"preferredName":"Anti-HLA-DR Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-114","code":"C103860","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody that targets the human leukocyte antigen HLA-DR, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HLA-DR monoclonal antibody IMMU-114 binds to HLA-DR on HLA-DR-expressing tumor cells and, although the exact mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated, appears to induce hyperactivation of ERK- and JNK-dependent mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathways. This may lead to mitochondrial membrane depolarization and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. This eventually leads to an induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. IMMU-14 may be beneficial in the treatment of graft versus host disease (GVHD) as it appears to suppress T-lymphocyte proliferation and natural killer (NK) cell activation. As the Fc region of the orgnial IgG1 MoAb was replaced with the IgG4 isotype, IMMU-114 does not induce a complement cytotoxicity (CDC) or an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). HLA-DR, a MHC class II molecule, is found on various b-cell hematologic malignancies and in autoimmune diseases as well as on normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HLA-DR MoAb L243","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HLA-DR Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-114","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HLA-DR Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-114","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMMU-114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hL243gamma4P","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3530137"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743255"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743255"}]}}{"C129694":{"preferredName":"Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody AMG 228","code":"C129694","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 18; TNFRSF18; GITR; CD357) humanized monoclonal antibody, with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Anti-human GITR monoclonal antibody AMG 228 binds to and activates GITRs found on multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system, induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells (Teffs), and suppresses the function of activated T regulatory cells (Tregs). This leads to immune-mediated tumor cell eradication though a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily and T-cell receptor co-stimulator, is expressed on the surface of multiple immune cell types, including Tregs, Teffs, B-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Inappropriately activated Tregs suppress Teffs and suppress T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agonistic GITR Antibody AMG 228","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody AMG 228","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody AMG 228","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512894"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C95023":{"preferredName":"Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody TRX518","code":"C95023","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, Fc disabled anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) with immunomodulating activity. Anti-human GITR MoAb TRX518 blocks the interaction of GITR, found on multiple types of T cells, with its ligand, thereby inducing both the activation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells, as well as abrogating the suppression induced by inappropriately activated T regulatory cells. This agent is shown to act synergistically with chemotherapeutic drugs in multiple cancer models.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-huGITR MoAb TRX518","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody TRX518","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody TRX518","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426557"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689549"}]}}{"C88327":{"preferredName":"Bersanlimab","code":"C88327","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 or CD54), with potential antineoplastic activity. Bersanlimab selectively binds to the adhesion protein ICAM-1, which may result in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), hyper-cross-linking-induced apoptosis, and a decrease in cellular proliferation of ICAM-1-expressing tumor cells. ICAM-1, normally expressed on leukocytes and endothelial cells, may be overexpressed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BERSANLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BI-505","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bersanlimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bersanlimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413589"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1987854-08-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MP3N1L4OR6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661398"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661398"}]}}{"C126804":{"preferredName":"Feladilimab","code":"C126804","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic antibody for the inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, feladilimab targets and binds to ICOS expressed on tumor infiltrating CD4-positive T-cells. This stimulates ICOS-positive T-cell proliferation, enhances cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) survival and increases CTL-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. ICOS, a T-cell specific, CD28-superfamily costimulatory molecule and immune checkpoint protein, is normally expressed on certain activated T-cells and plays a key role in the proliferation and activation of T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Agonist Antibody GSK3359609","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FELADILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Feladilimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Feladilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK3359609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507897"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OUP4QB2A3R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780433"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780433"}]}}{"C146762":{"preferredName":"Anti-ICOS Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986226","code":"C146762","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic monoclonal antibody that recognizes inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ICOS agonist monoclonal antibody BMS-986226 targets and binds to ICOS expressed on certain T-cells. This stimulates ICOS-mediated signaling, induces proliferation of ICOS-positive T-cells, enhances cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) survival and augments the CTL-mediated immune response against tumor cells. ICOS, a T-cell specific, CD28-superfamily co-stimulatory molecule and immune checkpoint protein, is normally expressed on certain activated T-cells and plays a key role in the proliferation and activation of T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986226","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986226","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ICOS BMS-986226","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-inducible T-cell Co-stimulator BMS-986226","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544800"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792161"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792161"}]}}{"C162521":{"preferredName":"Anti-ICOS Monoclonal Antibody KY1044","code":"C162521","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) kappa monoclonal antibody that recognizes inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ICOS monoclonal antibody selectively binds to dimeric ICOS expressed on certain T-cells. This prevents the interaction between ICOS-positive T-cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which express the ICOS ligand (ICOSL). Blocking ICOS activation prevents the pDC-induced proliferation and accumulation of regulatory ICOS-positive T-cells (ICOS+ Tregs) and inhibits interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion by CD4+ infiltrating T-cells. This may abrogate Treg-mediated immune suppression and may enhance cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. Additionally, KY1044 may eliminate ICOS-positive T-cells via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). ICOS, a T-cell specific, CD28-superfamily costimulatory molecule and immune checkpoint protein, plays a key role in the proliferation and activation of T-cells. It is normally expressed on both activated CD4+ T-cells, which is a subset of memory T-cells (Tm), and follicular helper T-cells (Tfh). ICOS is highly expressed on Tregs infiltrating various tumors and its expression is associated with a poor prognosis; ICOS-positive Tregs play a key role in immune suppression and tumor immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Monoclonal Antibody KY1044","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Monoclonal Antibody KY1044","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KY 1044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KY-1044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KY1044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970948"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798819"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798819"}]}}{"C123267":{"preferredName":"Anti-ICOS Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-570","code":"C123267","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-optimized humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) directed against the inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS, CD278), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ICOS MoAb MEDI-570 targets and binds to ICOS expressed on tumor infiltrating CD4-positive T-cells. This prevents the interaction between ICOS-positive T-cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which express the ICOS ligand (ICOSL). Blocking ICOS activation prevents the pDC-induced proliferation and accumulation of regulatory ICOS-positive T-cells (ICOS+ Tregs) and inhibits interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion by CD4+ infiltrating T-cells. This may abrogate Treg-mediated immune suppression and may enhance cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. Fc optimization enhances antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). ICOS, a T-cell specific, CD28-superfamily costimulatory molecule and immune checkpoint protein, plays a key role in the proliferation and activation of T-cells. It is normally expressed on both activated CD4+ T-cells, which is a subset of memory T-cells (Tm), and follicular helper T-cells (Tfh). ICOS is highly expressed on Tregs infiltrating various tumors and its expression is associated with a poor prognosis; ICOS-positive Tregs play a key role in immune suppression and tumor immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-570","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-570","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-570","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-570","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053619"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G9F0G3YL28"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774809"}]}}{"C79798":{"preferredName":"Anti-IGF-1R Monoclonal Antibody AVE1642","code":"C79798","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R/CD221) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-IGF-1R monoclonal antibody AVE1642 specifically binds to and blocks membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing the binding of the natural ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent activation of PI3K/AKT signal transduction, which may result in the induction of apoptosis and a decrease in cellular proliferation. Activation of IGF-1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase of the insulin receptor superfamily overexpressed by various cancer cell types, stimulates cell proliferation, promotes angiogenesis, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVE-1642","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVE-1642","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AVE1642","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Monoclonal Antibody AVE1642","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-CD122 monoclonal antibody AVE1642","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703165"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1242567-05-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z9U2SS9ZC8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"619043"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"619043"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-IGF-1R_Monoclonal_Antibody_AVE1642"}]}}{"C71530":{"preferredName":"Anti-IGF-1R Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody BIIB022","code":"C71530","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-IGF-1R recombinant monoclonal antibody BIIB022 binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing binding of the ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent triggering of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; inhibition of this survival signaling pathway may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The activation of IGF-1R, a tyrosine kinase and a member of the insulin receptor family, stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis; IGF-1R signaling has been highly implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody BIIB022","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody BIIB022","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIIB-022","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BIIB022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346816"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y60655Y65T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579227"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579227"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-IGF-1R_Recombinant_Monoclonal_Antibody_BIIB022"}]}}{"C88325":{"preferredName":"Anti-IL-1 alpha Monoclonal Antibody MABp1","code":"C88325","definitions":[{"description":"A human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against interleukin-1 alpha (IL1a) with potential A human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 alpha (IL1a) with potential antineoplastic, anti-cachectic and anti-angiogenic activities. Anti-IL1a monoclonal antibody MABp1 targets and binds to IL1a and prevents IL1a activity. This prevents IL1a-mediated tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. In addition, MABp1 abrogates IL1a-mediated cachexia. IL1a, an inflammatory mediator expressed on monocytes, platelets and overexpressed by certain tumors, plays a key role in the promotion of tumor cell growth, metastasis and invasion. In addition, IL1a stimulates metabolic activity in the central nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IL-1 Alpha Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-IL-1 alpha Monoclonal Antibody MABp1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-IL-1 alpha Monoclonal Antibody MABp1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-IL1a Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MABp1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xilonix","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896706"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661044"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661044"}]}}{"C66988":{"preferredName":"Anti-IL-13 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody TNX-650","code":"C66988","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against interleukin-13 (IL-13) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-IL-13 humanized monoclonal antibody TNX-650 binds to and blocks the activity of IL-13, which may result in the inhibition of Hodgkin lymphoma cell proliferation. IL-13 cytokine, an important mediator in allergic inflammation, may be an autocrine growth factor for Hodgkin lymphoma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IL-13 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody TNX-650","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-IL-13 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody TNX-650","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody TNX-650","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNX-650","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881890"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539362"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539362"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_TNX-650"}]}}{"C126841":{"preferredName":"Anti-IL-15 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 714","code":"C126841","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-IL-15 monoclonal antibody AMG 714 binds to and neutralizes IL-15, thereby preventing IL-15-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling. By inhibiting IL-15-mediated immune responses, AMG 714 decreases natural killer (NK) cell activation and proliferation, reduces T-cell infiltration, increases T-cell apoptosis, and may prevent the growth of IL-15-driven cancer cells. IL-15 plays a key role in inflammation and is associated with a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders as well as with cell proliferation in certain cancer types, such as T-cell lymphomas. IL-15 is required for the proliferation of certain T-cells and NK cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 714","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG714","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-IL-15 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 714","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-IL-15 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 714","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMab-IL15 AMG 714","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507916"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781143"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781143"}]}}{"C124227":{"preferredName":"Anti-IL-8 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986253","code":"C124227","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody against the pro-inflammatory mediator interleukin-8 (IL-8; CXCL8), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, BMS-986253 directly binds to IL-8, thereby inhibiting the binding of IL-8 to its receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. This inhibits activation of IL-8-mediated signaling transduction pathways, which decreases proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. Also, BMS-986253 effectively blocks binding of IL-8 to neutrophils and inhibits neutrophil activation and recruitment towards sites of inflammation, which reduces inflammation. IL-8, a member of the CXC chemokine family, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and inflammatory diseases; it plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, endothelial cell proliferation, and cancer stem cell (CSC) renewal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IL-8 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986253","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-IL-8 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986253","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986253","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HUMAX-IL8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"HuMax-IL-8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMax-IL8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX 018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502607"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N0YWS8X3S9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777250"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777250"}]}}{"C156490":{"preferredName":"Bapotulimab","code":"C156490","definitions":[{"description":"A mouse/human cross-reactive immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) monoclonal antibody against the immune checkpoint immunoglobulin-like domain containing receptor 2 (ILDR2; Chromosome 1 Open Reading Frame 32; C1orf32), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, bapotulimab targets, binds to and inhibits ILDR2, thereby blocking the immunosuppressive activity of ILDR2. This prevents ILDR2-mediated inhibition of T-cell activities and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells. ILDR2, a type I transmembrane protein belonging to the B7 family of immunomodulatory receptors, negatively regulates T-cell responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ILDR2 Inhibitor BAY1905254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ILDR2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY 1905254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-immunoglobulin-like Domain Containing Receptor 2 MoAb BAY1905254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAPOTULIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BAY 1905254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1905254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1905254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bapotulimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bapotulimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILDR2 Function-blocking Antibody BAY1905254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor BAY1905254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935671"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2359413-58-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I92BM16NTD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795831"}]}}{"C160204":{"preferredName":"Anti-ILT4 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4830","code":"C160204","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory immune checkpoint receptor immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 (ILT4; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2; LILRB2; lymphocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 2; LIR2; monocyte/macrophage immunoglobulin-like receptor 10; MIR-10; CD85d), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ILT4 monoclonal antibody MK-4830 targets and binds to ILT4. This prevents the binding of ILT4 ligands to their receptor and prevents ILT4-mediated signaling. This abrogates the immunosuppressive activities of ILT4 in the tumor microenvironment (TME), activates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including GM-CSF and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), and enhances a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response. ILT4, plays a key role in tumor immune evasion. ILT4, a transmembrane protein and inhibitory member of the immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT) family of proteins, is expressed primarily by myeloid cells, including monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs) and granulocytes, and certain tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ILT4 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4830","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ILT4 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4830","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-LIR2 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4830","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor 2 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4830","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 4830","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-4830","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK4830","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969335"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797844"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797844"}]}}{"C78839":{"preferredName":"Anti-Integrin Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Immunoconjugate IMGN388","code":"C78839","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of an anti-integrin monoclonal antibody covalently attached to the maytansinoid DM4, a derivative of the cytotoxic agent maytansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Integrin-targeted immunoconjugate IMGN388 binds to tumor cell surface integrins; upon internalization, the DM4 moiety is released from the immunoconjugate, binding to tubulin and disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, which may result in inhibition of cell division and cell growth of integrin-expressing tumor cells. Integrins, a class of transmembrane cell surface receptors, link the extracellular matrix (ECM) to intracellular signaling pathways that control cell proliferation and differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Integrin Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Immunoconjugate IMGN388","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN388","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387679"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609890"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609890"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-Integrin_Immunotoxin_IMGN388"}]}}{"C78464":{"preferredName":"Anti-KIR Monoclonal Antibody IPH 2101","code":"C78464","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human inhibitory killer IgG-like receptor (KIR) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-KIR monoclonal antibody IPH 2101 binds to the KIR receptor expressed on human natural killer (NK) cells, which may prevent KIR-mediated inhibition of NK cells and permit NK cell-mediated anti-tumor cytotoxicity. KIRs are surface glycoproteins that bind to major histocompatibility complex (MHC)/human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I subtypes on target cells; binding of KIRs inhibits NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-7F9","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-KIR Monoclonal Antibody IPH 2101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-KIR Monoclonal Antibody IPH 2101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH 2101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703118"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599832"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599832"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-KIR_Monoclonal_Antibody_1-7F9"}]}}{"C82391":{"preferredName":"Anti-KSP/Anti-VEGF siRNAs ALN-VSP02","code":"C82391","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid nanoparticle formulation containing two small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) for kinesin spindle protein (KSP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with potential antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, the siRNAs in KSP/VEGF siRNAs ALN-VSP02ALN bind to both KSP and VEGF messenger RNAs (mRNAs), preventing translation of KSP and VEGF proteins; this may result in growth inhibition of tumor cells that overexpress KSP and VEGF. VEGF and KSP are upregulated in many tumor cells and play an important role in tumor proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALN-VSP02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-KSP/Anti-VEGF siRNAs ALN-VSP02","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-KSP/Anti-VEGF siRNAs ALN-VSP02","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408662"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642288"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642288"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-KSP_Anti-VEGF_siRNAs_ALN-VSP02"}]}}{"C157127":{"preferredName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02385","code":"C157127","definitions":[{"description":"A Fc-engineered immunoglobulin G1-kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory receptor lymphocyte-activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, monoclonal antibody INCAGN02385 targets and binds to human LAG-3 on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and tumor cells. This prevents the negative regulation of T-cell activity that occurs via LAG-3-MHC II binding and enhances a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG-3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), negatively regulates both proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02385","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02385","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02385","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN 02385","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN 2385","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN-02385","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"INCAGN02385","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN2385","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936810"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z0A08C63DF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796980"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796980"}]}}{"C122683":{"preferredName":"Ieramilimab","code":"C122683","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, Ieramilimab binds to LAG-3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG-3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and expressed on various immune cells, negatively regulates cellular proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IERAMILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IMP-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ieramilimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ieramilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAG 525","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAG525","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053626"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2137049-37-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OI8P0SFD4R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772952"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772952"}]}}{"C132339":{"preferredName":"Fianlimab","code":"C132339","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, fianlimab binds to LAG-3 expressed by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks LAG-3 binding to tumor cells expressing major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules. This may activate antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhance cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG-3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is expressed on various immune cells; its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression and the negative regulation of both cellular proliferation and T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 MoAb REGN3767","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIANLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fianlimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fianlimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 3767","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN3767","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 11182","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520574"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2126132-98-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OX5LRQ5H6K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787595"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787595"}]}}{"C150734":{"preferredName":"Anti-LAG-3/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody FS118","code":"C150734","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody directed against two immune checkpoint proteins, the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3; LAG-3) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. FS118 is generated by incorporating an anti-LAG-3 Fc-region with antigen binding (Fcab) into a PD-L1-specific antibody. Upon administration, FS118 simultaneously targets and binds to LAG3 expressed on T-cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. This prevents LAG3- and PD-L1-mediated signaling, reverses T-cell inactivation, activates the immune system and enhances cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune responses against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells, which together lead to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) negatively regulates both proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) on activated T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody FS118","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody FS118","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FS118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAG-3/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody FS118","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAG-3/PD-L1 Mab2 FS118","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mab2 FS118","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552521"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793522"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793522"}]}}{"C150403":{"preferredName":"Miptenalimab","code":"C150403","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3; LAG-3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration,miptenalimab binds to LAG3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is expressed on various immune cells, and negatively regulates both proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody BI 754111","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 Protein Monoclonal Antibody BI 754111","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 754111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-754111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI754111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIPTENALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Miptenalimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Miptenalimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552148"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2245092-03-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NVCTROPV3P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792749"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792749"}]}}{"C142077":{"preferredName":"Favezelimab","code":"C142077","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 protein (LAG3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, favezelimab binds to LAG3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is expressed on various immune cells, and negatively regulates both proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4280","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4280","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAVEZELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Favezelimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Favezelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 4280","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-4280","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK4280","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540133"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2231068-83-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H1396W7D1H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791433"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791433"}]}}{"C142978":{"preferredName":"Encelimab","code":"C142978","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3; LAG-3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration,encelimab binds to LAG3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is expressed on various immune cells, and negatively regulates both proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-033","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-033","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 Protein Monoclonal Antibody TSR-033","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENCELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Encelimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Encelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSR 033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSR-033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSR033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541410"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2173096-82-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N151VZIIPD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791832"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791832"}]}}{"C126275":{"preferredName":"Anti-LAMP1 Antibody-drug Conjugate SAR428926","code":"C126275","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody against lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) conjugated, via the disulfide-containing cleavable linker N-succinimidyl-4-(2-pyridyldithio)butyrate (SPDB), to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-LAMP1 ADC SAR428926, the anti-LAMP1 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to the cell surface antigen LAMP1. After antibody-antigen interaction and internalization, the SPDB linker is selectively cleaved by proteases in the cytosol and the DM4 moiety is released. DM4 binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, thereby inhibiting both cell division and cell growth of LAMP1-expressing tumor cells. LAMP1, overexpressed on a variety of cancer cells, plays a key role in cell-cell adhesion and migration. The SPDB linker is resistant to cleavage in the bloodstream, which may increase stability and reduce toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SAR428926","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-LAMP1 ADC SAR428926","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-LAMP1 Antibody-drug Conjugate SAR428926","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR428926","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504852"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779304"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779304"}]}}{"C126794":{"preferredName":"Anti-LGR5 Monoclonal Antibody BNC101","code":"C126794","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-LGR5 humanized monoclonal antibody BNC101 targets and binds to LGR5, thereby inhibiting LRG5-mediated signal transduction pathways. This prevents proliferation of LRG5-expressing tumor cells. LGR5, a member of the Wnt signaling pathway, is a cancer stem cell (CSC) receptor overexpressed on certain cancer cells; it plays a key role in CSC proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LGR5 Monoclonal Antibody BNC101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNC-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNC101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET-101","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507886"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780067"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780067"}]}}{"C156176":{"preferredName":"Anti-LIF Monoclonal Antibody MSC-1","code":"C156176","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, monoclonal antibody MSC-1 binds to LIF and inhibits LIF signaling by blocking the recruitment of glycoprotein 130 (gp130) to the LIF-LIF receptor (LIFR)-gp130 signaling complex. This inhibits signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling and inhibits tumor cell growth. In addition, the inhibition of LIF signaling abrogates the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) by decreasing immunosuppressive M2 macrophages and allows for the activation of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) against tumor cells. LIF, a member of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family of cytokines, is involved in many physiological and pathological processes and plays an important role in both creating the TME and promoting the activity of cancer-initiating cells (CICs). LIF is overexpressed in many tumor cell types and its expression correlates with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LIF Monoclonal Antibody MSC-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-LIF Monoclonal Antibody MSC-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC 1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563028"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795377"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795377"}]}}{"C112001":{"preferredName":"Ladiratuzumab Vedotin","code":"C112001","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the anti-solute carrier family 39 zinc transporter member 6 (SLC39A6; LIV-1; ZIP6) protein that is conjugated, via a protease-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration and internalization by LIV-1-positive tumor cells, ladiratuzumab vedotin undergoes enzymatic cleavage to release MMAE into the cytosol. In turn, MMAE binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in LIV-1-expressing tumor cells. LIV-1, a member of the zinc transporter family, is expressed in several types of solid tumors and plays a key role in tumor cell progression and metastasis. The linkage system in ladiratuzumab vedotin is highly stable in plasma, resulting in cytotoxic specificity against LIV-1-positive cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LADIRATUZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ladiratuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ladiratuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-LIV1A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827076"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1629760-29-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VM4G5D1A60"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754237"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754237"}]}}{"C116745":{"preferredName":"Anti-Ly6E Antibody-Drug Conjugate RG 7841","code":"C116745","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus E (Ly6E) and linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the antibody moiety of RG 7841 targets and binds to Ly6E expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action, the Ly6E-expressing cancer cells. Ly6E, an interferon (IFN)-inducible glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked cell membrane protein, is expressed on a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DLYE5953A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Ly6E Antibody-Drug Conjugate DLYE5953A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Ly6E Antibody-Drug Conjugate RG 7841","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DLYE5953A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473919"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759448"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759448"}]}}{"C162462":{"preferredName":"Anti-MAGE-A4 T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-C103C","code":"C162462","definitions":[{"description":"A T-cell re-directing bi-specific biologic composed of a modified form of human T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human melanoma-associated antigen A4 (MAGE-A4) and fused to an anti-CD3 single-chain variable fragment (scFv), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of IMC-C103C, the TCR moiety of this agent targets and binds to MAGE-A4 on tumor cells and the anti-CD3 scFv moiety binds to CD3- expressing T-lymphocytes. This selectively cross-links tumor cells and T-lymphocytes and results in a CTL-mediated death of MAGE-A4-expressing tumor cells. MAGE-A4 is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-MAGE-A4 T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-C103C","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-MAGE-A4 T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-C103C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC C103C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-C103C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMCC103C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ImmTAC IMC-C103C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ImmTAC Molecule IMC-C103C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immune Mobilizing Monoclonal TCR Against Cancer IMC-C103C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-cell Redirecting Bi-specific Biologic IMC-C103C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970956"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801761"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801761"}]}}{"C91092":{"preferredName":"Anti-Melanin Monoclonal Antibody PTI-6D2","code":"C91092","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against extracellular melanin with tumor targeting activity. Anti-melanin monoclonal antibody PTI-6D2 binds to extracellular melanin, a melanocyte pigment which is released during tumor cell turnover from dead melanoma tumor cells, while avoiding the binding of melanin in normal, healthy tissue because of melanin's normal intracellular location. Upon labeling with the beta-emitting radioisotope rhenium Re 188 (PTI-188), this MoAb may target multiple melanoma (MM) cells, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of radiation specifically to the targeted tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Melanin Monoclonal Antibody PTI-6D2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTI-6D2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832013"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529286"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529286"}]}}{"C120303":{"preferredName":"Anti-mesothelin Antibody-drug Conjugate BMS-986148","code":"C120303","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin and conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic drug, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of anti-mesothelin ADC BMS-986148 targets and binds to the tumor associated antigen mesothelin. Upon internalization, the cytotoxic agent kills or prevents cellular proliferation of mesothelin-expressing tumor cells through an as of yet undescribed mechanism of action. Mesothelin is overexpressed by all mesotheliomas and a variety of other cancers, while it is minimally expressed in normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin Antibody-drug Conjugate BMS-986148","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin Antibody-drug Conjugate BMS-986148","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896897"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768587"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768587"}]}}{"C121653":{"preferredName":"Anti-mesothelin-Pseudomonas Exotoxin 24 Cytolytic Fusion Protein LMB-100","code":"C121653","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-mesothelin (MSLN) recombinant cytolytic fusion protein (cFP) composed of a humanized Fab fragment of anti-MSLN monoclonal antibody SS1 linked to a truncated and de-immunized 24 kDa fragment of the Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) (PE24), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of anti-MSLN-PE24 cFP LMB-100, the anti-MSLN moiety targets and binds to MSLN-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization through endocytosis, the toxin moiety ADP-ribosylates and inactivates eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2), preventing the elongation step of protein synthesis and leading to both an inhibition of protein synthesis and an induction of MSLN-expressing tumor cell apoptosis. MSLN, a tumor-associated antigen overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and migration. The engineered PE24 portion of LMB-100 does contain the targeting domain and furin cleavage site, which are needed for cytotoxicity, but most of the translocation domain II is deleted and the catalytic domain III contains point mutations, which result in the deletion and silencing of most T- and B-cell epitopes; therefore, the immunogenicity and toxicity is reduced compared to non-engineered PE toxin, which allows for the administration of larger doses of LMB-100.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-MSLN-PE24 cFP LMB-100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin-Pseudomonas Exotoxin 24 Cytolytic Fusion Protein LMB-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin-Pseudomonas Exotoxin 24 Cytolytic Fusion Protein LMB-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RG 7787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 6927005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO6927005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4044528"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D6AT024T4P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767396"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767396"}]}}{"C116746":{"preferredName":"Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMOT4039A","code":"C116746","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of MMOT0530A, a humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin (MSLN), and covalently linked, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of DMOT4039A binds to MSLN-expressing tumor cells and is internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Proteolytic cleavage releases MMAE, which then binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. MSLN, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed by all mesotheliomas and a variety of other cancers, while it is minimally expressed in normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMOT4039A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMOT4039A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMOT-4039A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMOT4039A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7600","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7600","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433928"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717527"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717527"}]}}{"C127906":{"preferredName":"Anti-Met Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym015","code":"C127906","definitions":[{"description":"A mixture of two humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibodies, Hu9006 and Hu9338, which recognize non-overlapping epitopes in the extracellular domain of the human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET; HGFR; c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-MET monoclonal antibody mixture Sym015 targets and binds to the extracellular domain of MET, thereby preventing the binding of its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). This may prevent activation of the receptor and MET-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits MET-dependent tumor cell proliferation. MET, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types; it plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Met Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym015","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Met Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym015","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu9006-Hu9338","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu9006/Hu9338","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym 015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym-015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507929"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781406"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781406"}]}}{"C118281":{"preferredName":"Anti-Met/EGFR Monoclonal Antibody LY3164530","code":"C118281","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-Met/EGFR MoAb LY3164530 targets and prevents the activation of EGFR and c-Met. This leads to a downstream inhibition of EGFR/c-Met-mediated signal transduction pathways, and prevents cellular proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing EGFR and c-Met. EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor family of extracellular protein ligands, may be overexpressed on the cell surface of various solid tumor cell types. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Met/EGFR Monoclonal Antibody LY3164530","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3164530","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY3164530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474133"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K85WE44TZ7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764231"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764231"}]}}{"C105803":{"preferredName":"Andecaliximab","code":"C105803","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody against matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, andecaliximab binds to MMP-9 and inhibits its enzymatic activity. This results in an inhibition of extracellular matrix protein degradation and, potentially, the inhibition of angiogenesis, tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. MMP-9, a protein belonging to the MMP family, plays a key role in the degradation of collagens and proteoglycans; increased activity of MMP-9 has been associated with increased invasion and metastasis of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANDECALIXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Andecaliximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Andecaliximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-5745","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447155"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1518996-49-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"571045EIM4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747683"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747683"}]}}{"C118362":{"preferredName":"Anti-MUC1 Monoclonal Antibody BTH1704","code":"C118362","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody against the tumor associated antigen (TAA) mucin-1 (MUC1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibody BTH1704 targets and binds to MUC1 expressed on the surface of tumor cells, which can potentially activate the immune system to induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against MUC1-expressing tumor cells. MUC1, a glycoprotein overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells, plays a key role in tumor cell survival and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-MUC1 Monoclonal Antibody BTH1704","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTH1704","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896895"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764610"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764610"}]}}{"C153129":{"preferredName":"Anti-MUC16/CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN4018","code":"C153129","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific, human monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. REGN4018 contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen that is part of the T cell receptor complex, and one for human mucin 16 (MUC16, cancer antigen 125; CA125; FLJ14303), a member of the mucin family of glycoproteins that is overexpressed by several epithelial cancers, including ovarian cancer. Upon administration, REGN4018 binds to both T-cells and MUC16-expressing tumor cells, which cross-links the T-cells to the tumor cells, and may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the MUC16-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-MUC16 x Anti-CD3 REGN4018","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-MUC16/CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN4018","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-MUC16/CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN4018","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-MUC16/CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN4018","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 4018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-4018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-4018","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"REGN4018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554386"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6BUL1G4D60"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793937"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793937"}]}}{"C147031":{"preferredName":"Anti-MUC16/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMUC4064A","code":"C147031","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against human mucin 16 (MUC16; cancer antigen 125; CA125; FLJ14303) conjugated to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-MUC16/MMAE ADC DMUC4064A binds to MUC16 located on the tumor cell surface. After internalization of the agent, the MMAE moiety is released and binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. MUC16, a member of the mucin family glycoproteins, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DMUC4064A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-MUC16/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMUC4064A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-MUC16/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMUC4064A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMUC4064A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7882","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THIOMAB-drug Conjugate DMUC4064A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545030"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792380"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792380"}]}}{"C78840":{"preferredName":"Indatuximab Ravtansine","code":"C78840","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against a highly-expressed myeloma cell surface antigen covalently attached to the maytansinoid DM4, a derivative of the cytotoxic agent maytansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Indatuximab ravtansine binds to an unspecified cell surface antigen highly expressed on myeloma cells; upon internalization the DM4 moiety is released, binding to tubulin and disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, which may result in the inhibition of cell division and cell growth of myeloma tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Myeloma Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Immunoconjugate BT-062","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BT-062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BT062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INDATUXIMAB RAVTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Indatuximab Ravtansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indatuximab Ravtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maytansinoid-Conjugated Anti-Myeloma Monoclonal Antibody BT062","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387726"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XGL4M23834"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609930"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609930"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Maytansinoid-Conjugated_Anti-Myeloma_Monoclonal_Antibody_BT062"}]}}{"C99640":{"preferredName":"Landogrozumab","code":"C99640","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody against myostatin (MSTN) with potential anti-cachexia activity. Upon administration, landogrozumab binds to and neutralizes the MSTN protein, thereby blocking the MSTN signalling pathway. This may help decrease muscle protein breakdown and muscle weakness and may attenuate cancer cachexia. MSTN, a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, is a negative regulator of muscle growth and development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-myostatin Monoclonal Antibody LY2495655","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LANDOGROZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY2495655","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Landogrozumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Landogrozumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274844"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1391726-30-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B1792M902R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"722359"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"722359"}]}}{"C147578":{"preferredName":"Upifitamab","code":"C147578","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary humanized monoclonal antibody against human sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (SLC34A2; NaPi2b), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of upifitamab, the antibody targets and binds to NaPi2b expressed on tumor cells. Although the tumor cell killing effects of XMT-1535 are not established, this binding may induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediated immune response against NaPi2b-expressing tumor cells, and/or may inhibit NaPi2b-mediated sodium and phosphate ion cotransport activity and ion-dependent tumor cell signaling. NaPi2b, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on a variety of tumor cells. It plays a key role in the transport of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and the maintenance of phosphate homeostasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-NaPi2b MoAb XMT-1535","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-NaPi2b Monoclonal Antibody XMT-1535","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb XMT-1535","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UPIFITAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Upifitamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Upifitamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT 1535","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT-1535","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT1535","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545380"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"15OY7NA275"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792494"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792494"}]}}{"C97916":{"preferredName":"Anti-nectin-4 Monoclonal Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-22M6E","code":"C97916","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS-22M6E","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-nectin-4 Monoclonal Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-22M6E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Thu Oct 15 13:14:09 EDT 2020 - See 'Enfortumab Vedotin(C114500)'"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C1512"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C129823"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430399"}]}}{"C91728":{"preferredName":"Vesencumab","code":"C91728","definitions":[{"description":"A human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against neuropilin-1 (NRP1), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, vesencumab specifically targets and binds to NRP1; the antibody-NRP1 complex prevents the subsequent coupling of NRP1 to VEGFR2, thereby potentially inhibiting VEGF-mediated signaling and potentially preventing angiogenesis. In combination with other anti-VEGF therapies, vesencumab may enhance their anti-angiogenic effect. NRP1 is a membrane-bound co-receptor normally expressed by endothelial cells and overexpressed by certain tumor cells, and plays a role in angiogenesis, cell survival, migration, and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin GL, Anti-(Human Neuropilin 1) (Human Monoclonal MNRP1685a Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal MNRP1685a Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MNRP-1685A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MNRP1685A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VESENCUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vesencumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vesencumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984519"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1205533-60-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7SF22186WT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614996"}]}}{"C124647":{"preferredName":"Anti-nf-P2X7 Antibody Ointment BIL-010t","code":"C124647","definitions":[{"description":"An ointment formulation composed of a purified sheep immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody against the non-functional form of the purinergic P2X7 receptor (nf-P2X7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical application of the anti-nf-P2X7 antibody ointment BIL-010t, the antibody binds to nf-P2X7 and inhibits its antiapoptotic activity. This may induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of nf-P2X7-overexpressing cancer cells. P2X7, an ATP-gated cation-selective channel, plays a role in the induction of apoptosis; nf-P2X7, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types while not expressed on normal, healthy cells and is unable to form a large transmembrane, apoptotic pore upon exposure to ATP and prevents apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-nf-P2X7 Antibody Ointment BIL-010t","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIL-010t","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSCT 10 % Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502879"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776771"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776771"}]}}{"C91721":{"preferredName":"Anti-Nucleolin Aptamer AS1411","code":"C91721","definitions":[{"description":"A 26-base guanine-rich oligodeoxynucleotide aptamer with potential apoptotic induction activity. Upon administration, anti-nucleolin aptamer AS1411 targets and binds to nucleolin, a nucleolar phosphoprotein which is overexpressed on the surface of certain cancer cells. Via binding to cell surface nucleolin, AS1411 is internalized and may prevent nucleolin from binding to and stabilizing mRNA of the anti-apoptotic BCL2, thereby destabilizing BCL2 mRNA, leading to a reduction in BCL2 protein synthesis. This may lead to the induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AS1411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Nucleolin Aptamer AS1411","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Nucleolin Aptamer AS1411","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1744513"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"565948"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"565948"}]}}{"C116847":{"preferredName":"Anti-NY-ESO-1 Immunotherapeutic GSK-2241658A","code":"C116847","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic agent targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA), cancer/testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-NY-ESO-1 Immunotherapeutic GSK-2241658A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-NY-ESO-1 Immunotherapeutic GSK-2241658A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTAG1A ASCI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-2241658A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2241658A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2241658A Antigen-Specific Cancer Immunotherapeutic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433722"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686918"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686918"}]}}{"C153130":{"preferredName":"Anti-NY-ESO1/LAGE-1A TCR/scFv Anti-CD3 IMCnyeso","code":"C153130","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific molecule composed of a soluble, affinity-enhanced T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human leukocyte antigen A2 (HLA-A2)-restricted cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) NY-ESO-1 and L antigen family member 1 isoform A (LAGE-1A; LAGE-A1; CT6.2a), fused to a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion, anti-NY-ESO1/LAGE-1A TCR/scFv anti-CD3 IMCnyeso specifically targets and binds with its TCR moiety to NY-ESO-1 and/or LAGE-1A expressed on tumor cells and with its scFv moiety to CD3 expressed on T-cells. This crosslinks tumor cells and T-cells, re-directs and activates T-cells, and results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated destruction of NY-ESO-1 and/or LAGE-1A-positive tumor cells. NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1A, members of the cancer-testis antigen (CTA) family, are overexpressed on the surface of various tumor cell types; they share a specific HLA-A*0201 epitope, 157-165, which is expressed on certain tumor cell types while its expression is not found on normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-NY-ESO1/LAGE-1A TCR/scFv Anti-CD3 IMCnyeso","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-NY-ESO1/LAGE-1A TCR/scFv Anti-CD3 IMCnyeso","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific NY-ESO-1- and LAGE-1A-specific TCR/Anti-CD3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA- A*0201-Restricted NY-ESO-1- and LAGE-1A-specific Soluble TCR/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Molecule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMCNYESO","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IMCnyeso","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554387"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C416JC9CX0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793936"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793936"}]}}{"C118368":{"preferredName":"Anti-OFA Immunotherapeutic BB-MPI-03","code":"C118368","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of 3 different cytotoxic T-cell epitopes derived from the tumor-associated antigen oncofetal antigen (OFA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, anti-OFA immunotherapeutic vaccine BB-MPI-03 activates the immune system to elicit a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing OFA. OFA, also called immature laminin receptor protein (iLRP), is expressed in fetal tissues and is overexpressed in various cancers; its expression is correlated with cancer cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OFA Immunotherapeutic BB-MPI-03","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-OFA Immunotherapeutic BB-MPI-03","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB-MPI-03","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBMPI03","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896736"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764767"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764767"}]}}{"C161864":{"preferredName":"Revdofilimab","code":"C161864","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, revdofilimab selectively binds to and activates OX40. This may induce the proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and inhibit the function of T-regulatory cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes and plays an essential role in T-cell activation and differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 368","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-368","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV368","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-368","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-368","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-368","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR1628103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REVDOFILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Revdofilimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Revdofilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970355"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2230138-89-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2Y83Y2ORD3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792559"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792559"}]}}{"C121927":{"preferredName":"Ivuxolimab","code":"C121927","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, ivuxolimab selectively binds to and activates OX40; which induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote a T-cell-mediated immune response against TAA-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes and plays an essential role in T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody PF-04518600","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IVUXOLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ivuxolimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ivuxolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04518600","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-8600","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF04518600","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053606"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2128729-41-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"APS3IS9D6W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767326"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767326"}]}}{"C128026":{"preferredName":"Anti-OX40 Antibody BMS 986178","code":"C128026","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic monoclonal antibody against the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody BMS 986178 selectively binds to and activates the OX40 receptor, by mimicking the action of the endogenous OX40 ligand (OX40L). OX40 receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response against the TAA-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Antibody BMS 986178","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Antibody BMS 986178","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986178","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507919"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P9XVH8H2HF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781172"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781172"}]}}{"C124783":{"preferredName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody GSK3174998","code":"C124783","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against the cell surface receptor OX40 (CD134; TNFRSF4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody GSK3174998 selectively binds to and activates OX40. Receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and results in a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which leads to tumor cell lysis. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal that promotes both the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody GSK3174998","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody GSK3174998","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-3174998","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GSK3174998","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503015"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CT69TVL1KE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C158507":{"preferredName":"Cudarolimab","code":"C158507","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic fully human anti-OX40 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4; CD134; OX40L receptor) with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cudarolimab selectively binds to and activates OX40. Receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and results in a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which leads to tumor cell lysis. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal that promotes both the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody IBI101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUDAROLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cudarolimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cudarolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938052"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2244739-29-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DT958C4NWR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797150"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797150"}]}}{"C124058":{"preferredName":"Sasanlimab","code":"C124058","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the human inhibitory receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, sasanlimab targets and binds to PD-1 and blocks the interaction between PD-1 and its ligands, PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) against tumor cells. PD-1, an inhibitory receptor belonging to the B7-receptor family, is expressed on activated T-lymphocytes, B-cells and NK cells; it functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands, and plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 PF-06801591","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06801591","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SASANLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sasanlimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sasanlimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 11161","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502495"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2206792-50-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LZZ0IC2EWP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776395"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776395"}]}}{"C97039":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Fusion Protein AMP-224","code":"C97039","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant B7-DC Fc-fusion protein composed of the extracellular domain of the PD-1 ligand programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2, B7-DC) and the Fc region of human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-PD-1 fusion protein AMP-224 specifically binds to PD-1 on chronically stimulated T-cells and reduces their proliferation. This may restore immune function and may result in the activation of cytotoxic T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein of Ig superfamily and inhibitor receptor expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands, and plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. AMP-224 does not bind normal activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMP-224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMP-224","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Fusion Protein AMP-224","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Fusion Protein AMP-224","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429646"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SKF3JJJ5QA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700595"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700595"}]}}{"C155879":{"preferredName":"Penpulimab","code":"C155879","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, penpulimab targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AK 105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody AK105","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PENPULIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Penpulimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562705"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2350298-92-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IBS1BZ4E4I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794779"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794779"}]}}{"C161597":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 404","code":"C161597","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody AMG 404 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; B7-H1; CD274) and 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 404","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-404","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-404","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AMG404","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 404","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 404","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970132"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DX474PAV6P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798431"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798431"}]}}{"C162871":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody BAT1306","code":"C162871","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody BAT1306 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody BAT1306","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD1 Monoclonal Antibody BAT1306","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT 1306","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT-1306","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT1306","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973356"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798913"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798913"}]}}{"C148155":{"preferredName":"Prolgolimab","code":"C148155","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, prolgolimab binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCD 100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROLGOLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Prolgolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550789"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W05CP6IT8R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792520"}]}}{"C132252":{"preferredName":"Ezabenlimab","code":"C132252","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ezabenlimab selectively binds to and blocks the activation of PD-1, an immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily transmembrane protein, by its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which is overexpressed on certain cancer cells, and programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2), which is primarily expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This results in the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. Activated PD-1 negatively regulates T-cell activation and plays a key role in in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody BI 754091","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 754091","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EZABENLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ezabenlimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ezabenlimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520361"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5V1UI86573"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787036"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787036"}]}}{"C156726":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody CS1003","code":"C156726","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody CS1003 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody CS1003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS 1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935855"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795581"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795581"}]}}{"C162636":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody F520","code":"C162636","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody F520 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; B7-H1; CD274) and 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody F520","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F 520","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F520","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HX 008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971026"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798724"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798724"}]}}{"C159549":{"preferredName":"Zimberelimab","code":"C159549","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, zimberelimab targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; B7-H1; CD274) and 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB 122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody GLS-010","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLS 010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLS-010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLS010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WBP-3055","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZIMBERELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zimberelimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zimberelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951387"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2259860-24-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZBL7O904IL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797805"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797805"}]}}{"C156738":{"preferredName":"Serplulimab","code":"C156738","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, serplulimab targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HLX 10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX-10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERPLULIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Serplulimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935905"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2231029-82-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S3GQZ2K36V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795682"}]}}{"C160717":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody HX008","code":"C160717","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody HX008 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody HX008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HX 008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HX-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HX008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969824"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797959"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797959"}]}}{"C157485":{"preferredName":"Pimivalimab","code":"C157485","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pimivalimab targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody JTX-4014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JTX 4014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JTX-4014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JTX4014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIMIVALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pimivalimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937077"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2293951-22-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MA05AF40UO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796722"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796722"}]}}{"C153149":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody LZM009","code":"C153149","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, LZM009 binds to PD-1 and inhibits the binding of PD-1 to the PD-1 ligands, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways, leading to the activation of both T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1 is a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily expressed on activated T-cells that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands. PD-1 plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANTI-PD-1 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY LZM009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody LZM009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LZM 009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LZM-009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LZM009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554402"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H6KN31H3XF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793463"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793463"}]}}{"C113332":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0680","code":"C113332","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody MEDI0680 binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the Ig superfamily expressed on T cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMP-514","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0680","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0680","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI0680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458160"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756047"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756047"}]}}{"C142168":{"preferredName":"Retifanlimab","code":"C142168","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, retifanlimab binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INCMGA 0012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCMGA-0012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCMGA00012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCMGA0012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGA 012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGA-012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGA012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RETIFANLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Retifanlimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Retifanlimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540160"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2226345-85-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2Y3T5IF01Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791453"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791453"}]}}{"C142865":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Sym021","code":"C142865","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1 , PCD-1; PDCD1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody Sym021 binds to and inhibits PD-1 activation and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is expressed on T-cells and functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2). Activated PD-1 plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Sym021","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Sym021","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD1 Monoclonal Antibody Sym021","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYM-021","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sym021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540754"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K45ZNW8WU9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791807"}]}}{"C126799":{"preferredName":"Dostarlimab","code":"C126799","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; programmed death-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dostarlimab binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the Ig superfamily expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint protein that negatively regulates T-cell activation and T-cell-mediated immune responses when activated by its ligands programmed cell death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANB011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOSTARLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dostarlimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dostarlimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4, Anti-programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PDCD1) (Humanized Clone ABT1 Gamma4-chain), Disulfide with Humanized Clone ABT1 Kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSR 042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSR-042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSR042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507894"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2022215-59-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P0GVQ9A4S5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780223"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780223"}]}}{"C158505":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-CTLA4 DART Protein MGD019","code":"C158505","definitions":[{"description":"A hinge stabilized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) tetravalent bispecific antibody-like protein directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA4 dual-affinity re-targeting (DART) protein MGD019 specifically binds to both PD-1 and CTLA4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and inhibits the PD-1- and CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation. Dual blockade of PD1 and CTLA4 pathways provides enhanced activity against PD1+CTLA4+ double positive cells and may increase T-cell activation and proliferation compared to the blockade of either immune checkpoint alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-CTLA4 DART Protein MGD019","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-CTLA4 DART Protein MGD019","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific DART Protein MGD019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-1 x CTLA4 DART Protein MGD019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual-affinity Retargeting Protein MGD019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD 019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD-019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x CTLA4 Bispecific DART Molecule MGD019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x CTLA4 DART Protein MGD019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938054"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797142"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797142"}]}}{"C143957":{"preferredName":"Tebotelimab","code":"C143957","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-bearing, humanized antibody-like protein that specifically recognizes the immune checkpoint molecules programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PD1; PDCD1; CD279; Programmed Death 1) and lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential T-lymphocyte immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tebotelimab specifically binds to both PD-1 and LAG-3, which are both expressed on T-cells. The dual blockade of the PD-1 and LAG-3 pathways enables potent activation of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. PD-1 and LAG-3 play key roles in suppressing T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-LAG-3 DART Protein MGD013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific DART Protein MGD013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual-affinity Retargeting Protein MGD013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD 013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD-013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x LAG-3 Bispecific DART Molecule MGD013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x LAG-3 DART Molecule MGD013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x LAG-3 DART Protein MGD013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEBOTELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tebotelimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tebotelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542159"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2245725-04-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L62556GPXB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792154"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792154"}]}}{"C160605":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody LY3434172","code":"C160605","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody targeting both the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and its ligand, human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1; CD274), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 bispecific antibody LY3434172 simultaneously targets and binds to PD-1, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. This prevents PD-L1 from binding to and activating its receptor PD-1 and inhibits the PD-L1/PD-1-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation. This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody LY3434172","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody LY3434172","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody LY3434172","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody LY3434172","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3434172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3434172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3434172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969662"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801671"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801671"}]}}{"C153379":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody AK104","code":"C153379","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD1/CTLA4 bispecific antibody AK104 targets and binds to both PD-1 and CTLA4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs), and inhibits the PD-1- and CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation. This restores immune function and activates a sustained cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. Both PD-1 and CTLA4 are selectively expressed on TILs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and negatively regulate the activation and effector functions of T-cells. They play key roles in the downregulation of the immune system and tumor evasion from host immunity. Dual checkpoint blockade of PD1 and CTLA4 with AK104 may enhance T-cell activation and proliferation more than the blockade of either immune checkpoint receptor alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AK 104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK-104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK-104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AK104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 x CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody AK104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody AK104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD1/Anti-CTLA4 Bispecific Antibody AK104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x CTLA-4 Dual Checkpoint Inhibitor AK104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554535"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6FYG1DS4NW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793930"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793930"}]}}{"C160714":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7121661","code":"C160714","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody directed against both the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/TIM-3 bispecific antibody RO7121661 simultaneously targets and binds to both TIM-3 and PD-1 expressed on certain T-cells. This blocks the interaction of TIM-3 with some of its physiologic ligands and prevents the activation of PD-1 by its ligands, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is often co-expressed with PD-1 on tumor-antigen-specific T-cells. Dual checkpoint blockade of PD-1 and TIM-3 may enhance T-cell activation and proliferation more than the blockade of either immune checkpoint receptor alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 x TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7121661","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7121661","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7121661","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7121661","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-7121661","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RO-7121661","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7121661","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969812"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9GAH9VG7IP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797892"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797892"}]}}{"C163992":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody A167","code":"C163992","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody A167 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A 167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody A167","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KL A167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KL-A167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KLA167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977261"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799136"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799136"}]}}{"C156741":{"preferredName":"Manelimab","code":"C156741","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, manelimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCD 135","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD-135","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD135","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MANELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Manelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935904"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2168561-26-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U3OZ7HX207"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795701"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795701"}]}}{"C155654":{"preferredName":"Garivulimab","code":"C155654","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)-variant monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, garivulimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-L1/PD-1 signaling, increases T-cell expansion and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, BGB-A333 blocks the interaction between PD-L1 and its other receptor, the immunostimulatory molecule cluster of differentiation 80 (CD80; B7-1). This prevents PD-L1/CD80 signaling and inhibits the induction of PD-L1-induced apoptosis of activated CD8+ T-cells and increases T-cell proliferation. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1 negatively regulates T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A333","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB A333","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-A333","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGBA333","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GARIVULIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Garivulimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556266"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2342597-81-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CSJ7UEQ4D9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794412"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794412"}]}}{"C156692":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody CBT-502","code":"C156692","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody CBT-502 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, preventing the binding and subsequent activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-L1/PD-1 signaling, increases T-cell expansion and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1, a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is overexpressed in some cancer types and plays a significant role in immune evasion by tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody CBT-502","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody TQB2450","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBT 502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBT-502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBT502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB 2450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB-2450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB2450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935711"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795708"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795708"}]}}{"C151947":{"preferredName":"Cosibelimab","code":"C151947","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cosibelimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CK 301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CK-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COSIBELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cosibelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553175"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2216751-26-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PNW7GBB44P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793157"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793157"}]}}{"C154550":{"preferredName":"Sugemalimab","code":"C154550","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, sugemalimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells. Anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody CS1001 mirrors natural immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4), potentially reducing immunogenicity and other toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody CS1001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody WBP 3155","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS 1001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SUGEMALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sugemalimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sugemalimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WBP 315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WBP-315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WBP315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555350"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2256084-03-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"90IQR2I6TR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794350"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794350"}]}}{"C131537":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody FAZ053","code":"C131537","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody FAZ053 binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1), which may enhance the T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immune response and reverse T-cell inactivation. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8+ T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody FAZ053","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody FAZ053","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAZ 053","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAZ-053","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAZ-053","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"FAZ053","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514246"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V6W1OW12H2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786263"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786263"}]}}{"C159538":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody GR1405","code":"C159538","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody GR1405 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody GR1405","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR 1405","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR-1405","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR1405","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951376"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797479"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797479"}]}}{"C165270":{"preferredName":"Opucolimab","code":"C165270","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, opucolimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody HLX20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX 20","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX-20","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX20","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OPUCOLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Opucolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-L1-targeting Monoclonal Antibody HLX20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978537"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2251771-79-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"20ZE3P16HV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799415"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799415"}]}}{"C128138":{"preferredName":"Lodapolimab","code":"C128138","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) with immune checkpoint inhibitory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, lodapolimab binds to PD-L1 and prevents the interaction of PD-L1 with its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). This inhibits the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways, which may enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response to neoplasms and reverse T-cell inactivation. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8+ T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Checkpoint Antibody LY3300054","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody LY3300054","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Checkpoint Antibody LY3300054","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LODAPOLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY3300054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lodapolimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lodapolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 11185","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507936"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2118349-31-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NR4MAD6PPB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782062"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782062"}]}}{"C78852":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1105","code":"C78852","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) with immune checkpoint inhibitory and potential antineoplastic activities. Anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody MDX-1105 binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1), which may enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response to neoplasms and reverse T-cell inactivation. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8+ T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1105","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1105","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 936559","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-1105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387680"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612730"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612730"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-PD-L1_Monoclonal_Antibody_MDX-1105"}]}}{"C155931":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MSB2311","code":"C155931","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. The anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody MSB2311 contains a unique, not as of yet elucidated, pH-dependent antigen binding property allowing the antibody to only bind to PD-L1 within the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME), while it is not able to bind to PD-L1 in normal, healthy tissue. Upon administration, once able to bind to PD-L1 in the TME, MSB2311 blocks the binding of PD-L1 to and activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-L1/PD-1 signaling, increases T-cell expansion and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1 negatively regulates T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MSB2311","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MSB2311","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PDL1 Monoclonal Antibody MSB2311","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MSB2311","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB 2311","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB-2311","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB2311","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562806"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795264"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795264"}]}}{"C148535":{"preferredName":"Adebrelimab","code":"C148535","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4), humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, adebrelimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADEBRELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Adebrelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HTI-1088","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-1316","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551134"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1XBY50W1OX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792709"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792709"}]}}{"C158095":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody TG-1501","code":"C158095","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody TG-1501 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody TG-1501","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody TG-1501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PDL1 Monoclonal Antibody TG-1501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG 1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937684"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797005"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797005"}]}}{"C162504":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody ZKAB001","code":"C162504","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody ZKAB001 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody ZKAB001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PDL1 Monoclonal Antibody ZKAB001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STI A1014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STI-A1014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STIA1014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZKAB 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZKAB-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZKAB001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970934"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798649"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798649"}]}}{"C159978":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody INBRX-105","code":"C159978","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized, bispecific antibody targeting both the human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/4-1BB bispecific antibody INBRX-105 simultaneously targets and binds to 4-1BB, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes, and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. Through 4-1BB binding, INBRX-105 acts as a conditional 4-1BB agonist, resulting in T-cell co-stimulation and enhanced anti-tumor activity. At the same time, INBRX-105 prevents PD-L1 from binding to and activating its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. 4-1BB, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody INBRX-105","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody INBRX-105","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/CD137 Bispecific Antibody INBRX-105","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ES 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ES-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ES101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX 105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDL1 x 4-1BB Bispecific Antibody INBRX-105","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDL1 x CD137 Bispecific Antibody INBRX-105","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969077"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797967"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797967"}]}}{"C160772":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1/CD137 Bispecific Antibody MCLA-145","code":"C160772","definitions":[{"description":"A full-length, Fc-silenced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/CD137 bispecific antibody MCLA-145 simultaneously targets and binds to CD137, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes, and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells, thereby crosslinking PD-L1-expressing tumor cells and T-lymphocytes. Through CD137 binding, MCLA-145 acts as a conditional CD137 agonist, resulting in T-cell co-stimulation and enhanced anti-tumor activity. At the same time, MCLA-145 prevents PD-L1 from binding to and activating its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. CD137, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity. Crosslinking of PD-L1-expressing tumor cells and activated T-lymphocytes may enhance T-lymphocyte-mediated lysis of PD-L1-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody MCLA-145","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/Anti-CD137 Bispecific Antibody MCLA-145","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/CD137 Bispecific Antibody MCLA-145","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/CD137 Bispecific Antibody MCLA-145","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA 145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA-145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCLA145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969758"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798414"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798414"}]}}{"C157058":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1/TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody LY3415244","code":"C157058","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody directed against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, LY3415244 simultaneously targets and binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. This blocks the interaction of TIM-3 with some of its physiologic ligands and prevents PD-L1 from binding to and activating its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is often co-expressed with PD-1 on tumor-antigen-specific T-cells. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody LY3415244","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody LY3415244","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3415244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3415244","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY-3415244","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3415244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936018"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"603H2FWG4N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796576"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796576"}]}}{"C136465":{"preferredName":"Balstilimab","code":"C136465","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1, PCD-1; PDCD1) protein, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, balstilimab binds to PD-1, and thereby blocks its binding to the PD-1 ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and prevents the activation of its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of cytotoxic T-cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligand; it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGEN 2034","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN-2034","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN2034","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BALSTILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Balstilimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Balstilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523768"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2230167-06-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1Q2QT5M7EO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789509"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789509"}]}}{"C150463":{"preferredName":"Vudalimab","code":"C150463","definitions":[{"description":"A Fc-engineered bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vudalimab targets and binds to both PD-1 and CTLA4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs) and inhibits the PD-1- and CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation. This restores immune function and activates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. Both PD-1 and CTLA4 are selectively expressed on TILs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and negatively regulate the activation and effector functions of T-cells. They play key roles in the downregulation of the immune system and tumor evasion from host immunity. Dual checkpoint blockade of PD1 and CTLA4 with XmAb20717 may enhance T cell activation and proliferation more than the blockade of either immune checkpoint receptor alone. The engineered Fc domain increases the stability and half-life of the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-CTLA-4 XmAb20717","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD1/CTLA4 Bispecific Antibody XmAb20717","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody XmAb20717","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 x CTLA-4 Dual Checkpoint Inhibitor XmAb20717","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VUDALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vudalimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vudalimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb 20717","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb20717","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552206"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2329669-72-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4I9I5X3Z6N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793410"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793410"}]}}{"C91386":{"preferredName":"Anti-PGF Monoclonal Antibody RO5323441","code":"C91386","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the placenta growth factor (PGF), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-PGF monoclonal antibody RO5323441 binds to both PGF-1 and -2, thereby inhibiting the binding of PGF-1 and -2 to the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) and subsequent VEGFR-1 phosphorylation. This may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. PGF, a member of the VEGF sub-family and a key molecule in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, is upregulated in many cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PGF Monoclonal Antibody RO5323441","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5323441","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THR 317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THR-317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THR317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984207"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680940"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680940"}]}}{"C84847":{"preferredName":"Anti-PKN3 siRNA Atu027","code":"C84847","definitions":[{"description":"A lipoplexed formulation consisting of short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against protein kinase N3 (PKN3) encapsulated in catiogenic and fusiogenic lipids with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, catiogenic and fusiogenic lipids promote anti-PKN3 siRNA Atu02 uptake by tumor cells; the siRNAs moieties are subsequently released once inside the cell. The siRNAs bind to PKN3 mRNAs, which may result in the inhibition of translation and expression of the PKN3 protein and, so, growth inhibition of tumor cells that overexpress PKN3. The protein kinase C-related molecule PKN3, downstream in the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway, is upregulated in many tumor cells and plays an important role in invasive cell growth and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PKN3 siRNA Atu027","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atu027","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827525"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650831"}]}}{"C78486":{"preferredName":"Anti-PLGF Monoclonal Antibody TB-403","code":"C78486","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against placental growth factor (PLGF) with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic acivities. Anti-PLGF monoclonal antibody TB-403 binds to PLGF, inhibiting the binding of PLGF to the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. PLGF is a protein that belongs to the family of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PLGF Monoclonal Antibody TB-403","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Placental Growth Factor Monoclonal Antibody TB-403","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7334","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TB-403","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TB-403","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387523"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"46MVG4H2LF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601058"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601058"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-PLGF_Monoclonal_Antibody_TB-403"}]}}{"C123924":{"preferredName":"Anti-PR1/HLA-A2 Monoclonal Antibody Hu8F4","code":"C123924","definitions":[{"description":"A T-cell receptor (TCR)-like monoclonal antibody against PR1, a 9 amino-acid (VLQELNVTV) human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted leukemia-associated antigen (LAA) derived from the myeloid leukemia-associated antigens proteinase 3 (P3) and neutrophil elastase (NE), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PR1/HLA-A2 monoclonal antibody Hu8F4 selectively binds to a combined epitope of the PR1/HLA-A2 complex expressed on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts and leukemic stem cells (LSC), and prevents PR1/HLA-A2-mediated signaling. This induces complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), to a lesser extent, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and CDC/ADCC-independent cytolysis of myeloid leukemia cells. This results in a reduction of cellular proliferation in PR1/HLA-A2-overexpressing leukemic cells. PR1 in combination with the HLA-A2 molecule is highly expressed on AML blasts and LSCs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PR1/HLA-A2 Monoclonal Antibody Hu8F4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PR1/HLA-A2 Monoclonal Antibody Hu8F4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HU8F4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hu8F4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498288"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NL06848HBQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775929"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775929"}]}}{"C116848":{"preferredName":"Anti-PRAME Immunotherapeutic GSK2302032A","code":"C116848","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic agent targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA), preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME), with potential antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PRAME Immunotherapeutic GSK2302032A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PRAME Immunotherapeutic GSK2302032A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-2302032A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2302032A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRAME ASCI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421661"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681985"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681985"}]}}{"C151931":{"preferredName":"Anti-PRL-3 Monoclonal Antibody PRL3-zumab","code":"C151931","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody against phosphatase of regenerating liver 3 (PRL-3; PTP4A3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PRL-3 monoclonal antibody PRL3-zumab targets, binds to and blocks PRL-3 expressed on tumor cells. Although the exact mechanism of action through which this antibody kills tumor cells has yet to be fully elucidated, PRL3-zumab binds to PRL-3. This prevents PRL-3-mediated signaling in, inhibits the proliferation of and induces apoptosis in PRL-3-expressing tumor cells. PRL-3, a member of the PRL family of protein tyrosine kinases, is upregulated in a variety of tumor cells. Its expression is associated with increased invasiveness, higher metastatic potential, increased tumor cell survival and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PRL-3 Monoclonal Antibody PRL3-zumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRL3 Zumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRL3-zumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553270"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793124"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793124"}]}}{"C96744":{"preferredName":"Anti-prolactin Receptor Antibody LFA102","code":"C96744","definitions":[{"description":"A neutralizing antibody against the prolactin receptor (PRLR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-prolactin receptor antibody LFA102 binds to PRLR and prevents the binding of the peptide hormone prolactin (PRL) to its receptor. This binding induces an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and may eventually prevent tumor cell proliferation in PRLR-positive cancer cells. PRLR/PRL signaling pathway is frequently overexpressed in breast and prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-prolactin Receptor Antibody LFA102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-prolactin Receptor Antibody LFA102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LFA102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429368"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699731"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699731"}]}}{"C71157":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSCA Monoclonal Antibody AGS-1C4D4","code":"C71157","definitions":[{"description":"An IgG1k fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the human prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-PSCA fully human monoclonal antibody MK4721 selectively targets and binds to PSCA, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing PSCA. PSCA is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked cell surface antigen found in cancers of the bladder, pancreas, and prostate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS-1C4D4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PSCA Monoclonal Antibody AGS-1C4D4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSCA Monoclonal Antibody AGS-1C4D4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-4721","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MK4721","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347292"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L0505LPC7O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570981"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570981"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_MK4721"}]}}{"C113439":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody MDX1201-A488","code":"C113439","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, human monoclonal antibody targeting an extracellular epitope of human prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) that is conjugated with a fluorescent dye A488, with potential imaging activity. Upon intravenous administration, the MDX1201 moiety of anti-PSMA monoclonal antibody MDX1201-A488 targets PSMA expressed on cancer cells. Subsequently, the A488 moiety can then be visualized by fluorescence-based imaging and the amount of PSMA-expressing tumor cells can be assessed. A488 is a photostable fluorescent dye with a high quantum yield. PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen and type II transmembrane protein, is expressed on the membrane of prostatic epithelial cells and overexpressed on prostate tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody MDX1201-A488","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody MDX1201-A488","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX1201-A488","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458233"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756416"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756416"}]}}{"C26660":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody MLN591-DM1 Immunoconjugate MLN2704","code":"C26660","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of prostate cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antibody drug conjugates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An immunoconjugate that consists of a humanized monoclonal antibody (MLN591), directed against prostate-specific membrane antigen linked to a maytansinoid (DM1). The monoclonal antibody moiety of MLN2704 binds to tumor cells expressing prostate-specific membrane antigen; MLN274 is then internalized into the tumor cell where the DM1 maytansinoid moiety binds to tubulin and inhibits tubulin polymerization and microtubule assembly, resulting in a disruption of microtubule activity and cell division, and cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody MLN591-DM1 Immunoconjugate MLN2704","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN2704","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MLN591DM1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN591DM1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327945"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299464"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299464"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MLN2704"}]}}{"C95707":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate","code":"C95707","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), conjugated via a stable, enzyme-cleavable linker to monomethylauristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of this conjugate selectively binds to PSMA, a protein which is abundantly expressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody-Monomethylauristatin E Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA-MMAE-ADC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA ADC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Antibody-Drug Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987347"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709281"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709281"}]}}{"C162936":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA/CD28 Bispecific Antibody REGN5678","code":"C162936","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and the co-stimulatory T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PSMA/CD28 bispecific antibody REGN5678, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD28 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and PSMA found on PSMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to PSMA-expressing tumor cells, which may result in the CTL-mediated cell death of PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PSMA is overexpressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/Anti-CD28 Bispecific Antibody REGN5678","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD28 Bispecific Antibody REGN5678","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD28 Bispecific Antibody REGN5678","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMAxCD28 Antibody REGN5678","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 5678","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-5678","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-5678","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"REGN5678","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973295"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M355PGI1TG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799093"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799093"}]}}{"C163976":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63898081","code":"C163976","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PSMA/CD3 bispecific antibody JNJ-63898081, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and PSMA found on PSMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to PSMA-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PSMA, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63898081","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63898081","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 63898081","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-63898081","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ63898081","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977249"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801628"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801628"}]}}{"C118626":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MOR209/ES414","code":"C118626","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)/anti-CD3 bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-PSMA/CD3 monoclonal antibody MOR209/ES414 possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of prostate tumor cells. Upon intravenous administration of MOR209/ES414, this bispecific antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and PSMA-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking PSMA-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in CTL-mediated cancer cell lysis of prostate cancer cells expressing PSMA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MOR209/ES414","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MOR209/ES414","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOR209/ES414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896808"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765517"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765517"}]}}{"C140552":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA/PBD ADC MEDI3726","code":"C140552","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an engineered version of anti-human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) monoclonal antibody J591 conjugated, via a valine-alanine dipeptide linker, to tesirine, a cytotoxic, DNA minor groove crosslinking agent and pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-PSMA/PBD ADC MEDI3726, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen PSMA, which is found on prostate cancer cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization and lysosome-mediated cleavage of the dipeptide linker, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. In turn, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of PSMA-overexpressing tumor cells. PSMA is overexpressed by prostate cancers; its expression is associated with poor prognosis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC MEDI3726","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT 401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT-401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/PBD ADC MEDI3726","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/PBD ADC MEDI3726","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 3726","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-3726","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-3726","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MEDI3726","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538618"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SA4H7K0SW2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791113"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791113"}]}}{"C123828":{"preferredName":"Cofetuzumab Pelidotin","code":"C123828","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody against human inactive tyrosine-protein kinase 7 (PTK7) linked, via a cleavable valine-citrulline linker, to an analog of the auristatin microtubule inhibitor dolastatin 10, auristatin-0101, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cofetuzumab pelidotin targets and binds to PTK7 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and cleavage, auristatin-0101 binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis of PTK7-expressing tumor cells. PTK7, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC PF-06647020","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC PF-7020","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COFETUZUMAB PELIDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cofetuzumab Pelidotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cofetuzumab Pelidotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(human protein tyrosine kinase 7) (humanized Mus musculus clone hu24 gamma-chain), Disulfide with humanized Mus musculus clone hu24 kappa-chain, Dimer, Thioether with N-(((4-((N-(6-(2,5-Dihydro-2,5-dioxo-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-1-oxohexyl)-L-valyl-N5-(aminocarbonyl)-L-ornithyl)amino)phenyl)methoxy)carbonyl)-2-methylalanyl-N-((1S,2R)-2-methoxy-4-((2S)-2-((1R,2R)-1-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxo-3-(((1S)-2-phenyl-1-(2-thiazolyl)ethyl)amino)propyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-((1S)-1-methylpropyl)-4-oxobutyl)-N-methyl-L-valinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06647020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 7020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06647020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-7020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF06647020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"h6M24-vc0101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474137"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1869937-48-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"249EAP69MT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764236"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764236"}]}}{"C156791":{"preferredName":"Anti-PVRIG Monoclonal Antibody COM701","code":"C156791","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, hybridoma monoclonal antibody against the poliovirus receptor-related immunoglobulin (PVRIG; PVR Related Immunoglobulin Domain Containing Protein; CD112R), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PVRIG monoclonal antibody COM701 targets and binds to PVRIG expressed on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This blocks the interaction of PVRIG with its ligand nectin cell adhesion molecule 2 (poliovirus receptor-related 2; PVRL2; CD112), which is overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types. Inhibiting the activation of PVRIG, abrogates the PVRIG-induced inhibition of T-lymphocyte and NK cell activation. This activates CTLs and NK cells, enhances anti-tumor responses and immune-mediated tumor cell killing, and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. PVRIG, a member of the B7/CD28 family and immune checkpoint receptor that, upon activation, negatively regulates the activation of various immune cells. It plays a key role in immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PVRIG Monoclonal Antibody COM701","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PVRIG Monoclonal Antibody COM701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-poliovirus Receptor-related Immunoglobulin COM701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COM 701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COM-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COM-701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"COM701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PVRIG Inhibitor COM701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935797"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IAY02XUV7L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796463"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796463"}]}}{"C157772":{"preferredName":"Anti-ROR1 ADC VLS-101","code":"C157772","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of VLS-101 targets and binds to ROR1 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the ROR1-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. ROR1, also known as neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor-related 1 (NTRKR1), is expressed during embryogenesis and by certain leukemias. It plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ROR1 ADC VLS-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ROR1 ADC VLS-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate VLS-101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VLS 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VLS-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VLS101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937381"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797160"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797160"}]}}{"C157061":{"preferredName":"Anti-S15 Monoclonal Antibody NC318","code":"C157061","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 15 (Siglec-15; SIGLEC15; S15), a member of the sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin type lectins, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon administration, anti-S15 monoclonal antibody NC318 targets and binds to S15 on the surface of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and certain tumor cells. Binding to S15 may disrupt TAM-mediated activities such as promotion of tumor initiation and metastasis of tumor cells, inhibition of T-cell responses, and stimulation of tumor angiogenesis and disease progression. S15, a highly conserved type 1 cell surface protein, normally involved in osteoclast differentiation and bone remodeling, may play a role in the survival and differentiation of TAMs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-S15 Monoclonal Antibody NC318","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-S15 Monoclonal Antibody NC318","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-S15 mAb NC318","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Siglec-15 Monoclonal Antibody NC318","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC 318","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC-318","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC318","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936043"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796496"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796496"}]}}{"C121778":{"preferredName":"Anti-sCLU Monoclonal Antibody AB-16B5","code":"C121778","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody against the secreted form of human clusterin (sCLU) expressed by tumor cells, with potential antineoplastic and anti-metastatic activities. Upon administration, anti-sCLU monoclonal antibody AB-16B5 specifically binds to tumor-associated sCLU and inhibits its activity. This inhibits both the sCLU-mediated signal transduction pathways and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which leads to the inhibition of tumor cell migration and invasion. In addition, AB-16B5 enhances chemo-sensitivity. sCLU, a heterodimeric disulfide-linked glycoprotein overexpressed by various types of cancer cells, contributes to proliferation and survival of cancer cells, and stimulates tumor cell EMT.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB-16B5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-sCLU Monoclonal Antibody AB-16B5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053577"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771181"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771181"}]}}{"C157501":{"preferredName":"Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody CC-95251","code":"C157501","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody targeting signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa; CD172a) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-SIRPa monoclonal antibody CC-95251 targets and binds to SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages, thereby blocking the interaction between SIRPa and cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) expressed on tumor cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages. This results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. In addition, blocking CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling activates both an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. SIRPa, also known as tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type substrate 1, mediates negative regulation of phagocytosis, mast cell activation and dendritic cell activation. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody CC-95251","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody CC-95251","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody CC-95251","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 95251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-95251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC95251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937061"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796792"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796792"}]}}{"C111995":{"preferredName":"Anti-SLITRK6 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate AGS15E","code":"C111995","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against SLIT and NTRK-like protein 6 (SLITRK6), covalently linked to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent inhibitor of microtubule polymerization, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of AGS15E binds to SLITRK6 expressed on tumor cells, which facilitates both AGS15E internalization and the intracellular delivery of MMAE. Upon cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. SLITRK6, a member of the Slitrk family of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) neuronal transmembrane proteins, is minimally expressed in normal tissue but overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including bladder cancer, some forms of lung cancer, breast cancer and glioblastoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS15E","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASG-15ME","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-SLITRK6 ADC AGS15E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-SLITRK6 Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS15E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-SLITRK6 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate AGS15E","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-SLITRK6 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate AGS15E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454284"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754120"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754120"}]}}{"C28880":{"preferredName":"Anti-TAG-72 Monoclonal Antibody scFV CC-49/218","code":"C28880","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin derived from the single-chain antigen-binding domain (sFv) of the monoclonal antibody CC-49 with potential antineoplastic activity. The parent monoclonal antibody CC-49 binds to the tumor-associated glycoprotein TAG-72 with high affinity, recognizing many tumor cell types that express TAG-72. Because of its single-chain structure, CC-49/218 sFv may exhibit a longer half-life than the parent monoclonal antibody CC-49; 218 represents the linker sequence that helps reduce aggregation and proteolysis of this agent. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TAG-72 Monoclonal Antibody scFV CC-49/218","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Single-chain Fv construct of CC49 monoclonal antibody containing a linker sequence 218 that targets tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511412"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CC49-218_sFv"}]}}{"C96430":{"preferredName":"Anti-TF Monoclonal Antibody ALT-836","code":"C96430","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody against human tissue factor (TF), with potential antiangiogenic, anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon administration, anti-TF monoclonal antibody ALT-836 binds to TF or the TF-Factor VIIa (FVIIa) complex preventing binding and activation of Factor X (FX) and Factor IX (FIX). This may prevent thrombin formation and cancer-associated venous thromboembolism, and may inhibit angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. TF, a transmembrane protein and procoagulant, is overexpressed in many tumor cell types, and is correlated with metastasis, angiogenesis, tumor growth and tumor-associated thrombosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALT-836","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TF MoAb ALT-836","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TF Monoclonal Antibody ALT-836","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TF Monoclonal Antibody ALT-836","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272773"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698353"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698353"}]}}{"C132250":{"preferredName":"Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody NIS793","code":"C132250","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-TGF-beta monoclonal antibody NIS793 specifically targets and binds to TGF-beta, thereby preventing the activation of TGF-beta-mediated signaling pathways. TGF-beta, a pro-inflammatory mediator that is mutated and/or overexpressed in a number of cancer cell types, is involved in cancer cell proliferation and migration, and tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody NIS793","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody NIS793","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIS-793","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"NIS793","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520460"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W2OR26S7UE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786999"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786999"}]}}{"C146862":{"preferredName":"Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody SAR-439459","code":"C146862","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta; TGFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-TGF-beta monoclonal antibody SAR-439459 specifically targets and binds to TGF-beta, thereby preventing the activation of TGF-beta-mediated signaling pathways. This may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells in which TGF-beta is overactivated. TGF-beta, a pro-inflammatory mediator that is mutated and/or overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, is involved in cancer cell proliferation and migration, and in tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody SAR-439459","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody SAR-439459","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TGFb SAR-439459","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-transforming Growth Factor-beta mAb SAR439459","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 439459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-439459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-439459","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SAR439459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544827"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7EFI23P78R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792270"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792270"}]}}{"C102853":{"preferredName":"Anti-TGF-beta RII Monoclonal Antibody IMC-TR1","code":"C102853","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against transforming growth factor-beta receptor type II (TGF-beta RII) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-TGF-beta RII monoclonal antibody IMC-TR1 specifically targets and binds to TGF-beta R11, thereby preventing the activation of TGF-beta RII-mediated signaling pathways. TGF-beta RII is mutated in a number of cancer cell types and is involved in cancer cell proliferation and tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TGF-beta RII Monoclonal Antibody IMC-TR1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TGF-beta RII Monoclonal Antibody IMC-TR1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-TR1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3022859","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437134"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737617"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737617"}]}}{"C162875":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody AB154","code":"C162875","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody AB154 targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PRR2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5). This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells. This leads to CD226 dimerization and CD226-mediated signaling and activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family (IgSF) and an immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB 154","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-154","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB154","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody AB154","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody AB154","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973360"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798948"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798948"}]}}{"C131907":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986207","code":"C131907","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody BMS-986207 binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5). This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells, and leads to CD226 dimerization and CD226-mediated signaling. This activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family and an immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986207","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986207","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986207","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520364"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"81J55YFQ16"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786363"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786363"}]}}{"C142821":{"preferredName":"Etigilimab","code":"C142821","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody targeting the human co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, etigilimab binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, including T-cells, and prevents the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5). This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8-positive T-cells, and leads to CD226 dimerization and CD226-mediated signaling. This activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family and an immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT OMP-313M32","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETIGILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etigilimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etigilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Receptor TIGIT(T-cell Immunoreceptor with Ig and iTIM Domains)) (Humanized Mouse Monoclonal OMP-313M32 Gamma1-chain), Disulfide with Humanized Mouse Monoclonal OMP-313M32 Kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP 313M32","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP-313M32","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10742","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540712"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2044984-83-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FC1ZF28VIT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791697"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791697"}]}}{"C148042":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIM-3 Antibody BMS-986258","code":"C148042","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Following administration, anti-TIM-3 antibody BMS-986258 binds to TIM-3 that is expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which together result in decreased tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Antibody BMS-986258","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Antibody BMS-986258","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Antibody BMS-986258","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986258","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545803"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P339Q7RL7K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795721"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795721"}]}}{"C157242":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A425","code":"C157242","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, BGB-A425 binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the engagement of TIM-3 by its ligands, phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and galectin-9. This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which results in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A425","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A425","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB A425","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-A425","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-A425","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BGBA425","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936885"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"53YMC3A1CU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796770"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796770"}]}}{"C162625":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02390","code":"C162625","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human Fc-engineered immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1kappa) antibody directed against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, INCAGN02390 forms a high-affinity interaction with TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, thereby preventing the engagement of TIM-3 by its ligands, phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and galectin-9. This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which results in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. Additionally, INCAGN02390 elicits TIM-3 receptor internalization, potentially preventing interactions with other ligands.TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor expressed on certain lymphocytes, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02390","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02390","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN 02390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN-02390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCAGN02390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971021"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798754"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798754"}]}}{"C124850":{"preferredName":"Sabatolimab","code":"C124850","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, sabatolimab binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain immune cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis resulting in a reduction in tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein expressed on certain T-cells, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody MBG453","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Checkpoint Inhibitor MBG453","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBG 453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBG453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SABATOLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sabatolimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sabatolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503065"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2252262-24-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3L7R886Y06"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777759"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777759"}]}}{"C150560":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody Sym023","code":"C150560","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-TIM-3 monoclonal antibody Sym023 binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which results in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody Sym023","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody Sym023","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody Sym023","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym 023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym-023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552361"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793443"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793443"}]}}{"C128627":{"preferredName":"Cobolimab","code":"C128627","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cobolimab binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which results in a reduction in tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Checkpoint Inhibitor TSR-022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody TSR-022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COBOLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cobolimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cobolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4, Anti-(Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2 (havcr2)) (Humanized Clone ABT2 Gamma4-chain), Disulfide with Humanized Clone ABT2 Kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSR-022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509686"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2022215-65-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3K5H4TX2KP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782940"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782940"}]}}{"C137820":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody LY3321367","code":"C137820","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-TIM-3 monoclonal antibody LY3321367 binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which results in a reduction in tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody LY3321367","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody LY3321367","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3321367","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3321367","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524891"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789989"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789989"}]}}{"C104291":{"preferredName":"Anti-Tissue Factor Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-066","code":"C104291","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody against human tissue factor (TF), with potential antiangiogenic, anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon administration, anti-TF monoclonal antibody MORAb-066 binds to TF and prevents Factor VIIa (FVIIa) from binding, thereby interfering with the activation of Factor X (FX) into FXa. This may prevent thrombin formation and cancer-associated venous thromboembolism, and may inhibit angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. TF, a transmembrane protein and initiator of the coagulation cascade, is overexpressed in many tumor cells and tumor endothelial cells; its expression is correlated with metastasis, angiogenesis, tumor cell growth and tumor-associated thrombosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TF Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-066","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Tissue Factor Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-066","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORAb-066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445626"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745031"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745031"}]}}{"C151967":{"preferredName":"Datopotamab Deruxtecan","code":"C151967","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody against tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2) conjugated, via an enzymatically cleavable tetrapeptide-based linker, to the cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor and exatecan (DX-8951) derivative DXd (MAAA-1181a; MAAA-1181), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the datopotamab deruxtecan, the anti-TROP2 antibody targets and binds to TROP2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake and lysosomal degradation of the linker, DXd targets and binds to DNA topoisomerase I, thereby stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication and apoptosis. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation of TROP2-expressing tumor cells. TROP2 is a transmembrane protein overexpressed in various tumors while its expression is low and/or restricted in normal, healthy tissues. Its expression is associated with enhanced tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, drug resistance and increased tumor cell survival. The ADC allows for reduced systemic exposure and enhanced delivery of the cytotoxic agent DXd.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DS-1062a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TROP2/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-1062a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DATOPOTAMAB DERUXTECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DS-1062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-1062a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Datopotamab Deruxtecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Datopotamab Deruxtecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553190"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2238831-60-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GD2OWY1DTK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793720"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793720"}]}}{"C97337":{"preferredName":"Anti-TWEAK Monoclonal Antibody RG7212","code":"C97337","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the apoptotic ligand TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-TWEAK monoclonal antibody RG7212 binds to TWEAK and prevents the binding of TWEAK to its receptor, FGF-inducible molecule 14 (Fn14), thereby blocking the TWEAK/Fn14 signaling. This may prevent tumor cell proliferation, invasion, migration and angiogenesis. TWEAK has pleiotropic effects, mediating proinflammatory and pro-angiogenic activity as well as stimulation of invasion, migration, and survival mediated via its receptor Fn14; Fn14 is expressed at relatively low levels in normal tissues, but is elevated in tumor cells and locally in injured and diseased tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TWEAK Monoclonal Antibody RG7212","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7212","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7212","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7212","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 5458640","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5458640","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5458640","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429827"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703243"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703243"}]}}{"C91376":{"preferredName":"Anti-VEGF Anticalin PRS-050-PEG40","code":"C91376","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated, proprietary lipocalin that targets human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Pegylated anti-VEGF anticalin PRS-050 specifically targets and binds to VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2 or KDR), thereby preventing its activity. This may inhibit angiogenesis and eventually reduce tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGF Anticalin PRS-050-PEG40","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRS-050-PEG40","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421607"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675538"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675538"}]}}{"C156139":{"preferredName":"Anti-VEGF Monoclonal Antibody hPV19","code":"C156139","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody hPV19 targets and binds to VEGFR at a unique binding site and inhibits VEGF binding to its receptors, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, thereby preventing VEGF/VEGFR-mediated signaling. This prevents the growth and maintenance of tumor blood vessels. This decreases nutrient supply to tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell death. Increased VEGF/VEGFR signaling is associated with increased invasiveness and decreased survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGF MAb hPV19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGF Monoclonal Antibody hPV19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb hPV19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hPV 19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hPV-19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hPV19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562852"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795278"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795278"}]}}{"C126644":{"preferredName":"Anti-VEGF/ANG2 Nanobody BI 836880","code":"C126644","definitions":[{"description":"A nanobody directed against angiopoietin-2 (Ang2; ANGPT2)- and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-derived peptides, with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-VEGF/ANG2 nanobody BI 836880 binds to Ang2 and VEGF and inhibits receptor binding; this prevents Ang2- and VEGF-mediated signaling and inhibits both tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Both VEGF and Ang2 are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and play a crucial role in angiogenesis. The nanobody is based on functional fragments of single-chain antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGF/ANG2 BI 836880","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGF/ANG2 Nanobody BI 836880","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGF/ANG2 Nanobody BI 836880","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 836880","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-836880","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bi-specific Anti-VEGF/Ang2 Nanobody BI 836880","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503761"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IS7N1X9TSW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779752"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779752"}]}}{"C162872":{"preferredName":"Anti-VEGF/TGF-beta 1 Fusion Protein HB-002T","code":"C162872","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, human immunoglobulin Fc fusion protein targeting both the transforming growth factor (TGF) beta 1 (TGF-beta 1; TGFb1) and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-VEGF/TGF-beta 1 fusion protein HB-002T, the fusion protein specifically and selectively targets, binds to and neutralizes both TGF-beta 1 and VEGF. This prevents TGFb1- and VEGF-mediated signaling and abrogates VEGF/VEGFR-induced angiogenesis and TGFb1-mediated induction of VEGF, which further inhibits angiogenesis. It also inhibits TGFb1-mediated immunosuppression, thereby enhancing anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promoting a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGF/TGF-beta 1 Fusion Protein HB-002T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB 002T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB-002T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB002.1T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB002T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973357"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798914"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798914"}]}}{"C99765":{"preferredName":"Anti-VEGFC Monoclonal Antibody VGX-100","code":"C99765","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the human vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC or Flt4 ligand) with potential antiangiogenic activity. Anti-VEGFC monoclonal antibody VGX-100 specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFC protein, thereby preventing its binding to VEGFR3 (FLT4) or VEGFR2 (KDR or FLK1). This may prevent VEGFC-mediated signaling and may lead to the inhibition of vascular and lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation. The inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis may eventually decrease tumor cell proliferation and prevent metastasis. VEGFC is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells, and is associated with increased invasiveness and decreased survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGFC Monoclonal Antibody VGX-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGFC Monoclonal Antibody VGX-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGF-C mAb VGX-100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VGX-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VGX-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433490"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RJ12A315RN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724066"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724066"}]}}{"C156172":{"preferredName":"Vulinacimab","code":"C156172","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) with potential anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vulinacimab specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFR-2, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. VEGFR-2, a tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in angiogenesis and the proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells, is overexpressed in certain tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGFR2 Monoclonal Antibody HLX06","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX 06","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX-06","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX06","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VULINACIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vulinacimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563001"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2250342-36-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SA09JNQ24D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795367"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795367"}]}}{"C95734":{"preferredName":"Anti-VEGFR3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-3C5","code":"C95734","definitions":[{"description":"A fully-human monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3; Flt-4) with antiangiogenic activity. Anti-VEGFR-3 monoclonal antibody IMC-3C5 specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFR-3, which may result in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. VEGFR-3 plays a critical role in the embryonic vascular system development but is restricted postnatally to endothelial cells of lymphatic vessels and found to be expressed in many solid and hematologic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGFR3 MoAb IMC-3C5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGFR3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-3C5","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGFR3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-3C5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-3C5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428195"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695064"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695064"}]}}{"C127124":{"preferredName":"Onvatilimab","code":"C127124","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody against the protein V-domain immunoglobulin (Ig) suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA; programmed death 1 homolog; PD1H; PD-1H), with potential negative checkpoint regulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, onvatilimab targets and binds to VISTA. This inhibits VISTA signaling, abrogates the VISTA-induced suppression of T-lymphocyte-mediated immune responses, enhances cytotoxic T-cell responses against tumor cells and inhibits tumor cell growth. VISTA, mainly expressed on hematopoietic cells, plays a key role in immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Protein Vista (v-domain Immunoglobulin Suppressor of T Cell Activation)) (Human Clone JNJ 61610588 gamma1-chain), Disulfide with Human Clone JNJ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 61610588","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-61610588","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONVATILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Onvatilimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Onvatilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10758","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507914"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1969313-51-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1UI8F5IIZ4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780996"}]}}{"C99761":{"preferredName":"Antiangiogenic Drug Combination TL-118","code":"C99761","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, oral suspension containing a combination of agents comprised of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, an alkylating agent, a histamine H2 antagonist and a sulfonamide with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Antiangiogenic drug combination TL-118 is administrated as a specific dosing regimen and may result in a synergistic effect and reduce angiogenesis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antiangiogenic Drug Combination TL-118","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hamsa-1","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL-118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274907"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"723650"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"723650"}]}}{"C161599":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-011","code":"C161599","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against an as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of ABBV-011 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills tumor cells expressing this particular TAA through an as of yet undisclosed mechanism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-011","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC 011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970130"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798433"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798433"}]}}{"C124134":{"preferredName":"Samrotamab Vedotin","code":"C124134","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of ABBV-085 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV-085","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC ABBV-085","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-1498487 PAB-MMAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAMROTAMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Samrotamab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Samrotamab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502530"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2052649-42-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SY5HF6N5MB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776647"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776647"}]}}{"C157279":{"preferredName":"Mirzotamab Clezutoclax","code":"C157279","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an as of yet undisclosed monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of mirzotamab clezutoclax, the monoclonal antibody moiety of ABBV-155 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC ABBV-155","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-155","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIRZOTAMAB CLEZUTOCLAX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mirzotamab Clezutoclax","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mirzotamab Clezutoclax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937020"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2229859-12-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TY49T0B03B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796806"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796806"}]}}{"C137991":{"preferredName":"Rolinsatamab Talirine","code":"C137991","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against the prolactin receptor (PRLR) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of rolinsatamab talirine, rolinsatamab targets and binds to PRLR expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, talirine is released and kills the PRLR-expressing tumor cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. PRLR, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC ABBV-176","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROLINSATAMAB TALIRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rolinsatamab Talirine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525031"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2095467-44-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"25TA76U16O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790299"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790299"}]}}{"C122816":{"preferredName":"Azintuxizumab Vedotin","code":"C122816","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody targeting CS1 (SLAMF7/CD319) that is conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), via a cathepsin-cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of azintuxizumab vedotin binds to CS1-expressing tumor cells and is internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Upon cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M checkpoint arrest and apoptosis in CS1-expressing tumor cells. CS1 is a cell surface glycoprotein belonging to the CD2 subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and is expressed with high levels and prevalence on multiple myeloma (MM) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV-838","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC ABBV-838","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZINTUXIZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Azintuxizumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Azintuxizumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053688"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1826819-58-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6XQ9TM3U2G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C147577":{"preferredName":"Upifitamab Rilsodotin","code":"C147577","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of XMT-1535, a proprietary, humanized monoclonal antibody against human sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (SLC34A2; NaPi2b), site-specifically linked, via a protease cleavable linker, to the proprietary cytotoxic aurastatin derivative auristatin F-HPA (AF-HPA; auristatin F-hydroxypropylamide), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upifitamab rilsodotin is produced via the proprietary dolaflexin ADC conjugation platform, which promotes the conjugation of between 10 and 15 AF-HPA payload molecules to each XMT-1535 antibody. Upon administration of upifitamab rilsodotin, the antibody moiety targets and binds to NaPi2b expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization by endosomes/lysosomes, and enzymatic cleavage, the AF-HPA binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis of NaPi2b-expressing tumor cells. NaPi2b, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in the transport of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and the maintenance of phosphate homeostasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC XMT-1536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-NaPi2b ADC XMT-1536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-NaPi2b/Auristatin F-HPA ADC XMT-1536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UPIFITAMAB RILSODOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Upifitamab Rilsodotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Upifitamab Rilsodotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT 1536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT-1536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT1536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545394"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q4MDA7821L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792493"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792493"}]}}{"C129401":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate Anti-TIM-1-vcMMAE CDX-014","code":"C129401","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) clone CR014, which targets the extracellular domain of T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-1 (TIM-1; HAVCR1), that is linked, via a valine-citrulline (VC) peptide linker, to the potent cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ADC anti-TIM-1-vcMMAE CDX-014, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to TIM-1. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE is released into the cytosol of TIM-1-expressing tumor cells, binds to tubulin, and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which induces both G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. TIM-1 is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types while only minimally expressed in healthy tissue. The linkage system in CDX-014 is highly stable in plasma, resulting in increased specificity and cytotoxic efficacy towards TIM-1-positive cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC Anti-TIM-1-vcMMAE CDX-014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADC CDX-014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate Anti-TIM-1-vcMMAE CDX-014","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate Anti-TIM-1-vcMMAE CDX-014","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate CDX-014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-014","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CR014-vc-MMAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CR014-vcMMAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512670"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GJV1PP34M2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783989"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783989"}]}}{"C106256":{"preferredName":"Antibody-Drug Conjugate DFRF4539A","code":"C106256","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against a specific myeloma antigen and conjugated to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of DFRF4539A selectively binds to a specific protein expressed on the surface of myeloma cells. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DFRF4539A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-Drug Conjugate DFRF4539A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-Drug Conjugate DFRF4539A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DFRF4539A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433882"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710969"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710969"}]}}{"C137821":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI7247","code":"C137821","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against an unnamed tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of MEDI7247 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC MEDI7247","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI7247","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI7247","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 7247","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-7247","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MEDI7247","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524897"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XZ66R08EI3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789996"}]}}{"C118572":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06647263","code":"C118572","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06647263","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06647263","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06647263","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896742"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C118570":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06664178","code":"C118570","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06664178","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06664178","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06664178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474086"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C123284":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-002","code":"C123284","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an as of yet publicly unknown monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-002 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SC-002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0967624"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774849"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774849"}]}}{"C124133":{"preferredName":"Tamrintamab Pamozirine","code":"C124133","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of tamrintamab pamozirine, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-003 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SC-003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1(226-serine), Anti-(Human Dipeptidase 3)(Human-mus musculus Monoclonal sc34.28SS1 Gamma1-chain), Compd. with Human-mus musculus Monoclonal sc34.28SS1 Kappa-chain, Dimer, Bis(thioether) with N-(6-(3-mercapto-2, 5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC 003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAMRINTAMAB PAMOZIRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tamrintamab Pamozirine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tamrintamab Pamozirine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502529"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2148334-68-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GM0RU5SU0E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776646"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776646"}]}}{"C136807":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-004","code":"C136807","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to a currently undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-004 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SC-004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-004","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-004","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC 004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-004","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SC004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0967625"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EBA1W201ZY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789553"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789553"}]}}{"C154558":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-005","code":"C154558","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to a currently undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-005 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-005","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC 005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC 005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-005","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555355"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BT8F8AD6WO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794353"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794353"}]}}{"C136779":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-006","code":"C136779","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-006 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SC-006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-006","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC 006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SC006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524579"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"293BGU7HL8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789538"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789538"}]}}{"C147029":{"preferredName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-007","code":"C147029","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against an undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-007 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SC-007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-007","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545028"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4NP0CFH7QL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792378"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792378"}]}}{"C90562":{"preferredName":"Asunercept","code":"C90562","definitions":[{"description":"A human, soluble fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of the CD95 receptor fused to the Fc-domain of the human IgG antibody, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, asunercept binds to the CD95 ligand (CD95L) and blocks the binding of CD95L to the CD95 receptor. In tumor cells, blockage of CD95L-mediated signaling pathways may prevent cell migration and invasive cell growth; in healthy cells, blockage of CD95L-mediated signaling pathways may prevent apoptosis and may protect cell damage. Activation of the CD95 receptor plays an important role in the initiation of apoptosis in healthy cells or the invasive growth of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APG-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASUNERCEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Apocept","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asunercept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAN-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAN008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD95-Fc Fusion Protein CAN008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fas-Fc Fusion Protein CAN008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983762"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1450882-18-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F333OQQ9UV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666905"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666905"}]}}{"C165256":{"preferredName":"Antigen-presenting Cells-expressing HPV16 E6/E7 SQZ-PBMC-HPV","code":"C165256","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of antigen presenting cells (APCs) specific for human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E6 and E7 proteins, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were ex vivo manipulated, using a technique involving membrane disruption to get the HPV16 E6 and E7 proteins into the cells; the resulting APCs present the antigens in a major histocompatibility type I (MHC-I) manner. Upon administration of the APCs-expressing HPV16 E6/E7 SQZ-PBMC-HPV, these cells activate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing HPV16 E6 and E7. HPV16 E6 and E7 play an important role in the development of certain types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APCs Expressing HPV16 E6/E7 SQZ-PBMC-HPV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antigen-presenting Cells-expressing HPV16 E6/E7 SQZ-PBMC-HPV","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antigen-presenting Cells-expressing HPV16 E6/E7 SQZ-PBMC-HPV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQZ PBMC HPV","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQZ-PBMC-HPV","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978557"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799743"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799743"}]}}{"C125690":{"preferredName":"Antimetabolite FF-10502","code":"C125690","definitions":[{"description":"An antimetabolite with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FF-10502 is able to enter the nucleus where it inhibits DNA polymerases, thereby preventing DNA synthesis and halting tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antimetabolite FF-10502","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antimetabolite FF-10502","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF-10502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF-10502-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504366"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778592"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778592"}]}}{"C124051":{"preferredName":"Racemetyrosine/Methoxsalen/Phenytoin/Sirolimus SM-88","code":"C124051","definitions":[{"description":"A combination agent containing racemetyrosine, methoxsalen, phenytoin and sirolimus, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of racemetyrosine/methoxsalen/phenytoin/sirolimus SM-88, racemetyrosine, being a dysfunctional and modified form of the non-essential amino acid tyrosine, is specifically taken up by cancer cells through the transporter L-amino acid transferase-1 (LAT1; CD98). As a tyrosine derivative and faulty amino acid protein building block, racemetyrosine prevents protein synthesis in cancer cells. Specifically, this prevents mucin-1 (MUC1) protein synthesis. MUC1 is highly overexpressed by most cancer cells and regulates the increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells created from the altered metabolism that cancer cells utilize, by upregulating key antioxidant defenses and preventing ROS-mediated apoptosis. In the absence of MUC1, ROS levels are increased, leading to an increase in oxidative stress, and induction of apoptosis. Also, being a protective transmembrane protein, MUC1 is part of the protective layer on the outside of cancer cells and plays a key role in shielding the cancer cell from the immune system. The loss of MUC1 compromises the cell membrane, thereby making the cancer cell more vulnerable to be recognized and attacked by the immune system. Rapamycin, a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, increases the cancer cells' need for tyrosine uptake and increases the uptake of racemetyrosine by LAT1. Phenytoin stimulates the release of reactive lipid species by the liver which accumulate in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and are taken up by cancer cells, thereby further increasing ROS within the cancer cell and increasing oxidative-related apoptosis. Mehoxsalen promotes toxic electron transfer and increases melanin, increases oxidative reactions and production of ROS. This further stimulates oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis. Normal cells do not regularly take up certain non-essential amino acids, such as tyrosine, but readily convert phenylalanine to tyrosine, so normal healthy cells are not expected to consume racemetyrosine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Racemetyrosine/Methoxsalen/Phenytoin/Sirolimus Combination SM88","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Racemetyrosine/Methoxsalen/Phenytoin/Sirolimus SM-88","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Racemetyrosine/Methoxsalen/Phenytoin/Sirolimus SM-88","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-88","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-88 Used with MPS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-88 Used with Methoxsalen/Phenytoin/Sirolimus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-88/Methoxsalen/Phenytoin/Sirolimus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyrosine Isomers/Phenytoin/Methoxsalen/Sirolimus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498405"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776184"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776184"}]}}{"C1663":{"preferredName":"Antineoplastic Vaccine","code":"C1663","definitions":[{"description":"A type of vaccine that is usually made from a patient's own tumor cells or from substances taken from tumor cells. A cancer vaccine may help the immune system kill cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A type of vaccine that prevents or treats cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antineoplastic Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antineoplastic Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cancer treatment vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cancer vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0376659"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Antineoplastic_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2100":{"preferredName":"Antineoplastic Vaccine GV-1301","code":"C2100","definitions":[{"description":"Antineoplastic vaccine being developed against liver cancer. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antineoplastic Vaccine GV-1301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GV-1301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1517372"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"GV-1301"}]}}{"C1004":{"preferredName":"Antineoplaston A10","code":"C1004","definitions":[{"description":"A piperidinedione antineoplaston with potential antineoplastic activity. Antineoplaston A10 was originally isolated from human urine but is now synthetically derived. This agent intercalates into DNA, resulting in cell cycle arrest in G1 phase, reduction of mitosis, and decreased protein synthesis. Antineoplaston A10 may also inhibit ras-oncogene expression and activate tumor suppressor gene p53, leading to cell differentiation and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Phenylacetylamino-2, 6-piperidinedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Phenylacetylamino-2,6-piperidinedione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"A10","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANTINEOPLASTON A10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Antineoplaston A10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Antineoplaston A10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atengenal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzeneacetamide, N-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidinyl)-, (S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"619130"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"377381"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052080"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"91531-30-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"16VY3TM7ZO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41984"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41984"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Antineoplaston_A10"}]}}{"C1613":{"preferredName":"Antineoplaston AS2-1","code":"C1613","definitions":[{"description":"A 4:1 mixture of phenylacetate and phenylacetylgluatmine, degradation products of the antineoplaston agent A10. Antineoplaston AS2-1 inhibits the incorporation of L-glutamine into tumor-cell proteins, leading to cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and inhibition of mitosis. This agent may also inhibit RAS oncogene expression and activate tumor suppressor gene p53, resulting in cell differentiation and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AS2-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antineoplaston AS2-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antineoplaston AS2-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Astugenal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Glutamine, N2-(phenylacetyl)-, Monosodium Salt, Mixture with Sodium Benzeneacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"620261"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0294295"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"104624-98-8"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41985"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41985"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Antineoplaston_AS2-1"}]}}{"C26652":{"preferredName":"Antisense Oligonucleotide GTI-2040","code":"C26652","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks the production of a protein called ribonucleotide reductase, which helps cells make DNA. This may kill cancer cells that need ribonucleotide reductase to grow. It may also make cells more sensitive to anticancer drugs. It is a type of antisense oligonucleotide, and a type of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 20-mer antisense oligonucleotide complementary to a coding region in the mRNA of the R2 small subunit component of human ribonucleotide reductase. GTI-2040 decreases mRNA and protein levels of R2 in vitro and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in human tumors in vivo. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antisense Oligonucleotide GTI-2040","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GTI-2040","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GTI-2040","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GTI-2040","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"GTI-2040","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GTI-2040","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"722929"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1142995"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"236391-66-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5WY0FWR2CF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"301635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"301635"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"GTI-2040"}]}}{"C156694":{"preferredName":"Antitumor B Key Active Component-alpha","code":"C156694","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available concentrated preparation of antitumor B (ATB, Zeng Sheng Ping), a Chinese herbal formula comprised of Sophora tonkinensis, Polygonum bistorta, Prunella vulgaris, Sonchus brachyotus, Dictamnus dasycarpus, and Dioscorea bulbifera, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, antitumor B key active component-alpha (ATB-KAC-alpha) may, through a not yet fully elucidated mechanism, inhibit tumorigenesis and prevent the development of certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antitumor B KAC-a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antitumor B Key Active Component-alpha","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C156694","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chinese Herbal Mixture Antitumor B KAC-a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935709"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795710"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795710"}]}}{"C95731":{"preferredName":"Antrodia cinnamomea Supplement","code":"C95731","definitions":[{"description":"A dietary supplement containing extract from the medicinal fungus Antrodia cinnamomea with potential antiangiogenic, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. The components in Antrodia cinnamomea supplement are rather complex, however, rich in triterpenoids, polysaccharides, nucleosides (adenosine) nucleic acids, superoxide dismutase, other small molecular weight proteins and steroid like compounds. Neutral sugars in this supplement show inhibitory activity on endothelial tube formation, while maleimide and maleic anhydride derivative components in the extract, such as antrodin B and antrodin C and their metabolites, exhibit significant cytotoxic effects on tumor cells and hepatitis C virus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antrodia cinnamomea Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428192"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694951"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694951"}]}}{"C119701":{"preferredName":"Antroquinonol Capsule","code":"C119701","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available capsule containing antroquinonol, a farnesylated quinone derivative isolated from the mycelium of Antrodia camphorata, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, antroquinonol binds to and inhibits protein prenylation mediated by the enzymes farnesyltransferase (FTase) and geranylgeranyltransferase 1 (GGTase-1). This prevents both post-translational prenylation and signaling activity of a number of Ras superfamily proteins, such as Ras and Rho. This results in the inhibition of downstream signaling, such as the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, and induces apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. Ras superfamily proteins are overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types, and play a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antroquinonol Capsule","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antroquinonol Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hocena","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421596"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674922"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674922"}]}}{"C92574":{"preferredName":"Apalutamide","code":"C92574","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Apalutamide binds to AR in target tissues thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitating the formation of inactive complexes that cannot be translocated to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes. This ultimately inhibits the expression of genes that regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation and may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in AR-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(7-(6-Cyano-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)-8-oxo-6-thioxo-5,7-diazaspiro(3.4)octan-5-yl)-2-fluoro-N-methylbenzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APALUTAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ARN 509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARN-509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARN509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apalutamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apalutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erleada","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 56021927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-56021927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2985183"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"956104-40-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4T36H88UA7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683082"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683082"}]}}{"C71740":{"preferredName":"Apatorsen","code":"C71740","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation antisense oligonucleotide targeting heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) with potential antitumor and chemosensitizing activities. Apatorsen suppresses tumor cell expression of Hsp27, which may induce tumor cell apoptosis and enhance tumor cell sensitivity to cytotoxic agents. Hsp27, a chaperone belonging to the small heat shock protein (sHsp) group of proteins, is a cytoprotective protein that supports cell survival under conditions of stress; it has been found to be over-expressed in a variety of human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APATORSEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Apatorsen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apatorsen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS 306053","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OGX-427","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348994"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1002331-21-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IFJ6X26JW6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"559200"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"559200"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hsp27_Antisense_Oligonucleotide_OGX-427"}]}}{"C1087":{"preferredName":"Apaziquone","code":"C1087","definitions":[{"description":"An indolequinone bioreductive prodrug and analog of mitomycin C with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitization activities. Apaziquone is converted to active metabolites in hypoxic cells by intracellular reductases, which are present in greater amounts in hypoxic tumor cells. The active metabolites alkylate DNA, resulting in apoptotic cell death. This agent displays selectivity activity towards both hypoxic solid tumors, which exhibits higher expression of cytochrome P450 reductase, and well-oxygenated malignant cells that overexpress the bioreductive enzyme NQO1 (NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase). Apaziquone may selectively sensitize hypoxic tumor cells to radiocytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-hydroxymethyl-5-aziridinyl-1-methyl-2-(1H-indole-4,7-dione) prop-beta-en-alpha-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APAZIQUONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Apaziquone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apaziquone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E O9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EO9","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eoquin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoquin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Qapzola","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"382456"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0095568"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"114560-48-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H464ZO600O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42095"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42095"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H16N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"EO9"}]}}{"C48640":{"preferredName":"APC8015F","code":"C48640","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine made from immune system cells taken from a patient with prostate cancer and frozen for future use. The cells are treated in the laboratory with a growth factor attached to a protein called prostatic-acid phosphatase (PAP), which is found on prostate cancer cells. When APC8015F is injected into the patient, it may cause T cells (a type of white blood cell) to kill tumor cells that have PAP on them.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cell-based vaccine composed of previously frozen autologous antigen-presenting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (enriched for a dendritic cell fraction) that have been exposed to a recombinant protein consisting of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) fused to prostatic-acid phosphatase (PAP), a protein expressed by prostate cancer cells. Upon administration, the vaccine may stimulate an antitumor T-cell response against tumor cells expressing PAP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APC 8015F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APC8015F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APC8015F","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"APC8015F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APC8015F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541593"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385490"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385490"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"APC8015F"}]}}{"C150216":{"preferredName":"APE1/Ref-1 Redox Inhibitor APX3330","code":"C150216","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/reduction-oxidation (redox) effector factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1; APEX1), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the APE1/Ref-1 Inhibitor APX3330 selectively targets and binds to APE1/Ref-1. This inhibits the redox-dependent signaling activity of APE1/Ref-1, by preventing the reduction and activation of numerous APE1/Ref-1-dependent oncogenic transcription factors (TFs), such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), AP-1, STAT3, p53, NRF2 and HIF-1alpha, that are involved in signaling, cell proliferation, tumor progression and survival of cancer cells. Therefore, this agent inhibits the activation of multiple TF-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits tumor cell proliferation and survival. APE1/Ref-1, a multifunctional protein overexpressed in many cancer cell types, plays a key role as a redox regulator of transcription factor activation and in base excision repair upon DNA damage. It drives cancer cell proliferation, migration, drug resistance, angiogenesis and inflammation and its expression level correlates with increased tumor aggressiveness and decreased patient survival. APX3330 specifically blocks the redox activity of APE1/Ref-1 and does not affect its ability to act as a DNA repair endonuclease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APE1/Ref-1 Inhibitor APX3330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APE1/Ref-1 Redox Inhibitor APX3330","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"APE1/Ref-1 Redox Inhibitor APX3330","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APX 3330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APX-3330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APX-3330","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"APX3330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E 3330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E3330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[(2E)-2-[(4,5-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,6-dioxo-1,4-cyclohexadien-1-yl)methylene]-undecanoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551955"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"11267UI968"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794415"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794415"}]}}{"C28802":{"preferredName":"Aphidicoline Glycinate","code":"C28802","definitions":[{"description":"A tetracyclic diterpene antibiotic isolated from the fungus Cephalosporium aphidicola and other fungal species with potential antineoplastic activity. Aphidicoline glycinate blocks the cell cycle at early S-phase by specifically inhibiting DNA polymerases in eukaryotic cells, induces apoptosis, and stops the growth of eukaryotic cells and certain viruses by selectively inhibiting DNA polymerase II or viral-induced DNA polymerases. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aphidicoline Glycinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1516035"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aphidicoline_Glycinate"}]}}{"C126661":{"preferredName":"Apilimod Dimesylate Capsule","code":"C126661","definitions":[{"description":"A capsule containing the dimesylate salt form of apilimod, an inhibitor of the class III PI kinase phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase (PIKfyve), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration of apilimod dimesylate capsule, apilimod selectively binds to and inhibits PIKfyve. The inhibition leads to disruption of PIKfyve-mediated signal transduction pathways and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in PIKfyve-overexpressing tumor cells. Also, PIKfyve inhibition by apilimod inhibits the toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced production of various cytokines, including interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-23, thereby preventing IL-12/IL-23-mediated immune responses. PIKfyve, a lipid kinase dysregulated in various tumor types, plays a key role in TLR signaling and tumor cell migration, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apilimod Dimesylate Capsule","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apilimod Dimesylate Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAM 002A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAM-002A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503772"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780441"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780441"}]}}{"C91731":{"preferredName":"Apitolisib","code":"C91731","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available agent targeting phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Apitolisib inhibits both PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition of cancer cells overexpressing PI3K/mTOR. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated in a PI3K-independent fashion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APITOLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Apitolisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apitolisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC 0980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GNE 390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7422","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984520"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1032754-93-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1C854K1MIJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639518"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639518"}]}}{"C2228":{"preferredName":"Apolizumab","code":"C2228","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of hematologic (blood) cancers. Apolizumab binds to a protein called ID10, which is found on the surface of some types of immune cells and cancer cells. It may help the immune system kill cancer cells. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against 1D10, a polymorphic determinant on the HLA-DR beta chain that is expressed on normal and neoplastic B cells. Apolizumab induces complement-mediated cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and apoptosis of 1D10 antigen-positive B cells in vitro. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1D10 Anti-lymphoma Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APOLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Apolizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apolizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAbHu1D10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb Hu1D10","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb: Hu1D10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Hu1D10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal antibody 1D10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Remitogen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"apolizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"710066"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"704867"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1122758"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"267227-08-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G88KCP51RE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38451"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38451"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Apolizumab"}]}}{"C71693":{"preferredName":"Apomab","code":"C71693","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against human death receptor 5 (DR5; TRAIL-R2; TNFRSF10B) with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Mimicking the natural ligand TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand), apomab binds to DR5, which may directly activate the extrinsic apoptosis pathway and indirectly induce the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in tumor cells. DR5 is a cell surface receptor of the TNF-receptor superfamily and is expressed in a broad range of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Apomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346838"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1108170-71-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"703KLX5LXZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"555507"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"555507"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Apomab"}]}}{"C1873":{"preferredName":"Apomine","code":"C1873","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called bisphosphonates. It affects cancer cell receptors governing cell growth and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 1,1-bisphosphonate ester with potential antineoplastic and hypocholesterolemic activities. SR-45023A binds to hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone matrix where it inhibits enzymatic activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which is required for the formation of mevalonate, the precursor of cholesterol. Consequently, shortage of mevalonate impedes the synthesis of downstream isoprenoids that are essential for protein prenylation. This leads to the loss of activity of proteins involved in osteoclast function and cellular proliferation, such as Ras and Rho, leading to an inhibition of cellular proliferation, and induction of osteoclasts apoptosis. In addition, SR-45023A activates the farnesoid X activated receptor (FXR), a member of the nuclear hormone superfamily implicated in cholesterol metabolism and bile acid transport and may play a role in this agent's antineoplastic effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apomine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphonic acid, (2-(3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylidene)bis-, tetrakis(1-methylethyl) Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKF 99085","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR-45023A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR-45023A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SR-45023A (Apomine)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"TETRAISOPROPYL 2-(3,5-DI-TERT-BUTYL-4-HYDROXYPHENYL)ETHYL-1,1-BIPHOSPHONATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tetraisopropyl-2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0766100"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"126411-13-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JQ95208805"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43447"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43447"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H52O7P2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SR-45023A"}]}}{"C69134":{"preferredName":"Apoptosis Inducer BZL101","code":"C69134","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active aqueous extract derived from the plant Scutellaria barbata with potential antineoplastic activity. Sparing normal cells, apoptosis inducer BZL101 specifically facilitates translocation of the protein apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from the mitochondrial membrane into the nucleus in tumor cells, thereby causing tumor cell-specific chromatin condensation and DNA degradation followed by the induction of caspase-independent apoptosis. AIF is both a mitochondrial intermembrane flavoprotein with oxidoreductase activity and a caspase-independent death effector that, similar to cytochrome c, is released from mitochondria early in the apoptotic process.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apoptosis Inducer BZL101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apoptosis Inducer BZL101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BZL101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1999759"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543519"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543519"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Apoptosis_Inducer_BZL101"}]}}{"C70984":{"preferredName":"Apoptosis Inducer GCS-100","code":"C70984","definitions":[{"description":"A galectin-binding polysaccharide derived from citrus pectin with potential antineoplastic activity. Apoptosis inducer GCS-100 binds to the carbohydrate-binding domain of the lectin galectin-3, which may result in apoptosis mediated through mitochondria/caspase activation cascades; this agent may overcome tumor growth mediated through anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, heat-shock protein 27 (Hsp27), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB). Galectin-3, a chimeric molecule consisting of both carbohydrate recognition and collagen-like domains, interacts with a variety of carbohydrate and protein ligands to form pentamers with unique crosslinking abilities; this lectin also exhibits anti-apoptotic properties, perhaps, in part, through the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apoptosis Inducer GCS-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apoptosis Inducer GCS-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GCS-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GCS-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1690444"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3HO3IZ2ILX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"567705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"567705"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Apoptosis_Inducer_GCS-100"}]}}{"C64781":{"preferredName":"Apoptosis Inducer MPC-2130","code":"C64781","definitions":[{"description":"A broad-acting, apoptosis-inducing, small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, apoptosis inducer MPC-2130 exhibits proapoptotic activities in tumor cells, including membrane phosphatidylserine externalization, release of cytochrome C from mitochondria, caspase activation, cell condensation, and DNA fragmentation. In addition, because this agent is not a substrate for several types of multidrug resistance (MDR) ABC superfamily transporters, such as P-glycoprotein 1 (MDR-1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), and breast cancer resistance protein 1 (BCRP1/ABCG2), it may be useful in treating MDR tumors that express these particular MDR efflux pumps.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apoptosis Inducer MPC-2130","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPC-2130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881499"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526178"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526178"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MPC-2130"}]}}{"C74021":{"preferredName":"Apricoxib","code":"C74021","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Apricoxib binds to and inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), thereby inhibiting the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. Apricoxib-mediated inhibition of COX-2 may induce tumor cell apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. COX-related metabolic pathways may represent crucial regulators of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APRICOXIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Apricoxib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Apricoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COX-2 Inhibitor TG01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-706","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-109339","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP2001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1737955"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"197904-84-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5X5HB3VZ3Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594363"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594363"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H20N2O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"COX-2_Inhibitor_TG01"}]}}{"C121212":{"preferredName":"Aprutumab Ixadotin","code":"C121212","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) directed against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2 (FGFR2) and conjugated to an as of yet unidentified toxin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, aprutumab ixadotin binds to FGFR2. Upon binding, the toxin selectively induces cell death, through an as of yet undisclosed mechanism of action, in FGFR2-expressing tumor cells. FGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays an essential role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC BAY1187982","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APRUTUMAB IXADOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aprutumab Ixadotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aprutumab Ixadotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1187982","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1187982","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053667"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1708947-48-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DDD2AB5TWK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769589"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769589"}]}}{"C62522":{"preferredName":"AR Antagonist BMS-641988","code":"C62522","definitions":[{"description":"An androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic and anti-androgenic activities. BMS-641988 binds to the androgen receptor in target tissues, thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation, and facilitates the formation of inactive complexes that cannot be translocated to the nucleus. This may inhibit androgen-dependent gene expression, subsequently leading to an inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis in AR-expressing cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR Antagonist BMS-641988","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AR Antagonist BMS-641988","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-641988","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831892"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489385"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489385"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BMS-641988"}]}}{"C1879":{"preferredName":"Arabinoxylan Compound MGN3","code":"C1879","definitions":[{"description":"An arabinoxylane polysaccharide composed of the hemicellulose-Beta extract of rice bran, treated with enzymes from Shiitake mushrooms, that exerts antitumor and antiviral activity by increasing the level of natural killer cells activation. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arabinoxylan Compound","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arabinoxylan Compound MGN3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biobran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biobran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"MGN3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0963824"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"204866-62-6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MGN3"}]}}{"C162540":{"preferredName":"Aranose","code":"C162540","definitions":[{"description":"A nitrosourea derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, aranose alkylates and crosslinks DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(alpha-L-Arabinopyranosyl)-1-methyl-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARANOSE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aranose","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aranoza","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRC 0510375","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRC-0510375","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971124"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"CAS 167396-23-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7149VX7891"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C161803":{"preferredName":"ARC Fusion Protein SL-279252","code":"C161803","definitions":[{"description":"An agonist redirected checkpoint (ARC) fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domains of human programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4; OX40 ligand; OX40L; CD252), linked by a central Fc domain (PD1-Fc-OX40L), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, ARC fusion protein SL-279252 simultaneously binds to both tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4; OX40) and PD-1 expressed on T-lymphocytes. Stimulation of OX40 may promote cytokine production and induce proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes against tumor cells, while PD-1 binding disrupts PD-1 signaling and may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells. This may enhance the immune-mediated elimination of tumor cells more effectively than PD-1 blockade or OX40-agonism alone. OX40L, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family, provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; CD274) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARC Fusion Protein SL-279252","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ARC Fusion Protein SL-279252","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agonist Redirected Checkpoint Fusion Protein SL-279252","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD1-Fc-OX40L ARC Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL 279252","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL-279252","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL279252","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970428"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798455"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798455"}]}}{"C88335":{"preferredName":"Archexin","code":"C88335","definitions":[{"description":"A 20-mer antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) against the proto-oncogene Akt with potential antineoplastic activity. Akt-1 antisense oligonucleotide RX-0201 binds to Akt-1 mRNA, inhibiting translation of the transcript; suppression of Akt-1 expression may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress Akt-1. Akt-1 is a serine-threonine protein kinase that stimulates proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARCHEXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Akt-1 Antisense Oligonucleotide RX-0201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Archexin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RX-0201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413599"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4TEW51C830"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662321"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662321"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C194H228N70O103P19S19"}]}}{"C1494":{"preferredName":"Arcitumomab","code":"C1494","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG monoclonal Fab' fragment antibody directed against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a protein that is overexpressed by many tumor cell types. For tumors that overexpress CEA, technetium-99m labeled arcitumomab may be used as an adjunct diagnostic imaging tool to obtain prognostic information following resection and to monitor for recurrent disease. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARCITUMOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Arcitumomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEA-Scan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMMU-4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G 1 (mouse monoclonal IMMU-4 Fab' fragment gamma-chain anti-human antigen CEA), disulfide with mouse Monoclonal IMMU-4 Light Chain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938206"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154361-48-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Colorectal carcinoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma detection"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"79T6JRG308"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42612"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42612"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Arcitumomab"}]}}{"C157079":{"preferredName":"Arfolitixorin","code":"C157079","definitions":[{"description":"The R-isomer of folitixorin, a reduced folate-based biomodulator and active metabolite of folate drugs leucovorin (LV) and levoleucovorin (l-LV) that can be used to increase the efficacy of certain antimetabolites, such as the cytotoxic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and reduce as well as protect against certain antimetabolite-associated adverse effects, such as those seen with high-dose (HD) methotrexate. Upon administration of arfolitixorin, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHF) is a reduced folate substrate for the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS) and stabilizes, upon co-administration of 5-FU, the covalent binding of the 5-FU metabolite 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate (FdUMP), instead of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP), to its target enzyme TS, which results in an inhibition of TS. This inhibits the synthesis of deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) and leads to the depletion of thymidine triphosphate (TTP), which is a necessary constituent of DNA. This inhibits DNA synthesis, which leads to an inhibition of cellular proliferation and induces tumor cell death. As MTHF is able to stabilize and strengthen the ternary complex, co-administration of arfolitixorin enhances the inhibition of DNA synthesis and increases the cytotoxic effect of 5-FU. As MTHF is the active form of folate and the active metabolite of LV and l-LV, arfolitixorin does not need to be converted to an active metabolite to become activated. In DNA synthesis, a ternary complex is formed between the reduced folate substrate MTHF, the TS enzyme and dUMP in order to convert dUMP to the DNA building block dTMP, which is necessary for DNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6R)-5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6R-5,10-methyleneTHF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6R-5-10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6R-MTHF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6R-methylene THF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARFOLITIXORIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Arfolitixorin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Arfolitixorin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylenetetrahydrofolic Acid, L-(+)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modufolin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rescufolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[6R] 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[6R]-5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936794"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"31690-11-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z8R4A37V9Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796585"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796585"}]}}{"C142866":{"preferredName":"Numidargistat","code":"C142866","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of arginase, a manganese-dependent enzyme that hydrolyzes the amino acid arginine to form ornithine and urea, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, numidargistat inhibits the breakdown of arginine by arginase, which is produced by myeloid cells, and restores arginine levels. This allows arginine to stimulate the synthesis of nitric oxide and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which induces the proliferation and activation of T-cells. Therefore, this agent may prevent the immunosuppressive effects of tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells and promote lymphocyte-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. Arginase is produced by neutrophils, macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and plays a role in inflammation-associated immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arginase Inhibitor INCB001158","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB-1158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB1158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB001158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUMIDARGISTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Numidargistat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Numidargistat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540753"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2095732-06-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IFD73D535A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791808"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791808"}]}}{"C2570":{"preferredName":"Arginine Butyrate","code":"C2570","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The butyric acid salt of the amino acid arginine. In EBV-related lymphomas, arginine butyrate induces EBV thymidine kinase transcription and may act synergistically with the antiviral agent ganciclovir to inhibit cell proliferation and decrease cell viability. In addition, the butyrate moiety inhibits histone deacetylase, which results in hyperacetylation of histones H3 and H4. Acetylated histones have a reduced affinity for chromatin; this reduced histone-chromatin affinity may allow chromosomal unfolding, potentially enhancing the expression of genes related to tumor cell growth arrest and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARGININE BUTYRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Arginine Butyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Arginine Butyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Arginine, Butanoate (3:4)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"arginine butyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052329"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"80407-72-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IK8S1P79MU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42492"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42492"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"3C6H14N4O2.4C4H8O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Arginine_Butyrate"}]}}{"C74013":{"preferredName":"Arnebia Indigo Jade Pearl Topical Cream","code":"C74013","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary multiherbal topical cream based on Chinese herbal medicine with potential antineoplastic, antiviral, antibacterial and immunostimulatory activities. Arnebia Indigo Jade Pearl topical cream contains 12 ingredients including 9 herbs infused in sesame oil, with an additional three powdered ingredients and beeswax added to the infused oil to create the salve. The purported mechanism(s) of action is unclear due to the complexity of the herbal mixture.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AIJP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arnebia Indigo Jade Pearl Topical Cream","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Arnebia Indigo Jade Pearl Topical Cream","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383530"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589518"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589518"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Arnebia_Indigo_Jade_Pearl_Topical_Cream"}]}}{"C1005":{"preferredName":"Arsenic Trioxide","code":"C1005","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) that has not gotten better or that has come back after treatment with other anticancer drugs. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small-molecule arsenic compound with antineoplastic activity. The mechanism of action of arsenic trioxide is not completely understood. This agent causes damage to or degradation of the promyelocytic leukemia protein/retinoic acid receptor-alpha (PML/RARa) fusion protein; induces apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells and in many other tumor cell types; promotes cell differentiation and suppresses cell proliferation in many different tumor cell types; and is pro-angiogenic. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARSENIC TRIOXIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ATO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arsenic (III) Oxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arsenic Sesquioxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arsenic Trioxide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Arsenic Trioxide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arsenic Trioxide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Arsenous Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arsenous Acid Anhydride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arsenous Oxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trisenox","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trisenox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"White Arsenic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"arsenic trioxide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"706363"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052416"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1327-53-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Myelodysplastic syndrome; multiple myeloma; chronic myeloid leukemia; acute myelocytic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S7V92P67HO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43067"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43067"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"As2O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Arsenic_Trioxide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:30621"}]}}{"C133720":{"preferredName":"Arsenic Trioxide Capsule Formulation ORH 2014","code":"C133720","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable capsule formulation of the inorganic toxic compound arsenic trioxide (As2O3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action (MoA) of As2O3 is not well understood, upon oral administration of ORH 2014, As2O3 appears to bind to DNA, prevent DNA synthesis, and cause DNA fragmentation, which leads to an induction of apoptosis in proliferating cells, including tumor cells. In addition, As2O3 causes damage to and induces degradation of the promyelocytic leukemia protein/retinoic acid receptor-alpha (PML/RARa) fusion protein, and inhibits the activity of the enzyme thioredoxin reductase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arsenic Trioxide Capsule Formulation ORH 2014","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Arsenic Trioxide Capsule Formulation ORH 2014","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arsenic Trioxide Formulation ORH 2014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"As2O3 Formulation ORH 2014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORH 2014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Arsenic Trioxide Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520496"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788312"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788312"}]}}{"C118504":{"preferredName":"Artemether Sublingual Spray","code":"C118504","definitions":[{"description":"A sublingual spray containing artemether, a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin, an endoperoxide extracted from the Chinese herb qinghaosu (Artemisia annua or annual wormwood), with antiparasitic and potential antineoplastic activity. Upon sublingual application of the spray, artemether exerts its antineoplastic activity through as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism(s) of action. This agent binds to heme molecules inside cells, thereby inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated damage which selectively kills cancer cells. In addition, artemether appears to target and modulate the expression of various proteins involved in cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Also, this agent depletes T regulatory cells, and modulates the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma. Altogether, this inhibits tumor cell proliferation. The sublingual spray allows faster absorption of a higher percentage of the artemether dose, when compared to the oral form, as it avoids first pass metabolism; this results in an increased efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Artemether Sublingual Spray","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LON002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sublingual Artemether Spray","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3900015"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765719"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765719"}]}}{"C60769":{"preferredName":"Artemisinin Dimer","code":"C60769","definitions":[{"description":"A sesquiterpene lactone peroxide and dimerized plant product derived from Artemisia annua L with anti-malarial, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects. Artemisinin contains an endoperoxide moiety which forms free radicals when it reacts with iron. The resultant carbon-based radical can lead to cellular damage and cell death by reacting with cellular macromolecules such as proteins and membrane lipids. Malaria parasites contain large amounts of heme-iron, a product from the digestion of hemoglobin. However, recently it has been suggested that activation of artemisinin inside the parasite is by ferrous iron. Furthermore, due to their rapid rate of division, cancer cells require and uptake a large amount of iron to proliferate, therefore they are more susceptible to the cytotoxic effect of artemisinin than non-cancerous cells. The dimer configuration has been shown to increase compound stability and reduce general toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Artemisinin Dimer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"724910"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879739"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Artemisinin_Dimer"}]}}{"C73005":{"preferredName":"Artesunate","code":"C73005","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, semi-synthetic derivative of the sesquiterpine lactone artemisinin with anti-malarial, anti-schistosomiasis, antiviral, and potential anti-neoplastic activities. Upon hydrolysis of artesunate's active endoperoxide bridge moiety by liberated heme in parasite-infected red blood cells, reactive oxygen species and carbon-centered radicals form, which have been shown to damage and kill parasitic organisms. Additionally, in vitro studies demonstrate that this agent induces DNA breakage in a dose-dependent manner. Artesunate has also been shown to stimulate cell differentiation, arrest the cell cycle in the G1 and G2/M phases, inhibit cell proliferation, and induce apoptosis through mitochondrial and caspase signaling pathways. Artemisinin is isolated from the plant Artemisia annua.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-oxo-4-{[(3R,5aS,6R,8aS,9R,10S,12R,12aR)-3,6,9-trimethyldecahydro-3,12-epoxypyrano[4,3-j]-1,2-benzodioxepin-10-yl]oxy}butanoic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARTESUNATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Artesunate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Artesunate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR 256283","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052432"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"88495-63-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"60W3249T9M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617258"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H28O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Artesunate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63918"}]}}{"C131020":{"preferredName":"Arugula Seed Powder","code":"C131020","definitions":[{"description":"A dietary supplement containing an extract powder derived from the seeds of the cruciferous vegetable arugula (Eruca sativa), with potential chemopreventive and antioxidant activities. Arugula seed powder contains numerous vitamins and minerals, and is rich in phytonutrients, such as sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol. Although the exact mechanism of action through which arugula seed powder may exert its anti-tumor effect has yet to be fully elucidated, the effects of this powder on cancer cells may be attributable to the antioxidant and pro-apoptotic activities of the phytonutrients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arugula Seed Powder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eruca sativa Seed Powder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513823"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785258"}]}}{"C164317":{"preferredName":"Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Antagonist BAY2416964","code":"C164317","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available formulation containing a small molecule antagonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR; class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 76; bHLHe76) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, AhR antagonist BAY2416964 specifically binds to AhR, inhibits AhR activation, and prevents AhR-mediated signaling. Abrogation of AhR activation prevents the activation of immune-tolerant dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This may restore the immune response against tumor cells. AhR, a member of the basic helix-loop-helix/Per-Arnt-Sim (bHLH/PAS) family of transcription factors, has important roles in regulating immunity and cellular differentiation. AhR can exhibit both pro-oncogenic and tumor suppressor-like functions depending on the tumor type; therefore, its expression may serve as a negative or positive prognostic factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AhR Antagonist BAY2416964","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AhR Inhibitor BAY2416964","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Antagonist BAY2416964","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Antagonist BAY2416964","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibitor BAY2416964","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 2416964","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-2416964","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY2416964","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977437"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799706"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799706"}]}}{"C1346":{"preferredName":"Asaley","code":"C1346","definitions":[{"description":"An L-leucine derivative of melphalan with antineoplastic activity. Asaley alkylates and crosslinks DNA, resulting in disruption of DNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Asalex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Asalex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asaley","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asaley","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ethyl ester of N-acetyl-DL-sarcolysyl-L-leucine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Leucine, N-[N-acetyl-4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-DL-phenylalanyl]-, ethyl ester (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Leucine, N-[N-acetyl-4-[bis-(2-chloroethyl)amino]-DL-phenylalanyl]-, ethylester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-leucine, N-[N-acetyl-4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-DL-phenylalanyl]-, ethyl ester (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-leucine, N-[N-acetyl-4-[bis-(2-chloroethyl)amino]-DL-phenylalanyl]-, ethylester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leucine, N-[N-acetyl-3-[p-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]-DL-alanyl]-, ethyl ester, L- (8CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ethyl ester of N-acetyl-DL-sarcolysyl-L-leucine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"leucine, N-[N-acetyl-3-[p-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]-DL-alanyl]-, ethyl ester, L- (8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"167780"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0064791"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39151"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39151"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Asaley"}]}}{"C114494":{"preferredName":"Asciminib","code":"C114494","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, allosteric Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome resistance, ABL001 binds to the Abl portion of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein at a location that is distinct from the ATP-binding domain. This binding results in the inhibition of Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) hematological malignancies. The Bcr-Abl fusion protein tyrosine kinase is an abnormal enzyme produced by leukemia cells that contain the Philadelphia chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABL001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASCIMINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Asciminib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472320"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L1F3R18W77"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758893"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758893"}]}}{"C91073":{"preferredName":"Ascrinvacumab","code":"C91073","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human, IgG2 monoclonal antibody directed against activin-like receptor kinase 1 (ALK-1) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ascrinvacumab binds to and neutralizes ALK-1. This may disrupt tumor endothelial cell function and inhibit tumor angiogenesis, eventually leading to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. ALK-1, a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b) type I receptor family, is overexpressed on endothelial cells in a variety of tumor cell types and increases endothelial cell proliferation and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASCRINVACUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anti-Activin Receptor-like Kinase 1 Monoclonal Antibody PF-03446962","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ascrinvacumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ascrinvacumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-03446962","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984015"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1463459-96-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"716FQ5REVO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580797"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580797"}]}}{"C77883":{"preferredName":"Ashwagandha Root Powder Extract","code":"C77883","definitions":[{"description":"A dietary supplement containing an extract powder derived from the root of the ashwagandha shrub with potential antineoplastic, antioxidant, immunostimulating and anti-angiogenic activities. Ashwagandha root powder extract contains numerous alkaloids, including withanine as the primary alkaloid, and steroidal lactone withanolides. The withanolides in this agent may suppress nuclear factor-kappaB activation and nuclear factor-kappaB-regulated gene expression, potentiating apoptosis and inhibiting tumor cell invasion. Cultivated in India and North America, ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal or Indian ginseng) belongs to the Solanaceae (nightshade) family.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ashwagandha Root Powder Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387179"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598859"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598859"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ashwagandha_Root_Powder_Extract"}]}}{"C122720":{"preferredName":"ASP4132","code":"C122720","definitions":[{"description":"A molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ASP4132 affects oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria of metabolically-active tumor cells, which reduces both energy production and tumor cell proliferation. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is hyperactivated in tumor cells and plays a key role in the promotion of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP4132","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055601"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770100"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770100"}]}}{"C286":{"preferredName":"Asparaginase","code":"C286","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and is being studied in the treatment of some other types of cancer. It is an enzyme taken from the bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli). It breaks down the amino acid asparagine and may block the growth of tumor cells that need asparagine to grow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An enzyme isolated from the bacterium Escherichia coli or the bacterium Erwinia carotovora with antileukemic activity. Asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia in leukemic cells, resulting in the depletion of asparagine, inhibition of protein synthesis, cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, and apoptosis in susceptible leukemic cell populations. Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in leukemic cells; some leukemic cells cannot synthesize this amino acid de novo due to the absent or deficient expression of the enzyme asparagine synthase. The E. carotovora-derived form of asparaginase is typically reserved for cases of asparaginase hypersensitivity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASPARAGINASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Asparaginase","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Asparaginase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asparaginase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Asparaginase II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asparaginase-E.Coli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colaspase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Colaspase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elspar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elspar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Elspar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Kidrolase","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidrolase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-ASP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Asnase","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Asnase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Asparaginase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Asparaginase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Asparagine Amidohydrolase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Asparagine amidohydrolase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-asparaginase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Laspar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lcf-ASP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leucogen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leucogen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leunase","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leunase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MK-965","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paronal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re-82-TAD-15","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serasa","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spectrila","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"asparaginase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"109229"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003993"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9015-68-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute lymphocytic leukemia; Acute non-lymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G4FQ3CKY5R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41146"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41146"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Asparaginase"}]}}{"C64260":{"preferredName":"Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi","code":"C64260","definitions":[{"description":"An enzyme isolated from the bacterium Erwinia chrysanthemi (E. carotovora). Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in leukemic cells, which cannot synthesize this amino acid due to the absence of the enzyme asparagine synthase. Asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia, thereby depleting leukemic cells of asparagine and blocking protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation, especially in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. This agent also induces apoptosis in tumor cells. The Erwinia-derived product is often used for those patients who have experienced a hypersensitivity reaction to the E. Coli formulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASPARAGINASE ERWINIA CHRYSANTHEMI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Crisantaspase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Crisantaspasum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erwinase","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erwinaze","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-asparginase (Erwinia )","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"106977"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771210"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9015-68-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute lymphocytic leukemia; Acute non-lymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D733ET3F9O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601044"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601044"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Asparaginase-Erwinia"}]}}{"C165280":{"preferredName":"Astatine At 211 Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody OKT10-B10","code":"C165280","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate composed of the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) OKT10-B10 labeled with the alpha-emitting radionuclide astatine (At) 211 (211At), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of astatine At 211 anti-CD38 MoAb OKT10-B10, the MoAb moiety targets and binds to CD38-expressing tumor cells, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation directly to the CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is present on various immune cells and in hematologic malignancies; its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"211At-OKT10-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine 211-labeled Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody OKT10-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 Anti-CD38 MoAb OKT10-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody OKT10-B10","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody OKT10-B10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine-211-OKT10-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"At211-OKT10-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[211At]OKT10-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978515"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799762"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799762"}]}}{"C133190":{"preferredName":"Astatine At 211 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8-B10","code":"C133190","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate containing the murine IgG1 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody (MAb) BC8 where the lysine side groups have been conjugated with decaborate (closo-decaborate; B10) and labeled with astatine (At) 211, with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Astatine At 211 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody BC8-B10 binds to CD45 antigen, a receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase expressed on the surface of both normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. After binding and internalization by CD45-expressing tumor cells, this agent may deliver a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation. Additionally, the radiolabel can be leveraged to assay the biodistribution and/or pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) for this agent. The use of B10 rather than other labeling methods increases the therapeutic efficacy while decreasing the toxicity of the radioconjugate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Astatine 211-Labeled Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8-B10","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8-B10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 MAb BC8-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"At 211 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8-B10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"At 211 MAb BC8-B10","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520581"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789457"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789457"}]}}{"C78478":{"preferredName":"Astuprotimut-R","code":"C78478","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant form of human melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3) combined with a proprietary adjuvant with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, astuprotimut-R may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the MAGE-A3 antigen, resulting in tumor cell death. MAGE-A3, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) originally discovered in melanoma cells, is expressed by various tumor types. The proprietary immunostimulating adjuvant in this agent is composed of a specific combination of immunostimulating compounds selected to increase the anti-tumor immune response to MAGE-A3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASTUPROTIMUT-R","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Astuprotimut-R","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK1203486A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant MAGE-A3 ASCI GSK1203486A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL414862"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"949885-73-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"50I23C5UOR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600553"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600553"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_MAGE-A3_Antigen-Specific_Cancer_Immunotherapeutic_GSK1203486A"}]}}{"C91758":{"preferredName":"Asulacrine","code":"C91758","definitions":[{"description":"An amsacrine analogue with antineoplastic properties. Asulacrine inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase ll, thereby blocking DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Acridinecarboxamide,9-((2-methoxy-4-((methylsulfonyl)amino)phenyl)amino)-N,5-dimethyl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASULACRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Amsalog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asulacrine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"343499"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1765331"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"80841-47-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S8P50T62B6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H24N4O4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CI-921"}]}}{"C1050":{"preferredName":"Asulacrine Isethionate","code":"C1050","definitions":[{"description":"The isethionate salt of an amsacrine analogue with antineoplastic properties. Asulacrine inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase ll, thereby blocking DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-(2-Methoxy-4-(methylsulfonylamino)phenylamino)-N,5-dimethyl-4-acridinecarboxamide 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASULACRINE ISETHIONATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Asulacrine Isethionate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-921","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-921","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0130561"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"80841-48-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"649R3P169I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38943"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38943"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CI-921"}]}}{"C2490":{"preferredName":"At 211 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","code":"C2490","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a human-murine chimeric IgG2 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 81C6 labeled with an alpha-emitting radionuclide Astatine 211 (At-211), with imaging and radioimmunotherapeutic properties. MoAb 81C6 recognizes the extracellular matrix antigen tenascin (hexabrachion), which is up-regulated in gliomas and other cancers. Using MoAb 81C6 as a carrier for At-211 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells expressing tenascin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Astatine 211 Conjugated 81C6 Anti-Tenascin Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 MOAB 81C6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine At 211 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astatine-211 Labelled Anti-Tenascin Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"At 211 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796331"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43148"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43148"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"At_211_Monoclonal_Antibody_81C6"}]}}{"C1224":{"preferredName":"Atamestane","code":"C1224","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. Atamestane blocks the production of the hormone estrogen in the body. It belongs to the family of drugs called antiestrogens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic steroidal substance with antineoplastic activity. Atamestane binds irreversibly to and inhibits the enzyme aromatase, thereby blocking the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone and the peripheral aromatization of androgenic precursors into estrogens. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATAMESTANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atamestane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Atamestane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"atamestane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0074442"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"96301-34-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"62GA3K28B6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38195"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38195"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H26O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atamestane"}]}}{"C106250":{"preferredName":"Atezolizumab","code":"C106250","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, Fc optimized, monoclonal antibody directed against the protein ligand PD-L1 (programmed cell death-1 ligand 1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Atezolizumab binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1) expressed on activated T-cells, which may enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response to neoplasms and reverse T-cell inactivation. In addition, by binding to PD-L1, MPDL3280A also prevents binding of this ligand to B7.1 expressed on activated T cells, which further enhances the T-cell-mediated immune response. PD-L1 is overexpressed on many human cancer cell types and on various tumor-infiltrating immune cells. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in increased immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8+ T cells. The Fc region of MPDL3280A is modified in such a way that it does not induce either antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) or complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATEZOLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atezolizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Atezolizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(human CD Antigen cd274) (Human Monoclonal MPDL3280A Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal MPDL3280A Kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPDL 3280A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPDL 328OA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPDL-3280A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPDL3280A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPDL328OA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7446","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5541267","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tecentriq","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827082"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1380723-44-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"the first-line treatment of adult patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have high PD-L1 expression (PD-L1 stained >= 50% of tumor cells [TC >= 50%] or PD-L1 stained tumor-infiltrating immune cells [IC] covering >= 10% of the tumor area [IC >= 10%]), with no EGFR or ALK genomic tumor aberrations."},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma; extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC); PD-L1 positive unresectable locally advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"52CMI0WC3Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"702758"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"702758"}]}}{"C52184":{"preferredName":"Atiprimod","code":"C52184","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of certain multiple myelomas and other advanced cancers. SK&F106615 may block the growth of tumors and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. SK&F106615 is a type of signal transduction inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule belonging to the azaspirane class of cationic amphiphilic agents with anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and antiangiogenic properties. Atiprimod inhibits the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), blocking the signalling pathways of interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and downregulating the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing cell cycle arrest, and inducing apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATIPRIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atiprimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Atiprimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azaspirane SK&F106615","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-Diethyl-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro(4.5)decane-2-propanamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SK&F106615","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SK&F106615","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"atiprimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"azaspirane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1579206"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123018-47-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MG7D3QD743"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"382134"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"382134"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H44N2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atiprimod"}]}}{"C76969":{"preferredName":"Atiprimod Dihydrochloride","code":"C76969","definitions":[{"description":"The dihydrochloride salt form of atiprimod, an orally bioavailable small molecule belonging to the azaspirane class of cationic amphiphilic agents with anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and anti-angiogenic activities. Atiprimod inhibits the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and AKT, blocking the signaling pathways of interleukin-6, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and downregulating the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1. This results in the inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATIPRIMOD DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atiprimod Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698190"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"130065-61-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O12I24570R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H44N2.2ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atiprimod_Dihydrochloride"}]}}{"C76970":{"preferredName":"Atiprimod Dimaleate","code":"C76970","definitions":[{"description":"The dimaleate salt form of atiprimod, an orally bioavailable small molecule belonging to the azaspirane class of cationic amphiphilic agents with anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and antiangiogenic activities. Atiprimod inhibits the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and AKT, blocking the signaling pathways of interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and downregulating the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1. This results in the inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATIPRIMOD DIMALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atiprimod Dimaleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698191"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"183063-72-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YNU265SSR3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H44N2.2C4H4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atiprimod_Dimaleate"}]}}{"C138076":{"preferredName":"ATM Inhibitor M 3541","code":"C138076","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM), with potential chemo-/radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, M 3541 targets and binds to ATM, thereby inhibiting the kinase activity of ATM and ATM-mediated signaling. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, induces tumor cell apoptosis, and leads to cell death of ATM-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, M 3541 sensitizes tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy. ATM, a serine/threonine protein kinase, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types; it is activated in response to DNA damage and plays a key role in DNA-strand repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATM Inhibitor M 3541","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ATM Inhibitor M 3541","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Kinase Inhibitor M 3541","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 3541","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M3541","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525064"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790665"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790665"}]}}{"C124648":{"preferredName":"ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD0156","code":"C124648","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase inhibitor, with potential chemo-/radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, AZD0156 targets and binds to ATM, thereby inhibiting the kinase activity of ATM and ATM-mediated signaling. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, induces tumor cell apoptosis, and leads to cell death of ATM-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, AZD0156 sensitizes tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy. ATM, a serine/threonine protein kinase, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types; it is activated in response to DNA damage and plays a key role in DNA-strand repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD0156","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD0156","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502880"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776772"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776772"}]}}{"C150167":{"preferredName":"ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1390","code":"C150167","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AZD1390 targets and binds to ATM, thereby inhibiting the kinase activity of ATM and ATM-mediated signaling. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, induces tumor cell apoptosis, and leads to cell death in ATM-overexpressing tumor cells. AZD1390 hypersensitizes tumors to chemo/radiotherapy. In addition, AZD1390 is able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). ATM, a serine/threonine protein kinase belonging to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase (PIKK) family of protein kinases, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types. It is activated in response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and plays a key role in DNA repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-Fluoro-1-isopropyl-3-methyl-8-(6-(3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)pyridin-3-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-2(3H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1390","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1390","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD1390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552001"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2089288-03-7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C28837":{"preferredName":"Atorvastatin Calcium","code":"C28837","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to lower the amount of cholesterol in the blood and to prevent stroke, heart attack, and angina (chest pain). It is also being studied in the prevention and treatment of some types of cancer and other conditions. Atorvastatin calcium blocks an enzyme that helps make cholesterol in the body. It also causes an increase in the breakdown of cholesterol. It is a type of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and a type of statin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The calcium salt of atorvastatin, a synthetic lipid-lowering agent. Atorvastatin competitively inhibits hepatic hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent increases the number of LDL receptors on hepatic cell surfaces, enhancing the uptake and catabolism of LDL and reducing LDL production and the number of LDL particles, and lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels. Like other statins, atorvastatin may also display direct antineoplastic activity, possibly by inhibiting farnesylation and geranylgeranylation of proteins such as small GTP-binding proteins, which may result in the arrest of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. This agent may also sensitize tumor cells to cyctostatic drugs, possibly through the mTOR-dependent inhibition of Akt phosphorylation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM TRIHYDRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atorvastatin Calcium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Atorvastatin Calcium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Atorvastatin Calcium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipitor","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"atorvastatin calcium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0286650"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"344423-98-9"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"134523-03-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"48A5M73Z4Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"460239"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"460239"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C33H34FN2O5.Ca.3H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atorvastatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2911"}]}}{"C78676":{"preferredName":"Atorvastatin Sodium","code":"C78676","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of atorvastatin, a synthetic lipid-lowering agent. Atorvastatin competitively inhibits hepatic hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent increases the number of LDL receptors on hepatic cell surfaces, enhancing the uptake and catabolism of LDL and reducing LDL production and the number of LDL particles, and lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels. Like other statins, atorvastatin may also display direct antineoplastic activity, possibly by inhibiting farnesylation and geranylgeranylation of proteins such as small GTP-binding proteins, which may result in the arrest of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. This agent may also sensitize tumor cells to cyctostatic drugs, possibly through the mTOR-dependent inhibition of Akt phosphorylation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATORVASTATIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atorvastatin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698196"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"134523-01-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DN43058TIV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H34FN2O5.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atorvastatin_Sodium"}]}}{"C146807":{"preferredName":"Elimusertib","code":"C146807","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR)-specific kinase inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, elimusertib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of ATR, which prevents ATR-mediated signaling. This inhibits DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair and induces apoptosis in ATR-overexpressing tumor cells. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in DNA repair, cell cycle progression and cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATR Inhibitor BAY1895344","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor BAY1895344","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1895344","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1895344","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1895344","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELIMUSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elimusertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elimusertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544748"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1876467-74-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7N13IK9LNH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792166"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792166"}]}}{"C116355":{"preferredName":"Berzosertib","code":"C116355","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and rad3-related (ATR) kinase, a DNA damage response kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, berzosertib selectively binds to and inhibits ATR kinase activity and prevents ATR-mediated signaling in the ATR-checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) signaling pathway. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, and induces tumor cell apoptosis. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in DNA repair, cell cycle progression, and survival; it is activated by DNA damage caused during DNA replication-associated stress.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyrazinamine, 3-(3-(4-((Methylamino)methyl)phenyl)-5-isoxazolyl)-5-(4-((1-methylethyl)sulfonyl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BERZOSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Berzosertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Berzosertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 6620","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M6620","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX 970","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX-970","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX970","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896746"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1232416-25-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L423PRV3V3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761970"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761970"}]}}{"C129693":{"preferredName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor VX-803","code":"C129693","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ATR kinase inhibitor VX-803 selectively inhibits ATR activity and blocks the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase CHK1. This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, which results in the inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, the disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in DNA repair, cell cycle progression and survival; it is activated by DNA damage caused during DNA replication-associated stress.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor VX-803","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor VX-803","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 4344","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M-4344","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M4344","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX 803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX-803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507788"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802157"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802157"}]}}{"C1779":{"preferredName":"Atrasentan Hydrochloride","code":"C1779","definitions":[{"description":"The orally available hydrochloride salt of pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. As a selective antagonist of the endothelin-A (ETA) receptor, atrasentan binds selectively to the ETA receptor, which may result in inhibition of endothelin-induced angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-A 127722","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(2R,3R,4S)-4-(1,3-Benzodioxo-5-yl)-1-(2-(dibutylamino)-2-oxoethyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-pyrrolidinecarboxylic Acid Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-627","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATRASENTAN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atrasentan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Atrasentan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xinlay","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"720763"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0387926"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"195733-43-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E4G31X93ZA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38333"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38333"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H38N2O6.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atrasentan"}]}}{"C62409":{"preferredName":"Attenuated Listeria monocytogenes CRS-100","code":"C62409","definitions":[{"description":"A live-attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, attenuated Listeria monocytogenes CRS-100 may accumulate in and infect liver cells where it may activate a potent innate immune response and an adaptive immune response involving the by recruitment and activation of T lymphocytes. This agent may potentiate the immune response to vaccines against various liver neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Attenuated Listeria monocytogenes CRS-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRS-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831855"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487160"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487160"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CRS-100"}]}}{"C74595":{"preferredName":"Axalimogene Filolisbac","code":"C74595","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing a live-attenuated strain of the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7 fused to a non-hemolytic listeriolysin O protein with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination with axalimogene filolisbac, Listeria expresses the HPV 16 E7 antigen and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing HPV 16 E7. This may result in tumor cell lysis. In addition, the Listeria vector itself may induce a potent immune response. HPV 16 E7, a cell surface glycoprotein and tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed in the majority of cervical cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADXS11-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADXS11-001 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AXALIMOGENE FILOLISBAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Attenuated Live Listeria Encoding HPV 16 E7 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Attenuated Live Listeria Encoding Human Papilloma Virus 16 E7 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axalimogene Filolisbac","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Axalimogene Filolisbac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lm-LLO-E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lovaxin-C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL384120"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1587258-09-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NY7PTD1862"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673240"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673240"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Attenuated_Live_Listeria_Encoding_HPV_16_E7_Vaccine"}]}}{"C65242":{"preferredName":"Auranofin","code":"C65242","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, lipophilic, organogold compound, used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, with anti-inflammatory and potential antineoplastic activities. Auranofin interacts with selenocysteine residue within the redox-active domain of mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), thereby blocking the activity of TrxR. As a result, this agent induces mitochondrial oxidative stress leading to the induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, this agent strongly inhibits the JAK1/STAT3 signal transduction pathway, thereby suppressing expression of immune factors involved in inflammation. TrxR, overexpressed in many cancer cell types, inhibits apoptosis, promotes cell growth and survival and plays a role in resistance to chemotherapy; TrxR catalyzes the reduction of oxidized thioredoxin (Trx) and plays a central role in regulating cellular redox homeostasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AURANOFIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Auranofin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Auranofin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ridaura","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699923"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"34031-32-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3H04W2810V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710355"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710355"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H34AuO9PS"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Auranofin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2922"}]}}{"C148501":{"preferredName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668","code":"C148501","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase aurora A, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, aurora A kinase inhibitor LY3295668 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of aurora A kinase. This may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, inhibition of cell division and the induction of apoptosis in cells overexpressing aurora A kinase. Aurora A kinase, overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers, plays an essential role in the regulation of spindle assembly and mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AK 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3295668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3295668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3295668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551041"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1WX8O5XV4R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792635"}]}}{"C165238":{"preferredName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668 Erbumine","code":"C165238","definitions":[{"description":"The tert-butylamine salt form of LY3295668, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase aurora A, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, aurora A kinase inhibitor LY3295668 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of aurora A kinase. This may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, inhibition of cell division and the induction of apoptosis in cells overexpressing aurora A kinase. Aurora A kinase, overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers, plays an essential role in the regulation of spindle assembly and mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AK-01 Erbumine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668 Erbumine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668 Erbumine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora Kinase A Inhibitor LY3295668 Erbumine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3295668 Erbumine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3295668 Erbumine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3295668 Erbumine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978388"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792635"}]}}{"C90585":{"preferredName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor MK5108","code":"C90585","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, highly selective small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Aurora A, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activity. Aurora A kinase inhibitor MK5108 binds to and inhibits Aurora A kinase, which may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and eventually inhibition of cell division, proliferation and an induction of apoptosis in cells overexpressing Aurora A kinase. Aurora A kinase localizes to the spindle poles and to spindle microtubules during mitosis, and is thought to regulate spindle assembly. Aurora kinases are overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor MK5108","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor MK5108","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 5108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-5108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-5108","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MK5108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2932550"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1010085-13-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H8J407531S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575529"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575529"}]}}{"C116068":{"preferredName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor TAS-119","code":"C116068","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase aurora A, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, aurora A kinase inhibitor TAS-119 binds to and inhibits aurora A kinase, which may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, inhibition of cell division and the induction of apoptosis in cells overexpressing aurora A kinase. Aurora A kinase localizes to the spindle poles and to spindle microtubules during mitosis; it plays an essential role in the regulation of spindle assembly. Aurora kinase A is overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor TAS-119","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-2104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473487"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760907"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760907"}]}}{"C78190":{"preferredName":"Aurora A Kinase/Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ENMD-2076","code":"C78190","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable synthetic small molecule with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Aurora A kinase/tyrosine kinase inhibitor ENMD-2076 selectively binds to and inhibits non-specified tyrosine kinases and Aurora kinases (AKs). The inhibition of AKs may result in the inhibition of cell division and proliferation and may induce apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress AKs; antiangiogenic activity is related to the inhibition of angiogenic tyrosine kinases. AKs are serine-threonine kinases that play an essential role in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis and are important regulators of cell division and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase/Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ENMD-2076","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase/Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ENMD-2076","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENMD-2076","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703108"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594863"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aurora_A_Kinase_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_ENMD-2076"}]}}{"C82674":{"preferredName":"Aurora B Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-901","code":"C82674","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of the serine-threonine kinase Aurora B with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora B kinase inhibitor TAK-901 binds to and inhibits the activity of Aurora B, which may result in a decrease in the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress Aurora B. Aurora B is a positive regulator of mitosis that functions in the attachment of the mitotic spindle to the centromere; the segregation of sister chromatids to each daughter cell; and the separation of daughter cells during cytokinesis. This serine/threonine kinase may be amplified and overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora B Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-901","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora B Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826371"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632219"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632219"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aurora_B_Serine_Threonine_Kinase_Inhibitor_TAK-901"}]}}{"C91081":{"preferredName":"Aurora B/C Kinase Inhibitor GSK1070916A","code":"C91081","definitions":[{"description":"An ATP-competitive inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinases Aurora B and C with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora B/C kinase inhibitor GSK1070916A binds to and inhibits the activity of Aurora B and C, which may result in inhibition of cellular division and a decrease in the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress the Aurora kinases B and C. Aurora kinases play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis, and are overexpressed by a wide variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora B/C Kinase Inhibitor GSK1070916A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK1070916A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416287"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670668"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670668"}]}}{"C162532":{"preferredName":"Aurora kinase A/B inhibitor TT-00420","code":"C162532","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of Aurora kinases (AKs) A and B and other currently undisclosed kinases with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, Aurora kinase inhibitor TT-00420 selectively binds to and inhibits AKs A and B, which may inhibit cell division in tumor cells that overexpress AKs. TT-00420 may also target other not yet disclosed kinases that play a role in tumor-associated inflammation and immune evasion. Aurora kinases are serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control and are overexpressed by a wide variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AK A/B inhibitor TT-00420","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora kinase A/B inhibitor TT-00420","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora kinase A/B inhibitor TT-00420","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor TT-00420","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TT 00420","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TT-00420","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TT00420","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971116"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798739"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798739"}]}}{"C82349":{"preferredName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor AMG 900","code":"C82349","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of Aurora kinases A, B and C with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase inhibitor AMG 900 selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of Aurora kinases A, B and C, which may result in inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress these kinases. Aurora kinases are serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis and are overexpressed by a wide variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 900","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor AMG 900","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor AMG 900","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830045"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639524"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639524"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aurora_Kinase_Inhibitor_AMG_900"}]}}{"C74014":{"preferredName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor BI 811283","code":"C74014","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Aurora kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase inhibitor BI 811283 binds to and inhibits Aurora kinases, resulting in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and inhibition of cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor BI 811283","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 811283","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383543"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590640"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590640"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aurora_Kinase_Inhibitor_BI_811283"}]}}{"C61075":{"preferredName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor MLN8054","code":"C61075","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, highly selective small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Aurora A kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Auora kinase inhibitor MLN8054 binds to and inhibits Aurora kinase A, resulting in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and inhibition of cell proliferation. Aurora A localizes in mitosis to the spindle poles and to spindle microtubules and is thought to regulate spindle assembly. Aberrant expression of Aurora kinases occurs in a wide variety of cancers, including colon and breast cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor MLN8054","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzoic Acid, 4-((9-Chloro-7-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-5H-pyrimido(5,4-d)(2)benzazepin-2-yl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN 8054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN-8054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN8054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN8054","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831780"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"869363-13-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BX854EHD63"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473901"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473901"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MLN8054"}]}}{"C66946":{"preferredName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor PF-03814735","code":"C66946","definitions":[{"description":"An aurora kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PF-03814735 binds to and inhibits aurora kinases, serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis. Inhibition of aurora kinases may result in an inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress aurora kinases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor PF-03814735","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-03814735","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1882256"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536035"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536035"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PF-03814735"}]}}{"C70655":{"preferredName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor SNS-314","code":"C70655","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small molecule Aurora kinase (AK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase inhibitor SNS-314 selectively binds to and inhibits AKs A and B, which may result in the inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress AKs. AKs are serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor SNS-314","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor SNS-314","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS-314","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346877"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570599"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570599"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aurora_Kinase_Inhibitor_SNS-314"}]}}{"C84846":{"preferredName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor TTP607","code":"C84846","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule pan-Aurora kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase inhibitor TTP607 selectively binds to and inhibits Aurora kinases A, B and C, which may result in the disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in Aurora kinase-overexpressing tumor cells. Aurora kinases A, B and C, are serine/threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control and are overexpressed by a wide variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor TTP607","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTP607","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412399"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650689"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650689"}]}}{"C70983":{"preferredName":"Aurora Kinase/VEGFR2 Inhibitor CYC116","code":"C70983","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It blocks certain enzymes involved in cell division and may kill cancer cells. It may also prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of protein kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule multi-kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase/VEGFR 2 inhibitor CYC116 inhibits Aurora kinases A and B and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), resulting in disruption of the cell cycle, rapid cell death, and the inhibition of angiogenesis. Aurora kinases are serine/threonine protein kinases that are only expressed in actively dividing cells and are critical in division or mitosis. VEGFR2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase that appears to account for most of the mitogenic and chemotactic effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on adult endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora Kinase/VEGFR2 Inhibitor CYC116","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aurora Kinase/VEGFR2 Inhibitor CYC116","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYC116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYC116","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346878"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"566443"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"566443"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aurora_Kinase_VEGFR2_Inhibitor_CYC116"}]}}{"C139730":{"preferredName":"Autologous ACTR-CD16-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes ACTR707","code":"C139730","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified, using proprietary Antibody-Coupled T-cell Receptor (ACTR) technology, to express a chimeric protein containing, at least, the extracellular Fc receptor domain of CD16, normally found on certain immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, coupled to the co-stimulatory signaling domain of CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient with co-administration of a cancer-specific antibody, the co-administered antibody targets and binds to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on the tumor cell. In turn, the autologous ACTR-CD16-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes ACTR707 bind to the antibody, become activated and induce the destruction of the tumor cells by a) releasing cytotoxins that directly kill cancer cells; b) releasing cytokines that trigger an immune response and recruit other immune-mediated killer cells to kill the tumor cells; c) targeting and killing adjacent tumor cells that are not bound to the antibody; d) inducing T-cell proliferation and thereby further enhancing the T-cell mediated tumor cell attack. Compared to other T-cell products, ACTR-based products do not target a specific TAA and can potentially be used in a variety of tumors because targeting is based on the specificity of the co-administered antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTR707","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACTR707 Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACTR707 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous ACTR-CD16-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes ACTR707","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous ACTR-CD16-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes ACTR707","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537915"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791109"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791109"}]}}{"C155883":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells KITE-585","code":"C155883","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from a human monoclonal antibody specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) fused, via an as of yet unknown linker, to the co-stimulatory domain of CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-BCMA CAR transduced T-cells KITE-585 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells, is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells and plays a key role in plasma cell proliferation and survival. The CD28 co-stimulatory domain optimizes T-cell expansion and function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells KITE-585","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells KITE-585","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically Modified Anti-BCMA CAR-T Cells KITE-585","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells KITE-585","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous T-cells KITE-585","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE 585","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE-585","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE585","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562701"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794792"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794792"}]}}{"C142864":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR Expressing Stem Memory T-cells P-BCMA-101","code":"C142864","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation consisting of autologous T-cells that are enriched to be primarily stem memory T-cells (Tscm) and are transfected by electroporation with a proprietary transposon-based DNA plasmid vector (PiggyBac) containing an undisclosed selection gene and encoding both an unidentified human-derived safety switch and a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) based on a proprietary non-immunoglobulin scaffold molecule Centyrin (CARTyrin), which specifically recognizes human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing Tscm P-BCMA-101 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. Use of CARTyrin may elicit less immunotoxicity than agents based on antibody-derived single chain variable fragments (scFv), and this agent may exhibit increased persistence and decreased exhaustion for the administered T-cells. If significant side effects occur, the safety switch mechanism can induce the rapid attenuation or elimination of P-BCMA-101. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) that binds to both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL; TNFSF13) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF; TNFSF13B), plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA Centyrin-based Chimeric Antigen Receptor-expressing Tscm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR Expressing Stem Memory T-cells P-BCMA-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR Expressing Stem Memory T-cells P-BCMA-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous P-BCMA-101 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous P-BCMA-101 CAR-T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous P-BCMA-101 CARTyrin-T cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-BCMA-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540755"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791806"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791806"}]}}{"C147523":{"preferredName":"Orvacabtagene Autoleucel","code":"C147523","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous CD4- and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that have been ex vivo transduced with a genetically-engineered lentiviral vector (LV) expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the CD3-zeta (CD3z) T-cell signaling domain, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, orvacabtagene autoleucel specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR-T Cells JCARH 125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes JCARH125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous BCMA 41BBz CAR-T Cell JCARH-125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous BCMA-specific CAR-T Cells JCARH125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous BCMA-specific CAR4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T Lymphocytes JCARH 125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCARH 125","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCARH-125","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCARH125","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORVACABTAGENE AUTOLEUCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Orvacabtagene Autoleucel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Orvacabtagene Autoleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545333"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K8RW1TW3EM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792482"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792482"}]}}{"C140310":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing Memory T-lymphocytes bb21217","code":"C140310","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous memory T-lymphocytes transduced, ex vivo, with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing an anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and a CD3-zeta T-cell activation domain, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, the autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing memory T-lymphocytes bb21217 are directed to, and induce selective toxicity in, BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma survival. BCMA is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing Memory T-Cells bb21217","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing Memory T-lymphocytes bb21217","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing Memory T-lymphocytes bb21217","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB 21217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bb-21217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bb21217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538477"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791258"}]}}{"C165507":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CT053","code":"C165507","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a humanized single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) that is fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the T-cell receptor signaling domain of CD3zeta (CD3z), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CT053 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity against BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in the survival of B-lymphocytes and plasma cells. BCMA is found on the surfaces of B-cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA-CAR-41BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CT053","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CT053","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CT053","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA Car-T (CT053)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAR-BCMA T-cells CT053","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT 053","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-053","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT053","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT053 CAR-BCMA T","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT053 CAR-BCMA T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978697"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799961"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799961"}]}}{"C142807":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes FCARH143","code":"C142807","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of ex vivo expanded autologous CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes FCARH143 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR CD4+/CD8+ Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes FCARH143","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes FCARH143","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing CD8+ and CD4+ T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA CAR-CD4+/CD8+ T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA-specific CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCARH143","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540710"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794992"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794992"}]}}{"C155888":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells IM19","code":"C155888","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and containing, as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR T-cells IM19 target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells IM19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cells IM19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19-specific CAR-T Cells IM19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IM19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562698"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794869"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794869"}]}}{"C156271":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR TCR-zeta/4-1BB-transduced T-lymphocytes huCART19","code":"C156271","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a humanized single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19 coupled to the cytoplasmic portion of the zeta chain of the human T-cell receptor (CD3zeta) and the co-stimulatory molecule 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon re-introduction into the patient, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR TCR-zeta/4-1BB-transduced T-lymphocytes huCART19 target and bind to CD19-expressing neoplastic B-cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. CD19 (cluster of differentiation 19) is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage tumors. Incorporation of the co-stimulatory signaling domains increases human T-cell function, expansion, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cells huCART19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Humanized scFv TCRz-41BB-CAR Lentiviral Vector-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR TCR-zeta/4-1BB-transduced T-lymphocytes huCART19","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR TCR-zeta/4-1BB-transduced T-lymphocytes huCART19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-cells huCART19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTL119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTL119 Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huCART19 Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huCART19 T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562996"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795543"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795543"}]}}{"C162856":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD28 T-cells ET019002","code":"C162856","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19, coupled to the costimulatory domain of CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR-CD28 T-cells ET019002 target, bind to, and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing B-cells. The CD19 antigen is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Autologous CAR T-cells ET019002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD28 T-cells ET019002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET019002-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973342"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798902"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798902"}]}}{"C153118":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-cells PZ01","code":"C153118","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19, coupled to the costimulatory domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the human T-cell receptor (CD3zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-cells PZ01 target, bind to, and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing B cells. The CD19 antigen is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-cells PZ01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19-specific CAR-T cells PZ01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous PZ01 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PZ01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554376"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793588"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793588"}]}}{"C158604":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes CLIC-1901","code":"C158604","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that targets the human tumor associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes CLIC-1901 bind to and induce selective toxicity against CD19-expressing tumor cells. The CD19 antigen is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes CLIC-1901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CLIC-1901 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLIC 1901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLIC-1901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLIC1901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938077"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797095"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797095"}]}}{"C142887":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells SJCAR19","code":"C142887","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and containing, as of yet undisclosed, costimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR T-cells SJCAR19 target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cells SJCAR19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CART Cells SJCAR19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells SJCAR19","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells SJCAR19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19-specific CAR-T Cells SJCAR19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SJCAR19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541378"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791828"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791828"}]}}{"C148030":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 T-cell Receptor T cells ET190L1","code":"C148030","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentivirus encoding a proprietary expression construct composed of a T-cell receptor (TCR)-like human antibody, which is synthesized by a proprietary phage display platform, targeting peptides derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 that are presented in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following leukapheresis, isolation of lymphocytes, expansion ex vivo, transduction, and re-introduction into the patient, the autologous anti-CD19 TCR T-cells ET190L1 target and bind to tumor cells expressing CD19 peptide/MHC complexes. This results in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of CD19-positive tumor cells. CD19, cluster of differentiation antigen 19, is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. ET190L1 is able to match the anticancer activity of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells; however, ET190L1 is less likely to stimulate cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and does not cause CAR T-cell-triggered neurotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 T-cell Receptor T cells ET190L1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 T-cell Receptor T cells ET190L1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET 190","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET190","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET190L1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET190L1-ARTEMIS (TM)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET190L1-ARTEMIS (TM) T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545822"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794393"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794393"}]}}{"C162620":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR T-cells AUTO3","code":"C162620","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a bicistronic retroviral vector encoding both an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) fused to OX40 co-stimulatory domain and an anti-CD22 CAR linked to the intracellular signaling domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (TCRzeta; CD247; CD3zeta), optimized with a novel pentameric spacer derived from the collagen oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19/CD22 CAR T-cells AUTO3 bind to and induce selectivity in tumor cells expressing CD19 and CD22. CD19 and CD22, both transmembrane phosphoglycoproteins expressed on the surface of cells in the B lineage, are often overexpressed on malignant B-cells. By simultaneously targeting two B-cell antigens, this preparation may minimize relapse due to single antigen loss in patients with B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AUTO 3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AUTO-3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AUTO3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR Autologous T-lymphocytes AUTO3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR T-cells AUTO3","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR T-cells AUTO3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971066"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798924"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798924"}]}}{"C126639":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing CD4+/CD8+ Central Memory T-lymphocytes JCAR014","code":"C126639","definitions":[{"description":"A defined preparation of CD4+ and CD8+ central memory (CM) autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the signaling domains of CD28, 4-1BB (CD137), the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, autologous anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing CD4+/CD8+CM T-lymphocytes JCAR014 are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. Devoid of both ligand binding domains and tyrosine kinase activity, the expressed EGFRt both facilitates in vivo detection of the administered, transduced T-cells and can promote elimination of those cells through a cetuximab-induced antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response. The 4-1BB costimulatory signaling domain enhances both proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing CD4+/CD8+ CM T-lymphocytes JCAR014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing CD4+/CD8+ Central Memory T-lymphocytes JCAR014","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing CD4+/CD8+ Central Memory T-lymphocytes JCAR014","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCAR014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL505072"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780444"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780444"}]}}{"C156251":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD22 CAR-4-1BB-TCRz-transduced T-lymphocytes CART22-65s","code":"C156251","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a recombinant lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD22 human single chain variable fragment (scFv) and linked to the co-stimulatory domain 4-1BB (CD137) coupled to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-CD22 CAR-4-1BB-TCRz -transduced T-lymphocytes CART22-65s express anti-CD22-CAR on their cell surfaces and bind to the CD22 antigen on tumor cell surfaces, resulting in lysis of CD22-expressing tumor cells. CD22, a B-lineage-restricted, transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein, is expressed on malignant B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD22 CAR T-Cells CART22-65s","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD22 CAR-4-1BB-TCRz-transduced T-lymphocytes CART22-65s","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD22 CAR-4-1BB-TCRz-transduced T-lymphocytes CART22-65s","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD22 scFv CAR 4-1BB-TCRz-expressing T-lymphocytes CART22-65s","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CART22-65s Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CART22-65s T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CART22-65s-expressing T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CART22-65s","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562955"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795556"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795556"}]}}{"C162260":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-HLA-A*02/AFP TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140202","code":"C162260","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a T-cell receptor mimetic (TCRm) antibody synthesized by a proprietary phage display platform, targeting the immunogenetic human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) complexed with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02 (HLA-A*02/AFP), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-HLA-A*02/AFP TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140202 specifically recognize and selectively bind to AFP peptides presented by HLA-A*02. This results in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of AFP-expressing tumor cells. AFP, an intracellularly expressed fetal glycoprotein rarely expressed in adult tissues, is overexpressed in certain tumors of endodermal origin and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. AFP is processed into peptides and presented by class I major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) on the surface of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-HLA-A*02/AFP TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140202","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-HLA-A*02/AFP TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET 140202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET-140202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET140202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET140202 Autologous T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970721"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798638"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798638"}]}}{"C155884":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-HLA-A*0201/AFP CAR T-cells ET1402L1","code":"C155884","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from a human monoclonal antibody specific for an immunogenic human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) epitope, AFP158-166, complexed with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01 (HLA-A*0201/AFP), fused to the co-stimulatory domains of CD28 and CD3zeta, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-HLA-A*0201/AFP CAR T-cells ET1402L1 specifically recognize and selectively bind to the AFP158-166 peptide presented by HLA-A*0201. Upon binding to the AFP-MHC complex, the T-cells release cytokines and induce selective toxicity in HLA-A*0201/AFP-positive tumor cells. AFP, an intracellularly expressed fetal glycoprotein rarely expressed in adult tissues, is overexpressed in certain tumors of endodermal origin and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. AFP is processed into peptides and presented by class I major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) on the surface of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous AFP-CAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous AFP-CAR-transduced T-cells ET1402L1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-HLA-A*0201/AFP CAR T-cells ET1402L1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous ET1402L1-CAR T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous ET1402L1-CAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous T-cells Transduced with ET1402L1-CAR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET1402L1-CAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562702"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794793"}]}}{"C121379":{"preferredName":"Letetresgene Autoleucel","code":"C121379","definitions":[{"description":"Human autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) NY-ESO-1 and L antigen family member 1 (LAGE-1; Cancer/Testis Antigen 2; CTAG2; CT2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Following leukapheresis, isolation of lymphocytes, expansion ex vivo, transduction, and reintroduction into the patient, letetresgene autoleucel specifically target and bind to NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1-positive cancer cells. NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1, members of the cancer-testis antigen (CTA) family, are overexpressed on the surface of various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 TCR-transduced c259 T Lymphocytes GSK3377794","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous T-Cells Expressing Enhanced TCRs Specific for NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1a GSK3377794","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genetically Engineered NY-ESO-1 Specific [c259] T Cells GSK3377794","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genetically Engineered NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 Specific (c259) T Cells GSK3377794","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LETETRESGENE AUTOLEUCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Letetresgene Autoleucel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Letetresgene Autoleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Letetresgene Autoleucel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"NY-ESO-1c259 T Cells GSK3377794","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055426"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B5ME4ZU4BS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786186"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786186"}]}}{"C154276":{"preferredName":"Autologous AXL-targeted CAR T-cells CCT301-38","code":"C154276","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) AXL, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, and expansion in culture, the CCT301-38 cells are reintroduced into the patient and are activated within the tumor microenvironment (TME) using proprietary Conditionally Active Biologic (CAB) technology. Upon activation, CAB antibodies bind to a proprietary T-cell signaling domain, promoting T-cell recognition and killing of AXL-expressing tumor cells. AXL is a RTK and oncogene that is overexpressed in many cancer types and is involved in the stimulation of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous AXL-targeted CAR T-cells CCT301-38","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-AXL CAR T Cells CCT30138","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR T-cells Targeting AXL CCT301-38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCT301 38","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCT301-38","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCT30138 CAR T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555277"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794160"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794160"}]}}{"C156153":{"preferredName":"Autologous B-cell/Monocyte-presenting HER2/neu Antigen Vaccine BVAC-B","code":"C156153","definitions":[{"description":"An autologous vaccine composed of the antigen presenting cells (APCs) B-lymphocytes and monocytes presenting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2/neu; HER-2; EGFR2; ErbB2). Upon administration of the autologous B-cell- and monocyte-presenting HER2/neu antigen vaccine BVAC-B, the APCs may stimulate the immune system to mount a HER2/neu-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response as well as a natural killer (NK) cell, and antibody-mediated immune response against HER-2/neu-positive tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death and decreased tumor growth. HER-2, a tyrosine kinase receptor for epidermal growth factor (EGF), is overexpressed by a variety of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous B-cell/Monocyte-presenting HER2/neu Antigen Vaccine BVAC-B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVAC B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVAC-B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVACB","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2/neu-specific Autologous B-cell/Monocyte Vaccine BVAC-B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562872"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795331"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795331"}]}}{"C162506":{"preferredName":"Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells LCAR-B4822M","code":"C162506","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTLs) that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T-cells LCAR-B4822M specifically recognize and kill BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily and plays a key role in plasma cell survival; it is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells LCAR-B4822M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous LCAR-B4822M CAR T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA-specific CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes LCAR-B4822M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCAR B4822M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCAR-B4822M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCAR-B4822M CAR-T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCAR-B4822M-02 Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCARB4822M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970932"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798658"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798658"}]}}{"C148498":{"preferredName":"Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel","code":"C148498","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are transduced, ex vivo, with LCAR-B38M, a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing two bispecific anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) variable fragments of llama heavy-chain murine antibodies fused to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The antigen-binding region of the CAR is a non-scFv structure targeting two distinct regions of BCMA. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, ciltacabtagene autoleucel are directed to cells expressing BCMA, bind to two different epitopes on BCMA and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR-T Cells JNJ-68284528","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Bi-epitope BCMA-targeted CAR T-cells JNJ-68284528","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Bi-epitope CAR T-cells JNJ-68284528","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CILTACABTAGENE AUTOLEUCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-68284528","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCAR-B38M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCAR-B38M-transduced CAR-T Cells JNJ-68284528","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551044"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0L1F17908Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792630"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792630"}]}}{"C103865":{"preferredName":"Autologous Bone Marrow-derived CD34/CXCR4-positive Stem Cells AMR-001","code":"C103865","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based product containing autologous bone marrow derived CD34 positive and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) positive stem cells with potential antiapoptotic and proangiogenic activities. Upon intracoronary infusion after a myocardial infarction (MI), autologous bone marrow-derived CD34/CXCR4-positive stem cells may preserve cardiac muscle cells and prevent apoptosis; thus improving myocardial perfusion. CD34/CXCR4-positive stem cells are naturally mobilized upon cell injury through signaling by hypoxia inducing factor (HIF), which is secreted in response to hypoxia. In turn, HIF induces the synthesis of stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) which mobilize CD34/CXCR4 positive stem cells; CXCR4 is the receptor for stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMR-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Bone Marrow-derived CD34/CXCR4-positive Stem Cells AMR-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Bone Marrow-derived CD34/CXCR4-positive Stem Cells AMR-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438343"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743421"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743421"}]}}{"C158533":{"preferredName":"Autologous CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3005","code":"C158533","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to co-express three transgenes using the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system and include a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting an undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA), a membrane-bound IL-15 (mbIL15) and a safety/kill switch, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction of the autologous PRGN-3005 into the patient, the T-cells target and bind to the TAA-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in the TAA-expressing tumor cells. IL-15 is a pro-survival cytokine that is required for the maintenance of long-lived CD8+ memory T-cells and use of mbIL15 preserves T stem-cell memory (TSCM) through sustained IL-15 signaling, improves T-cell persistence and potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. The safety switch can promote selective elimination of the CAR-T cells. The SB system permits integration of the CAR, the IL-15 fusion variant and safety switch transgenes into T-cells without the need for viral vectors and accelerates the manufacturing process.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous CAR-T Cells PRGN 3005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3005","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3005","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous PRGN-3005 UltraCAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRGN 3005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRGN-3005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRGN-3005 UltraCAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRGN3005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937966"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798316"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798316"}]}}{"C160847":{"preferredName":"Autologous CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3006","code":"C160847","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to co-express three transgenes using the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system, including a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting an undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA), a membrane-bound IL-15 (mbIL15) and a safety/kill switch, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction of the autologous PRGN-3006 T-cells into the patient, these T-cells target, bind to and induce selective toxicity in cells expressing this particular TAA. IL-15 is a pro-survival cytokine that is required for the maintenance of long-lived CD8+ memory T-cells. Use of mbIL15 preserves T stem-cell memory (TSCM) through sustained IL-15 signaling, improves T-cell persistence and potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. The safety switch can promote selective elimination of the CAR-T cells. The SB system permits integration of the CAR, the IL-15 fusion variant and safety switch transgenes into T-cells without the need for viral vectors and accelerates the manufacturing process.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous CAR-T Cells PRGN 3006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3006","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRGN 3006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRGN-3006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRGN3006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969928"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798420"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798420"}]}}{"C148526":{"preferredName":"Autologous CD123-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR123","code":"C148526","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA) single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous CD123-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR123 are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD123-expressing tumor cells. iCasp9 consists of a human FK506 drug-binding domain with an F36V mutation (FKBP12-F36V) linked to human caspase 9. If the administered T-cells lead to unacceptable side effects, the chemical homodimerizer AP1903 can be administered. AP1903 binds to the drug binding FKBP12-F36V domain and induces activation of caspase 9, which results in the apoptosis of the administered T-cells and enhances safety of this agent. CD123 is normally expressed on committed blood progenitor cells in the bone marrow; its overexpression is associated with increased leukemic cell proliferation and aggressiveness. CD28, CD137 and CD27, T-cell surface-associated co-stimulatory molecules, are required for full T-cell activation and enhance both proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4S-CD123-CAR-T Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR123 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123 CAR-T Cells 4SCAR123","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD123-CD28-CD137-CD27-CD3z-iCasp9 CAR T-cells 4SCAR123","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD123-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR123","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123-4SCAR-expressing T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123-scFv/CD28/CD137/CD27/CD3z-iCasp9 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123-specific 4th Generation Chimeric Antigen Receptor-modified T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551139"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792687"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792687"}]}}{"C155878":{"preferredName":"Autologous CD19-targeted CAR T Cells JWCAR029","code":"C155878","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and containing, as of yet undisclosed, costimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous CD19-targeted CAR T-cells JWCAR029 target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells JWCAR029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19-targeted CAR T Cells JWCAR029","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JWCAR 029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JWCAR-029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JWCAR029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562704"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794777"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794777"}]}}{"C148525":{"preferredName":"Autologous CD20-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR20","code":"C148525","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-CD20 single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, autologous CD20-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR20 are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD20-expressing tumor cells. iCasp9 consists of a human FK506 drug-binding domain with an F36V mutation (FKBP12-F36V) linked to human caspase 9. If the administered T-cells lead to unacceptable side effects, the chemical homodimerizer AP1903 can be administered. AP1903 binds to the drug binding FKBP12-F36V domain and induces activation of caspase 9, which results in the apoptosis of the administered T-cells and enhances safety of this agent. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. CD28, CD137 and CD27, T-cell surface-associated co-stimulatory molecules, are required for full T-cell activation and enhance both proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4S-CD20-CAR-T Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR20","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR20 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20 CAR-T Cells 4SCAR20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20-CD28-CD137-CD27-CD3z-iCasp9 CAR T-cells 4SCAR20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD20-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20-4SCAR-expressing T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20-scFv/CD28/CD137/CD27/CD3z-iCasp9 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20-specific 4th Generation Chimeric Antigen Receptor-modified T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551140"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792686"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792686"}]}}{"C148524":{"preferredName":"Autologous CD22-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR22","code":"C148524","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-CD22 single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, autologous CD22-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR22 are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD22-expressing tumor cells. iCasp9 consists of a human FK506 drug-binding domain with an F36V mutation (FKBP12-F36V) linked to human caspase 9. If the administered T-cells lead to unacceptable side effects, the chemical homodimerizer AP1903 can be administered. AP1903 binds to the drug binding FKBP12-F36V domain and induces activation of caspase 9, which results in the apoptosis of the administered T-cells and enhances safety of this agent. CD22, a B-lineage-restricted, transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein, is expressed on malignant B cells. CD28, CD137 and CD27, T-cell surface-associated co-stimulatory molecules, are required for full T-cell activation and enhance both proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4S-CD22-CAR-T Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR22","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR22 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD22 CAR-T Cells 4SCAR22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD22-CD28-CD137-CD27-CD3z-iCasp9 CAR T-cells 4SCAR22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD22-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR22","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD22-4SCAR-expressing T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD22-scFv/CD28/CD137/CD27/CD3z-iCasp9 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD22-specific 4th Generation Chimeric Antigen Receptor-modified T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551144"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792685"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792685"}]}}{"C148523":{"preferredName":"Autologous CD38-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR38","code":"C148523","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-CD38 single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, autologous CD38-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR38 are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD38-expressing tumor cells. iCasp9 consists of a human FK506 drug-binding domain with an F36V mutation (FKBP12-F36V) linked to human caspase 9. If the administered T-cells lead to unacceptable side effects, the chemical homodimerizer AP1903 can be administered. AP1903 binds to the drug binding FKBP12-F36V domain and induces activation of caspase 9, which results in the apoptosis of the administered T-cells and enhances safety of this agent. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies, and its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis. CD28, CD137 and CD27, T-cell surface-associated co-stimulatory molecules, are required for full T-cell activation and enhance both proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4S-CD38-CAR-T Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR38","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR38 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38 CAR-T Cells 4SCAR38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38-CD28-CD137-CD27-CD3z-iCasp9 CAR T-cells 4SCAR38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD38-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR38","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD38-4SCAR-expressing T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD38-scFv/CD28/CD137/CD27/CD3z-iCasp9 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD38-specific 4th Generation Chimeric Antigen Receptor-modified T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551145"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792684"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792684"}]}}{"C158091":{"preferredName":"Autologous Deep IL-15 Primed T-cells TRQ15-01","code":"C158091","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified, multi-antigen-directed autologous T-lymphocytes, that have particles, consisting of multiple chemically crosslinked human cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15)/IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra)/Fc heterodimers, attached to their surface, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. TRQ15-01 is made from monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) that are pulsed with peptides from multiple tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) to expand cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) that are subsequently loaded with IL-15 particles. Upon administration of the autologous deep IL-15 primed T-cells, the IL-15/IL-15Ra fusion proteins are slowly released in vivo from the T-cells in a controlled manner and induce autocrine cytokine stimulation of the administered T-cells, thereby increasing T-cell division of the administered T-cells. The expanded T-cells target, bind to and kill tumor cells. This increases tumor cell growth inhibition by T-cells. IL-15 is a pro-survival, inflammatory cytokine and causes sustained T-cell expansion and enhanced anti-tumor activity. Compared to systemically delivered IL-15, IL-15 attached to the T-cells greatly increases target CD8 T-cell concentrations in the tumor, without significant systemic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Deep IL-15 Primed T-cells TRQ15-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Deep IL-15 Primed T-cells TRQ15-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-15 Loaded Autologous T-lymphocytes TRQ15-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRQ15-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937688"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797353"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797353"}]}}{"C121856":{"preferredName":"Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine ACT2001","code":"C121856","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous, immature dendritic cells (DCs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, immature DCs are isolated and re-administered intra-tumorally. The immature DCs internalize and process the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), migrate to the lymphatic system, and then expose the immune system to the TAAs. This induces a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the cancer cells leading to tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACT2001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous DC Vaccine ACT2001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine ACT2001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053686"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771721"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771721"}]}}{"C123928":{"preferredName":"Audencel","code":"C123928","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic interleukin-12 (IL-12)-expressing dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccine composed of autologous monocyte-derived DCs loaded with autologous tumor cell lysate and exposed to the microbial cell wall component lipopolysaccharide (LPS), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The monocyte-derived immature DCs are loaded with autologous tumor cell lysates and are subsequently exposed to LPS and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Upon administration of audencel, the mature DCs migrate into the lymph nodes, express the immune stimulatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) and activate the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer (NK) cells and induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which may result in immune-mediated tumor cell death and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Exposure to LPS and IFN-gamma allows the maturation of DCs and optimizes the presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by DCs to T-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AUDENCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AV0113","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AV0113 DC-CIT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AV0113 Dendritic Cell Cancer Immunotherapeutic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Audencel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous DC-based Immunotherapeutic AV0113","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498291"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H2CDQ1PWN7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775935"}]}}{"C150698":{"preferredName":"Autologous FRa-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR-FRa","code":"C150698","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-folate receptor alpha (FRa; folate receptor 1; FOLR1) single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (CD3zeta; CD3z), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous FRa-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR-FRa are directed to and induce selective toxicity in FRa-expressing tumor cells. iCasp9 consists of a human FK506 drug-binding domain with an F36V mutation (FKBP12-F36V) linked to human caspase 9. If the administered T-cells lead to unacceptable side effects, the chemical homodimerizer AP1903 can be administered. AP1903 binds to the drug binding FKBP12-F36V domain and induces activation of caspase 9, which results in the apoptosis of the administered T-cells and enhances safety of this agent. FRa is overexpressed in various tumor cell types, and is associated with increased leukemic cell proliferation and aggressiveness. CD28, CD137 and CD27, T-cell surface-associated co-stimulatory molecules, are required for full T-cell activation and enhance both proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4SCAR-FRa","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous 4S-FRa-CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-FRa-CD28-CD137-CD27-CD3z-iCasp9 CAR T-cells 4SCAR-FRa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous FRa-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR-FRa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells 4SCAR-FRa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FRa-specific 4th Generation CART Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552500"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793118"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793118"}]}}{"C162804":{"preferredName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 CD8alpha T Cells","code":"C162804","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human melanoma antigen A4 (MAGE-A4) and the CD8alpha co-receptor, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 CD8alpha T-cells bind to tumor cells expressing MAGE-A4. This may result in both inhibition of growth and increased cell death of MAGE-A4-expressing tumor cells. The tumor-associated antigen MAGE-A4, a member of the MAGE-A family of cancer testis antigens, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types. Co-expression of CD8alpha may broaden the immune response against tumors and increase antitumor activity by converting CD4+ helper T-cells into CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADP-A2M4CD8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 CD8alpha T Cells","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 CD8alpha T Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 CD8alpha T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified Melanoma Antigen A4 CD8alpha T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous MAGE-A4 C1032 TCR-modified CD8alpha T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-transduced MAGE-A4 C1032 CD8alpha T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A4 SPEAR CD8alpha T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A4-specific TCR gene-transduced C1032 CD8alpha T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPEAR T-cell ADP-A2M4CD8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973182"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799099"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799099"}]}}{"C138107":{"preferredName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 T Cells","code":"C138107","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human melanoma antigen A4 (MAGE-A4), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 T-cells bind to tumor cells expressing MAGE-A4. This may result in both inhibition of growth and increased cell death of MAGE-A4-expressing tumor cells. The tumor-associated antigen MAGE-A4, a member of the MAGE-A family of cancer testis antigens, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADP-A2M4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 T Cells","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 T Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified MAGE-A4 C1032 T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Genetically-modified Melanoma Antigen A4 T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous MAGE-A4 C1032 TCR-modified T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-transduced MAGE-A4 C1032 T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A4 SPEAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A4-specific TCR gene-transduced C1032 T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPEAR T-cell ADP-A2M4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525044"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790617"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790617"}]}}{"C37448":{"preferredName":"Autologous Heat-Shock Protein 70 Peptide Vaccine AG-858","code":"C37448","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant cancer vaccine made with tumor-derived heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) peptide complexes. HSP70 associates with antigenic peptides, transporting them into antigen presenting cells (APC) for processing. Tumor-derived HSP70-peptide complexes used in vaccine preparations have been shown to prime tumor immunity and tumor-specific T cells in animal models. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG-858","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Heat-Shock Protein 70 Peptide Vaccine AG-858","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328058"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"334949"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"334949"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Autologous_Heat-Shock_Protein_70_Peptide_Vaccine"}]}}{"C159977":{"preferredName":"Autologous HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted TCR Gene Engineered Lymphocytes KITE-439","code":"C159977","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01-restricted human papillomavirus type 16 isoform E7 protein (HPV16 E7) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo and re-introduction into the patient, the autologous HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted T-lymphocytes KITE-439 target and bind HPV16 E7-expressing tumor cells. This may lead to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of tumor cells expressing the HPV16 E7 antigen. HPV16 E7, a cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in various HPV-mediated cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted TCR Gene Engineered Lymphocytes KITE-439","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted TCR Gene Engineered Lymphocytes KITE-439","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV16 E7 T-cell Receptor Engineered T-cells KITE-439","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted TCR Gene Engineered Autologous T-lymphocytes KITE-439","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE 439","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE-439","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE439","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969078"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797966"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797966"}]}}{"C162627":{"preferredName":"Autologous LMP1/LMP2/EBNA1-specific HLA-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted TCR-expressing T-lymphocytes YT-E001","code":"C162627","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane proteins (LMP) 1 and 2, and EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the autologous LMP1/LMP2/EBNA1-specific, HLA-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted TCR-expressing T-lymphocytes YT-E001 recognize and bind to HLA-presented EBV peptides, which may promote cell death and inhibit the growth of tumor cells expressing LMP1, LMP2 or EBNA1. LMP1, LMP2, and EBNA1 are expressed in various, EBV-associated malignancies, including nasopharyngeal cancer and EBV-positive Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous EBV-specific TCR T-cells YT-E001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous LMP1/LMP2/EBNA1-specific HLA-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted TCR-expressing T-lymphocytes YT-E001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YT E001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YT-E001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YTE001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971019"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798763"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798763"}]}}{"C135534":{"preferredName":"Autologous MAGE-A3/A6-specific TCR Gene-engineered Lymphocytes KITE-718","code":"C135534","definitions":[{"description":"Human autologous T-lymphocytes genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) that specifically targets human melanoma-associated antigen A3 (MAGE-A3) and MAGE-A6 (MAGEA3/A6; MAGE-A3/A6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are isolated from a patient, transduced with a gene expressing a TCR specific for the MAGE-A3/A6 antigens, expanded ex vivo, and reintroduced into the patient. Then, the autologous MAGE-A3/A6-specific TCR gene engineered lymphocytes KITE-718 target and bind to tumor cells expressing the MAGE-A3 and/or MAGE-A6 antigens. This halts the growth of and kills MAGE-A3/A6-expressing cancer cells. The tumor-associated antigens MAGE-A3 and MAGE-A6 are overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-MAGE-A3/A6 TCR-transduced T Cells KITE-718","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous MAGE-A3/A6-specific TCR Gene-engineered Lymphocytes KITE-718","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous MAGE-A3/A6-specific TCR Gene-engineered Lymphocytes KITE-718","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE 718","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KITE-718","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3/A6 T Cell Receptor Engineered T-Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3/A6 T-Cell Receptor Engineered T-Cells KITE-718","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3/A6 TCR Engineered T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGEA3/A6-targeted TCR-transduced T-Cells KITE-718","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCR-transduced Autologous T-Cells KITE-718","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522896"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788966"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788966"}]}}{"C156382":{"preferredName":"Autologous MCPyV-specific HLA-A02-restricted TCR-transduced CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells FH-MCVA2TCR","code":"C156382","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous CD4+ and CD62L-expressing CD8+ T-cells transduced with a third generation lentiviral vector (LV) to express the high affinity T-cell receptor (TCR) A2 -MCC1, specific for the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A02-restricted Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV; MCV) viral oncoprotein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous MCPyV-specific HLA-A02-restricted TCR-transduced CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells FH-MCVA2TCR selectively bind to the KLLEIAPNC epitope (KLL epitope) within the MCPyV viral oncoprotein. This results in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of tumor cells expressing the MCPyV viral oncoprotein. Additionally, tumor-specific HLA-A02-restricted CD4+ cells promote class I-restricted CD8+ proliferation, survival and effector functions by producing interleukin (IL)-2 and facilitating the activation of dendritic cells (DCs). MCPyV viral oncoprotein is highly expressed in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) caused by MCPyV.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells transduced with TCR A2-MCC1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous MCPyV-specific HLA-A02-restricted TCR-transduced CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells FH-MCVA2TCR","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous MCPyV-specific HLA-A02-restricted TCR-transduced CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells FH-MCVA2TCR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FH-MCVA2TCR","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FH-MCVA2TCR Autologous CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells Transduced with TCR A2-MCC1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563078"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795693"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795693"}]}}{"C113803":{"preferredName":"Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Apceth_101","code":"C113803","definitions":[{"description":"Human autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) harvested from the bone marrow of a patient and genetically modified with a self-inactivating retroviral vector expressing the suicide gene herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK), that can be used to activate synthetic acyclic guanosine analogues when co-administered. Upon intravenous administration of autologous mesenchymal stem cells apceth_101, the cells are actively recruited to the tumor stroma, differentiate into more mature mesenchymal cells, and become part of the tumor microenvironment. When a synthetic acyclic guanosine analogue, such as ganciclovir, is co-administered, the HSV-TK within the HSV-TK-transduced MSCs will monophosphorylate this prodrug. Subsequently the monophosphate form is further converted to the diphosphate form and then to its active triphosphate form by cellular kinases. The active form of ganciclovir kills the HSV-TK-transduced MSCs and leads to a bystander effect, which eliminates neighboring cancer cells. Therefore, synthetic acyclic guanosine analogues are activated only at the tumor site, which increases their local efficacy and reduces systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Agenmestencel-T","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous MSC_Apceth_101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Apceth_101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471784"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757685"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757685"}]}}{"C155775":{"preferredName":"Autologous Mesothelin-specific Human mRNA CAR-transfected PBMCs MCY-M11","code":"C155775","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) transfected with anti-mesothelin chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) mRNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal (IP) administration, the autologous mesothelin-specific human mRNA CAR-transfected PBMCs MCY-M11 recognize, bind to, phagocytose and directly kill cancer cells expressing mesothelin. In addition, MCY-M11 stimulates the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against the mesothelin-expressing cancer cells. Mesothelin, a cell surface glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion, is overexpressed in many epithelial-derived cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin mRNA-transfected Autologous PBMCs MCY-M11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Mesothelin-specific Human mRNA CAR-transfected PBMCs MCY-M11","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Mesothelin-specific Human mRNA CAR-transfected PBMCs MCY-M11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCY-M11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCY-M11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556250"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ER09HM7LIR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794988"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794988"}]}}{"C121536":{"preferredName":"Autologous NKG2D CAR-CD3zeta-DAP10-expressing T-Lymphocytes CYAD-01","code":"C121536","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTLs) that have been genetically modified and transduced with a retroviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) encoding full-length human natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D or KLRK1) fused to the CD3zeta cytoplasmic signaling domain and containing the naturally-expressed adaptor molecule DNAX-activating protein of 10 kDa (DAP10), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion back into the patient, autologous NKG2D CAR-CD3zeta-DAP10-expressing T-lymphocytes CYAD-01 specifically recognize and bind to tumor cells expressing NKG2D ligands. This induces secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and results in the lysis of NKG2D ligand-expressing tumor cells. In addition, CYAD-01 targets, binds to and kills NKG2D ligand expressing tumor-associated endothelial cells in the neovasculature and immunosuppressive cells, such as regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that express NKG2D ligands. It also activates macrophages within the TME. Ligands for NKG2D, such as MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA), MICB, and members of the UL16-binding proteins (ULBP)/retinoic acid early transcript 1 (RAET1) family, are overexpressed on infected cells and most cancer cell types, but are not expressed on most normal, healthy cells. NKG2D, a dimeric, type II transmembrane protein expressed on human natural killer (NK) and certain T-cells, in association with the natural adaptive protein DAP10, promotes the elimination of NKG2D ligand-expressing cells. The CD3zeta signaling domain and DAP10 provide co-stimulatory signaling upon ligand binding, enhance the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to binding to NKG2D ligand-expressing tumor cells and enhances T-cell cytotoxicity. DAP10 also associates with and stabilizes NKG2D, which facilitates expression of the NKG2D-CAR-CD3zeta construct at the cell surface.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous CAR NKG2D","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR-T NKG2D","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR-T NKR-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CM-CS1 T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous NKG2D CAR-CD3zeta-DAP10-expressing T-Lymphocytes CYAD-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous NKG2D CAR-CD3zeta-DAP10-expressing T-Lymphocytes CYAD-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous NKG2D CAR-CD3zeta-DAP10-expressing T-cells CYAD-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous NKR 2 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous NKR-2 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM CS-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM-CS-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM-CS1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYAD-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYAD-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKR 2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKR-2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055424"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788734"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788734"}]}}{"C82361":{"preferredName":"Autologous Prostate Cancer Antigen-expressing Dendritic Cell Vaccine BPX-101","code":"C82361","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically-modified autologous dendritic cell-based vaccine expressing a drug-inducible costimulatory CD40 receptor (iCD40) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous dendritic cells (DCs) are genetically modified to express the iCD40 receptor and are pulsed with the tumor antigen prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Upon intradermal administration, these DCs accumulate in local draining lymph nodes. Twenty-four hours after vaccination, the dimerizer agent AP1903 is administered; AP1903 binds to and activates iCD40 receptors presented on DC surfaces, thus activating the DCs and stimulating a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against host tumor cells that express PSMA. This delayed activation strategy optimizes DC accumulation in local draining lymph nodes prior to DC activation. iCD40 contains a membrane-localized cytoplasmic CD40 domain fused to a drug-binding domain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Prostate Cancer Antigen-expressing Dendritic Cell Vaccine BPX-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP-GMAX-CD1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPX-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408640"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640422"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640422"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"iCD40_Receptor_Pulsed_Autologous_Dendritic_Cell_Vaccine_BP-GMAX-CD1"}]}}{"C128031":{"preferredName":"Autologous Prostate Stem Cell Antigen-specific CAR T Cells BPX-601","code":"C128031","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-human prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) scFv (single chain variable fragment) coupled to the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCRzeta) and a drug-induced co-stimulatory molecule, composed of an inducible, chimeric MyD88/CD40 (inducible MC; iMC) co-stimulatory domain, in which both the MyD88 and CD40 lack their extracellular domains, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of BPX-601, the T-cells target and bind to PSCA-expressing cancer cells. Upon subsequent administration of the chemical inducer of dimerization (CID) agent rimiducid, this agent targets and binds to the drug binding domain, which leads to iMC expression, activation of both CD40- and MyD88-mediated signal transduction pathways, and an induction of selective cytotoxicity in, and eradication of PSCA-expressing cancer cells. iMC activation by rimiducid increases T-cell survival and anti-tumor activity of the administered T-cells, compared to T-cells without the drug iMC activation-switch. As these T-cells are engineered to only be fully activated by binding to both antigen and rimiducid, T-cell proliferation, activity and toxicity can be controlled by adjusting the dose of rimiducid, thereby preventing uncontrolled T-cell activation which increases the safety of the administered T-cells. PSCA is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface antigen overexpressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous PSCA-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor Engineered T Cells BPX-601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous PSCA-specific CAR T Cells BPX-601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Prostate Stem Cell Antigen-specific CAR T Cells BPX-601","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPX-601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GoCART BPX-601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iMC/PSCA-zeta CAR BPX-601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507925"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781278"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781278"}]}}{"C154277":{"preferredName":"Autologous ROR2-targeted CAR T-cells CCT301-59","code":"C154277","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, and expansion in culture, CCT301-59 cells are reintroduced into the patient and are activated within the tumor microenvironment (TME) using proprietary Conditionally Active Biologic (CAB) technology. Upon activation, CAB antibodies bind to a proprietary T-cell signaling domain, promoting T-cell recognition and killing of ROR2-expressing tumor cells. ROR2 is involved in Wnt signal transduction and is involved in tumorigenesis and progression. ROR2 expression is upregulated in certain tumor types and high levels of ROR2 expression often correlates with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-ROR2 CAR T Cells CCT301-59","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR T-cells Targeting ROR2 CCT301-59","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CCT301-59 CAR T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous ROR2-targeted CAR T-cells CCT301-59","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCT301 59","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCT301-59","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555278"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794161"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794161"}]}}{"C154285":{"preferredName":"Autologous TAAs-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cells AV-GBM-1","code":"C154285","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with immunogenic tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) derived from cultured autologous glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumor cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous TAA-loaded DCs AV-GBM-1 expose the immune system to the GBM neoantigens, which results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the autologous GBM cells leading to GBM cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AV GBM 1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AV-GBM-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Dendritic Cells Loaded With Autologous Tumor Associated Antigens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TAAs-loaded Autologous DCs AV-GBM-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TAAs-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cells AV-GBM-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cells AV-GBM-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555286"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794138"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794138"}]}}{"C146779":{"preferredName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA201","code":"C146779","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for an as of yet not identified tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, the autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA201 specifically recognize and bind to the TAA on cancer cells, which induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the TAA-positive cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTengine IMA201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous T-cell Receptor-engineered T-cells IMA201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA 201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA201 Autologous T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA201 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544786"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792163"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792163"}]}}{"C153218":{"preferredName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA202","code":"C153218","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) targeting patient-specific tumor associated antigens (TAAs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, the autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA202 specifically recognize and bind to the TAA on cancer cells, which induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the TAA-positive cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTengine IMA202","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA202","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA 202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA-202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA202 T-cell Product","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA202 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554340"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794052"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794052"}]}}{"C161831":{"preferredName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA203","code":"C161831","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified with a viral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) targeting an as of yet undisclosed patient-specific tumor associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, the autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA203 specifically recognize and bind to the TAA on cancer cells, which induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the TAA-positive cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTengine IMA203","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous T-cell Receptor-engineered T-cells IMA203","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA203","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA203","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA 203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA-203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA203 Autologous T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA203 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970385"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798429"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798429"}]}}{"C120552":{"preferredName":"Lifileucel","code":"C120552","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), with potential antineoplastic activity. TILs are isolated from a patient's tumor tissue, cultured in vitro with high-dose interleukin-2 (lL-2), further selected based on antigen specificity and tumor reactivity, and the selected TILs are subsequently expanded. Upon re-introduction of lifileucel into the patient, the TILs re-infiltrate the tumor, specifically recognize the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), and initiate tumor cell lysis. IL-2 induces the proliferation and expansion of TILs in vitro.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous TIL LN-144","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-144","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Contego","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIFILEUCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LN-144","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lifileucel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lifileucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053624"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R0835E18NH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769186"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769186"}]}}{"C135634":{"preferredName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145","code":"C135634","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), with potential immunomodulating activity. The autologous TILs are isolated from an autologous tumor sample and expanded ex vivo in the presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2). Upon infusion of the autologous TILs LN-145 back into the patient, the cells specifically recognize, target and kill the patient's tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous TILs LN-145","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LN-145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LN145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522989"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789043"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789043"}]}}{"C153312":{"preferredName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes MDA-TIL","code":"C153312","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) with potential antineoplastic activity. TILs are isolated from a patient's tumor tissue, then cultured and expanded in vitro in the presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and an agonistic anti-4-1BB (CD137) antibody. Upon infusion of the autologous expanded TILs back into the patient, the cells specifically recognize, target, and kill the patient's tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes MDA-TIL","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes MDA-TIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDA Autologous TILs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDA Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDA-TILs","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554425"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794072"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794072"}]}}{"C160786":{"preferredName":"Avadomide","code":"C160786","definitions":[{"description":"A novel, small molecule cereblon-modulating agent with potential antineoplastic, antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, avadomide binds to and modulates cereblon to promote recruitment of the hematopoietic transcription factors Aiolos and Ikaros to the Cullin-4 RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. This binding results in the ubiquitination and rapid proteasomal degradation of Aiolos and Ikaros and the derepression of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes, including DDX58 and IRF7, leading to apoptosis of certain tumor cells. Additionally, Aiolos degredation leads to derepression of the IL2 gene, thereby enhancing interleukin-2 production, costimulation of T-lymphocytes and IL-2-induced T-cell proliferation. Avadomide may also promote the activation of natural killer (NK) cells, potentially enhancing tumor cell killing. Aiolos and Ikaros are transcriptional repressors known to play an important role in normal B- and T-cell function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,6-Piperidinedione, 3-(5-amino-2-methyl-4-oxo-3(4H)-quinazolinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVADOMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Avadomide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Avadomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969760"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1015474-32-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"28DZS29F59"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798417"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798417"}]}}{"C97956":{"preferredName":"Avadomide Hydrochloride","code":"C97956","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of avadomide, a novel, small molecule, cereblon-modulating agent with potential antineoplastic, antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, avadomide binds to and modulates cereblon to promote recruitment of the hematopoietic transcription factors Aiolos and Ikaros to the Cullin-4 RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. This binding results in the ubiquitination and rapid proteasomal degradation of Aiolos and Ikaros and the derepression of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes, including DDX58 and IRF7, leading to apoptosis of certain tumor cells. Additionally, Aiolos degredation leads to derepression of the IL2 gene, thereby enhancing interleukin-2 production, costimulation of T-lymphocytes and IL-2-induced T-cell proliferation. Avadomide may also promote the activation of natural killer (NK) cells, potentially enhancing tumor cell killing. Aiolos and Ikaros are transcriptional repressors known to play an important role in normal B- and T-cell function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,6-Piperidinedione, 3-(5-Amino-2-methyl-4-oxo-3(4H)-quinazolinyl)-, Hydrochloride (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVADOMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Avadomide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Avadomide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-122 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430562"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1398053-45-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6CX4AEX3KR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710428"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710428"}]}}{"C123827":{"preferredName":"Avapritinib","code":"C123827","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of specific mutated forms of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR alpha; PDGFRa) and mast/stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, avapritinib specifically binds to and inhibits specific mutant forms of PDGFRa and c-Kit, including the PDGFRa D842V mutant and various KIT exon 17 mutants. This results in the inhibition of PDGFRa- and c-Kit-mediated signal transduction pathways and the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells that express these PDGFRa and c-Kit mutants. PDGFRa and c-Kit, protein tyrosine kinases and tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), are mutated in various tumor cell types; they play key roles in the regulation of cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(2-(4-(6-(1-methyl-1Hpyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethan-1-amine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVAPRITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AYVAKIT","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avapritinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Avapritinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU-285","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS3007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDGFR alpha/KIT Mutant-specific Inhibitor BLU-285","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498221"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1703793-34-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Treatment of Adults with Unresectable or Metastatic Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Harboring a Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha Exon 18 Mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"513P80B4YJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775630"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775630"}]}}{"C116870":{"preferredName":"Avelumab","code":"C116870","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human immunosuppressive ligand programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, avelumab binds to PD-L1 and prevents the interaction of PD-L1 with its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). This inhibits the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) targeted to PD-L1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, avelumab induces an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic (ADCC) response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-1, a cell surface receptor belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligand, and plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. PD-L1, a transmembrane protein, is overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types and is associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVELUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Avelumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Avelumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bavencio","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1-lambda1, Anti-(Homo sapiens CD274 (Programmed Death Ligand 1, PDL1, pd-l1, B7 Homolog 1, B7H1)), Homo sapiens Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB-0010718C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB0010718C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055417"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1537032-82-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma; metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC); advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC)."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KXG2PJ551I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745752"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745752"}]}}{"C118671":{"preferredName":"Avitinib Maleate","code":"C118671","definitions":[{"description":"The maleate salt form of avitinib, an orally available, irreversible, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant-selective inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, avitinib covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of mutant forms of EGFR, including the drug-resistant T790M EGFR mutant, which prevents signaling mediated by mutant forms of EGFR. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-mutated tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in a variety of cancers, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. As this agent is selective towards mutant forms of EGFR, its toxicity profile may be reduced when compared to non-selective EGFR inhibitors, which also inhibit wild-type EGFR.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AC0010 Maleate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC0010MA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avitinib Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053687"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765931"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765931"}]}}{"C120309":{"preferredName":"Axicabtagene Ciloleucel","code":"C120309","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTL) that have been transduced with a gammaretoviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) coupled to the costimulatory signaling domain CD28 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex (CD3 zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous infusion and re-introduction of axicabtagene ciloleucel into the patient, these cells bind to and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen that is expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. CD3 zeta is one of several membrane-bound polypeptides found in the TCR/CD3 complex; it regulates both the assembly and cell surface expression of TCR complexes. CD28 is essential for CD4+ T-cell proliferation, interleukin-2 production, and T-helper type-2 (Th2) development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXICABTAGENE CILOLEUCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Axicabtagene Ciloleucel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Axicabtagene Ciloleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTE C19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTE-C19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KTE-C19 CAR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yescarta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896829"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U2I8T43Y7R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768723"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768723"}]}}{"C38718":{"preferredName":"Axitinib","code":"C38718","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors and protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Axitinib inhibits the proangiogenic cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF), thereby exerting an anti-angiogenic effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG-013736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG-013736","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AG013736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AXITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Axitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Axitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inlyta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-methyl-2-((3-((1E)-2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethenyl)-1H-indazol-6-yl)sulfanyl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"axitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1700874"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"319460-85-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C9LVQ0YUXG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352181"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352181"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H18N4OS"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AG-013736"}]}}{"C152976":{"preferredName":"AXL Inhibitor DS-1205c","code":"C152976","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL (UFO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DS-1205c targets, binds to and prevents the activation of AXL. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways and inhibits tumor cell proliferation and migration. AXL, a member of the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed by many tumor cell types. It plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis; its expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXL Inhibitor DS-1205c","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AXL Inhibitor DS-1205c","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS 1205c","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-1205c","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS1205c","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554179"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793863"}]}}{"C132025":{"preferredName":"AXL Receptor Tyrosine Kinase/cMET Inhibitor BPI-9016M","code":"C132025","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL; UFO) and the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, AXL receptor tyrosine kinase/cMET inhibitor BPI-9016M, binds to both AXL and cMet, thereby disrupting both AXL- and c-Met-mediated signaling pathways. Altogether, this agent inhibits growth in AXL and cMet-overexpressing tumor cells. AXL, a member of the TAM (TYRO3, AXL and MER) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, and cMet, both overexpressed by many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXL Receptor Tyrosine Kinase/cMET Inhibitor BPI-9016M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AXL/cMET Inhibitor BPI-9016M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI 9016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI-9016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI-9016M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520367"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786576"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786576"}]}}{"C153122":{"preferredName":"Axl/Mer Inhibitor INCB081776","code":"C153122","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) Axl (UFO) and Mer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, INCB081776 targets and binds to both Axl and Mer, and prevents their activity. This blocks Axl- and Mer-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits proliferation and migration of Axl- and Mer-overexpressing tumor cells. Axl and Mer, both members of the TAM (Tyro3, Axl and Mer) family of RTKs, are overexpressed by many tumor cell types. They play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis, and their expression is associated with enhanced immunosuppression, drug resistance and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Axl/Mer Inhibitor INCB081776","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Axl/Mer Inhibitor INCB081776","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 081776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 81776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-081776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-81776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB081776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB81776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554380"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793938"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793938"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Axl/Mer Inhibitor INCB081776"}]}}{"C288":{"preferredName":"Azacitidine","code":"C288","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat myelodysplastic syndromes and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyrimidine nucleoside analogue of cytidine with antineoplastic activity. Azacitidine is incorporated into DNA, where it reversibly inhibits DNA methyltransferase, thereby blocking DNA methylation. Hypomethylation of DNA by azacitidine may activate tumor suppressor genes silenced by hypermethylation, resulting in an antitumor effect. This agent is also incorporated into RNA, thereby disrupting normal RNA function and impairing tRNA cytosine-5-methyltransferase activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Amino-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5 AZC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-AC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-AC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-AZC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Aza-cytidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Azacytidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Azacytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"AZACITIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Azacitidine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Azacitidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azacytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azacytidine, 5-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ladakamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mylosar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Mylosar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onureg","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-18496","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vidaza","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vidaza","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"azacitidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"102816"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004475"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"320-67-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome; acute myeloid leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M801H13NRU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39153"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H12N4O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Azacitidine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2038"}]}}{"C1007":{"preferredName":"Azapicyl","code":"C1007","definitions":[{"description":"A hydrazine compound that has been investigated for antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-ACETYL-2-PICOLINOYLHYDRAZINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"1-Acetyl-2-picolinoylhydrazine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-acetyl-2-picolinoylhydrazine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-acetylhydrazide-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azapicyl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azapicyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"P-2292","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"68626"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052754"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"17433-31-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"186TH42ZNH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39154"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39154"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Azapicyl"}]}}{"C1008":{"preferredName":"Azaribine","code":"C1008","definitions":[{"description":"The triacetate salt of azauridine, a synthetic triazine nucleoside derivative possessing antineoplastic and anti-psoriatic activity. After metabolism to 6-azauridine-5-prime monophosphate, 6-Azauridine inhibits de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis and its 5-prime triphosphate metabolite gets incorporated into RNA, thereby preventing RNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,4-Triazine-3,5(2H,4H)-dione, 2-Beta-D-ribofuranosyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2',3',4'-azauridine triacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-(2,3,5-Tri-O-acetyl-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-as-triazine-3,5(2H,4H)-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Azauridine Triacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Azauridine triacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"AZARIBINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Azaribine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azauridine Triacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azauridine triacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CB 304","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SKI 28426","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triacetyl 6-azauridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triacetyl 6-azuridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triacetyl-6-azuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triazure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triazure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"67239"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052757"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2169-64-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K1U80DO9EB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39155"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39155"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H17N3O9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Azauridine_Triacetate"}]}}{"C289":{"preferredName":"Azaserine","code":"C289","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally occurring serine derivative diazo compound with antineoplastic properties, Azaserine functions as a purine antagonist and glutamine analogue (glutamine amidotransferase inhibitor) that competitively inhibits pathways in which glutamine is metabolized. An antibiotic and antitumor agent, Azaserine is used in clinical studies as a potential antineoplastic agent. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZASERINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AZASERINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"AZS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azaserine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL-337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CN 15757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CN-15757","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cl 337","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Diazoacetate (Ester) L-Serine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diazoacetate(ester) L-serine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Diazoacetic Acid Ester with Serine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diazoacetylserine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Azaserine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Azaserine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Diazoacetate(ester) serine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-diazoacetate (ester) serine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-serine diazoacetate (ester)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"O-diazoacetyl-L-serine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-165","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-165","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Serine Diazoacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"o-Diazoacetyl-L-serine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"742"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004480"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"115-02-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"87299V3Q9W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39156"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39156"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H7N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Azaserine"}]}}{"C290":{"preferredName":"Azathioprine","code":"C290","definitions":[{"description":"A purine analogue with cytotoxic and immunosuppressive activity. Azathioprine is a prodrug that is converted by hepatic xanthine oxidase to its active metabolite 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP). 6-MP is further metabolized by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) into 6-thioguanosine-5'-phosphate (6-thio-GMP) and 6-thioinosine monophosphate (6-thio-IMP), both inhibit nucleotide conversions and de novo purine synthesis. This leads to inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. As a result, cell proliferation may be inhibited, particularly in lymphocytes and leukocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-[(1-Methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-yl)thio]-1H-purine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"6-[(1-Methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-yl)thio]-1H-purine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZATHIOPRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AZTP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azathioprine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Azathioprine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azathioprine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"39084"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004482"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"446-86-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MRK240IY2L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H7N7O2S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Azathioprine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2948"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Azathioprine"}]}}{"C1347":{"preferredName":"Azimexon","code":"C1347","definitions":[{"description":"Azimexon (2-cyanaziridinyl-2-carbamoyl-aziridinyl-1-propane) is a derivative of 2-cyanaziridine. Immunostimulant which shows therapeutic effects in tumor models and experimental infections in vitro, enhancing T lymphocyte transformation and phagocytosis. The mode of action of azimexon is unknown. It has been suggested that azimexon may alkylate DNA. In cancer patients it increases leukocytosis, blood active T rosettes, T4/T8 ratio, and is used as an adjuvant to chemotherapy in the treatment of melanoma and myeloma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Aziridinecarboxamide, 1-[1-(2-cyano-1-aziridinyl)-1-methylethyl]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Cyanaziridinyl-2-carbamoyl-aziridinyl-1-propane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZIMEXON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Azimexon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azimexone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BM 12.531","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BM12531","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0104835"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"64118-86-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4NJ842U6BZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39159"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39159"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H14N4O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Azimexon"}]}}{"C29404":{"preferredName":"Aziridinylbenzoquinone RH1","code":"C29404","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, synthetic aziridinylbenzoquinone with potential antineoplastic activity. Bioactivation of aziridinylbenzoquinone RH1 occurs through the two-electron reduction of the quinone to the hydroquinone by the two-electron quinone reductase DT-diaphorase (DTD). The resultant hydroquinone selectively alkylates and cross-links DNA at the 5'-GNC-3' sequence, inihibiting DNA replication, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. DTD is over-expressed in many tumors relative to normal tissue, including lung, colon, breast and liver tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,5-Diaziridinyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aziridinylbenzoquinone RH1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RH1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"697726"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0764431"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580840"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580840"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"RH1"}]}}{"C28803":{"preferredName":"Azotomycin","code":"C28803","definitions":[{"description":"An antineoplastic-antibiotic diazo analog of L-glutamine isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces ambofaciens. Azotomycin inhibits glutamine-dependent enzymes involved in purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A 10270B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZOTOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Azotomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diazomycin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duazomycin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Norleucine, 6-diazo-N-(6-diazo-N-L-gamma-glutamyl-5-oxo-L-norleucyl)-5-oxo- (8CI 9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"56654"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052821"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7644-67-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6TQY580E8M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H23N7O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Azotomycin"}]}}{"C85480":{"preferredName":"Azurin:50-77 Cell Penetrating Peptide p28","code":"C85480","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, amphipathic, 28 amino acid (amino acids 50-77), 2.9 kD fragment peptide (p28) derived from the protein azurin with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Although the mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated, the preferential cellular uptake of azurin-derived cell-penetrating peptide p28 by tumor cells and endothelial cells is likely via caveolae-mediated endocytosis; the C-terminal 18 amino acid residues (50-67) appear to be responsible for this preferential uptake. After cell entry, the first 12 amino acid residues interact with tumor suppressor p53 and form a p28:p53 complex, which may result in a reduction of proteasomal degradation of p53, increased p53 levels, and p53-mediated cell cycle inhibition and apoptosis. Azurin is a cupredoxin secreted by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) are cationic and/or amphipathic peptides, typically less than 30 amino acids in length, that can penetrate cell membranes easily and may transport molecular cargo.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZURIN-P28","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Azurin-Derived Cell Penetrating Peptide p28","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azurin:50-77 CPP p28","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azurin:50-77 Cell Penetrating Peptide p28","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Azurin:50-77 Cell Penetrating Peptide p28","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412365"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H4QZU9L323"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647827"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647827"}]}}{"C61311":{"preferredName":"B-Raf/VEGFR-2 Inhibitor RAF265","code":"C61311","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of melanoma. CHIR-265 may block the growth of tumors and the growth of blood vessels from surrounding tissue to the tumor. It is a type of Raf kinase inhibitor and angiogenesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. CHIR-265 binds and inhibits Raf kinases, which may result in a reduction of tumor cell growth and proliferation, and tumor cell death. In addition, this agent inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR-2), thereby disrupting tumor angiogenesis. Raf kinases are critical enzymes in the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and are frequently upregulated in neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Raf/VEGFR-2 Inhibitor RAF265","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B-Raf/VEGFR-2 Inhibitor RAF265","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHIR-265","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHIR-265","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RAF-265","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAF265","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831810"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"484456"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"484456"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CHIR-265"}]}}{"C155974":{"preferredName":"Babaodan Capsule","code":"C155974","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available mixed powder of traditional Chinese medicine containing eight constituents including natural calculus bovis, snake gall, antelope horn, pearl, musk, radix notoginseng, and other as of yet not disclosed ingredients, with potential antifibrotic, immunomodulatory, and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, babaodan may ameliorate substance-induced liver injury and fibrosis, and inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and proliferation through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B and TLR4/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways. Babaodan may, through an as of yet not elucidated mechanism, enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs and may inhibit the occurrence and development of certain tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BBD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Babao Dan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Babaodan Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562711"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795030"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795030"}]}}{"C77694":{"preferredName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Substrain Connaught Live Antigen","code":"C77694","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN SUBSTRAIN CONNAUGHT LIVE ANTIGEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Live Antigen, B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Substrain Connaught Live Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immucyst","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium bovis BCG Substrain Connaught","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TheraCys","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0255289"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5H5854UBMZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bacillus_Calmette-Guerin_Live_Antigen_B"}]}}{"C28850":{"preferredName":"Bactobolin","code":"C28850","definitions":[{"description":"A 3-dichloromethylactinobolin antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from various Pseudomonas bacterial species. BN-183 induces apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway. This agent also has immunomodulatory properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Bactobolin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Amino-N-[3-(dichloromethyl)-3,4,4a,5,6,7- hexahydro-5,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-1H-2- benzopyran-4-yl], Propanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibiotic BN 183B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BACTOBOLIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BN 183B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bactobolin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 12278","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"325014"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052913"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EOF7S67HS2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bactobolin"}]}}{"C62516":{"preferredName":"Bafetinib","code":"C62516","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active 2-phenylaminopyrimidine derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. INNO-406 specifically binds to and inhibits the Bcr/Abl fusion protein tyrosine kinase, an abnormal enzyme produced by Philadelphia chromosomal translocation associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Furthermore, this agent also inhibits the Src-family member Lyn tyrosine kinase, upregulated in imatinib-resistant CML cells and in a variety of solid cancer cell types. The inhibitory effect of INNO-406 on these specific tyrosine kinases decreases cellular proliferation and induces apoptosis. A high percentage of CML patients are refractory to imatinib, which sometimes results from point mutations occurring in the kinase domain of the Bcr/Abl fusion product. Due to its dual inhibitory activity, INNO-406 has been shown to overcome this particular drug resistance and to be a potent and effective agent in the treatment of imatinib-resistant CML.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAFETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bafetinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bafetinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, N-[3-([4,5'-bipyrimidin]-2-ylamino)-4-methylphenyl]-4-[[(3S)-3- (dimethylamino)-1-pyrrolidinyl]methyl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS-9","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual Bcr-Abl/Lyn Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor INNO-406","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INNO-406","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NS-187","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2607225"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"859212-16-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NVW4Z03I9B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500041"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500041"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H31F3N8O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"INNO-406"}]}}{"C91094":{"preferredName":"Balixafortide","code":"C91094","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) with receptor binding and hematopoietic stem cell-mobilization activities. Balixafortide binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation. This may induce the mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from the bone marrow into blood. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) gene family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types; CXCL12/CXCR4 interaction induces retention of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ala-cys-ser-ala-pro-arg-tyr-cys-tyr-gln-lys-pro-pro-tyr-his Cyclic (2->9)-disulfide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BALIXAFORTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Balixafortide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Balixafortide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"POL6326","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421480"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1051366-32-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PRC974M49B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672350"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672350"}]}}{"C129374":{"preferredName":"Baltaleucel-T","code":"C129374","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), which have specific reactivity to the EBV antigens, latent membrane proteins (LMP) 1 (LMP1) and 2 (LMP2), EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA) and BamHI-A rightward frame-1 (BARF1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, baltaleucel-T targets and binds to EBV-expressing cancer cells specifically expressing the targeted antigens. This may kill LMP1/LMP2/EBNA/BARF1-expressing EBV-associated cancer cells. LMP1, LMP2, EBNA and BARF1 are tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are specifically associated with EBV infection, and play key roles in the proliferation of a variety of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BALTALEUCEL-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Baltaleucel T","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Baltaleucel-T","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Baltaleucel-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMD-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein Barr Virus-specific LMP1/LMP2/EBNABARF1-targeting Autologous Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512344"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F9670LP52I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783439"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783439"}]}}{"C79528":{"preferredName":"Banoxantrone","code":"C79528","definitions":[{"description":"A bioreductive, alkylaminoanthraquinone prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Under hypoxic conditions, often seen in solid tumors, banoxantrone (AQ4N) is converted and activated by cytochrome P450 enzymes, which are upregulated in certain tumors, to the cytotoxic DNA-binding agent AQ4. Banoxantrone intercalates into and crosslinks DNA, and inhibits topoisomerase II. This results in an inhibition of DNA replication and repair in tumor cells. Combined with conventional therapeutic agents, both oxygenic and hypoxic regions of tumors can be targeted.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9,10-Anthracenedione, 1,4-bis((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)amino)-5,8-dihydroxy-, N,N'-dioxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AQ 4N","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aq4N","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BANOXANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Banoxantrone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Banoxantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0299316"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"136470-65-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W5H7E45YT3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"393464"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"393464"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H28N4O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Banoxantrone"}]}}{"C62502":{"preferredName":"Barasertib","code":"C62502","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, dihydrogen phosphate prodrug of the pyrazoloquinazoline Aurora kinase inhibitor AZD1152-hydroxyquinazoline pyrazol anilide (AZD1152-HQPA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration and rapid conversion from the prodrug form in plasma, AZD1152-HQPA specifically binds to and inhibits Aurora kinase B, which results in the disruption of spindle checkpoint functions and chromosome alignment and, so, the disruption of chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. Consequently, cell division and cell proliferation are inhibited and apoptosis is induced in Aurora kinase B-overexpressing tumor cells. Aurora kinase B, a serine/threonine protein kinase that functions in the attachment of the mitotic spindle to the centromere, is overexpressed in a wide variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1h-pyrazole-3-acetamide, 5-((7-(3-(ethyl(2-(phosphonooxy)ethyl)amino)propoxy)-4-quinazolinyl)amino)-n-(3-fluorophenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-1152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD1152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD2811","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor AZD1152","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BARASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Barasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Barasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831923"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"722543-31-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"16XC2U7W8N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496937"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496937"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H31FN7O6P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AZD1152"}]}}{"C48382":{"preferredName":"Bardoxolone","code":"C48382","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. CDDO may block enzymes involved in inflammation and cancer growth. It is a type of antineoplastic plant product.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic triterpenoid compound with potential antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. Bardoxolone blocks the synthesis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2), two enzymes involved in inflammation and carcinogenesis. This agent also inhibits the interleukin-1 (IL-1)-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory proteins matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and the expression of Bcl-3; Bcl-3 is an IL-1-responsive gene that preferentially contributes to MMP-1 gene expression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"BARDOXOLONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bardoxolone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDDO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDDO","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Oleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid, 2-cyano-3,12-dioxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTA 401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"711193"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0762434"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"218600-44-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7HT68L8941"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453589"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453589"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H41NO4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CDDO"}]}}{"C98250":{"preferredName":"Bardoxolone Methyl","code":"C98250","definitions":[{"description":"The methyl ester form of bardoxolone, a synthetic triterpenoid compound with potential antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. Bardoxolone blocks the synthesis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2), two enzymes involved in inflammation and carcinogenesis. This agent also inhibits the interleukin-1 (IL-1)-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory proteins matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and the expression of Bcl-3; Bcl-3 is an IL-1-responsive gene that preferentially contributes to MMP-1 gene expression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-methyl 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic Acid Methyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BARDOXOLONE METHYL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bardoxolone Methyl","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bardoxolone Methyl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDDO Methyl Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDDO-Me","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTA 402","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"713200"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1100924"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"218600-53-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CEG1Q6OGU1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H43NO4"}]}}{"C127012":{"preferredName":"Baricitinib","code":"C127012","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus kinases 1 and 2 (JAK1/2), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, baricitinib binds to JAK1/2, which inhibits JAK1/2 activation and leads to the inhibition of the JAK-signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway. This decreases the production of inflammatory cytokines and may prevent an inflammatory response. In addition, baricitinib may induce apoptosis and reduce proliferation of JAK1/2-expressing tumor cells. JAK kinases are intracellular enzymes involved in cytokine signaling, inflammation, immune function and hematopoiesis; they are also upregulated and/or mutated in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Azetidineacetonitrile, 1-(Ethylsulfonyl)-3-(4-(7H-pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BARICITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Baricitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Baricitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 028050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB028050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3009104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3009104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4044947"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1187594-09-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ISP4442I3Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781527"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781527"}]}}{"C72716":{"preferredName":"Batabulin","code":"C72716","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors. It inhibits the growth of cancer cells by preventing cell division.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic pentafluorophenylsulfonamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Batabulin covalently binds to beta tubulin, resulting in a disruption of microtubule polymerization, collapse of the cytoskeleton, cell cycle arrest, and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Fluoro-1-methoxy-4-pentafluorophenylsulfonamidobenzene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BATABULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Batabulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T138067","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0767920"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"195533-53-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T4NP8G3K6Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H7F6NO3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Batabulin"}]}}{"C1835":{"preferredName":"Batabulin Sodium","code":"C1835","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt form of batabulin, a synthetic pentafluorophenylsulfonamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Batabulin covalently binds to and selectively modifies the beta 1, beta 2, beta 3, and beta 4 isotypes of beta tubulin at a conserved cysteine residue, resulting in disruption of microtubule polymerization, collapse of the cytoskeleton, an increase in chromosomal ploidy, cell cycle arrest, and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Fluoro-1-methoxy-4-(pentafluorophenyl-sulfonamido)benzene, Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BATABULIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Batabulin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T138067 Sodium","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0767921"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"195533-98-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G04B77F772"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43107"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43107"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H6F6NO3S.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T138067"}]}}{"C1529":{"preferredName":"Batimastat","code":"C1529","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors. Batimastat is a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic hydroxamate with potential antineoplastic activity. Batimastat binds covalently to the zinc ion in the active site of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby inhibiting the action of MMPs, inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2R,3S)-N{4}-Hydroxy-N{1}-[(1S)-2-(methylamino)-2-oxo-1-(phenylmethyl)ethyl]-2-(2-methylpropyl)-3-[(2-thienylthio)methyl]butanediamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(2R,3S)-N{4}-Hydroxy-N{1}-[(1S)-2-(methylamino)-2-oxo-1-(phenylmethyl)ethyl]-2-(2-methylpropyl)-3-[(2-thienylthio)methyl]butanediamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BATIMASTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BB-94","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB94","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Batimastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanediamide, N4-hydroxy-N1-(2-(methylamino)-2-oxo-1-(phenylmethyl)ethyl)-2-(2-methylpropyl)-3-((2-thienylthio)methyl)-, (2R-(1(S*),2R*,3S*))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[4-(N-Hydroxyamino)-2R-isobutyl-3S-(2-thienylthiomethyl)-succinyl]-L-phenylalanine-N-methylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[4-(N-Hydroxyamino)-2R-isobutyl-3S-(thiophen-2-ylthiomethyl)-succinyl]-L-phenylalanine-N-methylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"batimastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0215791"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"130370-60-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BK349F52C9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H31N3O4S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Batimastat"}]}}{"C49088":{"preferredName":"Bavituximab","code":"C49088","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric, IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against anionic phospholipids with potential antineoplastic activity. Bavituximab binds to anionic phospholipids in a beta 2-glycoprotein I-dependent manner, inhibiting tumor growth by stimulating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) to tumor vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAVITUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bavituximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bavituximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chimeric Anti-Phosphotidylserine Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tarvacin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707382"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"648904-28-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q16CT95N25"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"450954"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"450954"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chimeric_Anti-Phosphotidylserine_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C73598":{"preferredName":"Bazedoxifene","code":"C73598","definitions":[{"description":"An indole derivative and third-generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bazedoxifene specifically binds to estrogen receptors in responsive tissues, including liver, bone, breast, and endometrium. The resulting ligand-receptor complex is translocated to the nucleus where, depending on the tissue type, it either promotes or suppresses the transcription of estrogen-regulated genes. Bazedoxifene acts as an estrogen antagonist in uterine and breast tissue, thereby blocking the proliferative effects of estrogen-binding to ER-positive cells in these tissues. Bazedoxifene functions as an estrogen agonist in lipid metabolism, thereby decreasing total and LDL cholesterol levels. In bone, it decreases bone resorption and bone turnover and increases bone mineral density.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Indol-5-ol, 1-((4-(2-(hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)ethoxy)phenyl)methyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAZEDOXIFENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bazedoxifene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bazedoxifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSE-424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WAY 140424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346970"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"198481-32-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q16TT9C5BK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772911"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772911"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H34N2O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bazedoxifene"}]}}{"C107685":{"preferredName":"BC-819 Plasmid/Polyethylenimine Complex","code":"C107685","definitions":[{"description":"A plasmid DNA encoding for the A fragment of Diphtheria Toxin (DTA) under the control of the H19 gene promoter (BC-819 or DTA-H19) and mixed with the transfectant polyethylenimine (PEI), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the PEI moiety enhances the entry of the agent into rapidly dividing cells. Upon cell entry, activation of the H19 gene promoter-containing plasmids and DTA expression are limited to tumor cells, as high levels of H19 expression are only found in tumor cells. DTA disrupts protein synthesis. Tumor-cell selective expression of this toxin leads to the selective destruction of the tumor while sparing healthy, normal cells. H19, an oncofetal, regulatory RNA, is overexpressed in certain cancer cells while its expression in normal cells is minimal or absent; it plays a key role in cancer progression, angiogenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BC-819 Plasmid/Polyethylenimine Complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BC-819/PEI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTA-H19/PEI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL451873"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751613"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751613"}]}}{"C83496":{"preferredName":"BCG Solution","code":"C83496","definitions":[{"description":"A form of biological therapy for superficial (not invasive) bladder cancer. The solution is made from a weakened form of the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis (bacillus Calmette-Guerin) that does not cause disease but stimulates the body's immune system. A catheter is used to place the BCG solution into the bladder where it is held for about two hours.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A solution containing an attenuated, live culture preparation of the Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) strain of Mycobacterium bovis with potential immunostimulating activity. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, upon intravesical administration, attenuated, live BCG bacteria in the solution come into direct contact with the bladder wall, inciting an antitumor granulomatous inflammatory reaction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCG Solution","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BCG Solution","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCG Solution","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"BCG solution","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette Guerin Solution","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Solution","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TICE BCG Solution","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388460"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632465"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632465"}]}}{"C126694":{"preferredName":"BCG Tokyo-172 Strain Solution","code":"C126694","definitions":[{"description":"A solution containing an attenuated, live culture preparation of the bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) strain of Mycobacterium bovis obtained from the Pasteur Institute in 1924, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, upon intravesical instillation through a catheter, the attenuated, live BCG bacteria in the BCG Tokyo-172 strain solution come into direct contact with the bladder wall and elicits a local, multifaceted immune response against the BCG antigens, which kills the bladder cancer cells. Previous vaccination with a systemic BCG vaccine may enhance the immune system's response against the BCG antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN SUBSTRAIN TOKYO 172-1 LIVE ANTIGEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BCG Tokyo-172 Strain Solution","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCG Tokyo-172 Strain Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Tokyo-172 Strain Solution","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunobladder","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL508158"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"267H8I71ZT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788251"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788251"}]}}{"C298":{"preferredName":"BCG Vaccine","code":"C298","definitions":[{"description":"A tuberculosis vaccine containing bacillus Calmette-Guérin, a live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis. There are many different strains of BCG vaccine, all of which were originally derived from one strain, but which now have very different properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A weakened form of the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis (bacillus Calmette-Guerin) that does not cause disease. BCG is used in a solution to stimulate the immune system in the treatment of bladder cancer and as a vaccine to prevent tuberculosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A vaccine containing bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, with non-specific immunoadjuvant and immunotherapeutic activities. Although the mechanism of its anti-tumor activity is unclear, immunization with BCG vaccine likely activates a Th1 cytokine response that includes the induction of interferon. Vaccination with BCG vaccine may be immunoprotective against infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BCG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCG (Pasteur)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCG TICE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BCG Tice","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCG Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BCG Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCG Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Bacille Calmette-Guerin Live","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bacillius Calmette-Guerin Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette Guerin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette Guerin Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guerin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cultivo BCG","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ImmuCyst","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imovax BCG","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Live Intravesical BCG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monovax","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium bovis (Strain BCG)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncotice","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pacis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pastimmun","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TICE BCG","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"116341"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"614389"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"116328"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004886"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Immunoadjuvant in Vaccine Therapy"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Bladder cancer; Tuberculosis, immunization"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43028"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43028"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BCG_Vaccine"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccine"}]}}{"C156249":{"preferredName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor APG 2575","code":"C156249","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable and selective inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor APG 2575 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APG 2575","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG-2575","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG2575","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor APG 2575","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor APG 2575","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562961"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795558"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795558"}]}}{"C125603":{"preferredName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor BCL201","code":"C125603","definitions":[{"description":"A selective inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor BCL201 binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 protein is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCL-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor BCL201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor BCL201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-55746","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S55746","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Servier 1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Servier-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504308"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778922"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778922"}]}}{"C158510":{"preferredName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor S65487","code":"C158510","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor S65487 binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2, thereby restoring apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 protein is overexpressed in many cancer types and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor S65487","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S 65487","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-65487","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S65487","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938051"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797175"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797175"}]}}{"C28860":{"preferredName":"Bcl-Xs Adenovirus Vaccine","code":"C28860","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine consisting of replication-defective recombinant adenovirus that encodes for Bcl-Xs with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with Bcl-Xs adenovirus vaccine induces apoptosis in Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL positive cancer cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth while leaving normal cells unaffected. Bcl-Xs block the function of the protooncogenes Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL which are overexpressed in a variety of solid tumors and promote cancer cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bcl-Xs Adenovirus Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"689513"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511078"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bcl-Xs_Adenovirus_Vaccine"}]}}{"C156052":{"preferredName":"BCMA x CD3 T-cell Engaging Antibody CC-93269","code":"C156052","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), and one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-BCMA/CD3 T-cell engaging antibody CC-93269, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA found on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated death of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA x CD3 T Cell Engaging Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA x CD3 T-cell Engaging Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BCMA x CD3 T-cell Engaging Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA/CD3 T-cell Bi-specific Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMAxCD3 BiTE Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMAxCD3 TCB CC-93269","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bi-specific Antibody CC-93269","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 93269","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-93269","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EM901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562897"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795389"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795389"}]}}{"C132173":{"preferredName":"Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor K0706","code":"C132173","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitor K0706 selectively targets and binds to the Bcr-Abl fusion oncoprotein, including various Bcr-Abl mutant forms, such as those with the 'gatekeeper' resistance mutation T315I. This inhibits proliferation of Bcr-Abl-expressing tumor cells. The Bcr-Abl fusion protein is an aberrantly activated tyrosine kinase produced by certain leukemia cells. T315I, an amino acid substitution where threonine (T) has been mutated to isoleucine (I) at position 315 in the tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 portion of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, plays a key role in resistance to certain chemotherapeutic agents and its expression is associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora A Kinase/Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ENMD-2076","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor K0706","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor K0706","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"K0706","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SUN K706","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SUN-K0706","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SUN-K706","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520597"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787015"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787015"}]}}{"C130033":{"preferredName":"Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor PF-114","code":"C130033","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome resistance of tumor cells to second generation Bcr-Abl inhibitors, PF-114 targets and binds to the Bcr-Abl fusion oncoprotein, including those fusion proteins with the 'gatekeeper' resistance mutation T315I, an amino acid substitution at position 315 in Bcr-Abl from a threonine (T) to an isoleucine (I). This inhibits Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation of, and enhances apoptosis in, Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) hematologic malignancies. The Bcr-Abl fusion protein is an aberrantly activated tyrosine kinase produced by leukemia cells that contain the Philadelphia chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bcr-Abl Inhibitor PF-114","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor PF-114","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4043268"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784962"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784962"}]}}{"C165549":{"preferredName":"Olverembatinib","code":"C165549","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of a variety of kinases, including the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase, the mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit (c-Kit), the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B), and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration,olverembatinib targets, binds to and inhibits the kinase activities of Bcr-Abl, AKT, c-Kit and ERK. This inhibits their mediated signaling pathways and inhibits proliferation of tumor cells in which these kinases are overexpressed and/or mutated. Bcr-Abl, c-Kit, AKT and ERK play key roles in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCR-ABL/KIT/AKT/ERK Inhibitor HQP1351","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GZD-824","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HQP 1351","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HQP-1351","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HQP1351","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor HQP1351","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLVEREMBATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Olverembatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Olverembatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978679"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1257628-77-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KV1M7Q3CBP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799639"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799639"}]}}{"C1011":{"preferredName":"Beauvericin","code":"C1011","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclic hexadepsipeptide antibiotic and mycotoxin isolated from the fungus Beauveria bassiana and various Fusarium fungal species. As a potassium-specific ionophore, beauvericin A increases intracellular calcium concentrations and triggers DNA fragmentation and apoptosis through a calcium dependent caspase 3-sensitive pathway. This agent has been studied as a potential antineoplastic agent. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BEAUVERICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Beauvericin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053065"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"26048-05-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"26S048LS2R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Beauvericin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3000"}]}}{"C1620":{"preferredName":"Becatecarin","code":"C1620","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called antitumor antibiotics and topoisomerase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic diethylaminoethyl analogue of the indolocarbazole glycoside antineoplastic antibiotic rebeccamycin. Becatecarin intercalates into DNA and stabilizes the DNA-topoisomerase I complex, thereby interfering with the topoisomerase I-catalyzed DNA breakage-reunion reaction and initiating DNA cleavage and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,11-Dichloro-6-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-12,13-dihydro-12-(4-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-5H-indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazole-5,7(6H)-dione","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"5H-Indolo(2,3-a)pyrrolo(3,4-c)carbazole-5,7(6H)-dione, 1,11-dichloro-6-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-12,13-dihydro-12-(4-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BECATECARIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BMS-181176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMY-27557-14","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Becatecarin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Becatecarin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEAE-Rebeccamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSC 655649","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Rebeccamycin Analogue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rebeccamycin Analogue, Tartrate Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rebeccamycin analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"XL119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rebeccamycin analog","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"655649"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0936065"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"119673-08-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A60X6MBU6G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42257"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42257"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H34Cl2N4O7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rebeccamycin_Analogue"}]}}{"C73438":{"preferredName":"Belagenpumatucel-L","code":"C73438","definitions":[{"description":"A transforming growth factor beta2 (TGF-beta2) antisense gene-modified allogeneic tumor cell vaccine with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Belagenpumatucel-L is prepared by transfecting allogeneic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells with a plasmid containing a TGF-beta2 antisense transgene, expanding the cells, and then irradiating and freezing them. Upon administration, this agent may elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against host NSCLC cells, resulting in decreased tumor cell proliferation; vaccine immunogenicity may be potentiated by suppression of tumor TGF-beta2 production by antisense RNA expressed by the vaccine plasmid TGF-beta2 antisense transgene. Elevated levels of TGF-beta2 are frequently linked to immunosuppression in cancer patients and may be inversely correlated with prognosis in patients with NSCLC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Belagenpumatucel-L","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Belagenpumatucel-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lucanix","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1739687"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590662"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590662"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Belagenpumatucel-L"}]}}{"C91385":{"preferredName":"Belimumab","code":"C91385","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against B-Lymphocyte stimulator protein (BlyS or TNFSF13B) with potential immunomodulating activity. Belimumab specifically recognizes and inhibits the biological activity of BlyS, thereby preventing the binding of BlyS to B-lymphocytes. This inhibits the maturation of B-lymphocytes and may induce apoptosis in B-lymphocytes. In addition, it may decrease B-lymphocyte proliferation and/or survival. BlyS, a member of TNF family supporting B-lymphocyte maturation and survival, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and B-lymphocyte malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BELIMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Belimumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Belimumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benlysta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, anti-(Human Cytokine BAFF) (Human Monoclonal LymphoStat-B Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal LymphoStat-B lambda-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LymphoStat-B","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1723401"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"356547-88-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"73B0K5S26A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680522"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680522"}]}}{"C48812":{"preferredName":"Belinostat","code":"C48812","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Belinostat blocks enzymes needed for cell division and may kill cancer cells. It also prevents the growth of blood vessels needed for tumors to grow and may make tumor cells more sensitive to other anticancer drugs. It is a type of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, a type of angiogenesis inhibitor, and a type of chemosensitizer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A novel hydroxamic acid-type histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Belinostat targets HDAC enzymes, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, promoting cellular differentiation, and inhibiting angiogenesis. This agent may sensitize drug-resistant tumor cells to other antineoplastic agents, possibly through a mechanism involving the down-regulation of thymidylate synthase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BELINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Beleodaq","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Belinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Belinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PXD 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PXD 101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"PXD101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PXD101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"belinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"726630"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1948068"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"414864-00-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F4H96P17NZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"454583"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"454583"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H14N2O4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PXD101"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:61076"}]}}{"C66954":{"preferredName":"Belotecan Hydrochloride","code":"C66954","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of small cell lung cancer and other types of cancer. It blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of camptothecin analog and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the semi-synthetic camptothecin analogue belotecan with potential antitumor activity. Belotecan binds to and inhibits the activity of topoisomerase I, stabilizing the cleavable complex of topoisomerase I-DNA, which inhibits the religation of single-stranded DNA breaks generated by topoisomerase I; lethal double-stranded DNA breaks occur when the topoisomerase I-DNA complex is encountered by the DNA replication machinery, DNA replication is disrupted, and the tumor cell undergoes apoptosis. Topoisomerase I is an enzyme that mediates reversible single-strand breaks in DNA during DNA replication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BELOTECAN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Belotecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CKD602 HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"belotecan hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0762739"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"213819-48-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"01DZ4127G7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537355"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537355"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H27N3O4.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Belotecan_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C120040":{"preferredName":"Bemarituzumab","code":"C120040","definitions":[{"description":"A glycoengineered, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2b (FGFR2b), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bemarituzumab specifically binds to and inhibits FGFR2b on tumor cell surfaces, which prevents FGFR2 from binding to its ligands, FGFR2b activation and the activation of FGFR2b-mediated signal transduction pathways. The binding of FPA144 to FGFR2b protein also induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against FGFR2b-expressing tumor cells. This results in the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of cell death of FGFR2-expressing tumor cells. FGFR2b, a specific isoform of the receptor tyrosine kinase FGFR2 upregulated in many tumor cell types, is essential to tumor proliferation, differentiation and survival. Glycoengineering enhances the FPA144-mediated ADCC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BEMARITUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bemarituzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bemarituzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPA144","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896858"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1952272-74-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RJW23BQ0KW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767461"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767461"}]}}{"C121854":{"preferredName":"Bemcentinib","code":"C121854","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available and selective inhibitor of the AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (UFO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bemcentinib targets and binds to the intracellular catalytic kinase domain of AXL and prevents its activity. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways and inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which, in turn, inhibits tumor cell proliferation and migration. In addition, bemcentinib enhances chemo-sensitivity. AXL, a member of the TAM (TYRO3, AXL and MER) family of receptor tyrosine kinases overexpressed by many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis; its expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-1,2,4-Triazole-3,5-diamine, 1-(6,7-Dihydro-5H-benzo(6,7)cyclohepta(1,2-C)pyridazin-3-yl)-N3-((7S)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-7-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-5H-benzocyclohepten-2-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AXL Inhibitor BGB324","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEMCENTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BGB 324","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-324","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB324","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bemcentinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bemcentinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-428","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R428","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10631","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053663"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1037624-75-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0ICW2LX8AS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771720"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771720"}]}}{"C131019":{"preferredName":"Bempegaldesleukin","code":"C131019","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of the endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) conjugated to six releasable polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration of bempegaldesleukin, the IL-2 moiety binds to the IL-2 receptor beta subunit (IL2Rb; IL2Rbeta; CD122). The binding of IL-2 to IL2Rb activates IL2Rb-mediated signaling, which activates cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells, and induces expression of certain cytotoxic cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFNg) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGFb). The specific induction of T-cell-mediated cytotoxic immune responses against tumor cells primarily causes tumor cell destruction. IL2Rb plays a key role in the proliferation and activation of effector T-cells. PEG conjugation prevents IL-2 binding to the IL2Ralpha subunit (IL2Ra) because signaling through IL2Ra activates CD4-positive regulatory, immunosuppressive T-cells (Tregs), which would suppress tumor cell killing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aldesleukin Prodrug NKTR-214","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEMPEGALDESLEUKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bempegaldesleukin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bempegaldesleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKTR-214","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513468"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1939126-74-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BNO1JG5MZC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785056"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785056"}]}}{"C73231":{"preferredName":"Benaxibine","code":"C73231","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclophosphamide synergizer with antineoplastic, antidiabetic, antihypertensive and immunopotentiating activity. Benaxibine is active against integrin alph-4 precursor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Aminobenzoic acid-N-xyloside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BENAXIBINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Benaxibine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048028"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"27661-27-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6EEL176LGY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H15NO6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benaxibine"}]}}{"C73261":{"preferredName":"Bendamustine","code":"C73261","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug that is used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), to treat slow-growing B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that has gotten worse within 6 months of treatment with other anticancer drugs, and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Bendamustine may damage the DNA in cancer cells and cause them to die. It is a type of alkylating agent and a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bifunctional mechlorethamine derivative with alkylating and antimetabolite activities. Although the exact mechanism of action of bendamustine is unknown, this agent appears to alkylate and crosslink macromolecules, resulting in DNA, RNA and protein synthesis inhibition, and eventually the induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)-1-methyl-2-benzimidazolebutyric Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BENDAMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bendamustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SDX-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bendamustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0525079"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"16506-27-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin Lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9266D9P3PQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H21Cl2N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bendamustine"}]}}{"C61565":{"preferredName":"Bendamustine Hydrochloride","code":"C61565","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). It is also used to treat slow-growing B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that has gotten worse within 6 months of treatment with other anticancer drugs.It is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Bendamustine hydrochloride may damage the DNA in cancer cells and cause them to die. It is a type of alkylating agent and a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of bendamustine, a bifunctional mechlorethamine derivative with alkylator and antimetabolite activities. Bendamustine possesses three active moieties: an alkylating group; a benzimidazole ring, which may act as a purine analogue; and a butyric acid side chain. Although its exact mechanism of action is unknown this agent appears to act primarily as an alkylator. Bendamustine metabolites alkylate and crosslink macromolecules, resulting in DNA, RNA and protein synthesis inhibition, and, subsequently, apoptosis. Bendamustine may differ from other alkylators in that it may be more potent in activating p53-dependent stress pathways and inducing apoptosis; it may induce mitotic catastrophe; and it may activate a base excision DNA repair pathway rather than an alkyltransferase DNA repair mechanism. Accordingly, this agent may be more efficacious and less susceptible to drug resistance than other alkylators.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Benzimidazolinebutryric acid, 1-methyl-5-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-, hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BENDAMUSTINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Belrapzo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bendamustin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bendamustine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bendamustine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bendeka","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytostasan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Levact","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribomustin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SyB L-0501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treanda","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treanda","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"bendamustine hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"138783"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0772139"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3543-75-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"chronic lymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"981Y8SX18M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350251"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350251"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H21Cl2N3O2.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bendamustine_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C124053":{"preferredName":"Bendamustine-containing Nanoparticle-based Formulation RXDX-107","code":"C124053","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation containing the alkyl ester of bendamustine, a bifunctional mechlorethamine derivative, encapsulated in human serum albumin (HSA), with potential alkylating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the alkyl ester bendamustine-containing nanoparticle formulation RXDX-107, the nanoparticle formulation permits high concentrations of the alkyl ester of bendamustine be localized at the tumor site. The modified bendamustine alkylates and crosslinks macromolecules, resulting in DNA, RNA and protein synthesis inhibition, and, subsequently, apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bendamustine-containing Nanoparticle-based Formulation RXDX-107","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bendamustine-containing Nanoparticle-based Formulation RXDX-107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-40125","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX 107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX-107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498407"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776266"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776266"}]}}{"C107164":{"preferredName":"Benzaldehyde Dimethane Sulfonate","code":"C107164","definitions":[{"description":"A dimethane sulfonate derivative and alkylating agent with a structure similar to other alkylating agents such as chlorambucil, busulfan and melphalan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, benzaldehyde dimethane sulfonate alkylates DNA, which results in DNA double strand breaks, inhibition of DNA replication, cell cycle arrest and cell death. In addition, this agent is metabolized by the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) into the active carboxylic acid metabolite benzoic acid dimethane sulfonate (BA), which further contributes to its alkylating activity. Unlike other alkylating agents, benzaldehyde dimethane sulfonate has demonstrated antitumor activity in renal cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BEN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzaldehyde Dimethane Sulfonate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Benzaldehyde Dimethane Sulfonate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMS-612","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DMS612","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSC 281612","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3661349"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"96B0BRI1JU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750365"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750365"}]}}{"C2618":{"preferredName":"Benzoylphenylurea","code":"C2618","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of antitubulin agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A low molecular weight agent with antineoplastic activity. Benzoylphenylurea binds to the colchicine binding site on tubulin, thereby blocking tubulin polymerization and disrupting mitotic function. This agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, and has been shown to arrest leukemia cells in the G1-S transition phase of the cell cycle. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BENZOYLPHENYLUREA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BPU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Benzoylphenylurea","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Benzoylphenylurea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"benzoylphenylurea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"639829"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935907"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M10I9SO6RR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38213"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38213"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benzoylphenylurea"}]}}{"C87331":{"preferredName":"Berberine Chloride","code":"C87331","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable, hydrochloride salt form of berberine, a quaternary ammonium salt of an isoquinoline alkaloid and active component of various Chinese herbs, with potential antineoplastic, radiosensitizing, anti-inflammatory, anti-lipidemic and antidiabetic activities. Although the mechanisms of action through which berberine exerts its effects are not yet fully elucidated, upon administration this agent appears to suppress the activation of various proteins and/or modulate the expression of a variety of genes involved in tumorigenesis and inflammation, including, but not limited to transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xl), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), C-X-C motif chemokine 2 (CXCL2), cyclin D1, activator protein (AP-1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT), and DNA topoisomerase I and II. The modulation of gene expression may induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. In addition, berberine modulates lipid and glucose metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,6-Dihydro-9,10-Dimethoxybenzo(G)-1,3-Benzodioxolo(5,6-A)Quinolizinium Chloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BERBERINE CHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Berberine Chloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Berberine Chloride Dihydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Berberine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Berberinum Chloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0873019"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"633-65-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UOT4O1BYV8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764359"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764359"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H18NO4.Cl"}]}}{"C95708":{"preferredName":"Bermekimab","code":"C95708","definitions":[{"description":"A \"true human\" (cloned from human B lymphocytes) monoclonal antibody directed against interleukin-1 alpha (IL1a) with potential antineoplastic activity. Bermekimab binds to IL1a and may block the activity of IL1a. IL1a, an inflammatory mediator, plays a key role in interleukin-mediated tumor cell activity such as angiogenesis, tissue matrix remodeling, metastasis and tumor cell invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BERMEKIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bermekimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bermekimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA-18C3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV 18C3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV-18C3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MABp1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RA 18C3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RA-18C3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428173"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1401965-15-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N6SVN735GY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691526"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691526"}]}}{"C61568":{"preferredName":"Berubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C61568","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of adult brain tumors. RTA 744 crosses the blood-brain barrier and blocks an enzyme needed for cancer growth. It is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the anthracycline derivative berubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Berubicin intercalates into DNA and interrupts topoisomerase II activity, resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication and repair, and RNA and protein synthesis. Unlike other anthracycline derivatives, this agent crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S,10S)-10-((3-amino-4-O-benzyl-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)- 6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrotetracene-5,12-dione Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BERUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Berubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Berubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTA 744","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTA 744","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"WP744","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"topoisomerase II inhibitor RTA 744","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL364772"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"293736-67-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7BA3X03948"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"491929"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"491929"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H35NO11.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"RTA_744"}]}}{"C126805":{"preferredName":"BET Bromodomain Inhibitor ZEN-3694","code":"C126805","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BET inhibitor ZEN-3694 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of proliferation in BET-overexpressing tumor cells. BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Bromodomain Inhibitor ZEN-3694","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Bromodomain Inhibitor ZEN-3694","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BETi ZEN-3694","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZEN 3694","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZEN-3694","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZEN003694","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507898"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780442"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780442"}]}}{"C148415":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor ABBV-744","code":"C148415","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BET inhibitor ABBV-744 preferentially binds to the second bromodomain (BD2) of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of proliferation in BET-overexpressing tumor cells. BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that contain two homologous bromodomains, the BD1 and BD2 domains. They play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 744","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-744","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV744","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BD2-selective BET Inhibitor ABBV-744","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor ABBV-744","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor ABBV-744","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550999"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794664"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794664"}]}}{"C121213":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor BAY1238097","code":"C121213","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the Bromodomain (BRD) and Extra-Terminal domain (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor BAY1238097 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the BRD of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between BET proteins and histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and prevents the expression of certain growth-promoting genes. This leads to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. BET proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT) are transcriptional regulators that bind to acetylated lysines on the tails of histones H3 and H4, and regulate chromatin structure and function; they play an important role in the modulation of gene expression during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 1238097","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1238097","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1238097","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BAY1238097","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor BAY1238097","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor BAY1238097","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053666"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M9ALI41OQR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769590"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769590"}]}}{"C160257":{"preferredName":"BET inhibitor BI 894999","code":"C160257","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BET inhibitor BI 894999 binds to bromodomain-containing proteins 2, 3, and 4 (BRD2, BRD3, and BRD4) as well as bromodomain testis-specific protein (BRDT), thereby preventing the interaction between BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and suppresses the expression of certain oncogenes, including Myc and other transcriptional regulators. Preventing the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of bromodomains at the N-terminus, BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during cellular development and growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET inhibitor BI 894999","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET inhibitor BI 894999","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 894999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-894999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI894999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969271"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C121849":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor BMS-986158","code":"C121849","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the Bromodomain (BRD) and Extra-Terminal domain (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor BMS-986158 binds to the acetyl-lysine binding site in the BRD of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and prevents the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, resulting in an inhibition of tumor cell growth. BET proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT) are transcriptional regulators that bind to acetylated lysines on the tails of histones H3 and H4, and regulate chromatin structure and function; they play an important role in the modulation of gene expression during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor BMS-986158","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor BMS-986158","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986158","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986158","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053659"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X8BW0MQ5PI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771520"}]}}{"C151951":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor CC-90010","code":"C151951","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BET inhibitor CC-90010 preferentially binds to the second bromodomain (BD2) of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of proliferation in BET-overexpressing tumor cells. BET proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT) are transcriptional regulators that contain two homologous bromodomains, the BD1 and BD2 domains. They play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor CC-90010","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor CC-90010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 90010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-90010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC90010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553179"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793170"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793170"}]}}{"C111901":{"preferredName":"Pelabresib","code":"C111901","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pelabresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histone peptides. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of two bromodomains at the N-terminus, the BET proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT) are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor CPI-0610","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI-0610","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI-232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI-267232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PELABRESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pelabresib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pelabresib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454233"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1380087-89-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U4017GUQ06"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753680"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753680"}]}}{"C123733":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor FT-1101","code":"C123733","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor FT-1101 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomain sites of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to the inhibition of tumor cell growth. BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor FT-1101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor FT-1101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 95775","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-95775","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC95775","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT-1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053643"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775905"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775905"}]}}{"C126640":{"preferredName":"Alobresib","code":"C126640","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, alobresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of proliferation in BET-overexpressing tumor cells. BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2-Cyclopropyl-6-(3,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl)-1hbenzimidazol-4-yl)(dipyridin-2-yl)methanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALOBRESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alobresib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alobresib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS 5829","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-5829","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS5829","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL505073"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1637771-14-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3QBL0BLP3D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770347"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770347"}]}}{"C125391":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor GSK2820151","code":"C125391","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BET inhibitor GSK2820151 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor GSK2820151","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor GSK2820151","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK 2820151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2820151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504160"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778693"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778693"}]}}{"C121948":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor INCB054329","code":"C121948","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of bromodomain-containing proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor INCB054329 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of bromodomain at the N-terminus, BET proteins, BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor INCB054329","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor INCB054329","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB054329","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053634"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771984"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771984"}]}}{"C128622":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor INCB057643","code":"C128622","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the Bromodomain (BRD) and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of BRD-containing proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor INCB057643 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs found in the BRD of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated lysines on histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, such as c-Myc-dependent target genes, may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. BET proteins are transcriptional regulators that are overexpressed in certain tumor cells and play an important role in cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor INCB057643","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor INCB057643","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 057643","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB057643","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507893"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780220"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780220"}]}}{"C112500":{"preferredName":"BET Inhibitor RO6870810","code":"C112500","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the BET (Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal) family of bromodomain-containing proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor RO6870810 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs found in the bromodomain of BET proteins, which prevents the interaction between BET proteins and acetylated histones. This interaction disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of bromodomains at the N-terminus, BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during cellular development and growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor RO6870810","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor RO6870810","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal Protein Inhibitor RO6870810","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 6146","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6146","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-6870810","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RO6870810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEN 010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEN-010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454674"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TA3QN7788D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755021"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755021"}]}}{"C148138":{"preferredName":"BET-bromodomain Inhibitor ODM-207","code":"C148138","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BET inhibitor ODM-207 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression of oncogenic drivers that are important for cell proliferation and survival. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of proliferation in BET-overexpressing tumor cells. BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that bind to acetylated lysine residues in histones and play an important role during development and cellular growth. In tumor cells, BET proteins play a key role in the regulation of oncogene transcription and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BET Inhibitor ODM-207","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BET-bromodomain Inhibitor ODM-207","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bromodomain and Extraterminal Domain Protein Inhibitor ODM-207","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM 207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM-207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550806"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792467"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792467"}]}}{"C2605":{"preferredName":"Beta Alethine","code":"C2605","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to a family of chemicals called disulfides.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disulfide agent that stimulates T and B-cell functions and exhibits anti-tumor and immunostimulant activity. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALETHINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alethine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Alethine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta Alethine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-alanyl-cysteamine Disulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BetaLT","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Betathine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N'-(Dithiodiethylene)bis(3-aminopropionamide)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta alethine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0290021"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"646-08-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LY583605Y8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38126"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38126"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Beta_Alethine"}]}}{"C1016":{"preferredName":"Beta-Carotene","code":"C1016","definitions":[{"description":"A substance found in yellow and orange fruits and vegetables and in dark green, leafy vegetables. The body can make vitamin A from beta carotene. Beta carotene is being studied in the prevention of some types of cancer. It is a type of antioxidant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Carotenoid consisting of a cyclic structure on each end with additional double bonds at the number 5 and 5' carbon atoms of the cyclic structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A naturally-occurring retinol (vitamin A) precursor obtained from certain fruits and vegetables with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. As an anti-oxidant, beta carotene inhibits free-radical damage to DNA. This agent also induces cell differentiation and apoptosis of some tumor cell types, particularly in early stages of tumorigenesis, and enhances immune system activity by stimulating the release of natural killer cells, lymphocytes, and monocytes. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":".beta.-Carotene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-1,18-bis(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)-octadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"BETA CAROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Beta Carotene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-Carotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-carotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Beta-carotene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAROTENE, BETA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lumitene","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solatene","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solatene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"beta carotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"beta-Carotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"62794"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053396"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7235-40-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Dietary supplement; prevention of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria; polymorphous light eruption; chemoprevention for cardiovascular disease and cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"01YAE03M7J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40992"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40992"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C40H56"},{"name":"INFOODS","value":"CARTB"},{"name":"USDA_ID","value":"321"},{"name":"Unit","value":"mcg"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Beta_Carotene"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17579"}]}}{"C103177":{"preferredName":"Beta-elemene","code":"C103177","definitions":[{"description":"One of the isomers of elemene, a lipid soluble sesquiterpene and the active component isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Rhizoma zedoariae with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Although the exact mechanism of action through which beta-elemene exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to induce apoptosis through different mechanisms of action and induces cell cycle arrest at different stages based on the tumor cell type involved. Beta-elemene may sensitize cancer cells to other chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,2S,4R)-2,4-diisopropenyl-1-methyl-1-vinylcyclohexane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(1alpha,2beta,4beta)-1-Methyl-2,4-bis(methylvinyl)-1- vinylcyclohexane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-elemene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1101268"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740161"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740161"}]}}{"C2678":{"preferredName":"Beta-Glucan","code":"C2678","definitions":[{"description":"A substance found in bacteria, plants, and certain foods, such as baker's yeast, cereal grains, and mushrooms. It is a type of polysaccharide that is made of a string of glucose (sugar) molecules joined together. Beta-glucan may stimulate the immune system and help kill cancer cells. It is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of biological response modifier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A polysaccharide isolated from the cell walls of bacteria, plants, and fungi with immunostimulant and antineoplastic activities. In a solubilized form, beta-glucan binds to a lectin site within complement receptor 3 (CR3) on leukocytes, priming the receptor to trigger cytotoxic degranulation of leukocytes when leukocyte CR3 binds to complement 3 (iC3b)-coated tumors. Thus, the attachment of beta-glucan to CR3 of circulating leukocytes simulates leukocytes to kill iC3b-coated tumor cells in the same way as they kill iC3b-coated yeast. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Beta-Glucan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Beta-Glucan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta-glucan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134651"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38642"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38642"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Beta-Glucan"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28793"}]}}{"C82657":{"preferredName":"Beta-Glucan MM-10-001","code":"C82657","definitions":[{"description":"A powder formulation containing a triple helix beta-glucan, isolated from the cell walls of the shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes), with potential immunostimulating activity. The beta-glucan in beta-glucan MM-10-001 binds to a lectin site within the complement receptor 3 (CR3 or iC3b receptor) on leukocytes, priming the receptor to trigger cytotoxic degranulation of leukocytes when leukocyte CR3 binds to iC3b-opsonized tumor cells. iC3b is the proteolyticly inactive product of the complement cleavage fragment C3b.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Beta-Glucan MM-10-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Beta-Glucan MM-10-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-10-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388490"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636186"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636186"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Beta-Glucan_MM-10-001"}]}}{"C99146":{"preferredName":"Beta-lapachone Prodrug ARQ 761","code":"C99146","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, soluble prodrug of beta-lapachone, a poorly soluble, ortho-naphthoquinone with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activity. ARQ 761 is converted to beta-lapachone (b-lap) in vivo. When b-lap is activated by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) this agent creates a futile oxidoreduction, generating highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) that results in DNA damage. The activation of b-lap also causes hyperactivation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), an enzyme that facilitates DNA repair, accompanied by rapid depletion of NAD+/ATP nucleotide levels. As a result, a caspase-independent and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced mu-calpain-mediated cell death occurs in NQO1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, b-lap induces expression of the checkpoints activator E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) and thereby activates the E2F1-mediated checkpoint pathway that directly triggers apoptosis. As ARQ 761 is soluble and requires less solvent, this formulation may cause less hemolytic anemia associated with administration of the synthetic b-lap ARQ 501.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARQ 761","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-lapachone Prodrug ARQ 761","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Beta-lapachone Prodrug ARQ 761","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432960"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715599"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715599"}]}}{"C1350":{"preferredName":"Beta-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside","code":"C1350","definitions":[{"description":"A thiopurine nucleoside derivative with antineoplastic activity. After conversion to the triphosphate, beta-thioguanine deoxyriboside is incorporated into DNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication. This agent is cytotoxic against leukemia cell lines and has demonstrated some activity against leukemia cells in vivo. Beta-thioguanine deoxyriboside demonstrates antineoplastic activity against 6-thioguanine-resistant tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":".beta.-2'-Deoxy-6-thioguanosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":".beta.-2'-Deoxythioguanosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":".beta.-2'-Deoxythiol guanosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":".beta.-Thioguanine deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,9-dihydro-6H-purine-6-thione, 2-amino-9-(2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2'-Deoxythioguanosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2'-Desoxy-6-thioguanosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2'-deoxythioguanosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2'-desoxy-6-thioguanosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Mercaptoguaninedeoxyriboside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Mercaptoguaninedeoxyriboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6H-Purine-6-thione, 2-amino-9-(2-deoxy-.beta.-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-1,9-dihydro-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"9H-Purine-6-thiol, 2-amino-9-(2-deoxy-.beta.-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-, monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"9H-purine-6-thiol, 2-amino-9-(2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl) monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-TGDR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta Thioguanine Deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thioguanine 9.beta.D-2'-deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"beta-2'-deoxy-6-thioguanosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta-2'-deoxythioguanosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta-2'-deoxythiol guanosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"thioguanine 9-beta-D-2'-deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"71261"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053376"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"789-61-7"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"64039-27-6"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39711"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39711"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Beta-Thioguanine_Deoxyriboside"}]}}{"C38126":{"preferredName":"Betulinic Acid","code":"C38126","definitions":[{"description":"A pentacyclic lupane-type triterpene derivative of betulin (isolated from the bark of Betula alba, the common white birch) with antiinflammatory, anti-HIV and antineoplastic activities. Betulinic acid induces apoptosis through induction of changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, production of reactive oxygen species, and opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, resulting in the release of mitochondrial apogenic factors, activation of caspases, and DNA fragmentation. Although originally thought to exhibit specific cytotoxicity against melanoma cells, this agent has been found to be cytotoxic against non-melanoma tumor cell types including neuroectodermal and brain tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3beta)-3-Hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALS-357","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BETULINIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Betulinic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Betulinic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Betulinic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mairin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"113090"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053530"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"472-15-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4G6A18707N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496932"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496932"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H48O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Betulinic_Acid"}]}}{"C2039":{"preferredName":"Bevacizumab","code":"C2039","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat several types of cancer, including certain types of colorectal, lung, breast, and kidney cancers and glioblastoma. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Avastin binds to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent and a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic cytokine. Bevacizumab binds to VEGF and inhibits VEGF receptor binding, thereby preventing the growth and maintenance of tumor blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGF Humanized Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGF rhuMAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avastin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avastin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BEVACIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BP102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP102 Biosimilar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar BEVZ92","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar BI 695502","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar CBT 124","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar CT-P16","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar FKB238","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar GB-222","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar HD204","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar HLX04","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar IBI305","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar LY01008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar MIL60","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar Mvasi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar QL 1101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar RPH-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar SCT501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab Biosimilar Zirabev","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab awwb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab-awwb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Bevacizumab-bvzr","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"HD204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1 (Human-Mouse Monoclonal rhuMab-VEGF Gamma-Chain Anti-Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor), Disulfide With Human-Mouse Monoclonal rhuMab-VEGF Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mvasi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Humanized Anti-VEGF Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCT501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zirabev","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bevacizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rhuMab-VEGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"704865"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796392"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"216974-75-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Metastatic Colorectal Cancer, Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, glioblastoma; Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma; persistent, recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer; epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2S9ZZM9Q9V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43234"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43234"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bevacizumab"}]}}{"C1635":{"preferredName":"Bexarotene","code":"C1635","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat skin problems caused by cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that have not gotten better after other treatment. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Bexarotene is a type of retinoid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic retinoic acid agent with potential antineoplastic, chemopreventive, teratogenic and embryotoxic properties. Bexarotene selectively binds to and activates retinoid X receptors (RXRs), thereby inducing changes in gene expression that lead to cell differentiation, decreased cell proliferation, apoptosis of some cancer cell types, and tumor regression. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-methyl TTNEB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-[1-(5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-2-naphthalenyl)ethenyl]benzoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEXAROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bexarotene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bexarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Bexarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGD1069","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGD1069","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Targretin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Targretin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"bexarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0765273"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"153559-49-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Oral or topical treatment of cutaneous manifestations of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL)."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A61RXM4375"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42117"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42117"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H28O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bexarotene"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50859"}]}}{"C131905":{"preferredName":"BF-200 Gel Formulation","code":"C131905","definitions":[{"description":"A topical nanoemulsion-based gel formulation containing 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a metabolic precursor of the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX, with a potential application for enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) for various precancerous and malignant skin lesions. After topical administration of a thick layer of the ALA-based BF-200 gel formulation to the affected area, ALA penetrates the skin and is intracellularly converted to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Exposure of PpIX to the proper excitation wavelength of light generates singlet oxygen molecules, resulting in a local cytotoxic effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BF-200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BF-200 ALA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BF-200 Gel Formulation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3490787"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786308"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786308"}]}}{"C114384":{"preferredName":"BH3 Mimetic ABT-737","code":"C114384","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective small molecule B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) Homology 3 (BH3) mimetic, with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. ABT-737 binds to the hydrophobic groove of multiple members of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein family, including Bcl-2, Bcl-xl and Bcl-w. This inhibits the activity of these pro-survival proteins and restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells, via activation of Bak/Bax-mediated apoptosis. The pro-survival Bcl-2 proteins are overexpressed in many cancers and play important roles in the regulation of apoptosis. Their expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival. ABT-737 does not inhibit the pro-survival proteins Mcl-1, Bcl-B, Bfl-1 (A1); therefore, tumors that overexpress these Bcl-2 family proteins are resistant to ABT-737.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-737","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-737","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BH3 Mimetic ABT-737","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, 4-(4-((4'-Chloro(1,1'-biphenyl)-2-yl)methyl)-1-piperazinyl)-n-((4-(((1r)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-((phenylthio)methyl)propyl)amino)-3-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1570187"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z5NFR173NV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758552"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758552"}]}}{"C99224":{"preferredName":"Bi-functional Alkylating Agent VAL-083","code":"C99224","definitions":[{"description":"A bi-functional alkylating agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, VAL-083 crosses the blood brain barrier (BBB) and appears to be selective for tumor cells. This agent alkylates and crosslinks DNA which ultimately leads to a reduction in cancer cell proliferation. In addition, VAL-083 does not show cross-resistance to other conventional chemotherapeutic agents and has a long half-life in the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bi-functional Alkylating Agent VAL-083","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bi-functional Alkylating Agent VAL-083","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAL-083","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAL083","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"132313"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433054"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"718929"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"718929"}]}}{"C1599":{"preferredName":"Bicalutamide","code":"C1599","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antiandrogens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, nonsteroidal antiandrogen. Bicalutamide competitively binds to cytosolic androgen receptors in target tissues, thereby inhibiting the receptor binding of androgens. This agent does not bind to most mutated forms of androgen receptors. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+/-)-N-[4-Cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Cyano-alpha,alpha,alpha-trifuloro-3-[(p-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-methyl-m-lactotoluidide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Cyano-3-trifluoromethyl-N-(3-p-fluorophenylsulfonyl-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionyl)aniline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BICALUTAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bicalutamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bicalutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Bicalutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Casodex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cosudex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI 176,334","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI 176334","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-Cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]3-3[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bicalutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"722665"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0285590"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"90357-06-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Metastatic prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A0Z3NAU9DP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41298"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41298"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H14F4N2O4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bicalutamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3090"}]}}{"C111898":{"preferredName":"Bimiralisib","code":"C111898","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pan inhibitor of phosphoinositide-3-kinases (PI3K) and inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Bimiralisib inhibits the PI3K kinase isoforms alpha, beta, gamma and delta and, to a lesser extent, mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in cells overexpressing PI3K/mTOR. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. As mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K, this agent may potentially be more potent than an agent that inhibits either PI3K kinase or mTOR kinase. By inhibiting mTOR to a lesser extent than PI3K, PQR309 does not interfere with the mTOR-mediated negative feedback loop on PI3K signaling. Blocking the negative feedback loop would potentially increase PI3K signaling and decrease therapeutic efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyridinamine, 5-(4,6-Di-4-morpholinyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIMIRALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bimiralisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PQR-309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PQR309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454230"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1225037-39-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6Z3QHB00LB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753407"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753407"}]}}{"C589":{"preferredName":"Binetrakin","code":"C589","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant agent chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4). Produced primarily by activated T-cells, IL-4 binds to and activates its cell-surface receptor, stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of activated B-cells and enhancing their ability to present antigens to T-cells. As a potential immunotherapeutic agent, binetrakin also augments the effects of other cytokines on dendritic cells (DC), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Cell Proliferating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Growth Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Stimulatory Factor 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCSF 1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BINETRAKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Binetrakin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Interleukin 4 (Human) 129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Interleukin-4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCGF 2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Growth Factor-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RHIL-4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human IL-4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 93400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Growth Factor 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"620211"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"618085"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522540"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"207137-56-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"751635Z921"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39324"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39324"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interleukin-4"}]}}{"C84865":{"preferredName":"Binimetinib","code":"C84865","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 and 2 (MEK1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Binimetinib, noncompetitive with ATP, binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1/2. Inhibition of MEK1/2 prevents the activation of MEK1/2 dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling. This may eventually lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and an inhibition in production of various inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1, -6 and tumor necrosis factor. MEK1/2 are dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinases that play key roles in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and are often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARRY-162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY-438162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BINIMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Binimetinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Binimetinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mektovi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830125"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"in combination with encorafenib, for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma with a BRAF V600E or V600K mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"181R97MR71"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653635"}]}}{"C124229":{"preferredName":"Bintrafusp Alfa","code":"C124229","definitions":[{"description":"A bifunctional fusion protein composed of avelumab, an anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) human monoclonal antibody, bound to the soluble extracellular domain of human transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) receptor type II (TGFbetaRII), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint modulating activities. Upon administration, the TGFbetaRII moiety of bintrafusp alfa binds to and neutralizes TGFbeta while the avelumab moiety simultaneously binds to PD-L1. This prevents TGFbeta- and PD-L1-mediated signaling, and increases natural killer (NK) cell and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activities. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. TGFbeta and PD-L1 are both upregulated in certain types of cancers; their overexpression is associated with increased evasion of immune surveillance and contributes to poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/TGFbetaRII Fusion Protein M7824","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PDL1/TGFb Trap MSB0011359C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BINTRAFUSP ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bintrafusp Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M7824","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB0011359C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502609"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1918149-01-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NW9K8C1JN3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795582"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795582"}]}}{"C103298":{"preferredName":"Birabresib","code":"C103298","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, small molecule inhibitor of the BET (Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal) family of bromodomain-containing proteins 2, 3 and 4 with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, birabresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histone peptides. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, including c-Myc-dependent target genes, may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of bromodomain at the N-terminus, the BET proteins BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 are transcriptional regulators that play an important role in cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6H-Thieno(3,2-f)(1,2,4)triazolo(4,3-a)(1,4)diazepine-6-acetamide, 4-(4-Chlorophenyl)-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-, (6S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIRABRESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BRD 2/3/4 Inhibitor OTX015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Birabresib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Birabresib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8628","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OTX015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641185"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"202590-98-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X40LKS49S3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742152"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742152"}]}}{"C88295":{"preferredName":"Birinapant","code":"C88295","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small molecule that is both a peptidomimetic of second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (SMAC) and inhibitor of IAP (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein) family proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. As a SMAC mimetic and IAP antagonist, birinapant selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of IAPs, such as X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and cellular IAPs 1 (cIAP1) and 2 (cIAP2), with a greater effect on cIAP1 than cIAP2. Since IAPs shield cancer cells from the apoptosis process, this agent may restore and promote the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways in cancer cells and inactivate the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB)-mediated survival pathway. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types. They are able to suppress apoptosis by binding to, via their baculoviral lAP repeat (BIR) domains, and inhibiting active caspases-3, -7 and -9. IAP overexpression promotes both cancer cell survival and chemotherapy resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIRINAPANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Birinapant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Birinapant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanamide, N,N'-[(6,6'-difluoro[2,2'-bi-1H-indole]-3,3'-diyl)bis[methylene[(2R,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,1-pyrrolidinediyl][(1S)-1-ethyl-2-oxo-2,1-ethanediyl]]]bis[2-(methylamino)-,(2S,2'S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL32711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3658709"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1260251-31-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6O4Z07B57R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657946"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657946"}]}}{"C62514":{"preferredName":"Tiomolibdate Choline","code":"C62514","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. ATN-224 also blocks enzymes that cells need to divide and grow, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent and a type of superoxide dismutase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active second generation tetrathiomolybdate analog with anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Tiomolibdate choline selectively chelates the copper ion in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in endothelial cells, thereby depleting SOD1 of copper and inhibiting its activity. Inhibition of SOD1 interferes with the activation of several signal transduction pathways required for cellular proliferation and angiogenesis, including those mediated by ERK1/2 and FAK and Src kinases. This results in an inhibition of cell proliferation and angiogenesis as well as induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALXN-1840","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATN 224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATN-224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATN-224","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Bis(choline)tetrathiomolybdate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethanaminium, 2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-Trimethyl-, (T-4)-Tetrathioxomolybdate(2-) (2:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOD1 Inhibitor ATN-224","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOD1 inhibitor ATN-224","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TIOMOLIBDATE CHOLINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tiomolibdate Choline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WTX-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WTX101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831930"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"649749-10-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FD57A79R4P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500040"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500040"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C5H14NO.MoS4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ATN-224"}]}}{"C1019":{"preferredName":"Bisantrene","code":"C1019","definitions":[{"description":"An anthracenyl bishydrazone with antineoplastic activity. Bisantrene intercalates with and disrupts the configuration of DNA, resulting in DNA single-strand breaks, DNA-protein crosslinking, and inhibition of DNA replication. This agent is similar to doxorubicin in activity, but unlike doxorubicin, does not exhibit cardiotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9,10-Anthracenedicarboxakdehyde Bis[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)hydrazone]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9,10-Anthracenedicarboxaldehyde Bis(2-imidazolin-2-yl)hydrazone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BISANTRENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bisantrene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"337766"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053776"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"78186-34-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"39C34M111K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H22N8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bisantrene"}]}}{"C77218":{"preferredName":"Bisantrene Hydrochloride","code":"C77218","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an anthracenyl bishydrazone with antineoplastic activity. Bisantrene intercalates with and disrupts the helical structure of DNA, resulting in DNA single-strand breaks, DNA-protein crosslinking, and inhibition of DNA replication. This agent is similar to doxorubicin in activity, but unlike doxorubicin, does not exhibit cardiotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9,10,Anthracenedicarboxaldehyde Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9,10-Anthracenedicarboxakdehyde Bis[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)hydrazone] Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9,10-Anthracenedicarboxaldehyde Bis(2-imidazolin-2-yl)hydrazone Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BISANTRENE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bisantrene Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bisantrene Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL 216942","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CL-216942","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orange Crush","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zantrene","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"337766"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0955176"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"71439-68-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"74GNV897RO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39136"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39136"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H22N8.2HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bisantrene_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C73611":{"preferredName":"Bisnafide","code":"C73611","definitions":[{"description":"A bis-naphthalimide compound with anticancer activity. Bisnafide selectively intercalates guanine-cytosine (GC) rich regions of DNA, thereby interfering with DNA replication machinery and activity of topoisomerase II. As a result, this agent causes potent cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BISNAFIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bisnafide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMP 840","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0250021"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"144849-63-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"62H4W26906"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H28N6O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bisnafide"}]}}{"C73307":{"preferredName":"Bisnafide Dimesylate","code":"C73307","definitions":[{"description":"The dimesylate salt form of bisnafide, a bis-naphthalimide compound with anticancer activity. Bisnafide selectively intercalates guanine-cytosine (GC) rich regions of DNA, thereby interfering with DNA replication machinery and activity of topoisomerase II. As a result, this agent causes potent cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BISNAFIDE DIMESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bisnafide Dimesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347031"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"145124-30-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J30IBO0LMA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H28N6O8.2CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bisnafide_Dimesylate"}]}}{"C2399":{"preferredName":"Bispecific Antibody 2B1","code":"C2399","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Specific for both the immunoglobulin G (IgG) receptor CD16 and c-erbB-2, bispecific antibody 2B1 may enhance cellular immune responses against c-erbB-2-positive cells, resulting in increased tumor cell lysis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2B1 Antibody, Bispecific","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2B1 Bispecific MAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2B1 Bispecific Murine MAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody 2B1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 2B1 Bispecific","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bsAb 2B1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"673928"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338223"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42286"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42286"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bispecific_Antibody_2B1"}]}}{"C1578":{"preferredName":"Bispecific Antibody MDX-H210","code":"C1578","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized bivalent antibody directed against both cytotoxic effector cells expressing Fc gamma receptor type I (Fc gammaRI, or CD64) and HER2/neu-overexpressing tumor cells with potential antineoplastic activity. Bispecific antibody MDX-H210 was constructed by chemically linking Fab' fragments of the anti-HER2/neu-specific monoclonal antibody 520C9 and the Fab' fragments of the anti-Fc gammaRI-specific monoclonal antibody H22. This agent selectively binds to both HER2/neu-expressing tumor cells and Fc gammaRI-expressing cytotoxic effector cells, which may trigger antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and cell lysis of HER2/neu-expressing tumor cells. While HER2/neu is overexpressed in a variety of epithelial malignancies, expression of Fc gammaRI is primarily found in cytotoxic immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and cytokine-activated polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"520C9x22 Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"520C9xH22 Bispecific Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody, Bispecific 520C9xH22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody 520C9 x H22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody MDX-H210","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody MDXH210","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BsAb 520C9x22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BsAb 520C9xH22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-H210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281736"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42227"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42227"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bispecific_Antibody_520C9XH22"}]}}{"C2207":{"preferredName":"Bispecific Antibody MDX447","code":"C2207","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Specific for both the high-affinity immunoglobulin G (IgG) receptor CD64 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), bispecific antibody MDX447 may enhance cellular immune responses against EGFR positive cells, resulting in increased tumor cell lysis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody MDX447","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BsAb MDX447","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 82633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX 447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879492"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37952"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37952"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bispecific_Antibody_MDX447"}]}}{"C163996":{"preferredName":"Bisthianostat","code":"C163996","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pan-inhibitor of human histone deacetylase (HDAC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bisthianostat selectively binds to and inhibits HDACs, which inhibits deacetylation of histone proteins and leads to the accumulation of highly acetylated histones. This may result in an induction of chromatin remodeling, the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes. This prevents cell division, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This may inhibit the proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor cell types, are a family of enzymes that deacetylate histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bisthianostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CF367","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CFH367 C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CFH367-C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CFH367C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PY-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977258"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799197"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799197"}]}}{"C151943":{"preferredName":"Bivalent BRD4 Inhibitor AZD5153","code":"C151943","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable bivalent inhibitor of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BRD4 inhibitor AZD5153 selectively binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in two bromodomains in the BRD4 protein, thereby preventing the binding of BRD4 to acetylated lysines on histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and dysregulates expression of target genes, which leads to the downregulation of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, induces apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation of BRD4-overexpressing tumor cells. BRD4, a member of the human bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, is a transcriptional regulator that is overexpressed in certain tumor cells and plays an important role in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-4-(2-(4-(1-(3-Methoxy-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-6-yl)piperidin-4-yl)phenoxy)ethyl)-1,3-dimethylpiperazin-2-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD 5153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD5153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BET Inhibitor AZD5153","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRD4/BET Bromodomain Antagonist AZD5153","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bivalent BET Bromodomain Inhibitor AZD5153","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bivalent BRD4 Inhibitor AZD5153","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bivalent BRD4 Inhibitor AZD5153","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553171"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1869912-39-9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793144"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793144"}]}}{"C1472":{"preferredName":"Bizelesin","code":"C1472","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents. It is also an antitumor antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic cyclopropylpyrroloindole antineoplastic antibiotic. Bizelesin binds to the minor groove of DNA and induces interstrand cross-linking of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis. Bizelesin also enhances p53 and p21 induction and triggers G2/M cell-cycle arrest, resulting in cell senescence without apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIZELESIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Benzo(1,2-b:4,3-b')dipyrrol-4-ol, 6,6'-(carbonylbis(imino-1H-indole-5,2-diylcarbonyl))bis(8-(chloromethyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-methyl-, (S-(R*,R*)))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzo[1,2-b:4,3-b']dipyrrol-4-ol, 6, 6'-[carbonylbis(imino- 1H-indole-5, 2-diylcarbonyl)]bis[8-(chloromethyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-methyl-, (S-(R*,R*))]","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bizelesin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bizelesin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"U-77779","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bizelesin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"615291"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0209891"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"129655-21-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L0O9OBI87E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42688"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42688"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C43H36Cl2N8O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bizelesin"}]}}{"C1842":{"preferredName":"BL22 Immunotoxin","code":"C1842","definitions":[{"description":"A bacterial toxic substance linked to an antibody that attaches to cancer cells and kills them. It belongs to the family of drugs called bacterial immunotoxins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant immunotoxin consisting of the Fv portion of the anti-CD22 antibody RFB4 fused to a fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin-A with potential antineoplastic activity. BL22 immunotoxin binds to CD22, an antigen expressed in B-cell malignancies, thereby delivering its toxin directly to tumor cells. The toxin moiety induces caspase-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage; it also blocks translational elongation via binding to elongation factor-2 in eukaryotic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD22 Recombinant Immunotoxin BL22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL22 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL22 Immunotoxin [RFB4(dsFv)-PE38]","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL22 immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CAT 3888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAT-3888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAT3888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin BL22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RFB4(dsFv)-PE38 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"691237"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796473"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43322"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43322"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BL22_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C26647":{"preferredName":"Black Cohosh","code":"C26647","definitions":[{"description":"An eastern North American perennial herb. A substance obtained from the root of the plant has been used in some cultures to treat a number of medical problems. It is being studied in the treatment of hot flashes and other symptoms of menopause. The scientific name is Cimicifuga racemosa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A triterpene-containing herb isolated from the roots and rhizomes of the plant Cimicifuga racemosa (also known as Actaea racemosa). While the mechanism of action of black cohosh is not completely understood, it appears to act as a selective estrogen receptor modulator. In vitro, this preparation has been shown to induce cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis of estrogen-sensitive breast cancer cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Actaea racemosa Root","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLACK COHOSH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Black Cohosh","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cimicifuga racemosa Root","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cimicifugae racemosae Rhizoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fariy Candle Root","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Remifemin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"black cohosh","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"black snakeroot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"bugbane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"bugwort","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rattlesnake root","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771967"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K73E24S6X9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"302635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"302635"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Black_Cohosh"}]}}{"C122398":{"preferredName":"Black Raspberry Nectar","code":"C122398","definitions":[{"description":"A concentrated fruit juice containing black raspberries, with potential antioxidant, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic and chemopreventive activities. In addition to vitamins, minerals and phytosterols, black raspberries are rich in phenolic acids, such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, anthocyanidins, and flavonoids. Upon oral administration, the phytochemicals in the black raspberry nectar inhibit the activation of several signal transduction pathways involved in carcinogenesis and the expression of downstream target genes that are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types. In addition, the phytochemicals in black raspberry may protect the oral microbiome and may enhance the bacterial defense against pathogens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRB Nectar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Black Raspberry Nectar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055378"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772463"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772463"}]}}{"C313":{"preferredName":"Bleomycin","code":"C313","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug that is used to treat many types of cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It comes from the bacterium Streptomyces verticillus. Bleomycin damages DNA and may kill rapidly growing cancer cells. It is a type of antineoplastic antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mixture of glycopeptide antineoplastic antibiotics isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces verticillus. Bleomycin forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA; these reactive oxygen species also induce lipid peroxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, and alterations in prostaglandin synthesis and degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLEO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLEOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BLM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bleomycin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bleomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Bleomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"bleomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"125066"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005740"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"11056-06-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"40S1VHN69B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bleomycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3139"}]}}{"C311":{"preferredName":"Bleomycin A2","code":"C311","definitions":[{"description":"The primary bleomycin species in bleomycin sulfate, a mixture of the sulfate salts of several basic glycopeptide antineoplastic antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces verticillus. Bleomycin A2 forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA; these reactive oxygen species also induce lipid peroxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, and alterations in prostaglandin synthesis and degradation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLEOMYCIN A2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BLEOMYCIN A2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bleomycin A2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1-(3-(Dimethylsulfonio)propyl)bleomycinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pingyangmycin A2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zhengguangmycin A2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"146842"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005736"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"11116-31-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"13M89UEA7W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C55H84N17O21S3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bleomycin_A2"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3139"}]}}{"C81672":{"preferredName":"Bleomycin B2","code":"C81672","definitions":[{"description":"One of the primary bleomycin species in bleomycin sulfate, a mixture of the sulfate salts of glycopeptide bleomycin A2 and B2 isolated from Streptomyces verticillus with potential antineoplastic activity. Bleomycin B2 forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA; these reactive oxygen species also induce lipid peroxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, and alterations in prostaglandin synthesis and degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLEOMYCIN B2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bleomycin B2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycinamide, N1-(4-((aminoiminomethyl)amino)butyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dehydrophleomycin D1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1-(4-((Aminoiminomethyl)amino)butyl)bleomycinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phleomycin D2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005738"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9060-10-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M62KK37O40"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C55H84N20O21S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bleomycin_B2"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28641"}]}}{"C312":{"preferredName":"Bleomycin Sulfate","code":"C312","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat many types of cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It comes from the bacterium Streptomyces verticillus. Blenoxane that damages DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antineoplastic antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mixture of the sulfate salts of basic glycopeptide antineoplastic antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces verticillus. Bleomycin sulfate forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA; these reactive oxygen species also induce lipid peroxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, and alterations in prostaglandin synthesis and degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLEOMYCIN SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Blanoxan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BleMomycine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blenoxane","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blenoxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Blenoxane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bleo-S","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleo-cell","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleocin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleocin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bleolem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycin Sulfas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycin Sulfate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bleomycin Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Bleomycin Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycin Sulphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycin sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bleomycini Sulfas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blexane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oil Bleo","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bleomycin sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005739"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9041-93-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck; penis; cervix and vulva; Hodgkins and; non-Hodgkins lymphoma; testicular embryonal cell and ovarian carcinoma; chorio- and teratocarcinoma; malignant pleural effusion; melanoma; sarcoma; ovary germ cell tumor"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7DP3NTV15T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39139"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39139"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bleomycin_Sulphate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:34582"}]}}{"C62528":{"preferredName":"Blinatumomab","code":"C62528","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, single-chain, anti-CD19/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Blinatumomab possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD19, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of B cells. This bispecific monoclonal antibody brings CD19-expressing tumor B-cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and helper T lymphocytes (HTLs) together, which may result in the CTL- and HTL-mediated cell death of CD19-expressing B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/Anti-CD3 Recombinant Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MT103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLINATUMOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Blinatumomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Blinatumomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blincyto","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-538","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT-103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3853839"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"853426-35-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4FR53SIF3A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487684"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487684"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD19_Anti-CD3_Bispecific_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C98108":{"preferredName":"Blueberry Powder Supplement","code":"C98108","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, dietary supplement consisting of lyophilized blueberry powder, with antioxidant and potential chemopreventive and chemosensitizing activity. In addition to vitamins and minerals, blueberries are rich in phytonutrients, such as proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins (e.g. malvidin, delphinidin, pelargonidin, cyanidin, petunidin, and peonidin), hydroxycinnamic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids, pterostilbene, resveratrol, and flavonols (e.g. kaempferol, quercetin and myricetin). Although the exact mechanism of action through which blueberries may exert their anti-tumor effect has yet to be fully elucidated, the effects of blueberry powder on cancer cells may be attributable to the phytonutrient's antioxidant and pro-apoptotic activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blueberry Powder Supplement","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Blueberry Powder Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430627"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710970"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710970"}]}}{"C121645":{"preferredName":"Unesbulin","code":"C121645","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active inhibitor of the polycomb ring finger oncogene BMI1 (B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, unesbulin targets BMI1 expressed by both tumor cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs), and induces hyper-phosphorylation of BMI1 leading to its degradation. This inhibits BMI1-mediated signal transduction pathways and results in a reduction of proliferation of BMI1-expressing tumor cells. BMI1, a key protein in the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1), is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types, and plays a key role in CSC survival, proliferation and resistance to chemotherapeutics; its expression is associated with increased tumor aggressiveness and a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PTC596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polycomb Ring Finger Oncogene Inhibitor PTC596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UNESBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Unesbulin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Unesbulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053603"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z4HZ70S62Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770799"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770799"}]}}{"C1843":{"preferredName":"BMS-184476","code":"C1843","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 7-methylthiomethyl ether derivative of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. BMS-184476 binds to and stabilizes the resulting microtubules, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell- cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-O-[(Methylthio)methyl]paclitaxel","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-184476","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-184476","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BMS-184476","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-184476","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"beta-(Benzoylamino)-a-hydroxybenzenepropanoic Acid (aR,bS)-(2aR,4S,4aS,6R,9S,11S,12S,12aR,12bS)-6,12b-Bis(acetyloxy)-12-(benzoyloxy)-2a,3,4,4a,5,6,9,10,11,12,12a,12b-dodecahydro-11-hydroxy-4a,8,13,13-tetramethyl-4-[(methylthio)methoxy]-5-oxo-7,11-methano-1H","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta-(Benzoylamino)-alpha-hydroxybenzenepropanoic Acid (aR,bS)-(2aR,4S,4aS,6R,9S,11S,12S,12aR,12bS)-6,12b-Bis(acetyloxy)-12-(benzoyloxy)-2a,3,4,4a,5,6,9,10,11,12,12a,12b-dodecahydro-11-hydroxy-4a,8,13,13-tetramethyl-4-[(methylthio)methoxy]-5-oxo-7,11-methano-1H","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796479"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"160237-25-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3811W2NBZ8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43331"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43331"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BMS-184476"}]}}{"C1859":{"preferredName":"BMS-188797","code":"C1859","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called taxane analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An analog of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. BMS-188797 binds to and stabilizes the resulting microtubules, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell- cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-188797","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-188797","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"BMS-188797","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BMS-188797","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-188797","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879485"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"427896-23-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0HG7S0S581"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37942"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37942"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BMS-188797"}]}}{"C1856":{"preferredName":"BMS-214662","code":"C1856","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called farnesyltransferase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nonsedating benzodiazepine derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Farnesyltransferase inhibitor BMS-214662 inhibits the enzyme farnesyltransferase and the post-translational farnesylation of number of proteins involved in signal transduction, which may result in the inhibition of Ras function and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. This agent may reverse the malignant phenotype of H-Ras-transformed cells and has been shown to be active against tumor cells with and without Ras mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-Cyano-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-(1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)-3-(phenylmethyl)-4-(2-thienylsulfonyl)-1H-1,4-Benzodiazepine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-214662","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-214662","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BMS-214662","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BMS-214662","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-214662","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"FTI BMS 214662","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"710086"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1306120"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"195987-41-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L2U9GFD244"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37852"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37852"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BMS214662"}]}}{"C62639":{"preferredName":"BMS-275183","code":"C62639","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, C-4 methyl carbonate analog of paclitaxel with potential antineoplastic activity. Like paclitaxel, BMS-275183 binds to tubulin and stabilizes microtubules, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and an induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-275183","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BMS-275183","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1098058"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UQC681JJIV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415311"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415311"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BMS-275183"}]}}{"C102878":{"preferredName":"Boanmycin Hydrochloride","code":"C102878","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of boanmycin (aka bleomycin A6), a component of the antibiotic bleomycin produced by Streptomyces species, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, boanmycin forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. This causes single- and double-stranded DNA breaks which eventually leads to cell death. Compared to bleomycin, boanmycin appears to have a more favorable toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAM HCl","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bleomycin A6 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Boanmycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437181"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738501"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738501"}]}}{"C2405":{"preferredName":"Boronophenylalanine-Fructose Complex","code":"C2405","definitions":[{"description":"A substance used in a type of radiation therapy called boron neutron capture therapy. BPA-F is injected into a vein, and becomes concentrated in tumor cells. The patient then receives radiation treatment with atomic particles called neutrons. The neutrons react with the boron in BPA-F, producing radioactive particles that kill the tumor cells without harming normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A boronated phenylalanine complexed with fructose to increase its solubility. When exposed to neutron irradiation, boronophenylalanine absorbs neutrons and self-destructs releasing short-range alpha radiation and 'recoil' lithium in tumor cells, resulting in alpha radiation-induced tumor cell death. This highly selective, localized radiotargeting of tumor cells, known as boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), spares adjacent normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BPA-F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Boronophenylalanine-Fructose Complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"boronophenylalanine-fructose complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"p-Boronophenylalanine-Fructose Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0289335"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42404"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42404"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Boronophenylalanine-Fructose_Complex"}]}}{"C1851":{"preferredName":"Bortezomib","code":"C1851","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat multiple myeloma. It is also used to treat mantle cell lymphoma in patients who have already received at least one other type of treatment and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Bortezomib blocks several molecular pathways in a cell and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of proteasome inhibitor and a type of dipeptidyl boronic acid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A dipeptide boronic acid analogue with antineoplastic activity. Bortezomib reversibly inhibits the 26S proteasome, a large protease complex that degrades ubiquinated proteins. By blocking the targeted proteolysis normally performed by the proteasome, bortezomib disrupts various cell signaling pathways, leading to cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and inhibition of angiogenesis. Specifically, the agent inhibits nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB, a protein that is constitutively activated in some cancers, thereby interfering with NF-kappaB-mediated cell survival, tumor growth, and angiogenesis. In vivo, bortezomib delays tumor growth and enhances the cytotoxic effects of radiation and chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BORTEZOMIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bortezomib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bortezomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bortezomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"LDP 341","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN341","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PS-341","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PS-341","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PS341","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Velcade","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[(1R)-3-Methyl-1-[[(2S)-1-oxo-3-phenyl-2-[(pyrazinylcarbonyl)amino]propyl]amino]butyl]boronic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"[(1R)-3-Methyl-1-[[(2S)-1-oxo-3-phenyl-2-[(pyrazinylcarbonyl)amino]propyl]amino]butyl]boronic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bortezomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"velcade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"681239"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1176309"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"179324-69-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Multiple Myeloma; Advanced Thyroid Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"69G8BD63PP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43560"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43560"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H25BN4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bortezomib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:52717"}]}}{"C60809":{"preferredName":"Bosutinib","code":"C60809","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic quinolone derivative and dual kinase inhibitor that targets both Abl and Src kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Unlike imatinib, bosutinib inhibits the autophosphorylation of both Abl and Src kinases, resulting in inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis. Because of the dual mechanism of action, this agent may have activity in resistant CML disease, other myeloid malignancies and solid tumors. Abl kinase is upregulated in the presence of the abnormal Bcr-abl fusion protein which is commonly associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Overexpression of specific Src kinases is also associated with the imatinib-resistant CML phenotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Anilino-3-quinolinecarbonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Anilinobenzo(g)quinoline-3-carbonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-[(2,4-dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)amino]-6-methoxy-7-[3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propoxy]quinoline-3-carbonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOSUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bosulif","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bosutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bosutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKI 606","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKI-606","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKI-606","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831731"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"380843-75-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5018V4AEZ0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467222"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467222"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H29Cl2N5O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bosutinib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:39112"}]}}{"C154440":{"preferredName":"Bosutinib Monohydrate","code":"C154440","definitions":[{"description":"The monohydrate form of bosutinib, a synthetic quinolone derivative and dual kinase inhibitor that targets both Abl and Src kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Unlike imatinib, bosutinib inhibits the autophosphorylation of both Abl and Src kinases, resulting in inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis. Because of the dual mechanism of action, this agent may have activity in resistant CML disease, other myeloid malignancies and solid tumors. Abl kinase is upregulated in the presence of the abnormal Bcr-abl fusion protein which is commonly associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Overexpression of specific Src kinases is also associated with the imatinib-resistant CML phenotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Quinolinecarbonitrile, 4-((2,4-Dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)amino)-6-methoxy-7-(3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propoxy)-, Hydrate (1:1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOSUTINIB MONOHYDRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bosulif","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bosutinib Monohydrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bosutinib Monohydrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKI-606 Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555365"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"918639-08-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"844ZJE6I55"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C153419":{"preferredName":"Botanical Agent BEL-X-HG","code":"C153419","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available botanically-based agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the components in BEL-X-HG may exert cytotoxic effects against cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BEL X HG","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEL-X-HG","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BELXHG","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Botanical Agent BEL X HG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Botanical Agent BEL-X-HG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554859"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793949"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793949"}]}}{"C129711":{"preferredName":"Botanical Agent LEAC-102","code":"C129711","definitions":[{"description":"A botanical-based formulation derived from the Taiwanese mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea, with potential antineoplastic activity, Upon administration, the components in LEAC-102 may exert cytotoxic effects against cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Botanical Agent LEAC-102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEAC 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEAC-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAIWANOFUNGUS CAMPHORATUS FRUITING BODY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512955"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3796H63LII"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784382"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784382"}]}}{"C2418":{"preferredName":"Bovine Cartilage","code":"C2418","definitions":[{"description":"Cartilage extracted from various parts of a cow and is proposed to stimulate the immune system and inhibit tumor cell growth. It was used in the 1950s and 60s to enhance wound healing. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bovine Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0106940"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42603"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42603"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bovine_Cartilage"}]}}{"C129717":{"preferredName":"Bozitinib","code":"C129717","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bozitinib selectively binds to c-Met, thereby inhibiting c-Met phosphorylation and disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APL-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APL101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bozitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bozitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBI-3103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBT-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLB-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLB1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512997"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784709"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784709"}]}}{"C107387":{"preferredName":"BP-Cx1-Platinum Complex BP-C1","code":"C107387","definitions":[{"description":"A combination agent composed of the benzo-poly-carbonic-acid polymer BP-Cx1 chelated to platinum with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intramuscular injection, the polymer moiety of BP-Cx1-Platinum Complex BP-C1 (BP-C1) alters the permeability of the cell membranes, which allows for increased penetration of platinum into tumor cells. In turn, platinum binds to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA and induces intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links. These cross-links result in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. In addition, the BP-Cx1 ligand is able to stimulate the innate immune system and upregulates a variety of cytokines including interferon, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and various interleukins (ILs) such as IL-6 and IL-25. In comparison to cisplatin and other platinum-based compounds, treatment with BP-C1 allows for less platinum administration, which reduces platinum-associated systemic toxicity and side effects, and enhances the safety profile while maintaining or improving its efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BP-C1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP-Cx1-Platinum Complex BP-C1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL449598"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751002"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751002"}]}}{"C1617":{"preferredName":"BR96-Doxorubicin Immunoconjugate","code":"C1617","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate composed of the chimeric monoclonal antibody BR96 chemically linked to the cytotoxic drug doxorubicin. The antibody moiety of BMS-182248-1 binds to Lewis Y, a cell surface antigen expressed on many solid tumor types. Thus, the doxorubicin conjugate is targeted specifically to Lewis Y-expressing tumor cells, where it intercalates with DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair, RNA synthesis and protein synthesis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-182248-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BR96-DOX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BR96-DOX immunoconjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BR96-Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BR96-Doxorubicin Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BR96-Doxorubicin Immunoconjugate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-15","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cBR96-Doxorubicin Immunoconjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0295525"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38477"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BR96-Doxorubicin_Immunoconjugate"}]}}{"C106267":{"preferredName":"Brachyury-expressing Yeast Vaccine GI-6301","code":"C106267","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of a heat-killed, recombinant form of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that is genetically modified to express the transcription factor brachyury protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, the brachyury-expressing yeast vaccine GI-6301 is recognized by dendritic cells, processed, and presented by Class I and II MHC molecules on the dendritic cell surface. This elicits a targeted CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response. This process kills brachyury-expressing tumor cells. Brachyury is overexpressed in a variety of tumor types and plays an important role in cancer progression and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brachyury-expressing Yeast Vaccine GI-6301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brachyury-expressing Yeast Vaccine GI-6301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GI-6301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433965"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724520"}]}}{"C155322":{"preferredName":"BRAF Inhibitor","code":"C155322","definitions":[{"description":"Any agent that inhibits the serine/threonine-protein kinase BRAF(B-RAF).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-RAF Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRAF Inhibitor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BRAF Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556869"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C94224":{"preferredName":"BRAF Inhibitor ARQ 736","code":"C94224","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, highly soluble phosphate prodrug of B-raf (BRAF) protein kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. BRAF inhibitor ARQ 736 is converted into its active form ARQ 680 in the presence of phosphatases. In turn, ARQ 680 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of oncogenic B-raf, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells expressing mutated B-raf gene. B-raf belongs to the raf/mil family of serine/threonine protein kinases and plays a role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERKs signaling pathway, which may be constitutively activated due to BRAF gene mutations. The valine to glutamic acid substitution at residue 600 (V600E) accounts for about 90% of BRAF gene mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AQ 736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ-736","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BRAF Inhibitor ARQ 736","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BRAF Inhibitor ARQ 736","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433988"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y2H4S74Y8U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688029"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688029"}]}}{"C113330":{"preferredName":"BRAF Inhibitor PLX8394","code":"C113330","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) protein with potential antineoplastic activity. BRAF inhibitor PLX8394 appears to selectively bind to and inhibit the activity of both wild-type and mutated forms of BRAF, which may subsequently inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells which express mutated forms of BRAF. This inhibitor appears to be effective against tumors that express multiple mutated forms of the kinase and may be an effective therapeutic agent for tumors that are resistant to other BRAF inhibitor therapies that are specific for the BRAF V600E mutant. BRAF, a member of the raf family of serine/threonine protein kinases, plays a role in the regulation of MAP kinase/ERK signaling pathways, which may be constitutively activated due to BRAF gene mutations. Mutated forms of BRAF are associated with a number of neoplastic diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAF Inhibitor PLX8394","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX8394","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827086"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756043"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756043"}]}}{"C92591":{"preferredName":"BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor RO5212054","code":"C92591","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small-molecule inhibitor of mutant (V600E) v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) with potential antineoplastic activity. BRAF(V600E) kinase inhibitor RO5212054 selectively binds to the ATP-binding site of BRAF(V600E) kinase and inhibits its activity, which may result in an inhibition of an over-activated MAPK signaling pathway downstream in BRAF(V600E) kinase-expressing tumor cells and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. The valine to glutamic acid substitution at residue 600 accounts for about 90% of BRAF gene mutations; the oncogenic product, BRAF(V600E) kinase, exhibits a markedly elevated activity that over-activates the MAPK signaling pathway. The BRAF(V600E) mutation has been found to occur in approximately 60% of melanomas, and in about 8% of all solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Raf Inhibitor RO5212054","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor RO5212054","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX3603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5212054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421616"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680347"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680347"}]}}{"C124995":{"preferredName":"Lifirafenib","code":"C124995","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Lifirafenib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of BRAF and certain BRAF mutant forms, and EGFR. This prevents BRAF- and EGFR-mediated signaling and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells that either contain a mutated BRAF gene or express over-activated EGFR. In addition, BGB-283 inhibits mutant forms of the Ras proteins K-RAS and N-RAS. BRAF and EGFR are mutated or upregulated in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BGB 283","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-283","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Begeine-283","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIFIRAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lifirafenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lifirafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503841"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1446090-79-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8762XZS5ZF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777271"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777271"}]}}{"C134967":{"preferredName":"BRAFV600/PI3K Inhibitor ASN003","code":"C134967","definitions":[{"description":"A selective inhibitor of mutated forms of B-RAF kinase at amino acid position 600 (BRAFV600), including BRAFV600E, the alpha, delta and, to a lesser extent, beta isoforms of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), including mutated forms of PI3KCA, which encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K, and the phosphatase and tensin homologs (PTEN) with loss-of-function mutation, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ASN003, this agent selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of BRAFV600 mutants as well as mutated isoforms of PI3K. This inhibits signaling through B-RAF- and PI3K/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)-mediated pathways and inhibits cellular proliferation in tumor cells with BRAFV600 mutations, those expressing PI3K and/or those driven by PTEN. Dysregulation of the B-RAF- and PI3K-mediated pathways is frequently seen in a variety of tumors and results in increased tumor cell growth and survival. Dual targeting of both pathways may increase efficacy and anti-tumor potential compared to the targeting of just one pathway by a selective B-RAF inhibitor or selective PI3K pathway inhibitor alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASN 003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASN-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASN003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRAFV600/PI3K Inhibitor ASN003","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BRAFV600/PI3K Inhibitor ASN003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522477"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789080"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789080"}]}}{"C146825":{"preferredName":"BRD4 Inhibitor PLX2853","code":"C146825","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BRD4 inhibitor PLX2853 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of the BRD4 protein, thereby preventing the binding of BRD4 to acetylated lysines on histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and dyregulates gene expression. This may lead to the downregulation of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, which may induce apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of BRD4-overexpressing tumor cells. BRD4, a member of the human bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, is a transcriptional regulator that is overexpressed in certain tumor cells and plays an important role in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRD4 Inhibitor PLX2853","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BRD4 Inhibitor PLX2853","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX 2853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX-2853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX2853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544855"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792077"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792077"}]}}{"C125739":{"preferredName":"BRD4 Inhibitor PLX51107","code":"C125739","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BRD4 inhibitor PLX51107 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of the BRD4 protein, thereby preventing the binding of BRD4 to acetylated lysines on histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an induction of apoptosis and an inhibition of proliferation in BRD4-overexpressing tumor cells. BRD4, a member of the human bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, is a transcriptional regulator that is overexpressed in certain tumor cells and plays an important role in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRD4 Inhibitor PLX51107","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BRD4 Inhibitor PLX51107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX 51107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX-51107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX-51107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PLX51107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504394"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W758F1L9ND"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779000"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779000"}]}}{"C28855":{"preferredName":"Breflate","code":"C28855","definitions":[{"description":"A water soluble analogue of the antineoplastic agent brefeldin A (BFA). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"13-(N,N-Dimethylglycyl)brefeldin A","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BREFLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Breflate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"656202"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0760968"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"174305-65-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1Y1QP4AO5M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Breflate"}]}}{"C2007":{"preferredName":"Brentuximab","code":"C2007","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that binds to cells that have the CD30 antigen on their surface, including Hodgkin disease cells and cells from anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. SGN-30 is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A genetically-engineered, chimeric mouse-human, anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Brentuximab specifically binds to the receptor CD-30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor super-family, which may be overexpressed on the surfaces of Hodgkin lymphoma cells and anaplastic-large cell lymphoma cells. After binding to CD30, this agent interferes with the G1 phase of the cell cycle, thereby inducing growth arrest and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRENTUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brentuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brentuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAC-10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAC10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody SGN-30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-30","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-30","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SGN30","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"731636"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328236"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C67ORA155P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357600"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357600"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SGN-30"}]}}{"C66944":{"preferredName":"Brentuximab Vedotin","code":"C66944","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) directed against the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor CD30 with potential antineoplastic activity. Brentuximab vedotin is generated by conjugating the chimeric anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody SGN-30 to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a valine-citrulline peptide linker. Upon administration and internalization by CD30-positive tumor cells, brentuximab vedotin undergoes enzymatic cleavage, releasing MMAE into the cytosol; MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. Transiently activated during lymphocyte activation, CD30 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 8;TNFRSF8) may be constitutively expressed in hematologic malignancies including Hodgkin lymphoma and some T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The linkage system in brentuximab vedotin is highly stable in plasma, resulting in cytotoxic specificity for CD30-positive cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SGN-35","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adcetris","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Antibody-Drug Conjugate SGN-35","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE SGN-35","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody-Monomethylauristatin E SGN-35","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brentuximab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brentuximab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-35","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cAC10-vcMMAE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2932409"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"914088-09-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma (HL); anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL); other CD30-expressing peripheral T-cell lymphomas"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7XL5ISS668"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530758"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530758"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C68H106N11O15S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SGN-35"}]}}{"C1560":{"preferredName":"Brequinar","code":"C1560","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic quinolinecarboxylic acid analogue with antineoplastic properties. Brequinar inhibits the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, thereby blocking de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. This agent may also enhance the in vivo antitumor effect of antineoplastic agents such as 5-FU. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Fluoro-2-(2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-methyl-4-quinolinecarboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BREQUINAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bipenquinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brequinar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280509"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"96187-53-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5XL19F49H6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40886"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40886"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H15F2NO2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Brequinar"}]}}{"C1078":{"preferredName":"Brequinar Sodium","code":"C1078","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt form of Brequinar. Brequinar inhibits the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, thereby blocking de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. This agent may also enhance the in vivo antitumor effect of antineoplastic agents such as 5-FU. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BREQUINAR SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brequinar Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brequinar sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DUP-785","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUP785","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium 6-Fluoro-2-(2'-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)-3-methyl-4-quinolinecarboxylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"368390"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0058809"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"96201-88-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"49EEF6HRUS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H14F2NO2.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Brequinar_Sodium"}]}}{"C90541":{"preferredName":"Briciclib Sodium","code":"C90541","definitions":[{"description":"A benzyl styryl sulfone analog, and a disodium phosphate ester prodrug of ON 013100, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon hydrolysis, briciclib is converted to ON 013100, which blocks cyclin D mRNA translation and decreases protein expression of cyclin D. This may induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells overexpressing cyclin D and eventually decrease tumor cell proliferation. This agent may exhibit synergistic antitumor activity in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. Cyclin D, a member of the cyclin family of cell cycle regulators, plays a key role in cell cycle division and is often overexpressed in a variety of hematologic and solid tumors and is correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methoxy-5-(((2-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)sulfonyl)methyl)phenyl Disodium Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRICICLIB SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Briciclib Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Briciclib Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ON 013105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenol, 2-Methoxy-5-((((1E)-2-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)sulfonyl)methyl)-, 1-(Dihydrogen Phosphate), Sodium Salt (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983737"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7C9N0VM8NR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"664346"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"664346"}]}}{"C98831":{"preferredName":"Brigatinib","code":"C98831","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Brigatinib binds to and inhibits ALK kinase and ALK fusion proteins as well as EGFR and mutant forms. This leads to the inhibition of ALK kinase and EGFR kinase, disrupts their signaling pathways and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cells. In addition, AP26113 appears to overcome mutation-based resistance. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development; ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. EGFR is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2-((5-Chloro-2-((2-methoxy-4-(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)phenyl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)phenyl)dimethyl-,delta5-phosphanone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Chloro-N4-[2-(dimethylphosphoryl)phenyl]-N2-{2-methoxy-4[4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl]phenyl}pyrimidine-2,4-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP 26113","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP-26113","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP26113","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Alunbrig","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRIGATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brigatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brigatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274459"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1197953-54-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HYW8DB273J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714373"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714373"}]}}{"C106235":{"preferredName":"Brilanestrant","code":"C106235","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, brilanestrant binds to the estrogen receptor and induces a conformational change that results in the degradation of the receptor. This may inhibit the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARN-810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRILANESTRANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brilanestrant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brilanestrant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7056118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD ARN-810","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827161"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9MM2R1A06R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748900"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748900"}]}}{"C158723":{"preferredName":"Brimonidine Tartrate Nanoemulsion OCU-300","code":"C158723","definitions":[{"description":"An ophthalmic nanoemulsion consisting of the tartrate salt form of brimonidine, an imidazole derivative and selective alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, with potential anti-inflammatory and vasoconstrictive activities. Upon ophthalmic instillation, brimonidine tartrate nanoemulsion OCU-300 reduces intraocular pressure by promoting the outflow and decreasing the production of aqueous humor and may reduce ocular erythema through direct vasoconstriction. Additionally, brimonidine may disrupt leukocyte extravasation into the ocular tissue, inhibit nociception and reduce inflammation associated with ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGvHD). The nanoemulsion formulation may enhance distribution of brimonidine to target tissues, thereby allowing more of the active drug to reach underlying ocular tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brimonidine Tartrate Nanoemulsion OCU-300","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brimonidine Tartrate Nanoemulsion OCU-300","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCU 300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCU-300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCU300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL950750"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797485"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797485"}]}}{"C67040":{"preferredName":"Brivanib","code":"C67040","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Brivanib may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyrrolotriazine-based compound and an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) with potential antineoplastic activity. BMS-540215 specifically targets and binds strongly to human VEGFR-2, a tyrosine kinase receptor and pro-angiogenic growth factor expressed almost exclusively on vascular endothelial cells. Blockade of VEGFR-2 by this agent may lead to an inhibition of VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell migration and proliferation, thereby inhibiting tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-1-(4-(4-Fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yloxy)-5- methylpyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-6-yloxy)propan- 2-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-540215","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRIVANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brivanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR2 Inhibitor BMS-540215","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"brivanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700604"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"649735-46-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DDU33B674I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539377"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539377"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H19FN4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BMS-540215"}]}}{"C53397":{"preferredName":"Brivanib Alaninate","code":"C53397","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Brivanib alaninate may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The alaninate salt of a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Brivanib strongly binds to and inhibits VEGFR2, a tyrosine kinase receptor expressed almost exclusively on vascular endothelial cells; inhibition of VEGFR2 may result in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, inhibition of tumor cell growth, and tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS 582664","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-582664","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRIVANIB ALANINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brivanib Alaninate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brivanib Alaninate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"brivanib alaninate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1701190"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"649735-63-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U2Y5OFN795"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462556"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462556"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H24FN5O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BMS-582664"}]}}{"C67088":{"preferredName":"Brivudine","code":"C67088","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of infections caused by herpesvirus, including herpes-zoster (shingles). It belongs to the family of drugs called antivirals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A uridine derivative and nucleoside analog with pro-apoptotic and chemosensitizing properties. In vitro, bromovinyl-deoxyuridine (BVDU) has been shown to downregulate the multifunctional DNA repair enzyme APEX nuclease 1, resulting in the inhibition of DNA repair and the induction of apoptosis. In addition, this agent may inhibit the expression of STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), which may result in the downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). BVDU has also been found to inhibit the upregulation of chemoresistance genes (Mdr1 and DHFR) during chemotherapy. Overall, the gene expression changes associated with BVDU treatment result in the decrease or prevention of chemoresistance. In addition, this agent has been shown to enhance the cytolytic activity of NK-92 natural killer cells towards a pancreatic cancer cell line in vitro.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRIVUDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BVDU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brivudine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brivudine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bromovinyl-Deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Helpin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trans-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"brivudine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"633770"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0163272"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"69304-47-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2M3055079H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577369"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577369"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H13BrN2O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Brivudine"}]}}{"C1882":{"preferredName":"Brivudine Phosphoramidate","code":"C1882","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied for its ability to make cancer cells respond to drugs to which they have become resistant. It is a type of nucleoside analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small molecule phosphoramidate derivative of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BVdU) with potential antineoplastic activity. Selectively active against tumor cells expressing high levels of thymidylate synthase (TS), brivudine is converted intracellularly by TS to bromovinyldeoxyuridine monophosphate (BVdUMP) which competes with the natural substrate, deoxyuridine monophosphate, for binding to TS. Unlike TS inhibitors, this agent is a reversible substrate for TS catalysis. Thus, TS retains activity and converts BVdUMP into cytotoxic metabolites. As key enzyme in the de novo synthesis of dTMP, TS is an enzyme critical to DNA biosynthesis and is overexpressed in many solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxy-5'-uridyl Phenyl L-methoxyalaninylphosphoramidate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVDU Prodrug","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVdU Phosphoramidate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brivudine Phosphoramidate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NB101.1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NB1011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NB1011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Thymectacin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0964443"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38549"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"NB1011"}]}}{"C70598":{"preferredName":"Broad-Spectrum Human Papillomavirus Vaccine V505","code":"C70598","definitions":[{"description":"A non-infectious recombinant cancer vaccine prepared from the human papillomavirus (HPV) with potential immunoprophylactic activity. Vaccination with broad-spectrum human papillomavirus vaccine V505 may stimulate the host immune system to mount humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses against HPV-infected cells. HPV infection, the cause of genital warts, is a risk factor for the development of cancers of the cervix, vagina, vulva, anus, and penis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Broad-Spectrum Human Papillomavirus Vaccine V505","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Broad-Spectrum Human Papillomavirus Vaccine V505","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V505","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL375942"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570766"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570766"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Broad-Spectrum_Human_Papillomavirus_Vaccine_V505"}]}}{"C128293":{"preferredName":"Broccoli Sprout/Broccoli Seed Extract Supplement","code":"C128293","definitions":[{"description":"A tablet-based nutritional supplement composed of a mixture of sprout and seed extracts of the cruciferous vegetable broccoli, with potential chemopreventive and antioxidant activities. Broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract contains a high amount of both the glycosinolate glucoraphanin and the enzyme myrosinase, which catalyzes the production of glucoraphanin to sulforaphane. Upon administration of the broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract, sulforaphane activates the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a member of the basic leucine zipper family, which binds to and activates antioxidant-response elements (AREs). Subsequently, activated AREs promote the transcription of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, particularly glutathione-S-transferase and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 (NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase; NQO1), resulting in the detoxification of highly reactive carcinogens. This accelerates the elimination of carcinogens, may protect against cellular damage, and prevents cancer formation. AREs are cis-acting regulatory enhancer elements found in the 5' flanking region of many phase II detoxification enzymes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Avmacol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Broccoli Sprout/Broccoli Seed Extract Supplement","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Broccoli Sprout/Broccoli Seed Extract Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507940"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782181"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782181"}]}}{"C73259":{"preferredName":"Bromacrylide","code":"C73259","definitions":[{"description":"A propenamide-based agent with antineoplastic activity. Bromacrylide has been shown to decrease tumor growth in animal models, but is accompanied with severe toxicity, including severe bone marrow suppression and weight loss.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BROMACRYLIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bromacrylide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347213"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4213-51-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"173648DEO8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H11BrN2O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bromacrylide"}]}}{"C72089":{"preferredName":"Bromebric Acid","code":"C72089","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of bromoacrylic acid with cytostatic and antineoplastic activity. Bromebric acid appears to inhibit purine synthesis, oxidative phosphorylation and DNA synthesis. This agent inhibits tumor cell growth and causes cell cycle arrest. This agent may also have some use in the phrophylaxis of migraine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-3-p-Anisoyl-3-bromoacrylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BROMEBRIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bromebric Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"104801"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054091"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5711-40-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FGE8818GWA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H9BrO4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bromebric_Acid"}]}}{"C317":{"preferredName":"Bromocriptine Mesylate","code":"C317","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt of bromocriptine, a semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with dopaminergic, antidyskinetic, and antiprolactinemic activities. Bromocriptine selectively binds to and activates postsynaptic dopamine D2 receptors in the corpus striatum of the central nervous system (CNS). Activation of these D2 receptors activate inhibitory G-proteins, which inhibit adenylyl cyclase, preventing signal transduction mediated via cAMP and resulting in the inhibition of neurotransmission and an antidyskinetic effect. This agent also stimulates dopamine D2 receptors in the anterior pituitary gland, which results in the inhibition of prolactin secretion and lactation and may inhibit the proliferation of prolactin-dependent breast cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Bromo-alpha-ergocryptine Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"BROMOCRIPTINE MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bromocriptine Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ergotaman-3',6',18-trione, 2-bromo-12'-hydroxy-2'-(1-methylethyl)-5'-(2-methylpropyl)-, monomethanesulfonate (salt), (5'alpha)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parlodel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0546852"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"22260-51-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FFP983J3OD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39165"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39165"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H40BrN5O5.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bromocriptine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3182"}]}}{"C103274":{"preferredName":"Brontictuzumab","code":"C103274","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the Notch-1 receptor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, brontictuzumab binds to Notch-1 on the cell surface, thereby inhibiting Notch-mediated signaling and tumor cell proliferation. Notch 1, a type 1 transmembrane protein belonging to the Notch family, functions as a receptor for membrane bound ligands and has various roles during development; dysregulated Notch signaling is associated with increased cell growth and chemoresistance in cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRONTICTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brontictuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brontictuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G2-lambda, Anti-(homo Sapiens Notch1 (Notch 1, Translocation-associated Notch-1, TAN-1,Tan1)), Humanized Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP-52M51","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438125"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1447814-75-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UNY2TQA40E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741867"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741867"}]}}{"C128040":{"preferredName":"Brostacillin Hydrochloride","code":"C128040","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Brostallicin hydrochloride binds to DNA and may kill cancer cells. It may also help other drugs kill cancer cells. It is a type of DNA minor groove binding agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of brostacillin, a synthetic, alpha-bromoacrylic, second-generation minor groove binder (MGB), related to distamycin A, with potential antineoplastic activity. Brostallicin binds to DNA minor groove DNA, after having formed a highly reactive glutathione (GSH)-brostallicin complex in the presence of the enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST), which is overexpressed in cancer cells; DNA replication and cell division are inhibited, resulting in tumor cell death. Compared to typical MGBs, this agent appears to bind covalently to DNA in a different manner and its activity does not depend on a functional DNA mismatch repair (MMR) mechanism. Accordingly, brostallicin may be effective against MMR-defective tumors that are refractory to various anticancer agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(2-Bromoacrylamido)-N'''-(2-guanidinoethyl)-1,1',1',1'''-tetramethyl-N,4':N',4':N',4'''-quater(pyrrole-2-carboxamide) Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BROSTALLICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brostacillin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU-166196 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"brostallicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509004"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"203258-38-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1DKC476797"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1889":{"preferredName":"Brostallicin","code":"C1889","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, alpha-bromoacrylic, second-generation minor groove binder (MGB), related to distamycin A, with potential antineoplastic activity. Brostallicin binds to DNA minor groove DNA, after having formed a highly reactive glutathione (GSH)-brostallicin complex in the presence of the enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST), which is overexpressed in cancer cells; DNA replication and cell division are inhibited, resulting in tumor cell death. Compared to typical MGBs, this agent appears to bind covalently to DNA in a different manner and its activity does not depend on a functional DNA mismatch repair (MMR) mechanism. Accordingly, brostallicin may be effective against MMR-defective tumors that are refractory to various anticancer agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(2-Bromoacrylamido)-N'''-(2-guanidinoethyl)-1,1',1',1'''-tetramethyl-N,4':N',4':N',4'''-quater(pyrrole-2-carboxamide)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BROSTALLICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Brostallicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Brostallicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU-166196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1122890"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"203258-60-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RPC6R41K4I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590644"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590644"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H35BrN12O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Brostallicin"}]}}{"C318":{"preferredName":"Broxuridine","code":"C318","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that makes cancer cells more sensitive to radiation and is also used as a diagnostic agent to determine how fast cancer cells grow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A halogenated thymidine analogue with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. Bromodeoxyuridine competes with thymidine for incorporation into DNA, resulting in DNA mutation and the inhibition of cell proliferation. As a radiosensitizer, this agent is associated with the inhibition of repair of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-BrdU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Bromodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Bromodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Bromouracil Deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Bromouracil deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Bromouracil-2-deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Bromouracil-2-deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Budr","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BRDU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BROXURIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BrdU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bromo Deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bromodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bromodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bromouracil Deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bromouracil deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bromouridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Broxine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Broxuridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Broxuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Broxuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Neomark","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neomark-BU","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"broxuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"38297"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006233"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"59-14-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G34N38R2N1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39168"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39168"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11BrN2O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bromodeoxyuridine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:472552"}]}}{"C1765":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol A","code":"C1765","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-3-en-21-oic Acid, 15-(benzoyloxy)-13,20-epoxy-1,11,12-trihydroxy-2,16-dioxo-, Methyl Ester, (1beta,11beta,12alpha,15beta)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0626930"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"101391-06-4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bruceanol_A"}]}}{"C1764":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol B","code":"C1764","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-3-en-21-oic Acid, 13,20-epoxy-1,11,12-trihydroxy-2,16-dioxo-15-((1-oxopentyl)oxy)-, Methyl Ester, (1beta,11beta,12alpha,15beta)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0626928"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"101391-05-3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bruceanol_B"}]}}{"C1768":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol C","code":"C1768","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-3-en-21-oic Acid, 15-((4-(acetyloxy)-3,4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy)-13,20-epoxy-1,11,12-trihydroxy-2,16-dioxo-, Methyl Ester, (1beta,11beta,12alpha,15beta(E))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0634036"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"114586-21-9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bruceanol_C"}]}}{"C1535":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol D","code":"C1535","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated form the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol D","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-3-en-21-oic Acid, 15-((3,4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy)-13,20-epoxy-1,11,12-trihydroxy-2,16-dioxo-, Methyl Ester, (1beta,11beta,12alpha,15beta(E))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0252924"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"152645-84-6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bruceanol_D"}]}}{"C1536":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol E","code":"C1536","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picrasan-21-oic Acid, 15-((3,4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy)-13,20-epoxy-1,11,12-trihydroxy-2,16-dioxo-, Methyl Ester, (1beta,11beta,12alpha,15beta(E))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"368672"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0252925"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"152645-85-7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bruceanol_E"}]}}{"C1537":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol F","code":"C1537","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-2-en-21-oic Acid, 15-((3,4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy)-13,20-epoxy-2,11,12-trihydroxy-1,16-dioxo-, Methyl Ester, (11beta,12alpha,15beta(E))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0252926"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"101910-72-9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bruceanol_F"}]}}{"C1694":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol G","code":"C1694","definitions":[{"description":"A natural quassinoid agent extracted from Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity that is cytotoxic to certain cancer cell lines. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol G","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0391118"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"168301-20-0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bruceanol_G"}]}}{"C1695":{"preferredName":"Bruceanol H","code":"C1695","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruceanol H","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0391119"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"168569-27-5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bruceanol_H"}]}}{"C1025":{"preferredName":"Bruceantin","code":"C1025","definitions":[{"description":"A triterpene quassinoid antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica. Bruceantin inhibits the peptidyl transferase elongation reaction, resulting in decreased protein and DNA synthesis. Bruceantin also has antiamoebic and antimalarial activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-3, 11c-(Epoxymethano)phenanthro[10,1-bc]pyran, Picras-3-en-21-oic Acid Derivative","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRUCEANTIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bruceantin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Bruceantin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-3-en-21-oic Acid, 15-[(3,4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy]-13,20-epoxy-3,11, 12-trihydroxy-2,16-dioxo-, Methyl Ester, (11beta,12alpha,15beta(E))","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picras-3-en-21-oic acid, 15-[(3, 4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy]-13,20-epoxy-3,11,12-trihydroxy-2, 16-dioxo-, methyl ester [11.beta.,12.alpha.,15.beta.(E)]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Picras-3-en-21-oic acid, 15-[(3, 4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy]-13,20-epoxy-3,11,12-trihydroxy-2, 16-dioxo-, methyl ester, [11.beta.,12.alpha.,15.beta.(E)]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"[11Beta,12alpha,15beta(E)]-15-[(3,4-dimethyl-1-oxo-2-pentenyl)oxy]-13,20-epoxy-3,11,12-trihydroxy-2,16-dioxopicras-3-en-21-oic Acid Methyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"165563"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054160"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"41451-75-6"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39169"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39169"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bruceantin"}]}}{"C1026":{"preferredName":"Bryostatin 1","code":"C1026","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer and certain brain conditions such as Alzheimer disease and stroke. It binds to an enzyme involved in cell growth and it may help anticancer drugs work better. Bryostatin 1 comes from a marine organism. It is a type of protein kinase C modulator.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A macrocyclic lactone isolated from the bryozoan Bugula neritina with antineoplastic activity. Bryostatin 1 binds to and inhibits the cell-signaling enzyme protein kinase C, resulting in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, the promotion of tumor cell differentiation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may act synergistically with other chemotherapeutic agents. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B705008K112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B705008K112","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BRYOSTATIN 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bryostatin 1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bryostatin 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bryostatin 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bryostatin I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"bryostatin 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"339555"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054173"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83314-01-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"37O2X55Y9E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41959"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41959"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C47H68O17"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bryostatin-1"}]}}{"C138066":{"preferredName":"BTK Inhibitor ARQ 531","code":"C138066","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available reversible inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ARQ 531 non-covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of both the wild-type and the C481S mutated form of BTK, a resistance mutation in the BTK active site in which cysteine is substituted for serine at residue 481. This prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. Compared to other BTK inhibitors, ARQ 531 does not require interaction with the BTK C481 site and inhibits the proliferation of cells harboring the BTK C481S mutation. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed or mutated in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARQ 531","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ-531","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ531","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor ARQ 531","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor ARQ 531","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ARQ 531","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525087"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790667"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790667"}]}}{"C138164":{"preferredName":"BTK Inhibitor CT-1530","code":"C138164","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CT-1530 binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK. This prevents both the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed or mutated in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor CT-1530","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT 1530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-1530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT1530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525731"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790538"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790538"}]}}{"C130001":{"preferredName":"BTK Inhibitor DTRMWXHS-12","code":"C130001","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DTRMWXHS-12 inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor DTRMWXHS-12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor DTRMWXHS-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTRMWXHS 12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTRMWXHS-12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513821"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784823"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784823"}]}}{"C156173":{"preferredName":"Orelabrutinib","code":"C156173","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, orelabrutinib binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK. This prevents both the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways, inhibiting the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed or mutated in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor ICP-022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICP 022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICP-022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICP022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORELABRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Orelabrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Orelabrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563002"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1655504-04-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WJA5UO9E10"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795368"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795368"}]}}{"C158617":{"preferredName":"BTK Inhibitor LOXO-305","code":"C158617","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, selective, non-covalent Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BTK inhibitor LOXO-305 selectively and reversibly binds to BTK. This prevents both the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways, thereby inhibiting the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. Reversible binding of LOXO-305 may preserve antitumor activity in the presence of certain acquired resistance mutations, including C481 mutated BTK, and limit toxicity associated with inhibition of other non-BTK kinases. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed or mutated in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor LOXO-305","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor LOXO-305","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO 305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO-305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL950650"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797383"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797383"}]}}{"C129710":{"preferredName":"BTK Inhibitor M7583","code":"C129710","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, M7583 targets and covalently binds to BTK, thereby preventing its activity. This leads to an inhibition of B cell receptor (BCR) signaling and inhibits cell proliferation of B-cell malignancies. BTK, a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase and member of the Tec family of kinases, plays an important role in B lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor M7583","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor M7583","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M7583","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512935"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784381"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784381"}]}}{"C162479":{"preferredName":"BTK inhibitor TG-1701","code":"C162479","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available irreversible inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BTK inhibitor TG-1701 covalently binds to and irreversibly inhibits BTK activity, thereby preventing the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This may inhibit the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed or mutated in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTK inhibitor TG-1701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBI 1459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBI-1459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBI1459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 1459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-1459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR1459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG 1701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-1701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG1701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970969"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798666"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798666"}]}}{"C137682":{"preferredName":"Budigalimab","code":"C137682","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1, PCD-1; PDCD1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody ABBV-181 targets and binds to PD-1, thereby blocking its binding to the PD-1 ligand, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and preventing the activation of PD-1/PD-L1 downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligand; it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUDIGALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Budigalimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Budigalimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524834"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2098225-93-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6VDO4TY3OO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790298"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790298"}]}}{"C81555":{"preferredName":"Budotitane","code":"C81555","definitions":[{"description":"A titanium metal complex, coordinated with asymmetric beta-diketonate ligands, with antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action remains to be elucidated, budotitane potentially binds either to macromolecules via coordinative covalent bonds, or via intercalation between nucleic acids strands by the aromatic ring of the beta-diketonate. In addition, this agent appears to cause cardiac arrhythmias and is toxic to the liver and kidneys at higher doses. The development of budotitane was halted due to the rapid loss of its labile groups under physiological conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BUDOTITANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Budotitane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0057922"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"85969-07-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DV05VZD83V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C10H9O2.2C2H5O.Ti"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Budotitane"}]}}{"C107555":{"preferredName":"Bufalin","code":"C107555","definitions":[{"description":"An active ingredient and one of the glycosides in the traditional Chinese medicine ChanSu; it is also a bufadienolide toxin originally isolated from the venom of the Chinese toad Bufo gargarizans, with potential cardiotonic and antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action of bufalin is still under investigation, this agent is a specific Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor and can induce apoptosis in cancer cell lines through the activation of the transcription factor AP-1 via a mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,14-Dihydroxy-Bufa-20,22-Dienolide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Beta,14-Dihydroxy-5-Beta-Bufa-20,22-Dienolide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3beta,14beta-Dihydroxy-5beta-Bufa-20,22-Dienolide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Beta-Bufa-20,22-Dienolide, 3-Beta,14-Dihydroxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5beta-Bufa-20,22-Dienolide, 3beta,14-Dihydroxy- (8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUFALIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bufa-20,22-Dienolide, 3,14-Dihydroxy-, (3-Beta,5-Beta)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bufa-20,22-Dienolide, 3,14-Dihydroxy-, (3beta,5beta)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bufalin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bufalin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054205"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"465-21-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U549S98QLW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C90565":{"preferredName":"Buparlisib","code":"C90565","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable specific oral inhibitor of the pan-class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) family of lipid kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Buparlisib specifically inhibits class I PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway in an ATP-competitive manner, thereby inhibiting the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate and activation of the PI3K signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BKM120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUPARLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Buparlisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Buparlisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor BKM120","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3886769"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"944396-07-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0ZM2Z182GD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"667281"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"667281"}]}}{"C88323":{"preferredName":"Burixafor","code":"C88323","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) with receptor binding and hematopoietic stem cell-mobilization activities. Burixafor binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation; this may induce the mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from the bone marrow into blood. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) gene family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types; CXCL12/CXCR4 interaction induces retention of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BURIXAFOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Burixafor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphonic Acid, p-(2-(4-(6-Amino-2-(((trans-4-(((3-(cyclohexylamino)propyl)amino)methyl)cyclohexyl)methyl)amino)-4-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinyl)ethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-0054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413584"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1191448-17-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2G17Y0Q20G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661023"}]}}{"C130049":{"preferredName":"Burixafor Hydrobromide","code":"C130049","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrobromide salt form of burixafor, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) with hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-mobilization and chemosensitizing activities. Upon administration, burixafor binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation. This may induce the mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from the bone marrow into the peripheral circulation. Additionally, burixafor-mediated mobilization of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) from the bone marrow into the blood may make these metastatic tumor cells more susceptible to the actions of chemotherapeutic agents. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) gene family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types. CXCL12/CXCR4 interaction induces retention of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Burixafor HBr","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burixafor Hydrobromide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Burixafor Hydrobromide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-0054 HBr","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-0054 Hydrobromide","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513400"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C119744":{"preferredName":"Burosumab","code":"C119744","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable recombinant human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody directed against human fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), that can be used to increase serum phosphate levels. Upon subcutaneous administration, burosumab binds to and inhibits FGF23, thereby interfering with FGF23 signaling. This increases tubular phosphate reabsorption, decreases excretion of phosphate, and increases serum phosphate levels, resulting in enhanced bone mineralization. FGF23, a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family produced by osteocytes, plays a key role in hypophosphatemic rickets/osteomalacia, such as X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) and tumor-induced rickets/osteomalacia. Increased FGF23 levels lead to decreased expression of the sodium-phosphate co-transporters in the proximal tubules, reduced renal phosphate reabsorption, increased excretion by the kidneys, and low serum phosphate concentration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-FGF23 IgG1 Monoclonal Antibody KRN23","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUROSUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Burosumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Burosumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burosumab-TWZA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Crysvita","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRN23","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UX023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896830"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1610833-03-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G9WJT6RD29"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767123"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767123"}]}}{"C320":{"preferredName":"Buserelin","code":"C320","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called gonadotropin-releasing hormones. In prostate cancer therapy, buserelin blocks the production of testosterone in the testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Buserelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Prolonged administration of buserelin results in sustained inhibition of gonadotropin production, suppression of testicular and ovarian steroidogenesis, and reduced levels of circulating gonadotropin and gonadal steroids. Buserelin is more potent that GnRH. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-[O-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-D-serine]-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-10-deglycinamide Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor (Pig)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-[O-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-D-serine]-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-10-deglycinamide-luteinizing Hormone-releasing Factor (Pig)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"BSRL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUSERELIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Buserelin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Buserelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Busereline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etilamide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOE 766","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI 123215","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S74-6766","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"buserelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"725176"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006456"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57982-77-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; Contraception, female; Endometriosis; Infertility; in vitro fertilization; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Prostate cancer; Uterine leiomyoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PXW8U3YXDV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39170"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39170"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C60H86N16O13"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Buserelin"}]}}{"C160712":{"preferredName":"Bushen Culuan Decoction","code":"C160712","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction containing a mixture of ten Chinese herbs including Tusizi, Yinyanghuo, Xianmao, Xuduan, Gouqizi, Nvzhenzi, Zelan, Shengpuhuang, Xiangfu and Chuanshanlong, with potential to induce ovulation. Upon oral administration, Bushen Culuan decoction may, through a not yet fully elucidated mechanism, depress follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, elevate anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, and increase the number of antral follicle counts (AFCs), thereby promoting ovulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bushen Culuan Decoction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bushen Culuan TCM Decoction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bushen Culuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969814"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797882"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797882"}]}}{"C151930":{"preferredName":"Bushen-Jianpi Decoction","code":"C151930","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that is used for Yin deficiency of the liver, kidney and spleen, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Bushen-Jianpi decoction (BSJPD; BJD) consists of various herbs, including, but not limited to, Radix Codonopsis (Dang Shen), Fructus Lycii (the fruit of Chinese wolfberry), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Baishu; Bai Zhu), Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Cuscuta chinensis (Chinese dodder) seed, and Psoralea corylifolia Linn. As a TCM, Bushen-Jianpi is used as an antineoplastic agent as it is thought to invigorate the spleen and tonify the kidney, which presumably prevents or treats a variety of cancers. Upon administration of Bushen-Jianpi decoction, the ingredients in the decoction may affect signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis and enhance the immune system by increasing the levels of numerous cytokines and a variety of immune cells, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), natural killer cells (NKs) and macrophages. It may also reduce the expression of various proteins involved in tumorigenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BJD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BJHD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSJPD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bushen-Jianpi Decoction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JPBS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jianpi Bushen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jianpi Bushen Decoction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553269"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793123"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793123"}]}}{"C321":{"preferredName":"Busulfan","code":"C321","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of dimethane-sulfonate with antineoplastic and cytotoxic properties. Although its mechanism of action is not fully understood, busulfan appears to act through the alkylation of DNA. Following systemic absorption of busulfan, carbonium ions are formed, resulting in DNA alkylation and DNA breaks and inhibition of DNA replication and RNA transcription. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1, 4-Bis[methanesulfonoxy]butane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,4-Bis(methanesulfonoxy)butane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4-Bitanediol Dimethanesulfonate Esters","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4-Butanediol Dimethylsulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4-Di(methanesulfonyloxy)butane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4-Di(methylsulfonyloxy)butane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUSULFAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bussulfam","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Busulfan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Busulfan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Busulfan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Busulfan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Busulfanum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Busulfex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Busulphan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Busulphan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB 2041","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CB-2041","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GT 41","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"GT-41","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glyzophrol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Joacamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanesulfonic Acid Tetramethylene Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanesulfonic acid, tetramethylene ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mielucin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Misulban","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Misulban","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Misulfan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitosan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeleukon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloleukon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Myeloleukon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelosan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Myelosan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mylecytan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mylecytan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myleran","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myleran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sulfabutin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetramethylene Bis(methanesulfonate)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetramethylene bis[methanesulfonate]","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"WR-19508","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"busulfan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"750"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006463"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"55-98-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Bone marrow disorders; chronic myelogenous leukemia; palliative; neoadjuvant to allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation; neoplastic meningitis; primary brain malignancies"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G1LN9045DK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41947"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41947"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H14O6S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Busulfan"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28901"}]}}{"C1029":{"preferredName":"Buthionine Sulfoximine","code":"C1029","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that may help prevent resistance to some anticancer drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic amino acid. Buthionine sulfoximine irreversibly inhibits gamma-glutamylcysteine synthase, thereby depleting cells of glutathione, a metabolite that plays a critical role in protecting cells against oxidative stress, and resulting in free radical-induced apoptosis. Elevated glutathione levels are associated with tumor cell resistance to alkylating agents and platinum compounds. By depleting cells of glutathione, this agent may enhance the in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicities of various chemotherapeutic agents in drug-resistant tumors. Buthionine sulfoximine may also exhibit antiangiogenesis activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl) Butanoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BUTHIONINE SULFOXIMINE, L-","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Butanoic Acid, 2-Amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanoic acid, 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Buthionine Sulfoximine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Buthionine Sulfoximine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Buthionine Sulfoximine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buthionine Sulphoximine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Buthionine Sulfoximine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Buthionine sulfoximine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"S-(3-Amino-3-carboxypropyl)-S-butylsulfoximine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-(n-Butyl)homocysteine Sulfoximine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"buthionine sulfoximine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"326231"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054252"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83730-53-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EEY8DZS103"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39123"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39123"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H18N2O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Buthionine_Sulfoximine"}]}}{"C131491":{"preferredName":"BXQ-350 Nanovesicle Formulation","code":"C131491","definitions":[{"description":"A stable, nanovesicle formulation composed of a synthetic form of the human glycoprotein saposin C (SapC) linked to the phospholipid dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the BXQ-350 nanovesicle formulation selectively targets and preferentially accumulates in tumor vessels and cells, due to the leaky nature of tumor vasculature and the presence of phosphatidylserine (PS) lipids in tumor cell membranes. Upon binding to the phospholipids in the tumor cell membrane, SapC fuses with the membrane and is internalized leading to its accumulation within the internal membrane. SapC becomes active in the acidic tumor microenvironment and as a lysosomal sphingolipid activator protein, activates lysosomal enzymes, such as beta-glucosidase, acid sphingomyelinase, and beta-galactosylceramidase. This leads to the degradation of glucosylceramide and sphingomyelin, and the conversion of galactosylceramide to ceramide, respectively. This elevates intracellular ceramide levels, activates caspases and induces ceramide-mediated apoptosis, which together lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. SapC plays key roles in lipid transport and organization of biological membranes and has strong lipid membrane binding activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BXQ-350","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BXQ-350 Nanovesicle Formulation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BXQ-350 Nanovesicle Formulation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SapC-DOPS Nanovesicles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Saposin C-Dioleoylphosphatidylserine Complexes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Saposin C-Dioleoylphosphatidylserine Nanovesicles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514261"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785725"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785725"}]}}{"C121647":{"preferredName":"c-Kit Inhibitor PLX9486","code":"C121647","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor of mutated forms of the tumor-associated antigen mast/stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, c-Kit inhibitor PLX9486 binds to and inhibits specific c-Kit mutants. This may result in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in cancer cell types that overexpress these c-Kit mutations. c-Kit, a transmembrane protein and receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed in solid tumors and hematological malignancies; it plays a key role in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLX9486","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Kit Inhibitor PLX9486","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"c-Kit Inhibitor PLX9486","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053605"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770823"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770823"}]}}{"C129314":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor AL2846","code":"C129314","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration AL2846 targets and binds to the c-Met protein, prevents c-Met phosphorylation and disrupts c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AL 2846","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AL-2846","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AL2846","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor AL2846","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512253"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783249"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783249"}]}}{"C82677":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor AMG 208","code":"C82677","definitions":[{"description":"A selective small-molecule inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor AMG 208 inhibits the ligand-dependent and ligand-independent activation of c-Met, inhibiting its tyrosine kinase activity, which may result in cell growth inhibition in tumors that overexpress c-Met. C-Met encodes the hepatocyte growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase, plays an important role in epithelial cell proliferation and has been shown to be overexpressed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor AMG 208","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor AMG 208","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830208"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632625"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632625"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"c-Met_Inhibitor_AMG_208"}]}}{"C95203":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor AMG 337","code":"C95203","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor AMG 337 selectively binds to c-Met, thereby disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein, the product of the proto-oncogene c-Met, is a receptor tyrosine kinase also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR); this protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor AMG 337","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor AMG 337","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426693"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690935"}]}}{"C128895":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor HS-10241","code":"C128895","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HS-10241 targets and binds to the c-Met protein, prevents c-Met phosphorylation and disrupts c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HS-10241","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor HS-10241","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512254"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782607"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782607"}]}}{"C77893":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor JNJ-38877605","code":"C77893","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor JNJ-38877605 selectively inhibits c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) involved in cancer cell survival and invasiveness, and tumor angiogenesis. c-Met is also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ-38877605","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor JNJ-38877605","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383572"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594157"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594157"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"c-Met_Inhibitor_JNJ-38877605"}]}}{"C90591":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor MK2461","code":"C90591","definitions":[{"description":"A selective small-molecule inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor MK2461 preferentially inhibits activated c-Met in an ATP-competitive manner, thereby inhibiting its tyrosine kinase activity, which may inhibit c-Met signaling and result in cell growth inhibition in tumors that overexpress c-Met. c-Met, encoding the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) tyrosine kinase, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation and has been shown to be overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MK2461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor MK2461","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983789"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560555"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560555"}]}}{"C116866":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor MK8033","code":"C116866","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of c-Met, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, c-Met inhibitor MK8033 binds to and inhibits the autophosphorylation of the c-Met protein, which disrupts c-Met signal transduction pathways and may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. In addition, MK8033 inhibits Ron (receptor originated from nantes, MST1R). c-Met protein, which is encoded by the proto-oncogene MET, is a receptor tyrosine kinase also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR); this protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis. Ron, a member of the Met family of cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases, is also overexpressed on certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(3-(1-Methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-5-oxo-5H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-7-yl)-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)methanesulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK8033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor MK8033","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor MK8033","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3659325"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1196681-38-5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580991"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580991"}]}}{"C106370":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor MSC2156119J","code":"C106370","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met (also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR)) with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor MSC2156119J selectively binds to c-Met, which inhibits c-Met phosphorylation and disrupts c-Met-mediated signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MSC2156119J","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor MSC2156119J","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor MSC2156119J","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447736"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749525"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749525"}]}}{"C1541":{"preferredName":"C-myb Antisense Oligonucleotide G4460","code":"C1541","definitions":[{"description":"A 24-base phosphorothiolate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) for the proto-oncogene c-myb with potential antineoplastic activity. C-myb antisense oligonucleotide G4460 binds to codon sequences 2 to 9 of c-myb mRNA, inhibiting translation of the transcript. Suppression of c-myb expression with this agent may result in the restoration of normal differentiation pathways, increased antiproliferative effects, and the induction of apoptosis in early progenitor hematopoietic cells and in tumor cells that overexpress c-myb. Tumor-cell overexpression of c-myb blocks differentiation, promotes proliferation, and inhibits apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C-myb Antisense Oligonucleotide G4460","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G4460","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INX-3001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LR-3001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OL(1)p53","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-MYB Antisense","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-MYB Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Myb Antisense OND","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Myb LR-3001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"710296"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0253788"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43388"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43388"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LR-3001"}]}}{"C2721":{"preferredName":"c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 5132","code":"C2721","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, 20-base antisense oligodeoxynucleotide that hybridizes to c-raf kinase messenger RNA. ISIS 5132 has been shown to specifically suppress Raf-1 expression both in vitro and in vivo. Raf-1 serine/threonine kinase functions as a critical effector of Ras-mediated signal transduction; constitutive activation of this pathway directly contributes to malignant transformation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGP 69846A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP69846A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS 5132","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS 5132","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ISIS 5132/CGP69846A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS-5132","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAF-IK Antisense ODN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-RAF Antisense","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 5132","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"719336"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0389883"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42994"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42994"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ISIS_5132"}]}}{"C88264":{"preferredName":"C-VISA BikDD:Liposome","code":"C88264","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation composed of DOTAP:cholesterol liposome nanoparticles complexed with the plasmid C-VISA BiKDD, with potential antineoplastic activity. C-VISA BikDD: liposome consists of a pancreatic-cancer-specific expression vector VISA (VP16-GAL4-WPRE integrated systemic amplifier) and a pancreatic-cancer-specific promoter CCKAR (cholecystokinin type A receptor) (CCKAR-VISA or C-VISA) which drives expression of the gene BikDD, a mutant form of the potent proapoptotic gene Bik (Bcl-2 interacting killer). Upon administration and transduction into pancreatic tumor cells, expression of BikDD by C-VISA BikDD:liposome may induce pancreatic tumor cell apoptosis and suppress pancreatic tumor cell proliferation. BikDD binds with greater affinity to anti-apoptotic proteins bcl-2, bcl-xl, bcl-w and Mcl-1 and is more potent than wild-type Bik. DOTAP:cholesterol liposome is composed of cationic lipid dioleoyl-trimethylammonium propane (DOTAP) and cholesterol at molar ratio of 1:1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C-VISA BikDD Plasmid: DOTAP:Cholesterol Liposome-Based Nanoparticle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-VISA BikDD:Liposome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"C-VISA BikDD:Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412442"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654631"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654631"}]}}{"C155812":{"preferredName":"CAB-ROR2-ADC BA3021","code":"C155812","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a conditionally active biologic (CAB) antibody against receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of CAB-ROR2-ADC BA3021, the anti-ROR2 antibody becomes activated through an as of yet not fully elucidated process, only under the unique microphysical conditions that are present in the tumor microenvironment (TME) as a result of the glycolytic metabolism of cancer cells and not in the microenvironment of normal, healthy tissues. Upon binding to ROR2-expressing cancer cells and internalization, the cytotoxic agent kills the cancer cells through an as of yet undisclosed mechanism of action (MoA). ROR2, highly expressed during embryonic development while only minimally expressed on certain normal, healthy cells, is involved in Wnt signal transduction and is overexpressed on certain cancer cells. It plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. High levels of ROR2 expression often correlates with poor prognosis. The CAB antibody allows for efficient binding to ROR2-expressing cancer cells only, thereby maximizing efficacy while minimizing toxicity by avoiding activation and thus binding of the antibody to normal, healthy ROR2-expressing cells under normal conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC BA3021","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ROR2 CAB ADC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate BA3021","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BA 3021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BA3021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAB Anti-ROR2 ADC BA3021","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAB-ROR2-ADC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAB-ROR2-ADC BA3021","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CAB-ROR2-ADC BA3021","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conditionally Active Biologic Anti-ROR2 Antibody-drug Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROR2-targeted ADC BA3021","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556342"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794991"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794991"}]}}{"C66937":{"preferredName":"Cabazitaxel","code":"C66937","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used with prednisone to treat hormone-resistant prostate cancer that has spread and that had been treated with docetaxel. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Cabazitaxel blocks cell growth by stopping cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semi-synthetic derivative of the natural taxoid 10-deacetylbaccatin III with potential antineoplastic activity. Cabazitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, resulting in the inhibition of microtubule depolymerization and cell division, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Unlike other taxane compounds, this agent is a poor substrate for the membrane-associated, multidrug resistance (MDR), P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump and may be useful for treating multidrug-resistant tumors. In addition, cabazitaxel penetrates the blood-brain barrier (BBB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-hydroxy-7beta,10beta-dimethoxy-9-oxo-5beta,20-epoxytax-11-ene-2alpha,4,13alpha-triyl 4-acetate 2-benzoate 13-[(2R,3S)-3-{[(tertbutoxy)carbonyl]amino}-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CABAZITAXEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cabazitaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cabazitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jevtana","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jevtana","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RPR-116258A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxoid XRP6258","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XRP-6258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cabazitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"taxoid XRP6258","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830183"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"183133-96-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"51F690397J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"534131"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"534131"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C45H57NO14"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"XRP6258"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63584"}]}}{"C123831":{"preferredName":"Cabiralizumab","code":"C123831","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tyrosine kinase receptor colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R), also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (cluster of differentiation 115), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CSF1R monoclonal antibody FPA008 binds to CSF1R expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and osteoclasts and inhibits the binding of the CSF1R ligands colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and interleukin-34 (IL-34), to CSF1R. This prevents CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling in these cells. This blocks the production of inflammatory mediators by macrophages and monocytes and reduces inflammation. By blocking the recruitment to the tumor microenvironment and activity of CSF1R-dependent tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), FPA008 enhances T-cell infiltration and antitumor T-cell immune responses, which inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. Additionally, FPA008 prevents the activation of osteoclasts and blocks bone destruction. TAMs play key roles in immune suppression and promoting inflammation, tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CSF1R FPA008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986227","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CABIRALIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cabiralizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cabiralizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPA 008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPA-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPA008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498224"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1613144-80-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5FJL6W0640"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775874"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775874"}]}}{"C52200":{"preferredName":"Cabozantinib","code":"C52200","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Cabozantinib strongly binds to and inhibits several RTKs, which are often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, including hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET), RET (rearranged during transfection), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor types 1 (VEGFR-1), 2 (VEGFR-2), and 3 (VEGFR-3), mast/stem cell growth factor (KIT), FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT-3), TIE-2 (TEK tyrosine kinase, endothelial), tropomyosin-related kinase B (TRKB) and AXL. This may result in an inhibition of both tumor growth and angiogenesis, and eventually lead to tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-Cyclopropanedicarboxamide, N'-[4-[(6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolinyl)oxy]phenyl]-N-(4- fluorophenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CABOZANTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cabozantinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cabozantinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-{4-[(6,7-dimethoxyquinolin-4-yl)oxy]phenyl}-N'-(4-fluorophenyl)cyclopropane-1,1- dicarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3181682"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"849217-68-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1C39JW444G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H24FN3O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"XL184"}]}}{"C97938":{"preferredName":"Cabozantinib S-malate","code":"C97938","definitions":[{"description":"The s-malate salt form of cabozantinib, an orally bioavailable, small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Cabozantinib strongly binds to and inhibits several RTKs, which are often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, including hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET), RET (rearranged during transfection), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor types 1 (VEGFR-1), 2 (VEGFR-2), and 3 (VEGFR-3), mast/stem cell growth factor (KIT), FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT-3), TIE-2 (TEK tyrosine kinase, endothelial), tropomyosin-related kinase B (TRKB) and AXL. This may result in an inhibition of both tumor growth and angiogenesis, and eventually lead to tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-907351","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanedioic acid, 2-hydroxy-, (2S)-, compd. with N-[4-[(6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolinyl)oxy]phenyl]-N'-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,1-cyclopropanedicarboxamide (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CABOZANTINIB S-MALATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cabometyx","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cabozantinib S-malate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cabozantinib S-malate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cometriq","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3468008"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1140909-48-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC); hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DR7ST46X58"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"461103"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"461103"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H24FN3O5.C4H6O5"}]}}{"C1032":{"preferredName":"Cactinomycin","code":"C1032","definitions":[{"description":"A chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces chrysomallus. Cactinomycin binds to DNA by intercalating between guanine and cytosine, forming stable antibiotic-DNA complexes that inhibit RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTINOMYCIN C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Actinomycin C","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CACTINOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cactinomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cactinomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"18268"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054404"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"8052-16-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0OCC969V50"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cactinomycin"}]}}{"C63756":{"preferredName":"Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester","code":"C63756","definitions":[{"description":"The phenethyl alcohol ester of caffeic acid and a bioactive component of honeybee hive propolis, with antineoplastic, cytoprotective and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) inhibits the activation of nuclear transcription factor NF-kappa B and may suppress p70S6K and Akt-driven signaling pathways. In addition, CAPE inhibits PDGF-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells through the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha and subsequent induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Phenylethyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic Acid, 2-Phenylethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAFFEIC ACID PHENETHYL ESTER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CAPE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054434"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"104594-70-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G960R9S5SK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H16O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Caffeic_Acid_Phenethyl_Ester"}]}}{"C117731":{"preferredName":"CAIX Inhibitor DTP348","code":"C117731","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, nitroimidazole-based sulfamide, carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CAIX inhibitor DTP348 inhibits tumor-associated CAIX, a hypoxia-inducible transmembrane glycoprotein that catalyzes the reversible reaction and rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid, protons, and bicarbonate ions. This prevents the acidification of the tumor's extracellular microenvironment and decreases the intracellular pH. This results in increased cell death in CAIX-expressing, hypoxic tumors. In addition, DTP348, through its nitroimidazole moiety, is able to sensitize hypoxic tumor cells to irradiation. CAIX is overexpressed in various tumors and plays a key role in intra- and extracellular pH regulation, cancer cell progression, survival, migration and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(2-Methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethylsulfamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAIX Inhibitor DTP348","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTP348","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474126"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763908"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763908"}]}}{"C117728":{"preferredName":"CAIX Inhibitor SLC-0111","code":"C117728","definitions":[{"description":"A sulfonamide carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CAIX inhibitor SLC-0111 inhibits tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), an hypoxia-inducible transmembrane glycoprotein that catalyzes the reversible reaction and rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid, protons, and bicarbonate ions. This prevents both the acidification of the tumor's extracellular microenvironment and cytoplasmic alkalization. This increases cell death in CAIX-expressing, hypoxic tumors. CAIX is overexpressed in various tumors and plays a key role in intra- and extracellular pH regulation, cancer cell progression, survival, migration and invasion; it is also involved in resistance to both chemo- and radiotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAIX Inhibitor SLC-0111","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLC-0111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474123"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763832"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763832"}]}}{"C78198":{"preferredName":"Calaspargase Pegol-mknl","code":"C78198","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is a form of the anticancer drug PEG-asparaginase that stays in the body longer. EZN-2285 is an enzyme that breaks down the amino acid asparagine and may block the growth of tumor cells that need asparagine to grow. It is a type of protein synthesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An intravenous formulation containing E.coli-derived L-asparaginase II conjugated with succinimidyl carbonate monomethoxypolyethylene glycol (SC-PEG), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of calaspargase pegol-mknl L-asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia, thereby depleting cells of asparagine; asparagine depletion blocks protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation, especially in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and ultimately induces tumor cell death. Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells which, unlike normal cells, cannot synthesize this amino acid due to the absence of the enzyme asparagine synthase. Pegylation decreases enzyme antigenicity and increases its half life. SC is used as a PEG linker to facilitate attachment to asparaginase and enhances the stability of the formulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Asparaginase (Escherichia coli Isoenzyme II), Conjugate with alpha-(((2,5-Dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)oxy)carbonyl)-omega-methoxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asparlas","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CALASPARGASE PEGOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Calaspargase Pegol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Calaspargase Pegol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calaspargase Pegol-mknl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EZN-2285","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EZN-2285","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SC-PEG E. Coli L-Asparaginase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-PEG E. coli L-asparaginase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Succinimidyl Carbonate Monomethoxypolyethylene Glycol E. coli L-Asparaginase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699709"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"941577-06-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T9FVH03HMZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595298"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595298"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Succinimidyl_Carbonate_Monomethoxypolyethylene_Glycol_E_Coli_L-Asparaginase"}]}}{"C330":{"preferredName":"Calcitriol","code":"C330","definitions":[{"description":"The active form of vitamin D. Calcitriol is formed in the kidneys or made in the laboratory. It is used as a drug to increase calcium levels in the body in order to treat skeletal and tissue-related calcium deficiencies caused by kidney or thyroid disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic physiologically-active analog of vitamin D, specifically the vitamin D3 form. Calcitriol regulates calcium in vivo by promoting absorption in the intestine, reabsorption in the kidneys, and, along with parathyroid hormone, regulation of bone growth. A calcitriol receptor-binding protein appears to exist in the mucosa of human intestine. Calcitriol also induces cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, cell differentiation, and apoptosis, resulting in inhibition of proliferation of some tumor cell types. This agent may be chemopreventive for colon and prostate cancers. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1alpha,3beta,5Z,7E)-9,10-Secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene-1,3,25-triol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,25(OH)2-D3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,25-DHCC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,25-Dihydroxycholecaliferol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CALCITRIOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Calcijex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcitriol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Calcitriol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Calcitriol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rocaltrol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"calcitriol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006674"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"32222-06-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hyperparathyroidism; Hypocalcemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FXC9231JVH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41919"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41919"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H44O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Calcitriol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17823"}]}}{"C136828":{"preferredName":"Calcium Release-activated Channels Inhibitor RP4010","code":"C136828","definitions":[{"description":"A calcium (Ca2+) release-activated channel (CRAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, RP4010 binds to and inhibits CRACs, thereby preventing the transport of extracellular Ca2+ into the cell and inhibiting the subsequent activation of Ca2+-mediated signaling and transcription of target genes. CRACs, specialized plasma membrane Ca2+ ion channels composed of the plasma membrane based Orai channels and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stromal interaction molecules (STIMs), play key roles in calcium homeostasis and are over-activated in a number of cancer cell types. Aberrant activation of CRACs leads to increased cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRAC Inhibitor RP4010","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium Release-activated Channels Inhibitor RP4010","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Calcium Release-activated Channels Inhibitor RP4010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP 4010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP-4010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP4010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524660"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790238"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790238"}]}}{"C335":{"preferredName":"Calcium Saccharate","code":"C335","definitions":[{"description":"The calcium salt form of glucaric acid, a natural substance found in many fruits and vegetables, with potential anti-cancer property. One of the key processes in which the human body eliminates toxic chemicals as well as hormones (such as estrogen) is by attaching glucuronic acid to them in the liver and then excreting the complex in the bile. When beta-glucuronidase breaks the bond, it prolongs the stay of the hormone or toxic chemical in the body. Elevated beta-glucuronidase activity has been implicated to be associated with an increased risk for hormone-dependent cancers like breast, prostate, and colon cancers. Therefore, supplementing calcium glucarate may suppress the developments of hormone-dependent cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-1,6- dioxido-hexane-1,6-dione, Calcium","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antacidin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CALCIUM SACCHARATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CGT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium D-Glucarate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium D-Saccharate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium Glucarate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium Saccharate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Calcium Saccharate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Glucaric Acid, Calcium Salt (1:1)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Saccharated Lime","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"122011"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771997"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5793-89-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6AP9J91K4V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41803"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41803"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H8O8.Ca.4H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Calcium_Glucarate"}]}}{"C121642":{"preferredName":"Calculus bovis/Moschus/Olibanum/Myrrha Capsule","code":"C121642","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based capsule formulation containing Calculus bovis, the dried gallstones of cattle, Moschus, also referred to as deer musk, the resin Olibanum and the resin Myrrha, with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Although the exact mechanisms of action through which the active ingredients in the Calculus bovis/Moschus/Olibanum/Myrrha capsule elicit their effects have yet to be fully elucidated, they may, upon intake, exert their antineoplastic activity through modulation of the immune system, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Calculus bovis/Moschus/Olibanum/Myrrha Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wangbang Pharmaceutical Xihuang Capsule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XHP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xihuang Capsule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053490"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770710"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770710"}]}}{"C1035":{"preferredName":"Calicheamicin Gamma 1I","code":"C1035","definitions":[{"description":"An oligosaccharide enediyne antitumor antibiotic isolated from Micromonospora echinospora ssp. Calichensis. Calicheamicin Gamma 1I binds to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in site-specific double-strand breaks and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Calicheamicin Gamma 1I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054506"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Calicheamicin_Gamma_1I"}]}}{"C338":{"preferredName":"Camptothecin","code":"C338","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called topoisomerase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, with antineoplastic activity. During the S phase of the cell cycle, camptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-Camptothecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(+)-Camptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(S)-4-ethyl-4-hydroxy-1H-pyrano-[3',4':6,7]indolozino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14(4H,12H)-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1H-Pyrano[3',3'.6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14(4H,12H)-dione, 4-ethyl-4hydroxy-(S)-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"20(S)-Camptothecine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"20-(S)-camptothecine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"21, 22-Secocamptothecin-21-oic acid lactone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"21, 22-secocamptothecin-21-oic acid lactone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAMPTOTHECIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Camptothecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"camptothecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"camptothecine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"94600"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006812"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7689-03-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XT3Z54Z28A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39173"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39173"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H16N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Camptothecin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27656"}]}}{"C80047":{"preferredName":"Camptothecin Analogue TLC388","code":"C80047","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic analogue of camptothecin with potential antineoplastic and radio-sensitizing activities. Camptothecin analogue TLC388 selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S-phase, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. Topoisomerase I relaxes negative super-coiled DNA during replication and transcription. This agent has been chemically modified to enhance the potency and stability of camptothecin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Camptothecin Analogue TLC388","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Camptothecin Analogue TLC388","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipotecan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLC388","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703206"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615096"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615096"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Camptothecin_Analogue_TLC388"}]}}{"C1886":{"preferredName":"Afeletecan Hydrochloride","code":"C1886","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called camptothecins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of afeletecan, a water-soluble camptothecin derivative conjugated to a carbohydrate moiety exhibiting antineoplastic activity. Afeletecan stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex and forms an enzyme-drug-DNA ternary complex. As a consequence of the formation of this complex, both the initial cleavage reaction and religation steps are inhibited and subsequent collision of the replication fork with the cleaved strand of DNA results in inhibition of DNA replication, double strand DNA breakage and triggering of apoptosis. The peptide carbohydrate moiety of this agent stabilizes the lactone form of camptothecin in blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFELETECAN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Afeletecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 38-3441","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 56-3722","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 56-3722","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BAY56-3722","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptothecin Glycoconjugate BAY 38-3441","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1101785"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"215604-74-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DTJ7VPW43J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38705"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BAY_56-3722"}]}}{"C2344":{"preferredName":"Camptothecin Sodium","code":"C2344","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of camptothecin, an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, with antineoplastic activity. During the S phase of the cell cycle, camptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. The sodium salt of camptothecin is more water-soluble than the parent molecule. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAMPTOTHECIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Camptothecin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptothecin Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptothecin sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Camptothecin, sodium salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sodium camptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"100880"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1516156"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3L6CT9UWOM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Camptothecin_Sodium"}]}}{"C84857":{"preferredName":"Camptothecin-20(S)-O-Propionate Hydrate","code":"C84857","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrated, crystalline propionate ester (attached in position C-20) prodrug of camptothecin, an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon entry into cells, camptothecin-20(S)-O-propionate is hydrolyzed by esterases into the active form camptothecin. Camptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery, thus inhibiting DNA replication and triggering apoptotic cell death. Camptothecin readily undergoes hydrolysis at physiological pH, changing its conformation from the active, S-configured lactone structure to an inactive carboxylate form. The ester chain in the vicinity of the S-configured lactone moiety, a key determinant for the chemotherapeutic efficacy of the camptothecins, inhibits protein binding, rendering this agent resistant to hydrolysis and prolonging its half-life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CZ48","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptothecin-20(S)-O-Propionate Hydrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Camptothecin-20(S)-O-Propionate Hydrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412415"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651549"}]}}{"C123816":{"preferredName":"Camrelizumab","code":"C123816","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1, PCD-1,) with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody SHR-1210 binds to and blocks the binding of PD-1, expressed on activated T-lymphocytes, B-cells and natural killer (NK) cells, to its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), overexpressed on certain cancer cells, and programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2), which is primarily expressed on antigen presenting cells (APCs). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This restores immune function through the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells or pathogens. Activated PD-1 negatively regulates T-cell activation and plays a key role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AiRuiKa (TM)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAMRELIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Camrelizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Camrelizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carrizumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HR-301210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 1210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-1210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR1210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498210"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1798286-48-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"73096E137E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775449"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775449"}]}}{"C78863":{"preferredName":"Camsirubicin","code":"C78863","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic non-cardiotoxic analogue of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Camsirubicin intercalates DNA and impedes the activity of topoisomerase II, inducing single and double-stranded breaks in DNA; inhibiting DNA replication and/or repair, transcription, and protein synthesis; and activating tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Imino-13-deoxydoxoubicin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAMSIRUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Camsirubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Camsirubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GPX-150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GPX150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698125"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VI79RD8VNN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601485"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601485"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anthracycline_Analogue_GPX-150"}]}}{"C1775":{"preferredName":"Cancell","code":"C1775","definitions":[{"description":"A liquid that has been promoted as a treatment for a wide range of diseases, including cancer. The ingredients thought to be in Cancell have been tested, and none of them has been shown to be effective in treating any form of cancer. Cancell is not available in the United States.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Cancell (Entelev or Cantron), is a liquid that has been produced in various forms, principally by two manufacturers, since the late 1930s. The exact composition of Cancell/Entelev is unknown, but the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has listed the components as inositol, nitric acid, sodium sulfite, potassium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, and catechol. NCI studies determined that the mixture lacked substantial antitumor activity. (from CancerNet)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"126-F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cancell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cancell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cantron","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Entelev","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JS-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"JS-114","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Jim's Juice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Protocel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Sheridan's Formula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"637907"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0656937"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257610"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257610"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cancell"}]}}{"C121776":{"preferredName":"Cancer Peptide Vaccine S-588410","code":"C121776","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer peptide vaccine containing five human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*2402-restricted epitope peptides derived from as of yet not disclosed oncoantigens, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the cancer peptide vaccine S-588410, the peptides may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing the antigens. This decreases proliferation of susceptible tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Peptide Vaccine S-588410","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-588410","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053593"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770997"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770997"}]}}{"C88318":{"preferredName":"Canerpaturev","code":"C88318","definitions":[{"description":"A non-engineered, naturally oncolytic, replication-competent spontaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) type I mutant variant. Upon intratumoral injection, canerpaturev transfects, replicates in, and lyses rapidly dividing cells such as tumor cells. In addition, this agent may increase host immune responses that may kill non-infected tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CANERPATUREV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Canerpaturev","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Canerpaturev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HF10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSV1 HF10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 HF10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Msc 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TBI-1401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413628"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1662666-66-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O3F5D10T4M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660850"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660850"}]}}{"C1880":{"preferredName":"Canertinib Dihydrochloride","code":"C1880","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Canertinib blocks the action of proteins called epidermal growth factor receptors, and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an orally bio-available quinazoline with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. Canertinib binds to the intracellular domains of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (ErbB family), irreversibly inhibiting their signal transduction functions and resulting in tumor cell apoptosis and suppression of tumor cell proliferation. This agent also acts as a radiosensitizing agent and displays synergistic activity with other chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CANERTINIB DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CI-1033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-1033","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Canertinib Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Canertinib Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[-4-[(3-Chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]-7-[3-(4-morpholinyl)propoxy]-6-quinazolinyl]-2-propenamide Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"N-[-4-[(3-Chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]-7-[3-(4-morpholinyl)propoxy]-6-quinazolinyl]-2-propenamide Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-0183805-002B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD183805","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"canertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"canertinib dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707132"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"289499-45-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ICJ93X8X90"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38403"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38403"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H25ClFN5O3.2HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CI-1033"}]}}{"C83581":{"preferredName":"Canfosfamide","code":"C83581","definitions":[{"description":"A modified glutathione analogue and nitrogen mustard prodrug, with potential antineoplastic activity. Canfosfamide is selectively activated by glutathione S-transferase P1-1 into an alkylating metabolite that forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in tumor cell DNA, which may induce a cellular stress response and cytotoxicity, and decrease tumor cell proliferation. Glutathione S-transferase P1-1 is an enzyme that is overexpressed in many human malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2R)-L-gamma-Glutamyl-3-((2-((bis(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phosphinyl)oxy)ethyl)sulfonyl)-L-alanyl-2-phenylglycine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CANFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Canfosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ter 286","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0664315"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"158382-37-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1RS284BFUI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H40Cl4N5O10PS"}]}}{"C2641":{"preferredName":"Canfosfamide Hydrochloride","code":"C2641","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called glutathione analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a modified glutathione analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Canfosfamide is selectively activated by glutathione S-transferase P1-1 into an alkylating metabolite that forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in tumor cell DNA, which may induce a cellular stress response and cytotoxicity, and decrease tumor proliferation. S-transferase P1-1 is an enzyme that is overexpressed in many human malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CANFOSFAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Canfosfamide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Canfosfamide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLK286","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLK286","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Telcyta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telcyta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"canfosfamide hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1258106"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"439943-59-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1LI341K7NQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38367"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38367"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H40Cl4N5O10PS.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TLK286"}]}}{"C118452":{"preferredName":"Cannabidiol","code":"C118452","definitions":[{"description":"A phytocannabinoid derived from Cannabis species, which is devoid of psychoactive activity, with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Upon administration, cannabidiol (CBD) exerts its anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic activity through various mechanisms, which likely do not involve signaling by cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), CB2, or vanilloid receptor 1. CBD stimulates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inhibits AKT/mTOR signaling, thereby activating autophagy and promoting apoptosis. In addition, CBD enhances the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which further enhances apoptosis. This agent also upregulates the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP1) and decreases the expression of inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID-1). This inhibits cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis. CBD may also activate the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 2 (TRPV2), which may increase the uptake of various cytotoxic agents in cancer cells. The analgesic effect of CBD is mediated through the binding of this agent to and activation of CB1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3-Benzenediol, 2-(3-methyl-6-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-, (1R-trans)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CANNABIDIOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CBD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBD Oil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cannabidiol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cannabidiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cannabidiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Epidiolex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GWP42003-P","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006863"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"19GBJ60SN5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765192"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765192"}]}}{"C159719":{"preferredName":"Cantrixil","code":"C159719","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclodextrin-encapsulated, third generation super-benzopyran (SBP) compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal (IP) administration, cantrixil enhances the activation and expression of c-Jun, downregulates phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) and induces activation of caspase-3, -7 and -9, thereby inducing tumor cell apoptosis. c-Jun, an activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor component, is involved in a wide range of cellular processes including cell cycle progression, differentiation, cell transformation and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cantrixil","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cantrixil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX E 002 1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX-E-002-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX-E-002-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TRXE0021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-4-(para-hydroxyphenyl)-7,4'-dihydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxy-8-methylisoflavan","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951687"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1803036-93-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5DVS457HEG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797919"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797919"}]}}{"C61576":{"preferredName":"Cantuzumab Ravtansine","code":"C61576","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It is made by linking the monoclonal antibody huC242 to a toxic substance called maytansinoid DM4. The monoclonal antibody binds to the surfaces of cancer cells and the maytansinoid DM4 enters the cells and blocks their growth. It is a type of immunotoxin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An immunotoxin of a humanized monoclonal antibody C242 (MoAb HuC242) conjugated to a derivative of the cytotoxic agent maytansine, DM4, with potential antitumor activity. Cantuzumab ravtansine is generated from MoAb C242, which is raised against a cell surface superantigen, CA242, found in a variety of human tumor cells. Upon binding and entry, the immunoconjugate releases the maytansinoid agent DM4, which binds to tubulin, thereby affecting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. As a result, this agent prevents cell division and reduces cell growth of cancer cells that express CA242.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CANTUZUMAB RAVTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cantuzumab Ravtansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cantuzumab Ravtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuC242-DM4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMGN242","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maytansinoid DM4-Conjugated Humanized Monoclonal Antibody huC242","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huC242-DM4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"maytansinoid DM4-conjugated humanized monoclonal antibody huC242","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831909"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"868747-45-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RNQ8JQ4R9P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492706"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492706"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HuC242-DM4"}]}}{"C1794":{"preferredName":"Capecitabine","code":"C1794","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat stage III colon cancer in patients who had surgery to remove the cancer. It is also used to treat metastatic breast cancer that has not improved after treatment with certain other anticancer drugs. Xeloda is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is taken up by cancer cells and breaks down into 5-fluorouracil, a substance that kills tumor cells. Xeloda is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fluoropyrimidine carbamate belonging to the class of antineoplastic agents called antimetabolites. As a prodrug, capecitabine is selectively activated by tumor cells to its cytotoxic moiety, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); subsequently, 5-FU is metabolized to two active metabolites, 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP) by both tumor cells and normal cells. FdUMP inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division by reducing normal thymidine production, while FUTP inhibits RNA and protein synthesis by competing with uridine triphosphate for incorporation into the RNA strand. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5'-Deoxy-5-fluoro-N-[(pentyloxy)carbonyl]-cytidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAPECITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Capecitabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Capecitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Capecitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 09-1978/000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xeloda","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xeloda","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"capecitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"712807"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0671970"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154361-50-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; Colorectal cancer, Stage III colon cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6804DJ8Z9U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42852"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42852"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H22FN3O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Capecitabine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31348"}]}}{"C99629":{"preferredName":"Capecitabine Rapidly Disintegrating Tablet","code":"C99629","definitions":[{"description":"A rapidly disintegrating film-coated tablet composed of the fluoropyrimidine carbamate antimetabolite capecitabine with antineoplastic activity. As a prodrug, capecitabine is converted to 5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine (5'-DFCR) by hepatic carboxylesterase and then to 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR) by cytidine deaminase and is eventually activated by thymidine phosphorylase to its cytotoxic moiety, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); subsequently, 5-FU is metabolized to two active metabolites, 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP). FdUMP inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division by reducing normal thymidine triphosphate production, while FUTP inhibits RNA and protein synthesis by competing with uridine triphosphate for incorporation into the RNA strand. Capecitabine rapidly disintegrating tablet (RDT) contains the water insoluble, disintegrating agent crospovidone which very rapidly disperses and swells in water making this RDT easier to swallow than the traditional capecitabine tablet.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Capecitabine RDT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Capecitabine Rapidly Disintegrating Tablet","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433297"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721986"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721986"}]}}{"C102564":{"preferredName":"Capivasertib","code":"C102564","definitions":[{"description":"A novel pyrrolopyrimidine derivative, and an orally available inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Capivasertib binds to and inhibits all AKT isoforms. Inhibition of AKT prevents the phosphorylation of AKT substrates that mediate cellular processes, such as cell division, apoptosis, and glucose and fatty acid metabolism. A wide range of solid and hematological malignancies show dysregulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling due to mutations in multiple signaling components. By targeting AKT, the key node in the PIK3/AKT signaling network, this agent may be used as monotherapy or combination therapy for a variety of human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD5363","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAPIVASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Capivasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Capivasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3502775"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1143532-39-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WFR23M21IE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688304"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688304"}]}}{"C90564":{"preferredName":"Capmatinib","code":"C90564","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met (also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR)) with potential antineoplastic activity. Capmatinib selectively binds to c-Met, thereby inhibiting c-Met phosphorylation and disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Fluoro-N-methyl-4-(7-(quinolin-6-ylmethyl)imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazin-2-yl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAPMATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Capmatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Capmatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INC-280","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INC280","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 28060","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB028060","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB28060","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416248"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1029712-80-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TY34L4F9OZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C340":{"preferredName":"Captopril","code":"C340","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat high blood pressure that is also being studied in the prevention of side effects caused by radiation therapy used in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called ACE inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sulfhydryl-containing analog of proline with antihypertensive activity and potential antineoplastic activity. Captopril competitively inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), thereby decreasing levels of angiotensin II, increasing plasma renin activity, and decreasing aldosterone secretion. This agent may also inhibit tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting endothelial cell matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and endothelial cell migration. Captopril may also exhibit antineoplastic activity independent of effects on tumor angiogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-1-(3-Mercapto-2-methyl-1-oxopropyl)-L-proline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAPTOPRIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Capoten","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Captopril","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Captopril","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"captopril","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"719847"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006938"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"62571-86-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hypertension; Heart failure; Left ventricular dysfunction; Diabetic nephropathy"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9G64RSX1XD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37824"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37824"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H15NO3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Captopril"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3380"}]}}{"C150586":{"preferredName":"CAR T-Cells AMG 119","code":"C150586","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that targets an as of yet unidentified tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the CAR T-cells AMG 119, the T-cells target, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing the TAA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG 119 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAR T-Cells AMG 119","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CAR T-Cells AMG 119","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAR-T Cells AMG 119","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552332"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793448"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793448"}]}}{"C1037":{"preferredName":"Caracemide","code":"C1037","definitions":[{"description":"An agent derived from acetohydroxamic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Caracemide inhibits ribonuclease reductase, resulting in decreased DNA synthesis and tumor growth; it also inhibits acetylcholinesterase. In vivo, caracemide contributes to the formation of the neurotoxin methyl isocyanate; this effect, along with the agent's acetylcholinesterase activity, may be responsible for the severe central nervous system toxicity observed in clinical trials. 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Although the exact mechanism of action is unclear, carbendazim appears to binds to an unspecified site on tubulin and suppresses microtubule assembly dynamic. This results in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and an induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl-carbamic Acid, Methyl Ester","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamic Acid Methyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-(Methoxycarbonylamino)benzimidazole","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Benzimidazolecarcamic Acid Methyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Methyl benzimidazolecarbamate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BAS 3460","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BAS-3460","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAS-67054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bavistin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bavistin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CARBENDAZIM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CTR 6669","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CTR-6669","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbendazim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbendazim","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Carbendazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Carbendazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Derosal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Derosal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"FB642","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOE 17411","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"HOE-17411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl 2-Benzimidazolecarbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl 2-benzimidazolecarbamate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Methyl Benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl Carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl-2-benzimidazole Carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl-2-benzimidazolecarbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl-alpha-benzimidazole Carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carbendazim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"109874"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065839"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10605-21-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H75J14AA89"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43319"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43319"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H9N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carbendazim"}]}}{"C1356":{"preferredName":"Carbetimer","code":"C1356","definitions":[{"description":"Carbetimer (carboxyimamidate) is a low molecular weight derivatized copolymer of ethylene and maleic anhydride. It has demonstrated antitumor activity against several animal models. It has calcium chelation activity but seems to inhibit growth of sensitive cells by disrupting nucleoside uptake and metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARBETIMER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carbetimer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-137","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NED-137","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carbethimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carboxyaminidate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0108454"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A678KM0M0N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40089"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40089"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carbetimer"}]}}{"C1038":{"preferredName":"Carbogen","code":"C1038","definitions":[{"description":"An inhalant of oxygen and carbon dioxide that increases the sensitivity of tumor cells to the effects of radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inhalant consisting of hyperoxic gas (95%-98% oxygen and 2%-5% carbon dioxide) with radiosensitizing properties. Inhaled carbogen reduces diffusion-limited tumor hypoxia, increasing tumor radiosensitivity due to the increased availability of molecular oxygen for cytotoxic radiation-induced oxygen free radical production. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARBOGEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carbogen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carbogen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054692"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"8063-77-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"inhalation therapy to produce vasodilation."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FJQ44KPA4J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42043"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42043"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carbogen"}]}}{"C1282":{"preferredName":"Carboplatin","code":"C1282","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat advanced ovarian cancer that has never been treated or symptoms of ovarian cancer that has come back after treatment with other anticancer drugs. It is also used with other drugs to treat advanced, metastatic, or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Paraplatin is a form of the anticancer drug cisplatin and causes fewer side effects in patients. It attaches to DNA in cells and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of platinum compound.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A second-generation platinum compound with a broad spectrum of antineoplastic properties. Carboplatin contains a platinum atom complexed with two ammonia groups and a cyclobutane-dicarboxyl residue. This agent is activated intracellularly to form reactive platinum complexes that bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA, thereby inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links. These carboplatin-induced DNA and protein effects result in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. This agent possesses tumoricidal activity similar to that of its parent compound, cisplatin, but is more stable and less toxic. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(SP-4-2)-diammine[1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato(2--)-O,O']platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid platinum complex","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blastocarb","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARBOPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CBDCA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBDCA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Carboplat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboplatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carboplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Carboplatin Hexal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboplatino","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbosin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbosol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbotec","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-Diammine(cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylato)platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Displata","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ercar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JM-8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nealorin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Novoplatinum","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraplat","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraplatin","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Paraplatin AQ","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraplatine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinwas","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribocarbo","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carboplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cis-diammine(1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato) platinum(II)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-diammine(cyclobutanedicarboxylato)platinum II","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"platinum, diammine(1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato(2-))-, (SP-4-2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"241240"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"201345"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079083"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"41575-94-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Osteogenic sarcoma; CNS and germ cell tumors; ovarian; lung; head and neck; endometrial; esophageal; bladder; breast; cervical cancer."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BG3F62OND5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39176"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39176"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H6O4.Pt.2H3N"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carboplatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31355"}]}}{"C342":{"preferredName":"Carboquone","code":"C342","definitions":[{"description":"An aziridinylbenzoquinone-based alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. The alkylating group in carboquone becomes activated upon reduction of quinone to the hydroquinone form. This eventually results in the alkylation and crosslinking of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication followed by an induction of apoptosis. In addition, reactive oxygen species may form during redox cycling which may contribute to this agent's cytotoxic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARBOQUONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carboquone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboquone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"662"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006971"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"24279-91-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1CB0HBT12C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H19N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carboquone"}]}}{"C1141":{"preferredName":"Carboxyamidotriazole","code":"C1141","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Carboxyamidotriazole binds to and inhibits non-voltage-operated Ca2+ channels, blocking both Ca2+ influx into cells and Ca2+ release from intracellular stores and resulting in the disruption of calcium channel-mediated signal transduction and inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling, endothelial proliferation, and angiogenesis. This agent may also inhibit tumor cell growth, invasion and metastasis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4-carboxamide, 5-amino-1-((3,5-dichloro-4(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenyl)methyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Amino-1-((3,5-dichloro-4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenyl)methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARBOXYAMIDOTRIAZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carboxyamido-triazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboxyamidotriazole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carboxyamidotriazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Carboxyamidotriazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboxyaminoimidazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L651582","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carboxyamidotriazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"609974"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0064494"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"99519-84-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6ST3ZF52WB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41613"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41613"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carboxyamidotriazole"}]}}{"C91090":{"preferredName":"Carboxyamidotriazole Orotate","code":"C91090","definitions":[{"description":"The orotate salt form of carboxyamidotriazole (CAI), an orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antiangiogenic and antiproliferative activities. Carboxyamidotriazole binds to and inhibits non-voltage-operated calcium channels, blocking both Ca2+ influx into cells and Ca2+ release from intracellular stores, resulting in the disruption of calcium channel-mediated signal transduction. CAI inhibits PI3 activity and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling. This may inhibit endothelial proliferation, tumor cell growth, invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,3-Carboxyamido-triazole Orotate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARBOXYAMIDOTRIAZOLE OROTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CTO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboxyamidotriazole Orotate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carboxyamidotriazole Orotate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421478"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"776C212QQH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671851"}]}}{"C1169":{"preferredName":"Carboxyphenyl Retinamide","code":"C1169","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic phenylretinamide analogue of retinol (vitamin A) with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Carboxyphenyl retinamide induces cell differentiation and inhibits tumor cell growth and carcinogenesis. This agent may also induce cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase in some cancer cell types. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-carboxyphenyl retinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboxyphenyl Retinamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-Carboxyphenyl)retinamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"N-(4-carboxyphenyl)retinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0067533"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"74193-17-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42559"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42559"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carboxyphenyl_Retinamide"}]}}{"C52196":{"preferredName":"Carfilzomib","code":"C52196","definitions":[{"description":"An epoxomicin derivate with potential antineoplastic activity. Carfilzomib irreversibly binds to and inhibits the chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S catalytic core subunit of the proteasome, a protease complex responsible for degrading a large variety of cellular proteins. Inhibition of proteasome-mediated proteolysis results in an accumulation of polyubiquinated proteins, which may lead to cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S)-N-((1S)-1-Benzyl-2-(((1S)-3-methyl-1-(((2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl)carbonyl)butyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-4-methyl-2-(((2S)-2-((morpholin-4-ylacetyl)amino)-4-phenylbutanoyl)amino)pentanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARFILZOMIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carfilzomib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carfilzomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kyprolis","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-171","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709429"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"868540-17-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed multiple myeloma (MM)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"72X6E3J5AR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459751"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459751"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C40H57N5O7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PR-171"}]}}{"C80048":{"preferredName":"Caricotamide/Tretazicar","code":"C80048","definitions":[{"description":"A combination therapy consisting of the prodrug tretazicar and the enzyme co-substrate caricotamide with potential antineoplastic activity. In the presence of separately and simultaneously administered caricotamide, tretazicar is converted to the short-lived cytotoxic DNA cross-linking agent dinitrobenzamide by NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2), resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication and the induction of apoptosis. NQO2 has been found to be elevated in certain cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Caricotamide/Tretazicar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP-0152R/CB1954","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolarix","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388385"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615142"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615142"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Caricotamide_Tretazicar"}]}}{"C71010":{"preferredName":"Carlumab","code":"C71010","definitions":[{"description":"A human IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against human CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Carlumab binds to and inhibits CLL2, which may result in inhibition of angiogenesis and, so, tumor cell proliferation. Endothelium-derived CLL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein; MCP1) is a member of the beta-chemokine family, can stimulate monocyte/macrophage migration and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, and plays a role in angiogenesis and tumor cell migration; CCL2 induction of angiogenesis may involve the upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) gene expression which, in turn, induces vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) gene expression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-human Small-inducible Cytokine A2 Monoclonal Antibody CNTO 888","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARLUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CNTO 888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carlumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carlumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, anti-(human monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) (human monoclonal CNTO888 gamma 1-chain), disulfide with human monoclonal CNTO888 kappa-chain, dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3537194"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915404-94-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6TC1BB2EV9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573742"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573742"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6442H9966N1706O2018S40"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CCL2_Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_CNTO_888"}]}}{"C955":{"preferredName":"Carmofur","code":"C955","definitions":[{"description":"An antimetabolite (pyrimidine analogue) antineoplastic derivative of 5-fluorouracil. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1(2H)-Pyrimidinecarboxamide, 5-fluoro-N-hexyl-3,4-dihydro-2,4-dioxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Hexylcarbamoyl-5-Fluorouracil","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARMOFUR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carmofur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCFU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0044401"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"61422-45-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HA82M3RAB2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H16FN3O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carmofur"}]}}{"C349":{"preferredName":"Carmustine","code":"C349","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antineoplastic nitrosourea. Carmustine alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. This agent also carbamoylates proteins, including DNA repair enzymes, resulting in an enhanced cytotoxic effect. Carmustine is highly lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier readily. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,3-Bis(beta-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Becenum","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Becenun","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiCNU","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bis(chloroethyl) Nitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bis-Chloronitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carmubris","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carmubris","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Carmustin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carmustine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carmustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carmustinum","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FDA 0345","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N'-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N,N'-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitrourean","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitrumon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitrumon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SK 27702","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRI 1720","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-139021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carmustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"409962"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007257"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154-93-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Brain tumors; colon cancer; lung cancer; lymphomas; Hodgkins and Non-Hodgkins; melanoma; multiple myeloma; mycosis fungoides"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U68WG3173Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43027"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43027"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H9Cl2N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carmustine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3423"}]}}{"C2487":{"preferredName":"Carmustine Implant","code":"C2487","definitions":[{"description":"A biodegradable wafer that is used to deliver the anticancer drug carmustine directly into a brain tumor site after the tumor has been removed by surgery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, biodegradable wafer containing the agent carmustine with antineoplastic activity. Used to deliver drug directly into a brain tumor site and typically implanted post-surgically, the wafer is made of a biodegradable poly-anhydride copolymer and contains the nitrosourea carmustine. As an antineoplastic nitrosourea, carmustine alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Carmustine also carbamoylates proteins, including DNA repair enzymes, resulting in an enhanced cytotoxic effect. Carmustine is highly lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier readily. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCNU Wafer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carmustine Copolymer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carmustine Implant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carmustine Implant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carmustine Wafer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carmustine Wafers","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliadel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliadel Wafer","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliadel Wafer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Gliadel Wafer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliadel Wafers","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polifeprosan 20 with Carmustine Implant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"polifeprosan 20 carmustine implant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"714372"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL381677"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Malignant glioma, adjuvant to surgery and radiation; Recurrent glioblastoma multiforme, adjuvant to surgery"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43142"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43142"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polifeprosan_20_with_Carmustine_Implant"}]}}{"C2602":{"preferredName":"Carmustine in Ethanol","code":"C2602","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation containing carmustine dissolved in ethanol for intra-tumoral administration that allows carmustine to enter both aqueous and lipid compartments of the target tissue. As an antineoplastic nitrosourea, carmustine alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Carmustine also carbamoylates proteins, including DNA repair enzymes, resulting in an enhanced cytotoxic effect. Carmustine is highly lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier readily.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carmustine in Ethanol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTI-015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935694"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38104"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38104"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carmustine_in_Ethanol"}]}}{"C102847":{"preferredName":"Carmustine Sustained-Release Implant Wafer","code":"C102847","definitions":[{"description":"A sustained release (SR) implant wafer containing the lipophilic nitrosourea carmustine (BCNU) with antineoplastic activity. Upon intracranial administration of the implant wafer and subsequent release of BCNU from the wafer, this agent alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in the disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. This wafer contains the biodegradable copolymer PLGA (poly(lactide-co-glycolide) as the major drug delivery vehicle which is slowly degraded into water and carbon dioxide thereby continously releasing BCNU over approximately 3-4 weeks. Compared to systemic administration of BCNU alone, this local SR formulation is able to maintain higher drug concentrations locally over a longer period of time while minimizing exposure to other tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CASANT Wafer","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carmustine Sustained-Release Implant Wafer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437131"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737196"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737196"}]}}{"C74010":{"preferredName":"Carotuximab","code":"C74010","definitions":[{"description":"A human/murine chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against endoglin (CD105) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Carotuximab binds to endoglin, which may result in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and decreased tumor cell proliferation. The glycoprotein endoglin is a transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF beta-1) accessory receptor that is highly expressed on tumor vessel endothelial cells and appears to be essential for angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAROTUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carotuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carotuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC 105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346810"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1268714-50-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YB2EWE6139"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"584952"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"584952"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-Endoglin_Chimeric_Monoclonal_Antibody_TRC105"}]}}{"C352":{"preferredName":"Carubicin","code":"C352","definitions":[{"description":"An anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Actinomadura carminata. Carubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S,3S)-3-acetyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-3,5,10,12-tetrahydroxy-6,11-dioxo-1-naphthacenyl 3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(8S-cis)-acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-1,6,8,11-tetrahydroxy-5,12-naphthacenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-O-demethyldaunorubicin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 8-acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3, 6-trideoxy-.alpha.-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9, 10-tetrahydro-1,6,8,11-tetra-hydroxy- (8S-cis)- (8CI 9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5,12-naphthacenedione, 8-acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-1,6,8,11-tetra-hydroxy-(8S-cis)-(8CI 9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,12-naphthacenedione, 8-acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-1,6,8,11-tetra-hydroxy-,(8S-cis)-(8CI)-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARMINOMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CARUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CMM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carminomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carminomycin I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Carminomycin I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Demethyldaunomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Karminomitsin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Karminomitsin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Karminomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"180024"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007308"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50935-04-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E7437K3983"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39175"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39175"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H27NO10"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carubicin"}]}}{"C1582":{"preferredName":"Carubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C1582","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic carubicin. Carubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"275649"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0282089"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52794-97-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4V3R166MB3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H27NO10.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carubicin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1441":{"preferredName":"Carzelesin","code":"C1441","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cyclopropylpyrroloindole prodrug analogue and DNA minor groove binding agent, with antineoplastic activity. After hydrolysis, the cyclopropyl group of carzelesin alkylates N3-adenine in a sequence-selective fashion. This results in tumor growth inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Benzofurancarboxamide, N-(2-((1-(chloromethyl)-1,6-dihydro-8-methyl-5-(((phenylamino)carbonyl)oxy)benzo(1,2-b:4,3-b')dipyrrol-3(2H)-yl)carbonyl)-1H-indol-5-yl)-6-(diethylamino)-, (S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARZELESIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Carzelesin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carzelesin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"U-80244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carzelesin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"619029"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0172048"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"119813-10-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"668UF07O1P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42571"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42571"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C41H37ClN6O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carzelesin"}]}}{"C1040":{"preferredName":"Carzinophilin","code":"C1040","definitions":[{"description":"An ethylenimine antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces sahachiroi. Carzinophilin forms interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARZINOPHILIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CARZINOPHILIN A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CZP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardinophillin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardinophyllin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carzinophilin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carzinophyllin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"20088"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054841"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1403-28-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"051R55X44C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carzinophilin"}]}}{"C118292":{"preferredName":"Ropocamptide","code":"C118292","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic form of a human antimicrobial peptide (37 amino acids), belonging to the cathelicidin family, with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection of the ropocamptide, this peptide increases p53 expression, and induces phosphatidylserine externalization, DNA fragmentation, cell cycle arrest and caspase-independent apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)/ endonuclease G (EndoG)-mediated apoptotic cell death in susceptible cancer cells. This suppresses tumor cell proliferation. LL-37, a protein secreted by bone marrow cells, circulating leukocytes, and various epithelial tissues, plays a crucial role in the innate host immune defense via the regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis and cytokine production; it also promotes wound healing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antimicrobial Peptide, Human LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cathelicidin LL-37","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LL-37","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROPOCAMPTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ropocamptide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ropocamptide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0391752"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3DD771JO2H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764409"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764409"}]}}{"C69130":{"preferredName":"Cationic Liposome-Encapsulated Paclitaxel","code":"C69130","definitions":[{"description":"A cationic liposome preparation of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel, the active ingredient in cationic liposome-encapsulated paclitaxel, binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, resulting in the inhibition of mitosis and cellular proliferation, and apoptosis. Cationic liposome encapsulation of paclitaxel allows the delivery of high doses of paclitaxel to target tissues while minimizing systemic toxicity. Tumor endothelial cells may preferentially bind and internalize cationic liposomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cationic Liposome-Encapsulated Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EndoTAG-1","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LipoPac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBT-0206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1722887"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543136"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543136"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cationic_Liposome-Encapsulated_Paclitaxel"}]}}{"C62445":{"preferredName":"Catumaxomab","code":"C62445","definitions":[{"description":"A trifunctional bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Catumaxomab has two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen; and one for human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), a cell surface antigen expressed by a variety of epithelial tumor cells. In addition, the modified Fc portion of this antibody binds Fc receptors on antigen presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). Catumaxomab brings T cells, EpCAM-expressing epithelial tumor cells and APCs together into tricellular complexes, which may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against EpCAM-expressing epithelial tumor cells. Fc-mediated binding of APCs in the tricellular complex potentiates EpCAM antigen presentation to T cells and the activation of anti-tumor cytotoxic T cell functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CATUMAXOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Catumaxomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Catumaxomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Removab","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17622246"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831854"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M2HPV837HO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487002"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487002"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Catumaxomab"}]}}{"C95894":{"preferredName":"CBP/beta-catenin Antagonist PRI-724","code":"C95894","definitions":[{"description":"A potent, specific inhibitor of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in cancer stem cells with potential antineoplastic activity. Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor PRI-724 specifically inhibits the recruiting of beta-catenin with its coactivator CBP (the binding protein of the cAMP response element-binding protein CREB); together with other transcription factors beta-catenin/CBP binds to WRE (Wnt-responsive element) and activates transcription of a wide range of target genes of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. Blocking the interaction of CBP and beta-catenin by this agent prevents gene expression of many proteins necessary for growth, thereby potentially suppressing cancer cell growth. The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway regulates cell morphology, motility, and proliferation; aberrant regulation of this pathway leads to neoplastic proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CBP/beta-catenin Antagonist PRI-724","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CBP/beta-catenin Antagonist PRI-724","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRI-724","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428291"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696436"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696436"}]}}{"C153376":{"preferredName":"CBP/beta-catenin Modulator E7386","code":"C153376","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, specific inhibitor of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CBP/beta-catenin modulator E7386 inhibits beta-catenin and prevents the interaction of beta-catenin with its transcriptional coactivator, CREB (cAMP response element-binding) binding protein (CBP). This prevents binding of beta-catenin/CBP to WRE (Wnt-responsive element), and inhibits the activation of transcription of a wide range of target genes of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, thereby preventing gene expression of many Wnt-related, pro-survival proteins and suppressing tumor cell growth. The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway regulates cell morphology, motility, and proliferation; aberrant regulation of this pathway leads to neoplastic proliferation. Beta-catenin is frequently mutated in various tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CBP/beta-catenin Modulator E7386","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E 7386","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E-7386","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7386","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554532"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793902"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793902"}]}}{"C120302":{"preferredName":"CCR2 Antagonist CCX872-B","code":"C120302","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available human C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) antagonist, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CCR2 antagonist CCX872-B specifically binds to CCR2 and prevents the binding its cognate endothelium-derived chemokine ligand CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or MCP1). This may result in the inhibition of both CCR2 activation and CCR2-mediated signal transduction, which may inhibit inflammatory processes, angiogenesis, tumor cell migration, and tumor cell proliferation. The G-protein coupled receptor CCR2 is expressed on the surface of monocytes and macrophages, and stimulates their migration and infiltration; it plays a key role in inflammation. CCR2 is overexpressed in certain cancer cell types, where it is involved in angiogenesis, tumor cell migration and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCR2 Antagonist CCX872-B","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CCR2 Antagonist CCX872-B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCX872-B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896888"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768571"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768571"}]}}{"C97507":{"preferredName":"CCR2 Antagonist PF-04136309","code":"C97507","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available human chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) antagonist with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CCR2 antagonist PF-04136309 specifically binds to CCR2 and prevents binding of the endothelium-derived chemokine ligand CLL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or MCP1) to its receptor CCR2, which may result in inhibition of CCR2 activation and signal transduction. This may inhibit inflammatory processes as well as angiogenesis, tumor cell migration, and tumor cell proliferation. The G-protein coupled receptor CCR2 is expressed on the surface of monocytes and macrophages, stimulates the migration and infiltration of these cell types, and plays an important role in inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor cell migration and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCR2 Antagonist PF-04136309","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CCR2 Antagonist PF-04136309","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04136309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430252"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703421"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703421"}]}}{"C139550":{"preferredName":"CCR2/CCR5 Antagonist BMS-813160","code":"C139550","definitions":[{"description":"An antagonist of both human C-C chemokine receptor types 2 (CCR2; CD192) and 5 (CCR5; CD195), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CCR2/CCR5 antagonist BMS-813160 specifically binds and prevents the activation of both CCR2 and CCR5. This inhibits the activation of CCR2/CCR5-mediated signal transduction pathways and may inhibit inflammatory processes, angiogenesis, tumor cell migration, tumor cell proliferation and invasion. The G-protein coupled chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5 are expressed on the surface of monocytes and macrophages, and stimulate their migration and infiltration; they play key roles in inflammation and autoimmune disease. CCR2 and CCR5 are overexpressed in certain cancer cell types, and are also involved in angiogenesis, and in tumor cell migration, proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-1-[(1S,2R,4R)-4-isopropyl(methyl)amino)-2-propylcyclohexyl]-3-(6(trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-4-ylamino)pyrrolidin-2-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-813160","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCR2/CCR5 Antagonist BMS-813160","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CCR2/CCR5 Antagonist BMS-813160","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3490973"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791102"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791102"}]}}{"C157240":{"preferredName":"CCR4 Inhibitor FLX475","code":"C157240","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule antagonist of C-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CCR4) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, FLX475 inhibits the binding of CCR4 to its signaling molecules, thereby blocking the recruitment of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) to the tumor microenvironment (TME). This may abrogate the immunosuppressive effects of Tregs and promote an effective anti-tumor immune response. CCR4, a chemokine receptor normally expressed on circulating and tissue-resident T-cells, is highly expressed on circulating Tregs and is associated with poor prognosis in certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCR4 Inhibitor FLX475","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CCR4 Inhibitor FLX475","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLX 475","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLX-475","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLX475","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936884"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796771"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796771"}]}}{"C129596":{"preferredName":"CD4-specific Telomerase Peptide Vaccine UCPVax","code":"C129596","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic peptide vaccine containing the human telomerase reverse transcriptase catalytic subunit (hTERT)-derived universal cancer peptides 2 (UCP2) and 4 (UCP4), and combined with the immunoadjuvant Montanide ISA 51 VG, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the CD4-specific telomerase peptide vaccine UCPVax activates the immune system to mount a T-helper 1 (TH1) CD4-positive T-lymphocyte immune response against and ultimately killing telomerase-expressing cells. Telomerase, a reverse transcriptase normally repressed in healthy cells, is overexpressed in most cancer cells and plays a key role in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD4-specific Telomerase Peptide Vaccine UCPVax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCP2/UCP4 CD4-specific Telomerase Peptide Vaccine UCPVax","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCPVax","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512660"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783988"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783988"}]}}{"C74008":{"preferredName":"CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CP-870,893","code":"C74008","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody (mAb) agonist of the cell surface receptor CD40 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Similar to the CD40 ligand (CD40L or CD154), CD40 agonist monoclonal antibody CP-870,893 binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types, triggering the cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), activating B cells and T cells, and enhancing the immune response; in addition, this agent may activate CD40 present on the surfaces of some solid tumor cells, resulting in apoptosis and decreased tumor growth. CD40, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on various immune cells, many B-cell malignancies, and some solid tumors, mediating both indirect tumor cell killing through the activation of the immune system and direct tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CP-870,893","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CP-870,893","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-870,893","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1869412"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"588974"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"588974"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD40_Monoclonal_Antibody_CP-870_893"}]}}{"C123734":{"preferredName":"Sotigalimab","code":"C123734","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody agonist of the cell surface receptor CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Similar to the endogenous CD40 ligand (CD40L or CD154), sotigalimab binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This triggers the cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and activates B-cells, and effector and memory T-cells. This results in an enhanced immune response against tumor cells. Sotigalimab also binds to and activates CD40 present on the surfaces of some solid tumor cells, leading to apoptosis and decreased tumor growth. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on various immune cells and certain cancer cells; it mediates both indirect tumor cell killing through the activation of the immune system and direct tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APX 005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APX 005M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APX-005M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APX005M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody APX005M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPI-0050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOTIGALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sotigalimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sotigalimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053581"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2305607-45-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JEA93WJ5DG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775520"}]}}{"C142813":{"preferredName":"CD44 Targeted Agent SPL-108","code":"C142813","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary agent that targets the cancer stem cell (CSC) antigen CD44, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action has not been elucidated, following subcutaneous administration, CD44 targeted agent SPL-108 binds to CD44 and prevents the activation of various CD44-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may lead to reduced proliferation of CD44-expressing tumor stem cells. CD44, a transmembrane glycoprotein and hyaluronic acid receptor, is expressed in healthy tissue and overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types; it plays a key role in the proliferation, migration and survival of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD44 Targeted Agent SPL-108","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD44 Targeted Agent SPL-108","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPL 108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPL-108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540705"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789749"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789749"}]}}{"C132851":{"preferredName":"CD47 Antagonist ALX148","code":"C132851","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) that antagonizes the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ALX148 binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and prevents the interaction of CD47 with its ligand SIRPa, a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of the pro-phagocytic signal calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages. This results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. In addition, blocking CD47 signaling activates both an anti-tumor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response and T cell-mediated killing of CD47-expressing tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALX 148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALX-148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALX-148","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ALX148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD47 Antagonist ALX148","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD47 Antagonist ALX148","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD47/SIRPa-blocking Agent ALX148","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIRPa Variant ALX148","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL519706"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X7K762X1IJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787529"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787529"}]}}{"C126641":{"preferredName":"Simurosertib","code":"C126641","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cell division cycle 7 (cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase; CDC7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, simurosertib binds to and inhibits CDC7; this prevents the initiation of DNA replication during mitosis, which causes cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis. This inhibits cell growth in CDC7-overexpressing tumor cells. CDC7, a serine/threonine kinase and cell division cycle protein, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in the activation of DNA replication and the regulation of cell cycle progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cell Division Cycle 7 Inhibitor TAK-931","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIMUROSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Simurosertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Simurosertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK 931","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-931","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thieno(3,2-d)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one, 2-(2S)-1-Azabicyclo(2.2.2)oct-2-yl-6-(3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL505074"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1330782-76-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LST350G3XU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779700"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779700"}]}}{"C82418":{"preferredName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor BMS-863233","code":"C82418","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable cell division cycle 7 homolog (CDC7) kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. CDC7 kinase inhibitor BMS-863233 binds to and inhibits the activity of CDC7, which may result in the inhibition of DNA replication and mitosis, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in CDC7-overexpressing tumor cells. CDC7, a serine-threonine kinase overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA replication by activating origins of replication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-863233","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor BMS-863233","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor BMS-863233","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cell Division Cycle 7 Homolog Kinase Inhibitor BMS-863233","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408681"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637599"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637599"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CDC7_Kinase_Inhibitor_BMS-863233"}]}}{"C148509":{"preferredName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor LY3143921 Hydrate","code":"C148509","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrated form of an orally bioavailable inhibitor of cell division cycle 7 (CDC7) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of CDC7 kinase inhibitor LY3143921 hydrate, LY3143921 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDC7, which may result in the inhibition of DNA replication and mitosis, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in CDC7-overexpressing tumor cells. The serine-threonine kinase CDC7 plays a key role in DNA replication by binding to and phosphorylating serine (Ser)-40 and 53 of MCM2 (minichromosome maintenance complex component 2), which is required for the initiation of DNA replication. Although expressed at low levels in healthy, normal cells, CDC7 is expressed at much higher levels in cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor LY3143921 Hydrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3143921 Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3143921 Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551033"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792646"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792646"}]}}{"C88316":{"preferredName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor NMS-1116354","code":"C88316","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable cell division cycle 7 homolog (CDC7) kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. CDC7 kinase inhibitor NMS-1116354 binds to and inhibits the activity of CDC7, which may result in the inhibition of DNA replication and mitosis, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in CDC7-overexpressing tumor cells. The serine-threonine kinase CDC7 initiates DNA replication by phosphorylating MCM2 (minichromosome maintenance complex component 2) at Ser40 and Ser53.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor NMS-1116354","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor NMS-1116354","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMS-1116354","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413571"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660731"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660731"}]}}{"C64761":{"preferredName":"CDK Inhibitor AT7519","code":"C64761","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. AT7519M blocks enzymes needed for cells to divide. It is a type of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. AT7519M selectively binds to and inhibits cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs), which may result in cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases involved in regulation of the cell cycle and may be overexpressed in some types of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AT-7519","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AT7519","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT7519M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT7519M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CDK Inhibitor AT7519","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK inhibitor AT7519M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CDKI AT7519","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor AT7519M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879520"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"844442-38-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X1BF92PW9T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513177"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513177"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H17Cl2N5O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AT7519M"}]}}{"C64544":{"preferredName":"CDK Inhibitor R547","code":"C64544","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable diaminopyrimidine compound and a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. CDKs are ATP-dependent serine/threonine kinases that are important regulators of cell cycle progression and are frequently overexpressed in cancerous cells. R547 selectively binds to and inhibits CDKs, especially CDK1/cyclin B, CDK2/cyclin E, and CDK4/cyclin D1. The inhibition of CDKs results in cell cycle arrest, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and induction of apoptosis. By inhibiting CDK activity, R547 also reduces phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, thereby preventing activation of transcription factor E2F and leading to further suppression of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK Inhibitor R547","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor R547","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor R547","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R 547","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-547","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"R547","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 4584820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-4584820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO4584820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832011"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"741713-40-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T61871RKRI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529189"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529189"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"R547"}]}}{"C62523":{"preferredName":"CDK Inhibitor SNS-032","code":"C62523","definitions":[{"description":"A small aminothiazole molecule and cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. SNS-032 binds to and prevents the phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases, especially CDK2, 7, and 9 that regulate cell cycle progression. Inhibition of CDKs leads to cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis. As a result, this agent causes cytotoxicity and prevents further tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-387032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK Inhibitor SNS-032","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS-032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1451099"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488948"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488948"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SNS-032"}]}}{"C105851":{"preferredName":"Zotiraciclib Citrate","code":"C105851","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable citrate salt form of zotiraciclib a multi-kinase inhibitor for cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) subtypes 1, 2, 7 and 9, Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2), FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, FLK2, STK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK/JAK2/FLT3 Inhibitor TG02 binds to and inhibits the CDK subtypes, JAK2, and FLT3. TG02 also inhibits, to a lesser extent, TYK2, TYRO3, STAT5 and P38delta. This may result in both an induction of apoptosis and an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress these kinases. JAK2, often upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cells, mediates STAT3 activation and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases that play key roles in the regulation of the cell cycle and cellular proliferation. FLT3, a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage and acute myeloid leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"20-Oxa-5,7,14,27-tetraazatetracyclo(19.3.1.12,6.18,12)heptacosa-1(25),2,4,6(27),8,10,12(26),16,21,23-decaene, 14-Methyl-, 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB1317 Citrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG02 Citrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZOTIRACICLIB CITRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zotiraciclib Citrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zotiraciclib Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447179"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1204918-73-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3VF50SU4RZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686272"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686272"}]}}{"C163985":{"preferredName":"Avotaciclib","code":"C163985","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, avotaciclib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK1. This may inhibit cancer stem cell (CSC) division, cause cell cycle arrest, and induce apoptosis. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. CDK1, an ATP-dependent serine/threonine kinase, plays a key role in regulating cell division, cell cycle progression and proliferation. It is frequently overexpressed in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVOTACICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Avotaciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEY 1107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEY-1107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEY-A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEY1107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEY1107G","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BEY1107P","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK1 Inhibitor BEY1107","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977268"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1983983-41-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z6BYC0F36E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799135"}]}}{"C52182":{"preferredName":"CDK1/2/4 Inhibitor AG-024322","code":"C52182","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. AG-024322 selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases (particularly CDK1,2 and 4), enzymes that regulate cell cycle progression. Inhibition of CDK may result in cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of DNA replication and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG-024322","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG-24322","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG-24322","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CDK1/2/4 Inhibitor AG-024322","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706655"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"837364-57-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"926F8X7TNO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459491"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459491"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AG-024322"}]}}{"C155956":{"preferredName":"CDK2/4/6/FLT3 Inhibitor FN-1501","code":"C155956","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule multi-kinase inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) subtypes 2 (CDK2), 4 (CDK4), and 6 (CDK6) and FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, FLK2, STK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, CDK2/4/6/FLT3 inhibitor FN-1501 binds to and inhibits CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6, as well as FLT3. This may induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress these kinases. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases that assist in cell cycle regulation and cellular proliferation. FLT3, a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in many cancer types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-((7H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-N-(4-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK/FLT3 Inhibitor FN-1501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK2/4/6/FLT3 Inhibitor FN-1501","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDK2/4/6/FLT3 Inhibitor FN-1501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FN 1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FN-1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FN1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562813"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1429515-59-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795267"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795267"}]}}{"C123902":{"preferredName":"Fadraciclib","code":"C123902","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinases 2, 5 and 9 (CDK2/5/9), with potential antineoplastic and chemoprotective activities. Upon oral administration, fadraciclib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK2, 5 and 9, which leads to inhibition of CDK2, 5 and 9-dependent cellular pathways, downregulation of genes involved in the pro-survival pathway, prevention of the activation of DNA double-strand break repair pathways, and induction of both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This inhibits the proliferation of CDK2/5/9-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, CYC065 protects hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), prevents myelosuppression, and preserves the function of the bone marrow. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and may be overexpressed in certain cancer cell types; they play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, the regulation of transcription, and DNA damage repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYC065","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2/5/9 CYC065","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FADRACICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fadraciclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fadraciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498266"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1070790-89-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YET2XNU791"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775991"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775991"}]}}{"C80049":{"preferredName":"CDK4 Inhibitor P1446A-05","code":"C80049","definitions":[{"description":"A protein kinase inhibitor specific for the cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) with potential antineoplastic activity. CDK4 inhibitor P1446A-05 specifically inhibits CDK4-mediated G1-S phase transition, arresting cell cycling and inhibiting cancer cell growth. The serine/threonine kinase CDK4 is found in a complex with D-type G1 cyclins and is the first kinase to become activated upon mitogenic stimulation, releasing cells from a quiescent stage into the G1/S growth cycling stage; CDK-cyclin complexes have been shown to phosphorylate the retinoblastoma (Rb) transcription factor in early G1, displacing histone deacetylase (HDAC) and blocking transcriptional repression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK4 Inhibitor P1446A-05","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDK4 Inhibitor P1446A-05","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P1446A-05","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388407"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"618682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"618682"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CDK4_Serine_Threonine_Kinase_Inhibitor_P1446A-05"}]}}{"C157481":{"preferredName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor BPI-16350","code":"C157481","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor BPI-16350 selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of both cell cycle progression from the G1-phase into the S-phase and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BPI 16350","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI-16350","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI16350","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor BPI-16350","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937081"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796716"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796716"}]}}{"C165199":{"preferredName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor FCN-437","code":"C165199","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor FCN-437 selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1/S transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play key roles in the regulation of both cell cycle progression from the G1-phase into the S-phase and cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor FCN-437","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor FCN-437","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin-dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitor FCN-437","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCN 437","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCN-437","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCN-437c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCN437","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978411"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799711"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799711"}]}}{"C138165":{"preferredName":"Lerociclib","code":"C138165","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lerociclib selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of both cell cycle progression from the G1-phase into the S-phase and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7',8'-Dihydro-2'-((5-(4-(1-methylethyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-pyridinyl)amino)spiro(cyclohexane-1,9'(6'H)-pyrazino(1',2':1,5)pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin)-6'-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor G1T38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1T38","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1T38 Free Base","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEROCICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lerociclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lerociclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525730"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1628256-23-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WBH8AY6ENB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790539"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790539"}]}}{"C125899":{"preferredName":"Dalpiciclib","code":"C125899","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, dalpiciclib selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6). This inhibits retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation early in the G1 phase, which prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of cell cycle progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor SHR6390","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DALPICICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dalpiciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-6390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR6390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504548"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1637781-04-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5ZHA5P4PFX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778742"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778742"}]}}{"C155652":{"preferredName":"Samuraciclib","code":"C155652","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, samuraciclib selectively and competitively binds to the CDK7 ATP binding site, thereby inhibiting CDK7-mediated signaling. CDK7, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a role in controlling cell cycle progression, transcriptional regulation, and promotes the expression of key oncogenes such as c-Myc through the phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II. Inhibition of CDK7 may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in certain cancers that are dependent on CDK7-mediated transcriptional regulation and signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK7 Inhibitor CT7001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT 7001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-7001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT7001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAMURACICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Samuraciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556268"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1805833-75-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"46D4HS9ODA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794642"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794642"}]}}{"C139552":{"preferredName":"Mevociclib","code":"C139552","definitions":[{"description":"A selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SY-1365 binds to and inhibits CDK7, thereby inhibiting CDK7-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits cell growth of CDK7-overexpressing tumor cells. CDK7, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a key role in cell proliferation; CDK7 is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK7 Inhibitor SY-1365","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEVOCICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mevociclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mevociclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SY-1365","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SY1365","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526907"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1816989-16-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"704LW082GI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791104"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791104"}]}}{"C153377":{"preferredName":"CDK9 Inhibitor AZD4573","code":"C153377","definitions":[{"description":"A selective, short-acting inhibitor of the serine/threonine cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), the catalytic subunit of the RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) elongation factor positive transcription elongation factor b (PTEF-b; PTEFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, AZD4573 binds to and blocks the phosphorylation and kinase activity of CDK9, thereby preventing PTEFb-mediated activation of RNA Pol II, leading to the inhibition of gene transcription of various anti-apoptotic proteins. This induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and leads to a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. CDK9 regulates elongation of transcription through phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II at serine 2 (p-Ser2-RNAPII). It is upregulated in various tumor cell types and plays a key role in the regulation of Pol II-mediated transcription of anti-apoptotic proteins. Tumor cells are dependent on anti-apoptotic proteins for their survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 4573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-4573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD4573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK9 Inhibitor AZD4573","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDK9 Inhibitor AZD4573","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554533"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793903"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793903"}]}}{"C131129":{"preferredName":"CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM Vaccine CV301","code":"C131129","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer prime/boost vaccine-based immunotherapeutic consisting of a prime, which is comprised of a proprietary version of the recombinant vaccinia viral vector, modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) and a recombinant fowlpox viral vector, used for the boosts, encoding both the two tumor-associated antigens (TAA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and mucin-1 (MUC-1), and TRICOM, which is comprised of three immune-enhancing co-stimulatory molecules, B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The administration of the vaccinia priming dose is followed by multiple boosting doses of the fowlpox vector. CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM Vaccine CV301 may enhance presentation of CEA and MUC-1 to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and may activate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA- and MUC-1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, CV301 upregulates the expression of PD-L1 due to CTL-mediated tumor attack; additionally, when combined with a PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor, the antitumor effect may be increased. CEA and MUC-1 are overexpressed in certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV301-V/F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVAC-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-BN/Fowlpox-CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANVAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513447"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787798"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787798"}]}}{"C159892":{"preferredName":"CEA-targeting Agent RG6123","code":"C159892","definitions":[{"description":"An agent targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CEA-targeting agent RG6123 targets and binds to human CEA that is specifically expressed on certain tumor cells. This may, through an as of yet not elucidated mechanism of action, kill CEA-expressing tumor cells. CEA is overexpressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEA-targeting Agent RG6123","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CEA-targeting Agent RG6123","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 6123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-6123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7172508","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-7172508","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7172508","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL968916"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797964"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797964"}]}}{"C126800":{"preferredName":"CEBPA-targeting saRNA MTL-CEBPA Liposome","code":"C126800","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid-based nanoparticle formulation composed of liposomes encapsulating a small oligonucleotide encoding a small activating RNA (saRNA) targeting the CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPA; C/EBP-a) gene, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action through which saRNAs exert their effect(s) is still largely being investigated, it appears that, upon administration, the CEBPA-targeting saRNA MTL-CEBPA liposome targets and binds to a specific DNA regulatory target region, most likely the promoter region, for the CEBPA gene. This restores CEBPA gene transcription, and increases both CEBPA mRNA levels and protein expression. This in turn activates the expression of tumor suppressor genes and may halt proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. Specifically, upregulation of CEBPA in liver cells abrogates liver cancer cell proliferation, thereby prevents liver failure and normalizes liver function. CEBPA, a transcription factor that plays a key role in the regulation of the expression of genes with many functions, including those involved in cellular proliferation, metastasis and normal hepatocyte function, is found in many tissues, including liver cells, adipose tissue and myeloid cells. CEBPA is downregulated in certain types of cancer cells, such as liver cancer cells. saRNA is a short, double-stranded RNA that is structurally related to siRNAs; saRNA is most likely to bind to a target site on the promoter of the CEBPA gene and upregulates its gene expression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEBPA-targeting saRNA MTL-CEBPA Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTL-501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTL-CEBPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507895"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780224"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780224"}]}}{"C164146":{"preferredName":"Cedazuridine","code":"C164146","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available synthetic nucleoside analog derived from tetrahydrouridine (THU) and cytidine deaminase inhibitor (CDAi), that can potentially be used to prevent the breakdown of cytidines. Upon oral administration, cedazuridine binds to and inhibits CDA, an enzyme primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver that catalyzes the deamination of cytidine and cytidine analogs. Given in combination with a cytidine, such as the antineoplastic hypomethylating agent decitabine, it specifically prevents its breakdown and increases its bioavailability and efficacy. In addition, this allows for lower doses of decitabine to be administered, which results in decreased decitabine-associated GI toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4R)-2'-Deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrouridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDA Inhibitor E7727","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEDAZURIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cedazuridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cedazuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7727","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uridine, 2'-Deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-, (4R)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977331"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1141397-80-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"39IS23Q1EW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799445"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799445"}]}}{"C115102":{"preferredName":"Decitabine and Cedazuridine","code":"C115102","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available fixed-dose combination agent containing cedazuridine, a cytidine deaminase (CDA) inhibitor, and the cytidine antimetabolite decitabine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of tdecitabine and cedazuridine, cedazuridine binds to and inhibits CDA, an enzyme primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver that catalyzes the deamination of cytidine and cytidine analogs. This prevents the breakdown of decitabine, increases its bioavailability and efficacy while decreasing GI toxicity due to the administration of lower doses of decitabine. Decitabine exerts its antineoplastic activity through the incorporation of its triphosphate form into DNA, which inhibits DNA methyltransferase and results in hypomethylation of DNA. This interferes with DNA replication and decreases tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASTX727","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDA Inhibitor E7727/Decitabine Combination Agent ASTX727","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cedazuridine/Decitabine Combination Agent ASTX727","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cedazuridine/Decitabine Tablet","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Decitabine and Cedazuridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Decitabine and Cedazuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inqovi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472633"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759831"}]}}{"C78081":{"preferredName":"Cedefingol","code":"C78081","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of sphingosine, with potential antineoplastic activity. As a sphingosine derivative, cedefingol appears to inhibit protein kinase C (PKC), a kinase that plays an important role in tumorigenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEDEFINGOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cedefingol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699130"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"35301-24-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"81HH79X39W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H41NO3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cedefingol"}]}}{"C80867":{"preferredName":"Cediranib","code":"C80867","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[(4-fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)oxy]-6-methoxy-7-[3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propoxy]quinazoline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD2171","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEDIRANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cediranib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cediranib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1698364"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"288383-20-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NQU9IPY4K9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H27FN4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cediranib"}]}}{"C48379":{"preferredName":"Cediranib Maleate","code":"C48379","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Cediranib maleate may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent and a type of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The maleate salt of an indole ether quinazoline derivative with antineoplastic activities. Competing with adenosine triphosphate, cediranib binds to and inhibits all three vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR-1,-2,-3) tyrosine kinases, thereby blocking VEGF-signaling, angiogenesis, and tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD2171","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AZD2171 Maleate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEDIRANIB MALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cediranib Maleate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cediranib Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Quinazoline, 4-((4-fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)oxy)-6-methoxy-7-(3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)propoxy)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recentin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recentin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cediranib maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"732208"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541530"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"857036-77-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"68AYS9A614"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425596"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425596"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H27FN4O3.C4H4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AZD2171"}]}}{"C1728":{"preferredName":"Celecoxib","code":"C1728","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that reduces pain. Celecoxib belongs to the family of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. It is being studied in the prevention of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with a diaryl-substituted pyrazole structure. Celecoxib selectively inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 activity (COX-2); COX-2 inhibition may result in apoptosis and a reduction in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, 4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CELECOXIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CELECOXIB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Celebrex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Celecoxib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Celecoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Celecoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-58635","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM 177","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"celecoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"719627"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0538927"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"169590-42-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute pain; Familial adenomatous polyposis; Primary dysmenorrhea; Osteoarthritis; Rheumatoid arthritis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JCX84Q7J1L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43023"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H14F3N3O2S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Celecoxib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:41423"}]}}{"C67075":{"preferredName":"Cell Cycle Checkpoint/DNA Repair Antagonist IC83","code":"C67075","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary agent with potential antineoplastic activity. IC83 appears to target cell cycle checkpoint/DNA repair enzymes, which are involved in the recognition and repair of damaged DNA and are overexpressed in many types of cancer cells. Inhibition of cell cycle checkpoint/DNA repair enzymes may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA damaging agents and dissipate tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cell Cycle Checkpoint/DNA Repair Antagonist IC83","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cell Cycle Checkpoint/DNA Repair Antagonist IC83","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IC83","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881108"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536220"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536220"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"IC83"}]}}{"C75875":{"preferredName":"Cemadotin","code":"C75875","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic dolastatin 15 analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Cemadotin suppresses spindle microtubule dynamics by binding to tubulin, thereby blocking mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEMADOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cemadotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LU-103793","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LU103793","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"D-669356"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0754175"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"159776-69-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6SQ8M7ZSFV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C35H56N6O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cemadotin_Base"}]}}{"C1634":{"preferredName":"Cemadotin Hydrochloride","code":"C1634","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that reduces the risk of tumor cell growth and reproduction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of cemadotin, a synthetic dolastatin 15 analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Cemadotin suppresses spindle microtubule dynamics by binding to tubulin, thereby blocking mitosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEMADOTIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cemadotin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cemadotin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LU-103793","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LU-103793","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LU103793","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"CCR recorded NSC-D-669356"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"D-669356"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0299746"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4LJQ1IXS6C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42651"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42651"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cemadotin"}]}}{"C121540":{"preferredName":"Cemiplimab","code":"C121540","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1, PCD-1) protein, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cemiplimab binds to PD-1, inhibits its binding to the PD-1 ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and prevents the activation of its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of cytotoxic T-cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligand; it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEMIPLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cemiplimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cemiplimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cemiplimab RWLC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cemiplimab-rwlc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4, Anti-(Human Programmed Cell Death Protein 1) (Human Monoclonal REGN2810 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal REGN2810 kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Libtayo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN2810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053601"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1801342-60-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) or locally advanced CSCC"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6QVL057INT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770083"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770083"}]}}{"C37454":{"preferredName":"Cenersen","code":"C37454","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphorothioate oligonucleotide harboring nucleotide sequences complementary to tumor suppressor p53 mRNA. Cenersen hybridizes with p53 mRNA molecules, and induces Rnase H dependent hydrolysis of p53 transcripts in the double stranded section of the hybrids, thereby resulting in loss of p53 production. Loss of p53 activity leads to sensitization of cancer cells to other therapeutics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aezea","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CENERSEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cenersen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cenersen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EL625","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OL(1)p53","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700610"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"415168-49-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K6KJ8AZ05F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354249"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354249"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"EL625"}]}}{"C64540":{"preferredName":"Cenisertib","code":"C64540","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Cenisertib selectively binds to and inhibits aurora kinases (AKs), a family of serine-threonine kinases which are important regulators of cell division and proliferation, and which are overexpressed in certain types of cancer. Inhibition of aurora kinases inhibits cell division and proliferation and induces apoptosis in tumor cells overexpressing AKs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AS703569","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor AS703569","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CENISERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cenisertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cenisertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R763","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3853900"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"871357-89-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5277GPA358"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"522734"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"522734"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H30FN7O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"R763"}]}}{"C91080":{"preferredName":"CENP-E Inhibitor GSK-923295","code":"C91080","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of the mitotic kinesin centromere-associated protein E (CENP-E), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GSK-923295 binds to and inhibits CENP-E, thereby preventing cell division, inducing cell cycle arrest, and ultimately leading to an inhibition of cell proliferation. CENP-E, a kinetochore-associated mitotic kinesin, plays an essential role in chromosome movement during mitosis and regulates cell-cycle transition from metaphase to anaphase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CENP-E Inhibitor GSK-923295","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CENP-E Inhibitor GSK-923295","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Centromere-Associated Protein E Inhibitor GSK-923295","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-923295","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376164"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"562003"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"562003"}]}}{"C111993":{"preferredName":"Ceralasertib","code":"C111993","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available morpholino-pyrimidine-based inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Ceralasertib selectively inhibits ATR activity by blocking the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase CHK1. This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, and results in the inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, AZD6738 sensitizes tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in DNA repair, cell cycle progression and survival; it is activated by DNA damage caused during DNA replication-associated stress.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD6738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CERALASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ceralasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ceralasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454282"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1352226-88-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"85RE35306Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754022"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754022"}]}}{"C131434":{"preferredName":"Ceramide Nanoliposome","code":"C131434","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid-based nanoparticle formulation composed of the apoptosis-inducing sphingolipid ceramide encapsulated within nanoliposomes, with potential apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ceramide nanoliposomes accumulate in the tumor environment, due to the unique properties of the tumor vasculature, and easily enter tumor cells. This delivers ceramide inside the tumor cells, where ceramide induces apoptosis. Although the process is not completely understood, ceramide-dependent apoptosis most likely results from the downregulation of nutrient transporter proteins, which prevents cellular access to extracellular nutrients and causes tumor cell starvation. This selectively destroys tumor cells. Ceramide alone is insoluble and has a very short half-life; therefore, the nanoliposome formulation increases its solubility and half-life. Ceramide plays a key role in the regulation of autophagy, apoptosis, survival and proliferation. Serving as a tumor suppressor lipid, the expression of ceramide is inversely correlated with tumor cell growth, survival and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ceramide Nanoliposome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ceramide Nanoliposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoliposomal Ceramide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514701"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786010"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786010"}]}}{"C113173":{"preferredName":"Cerdulatinib","code":"C113173","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable dual inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and Janus-associated kinases (JAK), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, cerdulatinib specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of Syk, JAK1, and JAK3 with preferential inhibition of JAK1 and JAK3-dependent cytokine-mediated signaling and functional responses. This negatively affects the downstream JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway, and leads to both reduced inflammation in various animal models and enhanced antiproliferative activity towards non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) cell lines. Syk is a non-receptor cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase involved in signal transduction in cells of hematopoietic origin including B cells, macrophages, basophils and neutrophils. Abnormal function of Syk has been implicated in several hematopoietic malignancies including NHL and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The JAK-STAT pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is involved in cellular proliferation, growth, hematopoiesis, and the immune response; JAK kinases may be upregulated in inflammatory diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, and various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CERDULATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cerdulatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRT-062070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRT062070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syk-JAK Inhibitor PRT062070","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Syk/JAK Inhibitor PRT062070","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827083"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1198300-79-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D1LXQ45S1O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755483"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755483"}]}}{"C146660":{"preferredName":"Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Agent CC-92480","code":"C146660","definitions":[{"description":"A modulator of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing cereblon (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cereblon E3 ubiquitin ligase modulating agent CC-92480 specifically binds to cereblon (CRBN), thereby affecting the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity, and targeting certain substrate proteins for ubiquitination. This induces proteasome-mediated degradation of certain transcription factors, some of which are transcriptional repressors in T-cells. This leads to modulation of the immune system, including activation of T-lymphocytes, and downregulation of the activity of other proteins, some of which play key roles in the proliferation of certain cancer cell types. CRBN, the substrate recognition component of the CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, plays a key role in the ubiquitination of certain proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC 92480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-92480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CELMoD CC-92480","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cereblon E3 Ligase Modulation Drug CC-92480","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Agent CC-92480","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Agent CC-92480","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cereblon Modulator CC-92480","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544644"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792155"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792155"}]}}{"C131177":{"preferredName":"Cereblon Modulator CC-90009","code":"C131177","definitions":[{"description":"A modulator of cereblon (CRBN), which is part of the cullin 4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase; CUL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with potential immunomodulating and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, CC-90009 specifically binds to CRBN, thereby affecting the activity of the ubiquitin E3 ligase complex. This leads to the ubiquitination of certain substrate proteins and induces the proteasome-mediated degradation of certain transcription factors, including Ikaros (IKZF1) and Aiolos (IKZF3), which are transcriptional repressors in T-cells. This reduces the levels of these transcription factors, and modulates the activity of the immune system, which may include the activation of T-lymphocytes. In addition, this downregulates the expression of other proteins, including interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) and c-myc, which plays a key role in the proliferation of certain cancer cell types. CRBN, the substrate recognition component of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, plays a key role in the ubiquitination of certain proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC 90009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-90009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cereblon Modulator CC-90009","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cereblon Modulator CC-90009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514037"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785499"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785499"}]}}{"C141459":{"preferredName":"Cergutuzumab Amunaleukin","code":"C141459","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fusion protein comprised of cergutuzumab, a genetically engineered human immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody directed against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA, CEACAM5, CD66e), linked to amunaleukin, an engineered, mutated variant form of interleukin-2 (IL-2v), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of cergutuzumab amunaleukin, the cergutuzumab moiety recognizes and binds to CEA, thereby specifically targeting IL-2v to CEA-expressing tumor tissue. Subsequently, the IL-2v moiety stimulates a local immune response, which activates both natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-cells, and eventually leads to tumor cell killing. CEA is a cell surface protein that is expressed on a wide variety of cancer cells. The mutations found in IL-2v inhibit its binding to IL-2 receptor-alpha (CD25, IL2Ra), which prevents the activation of regulatory T-cells (Tregs); however, IL-2v is able to bind to and induce signaling through IL-2Rbetagamma, which allows the preferential expansion of NK cells and CD8-positive T-cells. The Fc domain of cergutuzumab is modified to prevent Fc-gamma binding and downstream effector functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEA-IL-2variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEA-IL2v","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CERGUTUZUMAB AMUNALEUKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cergutuzumab Amunaleukin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cergutuzumab Amunaleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7813","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7813","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-6895882","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO6895882","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539489"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1509916-03-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"48FCG62C25"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791420"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791420"}]}}{"C115112":{"preferredName":"Ceritinib","code":"C115112","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase activity of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ceritinib binds to and inhibits wild-type ALK kinase, ALK fusion proteins and ALK point mutation variants. Inhibition of ALK leads to both the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Pyrimidinediamine, 5-chloro-N4-(2-((1-methylethyl)sulfonyl)phenyl)-N2-(5-methyl-2-(1-methylethoxy)-4-(4-piperidinyl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CERITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ceritinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ceritinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDK 378","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDK378","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zykadia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3818721"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1032900-25-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors are anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K418KG2GET"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694589"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694589"}]}}{"C28882":{"preferredName":"Cesalin","code":"C28882","definitions":[{"description":"An antineoplastic protein isolated from the seeds of the plant Caesalpinia gilliesii with antineoplastic activity. Cesalin intercalates into and crosslinks DNA and inhibits the incorporation of the nucleotides uridine and thymidine into DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cesalin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"264879"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"110435"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0055132"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cesalin"}]}}{"C147521":{"preferredName":"cEt KRAS Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD4785","code":"C147521","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary formulation composed of a high affinity antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that contains 2'-4' constrained ethyl residues (cEt) and targets KRAS (K-RAS) transcripts, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, cEt KRAS antisense oligonucleotide AZD4785 targets and binds, with high affinity, to a unique genetic sequence within KRAS messenger RNA (mRNA), thereby inhibiting translation of KRAS protein, including forms containing activating mutations. Inhibition of KRAS protein synthesis prevents KRAS-dependent signaling and inhibits the proliferation of KRAS-driven tumor cells. KRAS, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is mutated in a variety of tumor cell types. It plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival and is associated with tumor initiation, metastasis and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASO AZD4785","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD 4785","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-4785","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-4785","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AZD4785","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Generation 2.5 Drug AZD4785","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IONIS-KRAS-2.5Rx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cEt KRAS ASO AZD4785","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cEt KRAS Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD4785","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"cEt KRAS Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD4785","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545331"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D43WWD6RDZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792660"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792660"}]}}{"C129448":{"preferredName":"Cetrelimab","code":"C129448","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1, PCDC-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cetrelimab binds to PD-1, and inhibits the interaction with its ligands, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1, PD-1L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2, PD-1L2). The inhibition of ligand binding prevents PD-1-mediated signaling and results in both T-cell activation and the induction of T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, an immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily transmembrane protein and inhibitory receptor, negatively regulates T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CETRELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cetrelimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cetrelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 63723283","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-63723283","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ63723283","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512668"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2050478-92-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LYK98WP91F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784126"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784126"}]}}{"C1723":{"preferredName":"Cetuximab","code":"C1723","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody used to treat certain types of head and neck cancer, and colorectal cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to cancer cells. Erbitux binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is found on the surface of some types of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant, chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor (EGFR) with antineoplastic activity. Cetuximab binds to the extracellular domain of the EGFR, thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor; the decrease in receptor activation and dimerization may result in an inhibition in signal transduction and anti-proliferative effects. This agent may inhibit EGFR-dependent primary tumor growth and metastasis. EGFR is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CETUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cetuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cetuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cetuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetuximab Biosimilar CDP-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetuximab Biosimilar CMAB009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetuximab Biosimilar KL 140","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chimeric Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chimeric MoAb C225","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody C225","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erbitux","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erbitux","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IMC-C225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cetuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"714692"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0995188"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"205923-56-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Advanced colorectal cancer; Head and neck cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PQX0D8J21J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42384"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42384"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cetuximab"}]}}{"C121850":{"preferredName":"Cetuximab Sarotalocan","code":"C121850","definitions":[{"description":"A chemical conjugate composed of the dye IR700 linked to cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon injection of cetuximab sarotalocan, the cetuximab moiety targets and binds to EGFR-expressing tumor cells, resulting in the internalization of the conjugate. Upon localized application of near-infrared (NIR) light, the IR700 dye becomes activated, disrupts the cell membrane and selectively kills the EGFR-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP 1929","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-1929","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP1929","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CETUXIMAB SAROTALOCAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cet-IR700","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetuximab Sarotalocan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cetuximab Sarotalocan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetuximab-IR700 Conjugate RM-1929","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RM-1929","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053596"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2166339-33-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MG94W1I5XW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771602"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771602"}]}}{"C158083":{"preferredName":"Cetuximab-loaded Ethylcellulose Polymeric Nanoparticles Decorated with Octreotide (SY)","code":"C158083","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of ethylcellulose polymeric nanoparticles loaded with cetuximab, a recombinant, chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor (EGFR), and decorated with the somatostatin analog, octreotide, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the octreotide moiety directs the nanoparticles, which remain inert until a pH of 6.8 is reached, to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), which are present on the cell membranes of many neuroendocrine tumor (NET) cells. At this pH, cetuximab is selectively released from the ethylcellulose polymer. Cetuximab may then bind to the extracellular domain of EGFR-expressing tumor cells, thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor. This may inhibit signal transduction and inhibit tumor cell proliferation in EGFR-dependent tumor cells. EGFR, a member of the EGFR receptor tyrosine kinase family, may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cetuximab-loaded Ethylcellulose Polymeric Nanoparticles Decorated with Octreotide (SY)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetuximab-loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles Decorated With Octreotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymeric Nanoparticles Loaded With Cetuximab and Decorated With Octreotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937696"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797050"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797050"}]}}{"C77064":{"preferredName":"Cevipabulin","code":"C77064","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, water soluble tubulin-binding agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Cevipabulin appears to bind at the vinca-binding site on tubulin, but seems to act more similar to taxane-site binding agents in that it enhances tubulin polymerization and does not induce tubulin depolymerization. The disruption in microtubule dynamics may eventually inhibit cell division and reduce cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEVIPABULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cevipabulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cevipabulinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699167"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"849550-05-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P14M0DWS2J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H18ClF5N6O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cevipabulin"}]}}{"C73815":{"preferredName":"Cevipabulin Fumarate","code":"C73815","definitions":[{"description":"The fumarate salt of cevipabulin, a synthetic, water soluble tubulin-binding agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Cevipabulin appears to bind at the vinca-binding site on tubulin, but seems to act more similar to taxane-site binding agents in that it enhances tubulin polymerization and does not induce tubulin depolymerization. The disruption in microtubule dynamics may eventually inhibit cell division and reduce cellular growth., a small, water soluble, synthetic tubulin-binding agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Cevipabulin appears to bind at the vinca-binding site on tubulin, but seems to act more similar to taxane-site binding agents in that it enhances tubulin polymerization and does not induce tubulin depolymerization. The disruption in microtubule dynamics may eventually inhibit cell division and may reduce cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEVIPABULIN FUMARATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cevipabulin Fumarate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI-237","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[1,2,4]Triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amine, 5-chloro-6-[2,6-difluoro-4-[3-(methylamino)propoxy]phenyl]-N-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl]-, (2E)-2-butenedioate (1:1), dihydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347606"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"849550-69-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q380BYV049"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H18ClF5N6O.C4H4O4.2H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cevipabulin_Fumarate"}]}}{"C96746":{"preferredName":"Cevipabulin Succinate","code":"C96746","definitions":[{"description":"The succinate salt form of cevipabulin, a synthetic, water soluble tubulin-binding agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Cevipabulin binds at the vinca-binding site on tubulin, but seems to act more similar to taxane-site binding agents in that it enhances tubulin polymerization and does not induce tubulin depolymerization. This stabilizes tubulin and prevents microtubule disassembly. The disruption in microtubule dynamics may eventually inhibit cell division and reduce cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-chloro-6-(2,6-difluoro-4-(3-(methylamino)propoxy)phenyl)-N-((1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)(1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-7-amine succinate dihydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEVIPABULIN SUCCINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cevipabulin Succinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI-237 Succinate Dihydrate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273003"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"852954-81-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8XI0CX98LY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H18ClF5N6O.C4H6O4.2H2O"}]}}{"C96227":{"preferredName":"cFMS Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ARRY-382","code":"C96227","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and orally available inhibitor of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R; cFMS) with potential antineoplastic activity. cFMS tyrosine kinase inhibitor ARRY-382 binds to and inhibits the activity of cFMS. By preventing colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1)-cFMS signaling, this agent may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in cFMS-overexpressing tumor cells. cFMS, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and plays an essential role in macrophage differentiation and regulation of cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARRY-382","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cFMS Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ARRY-382","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"cFMS Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ARRY-382","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429011"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697525"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697525"}]}}{"C1767":{"preferredName":"Chaparrin","code":"C1767","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Simaba cedron and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. Chaparrin is a mixture of compounds that includes flavonoids, antioxidants, and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA). NDGA is an antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitor that promotes cell differentiation, induces G1 phase cell-cycle arrest, and causes apoptosis in certain cancer cell lines. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chaparrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chaparrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"79404"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"132794"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0630780"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4616-50-6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chaparrin"}]}}{"C1046":{"preferredName":"Chaparrinone","code":"C1046","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Ailanthus integrifolia sp. calycina and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. Chaparrinone inhibits protein synthesis, has antimalarial properties, and is cytotoxic to some tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chaparrinone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chaparrinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Picras-3-ene-2,16-dione, 11,20-epoxy-1,11,12-trihydroxy-, (1beta,11beta,12alpha)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"288754"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0055268"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"22611-34-3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chaparrinone"}]}}{"C66961":{"preferredName":"Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor AZD7762","code":"C66961","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small molecule inhibitor of checkpoint kinases (Chks) with potential chemosensitizing activity. AZD7762 binds to and inhibits Chks, which may prevent cell cycle arrest and subsequent nucleotide excision repair in DNA-damaged tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents. Chks are protein kinases that regulate either G1/S or G2/M transitions in the cell cycle. In the presence of DNA damage or incomplete DNA replication, Chks become activated and initiate cell cycle arrest to allow DNA repair or the completion of DNA replication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD7762","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor AZD7762","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor AZD7762","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832037"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530784"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530784"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AZD7762"}]}}{"C61102":{"preferredName":"Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor XL844","code":"C61102","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small-molecule inhibitor of checkpoint kinases 1 and 2 (Chk1 and Chk2) with potential antineoplastic activity. XL844 binds to and inhibits Chks 1 and 2, resulting in inhibition of cell cycle arrest, progressive DNA damage, inhibition of DNA repair, and, ultimately, tumor cell apoptosis. This agent also inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3), important mediators of tumor angiogenesis and lymphogenesis, respectively. In the presence of extensive damage or absence of timely repair, these checkpoint-signaling pathways may also trigger a pathway that effects apoptosis. Normal functions of Chks involve the initiation of cell-cycle arrest and the up-regulation of transcription genes involved with DNA excision repair and dNTP synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor XL844","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor XL844","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chk Inhibitor XL844","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL844","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"20024691"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831757"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"469731"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"469731"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"XL844"}]}}{"C15632":{"preferredName":"Chemotherapy","code":"C15632","definitions":[{"description":"Non-systemic chemotherapy treatment (e.g., intra-peritoneal, intra-cavitary, intra-thecal), or chemotherapy not described by Chemotherapy Single Agent Systemic or Multi-Agent Systemic.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTEP"},{"description":"The use of synthetic or naturally-occurring chemicals for the treatment of diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Treatment with anticancer drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The use of synthetic or naturally-occurring chemicals for the treatment of diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHEMOTHERAPY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chemo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy (NOS)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Chemotherapy, Cancer, General","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chemotherapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Although this term is used to describe any therapy involving the use of chemical-based agents, it is particularly used to refer to the use of chemical-based agents to treat cancer. Antineoplastic chemotherapy works by arresting or killing the growth and spread of cancer cells. Chemotherapy may also include agents that enhance immune function or alter hormonal activity."},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0392920"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chemotherapy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chemotherapy"}]}}{"C115970":{"preferredName":"Chiauranib","code":"C115970","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of select serine-threonine kinases, including aurora kinase B (aurora B), vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), stem cell factor receptor (c-KIT), and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, chiauranib binds to and inhibits the activity of aurora B, VEGFRs, c-kit and PDGFRs, which may result in a decrease in the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress these kinases. These kinases are overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CS2164","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chiauranib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473304"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760526"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760526"}]}}{"C156351":{"preferredName":"Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","code":"C156351","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric, murine-human monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) tenascin (hexabrachion) that may, when conjugated with a radioisotope, be useful in radiotherapy or radioimaging. Tenascin, an extracellular matrix glycoprotein is upregulated in certain pathological conditions such as infection, inflammation and tumor growth, and is highly expressed in the tumor microenvironment in some malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ch81c6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563141"}]}}{"C119741":{"preferredName":"ChiNing Decoction","code":"C119741","definitions":[{"description":"A decoction of Liang Ge San, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, with potential anti-inflammatory and anti-stomatitis activities. Although the complete mechanism of action through which the ChiNing decoction works has yet to be fully elucidated, upon oral administration, the active ingredients may inhibit the inflammatory response, possibly by reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa), in the saliva. This may protect the oral mucosa against these inflammatory mediators, and may reduce and relieve radiation-induced stomatitis and the associated pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ChiNing Decoction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3899687"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767025"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767025"}]}}{"C129580":{"preferredName":"Chk1 Inhibitor CCT245737","code":"C129580","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1 (chk1), with potential antineoplastic and chemosensitization activities. Upon oral administration, chk1 inhibitor CCT245737 selectively binds to chk1, thereby preventing chk1 activity and abrogating the repair of damaged DNA. This may lead to an accumulation of damaged DNA, inhibition of cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis. CCT245737 may potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Chk1, an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent serine/threonine kinase overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, mediates cell cycle checkpoint control and is essential for DNA repair; it plays a key role in resistance to chemotherapeutic agents by repairing DNA damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-5-((4-((Morpholin-2-ylmethyl)amino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyrazine-2-carbonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCT245737","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Checkpoint Kinase 1 Inhibitor CCT245737","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chk1 Inhibitor CCT245737","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512598"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783792"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783792"}]}}{"C116756":{"preferredName":"Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0425","code":"C116756","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1 (chk1), with potential antineoplastic and chemosensitization activities. Upon oral administration, chk1 inhibitor GDC-0425 selectively binds to chk1, thereby preventing activity of chk1 and abrogating the repair of damaged DNA. This may lead to an accumulation of damaged DNA, inhibition of cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis. GDC-0425 may potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Chk1, an ATP-dependent serine/threonine kinase, mediates cell cycle checkpoint control, is essential for DNA repair, and plays a key role in resistance to chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0425","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0425","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0425","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433842"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701310"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701310"}]}}{"C116845":{"preferredName":"Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0575","code":"C116845","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of cell cycle checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), with potential chemosensitization activity. Chk1 inhibitor GDC-0575 specifically binds to and inhibits Chk1; this may result in tumor cells bypassing Chk1-dependent cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases, which permits the cells to undergo DNA repair prior to entry into mitosis. Therefore, Chk1 inhibition may sensitize tumor cells to the DNA-damaging effects of certain chemotherapeutic agents. Chk1 is an ATP-dependent serine-threonine kinase that phosphorylates cdc25 phosphatases in response to DNA damage. This results in both inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-cyclin complexes and cell cycle arrest, which facilitates DNA damage repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Checkpoint Kinase 1 Inhibitor GDC-0575","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0575","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0575","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0575","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446611"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730054"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730054"}]}}{"C79867":{"preferredName":"CHK1 Inhibitor MK-8776","code":"C79867","definitions":[{"description":"An agent targeting cell cycle checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) with potential radiosensitization and chemosensitization activities. Chk1 inhibitor MK-8776 specifically binds to and inhibits Chk1, which may result in tumor cells bypassing Chk1-dependent cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases to undergo DNA repair prior to entry into mitosis; tumor cells may thus be sensitized to the DNA-damaging effects of ionizing radiation and alkylating chemotherapeutic agents. Chk1 is an ATP-dependent serine-threonine kinase that in response to DNA damage phosphorylates cdc25 phosphatases, resulting in inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation of CDK-cyclin complexes and cell cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-6-Bromo-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-5-(piperidin-3-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHK1 Inhibitor MK-8776","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CHK1 Inhibitor MK-8776","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8776","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MK8776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 900776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH-900776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703183"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"891494-63-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K2ZSF0992C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"624396"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"624396"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CHK1_Inhibitor_SCH_900776"}]}}{"C68820":{"preferredName":"CHK1 Inhibitor PF-477736","code":"C68820","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary compound targeting cell cycle checkpoint kinase 1 (chk1) with potential chemopotentiation activity. Chk1 inhibitor PF-477736 inhibits chk1, an ATP-dependent serine-threonine kinase that is a key component in the DNA replication-monitoring S/G2 checkpoint system. By overriding the last checkpoint defense against DNA damaging agent-induced lethal damage, chk1 inhibitor PF-477736 may potentiate the antitumor efficacy of various chemotherapeutic agents against tumor cells with intrinsic checkpoint defects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHK1 Inhibitor PF-477736","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CHK1 Inhibitor PF-477736","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-00477736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-477736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4049082"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539740"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539740"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CHK1_Inhibitor_PF-477736"}]}}{"C362":{"preferredName":"Chlorambucil","code":"C362","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat several types of leukemias and lymphomas. It blocks cell growth by damaging the cell's DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active antineoplastic aromatic nitrogen mustard. Chlorambucil alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":".gamma.-(p-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl)butyric acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":".gamma.-[p-Di(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl]butyric acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":".gamma.-[p-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl]butyric acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-[Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]benzenebutanoic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]benzenebutanoic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-[p-[Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]butyric acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-[p-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]butyric acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alti-chlorambucil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ambochlorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ambochlorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amboclorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Amboclorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aminochlorambucil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Benzenebutanoic acid, 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Butyric acid, 4-(p-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Butyric acid, 4-(p-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CB 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acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N,N-di-2-chloroethyl-gamma-p-aminophenylbutyric acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenylbutyric acid nitrogen mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"WR-139013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aminochlorambucil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"benzenebutanoic acid, 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"butyric acid, 4-(p-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chlorambucil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"chlorbutinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chloroambucil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gamma-(p-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl)butyric acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gamma-[p-di(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl]butyric acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-(N, N-Di-2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl butyric acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"p-(N, N-di-2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl butyric acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-N, N-Di-(.beta.-chloroethyl)aminophenyl butyric acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"p-N, N-di-(beta-chloroethyl)aminophenyl butyric acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"phenylbutyric acid nitrogen mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"3088"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008163"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"305-03-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin lymphoma, and certain types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"18D0SL7309"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43113"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43113"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H19Cl2NO2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chlorambucil"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28830"}]}}{"C2085":{"preferredName":"Chlorodihydropyrimidine","code":"C2085","definitions":[{"description":"A pyrimidine derivative with antitumor activity. Chlorodihydropyrimidine competitively and reversibly inhibits dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of fluoropyrimidines thereby blocking the degradation of the fluoropyrimidines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Chlorodihydropyrimidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorodihydropyrimidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1516486"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chlorodihydropyrimidine"}]}}{"C61671":{"preferredName":"Chloroquine","code":"C61671","definitions":[{"description":"A 4-aminoquinoline with antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, and potential chemosensitization and radiosensitization activities. Although the mechanism is not well understood, chloroquine is shown to inhibit the parasitic enzyme heme polymerase that converts the toxic heme into non-toxic hemazoin, thereby resulting in the accumulation of toxic heme within the parasite. This agent may also interfere with the biosynthesis of nucleic acids. Chloroquine's potential chemosensitizing and radiosensitizing activities in cancer may be related to its inhibition of autophagy, a cellular mechanism involving lysosomal degradation that minimizes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) related to tumor reoxygenation and tumor exposure to chemotherapeutic agents and radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHLOROQUINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Chloroquine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chloroquine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Chloroquine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008269"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"54-05-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"886U3H6UFF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654729"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654729"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H26ClN3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chloroquine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3638"}]}}{"C982":{"preferredName":"Chloroquinoxaline Sulfonamide","code":"C982","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chlorinated heterocyclic sulfanilamide with potential antineoplastic activity and potential immunosuppressive activity. Chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide poisons topoisomerase II alpha and topoisomerase II beta, thereby causing double-stranded breaks in DNA, accumulation of unrepaired DNA, and apoptosis. This agent also exhibits lymphotoxicity by inhibiting lymphocyte activation in a cell cycle-specific manner. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, 4-amino-N-(5-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, 4-amino-N-[5-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CHLORSULFAQUINOXALINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CQS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CQS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Chloroquinoxaline Sulfonamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chlorsulfaquinoxaline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"chlorosulfaquinoxaline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"339004"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0049111"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"97919-22-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O0408QB48D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41055"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41055"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chloroquinoxaline_Sulfonamide"}]}}{"C94723":{"preferredName":"Chlorotoxin","code":"C94723","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the diagnosis and treatment of glioma (a type of brain cancer) and other types of cancer. It binds to cancer cells in the brain and peripheral nervous system and may keep them from spreading. Chlorotoxin comes from the venom of a type of scorpion. A form of chlorotoxin made in the laboratory is called TM-601. Chlorotoxin is a type of neurotoxin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neurotoxin with potential anticancer property. Chlorotoxin (CTX) is a 36-amino acid peptide found in the venom of the deathstalker scorpion, and a chloride channel blocker. This toxin binds preferentially to glioma cells via the transmembrane endopeptidase matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and thereby prevents the spread of tumor cells. MMP-2 is specifically up-regulated in gliomas and related cancers, but is not normally expressed in brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHLOROTOXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CTX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Chlorotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TM-601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chlorotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0293227"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"163515-35-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"06UV5RFW57"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1049":{"preferredName":"Chlorozotocin","code":"C1049","definitions":[{"description":"A glucose-linked chloroethylnitrosourea with potential antineoplastic activity. Chlorozotocin alkylates DNA and proteins, induces the formation of interstrand DNA and DNA-protein crosslinks, and causes DNA strand breakage, thereby damaging DNA and resulting in cell death. This agent has been shown to exhibit antitumor and immunomodulatory effects in cell lines and animal models. Chlorozotocin is a mutagen and is less myelotoxic than other nitrosoureas. 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TCD-717 targets and binds to CHKA, an enzyme that plays a key role in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, the major phospholipid in eukaryotic cell membranes. Blockade of this enzyme induces cells to activate a different route for phospholipid production which causes a toxic effect and eventually leads to cell destruction. CHKA, overexpressed in human cancer cells while only minimally expressed in normal cells, appears to play a significant role in cellular proliferation, evasion of apoptosis, increased cell motility and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHKA Inhibitor TCD-717","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choline Kinase Alpha Inhibitor TCD-717","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Choline Kinase Alpha Inhibitor TCD-717","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RSM-932A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RSM-932A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TCD-717","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426026"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"850993-73-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KC1UXA6R4Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687183"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687183"}]}}{"C62598":{"preferredName":"CHP-NY-ESO-1 Peptide Vaccine IMF-001","code":"C62598","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide cancer vaccine containing nanoparticles of cholesteryl hydrophobized pullulan (CHP) complexed with the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 protein, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CHP-NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccine IMF-001 may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral and cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells expressing NY-ESO-1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The self-aggregating CHP, composed of a pullulan backbone and cholesterol branches, forms stable colloidal nanoparticles in water. NY-ESO-1, an antigen found in normal testis, is upregulated in various cancers, including bladder, breast, hepatocellular, melanoma, and prostate cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHP-NY-ESO-1 Peptide Vaccine IMF-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CHP-NY-ESO-1 Peptide Vaccine IMF-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholesteryl Pullulan-NY-ESO-1 Vaccine IMF-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMF-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831881"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489132"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489132"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CHP-NY-ESO-1_Peptide_Vaccine"}]}}{"C895":{"preferredName":"Chromomycin A3","code":"C895","definitions":[{"description":"A glycosidic antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. Chromomycin A3 reversibly binds to guanine-cytosine (G-C) base pairs in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting RNA synthesis. This agent is used as a fluorescent chromosome dye. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3B-O-(4-O-Acetyl-2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-alpha-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl)-7-methylolivomycin D","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aburamycin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Antibiotic 69895 A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibiotic B 599","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibiotic from Streptomyces griseus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Antibiotic from Streptomyces griseus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHROMOMYCIN A3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CHROMOMYCIN A3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chromomycin A3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olivomycin D, 3B-O-(4-O-Acetyl-2, 6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-alpha-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl)-7-methyl- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olivomycin D, 3B-O-(4-O-acetyl-2, 6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-.alpha.-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl)-7-methyl- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TOYOMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Toyomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"58514"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040563"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7059-24-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DVW027E7NL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39184"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39184"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C57H82O26"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromomycin_A3"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:34638"}]}}{"C1828":{"preferredName":"Chrysanthemum morifolium/Ganoderma lucidum/Glycyrrhiza glabra/Isatis indigotica/Panax pseudoginseng/Rabdosia rubescens/Scutellaria baicalensis/Serona repens Supplement","code":"C1828","definitions":[{"description":"A mixture of eight herbs that has been sold as a dietary supplement and promoted as a way to keep the prostate healthy and to treat prostate cancer. PC-SPES has been studied in the treatment of prostate cancer, but has been taken off the market in the U.S. because of safety concerns.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An herbal mixture with potential antineoplastic effects. PC-SPES, an herbal supplement containing extracts from 8 herbs including Chrysanthemum morifolium, Ganoderma lucidum (a root fungus), Glycyrrhiza glabra (Spanish liquorice), Isatis indigotica, Panax pseudoginseng, Rabdosia rubescens, Scutellaria baicalensis, and Serona repens (saw palmetto), with potential antineoplastic and antiproliferative effects, specifically in prostate cancer cells. Its exact pharmacology is not fully understood due to the complexity of the herbal mixture and may involve multiple metabolic pathways. Exposure to PC-SPES in vitro has resulted in a decreased expression of genes encoding cell cycle regulatory proteins as well as an upregulation of genes that modulate apoptosis in both androgen-dependent and androgen-independent cells. The PC in the acronym PC-SPES stands for Prostate Cancer, while SPES is the Latin word for hope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chrysanthemum morifolium/Ganoderma lucidum/Glycyrrhiza glabra/Isatis indigotica/Panax pseudoginseng/Rabdosia rubescens/Scutellaria baicalensis/Serona repens Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PC-SPES","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"PC-SPES","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0756934"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"374933-93-4"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"404383"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"404383"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PC-SPES"}]}}{"C120097":{"preferredName":"Cibisatamab","code":"C120097","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Cibisatamab contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and one for human CEA, a tumor-associated antigen that is specifically expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon intravenous administration, cibisatamab binds to both T-cells and CEA-expressing tumor cells, which cross-links the T-cells with the tumor cells. This may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA-expressing tumor cells. CEA is overexpressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CIBISATAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cibisatamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cibisatamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO6958688","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10636","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896776"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1855925-27-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZAM5J1ATF2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767685"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767685"}]}}{"C155886":{"preferredName":"Ciclopirox Prodrug CPX-POM","code":"C155886","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ciclopirox Prodrug CPX-POM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Fri Jan 29 14:28:46 EST 2021 - See 'Fosciclopirox(C175786)'"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C2189"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562696"}]}}{"C118451":{"preferredName":"Cidan Herbal Capsule","code":"C118451","definitions":[{"description":"A capsule-based formulation containing artificial bezoar, Strychni pulveratum (strychnos powder), camphol alcohol (borneol or borneo camphor) and extracts from Zedoary rhizome (Rhizoma curcumae), Pseudobulbus cremastrae seu pleiones (dried pseudobulb of Cremastra appendiculata), Yatantzu (seed of Brucca javanica), beehive, Bombyx mori (Bombyx batryticatus or silkworm), Danshen (dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza or red sage root), Radix astragali, and Angelica, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of the cidan herbal capsule, the active ingredients in the plant extracts may induce tumor cell apoptosis and reduce tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cidan Herbal Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zedoary rhizome/Pseudobulbus cremastrae seu pleiones/Yatantzu/Strychni pulveratum/Beehive/Artificial Bezoar/Bombyx mori/Danshen Root/Radix astragali/Angelica/Camphol Alcohol Capsule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3899625"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765191"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765191"}]}}{"C125659":{"preferredName":"Ciforadenant","code":"C125659","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule immune checkpoint inhibitor of the adenosine A2A receptor (ADORA2A) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ciforadenant binds to adenosine A2A receptors expressed on the surface of immune cells, including T-lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors on these key immune surveillance cells, thereby abrogating adenosine-induced immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. This may stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, resulting in tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3H-1,2,3-Triazolo(4,5-d)pyrimidin-5-amine, 7-(5-Methyl-2-furanyl)-3-((6-((((3S)-tetrahydro-3-furanyl)oxy)methyl)-2-pyridinyl)methyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine-A2A Receptor-Targeting Agent CPI-444","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CIFORADENANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CPI-444","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ciforadenant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ciforadenant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V81444","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504345"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1202402-40-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8KFO2187CP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778585"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778585"}]}}{"C1834":{"preferredName":"Cilengitide","code":"C1834","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as an anticancer and antiangiogenesis drug.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp peptide with potential antineoplastic activity. Cilengitide binds to and inhibits the activities of the alpha(v)beta(3) and alpha(v)beta(5) integrins, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and angiogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CILENGITIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cilengitide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cilengitide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 121974","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 121974","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"EMD 121974","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"EMD-121974","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"cilengitide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cyclo(L-arginylglycyl-L-a-aspartyl-D-phenylalanyl-N-methyl-L-valyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"707544"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0971473"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"188968-51-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4EDF46E4GI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37844"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37844"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H40N8O7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cilengitide"}]}}{"C374":{"preferredName":"Cimetidine","code":"C374","definitions":[{"description":"A drug usually used to treat stomach ulcers and heartburn. It is also commonly used in a regimen to prevent allergic reactions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A histamine H(2)-receptor antagonist. Enhancing anti-tumor cell-mediated responses, cimetidine blocks histamine's ability to stimulate suppressor T lymphocyte activity and to inhibit natural killer (NK) cell activity and interleukin-2 production. Cimetidine also may inhibit tumor growth by suppressing histamine's growth-factor activity and blocking histamine-induced stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic growth factor. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CIMETIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cimetidine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cimetidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cimetidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Guanidine, N''-Cyano-N-Methyl-N'-(2-(((5-Methyl-1H-Imidazol-4-yl)Methyl)Thio)Ethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Cyano-N'-methyl-N''-[2-[[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]thio]ethyl]guanidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tagamet","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tagamet","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"cimetidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"335308"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008783"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51481-61-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Gastrointestinal conditions; allergic reaction prevention; immune modulation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"80061L1WGD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39185"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39185"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H16N6S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cimetidine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3699"}]}}{"C47450":{"preferredName":"Cinacalcet Hydrochloride","code":"C47450","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable hydrochloride salt of the calcimimetic cinacalcet. Cinacalcet increases the sensitivity of calcium-sensing receptors on chief cells in the parathyroid gland to extracellular calcium, thereby reducing parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. A reduction in PTH levels inhibits osteoclast activity, which may result in a decrease in cortical bone turnover and bone fibrosis, and normalization of serum calcium and phosphorus levels. In addition, by reducing PTH levels, cinacalcet may reduce PSA levels; PTH appears to raise PSA levels and may increase prostate cancer cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Naphthalenemethanamine, a-methyl-N-(3-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)propyl)-,(aR)-, Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CINACALCET HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cinacalcet Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cinacalcet Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mimpara","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sensipar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1260199"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"364782-34-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1K860WSG25"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662071"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662071"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H22F3N.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cinacalcet_Hydrochloride"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:48391"}]}}{"C95021":{"preferredName":"Cinobufagin","code":"C95021","definitions":[{"description":"A bufadienolide compound extracted from the dried venom secreted by the parotid glands of toads and one of the glycosides in the traditional Chinese medicine ChanSu, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action of cinobufagin is still under investigation, it has been found to suppress cancer cell proliferation and cause apoptosis in cancer cells via a sequence of apoptotic modulators that include mitochondrial Bax and cytosolic chromosome c, and caspases 3, 8, and 9. Possible upstream mediators of cinobufagin-induced apoptosis include Fas and p53.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CINOBUFAGIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cinobufacini","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cinobufagin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cinobufagin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0055767"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T9PSN4R8IR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689412"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689412"}]}}{"C151929":{"preferredName":"Cinobufotalin","code":"C151929","definitions":[{"description":"A bufadienolide isolated from toad venom and utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for its cardiotonic, diuretic and hemostatic effects, with potential cytotoxic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration and although the exact mechanism of action(s) (MoAs) through which this agent exerts its effects have yet to be fully discovered, cinobufotalin causes DNA fragmentation, decreases mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), increases intracellular calcium (Ca2+) ion concentrations and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, upregulates Fas protein and activates cytochrome C, various caspases, Bid and Bax. This causes cell cycle arrest, induces apoptosis and inhibits tumor cell growth and survival. In addition, cinobufotalin inhibits the activity of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and induces pro-apoptotic ceramide production, which further promotes tumor cell apoptosis. Cinobufotalin also induces mitochondrial protein cyclophilin D (Cyp-D)-dependent opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), which may contribute to cinobufotalin-induced non-apoptotic death of certain tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"14,15b-Epoxy-3b,5a,16b-trihydroxy-5b,20(22)-bufadienolide 16-Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Beta-bufa-20,22-dienolide, 14,15-beta-epoxy-3-beta,5,16-beta-trihydroxy-, 16-Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5b,20(22)-Bufadienolide-14,15b-epoxy-3b,5a,16b-triol 16-Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CINOBUFOTALIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cinobufotalin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553268"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1108-68-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L0QBZ37386"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793122"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793122"}]}}{"C2599":{"preferredName":"Cintredekin Besudotox","code":"C2599","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is made by combining interleukin-13 with a toxin from Pseudomonas bacteria. It is a type of recombinant chimeric protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant chimeric protein with potent antitumor activity. Cintredekin besudotox is composed of interleukin-13 (IL13), a pleiotropic immunoregulatory cytokine, linked to a mutated form of pseudomonas exotoxin A; this agent targets and kills tumor cells that express the IL13 receptor (IL13R).The IL13 moiety attaches to the IL13R on the tumor cell membrane, facilitating the entry of the exotoxin. The exotoxin moiety induces caspase-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage; it also catalyzes the transfer of ADP ribose from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to elongation factor-2 in eukaryotic cells, thereby inactivating elongation factor 2 and inhibiting protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CINTREDEKIN BESUDOTOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cintredekin Besudotox","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cintredekin Besudotox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL 13-PE38QQR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-13 Toxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-13-PE38QQR Cytotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-13PE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL13-PE38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-13 PE38QQR Immunotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hIL13-PE38QQR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"interleukin-13 PE38QQR immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"722759"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1434448"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"372075-36-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZL04JX89M7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38095"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38095"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Interleukin-13_PE38QQR_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C118284":{"preferredName":"Cirmtuzumab","code":"C118284","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody against the extracellular domain of the human receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cirmtuzumab binds to ROR1 and blocks ROR1-mediated signaling. This prevents tumor cell proliferation in cancer cells overexpressing ROR1. ROR1, also known as neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor-related 1 (NTRKR1), is normally expressed during embryogenesis. It is overexpressed in certain leukemias and solid tumors, but minimally expressed in healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CIRMTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cirmtuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cirmtuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UC-961","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474136"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FEH7RQ7B3J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764235"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764235"}]}}{"C99125":{"preferredName":"cis-Urocanic Acid","code":"C99125","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of the amino acid histidine, formed in the mammalian skin from trans-urocanic acid upon ultraviolet radiation, and protodynamic agent, with potential anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activity. Upon intravesical instillation of cis-urocanic acid (cis-UCA), this agent is protonated at the imidazolyl moiety in the mildly acidic extracellular tumor environment and penetrates into the cancer cell. Once inside the cell and due to the slightly alkaline pH inside the tumor cell, cis-UCA is deprotonated, i.e. the imidazolyl proton is released into the cytosol which eventually raises the intracellular acidity. This acidification impairs many cellular processes, such as metabolic activity, and may lead to cell cycle arrest, an induction of cellular apoptosis and necrotic cell death. In addition, cis-UCA enhances ERK and JNK signaling pathways by inhibiting the activity of serine/threonine and tyrosine phosphatases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CIS-UROCANIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"cis-UCA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-Urocanic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432945"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5LM7WD7VIC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715688"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715688"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:30818"}]}}{"C376":{"preferredName":"Cisplatin","code":"C376","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat many types of cancer. Cisplatin contains the metal platinum. It kills cancer cells by damaging their DNA and stopping them from dividing. Cisplatin is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An alkylating-like inorganic platinum agent (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) with antineoplastic activity. Cisplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes which bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links. These cross-links result in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(SP-4-2)-Diamminedichloroplatinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abiplatin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blastolem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Briplatin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDDP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CISPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-diamminedichloridoplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-diamminedichloro Platinum (II)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-dichloroammine Platinum (II)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-platinous Diamine Dichloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-platinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-platinum II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-platinum II Diamine Dichloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cismaplat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cisplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cisplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cisplatina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citoplatino","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citosin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cysplatyna","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DDP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lederplatin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metaplatin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplatin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peyrone's Chloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peyrone's Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plastistil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platamine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platiblastin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platiblastin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Platiblastin-S","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Platinol- AQ","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinol-AQ","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinol-AQ VHA Plus","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinoxan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum Diamminodichloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum, Diaminedichloro-, cis- (8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platiran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platistin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platosin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cisplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"119875"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008838"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"15663-27-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic testicular cancer; ovarian cancer; head and neck cancer; breast cancer; Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; myeloma and melanoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q20Q21Q62J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39515"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39515"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2Cl.Pt.2H3N"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cisplatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27899"}]}}{"C2502":{"preferredName":"Cisplatin Liposomal","code":"C2502","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic formulation in which the antineoplastic agent cisplatin is encapsulated in lipids. Cisplatin liposomal consists of small aggregates of cisplatin covered by a single lipid bilayer. Encasement in liposomes improves cisplatin's tumor bioavailability and toxicity profile. Liposomal encapsulation does not affect the pharmacological properties of cisplatin directly. Cisplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes which bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA, inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links. These cross-links result in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cisplatin Liposomal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin, Liposomal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPI-077","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPI-77","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STEALTH Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STEALTH Liposomal Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STEALTH Liposomal Encapsulated Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STEALTH Liposome Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"719334"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0964924"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43292"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43292"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cisplatin_Liposomal"}]}}{"C17879":{"preferredName":"Cisplatin-E Therapeutic Implant","code":"C17879","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable gel comprised of a collagen matrix containing the inorganic platinum (Pt) agent cisplatin and the sympathomimetic agent epinephrine with potential antineoplastic activity. After intratumoral injection, cisplatin forms highly reactive, positively charged, platinum complexes, which covalently bind to nucleophilic groups in DNA, preferably at the N7 position of guanine bases. This induces both intra- and inter-strand DNA cross-links. In addition, cisplatin forms DNA-Pt-protein cross-links. Cross-link formation results in both the induction of apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Epinephrine, a potent vasoconstrictor, is added to the gel to both enhance the penetration of cisplatin into tumor tissue and reduce its dispersion into the surrounding tissues. Intratumoral injection of cisplatin-E therapeutic implant may increase local chemotherapeutic efficacy, as compared to the systemic administration of cisplatin, while reducing its systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDDP-e therapeutic implant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDDP/epi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDDP/epi gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin-E Therapeutic Implant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin-Epinephrine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin/Epinephrine Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intradose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intradose MPI-5010","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP 5010 TI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP 5010 Therapeutic Implant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPI 5010","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677669"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42697"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42697"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cisplatin-E_Therapeutic_Implant"}]}}{"C136428":{"preferredName":"Cisplatin/Vinblastine/Cell Penetration Enhancer Formulation INT230-6","code":"C136428","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation composed of three agents in a fixed ratio: two chemotherapeutic agents, the platinum compound cisplatin and the vinca alkaloid vinblastine, and a proprietary amphiphilic excipient that acts as a penetration enhancer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intra-tumoral (IT) injection of INT230-6, the dispersion/cell penetration enhancer excipient of INT230-6 facilitates dispersion of the two drugs throughout the tumor tissue and enables increased cellular uptake of these agents into tumor cells. Once inside the cell, cisplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes which bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA, which results in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Vinblastine kills the tumor cells through binding to tubulin and thereby inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of the mitotic spindle assembly and cell cycle arrest of tumor. In addition, the tumor cell killing leads to recruitment of dendritic cells (DCs) and induces a tumor-specific T-cell-mediated immune response that attacks both the injected tumor and distant tumor lesions. Local administration of both cisplatin and vinblastine, without the diffusion/penetration enhancer, results in to poor diffusion and a lack of cellular uptake of the agents; INT230-6 increases the intracellular concentration of cisplatin and vinblastine, thereby improving efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cisplatin/Vinblastine Formulation with Cell Penetration Enhancer INT230-6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisplatin/Vinblastine/Cell Penetration Enhancer Formulation INT230-6","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cisplatin/Vinblastine/Cell Penetration Enhancer Formulation INT230-6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INT 230-6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INT230-6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523731"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789458"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789458"}]}}{"C121641":{"preferredName":"Citarinostat","code":"C121641","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, citarinostat inhibits the activity of HDACs; this results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, which inhibit tumor cell division and induce tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-((2-Chlorophenyl)phenylamino)-N-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)-5-pyrimidinecarboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Pyrimidinecarboxamide, 2-((2-Chlorophenyl)phenylamino)-N-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACY-241","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-96241","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CITARINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Citarinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Citarinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC-IN-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor ACY-241","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053685"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1316215-12-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"441P620G3P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770662"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770662"}]}}{"C71694":{"preferredName":"Citatuzumab Bogatox","code":"C71694","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein immunotoxin consisting of a humanized, single-chain monoclonal antibody Fab fragment specific for the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) conjugated with a modified bouganin cytotoxin with potential antineoplastic activity. Citatuzumab bogatox binds to EpCAM, delivering modified bouganin cytotoxin directly to EpCam-positive tumor cells, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell protein synthesis and tumor cell death. EpCAM, a cell surface protein, is expressed by a variety of tumor cells and is frequently found in head and neck cancers. Bouganin is a plant-derived ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP), a toxic plant N-glycosidase that depurinates the universally conserved alpha-sarcin loop of ribosomal rRNA, inactivating the ribosome and preventing protein synthesis. Compared to unmodified bouganins, modified bouganins may have a reduced propensity to activate human T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EpCAM Antibody Fragment-Bouganin Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CITATUZUMAB BOGATOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Citatuzumab Bogatox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VB6-845","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376117"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"945228-49-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"23J303Z5CA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"555692"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"555692"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-EpCAM-Bouganin_Fusion_Protein"}]}}{"C79828":{"preferredName":"Cixutumumab","code":"C79828","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It is a monoclonal antibody that is made in the laboratory and can bind to substances in the body. Cixutumumab blocks the action of a protein needed for cell growth and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Cixutumumab selectively binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, thereby preventing the binding of the natural ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Downregulation of the PI3K/AKT survival pathway may result in the induction of cancer cell apoptosis and may decrease cancer cellular proliferation. IGF-1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase of the insulin receptor superfamily overexpressed by many cancer cell types, stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis; IGF-1R signaling has been implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody IMC-A12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CIXUTUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cixutumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cixutumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-A12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-A12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cixutumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703174"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"947687-12-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2285XW22DR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561575"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561575"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cixutumumab"}]}}{"C102849":{"preferredName":"CK2-targeting Synthetic Peptide CIGB-300","code":"C102849","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic peptide targeting the substrates of casein kinase 2 (CK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration and nucleolar localization, CK2-targeting synthetic peptide CIGB-300 binds to phosphoacceptor sites on the CK2 substrates, in particular the oncoprotein nucleophosmin (B23 or NPM1). This blocks the activation of B23 and induces apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cells. CK2, a protein kinase often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, appears to be correlated with malignant transformation, tumor growth and survival. Overexpression of B23 has been correlated with increased cellular growth and proliferation as well as inhibition of differentiation and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CIGB-300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CK2-targeting Synthetic Peptide CIGB-300","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P15-tat","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2605865"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737263"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737263"}]}}{"C1052":{"preferredName":"CL 246738","code":"C1052","definitions":[{"description":"An immunomodulator, 3,6-bis(2-piperidinoethoxy) acridine trihydrochloride, used in a phase I study for possible immunostimulatory effects in colorectal cancer. 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Cladribine triphosphate, a phosphorylated metabolite of cladribine, incorporates into DNA, resulting in single-strand breaks in DNA, depletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and apoptosis. Because this agent is resistant to adenosine deaminase, an enzyme that inactivates some antineoplastic agents, it is selectively toxic to lymphocytes and monocytes which exhibit little deoxynucleotide deaminase activity. 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Unlike most of the anti-cancer drugs causing bone marrow suppression, clanfenur stimulates hematopoiesis both in vivo and in vitro.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CLANFENUR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clanfenur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0253858"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51213-99-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KAM54NKT1Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H15ClFN3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clanfenur"}]}}{"C1054":{"preferredName":"Clarithromycin","code":"C1054","definitions":[{"description":"An antibiotic drug used to treat infection. It belongs to the family of drugs called macrolides.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic 14-membered ring macrolide antibiotic. Clarithromycin binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibits RNA-dependent protein synthesis in susceptible organisms. Clarithromycin has been shown to eradicate gastric MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) lymphomas, presumably due to the eradication of tumorigenic Helicobacter pylori infection. This agent also acts as a biological response modulator, possibly inhibiting angiogenesis and tumor growth through alterations in growth factor expression. 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Upon administration, class 1/4 HDAC inhibitor OKI-179 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of HDAC1/4. This results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This consequently results in a selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and an induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress HDAC1/4. HDAC, which is upregulated in many tumor cell types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins and plays a key role in transcriptional regulation and cell cycle progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Class 1/4 Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor OKI-179","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Class 1/4 Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor OKI-179","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Class-1/4 HDACi OKI-179","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor OKI-179","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC1/4i OKI-179","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDACi 1/4 OKI-179","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDACi OKI-179","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OKI 179","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OKI-179","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OKI179","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969661"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801634"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801634"}]}}{"C71104":{"preferredName":"Clinical Trial","code":"C71104","definitions":[{"description":"1) A research investigation involving human subjects that is designed to answer specific questions about the safety and efficacy of a biomedical intervention (drug, treatment, device) or new ways of using a known drug, treatment, or device). 2) A research study in which one or more human subjects are prospectively assigned to one or more interventions (which may include placebo or other control) to evaluate the effects of those interventions on health-related biomedical or behavioral outcomes.(1. modified from ICH E6 Glossary, Directive 2001/20/EC. 2. NIH revised definition 2015) (CDISC Glossary)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A research investigation involving human subjects that is designed to answer specific questions about the safety and efficacy of a biomedical intervention (drug, treatment, device) or new ways of using a known drug, treatment, or device). NOTE: NIH Office of Science Policy further specifies that a clinical trial is a type of research study that prospectively assigns subjects to interventions, and the EU clinical trial regulations set forth 3 specific conditions, any one of which qualifies a study as a clinical trial. These conditions include applying diagnostic or monitoring procedures not used in normal clinical practice to subjects. [after ICH E6 [R2], EU CTR 2014] See also clinical study, clinical investigation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"description":"A type of research study that tests how well new medical approaches work in people. These studies test new methods of screening, prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of a disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A research study that prospectively assigns human participants or groups of humans to one or more health-related interventions to evaluate the effects on health outcomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clinical Trial","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Clinical Trial","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clinical Trial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Clinical Trials","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clinical Trials, Unspecified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"clinical trial","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"termName":"clinical trial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"clinical trial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"clinical_trial","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008976"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clinical_Trial_Generic"}]}}{"C90373":{"preferredName":"Clinical Trial Agent","code":"C90373","definitions":[{"description":"The pharmacological substance that is being administered in the study.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clinical Trial Agent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clinical Trial-Study Agent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983596"}]}}{"C65337":{"preferredName":"Clioquinol","code":"C65337","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, lipophilic, copper-binding, halogenated 8-hydroxyquinoline with antifungal, antiparasitic and potential antitumor activities. Clioquinol forms a stable chelate with copper (copper (II) ions), which inhibits the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome; consequently, ubiquitinated proteins may accumulate in tumor cells, followed by tumor cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. In addition, the clioquinol-copper complex appears to decrease the expression of androgen receptors (AR) in human copper-enriched prostate cancer cells. Serum levels of copper are often elevated in patients with cancer; copper chelation may inhibit copper-dependent endothelial cell proliferation and tumor secretion of angiogenic factors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Chloro-7-iodo-quinolin-8-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AI3-16451","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLIOQUINOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clioquinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodochlorohydroxyquinoline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycoquin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"3531"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021978"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"130-26-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7BHQ856EJ5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653982"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653982"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H5ClINO"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clioquinol"}]}}{"C88638":{"preferredName":"Clivatuzumab","code":"C88638","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the pancreatic cancer antigen MUC1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Clivatuzumab binds to tumor cells expressing the MUC1 antigen and prevents MUC1-mediated signaling. MUC1, a mucin antigen, is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer but not in normal, healthy pancreatic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CLIVATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clivatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2982120"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RGU8A332UL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1418":{"preferredName":"Clodronate Disodium","code":"C1418","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used as treatment for hypercalcemia (abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood) and for cancer that has spread to the bone (bone metastases). It may decrease pain, the risk of fractures, and the development of new bone metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The disodium salt of a nitrogen-free bisphosphonate analog of naturally occurring pyrophosphate. Clodronate binds to calcium and inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption and hydroxyapatite crystal formation and dissolution, resulting in a reduction of bone turnover. This agent may control malignancy-associated hypercalcemia, inhibit osteolytic bone metastasis and decrease pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bonefos","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bonefos","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CL2MDP","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLODRONATE DISODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clasteon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clodronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clodronate Disodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Clodronate Disodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clodronic Acid Disodium Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dichloromethylene Diphosphonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Difosfonal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Loron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mebonat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossiten","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"clodronate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"713466"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008994"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"88416-50-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Adjuvant usage in bone metastasis of Breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N030400H8J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41862"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41862"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"CH2Cl2O6P2.2Na.4H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clodronate_Disodium"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:59587"}]}}{"C61685":{"preferredName":"Clodronic Acid","code":"C61685","definitions":[{"description":"A first-generation bisphosphonate with anti-resorptive and anti-hypercalcemic activities. Clodronic acid adsorbs onto the surface of the hydroxyapatite crystals in bone matrix. Although the exact mechanism through which clodronic acid exerts its cytotoxic effect on osteoclasts has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent is metabolized intracellularly to a toxic beta-gamma-methylene analog of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), AppCCl2p. The ATP analog AppCCl2p competitively inhibits ADP/ATP translocase, thereby interfering with mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular energy metabolism. This may cause osteoclast apoptosis and, eventually, inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(Dichloromethylene)bisphosphonic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLODRONIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clodronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clodronic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Clodronic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0012081"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10596-23-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0813BZ6866"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"CH4Cl2O6P2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clodronic_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:110423"}]}}{"C26638":{"preferredName":"Clofarabine","code":"C26638","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Clolar is a type of nucleoside analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A second generation purine nucleoside analog with antineoplastic activity. Clofarabine is phosphorylated intracellularly to the cytotoxic active 5'-triphosphate metabolite, which inhibits the enzymatic activities of ribonucleotide reductase and DNA polymerase, resulting in inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis of DNA and RNA. This nucleoside analog also disrupts mitochondrial function and membrane integrity, resulting in the release of pre-apoptotic factors, including cytochrome C and apoptotic-inducing factors, which activate apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Chloro-9-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-9H-purin-6-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Chloro-9-(2-deoxy-2-fluoroarabinofuranosyl)adenine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLOFARABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clofarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Clofarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Clofarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clofarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Clofarex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clolar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clolar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"clofarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"606869"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0092777"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123318-82-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, pediatric"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"762RDY0Y2H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257309"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257309"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H11ClFN5O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clofarabine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:681569"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:47311"}]}}{"C28888":{"preferredName":"Clomesone","code":"C28888","definitions":[{"description":"The 2-chloroethyl ester of (methylsulfonyl) methanesulfonic acid with potential antineoplastic effects. Acting as a chloroethylating agent, clomesone induces the formation of DNA interstrand crosslinks in some cell lines, and exhibits antitumor activity in some animal models. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and, in some cases, chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA synthesis and cell division. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Chloroethyl (methylsulfonyl)methanesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLOMESONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Chlorethyl SOSO","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clomesone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRI 6155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"338947"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0055920"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"88343-72-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2J031W0YZI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H9ClO5S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clomesone"}]}}{"C61607":{"preferredName":"Clomiphene","code":"C61607","definitions":[{"description":"A triphenylethylene nonsteroidal ovulatory stimulant evaluated for antineoplastic activity against breast cancer. Clomiphene has both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities that compete with estrogen for binding at estrogen receptor sites in target tissues. This agent causes the release of the pituitary gonadotropins follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to ovulation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[p-(2-Chloro-1,2-diphenylvinyl)phenoxy]triethylamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLOMIPHENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clomiphene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009008"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"911-45-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1HRS458QU2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clomiphene_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3752"}]}}{"C379":{"preferredName":"Clomiphene Citrate","code":"C379","definitions":[{"description":"The citrate salt form of clomiphene, a triphenylethylene nonsteroidal ovulatory stimulant evaluated for antineoplastic activity against breast cancer. Clomiphene has both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities that compete with estrogen for binding at estrogen receptor sites in target tissues. This agent causes the release of the pituitary gonadotropins follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to ovulation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[p-(2-Chloro-1,2-diphenylvinyl)phenoxy]triethylamine Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2-[p-(2-Chloro-1,2-diphenylvinyl)phenoxy]triethylamine Citrate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLOMIPHENE CITRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clomid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clomid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Clomiphene Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serophene","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"35770"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0546859"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-41-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1B8447E7YI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39542"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39542"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clomiphene"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3753"}]}}{"C62762":{"preferredName":"Clostridium Novyi-NT Spores","code":"C62762","definitions":[{"description":"Spores of the bacterial strain Clostridium novyi-NT, the attenuated obligate anaerobic C. novyi, with potential immunostimulating, bacteriolytic, and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, Clostridium novyi-NT spores germinate exclusively in hypoxic tissue, such as avascular regions of tumors. Germination results in lysis and destruction of surrounding viable tumor cells. Due to their anaerobic nature, C. novyi-NT spores do not proliferate in oxygenated tumor regions. However, this agent may stimulate the immune system to exert a cellular immune response, resulting in additional killing of tumor cells not lysed by the bacteria, including those in the well-oxygenated tumor area.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C. novyi-NT Spores","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clostridium Novyi-NT Spores","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Clostridium Novyi-NT Spores","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831945"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"502157"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"502157"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clostridium_Novyi-NT_Spores"}]}}{"C68923":{"preferredName":"Cobimetinib","code":"C68923","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1 or MEK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Cobimetinib specifically binds to and inhibits the catalytic activity of MEK1, resulting in inhibition of extracellular signal-related kinase 2 (ERK2) phosphorylation and activation and decreased tumor cell proliferation. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that this agent is effective in inhibiting the growth of tumor cells bearing a B-RAF mutation, which has been found to be associated with many tumor types. A threonine-tyrosine kinase and a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that is frequently activated in human tumors, MEK1 is required for the transmission of growth-promoting signals from numerous receptor tyrosine kinases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COBIMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cobimetinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cobimetinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cotellic","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0973","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor GDC-0973","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346910"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E or V600K mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ER29L26N1X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551654"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551654"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MEK_Inhibitor_XL518"}]}}{"C124225":{"preferredName":"Cobomarsen","code":"C124225","definitions":[{"description":"A locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based oligonucleotide inhibitor of microRNA (miRNA) 155 (miR-155), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cobomarsen targets, binds to and inhibits miR-155. This silences miR-155 and prevents the translation of certain tumor promoting genes, which leads to the induction of cancer cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell growth. miR-155, an oncogenic single-stranded, non-coding RNA that is critical to the regulation of gene expression, is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types. Up-regulation of miR-155 plays a key role in increased tumor cell proliferation and survival. The LNA is an RNA analog in which the ribose ring is locked in a particular confirmation that increases stability. Compared to the unmodified oligonucleotide, the LNA-modified oligonucleotide shows increased affinity for its target miR-155.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COBOMARSEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cobomarsen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cobomarsen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRG-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502605"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1848257-52-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3JKW7CI9IU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776775"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776775"}]}}{"C80043":{"preferredName":"Codrituzumab","code":"C80043","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface oncofetal protein glypican-3 (GPC3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-GPC3 monoclonal antibody GC33 binds to GPC3 and triggers a host immune response against GPC3-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. GPC3, a heparin sulfate proteoglycan, is frequently upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and mesoderm-derived organs such as the liver, lungs, and kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Glypican 3 Monoclonal Antibody GC33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CODRITUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Codrituzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Codrituzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC-33","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC33","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7686","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 5137382","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5137382","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5137382","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388379"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1365267-33-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U9I0PLD4HT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614683"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614683"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Codrituzumab"}]}}{"C916":{"preferredName":"Coenzyme Q10","code":"C916","definitions":[{"description":"A nutrient that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Coenzyme Q10 helps mitochondria (small structures in the cell) make energy. It is an antioxidant that helps prevent cell damage caused by free radicals (highly reactive chemicals). Coenzyme Q10 is fat-soluble (can dissolve in fats and oils) and is found in fatty fish, beef, soybeans, peanuts, and spinach. It is being studied in the prevention and treatment of some types of cancer and heart disease and in the relief of side effects caused by some cancer treatments.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally occurring benzoquinone important in electron transport in mitochondrial membranes. Coenzyme Q10 functions as an endogenous antioxidant; deficiencies of this enzyme have been observed in patients with many different types of cancer and limited studies have suggested that coenzyme Q10 may induce tumor regression in patients with breast cancer. This agent may have immunostimulatory effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-Decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecanyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Co-Q10","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CoQ10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Coenzyme Q10","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Coenzyme Q10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coenzyme Q10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Q10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"UBIDECARENONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ubidecarenone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Ubidecarenone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ubiquinone 10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"coenzyme Q10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ubiquinone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"vitamin Q10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"140865"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0056077"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"303-98-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic heart failure; mitochondrial cytopathies"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EJ27X76M46"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39187"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39187"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C59H90O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Coenzyme-Q"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:46245"}]}}{"C2679":{"preferredName":"Colchicine-Site Binding Agent ABT-751","code":"C2679","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called sulfonamides.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable antimitotic sulfonamide. ABT- 751 binds to the colchicine-binding site on beta-tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of microtubules, thereby preventing tumor cell replication. This agent also disrupts tumor neovascularization, reducing tumor blood flow and so inducing a cytotoxic effect. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-751","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-751","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ABT-751","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ABT-751","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Colchicine-Site Binding Agent ABT-751","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E 7010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E-7010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[2-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)amino]-3-pyridinyl]-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"N-[2-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)amino]-3-pyridinyl]-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134654"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"141430-65-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WDT5V5OB9F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38646"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38646"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ABT-751"}]}}{"C82344":{"preferredName":"Cold Contaminant-free Iobenguane I-131","code":"C82344","definitions":[{"description":"An I 131 radioiodinated synthetic analogue of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, manufactured with a proprietary process, with radioisotopic and potential antineoplastic activities. Cold contaminant-free iobenguane I 131 (MIBG) localizes to adrenergic tissue and may be used to image or eradicate tumor cells that accumulate and metabolize norepinephrine. This agent is manufactured using a technology that avoids the production of unwanted \"cold contaminants\" (i.e., carrier molecules), which may cause undesirable side effects and compete with MIBG for binding on target receptor sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Azedra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cold Contaminant-free I 131-MIBG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cold Contaminant-free Iobenguane I 131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cold Contaminant-free Iobenguane I-131","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cold Contaminant-free Iobenguane I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultratrace Iodine I 131 Metaiodobenzylguanidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultratrace MIBG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388440"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma (PPGL)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629499"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629499"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cold_Contaminant-free_Iobenguane_I_131"}]}}{"C62538":{"preferredName":"Colloidal Gold-Bound Tumor Necrosis Factor","code":"C62538","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Aurimmune is made in the laboratory by binding a cancer-killing protein called tumor necrosis factor (TNF) to the surface of very tiny particles of gold. These TNF-gold particles may kill cancer cells without harming healthy tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nanoparticle delivery system for recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) consisting of recombinant TNF bound to pegylated colloidal gold nanoparticles with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, colloidal gold-bound recombinant human TNF travels through the bloodstream, avoiding immune detection and uptake by the reticuloendothelial system because of nanoparticle pegylation. Due to their size, the colloidal gold nanoparticles exit the circulatory system only at hyperpermeable tumor neovasculature sites; TNF then binds to and activates tumor cell TNF receptors, which may result in an increase in tumor cell apoptosis and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. Compared to the administration of unbound TNF, colloidal gold-bound TNF may improve the efficacy and safety of TNF administration by delivering TNF specifically to tumor tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurimmune","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurimmune","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CYT-6091","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colloidal Gold-Bound Recombinant Human Tumor Necrosis Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colloidal Gold-Bound Tumor Necrosis Factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNF-bound colloidal gold","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TNF-bound colloidal gold","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"colloidal gold-bound TNF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"colloidal gold-bound rhTNF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"colloidal gold-bound tumor necrosis factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831911"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492715"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492715"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Colloidal_Gold-Bound_Tumor_Necrosis_Factor"}]}}{"C154278":{"preferredName":"Colorectal Cancer Peptide Vaccine PolyPEPI1018","code":"C154278","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide cancer vaccine consisting of a combination of six synthetic polypeptides directed against cancer testis antigens (CTAs) frequently expressed in colorectal cancers, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Colorectal cancer peptide vaccine PolyPEPI1018 potentially elicits a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against colorectal tumors expressing the CTAs associated with the vaccine, which may result in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colorectal Cancer Peptide Vaccine PolyPEPI1018","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PolyPEPI 1018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PolyPEPI-1018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PolyPEPI1018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PolyPEPI1018 CRC Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PolyPEPI1018 CRC Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555275"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794166"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794166"}]}}{"C79806":{"preferredName":"Colorectal Tumor-Associated Peptides Vaccine IMA910","code":"C79806","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic tumor-associated peptide (TUMAP)-based cancer vaccine directed against colorectal cancer with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Synthetic colorectal tumor-associated peptides vaccine IMA910 contains 13 different synthetic TUMAPs, each of which represents a tumor associated antigen (TAA) specific for colorectal cancer. Upon administration, this agent may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against colorectal tumors expressing these TAAs, which may result in a reduction in colorectal tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colorectal Tumor-Associated Peptides Vaccine IMA910","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA910","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388427"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626093"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626093"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Colorectal_Tumor-Associated_Peptides_Vaccine_IMA910"}]}}{"C80014":{"preferredName":"Combretastatin","code":"C80014","definitions":[{"description":"A stilbenoid phenol, originally isolated from the bark of the African bush willow tree Combretum caffrum, with vascular disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Combretastatin targets and binds to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin, thereby impairs the polymerization of tubulin dimers and prevents the formation of microtubules in the endothelial cells of tumor. As a result, this may eventually lead to a destruction of the tumor vasculature, disruption of tumor blood flow and tumor cell necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-alpha-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)benzeneethanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COMBRETASTATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"COMBRETASTATIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Combretastatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combretastatin, (+-)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"348103"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0056152"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"82855-09-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7O62J06F18"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Combretastatin"}]}}{"C162344":{"preferredName":"Combretastatin A-1","code":"C162344","definitions":[{"description":"A stilbenoid originally isolated from the plant Combretum caffrum, with vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, combretastatin A1 (CA1) promotes rapid microtubule depolymerization; endothelial cell mitotic arrest and apoptosis; destruction of the tumor vasculature; disruption of tumor blood flow; and tumor cell necrosis. In addition, orthoquinone intermediates, metabolized from combretastatin A1 by oxidative enzymes found to be elevated in some tumor types, may bind to tumor cell thiol-specific antioxidant proteins and DNA, and stimulate oxidative stress by enhancing superoxide/hydrogen peroxide production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Benzenediol, 3-Methoxy-6-(2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)-, (Z)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COMBRETASTATIN A-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Combretastatin A-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combretastatin A1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"600032"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970855"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"109971-63-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2222ATS339"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C84867":{"preferredName":"Combretastatin A1 Diphosphate","code":"C84867","definitions":[{"description":"The diphosphate prodrug of the stilbenoid combretastatin A1, originally isolated from the plant Combretum caffrum, with vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, combretastatin A1 diphosphate (CA1P) is dephosphorylated to the active metabolite combretastatin A1 (CA1), which promotes rapid microtubule depolymerization; endothelial cell mitotic arrest and apoptosis, destruction of the tumor vasculature, disruption of tumor blood flow and tumor cell necrosis may ensue. In addition, orthoquinone intermediates, metabolized from combretastatin A1 by oxidative enzymes found to be elevated in some tumor types, may bind to tumor cell thiol-specific antioxidant proteins and DNA, and stimulate oxidative stress by enhancing superoxide/hydrogen peroxide production. CA1 binds to tubulin at the same site as colchicine but with higher affinity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Benzenediol, 3-methoxy-6-((1Z)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)-, 1,2-bis(dihydrogen Phosphate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA1P","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combretastatin A-1 bis(phosphate)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combretastatin A1 Diphosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OXI 4503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OXI-4503","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OXi4503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"600032"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1143252"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"288847-35-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JH6Z94GLUD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653978"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653978"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H22O12P2"}]}}{"C120314":{"preferredName":"Compound Kushen Injection","code":"C120314","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation composed of compound Kushen injection (CKI) containing aqueous extracts from the roots of Kushen (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis) and Baituling (Rhizoma smilacis Glabrae), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. CKI contains numerous chemicals including alkaloids, such as matrine and oxymatrine, flavonoids, alkylxanthones, quinones, triterpene glycosides, fatty acids, and essential oils. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action through which CKI exerts its effects has yet to be fully elucidated, CKI is able to interfere with the activation of various signal transduction pathways, such as the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, inhibit nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-KB) activation, and block the activity of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR). CKI induces apoptosis in and inhibits proliferation, migration, invasion and adhesion of tumor cells. CKI also modulates the production of inflammatory mediators.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CKI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compound Kushen Injection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yanshu Injection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3890596"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768804"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768804"}]}}{"C71015":{"preferredName":"Conatumumab","code":"C71015","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal agonist antibody directed against the extracellular domain of human TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) receptor 2 (TR-2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Conatumumab mimics the activity of native TRAIL, binding to and activating TR-2, thereby activating caspase cascades and inducing tumor cell apoptosis. TR-2 is expressed by a variety of solid tumors and cancers of hematopoietic origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 655","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TRAIL Receptor 2 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 655","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CONATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Conatumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Conatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 10b (Death Receptor 5, Trail-R2, CD262 Antigen))","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal XG1-048 (Arg(Sup 219),Glu(Sup 361),Met(Sup 363))Gamma-1 Heavy Chain (225-215')-Disulphide With Kappa Light Chain (231-231'':234-234'')-Bisdisulphide Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346822"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"896731-82-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1P48L61KM0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573083"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573083"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-TRAIL_Receptor_2_Monoclonal_Antibody_AMG_655"}]}}{"C162879":{"preferredName":"Conbercept","code":"C162879","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, soluble, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) protein composed of the second immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of VEGFR-1, the third and fourth Ig domains of VEGFR-2, and the constant region (Fc) of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) with potential anti-angiogenic activities. Upon intravitreal injection, conbercept, functioning as a soluble decoy receptor, binds with high affinity to all VEGF-A isoforms, VEGF-B, as well as placenta growth factor (PlGF)-1 and PlGF-2. This prevents the binding of these growth factors to their endogenous receptors, potentially inhibiting angiogenesis and tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CONBERCEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Conbercept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KH 902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KH-902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KH902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973317"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1227158-72-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1P05PW62F3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798956"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798956"}]}}{"C165273":{"preferredName":"Concentrated Lingzhi Mushroom Extract","code":"C165273","definitions":[{"description":"A nutritional supplement and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) composed of a highly concentrated extract of the fruiting body of the red reishi mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum; lingzhi), with potential immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, the concentrated lingzhi mushroom extract may support the body's immune function and may support the immune system to eliminate tumor cells. The lingzhi mushroom extract contains high amounts of G. lucidum polysaccharides and G. lucidum triterpenoids (GLTs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Concentrated Ganoderma lucidum Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Concentrated Lingzhi Mushroom Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Concentrated Red Reishi Mushroom Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mikei Red Reishi Essence EX","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978540"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799459"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799459"}]}}{"C156141":{"preferredName":"Conditionally Active Biologic Anti-AXL Antibody-drug Conjugate BA3011","code":"C156141","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a conditionally active biologic (CAB) antibody against AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL; UFO) conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of CAB-AXL-ADC BA3011, the anti-AXL antibody becomes activated through an as of yet not fully elucidated process only under the unique microphysical conditions that are present in the tumor microenvironment (TME) as a result of the glycolytic metabolism of cancer cells, and not in the microenvironment of normal, healthy tissues. Upon selective binding to AXL-expressing tumor cells and internalization, the cytotoxic agent kills the tumor cells through an as of yet undisclosed mechanism of action (MoA). AXL, a member of the TAM (TYRO3, AXL and MER) family of receptor tyrosine kinases normally expressed on many normal, healthy cells and overexpressed by many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis; its expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis. The CAB antibody allows for efficient and reversible binding to AXL-expressing tumor cells under conditions that are present only in the TME, thereby maximizing efficacy while minimizing toxicity by avoiding activation and thus binding of the antibody to normal, healthy AXL-expressing cells under normal conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC BA3011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BA 3011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BA-3011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BA3011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAB Anti-AXL ADC BA3011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAB-AXL-ADC BA3011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conditionally Active Biologic Anti-AXL Antibody-drug Conjugate BA3011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562853"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795303"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795303"}]}}{"C96796":{"preferredName":"Copanlisib","code":"C96796","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Copanlisib inhibits the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway, which may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 80-6946","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COPANLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Copanlisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Copanlisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor BAY 80-6946","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3852004"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1032568-63-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WI6V529FZ9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653981"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653981"}]}}{"C138994":{"preferredName":"Copanlisib Hydrochloride","code":"C138994","definitions":[{"description":"The dihydrochloride salt form of copanlisib, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Copanlisib inhibits the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway, which may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Pyrimidinecarboxamide, 2-Amino-N-(2,3-dihydro-7-methoxy-8-(3-(4-morpholinyl)propoxy)imidazo(1,2-C)quinazolin-5-yl)-, Hydrochloride (1:2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aliqopa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 80-6946 Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-80-6946 Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COPANLISIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Copanlisib Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copanlisib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Copanlisib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526449"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1402152-13-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"03ZI7RZ52O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653981"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653981"}]}}{"C79824":{"preferredName":"Copper Cu 64-ATSM","code":"C79824","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in PET imaging to detect certain types of tumors. Copper Cu 64 is a radioactive substance. It is linked to ATSM, which is taken up by tissues that have low levels of oxygen, such as some tumor tissues. A PET scanner is used to detect which cells in the body have taken up copper Cu 64-ATSM. It is a type of radioimaging agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of a lipophilic copper(II)bis(thiosemicarbazone) labeled with the positron- and beta-emitting isotope (64)Cu with hypoxia-selective and antineoplastic activities. With a high membrane permeability and redox potential, copper Cu 64-ATSM is preferentially taken up by hypoxic cells compared to normoxic cells; the extent of retention in tissue is inversely related to the state of tissue oxygenation allowing the quantitation of tissue hypoxia by positron emission tomography (PET). In addition, the radioactive copper moiety of this agent may deliver a selective cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to hypoxic tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(64)Cu-ATSM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copper Cu 64-ATSM","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Copper Cu 64-ATSM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copper-64-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"copper Cu 64-ATSM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1828021"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626166"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626166"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Copper_Cu_64-ATSM"}]}}{"C80050":{"preferredName":"Copper Gluconate","code":"C80050","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable copper salt of D-gluconic acid. In addition to its roles as an enzyme cofactor for cytochrome C oxidase and superoxide dismutase, copper forms complexes with the thiocarbamate disulfiram (DSF) forming DSF-copper complexes, which enhances the DSF-mediated inhibition of the 26S proteasome; proteasome inhibition may result in inhibition of cellular protein degradation, cessation of cell cycle progression, inhibition of cellular proliferation, and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COPPER GLUCONATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Copper Gluconate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Copper Gluconate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cupric Gluconate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0982097"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"527-09-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RV823G6G67"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614606"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614606"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C6H11O7.Cu"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Copper_Gluconate"}]}}{"C128560":{"preferredName":"Cord Blood-derived Expanded Natural Killer Cells PNK-007","code":"C128560","definitions":[{"description":"A population of allogeneic lytic natural killer (NK) cells derived from human umbilical cord blood (UCB), with potential cytotoxic activity. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are isolated from human UCB; this is followed by ex vivo differentiation into mature, highly lytic, NK cells, and expansion. Upon administration, the CB-derived expanded NK cells PNK-007 may lyse cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cord Blood-derived Expanded NK Cells PNK-007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cord Blood-derived Expanded Natural Killer Cells PNK-007","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cord Blood-derived Expanded Natural Killer Cells PNK-007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human CB-derived Natural Killer Cells PNK-007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNK 007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNK-007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509621"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782352"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782352"}]}}{"C1057":{"preferredName":"Cordycepin","code":"C1057","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to a family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A purine nucleoside antimetabolite and antibiotic isolated from the fungus Cordyceps militaris with potential antineoplastic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Cordycepin is an inhibitor of polyadenylation, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and reduces mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, which may result in both the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-related kinase (PIKK) family, plays an important role in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway that regulates cell growth and proliferation, and its expression or activity is frequently dysregulated in human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3'-Deoxyadenosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3'-dA-CE Phosphoramidite","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-dAdenosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Cordyceposidoadenine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CORDYCEPIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CORDYCEPIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cordycepin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cordycepin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cordycepine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kordicepin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cordycepin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"627047"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"63984"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"401022"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0056331"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"73-03-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"TdT-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GZ8VF4M2J8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42667"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42667"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cordycepin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:29014"}]}}{"C967":{"preferredName":"Cordycepin Triphosphate","code":"C967","definitions":[{"description":"The triphosphate salt of cordycepin, a purine nucleoside antimetabolite and antibiotic isolated from the fungus Cordyceps militaris with potential antineoplastic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Cordycepin is an inhibitor of polyadenylation, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and reduces mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, which may result in both the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-related kinase (PIKK) family, plays an important role in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway that regulates cell growth and proliferation, and its expression or activity is frequently dysregulated in human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CORDYCEPIN TRIPHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cordycepin Triphosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cordycepin-5'-triphosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0046803"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"73-04-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"59P84ZU54H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cordycepin_Triphosphate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:52316"}]}}{"C78184":{"preferredName":"Coriolus Versicolor Extract","code":"C78184","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of breast cancer and other types of cancer. Coriolus versicolor is a type of mushroom. Its extract is used with other treatments in some cultures to treat cancer and other conditions. The extract may boost the immune system, slow the growth of some tumor cells, and lessen the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. It is a type of biological response modifier (BRM) and a type of dietary supplement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An extract derived from the mushroom Coriolus versicolor, containing polysaccharide K (PSK) and polysaccharide-peptide (PSP), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Coriolus versicolor extract has been shown to stimulate the production of lymphocytes and cytokines, such as interferons and interleukins, and may exhibit antioxidant activities. However, the precise mechanism of action(s) of this agent is unknown.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Coriolus Versicolor Extract","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Coriolus Versicolor Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coriolus versicolor extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Yunzhi Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383577"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594403"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594403"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Coriolus_Versicolor_Extract"}]}}{"C76112":{"preferredName":"Corticorelin Acetate","code":"C76112","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of brain cancer. It is made naturally by the hypothalamus (a part of the brain) and can also be made in the laboratory. Human corticotropin-releasing factor may help reduce symptoms caused by edema (swelling) of the brain. It is a type of neurohormone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The acetate salt form of coticorelin, a synthetic peptide of neurohormone corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), with potential antitumor and antiangiogenesis activities. Upon administration, corticorelin stimulates adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion from the anterior pituitary gland. In turn, ACTH stimulates cortisol production from the adrenal cortex and is regulated by a negative feedback mechanism. Corticorelin appears to inhibit swelling around brain tumors through reduction in vascular leakage and maintenance of endothelial cell integrity. This agent potentially suppresses vascularization and tumor cell growth through reduction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that appears to be via activation of corticotrophin-releasing factor receptor 2 (CRFR2), a G protein-coupled receptor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CORTICORELIN ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Corticorelin Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Corticorelin Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Corticotropin-Releasing Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xerecept","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hCRF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"human corticotropin-releasing factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"19437022"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515366"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"86784-80-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2YF82QN5RY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385686"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385686"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C208H344N60O63S2.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Corticorelin_Acetate"}]}}{"C1058":{"preferredName":"Cortisone Acetate","code":"C1058","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt form of cortisone, a synthetic or semisynthetic analog of the naturally occurring cortisone hormone produced by the adrenal glands with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. Cortisone acetate diffuses through the cell membrane and binds to nuclear glucocorticoid receptors. The receptor-ligand complex binds to promotor regions of certain genes and initiates RNA transcription. This results in an induction of synthesis of certain anti-inflammatory proteins while inhibiting the synthesis of certain inflammatory mediators.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"21-(Acetyloxy)-17-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,11,20-trione","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"21-(Acetyloxy)-17-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,11,20-trione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6alpha,9Difluoro-11beta,17,21-trihydroxypregna-1,4- diene-3,20-dione 21-acetate 17- Butyrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CORTISONE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cortisone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortisone acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cortogen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortogen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cortone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cortone acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"49420"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0056391"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-04-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"883WKN7W8X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H30O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cortisone_Acetate"}]}}{"C1877":{"preferredName":"Cositecan","code":"C1877","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to a family of drugs called topoisomerase inhibitors. It is related to the anticancer drug camptothecin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic silicon-containing agent related to camptothecin with antineoplastic properties. Cositecan stabilizes the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks and consequently triggering apoptosis. Because it is lipophilic, cositecan exhibits enhanced tissue penetration and bio-availability compared to water-soluble camptothecins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4S)-4-Ethyl-4-hydroxy-11-(2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl)-1,12-dihydro-14H-pyrano(3',4':6,7)indolizino(1,2-b)quinoline-3,14(4H)-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNP1350","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COSITECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cositecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cositecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DB 172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Karenitecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"karenitecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"710270"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935985"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"203923-89-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"24R60NVC41"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38211"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38211"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H28N2O4Si"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Karenitecin"}]}}{"C61493":{"preferredName":"Coxsackievirus V937","code":"C61493","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of naturally occurring, oncolytic enterovirus, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, coxsackievirus V937 targets and binds to intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and decay acceleration factor (DAF), both cell surface molecules that are overexpressed on certain malignant cells. After entering the cells, coxsackievirus V937 replicates in these cancer cells, thereby causing cancer cell lysis. This results in a reduction of tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAVATAK","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COXSACKIEVIRUS A21","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CVA21","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coxsackievirus A21","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coxsackievirus V937","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Coxsackievirus V937","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V 937","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V-937","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V937","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1440507"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4B57CWT710"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486330"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486330"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Coxsackievirus_A21"}]}}{"C88342":{"preferredName":"CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide GNKG168","code":"C88342","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, 21-mer, unmethylated CpG motif-based oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), with immunostimulatory activity. CpG oligodeoxynucleotide GNKG168 binds to and activates Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and is taken up into cells by endocytosis; once internalized, it may activate numerous signaling transduction pathways resulting in the release of multiple cytokines, such as immunoglobulins (Igs), interferons (IFNs), interleukins (ILs) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Through activation of TLR9, this ODN can directly stimulate B-lymphocytes, dendritic and natural killer (NK) cells, resulting in an increase in innate immunity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). In addition, through the release of IL-12 and IFN, this agent may induce a preferential shift to the T-helper 1(Th1) phenotype resulting in enhanced CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CpG ODN GNKG168","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide GNKG168","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide GNKG168","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GNKG-168","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GNKG-168","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GNKG168","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981861"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JK03C8HWHK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662816"}]}}{"C64639":{"preferredName":"Crenolanib","code":"C64639","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable benzimidazole targeting the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) subtypes alpha and beta and FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, crenolanib binds to and inhibits both wild-type and mutated forms of PDGFR and Flt3, which may result in the inhibition of PDGFR- and Flt3-related signal transduction pathways. This results in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation in PDGFR and/or Flt3 overexpressing tumor cells. PDGFR and Flt3, class III receptor tyrosine kinases, are upregulated or mutated in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Piperidinamine, 1-[2-[5-[(3-methyl-3-oxetanyl)methoxy]-1Hbenzimidazol-1-yl]-8-quinolinyl]-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-868,596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-868596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRENOLANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Crenolanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDGFR Inhibitor CP-868596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[1-[2-[5-(3-Methyloxetan-3-ylmethoxy)benzimidazol-1-yl]quinolin-8-yl]piperidin-4-yl]amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831982"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"670220-88-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LQF7I567TQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518325"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518325"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H29N5O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CP-868_596"}]}}{"C106204":{"preferredName":"Crenolanib Besylate","code":"C106204","definitions":[{"description":"The besylate salt form of crenolanib, an orally bioavailable benzimidazole targeting the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) subtypes alpha and beta and FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, crenolanib binds to and inhibits both wild-type and mutated forms of PDGFR and Flt3, which may result in the inhibition of PDGFR- and Flt3-related signal transduction pathways. This results in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation in PDGFR and/or Flt3 overexpressing tumor cells. PDGFR and Flt3, class III receptor tyrosine kinases, are upregulated or mutated in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Piperidinamine, 1-[2-[5-[(3-methyl-3-oxetanyl)methoxy]-1Hbenzimidazol-1-yl]-8-quinolinyl]-, Benzenesulfonate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-868,596-26","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-86859626","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRENOLANIB BESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Crenolanib Besylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Crenolanib Besylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[1-[2-[5-(3-Methyloxetan-3-ylmethoxy)benzimidazol-1-yl]quinolin-8-yl]piperidin-4-yl]amine Monobenzenesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827141"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"670220-93-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MC4B01024K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779361"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779361"}]}}{"C74061":{"preferredName":"Crizotinib","code":"C74061","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It blocks enzymes that cancer cells need to grow and spread. It may also prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally available aminopyridine-based inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and the c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) with antineoplastic activity. Crizotinib, in an ATP-competitive manner, binds to and inhibits ALK kinase and ALK fusion proteins. In addition, crizotinib inhibits c-Met kinase, and disrupts the c-Met signaling pathway. Altogether, this agent inhibits tumor cell growth. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-3-(1-(2,6-Dichloro-3-Fluorophenyl)Ethoxy)-5-(1-(Piperidin-4-Yl)-1h-Pyrazol-4-Yl)Pyridin-2-Amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Pyridinamine, 3-((1R)-1-(2,6-Dichloro-3-Fluorophenyl)Ethoxy)-5-(1-(4-Piperidinyl)-1H-Pyrazol-4-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRIZOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Crizotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Crizotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-02341066","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor PF-02341066","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PF-02341066","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PF-2341066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xalkori","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2974289"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"877399-52-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"53AH36668S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586080"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586080"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H22Cl2FN5O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MET_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_PF-02341066"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64310"}]}}{"C66938":{"preferredName":"Crolibulin","code":"C66938","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule tubulin polymerization inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Microtubulin inhibitor EPC2407 binds to the colchicine-binding site on beta-tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of tubulin into microtubules, which may result in cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. As a vascular disruption agent (VDA), this agent also disrupts tumor neovascularization, which may result in a reduction in tumor blood flow and tumor hypoxia and ischemic necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CROLIBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Crolibulin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Crolibulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPC2407","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microtubule Inhibitor EPC2407","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880474"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1000852-17-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9ENT43KY91"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536028"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536028"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H17BrN4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"EPC2407"}]}}{"C1546":{"preferredName":"Cryptophycin","code":"C1546","definitions":[{"description":"The cryptophycins are a family of 16-membered macrolide antimitotic agents isolated from the cyanobacteria Nostoc sp. The mechanism of anticancer activity of the cryptophycins has been associated with their destabilization of microtubules and induction of bcl-2 phosphorylation leading to apoptosis. Cryptophycins demonstrated activity against the wide spectrum of solid tumors including those that overexpress the multidrug resistance efflux pump P-glycoprotein. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"10-((3-Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)methyl)-6-methyl-3-(2-methylpropyl)-16-(1-(3-phenyloxiranyl)ethyl)-1,4-dioxa-8,11-diazacyclohexadec-13-ene-2,5,9,12-tetrone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryptophycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cryptophycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryptophycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cryptophycin 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"667642"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0257217"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"124689-65-2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cryptophycin"}]}}{"C1826":{"preferredName":"Cryptophycin 52","code":"C1826","definitions":[{"description":"A member of the cryptophycin family of antitumor agents that binds to microtubules, inducing growth arrest and apoptosis in solid tumors. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C-52","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRYPTOPHYCIN-52","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cryptophycin 52","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclo[2,2-dimethyl-.beta.-alanyl-(2S)-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoyl-(2E,5S,6S)-5-hydroxy-6-[(2R,3R)-3-phenyloxiranyl]-2-heptenoyl-3-chloro-O-methyl-D-tyrosyl]","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cyclo[2,2-dimethyl-beta-alanyl-(2S)-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoyl-(2E,5S,6S)-5-hydroxy-6-[(2R,3R)-3-phenyloxiranyl]-2-heptenoyl-3-chloro-O-methyl-D-tyrosyl]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 355703","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0756544"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"186256-67-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I7FQ5A183L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cryptophycin_52"}]}}{"C95769":{"preferredName":"Crystalline Genistein Formulation AXP107-11","code":"C95769","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available crystalline formulation of genistein, a soy-derived isoflavone and phytoestrogen with potential antineoplastic, chemosensitizing, and antioxidant activities. Similar to genistein, crystalline genistein formulation AXP107-11 increases expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), which deactivates protein kinase Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK1 and 3; ERK2 and 1), thereby disrupting PI3K/Akt signal transduction and inducing apoptosis. This agent also induces antioxidant enzymes through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, inhibits NF-kB activation and decreases inflammation response, thereby sensitizing tumors to chemotherapy. Compared to genistein itself, this crystalline formulation shows improved solubility and bioavailability.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXP107-11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Crystalline Genistein Formulation AXP107-11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428211"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683963"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683963"}]}}{"C129653":{"preferredName":"CSF-1R Inhibitor BLZ945","code":"C129653","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R; CSF1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. CSF1R inhibitor BLZ945 selectively binds to CSF1R expressed on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), blocks the activity of CSF1R, and inhibits CSF1R-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits the activity and proliferation of TAMs, and reprograms the immunosuppressive nature of existing TAMs. Altogether, this reduces TAM-mediated immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment, re-activates the immune system, and improves anti-tumor cell responses mediated by T-cells. CSF1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (cluster of differentiation 115), is a cell-surface receptor for its ligand, colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1); this receptor is overexpressed by TAMs in the tumor microenvironment, and plays a major role in both immune suppression and the induction of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-((2-(((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)amino)benzo[d]thiazol-6-yl)oxy)-N-methylpicolinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-[2((1R,2R)-2-Hydroxycyclohexylamino)-benzothiazol-6-yloxyl]-pyridine- 2-carboxylic Acid Methylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLZ 945","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLZ-945","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLZ-945","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BLZ945","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF-1R Inhibitor BLZ945","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3252423"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"953769-46-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7W3V82OQ0P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784318"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784318"}]}}{"C136424":{"preferredName":"CSF1R Inhibitor DCC-3014","code":"C136424","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase receptor colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; C-FMS; CD115; M-CSFR), with potential antineoplastic, macrophage checkpoint-inhibitory and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, CSF1R inhibitor DCC-3014 targets and binds to CSF1R expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and osteoclasts and inhibits the binding of the CSF1R ligands colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and interleukin-34 (IL-34), to CSF1R. This prevents CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling in these cells. This blocks the production of inflammatory mediators by macrophages and monocytes and reduces inflammation. By blocking the recruitment to the tumor microenvironment and activity of CSF1R-dependent tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), DCC-3014 inhibits the immunomodulating activity by macrophages and enhances T-cell infiltration and antitumor T-cell immune responses, which inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. TAMs play key roles in the tumor microenvironment and allow for immune suppression; TAMs promote inflammation, tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasiveness and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CSF1R Inhibitor DCC-3014","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CSF1R Inhibitor DCC-3014","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCC 3014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCC-3014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCC3014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523727"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789223"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789223"}]}}{"C129688":{"preferredName":"CSF1R Inhibitor PLX73086","code":"C129688","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CSF1R inhibitor PLX73086 targets and binds to CSF1R, thereby blocking CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling. This inhibits the activity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor tissue and prevents TAM-related tumor cell growth. CSF1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (cluster of differentiation 115), is a cell-surface receptor for its ligand colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) and plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AC-708","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC708","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF1R Inhibitor PLX73086","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CSF1R Inhibitor PLX73086","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX7 3086","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX73086","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507868"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C1729":{"preferredName":"CT2584 HMS","code":"C1729","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may prevent the growth of blood vessels from surrounding tissue into a solid tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A lipid metabolism modulator which may inhibit angiogenesis, thereby possibly having antitumor activity. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(11-(dodecylamino)-10-hydroxyundecyl)-3,7-dihydro-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-(11-Dodecylamino-10-Hydroxyundecyl)-3,7-Dimethylxanthine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-2584","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-2584","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CT-2584 HMS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT2584 HMS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0539091"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"166981-13-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42509"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42509"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CT2584_HMS"}]}}{"C146765":{"preferredName":"CTLA-4-directed Probody BMS-986249","code":"C146765","definitions":[{"description":"A probody composed of ipilimumab, a recombinant human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), linked to a proprietary masking peptide that covers the active antigen-binding site of the antibody through a protease-cleavable linker, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of CTLA-4-directed probody BMS-986249, the masking peptide is cleaved by tumor-associated proteases upon extravasation into the tumor microenvironment (TME). Protease-mediated removal of the linker enables binding of the unmasked monoclonal antibody moiety to CTLA-4, which is expressed on certain T-cells. This inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation, and leads to both activation of tumor infiltrating T-effector cells and a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated effector T-cells (Teffs) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs), plays a key role in the inhibition of T-cell activity and downregulation of the immune system. The peptide masking of BMS-986249 minimizes binding to CTLA-4 in normal tissues and may reduce systemic toxicity, when compared to ipilimumab. Tumor-associated proteases are present in high concentrations and aberrantly activated in the TME.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS 986249","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986249","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986249","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTLA-4 Probody BMS-986249","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTLA-4-directed Probody BMS-986249","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CTLA-4-directed Probody BMS-986249","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protease-activated Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody Prodrug BMS-986249","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544788"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792162"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792162"}]}}{"C401":{"preferredName":"Curcumin","code":"C401","definitions":[{"description":"A yellow pigment of the spice turmeric that is being studied in cancer prevention.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A phytopolylphenol pigment isolated from the plant Curcuma longa, commonly known as turmeric, with a variety of pharmacologic properties. Curcumin blocks the formation of reactive-oxygen species, possesses anti-inflammatory properties as a result of inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COX) and other enzymes involved in inflammation; and disrupts cell signal transduction by various mechanisms including inhibition of protein kinase C. These effects may play a role in the agent's observed antineoplastic properties, which include inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and suppression of chemically induced carcinogenesis and tumor growth in animal models of cancer. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E,E)-1,7-Bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C.I. 75300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C.I. Natural Yellow 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CURCUMIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Curcumin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Curcumin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Curcumin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Curcumin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Diferuloylmethane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Turmeric Yellow","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"curcumin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"32982"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010467"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"458-37-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IT942ZTH98"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43115"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43115"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H20O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Curcumin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:3962"}]}}{"C154569":{"preferredName":"Curcumin/Doxorubicin-encapsulating Nanoparticle IMX-110","code":"C154569","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, nano-sized formulation composed of nanoparticles encapsulating the poorly water-soluble curcumin, a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3), nuclear factor Kappa B (NF-kB) and poly-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), and the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the curcumin/doxorubicin-encapsulating nanoparticle IMX-110, the curcumin moiety targets and inhibits the activation of STAT3 and NF-kB and prevents STAT3- and NF-kB-mediated signaling pathways, both of which are activated in a variety of human cancers and plays a key role in neoplastic transformation, uncontrolled tumor cell proliferation, tumor resistance to apoptosis, metastasis and immune evasion. The doxorubicin moiety intercalates into DNA and interferes with topoisomerase II activity. This inhibits DNA replication and RNA synthesis, leading to tumor cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. This agent also interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. Delivery of doxorubicin in nanoparticles may improve drug penetration into tumors and curcumin, by inhibiting NFkB and STAT3 activity, may circumvent the tumor cells multidrug resistance mechanisms and may therefore be effective in chemoresistant tumor cells. Chemotherapeutic agents, such as doxorubicin, upregulate the expression of NF-kB in tumor cells which generates chemotherapy-resistant tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Curcumin/Doxorubicin-encapsulating Nanoparticle IMX-110","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMX 110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMX-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMX110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stat3/NF-kB/poly-tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor/Doxorubicin-encapsulating Nanoparticle IMX-110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555361"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794327"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794327"}]}}{"C106116":{"preferredName":"Cusatuzumab","code":"C106116","definitions":[{"description":"A defucosylated, humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cusatuzumab selectively binds to, and neutralizes the activity of CD70, which may also induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against CD70-expressing tumor cells. CD70, the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27 and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is found on a number of solid and hematological tumors. Its overexpression may play an important role in evasion of immune surveillance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARGX-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD70 Monoclonal Antibody ARGX-110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUSATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cusatuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cusatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447355"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1864871-20-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RR5U4UFJ8L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748589"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748589"}]}}{"C1055":{"preferredName":"Custirsen Sodium","code":"C1055","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks the production of a protein called clusterin, which helps cells live longer. This may kill cancer cells that need clusterin to grow. It may also make cells more sensitive to anticancer drugs. It is a type of antisense oligonucleotide, and a type of chemosensitizing agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The eicosasodium salt of a mixed-backbone antisense oligodeoxynucleotide with chemosensitizing properties. Custirsen inhibits testosterone-repressed prostate message-2 (TRPM-2). Administration of custirsen abrogates the anti-apoptotic effect of TRPM-2, thereby sensitizing cells to chemotherapy and resulting in tumor cell death. TRPM-2 is an anti-apoptotic clusterin that is overexpressed by prostate cancer cells and is associated with chemoresistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3'-5')d(P-thio)([2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)]m5rC-[2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)]rA-[2'-O-(2- methoxyethyl)]rG-[2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)]m5rC-A-G-C-A-G-A-G-T-C-T-T-C-A-[2'-O-(2- methoxyethyl)]m5rU-[2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)]m5rC-[2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)]rA-[2'-O-(2- methoxyethyl)]m5rU), Eicosasodium Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antisense TRPM-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antisense Testosterone-Repressed Prostate Message 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUSTIRSEN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Clusterin Antisense Oligonucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Custirsen Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Custirsen Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS 112989","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OGX-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRPM-2 Antisense","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"custirsen sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328699"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"685922-56-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ILE26V76EB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"271195"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"271195"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C231H292N78O119P20S20.20Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"OGX-011"}]}}{"C123383":{"preferredName":"CXC Chemokine Receptor 2 Antagonist AZD5069","code":"C123383","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective and reversible antagonist of CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CXC chemokine receptor 2 antagonist AZD5069 directly binds to CXCR2 and inhibits its activation. This inhibits CXCR2-mediated signaling and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in CXCR2-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, AZD5069 reduces both neutrophil recruitment and migration from the systemic circulation into sites of inflammation, including the lung mucosa; it may also prevent neutrophil migration from the bone marrow. This results in the reduction of inflammation, mucus production, and neutrophil proteinase-mediated tissue destruction in the lung. CXCR2, a G protein-coupled receptor protein also known as IL-8 receptor B (IL-8RB), is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and progression; it is known to be elevated in several inflammatory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and fibrotic pulmonary disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD5069","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CXC Chemokine Receptor 2 Antagonist AZD5069","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CXC Chemokine Receptor 2 Antagonist AZD5069","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CXCR2 Antagonist AZD5069","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4045791"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774892"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774892"}]}}{"C150389":{"preferredName":"CXCR1/2 Inhibitor SX-682","code":"C150389","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective and reversible antagonist of C-X-C motif chemokine receptors 1 (CXCR1) and 2 (CXCR2), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration CXCR1/2 inhibitor SX-682 selectively and allosterically binds to CXCR 1 and 2 and inhibits their activation by tumor-secreted chemokines. This inhibits CXCR1/2-mediated signaling, reduces both recruitment and migration of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment (TME), inhibits inflammatory processes and abrogates the immunosuppressive-induced nature of the TME. This allows effector cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), to kill and eliminate cancer cells. This inhibits tumor cell migration, metastasis, angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. CXCR1 and 2, G protein-coupled receptor proteins located on myeloid cells and certain tumor cells, play key roles in the immunosuppressive nature of the TME, tumor metastasis, therapy-resistance and myeloid cell suppression. They play a key role in inflammation and their expression is elevated in several inflammatory-driven diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2-(((5-((4-Fluorophenyl)carbamoyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)thio)methyl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)boronic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CXCR1/2 Inhibitor SX-682","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SX 682","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SX-682","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SX682","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552163"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1648843-04-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792795"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792795"}]}}{"C153151":{"preferredName":"CXCR2 Antagonist QBM076","code":"C153151","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule antagonist of the G protein-coupled receptor, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, QBM076 binds to and inhibits the activation of CXCR2, resulting in reduced neutrophil recruitment, myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) accumulation, and may potentially slow tumorigenesis and metastatic processes. CXCR2 is upregulated in a variety of cancer types, predominately in neutrophils/MDSCs rather than tumor cells, and is thought to contribute to tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CXCR2 Antagonist QBM076","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CXCR2 Antagonist QBM076","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QBM 076","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QBM-076","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QBM076","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554404"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793940"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793940"}]}}{"C88309":{"preferredName":"Motixafortide","code":"C88309","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) with potential antineoplastic activity. CXCR4 antagonist BL-8040 selectively binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, preventing the binding of stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration. In addition, inhibition of CXCR4 may induce mobilization of hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow into blood. The G protein-coupled receptor CXCR4 plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types; SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction induces retention of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4F-Benzoyl-TN14003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BKT140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL-8040","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOTIXAFORTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Motixafortide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Motixafortide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-fluoro-benzoyl)-l-arginyl-l-arginyl-(l-3-(naphthyl)alanyl)-l-cysteinyl-l-tyrosyl-l-citrullinyl-l-lysyl-d-lysyl-l-prolyl-l-tyrosyl-l-arginyl-l-citrullinyl-l-cysteinyl-l-arginine Amide,Cyclic (4-13)-disulfide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TF 14016","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981825"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"664334-36-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DA9G065962"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659935"}]}}{"C131534":{"preferredName":"CXCR4 Antagonist USL311","code":"C131534","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, USL311 binds to CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal-cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to CXCR4 and inhibiting CXCR4 activation, which may result in decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-expressing tumor cells. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis, and is upregulated in several tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CXCR4 Antagonist USL311","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CXCR4 Antagonist USL311","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CXCR4 Inhibitor USL311","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"USL 311","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"USL311","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514455"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786185"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786185"}]}}{"C74022":{"preferredName":"CXCR4 Inhibitor Q-122","code":"C74022","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXCR4 with potential antineoplastic and antiviral activities. CXCR4 inhibitor MSX-122 binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, preventing the binding of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) to the CXCR4 receptor and receptor activation, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the GPCR (G protein-coupled receptor) gene family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types; it is also a co-receptor for HIV entry into T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CXCR4 Inhibitor Q-122","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CXCR4 Inhibitor Q-122","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSX-122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Q 122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Q-122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Q122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347544"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586491"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586491"}]}}{"C106253":{"preferredName":"CXCR4 Peptide Antagonist LY2510924","code":"C106253","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, CXCR4 inhibitor LY2510924 binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, thereby preventing CXCR4 binding to its ligand, stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1), and subsequent receptor activation. This may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) gene family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CXCR4 Peptide Antagonist LY2510924","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CXCR4 Peptide Antagonist LY2510924","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2510924","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827103"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703819"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703819"}]}}{"C148166":{"preferredName":"Cyclin-dependent Kinase 8/19 Inhibitor BCD 115","code":"C148166","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinases 8 and 19 (CDK8/19), with potential antineoplastic and chemoprotective activities. Upon oral administration, CDK8/19 inhibitor BCD 115 binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK8/19, which prevents activation of CDK8/19-mediated oncogenic signaling pathways, blocks selective transcription of certain tumor promoting genes, and inhibits proliferation of CDK8/19-overexpressing tumor cells. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and may be overexpressed in certain cancer cell types. CDK8 plays a key role in transcription regulation and is an important oncogenic driver in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCD 115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD-115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK 8/19 Inhibitor BCD 115","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin-dependent Kinase 8/19 Inhibitor BCD 115","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550778"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792544"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792544"}]}}{"C151988":{"preferredName":"Ebvaciclib","code":"C151988","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ebvaciclib selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDKs. Inhibition of these kinases leads to cell cycle arrest, an induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are ATP-dependent serine/threonine kinases that are important regulators of cell cycle progression and proliferation and are frequently overexpressed in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK Inhibitor PF-06873600","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBVACICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ebvaciclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ebvaciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06873600","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06873600","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553210"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3B512HJD65"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793673"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793673"}]}}{"C62600":{"preferredName":"Cyclodextrin-Based Polymer-Camptothecin CRLX101","code":"C62600","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of camptothecin, an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, conjugated with to a hydrophilic, cyclodextrin-based linear polymer with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, camptothecin is slowly released from the formulation at the tumor site and taken up by tumor cells. During the S phase of the cell cycle, camptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. Compared to camptothecin alone, the cyclodextrin-based polymer formulation has a prolonged half life and greatly improves the biodistribution of camptothecin resulting in an accumulation of camptothecin at the tumor site, which enhances tumor exposure while greatly reducing toxic side effects. In addition, cyclodextrin-based polymer-camptothecin may be able to overcome certain kinds of multidrug resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRLX101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptothecin-Polymer Conjugate IT-101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclodextrin-Based Polymer-Camptothecin CRLX101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cyclodextrin-Based Polymer-Camptothecin CRLX101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP0057","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IT-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831896"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489507"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489507"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cyclodextrin-Based_Polymer-Camptothecin"}]}}{"C28899":{"preferredName":"Cyclodisone","code":"C28899","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclic sulfonate ester with potential antineoplastic activity. As an alkylating agent, clyclodisone induces the formation of DNA interstrand crosslinks, DNA strand breaks, and alkali-labile lesions in the DNA of some tumor cell lines. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA synthesis and cell division. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYCLODISONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cyclodisone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"348948"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0056746"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"99591-73-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7YFV4WN79I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cyclodisone"}]}}{"C404":{"preferredName":"Cycloleucine","code":"C404","definitions":[{"description":"A non-metabolizable synthetic amino acid, formed through the cyclization of the amino acid leucine, with immunosuppressive, antineoplastic, and cytostatic activities. Cycloleucine competitively inhibits the enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase, resulting in the inhibition of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthesis from methionine and ATP, and subsequent nucleic acid methylation and polyamine production; RNA, and perhaps to a lesser extent, DNA biosyntheses and cell cycle progression are finally disrupted. This agent is also a competitive inhibitor at the glycine modulatory site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Aminocyclopentane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACPC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACPC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CB 1639","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CB-1639","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYCLOLEUCINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cycloleucine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cycloleucine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"1026"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010575"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52-52-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0TQU7668EI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39200"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39200"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H11NO2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cycloleucine"}]}}{"C1359":{"preferredName":"Cyclopentenyl Cytosine","code":"C1359","definitions":[{"description":"A pro-drug carbocyclic analogue of cytidine with antineoplastic and antiviral activities. Cyclopentenyl cytosine (CPEC) is converted to the active metabolite cyclopentenyl cytosine 5'-triphosphate (CPEC-TP); CPEC-TP competitively inhibits cytidine triphosphate (CTP) synthase, thereby depleting intracellular cytidine pools and inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent may also induce differentiation of some tumor cell types. The antiviral activity of this agent is broad-spectrum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-amino-1-[4, 5-dihydroxy- 3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-yl]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CPE-C","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYCLOPENTENYL CYTOSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cyclopentenyl Cytosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclopentenylcytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cyclopentenylcytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclopentenylcytosine Triphosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"375575"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0111606"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"90597-22-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"69MO0NDN8K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41433"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41433"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cyclopentenyl_Cytosine"}]}}{"C405":{"preferredName":"Cyclophosphamide","code":"C405","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat many types of cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is also used to treat some types of kidney disease in children. Cyclophosphamide attaches to DNA in cells and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic alkylating agent chemically related to the nitrogen mustards with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. In the liver, cyclophosphamide is converted to the active metabolites aldophosphamide and phosphoramide mustard, which bind to DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and initiating cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Cyclophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-bis(2-chloroethyl)-amino-1-oxo-2-aza-5-oxaphosphoridin monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorine 2-oxide monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-[bis(b-chloroethyl)amino]-1-oxa-3-aza-2-phosphacyclohexane-2-oxide monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-[di(chloroethyl)amino]-1-oxa-3-aza-2-phosphacyclohexane 2-oxide monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2H-1,3,2-Oxazaphosphorine, 2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]tetrahydro-, 2-oxide, 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acid ester diamide monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N'-(3-hydroxypropyl)phosphorodiamidic acid intramolecular ester monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-2-amine 2-oxide monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-bis(b-chloroethyl)-N',O-trimethylenephosphoric acid ester diamide monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-bis(beta-chloroethyl)-N',O-propylenephosphoric acid ester diamide monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-bis(beta-chloroethyl)-N',O-trimethylenephosphoric acid ester diamide monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neosar","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neosar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Revimmune","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syklofosfamid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR- 138719","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphamide cyclic propanolamide ester monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cyclophosphamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"26271"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010583"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6055-19-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; Leukemias; Lupus nephritis; Lymphoma; Multiple myeloma; Neuroblastoma; Nephrotic syndrome; Ovarian cancer; Retinoblastoma; Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia; Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8N3DW7272P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39748"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39748"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H15Cl2N2O2P.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cyclophosphamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4026"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cyclophosphamide"}]}}{"C61694":{"preferredName":"Cyclophosphamide Anhydrous","code":"C61694","definitions":[{"description":"The anhydrous form of cyclophosphamide, a synthetic nitrogen mustard alkylating agent, with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. In the liver, cyclophosphamide is converted to active metabolites including phosphoramide mustard, which binds to and crosslinks DNA and RNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and protein synthesis. This agent, at low doses, is also a potent immunosuppressant primarily by depleting T-regulatory cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-2-amine, N,N-is(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-,2-oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cyclophosphamide Anhydrous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-2-amine 2-Oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880207"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-18-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6UXW23996M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H15Cl2N2O2P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cyclophosphamide_Anhydrous"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4027"}]}}{"C406":{"preferredName":"Cyclosporine","code":"C406","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to help reduce the risk of rejection of organ and bone marrow transplants by the body. It is also used in clinical trials to make cancer cells more sensitive to anticancer drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural cyclic polypeptide immunosuppressant isolated from the fungus Beauveria nivea. The exact mechanism of action of cyclosporine is not known but may involve binding to the cellular protein cytophilin, resulting in inhibition of the enzyme calcineurin. This agent appears to specifically and reversibly inhibit immunocompetent lymphocytes in the G0-or G1-phase of the cell cycle. T-lymphocytes are preferentially inhibited with T-helper cells as the primary target. Cyclosporine also inhibits lymphokine production and release. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"27-400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"27-400","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CYCLOSPORINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ciclosporin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ciclosporin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CsA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclosporin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclosporin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cyclosporin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclosporine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cyclosporine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cyclosporine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclosporine Modified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gengraf","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoral","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OL 27-400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sandimmune","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SangCya","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cyclosporine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"290193"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010592"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"59865-13-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Allogenic transplants; prophylaxis of organ rejection in bone marrow; kidney; liver and heart transplants; psoriasis; rheumatoid arthritis; various diseases that involve autoimmune response"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"83HN0GTJ6D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39201"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39201"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C62H111N11O12"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cyclosporine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4031"}]}}{"C95716":{"preferredName":"CYL-02 Plasmid DNA","code":"C95716","definitions":[{"description":"A gene transfer preparation of a plasmid DNA encoding mouse somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (sst2) and a fusion protein of human deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) and uridine monophosphate kinase (UMK), complexed to a synthetic polycationic carrier, polyethylenimine, with antineoplastic adjuvant application. Upon administration, CYL-02 plasmid DNA expresses DCK::UMK fusion protein that converts gemcitabine into its toxic phosphorylated metabolite. Expression of sst2 protein by this agent could induce both antioncogenic and local antitumor bystander effects. A loss of sst2 gene expression often is found in pancreatic and colorectal cancers, and is the receptor for somatostatin which negatively regulates a number of processes such as epithelial cell proliferation. Combination effects of these gene products allows for less chemotherapy to cause tumor cell lysis in not only the original tumor, but in distant tumors as well.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYL-02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYL-02 Plasmid DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428180"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693517"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693517"}]}}{"C156744":{"preferredName":"CYP11A1 inhibitor ODM-208","code":"C156744","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, non-steroidal, selective inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome 450 side-chain cleavage (scc) (CYP11A1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CYP11A1 inhibitor ODM-208 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CYP11A1. This prevents the synthesis of all steroid hormones and their precursors. This may inhibit proliferation of hormone-positive tumor cells. CYP11A1, a mitochondrial enzyme, catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone (Preg), which is the first rate-liming step in steroid hormone biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYP11A1 inhibitor ODM-208","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM 208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM-208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935891"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795704"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795704"}]}}{"C102855":{"preferredName":"CYP17/CYP11B2 Inhibitor LAE001","code":"C102855","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, non-steroidal, potent, reversible, dual inhibitor of cytochrome P450 17 (CYP17 or CYP17A1) and CYP11B2, with potential antiandrogen and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, LAE001 inhibits the enzymatic activity of CYP17A1 in both the testes and adrenal glands, thereby inhibiting androgen production. This may decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling and may inhibit cell proliferation of androgen-dependent tumor cells. LAE001 also inhibits the enzymatic activity of CYP11B2, thereby inhibiting aldosterone production. This may reduce the elevated aldosterone levels resulting from CYP17 inhibition and androgen deprivation, leading to a reduction in mineralocorticoid side effects including cardiovascular complications. The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17A1, localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, exhibits both 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities, and plays a key role in the steroidogenic pathway that produces steroidal hormones. The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP11B2, aldosterone synthase, is an enzyme that plays a key role in aldosterone biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CFG 920","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CFG-920","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CFG-920","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CFG920","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYP17/CYP11B2 Inhibitor LAE001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CYP17/CYP11B2 Inhibitor LAE001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAE 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAE-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAE001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437136"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UP0K5026VB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737730"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737730"}]}}{"C120310":{"preferredName":"CYP17 Lyase Inhibitor ASN001","code":"C120310","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available non-steroidal, lyase-selective inhibitor of the steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/C17,20 lyase (CYP17A1 or CYP17), with potential anti-androgenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CYP17 lyase inhibitor ASN001 selectively binds to and inhibits the lyase activity of CYP17A1 in both the testes and adrenal glands, resulting in a significant reduction in androgen production to castrate-range levels. This may both decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling and inhibit the proliferation of androgen-dependent tumor cells. The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17A1, which is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, exhibits both 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities; it plays a key role in the steroidogenic pathway. The selective inhibition of CYP17A1 lyase activity by ASN001 prevents the increased synthesis of mineralocorticoids that is normally seen with non-selective CYP17 inhibitors, which also inhibit the 17-alpha-hydroxylase activity of CYP17A1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASN001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYP17 Lyase Inhibitor ASN001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CYP17 Lyase Inhibitor ASN001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896913"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768724"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768724"}]}}{"C120304":{"preferredName":"CYP17/Androgen Receptor Inhibitor ODM 204","code":"C120304","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of both the steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/C17,20 lyase (CYP17A1 or CYP17) and androgen receptor (AR), with potential anti-androgen and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CYP17/AR inhibitor ODM 204 selectively inhibits the enzymatic activity of CYP17A1 in both the testes and adrenal glands, thereby inhibiting androgen production. This may both decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling and inhibit the proliferation of androgen-dependent tumor cells. In addition, ODM 204 binds to ARs in target tissues and inhibits androgen-induced receptor activation and AR nuclear translocation, which prevents the binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes. This leads to an inhibition of growth in AR-expressing prostate cancer cells. The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17A1, which is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, exhibits both 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYP17/Androgen Receptor Inhibitor ODM 204","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM 204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM-204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896798"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768588"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768588"}]}}{"C407":{"preferredName":"Cyproterone","code":"C407","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic steroidal anti-androgen with antineoplastic activity. Cyproterone, in its acetate form, binds the androgen receptor (AR), thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation and inhibiting the growth of testosterone-sensitive tumor cells. This agent also exerts progesterogenic activity, resulting in a reduction in testicular androgen secretion and total androgen blockade. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYPROTERONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cyproterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Med Cyproterone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SH-881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010621"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2098-66-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E61Q31EK2F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H27ClO3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cyproterone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50742"}]}}{"C1059":{"preferredName":"Cyproterone Acetate","code":"C1059","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic hormone being studied for treatment of hot flashes in men with prostate cancer who have had both testicles removed by surgery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The acetate salt of a synthetic steroidal antiandrogen with weak progestational and antineoplastic activities. Cyproterone binds the androgen receptor (AR), thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation in target tissues and inhibiting the growth of testosterone-sensitive tumor cells. This agent also exerts progestational agonist properties at the level of the pituitary that reduce luteinizing hormone (LH), resulting in reductions in testicular androgen secretion and serum testosterone levels. Treatment with cyproterone alone results in incomplete suppression of serum testosterone levels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3'H-Cyclopropa(1,2)pregna-1,4,6-triene-3,20-dione, 17-(Acetyloxy)-6-chloro-1,2-dihydro-, (1beta,2beta)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Chloro-1b,2b-dihydro-17a-hydroxy-3'H-cyclopropa[1,2]pregna-1,4,6-triene-3,20-dione Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Andro-Diane","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androcur","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androcur","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CYPROTERONE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Chloro-6-hydroxy-17 Alpha Methylene-1 Alpha, 2 Alpha Pregnadiene-4,6 Dione-3, 20 Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CyPat","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyprone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyprostat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyproteronazetat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyproterone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Cyproterone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyproteroni Acetas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diane","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dianette","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SH 714","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SH-714","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SH-714","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"cyproterone acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"81430"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0056855"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"427-51-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4KM2BN5JHF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39203"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39203"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H29ClO4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cyproterone_Acetate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50743"}]}}{"C408":{"preferredName":"Cytarabine","code":"C408","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of leukemia and prevent the spread of leukemia to the meninges (three thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord). It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Cytarabine blocks tumor growth by stopping DNA synthesis. It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antimetabolite analogue of cytidine with a modified sugar moiety (arabinose instead of ribose). Cytarabine is converted to the triphosphate form within the cell and then competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA. Because the arabinose sugar sterically hinders the rotation of the molecule within DNA, DNA replication ceases, specifically during the S phase of the cell cycle. This agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, resulting in a decrease in DNA replication and repair. 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Upon administration of the cytarabine MP prodrug MB07133, the targeting moiety of this agent specifically delivers the cytarabine moiety to the liver. In turn, araCMP is selectively converted to araC triphosphate (araCTP) by a liver kinase, where it binds to and competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA polymerase, and DNA synthesis. This leads to the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and destruction of liver cancer cells. The liver is not able to convert araC into araCMP; araCMP is not converted into araCTP in tissues other than the liver. This enhances efficacy and minimizes systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2R,4S)-4-amino-1-[5-O-[2-oxo-4-(4-pyridyl)-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-2-yl]-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl]-2(1H)-pyrimidinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytarabine Monophosphate Prodrug MB07133","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytarabine Prodrug MB07133","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MB07133","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328712"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352009"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352009"}]}}{"C153327":{"preferredName":"Aspacytarabine","code":"C153327","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule pro-drug consisting of cytarabine, an antimetabolite analog of cytidine with a modified arabinose sugar moiety, covalently bonded to asparagine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, aspacytarabine targets cancer cells, which often lack asparagine synthetase and are dependent on an external source of amino acids due to their high metabolic rate. Once the prodrug is inside target cells, the cytarabine component is cleaved and competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA. The arabinose sugar moiety of cytarabine sterically hinders the rotation of the molecule within DNA, resulting in cell cycle arrest, specifically during the S phase of replication. Cytarabine also inhibits DNA polymerase, resulting in a decrease in DNA replication and repair. Because BST-236 specifically targets cancer cells, it may spare normal tissues from cytarabine-related toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASPACYTARABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ara-C Asparagine Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aspacytarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aspacytarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asparagine Ara-C Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asparagine Cytarabine Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BST 236","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BST-236","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BST236","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytarabine Asparagine Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554435"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JL7V54Z2BR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795601"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795601"}]}}{"C113444":{"preferredName":"Roducitabine","code":"C113444","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule and nucleoside antimetabolite with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tRoducitabine is taken up by cells through a carrier-mediated transporter, phosphorylated by uridine cytidine kinase (UCK) and then further phosphorylated to its diphosphate (RX-DP) and triphosphate forms (RX-TP). The triphosphate form is incorporated into RNA and inhibits RNA synthesis. The diphosphate RX-DP is reduced by ribonucleotide reductase (RR) to dRX-DP; its triphosphate form (dRX-TP) is incorporated into DNA. In addition, RX-3117 also inhibits DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). This eventually leads to cell cycle arrest and the induction of apoptosis. UCK is the rate-limiting enzyme in the pyrimidine-nucleotide salvage pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Amino-1-((1S,4R,5S)-2-fluoro-4,5-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopent-2-en-1-yl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytidine Analog RX-3117","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorocyclopentenylcytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RODUCITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RX-3117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Roducitabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Roducitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TV-1360","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3834251"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"865838-26-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0Z4A82I0JO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756625"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756625"}]}}{"C28950":{"preferredName":"Cytochlor","code":"C28950","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of radiosensitizer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radio-sensitizing pyrimidine nucleoside with potential antineoplastic activity. Cytochlor is metabolized first to a phosphate derivative, CldCMP, by the enzyme deoxycytidine kinase and then to the active uracyl derivative, CldUMP, by the enzyme dCMP deaminase; deoxycytidine kinase and dCMP deaminase have been found in abnormally high concentrations in most cancers. CldUMP, the active metabolite, incorporates into DNA and, upon exposure to radiation, induces the formation of uracil radicals and double-strand DNA breaks. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYTOCHLOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cytochlor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cytochlor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"371331"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328172"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"32387-56-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J14D49ZN55"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"353478"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"353478"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cytochlor"}]}}{"C53396":{"preferredName":"Cytokine-based Biologic Agent IRX-2","code":"C53396","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-free mixture comprised of a variety of naturally-derived cytokines obtained from normal, unrelated donor lymphocytes with potential immunostimulatory activity. The cytokines in IRX-2, including interleukin (IL)-1, -2, -6, -8, -10, -12, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and colony stimulating factors (CSFs), play vital roles in regulating cellular immunity and may synergistically stimulate a cellular immune response against tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cytokine-based Biologic Agent IRX-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRX-2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRX-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0758290"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZDR4QSJ43F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462160"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462160"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"IRX-2"}]}}{"C69140":{"preferredName":"D-methionine Formulation MRX-1024","code":"C69140","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary oral formulation of D-methionine with antioxidant and antimucositis activities. D-methionine formulation MRX-1024 may selectively protect the oral mucosa from the toxic effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy without compromising antitumor activity. D-methionine may be converted into the L- isomer in vivo, particularly in instances of L-methionine deprivation; both isomers have antioxidant activity which may be due, in part, to their sulfur moieties and chelating properties. L-methionine, an essential amino acid, also may help to maintain the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione in cells undergoing oxidative stress and may provide a source of L-cysteine for glutathione synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D-methionine Formulation MRX-1024","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRX-1024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL371849"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"540244"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"540244"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"D-methionine_Formulation_MRX-1024"}]}}{"C2383":{"preferredName":"DAB389 Epidermal Growth Factor","code":"C2383","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fusion protein composed of the diphtheria toxin with the receptor-binding domain replaced by human epidermal growth factor (EGF). When administered, EGF binds to the endothelial cell growth factor receptor, EGFR, which is upregulated in many solid tumors. After binding to the EGF receptor, the agent is internalized by the cell, where the diphtheria toxin moiety exerts its cytotoxic effect, inhibiting protein synthesis through ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor 2. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DAB389 EGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAB389 Epidermal Growth Factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281573"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42032"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42032"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"DAB389_Epidermal_Growth_Factor"}]}}{"C82386":{"preferredName":"Dabrafenib","code":"C82386","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of B-raf (BRAF) protein with potential antineoplastic activity. Dabrafenib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of B-raf, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells which contain a mutated BRAF gene. B-raf belongs to the raf/mil family of serine/threonine protein kinases and plays a role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERKs signaling pathway, which may be constitutively activated due to BRAF gene mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAF Inhibitor GSK2118436","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, N-(3-(5-(2-amino-4-pyrimidinyl)-2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-thiazolyl)-2-fluorophenyl)-2,6-difluoro-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DABRAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dabrafenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dabrafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-2118436","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-2118436A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2118436","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467876"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1195765-45-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with BRAF V600E mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QGP4HA4G1B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641977"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641977"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H20F3N5O2S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BRAF_Inhibitor_GSK2118436"}]}}{"C128059":{"preferredName":"Dabrafenib Mesylate","code":"C128059","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt form of dabrafenib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of B-raf (BRAF) protein with potential antineoplastic activity. Dabrafenib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of B-raf, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells which contain a mutated BRAF gene. B-raf belongs to the raf/mil family of serine/threonine protein kinases and plays a role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERKs signaling pathway, which may be constitutively activated due to BRAF gene mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DABRAFENIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dabrafenib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dabrafenib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dabrafenib Methanesulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2118436 Methane Sulfonate Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2118436B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tafinlar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3644554"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1195768-06-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with BRAF V600E mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B6DC89I63E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641977"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641977"}]}}{"C411":{"preferredName":"Dacarbazine","code":"C411","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat Hodgkin lymphoma and malignant melanoma and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It attaches to DNA in cells and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A triazene derivative with antineoplastic activity. Dacarbazine alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. 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SGN-40 is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the CD40 receptor with potential antineoplastic activity. Dacetuzumab specifically binds to and inhibits the CD40 receptor, thereby inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cellular proliferation via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cells that overexpress this receptor. The CD40 receptor, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor super-family, is highly expressed on most B lineage hematologic malignancies including multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-huCD40 mAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACETUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dacetuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dacetuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody SGN-40","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-40","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-40","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"huS2C6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742509"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"880486-59-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UT59FF4T5X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365545"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365545"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SGN-40"}]}}{"C64784":{"preferredName":"DACH Polymer Platinate AP5346","code":"C64784","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of head and neck cancer. It may kill cancer cells by carrying an anticancer drug into the tumor. It is a type of platinum compound.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A low molecular weight polymer-conjugated platinum complex with potential antineoplastic activity. This polymer drug delivery system consists of cytotoxic diaminocyclohexane (DACH)-platinum (Pt) coupled to a water-soluble biocompatible hydroxypropylmethacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer via a pH sensitive linker. Due to decreased pH at the tumor site, the linker is cleaved and the chelated active moiety DACH-Pt is released in tumor cells. DACH-Pt alkylates macromolecules and causes both inter- and intra-strand platinum-DNA crosslinks, which impede DNA replication and transcription, thereby resulting in cell-cycle independent cytotoxicity. The HPMA-based drug delivery system enhances the concentration of DACH-Pt at the tumor site and prolongs the half life of the agent, thereby increasing exposure and efficacy at the target tumor sites while minimizing side effects in normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP5346","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP5346","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DACH Polymer Platinate AP5346","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1723251"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526175"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526175"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"DACH_Polymer_Platinate_AP5346"}]}}{"C113175":{"preferredName":"DACH-Platin Micelle NC-4016","code":"C113175","definitions":[{"description":"Polymeric micellar nanoparticles containing diaminocyclohexane platinum (DACH-platin or DACH-Pt) with potential antineoplastic activity. DACH-platin micelle NC-4016 is prepared through the formation of a polymer-metal complex between DACH-platin and the polyethylene glycol-poly (glutamic acid) block copolymer, PEG-P(Glu). DACH-platin, an active metabolite of the platinum-based antineoplastic agent oxaliplatin, is highly hydrophobic and toxic when administered systemically. The use of polymeric micelles incorporating DACH-platin may both increase cell permeability and enhance the retention of the agent. This allows an extended half-life in the blood circulation and a selective and high accumulation of DACH-platin at tumor sites. This results in increased anticancer efficacy while reducing side effects due to DACH-platin toxicity. Upon intravenous administration and internalization by tumor cells, DACH-platin binds to and causes both inter- and intra-strand cross-links in DNA, forming platinum adducts and triggering tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DACH-Platin Micelle NC-4016","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACH-Pt/m NC-4016","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dach-Platin Micelle NC-4016","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diaminocyclohexane Platinum Micelle NC-4016","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC-4016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL455246"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755556"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755556"}]}}{"C1569":{"preferredName":"Daclizumab","code":"C1569","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of adult T-cell leukemia and in the treatment of cytopenia (low blood cell count).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant monoclonal antibody interleukin-2 receptor antagonist. Daclizumab binds specifically to the alpha subunit of the human interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor expressed on the surface of activated lymphocytes in vivo, thereby inhibiting IL-2 binding and IL-2-mediated lymphocyte activation, a critical cellular immune response pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Tac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Tac Humanized Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Tac Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dacliximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Dacliximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daclizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Daclizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Anti-Tac Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Anti-Tac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zenapax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"daclizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"725173"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0663182"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"152923-56-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Kidney transplant rejection, prevention"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CUJ2MVI71Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42006"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42006"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Daclizumab"}]}}{"C53398":{"preferredName":"Dacomitinib","code":"C53398","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A highly selective, orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of the HER family of tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Dacomitinib specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits human Her-1, Her-2, and Her-4, resulting in the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of tumor cells that overexpress these receptors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-N-(4-((3-Chloro-4-Fluorophenyl)Amino)-7-Methoxyquinazolin-6-yl)-4-Piperidin-1-ylbut-2-Enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACOMITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dacomitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dacomitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Inhibitor PF-00299804","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-00299804","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-00299804","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PF-00299804-03","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-299804","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vizimpro","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709400"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1042385-75-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R substitution mutations"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5092U85G58"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462567"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462567"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H25ClFN5O2.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PF-00299804"}]}}{"C28955":{"preferredName":"Dacplatinum","code":"C28955","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation platinum analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Dacplatinum alkylates DNA at the N-7 position of guanine, thereby producing DNA interstrand crosslinks and DNA strand breaks, and inhibiting DNA replication. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4-carboxyphthalato)(1,2-diaminocyclohexane)-platinum(II)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACCP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dacplatinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054768"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dacplatinum"}]}}{"C412":{"preferredName":"Dactinomycin","code":"C412","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is a type of antitumor antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces parvulus. Dactinomycin intercalates between adjacent guanine-cytosine base pairs, blocking the transcription of DNA by RNA polymerase; it also causes single-strand DNA breaks, possibly via a free-radical intermediate or an interaction with topoisomerase II. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-bis[Cyclo(N-methyl-L-valyl-sarcosyl-L-prolyl-D-valyl-L-threonyl)]-1,9 dimethyl-4,6 3H-phenoxazinone-3","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACTINOMYCIN D","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Actinomycin A IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin C1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin D","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin I1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Actinomycin IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin X 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Actinomycin X 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinomycin-[thr-val-pro-sar-meval]","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cosmegen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cosmegen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DACT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACTINOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dactinomycin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dactinomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Dactinomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dactinomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Dactinomycine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lyovac Cosmegen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lyovac cosmegen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Meractinomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Meractinomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dactinomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"3053"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010934"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-76-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Wilms' tumor; rhabdomyosarcoma; Ewing's sarcoma; testicular cancer; gestational trophoblastic neoplasia; choriocarcinoma; melanoma; neuroblastoma; retinoblastoma; uterine sarcomas; Kaposi's sarcoma; sarcoma botryoides; soft tissue sarcoma."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1CC1JFE158"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39675"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39675"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C62H86N12O16"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dactinomycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27666"}]}}{"C74072":{"preferredName":"Dactolisib","code":"C74072","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable imidazoquinoline targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Dactolisib inhibits PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR kinase signaling pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K/mTOR-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BEZ235","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzeneacetonitrile, 4-(2,3-Dihydro-3-methyl-2-oxo-8-(3-quinolinyl)-1H-imidazo(4,5-c)quinolin-1-yl)-alpha,alpha-dimethyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACTOLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dactolisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dactolisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVPBEZ235","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2604817"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915019-65-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RUJ6Z9Y0DT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589292"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589292"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PI3K_Inhibitor_BEZ235"}]}}{"C162346":{"preferredName":"Dactolisib Tosylate","code":"C162346","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate salt form of dactolisib, an orally bioavailable imidazoquinoline targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, dactolisib inhibits PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR kinase signaling pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K/mTOR-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methyl-2-(4-(3-methyl-2-oxo-8-(quinolin-3-yl)-2,3-dihydroimidazo(4,5-c)quinolin-1-yl)phenyl)propanenitrile 4-Methylbenzenesulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzeneacetonitrile, 4-(2,3-Dihydro-3-methyl-2-oxo-8-(3-quinolinyl)-1H-imidazo(4,5-c)quinolin-1-yl)-alpha,alpha-dimethyl-, 4-Methylbenzenesulfonate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACTOLISIB TOSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dactolisib Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVP-BEZ235-ANA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVP-BEZ235-NX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970853"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1028385-32-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U54GT9151S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C88296":{"preferredName":"Dalantercept","code":"C88296","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble fusion protein containing the extracellular domain of activin receptor-like kinase-1 (ALK1) fused to a human Fc domain (ALK1-Fc fusion protein), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dalantercept binds to various ALK1 ligands, preventing activation of tumor cell ALK1 receptors and so inhibiting the ALK1 signaling pathway; growth factor-induced angiogenesis is thus inhibited, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. ALK1 is a type I cell surface receptor with serine/threonine kinase activity that mediates signaling by members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta) superfamily and plays a key role in angiogenesis; ligands for this receptor include TGFbeta1 and TGFbeta2. The Fc moiety of this fusion protein mediates clearance of ligand-fusion protein complexes by the reticuloendothelial system (RES).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACE-041","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALK1-Fc Fusion Protein ACE-041","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Activin Receptor-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor ACE-041","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DALANTERCEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dalantercept","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dalantercept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3537264"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1186210-24-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EGC16R10V0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658276"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658276"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C3206H4960N904O976S38"}]}}{"C74011":{"preferredName":"Dalotuzumab","code":"C74011","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of many types of cancer. MK-0646 binds to a protein called insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR) on the surface of cells. This may prevent the cells from growing when IGF is present. It may also kill cancer cells. MK-0646 is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Dalotuzumab binds to membrane-bound IGF1R, preventing binding of the ligand IGF1 and the subsequent triggering of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; inhibition of this survival signaling pathway may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The activation of IGF1R, a tyrosine kinase and a member of the insulin receptor family, stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis; IGF1R signaling has been highly implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody MK-0646","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DALOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dalotuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dalotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-0646","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-0646","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"anti-IGF1R recombinant monoclonal antibody MK-0646","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987605"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1005389-60-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6YI1L648RH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489297"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489297"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-IGF1R_Recombinant_Monoclonal_Antibody_MK-0646"}]}}{"C66984":{"preferredName":"Daniquidone","code":"C66984","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may kill cancer cells by causing damage to the DNA. Batracylin is a type of heterocyclic aryl amine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A water-insoluble heterocyclic amide with potential antineoplastic activity. Daniquidone inhibits topoisomerases I and II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair, and RNA and protein synthesis. The acetylated form of daniquidone is highly toxic and is capable of inducing unscheduled DNA synthesis; rapid acetylators are more likely to experience toxicity with this agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"8-Aminoisoindolo(1,2-b)quinazolin-12(10H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Batracylin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bay H 2049","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DANIQUIDONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Daniquidone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Daniquidone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"batracylin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"320846"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053006"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"67199-66-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E780TX33D2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539029"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539029"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H11N3O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Daniquidone"}]}}{"C61587":{"preferredName":"Danusertib","code":"C61587","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia. PHA-739358 may stop tumor growth by blocking certain enzymes needed for cancer cells to divide and causing them to die. It is a type of kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small-molecule 3-aminopyrazole derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Danusertib binds to and inhibits the Aurora kinases, which may result in cell growth arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells in which Aurora kinases are overexpressed. This agent may preferentially bind to and inhibit Aurora B kinase. Aurora kinases, a family of serine-threonine kinases, are important regulators of cellular proliferation and division.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzamide, 4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-N-(1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-5-((2R)- methoxyphenylacetyl)pyrrolo(3,4-c)pyrazol-3-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DANUSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Danusertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Danusertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHA-739358","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHA-739358","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700603"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"827318-97-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M3X659D0FY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489092"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489092"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H30N6O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PHA-739358"}]}}{"C101368":{"preferredName":"Danvatirsen","code":"C101368","definitions":[{"description":"An antisense oligonucleotide targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) with potential antitumor activity. Danvatirsen binds to STAT3 mRNA, thereby inhibiting translation of the transcript. Suppression of STAT3 expression induces tumor cell apoptosis and decreases tumor cell growth. STAT3, a protein overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, plays a critical role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD9150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DANVATIRSEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Danvatirsen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Danvatirsen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS 481464","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS-STAT3rx","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435548"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"31N550RD05"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729992"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729992"}]}}{"C67043":{"preferredName":"Daporinad","code":"C67043","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Daporinad binds to and inhibits nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NMPRTase), inhibiting the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) from niacinamide (vitamin B3), which may deplete energy reserves in metabolically active tumor cells and induce tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent may inhibit tumor cell production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), resulting in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. The coenzyme NAD+ plays an essential role in cellular redox reactions, including the redox reaction linking the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-N-(4-(1-Benzoylpiperidin-4-yl)butyl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APO866","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAPORINAD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Daporinad","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FK-866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"K 22.175","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMPRTase Inhibitor APO866","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879518"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"658084-64-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V71TF6V9M7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537396"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537396"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H29N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"APO866"}]}}{"C74007":{"preferredName":"Daratumumab","code":"C74007","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. The binding of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody to natural killer (NK) cells mimics the normal CD38-CD31 interaction on the NK cell surface. CD38 is also present on multiple myeloma (MM) cells and plasma leukemia cells; this agent may preferentially bind these cells, triggering antitumoral antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). CD38, a cell surface glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and has been shown to regulate the cytotoxic response of activated NK cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DARATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Daratumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Daratumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Darzalex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMax-CD38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-54767414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346802"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"945721-28-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multiple myeloma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4Z63YK6E0E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583564"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583564"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD38_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C156401":{"preferredName":"Daratumumab and Hyaluronidase-fihj","code":"C156401","definitions":[{"description":"A co-formulation composed of daratumumab, a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein cluster of differentiation 38 (CD-38; CD38), and a recombinant form of human hyaluronidase (rHuPH20), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration of daratumumab and hyaluronidase-fihj, daratumumab targets and binds to CD38 on certain CD38-expressing tumors, such as multiple myeloma (MM) and plasma cell leukemia. This binding induces direct apoptosis through Fc-mediated cross-linking and triggers immune-mediated tumor cell lysis through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) immune responses. CD38, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is expressed in both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic lineage cells. Hyaluronidase-fihj hydrolyzes and degrades the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid (HA), thereby decreasing interstitial viscosity and enhancing penetration of daratumumab through the interstitial space. This facilitates the delivery of daratumumab to CD38-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DARA Co-formulated with rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DARA/rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daratumumab + rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daratumumab and Hyaluronidase-fihj","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Daratumumab and Hyaluronidase-fihj","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daratumumab and Hyaluronidase-fihj","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daratumumab with rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daratumumab-rHuPH20","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daratumumab/Hyaluronidase-fihj","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daratumumab/rHuPH20 Co-formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Darzalex Faspro","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Darzalex/rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMax-CD38-rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase Mixed with Daratumumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563089"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795698"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795698"}]}}{"C61490":{"preferredName":"Darinaparsin","code":"C61490","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule organic arsenical with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action is unclear, darinaparsin, a highly toxic metabolic intermediate of inorganic arsenicals (iAs) that occurs in vivo, appears to generate volatile cytotoxic arsenic compounds when glutathione (GSH) concentrations are low. The arsenic compounds generated from darinaparsin disrupt mitochondrial bioenergetics, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inducing ROS-mediated tumor cell apoptosis; in addition, this agent or its byproducts may initiate cell death by interrupting the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and may exhibit antiangiogenic effects. Compared to inorganic arsenic compounds such as arsenic trioxide (As2O3), darinaparsin appears to exhibit a wide therapeutic window.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DARINAPARSIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DMAIII(SG)","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Darinaparsin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Darinaparsin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Dimethylarsino-Glutathione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZIO-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1872686"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"69819-86-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9XX54M675G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486305"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486305"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H22AsN3O6S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"S-Dimethylarsino-Glutathione"}]}}{"C90546":{"preferredName":"Darleukin","code":"C90546","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of the recombinant form of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) fused to a human single-chain Fv (scFv) antibody fragment directed against the extra-domain B (ED-B) of fibronectin (L19), with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. The L19 moiety of L19-IL2 monoclonal antibody-cytokine fusion protein binds to the ED-B domain of fibronectin on tumor cells in the tumor neovasculature. In turn, the IL-2 moiety may locally activate natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages, and may induce T cell cytotoxic immune responses against ED-B fibronectin-expressing tumor cells. This may specifically decrease the proliferation of ED-B-expressing tumor cells. ED-B is predominantly expressed during angiogenesis and tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DARLEUKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Darleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L19-IL2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L19-IL2 Monoclonal Antibody-Cytokine Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416230"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2OQ3OPV2F8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665656"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665656"}]}}{"C104748":{"preferredName":"Darolutamide","code":"C104748","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation containing an androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Darolutamide binds to ARs in target tissues; subsequently, inhibiting androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitating the formation of inactive complexes that cannot translocate to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes that regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation. This ultimately leads to an inhibition of growth in AR-expressing prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antiandrogen ODM-201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1841788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1841788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1841788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAROLUTAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Darolutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nubeqa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM 201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641866"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X05U0N2RCO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746231"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746231"}]}}{"C154627":{"preferredName":"Daromun","code":"C154627","definitions":[{"description":"A combination of darleukin (L19-IL2), an immunocytokine consisting of the recombinant form of interleukin-2 (IL-2), fused to a human single-chain variable fragment (scFv) directed against the extra-domain B (ED-B) of fibronectin (L19), and fibromun (L19-TNFalpha), an immunocytokine consisting of human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) fused to a human scFv antibody fragment directed against the ED-B of L19, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration, the L-19 moieties of each immunocytokine bind to the ED-B domain of fibronectin on tumor cells in the tumor neovasculature. In turn, the IL-2 and TNF-alpha moieties of darleukin and fibromun, respectively, may locally induce an immune response against ED-B fibronectin-expressing tumor cells. ED-B is predominantly expressed during angiogenesis and tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Darleukin and Fibromun","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Darleukin/Fibromun","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daromun","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Daromun","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L19-IL2 and L19-TNF-alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L19-IL2/L19-TNF-alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L19IL2/L19TNF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555512"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794649"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794649"}]}}{"C38713":{"preferredName":"Dasatinib","code":"C38713","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of chronic myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. BMS-354825 is also being studied in the treatment of certain other blood diseases and types of cancer. BMS-354825 binds to and blocks BCR-ABL and other proteins that help cancer cells grow. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable synthetic small molecule-inhibitor of SRC-family protein-tyrosine kinases. Dasatinib binds to and inhibits the growth-promoting activities of these kinases. Apparently because of its less stringent binding affinity for the BCR-ABL kinase, dasatinib has been shown to overcome the resistance to imatinib of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells harboring BCR-ABL kinase domain point mutations. SRC-family protein-tyrosine kinases interact with a variety of cell-surface receptors and participate in intracellular signal transduction pathways; tumorigenic forms can occur through altered regulation or expression of the endogenous protein and by way of virally-encoded kinase genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Thiazolecarboxamide, N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)-2-((6-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)-, Monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-354825","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-354825","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DASATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dasatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dasatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Dasatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dasatinib Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dasatinib Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sprycel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sprycel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"dasatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"732517"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1455147"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"863127-77-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic myeloid leukemia; Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RBZ1571X5H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"315885"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"315885"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H26ClN7O2S.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BMS-354825"}]}}{"C62091":{"preferredName":"Daunorubicin","code":"C62091","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to treat acute leukemias and some other types of cancer. It blocks a certain enzyme needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of anthracycline antibiotic and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic with therapeutic effects similar to those of doxorubicin. Daunorubicin exhibits cytotoxic activity through topoisomerase-mediated interaction with DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S-cis)-8-Acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-1-methoxy-5,12-naphthacenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 8-acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-1-methoxy-, (8S-cis)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAUNOMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DAUNORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DNR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunorrubicina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"L-lyxo-Hexopyranoside, 3beta-acetyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-3,5,12-trihydroxy-10-metldioxo-1a-naphthacenyl 3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-,alpha-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukaemomycin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUBOMYCIN C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Rubidomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rubomycin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"daunomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"daunorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011015"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"20830-81-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZS7284E0ZP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO10"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Daunorubicin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:41977"}]}}{"C47471":{"preferredName":"Daunorubicin Citrate","code":"C47471","definitions":[{"description":"A semi-synthetic anthracycline glycoside antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces with antineoplastic activity. Daunorubicin citrate intercalates DNA, which leads to inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis, and consequently blocks cell division and results in apoptosis. This anti-tumor antibiotic is most active in the S phase of cell division. Daunorubicin is indicated in the treatment of a wide variety of cancers including acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, Ewing's sarcoma, Wilms' tumor, and chronic myelocytic leukemia. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 8-acetyl-10-((3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-1-methoxy-, (8S,10S)-, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAUNORUBICIN CITRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1289972"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"371770-68-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5L84T2Z6NP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO10.C6H8O7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Daunorubicin_Citrate"}]}}{"C1583":{"preferredName":"Daunorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C1583","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat acute leukemias and some other types of cancer. It blocks a certain enzyme needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. Cerubidine is a type of anthracycline antibiotic and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic with therapeutic effects similar to those of doxorubicin. Daunorubicin exhibits cytotoxic activity through topoisomerase-mediated interaction with DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 8-acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-1-methoxy-, (8S-cis)-, hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 8-acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-1-methoxy-, hydrochloride, (8S-cis)-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CERUBIDINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cerubidin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerubidine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerubidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cloridrato de Daunorubicina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAUNORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Daunoblastin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunoblastina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunoblastine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunomycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunomycin hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Daunomycin, hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin.HCl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Daunorubicini Hydrochloridum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FI-6339","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-lyxo-Hexopyranoside, 3beta-acetyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-3,5,12-trihydroxy-10-metldioxo-1a-naphthacenyl 3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-,alpha-,hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ondena","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP-13057","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rubidomycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rubilem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"daunomycin hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"daunorubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"83142"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"82151"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0282123"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"23541-50-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Acute Myeloid Leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UD984I04LZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39779"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39779"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO10.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Daunomycin"}]}}{"C84859":{"preferredName":"DEC-205/NY-ESO-1 Fusion Protein CDX-1401","code":"C84859","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein consisting of a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the endocytic dendritic cell (DC) receptor, DEC-205, linked to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) NY-ESO-1 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The monoclonal antibody moiety of DEC-205/NY-ESO-1 fusion protein CDX-1401 binds to the endocytic DC receptor, which may result in DC endocytic internalization of this agent, specifically delivering the NY-ESO-1 moiety. DC processing of NY-ESO-1 may boost the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response (CTL) against cancer cells expressing NY-ESO-1. NY-ESO-1, a cell surface protein expressed in normal fetal and adult testes, is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDX-1401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEC-205/NY-ESO-1 Fusion Protein CDX-1401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Wed Dec 30 12:17:46 EST 2020 - See 'Rasdegafusp Alfa(C170362)'"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C1512"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412417"}]}}{"C981":{"preferredName":"Decitabine","code":"C981","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat myelodysplastic syndromes and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cytidine antimetabolite analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Decitabine incorporates into DNA and inhibits DNA methyltransferase, resulting in hypomethylation of DNA and intra-S-phase arrest of DNA replication. 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Defactinib inhibits FAK, which may prevent the integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signal transduction pathways, including those involving RAS/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt, thus inhibiting tumor cell migration, proliferation, survival, and tumor angiogenesis. The tyrosine kinase FAK, a signal transducer for integrins, is normally activated by binding to integrins in the extracellular matrix (ECM) but may be upregulated and constitutively activated in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzamide, N-methyl-4-((4-(((3-(methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino)-2-pyrazinyl)methyl)amino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEFACTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Defactinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Defactinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703169"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1073154-85-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"53O87HA2QU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746096"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746096"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"FAK_Inhibitor_PF-04554878"}]}}{"C128039":{"preferredName":"Defactinib Hydrochloride","code":"C128039","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of defactinib, an orally bioavailable, small-molecule focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Defactinib inhibits FAK, which may prevent the integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signal transduction pathways, including those involving RAS/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt, thus inhibiting tumor cell migration, proliferation, survival, and tumor angiogenesis. The tyrosine kinase FAK, a signal transducer for integrins, is normally activated by binding to integrins in the extracellular matrix (ECM) but may be upregulated and constitutively activated in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzamide, N-methyl-4-((4-(((3-(methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino)-2-pyrazinyl)methyl)amino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-, Hydrochloride (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEFACTINIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Defactinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Defactinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04554878","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VS-6063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512846"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1073160-26-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L2S469LM49"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C416":{"preferredName":"Deferoxamine","code":"C416","definitions":[{"description":"An iron-chelating agent that removes iron from tumors by inhibiting DNA synthesis and causing cancer cell death. It is used in conjunction with other anticancer agents in pediatric neuroblastoma therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An iron-chelating agent that binds free iron in a stable complex, preventing it from engaging in chemical reactions. Deferoxamine chelates iron from intra-lysosomal ferritin and siderin forming ferrioxamine, a water-soluble chelate excreted by the kidneys and in the feces via the bile. This agent does not readily bind iron from transferrin, hemoglobin, myoglobin or cytochrome. 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Deferoxamine chelates iron from intra-lysosomal ferritin and ferrioxamine, a water-soluble complex excreted by the kidneys and in the feces via the bile. This agent does not readily chelate iron bound to transferrin, hemoglobin, myoglobin or cytochrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DEFEROXAMINE MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DFM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deferoxamine B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deferoxamine Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Deferoxamine Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deferoxamine Methanesulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deferoxamine mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Deferrioxamine B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desferal","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desferal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Desferrioxamine Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"644468"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011148"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"138-14-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V9TKO7EO6K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41696"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41696"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H48N6O8.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Deferoxamine_Mesylate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31460"}]}}{"C48385":{"preferredName":"Degarelix","code":"C48385","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat advanced prostate cancer and is also being studied in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Degarelix binds to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors in the pituitary gland. This causes the body to stop making testosterone, which prostate cancer needs to grow. Degarelix is a type of GnRH antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A long-acting, synthetic peptide with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonistic properties. Degarelix targets and blocks GnRH receptors located on the surfaces of gonadotroph cells in the anterior pituitary, thereby reducing secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) by pituitary gonadotroph cells and so decreasing testosterone production by interstitial (Leydig) cells in the testes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DEGARELIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Degarelix","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Degarelix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FE200486","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Firmagon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Firmagon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-acetyl-3-(naphtalen-2-yl)-D-alanyl-4-chloro-D-phenylalanyl-3-(pyridin-3-yl)-D-alanyl-L-seryl-4-((((4S)-2,6-dioxohexahydropyrimidin-4-yl)carbonyl)amino)-L-phenylalanyl-4-(carbamoylamino)-D-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl-N6-(1-methylethyl)-L-lysyl-L-prolyl-D-alaninamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"degarelix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0971731"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"214766-78-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"advanced prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SX0XJI3A11"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"441235"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"441235"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C82H103ClN18O16"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Degarelix"}]}}{"C80443":{"preferredName":"Degarelix Acetate","code":"C80443","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate form of a long-acting, synthetic peptide with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonistic properties. Degarelix targets and blocks GnRH receptors located on the surfaces of gonadotroph cells in the anterior pituitary, thereby reducing secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) by pituitary gonadotroph cells and so decreasing testosterone production by interstitial (Leydig) cells in the testes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D-Alaninamide, N-acetyl-3-(2-naphthalenyl)-D-alanyl-4-chloro-D-phenylalanyl-3-(3- pyridinyl)-D-alanyl-L- seryl-4-[[[(4S)-hexahydro-2,6-dioxo-4-pyrimidinyl]carbonyl]amino]- L-phenylalanyl-4-[(aminocarbonyl)amino]-D-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl-N6-(1-methylethyl)-L- lysyl-L-prolyl, Acetate, Hydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEGARELIX ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Degarelix Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Degarelix Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FE200486 Acetate Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2718533"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"934246-14-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"advanced prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I18S89P20R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C82H103ClN18O16.C2H4O2.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Degarelix_Acetate"}]}}{"C74075":{"preferredName":"Delanzomib","code":"C74075","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable synthetic P2 threonine boronic acid inhibitor of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome, with potential antineoplastic activity. Delanzomib represses the proteasomal degradation of a variety of proteins, including inhibitory kappaBalpha (IkappaBalpha), resulting in the cytoplasmic sequestration of the transcription factor NF-kappaB; inhibition of NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and transcriptional up-regulation of a variety of cell growth-promoting factors; and apoptotic cell death in susceptible tumor cell populations. In vitro studies indicate that this agent exhibits a favorable cytotoxicity profile toward normal human epithelial cells, bone marrow progenitors, and bone marrow-derived stromal cells relative to the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib. The intracellular protein IkappaBalpha functions as a primary inhibitor of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-kappaB.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"((1R)-1-((2S,3R)-3-hydroxy-2-(6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxamido)butanamido)-3-methylbutyl)boronic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP 18770","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-18770","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-47098","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DELANZOMIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Delanzomib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Delanzomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPH-007098","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPH007098","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proteasome Inhibitor CEP 18770","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467895"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"847499-27-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6IF28942WO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583540"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583540"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H28BN3O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Proteasome_Inhibitor_CEP_18770"}]}}{"C80041":{"preferredName":"Demcizumab","code":"C80041","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the N-terminal epitope of Notch ligand DLL4 (delta-like 4) with potential antineoplastic activity. Demcizumab binds to the membrane-binding portion of DLL4 and prevents its interaction with Notch-1 and Notch-4 receptors, thereby inhibiting Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, which may impede tumor angiogenesis. Activation of Notch receptors by DLL4 stimulates proteolytic cleavage of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD); after cleavage, NICD is translocated into the nucleus and mediates the transcriptional regulation of a variety of genes involved in vascular development. The expression of DLL4 is highly restricted to the vascular endothelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DLL4 Monoclonal Antibody OMP-21M18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Delta-like 4 Monoclonal Antibody OMP-21M18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEMCIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Demcizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Demcizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP-21M18","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698134"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SF168W7FW0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614677"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614677"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"1243262-17-0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-DLL4_Monoclonal_Antibody_OMP-21M18"}]}}{"C419":{"preferredName":"Demecolcine","code":"C419","definitions":[{"description":"A colchicine analog with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Demecolcine acid binds to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin, inhibiting its polymerization into microtubules, causing cell cycle arrest at metaphase and preventing cell division.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Colchamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEMECOLCINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DEMECOLCINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Demecolcine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylcolchicine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Methyl-N-desacetylcolchicine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Santavy's Substance F","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X 153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"403147"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"3096"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011259"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"477-30-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z01IVE25KI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H25NO5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Demecolcine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4393"}]}}{"C85476":{"preferredName":"Demplatin Pegraglumer","code":"C85476","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based prodrug formulation consisting of polymeric micelles incorporating the inorganic platinum agent cisplatin with potential antineoplastic activity. In demplatin pegraglumer, cisplatin forms a polymer-metal complex with hydrophilic polyethylene glycol poly(glutamic acid) block copolymers by attaching to the micelle inner core consisting of the hydrophobic polyamino acids. Upon cell entry and release from the polymer-metal complex, cisplatin forms highly reactive, charged platinum complexes that bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA, inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-linking, DNA-protein cross-linking and, subsequently, tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition. Due to the hydrophilic nature of polyethylene glycol, this formulation increases the water-solubility of cisplatin and decreases the nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity associated with the administration of cisplatin alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DEMPLATIN PEGRAGLUMER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Demplatin Pegraglumer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC-6004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoplatin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830141"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1009838-50-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9DMG482P0R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647541"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647541"}]}}{"C28310":{"preferredName":"Dendritic Cell Vaccine","code":"C28310","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine made of antigens and dendritic antigen-presenting cells (APCs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dendritic Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dendritic Cell-based Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dendritic cell vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511767"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dendritic_Cell_Vaccine"}]}}{"C26446":{"preferredName":"Dendritic Cell-Autologous Lung Tumor Vaccine","code":"C26446","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of lymphocytes harvested from a patient with lung cancer and induced to become antigen-presenting cells (APCs) known as dendritic cells. The dendritic cells are transduced with the gene encoding an antigen specific to the patient's cancer and then returned to the patient. In the host, the altered cells stimulate the immune system to mount a primary T cell response against lung tumor cells expressing the target antigen. Dendritic cell-autologous lung tumor vaccines have been investigated for use in cancer immunotherapy. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DCVax-L","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCVax-Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dendritic Cell-Autologous Lung Tumor Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327750"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"256453"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"256453"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dendritic_Cell-Autologous_Lung_Tumor_Vaccine"}]}}{"C115976":{"preferredName":"Dendritic Cell-targeting Lentiviral Vector ID-LV305","code":"C115976","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered lentiviral vector targeting dendritic cells (DCs) and containing nucleic acids encoding for the human tumor-associated cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, the DC-targeting lentiviral vector ID-LV305 targets and binds to dermal DCs via the DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) receptor. Upon internalization of the vector, the NY-ESO-1 protein is expressed, stimulates DC maturation and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against NY-ESO-1-expressing cells, which may result in tumor cell lysis. NY-ESO-1 is expressed in normal testes and on the surfaces of various tumor cells, and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DCvex-NY-ESO-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dendritic Cell-targeting Lentiviral Vector ID-LV305","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ID-LV305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473308"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760531"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760531"}]}}{"C62492":{"preferredName":"Denenicokin","code":"C62492","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant peptide similar to or identical to endogenous human cytokine interleukin-21 (IL-21) with potential antineoplastic activity. Denenicokin binds to and activates IL-21 receptors, expressed on T-cells, B-cells, dendritic cells (DC), and natural killer (NK) cells, modulating the proliferation and/or differentiation of T and B cells, promoting T cell survival, and increasing the cytolytic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and NK cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DENENICOKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Denenicokin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Denenicokin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-21","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-methionyl(Human Interleukin-21)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Interleukin-21","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rIL-21","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhIL-21","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831593"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"716840-32-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A4LY1V9F0H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"409696"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"409696"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_Human_Interleukin-21"}]}}{"C77065":{"preferredName":"Denibulin","code":"C77065","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecular vascular disrupting agent (VDA), with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Denibulin selectively targets and reversibly binds to the colchicine-binding site on tubulin and inhibits microtubule assembly. This results in the disruption of the cytoskeleton of tumor endothelial cells, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest, blockage of cell division and apoptosis. This causes inadequate blood flow to the tumor and eventually leads to a decrease in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DENIBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Denibulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699587"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"284019-34-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K7037M241U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H19N5O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Denibulin"}]}}{"C72736":{"preferredName":"Denibulin Hydrochloride","code":"C72736","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of denibulin, a small molecular vascular disrupting agent, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Denibulin selectively targets and reversibly binds to the colchicine-binding site on tubulin and inhibits microtubule assembly. This results in the disruption of the cytoskeleton of tumor endothelial cells, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest, blockage of cell division and apoptosis. This causes inadequate blood flow to the tumor and eventually leads to a decrease in tumor cell proliferation., a small molecule vascular disrupting agent (VDA), with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activity. Denibulin selectively targets and reversibly binds to the colchicine-binding site on tubulin and inhibits microtubule assembly. This results in the disruption of the cytoskeleton of tumor endothelial cells (EC), ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest, blockage of cell division and apoptosis. This causes inadequate blood flow to the tumor and eventually leads to a decrease in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DENIBULIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Denibulin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Denibulin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MN-029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1679364"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"779356-64-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0U575HR16Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746028"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746028"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H19N5O3S.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Denibulin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1476":{"preferredName":"Denileukin Diftitox","code":"C1476","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that can bind the cytokine IL-2 and that has not responded to other treatment. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Ontak is made by combining a part of IL-2 with a bacterial toxin. The IL-2 part of the drug attaches to the cancer cells and then the toxin kills the cells. Ontak is a type of immunotoxin and a type of fusion toxin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cytotoxic recombinant protein consisting of interleukin-2 (IL-2) protein sequences fused to diphtheria toxin. The IL-2 protein sequence moiety of denileukin difitox directs the cytocidal action of diphtheria toxin to cells that express IL-2 receptors. After the toxin moiety is internalized into target IL-2 receptor-expressing cells, its catalytic domain catalyzes the transfer of the ADP-ribose moiety of NAD to a posttranslationally modified histidine residue of elongation factor 2 (EF-2), called diphthamine. This covalent modification inactivates EF-2 and disrupts polypeptide chain elongation, resulting in cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DAB(389)-Interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAB(389)IL-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAB389 Interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAB389 Interleukin-2 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAB389IL-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAB389IL2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DENILEUKIN DIFTITOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Denileukin Diftitox","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Denileukin Diftitox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-2 Fusion Toxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY335348","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ontak","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ontak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"denileukin diftitox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"714744"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0717670"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"173146-27-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"25E79B5CTM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42325"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42325"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Denileukin_Diftitox"}]}}{"C105150":{"preferredName":"Denintuzumab Mafodotin","code":"C105150","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of an anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody conjugated to the auristatin derivative monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of denintuzumab mafodotin, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD19, found on a number of B-cell-derived cancers. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases MMAF, which binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization. Inhibition of tubulin polymerization may result in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. This causes inhibition of cell growth of CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19, a B-cell antigen, is overexpressed by a variety of different cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SGN-19A","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DENINTUZUMAB MAFODOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Denintuzumab Mafodotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Denintuzumab Mafodotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1-kappa Auristatin F Conjugate, Anti-(homosapiens CD19 (B Lymphocyte Surface Antigen B4, leu-12)), Humanized Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-19A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD19A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446112"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1399672-02-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H5324S1M7H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746594"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746594"}]}}{"C61313":{"preferredName":"Denosumab","code":"C61313","definitions":[{"description":"A type of monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of multiple myeloma (a cancer that forms in bones) and in the prevention and treatment of bone metastases (cancer that has spread to bone from another organ). Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. AMG 162 binds to the protein RANKL and helps keep bone from breaking down.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANKL) with antiosteoclast activity. Denosumab specifically binds to RANKL and blocks the interaction of RANKL with RANK, a receptor located on osteoclast cell surfaces, resulting in inhibition of osteoclast activity, a decrease in bone resorption, and a potential increase in bone mineral density. RANKL, a protein expressed by osteoblastic cells, plays an important role in osteoclastic differentiation and activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG 162","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AMG-162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DENOSUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Denosumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Denosumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Denosumab Biosimilar TK-006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TK-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xgeva","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"denosumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1690432"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"615258-40-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Osteolytic Bone Metastases of Solid Tumors"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4EQZ6YO2HI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481348"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481348"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Densosumab"}]}}{"C82697":{"preferredName":"Radgocitabine","code":"C82697","definitions":[{"description":"An analogue of the nucleoside deoxycytidine with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, radgocitabine is incorporated into DNA and directly inhibits the activity of DNA polymerase, which may result in inhibition of DNA replication and cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases, DNA fragmentation, and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Amino-L-(2-cyano-2-deoxy-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)- 2(1H)-pyrimidinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNDAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxycytidine Analogue TAS-109","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RADGOCITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Radgocitabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Radgocitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-109","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388479"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"135598-68-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"00M634HD2V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633936"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633936"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Deoxycytidine_Analogue_TAS-109"}]}}{"C150430":{"preferredName":"Radgocitabine Hydrochloride","code":"C150430","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of radgocitabine, an analogue of the nucleoside deoxycytidine with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, radgocitabine is incorporated into DNA and directly inhibits the activity of DNA polymerase, which may result in inhibition of DNA replication and cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases, DNA fragmentation, and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2'-Cyano-2'-deoxy-1-(beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)cytosine Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNDAC Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxycytidine Analogue TAS-109 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RADGOCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Radgocitabine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552242"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"134665-72-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VSS4ZDZ2IE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C95206":{"preferredName":"Depatuxizumab","code":"C95206","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with antineoplastic activity. Depatuxizumab targets the EGFR deletion variant, de2-7 EGFR as well as wild-type EGFR expressed in cells overexpressing the receptor, thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor; the decrease in receptor activation and dimerization result in an inhibition in signal transduction and anti-proliferative effects. This MoAb targets cells expressing aberrant EGFR, hence making it an ideal candidate for generation of radioisotope or toxin conjugates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEPATUXIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Depatuxizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Depatuxizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) (Human-mus musculus Monoclonal ABT-806 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-mus musculus Monoclonal ABT-806 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-EGFR MoAb ABT-806","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-EGFR mAb ABT-806","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mAb-806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4048804"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1471999-69-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W984C353CG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691187"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691187"}]}}{"C105612":{"preferredName":"Depatuxizumab Mafodotin","code":"C105612","definitions":[{"description":"An epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, depatuxizumab mafodotin inhibits the activity of EGFR, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in certain tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEPATUXIZUMAB MAFODOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Depatuxizumab Mafodotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Depatuxizumab Mafodotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446449"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1585973-65-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F3R7A4P04N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747249"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747249"}]}}{"C104267":{"preferredName":"Derazantinib","code":"C104267","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Derazantinib binds to and potently inhibits the activity of FGFR subtypes 1, 2 and 3. This may result in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways, tumor cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is upregulated in many tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cellular proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARQ 087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ-087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DERAZANTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Derazantinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Derazantinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445613"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N9B0H171MJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744652"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744652"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63453"}]}}{"C38709":{"preferredName":"Deslorelin","code":"C38709","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer as a way to block sex hormones made by the ovaries or testicles. It is a type of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic nonapeptide analogue of the natural gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Deslorelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Continuous, prolonged administration of goserelin in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-D-Tryptophan-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-1-9-luteinizing Hormone-releasing Factor (Swine)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DESLORELIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Deslorelin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Deslorelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Deslorelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovuplant","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"deslorelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0083220"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57773-65-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Central precocious puberty"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TKG3I66TVE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357620"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357620"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C64H83N17O12"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Deslorelin"}]}}{"C82600":{"preferredName":"Deslorelin Acetate","code":"C82600","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic nonapeptide analogue of the natural gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Deslorelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Continuous, prolonged administration of goserelin in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production. 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Detorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also produces toxic free-radical intermediates and interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. Detorubicin is less toxic than daunorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"14-Diethoxyacetoxydaunorubicin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DETORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Detorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethoxy-,2-(4-((3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-2,5,12-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-6,11-dioxo-2-naphthacenyl)-2-oxoethyl ester,(2S-cis) Acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"292652"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0057578"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"66211-92-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"822EC3XEJZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39213"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39213"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H39NO14"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Detorubicin"}]}}{"C132685":{"preferredName":"Deuteporfin","code":"C132685","definitions":[{"description":"A photosensitizing agent composed of four sub-porphyrin derivatives, methoxyethy-hydroxyethyl-dipropionic, di-methoxyethyl-dipropionic, hydroxyethy-vinyl-dipropionic and methoxyethy-vinyl-dipropionic, with potential photosensitizing activity upon photodynamic therapy (PDT) and potential diagnostic imaging activity. Upon intravenous administration, deuteporfin preferentially targets and accumulates in cancer cells, especially those in the lymphatic system. Following photoactivation with an appropriate wavelength, deuteporfin generates highly cytotoxic singlet oxygen species, and induces oxidative stress that results in the damage and death of cancer cells. In addition, deuteporfin could be used as a tracer in near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence lymph node mapping.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Deuteporfin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL519824"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787101"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787101"}]}}{"C158096":{"preferredName":"Deuterated Enzalutamide","code":"C158096","definitions":[{"description":"A deuterated form of enzalutamide, an orally bioavailable, organic, non-steroidal small molecule targeting the androgen receptor (AR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, deuterated enzalutamide competitively binds to and inhibits the activity of ARs expressed on prostate cancer cells, which impairs nuclear translocation and DNA binding, resulting in apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. This results in a reduction in prostate cancer cell growth. AR overexpression in prostate cancer represents a key mechanism associated with prostate cancer hormone resistance. Deuterium incorporation, by replacing the hydrogen atoms of the N-CH3 moiety with deuterium atoms, decreases enzalutamide's metabolism and allows for an increased pharmacokinetic profile, thereby enhancing its anti-tumor efficacy compared to non-deuterated enzalutamide. As the deuterated form can't cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the deuterated form also reduces the unwanted brain-related side effects of enzalutamide and improves its safety profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D3-ENT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deuterated Enzalutamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Deuterated Enzalutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enzalutamide Deuterated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HC 1119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HC-1119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HC1119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-trideuteromethyl Enzalutamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937681"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797006"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797006"}]}}{"C80039":{"preferredName":"Devimistat","code":"C80039","definitions":[{"description":"A racemic mixture of the enantiomers of a synthetic alpha-lipoic lipoic acid analogue with potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, devimistat has been shown to inhibit metabolic and regulatory processes required for cell growth in solid tumors. Both enantiomers in the racemic mixture exhibit antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6,8-Bis(benzylthio)octanoic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alpha-Lipoic Acid Analogue CPI-613","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI 613","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI-613","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEVIMISTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Devimistat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703200"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"95809-78-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E76113IR49"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614265"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614265"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H28O2S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alpha-Lipoic_Acid_Analogue_CPI-613"}]}}{"C422":{"preferredName":"Dexamethasone","code":"C422","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic steroid (similar to steroid hormones produced naturally in the adrenal gland). Dexamethasone is used to treat leukemia and lymphoma and may be used to treat some of the problems caused by other cancers and their treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic adrenal corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory properties. In addition to binding to specific nuclear steroid receptors, dexamethasone also interferes with NF-kB activation and apoptotic pathways. This agent lacks the salt-retaining properties of other related adrenal hormones. 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In addition to binding to specific nuclear steroid receptors, dexamethasone also interferes with NF-kB activation and apoptotic pathways. This agent lacks the salt-retaining properties of other related adrenal hormones. 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Functioning as an N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, dexanabinol protects neuronal cells against NMDA and glutamate neurotoxicity. This agent also scavenges peroxy radicals and protects neurons from the damages of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, dexanabinol inhibits the activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), thereby preventing the expression of NF-kB target genes, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase. As a result, this agent may restore apoptotic processes in cancerous cells. NF-kB is activated in a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in the regulation of apoptosis and cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-Dimethylheptyl-11-hydroxytetrahydrocannabinol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxy-delta-6-tetrahydrocannabinoldimethylheptyl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEXANABINOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dexanabinol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dexanabinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HU-211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0526471"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"112924-45-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R6VT8U5372"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"720043"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"720043"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H38O3"}]}}{"C1333":{"preferredName":"Dexrazoxane","code":"C1333","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to treat severe side effects caused by certain anticancer drugs. Under the brand name Totect it is used to treat the toxic effects of an anticancer drug that leaks from a vein into surrounding tissue and causes tissue damage. Under the brand name Zinecard it is used to reduce heart damage in women given doxorubicin for breast cancer that has spread. Dexrazoxane is also being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of cardioprotective agent, a type of chemoprotective agent, and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bisdioxopiperazine with iron-chelating, chemoprotective, cardioprotective, and antineoplastic activities. After hydrolysis to an active form that is similar to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), dexrazoxane chelates iron, limiting the formation of free radical-generating anthracycline-iron complexes, which may minimize anthracycline-iron complex-mediated oxidative damage to cardiac and soft tissues. This agent also inhibits the catalytic activity of topoisomerase II, which may result in tumor cell growth inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-(S)-4,4'-(1-Methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)di(2,6-piperazinedione)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2, 6-Piperazinedione, 4,4'-propylenedi-, (P)- (8CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2,6-Piperazinedione, 4, 4'-(1-methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis-, (S)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2,6-Piperazinedione, 4,4'-(1-methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis-,(S)-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Piperazinedione, 4,4'propylenedi-,(P)-(8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADR-529","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEXRAZOXANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dexrazoxane","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dexrazoxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Dexrazoxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dexrazoxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"ICRF-187","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICRF-187","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Razoxane (+)-form","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soluble ICRF (L-isomer)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"dexrazoxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"169780"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0086444"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"24584-09-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"048L81261F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H16N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dexrazoxane"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50223"}]}}{"C66945":{"preferredName":"Dexrazoxane Hydrochloride","code":"C66945","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat severe side effects caused by certain anticancer drugs. It is used under the brand name Totect to treat the toxic effects of an anticancer drug that leaks from a vein into surrounding tissue and causes tissue damage. It is also used under the brand name Zinecard to reduce heart damage in women given doxorubicin for breast cancer that has spread. Dexrazoxane hydrochloride is also being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of cardioprotective agent, a type of chemoprotective agent, and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a bisdioxopiperazine with iron-chelating, chemoprotective, cardioprotective, and antineoplastic activities. After hydrolysis to an active form that is similar to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), dexrazoxane chelates iron, limiting the formation of free radical-generating anthracycline-iron complexes, which may minimize anthracycline-iron complex-mediated oxidative damage to cardiac and soft tissues. This agent also inhibits the catalytic activity of topoisomerase II, which may result in tumor cell growth inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardioxane","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEXRAZOXANE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dexrazoxane Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dexrazoxane Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Totect","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Totect","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Zinecard","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zinecard","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"dexrazoxane hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0982118"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"149003-01-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"severe side effects caused by certain types of chemotherapy including extravasation, cardiac side effects by doxorubicin."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5346058Q7S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39485"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39485"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H16N4O4.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dexrazoxane_Hydrochloride"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50224"}]}}{"C968":{"preferredName":"Dezaguanine","code":"C968","definitions":[{"description":"A purine nucleoside analogue with antineoplastic and antiviral activities. By replacing guanine, dezaguanine incorporates into DNA and inhibits de novo purine synthesis, thereby inducing cell death. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Deazaguanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"3-Deazaguanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-908","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEZAGUANINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Deazaguanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dezaguanine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"261726"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0047332"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"41729-52-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9DRB973HUI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40086"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40086"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H6N4O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dezaguanine"}]}}{"C80635":{"preferredName":"Dezaguanine Mesylate","code":"C80635","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt form of dezaguanine, a purine nucleoside analogue with antineoplastic and antiviral activities. By competing with guanine, dezaguanine gets incorporated into DNA and inhibits DNA synthesis, thereby inducing cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Deazaguanine Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEZAGUANINE MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dezaguanine Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825284"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"87434-82-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H56TJ4554M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H6N4O.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dezaguanine_Mesylate"}]}}{"C107686":{"preferredName":"Dezapelisib","code":"C107686","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. Dezapelisib specifically inhibits PI3Kdelta, which prevents both the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and the activation of the PI3K/AKT kinase signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3Kdelta is often overexpressed in tumor cells, especially those of hematologic origin, and plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival. The targeted inhibition of PI3Kdelta allows for PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5H-Thiazolo(3,2-a)pyrimidin-5-one, 6-(3-Fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-7-((1S)-1-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)ethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEZAPELISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dezapelisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dezapelisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB040093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL451874"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1262440-25-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2K59L7G59M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751623"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751623"}]}}{"C2649":{"preferredName":"DHA-Paclitaxel","code":"C2649","definitions":[{"description":"A combination of DHA (a natural fatty acid) and paclitaxel (an anticancer drug) being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of mitotic inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A prodrug comprised of the naturally occurring omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) covalently conjugated to the anti-microtubule agent paclitaxel. Because tumor cells take up DHA, DHA-paclitaxel is delivered directly to tumor tissue, where the paclitaxel moiety binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. Paclitaxel also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein Bcl-2 (B-cell Leukemia 2). DHA-paclitaxel exhibits improved pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiles when compared to conventional paclitaxel and has demonstrated antineoplastic activity in animal models of cancer. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DHA-Paclitaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DHA-Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHA-paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Docosahexaenoic Acid-Paclitaxel conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PACLITAXEL DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TXP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxoprexin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"28247"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134470"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"73-67-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OJE5810C4F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38414"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38414"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"DHA-Paclitaxel"}]}}{"C2707":{"preferredName":"DHEA Mustard","code":"C2707","definitions":[{"description":"A steroidal alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and, in some cases, chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA replication and cell division. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DHEA Mustard","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dehydroepiandrosterone mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"dehydroepiandrosterone mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"121210"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279151"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39214"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39214"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"DHEA_Mustard"}]}}{"C78451":{"preferredName":"DI-Leu16-IL2 Immunocytokine","code":"C78451","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fusion protein consisting of de-immunized and humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody Leu16 fused to human cytokine interleukin-2 (IL2) with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of DI-Leu16-IL2 immunocytokine binds to tumor cells expressing the CD20 antigen, which may result in an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) towards CD20-expressing tumor cells; the localized IL2 moiety of this fusion protein may stimulate natural killer (NK) and T-lymphocyte mediated immune responses, enhancing the ADCC response. De-immunization involves the modification of potential helper T cell epitopes that bind to MHC class II molecules; humanization involves combining recombinant murine variable (V) regions with human immunoglobulin light and heavy chain constant regions. CD20 antigen, a hydrophobic transmembrane protein located on normal pre-B and mature B lymphocytes, is overexpressed by various cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DI-LEU16-IL2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DI-Leu16-IL-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DI-Leu16-IL2 Immunocytokine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DI-Leu16-IL2 Immunocytokine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"De-Immunized Anti-CD20-IL-2 Immunocytokine DI-Leu16-IL-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387463"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8PQK3QPW4P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599668"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599668"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"De-Immunized_DI-Leu16-IL2_Immunocytokine"}]}}{"C425":{"preferredName":"Dianhydrogalactitol","code":"C425","definitions":[{"description":"A bifunctional hexitol derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Dianhydrogalactitol alkylates and cross-links DNA via an epoxide group during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function and cell cycle arrest. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,5,6 dianhydrogalactitol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,2:5, 6-Dianhydrogalactitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,2:5, 6-diepoxydulcitol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,2:5,6 dianhydrogalactitol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,2:5,6-Dianhydrodulcitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,2:5,6-Diepoxydulcitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,2:5,6-dianhydrodulcitol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIANHYDROGALACTITOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dianhydrodulcitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dianhydrogalactitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dianhydrogalactitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dulcitol diepoxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Galactitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Galactitol, 1,2:5,6-dianhydro- (8CI 9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"dianhydrodulcitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"diepoxydulcitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"diepoxygalactitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dulcitol diepoxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"galactitol, 1,2:5,6-dianhydro- (8CI 9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"132313"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011967"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"23261-20-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4S465RYF7M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39215"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39215"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dianhydrogalactitol"}]}}{"C1632":{"preferredName":"Diarylsulfonylurea Compound ILX-295501","code":"C1632","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as an anticancer drug. It belongs to the family of drugs called diarylsulfonylureas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"ILX-295501 is a novel sulfonylurea compound that has demonstrated in-vivo antitumor activity against a broad spectrum of solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diarylsulfonylurea Compound ILX-295501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILX 295501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILX-295501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ILX295501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 295501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"LY-295501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-295501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY295501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(((3,4-Dichlorophenyl)amino)carbonyl)-2,3-dihydro-5-benzofuransulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5-(2,3-Dihydrobenzofuryl)sulfonyl)-N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0299218"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"150869-74-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"240Y4YO0TN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37917"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37917"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ILX-295501"}]}}{"C62508":{"preferredName":"Diazepinomicin","code":"C62508","definitions":[{"description":"A potent inhibitor of the RAS/RAF/MAPK signaling pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Diazepinomicin binds to and inhibits Ras kinase, thereby preventing the phosphorylation and activation of proteins downstream of the Ras signal transduction pathway, including serine/threonine kinase RAF (BRAF) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1 and ERK-2), that play a crucial role in regulating cell growth and survival. Diazepinomicin also selectively binds to the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (BZRP), a receptor highly expressed in certain cancer cells, thus inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in BZRP-expressing cells. In addition, diazepinomicin is able to cross the blood-brain barrier, thereby reaching therapeutic concentrations in the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11h-dibenzo(B,E)(1,4)diazepin-11-one, 5,10-dihydro-4,6,8-trihydroxy-10-((2E,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BU-4664L","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIAZEPINOMICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Diazepinomicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diazepinomicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECO-4601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLN-4601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"20655882"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4048794"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"C28H34N2O4"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"733035-26-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YPH994Y0RF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496938"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496938"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ECO-4601"}]}}{"C1363":{"preferredName":"Diaziquone","code":"C1363","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is able to cross the blood-brain barrier and kill cancer cells in the central nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A water-soluble, synthetic aziridinylbenzoquinone with potential antineoplastic activity. Bioactivation of aziridinylbenzoquinone RH1 occurs through the two-electron reduction of the quinone to the hydroquinone by the two-electron quinone reductase DT-diaphorase (DTD). The resultant hydroquinone selectively alkylates and cross-links DNA at the 5'-GNC-3' sequence, inihibiting DNA replication, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. DTD is over-expressed in many tumors relative to normal tissue, including lung, colon, breast and liver tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,4-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-dicarbamic acid, 2, 5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dioxo-, diethyl ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dicarbamic acid, 2, 5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dioxo-, diethyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dicarbamic acid,2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dioxo,-diethyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,5-bis(1-aciridinyl)-3,6-bis(ethoxycarbonylamino)-1,4-benzoquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-bis(ethoxycarbonylamino)-1,4-benzoquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dioxo-1,4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dicarbamic acid diethyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,5-diaziridinyl-3,6-bis(ethoxycarbonyl-amino)-1,4-benzoquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZQ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZQ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Aziridinyl Benzoquinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aziridinylbenzoquinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aziridinylbenzoquinone carbamic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-904","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbamic acid, [2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dioxo-1, 4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diyl]bis-, diethyl ester (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DIAZIQUONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Diaziquone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diaziquone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"[2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dioxo-1,4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diyl]biscarbamic acid diethyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carbamic acid, [2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dioxo-1, 4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diyl]bis-, diethyl ester (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"diaziquone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"182986"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0113600"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57998-68-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FQL5EUP13W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39161"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39161"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H20N4O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diaziquone"}]}}{"C427":{"preferredName":"Diazooxonorleucine","code":"C427","definitions":[{"description":"An L-glutamine diazo analogue amino acid antibiotic isolated from a species of the bacterial genus Streptomyces with potential antineoplastic activity. Diazooxonorleucine inhibits several glutamine-dependent biosynthetic pathways involved in the syntheses of D-glucosamine phosphate, purines and pyrimidines. This agent inhibits phosphate-activated glutaminase, a key enzyme for the synthesis of releasable glutamine, depleting cells of this essential amino acid and reducing their capacity to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-DIAZO-5-OXO-L-NORLEUCINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-diazo-5-oxo-norleucine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DON","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diazooxonorleucine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diazooxonorleucine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"7365"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0012020"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"764-17-0"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39224"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39224"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diazooxonorleucine"}]}}{"C81362":{"preferredName":"Dibrospidium Chloride","code":"C81362","definitions":[{"description":"A dispirotripiperazine derivative and alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. Dibrospidium chloride has been examined for the treatment of bone cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIBROSPIDIUM CHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dibrospidium Chloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825594"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"86641-76-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GRX5L9Y3Z3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H32Br2N4O2.2Cl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dibrospidium_Chloride"}]}}{"C28959":{"preferredName":"Dichloroallyl Lawsone","code":"C28959","definitions":[{"description":"A triazine derivative with antineoplastic activity. Dichloroallyl lawsone inhibits mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHOD), an enzyme that catalyzes the only redox step in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, and nucleotide (RNA and DNA) biosynthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DICHLOROALLYL LAWSONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dichloroallyl Lawsone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"126771"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0057845"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"36417-16-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZE2BI297KA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dichloroallyl_Lawsone"}]}}{"C107676":{"preferredName":"Dicycloplatin","code":"C107676","definitions":[{"description":"A third-generation, supramolecular platinum-based compound composed of carboplatin linked, by a strong hydrogen bond, to 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylate (CBDCA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, dicycloplatin appears to have a mechanism of action similar to that of other platinum-based compounds, which involves both DNA binding and the formation of DNA crosslinks. This mechanism results in the induction of apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Compared to carboplatin alone, dicycloplatin shows enhanced solubility and stability in aqueous solution and appears to have a more favorable toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DCP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DICYCLOPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dicycloplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dicycloplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3815135"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0KC57I4UNB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1338":{"preferredName":"Didox","code":"C1338","definitions":[{"description":"A ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor with activity against retroviruses. Didox inhibits retrovirus replication by depleting the deoxynucleotides obligatory for synthesis of the proviral DNA intermediate of retrovirus replication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,4-Dihydroxybenzohydroxamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,4-Dihydroxybenzohydroxamic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DIDOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Didox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Didox","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"324360"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0094556"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"69839-83-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L106XFV0RQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40191"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40191"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Didox"}]}}{"C87238":{"preferredName":"Dienogest","code":"C87238","definitions":[{"description":"An orally-active, semisynthetic, fourth generation, nonethinylated progestogen with antiproliferative, antiandrogenic, anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic activities that is used in hormone therapy and as a female contraceptive. Upon oral administration, dienogest binds intracellular progesterone receptors which then translocate to the nucleus where the drug-receptor complex interacts with progesterone response elements, thus altering the expression of target genes. Dienogest reduces the production of estradiol, prevents ovulation and alters the cervical mucus and endometrium. In addition, dienogest appears to suppress the expression of cell cycle regulator cyclin D1. Altogether, this may prevent the growth of endometrial epithelial cells and may reduce symptoms associated with leiomyoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-Hydroxy-3-Oxo-19-Nor-17Alpha-Pregna-4,9-Diene-21-Nitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"19-Norpregna-4,9-Diene-21-Nitrile, 17-Hydroxy-3-Oxo-, (17Alpha)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIENOGEST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dienogest","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 18575","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MJR-35","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STS 557","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZK 37659","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0057916"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65928-58-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"46M3EV8HHE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743773"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743773"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H25NO2"}]}}{"C1168":{"preferredName":"Diethylnorspermine","code":"C1168","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic bis-ethyl analogue of spermine with potential antineoplastic activity. N(1),N(11)-bis(ethyl)norspermine (DENSPM), a N-terminally alkylated tetraamine and polyamine mimetics, disrupts polyamine pool homeostasis by modulating the activities of the biosynthetic enzymes, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC). This agent also reduces polyamine concentrations through the induction of the catabolic enzyme spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SSAT). Polyamines, an integral part of the DNA helix structure, play a critical role in cell division, differentiation and membrane function. Disruption of normal polyamine concentrations by DENSPM may lead to cell growth inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CI-1006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DENSPM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIETHYLNORSPERMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Diethylnorspermine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N(1),N(11)-diethylnorspermine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1,N11-bis(ethyl)norspermine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0067116"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"121749-39-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HLI827Z1ST"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"375649"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"375649"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"N_1_N_11_bis_ethyl_norspermine"}]}}{"C2634":{"preferredName":"Digitoxin","code":"C2634","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A lipid soluble cardiac glycoside that inhibits the plasma membrane sodium potassium ATPase, leading to increased intracellular sodium and calcium levels and decreased intracellular potassium levels. In studies increased intracellular calcium precedes cell death and decreased intracellular potassium increase caspase activation and DNA fragmentation, causing apoptosis and inhibition of cancer cell growth. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3beta,5beta)-3-[(O-2,6-Dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1-4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-14-hydroxycard-20(22)-enolide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"CP4071","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP4071","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cardidigin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Crystalline Digitalin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Crystodigin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIGITOXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Digitoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"7529"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0012258"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"71-63-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Atrial Fibrillation; Atrial Flutter; Congestive Heart Failure; Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmias."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E90NZP2L9U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38332"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38332"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C41H64O13"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Digitoxin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28544"}]}}{"C28990":{"preferredName":"Digoxin","code":"C28990","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat irregular heartbeat and some types of heart failure. It is also being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Digoxin helps the heart work normally by controlling the amount of calcium that goes into the heart muscle. It also may kill cancer cells and make them more sensitive to anticancer drugs. It is a type of cardiac glycoside.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cardiac glycoside. Digoxin inhibits the sodium potassium adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) pump, thereby increasing intracellular calcium and enhancing cardiac contractility. This agent also acts directly on the atrioventricular node to suppress conduction, thereby slowing conduction velocity. Apparently due to its effects on intracellular calcium concentrations, digoxin induces apoptosis of tumor cells via a pathway involving mitochondrial cytochrome c and caspases 8 and 3. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"12beta-Hydroxydigitoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3beta,12beta,14-Trihydroxy-5beta,14beta-card-20(22)-enolid-3-tridigitoxosid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiogoxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIGOXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Digoxigenin-tridigitoxosid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Digoxin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Digoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lanoxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lanoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"digoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"95100"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0012265"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"20830-75-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"73K4184T59"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485249"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485249"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C41H64O14"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Digoxin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4551"}]}}{"C980":{"preferredName":"Dihydro-5-Azacytidine","code":"C980","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic nucleoside analogue of deoxycytidine. Dihydro-5-azacytidine inhibits DNA methyltransferase, thereby interfering with abnormal DNA methylation patterns that are associated with genetic instability in some tumor cells. Inhibition of this enzyme may restore expression of tumor-suppressor genes and result in antitumor activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one, 4-amino-3, 6-dihydro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,6-DIHYDRO-5-AZACYTIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"5,6-Dihydro-5-azacytidine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5,6-dihydro-5-azacytidine HCl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,6-dihydro-5-azacytidine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHAC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dihydro-5-Azacytidine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dihydro-5-Azacytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"264880"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048906"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"62488-57-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0627D8VG1C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39220"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39220"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H14N4O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dihydro-5-Azacytidine"}]}}{"C1463":{"preferredName":"Dihydrolenperone","code":"C1463","definitions":[{"description":"A butyrophenone that has been investigated for antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Butanone, 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[4-[(4-fluorophenyl)hydroxymethyl]-1-piperidi nyl]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-Butanone, 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[4-[(4-fluorophenyl)hydroxymethyl]-1-piperidinyl]-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIHYDROLENPERONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dihydro-lenperone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dihydro-lenperone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydrolenperone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydrolenperone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"RMI 11974","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"343513"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0208317"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"38077-12-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9RJ5N8VE7Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40107"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40107"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H25F2NO2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dihydrolenperone"}]}}{"C158103":{"preferredName":"Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor AG-636","code":"C158103","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, AG-636 specifically targets, binds to and prevents the activation of DHODH, thereby preventing the fourth enzymatic step in de novo pyrimidine synthesis. This prevents uridine monophosphate (UMP) formation, DNA synthesis, cell division and cellular proliferation, causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, enables differentiation and induces apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. DHODH, a mitochondrial enzyme, catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate (DHO) to orotate in the endogenous synthesis of UMP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG 636","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG-636","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG636","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHODH Inhibitor AG-636","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor AG-636","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor AG-636","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937737"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797356"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797356"}]}}{"C153137":{"preferredName":"Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor BAY2402234","code":"C153137","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BAY2402234 specifically targets, binds to and prevents the activation of DHODH, thereby preventing the fourth enzymatic step in de novo pyrimidine synthesis. This prevents uridine monophosphate (UMP) formation, DNA synthesis, cell division and cellular proliferation, causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, enables differentiation and induces apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. DHODH, a mitochondrial enzyme, catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate (DHO) to orotate in the endogenous synthesis of UMP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 2402234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-2402234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY2402234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHODH Inhibitor BAY2402234","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor BAY2402234","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor BAY2402234","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554394"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793941"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793941"}]}}{"C53434":{"preferredName":"Diindolylmethane","code":"C53434","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of prostate cancer and in the prevention of cervical cancer. Diindolylmethane is found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, cabbage, and kale. It is a type of plant indole.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A phytonutrient and plant indole found in cruciferous vegetables including broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower and kale, with potential anti-androgenic and antineoplastic activities. As a dimer of indole-3-carbinol, diindolylmethane (DIM) promotes beneficial estrogen metabolism in both sexes by reducing the levels of 16-hydroxy estrogen metabolites and increasing the formation of 2-hydroxy estrogen metabolites, resulting in increased antioxidant activity. Although this agent induces apoptosis in tumor cells in vitro, the exact mechanism by which DIM exhibits its antineoplastic activity in vivo is unknown.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,3'-DIINDOLYLMETHANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"3,3'-Diindolymethane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,3'-Methylenebis-1H-indole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"3,3'-Methylenebis-1H-indole","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCRIS 5806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DIM-Plus","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIMPRO","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Di-Indoly Methane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diindolylmethane","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diindolylmethane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"diindolylmethane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1100708"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1968-05-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SSZ9HQT61Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462587"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462587"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diindolylmethane"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50182"}]}}{"C1073":{"preferredName":"Dimethylmyleran","code":"C1073","definitions":[{"description":"An aliphatic analogue of busulfan with potential antineoplastic activity. As an alkylating agent, dimethylbusulfan induces neutropenia and has been shown to exhibit antitumor effects in some animal models. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA synthesis and cell division. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,5-Dimethanesulfonoxyhexane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethyl-Myleran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethylbusulfan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethylmyleran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethylmyleran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dimethylmyleran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"180543"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"23890"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"180541"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"180542"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0058272"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"55-93-6"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39221"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39221"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dimethylbusulfan"}]}}{"C78854":{"preferredName":"Dinaciclib","code":"C78854","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of advanced melanoma (a type of skin cancer) and other types of cancer. It blocks cell division and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine with potential antineoplastic activity. Dinaciclib selectively inhibits cyclin dependent kinases CDK1, CDK2, CDK5, and CDK9; inhibition of CDK1 and CDK2 may result in cell cycle repression and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Piperidineethanol, 1-[3-ethyl-7-[[(1-oxido-3-pyridinyl)methyl]amino]pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-5-yl]-, (2S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK Inhibitor SCH 727965","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK inhibitor SCH 727965","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DINACICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dinaciclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dinaciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-7965","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 727965","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dinaciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698720"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"779353-01-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4V8ECV0NBQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612855"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612855"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H28N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CDK_Inhibitor_SCH_727965"}]}}{"C1570":{"preferredName":"Dinutuximab","code":"C1570","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It binds to a molecule called GD2, which is found in greater than normal amounts on some types of cancer cells. This helps cells of the immune system kill the cancer cells. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chimeric mouse/human monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Dinutuximab binds to the ganglioside GD2 and induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against GD2-expressing tumor cells. GD2 is overexpressed in malignant melanoma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, and small cell carcinoma of the lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ch 14.18UTC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ch14.18","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ch14.18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DINUTUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dinutuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dinutuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dinutuximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"MOAB Ch14.18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Unituxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody Ch14.18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"623408"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3871452"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1363687-32-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"childhood neuroblastoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7SQY4ZUD30"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42042"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42042"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_Ch14_18"}]}}{"C115103":{"preferredName":"Dioscorea nipponica Makino Extract DNE3","code":"C115103","definitions":[{"description":"An extract of the plant Dioscorea nipponica Makino and inhibitor of both the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) and members of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) family of lipid kinases, with potential antineoplastic and anti-metastatic activities. Dioscorea nipponica Makino extracted with ethyl acetate (DNE3) binds to and inhibits PI3K and Akt. This inhibits PI3K/Akt-mediated signaling and prevents both growth and survival of PI3K/Akt-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, DNE3 increases the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), inhibits the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), primarily MMP-2 and MMP-9, and inhibits the serine protease urokinase (urokinase-type plasminogen activator; u-PA). This inhibits tumor cell invasion, migration, motility, and adhesion. This agent also inhibits the activation of both cAMP response element-binding (CREB) and activating protein-1 (AP-1), and increases the expression of IkappaB (IkB), which inhibits the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB). These processes further contribute to this agent's anti-tumor potential in susceptible tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNE3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dioscorea nipponica Extract with Ethyl Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dioscorea nipponica Makino Extract DNE3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472634"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759832"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759832"}]}}{"C28994":{"preferredName":"Diphencyprone","code":"C28994","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, potent allergic contact sensitizer with potential immunostimulatory activity. After sensitization process by repeated topical application of diphencyprone to a specific area, further application of this agent to the affected area may stimulate an immune response and may potentially be useful to clear the affected area from infection or cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIPHENCYPRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DPCP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diphencyprone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diphenylcyclopropenone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"57541"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0058379"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"886-38-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I7G14NW5EC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742143"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742143"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H10O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diphencyprone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:53074"}]}}{"C126273":{"preferredName":"Diphtheria Toxin Fragment-Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein E7777","code":"C126273","definitions":[{"description":"A cytotoxic recombinant fusion protein consisting of the human cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) fused to diphtheria toxin fragments A and B, containing both the catalytic and translocation domains, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the IL-2 moiety of diphtheria toxin fragment-IL-2 fusion protein E7777 binds to IL-2 receptors. After internalization by IL-2 receptor-expressing cells via endocytosis, the agent is proteolytically cleaved. This releases the catalytic domain of the toxin moiety, which catalyzes the transfer of the ADP-ribose moiety of NAD to a diphthamide residue of elongation factor 2 (EF-2). This covalent modification inactivates EF-2 and disrupts polypeptide chain elongation, resulting in an inhibition of translation and cell death. E7777 has the same amino acid sequence as denileukin diftitox (DD), but has an increased purity profile and an increased percentage of monomeric, active protein, which improves its efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diphtheria Toxin Fragment-Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein E7777","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7777","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504850"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779222"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779222"}]}}{"C432":{"preferredName":"Ditiocarb","code":"C432","definitions":[{"description":"A sulfhydryl-containing carbamate that is the primary in vivo metabolite of disulfiram. Diethyldithiocarbamate chelates zinc, thereby inhibiting metalloproteinases, thereby preventing the degradation of the extracellular matrix and inhibiting an initial step in cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. A known inhibitor of superoxide dismutase, this agent can either potentiate or protect against cell oxidative damage caused by ionizing radiation, depending on the time of administration. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DDTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIECA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DITIOCARB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethylcarbamodithioic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Diethylcarbamodithioic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethyldione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethyldithiocarbamate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethyldithiocarbamic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethyldithiocarbaminic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diethyldithione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ditiocarb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0012194"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"147-84-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"99Z2744345"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40247"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H11NS2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diethyldithiocarbamate"}]}}{"C113331":{"preferredName":"DKK1-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody DKN-01","code":"C113331","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against Wnt antagonist Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) with potential anti-osteolytic activity. DKK1-neutralizing monoclonal antibody DKN-01 binds to and inhibits DKK1, which restores Wnt pathway signaling. Reactivation of the Wnt signaling pathway may result in the differentiation and activation of osteoblasts within the bone matrix and the reversal of tumor-induced osteolytic disease. Elevated levels of circulating DKK1, a potent Wnt signaling pathway antagonist, is associated with a number of neoplastic diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DKK1-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody DKN-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DKN-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Mon Dec 21 13:11:00 EST 2020 - See 'DKK1-neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody DKN-01(C99123)'"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C20401"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C129822"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458159"}]}}{"C90539":{"preferredName":"DM-CHOC-PEN","code":"C90539","definitions":[{"description":"A cholesterol carbonate derivative of 4-demethylpenclomedine (DM-PEN) with potential antineoplastic alkylating activity. Upon intravenous administration of 4-demethylcholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine, the carbonium moiety binds to and alkylates DNA at the N7 guanine position, thereby causing DNA crosslinks. This prevents DNA replication, inhibits cellular proliferation and triggers apoptosis. In addition, due to its lipophilic cholesteryl moiety this agent is able to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) and therefore can be given intravenously compared to other alkylating agents that need to be given intra-cranially.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-DEMETHYL-4-CHOLESTERYLOXYCARBONYLPENCLOMEDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"4-Demethylcholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DM-CHOC-PEN","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DM-CHOC-PEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416220"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1S83F4T2WE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"664344"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"664344"}]}}{"C77864":{"preferredName":"DM4-Conjugated Anti-Cripto Monoclonal Antibody BIIB015","code":"C77864","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface-associated protein Cripto and conjugated to the maytansinoid DM4 with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of DM4-conjugated anti-Cripto monoclonal antibody BIIB015 binds to the tumor associated antigen (TAA) Cripto; upon internalization, the DM4 moiety binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in inhibition of cell division and cell growth of Cripto-expressing tumor cells. Constitutively expressed during embryogenesis, Cripto belongs to the EGF-CFC family of growth factor-like molecules and plays a key role in signaling pathways of certain transforming growth factor-beta superfamily members; as a TAA, Cripto is overexpressed in carcinomas such as those of the breast, ovary, stomach, lung, and pancreas while its expression is absent in normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIIB015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DM4-Conjugated Anti-Cripto Monoclonal Antibody BIIB015","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713087"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596550"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596550"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"DM4-Conjugated_Anti-Cripto_Monoclonal_Antibody_BIIB015"}]}}{"C92588":{"preferredName":"DNA Interference Oligonucleotide PNT2258","code":"C92588","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation of the 24-mer oligonucleotide PNT100, with potential antineoplastic activity. PNT2258 targets and complements to untranscribed DNA sequence upstream of BCL2 promoters, thereby interfering with DNA replication and transcription of the BCL2 gene. This may promote and restore the apoptotic pathway in BCL2-overexpressing tumor cells. BCL2, an anti-apoptotic protein, is overexpressed in a wide variety of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA Interference Oligonucleotide PNT2258","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNAi Drug PNT2258","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNT2258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2985197"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685213"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685213"}]}}{"C29435":{"preferredName":"DNA Minor Groove Binding Agent SG2000","code":"C29435","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called DNA cross-linking agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sequence-selective pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer with potential antineoplastic activity. Following intravenous administration, DNA minor groove binding agent SG2000 preferentially and covalently binds to purine-GATC-pyrimidine sequences, with the imine/carbinolamine moieties of SG2000 binding to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces interstrand cross-links and inhibits both DNA replication and gene transcription, which lead to the inhibition of cell growth. With a preference for binding to purine-GATC-pyrimidine sequences, SG2000 adducts do not appear to be susceptible to p53-mediated DNA excision repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(11aS,11a'S)-8,8'-(propane-1,3-diylbis(oxy))bis(7-methoxy-2-methylene-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[e]pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-5(11aH)-one)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BN2629","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA Minor Groove Binding Agent SG2000","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DNA Minor Groove Binding Agent SG2000","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSC 694501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SG2000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SJG-136","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SJG136","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"694501"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519143"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"232931-57-6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415963"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415963"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SJG-136"}]}}{"C116709":{"preferredName":"Rocakinogene Sifuplasmid","code":"C116709","definitions":[{"description":"A plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) with potential immunoactivating activity. Upon intramuscular delivery by electroporation of rocakinogene sifuplasmid, IL-12 is translated in cells and activates the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NK cells), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma and promoting cytotoxic T-cell responses against tumor cells. This may result in both immune-mediated tumor cell death and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA Plasmid Encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-9012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROCAKINOGENE SIFUPLASMID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rocakinogene Sifuplasmid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rocakinogene Sifuplasmid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473906"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2253753-17-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"91JHE0ANN8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762182"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762182"}]}}{"C163978":{"preferredName":"DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012/PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmids INO-5150 Formulation INO-5151","code":"C163978","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA-based combined formulation composed of INO-5150, DNA plasmids encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and INO-9012, a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the immune activator and pro-inflammatory cytokine human interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular delivery of INO-5151 and electroporation of the PSA/PSMA DNA plasmid INO-5150, PSA and PSMA are translated in cells and elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing PSA and PSMA, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Upon electroporation of the DNA plasmid encoding IL-12 INO-9012, IL-12 is translated in cells and the expressed IL-12 activates the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NK cells), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and promoting CTL responses against tumor cells. This boosts the immune response and results in increased CTL-mediated tumor cell death as compared with the administration of INO-5150 alone. PSA and PSMA are overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012/PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmids INO-5150 Formulation INO-5151","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012/PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmids INO-5150 Formulation INO-5151","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Formulation INO-5150 with INO-9012","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO 5151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-5150 with INO-9012","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-5150/INO-9012 Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-5151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO5151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977247"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C123919":{"preferredName":"DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12/HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine MEDI0457","code":"C123919","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA-based combination immunotherapeutic, MEDI0457, composed of VGX-3100, a preparation of DNA plasmids encoding the E6 and E7 genes of human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes 16 and 18, combined with INO-9012, a DNA plasmid encoding the immune activator and pro-inflammatory cytokine human interleukin-12 (IL-12) with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular delivery by electroporation of VGX-3100, the HPV E6 and E7 proteins are translated in cells and elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing the E6 and E7 antigens, resulting in tumor cell lysis. HPV type 16 and HPV type 18 are associated with the development of certain types of cancer. Upon intramuscular delivery by electroporation of INO-9012, IL-12 is expressed and activates the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NK cells), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and promoting CTL responses against tumor cells. This boosts the immune response and results in increased CTL-mediated tumor cell death as compared with the administration of VGX-3100 alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12/HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine MEDI0457","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12/HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine MEDI0457","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO 3112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-3112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-3112 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 0457","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-0457","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI0457","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VGX-3100 Plus INO-9012","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498283"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775854"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775854"}]}}{"C123923":{"preferredName":"DNA Vaccine VB10.16","code":"C123923","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic DNA vaccine composed of three parts, one encodes the E6/E7 fusion protein of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (HPV16), the second is a dimerization entity and the third part encodes a protein that specifically binds to antigen presenting cells (APCs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration, the DNA vaccine VB10.16 expresses HPV16 E6/7 and a protein that targets receptors on APCs. Upon binding to APCs and subsequent internalization, the APCs mature and the HPV16 E6/7 antigenic protein is presented by the APCs. This attracts and stimulates B-lymphocytes, CD4-positive T-lymphocytes and elicits a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing HPV16-associated E6 and E7 oncoproteins, which result in tumor cell lysis. HPV16 E6/7, a viral antigen, plays a key role in the development of certain types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA Vaccine VB10.16","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VB10.16","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VB10.16 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498287"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775928"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775928"}]}}{"C129061":{"preferredName":"DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor VX-984","code":"C129061","definitions":[{"description":"An ATP-competitive inhibitor of the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), with potential sensitizing and enhancing activities for both chemo- and radiotherapies. Upon administration, DNA-PK inhibitor VX-984 binds to and inhibits the catalytic subunit of DNA-PK, thereby interfering with the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) process and preventing repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) caused by ionizing radiation or chemotherapeutic treatment. This increases chemo- and radiotherapy cytotoxicity and leads to enhanced tumor cell death. The enhanced ability of tumor cells to repair DSBs plays a major role in the resistance of tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy; DNA-PK plays a key role in the NHEJ pathway and DSB repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA-PK Inhibitor VX-984","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor VX-984","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor VX-984","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX-984","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX984","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512131"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783593"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783593"}]}}{"C97040":{"preferredName":"DNA-PK/TOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-115","code":"C97040","definitions":[{"description":"A dual inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. CC-115 binds to and inhibits the activity of DNA-PK and both raptor-mTOR (TOR complex 1 or TORC1) and rictor-mTOR (TOR complex 2 or TORC2), which may lead to a reduction in cellular proliferation of cancer cells expressing DNA-PK and TOR. DNA-PK, a serine/threonine kinase and a member of the PI3K-related kinase subfamily of protein kinases, is activated upon DNA damage and plays a key role in repairing double-stranded DNA breaks via the DNA nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in a variety of tumors, plays an important role downstream in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA-PK/TOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-115","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DNA-PK/TOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-115","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273208"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700650"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700650"}]}}{"C2530":{"preferredName":"DNMT1 Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide MG 98","code":"C2530","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks the production of a protein called DNA methyltransferase, which helps control gene expression. This may kill cancer cells that need DNA methyltransferase to grow. It is a type of antisense oligonucleotide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A second-generation, mixed-backbone, phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide (ODN) with potential antitumor activity. MG 98 is a highly specific inhibitor of translation of the mRNA for human DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), hybridizing to the 3' un-translated region of DNMT1 mRNA. The silencing of DNMT1 translation by MG 98 may result in the prevention or reversal of abnormal methylation of tumor suppressor genes and ultimately in tumor growth inhibition or tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNMT1 Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide MG 98","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG 98","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG-98","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG-98 oligonucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG98","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796640"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43475"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43475"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MG_98"}]}}{"C1526":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel","code":"C1526","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used together with other drugs to treat certain types of breast cancer, stomach cancer, prostate cancer, and certain types of head and neck cancer. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Docetaxel is a type of mitotic inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane derived from a compound found in the European yew tree, Taxus baccata. Docetaxel displays potent and broad antineoplastic properties; it binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell- cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and displays immunomodulatory and pro-inflammatory properties by inducing various mediators of the inflammatory response. Docetaxel has been studied for use as a radiation-sensitizing agent. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DOCETAXEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Docecad","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Docetaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Docetaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Debenzoyl-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-10-deacetyltaxol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP56976","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxotere","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxotere","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Taxotere","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Taxotere Injection Concentrate","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[2aR-[2a alphaa,4beta,4a beta,6beta,9alpha,(alphaR*,betaS*),-11alpha,12alpha,12a alpha,12b alpha]]-beta-[[(1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]-amino]-alpha-hydroxybenzemepropanoic Acid 12b-(Acetyloxy)-12(benzyloxy)-2a,3,4,4a,5,6,8,10,11,12,12a,12b-dodecahydeo-4,-6,11-trihydroxy-4a,8,13,13-tetramethyl-5-oxo-7,11-methano-1H-cyclodeca[3,4]benz[1,2-b]oxet-9-yl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"docetaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"628503"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0246415"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"148408-66-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; Esophageal cancer; Gastric cancer; Head/Neck cancers; Locally Advanced or Metastatic Non small-cell lung cancer; Ovarian cancer; Metastatic Prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"15H5577CQD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41657"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41657"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C43H53NO14.3H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Docetaxel"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:59809"}]}}{"C61734":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel Anhydrous","code":"C61734","definitions":[{"description":"The anhydrous form of docetaxel, a semisynthetic side-chain analogue of paclitaxel with antineoplastic property. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of microtubules and thereby antagonizes the disassembly of the microtubule proteins. This results in the persistence of aberrant microtubule structures and results in cell-cycle arrest and subsequent cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DOCEFREZ","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOCETAXEL ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Anhydrous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771375"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"114977-28-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"699121PHCA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C43H53NO14"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Docetaxel_Anhydrous"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4672"}]}}{"C78196":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel Emulsion ANX-514","code":"C78196","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable emulsion formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semisynthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory response. Docetaxel emulsion ANX-514 is formulated without polysorbate 80 or other detergents in order to reduce the incidence and severity of hypersensitivity reactions. In addition, the exclusion of polysorbate 80 in this formulation precludes foaming during the preparation process, thus facilitating preparation and administration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANX-514","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Emulsion ANX-514","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Emulsion ANX-514","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383589"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595290"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595290"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Docetaxel_Emulsion_ANX-514"}]}}{"C88322":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel Formulation CKD-810","code":"C88322","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semisynthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CKD-810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Formulation CKD-810","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413582"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661020"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661020"}]}}{"C102568":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel Lipid Microspheres","code":"C102568","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid microsphere (LM)-based formulation containing the poorly water soluble taxane docetaxel, a semi-synthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which causes cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and leads to cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory response. Compared to docetaxel alone, the LM formulation may enhance stability, improve efficacy and may reduce toxicity; this formulation does not contain toxic detergents needed to solubilize docetaxel which further improves its side effect profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DLE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DT-LM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Lipid Emulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Lipid Microspheres","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL436875"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735255"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735255"}]}}{"C121961":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel Nanoparticle CPC634","code":"C121961","definitions":[{"description":"A polymeric nanoparticle (PNP) formulation containing the poorly water-soluble taxane docetaxel, a semi-synthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the docetaxel nanoparticle CPC634, the nanoparticles are able to accumulate at the tumor site due to the unique characteristics of the tumor's vasculature, while avoiding normal, healthy tissue. In turn, docetaxel is released locally at the target tumor site, binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, thereby preventing cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory response. Compared to docetaxel alone, this formulation may enhance stability and improve delivery, thereby increasing docetaxel's efficacy while avoiding systemic exposure, which minimizes its toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPC 634","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPC-634","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPC634","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CriPec (R) Docetaxel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Nanoparticle CPC634","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel containing CriPec (R) Nanoparticles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-containing CriPec (R) Nanoparticles CPC634","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle-encapsulated Docetaxel CPC634","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4054421"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772251"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772251"}]}}{"C165263":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel Polymeric Micelles","code":"C165263","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation consisting of polymeric micelles (PMs), made with poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)-block-poly(D,L-lactide) (PVP-b-PDLLA) block polymers, encapsulating the taxane docetaxel, a semi-synthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the docetaxel PMs, the nanoparticles are able to accumulate at the tumor site due to the unique characteristics of the tumor's vasculature, while avoiding normal, healthy tissue. In turn, docetaxel is released locally at the target tumor site where it binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, thereby stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly. This results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, thereby preventing cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory response. Compared to docetaxel alone, this formulation may enhance stability and improve delivery, thereby increasing docetaxel's efficacy while avoiding systemic exposure, which minimizes its toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Docetaxel Lipid Emulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel Polymeric Micelles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-PM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-loaded PM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-loaded PMs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-loaded Polymeric Micelles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NANOXEL-M","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NanoxelM","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978531"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799405"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799405"}]}}{"C121539":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel-loaded Nanopharmaceutical CRLX301","code":"C121539","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation containing the poorly water-soluble, second-generation taxane analog docetaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the docetaxel-loaded nanopharmaceutical CRLX301, the nanoparticles are able to accumulate at the tumor site due to the unique characteristics of the tumor's vasculature, while avoiding normal, healthy tissue. In turn, CRLX301 is taken up by the tumor cell via macropinocytosis. Subsequently, docetaxel is slowly released into the cytoplasm where it binds to and stabilizes the beta-subunit of tubulin, thereby stabilizing microtubules and inhibiting microtubule disassembly. This prevents mitosis and results in cell death. Compared to the administration of docetaxel alone, this formulation is able to increase docetaxel's efficacy while avoiding systemic exposure, which minimizes its toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRLX301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-loaded Nanopharmaceutical CRLX301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-loaded Nanopharmaceutical CRLX301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053653"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770081"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770081"}]}}{"C91087":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel-PNP","code":"C91087","definitions":[{"description":"A polymeric nanoparticle (PNP) formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semi-synthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, preventing cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory response. Compared to docetaxel alone, the PNP formulation may enhance stability and improve delivery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Docetaxel-PNP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNP-DTX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421475"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671819"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671819"}]}}{"C162784":{"preferredName":"Docetaxel/Ritonavir","code":"C162784","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable combination agent containing docetaxel, a second generation taxane, and ritonavir, a cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inhibitor, with potential enhanced antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. Docetaxel is metabolized by CYP3A4 enzymes which is inhibited by the presence of ritonavir. This increases the plasma concentration of docetaxel and may increase docetaxel's efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Docetaxel/Ritonavir","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Docetaxel/Ritonavir","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ModraDoc006/r","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Docetaxel/Ritonavir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973164"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798993"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798993"}]}}{"C1300":{"preferredName":"Dolastatin 10","code":"C1300","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It binds to a protein that cells need to divide and it may kill cancer cells. Dolastatin 10 comes from a marine organism. It is a type of mitotic inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pentapeptide originally isolated from the marine mollusk Dolabella auricularia with potential antineoplastic activity. Binding to tubulin, Dolastatin 10 inhibits microtubule assembly, resulting in the formation of tubulin aggregates and inhibition of mitosis. This agent also induces tumor cell apoptosis through a mechanism involving bcl-2, an oncoprotein that is overexpressed in some cancers. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B720389K560","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B720389K560","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DOLASTATIN 10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dolastatin 10","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dolastatin 10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dolastatin 10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dolastatin-10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Valinamide, N,N-dimethyl-L-valyl-N-[2-methoxy-4-[2-[1- methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxo-3-[[2-phenyl-1-(2-thiazolyl)ethyl]amino]propyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-1-(1-methylpropyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-, [2S-[1[1R*(R*),2S*],2R*[1S*,2S*,3(R*)]]]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dolastatin 10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"376128"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0082338"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"110417-88-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EI946JT51X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42316"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42316"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dolastatin_10"}]}}{"C1439":{"preferredName":"Dolastatin 15","code":"C1439","definitions":[{"description":"A depsipeptide originally isolated from the marine mollusk Dolabella auricularia with potential antineoplastic activity. Less potent than the structurally-related compound dolastatin 10, dolastatin 15 binds weakly to tubulin and blocks microtubule assembly, thereby inhibiting mitosis. Dolastatin 15 also induces tumor cell apoptosis through a mechanism involving bcl-2, an oncoprotein that is overexpressed in some cancers. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DOLASTATIN 15","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dolastatin 15","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dolastatin 15","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Proline, 1-(1-(N-(N-(N,N-dimethyl-L-valyl)-L-valyl)-N-methyl-L-valyl)-L-prolyl)-, 1-((2,5-dihydro-3-methoxy-5-oxo-2-(phenylmethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)carbonyl)-2-methylpropyl ester, (S-(R*,R*))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"617668"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0170214"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123884-00-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J9ZKS885H5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dolastatin_15"}]}}{"C96797":{"preferredName":"Domatinostat","code":"C96797","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable benzamide and inhibitor of human class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) isoenzymes 1, 2 and 3, with potential antineoplastic activity. Domatinostat selectively binds to and inhibits class I HDACs leading to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones. This may result in an induction of chromatin remodeling, the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, and the tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and eventually the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor types, are a class of enzymes that deacetylate chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenamide, N-(2-aminophenyl)-3-(1-((4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl)sulfonyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)-, (2E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SC-202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOMATINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Domatinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Domatinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429405"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"264ARM7UXX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700110"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700110"}]}}{"C118294":{"preferredName":"Donafenib","code":"C118294","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available multikinase inhibitor that targets Raf kinase and various receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, donafenib binds to and blocks the activity of Raf kinase, and inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits cell proliferation in Raf-expressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent may inhibit unidentified RTKs, and thus may further block tumor cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. Raf, a serine/threonine protein kinase, plays a key role in the Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. Deregulation of this pathway often results in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyridinecarboxamide, 4-(4-((((4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)amino)carbonyl)amino)phenoxy)-N-(methyl-d3)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-(4-((4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)carbamoylamino)phenoxy)-N-(trideuteriomethyl)pyridine-2-carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM-4307","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DONAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Donafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3899341"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1130115-44-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"41XGO0VS1U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764413"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764413"}]}}{"C88345":{"preferredName":"Dopamine-Somatostatin Chimeric Molecule TBR-760","code":"C88345","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric dopamine (DA)-somatostatin (SST) compound, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, dopamine-somatostatin chimeric molecule TBR-760 binds with high affinity to dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) and somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2), and to a lesser extent to somatostatin receptor subtype 5 (SSTR5). This agent appears to exert its effect mainly by binding to D2R to activate the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways, thus inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cellular proliferation in non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) and neuroendocrine tumors. By binding to SSTR2, this agent may inhibit the secretion of growth hormone (GH) by the pituitary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIM-23A760","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dopamine-Somatostatin Chimeric Molecule TBR-760","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TBR 760","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TBR-760","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TBR760","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2604387"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"868562-36-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661022"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661022"}]}}{"C148462":{"preferredName":"Delolimogene Mupadenorepvec","code":"C148462","definitions":[{"description":"A double-armed oncolytic adenovirus composed of a recombinant genetically modified E1/E3-deleted, adenoviral serotype 5 (Ad5) vector, with the L5 segment of the Ad5 fiber replaced by the shaft and knob from the Ad35 serotype (Ad5/35), which expresses a trimerized (TMZ) form of the membrane-bound immunostimulator CD40 ligand (CD40L; TNFSF5) and the ligand for the signaling domain 4-1BB (4-1BBL; CD137L; TNFSF9), under the control of a CMV promoter, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration of delolimogene mupadenorepvec, the virus infects and selectively replicates in tumor cells. This causes direct oncolysis and the release of a plethora of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) from the tumor cells. The released TAAs stimulate the immune system and activate anti-tumor cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), thereby further killing tumor cells. In addition, infected tumor cells and tumor stroma cells, including stellate cells and infiltrating immune cells, express the immunostimulants CD40L and 4-1BBL. The expressed CD40L and 4-1BBL proteins activate the CD40L- and 4-1BBL-mediated signaling pathways, respectively. This activates antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs) and M1 macrophages. The DCs produce various cytokines, including interleukin-12 (IL12), IL21, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa), and interferon-gamma (IFNg), which leads to the activation and expansion of both T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Altogether, this modulates immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME), disrupts tumor stroma, and causes additional immune stimulation against tumor cells, thereby inducing further tumor cell lysis. In addition, CD40L reduces myeloid suppressor cells in the TME. Inclusion of the chimeric Ad5/35 fiber targets CD46 and increases viral uptake in cells. Transgene expression is driven by a separate promoter to allow for efficient expression in both tumor cells and tumor stroma. Replication is restricted to tumor cells by the presence of the delta24 mutation in the E1A gene, which deletes the retinoplastoma protein (pRb)-binding domain and forces viral replication to be conditional on hyperphosphorylated pRb and a dysfunctional Rb pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Delolimogene Mupadenorepvec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Delolimogene Mupadenorepvec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOAd 703","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOAd-703","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOAd703","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenovirus LOAd703","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551080"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802087"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802087"}]}}{"C76199":{"preferredName":"Dovitinib","code":"C76199","definitions":[{"description":"A benzimidazole-quinolinone compound and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Dovitinib binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of type III-V RTKs, such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) that promote tumor cell proliferation and survival in certain cancer cells. In addition, this agent also inhibits other members of the RTK superfamily, including fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 and 3, FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3, stem cell factor receptor (c-KIT), and colony stimulating factor receptor 1. This may further lead to a reduction of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis, and an induction of tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DOVITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dovitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dovitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699806"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"405169-16-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I35H55G906"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H21FN6O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dovitinib"}]}}{"C62435":{"preferredName":"Dovitinib Lactate","code":"C62435","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable lactate salt of a benzimidazole-quinolinone compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Dovitinib strongly binds to fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) and inhibits its phosphorylation, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell death. In addition, this agent may inhibit other members of the RTK superfamily, including the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; fibroblast growth factor receptor 1; platelet-derived growth factor receptor type 3; FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3; stem cell factor receptor (c-KIT); and colony-stimulating factor receptor 1; this may result in an additional reduction in cellular proliferation and angiogenesis, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The activation of FGFR3 is associated with cell proliferation and survival in certain cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Amino-5-fluoro-3-(6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)quinolin-2(1H)-one mono 2-hydroxypropanoate Hydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHIR-258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOVITINIB LACTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dovitinib Lactate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dovitinib Lactate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTK Inhibitor TKI258","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TKI258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1568328"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915769-50-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"69VKY8P7EA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488976"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488976"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H21FN6O.C3H6O3.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CHIR-258"}]}}{"C61737":{"preferredName":"Doxazosin","code":"C61737","definitions":[{"description":"A quinazoline with antihypertensive and antineoplastic properties. Doxazosin is an alpha-adrenergic antagonist that selectively inhibits alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. Blockages of the alpha-1 adrenergic action on the vascular smooth muscles lead to a decrease in vascular resistance and antihypertensive activity. This agent also shows high affinity to alpha-1c adrenoceptor, the predominant functional type in the prostate, which may partially attribute to its effect in treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Furthermore, doxazosin induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells mediated through inhibition of protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt-signaling death receptor regulatory pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DOXAZOSIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Doxazosin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Doxazosin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0114873"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"74191-85-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NW1291F1W8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H25N5O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Doxazosin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4708"}]}}{"C2645":{"preferredName":"Doxercalciferol","code":"C2645","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the prevention of recurrent prostate cancer. It is a type of vitamin D analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic analog of vitamin D with potential antineoplastic activity. In the liver, doxercalciferol is converted to its biologically active vitamin D metabolites, which control the intestinal absorption of dietary calcium, the tubular reabsorption of calcium by the kidney and, in conjunction with parathyroid hormone (PTH), the mobilization of calcium from the skeleton. Through interaction with specific receptor proteins in target tissues, these vitamin D metabolites act directly on osteoblasts to stimulate skeletal growth, and on the parathyroid glands to suppress PTH synthesis and secretion. This agent has also been shown to inhibit the growth of retinoblastomas, and may exhibit some antiproliferative activity against prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1alpha,3beta,5Z,7E,22E)-9,10-Secoergosta-5,7,10(19),22-tetraene-1,3-diol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Alpha-Hydroxyvitamin D2","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOXERCALCIFEROL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Doxercalciferol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Doxercalciferol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Doxercalciferol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hectorol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"doxercalciferol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0043668"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"54573-75-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Secondary hyperparathyroidism in end stage renal disease in patients on hemodialysis."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3DIZ9LF5Y9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38406"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38406"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H44O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Doxercalciferol"}]}}{"C978":{"preferredName":"Doxifluridine","code":"C978","definitions":[{"description":"A fluoropyrimidine derivative and oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with antitumor activity. Doxifluridine, designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-FU by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, is converted into 5-FU in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase. 5-FU interferes with DNA synthesis and subsequent cell division by reducing normal thymidine production and interferes with RNA transcription by competing with uridine triphosphate for incorporation into the RNA strand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-DFUR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOXIFLURIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Doxifluridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048808"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3094-09-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V1JK16Y2JP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481255"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481255"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11FN2O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Doxifluridine"}]}}{"C456":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin","code":"C456","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat many types of cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Doxorubicin comes from the bacterium Streptomyces peucetius. It damages DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of anthracycline antitumor antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An anthracycline antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Doxorubicin, isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius, is the hydroxylated congener of daunorubicin. Doxorubicin intercalates between base pairs in the DNA helix, thereby preventing DNA replication and ultimately inhibiting protein synthesis. Additionally, doxorubicin inhibits topoisomerase II which results in an increased and stabilized cleavable enzyme-DNA linked complex during DNA replication and subsequently prevents the ligation of the nucleotide strand after double-strand breakage. Doxorubicin also forms oxygen free radicals resulting in cytotoxicity secondary to lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipids; the formation of oxygen free radicals also contributes to the toxicity of the anthracycline antibiotics, namely the cardiac and cutaneous vascular effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S-cis)-10-[(3-Amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroacetyl)-1-methoxy-5,12-naphthacenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(8S-cis)-10-[(3-Amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-5,12-naphthacenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"14-Hydroxydaunomycin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriablastin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOXORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Hydroxydaunomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxyl Daunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxyldaunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"doxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013089"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"23214-92-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"80168379AG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO11"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Doxorubicin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28748"}]}}{"C1326":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C1326","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat many types of cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Adriamycin PFS comes from the bacterium Streptomyces peucetius. It damages DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of anthracycline antitumor antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of doxorubicin, an anthracycline antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Doxorubicin, isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius, is the hydroxylated congener of daunorubicin. Doxorubicin intercalates between base pairs in the DNA helix, thereby preventing DNA replication and ultimately inhibiting protein synthesis. Additionally, doxorubicin inhibits topoisomerase II which results in an increased and stabilized cleavable enzyme-DNA linked complex during DNA replication and subsequently prevents the ligation of the nucleotide strand after double-strand breakage. Doxorubicin also forms oxygen free radicals resulting in cytotoxicity secondary to lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipids; the formation of oxygen free radicals also contributes to the toxicity of the anthracycline antibiotics, namely the cardiac and cutaneous vascular effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"14-Hydroxydaunorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Hydroxyacetyldaunorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8, 9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-, hydrochloride, (8S-cis)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-,hydrochloride, (8S-cis)-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADRIAMYCIN, HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Adriacin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriacin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Adriamycin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriamycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriamycin PFS","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriamycin PFS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Adriamycin RDF","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriamycin RDF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Adriamycin hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Adriamycine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriblastina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adriblastina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Adriblastine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrimedac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chloridrato de Doxorrubicina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOXO-CELL","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Doxolem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin.HCl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Doxorubin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FI 106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"FI-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Farmiblastina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Lyxo-hexopyranoside, 3b-glycol-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-3,5,12-trihydroxy-10-methoxy-6,11-dioxo-1a-naphthacenyl 3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-, hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rubex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rubex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"doxorubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hydroxydaunorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"123127"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0546861"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"25316-40-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Carcinomas of breast, thyroid, gastric, ovarian, bronchogenic, head and neck, prostate, cervical, pancreatic, uterine, hepatic, and transitional cell bladder carcinomas."},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Wilms' tumor; neuroblastoma; soft tissue and bone sarcomas; small cell carcinoma of the lung; lymphomas; multiple myeloma; mesotheliomas; germ cell tumors of the ovary or testis."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"82F2G7BL4E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38860"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38860"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO11.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Doxorubicin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1853":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin Prodrug L-377,202","code":"C1853","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A prodrug in which a peptide is covalently conjugated with the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. This complex is hydrolyzed by the enzyme prostate-specific antigen (PSA), resulting in the formation of doxorubicin and leucine-doxorubicin. Selective targeting of these drugs to prostate tumor cells occurs because the hydrolyzing PSA enzyme is localized to the prostate gland. Doxorubicin and leucine-doxorubicin intercalate into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. These agents also produce toxic free-radical intermediates and interact with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 10-((3-(((4R)-1-(4-carboxy-1-oxobutyl)-4-hydroxy-L-prolyl-L-alanyl-L-seryl-(2S)-2-cyclohexylglycyl-L-glutaminyl-L-seryl-L-leucyl)amino)-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-, (8S,10S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin Prodrug L-377,202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-377,202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"L-377202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879383"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"207395-85-5"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37792"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37792"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"L-377_202"}]}}{"C82419":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin-Eluting Beads","code":"C82419","definitions":[{"description":"A drug-device combination product consisting of small polymeric beads impregnated with the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. The beads consist of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microspheres modified with sulfonic acid groups and loaded with doxorubicin. During transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), doxorubicin-eluting beads embolize to the tumor vasculature and release cytotoxic doxorubicin, which may result in both ischemic necrosis of tumor tissue due to mechanical blockage of the tumor vasculature and doxorubicin-mediated inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Doxorubicin-Eluting Beads","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-Eluting Beads","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-Eluting Beads","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413528"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637761"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637761"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Doxorubicin-Eluting_Beads"}]}}{"C1366":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin-HPMA Conjugate","code":"C1366","definitions":[{"description":"A copolymer conjugate of the antineoplastic anthracycline doxorubicin and the water-soluble polymer N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA). Doxorubicin, an intercalator and a topoisomerase II inhibitor, prevents DNA replication and ultimately inhibits protein synthesis. This agent also generates oxygen free radicals, resulting in cytotoxic lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipid. HPMA conjugation enhances the permeability and retention of this agent within the tumor vasculature. Poorly cleared by the lymphatic system, this formulation undergoes increased cleavage by tumor cell lysosomal proteinases, resulting in increased, sustained intracellular concentrations of free doxorubicin. Compared to other doxorubicin-containing formulations, this formulation may exhibit an improved toxicity profile due to the lower concentrations of free doxorubicin to which non-malignant tissues are exposed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Doxorubicin-HPMA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-HPMA Conjugate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-HPMA Copolymer Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPMA-Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P(GFLG)-ADR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PK1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0114882"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42904"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42904"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Doxorubicin-HPMA_Conjugate"}]}}{"C128897":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin-loaded EGFR-targeting Nanocells","code":"C128897","definitions":[{"description":"A nanocell formulation targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) using bispecific antibodies (bsAb) against EGFR and containing the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of doxorubicin-loaded EGFR-targeting nanocells, the nanocells are stable in the bloodstream and the anti-EGFR bsAb moiety targets and binds to EGFR-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, the nanocell allows for specific delivery of doxorubicin to tumor cells overexpressing EGFR. Upon endocytosis by the tumor cells, the nanocell is broken down and releases doxorubicin, which intercalates into DNA and interferes with topoisomerase II activity, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis. Compared to doxorubicin alone or liposomal doxorubicin, targeted delivery of doxorubicin improves efficacy while lowering the toxicity profile. EGFR, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in many cancer cell types. The nanocell is a bacterially derived nanosphere; the bacterial components are unlikely to induce an immune response in the immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Doxorubicin-loaded EGFR-targeting Nanocell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-loaded EGFR-targeting Nanocells","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-loaded EGFR-targeting Nanocells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR (Vectibix Sequence)-Targeted EnGeneIC Dream Vectors Containing Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR(V)-EDV-Dox","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR-targeted EnGeneIC Dream Vectors Containing Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512145"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782631"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782631"}]}}{"C2644":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin-Magnetic Targeted Carrier Complex","code":"C2644","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin in which doxorubicin is bound to microscopic beads of activated carbon and iron as a magnetic-targeted carrier (MTC). Doxorubicin, an intercalator and a topoisomerase II inhibitor, prevents DNA replication and ultimately inhibits protein synthesis. This agent also generates oxygen free radicals, resulting in cytotoxic lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipids. Guided by the placement of a magnet on the body surface overlying a tumor site, the doxorubicin-MTC complex delivers doxorubicin directly to the tumor site, thereby targeting and prolonging the duration of doxorubicin-mediated cytotoxicity to the tumor bed while minimizing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DOX-MTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-Magnetic Targeted Carrier Complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTC-DOX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134452"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38388"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38388"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Doxorubicin-Magnetic_Targeted_Carrier_Complex"}]}}{"C120213":{"preferredName":"DPT/BCG/Measles/Serratia/Pneumococcus Vaccine","code":"C120213","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary lipid emulsion containing five vaccines: diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DPT), Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), measles, Serratia marcescens and pneumococcal, with potential immunostimulating activity. Subcutaneous administration of the DPT/BCG/measles/Serratia/pneumococcus vaccine activates the immune system and may both abrogate tumor-induced immune tolerance and induce an antitumor immune response, which may eradicate the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DPT/BCG/Measles/Serratia/Pneumococcus Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G250 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3890943"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768355"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768355"}]}}{"C120214":{"preferredName":"DPT/Typhoid/Staphylococcus aureus/Paratyphoid A/Paratyphoid B Vaccine","code":"C120214","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary lipid emulsion containing five vaccines: diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DPT), typhoid, Staphylococcus aureus, paratyphoid A and paratyphoid B, with potential immunostimulating activity. Subcutaneous administration of the DPT/typhoid/Staphylococcus aureus/paratyphoid A/paratyphoid B vaccine activates the immune system and may both abrogate tumor-induced immune tolerance and induce an antitumor immune response, which may eradicate the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DPT/Typhoid/Staphylococcus aureus/Paratyphoid A/Paratyphoid B Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3899464"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768356"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768356"}]}}{"C131494":{"preferredName":"DPX-E7 HPV Vaccine","code":"C131494","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic vaccine composed of a synthetic peptide consisting of amino acids 11 through 19 of the viral oncoprotein human papillomavirus (HPV) subtype 16 E7 (HPV16-E7 11-19), with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Immunization with the DPX-E7 HPV vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the HPV16-E7 protein. HPV type 16 plays a key role in the carcinogenesis of certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DPX E7","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DPX-E7","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DPX-E7 HPV Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DPX-E7 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV16-E7 11-19 Nanomer Vaccine DPX-E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV16-E7 11-19 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV16-E711-19 Peptide Vaccine DPX-E7","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514623"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785825"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785825"}]}}{"C153259":{"preferredName":"Tilogotamab","code":"C153259","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic hexamer formation-enhanced mixture of two antibodies (HexaBody) that target two separate epitopes on death receptor type 5 (DR5; TNFRSF10B; tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2; TRAILR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tilogotamab specifically binds to and activates DR5. This results in the activation of caspase cascades and the induction of apoptosis in DR5-expressing tumor cells. DR5, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is involved in the promotion of caspase-dependent apoptosis. Compared to other DR5 antibody-based agonists, the antibodies in GEN1029 (DR5-01 and DR5-05) elicit increased receptor activation because they exhibit enhanced formation of antibody hexamers and receptor clusters at the cell surface due to E430G mutations in the Fc domains of both antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DR5 HexaBody Agonist GEN1029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN 1029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN1029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HexaBody-DR5-01/DR5-05","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HexaBody-DR5/DR5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hx-DR5-01/05","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TILOGOTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tilogotamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tilogotamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554487"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2109731-10-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1BU5EGF80S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794053"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794053"}]}}{"C116886":{"preferredName":"DR5-targeting Tetrameric Nanobody Agonist TAS266","code":"C116886","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic tetravalent nanobody, in which the four single, high affinity heavy chain variable domain (VHH) antibodies are separated by a peptide linker, targeting death receptor type 5 (DR5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DR5-targeting tetrameric nanobody agonist TAS266, with its four DR5-specific single-chain antibodies, specifically binds to and activates DR5 receptors. This results in the activation of caspase cascades and induction of apoptosis in DR5-expressing tumor cells. DR5, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-receptor superfamily, triggers apoptosis. Compared to certain anti-DR5 antibody agonists, TAS266 shows increased receptor activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DR5-targeting Tetrameric Nanobody Agonist TAS266","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DR5-targeting Tetrameric Nanobody Agonist TAS266","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS266","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetrameric Nanobody Agonist-targeting death receptor 5 TAS266","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433974"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"725486"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"725486"}]}}{"C1077":{"preferredName":"Dromostanolone Propionate","code":"C1077","definitions":[{"description":"The propionate salt form of dromostanolone, a synthetic anabolic steroid related to dihydrotestosterone that has antiestrogenic effects. Dromostanolone inhibits the growth of estrogen receptor-presenting breast cancers; its virilizing effects limit its clinical usefulness. 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Dual IGF-IR/InsR inhibitor BMS-754807 binds reversibly to and inhibits the activities of IGF-1R and InsR, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF-1R and InsR tyrosine kinases, overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, play significant roles in mitogenesis, angiogenesis, and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-754807","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-754807","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dual IGF-1R/InsR Inhibitor BMS-754807","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dual IGF-1R/InsR Inhibitor BMS-754807","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346450"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1001350-96-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W9E3353E8J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583260"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583260"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H26FN9O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"IGF1R_Antagonist_BMS-754807"}]}}{"C116750":{"preferredName":"Dilpacimab","code":"C116750","definitions":[{"description":"A dual-specific, tetravalent immunoglobulin (Ig) G-like molecule targeting two as of yet not publicly known targets, with potential antineoplastic activity. The target-binding variable domains of two monoclonal antibodies, which are not publicly known, are combined, via linkers, to create the tetravalent, dual-targeting single agent ABT-165. Upon administration of dual variable domain immunoglobulin (DVD-Ig) ABT-165, the target-binding variable domains specifically recognize and simultaneously bind to their two antigens expressed on tumor cells. This may both prevent antigen-mediated signaling and lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. The antigen targets are overexpressed on certain tumor cell types. The DVD-Ig may have enhanced physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties as compared to their antibody counterparts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-165","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DILPACIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"DVD-Ig ABT-165","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dilpacimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dilpacimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin, Anti-(Notch Ligand DLL4/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) (Synthetic Human PR-1283233 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Synthetic Human PR-1283233 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-1283233","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10863","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471747"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1791420-09-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F27LAH6D5O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753544"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753544"}]}}{"C136983":{"preferredName":"Obrindatamab","code":"C136983","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-bearing humanized bispecific dual-affinity re-targeting (DART) protein composed of Fv regions derived from monoclonal antibodies against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of obrindatamab, the anti-B7-H3 component targets and binds to the cell surface antigen B7-H3; at the same time, the anti-CD3 component binds to human CD3. This cross-links the T-cells to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells, activates and redirects endogenous T-cells to kill B7-H3-expressing tumor cells, and inhibits proliferation of B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. B7-H3, a type I transmembrane protein and a member of the B7 co-stimulatory protein superfamily, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types and on various immune cells but is minimally expressed by normal human tissues. B7-H3 is a negative regulator of T-cell activation and its overexpression plays a key role in immuno-evasion, tumor cell invasion and metastasis, and its expression is correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B7-H3 x CD3 DART Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B7-H3 x CD3 Dual-affinity Re-targeting Protein MGD009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DART Protein MGD009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual-affinity B7-H3/CD3-targeted Protein MGD009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD 009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD-009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBRINDATAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Obrindatamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Obrindatamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524772"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2069959-72-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YE8XXF1SDZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789782"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789782"}]}}{"C127116":{"preferredName":"Dubermatinib","code":"C127116","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL (UFO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, dubermatinib targets and binds to AXL and prevents its activity. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways and inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which, in turn, inhibits tumor cell proliferation and migration. In addition, TP-0903 enhances chemo-sensitivity to certain other chemotherapeutic agents. AXL, a member of the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases and overexpressed by many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis; its expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-((5-Chloro-2-((4-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl)phenyl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUBERMATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dubermatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dubermatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP 0903","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP-0903","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP0903","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507906"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1341200-45-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"14D65TV20J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780923"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780923"}]}}{"C1062":{"preferredName":"Duborimycin","code":"C1062","definitions":[{"description":"An anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic with therapeutic effects similar to those of doxorubicin. Duborimycin exhibits cytotoxic activity through topoisomerase-mediated interaction with DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. 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Dulanermin binds to and activates TRAIL receptors 1 and 2 (TRAIL-R1/R2), which may activate caspases and induce p53-independent apoptosis in TRAIL-R1/R2-expressing tumor cells. The pro-apoptotic cell surface receptors TRAIL-R1 and -R2, also known as DR4 (death receptor 4) and DR5 (death receptor 5), are members of the TNF receptor family and are overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"114-281-protein TRAIL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG 951","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APO2L/TRAIL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DULANERMIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dulanermin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dulanermin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG3639","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rTRAIL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0385242"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"867153-61-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L65E7T81M5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564398"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564398"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C871H1329N243O260S4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_TNF-Related_Apoptosis-Inducing_Ligand"}]}}{"C116628":{"preferredName":"Duligotuzumab","code":"C116628","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against both human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3 or ERBB3) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Duligotuzumab binds to both EGFR and HER3 and inhibits their activation. This may prevent EGFR/HER3-mediated signaling and inhibit EGFR/HER3-dependent tumor cell proliferation. In addition, MEHD7945A induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against EGR/HER3-expressing tumor cells. EGFR and HER3, members of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, are frequently overexpressed in tumors; their expression is associated with both poor prognosis and drug resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DULIGOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Duligotumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duligotuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Duligotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEHD 7945A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEHD-7945A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEHD7945A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7597","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3490133"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1312797-14-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8PMF8YQX2T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686389"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686389"}]}}{"C162455":{"preferredName":"Dupilumab","code":"C162455","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human monoclonal immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) antibody directed against the alpha chain of the interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R alpha) with potential immunomodulatory activities. Upon injection, dupilumab selectively binds to the IL-4R alpha chain. This disrupts IL-4/IL-13 signaling and prevents the activation of downstream pathways that mediate type 2 inflammation and may potentially inhibit tumor cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis. IL-4 and IL-13 receptors are present on the surface of numerous cells involved in the pathophysiology of type-2 helper T-cell (Th2) allergic responses, including B-lymphocytes, eosinophils, dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes, macrophages, basophils, keratinocytes, bronchial epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and airway smooth muscle cells. Additionally, both IL-4 and IL-13 receptors are overexpressed in a variety of cancers and IL-4 and IL-13 and may serve as biomarkers for cancer aggressiveness. IL-4 and IL-13 are thought to be key regulatory cytokines in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and may play a role in the activation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that mediate tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DUPILUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dupilumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dupilumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dupixent","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 231893","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-231893","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR231893","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3660996"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1190264-60-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"420K487FSG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798743"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798743"}]}}{"C103194":{"preferredName":"Durvalumab","code":"C103194","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against B7H1 (B7 homolog 1; programmed cell death ligand 1) with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon intravenous administration, durvalumab binds to the cell surface antigen B7H1, thereby blocking B7H1 signaling. This may activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against B7H1-expressing tumor cells. B7H1, a member of the B7 protein superfamily and a negative regulator of cytokine synthesis, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DURVALUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Durvalumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Durvalumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imfinzi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Protein B7-H1) (Human Monoclonal MEDI4736 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal MEDI4736 Kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-4736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI4736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641122"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma; unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"28X28X9OKV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740856"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740856"}]}}{"C82683":{"preferredName":"Dusigitumab","code":"C82683","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 (IGF-1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Dusigitumab inhibits IGF1- and IGF2-stimulated activation of membrane-bound IGF receptors and the subsequent triggering of proliferation and survival signaling pathways. This may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF1/2 ligands stimulate cell proliferation, enable oncogenic transformation, and suppress apoptosis; IGF1/2 signaling has been highly implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1/2 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-573","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUSIGITUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dusigitumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dusigitumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G2, Anti-(Human Insulin-like Growth Factor I/Insulin-like Growth Factor II); Human Monoclonal MEDI-573 gamma Heavy Chain (134-216')-Disulfide with Human Monoclonal MEDI-573 lambda Light Chain Dimer (222-222'':223-223'':226-226'':229-229'')-Tetrakisdisulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830209"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1204390-13-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0Z70DT5PRX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633311"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633311"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-IGF_1_2_Monoclonal_Antibody_MEDI-573"}]}}{"C116885":{"preferredName":"dUTPase/DPD Inhibitor TAS-114","code":"C116885","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both deoxyuridine triphosphatase (dUTPase) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), with potential antineoplastic adjuvant activity. Upon oral administration in combination with a prodrug of the pyrimidine antagonist 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), TAS-114 inhibits (DPD), the liver enzyme responsible for rapid catabolism of 5-FU into inactive metabolites. This prevents first-pass metabolism of 5-FU, allowing oral administration of the 5-FU prodrug and increasing the efficacy of 5-FU. In addition, as a dUTPase inhibitor, TAS-114 enhances the antitumor activity of 5-FU by preventing the hydrolysis and breakdown of 5-fluoro-deoxyuridine triphosphate (FdUTP) and deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP), which are active metabolites of 5-FU. This promotes DNA polymerase-dependent incorporation of these antimetabolites into DNA and leads to DNA damage and tumor cell death. Co-administration with TAS-114 allows lower dosing of 5-FU prodrugs, which decreases 5-FU-related toxicity, while maintaining therapeutic levels of 5-FU at the tumor site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TAS-114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dUTPase/DPD Inhibitor TAS-114","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"dUTPase/DPD Inhibitor TAS-114","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446618"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735151"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735151"}]}}{"C99225":{"preferredName":"Duvelisib","code":"C99225","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, highly selective and potent small molecule inhibitor of the delta and gamma isoforms of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, duvelisib prevents the activation of the PI3K delta/gamma-mediated signaling pathways which may lead to a reduction in cellular proliferation in PI3K delta/gamma-expressing tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, the delta and gamma isoforms are overexpressed primarily in hematologic malignancies and inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. By selectively targeting these PI3K isoforms, PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells is minimally or not affected which would result in a more favorable side effect profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1(2H)-Isoquinolinone, 8-Chloro-2-phenyl-3-((1S)-1-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)ethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-Chloro-2-phenyl-3-((1S)-1-(7H-purin-6-ylamino)ethyl)isoquinolin-1(2H)-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copiktra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUVELISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Duvelisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Duvelisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INK-1197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274621"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1201438-56-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) and follicular lymphoma (FL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"610V23S0JI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"718963"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"718963"}]}}{"C122406":{"preferredName":"Duvortuxizumab","code":"C122406","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-CD19/anti-CD3 bispecific, humanized antibody-like protein, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Duvortuxizumab possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD19, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of B-cells. Upon administration, duvortuxizumab binds to CD3-expressing T-cells and CD19-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CD19-expressing tumor B-cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in a potent CTL-mediated cell lysis of CD19-expressing B-lymphocytes. CD19, a B-cell specific membrane antigen, is expressed during normal B-cell development and on B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD19 x CD3 DART Protein JNJ-64052781","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUVORTUXIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Duvortuxizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Duvortuxizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-64052781","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RES192M1.2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hBU12(2.4)-hXR32-MP3 M1.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053583"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1831098-91-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J545GSE96Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772810"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772810"}]}}{"C1928":{"preferredName":"Dynemicin","code":"C1928","definitions":[{"description":"An antitumor antibiotic of the enediyne class. It has demonstrated high DNA cleavage activity in the presence of NADPH, antimicrobial and tumor growth-inhibiting properties. Dynemicin recognizes and cleaves conformationally flexible regions of DNA. It attacks bases at 3'-side of purine residues such as 5'-AG, 5'-AT, and 5'-GC sequences. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dynemicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512097"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dynemicin"}]}}{"C1079":{"preferredName":"Dynemicin A","code":"C1079","definitions":[{"description":"An enediyne antineoplastic antibiotic hybrid containing an anthraquinone moiety isolated from the bacterium Micromonospora chersina. The anthraquinone moiety intercalates into DNA and the benzene diradical intermediate of the enediyne core binds to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in double-strand breaks in DNA, inhibition of DNA replication and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DYNEMICIN A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Dynemicin A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0058837"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"124412-57-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D3G8N2863A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dynemicin_A"}]}}{"C64767":{"preferredName":"E2F1 Pathway Activator ARQ 171","code":"C64767","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation E2F1 pathway activator with potential antineoplastic activity. ARQ 171 induces the expression of E2F transcription factor 1, thereby activating the E2F1-mediated checkpoint process. E2F1, down-regulated in cancer cells, regulates expression of genes involved in the cell cycle progression from G1 into S phase. The G1/S checkpoint process selectively induces cell cycle arrest in cancer cells with irreparable DNA damages and triggers subsequent apoptosis, while allowing cell division to proceed in cells without or with minor reparable DNA damage. As a result, this agent exerts anti-tumor activity through checkpoint activation independent of p53 mediated tumor suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARQ 171","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E2F1 Pathway Activator ARQ 171","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832018"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529342"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529342"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ARQ_171"}]}}{"C159410":{"preferredName":"EBNA-1 inhibitor VK-2019","code":"C159410","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, EBNA-1 inhibitor VK-2019 binds to EBNA-1 and inhibits EBNA-1 DNA binding activity. This disrupts the replication, maintenance and segregation of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome, which may lead to tumor cell death in EBV-associated malignancies. EBNA1, a sequence-specific DNA binding protein, plays an important role in EBV episomal genome maintenance and gene transactivation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EBNA-1 inhibitor VK-2019","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EBNA-1 inhibitor VK-2019","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Nuclear Antigen 1 Inhibitor VK-2019","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VK 2019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VK-2019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VK2019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951268"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797645"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797645"}]}}{"C462":{"preferredName":"Echinomycin","code":"C462","definitions":[{"description":"A polypeptide quinoxaline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces echinatus. Echinomycin intercalates into DNA at two locations simultaneously in a sequence-specific fashion, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRN 0078671","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bis-Quinoline Analogue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECHINOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Echinomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Echinomycin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Levomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N'-(2,4,12,15,17,25-hexamethyl-11,24-bis(1-methylethyl)-27-(methylthio)-3,6,10,13,16,19,23,26-octaoxo-9,22-dioxa-28-thia-2,5,12,15,18,25-hexaazabicyclo(12.12.3)nonacosane-7,20-diyl)bis(2-quinoxalinecarboxamide)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Quinomycin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SK 302B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"526417"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013508"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"512-64-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TG824J6RQT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39587"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39587"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Echinomycin"}]}}{"C61095":{"preferredName":"Ecromeximab","code":"C61095","definitions":[{"description":"A low-fucose, human-mouse chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity targeting at the ganglioside GD3, a surface antigen expressed on many malignant melanoma cells. Monoclonal antibody KW-2871 binds to GD3-positive cells, thereby initiating antibody-dependent cytotoxicity against GD3-positive cells. This agent is prepared by fusing murine immunoglobulin (Ig) light and heavy variable regions derived from the murine IgG3 antibody KM-641 to a human constant (Fc) region. The low fucose content of the oligosaccharide side chains of this antibody may enhance binding of the antibody Fc region to lymphocyte Fc receptors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody KW-2871","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECROMEXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ecromeximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ecromeximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Gd3 Ganglioside) (Human-Mouse Monoclonal Km871 Gamma-1-Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mouse Monoclonal KM871 Kappa-Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KM871","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW-2871","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody KW-2871","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1669509"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"292819-64-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M76FX2JZRM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467926"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467926"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_KW-2871"}]}}{"C958":{"preferredName":"Edatrexate","code":"C958","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to a family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A polyglutamatable folate antagonist analogue of methotrexate with antineoplastic activity. Edatrexate inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, thereby increasing cellular levels of polyglutamates, inhibiting thymidylate synthase and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyl transferase, impairing synthesis of purine nucleotides and amino acids, and resulting in tumor cell death. Edatrexate may overcome tumor resistance to methotrexate, which loses its activity after it is polyglutamated. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"10-EDAM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"10-EdAM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"10-Ethyl-10-deaza-aminopterin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP-30694","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDAM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDATREXATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Edatrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-[1-[(2, 4-Diamino-6-pteridinyl)-methyl]propyl]benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-[4-[1-[(2,4-Diamino-6-pteridinyl)-methyl]propyl]benzoyl]-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"edatrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"626715"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0044667"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"80576-83-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JT4X6Z1HRR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40887"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40887"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H25N7O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Edatrexate"}]}}{"C956":{"preferredName":"Edelfosine","code":"C956","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic analog of lysophosphatidylcholine, an ether lipid, possessing anti-leishmanial and antineoplastic activity. The mechanism of action for edelfosine has not been fully elucidated. Targeting cellular membranes, edelfosine modulates membrane permeability, membrane lipid composition, and phospholipid metabolism. Edelfosine also inhibits the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)-AKT/PKB survival pathway, possibly activating the pro-apoptotic stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK/JNK) pathways, thereby inducing apoptosis. In addition, this agent inhibits protein kinase C, intracellular activation of the Fas/CD95 receptor, and intracellular acidification. Anti-leishmanial activity may be due to inhibition of a glycosomal alkyl-specific-acylCoA acyltransferase. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-O-Octadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Octadecyl-2-methoxy-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"EDELFOSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ET-18-OCH3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Edelfosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Edelfosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Edelfosinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Et-18-OCH3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"324368"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0044549"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"70641-51-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1Y6SNA8L5S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41814"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41814"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H58NO6P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Edelfosine"}]}}{"C2665":{"preferredName":"Edotecarin","code":"C2665","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of topoisomerase I inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic indolocarbazole with antineoplastic activity. Edotecarin inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase I through stabilization of the DNA-enzyme complex and enhanced single-strand DNA cleavage, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and decreased tumor cell proliferation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-N-(1-hydroxymethyla-2-hydroxy)ethylamino-12,13-dihydro-13-(beta-D-gluco pyranosyl)-5H-indolo[2,3-a]-pyrrolol[3,4-c]-carbazole-5,7(6H)-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDOTECARIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Edotecarin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"J-107088","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"J-107088","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"J107088","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"edotecarin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328673"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"174402-32-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1V8X590XDP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38537"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38537"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H28N4O11"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Edotecarin"}]}}{"C1554":{"preferredName":"Edrecolomab","code":"C1554","definitions":[{"description":"A type of monoclonal antibody used in cancer detection or therapy. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A murine monoclonal IgG2a antibody to tumor-associated epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM, or 17-1A) antigen. Edrecolomab attaches to EpCAM, a human cell surface glycoprotein that is found on normal epithelial cells and some tumor cells, such as those of colon and breast carcinomas. Upon binding, this agent recruits the body's immune effector cells, which may exhibit antitumor cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EDRECOLOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Edrecolomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Edrecolomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G2A (Mouse Monoclonal 17-1A Gamma-Chain Anti-Human Colon Cancer Tumor-Associated Antigen), Disulfide With Mouse Monoclonal 17-1A Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOAB 17-1A","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 17-1A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panorex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"edrecolomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"377963"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279218"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"156586-89-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0KYI9U9FSJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39352"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39352"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Edrecolomab"}]}}{"C133819":{"preferredName":"EED Inhibitor MAK683","code":"C133819","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of embryonic ectoderm development protein (EED) and allosteric inhibitor of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MAK683 selectively binds to the domain of EED that interacts with trimethylated lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3), which leads to a conformational change in the EED H3K27me3-binding pocket and prevents the interaction of EED with the histone methyltransferase enhancer zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). Disruption of the EED-EZH2 protein-protein interaction (PPI) results in a loss of H3K27me3-stimulated PRC2 activity and prevents H3K27 trimethylation. This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased tumor cell proliferation in EZH2-mutated and PRC2-dependent cancer cells. PRC2, a histone H3 lysine 27 methyltransferase and multi-protein complex comprised of EZH2, EED and suppressor of zeste 12 (SUZ12), plays a key role in gene regulation, especially during embryonic development. EZH2, the catalytic subunit of PRC2, is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells. EED is essential for the histone methyltransferase activity of PRC2 because EED directly binds to H3K27me3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EED Inhibitor MAK683","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EED Inhibitor MAK683","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EED PPI Inhibitor MAK683","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EED Protein-protein Interaction Inhibitor MAK683","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ectodermal Embryonic Development Inhibitor MAK683","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAK 683","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAK683","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521741"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788547"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788547"}]}}{"C83819":{"preferredName":"Efatutazone","code":"C83819","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable thiazolidinedione and an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) with potential antineoplastic activity. Efatutazone binds to and activates PPAR-gamma thus inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis, leading to a reduction in cellular proliferation. PPAR-gamma is a nuclear hormone receptor and a ligand-activated transcription factor that controls the expression of genes involved in macromolecule metabolism and cell differentiation, specifically adipocyte differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Thiazolidinedione, 5-((4-((6-(4-Amino-3,5-Dimethylphenoxy)-1-Methyl-1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl)Methoxy)Phenyl)Methyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EFATUTAZONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Efatutazone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inolitazone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rac-5-((4-((6-(4-Amino-3,5-Dimethylphenoxy)-1-Methyl-1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl)Methoxy)Phenyl)Methyl)-1,3-Thiazolidine-2,4-Dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827204"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"223132-37-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M17ILL71MC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H26N4O4S"}]}}{"C64764":{"preferredName":"Efatutazone Dihydrochloride","code":"C64764","definitions":[{"description":"The dihydrochloride salt of efatutazone, an orally bioavailable agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) with potential antineoplastic activity. Efatutazone binds to and activates PPAR-gamma, a nuclear hormone receptor and a ligand-activated transcription factor controling gene expression involved in macromolecule metabolism and cell differentiation, specifically adipocyte differentiation. Mediated through activation of PPAR-gamma, this agent is capable of inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis, thereby leading to a reduction in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-thiazolidinedione, 5-((4-((6-(4-amino-3,5-dimethylphenoxy)-1-methyl-1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)methoxy)phenyl)methyl)-, Hydrochloride (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-7017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EFATUTAZONE DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Efatutazone Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Efatutazone Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inolitazone Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1721778"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"223132-38-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"76B44WEA8O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529846"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529846"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H26N4O4S.2ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CS-7017"}]}}{"C118282":{"preferredName":"Efizonerimod","code":"C118282","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic monoclonal antibody against receptor OX40 (CD134), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, efizonerimod selectively binds to and activates the OX40 receptor, by mimicking the action of endogenous OX40 ligand (OX40L). OX40 receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response against the TAA-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EFIZONERIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Efizonerimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Efizonerimod Alfa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4 (10-proline) (Human Heavy Chain Fc Fragment) Fusion Protein with Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-associated Factor TRAF2 (Human C-C Domain Fragment) Fusion Protein with CD252 Antigen (Human Extracellular Domain Fragment), Hexamer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI6383","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474134"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1635395-27-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1MH7C2X8KE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764233"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764233"}]}}{"C226":{"preferredName":"Eflornithine","code":"C226","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the prevention of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antiprotozoals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A difluoromethylated ornithine compound with antineoplastic activity. Eflornithine irreversibly inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, an enzyme required for polyamine biosynthesis, thereby inhibiting the formation and proliferation of tumor cells. Polyamines are involved in nucleosome oligomerization and DNA conformation, creating a chromatin environment that stimulates neoplastic transformation of cells. This agent has been shown to induce apoptosis in leiomyoma cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(Difluoromethyl)-DL-ornithine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Difluoromethylornithine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-Difluoromethylornithine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D,L-alpha-Difluoromethylornithine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DFMO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DFMO","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Difluoromethylornithine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Difluromethylornithine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EFLORNITHINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eflornithine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eflornithine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"difluoromethylornithine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"eflornithine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0002260"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"70052-12-9"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"67037-37-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hirsutism, facial; Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (sleeping sickness) infection"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZQN1G5V6SR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39754"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39754"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H12F2N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eflornithine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:41948"}]}}{"C1579":{"preferredName":"Eflornithine Hydrochloride","code":"C1579","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride form of eflornithine, a difluoromethylated ornithine compound with antineoplastic activity. Eflornithine irreversibly inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, an enzyme required for polyamine biosynthesis, thereby inhibiting the formation and proliferation of tumor cells. Polyamines are involved in nucleosome oligomerization and DNA conformation, creating a chromatin environment that stimulates neoplastic transformation of cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(Difluoromethyl)-dl-ornithine Hydrochloride, Monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Difluoromethyl-dl-ornithine, Monohydrochloride, Monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EFLORNITHINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eflornithine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eflornithine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eflornithine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Eflornithine.HCl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"MDL 71782","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ornidyl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RMI-71782","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaniqa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-Difluoromethylornithine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"337250"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"270295"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0282042"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"96020-91-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4NH22NDW9H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39754"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39754"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H12F2N2O2.HCl.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eflornithine_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C62509":{"preferredName":"Eftilagimod Alpha","code":"C62509","definitions":[{"description":"A T-cell immunostimulatory factor, derived from the soluble form of the lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, alone or in combination with tumor antigens, eftilagimod alpha binds with high affinity to MHC class II molecules expressed by dendritic cells (DC), potentially resulting in DC maturation, DC migration to lymph nodes, enhanced DC cross-presentation of antigens to T cells, and antitumor cytotoxic T cell responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EFTILAGIMOD ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eftilagimod Alpha","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eftilagimod Alpha","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMP321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immufact","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1739076"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1800476-36-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SJ82PK3HWA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496939"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496939"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"IMP321"}]}}{"C90557":{"preferredName":"Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor 4SC-205","code":"C90557","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of the human kinesin-related motor protein Eg5 with potential antineoplastic activity. Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein inhibitor 4SC-205 selectively inhibits the activity of Eg5, which may result in mitotic disruption, apoptosis and cell death. The ATP-dependent Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein (also known as KIF11 or kinesin spindle protein-5) is a plus-end directed kinesin motor protein essential for the regulation of spindle dynamics, including assembly and maintenance, during mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4SC 205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SC-205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SC205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eg5 Kinesin Inhibitor 4SC-205","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor 4SC-205","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416241"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666188"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666188"}]}}{"C82694":{"preferredName":"Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor ARQ 621","code":"C82694","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of the kinesin-related motor protein Eg5 with potential antineoplastic activity. Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein inhibitor ARQ 621 selectively inhibits the activity of Eg5, which may result in mitotic disruption, apoptosis and cell death. The ATP-dependent Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein (also known as KIF11 or kinesin spindle protein-5) is a plus-end directed kinesin motor protein involved in the regulation of spindle dynamics, including assembly and maintenance, during mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARQ 621","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor ARQ 621","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eg5 inhibitor ARQ 621","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388484"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"634612"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"634612"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eg5_Kinesin-Related_Motor_Protein_Inhibitor_ARQ_621"}]}}{"C26646":{"preferredName":"EGb761","code":"C26646","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the prevention of cognitive dysfunction (slowed ability to think, reason, concentrate, or remember) in patients receiving chemotherapy. It comes from ginkgo biloba leaves.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A standardized ginkgo biloba extract with antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. EGb761 has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of certain tumor cells in vitro. 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This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EGFR Antagonist Hemay022","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Inhibitor Hemay022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemay022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053636"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775380"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775380"}]}}{"C156732":{"preferredName":"EGFR Antisense DNA BB-401","code":"C156732","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, plasmid DNA expression vector encoding a 39 nucleotide (nt) short hairpin RNA (shRNA) specific for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral administration, the EGFR antisense DNA BB-401 is taken up by tumor cells and shRNA is transcribed. The shRNA is converted into small interfering RNA (siRNA) via the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. The siRNA targets and binds to EGFR RNA expressed by tumor cells. This blocks EGFR mRNA translation and prevents EGFR protein expression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR ddRNAi BB-401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB 401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB-401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Antisense DNA BB-401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ddRNAi BB-401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935856"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795589"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795589"}]}}{"C118289":{"preferredName":"Zorifertinib","code":"C118289","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zorifertinib binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR as well as certain mutant forms of EGFR. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, and may lead to both induction of cell death and inhibition of tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD3759","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZORIFERTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zorifertinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zorifertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896908"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1626387-80-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"67SX9H68W2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764365"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764365"}]}}{"C2539":{"preferredName":"EGFR Inhibitor BIBX 1382","code":"C2539","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that may inhibit tumor cells from multiplying. It is being studied for its ability to treat cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyrimido-pyrimidine with antitumor activity. BIBX 1382 inhibits the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) thus specifically reversing the aberrant enzymatic activity from overexpressed and constitutively activated EGFR, and subsequently inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIBX 1382","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIBX 1382","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BIBX1382","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Inhibitor BIBX 1382","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879286"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43568"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43568"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BIBX_1382"}]}}{"C153427":{"preferredName":"EGFR Inhibitor DBPR112","code":"C153427","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DBPR112 binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR as well certain mutant forms of EGFR, including EGFR L858R and EGFR T790M. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, and may lead to both induction of cell death and inhibition of tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DBPR 112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DBPR-112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DBPR112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Inhibitor DBPR112","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554867"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794067"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794067"}]}}{"C2727":{"preferredName":"EGFR Inhibitor PD-168393","code":"C2727","definitions":[{"description":"A quinazolone compound with anti-tumor activity. PD-168393 is a cell-permeable, irreversible, and selective inhibitor of ligand-dependent epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR). This agent binds to the catalytic domain of EGFR with a 1:1 stoichiometry and inactivates the EGFR tyrosine kinase activity through alkylation of a cystine residue (Cys-773) within the ATP-binding pocket, thereby inhibiting proliferation of EGFR-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[(3-Bromophenyl)amino]-6-Acrylamidoquinazoline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Inhibitor PD-168393","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 168 393","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518781"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H13BrN4O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PD-168393"}]}}{"C154286":{"preferredName":"Rezivertinib","code":"C154286","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available third-generation and selective inhibitor of certain epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations, including the resistance mutations T790M and L858R, as well as exon 19 deletion, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, rezivertinib specifically and covalently binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutations, with particularly high selectivity against the T790M mutation, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, BPI-7711 may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance. This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type EGFR (wt EGFR), and does not cause dose-limiting toxicities that occur during the use of non-selective EGFR inhibitors, which also inhibit wt EGFR. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BPI 7711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI-7711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI7711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor BPI-7711","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REZIVERTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rezivertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555283"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1835667-12-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U65F5M6BD5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794290"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794290"}]}}{"C132023":{"preferredName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor CK-101","code":"C132023","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available third-generation and selective inhibitor of certain epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations, including the resistance mutation T790M, and the L858R and del 19 mutations, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the EGFR mutant-specific inhibitor CK-101 specifically and covalently binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutations, with particularly high selectivity against the T790M mutation, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, CK-101 may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance. This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type EGFR (WT EGFR), and does not cause dose-limiting toxicities that occur during the use of non-selective EGFR inhibitors, which also inhibit WT EGFR. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CK 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CK-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CK101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor CK-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor CK-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLAFERTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RX-518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521020"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1660963-42-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"708TLB8J3Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786517"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786517"}]}}{"C156773":{"preferredName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor D-0316","code":"C156773","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the EGFR mutant-specific inhibitor D-0316 specifically binds to and inhibits EGFR T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, D-0316 may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D 0316","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-0316","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D0316","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor D-0316","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935820"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795785"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795785"}]}}{"C153173":{"preferredName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor ZN-e4","code":"C153173","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of certain epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations, including the resistance mutation T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the EGFR mutant-specific inhibitor ZN-e4 specifically binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutations, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. Compared to other EGFR inhibitors, ZN-e4 may offer therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance and may limit toxicities associated with non-selective EGFR inhibitors. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor ZN-e4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor ZN-e4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZN e4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZN-e4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZNe4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554308"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793946"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793946"}]}}{"C131909":{"preferredName":"EGFR T790M Antagonist BPI-15086","code":"C131909","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR T790M antagonist BPI-15086 specifically binds to and inhibits EGFR T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BPI 15086","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI-15086","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI15086","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR T790M Antagonist BPI-15086","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR T790M Inhibitor BPI-15086","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520366"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786371"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786371"}]}}{"C133691":{"preferredName":"Almonertinib","code":"C133691","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, almonertinib binds to and inhibits EGFR T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR T790M, prevents EGFR T790M-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALMONERTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Almonertinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Almonertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor HS-10296","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HS-10296","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521177"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1899921-05-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T4RS462G19"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788548"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788548"}]}}{"C131492":{"preferredName":"EGFR/FLT3/Abl Inhibitor SKLB1028","code":"C131492","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, STK1, CD135 or FLK2), and the non-receptor tyrosine kinase ABL (Abl), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the EGFR/FLT3/Abl inhibitor SKLB1028 specifically binds to and inhibits EGFR, FLT3 and Abl, which interferes with the activation of EGFR-, FLT3- and Abl-mediated signal transduction pathways and reduces cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress EGFR, FLT3 and/or Abl. EGFR, EGFR and Abl are all overexpressed in a variety of cancers and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-Isopropyl-N2-(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl)-N8-(pyridin-3-yl)-9H-purine-2,8-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9H-Purine-2,8-diamine, 9-(1-Methylethyl)-N2-[4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)phenyl]-N8-3-pyridinyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR/FLT3/Abl Inhibitor SKLB1028","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor SKLB1028","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKLB 1028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKLB-1028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKLB1028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3501119"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1350544-93-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785726"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785726"}]}}{"C1871":{"preferredName":"EGFR/HER1/HER2 Inhibitor PKI166","code":"C1871","definitions":[{"description":"A pyrrolo-pyrimidine epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein kinase inhibitor with anti-tumor activity. PKI-166 reversibly inhibits HER1 and HER2 tyrosine kinases, belong to the epidermal growth factor receptor family, thereby inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGP 75166","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP 75166/PKI166","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP75166]","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR/HER1/HER2 Inhibitor PKI166","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKI-166","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKI166","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKI166","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0915195"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"187724-61-4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PKI166"}]}}{"C126752":{"preferredName":"Mobocertinib","code":"C126752","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of specific mutant forms of both human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mobocertinib specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits certain mutant forms of EGFR and HER2. This prevents EGFR- and HER2-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant- and HER2 mutant-expressing tumor cells. EGFR and HER2, receptor tyrosine kinases mutated in many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP 32788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP-32788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP32788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor TAK-788","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOBOCERTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mobocertinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mobocertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK 788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK788","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507888"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1847461-43-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"39HBQ4A67L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780088"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780088"}]}}{"C64627":{"preferredName":"EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor AV-412","code":"C64627","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation, orally bioavailable dual kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR/HER2 inhibitor AV-412 binds to and inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumors. This agent may be active against EGFR/HER2-expressing tumor cells that are resistant to first-generation kinase inhibitors. EGFR and HER2 are receptor tyrosine kinases that play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AV 412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AV-412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AV-412","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AV412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor AV-412","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor AV-412","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP 412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP-412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831968"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"451493-31-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z541VW0W40"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513167"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513167"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AV-412"}]}}{"C90589":{"preferredName":"EGFR/HER2 Kinase Inhibitor TAK-285","code":"C90589","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule and dual kinase inhibitor of human epidermal growth factor receptors 1 (EGFR/ErbB1) and 2 (HER2/ErbB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR/HER2 kinase inhibitor TAK-285 binds to and inhibits EGFR and HER2, which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumors. This agent may be active against EGFR/HER2-expressing tumor cells that are resistant to trastuzumab. EGFR and HER2, receptor tyrosine kinases overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. In addition, TAK-285 appears to pass the blood brain barrier (BBB) and does not appear to be a substrate for efflux pumps.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EGFR/HER2 Kinase Inhibitor TAK-285","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGFR/HER2 Kinase Inhibitor TAK-285","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-285","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983788"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573406"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573406"}]}}{"C67080":{"preferredName":"Eicosapentaenoic Acid","code":"C67080","definitions":[{"description":"A class of polyunsaturated fatty acids with 20 carbons and 5 double bonds.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"An essential, polyunsaturated, 20-carbon omega-3 fatty acid with anti-inflammatory and potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) may activate caspase 3, resulting in apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations. In addition, this agent may inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), resulting in inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and prostaglandin-mediated inflammatory processes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"All cis-5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Eicosapentaenoic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eicosapentaenoic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Eicosapentaenoic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fatty Acid 20:5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"IPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Icosapentaenoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Icosapentaenoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Timnodonic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0000545"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"25378-27-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537376"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537376"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H30O2"},{"name":"INFOODS","value":"F20D5"},{"name":"Unit","value":"g"},{"name":"Essential_Fatty_Acid","value":"Y"},{"name":"Nutrient","value":"Y"},{"name":"Macronutrient","value":"Y"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eicosapentaenoic_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:36006"}]}}{"C95740":{"preferredName":"eIF4E Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 183750","code":"C95740","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation antisense oligonucleotide targeting the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) with potential antitumor activity. Antisense oligonucleotide ISIS EIF4ERx suppresses the expression of eIF4E in fast dividing tumor cells. Blocking the expression of eIF4E results in inhibition of the synthesis of tumor angiogenic factors, thereby leading to the inhibition of cellular proliferation and apoptosis in tumor cells. eIF4E is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, is involved in the mRNA-ribosome binding step of eukaryotic protein synthesis and is the rate-limiting component of the eukaryotic translation apparatus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ISIS 183750","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2275796","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"eIF4E Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 183750","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"eIF4E Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 183750","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"eIF4E Inhibitor ISIS 183750","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"eIF4E Modulator ISIS 183750","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987390"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680421"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"680421"}]}}{"C120211":{"preferredName":"Elacestrant","code":"C120211","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) and selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), with potential antineoplastic and estrogen-like activities. Upon oral administration of higher doses of elacestrant, this agent acts as a SERD, which binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in the degradation of the receptor. This may inhibit the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. At lower doses of this agent, RAD1901 acts as a SERM and has estrogen-like effects in certain tissues, which can both reduce hot flashes and protect against bone loss. In addition, elacestrant is able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6R)-6-(2-(Ethyl((4-(2- (ethylamino)ethyl)phenyl)methyl)amino)-4-methoxyphenyl)- 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-ol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELACESTRANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ER-306323","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elacestrant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elacestrant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAD1901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD/SERM RAD1901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896781"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"722533-56-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FM6A2627A8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768338"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768338"}]}}{"C53401":{"preferredName":"Elacytarabine","code":"C53401","definitions":[{"description":"The lipophilic 5'-elaidic acid ester of the deoxycytidine analog cytosine arabinoside (cytarabine; Ara-C) with potential antineoplastic activity. As a prodrug, elacytarabine is converted intracellularly into cytarabine triphosphate by deoxycytidine kinase and subsequently competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Compared to cytarabine, elacytarabine shows increased cellular uptake and retention, resulting in increased activation by deoxycytidine kinase to cytarabine triphosphate, decreased deamination and deactivation by deoxycytidine deaminase, and increased inhibition of DNA synthesis. This agent also inhibits RNA synthesis, an effect not seen with cytarabine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-amino-1-[5-O-[(9E)-octadec-9-enoyl]-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-4055","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELACYTARABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elacyt","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elacytarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elacytarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707141"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"675837-43-1"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"188181-42-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TA7WJG93AR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"463939"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"463939"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H45N3O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CP-4055"}]}}{"C153373":{"preferredName":"Elagolix","code":"C153373","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, second-generation, non-peptide based, small molecule compound and selective gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH; LHRH) receptor antagonist, with potential hormone production inhibitory activity. Upon oral administration, elagolix competes with GnRH for receptor binding and inhibits GnRH receptor signaling in the anterior pituitary gland. This inhibits the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the release of testosterone. In women, inhibition of FSH and LH prevents the production of estrogen by the ovaries. Inhibition of GnRH signaling may treat or prevent symptoms of sex hormone-dependent disease states.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-620","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanoic Acid, 4-(((1R)-2-(5-(2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-((2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methyl)-3,6-dihydro-4-methyl-2,6-dioxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl)-1-phenylethyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELAGOLIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elagolix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBI 56418","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBI-56418","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orilissa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554529"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"834153-87-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"pain associated with endometriosis in women"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5B2546MB5Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793786"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793786"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Degarelix_Acetate"}]}}{"C159973":{"preferredName":"Elbasvir/Grazoprevir","code":"C159973","definitions":[{"description":"A fixed dose combination of elbasvir, an inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) non-structural protein 5A (NS5A), and grazoprevir, a second-generation inhibitor of the HCV NS3/4A serine protease, with activity against certain HCV genotypes. Upon oral administration of elbasvir/grazoprevir, elbasvir inhibits the activity of the NS5A protein, leading to disruption of the viral RNA replication complex, blockage of HCV RNA production, and inhibition of viral replication. Grazoprevir inhibits the NS3/4A serine protease enzyme, thereby disrupting the cleavage of the virally encoded polyprotein into mature proteins and preventing the formation of the viral replication complex. HCV is a small, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family; HCV infection is associated with the development of certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Elbasvir-Grazoprevir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elbasvir/Grazoprevir","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elbasvir/Grazoprevir","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grazoprevir-Elbasvir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grazoprevir/Elbasvir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8742/ MK-5172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zepatier","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4080453"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797922"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797922"}]}}{"C75291":{"preferredName":"Elesclomol","code":"C75291","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule bis(thio-hydrazide amide) with oxidative stress induction, pro-apoptotic, and potential antineoplastic activities. Elesclomol induces oxidative stress, creating high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide, in both cancer cells and normal cells. Because tumor cells have elevated levels of ROS compared to normal cells, the increase in oxidative stress beyond baseline levels elevates ROS beyond sustainable levels, exhausting tumor cell antioxidant capacity, which may result in the induction of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Normal cells are spared because the increase in the level of oxidative stress induced by this agent is below the threshold at which apoptosis is induced.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-N'-benzenecarbothioyl-3-(2-benzenecarbothioyl-2-methylhydrazinyl)-N'-methyl- oxopropanehydrazidide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELESCLOMOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elesclomol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elesclomol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanedioic Acid, Bis[2-methyl-2-(phenylthioxomethyl)hydrazide]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2608060"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"488832-69-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6UK191M53P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"377539"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"377539"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H20N4O2S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Elesclomol"}]}}{"C79840":{"preferredName":"Elesclomol Sodium","code":"C79840","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used in the treatment of skin cancer that has spread. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It increases the amount of harmful oxygen molecules in cells and may kill cancer cells. It may also help other drugs kill cancer cells. It is a type of oxidative stress inducer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The water soluble sodium salt of a small-molecule bis(thio-hydrazide amide) with oxidative stress induction, pro-apoptotic, and potential antineoplastic activities. Elesclomol induces oxidative stress, creating high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide, in both cancer cells and normal cells. Because tumor cells have elevated levels of ROS compared to normal cells, the increase in oxidative stress beyond baseline levels elevates ROS beyond sustainable levels, exhausting tumor cell antioxidant capacity, which may result in the induction of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Normal cells are spared because the increase in the level of oxidative stress induced by this agent is below the threshold at which apoptosis is induced.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-N'-benzenecarbothioyl-3-(2-benzenecarbothioyl-2-methylhydrazinyl)-N'-methyl- oxopropanehydrazidide Sodium","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELESCLOMOL SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elesclomol Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elesclomol Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanedioic Acid, Bis[2-methyl-2-(phenylthioxomethyl)hydrazide], Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STA-4783","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"elesclomol sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541326"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L219C7807V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"631615"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"631615"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Elesclomol_Sodium"}]}}{"C101895":{"preferredName":"Elgemtumab","code":"C101895","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor HER3 (ErbB3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Elgemtumab binds to and locks HER3 in the inactive conformation and does not interfere with its interaction with neuregulin (NRG). The inactivated form of HER3 blocks the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting cellular proliferation in HER2 or NRG expressing tumor cells. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in tumors; it has no active kinase domain but is activated through heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family, such as HER2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ELGEMTUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elgemtumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elgemtumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LJM-716","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LJM716","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL436278"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5F1CN52GFM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734177"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734177"}]}}{"C1615":{"preferredName":"Elinafide","code":"C1615","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that kills cancer cells by affecting DNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A symmetrical dimeric bis-naphthalimide compound and a topoisomerase II inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Elinafide contains two neutral chromophores joined by a cationic linker and is capable of bis-intercalation at the TpG and CpA steps of the DNA hexanucleotide. Intercalation inhibits topoisomerase II activity and causing DNA stand breakage, thereby leads to inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ELINAFIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elinafide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LU 79553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LU 79553","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LU-79553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N'-(Trimethylenebis(iminoethylene))dinaphthalimide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1433453"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"162706-37-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HL580335SI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42578"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42578"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H28N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LU_79553"}]}}{"C66949":{"preferredName":"Elisidepsin","code":"C66949","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic cyclic depsipeptide of the kahalalides family with potential antineoplastic activity. PM02734 is a derivative of a natural marine compound extracted from the sacoglossan sea slug, Elysia rufescens. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be elucidated, elisidepsin exhibits anti-proliferative activity in a wide variety of cancer types, such as breast, colon, pancreas, lung, and prostate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Depsipeptide PM02734","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELISIDEPSIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elisidepsin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elisidepsin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Valine, N-((4S)-4-methyl-1-oxohexyl)-D-valyl-L-threonyl-L-valyl-D-valyl-D-prolyl-L-ornithyl-D-alloisoleucyl-D-allothreonyl-D-alloisoleucyl-D-valyl-L-phenylalanyl-(2Z)-2-amino-2-butenoyl-, (13-8)-lactone, 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PM02734","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467776"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915713-02-9"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"681272-30-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0FWR494EC9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530791"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530791"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C57H87N7O15"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Depsipeptide_PM02734"}]}}{"C90495":{"preferredName":"Elliptinium","code":"C90495","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of the alkaloid ellipticine isolated from species of the plant family Apocynaceae, including Bleekeria vitensis, a plant with anti-cancer properties. As a topoisomerase II inhibitor and intercalating agent, elliptinium stabilizes the cleavable complex of topoisomerase II and induces DNA breakages, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-Hydroxy-2,5,11-trimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazolium","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Hydroxy-2-methylellipticinium","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELLIPTINIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elliptinium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-2-Methyl-9-hydroxyellipticinium","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMHE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0115685"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58337-34-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1F1959S062"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H17N2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Elliptinium"}]}}{"C1367":{"preferredName":"Elliptinium Acetate","code":"C1367","definitions":[{"description":"Acetate salt of elliptinium, a derivative of the alkaloid ellipticine isolated from species of the plant family Apocynaceae, including Bleekeria vitensis, a plant with anti-cancer properties. As a topoisomerase II inhibitor and intercalating agent, elliptinium stabilizes the cleavable complex of topoisomerase II and induces DNA breakages, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6H-Pyrido[4, 3-b]carbazolium, 9-hydroxy-2,5,11-trimethyl-acetate (salt)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"9-Hydroxy-2,5,11-trimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazolium Acetate (Salt)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Hydroxy-2-methylellipticinium Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Hydroxy-2-methylellipticinium acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Celiptium","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Celiptium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ELLIPTINIUM ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elliptinium Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-2-Methyl-9-hydroxyellipticinium Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"264137"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0100593"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58337-35-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H9B41234P4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39231"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39231"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H17N2O.C2H3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Elliptinium"}]}}{"C73262":{"preferredName":"Elmustine","code":"C73262","definitions":[{"description":"A (2-chloroethy1)nitrosourea derivative related to carmustine, with antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Nitroso-1-chloroethyl-3-hydroxyethylurea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elmustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HeCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxyethyl CNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059035"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"60784-46-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NAT2FD82D7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H10ClN3O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Elmustine"}]}}{"C66982":{"preferredName":"Elotuzumab","code":"C66982","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of advanced multiple myeloma. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. HuLuc63 binds to CS1, a protein that is found mainly on the surface of multiple myeloma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human CS1 (CD2 subset 1, CRACC, SLAMF7) antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Elotuzumab binds to the CS1 antigen, which may trigger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cells expressing CS1. CS1 is a cell surface glycoprotein belonging to the CD2 subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and is highly expressed by multiple myeloma cells, but minimally expressed by normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-901608","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elotuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Elotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Empliciti","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuLuc-63","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuLuc63","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuLuc63","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PDL-063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDL063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832049"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915296-00-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multiple myeloma (MM)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1351PE5UGS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"532249"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"532249"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CS1_Monoclonal_Antibody_HuLuc63"}]}}{"C74090":{"preferredName":"Elpamotide","code":"C74090","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine containing an HLA-A*2402-restricted epitope of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, VEGFR2-169 peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against VEGFR2-expressing tumor cells. VEGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed by a variety of tumor types; overexpression is associated with tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. HLA-A*2402 is an MHC class I molecule that presents antigenic peptides to CD8+ T cells; epitope design restricted to epitopes that bind most efficiently to HLA-A*2402 may improve antigenic peptide immunogenicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ELPAMOTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elpamotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Arginyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-valyl-L-prolyl-L-alpha-aspartylglycyl-L-asparaginyl-L-arginyl-L-isoleucine Human Soluble (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor) VEGFR2-(169-177)-peptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR2-169","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR2-169 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383528"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"673478-49-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S68632MB2G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589327"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589327"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"VEGFR2-169_Peptide_Vaccine"}]}}{"C1080":{"preferredName":"Elsamitrucin","code":"C1080","definitions":[{"description":"An heterocyclic antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Actinomycete strain J907-21. Elsamitrucin intercalates into DNA at guanine-cytosine (G-C)-rich sequences and inhibits topoisomerase I and II, resulting in single-strand breaks and inhibition of DNA replication. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"10-O-Elsaminosylelsarosylchartarin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBM 2478A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMY-28090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRN 5214813","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzo(h)(1)benzopyrano(5,4,3-cde)(1)ebnzopyran-5,12-dione,10((2-O-(2-amino-2,6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl)-6-deoxy-3-C-methyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy)-6-hydroxy-1-methyl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELSAMITRUCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Elsamicin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elsamitrucin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elsamitrucina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elsamitrucine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elsamitrucinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059041"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"97068-30-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZTV0FOB6NU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41409"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41409"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H35NO13"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Elsamitrucin"}]}}{"C125193":{"preferredName":"Eltanexor","code":"C125193","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of exportin-1 (XPO1; chromosome region maintenance 1 protein homolog; CRM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, eltanexor binds to the XPO1 cargo binding site, which prevents the XPO1-mediated nuclear export of cargo proteins such as tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs), including p53, p73, BRCA1/2, pRB, FOXO, and other growth regulatory proteins and leads to their selective accumulation in the nuclei of tumor cells. As a selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE), KPT-8602 restores the nuclear localization and function of tumor suppressing proteins which leads to the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. XPO1, the major export factor that transports proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types while minimally expressed in normal, healthy cells. The export of tumor suppressor proteins into the cytoplasm prevents them from initiating apoptosis and leads to uncontrolled tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-3-(3-(3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-(pyrimidin-5-yl)prop-2-enamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELTANEXOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eltanexor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eltanexor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exportin 1 Inhibitor KPT-8602","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KPT-8602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export KPT-8602","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XPO1-inhibiting SINE Compound KPT-8602","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504007"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1642300-52-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q59IQJ9NTK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778691"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778691"}]}}{"C125548":{"preferredName":"Emactuzumab","code":"C125548","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tyrosine kinase receptor colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; CD115), also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, emactuzumab binds to CSF1R expressed on macrophages and inhibits the binding of colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) to CSF1R. This prevents CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling in these cells, which blocks the production of inflammatory mediators by macrophages and reduces inflammation. By blocking both the activity of CSF1R-dependent tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and the recruitment of TAMs to the tumor microenvironment, emactuzumab enhances T-cell infiltration and antitumor T-cell immune responses, which inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. TAMs play key roles in immune suppression and promoting inflammation, tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EMACTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Emactuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Emactuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5509554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5509554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433956"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1448221-67-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6FY6EI1X8R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721542"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721542"}]}}{"C127123":{"preferredName":"Emapalumab","code":"C127123","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody against the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma; IFNg), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, emapalumab binds to and neutralizes IFNg. This inhibits IFNg-mediated signaling pathways and suppresses the activation of the immune system. IFNg, a cell-signaling protein, plays a key role in the regulation and activation of the immune system; its upregulation is associated with certain auto-immune and auto-inflammatory diseases in which the immune system is abnormally activated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IFN gamma Monoclonal Antibody NI-0501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-IFNg mAb NI-0501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-interferon gamma Monoclonal Antibody NI-0501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMAPALUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Emapalumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Emapalumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamifant","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NI-0501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507913"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1709815-23-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3S252O2Z4X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780986"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780986"}]}}{"C2195":{"preferredName":"Emepepimut-S","code":"C2195","definitions":[{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated peptide vaccine consisting of a synthetic peptide derived from the mucin 1 (MUC-1) antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, MUC-1 peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against MUC-1-expressing tumor cells, resulting in growth inhibition. MUC-1 antigen is a high-molecular-weight transmembrane glycoprotein that is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of many epithelial tumor cells as well as on the cell surfaces of some B-cell lymphoma cells and multiple myeloma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLP 25","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLP-25","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLP-25 Liposomal Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLP25","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLP25 Liposome Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP1-7-KLH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 531444","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emepepimut-S","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Emepepimut-S","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glycine, L-seryl-L-threonyl-L-alanyl-L-prolyl-L-prolyl-L-alanyl-L-histidylglycyl-L-valyl-L-threonyl-L-seryl-L-alanyl-L-prolyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-threonyl-L-arginyl-L-prolyl-L-alanyl-L-prolylglycyl-L-seryl-L-threonyl-L-alanyl-L-prolyl-L-prolyl-N6-(1-oxohexadecyl)-L-lysyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-BLP25","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stimuvax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TECEMOTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tecemotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832016"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"221214-84-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q7Y026G2CX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529341"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529341"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BLP25"}]}}{"C1022":{"preferredName":"Emitefur","code":"C1022","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally available antimetabolite composed of the 1-ethoxymethyl derivative of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) inhibitor 3-cyano-2,6-dihydroxypyridine (CNDP) in a 1:1 molar ratio, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the prodrug emitefur is converted into 5-FU, while CNDP prevents the degradation of 5-FU by inhibiting DPYD and thereby prolonging the half-life of 5-FU. This increases 5-FU's concentration and thus its antitumor activity through inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis, as well as inhibition of thymidylate synthase activity. In addition, by inhibiting the formation of 5-FU metabolites, some toxic effects associated with these metabolites may be reduced. DPYD is the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of 5-FU.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2) m-[[3-(Ethoxymethyl)-5-fluoro-3,6-dihydro-2,6-dioxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]carbonyl]benzoic Acid, 2-Ester with 2,6-Dihydroxynicotinonitrile Benzoate (Ester)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-((3-(Ethoxymethyl)-5-fluoro-3,6-dihydro-2,6-dioxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl)carbonyl)benzoic acid, 6-(benzoyloxy)-3-cyano-2-pyridinyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-[3-(6-Benzoyloxy-3-cyrano-2-pyridyloxycarbonyl)benzoyl]-1-(ethoxymethyl)-5-fluorouracil","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOF-A2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMITEFUR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Emitefur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Last-F","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[[Ethoxymethyl-5-fluoro-3,6-dihydro-2,6-dioxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]carbonyl]benzoic Acid, 6-(Benzoyloxy)-3-cyano-2-pyridinyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"emitefur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053902"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"110690-43-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9I50NF4AQ2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H19FN4O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Emitefur"}]}}{"C29019":{"preferredName":"Emofolin Sodium","code":"C29019","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of a synthetic antimetabolite analogue of folate with antineoplastic activity. Emfolin sodium competes for the folate binding site of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in inhibition of tetrahydrofolate synthesis, depletion of nucleotide pools, and inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Emofolin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MeTHHF Disodium","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyltetrahydrohomofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"139490"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0098575"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52386-42-2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Emfolin_Sodium"}]}}{"C116074":{"preferredName":"Empesertib","code":"C116074","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the serine/threonine monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, empesertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Mps1. This causes inactivation of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), accelerated mitosis, chromosomal misalignment, chromosomal missegregation, mitotic checkpoint complex destabilization, and increased aneuploidy. This leads to the induction of cell death in cancer cells overexpressing Mps1. Mps1, a kinase expressed in proliferating normal tissues and aberrantly overexpressed in a wide range of human tumors, is activated during mitosis and is essential for SAC functioning and controls chromosome alignment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2R)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-N-(4-(2-((2-methoxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)amino)(1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-a)pyridin-6-yl)phenyl)propanamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY116-1909","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1161909","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMPESERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Empesertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473492"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1443763-60-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"02Y3Z2756M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761238"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761238"}]}}{"C113786":{"preferredName":"Enadenotucirev","code":"C113786","definitions":[{"description":"A complex, replication-selective, chimeric adenovirus type 11p (Ad11p)/Ad3 oncolytic virus vaccine, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Enadenotucirev has the Ad11p backbone with a large deletion in the E3-region and a small E4-domain (E4orf4) deleted, in addition to a partial E2B substitution by the Ad3 E2B genes. Upon intravenous administration of enadenotucirev, the adenovirus selectively reaches the tumor cells due to the leaky tumor vasculature and replicates in cancer cells; however, it is unable to replicate in normal, healthy cells. This induces a selective adenovirus-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells, which leads to cancer lysis. Following the lysis of infected cells, the replicated virus is released and can infect adjacent cells, which both induces further tumor cell oncolysis and may activate, through the release of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and inflammatory mediators from the lysed tumor cells, the immune system to mount an anti-tumor immune response. This further kills tumor cells. This may also stimulate long-term anti-tumor immunity. Although the cancer-selectivity of enadenotucirev is not entirely understood, the virus does not efficiently infect normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chimeric Oncolytic Adenovirus Ad3/Ad11p Containing Two Deletions in the Viral Genome in the E3 Region (2444 bp) and in the E4 Region (24 bp) and 197 Non-homologous Nucleotides in the E2B Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ColoAd-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ColoAd1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ColoAd1 Oncolytic Virus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENADENOTUCIREV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"EnAd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enadenotucirev","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enadenotucirev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471767"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1402042-02-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KX7ZYR6OQW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757141"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757141"}]}}{"C159599":{"preferredName":"Enadenotucirev-expressing Anti-CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody NG-350A","code":"C159599","definitions":[{"description":"An oncolytic adenoviral vector, enadenotucirev (EnAd), that expresses a full-length agonistic anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration of NG-350A, enadenotucirev specifically infects and replicates in tumor cells and not in normal, noncancerous tissue, and selectively expresses the agonistic anti-CD40 antibody. The locally expressed anti-CD40 antibody targets and binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cells, including B-cells, T-cells and dendritic cells (DCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, which activates these immune cells and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated antitumor immune response and leads to tumor cell death. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on various immune cells and plays a key role in the activation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enadenotucirev-expressing Anti-CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody NG-350A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enadenotucirev-expressing Anti-CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody NG-350A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG 350A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG-350A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG350A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenoviral Vector Expressing Anti-CD40 Antibody NG-350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenoviral Vector-expressing Anti-CD40 Agonistic Antibody NG-350A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951598"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797804"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797804"}]}}{"C111573":{"preferredName":"Enasidenib","code":"C111573","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of specific mutant forms of the mitochondrial enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase type 2 (IDH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, enasidenib specifically inhibits various mutant forms of IDH2, including the IDH2 variants R140Q, R172S, and R172K, which inhibits the formation of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). This may lead to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in IDH2-expressing tumor cells. IDH2, an enzyme in the citric acid cycle, is mutated in a variety of cancers; it initiates and drives cancer growth by blocking differentiation and the production of the oncometabolite 2HG.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG-221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-90007 Free Base","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENASIDENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enasidenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enasidenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827168"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1446502-11-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3T1SS4E7AG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C137825":{"preferredName":"Enasidenib Mesylate","code":"C137825","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt form of enasidenib, an orally available inhibitor of specific mutant forms of the mitochondrial enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase type 2 (IDH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, enasidenib specifically inhibits various mutant forms of IDH2, including the IDH2 variants R140Q, R172S, and R172K, which inhibits the formation of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). This may lead to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in IDH2-expressing tumor cells. IDH2, an enzyme in the citric acid cycle, is mutated in a variety of cancers; it initiates and drives cancer growth by blocking differentiation and the production of the oncometabolite 2HG.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methyl-1-[(4-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]-6-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl]amino}-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]propan-2-ol Methanesulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Propanol, 2-Methyl-1-((4-(6-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl)-6-((2-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyridinyl)amino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino)-, Methanesulfonate (1:1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG-221 Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-90007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENASIDENIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enasidenib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enasidenib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enasidenib Methanesulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idhifa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524900"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1650550-25-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia with an isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 (IDH2) mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UF6PC17XAV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752247"}]}}{"C80045":{"preferredName":"Enavatuzumab","code":"C80045","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis receptor (TWEAKR) with potential antineoplastic, immunomodulating and antiangiogenic activities. Enavatuzumab binds to TWEAKR and inhibits TWEAK ligand binding and activation of NF-kappaB-mediated cytokine release, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis. TWEAKR is a cell-surface receptor with homology to tumor necrosis factor receptors. Upon binding with its ligand, TWEAKR has been shown to stimulate cytokine release and cell proliferation, migration, and survival; it may also promote apoptosis under some conditions. This receptor may be overexpressed in a variety of tumors including those of the pancreas, colon, lung, kidney, and breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor-like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis Monoclonal Antibody PDL192","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENAVATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enavatuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enavatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDL 192","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698154"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1062149-33-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"914910XFBB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613893"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613893"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-TWEAKR_Monoclonal_Antibody_PDL192"}]}}{"C28211":{"preferredName":"Enclomiphene","code":"C28211","definitions":[{"description":"The trans-isomer of clomiphene citrate (CC). Enclomiphene has a higher rate of clearance and is less active than the cis-isomer, cis-clomiphene. Clomiphene citrate has been evaluated for antineoplastic activity against breast cancer. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENCLOMIPHENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enclomifene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enclomiphene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI 46476","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RMI 16,289","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"trans Clomiphene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"trans-2-(4-(2-Chloro-1,2-diphenylethenyl)phenoxy)-N,N-diethylethanamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0086213"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"15690-57-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R6D2UI4FLS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H28ClNO"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Enclomiphene"}]}}{"C61745":{"preferredName":"Enclomiphene Citrate","code":"C61745","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable citrate salt of enclomiphene, the trans-isomer of the nonsteroidal triphenylethylene compound clomiphene, with tissue-selective estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities. As a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), enclomiphene binds to hypothalamic estrogen receptors, blocking the negative feedback of endogenous estrogens and stimulating the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus; released GnRH subsequently stimulates the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary, resulting in ovulation. In addition, this agent may bind to estrogen receptors on breast cancer cells, resulting in the inhibition of estrogen-stimulated proliferation in susceptible cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENCLOMIPHENE CITRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enclomiphene Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0086214"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7599-79-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J303A6U9Y6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39307"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39307"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H28ClNO.C6H8O7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Enclomiphene_Citrate"}]}}{"C98283":{"preferredName":"Encorafenib","code":"C98283","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available Raf kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Encorafenib specifically inhibits Raf kinase, a serine/threonine enzyme in the RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. By inhibiting the activation of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, the administration of LGX818 may result in a decrease in proliferation of tumor cells. The Raf mutation BRAF V600E is frequently upregulated in a variety of human tumors and results in the constitutive activation of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cellular proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Braftovi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENCORAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Encorafenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Encorafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGX 818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGX-818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGX818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4079208"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1269440-17-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"in combination with binimetinib, for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma with a BRAF V600E or V600K mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8L7891MRB6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712549"}]}}{"C26678":{"preferredName":"Endothelin Receptor Type A Antagonist YM598","code":"C26678","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for advanced prostate cancer and for pain caused by prostate cancer that has spread to the bone. It belongs to the family of drugs called endothelin ETA receptor antagonists.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active synthetic substituted phenylethenesulfonamide. As a selective endothelin A receptor antagonist, YM598 inhibits endothelin-mediated mechanisms involved in tumor cell growth and progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endothelin Receptor Type A Antagonist YM598","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Potassium (E)-N-[6-methoxy-5-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]-2-phenylenthene Sulfonamidate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM598","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM598","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"16843458"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1175067"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"270682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"270682"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"YM598"}]}}{"C114500":{"preferredName":"Enfortumab Vedotin","code":"C114500","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) containing a human monoclonal antibody AGS-22 targeting the cell adhesion molecule nectin-4 and conjugated to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), via a proprietary enzyme-cleavable linker (AGS-22CE), with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of enfortumab vedotin selectively binds to nectin-4. After internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and induces apoptosis in nectin-4 overexpressing tumor cells. Nectin-4, a tumor associated antigen belonging to the nectin family, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including breast, bladder, lung and pancreatic cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS 22ME","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGS-22M6E","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASG-22CE","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Nectin 4 ADC ASG-22CE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-nectin-4 Monoclonal Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-22M6E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENFORTUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enfortumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enfortumab Vedotin-ejfv","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Padcev","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430399"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472325"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1346452-25-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC) who have previously received a programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) or programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor, and a platinum-containing chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant/adjuvant, locally advanced or metastatic setting."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DLE8519RWM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759429"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759429"}]}}{"C162248":{"preferredName":"Engineered Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells AB-205","code":"C162248","definitions":[{"description":"A population of ex vivo expanded, genetically engineered CD31 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule; PECAM-1)-positive human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) derived from human umbilical vein tissue, that can be used to enhance the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) transplantation potential and improve blood cell recovery. Following autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and upon the administration of the engineered HUVEC AB-205, the endothelial cells secrete angiocrine growth factors and interact with the HSPCs, thereby forming endothelial cell network structures and improving engraftment potential. AB-205 also interacts with injured or damaged vascular niche cells, thereby promoting blood cell recovery and improving tissue regeneration. This enhances recovery from toxicities related to chemo/radiation regimens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB 205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-205 Cell Product","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Engineered HUVEC AB-205","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Engineered Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells AB-205","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Engineered Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells AB-205","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970717"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798637"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798637"}]}}{"C162649":{"preferredName":"Engineered Toxin Body Targeting HER2 MT-5111","code":"C162649","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered toxin body (ETB) composed of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) from an antibody targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; HER-2), fused to the enzymatically active de-immunized, ribosome-inactivating cytotoxic payload Shiga-like toxin-A subunit (SLTA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the scFv moiety of MT-5111 specifically targets and binds to a distinct epitope on HER2-expressing cells. Upon internalization, the SLTA moiety is released and acts as an N-glycosidase, which binds to and cleaves an adenine nucleobase in the 28S RNA component of the 60S subunit of ribosomes and prevents ribosome activity. This inhibits protein synthesis and leads to apoptosis in HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETB Targeting HER2 MT-5111","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Engineered Toxin Body Targeting HER2 MT-5111","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Engineered Toxin Body Targeting HER2 MT-5111","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2-targeted ETB MT-5111","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin MT-5111","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT 5111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT-5111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT5111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Fusion Protein MT-5111","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Targeted Engineered Toxin Body MT-5111","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971043"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798930"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798930"}]}}{"C11252":{"preferredName":"Eniluracil/5-FU Combination Tablet","code":"C11252","definitions":[{"description":"A combination tablet of ethynyluracil and fluorouracil. Fluorouracil is an antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the nucleoside pyrimidine with antineoplastic activity. Ethynyluracil is an orally-active fluoropyrimidine analog that inhibits dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, the rate-limiting enzyme that catabolizes and inactivates 5-fluorouracil in the liver. This may lead to an increase in the bioavailability and, effectiveness of fluorouracil.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"776C85/5-FU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eniluracil/5-FU Combination Tablet","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethynyluracil/Fluorouracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW776/5-FU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW776/5-Fluorouracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"710026"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0393027"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42618"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42618"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ethynyluracil_Fluorouracil"}]}}{"C95323":{"preferredName":"Enloplatin","code":"C95323","definitions":[{"description":"A platinum-based alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity. Although its pharmacokinetic properties are similar to that of carboplatin, enloplatin appears to be non-cross resistant with other platinum-based agents, such as cisplatin and carboplatin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CL 287,110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL-287110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-(1,1-Cyclobutanedicarboxylato)(Tetrahydro-4H-Pyran-4,4-Bis(Methylamine))Platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENLOPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enloplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum, (1,1-Cyclobutanedicarboxylato(2-))(Tetrahydro-4h-Pyran-4,4-Dimethanamine-N,N')-, (Sp-4-2)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0165431"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"111523-41-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C7HT2IO79H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H16N2O.C6H6O4.Pt"}]}}{"C97510":{"preferredName":"Enoblituzumab","code":"C97510","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-domain optimized, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against cancer stem cells (CSCs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After binding of enoblituzumab to an as of yet not elucidated target expressed on CSCs and differentiated tumor cells, this agent may induce an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CSCs. CSCs are tumor initiating cells that are able to self-renew and are responsible for tumor cell growth and resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENOBLITUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enoblituzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enoblituzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGA271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430254"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M6030H73N9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703720"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703720"}]}}{"C69161":{"preferredName":"Enobosarm","code":"C69161","definitions":[{"description":"A non-steroidal agent with anabolic activity. Selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) GTx-024 is designed to work like testosterone, thus promoting and/or maintaining libido, fertility, prostate growth, and muscle growth and strength. Mimicking testosterone's action, this agent may increase lean body mass, thereby ameliorating muscle wasting in the hypermetabolic state of cancer cachexia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENOBOSARM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enobosarm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enobosarm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gtx-024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ostarine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanamide, 3-(4-cyanophenoxy)-N-(4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-, (2S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742262"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"841205-47-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O3571H3R8N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551564"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551564"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Selective_Androgen_Receptor_Modulator_Gtx-024"}]}}{"C82367":{"preferredName":"Enoticumab","code":"C82367","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against Delta-like ligand-4 (DLL4) with potential antineoplastic activity. Enoticumab specifically binds to human DLL4, preventing its binding to Notch receptors and inhibiting Notch signaling, which may result in defective tumor vascularization and, so, the inhibition of tumor cell growth. DLL4 is the only Notch ligand selectively expressed on endothelial cells; DLL4/Notch signaling is required for the development of functional tumor blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Delta-Like 4 Monoclonal Antibody REGN421","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENOTICUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enoticumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enoticumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN421","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR153192","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830058"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1192578-27-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B59DCD0F7D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640973"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640973"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-Dll4_Monoclonal_Antibody_REGN421"}]}}{"C83689":{"preferredName":"Enpromate","code":"C83689","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic acetylenic carbamate, an alkylating agent, with antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-Diphenyl-2-propynyl-N-cyclohexylcarbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetylenic Carbamate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENPROMATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enpromate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lilly 59156","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"112682"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0050514"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10087-89-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HBS2850E4H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H23NO2"}]}}{"C102754":{"preferredName":"Ensartinib","code":"C102754","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ensartinib binds to and inhibits ALK kinase, ALK fusion proteins and ALK point mutation variants. Inhibition of ALK leads to the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-expressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK is not expressed in healthy adult human tissue but ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors; ALK mutations are associated with acquired resistance to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Amino-5-[(1R)-1-(2,6-dichloro-3-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]- N-{4-[(3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazine- 1-carbonyl]phenyl}pyridazine-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENSARTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ensartinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ensartinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X-396","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437011"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1370651-20-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SMA5ZS5B22"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735953"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735953"}]}}{"C90532":{"preferredName":"Ensituximab","code":"C90532","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric monoclonal antibody against human colorectal and pancreatic carcinoma-associated antigens (CPAAs) with potential immunomodulating and anti-tumor activities. Anti-CPAA monoclonal antibody NPC-1C binds to CPAAs, which may activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response and an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against CPAA-expressing tumor cells. CPAAs, cell surface proteins, are upregulated on colon and pancreatic tumor cells. NPC-1C contains the variable region of the heavy and light chain of murine NPC-1 and linked in-frame to constant regions of a human IgG1 isotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CPAA Monoclonal Antibody NPC-1C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Colorectal and Pancreatic Carcinoma-Associated Antigen Monoclonal Antibody NPC-1C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENSITUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ensituximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ensituximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPC-1C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413613"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1092658-06-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F988K568V2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663436"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663436"}]}}{"C82660":{"preferredName":"Enteric-Coated TRPM8 Agonist D-3263 Hydrochloride","code":"C82660","definitions":[{"description":"An enteric-coated orally bioavailable formulation of the hydrochloride salt of a small-molecule agonist for transient receptor potential melastatin member 8 (TRPM8 or Trp-p8) with potential antineoplastic activity. The active ingredient in enteric-coated TRPM8 agonist D-3263 hydrochloride binds to and activates TRPM8, which may result in an increase in calcium and sodium entry; the disruption of calcium and sodium homeostasis; and the induction of cell death in TRPM8-expressing tumor cells. This agent may decrease dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels, which may contribute to its inhibitory effects on prostate cancer and BPH. TRPM8 is a transmembrane calcium channel protein that is normally expressed in prostate cells and appears to be overexpressed in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and in prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EC D-3263 HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enteric-Coated TRPM8 Agonist D-3263 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL411370"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636649"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636649"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Enteric-Coated_TRPM8_Agonist_D-3263_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C160293":{"preferredName":"Enterococcus gallinarum Strain MRx0518","code":"C160293","definitions":[{"description":"A live strain of the flagellin-producing Gram-positive bacterium Enterococcus (E.) gallinarum that is isolated from a healthy human gut , with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, MRx0518 modulates the intestinal microbiota and targets both intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), and various immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) and is able to induce the production of both pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-23, in these cells and activates the innate immune system. The flagellin produced by MRx0518 interacts with and activates toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5), thereby activating the adaptive immune system and modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). This activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E. gallinarum MRx0518","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enterococcus gallinarum Strain MRx0518","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enterococcus gallinarum Strain MRx0518","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gut Microbiota-derived Strain MRx0518","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRx 0518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRx-0518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRx0518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969238"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798317"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798317"}]}}{"C1863":{"preferredName":"Entinostat","code":"C1863","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It blocks enzymes needed for cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic benzamide derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Entinostat binds to and inhibits histone deacetylase, an enzyme that regulates chromatin structure and gene transcription. This agent appears to exert dose-dependent effects in human leukemia cells including cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21/CIP1/WAF1)-dependent growth arrest and differentiation at low drug concentrations; a marked induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS); mitochondrial damage; caspase activation; and, at higher concentrations, apoptosis. In normal cells, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A expression has been associated with cell-cycle exit and differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carbamic Acid, N-[[4-[[(2-aminophenyl)amino]carbonyl]phenyl]methyl]-, 3- pyridinylmethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbamic acid, [[4-[[(2-aminophenyl)amino]carbonyl]phenyl] methyl]-, 3-pyridinylmethyl ester (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENTINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Entinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Entinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC inhibitor SNDX-275","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MS 27-275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MS-275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MS-275","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"MS-275","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"N-(2-Aminophenyl)-4-[N-(pyridin-3-yl-methoxycarbonyl)aminomethyl]b enzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNDX-275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNDX-275","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"entinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"706995"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4048552"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"209783-80-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1ZNY4FKK9H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38294"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38294"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H20N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MS-27-275"}]}}{"C99166":{"preferredName":"Entolimod","code":"C99166","definitions":[{"description":"A polypeptide derived from the Salmonella filament protein flagellin with potential radioprotective and anticancer activities. As a toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) agonist, entolimod binds to and activates TLR5 thereby stimulating tumor necrosis factor production and activating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB). This induces NF-kB-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits the induction of apoptosis. This may prevent apoptosis in normal, healthy cells during radiotherapy of cancerous cells and may allow for increased doses of ionizing radiation. In addition, entolimod may inhibit radiation-independent proliferation in TLR5-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CBLB502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENTOLIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Entolimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Entolimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR5 Agonist CBLB502","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2353146"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"951628-22-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R1UQ6D1ECM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717513"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717513"}]}}{"C105402":{"preferredName":"Entospletinib","code":"C105402","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of entospletinib, this agent may inhibit the activity of Syk, which inhibits B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell activation, migration, adhesion and proliferation. Syk, a non-receptor cytoplasmic, BCR-associated tyrosine kinase, is expressed in hematopoietic tissues and is often overexpressed in hematopoeitic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-(1H-Indazol-6-yl)-N-(4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl)imidazo(1,2-a)pyrazin-8-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENTO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENTOSPLETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Entospletinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Entospletinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS 9973","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-9973","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imidazo(1,2-a)pyrazin-8-amine, 6-(1H-indazol-6-yl)-N-(4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3642151"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1229208-44-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6I3O3W6O3B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746910"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746910"}]}}{"C114984":{"preferredName":"Entrectinib","code":"C114984","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the tyrosine kinases tropomyosin receptor kinases (Trk) A, B and C, C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, entrectinib binds to and inhibits TrkA, TrkB, TrkC, ROS1 and ALK. Inhibition of these kinases may result in a disruption of TrkA-, TrkB-, TrkC-, ROS1-, and ALK-mediated signaling. This leads to an induction of apoptosis and an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in tumor cells that express these kinases. TrkA, TrkB, TrkC, ROS1 and ALK are overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENTRECTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Entrectinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5-(3,5-Difluorobenzyl)-1H-indazol-3-yl)-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1yl)-2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ylamino)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rozlytrek","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896774"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1108743-60-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L5ORF0AN1I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759586"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759586"}]}}{"C129714":{"preferredName":"Envafolimab","code":"C129714","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable formulation of a monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, envafolimab binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1), which may enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response to neoplasms and reverse T-cell inactivation. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8+ T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 MoAb KN035","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENVAFOLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Envafolimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Envafolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN 035","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN035","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512904"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ES1M06M6QH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784496"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784496"}]}}{"C71744":{"preferredName":"Enzalutamide","code":"C71744","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, organic, non-steroidal small molecule targeting the androgen receptor (AR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Through a mechanism that is reported to be different from other approved AR antagonists, enzalutamide inhibits the activity of prostate cancer cell ARs, which may result in a reduction in prostate cancer cell proliferation and, correspondingly, a reduction in the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level. AR over-expression in prostate cancer represents a key mechanism associated with prostate cancer hormone resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP9785","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, 4-(3-(4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5,5-dimethyl-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1-imidazolidinyl)-2-fluoro-N-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENZALUTAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enzalutamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enzalutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDV3100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xtandi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348174"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915087-33-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"93T0T9GKNU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560774"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560774"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H16F4N4O2S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Selective_Androgen_Receptor_Modulator_MDV3100"}]}}{"C77392":{"preferredName":"Enzastaurin","code":"C77392","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of certain types of cancer, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma, breast, colon, lung, ovarian, and prostate. Enzastaurin blocks certain cell signaling pathways, and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of serine threonine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENZASTAURIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enzastaurin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enzastaurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"enzastaurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327830"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"170364-57-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UC96G28EQF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H29N5O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Enzastaurin"}]}}{"C26658":{"preferredName":"Enzastaurin Hydrochloride","code":"C26658","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of certain types of cancer, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma, breast, colon, lung, ovarian, and prostate. Enzastaurin hydrochloride blocks certain cell signaling pathways, and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of serine threonine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of enzastaurin, a synthetic macrocyclic bisindolemaleimide with potential antineoplastic activity. Binding to the ATP-binding site, enzastaurin selectively inhibits protein kinase C beta, an enzyme involved in the induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-stimulated neo-angiogenesis. This agent may decrease tumor blood supply and so tumor burden.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Pyrrole-2,5-dione, 3-(1-Methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-4-(1-(1-(2-pyridinylmethyl)-4-piperidinyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)-, Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-(1-Methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-4-[1-[1-(2-pyridinylmethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-1H-indol-3-yl]-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"3-(1-Methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-4-[1-[1-(2-pyridinylmethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-1H-indol-3-yl]-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENZASTAURIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enzastaurin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enzastaurin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enzastaurin Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY317615","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY317615","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"enzastaurin hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1615613"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"359017-79-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KX7K68Z2UH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269069"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269069"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H29N5O2.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LY317615"}]}}{"C150376":{"preferredName":"EP4 Antagonist ONO-4578","code":"C150376","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype 4 (PTGER4; EP4), with potential analgesic, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the EP4 antagonist ONO-4578 selectively targets and binds to EP4, inhibiting the binding of the immunosuppressive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to EP4. This prevents the activation of EP4 and inhibits PGE2-EP4-mediated signaling, thereby inhibiting proliferation of tumor cells in which the PGE2-EP4 signaling pathway is over-activated. In addition, EP4 inhibition prevents the activity of tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by inhibiting interleukin-23 (IL-23) production and the IL-23-mediated expansion of Th17 cells. EP4, a prostanoid receptor, is a G protein-coupled receptor that is expressed in certain types of cancers; it promotes tumor cell proliferation and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-986310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP4 Antagonist ONO-4578","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EP4 Antagonist ONO-4578","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO 4578","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO-4578","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO4578","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PGE2 Receptor Antagonist ONO-4578","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostaglandin E2 Receptor Antagonist ONO-4578","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective PGE2 Receptor 4 Antagonist ONO-4578","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552175"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792745"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792745"}]}}{"C92582":{"preferredName":"Epacadostat","code":"C92582","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available hydroxyamidine and inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Epacadostat targets and binds to IDO1, an enzyme responsible for the oxidation of tryptophan into kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, INCB024360 increases and restores the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), NK cells, and T-lymphocytes, as well as interferon (IFN) production, and a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may inhibit the growth of IDO1-expressing tumor cells. IDO1 is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types and DCs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,5-Oxadiazole-3-carboximidamide, 4-((2-((Aminosulfonyl)amino)ethyl)amino)-N-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N'-hydroxy-, (C(Z))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPACADOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Epacadostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epacadostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 024360","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB024360","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL423831"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1204669-58-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"71596A9R13"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685310"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685310"}]}}{"C1866":{"preferredName":"Epipodophyllotoxin Analog GL331","code":"C1866","definitions":[{"description":"An epipodophyllotoxin analogue possessing antineoplastic properties. GL331 binds to and inhibits topoisomerase II, resulting in the accumulation of single- or double-strand DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication and transcription, and apoptotic cell death. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epipodophyllotoxin Analog GL331","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GL331","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0908996"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"GL331"}]}}{"C78083":{"preferredName":"Epipropidine","code":"C78083","definitions":[{"description":"An epoxide and alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity. Epipropidone is not used clinically due to its unstable nature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPIPROPIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Epipropidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700003"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5696-17-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T3RCY5OD7A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H28N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epipropidine"}]}}{"C62028":{"preferredName":"Epirubicin","code":"C62028","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used together with other drugs to treat early breast cancer that has spread to lymph nodes. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Epirubicin is a type of anthracycline antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 4'-epi-isomer of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Epirubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also produces toxic free-radical intermediates and interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S-cis)-10-((3-Amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-beta-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-5,12-naphthacenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Glycoloyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-3,5,12-trihydroxy-10-methoxy-6,11-dioxo-1-naphthacenyl-3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-arabino-hexopyranoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Epiadriamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4'-Epiadriamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Epidoxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-epi DX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPIRUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Epi DX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidoxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epirubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epirubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Epirubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pidorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"epirubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014582"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"56420-45-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3Z8479ZZ5X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO11"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epirubicin_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:47898"}]}}{"C474":{"preferredName":"Epirubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C474","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used together with other drugs to treat early breast cancer that has spread to lymph nodes. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Ellence is a type of anthracycline antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the 4'-epi-isomer of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Epirubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also produces toxic free-radical intermediates and interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S-cis)-10-((3-Amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-beta-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-5,12-naphthacenedione Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Glycoloyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-3,5,12-trihydroxy-10-methoxy-6,11-dioxo-1-naphthacenyl-3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-arabino-hexopyranoside Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPIRUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ellence","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ellence","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Epirubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epirubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMI-28","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharmorubicin PFS","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"epirubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"256942"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700582"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"56390-09-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"22966TX7J5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39232"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39232"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO11.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epirubicin"}]}}{"C153095":{"preferredName":"Epitinib Succinate","code":"C153095","definitions":[{"description":"The succinate salt form of epitinib, an orally available epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, epitinib inhibits the activity of EGFR, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may lead to induction of cell death and inhibition of tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is overexpressed in certain tumor types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPITINIB SUCCINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Epitinib Succinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL 813","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL-813","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL813","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554354"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2138WW3F3R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793471"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793471"}]}}{"C1089":{"preferredName":"Epitiostanol","code":"C1089","definitions":[{"description":"An androgenic anabolic steroid having potent anti-estrogenic effect, which inhibits the progression of estrogen-stimulated cancers such as breast cancer. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"10275-S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPITIOSTANOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Epitiostanol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epitiostanol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"194684"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059457"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2363-58-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YE7586973L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39595"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39595"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H30OS"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epitiostanol"}]}}{"C118450":{"preferredName":"Epothilone Analog UTD1","code":"C118450","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically engineered epothilone analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, epothilone analog UTD1 binds to tubulin, induces microtubule polymerization and stabilizes microtubules against depolymerization, which may result in the inhibition of cell division, the induction of G2/M arrest, and apoptosis. Compared to first-generation epothilones, this agent exhibits greater safety and enhanced activity against certain multidrug-resistant (MDR) tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epothilone Analog UTD1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UTD1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896752"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765129"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765129"}]}}{"C77892":{"preferredName":"Epothilone KOS-1584","code":"C77892","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation epothilone with potential antineoplastic activity. Epothilone KOS-1584 binds to tubulin and induces microtubule polymerization and stabilizes microtubules against depolymerization, which may result in the inhibition of cell division, the induction of G2/M arrest, and apoptosis. Compared to first-generation epothilones, this agent exhibits greater safety and efficacy with an enhanced pharmaceutical profile, including enhanced water solubility and tumor penetration, and reduced CNS exposure. In addition, epothilone KOS-1584 is a poor substrate for the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) drug efflux pump.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9,10-Didehydroepothilone D","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epothilone KOS-1584","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KOS-1584","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1099968"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594152"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594152"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epothilone_KOS-1584"}]}}{"C1887":{"preferredName":"Epratuzumab","code":"C1887","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against CD22, a cell surface glycoprotein present on mature B-cells and on many types of malignant B-cells. After binding to CD22, epratuzumab's predominant antitumor activity appears to be mediated through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPRATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Epratuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epratuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Anti-CD22 Monoclonal Antibody IgG1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LymphoCide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"epratuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hLL2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"716711"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1120776"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"205923-57-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Systemic lupus erythematosus"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3062P60MH9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42234"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42234"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epratuzumab"}]}}{"C155794":{"preferredName":"Epratuzumab-cys-tesirine","code":"C155794","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a cysteine-engineered version of epratuzumab (hLL2), a humanized anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody derived from the murine immunoglobulin (Ig) G2a monoclonal antibody LL2 (EPB-2), site-specifically conjugated to the cross-linking cytotoxic agent tesirine (SG3249), a cathepsin B-cleavable valine-alanine pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer (PBD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of epratuzumab-cys-tesirine, the epratuzumab moiety targets and binds to the B cell-specific CD22 receptor and is rapidly internalized. Upon cleavage, the imine groups of tesirine target and bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces interstrand cross-links in the minor groove of DNA and inhibits DNA replication, which inhibits the proliferation of CD22-overexpressing tumor cells. CD22, a cell surface glycoprotein, is expressed on mature B-cells and on most malignant B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ADCT-602","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT-602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD22/PBD ADC ADCT-602","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-602","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epratuzumab-cys-SG3249","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epratuzumab-cys-tesirine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epratuzumab-cys-tesirine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hLL2-cys-PBD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hLL2-cys-SG3249","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556329"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794990"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794990"}]}}{"C165420":{"preferredName":"ER alpha Proteolysis-targeting Chimera Protein Degrader ARV-471","code":"C165420","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available hetero-bifunctional molecule and selective estrogen receptor (ER) alpha-targeted protein degrader, using the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, with potential antineoplastic activity. ARV-471 is composed of an ER alpha ligand attached to an E3 ligase recognition moiety. Upon oral administration, ARV-471 targets and binds to the ER ligand binding domain on ER alpha. E3 ligase is recruited to the ER by the E3 ligase recognition moiety and ER alpha is tagged by ubiquitin. This causes ubiquitination and degradation of ER alpha by the proteasome. This decreases ER alpha protein levels, decreases the expression of ER alpha-target genes and halts ER-mediated signaling. This results in an inhibition of proliferation in ER alpha-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, the degradation of the ER alpha protein releases the ARV-471 and can bind to additional ER alpha target proteins. ER alpha is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARV 471","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARV-471","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARV471","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ER alpha PROTAC Protein Degrader ARV-471","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ER alpha Proteolysis-targeting Chimera Protein Degrader ARV-471","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ER alpha Proteolysis-targeting Chimera Protein Degrader ARV-471","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estrogen Receptor alpha PROTAC Protein Degrader ARV-471","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROTAC Protein Degrader ARV-471","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978634"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799764"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799764"}]}}{"C95720":{"preferredName":"ERa36 Modulator Icaritin","code":"C95720","definitions":[{"description":"A metabolite of icariin, a principal flavonoid glycoside in Herba Epimedii (a traditional Chinese medicine herb used in treating osteoporosis) with potential antineoplastic activity. ERa36 modulator icaritin selectively binds to a novel variant of estrogen receptor alpha, a36, and mediates a membrane-initiated \"nongenomic\" signaling pathway, which is linked to activate signaling pathways like the MAPK/ERK and the PI3K/Akt pathways. This agent induces cell cycle arrest at G1, or G2/M arrest depending upon the dose. Consistently with G1 arrest, icaritin increases protein expressions of pRb, p27(Kip1) and p16(Ink4a), while decreasing phosphorylated pRb, Cyclin D1 and CDK4. 40% of ER-negative breast cancer tumors express high levels of ERa36, and this subset of patients is less likely to benefit from tamoxifen treatment compared with those with ERa66-positive/ERa36-negative tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERa36 Modulator Icaritin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17382317"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1567768"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"118525-40-9"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694226"}]}}{"C70625":{"preferredName":"Erastin Analogue PRLX 93936","code":"C70625","definitions":[{"description":"A structural analogue of erastin with potential antineoplastic activity. Erastin analogue PRLX 93936 appears to inhibit mitochondrial outer membrane protein VDACs (voltage-dependent anion channels) 2 and 3, resulting in an oxidative, non-apoptotic cell death. Erastin analogue PRLX 93936 exhibits greater lethality in cell lines harboring mutations in the GTPase protein oncogenes HRAS and KRAS or the serine-threonine protein kinase oncogene BRAF than in non-tumorigenic cell lines. VDACs 2 and 3 are up-regulated in a wide variety of tumor cell lines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Erastin Analogue PRLX 93936","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Erastin Analogue PRLX 93936","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRLX 93936","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17568748"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL375988"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570728"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570728"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Erastin_Analogue_PRLX93936"}]}}{"C73258":{"preferredName":"Erbulozole","code":"C73258","definitions":[{"description":"A water soluble congener of tubulozole and a tubulin binding agent with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Erbulozole targets and binds to tubulin, thereby preventing the polymerization of tubulin. This may lead to an inhibition of cell division and induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carbamic acid, (4-(((2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl)thio)phenyl)-,ethyl ester, cis-(+-)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERBULOZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Erbulozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R55104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059504"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"124784-31-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"78XGN2K5RX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H27N3O5S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Erbulozole"}]}}{"C103273":{"preferredName":"Erdafitinib","code":"C103273","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, pan fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, erdafitinib binds to and inhibits FGFR, which may result in the inhibition of FGFR-related signal transduction pathways and thus the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Ethanediamine, N1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N2-(1-methylethyl)-N1-(3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-6-quinoxalinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balversa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERDAFITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Erdafitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Erdafitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-42756493","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641169"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1346242-81-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"890E37NHMV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741845"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741845"}]}}{"C96748":{"preferredName":"Eribulin","code":"C96748","definitions":[{"description":"An analogue of halichondrin B, a substance derived from a marine sponge (Lissodendoryx sp.) with antineoplastic activity. Eribulin binds to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules, resulting in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, and, potentially, tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(3-Amino-2-hydroxypropyl)hexacosahydro-3-methoxy-26-methyl-20,27-bis(methylene)11,15-18,21-24,28-triepoxy-7,9-ethano-12,15-methano-9H,15H-furo(3,2-i)furo(2',3'-5,6)pyrano(4,3-b)(1,4)dioxacyclopentacosin-5-(4H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ER-086526","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERIBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eribulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2350866"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"253128-41-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LR24G6354G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C40H59NO11"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63587"}]}}{"C26644":{"preferredName":"Eribulin Mesylate","code":"C26644","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat metastatic breast cancer in patients who have already been treated with other chemotherapy. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Halaven may block cancer cell growth by stopping cell division. It belongs to the family of drugs called antitubulin agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The mesylate salt of a synthetic analogue of halichondrin B, a substance derived from a marine sponge (Lissodendoryx sp.) with antineoplastic activity. Eribulin binds to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules, resulting in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, and, potentially, tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(3-Amino-2-hydroxypropyl)hexacosahydro-3-methoxy-26-methyl-20,27-bis(methylene)11,15-18,21-24,28-triepoxy-7,9-ethano-12,15-methano-9H,15H-furo(3,2-i)furo(2',3'-5,6)pyrano(4,3-b)(1,4)dioxacyclopentacosin-5-(4H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B1939 Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7389","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7389","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ER-086526","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERIBULIN MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eribulin Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eribulin Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halaven","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halaven","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Halichondrin B Analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"eribulin mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"707389"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2608038"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"253128-41-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"unresectable or metastatic liposarcoma; breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AV9U0660CW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257773"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257773"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C40H59NO11.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"E7389"}]}}{"C155785":{"preferredName":"ERK 1/2 Inhibitor ASTX029","code":"C155785","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ASTX029 specifically binds to and inhibits both ERK 1 and 2, thereby preventing the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The MAPK/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASTX 029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASTX-029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASTX029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERK 1/2 Inhibitor ASTX029","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK 1/2 Inhibitor ASTX029","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor ASTX029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 Inhibitor ASTX029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase Inhibitor ASTX029","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556263"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794989"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794989"}]}}{"C119747":{"preferredName":"ERK Inhibitor CC-90003","code":"C119747","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CC-90003 inhibits ERK activity, and prevents the activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-90003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor CC-90003","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor CC-90003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896889"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767257"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767257"}]}}{"C107241":{"preferredName":"ERK Inhibitor GDC-0994","code":"C107241","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, GDC-0994 inhibits both ERK phosphorylation and activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This prevents ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor GDC-0994","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0994","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Wed Dec 30 14:37:15 EST 2020 - See 'Ravoxertinib(C170364)'"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C174048"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL449495"}]}}{"C126687":{"preferredName":"Rineterkib","code":"C126687","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, rineterkib binds to and inhibits ERK, thereby preventing the activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is upregulated in numerous tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor LTT462","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LTT 462","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LTT462","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RINETERKIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rineterkib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rineterkib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507900"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1715025-32-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"15KFN616FK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780511"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780511"}]}}{"C104045":{"preferredName":"ERK Inhibitor MK-8353","code":"C104045","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MK-8353 inhibits both ERK phosphorylation and activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways; thereby, preventing ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor MK-8353","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor MK-8353","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8353","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8353-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 900353","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433840"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701114"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701114"}]}}{"C150248":{"preferredName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor ASN007","code":"C150248","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ASN007 specifically binds to and inhibits the serine/threonine-protein kinase activities of both ERK1 and ERK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 substrates and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent proliferation and survival of tumor cells. The MAPK/ERK pathway, also known as the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, is hyperactivated in a variety of tumor cell types due to mutations in upstream targets. It plays a key role in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASN007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor ASN007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor ASN007","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor ASN007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 Inhibitor ASN007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552048"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C141074":{"preferredName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor KO-947","code":"C141074","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, KO-947 specifically binds to and inhibits both ERK 1 and 2, thereby preventing the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The MAPK/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor KO-947","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor KO-947","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor KO-947","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 Inhibitor KO-947","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KO 947","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KO-947","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KO947","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539120"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791296"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791296"}]}}{"C131335":{"preferredName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor LY3214996","code":"C131335","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LY3214996 inhibits both ERK 1 and 2, thereby preventing the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The MAPK/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor LY3214996","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor LY3214996","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3214996","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3214996","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514490"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785705"}]}}{"C65530":{"preferredName":"Erlotinib","code":"C65530","definitions":[{"description":"A quinazoline derivative with antineoplastic properties. Competing with adenosine triphosphate, erlotinib reversibly binds to the intracellular catalytic domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase, thereby reversibly inhibiting EGFR phosphorylation and blocking the signal transduction events and tumorigenic effects associated with EGFR activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERLOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Erlotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Erlotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"erlotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1135135"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"183321-74-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J4T82NDH7E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H23N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Erlotinib_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:114785"}]}}{"C2693":{"preferredName":"Erlotinib Hydrochloride","code":"C2693","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of non-small cell lung cancer. It is also used together with gemcitabine to treat pancreatic cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Erlotinib hydrochloride is a type of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a quinazoline derivative with antineoplastic properties. Competing with adenosine triphosphate, erlotinib reversibly binds to the intracellular catalytic domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase, thereby reversibly inhibiting EGFR phosphorylation and blocking the signal transduction events and tumorigenic effects associated with EGFR activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CP-358,774","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cp-358,774","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERLOTINIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Erlotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Erlotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Erlotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erlotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-Ethynylphenyl)-6,7-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)-4-quinazolinamine Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-774","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-774","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Tarceva","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tarceva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"erlotinib hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"718781"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1533491"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"183319-69-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Malignant glioma; Locally advanced or metastic non-small cell lung carcinoma; Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic pancreatic carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DA87705X9K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38428"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38428"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H23N3O4.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Erlotinib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:53509"}]}}{"C2658":{"preferredName":"Ertumaxomab","code":"C2658","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody with two antigen-recognition sites: one for CD3, an antigen expressed on mature T cells, and one for HER-2-neu, a tumor-associated antigen that promotes tumor growth. Ertumaxomab attaches to CD3-expressing T cells and HER-2-neu-expressing tumor cells, selectively cross-linking tumor and immunologic cells which results in the recruitment of cytotoxic T cells to the T cell/tumor cell aggregate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD3 x anti-HER-2-neu Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERTUMAXOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ertumaxomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ertumaxomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1723386"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"509077-99-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L5L45YGP1O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38498"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38498"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD3_x_anti-HER-2-neu_Bispecific_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C99767":{"preferredName":"Erythrocyte-encapsulated L-asparaginase Suspension","code":"C99767","definitions":[{"description":"A suspension of erythrocytes encapsulating L-asparaginase with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of erythrocyte-encapsulated L-asparaginase suspension, L-asparagine is hydrolyzed to L-aspartic acid and ammonia in plasma, thereby depleting tumor cells of asparagine. Due to low asparagine synthetase activity in tumor cells, de novo synthesis of asparagine is suppressed within tumor cells. Shortage of asparagine prevents synthesis of important proteins necessary for tumor cell growth. Encapsulation of asparaginase in erythrocytes decreases the immunogenicity of exogenous protein, enhances its circulation time and may limit toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Erythrocyte-encapsulated L-asparaginase Suspension","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Erythrocyte-encapsulated L-asparaginase Suspension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRASPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433492"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724517"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724517"}]}}{"C972":{"preferredName":"Esorubicin","code":"C972","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Esorubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. This agent exhibits less cardiotoxicity than the parent antibiotic doxorubicin, but may cause more severe myelosupression compared to other compounds within the anthracycline class.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-Deoxyadriamycin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Deoxydoxorubicin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxyadriamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxydoxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Deoxydoxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Esorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMI-58","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"267469"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0047760"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"63521-85-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RMC41L2WQ3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39211"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39211"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO10"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Deoxydoxorubicin"}]}}{"C74943":{"preferredName":"Esorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C74943","definitions":[{"description":"A hydrochloride salt of esorubicin, a derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Esorubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. This agent exhibits less cardiotoxicity than the parent antibiotic doxorubicin, but may cause more severe myelosupression compared to other compounds within the anthracycline class.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S-(2alpha(8R*,10R*),4beta,6beta))-10-((4-Aminotetrahydro-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxynaphthacene-5,12-dione Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Deoxyadriamycin HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Deoxydoxorubicin HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxydoxorubicin HCI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Esorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700018"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"63950-06-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2UB1JJT82D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H29NO10.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Esorubicin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1301":{"preferredName":"Esperamicin A1","code":"C1301","definitions":[{"description":"An enediyne antineoplastic antibiotic hybrid containing an anthranilate moiety. Esperamicin A1 is isolated from the bacterium Actinomadura verrucosospora. The anthranilate component of esperamicin A1 intercalates DNA and the benzene diradical intermediate of the enediyne core binds to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESPERAMICIN A1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Esperamicin A1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esperamicin A1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"372668"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0082481"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"99674-26-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PLX8T21X8G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Esperamicin_A1"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:53273"}]}}{"C26649":{"preferredName":"Essiac","code":"C26649","definitions":[{"description":"An herbal tea mixture that contains burdock root, Indian rhubarb root, sheep sorrel, and slippery elm bark. It has been claimed to remove toxins from the body, make the immune system stronger, relieve pain, control diabetes, treat AIDS, reduce tumor size, increase cancer survival, and improve quality of life. No clinical trial using Essiac in humans has been reported in a peer-reviewed, scientific journal, and the FDA has not approved the use of Essiac for the treatment of any medical conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An herbal formula containing burdock root (Arctium lappa), Turkey rhubarb root (Rheum palmatum), sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella), and slippery elm bark (Ulmus fulva) with potential immunostimulating, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. The extract's chemical profile, their respective concentrations and the mechanism of action of Essiac are largely unknown due to the proprietary nature of the formula and product inconsistency. Several chemical classes in Essiac are consistently represented and may attribute to its therapeutic effect, including anthraquinone derivatives such as rhein and emodin, high molecular polysaccharides, and lignans such as arctigenin. However, all these chemicals are unlikely to occur in high concentrations in Essiac, and its potential therapeutic effect may be attributed to a potential synergistic effect of these various compounds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esiak","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Essiac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Essiac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0673827"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304440"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304440"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Essiac"}]}}{"C154677":{"preferredName":"Esterified Estrogens","code":"C154677","definitions":[{"description":"A mixture of the sodium salts of the sulfate esters of estrogen including sodium estrone sulfate, sodium equilin sulfate and the concomitant component, 17 alpha-estradiol, that is used for estrogen replacement. Estrogens bind to nuclear receptors in estrogen-responsive tissues and modulate the secretion of the gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), stimulate skeletal growth, and have a widespread effect on metabolic processes including protein transport and electrolyte balance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESTROGENS, ESTERIFIED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Esterified Estrogens","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estrogens, Esterified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Menest (BR)","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0717752"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3ASP8Q3768"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1090":{"preferredName":"Estradiol Valerate","code":"C1090","definitions":[{"description":"The parenterally-administered synthetic valerate ester of estradiol, a steroid sex hormone vital to the maintenance of fertility and secondary sexual characteristics in females. As the primary, most potent estrogen hormone produced by the ovaries, estradiol binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors. This agent exhibits mild anabolic and metabolic properties, and increases blood coagulability. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Delestrogen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESTRADIOL VALERATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Estradiol Valerate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"17590"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059623"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"979-32-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OKG364O896"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39270"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39270"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H32O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Estradiol_Valerate"}]}}{"C479":{"preferredName":"Estramustine","code":"C479","definitions":[{"description":"A combination of the hormone estradiol (an estrogen) and nitrogen mustard (an anticancer drug). Used in the palliative therapy of prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic molecule combining estradiol and nornitrogen mustard through a carbamate link. Estramustine and its major metabolite estramustine bind to microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule dynamics and leading to anaphase arrest in a dose-dependent fashion. This agent also exhibits anti-androgenic effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17beta-(estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol 3-(bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate))","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESTRAMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Estradiol 3-[bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate]","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Estramustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leo 275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 21-8837","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"estra-1,3,5(10)triene-317beta-diol 3-[N,N-bis-(2-chloroethyl)carbamate]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"estradiol 3-bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"estramustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"89201"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014921"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2998-57-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Prostate Neoplasm"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"35LT29625A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H31Cl2NO3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Estramustine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4868"}]}}{"C480":{"preferredName":"Estramustine Phosphate Sodium","code":"C480","definitions":[{"description":"The orally available disodium salt, monohydrate, of estramustine phosphate, a synthetic molecule that combines estradiol and nornitrogen mustard through a carbamate link. Estramustine and its major metabolite estramustine bind to microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule dynamics and leading to anaphase arrest in a dose-dependent fashion. This agent also exhibits anti-androgenic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESTRAMUSTINE PHOSPHATE SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Emcyt","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estracyt","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estracyt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Estramustine 17-(Dihydrogenphosphate) Disodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estramustine Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estramustine Phosphate Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Estramustine Phosphate Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estramustine Sodium Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estramustine phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Estramustine sodium phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leo 299","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leo-299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro-21-8837/001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"89199"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014922"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52205-73-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"75F375MT2N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39235"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39235"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H30Cl2NO6P.2Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Estramustine_Phosphate_Sodium"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31562"}]}}{"C96432":{"preferredName":"Estrogen Receptor Agonist GTx-758","code":"C96432","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor (ER) alpha agonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of GTx-758, this agent suppresses the secretion of the gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) by the pituitary gland through feedback inhibition. In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the synthesis of androgens, including testosterone, by the testes. This may result in suppressed total serum testosterone to the levels observed in castration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Capesaris","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estrogen Receptor Agonist GTx-758","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Estrogen Receptor Agonist GTx-758","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GTx-758","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272775"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698431"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698431"}]}}{"C482":{"preferredName":"Estrogens, Conjugated","code":"C482","definitions":[{"description":"Purified orally bioavailable female sex hormones isolated from pregnant mare urine or synthetically derived from plant materials and primarily conjugated as sulfate esters. Estrogen binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors, which, in turn, bind to estrogen response elements (EREs) in target genes, resulting in histone acetylation, alteration of chromatin conformation, and initiation of transcription. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATC:G03CA57","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conestron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conjugated Estrogens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESTROGENS, CONJUGATED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Estrogens, Conjugated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Femest","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Premarin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Premarin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sodestrin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tag-39","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"18313"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014938"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"12126-59-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Advanced androgen-dependent prostate cancer, palliative; Breast cancer, palliative; Estrogen replacement; Menopausal symptoms; Postmenopausal osteoporosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IU5QR144QX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39237"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39237"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Conjugated_Estrogens"}]}}{"C1626":{"preferredName":"Etalocib","code":"C1626","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called leukotriene B4 receptor antagonists.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A second-generation selective leukotriene B4 receptor (LTB4R) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact underlying mechanism through which LY293111 exerts its effects has not been fully elucidated, this agent selectively binds to and blocks LTB4Rs, thereby inhibiting the downstream signalling pathway. LY29311 has been shown to induce apoptosis and inhibits cellular proliferation in LTB4R expressing cells, such as pancreatic cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[2-Propyl-3-[3-[2-ethyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-hydroxyphenoxy]propoxy]phenoxy]benzoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-[3-[3-[(5-Ethyl-4'-fluoro-2-hydroxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)oxy]propoxy]-2-propylphenoxy]benzoic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2-[3-[3-[(5-Ethyl-4'-fluoro-2-hydroxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)oxy]propoxy]-2-propylphenoxy]benzoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETALOCIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etalocib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY293111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY293111","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0298619"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"161172-51-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"THY6RIW44R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38111"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38111"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H33FO6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LY293111"}]}}{"C2381":{"preferredName":"Etanercept","code":"C2381","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is commonly used to treat arthritis. It is also being studied in the treatment of cancer, and as a treatment for loss of appetite and weight loss in cancer patients. It belongs to the family of drugs called tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant soluble dimeric fusion protein consisting of the extracellular ligand-binding region of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rhTNF) receptor attached to the constant (Fc) region of human immunoglobulin G (FcIgG). The receptor moiety of etanercept binds to circulating TNF (2 molecules of TNF per receptor) and inhibits its attachment to endogenous TNF cell surface receptors, thereby rendering TNF inactive and inhibiting TNF-mediated mechanisms of inflammation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETANERCEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Enbrel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etanercept","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etanercept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFR:Fc","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor IgG Chimera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"etanercept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0717758"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"185243-69-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"juvenile arthritis; psoriatic arthritis; rheumatoid arthritis."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OP401G7OJC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257809"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Etanercept"}]}}{"C1092":{"preferredName":"Etanidazole","code":"C1092","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that increases the effectiveness of radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 2-nitroimidazole with radiosensitizing properties. Etanidazole depletes glutathione and inhibits glutathione transferase, thereby enhancing the cytotoxicity of ionizing radiation. This agent may also be useful as an imaging agent for identifying hypoxic, drug-resistant regions of primary tumors or metastases. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Imidazole-1-acetamide, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-nitro-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Nitroimidazole-1-acetamide, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETANIDAZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etanidazole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etanidazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etanidazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SR-2508","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"etanidazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"301467"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059682"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"22668-01-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"30DKA3Q1HL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39446"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39446"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H10N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Etanidazole"}]}}{"C1800":{"preferredName":"Etaracizumab","code":"C1800","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer and other conditions. Abegrin binds to a protein on the surface of blood vessels and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It may also prevent the spread of cancer. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent, a type of metastasis inhibitor, and a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal IgG1 antibody directed against the vitronectin receptor alpha v beta 3 integrin. Etaracizumab blocks the binding of ligands, such as vitronectin, to alpha v beta 3 integrin, resulting in inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis. Alpha v beta 3 integrin is a cell adhesion and signaling receptor that is expressed on the surface of tumor vessel endothelial cells, some tumor cells, and a number of other cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abegrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abegrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ETARACIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etaracizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etaracizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Monoclonal Antibody LM609","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-522","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-522","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Anti-Avb3 Integrin Medi-522","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Anti-alpha V Beta 3 Integrin MEDI-522","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitaxin","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"etaracizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"humanized monoclonal antibody MEDI-522","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"719850"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2350723"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"892553-42-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"41W9MFI160"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38491"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38491"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vitaxin"}]}}{"C96705":{"preferredName":"Etarotene","code":"C96705","definitions":[{"description":"An ethylsulfonyl derivative of arotinoic acid with differentiation inducing and potential antineoplastic activities. Like other retinoic acid agents, etarotene binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing changes in the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-((E)-p-(Ethylsulfonyl)-alpha-methylstyryl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arotinoid Ethyl Sulfone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arotinoid Ethyl Sulphone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETAROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Naphthalene, 6-(2-(4-(ethylsulfonyl)phenyl)-1-methylethenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-, (E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 15-1570/000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272976"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"87719-32-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PD3817FE9N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H32O2S"}]}}{"C116713":{"preferredName":"Ethaselen","code":"C116713","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable organoselenium inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ethaselen specifically binds to the selenocysteine-cysteine redox pair in the C-terminal active site of TrxR1 and inhibits its activity, which may result in growth inhibition and the induction of apoptosis in TrxR1 overexpressing tumor cells. TrxR1, upregulated in many cancer cell types, plays a key role in various redox-dependent cellular pathways, regulates transcription factor activity, inhibits apoptosis, and promotes cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1, 2-[Bis (1, 2-Benzisoselenazolone-3 (2H) -Ketone)] Ethane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBSKE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETHASELEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ethaselen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1312515"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4Q2EZS1IWG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762438"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762438"}]}}{"C486":{"preferredName":"Ethinyl Estradiol","code":"C486","definitions":[{"description":"A semisynthetic estrogen. Ethinyl estradiol binds to the estrogen receptor complex and enters the nucleus, activating DNA transcription of genes involved in estrogenic cellular responses. This agent also inhibits 5-alpha reductase in epididymal tissue, which lowers testosterone levels and may delay progression of prostatic cancer. In addition to its antineoplastic effects, ethinyl estradiol protects against osteoporosis. In animal models, short-term therapy with this agent has been shown to provide long-term protection against breast cancer, mimicking the antitumor effects of pregnancy. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(17alpha)-19-Norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-yne-3,17-diol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(17alpha)-19-Norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-yne-3,17-diol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diogyn E","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diogyn E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Diogyn-E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ETHINYL ESTRADIOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Estinyl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estinyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ethinoral","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethinoral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ethinyl Estradiol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ethinyl Estradiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethinylestradiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ethinylestradiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eticylol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eticylol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Feminone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Feminone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Inestra","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inestra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lynoral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lynoral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Orestralyn","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orestralyn","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"10973"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015011"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57-63-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Advanced androgen-dependent prostate cancer, palliative; Breast cancer, palliative; Estrogen replacement; Menopausal symptoms; Postmenopausal osteoporosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"423D2T571U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39238"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39238"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H24O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ethinyl_Estradiol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4903"}]}}{"C1009":{"preferredName":"Ethyleneimine","code":"C1009","definitions":[{"description":"A monofunctional alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Reacting with DNA mainly at guanine and adenine residues, ethylenimine alkylates DNA, thereby producing DNA interstrand crosslinks and DNA breaks, and interfering with DNA replication and cell division. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZIRIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aminoethylene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azacyclopropane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azirane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aziridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethyleneimine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethylenimine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethyleneimine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethylenimine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethylimine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0052794"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"151-56-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"54P5FEX9FH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C2H5N"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ethylenimine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:30969"}]}}{"C26563":{"preferredName":"Ethylnitrosourea","code":"C26563","definitions":[{"description":"A nitrosourea with potential antineoplastic activity. Used experimentally as a mutagen and carcinogen, ethylnitrosourea alkylates DNA and proteins, thereby damaging DNA and inducing point mutations. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Ethyl-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethylnitrosourea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-ETHYL-N-NITROSOUREA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"N-Ethyl-N-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitrosoethylurea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"45403"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015111"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"759-73-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P8M1T4190R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C3H7N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ethylnitrosourea"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:23995"}]}}{"C125901":{"preferredName":"Etidronate-Cytarabine Conjugate MBC-11","code":"C125901","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic conjugate composed of the bisphosphonate etidronate linked to the cytostatic agent and antimetabolite cytarabine, with potential antineoplastic and antiresorptive activities. Upon intravenous administration of the etidronate-cytarabine conjugate MBC-11, the etidronate moiety targets bone and the two moieties are released upon hydrolysis. Etidronate binds to hydroxyapatite crystals in bone tissues and prevents its resorption. This prevents bone destruction and induces bone cell mineralization. In addition, the bone-targeting nature of this agent allows for the accumulation of cytarabine in bone tissue, where it is able to exert its antitumor effect locally by competing with cytidine for incorporation into DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis, while reducing systemic exposure. This leads to a destruction of bone-associated tumor cells, an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and bone metastasis, and prevents tumor-mediated bone destruction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Etidronate-Cytarabine Conjugate MBC-11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etidronate-ara-C Conjugate MBC-11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBC-11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504550"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778808"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778808"}]}}{"C74069":{"preferredName":"Etirinotecan Pegol","code":"C74069","definitions":[{"description":"An extended-release (ER) formulation composed of irinotecan, which is a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin and a topoisomerase I-inhibitor prodrug, that is conjugated, via a proprietary biodegradable ester-based linker, to polyethylene glycol (PEG), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of etirinotecan pegol (EP), the agent penetrates into the leaky tumor vasculature and accumulates in the tumor. The linker slowly hydrolyzes and releases irinotecan, which leads to sustained exposure of the tumor to irinotecan. In turn, irinotecan is converted to the biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN38) by a carboxylesterase. SN38 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex of topoisomerase I and DNA; this results in DNA breaks that inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptosis. Pegylation provides improved systemic exposure, increases drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of therapeutic effects while lowering the toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETIRINOTECAN PEGOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etirinotecan Pegol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etirinotecan Pegol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKTR 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKTR-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onzeald","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-Irinotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3659087"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"848779-32-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LJ16641SFT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586949"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586949"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pegylated_Irinotecan_NKTR_102"}]}}{"C489":{"preferredName":"Etoglucid","code":"C489","definitions":[{"description":"An epoxide compound with potential antineoplastic alkylating activity. Etoglucid is able to crosslink DNA via its epoxide group, resulting in disruption of DNA function and cell cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Bis[2-(2, 3-epoxypropoxy)ethoxy]ethane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,2-bis[2-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)ethoxy]ethane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,2:15,16-Diepoxy-4,7,10, 13-tetraoxahexadecane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,2:15,16-diepoxy-4,7,10,13-tetraoxahexadecane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,2'-(2,5,8,11-tetraoxadodecane-1,12-diyl)bisoxirane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETOGLUCID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Epodyl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epodyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ethane, 1, 2-bis[2-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)ethoxy]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ethoglucid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ethoglucid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etoglucid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etoglucid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ICI 32865","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ICI-32865","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triethylene Glycol Diglycidyl Ether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triethylene glycol diglycidyl ether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"80439"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015039"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1954-28-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4F9KUA0T4D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39233"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39233"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H22O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Etoglucid"}]}}{"C491":{"preferredName":"Etoposide","code":"C491","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat testicular and small cell lung cancers. It is also being studied in the treatment of several other types of cancer. Vepesid blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of podophyllotoxin derivative and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin, a substance extracted from the mandrake root Podophyllum peltatum. Possessing potent antineoplastic properties, etoposide binds to and inhibits topoisomerase II and its function in ligating cleaved DNA molecules, resulting in the accumulation of single- or double-strand DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication and transcription, and apoptotic cell death. Etoposide acts primarily in the G2 and S phases of the cell cycle. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-[4,6-O-ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-[(4,6-O-Ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy)-5,8,8a,9-tetrahydro-5-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)furo[3',4':6,7]naphtho[2,3-d]-1,3-dioxol-6(5aH)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Demethyl Epipodophyllotoxin Ethylidine Glucoside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPEG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETOPOSIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ETOPOSIDE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Etoposide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etoposide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Etoposide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etoposide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Etoposide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lastet","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toposar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VP 16","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VP 16-213","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VP-16","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VP-16","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VP-16-213","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VP16","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vepesid","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vepesid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Vepesid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"etoposide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"141540"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015133"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"33419-42-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hypereosinophilic syndrome; Kaposi's sarcoma; Langerhans cell histiocytosis; Mobilization of peripheral-blood progenitor cells; Multiple myeloma; Neuroblastoma; Non-small lung cancer; Osteogenic sarcoma"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Ovarian cancer; Retinoblastoma; Small cell lung cancer; Soft tissue sarcomas; Testicular cancer; Thymoma; Thyroid cancer; Uterine cancer; Wilms' tumor"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute leukemia; Adrenal cortical cancer; Brain cancer; Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia; Choriocarcinoma; Esophageal cancer; Ewing's sarcoma; Gastric cancer; Germ Cell cancer; Gestational trophoblastic neoplasms; Hepatocellular cancer; Hodgkin's disease"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6PLQ3CP4P3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39207"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39207"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H32O13"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Etoposide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4911"}]}}{"C1093":{"preferredName":"Etoposide Phosphate","code":"C1093","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat testicular and small cell lung cancers. It is also being studied in the treatment of several other types of cancer. Etopophos blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of podophyllotoxin derivative and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A phosphate salt of a semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin. Etoposide binds to the enzyme topoisomerase II, inducing double-strand DNA breaks, inhibiting DNA repair, and resulting in decreased DNA synthesis and tumor cell proliferation. Cells in the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle are most sensitive to this agent. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETOPOSIDE PHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etopophos","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etopophos","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Etoposide Phosphate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Etoposide Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etoposide Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"etoposide phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059874"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"117091-64-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hepatocellular cancer; Hodgkins disease; Hypereosinophilic syndrome; Kaposis sarcoma; Testicular cancer; Thymoma; Thyroid cancer; Uterine cancer; Wilms tumor"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis; Mobilization of peripheral-blood progenitor cells; Multiple myeloma; Neuroblastoma; Non-small lung cancer; Osteogenic sarcoma; Ovarian cancer; Retinoblastoma; Small cell lung cancer; Soft tissue sarcomas"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute leukemia; Adrenal cortical cancer; Brain cancer; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia; Choriocarcinoma; Esophageal cancer; Ewings sarcoma; Gastric cancer; Germ cell cancer; Gestational trophoblastic neoplasms"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"528XYJ8L1N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42801"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42801"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H33O16P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Etoposide_Phosphate"}]}}{"C114977":{"preferredName":"Etoposide Toniribate","code":"C114977","definitions":[{"description":"A prodrug of etoposide, a semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin extracted from the mandrake root Podophyllum peltatum, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of etoposide toniribate, etoposide is released after enzymatic cleavage of CAP7.1 by specific carboxylesterases (CE) 1 and 2, which are upregulated in certain tumor cell types. Etoposide acts primarily in the G2 and S phases of the cell cycle. This drug binds to and inhibits topoisomerase II, an enzyme elevated in tumor cells. This results in the accumulation of double-strand DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication and transcription and the induction of apoptotic cell death. The tumor-specific activation of etoposide increases its efficacy while lowering its systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAP7.1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDO-S7.1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETOPOSIDE TONIRIBATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etoposide Toniribate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472574"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"433304-61-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A59HL2Q48U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759515"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759515"}]}}{"C73236":{"preferredName":"Etoprine","code":"C73236","definitions":[{"description":"A lipophilic, diaminopyrimidine folate antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Etoprine inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in decreased cellular folate metabolism. This may eventually result in a reduction of cellular growth and the induction of apoptosis. In addition, this agent inhibits histamine-N-methyltransferase, resulting in decreased histamine catabolism. Lipid-soluble etoprine is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Diamino-5-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AI3-25008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DDEP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETOPRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ethodichlorophen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etoprine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"3062"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059875"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"18588-57-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"406PGU9KGI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H12Cl2N4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Etoprine"}]}}{"C52188":{"preferredName":"Etoricoxib","code":"C52188","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with antipyretic, analgesic, and potential antineoplastic properties. Etoricoxib specifically binds to and inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), resulting in inhibition of the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. Inhibition of COX-2 may induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Chloro-2-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-3-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl) Pyridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arcoxia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETORICOXIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Etoricoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Etoricoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-791456","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-0663","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0972314"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"202409-33-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WRX4NFY03R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462092"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462092"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H15ClN2O2S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Etoricoxib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6339"}]}}{"C125657":{"preferredName":"Ets-family Transcription Factor Inhibitor TK216","code":"C125657","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary biologic that inhibits the transcriptional-promoting activity of E26 transformation-specific (Ets, E-twenty-six) family transcription factors, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action through which this agent exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration, Ets-family transcription factor inhibitor TK216 inhibits transcriptional activation mediated by Ets family proteins, including the oncogenic Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1/Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (EWSR1/FLI1; EWS/FLI1) fusion protein. This agent may both inhibit the malignant downstream effects mediated by genomic rearrangements that result in the overexpression of Ets family transcription factors and decrease tumor cell growth and proliferation. A chromosomal translocation t(11;22)(q24;q12) fuses the EWSR1 gene and the FLI1 gene and encodes the EWSR1/FLI1 fusion protein, which is an oncoprotein expressed by peripheral primitive neuroectodermal (pPNET) tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ets-family Transcription Factor Inhibitor TK216","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ets-family Transcription Factor Inhibitor TK216","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TK-216","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TK216","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504343"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778521"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778521"}]}}{"C48387":{"preferredName":"Everolimus","code":"C48387","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced kidney cancer that did not respond to treatment with certain other anticancer drugs. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Afinitor stops cancer cells from dividing and may block the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It also decreases the body's immune responses. It is a type of immunosuppressant and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A derivative of the natural macrocyclic lactone sirolimus with immunosuppressant and anti-angiogenic properties. In cells, everolimus binds to the immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate an immunosuppressive complex that binds to and inhibits the activation of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), a key regulatory kinase. Inhibition of mTOR activation results in the inhibition of T lymphocyte activation and proliferation associated with antigen and cytokine (IL-2, IL-4, and IL-15) stimulation and the inhibition of antibody production. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1R,9S,12S,15R,16E,18R,19R,21R,23S,24E,26E,28E,30S,32S,35R)-1,18-Dihydroxy-12-((1R)-2-((1S,3R,4R)-4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-methoxycyclohexyl)-1-methylethyl)-19,30-dimethoxy-15,17,21,23,29,35-hexamethyl-11,36-dioxa-4-azatricyclo(30.3.1.04,9)hexatriaconta-16,24,26,28-tetraene-2,3,10,14,20-pentaone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"42-O-(2-Hydroxy)ethyl Rapamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Afinitor","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Afinitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Certican","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EVEROLIMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Everolimus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Everolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Everolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAD 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAD001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAD001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Votubia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zortress","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"everolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"733504"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0541315"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"159351-69-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"neuroendocrine tumors (NET) of gastrointestinal (GI), lung or pancreatic origin"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9HW64Q8G6G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"372905"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"372905"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C53H83NO14"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Everolimus"}]}}{"C102880":{"preferredName":"Everolimus Tablets for Oral Suspension","code":"C102880","definitions":[{"description":"Tablets for oral suspension containing everolimus, a derivative of the natural macrocyclic lactone sirolimus, with immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities. After suspension of the everolimus tablets in water and oral administration, this agent inhibits the activation of the serine/threonine kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) by binding to mTOR's cytosolic receptor immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12). Inhibition of the mTOR complex may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/Akt/mTOR pathway and an inhibition in the expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor. Ultimately, this may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. This pediatric formulation can dissolve easily in a small volume of water making it easier to swallow and is available in smaller dose increments thereby allowing for greater dosing flexibility.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Afinitor Disperz","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Everolimus Tablets for Oral Suspension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437183"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)-associated partial-onset seizures; TSC-associated subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) and TSC-associated renal angiomyolipoma"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739586"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739586"}]}}{"C71722":{"preferredName":"Evofosfamide","code":"C71722","definitions":[{"description":"A hypoxia-activated prodrug of the cytotoxin bromo-isophosphoramide mustard (Br-IPM) conjugated with 2-nitroimidazole, with potential antineoplastic activity. When exposed to hypoxic conditions, such as those found in hypoxic tumors, the 2-nitroimidazole moiety of evofosfamide is reduced. This releases the DNA-alkylating Br-IPM moiety, which introduces intra- and inter-strand DNA crosslinks in nearby cells; the crosslinks inhibit both DNA replication and cell division, and may lead to apoptosis of cells in the tumor. The inactive form of the prodrug is stable under normoxic conditions, which may limit systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EVOFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Evofosfamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Evofosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HAP TH-302","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypoxia-Activated Prodrug TH-302","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphorodiamidic Acid, N,N'-bis(2-bromoethyl)-, (1-methyl-2-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TH-302","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348906"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"918633-87-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8A9RZ3HN8W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560194"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560194"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HAP_TH-302"}]}}{"C131305":{"preferredName":"Ex Vivo-expanded Autologous T Cells IMA101","code":"C131305","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, specifically recognizing certain tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential antineoplastic activity. The endogenous T-cells are isolated, expanded ex vivo, and reintroduced back into the patient. Upon administration, the ex vivo-expanded autologous T-cells IMA101 target and kill tumor cells. The T-cells are analyzed beforehand for their ability to specifically recognize certain TAAs, based on a proprietary antigen warehouse.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTolog IMA101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ex Vivo-expanded Autologous T Cells IMA101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ex Vivo-expanded Autologous T Cells IMA101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA101 T-Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA101 T-cell Product","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514353"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785549"}]}}{"C1679":{"preferredName":"Exatecan Mesylate","code":"C1679","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic, water-soluble derivative of camptothecin with antineoplastic activity. Exatecan mesylate inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA and inhibiting religation of DNA breaks, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and triggering apoptotic cell death. This agent does not require enzymatic activation and exhibits greater potency than camptothecin and other camptothecin analogues. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"10H,13H-Benzo(de)pyrano(3'm4':6,7)indolizino(1,2-b)quinoline-10,13-dione, 1-amino-9-ethyl-5-fluoro-1,2,3,9,12,15-hexahydro-9-hydroxy-4-methyl-, (1S-trans)-, Methanesulfonate (1:1) (Salt), Dihydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DX-8951f","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DX-8951f","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"EXATECAN MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Exatecan Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exatecan Mesylate Dihydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exatecan Mesylate Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"exatecan mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935945"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"197720-53-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D2VJ1CC26Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43386"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43386"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H22FN3O4.CH4O3S.2H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Exatecan_Mesylate"}]}}{"C162348":{"preferredName":"Exatecan Mesylate Anhydrous","code":"C162348","definitions":[{"description":"The anhydrous, mesylate salt form of exatecan, a semisynthetic, water-soluble derivative of camptothecin, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, exatecan mesylate inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA and inhibiting re-ligation of DNA breaks, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and triggering apoptotic cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"10H,13H-Benzo(de)pyrano(3',4':6,7)indolizino(1,2-b)quinoline-10,13-dione, 1-Amino-9-ethyl-5-fluoro-1,2,3,9,12,15-hexahydro-9-hydroxy-4-methyl-, (1S,9S)-, Methanesulfonate (1:1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EXATECAN MESYLATE ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Exatecan Mesylate Anhydrous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970851"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"169869-90-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y76278R9RJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1097":{"preferredName":"Exemestane","code":"C1097","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced breast cancer and to prevent recurrent breast cancer in postmenopausal women who have already been treated with tamoxifen. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Aromasin causes a decrease in the amount of estrogen made by the body. It is a type of aromatase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic androgen analogue. Exemestane binds irreversibly to and inhibits the enzyme aromatase, thereby blocking the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone and the peripheral aromatization of androgenic precursors into estrogens. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Methyleneandrosta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aromasin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aromasin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"EXEMESTANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Exemestane","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Exemestane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Exemestane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exemestane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"FCE-24304","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"exemestane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"713563"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0851344"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"107868-30-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Estrogen Receptor-Positive Early Breast Cancer; early and advanced-stage breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NY22HMQ4BX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42297"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42297"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H24O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Exemestane"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:4953"}]}}{"C1239":{"preferredName":"Exisulind","code":"C1239","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment and prevention of cancer. It has been shown to cause apoptosis (cell death) in cells that are malignant (cancer) and in cells that may become cancer. It acts through a group of cellular enzymes called cGMP phosphodiesterases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inactive metabolite of the nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory agent sulindac. After oral administration, sulindac undergoes extensive biotransformation including irreversible oxidation to sulindac sulfone. Approximately, one half of an administered dose of sulindac is eliminated through the urine, mostly as the conjugated sulfone metabolite. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(Z)-5-Fluoro-2-methyl-1-[[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]methylene]-1H-indene-3-acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1H-Indene-3-acetic Acid, 5-Fluoro-2-methyl-1-((4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)methylene), (Z)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aptosyn","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EXISULIND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Exisulind","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Exisulind","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Exisulind","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exisulind","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"FGN-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulindac Sulfone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulindac sulfone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"exisulind","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"719619"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0075616"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"59973-80-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Colonic adenomatous polyps in the inherited disease adenomatous polyposis coli, control and suppression"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K619IIG2R9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43057"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43057"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H17FO4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sulindac_Sulfone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64212"}]}}{"C112498":{"preferredName":"Extended Release Flucytosine","code":"C112498","definitions":[{"description":"An extended release (ER) oral tablet that contains flucytosine (5-FC), a fluorinated cytosine analog, with antifungal activity and potential anti-cancer activity. Following oral administration of ER 5-FC, the 5-FC is deaminated to its active metabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). 5-FU replaces uracil during RNA synthesis, which consequently inhibits downstream protein synthesis. In addition, 5-FU is metabolized further to 5-fluorodeoxyuridylic acid monophosphate, which inhibits thymidylate synthetase. Inhibition of this enzyme interrupts nucleotide synthesis, DNA replication and cell proliferation. Negative regulation of protein synthesis, DNA replication and cell proliferation can lead to cell death. Following ingestion of ER 5-FC, intravenous injection of a retroviral vector encoding cytosine deaminase (TC 511) at a tumor site may result in higher local concentrations of 5-FU and its metabolites, and increased tumor cell death than other 5-FU treatment regimens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extended Release 5-FC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extended Release 5-Fluorocytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extended Release Flucytosine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Extended Release Flucytosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extended-Release 5-FC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extended-Release 5-Fluorocytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extended-Release Flucytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toca FC","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454672"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755027"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755027"}]}}{"C113797":{"preferredName":"Extended-release Onapristone","code":"C113797","definitions":[{"description":"An extended-release (ER) formulation of onapristone, an orally bioavailable progesterone receptor (PR) antagonist, with antineoplastic activity. Onapristone binds to the PR and inhibits both PR activation and the associated expression of PR-responsive genes. This may inhibit PR-mediated proliferative effects in cancer cells overexpressing PR. PR is expressed on certain cancer cell types and plays a key role in proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ER Onapristone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extended-release Onapristone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471779"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757592"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757592"}]}}{"C127114":{"preferredName":"Valemetostat","code":"C127114","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferases enhancer of zeste homolog 1 (EZH1) and 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, valemetostat selectively inhibits the activity of both wild-type and mutated forms of EZH1 and EZH2. Inhibition of EZH1/2 specifically prevents the methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways, enhances transcription of certain target genes, and results in decreased proliferation of EZH1/2-expressing cancer cells. EZH1/2, histone lysine methyltransferase (HMT) class enzymes and catalytic subunits of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), are overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, progression, stem cell self-renewal and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS 3201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-3201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS3201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VALEMETOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Valemetostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Valemetostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507903"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1809336-39-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"60RD0234VE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780797"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780797"}]}}{"C121639":{"preferredName":"Lirametostat","code":"C121639","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferase EZH2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, lirametostat selectively inhibits the activity of both wild-type and mutated forms of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased proliferation of EZH2-expressing cancer cells. EZH2, a histone lysine methyltransferase (HMT) class enzyme and the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation; its expression is correlated with tumor initiation, progression, stem cell self-renewal, migration and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPI-1205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EZH2 Inhibitor CPI-1205","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIRAMETOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lirametostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lirametostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053654"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1621862-70-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"455J2479FY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770459"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770459"}]}}{"C156743":{"preferredName":"EZH2 Inhibitor PF-06821497","code":"C156743","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferase (HMT) enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EZH2 inhibitor PF-06821497 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased proliferation of EZH2-expressing cancer cells. EZH2, an HMT class enzyme and the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation; its expression is correlated with tumor initiation, progression, stem cell self-renewal, migration and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1(2H)-Isoquinolinone, 5,8-Dichloro-2-((1,2-dihydro-4-methoxy-6-methyl-2-oxo-3-pyridinyl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-7-((R)-methoxy-3-oxetanylmethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EZH2 Inhibitor PF-06821497","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06821497","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06821497","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06821497","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PF06821497","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935894"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1844849-10-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S4L4MM20B6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795703"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795703"}]}}{"C158742":{"preferredName":"EZH2 Inhibitor SHR2554","code":"C158742","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferase (HMT) enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EZH2 inhibitor SHR2554 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased proliferation of EZH2-expressing cancer cells. EZH2, an HMT class enzyme and the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation; its expression is correlated with tumor initiation, progression, stem cell self-renewal, migration and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EZH2 Inhibitor SHR2554","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Inhibitor SHR2554","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 2554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-2554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR2554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL950708"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797374"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797374"}]}}{"C91395":{"preferredName":"F16-IL2 Fusion Protein","code":"C91395","definitions":[{"description":"An immunocytokine of the human monoclonal antibody fragment F16 (scFv) against the extra-domain A1 of tenascin-C fused, via a short 5-amino acid linker, to a recombinant form of the human cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The monoclonal antibody portion of the F16-IL2 fusion protein binds to tumor cells expressing the tumor associated antigen (TAA) tenascin-C. In turn, the IL-2 moiety of the fusion protein stimulates natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and neutrophils and induces T-cell antitumor cellular immune responses thereby selectively killing tenascin-C-expressing tumor cells. In addition, F16-IL2 may potentiate the cytotoxicity of other chemotherapeutic agents. Tenascin-C, a glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix, is expressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"F16-IL2 Fusion Protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teleukin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421592"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674718"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674718"}]}}{"C107239":{"preferredName":"FACT Complex-targeting Curaxin CBL0137","code":"C107239","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available curaxin-based agent targeting the Facilitates Chromatin Transcription (FACT) complex, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CBL0137 binds to FACT and sequesters the FACT complex on chromatin, which inhibits its activity. This prevents transcription of certain genes involved in cancer-associated signaling pathways; it specifically inhibits the transcription of both NF-kappa B and heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) and simultaneously activates p53. This causes an increase in tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation, in FACT-positive cancers. In addition, this agent is able to sensitize FACT-positive tumor cells to the cytotoxic effects of other chemotherapeutic agents. FACT, a transcription and replication factor composed of the Structure Specific Recognition Protein (SSRP1) and suppressor of Ty 16 (Spt16) proteins, is expressed in a variety of tumor cells while almost absent in normal cells; its expression is associated with increased tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CBL0137","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FACT Complex-targeting Curaxin CBL0137","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FACT Complex-targeting Curaxin CBL0137","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827145"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750614"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750614"}]}}{"C129313":{"preferredName":"Factor VII-targeting Immunoconjugate Protein ICON-1","code":"C129313","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoconjugate (ICON) fusion protein composed of a modified version of human factor VII (FVII) which targets tissue factor (TF) that is fused to the Fc domain of the human immunoglobulin G1, with potential anti-thrombotic and antineoplastic activities. Acting in a similar manner as plasma FVII, the natural ligand of TF, ICON-1 targets and binds to TF expressed on neovascular endothelia, thereby preventing TF-mediated signaling pathways, and leading to the initiation of an immune response and the destruction of neovascular tissue. This prevents angiogenesis, inflammation and blood coagulation. Upon intravitreal administration, ICON-1 may block TF-induced angiogenesis and treat wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and ocular melanoma. TF, a naturally occurring glycoprotein in humans, regulates blood clotting, angiogenesis, and inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FVII Modified Conjugate ICON-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FVII-targeting Immunoconjugate Protein ICON-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Factor VII-targeting Immunoconjugate Protein ICON-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Factor VII-targeting Immunoconjugate Protein ICON-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Immuno-conjugate 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICON-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VII-Fc Fusion Protein ICON-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512298"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783145"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783145"}]}}{"C88324":{"preferredName":"Factor VIIa Inhibitor PCI-27483","code":"C88324","definitions":[{"description":"A reversible small-molecule inhibitor of activated factor VII (factor VIIa) with potential antineoplastic and antithrombotic activities. FVII, a serine protease, becomes activated (FVIIa) upon binding with TF forming the FVIIa/TF complex, which induces intracellular signaling pathways by activating protease activated receptor 2 (PAR-2). Upon subcutaneous administration, factor VIIa inhibitor PCI-27483 selectively inhibits factor FVIIa in the VIIa/TF complex, which may prevent PAR-2 activation and PAR2-mediated signal transduction pathways, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis of TF-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent inhibits both the extrinsic and intrinsic coagulation cascades, preventing blood clot formation. TF, a blood protein overexpressed on the cell surface of a variety of tumor cell types, may correlate with poor prognosis; PAR-2 (also known as thrombin receptor-like 1) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and a protease-activated receptor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Factor VIIa Inhibitor PCI-27483","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCI-27483","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413585"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661024"}]}}{"C1044":{"preferredName":"Fadrozole Hydrochloride","code":"C1044","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor fadrozole with potential antineoplastic activity. Fadrozole specifically inhibits aromatase, blocking the aromatization of androstenedione and testosterone into estrone and estradiol, respectively, the final step in estrogen biosynthesis; the reduction in estrogen levels may inhibit growth in estrogen-dependent cancers. Aromatase, a member of the cytochrome P-450 superfamily, is found in many tissues; overexpression has been linked to the development of preneoplastic and neoplastic changes in breast tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroimidazo(1,5-a)pyridin-5-yl)benzonitrile Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-(5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-yl)benzonitrile Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Afema","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arensin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGS-16949A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FADROZOLE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fadrozole Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0917743"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"102676-96-0"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"102676-31-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H0Q44H4ECQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41025"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41025"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H13N3.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fadrozole_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C88346":{"preferredName":"FAK Inhibitor GSK2256098","code":"C88346","definitions":[{"description":"A focal adhesion kinase-1 (FAK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. FAK inhibitor GSK2256098 inhibits FAK, which may prevent the integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signal transduction pathways, including ERK, JNK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt, thereby inhibiting tumor cell migration, proliferation and survival, and tumor angiogenesis. The tyrosine kinase FAK is normally activated by binding to integrins in the extracellular matrix (ECM) but may be upregulated and constitutively activated in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FAK Inhibitor GSK2256098","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Focal Adhesion Kinase Inhibitor GSK2256098","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2256098","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981865"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658411"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658411"}]}}{"C78199":{"preferredName":"FAK Inhibitor PF-00562271","code":"C78199","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule and ATP-competitive focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. FAK inhibitor PF-00562271 inhibits the tyrosine kinase FAK, and to a lesser extent, proline-rich tyrosine kinase (PYK2), which may inhibit tumor cell migration, proliferation, and survival. As FAK is a signal transducer for integrins, inhibition of FAK by this agent may prevent integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signals including ERK, JNK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt. FAK and PYK2, upregulated in many tumor cell types, are involved in tumor cell invasion, migration and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FAK Inhibitor PF-00562271","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Focal Adhesion Kinase Inhibitor PF-00562271","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-00562271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703113"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595536"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595536"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"FAK_Inhibitor_PF-00562271"}]}}{"C107238":{"preferredName":"FAK Inhibitor VS-4718","code":"C107238","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, VS-4718 inhibits FAK, blocks fibronectin-stimulated FAK autophosphorylation of Tyr397, and may prevent the integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signal transduction pathways, including ERK, JNK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt. This results in the reduction of the number of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and inhibits tumor cell migration, proliferation and survival. The cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase FAK is a signal transducer for integrins and is constitutively activated in various tumor cell types; it is involved in tumor cell invasion, migration and proliferation and plays a key role in the development, function and survival of CSCs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FAK Inhibitor VS-4718","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FAK Inhibitor VS-4718","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VS-4718","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3177516"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750562"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750562"}]}}{"C29316":{"preferredName":"Falimarev","code":"C29316","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine made with a form of a chicken virus that does not cause disease in humans. It is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. The virus is changed in the laboratory to make human proteins that may help immune cells in the body kill tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant fowlpox viral vector encoding the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), MUC-1, a transmembrane glycoprotein secreted by glandular epithelial tissues, and TRICOM, comprised of three co-stimulatory molecule transgenes (B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3). This agent may enhance CEA and MUC-1 presentation to antigen-presenting cells (APC) and may activate a cytotoxic T-cell response against CEA- and MUC-1-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Falimarev","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Falimarev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fowlpox-CEA(D609)-MUC1(L93)-TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fowlpox-CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANVAC-F","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fCEA-MUC-1-TRI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"falimarev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rFowlpox-CEA(D609)/MUC1(L93)/TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"recombinant fowlpox-CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"727027"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541350"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"685563-14-8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385667"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385667"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"rFowlpox-CEA_D609_MUC1_L93_TRICOM"}]}}{"C97512":{"preferredName":"Famitinib","code":"C97512","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Famitinib binds to and inhibits several RTKs, dysregulated in a variety of tumors, including stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit; SCFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2 and 3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and FMS-like tyrosine kinases Flt1 and Flt3. Inhibition of these RTKs may result in an inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and eventually tumor regression in tumor cells overexpressing these RTKs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4H-pyrrolo(3,2-c)pyridin-4-one, 5-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-2-((5-fluoro-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3h-indol-3-ylidene)methyl)-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAMITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Famitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-1020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR1020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273460"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"768FW21J3L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703815"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703815"}]}}{"C61503":{"preferredName":"Farletuzumab","code":"C61503","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody with potential antitumor activity. Farletuzumab specifically targets at glycoprotein 3 (GP-3), a cell surface antigen that is overexpressed on many epithelial-derived cancer cells. Upon binding to the GP-3 antigen, farletuzumab triggers a host immune response against GP-3 expressing cells resulting in cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FARLETUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Farletuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Farletuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORAb-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700602"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"896723-44-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2O09BG0OWA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486728"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486728"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-GP-3_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C1840":{"preferredName":"Farnesyltransferase/Geranylgeranyltransferase Inhibitor L-778,123","code":"C1840","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called enzyme inhibitors. It may inhibit the transformation of normal cells into cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benzonitrile derivative capable of inhibiting some prenyltransferases. L-778,123 is a dual inhibitor of farnesyl:protein and geranylgeranyl:protein transferases; both enzymes catalyze prenylation of oncoprotein KRAS, a prerequisite step in activation of KRAS in signal transduction pathway of apoptosis. Although this agent was developed in part as an anti-KRAS agent, L-778,123 failed in a Phase I trial to inhibit KRAS, which is associated with many types of solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[[5-[[4-(3-Chlorophenyl)-3-oxo-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-1H-imidazol-1-yl]methyl]benzonitrile Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"4-[[5-[[4-(3-Chlorophenyl)-3-oxo-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-1H-imidazol-1-yl]methyl]benzonitrile Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Farnesyltransferase/Geranylgeranyltransferase Inhibitor L-778,123","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L 778123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-778,123","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"L-778123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-778123","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796327"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"253863-00-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2A2059P49U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43144"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43144"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"L-778_123"}]}}{"C67041":{"preferredName":"Fas Receptor Agonist APO010","code":"C67041","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, soluble, hexameric fusion protein consisting of three human Fas ligand (FasL) extracellular domains fused to the dimer-forming collagen domain of human adiponectin with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Assembled into a soluble hexameric structure mimicking the ligand clustering of endogenous active FasL, Fas receptor agonist APO010 activates the Fas receptor, resulting in caspase-dependent apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations. FasL is a transmembrane protein of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily and a pro-apoptotic ligand for the death receptor Fas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APO010","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fas Receptor Agonist APO010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mega-FasLigand","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879517"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539307"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539307"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"APO010"}]}}{"C142086":{"preferredName":"Fascin Inhibitor NP-G2-044","code":"C142086","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the protein fascin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, NP-G2-044 targets and binds to fascin, thereby preventing the interaction of fascin with actin filaments, thereby preventing actin bundling and filopodia formation. By preventing actin cytoskeletal reorganization, the dynamic changes in cell shape that are necessary for tumor cell migration and invasion to occur are impaired, and tumor cell migration and metastasis are inhibited. Fascin, the main actin cross-linker protein in filopodia, is upregulated in many types of metastatic tumor cells while its expression is low or absent in normal adult epithelial cells; its expression is correlated with aggressive phenotypes, poor prognosis, and shorter survival. Filopodia, finger-like plasma membrane protrusions that are formed upon remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, are found at a high frequency in metastatic tumor cells and their presence is correlated with tumor cell invasiveness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methyl-N-(1-((4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methyl)-1H-indazol-3-yl)-3-furancarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fascin Inhibitor NP-G2-044","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fascin Inhibitor NP-G2-044","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NP G2 044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NP-G2-044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NP-G2-044","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540124"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1807454-59-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1ER2O3UZ4W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793138"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793138"}]}}{"C118285":{"preferredName":"FASN Inhibitor TVB-2640","code":"C118285","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable fatty acid synthase (FASN) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TVB-2640 binds to and blocks FASN, which prevents the synthesis of palmitate needed for tumor cell growth and survival. This leads to a reduction in cell signaling, an induction of tumor cell apoptosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. FASN, an enzyme responsible for the de novo synthesis of palmitic acid, is overexpressed in tumor cells and plays a key role in tumor metabolism, lipid signaling, tumor cell survival and drug resistance; tumor cells are dependent on increased fatty acid production for their enhanced metabolic needs and rapid growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FASN Inhibitor TVB-2640","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FASN Inhibitor TVB-2640","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TVB-2640","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474138"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764237"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764237"}]}}{"C1096":{"preferredName":"Fazarabine","code":"C1096","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active pyrimidine analogue of an aza-substituted cytidine in which the ribose moiety is replaced by an arabinose sugar. Similar in action to cytarabine, fazarabine is phosphorylated by deoxycytidine kinase to a triphosphate form which competes with thymidine for incorporation into DNA; its incorporation into DNA inhibits DNA synthesis, resulting in tumor cell death and tumor necrosis. The presence of deoxycytidine kinase in a tumor is a determinant of tumor sensitivity to this drug. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3, 5-Triazin-2(1H)-one, 4-Amino-1-beta-D- arabinofuranosyl- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,3, 5-Triazin-2(1H)-one, 4-amino-1-.beta.-D- arabinofuranosyl- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-.beta.-D-Arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-Beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ara AC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ara AC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"FAZARABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fazarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fazarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Kymarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Kymarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ara-AC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fazarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"281272"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0060103"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65886-71-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5V71D8JOKK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40564"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40564"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H12N4O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fazarabine"}]}}{"C65629":{"preferredName":"Febuxostat","code":"C65629","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, non-purine inhibitor of xanthine oxidase with uric acid lowering activity. Upon oral administration, febuxostat selectively and noncompetitively inhibits the activity of xanthine oxidase, an enzyme that converts oxypurines, including hypoxanthine and xanthine, into uric acid. By inhibiting xanthine oxidase, uric acid production is reduced and serum uric acid levels are lowered. Febuxostat may provide protection against acute renal failure caused by the excessive release of uric acid that occurs upon massive tumor cell lysis resulting from the treatment of some malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(3-Cyano-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl)-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenuric","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FEBUXOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Febuxostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMX 67","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uloric","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"16339094"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0249529"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"144060-53-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"101V0R1N2E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743107"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743107"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H16N2O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Febuxostat"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31596"}]}}{"C88293":{"preferredName":"Fedratinib","code":"C88293","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, ATP-competitive inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fedratinib competes with wild-type JAK2 as well as mutated forms for ATP binding, which may result in inhibition of JAK2 activation, inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. JAK2 is the most commonly mutated gene in bcr-abl-negative myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs). In addition, fedratinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3. This inhibits uncontrolled FLT3 signaling and results in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing FLT3. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-((5-methyl-2-((4-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethoxy)phenyl)amino)-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FEDRATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fedratinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fedratinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR302503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG101348","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2353170"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"936091-26-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6L1XP550I6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C162995":{"preferredName":"Fedratinib Hydrochloride","code":"C162995","definitions":[{"description":"The monohydrate dihydrochloride salt form of fedratinib, an orally bioavailable, small-molecule, ATP-competitive inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fedratinib competes with wild-type JAK2 as well as mutated forms for ATP binding, which may result in inhibition of JAK2 activation, inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. JAK2 is the most commonly mutated gene in bcr-abl-negative myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs). In addition, fedratinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3. This inhibits uncontrolled FLT3 signaling and results in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing FLT3. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, N-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3-((5-methyl-2-((4-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethoxy)phenyl)amino)-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)-, Hydrochloride, Hydrate (1:2:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FEDRATINIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fedratinib Dihydrochloride Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fedratinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fedratinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inrebic","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-tert-butyl-3-((5-methyl-2-((4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino) Benzenesulfonamide Dihydrochloride Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR302503a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973405"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1374744-69-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UH9J2HBQWJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657793"}]}}{"C116844":{"preferredName":"Fenebrutinib","code":"C116844","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, fenebrutinib inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways, which leads to the inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in B-lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor GDC-0853","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FENEBRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fenebrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fenebrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL774945"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E9L2885WUL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755178"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755178"}]}}{"C1098":{"preferredName":"Fenretinide","code":"C1098","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment and prevention of some types of cancer. Fenretinide may cause ceramide (a wax-like substance) to build up in tumor cells and kill them. It is a type of retinoid, which are substances related to vitamin A.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active synthetic phenylretinamide analogue of retinol (vitamin A) with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Fenretinide binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis in some tumor cell types. This agent also inhibits tumor growth by modulating angiogenesis-associated growth factors and their receptors and exhibits retinoid receptor-independent apoptotic properties. 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It may be used by the body more easily than the pill form. Fenretinide may cause ceramide (a wax-like substance) to build up in tumor cells and kill them. It is a type of retinoid, which are substances related to vitamin A.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable powder formulation of a synthetic phenylretinamide analogue of retinol with potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Fenretinide binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis in some tumor cell types, including those of the colon, breast, prostate, and neuroblastoma. Independent of RAR activation, this agent also modulates gene expression that leads to ceramide-induced, caspase-independent programmed cell death (PCD) via effectors such as ganglioside GD3 and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Compared to the capsule form, the powder contains a mixture of wheat flour, fats, and sugar that may contribute to the enhanced bioavailability of fenretinide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fenretinide LXS","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fenretinide Lipid Matrix","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fenretinide Lipid Matrix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fenretinide Lym-X-Sorb","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fenretinide LXS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"fenretinide Lym-X-Sorb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831747"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468556"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468556"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fenretinide_Lipid_Matrix"}]}}{"C77970":{"preferredName":"FGF Receptor Antagonist HGS1036","code":"C77970","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) fused to the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. FGFR1 receptor antagonist FP-1039 prevents FGFR ligands, such as FGF1, FGF2, FGF4, from binding to their cognate receptors, thereby inhibiting the activation of the related FGFR tyrosine kinases. Inhibition of FGFR1 by this agent may retard tumor cell proliferation and induce tumor cell death. FP-1039 may also inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis. FGFR1 is a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in certain tumor cells and involved in tumor cellular proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and survival; most ligands that bind to FGFR1 also bind to the related receptors FGFR3 and FGFR4.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGF Receptor Antagonist HGS1036","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FGF Receptor Antagonist HGS1036","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FP-1039","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FP-1039","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GSK3052230","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGS1036","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703098"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CTG26PRE5S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599037"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599037"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"FGF_Receptor_Antagonist_FP-1039"}]}}{"C118672":{"preferredName":"FGF/FGFR Pathway Inhibitor E7090","code":"C118672","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the FGF/FGFR pathway inhibitor E7090 selectively interferes with the binding of FGF to FGFR through an as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism. This inhibits FGFR-mediated signaling and leads to both cell proliferation inhibition and cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival; its expression is upregulated in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E-7090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E-7090","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"E7090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGF/FGFR Pathway Inhibitor E7090","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896866"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TN7CUD1NGA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766006"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766006"}]}}{"C122719":{"preferredName":"FGFR Inhibitor ASP5878","code":"C122719","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR inhibitor ASP5878 binds to and inhibits FGFR, which results in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP5878","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor ASP5878","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor ASP5878","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471763"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756907"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756907"}]}}{"C88272":{"preferredName":"FGFR Inhibitor AZD4547","code":"C88272","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. FGFR inhibitor AZD4547 binds to and inhibits FGFR, which may result in the inhibition of FGFR-related signal transduction pathways, and, so, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. FGFR, up-regulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to tumor cellular proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD4547","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor AZD4547","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor AZD4547","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412460"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655951"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655951"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63453"}]}}{"C111988":{"preferredName":"FGFR Inhibitor Debio 1347","code":"C111988","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor subtypes 1 (FGFR-1), 2 (FGFR-2) and 3 (FGFR-3), with potential antineoplastic activity. FGFR inhibitor debio 1347 binds to and inhibits FGFR-1, -2, and -3, which result in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This leads to the inhibition of both tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis, and causes cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many tumor cell types, is essential for tumor cellular proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CH5183284","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Debio1347","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Debiopharm 1347","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF284","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor Debio 1347","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor Debio 1347","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"debio 1347","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"debio 1347-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4049133"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753851"}]}}{"C114283":{"preferredName":"Futibatinib","code":"C114283","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Futibatinib selectively and irreversibly binds to and inhibits FGFR, which may result in the inhibition of both the FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathway and tumor cell proliferation, and increased cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival and its expression is upregulated in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propen-1-one, 1-((3S)-3-(4-Amino-3-(2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl)-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-1-yl)-1-pyrrolidinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FUTIBATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Futibatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471791"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1448169-71-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4B93MGE4AL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757896"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757896"}]}}{"C116894":{"preferredName":"FGFR/VEGFR/PDGFR/FLT3/SRC Inhibitor XL999","code":"C116894","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of numerous tyrosine kinases (TKs) including fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), and SRC, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, XL999 binds to and inhibits the activity of these TKs, thereby preventing both the activation of downstream signaling pathways and the proliferation of tumor cells overexpressing these TKs. FGFR, VEGFR, PDGFR, FLT-3, and SRC are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGFR/VEGFR/PDGFR/FLT3/SRC Inhibitor XL999","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FGFR/VEGFR/PDGFR/FLT3/SRC Inhibitor XL999","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSKI XL999","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spectrum Selective Kinase Inhibitor XL999","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541529"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425377"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425377"}]}}{"C150383":{"preferredName":"FGFR1/2/3 Inhibitor HMPL-453","code":"C150383","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) types 1, 2, and 3 (FGFR1/2/3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FGFR inhibitor HMPL-453 binds to and inhibits FGFR1/2/3, which may result in the inhibition of FGFR1/2/3-related signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR1/2/3-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation, migration and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor HMPL-453","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR1/2/3 Inhibitor HMPL-453","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL 453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL-453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552165"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792789"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792789"}]}}{"C143067":{"preferredName":"FGFR4 Antagonist INCB062079","code":"C143067","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR4 antagonist INCB062079 specifically and irreversibly binds to the cysteine residue at position 552 (Cys 552) that is within the active site of FGFR4. This blocks FGFR4 autophosphorylation and activation of receptor tyrosine kinase activity that would normally occur after binding to its ligand fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), which both inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGF19- and FGFR4-overexpressing cells. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is involved in angiogenesis and in the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of tumor cells. FGFR4 expression is associated with poor prognosis. FGF19 is overexpressed by certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGFR4 Antagonist INCB062079","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor INCB062079","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Antagonist INCB062079","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Antagonist INCB062079","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 062079","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-062079","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB062079","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB62079","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541447"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791889"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791889"}]}}{"C162342":{"preferredName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor BLU 9931","code":"C162342","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR4 antagonist BLU 9931 specifically and irreversibly binds to the cysteine residue at position 552 (Cys 552) that is within the active site of FGFR4. This blocks FGFR4 autophosphorylation and activation of receptor tyrosine kinase activity that would normally occur after binding to its ligand, fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), which both inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGF19- and FGFR4-overexpressing cells. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is involved in angiogenesis and in the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of tumor cells. FGFR4 expression is associated with poor prognosis. FGF19 is overexpressed by certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenamide, N-(2-((6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-quinazolinyl)amino)-3-methylphenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU 9931","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU-9931","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU-9931","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BLU9931","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor BLU 9931","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-((6-(2,6-Dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-quinazolinyl)amino)-3-methylphenyl)-2-propenamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970841"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1538604-68-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FQK825B5DX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C120102":{"preferredName":"Roblitinib","code":"C120102","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, roblitinib binds to and inhibits the activity of FGFR4, which leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing cells. FGFR4 is a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in certain tumor cells and involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGF401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor FGF401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROBLITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Roblitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Roblitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507817"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1708971-55-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M64JF6WMSA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767955"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767955"}]}}{"C128862":{"preferredName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor H3B-6527","code":"C128862","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, H3B-6527 specifically binds to and blocks FGFR4. This prevents the activation of FGFR4, inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed by certain tumor cell types, is involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and survival; FGFR4 expression is associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor H3B-6527","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor H3B-6527","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Inhibitor H3B-6527","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3B 6527","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3B-6527","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3B6527","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512384"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783108"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783108"}]}}{"C162852":{"preferredName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor ICP-105","code":"C162852","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ICP-105 specifically targets, binds to and blocks the binding of the ligand FGF19 to FGFR4. This prevents the activation of FGFR4, inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing cells. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types, is involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and survival. FGF19 is overexpressed by certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGFR4 Antagonist ICP-105","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR4 Inhibitor ICP-105","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICP 105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICP-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICP105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973353"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798826"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798826"}]}}{"C94210":{"preferredName":"Fibromun","code":"C94210","definitions":[{"description":"An immunocytokine consisting of human pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) fused to a human single-chain variable fragment (scFv) directed against the extra-domain B (ED-B) of fibronectin (L19), with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. The L19 moiety of recombinant human fusion protein L19TNFalpha binds to the ED-B domain of fibronectin on tumor cells in the tumor neovasculature. In turn, the TNFalpha moiety may locally induce an immune response against ED-B fibronectin-expressing tumor cells and may specifically decrease the proliferation of ED-B-expressing tumor cells. ED-B is predominantly expressed during angiogenesis and tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibromun","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L19-TNF-alpha","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Fusion Protein L19TNFalpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426023"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686947"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686947"}]}}{"C78844":{"preferredName":"Ficlatuzumab","code":"C78844","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ficlatuzumab binds to the soluble ligand HGF, preventing the binding of HGF to its receptor c-Met and activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway, which may result in cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AV-299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HGF Monoclonal Antibody SCH900105","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FICLATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ficlatuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ficlatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 900105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703138"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1174900-84-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"77E89833TG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610133"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610133"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-HGF_Monoclonal_Antibody_SCH900105"}]}}{"C52187":{"preferredName":"Figitumumab","code":"C52187","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor type I receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Figitumumab selectively binds to IGF1R, preventing insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF1) from binding to the receptor and subsequent receptor autophosphorylation. Inhibition of IGF1R autophosphorylation may result in a reduction in receptor expression on tumor cells that express IGF1R, a reduction in the anti-apoptotic effect of IGF, and inhibition of tumor growth. IGF1R is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed on most tumor cells and is involved in mitogenesis, angiogenesis, and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CP-751,871","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-751871","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGITUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Figitumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Figitumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713009"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"943453-46-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VE267FC2UB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456793"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CP-751871"}]}}{"C68937":{"preferredName":"Filanesib","code":"C68937","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, small molecule targeting the kinesin spindle protein (KSP) with potential antineoplastic activity. Filanesib specifically inhibits KSP (kinesin-5 or Eg5), resulting in activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint, induction of cell cycle arrest during the mitotic phase, and consequently cell death in tumor cells that are actively dividing. Because KSP is not involved in postmitotic processes, such as neuronal transport, this agent does not cause the peripheral neuropathy that is often associated with tubulin-targeting agents. KSP is an ATP-dependent microtubule motor protein that is essential for the formation of bipolar spindles and the proper segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3,4-Thiadiazole-3(2H)-carboxamide, 2-(3-Aminopropyl)-5-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methyl-2-phenyl-, (2S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY-520","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY520","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FILANESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Filanesib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Filanesib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346611"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"885060-09-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8A49OSO368"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"546990"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"546990"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"KSP_Inhibitor_ARRY-520"}]}}{"C155799":{"preferredName":"Filgotinib","code":"C155799","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), with potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, filgotinib specifically targets, binds to, and inhibits the phosphorylation of JAK1, which interferes with JAK/STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription)-dependent signaling. As JAK1 mediates signaling of many pro-inflammatory cytokines, JAK1 inhibition prevents cytokine signaling and activity in many inflammatory and immune-mediated processes and leads to a decrease in inflammation and activation of certain immune cells. JAK1 plays a key role in the signaling and activity of many cytokines and growth factors and is often dysregulated in a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, as well as some malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FILGOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Filgotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Filgotinib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"GLPG 0634","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLPG0634","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-6034","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556330"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1206161-97-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3XVL385Q0M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1474":{"preferredName":"Filgrastim","code":"C1474","definitions":[{"description":"A colony-stimulating factor that stimulates the production of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell). It is a cytokine that is a type of hematopoietic (blood-forming) agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant, non-glycosylated cytokine which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) isoform B, with immunomodulating activity. Filgrastim binds to and activates G-CSF receptors with the same biological activity and stability as the endogenous cytokine, thereby controlling the production, differentiation, and function of neutrophilic granulocyte progenitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FILGRASTIM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Filgrastim","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Filgrastim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Filgrastim-aafi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-CSF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neupogen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nivestym","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Methionyl Human Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tevagrastim","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"filgrastim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"r-metHuG-CSF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rG-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"614629"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0210630"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"121181-53-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Aplastic neutropenia; Bone marrow transplantation; Cancer patients receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy; Congenital neutropenia; Idiopathic or cyclic neutropenia; Peripheral blood progenitor cell mobilization"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PVI5M0M1GW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41057"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41057"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Filgrastim"}]}}{"C104008":{"preferredName":"Fimepinostat","code":"C104008","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) class I and pan histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fimepinostat inhibits the activity of both PI3K class I isoforms and HDAC, thereby preventing the activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal transduction pathway that is often overactivated in many cancer cell types. This may prevent growth of PI3K and/or HDAC-expressing tumor cells. CUDC-907 shows an increased inhibition of tumor cell growth and induction of apoptosis when compared to inhibitors that target either PI3K or HDAC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CUDC-907","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIMEPINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fimepinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fimepinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3530053"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1339928-25-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3S9RX35S5X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743908"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743908"}]}}{"C70651":{"preferredName":"Firtecan Pegol","code":"C70651","definitions":[{"description":"A polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugate of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin with potential antineoplastic activity. After hydrolysis in vivo, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38), an active metabolite of irinotecan, is released from firtecan pegol; 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, resulting in single-stranded and double-stranded DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication, and the induction of apoptosis. This agent is designed to deliver the active metabolite to tumor cells without the need for conversion as is the case with irinotecan. Compared to unPEGylated 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin, PEGylation improves solubility and allows for parental delivery, and may result in a longer half-life and higher exposure for tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EZN-2208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIRTECAN PEGOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Firtecan Pegol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Firtecan Pegol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-SN38","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha,alpha',alpha'',alpha'''-(oxydi-3,1,2-propanetriyl)tetrakis(omega-(2-((2-(((4S)- 4,11-diethyl-9-hydroxy-3,4,12,14-tetrahydro-3,14-dioxo-1H-pyrano(3',4':6,7) indolizino(1,2-b)quinolin-4-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-2-oxoethoxy)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347621"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946062-05-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WC4978T687"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570645"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570645"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polyethyleneglycol-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin"}]}}{"C123826":{"preferredName":"Fisogatinib","code":"C123826","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fisogatinib specifically binds to and blocks the binding of the ligand FGF19 to FGFR4. This prevents the activation of FGFR4, inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing cells. FGFR4 is a receptor tyrosine kinase and is involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and survival. FGF19 is overexpressed by certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenamide, N-((3S,4S)-3-((6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-quinazolinyl)amino)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU 554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU-554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS 3008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-3008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS3008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FISOGATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Inhibitor BLU-554","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fisogatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fisogatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-((3S,4S)-3-((6-(2,6-Dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)quinazolin-2-yl)amino)oxan-4-yl)prop-2-enamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498220"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1707289-21-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5Q7R99CKV2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775629"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775629"}]}}{"C91384":{"preferredName":"Flanvotumab","code":"C91384","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the melanosomal membrane protein gp75 (or Tyrosinase-Related Protein 1 (TRP1)) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-gp75 monoclonal antibody IMC-20D7S targets and binds to gp75. This may lead to the induction of cytotoxic T cell immune and antibody-mediated immune responses against melanoma cells expressing gp75. gp75, a pigmentation-associated antigen, is expressed in melanosomes of human melanocytes and melanomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-gp75 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-20D7S","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLANVOTUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Flanvotumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Flanvotumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-20D7S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC20D7S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421598"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1188277-05-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZNV4738BS6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675217"}]}}{"C117238":{"preferredName":"Flotetuzumab","code":"C117238","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-CD123/anti-CD3 bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Flotetuzumab possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD123, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of flotetuzumab, this bispecific antibody simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and CD123-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CD123-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated cell lysis of CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123, the interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain, is overexpressed in a variety of hematological malignancies; its expression is low or absent in normal hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD123 x CD3 DART Bi-Specific Antibody MGD006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123 x CD3 Dual Affinity Re-Targeting Bi-Specific Antibody MGD006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLOTETUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Flotetuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Flotetuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGD006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RES234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S80880","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474112"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1664355-28-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0AHT0IC02G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763236"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763236"}]}}{"C504":{"preferredName":"Floxuridine","code":"C504","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fluorinated pyrimidine monophosphate analogue of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-phosphate (FUDR-MP) with antineoplastic activity. As an antimetabolite, floxuridine inhibits thymidylate synthase, resulting in disruption of DNA synthesis and cytotoxicity. This agent is also metabolized to fluorouracil and other metabolites that can be incorporated into RNA and inhibit the utilization of preformed uracil in RNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-5-fluorouracil","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-FUDR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-FUdR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-2'-deoxy-beta-uridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Fluorodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluorodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Fluorouracil Deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluorouracil deoxyriboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Fluorouridine Deoxyribose","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FDUR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLOXURIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"FUDR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"FUdR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Floxuridin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Floxuridin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Floxuridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Floxuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fluorodeoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorouridine Deoxyribose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluoruridine Deoxyribose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluoruridine deoxyribose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"WR-138720","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"floxuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"27640"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016343"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-91-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma metastatic to the liver"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"039LU44I5M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39242"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39242"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11FN2O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Floxuridine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:60761"}]}}{"C137988":{"preferredName":"FLT3 Inhibitor FF-10101 Succinate","code":"C137988","definitions":[{"description":"The succinate salt form of FF-10101, a FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of FLT3 inhibitor FF-10101 succinate (FF-10101-01), FF-10101 irreversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3. This inhibits the proliferation of FLT3-expressing cancer cells. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FF-10101 Succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF-10101-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF10101 Succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLT3 Inhibitor FF-10101 Succinate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FLT3 Inhibitor FF-10101 Succinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524957"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790705"}]}}{"C165254":{"preferredName":"FLT3 Inhibitor HM43239","code":"C165254","definitions":[{"description":"A selective, reversible type I inhibitor of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of FLT3 inhibitor HM43239, it reversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3. This inhibits the proliferation of FLT3-expressing cancer cells. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLT3 Inhibitor HM43239","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FLT3 Inhibitor HM43239","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FMS-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Inhibitor HM43239","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM 43239","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM-43239","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM43239","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978555"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799742"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799742"}]}}{"C155773":{"preferredName":"FLT3 Inhibitor SKI-G-801","code":"C155773","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both wild type and mutant forms of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FLT3 inhibitor SKI-G-801 binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3, including FLT3-ITD (internal tandem duplications), FLT3-D835Y as well as other mutants. This inhibits uncontrolled FLT3 signaling and results in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing FLT3. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias, and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. In addition, SKI-G-801 also inhibits, to a lesser degree, the receptor tyrosine kinases AXL (UFO), Mer, Ret, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1), Fms, fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) 1 and 3, and the serine/threonine kinases Aurora B and C.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLT3 Inhibitor SKI-G-801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FLT3 Inhibitor SKI-G-801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLT3 Kinase Inhibitor SKI-G-801","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLT3 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SKI-G-801","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-749 HCl Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-749 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKI-G-801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556252"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794986"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794986"}]}}{"C123362":{"preferredName":"FLT3 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TTT-3002","code":"C123362","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable indolocarbazole derivative and inhibitor of constitutively active mutant forms of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Following administration, FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor TTT-3002 binds to and inhibits ligand-dependent dimerization and autophosphorylation of mutant forms of FLT3 with constitutively activating mutations, including FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3/ITD) and the activating point mutation D835Y. Prevention of autophosphorylation inhibits uncontrolled FLT3 signaling and may result in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells expressing constitutively active mutant forms of FLT3. The ability of TTT-3002 to inhibit FLT3 proteins with activating point mutations may result in increased efficacy because the activity of these mutants are resistant to other FLT3 kinase inhibitors. FLT3, a tyrosine kinase receptor, plays a role in the regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation, and in leukemic cell proliferation and survival. Constitutively activating mutations of FLT3 are the most frequent genetic alterations in acute myeloid leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLT3 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TTT-3002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FLT3 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TTT-3002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTT-3002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3850293"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C116858":{"preferredName":"FLT3/ABL/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor KW-2449","code":"C116858","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, STK1, or FLK2), the tyrosine kinase ABL, and aurora kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FLT3/ABL/Aurora kinase inhibitor KW-2449 specifically binds to and inhibits both wild-type and mutated forms of FLT3, ABL and aurora kinases, which both interferes with the activation of signal transduction pathways mediated by these kinases and reduces the proliferation of susceptible cancer cells. FLT3 and ABL kinases are upregulated in certain tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Aurora kinases, serine-threonine kinases overexpressed by a wide variety of cancer cell types, play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLT3/ABL/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor KW-2449","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FLT3/ABL/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor KW-2449","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW-2449","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831922"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496931"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496931"}]}}{"C120209":{"preferredName":"FLT3/CDK4/6 Inhibitor FLX925","code":"C120209","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, STK1, or FLK2) and the cyclin-dependent kinases 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FLT3/CDK4/6 inhibitor FLX925 specifically binds to and inhibits FLT3, which interferes with the activation of FLT3-mediated signal transduction pathways and reduces cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress FLT3. In addition FLX925 inhibits CDK4 and 6 and prevents the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein in early G1. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, which causes G1 phase cell cycle arrest, suppresses DNA synthesis and inhibits cancer cell growth. FLT3, a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers. Overexpression of CDK4/6, which is seen in certain types of cancer, causes cell cycle deregulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLT3/CDK4/6 Inhibitor FLX925","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FLT3/CDK4/6 Inhibitor FLX925","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLX925","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896859"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768269"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768269"}]}}{"C101520":{"preferredName":"FLT3/KIT Kinase Inhibitor AKN-028","code":"C101520","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor for FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; STK1) and stem cell factor receptor (SCFR; KIT), with potential antineoplastic activity. FLT3/KIT kinase inhibitor AKN-028 binds to and inhibits both the wild-type and mutated forms of FLT3 and SCFR. This may result in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in cancer cell types that overexpress these receptor tyrosine kinases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AKN-028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVT-II","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLT3/KIT Kinase Inhibitor AKN-028","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3852612"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"731885"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"731885"}]}}{"C151407":{"preferredName":"Flt3/MerTK Inhibitor MRX-2843","code":"C151407","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of two receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (Flt3; CD135; fetal liver kinase-2; Flk2) and tyrosine-protein kinase Mer (MerTK; proto-oncogene c-Mer; Mer), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MRX-2843 targets and binds to both Flt3 and MerTK. This prevents ligand-dependent phosphorylation and activation of Flt3 and MerTK, which inhibits the activation of their downstream signaling pathways. This induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of Flt3- and/or MerTK-overexpressing tumor cells. Flt3 and MerTK, are overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Flt3/MerTK Inhibitor MRX-2843","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Flt3/MerTK Inhibitor MRX-2843","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRX 2843","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRX-2843","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRX2843","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553239"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793562"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793562"}]}}{"C1094":{"preferredName":"Fludarabine","code":"C1094","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to treat B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) that has not responded to treatment with other anticancer drugs or that has gotten worse. Fludarabine blocks cells from making DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of purine antagonist and a type of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fluorinated nucleotide antimetabolite analog of the antiviral agent vidarabine (ara-A) with antineoplastic activity. Administered parenterally as a phosphate salt, fludarabine phosphate is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active triphosphate, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. This metabolite may inhibit DNA polymerase alpha, ribonucleotide reductase and DNA primase, thereby interrupting DNA synthesis and inhibiting tumor cell growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Fluoro-9-beta-arabinofuranosyladenine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Fluorovidarabine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoro-9H-purin-6-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUDARABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fludarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fludarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Fluradosa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fludarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"118218"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059985"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"21679-14-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia; Indolent Non - Hodkins Lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P2K93U8740"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H12FN5O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fludarabine"}]}}{"C1102":{"preferredName":"Fludarabine Phosphate","code":"C1102","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) that has not responded to treatment with other anticancer drugs or that has gotten worse. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Fludara blocks cells from making DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of purine antagonist and a type of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The phosphate salt of a fluorinated nucleotide antimetabolite analog of the antiviral agent vidarabine (ara-A) with antineoplastic activity. Fludarabine phosphate is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active triphosphate, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. This metabolite may inhibit DNA polymerase alpha, ribonucleotide reductase and DNA primase, thereby interrupting DNA synthesis and inhibiting tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-F-ara-AMP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9H-Purin-6-amine, 2-fluoro-9-(5-O-phosphono-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"9H-purin-6-amine, 2-fluoro-9-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beneflur","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUDARABINE PHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fludara","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fludara","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Fludarabine Phosphate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fludarabine Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fludarabine-5'-Monophosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oforta","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SH T 586","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fludarabine phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"328002"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"312887"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0060483"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"75607-67-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1X9VK9O1SC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486428"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486428"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H13FN5O7P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fludarabine_Phosphate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63599"}]}}{"C138991":{"preferredName":"Flumatinib","code":"C138991","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable tyrosine kinase inhibitor flumatinib, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, flumatinib inhibits the wild-type forms of Bcr-Abl, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (SCFR; c-Kit) and forms of these proteins with certain point mutations. This results in the inhibition of both Bcr-Abl-, PDGFR- and c-Kit-mediated signal transduction pathways, and the proliferation of tumor cells in which these kinases are overexpressed. Bcr-Abl fusion protein is an abnormal, constitutively active enzyme expressed in Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). PDGFR, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to cell migration and the development of the microvasculature. c-kit, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated and constitutively activated in certain tumors, plays a key role in tumor cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(4-Methyl-piperazin-1-ylmethyl)-N-[6-methyl-5-(4-pyridin-3-yl-pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-pyridin-3-yl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUMATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Flumatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH-GV-678","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH-GV678","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3888332"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"895519-90-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R4009Y24AI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763682"}]}}{"C117723":{"preferredName":"Flumatinib Mesylate","code":"C117723","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable, mesylate salt form of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor flumatinib, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, flumatinib inhibits the wild-type forms of Bcr-Abl, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (SCFR; c-Kit) and forms of these proteins with certain point mutations. This results in the inhibition of both Bcr-Abl-, PDGFR- and c-Kit-mediated signal transduction pathways, and the proliferation of tumor cells in which these kinases are overexpressed. Bcr-Abl fusion protein is an abnormal, constitutively active enzyme expressed in Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). PDGFR, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to cell migration and the development of the microvasculature. c-kit, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated and constitutively activated in certain tumors, plays a key role in tumor cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(4-Methyl-piperazin-1-ylmethyl)-N-[6-methyl-5-(4-pyridin-3-yl-pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-pyridin-3-yl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzamide Mesylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUMATINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Flumatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH-GV-678 Mesylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH-GV678 Mesylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2973571"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"895519-91-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"95Y8L63NBC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763682"}]}}{"C29042":{"preferredName":"Fluorodopan","code":"C29042","definitions":[{"description":"An alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Fluorodopan alkylates DNA at the N7 position of guanine. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and, in some cases, chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA replication and cell division. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLUORODOPAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fluorodopan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"73754"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0060560"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"834-91-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O1EXJ975PT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fluorodopan"}]}}{"C505":{"preferredName":"Fluorouracil","code":"C505","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat symptoms of cancer of the colon, breast, stomach, and pancreas. It is also used in a cream to treat certain skin conditions. Fluorouracil stops cells from making DNA and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the nucleoside pyrimidine with antineoplastic activity. Fluorouracil and its metabolites possess a number of different mechanisms of action. In vivo, fluoruracil is converted to the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate (F-UMP); replacing uracil, F-UMP incorporates into RNA and inhibits RNA processing, thereby inhibiting cell growth. Another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate (F-dUMP), inhibits thymidylate synthase, resulting in the depletion of thymidine triphosphate (TTP), one of the four nucleotide triphosphates used in the in vivo synthesis of DNA. Other fluorouracil metabolites incorporate into both RNA and DNA; incorporation into RNA results in major effects on both RNA processing and functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Dioxo-5-fluoropyrimidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5 FU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5 Fluorouracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5 Fluorouracilum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-FU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-FU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-2,4(1H, 3H)-pyrimidinedione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluorouracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Fluorouracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fu","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-fluorouracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"5FU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AccuSite","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrucil","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUOROURACIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fluoro Uracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorouracil","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fluorouracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Fluorouracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluouracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flurablastin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluracedyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluracil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fluril","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluril","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fluroblastin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribofluor","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 2-9757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ro-2-9757","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fluorouracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"19893"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016360"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51-21-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Palliative treatment: Colorectal cancer, Breast cancer, Stomach cancer, Pancreatic cancer. Topical treatment for the following: Superficial basal cell carcinoma that cannot be treated with surgery, and Actinic keratosis."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U3P01618RT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43130"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43130"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H3FN2O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fluorouracil"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:46345"}]}}{"C90544":{"preferredName":"Fluorouracil Implant","code":"C90544","definitions":[{"description":"An implant containing a sustained release particle of fluorouracil, an antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the nucleoside pyrimidine, with antineoplastic activity. Upon implantation and subsequent release, fluorouracil is converted into the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate that competes with the pyrimidine uracil during RNA synthesis while another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate, inhibits thymidylate synthase and thus DNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fluorouracil Implant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinofuan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416225"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665364"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665364"}]}}{"C17877":{"preferredName":"Fluorouracil-E Therapeutic Implant","code":"C17877","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable collagen matrix gel containing the antimetabolite fluorouracil and the sympathicomimetic agent epinephrine with potential antineoplastic activity. After intratumoral injection, fluorouracil is converted into the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate that competes with uracil during RNA synthesis while another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate, inhibits thymidylate synthase and, so, DNA synthesis. Epinephrine, a potent vasoconstrictor, is added to the gel to enhance penetration of fluorouracil into tumor tissue and reduce dispersion to surrounding tissues, thus enhancing the local concentration of fluorouracil. Compared to systemic administration, the intratumoral injection of fluorouracil combined with epinephrine may increase fluorouracil's chemotherapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-FU-e TI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-FU/epi gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluorouracil/epi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorouracil-E Therapeutic Implant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorouracil-E Therapeutic Implant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorouracil-epinephrine therapeutic implant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorouracil/epi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281426"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41859"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41859"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fluorouracil-E_Therapeutic_Implant"}]}}{"C507":{"preferredName":"Fluoxymesterone","code":"C507","definitions":[{"description":"A halogenated derivative of 17-alpha-methyltestosterone. Similar to testosterone, fluoxymesterone binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors, resulting in an increase in protein anabolism, a decrease in amino acid catabolism, and retention of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus. This agent also may competitively inhibit prolactin receptors and estrogen receptors, thereby inhibiting the growth of hormone-dependent tumor lines. Fluoxymesterone is approximately five times more potent than methyltestosterone. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(11Beta,17beta)-9-fluoro-11,17-dihydroxy-17-methylandrost-4-en-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"11Beta,17beta-dihydroxy-9alpha-fluoro-17alpha-methyl-4-androsten-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9Alpha-fluoro-11beta-hydroxy-17alpha-methyltestosterone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androfluorene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Androfluorene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Android-F","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androsterolo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Androsterolo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androxy","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUOXYMESTERONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"FXM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluoxymesterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluoxymesterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Halodrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halotestin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halotestin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ora Testryl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ora-Testryl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ora-testryl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oratestin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oratestin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Stenox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testoral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testoral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ultandren","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultandren","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"12165"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016366"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"76-43-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9JU12S4YFY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"494707"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"494707"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H29FO3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fluoxymesterone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:5120"}]}}{"C509":{"preferredName":"Flutamide","code":"C509","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is a type of antiandrogen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A toluidine derivative and a nonsteroidal antiandrogen that is structurally related to bicalutamide and nilutamide. Flutamide and its more potent active metabolite 2-hydroxyflutamide competitively block dihydrotestosterone binding at androgen receptors, forming inactive complexes which cannot translocate into the cell nucleus. Formation of inactive receptors inhibits androgen-dependent DNA and protein synthesis, resulting in tumor cell growth arrest or transient tumor regression. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methyl-N-[4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Nitro-3'-trifluoromethylisobutyranilide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Nitro-3'-trifluoromethylisobutyranilide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-2-methy-4'-nitro-m-propionotoluidide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apimid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cebatrol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chimax","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytomid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Drogenil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Euflex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eulexin","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eulexine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUTAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Flucinom","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flucinome","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flugerel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluken","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flulem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluta-Gry","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flutabene","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flutacan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flutamex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flutamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Flutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Flutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flutamin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flutan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flutaplex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fugerel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grisetin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Niftolide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncosal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Profamid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanamide, 2-Methyl-N-(4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostacur","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostadirex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostica","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostogenat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 13521","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sch 13521","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tafenil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tecnoflut","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testotard","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"flutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"215876"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"147834"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016384"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"13311-84-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hirsutism; Prostate carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"76W6J0943E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39811"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39811"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H11F3N2O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Flutamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:5132"}]}}{"C61768":{"preferredName":"Fluvastatin","code":"C61768","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic lipid-lowering agent with antilipidemic and potential antineoplastic properties. Fluvastatin competitively inhibits hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels, and modulates immune responses through the suppression of MHC II (major histocompatibility complex II) on interferon gamma-stimulated antigen-presenting cells such as human vascular endothelial cells. Due to its anti-inflammatory effects mediated by alterations of lipid metabolism, fluvastatin may possess chemopreventive and therapeutic antineoplastic properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLUVASTATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fluvastatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0082608"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"93957-54-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4L066368AS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H26FNO4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fluvastatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:5136"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38561"}]}}{"C29062":{"preferredName":"Fluvastatin Sodium","code":"C29062","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of a synthetic lipid-lowering agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Fluvastatin competitively inhibits hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels, and modulates immune responses through the suppression of MHC II (major histocompatibility complex II) on interferon gamma-stimulated, antigen-presenting cells such as human vascular endothelial cells. Through the inhibition of mevalonate synthesis, statins, like fluvastatin, have been shown to inhibit the production of dolichol, geranylpyrophosphate (GPP) and farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) and the isoprenylation of the intracellular G-proteins Ras and Rho, which may result in antiangiogenic, apoptotic, and antimetastatic effects in susceptible tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3R,5S,6E)-(+/-)-7-(3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-heptenoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUVASTATIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fluvastatin Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fluvastatin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Fluvastatin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lescol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0246203"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"93957-55-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PYF7O1FV7F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487588"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487588"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H25FNO4.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fluvastatin_Sodium"}]}}{"C126274":{"preferredName":"Fluzoparib","code":"C126274","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) types 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fluzoparib inhibits PARP 1 and 2 activity, which inhibits PARP-mediated repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway, enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability, and leads to an induction of apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyze post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins, which then transduce signals to recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA. PARP inhibition may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and may reverse tumor cell chemoresistance and radioresistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-((3-((5,6-Dihydro-2-(trifluoromethyl)(1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-a)pyrazin-7(8H)-yl)carbonyl)-4-fluorophenyl)methyl)-1(2H)-phthalazinone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUZOPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fluzoparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-3162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR3162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504851"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1358715-18-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TWF0ML1CK8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779303"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779303"}]}}{"C101519":{"preferredName":"Edicotinib","code":"C101519","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and orally available inhibitor of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R; FMS) with potential antineoplastic activity. Edicotinib blocks the receptor-ligand interaction between FMS and its ligand CSF1, thereby preventing autophosphorylation of FMS. As a result, unphosphorylated FMS can not activate FMS-mediated signaling pathways, thus potentially inhibiting cell proliferation in FMS-overexpressed tumor cells. FMS, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and plays an essential role in macrophage differentiation, recruitment, and activation as well as the regulation of cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Imidazole-2-carboxamide, 5-Cyano-N-(2-(4,4-dimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-6-(tetrahydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-4-yl)-3-pyridinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Cyano-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylic acid N-(2-(4,4-dimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)-6-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyltetrahydropyran-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)amide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Cyano-N-(2-(4,4-dimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-6-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDICOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Edicotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Edicotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-40346527","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640124"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1142363-52-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3NU609VYNF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730665"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730665"}]}}{"C105804":{"preferredName":"Fms/Trk Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PLX7486 Tosylate","code":"C105804","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate salt form of PLX7486, a selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R; fms) and neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor types 1, 2 and 3 (TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC, respectively) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PLX7486 binds to and inhibits the activity of these tyrosine kinases. This inhibits Fms and Trk-mediated signaling transduction pathways that are upregulated in certain cancer cell types. This may eventually halt tumor cell proliferation in Fms and TrkA, TrkB, and/or TrkC-overexpressing tumor cells. Fms and TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC are receptor tyrosine kinases that are upregulated or mutated in a variety of tumors and promote tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fms/Trk Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PLX7486 Tosylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fms/Trk Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PLX7486 Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX7486-TsOH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3830093"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747694"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747694"}]}}{"C71524":{"preferredName":"Folate Receptor Targeted Epothilone BMS753493","code":"C71524","definitions":[{"description":"A folate receptor-targeting antimitotic agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Folate receptor-targeted epothilone BMS753493 contains an epothilone moiety linked to a single folate molecule. Mediated through the folate moiety, this agent delivers the antimitotic epothilone component into cells expressing folic acid receptors, frequently upregulated in many types of tumor cells. After ligand-receptor internalization, the epothilone moiety induces microtubule polymerization and stabilizes microtubules against depolymerization, resulting in the inhibition of mitosis and cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Folate Receptor Targeted Epothilone BMS753493","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor Targeted Epothilone BMS753493","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376231"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575735"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575735"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Folate_Receptor-Targeted_Epothilone_BMS753493"}]}}{"C113176":{"preferredName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Tubulysin Conjugate EC1456","code":"C113176","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable targeted small molecule drug conjugate (SMDC) consisting of folate (vitamin B9) covalently linked to the potent mitotic poison and cytotoxic agent, tubulysin B hydrazide (Tub-B-H) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the folate moiety of folate receptor-targeted tubulysin conjugate EC1456 preferentially binds to tumor cells expressing folate receptors (FR). After binding to FR, the agent is internalized by tumor cells and the Tub-B-H moiety inhibits the polymerization of tubulin into microtubules. This may lead to both cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. FR, the membrane-bound, high-affinity receptor for folate, is overexpressed on a wide range of primary and metastatic human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EC1456","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Tubulysin Conjugate EC1456","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Tubulysin Conjugate EC1456","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor-Targeting Folate-Tubulysin Conjugate EC1456","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL455247"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755557"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755557"}]}}{"C81935":{"preferredName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid EC0489","code":"C81935","definitions":[{"description":"A folate receptor-targeting cytotoxic drug conjugate consisting of a folate vitamin analogue linked to a vinca alkaloid microtubule destabilizing agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Mediated through its folate moiety, folate receptor-targeted vinca alkaloid EC0489 delivers the cytotoxic vinca alkaloid moiety directly to cells expressing folic acid receptors, frequently upregulated in many types of tumor cells. After ligand-receptor internalization, the vinca alkaloid moiety binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly-disassembly dynamics, resulting in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The relative tumor cell specificity of this agent reduces the toxicity profile of its vinca alkaloid moiety.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EC0489","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid EC0489","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid EC0489","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830054"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638649"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638649"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Folate_Receptor_Targeted-Microtubule_Destabilizing_Agent_EC0489"}]}}{"C66987":{"preferredName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid/Mitomycin C EC0225","code":"C66987","definitions":[{"description":"A folate receptor-targeting cytotoxic agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Folate receptor-targeted vinca alkaloid/mitomycin C EC0225 contains two potent cytotoxic agents, a vinca alkaloid and mitomycin C, linked to a single folate molecule. Mediated through the folate moiety, this agent delivers the cytotoxic agents directly into cells expressing folic acid receptors, frequently upregulated in many types of tumor cells. After ligand-receptor internalization, the vinca alkaloid moiety binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly-disassembly dynamics, resulting in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Mitomycin C alkylates DNA, producing DNA cross-links and inhibiting DNA replication. The relative tumor cell specificity of EC0225 reduces the toxicity profiles of its cytotoxic agent moieties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EC0225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate Linked Vinca Alkaloid/Mitomycin C EC0225","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid/Mitomycin C EC0225","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid/Mitomycin C EC0225","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880433"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539691"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539691"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"EC0225"}]}}{"C62479":{"preferredName":"Folate-FITC","code":"C62479","definitions":[{"description":"A conjugate consisting of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated with folate with potential antineoplastic activity. Folate-FITC binds to folate receptors, which are overexpressed on the surfaces of many cancer cells including kidney and ovarian cancer cells. Once bound to the cancer cell through the folate moiety of the conjugate, circulating anti-fluorescein antibodies may recognize and bind to the FITC moiety, resulting in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EC-17","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC-17","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"EC17","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate Fluorescein Isothiocyanate Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate-FITC","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Folate-FITC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-glutamine, N2-(4-(((2-amino-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-n-(2-((((3',6'-dihydroxy-3-oxospiro(isobenzofuran-1(3h),9'-(9h)xanthen)-5-yl)amino)thioxomethyl)amino)ethyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831885"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V7YQ6134AE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489286"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489286"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"EC17"}]}}{"C61304":{"preferredName":"Folitixorin","code":"C61304","definitions":[{"description":"A folate-based biomodulator with potential antineoplastic activity. 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHF) stabilizes the covalent binding of the fluorouracil metabolite 5-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate (FdUMP) to its target enzyme, thymidylate synthase, which results in inhibition of thymidylate synthase, depletion of thymidine triphosphate (TTP), a necessary constituent of DNA, and tumor cell death. Unlike leucovorin, MTHF, as the active form of folate, does not require metabolic activation and may increase the chemotherapeutic effects of fluorouracil with lower toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CoFactor","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOLITIXORIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Folitixorin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-(3-Amino-1,2,5,6,6a,7-hexahydro-1-oxoimidazo(1,5-f)pteridin-8(9H)-yl)benzoyl)-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetrahydromethylenefolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048858"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3432-99-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0SXY5ET48B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"405875"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"405875"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H23N7O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_5_10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:1989"}]}}{"C80058":{"preferredName":"Foretinib","code":"C80058","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Foretinib blocks enzymes involved in the growth and spread of tumor cells. It may also prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Foretinib binds to and selectively inhibits hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor c-MET and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. The proto-oncogene c-MET has been found to be over-expressed in a variety of cancers. VEGFR2 is found on endothelial and hematopoietic cells and mediates the development of the vasculature and hematopoietic cells through VEGF signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FORETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Foretinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Foretinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK1363089","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET/VEGFR-2 inhibitor GSK1363089","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor GSK1363089","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-Fluoro-4-((6-methoxy-7-(3-(morpholin-4-yl)propoxy)quinolin-4-yl)oxy)phenyl)-N'-(4-fluorophenyl)cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL880","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL880","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"foretinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698272"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"849217-64-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"81FH7VK1C4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"428188"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"428188"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H34F2N4O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Multitargeted_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_GSK1363089"}]}}{"C974":{"preferredName":"Formestane","code":"C974","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic steroidal substance with antineoplastic activity. Formestane binds irreversibly to and inhibits the enzyme aromatase, thereby blocking the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone and the peripheral aromatization of androgenic precursors into estrogens. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Hydroxyandrostenedione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-OHA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-OHAD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP-32349","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FORMESTANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Formestane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Formestane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lentaron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048306"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"566-48-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PUB9T8T355"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41766"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41766"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H26O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Formestane"}]}}{"C26655":{"preferredName":"Forodesine Hydrochloride","code":"C26655","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of leukemia and lymphoma. It is a type of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the synthetic high-affinity transition-state analogue forodesine. Forodesine binds preferentially to and inhibits purine nucleotide phosphorylase (PNP), resulting in the accumulation of deoxyguanosine triphosphate and the subsequent inhibition of the enzyme ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase and DNA synthesis. This agent selectively causes apoptosis in stimulated or malignant T-lymphocytes. A transition state analogue is a substrate designed to mimic the properties or the geometry of the transition state of reaction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCX-1777","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCX-1777","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"FORODESINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Forodesine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Forodesine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immucillin-H","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"forodesine hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1175653"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"284490-13-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6SN82Y9U73"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"301648"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"301648"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H14N4O4.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Immucillin-H"}]}}{"C72787":{"preferredName":"Fosaprepitant","code":"C72787","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FOSAPREPITANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fosaprepitant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fosaprepitant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2349941"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"172673-20-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6L8OF9XRDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H22F7N4O6P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fosaprepitant"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64321"}]}}{"C82378":{"preferredName":"Fosbretabulin","code":"C82378","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble prodrug derived from the African bush willow (Combretum caffrum) with antineoplastic activity. Fosbretabulin is dephosphorylated to its active metabolite, combretastatin A4, which binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization, resulting in mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. As apoptotic endothelial cells detach from their substrata, tumor blood vessels collapse; the acute disruption of tumor blood flow may result in tumor necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methoxy-5-((1Z)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)phenyl Phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combretastatin A-4 Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSBRETABULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fosbretabulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenol, 2-methoxy-5-((1Z)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)-, Dihydrogen Phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796467"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"222030-63-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I5590ES2QZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H21O8P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fosbretabulin"}]}}{"C2503":{"preferredName":"Fosbretabulin Disodium","code":"C2503","definitions":[{"description":"The disodium salt of a water-soluble phosphate derivative of a natural stilbenoid phenol derived from the African bush willow (Combretum caffrum) with potential vascular disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the prodrug fosbretabulin is dephosphorylated to its active metabolite, the microtubule-depolymerizing agent combretastatin A4, which binds to tubulin dimers and prevents microtubule polymerization, resulting in mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. In addition, this agent disrupts the engagement of the endothelial cell-specific junctional molecule vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin) and so the activity of the VE-cadherin/beta-catenin/Akt signaling pathway, which may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell migration and capillary tube formation. As a result of fosbretabulin's dual mechanism of action, the tumor vasculature collapses, resulting in reduced tumor blood flow and ischemic necrosis of tumor tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-methoxy-5-[(1Z)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]phenyl Disodium Phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA4DP","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combretastatin A4 Disodium Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSBRETABULIN DISODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fosbretabulin Disodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fosbretabulin Disodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenol, 2-methoxy-5-[(1Z)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-, Dihydrogen Phosphate, Disodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0962508"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"222030-63-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"702RHR475O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43316"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43316"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H19O8P.2Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Combretastatin_A4_Phosphate"}]}}{"C83721":{"preferredName":"Fosbretabulin Tromethamine","code":"C83721","definitions":[{"description":"The tromethamine salt form of prodrug fosbretabulin, a water-soluble phosphate derivative of a stilbenoid phenol derived from the African bush willow (Combretum caffrum) with antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, fosbretabulin is dephosphorylated to its active metabolite, combretastatin A4, which targets and binds to tubulin dimers and prevents microtubule polymerization, thereby resulting in mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. As apoptotic endothelial cells detach from their substrata, tumor blood vessels collapse; the acute disruption of tumor blood flow may result in tumor necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3-Dihydroxy-2-(Hydroxymethyl)Propan-2-Aminium 2-Methoxy-5-((1z)-2-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl)Ethenyl)Phenyl Hydrogen Phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,3-Propanediol, 2-Amino-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-, Compd. With 2-Methoxy-5-((1z)-2-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl)Ethenyl)Phenyl Dihydrogen Phosphate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA4P","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSBRETABULIN TROMETHAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fosbretabulin Tromethamine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fosbretabulin Tromethamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zybrestat","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827157"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"404886-32-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GBW044919E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696306"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696306"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H21O8P.C4H11NO3"}]}}{"C123824":{"preferredName":"Foslinanib","code":"C123824","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable agent with potential antineoplastic and anti-vasculogenic mimicry activities. Upon oral administration, foslinanib targets and inhibits the formation of vasculogenic mimicry (VM; vascular mimicry). By destroying the VM channels and network, cancer cells are devoid of perfusion leading to an induction of cancer cell apoptosis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. VM is associated with tumor metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4(1H)-Quinolinone, 2-(3-Fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-5-(phosphonooxy)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVM 1118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVM-1118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVM1118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSLINANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Foslinanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX 818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX-818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10721","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498218"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1256037-60-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2X2DNM7NGX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775625"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775625"}]}}{"C163994":{"preferredName":"Foslinanib Disodium","code":"C163994","definitions":[{"description":"The disodium salt form of foslinanib, an orally bioavailable agent with potential antineoplastic and anti-vasculogenic mimicry activities. Upon oral administration, foslinanib targets and inhibits the formation of vasculogenic mimicry (VM; vascular mimicry). By destroying the VM channels and network, cancer cells are devoid of perfusion leading to an induction of cancer cell apoptosis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. VM is associated with tumor metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4(1H)-Quinolinone, 2-(3-Fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-5-(phosphonooxy)-, Sodium Salt (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVM-1118 Disodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSLINANIB DISODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Foslinanib Disodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX-818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRX818 Disodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977259"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1256037-62-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8X5F5LAF7B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1371":{"preferredName":"Fosquidone","code":"C1371","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble pentacyclic pyrolloquinone analogue of mitoquidone with potential antineoplastic activity. Currently, the mechanism of action of fosquidone is unknown. In vitro studies indicate that this agent does not bind to DNA or inhibit topoisomerases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FOSQUIDONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fosquidone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR 63178A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR 63178A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"NSC D611615 from CCR."},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"611615"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0118171"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"114517-02-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FD6QP9BP8U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41153"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H22NO6P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fosquidone"}]}}{"C1372":{"preferredName":"Fostriecin","code":"C1372","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-tumor antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces pulveraceus. Fostriecin inhibits topoisomerase II catalytic activity, resulting in impaired DNA and RNA synthesis in various malignant cell types. This agent also inhibits serine/threonine protein phosphatase type 2A in some tumor cell types, thereby interfering with cellular proliferation and differentiation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-pyran-2-one,5,6-dihydro-6-(3,6,13-trihydroxy-3-methyl-4-(phosphonooxy)-1,7,9,11,-tridecatetraenyl)-,trans","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSTRIECIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"FST","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fostriecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fostriecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Phosphotrienin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Phosphotrienin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"339638"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0118175"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"87810-56-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZO1648L551"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41703"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41703"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H27O9P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fostriecin"}]}}{"C1106":{"preferredName":"Fotemustine","code":"C1106","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of brain tumors and metastatic melanoma of the eye. It is a type of nitrosourea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chloroethylating nitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Fotemustine alkylates guanine by forming chloroethyl adducts at the 6 position of guanine, resulting in N1-guanine and N3-cytosine cross linkages, inhibition of DNA synthesis, cell cycle arrest, and finally apoptosis. This agent is lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-[N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosoureido]ethylphosphonic acid diethyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOTEMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fotemustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muphoran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S 10036","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[1-[[[(2-chloroethyl)nitrosamino]-carbonyl]amino]ethyl]phosphonic acid diethyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"diethyl[1-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]ethyl]phosphonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fotemustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0060696"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"92118-27-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GQ7JL9P5I2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38865"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38865"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H19ClN3O5P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fotemustine"}]}}{"C65767":{"preferredName":"Fotretamine","code":"C65767","definitions":[{"description":"A pentaethyleneimine derivative with antineoplastic alkylating activity. Fotretamine causes chromosomal breaks in lymphocytes which contributes to its immunosuppressive activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,2,4,4,6-Pentaethylenimino-6-morpholino-cyclotriphosphazatrien","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOTRETAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fotretamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fotrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Photrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Photrine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"216135"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0060698"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"37132-72-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7Z7670589C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H28N9OP3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fotretamine"}]}}{"C141298":{"preferredName":"FPV Vaccine CV301","code":"C141298","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant fowlpox viral (FPV) vector encoding both the two human tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and mucin-1 (MUC-1), and TRICOM, which is comprised of the three human immune-enhancing co-stimulatory molecules B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration following the administration of a proprietary modified vaccinia Ankara developed by Bavarian Nordic-based prime vaccine MVA-BN-CV301, the FPV vaccine CV301, which is used as a booster vaccine, activates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA- and MUC-1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, the CV301-dependent anti-tumor CTL response upregulates the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1); therefore, when FPV-CV301 is combined with a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitor, the antitumor effect may be increased. The TAAs CEA and MUC-1 are overexpressed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Boost Vaccine FPV-CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPV Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FPV Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPV-CV-301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPV-CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fowlpox-based FPV-CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539397"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797362"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797362"}]}}{"C148402":{"preferredName":"FPV-Brachyury-TRICOM Vaccine","code":"C148402","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant fowlpox viral (FPV) vector encoding the human transcription factor and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) brachyury, and a triad of T-cell co-stimulatory molecules (TRICOM), which is comprised of the three human immune-enhancing co-stimulatory molecules B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration occurring after the administration of a proprietary modified vaccinia Ankara developed by Bavarian Nordic-based prime vaccine (MVA-BN-brachyury), the booster vaccine FPV-brachyury vaccine potentiates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against brachyury-expressing tumor cells. The expression of brachyury, a member of the T-box family of transcription factors that is overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types, is correlated with increased epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer resistance, cancer progression and metastasis. TRICOM enhances antigen-specific T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FPV-Brachyury","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPV-Brachyury Boost Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPV-Brachyury-TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FPV-Brachyury-TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551011"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C63546":{"preferredName":"Fresolimumab","code":"C63546","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of kidney cancer, melanoma, and pulmonary fibrosis. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Anti-TGF-beta monoclonal antibody GC1008 binds to the protein transforming growth factor-beta (TGF?) and may block the growth of cancer cells that make it.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pan-specific, recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against human transforming growth factor (TGF) -beta 1, 2 and 3 with potential antineoplastic activity. Fresolimumab binds to and inhibits the activity of all isoforms of TGF-beta, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth, angiogenesis, and migration. TGF-beta, a cytokine often over-expressed in various malignancies, may play an important role in promoting the growth, progression, and migration of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TGF-Beta Monoclonal Antibody GC1008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FRESOLIMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fresolimumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fresolimumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC1008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC1008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Human Anti-TGF-Beta Monoclonal Antibody GC1008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4, anti-(transforming growth factor beta) (human monoclonal GC-1008 heavy chain), disulfide with human monoclonal GC-1008 light chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-TGF-beta monoclonal antibody GC1008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987643"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"948564-73-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"375142VBIA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530302"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530302"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-TGF-Beta_Monoclonal_Antibody_GC1008"}]}}{"C102852":{"preferredName":"Fruquintinib","code":"C102852","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, fruquintinib inhibits VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFRs 1, 2, and 3 which may result in the inhibition of migration, proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, microvessel formation, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and tumor cell death. Expression of VEGFRs may be upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-(6,7-Dimethoxyquinazolin-4-yl)oxy-N,2-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elunate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FRUQUINTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fruquintinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fruquintinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL-013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR-1/2/3 Inhibitor HMPL-013","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640967"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1194506-26-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"49DXG3M5ZW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737616"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737616"}]}}{"C1379":{"preferredName":"Fulvestrant","code":"C1379","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Faslodex blocks estrogen activity in the body and is a type of antiestrogen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic estrogen receptor antagonist. Unlike tamoxifen (which has partial agonist effects) and the aromatase inhibitors (which reduce the estrogen available to tumor cells), fulvestrant binds competitively to estrogen receptors in breast cancer cells, resulting in estrogen receptor deformation and decreased estrogen binding. In vitro studies indicate that fulvestrant reversibly inhibits the growth of tamoxifen-resistant, estrogen-sensitive, human breast cancer cell lines. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7a-[9-[(4,4,5,5,5,-Pentafluoropentyl)sulphinyl]nonyl]-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17b-diol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FULVESTRANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Faslodex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Faslodex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Faslodex(ICI 182,780)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fulvestrant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fulvestrant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Fulvestrant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI 182,780","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI 182780","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ZD9238","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fulvestrant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"719276"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935916"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"129453-61-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"22X328QOC4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43053"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43053"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H47F5O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fulvestrant"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31638"}]}}{"C88321":{"preferredName":"Fumagillin-Derived Polymer Conjugate XMT-1107","code":"C88321","definitions":[{"description":"A polymeric prodrug consisting of the fumagillol-derived small molecule XMT-1191 tethered to the hydrophilic, biodegradable70 kDa polymer poly[1-hydroxymethylethylene hydroxymethylformal] (PHF) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, fumagillin-derived polymer conjugate XMT-1107 releases XMT-1191, which may inhibit angiogenesis through the irreversible inhibition of the methionine aminopeptidase 2 (METAP2); although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to induce cell cycle arrest in endothelial cells, inhibiting their proliferation and migration. Compared to an unconjugated fumagillin analog, XMT-1107 exhibits improved solubility and an extended half life due to its PHF backbone. METAP2, a member of the methionyl aminopeptidase family, binds two cobalt or manganese ions and protects the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2) from inhibitory phosphorylation by removing the amino-terminal methionine residue from nascent protein; this aminopeptidase may be overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fumagillin-Derived Polymer Conjugate XMT-1107","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fumagillin-Derived Polymer Conjugate XMT-1107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT-1107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413581"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660895"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660895"}]}}{"C121852":{"preferredName":"Fursultiamine","code":"C121852","definitions":[{"description":"A nutritional supplement and vitamin B1 derivative, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fursultiamine inhibits the expressions of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT-4), SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX-2), and Nanog homeobox (NANOG) in cancer stem cells (CSCs). This may inhibit the proliferation of CSCs thereby preventing tumor cell growth. In addition, fursultiamine inhibits the expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) and subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) in cancer CSCs, which may abrogate resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy in CSCs. CSCs promote tumor initiation, progression and metastasis; they play a key role in cancer recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FURSULTIAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Formamide, N-((4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)-N-(4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-(((tetrahydro-2-furanyl)methyl)dithio)-1-butenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fursultiamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTFD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiamine Tetrahydrofurfuryl Disulfide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016865"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"804-30-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"05J61265PX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771695"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771695"}]}}{"C152971":{"preferredName":"Futuximab","code":"C152971","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; ErbB1; HER1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, futuximab targets and binds to an epitope located in the extracellular domain (ECD) of EGFR, which causes internalization and degradation of EGFR, including the mutated EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII). This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, thereby inhibiting EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"992 DS","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"992-DS","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"992DS","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FUTUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Futuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Futuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Extracellular Domain III) (Human-Mus Musculus Monoclonal 992 DS Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mus Musculus Monoclonal 992 DS Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554174"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1310460-85-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B37J680LX0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793850"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793850"}]}}{"C91381":{"preferredName":"Futuximab/Modotuximab Mixture","code":"C91381","definitions":[{"description":"A mixture of two recombinant IgG1 antibodies directed against different epitopes in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) extracellular domain III, with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody mixture Sym004 binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, thereby preventing ligand binding. This may prevent activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor; the decrease in receptor activation may result in an inhibition of downstream ERK and JNK signaling pathways and thus inhibition of EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. In addition, binding of Sym004 to EGFRs causes EGFR internalization and degradation. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, often is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Futuximab/Modotuximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Futuximab/Modotuximab Mixture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Futuximab/Zatuximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sym004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421582"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673604"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673604"}]}}{"C95893":{"preferredName":"G-Quadruplex Stabilizer BMVC","code":"C95893","definitions":[{"description":"A carbazole derivative (3,6-bis[2-(1-methylpyridinium)vinyl]carbazole diiodide) that selectively targets to the G-quadruplex DNA structure, used as a fluorescent probe for cancer cytological diagnosis and with potential antitumor activity. G-quadruplex stabilizer BMVC, preferentially uptaken by cancer cells, binds to and stabilize the telomeric G-quadruplex structure at the end of DNA; when visualized with fluorescent imaging device, BMVC emits bright fluorescent light and can be used to differentiate tumor cells from normal cells. The BMVC/G-quadruplex complexes also interfere with the activity of telomerase, which is highly active in tumor cells and plays a key role in tumorigenesis while expressed at very low levels in most somatic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,6-bis (1-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium) Carbazole Diiodide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,6-bis[2-(1-methylpyridinium)vinyl]carbazole Diiodide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMVC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-Quadruplex Stabilizer BMVC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428290"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696431"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696431"}]}}{"C76791":{"preferredName":"Galamustine","code":"C76791","definitions":[{"description":"A galactose mustard compound, an alkylating agent, with antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GALAMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Galamustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700228"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"105618-02-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P771FDQ1WJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H19Cl2NO5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Galamustine"}]}}{"C81422":{"preferredName":"Galarubicin","code":"C81422","definitions":[{"description":"An anthracycline derivative with antineoplastic activity developed to circumvent doxorubicin resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S,10S)-10-((2.6-Dideoxy-2-fluoro-alpha-L-talopyranosyl)oxy)-8-glycoloyl-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-1-methoxy-5,12-naphthacenedione 8(sup 2)-ester with Beta-alanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GALARUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Galarubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825624"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"140637-86-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6F39648E92"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H32FNO13"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Galarubicin"}]}}{"C115111":{"preferredName":"Belapectin","code":"C115111","definitions":[{"description":"A carbohydrate-based galectin inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Belapectin binds to the carbohydrate-binding domain of galectins, especially galectin-3, and may result in an induction of apoptosis mediated through activation of both mitochondria and caspases. This may reduce tumor growth in galectin-overexpressing tumor cells. Galectins, often overexpressed on tumor cells, play a key role in cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, tumor angiogenesis and evasion of immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BELAPECTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Belapectin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Belapectin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR-MD-02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Galactoarabino-rhamnogalacturonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472642"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1980787-47-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K7ODU55HT6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760131"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760131"}]}}{"C103828":{"preferredName":"Galectin-1 Inhibitor OTX008","code":"C103828","definitions":[{"description":"A calixarene-based compound and galectin-1 (Gal-1) inhibitor with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, galectin-1 inhibitor OTX008 binds Gal-1 which leads to Gal-1 oxidation and proteasomal degradation, through an as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism, and eventually downregulation of Gal-1. This decreases tumor cell growth and inhibits angiogenesis. Gal-1, a multifunctional carbohydrate-binding protein, is often overexpressed on tumor cells and plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, tumor angiogenesis and evasion of immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gal-1 Inhibitor OTX008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Galectin-1 Inhibitor OTX008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OTX008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641630"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742751"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742751"}]}}{"C84866":{"preferredName":"Galeterone","code":"C84866","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule androgen receptor modulator and CYP17 lyase inhibitor with potential antiandrogen activity. Galeterone exhibits three distinct mechanisms of action: 1) as an androgen receptor antagonist, 2) as a CYP17 lyase inhibitor and 3) by decreasing overall androgen receptor levels in prostate cancer tumors, all of which may result in a decrease in androgen-dependent growth signaling. Localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17 (P450C17 or CYP17A1) exhibits both 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities, and plays a key role in the steroidogenic pathway that produces progestins, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Androsta-5,16-dien-3-ol, 17-(1h-benzimidazol-1-yl)-, (3beta)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GALETERONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Galeterone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Galeterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Specific Androgen Receptor Modulator/CYP17 Lyase Inhibitor TOK-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOK-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VN/124","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VN/124-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3490719"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"851983-85-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WA33E149SW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653977"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653977"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H32N2O"}]}}{"C26447":{"preferredName":"Galiximab","code":"C26447","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It binds to the protein CD80, which is found on certain normal white blood cells and on white blood cells that are cancer. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against CD80, the natural ligand for the T-cell antigen CD28 which mediates T-cell and B-cell adhesion. Galiximab binds to CD80 expressed on the cell surfaces of follicular lymphomas, resulting in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). CD80 is expressed on activated B-cells and gamma-interferon-stimulated monocytes and is often expressed at low levels on the surfaces of follicular lymphoma cells and other lymphoid malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GALIXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Galiximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Galiximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDEC-114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-B7-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-CD80 Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"galiximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"734532"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1098262"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"357613-77-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S9OX9692ZB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"285686"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"285686"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"IDEC-114_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C73254":{"preferredName":"Galocitabine","code":"C73254","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, galocitabine is converted into 5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine, 5'-deoxy-fluorouridine, and 5-FU. 5-FU is further metabolized into other cytotoxic metabolites that interfere with RNA and DNA synthesis via inhibition of thymidylate synthase. As a result, this agent eventually inhibits tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GALOCITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Galocitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 09-1390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0084382"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"124012-42-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X9788XI79O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H22FN3O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Galocitabine"}]}}{"C116891":{"preferredName":"Galunisertib","code":"C116891","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule antagonist of the tyrosine kinase transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b) receptor type 1 (TGFBR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, galunisertib specifically targets and binds to the kinase domain of TGFBR1, thereby preventing the activation of TGF-b-mediated signaling pathways. This may inhibit the proliferation of TGF-b-overexpressing tumor cells. Dysregulation of the TGF-b signaling pathway is seen in a number of cancers and is associated with increased cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(2-(6-Methylpyridin-2-yl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[1,2-b]pyrazol-3-yl)quinoline-6-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GALUNISERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Galunisertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Galunisertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2157299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2157299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3180910"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"700874-72-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3OKH1W5LZE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687583"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687583"}]}}{"C118444":{"preferredName":"Gamboge Resin Extract TSB-9-W1","code":"C118444","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable extract from the yellow to brown gum-resin of the gamboge tree (genus Garcinia) belonging to the Clusiaceae (or Guttiferae) family, with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Gamboge resin extract TSB-9-W1 contains various active ingredients, including gambogic acid, formoxanthone A, betulin, betulinic acid, morellic acid, isomorellic acid, isogambogic acid, isomorellinol and desoxymorellin. Upon oral administration, the various active components of the gamboge resin extract TSB-9-W1 may bind to and inhibit the activity of a variety of cancer-related proteins, may induce apoptosis, and may exert cytotoxic activity on tumor cells, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. TSB-9 is derived from TSB-14, which is the acetone-extract of gamboge resin, and pulverized into powder form; TSB-9 is 90% extract and 10% brown sugar. TSB-9-W1 is a milled form of TSB-9 with a particle size of 5 micrometers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GARCINIA HANBURYI ROOT RESIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gamboge Resin Extract TSB-9-W1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Garcinia Hanburyi Rhizome Resin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Garcinia Hanburyi Root Resin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSB-9-W1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896755"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KQR4YN4C28"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764996"}]}}{"C101517":{"preferredName":"Gamma-delta Tocotrienol","code":"C101517","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available nutritional supplement containing the gamma and delta forms of the vitamin E family member tocotrienol, with hypocholesterolemic, antithrombotic, antioxidant, and potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, gamma-delta tocotrienol accumulates in cancer cells and may exert their anti-cancer activity in part through 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase downregulation and/or degradation, cell cycle arrest, and induction of caspase-mediated apoptosis. In addition, this agent may inhibit angiogenesis partially through the blockage of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and the inhibition of tumor cell-induced vessel formation. Altogether, this may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth. Further, this agent prevents free radical formation and inhibits lipid peroxidation. Tocotrienols contain 3 double bonds, absent in tocopherols, on its farnesyl isoprenoid side chain that likely contribute to its anti-cancer activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma-delta Tocotrienol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gdT3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435774"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730661"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730661"}]}}{"C121535":{"preferredName":"Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor LY3039478","code":"C121535","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the integral membrane protein gamma-secretase (GS), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gamma-secretase inhibitor LY3039478 binds to the GS protease complex, thereby blocking the proteolytic cleavage and release of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD), which would normally follow ligand binding to the extracellular domain of the Notch receptor. This prevents both the subsequent translocation of NICD to the nucleus to form a transcription factor complex and the expression of Notch-regulated genes. This results in the induction of apoptosis and the inhibition of growth in tumor cells that overexpress Notch. Overexpression of the Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4,4,4-Trifluoro-N-((S)-1-(((S)-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[d]pyrido[2,3-b]azepin-7-yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)butanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor LY3039478","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor LY3039478","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JSMD194","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3039478","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3039478","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3039478","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446654"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1421438-81-4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741069"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741069"}]}}{"C88333":{"preferredName":"Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor RO4929097","code":"C88333","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks certain enzymes that are needed for cell growth. This may slow the growth of cancer cells. It may also decrease the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of gamma-secretase inhibitor and a type of Notch signaling inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule gamma secretase (GS) inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. Gamma secretase inhibitor RO4929097 binds to GS and blocks activation of Notch receptors, which may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. The integral membrane protein GS is a multi-subunit protease complex that cleaves single-pass transmembrane proteins, such as Notch receptors, at residues within their transmembrane domains. Overexpression of the Notch signaling pathway has been correlated with increased tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor RO4929097","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor RO4929097","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R04929097","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO4929097","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO4929097","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742210"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662240"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662240"}]}}{"C116857":{"preferredName":"Gandotinib","code":"C116857","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable imidazopyridazine and inhibitor of Janus kinase 2 mutant V617F (JAK2V617F), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, gandotinib selectively and competitively inhibits the activation of JAK2V617F, which may result in the inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and the induction of apoptosis in JAK2V617F-expressing tumor cells. JAK2V617F has a substitution of phenylalanine for valine at amino acid position 617 and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(4-Chloro-2-fluorobenzyl)-2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-8-(Morpholinomethyl)imidazo(1,2-b)pyridazin-6-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GANDOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gandotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gandotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 2784544","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2784544","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3659426"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1229236-86-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ANC71R916O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682801"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682801"}]}}{"C77872":{"preferredName":"Ganetespib","code":"C77872","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ganetespib binds to and inhibits Hsp90, resulting in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, the inhibition of cell proliferation and the elevation of heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72); it may inhibit the activity of multiple kinases, such as c-Kit, EGFR, and Bcr-Abl, which as client proteins depend on functional HsP90 for maintenance. Hsp90, a 90 kDa molecular chaperone upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, plays a key role in the conformational maturation, stability and function of \"client\" proteins within the cell, many of which are involved in signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, including kinases, transcription factors and hormone receptors. Hsp72 exhibits anti-apoptotic functions; its up-regulation may be used as a surrogate marker for Hsp90 inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(2,4-dihydroxy-5-isopropylphenyl)-4-(1-methylindol-5-yl)-5-hydroxy-4h-1,2,4-triazole 3h-1,2,4-triazol-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-(2,4-dihydroxy-5-(1-methylethyl)phenyl)-2,4-dihydro-4-(1-methyl-1h-indol-5-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GANETESPIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ganetespib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ganetespib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor STA-9090","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STA-9090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2607234"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1143571-94-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2E8412Y946"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598379"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598379"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H20N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hsp90_Inhibitor_STA-9090"}]}}{"C1110":{"preferredName":"Ganglioside GD2","code":"C1110","definitions":[{"description":"A cell surface antigen expressed on all tumors of neuroectodermal origin, including melanoma, neuroblastomas, sarcoma, astrocytomas, and small cell lung cancer. GD2, an O-acetylated disialoganglioside, belongs to the group of glycosphingolipids that are widely expressed in many tissues and organs in vertebrates and have been suggested to be involved in the regulation of development and differentiation as recognition molecules or signal modulators. Due to its high level of expression in neuroblastoma, GD2 has the potential to be used as a component of anti-neuroblastoma vaccines, in addition to being used in polyvalent anti-melanoma vaccines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DISIALOGANGLIOSIDE GD-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Disialoganglioside GD-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GD2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GD2 ganglioside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GalNAc(beta 1->4)-[NeuAc(alpha 2->8)NeuAc(alpha 2->3)]Gal(beta 1->4)GlcCer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganglioside GD2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0061104"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65988-71-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FUI2V09E1C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42295"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42295"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ganglioside_GD2"}]}}{"C516":{"preferredName":"Ganglioside GM2","code":"C516","definitions":[{"description":"A glycosphingolipid antigen expressed by a variety of human cancer cells. GM2 containing vaccines have been shown to elicit antibodies production in melanoma patients without deleterious effects associated with an immune response to GM2. Mutations in at least 1 of 3 recessive genes: HEXA, HEXB, and GM2A cause defects in GM2 catabolism, leading to lysosomal lipid storage disorders that manifest primarily as neurodegenerative diseases, including Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff Disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GM2 ganglioside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganglioside GM2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ganglioside GM2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016896"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"19600-01-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40785"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40785"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ganglioside_GM2"}]}}{"C71531":{"preferredName":"Ganitumab","code":"C71531","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ganitumab binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing binding of the ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent triggering of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; inhibition of this survival signaling pathway may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF-1R is a tyrosine kinase and a member of the insulin receptor family. IGF-1R activation stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis; IGF-1R signaling has been highly implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 479","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Human Monoclonal Antibody AMG-479","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GANITUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ganitumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ganitumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2744646"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"905703-97-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CK1441RCZ8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"578040"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"578040"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-IGF-1R_Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_AMG-479"}]}}{"C118365":{"preferredName":"Ganoderma lucidum Spores Powder Capsule","code":"C118365","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available powder-based nutritional supplement containing the spores of the mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Ganoderma l.), a traditional Chinese medicine, with potential protective, sedative, anti-oxidant, immunomodulating, and antineoplastic activities. The spores contain various bioactive components including polysaccharides, triterpenoids, peptidoglycans, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. Upon oral administration of the Ganoderma lucidum spores powder capsule, the active ingredients may modulate the immune system, may activate dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages and may modulate the production of certain cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa), interleukin (IL) 1-beta (IL-1b), IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8. This supplement may improve cancer-related fatigue and may be used as a sleep aid; it may also have a beneficial effect on the heart, lung, liver, pancreas, kidney, and the central nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ganoderma l. Spores Powder Capsule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganoderma lucidum Spores Powder Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lingzhi Spores Powder Capsule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3899040"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764697"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764697"}]}}{"C38706":{"preferredName":"Garlic","code":"C38706","definitions":[{"description":"A European plant that has a bulb used to flavor food. It has also been used in some cultures to treat certain medical conditions including high cholesterol, high blood pressure, infections, and cancer. The scientific name is Allium sativum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bulbous herb isolated from the plant Allium sativum with potential antineoplastic activity. Garlic contains a number of different organosulfur compounds, some of which have displayed antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ajo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allium Sativum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allium sativum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"GARLIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Garlic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"garlic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0993630"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V1V998DC17"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357490"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357490"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Garlic"}]}}{"C1692":{"preferredName":"Gastrin Immunotoxin","code":"C1692","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotoxin containing an epitope of human gastrin conjugated to diphtheria toxin, with antineoplastic activity. The gastrin epitope in this vaccine is chemically identical or similar to the endogenous gastrin-17 (G-17), a 17-amino acid peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid by the stomach. Diphtheria toxin inhibits protein synthesis via modifying translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2). Vaccination with this immunotoxin may elicit production of antibodies against gastrinoma cells overexpressing gastrin, in addition to the toxic effects on protein synthesis exerted by the diphtheria toxin moiety.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Gastrin Therapeutic Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-gastrin 17","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G17DT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G17DT Immunogen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrimmune","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrin Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neutralize Hormone G17","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neutralizing G17 Hormone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935889"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38352"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38352"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gastrin_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C61329":{"preferredName":"Nastorazepide Calcium","code":"C61329","definitions":[{"description":"A selective, orally available, 1,5-benzodiazepine-derivative gastrin/cholecystokinin 2 (CCK-2) receptor antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Z-360 binds to the gastrin/CCK-2 receptor, thereby preventing receptor activation by gastrin, a peptide hormone frequently associated with the proliferation of gastrointestinal and pancreatic tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastrin/cholecystokinin Type B Receptor Inhibitor Z-360","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NASTORAZEPIDE CALCIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nastorazepide Calcium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z-360","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17961733"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937292"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"343326-69-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GZ3I1DMI8Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485295"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485295"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Z-360"}]}}{"C66935":{"preferredName":"Gataparsen Sodium","code":"C66935","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation antisense oligonucleotide against survivin mRNA with potential antitumor activity. Gataparsen hybridizes to survivin mRNA, thereby blocking translation of survivin protein, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family. Survivin, expressed during embryonal development, is upregulated in a variety of human cancers while absent in most normal adult cells; its expression in tumors is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, shorter survival times, and a decreased response to chemotherapy. Silencing expression of survivin potentially leads to restoration of the apoptotic process in cancer cells, thereby facilitating chemotherapeutic treatments.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antisurvivin Antisense Oligonucleotide LY2181308","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GATAPARSEN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gataparsen Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gataparsen Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 2181308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2181308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2181308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2181308 Heptadecasodium Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832051"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"928768-71-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3KY0EUQ36S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"532253"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"532253"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LY2181308"}]}}{"C94220":{"preferredName":"Gatipotuzumab","code":"C94220","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody recognizing the tumor-specific epitope of mucin-1 (TA-MUC1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Gatipotuzumab targets and binds to the TA-MUC1 epitopes expressed on the cell surface of tumor cells, thereby potentially activating the immune system to induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against the TA-MUC1-expressing tumor cells. TA-MUC1 is designated to MUC1 epitopes with O-glycosylated carbohydrate-induced conformational structures that are tumor-specific, thereby enabling gatipotuzumab to differentiate between tumor MUC1 and non-tumor MUC1 epitopes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GATIPOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gatipotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PankoMab","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PankoMab-GEX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986405"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1264737-26-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"85V55ZLV2Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687630"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687630"}]}}{"C91732":{"preferredName":"Gedatolisib","code":"C91732","definitions":[{"description":"An agent targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, gedatolisib inhibits both PI3K and mTOR kinases, which may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition of cancer cells overexpressing PI3K/mTOR. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(4-[[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]carbonyl]phenyl)-3-[4-(4,6-dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenyl]urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEDATOLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gedatolisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gedatolisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 05212384","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-05212384","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKI 587","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKI-587","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urea, N-(4-((4-(dimethylamino)-1-piperidinyl)carbonyl)phenyl)-N'-(4-(4,6-di-4-morpholinyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2933603"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1197160-78-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"96265TNH2R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651189"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651189"}]}}{"C1855":{"preferredName":"Gefitinib","code":"C1855","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat certain types of non-small cell lung cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is a type of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An anilinoquinazoline with antineoplastic activity. Gefitinib inhibits the catalytic activity of numerous tyrosine kinases including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which may result in inhibition of tyrosine kinase-dependent tumor growth. Specifically, this agent competes with the binding of ATP to the tyrosine kinase domain of EGFR, thereby inhibiting receptor autophosphorylation and resulting in inhibition of signal transduction. Gefitinib may also induce cell cycle arrest and inhibit angiogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(3'-Chloro-4'-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-(3-morpholinopropoxy)quinazoline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEFITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gefitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gefitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Gefitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iressa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iressa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Iressa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-methoxy-6-[3-(4-morpholin) propoxy]-4-quinazolinamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD 1839","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD 1839","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ZD1839","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gefitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"715055"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1122962"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"184475-35-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S65743JHBS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43649"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43649"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H24ClFN4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gefitinib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:49668"}]}}{"C1112":{"preferredName":"Geldanamycin","code":"C1112","definitions":[{"description":"A benzoquinone antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Geldanamycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). HSP90 maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins; the inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins that may be over-expressed or overactive in tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibiotic (U-29,135)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Antibiotic U 29135","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GELDANAMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GELDANAMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Geldanamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Geldanamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"212518"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"122750"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0061179"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"30562-34-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z3K3VJ16KU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Geldanamycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:5292"}]}}{"C133021":{"preferredName":"Gelonin","code":"C133021","definitions":[{"description":"A class I ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) and toxin derived from the seeds of the plant Gelonium multiflorum. Gelonin (rGel) exerts N-glycosidase activity on the 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) unit of eukaryotic ribosomes by cleaving out adenine at the 4324 site, which depurinates rRNA, inactivates ribosomes, inhibits protein synthesis, and results in cell death. Used as the toxin moiety of certain immunotoxins and linked to antibodies specific for a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), gelonin can be targeted to and induce specific cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing the TAA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GEL Protein, Gelonium multiflorum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gelonin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGK974","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribosome-inactivating Protein Gelonin, Gelonium multiflorum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rGel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0061184"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"75037-46-6"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357568"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357568"}]}}{"C66876":{"preferredName":"Gemcitabine","code":"C66876","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug that is used to treat pancreatic cancer that is advanced or has spread. It is also used with other drugs to treat breast cancer that has spread, advanced ovarian cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer that is advanced or has spread. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Gemcitabine blocks the cell from making DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate (dFdCDP) and difluorodeoxycytidine triphosphate (dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCTP competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and is incorporated into DNA. This locks DNA polymerase thereby resulting in \"masked termination\" during DNA replication. On the other hand, dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis. The reduction in the intracellular concentration of dCTP potentiates the incorporation of dFdCTP into DNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Oxo-4-amino-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-1-yl)-2-deoxy-2,2-difluororibose","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2'Deoxy-2',2'-Difluorocytidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Difluorodeoxycytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEMCITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"dFdC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dFdCyd","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gemcitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0045093"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"95058-81-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B76N6SBZ8R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11F2N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gemcitabine_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:175901"}]}}{"C79803":{"preferredName":"Gemcitabine Elaidate","code":"C79803","definitions":[{"description":"A lipophilic, unsaturated fatty acid ester derivative of gemcitabine (dFdC), an antimetabolite deoxynucleoside analogue, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon hydrolysis intracellularly by esterases, the prodrug gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and tri-phosphate (dFdCDP and dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting in DNA strand termination and apoptosis. Due to its lipophilicity, gemcitabine 5'-elaidic acid ester exhibits an increased cellular uptake and accumulation, resulting in an increased conversion to active metabolites, compared to gemcitabine. In addition, this formulation of gemcitabine may be less susceptible to deamination and deactivation by deoxycytidine deaminase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CP-4126","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEMCITABINE ELAIDATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine 5'-Elaidic Acid Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine Elaidate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine Elaidate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703166"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"210829-30-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"231C73W7LG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"624375"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"624375"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gemcitabine_5-Elaidic_Acid_Ester"}]}}{"C961":{"preferredName":"Gemcitabine Hydrochloride","code":"C961","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat pancreatic cancer that is advanced or has spread. It is also used with other drugs to treat breast cancer that has spread, advanced ovarian cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer that is advanced or has spread. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Gemcitabine hydrochloride blocks the cell from making DNA and may kill cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an analogue of the antimetabolite nucleoside deoxycytidine with antineoplastic activity. Gemcitabine is converted intracellularly to the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and triphosphate (dFdCDP, dFdCTP). dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting in DNA strand termination and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Oxo-4-amino-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-1-yl)-2-deoxy-2,2-difluororibose, hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2'Deoxy-2',2'-Difluorocytidine, Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Difluorodeoxycytidine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF 10832","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF-10832","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF10832","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEMCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine HCI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemzar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemzar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LY-188011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY188011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dFdCyd","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gemcitabine hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"613327"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771488"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"122111-03-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Bladder cancer; Breast cancer; Carcinoma of unknown primary origin; Lung cancer; including non-small cell lung cancer; Ovarian cancer; Pancreatic cancer; Renal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U347PV74IL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41213"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41213"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11F2N3O4.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gemcitabine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31647"}]}}{"C105613":{"preferredName":"Gemcitabine Hydrochloride Emulsion","code":"C105613","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available nanoparticle-based formulation containing the hydrochloride salt form of gemcitabine, a broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue, with antineoplastic activity. The formulation consists of an oil-in-water emulsion in which gemicitabine is solubilized in the excipient matrix containing a mixture of oil and (co)surfactants. Upon oral administration, gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate (dFdCDP) and difluorodeoxycytidine triphosphate (dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCTP competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and is incorporated into DNA, resulting in premature termination of DNA replication and the induction of apoptosis. Further, dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and reduces the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis. Compared to gemcitabine alone, the emulsion allows for increased oral bioavailability and decreases its susceptibility to deamination and deactivation by cytidine deaminase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D07001-F4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine Hydrochloride Emulsion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446450"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747250"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747250"}]}}{"C102856":{"preferredName":"Gemcitabine Prodrug LY2334737","code":"C102856","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available valproic acid prodrug of gemcitabine, a broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gemcitabine prodrug LY2334737 is hydrolyzed by carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) and releases gemcitabine systemically over a period of time consistent with formation rate-limited kinetics. In turn, gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate and triphosphate (dFdCDP and dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA replication; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting in premature termination of DNA replication and eventually the induction of apoptosis. Compared to gemcitabine, this prodrug is able to avoid hydrolysis in enterocytes and the portal circulation thus avoiding first pass metabolism and increasing systemic gemcitabine availability. In addition, the slow release of gemcitabine may enhance efficacy while lowering toxicity. CES2, a serine ester hydrolase, is expressed in certain tumors which may allow for increased conversion of gemcitabine at the tumor site thus increases cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gemcitabine Prodrug LY2334737","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine Prodrug LY2334737","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2334737","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2334737","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY2334737","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3252354"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"892128-60-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YLR364XYSA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737787"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737787"}]}}{"C102752":{"preferredName":"Fosgemcitabine Palabenamide","code":"C102752","definitions":[{"description":"A pyrimidine analogue and a proprietary prodrug based on an aryloxy phosphoramidate derivative of gemcitabine with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration and cellular uptake, fosgemcitabine palabenamide is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and triphosphate (dFdCDP, dFdCTP). dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA replication; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting in premature termination of DNA replication and eventually induction of apoptosis. With the phosphoramidate moiety on the gemcitabine monophosphate group, NUC-1031 has improved properties over its parent molecule: 1) is more lipophilic and accumulates in cancer cells by passive diffusion and does not require a nucleoside transporter, 2) as the agent is delivered in the monophosphate form, the first phosphorylation step by deoxycytidine kinase is not required, 3) this agent is not susceptible to deactivation by cytidine deaminase cleavage of the monophosphorylated form. Altogether, this may help overcome resistance to gemcitabine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acelarin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSGEMCITABINE PALABENAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fosgemcitabine Palabenamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fosgemcitabine Palabenamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemictabine ProTide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUC 1031","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUC-1031","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640933"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1562406-27-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I17GWP65CE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735822"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735822"}]}}{"C150807":{"preferredName":"Gemcitabine-Releasing Intravesical System","code":"C150807","definitions":[{"description":"A controlled-release intravesical system consisting of a small flexible tube-like device with a solid core composed of gemcitabine, a broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue, with antineoplastic activity. Upon placement of the gemcitabine-releasing intravesical system (GemRIS) into the bladder, gemcitabine is gradually and continuously released from the system over an extended period of time before being removed from the bladder. Upon release, gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate (dFdCDP) and difluorodeoxycytidine triphosphate (dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCTP competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and is incorporated into DNA, resulting in premature termination of DNA replication and the induction of apoptosis of bladder tumor cells. In addition, dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) and reduces the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GemRIS","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine-Releasing Intravesical System","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gemcitabine-Releasing Intravesical System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAR 200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAR-200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552666"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793540"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793540"}]}}{"C1806":{"preferredName":"Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin","code":"C1806","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody combined with a toxic substance that is used to treat certain types of acute myeloid leukemia in older patients and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Mylotarg is a type of antibody-drug conjugate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant, humanized anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody attached to the cytotoxic antitumor antibiotic calicheamicin. In this conjugate, the antibody binds to and is internalized by tumor cells expressing CD33 antigen (a sialic acid-dependent glycoprotein commonly found on the surface of leukemic blasts), thereby delivering the attached calicheamicin to CD33-expressing tumor cells. Calicheamicin binds to the minor groove of DNA, causing double strand DNA breaks and resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDP-771","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMA-676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calicheamicin-Conjugated Humanized Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEMTUZUMAB OZOGAMICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Mylotarg","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mylotarg","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"WAY-CMA-676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gemtuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"gemtuzumab ozogamicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hP67.6-Calicheamicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"720568"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1533699"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"220578-59-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8GZG754X6M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42868"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42868"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C73H96IN6O25S3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gemtuzumab_Ozogamicin"}]}}{"C1113":{"preferredName":"Genistein","code":"C1113","definitions":[{"description":"An isoflavone found in soy products. Soy isoflavones are being studied to see if they help prevent cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An isoflavone with a hydroxyl group on the B-ring and a second hydroxyl group on the A-ring.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A soy-derived isoflavone and phytoestrogen with antineoplastic activity. Genistein binds to and inhibits protein-tyrosine kinase, thereby disrupting signal transduction and inducing cell differentiation. This agent also inhibits topoisomerase-II, leading to DNA fragmentation and apoptosis, and induces G2/M cell cycle arrest. Genistein exhibits antioxidant, antiangiogenic, and immunosuppressive activities. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4',5, 7-Trihydroxyisoflavone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4',5,7-Trihydroxyisoflavone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GENISTEIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Genestein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genistein","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Genistein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Genistein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Genistein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genistein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Genisteol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Genisteol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prunetol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Prunetol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"genistein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"36586"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0061202"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"446-72-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DH2M523P0H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43214"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43214"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H10O5"},{"name":"INFOODS","value":"GNSTEIN"},{"name":"Unit","value":"mcg"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Genistein"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28088"}]}}{"C154552":{"preferredName":"Gentuximab","code":"C154552","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous injection, gentuximab specifically binds to VEGFR-2, preventing the binding of its ligand, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Inhibition of VEGFR-2 signaling may potentially inhibit tumor angiogenesis and decrease nutrient supply to tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell death. VEGFR-2 is a type V receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) expressed on endothelial cells and some tumor cells that regulates endothelial migration and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gentuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555348"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794351"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794351"}]}}{"C104414":{"preferredName":"Geranylgeranyltransferase I Inhibitor","code":"C104414","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that inhibits protein geranylgeranyltransferase type 1 (GGTase-I), with potential antineoplastic activity. GGTase-I is involved in the posttranslational modification of a number of oncogenic GTPases, including K-Ras, N-Ras, RhoA, RhoC, Cdc42, RalA, RalB and Rac1. Inhibition of the prenylation of these oncogenic proteins inhibits both their oncogenic activity and membrane localization. This may result in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Protein geranylgeranylation, catayzed by GGTase-I, plays a critical role in malignant transformation and cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GGTI-I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GGTase-I Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Geranylgeranyltransferase I Inhibitor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Geranylgeranyltransferase I Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445681"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745403"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745403"}]}}{"C61489":{"preferredName":"GI-4000 Vaccine","code":"C61489","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine containing a heat-killed recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast transfected with mutated forms of Ras, an oncogene frequently found in solid tumors, with potential immunostimulant and antitumor activity. Upon administration, GI-4000 vaccine elicits an immune response by stimulating a specific cytotoxic T-cell response against the mutated forms of Ras. This may lead to a destruction of cancer cells expressing a Ras mutation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GI-4000 Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GI-4000 Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831831"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486259"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486259"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"GI-4000_Vaccine"}]}}{"C116722":{"preferredName":"Gilteritinib","code":"C116722","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, STK1, or FLK2), AXL (UFO or JTK11) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK or CD246), with potential antineoplastic activity. Gilteritinib binds to and inhibits both the wild-type and mutated forms of FLT3, AXL and ALK. This may result in an inhibition of FLT3, AXL, and ALK-mediated signal transduction pathways and reduces tumor cell proliferation in cancer cell types that overexpress these RTKs. FLT3, AXL and ALK, overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cell types, play a key role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Ethyl-3-((3-methoxy-4-(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)phenyl)amino)-5-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)pyrazine-2-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-2215","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP2215","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GILTERITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gilteritinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gilteritinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gilteritinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896738"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1254053-43-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"66D92MGC8M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752319"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752319"}]}}{"C119665":{"preferredName":"Gilteritinib Fumarate","code":"C119665","definitions":[{"description":"The fumarate salt form of gilteritinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; STK1; FLK2), AXL (UFO; JTK11), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK; CD246), and leukocyte receptor tyrosine kinase (LTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gilteritinib binds to and inhibits both the wild-type and mutated forms of FLT3, AXL, ALK and LTK. This may result in an inhibition of FLT3-, AXL-, ALK-, and LTK-mediated signal transduction pathways and reduced proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress these RTKs. FLT3, AXL, ALK, and LTK, which are overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cell types, play key roles in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyrazinecarboxamide, 6-ethyl-3-((3-methoxy-4-(4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-piperidinyl)phenyl)amino)-5-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-, (2E)-2-Butenedioate (2:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-2215 Hemifumarate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP2215 Hemifumarate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GILTERITINIB FUMARATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gilteritinib Fumarate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gilteritinib Fumarate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gilteritinib Hemifumarate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xospata","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896946"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1254053-84-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a FLT3 mutation"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutation when the disease has come back or has not improved after previous treatment(s)."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5RZZ0Z1GJT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792549"}]}}{"C65804":{"preferredName":"Gimatecan","code":"C65804","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called topoisomerase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable, semi-synthetic lipophilic analogue of camptothecin, a quinoline alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminate, with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Gimatecan binds to and inhibits the activity of topoisomerase I, stabilizing the cleavable complex of topoisomerase I-DNA, which inhibits the religation of single-stranded DNA breaks generated by topoisomerase I; lethal double-stranded DNA breaks occur when the topoisomerase I-DNA complex is encountered by the DNA replication machinery, DNA replication is disrupted, and the tumor cell undergoes apoptosis. Although the mechanism of its antiangiogenic activity has yet to be full elucidated, this agent may inhibit endothelial cell migration, tumor neovascularization, and the expression of proangiogenic basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-t-Butoxyiminomethylcamptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GIMATECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gimatecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gimatecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LBQ707","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ST1481","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"STI481","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gimatecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0969276"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"292618-32-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7KKS9R192F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537638"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"537638"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H25N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gimatecan"}]}}{"C2416":{"preferredName":"Gimeracil","code":"C2416","definitions":[{"description":"A pyridine derivative with antitumor activity. Gimeracil enhances the antitumor activity of fluoropyrimidines by competitively and reversibly inhibiting the enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase causing decreased degradation of the fluoropyrimidines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Chloro-2,4-pyridinediol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDHP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorodihydroxypyridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GIMERACIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gimeracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0535459"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"103766-25-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UA8SE1325T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42587"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42587"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H4ClNO2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chlorodihydroxypyridine"}]}}{"C103300":{"preferredName":"Ginsenoside Rg3 Capsule","code":"C103300","definitions":[{"description":"A capsule containing the steroidal saponin ginsenoside Rg3 isolated from the root of Panax ginseng, with potential cancer preventive and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon oral administration, ginsenoside Rg3 appears to inhibit endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tubular formation, and promotes cancer cell apoptosis. This agent also modulates the activities of certain growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), on tumor angiogenesis. In addition, ginsenoside Rg3 may be able to sensitize cancer cells to some chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ginsenoside Rg3 Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shen Yi Capsule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0385181"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742493"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742493"}]}}{"C1960":{"preferredName":"Girentuximab","code":"C1960","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against G250, a cell surface antigen found in the majority of renal cell carcinomas. Following binding, monoclonal antibody G250 (mAb G250) may be internalized by G250 antigen-expressing renal carcinoma cells; mAb G250 may be useful as a carrier for radioisotopes and other antineoplastic therapeutic agents. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody cG250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GIRENTUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Girentuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Girentuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb G250","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody G250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rencarex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX-G250","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cG250","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0540128"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"916138-87-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"539B57DFJF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"373829"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"373829"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_G-250"}]}}{"C1373":{"preferredName":"Girodazole","code":"C1373","definitions":[{"description":"A compound isolated from the marine sponge Pseudaxinyssa cantharella exhibiting anti-tumor activity. Studies indicate girodazole acts during the elongation/termination steps of protein synthesis, resulting in protein synthesis inhibition. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Amino-1-[4-(2 amino-1H-imidazolyl)]-propanol, 2HCl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Girodazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giroline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP 49532A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"627434"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0119196"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"135824-74-7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Girodazole"}]}}{"C124651":{"preferredName":"GITR Agonist MEDI1873","code":"C124651","definitions":[{"description":"An agonist of human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 18; TNFRSF18; GITR), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, GITR agonist MEDI1873 binds to GITR found on multiple types of T-cells, thereby inducing both the activation and proliferation of tumor antigen-specific T effector cells. This abrogates the suppression of T effector cells which is induced by inappropriately activated T regulatory cells (Tregs), and activates the immune system to help eradicate tumor cells. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, is expressed on the surface of multiple types of immune cells, including regulatory T-cells, effector T-cells, B-cells, dendritic cells (DCs) and natural killer (NK) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GITR Agonist MEDI1873","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GITR Agonist MEDI1873","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GITR Stimulant MEDI1873","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 1873","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI1873","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFRSF18 Agonist MEDI1873","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFRSF18 Protein Stimulant MEDI1873","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502883"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776837"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776837"}]}}{"C71716":{"preferredName":"Givinostat","code":"C71716","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable hydroxymate inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) with potential anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and antineoplastic activities. Givinostat inhibits class I and class II HDACs, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. At low, nonapoptotic concentrations, this agent inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-), interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and interferon-gamma. Givinostat has also been shown to activate the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, inducing apoptosis in hepatoma cells and leukemic cells. This agent may also exhibit anti-angiogenic activity, inhibiting the production of angiogenic factors such as IL-6 and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) by bone marrow stromal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GIVINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gavinostat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Givinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ITF2357","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987670"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"497833-27-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5P60F84FBH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560751"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560751"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H27N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HDAC_Inhibitor_ITF2357"}]}}{"C84862":{"preferredName":"Glasdegib","code":"C84862","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Glasdegib appears to inhibit Hh pathway signaling. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair. Constitutive activation of Hh pathway signaling has been observed in various types of malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLASDEGIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glasdegib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glasdegib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 04449913","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04449913","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF04449913","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412426"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1095173-27-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K673DMO5H9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C156894":{"preferredName":"Glasdegib Maleate","code":"C156894","definitions":[{"description":"The maleate salt form of glasdegib, an orally bioavailable small-molecule, smoothened (SMO) receptor inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, glasdegib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SMO. This inhibits the activity of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway and inhibits the growth of tumor cells in which this pathway is aberrantly activated. SMO, a transmembrane protein, is involved in Hh signal transduction. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation, repair, and cancer stem cell (CSC) survival. Constitutive activation of Hh pathway signaling has been observed in various types of malignancies and is associated with uncontrolled cellular proliferation in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-((2R,4R)-2-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-3-(4-cyanophenyl)urea Maleate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daurismo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glasdegib Maleate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glasdegib Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 04449913 Maleate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935991"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"acute myeloid leukemia (AML)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"652940"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"652940"}]}}{"C1114":{"preferredName":"Glaucarubolone","code":"C1114","definitions":[{"description":"A polycyclic lactone quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the seeds of Hannoa undulata and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. This agent also has antiviral and antitumor properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glaucarubolone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glaucarubolone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"126764"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0061299"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1990-01-8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glaucarubolone"}]}}{"C160484":{"preferredName":"Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir","code":"C160484","definitions":[{"description":"A fixed dose combination of glecaprevir, an inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A serine protease, and pibrentasvir, an inhibitor of the HCV non-structural protein 5A (NS5A), with activity against HCV genotypes 1-6. Upon oral administration of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir, glecaprevir inhibits the HCV NS3/4A serine protease enzyme, thereby disrupting the cleavage of the virally encoded polyprotein into mature proteins and preventing the formation of the viral replication complex. Pibrentasvir inhibits the activity of the NS5A protein, leading to disruption of the viral RNA replication complex, blockage of HCV RNA production, and inhibition of viral replication. HCV is a small, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family; HCV infection is associated with the development of certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-493/ABT-530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLE/PIB","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glecaprevir-Pibrentasvir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mavyret","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL777819"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798328"}]}}{"C78449":{"preferredName":"Glembatumumab Vedotin","code":"C78449","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate, consisting of the fully human monoclonal antibody CR011 directed against glycoprotein NMB (GPNMB) and conjugated via a cathepsin B-sensitive valine-citrulline (vc) linkage to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody CR011 moiety binds to glycoprotein nmb (GPNMB), expressed on the surfaces of a variety of cancer cell types; upon endocytosis, the synthetic dolastin analogue MMAE is released via enzymatic cleavage into the tumor cell cytosol, where it binds to tubulin and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. The vc linkage system is highly stable in serum, rendering the cytotoxicity of glembatumumab vedotin specific for GPNMB-positive cells. GPNMB is a transmembrane protein overexpressed on the surfaces of various cancer cell types, including melanoma, breast, and prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibody-Drug Conjugate CR011-vcMMAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CR011-vcMMAE","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CR011-vcMMAE Immunotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLEMBATUMUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glembatumumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glembatumumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698156"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1182215-65-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1568H6A58U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599456"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599456"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Antibody-Drug_Conjugate_CR011-vcMMAE"}]}}{"C77876":{"preferredName":"Glesatinib","code":"C77876","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Glesatinib binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), including the c-Met receptor (hepatocyte growth factor receptor); the Tek/Tie-2 receptor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) types 1, 2, and 3; and the macrophage-stimulating 1 receptor (MST1R or RON). Inhibition of these RTKs and their downstream signaling pathways may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation in tumors overexpressing these RTKs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLESATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glesatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glesatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG90265","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG90265X","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGCD265","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TKI MGCD265","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383618"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"936694-12-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7Q29OXD98N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"597305"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"597305"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_MGCD265"}]}}{"C107502":{"preferredName":"Glioblastoma Cancer Vaccine ERC1671","code":"C107502","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of a combination of autologous glioblastoma (GBM) tumor cells, allogeneic GBM tumor cells, generated from three different GBM donor cancer patients, and the lysates of all of these cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal administration of GBM cancer vaccine ERC1671, the mixture of the autologous and allogeneic cells and lysates stimulates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GBM-associated antigens, which leads to the destruction of glioblastoma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERC-1671","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERC1671","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma Cancer Vaccine ERC1671","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma Cancer Vaccine ERC1671","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliovac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL451748"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751319"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751319"}]}}{"C94211":{"preferredName":"Glioblastoma Multiforme Multipeptide Vaccine IMA950","code":"C94211","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of 11 peptides associated with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with glioblastoma multiforme multi-antigen vaccine IMA950 stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response as well as a T-helper (Th) immune response against tumor cells expressing these peptides, potentially resulting in decreased tumor growth of GBM. Peptides in IMA950 consist of the following: brevican (BCAN); chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4); fatty acid binding protein 7, brain (FABP7); insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3); neuroligin 4, X-linked (NLGN4X); neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NRCAM); protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor-type, Z polypeptide 1 (PTPRZ1); tenascin C (TNC); Met proto-oncogene (MET); baculoviral IAP repeat-containing 5 (BIRC5); and hepatitis B virus core antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glioblastoma Multiforme Multipeptide Vaccine IMA950","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma Multiforme Multipeptide Vaccine IMA950","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA950","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426024"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687015"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687015"}]}}{"C139000":{"preferredName":"Glioma Lysate Vaccine GBM6-AD","code":"C139000","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic cell lysate-based vaccine derived from the glioma stem cell line GBM6-AD, which was isolated from the brain tumor of a patient diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the glioma lysate vaccine GBM6-AD exposes the immune system to an undefined amount of glioma-associated antigens (GAAs), and stimulates the immune system to mount a specific anti-tumoral, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated response against the GAA-expressing cells, resulting in glioma cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GBM6-AD","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GBM6-AD Lysate Protein Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioma Cell Lysate Vaccine GBM6-AD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioma Lysate Vaccine GBM6-AD","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glioma Lysate Vaccine GBM6-AD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526538"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790956"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790956"}]}}{"C114496":{"preferredName":"Glioma-associated Peptide-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine SL-701","code":"C114496","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based cancer vaccine comprised of dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with various, synthetic glioma-associated antigen (GAA) peptides, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, the glioma-associated peptide-loaded DC vaccine SL-701 exposes the immune system to various GAA peptides. This may stimulate both anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against the GAA-expressing glioma cells, which may result in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glioma-associated Peptide-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine SL-701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472322"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759093"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759093"}]}}{"C119745":{"preferredName":"Globo H-DT Vaccine OBI-833","code":"C119745","definitions":[{"description":"A carbohydrate-based vaccine comprised of the Globo H hexasaccharide 1 (Globo H) antigen conjugated to DT-CRM197, a non-toxic, mutated form of diphtheria toxin (DT), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of Globo H-DT vaccine OBI-833, the carbohydrate antigen Globo H may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against Globo H-expressing tumor cells, thereby decreasing tumor cell proliferation. The hexasaccharide Globo H is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) commonly found on a variety of tumor cells. DT-CRM197, also called diphtheria toxin cross-reacting material 197, is used to increase the immunogenicity of the Globo H carbohydrate antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Globo H-CRM197 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Globo H-DT Vaccine OBI-833","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI-833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI-833","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896801"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NC1XBS5AET"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767196"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767196"}]}}{"C346":{"preferredName":"Glucarpidase","code":"C346","definitions":[{"description":"A bacterial enzyme that breaks down proteins and other substances, including methotrexate. It is being studied in the treatment of toxic effects caused by methotrexate. It may also help activate certain drugs to kill cancer cells. It is a type of chemoprotective agent and a type of prodrug activator.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A zinc-dependent enzyme isolated from a strain of the bacterium Pseudomonas. Because glucarpidase rapidly hydrolyzes methotrexate into inactive metabolites, it may be useful as a rescue agent for methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity. In antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT), this agent is conjugated with an antibody that binds to a specific tumor cell type, allowing for glucarpidase-catalyzed activation of a co-administered prodrug at the site of the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acetylaspartylglutamate Dipeptidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPDG2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPG2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carboxypeptidase G2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLUCARPIDASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glucarpidase","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glucarpidase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly(gamma-glutamic Acid) Endohydrolase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pteroylpolygammaglutamyl Hydrolase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Voraxaze","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carboxypeptidase-G2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"732443"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"641273"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007072"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9074-87-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2GFP9BJD79"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41665"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41665"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H20O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carboxypeptidase-G2"}]}}{"C162509":{"preferredName":"Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ORIC-101","code":"C162509","definitions":[{"description":"A mifepristone-based steroidal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ORIC-101 selectively binds to GRs, thereby inhibiting the activation of GR-mediated proliferative and anti-apoptotic gene expression pathways. The GR, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors, is overexpressed in certain tumor types and may be associated with tumor cell proliferation and treatment resistance. Inhibition of GR activity may potentially slow tumor cell growth and disease progression in certain cancers. Due to its reduced androgen receptor (AR) agonistic activity and improved cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) and 2C9 (CYP2C9) inhibition profile, ORIC-101 may be useful in the treatment of AR-positive tumors with reduced potential for drug-drug interactions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GR Antagonist ORIC-101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ORIC-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ORIC-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORIC 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORIC-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORIC101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970945"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798818"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798818"}]}}{"C1612":{"preferredName":"Glufosfamide","code":"C1612","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A compound consisting of the mustard agent ifosforamide conjugated to glucose, with potential alkylating activity. Glufosfamide is cleaved by glucosidases in tumor cells and forms ifosforamide. In turn, ifosforamide alkylates and forms DNA crosslinks, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and subsequent cell growth. The glucose moiety may enhance this agent's uptake by tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Beta-D-Glucosyl-Ifosfamide Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-19575","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLUFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glufosfamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glufosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"glc-IPM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"glufosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0380377"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"132682-98-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1W5N8SZD9A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42676"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42676"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H21Cl2N2O7P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glufosfamide"}]}}{"C156700":{"preferredName":"Glumetinib","code":"C156700","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, glumetinib targets and binds to the c-Met protein, thereby disrupting c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLUMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glumetinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCC 244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCC-244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCC244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935869"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1642581-63-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7JTT036WGX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795718"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795718"}]}}{"C114381":{"preferredName":"Telaglenastat","code":"C114381","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of glutaminase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CB-839 selectively and irreversibly inhibits glutaminase, a mitochondrial enzyme that is essential for the conversion of the amino acid glutamine into glutamate. By blocking glutamine utilization, proliferation in rapidly growing cells is impaired. Glutamine-dependent tumors rely on the conversion of exogenous glutamine into glutamate and glutamate metabolites to both provide energy and generate building blocks for the production of macromolecules, which are needed for cellular growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CB-839","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELAGLENASTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Telaglenastat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Telaglenastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10815","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827146"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1439399-58-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U6CL98GLP4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758477"}]}}{"C150413":{"preferredName":"Telaglenastat Hydrochloride","code":"C150413","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of CB-839, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of glutaminase, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon oral administration, CB-839 selectively and reversibly binds to and inhibits human glutaminase, an enzyme that is essential for the conversion of the amino acid glutamine into glutamate. Blocking glutamine metabolism inhibits proliferation in rapidly growing tumor cells and leads to an induction of cell death. Unlike normal healthy cells, glutamine-dependent tumors heavily rely on the intracellular conversion of exogenous glutamine into glutamate and glutamate metabolites to both provide energy and generate building blocks for the production of macromolecules, which are needed for cellular growth and survival. In addition, CB-839 causes accumulation of glutamine in tumor cells and increases glutamine concentration in the tumor microenvironment (TME) upon cell death. As glutamine is essential for T-cell generation, CB-839 may also enhance T-cell proliferation and activation in the TME, which may lead to further killing of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyridineacetamide, N-(5-(4-(6-((2-(3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)acetyl)amino)-3-pyridazinyl)butyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-, Hydrochloride (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB-839 HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glutaminase Inhibitor CB-839 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELAGLENASTAT HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Telaglenastat Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Telaglenastat Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552142"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1874231-60-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B33561JJ61"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801359"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801359"}]}}{"C106121":{"preferredName":"Glutathione Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Formulation 2B3-101","code":"C106121","definitions":[{"description":"A glutathione (GSH) pegylated, liposome-encapsulated preparation of the hydrochloride salt form of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential anetineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the glutathione pegylated liposomal formulation 2B3-101 specifically delivers doxorubicin into the brain. Doxorubicin intercalates between DNA base pairs and interferes with topoisomerase II activity, which inhibits both DNA replication and RNA synthesis, resulting in cancer cell death and tumor regression. Doxorubicin also generates reactive oxygen species, which causes cell membrane lipid peroxidation leading to cytotoxicity. The pegylated liposomal delivery of doxorubicin improves drug penetration into tumors and prolongs circulation time, thereby increasing doxorubicin's efficacy and decreasing its toxicity. Conjugation of GSH to the PEG molecules directs the liposomes to the GSH transporters on the blood brain barrier (BBB) and improves the delivery of doxorubicin into the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2B3-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glutathione Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Formulation 2B3-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827174"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748730"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748730"}]}}{"C151952":{"preferredName":"Glyco-engineered Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody CHO H01","code":"C151952","definitions":[{"description":"A glyco-engineered monoclonal antibody directed against the human B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of glyco-engineered anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody CHO H01, the antibody specifically targets and binds to CD20. This induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B-cells, which leads to B-cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. In addition, CHO H01 inhibits CD20-mediated signaling which further induces apoptosis in and inhibits proliferation of CD20-expressing tumor cells. CD20, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development, is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. The Fc-glycans are homogenously engineered onto the antibody and increase ADCC, anti-tumor activity and the half-life of the antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHO H01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHO-H01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHO-H01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glyco-engineered Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody CHO H01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553180"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OJ72N0B4UC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793171"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793171"}]}}{"C97917":{"preferredName":"Glycooptimized Trastuzumab-GEX","code":"C97917","definitions":[{"description":"A glycoengineered form of a monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Glycooptimized trastuzumab-GEX specifically binds to the extracellular domain of HER2, thereby inducing an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against HER2-expressing tumor cells. This eventually results in apoptosis and growth inhibition of tumor cells. HER2, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase EGFR superfamily, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumors. This agent has a specific glycosylation profile that may enhance its ADCC response against HER2-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ant-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody GT-Mab 7.3-GEX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GT-Mab 7.3-GEX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glycooptimized Trastuzumab-GEX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TrasGEX","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430400"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"708211"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"708211"}]}}{"C98287":{"preferredName":"GM-CSF-encoding Oncolytic Adenovirus CGTG-102","code":"C98287","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, oncolytic serotype 5/3 capsid-modified adenovirus encoding the immunostimulatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the oncolytic adenovirus selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell lysis. Synergistically, GM-CSF (sargramostim) expressed by the oncolytic adenovirus enhances antigen presentation, promotes natural killer (NK) cell-mediated killing and causes a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response against tumor cells harboring the oncolytic adenovirus, resulting in an immune-mediated tumor cell death. CGTG-102 is designed to replicate only in cells with defects in the p16/Rb/E2F pathway, attributed to a mutation common in many solid tumors. Replacement of the Ad5 capsid protein knob with a knob domain from serotype 3 causes higher transduction in cancer cells as compared to normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGTG-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GM-CSF-encoding Oncolytic Adenovirus CGTG-102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GM-CSF-encoding Oncolytic Adenovirus CGTG-102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONCOS-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432405"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712555"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712555"}]}}{"C74037":{"preferredName":"Gold Sodium Thiomalate","code":"C74037","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of gold thiomalic acid, an organogold compound with antirheumatic and potential antineoplastic activities. Gold sodium thiomalate (GST) appears to inhibit the activity of atypical protein kinase C iota (PKCiota) by forming a cysteinyl-aurothiomalate adduct with the cysteine residue Cys-69 within the PB1 binding domain of PKCiota. This prevents the binding of Par6 (Partitioning defective protein 6) to PKCiota, thereby inhibiting PKCiota-mediated oncogenic signaling, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, the promotion of tumor cell differentiation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Atypical PKCiota, a serine/threonine kinase overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types, plays an important role in cancer proliferation, invasion, and survival; Par6 is a scaffold protein that facilitates atypical PKC-mediated phosphorylation of cytoplasmic proteins involved in epithelial and neuronal cell polarization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurolate","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurothiomalate Disodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOLD SODIUM THIOMALATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gold Sodium Thiomalate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gold Sodium Thiomalate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myochrysine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018034"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"12244-57-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E4768ZY6GM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581226"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gold_Sodium_Thiomalate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:5516"}]}}{"C26444":{"preferredName":"Golnerminogene Pradenovec","code":"C26444","definitions":[{"description":"A gene therapy product that is being studied in combination with radiation therapy in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant agent consisting of a genetically-modified adenovirus 5 vector encoding the protein cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha. TNF exhibits potent anti-tumor cytolytic properties; the adenovirus 5 vector efficiently infects tumor cells, delivering tumor-specific TNF.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADgv EGR.TNF.11D","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ad 5-TNF Alpha","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenovirus 5-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Golnerminogene Pradenovec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Golnerminogene Pradenovec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFerade","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFerade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327819"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"957472-14-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Treatment of solid tumors including pancreatic cancer"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"258431"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"258431"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenovirus_5-Tumor_Necrosis_Factor_Alpha"}]}}{"C76497":{"preferredName":"Golotimod","code":"C76497","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable synthetic peptide containing the amino acids D-glutamine and L-tryptophan connected by a gamma-glutamyl linkage with potential immunostimulating, antimicrobial and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, golotimod appears to inhibit the expression of STAT-3, reversing immunosuppression and stimulating an anti-tumor immune response. This agent may stimulate the production of T-lymphocytes, in particular the helper T (Th1) cells, activate macrophages, and increase levels of interleukin 2 and interferon gamma. STAT-3, a transcription factor upregulated in many cancer cell types, is involved in tumor cell growth and survival and immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2R)-2-Amino-5-(((1S)-1-carboxy-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-oxopentanoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOLOTIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gamma-D-Glutamyl-L-Tryptophan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Golotimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Golotimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCV 07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCV-07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCV07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gamma-D-Glu-L-trp","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1173247"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"229305-39-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"637C487Y09"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617379"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617379"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H19N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Golotimod"}]}}{"C82363":{"preferredName":"Golvatinib","code":"C82363","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable dual kinase inhibitor of c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) and VEGFR-2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2) tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met/VEGFR kinase inhibitor E7050 binds to and inhibits the activities of both c-Met and VEGFR-2, which may inhibit tumor cell growth and survival of tumor cells that overexpress these receptor tyrosine kinases. c-Met and VEGFR-2 are upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and play important roles in tumor cell growth, migration and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-cyclopropanedicarboxamide, N-(2-fluoro-4-((2-(((4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-piperidinyl)carbonyl)amino)-4-pyridinyl)oxy)phenyl)-N'-(4-fluorophenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOLVATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Golvatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Golvatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met/VEGFR-2 Kinase Inhibitor E7050","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3642430"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"928037-13-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"516Z3YP58E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640626"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640626"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H37F2N7O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"c-Met_VEGFR_Kinase_Inhibitor_E7050"}]}}{"C1910":{"preferredName":"Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Analog","code":"C1910","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that keeps the testicles and ovaries from making sex hormones by blocking other hormones that are needed to make them. In men, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists cause the testicles to stop making testosterone. In women, they cause the ovaries to stop making estrogen and progesterone. Some gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists are used to treat prostate cancer. Also called GnRH agonist, LH-RH agonist, and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic analogue of the endogenous hormone gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GnRH analogue mimics endogenous GnRH and strongly binds to and activates pituitary GnRH receptors, which stimulates the synthesis and secretion of the gonadotropic hormones, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Continuous, prolonged activation by the GnRH analogue results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and receptor downregulation. This causes inhibition of pituitary gonadotropin secretion of LH and FSH. In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the production and release of testosterone from Leydig cells in the testes and causes a significant decline in testosterone production that is near the levels seen after castration. This may inhibit androgen receptor-positive tumor progression. In females, this results in a decrease in estradiol production. GnRH, also called luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH), is normally synthesized in and secreted by the hypothalamus. Synthetic analogues of GnRH have a stronger receptor binding affinity than the endogenous form.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GnRH Agonist","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GnRH Analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analogue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Analog","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Analog","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LH-RH Analogs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LH-RH agonist","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LHRH Agonist","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1268900"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42628"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42628"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Luteinizing_Hormone-releasing_Hormone_Agonist"}]}}{"C1374":{"preferredName":"Goserelin","code":"C1374","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that belongs to the family of drugs called gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues. Goserelin is used to block hormone production in the ovaries or testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic decapeptide analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) with antineoplastic activity. Goserelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Prolonged administration of goserelin inhibits the secretion of pituitary gonadotropin, thereby decreasing levels of testosterone (in males) and estradiol (in females). Administration of this agent in a depot formulation may result in the regression of sex hormone-sensitive tumors and a reduction in sex organ size and function. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-[O-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-D-serine]-10-deglycinamide Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor (Pig) 2-(aminocarbonyl)hydrazide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOSERELIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Goserelin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Goserelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI-118630","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"goserelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0120107"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65807-02-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; Endometrial-thinning; Endometriosis; In vitro fertilization; Prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0F65R8P09N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C59H84N18O14"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Goserelin"}]}}{"C1417":{"preferredName":"Goserelin Acetate","code":"C1417","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt of a synthetic decapeptide analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). Continuous, prolonged administration of goserelin in males results in inhibition of pituitary gonadotropin secretion, leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D-Ser(bu(t))(6)azgly(10)-LHRH Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOSERELIN ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Goserelin Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Goserelin Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZDX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zoladex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zoladex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"606864"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700476"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65807-02-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast Carcinoma; Prostate Carcinoma; Endometriosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6YUU2PV0U8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40224"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40224"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C59H84N18O14.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Goserelin_Acetate"}]}}{"C156710":{"preferredName":"Goserelin Acetate Extended-release Microspheres LY01005","code":"C156710","definitions":[{"description":"A long-acting, extended-release microsphere formulation of the acetate form of goserelin, a synthetic decapeptide analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, goserelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Prolonged administration of goserelin inhibits the secretion of pituitary gonadotropin, thereby decreasing levels of testosterone (in males) and estradiol (in females). Administration of this agent in an extended-release formulation may result in the regression of sex hormone-sensitive tumors and a reduction in sex organ size and function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Goserelin Acetate Extended-release Microspheres","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Goserelin Acetate Extended-release Microspheres LY01005","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 01005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-01005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY01005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935864"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795737"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795737"}]}}{"C529":{"preferredName":"Gossypol","code":"C529","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It comes from the seed of the cotton plant (Gossypium). It blocks the growth of cells and may kill cancer cells. Cottonseed meal toxin may also act as a male contraceptive (a type of birth control).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active polyphenolic aldehyde with potential antineoplastic activity. Derived primarily from unrefined cottonseed oil, gossypol induces cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and inducing apoptosis. This agent also inhibits cell-signaling enzymes, resulting in inhibition of cell growth, and may act as a male contraceptive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+/-)-Gossypol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(2,2'-Binaphthalene)-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6'7, 7'-hexahydroxy-5,5'-diisopropyl-3,3'-dimethyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,1',6,6',7,7'-Hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)[2,2'-binaphthalene]-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,1',6,6',7,7'-Hexahydroxy-5,5'-diisopropyl-3-3'-dimethyl[2,2'-binaphthalene]-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,2'-bis(1,6,7-trihydroxy-4-methyl-5-isopropyl-8-aldehydonaphthalene)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,2'-bis[8-Formyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-5-isopropyl-3-methylnaphthalene]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL-193","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cottonseed Meal Toxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOSSYPOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GOSSYPOL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Gossypol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Gossypol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"No Fertil","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pogosin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tash 1","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cottonseed meal toxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"gossypol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"624336"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"56817"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018096"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"303-45-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KAV15B369O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"505287"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"505287"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H30O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gossypol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28584"}]}}{"C1118":{"preferredName":"Gossypol Acetic Acid","code":"C1118","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It is a form of a chemical taken from the seed of the cotton plant (Gossypium). It blocks the growth of cells and may kill cancer cells. Gossypol acetic acid may also act as a male contraceptive (form of birth control).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The naturally occurring acetic acid form of gossypol, and an orally available polyphenolic aldehyde derived mostly from cottonseed with potential antineoplastic activity. The biologic activities of gossypol acetic acid are similar to those of gossypol and include suppression of DNA replication, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and male contraceptive effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GOSSYPOL ACETIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gossypol Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gossypol Acetic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gossypol acetic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0061824"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"12542-36-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S7RL72610R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H30O8.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gossypol_Acetic_Acid"}]}}{"C124131":{"preferredName":"Grapiprant","code":"C124131","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antagonist of the prostaglandin E receptor subtype 4 (EP4), with potential analgesic, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of grapiprant, this agent selectively binds to and inhibits the binding of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prevents the activation of the EP4 receptor. This inhibits PGE2-EP4 receptor-mediated signaling and prevents proliferation in tumor cells in which the PGE2-EP4 signaling pathway is over-activated. In addition, EP4 receptor inhibition modulates the immune system by preventing both interleukin-23 (IL-23) production and the IL-23-mediated expansion of Th17 cells. As EP4 is expressed by peripheral sensory neurons, blockade of EP4-mediated signaling may induce an analgesic effect. EP4, a prostanoid receptor subtype, is a G protein-coupled receptor that is expressed in certain types of cancers; it promotes tumor cell proliferation and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AAT-007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CJ 023,423","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CJ-023,423","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CJ023,423","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRAPIPRANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Grapiprant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Grapiprant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[[2,4-(2-ethyl-4,6-dimethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-1-yl)phenylethylamino]carbonyl]-4-methyl-benzenesulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RQ-00000007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RQ-07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2001392"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"415903-37-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J9F5ZPH7NB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776626"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776626"}]}}{"C97514":{"preferredName":"Green Tea Extract-based Antioxidant Supplement","code":"C97514","definitions":[{"description":"A dietary supplement containing a green tea extract including the catechin epigallocatechin gallate and other vitamins and antioxidants, with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. The polyphenols in green tea act as antioxidants and scavenge free radicals which may inhibit cellular oxidation and prevent free radical damage to cells. In addition, polyphenols may affect enzymes involved in cellular reproduction and tumor angiogenesis by modulating angiogenic factors. Other ingredients in green tea extract-based antioxidant supplement include dry cinnamon extract, germanium, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, arginine, cysteine, malic acid, ascorbic acid (vitamin c), glycyrrhizinic acid, glycine, glucosamine, pyridoxal (vitamin B6), calcium pantothenate (vitamin B5), folic acid, cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Green Tea Extract-based Antioxidant Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncoxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430258"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703891"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703891"}]}}{"C116872":{"preferredName":"GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor AL101","code":"C116872","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule gamma secretase (GS) and pan-Notch inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, GS/pan-Notch inhibitor AL101 binds to GS and blocks activation of Notch receptors, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells with an overly-active Notch pathway. The integral membrane protein GS is a multi-subunit protease complex that cleaves single-pass transmembrane proteins, such as Notch receptors, at residues within their transmembrane domains that lead to their activation. Overactivation of the Notch signaling pathway, often triggered by activating mutations, has been correlated with increased cellular proliferation and poor prognosis in certain tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AL 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AL-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AL101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-906024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor AL101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor AL101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896900"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695660"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695660"}]}}{"C118573":{"preferredName":"GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor BMS-986115","code":"C118573","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, gamma secretase (GS) and pan-Notch inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GS/pan-Notch inhibitor BMS 986115 binds to GS and blocks the proteolytic cleavage and release of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD), which would normally follow ligand binding to the extracellular domain of the Notch receptor. This prevents both the subsequent translocation of NICD to the nucleus to form a transcription factor complex and the expression of Notch-regulated genes. This results in the induction of apoptosis and the inhibition of growth of tumor cells that overexpress Notch. Overexpression of the Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. The integral membrane protein GS is a multi-subunit protease complex that cleaves single-pass transmembrane proteins, such as Notch receptors, at residues within their transmembrane domains and leads to their activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-986115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor BMS-986115","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GS/pan-Notch Inhibitor BMS-986115","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471756"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754986"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754986"}]}}{"C156792":{"preferredName":"GSK-3 Inhibitor 9-ING-41","code":"C156792","definitions":[{"description":"A maleimide-based, small molecule inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3; serine/threonine-protein kinase GSK3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, 9-ING-41 binds to and competitively inhibits GSK-3, which may lead to downregulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and decreased expression of NF-kappaB target genes including cyclin D1, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), anti-apoptotic protein XIAP, and B-cell lymphoma extra-large (Bcl-XL). This may inhibit NF-kappaB-mediated survival and chemoresistance in certain tumor types. GSK-3, a constitutively active serine/threonine kinase that plays a role in numerous pathways involved in protein synthesis, cellular proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism, is aberrantly overexpressed in certain tumor types and may promote tumor cell survival and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9 ING 41","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-ING-41","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-3 Inhibitor 9-ING-41","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GSK-3 Inhibitor 9-ING-41","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibitor 9-ING-41","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935798"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796464"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796464"}]}}{"C116849":{"preferredName":"GSK-3 Inhibitor LY2090314","code":"C116849","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, LY2090314 binds to and inhibits GSK-3 in an ATP-competitive manner. This prevents GSK-3-mediated phosphorylation of beta-catenin, which inhibits the subsequent ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of beta-catenin. This leads to the activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. GSK-3, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a key role in numerous pathways involved in protein synthesis, cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway plays key roles in both cellular proliferation and differentiation. The increased expression of beta-catenin, a transcriptional activator, correlates with decreased cellular proliferation and improved prognosis in select cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(9-Fluoro-2-(piperidine-1-carbonyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-[1,4]diazepino[6,7,1-hi]indol-7-yl)-4-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-3 Inhibitor LY2090314","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"GSK-3 Inhibitor LY2090314","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 2090314","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2090314","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2090314","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3713994"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"603288-22-8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686910"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686910"}]}}{"C95209":{"preferredName":"Guadecitabine","code":"C95209","definitions":[{"description":"A dinucleotide antimetabolite of a decitabine linked via phosphodiester bond to a guanosine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following metabolic activation by phosphorylation and incorporation into DNA, guadecitabine inhibits DNA methyltransferase, thereby causing genome-wide and non-specific hypomethylation, and inducing cell cycle arrest at S-phase. This agent is resistant to cytidine deaminase, hence may result in gradual release of decitabine both extra and intracellularly, leading to more prolonged exposures to decitabine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNMT inhibitor SGI-110","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GUADECITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Guadecitabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Guadecitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGI-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986994"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2KT4YN1DP7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691684"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691684"}]}}{"C65826":{"preferredName":"Guanabenz Acetate","code":"C65826","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable, acetate salt form of guanabenz, a centrally-acting alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, with anti-hypertensive and potential antineoplastic, cytoprotective and bone resorption inhibitory activities. Upon oral administration, guanabenz suppresses endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by inhibiting the stress-induced dephosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2a), thereby enhancing the phosphorylation level of eIF2a. This causes elF2a-mediated downregulation of the Rac1 pathway, upregulates the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), which plays a key role in osteoblastogenesis, and downregulates the expression of nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), which is a transcription factor that plays a key role in osteoclastogenesis. This enhances osteoblastogenesis and suppresses osteoclastogenesis. Altogether, this promotes new bone formation and prevents bone degradation. In addition, guanabenz blocks the proliferation, survival, motility and invasiveness of tumor cells through the eIF2a-mediated downregulation of Rac1 signaling. Rac1, a Ras-related small GTPase belonging to the Rho family, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival and motility.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-((2,6-Dichlorophenyl)methylene)carbazamidine Monoacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GUANABENZ ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Guanabenz Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Guanabenz Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wytensin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018313"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"23256-50-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"443O19GK1A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772252"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772252"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H8Cl2N4.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Guanabenz_Acetate"}]}}{"C150390":{"preferredName":"Guselkumab","code":"C150390","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, human, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) kappa, monoclonal antibody directed against the p19 protein subunit of interleukin-23 (IL-23), with immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, guselkumab binds to the p19 subunit of IL-23, thereby blocking the binding of IL-23 to the IL-23 receptor. This inhibits IL-23-mediated signaling and the differentiation of CD4-positive T-cells into Th1 and Th17 cells. This prevents Th1- and Th17-mediated immune responses and inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This may prevent or reduce symptoms and severity of immune-mediated inflammatory disorders. IL-23 plays a key role in the regulation of inflammation and the immune system, and modulates the release of various pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. It is upregulated in various immune-mediated inflammatory disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNTO 1959","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GUSELKUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Guselkumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Guselkumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tremfya","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3852217"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"089658A12D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792847"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792847"}]}}{"C1598":{"preferredName":"Gusperimus Trihydrochloride","code":"C1598","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of the antitumor antibiotic spergualin with immunosuppressant activity. Gusperimus inhibits the interleukin-2-stimulated maturation of T cells to the S and G2/M phases and the polarization of the T cells into IFN-gamma-secreting Th1 effector T cells, resulting in the inhibition of growth of activated naive CD4 T cells; this agent may suppress growth of certain T-cell leukemia cell lines. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+-)-15-Deoxyspergualin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-Amino-19-guanidino-11-hydroxy-4,9,12-triazanonadecane-10,13-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"15-Deoxyspergualin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"15-Deoxyspergualin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-[(Aminoiminomethyl)amino]-N-[2-[[4-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]butyl]amnio]-1-hydroxy-2-oxoethyl]heptanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-181173","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMY-42215-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DSG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxyspergualin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Deoxyspergualin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxyspergualin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GUSPERIMUS TRIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gusperimus Trihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[[[4-[(3-Aminopropyl)amino]-butyl]carbamoyl]hydroxymethyl]-7-guanidinoheptanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKT-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spanidin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"356894"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0284559"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"84937-45-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QZS4144IO0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40369"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40369"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H37N7O3.3HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gusperimus"}]}}{"C1532":{"preferredName":"Gutolactone","code":"C1532","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Simaba guianensis with potential antineoplastic and antimalarial activities. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gutolactone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0250977"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"152369-48-7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gutolactone"}]}}{"C2024":{"preferredName":"H-ras Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide ISIS 2503","code":"C2024","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide. Functioning as an anti-sense agent, it hybridizes to the translation initiation region of the human mRNA for the oncogene H-Ras. ISIS 2503 selectively inhibits the expression of H-Ras, and may inhibit the growth of some Ras-dependent tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H-RAS Antisense","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H-ras Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide ISIS 2503","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS 2503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS 2503","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ISIS-2503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISIS-2503","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ISIS2503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"718878"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879385"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I444I66XWH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37795"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37795"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ISIS_2503"}]}}{"C114284":{"preferredName":"H1299 Tumor Cell Lysate Vaccine","code":"C114284","definitions":[{"description":"A cell lysate derived from a lung cancer cell line, H1299, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration, the H1299 tumor cell lysate exposes the immune system to an undefined amount of tumor associated antigens (TAA), particularly cancer testis antigens (CTAs), which may result in the induction of both anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) and antibody-dependent responses against TAA-expressing cells, leading to tumor cell lysis. CTAs, such as MAGE, are selectively expressed in a variety of cancers but are not expressed in normal, healthy cells outside the testis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H1299 Lysate Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H1299 Tumor Cell Lysate Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471792"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757927"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757927"}]}}{"C148522":{"preferredName":"HAAH Lambda phage Vaccine SNS-301","code":"C148522","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based cancer vaccine composed of a neutralized bacteriophage Lambda construct that is genetically engineered to contain peptide fragments of human aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase (HAAH; ASPH) on its surface and are fused to the C-terminus of the head protein of phage lambda gpD, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. HAAH lambda phage vaccine SNS-301 also contains DNA fragments representing the phage CpG motif that activate the MHC class II pathway. Upon intradermal administration of the HAAH lambda phage vaccine SNS-301, the bacteriophage exposes the immune system to HAAH, producing a HAAH-specific antibody response, and may activate the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against HAAH-expressing tumor cells. HAAH is a transmembrane protein and highly conserved enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of aspartyl and asparaginyl residues in epidermal growth factor-like domains of substrate proteins. HAAH is normally expressed in fetal development and is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, while its expression is nearly absent in healthy, normal cells. HAAH plays a key role in cancer cell growth, cell motility and invasiveness. Its expression is associated with a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bacteriophage Cancer Vaccine SNS-301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HAAH Lambda phage Vaccine SNS-301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HAAH Lambda phage Vaccine SNS-301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HAAH-1/2/3 Lambda Phage Vaccine SNS-301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle HAAH Vaccine SNS-301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAN 301-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAN-301-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS 301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551142"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792681"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792681"}]}}{"C98280":{"preferredName":"Hafnium Oxide-containing Nanoparticles NBTXR3","code":"C98280","definitions":[{"description":"A suspension of nanoparticles containing inert inorganic hafnium oxide (HfO2) crystals with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon injection of NBTXR3 in the tumor, the hafnium oxide-containing nanoparticles accumulate into the tumor cells. Subsequent application of radiation beams to the tumor tissue causes HfO2 particles to emit huge amounts of electrons. This results in the formation of free radicals within the tumor cells, which in turn causes targeted destruction of the cancer cells. Compared to standard radiotherapy, because of the inert nature of NBTXR3, this agent emits electrons only during its exposure to radiation which improves radiotherapy efficiency.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hafnium Oxide-containing Nanoparticles NBTXR3","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hafnium Oxide-containing Nanoparticles NBTXR3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBTXR3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432399"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712103"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712103"}]}}{"C156697":{"preferredName":"Halichondrin Analogue E7130","code":"C156697","definitions":[{"description":"A halichondrin analogue derived from a marine sponge with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, halichondrin analogue E7130 may bind to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibit the polymerization of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules, thereby inhibiting mitotic spindle assembly and inducing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E 7130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E-7130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halichondrin Analogue E7130","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935716"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795713"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795713"}]}}{"C1376":{"preferredName":"Halichondrin B","code":"C1376","definitions":[{"description":"A complex macrolide polyether from marine sponge genera, such as Halichondria, Axinella, Phakellia, and Lissodendoryx that binds to tubulin, thereby inhibiting mitosis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HALICHONDRIN B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Halichondrin B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halichondrin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"609395"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0120715"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"103614-76-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"269R6PFM59"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Halichondrin_B"}]}}{"C1120":{"preferredName":"Halofuginone","code":"C1120","definitions":[{"description":"An orally-active quinazolinone alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Halofuginone interferes with the signaling pathway of transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) and inhibits expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2, thereby inhibiting collagen type I synthesis and inducing extracellular matrix degradation, resulting in inhibition of angiogenesis, tumor growth, or metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HALOFUGINONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Halofuginone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halofuginone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"trans-(+/-)-7-Bromo-6-chloro-3-[3-(3-hydroxy-2-piperidinyl)-2-oxopropyl]-4(3H)-quinazolinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0062095"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"55837-20-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L31MM1385E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H17BrClN3O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Halofuginone"}]}}{"C2656":{"preferredName":"Halofuginone Hydrobromide","code":"C2656","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied for its ability to slow the growth of connective tissue and to prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of quinazolinone alkaloid and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrobromide salt of halofuginone, a semisynthetic quinazolinone alkaloid anticoccidial derived from the plant Dichroa febrifuga, with antifibrotic and potential antineoplastic activities. Halofuginone specifically inhibits collagen type I gene expression and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) gene expression, which may result in the suppression of angiogenesis, tumor stromal cell development, and tumor cell growth. These effects appear to be due to halofuginone-mediated inhibition of the collagen type I and MMP-2 promoters. Collagen type I and MMP-2 play important roles in fibro-proliferative diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HALOFUGINONE HYDROBROMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Halofuginone Hydrobromide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Halofuginone Hydrobromide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Halofuginone Hydrobromide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halofuginone IV (intravenous)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halofuginone hydrobromide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"RU 19110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tempostatin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"halofuginone hydrobromide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"713205"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0521922"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"64924-67-0"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"17395-31-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Scleroderma and Antiprotozoal; Coccidiosis (Vet)."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PTC2969MV1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38485"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38485"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H17BrClN3O3.BrH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Halofuginone_Hydrobromide"}]}}{"C121570":{"preferredName":"HCV DNA Vaccine INO-8000","code":"C121570","definitions":[{"description":"A multi-antigen DNA vaccine consisting of plasmids encoding the hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural proteins 3 (NS3), 4A (NS4A), 4B (NS4B) and 5A (NS5A), with potential immunomodulating and cancer preventive activities. Administered via intramuscular injection followed by electroporation, cells transfected with the HCV DNA vaccine INO-8000 express the encoded HCV proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HCV-infected liver cells expressing the NS3, NS4A, NS4B or NS5A proteins. This results in the eradication of HCV-infected cells. HCV, a small, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family, is associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HCV DNA Vaccine INO-8000","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HCV DNA Vaccine INO-8000","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-8000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053630"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771488"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771488"}]}}{"C160706":{"preferredName":"HDAC Class I/IIb Inhibitor HG146","code":"C160706","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) classes I and IIb with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, HDAC I/IIb inhibitor HG146 selectively inhibits the catalytic activity of class I and IIb HDACs, which results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, which inhibits tumor cell division and induces tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins. Class I HDACs are located in the nucleus and include HDACs 1, 2, 3, and 8; class IIb HDACs include HDAC 6 and 10 and are located in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Class I/IIb HDACi HG146","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Class I/IIb Inhibitor HG146","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC I/IIb Selective Inhibitor HG146","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HG 146","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HG-146","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HG0146","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HG146","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HG280146","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HG280146-P1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969804"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797880"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797880"}]}}{"C116850":{"preferredName":"HDAC Inhibitor AR-42","code":"C116850","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available phenylbutyrate-derived histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR-42 inhibits the catalytic activity of HDAC, which results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, which inhibits tumor cell division and induces tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-N-hydroxy-4-(3-methyl-2-phenylbutanamido)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AR-42","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor AR-42","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor AR-42","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC-42","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSU-HDAC42","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2001522"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"935881-37-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673209"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673209"}]}}{"C94225":{"preferredName":"Ivaltinostat","code":"C94225","definitions":[{"description":"A histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Ivaltinosta tinhibits the catalytic activity of HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. In particular, this agent enhances the histone acetylation of the tumor suppressor gene p53. This results in an accumulation of p53, p53-dependent transactivation and apoptosis in tumor cells. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-N(1)-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-N(8)-hydroxy-2-((naphthalene-1-loxy)methyl)oct-2-enediamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CG200745","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC inhibitor CG200745","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IVALTINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ivaltinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3492625"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"936221-33-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4I8MLM7L2H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688308"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688308"}]}}{"C82690":{"preferredName":"HDAC Inhibitor CHR-2845","code":"C82690","definitions":[{"description":"A hydroxamic acid-derived histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. CHR-2845 inhibits HDAC leading to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, which may result in chromatin remodeling, inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, inhibition of tumor cell division, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins; this agent may specifically target HDACs in cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor CHR-2845","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Wed Feb 26 15:59:47 EST 2020 - See 'Tefinostat(C152539)'"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830214"}]}}{"C148157":{"preferredName":"HDAC Inhibitor CKD-581","code":"C148157","definitions":[{"description":"A highly water-soluble, pan histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, HDAC inhibitor CKD-581 targets and inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling, and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, which results in the inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor cell types, are a family of metalloenzymes responsible for the deacetylation of chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CKD 581","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CKD-581","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CKD581","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor CKD-581","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550791"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792522"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792522"}]}}{"C112177":{"preferredName":"HDAC Inhibitor CXD101","code":"C112177","definitions":[{"description":"A novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact therapeutic mechanism of action for CXD101 is not known, oral administration of this agent should inhibit the catalytic activity of HDAC, which results in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. HDAC, a family of enzymes upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin-associated histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 9468","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD9468","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CXD-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CXD101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor CXD101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor CXD101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454389"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5TNV87ICD2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754547"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754547"}]}}{"C120312":{"preferredName":"HDAC Inhibitor MPT0E028","code":"C120312","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable N-hydroxyacrylamide-derived inhibitor of both human pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes and the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, HDAC inhibitor MPT0E028 selectively binds to and inhibits HDACs, which inhibits deacetylation of histone proteins and leads to the accumulation of highly acetylated histones. This may result in both an induction of chromatin remodeling, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes. This prevents cell division and induces both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, which may inhibit the proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. In addition, MPT0E028 inhibits the phosphorylation and activation of Akt, which prevents the activation of downstream signaling pathways, independent of its HDAC inhibitory activity. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor cell types, are a family of enzymes that deacetylate histone proteins. Akt, overexpressed in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-N-hydroxy-3-(1-(phenylsulfonyl)indolin-5-yl)acrylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-(1-Benzenesulfonyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-5-yl)-N-hydroxy-acrylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor MPT0E028","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPT 0E028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPT-0E028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPT0E028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3661262"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1338320-94-7"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768773"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768773"}]}}{"C121665":{"preferredName":"HDAC Inhibitor OBP-801","code":"C121665","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, OBP-801 inhibits the activity of HDACs; this results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This may inhibit proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. HDAC, which is upregulated in many tumor cell types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor OBP-801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor OBP-801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor OBP-801","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBP-801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM753","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3661318"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771191"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"771191"}]}}{"C78850":{"preferredName":"HDAC/EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor CUDC-101","code":"C78850","definitions":[{"description":"A multi-targeted, small-molecule inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR/ErbB1), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 tyrosine kinase (HER2/neu or ErbB2) with potential antineoplastic activity. HDAC/EGFR/HER2 inhibitor CUDC-101 inhibits the activity of these three enzymes but the exact mechanism of action is presently unknown. This agent may help overcome resistance to inhibition of EGFR and Her2 through a simultaneous, synergistic inhibition of EGFR, Her2, and HDAC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CUDC-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC/EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor CUDC-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HDAC/EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor CUDC-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703140"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612729"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612729"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HDAC_EGFR_HER2_Inhibitor_CUDC-101"}]}}{"C135629":{"preferredName":"HDAC6 Inhibitor KA2507","code":"C135629","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) type 6 (HDAC6; HDAC-6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, KA2507 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of HDAC6. This results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. Specifically, inhibition of HDAC6 prevents STAT3 activity, which leads to a reduction in programmed death-1 (PD-1) expression. Eventually, this results in a selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and an induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress HDAC6. HDAC6, which is upregulated in many tumor cell types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDAC6 Inhibitor KA2507","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HDAC6 Inhibitor KA2507","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC6i KA2507","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KA2507","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522984"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788956"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788956"}]}}{"C159496":{"preferredName":"HDAC8 Inhibitor NBM-BMX","code":"C159496","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) type 8 (HDAC8; HDAC-8), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, NBM-BMX targets and inhibits the activity of HDAC8. This results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, chromatin remodeling, and selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, ultimately promoting cell-cycle arrest and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC8, a class 1 histone deacetylase, plays a key role in transcriptional regulation and cell cycle progression. Aberrant expression of HDAC8 or deregulated interactions with transcription factors may contribute to tumorigenesis. Isotype-selective HDAC inhibitors may be associated with fewer adverse effects compared to pan-HDAC inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDAC8 Inhibitor NBM-BMX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC8i NBM-BMX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBM BMX","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBM-BMX","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBMBMX","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951454"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797563"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797563"}]}}{"C116325":{"preferredName":"Siremadlin","code":"C116325","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable human double minute 2 homolog (HDM2) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Siremadlin inhibits the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited, which may result in the restoration of both p53 signaling and p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2, a zinc finger protein and negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is often overexpressed in cancer cells and has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDM201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVP-HDM 201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIREMADLIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Siremadlin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Siremadlin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473659"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1448867-41-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0282IF4JC8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761551"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761551"}]}}{"C116867":{"preferredName":"HDM2 Inhibitor MK-8242","code":"C116867","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human homolog of double minute 2 (HDM2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HDM2 inhibitor MK-8242 inhibits the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the degradation of p53 is inhibited, which may result in the restoration of p53 signaling. This induces p53-mediated tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2 is a member of the RING finger-type family of E3 ubiquitin protein ligases and targets p53 for degradation; it is often overexpressed in cancer cells and has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDM2 Inhibitor MK-8242","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HDM2 Inhibitor MK-8242","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8242","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 900242","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433891"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714504"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714504"}]}}{"C60772":{"preferredName":"Hedgehog Inhibitor IPI-609","code":"C60772","definitions":[{"description":"A novel proprietary small molecule, and a selective inhibitor of sonic hedgehog signaling pathway, with potential anti-tumor activity. The hedgehog signaling pathway is normally active during neuronal development in embryos and quiescent in adult cells. However, aberrant activation of the hedgehog pathway in adults has been implicated in many cancers, including cancers of the pancreas, prostate, lung (small cell), and brain (glioma). IPI-609 exerts its effect through inhibiting the hedgehog signaling pathway and thereby alters gene expressions of the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hedgehog Inhibitor IPI-609","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI 269609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI 609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-269609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-269609","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IPI-609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI269609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881124"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0E0K1H745W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"IPI-609"}]}}{"C1377":{"preferredName":"Hematoporphyrin Derivative","code":"C1377","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used in photodynamic therapy that is absorbed by tumor cells. When exposed to light, it becomes active and kills the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A complex mixture of monomeric and aggregated porphyrins with photosensitizing activity. Upon systemic administration, hematoporphyrin derivatives accumulate in tumor cells and, once activated by red laser light (630 nm), in the presence of oxygen, produce singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen radicals, resulting in local radical-mediated tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematoporphyrin Derivative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematoporphyrin derivative","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Photofrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hematoporphyrin derivative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"photofrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"265328"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0121300"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"68335-15-9"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40859"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40859"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hematoporphyrin_Derivative"}]}}{"C49083":{"preferredName":"Hemiasterlin Analog E7974","code":"C49083","definitions":[{"description":"An analog of the sponge-derived anti-microtubule tripeptide hemiasterlin with antimitotic and potential antineoplastic activities. Hemiasterlin analog E7974 binds to the Vinca domain on tubulin, resulting in inhibition of tubulin polymerization and microtubule assembly; depolymerization of existing microtubules; inhibition of mitosis; and inhibition of cellular proliferation. This agent may have more affinity for the beta-3 tubulin isotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E7974","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemiasterlin Analog E7974","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708344"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"447049"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"447049"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hemiasterlin_Analog_7974"}]}}{"C97949":{"preferredName":"Henatinib Maleate","code":"C97949","definitions":[{"description":"The maleate salt form of henatinib, an orally bioavalable, multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antitumor and antiangiogenic activities. Henatinib inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), a tyrosine kinase receptor upregulated in many tumor cells that plays a key role in angiogenesis. This may result in an inhibition of angiogenesis and eventually tumor cell proliferation. Henatinib, structurally similar to sunitinib, also inhibits, though to a lesser extent, mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (c-Kit) and, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) alpha and beta.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R,Z)-2-[(5-Fluoro-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-ylidene) methyl]-5-(2-hydroxy-3-morpholinopropyl)-3-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c] azepin-4-ketone Maleate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Henatinib Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2935073"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709376"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709376"}]}}{"C102749":{"preferredName":"Heparan Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan Mimetic M402","code":"C102749","definitions":[{"description":"A low molecular weight heparin derivative and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) mimetic with no or minimal anticoagulant activity and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, M402 mimics HSPGs by binding to and inhibiting various heparin-binding growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines such as VEGF, HGF, FGF2, SDF-1a, heparanase and P-selectin all of which are essential for tumor angiogenesis and metastasis to occur. This inhibits heparin binding growth factor-mediated signaling and disrupts tumor-stromal interactions eventually leading to an inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor cell progression. In addition, M402 may enhance the cytotoxic effect of other chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HSGAG Mimetic M402","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heparan Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan Mimetic M402","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Heparan Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan Mimetic M402","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M402","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437006"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735811"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735811"}]}}{"C104412":{"preferredName":"Roneparstat","code":"C104412","definitions":[{"description":"An N-acetylated, glycol-split form of heparin that is devoid of anticoagulant activity and is an inhibitor of heparanase with antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, roneparstat inhibits the activity of heparanase. This prevents the heparanase-mediated cleavage of heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans on cell surfaces and within the extracellular matrix. In addition, this agent prevents the heparanase-induced production of a number of angiogenic growth factors, including matrix metalloproteinase-9, hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor. Altogether, this leads to an inhibition of both tumor cell growth and angiogenesis. Heparanase, an enzyme that is responsible for the proteolytic cleavage of proteoglycans, is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and promotes tumor cell growth; it plays a key role in tumor cell invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"100NA,RO-H","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RONEPARSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Roneparstat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SST0001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3177718"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1407492-04-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1J0593208B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745171"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745171"}]}}{"C128283":{"preferredName":"HER-2-positive B-cell Peptide Antigen P467-DT-CRM197/Montanide Vaccine IMU-131","code":"C128283","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a fusion peptide, composed of three peptides derived from the extracellular domain (ECD) of the HER2 peptide antigen found on B-cells (P4, P6 and P7; P467), conjugated to the carrier protein DT-CRM197, a non-toxic, mutated form of diphtheria toxin (DT), and combined with the immunoadjuvant montanide ISA 51, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IMU-131 vaccine induces the production of polyclonal antibodies against the HER2 protein. In turn, the antibodies bind to three separate binding sites on HER2 expressed on tumor cells and inhibit HER2 dimerization and activity, which leads to the inhibition of HER2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This induces apoptosis in and reduces cellular proliferation of HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, IMU-131 induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the HER2-expressing tumor cells. The tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HER2, also called Neu or ErbB2, is a tyrosine kinase receptor for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and is often overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types. Montanide ISA 51, also known as incomplete Freund's adjuvant or IFA, is a stabilized water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion adjuvant containing mineral oil with mannide oleate added as a surfactant that non-specifically stimulates cell-mediated immune responses to antigens. DT-CRM197 is used to increase the immunogenicity of the HER2/neu peptide antigen. In P467, the three B-cell epitopes were combined in a specific order into a single 49 amino acid peptide antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HER-2-positive B-cell Peptide Antigen P467-DT-CRM197/Montanide Vaccine IMU-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER-Vaxx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER-Vaxx Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMU-131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMU-131 HER2/Neu Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMU-131 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P467-CRM197/Montanide Vaccine IMU-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507937"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782063"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782063"}]}}{"C99903":{"preferredName":"HER2 ECD+TM Virus-like Replicon Particles Vaccine AVX901","code":"C99903","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine based on virus-like replicon particles (VRP) packaged with an alphaviral vector encoding the extracellular domain (ECD) and transmembrane (TM) regions of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2, NEU or HER2), with potential antineoplastic activity. After immunization with HER2 ECD+TM virus-like replicon particles vaccine AVX901, the VRPs infect cells and express HER2 ECD+TM protein that may activate the immune system to elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HER2-expressing tumor cells. The alphaviral replicon of this vaccine is an attenuated strain of the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) in which 3 of the 7 viral genes were substituted with a truncated HER2 gene to create a self-amplifying replicon RNA. HER2, a tyrosine kinase involved in several cell growth signaling pathways, is dysregulated or overexpressed in a wide variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVX 901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVX-901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVX901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alphavirus-like Replicon Particles-containing Self Amplifying Replicon RNA for HER2 AVX901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 ECD+TM Virus-like Replicon Particles Vaccine AVX901","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HER2 ECD+TM Virus-like Replicon Particles Vaccine AVX901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 ECDTM VRP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VRP-HER2 AVX901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VRP-HER2 ECDTM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433604"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"725234"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"725234"}]}}{"C26648":{"preferredName":"HER2 Inhibitor CP-724,714","code":"C26648","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable quinazoline with potential antineoplastic activity. CP-724,714 selectively binds to the intracellular domain of HER2, reversibly inhibiting its tyrosine kinase activity and resulting in suppression of tumor cell growth. HER2, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, is overexpressed in many adenocarcinomas, particularly breast cancers. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CP 724714","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-724,714","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-724,714","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CP-724-714","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-724714","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CP724714","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 Inhibitor CP-724,714","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327906"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I05QZ0S4V3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"285619"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"285619"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CP-724_714"}]}}{"C146810":{"preferredName":"HER2 Inhibitor TAS0728","code":"C146810","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available covalent inhibitor of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HER2 inhibitor TAS0728 specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of HER2. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in HER2- and HER3 (ErbB3)-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated or overexpressed in many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. HER3 has no active kinase domain but is activated through heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family, such as HER2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HER2 Inhibitor TAS0728","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HER2 Inhibitor TAS0728","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS 0728","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-0728","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS0728","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPC-107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544751"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792168"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792168"}]}}{"C148491":{"preferredName":"HER2-targeted DARPin MP0274","code":"C148491","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPin)-based agent targeting the tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Compared to antibodies, DARPins are small in size, have favorable pharmacokinetics and allow for both high affinity binding and efficacy. Upon administration, the HER2-targeted DARPin MP0274 binds to two distinct non-overlapping epitopes on HER2, thereby inhibiting the activity of HER2 and promoting HER2 internalization. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling, induces apoptosis and inhibits the growth of HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. DARPin also binds to human serum albumin, which extends the half-life of MP0274. HER2 is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types and is associated with increased tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DARPin MP0274","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER-2-targeting DARPin MP0274","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2-targeted DARPin MP0274","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2-targeting DARPin Drug MP0274","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP 0274","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP0274","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551054"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792625"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792625"}]}}{"C96038":{"preferredName":"HER2-targeted Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride MM-302","code":"C96038","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-targeted lipidic nano-carrier containing the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin encapsulated within liposomes, and conjugated to a monoclonal antibody against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration of HER2-targeted liposomal doxorubicin hydrochloride MM-302, the immunoliposome allows for specific delivery of doxorubicin to tumors overexpressing the HER2 receptor. Once inside the HER2-expressing tumor cells, doxorubicin intercalates into DNA and interferes with topoisomerase II activity, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis. Compared to doxorubicin alone or liposomal doxorubicin, targeted liposomal delivery of doxorubicin improves efficacy while lowering the toxicity profile. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HER2-targeted Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride MM-302","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HER2-targeted Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride MM-302","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-302","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428372"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696572"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696572"}]}}{"C118953":{"preferredName":"HER2-targeting Antibody Fc Fragment FS102","code":"C118953","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, antibody fragment composed of a constant (Fc) region that is engineered to bind to the tumor-associated antigen human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), with potential antineoplastic activity. HER2-targeted antibody Fc fragment FS102 specifically binds to its HER2 epitope, and causes downregulation of HER2-mediated signaling. This leads to tumor cell apoptosis. HER2, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) superfamily, is overexpressed on the cell surface of various solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 FCAB FS102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986186","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FS-102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"FS102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fcab FS102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2-targeting Antibody Fc Fragment FS102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HER2-targeting Antibody Fc Fragment FS102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896857"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z27ZI1MZY9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766415"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766415"}]}}{"C2661":{"preferredName":"Herba Scutellaria Barbata","code":"C2661","definitions":[{"description":"An herb that belongs to a group of herbs named the Scutellaria species or scullcap. Both the root and the above-ground part have been used to make herbal medicines. The root has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat lung cancer and other medical problems.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A Chinese herb isolated from the plant Scutellaria barbata D. Don (Lamiaceae) with potential antineoplastic activity. Containing the antioxidant flavone scutellarin, herba Scutellaria barbata has been shown to induce apoptosis of ovarian and breast tumor cells in vitro.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ban Zhi Lian","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Barbed Skullcap Herb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herba Scutellaria Barbata","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herba Scutellariae Barbatae","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCUTELLARIA BARBATA WHOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Scutellaria barbata","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Scutellaria barbata (Aqueous Extract)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"herba scutellaria barbatae","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134548"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DPR4R122E7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467184"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467184"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Herba_Scutellariae_Barbatae"}]}}{"C1124":{"preferredName":"Herbimycin","code":"C1124","definitions":[{"description":"A benzoquinone antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Herbimycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). HSP90 maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins; the inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins that may be over-expressed or overactive in tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-Demethoxy-15-methoxy-11-O-methylgeldanamycin, (15R)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HERBIMYCIN A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Herbimycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herbimycin A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Herbimycin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"305978"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0062565"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"70563-58-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"815WDV2HST"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Herbimycin"}]}}{"C122401":{"preferredName":"Heterodimeric Interleukin-15","code":"C122401","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein complex composed of heterodimeric IL-15 (hetIL-15), which consists of a synthetic form of the endogenous cytokine interleukin-15 chain (IL-15) complexed to the soluble IL-15 binding protein IL-15 receptor alpha chain (IL-15Ra) (IL15:sIL-15Ra), with potential immunomodulatory, anti-infective and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, hetIL-15 binds to the IL-2/IL-15 receptor beta-common gamma chain (IL-2Rbeta-gamma) receptor on natural killer (NK) and T-lymphocytes, which activates and increases the levels of NK cells and CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells. The T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. Altogether, this enhances tumor cell killing and decreases tumor cell proliferation. By coupling IL-15 to IL15Ra, this agent has an improved pharmacokinetic profile, shows an increased ability to bind IL-2Rbeta-gamma, and shows increased immunostimulatory activity as compared to IL-15 alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heterodimeric Interleukin-15","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-15/sIL-15Ra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hetIL-15","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053488"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772563"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772563"}]}}{"C1125":{"preferredName":"Hexamethylene Bisacetamide","code":"C1125","definitions":[{"description":"A hybrid polar-planar compound with potential antineoplastic activity that induces terminal differentiation, inhibits cell growth, and causes apoptosis in several tumor cell lines. Its precise mechanism of action is unknown. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acetamide, N,N'-1, 6-hexanediylbis-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetamide, N,N'-hexamethylenebis-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEXAMETHYLENE BISACETAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"HMBA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMBA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hexamethylene Bisacetamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Hexamethylene Bisacetamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexamethylene bisacetamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hexamethylenebisacetamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexamethylenediacetamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N, N'-Diacetylhexamethylenediamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N'-1,6-Hexanediylbisacetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N'-Hexamethylenebisacetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"95580"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0062641"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3073-59-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LA133J59VU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39990"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39990"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hexamethylene_Bisacetamide"}]}}{"C26654":{"preferredName":"Hexaminolevulinate","code":"C26654","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is used to find and kill tumor cells. It enters tumor cells and becomes activated when exposed to a special type of light. A chemical reaction causes the cells to produce fluorescent light and die.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hexyl ester of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) with photodynamic properties. As a precursor of photoactive porphorins, hexyl 5-aminolevulinate induces the endogenous production of the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) which accumulates selectively in tumor tissue. When exposed to specific wavelengths of light, PPIX is activated and, depending on the wavelength and/or intensity of light, either fluoresces, thereby allowing tumor imaging, or induces tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HAL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEXAMINOLEVULINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hexaminolevulinate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hexaminolevulinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HexvixR","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexyl 5-Aminolevulinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hexyl 5-aminolevulinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327841"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"140898-97-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G7H20TKI67"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269130"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269130"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H21NO3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hexyl_5-Aminolevulinate"}]}}{"C29092":{"preferredName":"Hexylresorcinol","code":"C29092","definitions":[{"description":"A substituted phenol with bactericidal, antihelminthic and potential antineoplastic activities. Hexylresorcinol is used as an antiseptic in mouthwashes and skin wound cleansers. Hexylresorcinol may also inhibit oxidative DNA damage by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, which facilitate scavenging reactive oxygen molecules by glutathione (GSH).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Hexylresorcinol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEXYLRESORCINOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hexylresorcinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"1570"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019497"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"136-77-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R9QTB5E82N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H18O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hexylresorcinol"}]}}{"C70953":{"preferredName":"HIF-1alpha Inhibitor PX-478","code":"C70953","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Although its mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, HIF1-alpha inhibitor PX-478 appears to inhibit hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) expression, which may result in decreased expression of HIF1A downstream target genes important to tumor growth and survival, a reduction in tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The inhibitory effect of this agent is independent of the tumor suppressor genes VHL and p53 and may be related to derangements in glucose uptake and metabolism due to inhibition of glucose transporter-1 (Glut-1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-4-(2-Amino-2-carboxyethyl)-N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)aniline Oxide Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HIF-1alpha Inhibitor PX-478","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HIF-1alpha Inhibitor PX-478","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1-Alpha PX-478","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Phenylalanine, 4-[Bis(2-chloroethyl)oxidoamino]-, Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Phenylalanine, 4-[Bis(2-chloroethyl)oxidoamino]-, Hydrochloride (1:2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PX-478","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PX-478","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1528551"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"685898-44-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T23U22X160"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570895"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570895"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hypoxia_Inducible_Factor_1-Alpha_PX-478"}]}}{"C119618":{"preferredName":"HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2385","code":"C119618","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active, small molecule inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HIF-2alpha inhibitor PT2385 allosterically binds to HIF-2alpha, thereby preventing HIF-2alpha heterodimerization and its subsequent binding to DNA. This results in decreased transcription and expression of HIF-2alpha downstream target genes, many of which regulate tumor cell growth and survival. Blocking HIF-2alpha reduces the proliferation of HIF-2alpha-expressing tumor cells. HIF-2alpha, a heterodimeric transcription factor overexpressed in many cancers, promotes tumorigenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2385","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2385","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT2385","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896783"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766768"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766768"}]}}{"C135627":{"preferredName":"Belzutifan","code":"C135627","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active, small molecule inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha (HIF-2a), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, belzutifan binds to and blocks the function of HIF-2alpha, thereby preventing HIF-2alpha heterodimerization and its subsequent binding to DNA. This results in decreased transcription and expression of HIF-2alpha downstream target genes, many of which regulate hypoxic signaling. This inhibits cell growth and survival of HIF-2alpha-expressing tumor cells. HIF-2alpha, the alpha subunit for the heterodimeric transcription factor HIF-2, is overexpressed in many cancers and promotes tumorigenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BELZUTIFAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Belzutifan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Belzutifan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2977","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 6482","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-6482","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK6482","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT2977","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522982"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1672668-24-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7K28NB895L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788947"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788947"}]}}{"C113334":{"preferredName":"Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase EZH2 Inhibitor GSK2816126","code":"C113334","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule selective and S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) competitive inhibitor of histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 inhibitor GSK2816126 inhibits the activity of EZH2 and specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased tumor cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress this enzyme. EZH2, which belongs to the class of histone methyltransferases (HMTs), is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EZH2 Inhibitor GSK2816126","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2816126","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase EZH2 Inhibitor GSK2816126","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase EZH2 Inhibitor GSK2816126","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458162"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756211"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756211"}]}}{"C77424":{"preferredName":"Histrelin Acetate","code":"C77424","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt form of histrelin, a long-acting, synthetic nonapeptide analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) with potential anti-tumor activity. Upon administration, histrelin binds to and activates GnRH receptors; prolonged administration results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, leading to a significant decline in testosterone production in males and may inhibit androgen receptor-positive tumor progression; in females, prolonged administration results in decreased estradiol production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HISTRELIN ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Histrelin Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supprelin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vantas","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0724597"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"76712-82-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QMG7HLD1ZE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732255"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732255"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C66H86N18O12.C2H4O2.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Histrelin_Acetate"}]}}{"C111689":{"preferredName":"HLA-A*0201 Restricted TERT(572Y)/TERT(572) Peptides Vaccine Vx-001","code":"C111689","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based cancer vaccine consisting of two human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 restricted 9-mer epitopes derived from the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), TERT 572Y (YLFFYRKSV; TYR-Vx001) and TERT 572 (RLFFYRKSV; ARG-Vx001), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Subcutaneous injection of TERT(572Y) peptide followed by subcutaneous administration of the TERT(572) peptide may elicit a specific and possibly optimal cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response against hTERT-expressing tumor cells. hTERT, the catalytic subunit of human telomerase, is an human leukocyte antigen-A*0201-restricted cryptic epitope of telomerase. TERT is expressed in the majority of human cancer cells, is not expressed or is expressed at very low levels in normal cells and plays a key role in tumorigenesis. TERT572Y is the optimized variant of the native cryptic peptide TERT572 in which tyrosine has been substituted for an arginine at position 1; TERT572Y shows increased HLA-A*0201 binding affinity compared to TERT572.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HLA-A*0201 Restricted TERT(572Y)/TERT(572) Peptides Vaccine Vx-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-A*0201 Restricted Telomerase-specific Vaccine Vx-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vx-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vx001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1958472"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752897"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752897"}]}}{"C101893":{"preferredName":"HLA-A*2402-Restricted Multipeptide Vaccine S-488410","code":"C101893","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of HLA-*2402-restricted epitopic peptides derived from three cancer/testis (CT) antigens, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, HLA-A*2402-restricted multipeptide vaccine S-488410 may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these CT antigens. CT antigens, normally expressed only in germ cells of the testis, are overexpressed in a wide variety of human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HLA-A*2402-Restricted Multipeptide Vaccine S-488410","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-488410","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL436276"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733798"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733798"}]}}{"C128489":{"preferredName":"HLA-A2-restricted Melanoma-specific Peptides Vaccine GRN-1201","code":"C128489","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer peptide vaccine composed of four human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 (HLA-A*02)-restricted peptides derived from four specific and separate tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressed by melanoma cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the HLA-A2-restricted melanoma-specific peptides vaccine, the melanoma specific antigens in the vaccine activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the HLA-A2-positive melanoma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Vaccine GRN-1201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRN-1201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-A2-restricted Melanoma-specific Peptides Vaccine GRN-1201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HLA-A2-restricted Melanoma-specific Peptides Vaccine GRN-1201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peptide Cancer Vaccine GRN-1201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peptide Vaccine GRN-1201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509065"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782566"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782566"}]}}{"C153102":{"preferredName":"HM2/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate ALT-P7","code":"C153102","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of the trastuzumab biobetter HM2 conjugated, in a site-specific manner, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ALT-P7, the antibody moiety targets and binds to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the MMAE moiety is released, binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. HER2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ALT-P7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALT-P7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2ALT-P7","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM2-MMAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM2/MMAE ADC ALT-P7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM2/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate ALT-P7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554360"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793586"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793586"}]}}{"C61592":{"preferredName":"Hodgkin's Antigens-GM-CSF-Expressing Cell Vaccine","code":"C61592","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic vaccine consisting of Hodgkin lymphoma cells transfected with the granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, Hodgkin antigens-GM-CSF-expressing cell vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against Hodgkin lymphoma-associated antigens, which may result in the lysis of tumor cells expressing these antigens. In addition, transfected Hodgkin lymphoma cells secrete GM-CSF, which may potentiate the CTL response against Hodgkin lymphoma-associated antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin's Antigens-GM-CSF-Expressing Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Antigens-GM-CSF-Expressing Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KGEL Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831712"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"445421"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"445421"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hodgkin_s_Antigens-GM-CSF-Expressing_Cell_Vaccine"}]}}{"C88336":{"preferredName":"Holmium Ho 166 Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Microspheres","code":"C88336","definitions":[{"description":"Holmium Ho166 containing poly l-lactic acid (PLA) microspheres with potential antineoplastic actvity. Upon intra-arterial hepatic administration of holmium 166 microspheres, this agent is able to emit both beta particles direct killing cells and gamma photons for nuclear imaging. In addition, since holmium 166 is paramagnetic, this agent can be used for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Holmium Ho 166 Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Microspheres","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Holmium-166 PLA Microspheres","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981854"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735181"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735181"}]}}{"C15445":{"preferredName":"Hormone Therapy","code":"C15445","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer therapy, which incorporates hormonal manipulation (e.g., tamoxifen, androgen deprivation).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTEP"},{"description":"Treatment that adds, blocks, or removes hormones. For certain conditions (such as diabetes or menopause), hormones are given to adjust low hormone levels. To slow or stop the growth of certain cancers (such as prostate and breast cancer), synthetic hormones or other drugs may be given to block the body's natural hormones. Sometimes surgery is needed to remove the gland that makes a certain hormone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Various treatment modalities that produce the desired therapeutic effect by means of change of hormone/hormones level.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chemotherapy-Hormones/Steroids","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endocrine Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Hormonal Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hormonal therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Hormone Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hormone Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hormone Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hormone Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"endocrine therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hormonal therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hormone therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hormone treatment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"The treatment may include administration of hormones or hormone analogs to the patient, or decreasing the level of hormones in the body by using hormone antagonists, or hormone ablation therapy."},{"name":"DesignNote","value":"The concept covers but is not limited to: intermittent or permanent hormone suppression or ablation in treatment of hormone-dependent tumors, hormone replacement therapy of any kind, hormonal component of gender reassignment therapy, hormonal contraception, surgical and radiation castration."},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279025"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hormone_Therapy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hormone Therapy"}]}}{"C2636":{"preferredName":"HPPH","code":"C2636","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used in photodynamic therapy that is absorbed by tumor cells; when exposed to light, it becomes active and kills the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A lipophilic, second-generation, chlorin-based photosensitizer. Upon intravenous administration, HPPH selectively accumulates in the cytoplasm of cancer or pre-cancerous cells. When laser light is applied, a photodynamic reaction between HPPH and oxygen occurs, resulting in the production of cytotoxic free radicals and singlet oxygen and free radical-mediated cell death. Compared to the first-generation photosensitizer porfimer sodium, HPPH shows improved pharmacokinetic properties and causes only mild skin photosensitivity which declines rapidly within a few days after administration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(1-HEXYLOXYETHYL)-2-DEVINYLPYROPHEOPHORBIDE A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2-(1-Hexyloxyethyl)-2-Devinyl Pyropheophorbide-a","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-[1-Hexyloxyethyl]-2-devinyl Pyropheophorbide-alpha","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPPH","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HPPH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPPH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Photochlor","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0248392"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"149402-51-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DOB7Y3RSX0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38335"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38335"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HPPH"}]}}{"C117240":{"preferredName":"HPV 16 E7 Antigen-expressing Lactobacillis casei Vaccine BLS-ILB-E710c","code":"C117240","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available Lactobacillis casei (L. casei)-based vaccine expressing the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 isoform E7 protein linked to the poly-gamma-glutamate synthetase complex gene pgsA, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon oral administration, the expressed HPV 16 E7 may stimulate the immune system to mount a mucosal cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HPV 16 E7-expressing tumor cells. The poly-glutamic acid synthetase PgsA from Bacillus subtilis acts as an anchoring motif that facilitates the expression of the HPV antigen protein on the surface of the bacteria. HPV 16 E7, a cell surface glycoprotein and tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed in various viral-related cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Attenuated Live Listeria Encoding HPV 16 E7 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLS-ILB-E710c","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLS-ILS-E710c","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV 16 E7 Antigen-expressing Lactobacillis casei Vaccine BLS-ILB-E710c","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L. casei-E7 BLS_ILB_E710c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L.casei-PgsA-E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LacE7 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474114"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763356"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763356"}]}}{"C77909":{"preferredName":"Bizalimogene Ralaplasmid","code":"C77909","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA vaccine consisting of plasmids encoding the E6 and E7 genes of human papilloma virus (HPV) subtypes 16 and 18, respectively, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Administered via intramuscular electroporation, bizalimogene ralaplasmid expresses E6 and E7 proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cervical cancer cells expressing E6 and E7 proteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis. HPV type 16 and HPV type 18 are the most common HPV types involved in cervical carcinogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIZALIMOGENE RALAPLASMID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bizalimogene Ralaplasmid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bizalimogene Ralaplasmid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine VGX-3100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VGX-3100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pGX3002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703096"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1977488-08-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D8W2DVO5ZJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599041"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599041"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HPV_DNA_Plasmids_Therapeutic_Vaccine_VGX-3100"}]}}{"C102787":{"preferredName":"HPV E6/E7 DNA Vaccine GX-188E","code":"C102787","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic DNA vaccine encoding the E6/E7 fusion protein of human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes 16 and 18, plus the immune-enhancer, Fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 ligand (FLT3L), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. DNA vaccine GX-188E is administered using a proprietary delivery system that electroporates the vaccine into cervical cells. Expression of the E6/E7 fusion product may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cervical cancer cells expressing E6 and E7 oncoproteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis. FLT3L is a ligand for the FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor, which upon activation stimulates the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. HPV type 16 and 18 are the most common HPV types involved in cervical carcinogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GX-188E","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV E6/E7 DNA Vaccine GX-188E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437024"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736688"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736688"}]}}{"C131495":{"preferredName":"HPV Types 16/18 E6/E7-Adenoviral Transduced Autologous Lymphocytes/alpha-Galactosylceramide Vaccine BVAC-C","code":"C131495","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic vaccine composed of the immunoadjuvant alpha-galactosylceramide (a-GC) and autologous antigen presenting cells (APCs), specifically B-lymphocytes and monocytes transfected with an adenoviral vector that expresses the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) E6 and E7 derived from human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 (HPV-16/18 E6/E7), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of BVAC-C, the APCs stimulate the immune system to mount a TAA-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response, as well as natural killer (NK) cell, NK T-cell (NKT), helper T-cell and antibody-mediated immune responses, against the tumor cells. This directly or indirectly kills the TAA-expressing tumor cells. HPV-16/18 E6/E7 are overexpressed on certain tumor cell types and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation. a-GC, an NKT cell ligand, is used to specifically stimulate NKT cells and to further stimulate an anti-tumor immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Lymphocyte/Tumor Antigen Gene Vaccine BVAC-C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVAC-C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV Types 16/18 E6/E7-Adenoviral Transduced Autologous Lymphocytes/alpha-Galactosylceramide Vaccine BVAC-C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514359"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785876"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785876"}]}}{"C102874":{"preferredName":"HPV-16 E6 Peptides Vaccine/Candida albicans Extract","code":"C102874","definitions":[{"description":"A human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 vaccine containing four E6 peptides in combination with an extract of Candida albicans, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of HPV-16 E6 peptides vaccine/Candida albicans extract, the four HPV-16 E6 peptides and the Candida albicans may activate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cells expressing the E6 oncoprotein, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The HPV 16 transforming protein E6 is expressed in precancerous and malignant cervical lesions, and HPV may be a cause of some head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Candida albicans allergenic extract may be used as a recall antigen to stimulate the immune system against HPV.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-16 E6 Peptides Vaccine/Candida albicans Extract","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HPV-16 E6 Peptides Vaccine/Candida albicans Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV-16 E6 Peptides Vaccine/Candin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PepCan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437177"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738026"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738026"}]}}{"C123378":{"preferredName":"HPV-6-targeting Immunotherapeutic Vaccine INO-3106","code":"C123378","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA vaccine consisting of plasmids encoding the E6 and E7 genes of human papilloma virus subtype 6 (HPV-6), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Administered via intramuscular electroporation, HPV-6-targeting immunotherapeutic vaccine INO-3106 expresses the HPV-6 E6 and E7 proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that are expressing those proteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis. HPV-6 infections are associated with aerodigestive malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-6 E6/E7 DNA Vaccine INO-3106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV-6-targeting Immunotherapeutic INO-3106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV-6-targeting Immunotherapeutic Vaccine INO-3106","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HPV-6-targeting Immunotherapeutic Vaccine INO-3106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-3106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053632"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764841"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764841"}]}}{"C162459":{"preferredName":"HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted IgG1-Fc Fusion Protein CUE-101","code":"C162459","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein composed of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex, HLA-A*0201, with a peptide epitope derived from the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E7 protein (amino acid residues 11-20), a reduced affinity human interleukin-2 (IL-2) variant, and an effector attenuated human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon administration, CUE-101 targets and selectively binds to E7-specific CD8-positive T-cells present in patients with HPV16-driven malignancies. This may induce the secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as interferon gamma (IFN gamma) and promote the activation and expansion of tumor-specific CD8-positive cells, which may lead to T-cell-mediated elimination of tumor cells expressing the HPV16 E7 antigen. The HPV16 E7 oncoprotein is a cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is overexpressed in various HPV-associated cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HPV16 E7 Fusion Protein CUE-101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUE 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUE-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUE101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted IgG1-Fc Fusion Protein CUE-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted IgG1-Fc Fusion Protein CUE-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970959"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798742"}]}}{"C121648":{"preferredName":"HPV16 L2/E6/E7 Fusion Protein Vaccine TA-CIN","code":"C121648","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human papillomavirus (HPV), genetically engineered fusion protein vaccine in which the three HPV16 viral proteins L2, E6 and E7 are fused together in a single tandem fusion protein (TA-CIN; HPV16 L2\\E6\\E7), with potential immunoprotective and antineoplastic properties. Upon administration, HPV16 L2\\E6\\E7 fusion protein vaccine TA-CIN may stimulate the immune system to generate HPV16 E6\\E7-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses as well as the induction of L2-specific antibodies. In addition, this vaccine may prevent infection and the development of other HPV16-associated diseases. L2, a minor viral capsid protein, is able to induce a strong antibody response against certain HPV types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV16 L2/E6/E7 Fusion Protein Vaccine TA-CIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TA-CIN","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tissue Antigen-Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053587"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770825"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770825"}]}}{"C69139":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Antagonist KW-2478","code":"C69139","definitions":[{"description":"An agent that targets the human heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, Hsp90 antagonist KW-2478 appears to inhibit Hsp90, resulting in impaired signal transduction, inhibition of cell proliferation, and the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. HSP90 is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation of oncogenic signaling proteins, such as HER2/ERBB2, AKT, RAF1, BCR-ABL, and mutated p53, as well as many other molecules that are important in cell cycle regulation or immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hsp90 Antagonist KW-2478","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Antagonist KW-2478","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW-2478","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348995"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"548017"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"548017"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hsp90_Antagonist_KW-2478"}]}}{"C82691":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor AB-010","code":"C82691","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable nanoparticle albumin-bound inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor AB-010 selectively binds to Hsp90, inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This agent may inhibit the growth of a wide variety of cancer cell types; the incorporation of albumin into its formulation may facilitate its endothelial transcytosis through the gp60-regulated albumin transport pathway. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB-010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor AB-010","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor AB-010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388478"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633820"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633820"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hsp90_Inhibitor_AB-010"}]}}{"C62517":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB021","code":"C62517","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) with potential antineoplastic activity. HSP90, a chaperon protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins. HSP90 inhibitor BIIB021 specifically blocks active HSP90, thereby inhibiting its chaperon function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. As a result, CNF2024 has the potential to inhibit the growth of a wide range of cancer cells in both solid tumors and blood-based cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIIB-021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIIB021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIIB021","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CNF2024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Antagonist CNF2024","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB021","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB021","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831929"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"848695-25-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"851B9FQ7Q0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"497050"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"497050"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H15ClN6O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CNF2024"}]}}{"C78846":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB028","code":"C78846","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein (Hsp) 90 with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor BIIB028 blocks the binding of oncogenic client proteins to Hsp90, which may result in the proteasomal degradation of these proteins and so the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation of oncogenic signaling proteins, such as Her2/Erbb2, Akt, Raf1, Bcr-Abl, and mutated p53, in addition to other molecules involved in cell cycle regulation and immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIIB028","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB028","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB028","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387614"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612037"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612037"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hsp90_Inhibitor_BIIB02"}]}}{"C92572":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor Debio 0932","code":"C92572","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active and small molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor Debio 0932 specifically blocks Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of its client proteins, many of which are oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding, stabilization and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CUDC-305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUDC-305","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Debio 0932","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Debio-0932","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor Debio 0932","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742735"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1061318-81-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0V278OKN9G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682685"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682685"}]}}{"C116851":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor DS-2248","code":"C116851","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active and small molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Hsp90 inhibitor DS-2248 specifically blocks Hsp90, which inhibits its chaperone function and promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90, a chaperone complex protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types, regulates the folding and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS-2248","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor DS-2248","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor DS-2248","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor DS-2248","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433776"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694996"}]}}{"C82387":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor HSP990","code":"C82387","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor Hsp990 binds to and inhibits the activity of Hsp90, which may result in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, including HER2/ERBB2, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90, upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation, stability and function of oncogenic signaling proteins, such as HER2/ERBB2, AKT, RAF1, BCR-ABL, and mutated p53, as well as many other molecules that are important in cell cycle regulation and/or immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HSP990","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor HSP990","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408658"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641983"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641983"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Hsp90_Inhibitor_HSP990"}]}}{"C84836":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor MPC-3100","code":"C84836","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, synthetic, second-generation small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor MPC-3100 selectively binds to Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival; this agent may inhibit the growth and survival of a wide variety of cancer cell types. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding, stability, and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor MPC-3100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPC-3100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830123"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649142"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649142"}]}}{"C101227":{"preferredName":"Zelavespib","code":"C101227","definitions":[{"description":"A purine-based heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Zelavespib specifically inhibits active Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation in susceptible tumor cell populations. Hsp90, a molecular chaperone protein, is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9H-Purine-9-propanamine, 6-amino-8-((6-iodo-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)thio)-N-(1-methylethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor PU-H71","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PU-H-71","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PU-H71","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PUH71","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZELAVESPIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zelavespib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zelavespib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3502086"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"873436-91-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"06IVK87M04"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732547"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732547"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H21IN6O2S"}]}}{"C91068":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5422 Mesylate","code":"C91068","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. SNX-5422 mesylate blocks a protein needed for cells to grow and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of heat shock protein 90 inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The orally bioavailable mesylate salt of a synthetic prodrug targeting the human heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, Hsp90 inhibitor SNX-5422 is rapidly converted to SNX-2112, which accumulates more readily in tumors relative to normal tissues. SNX-2112 inhibits Hsp90, which may result in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, including HER2/ERBB2, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation of oncogenic signaling proteins, such as HER2/ERBB2, AKT, RAF1, BCR-ABL, and mutated p53, as well as many other molecules that are important in cell cycle regulation or immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5422 Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5422 Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNX-5422","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SNX-5422 MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SNX-5422 Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNX-5422 mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3253587"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K3BO8V06RM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590712"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590712"}]}}{"C74040":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5542 Mesylate","code":"C74040","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable mesylate salt of a synthetic prodrug targeting the human heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, Hsp90 inhibitor SNX-5542 is rapidly converted to SNX-2112, which accumulates in tumors relative to normal tissues. SNX-2112 inhibits Hsp90, which may result in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, including HER2/ERBB2, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation of oncogenic signaling proteins, such as HER2/ERBB2, AKT, RAF1, BCR-ABL, and mutated p53, as well as many other molecules that are important in cell cycle regulation or immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5542 Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNX-5542 Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383549"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hsp90_Inhibitor_SNX-5542_Mesylate"}]}}{"C79835":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor XL888","code":"C79835","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, ATP-competitive, small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor XL888 specifically binds to Hsp90, inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival; inhibition of tumor cell proliferation may result. Hsp90, a chaperone complex protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types, regulates the folding and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins, including Her-2 and Met.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor XL888","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor XL888","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor XL888","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388445"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629922"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629922"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hsp90_Inhibitor_XL888"}]}}{"C151953":{"preferredName":"HSP90-targeted SN-38 Conjugate PEN-866","code":"C151953","definitions":[{"description":"A miniature drug conjugate composed of the irinotecan metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) conjugated, through a cleavable linker, to a ligand of chaperone protein heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of HSP90-targeted SN-38 conjugate PEN-866, the HSP90 ligand moiety targets HSP90, which allows the conjugate to penetrate, accumulate and be retained in the tumor cell. Once the linker is cleaved, the SN-38 moiety is released in a sustained manner. SN-38 then binds to and inhibits topoisomerase I by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, which results in DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication and apoptosis. Compared to SN-38 alone, PEN-866 preferentially targets, accumulates and is retained in the tumor cells due to its binding to Hsp90, which results in increased concentrations of SN-38 at the tumor site. This allows sustained release of SN-38 and leads to increased and prolonged efficacy while reducing toxicity to normal, healthy tissues. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated and activated in a variety of tumor cells compared to normal healthy tissue, regulates the folding, stability and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDC SN-38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSP90-targeted SN-38 Conjugate PEN-866","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HSP90-targeted SN-38 Conjugate PEN-866","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEN 866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEN-866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEN-866","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PEN866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STA-12-8666","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STA-8666","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL601355"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"56DL1J49LR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793183"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793183"}]}}{"C134448":{"preferredName":"Pimitespib","code":"C134448","definitions":[{"description":"A specific inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) subtypes alpha and beta, with potential antineoplastic and chemo/radiosensitizing activities. Upon oral administration, pimitespib specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of Hsp90 alpha and beta; this results in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, which inhibits client protein dependent-signaling, induces apoptosis, and inhibits the proliferation of cells overexpressing HSP90alpha/beta. Hsp90, a family of molecular chaperone proteins that are upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, plays a key role in the conformational maturation, stability, and function of \"client\" proteins within the cell,; many of which are involved in signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, including kinases, cell-cycle regulators, transcription factors and hormone receptors. As TAS-116 selectively inhibits cytosolic HSP90alpha and beta only and does not inhibit HSP90 paralogs, such as endoplasmic reticulum GRP94 or mitochondrial TRAP1, this agent may have less off-target toxicity as compared to non-selective HSP90 inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Ethyl-4-(3-(1-methylethyl)-4-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-b)pyridin-1-yl)benzamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSP90alpha/beta Inhibitor TAS-116","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heat Shock Protein 90 alpha/beta Inhibitor TAS-116","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIMITESPIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pimitespib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pimitespib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4044757"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1260533-36-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PLO044MUDZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788861"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788861"}]}}{"C119616":{"preferredName":"hTERT Multipeptide/Montanide ISA-51 VG/Imiquimod Vaccine GX 301","code":"C119616","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic cancer vaccine consisting of four epitopes derived from the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic subunit of human telomerase, including hTERT (540-548) acetate, hTERT (611-626) acetate, hTERT (672-686) acetate and hTERT (766-780) acetate, emulsified individually in the adjuvant montanide ISA-51 VG and administered with the immune response modifier (IRM) imiquimod, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Each hTERT peptide emulsion is administered individually by intradermal injection. Subsequently, imiquimod is applied topically to the injection site(s). Vaccination with GX 301 may elicit a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing tumor cells. Telomerase is expressed in the majority of human cancer cells, infrequently expressed in normal cells, and is directly linked to tumorigenesis. Imiquimod stimulates cytokine production through the activation of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR-7), and also exhibits antiproliferative effects. Montanide ISA-51, also known as incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA), is a stabilized water-in-oil emulsion containing mineral oil with mannide oleate, which contains vegetable-grade (VG) oleic acid derived from olive oil. ISA-51 non-specifically stimulates cell-mediated immune responses to antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GX 301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GX301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hTERT Multipeptide/Montanide ISA-51 VG/Imiquimod Vaccine GX 301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896843"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766744"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766744"}]}}{"C80055":{"preferredName":"hTERT Vaccine V934/V935","code":"C80055","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine directed against human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic subunit of human telomerase, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, hTERT vaccine V934/V935 may elicit a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. Telomerase is involved in the restoration and maintenance of telomere length and so the functional lifespan of cells. Abnormally reactivated in tumorigenesis, telomerase is expressed in the majority of human cancer cells but is not expressed or is expressed at very low levels in normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"V934/V935","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hTERT Vaccine V934/V935","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"hTERT Vaccine V934/V935","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388391"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615723"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615723"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"hTERT_Vaccine_V934_V935"}]}}{"C119737":{"preferredName":"hTERT-encoding DNA Vaccine INVAC-1","code":"C119737","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA vaccine consisting of a plasmid encoding a modified, inactive form of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic subunit of human telomerase which synthesizes telomeric DNA at the chromosome ends, fused to ubiquitin, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal vaccination of the hTERT encoding DNA vaccine INVAC-1 in combination with electroporation, hTERT protein is expressed and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. Telomerase prolongs the functional lifespan of cells via the restoration and maintenance of telomere length. Abnormally activated in tumorigenesis, telomerase is expressed in the majority of human cancer cells, but its expression is low or non-existent in normal cells. hTERT conjugation to ubiquitin, a 76 amino-acid peptide involved in the regulation of normal protein intracellular turnover in the cytoplasm, enhances proteasome-dependent degradation of the hTERT protein, increases hTERT presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and results in an increased immune response against hTERT.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INVAC-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INVAC-1, A DOUBLE STRANDED DNA PLASMID VACCINE CONSTRUCT ENCODING UBIQUITIN-HUMAN TELOMERASE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE (HTERT) FUSION PROTEIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"hTERT-encoding DNA Vaccine INVAC-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"hTERT-encoding DNA Vaccine INVAC-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896833"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1708137-44-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S8GQZ8LF0D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766989"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766989"}]}}{"C2509":{"preferredName":"Hu14.18-IL2 Fusion Protein EMD 273063","code":"C2509","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug in which hu14.18, a monoclonal antibody, is combined with interleukin-2. The monoclonal antibody binds to the cancer cells and delivers IL-2, which stimulates the immune system to destroy the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant protein consisting of the hu14.18 monoclonal antibody fused to the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL2) with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of the hu14.18-IL2 EMD 273063 fusion protein binds to tumor cells expressing the GD2 antigen (melanoma, neuroblastoma and certain other tumors); the Fc component of the fusion protein antibody moiety and natural killer (NK) cells mediate antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (CDCC) towards GD2-expressing tumor cells. The localized IL2 moiety of the fusion protein stimulates NK and T-cell antitumor cellular immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EMD 273063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu 14.18/IL - 2 Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu14.18-IL2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu14.18-IL2 Fusion Protein EMD 273063","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hu14.18-IL2 Fusion Protein EMD 273063","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hu14.18-interleukin-2 fusion protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"721298"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1529682"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43349"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43349"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hu14_18-Interleukin-2_Fusion_Protein"}]}}{"C82415":{"preferredName":"HuaChanSu","code":"C82415","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) containing a water soluble Bufo toad skin extract that includes the cardiac glycosides bufalin, cinobufagin and resibufogenin with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action of this TCM has yet to be fully elucidated, huachansu, which may be administered in an injectable form, may induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by suppressing the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-2, while inducing the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, such as BAX.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HuaChanSu","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HuaChanSu","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2745673"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637352"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637352"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HuaChanSu"}]}}{"C125001":{"preferredName":"Huaier Extract Granule","code":"C125001","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) composed of a granule containing an aqueous extract of Trametes robiniophila murr (Huaier), a mushroom found on hardwood tree trunks, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action through which Huaier exerts its effects is largely unknown, upon administration, this agent induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibits proliferation and migration of susceptible cancer cells through the modulation of various signal transduction pathways involved in carcinogenesis and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Huaier Extract Granule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Huaier Granule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trametes robiniophila murr Extract Granule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503847"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777301"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777301"}]}}{"C2626":{"preferredName":"Huang Lian","code":"C2626","definitions":[{"description":"A Chinese herb that has been used as a treatment for a variety of medical problems. It is being studied as an anticancer drug.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A Chinese herb of a desiccated root from the plant Coptis chinensis. Although the mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, Huang Lian has antibacterial, antifungal, and antiprotozoal activities. In addition, this herb exhibits antioxidant property that influences positively on lipid metabolism, cause dilation of blood vessels, and may slow the growth of tumor cells. This herb contains rich amount of phytogens, such as berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, columbamine, geniposide, and anti-HIV compound baicalin, which might explain the broad effects of this herb. Huang Lian is commonly used to treat diarrhea or dysentery in Chinese medicine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Huang Lian","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Huang Lian","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Rhizoma Coptidis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0696725"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38268"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38268"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Huang_Lian"}]}}{"C74041":{"preferredName":"huBC1-huIL12 Fusion Protein AS1409","code":"C74041","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of the anti-tumor cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) fused to the tumor-targeting antibody BC1 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The antibody moiety of huBC1-huIL12 fusion protein AS1409 binds to the human fibronectin splice variant ED-B, delivering IL-12 directly to the tumor vasculature; tumor vasculature-targeted IL-12 initiates localized immune cascade responses and exhibits cytotoxic and anti-angiogenic activity while minimizing the systemic side effects of IL-12. The human fibronectin splice variant ED-B is over-expressed in the extracellular matrix and blood vessels of tumor tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AS1409","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huBC1-huIL12 Fusion Protein AS1409","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383540"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590612"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590612"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"huBC1-huIL12_Fusion_Protein_AS1409"}]}}{"C116788":{"preferredName":"Ianalumab","code":"C116788","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human combinatorial antibody library (HuCAL)-derived monoclonal antibody targeting the B-cell-activating factor receptor (BAFF-R), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ianalumab targets and binds to BAFF-R, which inhibits both BAFF/BAFF-R interaction and BAFF-R-mediated signaling. This may decrease cell growth in tumor cells expressing BAFF-R. BAFF-R, also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13C, is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and autoimmune diseases. In cancer cells, BAFF-R plays a key role in B-cell proliferation and survival. VAY736 was developed using HuCAL technology.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HuCAL-based Antibody VAY736","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Combinatorial Antibody Library-based Monoclonal Antibody VAY736","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IANALUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ianalumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAY 736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAY736","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473936"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1929549-92-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZN2GQ3II96"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762784"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762784"}]}}{"C66980":{"preferredName":"Human MHC Non-Restricted Cytotoxic T-Cell Line TALL-104","code":"C66980","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte cell line (TALL-104) with potential antineoplastic activity. TALL-104 is an IL-2-dependent human leukemic T cell line, expressing CD8 and T-cell receptor CD3, but not CD16. Because these cells are endowed with MHC-non-restricted killer activity, TALL-104 has destructive potential against a broad range of tumors, while sparing normal cells. Upon administration, TALL-104 targets and interacts with tumor cells and activates apoptotic and necrotic pathways, eventually leading to lysis of tumor cells. In addition, TALL-104 may induce secretion of various cytokines, such as interferon-gamma, thereby potentially enhancing the cytotoxic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human MHC Non-Restricted Cytotoxic T-Cell Line TALL-104","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human MHC Non-Restricted Cytotoxic T-Cell Line TALL-104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALL-104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832042"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531055"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531055"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Human_MHC_Non-Restricted_Cytotoxic_T-Cell_Line_TALL-104"}]}}{"C29089":{"preferredName":"Human MOAB LICO 28a32","code":"C29089","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Human MOAB LICO 28a32 binds to the colon tumor-associated antigen 28A32 (CTAA 28A32) found on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm of colon carcinoma cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human MOAB LICO 28a32","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512509"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Human_MOAB_LICO_28a32"}]}}{"C62532":{"preferredName":"Human Monoclonal Antibody 216","code":"C62532","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally-occurring human IgM monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Human monoclonal antibody 216, derived from the gene VH4-34, binds to the glycosylated epitope CDIM on the surface of both malignant and normal B cells. Upon binding to B cells, this antibody may crosslink two or more CDIM molecules, resulting in the formation of cell membrane pores, the disruption of cell membrane integrity, and B cell lysis; this mechanism of antibody-mediated cell death is direct and does not involve mechanisms of complement-mediated cytotoxicity or antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). CDIM is the glyco-moiety of a 75kD B-cell cell surface glycoprotein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Monoclonal Antibody 216","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human Monoclonal Antibody 216","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 216","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831869"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488467"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488467"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_216"}]}}{"C77858":{"preferredName":"Human Monoclonal Antibody B11-hCG Beta Fusion Protein CDX-1307","code":"C77858","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody (B11) directed against the mannose receptor and linked to the beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG beta) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The monoclonal antibody moiety of human monoclonal antibody B11-hCG beta fusion protein CDX-1307 binds to mannose receptors on antigen presenting cells (APCs), including human dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Upon internalization and processing, APCs present the processed hCG beta antigen on their cell surfaces, which may initiate an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against hCG beta-expressing tumor cells. The tumor-associated antigen (TAA) hCG beta is selectively overexpressed by a number of tumors including breast, colorectal, pancreatic, bladder and ovarian tumors; its expression may correlate with the stage of disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDX-1307","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Monoclonal Antibody B11-hCG Beta Fusion Protein CDX-1307","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human Monoclonal Antibody B11-hCG Beta Fusion Protein CDX-1307","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713084"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593942"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593942"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_B11-hCG_Beta_Fusion_Protein_CDX-1307"}]}}{"C2569":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus 16 E7 Peptide/Padre 965.10","code":"C2569","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic agent derived from human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 nuclear protein which is used to produce vaccines against HPV infection and HPV-related neoplasms. HPV E7 oncogenic protein binds the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, pRB, as well as a number of other cellular proteins, and serves as a transcriptional activator. This protein is important in the induction and maintenance of cellular transformation and is co-expressed in the majority of HPV-containing carcinomas. PADRE(R) is a proprietary family of molecules that enhances the immune systems response against an administered immunogen such as the HPV E7 nuclear protein. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV16 E7/PADRE 965.10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus 16 E7 Peptide/Padre 965.10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipidated HPV-16 E7/Padre-965.10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"679904"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338214"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42276"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42276"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Human_Papillomavirus_16_E7_Peptide-Padre_965_10"}]}}{"C550":{"preferredName":"Hycanthone","code":"C550","definitions":[{"description":"A thioxanthene derivative of lucanthone with anti-schistosomal activity and potential antineoplastic activity. Hycanthone interferes with parasite nerve function, resulting in parasite paralysis and death. This agent also intercalates into DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis in vitro. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Etrenol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Etrenol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"HYC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HYCANTHONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"HYCANTHONE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hycanthone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hycanthone Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hycanthone mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"134434"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020207"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3105-97-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2BXX5EVN2A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39477"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H24N2O2S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hycanthone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:52768"}]}}{"C551":{"preferredName":"Hydralazine Hydrochloride","code":"C551","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of hydralazine, a phthalazine derivative with antihypertensive and potential antineoplastic activities. Hydralazine alters intracellular calcium release and interferes with smooth muscle cell calcium influx, resulting in arterial vasodilatation. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of myosin protein and chelation of trace metals required for smooth muscle contraction, resulting in an increase in heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output. In addition to its cardiovascular effects, hydralazine inhibits DNA methyltransferase, which may result in inhibition of DNA methylation in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apresoline","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apresoline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Apressin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Apressin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HYDRALAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hydralazine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hydralazine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Hydralazine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"89394"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699178"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"304-20-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FD171B778Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41835"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41835"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H8N4.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hydralazine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31672"}]}}{"C1819":{"preferredName":"Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate","code":"C1819","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of hydrocortisone succinate with glucocorticoid property. Hydrocortisone sodium succinate is chemically similar to the endogenous hormone that stimulates anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities, in addition to exhibiting minor mineralocorticoid effects. This agent binds to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors and is translocated into the nucleus, where it initiates the transcription of glucocorticoid-responsive genes, such as various cytokines and lipocortins. Lipocortins inhibit phospholipase A2, thereby blocking the release of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids and preventing the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes, both potent mediators of inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(11beta)-21-(3-Carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-11,17-dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, Monosodium Salt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(11beta)-21-(3-Carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-11,17-dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, Monosodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-Hydrocort","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buccalsone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buccalsone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Corlan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Corlan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cortisol Sodium Succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortisol sodium succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cortop","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Efcortelan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emergent-EZ","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flebocortid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flebocortid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"HYDROCORTISONE SODIUM SUCCINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hidroc Clora","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hycorace","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hycorace","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydro-Adreson","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydro-adreson","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hydrocort","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrocortisone 21-Sodium Succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrocortisone Na Succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Hydrocortisone sodium succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Kinogen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nordicort","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nordicort","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Nositrol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinsurrene","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium hydrocortisone succinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Solu-Cortef","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solu-Cortef","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Solu-Glyc","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solu-Glyc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"9152"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0770560"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"125-04-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"50LQB69S1Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39861"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39861"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H33O8.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hydrocortisone_Sodium_Succinate"}]}}{"C557":{"preferredName":"Hydroxychloroquine","code":"C557","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that decreases immune responses in the body. It is used to treat some autoimmune diseases, and is being studied as a treatment for graft-versus-host disease. Hydroxychloroquine belongs to the family of drugs called antiprotozoals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 4-aminoquinoline with immunosuppressive, antiautophagy, and antimalarial activities. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, hydroxychloroquine may suppress immune function by interfering with the processing and presentation of antigens and the production of cytokines. As a lysosomotropic agent, hydroxychloroquine raises intralysosomal pH, impairing autophagic protein degradation; hydroxychloroquine-mediated accumulation of ineffective autophagosomes may result in cell death in tumor cells reliant on autophagy for survival. In addition, this agent is highly active against the erythrocytic forms of P. vivax and malariae and most strains of P. falciparum but not the gametocytes of P. falciparum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hydroxychloroquine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hydroxychloroquine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hydroxychloroquine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020336"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"118-42-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Malaria; Rheumatoid arthritis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4QWG6N8QKH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38571"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38571"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H26ClN3O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hydroxychloroquine"}]}}{"C960":{"preferredName":"Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate","code":"C960","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic progestational agent similar to the endogenous progesterone used in hormone therapy or as a female contraceptive. Mimicking the action of progesterone, hydroxyprogesterone caporate binds to and activates nuclear progesterone receptors in the reproductive system and causes the ligand-receptor complex to be translocated to the nucleus where it binds to and promotes expression of target genes. Due to the negative feedback mechanism seen with progesterone, this agent also blocks luteinizing hormone (LH) release from the pituitary gland, thereby leading to an inhibition of ovulation and an alteration in the cervical mucus and endometrium. Furthermore, without stimulation of LH, estrogen release from the ovaries is stopped, hence impeding the growth of estrogen-sensitive tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-[(1-Oxohexyl)oxy]pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"17-[(1-Oxohexyl)oxy]pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Delalutin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Delalutin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"HYDROXYPROGESTERONE CAPROATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxyprogesterone caproate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Makena","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"17592"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0044971"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"630-56-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Endometrial cancer; amenorrhea"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"276F2O42F5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39803"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39803"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H40O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hydroxyprogesterone_Caproate"}]}}{"C63690":{"preferredName":"Hydroxytyrosol","code":"C63690","definitions":[{"description":"A phenolic phytochemical naturally occurring in extra virgin olive oil, with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cancer preventive activities. Although the mechanisms of action through which hydroxytyrosol exerts its effects have yet to be fully determined, this agent affects the expression of various components of the inflammatory response, possibly through the modulation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) pathway. The effects include the modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as the inhibition of interleukin-1alpha (IL-1a), IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a); increased secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10; inhibition of the production of certain chemokines, such as C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10/IP-10), C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2/MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta (CCL4/MIP-1b); and inhibition of the expression of the enzymes inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS/NOS2) and prostaglandin E2 synthase (PGES), which prevent the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E (PGE2), respectively. In addition, hydroxytyrosol is able to regulate the expression of other genes involved in the regulation of tumor cell proliferation, such as extracellular signal-regulated and cyclin-dependent kinases. Also, hydroxytyrosol scavenges free radicals and prevents oxidative DNA damage. This induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in susceptible cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,4-DHPEA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethanol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1,2-benzenediol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HYDROXYTYROSOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hydroxytyrosol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hydroxytyrosol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0046981"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10597-60-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QEU0NE4O90"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758473"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758473"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H10O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_3_4-Dihydroxyphenylethanol"}]}}{"C560":{"preferredName":"Hydroxyurea","code":"C560","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A monohydroxyl-substituted urea (hydroxycarbamate) antimetabolite. Hydroxyurea selectively inhibits ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase, an enzyme required to convert ribonucleoside diphosphates into deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates, thereby preventing cells from leaving the G1/S phase of the cell cycle. This agent also exhibits radiosensitizing activity by maintaining cells in the radiation-sensitive G1 phase and interfering with DNA repair. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Droxia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HYDROXYUREA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hydrea","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hydroxycarbamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hydroxycarbamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxyurea","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hydroxyurea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Hydroxyurea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroxyurea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hydroxyurea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Litalir","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Litalir","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Onco-Carbide","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onco-carbide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oncocarbide","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxeron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQ 1089","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SQ-1089","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syrea","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR 83799","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hydroxyurea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"32065"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020402"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"127-07-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Head and Neck Cancer; Malignant Melanoma; Ovarian Carcinoma; Sickle Cell Anemia; Adjuvant in Retroviral Therapy."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X6Q56QN5QC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40685"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40685"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"CH4N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hydroxyurea"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:44423"}]}}{"C37456":{"preferredName":"Hypericin","code":"C37456","definitions":[{"description":"An anthraquinone derivative that is naturally found in the yellow flower of Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort) with antidepressant, potential antiviral, antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Hypericin appears to inhibit the neuronal uptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) and L-glutamate, which may contribute to its antidepressant effect. Hypericin may also prevent the replication of encapsulated viruses probably due to inhibition of the assembly and shedding of virus particles in infected cells. This agent also exerts potent phototoxic effects by triggering apoptotic signaling that results in formation of reactive oxygen species.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4,5,7,4',5',7'-Hexahydroxy-2,2'-dimethyl-mesonapthtodianthron","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HYPERICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hypericin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"622946"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"407313"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0063220"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"548-04-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7V2F1075HD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H16O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hypericin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:5835"}]}}{"C101523":{"preferredName":"Hypoxia-activated Prodrug TH-4000","code":"C101523","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, hypoxia-activated prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the hypoxia-activated prodrug TH-4000 is activated in the hypoxic cells within tumors into an irreversible pan-HER inhibitor via a mechanism of action not yet fully elucidated. As a result, this agent inhibits cellular proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells overexpressing HER kinases, which belong to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Healthy, normal tissues may be spared due to the hypoxia-specific activity of this agent, potentially reducing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypoxia-activated Prodrug TH-4000","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hypoxia-activated Prodrug TH-4000","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypoxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR610","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TH-4000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435780"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732241"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732241"}]}}{"C2357":{"preferredName":"I 131 Antiferritin Immunoglobulin","code":"C2357","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a rabbit antihuman ferritin IgG labeled with iodine 131 (I-131). Using anti-ferritin IgG as a carrier for I-131 may result in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells expressing ferritin. Observed in 35% to 100% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, high serum ferritin levels may be due to ferritin production by the tumor cells, or related to the associated iron overload and/or cirrhosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 131 Antiferritin Immunoglobulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131-AFI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131-antiferritin IgG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Antiferritin Immunoglobulin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"immunoglobulin, iodine I 131 antiferritin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280029"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40362"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40362"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"I_131_Antiferritin_Immunoglobulin"}]}}{"C2477":{"preferredName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody A33","code":"C2477","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) A33 labelled with Iodine 131 (I-131). MoAb A33 recognizes A33 antigen, a 43 KDa transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, highly and homogenously expressed in 95% of colorectal cancers, with only restricted expression in normal colonic mucosa. Using MoAb A33 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells expressed A33 antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody A33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody A33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0678093"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43095"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43095"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_A33"}]}}{"C26442":{"preferredName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","code":"C26442","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of the humanized monoclonal antibody CC49 labeled with iodine I 131. Iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody CC49 delivers beta and gamma radiation-emitting I 131 radionuclide specifically to tumor cells that express tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72, allowing localization of TAG-72-expressing tumor cells with radioimaging devices in diagnostic applications or resulting in specific TAG-72-expressing tumor cell radiocytotoxicity in therapeutic applications. Monoclonal antibody CC49 binds to TAG-72, a pancarcinoma antigen, with high affinity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327845"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269166"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269166"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_CC49"}]}}{"C2515":{"preferredName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody F19","code":"C2515","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) F19 labelled with Iodine 131 (I-131). MoAb F19 was raised against fibroblast activation protein (FAP), which is highly expressed by tumor stromal cells. Using MoAb F19 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells overexpressed FAP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131I-mAbF19","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody F19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody F19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796525"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43385"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43385"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_F19"}]}}{"C2103":{"preferredName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","code":"C2103","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a murine monoclonal antibody, MoAb Lym-1, labeled with iodine 131 (I-131). MoAb Lym-1 recognizes an epitope of the histocompatibility antigen HLA-DR, which is over-expressed on most B-cell lymphomas. I-131 MoAb Lym-1 delivers beta and gamma radiation emitting I-131 nuclide directly to tumor cells that express HLA-DR, thereby allowing imaging and/or treatment of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolym","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134561"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38533"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38533"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_Lym-1"}]}}{"C162535":{"preferredName":"IAP Inhibitor APG-1387","code":"C162535","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule, second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (SMAC)-mimetic targeting inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) with potential apoptosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IAP inhibitor APG-1387 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of IAPs including X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and cellular IAPs 1 (c-IAP1) and 2 (c-IAP2). This may restore and promote the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways and enhance proteasomal degradation of IAPs. Additionally, APG-1387 may work synergistically with cytotoxic drugs to overcome tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types, suppressing apoptosis by binding and inhibiting active caspases-3, -7 and -9 via their BIR (baculoviral lAP repeat) domains.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APG 1387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG-1387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG-1387","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"APG1387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IAP Antagonist APG-1387","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IAP Inhibitor APG-1387","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyrrolo(1,2-a)(1,5)diazocine-8-carboxamide, 3,3'-(1,3-phenylenebis(sulfonyl))bis(N-(diphenylmethyl)decahydro-5-(((2S)-2-(methylamino)-1-oxopropyl)amino)-6-oxo-, (5S,5'S,8S,8'S,10aR,10'ar)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-1387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMAC-mimetic APG-1387","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971113"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1570231-89-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E53VN70K2X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794301"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794301"}]}}{"C90574":{"preferredName":"Xevinapant","code":"C90574","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available mimetic of the natural second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (Smac) and inhibitor of Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs), with potential immunomodulating, apoptotic-inducing, chemo-radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration,xevinapant targets and binds to the Smac binding groove on IAPs, including the direct caspase inhibitor X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP), and the cellular IAPs 1 (c-IAP1) and 2 (c-IAP2). This inhibits the activities of these IAPs and promotes the induction of apoptosis. Additionally, as xevinapant inhibits the activity of IAPs, it may work synergistically with cytotoxic drugs and/or radiation to overcome tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. As IAPs regulate nuclear factor-kappa B (NFkB) signaling pathways, which drives the expression of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses, xevinapant may enhance anti-tumor immune responses when administered with certain immunomodulating agents, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types and suppress both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis by binding to and inhibiting active caspases via their baculoviral lAP repeat (BIR) domains. They contribute to chemo-radio-resistance of cancer cells to certain cytotoxic agents and radiation, promote tumor cell survival and are associated with poor prognosis in certain types of cancer. SMAC, a pro-apoptotic mitochondrial protein, is an endogenous inhibitor of the IAPs family of cellular proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AT-406","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D1143","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Debio 1143","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Debio-1143","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Debio1143","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IAPs Antagonist Debio 1143","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IAPs Inhibitor Debio 1143","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyrrolo(1,2-a)(1,5)diazocine-8-carboxamide, n-((1,1'-biphenyl)-2-ylmethyl)decahydro-5-(((2s)-2-(methylamino)-1-oxopropyl)amino)-3-(3-methyl-1-oxobutyl)-6-oxo-, (5s,8s,10ar)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-406","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMAC Mimetic Debio 1143","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Second Mitochondrial-derived Activator of Caspases Mimetic Debio 1143","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XEVINAPANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Xevinapant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Xevinapant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3177416"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1071992-81-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N65WC8PXDD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"667935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"667935"}]}}{"C78484":{"preferredName":"IAP Inhibitor HGS1029","code":"C78484","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a small-molecule inhibitor of IAP (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein) family proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. IAP inhibitor HGS1029 selectively inhibits the biological activity of IAP proteins, which may restore apoptotic signaling pathways; this agent may work synergistically with cytotoxic drugs to overcome tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types, suppressing apoptosis by binding and inhibiting active caspases-3, -7 and -9 via their BIR (baculoviral lAP repeat) domains.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEG40826-2HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGS1029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IAP Inhibitor HGS1029","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IAP Inhibitor HGS1029","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387473"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601033"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601033"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"IAP_Inhibitor_HGS1029"}]}}{"C1670":{"preferredName":"Ibandronate Sodium","code":"C1670","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to prevent and treat osteoporosis, and is being studied in the treatment of cancer that has spread to the bones. It belongs to the family of drugs called bisphosphonates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt form of ibandronic acid, a synthetic nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate. Ibandronic acid inhibits farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, resulting in a reduction in geranylgeranyl GTPase signaling proteins and apoptosis of osteoclasts. This agent increases bone mineral density, decreases bone remodeling, inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, and reduces metastases-related and corticosteroid-related bone pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bondronate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Boniva","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBANDRONATE SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ibandronate Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ibandronate Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Ibandronate Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ibandronate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0772244"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"138926-19-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Osteoporosis, treatment and prevention"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J12U072QL0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365963"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365963"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H22NO7P2.Na.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ibandronate"}]}}{"C129048":{"preferredName":"Iberdomide","code":"C129048","definitions":[{"description":"A modulator of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing cereblon (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with immunomodulating and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, iberdomide specifically binds to the cereblon (CRBN) part of the ligase complex, thereby affecting the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity, and targeting certain substrate proteins for ubiquitination. This induces the proteasome-mediated degradation of certain transcription factors, including Ikaros (IKZF1) and Aiolos (IKZF3) which are transcriptional repressors in T-cells. This leads to a reduction of their protein levels, and the modulation of the immune system, including activation of T-lymphocytes. In addition, this leads to a downregulation of other proteins, including interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4), which plays a key role in the proliferation of certain cancer cell types. CRBN, the substrate recognition component of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, plays a key role in the ubiquitination of certain proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-3-(4-((4-(Morpholinomethyl)benzyl)oxy)-1-oxoisoindolin-2-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 220","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-220","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBERDOMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iberdomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512126"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1323403-33-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8V66F27X44"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783168"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783168"}]}}{"C1680":{"preferredName":"Iboctadekin","code":"C1680","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18). Produced primarily by macrophages, IL-18 induces the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and enhances the activity of natural killer (NK) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). As a potential immunotherapeutic agent, iboctadekin displays antitumor effects in vitro and in animal models. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Interleukin-18 (Recombinant, Expressed in Escherichia coli)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Recombinant Interleukin-18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBOCTADEKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IFN-Gamma-Inducing Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-18","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iboctadekin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iboctadekin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon-Gamma-Inducing Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interleukin-18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB 485232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-485232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527127"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"479198-61-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X08H9UZ7TO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"386168"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"386168"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interleukin-18"}]}}{"C29981":{"preferredName":"Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","code":"C29981","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is used to treat certain types of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is being studied in the treatment and detection of other types of B-cell tumors. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Ibritumomab binds to the protein called CD20, which is found on B cells. It is linked to the compound tiuxetan. This allows certain radioisotopes to be attached before it is given to a patient. It is a type of monoclonal antibody-chelator conjugate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An immunoconjugate of the monoclonal antibody ibritumomab conjugated with the linker-chelator tiuxetan, a high affinity, conformationally restricted chelation site for radioisotopes. When bound to indium In 111 or yttrium Y 90, ibritumomab tiuxetan, targeting the CD20 antigen on B cell surfaces, specifically delivers a potentially cytotoxic dose of radiation to B lymphocytes. Ibritumomab is a murine IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, which is found on the surface of normal and malignant B lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IBRITUMOMAB TIUXETAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IDEC-129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDEC-2B8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zevalin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zevalin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ibritumomab tiuxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0877880"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"206181-63-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4Q52C550XK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43080"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43080"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H32N5O10S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ibritumomab_Tiuxetan"}]}}{"C81934":{"preferredName":"Ibrutinib","code":"C81934","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ibrutinib binds to and irreversibly inhibits BTK activity, thereby preventing both B-cell activation and B-cell-mediated signaling. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is required for B cell receptor signaling, plays a key role in B-cell maturation, and is overexpressed in a number of B-cell malignancies. The expression of BTK in tumor cells is also associated with increased proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propen-1-one, 1-((3R)-3-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1h-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-1-yl)-1-piperidinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor PCI-32765","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRA-032765","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ibrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ibrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imbruvica","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCI-32765","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830052"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"936563-96-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM); mantle cell lymphoma (MCL); chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1X70OSD4VX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638648"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638648"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H24N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BTK_Inhibitor_PCI-32765"}]}}{"C99160":{"preferredName":"Icotinib Hydrochloride","code":"C99160","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of icotinib, an orally available quinazoline-based inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Icotinib selectively inhibits the wild-type and several mutated forms of EGFR tyrosine kinase. This may lead to an inhibition of EGFR-mediated signal transduction and may inhibit cancer cell proliferation. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, has been upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1,4,7,10)Tetraoxacyclododecino(2,3-g)quinazolin-4-amine, N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-7,8,10,11,13,14-hexahydro-, Hydrochloride (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPI-2009H","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conmana","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICOTINIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Icotinib HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Icotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Icotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524350"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1204313-51-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JTD32I0J83"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717145"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717145"}]}}{"C79808":{"preferredName":"Icrucumab","code":"C79808","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR-1/FLT-1) with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Icrucumab specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of VEGFR-1, which may prevent the activation of downstream signaling pathways and so inhibit tumor angiogenesis; the subsequent reduction in tumor nutrient supply may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. Tumor cell overexpression of VEGFR-1 may be associated with tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation and invasion; VEGFR-1 may modulate VEGFR-2 signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGFR-1 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-18F1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-18F1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICRUCUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IMC-18F1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC18F1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Icrucumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Icrucumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703168"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1024603-92-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T7H0B1R64U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"625428"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"625428"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-VEGFR-1_Monoclonal_Antibody_IMC-18F1"}]}}{"C124652":{"preferredName":"ICT-121 Dendritic Cell Vaccine","code":"C124652","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with purified peptides derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD133, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, monocytes are differentiated into DCs and are mixed with the CD133 peptides. Upon intradermal re-administration of the ICT-121 DC vaccine, the DCs present the CD133 peptides to the immune system, which stimulates the immune system to induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD133-expressing tumor cells and leads to tumor cell lysis. CD133 is overexpressed on various types of cancer cells; its overexpression is correlated with increased resistance to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD133 Peptides-pulsed Autologous DC Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD133 Peptides-pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICT-121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICT-121 DC Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICT-121 Dendritic Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ICT-121 Dendritic Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4086505"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C562":{"preferredName":"Idarubicin","code":"C562","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic 4-demethoxy analogue of the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic daunorubicin. Idarubicin intercalates into DNA and interferes with the activity of topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication, RNA transcription and protein synthesis. Due to its high lipophilicity, idarubicin penetrates cell membranes more efficiently than other anthracycline antibiotic compounds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,3S)-3-Acetyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-3,5,12-trihydroxy-6,11-dioxo-1-naphthacenyl-3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-hexopyranoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(7S-cis)-9-Acetyl-7-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,9,11-trihydroxy-5,12-naphthacenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-DMDR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Demethoxydaunomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Demethoxydaunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-demethoxydaunorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IDARUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Idarubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Idarubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idarubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"idarubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020789"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58957-92-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia; acute nonlymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZRP63D75JW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39753"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39753"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H27NO9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Idarubicin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:42068"}]}}{"C1587":{"preferredName":"Idarubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C1587","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic idarubicin. Idarubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. Due to its high lipophilicity, idarubicin penetrates cell membranes more efficiently than other anthracycline antibiotic compounds","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDARUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IMI-30","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idamycin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idamycin PFS","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idarubicin HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idarubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Idarubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idarubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SC-33428","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zavedos","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"256439"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0939353"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57852-57-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"In combination therapies for acute myelogenous leukemia and pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemia."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5VV3MDU5IE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39753"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39753"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H27NO9.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Idarubicin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C90593":{"preferredName":"Idarubicin-Eluting Beads","code":"C90593","definitions":[{"description":"A sustained-release drug delivery embolization system containing small polymeric beads impregnated with the anthracycline antibiotic idarubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. The beads consist of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microspheres modified with sulfonic acid groups and loaded with idarubicin. During transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the hepatic artery, idarubicin-eluting beads embolize to the tumor vasculature, occlude tumor blood vessels and induce ischemic necrosis of tumor tissue due to mechanical blockage of the tumor vasculature. Simultaneously, idarubicin-eluting beads release cytotoxic idarubicin locally and in a sustained manner. This may result in idarubicin-mediated inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Idarubicin-Eluting Beads","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413614"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663437"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663437"}]}}{"C99131":{"preferredName":"Idasanutlin","code":"C99131","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule, antagonist of MDM2 (mouse double minute 2; Mdm2 p53 binding protein homolog), with potential antineoplastic activity. Idasanutlin binds to MDM2 blocking the interaction between the MDM2 protein and the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing the MDM2-p53 interaction, p53 is not enzymatically degraded and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This may lead to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger nuclear phosphoprotein and negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is often overexpressed in cancer cells and has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDASANUTLIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Idasanutlin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Idasanutlin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7388","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7388","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5503781","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5503781","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3851180"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QSQ883V35U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715916"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715916"}]}}{"C117729":{"preferredName":"Idecabtagene Vicleucel","code":"C117729","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTLs) that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, idecabtagene vicleucel specifically recognizes and kills BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma survival; it is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA CAR T Cells BB2121","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA-CAR-transduced T Cells BB2121","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB2121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA-specific CAR-expressing T Lymphocytes BB2121","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDECABTAGENE VICLEUCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ide-cel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idecabtagene Vicleucel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Idecabtagene Vicleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idecabtagene Vicleucel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474124"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8PX1X7UG4D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763837"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763837"}]}}{"C78825":{"preferredName":"Idelalisib","code":"C78825","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the delta isoform of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Idelalisib inhibits the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), preventing the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, motility, and survival. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in hematopoietic lineages. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Fluoro-3-phenyl-2-((S)-1-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)-propyl)-3H- quinazolin-4-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAL-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS 1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDELALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Idelalisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Idelalisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Delta Inhibitor CAL-101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zydelig","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698692"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"870281-82-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YG57I8T5M0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601486"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601486"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PI3K-delta_Inhibitor_CAL-101"}]}}{"C121457":{"preferredName":"IDH1(R132) Inhibitor IDH305","code":"C121457","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the citric acid cycle enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic (isocitrate dehydrogenase 1; IDH1) with mutations at residue R132 (IDH1(R132)), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, IDH305 specifically inhibits IDH1(R132) mutant forms in the cytoplasm, which inhibits the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). This may lead to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in IDH1(R132)-expressing tumor cells. IDH1(R132) mutations are highly expressed in certain malignancies, including gliomas; they initiate and drive cancer growth by both blocking cell differentiation and catalyzing the formation of 2HG.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDH1(R132) Inhibitor IDH305","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDH1(R132) Inhibitor IDH305","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDH305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053635"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770082"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770082"}]}}{"C117235":{"preferredName":"IDH1R132H-Specific Peptide Vaccine PEPIDH1M","code":"C117235","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine consisting of a peptide derived from isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) containing the point mutation R132H (IDH1R132H), with potential antineoplastic activity. Intradermal vaccination with the IDH1R132H-specific peptide vaccine PEPIDH1M may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that express the IDH1R132H protein. The IDH1 point mutation of amino acid residue 132 is highly expressed in gliomas and is associated with increased production of the oncometabolite R-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDH1R132H-Specific Peptide Vaccine PEPIDH1M","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDH1R132H-Specific Peptide Vaccine PEPIDH1M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEPIDH1M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEPIDH1M Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474105"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763159"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763159"}]}}{"C74042":{"preferredName":"Idiotype-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine APC8020","code":"C74042","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with tumor-derived clonal immunoglobulin (Ig) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, idiotype-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine APC8020, containing idiotype (Id) protein structures that can be recognized by antibodies and by CD41 T lymphocytes and CD81 T lymphocytes, may stimulate antitumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against Id-expressing tumor cells. The Id represents the unique antigenic determinants in the variable regions of the clonal Ig.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APC8020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idiotype-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine APC8020","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mylovenge","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383479"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"584999"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"584999"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Idiotype-Pulsed_Autologous_Dendritic_Cell_Vaccine_APC8020"}]}}{"C159498":{"preferredName":"IDO Peptide Vaccine IO102","code":"C159498","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation peptide vaccine derived from the immunomodulatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with IDO peptide vaccine IO102 may activate the immune system to induce an immune response against IDO-expressing tumor cells. This may restore the proliferation and activation of various immune cells including cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), natural killer cells (NKs), and dendritic cells (DCs), and may eradicate IDO-expressing tumor cells through a CTL-mediated response. IDO, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for tryptophan catabolism and conversion of tryptophan into kynurenine, is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types and antigen presenting cells (APCs) and plays an important role in immunosuppression mainly through suppression of CTL activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDO Peptide Vaccine IO102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDO-derived Vaccine IO102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IO 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IO-102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IO102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-derived Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951456"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797514"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797514"}]}}{"C143068":{"preferredName":"IDO-1 Inhibitor LY3381916","code":"C143068","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1 inhibitor LY3381916 specifically targets and binds to IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, LY3381916 restores and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymphocytes, and causes a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the IDO1-expressing tumor cells, thereby inhibiting the growth of IDO1-expressing tumor cells. IDO1, overexpressed by multiple tumor cell types, plays an important role in immunosuppression. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and subsequently suppresses the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDO-1 Inhibitor LY3381916","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDO-1 Inhibitor LY3381916","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor LY3381916","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3381916","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3381916","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541448"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794987"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794987"}]}}{"C151945":{"preferredName":"IDO/TDO Inhibitor HTI-1090","code":"C151945","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1) and the kynurenine-producing hepatic enzyme tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1/TDO inhibitor HTI-1090 specifically targets and binds to both IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine, and TDO, a hepatic enzyme catalyzing the first step of tryptophan degradation. By inhibiting IDO1 and TDO, HTI-1090 decreases kynurenine levels in tumor cells, restores tryptophan and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells and T-lymphocytes. This reduces the number of tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and activates the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the IDO1/TDO-expressing tumor cells, thereby inhibiting the growth of the tumor cells. IDO1 and TDO, both overexpressed by multiple tumor cell types, play important roles in immunosuppression and the promotion of tumor cell survival and proliferation. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and subsequently suppresses the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HTI 1090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HTI-1090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDO/TDO Inhibitor HTI-1090","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR9146","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553173"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793153"}]}}{"C129790":{"preferredName":"IDO1 Inhibitor KHK2455","code":"C129790","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1 inhibitor KHK2455 targets and binds to IDO1, an enzyme responsible for the oxidation of tryptophan into kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, KHK2455 increases and restores the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymphocytes. KHK2455 also induces increased interferon (IFN) production, and causes a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may inhibit the growth of IDO1-expressing tumor cells. IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for tryptophan catabolism and the conversion of tryptophan into kynurenine, is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types and antigen presenting cells (APCs); it plays an important role in immunosuppression. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and subsequently suppresses the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDO-1 Inhibitor KHK2455","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor KHK2455","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor KHK2455","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KHK 2455","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KHK2455","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512931"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784565"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784565"}]}}{"C148235":{"preferredName":"IDO1 Inhibitor MK-7162","code":"C148235","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1 inhibitor MK-7162 specifically targets and binds to IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, MK-7162 restores and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells and T-lymphocytes. This agent may also induce increased interferon (IFN) production, which may lead to a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against and inhibit the growth of the IDO1-expressing tumor cells. IDO1, an enzyme overexpressed by multiple tumor cell types, plays an important role in immunosuppression. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and suppresses the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor MK-7162","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor MK-7162","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-1 Inhibitor MK-7162","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 7162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-7162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK7162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550836"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C129375":{"preferredName":"IDO1 Inhibitor PF-06840003","code":"C129375","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available hydroxyamidine and inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1 inhibitor PF-06840003 targets and binds to IDO1, an enzyme responsible for the oxidation of tryptophan into kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, PF-06840003 increases and restores the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymphocytes; PF-06840003 also induces increased interferon (IFN) production, and causes a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may inhibit the growth of IDO1-expressing tumor cells. IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for tryptophan catabolism and the conversion of tryptophan into kynurenine, is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types and antigen presenting cells (APCs); it plays an important role in immunosuppression. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and subsequently suppresses the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDO-1 Inhibitor PF-06840003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor PF-06840003","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor PF-06840003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Inhibitor PF-06840003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06840003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06840003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512154"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783440"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783440"}]}}{"C162858":{"preferredName":"IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor DN1406131","code":"C162858","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of both the enzymes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2; TDO-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1/TDO2 inhibitor DN1406131 targets, binds to and inhibits both IDO1 and TDO2, which catalyze the first and rate-limiting step in the production of the immunosuppressive transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand kynurenine (KYN). This inhibits the IDO1/TDO2-KYN-AhR pathway. Abrogation of AhR activation prevents the activation of immune-tolerant dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This may restore the immune response against tumor cells in which IDO1 and/or TDO2 are overexpressed. The IDO1/TDO2-KYN-AhR pathway is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, plays a key role in immunosuppression and its expression is correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DN 1406131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN-1406131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN1406131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor DN1406131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1/Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase 2 Inhibitor DN1406131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973340"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798903"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798903"}]}}{"C2642":{"preferredName":"Idronoxil","code":"C2642","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called signal transduction inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic flavonoid derivative. Idronoxil activates the mitochondrial caspase system, inhibits X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), and disrupts FLICE inhibitory protein (FLIP) expression, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. This agent also inhibits DNA topoisomerase II by stabilizing the cleavable complex, thereby preventing DNA replication and resulting in tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-7-ol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-7-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDRONOXIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Idronoxil","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Idronoxil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOX66","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NV-06","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenoxodiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"phenoxodiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134444"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"81267-65-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"995FT1W541"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38371"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38371"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H12O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Phenoxodiol"}]}}{"C132257":{"preferredName":"Idronoxil Suppository NOX66","code":"C132257","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, suppository-based formulation composed of idronoxil, a synthetic flavonoid derivative, surrounded by a proprietary lipid that protects idronoxil from phase 2 degradation, with potential chemo- and radio-sensitizing activities. Upon administration, idronoxil blocks the activity of ecto-NOX disulfide-thiol exchanger 2 (ENOX2; tNOX), a tumor-specific external NADH oxidase that maintains the transmembrane electron potential across the plasma membrane and is overexpressed in certain cancer cell types while absent in normal, healthy cells. Loss of this potential directly inhibits certain pro-survival signal transduction pathways, such as the PARP1/PI3 kinase/Akt signaling pathway. The inhibition of these pathways prevents resistance to standard chemo- and radio-therapy and makes tumor cells more susceptible to the anti-tumor activity of conventional chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy. The formulation prevents detoxification of idronoxil to an inactive form by bypassing phase 2 metabolism; this increases idronoxil's bioavailability as compared to idronoxil alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Idronoxil Suppository NOX66","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOX66","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520045"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787307"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787307"}]}}{"C116629":{"preferredName":"Ifabotuzumab","code":"C116629","definitions":[{"description":"A non-fucosylated monoclonal antibody directed against the ephrin receptor A3 (EphA3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ifabotuzumab selectively binds to tumor cells expressing EphA3. This blocks both EphA3 activation and EphA3-mediated signaling, and induces apoptosis in EphA3-expressing tumor cells. In addition, ifabotuzumab can stimulate antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against EphA3-expressing tumor cells. This agent also prevents tumor cell proliferation by inhibiting both EphA3 signaling and proliferation of endothelial cells in the tumor vasculature. The cell-surface receptor EphA3, a member of the ephrin family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that are involved in mammalian development, is overexpressed by a variety of tumor types but is not expressed in normal healthy adult tissues. It plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation. Non-fucosylation of the antibody enhances its ADCC activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibatuzumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFABOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ifabotuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ifabotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KB 004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KB-004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KB004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433718"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1234137-51-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2BN89552WP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686621"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686621"}]}}{"C81570":{"preferredName":"Ifetroban","code":"C81570","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable thromboxane (TxA2) and prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) (TP) receptor antagonist, with anti-thrombotic, anti-hypertensive, anti-asthmatic and potential anti-metastatic activities. Upon administration, ifetroban targets and binds to TxA2 and PGH2 receptors, thereby preventing the activity of both TxA2 and PGH2 and disrupting their downstream signaling pathways. This prevents platelet activation, aggregation and thrombosis. It also prevents vascular constriction and causes vasodilation. In addition, as cancer cells use platelets to metastasize to different parts of the body, ifetroban can reduce the stickiness of the platelets and prevent metastasis. TxA2 causes vascular contraction and platelet activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IFETROBAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ifetroban","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ifetroban","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0287939"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"143443-90-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E833KT807K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H32N2O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ifetroban"}]}}{"C564":{"preferredName":"Ifosfamide","code":"C564","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used with other drugs to treat germ cell testicular cancer that did not respond to previous treatment with other drugs. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Ifex attaches to DNA in cells and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of alkylating agent and a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic analogue of the nitrogen mustard cyclophosphamide with antineoplastic activity. Ifosfamide alkylates and forms DNA crosslinks, thereby preventing DNA strand separation and DNA replication. This agent is a prodrug that must be activated through hydroxylation by hepatic microsomal enzymes. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-oxo-N,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl) tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin- 2-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-(2-chloroethyl)-2-[(2-chloroethyl)amino]tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-2-oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asta Z 4942","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Asta Z-4942","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyfos","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cyfos","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Holoxan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Holoxane","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFO-Cell","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IFX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ifex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ifex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Ifolem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ifomida","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ifomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ifosfamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ifosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ifosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Ifosfamidum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ifoxan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iphosphamid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Iphosphamid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iphosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Iphosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iso-Endoxan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isoendoxan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Isoendoxan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Isophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MJF 9325","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MJF-9325","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitoxana","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitoxana","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-2-amine 2-oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Naxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Naxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seromida","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tronoxal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z 4942","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Z-4942","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ifosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"109724"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020823"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3778-73-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; gastric carcinoma; lung cancer; lymphocytic leukemias; lymphoma; Hodgkins and Non-Hodgkins; ovarian cancer; pancreatic carcinoma; sarcomas; testicular cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UM20QQM95Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40024"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H15Cl2N2O2P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ifosfamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:5864"}]}}{"C104746":{"preferredName":"IGF-1R Inhibitor PL225B","code":"C104746","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. IGF-1R inhibitor PL225B selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of IGF-1R, which may result in both the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis in IGF-1R-overexpressing tumor cells. IGF-1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, plays a significant role in the stimulation of cellular proliferation, oncogenic transformation, and suppression of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IGF-1R Inhibitor PL225B","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IGF-1R Inhibitor PL225B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PL225B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445817"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746194"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746194"}]}}{"C84871":{"preferredName":"IGF-1R/IR Inhibitor KW-2450","code":"C84871","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and insulin receptor (IR) tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. IGF-1R/IR inhibitor KW-2450 selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of IGF-1R and IR, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF-R1 and IR tyrosine kinases, overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, play significant roles in the stimulation of cellular proliferation, oncogenic transformation, and suppression of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IGF-1R/IR Inhibitor KW-2450","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IGF-1R/IR Inhibitor KW-2450","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW-2450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412997"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648543"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648543"}]}}{"C113789":{"preferredName":"IGF-methotrexate Conjugate","code":"C113789","definitions":[{"description":"A conjugate containing the antimetabolite and antifolate agent methotrexate conjugated to insulin-like growth factor (IGF), with potential antineoplastic activity. After intravenous administration, the IGF moiety of the IGF-methotrexate conjugate binds to and is internalized by IGF receptors (IGFR) on the surface of tumor cells. Following cell entry, the methotrexate then binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate. This results in both the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and the induction of death in rapidly dividing cells. Binding to IGFR can localize the cytotoxic effect of methotrexate in tumor cells. This may increase its efficacy while decreasing its toxicity to normal, healthy cells. IGFR is overexpressed on many types of cancer cells and has been implicated in metastasis and resistance to apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"765IGF-MTX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGF-methotrexate Conjugate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IGF-methotrexate Conjugate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGF/MTX","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGF/MTX Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471770"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757276"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757276"}]}}{"C126840":{"preferredName":"IL-10 Immunomodulator MK-1966","code":"C126840","definitions":[{"description":"An agent that downregulates the activity of the anti-inflammatory cytokine human interleukin-10 (IL-10), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IL-10 immunomodulator MK-1966 blocks the activity of IL-10 and may abrogate the IL-10-induced immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This activates cell-mediated immunity against cancer cells, increases cytokine production, including interferon-gamma (IFN-g), decreases T regulatory cell (Treg) activity, and induces a tumor-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell-mediated immune response, which enhances tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL-10 Immunomodulator MK-1966","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IL-10 Immunomodulator MK-1966","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 1966","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-1966","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507902"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780778"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780778"}]}}{"C114294":{"preferredName":"IL-12-expressing HSV-1 NSC 733972","code":"C114294","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically engineered, replication selective, infected cell protein (ICP) 34.5 gene-deleted, oncolytic human simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) expressing the human immunostimulating cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral administration of HSV-1 expressing IL-12 NSC 733972, the IL-12-expressing HSV-1 preferentially infects and replicates in tumor cells of neuronal origin causing viral-mediated tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells. In addition, the IL-12-expressing HSV-1 promotes the secretion of IL-12 by the tumor cells. IL-12 promotes the activation of natural killer cells, which induces both the secretion of interferon-gamma and a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the tumor cells. This results in both immune-mediated tumor cell death and further inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Deletion of the gene encoding for ICP34.5 imparts tumor selectivity by preventing replication in healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL-12-expressing HSV-1 NSC 733972","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IL-12-expressing HSV-1 NSC 733972","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSC 733972","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471805"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758218"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758218"}]}}{"C114385":{"preferredName":"IL-12-expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Vaccine GX-051","code":"C114385","definitions":[{"description":"Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a modified form of the cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, IL-12-expressing MSC vaccine GX-051 secretes IL-12. IL-12 activates the immune system by both promoting the secretion of interferon-gamma, which activates natural killer cells (NKs), and inducing cytotoxic T-cell responses, which may result in both decreased cell proliferation and increased cell death in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GX-051","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-12-expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Vaccine GX-051","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSCs/IL-12M","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471821"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758797"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758797"}]}}{"C71743":{"preferredName":"IL-2 Recombinant Fusion Protein ALT-801","code":"C71743","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant protein consisting of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) fused to a humanized soluble T-cell receptor (TCR) directed against a tumor suppressor p53-derived antigen with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. The TCR moiety of IL-2 recombinant fusion protein ALT-801 binds to tumor cells displaying p53 epitope/MHC complexes; subsequently, the tumor cell-localized IL-2 moiety may stimulate natural killer (NK) cell and T cell cytotoxic immune responses against p53-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALT-801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-2 Recombinant Fusion Protein ALT-801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IL-2 Recombinant Fusion Protein ALT-801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346454"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560749"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560749"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"IL-2_Recombinant_Fusion_Protein_ALT-801"}]}}{"C146636":{"preferredName":"IL-2/9/15 Gamma Chain Receptor Inhibitor BNZ-1","code":"C146636","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated peptide antagonist that binds to the common gamma chain (gc; IL2RG; CD132) of the signaling receptor for the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-9, and IL-15, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IL-2/9/15 gc receptor inhibitor BNZ-1 specifically targets and binds to the IL binding site on the gc receptor and blocks IL-2, IL-9 and IL-15 binding, thereby inhibiting IL-2-, IL-9-, and IL-15-mediated signaling and downstream pathways. This may inhibit proliferation of tumor cells that are dependent on IL-2/9/15 signaling for their growth. IL-2/9/15 are upregulated in certain tumor cell types and play a key role in tumor progression and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BNZ-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNZ132-1-40","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-2/9/15 Gamma Chain Receptor Inhibitor BNZ-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IL-2/9/15 Gamma Chain Receptor Inhibitor BNZ-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544668"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792153"}]}}{"C79843":{"preferredName":"IL4-Pseudomonas Exotoxin Fusion Protein MDNA55","code":"C79843","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein consisting of the cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) linked to a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon specific, high-affinity binding to IL-4 receptors located on the tumor cell surface., IL4-Pseudomonas exotoxin fusion protein MDNA55 is internalized; the exotoxin moiety then binds to translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), which may result in ADP ribosylation, deactivation of EF-2, inhibition of protein synthesis, and tumor cell apoptosis. The Pseudomonas exotoxin moiety of this agent has been engineered to reduce non-specific binding to cells expressing its receptor, the multiligand cell surface receptor alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor/low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (alpha 2MR/LRP). IL-4R is a type I transmembrane protein that binds IL-4 and IL-13 and may be overexpressed by cancers such as renal cell carcinoma and glioma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL4-PE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL4-Pseudomonas Exotoxin Fusion Protein MDNA55","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDNA55","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRX-321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRX-321","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PRX321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388450"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FRY3MOL2QU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"630680"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"630680"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"IL4-Pseudomonas_Exotoxin_Fusion_Protein_PRX321"}]}}{"C99902":{"preferredName":"Ilixadencel","code":"C99902","definitions":[{"description":"An off-the-shelf immune primer consisting of allogeneic monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) that have been stimulated with a combination of activating factors to produce pro-inflammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-12, p70 (IL-12 p70), C-C motif chemokine 4 (CCL4; macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta; MIP-1-beta), C-C motif chemokine 5 (CCL5; RANTES), and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection of ilixadencel, the dendritic cells (DCs) release type 1 T-helper cell (Th1)-associated chemokines, including CCL4, CCL5 and CXCL10, that may recruit natural killer (NK)-cells and pre-DCs into the tumor microenvironment (TME). The interaction between NK cells and ilixadencel DCs may induce NK-cell-mediated killing of tumor cells, resulting in release of tumor-associated-antigens (TAAs). The production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by activated NK-cells and TNF-alpha/beta released by ilixadencel DCs will induce maturation and promote cross-presentation of TAAs by recruited endogenous \"bystander\" DCs. Migration of these antigen-loaded and matured \"bystander\" DCs to the tumor-draining lymph node will lead to a Th1-polarized activation of tumor-specific T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COMBIG-DC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ilixadencel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ilixadencel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intuvax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433603"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797415"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797415"}]}}{"C48397":{"preferredName":"Iloprost","code":"C48397","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the prevention of lung cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called prostaglandin analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A prostacyclin analogue with potential chemopreventive activity. Iloprost binds to the prostacyclin receptor in various target cells, thereby causing vasodilation, inhibition of platelet aggregation, and decreased tumor cell adhesion to endothelium among other effects. Prostacyclin is a naturally occurring eicosanoid with anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and anti-metastatic properties. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-(3aS,4R,5R,6aS)-Hexahydro-5-hydroxy-4-((E)-(3S,4RS)-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-1-octen-6-ynyl)-delta(sup 2(1H),delta)-pentalenevaleric Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ciloprost","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILOPROST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iloprost","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Iloprost","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iloprost Clathrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentanoic Acid, 5-(hexahydro-5-hydroxy-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-1-octen-6-ynyl)-2(1H)-pentalenylidene)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventavis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZK 36374","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iloprost","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079594"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"78919-13-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JED5K35YGL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365679"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365679"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H32O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Iloprost"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63916"}]}}{"C116729":{"preferredName":"Ilorasertib","code":"C116729","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, adenosine triphospate mimetic, and inhibitor of Aurora kinases, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFRs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ilorasertib selectively binds to and inhibits Aurora kinases A, B and C, which may disrupt both the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus and chromosome segregation, and inhibit both cellular division and proliferation in Aurora kinase-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, ilorasertib selectively binds to and inhibits VEGFRs and PDGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of both angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation in VEGFR/PDGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. This agent also inhibits the Src family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases. Aurora kinases A, B and C, are serine/threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control and are overexpressed by a wide variety of tumor cell types. Both VEGFRs and PDGFRs are receptor tyrosine kinase families whose members may be upregulated in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(4-(4-Amino-7-(1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(3-fluorophenyl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-968660.0","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-348","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILORASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ilorasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ilorasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3660880"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1227939-82-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6L5D03D975"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672556"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672556"}]}}{"C104260":{"preferredName":"Imalumab","code":"C104260","definitions":[{"description":"A human, recombinant monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), with potential immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, imalumab binds to MIF, blocking its activity and preventing the MIF-mediated secretion of certain cytokines, including interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. This may lead to an inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in MIF-overexpressing tumor cells. MIF, a pro-inflammatory cytokine overexpressed in some cancers, plays a key role in inflammation, immune responses and cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAX-69","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAX069","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAX69","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMALUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imalumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imalumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1-kappa, Anti-(Homo sapiens MIF (Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor, Glycosylation-inhibiting Factor, GlIF, GIF)), Homo sapiens Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446652"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1430205-07-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"22F97PC79G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740468"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740468"}]}}{"C62035":{"preferredName":"Imatinib","code":"C62035","definitions":[{"description":"An antineoplastic agent that inhibits the Bcr-Abl fusion protein tyrosine kinase, an abnormal enzyme produced by chronic myeloid leukemia cells that contain the Philadelphia chromosome. Imatinib also inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and stem cell factor (SCF)/c-kit; the SCF/c-kit receptor tyrosine kinase is activated in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). This agent inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in cells that overexpress these oncoproteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[(4-Methyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl]-N-[4-methyl-3-[[4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]phenyl]benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935989"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"152459-95-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BKJ8M8G5HI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H31N7O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Imatinib_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:45783"}]}}{"C1687":{"preferredName":"Imatinib Mesylate","code":"C1687","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat different types of leukemia and other cancers of the blood, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, skin tumors called dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and a rare condition called systemic mastocytosis. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Imatinib mesylate blocks the protein made by the bcr/abl oncogene. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The mesylate salt of imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Imatinib binds to an intracellular pocket located within tyrosine kinases (TK), thereby inhibiting ATP binding and preventing phosphorylation and the subsequent activation of growth receptors and their downstream signal transduction pathways. This agent inhibits TK encoded by the bcr-abl oncogene as well as receptor TKs encoded by the c-kit and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) oncogenes. Inhibition of the bcr-abl TK results in decreased proliferation and enhanced apoptosis in malignant cells of Philadelphia-positive (Ph+) hematological malignancies such as CML and ALL; effects on c-kit TK activity inhibit mast-cell and cellular proliferation in those diseases overexpressing c-kit, such as mastocytosis and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[(4-Methyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl]-N-[4-methyl-3-[[4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]phenyl]benzamide Monomethanesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP 57148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP57148B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleevec","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleevec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Gleevec","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Glivec","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMATINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Imatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STI 571","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"STI-571","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STI571","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STI571","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"imatinib mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"716051"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0939537"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"220127-57-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, hypereosinophillic syndrome, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, mutated-PDGFR myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative diseases."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8A1O1M485B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37862"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37862"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H31N7O.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Imatinib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31690"}]}}{"C49084":{"preferredName":"Imetelstat","code":"C49084","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic lipid-conjugated, 13-mer oligonucleotide N3'-P5'-thio-phosphoramidate with potential antineoplastic activity. Complementary to the template region of telomerase (hTR) RNA, imetelstat acts as a competitive enzyme inhibitor that binds and blocks the active site of the enzyme (a telomerase template antagonist), a mechanism of action which differs from that for the antisense oligonucleotide-mediated inhibition of telomerase activity through telomerase mRNA binding. Inhibition of telomerase activity in tumor cells by imetelstat results in telomere shortening, which leads to cell cycle arrest or apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA, d(3'-amino-3'-deoxy-P-thio)(T-A-G-G-G-T-T-A-G-A-C-A-A), 5'-[O-[2-hydroxy-3- [(1-oxohexadecyl)amino]propyl] hydrogen phosphorothioate]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRN 163L","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMETELSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imetelstat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2746063"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"868169-64-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F60NE4XB53"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C148H211N68O53P13S13"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"GRN163L"}]}}{"C84511":{"preferredName":"Imetelstat Sodium","code":"C84511","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of imetelstat, a synthetic lipid-conjugated, 13-mer oligonucleotide N3' P5'-thio-phosphoramidate with potential antineoplastic activity. Complementary to the template region of telomerase RNA (hTR), imetelstat acts as a competitive enzyme inhibitor that binds and blocks the active site of the enzyme (a \"telomerase template antagonist\"), a mechanism of action which differs from that for the antisense oligonucleotide-mediated inhibition of telomerase activity through telomerase mRNA binding. Inhibition of telomerase activity in tumor cells by imetelstat results in telomere shortening, which leads to cell cycle arrest or apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA, d(3'-amino-3'-deoxy-P-thio)(T-A-G-G-G-T-T-A-G-A-C-A-A), 5'-[O-[2-hydroxy-3- [(1-oxohexadecyl)amino]propyl] hydrogen phosphorothioate], Sodium Salt (1:13)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRN163L","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRN163L, Sodium Salt","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMETELSTAT SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imetelstat Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imetelstat Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708156"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1007380-31-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2AW48LAZ4I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"447136"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"447136"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C148H198N68O53P13S13.13Na"}]}}{"C29115":{"preferredName":"Imexon","code":"C29115","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer, including pancreatic, lung, breast, prostate, melanoma, and multiple myeloma. It belongs to the family of drugs called cyanoaziridine derivatives.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 2-cyanoaziridine derivative with antitumor activity in multiple myeloma. Although its mechanism of action is not clearly known, imexon may induce apoptosis via a pathway involving cleaved caspase-3, caspase-9, and/or caspase-8. Other cytotoxic mechanisms of action of this agent may involve thiol depletion, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and decreases in the mitochondrial membrane potential. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-imino-1,3-diazabicyclo[3,1,0]-hexan-2-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amplimexon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amplimexon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IMEXON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imexon","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imexon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"imexon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"714597"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0097147"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"59643-91-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8F63U28T2V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468469"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468469"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H5N3O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Imexon"}]}}{"C2216":{"preferredName":"Imidazole Mustard","code":"C2216","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic derivative of imidazole with potent antineoplastic properties. Imidazole mustard alkylates DNA, preferentially at guanine residues, resulting in DNA interstrand crosslinks and inhibition of DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-(3,3-BIS(2-CHLORETHYL)-1-TRIAZENO)IMIDAZOLE-4-CARBOXAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"5-[3, 3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-triazeno]-imidazole-4-carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-[3, 3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-triazeno]imidazole-4-carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-[3,3-Bis(2-Chloroethyl)-1-Triazeno]Imidazole-4-Carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imidazole Mustard","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imidazole mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TIC Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIC mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"82196"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0063382"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5034-77-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OY338X4M2P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39483"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39483"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Imidazole_Mustard"}]}}{"C29344":{"preferredName":"Imidazole-Pyrazole","code":"C29344","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic agent, also known as IMPY, with antineoplastic properties. IMPY inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, an enzyme that converts ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides during DNA synthesis; this agent specifically binds the smaller, nonheme-iron subunit of the enzyme. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,3-Dihydro-1H-imidazo(1,2-b)pyrazole","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRN 0742753","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMPY","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imidazole-Pyrazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imidazolepyrazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Inhibits the nonheme-iron subunit of ribonucleotide reductase"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"51143"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0045368"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pyrazole_Imidazole"}]}}{"C126638":{"preferredName":"Imipramine Blue","code":"C126638","definitions":[{"description":"A triphenylmethane-based dye and an inhibitor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) oxidase 4 (NOX4), with potential anti-invasive and anti-oxidative activities. Upon administration, imipramine blue (IB) inhibits the activity of NOX4 and prevents NOX4-mediated cell signaling. This prevents the formation of NOX4-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS), abrogates the ROS-induced inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) activation, and induces both G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. NOX4, an enzyme belonging to the NOX family of proteins, promotes the production of ROS and plays a key role in the suppression of PTP activation; it is upregulated in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imipramine Blue","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imipramine Blue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL505071"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C1431":{"preferredName":"Imiquimod","code":"C1431","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat early basal cell skin cancer and certain other skin conditions. It is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Imiquimod is a type of biological response modifier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic agent with immune response modifying activity. As an immune response modifier (IRM), imiquimod stimulates cytokine production, especially interferon production, and exhibits antitumor activity, particularly against cutaneous cancers. Imiquimod's proapoptotic activity appears to be related to Bcl-2 overexpression in susceptible tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Imidazo(4,5-c)quinolin-4-amine, 1-(2-methylpropyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Amino-1-isobutyl-1H-imidazo(4,5-c)quinoline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aldara","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aldara","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IMIQUIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imiquimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imiquimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Imiquimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R 837","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S 26308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zyclara","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"imiquimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"741062"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"369100"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0718327"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"99011-02-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Condyloma; Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma; Actinic Keratosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P1QW714R7M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38558"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38558"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H16N4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Imiquimod"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:36704"}]}}{"C113795":{"preferredName":"Immediate-release Onapristone","code":"C113795","definitions":[{"description":"An immediate-release (IR) formulation of onapristone, an orally bioavailable progesterone receptor (PR) antagonist, with antineoplastic activity. Onapristone binds to the PR and inhibits both PR activation and the associated expression of PR-responsive genes. This may inhibit PR-mediated proliferative effects in cancer cells overexpressing PR. PR is expressed on certain cancer cell types and plays a key role in proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IR Onapristone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immediate-release Onapristone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471777"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757590"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757590"}]}}{"C113658":{"preferredName":"Immediate-release Tablet Afuresertib","code":"C113658","definitions":[{"description":"An immediate-release (IR) tablet formulation containing afuresertib, an inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of the IR formulation, afuresertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, decreased tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis in Akt-expressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK2110183 IR Tablet","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IR Afuresertib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immediate-release Tablet Afuresertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458371"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757069"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757069"}]}}{"C141421":{"preferredName":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ASP8374","code":"C141421","definitions":[{"description":"An immune checkpoint inhibitor with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact target is undisclosed, ASP8374 inhibits the activity of an immune checkpoint protein, which ultimately leads to the activation of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP 8374","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-8374","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-8374","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ASP8374","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ASP8374","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ASP8374","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539507"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TB50XV90MW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791403"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791403"}]}}{"C104058":{"preferredName":"Lumretuzumab","code":"C104058","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate containing a glycoengineered, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor HER3 (ErbB3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lumretuzumab binds to the extracellular domain of HER3 and inhibits HER3 dimerization; thereby, preventing EGFR-dependent signaling. In addition, RO5479599 stimulates the immune system to exert antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This may decrease proliferation of HER3-overexpressing tumor cells. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in tumors; it has no active kinase domain but is activated through heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family, such as HER2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LUMRETUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lumretuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5479599","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433954"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1448327-63-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y6M3205516"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744816"}]}}{"C97961":{"preferredName":"Immunocytokine NHS-IL12","code":"C97961","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein consisting of the heavy-chains of the human antibody NHS76, raised against DNA released by necrotic tumor cells, and fused to two molecules of a genetically modified human interleukin-12 (IL-12) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of immunocytokine NHS-IL12 binds to DNA released from necrotic tumor cells located primarily at the core of necrotic solid tumors, thereby delivering the IL-12 moiety. In turn, the IL-12 moiety of this agent stimulates the host immune system to mount an immune response against tumor cells, thereby inhibiting tumor growth. IL-12 is a proinflammatory cytokine with numerous immunoregulatory functions and may augment host immune responses to tumor cells. By targeting tumor cells, NHS-IL-12 may reduce the toxicity associated with systemic administration of recombinant human IL-12.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMMUNOCYTOKINE NHS-IL12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Immunocytokine NHS-IL12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunocytokine NHS-IL12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M-9241","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M9241","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NHS-IL-12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NHS-IL12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273725"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1807503-77-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KF6D9Z1MER"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710539"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710539"}]}}{"C82411":{"preferredName":"Immunocytokine NHS-IL2-LT","code":"C82411","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein consisting of a mouse-human chimeric antibody directed against DNA released by necrotic tumor cells fused to two molecules of a genetically modified human interleukin-2 (IL-2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of immunocytokine NHS-IL2-LT binds to DNA released by necrotic tumor cells located primarily at the core of necrotic solid tumors, delivering the IL-2 moiety. In turn, the IL-2 moiety of this agent activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against nearby tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ch.14.18-IL2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 521873","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunocytokine NHS-IL2-LT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELECTIKINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selectikine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830085"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EI74F49ZLJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641919"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641919"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Selectikine"}]}}{"C152979":{"preferredName":"Immunomodulator LAM-003","code":"C152979","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable immunomodulating agent with potential antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunomodulator LAM-003","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunomodulator LAM-003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAM 003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAM-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAM003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554182"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793859"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793859"}]}}{"C49092":{"preferredName":"Immunomodulator OHR/AVR118","code":"C49092","definitions":[{"description":"A broad-spectrum peptide nucleic acid formulation comprised of breakdown products of casein, peptone, RNA and serum albumin, with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-anorectic and anti-cachexia activities. AVR118 mainly contains two peptides, peptide A and peptide B, in approximately a 1:1 ratio: peptide A (31 a. a.) is derived from bovine casein; peptide B (21 a. a.) is covalently linked via phosphodiester bond to a diadenosine unit. In addition, AVR118 contains nucleosides, nucleoside diphosphates and nucleoside monophosphates. Upon subcutaneous injection of AVR118, this agent affects the synthesis of many pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, especially monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). In particular, AVR118 stimulates macrophages to produce these mediators while in highly activated macrophages this agent inhibits their synthesis. This way, AVR118 may prevent the excessive release of cytokines seen during chemotherapy. Controlling the release of pro-inflammatory mediators may ultimately improve appetite and mood, increase strength and weight gain, and decrease fatigue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVR118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunomodulator OHR/AVR118","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Product R","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1172837"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453546"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453546"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AVR118"}]}}{"C101370":{"preferredName":"Immunomodulatory Agent CC-11006","code":"C101370","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, orally available, small molecule and thalidomide analog, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. CC-11006 appears to have a similar mechanism to thalidomide and may modulate the expression of proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-11006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-11006-MDS-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunomodulatory Agent CC-11006","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunomodulatory Agent CC-11006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435550"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730575"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730575"}]}}{"C49182":{"preferredName":"Immunomodulatory Oligonucleotide HYB2055","code":"C49182","definitions":[{"description":"A second generation synthetic oligonucleotide with immunomodulatory and potential antineoplastic activities. HYB2055 consists of unmethylated CpG dinucleotide motifs that are present abundantly in bacterial and parasitic DNA, and a novel DNA structure, called an immunomer that contributes to metabolic stability of the agent. Upon infections, CpG-containing DNA released from pathogenic organisms triggers host immune responses, which are mediated by the action of intracellular toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), a pattern recognition receptor. This agent mimics bacterial DNA and selectively activates TLR9, thereby initiating immune signaling pathways, and leading to activation of B-cells and dendritic cells and induction of Th1-type cytokine production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amplivax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMO-2055","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunomodulatory Oligonucleotide HYB2055","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imoxine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708303"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HYB2055"}]}}{"C122922":{"preferredName":"Immunotherapeutic Combination Product CMB305","code":"C122922","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic combination product composed of LV305, an engineered lentiviral vector that both targets dendritic cells (DCs) and contains nucleic acids encoding the human tumor-associated cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 (CTAG1), and G305, a cancer vaccine comprised of an NY-ESO-1 recombinant protein and glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (GLA)-stable emulsion (GLA-SE), with potential synergistic immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of LV305, the DC-targeting lentiviral vector targets and binds to dermal DCs via the DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) receptor. Upon internalization of the vector, the NY-ESO-1 protein is expressed, which stimulates DC maturation, and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against NY-ESO-1-expressing cells; this may result in tumor cell lysis. Upon the sequential intramuscular injection of G305, the adjuvant portion of G305 binds to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) expressed on various immune cells, including DCs, monocytes, macrophages and B-cells. The activated DCs present the NY-ESO-1 antigen to CD4-positive Th1 T-lymphocytes. The induction of antigen-specific CD4-positive T-lymphocytes further induces a CTL response against NY-ESO-1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, G305 induces an NY-ESO-1-specific antibody response. NY-ESO-1, expressed in normal testes and on the surfaces of various tumor cells, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CMB 305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMB305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ID-CMB305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ID-LV305 Plus ID G305","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotherapeutic Combination Product CMB305","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunotherapeutic Combination Product CMB305","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LV 305 Plus G 305","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LV305 Plus G305","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053576"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777295"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777295"}]}}{"C91714":{"preferredName":"Immunotherapeutic GSK1572932A","code":"C91714","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic containing a proprietary adjuvant system combined with a melanoma-associated antigen peptide MAGE-A3 epitope with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Intramuscular administration with GSK1572932A may stimulate the immune system to exert both humoral and cellular immune responses against MAGE-A3-expressing tumor cells. MAGE-A3, a tumor associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), melanoma, head and neck cancer, and bladder cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK1572932A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotherapeutic GSK1572932A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunotherapeutic GSK1572932A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL371862"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544201"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544201"}]}}{"C77971":{"preferredName":"Immunotherapy Regimen MKC-1106-MT","code":"C77971","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapy regimen containing three components: a plasmid encoding portions of the two melanoma-associated antigens Melan A (also called MART-1) and tyrosinase and two synthetic analogs of Melan-A and tyrosinase antigen epitopes with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. First, the plasmid is injected directly into lymph nodes in order to sensitize or prime antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and central memory T cells in lymph nodes to plasmid-expressed Melan A and tyrosinase. After several priming injections with plasmids, the Melan A and tyrosinase synthetic epitope analogs are injected directly into lymph nodes; upon binding to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on APC cell surfaces, these synthetic epitope analogs may stimulate a \"primed\" cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against melanoma tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Melan-A and tyrosinase are overexpressed by melanoma tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunotherapy Regimen MKC-1106-MT","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunotherapy Regimen MKC-1106-MT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MKC-1106-MT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL386958"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598417"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598417"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MKC-1106-MT"}]}}{"C62480":{"preferredName":"Immunotoxin CMD-193","code":"C62480","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunotoxin directed against the Lewis Y antigen conjugated with calicheamicin, a hydrophobic enediyne antibiotic, with potential antineoplastic activity. CMD193 binds to the Lewis Y antigen, a tetrasaccharide expressed on the cell surfaces of many tumor cell types. Upon binding, CMD-193 is internalized, thereby delivering the attached calicheamicin to Lewis Y antigen-expressing tumor cells. Calicheamicin binds non-covalently to the minor groove of DNA and prompts conformational changes and DNA oxidation, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis and inducing apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CMD 193","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMD-193","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMD193","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin CMD-193","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879965"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1080645-97-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489295"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489295"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CMD-193"}]}}{"C77863":{"preferredName":"IMT-1012 Immunotherapeutic Vaccine","code":"C77863","definitions":[{"description":"A multi-peptide cancer vaccine with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. IMT-1012 immunotherapeutic vaccine contains twelve different synthetic peptides or tumor associated antigens (TAAs), including cyclin I (CCNI), cyclin-dependent kinase CDC2, EDDRI and TACE/ADAM17, each of which is involved in a different pathway associated with tumor growth, survival, and metastasis. Each antigen in the vaccine elicits a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing that antigen. This multi-antigen/multi-pathway targeting strategy provides broad immunotherapeutic coverage with respect to tumor complexity and heterogeneity and may result in enhanced vaccine efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMT-1012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMT-1012 Immunotherapeutic Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IMT-1012 Immunotherapeutic Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCPM Immunotherapeutic Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383604"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596541"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596541"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"IMT-1012_Immunotherapeutic_Vaccine"}]}}{"C29317":{"preferredName":"Inalimarev","code":"C29317","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine made with a form of vaccinia virus that does not cause disease in humans. It is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. The virus is changed in the laboratory to make human proteins, including the tumor markers called CEA and MUC-1, that may help immune cells in the body kill tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant vaccinia viral vector encoding the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), MUC-1 (mucin-1), a transmembrane glycoprotein secreted by glandular tissues, and TRICOM, comprised of the three co-stimulatory molecule transgenes B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3. Upon administration, inalimarev may enhance CEA and MUC-1 presentation to antigen presenting cells (APC) and may activate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA- and MUC-1-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inalimarev","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inalimarev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANVAC-V","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANVAC-V","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Vaccinia-CEA-MUC1-TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"inalimarev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rVaccinia-CEA(D609)/MUC1(L93)/TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"recombinant vaccinia-CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"727026"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541349"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"685563-13-7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385666"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"385666"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"rVaccinia-CEA_D609_MUC1_L93_TRICOM"}]}}{"C2454":{"preferredName":"Incyclinide","code":"C2454","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. COL-3 may block the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chemically-modified tetracycline with potential antineoplastic activity. Incyclinide inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. This agent also causes mitochondrial depolarization in tumor cells and induces both cellular apoptosis and tissue necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Dimethlyamino Sancycline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Dimethlyaminosancycline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-dedimethylamino sancycline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-deoxy, 6-demethyl, 4-de-dimethylamino tetracycline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-deoxy-6-demethyl-4-dedimethylaminotetracycline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMT-3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COL 3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COL-3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COL-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"INCYCLINIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Incyclinide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Incyclinide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metastat","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Tetracycline CMT-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"683551"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0763138"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"15866-90-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"21G64WZQ4I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42884"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42884"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H17NO7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"COL-3"}]}}{"C2049":{"preferredName":"Indibulin","code":"C2049","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small molecule with antimitotic and potential antineoplastic activities. Indibulin binds to a site on tubulin that is different from taxane- or Vinca alkaloid-binding sites, destabilizing tubulin polymerization and inducing tumor cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This agent has been shown to be active against multidrug-resistant (MDR) and taxane- resistant tumor cell lines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D 24851","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-24851","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INDIBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Indibulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(Pyridin-4-yl)-(1-(4-chlorobenzyl)indol-3-yl)glycoxylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZIO-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1956330"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"204205-90-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"80K4H2RB8P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587341"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587341"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H16ClN3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"D_24851"}]}}{"C1134":{"preferredName":"Indicine-N-Oxide","code":"C1134","definitions":[{"description":"A natural pyrrolizidine alkaloid with antineoplastic properties. Indicine-N-oxide alkylates and crosslinks DNA. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,3-Dihydroxy-2-(1-methylethyl)butanoic Acid (2,3,5,7a-tetrahydro-1-hydroxy-1H-pyrrolizin-7-yl)methyl Ester N-Oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanoic Acid, 2,3-Dihydroxy-2-(1-methylethyl)- (2,3,5, 7a-tetrahydro-1-hydroxy-1H-pyrrolizin-7-yl) Methyl Ester, N-Oxide,(1R-(1alpha,7(2R*,3S*),7a-beta))-(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-2-(1-methylethyl)- (2,3,5, 7a-tetrahydro-1-hydroxy-1H-pyrrolizin-7-yl) methyl ester, N-oxide, (1R-(1alpha,7(2R*,3S*),7a-beta))-(9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Indicine N-Oxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indicine N-oxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Indicine, N-oxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Indicine-N-Oxide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"132319"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0063465"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"41708-76-3"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39482"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39482"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Indicine-N-Oxide"}]}}{"C25797":{"preferredName":"Indisulam","code":"C25797","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that belongs to the family of drugs called sulfonamides. It is being studied for its ability to treat cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A novel sulfonamide compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Indisulam inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK), which regulate cell cycle progression and are usually over-expressed in cancerous cells. Inhibition of CDK results in G1/S phase arrest of the cell cycle, and may lead to induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. In addition, indisulam also inhibits carbonic anhydrases (CA), especially isoforms IX and XII that are involved in aqueous humor production and are highly overexpressed in some types of cancers. Inhibition of CA IX and XII results in interference with ion exchange and pH in hypoxic tumor tissue and preventing chemoresistance to weakly basic antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E7070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7070","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"INDISULAM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Indisulam","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indisulam","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-Chloro-7-indoyl)-1,4-Benzenedisulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1099211"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"165668-41-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WJ98J3NM90"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43559"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43559"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H12ClN3O4S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"E7070"}]}}{"C158750":{"preferredName":"Indocyanine Green-labeled Polymeric Micelles ONM-100","code":"C158750","definitions":[{"description":"A micellar polymer tracer labeled with the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging dye indocyanine green (ICG), with potential fluorescent imaging activity. Upon administration, the ICG-labeled polymeric micelles ONM-100 accumulate in tumor tissue. The micelles dissociate and subsequently fluoresce upon exposure to the acidic conditions of the tumor microenvironment (TME), allowing the visualization of tumors using infrared-based cameras.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Indocyanine Green-labeled Polymeric Micelles ONM-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indocyanine Green-labeled Polymeric Micelles ONM-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONM 100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONM-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONM100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL950716"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797414"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797414"}]}}{"C1135":{"preferredName":"Indole-3-Carbinol","code":"C1135","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a cancer prevention drug. It is found in cruciferous vegetables.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An indole with a carbinol group (-C2OH) attached at the 3 position of the pyrrole ring. The chemical structure is C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)CO.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A naturally occurring, orally available cleavage product of the glucosinolate glucobrassicanin, a natural compound present in a wide variety of plant food substances including members of the family Cruciferae with antioxidant and potential chemopreventive properties. Indole-3-carbinol scavenges free radicals and induces various hepatic cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Specifically, this agent induces the hepatic monooxygenase cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1), resulting in increased 2-hydroxylation of estrogens and increased production of the chemoprotective estrogen 2-hydroxyestrone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-indole-3-methanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Hydroxymethylindole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"I3C","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indole-3-Carbinol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indole-3-Carbinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indole-3-carbinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Indole-3-carbinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Indole-3-carbinol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indole-3-methanol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"indole-3-carbinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0063491"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"700-06-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38058"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38058"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H9NO"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Indole-3-Carbinol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:24814"}]}}{"C576":{"preferredName":"Indomethacin","code":"C576","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that reduces pain, fever, swelling, and redness. It is also being used to reduce tumor-induced suppression of the immune system and to increase the effectiveness of anticancer drugs. It is a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic nonsteroidal indole derivative with anti-inflammatory activity and chemopreventive properties. As a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), indomethacin inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase, thereby preventing cyclooxygenase-mediated DNA adduct formation by heterocyclic aromatic amines. This agent also may inhibit the expression of multidrug-resistant protein type 1, resulting in increased efficacies of some antineoplastic agents in treating multi-drug resistant tumors. In addition, indomethacin activates phosphatases that inhibit the migration and proliferation of cancer cells and downregulates survivin, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy- 2-methyl-1-H-indole-3-acetic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INDOMETHACIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Indocin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indocin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Indometacin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indomethacin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indomethacin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Indomethacin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"indomethacin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"77541"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021246"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53-86-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Dysmennorhea; Inflammatory disorders; Pain"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XXE1CET956"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39489"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39489"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H16ClNO4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Indomethacin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:49662"}]}}{"C71535":{"preferredName":"Indoximod","code":"C71535","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of melanoma and many other types of cancer. 1-methyl-d-tryptophan blocks the breakdown of the amino acid tryptophan, which is needed for T cells (a type of immune system cell) to kill tumor cells. Giving 1-methyl-d-tryptophan to patients who have received chemotherapy for cancer may help kill more tumor cells. It is a type of enzyme inhibitor and immunosuppressant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A methylated tryptophan with immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Indoximod inhibits the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which degrades the essential amino acid tryptophan, and may increase or maintain tryptophan levels important to T cell function. Tryptophan depletion is associated with immunosuppression involving T cell arrest and anergy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-MT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Methyl-D-tryptophan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-methyl-d-tryptophan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"D-(+)-1-Methyltryptophan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-1MT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"INDOXIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Indoximod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indoximod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4045546"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TX5CYN1KMZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579646"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579646"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_1-Methyl-d-Tryptophan"}]}}{"C150393":{"preferredName":"Indoximod Prodrug NLG802","code":"C150393","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable prodrug of indoximod, a methylated tryptophan, with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, the indoximod prodrug NLG802 is converted to indoximod. Indoximod targets, binds to and inhibits the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO; IDO1), which converts the essential amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. By increasing tryptophan levels and decreasing kynurenine levels, indoximod restores and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymphocytes, and causes a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against IDO1-expressing tumor cells, thereby inhibiting their growth. IDO1, overexpressed by multiple tumor cell types, plays an important role in immunosuppression. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and subsequently suppresses the immune system. NLG802 elicits increased plasma concentrations of indoximod and improves its efficacy, compared to the direct administration of indoximod.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDO1 Inhibitor NLG802","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoximod Prodrug NLG802","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indoximod Prodrug NLG802","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NLG 802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NLG-802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NLG802","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552162"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792849"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792849"}]}}{"C83818":{"preferredName":"Inecalcitol","code":"C83818","definitions":[{"description":"An analog of calcitriol and a vitamin D3 receptor (VDR) agonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, inecalcitol targets and binds to VDR. This activates VDR and VDR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This modulates the VDR-mediated expression of certain genes, including the expression of anti-cancer genes, enhances cellular differentiation, induces tumor cell apoptosis and inhibits tumor cell growth. VDR plays a central role in calcium homeostasis and in the growth of certain cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(7E)-19-Nor-9,10-seco-14beta-cholesta-5,7-dien-23-yne-1alpha,3beta,25-triol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INECALCITOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inecalcitol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inecalcitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX 522","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827203"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"163217-09-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"05FZV98342"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782341"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782341"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H40O3"}]}}{"C88302":{"preferredName":"Infigratinib","code":"C88302","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pan inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Infigratinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of FGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. FGFRs are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which may be upregulated in various tumor cell types and may be involved in tumor cell differentiation and proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(2,6-Dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(6-((4-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)-1-methylurea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGJ-398","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGJ398","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INFIGRATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Infigratinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Infigratinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981819"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"872511-34-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A4055ME1VK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659161"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659161"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63451"}]}}{"C162568":{"preferredName":"Infigratinib Mesylate","code":"C162568","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt of infigratinib, an orally bioavailable pan-inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, infigratinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of FGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. FGFRs are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which may be upregulated in various tumor cell types and may be involved in tumor cell differentiation and proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BGJ 398 Mesylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGJ-398 Mesylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INFIGRATINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Infigratinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971083"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1310746-12-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E223Z0KWCC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1789":{"preferredName":"Infliximab","code":"C1789","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that blocks the action of a cytokine called tumor necrosis factor alfa. It is being studied in the treatment and prevention of weight loss and loss of appetite in patients with advanced cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called monoclonal antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant chimeric, mouse-human monoclonal antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), a protein involved in inflammation, cell survival, and apoptosis. Infliximab may be pro- apoptotic or anti-apoptotic, depending on cell type. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Avakine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INFLIXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Infliximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Infliximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Remicade","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Remsima","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cA2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"infliximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"728729"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0666743"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"170277-31-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Ankylosis spondylitis; Crohns disease; Plaque psoriasis; Rheumatoid arthritis; Sarcoidosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B72HH48FLU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38698"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38698"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infliximab"}]}}{"C48398":{"preferredName":"Ingenol Mebutate","code":"C48398","definitions":[{"description":"A selective small-molecule activator of protein kinase C (PKC) isolated from the plant Euphorbia peplus with potential antineoplastic activity. Ingenol mebutate activates various protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, thereby inducing apoptosis in some tumor cells, including myeloid leukemia cells, melanoma cells, and basal cell carcinoma cells. The PKC family consists of signaling isoenzymes that regulate many cell processes including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, (1aR,2S,5R,5aS,6S,8aS,9R,10aR)-1a,2,5,5a,6,9,10,10a- octahydro-5,5a-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,7,9-tetramethyl-11-oxo-1H-2,8a- methanocyclopenta[a]cyclopropa[e]cyclodecen-6-yl ester, (2Z)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I3A","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INGENOL MEBUTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ingenol Mebutate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ingenol-3-angelate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP-005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"19178487"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1452152"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"75567-37-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7686S50JAH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"432941"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"432941"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H34O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ingenol_3-Angelate"}]}}{"C118776":{"preferredName":"Ingenol Mebutate Gel","code":"C118776","definitions":[{"description":"A topical, aqueous gel formulation containing the mebutate salt form of ingenol, a selective small-molecule activator of protein kinase C (PKC) that is isolated from the sap of Euphorbia species, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical application of the ingenol mebutate gel, ingenol activates various PKC isoforms, which induces apoptosis in certain tumor cells, including myeloid leukemia cells, melanoma cells, and basal cell carcinoma cells. The PKC family consists of signaling isoenzymes that regulate many cell processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ingenol Mebutate Gel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ingenol-3-angelate Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP-005 Topical Gel","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP005 Gel","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picato","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3257744"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766480"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766480"}]}}{"C62526":{"preferredName":"Iniparib","code":"C62526","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of breast cancers caused by mutations (changes) in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks an enzyme involved in many functions of the cell, including the repair of DNA damage. DNA damage may be caused by normal cell actions, UV light, some anticancer drugs, and radiation used to treat cancer. BSI-201 may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small molecule iodobenzamide with potential cytotoxic and antineoplastic activities. Although the mechanism of action is unknown, iniparib appears to be cytotoxic in cells with DNA alterations or DNA damage, like that found in tumor cells with mutations in the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene. ATM encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase and mutations of the gene are associated with ataxia telangiectasia and contribute to certain cancers such as T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Iodo-3-Nitrobenzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSI-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSI-201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"INIPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iniparib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iniparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP-1 Inhibitor BSI-201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP-1 inhibitor BSI-201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SAR240550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iniparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0291482"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"937799-96-7"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"160003-66-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2ZWI7KHK8F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488465"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488465"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H5IN2O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BSI-201"}]}}{"C82362":{"preferredName":"Innate Immunostimulator rBBX-01","code":"C82362","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant 19 kDa protein derived from the Apicomplexa protozoan Eimeria with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, innate immunostimulator rBBX-01 activates dendritic cells (DCs), stimulates the Toll-like receptor 11 (TLR-11)-mediated release of interleukin-12 (Il-12) from DCs, and induces a T-helper 1 (Th1) type immune response, which may induce an immune response against tumor cells. Infection with Eimeria, a coccidian commonly infecting the intestine, may be negatively correlated with tumorigenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Innate Immunostimulator rBBX-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Innate Immunostimulator rBBX-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rBBX-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408641"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640624"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"640624"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Innate_Immunostimulator_rBBX-01"}]}}{"C61315":{"preferredName":"INO-1001","code":"C61315","definitions":[{"description":"A isoindolinone derivative and potent inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with chemosensitization and radiosensitization properties. INO-1001 inhibits PARP, which may result in inhibition of tumor cell DNA repair mechanisms and, so, tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. PARP enzymes are activated by DNA breaks and have been implicated in the repair of DNA single-strand breaks (SSB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INO 1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"INO-1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1504945"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"624747-02-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"55E08EN074"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485165"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485165"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"INO-1001"}]}}{"C157333":{"preferredName":"Inodiftagene Vixteplasmid","code":"C157333","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant DNA plasmid carrying the gene for diphtheria toxin-A (dT-A) chain under the regulation of the H19 promoter, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical administration, dT-A chain expression is triggered by the presence of H19 transcription factors that are upregulated in tumor cells. The dT-A chain binds to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and inactivates the ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor 2 (EF2), resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death leading to tumor cell destruction. Inodiftagene Vixteplasmid does not carry the gene for the diphtheria toxin-B (dT-B) chain, thereby preventing the transfer of the toxic dT-A chain between cells. H19, a paternally imprinted, oncofetal gene, is highly expressed in embryonic and certain malignant tissues, but minimally expressed in normal, adult tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BC 819","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BC-819","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BC819","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diphtheria-toxin-A-H19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INODIFTAGENE VIXTEPLASMID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inodiftagene Vixteplasmid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inodiftagene Vixteplasmid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dT-A-H19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937035"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"98YK326XZ6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796809"}]}}{"C116728":{"preferredName":"iNOS Dimerization Inhibitor FK-330","code":"C116728","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, iNOS Dimerization Inhibitor FK-330 inhibits iNOS dimerization, which results in decreased nitric oxide (NO) production. iNOS expression is upregulated in certain cancers and may invoke a chronic inflammatory state in tumor cells that promotes metastatic growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FK-330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FK-330","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"FR-260330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iNOS Dimerization Inhibitor ASP9853","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"iNOS Dimerization Inhibitor ASP9853","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iNOS Dimerization Inhibitor FK-330","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3900153"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K47C68D94B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741936"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741936"}]}}{"C122835":{"preferredName":"Inosine 5'-monophosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor FF-10501-01","code":"C122835","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of inosine 5'- monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, IMPDH inhibitor FF-10501-01 competitively inhibits the enzyme IMPDH, thereby preventing the conversion of inosine monophosphate to xanthosine monophosphate. This inhibits the synthesis of guanine nucleotides, deprives cancer cells of guanosine triphosphate (GTP), disrupts DNA and RNA synthesis, and decreases tumor cell proliferation. Tumor cells are highly susceptible to IMPDH inhibition because they are rapidly dividing cells that are dependent on rapid DNA synthesis, which requires a high concentration of nucleotides. IMPDH, an enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of guanosine triphosphate (GTP), is overexpressed in numerous tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FF-10501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF-10501-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMPDH Inhibitor FF-10501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inosine 5'-monophosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor FF-10501-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474107"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763219"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763219"}]}}{"C49181":{"preferredName":"Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor AVN944","code":"C49181","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks cells from making DNA and RNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally available, synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. AVN944 inhibits inosine monosphosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), an enzyme involved in the de novo synthesis of guanosine triphosphate (GTP), a purine molecule required for DNA and RNA synthesis. Inhibition of IMPDH deprives cancer cells of GTP, resulting in disruption of DNA and RNA synthesis, inhibition of cell proliferation, and the induction of apoptosis. AVN944 appears to have a selective effect on cancer cells in that deprivation of GTP in normal cells results in a temporary slowing of cell growth only. IMPDH is overexpressed in some cancer cells, particularly in hematological malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVN-944","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AVN944","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVN944","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor AVN944","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706677"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"297730-17-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I3NPL1V48Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486333"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486333"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H27N5O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AVN944"}]}}{"C28163":{"preferredName":"Inositol","code":"C28163","definitions":[{"description":"A nutrient in the vitamin B complex that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Myoinositol helps cells make membranes and respond to messages from their environment. It has the same chemical formula as glucose (the chief source of energy for living organisms) but has a different arrangement of atoms. It is found in beans, peas, brown rice, wheat bran and nuts. It is water-soluble (can dissolve in water) and must be taken in every day. Myoinositol is being studied in the prevention of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural sugar found in cell membrane phospholipids, plasma lipoproteins, and (as the phosphate form) in the nucleus with potential chemopreventive properties. As one of a number of intracellular phosphate compounds, inositol is involved in cell signaling and may stimulate tumor cell differentiation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cyclohexanehexol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INOSITOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inositol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inositol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-1,2,3,5-trans-4,6-Cyclohexanehexol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"inositol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"myo-Inositol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"myo-Inositol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"myoinositol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"8101"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"55552"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021547"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"87-89-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4L6452S749"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"305828"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"305828"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H12O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inositol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17268"}]}}{"C71542":{"preferredName":"Inotuzumab Ozogamicin","code":"C71542","definitions":[{"description":"A CD22-targeted cytotoxic immunoconjugate composed of a humanized IgG4 anti-CD22 antibody covalently linked to N-acetyl-gamma-calicheamicin dimethyl hydrazide (CalichDMH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Inotuzumab ozogamicin is rapidly internalized upon binding of the antibody moiety to B cell-specific CD22 receptors, delivering the conjugated CalichDMH intracellularly; the CalichDMH moiety binds to the minor groove of DNA in a sequence-specific manner, resulting in double-strand DNA breaks and apoptosis. CalichDMH is a derivative of gamma calicheamicin, a cytotoxic antibiotic produced by the bacterium Micromonospora echinospora.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Besponsa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMC-544","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INOTUZUMAB OZOGAMICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inotuzumab Ozogamicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inotuzumab Ozogamicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WAY-207294","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Way 207294","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1567130"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"635715-01-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P93RUU11P7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352004"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352004"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C73H96IN6O25S3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD22-CalichDMH_Conjugate"}]}}{"C65919":{"preferredName":"Inproquone","code":"C65919","definitions":[{"description":"A benzoquinone-based antineoplastic agent. Inproquone was never marketed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INPROQUONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inproquone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"17261"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0063600"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"436-40-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C6Y700V0M4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H22N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inproquone"}]}}{"C61501":{"preferredName":"Integrin alpha-2 Inhibitor E7820","code":"C61501","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and aromatic sulfonamide derivative with potential antiangiogenic and antitumor activities. E7820 inhibits angiogenesis by suppressing integrin alpha 2, a cell adhesion molecule expressed on endothelial cells. Inhibition of integrin alpha 2 leads to an inhibition of cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, vascular endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E-7820","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Integrin alpha-2 Inhibitor E7820","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Integrin alpha-2 Inhibitor E7820","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1172515"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TVH5K7949N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"363619"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"363619"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"E7820"}]}}{"C96223":{"preferredName":"Integrin Receptor Antagonist GLPG0187","code":"C96223","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule integrin receptor antagonist (IRA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GLPG0187 binds to and blocks the activity of 5 RGD-integrin receptor subtypes, including alphavbeta1, alphavbeta3, alphavbeta5, alphavbeta6 and alpha5beta1. This may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions and endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and the prevention of angiogenesis and metastasis in tumor cells expressing these integrin receptors. Integrin receptors are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed on the surface of tumor vessel endothelial cells and some types of cancer cells, and play a crucial role in endothelial cell adhesion and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLPG0187","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Integrin Receptor Antagonist GLPG0187","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429007"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697397"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697397"}]}}{"C20493":{"preferredName":"Interferon","code":"C20493","definitions":[{"description":"A biological response modifier (a substance that can improve the body's natural response to infection and disease). Interferons interfere with the division of cancer cells and can slow tumor growth. There are several types of interferons, including interferon-alpha, -beta, and -gamma. These substances are normally produced by the body. They are also made in the laboratory for use in treating cancer and other diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Human interferons have been classified into 3 groups: alpha, beta, and gamma. Both alpha- and beta-IFNs, previously designated type I, are acid-stable, but they differ immunologically and in regard to some biologic and physiochemical properties. The IFNs produced by virus-stimulated leukocytes (leukocyte IFNs) are predominantly of the alpha type. Those produced by lymphoblastoid cells are about 90% alpha and 10% beta. Induced fibroblasts produce mainly or exclusively the beta type. The alpha- and beta-IFNs differ widely in amino acid sequence. The gamma or immune IFNs, which are produced by T lymphocytes in response to mitogens or to antigens to which they are sensitized, are acid-labile and serologically distinct from alpha- and beta-IFNs. (from OMIM 147570)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Fibroblast Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Leukocyte Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Lymphoblastoid Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Interferon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"interferon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021747"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Interferon"}]}}{"C2220":{"preferredName":"Interferon Alfa-N1","code":"C2220","definitions":[{"description":"A highly purified alpha interferon produced by a human lymphoid cell line. Interferon alpha-n1 consists of multiple alpha interferon subtypes, at least two of which are glycosylated. In contrast, recombinant alpha interferons are individual non-glycosylated proteins produced from individual alpha interferon genes. Alpha interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose proteins have antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Humoferon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON ALFA-N1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa-N1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wellferon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"339140"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699817"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"308067-63-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic Hepatitis C"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"41697D4Z5C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Interferon_Alfa-N1"}]}}{"C30136":{"preferredName":"Interferon Alfa-N3","code":"C30136","definitions":[{"description":"A formulated therapeutic analog of the endogenous alpha interferon containing multiple interferon species with antiviral and antitumor properties. Interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes with an interferon-specific response element, thereby inducing: antiviral effects (the most important being inhibition of viral protein synthesis); antiproliferative effects (including inhibition of cellular growth and alteration of cellular differentiation); anticancer effects (including interference with oncogene expression); and immune-modulating effects (including activation of natural killer cells, alteration of cell surface antigen expression, and augmentation of lymphocyte and macrophage cytotoxicity). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alfa-N3 Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alferon N","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Altemol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON ALFA-N3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa-3N, Human Leukocyte Derived","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa-N3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1621234"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9008-11-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"47BPR3V3MP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Interferon_Alfa-N3"}]}}{"C1766":{"preferredName":"Interferon Alfacon-1","code":"C1766","definitions":[{"description":"An analogue of consensus interferon which contains an additional methionyl amino acid residue. Consensus interferon (also known as interferon alfacon-1, rCon-IFN, and CIFN) is a genetically engineered synthetic interferon created from the most common amino acid sequences from the naturally occurring alpha interferons. Alpha interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products have antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Advaferon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CIFN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Consensus Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN Alfacon-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON ALFACON-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Infergen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfacon-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon Consensus, Methionyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methionyl Interferon Consensus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methionyl-Interferon-Consensus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Consensus Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant methionyl human consensus interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"r-metHuIFN-Con1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0164613"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"118390-30-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"56588OP40D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42870"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42870"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Interferon_Alfacon-1"}]}}{"C1823":{"preferredName":"Interferon Beta-1A","code":"C1823","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of the endogenous cytokine human interferon (IFN) beta-1a, with antiproliferative, antiviral and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, interferon beta-1a targets and binds to specific type I IFN receptors, which eventually results in the transcription and translation of genes containing an interferon-specific response element and leads to the production of various anti-viral proteins and modulates the production of various immune-modulating proteins. This reduces the production of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines while upregulating the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10), upregulates the expression of major histocompatibility (MHC) I proteins which allows for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens, and activates CD8+ T cells as well as other immune cells. Endogenous IFN-beta-1a is produced following viral infection and it plays a key role in innate immune response against viral pathogens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Avonex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BG9418","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON BETA-1A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon Beta-1A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rebif","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant interferon beta-1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0982234"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"145258-61-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Multiple sclerosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XRO4566Q4R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Interferon_Beta-1A"}]}}{"C100089":{"preferredName":"Interferon Gamma-1b","code":"C100089","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Actimmune","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN-g-1b","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN-gamma 1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFNg-1b","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON GAMMA-1B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon Gamma-1b","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Interferon Gamma-1b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon gamma-1b, Recombinant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N(Sup 2)-L-Methionyl-1-139-Interferon G","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N(sup 2)-L-Methionyl-1-139-interferon gamma (Human Lymphocyte Protein Moiety Reduced)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Gamma-1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gamma Interferon 1B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1579322"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"98059-61-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"21K6M2I7AG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784898"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784898"}]}}{"C66972":{"preferredName":"Interferon-gamma-expressing Adenovirus Vaccine ASN-002","code":"C66972","definitions":[{"description":"A replication-defective adenoviral serotype 5 vector encoding a recombinant form of the human cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), with potential antineoplastic and immunoregulatory activities. Upon intratumoral administration, the sustained expression of IFN-g by IFN-g-expressing adenovirus vaccine ASN-002 promotes a T-helper type 1 (Th1) immune response and inhibits the Th2-mediated cytokine production observed in many cutaneous lymphomas. IFN-g also mediates interleukin-12 (IL-12) production by antigen-presenting cells (APCs); activates macrophages, cytotoxic T-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells; upregulates major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules; and stimulates antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Altogether, these IFN-g-mediated effects may result in both an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. Compared to IFN-g injections, the prolonged local production of IFN-g at the tumor site allows for higher efficacy and a reduction of systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASN-002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ad-IFNg","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INFg-expressing Ad Vaccine ASN-002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon-gamma-expressing Adenovirus Vaccine ASN-002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG1042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832028"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530060"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530060"}]}}{"C15543":{"preferredName":"Interleukin Therapy","code":"C15543","definitions":[{"description":"The use of interleukin in the treatment of any disease or disorder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Interleukin Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281177"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Interleukin_Therapy"}]}}{"C2373":{"preferredName":"Interleukin-2 Liposome","code":"C2373","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation in which liposomes are loaded with the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2). By activating cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, such as lymphokine-activated killer cells, and increasing levels of the cytotoxic cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), IL-2 may exhibit antitumoral activity. Liposomal formulations of IL-2 may promote entry of the cytokine into target tumor cells and may be used as an immunoadjuvant in cancer vaccine therapy. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Interleukin-2 Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome encapsulated interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281031"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41486"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41486"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Interleukin-2_Liposome"}]}}{"C128107":{"preferredName":"Nemvaleukin Alfa","code":"C128107","definitions":[{"description":"A selective effector cell activator protein and agonist of the intermediate-affinity interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, nemvaleukin alfa binds to and signals through the intermediate-affinity IL-2 receptor complex; this may selectively stimulate and activate natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8 T-cells, leading to tumor cell elimination, while circumventing the activation of immunosuppressive cells that may prevent the anti-tumor response. IL-2 is a cytokine signaling molecule that plays a critical role in the immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALKS 4230","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intermediate-affinity IL-2R Agonist ALKS 4230","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intermediate-affinity Interleukin-2 Receptor Agonist ALKS 4230","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEMVALEUKIN ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nemvaleukin Alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nemvaleukin Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RDB 1450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RDB-1450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507938"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2315268-27-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7ZX1Q9SJ1F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782089"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782089"}]}}{"C61070":{"preferredName":"Intetumumab","code":"C61070","definitions":[{"description":"A pan alpha-v human monoclonal antibody that recognizes alpha-v beta-1, alpha-v beta-3, alpha-v beta-5, and alpha-v beta-6 integrins with antiangiogenic and antitumor activities. Intetumumab competitively binds to and blocks both alpha-v beta-3 and alpha-v beta-5 integrins, resulting in inhibition of integrin-mediated tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth. Integrins facilitate the adhesion of stimulated endothelial cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM); trigger the secretion of ECM-rearranging proteases; and propagate signaling events that promote the survival and differentiation of cells in newly formed vasculature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNTO 095","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNTO-95","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Anti-Alpha-5 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Monoclonal CNTO 95 gamma1 heavy chain (222-215')-disulfide with Human Monoclonal CNTO 95 kappa light chain dimer (228-228'':231-231'')-bisdisulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTETUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, anti-(human integrin alpha-V (vitronectin receptor subunit alpha or CD51))","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intetumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Intetumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881068"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"725735-28-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GQE1BJE2NI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473196"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473196"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Human_Anti-Alpha-5_Integrin_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C83820":{"preferredName":"Intiquinatine","code":"C83820","definitions":[{"description":"An antineoplastic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2R)-2-(4-((7-Bromoquinolin-2-yl)Oxy)Phenoxy)Propanoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTIQUINATINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Intiquinatine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tiliquinatine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827205"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"445041-75-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G5067X5156"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H14BrNO4"}]}}{"C1495":{"preferredName":"Intoplicine","code":"C1495","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that has been studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Intoplicine blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benzopyridoindole derivative with antineoplastic property. Intoplicine inhibits activities of both topoisomerase I and II via intercalating DNA helix, thereby hindering the movements of enzymes along DNA molecules during DNA transcription and replication, respectively. Furthermore, this agent stabilizes DNA-enzyme complexes during unwinding processes by both topoisomerases, leading to double- and single-stranded DNA breaks. Consequently, these effects bring about cell growth inhibition and apoptosis of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7H-benzo(e)pyrido(4,3-b)indol-3-ol, 11-((3-(dimethylamino)propyl)amino)-8-methyl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTOPLICINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Intoplicine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intoplicine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"intoplicine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"12570767"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"645008"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0217476"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"125974-72-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FB2CIN6HMI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43318"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43318"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H24N4O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intoplicine"}]}}{"C61506":{"preferredName":"Inulin","code":"C61506","definitions":[{"description":"Class of oligosaccharides produced by plants that are polymers mainly comprised of fructose (generally 2 to 140) units usually with a glucose end. These units are joined by beta-(2-1) glycosidic links.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A naturally occurring, indigestible and non-absorbable oligosaccharide produced by certain plants with prebiotic and potential anticancer activity. Inulin stimulates the growth of beneficial bacteria in the colon, including Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, thereby modulating the composition of microflora. This creates an environment that protects against pathogens, toxins and carcinogens, which can cause inflammation and cancer. In addition, fermentation of inulin leads to an increase in short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid production, thereby reducing colonic pH, which may further control pathogenic bacteria growth and may contribute to inulin's cancer protective properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Inulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Inulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021936"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9005-80-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JOS53KRJ01"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486745"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486745"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H32O16(C6H10O5)n"},{"name":"INFOODS","value":"INULN"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inulin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15443"}]}}{"C970":{"preferredName":"Iobenguane I-131","code":"C970","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive substance that is used in imaging tests, and is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of radiopharmaceutical.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An I 131 radioiodinated synthetic analogue of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. Iobenguane localizes to adrenergic tissue and, in radioiodinated forms, may be used to image or eradicate tumor cells that take up and metabolize norepinephrine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(131)I-MIBG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"131I-MIBG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"I 131 Meta-iodobenzylguanidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I-131 Metaiodobenzylguanidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IOBENGUANE I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iobenguane (131I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iobenguane I 131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iobenguane I-131","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iobenguane I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iobenguane I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Metaiodobenzylguanidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIBG I-131","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 metaiodobenzylguanidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879568"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"77679-27-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Diagnostic imaging; Neuroendocrine tumors."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q461L7AK4R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38020"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38020"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H10IN3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Meta-Iodobenzylguanidine"}]}}{"C2440":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 124 Monoclonal Antibody A33","code":"C2440","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) A33 labelled with Iodine 124 (I-124). MoAb A33 recognizes A33 antigen, a 43 KDa transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, highly and homogenously expressed in 95% of colorectal cancer metastases, with only restricted expression in normal colonic mucosa. I-124 MoAb A33 delivers beta particle emitting I-124 nuclide directly to metastatic colorectal tissues, thereby this agent could be used in kinetics studies or radioimmunotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 124 Monoclonal Antibody A33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 124 Monoclonal Antibody A33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 124 MOAB A33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677678"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42707"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42707"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"I_124_Monoclonal_Antibody_A33"}]}}{"C158629":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 124 Monoclonal Antibody M5A","code":"C158629","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of M5A, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEA or CEACAM5), labeled with iodine I 124 (I-124) with potential radiolocalization applications. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of iodine I 124 monoclonal antibody M5A specifically binds to cells expressing CEA. Upon binding, the radioisotope moiety can be detected using positron-emission tomography (PET), thereby allowing the imaging and quantification of CEA-expressing tumor cells. CEA, a tumor associated antigen and a member of the CEA family of proteins, plays a key role in cell migration, cell invasion, and cell adhesion and is overexpressed by a variety of cancer types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"124I-M5A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"124I-hT84.66-M5A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 124 Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody M5A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 124 Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody hT84.66-M5A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 124 Monoclonal Antibody M5A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 124 Monoclonal Antibody M5A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 124 Monoclonal Antibody hT84.66-M5A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL950662"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797482"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797482"}]}}{"C74051":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 125-Anti-EGFR-425 Monoclonal Antibody","code":"C74051","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) labeled with iodine I 125 with potential antineoplastic activity. Iodine I 125 anti-EGFR-425 monoclonal antibody binds specifically to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Upon binding to EGFR-expressing tumor cells, this agent is internalized, selectively delivering a potentially cytotoxic dose of gamma radiation. EGFR is a receptor tyrosine kinase that may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Iodine I 125-Anti-EGFR-425 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383810"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586304"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586304"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Iodine_I_125-Anti-EGFR-425_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C91389":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Anti-Fibronectin Antibody Fragment L19-SIP","code":"C91389","definitions":[{"description":"An iodine 131 radioimmunoconjugate of a small immunoprotein (SIP), derived from the variable region fragment of human monoclonal antibody L19, that is directed against the extra-domain B (ED-B) of fibronectin, with potential radioimmunotherapeutic activity. The SIP moiety of iodine I 131 anti-fibronectin antibody fragment L19-SIP binds to the ED-B domain of fibronectin on tumor cells in the tumor neovasculature. Upon internalization, the I 131 radionuclide may selectively detect or deliver cytotoxic radiation to fibronectin-expressing tumor cells. ED-B of fibronectin, a naturally occurring marker of tissue remodeling and angiogenesis, is expressed in the majority of aggressive solid human tumors, whereas it is not detectable in normal vessels and tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Anti-Fibronectin Antibody Fragment L19-SIP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L19-SIP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421588"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674133"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674133"}]}}{"C2223":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Derlotuximab Biotin","code":"C2223","definitions":[{"description":"An iodine 131 labeled radioimmunoconjugate of monoclonal antibody (MOAB) TNT-1/B with radioimaging and antineoplastic properties. MOAB TNT-1/B was developed for radioimmunotherapy of solid tumors, designated as Tumor Necrosis Treatment (TNT). TNT exploits the presence of degenerating and necrotic cells within tumors by utilizing MOAbs directed against universal, intracellular nucleosomal determinants consisting of histone H1 and DNA. This MOAB was conjugated with biotin (B) molecules, which increase pharmacokinetic performance of the monoclonal antibody. Upon administration, iodine I 131 derlotuximab biotin delivers I 131 to tumor cells and results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells with exposed necrotic antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cotara","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 MOAB TNT-1/B","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody TNT-1/B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IODINE I-131 DERLOTUXIMAB BIOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Derlotuximab Biotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Derlotuximab Biotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 MOAB TNT-1/B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879273"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"340013-96-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1724UJB90B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43561"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43561"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_TNT-1_B"}]}}{"C2696":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Ethiodized Oil","code":"C2696","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive substance being studied in the treatment of liver cancer. It is a form of poppy seed oil that contains iodine, some of which is the radioactive substance iodine I 131. It builds up in the blood and lymph vessels in the liver and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of radiopharmaceutical.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cytotoxic radioconjugate consisting of lipiodol, an iodinated ethyl ester derived from poppy seed oil, labeled with iodine 131 (I-131). I-131 Lipiodol accumulates in hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma tumor cells, resulting in targeted cytotoxicity to tumor cells while sparing surrounding normal cells and tissues. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131 I-Ethiodized Oil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Lipiodol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Ethiodized Oil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Lipiodol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipiocis","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 Lipiodol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 ethiodized oil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527224"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38497"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38497"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"I_131_Lipiodol"}]}}{"C131821":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 MIP-1095","code":"C131821","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate composed of MIP-1095, a urea-based ligand for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radiolabeled with iodine I 131 (I131), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of iodine I 131 MIP-1095, the MIP-1095 moiety selectively targets and binds to the extracellular domain of PSMA, thereby delivering cytotoxic iodine I 131 specifically to PSMA-expressing cancer cells. PSMA is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is highly expressed by malignant prostate epithelial cells and certain other tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"((S)-2-(3-((S)-1-carboxy-5-(3-(4-[(131)I]iodophenyl)ureido)pentyl)ureido)pentanedioic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(131) I-MIP-1095","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"131I-MIP-1095","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I-131 MIP-1095","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 MIP-1095","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 MIP-1095","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIP-1095 I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MIP-1095 I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514422"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7DM27RQ9V0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786538"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786538"}]}}{"C2488":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","code":"C2488","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of 81C6, a murine IgG2 anti-tenascin monoclonal antibody labeled with iodine 131 (I-131), with radioimaging and radioimmunotherapeutic activities. Using monoclonal antibody 81C6 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells expressing tenascin. Tenascin is an extracellular matrix protein which is overexpressed in gliomas and other cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"81C6-I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IODINE I-131 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY 81C6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuradiab","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 MOAB 81C6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796329"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1000874-23-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D4E1UP3RMV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43146"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43146"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_81C6"}]}}{"C2527":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Apamistamab","code":"C2527","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that contains the radioactive substance iodine I131. It is being studied in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to cancer cells. Iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody BC8 binds to the protein CD45, which is found on most white blood cells and myeloid and lymphoid leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of BC8, a murine IgG1 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody labeled with iodine 131 (I-131), with radioimmunotherapeutic properties. Using monoclonal antibody BC8 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted destruction of cells expressing CD45. CD45 is tyrosine phosphatase expressed on virtually all leukocytes, including myeloid and lymphoid precursors in bone marrow and mature lymphocytes in lymph nodes; it is also expressed on most myeloid and lymphoid leukemic cells, but not on mature erythrocytes or platelets. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 131 MOAB BC8","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody BC8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IODINE I-131 APAMISTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iodine (131I) Apamistamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine (131I) Apamistamab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Apamistamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iomab-B","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOAB BC8, iodine I 131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 MOAB BC8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody BC8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody BC8, iodine I 131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796627"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2097132-02-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"71RR81V666"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43463"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43463"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_BC8"}]}}{"C2697":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49-deltaCH2","code":"C2697","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the humanized CH2 domain-deleted monoclonal antibody CC49 and iodine I 131 with antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody CC49-deltaCH2 targets the tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG-72) that is expressed by a wide range of human neoplasms including colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, ovarian, endometrial, breast, non-small cell lung, and prostate cancers. Iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody CC49-deltaCH2 binds to tumor cells expressing TAG-72, selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta and gamma radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131I-HuCC49-deltaCH2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"131I-MOAB CC49-deltaCH2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I131 MOAB CC49-deltaCH2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49-deltaCH2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49-deltaCH2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134477"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453590"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453590"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Iodine_I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_CC49-deltaCH2"}]}}{"C95025":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody F16SIP","code":"C95025","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human A1 domain of tenascin-C, in small immunoprotein (SIP) format conjugated with iodine 131 with potential antineoplastic activity. Iodine I 131 MoAb F16SIP binds to tenascin-C on the vascular tissues and delivers cytotoxic radiation to the tumors, thereby minimizing systemic radiotoxicity. Tenascin-C is a glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix, and the large isoform of this matrix protein is expressed and restricted around vascular structures in the tumor stroma of a variety of different tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(131I) Monoclonal Antibody F16SIP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"131I-F16SIP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F16-131I","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody F16SIP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tenarad","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986856"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689747"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689747"}]}}{"C2449":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody G-250","code":"C2449","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of the chimeric monoclonal antibody G-250 conjugated with iodine I 131 with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of iodine I 131 chimeric monoclonal antibody G-250 binds to G-250, a renal-cell carcinoma-associated antigen, delivering cytotoxic iodine I 131 specifically to renal carcinoma cells that express G-250.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody G-250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody G-250","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 MOAB G 250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 MOAB G-250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 MOAB G250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody G250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677789"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42854"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42854"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_G-250"}]}}{"C2604":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody muJ591","code":"C2604","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a mouse monoclonal antibody (MoAb) J591 labeled with Iodine 131 (I-131). MoAb muJ591 recognizes the extracellular domain of the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and reacts with tumor vascular endothelium. Using MoAb muJ591 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells overexpressed PSM.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody muJ591","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935700"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38113"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38113"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Iodine_I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_muJ591"}]}}{"C48400":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Omburtamab","code":"C48400","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the iodine 131-radiolabeled murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody 8H9 directed against the surface immunomodulatory glycoprotein 4Ig-B7-H3 with potential radioimaging and radioimmunotherapeutic uses. Iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody 8H9 binds to 4Ig-B7-H3 (human B7-H3 with 4 Ig-like domains) and may be used to radioimage and/or destroy tumor cells that express tenascin. 4Ig-B7-H3 inhibits T-cell activation and the production of effector cytokines such as interferon-gamma and interleukin-4; it is expressed on the cell membranes of a wide variety of tumors of neuroectodermal, mesenchymal and epithelial origin and is highly expressed on monocyte-derived dendritic cells (mdDCs). In vitro, it has been shown that monoclonal antibody-mediated masking of 4Ig-B7-H3 on neuroblastoma cells resulted in the enhancement of natural killer (NK)-mediated lysis of target cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Iodine I 131 MOAB 8H9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Omburtamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Omburtamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMBURTAMAB I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541591"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B6PMV8U3C4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"380753"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"380753"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Iodine_I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_8H9"}]}}{"C102981":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Rituximab","code":"C102981","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of rituximab, a recombinant chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, and labeled with iodine I 131 with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of iodine I 131 rituximab binds to the CD20 antigen thereby delivering cytotoxic iodine I 131 specifically to cancer cells expressing CD20. The CD20 antigen, a hydrophobic transmembrane protein, is expressed on normal pre-B and mature B lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(131)I-Rituximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"131I-Rituxan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Rituximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RITUXIMAB I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1676077"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K2I4B6I9L1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739942"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739942"}]}}{"C124996":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Tenatumomab","code":"C124996","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of tenatumomab, a murine monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) tenascin-C (TNC), labeled with iodine I 131, with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of iodine I 131 tenatumomab binds to TNC, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of iodine I 131 specifically to tumors expressing TNC. TNC, an extracellular matrix protein, is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types; it plays a key role in invasion, tumor cell proliferation and immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131I-Tenatumomab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Tenatumomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503842"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777273"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777273"}]}}{"C48263":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 TM-601","code":"C48263","definitions":[{"description":"An iodine 131 (I 131) radioconjugate of the synthetic chlorotoxin (CTX) TM-601 with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. CTX is a 36 amino acid neurotoxin found in the venom of the giant yellow scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus that preferentially binds malignant cells of neuroectodermal origin. The recombinant version of this peptide, TM-601, is expressed in and purified from E. coli and then covalently linked to I 131 to produce 131I-TM-601. 131I-TM-601 binds to tumor cells of neuroectodermal origin and is internalized; administered once, it may be used as a radioimaging agent; repeated administration may result in a tumor-specific, cumulative radiocytotoxic dose of I 131. In addition, TM-601 alone, similar to native CTX, may inhibit angiogenesis due to its ability to bind to and inhibit matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), an endopeptidase involved in tissue remodeling processes such as angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131I-Chlorotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"131I-TM-601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"131I-TM601","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 TM-601","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 TM-601","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 TM-601","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2316450"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"440314"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"440314"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"I_131_TM-601"}]}}{"C2444":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 Tositumomab","code":"C2444","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody (tositumomab) that has been chemically changed by adding radioactive iodine, and that is used in the treatment of certain types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It belongs to the family of drugs called radioconjugated monoclonal antibodies. When iodine I 131 tositumomab and tositumomab are given together, the combination is called the Bexxar regimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 protein expressed on the surface of B-lymphocytes and radiolabeled with the radioisotope iodine I 131 with potential antineoplastic activity. Iodine I 131 tositumomab binds to and selectively delivers cyctotoxic radiation to CD20-expressing B-lymphocytes, thereby minimizing systemic radiotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131-I-Anti-B1 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bexxar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Monoclonal Antibody Anti-B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Tositumomab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I131-MOAB-B1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 MOAB Anti-B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody Anti-B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Tositumomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Tositumomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine-131 Anti-B1 Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine-131 Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine-131 Tositumomab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOSITUMOMAB I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"iodine I 131 tositumomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"715813"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0768182"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"192391-48-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"CD-20-antigen-expressing, relapsed or refractory, low-grade, follicular, or transformed Non-Hodgkins lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K1KT5M40JC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42806"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42806"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"I_131_Monoclonal_Antibody_Anti-B1"}]}}{"C1639":{"preferredName":"Iodine I-131","code":"C1639","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive isotope of iodine with an atomic mass of 131, a half life of eight days, and potential antineoplastic activity. Selectively accumulating in the thyroid gland, iodine I 131 emits beta and gamma particles, thereby killing thyroid cells and decreasing thyroid hormone production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131-Iodine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bound Iodide I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I-131","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IODINE I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iodide I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodide, I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine 131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I-131","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iodine I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Iodotope","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodotrope","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0303029"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10043-66-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hyperthyroidism"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I5X6L61HUT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43630"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43630"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"I"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Iodine_131"}]}}{"C80056":{"preferredName":"Ioflubenzamide I-131","code":"C80056","definitions":[{"description":"An iodine 131-radiolabeled small-molecule benzamide compound with potential antineoplastic activity. The benzamide moiety of 131-I-MIP-1145 binds to melanin, selectively delivering a cyotoxic dose of gamma and beta radiation to melanin-expressing tumor cells. Melanin pigments, polymer derivatives of the amino acid tyrosine, are over-expressed in approximately 40% of melanomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IOFLUBENZAMIDE I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ioflubenzamide (131I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ioflubenzamide I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIP-1145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-4-((4-fluorobenzoyl)amino)-5-((sup 131)I)iodo-2-methoxybenzamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2934646"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1214283-52-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"65O1D58Z6V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615097"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615097"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H25FIN3O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Iodine_I_131_MIP-1145"}]}}{"C596":{"preferredName":"Ionomycin","code":"C596","definitions":[{"description":"A polyether antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces conglobatus sp. nov. Trejo with antineoplastic activity. Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that increases intracellular Ca++ levels, possibly relating to endonuclease activation of lymphocytes and decreased ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax and ultimately apoptosis. In addition, this agent is used to investigate the role of intracellular calcium in cellular processes. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IONOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ionomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ionomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022020"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"56092-81-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"54V905V6AT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43046"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43046"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ionomycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63954"}]}}{"C102565":{"preferredName":"Ipafricept","code":"C102565","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary fusion protein comprised of the cysteine-rich domain of frizzled family receptor 8 (Fzd8) fused to the human immunoglobulin Fc domain with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, ipafricept competes with the membrane-bound Fzd8 receptor for its ligand, Wnt proteins, thereby antagonizing Wnt signaling. This may result in the inhibition of Wnt-driven tumor growth. Fzd8, a member of the Frizzled family of G protein-coupled receptors, is one of the components in the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway that plays key roles in embryogenesis and cancer growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fusion Protein For Immune Applications (fpia) Comprising Homo Sapiens FZD8 (Frizzled Family Receptor 8, Frizzled-8) Extracellular Domain, Fused With Homo Sapiens Immunoglobulin G1 Fc Fragment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fzd8-Fc","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPAFRICEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ipafricept","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ipafricept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP 54F28","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP-54F28","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17545618"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4049114"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1391727-24-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2N71QUE3NL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734935"}]}}{"C91072":{"preferredName":"Ipatasertib","code":"C91072","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ipatasertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt in a non-ATP-competitive manner, which may result in the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-((5r,7r)-7-hydroxy-5-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5h-cyclopenta(d)pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl(-3-((propan-2-yl)amino)propan-1-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0068","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPATASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ipatasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ipatasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7440","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984014"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1001264-89-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"524Y3IB4HQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"669600"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"669600"}]}}{"C2654":{"preferredName":"Ipilimumab","code":"C2654","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of certain types of cancer. Ipilimumab is made in the laboratory and binds to the molecule CTLA-4 on T cells (a type of white blood cell). Ipilimumab may block CTLA-4 and help the immune system kill cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Ipilimumab binds to CTLA4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen-4 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-734016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPILIMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ipilimumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ipilimumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ipilimumab Biosimilar CS1002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MDX-CTLA4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yervoy","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ipilimumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"732442"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"720801"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1367202"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"477202-00-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6T8C155666"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38447"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38447"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-Cytotoxic_T-Lymphocyte-Associated_Antigen-4_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C976":{"preferredName":"Ipomeanol","code":"C976","definitions":[{"description":"A natural toxic furan isolated from a fungus-infected sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ipomeanol is activated by mixed function oxidases in vivo to its epoxide form, an alkylating agent that covalently binds cell macromolecules. This agent causes cell death by a p53-independent mechanism. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(3-Furanyl)-4-hydroxy-1-pentanone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"1-(3-furanyl)-4-hydroxy-1-pentanone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Pentanone, 1-(3-furanyl)-4-hydroxy-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-Ipomeanol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-ipomeanol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ipomeanol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"349438"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048420"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"32954-58-8"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38852"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38852"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ipomeanol"}]}}{"C1070":{"preferredName":"Iproplatin","code":"C1070","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic second-generation platinum-containing compound related to cisplatin. Iproplatin binds to and forms DNA crosslinks and platinum-DNA adducts, resulting in DNA replication failure and cell death. Although less prone to glutathione inactivation compared to cisplatin, resistance to this agent has been observed in vitro due to repair of platination damage by tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(OC-6-33)-dichlorodihydroxybis(2-propanamine)platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHIP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diisopropylammine-trans-dihydroxymalonatoplatinum(IV)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPROPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iproplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JM-9","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum, dichlorodihydroxybis(2-propanamine)-, (oc-6-33)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"256927"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0057856"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83291-20-7"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"62928-11-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5R9F9NE9Z2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39183"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39183"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C3H9N.2Cl.Pt.2HO"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Iproplatin"}]}}{"C164140":{"preferredName":"iPSC-derived CD16-expressing Natural Killer Cells FT516","code":"C164140","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic, off-the-shelf, natural killer (NK) cell product derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, and engineered to express a high-affinity, non-cleavable CD16 (hnCD16) Fc receptor, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon administration, iPSC-derived CD16-expressing NK cells FT516 bind to the Fc portion of tumor cell-bound monoclonal antibodies and activate NK cell activation, cytokine secretion and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). CD16, also known as Fc-gamma receptor III, is normally expressed on the surface of NK cells, neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages, and plays a key role in initiating ADCC. It is often downregulated in certain cancers, thereby inhibiting the anti-tumor immune response. FT516 NK cells' hnCD16 Fc receptor prevents downregulation and optimizes binding to tumor-targeting antibodies for enhanced ADCC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FT 516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT-516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived CD16-expressing NK Cells FT516","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived CD16-expressing Natural Killer Cells FT516","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iPSC-derived CD16-expressing Natural Killer Cells FT516","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"iPSC-derived CD16-expressing Natural Killer Cells FT516","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977336"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799446"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799446"}]}}{"C158438":{"preferredName":"iPSC-derived Natural Killer Cells FT500","code":"C158438","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of off-the-shelf, natural killer (NK) cells derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon administration, iPSC-derived natural killer cells FT500 bind to stress-induced ligands on tumor cells, leading to tumor cell lysis and release of tumor neoantigens. Additionally, iPSC-NK cells secrete inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), C-C motif chemokines 3, 4, and 22 (CCL3, CCL4, and CCL22), and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), thereby enhancing T-cell activity and recruitment to the tumor site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FT 500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT-500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Natural Killer Cells FT500","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iPSC-NK Cells FT500","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iPSC-derived NK Cells FT500","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iPSC-derived Natural Killer Cells FT500","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"iPSC-derived Natural Killer Cells FT500","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937880"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801298"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801298"}]}}{"C148455":{"preferredName":"IRAK4 Inhibitor CA-4948","code":"C148455","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, reversible inhibitor of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), with potential antineoplastic, immunomodulating and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon oral administration, CA-4948 targets, binds to, and blocks the kinase activity of IRAK4. This inhibits IRAK4-mediated signaling, prevents the activation of IRAK4-mediated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) signaling and decreases the expression of inflammatory cytokines and certain pro-survival factors. This inhibits proliferation of IRAK4-overactivated tumor cells, which are found in cells harboring MYD88 activating mutations or those with overactivated toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways. In addition, CA-4948 may inhibit inflammation and immune-mediated cell destruction in inflammatory and auto-immune diseases where TLR or interleukin 1 receptor (IL-1R) signaling is overactivated and MYD88 is dysregulated. IRAK4, a serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays a key role in both the TLR and IL-1R signaling pathways, is activated though the adaptor protein MYD88 and links the TLR and IL-1R signaling pathway to the NF-kB pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AU 4948","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA 4948","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA-4948","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA4948","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRAK4 Inhibitor CA-4948","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IRAK4 Inhibitor CA-4948","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-1 Receptor-associated Kinase 4 Inhibitor CA-4948","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551081"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1801343-74-7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794871"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794871"}]}}{"C26441":{"preferredName":"Iratumumab","code":"C26441","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of some lymphomas. Monoclonal antibodies are produced in the laboratory and can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. MDX-060 is a fully humanized antibody that targets CD30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily found on activated lymphocytes. CD30 is over-expressed in various lymphoproliferative disorders, Hodgkin disease and other lymphomas, and other cancers. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IRATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iratumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iratumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-060","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-060","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody MDX-060","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327954"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"640735-09-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AYH22O1B1U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"301900"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"301900"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MDX-060_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C104270":{"preferredName":"Iridium Ir 192","code":"C104270","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive isotope of iridium. Iridium-192 emits gamma rays and has a half-life of 74 days. A high dose rate of this radioisotope can be used in brachytherapy to treat tumors by selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of radiation to the tumor site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IRIDIUM IR-192","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ir-192","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iridium Ir 192","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iridium-192","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0303472"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"064LI0IBFL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744818"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744818"}]}}{"C62040":{"preferredName":"Irinotecan","code":"C62040","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used alone or with other drugs to treat colon cancer or rectal cancer that has spread to other parts of the body or has come back after treatment with fluorouracil. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Irinotecan blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor and a type of camptothecin analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminata. Irinotecan, a prodrug, is converted to a biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) by a carboxylesterase-converting enzyme. One thousand-fold more potent than its parent compound irinotecan, SN-38 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks that inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptotic cell death. Because ongoing DNA synthesis is necessary for irinotecan to exert its cytotoxic effects, it is classified as an S-phase-specific agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-(4S)-4,11-diethyl-4-hydroxy-9-[(4-piperidino-piperidino)carbonyloxy]-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinol-3,14,(4H,12H)-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(+)-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecine 10-[1,4'-bipiperidine]-1'-carboxylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-piperidino]carbonyloxycamptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRINOTECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Irinotecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Irinotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irinotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"[1,4'-bipiperidine]-1'-carboxylic acid (S)-4,11-diethyl-3,4,12,14-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-3,14-dioxo-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinolin-9-yl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"irinotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"728073"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"616348"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0123931"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"97682-44-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7673326042"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H38N4O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Irinotecan_Base"}]}}{"C1381":{"preferredName":"Irinotecan Hydrochloride","code":"C1381","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used alone or with other drugs to treat colon cancer or rectal cancer that has spread to other parts of the body or has come back after treatment with fluorouracil. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Camptosar blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor and a type of camptothecin analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminata. Irinotecan, a prodrug, is converted to a biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) by a carboxylesterase-converting enzyme. One thousand-fold more potent than its parent compound irinotecan, SN-38 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks that inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptotic cell death. Because ongoing DNA synthesis is necessary for irinotecan to exert its cytotoxic effects, it is classified as an S-phase-specific agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPT 11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CPT 11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CPT-11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Campto","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptosar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptosar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Camptosar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Camptothecin 11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Camptothecin-11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRINOTECAN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Irinomedac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irinotecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Irinotecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irinotecan Hydrochloride Trihydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irinotecan Monohydrochloride Trihydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-101440E","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"irinotecan hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0594375"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"136572-09-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"State IVB Cervical cancer; Colorectal cancer; Esophageal cancer; Gastric cancer; Non-small cell lung cancer; Small cell lung cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"042LAQ1IIS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41714"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41714"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H38N4O6.HCl.3H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Irinotecan"}]}}{"C82682":{"preferredName":"Irinotecan-Eluting Beads","code":"C82682","definitions":[{"description":"Microporous hydrospheres of polyvinylalcohol (PVA) impregnated with irinotecan with potential antineoplastic activity. In transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), irinotecan-eluting beads are administered into blood vessels that feed the tumor, occluding tumor blood vessels and inducing ischemic tumor necrosis while simultaneously delivering high-dose chemotherapy locally. Irinotecan, a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks that inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptotic cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CM-BC2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irinotecan Hydrochloride Drug-eluting Beads","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irinotecan-Eluting Beads","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Irinotecan-Eluting Beads","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388467"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632992"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632992"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Irinotecan-Eluting_Beads"}]}}{"C88280":{"preferredName":"Irinotecan/P-glycoprotein Inhibitor HM30181AK Combination Tablet","code":"C88280","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable combination tablet containing the semisynthetic camptothecin derivative irinotecan and the multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor HM30181AK, with potential antineoplastic activity. HM30181A binds to P-gp and prevents the P-gp-mediated efflux of irinotecan from tumor cells, which may result in greater intracellular concentrations of irinotecan and enhanced cytotoxicity. Retained intracellularly, the prodrug irinotecan is converted, by a carboxylesterase-converting enzyme, to the biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38). SN-38 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks that inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptotic cell death. P-gp, encoded by the MDR-1 gene, is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily of transmembrane transporters and is overexpressed by some MDR tumors, preventing the intracellular accumulation of various cytotoxic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Irinotecan/P-glycoprotein Inhibitor HM30181AK Combination Tablet","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oratecan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412470"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656527"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656527"}]}}{"C1717":{"preferredName":"Irofulven","code":"C1717","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Irofulven attaches to the cell's DNA and may block cancer cell growth. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic sesquiterpene derivative of illudin S, a natural toxin isolated from the fungus Omphalotus illudens. Irofulven alkylates DNA and protein macromolecules, forms adducts, and arrests cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle. This agent requires NADPH-dependent metabolism by alkenal/one oxidoreductase for activity. Irofulven is more active in vitro against tumor cells of epithelial origin and is more resistant to deactivation by p53 loss and MDR1 than other alkylating agents. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-6'-Hydroxy-3'-(hydroxymethyl)-2',4',6'-trimethylspiro(cyclopropane-1,5'(5H)-inden)-7'(6'H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Hydroxymethylacylfulvene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Hydroxymethylacylfulvene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-hydroxymethylacylfulvene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HMAF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMAF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hydroxymethylacylfulvene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IROFULVEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Irofulven","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Irofulven","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Irofulven","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGI 114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGI-114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"irofulven","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"683863"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0532362"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"158440-71-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6B799IH05A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43097"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43097"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H18O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Irofulven"}]}}{"C79827":{"preferredName":"Irosustat","code":"C79827","definitions":[{"description":"Steroid sulfatase inhibitor BN 83495 selectively binds to and inhibits steroid sulfatase (STS), which may inhibit the production of locally active estrogens and so inhibit estrogen-dependent cell growth in tumor cells, such as those of the breast, ovary, and endometrium. STS is a cytoplasmic enzyme responsible for the conversion of circulating inactive estrone sulfate and estradiol sulfate to biologically active unconjugated estrone and estradiol, respectively.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"667 Coumate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BN83495","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IROSUSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Irosustat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Irosustat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STX 64","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Steroid Sulfatase Inhibitor BN 83495","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3853843"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"288628-05-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"366037O6O7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626715"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626715"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H15NO5S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Steroid_Sulfatase_Inhibitor_BN_83495"}]}}{"C90578":{"preferredName":"Isatuximab","code":"C90578","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. Isatuximab specifically binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. This may trigger antitumoral antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and apoptosis eventually leading to cell lysis in CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies, and its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hu 38SB19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISATUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human CD38 Antigen) (Human-mus musculus Monoclonal HU38SB19 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-mus musculus Monoclonal HU38SB19 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isatuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Isatuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isatuximab-irfc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 650984","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR650984","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarclisa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983777"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1461640-62-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R30772KCU0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"668181"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"668181"}]}}{"C97332":{"preferredName":"Iso-fludelone","code":"C97332","definitions":[{"description":"A third-generation epothilone B analogue with potential anti-mitotic and antineoplastic activites. Iso-fludelone binds to tubulin and induces microtubule polymerization and stabilizes microtubules against depolymerization, which may result in the inhibition of cell division, the induction of G2/M arrest, and apoptosis. Compared to other generations of epothilones, iso-fludelone exhibits increased stability, water solubility, potency, duration of action, tumor penetration as well as reduced toxicity. In addition, this agent is a not a substrate of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a multidrug resistance pump often overexpressed in cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-Iso-oxazole-26-F3-9,10-dehydro-12,13-desoxy-epothilone B","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Iso-oxazole-fludelone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iso-fludelone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iso-fludelone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KOS-1803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KOSN-1724","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"KOSN-1724","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429824"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6MUO20693U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703135"}]}}{"C1774":{"preferredName":"Isobrucein B","code":"C1774","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the tropical plant Cedronia granatensis with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Isobrucein B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"238181"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0653458"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53663-03-9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Isobrucein_B"}]}}{"C1888":{"preferredName":"Isocoumarin NM-3","code":"C1888","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antiangiogenic isocoumarin with potential antineoplastic activity. NM-3 inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic growth factor, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation. This agent also induces apoptosis by a mechanism involving reactive oxygen species. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Isocoumarin NM-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NM-3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NM-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1122058"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5797K23F95"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355804"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355804"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"NM-3"}]}}{"C603":{"preferredName":"Isotretinoin","code":"C603","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used in the treatment of acne and psoriasis and is being studied in cancer prevention. It is a type of retinoid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally-occurring retinoic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Isotretinoin binds to and activates nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs); activated RARs serve as transcription factors that promote cell differentiation and apoptosis. This agent also exhibits immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory responses and inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, thereby decreasing polyamine synthesis and keratinization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"13-cRA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"13-cis retinoic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"13-cis-Retinoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"13-cis-Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"13-cis-Vitamin A Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)2-cis-4-trans-6-trans-8-trans-nonatetraenoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Absorica","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Accure","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Accutane","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amnesteem","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cistane","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Claravis","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISOTRETINOIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Isotretinoin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Isotretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Isotretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isotretinoinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isotrex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isotrexin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myorisan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neovitamin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neovitamin A Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oratane","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinoicacid-13-cis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 4-3780","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro-4-3780","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Roaccutan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Roaccutane","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Roacutan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sotret","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZENATANE","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"isotretinoin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"329481"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022265"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4759-48-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Severe recalcitrant nodular acne; psoriasis; cornification disorders; cutaneous T-cell lymphoma; juvenile metastatic neuroblastoma and leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EH28UP18IF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42657"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42657"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H28O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Isotretinoin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6067"}]}}{"C38131":{"preferredName":"Ispinesib","code":"C38131","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Ispinesib blocks a protein that tumor cells need to divide. It is a type of mitotic inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic small molecule, derived from quinazolinone, with antineoplastic properties. Ispinesib selectively inhibits the mitotic motor protein, kinesin spindle protein (KSP), resulting in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest during the mitotic phase, and cell death in tumor cells that are actively dividing. Because KSP is not involved in nonmitotic processes, such as neuronal transport, ispinesib may be less likely to cause the peripheral neuropathy often associated with the tubulin-targeting agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CK0238273","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISPINESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ispinesib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ispinesib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-715992","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-715992","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"SB-715992","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ispinesib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"727990"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527260"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"336113-53-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BKT5F9C2NI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391236"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391236"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H33ClN4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SB-715992"}]}}{"C77518":{"preferredName":"Ispinesib Mesylate","code":"C77518","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt form of ispinesib, a synthetic small molecule, derived from quinazolinone, and kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity. Ispinesib selectively inhibits KSP and prevents its binding to microtubules, resulting in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest during the M-phase, and cell death in tumor cells that are actively dividing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ISPINESIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ispinesib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2697824"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"514820-03-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R6ZMD4UH3D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H33ClN4O2.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ispinesib_Mesylate"}]}}{"C61080":{"preferredName":"ISS 1018 CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide","code":"C61080","definitions":[{"description":"A short, synthetic, unmethylated CpG motif-based oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN) with immunostimulatory activity. As an immunostimulatory sequence (ISS) that signals through Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), ISS 1018 CpG ODN induces the production of immunoglobulin by B cells and interferon (IFN) -alpha, IFN-beta, interleukin (IL) -12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -alpha by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC). pDC, through cell-cell contact, and IFN-alpha and -beta, in turn, induce natural killer (NK) cell proliferation, NK cell production of IFN-gamma, and NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity; secreted IFNs also stimulate bystander T cell activation and differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into T-helper 1 cells on specific antigen challenge. In addition, ISS 1018 CpG ODN promotes antigen presentation and co-stimulatory molecule expression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1018 ISS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"1018 ISS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPG 1018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA, D(P-THIO)(T-G-A-C-T-G-T-G-A-A-C-G-T-T-C-G-A-G-A-T-G-A)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISS 1018 CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1506199"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"25DT549L0G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"474964"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"474964"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ISS1018_Oligodeoxynucleotide"}]}}{"C116855":{"preferredName":"Itacitinib","code":"C116855","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1) with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, itacitinib selectively inhibits JAK-1, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins and the production of proinflammatory factors induced by other cytokines, including interleukin-23 (IL-23) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The JAK-STAT pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is involved in cellular proliferation, growth, hematopoiesis, and the immune response; JAK kinases may be upregulated in inflammatory diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, and various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Azetidineacetonitrile, 1-(1-((3-Fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyridinyl)carbonyl)-4-piperidinyl)-3-(4-(7H-pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 039110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-039110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB039110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ITACITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Itacitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Itacitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896836"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1334298-90-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"19J3781LPM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740328"}]}}{"C158906":{"preferredName":"Itacitinib Adipate","code":"C158906","definitions":[{"description":"The adipate salt form of itacitinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1) with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, itacitinib selectively inhibits JAK-1, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins and the production of proinflammatory factors induced by other cytokines, including interleukin-23 (IL-23) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The JAK-STAT pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is involved in cellular proliferation, growth, hematopoiesis, and the immune response; JAK kinases may be upregulated in inflammatory diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, and various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INCB-039110 Adipate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB039110 Adipate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ITACITINIB ADIPATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Itacitinib Adipate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Itacitinib Adipate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL950797"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1334302-63-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XZG407XE0Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740328"}]}}{"C162010":{"preferredName":"ITK Inhibitor CPI-818","code":"C162010","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small-molecule, irreversible inhibitor of interleukin-2 inducible T-cell kinase (ITK) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ITK inhibitor CPI-818 selectively and covalently binds to the cysteine residue at position 442 (CYS-442) of ITK, thereby disrupting ITK-mediated signal transduction, while sparing tyrosine-protein kinase TXK (resting lymphocyte kinase, RLK) activity. This may abrogate T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling through ITK and inhibit TCR-induced proliferation of malignant T-cells. Additionally, inhibiting ITK activation may prevent the upregulation of GATA-3, a transcription factor that drives T-helper 2 (Th2) cell differentiation and is overexpressed in certain T-cell lymphomas. Thus, selective inhibition of ITK may inhibit Th2 responses without affecting T-helper 1 (Th1)-dependent immunity. ITK, a member of the Tec family of non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases plays a significant role in the T-cell development, differentiation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPI 818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI-818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ITK Inhibitor CPI-818","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ITK Inhibitor CPI-818","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-2 Inducible T-cell Kinase Inhibitor CPI-818","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970662"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798593"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798593"}]}}{"C104048":{"preferredName":"Itraconazole Dispersion In Polymer Matrix","code":"C104048","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary oral formulation composed of the poorly soluble, synthetic triazole agent, itraconazole, dispersed in a polymer matrix, with antifungal and potential anti-angiogenic activities. Upon oral administration, itraconazole inhibits the enzyme cytochrome P450 lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase, resulting in a decrease in fungal ergosterol synthesis. Although the exact mechanism through which itraconazole inhibits angiogenesis has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to inhibit the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, cholesterol synthesis and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in endothelial cells. This agent may also prevent the activation of and signaling by various angiogenic growth factors. By decreasing the tumor vasculature and nutrient supply, itraconazole ultimately inhibits tumor cell growth. The solid dispersion of itraconazole in the polymer matrix enhances dissolution of itraconazole in the gastrointestinal tract and increases its bioavailability; this allows for the administration of a much lower dose compared to itraconazole alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Itraconazole Dispersion In Polymer Matrix","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Itraconazole Dispersion In Polymer Matrix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SUBA-Itraconazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL439067"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744267"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744267"}]}}{"C114383":{"preferredName":"Ivosidenib","code":"C114383","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, AG-120 specifically inhibits a mutated form of IDH1 in the cytoplasm, which inhibits the formation of the oncometabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). This may lead to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in IDH1-expressing tumor cells. IDH1, an enzyme in the citric acid cycle, is mutated in a variety of cancers; it initiates and drives cancer growth by both blocking cell differentiation and catalyzing the formation of 2HG.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG-120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IVOSIDENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ivosidenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ivosidenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tibsovo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471818"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1448347-49-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"newly-diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a susceptible IDH1 mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q2PCN8MAM6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758551"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758551"}]}}{"C37452":{"preferredName":"Ixabepilone","code":"C37452","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer that has not improved after treatment with certain other anticancer drugs. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Ixempra stops the growth of tumor cells by blocking cell division. It is a type of epothilone analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable semisynthetic analogue of epothilone B with antineoplastic activity. Ixabepilone binds to tubulin and promotes tubulin polymerization and microtubule stabilization, thereby arresting cells in the G2-M phase of the cell cycle and inducing tumor cell apoptosis. This agent demonstrates antineoplastic activity against taxane-resistant cell lines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,3S,7S,10R,11S,12S,16R)-7,11-Dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-3-[(1E)-1-methyl-2-(2-methyl-4-thiazolyl)ethenyl]-17-oxa-4-azabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(1S,3S,7S,10R,11S,12S,16R)-7,11-Dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-3-[(1E)-1-methyl-2-(2-methyl-4-thiazolyl)ethenyl]-17-oxa-4-azabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azaepothilone B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 247550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-247550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-247550","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BMS247550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epothilone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epothilone-B BMS 247550","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IXABEPILONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ixabepilone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ixabepilone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ixempra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ixempra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ixabepilone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"710428"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1135132"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"219989-84-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K27005NP0A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37860"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37860"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H42N2O5S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ixabepilone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63605"}]}}{"C97940":{"preferredName":"Ixazomib","code":"C97940","definitions":[{"description":"An active metabolite of MLN9708, a second generation, boron containing peptide proteasome inhibitor (PI) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ixazomib binds to and inhibits the 20S catalytic core of the proteasome, thereby blocking the targeted proteolysis normally performed by the proteasome, which results in an accumulation of unwanted or misfolded proteins; disruption of various cell signaling pathways may follow, resulting in the induction of apoptosis. Compared to first generation PIs, second generation PIs may have an improved pharmacokinetic profile with increased potency and less toxicity. Proteasomes are large protease complexes that degrade unneeded or damaged proteins that have been ubiquinated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IXAZOMIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ixazomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN-2238","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN2238","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"{(1R)-1-[(2,5-dichlorobenzamido)acetamido]-3-methylbutyl}boronic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467949"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1072833-77-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"71050168A2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H19BCl2N2O4"}]}}{"C82653":{"preferredName":"Ixazomib Citrate","code":"C82653","definitions":[{"description":"The citrate salt form of ixazomib, an orally bioavailable second generation proteasome inhibitor (PI) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ixazomib inhibits the activity of the proteasome, blocking the targeted proteolysis normally performed by the proteasome, which results in an accumulation of unwanted or misfolded proteins; disruption of various cell signaling pathways may follow, resulting in the induction of apoptosis. Compared to first generation PIs, second generation PIs may have an improved pharmacokinetic profile with increased potency and less toxicity. Proteasomes are large protease complexes that degrade unneeded or damaged proteins that have been ubiquinated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3,2-dioxaborinane-4-acetic acid, 4-carboxy-2-((1r)-1-((2-((2,5-dichlorobenzoyl)amino)acetyl)amino)-3-methylbutyl)-6-oxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IXAZOMIB CITRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ixazomib Citrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ixazomib Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN-9708","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN9708","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ninlaro","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830202"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1239908-20-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multiple myeloma (MM)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"46CWK97Z3K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"635527"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"635527"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H23BCl2N2O9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Proteasome_Inhibitor_MLN9708"}]}}{"C111761":{"preferredName":"JAK Inhibitor INCB047986","code":"C111761","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinases (JAK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, INCB047986 specifically binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of JAK, which affects JAK-dependent signaling and may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in JAK-overexpressing tumor cells. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is involved in cellular proliferation, growth, hematopoiesis, and the immune response; JAK kinases may be upregulated in inflammatory diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, and various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INCB 047986","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-047986","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB047986","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAK Inhibitor INCB047986","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454148"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753081"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753081"}]}}{"C156774":{"preferredName":"JAK1 Inhibitor AZD4205","code":"C156774","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AZD4205 inhibits JAK-dependent signaling and may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in JAK1-overexpressing tumor cells. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling pathway is a major mediator of cytokine activity and is often dysregulated in a variety of tumor cell types. Additionally, JAK1 may be a primary driver of STAT3 phosphorylation and signaling, which plays a role in neoplastic transformation, resistance to apoptosis, tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, immune evasion, and treatment resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 4205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-4205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD4205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAK1 Inhibitor AZD4205","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935810"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795786"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795786"}]}}{"C118629":{"preferredName":"JAK1 Inhibitor INCB052793","code":"C118629","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, INCB052793 specifically binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of JAK1, which interferes with JAK-dependent signaling and may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in JAK1-overexpressing tumor cells. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling pathway is a major mediator of cytokine activity and is often dysregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INCB052793","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAK1 Inhibitor INCB052793","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"JAK1 Inhibitor INCB052793","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896740"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765639"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765639"}]}}{"C91394":{"preferredName":"JAK2 Inhibitor AZD1480","code":"C91394","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. JAK2 inhibitor AZD1480 inhibits JAK2 activation, leading to the inhibition of the JAK/STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling including activation of STAT3. This may lead to induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in cellular proliferation. JAK2, often upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cells, mediates STAT3 activation and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD1480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAK2 Inhibitor AZD1480","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"JAK2 Inhibitor AZD1480","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2745423"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672901"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672901"}]}}{"C95702":{"preferredName":"JAK2 Inhibitor BMS-911543","code":"C95702","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule targeting a subset of Janus-associated kinase (JAK) with potential antineoplastic activity. JAK2 inhibitor BMS-911543 selectively inhibits JAK2, thereby preventing the JAK/STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling cascade, including activation of STAT3. This may lead to an induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in cellular proliferation. JAK2, often upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cells, mediates STAT3 activation and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS 911543","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-911543","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-911543","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"JAK2 Inhibitor BMS-911543","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"JAK2 Inhibitor BMS-911543","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987343"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7N03P021J8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689517"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689517"}]}}{"C90573":{"preferredName":"JAK2 Inhibitor XL019","code":"C90573","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. XL019 inhibits the activation of JAK2 as well as the mutated form JAK2V617F, which may result in the inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and may induce apoptosis. The JAK2 mutated form JAK2V617F has a valine-to-phenylalanine modification at position 617 and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JAK2 Inhibitor XL019","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"JAK2 Inhibitor XL019","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416257"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"667451"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"667451"}]}}{"C98109":{"preferredName":"Ilginatinib","code":"C98109","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) and Src-family kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Ilginatinib competes with ATP for binding to JAK2 as well as the mutated form JAK2V617F, thereby inhibiting the activation of JAK2 and downstream molecules in the JAK2/STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) signaling pathway that plays an important role in normal development, particularly hematopoiesis. In addition, ilginatinib inhibits the Src family tyrosine kinases. This eventually leads to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. JAK2 is the most common mutated gene in bcr-abl-negative myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs); JAK2V617F is a constitutively activated kinase that activates the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and dysregulates cell growth and function, and its expression transforms hematopoietic cells to cytokine-independent growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-N-(1-(4-Fluorophenyl)ethyl)-4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N'-(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine-2,6-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,6-Pyridinediamine, N2-((1S)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl)-4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N6-2-pyrazinyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILGINATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ilginatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ilginatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NS-018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430628"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1239358-86-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"56R994WX4L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710644"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710644"}]}}{"C61316":{"preferredName":"Jin Fu Kang","code":"C61316","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese herbal medicine derived from the plant Astragalus membranaceus with potential immunopotentiation activity. Jin Fu Kang may stimulate anti-tumor macrophage and natural killer cell activity and may enhance immune recognition of tumor cells by inhibiting the production of T-helper cell type 2 (Th2) cytokines such as interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jin Fu Kang","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831812"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"484642"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"484642"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Jin_Fu_Kang"}]}}{"C49095":{"preferredName":"JNK Inhibitor CC-401","code":"C49095","definitions":[{"description":"A second generation ATP-competitive anthrapyrazolone c-Jun N terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Based on the chemistry of SP600125, another anthrapyrazolone inhibitor of JNK, CC-401 competitively binds the ATP binding site of JNK, resulting in inhibition of the phosphorylation of the N-terminal activation domain of transcription factor c-Jun; decreased transcription activity of c-Jun; and a variety of cellular effects including decreased cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"JNK Inhibitor CC-401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937289"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NOE38VQA1W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453550"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453550"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CC-401"}]}}{"C91705":{"preferredName":"Kanglaite","code":"C91705","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable microemulsion of a purified oil extracted from the seeds of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's tears), with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, kanglaite exhibits an antineoplastic effect, potentially via interfering with the cell cycle and halting tumor cells in the G2/M phase, which may eventually inhibit mitosis and proliferation of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COIX LACRYMA-JOBI VAR. MA-YUEN SEED OIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Coicis Semen Oil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KLT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kanglaite","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Kanglaite","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1568044"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YCB6D9ELEQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"361791"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"361791"}]}}{"C605":{"preferredName":"Ketoconazole","code":"C605","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that treats infection caused by a fungus. It is also used as a treatment for prostate cancer because it can block the production of male sex hormones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of phenylpiperazine with broad antifungal properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Ketoconazole inhibits sterol 14-a-dimethylase, a microsomal cytochrome P450-dependent enzyme, thereby disrupting synthesis of ergosterol, an important component of the fungal cell wall. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cis-1-Acetyl-4-[4-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazole-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fungarest","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fungoral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KETOCONAZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ketoconazole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ketoconazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Ketoconazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ketoconazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ketoderm","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ketoisdin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nizoral","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orifungal M","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panfungol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-41400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xolegel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ketoconazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"317629"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022625"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65277-42-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Seborrheic Dermatitis; Prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R9400W927I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39488"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39488"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H28Cl2N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ketoconazole"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:47519"}]}}{"C77403":{"preferredName":"Ketotrexate","code":"C77403","definitions":[{"description":"A folic acid antagonist and mammalian dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Ketotrexate inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme that reduces dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid which is essential for the synthesis of purine nucleotides and thymidylate. By depleting tetrahydrofolic acid availability, DNA synthesis is halted.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KETOTREXATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ketotrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2697842"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"877017-93-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"504RN634MM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H27N7O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ketotrexate"}]}}{"C157493":{"preferredName":"KRAS G12C Inhibitor MRTX849","code":"C157493","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor that targets the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration MRTX849 covalently binds to cytosine 12 within the switch II pocket of GDP-bound KRAS G12C, thereby inhibiting mutant KRAS-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KRAS G12C Inhibitor MRTX849","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"KRAS G12C Inhibitor MRTX849","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRTX 849","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRTX-849","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRTX-849","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MRTX849","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937069"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8EOO6HQF8Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796791"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796791"}]}}{"C154287":{"preferredName":"Sotorasib","code":"C154287","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the specific KRAS mutation, p.G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, sotorasib selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the KRAS p.G12C mutant. This may inhibit growth in KRAS p.G12C-expressing tumor cells. The KRAS p.G12C mutation is seen in some tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 510","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-510","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG510","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOTORASIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sotorasib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sotorasib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555284"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2296729-00-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2B2VM6UC8G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794411"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794411"}]}}{"C164218":{"preferredName":"KRAS-MAPK Signaling Pathway Inhibitor JAB-3312","code":"C164218","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the KRAS-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, JAB-3312 blocks signaling through the KRAS-MAPK pathway. This prevents proliferation of susceptible cancer cells in which the KRAS-MAPK signaling pathway is overactivated. The Ras-MAPK pathway is often hyperactivated in cancer cells due to specific mutations and rearrangements, such as those seen in KRAS-mutant cancer cells, and drives cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JAB 3312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAB-3312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAB3312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRAS-MAPK Signaling Pathway Inhibitor JAB-3312","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"KRAS-MAPK Signaling Pathway Inhibitor JAB-3312","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977520"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799443"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799443"}]}}{"C1614":{"preferredName":"KRN5500","code":"C1614","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to a family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics. It is an anthracycline.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of the nucleoside-like antineoplastic antibiotic spicamycin, originally isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces alanosinicus. KRN 5500 inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus functions. This agent also induces cell differentiation and caspase-dependent apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-[4-Deoxy-4-[(2E,4E)-tetradecadienoylglycyl]amino-L-glycero-beta-L-mannohepto-pyranosyl]amino-9H-purine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRN-5500","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"KRN5500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRN5500","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"KRN5500","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRN5500","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"KRN5500","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"650426"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0294829"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8VH13L5K20"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42581"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42581"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"KRN5500"}]}}{"C64522":{"preferredName":"KSP Inhibitor AZD4877","code":"C64522","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. AZD4877 selectively inhibits microtubule motor protein KSP (also called kinesin-5 or Eg5), which is essential for the formation of bipolar spindles and the proper segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis. Inhibition of KSP results in an inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint, induction of cell cycle arrest during the mitotic phase, thereby causing cell death in tumor cells that are actively dividing. Because KSP is not involved in postmitotic processes, such as neuronal transport, AZD4877 may be less likely to cause the peripheral neuropathy often associated with the tubulin-targeting agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD4877","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSP Inhibitor AZD4877","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"KSP Inhibitor AZD4877","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879525"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"522717"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"522717"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AZD4877"}]}}{"C52199":{"preferredName":"KSP Inhibitor SB-743921","code":"C52199","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic properties. SB-743921 selectively inhibits kinesin spindle protein (KSP), an important protein involved in the early stages of mitosis that is expressed in proliferating cells. Inhibition of KSP results in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly and interrupts cell division, thereby causing cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KSP Inhibitor SB-743921","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB 743921","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-743921","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-743921","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SB-743921","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709979"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"24DSZ1VN92"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456262"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456262"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SB-743921"}]}}{"C67049":{"preferredName":"Kunecatechins Ointment","code":"C67049","definitions":[{"description":"A topical ointment containing a green tea polyphenol mixture (kunecatechins) with potential antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, and chemopreventive activities. Kunecatechins is a partially purified fraction of the aqueous extract of green tea leaves from Camellia sinensis and contains catechins and other green tea components. Catechins, polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolites or flavonoids, comprise most of the drug substance in kunecatechins with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) present as the primary catechin. Catechins may inhibit basic functions of human papillomavirus (HPV), counteract specific changes in tumor cells, affect cell signaling, and stimulate the immune system. Topical application of kunecatechins ointment has been reported to reduce HPV-induced genital and anal warts through a not yet fully understood mechanism, which may involve anti-oxidative activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Defined Green Tea Catechin Extract OIntment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kunecatechins Ointment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyphenon E Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyphenon E Topical Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Veregen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1816306"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Genital and Perianal Warts"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"533915"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"533915"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Kunecatechin_Ointment"}]}}{"C62178":{"preferredName":"L-Gossypol","code":"C62178","definitions":[{"description":"The levo-enantiomer of an orally bioavailable polyphenolic aldehyde, derived primarily from unrefined cottonseed oil, with potential antineoplastic activity. Mimicking the inhibitory BH3 (Bcl-2 homology 3) domain of endogenous antagonists of Bcl-2, L-gossypol binds to and inhibits various anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This agent has greater affinity for Bcl-2 proteins than racemic gossypol.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L-Gossypol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831823"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"90141-22-3"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570759"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570759"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"L-Gossypol"}]}}{"C107240":{"preferredName":"L-methylfolate","code":"C107240","definitions":[{"description":"A nutritional supplement containing the biologically active form of the B9 vitamin folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (L-methylfolate), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, L-methylfolate is able to provide methyl groups allowing an increase in the level of DNA methylation in the promoter regions of certain tumor-promoting genes, thereby reversing the DNA hypomethylation of these genes and inactivating them. This may result in a decrease of both tumor cell proliferation and tumor progression. In addition, administration of L-methylfolate may sensitize tumor cells to the cytotoxic effects of other chemotherapeutic agents. Unlike folic acid, L-methylfolate is able to cross the blood brain barrier and could be beneficial in the treatment of brain tumors. DNA hypomethylation of certain genes leads to chromosome instability and contributes to tumor development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-MTHF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Methyl terahydrofolic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Methyltetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deplin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Glutamic Acid, N-(4-(((2-amino-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-5- methyl-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-methylfolate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"L-methylfolate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-methyltetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0049315"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750726"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750726"}]}}{"C95710":{"preferredName":"Labetuzumab Govitecan","code":"C95710","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing labetuzumab, a mildly reduced, anti-CEACAM5 humanized monoclonal antibody, conjugated to the potent topoisomerase I inhibitor SN-38, with antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of labetuzumab govitecan selectively binds to carcinoembryonic cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5), which is abundantly expressed on the surface of a majority of solid tumors. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan, inhibits the activity of topoisomerase I in the tumor cells, eventually inhibiting both DNA replication and transcription and leading to tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC IMMU-130","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMMU-130","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LABETUZUMAB GOVITECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Labetuzumab Govitecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Labetuzumab-SN-38 Immunoconjugate IMMU-130","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"hMN14-SN38","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428175"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8E3HI6QQ9J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"692828"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"692828"}]}}{"C90547":{"preferredName":"Ruxotemitide","code":"C90547","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide derived from human lactoferrin, with potential lytic and immunostimulating activities. Upon transdermal injection directly into the tumor, ruxotemitide may bind to the tumor cell membranes and subsequently lyse tumor cells, thereby inducing tumor cell necrosis. In turn, presentation of the tumor antigens to the immune system may induce systemic innate and adaptive immune responses mediated by anti-tumor natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and natural killer T (NKT) cells. This may trigger an immune response against tumor associated antigens on tumors distant from the primary tumor. Human lactoferrin, a 692 amino acid glycoprotein, belongs to the transferrin family of metal-binding proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LTX-315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncopore","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUXOTEMITIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ruxotemitide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416231"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1345407-05-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"75FBL12IZ7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665662"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665662"}]}}{"C124999":{"preferredName":"Lacutamab","code":"C124999","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody against the immune receptor human killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, three domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 2 (KIR3DL2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, lacutamab binds to KIR3DL2 expressed on certain tumor cells. This recruits natural killer (NK) cells and leads to lysis of KIR3DL2-expressing tumor cells. In addition, IPH4102 induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), thereby further eliminating tumor cells. KIR3DL2, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and inhibitory receptor of the KIR family, is specifically expressed in most subtypes of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) and expressed only on a fraction of normal NK cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-KIR3DL2 Monoclonal Antibody IPH4102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-KIR3DL2 mAb IPH4102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH-4102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH4102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LACUTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lacutamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503845"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2187368-16-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N8O7MY0VNS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777272"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777272"}]}}{"C83861":{"preferredName":"Ladirubicin","code":"C83861","definitions":[{"description":"A 4-demethoxydaunorubicin (idarubicin) analog with an aziridinyl group in position C-3' and a methylsulphonyl on position C-4', with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, ladirubicin alkylates guanine residues at the N7 position in the DNA major groove, resulting in DNA base pair mismatching, DNA interstrand crosslinking, the inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Demethoxy-3'-deamino-3'-aziridinyl-4'-methylsulphonyl-daunorubicin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCE 28729","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idarubicin Analog PNU-159548","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LADIRUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ladirubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU 159548","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU-159548","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU159548","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827222"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"171047-47-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U395ERO49H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H31NO11S"}]}}{"C29149":{"preferredName":"Laetrile","code":"C29149","definitions":[{"description":"A substance found in the pits of many fruits such as apricots and papayas, and in other foods. It has been tried in some countries as a treatment for cancer, but it has not been shown to work in clinical studies. Laetrile is not approved for use in the United States.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Originally, the name laetrile was the contraction of laevo-mandelonitrile glucoside, a cyanogenic glycoside found naturally in some plants. Over the years the meaning of laetrile has changed. There are now preparations called Laetrile where amygdalin is the major constituent. Laetrile and amygdalin are often used interchangeably, but are different agents. Cyanide and benzaldehyde are metabolites of both laetrile and amygdalin. Both metabolites may possess antineoplastic properties. Laetrile has been used as an anticancer treatment in humans worldwide, but scientific evidence does not support its effectiveness. It is not approved for use in the United States. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Beta-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid, alpha-cyanobenzyl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyanophenylmethyl-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Mandelonitrile-beta-glucuronoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laetrile","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laetrille","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mandelonitrile-beta-glucuronide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin B17","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"laetrile","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"103055"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0878244"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257611"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257611"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14-H15-N-O7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Laetrille"}]}}{"C28698":{"preferredName":"Laniquidar","code":"C28698","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied for its ability to make cancer cells respond to drugs to which they have become resistant. It belongs to the family of drugs called multidrug resistance inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A stereoisomer of verapamil and third-generation P-glycoprotein inhibitor. Laniquidar inhibits the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein, resulting in higher concentrations of antineoplastic agents in tumor cells that are multi-drug resistant due to the overexpression of P-glycoprotein. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LANIQUIDAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Laniquidar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R101933","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R101933","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0916124"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"197509-46-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K3FRN4DDOY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38526"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38526"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C37H36N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Laniquidar"}]}}{"C74584":{"preferredName":"Lanreotide Acetate","code":"C74584","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt of a synthetic cyclic octapeptide analogue of somatostatin. Lanreotide binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTR), specifically SSTR-2 and also to SSTR-5 with a lesser affinity. However, compare with octreotide, this agent is less potent in inhibiting the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. Furthermore, lanreotide has an acute effect on decreasing circulating total and free insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I). This agent is usually given as a prolonged-release microparticle or Autogel formulation for the treatment of acromegaly and to relieve the symptoms of neuroendocrine tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AT-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Threoninamide, 3-(2-naphthalenyl)-D-alanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-tyrosyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-valyl-L-cysteinyl-, cyclic (2-7)-disulfide, acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LANREOTIDE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lanreotide Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lanreotide Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatuline Depot","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"9641549"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771414"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"127984-74-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IEU56G3J9C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750171"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750171"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C54H69N11O10S2.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lanreotide_Acetate"}]}}{"C28694":{"preferredName":"Lapachone","code":"C28694","definitions":[{"description":"A poorly soluble, ortho-naphthoquinone with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activity. Beta-lapachone (b-lap) is bioactivated by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1), creating a futile oxidoreduction that generates high levels of superoxide. In turn, the highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) interact with DNA, thereby causing single-strand DNA breaks and calcium release from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stores. Eventually, the extensive DNA damage causes hyperactivation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), an enzyme facilitating DNA repair, accompanied by rapid depletion of NAD+/ATP nucleotide levels. As a result, a caspase-independent and ER-stress induced mu-calpain-mediated cell death occurs in NQO1-overexpressing tumor cells. NQO1, a flavoprotein and two-electron oxidoreductase, is overexpressed in a variety of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,4-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-naphtho(1,2-b)pyran-5,6-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ 501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-Lap-WJ","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-Lapachone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAPACHONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lapachone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta-Lapachone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"629749"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"26326"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053471"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4707-32-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6N4FA2QQ6A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357565"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357565"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H14O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"beta-Lapachone"}]}}{"C26653":{"preferredName":"Lapatinib","code":"C26653","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used with another anticancer drug to treat breast cancer that is HER2 positive and has advanced or metastasized (spread to other parts of the body) after treatment with other drugs. Lapatinib is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is a type of ErbB-2 and EGFR dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, orally-active quinazoline with potential antineoplastic properties. Lapatinib reversibly blocks phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), ErbB2, and the Erk-1 and-2 and AKT kinases; it also inhibits cyclin D protein levels in human tumor cell lines and xenografts. EGFR and ErbB2 have been implicated in the growth of various tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK572016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW 2016","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"GW2016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW572016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW572016","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LAPATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lapatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lapatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"12214266"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"727989"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1506770"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"231277-92-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0VUA21238F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H26ClFN4O4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"GW572016"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:49603"}]}}{"C66878":{"preferredName":"Lapatinib Ditosylate","code":"C66878","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used with another anticancer drug to treat breast cancer that is HER2 positive and has advanced or metastasized (spread to other parts of the body) after treatment with other drugs. Lapatinib ditosylate is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is a type of ErbB-2 and EGFR dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The ditosylate salt of lapatinib, a synthetic, orally-active quinazoline with potential antineoplastic activity. Lapatinib reversibly blocks phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), ErbB2, and the Erk-1 and-2 and AKT kinases; it also inhibits cyclin D protein levels in human tumor cell lines and xenografts. EGFR and ErbB2 have been implicated in the growth of various tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Quinazolinamine, N-(3-chloro-4-((3-fluorophenyl)methoxy)phenyl)-6-(5-(((2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl)amino)methyl)-2-furanyl), bis(4-methylbenzenesulfonate), Monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAPATINIB DITOSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lapatinib Ditosylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lapatinib Ditosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Lapatinib Ditosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tykerb","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tykerb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"lapatinib ditosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1504917"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"388082-78-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G873GX646R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269659"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269659"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H26ClFN4O4S.2C7H8O3S.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lapatinib_Ditosylate"}]}}{"C2057":{"preferredName":"Lapuleucel-T","code":"C2057","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based vaccine targets tumors expressing the HER2/neu marker. HER-2/neu is a growth factor receptor, and its overexpression has been associated with a number of cancers including breast, ovarian, colon and lung cancers. APC8024 comprise of autologous antigen-presenting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (APCs) that have been exposed to HER2/neu protein and can be administered to the patient. These cells may stimulate an antitumor T-cell response to cancer cells expressing HER2/neu. 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It is also being studied in the treatment of several other types of cancer. It blocks cell growth by damaging the cell's DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sulfonyl hydrazine prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Laromustine releases the DNA chloroethylating agent 90CE after entering the blood stream; 90CE chloroethylates alkylates the O6 position of guanine, resulting in DNA crosslinking, strand breaks, chromosomal aberrations, and disruption of DNA synthesis. Intracellular metabolism of this agent also releases methyl isocyanate which inhibits O6-alkyl-guanine transferase, an enzyme involved with DNA repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Bis(methylsulfonyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-2-(methylaminocarbonyl)hydrazine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"101M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cloretazine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cloretazine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAROMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Laromustine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Laromustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onrigin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onrigin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VNP40101M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VNP40101M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"laromustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"734246"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713559"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"173424-77-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"14J2G0U3NQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38440"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38440"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H14ClN3O5S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"VNP40101M"}]}}{"C48427":{"preferredName":"Larotaxel","code":"C48427","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of breast cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called taxane derivatives.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semi-synthetic derivative of the taxane 10-deacetylbaccatin III with potential antineoplastic activities. Larotaxel binds to tubulin, promoting microtubule assembly and stabilization and preventing microtubule depolymerization, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation. As it represents poor substrate for P-glycoprotein-related drug resistance mechanisms, this agent may be useful for treating multi-drug resistant tumors. Larotaxel penetrates the blood brain barrier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LAROTAXEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Larotaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Larotaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RPR 109881A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RPR 109881A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RPR-109881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxoid-109881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XRP9881","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0392979"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"156294-36-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TWQ8K8A81Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42554"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42554"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C45H53NO14"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"XRP9881"}]}}{"C115977":{"preferredName":"Larotrectinib","code":"C115977","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, larotrectinib binds to Trk, thereby preventing neurotrophin-Trk interaction and Trk activation, which results in both the induction of cellular apoptosis and the inhibition of cell growth in tumors that overexpress Trk. Trk, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Pyrrolidinecarboxamide, N-(5-((2R)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-3-yl)-3-hydroxy-, (3S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3S)-N-(5-((2R)-2-(2,5-Difluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-3-yl)-3-hydroxypyrrolidine- 1-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY 470","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAROTRECTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LOXO 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Larotrectinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4278057"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1223403-58-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PF9462I9HX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C156895":{"preferredName":"Larotrectinib Sulfate","code":"C156895","definitions":[{"description":"The sulfate salt form of larotrectinib, an orally available, tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, larotrectinib binds to Trk, thereby preventing neurotrophin-Trk interaction and Trk activation, which results in both the induction of cellular apoptosis and the inhibition of cell growth in tumors that overexpress Trk. Trk, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3S)-N-[5-[(2R)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]-3-hydroxypyrrolidine-1-carboxamide;sulfuric acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Pyrrolidinecarboxamide, N-(5-((2R)-2-(2,5-Difluorophenyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-3-yl)-3-hydroxy-, (3S)-, Sulfate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY 470 Sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAROTRECTINIB SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LOXO 101 Sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO-101 Sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Larotrectinib Sulfate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Larotrectinib Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitrakvi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935988"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1223405-08-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"solid tumors that have a neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase (NTRK) gene fusion without a known acquired resistance mutation"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RDF76R62ID"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760532"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760532"}]}}{"C1142":{"preferredName":"Lavendustin A","code":"C1142","definitions":[{"description":"A compound isolated from strains of Streptomyces griseolavendus that may exert antitumor activity by inhibition of protein tyrosine kinase and tubulin polymerization. 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Upon administration, lazertinib specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutants, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. Lazertinib may inhibit programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and inflammatory cytokines in specific cancer cells harboring certain EGFR mutations. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, lazertinib may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M- or L858R-mediated drug resistance. In addition, lazertinib penetrates the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type EGFR (wtEGFR), and does not cause dose-limiting toxicities, which occur during the use of non-selective EGFR inhibitors and inhibit wtEGFR. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GNS-1480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAZERTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lazertinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lazertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-{5-[(4-{4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}pyrimidin-2-yl)amino]-4-methoxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl}prop-2-enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YH 25448","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YH-25448","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YH25448","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550797"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1903008-80-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4A2Y23XK11"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792503"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792503"}]}}{"C97500":{"preferredName":"Lead Pb 212 TCMC-trastuzumab","code":"C97500","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate containing the recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody trastuzumab conjugated with the bifunctional chelating agent TCMC ((1,4,7,10-Tetra-(2-Carbamoyl Methyl)-Cyclododecane), and radiolabeled with the alpha-emitting isotope lead Pb 212, with potential anti-tumor activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of lead Pb 212 TCMC-trastuzumab binds with high affinity to the extracellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2); after internalization, the radioisotope moiety delivers a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to the HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed on the cell surface of a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lead Pb 212 TCMC-Herceptin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lead Pb 212 TCMC-trastuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lead Pb 212 TCMC-trastuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[212]Pb TCMC-Herceptin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[212]Pb TCMC-trastuzumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430248"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703322"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703322"}]}}{"C94207":{"preferredName":"Lefitolimod","code":"C94207","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic oligonucleotide based on a proprietary double stem-loop immunomodulator design with potential immunostimulating activity. Lefitolimod binds to and activates intracellular Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in monocytes/macrophages, plasmacytoidal and myeloid dendritic cells (DCs), and natural killer (NK) cells, initiating immune signaling pathways and inducing T-helper 1 cell (Th1) production leading to the production of memory T cells and a Th1-mediated immune response. By activating the immune system, MGN1703 may attack tumor associated antigen (TAAs). TLR9 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEFITOLIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lefitolimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lefitolimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGN-1703","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGN1703","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dSLIM-30L1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986392"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6SO72A12FN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686500"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686500"}]}}{"C1128":{"preferredName":"Leflunomide","code":"C1128","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that works by inhibiting a cancer cell growth factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A derivative of isoxazole used for its immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties. As a prodrug, leflunomide is converted to an active metabolite, A77 1726, which blocks dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, a key enzyme of de novo pyrimidine synthesis, thereby preventing the expansion of activated T lymphocytes. This agent also inhibits various protein tyrosine kinases, such as protein kinase C (PKC), thereby inhibiting cell proliferation. 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It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Lenalidomide belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A thalidomide analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Lenalidomide inhibits TNF-alpha production, stimulates T cells, reduces serum levels of the cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and inhibits angiogenesis. This agent also promotes G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of malignant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(4-Amino-1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-5013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-5013","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CC5013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDC 501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LENALIDOMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lenalidomide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lenalidomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Revlimid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Revlimid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"lenalidomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"16085014"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"703813"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1144149"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"191732-72-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Transfusion-dependent anemia due to low- or intermediate-1 risk myelodysplastic syndrome; multiple myeloma, lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F0P408N6V4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38564"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38564"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H13N3O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CC-5013"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63791"}]}}{"C162878":{"preferredName":"Lenalidomide Analog KPG-121","code":"C162878","definitions":[{"description":"A lenalidomide analog with potential anti-angiogenic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, lenalidomide analog KPG-121 may inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production, stimulate T-lymphocytes, reduce serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF; FGF2), and inhibit angiogenesis. Additionally, KPG-121 may promote G1 cell cycle arrest and induce apoptosis in malignant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KPG 121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KPG-121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KPG121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lenalidomide Analog KPG-121","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lenalidomide Analog KPG-121","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973359"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798954"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798954"}]}}{"C28168":{"preferredName":"Lentinan","code":"C28168","definitions":[{"description":"A beta-glucan (a type of polysaccharide) from the mushroom Lentinus edodes (shiitake mushroom). It has been studied in Japan as a treatment for cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LC-33","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LENTINAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lentinan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Lentinan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lentinan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"130122"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023324"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"37339-90-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6751655D1D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"(C12H20O10)n.HO(C6H10O5)n"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lentinan"}]}}{"C95124":{"preferredName":"Lenvatinib","code":"C95124","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, orally available inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2, also known as KDR/FLK-1) tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Lenvatinib blocks VEGFR2 activation by VEGF, resulting in inhibition of the VEGF receptor signal transduction pathway, decreased vascular endothelial cell migration and proliferation, and vascular endothelial cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Quinolinecarboxamide, 4-[3-chloro-4-[[(cyclopropylamino)carbonyl]amino]phenoxy]- 7-methoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7080","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ER-203492-00","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LENVATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lenvatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lenvatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-Kinase Inhibitor E7080","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18765537"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986924"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"417716-92-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EE083865G2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H19ClN4O4"}]}}{"C48636":{"preferredName":"Lenvatinib Mesylate","code":"C48636","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, orally available inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2, also known as KDR/FLK-1) tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. E7080 blocks VEGFR2 activation by VEGF, resulting in inhibition of the VEGF receptor signal transduction pathway, decreased vascular endothelial cell migration and proliferation, and vascular endothelial cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[3-Chloro-4-(N'-cyclopropylureido)phenoxy]7-methoxyquinoline-6-carboxamide Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Quinolinecarboxamide, 4-[3-chloro-4-[[(cyclopropylamino)carbonyl]amino]phenoxy]- 7-methoxy-, methanesulfonate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7080","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LENVATINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lenvatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lenvatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lenvima","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-Kinase Inhibitor E7080","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18765537"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4018332"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"857890-39-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"locally recurrent or metastatic, progressive, radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer; advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC); first-line treatment of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3J78384F61"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"445461"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"445461"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H19ClN4O4.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"E7080"}]}}{"C125081":{"preferredName":"Lenzilumab","code":"C125081","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant monoclonal antibody against the cytokine granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, lenzilumab binds to and neutralizes GM-CSF. This prevents GM-CSF binding to the GM-CSF receptor, which is a heterodimeric protein expressed on myeloid progenitor cells, and prevents GM-CSF-mediated signaling. This may induce apoptosis in and inhibit proliferation of cancer cells that overproduce GM-CSF. GM-CSF plays a key role in the differentiation and proliferation of monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes; elevated levels of GM-CSF are associated with certain autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, and cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1-kappa, Anti-(Homo sapiens CSF2 (Colony Stimulating Factor 2 (Granulocyte-Macrophage), Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor, GM-CSF)), Homo sapiens Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KB 003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KB003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LENZILUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lenzilumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lenzilumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503921"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1229575-09-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IE4X6497XK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778430"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778430"}]}}{"C48402":{"preferredName":"Lestaurtinib","code":"C48402","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment of acute leukemias and some other types of cancer. It binds to a protein that is present on the surface of some types of cancer cells and stops them from dividing. CEP-701 is a type of receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of indolocarbazole alkaloid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable indolocarbazole derivative with antineoplastic properties. Lestaurtinib inhibits autophosphorylation of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), resulting in inhibition of FLT3 activity and induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress FLT3. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9,12-Epoxy-1H-diindolo(1,2,3-fg:3',2',1'-kl)pyrrolo(3,4-i)(1,6)benzodiazocin-1-one, 2,3,9,10,11,12-hexahydro-10-hydroxy-10-(hydroxymethyl)-9-methyl-, (9S,10S,12R)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"CEP-701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"KT-5555","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LESTAURTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lestaurtinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lestaurtinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPM-924","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lestaurtinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541677"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"111358-88-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DO989GC5D1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"367053"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"367053"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H21N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lestaurtinib"}]}}{"C1527":{"preferredName":"Letrozole","code":"C1527","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Letrozole causes a decrease in the amount of estrogen made by the body. It is a type of aromatase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nonsteroidal inhibitor of estrogen synthesis with antineoplastic activity. As a third-generation aromatase inhibitor, letrozole selectively and reversibly inhibits aromatase, which may result in growth inhibition of estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells. Aromatase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme localized to the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell and found in many tissues including those of the premenopausal ovary, liver, and breast, catalyzes the aromatization of androstenedione and testosterone into estrone and estradiol, the final step in estrogen biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4,4'-(1H-1,2,4triazol-1-ylmethylene)dibenzonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGS 20267","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Femara","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Femara","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Femara","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"LETROZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Letrozole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Letrozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Letrozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Letrozole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"letrozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"719345"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0246421"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"112809-51-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer; Delayed puberty; Endometrial cancer; Ovulatory induction"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7LKK855W8I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42086"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42086"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H11N5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Letrozole"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6413"}]}}{"C71631":{"preferredName":"Leucovorin","code":"C71631","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to lessen the toxic effects of substances that block the action of folic acid, especially the anticancer drug methotrexate. Folinic acid is used to treat some types of anemia and is also used with fluorouracil to treat colorectal cancer. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer and other conditions. Folinic acid is a form of folic acid. It is a type of chemoprotective agent and a type of chemosensitizing agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A derivative of folic acid with chemoprotectant, antidote and synergistic activity. Leucovorin does not require metabolism by dihydrofolate reductase, the molecular target of folate antagonist-type chemotherapeutic drugs, and is converted to a tetrahydrofolate, which is the necessary folate for purine and pyrimidine synthesis. As this agent allows for some purine/pyrimidine synthesis to occur, the toxic effects of folic acid antagonist-type chemotherapeutic drugs are counteracted while still permitting the antitumor activity of the folic acid antagonist through dihydrofolate reductase inhibition. This agent also potentiates the effects of 5-fluorouracil and its derivatives by stabilizing the binding of 5-fluorouracil's converted form fluorodeoxyuridylic acid to its target enzyme thymidylate synthase, thus prolonging drug activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Formyltetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folinic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEUCOVORIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Leucovorin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leucovorin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"folinic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"leucovorin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023413"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58-05-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q573I9DVLP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H23N7O7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leucovorin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15640"}]}}{"C607":{"preferredName":"Leucovorin Calcium","code":"C607","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to lessen the toxic effects of substances that block the action of folic acid, especially the anticancer drug methotrexate. Leucovorin calcium is used to treat some types of anemia and is also used with fluorouracil to treat colorectal cancer. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer and other conditions. Leucovorin calcium is a form of folic acid. It is a type of chemoprotective agent and a type of chemosensitizing agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An active metabolite of folic acid (also called folinic acid and citrovorum factor), which does not require metabolism by dihydrofolate reductase, the molecular target of folate antagonist-type chemotherapeutic drugs. Leucovorin calcium counteracts the toxic effects of these medications, 'rescuing' the patient while permitting the antitumor activity of the folate antagonist. This agent also potentiates the effects of fluorouracil and its derivatives by stabilizing the binding of the drug's metabolite to its target enzyme, thus prolonging drug activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Formyl Tetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteroyl-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adinepar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium (6S)-Folinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium Folinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium Leucovorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium N-(p-((((6RS)-2-amino-5-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-L-glutamate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calfolex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calinat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cehafolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citofolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citrec","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citrovorum Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cromatonbic Folinico","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dalisol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Disintox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Divical","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ecofol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emovis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOLI-cell","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Factor, Citrovorum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flynoken A","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folaren","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folaxin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Foliben","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folidan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folidar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folinac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folinate Calcium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folinic Acid Calcium Salt Pentahydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folinoral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folinvit","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Foliplus","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folix","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imo","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEUCOVORIN CALCIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lederfolat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lederfolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leucosar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leucovorin Calcium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leucovorin Calcium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-[[(2-Amino-5-formyl-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amnio]benzoyl]-L-glutamic Acid, Calcium Salt (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[p-[[(2-Amino-5-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rescufolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rescuvolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tonofolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wellcovorin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wellcovorin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"citrovorum factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"folinic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"leucovorin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"leucovorin calcium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"3590"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0731033"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1492-18-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Megaloblastic anemia due to folate deficiency; Enhanced fluorouracil inhibition of thymidylate synthase; Reverse dihydrofolate reductase inhibition by methotrexate; Folic acid antagonist overdose; Nitrous Oxide toxicity"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RPR1R4C0P4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42584"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42584"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leucovorin_Calcium"}]}}{"C62042":{"preferredName":"Leuprolide","code":"C62042","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to treat symptoms of advanced prostate cancer. It is also used to treat early puberty in children and certain gynecologic conditions. It is being studied in the treatment of other conditions and types of cancer. Leuprolide blocks the body from making testosterone (a male hormone) and estradiol (a female hormone). It may stop the growth of prostate cancer cells that need testosterone to grow. It is a type of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Leuprolide binds to and activates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Continuous, prolonged administration of leuprolide in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production. This agent reduces testosterone production to castration levels and may inhibit androgen receptor-positive tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-D-Leucine-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-1-9-luteinizing Hormone-releasing Factor (Pig)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-D-Leucine-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-10-deglycinamide Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor (Pig)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEUPROLIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Leuprolide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leuprolide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Leuprolide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leuprolide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leuprorelin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"leuprolide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"377526"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085272"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53714-56-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EFY6W0M8TG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C59H84N16O12"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leuprolide_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6427"}]}}{"C1319":{"preferredName":"Leuprolide Acetate","code":"C1319","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat symptoms of advanced prostate cancer. It is also being studied in the treatment of other conditions and types of cancer. The active ingredient leuprolide blocks the body from making testosterone (a male hormone) and estradiol (a female hormone). It may stop the growth of prostate cancer cells that need testosterone to grow. Some brands of leuprolide are also used to treat early puberty in children and certain gynecologic conditions. Leuprolide acetate is a type of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The acetate salt of a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Leuprolide binds to and activates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Continuous, prolonged administration of leuprolide in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production. This agent reduces testosterone production to castration levels and may inhibit androgen receptor-positive tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-D-Leucine-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-1-9-luteinizing Hormone-releasing Factor (Pig) Monoacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-D-Leucine-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-10-deglycinamide Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor (Pig) Monoacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-43818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abbott 43818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abbott-43818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Eligard","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eligard","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Enanton","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enantone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enantone-Gyn","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ginecrin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEUP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEUPROLIDE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Leuplin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leuprolide Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leuprolide Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Leuprolide Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leuprorelin Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lucrin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lucrin Depot","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lupron","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lupron","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Lupron Depot","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lupron Depot-3 Month","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lupron Depot-4 Month","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lupron Depot-Ped","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutrate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Procren","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Procrin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostap","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAP-144","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trenantone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uno-Enantone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Viadur","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Viadur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"leuprolide acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"377526"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700596"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"74381-53-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Endometriosis; In-vitro fertilization; Precocious puberty; Premenstrual syndrome; Prostate cancer; Uterine fibroid tumors"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"37JNS02E7V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40058"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40058"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C59H84N16O12.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leuprolide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63597"}]}}{"C118363":{"preferredName":"Leuprolide Mesylate Injectable Suspension","code":"C118363","definitions":[{"description":"A depot suspension for injection composed of the mesylate salt of leuprolide, a synthetic, long-acting nonapeptide analog of the endogenous hormone gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous injection of the depot suspension, leuprolide binds to and activates the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR). The continuous stimulation of GnRHR by leuprolide results in both the desensitization of pituitary GnRHR and the inhibition of pituitary secretion of the gonadotropins follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). In males, this results in a significant decline in testosterone production to castration levels and may inhibit androgen receptor-positive tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LMIS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leuprolide Mesylate Injectable Suspension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896651"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764623"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764623"}]}}{"C81421":{"preferredName":"Leurubicin","code":"C81421","definitions":[{"description":"An N-L-leucyl prodrug of the anthracycline doxorubicin, with antineoplastic activity. Leurubicin is converted to its active form doxorubicin in or on tumor cells by hydrolytic enzymes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEURUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Leurubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825623"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"70774-25-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1Z20MGK851"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C33H40N2O12"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leurubicin"}]}}{"C47581":{"preferredName":"Levetiracetam","code":"C47581","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat seizures (involuntary muscle movements) caused by epilepsy (a group of brain disorders). Keppra is being studied in the treatment of seizures in patients with cancer that has spread to the brain. It is a type of anticonvulsant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyrrolidine with antiepileptic activity. The exact mechanism through which levetiracetam exerts its effects is unknown but does not involve inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter activity. Stereoselective binding of levetiracetam was confined to synaptic plasma membranes in the central nervous system with no binding occurring in peripheral tissue. Levetiracetam inhibits burst firing without affecting normal neuronal excitability, which suggests that it may selectively prevent hyper-synchronization of epileptiform burst firing and propagation of seizure activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-alpha-Ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Pyrrolidineacetamide, Alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-,(S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Keppra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Keppra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LEVETIRACETAM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Levetiracetam","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"levetiracetam","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0377265"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"102767-28-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Treating partial-onset seizures in patients with epilepsy."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"44YRR34555"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526173"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526173"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H14N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Levetiracetam"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6437"}]}}{"C62080":{"preferredName":"Levothyroxine","code":"C62080","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic levoisomer of thyroxine (T4), similar to the endogenous hormone produced by the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is de-iodinated to form triiodothyronine (T3) in the peripheral tissues. T3 enters the cell and binds to nuclear thyroid hormone receptors, and the hormone-receptor complex in turn triggers gene expression and produces proteins required in the regulation of cellular respiration, thermogenesis, cellular growth and differentiation, and metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. T4 and T3 also possess cardiac stimulatory effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Thyroxine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Thyroxine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEVOTHYROXINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Levothyroxine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Levothyroxine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881373"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51-48-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q51BO43MG4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H11I4NO4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Levothyroxine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:18332"}]}}{"C888":{"preferredName":"Levothyroxine Sodium","code":"C888","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of levothyroxine, a synthetic levoisomer of thyroxine (T4) that is similar to the endogenous hormone produced by the thyroid gland. In peripheral tissues, levothyroxine is deiodinated by 5'-deiodinase to form triiodothyronine (T3). T3 enters the cell and binds to nuclear thyroid hormone receptors; the activated hormone-receptor complex in turn triggers gene expression and produces proteins required in the regulation of cellular respiration; thermogenesis; cellular growth and differentiation; and the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. T3 also exhibits cardiostimulatory effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Levothroid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Levothyroxine Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Levothyroxine Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Levothyroxine sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sodium levothyroxine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Synthroid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Levothyroxine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"36397"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079691"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"25416-65-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9J765S329G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39298"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39298"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H10I4NO4.Na.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Levothyroxine"}]}}{"C64621":{"preferredName":"Lexatumumab","code":"C64621","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It binds to a protein called TRAIL-R2 on the surface of some tumor cells, which may kill the tumor cells. HGS-ETR2 is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human monoclonal agonistic antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor-2 (TRAIL-R2) with potential antitumor activity. Mimicking the natural ligand TRAIL, lexatumumab binds to and activates TRAIL-R2, which may trigger apoptosis in and inhibit the growth of TRAIL-R2-expressing tumor cells. TRAIL-R2, also known as death receptor 5 (DR5), is a member of the TNF receptor family and is expressed on many malignant cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TRAIL Receptor 2 Monoclonal Antibody HGS-ETR2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGS-ETR2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGS-ETR2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HGS-ETR2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGS1018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEXATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lexatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HGS-ETR2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-TRAIL R2 mAb HGS-ETR2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"lexatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1721684"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"845816-02-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"967Q0SJD77"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"528015"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"528015"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lexatumumab"}]}}{"C77882":{"preferredName":"Lexibulin","code":"C77882","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule with tubulin-inhibiting, vascular-disrupting, and potential antineoplastic activities. Lexibulin inhibits tubulin polymerization in tumor blood vessel endothelial cells and tumor cells, blocking the formation of the mitotic spindle and leading to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase; this may result in disruption of the tumor vasculature and tumor blood flow, and tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-ethyl-3-(2-methoxy-4-(5-methyl-4-(((1s)-1-(pyridin-3-yl)butyl)amino)pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYT997","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEXIBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lexibulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulin Inhibitor CYT997","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703082"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"917111-44-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2GTU230HA1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598799"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598799"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H30N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tubulin_Inhibitor_CYT997"}]}}{"C1433":{"preferredName":"Liarozole","code":"C1433","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that promotes differentiation by increasing the levels of retinoic acid within the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active benzimidazole derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. As a retinoic acid metabolism blocking agent, liarozole inhibits cytochrome P450-dependent all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-4-hydroxylase, resulting in an increase in endogenous ATRA production, inhibition of cell proliferation, and induction of cell differentiation. This agent also inhibits aromatase, the enzyme that catalyzes the final, rate-limiting step in estrogen biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Benzimidazole, 5-((3-chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIAROZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Liarozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Liarozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liazal","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R 75251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-61405","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liarozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0165479"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"115575-11-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K0Q29TGV9Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H13ClN4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liarozole"}]}}{"C1524":{"preferredName":"Liarozole Fumarate","code":"C1524","definitions":[{"description":"The orally active fumarate salt of the benzimidazole derivative liarozole with potential antineoplastic activity. As a retinoic acid metabolism blocking agent (RAMBA), liarozole inhibits cytochrome P450-dependent all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-4-hydroxylase, resulting in an increase in endogenous ATRA production, inhibition of cell proliferation, and induction of cell differentiation. This agent also inhibits aromatase, the enzyme that catalyzes the final, rate-limiting step in estrogen biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+-)-5-(m-Chloro-alpha-imidazol-1-ylbenzyl)benzimidazole Fumarate (2:3)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1H-Benzimidazole, 5-((3-chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-, (+-)-, (E)-2-butenedioate (2:3)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIAROZOLE FUMARATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Liarozole Fumarate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R85246","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0245820"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"145858-52-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"91W7VLK7J3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41252"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41252"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C17H13ClN4.3C4H4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liarozole_Fumarate"}]}}{"C80333":{"preferredName":"Liarozole Hydrochloride","code":"C80333","definitions":[{"description":"The fumarate salt of an orally-active benzimidazole derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. As a retinoic acid metabolism blocking agent (RAMBA), liarozole inhibits cytochrome P450-dependent all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-4-hydroxylase, resulting in an increase in endogenous ATRA production, inhibition of cell proliferation, and induction of cell differentiation. This agent also inhibits aromatase, the enzyme that catalyzes the final, rate-limiting step in estrogen biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+-)-5-(m-Chloro-alpha-imidazol-1-ylbenzyl)benzimidazole Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1H-Benzimidazole, 5-((3-chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-, Monohydrochloride, (+-)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIAROZOLE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Liarozole HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liarozole Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R 75251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2697919"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"145858-50-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"29T7S2IB97"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H13ClN4.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liarozole_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C104275":{"preferredName":"Licartin","code":"C104275","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoradioconjugate containing metuximab, an antibody fragment targeting the hepatocellular cancer (HCC)-associated antigen HAb18G/CD147, that is conjugated to the radioisotope iodine I 131, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the metuximab moiety of licartin targets and binds to HAb18G/CD147 on HCC cells; upon internalization, the radioisotope I 131 delivers a cytotoxic dose of gamma radiation, thereby causing selective destruction of HAb18G/CD147-expressing cells. HAb18G/CD147, a member of CD147 family, is overexpressed in HCC and fibroblasts and its expression is associated with cancer cell progression and increased adhesion, invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(131)I-labeled HAb18 F(ab')(2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 Metuximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine[131I] Metuximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Licartin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[131I] mAb HAb18G/CD147","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1722701"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744892"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744892"}]}}{"C61436":{"preferredName":"Licorice","code":"C61436","definitions":[{"description":"A substance prepared from dried roots of the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra. It is used as a flavoring in medicines, drinks, and sweets, and it is being studied in the treatment of cancer. Licorice root extract contains several compounds that reduce inflammation, kill certain bacteria and viruses, act like estrogen and other hormones, and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of antioxidant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An herbal extract derived from the root of the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra with potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antineoplastic activities. Licorice root extract contains glycoside glycyrrhizinic acid and numerous flavonoids. Glycyrrhizinic acid in licorice root extract is hydrolyzed to glycyrrhetic acid (GA); GA inhibits 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, resulting in inhibition of the conversion of cortisol to the inactive steroid cortisone and elevated cortisol levels. In addition, GA inhibits 17,20-lyase and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, resulting in decreased conversions of 17-hydroxyprogesterone to androstenedione and androstenedione to testosterone. The primary antioxidant found in licorice root, the flavonoid glabridin, may inactivate or inhibit the activities of some cytochrome P450 enzymes. In tumor cells, beta-hydroxy-DHP, another flavonoid, may induce Bcl-2 phosphorylation, apoptosis, and G2/M cell cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glycyrrhiza","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glycyrrhizae Radix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LICORICE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Licorice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Licorice Root Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Licorice Root Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"licorice root extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0086555"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"61ZBX54883"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"471833"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"471833"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Licorice_Root_Extract"}]}}{"C116747":{"preferredName":"Lifastuzumab Vedotin","code":"C116747","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (NaPi2b), and covalently linked to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of DNIB0600A binds to NaPi2b-expressing tumor cells and is internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Proteolytic cleavage releases MMAE, which then binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. NaPi2b, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in transport of inorganic phosphate and the maintenance of phosphate homeostasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DNIB0600A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNIB0600A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIFASTUZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lifastuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lifastuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7599","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433844"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1401812-88-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7IUT83FK6S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701789"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701789"}]}}{"C137951":{"preferredName":"Light-activated AU-011","code":"C137951","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation composed of nanoparticles derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV-NPs) and conjugated to the infrared (IR)-activated fluorescent dye IR700 (IR-700), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravitreal injection, the HPV-NPs target and bind to heparan-sulfated proteoglycans (HSPG) expressed by ocular melanoma cells. Upon irradiation with near-IR (NIR) light, the photosensitizer IR700 becomes activated, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selectively damages the melanoma cell membrane, which induces necrosis of the melanoma cells while sparing the surrounding, healthy non-HSPG-expressing tissue, and potentially preserving vision. HSPGs are overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AU-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV-NP AU-011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Virus-like Particles Conjugated with IR700 Dye AU-011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Light-activated AU-011","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Light-activated AU-011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VNC AU-011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Viral Nanoparticle Conjugates AU-011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524973"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790618"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790618"}]}}{"C79833":{"preferredName":"Olvimulogene Nanivacirepvec","code":"C79833","definitions":[{"description":"An attenuated oncolytic vaccinia virus encoding the light-emitting fusion protein Renilla luciferase-Aequorea green fluorescent protein (RUC-GFP) with potential bioluminescent and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, light-emitting oncolytic vaccinia virus GL-ONC1 specifically enters tumor cells due to the permeable nature of the tumor vasculature. Once inside the cell, the virus replicates, resulting in tumor cell lysis and the release of mature viral particles into the tumor microenvironment. Released viral particles may then infect and destroy neighboring tumor cells. In addition, the release of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by lysed tumor cells into the bloodstream may activate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against the tumor. The expression of RUC-GFP by this agent allows for both detection and monitoring of virally infected tumor cells in vivo and vitro with luciferase-mediated bioluminescence imaging and fluorescence imaging techniques.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GL-ONC1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLV-1h68","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLVIMULOGENE NANIVACIREPVEC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Olvimulogene Nanivacirepvec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Olvimulogene Nanivacirepvec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388438"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CF19SF72O5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629379"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629379"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Light-Emitting_Oncolytic_Vaccinia_Virus_GL-ONC1"}]}}{"C61714":{"preferredName":"Limonene, (+)-","code":"C61714","definitions":[{"description":"A terpene with two isoprene units forming a ring. The chemical structure is CC1=CCC(CC1)C(=C)C.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"An oral dietary supplement containing a natural cyclic monoterpene, and a major component of the oil extracted from citrus peels, with potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, D-limonene activates aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 (ALDH3A1), thereby decreasing aldehyde level. This may protect salivary stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) from toxic aldehydes and prevent or improve radiation-induced xerostomia. Limonene and its metabolites perillic acid, dihydroperillic acid, uroterpenol and limonene 1,2-diol may also inhibit tumor growth through inhibition of p21-dependent signaling and may induce apoptosis via the induction of the transforming growth factor beta-signaling pathway. In addition, they inhibit post-translational modification of signal transduction proteins, resulting in G1 cell cycle arrest as well as differential expression of cell cycle- and apoptosis-related genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-(R)-4-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(+)-alpha-Limonene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(+)-limonene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(4R)-1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(4R)-1-methyl-4-prop-1-en-2-yl-cyclohexene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"(R)-(+)-limonene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(R)-1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(R)-4-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-methyl-4-isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alda 341","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alda-341","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alda341","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (4R)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Limonene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIMONENE, (+)-","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Limonene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Limonene, (+)-","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Limonene, (+)-","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Limonene, D-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0950252"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7705-13-7"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5989-27-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GFD7C86Q1W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"664042"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"664042"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H16"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"D-Limonene"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15382"}]}}{"C61709":{"preferredName":"Limonene, (+/-)-","code":"C61709","definitions":[{"description":"A racemic mixture of limonene, a natural cyclic monoterpene and major component of the oil extracted from citrus rind with chemo-preventive and antitumor activities. The metabolites of DL-limonene, perillic acid, dihydroperillic acid, uroterpenol and limonene 1,2-diol are suggested to inhibit tumor growth through inhibition of p21-dependent signaling, induce apoptosis via the induction of the transforming growth factor beta-signaling pathway, inhibit post-translational modification of signal transduction proteins, result in G1 cell cycle arrest as well as cause differential expression of cell cycle- and apoptosis-related genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+/-)-1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-methyl-4-prop-1-en-2-yl-cyclohexene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cajeputene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cinene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DL-Limonene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dipentene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eulimen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIMONENE, (+/-)-","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Limonene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Limonene, (+/-)-","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nesol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"21446"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"844"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880232"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"138-86-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9MC3I34447"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H16"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"DL-Limonene"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15384"}]}}{"C71759":{"preferredName":"Linifanib","code":"C71759","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. ABT-869 blocks the action of several growth factors. It may also block the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of angiogensis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Linifanib inhibits members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor families; it exhibits much less activity against unrelated RTKs, soluble tyrosine kinases, or serine/threonine kinases. This agent does not have a general antiproliferative effect due to its high dose requirement. However, linifanib may exhibit potent antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on tumor cells whose proliferation is dependent on mutant kinases, such as FMS-related tyrosine kinase receptor-3 (FLT3).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-869","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-869","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LINIFANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Linifanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Linifanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor ABT-869","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4048786"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"796967-16-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CO93X137CW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558913"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558913"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H18FN5O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Receptor_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_ABT-869"}]}}{"C101792":{"preferredName":"Linoleyl Carbonate-Paclitaxel","code":"C101792","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of the 6-omega fatty acid derivative 2'-linoleyl carbonate (LOC) conjugated to paclitaxel, a taxane compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia, with potential antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby interfering with the dynamics of microtubule assembly/disassembly and resulting in the inhibition of cell division. LOC enhances the uptake of paclitaxel by tumor cells, thereby concentrating this agent in tumor cells compared to normal cells, and may decrease its toxicity profile; fatty acids serve as energy sources and biochemical precursors for the fast growing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Linoleyl Carbonate-paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOC-paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Linoleyl Carbonate-Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Linoleyl Carbonate-paclitaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435910"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733643"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733643"}]}}{"C141135":{"preferredName":"Linrodostat","code":"C141135","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, linrodostat specifically targets and binds to IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, BMS-986205 restores and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymphocytes, and causes a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the IDO1-expressing tumor cells, thereby inhibiting the growth of IDO1-expressing tumor cells. IDO1, overexpressed by multiple tumor cell types, plays an important role in immunosuppression. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and subsequently suppresses the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-((1S,4S)-4-(6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)cyclohexyl)propenamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDO-1 Inhibitor BMS-986205","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-Dioxygenase Inhibitor BMS-986205","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LINRODOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Linrodostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Linrodostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO-7701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539187"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1923833-60-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0A7729F42K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791293"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791293"}]}}{"C70982":{"preferredName":"Linsitinib","code":"C70982","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks a protein called IGF-1R, which is found at high levels in some types of tumors. IGF-1R is needed for cell growth and blocking it may cause tumor cells to die. IGF-1R inhibitor OSI-906 is a type of IGF-1R inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Linsitinib selectively inhibits IGF-1R, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, IGF-1R stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cyclobutanol, 3-[8-amino-1-(2-phenyl-7-quinolinyl)imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazin-3-yl]-1-methyl, cis-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGF-1R inhibitor OSI-906","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LINSITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Linsitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Linsitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-906","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-906","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"OSI-906AA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-3-(8-Amino-1-(2-Phenylquinolin-7-yl)Imidazo(1,5-A)Pyrazin-3-yl)-1-Methylcyclobutanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346449"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"867160-71-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"15A52GPT8T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"566191"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"566191"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H23N5O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"IGF-1R_Inhibitor_OSI-906"}]}}{"C1716":{"preferredName":"Lintuzumab","code":"C1716","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes and some types of leukemia. It binds to CD33, a protein on the surface of certain normal blood stem cells and some abnormal blood cells. It causes the immune system to kill these cells. Lintuzumab is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized recombinant monoclonal antibody directed against CD33, a cell surface antigen found on myeloid leukemia blasts and early hematopoietic progenitor cells. Lintuzumab stimulates antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells expressing CD33, resulting in a decrease in tumor burden. The humanized version of this monoclonal antibody exhibits less immunogenicity and improved binding affinity compared to its murine counterpart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hu-M195 monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuG1-M195 monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized M195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LINTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lintuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lintuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb HuG1-M195","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb HuM195","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb HuM195","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuG1-M195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuM195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-33","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMART M195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zamyl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lintuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody HuM195 HuG1-M195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0530093"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"166089-32-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V00Y10W60W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42049"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42049"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_HuG1-M195"}]}}{"C2396":{"preferredName":"Liothyronine I-131","code":"C2396","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate of synthetic active thyroid hormone, liothyronine (T3), labeled with Iodine 131. Liothyronine involves many important metabolic functions and is essential to the proper development and differentiation of all cells. I131 liothyronine may be used in radiotherapy in thyroid cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I 131 Liothyronine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIOTHYRONINE I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Liothyronine I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338103"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"20196-64-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"86AZ0G22V2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39721"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39721"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H12I3NO4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"I_131_Liothyronine"}]}}{"C2581":{"preferredName":"Liothyronine Sodium","code":"C2581","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat certain thyroid (a gland located near the voice box) conditions. It is also being studied in the treatment of thyroid cancer. Cytomel is made in the laboratory and is a form of the thyroid hormone triiodthyronine (T3).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt form of liothyronine, a synthetic form of the levorotatory isomer of the naturally occurring thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3). Liothyronine sodium binds to nuclear thyroid receptors which then bind to thyroid hormone response elements of target genes. As a result, liothyronine sodium induces gene expression that is required for normal growth and development. Liothyronine sodium is more potent and has a more rapid action than thyroxine (T4).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cytomel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytomel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LIOTHYRONINE SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Liothyronine Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liothyronine Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triostat","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"liothyronine sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0546882"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"55-06-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GCA9VV7D2N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43629"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43629"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H11I3NO4.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liothyronine_Sodium"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6484"}]}}{"C116889":{"preferredName":"Lipid Encapsulated Anti-PLK1 siRNA TKM-PLK1","code":"C116889","definitions":[{"description":"short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1, STPK13), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of lipid-encapsulated anti-PLK1 siRNA TKM-PLK1, siRNA binds to PLK1 mRNA, which results in the inhibition of both the translation and expression of the PLK1 protein. Blockage of PLK1 expression prevents proper tumor cell mitosis, causes cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. This inhibits the proliferation of PLK1-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine kinase crucial in the regulation of mitosis; its expression is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. The pegylated lipid bilayer of SNALP provides stability and protects siRNA degradation; it facilitates uptake into the cell and release from endosomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipid Encapsulated Anti-PLK1 siRNA TKM-PLK1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lipid Encapsulated Anti-PLK1 siRNA TKM-PLK1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLK1 SNALP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLK1424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TKM-080301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TKM-PLK1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433763"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691765"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691765"}]}}{"C160867":{"preferredName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated mRNAs Encoding Human IL-12A/IL-12B MEDI-1191","code":"C160867","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation consisting of lipid nanoparticle encapsulated messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding human interleukin-12 subunit beta (IL-12B; IL-12 subunit p40) and interleukin-12 subunit alpha (IL-12A; IL-12 subunit p35) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action has not been completely characterized, upon intratumoral injection, the lipid nanoparticle moiety presumably binds to the plasma membrane of nearby cells and releases the IL-12A and IL-12B mRNA into the cell. The mRNA is then translated by the cellular protein translation machinery to produce a single-chain fusion protein of IL-12B and IL-12A subunits, which is secreted into the local tumor microenvironment (TME). Secretion of IL-12 activates the immune system by promoting the secretion of interferon-gamma, activating natural killer cells (NKs), and inducing cytotoxic T-cell responses, which may result in both decreased tumor cell proliferation and enhanced immune-mediated destruction of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LNP Encapsulated Human IL-12A/IL-12B mRNAs MEDI-1191","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated mRNAs Encoding Human IL-12A/IL-12B MEDI-1191","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated mRNAs Encoding Human IL-12A/IL-12B MEDI-1191","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-1191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI1191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969889"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798427"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798427"}]}}{"C142137":{"preferredName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated OX40L mRNA-2416","code":"C142137","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary formulation consisting of a lipid nanoparticle encapsulating a synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the human co-stimulatory protein tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4; OX40 Ligand; OX40L), with potential immunomodulatory and antitumor activities. Although the mechanism of action has not been completely characterized, following intratumoral injection of lipid nanoparticle encapsulated OX40L mRNA-2416, the lipid nanoparticle moiety presumably binds to the plasma membrane of nearby cells and releases the OX40L mRNA into the cell. The OX40L mRNA is then translated by the cellular protein translation machinery to produce OX40L protein, which is then expressed on the plasma membrane of the cells that internalized the OX40L mRNA. OX40L binds to and activates signaling pathways downstream of its cognate receptor tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4; OX40), which is expressed on activated T-cells. OX40L/OX40 binding promotes increased cytokine production, which can induce proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes. Altogether, this may enhance an immune response that promotes the killing of nearby tumor cells. OX40L, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family, provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated OX40L mRNA-2416","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated OX40L mRNA-2416","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated mRNA Encoding Human OX40L","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA 2416","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-2416","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540181"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791451"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791451"}]}}{"C157247":{"preferredName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating mRNAs Encoding Human OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNA-2752","code":"C157247","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid nanoparticle encapsulating mRNAs encoding for the human co-stimulatory protein tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4; OX40 Ligand; OX40L), the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-23 (IL-23) and interleukin-36gamma (IL-36gamma), with potential immunomodulatory and anti-tumor activities. Upon intratumoral (IT) injection of the lipid nanoparticle encapsulated mRNAs encoding human OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNA-2752, the lipid nanoparticle binds to the plasma membrane of cells and releases the mRNAs into the cell. The OX40L mRNA is then translated by the cellular protein translation machinery to produce OX40L protein, which is then expressed on the plasma membrane of the cells that internalized the OX40L mRNA. OX40L binds to and activates signaling pathways downstream of its cognate receptor tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4; OX40), which is expressed on activated T-cells. OX40L/OX40 binding promotes increased cytokine production, which can induce proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes against the nearby tumor cells. The co-administration of IL-23 and IL-36gamma further stimulates anti-tumor immune responses. Altogether, this may enhance T-cell mediated anti-tumor immune responses thereby killing of the tumor cells. OX40L, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand superfamily, provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells. IL-36gamma activates innate immune cells and promotes T-helper 1 (Th1) responses, whereas IL-23 has been implicated in Th1/Th17 immunity as well as in the modulation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNAs mRNA-2752","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated mRNAs Encoding Human OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNA-2752","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating mRNAs Encoding Human OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNA-2752","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating mRNAs Encoding Human OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNA-2752","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA 2752","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-2752","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA2752","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936882"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796816"}]}}{"C95718":{"preferredName":"Liposomal c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide","code":"C95718","definitions":[{"description":"The liposomal formulation of a c-raf-1 antisense oligonucleotide, with potential antineoplastic activity. Liposomal c-raf antisense oligonucleotide targets the translation initiation site of human c-raf-1 mRNA, thereby blocking the expression and production of Raf-1 protein and thus inhibit tumor cell growth and development. Raf-1 plays a key role in the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, which regulates mammalian cell proliferation and growth. The liposomal formulation increases the solubility of the c-raf antisense oligonucleotide, thus improving its pharmacodynamic profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LErafAON","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-raf Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liposome-encapsulated c-raf Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1436330"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"419645"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"419645"}]}}{"C116322":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Curcumin","code":"C116322","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation containing curcumin, a poorly water-soluble polylphenol pigment isolated from the plant Curcuma longa, with potential antineoplastic, chemopreventive, antioxidant, anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon intravenous administration of liposomal curcumin, this agent blocks the formation of reactive-oxygen species, neutralizes free radicals, and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties as a result of inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COX) and other enzymes involved in inflammation. In addition, curcumin disrupts various cell signal transduction pathways involved in carcinogenesis, inhibits the activity of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), SRC, and annexin A2 (ANXA2), and reduces the expression of both matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2). This prevents and/or inhibits tumor cell formation and proliferation. Liposome encapsulation of curcumin improves its efficacy, when compared to the administration of unencapsulated curcumin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Curcumin Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Curcumin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473656"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761276"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761276"}]}}{"C2388":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Cytarabine","code":"C2388","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the anticancer drug cytarabine that is contained inside very tiny, fat-like particles. It may have fewer side effects and work better than cytarabine. It is used to treat lymphoma that has spread to the meninges (three thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord). It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A liposomal intrathecal formulation of the antimetabolite cytarabine. As an S-phase-specific antimetabolite, cytarabine is phosphorylated by deoxycytidine kinase to a triphosphate form which competes with thymidine for incorporation into DNA; the incorporation of cytarabine triphosphate into DNA appears to inhibit DNA polymerase and so DNA synthesis, resulting in cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cytarabine Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTC 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Cyt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DepoCyt","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DepoCyte","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DepoFoam Encapsulated Cytarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Encapsulated Cytarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Cytarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposomal Cytarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal cytarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"cytarabine liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"liposomal cytarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"715320"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0795597"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Lymphomatous meningitis"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42260"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42260"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liposomal_Cytarabine"}]}}{"C2213":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Daunorubicin Citrate","code":"C2213","definitions":[{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated form of the citrate salt of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunorubicin. Daunorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. Liposomal delivery of doxorubicin citrate improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of therapeutic drug effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DaunoXome","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin (Liposomal)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin Citrate Liposome Injection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin Liposomal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Daunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Daunorubicin Citrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposomal Daunorubicin Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"697732"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0717668"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia; Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia; Advanced HIV-associated Karposi Sarcoma."},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37796"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37796"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liposomal_Daunorubicin_Citrate"}]}}{"C92581":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Docetaxel","code":"C92581","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of the poorly soluble, semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane docetaxel encapsulated within liposomes, with antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, docetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This liposomal formulation solubilizes docetaxel without the use of toxic solvents such as Tween 80, permitting the administration of larger doses of docetaxel while avoiding solvent-associated toxicity, including hypersensitivity reactions. In addition, liposomal delivery of docetaxel improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of therapeutic drug effects while lowering the toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LE-DT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Docetaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposomal Docetaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome Entrapped Docetaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL423830"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684963"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684963"}]}}{"C111899":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Eribulin Mesylate","code":"C111899","definitions":[{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated formulation of the mesylate salt form of eribulin, a synthetic, macrocyclic ketone analogue of halichondrin B, a substance derived from the marine sponge genus Halichondria, with potential antineoplastic activity. Eribulin binds to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibits both the polymerization of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules. This results in the inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, the induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, as well as tumor cell apoptosis. Compared to the administration of eribulin alone, liposomal delivery of eribulin allows for a longer half-life, which allows increased drug concentration in target tissues while decreasing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E7389 Liposomal Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7389-LF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Eribulin Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454231"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753504"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753504"}]}}{"C111688":{"preferredName":"Liposomal HPV-16 E6/E7 Multipeptide Vaccine PDS0101","code":"C111688","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal nanoparticle-based therapeutic vaccine composed of the cationic lipid R-DOTAP (R-enantiomer of 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane chloride) encapsulating six human papillomavirus 16 (HPV-16) E6 and E7 peptides, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon subcutaneous administration of the liposomal HPV-16 E6 and E7 multipeptide vaccine, the nanoparticles are taken up by antigen presenting cells (APCs), specifically dendritic cells (DCs), which may stimulate the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response (CTL) against HPV-16 E6 and E7-expressing tumor cells. HPV-16 E6 and E7 are oncoproteins that play a key role in the tumorigenesis of a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposomal HPV-16 E6/E7 Multipeptide Vaccine PDS0101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposomal HPV-16 E6/E7 Multipeptide Vaccine PDS0101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDS0101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mmunoMAPK-RDOTAP /HPV-16 E6/E7 Peptide Antigen Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454078"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752827"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752827"}]}}{"C82676":{"preferredName":"Irinotecan Sucrosofate","code":"C82676","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation of the semisynthetic camptothecin analogue irinotecan with potential antineoplastic activity. During the S phase of the cell cycle, irinotecan selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing lethal double-strand DNA breaks when complexes are encountered by the DNA replication machinery. Liposome encapsulation of this agent promotes efficient drug delivery into the cytosol from the endosome compartment of the cell.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IRINOTECAN SUCROSOFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Irinotecan Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irinotecan Sucrosofate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Irinotecan Sucrosofate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MM-398","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoliposomal Irinotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Liposome Formulation of Irinotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onivyde","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nal-IRI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4057931"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1361317-83-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OL741S3N8B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632436"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"632436"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liposome-Encapsulated_Irinotecan_Hydrochloride_PEP02"}]}}{"C116064":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride","code":"C116064","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the anthracenedione antibiotic mitoxantrone encapsulated within liposomes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, mitoxantrone intercalates into and forms crosslinks with DNA, thereby disrupting DNA and RNA replication. This agent also binds to topoisomerase II, which both results in DNA strand breaks and prevents DNA synthesis. This leads to the induction of apoptosis in the rapidly dividing cancer cells. The liposomal delivery of mitoxantrone improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing drug circulation and therapeutic efficacy while lowering the toxic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposomal Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473483"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760808"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760808"}]}}{"C101262":{"preferredName":"Liposomal MUC1/PET-lipid A Vaccine ONT-10","code":"C101262","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a 43 amino acid epitope from glycoprotein MUC1 (mucin 1) and the synthetic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) agonist PET lipid A encapsulated in cholesterol/dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)/dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DMPG) liposomes, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The MUC1 epitope is composed of two 20 amino glycosylated VNTR (various number tandem repeats) from human MUC1A and including 6 glycosylated sites modified by Tn (alfa-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine). Immunization of liposomal MUC1/PET-lipid A vaccine ONT-10 results in an antibody as well as a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against hypoglycosylated MUC1 expressing tumor cells. The tumor associated antigen MUC1, a type I transmembrane protein, is overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated in a variety of tumor cells. As a vaccine adjuvant, PET lipid A, also known as penta erythritol lipid A, stimulates both cellular and humoral responses to the vaccine antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposomal MUC1/PET-lipid A Vaccine ONT-10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONT-10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435510"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729635"}]}}{"C1383":{"preferredName":"Liposomal NDDP","code":"C1383","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic liposomal formulation of bis-neodecanoate diaminocyclohexane platinum (NDDP), a third-generation platinum complex analogue of cisplatin, with potential antineoplastic activity. After displacement of the 2 long-chain aliphatic leaving groups (neodecanoic acid), platinum diaminocyclohexane (DACH) complexes become highly reactive and alkylate macromolecules, forming both inter- and intra-stranded DNA cross-linkings and inhibiting DNA synthesis, which results in tumor cell cytotoxicity. Because DNA mismatch-repair (MMR) complexes do not recognize DACH-platinum adducts, DNA repair mechanisms are inhibited, overcoming limitations observed with other platinum-based agents. In addition, the liposomal encapsulation improves the bioavailability of NDDP and reduces its toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aroplatin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-NDDP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal NDDP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Neodecanoic Acid Platinum Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal-Cisplatin Analogue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal-Entrapped Cis-Bis-Neodecanoate-trans-R,R-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane Platinum (II)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0125061"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"114488-24-3"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43010"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43010"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liposomal-Cisplatin_Analogue"}]}}{"C107679":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Rhenium Re 186","code":"C107679","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic preparation consisting of the beta-emitting radioisotope rhenium Re 186 encapsulated in a nanoliposome, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral infusion of liposomal rhenium Re 186, the radioisotope releases radiation, which directly kills the tumor cells. The nanoliposomes facilitate the retention of the radioisotope by the tumor cells and localize the radiocytotoxicity to the tumor while sparing surrounding normal, healthy cells. Re-186 has a short half-life and a short path length, which contributes further to limiting the radiotoxicity to the tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(186)Re-Liposomes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"186RNL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Rhenium Re 186","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Rhenium-186","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium-186 Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL451869"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751420"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751420"}]}}{"C95717":{"preferredName":"Liposomal SN-38","code":"C95717","definitions":[{"description":"The liposomal formulation of SN-38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin), a biologically active metabolite of the prodrug irinotecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. SN-38 binds to and inhibits topoisomerase I by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication, and apoptosis. SN-38 has been reported to exhibit up to 1,000-fold more cytotoxic activity against various cancer cells in vitro than irinotecan. The liposomal formulation of SN-38 increases the solubility of SN-38, which is a relatively insoluble compound, and improves the pharmacodynamic profile as compared to SN-38 alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LE-SN38","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal SN-38","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN-38 Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328201"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355805"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355805"}]}}{"C165505":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Topotecan FF-10850","code":"C165505","definitions":[{"description":"A liposome encapsulated formulation of the semisynthetic camptothecin analogue topotecan with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, liposomal topotecan FF-10850 preferentially releases topotecan, a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminate, into the tumor environment. Topotecan inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S phase of the cell cycle, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. The novel liposome used in this agent prolongs its serum half-life while promoting efficient drug delivery into the cytosol from the endosome compartment of the tumor cell, which may minimize the adverse effect of bone marrow suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FF 10850","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF-10850","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FF10850","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Topotecan FF-10850","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposomal Topotecan FF-10850","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978696"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799933"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799933"}]}}{"C62790":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Vinorelbine","code":"C62790","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of the semisynthetic vinca alkaloid, vinorelbine, encapsulated within liposomes, with antineoplastic activity. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin and prevents formation of the mitotic spindle, resulting in cell cycle arrest in metaphase. Like other vinca alkaloids, vinorelbine may also interfere with the metabolism of nucleic acids, lipids, amino acids, cAMP, and glutathione, as well as other biological processes including calmodulin-dependent Ca2+-transport, ATPase activity, or cellular respiration. Liposomal delivery of vinorelbine improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of therapeutic effects while lowering the toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposomal Vinorelbine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831959"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"507579"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"507579"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liposomal_Vinorelbine"}]}}{"C135619":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Vinorelbine Tartrate","code":"C135619","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of the tartrate salt form of vinorelbine, a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid, encapsulated within liposomes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, vinorelbine binds to tubulin within tumor cells and prevents the formation of the mitotic spindle, resulting in cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis and an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Compared to the administration of vinorelbine alone, the liposomal formulation improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing vinorelbine's efficacy while lowering the toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposomal Vinorelbine Tartrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposomal Vinorelbine Tartrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLC-178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLC178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522975"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789502"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789502"}]}}{"C67504":{"preferredName":"Liposome-encapsulated Daunorubicin-Cytarabine","code":"C67504","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation containing a fixed combination of the antineoplastic agents cytarabine and daunorubicin in a 5:1 molar ratio. Liposome-encapsulated daunorubicin-cytarabine has been designed to provide optimal delivery of a specific ratio of cytarabine to daunorubicin, one that has been shown to be synergistic in vitro. The antimetabolite cytarabine competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA, inhibiting DNA synthesis. This agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, resulting in a decrease in DNA replication and repair. Daunorubicin, an intercalator and a topoisomerase II inhibitor, prevents DNA replication and inhibits protein synthesis. This agent also generates oxygen free radicals, resulting in the cytotoxic lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPX-351","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytarabine-Daunorubicin Liposome for Injection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin and Cytarabine (Liposomal)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Liposomal AraC-Daunorubicin CPX-351","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Cytarabine-Daunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated Combination of Daunorubicin and Cytarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated Daunorubicin-Cytarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated Daunorubicin-Cytarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated Daunorubicin-Cytarabine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Vyxeos","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL372099"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"treatment of adults with newly-diagnosed therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) or AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC)."},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"554979"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"554979"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liposomal_Cytarabine-Daunorubicin_CPX-351"}]}}{"C61317":{"preferredName":"Liposome-Encapsulated Doxorubicin Citrate","code":"C61317","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the anticancer drug doxorubicin citrate that is contained inside very tiny, fat-like particles. It is being studied in the treatment of breast cancer that has spread and in the treatment of other types of cancer. Doxorubicin citrate damages DNA and may kill cancer cells. Liposomal-encapsulated doxorubicin citrate may have fewer side effects and may work better than doxorubicin citrate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A formulation of the citrate salt of the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, encapsulated within liposomes, with antitumor activity. Doxorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis. This agent also interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. Liposomal delivery of doxorubicin improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of therapeutic drug effects while lowering the toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposome-Encapsulated Doxorubicin Citrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposome-Encapsulated Doxorubicin Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myocet","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512062"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481301"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481301"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liposome-Encapsulated_Doxorubicin_Citrate"}]}}{"C105802":{"preferredName":"Liposome-encapsulated miR-34 Mimic MRX34","code":"C105802","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation containing a nucleotide that mimics the human tumor suppressor microRNA (miRNA) miR-34, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, liposome-encapsulated MRX34 mimics miR-34 by inhibiting the expression of a variety of oncogenes including MYC, MET, BCL2, and beta-catenin. This induces cell cycle arrest, senescence and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. miR-34 is downregulated in most solid and hematologic malignancies and regulates the expression of a variety of genes. This miRNA plays an important role in the inhibition of cancer cell stemness, metastasis and cancer cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated miR-34 Mimic MRX34","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated miR-34 Mimic MRX34","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRX34","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447293"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747643"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747643"}]}}{"C38694":{"preferredName":"Liposome-encapsulated OSI-7904","code":"C38694","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called thymidylate synthase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated formulation of the benzoquinazoline folate analog OSI-7904 with antineoplastic activity. As a thymidylate synthase inhibitor, OSI-7904 noncompetitively binds to thymidylate synthase, resulting in inhibition of thymine nucleotide synthesis and DNA replication. Liposome encapsulation improves the efficacy and increases the half-life of OSI-7904. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GS7904L","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated OSI-7904","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-7904","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OSI-7904L","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-7904L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328144"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ON177ZCE7M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352016"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352016"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"OSI-7904L"}]}}{"C106271":{"preferredName":"Liposome-encapsulated RB94 Plasmid DNA Gene Therapy Agent SGT-94","code":"C106271","definitions":[{"description":"A systemic gene therapy anti-cancer agent composed of cationic liposomes, which encapsulates plasmid DNA encoding for the tumor suppressor gene RB94 and is complexed with anti-transferrin receptor single chain antibody fragment (TfRscFv), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon systemic administration of liposome-encapsulated RB94 plasmid DNA gene therapy agent SGT-94, the TfRscFv portion of this agent selectively targets the tumor cells expressing transferrin receptors. TfRscFv binding to the transferrin receptor allows receptor-mediated endocytosis and transfection, followed by the expression of RB94 gene. This induces tumor cell apoptosis through an as of yet unknown pathway. RB94 is a modified, N-terminal truncated form of the full-length protein retinoblastoma gene RB110, and exerts enhanced antitumor activity. The transferrin receptor (TfR) functions in cellular iron uptake through its interaction with transferrin, and is overexpressed in a variety of tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated RB94 Plasmid DNA Gene Therapy Agent SGT-94","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated RB94 Plasmid DNA Gene Therapy Agent SGT-94","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGT-94","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TfRscFv/Lip/RB94","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433963"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724243"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"724243"}]}}{"C103820":{"preferredName":"Lirilumab","code":"C103820","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody against killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lirilumab binds to KIR, thereby preventing the binding of KIR ligands to KIR on natural killer (NK) cells. By blocking these inhibitory receptors, NK cells become activated and attack cancer cells leading to tumor cell death. KIR, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is expressed on the surface of NK cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-986015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH2102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIRILUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lirilumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lirilumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438303"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1000676-41-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S9XDI9W918"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742530"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742530"}]}}{"C97664":{"preferredName":"Lisavanbulin","code":"C97664","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, highly water-soluble lysine prodrug of the synthetic small molecule BAL27862 with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration of lisavanbulin and conversion into the active form BAL27862, this agent binds to tubulin at a site distinct from the vinca-alkaloid-binding site, and prevents tubulin polymerization and destabilizes microtubules, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest, blockage of cell division and an induction of cell death in cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S)-2,6-Diamino-N-(4-(2-(2-(4-((2-cyanoethyl)amino)-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)acetyl)phenyl)hexanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAL-101553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAL101553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LISAVANBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lisavanbulin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lisavanbulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273554"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1263384-43-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5PT0QP06X5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"706747"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"706747"}]}}{"C125192":{"preferredName":"Lisocabtagene Maraleucel","code":"C125192","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of a defined ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, lisocabtagene maraleucel is directed to and induces selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. Devoid of both ligand binding domains and tyrosine kinase activity, the expressed EGFRt both facilitates in vivo detection of the administered, transduced T-cells and can promote elimination of those cells through a cetuximab-induced antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response. The 4-1BB costimulatory signaling domain enhances both proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19-CAR Genetically Engineered Autologous T Lymphocytes JCAR017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19-CAR Genetically Engineered Autologous T-lymphocytes JCAR017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19-EGFRt-4-1BB-zeta-modified CAR CD8+ and CD4+ T-lymphocytes JCAR017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breyanzi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCAR 017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCAR017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LISOCABTAGENE MARALEUCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lisocabtagene Maraleucel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lisocabtagene Maraleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504006"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with certain types of large B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7K2YOJ14X0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778386"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778386"}]}}{"C120103":{"preferredName":"Listeria monocytogenes-LLO-PSA Vaccine ADXS31-142","code":"C120103","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing a live-attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding a fusion protein composed of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific antigen (PSA) fused to a fragment of the immunostimulant listeriolysin O (LLO) protein, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the Lm-LLO-PSA vaccine ADXS31-142, the expressed LLO-PSA is processed by antigen presenting cells (APCs), presented to the immune system by both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II molecules, and activates the immune system to exert both an innate and adaptive immune response involving the recruitment and activation of T-lymphocytes against PSA-expressing tumor cells as well as the inhibition of tumor-infiltrating T regulatory cells (T regs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). This eventually results in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADXS-PSA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADXS31-142","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Listeria monocytogenes-LLO-PSA Vaccine ADXS31-142","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Listeria monocytogenes-LLO-PSA Vaccine ADXS31-142","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lm-LLO-PSA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896925"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767990"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767990"}]}}{"C88328":{"preferredName":"Litronesib","code":"C88328","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the kinesin-related motor protein Eg5 with potential antineoplastic activity. Litronesib selectively inhibits the activity of Eg5, which may result in mitotic disruption, apoptosis and consequently cell death in tumor cells that are actively dividing. The ATP-dependent Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein (also known as KIF11 or kinesin spindle protein-5) is a plus-end directed kinesin motor protein that plays an essential role during mitosis, particularly in the regulation of spindle dynamics, including assembly and maintenance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KF89617","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LITRONESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY2523355","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Litronesib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Litronesib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanamide, N-[4-(2,2-dimethyl-1-oxopropyl)-5-[[[[2-(ethylamino)ethyl]sulfonyl] amino]methyl]-4,5-dihydro-5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethyl-, (-)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981845"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"910634-41-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6611F8KYCV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661443"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661443"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H37N5O4S2"}]}}{"C125631":{"preferredName":"Opolimogene Capmilisbac","code":"C125631","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, live-attenuated, double-deleted (LADD) strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding multiple, as of yet undisclosed, tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, opolimogene capmilisbac is taken up by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). The TAAs are subsequently expressed by the APCs and then processed and presented to the immune system by both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules. This activates the immune system and leads to the recruitment and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) against the TAA-expressing tumor cells, eventually resulting in tumor cell lysis. Two genes contributing to the virulence of Lm have been removed to minimize the risk of infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADU-741","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-64041809","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-809","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OPOLIMOGENE CAPMILISBAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Opolimogene Capmilisbac","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Opolimogene Capmilisbac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504330"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2O95SM11L5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778079"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778079"}]}}{"C74055":{"preferredName":"Live-Attenuated Listeria Encoding Human Mesothelin Vaccine CRS-207","code":"C74055","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant Listeria-based cancer vaccine containing a live-attenuated strain of the facultative intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) expressing human mesothelin with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of this vaccine, Listeria invade professional phagocytes within the immune system and express mesothelin, which may activate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against mesothelin-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. In addition, the Listeria vector itself may induce a potent innate and adaptive immunity unrelated to mesothelin expression. Mesothelin is a cell surface glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion and is overexpressed in many epithelial-derived cancers, including pancreatic, ovarian and lung cancers, and malignant mesotheliomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRS-207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LADD Listeria monocytogenes CRS-207","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Live-Attenuated Listeria Encoding Human Mesothelin Vaccine CRS-207","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Live-Attenuated Listeria Encoding Human Mesothelin Vaccine CRS-207","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383482"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586104"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586104"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Live-Attenuated_Listeria_Encoding_Human_Mesothelin_Vaccine_CRS-207"}]}}{"C111998":{"preferredName":"Live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes-encoding EGFRvIII-NY-ESO-1 Vaccine ADU-623","code":"C111998","definitions":[{"description":"A live-attenuated, double-deleted strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding a mutant form of the tumor associated antigens, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRvIII) and the cancer/testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes encoding EGFRvIII-NY-ESO-1 vaccine targets dendritic cells and expresses EGFRvIII and NY-ESO-1. This promotes both a potent innate immune response and an adaptive immune response involving the recruitment and activation of T lymphocytes against EGFRvIII and NY-ESO-1-expressing tumor cells, which results in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADU-623","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes-encoding EGFRvIII-NY-ESO-1 Vaccine ADU-623","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454287"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754227"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754227"}]}}{"C131910":{"preferredName":"Liver X Receptor beta Agonist RGX-104","code":"C131910","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable agonist of the nuclear receptor liver X receptor beta (LXRbeta; NR1H2; LXR-b), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, LXRbeta agonist RGX-104 selectively targets and binds to LXRbeta, thereby activating LXRbeta-mediated signaling, leading to the transcription of certain tumor suppressor genes and the downregulation of certain tumor promoter genes. This particularly activates the expression of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), a tumor suppressor protein, in tumor cells and certain immune cells. This activates the innate immune system, resulting in depletion of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor cells and endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment. This reverses immune evasion, enhances anti-tumor immune responses and inhibits proliferation of tumor cells. LXRbeta, a member of the oxysterol receptor family, which is in the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors, plays a key role in cholesterol transport, glucose metabolism and the modulation of inflammatory responses; activation of LXRbeta suppresses tumor cell invasion, angiogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis in a variety of tumor cell types. The expression of the ApoE protein becomes silenced in human cancers as they grow, become invasive, and metastasize; ApoE silencing is related to reduced survival in cancer patients. The LXR-ApoE pathway regulates the ability of cancers to evade the immune system and recruit blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LXR-b Agonist RGX-104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver X Receptor beta Agonist RGX-104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RGX 104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RGX-104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RGX104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520758"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786379"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786379"}]}}{"C148380":{"preferredName":"Lm-tLLO-neoantigens Vaccine ADXS-NEO","code":"C148380","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, personalized plasmid DNA-based cancer vaccine composed of a live-attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) carrying a proprietary plasmid vector encoding multiple, patient-specific, immunogenic neoepitopes fused to a truncated form of the immunostimulant listeriolysin O (tLLO), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the Lm-tLLO-neoantigens vaccine ADXS-NEO, the ADXS-NEO is taken up by antigen presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs), and the expressed tLLO-neoantigens fusion protein is processed and presented to the immune system by both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II molecules. This activates the immune system to exert both innate and adaptive immune responses involving the recruitment and activation of T-lymphocytes against the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) specifically expressed by the patient's tumor cells, and inhibits the immunosuppressive tumor-infiltrating T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This results in tumor cell lysis. The various unique mutation-derived TAAs that are used in ADXS-NEO are identified from a biopsy of the patient's tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADXS NEO","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADXS-NEO","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lm-tLLO-neoantigens Vaccine ADXS-NEO","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lm-tLLO-neoantigens Vaccine ADXS-NEO","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoepitope-based Immunotherapeutic ADXS-NEO","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551029"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793901"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793901"}]}}{"C2499":{"preferredName":"LMB-1 Immunotoxin","code":"C2499","definitions":[{"description":"A toxic substance linked to an antibody that attaches to tumor cells and kills them.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chimeric protein consisting of the Fv portion of a monoclonal antibody attached to a fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin A without its cell-binding region. LMB-1 immunotoxin targets B3, a Lewis Y-related carbohydrate epitope found on some solid tumors. The antibody attaches to the tumor cell and the exotoxin stops protein synthesis by inactivating elongation factor 2. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B3-NLysPE38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin LMB-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin LMB-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-1 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-1 immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"651311"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796420"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43265"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43265"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LMB-1_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C2513":{"preferredName":"LMB-2 Immunotoxin","code":"C2513","definitions":[{"description":"A toxic substance linked to an antibody that attaches to tumor cells and kills them.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fusion protein consisting of the Fv portion of a monoclonal antibody attached to a 38-kDa fragment of the Pseudomonas exotoxin A (with amino acids 365-380 deleted). LMB-2 immunotoxin targets the interleukin 2 receptor (also known as IL-2R or CD25) which is expressed on activated normal T and B cells and macrophages and on the cells of various hematologic malignancies. The antibody attaches to the IL-2R on the cell membrane, facilitating the entry of the exotoxin. The exotoxin moiety induces caspase-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage; it also catalyzes the transfer of ADP ribose from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to elongation factor-2 in eukaryotic cells, thereby inactivating elongation factor 2 and inhibiting protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Tac(Fv)-PE38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized AntiTac Toxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin LMB-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-2 (Anti-TAC(FV)-PE-38)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-2 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LMB-2 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-2 immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"676422"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0655013"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43377"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43377"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LMB-2_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C1619":{"preferredName":"LMB-7 Immunotoxin","code":"C1619","definitions":[{"description":"A toxic substance linked to an antibody that attaches to tumor cells and kills them.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A single chain chimeric protein consisting of a monoclonal antibody fragment attached to a portion of the Pseudomonas exotoxin A. LMB-7 immunotoxin attaches to B3, a Lewis Y-related carbohydrate epitope on some solid tumor cells. The antibody attaches to the cell and the exotoxin inhibits protein synthesis by inactivating elongation factor 2. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B3(Fv)-PE38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B3(Fv)-PE38 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB21(Fv)PE40","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin LMB-7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin LMB-7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-7 (Single-Chain Immunotoxin)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-7 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-7 immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"659639"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"658931"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0296314"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42683"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42683"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LMB-7_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C2472":{"preferredName":"LMB-9 Immunotoxin","code":"C2472","definitions":[{"description":"A toxic substance linked to an antibody that attaches to tumor cells and kills them.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant disulfide stabilized anti-Lewis Y IgG immunotoxin containing a 38 KD toxic element derived from the Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A and a monoclonal antibody fragment, designed to target adenocarcinomas expressing Lewis Y. LMB-9 immunotoxin attaches to tumor cells, facilitating he entry of the exotoxin. The exotoxin moiety induces caspase-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage; it also catalyzes the transfer of ADP ribose from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to elongation factor-2 in eukaryotic cells, thereby inactivating elongation factor 2 and inhibiting protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B3 (dsFv)-PE38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin LMB-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-9 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMB-9 immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"691236"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0678023"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43018"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43018"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LMB-9_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C121541":{"preferredName":"LmddA-LLO-chHER2 Fusion Protein-secreting Live-attenuated Listeria Cancer Vaccine ADXS31-164","code":"C121541","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing a live, highly attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (LmddA) encoding a fusion protein composed of a chimeric peptide comprised of three highly immunogenic epitopes of the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HER2/neu (chHER2) fused to a non-hemolytic fragment of the immunostimulant listeriolysin O (LLO) protein, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the LmddA-LLO-chHER2 vaccine ADXS31-142, the LmddA is taken up by phagocytic cells; then the listeriolysin portion of the expressed LLO-chHER2 can form pores in the phagolysosomes and the fusion protein can escape into the cytosol. In turn, the LLO-chHER2 is processed and presented to the immune system by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I on the phagocytic cells. Antigen presentation activates the immune system to exert an immune response involving the recruitment and activation of T-lymphocytes against HER2-expressing tumor cells, and inhibits tumor-infiltrating T regulatory cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). This eventually results in tumor cell lysis. HER2/neu, a tyrosine kinase receptor belonging to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, is overexpressed in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADXS31-164","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LmddA-LLO-chHER2 Fusion Protein-secreting Live-attenuated Listeria Cancer Vaccine ADXS31-164","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LmddA-LLO-chHER2 Fusion Protein-secreting Live-attenuated Listeria Cancer Vaccine ADXS31-164","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053682"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770190"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770190"}]}}{"C62767":{"preferredName":"LMP-2:340-349 Peptide Vaccine","code":"C62767","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine containing amino acids residues from 340 through 349 of the latent membrane protein-2 (LMP-2) of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. LMP-2, an EBV transmembrane protein, is expressed in various malignancies including nasopharyngeal cancer and EBV-positive Hodgkin disease. Vaccination with the LMP-2:340-349 peptide may boost the immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against LMP-2 producing cells, resulting in cell lysis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LMP-2:340-349 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831952"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504594"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504594"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LMP-2_340-349_Peptide_Vaccine"}]}}{"C62768":{"preferredName":"LMP-2:419-427 Peptide Vaccine","code":"C62768","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine containing amino acids residues from 419 through 427 of the latent membrane protein-2 (LMP-2) of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. LMP-2, an EBV transmembrane protein, is expressed in various malignancies including nasopharyngeal cancer and EBV-positive Hodgkin disease. Vaccination with the LMP-2:49-427 peptide may boost the immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against LMP-2 producing cells, resulting in cell lysis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LMP-2:419-427 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831953"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504596"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504596"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LMP-2_419-427_Peptide_Vaccine"}]}}{"C1434":{"preferredName":"Lobaplatin","code":"C1434","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that contains the metal platinum and may kill cancer cells by damaging their DNA and stopping them from dividing. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A third-generation, water-soluble platinum compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Lobaplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes that bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC- and AG-rich sites in DNA, inducing intrastrand DNA cross-links. These cross-links will ultimately result in induction of apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Compared to first and second generation platinum compounds, lobaplatin appears to be more stable, less toxic, have a better therapeutic index and may overcome tumor resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-diammino-methy lcyclobutane-platinum (II) lactate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-19466","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOBAPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lobaplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lobaplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"21034513"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0165747"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"135558-11-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OX5XK1JD8C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41669"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41669"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H14N2.C3H4O3.Pt"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lobaplatin"}]}}{"C979":{"preferredName":"Lometrexol","code":"C979","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antifolates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A folate analog antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. As the 6R diastereomer of 5,10-dideazatetrahydrofolate, lometrexol inhibits glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT), the enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the de novo purine biosynthetic pathway, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis, arresting cells in the S phase of the cell cycle, and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. The agent has been shown to be active against tumors that are resistant to the folate antagonist methotrexate. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6R)-DDATHF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6R-5,10-Dideazatetrahydrofolate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Glutamic acid, N-(4-(2-((6R)-2-amino-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4-oxopyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-6-yl)ethyl)benzoyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Glutamic acid, N-(4-(2-(2-amino-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4-oxopyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-6-yl)ethyl)benzoyl)-, (R)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOMETREXOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lometrexol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lometrexol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine, L-glutamic acid derivative (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lometrexol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"660025"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048852"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"106400-81-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6P3AVY8A7Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41670"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41670"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H25N5O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lometrexol"}]}}{"C90623":{"preferredName":"Lometrexol Sodium","code":"C90623","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt form of lometrexol, a folate analogue antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. As the stereoisomer of 5,10-dideazatetrahydrofolate, lometrexol selectively inhibits glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT), the enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the de novo purine biosynthetic pathway, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis and leading to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. The agent has been shown to be active against tumors that are resistant to the folate antagonist methotrexate, but causes severe, dose-limiting toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LOMETREXOL SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY264618 Disodium","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lometrexol Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983806"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"120408-07-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"US81N1145T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H23N5O6.2Na"}]}}{"C617":{"preferredName":"Lomustine","code":"C617","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Lomustine alkylates and crosslinks DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent also carbamoylates DNA and proteins, resulting in inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and disruption of RNA processing. Lomustine is lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Nitrosourea, 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Belustin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Belustine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Belustine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cecenu","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cecenu","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CeeNU","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CeeNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chloroethylcyclo- hexylnitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chloroethylcyclohexylnitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chloroethylcyclohexylnitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citostal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleostine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lomeblastin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lomustine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lomustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lomustinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lucostin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lucostine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-Chloroethyl)-N'-cyclohexyl-N-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-(2-chloroethyl)-N'-cyclohexyl-N-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prava","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RB-1509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-139017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lomustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"79037"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023972"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"13010-47-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Brain tumors; Hodgkins disease"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7BRF0Z81KG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43065"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43065"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H16ClN3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lomustine"}]}}{"C1829":{"preferredName":"Lonafarnib","code":"C1829","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called enzyme inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic tricyclic derivative of carboxamide with antineoplastic properties. Lonarfanib binds to and inhibits farnesyl transferase, an enzyme involved in the post-translational modification and activation of Ras proteins. Ras proteins participate in numerous signalling pathways (proliferation, cytoskeletal organization), and play an important role in oncogenesis. Mutated ras proteins have been found in a wide range of human cancers. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[2-[4-(3,10-Dibromo-8-chloro-6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-yl)-1-piperidinyl]-2-oxoethyl]-1-piperidinecarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-[2-[4-[(11R)-3,10-Dibromo-8-chloro-6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-yl]-1-piperidinyl]-2-oxoethyl]-1-piperidinecarboxamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"LONAFARNIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lonafarnib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lonafarnib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 66336","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 66336","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SCH-66336","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH-66336","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SCH66336","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarasar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lonafarnib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"719467"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1257385"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"193275-84-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IOW153004F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43503"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43503"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H31Br2ClN4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lonafarnib"}]}}{"C125549":{"preferredName":"Loncastuximab Tesirine","code":"C125549","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an anti-CD19 humanized monoclonal antibody conjugated, via a cleavable linker comprised of valine-alanine and maleimide, to a cytotoxic, cross-linking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, which targets DNA minor grooves, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody portion of loncastuximab tesirine targets the cell surface antigen CD19 on various cancer cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. The imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces interstrand cross-links in the minor groove of DNA and inhibits DNA replication, which inhibits the proliferation of CD19-overexpressing tumor cells. CD19, a transmembrane receptor and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is expressed on a number of B-cell-derived cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ADCT-402","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT-402","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 PBD-conjugate ADCT-402","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LONCASTUXIMAB TESIRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Loncastuximab Tesirine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Loncastuximab Tesirine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504277"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1879918-31-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7K5O7P6QIU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778954"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778954"}]}}{"C116067":{"preferredName":"Long Peptide Vaccine 7","code":"C116067","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine consisting of a combination of seven synthetic long peptides (SLPs), which are each about 30 amino acids in size, and derived from cancer-testis antigens (CTA) and melanocytic differentiation proteins (MDP), with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, long peptide vaccine 7 may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these peptides. CTA and MDP are overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LPV7","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Long Peptide Vaccine 7","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Long Peptide Vaccine 7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473486"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760895"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760895"}]}}{"C113656":{"preferredName":"Long-acting Release Pasireotide","code":"C113656","definitions":[{"description":"A long-acting release (LAR) formulation containing pasireotide, a synthetic long-acting cyclohexapeptide, with somatostatin-like activity. Upon intramuscular administration of the LAR formulation of pasireotide, this somatostatin analog strongly binds to and activates somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtypes 1, 2, 3, and 5. This leads to an inhibition in the secretion of human growth hormone (hGH) and results in decreased production of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), which may inhibit IGF-1-mediated cell signaling pathways. This may lead to an inhibition in tumor cell growth and an increase in apoptosis in IGF-1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent causes a reduction in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which leads to an inhibition of cortisol secretion. ACTH-producing tumors cause hypersecretion of cortisol which results in many unwanted symptoms. This agent may also block other key survival pathways such as the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Pasireotide also inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion, thereby decreasing angiogenesis and tumor cell growth in VEGF-overexpressing tumor cells. The long-acting form of pasireotide allows for less frequent administration as compared to the original form of this agent. SSTRs are overexpressed by some neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LAR Pasireotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Long-acting Release Pasireotide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Long-acting Release Pasireotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOM230 LAR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458369"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756940"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756940"}]}}{"C2830":{"preferredName":"Lontucirev","code":"C2830","definitions":[{"description":"A modified cold virus that selectively grows in and destroys certain types of cancer cells and leaves normal cells undamaged.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An E1B-55kDa-deleted adenovirus that is able to selectively replicate in and lyse TP53-deficient human tumor cells. After tumor cell lysis, released viruses infect neighboring tumor cells, tripping a chain of lontucirev-mediated tumor cell cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CI 1042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-1042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E1B 55kDa mutant adenovirus dl1520","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E1B-Attenuated Adenovirus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LONTUCIREV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lontucirev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lontucirev (Replicating Adenovirus)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONYX-015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONYX-015","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"688653"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0678040"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"437981-77-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F1F4B2ILM1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43035"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43035"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ONYX-015"}]}}{"C113655":{"preferredName":"Lorlatinib","code":"C113655","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, ATP-competitive inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and C-ros oncogene 1 (Ros1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lorlatinib binds to and inhibits both ALK and ROS1 kinases. The kinase inhibition leads to disruption of ALK- and ROS1-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK- and ROS1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, PF-06463922 is able to cross the blood brain barrier. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development; ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. ROS1, overexpressed in certain cancer cells, plays a key role in cell growth and survival of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-4,8-Methenopyrazolo(4,3-H)(2,5,11)benzoxadiazacyclotetradecine-3-carbonitrile, 7-amino-12-fluoro-10,15,16,17-tetrahydro-2,10,16-trimethyl-15-oxo-, (10R)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Amino-12-fluoro-2,10,16-trimethyl-15-oxo-10,15,16,17-tetrahydro-2H-8,4-(metheno)pyrazolo(4,3-h)(2,5,11)benzoxadiazacyclotetradecine-3-carbonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LORLATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lorbrena","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lorlatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lorlatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06463922","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3884739"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1454846-35-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OSP71S83EU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756930"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756930"}]}}{"C162537":{"preferredName":"Lorukafusp alfa","code":"C162537","definitions":[{"description":"An immunocytokine comprised of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the surface disialoganglioside GD2, fused to two human interleukin (IL)-2 molecules with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon intravenous administration, the antibody moiety of lorukafusp alfa specifically targets and binds to GD2 expressed on certain tumor cells. This may stimulate the activation of immune effector cells including natural killer (NK) and T-cells, leading to tumor cell death via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and GD2-specifc T-cell responses. The glycosphingolipid GD2 is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of many tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APN 301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APN-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APN301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 273063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD-273063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu14.18-IL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LORUKAFUSP ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lorukafusp alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971111"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2131168-99-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PL21OR4LXE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C38714":{"preferredName":"Lorvotuzumab Mertansine","code":"C38714","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that combines a monoclonal antibody (huN901) with an anticancer drug (DM1), and is being studied in the treatment of certain cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An immunoconjugate of a humanized murine monoclonal antibody (huN-901) and DMI, a semi-synthetic derivative of the plant-derived ansa macrolide maytansine. The antibody moiety of BB-10901 selectively attaches to CD56 antigen, a neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)) expressed on the surface of cells of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and other neuroendocrine (NE) tumors. Thus, the DMI conjugate is targeted specifically to CD56-expressing tumor cells, where it inhibits tubulin polymerization and assembly, resulting in inhibition of mitosis and cell cycle arrest in the S phase. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Human NCAM-1 Monoclonal Antibody N901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB-10901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB-10901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IMGN901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LORVOTUZUMAB MERTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lorvotuzumab Mertansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lorvotuzumab Mertansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huN901-DM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987530"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1008106-64-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0IVD6ASY0W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346110"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346110"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BB-10901"}]}}{"C120556":{"preferredName":"Losatuxizumab Vedotin","code":"C120556","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), conjugated, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of losatuxizumab vedotin selectively targets and binds to EGFR. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV-221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOSATUXIZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Losatuxizumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Losatuxizumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055621"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1685249-67-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"17C83BVV62"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769542"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769542."}]}}{"C1521":{"preferredName":"Losoxantrone","code":"C1521","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antipyrazoles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An anthrapyrazole-based antineoplastic antibiotic. Losoxantrone intercalates into DNA, induces single- and double-stranded DNA breaks and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. Losoxantrone is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biantrazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Biantrazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-941","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DuP 941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOSOXANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Losoxantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"losoxantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"357885"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0245032"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"88303-60-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"47KPH00809"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41809"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H27N5O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Losoxantrone"}]}}{"C72077":{"preferredName":"Losoxantrone Hydrochloride","code":"C72077","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of losoxantrone, an anthrapyrazole-based antineoplastic antibiotic. Losoxantrone intercalates into DNA, induces single- and double-stranded DNA breaks and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. Losoxantrone is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LOSOXANTRONE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Losoxantrone HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Losoxantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Losoxantrone Hydrochloride Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"357885"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346902"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"132937-89-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W6E275IURX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C22H27N5O4.4ClH.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Losoxantrone_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C620":{"preferredName":"Lovastatin","code":"C620","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to lower the amount of cholesterol in the blood. It is also being studied in the prevention and treatment of some types of cancer. Lovastatin is a type of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A lactone metabolite isolated from the fungus Aspergillus terreus with cholesterol-lowering and potential antineoplastic activities. Lovastatin is hydrolyzed to the active beta-hydroxyacid form, which competitively inhibits 3-hydroxyl-3-methylgutarylcoenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, an enzyme involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. In addition, this agent may induce tumor cell apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell invasiveness, possibly by inhibiting protein farnesylation and protein geranylgeranylation, and may arrest cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The latter effect sensitizes tumor cells to the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S)-2-Methylbutanoic Acid, (1S,3R,7S,8S,8aR)-1,2,3,7,8,8a-Hexahydro-3,7-dimethyl-8-[2-[(2R,4R)-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-2H-pyran-2-yl]ethyl]-1-naphthalenyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOVASTATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lovastatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lovastatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Lovastatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lovastatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lovastatin Sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mevacor","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mevacor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Mevacor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mevinolin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monacolin K","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lovastatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"633781"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024027"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"75330-75-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Atherosclerosis; Coronary heart disease, prevention; Hypercholesterolemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9LHU78OQFD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41658"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41658"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H36O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lovastatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:40303"}]}}{"C160691":{"preferredName":"LOXL2 Inhibitor GB2064","code":"C160691","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small-molecule, irreversible inhibitor of lysyl oxidase homolog 2 (lysyl oxidase-like protein 2; LOXL2) with potential antifibrotic activity. Upon oral administration, the aminomethyl pyridine moiety of LOXL2 inhibitor GB2064 interacts with the active site of LOXL2 to form a pseudo-irreversible inhibitory complex, thereby inhibiting the catalytic activity of LOXL2. LOXL2, a secreted glycoprotein, catalyzes the post-translational oxidative deamination of lysine residues on target proteins, including collagen and elastin, leading to the formation of deaminated lysine (allysine). Condensation with other allysines or lysines drives the formation of inter- and intramolecular cross-linkages that impact remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), potentially leading to fibrosis. Inhibition of LOXL2, which is often upregulated in fibrotic tissue, may reduce fibrosis in certain chronic fibrotic diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GB 2064","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GB-2064","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GB2064","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXL2 Inhibitor GB2064","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LOXL2 Inhibitor GB2064","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lysyl Oxidase-like Protein 2 Inhibitor PAT-1251","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAT 1251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAT-1251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAT-1251","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PAT1251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969613"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2098884-52-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y3HMF6G24B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800789"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800789"}]}}{"C165553":{"preferredName":"LRP5/6 Antagonist BI 905677","code":"C165553","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized biparatopic nanobody composed of two blocking domains for the Wnt ligand co-receptors lipoprotein receptor-related proteins (LRP) 5 and 6, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, BI 905677 targets and binds to LRP5 and LRP6, thereby blocking the binding of Wnt ligands to LRP5/6. This prevents the activation of the Frizzled (FZD)-Wnt-LRP5/6 trimeric complex and prevents the inactivation of the beta-catenin degradation complex, which leads to beta-catenin degradation. This inhibits the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, prevents the beta-catenin-mediated activation of Wnt target genes, and inhibits the proliferation and survival of Wnt-driven tumor cells. In addition, inhibition of Wnt signaling by BI 905677 prevents Wnt-mediated immune escape, thereby re-activating the immune system, specifically inducing the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and activation as well as infiltration of cytotoxic T-cells into the tumor tissue. The FZD-Wnt-LRP5/6 trimeric complex induces phosphorylation of LRP5 or LRP6 intracellular domains leading to inactivation of the beta-catenin degradation complex, allowing beta-catenin accumulation; stabilized beta-catenin enters the nucleus and acts as a transcriptional activator of Wnt target genes. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling plays a key role in tumorigenesis and resistance to immunotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LRP5/6 Nanobody BI 905677","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 905677","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-905677","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI905677","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LRP5/6 Antagonist BI 905677","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978683"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799658"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799658"}]}}{"C131303":{"preferredName":"LSD1 Inhibitor CC-90011","code":"C131303","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CC-90011 binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor (remove hyphen) suppressor genes. This may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, LSD1 demethylates mono- or di-methylated H3K9 which increases gene expression of tumor promoting genes; inhibition of LSD1 promotes H3K9 methylation and decreases transcription of these genes. LSD1, an enzyme belonging to the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent amine oxidase family that is overexpressed in certain tumor cells, plays a key role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC 90011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-90011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC90011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LSD1 Inhibitor CC-90011","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LSD1 Inhibitor CC-90011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Inhibitor CC-90011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514523"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785511"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785511"}]}}{"C113646":{"preferredName":"LSD1 Inhibitor GSK2879552","code":"C113646","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, irreversible, inhibitor of lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GSK2879552 binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the dimethylated form of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor-suppressor genes. This may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. LSD1, overexpressed in certain tumor cells, plays a key role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK2879552","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LSD1 Inhibitor GSK2879552","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LSD1 Inhibitor GSK2879552","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827120"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756742"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756742"}]}}{"C131827":{"preferredName":"Bomedemstat","code":"C131827","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, irreversible inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bomedemstat binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor suppressor genes. In addition, LSD1 demethylates mono- or di-methylated H3K9 which increases gene expression of tumor promoting genes; thus, inhibition of LSD1 also promotes H3K9 methylation and decreases transcription of these genes. Altogether, this may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. LSD1, an enzyme belonging to the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent amine oxidase family is overexpressed in certain tumor cells and plays a key role in the regulation of gene expression, tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BOMEDEMSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bomedemstat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bomedemstat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMG 7289","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMG-7289","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LSD-1 Inhibitor IMG-7289","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Inhibitor IMG-7289","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514400"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1990504-34-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y2T4ALDEAT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786176"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786176"}]}}{"C131908":{"preferredName":"Iadademstat","code":"C131908","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of lysine specific histone demethylase 1 (KDM1A; LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, iadademstat binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor suppressor genes. This may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, LSD1 demethylates mono- or di-methylated H3K9, which increases gene expression of tumor promoting genes; inhibition of LSD1 promotes H3K9 methylation and decreases transcription of these genes. LSD1, an enzyme belonging to the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent amine oxidase family, is overexpressed in certain tumor cells and plays a key role in in the regulation of gene expression, tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,4-Cyclohexanediamine, N1-((1R,2S)-2-Phenylcyclopropyl)-, trans-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IADADEMSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iadademstat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iadademstat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORY 1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORY-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 6016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7051790","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7051790","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"trans-N1-((1R,2S)-2-Phenylcyclopropyl)-1,4-cyclohexanediamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521133"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1431304-21-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"54T74394F8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786364"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786364"}]}}{"C83925":{"preferredName":"Lucanthone","code":"C83925","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available thioxanthone-based DNA intercalator and inhibitor of the DNA repair enzyme apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APEX1 or APE1), with anti-schistosomal and potential antineoplastic activity. Lucanthone intercalates DNA and interferes with the activity of topoisomerases I and II during replication and transcription, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of macromolecules. In addition, this agent specifically inhibits the endonuclease activity of APE1, without affecting its redox activity, resulting in un-repaired DNA strand breaks which may induce apoptosis. Therefore, lucanthone may sensitize tumor cells to radiation and chemotherapy. Furthermore, lucanthone inhibits autophagy through the disruption of lysosomal function. The multifunctional nuclease APE1 is a key component for DNA repair; its expression is often correlated with tumor cell resistance to radio- and chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LUCANTHONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lucanthone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lucanthone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024071"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"479-50-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FC6D57000M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733534"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733534"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H24N2OS"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:51052"}]}}{"C48405":{"preferredName":"Lucatumumab","code":"C48405","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell surface antigen CD40 with potential antineoplastic activity. Lucatumumab binds to and inhibits CD40, thereby inhibiting CD40 ligand-induced cell proliferation and triggering cell lysis via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cells overexpressing CD40. CD40, an integral membrane protein found on the surface of B lymphocytes, is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily and is highly expressed in a number of B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody CHIR-12.12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHIR-12.12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCD-122","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUCATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lucatumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lucatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody CHIR-12.12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2980061"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"903512-50-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P0EP9VFC4R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"432936"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"432936"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_CHIR-12_12"}]}}{"C95726":{"preferredName":"Lucitanib","code":"C95726","definitions":[{"description":"A novel dual inhibitor targeting human vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) with antiangiogenic activity. Lucitanib inhibits VEGFR-1, -2, -3 and FGFR-1, -2 kinases in the nM range, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. Both VEGFRs and FGFRs belong to the family of receptor tyrosine kinases that may be upregulated in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Naphthalenecarboxamide, 6-((7-((1-aminocyclopropyl)methoxy)-6-methoxy-4-quinolinyl)oxy)-n-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AL3810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E-3810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUCITANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lucitanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3887575"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1058137-23-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PP449XA4BH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694590"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694590"}]}}{"C71467":{"preferredName":"Luminespib","code":"C71467","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of 4,5-diarylisoxazole and a third-generation heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Luminespib has been shown to bind with high affinity to and inhibit Hsp90, resulting in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins; the inhibition of cell proliferation; and the elevation of heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72) in a wide range of human tumor cell lines. Hsp90, a 90 kDa molecular chaperone, plays a key role in the conformational maturation, stability and function of other substrate or \"client\" proteins within the cell, many of which are involved in signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, including kinases, transcription factors and hormone receptors. Hsp72 exhibits anti-apoptotic functions; its up-regulation may be used as a surrogate marker for Hsp90 inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AUY922","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor AUY922","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LUMINESPIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Luminespib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVP AUY 922","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVP-AUY 922","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348996"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"747412-64-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C6V1DAR5EB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570982"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570982"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H33N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hsp90_Inhibitor_AUY922"}]}}{"C162567":{"preferredName":"Luminespib Mesylate","code":"C162567","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt of luminespib, a derivative of 4,5-diarylisoxazole and a third-generation heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, luminespib binds with high affinity to and inhibits Hsp90, resulting in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins; the inhibition of cell proliferation; and the elevation of heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72) in a wide range of human tumor cell lines. Hsp90, a 90 kDa molecular chaperone, plays a key role in the conformational maturation, stability and function of other substrate or \"client\" proteins within the cell, many of which are involved in signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, including kinases, transcription factors and hormone receptors. Hsp72 exhibits anti-apoptotic functions; its up-regulation may be used as a surrogate marker for Hsp90 inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LUMINESPIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Luminespib Mesilate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luminespib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luminespib Mesylate Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVP-AUY922-AGB","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971084"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1051919-26-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6R0MAC137G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C118623":{"preferredName":"Lung-targeted Immunomodulator QBKPN","code":"C118623","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, lung-targeted, site specific immunomodulator (SSI), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact type and composition of the lung-targeted immunomodulator QBKPN has yet to be fully disclosed, upon subcutaneous administration, this agent is able to activate a local innate immune response in the lung tissue. This results in an increased number of M1 macrophages, which induces a shift from M2 to M1 macrophage dominance in the tumor microenvironment, and stimulates the recruitment of other immune cells. The M1 macrophages exert antitumor activity and eradicate lung cancer cells through phagocytosis. QBKPN does not induce a systemic immune response or affect other organs or tissues. Altogether, this SSI may decrease tumor cell growth in the lungs. SSIs contain specific, inactivated components of pathogens, such as bacteria and/or viruses, which normally cause an acute infection in the specific organ or tissue of interest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung-targeted Immunomodulator QBKPN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QBKPN","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSI QBKPN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Site Specific Immunomodulator QBKPN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896726"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765293"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765293"}]}}{"C82382":{"preferredName":"Lurbinectedin","code":"C82382","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic tetrahydropyrrolo [4, 3, 2-de]quinolin-8(1H)-one alkaloid analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Lurbinectedin covalently binds to residues lying in the minor groove of DNA, which may result in delayed progression through S phase, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LURBINECTEDIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lurbinectedin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lurbinectedin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PM01183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zepzelca","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830066"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"497871-47-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with metastatic small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with disease progression on or after platinum-based chemotherapy"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2CN60TN6ZS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641468"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641468"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"DNA_Minor_Groove_Binding_Agent_PM01183"}]}}{"C1610":{"preferredName":"Lurtotecan","code":"C1610","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called topoisomerase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic analogue of camptothecin with antineoplastic activity. Lurtotecan selectively stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex and forms an enzyme-drug-DNA ternary complex. As a consequence of the formation of this complex, both the initial cleavage reaction and religation steps are inhibited and subsequent collision of the replication fork with the cleaved strand of DNA results in inhibition of DNA replication, double strand DNA breakage and triggering of apoptosis. Independent from DNA replication inhibition, lurtotecan also inhibits RNA synthesis, multi-ubiquitination and degradation of topoisomerase I and chromatin reorganization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-(4-methylpiperazinomethylene)-10,11-ethylenedioxy-20(S)-camptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GG 211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GI147211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LURTOTECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lurtotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lurtotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"15571957"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0293658"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"149882-10-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4J1L80T08I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42331"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42331"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H30N4O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lurtotecan"}]}}{"C1876":{"preferredName":"Lurtotecan Liposome","code":"C1876","definitions":[{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated formulation of lurtotecan with antineoplastic activity. Lurtotecan, a semisynthetic analogue of camptothecin, selectively stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex and forms an enzyme-drug-DNA ternary complex during S phase of the cell cycle, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-stranded DNA breaks. This ultimately results in an inhibition of DNA replication, inducing double-stranded DNA breakages, obstruction of RNA and protein synthesis and triggering apoptosis. Furthermore, this agent also stimulates degradation of topoisomerase I, likely mediated through ubiquitin-proteasomal pathway. Liposomal delivery of lurtotecan improves its penetration and delivery into tumors while lowering systemic side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lurtotecan Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liposomal lurtotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liposome, lurtotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935959"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43473"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43473"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lurtotecan_Liposome"}]}}{"C142176":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","code":"C142176","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of a human monoclonal antibody (huMAb-5B1) against the carbohydrate antigen sialyl Lewis A (carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA19-9) that is conjugated to the chelator 2-(p-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-cyclohexyl-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (CHX-A''-DTPA) and labeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (Lu 177), with radioisotopic activity and potential use as an antineoplastic radiotherapeutic and an imaging agent in both planar imaging and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The antibody moiety of Lu 177 anti-CA19-9 monoclonal antibody 5B1 targets and binds to CA19-9-expressing tumor cells. This may promote killing of CA19-9-expressing tumor cells through the local induction of both complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Additionally, upon binding and internalization, the Lu 177 moiety can deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to the CA19-9-expressing tumor cells. Furthermore, the radioisotope moiety may be imaged using planar imaging and SPECT, thus allowing evaluation of the pharmacokinetic profile of the agent, and the imaging and quantification of CA19-9-expressing tumor cells, respectively. CA19-9, a Lewis-type carbohydrate antigen overexpressed on a number of different tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell survival and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu Human Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-CHX-A''-DTPA-HuMab-5B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lu 177 Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVT-1075","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVT-1075","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540167"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"473BOU89F3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791457"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791457"}]}}{"C113801":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-biotin","code":"C113801","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate of biotin conjugated with the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) and labeled with the beta-emitting isotope lutetium Lu 177 (Lu-177) that can be used for radioimmunotherapeutic purposes. Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-biotin could be used in pre-targeting radioimmunotherapy, which pretreats the lesion with oxidized avidin that binds to protein amino groups on cells. As avidin binds to biotin, the radioisotope can be selectively delivered to cancer cells leading to tumor cell eradication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-ST2210","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-biotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[177Lu]DOTA-biotin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471782"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757658"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757658"}]}}{"C158044":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-N3-CTT1403","code":"C158044","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjucate consisting of CTT1403, a phosphoramidate-based irreversible inhibitor of human prostate-specific membrane antigen with an albumin binding moiety, connected via click chemistry to lutetium Lu 177-dodecanetetraacetic acid-azide (177Lu-DOTA-N3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-N3-CTT1403 targets and binds to PSMA expressed on tumor cells via its CTT1403 moiety, and upon internalization, delivers cytotoxic beta radiation directly to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and type II transmembrane protein, is expressed on the membrane of prostatic epithelial cells and overexpressed on most prostate tumor cells. The albumin binding motif extends circulation half-life thereby improving tumor cell uptake of the radioconjugate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA-N3-CTT1403","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA-azide-CTT1403","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-N3-CTT1403","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-N3-CTT1403","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-azide-CTT1403","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937593"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797172"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797172"}]}}{"C105403":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-Tetulomab","code":"C105403","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate, which consists of a monoclonal antibody against the cell-surface antigen CD37 covalently linked, via the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA), to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-tetulomab binds to CD37 on tumor B-cells. Upon internalization, the radioisotope moiety delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to CD37-expressing tumor cells. CD37, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA-HH1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-Dota-Tetulomab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-HH1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-Tetulomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-Tetulomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TETULOMAB TETRAXETAN LU-177","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3659253"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CPW7BR9UY7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746917"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746917"}]}}{"C95020":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Dotatate","code":"C95020","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of the tyrosine-containing somatostatin analog Tyr3-octreotate (TATE) conjugated with the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential imaging and antineoplastic activities. Lutetium Lu 177 dotatate binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), with high affinity to type 2 SSTR, present on the cell membranes of many types of neuroendocrine tumor (NET) cells. Upon binding and internalization, this radioconjugate specifically delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to SSTR-positive cells. Tyr3-octreotate (TATE) is an octreotide derivative in which phenylalanine at position 3 is substituted by tyrosine and position 8 threoninol is replaced with threonine. SSTRs have been shown to be present in large numbers on NET and their metastases, while most other normal tissues express low levels of SSTRs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177 Lu-DOTA-TATE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177 Lu-DOTA-Tyr3-Octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA0-Tyr3-Octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUTETIUM OXODOTREOTIDE LU-177","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lutathera","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA(0)-Tyr(3)-Octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Dotatate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Dotatate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Dotatate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-Tyr3-Octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Oxodotreotide Lu-177","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lutetium Lu 177-DOTATATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18649310"},{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"20168290"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433757"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"437608-50-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"omatostatin receptor-positive gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AE221IM3BB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715523"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715523"}]}}{"C162565":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Lilotomab-satetraxetan","code":"C162565","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of lilotomab, a murine immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the CD37 antigen, conjugated via the chelating agent 2-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-tetraacetic acid (p-SCN-Bn-DOTA) with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of lutetium Lu 177 lilotomab-satetraxetan, the lilotomab moiety binds to CD37 expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon binding, lutetium Lu 177 lilotomab-satetraxetan delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to CD37-expressing cells. CD37 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed at high-levels on B-cells and to a lesser extent on T-cells and myeloid cells, and is frequently overexpressed in certain B-cell lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu Lilotomab Satetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-Lilotomab-satetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Betalutin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LILOTOMAB SATETRAXETAN LUTETIUM LU-177","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Lilotomab-satetraxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Lilotomab Satetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Lilotomab-satetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446324"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1453362-90-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"054ZP16K2Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C2598":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","code":"C2598","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of the humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) CC49 labeled with lutetium 131 (Lu-177). MoAb CC49 binds to the pancarcinoma tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72 with high affinity. Lu-177 MoAb CC49 delivers gamma radiation emitting Lu-177 nuclide directly to tumor cells that express TAG-72, and so may be used in radioimmunotherapeutic treatment of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177 Lu-CC49","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935675"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38083"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38083"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lutetium_Lu_177_Monoclonal_Antibody_CC49"}]}}{"C38701":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Monoclonal Antibody J591","code":"C38701","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of prostate-specific membrane antigen linked to a beta-emitting radioisotope (lutetium-177). This radioimmunoconjugate binds to tumor cells that express the extracellular domain of prostate-specific membrane antigen, delivering beta particle radiation selectively to tumor cells expressing this antigen and so limiting the exposure of normal tissues to ionizing radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lu 177 MOAB J591","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Monoclonal Antibody J591","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Monoclonal Antibody J591","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518042"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"361550"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"361550"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lutetium_Lu_177_Monoclonal_Antibody_J591"}]}}{"C114499":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 PP-F11N","code":"C114499","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate composed of PP-F11N, a gastrin analog, conjugated to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity and potential use as an imaging agent for scintigraphy. Following intravenous administration, the PP-F11N moiety binds to the cholecystokinin-2 (CCK-2) receptor. Subsequently, the CCK-2 receptor-expressing tumor cells can be visualized scintigraphically. In addition, the radioisotope moiety delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to CCK-2 receptor-expressing tumor cells. CCK-2 receptors are expressed on a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-PP-F11N","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 PP-F11N","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PP-F11N LUTETIUM LU-177","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472324"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"639NVQ0SXF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759373"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759373"}]}}{"C124929":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Satoreotide Tetraxetan","code":"C124929","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of the somatostatin antagonistic peptide satoreotide tetraxetan (JR11) that is linked, via the chelating agent dodecanetetraacetic acid (DOTA), to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity and imaging activity during positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-JR11 binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), with high affinity for SSTR2, present on the cell membranes of many types of neuroendocrine tumor (NET) cells. Upon binding and internalization, this radioconjugate specifically delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to SSTR-positive cells. SSTRs have been shown to be present in large numbers on NETs and their metastases, while most normal tissues express low levels of SSTRs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA-Cpa-c[d-Cys-Aph(Hor)-d-Aph(Cbm)-Lys-Thr-Cys]-d-Tyr-NH2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA-JR11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA-[Cpa-c(DCys-Aph(Hor)-DAph(Cbm)-Lys-Thr-Cys)-DTyr-NH2]","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lu-177 OPS-201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Satoreotide Tetraxetan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Satoreotide Tetraxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SATOREOTIDE TETRAXETAN LUTETIUM-177","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SOMther","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Satoreotide Tetraxetan Lutetium-177","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"24963127"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503798"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1934243-21-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CAX3X53UL6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777267"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777267"}]}}{"C154549":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-EB-TATE","code":"C154549","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of Evans blue (EB) modified, tyrosine-containing somatostatin analog, Tyr3-octreotate (TATE), conjugated with the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (DOTA), and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential imaging and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-EB-TATE binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), with high affinity to type 2 SSTRs (SSTR2s), present on the cell membranes of many neuroendocrine tumor (NET) cells. Upon binding and internalization, this radioconjugate specifically delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to SSTR2-positive cells. The incorporation of an albumin-binding moiety through EB modification allows Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-EB-TATE to reversibly bind to endogenous albumin, potentially extending half-life and increasing targeted accumulation of the drug in tumors. SSTRs, especially SSTR2s, are expressed at relatively higher levels in many tumor cell types and tumor blood vessels, compared to normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177 Lu-DOTA-EB-TATE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA0-EB-Tyr3-Octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA(0)-EB-Tyr(3)-Octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-EB-TATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-EB-Tyr3-Octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium-177-1, 4, 7, 10-tetra-azacyclododecane-1, 4, 7, 10-tetraacetic acid-Evans blue-octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium-177-DOTA-EB-TATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555349"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794348"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794348"}]}}{"C88277":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177-Edotreotide","code":"C88277","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of the somatostatin analogue edotreotide labeled with lutetium Lu 177 with potential antineoplastic activities. Lutetium Lu 177-edotreotide binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), with high affinity to type 2 SSTR, present on the cell membranes of many types of neuroendocrine tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, this radioconjugate specifically delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to SSTR-positive cells. Edotreotide is produced by substituting tyrosine for phenylalanine at the 3 position of the somatostatin analogue octreotide (Tyr3-octreotide or TOC) and chelated by the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent dodecanetetraacetic acid (DOTA).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EDOTREOTIDE LUTETIUM LU-177","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-Tyr3-octreotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-Edotreotide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-Edotreotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[177LuDOTA]-TOC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18448552"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412466"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RGO812Q0C8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656307"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656307"}]}}{"C158734":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177-NeoB","code":"C158734","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) antagonist, NeoB, linked via the chelating agent, dodecanetetraacetic acid (DOTA), to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177 NeoB targets and binds to GRPRs present on certain tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, this radioconjugate specifically delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to GRPR-expressing cells. GRPR, also known as bombesin receptor subtype 2, is a G protein-coupled receptor that is overexpressed in some cancer types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-NeoB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium 177-NeoB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-NeoBOMB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-NeoB","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-NeoB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[177Lu]-NeoB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL950703"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797487"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797487"}]}}{"C148145":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Vipivotide Tetraxetan","code":"C148145","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate composed of PSMA-617, a human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand, conjugated to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity against PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon intravenous administration of lutetium Lu 177 vipivotide tetraxetan, vipivotide tetraxetan targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, PSMA-expressing tumor cells are destroyed by 177Lu through the specific delivery of beta particle radiation. PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen and type II transmembrane protein, is expressed on the membrane of prostatic epithelial cells and overexpressed on prostate tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-PSMA-617","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177Lu-labeled PSMA-617","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUTETIUM LU-177 VIPIVOTIDE TETRAXETAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lu177-PSMA-617","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Vipivotide Tetraxetan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177 Vipivotide Tetraxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-PSMA-617","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550803"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1703749-62-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G6UF363ECX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792497"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792497"}]}}{"C67039":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Capromab","code":"C67039","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of capromab linked to lutetium Lu 177 via the bifunctional macrocyclic chelator methoxy-tetraazacyclododecane-tetraacetic acid (MeO-DOTA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Lutetium Lu 177-capromab binds to human prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expressed on tumor cell surfaces via its capromab moiety and, upon internalization, delivers cytotoxic beta radiation directly to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PSMA is a cell surface glycoprotein abundantly expressed by prostate epithelium and is typically overexpressed by prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-meO-DOTA-7E11","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYT-500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-Labeled Capromab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Capromab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881486"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539702"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539702"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lutetium_Lu_177_Monoclonal_Antibody_7E11"}]}}{"C66978":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Girentuximab","code":"C66978","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the chimeric monoclonal antibody cG250 linked to the low energy beta-emitting radioisotope Lutetium 177, via the bifunctional macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA), with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of lutetium Lu-177-DOTA-chimeric monoclonal antibody cG250 binds to renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells expressing the RCC-associated antigen G250; a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation is selectively delivered to G250-expressing RCC cells upon internalization of the radioimmunoconjugate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-DOTA-cG250","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Girentuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177-DOTA-Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody cG250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium-177 Labeled cG250","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881485"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531051"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531051"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lutetium_Lu_177-DOTA-Chimeric_Monoclonal_Antibody_cG250"}]}}{"C150467":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu-177 PSMA-R2","code":"C150467","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate composed of PSMA-R2, a human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand, conjugated to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity against PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon intravenous administration of 177Lu-PSMA-R2, the PSMA-R2 moiety targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, PSMA-expressing tumor cells are destroyed by 177Lu through the specific delivery of beta particle radiation. PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and type II transmembrane protein, is expressed on the membrane of prostatic epithelial cells and overexpressed on the majority of prostate tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-PSMA-R2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"177LuPSMA-R2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lu177-PSMA-R2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 PSMA-R2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 PSMA-R2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium-177 PSMA-R2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552202"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793409"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793409"}]}}{"C162563":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Rituximab","code":"C162563","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate composed of rituximab, a recombinant chimeric murine/human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, conjugated to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the rituximab moiety targets and binds to CD20 expressed on tumor cells and delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to CD20-expressing cells. CD20 is expressed on the surface of pre-B and mature B-lymphocytes and is overexpressed in a variety of B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-Rituximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Rituximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu-177 Rituximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium-177 Labeled Rituximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971073"}]}}{"C78832":{"preferredName":"LV.IL-2/B7.1-Transduced AML Blast Vaccine RFUSIN2-AML1","code":"C78832","definitions":[{"description":"A whole-cell cancer vaccine, containing human acute myeloid leukemic (AML) blasts that have been genetically engineered to express a B7.1/IIL-2 fusion protein encoded by a self-inactivating lentiviral vector (LV), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, LV.IL-2/B7.1-transduced AML blast vaccine RFUSIN2-AML1 may stimulate a host cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against AML cells. The single fusion protein encoded by the LV is postsynthetically cleaved to produce biologically active membrane-anchored B7.1 and secreted IL-2 in AML blasts; combined expression of IL-2 and the co-stimulatory molecule B7.1 by AML blasts may increase stimulation of both allogeneic and autologous cytotoxic T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LV.IL-2/B7.1-Transduced AML Blast Vaccine RFUSIN2-AML1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lentivirus-transduced AML Blasts Expressing B7.1 and IL-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RFUSIN2-AML1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387720"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609860"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609860"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LV_IL-2_B7_1-Transduced_AML_Blast_Vaccine"}]}}{"C99163":{"preferredName":"Lyophilized Black Raspberry Lozenge","code":"C99163","definitions":[{"description":"A lozenge containing lyophilized black raspberry with potential antioxidant, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic and chemopreventive activities. In addition to vitamins, minerals and phytosterols, black raspberries are rich in phenolic acids, such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, proanthocyanidins, and flavonoids. The anthocyanins appear to contribute significantly to this agent's effects. Anthocyanins inhibit both the activation of several signal transduction pathways, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated pathways, and certain transcription factors, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), activator protein-1 (AP-1) complex, and nuclear factor in activated T-cells (NFAT). This inhibitory activity modulates the expression of downstream target genes that are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, including inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, vascular endothelial growth factor and the anti-apoptotic protein survivin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRB Confection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Black Raspberry Confection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LBR Lozenge","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lyophilized Black Raspberry Lozenge","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lyophilized Black Raspberry Lozenge","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433013"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717458"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717458"}]}}{"C99164":{"preferredName":"Lyophilized Black Raspberry Saliva Substitute","code":"C99164","definitions":[{"description":"A saliva substitute (or artificial saliva) containing lyophilized black raspberry with potential antioxidant, pro-apoptotic and chemopreventive activities. In addition to vitamins, minerals and phytosterols, black raspberries are rich in flavonols of which the anthocyanins appear to contribute significantly to this agent's chemopreventive effects. Anthocyanins inhibit the activation of several signal transduction pathways, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated pathways, and certain transcription factors, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), activator protein-1 (AP-1) complex, and nuclear factor in activated T-cells (NFAT). This in turn modulates the expression of downstream target genes that are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, including inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, vascular endothelial growth factor and the anti-apoptotic protein survivin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LBR Saliva Substitute","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lyophilized Black Raspberry Saliva Substitute","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433014"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717459"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717459"}]}}{"C126421":{"preferredName":"Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Inhibitor INCB059872","code":"C126421","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, INCB059872 binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively, through amine oxidation. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor-suppressor genes. In addition, LSD1 demethylates mono- or di-methylated H3K9 which increases gene expression of tumor promoting genes; inhibition of LSD1 promotes H3K9 methylation and decreases transcription of these genes. Altogether, this may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. LSD1, an enzyme belonging to the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent amine oxidase family, is overexpressed in certain tumor cells and plays a key role in the regulation of gene expression and in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INCB059872","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LSD1 Inhibitor INCB059872","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Inhibitor INCB059872","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Inhibitor INCB059872","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504960"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780284"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780284"}]}}{"C61571":{"preferredName":"Lyso-Thermosensitive Liposome Doxorubicin","code":"C61571","definitions":[{"description":"A temperature-sensitive liposomal formulation of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, circulating thermosensitive liposomes are activated locally by increasing the tumor temperature to 40-41 degrees Celsius using an external heat source. The elevated temperature causes compositional changes in the liposomes, creating openings that allow for the release of encapsulated doxorubicin. Compared to non-thermosensitive liposomes, lyso-thermosensitive liposomes deliver higher concentrations of a cytotoxic agent to a heat-treated tumor site while sparing normal tissues unexposed to heat treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heat-Activated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lyso-Thermosensitive Liposome Doxorubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lyso-Thermosensitive Liposome Doxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temperature Sensitive Liposome Encapsulated Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ThermoDox","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831903"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"491935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"491935"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lyso-Thermosensitive_Liposome_Doxorubicin"}]}}{"C95123":{"preferredName":"Macimorelin","code":"C95123","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available synthetic mimetic of the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue ghrelin with potential anti-cachexia activity. Upon oral administration, macimorelin mimics endogenous ghrelin by stimulating appetite and binds to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor GHSR in the central nervous system, thereby mimicking the GH-releasing effects of ghrelin from the pituitary gland. Stimulation of GH secretion increases insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels which may further stimulate protein synthesis. In addition, ghrelin reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which may play a direct role in cancer-related loss of appetite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEZS-130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Tryptophanamide,2-methylalanyl-N-[(1R)-1-(formylamino)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP 1572","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JMV 1843","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MACIMORELIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Macimorelin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Macimorelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solorel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986922"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"381231-18-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8680B21W73"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735530"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735530"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H30N6O3"}]}}{"C87728":{"preferredName":"Macitentan","code":"C87728","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available dual endothelin receptor (ETR) antagonist with potential antihypertensive and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, macitentan and its metabolites block the binding of endothelin isoform 1 (ET-1) to type-A and type-B ETR on both the tumor cells and the endothelial cells in the tumor vasculature. This prevents ET-1 mediated signaling transduction which may decrease tumor cell proliferation, progression, and angiogenesis in tumor tissue. ET-1, a potent vasoconstrictor that plays an important role in inflammation and tissue repair, is, together with its receptors, overexpressed varyingly in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACT-064992","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actelion-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MACITENTAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Macitentan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Macitentan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5-(4-Bromophenyl)-6-(2-((5-Bromopyrimidin-2-Yl)Oxi)Ethoxy)Pyrimidin-4-Yl)-N'-Propylsulfuric Diamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2606556"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"441798-33-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Pulmonary arterial hypertension, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, oncology"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z9K9Y9WMVL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721764"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721764"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H20Br2N6O4S"}]}}{"C154567":{"preferredName":"Maekmoondong-tang","code":"C154567","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional East Asian herbal medicine composed of six herbs, including Ophiopogonis tuber, Pinelliae tuber, Glycyrrhizae radix, Zizyphi fructus, Ginseng radix, and Oryzae semen, with potential anti-tussive activity. Maekmoondong-tang is traditionally prescribed for respiratory symptoms to direct the qi downwards and compensate for lung-yin deficiency or dry lung by tonifying yin and moistening the lung. Although the exact mechanisms through which Maekmoondong-tang exerts its effects have yet to be fully elucidated, this agent may, upon administration, improve the severity of chronic cough, reduce airway hyper-responsiveness possibly by reducing the cough reflex and bronchodilation, and airway inflammation possibly through anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bakumondo-to","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MMDT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maekgeuron Granules","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maekmoondong-tang","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mai-men-dong-tang","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ophiopogonis tuber/Pinelliae tuber/Glycyrrhizae radix/Zizyphi fructus/Ginseng radix/Oryzae semen Herbal Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TJ-29","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555363"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794323"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794323"}]}}{"C1150":{"preferredName":"Mafosfamide","code":"C1150","definitions":[{"description":"A form of cyclophosphamide that can be administered as an intrathecal infusion. Mafosfamide is being studied as an anticancer drug. It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic oxazaphosphorine derivative with antineoplastic properties. Mafosfamide alkylates DNA, forming DNA cross-links and inhibiting DNA synthesis. Although closely related to cyclophosphamide, mafosfamide, unlike cyclophosphamide, does not require hepatic activation to generate its active metabolite 4-hydroxy-cyclophosphamide; accordingly, mafosfamide is potentially useful in the intrathecal treatment of neoplastic meningitis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mafosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mafosfamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"mafosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"345842"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065506"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"88859-04-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5970HH9923"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41254"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41254"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H19Cl2N2O5PS2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mafosfamide"}]}}{"C2681":{"preferredName":"MAGE-10.A2","code":"C2681","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic nonapeptide derived from a melanoma-associated antigen. Vaccination with MAGE-10.A2 may stimulate a host cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells that express the melanoma-associated antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAGE-10.A2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134715"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38649"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38649"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MAGE-10_A2"}]}}{"C129968":{"preferredName":"MAGE-A3 Multipeptide Vaccine GL-0817","code":"C129968","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, peptide cancer vaccine comprised of multiple peptides derived from human melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3; MAGEA3), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MAGE-A3 multipeptide vaccine GL-0817 may stimulate the immune system to mount specific responses from B-cells, and CD4-positive and CD8-positive cells against tumor cells expressing MAGE-A3, resulting in tumor cell lysis. MAGE-A3, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GL-0817","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GL-0817 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GL0817","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3 Multipeptide Vaccine GL-0817","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3 Multipeptide Vaccine GL-0817","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3 Peptide Vaccine GL-0817","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512878"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C91710":{"preferredName":"MAGE-A3 Peptide Vaccine","code":"C91710","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of a peptide derived from the human melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MAGE-A3 peptide vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing MAGE-A3, resulting in tumor cell lysis. MAGE-A3, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAGE-A3 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541478"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391278"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391278"}]}}{"C123649":{"preferredName":"MAGE-A3-specific Immunotherapeutic GSK 2132231A","code":"C123649","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic agent composed of a fusion protein containing the human melanoma-associated antigen MAGE-A3 fused to a lipidated protein D derived from Haemophilus influenzae and combined with the immunoadjuvant AS15, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular (IM) administration, GSK 2132231A may stimulate a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against MAGE-A3-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell death. MAGE-A3, a tumor-associated antigen, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types. This fusion protein may boost antitumoral immune responses. AS15, a liposomal formulation containing the immunostimulating compounds CpG 7909, 3-O-desacyl-4'-monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), and QS-21, increases the immune response against MAGE-A3-expressing tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASCI GSK 2132231A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antigen Specific Cancer Immunotherapeutic GSK 2132231A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK 2132231A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2132231A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3 ASCI GSK 2132231A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3-specific Immunotherapeutic GSK 2132231A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MAGE-A3-specific Immunotherapeutic GSK 2132231A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053638"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C114978":{"preferredName":"MAGE-A4-specific TCR Gene-transduced Autologous T Lymphocytes TBI-1201","code":"C114978","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human melanoma antigen A4 (MAGE-A4), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, MAGE-A4-specific TCR gene-transduced T-lymphocytes TBI-1201 binds to tumor cells expressing MAGE-A4. This may result in both an inhibition of growth and increased cell death for MAGE-A4-expressing tumor cells. The tumor-associated antigen MAGE-A4 is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAGE-A4-specific TCR Gene-transduced Autologous T Lymphocytes TBI-1201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MAGE-A4-specific TCR Gene-transduced Autologous T Lymphocytes TBI-1201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TBI-1201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472575"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759543"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759543"}]}}{"C71156":{"preferredName":"Magnesium Valproate","code":"C71156","definitions":[{"description":"The magnesium salt of valproic acid (2-propylpentanoic acid) with antiepileptic and potential antineoplastic activities. Magnesium valproate dissociates in the gastrointestinal tract and is absorbed into the circulation as magnesium ions and valproic acid ions; valproic acid may inhibit histone deacetylases, inducing tumor cell differentiation, apoptosis, and growth arrest. In addition, valproic acid exerts an antiepileptic effect, likely by inhibiting enzymes that catabolize the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) catabolism and so increasing concentrations of GABA in the central nervous system (CNS). The presence of the magnesium in this agent may contribute to its anticonvulsant activity and sedative properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Magnesium Dipropylacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Magnesium Valproate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentanoic acid, 2-propyl-, Magnesium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VALPROATE MAGNESIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Valproate Magnesium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0524735"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"62959-43-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q400352CM2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573418"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573418"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C8H15O2.Mg"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Magnesium_Valproate"}]}}{"C160147":{"preferredName":"MALT1 Inhibitor JNJ-67856633","code":"C160147","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MALT1 inhibitor JNJ-67856633 targets, binds to, and prevents the activity of MALT1. This inhibits MALT1-dependent signaling, reduces interleukin-10 (IL-10) and upregulates interferon (IFN). This results in the inhibition of Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) signaling, induces apoptosis, and inhibits tumor cell growth of MALT1-expressing tumor cells. MALT1 belongs to the caspase family of proteases and is the active component of the CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) signaling complex. It plays an essential role in B- and T-lymphocyte activation and is over-activated in certain tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ 67856633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-67856633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ67856633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MALT1 Inhibitor JNJ-67856633","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MALT1 Inhibitor JNJ-67856633","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Translocation Protein 1 Inhibitor JNJ-67856633","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969161"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798315"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798315"}]}}{"C83904":{"preferredName":"Mannosulfan","code":"C83904","definitions":[{"description":"An alkyl sulfonate with potential antineoplastic activity. Mannosulfan alkylates DNA, thereby producing DNA intra- or interstrand crosslinks, and ultimately results in inhibiting DNA replication and cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MANNOSULFAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mannosulfan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065696"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7518-35-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"135FQ40L36"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H22O14S4"}]}}{"C1990":{"preferredName":"Mannosylerythritol Lipid","code":"C1990","definitions":[{"description":"A yeast glycolipid biosurfactant with potential antineoplastic activity. Mannosylerythritol lipid activates protein kinase signal cascades, resulting in cell differentiation, condensation of chromatin, DNA fragmentation, G1 phase cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis of tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mannosylerythritol Lipid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1099170"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mannosylerythritol_Lipid"}]}}{"C61502":{"preferredName":"Mapatumumab","code":"C61502","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It binds to a protein called TRAIL R1 on the surface of some tumor cells. This may kill the tumor cells. Anti-TRAIL R1-mAb is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human agonistic monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor-1 (TRAIL-R1) with apoptosis promoting and potential antitumor activities. TRAIL-R1 is a cell surface receptor expressed on many malignant cell types. Mapatumumab selectively binds to and activates the TRAIL cell receptor, thereby inducing apoptosis and reducing tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TRAIL R1-mAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGS-ETR1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGS-ETR1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MAPATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mapatumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mapatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRM-1 mAb","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-TRAIL R1-mAb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1665688"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WZ1025JPGR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486626"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486626"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mapatumumab"}]}}{"C157776":{"preferredName":"Maraba Oncolytic Virus Expressing Mutant HPV E6/E7","code":"C157776","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant, attenuated form of the oncolytic rhabdovirus Maraba (MG1) encoding inactive, mutant forms of the human papillomavirus (HPV) transforming proteins E6 and E7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of MG1-E6E7, MG1 preferentially infects tumor cells and induces the expression of the E6 and E7 proteins. The MG1 virus exerts its oncolytic activity, thereby directly lysing tumor cells. Following the lysis of infected cells, the virus is released and can infect adjacent cells, which both induces further tumor cell oncolysis and may activate the immune system to kill the infected tumor cells. The expressed E6 and E7 proteins stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HPV E6 and E7, thereby further inducing tumor cell lysis. Oncoproteins E6 and E7 play a key role in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MG1-E6/E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG1-E6E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG1-expressing Mutant HPV E6/E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maraba Oncolytic Virus Expressing Mutant HPV E6/E7","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Maraba Oncolytic Virus Expressing Mutant HPV E6/E7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic MG1 Virus-encoding E6E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Virus MG1-E6E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937424"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797163"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797163"}]}}{"C1152":{"preferredName":"Marcellomycin","code":"C1152","definitions":[{"description":"An antineoplastic oligosaccharide anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Actinosporangium bohemicum. Marcellomycin intercalates into DNA and induces DNA crosslinks, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also induces differentiation in HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells by interfering with glycoprotein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Naphthacenecarboxylic acid, 4-[[O-2,6-dideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-2, 6-dideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl-(1-4)-2,3, 6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-2-e thyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-2,5,7,10-tetrahydroxy-6,11-dioxo-, methyl ester, (1R-(1alpha,2beta,4beta))- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MARCELLOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MARCELLOMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Marcellomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhodirubin E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"265211"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065718"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"63710-10-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3296X8L13E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39758"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39758"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Marcellomycin"}]}}{"C156733":{"preferredName":"MARCKS Protein Inhibitor BIO-11006","code":"C156733","definitions":[{"description":"An aerosolized 10-amino acid peptide that inhibits the myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS) protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon inhalation, the MARCKS protein inhibitor BIO-11006 targets, binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of MARCKS (P-MARCKS). This prevents MARCKS-mediated signaling, thereby preventing the release of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) from the cell membrane upon MARCKS binding. This prevents the PIP2-mediated activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and the FAK-mediated activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway and the activation of integrins, talin, vinculin and paxillin. This leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, migration, metastasis and survival. In addition, inhibition of MARCKS prevents mucin granule release and reduces the overproduction of mucus in the lungs. This may abrogate airway obstruction, impaired lung function, airway inflammation and bacterial infections associated with overproduction of mucus in the lungs. The MARCKS protein, a filamentous actin crosslinking protein and substrate for protein kinase C (PKC) is localized on the plasma membrane. Upon phosphorylation by PKC or binding to the calcium-calmodulin complex, the association of MARCKS with actin and with the plasma membrane is blocked, leading to its presence in the cytoplasm. The MARCKS protein plays a key role in the exocytosis of a number of vesicles and granules, cell movement, mitogenesis and membrane trafficking.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aerosolized BIO-11006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIO 11006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIO-11006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIO-11006 Peptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIO11006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MARCKS Protein Inhibitor BIO-11006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myristoylated Alanine Rich C Kinase Substrate Inhibitor BIO-11006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935857"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"901117-03-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795591"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795591"}]}}{"C91733":{"preferredName":"Margetuximab","code":"C91733","definitions":[{"description":"A Fc-domain optimized IgG monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After binding to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, margetuximab may induce an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells overexpressing HER2. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. Compared to other anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies, the Fc domain of MGAH22 is optimized with increased binding to the activating Fcgamma receptor IIIA (CD16A), expressed on cells such as natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages, thereby mediating an enhanced ADCC; the Fc domain also shows decreased binding to the inhibitory Fcgamma receptor IIB (CD32B).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(human Neu (Receptor)) (Human-Mus musculus Monoclonal MGAH22 Clone ch4D5 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mus musculus Monoclonal MGAH22 Clone ch4D5 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MARGETUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MGAH-22","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGAH22","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Margenza","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Margetuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Margetuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421637"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K911R84KEW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681010"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681010"}]}}{"C1652":{"preferredName":"Marimastat","code":"C1652","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors. Marimastat is a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active synthetic hydroxamate with potential antineoplastic activity. Marimastat covalently binds to the zinc(II) ion in the active site of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby inhibiting the action of MMPs, inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. This agent may also inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme (TACE), an enzyme involved in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production that may play a role in some malignancies as well as in the development of arthritis and sepsis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S,3R)-3-(((1S)-2,2-Dimethyl-1-(methylcarbamoxy)propyl)carboyl)-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexanohydroxamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(2S,3R)-3-{(S)-[2,2-Dimethyl-1-(methylcarbamoyl) propyl]carbamoyl}-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexanohydroxamic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB 2516","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BB-2516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MARIMASTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Marimastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Marimastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marimastat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Marimistat","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TA-2516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"marimastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"719333"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"689451"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338344"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154039-60-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D5EQV23TDS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42443"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42443"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H29N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Marimastat"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50662"}]}}{"C64634":{"preferredName":"Marizomib","code":"C64634","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally-occurring salinosporamide, isolated from the marine actinomycete Salinospora tropica, with potential antineoplastic activity. Marizomib irreversibly binds to and inhibits the 20S catalytic core subunit of the proteasome by covalently modifying its active site threonine residues; inhibition of ubiquitin-proteasome mediated proteolysis results in an accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins, which may result in the disruption of cellular processes, cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis. This agent more may more potent and selective than the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1R,4R,5S)-4-(2-chloroethyl)-1-{(S)-[(1S)-cyclohex-2-en-1-yl]hydroxymethyl}-5-methyl-6-oxa-2-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-3,7-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MARIZOMIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ML 858","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marizomib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Marizomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marizomib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPI-0052","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salinosporamide A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salinosporin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1259854"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"437742-34-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"703P9YDP7F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518316"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518316"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H20ClNO4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"NPI-0052"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:48045"}]}}{"C79831":{"preferredName":"Masitinib Mesylate","code":"C79831","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable mesylate salt of masatinib, a multi-targeted protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Masitinib selectively binds to and inhibits both the wild-type and mutated forms of the stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit; SCFR); platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR); fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3); and, to a lesser extent, focal adhesion kinase (FAK). As a consequence, tumor cell proliferation may be inhibited in cancer cell types that overexpress these receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]-N-(4-methyl-3-{[4-(pyridin-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]amino}phenyl)benzamide Mesylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB1010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MASITINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Masitinib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Masitinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2351399"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZK89EG3A18"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629109"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629109"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Masitinib_Mesylate"}]}}{"C701":{"preferredName":"Masoprocol","code":"C701","definitions":[{"description":"A drug put on the skin to treat growths caused by sun exposure. A form of Masoprocol that is taken by mouth is being studied in the treatment of prostate cancer. Masoprocol is an antioxidant, and it may block certain enzymes needed for tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally occurring antioxidant dicatechol originally derived from the creosote bush Larrea divaricatta with antipromoter, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activities. Masoprocol directly inhibits activation of two receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) and the c-erbB2/HER2/neu receptor, resulting in decreased proliferation of susceptible tumor cell populations. This agent may induce apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations as a result of disruption of the actin cytoskeleton in association with the activation of stress activated protein kinases (SAPKs). In addition, masoprocol inhibits arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase (5LOX), resulting in diminished synthesis of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. It may prevent leukocyte infiltration into tissues and the release of reactive oxygen species.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4,4'-(2,3-Dimethyl-1,4-butanediyl)bis[1,2-benzenediol]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actinex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MASOPROCOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Masoprocol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Masoprocol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NDGA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NDGA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NDGA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"NDHGA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nordihydroguaiaretic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"masoprocol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"8450672"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"4291"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0733397"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"27686-84-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7BO8G1BYQU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"479648"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"479648"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H22O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nordihydroguaiaretic_Acid"}]}}{"C153180":{"preferredName":"MAT2A Inhibitor AG-270","code":"C153180","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of methionine adenosyltransferase II alpha (MAT2A) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, AG-270 inhibits the activity of MAT2A, a metabolic enzyme responsible for the production of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), a primary donor of methyl groups in cellular transmethylation reactions that regulate gene expression, cell growth, and differentiation. MAT2A activity is selectively essential in cancer cells deficient in methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP), a critical enzyme in the methionine salvage pathway, that is deleted in some human cancers. Inhibition of MAT2A may potentially inhibit tumor cell growth in MTAP-deleted cancers that rely heavily on SAM synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG 270","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG-270","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG270","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAT2A Inhibitor AG-270","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MAT2A Inhibitor AG-270","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554312"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793947"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793947"}]}}{"C2045":{"preferredName":"Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor MMI270","code":"C2045","definitions":[{"description":"An orally-active synthetic hydroxamic acid derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. MMI270 inhibits a broad spectrum of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (specifically MMP-1, 2, 3, 9, and 13), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. This agent may also downregulate lymphangiogenesis, resulting in decreased lymphatic system-related metastasis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2R)-N-Hydroxy-2-[[(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl](3-pyridinylmethyl)amino]-3-methylbutanamide Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(2R)-N-Hydroxy-2-[[(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl](3-pyridinylmethyl)amino]-3-methylbutanamide Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGS27023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGS27023A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MMI 270B CGS27023A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor MMI270","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-hydroxy-2(R)-[(4-methoxysulfony) (3-picolyl)-amino]-3-metylbutaneamide hydrochloride monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-hydroxy-2(R)-[[4- methoxysulfonyl](3-picolyl)amino]-3-methylbutaneamide hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0385829"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MMI270"}]}}{"C2012":{"preferredName":"Matuzumab","code":"C2012","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to cancer cells. EMD 72000 binds to the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) on tumor cells and blocks growth signals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody with antineoplastic activity. Matuzumab binds the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with high affinity, competitively blocking natural ligand binding and inhibiting receptor-mediated downstream signalling, resulting in impaired tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EMD 72000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 72000","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Matuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"matuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328134"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"339186-68-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MG4M3QB242"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350433"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350433"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"EMD_72000"}]}}{"C120307":{"preferredName":"Mavelertinib","code":"C120307","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Mavelertinib specifically binds to and inhibits EGFR T790M, a secondary acquired resistance mutation, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR/T790M-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, PF-06747775 may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance. This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type EGFR (WT EGFR), and does not cause dose-limiting toxicities that occur during the use of non-selective EGFR inhibitors, which can inhibit WT EGFR. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenamide, N-((3R,4R)-4-fluoro-1-(6-((3-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)amino)-9-methyl-9H-purin-2-yl)-3-pyrrolidinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAVELERTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mavelertinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mavelertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06747775","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896785"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1776112-90-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YXX2180047"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768709"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768709"}]}}{"C126660":{"preferredName":"Mavorixafor","code":"C126660","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint inhibitory activities. Upon administration, mavorixafor selectively binds to CXCR4 and prevents the binding of CXCR4 to its ligand, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12). This inhibits receptor activation and results in decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, inhibition of CXCR4 prevents the recruitment of regulatory T-cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to the tumor microenvironment, thereby abrogating CXCR4-mediated immunosuppression and enabling the activation of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response against cancer cells. The G protein-coupled receptor CXCR4, which is upregulated in several tumor cell types, induces the recruitment of immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment, suppresses immune surveillance, and promotes tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. It is also a co-receptor for HIV entry into T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-N1-((1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-N1-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolin-8-yl)butane-1,4-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMD-070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMD-11070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMD11070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAVORIXAFOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mavorixafor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mavorixafor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X4P 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X4P-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X4P001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2930725"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"558447-26-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0G9LGB5O2W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780512"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780512"}]}}{"C626":{"preferredName":"Maytansine","code":"C626","definitions":[{"description":"An ansamycin antibiotic originally isolated from the Ethiopian shrub Maytenus serrata. Maytansine binds to tubulin at the rhizoxin binding site, thereby inhibiting microtubule assembly, inducing microtubule disassembly, and disrupting mitosis. Maytansine exhibits cytotoxicity against many tumor cell lines and may inhibit tumor growth in vivo. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alanine, N-acetyl-N-methyl-, 6-ester with 11-chloro-6, 21-dihydroxy-12,20-dimethoxy-2,5,9,16-tetramethyl-4,24-dioxa-9, 22-diazatetracyclo[19.3.1.1(10,24).0(3,5)]hexacosa-10,12,14[26], 16,18-pentaene-8,23-dione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Alanine, N-acetyl-N-methyl-, 11-chloro-21-hydroxy-12,20-dimethoxy-2,5,9,16-tetramethyl-8, 23-dioxo-4,24-dioxa-9,22-diazatetracyclo[19.3.1.110,14.03, 5]hexacosa-10,12,14(26),16,18-pentaen-6-yl ester, [1S-(1R*,2S*, 3R*,5R*,6R*,16E,18E,20S*,21R*)]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-alanine, N-acetyl-N-methyl-, 11-chloro-21-hydroxy-12,20-dimethoxy-2,5,9,16-tetramethyl-8,23-dioxo-4,24-dioxa-9,22-diazatetracyclo[19.3.1.110,14.03, 5]hexacosa-10,12,14(26),16,18-pentaen-6-yl ester, [1S-(1R*,2S*,3R*,5R*,6R*,16E,18E,20S*,21R*)]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAYTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Maitansine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Maitansine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maysanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Maysanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maytansin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Maytansin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maytansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maytansine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"alanine, N-acetyl-N-methyl-, 6-ester with 11-chloro-6, 21-dihydroxy-12,20-dimethoxy-2,5,9,16-tetramethyl-4,24-dioxa-9,22-diazatetracyclo[19.3.1.1(10,24).0(3,5)]hexacosa-10,12,14[26], 16,18-pentaene-8,23-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"153858"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024975"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"35846-53-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"14083FR882"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39492"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39492"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H46ClN3O10"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Maytansine"}]}}{"C127817":{"preferredName":"Tapotoclax","code":"C127817","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein MCL-1 (myeloid cell leukemia-1), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tapotoclax binds to and inhibits the activity of MCL-1. This disrupts the formation of MCL-1/Bcl-2-like protein 11 (BCL2L11; BIM) complexes and induces apoptosis in tumor cells. MCL-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the Bcl-2 family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAPOTOCLAX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tapotoclax","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tapotoclax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507931"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1883727-34-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"97W7N9T08G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781850"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781850"}]}}{"C156740":{"preferredName":"Murizatoclax","code":"C156740","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (myeloid cell leukemia-1; Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MCL-1 inhibitor AMG 397 targets and binds to Mcl-1, thereby preventing the binding of Mcl-1 to and inactivation of certain pro-apoptotic proteins. This promotes apoptosis of cells overexpressing Mcl-1. Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 397","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-397","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG397","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCL-1 inhibitor AMG 397","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MCL-1 inhibitor AMG 397","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MURIZATOCLAX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Murizatoclax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Cell Leukemia 1 Inhibitor AMG 397","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935903"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2245848-05-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BO0V7196L2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795697"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795697"}]}}{"C137989":{"preferredName":"Mcl-1 Inhibitor AZD5991","code":"C137989","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (myeloid cell leukemia-1; Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AZD5991 binds to Mcl-1, thereby preventing the binding of Mcl-1 to and inactivation of certain pro-apoptotic proteins, and promoting apoptosis of cells overexpressing Mcl-1. Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the Bcl-2 family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD-5991","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD5991","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCL1 Inhibitor AZD5991","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mcl-1 Inhibitor AZD5991","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524956"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790242"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790242"}]}}{"C133174":{"preferredName":"Mcl-1 Inhibitor MIK665","code":"C133174","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MIK665 binds to and inhibits the activity of Mcl-1, which promotes apoptosis of cells overexpressing Mcl-1. Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the Bcl-2 family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MIK 665","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIK-665","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIK-665","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MIK665","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mcl-1 Inhibitor MIK665","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mcl-1 Inhibitor MIK665","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S 64315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-64315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S64315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520448"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1799638-19-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"801XYWHNOS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788002"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788002"}]}}{"C162749":{"preferredName":"MDM2 Antagonist ASTX295","code":"C162749","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the human homolog of murine double minute 2 (MDM2; HDM2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MDM2 antagonist ASTX295 targets and binds to MDM2 protein and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. This prevents p53 proteasomal degradation and restores the transcriptional activity of p53. This leads to p53-mediated induction of apoptosis in cancers with a wild-type p53 gene. MDM2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, regulates the level and activity of p53.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASTX 295","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASTX-295","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASTX295","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDM2 Antagonist ASTX295","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MDM2 Antagonist ASTX295","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDM2 Inhibitor ASTX295","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973194"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798989"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798989"}]}}{"C91724":{"preferredName":"MDM2 Antagonist RO5045337","code":"C91724","definitions":[{"description":"An MDM2 (human homolog of double minutes-2; HDM2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. RO5045337 binds to MDM2, thereby preventing the binding of the MDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored, which may result in the restoration of p53 signaling and thus the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein, is a negative regulator of the p53 pathway; often overexpressed in cancer cells, it has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDM2 Antagonist RO5045337","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MDM2 Antagonist RO5045337","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R7112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5045337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5045337","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RO5045337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421615"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q8MI0X869M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581121"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581121"}]}}{"C114980":{"preferredName":"MDM2 Antagonist RO6839921","code":"C114980","definitions":[{"description":"An MDM2 (human homolog of murine double minute-2; HDM2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, RO6839921 binds to MDM2 and prevents the binding of the MDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing MDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This may result in the restoration of p53 signaling, followed by p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein, is a negative regulator of the p53 pathway and is often overexpressed in cancer cells; p53 inhibition has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDM2 Antagonist RO6839921","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO6839921","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472577"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759578"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759578"}]}}{"C116624":{"preferredName":"MDM2 Inhibitor KRT-232","code":"C116624","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of MDM2 (murine double minute 2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MDM2 inhibitor KRT-232 binds to the MDM2 protein and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is overexpressed in cancer cells; it plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3R,5R,6S)-5-(3-Chlorophenyl)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-1-((1S)-2-methyl-1-(((1-methylethyl)sulfonyl)methyl)propyl)-2-oxo-3-piperidineacetic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG 232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRT 232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRT-232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRT-232","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"KRT232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDM2 Inhibitor KRT-232","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MDM2 Inhibitor KRT-232","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3852521"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1352066-68-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7R7G6EH5UL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742695"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742695"}]}}{"C156709":{"preferredName":"MDM2 Inhibitor BI 907828","code":"C156709","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of murine double minute 2 (MDM2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BI 907828 binds to MDM2 protein and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing MDM2-p53 interaction, the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Compared to currently available MDM2 inhibitors, the pharmacokinetic properties of BI 907828 allow for more optimal dosing and dose schedules that may reduce myelosuppression, an on-target, dose-limiting toxicity for this class of inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 907828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-907828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI907828","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDM2 Inhibitor BI 907828","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MDM2 Inhibitor BI 907828","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935863"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795735"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795735"}]}}{"C156415":{"preferredName":"MDM2 Inhibitor KRT-232","code":"C156415","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of MDM2 (murine double minute 2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MDM2 inhibitor KRT-232 binds to the MDM2 protein and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is overexpressed in cancer cells; it plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDM2 Inhibitor KRT-232","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Thu Mar 05 15:41:54 EST 2020 - See 'MDM2 Inhibitor AMG-232(C116624)'"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C162996"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563107"}]}}{"C118669":{"preferredName":"MDM2/MDMX Inhibitor ALRN-6924","code":"C118669","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of both murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and murine double minute X (MDMX), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ALRN-6924 binds to both MDM2 and MDMX and interferes with their interaction with the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing MDM2-p53 and MDMX-p53 interactions, p53 activity is restored, which leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2 and MDMX, negative regulators of p53 function, are often overexpressed in cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALRN-6924","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDM2/MDMX Inhibitor ALRN-6924","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MDM2/MDMX Inhibitor ALRN-6924","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896920"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765720"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765720"}]}}{"C67042":{"preferredName":"MDR Modulator CBT-1","code":"C67042","definitions":[{"description":"A substance taken from plants that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may help drugs kill tumor cells that have become resistant to drugs. It is a type of multidrug resistance inhibitor and a type of P-glycoprotein antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally-occurring, orally bioavailable bisbenzylisoquinoline plant alkaloid with potential chemosensitization activity. MDR modulator CBT-1 binds to and inhibits the MDR efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which may inhibit the efflux of various chemotherapeutic agents from tumor cells and reverse P-gp-mediated tumor cell MDR. P-gp is a transmembrane ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter and is overexpressed by some multidrug resistant tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CBT-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBT-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MDR Modulator CBT-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDR modulator CBT-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0916470"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"538747"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"538747"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CBT-1"}]}}{"C62056":{"preferredName":"Mechlorethamine","code":"C62056","definitions":[{"description":"The nitrogen mustard vesicant HN-2.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A synthetic agent related to sulphur mustard with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. Nitrogen mustard (a member of a family of chemotherapy agents including cyclophosphamide and chlorambucil) is an irritant and carcinogenic agent metabolized to a highly reactive ethylene immonium derivative; the ethylene immonium derivative alkylates DNA and inhibits DNA replication. This agent also exhibits lympholytic properties. 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It attaches to the cell's DNA and may kill cancer cells. Mechlorethamine hydrochloride is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of mechlorethamine, a nitrogen mustard and an analogue of sulfur mustard, with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Mechlorethamine is metabolized to an unstable, highly reactive ethyleniminium intermediate that alkylates DNA, particularly the 7 nitrogen of guanine residues, resulting in DNA base pair mismatching, DNA interstrand crosslinking, the inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. This agent also exhibits lympholytic properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bis(2-chloroethyl)methylamine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Caryolysine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Caryolysine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chlorethamine HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorethazine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlormethine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlormethine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Chloromethine HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chloromethine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cloramin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erasol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erasol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"HN 2 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MECHLORETHAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mechlorethamine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Methylbis(beta-chloroethyl)amine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Methylbis(beta-chloroethyl)amine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylchlorethamine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mustargen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mustargen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Mustargen HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mustargen Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mustargen hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mustine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mustine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-Lost","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-Lost","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onco-Cloramin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-147650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chlorethamine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ethanamine,2-chloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-methyl Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mechlorethamine HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mechlorethamine hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"mustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"762"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0600266"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"55-86-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Bronchogenic carcinoma; chronic lymphocytic and myelcytic leukemia; Hodgkins dieseas, palliative; lymphosarcoma; mycosis fungoides; polycythemia vera"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L0MR697HHI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43434"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43434"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H11Cl2N.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nitrogen_Mustard"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:55368"}]}}{"C119736":{"preferredName":"Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride Gel","code":"C119736","definitions":[{"description":"A gel formulation composed of the hydrochloride salt form of mechlorethamine, which is a nitrogen mustard alkylating agent and an analog of sulfur mustard, with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Upon topical application, mechlorethamine is metabolized to an unstable, highly reactive ethyleniminium intermediate that binds to and alkylates DNA, with a high affinity to the N7 nitrogen of guanine residues. This results in DNA base pair mismatching, DNA interstrand crosslinking, the inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mechlorethamine HCl Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride Gel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Valchlor","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3666714"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766986"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766986"}]}}{"C87599":{"preferredName":"Medorubicin","code":"C87599","definitions":[{"description":"A demethoxy derivative of doxorubicin with antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,3S)-3-Glycoloyl-1,2,3,4,6,11-Hexahydro-3,5,12-Trihydroxy-6,11-Dioxo-1-Naphthacenyl 3-Amino-2,3,6-Trideoxy-Alpha-L-Lyxo-Hexopyranoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Demethoxydoxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Medorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"256438"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0048224"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"64314-52-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NU158DGH9E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H27NO10"}]}}{"C629":{"preferredName":"Medroxyprogesterone","code":"C629","definitions":[{"description":"A hormonal anticancer drug that is also used in cancer prevention. It belongs to the family of drugs called progestins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of progesterone administered as an acetate salt (medroxyprogesterone acetate) with antiestrogenic activity. As a do all progestins, medroxyprogesterone binds to and activates nuclear receptors which subsequently bind to and activate target genes for transcription. As an antiestrogen, this agent may inhibit the growth-stimulating effects of estrogen on estrogen-sensitive tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6Alpha)-17-hydroxy-6-methylpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17Alpha-hydroxy-6alpha-methylprogesterone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6Alpha-methyl-17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6Alpha-methyl-4-pregnen-17alpha-ol-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Curretab","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Curretab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MEDROXYPROGESTERONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"medroxyprogesterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"27408"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025147"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"520-85-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast carcinoma; Contraception; Endometrial carcinoma; Renal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HSU1C9YRES"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39813"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39813"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H32O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Medroxyprogesterone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6715"}]}}{"C1155":{"preferredName":"Medroxyprogesterone Acetate","code":"C1155","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to prevent endometrial cancer. It is also used to treat menstrual disorders and as a form of birth control. It is a form of the female hormone progesterone and belongs to the family of drugs called progestins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, acetate derivative of the sex hormone progesterone. Medroxyprogesterone 17-acetate (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6alpha)-17-(Acetyloxy)-6-methylpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-(Acetyloxy)-6alpha-methylpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Hydroxy-6alpha-methylpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17Alpha-acetoxy-6alpha-methylprogesterone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Alpha-methyl-17alpha-acetoxyprogesterone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aragest","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ciclotal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clinofem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clinovir","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cycrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Clinovir","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Provera","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-provera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Depot-Medroxyprogestereone Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Farlutal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Farlutal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"G-Farlutal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gestapuran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gestapuran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hysron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutoral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutoral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone 17-Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Medroxyprogesteroni Acetas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylacetoxyprogesterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metipregnone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nadigest","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Nadigest (vet)","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nidaxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Nidaxin (vet)","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oragest","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oragest","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Perlutex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perlutex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Prodasone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prodasone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Provera","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Provera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sodelut G","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Veramix","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Veramix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"medroxyprogesterone acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"26386"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"21171"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065864"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"71-58-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C2QI4IOI2G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39813"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39813"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H34O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Medroxyprogesterone_17-Acetate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6716"}]}}{"C1156":{"preferredName":"Megestrol Acetate","code":"C1156","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to block estrogen and suppress the effects of estrogen and androgens. It is used to treat breast and endometrial cancer, and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is also used to improve appetite in patients with cancer. Megace belongs to the group of hormones called progestins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The acetate salt form of megestrol, a synthetic derivative of the naturally occurring female sex hormone progesterone with potential anti-estrogenic and antineoplastic activity. Mimicking the action of progesterone, megestrol acetate binds to and activates nuclear progesterone receptors in the reproductive system, and causes the ligand-receptor complex to be translocated to the nucleus where it binds to and promotes expression of target genes. This leads to an alteration in protein synthesis, which modulates cell growth of reproductive tissues. Due to the negative feedback mechanism seen with progesterone, megestrol also blocks luteinizing hormone (LH) release from the pituitary gland, thereby leading to an inhibition of ovulation and an alteration in the cervical mucus and endometrium. Furthermore, without stimulation of LH, estrogen release from the ovaries is stopped, hence impedes the growth of estrogen-sensitive tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(9beta,10alpha)-17-(Acetyloxy)-6-methylpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17 Alpha-acetoxy-6-methylpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Hydroxy-6-methylpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Hydroxy-6-methylpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"17.alpha.-Acetoxy-6-methylpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Dehydro-6-methyl-17 alpha-acetoxyprogesterone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Dehydro-6-methyl-17.alpha.-acetoxyprogesterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Methyl-6-dehydro-17.alpha.-acetoxyprogesterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Methyl-delta-4,6-pregnadien-17 alpha-ol-3,20-dione Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BDH 1298","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BDH-1298","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEGESTROL ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Maygace","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Megace","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Megace","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Megace","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Megestat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Megestil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Megestrol Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Megestrol Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Megestrol Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Niagestin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Niagestin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ovaban","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ovaban","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pallace","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-10363","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-10363","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"71423"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065879"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"595-33-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Appetite enhancement, AIDS patients; Breast cancer, palliative treatment; Endometrial carcinoma, palliative treatment"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TJ2M0FR8ES"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43435"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43435"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H32O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Megestrol_Acetate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6723"}]}}{"C98832":{"preferredName":"MEK 1/2 Inhibitor AS703988/MSC2015103B","code":"C98832","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK) 1 and 2 with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK1/2 inhibitor AS703988/MSC2015103B selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1/2, preventing the activation of MEK1/2-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK1/2 are dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinases that play key roles in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway that regulates cell growth and are often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AS703988","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AS703988/MSC2015103B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK 1/2 Inhibitor AS703988/MSC2015103B","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MEK 1/2 Inhibitor AS703988/MSC2015103B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC2015103B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432851"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714900"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714900"}]}}{"C69143":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor AZD8330","code":"C69143","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active, selective MEK inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor AZD8330 specifically inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK or MAP/ERK kinase1), resulting in inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth; constitutive activation of this pathway has been implicated in many cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARRY-424704","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY-704","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD8330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor AZD8330","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor AZD8330","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346908"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543526"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543526"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MEK_Inhibitor_AZD8330"}]}}{"C2670":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor CI-1040","code":"C2670","definitions":[{"description":"An agent that inhibits both mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases 1 and 2 (MEK1 and MEK2), substrates of Raf and phosphorylates extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1 and ERK2), preventing phosphorylation and activation of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathways, involved with signal transduction pathways and tumor proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(2-Chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-N-cyclopropylmethoxy-3,4-difluorobenzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-1040","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor CI-1040","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 184352/CI-1040","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-184352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0769765"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38593"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38593"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CI-1040"}]}}{"C155971":{"preferredName":"MEK inhibitor CS3006","code":"C155971","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPKK; MEK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MEK inhibitor CS3006 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the catalytic activity of MEK, thereby inhibiting the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells in which the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway is overactivated. The threonine/tyrosine protein kinase MEK plays a key role in the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, which is frequently upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types. The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway regulates key cellular activities including cell growth, proliferation, survival, differentiation and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CS 3006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-3006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS3006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAPK Kinase Inhibitor CS3006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK inhibitor CS3006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562716"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795024"}]}}{"C95738":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor GDC-0623","code":"C95738","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active, selective MEK inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor GDC-0623 specifically inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK or MAP/ERK kinase), resulting in inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth; constitutive activation of this pathway has been implicated in many cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDC-0623","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor GDC-0623","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor GDC-0623","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421583"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673612"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673612"}]}}{"C52195":{"preferredName":"Mirdametinib","code":"C52195","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, synthetic organic molecule targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPK/ERK kinase or MEK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, mirdametinib selectively binds to and inhibits MEK, which may result in the inhibition of the phosphorylation and activation of MAPK/ERK and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. The dual specific threonine/tyrosine kinase MEK is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that is frequently activated in human tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor PD0325901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIRDAMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mirdametinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mirdametinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-0325901","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1675748"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"391210-10-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"86K0J5AK6M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456780"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456780"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PD-0325901"}]}}{"C82696":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor RO4987655","code":"C82696","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active small molecule, targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1 or MEK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor RO4987655 binds to and inhibits MEK, which may result in the inhibition of MEK-dependent cell signaling and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a dual specificity threonine/tyrosine kinase, is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth; constitutive activation of this pathway has been implicated in many cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor RO4987655","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO4987655","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830219"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633506"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633506"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MEK_Serine_Threonine_Kinase_Inhibitor_RO4987655"}]}}{"C150680":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor SHR 7390","code":"C150680","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPK/ERK kinase; MEK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MEK inhibitor SHR 7390 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK. This prevents the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins, which results in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinase family that plays a key role in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, is frequently upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAP2K Inhibitor SHR 7390","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAPK Kinase Inhibitor SHR 7390","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor SHR 7390","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEKi SHR 7390","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 7390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-7390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR7390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552486"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793097"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793097"}]}}{"C84858":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor TAK-733","code":"C84858","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of MEK1 and MEK2 (MEK1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor TAK-733 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1/2, preventing the activation of MEK1/2-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK1/2 (MAP2K1/K2) are dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinases that play key roles in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and are often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor TAK-733","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor TAK-733","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-733","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-733","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827535"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5J61HSP0QJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651550"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651550"}]}}{"C101532":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor WX-554","code":"C101532","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor WX-554 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK, thereby preventing the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins including some transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinase that plays a key role in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, is frequently upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor WX-554","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX-554","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435784"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732484"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732484"}]}}{"C79848":{"preferredName":"MEK-1/MEKK-1 Inhibitor E6201","code":"C79848","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, fungal metabolite analogue inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK-1) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (MEKK-1) with potential antipsoriatic and antineoplastic activities. MEK-1/MEKK-1 inhibitor E6201 specifically binds to and inhibits the activities of MEK-1 and MEKK-1, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. MEK-1 and MEKK-1 are key components in the RAS/RAF/MEK/MAPK signaling pathway, which regulates cell proliferation and is frequently activated in human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E6201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK-1/MEKK-1 Inhibitor E6201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MEK-1/MEKK-1 Inhibitor E6201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388442"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629676"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"629676"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MEK-1_MEKK-1_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_E6201"}]}}{"C106126":{"preferredName":"MEK/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor BI 847325","code":"C106126","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available dual inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and Aurora kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MEK/Aurora kinase inhibitor BI 847325 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK, which both prevents the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins and inhibits growth factor-mediated cell signaling. BI 847325 also binds to and inhibits the activity of the Aurora kinases A, B and C which may disrupt the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, prevent chromosome segregation, and inhibit both cellular division and proliferation in Aurora kinase-overexpressing tumor cells. Altogether, this leads to the inhibition of cell proliferation and tumor growth as well as the induction of tumor regression. MEK, a dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinase that plays a key role in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, is frequently upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types. Aurora kinases are serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control and are overexpressed by a wide variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 847325","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor BI 847325","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827151"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698315"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698315"}]}}{"C29178":{"preferredName":"Melanoma Monoclonal Antibody hIgG2A","code":"C29178","definitions":[{"description":"One of a number human monoclonal antibodies of the immunoglobulin subclass IgG2a directed against melanoma antigens with potential antineoplastic activity. A melanoma monoclonal antibody, subclass IgG2A, may have potential use as a diagnostic agent and, therapeutically, may induce macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity against antibody-bound melanoma cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"M A IG2A Human Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma Monoclonal Antibody hIgG2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1513096"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Melanoma_Monoclonal_Antibody_hIgG2A"}]}}{"C91380":{"preferredName":"Melanoma TRP2 CTL Epitope Vaccine SCIB1","code":"C91380","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary DNA-based cancer vaccine that encodes a melanoma antigen tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP2) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitope and a modified monoclonal antibody, a chimera of human IgG1/murine IgG2a with T cell mimotopes expressed within the complementarity-determining regions (CDR) of the antibodies, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular injection and electroporation, melanoma TRP2 CTL epitope vaccine SCIB1 expresses the modified antibody. Subsequently, the Fc component of the engineered antibody targets and binds to the CD64 receptor on the dendritic cells (DCs); upon processing by DCs, the cellular immune system may be activated to induce helper T-cell and CTL immune responses against tumor cells expressing the TRP2 antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Melanoma TRP2 CTL Epitope Vaccine SCIB1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCIB1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421601"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675320"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675320"}]}}{"C120183":{"preferredName":"Melapuldencel-T","code":"C120183","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic melanoma vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with antigens from lethally irradiated autologous tumor cells derived from a patient-specific, continuously proliferating and melanoma-initiating cell line and suspended in a solution containing the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, melapuldencel-T may stimulate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against the patient's repertoire of melanoma-associated antigens, particularly tumor stem cell antigens, found in the irradiated autologous cancer cells. As an immunostimulant, GM-CSF enhances the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and promotes antigen presentation to both B- and T-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous DCs Loaded with Irradiated Autologous Tumor Cells in GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Dendritic Cells Loaded with Irradiated Autologous Tumor Cells in Granulocyte-macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DC-TC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melapuldencel-T","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Melapuldencel-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896681"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C111569":{"preferredName":"MELK Inhibitor OTS167","code":"C111569","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, OTS167 binds to MELK, which prevents both MELK phosphorylation and activation; thus inhibiting the phosphorylation of downstream MELK substrates. This may lead to an inhibition of both cell proliferation and survival in MELK-expressing tumor cells. MELK, a serine/threonine kinase, is involved in cancer cell survival, invasiveness and cancer-stem cell formation and maintenance; it is highly upregulated in various types of cancer cells and absent in normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MELK Inhibitor OTS167","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MELK Inhibitor OTS167","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OTS-167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OTS-167","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OTS167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL453977"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VY778IXU5T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751983"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751983"}]}}{"C633":{"preferredName":"Melphalan","code":"C633","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat multiple myeloma and ovarian epithelial cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A phenylalanine derivative of nitrogen mustard with antineoplastic activity. Melphalan alkylates DNA at the N7 position of guanine and induces DNA inter-strand cross-linkages, resulting in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and cytotoxicity against both dividing and non-dividing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-L-phenylalanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alanine Nitrogen Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CB-3025","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-PAM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Phenylalanine Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Phenylalanine mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Sarcolysin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Sarcolysin Phenylalanine mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Sarcolysine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"L-Sarcolysine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-sarcolysin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MELPHALAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Melphalan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Melphalan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melphalan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Melphalanum","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenylalanine Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenylalanine Nitrogen Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenylalanine nitrogen mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sarcoclorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarkolysin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarkolysin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"WR-19813","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"melphalan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"p-di(chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"8806"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"241286"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025241"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"148-82-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; neuroblastoma; palliative treatment of multiple myeloma and nonresectable epithelial ovarian carcinoma; rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q41OR9510P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779085"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779085"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H18Cl2N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Melphalan"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28876"}]}}{"C107680":{"preferredName":"Melphalan Flufenamide","code":"C107680","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-drug conjugate composed of a peptide conjugated, via an aminopeptidase-targeting linkage, to the alkylating agent melphalan, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, the highly lipophilic melphalan flufenamide penetrates cell membranes and enters cells. In aminopeptidase-positive tumor cells, melphalan flufenamide is hydrolyzed by peptidases to release the hydrophilic alkylating agent melphalan. This results in the specific release and accumulation of melphalan in aminopeptidase-positive tumor cells. Melphalan alkylates DNA at the N7 position of guanine residues and induces DNA intra- and inter-strand cross-linkages. This results in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and the induction of apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. Peptidases are overexpressed by certain cancer cells. The administration of melphalan flufenamide allows for enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity compared to melphalan.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ethyl (2S)-2-((2S)-2-Amino-3-(4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)propanamido)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"J-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"J1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-melphalanyl-p-L-fluorophenylalanine Ethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MELPHALAN FLUFENAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Melflufen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melphalan Flufenamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Melphalan Flufenamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prodrug J1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ygalo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1435750"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"380449-51-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F70C5K4786"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751473"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751473"}]}}{"C48002":{"preferredName":"Melphalan Hydrochloride","code":"C48002","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat multiple myeloma and ovarian epithelial cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bifunctional alkylating agent and phenylalanine derivative of nitrogen mustard. Melphalan hydrochloride is converted into highly reactive ethylenimmonium intermediates that induce covalent guanine N7-N7 intra- and inter-crosslinks and alkylation of adenine N3 of DNA. This agent also alkylates RNA and protein structures. As a result RNA transcription and protein synthesis are inhibited, ultimately leading to cell growth arrest and/or death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(p-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)-L-Alanine, Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alkeran","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alkeran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Alkerana","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Evomela","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MELPHALAN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Melphalan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Melphalan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"241286"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771055"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3223-07-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1VXP4V453T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42973"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42973"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H18Cl2N2O2.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Melphalan_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C84878":{"preferredName":"Melphalan Hydrochloride/Sulfobutyl Ether Beta-Cyclodextrin Complex","code":"C84878","definitions":[{"description":"A propylene glycol-free intravenous formulation containing the hydrochloride salt of the nitrogen mustard phenylalanine derivative melphalan complexed with polyanionic sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin (SBE-CD) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, melphalan is converted into highly reactive ethylenimmonium intermediates that induce covalent guanine N7-N7 intra- and inter-crosslinks and alkylation of adenine N3 of DNA; RNA and proteins may also be alkylated. Subsequently, RNA transcription and protein synthesis are inhibited, resulting in cell growth arrest. The addition of sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin to the formulation improves the solubility, stability and ease of use of melphalan; cyclodextrins are cyclic dextrins derived from starch.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Captisol-enabled Melphalan IV","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melphalan Hydrochloride/Sulfobutyl Ether Beta-Cyclodextrin Complex","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Melphalan Hydrochloride/Sulfobutyl Ether Beta-Cyclodextrin Complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412380"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649061"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649061"}]}}{"C84860":{"preferredName":"Membrane-Disrupting Peptide EP-100","code":"C84860","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, positively charged fusion protein consisting of a luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) receptor-targeting ligand conjugated to the membrane-disrupting peptide CLIP 71 with membrane-disrupting and potential antineoplastic activities. The LHRH ligand moiety of membrane-disrupting peptide EP-100 specifically binds to LHRH receptors, which are upregulated on a variety of human cancer cell types. Subsequently, the positively charged CLIP 71 moiety of this agent interacts with the negatively charged membrane on the cancer cell surface, which may result in cell membrane disruption and cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EP-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Membrane-Disrupting Peptide EP-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Membrane-Disrupting Peptide EP-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412421"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UF1EL37E41"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"652192"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"652192"}]}}{"C52194":{"preferredName":"Menatetrenone","code":"C52194","definitions":[{"description":"A menaquinone compound and form of vitamin K2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Menatetrenone may act by modulating the signalling of certain tyrosine kinases, thereby affecting several transcription factors including c-myc and c-fos. This agent inhibits tumor cell growth by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methyl-3-trans-tetraprenyl-1,4-naphthoquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E0167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MENATETRENONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Menaquinone K4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Menaquinone-4","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Menatetrenone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin MK 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065936"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"863-61-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"27Y876D139"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459755"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459755"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H40O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Menatetrenone"}]}}{"C1389":{"preferredName":"Menogaril","code":"C1389","definitions":[{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic nogalamycin. Menogaril intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7(R)-O-Methylnogarol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"7-(R)-O-methylnogarol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-OMEN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-OMEN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"7-con-O-Methylnogarol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"7-con-O-methylnogarol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-con-O-methylnorgarol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MENOGARIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MENOGARIL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Menogaril","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Menogarol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMEN,7-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TUT-7","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-52047","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-52047","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"[2R-(2alpha,3beta,4alpha,5beta,6alpha,11alpha,13alpha)]-4-(dimethylamino)-3,4,5,6,11,12,13,14-octahydro-3,5,8,10,13-pentahydroxy-11-methoxy-6,13-dimethyl-2,6-epoxy-2H-naphthaceno[1,2-b]oxocin-9,16-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"269148"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0127527"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"71628-96-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8JSV4O30HQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40153"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H31NO10"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Menogaril"}]}}{"C1390":{"preferredName":"Merbarone","code":"C1390","definitions":[{"description":"A nonsedating derivative of thiobarbituric acid and a novel catalytic topoisomerase II inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Merbarone interferes with DNA replication via binding directly to topoisomerase II at a domain that maybe shared by other topoisomerase II cleavage-enhancing agents, ex., etoposide. Its mechanism of action appears to be a novel one, since merbarone does not intercalate DNA nor stabilize DNA-topoisomerase II cleavable complexes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MERBARONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Merbarone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Merbarone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"336628"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0127565"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YWB9IF596V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40220"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40220"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Merbarone"}]}}{"C195":{"preferredName":"Mercaptopurine","code":"C195","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat acute lymphatic leukemia. It belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A thiopurine-derivative antimetabolite with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Produced through the metabolism of mercaptopurine by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT), mercaptopurine metabolites 6-thioguanosine-5'-phosphate (6-thioGMP) and 6-thioinosine monophosphate (T-IMP) inhibit nucleotide interconversions and de novo purine synthesis, thereby blocking the formation of purine nucleotides and inhibiting DNA synthesis. This agent is also incorporated into DNA in the form of deoxythioguanosine, which results in the disruption of DNA replication. In addition, mercaptopurine is converted to 6-methylmercaptopurine ribonucleoside (MMPR) by 6-thiopurine methyltransferase; MMPRs are also potent inhibitors of de novo purine synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,7-Dihydro-6H-purine-6-thione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,7-Dihydro-6H-purine-6-thione Monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3H-Purine-6-thiol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3H-Purine-6-thiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6 MP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6 Thiohypoxanthine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6 Thiopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-MP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-MP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Mercaptopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Mercaptopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Mercaptopurine Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Purinethiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Purinethiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Thiopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Thiopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Thioxopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Thioxopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6H-Purine-6-thione, 1,7-dihydro- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6H-Purine-6-thione, 1,7-dihydro- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"7-Mercapto-1,3,4,6-tetrazaindene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Mercapto-1,3,4,6-tetrazaindene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Alti-Mercaptopurine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azathiopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BW 57-323H","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bw 57-323H","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Flocofil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ismipur","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ismipur","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leukerin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukerin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leupurin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leupurin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MERCAPTOPURINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mercaleukim","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaleukim","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mercaleukin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mercaleukin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercapto-6-purine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptopurine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mercaptopurine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Mercaptopurine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptopurinum","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercapurin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mercapurin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mern","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mern","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCI-C04886","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Puri-Nethol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Puri-Nethol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Purimethol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Purimethol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purine, 6-mercapto-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Purine-6-thiol (8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purine-6-thiol (8CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Purine-6-thiol Monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purine-6-thiol, Monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purine-6-thiol, monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Purinethiol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purinethol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purinethol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Purinethol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"U-4748","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-4748","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"WR-2785","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mercaptopurine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"755"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0000618"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6112-76-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute lymphocytic leukemia; Acute myelogenous leukemia; Crohns disease; Hodgkins lymphoma in children; Lymphoblastic lymphoma; Ulcerative colitis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E7WED276I5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43436"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43436"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H4N4S.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mercaptopurine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31822"}]}}{"C61832":{"preferredName":"Mercaptopurine Anhydrous","code":"C61832","definitions":[{"description":"The anhydrous form of mercaptopurine, a thiopurine-derivative antimetabolite with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Produced through the metabolism of mercaptopurine by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT), mercaptopurine metabolites 6-thioguanosine-5'-phosphate (6-thioGMP) and 6-thioinosine monophosphate (T-IMP) inhibit nucleotide interconversions and de novo purine synthesis, thereby blocking the formation of purine nucleotides and inhibiting DNA synthesis. This agent is also incorporated into DNA in the form of deoxythioguanosine, which results in the disruption of DNA replication. In addition, mercaptopurine is converted to 6-methylmercaptopurine ribonucleoside (MMPR) by 6-thiopurine methyltransferase; MMPRs are also potent inhibitors of de novo purine synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MERCAPTOPURINE ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mercaptopurine Anhydrous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881785"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-44-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PKK6MUZ20G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H4N4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mercaptopurine_Anhydrous"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50667"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:2208"}]}}{"C111757":{"preferredName":"Mercaptopurine Oral Suspension","code":"C111757","definitions":[{"description":"An oral suspension containing the thiopurine-derivative antimetabolite 6-mercaptopurine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mercaptopurine is metabolized by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRTase) to its active metabolite 6-thioinosine monophosphate (TIMP); TIMP inhibits nucleotide interconversions and de novo purine ribonucleotide synthesis, which both blocks the formation of purine nucleotides and inhibits DNA synthesis. This agent is also incorporated into DNA in the form of deoxythioguanosine, which results in the disruption of DNA replication. By blocking DNA synthesis and replication, cancer cells are unable to proliferate. Compared to the tablet formulation, the liquid is easier to swallow and offers more flexibility and accuracy in dosing, which is beneficial for use in pediatric patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-MP Oral Suspension","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptopurine Oral Suspension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purixan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xaluprine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3820263"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752956"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752956"}]}}{"C95729":{"preferredName":"Merestinib","code":"C95729","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met (also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR)) with potential antineoplastic activity. Merestinib selectively binds to c-Met, thereby inhibiting c-Met phosphorylation and disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. This agent has potent anti-tumor efficacy in mono and combination therapy in a broad range of cancers. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Pyridinecarboxamide, N-(3-fluoro-4-((1-methyl-6-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-indazol-5-yl)oxy)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,2-dihydro-6-methyl-2-oxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2801653","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2801653","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MERESTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Merestinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Merestinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987379"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1206799-15-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5OGS5K699E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694732"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694732"}]}}{"C192":{"preferredName":"Mesna","code":"C192","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that helps protect the kidneys and bladder from the toxic effects of anticancer drugs such as ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sulfhydryl compound that is used to reduce the incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis associated with certain chemotherapeutic agents. Mesna is converted to a free thiol compound in the kidney, where it binds to and inactivates acrolein and other urotoxic metabolites of ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide, thereby reducing their toxic effects on the urinary tract during urinary excretion. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Mercaptoethanesulfonate, Sodium Salt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2-Mercaptoethanesulfonic Acid Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ausobronc","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-7093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Filesna","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MESNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mercaptoethane Sulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptoethanesulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesna","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mesna","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesna","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mesnex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesnil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesnum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mexan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mistabron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mistabronco","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mistabronco","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mitexan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucofluid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucofluid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mucolene","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium 2-Mercaptoethane Sulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium 2-Mercaptoethanesulphonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCB 3983","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uromitexan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uromitexan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ziken","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mesna","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"113891"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0000294"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"19767-45-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis, prophylaxis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NR7O1405Q9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39759"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39759"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C2H5O3S2.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mesna"}]}}{"C162935":{"preferredName":"Mesothelin/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN536","code":"C162935","definitions":[{"description":"recombinant antibody derivative composed of a tri-specific T-cell activating construct (TriTAC) directed against the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN) and the epsilon domain of CD3 antigen (CD3e) found on T-lymphocytes which are both linked to either side of an anti-albumin single domain antibody, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the MSLN/CD3e TriTAC HPN536, the anti-MSLN single antibody domain targets and binds MSLN on tumor cells and the anti-CD3e single-chain variable fragment (scFv) targets and binds to CD3e on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), thereby bringing MSLN-expressing tumor cells and CTLs together, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of MSLN-expressing tumor cells. The albumin-binding domain targets and binds to serum albumin, thereby extending the serum half-life of HPN536. MSLN is overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cell types. Overexpression of MSLN is often associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPN 536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPN-536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPN536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSLN-specific TriTAC HPN536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSLN/CD3e TriTAC HPN536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelin-targeting T-cell Engager HPN536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelin/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN536","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mesothelin/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN536","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelin/CD3e-specific TriTAC HPN536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TriTAC HPN536","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973294"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799094"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799094"}]}}{"C148537":{"preferredName":"MET Kinase Inhibitor OMO-1","code":"C148537","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the proto-oncogene and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met; HGFR; MET) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, OMO-1 selectively binds to c-Met, thereby inhibiting c-Met phosphorylation and disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ-38877618","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET Kinase Inhibitor OMO-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMO-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMO1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551128"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792712"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792712"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MET_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_BMS-777607"}]}}{"C74060":{"preferredName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-777607","code":"C74060","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of MET tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor BMS-777607 binds to c-Met protein, or hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), preventing binding of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and disrupting the MET signaling pathway; this agent may induce cell death in tumor cells expressing c-Met. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and in tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-777607","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-777607","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346911"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587999"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587999"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MET_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_BMS-777607"}]}}{"C91097":{"preferredName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor EMD 1204831","code":"C91097","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) with potential antineoplastic activity. MET inhibitor EMD 1204831 selectively binds to Met tyrosine kinase, thereby disrupting MET mediated signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing this kinase. MET is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EMD 1204831","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor EMD 1204831","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor EMD 1204831","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984036"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672542"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672542"}]}}{"C78483":{"preferredName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-04217903","code":"C78483","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailabe, small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor PF-04217903 selectively binds to and inhibits c-Met, disrupting the c-Met signaling pathway, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth, migration and invasion of tumor cells, and the induction of death in tumor cells expressing c-Met. The receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met, also known as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, playing an important role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(4-(1-(Quinolin-6-ylmethyl)-1H-(1,2,3)triazolo(4,5-b)pyrazin-6-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)ethanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-04217903","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-04217903","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04217903","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04217903","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703125"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"956905-27-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CYJ9ATV1IJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601032"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"601032"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MET_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_PF-04217903"}]}}{"C97511":{"preferredName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SAR125844","code":"C97511","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met (also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR)) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, c-Met inhibitor SAR125844 binds to c-Met, thereby disrupting c-Met-mediated signal transduction pathways. This may result in cell growth inhibition in tumors that overexpress c-Met. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancers, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SAR125844","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SAR125844","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR125844","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273459"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703771"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703771"}]}}{"C74062":{"preferredName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SGX523","code":"C74062","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule, c-Met inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MET receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor SGX523 specifically binds to c-Met protein, or hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), preventing binding of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and disrupting the MET signaling pathway; this agent may induce cell death in tumor cells expressing c-Met. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and in tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SGX523","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGX523","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346913"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"588972"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"588972"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MET_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_SGX523"}]}}{"C83946":{"preferredName":"Metamelfalan","code":"C83946","definitions":[{"description":"The meta form of the levo isomer melphalan, an alkylating nitrogen mustard with potential antineoplastic activity. Metamelfalan causes crosslinking of DNA, thereby preventing DNA replication and eventually cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"METAMELFALAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Metamelfalan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0127767"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1088-80-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3B30XBE7S2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H18Cl2N2O2"}]}}{"C162480":{"preferredName":"MetAP2 Inhibitor APL-1202","code":"C162480","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of methionine aminopeptidase II type (MetAP2) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, APL-1202 binds to and reversibly inhibits MetAP2, thereby preventing MetAP2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This may suppress endothelial cell growth and inhibit tumor angiogenesis, resulting in tumor cell death. MetAP2, a member of the dimetallohydrolase family, is upregulated in certain tumor cell types and plays a key role in angiogenesis, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APL 1202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APL-1202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APL1202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MetAP2 Inhibitor APL-1202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ethionine Aminopeptidase Type II Inhibitor APL-1202","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970968"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798664"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798664"}]}}{"C128030":{"preferredName":"MetAP2 Inhibitor SDX-7320","code":"C128030","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic copolymer-drug conjugate of a fumagillin-derived methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2) inhibitor conjugated to the bio-compatible polymer poly(N-(hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide) (HPMA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of SDX-7320, the active moiety SDX7539 is released inside the tumor cells. SDX7539 binds to and inhibits MetAP2, which prevents MetAP2-mediated signal transduction pathways and results in tumor cell death. MetAP2, a member of the dimetallohydrolase family upregulated in certain tumor cell types, plays a key role in angiogenesis, proliferation and survival. Polymer conjugation reduces systemic drug exposure and increases this agent's efficacy as compared to non-polymer conjugates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MetAP2 Inhibitor SDX-7320","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methionine aminopeptidase type II Inhibitor SDX-7320","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SDX-7320","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507924"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781275"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781275"}]}}{"C113294":{"preferredName":"Metatinib Tromethamine","code":"C113294","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the BCR-ABL fusion oncoprotein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor BL001 may inhibit the BCL-ABL protein, which may lead to decreased proliferation and enhanced apoptosis in tumor cells. BCR-ABL oncoprotein is generated by a reciprocal translocation between chromosome 9 and 22 specifically t(9;22)(q34;q11). The resulting fusion gene produces proteins with constitutively active tyrosine kinase activity, which stimulate both abnormal cell division and increased cellular proliferation. This fusion is associated with both chronic myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BL001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metatinib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metatinib Tromethamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458141"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755994"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755994"}]}}{"C61612":{"preferredName":"Metformin","code":"C61612","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to treat diabetes mellitus (a condition in which the body cannot control the level of sugar in the blood). It is also being studied in the treatment of cancer. It decreases the amount of glucose (a type of sugar) released into the bloodstream from the liver and increases the body's use of the glucose. Metformin is a type of antidiabetic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An agent belonging to the biguanide class of antidiabetics with antihyperglycemic activity. Metformin is associated with a very low incidence of lactic acidosis. This agent helps reduce LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and is not associated with weight gain, and prevents the cardiovascular complications of diabetes. Metformin is not metabolized and is excreted unchanged by the kidneys.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-Dimethylbiguanide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METFORMIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Metformin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Metformin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-Dimethylimidodicarbonimidic Diamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-dimethylbiguanide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"metformin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025598"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"657-24-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9100L32L2N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H11N5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Metformin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6801"}]}}{"C29251":{"preferredName":"Metformin Hydrochloride","code":"C29251","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat diabetes mellitus (a condition in which the body cannot control the level of sugar in the blood). It is also being studied in the treatment of cancer. It decreases the amount of glucose (a type of sugar) released into the bloodstream from the liver and increases the body's use of the glucose. Glucophage is a type of antidiabetic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the biguanide metformin with antihyperglycemic and potential antineoplastic activities. Metformin inhibits complex I (NADPH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, thereby increasing the cellular AMP to ATP ratio and leading to activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and regulating AMPK-mediated transcription of target genes. This eventually prevents hepatic gluconeogenesis, enhances insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation and ultimately leads to a decrease in glucose levels. Metformin may exert antineoplastic effects through AMPK-mediated or AMPK-independent inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is up-regulated in many cancer tissues. Furthermore, this agent also inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression which is mediated through the suppression of transcription activator protein-1 (AP-1) activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-Dimethylbiguanide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APO-Metformin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cidophage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimefor","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glifage","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucoformin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucophage","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucophage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Glucophage ER","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Metformin HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metformin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Metformin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Metformin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-Dimethylimidodicarbonimidic Diamide Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Riomet","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Siofor","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"metformin hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"91485"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0770893"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1115-70-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"786Z46389E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593641"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593641"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H11N5.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Metformin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1159":{"preferredName":"Methanol Extraction Residue of BCG","code":"C1159","definitions":[{"description":"A cell wall fraction of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) obtained by menthol extraction with immunomodulating properties and potential use in cancer immunotherapy. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MER BCG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MER of BCG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MER-BCG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanol Extraction Residue of BCG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanol Extraction Residue of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"143769"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0065973"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39495"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39495"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Methanol_Extraction_Residue_of_BCG"}]}}{"C61318":{"preferredName":"Methazolamide","code":"C61318","definitions":[{"description":"A sulfonamide derivate and carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Methazolamide inhibits tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), which may result in increased cell death in hypoxic tumors. As a hypoxia-inducible transmembrane glycoprotein, CAIX catalyzes the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid, protons, and bicarbonate ions, helping to maintain acidification of the tumor microenvironment and enhance resistance to cytotoxic therapy in some hypoxic tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glauctabs","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METHAZOLAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MZM","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methazolamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[5-(aminosulfonyl)-3-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2(3H)-ylidene]-acetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neptazane","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025631"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"554-57-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W733B0S9SD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"484587"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"484587"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H8N4O3S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Methazolamide"}]}}{"C142831":{"preferredName":"Methionine Aminopeptidase 2 Inhibitor M8891","code":"C142831","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary orally available inhibitor of methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2), which cleaves the amino-terminal methionine residue from nascent proteins, with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MetAP2 inhibitor M8891 inhibits MetAP2 aminopeptidase activity and impairs protein synthesis, which may lead to a decrease in endothelial cell proliferation. Decreased proliferation of endothelial cells results in reductions of both angiogenesis and the growth and spread of solid tumors that are dependent on new blood vessel formation. MetAP2, a metallopeptidase, is involved in promoting protein synthesis and endothelial cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"M8891","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MetAP2 Inhibitor M8891","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methionine Aminopeptidase 2 Inhibitor M8891","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methionine Aminopeptidase 2 Inhibitor M8891","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540704"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791701"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791701"}]}}{"C38129":{"preferredName":"Methionine Aminopeptidase 2 Inhibitor PPI-2458","code":"C38129","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic derivative of fumagillin with antineoplastic and cytotoxic properties. PPI-2458 irreversibly inhibits the enzyme methionine aminopeptidase type 2 (MetAP2), thereby preventing abnormal cell growth and angiogenesis. PPI-2458 is reported to have a better toxicity profile compared to other agents of its class. 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It is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antimetabolite and antifolate agent with antineoplastic and immunosuppressant activities. Methotrexate binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in inhibition of purine nucleotide and thymidylate synthesis and, subsequently, inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses. Methotrexate also exhibits potent immunosuppressant activity although the mechanism(s) of actions is unclear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Amino-10-methylfolic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Amino-4-deoxy-10-methylpteroyl-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abitrexate","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-Methopterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amethopterin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amethopterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Brimexate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL 14377","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"CL-14377","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emtexate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emthexat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emthexate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Farmitrexat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fauldexato","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Folex PFS","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lantarel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ledertrexate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lumexon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METHOTREXATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MTX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maxtrex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medsatrexate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methoblastin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methotrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Methotrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Methotrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Methotrexate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Methotrexate LPF","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate Methylaminopterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexatum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metotrexato","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metrotex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mexate","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mexate-AQ","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-[[(2,4-Diamino-6-pteridinyl)methyl]methylamino]benzoyl]-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Novatrex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rheumatrex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rheumatrex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Texate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tremetex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trexeron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trixilem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-19039","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"amethopterin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"methotrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"740"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025677"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"59-05-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Graft versus host disease-prophylaxis; Head/neck cancer; Hydatidiform mole; Leukemia; meningeal; Lymphomas; Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Burkitt's; Lung cancer; Mycosis fungoides; Osteosarcoma; Psoriasis; Rheumatoid arthritis; Wegener's granulomatosis"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Abortion; Bladder cancer; Breast cancer; Carcinomatous; meningitis; Chorioadenoma destruens; Crohn's disease; Ectopic pregnancy; Esophageal cancer; Gestational choriocarcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YL5FZ2Y5U1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41719"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41719"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H22N8O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Methotrexate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:44185"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Methotrexate"}]}}{"C1735":{"preferredName":"Methotrexate Sodium","code":"C1735","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of methotrexate, an antimetabolite with antineoplastic and immunomodulating properties. Methotrexate binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in inhibition of purine nucleotide and thymidylate synthesis and, subsequently, inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses. Methotrexate also exhibits potent immunosuppressant properties. 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After intratumoral injection, methotrexate binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in inhibition of purine nucleotide and thymidylate synthesis and, subsequently, inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses. Epinephrine, a potent vasoconstrictor, is added to the gel to enhance penetration of methotrexate into the tumor tissue and reduce dispersion to the surrounding tissues thereby enhancing the local concentration of methotrexate and increasing its anti-tumor activity. Intratumoral injection of methotrexate combined with epinephrine may potentially increase chemotherapeutic efficacy compared to systemic administration and reduce systemic toxicity and side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MTX-e TI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTX/epi gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate-E Therapeutic Implant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate-E Therapeutic Implant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate-epinephrine therapeutic implant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate/epi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281425"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41858"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41858"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Methotrexate-E_Therapeutic_Implant"}]}}{"C125656":{"preferredName":"Methotrexate-Encapsulating Autologous Tumor-Derived Microparticles","code":"C125656","definitions":[{"description":"A suspension of autologous tumor-derived microparticles (ATMP), that are harvested from a patient with malignant pleural effusion, encapsulating the antimetabolic drug methotrexate (MTX), with potential anticancer activity. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action through which this agent exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration of MTX-ATMP, the MTX moiety is released and internalized by tumor cells. It then binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. This results in the inhibition of purine nucleotide synthesis and leads to decreased synthesis of both DNA and RNA, which induces cell death. Presumably, the encapsulation of MTX by the ATMP improves its bioavailability and decreases its toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MTX-ATMP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methotrexate-Encapsulating Autologous Tumor-Derived Microparticles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504342"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778520"}]}}{"C643":{"preferredName":"Methoxsalen","code":"C643","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used together with UV light to treat psoriasis, vitiligo, and skin nodules of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. It is also being studied in the treatment of graft-versus-host disease. It belongs to the family of drugs called psoralens and furocoumarins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally occurring substance isolated from the seeds of the plant Ammi majus with photoactivating properties. As a member of the family of compounds known as psoralens or furocoumarins, methoxsalen's exact mechanism of action is unknown; upon photoactivation, methoxsalen has been observed to bind covalently to and crosslink DNA. 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Methoxyamine covalently binds to apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) DNA damage sites and inhibits base excision repair (BER), which may result in an increase in DNA strand breaks and apoptosis. This agent may potentiate the anti-tumor activity of alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"METHOXYAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Methoxyamine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methoxyamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC102 Base","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0066156"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"67-62-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9TZH4WY30J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599836"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599836"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"CH5NO"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Methoxyamine"}]}}{"C78085":{"preferredName":"Methoxyamine Hydrochloride","code":"C78085","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks the ability of a cell to repair damage to its DNA and may kill cancer cells. It may also help some anticancer drugs work better. It is a type of antineoplastic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of methoxyamine, an alkoxyamine with potential chemotherapeutic adjuvant activity. Methoxyamine covalently binds to apurinic/apyrimidinic DNA damage sites and thereby inhibits base excision repair (BER) process, which may prevent repair of DNA strand breaks and result in an induction of apoptosis. This agent may potentiate the anti-tumor activity of alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"METHOXYAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Methoxyamine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methoxyamine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRC-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"methoxyamine hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"3801"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0951345"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"593-56-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"203546OLMF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"CH5NO.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Methoxyamine_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C2647":{"preferredName":"Methyl-5-Aminolevulinate Hydrochloride Cream","code":"C2647","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used in photodynamic therapy; it is absorbed by tumor cells and, when exposed to light, becomes active and kills the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A topical cream formulation containing the hydrochloride salt of methyl-5-aminolevulinate, a lipophilic methyl ester of 5-aminolevulinic acid, with photosensitizer prodrug activity. Upon topical administration, methyl-5-aminolevulinate in the cream is selectively absorbed by tumor cells where it is converted to the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Upon photoirradiation, PpIX is activated and transfers energy to oxygen, generating singlet oxygen and superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, which may result in free-radical-mediated DNA damage and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Methyl Aminolevulinate Hydrochloride Cream","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl-5-Aminolevulinate Hydrochloride Cream","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methyl-5-Aminolevulinate Hydrochloride Cream","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metvix","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metvixia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"methyl-5-aminolevulinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713112"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38410"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38410"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Methyl-5-Aminolevulinate"}]}}{"C2352":{"preferredName":"Methylmercaptopurine Riboside","code":"C2352","definitions":[{"description":"A purine derivative with antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic properties. 6-methylmercaptopurine riboside (6-MMPR) inhibits amidophosphoribosyltransferase, the first committed step in de novo purine synthesis, and inhibits fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2)-induced cell proliferation. 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Methylprednisolone binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors, resulting in altered gene expression and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production. This agent also decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes, induces cell differentiation, and stimulates apoptosis in sensitive tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6alpha,11beta)-11,17,21-Trihydroxy-6-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6Alpha-Methylprednisolone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adlone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Caberdelta M","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DepMedalone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo Moderin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Nisolone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duralone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emmetipi","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esametone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Firmacort","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METHYLPREDNISOLONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Medlone 21","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Medrol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medrol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Medrol Veriderm","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medrone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mega-Star","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meprolone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolonum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metilbetasone Solubile","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metrocort","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metypresol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metysolon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predni-M-Tablinen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednilen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radilem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sieropresol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solpredone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Summicort","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urbason","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urbason","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Veriderm Medrol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wyacort","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wyacort","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"methylprednisolone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"19987"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025815"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83-43-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Adrenocortical insufficiency; Conditions requiring immunosuppression; Inflammatory conditions; Multiple Sclerosis; Nephrotic syndrome"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X4W7ZR7023"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41528"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41528"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H30O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Methylprednisolone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6888"}]}}{"C48003":{"preferredName":"Methylprednisolone Acetate","code":"C48003","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt of a synthetic glucocorticoid receptor agonist with immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory effects. Methylprednisolone acetate is converted into active prednisolone in the body, which activates glucocorticoid receptor mediated gene expression. This includes inducing synthesis of anti-inflammatory protein IkappaB-alpha and inhibiting synthesis of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). As a result, proinflammatory cytokine production such as IL-1, IL-2 and IL-6 is down-regulated and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activation is inhibited. Therefore, an overall reduction in chronic inflammation and autoimmune reactions may be achieved.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11beta,17,21-Trihydroxy-6alpha-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 21-Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Med","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Med","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Depo-Medrate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Medrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Depo-Medrol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Medrone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depo-Medrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"METHYLPREDNISOLONE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ReadySharp MethylPrednisolone 80","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"48985"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0600901"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53-36-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"43502P7F0P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41528"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41528"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H32O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Methylprednisolone_Acetate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6889"}]}}{"C48004":{"preferredName":"Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate","code":"C48004","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium succinate salt of a synthetic glucocorticoid receptor agonist with immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate is converted into active prednisolone in the body, which activates glucocorticoid receptor mediated gene expression. This includes inducing synthesis of anti-inflammatory protein IkappaB-alpha and inhibiting synthesis of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). As a result, proinflammatory cytokine production such as IL-1, IL-2 and IL-6 is down-regulated and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activation is inhibited. Therefore, an overall reduction in chronic inflammation and autoimmune reactions may be achieved.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A-MethaPred","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asmacortone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryosolona","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METHYLPREDNISOLONE SODIUM SUCCINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Medrate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metypred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednilem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solu Moderin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solu-Medrol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solu-Medrol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Solu-Medrone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solu-Medrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"48989"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700546"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2375-03-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LEC9GKY20K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H33O8.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Methylprednisolone_Sodium_Succinate"}]}}{"C63678":{"preferredName":"Methylselenocysteine","code":"C63678","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that contains the element selenium (a nutrient that protects cells against damage) and is found in certain plants such as garlic and broccoli. Se-methyl-seleno-L-cysteine can act as an antioxidant and may help prevent or slow the growth of cancer cells. It is a type of amino acid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally occurring organoselenium compound found in many plants, including garlic, onions, and broccoli, with potential antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Se-Methyl-seleno-L-cysteine (MSC) is an amino acid analogue of cysteine in which a methylselenium moiety replaces the sulphur atom of cysteine. This agent acts as an antioxidant when incorporated into glutathione peroxidase and has been shown to exhibit potent chemopreventive activity in animal models.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(Methylseleno)-l-alanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Se-Methylselenocysteine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METHYLSELENOCYSTEINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MSC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylselenocycteine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylselenocysteine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Methylselenocysteine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Se-Methyl-seleno-L-cysteine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Se-Methylselenocysteine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Se-methyl-seleno-L-cysteine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SeMSC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selenium-methylselenocystine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"l-Se-Methylselenocysteine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0074299"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"26046-90-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TWK220499Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"554706"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"554706"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Methylselenocysteine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27812"}]}}{"C648":{"preferredName":"Methyltestosterone","code":"C648","definitions":[{"description":"A methylated synthetic androgen receptor agonist with anabolic effects. Methyltestosterone, mimicking testosterone, binds to cytosolic androgen receptors, and the subsequent nuclear transfer of the ligand-receptor complex induces transcription initiation of androgen responsive genes. The gene products are responsible for normal growth and development of male sex organs and secondary sex characteristics. The agent also causes retention of nitrogen, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, as well as calcium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(17Beta)-17-hydroxy-17-methylandrost-4-en-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17 Alpha-methyl-delta4-androsten-17beta-ol-4-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Methyltestosterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"17-Methyltestosterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Android","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eldec","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ero Test","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estratest","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glosso-Sterandryl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glosso-Sterandryl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"METHYLTESTOSTERONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Malogen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Malogen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metandren","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metandren","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Methitest","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyltestosterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyltestosterone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Methyltestosteronum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neohombreol M","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orchisterone-M","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oreton Methyl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oreton methyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Testomet","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testotonic B","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testovis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testred","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Virilon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"9701"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025826"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58-18-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V9EFU16ZIF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H30O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Methyltestosterone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27436"}]}}{"C1161":{"preferredName":"Metoprine","code":"C1161","definitions":[{"description":"A diaminopyrimidine folate antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Metoprine inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in decreased cellular folate metabolism and cell growth; it also inhibits histamine-N-methyltransferase, resulting in decreased histamine catabolism. Lipid-soluble metoprine is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BW 197U","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BW 197U","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DDMP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METOPRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Metoprine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"19494"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"7364"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0066142"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7761-45-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2L9RKX796Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39206"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39206"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H10Cl2N4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Metoprine"}]}}{"C87686":{"preferredName":"Mibefradil","code":"C87686","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,2S)-(2-((3-(2-Benzimidazolyl)Propyl)Methylamino)Ethyl)-6-Fluoro-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-Isopropyl-2-Naphthyl Methoxyacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetic acid, methoxy-, 2-(2-((3-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)propyl)methylamino)ethyl)-6-fluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-(1-methylethyl)-2-naphthalenyl ester, (1S-cis)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIBEFRADIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mibefradil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0286185"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"116644-53-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"27B90X776A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H38FN3O3"}]}}{"C87687":{"preferredName":"Mibefradil Dihydrochloride","code":"C87687","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,2S)-(2-((3-(2-Benzimidazolyl)Propyl)Methylamino)Ethyl)-6-Fluoro-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-Isopropyl-2-Naphthyl Methoxyacetate, Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetic Acid, Methoxy-, 2-(2-((3-(1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl)Propyl)Methylamino)Ethyl)-6-Fluoro-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-(1-Methylethyl)-2-Naphthalenyl Ester, Dihydrochloride, (1S-cis)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIBEFRADIL DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mibefradil Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mibefradil Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 40-5967/001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0286186"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"116666-63-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"842TUP3PQ8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H38FN3O3.2HCl"}]}}{"C139003":{"preferredName":"Micellar Nanoparticle-encapsulated Epirubicin","code":"C139003","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based prodrug formulation consisting of polymeric micelles encapsulating the anthracycline epirubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Epirubicin is covalently bound to polyethylene glycol (PEG) polyaspartate block copolymers through an acid-labile hydrazone bond and, upon suspension in an aqueous solution, a micellar structure with an outer hydrophilic PEG shell surrounding the hydrophobic epirubicin is formed. Upon administration of the micellar nanoparticle-encapsulated epirubicin, the nanoparticles are stable in the bloodstream and specifically accumulate in the tumor tissue. Due to the acidic conditions in the tumor and the pH-responsive nature of the micelles, epirubicin is released in the tumor milieu; it then intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, which inhibits DNA replication and interferes with synthesis of both RNA and protein. Compared to the administration of epirubicin alone, this formulation increases the water-solubility of epirubicin and increases its therapeutic effect while decreasing its cardiotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epirubicin-incorporating Micelle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"K-912","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micellar Nanoparticle-encapsulated Epirubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Micellar Nanoparticle-encapsulated Epirubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC-6300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC-6300","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Epirubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2974723"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RQU6X0IM9R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790960"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790960"}]}}{"C156665":{"preferredName":"Micro Needle Array-Doxorubicin","code":"C156665","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation composed of dissolvable small, adhesive-like patches composed of a biocompatible material which is coated with the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon cutaneous administration of the microneedle-array-doxorubicin, the microneedles degrade once inserted into the skin and doxorubicin is released from the dissolvable microneedle array delivery device directly into the tumor microenvironment (TME). Doxorubicin is taken up by tumor cells and intercalates into DNA and interferes with topoisomerase II activity. This inhibits DNA replication and RNA synthesis, leading to tumor cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. This agent also interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. In addition, doxorubicin induces innate, adaptive, and tumor-specific effector and memory immune responses, thereby further killing the tumor cells. Delivery of doxorubicin using the microneedle array delivery system allows direct and specific administration of doxorubicin to the TME which may improve drug concentration into tumor cells and may reduce systemic toxicity, compared to the administration of systemic doxorubicin alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D-MNA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dissolvable Microneedles-containing Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-coated Patches","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-loaded Patches","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MNA-D","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MNA-D Patches","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MNA-Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micro Needle Array-Doxorubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Micro Needle Array-Doxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micro-needle Array Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microneedle Applicator-Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microneedle Array Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935685"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795832"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795832"}]}}{"C64631":{"preferredName":"Microparticle-encapsulated CYP1B1-encoding DNA Vaccine ZYC300","code":"C64631","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of a plasmid DNA encoding an inactivated form of the carcinogen activator cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) encapsulated in biodegradable poly-DL-lactide-coglycolide microparticles with potential antineoplastic activity. CYP1B1, an extrahepatic monooxygenase of the cytochrome P450 family, is overexpressed in many cancers with only restricted expression in normal tissues. Vaccination with ZYC300 may stimulate the immune system to elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against the tumor associated antigen CYP1B1, thereby causing lysis of tumor cells expressing CYP1B1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Microparticle-encapsulated CYP1B1-encoding DNA Vaccine ZYC300","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZYC300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831967"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513166"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513166"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ZYC300"}]}}{"C143158":{"preferredName":"Microtubule Inhibitor SCB01A","code":"C143158","definitions":[{"description":"An aroylindole derivative and tubulin polymerization inhibitor, with potential tubulin-inhibiting, vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tubulin polymerization inhibitor SCB01A binds at the colchicine binding site of tubulin and prevents its polymerization in tumor blood vessel endothelial cells and in tumor cells. This blocks the formation of the mitotic spindle and leads to both cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and tumor cell apoptosis. Also, this agent's effect on the tumor blood vessel endothelial cells leads to a disruption of the tumor vasculature and tumor blood flow, which deprives tumor cells of nutrients and induces tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Methoxy-3-(3',4',5'-trimethoxybenzoyl) Indole","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPR 0L075","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DBPR104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microtubule Inhibitor SCB01A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCB 01A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCB-01A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCB01A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541607"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791849"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791849"}]}}{"C1872":{"preferredName":"Midostaurin","code":"C1872","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of leukemia. It belongs to the family of drugs called protein kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic indolocarbazole multikinase inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Midostaurin inhibits protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), c-kit, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) tyrosine kinases, which may result in disruption of the cell cycle, inhibition of proliferation, apoptosis, and inhibition of angiogenesis in susceptible tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGP 41251","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"CGP41251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIDOSTAURIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Midostaurin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Midostaurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Midostaurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"N-Benzoyl-Staurosporine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Benzoylstaurosporine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-benzoyl-staurosporine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PKC-412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKC412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKC412","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Rydapt","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"midostaurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0526371"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"120685-11-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who are FLT3 mutation-positive (FLT3+)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ID912S5VON"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462346"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462346"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C35H30N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Midostaurin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63452"}]}}{"C1394":{"preferredName":"Mifamurtide","code":"C1394","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment of young adults with bone cancer that has gotten worse or come back. L-MTP-PE activates certain types of white blood cells and helps the immune system kill cancer cells. It is a type of immunostimulant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A liposomal formulation containing a muramyl dipeptide (MDP) analogue with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE), a derivative of the mycobacterial cell wall component MDP, activates both monocytes and macrophages. Activated macrophages secrete cytokines and induce the recruitment and activation of other immune cells, which may result in indirect tumoricidal effects. Liposomal encapsulation of MTP-PE prolongs its half-life and enhances tissue targeting.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGP 19835A Lipid","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junovan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Alaninamide, N-(N-acetylmuramoyl)-L-alanyl-D-alpha-glutaminyl-N-((7R)-4-hydroxy-4-oxido-10-oxo-7-((1-oxohexadecyl)oxy)-3,5,9-trioxa-4-phosphapentacos-1-yl)-, Monosodium Salt, Hydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-MTP-PE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-MTP-PE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MEPACT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MIFAMURTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MTP-PE Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mepact","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mifamurtide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mifamurtide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muramyl Tripeptide Phosphatidylethanolamine Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MuramylNAc-Ala-isoGln-Lys-tripeptide-PE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mifamurtide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"628280"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0129341"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"838853-48-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1LM890Q4FY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41541"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41541"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C59H108N6O19P.Na.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Muramyl_Tripeptide_Phosphatidylethanolamine"}]}}{"C655":{"preferredName":"Mifepristone","code":"C655","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to end early pregnancies. It is also being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer and other conditions. Mifepristone blocks the action of progesterone, a hormone that helps some cancers grow. It is a type of antiprogesterone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A derivative of the synthetic progestin norethindrone with antiprogesterone activity. Mifepristone competitively binds to the progesterone receptor, resulting in inhibition of the effects of endogenous or exogenous progesterone. This agent also exhibits antiglucocorticoid and weak antiandrogenic activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(aa Beta, 17 beta)-11-[4-(dimethylamino)-phenyl]-17-hydroxy-17-(1-propynyl)estra-4,9-dien-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"11 Beta-[4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-17alpha-(propyl-1-ynyl)-delta-4,9-estradiene-17 beta-ol-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"11-((4-dimethylamino) phenyl)-17-Hydroxy-17-(1-propynyl) Estra-4,9- dien-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Korlym","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIFEPRISTONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mifegyne","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mifeprex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mifeprex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Mifepristone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mifepristone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mifepristone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"RU 486","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RU 486","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RU-38486","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RU-486","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mifepristone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"652104"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026088"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"84371-65-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"320T6RNW1F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40888"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40888"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H35NO2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mifepristone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50692"}]}}{"C107384":{"preferredName":"Milademetan Tosylate","code":"C107384","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate form of milademetan, an orally available MDM2 (murine double minute 2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, milademetan binds to, and prevents the binding of MDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This results in the restoration of p53 signaling and leads to the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is overexpressed in cancer cells; it has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS-3032 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-3032b","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-3032b Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MILADEMETAN TOSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Milademetan Tosylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Milademetan Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL449595"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6M27443B0N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750863"}]}}{"C66983":{"preferredName":"Milatuzumab","code":"C66983","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of multiple myeloma and several other types of cancer. It binds to CD74, a protein on the surface of myeloma cells and certain other types of cells. It may help kill cancer cells. hLL1 is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human CD74 with potential antineoplastic activity. Milatuzumab specifically binds to CD74 on CD74-positive cells. Although the exact mechanism through which this agent induces apoptosis is unknown, it may involve antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) or complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC). Alternatively, as CD74 is the cellular receptor for the cytokine migration-inhibitory factor (MIF), the cytotoxicity of this agent may be related to inhibition of CD74 activation by MIF. CD74, an integral membrane protein that functions as an MHC class II chaperone, may also be an accessory-signaling molecule; activation of CD74 may initiate cell survival mechanisms involving induction of a signaling cascade resulting in NFkB activation, entry of stimulated cells into the S phase of the cell cycle, elevation of DNA synthesis, cell division, and augmented expression of Bcl-xL.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Humanized Anti-CD74 Monoclonal Antibody hLL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMMU-115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MILATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Milatuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Milatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody hLL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hLL1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hLL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"milatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2716103"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"899796-83-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2OP4E0GC6V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"534127"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"534127"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_hLL1"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Milatuzumab"}]}}{"C91086":{"preferredName":"Milatuzumab-Doxorubicin Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMMU-110","code":"C91086","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of multiple myeloma and several other types of cancer. It binds to CD74, a protein on the surface of myeloma cells and certain other types of cells. It may help kill cancer cells. IMMU-110 is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of milatuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against CD74, conjugated to the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. The milatuzumab moiety of this ADC selectively binds to CD74 on tumor cell surfaces; upon internalization, the doxorubicin moiety is released, where it intercalates between base pairs in the DNA helix and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby preventing DNA replication and increasing double-strand breakage. As a result, this agent may inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells that overexpress CD74. CD74, an integral membrane protein and tumor associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in certain cancer cells and promotes survival in rapidly proliferating tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMMU-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMMU-110","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Milatuzumab-Doxorubicin Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMMU-110","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Milatuzumab-Doxorubicin Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMMU-110","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hLL1-DOX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1615035"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671813"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671813"}]}}{"C88312":{"preferredName":"Milciclib Maleate","code":"C88312","definitions":[{"description":"The maleate salt form of milciclib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TRKA), with potential antineoplastic activity. CDK2/TRKA inhibitor PHA-848125 AC potently inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) and exhibits activity against other CDKs including CDK1 and CDK4, in addition to TRKA. Inhibition of these kinases may result in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of tumor cells that express these kinases. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases involved in regulation of the cell cycle and may be overexpressed in some cancer cell types. The neurotrophin receptor TRKA is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Pyrazolo(4,3-H)quinazoline-3-carboxamide, 4,5-dihydro-N,1,4,4-tetramethyl-8-((4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)phenyl)amino)-, (2Z)-2-Butenedioate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MILCICLIB MALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Milciclib Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,1,4,4-Tetramethyl-8-[[4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl]amino]-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-h]quinazoline-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHA-848125 AC","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2934615"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1253645-38-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"82W826FL6S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660138"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660138"}]}}{"C29261":{"preferredName":"Milk Thistle","code":"C29261","definitions":[{"description":"A plant that has been used in some cultures to treat certain medical problems, including stomach, liver, and gallbladder disorders. The active extract of milk thistle seeds is called silymarin. It is being studied in the prevention of liver damage caused by some cancer treatments.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A substance derived from any of several Old World coarse prickly-leaved shrubs and subshrubs including the plant Silybum marianum. Milk thistle's active chemical component is silymarin, which is a combination of flavonoids such as silibinin, dehydrosilibinin, silychristin and silydianin. These compounds are antioxidants and may alter the membrane structure of the liver cell, thereby blocking the absorption of toxins; they may also stimulate the production of new liver cells. In addition, milk thistle may increase cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, exhibiting dose-dependent cardiac myocyte cytoprotection against doxorubicin. The silibinin component of milk thistle has been shown to inhibit growth factor receptor-mediated mitogenic and cell survival signaling, thereby inhibiting tumor growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MILK THISTLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Milk Thistle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"milk thistle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0937640"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U946SH95EE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459958"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459958"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Milk_Thistle"}]}}{"C1170":{"preferredName":"Miltefosine","code":"C1170","definitions":[{"description":"An orally- and topically-active alkyl-phosphocholine compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Miltefosine targets cellular membranes, modulating cell membrane permeability, membrane lipid composition, phospholipid metabolism, and mitogenic signal transduction, resulting in cell differentiation and inhibition of cell growth. This agent also inhibits the anti-apoptotic mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and modulates the balance between the MAPK and pro-apoptotic stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK/JNK) pathways, thereby inducing apoptosis. As an immunomodulator, miltefosine stimulates T-cells, macrophages and the expression of interleukin 3 (IL-3), granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interferon gamma (INF-gamma). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[[(Hexadecycloxy)hydroxyphosphinyl]oxy]-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium Inner Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choline Phosphate Hexadecyl Ester, Hydroxide, Inner Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-18506","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexadecyl 2-(N,N,N-trimethylamino)ethyl Phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexadecylphosphocholine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Hexadecylphosphocholine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MILTEFOSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Miltefosin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Miltefosina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Miltefosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Miltefosinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Miltex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"n-Hexadecylphosphorylcholine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0068006"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58066-85-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Skin metastasis of breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"53EY29W7EC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41212"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41212"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H46NO4P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Miltefosine"}]}}{"C2567":{"preferredName":"Minretumomab","code":"C2567","definitions":[{"description":"A type of monoclonal antibody used in cancer detection or therapy. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A second-generation murine monoclonal antibody based on the antibody B72.3 that is directed against tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG72). TAG72 is expressed by gastric, breast, pancreatic, colorectal, and ovarian carcinoma cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibody CC49, Monoclonal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-49","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CC-49 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAb CC49","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MINRETUMOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MOAB CC-49/TAG72 (DW)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Minretumomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb CC49","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody CC-49","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody CC49","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"620537"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281345"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"195189-17-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"235435CH6L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41760"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41760"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_CC49"}]}}{"C90554":{"preferredName":"Mipsagargin","code":"C90554","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble, thapsigargin prodrug containing the cytotoxic analog of thapsigargin, 8-O-(12Aminododecanoyl)-8-O debutanoylthapsigargin (12-ADT) linked, via a carboxyl group, to the targeting peptide containing aspartic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, mipsagargin targets prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a type II membrane carboxypeptidase, which is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells and in the neovasculature of most solid tumors but not in normal blood vessels. Mipsagargin is subsequently converted, through hydrolysis, into the active cytotoxic analog of thapsigargin 12-ADT-Asp. 12-ADT binds to and blocks the Sarcoplasmic/Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase (SERCA) pump, thereby increasing the concentration of cytosolic calcium which leads to an induction of apoptosis. By preventing nutrient supply to tumor cells, G-202 may be able to inhibit tumor growth. Compared to thapsigargin alone, thapsigargin prodrug G-202 is able to achieve higher concentrations of the active agents at the tumor site while avoiding systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"G-202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIPSAGARGIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mipsagargin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mipsagargin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416238"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1245732-48-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q032I35QMX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666090"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666090"}]}}{"C90633":{"preferredName":"Mirabegron","code":"C90633","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable agonist of the human beta-3 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3), with muscle relaxing, neuroprotective and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, mirabegron binds to and activates ADRB3, which leads to smooth muscle relaxation. Mirabegron also restores sympathetic stimulation in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) niches, inhibits JAK2-mutated hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) expansion and blocks the progression of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Lack of sympathetic stimulation of the MSC and HSC niche is associated with the development of MPNs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-N-[4-(2-{[(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl]amino}ethyl)phenyl] Acetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Thiazoleacetamide, 2-Amino-N-(4-(2-(((2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)amino)ethyl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Betanis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIRABEGRON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mirabegron","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myrbetriq","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM-178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983812"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"223673-61-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Overactive bladder with symptoms of urge incontinence"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MVR3JL3B2V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767328"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H24N4O2S"}]}}{"C102566":{"preferredName":"Mirvetuximab Soravtansine","code":"C102566","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody M9346A against folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) conjugated, via the disulfide-containing cleavable linker sulfo-SPDB, to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4, with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-FOLR1 monoclonal antibody moiety of mirvetuximab soravtansine targets and binds to the cell surface antigen FOLR1. After antibody-antigen interaction and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases DM4, which binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, thereby inhibiting cell division and cell growth of FOLR1-expressing tumor cells. FOLR1, a member of the folate receptor family is overexpressed on a variety of epithelial-derived cancer cells. The sulfo-SPDB linker prevents cleavage in the bloodstream and may improve this agent's efficacy in multidrug resistant tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMGN853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M9346A-sulfo-SPDB-DM4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIRVETUXIMAB SORAVTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mirvetuximab Soravtansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mirvetuximab Soravtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640818"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1453084-37-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"98DE7VN88D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734941"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734941"}]}}{"C657":{"preferredName":"Misonidazole","code":"C657","definitions":[{"description":"A nitroimidazole with radiosensitizing and antineoplastic properties. Exhibiting high electron affinity, misonidazole induces the formation of free radicals and depletes radioprotective thiols, thereby sensitizing hypoxic cells to the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation. This single-strand breaks in DNA induced by this agent result in the inhibition of DNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(alpha-methoxymethyl ethanol)-2-Nitroimidazole","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MISONIDAZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Misonidazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7-0582","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ro-07-0582","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro-7-0582","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"261037"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026218"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"13551-87-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8FE7LTN8XE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39504"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39504"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H11N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Misonidazole"}]}}{"C29195":{"preferredName":"Mitindomide","code":"C29195","definitions":[{"description":"A bisdioxopiperazines analog with antineoplastic activity. Mitinomide inhibits topoisomerase II and slowly promotes DNA-interstrand cross-linking, thereby inhibiting DNA repair, RNA and protein synthesis. This agent acts without increasing topoisomerase II-DNA covalent cleavable complex formation, as do most topoisomerase inhibitors. 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Mitobronitol most likely acts through alkylation via derived epoxide groups.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,6-Dibromo-1,6-dideoxy-D-mannitol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DBM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dibromomannitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dibromomannitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MITOBRONITOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitobronitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitobronitol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Myelobromol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelobromol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"94100"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026236"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"488-41-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5UP30YED7N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H12Br2O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mitobronitol"}]}}{"C111758":{"preferredName":"Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor ATR-101","code":"C111758","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ATR-101 inhibits the activity of F1F0-ATP synthase, elevates the mitochondrial membrane potential and depletes ATP in adrenocortical cells. The mitochondrial dysfunction caused by the release of reactive oxygen and triggered cytochrome c release leads to caspase-mediated cell death. ATR-101 may be useful in treating certain types of adrenocortical carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor ATR-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor ATR-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454145"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753012"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753012"}]}}{"C66164":{"preferredName":"Mitoclomine","code":"C66164","definitions":[{"description":"An aromatic nitrogen mustard derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Mitoclomine alkylates DNA and appears to concentrate primarily in the spleen and thymus where it causes lymphocyte depletion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MITOCLOMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitoclomine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)4-amino-2-methyl-1-methoxy-naphthalene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"114575"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0066605"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"17692-54-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"02DQX562CR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H19Cl2NO"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mitoclomine"}]}}{"C1101":{"preferredName":"Mitoflaxone","code":"C1101","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic flavonoid with vascular targeting properties. Flavone acetic acid exhibits an antiproliferative effect on endothelial cells as a result of a superoxide-dependent mechanism, which induces changes in permeability of the vasculature of the tumor. This agent may stimulate tumor necrosis and promote shunting of blood flow to viable regions of the tumor, increasing their oxygenation and rendering them more susceptible to the antitumor effects of hyperthermia and ionizing radiation. 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Mitoguazone competitively inhibits S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (SAMD), an enzyme involved in the synthesis of polyamines, resulting in decreased proliferation of tumor cells, antimitochondrial effects, and p53-independent apoptosis. Polyamines, specifically spermine and spermidine, are essential for thymidine kinase production, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation. 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It blocks the growth of cells and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of polyamine synthesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a guanylhydrazone with potential antineoplastic activity. Mitoguazone competitively inhibits S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (SAMD), an enzyme involved in the synthesis of polyamines, resulting in decreased proliferation of tumor cells, antimitochondrial effects, and p53-independent apoptosis. Polyamines, specifically spermine and spermidine, are essential for thymidine kinase production, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1'-((Methylethanediylidene)Dinitrilo)Diguanidine Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,2'-(1-Methyl-1,2-Ethanediylidene)Bis(Hydrazinecarboximidamide) Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGBG 2HCl","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MITOGUAZONE DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Methylglyoxal Bis(amidinohydrazone) Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitoguazone Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyruvaldehyde Bis(amidinohydrazone) Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mitoguazone dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"32946"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771772"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7059-23-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NNI098FX5Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H12N8.2HCl"}]}}{"C662":{"preferredName":"Mitolactol","code":"C662","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of hexitol with antineoplastic and radiosensitizing properties. Mitolactol alkylates DNA via actual or derived epoxide groups, resulting in inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. 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Bioreduced mitomycin C generates oxygen radicals, alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Preferentially toxic to hypoxic cells, mitomycin C also inhibits RNA and protein synthesis at high concentrations. 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Bioreduced mitomycin A generates oxygen radicals, alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Mitomycin A is more toxic than mitomycin C due to increased and nonselective DNA cross-linking in both aerobic and hypoxic cells. 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Bioreduced mitomycin B generates oxygen radicals, alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Azirino(2',3':3,4)pyrrolo(1,2-a)indole-4,7-dione, 1,1a,2,8,8a,8b-hexahydro-8a-hydroxy-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-1,5-dimethyl-, 8-carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MITOMYCIN B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitomycin B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitomycin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"75987"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0128596"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4055-40-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VT1IGL3D7V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H19N3O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mitomycin_B"}]}}{"C1140":{"preferredName":"Mitomycin C Analog KW-2149","code":"C1140","definitions":[{"description":"A semisynthetic water-soluble disulfide derivative of the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C. Activated by serum and glutathione, KW-2149 causes interstrand DNA cross-links and DNA-protein cross-links, resulting in single-strand DNA breaks and inhibition of DNA synthesis. 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Upon oral administration, T-1101 inhibits mitosis, through an as of yet not elucidated mechanism of action, which leads to decreased tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mitosis Inhibitor T 1101 Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T 1101 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1101 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553272"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793127"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793127"}]}}{"C664":{"preferredName":"Mitotane","code":"C664","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug used in treating adrenocortical cancer and ACTH-producing pituitary tumors (Cushing's disease).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of the insecticide dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) with anti-adrenocorticoid properties. Following its metabolism in the adrenal cortex to a reactive acyl chloride intermediate, mitotane covalently binds to adrenal proteins, specifically inhibiting adrenal cortical hormone production. 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The mechanism of action through which mitotenamine exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MITOTENAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitotenamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881869"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7696-00-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2879S26V4P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H15BrClNS"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mitotenamine"}]}}{"C62050":{"preferredName":"Mitoxantrone","code":"C62050","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced prostate cancer that does not respond to hormones, adult acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, and advanced or chronic multiple sclerosis. It is also being studied in the treatment of other cancers. It belongs to the family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An anthracenedione antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Mitoxantrone intercalates into and crosslinks DNA, thereby disrupting DNA and RNA replication. This agent also binds to topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA strand breaks and inhibition of DNA repair. Mitoxantrone is less cardiotoxic compared to doxorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3-Dihydroxy-5,8-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]-9, 10-anthracenedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4-Dihydroxy-5,8-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]-9, 10-anthroquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydroxyanthracenedione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MITOXANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Mitozantrone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mitoxantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"279836"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026259"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"65271-80-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BZ114NVM5P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H28N4O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mitoxantrone_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50729"}]}}{"C665":{"preferredName":"Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride","code":"C665","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced prostate cancer that does not respond to hormones, adult acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, and advanced or chronic multiple sclerosis. It is also being studied in the treatment of other cancers. It belongs to the family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an anthracenedione antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Mitoxantrone intercalates into and crosslinks DNA, thereby disrupting DNA and RNA replication. This agent also binds to topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA strand breaks and inhibition of DNA repair. Mitoxantrone is less cardiotoxic compared to doxorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3-Dihydroxy-5,8-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]-9, 10-anthracenedione Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4-Dihydroxy-5,8-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]-9, 10-anthroquinone Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL 232315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHAD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHAD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DHAQ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHAQ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dihydroxyanthracenedione Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MITOXANTRONE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitoxantroni Hydrochloridum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitozantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitroxone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neotalem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Novantrone","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Novantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Onkotrone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pralifan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"301739"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700458"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"70476-82-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute Leukemia; Breast cancer; Non Hodgkins Lymphoma; Multiple sclerosis; Prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U6USW86RD0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39219"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39219"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H28N4O6.2HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mitoxantrone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50727"}]}}{"C1166":{"preferredName":"Mitozolomide","code":"C1166","definitions":[{"description":"A prodrug of imidazotetrazine alkylating agent with antineoplastic property. Mitozolomide undergoes ring opening upon the nucleophilic attack at C-4 by an activated molecule of water within the major groove of DNA. The resulting bioactive mono-alkyltriazene species are capable of alkylating nucleophilic residues in the immediate vicinity such as N-7 and/or O-6 sites of guanine, thereby causes intra- or inter-stranded DNA cross-links and trigger apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Azolastone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azolastone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3-(2-chloroethyl)-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MITOZOLOMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mitozolomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitozolomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3-(2-chloroethyl)-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"353451"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0066618"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"85622-95-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E3U7286V3W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40221"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40221"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H7ClN6O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mitozolomide"}]}}{"C113162":{"preferredName":"Mivavotinib","code":"C113162","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (syk), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, and antineoplastic activities. Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor mivavotinib may inhibit the activity of syk, which abrogates downstream B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling and leads to an inhibition of B-cell activation, chemotaxis, adhesion and proliferation. Syk, a BCR-associated non-receptor tyrosine kinase that mediates diverse cellular responses, including proliferation, differentiation, and phagocytosis, is expressed in hematopoietic tissues and is often overexpressed in hematopoietic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3H-Pyrrolo(3,4-C)pyridin-3-one, 6-(((1R,2S)-2-aminocyclohexyl)amino)-7-fluoro-1,2-dihydro-4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIVAVOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mivavotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-659","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TAK659","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-659","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK659","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"syk Inhibitor TAK-659","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"syk Inhibitor TAK659","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"syk-Inhibitor TAK-659","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"syk-Inhibitor TAK659","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL455236"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1312691-33-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8QR88H79VX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755930"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755930"}]}}{"C121829":{"preferredName":"Mivebresib","code":"C121829","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, mivebresib binds to the acetyl-lysine binding site of BRD-containing protein(s), thereby preventing the interaction between those proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling, prevents the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, and leads to an inhibition of cell growth in susceptible tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV-075","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethanesulfonamide, N-(4-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)-3-(6,7-dihydro-6-methyl-7-oxo-1H-pyrrolo(2,3-C)pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIVEBRESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mivebresib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mivebresib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053689"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1445993-26-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VR86R11J7J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"773809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"773809"}]}}{"C87698":{"preferredName":"Mivobulin","code":"C87698","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, colchicine analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Mivobulin targets and binds to colchicine-binding site on tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule polymerization, the assembly of the mitotic spindle and mitosis. This eventually results in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and a reduction in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carbamic Acid, (5-Amino-1,2-Dihydro-2-Methyl-3-Phenylpyrido(3,4-B)Pyrazin-7-Yl) Ethyl Ester, (S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethyl (S)-5-Amino-1,2-Dihydro-2-Methyl-3-Phenylpyrido(3,4-B)Pyrazine-7-Carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIVOBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mivobulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981335"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"122332-18-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"96U5LG549X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H19N5O2"}]}}{"C1357":{"preferredName":"Mivobulin Isethionate","code":"C1357","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The isethionate salt of mivobulin, a synthetic colchicine analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Mivobulin isethionate binds to tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule polymerization and mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CI 980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-980","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CI980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIVOBULIN ISETHIONATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mivobulin Isethionate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mivobulin isethionate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"635370"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0109740"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"126268-81-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8J08028R66"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41656"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41656"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H19N5O2.C2H6O4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mivobulin_Isethionate"}]}}{"C74063":{"preferredName":"Mixed Bacteria Vaccine","code":"C74063","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing a mixture of killed bacteria with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Mixed bacteria vaccine (MBV or Coley's toxins) consists of a pyrogenic bacterial lysate derived from Serratia marcescens and Streptococcus pyogenes; the active components in the lysate may be lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the Gram-negative bacterial cell wall of Serratia, and streptokinase, an enzyme produced by Streptococcus pyogenes. LPS has been shown to stimulate the host humoral immune response and induce the release of various antitumor cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-12 (IL-12).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Coley's Toxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBV","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Bacteria Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383537"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590146"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590146"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Bacteria_Vaccine"}]}}{"C49174":{"preferredName":"MK0731","code":"C49174","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. MK0731 selectively inhibits kinesin spindle protein (KSP), which may result in the inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest during the mitotic phase, and apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress KSP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MK-0731","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MK0731","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708823"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8HIJ5G3O02"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"446551"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"446551"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MK0731"}]}}{"C2507":{"preferredName":"MKC-1","code":"C2507","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may prevent cancer cells from dividing. It belongs to the family of drugs called cell cycle inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, bisindolylmaleimide cell cycle inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MKC-1 and its metabolites inhibit tubulin polymerization, blocking the formation of the mitotic spindle, which may result in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. In addition, this agent has been shown to inhibit the activities of the oncogenic kinase Akt, the mTOR pathway, and importin-beta, a protein essential to the transport of other proteins from the cytosol into the nucleus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MKC-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MKC-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MKC-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MKC-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R440","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 31-7453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 31-7453","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796487"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"125313-92-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DNZ11VPY7Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486351"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486351"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H16N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ro_31-7453"}]}}{"C121956":{"preferredName":"MKNK1 Inhibitor BAY 1143269","code":"C121956","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (MKNK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MKNK1 inhibitor BAY 1143269 binds to MKNK1, thereby preventing its activation and the downstream MKNK1-mediated phosphorylation and activation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). As eIF4E enhances the synthesis of oncogenic proteins, preventing eIF4E activity inhibits the synthesis of tumor angiogenic factors and leads to both the inhibition of cellular proliferation and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. eIF4E, overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 1143269","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MKNK1 Inhibitor BAY 1143269","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MKNK1 Inhibitor BAY 1143269","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053671"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772160"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772160"}]}}{"C2671":{"preferredName":"MMP Inhibitor S-3304","code":"C2671","definitions":[{"description":"An orally-agent agent with potential antineoplastic activity. S-3304 inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MMP Inhibitor S-3304","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-3304","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-3304","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"S3304","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134613"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"203640-27-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BK459F050X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38596"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38596"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"S-3304"}]}}{"C153262":{"preferredName":"MNK1/2 Inhibitor ETC-1907206","code":"C153262","definitions":[{"description":"A selective mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-interacting protein kinase (MNK) types 1/2 inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MNK1/2 inhibitor ETC-1907206 may inhibit MNK1/2-dependent phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and interfere with its role in mRNA translation. eIF4E is an oncoprotein that must be phosphorylated before it can promote the proliferation and progression of tumor cells. MNKs are a family of serine/threonine kinases that have been implicated in oncogenic transformation and tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETC 1907206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETC 206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETC-1907206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETC-206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETC1907206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETC206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MNK1/2 Inhibitor ETC-1907206","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MNK1/2 Inhibitor ETC-1907206","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554490"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794054"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794054"}]}}{"C62521":{"preferredName":"Mocetinostat","code":"C62521","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It blocks enzymes needed for cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rationally designed, orally available, Class 1-selective, small molecule, 2-aminobenzamide HDAC inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Mocetinostat binds to and inhibits Class 1 isoforms of HDAC, specifically HDAC 1, 2 and 3, which may result in epigenetic changes in tumor cells and so tumor cell death; although the exact mechanism has yet to be defined, tumor cell death may occur through the induction of apoptosis, differentiation, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of DNA repair, upregulation of tumor suppressors, down regulation of growth factors, oxidative stress, and autophagy, among others. Overexpression of Class I HDACs 1, 2 and 3 has been found in many tumors and has been correlated with a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzamide, N-(2-aminophenyl)-4-[[[4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]methyl]-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MG-0103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGCD0103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGCD0103","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MOCETINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mocetinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mocetinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-aminophenyl)-4-((4-pyridin-3-ylpyrimidin-2-ylamino)methyl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mocetinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2002471"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"726169-73-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A6GWB8T96J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486941"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486941"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H20N6O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MGCD0103"}]}}{"C131824":{"preferredName":"Modified Vitamin D Binding Protein Macrophage Activator EF-022","code":"C131824","definitions":[{"description":"A modified version of vitamin D binding protein (VDBP; Gc protein) macrophage activator, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, modified VDBP-macrophage activator EF-022, acting in a similar manner as VDBP-macrophage activating factor (GcMAF), is able to activate tumoricidal macrophages, thereby enhancing the killing and eradication of cancer cells. In addition, EF-022 may inhibit tumor cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. VDBP is a glycoprotein and precursor for macrophage activating factor (MAF), which promotes macrophage activation; however VDBP can be deglycosylated by serum alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase, which is secreted from cancerous cells, and cannot be converted to MAF. Thus, the macrophage activation cascade is often impaired in tumor cells and plays a key role in tumor immunosuppression. Modification of VDBP stabilizes MAF.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EF-022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVDP-Macrophage Activator","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified VDBP-Macrophage Activator EF-022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Vitamin D Binding Protein Macrophage Activator EF-022","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514564"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786093"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786093"}]}}{"C152075":{"preferredName":"Modotuximab","code":"C152075","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, modotuximab targets and binds to an epitope located in the extracellular domain (ECD) of EGFR, which causes internalization and degradation of EGFR, including the mutated EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII). This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, thereby inhibiting EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is often overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1024 DS","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1024-DS","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(human epidermal growth factor receptor extracellular domain III) (human-mus musculus monoclonal 1024 DS heavy chain), Disulfide with human-mus musculus monoclonal 1024 DS light chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MODOTUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Modotuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Modotuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zatuximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553284"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1310460-86-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1W7BD1M08N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793840"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793840"}]}}{"C148280":{"preferredName":"MOF Compound RiMO-301","code":"C148280","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based metal-organic framework (MOF) compound composed of proprietary X-ray-absorbing metals, with potential radiosensitizing properties. Upon intratumoral administration and subsequent irradiation of the tumor site, RiMO-301 absorbs the X-ray photons and produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen, which induces ROS-mediated DNA damage in the irradiated cancer cells leading to tumor cell lysis. In addition, RiMO-301 may also contain an as of yet unidentified immunomodulating agent loaded into the channels/pores of the construct that may induce an immune response against the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) released by the lysed tumor cells, thereby locally killing additional tumor and non-tumor cells. MOFs, porous crystalline materials composed of metal clusters and organic linkers, generate ROS at much lower X-ray dosages than used in standard radiotherapy, which results in reduced radiation exposure and X-ray damage to normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOF Compound RiMO-301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MOF Compound RiMO-301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RiMO-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550908"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795715"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795715"}]}}{"C63667":{"preferredName":"Mofarotene","code":"C63667","definitions":[{"description":"An arotinoic acid derivative with a morpholine structure in the polar end group with differentiation inducing and antineoplastic activity. Like other retinoic acid agents, mofarotene binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells. In addition, this agent is able to inhibit melanoma cell motility.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-4-[2-[4-[2-(5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl]phenoxy]ethyl]morpholine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOFAROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mofarontene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mofarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Mofarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 40-8757","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0247161"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"125533-88-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8K3CVY8F8V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H39NO2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mofarotene"}]}}{"C62510":{"preferredName":"Mogamulizumab","code":"C62510","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against C-C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Mogamulizumab selectively binds to and blocks the activity of CCR4, which may inhibit CCR4-mediated signal transduction pathways and, so, chemokine-mediated cellular migration and proliferation of T cells, and chemokine-mediated angiogenesis. In addition, this agent may induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CCR4-positive T cells. CCR4, a G-coupled-protein receptor for C-C chemokines such MIP-1, RANTES, TARC and MCP-1, is expressed on the surfaces of some types of T cells, endothelial cells, and some types of neurons. CCR4, also known as CD194, may be overexpressed on adult T-cell lymphoma (ATL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(CC Chemokine Receptor CCR4) (Human-Mouse Monoclonal KW-0761 Heavy Chain), Disulfide With Human-Mouse Monoclonal KW-0761 Kappa-Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KM8761","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW-0761","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOGAMULIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mogamulizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mogamulizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mogamulizumab-kpkc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poteligeo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987603"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1159266-37-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory mycosis fungoides (MF) or Sézary syndrome (SS)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YI437801BE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500479"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500479"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"KW-0761"}]}}{"C101538":{"preferredName":"Molibresib","code":"C101538","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the BET (Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal) family of bromodomain-containing proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, molibresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histone peptides. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of bromodomain at the N-terminus, BET proteins, comprising of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK-525762A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK525762","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I-BET 762","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOLIBRESIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Molibresib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Molibresib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2975231"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5QIO6SRZ2R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733799"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733799"}]}}{"C159943":{"preferredName":"Molibresib Besylate","code":"C159943","definitions":[{"description":"The besylate salt of molibresib, a small molecule inhibitor of the BET (Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal) family of bromodomain-containing proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, molibresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histone peptides. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Characterized by a tandem repeat of bromodomain at the N-terminus, BET proteins, comprising of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators that play an important role during development and cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-((4S)-6-(4-Chlorophenyl)-8-methoxy-1-methyl-4H-(1,2,4)triazolo(4,3-a)(1,4)benzodiazepin-4-yl)-N-ethylacetamide monobenzenesulfonate salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK525762C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOLIBRESIB BESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Molibresib Besylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Molibresib Besylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969105"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1895049-20-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K04D7I4BCH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801626"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801626"}]}}{"C88311":{"preferredName":"Momelotinib","code":"C88311","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of Janus kinases 1 and 2 (JAK1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. JAK1/2 inhibitor CYT387 competes with JAK1/2 for ATP binding, which may result in inhibition of JAK1/2 activation, inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and so the induction of apoptosis and a reduction of tumor cell proliferation in JAK1/2-expressing tumor cells. JAK2 is the most common mutated gene in bcr-abl-negative myeloproliferative disorders; the JAK2V617F gain-of-function mutation involves a valine-to-phenylalanine modification at position 617. The JAK-STAT signaling pathway is a major mediator of cytokine activity and is often dysregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYT387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-0387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOMELOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Momelotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Momelotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(Cyanomethyl)-4-(2-((4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2744845"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1056634-68-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6O01GMS00P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660135"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H22N6O2"}]}}{"C120208":{"preferredName":"Monalizumab","code":"C120208","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody against the human natural killer (NK) and T-lymphocyte cell checkpoint inhibitor killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C member 1 (NKG2A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, monalizumab binds to NKG2A and prevents the binding of NKG2A to its ligand human leukocyte antigen-E (HLA-E), which is overexpressed on tumor cells. This blocks the HLA-E-mediated inhibition of NKG2A-positive infiltrating NK and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and induces a NK and CTL-mediated immune response against the cancer cells leading to their destruction. Human NKG2A, an inhibitory cell surface receptor covalently bound to CD94, is expressed by NK cells and CTLs. Stimulation of the CD94/NKG2A complex inhibits the cytotoxic activity of these cells. HLA-E, a nonclassical HLA class Ib molecule, is often overexpressed on tumor cells and is associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IPH-2201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPH2201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4-kappa, Anti-(Homo sapiens KLRC1 (Killer Cell Lectin-like Receptor Subfamily C Member 1, NKG2-a, NKG2a, CD159A, CD94)), Humanized Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MONALIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Monalizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NN-8765","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NN8765","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NN8765-3658","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896730"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3ZXZ2V0588"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768226"}]}}{"C105399":{"preferredName":"Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 Inhibitor AZD3965","code":"C105399","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MCT1 inhibitor AZD3965 binds to MCT1 and prevents the transport of lactate into and out of the cell. This leads to an accumulation of lactate, intracellular acidification, and eventually cancer cell death. MCT1, a protein overexpressed on tumor cells, is responsible for the transport of monocarboxylates across the cell membrane and plays a key role in cell metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD3965","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCT1 Inhibitor AZD3965","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 Inhibitor AZD3965","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3642150"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746809"}]}}{"C2648":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 105AD7 Anti-idiotype Vaccine","code":"C2648","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody that mimics a tumor-associated antigen 791Tgp72 (also known as CD55). Vaccination with this agent may stimulate a host cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells expressing CD55, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 105AD7 Anti-idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134469"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38413"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38413"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_105AD7_Anti-idiotype_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2446":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 11D10","code":"C2446","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody (anti-Id). Anti-Id 11D10 mimics a specific epitope of the high molecular weight human milk fat globule (HMFG) glycoprotein primarily expressed by human breast and some other tumor cells at high density. This specific HMFG epitope is identified by mAb BrE1, which was used as the immunizing antibody, or Ab1 to generate the anti-Id (Ab2) 11D10. Anti-ID 11D10 reacts specifically with breast tumor cells and with minimal reactivity with normal tissues. Vaccination with anti-Id 11D10 induces anti-anti-idiotype antibodies (Ab3) that may react with breast cancer cell lines expressing the HMFG membrane epitope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11D10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 11D10","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 11D10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"7533665"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677765"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42822"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42822"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_11D10"}]}}{"C2606":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 11D10 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","code":"C2606","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine consisting of a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) directed against an idiotype that mimics a human milk fat globule (HMFG) membrane epitope. Vaccination with monoclonal antibody 11D10 anti-idiotype vaccine induces anti-anti-idiotype antibodies (Ab3) that may react with breast cancer cell lines expressing the HMFG membrane epitope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11D10 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 11D10 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TriAb","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TriAb anti-idiotype antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935720"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38135"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_11D10_Anti-Idiotype_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2368":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 14G2A","code":"C2368","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody directed against the ganglioside GD2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody 14G2A binds to the ganglioside GD2 and induces antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against GD2-expressing tumor cells. GD2 is overexpressed in malignant melanoma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, and small cell carcinoma of the lung. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"14G2A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"14G2A, monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody 14G2A, Monoclonal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MURINE MONOCLONAL ANTI-GD2 ANTIBODY 14G2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MoAb 14G2A","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 14G2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 14G2A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"624345"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280838"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TC4U60XS42"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41244"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41244"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_14G2A"}]}}{"C29198":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 1F5","code":"C29198","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody directed against CD20, a cross-membrane ion channel phosphoprotein expressed by B cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. MOAB 1F5 binds to CD20, thereby directly inhibiting B-cell proliferation and differentiation. When cross-linked by secondary anti-mouse antibodies or Fc receptor-bearing cells, MOAB 1F5 may induce activation of B-cell protein tyrosine kinases, increases in B-cell intracellular calcium ion concentrations, and B-cell caspase activation, resulting in apoptosis of B cells expressing CD20. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody 1F5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOAB 1F5","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 1F5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1513414"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_1F5"}]}}{"C2470":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 3622W94","code":"C2470","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against the 17-1A antigen, with potential adjuvant therapeutic properties in colorectal cancer. 17-1A antigen (EpCAM), a human epithelial cell adhesion molecule, expresses in a variety of carcinoma tissues, such as those of colon and breast carcinomas. Immunization with MoAb 3622W94 may elicit immune responses, which could result in eradicating tumor cells expressing 17-1A antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3622W94","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 3622W94","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 3622W94","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677996"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42985"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42985"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_3622W94"}]}}{"C2370":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 3F8","code":"C2370","definitions":[{"description":"A type of monoclonal antibody used in cancer detection or therapy. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody directed against the cell-surface, tumor-associated antigen ganglioside GD2. Vaccination with monoclonal antibody 3F8 may stimulate a host cytotoxic immune response against tumors that express ganglioside GD2. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3F8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"3F8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3F8 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANTI-GD2 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY 3F8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MoAb 3F8","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 3F8","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 3F8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-Ganglioside (GD2) Monoclonal Antibody 3F8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280849"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3GFS72WN4M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41259"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41259"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_3F8"}]}}{"C2424":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 3H1 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","code":"C2424","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant monoclonal antibody in which the heavy and light chain variable domains mimic a specific epitope of the tumor-associated protein carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). This agent is used as a cancer vaccine against tumors that express CEA. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEA-Vac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CeaVac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 3H1 anti-idiotype vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 3H1 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"720063"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0393051"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42652"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42652"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_3H1_Anti-Idiotype_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2227":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 4B5 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","code":"C2227","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized anti-idiotypic (anti-Id) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) that mimics the disialoganglioside GD2 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, monoclonal antibody 4B5 anti-idiotype vaccine may elicit both cellular and humoral immune responses against GD2- expressing tumor cells. GD2 is a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide) that may be highly expressed by melanomas and other neuroectodermal tumors, while only minimally expressed by normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4B5 monoclonal antibody anti-idiotype vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 4B5 anti-idiotype vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 4B5 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879386"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37797"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37797"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_4B5_Anti-Idiotype_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2739":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 7C11","code":"C2739","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgM monoclonal antibody against Fas antigen with antineoplastic property. Fas antigen is a member of tumor necrosis factor family that mediates antibody-triggered apoptosis. Upon binds to Fas, monoclonal antibody 7C11 (MoAb 7C11) induces apoptosis in Fas-expressing cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MoAb 7C11","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb IMC-7C11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 7C11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1513423"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_7C11"}]}}{"C1958":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","code":"C1958","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG2 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 81C6 raised against the extracellular matrix antigen tenascin (hexabrachion), up-regulated in gliomas and other cancers. Conjugated MoAb 81C6 may be used in diagnosis or treatment of cancers that over-express tenascin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-tenascin Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-tenascin murine 81C6 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-tenascin murine 81C6 mAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY 81C6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 81C6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mu81C6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1513424"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D18JQ86QNM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_81C6"}]}}{"C2436":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody A1G4 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","code":"C2436","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-idiotypic (anti-Id) rat monoclonal antibody (MoAb) that mimics the disialoganglioside GD2, a cancer-associated antigen present on melanoma, small cell lung cancer, sarcoma, neuroblastoma, and other malignancies. GD2 is a highly expressed glycosphingolipid by melanoma and other neuroectodermal tumors with only minimal expression on normal tissues. Vaccination with anti-Id A1G4 MoAb may elicit cellular and humoral immune responses against GD2 expression tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A1G4 anti-idiotype monoclonal antibody vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody A1G4 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677670"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42698"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42698"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_A1G4_Anti-Idiotype_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2447":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody A27.15","code":"C2447","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human transferrin (Tf) receptor. Monoclonal antibody A27.15 binds to the Tf receptor, blocking the binding of transferrin to the receptor and resulting in decreased tumor cell growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A27.15","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANTI-TRANSFERRIN MOAB 27.15","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb A27.15","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody A27.15","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"644261"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677772"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42834"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42834"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_A27_15"}]}}{"C2410":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody A33","code":"C2410","definitions":[{"description":"A type of monoclonal antibody used in cancer detection or therapy. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human A33 antigen. Monoclonal antibody A33 recognizes the human A33 antigen, a 43 KDa transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, which is highly and homogenously expressed in 95% of colorectal cancer metastases with only restricted expression in normal colonic mucosa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"A33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A33 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb A33","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody A33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0392959"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42527"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42527"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_A33"}]}}{"C99162":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody AbGn-7","code":"C99162","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric monoclonal antibody against a Lewis-A-like glycotope (AbGn-7 antigen) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Monoclonal antibody AbGn-7 targets and binds to the carbohydrate AbGn-7 antigen on the cell surface of tumor cells and may induce complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), thereby killing AbGn-7-epitope positive tumor cells. AbGn-7 antigen is expressed on a variety of tumor cell types, including human colorectal, pancreatic and gastric tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AbGn-7","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody AbGn-7","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody AbGn-7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433012"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717457"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717457"}]}}{"C129591":{"preferredName":"Lirentelimab","code":"C129591","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, nonfucosylated immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 8 (Siglec-8) expressed on human mast cells and eosinophils, with potential anti-inflammatory activity. Upon administration, lirentelimab targets and binds to Siglec-8 expressed on the surface of mast cells and eosinophils. This may inhibit mast cell activation and deplete eosinophils through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and apoptosis. This may reduce abnormal proliferation of mast cells and eosinophils, which plays a key role in allergic and inflammatory responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AK 002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIRENTELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lirentelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody AK 002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512560"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SWS48LJU3T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783857"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783857"}]}}{"C156402":{"preferredName":"Anti-NRP1 Antibody ASP1948","code":"C156402","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against neuropilin-1 (NRP1; CD304; BDCA-4), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-NRP1 antibody ASP1948 specifically targets and binds to NRP1. This prevents the binding of NRP1 to its ligand and may block the immune inhibitory actions of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) mediated by the interaction of NRP1 with its ligand. This may enhance the immune response against tumor cells. NRP1 is a transmembrane co-receptor protein expressed in Tregs; it plays an important role in maintaining the stability and function of Tregs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP 1948","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-1948","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP1948","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-NRP1 Antibody ASP1948","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-NRP1 Antibody ASP1948","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-neuropilin-1 Antibody ASP1948","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTZ 329","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTZ-329","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTZ329","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563090"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795699"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795699"}]}}{"C2659":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody CAL","code":"C2659","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-rP). As a poly-hormone with diverse biological roles, PTH-rP is expressed by normal tissues, acting in local tissue environments in a variety of ways; it is commonly overexpressed by breast, prostate, and other cancers, acting systemically by promoting bone resorption, inhibiting calcium excretion from the kidney, inducing hypercalcemia, and possibly playing a role in the formation of bony metastases. By blocking the effects of PTH-rP on calcium metabolism, monoclonal antibody CAL may inhibit cancer-related hypercalcemia. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody CAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1135160"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38505"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38505"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_CAL"}]}}{"C2698":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody CC49-delta CH2","code":"C2698","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized CH2 domain-deleted second-generation monoclonal antibody based on the antibody B72.3 that is directed against tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG72). TAG72 is expressed by gastric, breast, pancreatic, colorectal, and ovarian carcinoma cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-49 Delta CH2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOAB CC49-deltaCH2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOAB HCC49DCH2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb HuCC49DeltaCH2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody CC49-delta CH2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HCC49DCH2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"696081"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134500"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38456"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38456"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_CC49-delta_CH2"}]}}{"C98296":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody CEP-37250/KHK2804","code":"C98296","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting glycolipids, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, monoclonal antibody CEP-37250/KHK2804 targets and binds to a specific tumor antigen, thereby stimulating the immune system to exert an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against the tumor associated antigen (TAA)-expressing cancer cells. This agent has shown to be active in both wild-type and mutant K-RAS-expressing colorectal cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEP-37250/KHK2804","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody CEP-37250/KHK2804","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody CEP-37250/KHK2804","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432414"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714212"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714212"}]}}{"C2683":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody D6.12","code":"C2683","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody directed against a 48 kDa antigen expressed on the cell surface of normal and malignant gastrointestinal epithelium. MoAb D6.12 has been shown to induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). This MoAb, either alone or in combination with other immunotherapeutic agents, may have possible diagnostic or therapeutic applications in gastrointestinal cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MoAb D6.12","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb D612","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody D6.12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"8402627"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"641116"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134661"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38656"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38656"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_D6_12"}]}}{"C2448":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody E2.3","code":"C2448","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human transferrin (Tf) receptor. Monoclonal antibody E2.3 binds to the Tf receptor, blocking the binding of transferrin to the receptor and resulting in decreased tumor cell growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Transferrin MOAB E2.3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E2.3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb E2.3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody E2.3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"644262"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677773"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42835"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42835"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_E2_3"}]}}{"C2514":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody F19","code":"C2514","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human fibroblast activation protein (FAP). FAP is a 95 kDa cell surface glycoprotein and an inducible tumor stromal antigen of epithelial cancers and of a subset of soft tissue sarcomas. FAP shows a very limited distribution pattern in normal tissues, thereby MoAb F19 has possible diagnostic and therapeutic applications in epithelial cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-F19 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FAP (Fibroblast Activation Protein), F19 Epitope, Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F19 monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb F19","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody F19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796524"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43384"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43384"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_F19"}]}}{"C26450":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody GD2 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","code":"C26450","definitions":[{"description":"A class of vaccines that consist of anti-idiotype monoclonal antibodies against the tumor-associated antigen disialoganglioside GD2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with a monoclonal antibody GD2 anti-idiotype vaccine produces an immunoglobulin response against GD2 with subsequent destruction of GD2 positive tumor cells via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). GD2 is overexpressed in melanoma, neuroblastoma, soft tissue sarcoma, and small cell carcinoma of the lung. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody GD2 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328690"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257174"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257174"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_GD2_Anti-Idiotype_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2505":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody HeFi-1","code":"C2505","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody HeFi-1 binds to CD30, a cell surface antigen found on mitogen-activated B-cells and T-cells, and Reed-Sternberg cells. Monoclonal antibody HeFi-1 has been shown to arrest tumor growth and prevent metastasis in animal models. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HeFi-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb HeFi-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HeFi-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"603573"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796480"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43332"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43332"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_HeFi-1"}]}}{"C2547":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody Hu3S193","code":"C2547","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Hu3S193 binds to the protein Lewis(y), which is found on colon, breast, lung, ovary, and prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the Lewis Y antigen, a tumor-associated epithelial antigen, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following binding, monoclonal antibody Hu3S193 triggers an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in cells expressing Lewis Y antigen. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hu3S193","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu3S193","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MoAb Hu3S193","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Hu3S193","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879578"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946415-49-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38031"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38031"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_Hu3S193"}]}}{"C48407":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuAFP31","code":"C48407","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. HuAFP31 attaches to tumor cells that make alpha fetoprotein (AFP). This makes it easier for T cells to find and kill the tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against alpha fetoprotein with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, monoclonal antibody HuAFP31 (mAb HuAFP31) binds to and stimulates a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that express alpha fetoprotein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HuAFP31","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MOAB HuAFP31","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuAFP31","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hAFP-31","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541524"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425344"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425344"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_HuAPF31"}]}}{"C38697":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuHMFG1","code":"C38697","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that binds to the protein MUC1, which is found on breast, ovarian, pancreatic, gastric, and colon cancer cells. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. HuHMFG1 is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against MUC1, a mucin glycoprotein overexpressed in breast and other carcinomas. Monoclonal antibody HuHMFG1 stimulates antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells expressing MUC1, resulting in a decrease in tumor burden. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AS1402","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuHMFG1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuHMFG1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuHMFG1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuHMFG1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R1550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328704"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"322247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"322247"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_HuHMFG1"}]}}{"C2652":{"preferredName":"Rosopatamab","code":"C2652","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against the external domain of the Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), overexpressed in the malignant prostate and its metastases. Although PSMA is not a biomarker of disease progression, over-expression indicates an aggressive phenotype of the prostate cancer. Rosopatamab was generated by replacing murine Ig sequences with human ones, thereby MoAb huJ591can be administered to patients on multiple occasions over long time periods without inducing an immune response. Radiolabelled MoAb huJ591 may be used in immunotherapy of prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MLN591","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody huJ591","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROSOPATAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rosopatamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huJ591","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"14716739"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134478"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2260767-49-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2TTE6SSR0J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38425"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38425"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_huJ591"}]}}{"C48408":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuPAM4","code":"C48408","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the pancreatic cancer antigen MUC1 with potential antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody HuPAM4 (mAb HuPAM4) binds to cells expressing MUC1 antigen; mAb HuPAM4 may be useful as a carrier for radioisotopes and other antineoplastic therapeutic agents. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB HuPAM4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HuPAM4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541527"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425351"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425351"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_HuPAM4"}]}}{"C29224":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-14","code":"C29224","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (anti-CEA) murine monoclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG) with potential antineoplastic activity. CEA is overexpressed in several cancer cell types, including gastrointestinal, breast, and non-small cell lung cancers. MOAB IMMU-14 can be conjugated with a radioactive element for use in radioimmunotherapy (RIT), a regimen that uses a tumor-specific monoclonal antibody to deliver targeted radiation to cancer cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB IMMU-14","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-14","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"624339"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1513453"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_IMMU-14"}]}}{"C2372":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody L6","code":"C2372","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody L6 binds to the L6 antigen, a cell surface glycoprotein overexpressed in many carcinomas, and induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against L6-expressing tumor cells. This agent may be conjugated with various toxins in order to target their cytotoxic activity to tumor cells expressing the L6 antigen. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb L6","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody L6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281019"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41472"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41472"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_L6"}]}}{"C1561":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","code":"C1561","definitions":[{"description":"A murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody directed against the HLA-Dr10 protein, a cell surface marker present on over eighty percent of lymphoma cells. When conjugated with a radioactive isotope, Lym-1 monoclonal antibody selectively transports the cytotoxic radioisotope to HLA-Dr10-expressing tumor cells, thereby sparing healthy B-cells and normal tissues. This agent also mediates antibody-dependent cytotoxicity thereby promoting Raji B-lymphoid cell lysis by human neutrophils. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IgG2a murine monoclonal antibody Lym-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lym-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb Lym-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1, IgG2a Murine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"620858"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280726"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41126"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41126"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_Lym-1"}]}}{"C1959":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody m170","code":"C1959","definitions":[{"description":"A panadenocarcinoma murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) with potential antineoplastic activity. MoAb m170 recognizes MUC-1 antigen present on the surface of many adenocarcinomas. It may be conjugated with a radioactive element and used in radioimmunotherapy (RIT), a procedure that uses a tumor-specific monoclonal antibody to target radiation to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 170","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody M170","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody m170","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL448315"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38169"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38169"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_170"}]}}{"C2409":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody Me1-14 F(ab')2","code":"C2409","definitions":[{"description":"The F(ab)2 fragment of Me1-14, a murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody directed against proteoglycan chondroitin sulfate-associated protein expressed by gliomas and melanomas. By binding to proteoglycan chondroitin sulfate-associated protein, monoclonal antibody Me1-14 F(ab')2 conjugated to a radioisotope may localize gliomas and melanomas when used as a tracer in radioimaging applications; in radioimmunotherapeutic applications, this agent conjugated to a radioisotope may be used to deliver targeted radiotoxicity to these tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Me1-14 F(ab')2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Me1-14 F(ab')2 monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb Me1-14 F(ab')2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody Me1-14 F(ab')2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0392955"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42523"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42523"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_Me1-14_F_ab_2"}]}}{"C2476":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody muJ591","code":"C2476","definitions":[{"description":"A type of monoclonal antibody used in cancer detection or therapy. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A murine IgG monoclonal antibody against the external domain of the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), overexpressed in the malignant prostate and its metastases. Although PSMA is not a biomarker of disease progression, over-expression indicates an aggressive phenotype of the prostate cancer. Radiolabelled MoAb muJ591 may be used in prostate cancer diagnosis and therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MoAb muJ591","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody muJ591","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"muJ591","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"muJ591","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"muJ591 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0678086"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43087"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43087"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_muJ591"}]}}{"C2417":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody MX35 F(ab')2","code":"C2417","definitions":[{"description":"The F(ab)2 fragment of monoclonal antibody (MoAb) MX35 that recognizes a 95 kD glycoprotein with homogeneous distribution on 80% of ovarian tumor specimens. When radiolabeled, this MoAb has potential use in the radioimaging or may induce a cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells that express this glycoprotein. Containing only the antigen-binding fragment of the Ig molecule, MoAb MX35 F(ab')2 offers the advantages of smaller size and lower cross-reactivity compared to complete antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MX35 F(ab')2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MX35 F(ab')2 monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb MX35 F(ab')2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody MX35 F(ab')2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0393012"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42598"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42598"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_MX35_F_ab_2"}]}}{"C156398":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody NEO-201","code":"C156398","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody derived from an immunogenic preparation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) from pooled allogeneic colon cancer tissue extracts, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon intravenous administration, monoclonal antibody NEO-201 targets and binds to malignant tissues with tumor-specific mutations in the membrane-anchored proteins, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules 5 and 6 (CEACAM5 and CEACAM6). This prevents the interaction between tumor cell CEACAM 5 and natural killer (NK) cell CEACAM1, and reverses CEACAM1-dependent inhibition of NK cytotoxicity. This may result in the activation of NKs and results in NK-mediated tumor cell killing. Additionally, monoclonal antibody NEO-201 may activate innate immune responses against tumor cells such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). CEACAM 5, and 6 are members of the CEA family of proteins. These membrane proteins are over expressed in a variety of cancer cell types and play a key role in cell migration, invasion, and adhesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody NEO-201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEO 201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEO-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEO-201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"NEO201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-targeting Antibody NEO-201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"h16C3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"h16C3 Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563093"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"41E6FO0DX2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795513"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795513"}]}}{"C2349":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody R24","code":"C2349","definitions":[{"description":"An IgG murine monoclonal antibody directed against the ganglioside GD3 glycolipid, located in the cell membranes of some tumor cells. Monoclonal antibody R24 binds to GD3-positive cells, thereby initiating antibody-dependent cytotoxicity against GD3-positive cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MoAb R24","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody R24","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody R24","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"R24","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"608918"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279226"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39362"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39362"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_R24"}]}}{"C48409":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody RAV12","code":"C48409","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to cancer cells. It binds to a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule that is found on gastric, colon, pancreatic, prostate, ovarian, breast, and kidney cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against a primate-restricted N-linked carbohydrate epitope (glycotope) expressed on various human carcinomas with potential antineoplastic activity. Following binding, monoclonal antibody RAV12 disrupts sodium channels of tumor cells expressing this glycotope, resulting in cell and organelle swelling, loss of membrane integrity, and cell death. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody RAV12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAV12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"anti-RAAG12 MOAB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541489"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415732"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415732"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_RAV12"}]}}{"C2005":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody SGN-14","code":"C2005","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the CD40 antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. CD-40, an integral membrane protein found on the surface of B lymphocytes and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor super-family, is highly overexpressed on the cell surface of a number of B-cell malignancies. Monoclonal antibody SGN-14 specifically binds to and inhibits CD-40, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell lysis via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody SGN-14","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-14","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519138"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SGN-14"}]}}{"C142826":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Antibody TRK-950","code":"C142826","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary monoclonal antibody targeting an as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action has not been elucidated presumably monoclonal antibody TRK-950 binds to a specific TAA on the cell surface of tumor cells and may induce complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). This may lead to the death of tumor cells expressing the TAA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody TRK-950","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody TRK-950","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK 950","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK-950","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK-950","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540696"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L1R0M8P1GD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791700"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791700"}]}}{"C155907":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Microbial EDP1503","code":"C155907","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available preparation derived from a single clone of Bifidobacterium spp. with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, monoclonal microbial EDP1503 colonizes the gut and may, through a not yet fully elucidated mechanism, promote the activation of dendritic cells (DCs), and enhance the induction and infiltration of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Bifidobacterium is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria, with some species being a commensal part of the human gastrointestinal tract and vaginal flora.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EDP 1503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDP-1503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDP1503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Microbial EDP1503","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Microbial EDP1503","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562766"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795263"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795263"}]}}{"C94208":{"preferredName":"Tebentafusp","code":"C94208","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein containing a modified form of human T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the gp100 antigen and fused to an anti-CD3 single-chain antibody fragment, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon direct intratumoral administration of tebentafusp into the melanoma lesion, the TCR moiety of this agent targets and binds to the tumor associated antigen (TAA) gp100 presented on the melanoma tumor cell; the anti-CD3 fragment moiety binds to CD3- expressing T lymphocytes, thereby selectively cross-linking tumor cells and T-lymphocytes. This may lead to the recruitment of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to the T lymphocyte/tumor cell aggregates and result in CTL-mediated death of gp100-expressing melanoma cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMCgp100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ImmTAC-gp100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal T-cell Receptor Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMCgp100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEBENTAFUSP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tebentafusp","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tebentafusp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426021"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1874157-95-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N658GY6L3E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686537"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686537"}]}}{"C122637":{"preferredName":"Monomethyl Auristatin E","code":"C122637","definitions":[{"description":"A dolastatin-10 peptide derivative with potent antimitotic activity and potential antineoplastic activity as part of an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) binds to tubulin, blocks tubulin polymerization, and inhibits microtubule formation, which results in both disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and arrest of tumor cells in the M phase of the cell cycle. To minimize toxicity and maximize efficacy, MMAE is conjugated, via a cleavable peptide linker, to a monoclonal antibody that specifically targets a patient's tumor. The linker is stable in the extracellular milieu but is readily cleaved to release MMAE following binding and internalization of the ADC by the target cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-N-((3R,4S,5S)-1-((S)-2-((1R,2R)-3-(((1S,2R)-1-hydroxy-1-phenylpropan-2-yl)amino)-1-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methoxy-5-methyl-1-oxoheptan-4-yl)-N,3-dimethyl-2-((S)-3-methyl-2-(methylamino)butanamido)butanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Valinamide, N-methyl-L-valyl-N-((1S,2R)-4-((2S)-2-((1R,2R)-3-(((1R,2S)-2-hydroxy-1- methyl-2-phenylethyl)amino)-1-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- methoxy-1-((1S)-1-methylpropyl)-4-oxobutyl)-N-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MMAE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MONOMETHYL AURISTATIN E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Monomethyl Auristatin E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monomethylauristatin E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N(sup 2)-(N-methyl-L-valyl)-N(sup 1)-((1S,2R)-4-((2S)-2-((1R,2R)-3-(((1R,2S)-2-hydroxy-1-methyl-2- phenylethyl)amino)-1-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-methoxy-1-((1S)-1-methylpropyl)-4-oxobutyl)-N(sup 1)-methyl-L-valinamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1565020"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"474645-27-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V7I58RC5EJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C26662":{"preferredName":"Morinda Citrifolia Fruit Extract","code":"C26662","definitions":[{"description":"An extract prepared from the fruit of Morinda citrifolia, a plant that yields various herbal preparations. Morinda citrifolia fruit juice has antioxidant properties and may prevent tumorigenesis via inhibition of DNA-carcinogen adduct formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Indian Mulberry Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Morinda Citrifolia Fruit Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Morinda citrifolia Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noni","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Noni","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noni Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noni Juice","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328724"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304320"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304320"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Morinda_citrifolia"}]}}{"C1442":{"preferredName":"Morpholinodoxorubicin","code":"C1442","definitions":[{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. As an antineoplastic agent, morpholinodoxorubicin is more potent than doxorubicin. Similar to doxorubicin, morpholinodoxorubicin intercalates into DNA and causes single- and double-strand breaks in DNA via inhibition of topoisomerase I and II. Unlike doxorubicin, this agent is metabolized in vivo to a DNA-alkylating derivative that forms DNA interstrand cross-links, thereby potentiating its doxorubicin-like cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 7, 8, 9, 10-tetrahydro-6, 8, 11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-10-[[2, 3, 6-trideoxy-3-(4-morpholinyl)-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl] oxy]-, hydrochloride, (8S-cis)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORPHOLINODOXORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Morpholinodoxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"morpholino-ADR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"morpholino-adriamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"354646"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0173377"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"89196-04-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X0N4EFN4AI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Morpholinodoxorubicin"}]}}{"C123775":{"preferredName":"Mosedipimod","code":"C123775","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic version of a monoacetyldiacylglyceride naturally occurring in various seed oils, bovine udder and milk fat, antlers of sika deer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action through which EC-18 exerts its pharmacological effect has yet to be fully identified, upon administration, mosedipimod stimulates calcium influx into T-lymphocytes and increases the production of various cytokines, including interleukin (IL) -2, IL-4, IL-12, interferon-gamma (IFN-g), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). This stimulates the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells, bone marrow stromal cells and immune cells, including T- and B-lymphocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Therefore, EC18 may stimulate the immune system to target cancer cells. In addition, EC-18 enhances the cytolytic activity of natural killer (NK) cells and suppresses the expression of the transmembrane protein tumor cell toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) on cancer cells. As activation of TLR-4 enhances immunosuppression and stimulates cancer cell growth, blocking TLR-4 expression suppresses tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (9Z,12Z)-, 1-((Acetyloxy)methyl)-2-((1-oxohexadecyl)oxy)ethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC-18","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOSEDIPIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mosedipimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1455477"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"221139-79-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"88928BS57E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775590"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775590"}]}}{"C129691":{"preferredName":"Mosunetuzumab","code":"C129691","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific, humanized monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Mosunetuzumab contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, mosunetuzumab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing tumor B-cells; this cross-links T-cells to tumor cells, and may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD20-expressing tumor B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody BTCT4465A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTCT 4465A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTCT-4465A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTCT4465A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20/CD3 BiMAb BTCT4465A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOSUNETUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mosunetuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mosunetuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7030816","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507850"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1905409-39-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LDJ89SS0YG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774847"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774847"}]}}{"C71896":{"preferredName":"Motesanib","code":"C71896","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. AMG 706 selectively targets and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFR), Kit, and Ret receptors, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOTESANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Motesanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347295"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"453562-69-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U1JK633AYI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H23N5O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Motesanib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:51098"}]}}{"C48374":{"preferredName":"Motesanib Diphosphate","code":"C48374","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors and protein kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The orally bioavailable diphosphate salt of a multiple-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Motesanib selectively targets and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFR), kit, and Ret receptors, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Pyridinecarboxamide, N-(2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-1H-indol-6-yl)-2-((4-pyridinylmethyl)amino)-, phosphate (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG 706","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG 706","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MOTESANIB DIPHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Motesanib Diphosphate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Motesanib Diphosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541476"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"857876-30-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T6Q3060U91"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391228"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391228"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H23N5O.2H3O4P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AMG706"}]}}{"C1881":{"preferredName":"Motexafin Gadolinium","code":"C1881","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may make tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy, improve tumor images using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and kill cancer cells. It is a type of metalloporphyrin complex.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic metallotexaphyrin with radiosensitizing and chemosensitizing properties. Motexafin gadolinium accumulates in tumor cells preferentially due to their increased rates of metabolism, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) intracellularly and lowering the tumor cell apoptotic threshold to ionizing radiation and chemotherapy. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"API-GP3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gadolinium Texaphyrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gd (III) Texaphryin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gd-Tex","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOTEXAFIN GADOLINIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Motexafin Gadolinium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Motexafin Gadolinium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCI-0120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xcytrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gadolinium texaphyrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"motexafin gadolinium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"695238"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0964264"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"156436-89-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6433A42F4F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42391"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42391"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C48H66N5O10.2C2H3O2.Gd"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Motexafin_Gadolinium"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50162"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50161"}]}}{"C1651":{"preferredName":"Motexafin Lutetium","code":"C1651","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer using photodynamic therapy. It belongs to the family of drugs called metallotexaphyrins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pentadentate aromatic metallotexaphyrin with photosensitizing properties. Motexafin lutetium preferentially accumulates in tumor cells due to their increased rates of metabolism and absorbs light, forming an extended high energy conformational state that produces high quantum yields of singlet oxygen, resulting in local cytotoxic effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lu tex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lu-Tex","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Texaphrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Texaphyrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium texaphyrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lutex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lutrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOTEXAFIN LUTETIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Motexafin Lutetium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Motexafin Lutetium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Optrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCI-0123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lutetium texaphyrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"motexafin lutetium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"695239"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338310"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"246252-04-0"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"156436-90-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0A85BJ22L6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42402"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42402"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C48H66N5O10.2C2H3O2.Lu.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Motexafin_Lutetium"}]}}{"C80521":{"preferredName":"Motolimod","code":"C80521","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) agonist with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Motolimod binds to TLR8, present in cutaneous dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages, and mast cells, which may result in the activation of the central transcription factor nuclear factor-B, the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and other mediators, and a Th1-weighted antitumoral cellular immune response. Primarily localized to endosomal membranes intracellularly, TLR8, like other TLRs, recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and plays a key role in the innate immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOTOLIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Motolimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Motolimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toll-like Receptor 8 Agonist VTX-2337","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VTX-2337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VTX-378","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825237"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"926927-61-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WP6PY72ZH3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599455"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599455"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TLR8_Agonist_VTX-2337"}]}}{"C2638":{"preferredName":"MOv-gamma Chimeric Receptor Gene","code":"C2638","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant engineered chimeric gene derived from the murine gene encoding the variable region of monoclonal antibody MOv18 against folate-binding protein, which is often overexpressed in human ovarian cancer cells, and the gene encoding the Fc receptor for the gamma subunit of human IgG and IgE. Peripheral blood lymphocytes expressing the MOv-gamma gene may be used in the immunotherapeutic treatment of ovarian cancer. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOv-g","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOv-gamma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOv-gamma Chimeric Receptor Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"673412"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935881"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38341"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38341"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MOv-gamma_Chimeric_Receptor_Gene"}]}}{"C68819":{"preferredName":"Moxetumomab Pasudotox","code":"C68819","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody linked to a toxic substance. It is being studied in the treatment of some types of B-cell cancer. Anti-CD22 immunotoxin CAT-8015 is made in the laboratory. It binds to CD22, a protein on the surface of normal B cells and B-cell tumors, and kills the cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant immunotoxin consisting of the Fv portion of the anti-CD22 antibody covalently fused to a 38 KDa fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin-A (PE38) with potential antineoplastic activity. The Fv portion of anti-CD22 immunotoxin CAT-8015 binds to CD22, a cell surface receptor expressed on a variety of malignant B-cells, thereby delivering the toxin moiety PE38 directly to tumor cells. Once internalized, PE38 induces caspase-mediated apoptosis via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage and blocks translational elongation by binding to elongation factor 2 (EF-2). Anti-CD22 immunotoxin CAT-8015 exhibits a greater affinity for CD22 than its predecessor, anti-CD22 immunotoxin CAT-3888 (BL22 immunotoxin), and hence may be more effective against tumor cells expressing lower levels of CD22.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD22 Immunotoxin CAT-8015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAT-8015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAT-8015","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GCR-8015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HA22","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotoxin CAT-8015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lumoxiti","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOXETUMOMAB PASUDOTOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Moxetumomab Pasudotox","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Moxetumomab Pasudotox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moxetumomab Pasudotox-TDFK","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-CD22 immunotoxin CAT-8015","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2717021"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1020748-57-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory hairy cell leukemia (HCL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2NDX4B6N8F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"540032"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"540032"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD22_Immunotoxin_CAT-8015"}]}}{"C122707":{"preferredName":"Mps1 Inhibitor BAY 1217389","code":"C122707","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1, TTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the Mps1 inhibitor BAY 1217389 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of Mps1. This inactivates the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), accelerates mitosis, causes chromosomal misalignment and missegregation, and mitotic checkpoint complex destabilization. This induces cell death in Mps1-overexpressing cancer cells. Mps1, a kinase expressed in proliferating normal tissues and aberrantly overexpressed in a wide range of human tumors, is activated during mitosis and is essential for proper SAC functioning and chromosome alignment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 1217389","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mps1 Inhibitor BAY 1217389","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mps1 Inhibitor BAY 1217389","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053670"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769545"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769545"}]}}{"C155895":{"preferredName":"Mps1 Inhibitor BOS172722","code":"C155895","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the serine/threonine-protein kinase monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1; TTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the Mps1 inhibitor BOS172722 binds to and inhibits the activity of Mps1, a core component of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Inhibition of Mps1 activity compromises spindle assembly checkpoint, increases chromosome missegregation errors and decreases cancer cell viability. Mps1, a dual-specificity protein kinase expressed in proliferating normal tissues and aberrantly overexpressed in certain tumor types, is activated during mitosis and is essential in proper SAC function and chromosomal alignment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BOS 172722","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOS172722","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monopolar Spindle 1 Inhibitor BOS172722","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mps1 Inhibitor BOS172722","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTK Inhibitor BOS172722","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562779"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794872"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794872"}]}}{"C146813":{"preferredName":"mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine mRNA-4157","code":"C146813","definitions":[{"description":"An mRNA-based individualized, therapeutic personalized cancer vaccine (PCV) targeting twenty tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are specifically expressed by the patient's cancer cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The cells from the patient's tumor are analyzed, and genetic sequencing is used to identify twenty neoantigen epitopes that may elicit the strongest immune response in the patient. The sequences encoding the twenty patient-specific epitopes are transcribed and loaded onto a single mRNA molecule. Upon administration, the mRNA-based PCV mRNA-4157 is taken up and translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Then, the expressed epitopes are presented via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of the APCs. This leads to an induction of both cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)- and memory T-cell-dependent immune responses that specifically target and destroy the patient's cancer cells that express these neoantigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PCV mRNA-4157","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA 4157","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-4157","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-based PCV mRNA-4157","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine mRNA-4157","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine mRNA-4157","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544754"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792256"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792256"}]}}{"C148239":{"preferredName":"mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine NCI-4650","code":"C148239","definitions":[{"description":"An mRNA-based therapeutic personalized cancer vaccine (PCV) targeting up to fifteen tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are specifically expressed by a patient's cancer cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The cells from the patient's tumor are analyzed and subjected to RNA sequencing to identify mutant and immunogenic epitopes. The neoantigen epitopes are screened to select those that induce a strong immune response in tumor- infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) isolated from the patient. The selected mRNA sequences encoding up to fifteen neoantigen epitopes are incorporated in a proprietary formulation designed to maximize mRNA delivery and minimize mRNA-triggered immune responses. Upon administration, the mRNA-based PCV NCI-4650 is taken up and the mRNAs are translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Then, the expressed epitopes are presented via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of the APCs. This induces both cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)- and memory T-cell-dependent immune responses that specifically target and destroy the patient's cancer cells that express these neoantigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NCI 4650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCI-4650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-based PCV NCI-4650","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine NCI-4650","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine NCI-4650","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550832"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795447"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795447"}]}}{"C154274":{"preferredName":"mRNA-based TriMix Melanoma Vaccine ECI-006","code":"C154274","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma vaccine consisting of mRNAs encoding five different melanoma tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and a TriMix platform comprised of three mRNAs encoding for constitutively activated toll-like receptor 4 (caTLR4), CD40 ligand (CD40L), and CD70, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intranodal injection, mRNA based TriMix vaccine ECI-006 may stimulate the immune system to mount both humoral and cellular responses against tumor cells expressing the five TAAs specific to the vaccine, potentially decreasing cellular proliferation of cells expressing these antigens. The TriMix adjuvants CD40L and caTLR4 promote the generation of mature and active dendritic cells (DCs), and CD70 provides a costimulatory signal to CD27+ naive T-cells, thereby supporting T-cell proliferation and inhibiting T-cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ECI 006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECI-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECI006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-based TriMix Melanoma Vaccine ECI-006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555271"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794159"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794159"}]}}{"C156926":{"preferredName":"mRNA-based Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine GRT-R902","code":"C156926","definitions":[{"description":"An mRNA-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of a self-amplifying mRNA (SAM), formulated in a lipid nanoparticle (LNP), targeting twenty tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs) that have been identified through genetic sequencing of a patient's tumor cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of the mRNA-based tumor-specific neoantigen boosting vaccine GRT-R902, the mRNA is taken up and translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Then, the expressed epitopes are presented via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of APCs. This leads to an induction of both cytotoxic T-lymphocyte and memory T-cell dependent immune responses that specifically target and destroy the patient's cancer cells that express these neoantigens. mRNA-based TSNA boosting vaccine is administered after a single dose of the adenoviral tumor-specific neoantigen priming vaccine GRT-C901. The combined immunotherapy product, consisting of priming and boosting vaccines, is referred to as GRANITE-001.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Boosting Cancer Vaccine GRT-R902","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRT R902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRT-R902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRTR902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-based TSNA Boosting Vaccine GRT-R902","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-based Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine GRT-R902","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"mRNA-based Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine GRT-R902","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935911"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796480"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796480"}]}}{"C162186":{"preferredName":"mRNA-derived KRAS-targeted Vaccine V941","code":"C162186","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-formulated mRNA-based cancer vaccine that targets four of the most commonly occurring KRAS mutations (G12D, G12V, G13D, and G12C), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, the mRNA-derived KRAS-targeted vaccine V941 (mRNA-5671) is taken up and translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Following translation, the epitopes are presented via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of the APCs. This leads to an induction of both cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)- and memory T-cell-dependent immune responses that specifically target and destroy tumor cells harboring these specific KRAS mutations. KRAS, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is mutated in a variety of tumor cell types. It plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival and is associated with tumor initiation, metastasis and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"V 941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA 5671","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-5671","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-5671 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-derived KRAS-targeted Vaccine V941","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"mRNA-derived KRAS-targeted Vaccine V941","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970771"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798633"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798633"}]}}{"C111574":{"preferredName":"mRNA-derived Lung Cancer Vaccine BI 1361849","code":"C111574","definitions":[{"description":"A non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) vaccine containing six modified mRNAs, which encode six different NSCLC associated antigens, with potential antitumor and immunomodulatory activities. Upon intradermal administration, mRNA-derived lung cancer vaccine BI 1361849 may stimulate the immune system to mount both humoral and cellular responses against NSCLC cells. The six tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) encoded by these mRNAs are frequently expressed by NSCLC cells and are minimally expressed or absent in normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 1361849","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI1361849","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV9202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-derived Lung Cancer Vaccine BI 1361849","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL453982"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752248"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752248"}]}}{"C82654":{"preferredName":"mRNA-Derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9103","code":"C82654","definitions":[{"description":"A prostate cancer vaccine containing mRNAs encoding prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) and six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate (STEAP), with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration, mRNA-derived prostate cancer vaccine CV9103 may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response (CTL) against PSA-, PSMA-, PSCA- and STEAP-expressing prostate tumor cells. The mRNA used in this vaccine is modified and formulated to have enhanced translational potency and adjuvant activities. PSA, PSMA, PSCA and STEAP may be upregulated in prostate cancer cells; their expression in prostate cancer has been correlated with disease progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CV9103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Messenger RNA-Derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-Derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9103","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388486"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636121"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636121"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"mRNA-Derived_Prostate_Cancer_Vaccine_CV9103"}]}}{"C106231":{"preferredName":"mRNA-derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9104","code":"C106231","definitions":[{"description":"A prostate cancer vaccine containing six messenger RNAs (mRNAs) encoding for antigens upregulated in prostate cancer, including mRNAs for prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), and mucin 1 (MUC1), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intradermal administration of mRNA-derived prostate cancer vaccine CV9104, this agent enters cells, the mRNAs are translated into the respective prostate specific antigens and may cause the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response (CTL) against PSA-, PSMA-, PAP- and MUC1-expressing prostate tumor cells. The mRNAs used in this vaccine are modified to have enhanced translational potency and adjuvant activities. PSA, PSMA, PAP and MUC1 are frequently upregulated in prostate cancer cells; their expression in prostate cancer has been correlated with disease progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CV9104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RNActive-derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA-derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL447407"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748869"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748869"}]}}{"C95724":{"preferredName":"MTF-1 Inhibitor APTO-253 HCl","code":"C95724","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a small molecule inhibitor of human metal-regulatory transcription factor 1 (MTF-1) with potential antitumor activity. MTF-1 inhibitor APTO-253 inhibits MTF-1 activity and thereby induces the expression of MTF-1 dependent tumor suppressor factor Kruppel like factor 4 (KLF4). This subsequently leads to the downregulation of cyclin D1, blocking cell cycle progression and proliferation. This agent also causes decreased expression of genes involved in tumor hypoxia and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(6-Fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APTO-253 HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APTO-253 HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LOR-253 HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LT-253 HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTF-1 Inhibitor APTO-253 HCl","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MTF-1 Inhibitor APTO-253 HCl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428185"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1422731-37-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"266N56YWTZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694483"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694483"}]}}{"C133227":{"preferredName":"mTOR Inhibitor GDC-0349","code":"C133227","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, ATP-competitive, tetrahydroquinazoline (THQ)-based inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GDC-0349 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of mTOR, which may result in both the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the phosphatidylinositol-3 (PI3K) kinase-related kinase (PIKK) family, plays an important role in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway that regulates cell growth and proliferation, and its expression or activity is frequently dysregulated in human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-1-ethyl-3-(4-(4-(3-methylmorpholino)-7-(oxetan-3-yl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC 0349","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0349","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC0349","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTOR Inhibitor GDC-0349","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433839"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1207360-89-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700941"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700941"}]}}{"C78856":{"preferredName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor AZD8055","code":"C78856","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. mTOR kinase inhibitor AZD8055 inhibits the serine/threonine kinase activity of mTOR, resulting in decreased expression of mRNAs necessary for cell cycle progression, which may induce cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. mTOR phosphorylates transcription factors, such as S6K1 and 4E-BP1, which stimulate protein synthesis and regulate cell growth, proliferation, motility, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD8055","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor AZD8055","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor AZD8055","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703143"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612860"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612860"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"mTOR_Kinase_Inhibitor_AZD8055"}]}}{"C92575":{"preferredName":"Onatasertib","code":"C92575","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Onatasertib inhibits the activity of mTOR, which may result in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in a variety of tumors, plays an important role downstream in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which is frequently dysregulated in human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATG-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONATASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Onatasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Onatasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TORKi","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 11237","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2985184"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1228013-30-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I8RA3543SY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683644"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683644"}]}}{"C78476":{"preferredName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor OSI-027","code":"C78476","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. mTOR kinase inhibitor OSI-027 binds to and inhibits both the raptor-mTOR (TOR complex 1 or TORC1) and the rictor-mTOR (TOR complex 2 or TORC2) complexes of mTOR, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in some tumors and plays an important role downstream in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Kinase Inhibitor OSI-027","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-027","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-027","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor OSI-027","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor OSI-027","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703121"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"25MKH1SZ0M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600513"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600513"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"mTOR_Kinase_Inhibitor_OSI-027"}]}}{"C128632":{"preferredName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PP242","code":"C128632","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(4-Amino-1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-3-yl)-1H-indol-5-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PP-242","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PP-242","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PP242","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PP242","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3492864"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1092351-67-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H5669VNZ7V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C101132":{"preferredName":"mTOR1/2 Kinase Inhibitor ME-344","code":"C101132","definitions":[{"description":"An active metabolite of NV-128, a novel flavonoid small molecule inhibitor of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, mTOR1/2 Kinase inhibitor ME-344 downregulates the PIK3/AKT/mTOR pathway and results in chromatin condensation in the absence of caspase activation. Consequently, this agent induces caspase-independent cell death in tumor cells with a de-regulated PIK3/AKT/mTOR pathway or chemotherapeutic resistant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ME-344","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTOR1/2 Kinase Inhibitor ME-344","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3639999"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"728650"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"728650"}]}}{"C148528":{"preferredName":"mTORC 1/2 Inhibitor LXI-15029","code":"C148528","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of raptor-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTOR complex 1; mTORC1) and rictor-mTOR complex 2 (mTOR complex 2; mTORC2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mTORC1/2 inhibitor LXI-15029 binds to the kinase domain of mTOR and inhibits both mTORC1 and mTORC2, in an ATP-competitive manner. This inhibits mTOR-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of apoptosis and a decrease in the proliferation of mTORC1/2-expressing tumor cells. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in certain tumor cell types. It plays an important role in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which is often deregulated in cancer cells and promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LXI-15029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LXI15029","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTI-31","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTI-31","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SCC-31","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTORC 1/2 Inhibitor LXI-15029","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551141"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1567915-38-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RM15YYQ1CI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792688"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792688"}]}}{"C122836":{"preferredName":"mTORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor BI 860585","code":"C122836","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of raptor-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTOR complex 1; mTORC1) and rictor-mTOR complex 2 (mTOR complex 2; mTORC2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mTORC1/2 kinase inhibitor BI 860585 binds to the kinase domain of mTOR and inhibits both mTORC1 and mTORC2, in an ATP-competitive manner. This inhibits mTOR-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of apoptosis and a decrease in the proliferation of mTORC1/2-expressing tumor cells. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in certain tumor cell types. It plays an important role in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which is often deregulated in cancer cells and promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 860585","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor BI 860585","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471745"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753378"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753378"}]}}{"C117290":{"preferredName":"mTORC1/mTORC2/DHFR Inhibitor ABTL0812","code":"C117290","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, lipid analogue and inhibitor of raptor-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) (mTOR complex 1; mTORC1), rictor-mTOR (mTOR complex 2; mTORC2) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mTORC1/mTORC2/DHFR inhibitor ABTL0812 binds to and inhibits both mTORC1 and mTORC2, which may result in apoptosis and a decrease in proliferation in mTORC1/2-expressing tumor cells. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in some tumors; it plays an important role in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway which is often deregulated in cancer cells. In addition, ABTL0812 inhibits DHFR, an enzyme that reduces dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid, thereby blocking tetrahydrofolate synthesis, and resulting in both the depletion of nucleotide precursors and the inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. This induces autophagy-induced cell death and further inhibition of cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABTL0812","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTORC1/mTORC2/DHFR Inhibitor ABTL0812","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474116"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763422"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763422"}]}}{"C95722":{"preferredName":"MUC1-targeted Peptide GO-203-2C","code":"C95722","definitions":[{"description":"An optimized small peptide drug candidate targeting epithelial mucin (MUC1) with antineoplastic activity. MUC1-targeted peptide GO-203-2C interacts with oncoprotein MUC1 C-terminal subunit on the cell surface, thereby impeding cell-cell interactions, signaling, and metastasis. MUC1 antigen, a membrane bound glycoprotein expressed by most glandular and ductal epithelial cells, is over-expressed in many diverse human carcinomas including those of the breast, prostate, lung, colon, pancreas, and ovary, and has been associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GO-203-2C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GO-203-2C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MUC1-targeted Peptide GO-203-2C","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MUC1-targeted Peptide GO-203-2C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428184"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5YSY733NA3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694292"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694292"}]}}{"C107188":{"preferredName":"Mucoadhesive Paclitaxel Formulation","code":"C107188","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, mucoadhesive lipid preparation consisting of paclitaxel, a compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia, in a formulation that is comprised of a mixture of monoolein, tricarprylin, and Tween 80, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DHP107 forms droplets and micelles in the intestine; these adhere to mucoepithelial cells in the gastrointestinal tract and are absorbed through lipid-based uptake mechanisms. Upon absorption, paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, which results in the inhibition of both microtubule depolymerization and cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis by both binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein B-cell Leukemia 2 (Bcl-2).The mucoadhesive paclitaxel formulation does not contain P-glycoprotein inhibitors, the solvent cremophor or any other toxic solvent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DHP107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucoadhesive Paclitaxel Formulation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mucoadhesive Paclitaxel Formulation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL449448"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750455"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750455"}]}}{"C101786":{"preferredName":"Multi-AGC Kinase Inhibitor AT13148","code":"C101786","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of AGC group kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. AT13148 inhibits, in an ATP-competitive manner, the enzymatic activity of two AGC kinases, protein kinase B (PKB or AKT) and p70S6K which play key roles in the PI3K/PKB/mTOR signaling pathway. Blockade of this pathway leads to an inhibition of cell growth and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. PI3K/PKB/mTOR pathway is dysregulated in greater than 50% of tumors, and is often correlated with resistance and increased tumor survival. AGC group kinases are serine/threonine kinases that are regulated by secondary messengers such as cyclic AMP and lipids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AT13148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-AGC Kinase Inhibitor AT13148","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640215"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732857"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732857"}]}}{"C128898":{"preferredName":"Multi-epitope Anti-folate Receptor Peptide Vaccine TPIV 200","code":"C128898","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine containing five immunogenic peptide epitopes of the human folate receptor 1 (FOLR1; FR-alpha), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, multi-epitope anti-folate receptor peptide vaccine TPIV 200 may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against FR-alpha-overexpressing tumor cells. FR-alpha is a high-affinity folate-binding protein and a member of the folate receptor family; this receptor is overexpressed in various cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multi-epitope Anti-folate Receptor Peptide Vaccine TPIV 200","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multi-epitope Anti-folate Receptor Peptide Vaccine TPIV 200","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPIV 200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPIV 200 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPIV-200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPIV200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPIV200/huFR-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512164"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782632"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782632"}]}}{"C165292":{"preferredName":"Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine H2NVAC","code":"C165292","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine containing four immunogenic epitopes derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; HER-2; ErbB2; Neu), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, multi-epitope HER2 peptide vaccine H2NVAC may induce a helper T-cell mediated immune response against HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in long-term immunopotentiation against HER2-expressing tumor cells by increasing the helper T-cell response. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor for epidermal growth factor (EGF), is overexpressed in various cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H2NVAC","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 Peptide Vaccine H2NVAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 Specific Helper T-cell Epitope Vaccine H2NVAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine H2NVAC","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine H2NVAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978527"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799763"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799763"}]}}{"C124054":{"preferredName":"Multi-glioblastoma-peptide-targeting Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine ICT-107","code":"C124054","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with six synthetic glioblastoma (GBM) peptides: absent in melanoma 2 (AIM-2), melanoma-associated antigen 1 (MAGE-1), tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2), glycoprotein 100 (gp100), epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2 (IL-13Ra2), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Mononuclear cells obtained via leukapheresis are differentiated into DCs, and pulsed with the GBM-associated peptides. Upon administration, multi-glioblastoma-peptide-targeting autologous DC vaccine ICT-107 exposes the immune system to GBM-associated antigens, which activates a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GBM cells. This leads to GBM cell lysis. The six peptides are derived from tumor associated antigens (TAA) expressed on GBM cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs). GBM stem-like cells contain a specific range of antigens that are essential for the neoplastic growth and survival of GBM cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ICT-107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-glioblastoma-peptide-pulsed Autologous DC Vaccine ICT-107","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-glioblastoma-peptide-targeting Autologous DC Vaccine ICT-107","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-glioblastoma-peptide-targeting Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine ICT-107","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multi-glioblastoma-peptide-targeting Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine ICT-107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498408"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776267"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776267"}]}}{"C162676":{"preferredName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor TPX-0022","code":"C162676","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, multi-targeted kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, multi-kinase inhibitor TPX-0022 binds to and inhibits three tyrosine kinases that are often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, including MET (c-Met; hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) , Src, and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; C-FMS; CD115; macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor; M-CSFR) thereby disrupting their respective signaling pathways. MET, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and in tumor angiogenesis. Src, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, motility, invasiveness and survival. CSF1R is a cell-surface receptor for colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1); this receptor tyrosine kinase is overexpressed by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and plays a major role in both immune suppression and the induction of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MET/Src/CSF1R Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TPX-0022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor TPX-0022","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor TPX-0022","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor TPX-0022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPX 0022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPX-0022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPX0022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973112"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798966"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798966"}]}}{"C161598":{"preferredName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor XL092","code":"C161598","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, multi-kinase inhibitor XL092 strongly binds to and inhibits several RTKs that are often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, including hepatocyte growth factor receptor (proto-oncogene c-Met) and certain vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) subtypes. This may result in an inhibition of both tumor growth and angiogenesis, and eventually lead to tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor XL092","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor XL092","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL 092","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-092","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL092","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970131"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798432"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798432"}]}}{"C164211":{"preferredName":"Multi-mode Kinase Inhibitor EOC317","code":"C164211","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule, multi-mode kinase inhibitor (MMKI), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MMKI EOC317 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of a variety of kinases, such as phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), and the receptor tyrosine kinases, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), angiopoietin-1 receptor (TIE 2), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). This inhibition may result in an induction of apoptosis of susceptible tumors cells in which these kinases are overexpressed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACTB-1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDP317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EOC 317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EOC-317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EOC317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-mode Kinase Inhibitor EOC317","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONC201MMKI EOC317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urea, N-[4-[4-amino-6-(methoxymethyl)-7-(4-morpholinylmethyl)pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-5-yl]-2-fluorophenyl]-N'-[2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977499"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"939805-30-8"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799401"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799401"}]}}{"C26645":{"preferredName":"Multi-neo-epitope Vaccine OSE 2101","code":"C26645","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called cancer vaccines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A proprietary cancer DNA vaccine that contains multiple natural and modified epitopes derived from the four tumor associated antigens, CEA, HER2/neu, p53, and MAGE 2/3. EP-2101 also includes CAP1-6D, a heteroclitic CEA analog, and PADRE, a proprietary universal T-cell epitope that serves to enhance the immunogenicity of the epitopes. This agent has been shown to elicit cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses against tumor cells expressing these multiple epitopes. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EP-2101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP-2101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"EP2101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDM2101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-neo-epitope Vaccine OSE 2101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSE-2101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tedopi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2606659"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"301640"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"301640"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"EP-2101"}]}}{"C101260":{"preferredName":"Multifunctional/Multitargeted Anticancer Agent OMN54","code":"C101260","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, multivalent herbal formulation containing a novel mixture of whole extracts from three commonly used Chinese medicinal herbs Ganoderma lucidum (lingzhi mushroom), Salvia miltiorrhiza (Chinese sage, or danshen) and Scutellaria barbata (ban zhi lian), with potential immunomodulating, antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antiviral activities. Although the exact mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated due to the complexity of the multiple phytochemicals, multifunctional/multitargeted anticancer agent OMN54 appears to work in an additive and synergistic manner by acting on a variety of signaling pathways and on multiple targets, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, nuclear factor kappa B, interleukin-1beta, fibroblast growth factor, and epidermal growth factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aneustat","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MFMT OMN54","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multifunctional/Multitargeted Anticancer Agent OMN54","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMN54","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435508"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729454"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729454"}]}}{"C90553":{"preferredName":"Multikinase Inhibitor 4SC-203","code":"C90553","definitions":[{"description":"A multikinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Multikinase inhibitor 4SC-203 selectively inhibits FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3/STK1), FLT3 mutated forms, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs). This may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis and cell proliferation in tumor cells in which these kinases are upregulated. FLT3 (FLK2), a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage and acute myeloid leukemias (AML). VEGFRs, tyrosine kinase receptors, are overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and play key roles in angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4SC-203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor 4SC-203","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416237"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666086"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666086"}]}}{"C66947":{"preferredName":"Multikinase Inhibitor AT9283","code":"C66947","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It blocks enzymes (Aurora kinases) involved in cell division and may kill cancer cells. AT9283 is a type of serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small synthetic molecule and aurora kinase (AK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. AT9283 selectively binds to and inhibits AKs A and B, which are serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis. Inhibition of these kinases results in an inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress AKs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AT9283","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT9283","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Aurora kinase inhibitor AT9283","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor AT9283","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor AT9283","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879521"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"534287"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"534287"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AT9283"}]}}{"C88278":{"preferredName":"Multikinase Inhibitor SAR103168","code":"C88278","definitions":[{"description":"A multikinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, multikinase inhibitor SAR103168 may, through the inhibition of multiple kinases, inhibit the phosphorylation and activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5). STAT5, a protein often upregulated in cancer cells, plays a key role in signal transduction pathways and the suppression of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor SAR103168","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor SAR103168","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR103168","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981800"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656309"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656309"}]}}{"C125692":{"preferredName":"Multipeptide Vaccine S-588210","code":"C125692","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of a combination of the injectable formulations S-488210, which contains the three HLA-A*02:01-restricted peptides up-regulated lung cancer 10 (lymphocyte antigen 6K; LY6K; URLC10), cell division cycle-associated protein 1 (kinetochore protein Nuf2; NUF2; CDCA1) and insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3; KOC1) and S-488211, which contains the two HLA-A*02:01-restricted peptides DEP domain-containing protein 1A (DEPDC1) and M-phase phosphoprotein 1 (kinesin-like protein KIF20B; MPHOSPH1), with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Upon administration, multipeptide vaccine S-588210 may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing KOC1, CDCA1, URLC10, DEPDC1 or MPHOSPH1 peptides, resulting in tumor cell lysis and decreased tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multipeptide Vaccine S-588210","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multipeptide Vaccine S-588210","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-488210/S-488211","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-588210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504368"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778596"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778596"}]}}{"C77866":{"preferredName":"Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor JNJ-26483327","code":"C77866","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, multitargeted reversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor JNJ-26483327 binds to and inhibits several members of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, including EGFR, HER2 and HER4; Src family kinases (Lyn, Yes, Fyn, Lck and Src); and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 3 (VEGFR3). By inhibiting several different signaling molecules that play crucial roles at various stages in tumorigenesis, this agent may inhibit tumor growth, invasion, migration and metastasis. In addition, JNJ-26483327 crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ-26483327","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor JNJ-26483327","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TKI JNJ-26483327","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713088"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596693"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596693"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Multitargeted_Kinase_Inhibitor_JNJ-26483327"}]}}{"C38690":{"preferredName":"Muparfostat","code":"C38690","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antiangiogenesis agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mixture of highly sulfated, monophosphorylated mannose oligosaccharides, derived from the extracellular phosphomannan of the yeast Pichia (Hansenula) holstii, with potential antiangiogenic activity. Muparfostat inhibits the endo-beta-D-glucuronidase heparanase, which may interfere with the heparanase-mediated degradation of heparan-sulfate proteoglycans in extracellular matrices, an important step in the metastatic process. This agent may also bind with high affinity to the heparan sulfate-binding domains of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factors 1 and 2, thereby reducing their functional activities and inhibiting VEGF and FGF stimulation of tumor angiogenesis. Increased heparanase activity has been implicated in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-O-(dihydrogen Phosphate)-2,3,4-tris-O-(hydrogen Sulfate)-alpha-d-mannopyranosyl-(1->poly(3)-2,4,6-tris-O-(hydrogen Sulfate)-alpha-d-mannopyranosyl-(1->)2)-1,3,4,6-tetrakis-O-(hydrogen Sulfate)-d-mannopyranose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUPARFOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Muparfostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Muparfostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI 88","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI-88","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI-88","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Phosphomannopentose Sulfate PI-88","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulfated Phosphomanno-oligosaccharide PI-88","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-D-Mannan, (1->3)-, 6-(Dihydrogen Phosphate) Tris(Hydrogen Sulfate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0769628"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Malignant melanoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P2BKS6T40H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"339562"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"339562"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PI-88"}]}}{"C2234":{"preferredName":"Mureletecan","code":"C2234","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble prodrug, consisting of camptothecin covalently linked to polymeric backbone methacryloylglycynamide, with potential antineoplastic activity. After entering tumor cells, the active moiety camptothecin is slowly released from mureletecan via hydrolysis of the ester linkage. Camptothecin, an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, binds to and stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex. This inhibits the religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-stranded DNA breaks and produces potentially lethal double-stranded DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery, resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication and apoptosis. Compared to camtpothecin, this prodrug formulation increases camptothecin drug delivery to the tumor site while reducing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAG-CPT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAG-Camptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MURELETECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mureletecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU 166148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU 166148","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PNU166148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527216"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"246527-99-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TTJ03QI76T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43584"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43584"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PNU_166148"}]}}{"C148134":{"preferredName":"Mutant IDH1 Inhibitor DS-1001","code":"C148134","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1; IDH-1; IDH1 [NADP+] soluble) mutant forms, including substitution mutations at the arginine in position 132, IDH1(R132) (IDH1-R132), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, mutant IDH-1 inhibitor DS-1001 specifically inhibits certain mutant forms of IDH1, thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells expressing IDH1 mutations. IDH1(R132) mutations are highly expressed in certain malignancies, including gliomas; they initiate and drive cancer growth by both blocking cell differentiation and catalyzing the formation of 2HG. DS-1001 minimally targets and affects wild-type IDH1, which is expressed in normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS 1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-1001b","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mutant IDH1 Inhibitor DS-1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mutant Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Type 1 Inhibitor DS-1001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550810"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792460"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792460"}]}}{"C121951":{"preferredName":"Mutant p53 Activator COTI-2","code":"C121951","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available third generation thiosemicarbazone and activator of mutant forms of the p53 protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mutant p53 activator COTI-2 targets and binds to the misfolded mutant forms of the p53 protein, which induces a conformational change that normalizes p53 and restores its activity. This induces apoptosis in tumor cells in which the p53 protein is mutated. In addition, COTI-2 inhibits the activation of Akt2 and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby inducing apoptosis in cancer cells in which this pathway is overexpressed. p53, a tumor suppressor protein, plays a key role in controlling cellular proliferation and survival. High levels of mutant p53 are seen in many cancers and are associated with uncontrolled cellular growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COTI2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coti-2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mutant p53 Activator COTI-2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mutant p53 Activator COTI-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053651"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772024"}]}}{"C119624":{"preferredName":"Mutant-selective EGFR Inhibitor PF-06459988","code":"C119624","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule, third-generation, irreversible inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant (EGFRm) forms with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR inhibitor PF-06459988 specifically binds to and inhibits mutant forms of EGFR, including the secondary acquired resistance mutation T790M, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFRm-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, PF-06459988 may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance. This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type EGFR (WT EGFR), and does not cause dose-limiting toxicities that are seen with the use of non-selective EGFR inhibitors, which also inhibit WT EGFR. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mutant-selective EGFR Inhibitor PF-06459988","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06459988","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896788"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766942"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766942"}]}}{"C162806":{"preferredName":"MVA Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine MVA-209-FSP","code":"C162806","definitions":[{"description":"An off-the-shelf neoantigen boosting vaccine comprised of a modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) encoding tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs) derived from the same as of yet undisclosed frameshift peptides (FSPs) targeted by the priming vaccine, great ape adenoviral tumor-specific neoantigen priming vaccine GAd-209-FSP, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Following intramuscular administration of the priming vaccine GAd-209-FSP, the booster MVA tumor-specific neoantigen boosting vaccine MVA-209-FSP may serve to further expand and improve the phenotyping of antigen-specific T-cells targeted to the tumor cells expressing the TSNAs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MVA Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine MVA-209-FSP","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MVA Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine MVA-209-FSP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-209-FSP","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Vaccinia Ankara Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine MVA-209-FSP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine MVA-209-FSP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973172"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800851"}]}}{"C88279":{"preferredName":"MVA-FCU1 TG4023","code":"C88279","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding the suicide gene FCU1 with potential antineoplastic activity. FCU1 is a bifunctional yeast cytosine deaminase (CD) / uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (UPRT) fusion gene. Upon intratumoral administration, MVA-FCU1TG4023 enters tumor cells where FCU1 is expressed. Subsequently, the noncytotoxic prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) is administered systemically and is deaminated by CD in FCU1- transduced tumor cells into 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), which is then directly metabolized to 5-fluoro-uridine monophosphate (5-FUMP) by UPRT; 5-FUMP may then be further transformed to 5-fluoro-deoxyuridine monophosphate (5-FdUMP), an irreversible inhibitor of thymidylate synthase and, so, DNA synthesis through deprivation of deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP). 5-FU and its active metabolites may then selectively kill tumor cells, avoiding toxicity in nonmalignant cells. The MVA viral vector, derived from the replication-competent strain Ankara, is a highly attenuated, replication-defective vaccinia strain incapable of virion assembly.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MVA-FCU1 TG4023","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Ankara Virus-Mediated Suicide Gene Delivery Vector TG4023","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG4023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412469"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656523"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656523"}]}}{"C123382":{"preferredName":"MVX-1-loaded Macrocapsule/autologous Tumor Cell Vaccine MVX-ONCO-1","code":"C123382","definitions":[{"description":"A two-component, anti-cancer vaccine containing irradiated tumor cells from a patient, and a capsule implanted with a genetically modified allogeneic cell line that continuously releases granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immune-protective and -boosting activities. Upon subcutaneous injection of MVX-1-loaded macrocapsule/autologous tumor cell vaccine MVX-ONCO-1, the GM-CSF-secreting allogeneic cell capsules and the autologous irradiated cells isolated from the patient's tumor are co-localized in the patient's tissue. This permits the production of GM-CSF and exposes the immune system to the tumor-associated antigens (TAA) expressed by the autologous tumor cells at the injection site. Local expression of GM-CSF recruits and activates antigen-presenting cells (APC), which induces both antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses at the site of the injection and systemically. This may lead to tumor regression. By using the patient's own irradiated cancer cells as vaccine antigens, the patient's immune system is exposed to the entire repertoire of this individual's TAAs. The encapsulated cell technology (ECT) of GM-CSF-secreting allogeneic cell capsules ensures the continuous release of GM-CSF. GM-CSF, a monomeric glycoprotein that functions as a cytokine, is a strong immune booster and plays an important role in the activation of immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MVX-1-loaded Macrocapsule/autologous Tumor Cell Vaccine MVX-ONCO-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVX-ONCO-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474106"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763210"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763210"}]}}{"C115108":{"preferredName":"MYC-targeting siRNA DCR-MYC","code":"C115108","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid nanoparticle-based formulation consisting of small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against the oncogene c-Myc encapsulated in lipids with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of MYC-targeting siRNA DCR-MYC, the lipid formulation promotes the uptake by tumor cells where the siRNAs moieties are subsequently released. The siRNAs bind to c-Myc mRNAs, which may result in the inhibition of translation and expression of the c-Myc protein and leads to growth inhibition for tumor cells that are overexpressing c-Myc. c-Myc, a proto-oncogene overexpressed in a variety of cancers, is involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DCR-M1711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCR-MYC","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MYC-targeting siRNA DCR-MYC","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MYC-targeting siRNA DCR-MYC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472639"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759983"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759983"}]}}{"C118445":{"preferredName":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis Arabinomannan Z-100","code":"C118445","definitions":[{"description":"An extract from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) containing the polysaccharide arabinomannan, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration of M. tuberculosis arabinomannan Z-100, this agent may activate the immune system by increasing the expression of various cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFNg) and interleukin-12. This inhibits the activity of suppressor T-cells, increases T helper 1 cell (Th1) activity and may restore the balance between Th1/Th2 cells. Additionally, Z-100 may inhibit metastasis and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis Arabinomannan Z-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0149256"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764997"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764997"}]}}{"C70969":{"preferredName":"Mycobacterium w","code":"C70969","definitions":[{"description":"An attenuated strain of Mycobacterium w, a non-pathogenic, rapidly growing, atypical mycobacterium, with non-specific immunopotentiating properties. In addition to sharing a number of common B and T cell determinants with Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium w (Mw) also shares an immunogenic determinant with prostate specific antigen (PSA). In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that heat-killed Mw can induce significant T-cell responses. This agent may induce host T-cell responses against tumor cells expressing PSA. PSA is a glycoprotein secreted by prostatic epithelial and ductal cells and may be overexpressed in prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immuvac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium w","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL375836"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"571076"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"571076"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mycobacterium_w"}]}}{"C673":{"preferredName":"Mycophenolic Acid","code":"C673","definitions":[{"description":"An antineoplastic antibiotic derived from various Penicillium fungal species. Mycophenolic acid is an active metabolite of the prodrug mycophenolate mofetil. Mycophenolic acid inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), preventing the formation of guanosine monophosphate and synthesis of lymphocyte DNA that results in inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation, antibody production, cellular adhesion, and migration of T and B lymphocytes. Mycophenolic acid also has antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Hexenoic acid, 6-(1,3-dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-5-isobenzofuranyl)-4-methyl-, (E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Hexenoic acid, 6-(4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-5-phthalanyl)-4-methyl-, (E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acide mycophenolique","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acido micofenolico","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acidum mycophenolicum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lilly-68618","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ly 68618","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MYCOPHENOLIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mycophenolic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mycophenolic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Mycophenolic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myfortic","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"129185"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026933"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"483-60-3"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"24280-93-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Prophylaxis of organ rejection after allogenic renal; cardiac; or hepatic transplants; psoriasis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HU9DX48N0T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732227"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732227"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H20O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mycophenolic_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:168396"}]}}{"C44168":{"preferredName":"N-(5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl)-N-(4-(4-pyridinyl)oxyphenyl) Urea","code":"C44168","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available isoxazole urea with potential anti-tumor activity. In preclinical trials, N-(5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl)-N-(4-(4-pyridinyl)oxyphenyl)urea inhibited raf kinase, an enzyme capable of reversing the phenotype of ras-transformed cells and blocking tumor growth. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N-(5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl)-N-(4-(4-pyridinyl)oxyphenyl) Urea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl)-N-(4-(4-pyridinyl)oxyphenyl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1517613"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"N-_5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl_-N-_4-_4-pyridinyl_oxyphenyl_-Urea"}]}}{"C1163":{"preferredName":"N-Methylformamide","code":"C1163","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble organic solvent. As an adjuvant antineoplastic agent, N-methylformamide depletes cellular glutathione, a key molecule involved in the antioxidation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other free radicals, thereby enhancing ionizing radiation-induced DNA cross-linking in and terminal differentiation of tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EK 7011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EK 7011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Formamide, N-methyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monomethylformamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-METHYLFORMAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"N-Methylformamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"N-Methylformamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Methylformamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"NMF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X 188","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X 188","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"formylmethylamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monomethylformamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"3051"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0066373"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123-39-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XPE4G7Y986"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39511"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39511"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C2H5NO"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"N-Methylformamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7438"}]}}{"C2084":{"preferredName":"N,N-Dibenzyl Daunomycin","code":"C2084","definitions":[{"description":"The N-alkylated analogue of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunomycin. N,N-Dibenzyl Daunomycin interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and promoting DNA fragmentation. This agent is less cardiotoxic than daunomycin. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N,N-Dibenzyl Daunomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-dibenzyl daunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-dibenzyldaunomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N-dibenzyldaunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0067345"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"N_N-Dibenzyl_Daunomycin"}]}}{"C37450":{"preferredName":"NA17-A Antigen","code":"C37450","definitions":[{"description":"A specific melanoma antigen protein derived from a patient (NA17) with cutaneous melanoma metastases. When administered in a vaccine formulation, NA17-A antigen may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumors that express this antigen, which may result in a reduction in tumor size. The NA17-A antigen is part of the enzyme N-acetyl glucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V). Approximately half of melanomas have been found to express significant levels of this atypical protein, which is not expressed by normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NA17-A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NA17-A Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134655"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38647"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38647"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"NA17-A_Antigen"}]}}{"C2680":{"preferredName":"NA17.A2 Peptide Vaccine","code":"C2680","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of human leukocyte antigen HLA-A2-restricted peptide derived from a metastatic melanoma cell line of patient NA17, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. NA17.A2 peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumors that express this antigen, which may result in a reduction in tumor size. This NA17 specific antigen, encoded by an intron sequence of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) gene, is expressed in about 50% of melanomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NA17.A2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NA17.A2 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"NA17.A2 Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL423775"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685201"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685201"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"NA17_A2_Antigen"}]}}{"C2688":{"preferredName":"Nab-paclitaxel","code":"C2688","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat breast cancer that has spread or that has come back within 6 months after chemotherapy. It is also being studied in the treatment of newly diagnosed breast cancer and other types of cancer. ABI-007 is a type of mitotic inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A Cremophor EL-free, albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation of the natural taxane paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes microtubules, preventing their depolymerization and so inhibiting cellular motility, mitosis, and replication. This formulation solubilizes paclitaxel without the use of the solvent Cremophor, thereby permitting the administration of larger doses of paclitaxel while avoiding the toxic effects associated with Cremophor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABI 007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABI-007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABI-007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Abraxane","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abraxane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Albumin-Stabilized Nanoparticle Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Albumin-bound Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nab-paclitaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nab-paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-bound Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Albumin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein-bound Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nanoparticle paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"protein-bound paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"736631"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134696"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38690"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38690"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ABI-007"}]}}{"C131213":{"preferredName":"Nab-paclitaxel/Rituximab-coated Nanoparticle AR160","code":"C131213","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation composed of nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) paclitaxel, which is an albumin-stabilized nanoparticle containing the natural taxane paclitaxel, non-covalently coated with rituximab, a recombinant chimeric murine/human antibody directed against the CD20 antigen found on B-lymphocytes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of nab-paclitaxel/rituximab nanoparticle AR160, the rituximab moiety specifically binds to CD20 and targets this formulation to CD20-positive tumor cells. Paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes microtubules, which prevents depolymerization and inhibits cellular motility, mitosis, and replication. This leads to cell death of the CD20-expressing tumor cells that were targeted by this agent. The combination of albumin-stabilization and rituximab-targeting allows for higher efficacy and decreased paclitaxel-induced toxicity as it specifically targets CD20-expressing tumor cells. Rituximab may also induce complement-dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR160","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abraxane Coated with Rituximab 160nm Nanoparticle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abraxane coated with Rituximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abraxane/Rituxan 160 Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nab-paclitaxel/Rituximab-coated Nanoparticle AR160","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nab-paclitaxel/Rituximab-coated Nanoparticle AR160","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nab-paclitaxel/Rituximab-coated Nanoparticle AR160","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514179"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786023"}]}}{"C71011":{"preferredName":"Nadofaragene Firadenovec","code":"C71011","definitions":[{"description":"A replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus encoding human interferon alpha-2b with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical administration, nadofaragene firadenovec infects nearby tumor cells and expresses INF alpha-2b intracellularly which activates the transcription and translation of genes whose products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, antitumor, and immune-modulating effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Instiladrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NADOFARAGENE FIRADENOVEC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nadofaragene Firadenovec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nadofaragene Firadenovec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Adenovirus-Interferon SCH 721015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 721015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rAd-IFN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rAd-IFN-2b","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376219"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1823059-12-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0OOS09O1FH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573538"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573538"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_Adenovirus-Interferon_SCH_721015"}]}}{"C83981":{"preferredName":"Namirotene","code":"C83981","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic analogue of retinoic acid with differentiation inducing and potential antineoplastic activities. Like other retinoic acid agents, namirotene binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NAMIROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Namirotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827271"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"101506-83-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1FG8FGL0YI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H18O2S"}]}}{"C79826":{"preferredName":"Namodenoson","code":"C79826","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, synthetic, highly selective adenosine A3 receptor (A3AR) agonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Namodenoson selectively binds to and activates the cell surface-expressed A3AR, deregulating Wnt and NF-kB signal transduction pathways downstream, which may result in apoptosis of A3AR-expressing tumor cells. A3AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and plays an important role in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Chloro-N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-N-methyluronamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Cl-IB-MECA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A3AdR Agonist CF102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine Receptor A3 Agonist CF102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-Ibza-MU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CF102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAMODENOSON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Namodenoson","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta-D-Ribofuranuronamide, 1-(2-Chloro-6-(((3-iodophenyl)methyl)amino)-9H-purin-9-yl)-1-deoxy-N-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0289969"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"163042-96-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z07JR07J6C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626663"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626663"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenosine_A3_Receptor_Agonist_CF102"}]}}{"C162742":{"preferredName":"NAMPT Inhibitor OT-82","code":"C162742","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-synthesizing enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT; NAMPRTase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, NAMPT inhibitor OT-82 binds to and inhibits the activity of NAMPT. This depletes cellular NAD and inhibits NAD-dependent enzymes, both of which are needed for rapid cell proliferation; this results in cell death in NAMPT-overexpressing cancer cells. NAMPT, an enzyme that is responsible for maintaining the intracellular NAD pool, plays a key role in the regulation of cellular metabolism and has cytokine-like activities. NAMPT is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and metabolic disorders; tumor cells rely on NAMPT activity for their NAD supply.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NAMPT Inhibitor OT-82","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"NAMPT Inhibitor OT-82","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAMPTi OT-82","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Inhibitor OT-82","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OT 82","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OT-82","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OT82","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973230"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798968"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798968"}]}}{"C72594":{"preferredName":"Nanafrocin","code":"C72594","definitions":[{"description":"A quinone antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces rosa var. notoensis with activity against gram-positive bacteria, mycoplasmas and fungi. Within an organism, nanaomycin A is first reduced by flavin or NADH dehydrogenase then rapidly autooxidized leading to the production of singlet molecular oxygen (O2-). The increase in intracellular O2- results in inhibition of DNA, RNA and cell-wall peptidoglycan synthesis. Further, nanaomycin A may have antineoplastic properties resulting from a reduction in DNA methylation by inhibiting DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B) and reactivating the tumor suppressor gene RASSF1A.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,3R)-3,4,5,10-Tetrahydro-9-hydroxy-1-methyl-5,10-dioxo-1H-naphtho[2,3-c]pyran-3-acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NANAFROCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nanafrocin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanaomycin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OS 3966-A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0068391"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52934-83-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8XBV72641V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H14O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nanafrocin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:48202"}]}}{"C78475":{"preferredName":"Nanatinostat","code":"C78475","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, second-generation hydroxamic acid-based inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Nanatinostat targets and inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes; these events result in the inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may upregulate HSP70 and downregulate anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins more substantially than some first-generation HDAC inhibitors. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor cell types, are a family of metalloenzymes responsible for the deacetylation of chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Pyrimidinecarboxamide, 2-((1Alpha,5alpha,6alpha)-6-(((6-fluoro-2-quinolinyl)methyl)amino)-3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hex-3-yl)-N-hydroxy-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHR 3996","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHR-3996","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor VRx-3996","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor VRx-3996","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NANATINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nanatinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VRx 3996","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VRx-3996","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VRx3996","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10911","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703120"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1235859-13-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YTL7A418KQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600512"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600512"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HDAC_Inhibitor_CHR-3996"}]}}{"C121214":{"preferredName":"Nanocell-encapsulated miR-16-based microRNA Mimic","code":"C121214","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation composed of a microRNA 16 (miR-16) mimic, a double-stranded, 23 base pair, synthetic RNA molecule, encapsulated in nonliving bacterial minicells and coated with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration and subsequent transfection, nanocell-encapsulated miR-16-based microRNA mimic targets EGFR-expressing tumor cells and facilitates the restoration of expression of the miR-16 family. This leads to the downregulation of the expression of tumor promoting genes and the inhibition of tumor cell growth. In addition, restoration of miR-16 expression sensitizes the tumor cell to certain chemotherapeutic agents. miR-16, a family of microRNAs, is critical to the regulation of gene expression and appears to have a tumor suppressor function; its expression is downregulated in various cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nanocell-encapsulated miR-16-based microRNA Mimic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TargomiRs","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4054425"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769608"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769608"}]}}{"C71696":{"preferredName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Docetaxel","code":"C71696","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle albumin-bound formulation of the taxane docetaxel with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel is a semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane derived from a compound found in the European yew tree Taxus baccata. Docetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and displays immunomodulatory and pro-inflammatory properties by inducing various mediators of the inflammatory response. This nanoparticle albumin-bound formulation solubilizes docetaxel without the use of the nonionic solubilizer Cremophor ELP, permitting the administration of larger doses of docetaxel while avoiding Cremophor ELP-associated toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABI-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nab-Docetaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Docetaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Docetaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376119"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"557567"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"557567"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nanoparticle_Albumin-Bound_Docetaxel"}]}}{"C74065":{"preferredName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Rapamycin","code":"C74065","definitions":[{"description":"The macrolide antibiotic rapamycin bound to nanoparticle albumin with immunosuppressant (see sirolimus) and potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Rapamycin binds to the immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate a complex that binds to and inhibits the activation of the mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR), a key regulatory kinase. In turn, inhibition of mTOR may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI-3) kinase/Akt pathway and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) secretion, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. The binding of water-insoluble rapamycin to nanoparticle albumin permits the albumin-mediated endocytosis of rapamycin by tumor cells and endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABI-009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nab-Rapamycin","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Rapamycin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Rapamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383470"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583541"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583541"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nanoparticle_Albumin-Bound_Rapamycin"}]}}{"C116890":{"preferredName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-bound Thiocolchicine Dimer nab-5404","code":"C116890","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle albumin-bound formulation of a thiocolchicine dimer, an inhibitor of both microtubule and topoisomerase I (TOP1), with antineoplastic and vascular disrupting activities. Upon administration of nanoparticle albumin-bound thiocolchicine dimer nab-5404, this agent binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which blocks mitotic spindle formation and leads to cell cycle arrest and tumor endothelial cell apoptosis. This disrupts the tumor vasculature and leads to tumor necrosis. In addition, nab-5404 binds to topoisomerase I (TOPI) and inhibits its activity. This results in the inhibition of the repair of single-strand DNA breaks, DNA replication, and tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cell populations. The nanoparticle albumin-based formulation permits the albumin-mediated endocytosis of the thiocolchicine dimer by tumor cells and endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABI-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDN 5404","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NTB-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-bound Thiocolchicine Dimer nab-5404","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Albumin-bound Thiocolchicine Dimer nab-5404","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nab-5404","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nab-Thiocolchicine Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421664"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"682217"}]}}{"C146821":{"preferredName":"Nanoparticle Paclitaxel Ointment SOR007","code":"C146821","definitions":[{"description":"A topical ointment composed of the water-insoluble taxane paclitaxel that has been processed to form uncoated nanoparticles, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration of nanoparticle paclitaxel ointment SOR007 to the affected area, and following epithelial and dermal penetration, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, which leads to the inhibition of cell division, thereby halting the proliferation of rapidly-dividing tumor cells. The nanoparticles in the nanoparticle paclitaxel ointment are produced through a specific proprietary submicron particle production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NanoPac Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanopartcle Paclitaxel SOR007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Paclitaxel Ointment SOR007","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle Paclitaxel Ointment SOR007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOR007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOR007 Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topical Nanoparticle Paclitaxel Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uncoated Nanoparticle Paclitaxel Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544868"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792258"}]}}{"C118648":{"preferredName":"Nanoparticle-based Paclitaxel Suspension","code":"C118648","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based suspension containing the water-insoluble taxane paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal administration, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, which leads to the inhibition of cell division. The nanoparticle-based formulation is devoid of toxic solvents, such as cremophor; therefore, this agent has fewer side effects than the standard, solvent-based paclitaxel formulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nanoparticle-based Paclitaxel Suspension","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle-based Paclitaxel Suspension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanotax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3898158"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C102875":{"preferredName":"Nanoparticle-encapsulated Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C102875","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of nanoparticles encapsulating the hydrochloride salt form of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, doxorubicin intercalates DNA, interferes with the activity of topoisomerase II, and causes DNA adducts and other DNA damage, resulting in tumor cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. This agent also interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. Delivery of doxorubicin in nanoparticles may improve drug penetration into tumors and may circumvent the tumor cells multidrug resistance mechanisms and may therefore be effective in chemoresistant tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BA-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin Transdrug","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Livatag","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle-encapsulated Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437178"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738259"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738259"}]}}{"C157499":{"preferredName":"Nanoscale Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles CPI-100","code":"C157499","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of self-assembled core-shell nanoscale coordination polymer (NCP) nanoparticles containing an as of yet undisclosed payload with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, NCP nanoparticle formulation CPI-100 delivers its payload to tumor cells, which may lead to enhanced immune-mediated killing and regression of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPI 100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCP Nanoparticles CPI-100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoscale Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles CPI-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nanoscale Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles CPI-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937066"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796802"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796802"}]}}{"C111570":{"preferredName":"Nanosomal Docetaxel Lipid Suspension","code":"C111570","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid-based nanosomal formulation of the poorly soluble, semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane docetaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous injection, docetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, which inhibits microtubule disassembly and results in both cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This liposomal formulation solubilizes docetaxel without the use of toxic solvents, such as polysorbate 80. This permits the administration of larger doses of docetaxel and improves the drug's safety profile by avoiding solvent-associated toxicities, such as hypersensitivity reactions and neurotoxicity. In addition, the nanosomal lipid-based delivery of docetaxel improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, all of which prolong the duration of docetaxel's therapeutic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DTX-LNS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NDLS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanosomal Docetaxel Lipid Suspension","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nanosomal Docetaxel Lipid Suspension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL453978"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752055"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752055"}]}}{"C96429":{"preferredName":"Napabucasin","code":"C96429","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available cancer cell stemness inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Even though the exact target has yet to be fully elucidated, napabucasin appears to target and inhibit multiple pathways involved in cancer cell stemness. This may ultimately inhibit cancer stemness cell (CSC) growth as well as heterogeneous cancer cell growth. CSCs, self-replicating cells that are able to differentiate into heterogeneous cancer cells, appear to be responsible for the malignant growth, recurrence and resistance to conventional chemotherapies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Acetylnaphtho(2,3-b)furan-4,9-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB608","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBI-608","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBI608","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAPABUCASIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Napabucasin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Napabucasin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429115"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83280-65-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z1HHM49K7O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698351"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698351"}]}}{"C102850":{"preferredName":"Naphthalimide Analogue UNBS5162","code":"C102850","definitions":[{"description":"An amonafide (naphthalimide) derivative and pan-antagonist of chemokine ligand (CXCL) expression, with potential anti-angiogenic activity. Although UNBS5162 is a derivative of amonafide, this agent appears to have a different profile to that of amonafide and its exact mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated. This agent seems to decrease the expression of various proangiogenic CXCL chemokines in vitro and may have synergistic effects with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. CXCLs are small cytokines in the CXC chemokine family that are overexpressed in certain cancers; CXCL-mediated signaling plays a key role in angiogenesis and tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Naphthalimide Analogue UNBS5162","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Naphthalimide Analogue UNBS5162","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UNBS5162","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2603824"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"956590-23-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737303"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737303"}]}}{"C95789":{"preferredName":"Naptumomab Estafenatox","code":"C95789","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fusion protein consisting of the antigen-binding fragment of a monoclonal antibody directed towards the tumor-associated oncofetal trophoblast glycoprotein antigen 5T4 attached to a mutated form of superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin E (SEA/E-120), with immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The Fab moiety of naptumomab estafenatox binds to 5T4, an antigen expressed by various tumor cells. In turn, the superantigen binds to both major histocompatibility complex class II molecules and to the T-cell receptor beta chain, which results in a massive activation of T lymphocytes and induces a potent T-cell-mediated killing of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABR-217620","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAPTUMOMAB ESTAFENATOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Naptumomab Estafenatox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742795"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"676258-98-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"93T929W6LC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355730"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355730"}]}}{"C115110":{"preferredName":"Naquotinib","code":"C115110","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, irreversible, third-generation, mutant-selective, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ASP8273 covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of mutant forms of EGFR, including the T790M EGFR mutant, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. ASP8273 preferentially inhibits mutated forms of EGFR including T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, and may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated resistance when compared to other EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. As this agent is selective towards mutant forms of EGFR, its toxicity profile may be reduced as compared to non-selective EGFR inhibitors which also inhibit wild-type EGFR.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyrazinecarboxamide, 6-Ethyl-3-((4-(4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-piperidinyl)phenyl)amino)-5-(((3R)-1-(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)-3-pyrrolidinyl)oxy)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP8273","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAQUOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Naquotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472641"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1448232-80-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"47DD4548PB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760029"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760029"}]}}{"C91382":{"preferredName":"Narnatumab","code":"C91382","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody against RON (recepteur d'origine nantais; macrophage stimulating 1 receptor), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-RON monoclonal antibody IMC-RON8 binds to RON, thereby preventing binding of its ligand hepatocyte growth factor-like protein (HGFL or macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP)). This may prevent RON receptor-mediated signaling and may prevent cellular proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing RON. RON, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed in a variety of epithelial cancer cell types and plays an important role in cellular proliferation, migration and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-RON Monoclonal Antibody IMC-RON8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-RON8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NARNATUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Narnatumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Narnatumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421584"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1188275-92-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R42YK40U9M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673714"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673714"}]}}{"C77862":{"preferredName":"Natalizumab","code":"C77862","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized recombinant IgG4 monoclonal antibody directed against the alpha4 subunit of the integrins alpha4beta1and alpha4beta7 with immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, and potential antineoplastic activities. Natalizumab binds to the alpha4-subunit of alpha4beta1 and alpha4beta7 integrins expressed on the surface of all leukocytes except neutrophils, inhibiting the alpha4-mediated adhesion of leukocytes to counter-receptor(s) such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1); natalizumab-mediated disruption of VCAM-1 binding by these integrins may prevent the transmigration of leukocytes across the endothelium into inflamed parenchymal tissue. Integrins are cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs) that are upregulated in various types of cancer and some autoimmune diseases; alpha4beta1 integrin (VLA4) has been implicated in the survival of myeloma cells, possibly by mediating their adhesion to stromal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AN100226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antegren","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-VLA4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-alph4 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody AN100226","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NATALIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Natalizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Natalizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tysabri","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1172734"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"189261-10-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3JB47N2Q2P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596513"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596513"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Natalizumab"}]}}{"C71159":{"preferredName":"Natural IFN-alpha OPC-18","code":"C71159","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary preparation of natural human interferon alpha (IFN alpha) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Natural human interferon alpha OPC-18 binds to cell-surface IFN alpha receptors (IFNARs), resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, and immune-modulating effects. IFN alpha is a type I interferon produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells when exposed to live or inactivated virus, double-stranded RNA, or bacterial products and is the primary interferon produced by virus-induced leukocyte cultures. In addition to its pronounced antiviral activity, it activates NK cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Natural IFN-alpha OPC-18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OPC-18","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nIFN-alpha OPC-18","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376209"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"571792"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"571792"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Natural_IFN-alpha_OPC-18"}]}}{"C85466":{"preferredName":"Natural Killer Cells ZRx101","code":"C85466","definitions":[{"description":"A population of activated, immortalized, interleukin-2 (IL-2)-dependent, cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells with potential antitumor activity. Natural killer cells ZRx101 are derived from NK-92 cells, having been modified to target tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) upregulated in certain types of cancer. The NK-92 cell line was originally isolated from a patient with large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia/lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NK Cells ZRx101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Natural Killer Cells ZRx101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Natural Killer Cells ZRx101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412341"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643814"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643814"}]}}{"C156730":{"preferredName":"Navarixin","code":"C156730","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule antagonist of the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1; interleukin-8 receptor alpha; IL8RA) and 2 (CXCR2; interleukin-8 receptor beta; IL8RB), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, navarixin binds to and inhibits the activation of CXCR 1 and 2. This inhibits CXCR1/2-mediated signaling, reduces both recruitment and migration of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment (TME), inhibits inflammatory processes and abrogates the immunosuppressive nature of the TME. This allows effector cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), to kill and eliminate cancer cells. This inhibits tumor cell migration, metastasis, angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. CXCR 1 and 2, G protein-coupled receptor proteins located on myeloid cells and certain tumor cells, play key roles in the immunosuppressive nature of the TME, tumor metastasis, therapy-resistance, myeloid cell suppression, and inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Hydroxy-N,N-dimethyl-3-((2-((1R)-1-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)propyl)amine)-3,4- dioxocyclobut-1-enyl)amino)benzamide Monohydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-7123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAVARIXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Navarixin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Navarixin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PS291822","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 527123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935858"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"862464-58-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7V3BY6G538"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795588"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795588"}]}}{"C64776":{"preferredName":"Navitoclax","code":"C64776","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of lymphomas and other types of cancer. It blocks some of the enzymes that keep cancer cells from dying. It is a type of Bcl-2 family inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active, synthetic small molecule and an antagonist of a subset of the B-cell leukemia 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Navitoclax selectively binds to apoptosis suppressor proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Bcl-w, which are frequently overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers, including those of the lymph, breast, lung, prostate, and colon, and are linked to tumor drug resistance. Inhibition of these apoptosis suppressors prevents their binding to the apoptotic effectors Bax and Bak proteins, thereby triggering apoptotic processes in cells overexpressing Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Bcl-w. This eventually reduces tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A-855071.0","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-263","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-263","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BcI-2 Family Protein Inhibitor ABT-263","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAVITOCLAX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Navitoclax","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Navitoclax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"navitoclax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2975395"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"923564-51-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XKJ5VVK2WD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"523413"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"523413"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C47H55ClF3N5O6S3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ABT-263"}]}}{"C113793":{"preferredName":"Navoximod","code":"C113793","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, navoximod targets and binds to IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the essential amino acid tryptophan into kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, this agent increases tryptophan levels, restores the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymphocytes, and causes a reduction in tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Activation of the immune system, which is suppressed in many cancers, may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the IDO1-expressing tumor cells. IDO1 is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types and plays an important role in immunosuppression. Tryptophan depletion is associated with immunosuppression caused by T-cell suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5H-Imidazo(5,1-a)isoindole-5-ethanol, 6-Fluoro-alpha-(trans-4-hydroxycyclohexyl)-, (AlphaR,5S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0919","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAVOXIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"NLG-919","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NLG919","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Navoximod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Navoximod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6078","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7077339-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471774"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1402837-78-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"926SHL95NC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757383"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757383"}]}}{"C111687":{"preferredName":"Navy Bean Powder","code":"C111687","definitions":[{"description":"The powder form of the cooked navy bean with potential antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Navy beans are rich in fiber, minerals, vitamins, and phytochemicals such as flavonoids and phytosterols. They appear to prevent carcinogenesis by inducing tumor cell apoptosis. Intake of navy bean powder may have a beneficial effect on intestinal microflora.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Navy Bean Powder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454077"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752815"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752815"}]}}{"C123428":{"preferredName":"Naxitamab","code":"C123428","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human tumor-associated antigen GD2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, naxitamab stimulates antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against GD2-expressing tumor cells. GD2, a disialoganglioside with expression in normal tissues restricted primarily to the cerebellum and peripheral nerves, is commonly expressed at high levels on tumors of neuroectodermal origins such as melanomas and neuroblastomas. Compared to the murine monoclonal antibody 3F8 (m3F8), the humanized form does not cause a human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA) response and shows enhanced ADCC activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Gd2 IGG3 Monoclonal Antibody 3f8 Humanized","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Danyelza","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hu3F8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Anti-GD2 Antibody 3F8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Hu3f8-IGG1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAXITAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Naxitamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Naxitamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4054758"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1879925-92-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"high-risk neuroblastoma in bone or bone marrow"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9K8GNJ2874"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778692"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778692"}]}}{"C115109":{"preferredName":"Nazartinib","code":"C115109","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, irreversible, third-generation, mutant-selective epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, nazartinib covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of mutant forms of EGFR, including the T790M EGFR mutant, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. EGF816 preferentially inhibits mutated forms of EGFR including T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, and may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated resistance when compared to other EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. As this agent is selective towards mutant forms of EGFR, its toxicity profile may be reduced as compared to non-selective EGFR inhibitors which also inhibit wild-type EGFR.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EGF 816","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGF816","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAZARTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nazartinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nazartinib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472640"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1508250-71-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KE7K32EME8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760001"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760001"}]}}{"C123825":{"preferredName":"ncmtRNA Oligonucleotide Andes-1537","code":"C123825","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary antisense oligonucleotide targeting a novel non-coding mitochondrial RNA (ncmtRNA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Andes-1537 binds to ncmtRNA, which is overexpressed in rapidly proliferating cells, such as cancer cells, and not expressed in resting cells. This may decrease the expression of the ncmtRNA, which may inhibit cell proliferation and eventually induce apoptosis in susceptible cancer cells. The proprietary mitochondrial RNA (mtRNA) belongs to the family of non-coding RNAs (ncRNA); it contains an inverted repeat (IR) of 815 nucleotides (nt), which can form a covalent link to the 5' end of the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA (16S mtrRNA).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Andes-1537","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ncmtRNA Oligonucleotide Andes-1537","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ncmtRNA Oligonucleotide Andes-1537","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498219"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775628"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775628"}]}}{"C88281":{"preferredName":"Necitumumab","code":"C88281","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Necitumumab binds to and blocks the ligand binding site of EGFR, thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor. This may lead to an inhibition of EGFR-dependent downstream pathways and so inhibition of EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor family of extracellular protein ligands, may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibody IMC-11F8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-11F8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (Receptor Tyrosine-Protein Kinase ErbB-1, EC 2.7.10.1)); Human Monoclonal IMC-11F8 Gamma1 Heavy Chain (224-214')-Disulfide with Human Monoclonal IMC-11F8 Kappa Light Chain, Dimer (230- 230'':233-233'')-Bisdisulfide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NECITUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Necitumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Necitumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Portrazza","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2352806"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"906805-06-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2BT4C47RUI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656651"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"656651"}]}}{"C61099":{"preferredName":"Nedaplatin","code":"C61099","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation cisplatin analogue with antineoplastic activity. Containing a novel ring structure in which glycolate is bound to the platinum by a bidentate ligand, nedaplatin forms reactive platinum complexes that bind to nucelophillic groups in DNA, resulting in intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, apoptosis and cell death. This agent appears to be less nephrotoxic and neurotoxic compared to both cisplatin and carboplatin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(Glycolato-O,O')diammineplatinum(II)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"254-S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDGP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NDP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEDAPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nedaplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-Diammine(glucolato)platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0093999"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"95734-82-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8UQ3W6JXAN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468844"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468844"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C2H2O3.Pt.2H3N"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nedaplatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31898"}]}}{"C136418":{"preferredName":"NEDD8 Activating Enzyme E1 Inhibitor TAS4464","code":"C136418","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of NEDD8 (neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 8) activating enzyme E1 (NAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TAS4464 selectively binds to and inhibits NAE, which prevents NAE/NEDD8-mediated signaling and prevents the NEDD8 conjugation of cullin-RING ligase complexes (CRLs). This inactivates the CRLs leading to an accumulation of CRL substrate proteins, such as CDT1, p27, p21 and phosphorylated IkappaB, and inactivates nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) as well as downregulates anti-apoptotic proteins. This causes cell cycle dysregulation, induces apoptosis, and inhibits tumor cell proliferation and survival. NAE catalyzes the first step in the NEDD8 conjugation (neddylation) pathway which controls cancer cell growth and survival through activation of CRLs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NAE Inhibitor TAS4464","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEDD8 Activating Enzyme E1 Inhibitor TAS4464","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"NEDD8 Activating Enzyme E1 Inhibitor TAS4464","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS4464","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523721"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789222"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789222"}]}}{"C120036":{"preferredName":"Peposertib","code":"C120036","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) with potential antineoplastic activity, and potential sensitizing and enhancing activities for both chemo- and radiotherapies. Upon administration, peposertib binds to and inhibits the activity of DNA-PK, thereby interfering with the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) process and preventing repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) caused by ionizing radiation or chemotherapeutic treatment. This increases chemo- and radiotherapy cytotoxicity and leads to enhanced tumor cell death. The enhanced ability of tumor cells to repair DSBs plays a major role in the resistance of tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy; DNA-PK plays a key role in the NHEJ pathway and DSB repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(7-morpholin-4-ylquinazolin-4-yl)phenyl]-(6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl)methanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Pyridazinemethanol, alpha-(2-Chloro-4-fluoro-5-(7-(4-morpholinyl)-4-quinazolinyl)phenyl)-6-methoxy-, (alphaS)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 3814","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M-3814","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M3814","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC 2490484A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC-2490484A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC2490484A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nedisertib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEPOSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Peposertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Peposertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896805"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1637542-33-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GN429E725A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767372"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767372"}]}}{"C1704":{"preferredName":"Nelarabine","code":"C1704","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL). It belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An arabinonucleoside antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. Nelarabine is demethoxylated by adenosine deaminase to become biologically active 9-beta-D-arabinosylguanine (ara-G); ara-G incorporates into DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis and inducing an S phase-dependent apoptosis of tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Amino, 6-Methoxypurine Arabinoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Amino-6-methoxypurine arabinoside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2-Amino-9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-6-methoxy-9H-purine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"506U78","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"506U78","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Arranon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arranon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Compound 506U78","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW506U78","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NELARABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nelarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nelarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nelarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"686673"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0907349"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"121032-29-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; T-cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"60158CV180"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43260"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43260"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H15N5O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nelarabine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63612"}]}}{"C117985":{"preferredName":"Nelipepimut-S","code":"C117985","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A2/A3 restricted HER2/neu (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; ErbB2) nonapeptide derived from the extracellular domain of the HER2 protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal injection, nelipepimut-S may induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HER2/neu-expressing tumor cells. HER2/neu, a tumor-associated antigen and a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family of tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in various tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumorigenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E75 Peptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Receptor Tyrosine-Protein Kinase erbB-2 (Proto-Oncogene Neu, Tyrosine Kinase- type Cell Surface Receptor HER2, CD340)-(347-355)-Peptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Leucine, L-lysyl-L-isoleucyl-L-phenylalanylglycyl-L-seryl-L-leucyl-L-alanyl-L- phenylalanyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NELIPEPIMUT-S","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nelipepimut S","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nelipepimut-S","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NeuVax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3898150"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"160212-35-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7M0A29CD8B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C99228":{"preferredName":"Nelipepimut-S Plus GM-CSF Vaccine","code":"C99228","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer peptide vaccine comprised of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A2/A3 restricted HER2/neu (ERBB2) peptide from the extracellular domain of the HER2 protein (E75 peptide) and combined with the immunoadjuvant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal injection, nelipepimut-S plus GM-CSF vaccine may induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HER2/neu-expressing tumor cell types. HER2/neu, a tumor-associated antigen and a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family of tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in various tumor cell types. GM-CSF potentiates the antitumor immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E75 Plus GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E75 Vaccine Plus GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA A2/A3-Restricted HER-2/neu Peptide Vaccine Plus GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nelipepimut-S Plus GM-CSF Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nelipepimut-S Plus GM-CSF Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nelipepimut-S Plus Sargramostim","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NeuVax Plus GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433057"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"719080"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"719080"}]}}{"C83999":{"preferredName":"Nemorubicin","code":"C83999","definitions":[{"description":"A morpholinyl analogue of the anthracycline doxorubicin with antineoplastic activity. Nemorubicin is metabolized via the P450 CYP3A enzyme to a highly cytotoxic derivative. Unlike most anthracyclines, nemorubicin is a topoisomerase I inhibitor and appears to exert its effect through the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system. In addition, this agent does not show cross-resistance with other anthracyclines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NEMORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nemorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827283"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"108852-90-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7618O47BQM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H37NO13"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:42053"}]}}{"C84000":{"preferredName":"Nemorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C84000","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of nemorubicin, a morpholinyl analogue of the anthracycline doxorubicin with antineoplastic activity. Nemorubicin is metabolized via the P450 CYP3A enzyme to a highly cytotoxic derivative. Unlike most anthracyclines, nemorubicin is a topoisomerase I inhibitor and appears to exert its effect through the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system. In addition, this agent does not show cross-resistance with other anthracyclines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,12-Naphthacenedione, 7,8,9,10-Tetrahydro-6,8,11-Trihydroxy-8-(Hydroxyacetyl)-1-Methoxy-10-((2,3,6-Trideoxy-3-((2S)-2-Methoxy-4-Morpholinyl)-Alpha-L-Lyxo-Hexopyranosyl)Oxy)-, Hydrochloride, (8S,10S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEMORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nemorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827284"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"108943-08-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2Q6F8JYX76"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H37NO13.HCl"}]}}{"C162874":{"preferredName":"Neoantigen Vaccine GEN-009","code":"C162874","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific mutated synthetic long peptides (SLPs), which are immunogenic and unique to the patient's tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous vaccination with the personalized neoantigen peptide vaccine GEN-009, and administration along with the immunoadjuvant poly-ICLC, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis. The Antigen Lead Acquisition System (ATLAS) will be used to identify neoantigens in each patient's tumor that are recognized by their CD4 and/or CD8 T-cells and will be incorporated into GEN-009 in the form of SLPs. Each personalized vaccine contains between four and twenty SLPs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GEN 009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN-009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN-009 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen Vaccine GEN-009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Cancer Vaccine GEN-009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973355"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798938"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798938"}]}}{"C118960":{"preferredName":"Neoantigen-based Glioblastoma Vaccine","code":"C118960","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based, personalized glioblastoma cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific glioblastoma derived immunogenic mutated epitopes (neoantigens), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the neoantigen-based glioblastoma vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis. Neoantigens are tumor-specific antigens derived from mutated proteins that are present only in a specific tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NeoVax (TM) Glioblastoma Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Glioblastoma Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Glioblastoma Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Neoantigen Glioblastoma Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3898149"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766449"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766449"}]}}{"C112003":{"preferredName":"Neoantigen-based Melanoma-Poly-ICLC Vaccine","code":"C112003","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based melanoma cancer vaccine consisting of neoantigens and peptides derived from patient-specific melanoma immunogenic epitopes, combined with the immunostimulant poly-ICLC with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the neoantigen-based melanoma vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis. The adjuvant poly-ICLC, composed of double-stranded RNA molecules of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stabilized with poly L-lysine in carboxymethylcellulose, is a ligand for toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) and induces the release of cytokines which may help to boost the immune response against the selected neoantigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NeoVax Melanoma Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Melanoma-Poly-ICLC Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454292"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754239"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754239"}]}}{"C158694":{"preferredName":"Neoantigen-based Renal Cell Carcinoma-Poly-ICLC Vaccine","code":"C158694","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based renal cell carcinoma (RCC) vaccine consisting of neoantigens and peptides derived from immunogenic epitopes identified through DNA and RNA sequencing of a patient's tumor cells, combined with the immunostimulant poly-ICLC with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the neoantigen-based RCC vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, leading to tumor cell lysis. The adjuvant poly-ICLC, composed of double-stranded RNA molecules of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stabilized with poly L-lysine in carboxymethylcellulose, is a ligand for toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) and induces the release of cytokines which may help to boost the immune response against the selected neoantigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NeoVax RCC Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NeoVax Renal Cell Carcinoma Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Renal Cell Carcinoma-Poly-ICLC Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Renal Cell Carcinoma-Poly-ICLC Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL950784"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797484"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797484"}]}}{"C165514":{"preferredName":"Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-C903","code":"C165514","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer priming vaccine consisting of tumor-specific shared neoantigens, which are immunogenic and unique across a subset of patients, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of neoantigen-based therapeutic cancer vaccine GRT-C903, followed by the boosting vaccine GRT-R904, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the shared neoantigens expressed on tumor cells, which results in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GRT C903","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRT-C903","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRTC903","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-C903","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-C903","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Priming Cancer Vaccine GRT-C903","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Priming Vaccine GRT-C903","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shared Neoantigen Cancer Vaccine Prime GRT-C903","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shared Neoantigen Priming Cancer Vaccine GRT-C903","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978704"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799972"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799972"}]}}{"C165515":{"preferredName":"Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-R904","code":"C165515","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer boosting vaccine consisting of tumor-specific shared neoantigens, which are immunogenic and unique across a subset of patients, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the neoantigen-based therapeutic cancer vaccine GRT-R904, which is administered after the initial administration of the priming vaccine GRT-C903, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the shared neoantigens expressed on tumor cells, which results in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Boosting Cancer Vaccine GRT-R904","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Boosting Vaccine GRT-R904","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRT R904","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRT-R904","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRTR904","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-R904","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-R904","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shared Neoantigen Boosting Cancer Vaccine GRT-R904","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shared Neoantigen Cancer Vaccine Boost GRT-R904","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978705"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799974"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799974"}]}}{"C135018":{"preferredName":"Neoantigen-HSP70 Peptide Cancer Vaccine AGEN2017","code":"C135018","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, personalized autologous synthetic cancer vaccine composed of patient-specific synthetic cancer neo-epitopes complexed with heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70; HSP70), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the neoantigen-HSP70 peptide cancer vaccine AGEN2017, the HSPs present the neoantigens to antigen presenting cells (APCs) and help elicit a potent neoantigen-specific T-cell-based anti-tumor immune response, thereby killing the neoantigen-expressing cancer cells. HSP70 is able to the transport the neo-epitopes, activate APCs and enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGEN 2017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN-2017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN2017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASV","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASV AGEN2017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AutoSynVax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AutoSynVax AGEN2017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AutoSynVax Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Cancer Vaccine AGEN2017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen Vaccine AGEN2017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-HSP70 Peptide Cancer Vaccine AGEN2017","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-HSP70 Peptide Cancer Vaccine AGEN2017","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523816"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788954"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788954"}]}}{"C49094":{"preferredName":"Neratinib","code":"C49094","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, 6,7-disubstituted-4-anilinoquinoline-3-carbonitrile irreversible inhibitor of the HER-2 receptor tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Neratinib binds to the HER-2 receptor irreversibly, thereby reducing autophosphorylation in cells, apparently by targeting a cysteine residue in the ATP-binding pocket of the receptor. Treatment of cells with this agent results in inhibition of downstream signal transduction events and cell cycle regulatory pathways; arrest at the G1-S (Gap 1/DNA synthesis)-phase transition of the cell division cycle; and ultimately decreased cellular proliferation. Neratinib also inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase and the proliferation of EGFR-dependent cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-N-(4-((3-chloro-4-((pyridin-2-yl)methoxy)phenyl)amino)-3-cyano-7-ethoxyquinolin-6-yl)-4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Butenamide, N-(4-((3-chloro-4-(2-pyridinylmethoxy)phenyl)amino)-3-cyano-7-ethoxy-6-quinolinyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-, (2E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HKI 272","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HKI-272","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NERATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Neratinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neratinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PB 272","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PB-272","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704439"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"698387-09-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"early stage HER2-overexpressed/amplified breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JJH94R3PWB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453548"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453548"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H29ClN6O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"KI-272"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:61397"}]}}{"C136891":{"preferredName":"Neratinib Maleate","code":"C136891","definitions":[{"description":"The maleate salt form of neratinib, an orally available, quinazoline-based, irreversible inhibitor of both the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, neratinib targets and covalently binds to the cysteine residue in the ATP-binding pockets of both HER2 and EGFR. This inhibits their activity and results in the inhibition of downstream signal transduction events, induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and ultimately decreases cellular proliferation in HER2- and EGFR-expressing tumor cells. EGFR and HER2, RTKs that are mutated or overactivated in many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Butenamide, N-(4-((3-chloro-4-(2-pyridinylmethoxy)phenyl)amino)-3-cyano-7-ethoxy-6-quinolinyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-, (2E)-, (2Z)-2-butenedioate (1:1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HKI-272 Maleate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NERATINIB MALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Neratinib Maleate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neratinib Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nerlynx","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524716"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915942-22-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"early stage HER2-overexpressed/amplified breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9RM7XY23ZS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C95712":{"preferredName":"Nesvacumab","code":"C95712","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against angiopoietin 2 (ANG2) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Nesvacumab binds to ANG2 and interferes with the interaction between Ang2 and its receptor TEK tyrosine kinase (Tie2), which may inhibit tumor cell angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. ANG2 is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays a crucial role in angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ANG2 MOAB REGN910","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NESVACUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nesvacumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN910","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR307746","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428177"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1296818-77-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WX8293WGLC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693224"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693224"}]}}{"C96232":{"preferredName":"NG-nitro-L-arginine","code":"C96232","definitions":[{"description":"An amino acid derivative and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Upon administration, NG-nitro-L-arginine inhibits the enzyme nitric oxide synthase, thereby preventing the formation of nitric oxide (NO). By preventing NO generation, the vasodilatory effects of NO are abrogated leading to vasoconstriction, reduction in vascular permeability and an inhibition of angiogenesis. As blood flow to tumors is restricted, this may result in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. NO plays an important role in tumor blood flow and stimulation of angiogenesis, tumor progression, survival, migration and invasiveness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L-NNA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG-nitro-L-arginine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NITROARGININE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"NOLA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0068821"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7O8V7H6P2J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697835"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697835"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27960"}]}}{"C2327":{"preferredName":"Niacinamide","code":"C2327","definitions":[{"description":"A nutrient in the vitamin B complex that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Niacinamide helps some enzymes make energy in the cell. It is found in many plant and animal products. It is water-soluble (can dissolve in water) and must be taken in daily. It is being studied to increase the effect of radiation therapy on tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The active form of vitamin B3 and a component of the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). Niacinamide acts as a chemo- and radio-sensitizing agent by enhancing tumor blood flow, thereby reducing tumor hypoxia. This agent also inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, enzymes involved in the rejoining of DNA strand breaks induced by radiation or chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Pyridinecarboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIACINAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Niacinamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Niacinamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Niacinamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Niacinamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Nicamid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicosedine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicotinamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicotinamidum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicotinic Acid Amide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicotinic acid amide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Nicotylamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pellagra-Preventing Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin PP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vitamin PP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"niacinamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"nicotinamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"27452"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"13128"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028027"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"98-92-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Pellegra, treatment and prophylaxis; Various dermatologic conditions"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"25X51I8RD4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42044"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42044"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H6N2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Niacinamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17154"}]}}{"C66240":{"preferredName":"Niclosamide","code":"C66240","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable chlorinated salicylanilide, with anthelmintic and potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, niclosamide specifically induces degradation of the androgen receptor (AR) variant V7 (AR-V7) through the proteasome-mediated pathway. This downregulates the expression of the AR variant, inhibits AR-V7-mediated transcriptional activity, and reduces AR-V7 recruitment to the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) gene promoter. Niclosamide also prevents AR-V7-mediated STAT3 phosphorylation and activation. This inhibits AR/STAT3-mediated signaling and prevents expression of STAT3 target genes. Altogether, this may inhibit growth of AR-V7-overexpressing cancer cells. The AR-V7 variant, which is encoded by contiguous splicing of AR exons 1/2/3/CE3, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, and is associated with both cancer progression and resistance to AR-targeted therapies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzamide, 5-Chloro-N-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-2-hydroxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NICLOSAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Niclosamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Niclosamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salicylanilide, 2',5-Dichloro-4'-nitro-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699963"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-65-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8KK8CQ2K8G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775866"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775866"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H8Cl2N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Niclosamide"}]}}{"C158078":{"preferredName":"Nicotinamide Riboside","code":"C158078","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available form of vitamin B3 and precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) with potential use in the treatment of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Upon oral administration, nicotinamide riboside (NR) is converted to nicotinamide mononucleotide by the NR kinases, nicotinamide riboside kinase 1 (NRK 1) and nicotinamide riboside kinase 2 (NRK 2), to which a second adenine is transferred by nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferase to generate NAD+. NAD+, an essential redox coenzyme, may offer protective effects against axonal injury from both mechanical and neurotoxic injury, and maintenance of NAD+ may be protective in mitochondrial disease. NR may help elevate and maintain NAD+ levels, which may ameliorate potential mechanisms implicated in the development of CIPN including mitochondrial dysfunction and peripheral nerve degeneration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Niagen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nicotinamide Riboside","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nicotinamide Riboside","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937699"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797351"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797351"}]}}{"C153375":{"preferredName":"Nidanilimab","code":"C153375","definitions":[{"description":"A low fucose, fully humanized monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody (hmAb) against the interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein (interleukin-1 receptor associated protein; IL1RAP), with potential immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, nidanilimab targets and binds to IL1RAP, thereby preventing IL1RAP-mediated signaling, and disrupting IL-1 and IL-33 mediated nuclear factor kappa beta (NFkB) activation. This prevents the secretion of tumor stimulating cytokines, decreases tumor inflammation and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. In addition, nidanilimab induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and stimulates natural killer (NK) cells to attack tumor cells, thereby killing the IL1RAP-poisitive tumor cells. IL1RAP, a co-receptor of the IL-1 receptor (IL1R1) and the IL-33 receptor (ST2), is upregulated in certain tumor cells, and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAN 04","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAN-04","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAN04","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIDANILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nidanilimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nidanilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554531"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2171061-85-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ND296JF21I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793891"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793891"}]}}{"C71734":{"preferredName":"Nifurtimox","code":"C71734","definitions":[{"description":"A nitrofuran derivative with antiprotozoal and potential antineoplastic activities. Nifurtimox is reduced by cytosol enzymes or flavin-containing microsomal enzymes to a highly reactive nitro anion free radical; autooxidation of the nitro anion free radical generates cytotoxic superoxide anion (02-). In addition, nifurtimox-derived nitro anion free radicals may alkylate macromolecules such as nucleic acids and proteins, resulting in the disruption of their structure and function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-((5-Nitrofurfurylidene)amino)-3-methylthiomorpholine-1,1-dioxide","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 2502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAYER 2502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lampit","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIFURTIMOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nifurtimox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028073"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"23256-30-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M84I3K7C2O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558911"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558911"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H13N3O5S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nifurtimox"}]}}{"C48375":{"preferredName":"Nilotinib","code":"C48375","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). It is used in patients who have not gotten better after treatment with other anticancer drugs or who are not able to take imatinib mesylate. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Nilotinib blocks a protein called BCR/ABL which is made in CML cells that contain the Philadelphia chromosome (an abnormal chromosome 22 that has part of chromosome 9 attached). It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable aminopyrimidine-derivative Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome imatinib resistance, nilotinib binds to and stabilizes the inactive conformation of the kinase domain of the Abl protein of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, resulting in the inhibition of the Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. This agent also inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R) and c-kit, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated and constitutively activated in most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). With a binding mode that is energetically more favorable than that of imatinib, nilotinib has been shown to have an approximately 20-fold increased potency in kinase and proliferation assays compared to imatinib.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Methyl-3-((4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-N-(5-(4-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMN 107 Base Form","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NILOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nilotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nilotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nilotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1721377"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"641571-10-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic myeloid leukemia; Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F41401512X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"435988"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"435988"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H22F3N7O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AMN107"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:52172"}]}}{"C95223":{"preferredName":"Nilotinib Hydrochloride Anhydrous","code":"C95223","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of nilotinib, an orally bioavailable aminopyrimidine-derivative Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome imatinib resistance, nilotinib binds to and stabilizes the inactive conformation of the kinase domain of the Abl protein of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, resulting in the inhibition of the Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. This agent also inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R) and c-kit, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated and constitutively activated in most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). With a binding mode that is energetically more favorable than that of imatinib, nilotinib has been shown to have an approximately 20-fold increased potency in kinase and proliferation assays compared to imatinib.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NILOTINIB HYDROCHLORIDE ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nilotinib Hydrochloride Anhydrous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987005"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"923288-95-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K37N7BYX3X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H22F3N7O.HCl"}]}}{"C95229":{"preferredName":"Nilotinib Hydrochloride Monohydrate","code":"C95229","definitions":[{"description":"The monohydrate monohydrochloride form of nilotinib, an orally bioavailable aminopyrimidine-derivative Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome imatinib resistance resulting from Bcr-Abl kinase mutations, upon administration, nilotinib binds to and stabilizes the inactive conformation of the kinase domain of the Abl portion of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, resulting in the inhibition of the constitutive kinase activity of Bcr-Abl protein. This inhibits the Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. Nilotinib also inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R; PDGFR), mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit (c-Kit), and, to a lesser extent, colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R; CSF1R), and discoidin domain-containing receptor 1 (DDR1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-methyl-N-[3-(4-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[[4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]-benzamide, Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMN107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NILOTINIB HYDROCHLORIDE MONOHYDRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nilotinib Hydrochloride Monohydrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nilotinib Hydrochloride Monohydrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nilotinib Monohydrochloride Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tasigna","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tasigna","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1966375"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"923288-90-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic myeloid leukemia; Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5JHU0N1R6K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"435988"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"435988"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H22F3N7O.HCl.H2O"}]}}{"C1173":{"preferredName":"Nilutamide","code":"C1173","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that blocks the effects of male hormones in the body. It is a type of antiandrogen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, nonsteroidal agent with antiandrogenic properties. Nilutamide preferentially binds to androgen receptors and blocks androgen receptor activation by testosterone and other androgens; this agent may inhibit androgen-dependent growth of normal and neoplastic prostate cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(3'-Trifluoromethyl-4'-nitrophenyl)-4,4-dimethylimidazoline-3,5-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,5-Dimethyl-3-[4-nitro-3-(trifluoro-methyl)phenyl]-2,4-imidazolidinedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anandron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NILUTAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nilandron","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nilutamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nilutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RU-23908","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nilutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"684588"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0722107"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"63612-50-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"51G6I8B902"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40450"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40450"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H10F3N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nilutamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7573"}]}}{"C157231":{"preferredName":"Nimesulide-Hyaluronic Acid Conjugate CA102N","code":"C157231","definitions":[{"description":"A covalently bound conjugate composed of the biological polymer sodium hyaluronate (NaHA) and the hydrophobic, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor and cytotoxic agent nimesulide (Nim), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of Nim-HA conjugate CA102N, the HA moiety targets and binds to CD44. Following endocytosis of CA102N and enzymatic degradation within the lysosomal compartment, Nim is released inside CD44-expressing tumor cells, causing Nim-mediated induction of cell cycle arrest tumor cell apoptosis and decreases tumor cell growth. In addition, Nim inhibits various tumor cell signaling pathways thereby further inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. CD44, a transmembrane glycoprotein and HA receptor expressed in healthy tissue, plays a key role in cellular growth, survival, differentiation and motility. Overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, CD44 plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, migration and survival. Conjugation of HA to Nim allows for increased solubility of Nim and for targeted delivery of Nim to CD44-expressing tumor cells, thereby increasing efficacy and safety of Nim.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CA 102N","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA-102N","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA102N","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HA-Nim Conjugate CA102N","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HA-Nimesulide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hyaluronic Acid Nimesulide-NH2 Bioconjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nim-HA Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nimesulide-Hyaluronic Acid Conjugate CA102N","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nimesulide-Hyaluronic Acid Conjugate CA102N","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936840"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799428"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799428"}]}}{"C692":{"preferredName":"Nimodipine","code":"C692","definitions":[{"description":"Belongs to a family of drugs called calcium channel blockers. It is being investigated for use with anticancer drugs to prevent or overcome drug resistance and improve response to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A dihydropyridine derivative and an analogue of the calcium channel blocker nifedipine, with antihypertensive activity. Nimodipine inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium ions in response to depolarization in smooth muscle cells, thereby inhibiting vascular smooth muscle contraction and inducing vasodilatation. Nimodipine has a greater effect on cerebral arteries than on peripheral smooth muscle cells and myocardial cells, probably because this agent can cross the blood brain barrier due to its lipophilic nature. Furthermore, this agent also inhibits the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein, which is overexpressed in some multi-drug resistant tumors, and may improve the efficacy of some antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NIMO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIMODIPINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nimodipine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Nimodipine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nimotop","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nimodipine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0678207"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"66085-59-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"57WA9QZ5WH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41210"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41210"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H26N2O7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nimodipine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7575"}]}}{"C2733":{"preferredName":"Nimotuzumab","code":"C2733","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Nimotuzumab binds the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and blocks cancer cells that depend on epidermal growth factor for growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Nimotuzumab binds to and inhibits EGFR, resulting in growth inhibition of tumor cells that overexpress EGFR. This agent may act synergistically with radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H-R3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIMOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nimotuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nimotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thera-CIM-hr3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TheraCim hR3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theraloc","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theraloc","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hR3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nimotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1570482"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"828933-51-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Glioma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6NS400BXKH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"507582"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"507582"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TheraCim_hR3"}]}}{"C693":{"preferredName":"Nimustine","code":"C693","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of brain cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called nitrosoureas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Nimustine alkylates and crosslinks DNA, thereby causing DNA fragmentation, inhibition of protein synthesis, and cell death. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-((4-Amino-2-Methyl-5-Pyrimidinyl)Methyl)-1-(2-Chloroethyl)-1-Nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N'-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nidran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nimustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nimustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"245382"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028096"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"42471-28-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0S726V972K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38853"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38853"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H13ClN6O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nimustine"}]}}{"C95325":{"preferredName":"Nimustine Hydrochloride","code":"C95325","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of nimustine, a nitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Nimustine alkylates and crosslinks DNA, thereby causing DNA fragmentation, inhibition of protein synthesis, and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-((4-Amino-2-Methyl-5-Pyrimidinyl)Methyl)-1-(2-Chloroethyl)-1-Nitrosourea Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACNU HCl","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS 439 HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N'-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIMUSTINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nidran HCl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nimustine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nimustine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"245382"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0771987"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"42471-28-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DFR965WKBU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H13ClN6O2.ClH"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7576"}]}}{"C148529":{"preferredName":"Ningetinib Tosylate","code":"C148529","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate salt form of ningetinib, an orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases c-MET/hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2 KDR), Axl (UFO), Mer, and Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ningetinib binds to a variety of kinases, including c-Met, VEGFR2, Axl, Mer and Flt3, thereby inhibiting their signaling pathways. This inhibits growth, angiogenesis and metastasis of tumor cells that overexpress these kinases. c-Met, VEGFR2, Axl, Mer and Flt3 are overexpressed by many tumor cell types and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CT-053 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-053-PTSA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-053PTSA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NINGETINIB TOSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ningetinib Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551136"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R7I5725FES"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792698"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792698"}]}}{"C62765":{"preferredName":"Nintedanib","code":"C62765","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. BIBF 1120 blocks enzymes needed for cells to grow, and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable, indolinone-derived inhibitor of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and non-receptor tyrosine kinases (nRTKs), with potential antiangiogenic, antifibrotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nintedanib selectively binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) tyrosine kinases, which may result in the induction of endothelial cell apoptosis, the reduction in tumor vasculature, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and migration, and antifibrotic activity in pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, nintedanib also binds to and inhibits members of the Src family of tyrosine kinases, including Src, Lck and Lyn, and fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT-3). VEGFR, FGFR, PDGFR and CSF1R RTKs play key roles in tumor angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation and metastasis, as well as pulmonary fibrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIBF 1120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIBF 1120","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BIBF-1120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intedanib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl (3Z)-3-(((4-(N-methyl-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetamido)phenyl)amino)(phenyl)methylidene)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-6-carboxylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BIBF 1120","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NINTEDANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nintedanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nintedanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vargatef","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tyrosine kinase inhibitor BIBF 1120","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2930789"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"656247-17-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G6HRD2P839"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504524"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504524"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H33N5O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BIBF_1120"}]}}{"C80059":{"preferredName":"Niraparib","code":"C80059","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) types 1 and 2 (PARP-1 and -2), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, niraparib binds to and inhibits the activity of PARP-1 and -2, thereby inhibiting PARP-1 and -2-mediated DNA repair, enhancing the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promoting genomic instability and resulting in apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins and is activated by single-strand DNA (ssDNA) breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MK-4827","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK4827","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIRAPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Niraparib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Niraparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2744440"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1038915-60-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HMC2H89N35"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615263"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615263"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PARP_Inhibitor_MK4827"}]}}{"C133238":{"preferredName":"Niraparib Tosylate Monohydrate","code":"C133238","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, hydrated, tosylate salt form of niraparib, an inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) types 1 and 2 (PARP-1 and -2), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, niraparib binds to and inhibits the activity of PARP-1 and -2, thereby inhibiting PARP-1 and -2-mediated DNA repair, enhancing the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promoting genomic instability and resulting in apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins and is activated by single-strand DNA (ssDNA) breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-Indazole-7-carboxamide, 2-(4-(3S)-3-piperidinylphenyl)-, 4-Methylbenzenesulfonate, Hydrate (1:1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIRAPARIB TOSYLATE MONOHYDRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Niraparib Tosylate Monohydrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zejula","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520459"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1613220-15-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"maintenance treatment of adult patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"195Q483UZD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615263"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615263"}]}}{"C82383":{"preferredName":"Nirogacestat","code":"C82383","definitions":[{"description":"A selective gamma secretase (GS) inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. Nirogacestat binds to GS, blocking proteolytic activation of Notch receptors; Notch signaling pathway inhibition may follow, which may result in the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress Notch. The integral membrane protein GS is a multi-subunit protease complex that cleaves single-pass transmembrane proteins, such as Notch receptors, at residues within their transmembrane domains. Overexpression of the Notch signaling pathway has been correlated with increased tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-2-(((S)-6,8-Difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)amino)-N-(1-(2-methyl-1-(neopentylamino)propan-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)pentanamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIROGACESTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nirogacestat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nirogacestat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-03084014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830067"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1290543-63-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QZ62892OFJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641472"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641472"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gamma_Secretase_Inhibitor_PF-03084014"}]}}{"C61499":{"preferredName":"Nitric Oxide-Releasing Acetylsalicylic Acid Derivative","code":"C61499","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the prevention of colorectal cancer. It is a form of aspirin that gives off nitric oxide gas and is less irritating to the lining of the stomach than plain aspirin. It is a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nitric oxide (NO) donating derivative of acetylsalicylic acid with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antithrombotic, gastroprotective and potential antitumor activities. The acetylsalicylic acid derivative moiety of this agent inhibits the activities of cyclooxygenase (COX) I and II, preventing the formation of prostaglandins and thromboxanes. A reduction in prostaglandin synthesis accounts for this agent's anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic activities; a reduction in thromboxane A2 synthesis results in an irreversible inhibition of platelet aggregation. NO donation by this agent, after cleavage from the acetylsalicylic acid derivative in vivo, may protect the gastric mucosa against the damaging effects of the aspirin derivative by modulating prostaglandins. In tumor cells, the NO donating moiety may block the cell cycle in the G1 and G2 phases and may induce apoptosis through caspase-mediated mechanisms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzoic Acid, 2-(Acetyl-oxy)-3-[(nitrooxy)methyl]phenyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCX 4016","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCX 4016","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"NCX 4016","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Nitric Oxide-Releasing Acetylsalicylic Acid Derivative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitric Oxide-Releasing Aspirin Derivative","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitroaspirin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nitric oxide-releasing acetylsalicylic acid derivative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0531264"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486415"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486415"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nitric_Oxide-Releasing_Acetylsalicylic_Acid_Derivative"}]}}{"C61590":{"preferredName":"Nitrogen Mustard Prodrug PR-104","code":"C61590","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. PR-104 becomes active when cancer cells don't receive enough oxygen. It may kill cancer cells by damaging their DNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-toxic, small-molecule, hypoxia-activated, 3,5-dinitrobenzamide nitrogen mustard pre-prodrug with potential antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, PR-104 is converted by systemic phosphatases to the alcohol intermediate PR-104A, which is reduced to form the active DNA-crosslinking mustard species hydroxylamine PR-104H intracellularly under hypoxic conditions. PR-104H specifically crosslinks hypoxic tumor cell DNA, resulting in the inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis in susceptible hypoxic tumor cell populations while sparing normoxic tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"((2-Bromoethyl)-2,4-dinitro-6-(((2-(phosphonooxy)ethyl)amino)-carbonyl)anilino)ethyl Methanesulphonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitrogen Mustard Prodrug PR-104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-104","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PR-104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PR-104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PR104","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831907"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V16D2ZT7DT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492222"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492222"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PR-104"}]}}{"C103272":{"preferredName":"Nitroglycerin Transdermal Patch","code":"C103272","definitions":[{"description":"A sustained release transdermal patch containing the organic nitrate nitroglycerin, with vasodilator and potential immunomodulating activities. Upon application to the skin, nitroglycerin is continuously released from the patch and absorbed. In turn, nitroglycerin is converted into nitric oxide (NO), which activates guanylyl cyclase, increasing cyclic guanosine monophosphate concentration thus resulting in smooth muscle relaxation. In addition, activation of NO-mediated signaling pathways may inhibit hypoxia-induced tumor cell invasiveness, chemoresistance, evasion of immune cell recognition and cancer cell progression. Particularly, reactivation of NO-mediated signaling appears to inhibit the increased tumor cell shedding of the major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related (MIC) molecules MICA and MICB as is seen in hypoxic tumor environments; MIC molecules play key roles in tumor cell immune surveillance through their interaction with the C-type lectin-like NKG2D receptor on natural killer, lymphokine-activated killer and effector T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GTN Transdermal Patch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glyceryl Trinitrate Transdermal Patch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Minitran","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitroglycerin Transdermal Patch","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699222"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741836"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741836"}]}}{"C68814":{"preferredName":"Nivolumab","code":"C68814","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1, PCD-1) with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nivolumab binds to and blocks the activation of PD-1, an immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) transmembrane protein, by its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which is overexpressed on certain cancer cells, and programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2), which is primarily expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This results in the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. Activated PD-1 negatively regulates T-cell activation and plays a key role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-936558","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-1106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIVO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIVOLUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nivolumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nivolumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO-4538","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Opdivo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3657270"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946414-94-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma; recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN); renal cell carcinoma (RCC) ; metastatic melanoma; non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL); BRAF V600 wild-type, unresectable or metastatic melanoma; metastatic small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with progression after platinum-based chemotherapy and at least one other line of therapy."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"31YO63LBSN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539733"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539733"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-PD-1_Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_MDX-1106"}]}}{"C155945":{"preferredName":"NLRP3 Agonist BMS-986299","code":"C155945","definitions":[{"description":"A nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3; NACHT, LRR and PYD Containing Protein 3; NALP3) agonist with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, NLRP3 agonist BMS-986299 binds to and activates NLRP3, potentially promoting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8), which may induce tumoricidal activity of natural killer (NK) cells against tumor cells. NLRP3, a sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome plays a significant role in immunity and inflammation, and may protect against tumorigenesis in some cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS 986299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Agonist BMS-986299","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NLRP3 Agonist BMS-986299","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"NLRP3 Agonist BMS-986299","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562818"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795266"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795266"}]}}{"C75228":{"preferredName":"Nocodazole","code":"C75228","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic tubulin-binding agent with antineoplastic activity. Nocodazole binds to beta-tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. This prevents mitosis and induces apoptosis in tumor cells. Although nocodazole binding site overlaps with that of colchicine, the two agents are structurally quite different.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Methyl (5-(2-thienylcarbonyl))-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOCODAZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nocodazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028247"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"31430-18-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SH1WY3R615"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H11N3O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nocodazole"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:34892"}]}}{"C700":{"preferredName":"Nogalamycin","code":"C700","definitions":[{"description":"An anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces nogalater. Nogalamycin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase I, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibiotic 205T3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOGALAMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"NOGALAMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Nogalamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Nogalamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U 15167","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"U-15167","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[2R-(2alpha,3beta,4alpha,5beta,6alpha,11beta,13alpha,14alpha)]-11-[(6-deoxy-3-C-methyl-2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-4(dimethylamino)-3,4,5,6,9,11,12,13,14,16-decahydro-3,5,8,10,13-pentahydroxy-6,13-dimethyl-9,16-dioxo-2,6-epoxy-2H-naphthaceno[1,2-b]oxocin-14-carboxylic acid methyl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"70845"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028261"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1404-15-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L059DCD6IP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C39H49NO16"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nogalamycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:44504"}]}}{"C1577":{"preferredName":"Nolatrexed Dihydrochloride","code":"C1577","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of liver cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called thymidylate synthase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The dihydrochloride salt of nolatrexed, a water-soluble lipophilic quinazoline folate analog with antineoplastic activity. Nolatrexed occupies the folate binding site of thymidylate synthase, resulting in inhibition of thymidylate synthase activity and thymine nucleotide synthesis with subsequent inhibition of DNA replication, DNA damage, S-phase cell cycle arrest, and caspase-dependent apoptosis. This agent also exhibits radiosensitizing activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,4-Dihydro-2-amino-6-methyl-4-oxy-5-(4-pyridylthio)-quinazoline Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG-337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG337","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NOLATREXED DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nolatrexed Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nolatrexed Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymitaq","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymitaq","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"nolatrexed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796399"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"152946-68-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hepatocellular carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1XA69O733O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42223"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42223"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H12N4OS.2ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nolatrexed"}]}}{"C84872":{"preferredName":"Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer mRNA-Derived Vaccine CV9201","code":"C84872","definitions":[{"description":"A non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) vaccine containing modified mRNAs encoding cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, melanoma-associated antigens C1 (MAGE-C1/CT7) and C2 (MAGE-C2/CT10), survivin, and the oncofetal antigen 5T4 with potential antitumor and immunomodulatory activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, non-small cell lung cancer mRNA-derived vaccine CV9201 may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic, antigen-specific T lymphocyte response (CTL) against NSCLC cells. The modified mRNAs in this vaccine are taken up by cells after injection and exhibit enhanced translational potency. The five tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) encoded by these mRNAs are frequently expressed by NSCLC cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CV9201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer mRNA-Derived Vaccine CV9201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412376"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648549"}]}}{"C703":{"preferredName":"Norgestrel","code":"C703","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic progestin commonly used alone or in combination with an estrogen for contraception. Norgestrel suppresses the secretion of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones (LH and FSH), thickens cervical mucus, and slows the transit of ova through the fallopian tubes. This agent also exhibits antiproliferative activity in endometrial tissue and may exhibit chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities in endometrial carcinoma. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+/-)-13-Ethyl-17alpha-hydroxy-18,19-dinorpregn-4-en-20-yne-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(17alpha)-(+/-)-13-Ethyl-17-hydroxy-18,19-dinorpregn-4-en-20-yne-3-one","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"NORGESTREL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Neogest","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Norgestrel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Norgestrel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovrette","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wy-3707","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028368"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6533-00-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Oral contraception"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3J8Q1747Z2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39310"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39310"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H28O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Norgestrel"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7630"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50901"}]}}{"C99122":{"preferredName":"North American Ginseng Extract AFX-2","code":"C99122","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available proprietary aqueous extract from the North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) dried root, primarily containing poly-furanosyl-pyranosyl-saccharides, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, North American ginseng extract AFX-2 may stimulate the proliferation and activation of B-lymphocytes and stimulates IgG production by B cells. Also, this agent induces maturation of dendritic cells, induces T cell proliferation and activates peritoneal exudate macrophages leading to an increase in the production of the cytokines interleukin -1 and -6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma and nitric oxide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFX-2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COLD-fX","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CVT-E002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"North American Ginseng Extract AFX-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panax quinquefolius Extract AFX-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1722695"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715600"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715600"}]}}{"C81423":{"preferredName":"Nortopixantrone","code":"C81423","definitions":[{"description":"A 9-aza-anthrapyrazole-based antineoplastic antibiotic. Nortopixantrone intercalates into DNA, induces single- and double-stranded DNA breaks and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. Nortopixantrone is less cardiotoxicity than anthracyclines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NORTOPIXANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nortopixantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825625"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"156090-17-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PH2639TAB4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H24N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nortopixantrone"}]}}{"C80589":{"preferredName":"Noscapine","code":"C80589","definitions":[{"description":"A phthalide isoquinoline non-narcotic alkaloid derived from the opium poppy Papaver somniferum, with mild analgesic, antitussive, and potential antineoplastic activities. Noscapine exerts its antitussive effects through the activation of sigma opioid receptors. This agent appears to exert its antimitotic effect by binding to tubulin, resulting in a disruption of microtubule assembly dynamics and subsequently, the inhibition of mitosis and tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NOSCAPINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Noscapine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"5366"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028426"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"128-62-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8V32U4AOQU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H23NO7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Noscapine"}]}}{"C61103":{"preferredName":"Noscapine Hydrochloride","code":"C61103","definitions":[{"description":"The orally available hydrochloride salt of the opioid agonist noscapine, a phthalideisoquinoline alkaloid derived from the opium poppy Papaver somniferum, with mild analgesic, antitussive, and potential antineoplastic activities. Noscapine binds to tubulin and alters its conformation, resulting in a disruption of the dynamics of microtubule assembly (by increasing the time that microtubules spend idle in a paused state) and subsequently, the inhibition of mitosis and tumor cell death. Unlike other tubulin inhibitors such as the taxanes and vinca alkaloids, noscapine does not affect microtubule polymerization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1(3H)Isobenzofuranone,6,7-dimethoxy-3-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,-dioxolo(4,5-g)isoquinolin-5-yl)-hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOSCAPINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Narcotine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noscapine HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noscapine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Noscapine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1450474"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"912-60-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Cough"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TTN62ITH9I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"469778"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"469778"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H23NO7.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Noscapine_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C19594":{"preferredName":"Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C19594","definitions":[{"description":"Not characterized in any other way.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NOS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Not Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not otherwise specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"UCUM"},{"termName":"{NOS}","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"UCUM"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518425"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"UCUM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Not_Otherwise_Specified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"NOS"}]}}{"C118569":{"preferredName":"Notch Signaling Inhibitor PF-06650808","code":"C118569","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Notch Signaling Inhibitor PF-06650808","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Notch Signaling Inhibitor PF-06650808","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06650808","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474089"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C49175":{"preferredName":"Notch Signaling Pathway Inhibitor MK0752","code":"C49175","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks signals between growing cells and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of signal transduction inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. MK0752 inhibits the Notch signaling pathway, which may result in induction of growth arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells in which the Notch signaling pathway is overactivated. The Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in cell-fate determination, cell survival, and cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MK-0752","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-0752","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MK0752","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK0752","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Notch Signaling Pathway Inhibitor MK0752","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Notch Signaling Pathway Inhibitor MK0752","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708824"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9JD9B4S53T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"446541"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"446541"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MK0752"}]}}{"C118948":{"preferredName":"Taletrectinib","code":"C118948","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) and the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1, 2 and 3, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, taletrectinib binds to and inhibits ROS1 and the NTRK family members. This inhibition leads to a disruption of ROS1- and NTRK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits the growth of tumor cells that are overexpressing ROS1 and/or NTRKs. ROS1, overexpressed in certain cancer cells, plays a key role in cell growth and survival of cancer cells. NTRK mutations or rearrangements play a key role in cancer progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB 106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-6051b","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALETRECTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Taletrectinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896871"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1505514-27-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W4141180YD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766123"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766123"}]}}{"C103297":{"preferredName":"Nucleolin Antagonist IPP-204106N","code":"C103297","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, multivalent, lysine-rich, pseudopeptide and nucleolin antagonist with potential anti-angiogenic, antineoplastic and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, IPP-204106N antagonizes nucleolin leading to a downregulation of cell-surface nucleolin; preventing the binding of certain growth promoting ligands to nucleolin may suppress tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. In addition, IPP-204106N is able to translocate to the nucleolus and bind to nucleolar nucleolin. This prevents nucleolin from binding to and stabilizing mRNA of the anti-apoptotic Bcl2; destabilizing Bcl2 mRNA leads to a reduction in Bcl2 protein synthesis and induces apoptosis. Further, this agent can antagonize nucleophosmin. Nucleolin, a nucleolar phosphoprotein, is overexpressed on the cell surface of certain cancer cells and binds ligands involved in cell proliferation, adhesion and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IPP-204106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N6L","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nucleolin Antagonist IPP-204106N","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641183"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742115"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742115"}]}}{"C116744":{"preferredName":"Nucleoside Analog DFP-10917","code":"C116744","definitions":[{"description":"A deoxycytosine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DFP-10917 is phosphorylated to generate its nucleotide form that functions as a deoxycytosine mimic and is incorporated into DNA in tumor cells. This causes DNA strand breaks during polymerization due to beta-elimination during the fidelity checkpoint, which results in G2/M phase-arrest and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2'-C-cyano-2'-deoxy-1-beta-D-arabino-pentofuranosylcytosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNDAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DFP-10917","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nucleoside Analog DFP-10917","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nucleoside Analog DFP-10917","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0091023"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741505"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741505"}]}}{"C156680":{"preferredName":"Fosifloxuridine Nafalbenamide","code":"C156680","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphoramidate-based prodrug of the monophosphate (MP) form of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FUdR; FUDR), the active metabolite of fluorouracil (5-FU), an antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the pyrimidine nucleoside, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the nucleotide analog prodrug fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide, fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide is readily taken up by tumor cells. In the tumor cell, the phosphoramidate moiety is removed and fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide is converted to its active form FUDR-MP. In turn, FUDR-MP binds to and inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), resulting in the depletion of thymidine triphosphate (TTP) and thus DNA synthesis. With the phosphoramidate moiety attached to FUDR-MP, fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide, compared to 5-FU, is more lipophilic and accumulates in cancer cells by passive diffusion and does not require a nucleoside transporter, thereby generating higher intracellular concentrations. In addition, compared to 5-FU, once inside the cell FUDR-MP does not need to be phosphorylated and is already in its active form. Unlike 5-FU, fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide does not get deactivated or converted into toxic metabolites by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) and thymidine phosphorylase (TP), which leads to both a longer half-life and less toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-FU Analog Prodrug NUC-3373","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOSIFLOXURIDINE NAFALBENAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fosifloxuridine Nafalbenamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fosifloxuridine Nafalbenamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Alanine, N-(-2'-Deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-p-1-naphthalenyl-5'-cytidylyl)-, Phenylmethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUC 3373","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUC-3373","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUC3373","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nucleotide Analog NUC-3373","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphoramidate-FUDR-MP Prodrug NUC-3373","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935731"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1332837-31-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4YO6QT3SZ9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795584"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795584"}]}}{"C71742":{"preferredName":"Nucleotide Analogue GS 9219","code":"C71742","definitions":[{"description":"A prodrug of the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogue 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)guanine (PMEG) with potential antineoplastic activity. Formulated to selectively accumulate in lymphocytes, nucleotide analogue GS 9219 is converted to its active metabolite, PMEG diphosphate (PMEGpp), via enzymatic hydrolysis, deamination, and phosphorylation; subsequently, PMEGpp is incorporated into nascent DNA chains by DNA polymerases, which may result in the termination of DNA synthesis, S-phase cell cycle arrest, and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible lymphoma cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)guanine nucleotide analogue prodrug GS 9219","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS9219","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nucleotide Analogue GS 9219","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nucleotide Analogue GS 9219","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"287459"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376149"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560932"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560932"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nucleotide_Analogue_GS_9219"}]}}{"C74594":{"preferredName":"Nutlin-3a","code":"C74594","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and MDM2 (murine double minute 2) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. In cancer cells, nutlin-3a antagonizes the binding of MDM2 to p53, thereby preventing MDM2-mediated p53 degradation. This results in stabilizing and activating p53-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The protein MDM2, a negative regulator of p53 activity, is overexpressed in many cancer cell types; the tumor suppressor p53 is mutated or deleted in about 50% of all cancers but active in the other 50%.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NUTLIN-3A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nutlin-3a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1956368"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L7C92IOE65"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nutlin-3a"}]}}{"C96036":{"preferredName":"Nutraceutical TBL-12","code":"C96036","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available nutritional supplement and proprietary formulation containing extracts from the sea cucumber, sea sponge, shark fin, sea urchin and the marine grass Sargassum, with potential antioxidant, antitumor, anti-angiogenic and immunomodulating activities. TBL-12 contains various amino acids, minerals, vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nutraceutical TBL-12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nutraceutical TBL-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TBL-12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428370"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696523"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696523"}]}}{"C62452":{"preferredName":"NY-ESO-1 Plasmid DNA Cancer Vaccine pPJV7611","code":"C62452","definitions":[{"description":"A plasmid DNA encoding an immunogenic peptide derived from the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, NY-ESO-1 plasmid DNA cancer vaccine pPJV7611 may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the NY-ESO-1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. NY-ESO-1 is a tumor associated antigen (TAA) found in normal testes and expressed on the surfaces of various tumor cells, including melanoma, breast, bladder, prostate, lung, ovarian, and hepatocellular tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NY-ESO-1 Plasmid DNA Cancer Vaccine pPJV7611","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pPJV7611","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pPJV7611 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831877"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489121"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489121"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"NY-ESO-1_Plasmid_DNA_Vaccine"}]}}{"C120557":{"preferredName":"NY-ESO-1-specific TCR Gene-transduced T Lymphocytes TBI-1301","code":"C120557","definitions":[{"description":"Human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following leukapheresis, isolation of lymphocytes, expansion ex vivo, transduction, and introduction into the patient, the NY-ESO-1-specific TCR gene-transduced T lymphocytes TBI-1301 bind to NY-ESO-1 on tumor cells. This may result in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of NY-ESO-1-positive cancer cells. NY-ESO-1, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is found in normal testis and on the surface of various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NY-ESO-1-specific TCR Gene-transduced T Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NY-ESO-1-specific TCR Gene-transduced T Lymphocytes TBI-1301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TBI-1301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053586"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769543"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769543"}]}}{"C113432":{"preferredName":"NY-ESO-1/GLA-SE Vaccine ID-G305","code":"C113432","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of a recombinant form of the tumor antigen NY-ESO-1 and glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (GLA)-stable emulsion (GLA-SE), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intramuscular injection, the adjuvant portion of the NY-ESO-1/GLA-SE vaccine ID-G30 binds to toll-like receptor subtype 4 (TLR-4) expressed on dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes, macrophages and B cells. The activated DCs present the NY-ESO-1 antigen to Th1 CD4 T-lymphocytes. This leads to the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and the killing of NY-ESO-1-expressing tumor cells. This vaccine also induces specific antibody responses and increases the production of inflammatory cytokines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ID-G305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDC-G305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NY-ESO-1/GLA-SE Vaccine ID-G305","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"NY-ESO-1/GLA-SE Vaccine ID-G305","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458226"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756236"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756236"}]}}{"C26680":{"preferredName":"NY-ESO-B","code":"C26680","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor-associated antigen belonging to the family of immunogenic testicular proteins that are aberrantly expressed in human cancers in a lineage-nonspecific fashion. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed NY-ESO-1 mRNA expression in a variable proportion of a wide array of human cancers, including melanoma, breast cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma; and restricted expression in normal tissues, with high-level mRNA expression found only in testis and ovary tissues. The gene for NY-ESO-1 maps to Xq28 and codes for an 18-kDa protein having no homology with any known protein. NY-ESO-1 elicits a strong, integrated humoral and cellular immune response in a high proportion of patients with NY-ESO-1-expressing tumors and is under investigation as a cancer immunotherapy agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NY-ESO-B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327762"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257347"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257347"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"NY-ESO-B"}]}}{"C1298":{"preferredName":"O-Chloroacetylcarbamoylfumagillol","code":"C1298","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic analog of fumagillin, an antibiotic isolated from the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus fresenius with antineoplastic activity. TNP-470 binds to and irreversibly inactivates methionine aminopeptidase-2 (MetAP2), resulting in endothelial cell cycle arrest late in the G1 phase and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. This agent may also induce the p53 pathway, thereby stimulating the production of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and inhibiting angiogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-Methoxy-4- [(2R,3R)-2-methyl-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) -oxiranyl]-1-oxaspiro [2,5] oct-6-yl(chloroacetyl) Carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-methoxy-4-(2-methyl-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxiranyl)-1-oxaspiro(2,5)oct-6-yl(chloroacetyl) carbamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGM-1470","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGM-1470","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"O-Chloroacetylcarbamoylfumagillol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNP-470","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNP-470","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TNP-470","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TNP-470","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"[3R-[3alpha,4alpha(2R*,3R*),5beta,6beta]]-5-Methoxy-4-[2-methyl-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxiranyl]-1-oxaspiro[2.5]oct-6-yl (chloroacetyl)carbamate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"642492"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0081489"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"129298-91-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X47GR46481"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41725"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41725"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TNP-470"}]}}{"C1306":{"preferredName":"O6-Benzylguanine","code":"C1306","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that may improve the response of cancer cells to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A guanine analogue with antineoplastic activity. O6-benzylguanine binds the DNA repair enzyme O(6)-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase (AGT), transferring the benzyl moiety to the active-site cysteine and resulting in inhibition of AGT-mediated DNA repair. Co-administration of this agent potentiates the effects of other chemotherapeutic agents that damage DNA. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-amino-6-(benzyloxy)purine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-amino-6-(phenylmethoxy)-9h-purine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-O-BENZYLGUANINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"6-O-Benzylguanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"O(6)-Benzylguanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"O(6)-benzylguanine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"O-6-Benzylguanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"O6-BG","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"O6-Benzylguanine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"O6-Benzylguanine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"O6-Benzylguanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"O6-Benzylguanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"637037"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0083812"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"19916-73-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"01KC87F8FE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42113"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42113"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H11N5O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"O_6_Benzylguanine"}]}}{"C62771":{"preferredName":"Obatoclax Mesylate","code":"C62771","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It is a form of obatoclax, which blocks the activity of certain proteins needed for cells to live and may cause tumor cells to die. It is a type of apoptosis inducer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The mesylate salt of obatoclax, a synthetic small-molecule inhibitor of the bcl-2 family of proteins with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Obatoclax binds to members of the Bcl-2 protein family, preventing the binding of these anti-apoptotic proteins to the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bak and so promoting the activation of the apoptotic pathway in Bcl-2-overexpressing cells. The Bcl-2 family of proteins (bcl-2, bcl-xl, bcl-w, and Mcl-1) are overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers, including those of the lymphatic system, breast, lung, prostate, and colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(2-[(3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylidene]-3-methoxy-2H-pyrrol-5-yl)-1H-indole Monomethanesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GX15-070MS","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBATOCLAX MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Obatoclax Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Obatoclax Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"obatoclax mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831948"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"803712-79-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"39200FJ43J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504100"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"504100"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H19N3O.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Obatoclax_Mesylate"}]}}{"C70741":{"preferredName":"Obinutuzumab","code":"C70741","definitions":[{"description":"A glycoengineered, humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Obinutuzumab, a third generation type II anti-CD20 antibody, selectivity binds to the extracellular domain of the human CD20 antigen on malignant human B cells. The Fc region carbohydrates of the antibody, enriched in bisected non-fucosylated glycosylation variants, contribute to its higher binding affinity for human FcgammaRIII receptors compared to non-glycoengineered antibodies, resulting in enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and caspase-independent apoptosis. In addition, modification of elbow hinge sequences within the antibody variable framework regions may account for the strong apoptosis-inducing activity of R7159 upon binding to CD20 on target cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Afutuzumab","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody R7159","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GA-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GA101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gazyva","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBINUTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Obinutuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Obinutuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R7159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 5072759","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5072759","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5072759","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huMAB(CD20)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742503"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"949142-50-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"follicular lymphoma (FL); chronic lymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O43472U9X8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570643"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570643"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD20_Monoclonal_Antibody_R7159"}]}}{"C66722":{"preferredName":"Oblimersen Sodium","code":"C66722","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may kill cancer cells by blocking the production of a protein that makes cancer cells live longer and by making them more sensitive to anticancer drugs. It is a type of antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt of a phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide targeted to the initiation codon region of mRNA for the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2. Oblimersen inhibits Bcl-2 mRNA translation, which may result in decreased expression of the Bcl-2 protein and tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may enhance the efficacy of standard cytotoxic chemotherapy. The anti-apoptotic bcl-2 protein is an integral outer mitochondrial membrane protein (OMMP) that is overexpressed in some cancer cell types and is linked to tumor drug resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anticode G3139","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Augmerosen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL-2 Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide G3139","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL-2 Antisense/G3139","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G3139","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G3139 Antisense Oligonucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G3139 BCL-2 Antisense Oligo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G3139 BCL-2 Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G3139 BCL-2 Antisense Oligonucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genasense","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genasense","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"OBLIMERSEN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oblimersen Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oblimersen Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"augmerosen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide G3139","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"oblimersen sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"683428"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935954"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"190977-41-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SH55B0RQ9K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42935"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C172H204N62O91P17S17.17Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oblimersen_Sodium"}]}}{"C2524":{"preferredName":"Ocaratuzumab","code":"C2524","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-engineered monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Ocaratuzumab specifically binds to CD20 antigen (B1), preventing mitogen-induced B-cell proliferation; inhibiting B-cell differentiation; and promoting antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and apoptosis of B cells expressing CD20. The Fc portion of this monoclonal antibody has been engineered to possess a higher binding affinity for variant Fc receptors on T helper cells, resulting in an augmentation of the anti-tumor immune response. Because of Fc engineering, this agent may be significantly more potent than rituximab in inducing B cell-directed ADCC. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B cells during most stages of B cell development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AME-133v","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody AME-133v","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 2469298","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb CD20","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCARATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ocaratuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ocaratuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody, CD20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831936"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1169956-08-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NTY9893GD0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500055"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"500055"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_CD20"}]}}{"C66250":{"preferredName":"Ocrelizumab","code":"C66250","definitions":[{"description":"A Fc-modified, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell CD20 cell surface antigen, with immunosuppressive activity. Ocrelizumab binds to CD20 on the surfaces of B-cells, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis (CDCL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of B-cells overexpressing CD20. The CD20 antigen, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that acts as a calcium ion channel, is found on over 90% of B-cells, B-cell lymphomas, and other lymphoid tumor cells of B-cell origin; it plays an important role in B-cell functioning.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OCRELIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ocrelizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR070769","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRO-70769","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRO70769","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO4964913","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhuMAb 2H7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1882138"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"637334-45-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A10SJL62JY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780147"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780147"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ocrelizumab"}]}}{"C711":{"preferredName":"Octreotide","code":"C711","definitions":[{"description":"A drug similar to the naturally occurring growth hormone inhibitor somatostatin. Octreotide is used to treat diarrhea and flushing associated with certain types of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic long-acting cyclic octapeptide with pharmacologic properties mimicking those of the natural hormone somatostatin. Octreotide is a more potent inhibitor of growth hormone, glucagon, and insulin than somatostatin. Similar to somatostatin, this agent also suppresses the luteinizing hormone response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone, decreases splanchnic blood flow, and inhibits the release of serotonin, gastrin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), secretin, motilin, pancreatic polypeptide, and thyroid stimulating hormone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D-Phenylalanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-phenyl-alanyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-threonyl-N-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)propyl]-L-cysteinamide Cyclic (2->7)-Disulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Phenylalanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-threonyl-L-cysteinyl-L-threoninol Cyclic (2->7)-Disulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Phenylalanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-threonyl-N-[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-(hyroxymethyl)propyl]-L-cysteinamide, Cyclic (2->7)-disulfide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"OCTREOTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Octreotide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Octreotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMS-201-995","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"octreotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"16917205"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028833"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83150-76-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acromegaly; Diarrhea"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RWM8CCW8GP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C49H66N10O10S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Octreotide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7726"}]}}{"C53447":{"preferredName":"Octreotide Acetate","code":"C53447","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt of a synthetic long-acting cyclic octapeptide with pharmacologic properties mimicking those of the natural hormone somatostatin. Octreotide is a more potent inhibitor of growth hormone, glucagon, and insulin than somatostatin. Similar to somatostatin, this agent also suppresses the luteinizing hormone response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone, decreases splanchnic blood flow, and inhibits the release of serotonin, gastrin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), secretin, motilin, pancreatic polypeptide, and thyroid stimulating hormone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D-Phenylalanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-threonyl-N-((1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)propyl)-L-cysteinamide cyclic (2->7)-disulfide Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Phenylalanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-threonyl-N-[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-(hyroxymethyl)propyl]-L-cysteinamide, Cyclic (2->7)-disulfide, Acetate (Salt)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Longastatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Longastatina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCTREOTIDE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Octreotide Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Octreotide Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Octreotide acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SMS 201-995","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMS 201-995 AC","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Samilstin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sandostatin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sandostatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sandostatin Lar Depot","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sandostatina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sandostatine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"671663"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0678117"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"79517-01-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acromegaly; Diarrhea"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"75R0U2568I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38866"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38866"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C49H66N10O10S2.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Octreotide_Acetate"}]}}{"C2402":{"preferredName":"Octreotide Pamoate","code":"C2402","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic long-acting octapeptide analogue of endogenous somatostatin. Octreotide pamoate binds to somatostatin receptors expressed by some neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine tumor cells, thereby initiating somatostatin receptor-mediated apoptosis. Other possible antineoplastic activities of this agent include suppression of tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth-promoting insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OCTREOTIDE PAMOATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OP LAR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Octreotide Embpnate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Octreotide Pamoate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Octreotide Pamoate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Octreotide Pamoate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Octreotide pamoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"OncoLar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMS 201-995 PA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMS 201-995 pa LAR","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMS 201-995 pa LAR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"685403"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338271"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"135467-16-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MWH8YQ1AIO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42358"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42358"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C49H66N10O10S2.C23H16O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Octreotide_Pamoate"}]}}{"C66952":{"preferredName":"Ofatumumab","code":"C66952","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) that has not gotten better with other chemotherapy. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer, including follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Arzerra binds to CD20, a protein on the surface of normal B cells and most B-cell tumors. This may kill the cancer cells. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human, high-affinity IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the B cell CD20 cell surface antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Ofatumumab binds specifically to CD20 on the surfaces of B cells, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis (CDCL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of B cells overexpressing CD20. The CD20 antigen, found on over 90% of B cells, B cell lymphomas, and other B cells of lymphoid tumors of B cell origin, is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that acts as a calcium ion channel; it is exclusively expressed on B cells during most stages of B cell development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arzerra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arzerra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GSK1841157","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMax-CD20","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMax-CD20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HuMax-CD20, 2F2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OFATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ofatumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ofatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ofatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832027"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"679818-59-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M95KG522R0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530015"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530015"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ofatumumab"}]}}{"C2558":{"preferredName":"Oglufanide Disodium","code":"C2558","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The disodium salt of a synthetic form of a naturally-occurring dipeptide consisting of L-glutamic acid and L-tryptophan with potential antiangiogenic and potential immunomodulating activities. Oglufanide inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which may inhibit angiogenesis. This agent has also been reported to stimulate the immune response to hepatitic C virus and intracellular bacterial infections.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLUFANIDE DISODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glufanide Disodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IM 862","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IM 862","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"IM-862","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IM862","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Tryptophan, L-alpha-glutamyl-, disodium salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oglufanide Disodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymogen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"12180893"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL032903"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"237068-57-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q60AU1LLNU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43387"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43387"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H17N3O5.2Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glufanide_Disodium"}]}}{"C71721":{"preferredName":"Olaparib","code":"C71721","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers caused by mutations (changes) in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks an enzyme involved in many functions of the cell, including the repair of DNA damage. DNA damage may be caused by normal cell actions, UV light, some anticancer drugs, and radiation used to treat cancer. AZD2281 may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of targeted therapy agent and a type of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential chemosensitizing, radiosensitizing, and antineoplastic activities. Olaparib selectively binds to and inhibits PARP, inhibiting PARP-mediated repair of single strand DNA breaks; PARP inhibition may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and may reverse tumor cell chemoresistance and radioresistance. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins and can be activated by single-stranded DNA breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 2281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-2281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD2281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD2281","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"KU-0059436","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lynparza","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLAPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Olaparib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Olaparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor AZD2281","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP inhibitor AZD2281","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"olaparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2316164"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"763113-22-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with deleterious or suspected deleterious germline or somatic homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene-mutated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), who have progressed following prior treatment with enzalutamide or abiraterone."},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"deleterious or suspected deleterious germline or somatic BRCA-mutated (gBRCAm or sBRCAm) advanced epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer; deleterious or suspected deleterious germline BRCA-mutated (gBRCAm), HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WOH1JD9AR8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560191"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560191"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H23FN4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PARP_Inhibitor_AZD2281"}]}}{"C99379":{"preferredName":"Olaptesed Pegol","code":"C99379","definitions":[{"description":"A 45-mer L-stereoisomer RNA oligonucleotide linked to a 40 kDa polyethyleneglycol that targets the small chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) with potential antineoplastic and hematopoietic stem cell-mobilization activities. SDF-1 targeted agent NOX-A12 specifically binds to SDF-1 thereby preventing the binding of SDF-1 to its receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7 blocking the subsequent receptor activation. This may prevent angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis and could sensitize tumor cells to chemotherapy. In addition, inhibition of SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction may induce mobilization of hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow into blood. The unique mirror-image configuration of this agent renders it resistant to hydrolysis and does not hybridize with native nucleic acids. Furthermore, this agent does not induce the innate immune response and has shown a favorable immunogenicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NOX-A12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLAPTESED PEGOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Olaptesed Pegol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274704"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1390628-22-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MTM792B442"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"719932"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"719932"}]}}{"C79825":{"preferredName":"Olaratumab","code":"C79825","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of glioblastoma (a type of brain tumor) that has come back. It binds to receptors for a protein called platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). This keeps PDGF from binding to the cells. This may stop the growth of cancer cells and blood vessels that have the receptors for PDGF. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR alpha) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-PDGFR alpha monoclonal antibody IMC-3G3 selectively binds to PDGFR alpha, .blocking the binding of its ligand, PDGF; signal transduction downstream of PDGFR through the MAPK and PI3K pathways is inhibited, which may result in inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Overexpressed by various cancer cell types, PDGFR is a transmembrane protein tyrosine kinase receptor, consisting of isoforms A and B that is important in regulating cellular growth and differentiation and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PDGFR alpha Monoclonal Antibody IMC-3G3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor alpha Monoclonal Antibody IMC-3G3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-3G3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-3G3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Lartruvo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLARATUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Olaratumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Olaratumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-PDGFR alpha monoclonal antibody IMC-3G3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"anti-platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha monoclonal antibody IMC-3G3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703171"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1024603-93-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"soft tissue sarcoma (STS)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TT6HN20MVF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626630"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"626630"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-PDGFR_alpha_Monoclonal_Antibody_IMC-3G3"}]}}{"C90586":{"preferredName":"Oleandrin","code":"C90586","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid soluble cardiac glycoside with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, oleandrin specifically binds to and inhibits the alpha3 subunit of the Na/K-ATPase pump in human cancer cells. This may inhibit the phosphorylation of Akt, upregulate MAPK, inhibit NF-kb activation and inhibit FGF-2 export and may downregulate mTOR thereby inhibiting p70S6K and S6 protein expression. All of this may lead to an induction of apoptosis. As cancer cells with relatively higher expression of the alpha3 subunit and with limited expression of the alpha1 subunit are more sensitive to oleandrin, one may predict the tumor response to treatment with lipid-soluble cardiac glycosides such as oleandrin based on the tumors Na/K-ATPase pump protein subunit expression. Overexpression of the alpha3 subunit in tumor cells correlates with tumor proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OLEANDRIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oleandrin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oleandrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBI-05204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0069397"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"II95UDU7I4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579304"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579304"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:59030"}]}}{"C123914":{"preferredName":"Oleclumab","code":"C123914","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody against the ectoenzyme CD73 (cluster of differentiation 73), also known as 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT; ecto-5'-nucleotidase) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, oleclumab targets and binds to CD73, leading to clustering of and internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and decreases the amount of free adenosine. This prevents adenosine-mediated lymphocyte suppression and increases the activity of CD8-positive effector cells. This also activates macrophages, and reduces both myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T-lymphocytes. By abrogating the inhibitory effect on the immune system and enhancing the cytotoxic T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells, tumor cell growth decreases. In addition, clustering and internalization of CD73 decreases the migration of cancer cells and prevents metastasis. CD73, a plasma membrane protein upregulated on a number of cancer cell types, catalyzes the conversion of extracellular nucleotides, such as AMP, to membrane-permeable nucleosides, such as adenosine; it plays a key role in adenosine-mediated immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI9447","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI9447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLECLUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oleclumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oleclumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498278"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1803176-05-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5CRY01URYQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775839"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775839"}]}}{"C61325":{"preferredName":"Oligonucleotide SPC2996","code":"C61325","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic antisense oligonucleotide against Bcl-2 messenger RNA with potential antitumor activity. Oligonucleotide SPC2996 binds to and inactivates Bcl-2 mRNA, thereby inhibiting the expression of Bcl-2 protein, promoting tumor cell apoptosis, and potentially enhancing the efficacy of standard cytotoxic chemotherapy. Linked to tumor drug resistance, the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 is upregulated in several types of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oligonucleotide SPC2996","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831825"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485272"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485272"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SPC2996_Oligonucleotide"}]}}{"C715":{"preferredName":"Olivomycin","code":"C715","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation containing a mixture of glycosidic antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces olivoreticuli with fluorescent microscopy applications and potential antineoplastic activities. Olivomycin preferentially binds to DNA and can be utilized as a fluorescent marker during the characterization of heterochromatin. Additionally, binding to DNA inhibits both RNA transcription and RNA elongation by RNA polymerase; therefore protein synthesis is inhibited. In addition, olivomycin antibiotics are able to induce apoptosis in tumor cells through a mechanism that has not yet been fully elucidated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OLIVOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OLIVOMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oligomycin A, mixt. with oligomycin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olivomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olivomycins","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toyomycin R","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"76411"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028967"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"11006-70-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"44003517D1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Olivomycin_Antibiotic"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:52515"}]}}{"C101791":{"preferredName":"Olmutinib","code":"C101791","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule, mutant-selective inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Olmutinib binds to and inhibits mutant forms of EGFR, thereby leading to cell death of EGFR-expressing tumor cells. As this agent is selective towards mutant forms of EGFR, its toxicity profile may be reduced as compared to non-selective EGFR inhibitors which also inhibit the EGFR wild type form.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenamide, N-(3-((2-((4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)phenyl)amino)thieno(3,2-d)pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 1482694","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM61713","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLMUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Olmutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Olmutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olmutinib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435909"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1353550-13-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CHL9B67L95"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733621"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733621"}]}}{"C1177":{"preferredName":"Oltipraz","code":"C1177","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used in cancer prevention.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic dithiolethione with potential chemopreventive and anti-angiogenic properties. Oltipraz induces phase II detoxification enzymes, such as glutathione S transferase (GST) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). The induction of detoxification enzymes enhances the detoxification of certain cancer-causing agents, thereby enhancing their elimination and preventing carcinogen-induced DNA damages. Although the exact mechanism through which the anti-angiogenesis effect remains to be fully elucidated, oltipraz maybe able to modulate the expression of a number of angiogenic factors, thereby blocking the sustained and focal neovascularization in multiple tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3H-1,2-Dithiole-3-thione, 4-methyl-5-pyrazinyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"3H-1,2-Dithiole-3-thione,4-methyl-5-pyrazinyl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Methyl-5-(pyrazinyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Methyl-5-pyrazinyl-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-(2-Pyrazinyl)-4-methyl-1,2-dithiol-3-thione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-[2-Pyrazinyl]-4-methyl-1,2-3-thione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLTIPRAZ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oltipraz","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Oltipraz","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oltipraz","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"RP-35,972","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oltipraz","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"347901"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0069456"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"64224-21-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6N510JUL1Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41866"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41866"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H6N2S3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oltipraz"}]}}{"C129687":{"preferredName":"Olutasidenib","code":"C129687","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1; IDH-1; IDH1 [NADP+] soluble) with a mutation at arginine (R) 132, IDH1(R132), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, olutasidenib specifically inhibits IDH1(R132), thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells expressing IDH(R132). IDH1(R132) mutations are highly expressed in certain malignancies, including gliomas; they initiate and drive cancer growth by both blocking cell differentiation and catalyzing the formation of 2HG.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyridinecarbonitrile, 5-(((1S)-1-(6-chloro-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3-quinolinyl)ethyl)amino)-1,6-dihydro-1-methyl-6-oxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT 2102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT-2102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDH1-R132 Inhibitor FT-2102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLUTASIDENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Olutasidenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Olutasidenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507891"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0T4IMT8S5Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780143"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780143"}]}}{"C1127":{"preferredName":"Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate","code":"C1127","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the plant alkaloid family of drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic formulation of the cytotoxic plant alkaloid homoharringtonine isolated from the evergreen tree Cephalotaxus with potential antineoplastic activity. Omacetaxine mepesuccinate binds to the 80S ribosome in eukaryotic cells and inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with chain elongation. This agent also induces differentiation and apoptosis in some cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGX-635","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ceflatonin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cephalotaxine, 4-Methyl 2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)butanedioate (Ester)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cephalotaxine, 4-Methyl 2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)butanedioate (Ester), [3(R)]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cephalotaxine, 4-methyl 2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)butanedioate (ester), [3(R)]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"HHT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMACETAXINE MEPESUCCINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synribo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"homoharringtonine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"141633"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0062941"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"26833-87-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6FG8041S5B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39476"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39476"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H39NO9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Homoharringtonine"}]}}{"C78480":{"preferredName":"Ombrabulin","code":"C78480","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic water-soluble analogue of combretastatin A4, derived from the South African willow bush (Combretum caffrum), with potential vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Ombrabulin binds to the colchicine binding site of endothelial cell tubulin, inhibiting tubulin polymerization and inducing mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. As apoptotic endothelial cells detach from their substrata, tumor blood vessels collapse; the acute disruption of tumor blood flow may result in tumor necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxy-n-(2-methoxy-5-((1Z)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)phenyl)propanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC7700","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVE8062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combretastatin A4 Analogue AVE8062","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMBRABULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ombrabulin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ombrabulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0910081"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"181816-48-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"82JB1524Q6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600816"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H26N2O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Combretastatin_A4_Analogue_AVE8062"}]}}{"C88270":{"preferredName":"Omipalisib","code":"C88270","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule pyridylsulfonamide inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. Omipalisib binds to and inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, which may trigger the translocation of cytosolic Bax to the mitochondrial outer membrane, increasing mitochondrial membrane permeability and inducing apoptotic cell death. Bax is a member of the proapoptotic Bcl2 family of proteins. PI3K, often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, 2,4-Difluoro-N-(2-methoxy-5-(4-(4-pyridazinyl)-6-quinolinyl)-3-pyridinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2126458","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMIPALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Omipalisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Omipalisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981793"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1086062-66-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1X8F5A3NA0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655580"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655580"}]}}{"C85454":{"preferredName":"Onalespib","code":"C85454","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Onalespib selectively binds to Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding, stability and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2,4-Dihydroxy-5-isopropylphenyl)-(5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl)methanone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT 13387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT-13387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT13387","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONALESPIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Onalespib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Onalespib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2975147"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"912999-49-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q7Y33N57ZZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642817"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642817"}]}}{"C129425":{"preferredName":"Onalespib Lactate","code":"C129425","definitions":[{"description":"The lactate form of onalespib, a synthetic, orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Onalespib selectively binds to Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding, stability and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AT-13387 Lactate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATI-13387A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATI-13387AU","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONALESPIB LACTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Onalespib Lactate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Onalespib Lactate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanoic Acid, 2-Hydroxy-, (2S)-, Compound with (1,3-Dihydro-5-((4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl)-2H-isoindol-2-yl)(2,4-dihydroxy-5-(1-methylethyl)phenyl)methanone (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512600"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1019889-35-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"66226JUH2I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C82348":{"preferredName":"Onartuzumab","code":"C82348","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monovalent monoclonal antibody directed against the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-MET monoclonal antibody MetMAb binds to the extracellular domain of c-Met, preventing the binding of its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF); the activation of the c-Met signaling pathway is thus inhibited, which may result in cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of a variety of cancer cell types and may play a key role in their proliferation, invasion and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-MET Monoclonal Antibody MetMAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MetMAb","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OA-5D5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONARTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Onartuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Onartuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRO 143966","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826110"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1133766-06-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MS1J9720WC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639516"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639516"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-MET_Monoclonal_Antibody_MetMAb"}]}}{"C74067":{"preferredName":"Tasadenoturev","code":"C74067","definitions":[{"description":"An adenovirus serotype 5 strain, selectively replication competent in cells defective in the Rb/p16 tumor suppressor pathway, with potential oncolytic activity. Tasadenoturev contains an integrin binding RGD-4C motif, allowing Coxsackie adenovirus receptor-independent infection of tumor cells, which are often deficient for Coxsackie and adenovirus receptors (CARs). Selectively replication competent in cells that are defective in retinoblastoma gene (Rb) or cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2A (p16), active replication of oncolytic adenovirus Ad5-Delta 24RGD in tumor cells may induce oncolysis or cell lysis. As integral components of the late G1 restriction point, the Rb gene product and p16 are negative regulators of the cell cycle; ovarian cancer cells and non-small cell lung cancer cells may be defective in the Rb/p16 pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ad5-Delta24RGD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNX-2401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNX2401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Ad5-Delta 24RGD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenovirus Ad5-DNX-2401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenovirus Ad5-Delta 24RGD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TASADENOTUREV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tasadenoturev","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tasadenoturev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383850"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1448774-00-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"79ME7DT193"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590711"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590711"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oncolytic_Ad5-Delta_24RGD"}]}}{"C162635":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 C134","code":"C162635","definitions":[{"description":"A neurovirulent, oncolytic second-generation, replication-competent, recombinant and genetically-engineered herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) where the gene for ICP34.5 has been deleted and the gene encoding the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), protein kinase R (PKR) evasion protein IRS1, with potential oncolytic and immunostimulating activities. Upon intratumoral administration, oncolytic HSV-1 C134 specifically infects and replicates within the rapidly dividing, glioma cells, thereby directly lysing tumor cells. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells, thereby further killing tumor cells. Tumor antigens released from the lysed tumor cells also activate the immune system to induce a tumor-specific systemic immune and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response, thereby killing nearby non-infected tumor cells. Deletion of the gene encoding for ICP34.5 imparts tumor selectivity by preventing replication in healthy cells. IRS1 expression allows the virus to replicate within tumors but limits viral spread.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C 134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C134-HSV-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRS-1 HSV C134","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 C134","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 C134","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oHSV C134","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971027"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798723"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798723"}]}}{"C2676":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 G207","code":"C2676","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroattenuated, replication-competent, recombinant herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) with potential oncolytic activity. Upon intracerebral administration, oncolytic HSV-1 G207 preferentially replicates within glioma cells, which may elicit tumor-specific systemic immune and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in addition to direct cytopathic effects. Derived from wild-type HSV-1 strain F, this agent has been neuroattenuated by deletions in both copies of the gamma34.5 gene, the major determinant of HSV neurovirulence. In addition, the HSV-1 gene UL39, encoding the viral ribonucleotide reductase large subunit infected cell protein 6 (ICP6), has been inactivated through the insertion of the Escherichia coli lacZ gene. By inactivating UL39, viral ribonucleotide reductase activity is disrupted, resulting in the inhibition of nucleotide metabolism and viral DNA synthesis in nondividing cells but not in dividing cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"G207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 G207","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134718"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38634"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38634"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"G207"}]}}{"C2623":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 NV1020","code":"C2623","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically engineered oncolytic virus with potential antineoplastic property. NV1020 is constructed from the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) by the deletion of a single copy of the gamma (1)34.5 gene and the substitution of the UL23 region of the thymidine kinase (tk) gene with a DNA fragment from HSV-2, thereby resulting in a replication-competent, attenuated virus. This modified virus preferentially transfects rapidly dividing cells, which causes cell lysis in tumor cells. NV1020 has shown reduced virulence against normal tissues and a decreased neurovirulence in comparison with some other modified HSV strains.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NV1020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NV1020","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 NV1020","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935802"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38237"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38237"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"NV1020"}]}}{"C139551":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 rQNestin34.5v.2","code":"C139551","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroattenuated, replication-competent, recombinant and genetically-engineered herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), with potential oncolytic and immunostimulating activities. In rQNestin34.5v.2, the UL39 gene encoding for the viral ribonucleotide reductase large subunit infected cell protein 6 (ICP6) and both endogenous copies of the gamma34.5 gene that encodes for the RL1 neurovirulence protein infected cell protein 34.5 (ICP34.5), which is needed for robust viral growth in an infected cell, are deleted, and one copy of the gamma34.5 gene is reinserted under control of a nestin promoter, which is selectively activated in gliomas. Upon intratumoral administration, oncolytic HSV-1 rQNestin34.5v.2 preferentially infects and replicates within the rapidly dividing, glioma cells, thereby directly lysing tumor cells. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells, thereby further killing tumor cells. rQNestin34.5v.2 also elicits a tumor-specific systemic immune and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response, thereby killing nearby non-infected tumor cells. By inactivating UL39, viral ribonucleotide reductase activity is disrupted, resulting in the inhibition of nucleotide metabolism and viral DNA synthesis in non-dividing, healthy cells but not in dividing cells. Glioma-selective expression of ICP34.5 imparts tumor selectivity by preventing replication in healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genetically Engineered HSV-1 Virus rQNestin34.5v.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 rQNestin34.5v.2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 rQNestin34.5v.2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic rQNestin34.5v.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic rQNestin34.5v.2 HSV Virus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rQNestin34.5v.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526908"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791103"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791103"}]}}{"C90563":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 rRp450","code":"C90563","definitions":[{"description":"A gene therapy agent containing an attenuated, replication-competent, genetically engineered mutant form of the Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) strain KOS with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infusion into the hepatic artery, oncolytic HSV-1 rRp450 replicates in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and exerts direct cytotoxic effects eventually disrupting cancer cell membranes and liberating progeny virions thereby infecting adjacent tumor cells. In addition, rRp450 expresses the cytochrome P450 transgene that activates oxazaphosphorines, such as cyclophosphamide (CPA). Therefore, CPA can become activated in the presence of rRp450 and exert its antineoplastic effect. rRp450 is deleted for the HSV-1 gene UL39, encoding the viral ribonucleotide reductase large subunit infected cell protein 6 (ICP6), thereby disrupting the activity of viral ribonucleotide reductase and resulting in the inhibition of nucleotide metabolism and viral DNA synthesis in nondividing cells but not in dividing cells. UL39 is replaced by the rat CYP2B1 gene, encoding a cytochrome P450 enzyme that activates oxazaphosphorines. rRp450 also expresses viral thymidine kinase, which activates the cancer prodrug ganciclovir.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 rRp450","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 rRp450","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rRp450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416247"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666906"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"666906"}]}}{"C84840":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic HSV1716","code":"C84840","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroattenuated, replication-restricted, ICP34.5 deleted (RL1 gene)-mutant herpes simplex virus (HSV) type I, constructed from wild-type strain 17, with potential oncolytic activity. Upon intratumoral injection, oncolytic HSV1716 transfects, replicates in, and lyses rapidly dividing cells such as tumor cells. Because the RL1 gene is deleted, HSV1716 is unable to replicate in non-dividing cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HSV1716","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV1716","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV1716","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412391"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650036"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650036"}]}}{"C165457":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus MEDI5395","code":"C165457","definitions":[{"description":"An oncolytic viral agent containing the oncolytic, live-attenuated, replication-competent strain of the avian paramyxovirus Newcastle disease virus (NDV) that has been engineered to include a transgene encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration, MEDI5395 specifically infects and replicates in cancer cells. This may result in a direct cytotoxic effect involving the lysis of tumor cells via apoptotic mechanisms and may eventually lead to an inhibition of cancer cell proliferation through the increased production and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines which are able to recruit mediators of both the innate and adaptive immune responses. Additionally, the inclusion of the GM-CSF transgene in the viral construct leads to expression of GM-CSF, which may potentiate and strengthen the anti-tumor immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEDI 5395","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-5395","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI5395","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic NDV MEDI5395","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus MEDI5395","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus MEDI5395","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant NDV Expressing GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"recNDV(GM-CSF)","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978581"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799776"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799776"}]}}{"C91700":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus MTH-68H","code":"C91700","definitions":[{"description":"An oncolytic viral agent containing the oncolytic, live-attenuated strain of the paramyxovirus Newcastle disease virus (NDV), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, NDV MTH-68H specifically infects and replicates in cancer cells. This may result in a direct cytotoxic effect involving the lysis of tumor cells via apoptotic mechanisms and may eventually lead to an inhibition of cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MTH-68H","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic NDV MTH-68H","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus MTH-68H","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL422080"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257613"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257613"}]}}{"C2799":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus Strain PV701","code":"C2799","definitions":[{"description":"A virus that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of viruses that cause Newcastle disease in birds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An attenuated, replication-competent, oncolytic strain of Newcastle disease virus. PV701 selectively lyses tumor cells. The selectivity of this agent is related to defects in the interferon-mediated antiviral response found in tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus Strain PV701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV701","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PV701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"700553"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327815"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"258388"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"258388"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PV701"}]}}{"C161021":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic Virus ASP9801","code":"C161021","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered oncolytic virus with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intratumoral injection of ASP-9801, the oncolytic virus selectively targets and replicates in cancer cells without being able to infect and replicate in normal, healthy cells. This induces selective oncolytic virus-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells, which leads to cancer cell lysis. Following the lysis of infected cells, the replicated virus is released and can infect adjacent tumor cells, which both induces further tumor cell oncolysis and may activate the immune system to exert an anti-tumor immune response against the tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASP 9801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP-9801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASP9801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Virus ASP9801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Virus ASP9801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969987"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798437"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798437"}]}}{"C158074":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic Virus RP1","code":"C158074","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically modified oncolytic viral strain of the herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) virus, with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the oncolytic virus RP1 specifically targets, infects and replicates in tumor cells only while not infecting normal, healthy cells. This induces tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells, thereby further killing tumor cells. The released tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) from the tumor cells activate the immune system to exert an anti-tumor immune response against the tumor cells, thereby further killing the tumor cells. The virus itself also elicits a tumor-specific systemic immune and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response, thereby killing nearby non-infected tumor cells. In RP1, ICP34.5 and 47 proteins of the HSV1 strain have been deleted; RP1 expresses a fusogenic protein for optimal tumor cell infection and killing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genetically Modified HSV-1 Oncolytic Immunotherapeutic RP1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSV-1 Engineered RP1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSV-1 Oncolytic Viral Strain RP1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSV-1 RP1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Virus RP1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Virus RP1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937703"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797350"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797350"}]}}{"C48007":{"preferredName":"Ondansetron Hydrochloride","code":"C48007","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to treat nausea and vomiting caused by cancer treatment. It is a type of serotonin receptor antagonist and a type of antiemetic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of the racemic form of ondansetron, a carbazole derivative and a selective, competitive serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist with antiemetic activity. Although its mechanism of action has not been fully characterized, ondansetron appears to competitively block the action of serotonin at 5HT3 receptors peripherally in the gastrointestinal tract as well as centrally in the area postrema of the CNS, where the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) for vomiting is located, resulting in the suppression of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4H-Carbazol-4-one, 1,2,3,9-Tetrahydro-9-methyl-3-((2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)-, Monohydrochloride, (+-)-, Dihydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR 38032F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GR-C507/75","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONDANSETRON HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ondansetron Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ondansetron Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN-307","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zofran","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zofran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Zofran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ondansetron hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"665799"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700478"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"103639-04-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Nausea and vomiting prophylaxis, chemotherapy-induced and postoperative"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NMH84OZK2B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489533"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489533"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H19N3O.HCl.2H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ondansetron_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C82406":{"preferredName":"Ontuxizumab","code":"C82406","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against human endosialin/TEM1 (tumor endothelial marker;CD248) with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Ontuxizumab binds to and inhibits the activity of cell surface protein endosialin/TEM1, which may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Endosialin/TEM1 plays a key role in angiogenesis and may be overexpressed on tumor stromal cells and endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Protein TEM1 (Tumor Endothelial Marker 1)) (Human-Mouse Monoclonal MORAb-004 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mouse Monoclonal MORAb-004 kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORAb-004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONTUXIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ontuxizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ontuxizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826153"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946415-62-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0M2XT000YC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638168"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638168"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-Endosialin_Monoclonal_Antibody_MORAb-004"}]}}{"C143162":{"preferredName":"Onvansertib","code":"C143162","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) competitive inhibitor of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1; PLK-1; STPK13), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, onvansertib selectively binds to and inhibits PLK1, which disrupts mitosis and induces selective G2/M cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis in PLK1-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine kinase that is crucial for the regulation of mitosis, and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. PLK1 expression is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and high expression is associated with increased aggressiveness and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"'PLK1 Inhibitor PCM-075","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMS-1286937","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONVANSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Onvansertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Onvansertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCM 075","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCM-075","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLK-1 Inhibitor PCM-075","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor NMS-1286937","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor PCM-075","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413568"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541611"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1034616-18-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"67RM91WDHQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792149"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792149"}]}}{"C98278":{"preferredName":"Opaganib","code":"C98278","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, aryladamantane compound and selective inhibitor of sphingosine kinase-2 (SK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, opaganib competitively binds to and inhibits SK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of the pro-apoptotic amino alcohol sphingosine to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), the lipid mediator that is pro-survival and critical for immunomodulation. This may eventually lead to the induction of apoptosis and may result in an inhibition of cell proliferation in cancer cells overexpressing SK2. SK2 and its isoenzyme SK1 are overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Pyridinylmethyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl) Adamantane Carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABC 294640","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABC294640","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OPAGANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Opaganib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Opaganib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SK2 inhibitor ABC294640","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tricyclo(3.3.1.13,7)decane-1-carboxamide, 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-N-(4-pyridinylmethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yeliva","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2933331"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"915385-81-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DRG21OQ517"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712053"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712053"}]}}{"C90545":{"preferredName":"OPCs/Green Tea/Spirullina/Curcumin/Antrodia Camphorate/Fermented Soymilk Extract Capsule","code":"C90545","definitions":[{"description":"A capsule containing a fermented soymilk extract and oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs), green tea, spirullina, curcumin and antrodia camphorate powder, with potential antioxidant, immunomodulating, anti-infective and anti-cancer activities. OPCs/green tea/spirullina/curcumin/antrodia camphorate/fermented soymilk extract capsule may boost the immune system and may alleviate fatigue and poor appetite in cancer chemotherapy patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MB-6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OPCs/Green Tea/Spirullina/Curcumin/Antrodia Camphorate/Fermented Soymilk Extract Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins/Green Tea/Spirullina/Curcumin/Antrodia Camphorate/Fermented Soymilk Extract Capsule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416226"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665369"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665369"}]}}{"C48413":{"preferredName":"Opioid Growth Factor","code":"C48413","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that relieves pain and is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Opioid growth factors bind to cells in the body, including tumor cells, which have opioid growth factor receptors on the surface. This may help stop the growth of the tumor cells. It may also prevent the growth of blood vessels that tumors need to grow. An opioid growth factor is a type of biological response modifier and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An endogenous pentapeptide with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Opioid growth factor (OGF) binds to and activates the OGF receptor, present on some tumor cells and vascular cells, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OGF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Opioid Growth Factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"opioid growth factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541553"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"428488"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"428488"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Opioid_Growth_Factor"}]}}{"C61307":{"preferredName":"Oportuzumab Monatox","code":"C61307","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of certain types of head and neck cancer. Anti-EpCAM-Pseudomonas-exotoxin fusion protein is made by linking a monoclonal antibody fragment to a toxic protein that may kill cancer cells. It binds to EpCAM (a protein on the surface of epithelial cells and some types of cancer cells).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fusion protein immunotoxin consisting of a humanized, single-chain monoclonal antibody fragment specific for the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) conjugated with a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin A with potential antineoplastic activity. Oportuzumab monatox binds to Ep-CAM-positive tumor cells, thereby delivering the Pseudomonas exotoxin A moiety specifically; the Pseudomonas exotoxin A moiety then inactivates elongation factor 2 (EF-2) through ADP ribosylation, resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis in target cells. EpCAM, a cell surface protein, is expressed by a variety of tumor cells and is frequently found in head and neck cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OPORTUZUMAB MONATOX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oportuzumab Monatox","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oportuzumab Monatox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proxinium","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proxinium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VB4 845","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VB4-845","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VB4-845","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Vicinium","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-EpCAM-Pseudomonas-exotoxin fusion protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831819"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"945228-48-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"advanced, recurrent head and neck cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"945CY7ZMI2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485164"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485164"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-EpCAM-Pseudomonas-exotoxin_Fusion_Protein"}]}}{"C91388":{"preferredName":"Oprozomib","code":"C91388","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable proteasome inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Proteasome inhibitor ONX 0912 inhibits the activity of the proteasome, thereby blocking the targeted proteolysis normally performed by the proteasome; this may result in an accumulation of unwanted or misfolded proteins. Disruption of various cell signaling pathways may follow, eventually leading to the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor growth. Proteasomes are large protease complexes that degrade unneeded or damaged proteins that have been ubiquitinated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"O-methyl-N-((2-methylthiazol-5-yl)carbonyl)-l-seryl-O-methyl-N-((1S)-1-benzyl-2-((2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl)-l-serinamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OPROZOMIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oprozomib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oprozomib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-047","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proteasome Inhibitor ONX 0912","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2976183"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"935888-69-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MZ37792Y8J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674605"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674605"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H32N4O7S"}]}}{"C99763":{"preferredName":"Oral Aminolevulinic Acid Hydrochloride","code":"C99763","definitions":[{"description":"A powder for an oral solution comprised of the hydrochloride salt of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) with a potential application for photodynamic therapy. After oral administration, ALA is converted intracellularly into the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Upon exposure to light of appropriate wavelength (violet to blue range), excited PpIX emits a characteristic red fluorescence which could facilitate guided resection, and generates excited singlet oxygen molecules that could kill cells when appropriate laser dosage is applied. ALA is preferentially taken up by and accumulates in many types of cancer cells compared to normal, healthy cells. Consequently, cancer cells can be visualized and can be distinguished from normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Aminolevulinic Acid Hydrochloride, Oral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleolan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliolan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral 5-ALA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral ALA HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Aminolevulinic Acid Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oral Aminolevulinic Acid Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433488"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adjunct for the visualization of malignant tissue (glioma) during surgery"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"723865"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"723865"}]}}{"C118288":{"preferredName":"Oral Azacitidine","code":"C118288","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable formulation of azacitidine, a pyrimidine nucleoside analogue of cytidine, with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, azacitidine is taken up by cells and metabolized to 5-azadeoxycitidine triphosphate. The incorporation of 5-azadeoxycitidine triphosphate into DNA reversibly inhibits DNA methyltransferase, and blocks DNA methylation. Hypomethylation of DNA by azacitidine may re-activate tumor suppressor genes previously silenced by hypermethylation, resulting in an antitumor effect. In addition, the incorporation of 5-azacitidine triphosphate into RNA disrupts normal RNA function and impairs tRNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase activity, resulting in an inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-486","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Azacitidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474140"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764239"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764239"}]}}{"C159540":{"preferredName":"Oral Cancer Vaccine V3-OVA","code":"C159540","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available cancer vaccine composed of autologous ovarian cancer antigens obtained from hydrolyzed, inactivated blood and tumor tissue of patients with ovarian cancer, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of the oral cancer vaccine V3-OVA, the ovarian cancer antigens stimulate the immune system and activate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against ovarian cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Vaccine V3-OVA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Cancer Vaccine V3-OVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tableted Vaccine V3-OVA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3 OVA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3-OVA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3OVA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951378"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797490"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797490"}]}}{"C131903":{"preferredName":"Oral Docetaxel","code":"C131903","definitions":[{"description":"An oral proprietary P-glycoprotein (P-gp) pump inhibitor-based formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semisynthetic analogue of paclitaxel, and a P-gp pump inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of oral docetaxel, the P-gp pump inhibitor moiety, which is not absorbed, binds to the P-gp pump in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and prevents the P-gp pump-mediated efflux of docetaxel from cells the docetaxel has been internalized by back into the GI tract. This decreases P-gp-mediated excretion and enhances absorption of docetaxel. Upon absorption, docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizes tubulin and inhibits microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. The P-gp pump inhibitor enhances the bioavailability of certain poorly bioavailable agents and thereby allows oral administration of those agents. P-gp, an efflux membrane transporter, plays a key role in active drug export, and prevents cellular uptake and accumulation of certain substances.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Docetaxel-P-glycoprotein Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docetaxel-P-gp Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oradoxel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Docetaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521226"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786271"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786271"}]}}{"C64338":{"preferredName":"Oral Fludarabine Phosphate","code":"C64338","definitions":[{"description":"An oral formulation of the phosphate salt of fludarabine, a synthetic purine nucleoside analogue antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. Fudarabine is preferentially transported into malignant cells and metabolized by deoxycytidine kinase to its active form, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP; 2-fluoro-ara-ATP competes directly with deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) and inhibits alpha DNA polymerase, RNA reductase, and DNA primase, which may result in inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fludara Oral","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Fludarabine Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831839"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486428"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486428"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Fludarabine_Phosphate"}]}}{"C78843":{"preferredName":"Oral Hsp90 Inhibitor IPI-493","code":"C78843","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable formulation of the ansamycin derivative 17-amino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AG) with potential antineoplastic activity. Oral Hsp90 inhibitor IPI-493 binds to and inhibits Hsp90, which may result the in growth inhibition in sensitive tumor cell populations. Hsp90, a 90 kDa molecular chaperone, may be highly expressed in tumor cells, playing a key role in the conformational maturation, stability and function of other substrate or \"client\" proteins within the cell; many of these client proteins are involved in signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, and may include kinases, transcription factors and hormone receptors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-Aminodemethoxygeldanamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Aminogeldanamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor IPI-493","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-493","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Hsp90 Inhibitor IPI-493","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oral Hsp90 Inhibitor IPI-493","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"255109"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703137"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610131"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610131"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hsp90_Inhibitor_IPI-493"}]}}{"C63478":{"preferredName":"Oral Ixabepilone","code":"C63478","definitions":[{"description":"An enteric-coated formulation of ixabepilone, a semisynthetic analogue of epothilone B and a non-taxane tubulin inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity. Ixabepilone binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with the dynamics of microtubule assembly/disassembly. This results in cell cycle arrest at the G2-M phase and leads to apoptosis within fast growing tumor cells. This agent demonstrates antineoplastic activity against taxane-resistant cell lines. Compared to intravenously administered ixabepilone, the oral formulation provides a more manageable way to administer this agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Ixabepilone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL415081"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486610"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486610"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Ixabepilone"}]}}{"C71132":{"preferredName":"Oral Microencapsulated Diindolylmethane","code":"C71132","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable microencapsulated formulation of diindolylmethane, an indole phytonutrient found in cruciferous vegetables, with estrogen-modulating, antiandrogenic, and potential antineoplastic activities. As a dimer of indole-3-carbinol, diindolylmethane (DIM) modulates estrogen balance by reducing the levels of 16-hydroxy estrogen metabolites and increasing the formation of beneficial 2-hydroxy estrogen metabolites. DIM also antagonizes androgen receptor activity, which may result in diminished cell proliferation and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations. Pure DIM, which is relatively hydrophobic, is poorly absorbed after oral administration. This oral formulation, which consists of DIM, d-alpha-tocopheryl acid succinate, phosphatidylcholine, and silica microencapsulated in starch, significantly improves the gastrointestinal absorption of DIM.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BR-DIM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BioResponse DIM","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Microencapsulated Diindolylmethane","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oral Microencapsulated Diindolylmethane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL377701"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577331"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577331"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Microencapsulated_Diindolylmethane"}]}}{"C77880":{"preferredName":"Milataxel","code":"C77880","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable taxane with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, milataxel and its major active metabolite M-10 bind to and stabilize tubulin, resulting in the inhibition of microtubule depolymerization and cell division, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Unlike other taxane compounds, milataxel appears to be a poor substrate for the multidrug resistance (MDR) membrane-associated P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump and may be useful for treating multidrug-resistant tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAC-321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MILATAXEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Milataxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL-00139","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL139","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387339"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J41Q4S20GS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"597742"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"597742"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Milataxel"}]}}{"C158745":{"preferredName":"Oral Myoma Vaccine V3-myoma","code":"C158745","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available therapeutic myoma vaccine containing pooled antigens derived from hydrolyzed, inactivated blood and tumor tissue samples from patients with uterine myoma, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, V3-myoma may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated response against cells expressing myoma-associated antigens. This may reduce the myoma growth and improve myoma-related symptoms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Myoma Vaccine V3-myoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3 Myoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3 Myoma Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3-myoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3-myoma Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL950711"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797410"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797410"}]}}{"C150400":{"preferredName":"Oral Pancreatic Cancer Vaccine V3-P","code":"C150400","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of the carbohydrate antigen sialyl-Lewis A (carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA19.9; CA19-9) that is derived from pooled blood of pancreatic cancer patients, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon oral administration of the oral pancreatic cancer vaccine V3-P, the CA19.9 antigens may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against pancreatic cancer cells expressing the CA19.9 antigen. CA19.9 is overexpressed on a number of different tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell survival and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Vaccine V3-P","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Pancreatic Cancer Vaccine V3-P","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Tableted Therapeutic Vaccine V3-P","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3 P","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3-P","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3-P Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V3P","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552151"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792852"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792852"}]}}{"C68924":{"preferredName":"Oral Picoplatin","code":"C68924","definitions":[{"description":"An oral preparation of picoplatin, a third generation platinum compound with antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome platinum drug resistance, picoplatin alkylates DNA, forming both inter- and intra-strand cross-linkages, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and RNA transcription and the induction of apoptosis. Because of the increase in steric bulk around the platinum center, there is a relative reduction in the inactivation of picoplatin by thiol-containing species such as glutathione and metallothionein in comparison to cisplatin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Picoplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picoplatin (Oral)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL374343"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551562"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551562"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Picoplatin"}]}}{"C67083":{"preferredName":"Oral Sodium Phenylbutyrate","code":"C67083","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active derivative of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate with potential antineoplastic activity. 4-Phenylbutyrate inhibits histone deacetylase, resulting in cell cycle gene expression modulation, reduced cell proliferation, increased cell differentiation, and apoptosis. This agent also initiates fragmentation of genomic DNA, resulting in decreased DNA synthesis and the inhibition of tumor cell migration and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Sodium Phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oral Sodium Phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1882164"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41827"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41827"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Sodium_Phenylbutyrate"}]}}{"C63477":{"preferredName":"Oral Topotecan Hydrochloride","code":"C63477","definitions":[{"description":"An oral formulation of the hydrochloride salt of topotecan, a semisynthetic derivative of the quinoline alkaloid camptothecin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Topotecan selectively inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during the S phase of the cell cycle, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-10-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-4-ethyl-4,9-dihydroxy-1H-pyrano[3',4'; 6,7] indolizino[1,2-b] quinoline-3,14-(4H,12H)-dione monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Hycamtin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Topotecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oral Topotecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831879"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489122"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489122"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Topotecan_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1884":{"preferredName":"Orantinib","code":"C1884","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. SU6668 binds to and inhibits the autophosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cell proliferation. SU6668 also inhibits the phosphorylation of the stem cell factor receptor tyrosine kinase c-kit, often expressed in acute myelogenous leukemia cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(2,4-Dimethyl-5-((2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)propionic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORANTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Orantinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Orantinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orantinibum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SU 6668","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"SU006668","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SU6668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SU6668","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Sugen SU6668","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSU 68","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"702827"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0960373"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"252916-29-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9RL37ZZ665"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38421"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38421"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H18N2O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SU6668"}]}}{"C112000":{"preferredName":"Oraxol","code":"C112000","definitions":[{"description":"A combination formulation composed of a capsule containing the taxane compound paclitaxel and a tablet containing the multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor HM30181A, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of oraxol, the HM30181A moiety binds to and inhibits P-gp, which prevents P-gp-mediated efflux of paclitaxel, therefore enhancing its oral bioavailability. In turn, paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes microtubules, preventing their depolymerization, which results in the inhibition of cellular motility, mitosis, and replication. Altogether, this may result in greater intracellular concentration of paclitaxel, and enhanced cytotoxicity against tumor cells, when compared to the administration of paclitaxel alone. P-gp, encoded by the MDR-1 gene, is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily of transmembrane transporters; it prevents the intestinal uptake and intracellular accumulation of various cytotoxic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oraxol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oraxol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel-HM30181 Methanesulfonate Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel/HM30181A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454289"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754236"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754236"}]}}{"C1784":{"preferredName":"Oregovomab","code":"C1784","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of ovarian cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Oregovomab binds to the CA-125 antigen, which is found on most ovarian cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A murine monoclonal antibody that attaches to the tumor-associated antigen CA125. Vaccination with monoclonal antibody B43.13 may stimulate a host cytotoxic immune response against tumor cells that express CA125. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B43.13","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb B43.13","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody B43.13","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OREGOVOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oregovomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oregovomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OvaRex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OvaRex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"OvaRex Monoclonal Antibody B43.13","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oregovomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0664207"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"213327-37-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Epithelial ovarian cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HX101E7L6S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43251"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43251"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_B43_13"}]}}{"C1250":{"preferredName":"Ormaplatin","code":"C1250","definitions":[{"description":"A platinum(IV) analogue with antineoplastic activity. Ormaplatin alkylates DNA, forming both inter- and intra-strand platinum-DNA crosslinks, which result in inhibition of DNA replication and transcription and cell-cycle nonspecific cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ORMAPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ormaplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum, tetrachloro(1,2-cyclohexanediamine-N,N')-, (OC-6-22-(trans))-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tetraplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tetraplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tetrachloro(1,2-cyclohexanediamine-N,N')-, (OC-6-22-(trans))Platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"363812"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076329"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"62816-98-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SFK1SGY8V1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41211"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41211"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H14N2.4Cl.Pt"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ormaplatin"}]}}{"C1867":{"preferredName":"Ortataxel","code":"C1867","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called taxanes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic, second-generation taxane derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Ortataxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with the dynamics of microtubule assembly/disassembly. This results in the inhibition of cell division and cellular proliferation. As it represents a poor substrate for P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multi-drug resistance protein (MRP-1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) mediated efflux, ortataxel modulates multi-drug resistance mechanisms and may be useful for treating multi-drug resistant tumors that express Pgp, MRP-1 and BCRP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3aS,4R,5E,7R,8aS,9S,10aR,12aS,12bR,13S,13aS)-7,12a-Bis(acetyloxy)-13-(benzoyloxy)-9-hydroxy-5,8a,14,14-tetramethyl-2,8-dioxo-3a,4,7,8,8a,9,10,10a,12,12a,12b,13-dodecahydro-6,13a-methano-13aH-oxeto(2',3':5',6')benzo(1',2':4,5)cyclodeca(1,2-d)-1,3-dioxol-4-yl(2R,3S)-3-(((1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl)amino)-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexanoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 59-8862","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BAY59-8862","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bay 59-8862","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDN5109","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORTATAXEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ortataxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-T-101131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527103"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"186348-23-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8H61Y4E29N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38635"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Orataxel"}]}}{"C90582":{"preferredName":"Orteronel","code":"C90582","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable non-steroidal androgen synthesis inhibitor of steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase (17,20 lyase) with potential antiandrogen activity. TAK-700 binds to and inhibits the steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase in both the testes and adrenal glands, thereby inhibiting androgen production. This may decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling and may inhibit cell proliferation of androgen-dependent tumor cells. The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17A1 (P450C17), localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), exhibits both 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities, and plays a key role in the steroidogenic pathway that produces steroidal hormones, such as progestins, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-((7S)-7-hydroxy-6,7-dihydro-5h-pyrrolo(1,2-c)imidazol-7-yl)-N-methyl-2-naphthalenecarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Synthesis Inhibitor TAK-700","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYP17A1 Lyase Inhibitor TAK-700","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORTERONEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Orteronel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Orteronel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-700","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983781"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"566939-85-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UE5K2FNS92"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583018"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583018"}]}}{"C131535":{"preferredName":"Osilodrostat","code":"C131535","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both steroid 11beta-hydroxylase (cytochrome P450 (CYP) 11B1) and aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2; steroid 18-hydroxylase), with potential anti-adrenal activity and ability to treat Cushing disease (CD). Upon administration, osilodrostat binds to and inhibits the activity of CYP11B1, the enzyme that catalyzes the final step of cortisol synthesis from the precursor 11-deoxycortisol, and CYP11B2, the enzyme that catalyzes aldosterone synthesis from corticosterone and 11-deoxycorticosterone in the adrenal gland. The inhibition of CYP11B1 prevents the production of excess cortisol, thereby decreasing and normalizing the levels of cortisol. CD is most often caused by an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-4-(6,7-Dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazol-5-yl)-3-fluorobenzonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCI 699","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCI-699","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCI699","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSILODROSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Osilodrostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Osilodrostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2976005"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"928134-65-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5YL4IQ1078"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786177"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786177"}]}}{"C116377":{"preferredName":"Osimertinib","code":"C116377","definitions":[{"description":"A third-generation, orally available, irreversible, mutant-selective, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, osimertinib covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of mutant forms of EGFR, including the T790M EGFR mutant, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. AZD9291 preferentially inhibits mutated forms of EGFR including T790M, a secondarily-acquired resistance mutation, and may have enhanced anti-tumor effects in tumors with T790M-mediated resistance when compared to other EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. As this agent is selective towards mutant forms of EGFR, its toxicity profile may be reduced when compared to non-selective EGFR inhibitors which also inhibit wild-type EGFR.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenamide, N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)methylamino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-9291","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD9291","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mereletinib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSIMERTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Osimertinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Osimertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tagrisso","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896906"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1421373-65-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3C06JJ0Z2O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747632"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"747632"}]}}{"C74006":{"preferredName":"Otlertuzumab","code":"C74006","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant single-chain polypeptide engineered to exhibit the full binding and activity of an anti-CD37 monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Otlertuzumab binds to CD37 on B-cells, which may result in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and apoptosis. CD37 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed at high-levels on B cells and to a lesser extent on T cells and myeloid cells. This agent may have a longer half-life in vivo than conventional monoclonal antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin, Anti-(Human CD Antigen CD37) (Synthetic Human-Mus Musculus Fragment TRU-016), Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OTLERTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Otlertuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Otlertuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRU 016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRU-016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346800"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1372645-37-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2MZ3L2664T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589521"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589521"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD37_Single-Chain_Polypeptide_TRU-016"}]}}{"C113651":{"preferredName":"Ovapuldencel-T","code":"C113651","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with autologous, lethally irradiated cancer cells and mixed with the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, ovapuldencel-T may stimulate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against the repertoire of tumor associated antigens (TAAs) found in the irradiated cancer cells. GM-CSF enhances the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and promotes antigen presentation to both B- and T-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OVAPULDENCEL-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ovapuldencel-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458364"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FK2WI4Y35P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756846"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756846"}]}}{"C96739":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Cancer Stem Cell/hTERT/Survivin mRNAs-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine DC-006","code":"C96739","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing autologous dendritic cells (DCs) that are transfected with mRNAs extracted from amplified ovarian cancer stem cells, and mRNAs of the universal tumor antigens human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and survivin with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ovarian cancer stem cell/hTERT/survivin mRNAs-loaded autologous DC-006 vaccine may elicit a highly specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against ovarian cancer cells expressing hTERT, survivin, and specific ovarian cancer stem cell antigens. hTERT, the catalytic subunit of human telomerase, and survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family of proteins, may be upregulated in certain tumor cell types, playing key roles in tumor cell growth and survival. Ovarian cancer stem cells contain a specific range of antigens that are essential for the neoplastic growth and survival of ovarian cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DC-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DC-006 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Cancer Stem Cell/hTERT/Survivin mRNAs-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine DC-006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429364"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699229"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699229"}]}}{"C2350":{"preferredName":"Ovine Submaxillary Mucin","code":"C2350","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally occurring mucin glycoprotein. Ovine submaxillary mucin (OSM), extracted from an ovine submaxillary gland, provides a rich source of the sialylated Tn antigen (sTn), which is a carbohydrate antigen found on mucins of many epithelial tumors. Vaccination with OSM may result in the production of antibodies as well as elicitation of a cytotoxic T- lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing sTn, thereby results in decreased tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovine Sialomucin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovine Submaxillary Mucin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279238"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39375"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39375"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovine_Submaxillary_Mucin"}]}}{"C160192":{"preferredName":"OX40L-expressing Oncolytic Adenovirus DNX-2440","code":"C160192","definitions":[{"description":"A selectively replication competent oncolytic adenovirus that is engineered to express OX40 ligand (OX40L) with potential oncolytic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon administration, OX40L-expressing oncolytic adenovirus DNX-2440, which contains an integrin binding RGD-4C motif, infects tumor cells in a Coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor-independent manner and selectively replicates in tumor cells that are defective in retinoblastoma gene (Rb) or cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2A (p16). Tumor cell selectivity is achieved through a 24-base pair deletion in the E1A gene, which renders the oncolytic adenovirus unable to replicate in normal cells that maintain a functional Rb pathway, but fully replication competent in Rb/p16 defective tumor cells. Active replication of the OX40L-expressing oncolytic adenovirus DNX-2440 within tumor cells may induce oncolysis and release of OX40L. OX40L may then bind to and activate signaling pathways downstream of its cognate receptor, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4; OX40), which is expressed on activated T-cells. OX40L/OX40 binding promotes increased cytokine production, which can induce proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and promote the killing of nearby tumor cells. OX40L, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family, provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells. The Rb gene product and p16 are negative regulators of the cell cycle and are defective in certain tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNX 2440","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNX-2440","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNX2440","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OX40L-expressing Oncolytic Adenovirus DNX-2440","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"OX40L-expressing Oncolytic Adenovirus DNX-2440","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenovirus Armed With OX40L DNX-2440","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969332"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797863"}]}}{"C1181":{"preferredName":"Oxaliplatin","code":"C1181","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used with other drugs to treat colorectal cancer that is advanced or has come back. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Eloxatin attaches to DNA in cells and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of platinum compound.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An organoplatinum complex in which the platinum atom is complexed with 1,2-diaminocyclohexane (DACH) and with an oxalate ligand as a 'leaving group.' A 'leaving group' is an atom or a group of atoms that is displaced as a stable species taking with it the bonding electrons. After displacement of the labile oxalate ligand leaving group, active oxaliplatin derivatives, such as monoaquo and diaquo DACH platinum, alkylate macromolecules, forming both inter- and intra-strand platinum-DNA crosslinks, which result in inhibition of DNA replication and transcription and cell-cycle nonspecific cytotoxicity. The DACH side chain appears to inhibit alkylating-agent resistance. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-OHP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-OHP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ai Heng","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aiheng","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DACPLAT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dacotin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dacplat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diaminocyclohexane Oxalatoplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELOXATIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Eloxatin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eloxatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Eloxatine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JM-83","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OXALIPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oxalatoplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oxalatoplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxalatoplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oxalatoplatinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxaliplatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oxaliplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxaliplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"RP 54780","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"RP-54780","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR-96669","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[(1R,-2R)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine-N,N'][oxalato (2--)-O,O']platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[SP-4-2-(1R-trans)]-(1,2,cyclohexanediamine-N,N')[ethanedioato(2--)-O,O']platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oxalato (1R,2R-cyclohexanediamine)platinum(II)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oxalato (trans-l-1,2-diaminocyclohexane)platinum(II)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oxaliplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"trans-l DACH oxalatoplatinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"trans-l diaminocyclohexane oxalatoplatinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"266046"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0069717"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"61825-94-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Metastatic colorectal cancer; ovarian cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"04ZR38536J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42374"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42374"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H14N2O4Pt"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oxaliplatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:31941"}]}}{"C91074":{"preferredName":"Oxaliplatin-Encapsulated Transferrin-Conjugated N-glutaryl Phosphatidylethanolamine Liposome","code":"C91074","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle formulation containing N-glutaryl phosphatidylethanolamine (NGPE)-liposomes encapsulating oxaliplatin and conjugated to the human transferrin (Tf) ligand, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infusion of oxaliplatin-encapsulated transferrin-conjugated NGPE liposomes, the transferrin moiety targets and binds to the Tf receptor, which is overexpressed on a variety of human cancer cells. Upon binding and internalization, oxaliplatin is released and its active derivatives alkylate macromolecules, forming both inter- and intra-strand platinum-DNA crosslinks, which results in an inhibition of DNA replication and transcription. By extending the circulation time and specifically targeting transferrin receptors, this formulation may improve the efficacy and safety of oxaliplatin therapy, compared to administration of oxaliplatin alone. NGPE, a reactive phospholipid, is used as a linker to attach the Tf ligand, to the liposome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MBP-426","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxaliplatin-Encapsulated Tf-Conjugated NGPE-Liposome","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxaliplatin-Encapsulated Transferrin-Conjugated N-glutaryl Phosphatidylethanolamine Liposome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oxaliplatin-Encapsulated Transferrin-Conjugated N-glutaryl Phosphatidylethanolamine Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416281"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"669661"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"669661"}]}}{"C47643":{"preferredName":"Oxcarbazepine","code":"C47643","definitions":[{"description":"A dibenzazepine carboxamide derivative with an anticonvulsant property. As a prodrug, oxcarbazepine is converted to its active metabolite, 10-monohydroxy. Although the mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated, electrophysiological studies indicate this agent blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, thereby stabilizing hyper-excited neural membranes, inhibiting repetitive neuronal firing, and decreasing the propagation of synaptic impulses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"10,11-Dihydro-10-oxo-5H-dibenz(b,f)azepine-5-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OXCARBAZEPINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oxcarbazepine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oxcarbazepine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trileptal","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0069751"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"28721-07-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VZI5B1W380"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758784"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758784"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H12N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oxcarbazepine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7824"}]}}{"C132271":{"preferredName":"Oxeclosporin","code":"C132271","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cyclo(((2S,3R,4R,6E)-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-(methylamino)-6-octenoyl)-L-2-aminobutyryl-N-methylglycyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-L-valyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-L-alanyl-O-(2-hydroxyethyl)-D-seryl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-N-methyl-L-valyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclosporin A, 2-(O-(2-hydroxyethyl)-D-serine)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OXECLOSPORIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oxeclosporin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0170835"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"135548-15-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R7988D03JM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C130012":{"preferredName":"Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IACS-010759","code":"C130012","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the OxPhos inhibitor IACS-010759, this agent binds to and inhibits complex I of the electron transport chain (NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase), thereby selectively depriving tumor cells of nutrients, and energy, and inhibiting nucleotide and amino acid production, which induces autophagy, causes tumor cell death and inhibits cell proliferation. Mitochondrial complex I, which is hyperactivated in cancer cells to meet their increased demands for energy, plays a key role in the promotion of cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IACS-010759","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OXPHOS Inhibitor IACS-010759","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IACS-010759","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IACS-010759","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513977"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784867"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784867"}]}}{"C153372":{"preferredName":"Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IM156","code":"C153372","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable biguanide compound and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, IM156 inhibits oxidative phosphorylation, decreases mitochondrial function, prevents tumor cell metabolism and deprives tumor cells of energy, thereby preventing tumor cell proliferation. Mitochondrial OxPhos is overactivated in cancer cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. Drug resistant tumor cells are very susceptible to decreased mitochondrial OxPhos as they cannot easily compensate for the decrease in mitochondrial function by increasing glycolysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IM 156","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IM-156","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IM156","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IM156","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OxPhos Inhibitor IM156","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IM156","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554528"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793779"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793779"}]}}{"C1316":{"preferredName":"Oxidopamine","code":"C1316","definitions":[{"description":"An antagonist of the neurotransmitter dopamine with potential antineoplastic activity. 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-HOD) can be taken up by selective adrenergic terminals, thereby causing acute degeneration of adrenergic terminals that leads to depletion of norepinephrine, and of dopamine in the dopamine-sensitive sites. This agent is auto-oxidated at physiological pH that leads to the formation of reactive free radicals, thereby leading to cytotoxicity in neural cells. 6-Hydroxydopamine is often used to induce CNS and sympathetic neural lesions that model aging and various nervous disorders in animal systems.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4,5-Trihydroxyphenethylamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2,4-benzenetriol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"5-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2,4-benzenetriol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Hydroxydopamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-OHDA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OXIDOPAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Oxidopamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxidopamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"2511086"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"233898"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085196"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1199-18-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8HW4YBZ748"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41295"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41295"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H11NO3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_6-Hydroxydopamine"}]}}{"C118283":{"preferredName":"OxPhos Inhibitor VLX600","code":"C118283","definitions":[{"description":"A lipophilic cation-based triazinoindolyl-hydrazone compound and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infusion, in normal cells and proliferating tumor cells where glucose is readily available, inhibition of OxPhos by VLX600 induces a hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1alpha)-dependent shift to, and an increase in glycolysis. Glycolysis alone does not produce enough energy to support the growth of tumor cells in this environment, and the induction of autophagy occurs. In the metabolically compromised tumor microenvironment, the availability of oxygen and glucose is limited due to poor vascularization and perfusion of tumor micro-areas. Tumor cells growing in this environment are thus unable to compensate for decreased mitochondrial function by increasing glycolysis. This leads to nutrient depletion, decreased energy production, induction of autophagy, tumor cell death and an inhibition of cell proliferation in quiescent tumor cells. Mitochondrial OxPhos, which is hyperactivated in cancer cells, plays a key role in the promotion of cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Pyridinyl)ethanone(6-methyl-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3-yl)hydrazone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OxPhos Inhibitor VLX600","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VLX-600","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474135"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764234"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764234"}]}}{"C95214":{"preferredName":"Ozarelix","code":"C95214","definitions":[{"description":"A highly modified, fourth generation linear decapeptide with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH or LHRH) antagonizing properties. Ozarelix competitively binds to and blocks the gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor in the anterior pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting the secretion and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the release of testosterone. As a result, this may relieve symptoms associated with hormonally dependent disease states such as hormone-dependent prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D 63153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-63 153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D63 153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D63153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LHRH antagonist SPI-153","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OZARELIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ozarelix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPI-153","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987000"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"295350-45-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q1IF8M2YL3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690937"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690937"}]}}{"C91723":{"preferredName":"P-cadherin Antagonist PF-03732010","code":"C91723","definitions":[{"description":"An agent that inhibits P-cadherin (cdh3), with potential antineoplastic activity. PF-03732010 binds to and inhibits the activity of p-cadherin. Inhibition of the activity of p-cadherin may inhibit tumor cell invasion and proliferation in p-cadherin expressing tumor cells. P-cadherin, a cell-surface protein and member of the cadherin family, is overexpressed in a variety of solid tumors, and plays a role in cell adhesion, motility, invasion and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"P-cadherin Antagonist PF-03732010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-03732010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-03732010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3179737"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LPW79O1J5Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580366"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"580366"}]}}{"C121216":{"preferredName":"P-cadherin Inhibitor PCA062","code":"C121216","definitions":[{"description":"An agent that inhibits p-cadherin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, PCA062 binds to and inhibits the activity of p-cadherin. Inhibition of the activity of p-cadherin may inhibit both invasion and proliferation of p-cadherin expressing tumor cells. P-cadherin, a cell-surface protein and member of the cadherin family, is overexpressed in a variety of tumors and plays a role in cell adhesion, motility, invasion, and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"P-CAD Inhibitor PCA062","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-cadherin Antagonist PCA062","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-cadherin Inhibitor PCA062","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"P-cadherin Inhibitor PCA062","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCA062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053579"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769816"}]}}{"C125607":{"preferredName":"P-cadherin-targeting Agent PF-06671008","code":"C125607","definitions":[{"description":"An agent that targets p-cadherin (CDH3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PF-06671008 binds to and inhibits the activity of p-cadherin; this may inhibit both invasion and proliferation of p-cadherin expressing tumor cells. P-cadherin, a cell-surface protein and member of the cadherin family, is overexpressed in a variety of tumors and plays a role in cell adhesion, motility, invasion, and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"P-cadherin-targeting Agent PF-06671008","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"P-cadherin-targeting Agent PF-06671008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06671008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06671008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504311"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2GWZ8HN70W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778591"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778591"}]}}{"C113293":{"preferredName":"P-p68 Inhibitor RX-5902","code":"C113293","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of phosphorylated-p68 RNA helicase (P-p68), with potential anti-proliferative and antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, P-p68 inhibitor RX-5902 may both inhibit the activity of the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein and facilitate the induction of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21). This may prevent G2/M cell cycle progression and lead to growth inhibition in tumor cells. P-p68 is overexpressed in various types of solid tumors but absent in normal tissues, and plays a role in tumor progression and metastasis. p21 is a potent cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor which regulates cell cycle progression and mediates both growth arrest and cellular senescence.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"P-p68 Inhibitor RX-5902","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"P-p68 Inhibitor RX-5902","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RX-5902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SUPINOXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Supinoxin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827081"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZU8OM8V5WF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755944"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755944"}]}}{"C121456":{"preferredName":"Atuveciclib","code":"C121456","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb), which is composed of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) and cyclin-T (CycT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, atuveciclib binds to and inhibits the activity of P-TEFb, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of its downstream target, the carboxyl terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II), and inhibiting the activation of transcriptional elongation by RNA Pol II. This prevents the transcription of tumor promoting genes, induces tumor cell apoptosis, and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. P-TEFb plays an important role in the regulation of gene transcription; over-activation in cancer cells leads to both the transcription of key tumor-promoting genes and cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3,5-Triazin-2-amine, 4-(4-Fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-N-(3-((S-methylsulfonimidoyl)methyl)phenyl)-, (+)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATUVECICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atuveciclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Atuveciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1143572","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1143572","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471744"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1414943-94-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"63Q7F59W0V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753347"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753347"}]}}{"C160195":{"preferredName":"p300/CBP Bromodomain Inhibitor CCS1477","code":"C160195","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the highly conserved bromodomains of the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) paralogs, p300 (E1A-associated protein p300; p300 HAT) and CREB binding protein (CBP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, p300/CBP bromodomain inhibitor CCS1477 selectively and reversibly binds to the bromodomains of p300 and CBP. This disrupts the acetylation of histones and other proteins and prevents the co-activation of key transcription factors that contribute to tumor progression including the androgen receptor (AR), androgen receptor splice variants (AR-SV), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1-alpha) and Myc proto-oncogene protein (c-Myc). The HAT paralogs p300 and CBP are key transcriptional co-activators that are essential for a multitude of cellular processes and are implicated in the progression and therapeutic resistance of certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCS 1477","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCS-1477","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCS1477","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p300 HAT/CREB Binding Protein Inhibitor CCS1477","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p300/CBP Bromodomain Inhibitor CCS1477","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969329"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797847"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797847"}]}}{"C99134":{"preferredName":"p38 MAPK Inhibitor LY3007113","code":"C99134","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor with potential immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, LY3007113 inhibits the activity of p38, thereby preventing p38 MAPK-mediated signaling. This may result in the inhibition of the production of proinflammatory cytokines and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. p38 MAPK, a serine/threonine protein kinase often upregulated in cancer cells, plays a crucial part in the production of a variety of cytokines involved in inflammation and cellular proliferation such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-1 and -6.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LY3007113","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p38 MAPK Inhibitor LY3007113","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"p38 MAPK Inhibitor LY3007113","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432952"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"716106"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"716106"}]}}{"C1986":{"preferredName":"p53 Peptide Vaccine MPS-128","code":"C1986","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based cancer vaccine composed of amino acids 264 to 272 of the wild-type protein encoded by the P53 gene. p53 peptide vaccine may elicit an HLA-A2.1-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte immune response against tumor cells that overexpress p53 protein. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MPS-128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPS-128","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-147","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR-147","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p53 Peptide Vaccine MPS-128","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p53:264-272 Peptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"717111"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879339"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43633"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43633"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"p53_Peptide_Vaccine"}]}}{"C106120":{"preferredName":"p53-HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor MI-773","code":"C106120","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available spiro-oxindole HDM2 (human double minute 2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the p53-HDM2 protein-protein interaction inhibitor MI-773 binds to HDM2, preventing the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored, which may result in the restoration of p53 signaling and lead to the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is often overexpressed in cancer cells. It has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MI-773","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR405838","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p53-HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor MI-773","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"p53-HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor MI-773","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p53-MDM2 Interaction Inhibitor MI-773","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3853940"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737146"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737146"}]}}{"C132991":{"preferredName":"p53-HDM2 Protein-protein Interaction Inhibitor APG-115","code":"C132991","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of human homolog of double minute 2 (HDM2; mouse double minute 2 homolog; MDM2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the p53-HDM2 protein-protein interaction inhibitor APG-115 binds to HDM2, preventing the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This may result in the restoration of p53 signaling and lead to the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is often overexpressed in cancer cells. It has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APG 115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG-115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDM2-p53 Inhibitor APG-115","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p53-HDM2 Protein-protein Interaction Inhibitor APG-115","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520348"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787602"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787602"}]}}{"C104280":{"preferredName":"p53/HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor CGM097","code":"C104280","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable HDM2 (human homolog of double minute 2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, p53/HDM2 interaction inhibitor CGM097 inhibits the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited, which may result in the restoration of p53 signaling and, thus, the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2, a zinc finger nuclear phosphoprotein, is a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, often overexpressed in cancer cells and has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGM097","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDM2/p53 Inhibitor CGM097","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p53/HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor CGM097","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"p53/HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor CGM097","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641742"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744999"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"744999"}]}}{"C91393":{"preferredName":"p70S6K Inhibitor LY2584702","code":"C91393","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of p70S6K signaling, with potential antineoplastic activity. p70S6K inhibitor LY2584702 inhibits ribosomal protein S6 Kinase (p70S6K), and prevents phosphorylation of the S6 subunit of ribosomes, thereby inhibiting normal ribosomal function within tumor cells leading to a decrease in protein synthesis and in cellular proliferation. P70S6K, a serine/threonine kinase, acts downstream of PIP3 and phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 in the PI3 kinase pathway, is often upregulated in a variety of cancer cells, and is involved in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation, motility, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LY2584702","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p70S6K Inhibitor LY2584702","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984214"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673507"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673507"}]}}{"C112004":{"preferredName":"p70S6K/Akt Inhibitor MSC2363318A","code":"C112004","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinases ribosomal protein S6 Kinase (p70S6K) and Akt (protein kinase B), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, p70S6K/Akt inhibitor MSC2363318A binds to and inhibits the activity of p70S6K and Akt. This prevents the activation of the PI3K/Akt/p70S6K signaling pathway and inhibits tumor cell proliferation in cancer cells that have an overactivated PI3K/Akt/p70S6K signaling pathway. Constitutive activation and dysregulated signaling of the PI3K/Akt/p70S6K pathway are frequently associated with tumorigenesis of many tumor types; targeting multiple kinases in this pathway is more efficacious than targeting a single kinase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MSC2363318A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p70S6K/Akt Inhibitor MSC2363318A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"p70S6K/Akt Inhibitor MSC2363318A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454293"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754258"}]}}{"C118287":{"preferredName":"p97 Inhibitor CB-5083","code":"C118287","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of valosin-containing protein (VCP) p97, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CB-5083 specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of p97. This prevents ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation and causes cellular accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins. The inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation activates the ER-dependent stress response pathway, and leads to both an induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. p97, a type II AAA ATPase, plays a key role in cellular protein homeostasis. Its overexpression in many tumor cell types is associated with increased tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CB-5083","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p97 Inhibitor CB-5083","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896891"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764238"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764238"}]}}{"C1411":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel","code":"C1411","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma. It is also used together with another drug to treat non-small cell lung cancer. Paclitaxel is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks cell growth by stopping cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein Bcl-2 (B-cell Leukemia 2). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5Beta,20-epoxy-1,2alpha,4,7beta,10beta,13alpha-hexahydroxytax-11-en-9-one, 4,10-Diacetate 2-Benzoate 13-Ester with (2R,3S)-N-Benzoyl-3-phenylisoserine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anzatax","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asotax","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bristaxol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PACLITAXEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Praxel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxol","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Taxol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Taxol Konzentrat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[2aR-[2a Alpha,4beta,4a beta,6beta,9alpha(alphaR*,betaS*),-11alpha,12alpha,12a alpha,12b alpha]]-beta-(benzoylamino)-alpha-hydroxybenzene-propanoic acid 6,12b-bis(acetyloxy)-12-(benzoyloxy)-1a,33,4,-41,5,6,9,10,11,12,12a,12b-dodecahydro-4,11-dihydroxy-41,8,-12,13-tetramethyl-5-oxo-7,11-methano-1H-cyclodeca[3,4]benz[1,2-b]oxet-9-yl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"673089"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"125973"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0144576"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"33069-62-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma; Bladder cancer; Breast cancer; Cervical cancer; Endometrial adenocarcinoma; Esophageal cancer; Head and Neck cancer; Lung cancer; non-small cell; Lymphoma; Ovarian cancer; Prostate cancer; Testicular cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P88XT4IS4D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39762"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39762"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C47H51NO14"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Paclitaxel"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:45863"}]}}{"C96934":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel Ceribate","code":"C96934","definitions":[{"description":"The ceribate ester form of paclitaxel, a compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin thereby inhibiting the disassembly of microtubules, resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein B-cell Leukemia 2 (BCL2).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7beta-((2RS)-2,3-dihydroxypropoxycarbonyloxy)-1-hydroxy-9-oxo-5beta,20-epoxytax-11-ene-2alpha,4,10beta,13alpha-tetrayl 4,10-diacetate 2-benzoate 13-((2R,3S)-3-benzamido-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PACLITAXEL CERIBATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Ceribate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273125"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"186040-50-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B3C86E80A0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C51H57NO18"}]}}{"C96037":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel Injection Concentrate for Nanodispersion","code":"C96037","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based injectable concentrate containing the water-insoluble taxane paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon reconstitution and administration, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. Compared to paclitaxel alone, the nanodispersion-based formulation uses less toxic solvents and allows for administration of higher doses resulting in higher concentrations of paclitaxel at the tumor site, and an increased safety profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PICN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Injection Concentrate for Nanodispersion","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Injection Concentrate for Nanodispersion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428371"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696555"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696555"}]}}{"C2631":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel Liposome","code":"C2631","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the anticancer drug paclitaxel that is contained in very tiny, fat-like particles. It may have fewer side effects and work better than paclitaxel. It is being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. Paclitaxel liposome blocks the ability of cells to divide and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of mitotic inhibitor and a type of antimicrotubule agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated formulation of paclitaxel, a taxoid compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia, with antineoplastic property. Paclitaxel binds to tubulin and interferes with the assembly/disassembly dynamics of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis via inactivation of the apoptosis inhibitor, B-cell Leukemia 2 (Bcl-2) protein. Paclitaxel liposome formulation potentially enhances delivery of higher doses of paclitaxel to the target tissues and exhibits lower systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEP-ETU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LipoTaxen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Liposome-Encapsulated Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU-93914","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liposomal paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"paclitaxel liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935868"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38323"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38323"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Paclitaxel_Liposome"}]}}{"C1795":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel Poliglumex","code":"C1795","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the anticancer drug paclitaxel combined with a protein called poliglumex that may have fewer side effects and work better than paclitaxel. It is being studied in the treatment of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, and other types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The agent paclitaxel linked to a biodegradable, water-soluble polyglutamate polymer with antineoplastic properties. The polyglutamate residue increases the water solubility of paclitaxel and allows delivery of higher doses than those achievable with paclitaxel alone. Paclitaxel promotes microtubule assembly and prevents microtubule depolymerization, thus interfering with normal mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CT-2103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-2103","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CT2103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PACLITAXEL POLIGLUMEX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PG-TXL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Poliglumex","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Poliglumex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Polyglutamate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel-Polyglutamate Polymer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly-L-Glutamic acid-Paclitaxel Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyglutamic Acid Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xyotax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xyotax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"paclitaxel poliglumex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"paclitaxel polyglutamate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"724773"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1702776"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"263351-82-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TQ64FZ98ZN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38325"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38325"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H16N2O7(C52H56N2O16)n(C5H7NO3)n"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Paclitaxel_Polyglutamate"}]}}{"C148531":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel Polymeric Micelle Formulation NANT-008","code":"C148531","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation consisting of polymeric micelles encapsulating the taxane paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel is covalently bound to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based block copolymers which forms a micellar structure with an outer hydrophilic PEG shell surrounding the hydrophobic paclitaxel. Upon administration of the paclitaxel polymeric micelle formulation NANT-008, the nanoparticles are stable in the bloodstream and specifically accumulate in the tumor tissue. Due to the acidic conditions in the tumor and the pH-responsive nature of the micelles, paclitaxel is released in the tumor environment. Paclitaxel binds to microtubules, promotes microtubule assembly, and prevents depolymerization, thus interfering with normal mitosis. Compared to the administration of paclitaxel alone, this formulation increases the solubility of paclitaxel, enhances its specific retention in cancer tissue, and increases its therapeutic effect, while decreasing its toxicity. In addition, the micellar formulation allows the delivery of higher doses of paclitaxel to target tissues while minimizing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cynviloq","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genexol-PM","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IG-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micellar Nanoparticle-encapsulated NANT-008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NANT 008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NANT-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NANT008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nant-paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Polymeric Micelle Formulation NANT-008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel-loaded Micellar Diblock Copolymer NANT-008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel-loaded Polymeric Micelle NANT-008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551138"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"434427"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"434427"}]}}{"C2785":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel PPE Microspheres","code":"C2785","definitions":[{"description":"A paclitaxel formulation containing paclitaxel incorporated in biodegradable polyphosphoester (PPE) polymer form with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal delivery, paclitaxel PPE microspheres slowly and continuously dissolve and deliver paclitaxel to the tumor site, where it binds to tubulin and inhibits the dynamics of disassembly-assembly of microtubules. As a result, this formulation induces cell cycle arrest and leads to cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Paclimer Microspheres","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclimer Microspheres (Polilactofate/Paclitaxel)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Biopolymer Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel PPE Microspheres","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"715074"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518843"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Paclitaxel_PPE_Microspheres"}]}}{"C99461":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel Trevatide","code":"C99461","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-drug conjugate containing the taxane paclitaxel covalently linked to the proprietary 19 amino acid peptide angiopep-2, in a 3:1 ratio, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, paclitaxel trevatide, via angiopep-2 moiety, binds to LRP-1 (low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1), which is highly expressed in blood brain barrier (BBB) and glioma cells. This binding allows the transcytosis of the agent across the BBB and the delivery of the cytotoxic agent paclitaxel. Compared to paclitaxel alone, GRN1005 is able to increase the concentration of paclitaxel in the brain and is also able to specifically deliver paclitaxel to LRP-1-overexpressing tumor cells, both in the brain and in the periphery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANG-1005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANG1005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GRN1005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PACLITAXEL TREVATIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Trevatide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Trevatide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2604058"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8P77G99D3P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721733"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721733"}]}}{"C61079":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel Vitamin E-Based Emulsion","code":"C61079","definitions":[{"description":"A cremophor-free, P-glycoprotein-inhibiting, vitamin E-based emulsion particle formulation of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein B-cell Leukemia 2 (Bcl-2). The vitamin-E based emulsion allows bolus infusion without steroid premedication and may diminish hypersensitivity reactions. The tumor tissue may be passively targeted due to preferential deposition of emulsion particles while an emulsion formulation component inhibits the P-glycoprotein drug efflux pump.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PIE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Injectable Emulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel Vitamin E-Based Emulsion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-8184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tocosol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541793"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"474798"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"474798"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tocosol_Paclitaxel"}]}}{"C48415":{"preferredName":"Paclitaxel-Loaded Polymeric Micelle","code":"C48415","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the anticancer drug paclitaxel used to treat breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma. It is also used with another drug to treat non-small cell lung cancer. Paclitaxel is mixed with very tiny particles of a substance that makes it easier to dissolve in water. This allows higher doses of paclitaxel to be given. It is a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D,L-lactide) copolymer micelle nanoparticle-entrapped formulation of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel promotes microtubule assembly and prevents depolymerization, thus interfering with normal mitosis. The copolymer residue increases the water-solubility of paclitaxel and allows delivery of higher doses than those achievable with paclitaxel alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cynviloq TM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genexol PM","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IG-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel-Loaded Polymeric Micelle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"paclitaxel-loaded polymeric micelle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709446"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"434427"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"434427"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Paclitaxel-Loaded_Polymeric_Micelle"}]}}{"C78837":{"preferredName":"Pacritinib","code":"C78837","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and the JAK2 mutant JAK2V617F with potential antineoplastic activity. Oral JAK2 inhibitor SB1518 competes with JAK2 for ATP binding, which may result in inhibition of JAK2 activation, inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and so caspase-dependent apoptosis. JAK2 is the most common mutated gene in bcr-abl-negative myeloproliferative disorders; the JAK2V617F gain-of-function mutation involves a valine-to-phenylalanine modification at position 617. The JAK-STAT signaling pathway is a major mediator of cytokine activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral JAK2 Inhibitor SB1518","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PACRITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pacritinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pacritinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB 1518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-1518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB1518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703133"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"937272-79-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G22N65IL3O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609888"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"609888"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H32N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"JAK2_Inhibitor_SB1518"}]}}{"C78481":{"preferredName":"Padeliporfin","code":"C78481","definitions":[{"description":"A vascular-acting photosensitizer consisting of a water-soluble, palladium-substituted bacteriochlorophyll derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, paldeliporfin is activated locally when the tumor bed is exposed to low-power laser light; reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed upon activation and ROS-mediated necrosis may occur at the site of interaction between the photosensitizer, light and oxygen. Vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) with padeliporfin may allow tumor-site specific cytotoxicity while sparing adjacent normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PADELIPORFIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Padeliporfin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Padeliporfin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palladium-Bacteriochlorophyll Derivative WST11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WST11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1610374"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"759457-82-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EEO29FZT86"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600817"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600817"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C37H43N5O9S.Pd"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Palladium-Bacteriochlorophyll_Derivative_WST11"}]}}{"C61321":{"preferredName":"Padoporfin","code":"C61321","definitions":[{"description":"A novel palladium-substituted bacteriochlorophyll derivative and photosensitizer with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration, inactive padoporfin is activated locally when the tumor bed is exposed to photoirradiation; the activated form induces local cytotoxic processes, resulting in local tissue damage, disruption of tumor vasculature, and tumor hypoxia and necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(Hydrogen 3-((2(sup 2)R,7R,8R,17S,18S)-12-acetyl-7-ethyl-2(sup 2)-(methoxycarbonyl)-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-2(sup 1)-oxo-2(sup 1),2(sup 2),7,8,17,18-hexahydrocyclopenta(at)porphyrin-18-yl)propanoato-kappa4N(sup 21),N(sup 22),N(sup 23),N(sup 24))palladium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PADOPORFIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Padoporfin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tookad","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WST09","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1136634"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"274679-00-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OIH1H7CJCJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"483132"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"483132"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Palladium-Bacteriopheophorbide"}]}}{"C84841":{"preferredName":"PAK4 Inhibitor PF-03758309","code":"C84841","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) with potential antineoplastic activity. PAK4 inhibitor PF-03758309 binds to PAK4, inhibiting PAK4 activity and cancer cell growth. PAK4, a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the p21-activated kinase (PAK) family, is often upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in cancer cell motility, proliferation, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PAK4 Inhibitor PF-03758309","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PAK4 Inhibitor PF-03758309","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-03758309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412392"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650124"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650124"}]}}{"C126646":{"preferredName":"PAK4/NAMPT Inhibitor ATG-019","code":"C126646","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both the serine/threonine kinase P21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-synthesizing enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT; NAMPRTase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ATG-019 allosterically binds to, destabilizes and causes degradation of PAK4. This inhibits PAK4-mediated signaling, induces cell death in, and inhibits the proliferation of PAK4-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, ATG-019 binds to and inhibits the activity of NAMPT. This depletes cellular NAD and inhibits NAD-dependent enzymes, both of which are needed for rapid cell proliferation; this results in tumor cell death in NAMPT-overexpressing cancer cells. PAK4, a serine/threonine kinase and member of the PAK family of proteins upregulated in various cancer cell types, regulates cell motility, proliferation and survival. NAMPT, an enzyme that is responsible for maintaining the intracellular NAD pool, plays a key role in the regulation of cellular metabolism and has cytokine-like activities. NAMPT is often overexpressed in a variety of cancers and metabolic disorders and tumor cells rely on NAMPT activity for their NAD supply.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATG 019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATG-019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATG019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KCP-9274","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KPT-9274","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAK4/NAMPT Inhibitor ATG-019","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PAK4/NAMPT Inhibitor ATG-019","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAK4/NAMPT Inhibitor KPT-9274","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503763"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779707"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779707"}]}}{"C49176":{"preferredName":"Palbociclib","code":"C49176","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Palbociclib selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation early in the G1 phase leading to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of cell cycle progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Acetyl-8-cyclopentyl-5-methyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-8h-pyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-7-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ibrance","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PALBOCICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PD 0332991","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 332991","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 991","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-0332991","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palbociclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Palbociclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-7(8H)-one, 6-Acetyl-8-cyclopentyl-5-methyl-2-((5-(1-piperazinyl)-2-pyridinyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3853822"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"571190-30-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"hormone receptor (HR) positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G9ZF61LE7G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"454586"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"454586"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H29N7O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PD-0332991"}]}}{"C120259":{"preferredName":"Palbociclib Isethionate","code":"C120259","definitions":[{"description":"The isethionate salt form of palbociclib, an orally available cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Palbociclib selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation early in the G1 phase leading to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of cell cycle progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Acetyl-8-cyclopentyl-5-methyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino(pyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-7(8h)-one mono(2-hydroxyethanesulfonate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PALBOCICLIB ISETHIONATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PD 0332991-0054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-00080665-73","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palbociclib Isethionate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Palbociclib Isethionate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896941"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"827022-33-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W1NYL2IRDR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H29N7O2.C2-H6-O4-S"}]}}{"C66990":{"preferredName":"Palifosfamide","code":"C66990","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic mustard compound with potential antineoplastic activity. An active metabolite of ifosfamide covalently linked to the amino acid lysine for stability, palifosfamide irreversibly alkylates and cross-links DNA through GC base pairs, resulting in irreparable 7-atom inter-strand cross-links; inhibition of DNA replication and cell death follow. Unlike ifosfamide, this agent is not metabolized to acrolein or chloroacetaldehyde, metabolites associated with bladder and CNS toxicities. In addition, because palifosfamide does not require activation by aldehyde dehydrogenase, it may overcome the tumor resistance seen with ifosfamide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IPM-Lysine","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isophosphoramide Mustard-Lysine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N'-Di-(2-chloroethyl)phosphorodiamidic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PALIFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Palifosfamide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Palifosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZIO-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"6821629"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"297900"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0064039"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"31645-39-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6A4U6NN813"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"538996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"538996"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H11Cl2N2O2P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Isophosphoramide_Mustard-Lysine"}]}}{"C95703":{"preferredName":"Palifosfamide Tromethamine","code":"C95703","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic mustard compound of the tromethamine (tris) salt of palifosfamide (Isophosphamide mustard), with potential antineoplastic activity. As the stabilized active metabolite of ifosfamide, palifosfamide irreversibly alkylates and crosslinks DNA through GC base pairs, resulting in irreparable 7-atom interstrand crosslinks. This leads to an inhibition of DNA replication and ultimately cell death. Unlike ifosfamide, this agent is not metabolized to acrolein or chloroacetaldehyde, metabolites associated with bladder and CNS toxicities. In addition, because palifosfamide does not require activation by aldehyde dehydrogenase, it may overcome the tumor resistance seen with ifosfamide. Stabilization with tris instead of lysine further increases stability and may further decrease nephrotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PALIFOSFAMIDE TROMETHAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Palifosfamide Tris","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palifosfamide Tromethamine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Palifosfamide Tromethamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphorodiamidic Acid, N,N'-bis(2-chloroethyl)-, Compd. with 2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol (1:1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZIO-201-T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987344"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1070409-31-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0X5A3C04ID"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689807"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689807"}]}}{"C2550":{"preferredName":"Palladium Pd-103","code":"C2550","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive form of palladium (a metallic element that resembles platinum). When used to treat prostate cancer, radioactive seeds (small pellets that contain radioactive palladium) are placed in the prostate. Cancer cells are killed by the energy given off as the radioactive material breaks down and becomes more stable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioisotope of the metal palladium used in brachytherapy implants or 'seed'. With a half-life of 17 days, palladium 103 administered with brachytherapy allows continuous, tumor-site specific low-energy irradiation to the tumor cell population while sparing normal adjacent tissues from radiotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PALLADIUM PD-103","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Palladium Pd 103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palladium Pd-103","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Palladium Pd-103","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palladium-103","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pd 103","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"radioactive palladium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0303566"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Early Stage Prostate Cancer; Localized Tumours of the Head, Neck, Lung, Pancreas, Breast, Intraocular and Uterus."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"68QTV136DF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38046"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38046"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Palladium_103"}]}}{"C47650":{"preferredName":"Palonosetron Hydrochloride","code":"C47650","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat nausea and vomiting caused by cancer treatment. It is a type of serotonin receptor antagonist and a type of antiemetic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of palonosetron, a carbazole derivative and a selective serotonin receptor antagonist with antiemetic activity. Palonosetron competitively blocks the action of serotonin at 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptors located on vagal afferents in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), resulting in suppression of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. The CTZ is located in the area postrema on the dorsal surface of the medulla oblongata at the caudal end of the fourth ventricle and outside the blood-brain barrier (BBB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Benz(de)isoquinolin-1-one, 2-(3S)-1-azabicyclo(2.2.2)oct-3-yl-2,3,3a,4,5,6-hexahydro-, Monohydrochloride,(3aS)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aloxi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aloxi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PALONOSETRON HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Palonosetron Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Palonosetron Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RS 25259-197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"palonosetron hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1310734"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"135729-62-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"23310D4I19"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486366"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486366"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H24N2O.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Palonosetron_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C1345":{"preferredName":"Pamidronate Disodium","code":"C1345","definitions":[{"description":"The disodium salt of the synthetic bisphosphonate pamidronate. Although its mechanism of action is not completely understood, pamidronate appears to adsorb to calcium phosphate crystals in bone, blocking their dissolution by inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. This agent does not inhibit bone mineralization and formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aminomux","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aredia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GCP-23339A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAMIDRONATE DISODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pamidronate Disodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pamidronate Disodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"720699"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0356588"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"109552-15-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hypercalcemia of malignancy; Osteolytic bone lesions of multiple myeloma; Osteolytic bone metastases of breast cancer; Pagets disease"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8742T8ZQZA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39149"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39149"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C3H9NO7P2.2Na.5H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pamidronate_Disodium"}]}}{"C61875":{"preferredName":"Pamidronic Acid","code":"C61875","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat hypercalcemia (too much calcium in the blood) and cancer that has spread to the bones. It belongs to the family of drugs called bisphosphonates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An amino- bisphosphonate with anti-resorptive and anti-hypercalcemic activities. Pamidronic acid binds to and adsorbs onto hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone matrix, thereby preventing osteoclast resorption. This agent also binds to and inhibits farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, an enzyme that plays an important role in the mevalonate pathway. This inhibits the formation of isoprenoid metabolites that are substrates for protein prenylation. This prevents farnesylation and geranylgeranylation of proteins essential for osteoclast function, leading to the induction of apoptosis of osteoclasts. By preventing osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, pamidronic acid decreases bone turnover rate, stabilizes the bone matrix and reduces hypercalcemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PAMIDRONIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pamidronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pamidronic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Pamidronic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pamidronate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0043603"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"40391-99-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OYY3447OMC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C3H11NO7P2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pamidronic_Acid"}]}}{"C120553":{"preferredName":"Pamiparib","code":"C120553","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pamiparib selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated repair of single-strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair (BER) pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability, and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP is activated by single-strand DNA breaks and, subsequently, catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins which then transduce signals to recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA. Pamiparib may both potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell chemo- and radioresistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,6,7a,11-Tetraazacyclohepta(def)cyclopenta(a)fluoren-4(7H)-one, 2-Fluoro-5,8,9,10,10a,11-hexahydro-10a-methyl-, (10aR)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-290","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAMIPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor BGB-290","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pamiparib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pamiparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053665"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1446261-44-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8375F9S90C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769217"}]}}{"C124931":{"preferredName":"pan FGFR Inhibitor PRN1371","code":"C124931","definitions":[{"description":"A highly specific covalent inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor types 1, 2, 3 and 4 (FGFR1-4) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. FGFR1-4 tyrosine kinase inhibitor PRN1371 specifically binds to a conserved cysteine residue in the glycine-rich loop in FGFRs and inhibits their tyrosine kinase activity, which may result in the inhibition of both tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. FGFRs are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases, which may be upregulated in various tumor cell types and may be involved in tumor cell differentiation, proliferation and survival, and in tumor angiogenesis. This agent potently inhibits FGFR1-4 but does not inhibit other tyrosine kinases, even those that share the conserved cysteine, which may improve therapeutic responses and decrease toxicity when compared with less selective inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGFR 1-4 Inhibitor PRN1371","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRN 1371","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRN-1371 FREE BASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PRN1371","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-FGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PRN1371","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan FGFR Inhibitor PRN1371","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pan FGFR Inhibitor PRN1371","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan FGFR Inhibitor PRN1371","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503800"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S3OPE9IA3Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777939"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777939"}]}}{"C68832":{"preferredName":"Pan HER/VEGFR2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-690514","code":"C68832","definitions":[{"description":"A pyrrolotriazine-based compound and a pan inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pan HER/VEGFR2 receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor BMS-690514 binds to human epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) 1, 2 and 4 (HER1, HER2 and HER4) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1, 2 and 3 (VEGFR-1, -2 and -3), all of which are frequently overexpressed by a variety of tumor types. Binding of this agent to these receptors may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation; the inhibition of endothelial cell migration and proliferation and angiogenesis; and tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-690514","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan HER/VEGFR2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-690514","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan HER/VEGFR2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-690514","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831893"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489386"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489386"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pan_HER_VEGFR2_Receptor_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_BMS-690154"}]}}{"C128250":{"preferredName":"Pan-AKT Inhibitor ARQ751","code":"C128250","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pan inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B) enzyme family with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AKT inhibitor ARQ 751 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of the AKT isoforms 1, 2 and 3, which may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway. This may lead to a reduction in tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The AKT signaling pathway is often deregulated in cancer and is associated with tumor cell proliferation, survival and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AKT Inhibitor ARQ751","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ 751","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ751","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-AKT Inhibitor ARQ751","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-AKT Inhibitor ARQ751","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507932"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781919"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781919"}]}}{"C71711":{"preferredName":"Pan-AKT Kinase Inhibitor GSK690693","code":"C71711","definitions":[{"description":"An aminofurazan-derived inhibitor of Akt kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pan-AKT kinase inhibitor GSK-690693 binds to and inhibits Akt kinases 1, 2, and 3, which may result in the inhibition of protein phosphorylation events downstream from Akt kinases in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and, subsequently, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent may inhibit other protein kinases including protein kinase C (PKC) and protein kinase A (PKA). As serine/threonine protein kinases which are involved in a number of biological processes, AKT kinases promote cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis and are required for glucose transport.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK690693","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-AKT Kinase Inhibitor GSK690693","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-AKT Kinase Inhibitor GSK690693","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347443"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560189"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560189"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pan-AKT_Inhibitor_GSK-690693"}]}}{"C139004":{"preferredName":"Pan-FGFR Inhibitor LY2874455","code":"C139004","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pan-inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR inhibitor LY2874455 binds to and inhibits FGFR subtypes 1 (FGFR1), 2 (FGFR2), 3 (FGFR3) and 4 (FGFR4), which results in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits both tumor angiogenesis and proliferation of FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation, cell survival and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LY2874455","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan FGFR Inhibitor LY2874455","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor LY2874455","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-FGFR Inhibitor LY2874455","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-FGFR Inhibitor LY2874455","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433720"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1254473-64-7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790959"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790959"}]}}{"C162573":{"preferredName":"Pan-FLT3/Pan-BTK Multi-kinase Inhibitor CG-806","code":"C162573","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable reversible, pan-inhibitor of both FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2) and Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the pan-FLT3/pan-BTK multi-kinase inhibitor CG-806 targets, non-covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of both FLT3, including both wild-type (WT) FLT3 and FLT3-ITD (internal tandem duplications), tyrosine kinase domain (FLT3-TKD), and gatekeeper (FLT3-F691L) mutant forms, and BTK, including both the WT and its C481S mutant (BTK-C481S) form. This inhibits both uncontrolled FLT3-mediated and B-cell antigen receptor (BCR)-mediated signaling, respectively. This results in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing FLT3 and BTK. In addition, CG-806 also inhibits, to a lesser degree, other oncogenic kinases, such as MET, RET, discoidin domain-containing receptor 2 (DDR2), Aurora kinase A, and interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase (ITK). FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs), and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases essential to BCR signaling, is overexpressed or mutated in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CG 806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CG'806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CG-026806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CG-806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CG806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLT3/BTK Inhibitor CG 806","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-FLT3/BTK Multi-Kinase Inhibitor CG 806","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-FLT3/Pan-BTK Inhibitor CG-806","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-FLT3/Pan-BTK Multi-kinase Inhibitor CG-806","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-FLT3/Pan-BTK Multi-kinase Inhibitor CG-806","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971079"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798821"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798821"}]}}{"C48380":{"preferredName":"pan-HER Kinase Inhibitor AC480","code":"C48380","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. BMS-599626 inhibits human epidermal growth factor receptors (HER) HER1, HER2 and HER4, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress these receptors. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AC480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC480","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-599626","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-599626","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pan-HER Kinase Inhibitor AC480","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pan-HER Kinase Inhibitor AC480","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541473"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655952"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655952"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BMS-599626"}]}}{"C122874":{"preferredName":"Pan-IDH Mutant Inhibitor AG-881","code":"C122874","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of mutated forms of both isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1, IDH1 [NADP+] soluble) in the cytoplasm and type 2 (IDH2, isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP+], mitochondrial) in the mitochondria, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-IDH mutant inhibitor AG-881 specifically inhibits mutant forms of IDH1 and IDH2, thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells expressing IDH mutations. In addition, AG-881 is able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). IDH1 and 2, metabolic enzymes that catalyze the conversion of isocitrate into a-KG, play key roles in energy production and are mutated in a variety of cancer cell types. In addition, mutant forms of IDH1 and 2 catalyze the formation of 2HG and drive cancer growth by blocking cellular differentiation and inducing cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pan-IDH Mutant Inhibitor AG-881","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Wed Feb 26 15:44:40 EST 2020 - See 'Vorasidenib(C152914)'"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053681"}]}}{"C131690":{"preferredName":"Pan-Mutant-IDH1 Inhibitor Bay-1436032","code":"C131690","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available pan-inhibitor of mutant forms of the metabolic enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1; IDH-1; IDH1 [NADP+] soluble), including forms with mutations of arginine 132 (IDH1(R132)), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-mutant-IDH-1 inhibitor BAY-1436032 specifically inhibits the activity of IDH1 mutant forms, which prevents the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells expressing IDH1 mutant forms. IDH1 mutations, including IDH1(R132) mutations, are highly expressed in certain malignancies; they initiate and drive cancer growth by both blocking cell differentiation and catalyzing the formation of 2HG.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(2-((4-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)amino)-1-((1R,5R)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)propanoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1436032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1436032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1436032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-Mutant-IDH1 Inhibitor Bay-1436032","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-Mutant-IDH1 Inhibitor Bay-1436032","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514346"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1803274-65-8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786302"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786302"}]}}{"C117230":{"preferredName":"pan-PI3K Inhibitor CLR457","code":"C117230","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pan inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-PI3K inhibitor CLR457 inhibits all of the PI3K kinase isoforms, which may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition in tumor cells overexpressing PI3K. Activation of the PI3K pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CLR457","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-PI3K Inhibitor CLR457","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474098"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763082"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763082"}]}}{"C85469":{"preferredName":"pan-PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor SF1126","code":"C85469","definitions":[{"description":"A water soluble, small-molecule prodrug containing the pan-PI3K/mTOR inhibitor LY294002/SF1101 conjugated to the RGD-containing tetra-peptide SF1174 with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. The targeting peptide SF1174 moiety of pan-PI3K/mTOR inhibitor SF1126 selectively binds to cell surface integrins and, upon cell entry, the agent is hydrolyzed to the active drug SF1101; SF1101 selectively inhibits all isoforms of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and other members of the PI3K superfamily, such as the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and DNA-PK. By inhibiting the PI3K signaling pathway, this agent may inhibit tumor cell and tumor endothelial cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SF-1126","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SF1126","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor SF1126","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pan-PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor SF1126","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2351370"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DL0Q912033"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"644818"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"644818"}]}}{"C124226":{"preferredName":"Uzansertib","code":"C124226","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule and selective ATP-competitive pan-inhibitor of proviral integration sites for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, uzansertib binds to and inhibits the activities of the three PIM isoforms, PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3. This prevents phosphorylation of their downstream targets and inhibits proliferation in cells that overexpress PIMs. PIMs, constitutively active proto-oncogenic serine/threonine kinases upregulated in various types of cancers, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INCB 053914","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB053914","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB53914","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-PIM Inhibitor INCB053914","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor INCB053914","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UZANSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Uzansertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Uzansertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502606"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1620012-39-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0237X8153Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776689"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776689"}]}}{"C99380":{"preferredName":"pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1208","code":"C99380","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of PIM kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pan-PIM kinase inhibitor AZD1208 inhibits the activities of PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3 serine/threonine kinases, which may result in the interruption of the G1/S phase cell cycle transition, thereby causing cell cycle arrest and inducing apoptosis in cells that overexpress PIMs. The growth inhibition of several leukemia cell lines by this agent is correlated with the expression levels of PIM1, which is the substrate of STAT transcription factors. PIM kinases are downstream effectors of many cytokine and growth factor signaling pathways and are upregulated in various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD1208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1208","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1208","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274705"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"720042"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"720042"}]}}{"C128615":{"preferredName":"pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor NVP-LGB-321","code":"C128615","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule and selective ATP-competitive pan-inhibitor of proviral integration sites for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-PIM kinase inhibitor NVP-LGB-321 binds to and prevents the activation of the three PIM family kinases, PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3. This prevents the activation of PIM-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits proliferation in cells that overexpress PIMs. PIMs, constitutively active proto-oncogenic serine/threonine kinases upregulated in various types of cancers, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LGB321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVP-LGB-321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM Inhibitor NVP-LGB-321","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor NVP-LGB-321","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor NVP-LGB-321","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor NVP-LGB-321","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509289"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C125003":{"preferredName":"Naporafenib","code":"C125003","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of all members of the serine/threonine protein kinase Raf family, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, naporafenib binds to Raf proteins and inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation of Raf-overexpressing tumor cells. Raf protein kinases are critical enzymes in the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types. They play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LXH 254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LXH-254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LXH254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAPORAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Naporafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Raf Family Kinase Inhibitor LXH254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-RAF Inhibitor LXH254","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pan-RAF Inhibitor LXH254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor LXH254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503849"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1800398-38-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"15JL80DG6H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778192"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778192"}]}}{"C116861":{"preferredName":"Pan-RAF Inhibitor LY3009120","code":"C116861","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of all members of the serine/threonine protein kinase Raf family, including A-Raf, B-Raf and C-Raf protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-RAF kinase inhibitor LY3009120 inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may inhibit tumor cell growth. Raf protein kinases play a key role in the RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, which is often dysregulated in human cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DP-4978","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3009120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3009120","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LY3009120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-RAF Inhibitor LY3009120","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-RAF Inhibitor LY3009120","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896821"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1GDT36RARO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756062"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756062"}]}}{"C121952":{"preferredName":"pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor CCT3833","code":"C121952","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase family Raf, including A-Raf, B-Raf and C-Raf, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-RAF kinase inhibitor CCT3833 inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may inhibit the proliferation of Raf-overexpressing tumor cells. Raf protein kinases play a key role in the RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, which is often dysregulated in human cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAL3833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCT3833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor CCT3833","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053656"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772112"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772112"}]}}{"C106254":{"preferredName":"pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor TAK-580","code":"C106254","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of A-Raf, B-Raf and C-Raf protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-RAF kinase inhibitor TAK-580 inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Raf protein kinases play a key role in the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, which is often deregulated in human cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-2-(1-(6-amino-5-chloropyrimidine-4-carboxamido)ethyl)-N-(5-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)thiazole-5-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIIB-024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN-2480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN2480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-580","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK580","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor TAK-580","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor TAK-580","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433881"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1096708-71-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710688"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"710688"}]}}{"C2062":{"preferredName":"Pan-RAR Agonist/AP-1 Inhibitor LGD 1550","code":"C2062","definitions":[{"description":"An orally-active synthetic aromatic retinoic acid agent with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. LGD 1550 selectively binds to all three retinoic acid receptors (RAR-alpha, RAR-beta, and RAR-gamma), resulting in alterations in the expression of genes responsible for cell differentiation and proliferation. This agent also acts as an inhibitor of activator protein 1 (AP-1), a protein that mediates trophic responses and malignant transformation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E,4E,6E)-7-[3,5-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl]-3-methyl-2,4,6-octatrienoic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"LGD 1550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-RAR Agonist/AP-1 Inhibitor LGD 1550","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1517688"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"178600-20-9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LGD_1550"}]}}{"C140379":{"preferredName":"Pan-TRK Inhibitor ONO-7579","code":"C140379","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective pan-tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ONO-7579 specifically targets and binds to TRK and fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1 (NTRK1; TrkA), 2 (NTRK2; TrkB), and 3 (NTRK3; TrkC). This inhibits neurotrophin-TRK interaction and TRK activation, thereby preventing the activation of downstream signaling pathways and resulting in both the induction of cellular apoptosis and the inhibition of cell growth in tumors that overexpress TRK and/or express NTRK fusion proteins. TRK, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) activated by neurotrophins, is encoded by NTRK family genes.The expression of either mutated forms of, or fusion proteins involving, NTRK family members results in uncontrolled TRK signaling, which plays an important role in tumor cell growth, survival, invasion and treatment resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ONO 7579","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO-7579","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO7579","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-TRK Inhibitor ONO-7579","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-TRK Inhibitor ONO-7579","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK Inhibitor ONO-7579","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538536"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793096"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793096"}]}}{"C82379":{"preferredName":"Pan-VEGFR/TIE2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CEP-11981","code":"C82379","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinases with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Pan-VEGFR/Tie2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor CEP-11981 selectively binds to VEGFR and Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinases, which may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell migration, proliferation and survival and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. VEGFR and Tie2 are frequently overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types and play crucial roles in the regulation of angiogenesis and the maintenance of tumor blood vessels. Tie2 (tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains) is activated by angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4H-Indazolo(5,4-a)pyrrolo(3,4-C)carbazol-4-one, 2,5,6,11,12,13-Hexahydro-2-methyl-11-(2-methylpropyl)-8-(2-pyrimidinylamino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOL-303213X","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP 11981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-11981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-11981","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ESK 981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESK-981","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESK981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-VEGFR/TIE2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CEP-11981","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-VEGFR/TIE2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CEP-11981","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830064"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"856691-93-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J8AY0Z4CBP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641461"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641461"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Pan-VEGFR_TIE2_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_CEP-11981"}]}}{"C1184":{"preferredName":"Pancratistatin","code":"C1184","definitions":[{"description":"A isoquinoline alkaloid from amaryllis with antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancratistatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancratistatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"349156"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070005"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"96281-31-1"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancratistatin"}]}}{"C1857":{"preferredName":"Panitumumab","code":"C1857","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody that is being used to treat colorectal cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. It is used in patients whose disease has not gotten better during or after treatment with other anticancer drugs. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. ABX-EGF binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and may block tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody produced in transgenic mice that attaches to the transmembrane epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. Panitumumab may inhibit autocrine EGF stimulation of tumor cells that express the EGF receptor, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABX-EGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABX-EGF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ABX-EGF Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABX-EGF, Clone E7.6.3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb ABX-EGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody ABX-EGF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANITUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Panitumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Panitumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vectibix","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vectibix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"panitumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"panitumumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879427"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"339177-26-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Advanced Stage Colorectal Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6A901E312A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37857"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37857"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_ABX-EGF"}]}}{"C66948":{"preferredName":"Panobinostat","code":"C66948","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks enzymes needed for cells to grow and divide and may kill cancer cells. Panobinostat may also prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of histone deacetylase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cinnamic hydroxamic acid analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Panobinostat selectively inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC), inducing hyperacetylation of core histone proteins, which may result in modulation of cell cycle protein expression, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and apoptosis. In addition, this agent appears to modulate the expression of angiogenesis-related genes, such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1a) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thus impairing endothelial cell chemotaxis and invasion. HDAC is an enzyme that deacetylates chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-N-hydroxy-3-(4-(((2-(2-methyl-1h-indol-3-yl)ethyl)amino)methyl)phenyl)prop-2-enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Faridak","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Faridak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LBH589","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LBH589","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PANOBINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Panobinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Panobinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"panobinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1998098"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"404950-80-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multiple myeloma (MM)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9647FM7Y3Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530790"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"530790"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H23N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LBH589"}]}}{"C150717":{"preferredName":"Panobinostat Nanoparticle Formulation MTX110","code":"C150717","definitions":[{"description":"A gold nanoparticle (GNP)-based formulation containing panobinostat, a pan histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intra-tumoral injection of MTX110, panobinostat is released from the formulation and selectively targets, binds to and inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC), which induces hyperacetylation of core histone proteins. The accumulation of highly acetylated histones leads to chromatin remodeling, an altered pattern of gene expression, inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes. This results in the inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is an enzyme family that deacetylates histone proteins. Panobinostat is water insoluble and does not cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) when administered orally or intravenously. MTX110 solubilizes panobinostat and can be directly injected into the brain, which bypasses the BBB and delivers high concentrations of panobinostat to the tumor, while minimizing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MTX 110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTX-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTX110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panobinostat Nanoparticle Formulation MTX110","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Panobinostat Nanoparticle Formulation MTX110","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552518"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793526"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793526"}]}}{"C38693":{"preferredName":"Paricalcitol","code":"C38693","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being used to treat overactive parathyroid glands in patients with kidney failure. It is also being studied in the treatment of cancer. Paricalcitol belongs to the family of drugs called vitamin D analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic noncalcemic, nonphosphatemic vitamin D analogue. Paricalcitol binds to the vitamin D receptor and has been shown to reduce parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. This agent also increases the expression of PTEN ('Phosphatase and Tensin homolog deleted on chromosome Ten'), a tumor-suppressor gene, in leukemic cells and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis and tumor cell differentiation into normal phenotypes. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(7e,22e)-19-Nor-9,10-Secoergosta-5,7,22-Triene-1Alpha,3Beta,25-Triol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compound 49510","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARICALCITOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Paricalcitol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paricalcitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zemplar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"paricalcitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0724464"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"131918-61-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Secondary hyperparathyroidism, prevention and treatment"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6702D36OG5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"315740"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"315740"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H44O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Paricalcitol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7931"}]}}{"C154560":{"preferredName":"PARP 1/2 Inhibitor NOV1401","code":"C154560","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, NOV1401 selectively binds to PARP-1 and -2, thereby preventing PARP-1 and -2-mediated DNA repair. This promotes genetic instability and enhances the accumulation of single and double strand DNA breaks, ultimately leading to apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins and is activated by single-strand DNA (ssDNA) breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PARP 1/2 Inhibitor NOV1401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555354"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794354"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794354"}]}}{"C95201":{"preferredName":"PARP Inhibitor AZD2461","code":"C95201","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential antineoplastic activity. PARP inhibitor AZD2461 selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair of single strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA and is activated by single-strand DNA breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD2461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor AZD2461","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986988"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690473"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"690473"}]}}{"C84880":{"preferredName":"PARP Inhibitor CEP-9722","code":"C84880","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule prodrug of CEP-8983, a novel 4-methoxy-carbazole inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration and conversion from CEP-9722, CEP-8983 selectively binds to PARP 1 and 2, preventing repair of damaged DNA via base excision repair (BER). This agent enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and apoptosis. CEP-8983 may potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell chemo- and radioresistance. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA and can be activated by single strand breaks in DNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEP-9722","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor CEP-9722","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor CEP-9722","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827554"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649505"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649505"}]}}{"C91387":{"preferredName":"PARP Inhibitor E7016","code":"C91387","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential chemo- and/or radiosensitizing activity. PARP inhibitor E7016 selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP mediated DNA repair of single strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. In addition, this agent may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA and is activated by single-strand DNA breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E7016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor E7016","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor E7016","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421589"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674406"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674406"}]}}{"C96795":{"preferredName":"PARP-1/2 Inhibitor ABT-767","code":"C96795","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ABT-767 selectively binds to PARP 1 and 2, thereby preventing repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway. This agent enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability eventually leading to apoptosis. ABT-767 may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell chemo- and radioresistance. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA and can be activated by single strand DNA (ssDNA) breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT-767","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP-1/2 Inhibitor ABT-767","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429404"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699738"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699738"}]}}{"C102746":{"preferredName":"PARP/Tankyrase Inhibitor 2X-121 ","code":"C102746","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, E7449 selectively binds to PARP 1 and 2, thereby preventing the repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway. This agent enhances the accumulation of single and double strand DNA breaks and promotes genomic instability eventually leading to apoptosis. PARP 1/2 inhibitor E7449 may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and of radiotherapy. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2X-121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2X-121","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"E-7449","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7449","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP/TNKS Inhibitor 2X-121","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP/Tankyrase Inhibitor 2X-121","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PARP/Tankyrase Inhibitor 2X-121 ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437003"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9X5A2QIA7C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735791"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735791"}]}}{"C90567":{"preferredName":"Parsatuzumab","code":"C90567","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor-like domain multiple 7 (EGFL7) with potential antineoplastic activity. Parsatuzumab binds to EGFL7, thereby preventing the activities of EGFL7 on endothelial cells and inhibiting the survival and migration of endothelial cells during angiogenesis. EGFL7, a vascular-restricted extracellular matrix protein which is upregulated during angiogenesis and which regulates vascular development, may be overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor-like Domain 7 Monoclonal Antibody MEGF0444A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEGF 0444A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEGF0444A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARSATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Parsatuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Parsatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416251"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"435M4HCP2M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"646991"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"646991"}]}}{"C96229":{"preferredName":"Parvovirus H-1","code":"C96229","definitions":[{"description":"A replication-competent oncolytic parvovirus with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infection of host cells, parvovirus H-1 preferentially replicates in tumor cells compared to healthy normal cells, thereby potentially resulting in tumor cell lysis and leading to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. In addition, H1-infected tumor cells strongly induce the release of the inducible heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72i), which chaperone tumor associated antigens in the H1-mediated tumor lysates and may activate antigen presenting cells (APCs), thereby leading to antitumor immune responses. Parvovirus H-1 does not cause any pathogenic effect in normal, healthy cells and is able to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H-1PV","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ParvOryx","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parvovirus H-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0319116"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697624"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697624"}]}}{"C69131":{"preferredName":"Pasireotide","code":"C69131","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic long-acting cyclic peptide with somatostatin-like activity. Pasireotide activates a broad spectrum of somatostatin receptors, exhibiting a much higher binding affinity for somatostatin receptors 1, 3, and 5 than octreotide in vitro, as well as a comparable binding affinity for somatostatin receptor 2. This agent is more potent than somatostatin in inhibiting the release of human growth hormone (HGH), glucagon, and insulin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cyclo((4R)-4-(2-aminoethylcarbamoyloxy)-L-prolyl-L-phenylglycyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-4-O-benzyl-L-tyrosyl-L-phenylalanyl-)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PASIREOTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pasireotide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pasireotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOM230","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1872203"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"396091-73-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"98H1T17066"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"540440"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"540440"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C58H66N10O9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pasireotide"}]}}{"C103827":{"preferredName":"Pasotuxizumab","code":"C103827","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant T-cell engaging bispecific monoclonal antibody (BiTE) directed against human prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and the CD3 epsilon subunit of the T cell receptor complex, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Pasotuxizumab possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for PSMA, and one for the CD3 complex, a group of T cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T cell receptor (TCR). This bispecific monoclonal antibody brings PSMA-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) together, which may result in the CTL-mediated cell death of PSMA-expressing cells. PSMA, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG-212","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY2010112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PASOTUXIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pasotuxizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438307"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1442657-12-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9J6SW7G28J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742717"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742717"}]}}{"C80063":{"preferredName":"Patidegib","code":"C80063","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, cyclopamine-derived inhibitor of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Specifically, patidegib binds to and inhibits the cell membrane-spanning G-protein coupled receptor SMO, which may result in the suppression of Hh pathway signaling and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation and survival. SMO is activated upon binding of Hh ligand to the cell surface receptor Patched (PTCH); inappropriate activation of Hh signaling and uncontrolled cellular proliferation may be associated with SMO mutations. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in proliferation of neuronal precursor cells in the developing cerebellum and other tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIN-5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IP9 Free Base","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-926","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-926 Free Base","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PATIDEGIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Patidegib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Patidegib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Saridegib","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Saridegib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist IPI-926","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703211"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1037210-93-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JT96FPU35X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"616875"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"616875"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H48N2O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Smoothened_Antagonist_IPI-926"}]}}{"C158420":{"preferredName":"Patidegib Topical Gel","code":"C158420","definitions":[{"description":"A topical gel containing patidegib, a cyclopamine-derived inhibitor of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical application of the patidegib gel, patidegib binds to and inhibits the activity of the G-protein coupled receptor smoothened (SMO), thereby inhibiting Hh pathway signaling. This decreases proliferation and survival in tumor cells in which the Hh pathway is overactivated. Upregulated Hh signaling is associated with uncontrolled tumor cell proliferation. Topical application of patidegib allows for local anti-tumor activity while avoiding systemic exposure and unwanted systemic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IPI-926 Topical Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Patidegib Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Patidegib Topical Gel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Patidegib Topical Gel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937835"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802168"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802168"}]}}{"C78853":{"preferredName":"Patritumab","code":"C78853","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the membrane-bound receptor HER3 (ERBB3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Patritumab binds to and inhibits HER3 activation, which may result in inhibition of HER3-dependent PI3K/Akt signaling and so inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in solid tumors, including breast, lung, and colorectal tumors of epithelial origin; it has no active kinase domain itself but is activated through heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family that do.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PATRITUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Patritumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Patritumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U3-1287","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698144"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1262787-83-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"86780VJI1Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612849"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612849"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-HER3_Monoclonal_Antibody_U3-1287"}]}}{"C1623":{"preferredName":"Patupilone","code":"C1623","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of epothilone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A compound isolated from the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum. Similar to paclitaxel, patupilone induces microtubule polymerization and stabilizes microtubules against depolymerization conditions. In addition to promoting tubulin polymerization and stabilization of microtubules, this agent is cytotoxic for cells overexpressing P-glycoprotein, a characteristic that distinguishes it from the taxanes. Patupilone may cause complete cell-cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Epothilone B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(1S,3S,7S,10R,11S,12S,16R)-7,11-Dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-3-[(1E)-1-methyl-2-(2-methyl-4-thiazolyl)ethenyl]-4,17-dioxabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(1S,3S,7S,10R,11S,12S,16R)-7,11-Dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-3-[(1E)-1-methyl-2-(2-methyl-4-thiazolyl)ethenyl]-4,17-dioxabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPO-906A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPO906","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Epothilone B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PATUPILONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Patupilone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Patupilone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"epothilone B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0297960"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"152044-54-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UEC0H0URSE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38702"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38702"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H41NO6S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epothilone_B"}]}}{"C74547":{"preferredName":"Pazopanib","code":"C74547","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat kidney cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of multiple protein tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pazopanib selectively inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR)-1, -2 and -3, c-kit and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R), which may result in inhibition of angiogenesis in tumors in which these receptors are upregulated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzenesulfonamide, 5-((4-((2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)methylamino)-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-2-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW786034","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW786034","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PAZOPANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pazopanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831796"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"790713-33-6"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"444731-52-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7RN5DR86CK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H23N7O2S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pazopanib_Base"}]}}{"C60779":{"preferredName":"Pazopanib Hydrochloride","code":"C60779","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat kidney cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a small molecule inhibitor of multiple protein tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pazopanib selectively inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR)-1, -2 and -3, c-kit and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R), which may result in inhibition of angiogenesis in tumors in which these receptors are upregulated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-((4-((2,3-Dimethyl-2h-Indazol-6-Yl)Methylamino)Pyrimidin-2-yl)Amino)-2-Methylbenzenesulfonamide Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GW786034B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAZOPANIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pazopanib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pazopanib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Votrient","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Votrient","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pazopanib hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"737754"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1872226"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"635702-64-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"33Y9ANM545"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"476479"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"476479"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H23N7O2S.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pazopanib"}]}}{"C99639":{"preferredName":"pbi-shRNA STMN1 Lipoplex","code":"C99639","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary RNA interference construct consisting of bifunctional short hairpin RNAs (shRNA) against human stathmin 1 (STMN1) encapsulated in the cationic bilamellar invaginated vesicle lipoplex (LP) with potential antineoplastic activity. pbi-shRNA STMN1 LP contains 2 stem-loop structures encoded by a plasmid vector. Upon intratumoral administration, one shRNA unit with a perfectly matched sequence renders the suppression of STMN1 mRNA translation (mRNA sequestration and cleavage-independent degradation) while the other unit with an imperfectly matched sequence renders STMN1 mRNA degradation via RNase H-like cleavage (cleavage-dependent mRNA silencing). The suppression of STMN1 expression in tumor cells result in a reduction of tumor cell proliferation. STMN1, a ubiquitous cytosolic phosphoprotein and tubulin modulator that plays a key role in mitosis, is overexpressed in a variety of tumors and correlates with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA PLASMID (PBI-SHRNA STMN1)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"pbi-shRNA STMN1 LP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pbi-shRNA STMN1 Lipoplex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433303"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0TG7ZQ45R5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"722324"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"722324"}]}}{"C102983":{"preferredName":"PBN Derivative OKN-007","code":"C102983","definitions":[{"description":"A disulfonyl derivative of phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN), with potential anti-glioma activity. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action of OKN007 are still largely unknown, this agent appears to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and migration. This agent appears to inhibit the activity of sulfatase 2 (SULF2), a highly specific endoglucosamine-6-sulfatase that is overexpressed in the extracellular matrix of cancer cells and catalyzes the removal of sulfate from the 6-O-sulfate esters of heparin. In addition, OKN007 may induce changes in tumor metabolism and scavenge free radicals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Disulfonyl PBN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,4-Disulfophenyl-tert-butylnitrone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NXY-059","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OKN-007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OKN007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBN Derivative OKN-007","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PBN Derivative OKN-007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2974636"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"168021-79-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739669"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739669"}]}}{"C1186":{"preferredName":"PCNU","code":"C1186","definitions":[{"description":"A chloroethylnitrosourea compound and an alkylating agent with antineoplastic property. PCNU inhibits DNA synthesis by alkylating DNA and causing DNA cross links, thereby inducing apoptosis. In addition, this agent may be associated with pulmonary, hepatic, and hematologic toxicities. Unlike other nitrosoureas, PCNU has strong alkylating while weak carbamoylating activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-CHLOROETHYL)-3-(2,6-DIOXO-3-PIPERIDYL)-1-NITROSOUREA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(2,6-Dioxo-3-Piperidyl)-1-Nitrourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCNU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCNU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Urea, N-(2-chloroethyl)-N'-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidinyl)-N-nitroso-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"95466"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070165"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"13909-02-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AZW59V4Q3B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39549"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PCNU"}]}}{"C160716":{"preferredName":"PD-1 Directed Probody CX-188","code":"C160716","definitions":[{"description":"A probody composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), linked to a proprietary masking peptide that covers the active antigen binding site of the antibody through a protease-cleavable linker, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of PD-1-directed probody CX-188, the masking peptide is cleaved by tumor-associated proteases within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Protease-mediated removal of the linker enables binding of the unmasked monoclonal antibody moiety to PD-1, thereby disrupting PD-1 signaling. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. Tumor-associated proteases are present in high concentrations and aberrantly activated in the TME.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Probody CX-188","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX 188","termGroup":"CA2","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-188","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX188","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 Directed Probody CX-188","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969825"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797958"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797958"}]}}{"C124946":{"preferredName":"PD1 Inhibitor","code":"C124946","definitions":[{"description":"An agent designed to interfere with the activity of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1). PD1 inhibitors block T-cell apoptosis and act as non-specific activators of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PD-1 Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1-targeting Agent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD1 Inhibitor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PD1 Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD1 Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein PD-1 Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4086713"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C158532":{"preferredName":"PD-L1 Inhibitor INCB086550","code":"C158532","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the immunosuppressive ligand, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, PD-L1 inhibitor INCB086550 specifically targets PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells preventing the binding and subsequent activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-L1/PD-1 signaling, increases T-cell expansion and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1, a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is overexpressed in some cancer types and plays a significant role in immune evasion by tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INCB 086550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 86550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-086550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-86550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB086550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB86550","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 Ligand 1 Inhibitor INCB086550","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-L1 Inhibitor INCB086550","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PD-L1 Inhibitor INCB086550","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937968"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797120"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797120"}]}}{"C129594":{"preferredName":"PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA Antagonist CA-170","code":"C129594","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the immune checkpoint regulatory proteins programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1; B7-H1; CD274), PD-L2, and V-domain immunoglobulin (Ig) suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA; programmed death 1 homolog; PD1H; PD-1H), with potential negative immune checkpoint regulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA antagonist CA-170 targets and binds to PD-L1, PD-L2 and VISTA. This inhibits PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA-mediated signaling, abrogates the PD-L1-, PD-L2- and VISTA-induced suppression of T-lymphocyte immune responses, enhances cytotoxic T-cell proliferation and activation against tumor cells, increases cytokine production by T-cells, and inhibits tumor cell growth. PD-L1, PD-L2 and VISTA, negative checkpoint molecules of immune activation, play key roles in the suppression of T-cell functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AUPM 170","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA-170","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA Antagonist CA-170","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA Antagonist CA-170","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA Checkpoint Antagonist CA-170","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512601"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783861"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783861"}]}}{"C88271":{"preferredName":"PDK1 Inhibitor AR-12","code":"C88271","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, celecoxib-derived inhibitor of phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) with potential antineoplastic activity. Devoid of any COX inhibiting activity, PDK1 inhibitor AR-12 binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK-1).; subsequently, the phosphorylation and activation of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B or PKB) is inhibited, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent appears to induce the activity of protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), which plays a key role in the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. Activation and dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR-12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AR-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PDK1 Inhibitor AR-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1569671"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"742112-33-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EX3O2Q61UV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655950"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655950"}]}}{"C157262":{"preferredName":"pDNA-encoding Emm55 Autologous Cancer Cell Vaccine IFx-Hu2.0","code":"C157262","definitions":[{"description":"A whole cell cancer vaccine composed of irradiated autologous whole tumor cells that are transfected, ex vivo, with a plasmid DNA encoding the highly immunogenic Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) bacterial antigen Emm55, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intralesional administration of IFx-Hu2.0, the tumor cells expressing the Emm55 bacterial antigen on their cell surface are taken up and processed by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), thereby presenting both the Emm55 and the patient-specific tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) to the immune system. This activates the immune system to elicit a tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the tumor cells expressing the TAAs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Cancer Cell-transfected with Plasmid DNA Encoding for Emm55 Streptococcal Antigen IFx-Hu2.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFx-Hu2.0","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ImmuneFx","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmid DNA Autologous Cancer Vaccine IFx-Hu2.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmid DNA Vaccine Encoding S. pyogenes Emm55 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pDNA Autologous Cancer Cell Vaccine IFx-Hu2.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pDNA-encoding Emm55 Autologous Cancer Cell Vaccine IFx-Hu2.0","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pDNA-encoding Emm55 Autologous Cancer Cell Vaccine IFx-Hu2.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL936865"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796807"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796807"}]}}{"C126276":{"preferredName":"PE/HPV16 E7/KDEL Fusion Protein/GPI-0100 TVGV-1","code":"C126276","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein consisting of a peptide sequence of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7 nuclear protein and fused to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (PE) and a endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal (KDEL), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of PE/HPV16 E7/KDEL fusion protein TVGV-1, the PE moiety binds to CD91 (LRP1) expressed on a variety of cells, including antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells (DCs), which facilitates the internalization, through endocytosis, of TVGV-1. Following endocytosis, this agent is proteolytically cleaved by the proteasome and the epitopes from the HPV E7 protein become bound to MHC-I molecules and are presented on the DC-cell surface. This facilitates a cytotoxic T-cell- mediated immune response against HPV16 E7 expressing-tumor cells. KDEL targets the fusion protein to the ER, which increases this agent's potential to be bound by MHC-I molecules; this increases the immune response against HPV16 E7-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PE-E7-KDEL/GPI-0100 TVGV-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PE/HPV16 E7/KDEL Fusion Protein/GPI-0100 TVGV-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PE/HPV16 E7/KDEL Fusion Protein/GPI-0100 TVGV-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEK Fusion Protein/GPI-0100 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TVGV-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TVGV-1 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504853"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779306"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779306"}]}}{"C1304":{"preferredName":"PEG-interleukin-2","code":"C1304","definitions":[{"description":"A complex of polyethylene glycol conjugated with human recombinant cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) with antineoplastic activity. PEG-interleukin-2 induces natural killer (NK) cell activity and the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and enhances T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Pegylation of IL-2 protects the cytokine from degradation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEG-IL-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-interleukin-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyethylene Glycol-Modified Recombinant Interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0083036"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39577"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39577"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PEG-interleukin-2"}]}}{"C49178":{"preferredName":"PEG-PEI-cholesterol Lipopolymer-encased IL-12 DNA Plasmid Vector GEN-1","code":"C49178","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation composed of a non-viral plasmid DNA vector encoding the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) encapsulated in a biodegradable, biocompatible lipoplex composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyethylenimine (PEI), and cholesterol, with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intraperitoneal (IP) delivery of the PEG-PEI-cholesterol lipopolymer-encased IL-12 DNA plasmid vector GEN-1, the lipoplex is endocytosed by nearby cells, and the plasmid DNA is transported into the nucleus, which leads to local expresssion of IL-12. In turn, the increased IL-12 production at the tumor site activates the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NKs), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and promoting cytotoxic T-cell responses against tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GEN-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-12 Plasmid Formulated With PEG-PEI-Cholesterol Lipopolymer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle-encased IL-12 DNA Plasmid Vector","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-PEI-cholesterol Lipopolymer-encased IL-12 DNA Plasmid Vector GEN-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PEG-PEI-cholesterol Lipopolymer-encased IL-12 DNA Plasmid Vector GEN-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"phIL-12-005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707844"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"454593"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"454593"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"EGEN-001"}]}}{"C111892":{"preferredName":"Ropeginterferon Alfa-2B","code":"C111892","definitions":[{"description":"A long-acting formulation of recombinant interferon alpha subtype 2b (IFN-a2b), in which IFN-a2b is coupled, via proline, to polyethylene glycol (PEG), with antiviral, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of ropeginterferon alfa-2b, IFN-a2b targets and binds to specific IFN cell-surface receptors. This activates IFN-mediated signal transduction pathways and induces the transcription and translation of genes with IFN-specific response elements (ISREs). Their protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. The PEG moiety inhibits proteolytic breakdown and clearance of IFN-a2b, which prolongs its half-life, extends the duration of its therapeutic effects and allows less frequent dosing. The proline linker facilitates the synthesis of a single positional isomer which further increases its stability and half-life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AOP2014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Besremi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-P-IFN-Alfa-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-P-IFN-Alpha-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-Proline-Interferon Alfa-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROPEGINTERFERON ALFA-2B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ropeginterferon Alfa-2B","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ropeginterferon Alfa-2B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827091"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553454"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1335098-50-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"981TME683S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753252"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753252"}]}}{"C91702":{"preferredName":"Pegargiminase","code":"C91702","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of melanoma, liver cancer, and other types of cancer. It breaks down the amino acid arginine and may block the growth of cancer cells that need arginine to grow. It is a type of iminohydrolase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An agent consisting of the arginine-degrading enzyme arginine deiminase combined with polyethylene glycol (20,000 MW) (ADI-PEG 20) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pegargiminase breaks down the amino acid arginine into citrulline. Although arginine is a nonessential amino acid for normal human cells, certain cancer cells are autotrophic for arginine and need arginine in order to survive. Depletion of arginine may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in those cancer cells. ADI is coupled to PEG in order to enhance this agent's half-life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADI-PEG 20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PEGARGIMINASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegargiminase","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegargiminase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pegylated arginine deiminase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328192"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1394129-74-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0B7PYQ9YRT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355725"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355725"}]}}{"C1200":{"preferredName":"Pegaspargase","code":"C1200","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is a form of the drug asparaginase that is linked to a substance called PEG, which makes the drug stay in the body longer. Asparaginase is an enzyme that breaks down the amino acid asparagine and may block the growth of tumor cells that need asparagine to grow. It is a type of protein synthesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A complex of polyethylene glycol conjugated with L-asparaginase. Asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia, thereby depleting these cells of asparagine and blocking protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation, especially in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The agent also induces apoptosis in tumor cells. Pegylation decreases the enzyme's antigenicity. Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in leukemic cells, which cannot synthesize this amino acid due to the absence of the enzyme asparagine synthase. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(Monomethoxypolyethylene Glycol Succinimidyl)74-L-Asparaginase","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Asparaginase with Polyethylene Glycol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncaspar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncaspar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Oncaspar-IV","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncaspar-IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PEG-Asparaginase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-L-Asparaginase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-L-Asparaginase (Enzon - Kyowa Hakko)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PEG-asparaginase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PEGASPARGASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PEGLA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegaspargase","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegaspargase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyethylene Glycol L-Asparaginase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Polyethylene Glycol-L-Asparaginase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pegaspargase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"644954"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"624239"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0071568"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"130167-69-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute lymphoblastic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7D96IR0PPM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40312"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40312"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pegaspargase"}]}}{"C62791":{"preferredName":"Pegdinetanib","code":"C62791","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. CT-322 may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pegylated form of a thermostable and protease resistant peptide targeting human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) with potential antiangiogenic activity. Derived from the 10th type III domain of human fibronectin and one of the natural ligands, pegdinetanib binds to VEGFR-2 and prevents activation of VEGFR-2 by other activating ligands. This may inhibit the growth of new tumor blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiocept","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiocept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BMS-844203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-322","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-322","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PEGDINETANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegdinetanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegdinetanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR-2 inhibitor CT-322","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831965"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"906450-24-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SSB56T0M0L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575516"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"575516"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CT-322"}]}}{"C1854":{"preferredName":"Pegfilgrastim","code":"C1854","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to increase numbers of white blood cells in patients who are receiving chemotherapy. It is a type of colony-stimulating factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A long-acting pegylated form of a recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to an endogenous human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Produced endogenously by monocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, G-CSF binds to and activates specific cell surface receptors, stimulating neutrophil progenitor proliferation and differentiation and selected neutrophil functions. Conjugation of the cytokine with a branched polyethylene glycol molecule (pegylation) significantly increases its therapeutic half-life. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Filgrastim SD-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fulphila","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSP-130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jinyouli","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neulasta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neulasta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Neulastim","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nyvepria","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEGFILGRASTIM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegcyte","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegfilgrastim","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegfilgrastim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegfilgrastim Biosimilar HSP-130","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegfilgrastim Biosimilar Nyvepria","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegfilgrastim Biosimilar Pegcyte","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegfilgrastim Biosimilar Udenyca","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegfilgrastim Biosimilar Ziextenzo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegfilgrastim-jmdb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SD-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SD-01 sustained duration G-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Udenyca","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ziextenzo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"filgrastim-SD/01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pegfilgrastim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pegfilgrastim-apgf","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pegfilgrastim-bmez","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pegfilgrastim-cbqv","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"725961"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1136535"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"208265-92-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3A58010674"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37807"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37807"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C3H8NO(C2H4O)n"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pegfilgrastim"}]}}{"C113295":{"preferredName":"Pegilodecakin","code":"C113295","definitions":[{"description":"A covalent conjugate of recombinant human interleukin-10 (IL-10) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), with potential anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, pegilodecakin may activate cell-mediated immunity against cancer cells by stimulating the differentiation and expansion of tumor specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. This agent may also lower serum cholesterol levels and reduce atherosclerotic plaques by inhibiting the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as Interferon-gamma, IL-2, IL-3, TNF-alpha, and GM-CSF. The PEG moiety inhibits proteolytic breakdown and clearance of AM0010, which prolongs its half-life, extends the duration of its therapeutic effects and allows less frequent dosing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AM-0010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AM0010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-rHuIL-10 AM0010","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEGILODECAKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegilodecakin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458142"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1966111-35-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5Z9850I25F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756011"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756011"}]}}{"C33987":{"preferredName":"Peginterferon Alfa-2a","code":"C33987","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat hepatitis C infections. It is also being studied in the treatment and prevention of cancer. It is a cytokine that is modified in the laboratory. It is a type of biological response modifier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A covalent conjugate of recombinant interferon alfa, subtype 2a, and polyethylene glycol (PEG), used as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. The biological activity of this agent is derived from its interferon alpha-2a protein moiety. Interferons alfa bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer and immune-modulating effects. The PEG moiety lowers the clearance of interferon alpha-2a, thereby extending the duration of its therapeutic effects, but may also reduce interferon-mediated stimulation of an immune response. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEG-Interferon Alfa-2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-interferon alfa-2a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegasys","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegasys","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Peginterferon Alfa-2a","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Peginterferon Alfa-2a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"729130"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0391001"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"198153-51-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic hepatitis C; renal cell carcinoma; advanced melanoma; chronic myelogenous leukaemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q46947FE7K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"335280"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"335280"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H18N3O5(C2H4O)n(C2H4O)n"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PEG-Interferon_Alfa-2a"}]}}{"C1845":{"preferredName":"Peginterferon Alfa-2b","code":"C1845","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat hepatitis C infections. It is also being studied in the treatment and prevention of cancer. It is a cytokine that is modified in the laboratory. It is a type of biological response modifier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A covalent conjugate of recombinant interferon alpha, subtype 2b, and polyethylene glycol (PEG), used as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. The biological activity of this agent is derived from its interferon alpha-2b protein moiety. Interferons alfa bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. The PEG moiety lowers the clearance of interferon alpha-2b, thereby extending the duration of its therapeutic effects, but may also reduce the interferon-mediated stimulation of an immune response. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEG Interferon Alpha-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG Intron","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-IFN Alfa-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-IFN-a 2b","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-Interferon Alfa-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-Intron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-Intron","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PEG-interferon alfa-2b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Peginterferon Alfa-2b","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Peginterferon Alfa-2b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Interferon Alpha-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyethylene Glycol IFN-A2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyethylene Glycol Interferon Alfa-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 54031","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Sylatron","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"720033"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796545"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"215647-85-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"chronic hepatitis C; renal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G8RGG88B68"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43407"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43407"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C2H4NO2(C2H4O)n"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PEG-Interferon_Alfa-2B"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63615"}]}}{"C61881":{"preferredName":"Pegvisomant","code":"C61881","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated, recombinant, human growth hormone (GH) structural analog with GH receptor antagonist activity. As a GH analog, the structure of pegvisomant is similar to that of native GH with the exception of 9 amino acid substitutions. Pegvisomant selectively binds to GH receptors on cell surfaces, interfering with endogenous GH receptor binding and so GH signal transduction. Inhibition of GH signal transduction results in decreased serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and other GH-responsive serum proteins, including IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and the acid-labile subunit (ALS), and may inhibit the growth of cancers in which IGF-1 is upregulated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEGVISOMANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegvisomant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegvisomant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Pegvisomant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatotropin (18-Aspartic Acid, 21-Asparagine, 120-Lysine, 167-Asparagine, 168-Alanine, 171-Serine, 172-Arginine, 174-Serine, 179-Threonine) (Human), Pegylated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somavert","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trovert","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0913469"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"218620-50-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N824AOU5XV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655949"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655949"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pegvisomant"}]}}{"C162508":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Deoxycytidine Analogue DFP-14927","code":"C162508","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated formulation containing DFP-10917, an analogue of the nucleoside deoxycytidine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the pegylated deoxycytidine analogue DFP-14927 is incorporated into the DNA of rapidly proliferating cells, such as tumor cells, and directly inhibits the activity of DNA polymerase, which results in the inhibition of DNA replication and cell cycle arrest, DNA fragmentation, and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DFP 14927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DFP-14927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DFP14927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nucleoside Analog DFP-10917","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PEGylated DFP-10917","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Deoxycytidine Analogue DFP-14927","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymeric Nucleoside Analogue DFP-14927","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970946"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798748"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798748"}]}}{"C2491":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Interferon Alfa","code":"C2491","definitions":[{"description":"A covalent conjugate of recombinant interferon alpha and polyethylene glycol (PEG), used as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. The biological activity of this agent is derived from its interferon alpha protein moiety. Interferons alfa bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. The PEG moiety lowers the clearance of interferon alpha, thereby extending the duration of its therapeutic effects, but may also reduce interferon-mediated stimulation of an immune response. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEG-IFN-a","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG-interferon alfa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Interferon Alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegylated Interferon Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0907160"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hepatitis C."},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43151"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43151"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pegylated_Interferon_Alfa"}]}}{"C61437":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Liposomal Belotecan","code":"C61437","definitions":[{"description":"A sterically stabilized, pegylated liposomal formulation containing belotecan, a semi-synthetic analogue of campthotecin with potential antitumor activity. Belotecan inhibits the action of topoisomerase I, an enzyme that produces reversible single-strand breaks in DNA during DNA replication. This agent stabilizes the topoisomerase I and DNA complex, resulting in the inhibition of religation of DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication, and apoptotic cell death. The polyethylene glycol coating allows for greater plasma circulation time, thus enhancing the concentration of belotecan at the tumor site. Encapsulation of belotecan preserves the active lactone form, resulting in an increased cytotoxic effect of belotecan.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Belotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-CKD602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STEALTH Liposomal Belotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831764"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"471934"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"471934"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"S-CKD602"}]}}{"C1555":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C1555","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the anticancer drug doxorubicin that is contained in very tiny, fat-like particles. It may have fewer side effects and work better than doxorubicin. Doxil is used to treat ovarian cancer, AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma, and multiple myeloma in patients whose disease has not gotten better after treatment with other anticancer drugs. It may be used together with other anticancer drugs. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Doxil is a type of anthracycline antitumor antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A liposome-encapsulated preparation of the hydrochloride salt of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Doxorubicin intercalates between DNA base pairs, thereby hinders the movement of replication machinery along DNA strands, as well as blocks the activity of topoisomerase II during replication. As a result, this agent causes DNA adducts formation, renders single- and double-stranded DNA breakages that induce DNA repair and or apoptotic processes. Doxorubicin also generates reactive oxygen species that leads to cytotoxicity secondary to lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipids. Liposomal delivery of doxorubicin HCl improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of therapeutic drug effects. A liposomal formulation of doxorubicin also modulates toxicity, specifically the cardiac effects commonly seen with anthracycline antitumor drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S-cis)-8-Acetyl-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-a-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-tri-hydroxy-1-methoxy-5,12-naphthacenedione Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATI-0918","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Caelyx","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOX-SL","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DOXIL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dox-SL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Doxil","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Doxilen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin HCl Liposomal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin HCl Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duomeisu","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Evacet","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Evacet","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LipoDox","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LipoDox","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Lipodox 50","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Adriamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal-Encapsulated Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Doxorubicin HCl Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Liposomal Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stealth Liposomal Doxorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLC D-99","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"doxorubicin hydrochloride liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"liposomal doxorubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"712227"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522690"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Refractory metastatic carcinoma of the ovary; AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma; breast cancer; relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (with bortezomib)."},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39424"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39424"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Doxorubicin_Hydrochloride_Liposome"}]}}{"C62789":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Liposomal Irinotecan","code":"C62789","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified liposomes encapsulating the semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin irinotecan, with antineoplastic activity. As a prodrug, irinotecan is converted to the biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) by a carboxylesterase-converting enzyme. In turn, SN-38 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex of topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks. This results in an inhibition of DNA replication and an induction of apoptosis. Pegylated liposomal delivery of irinotecan improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of exposure while lowering systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IHL-305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Irinotecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Irinotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831956"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"506099"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"506099"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liposomal_Irinotecan"}]}}{"C103276":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Liposomal Mitomycin C Lipid-based Prodrug","code":"C103276","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated liposomal formulation comprised of a lipophilic prodrug of the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C containing a cleavable disulfide bond (PL-MLP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the pegylated liposomal mitomycin C lipid-based prodrug, the MLP moiety becomes activated upon thiolysis at the tumor site, thereby releasing mitomycin C. Bioreduced mitomycin C generates oxygen radicals, alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. The thiolytic environment and upregulated expression of thioredoxins at the tumor site allow for the activation and release of mitomycin C. This prodrug formulation allows for greater circulation time, less systemic toxicity and increased accumulation of mitomycin C at the tumor site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PL-MLP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Mitomycin C Lipid-based Prodrug","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Promitil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438127"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741900"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741900"}]}}{"C131307":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Liposomal Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride","code":"C131307","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated liposomal mitoxantrone formulation composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the anthracenedione antibiotic mitoxantrone encapsulated within pegylated small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, mitoxantrone intercalates into and forms crosslinks with DNA, thereby disrupting DNA and RNA replication. This agent also binds to topoisomerase II, which both results in DNA strand breaks and prevents DNA synthesis. This leads to the induction of apoptosis in rapidly dividing cancer cells. The pegylated liposomal formulation improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing drug circulation and therapeutic efficacy while lowering toxic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLM60","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514320"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785702"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785702"}]}}{"C116869":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Liposomal Nanoparticle-based Docetaxel Prodrug MNK-010","code":"C116869","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation containing pegylated liposomal nanoparticles encapsulating a prodrug of the poorly water-soluble, second-generation taxane analog docetaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the liposomal docetaxel prodrug MNK-010, docetaxel is slowly released into the systemic circulation and accumulates at the tumor site due to the unique characteristics of the tumor's vasculature. In turn, docetaxel is taken up by tumor cells, and subsequently binds to and stabilizes the beta-subunit of tubulin, thereby stabilizing microtubules and inhibiting microtubule disassembly. This results in cell cycle arrest and induces cell death. Compared to the administration of docetaxel alone, this formulation is able to increase the delivery of docetaxel into tumors, thereby increasing docetaxel's efficacy while minimizing its toxicity. In addition, this formulation solubilizes docetaxel without the use of toxic solvents, thereby permitting the administration of larger doses of docetaxel while avoiding solvent-associated toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MNK-010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP-3549-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Docetaxel Prodrug MNK-010","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Nanoparticle-based Docetaxel Prodrug MNK-010","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegylated Liposomal Nanoparticle-based Docetaxel Prodrug MNK-010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471764"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757071"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757071"}]}}{"C63476":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Paclitaxel","code":"C63476","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugated paclitaxel, a compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia, with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with the dynamics of microtubule assembly/disassembly and resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein B-cell Leukemia 2 (Bcl-2). Compared to paclitaxel alone, pegylated paclitaxel has an enhanced water solubility leading to an increase in bioavailability, and decreases its toxicity profile. Therefore, the pegylated formulation potentially supports delivery of higher doses of paclitaxel to the specific site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEG Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541201"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"363602"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"363602"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pegylated_Paclitaxel"}]}}{"C88286":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Recombinant Human Arginase I BCT-100","code":"C88286","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human arginase I (liver arginase) covalently attached, via a succinamide propionic acid (SPA) linker, to a polyethylene glycol (PEG) of molecular weight 5,000 [rhArg-peg(5,000mw)] with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of pegylated recombinant human arginase I BCT-100, arginase metabolizes the amino acid arginine to ornithine and urea, depleting intracellular arginine, which may inhibit proliferation of cells that are auxotrophic for arginine such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. This agent may also work synergistically with various cytotoxic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCT-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCT-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant Human Arginase I BCT-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhArgIpeg5000","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413535"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S3HC6XX81X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657226"}]}}{"C82659":{"preferredName":"Pegvorhyaluronidase Alfa","code":"C82659","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated formulation of a recombinant form of human hyaluronidase with potential antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, pegvorhyaluronidase alfa degrades hyaluronic acid (HA) coating tumor cells, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth. In addition, the degradation of HA may result in a lowering of the interstitial fluid pressure (IFP), allowing better penetration of chemotherapeutic agents into the tumor bed. HA is a glycosaminoglycan found in the extracellular matrix (ECM) that is frequently overproduced by various tumor cell types. The presence of HA in tumors correlates with increased tumor cell growth, metastatic potential, tumor progression, increased resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, and an elevation in tumor IFP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEGPH20","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEGVORHYALURONIDASE ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PH20","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegvorhyaluronidase Alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegvorhyaluronidase Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase PH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant Human PH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388491"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1620390-06-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P01I4980ZS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636196"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"636196"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pegylated_Recombinant_Human_Hyaluronidase_PH20"}]}}{"C162645":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Recombinant Interleukin-2 THOR-707","code":"C162645","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated recombinant, engineered variant of cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2; IL2) where novel amino acid is encoded in the IL-2 gene that is leveraged for use in site-specific pegylation, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration of pegylated recombinant IL-2 THOR-707, the IL-2 variant moiety binds to dimers containing the IL-2 receptor beta and gamma chains (IL2Rbg; IL2Rbetagamma) on immune cells, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells, thereby activating these cells and inducing their expansion. It also induces the expression of certain cytotoxic cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFNg) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGFb). The specific induction of T-cell-mediated cytotoxic immune responses against tumor cells causes tumor cell destruction. The addition of the novel amino acid and the concurrent pegylation prevents the binding of the IL-2 moiety to the IL-2 receptor alpha chain (IL2Ra), thereby blocking the IL2Ra-mediated activation of CD4-positive regulatory and immunosuppressive T-cells (Tregs). Since it cannot bind to IL2Ra expressed on innate lymphoid cells in the vascular endothelium, THOR-707 prevents IL-2-mediated recruitment and activation of eosinophils, and inhibits the induction of eosinophil-mediated vascular leak syndrome (VLS). Pegylation also extends the half-life of THOR-707. Compared to recombinant IL-2, THOR-707 allows for increased IL-2Rbg binding and proliferation of CTLs without stimulating the toxicity caused by binding to IL-2Ra.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL-2 Variant THOR-707","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant IL-2 Variant THOR-707","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant Interleukin-2 THOR-707","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant Interleukin-2 THOR-707","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THOR 707","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THOR-707","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THOR707","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971032"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798926"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798926"}]}}{"C101259":{"preferredName":"Pegylated Recombinant L-asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi","code":"C101259","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated, recombinant form of L-asparaginase derived from the bacterium Erwinia chrysanthemi (mPEG-R-Crisantaspase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of pegylated recombinant L-asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi, asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia, thereby depleting cancer cells of asparagine thus blocking protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation. Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in cancer cells, which cannot synthesize this amino acid due to the absence of the enzyme asparagine synthase. Compared to other available Erwinia chrysanthemi derived L-asparaginase agents, the pegylated form is longer acting and less immunogenic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Asparec","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant L-asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mPEG-R-crisantaspase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435507"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729150"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729150"}]}}{"C125143":{"preferredName":"Pegzilarginase","code":"C125143","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant modified form of the human enzyme arginase 1 (ARG1), in which cobalt is substituted for manganese as a cofactor, covalently attached to polyethylene glycol (PEG), with potential arginine degrading and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of pegzilarginase, ARG1 metabolizes the amino acid arginine to ornithine and urea, thereby lowering blood arginine levels. This normalizes blood arginine levels in patients with ARG1 deficiency and prevents hyperargininemia. This also inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells that are dependent on extracellular arginine uptake for their proliferation. In normal, healthy cells, arginine is synthesized intracellularly by the enzymes ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), argininosuccinate synthase (ASS), and argininosuccinate lyase (ASL); thus they are not dependent on extracellular arginine for survival. In cancer cells these enzymes are disabled; therefore, this agent may inhibit proliferation and survival of these cells by depleting extracellular arginine. Pegylation improves blood circulation times and cobalt substitution increases the catalytic activity of ARG1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEB-1102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AEB1102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Co-ArgI-PEG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEGZILARGINASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pegylated Recombinant Arginase AEB1102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegzilarginase","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegzilarginase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503972"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1659310-95-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4YV4KW88GD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778251"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778251"}]}}{"C60774":{"preferredName":"Pelareorep","code":"C60774","definitions":[{"description":"An isolate of the oncolytic, human wild-type serotype 3 Dearing (T3D) strain of the double-stranded RNA virus reovirus (Respiratory Enteric Orphan virus), with potential oncolytic activity. Upon administration, pelareorep is able to replicate specifically in cancer cells bearing an activated Ras pathway. This induces apoptosis in Ras-activated tumor cells and subsequently frees progeny viral particles to infect, replicate in and induce cell death of surrounding cancer cells. In addition, viral replication causes the activation of innate and adaptive immune responses, causing a natural killer (NK)-cell-mediated and a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL)-mediated killing of tumor cells, respectively. Ras-activated tumor cells are deficient in their ability to trigger the antiviral response mediated by the host cellular protein, double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PELAREOREP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PO BB0209","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PO-BB0209","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelareorep","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pelareorep","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reolysin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reovirus Serotype 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wild-type Reovirus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"729968"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1882931"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1383626-61-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S9J80L3D1U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"563224"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"563224"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Reolysin"}]}}{"C1650":{"preferredName":"Peldesine","code":"C1650","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied for the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyrimidine analogue and purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor with immunosuppressive and antineoplastic properties. Peldesine inhibits purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) that plays a pivotal role in T-cell proliferation and is responsible for the catalysis of the reversible phosphorolytic cleavage of purine ribonucleosides and 2'-deoxyribonucleosides. Inhibition of PNP results in accumulation of dGTP and the subsequent failure of DNA synthesis. This agent maybe used in T-cell related autoimmune diseases including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn s disease and T-cell cancers","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4H-Pyrrolo(3,2-d)pyrimidin-4-one,1,5-dihydro-2-amino-7-(3-pyridinylmethyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-(3-Pyridinylmethyl)-7H-9-deazaguanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCX-34","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PELDESINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Peldesina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peldesine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"peldesine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338278"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"133432-71-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7B646RJ70F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42367"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42367"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H11N5O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peldesine"}]}}{"C2713":{"preferredName":"Pelitinib","code":"C2713","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 3-cyanoquinoline pan-ErbB tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Pelitinib irreversibly binds covalently to epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) ErbB-1, -2 and -4, thereby inhibiting receptor phosphorylation and signal transduction and resulting in apoptosis and suppression of proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress these receptors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-N-(4-((3-Chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino)-3-cyano-7-ethoxyquinolin-6-yl)-4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EKB 569","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EKB-569","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"EKB-569","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PELITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pelitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pelitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WAY-EKB 569","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"729742"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0961045"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"257933-82-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X5DWL380Z6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352165"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352165"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H23ClFN5O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"EKB-569"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38927"}]}}{"C2633":{"preferredName":"Pelitrexol","code":"C2633","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called glycinamide ribonucleotide formyl transferase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A water soluble antifolate with anti-proliferative activity. Pelitrexol inhibits activity of glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT), the first folate-dependent enzyme of the de novo purine synthesis pathway essential for cell proliferation. Enzyme inhibition reduces the purine nucleotides pool required for DNA replication and RNA transcription. As a result, this agent causes cell cycle arrest in S-phase, and ultimately inhibits tumor cell proliferation","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S)-2-(((5-(2-((6S)-2-Amino-4-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydropyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-6-yl)ethyl)-4-methylthiophen-2-yl)carbonyl)amino)pentanedioic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(2S)-2-[[[5-[2-[(6S)-2-amino-4-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-6-yl]ethyl]-4-methylthiophen-2-yl]carbonyl]amino]pentanedioic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG2037","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG2037","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PELITREXOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pelitrexol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1871457"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"446022-33-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DHT6E8M4KP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38329"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38329"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H25N5O6S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AG2037"}]}}{"C106432":{"preferredName":"Pembrolizumab","code":"C106432","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 antibody directed against human cell surface receptor PD-1 (programmed death-1 or programmed cell death-1) with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pembrolizumab binds to PD-1, an inhibitory signaling receptor expressed on the surface of activated T cells, and blocks the binding to and activation of PD-1 by its ligands, which results in the activation of T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. The ligands for PD-1 include programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), overexpressed on certain cancer cells, and programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2), which is primarily expressed on APCs. Activated PD-1 negatively regulates T-cell activation and plays a key role in in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4, Anti-(Human Programmed Cell Death 1); Humanized Mouse Monoclonal (228-L-proline(H10-S>P))gamma 4 Heavy Chain (134-218')-disulfide with Humanized Mouse Monoclonal Kappa Light Chain Dimer (226-226'':229-229'')-bisdisulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Keytruda","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lambrolizumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-3475","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEMBROLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pembrolizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pembrolizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 900475","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3658706"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1374853-91-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"soft tissue sarcoma (STS)"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"postmenopausal women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer; recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC); metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors express PD-L1; unresectable or metastatic melanoma or melanoma with involvement of lymph node(s) following complete resection; metastatic small cell lung cancer (SCLC); advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC); recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer; refractory primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL); urothelial cancer; hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); recurrent locally advanced or metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DPT0O3T46P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695789"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695789"}]}}{"C61614":{"preferredName":"Pemetrexed","code":"C61614","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic pyrimidine-based antifolate. Pemetrexed binds to and inhibits the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS), which catalyses the methylation of 2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate (dUMP) to 2'-deoxythymidine-5'-monophosphate (dTMP), an essential precursor in DNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L-Glutamic Acid, N-(4-(2-(2-Amino-4,7-dihydro-4-oxo-1H-pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl)benzoyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multitargeted Antifolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEMETREXED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pemetrexed","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pemetrexed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pemfexy","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"698037"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0210657"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"137281-23-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"04Q9AIZ7NO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H21N5O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pemetrexed_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63616"}]}}{"C1533":{"preferredName":"Pemetrexed Disodium","code":"C1533","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used alone or with another drug to treat certain types of non-small cell lung cancer and malignant pleural mesothelioma. It is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Pemetrexed disodium blocks DNA synthesis and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of folate antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The disodium salt of a synthetic pyrimidine-based antifolate. Pemetrexed binds to and inhibits the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS) which catalyses the methylation of 2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate (dUMP) to 2'-deoxythymidine-5'-monophosphate (dTMP), an essential precursor in DNA synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alimta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alimta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Almita","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY231514","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY231514","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"N-[4-[2-(2-Amino-4,7-dihydro-4-oxo-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]-L-glutamic Acid Disodium Salt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"N-[4-[2-(2-Amino-4,7-dihydro-4-oxo-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]-L-glutamic Acid Disodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEMETREXED DISODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pemetrexed Disodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pemetrexed Disodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pemetrexed disodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"698037"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0936142"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"150399-23-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Malignant pleural mesothelioma; Non-small cell lung cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2PKU919BA9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42328"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H19N5O6.2Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pemetrexed"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63722"}]}}{"C121553":{"preferredName":"Pemigatinib","code":"C121553","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) types 1, 2, and 3 (FGFR1/2/3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Pemigatinib binds to and inhibits FGFR1/2/3, which may result in the inhibition of FGFR1/2/3-related signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR1/2/3-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation, migration, and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-Pyrrolo(3',2':5,6)pyrido(4,3-d)pyrimidin-2-one, 3-(2,6-difluoro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-ethyl-1,3,4,7-tetrahydro-8-(4-morpholinylmethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB054828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEMIGATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pemazyre","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pemigatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053633"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1513857-77-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"for the treatment of adults with previously treated, unresectable locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma with a fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusion or other rearrangement"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y6BX7BL23K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770381"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770381"}]}}{"C124843":{"preferredName":"Pemlimogene Merolisbac","code":"C124843","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, live-attenuated, double-deleted (LADD) strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) epidermal growth factor receptor mutant form EGFRvIII and human mesothelin, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes encoding EGFRvIII-mesothelin vaccine Pemlimogene merolisbac is taken up by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). EGFRvIII and mesothelin are subsequently expressed by the APCs and then processed and presented to the immune system by both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules. This activates the immune system and leads to the recruitment and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) against EGFRvIII- and mesothelin-expressing tumor cells, eventually resulting in tumor cell lysis. EGFRvIII and mesothelin are overexpressed in many types of cancer. Two genes contributing to the virulence of Lm have been removed to minimize the risk of infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADU-214","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-64041757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LADD Listeria monocytogenes JNJ-64041757","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEMLIMOGENE MEROLISBAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pemlimogene Merolisbac","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pemlimogene Merolisbac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503062"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S2EGO8116S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778079"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778079"}]}}{"C1187":{"preferredName":"Penberol","code":"C1187","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of bromoacrylic acid with cytostatic activity. Although the mechanism of action is unclear, penberol might inhibit tumor growth mediated through inhibition of the cell energetic metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PENBEROL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Penberol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Penberol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"cis-beta-4-pentoxy-benzoyl-beta-bromoacrylic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-beta-4-pentoxybenzoyl-beta-bromoacrylic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"172760"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070218"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"24740-92-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5KAI8N485T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39551"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39551"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Penberol"}]}}{"C1188":{"preferredName":"Penclomedine","code":"C1188","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of pyrimidine with antineoplastic activity. Penclomedine alkylates and crosslinks DNA, resulting in DNA strand breaks and inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent is more active against tumor cells that are defective in p53 function. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,5-dichloro-2,4-dimethoxy-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRC 88-04","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PENCLOMEDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Penclomedine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Penclomedine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Pyridine, 3,5-dichloro-2,4-dimethoxy-6-(trichloromethyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"penclomedine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"338720"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070220"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"108030-77-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"66Q80IL7CW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41973"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41973"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H6Cl5NO2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Penclomedine"}]}}{"C729":{"preferredName":"Penicillamine","code":"C729","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that removes copper from the body and is used to treat diseases in which there is an excess of this metal. It is also being studied as a possible angiogenesis inhibitor in brain tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A beta dimethyl analog of the amino acid cysteine. As a degradation product of penicillin antibiotics, penicillamine chelates with heavy metals and increases their urinary excretion. Possessing antineoplastic properties, penicillamine induces apoptosis by a p53-mediated mechanism and inhibits angiogenesis by chelating with copper, a cofactor for angiogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":".beta.,.beta.-Dimethylcysteine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"3-Mercapto-D-valine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-amino-beta-methyl-beta-mercaptobutyric Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atamir","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta,Beta-dimethylcysteine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beta-thiovaline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cuprenil","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cuprenil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cuprimine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cuprimine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cupripen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Mercaptovaline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Penicillamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Distamine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Distamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Kelatin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Metalcaptase","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metalcaptase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PENICILLAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pendramine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Penicillamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perdolat","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perdolat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sufortan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trolovol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trolovol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"penicillamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"81549"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030817"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52-67-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Wilsons disease; heavy metal intoxication; cystinuria; rheumatoid arthritis; primary biliary cirrhosis; Feltys syndrome; rheumatoid vasculitis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GNN1DV99GX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42546"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42546"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H11NO2S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Penicillamine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:7959"}]}}{"C1189":{"preferredName":"Pentamethylmelamine","code":"C1189","definitions":[{"description":"A principal metabolite of hexamethylmelamine with antineoplastic activity. Pentamethylmelamine alkylates DNA and other macromolecules and forms DNA intrastrand and DNA-protein crosslinks, thereby preventing DNA replication. 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Petamustine was never marketed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-neopentyl-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neptamustine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PENTAMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pentamustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salisburystin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1882315"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"73105-03-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VB67O9FBGM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H16ClN3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pentamustine"}]}}{"C732":{"preferredName":"Pentostatin","code":"C732","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug that is used to treat hairy cell leukemia and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Pentostatin blocks a protein needed for cell growth and may kill cancer cells. It is made by a bacterium. It is a type of adenosine deaminase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A purine nucleotide analogue antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces antibioticus. Also known as 2'-deoxycoformycin, pentostatin binds to and inhibits adenine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme essential to purine metabolism; ADA activity is greatest in cells of the lymphoid system with T-cells having higher activity than B-cells and T-cell malignancies higher ADA activity than B-cell malignancies. Pentostatin inhibition of ADA appears to result in elevated intracellular levels of dATP which may block DNA synthesis through the inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase. This agent may also inhibit RNA synthesis and may selectively deplete CD26+ lymphocytes. 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Pentoxifylline inhibits phosphodiesterase, resulting in increased levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in erythrocytes, endothelium, and the surrounding tissues. This leads to vasodilation, improves erythrocyte flexibility, and enhances blood flow. In addition, the increased level of cAMP in platelets inhibits platelet aggregation, which may contribute to a reduction in blood viscosity. This agent also inhibits production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma, while it induces Th2-like (T-helper 2) cytokine production, thereby inhibiting Th1-mediated (T-helper 1) inflammatory and autoimmune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,7-Dihydro-3,7-dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)-1H-purine-2,6-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxpentifylline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PENTOXIFYLLINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PTX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentoxifylline","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pentoxifylline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Pentoxifylline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentoxyphylline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trental","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pentoxifylline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"637086"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030899"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6493-05-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SD6QCT3TSU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41432"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41432"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H18N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pentoxifylline"}]}}{"C148635":{"preferredName":"PEOX-based Polymer Encapsulated Paclitaxel FID-007","code":"C148635","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle-based formulation composed of the poorly water-soluble paclitaxel encapsulated within branched polymers composed of polyethyloxazoline (PEOX), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon injection of the PEOX-based polymer encapsulated paclitaxel FID-007, the nanoparticles accumulate at the tumor site, due to the unique characteristics of the tumor vasculature, while avoiding normal, healthy tissue. Once the paclitaxel is released, it binds to tubulin inside tumor cells and inhibits the disassembly-assembly dynamics of microtubules, resulting in cell cycle arrest and cell death. Compared to the administration of paclitaxel alone, this formulation increases paclitaxel's solubility and enhances its tumor tissue penetration and efficacy, while avoiding systemic exposure, which minimizes its toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FID 007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FID-007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FID007","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoencapsulated Paclitaxel FID-007","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEOX-based Polymer Encapsulated Paclitaxel FID-007","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PEOX-based Polymer Encapsulated Paclitaxel FID-007","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paclitaxel in Polyethyloxazoline Polymer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551158"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796978"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796978"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cationic_Liposome-Encapsulated_Paclitaxel"}]}}{"C74070":{"preferredName":"PEP-3-KLH Conjugate Vaccine","code":"C74070","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of PEP-3, a synthetic peptide encompassing a tumor-specific mutated segment of the epidermal growth factor receptor type vIII (EGFRvIII), conjugated to the naturally-occurring immunoadjuvant keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, PEP-3-KLH conjugate vaccine may induce a cytotoxic immune response against tumor cells that overexpress EGFRvIII; this antitumoral immune response may involve antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEP-3-KLH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP-3-KLH Conjugate Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PEP-3-KLH Conjugate Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541477"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391254"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"391254"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PEP-3-KLH_Conjugate_Vaccine"}]}}{"C96222":{"preferredName":"Pepinemab","code":"C96222","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody against the semaphorin 4D (SEMA4D; CD100) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pepinemab binds to and neutralizes SEMA4D, thereby preventing binding of SEMA4D to its receptor plexin-B1 (PLXNB1). By blocking the interaction of SEMA4D and PLXNB1, pepinemab may cause an inhibition of endothelial cell activation and migration, eventually leading to an inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Semaphorin 4D, a large cell surface antigen found on the resting T-cell and overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, plays an important role in vascular growth, tumor progression, invasion and immune cell regulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEPINEMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pepinemab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pepinemab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX15/2503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"moAb VX15/2503","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429006"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BPZ4A29SYE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697328"}]}}{"C1399":{"preferredName":"Peplomycin","code":"C1399","definitions":[{"description":"A semisynthetic analog of Bleomycin, a mixture of several basic glycopeptide antineoplastic antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces verticillus. Peplomycin forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals that cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA. This agent appears to show greater antitumor activity than bleomycin; its use is limited due to pulmonary toxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-n1-[3-[(1-phenylethyl)amino]propyl]bleomycinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEPLEOMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PEPLOMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pepleomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peplomycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"n1-[3[[(S)-alpha-methylbenzyl]amino]propyl]bleomycinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"276382"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0135981"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"68247-85-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"56H9L80NIZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39552"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39552"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C61H88N18O21S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peplomycin"}]}}{"C1400":{"preferredName":"Peplomycin Sulfate","code":"C1400","definitions":[{"description":"The sulfate salt of the bleomycin analogue peplomycin. Peplomycin forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals that cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA. This agent appears to show greater antitumor activity than bleomycin; its use is limited due to pulmonary toxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N1-(3-(((S)-(alpha-methylbenzyl))amino)propyl)bleomycinamide Sulfate (1:1) (Salt)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK-631","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEPLOMYCIN SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pepleo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peplomycin Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0917878"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"73228-94-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6A668951HW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C61H88N18O21S2.H2O4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peplomycin_Sulfate"}]}}{"C734":{"preferredName":"Peptichemio","code":"C734","definitions":[{"description":"A mixture of six synthetic oligopeptides in which the peptides are conjugated to metamelphalan, with alkylating and potential antineoplastic activity. Peptichemio causes crosslinking of DNA, thereby preventing DNA replication and eventually cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multialchilpeptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peptichemio","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"peptide bound m-L-sarcolysin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030927"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9076-25-9"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39541"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39541"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peptichemio"}]}}{"C2466":{"preferredName":"Peptide 946 Melanoma Vaccine","code":"C2466","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma peptide vaccine with potential antineoplastic activity. Peptide 946 melanoma vaccine contains one of the peptide sequences for a melanoma-specific epitope that is recognized by melanoma-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). This vaccine contains a peptide sequence homologous to the native epitope and is often formulated with an adjuvant such as QS-21 or Montanide ISA-51 to boost its immune stimulation. Vaccination with peptide 946 vaccine may produce antibodies as well as elicit a cytotoxic T- lymphocyte (CTL) response against cells expressing this antigen, resulting in decreased tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peptide 946 Melanoma Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677986"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42974"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42974"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peptide_946_Melanoma_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2467":{"preferredName":"Peptide 946-Tetanus Peptide Conjugate Melanoma Vaccine","code":"C2467","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma peptide vaccine complexed with tetanus toxoid with potential antineoplastic activity. Peptide 946 contains a melanoma-specific epitope recognized by melanoma-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). In addition to the peptide 946 sequence, this vaccine contains tetanus toxin, a protein known to stimulate the induction of CD4+ T lymphocytes; it thereby enhances antigen processing and presentation. Vaccination with the peptide 946-tetanus conjugate melanoma vaccine may produce antibodies as well as elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response in tumor cells expressing the 946 epitope, thereby decreasing tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peptide 946-Tetanus Peptide Conjugate Melanoma Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677987"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42975"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42975"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peptide_946-Tetanus_Peptide_Conjugate_Melanoma_Vaccine"}]}}{"C87202":{"preferredName":"Peretinoin","code":"C87202","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, acyclic retinoid with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Peretinoin binds to and activates nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RAR), which in turn recruit coactivator proteins and promote, with other transcriptional complexes, the transcription of target genes. As a result, this agent may modulate the expression of genes involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis of both normal and tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-Tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,10,14-Pentaenoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIK-333","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PERETINOIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Peretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1453741"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"81485-25-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"11ALM7A4RV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737371"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737371"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H30O2"}]}}{"C116804":{"preferredName":"Perflenapent Emulsion","code":"C116804","definitions":[{"description":"An oil-in-water nano-emulsion composed of the perfluorocarbon perflenapent, that has oxygen-carrying capacity, can be used as a contrast agent and has potential antihypoxic and radiosensitizing activities. Upon intravenous administration of the perflenapent emulsion, this agent increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood, enhances the transport of oxygen to hypoxic and ischemic tissues and increases the oxygen concentration in these tissues. Hypoxic tumors are correlated with increased resistance to radiation treatment; therefore, since perflenapent may increase tumor oxygenation, it may improve the tumor's sensitivity to radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DDFP LIquid Emulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dodecafluoropentane Emulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVX-108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perflenapent Emulsion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473943"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763081"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763081"}]}}{"C1423":{"preferredName":"Perfosfamide","code":"C1423","definitions":[{"description":"The active metabolite of the nitrogen mustard cyclophosphamide with potent antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. Perfosfamide alkylates DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-4-hydroperoxytetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorine 2-oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-HC","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"4-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-Pergamid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PERFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Perfosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pergamid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]tetrahydro-3H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-4-yl hydroperoxide P-oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"181815"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0163054"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"39800-16-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Ex-vivo treatment of autologous bone marrow and subsequent reinfusion in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U880A4FUDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40474"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40474"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H15Cl2N2O4P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Perfosfamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:196991"}]}}{"C1727":{"preferredName":"Perifosine","code":"C1727","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylphospholipids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active alkyl-phosphocholine compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Targeting cellular membranes, perifosine modulates membrane permeability, membrane lipid composition, phospholipid metabolism, and mitogenic signal transduction, resulting in cell differentiation and inhibition of cell growth. This agent also inhibits the anti-apoptotic mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and modulates the balance between the MAPK and pro-apoptotic stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK/JNK) pathways, thereby inducing apoptosis. Perifosine has a lower gastrointestinal toxicity profile than the related agent miltefosine. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[[Hydroxy(octadecyloxy)phosphinyl]oxy]-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium, Inner Salt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"4-[[Hydroxy(octadecyloxy)phosphinyl]oxy]-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium, Inner Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D21266","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Octadecyl-(N,N-dimethylpiperidino-4-yl)phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Octadecylphosphopiperidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PERIFOSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Perifosine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Perifosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perifosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"perifosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"639966"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0754570"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"157716-52-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2GWV496552"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43408"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43408"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H52NO4P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Perifosine"}]}}{"C1461":{"preferredName":"Perillyl Alcohol","code":"C1461","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the prevention of cancer. It belongs to the family of plant drugs called monoterpenes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A terpene with two isoprene units forming a ring and with a hydroxyl group attached to the head methyl group. The chemical structure is CC(=C)C1CCC(=CC1)CO.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A naturally occurring monoterpene related to limonene with antineoplastic activity. Perillyl alcohol inhibits farnesyl transferase and geranylgeranyl transferase, thereby preventing post-translational protein farnesylation and isoprenylation and activation of oncoproteins such as p21-ras, and arresting tumor cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-(-)-Perillyl Alcohol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(S)-(-)-Perillyl alcohol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"(S)-4-Isopropenyl-1-cyclohexenylmethanol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"1-Cyclohexene-1-methanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-(1-Methylethenyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-(1-Methylethenyl)-1-cyclohexene-1-methanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Isopropenylcyclohex-1-ene-1-methanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydrocuminyl Alcohol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEO100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PERILLYL ALCOHOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"POH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perilla Alcohol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perilla alcohol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Perillic Alcohol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perillic alcohol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Perillol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Perillol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perillyl Alcohol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Perillyl Alcohol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Perillyl Alcohol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Perillyl Alcohol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[(4S)-4-prop-1-en-2-yl-1-cyclohexenyl]methanol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"p-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-ol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"perillyl alcohol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"641066"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0207661"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"536-59-4"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"18457-55-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"319R5C7293"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42334"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42334"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H16O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Perillyl_Alcohol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15420"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:10782"}]}}{"C159601":{"preferredName":"Personalized ALL-specific Multi-HLA-binding Peptide Vaccine","code":"C159601","definitions":[{"description":"An individualized peptide-based cancer vaccine comprised of three to five human leukocyte antigen (HLA) binding tumor-specific peptides obtained from the autologous mutated proteins from the tumor cells of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal administration of the personalized multi-HLA-binding peptide vaccine, the peptides may induce a tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the peptides that are expressed by the tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Individualized Multi-HLA-binding Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized ALL-specific Multi-HLA-binding Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Multi-HLA-binding Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951600"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797494"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797494"}]}}{"C140162":{"preferredName":"Personalized Cancer Vaccine RO7198457","code":"C140162","definitions":[{"description":"An mRNA-based individualized, therapeutic cancer vaccine targeting an unspecified amount of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are specifically expressed in the patient's cancer, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the personalized cancer vaccine RO7198457 is taken up and translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs) and the expressed protein is presented via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of the APCs. This leads to an induction of both cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)- and memory T-cell-dependent immune responses against cancer cells expressing the TAA(s).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PCV RO7198457","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Cancer Vaccine RO7198457","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Personalized Cancer Vaccine RO7198457","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7198457","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538249"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C162633":{"preferredName":"Personalized Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine iNeo-Vac-P01","code":"C162633","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific mutated long peptides, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient's tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination with the personalized neoantigen peptide vaccine iNeo-Vac-P01, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Personalized Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine iNeo-Vac-P01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iNeo-Vac-P01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971029"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798703"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798703"}]}}{"C158749":{"preferredName":"Personalized Neoepitope Yeast Vaccine YE-NEO-001","code":"C158749","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of a heat-killed yeast that has been genetically modified to express patient-specific neoantigen epitopes. Upon vaccination, neoepitope yeast vaccine YE-NEO-001 may elicit a targeted CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response against tumor cells expressing these specific epitopes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Personalized Neoepitope Yeast Vaccine YE-NEO-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YE-NEO-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL950715"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797413"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797413"}]}}{"C129935":{"preferredName":"Personalized Peptide Cancer Vaccine NEO-PV-01","code":"C129935","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic peptide-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific mutated peptide epitopes, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient's tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the neoantigen-based anti-cancer vaccine NEO-PV-01 stimulates the host immune system to mount a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NEO PV 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEO-PV 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEO-PV-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Anticancer Vaccine NEO-PV-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-based Peptide Vaccine NEO-PV-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Peptide Cancer Vaccine NEO-PV-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Personalized Peptide Cancer Vaccine NEO-PV-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512888"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C38692":{"preferredName":"Pertuzumab","code":"C38692","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are produced in the laboratory and can locate and bind to cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized recombinant monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular dimerization domain of the HER-2 tyrosine kinase receptor. Binding of the antibody to the dimerization domain of the HER-2 tyrosine kinase receptor protein directly inhibits the ability of the HER-2 tyrosine kinase receptor protein (the most common pairing partner) to dimerize with other HER tyrosine kinase receptor proteins; inhibiting receptor protein dimerization prevents the activation of HER signaling pathways, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2C4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2C4 Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human V (Receptor)) (Human-Mouse Monoclonal 2C4 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mouse Monoclonal 2C4 Kappa-Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 2C4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody 2C4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Omnitarg","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PERTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Perjeta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pertuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pertuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO4368451","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pertuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rhuMAb2C4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"740102"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328025"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"380610-27-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K16AIQ8CTM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"322808"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"322808"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pertuzumab"}]}}{"C77906":{"preferredName":"Pevonedistat","code":"C77906","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of Nedd8 activating enzyme (NAE) with potential antineoplastic activity. Pevonedistat binds to and inhibits NAE, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and survival. NAE activates Nedd8 (Neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 8), an ubiquitin-like (UBL) protein that modifies cellular targets in a pathway that is parallel to but distinct from the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP). Functioning in diverse regulatory activities, proteins conjugated to UBLs like Nedd8 typically are not targeted for proteasomal degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"((1S,2S,4R)-4-(4-((1S)-2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino)-7H-pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin-7-yl)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl)methyl Sulphamate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN4924","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nedd8-Activating Enzyme Inhibitor MLN4924","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEVONEDISTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pevonedistat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pevonedistat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703093"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"905579-51-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S3AZD8D215"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596795"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596795"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"NAE_Inhibitor_MLN4924"}]}}{"C71533":{"preferredName":"Pexastimogene Devacirepvec","code":"C71533","definitions":[{"description":"An oncolytic thymidine kinase (TK)-deleted vaccinia poxvirus expressing human GM-CSF (hGM-CSF) with antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral or intravenous administration, pexastimogene devacirepvec selectively infects and lyses tumor cells. While vaccinia displays a natural tumor cell tropism, deletion of the TK gene increases the tumor selectivity of vaccinia by limiting viral replication to cells expressing high levels of TK, such as certain cancer cells. hGM-CSF expression by this agent helps recruit antigen presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, to virally infected tumor cells, thereby initiating an antitumoral immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JX 594","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JX-594","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JX594","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEXASTIMOGENE DEVACIREPVEC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pexa-vec","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pexastimogene Devacirepvec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pexastimogene Devacirepvec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-6006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymidine Kinase (-) Vaccinia-GM-CSF JX-594 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymidine Kinase-deleted Vaccinia-hGM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAC GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL378156"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1058624-46-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K82DG47I0G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579292"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"579292"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thymidine_Kinase-Deleted_Vaccinia-GM-CSF_JX-594_Vaccine"}]}}{"C88303":{"preferredName":"Pexidartinib","code":"C88303","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor of proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (KIT), colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pexidartinib targets, binds to and inhibits phosphorylation of KIT, CSF1R and FLT3 harboring an internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation. This results in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. FLT3, CSF1R and FLT3 are overexpressed or mutated in many cancer cell types and play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Pyridinemethanamine, N-(5-((5-chloro-1H-pyrrolo(2,3-b)pyridin-3-yl)methyl)-2-pyridinyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CML-261","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEXIDARTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PLX3397","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pexidartinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pexidartinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981820"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1029044-16-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6783M2LV5X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C85481":{"preferredName":"Pexmetinib","code":"C85481","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of p38 and Tie2 kinases with potential antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic activities. Pexmetinib binds to and inhibits the activities of p38 and Tie2 kinases, which may inhibit the production of proinflammatory cytokines and may decrease tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell growth and survival. p38 is a MAP kinase that is often upregulated in cancer cells, playing a crucial part in the production of a variety of cytokines involved in inflammation and cellular proliferation such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-1 and -6. Tie2 is an endothelial cell specific receptor that is activated by angiopoietins, growth factors required for angiogenesis. This agent has also been reported to inhibit other kinases including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR2) and Src tyrosine kinases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARRY-614","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-tert-Butyl-1-p-tolyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-N'-(5-fluoro-2-(1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-indazol-5-yloxy)benzyl)urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEXMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pexmetinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pexmetinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830143"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"945614-12-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3750D0U8B5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647828"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647828"}]}}{"C78463":{"preferredName":"PGG Beta-Glucan","code":"C78463","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable formulation of the polysaccharide beta 1,3/1,6 glucan derived from the cell wall of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. PGG beta-glucan binds to an alternate site on the neutrophil complement receptor 3 (CR3), priming the neurophil to become cytotoxic when binding to complement on tumor cells via CR3. This agent has been reported to selectively activate immune cells without inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, potentially reducing potential side effects observed with the induction of broad innate immune repsonses. In addition, PGG beta-glucan may induce hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) mobilization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Imprime PGG","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PGG Beta-Glucan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PGG Beta-Glucan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly-(1-6)-beta-glucotriosyl-(1-3)-beta-glucopyranose Beta-glucan","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387566"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599816"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PGG_Beta-Glucan"}]}}{"C71692":{"preferredName":"PGLA/PEG Copolymer-Based Paclitaxel","code":"C71692","definitions":[{"description":"A controlled-release, intratumoral paclitaxel formulation in which paclitaxel is incorporated into a thermosensitive, biodegradable triblock copolymer consisting of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Upon intratumoral injection, paclitaxel is released slowly and continuously into tumor tissues from the gelled thermosensitive triblock copolymer over a period of 4 to 6 weeks; in tumor cells, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly-assembly dynamics of microtubules, resulting in cell cycle arrest and cell death. The thermosensitive triblock copolymer component of this formulation transforms from a water-soluble polymer at room temperature to a water-insoluble, biodegradable gel depot at body temperature; intratumoral controlled-release of paclitaxel from the gel minimizes systemic exposure to paclitaxel and the paclitaxel toxicity profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OncoGel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PGLA/PEG Copolymer-Based Paclitaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PGLA/PEG Copolymer-Based Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376115"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"555445"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"555445"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PGLA_PEG_Copolymer-Based_Paclitaxel"}]}}{"C113790":{"preferredName":"PH20 Hyaluronidase-expressing Adenovirus VCN-01","code":"C113790","definitions":[{"description":"An oncolytic, replication-competent adenovirus encoding the human glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored enzyme PH20 hyaluronidase with potential antitumor activity. After intratumoral administration, PH20 hyaluronidase-expressing adenovirus VCN-01 selectively replicates in tumor cells, which may both cause oncolytic virus-induced cell death and induce the infection of adjacent tumor cells. In addition, the virus expresses hyaluronidase, which hydrolyzes and degrades the hyaluronic acid (HA) that coats tumor cells. The degradation of HA may result in a decrease for both the viscosity of the interstitial space and the tumor's interstitial fluid pressure (IFP). This increases viral spread and may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth. In addition, HA degradation facilitates the penetration of chemotherapeutic agents into the tumor. HA is a glycosaminoglycan found in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and is frequently overproduced by various tumor cell types. The presence of HA in tumors correlates with increases in tumor cell growth, metastatic potential, tumor progression and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genetically Modified Adenovirus-encoding Human PH20 Hyaluronidase VCN-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PH20 Hyaluronidase-expressing Adenovirus VCN-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VCN-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471771"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757334"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757334"}]}}{"C91739":{"preferredName":"Phaleria macrocarpa Extract DLBS-1425","code":"C91739","definitions":[{"description":"An extract of the flesh from the fruit of Phaleria macrocarpa, an Indonesian herbal medicine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the active ingredients and exact components are unclear, gallic acid and its derivatives in DLBS-1425 appear to inhibit the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway by reducing PI3K transcription followed by a reduction in AKT phosphorylation. This extract also appears to induce apoptosis through induction of pro-apoptotic genes such as BAX, BAD and PUMA and inhibition of the apoptosis suppressor Bcl-2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DLBS-1425","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phaleria macrocarpa Extract DLBS-1425","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984527"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659153"}]}}{"C156461":{"preferredName":"Pharmacological Ascorbate","code":"C156461","definitions":[{"description":"A high dose (HD) of ascorbic acid, a pro-oxidant agent, with potential antineoplastic and radio-chemo-sensitizing activities. Upon intravenous (IV) administration, pharmacological ascorbate is able to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) by donating an electron to oxygen (O2) and forming hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), thereby causing oxidative stress and overwhelming the cell's anti-oxidant defense mechanisms. This induces DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) and cell death. Tumor cells are highly susceptible to ascorbate-mediated oxidative stress and cytotoxicity while normal, healthy cells are mostly unaffected. This induces the cell death of susceptible tumor cells and decreases tumor cell growth. Higher plasma ascorbate concentrations are achieved upon higher intravenous doses of ascorbate; oral administration of ascorbate is limited and uptake does not increase after a certain amount is administered. Only IV ascorbate produces plasma concentrations high enough to induce ascorbate-mediated cytotoxicity to susceptible tumor cells. In addition, HD parenteral ascorbate enhances radio- and chemo-sensitivity of susceptible cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ascorbate Injection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ascorbic Acid Injection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HD Ascorbate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HD P-AscH-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HD Vitamin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Dose Ascorbic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Dose Parenteral Ascorbate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Dose Vitamin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-dose Ascorbate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-dose Ascorbic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IV Ascorbate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intravenous Ascorbate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intravenous High Dose Ascorbate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharmacological Ascorbate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pharmacological Ascorbate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563189"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795829"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795829"}]}}{"C103230":{"preferredName":"Phellodendron amurense Bark Extract","code":"C103230","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary formulation consisting of a Phellodendron amurense (Amur cork tree) bark extract, often used in traditional Chinese medicine, with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Phellodendron amurense bark extract contains certain isoquinoline alkaloids, flavone glycosides and phenolic compounds. Upon administration of Phellodendron amurense bark extract, the various phytochemicals in this formulation modulate multiple signal transduction pathways. This agent appears to block the activation of the transcription factor cAMP response binding protein (CREB) and inhibits Akt signaling, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth and inducing apoptosis in Akt- and CREB-overexpressing cancer cells. In addition, this agent inhibits cyclooxygenase type 2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa b (NF-kB) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a)-mediated signaling; COX-2, NF-kB and TNF-a are upregulated in certain types of cancer and during inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nexrutine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phellodendron amurense Bark Extract","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Phellodendron amurense Bark Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3256251"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741824"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"741824"}]}}{"C1190":{"preferredName":"Phenesterin","code":"C1190","definitions":[{"description":"A steroidal nitrogen mustard with antineoplastic and mutagenic activities. After attachment to cell-surface steroid receptors and uptake, phenesterin enters the nucleus where it alkylates macromolecules, resulting in decreased cell proliferation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3-beta)-cholest-5-en-3-ol 4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)benzeneacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)acetic acid cholesteryl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(p-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl) acetate cholesterol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(p-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)acetic acid cholesteryl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Cholesten-3-beta-ol 3-(p-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholest-5-en-3-ol, (3.beta.)-, 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]benzeneacetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cholest-5-en-3beta-ol 4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)benzeneacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholesteryl p-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenylacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fenesterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fenesterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fenestrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fenestrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCI-C01558","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCI-C01558","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PHENESTERINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Phenesterin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenesterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Phenesterine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Phenesterine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino phenylacetate cholesterol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"104469"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070556"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3546-10-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"34021JC2Z6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Phenesterin"}]}}{"C2233":{"preferredName":"Phenethyl Isothiocyanate","code":"C2233","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the prevention of cancer. It is a naturally occurring compound found in some cruciferous vegetables.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables with chemopreventive and potential antitumor activities. Although the mechanism of action is unclear, phenethyl Isothiocyanate (PEITC) was shown to induce apoptosis in tumor cells, possibly mediated through its metabolic intermediates, reactive oxygen species (ROS). PEITC also is able to activate ERK and JNK signal transduction, which in turn induces expression of stress-responsive genes. Specifically, this agent has been shown to reactivate gene expression of a detoxification enzyme, glutathione S-transferase that is silenced in prostate carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2-Isothiocyanatoethyl)benzene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Phenylethyl Isothiocyanate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEITC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEITC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PHENETHYL ISOTHIOCYANATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Phenethyl Isothiocyanate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Phenethyl Isothiocyanate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Phenethyl Isothiocyanate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenethyl isothiocyanate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"phenethyl isothiocyanate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"16921492"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"87868"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070558"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2257-09-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6U7TFK75KV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37977"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37977"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H9NS"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Phenethyl_Isothiocyanate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:351346"}]}}{"C105392":{"preferredName":"Phenethyl Isothiocyanate-containing Watercress Juice","code":"C105392","definitions":[{"description":"A juice extracted from watercress containing high amounts of phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), with potential chemopreventive and antitumor activities. Although the mechanism(s) of action through which PEITC exerts its effect(s) has yet to be fully elucidated, PEITC is able to induce apoptosis in tumor cells through the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, PEITC is able to modulate extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathways, activating the expression of stress-responsive genes and eventually inducing apoptosis. PEITC also inhibits the expression of genes involved in tumor progression such as HIF, STAT-3, HER2, BCL-XL, and XIAP and induces the expression of genes involved in tumor suppression such as p53, ATF-2, and p57. Furthermore, this agent has been shown to reactivate the gene expression of certain detoxification enzymes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEITC-containing Watercress Juice","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenethyl Isothiocyanate-containing Watercress Juice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446318"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746772"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746772"}]}}{"C1501":{"preferredName":"Phenyl Acetate","code":"C1501","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aromatic fatty acid metabolite of phenylalanine with potential antineoplastic activity. Naturally occurring in mammals, phenylacetate induces differentiation, growth inhibition, and apoptosis in tumor cells. Implicated mechanisms of action include decreased protein prenylation, activation of the peroxisome proliferation-activated receptors, inhibition of DNA methylation, and depletion of glutamine. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acetic Acid Phenyl Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetylphenol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Acetylphenol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHENYL ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Phenyl Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenyl Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenyl acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"phenylacetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"27795"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0220893"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"122-79-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Adjunctive therapy for the prevention and treatment of hyperammonemia in the chronic management of patients with urea cycle enzymopathy"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"355G9R500Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41664"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41664"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H8O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Phenyl_Acetate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8082"}]}}{"C48011":{"preferredName":"Phenytoin Sodium","code":"C48011","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat or prevent seizures or convulsions that may be caused by epilepsy, brain surgery, or treatment for brain cancer. It is a type of anticonvulsant agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt form of phenytoin, a hydantoin derivate and non-sedative antiepileptic agent with anticonvulsant activity. Phenytoin sodium promotes sodium efflux from neurons located in the motor cortex, thereby stabilizing the neuron and inhibiting synaptic transmission. This leads to a reduction in posttetanic potentiation at synapses, an inhibition of repetitive firing of action potentials and ultimately inhibits the spread of seizure activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,5-Diphenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione, Monosodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dilantin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dilantin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Dilantin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PHENYTOIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Phenytoin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"phenytoin sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"8722"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0237417"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"630-93-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4182431BJH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H11N2O2.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Phenytoin_Sodium"}]}}{"C121375":{"preferredName":"Imifoplatin","code":"C121375","definitions":[{"description":"A platinum (Pt)-based agent belonging to the phosphaplatin family comprised of Pt complexed to a pyrophosphate ligand, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanisms through which imifoplatin exerts its effect have yet to be fully elucidated, this agent, upon intravenous administration, binds to certain transmembrane proteins and activates several genes involved in tumor suppression and apoptosis. This leads to the activation of various signal transduction pathways, induces S/G2 phase cell cycle, and causes tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, imifoplatin may inhibit angiogenesis. Unlike conventional Pt-based chemotherapeutics, imifoplatin does not bind to DNA and is able to overcome drug resistance, which occurs with conventional Pt-based chemotherapeutics; it also has a more favorable side effect profile and is more stable in plasma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cyclohexanediamine Pyrophosphatoplatinum(II), (1R,2R)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMIFOPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Imifoplatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Imifoplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT 112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT-112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphaplatin PT-112","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474103"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1339960-28-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F5I3T42BXC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795706"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795706"}]}}{"C71883":{"preferredName":"Phosphatidylcholine-Bound Silybin","code":"C71883","definitions":[{"description":"An oral preparation of the flavonoid silybin with potential antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Silybin, also known as silibinin, is a mixture of two stereoisomers, denoted silybin A and silybin B, and is the major active constituent of silymarin, a mixture of flavonolignans extracted from blessed milk thistle (Silybum marianum). Silybin modulates P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated cellular efflux; has oxygen radical-scavenging effects; inhibits the arachidonic acid pathway; and inhibits various cytochrome P450 enzymes. This agent may also exhibit anti-angiogenic activity, possibly by inducing endothelial cell apoptosis via modulation of the transcription factor NF-kB, the Bcl-2 family of proteins, and caspases. Complexing silybin with phosphatidylcholine increases its bioavailability.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Phosphatidylcholine-Bound Silybin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Phosphatidylcholine-Bound Silybin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Silybin-Phytosome","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1873062"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558906"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558906"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Phosphatidylcholine-Bound_Silybin"}]}}{"C84879":{"preferredName":"Phospholipid Ether-drug Conjugate CLR 131","code":"C84879","definitions":[{"description":"A radiopharmaceutical composed of a mixture of proprietary phospholipid ethers (CLR 1404) that are covalently linked to the cytotoxic radioisotope iodine I 131 (iodine-131), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of CLR 131, the phospholipid ether (PLE) moiety is selectively taken up by lipid raft microdomains expressed on tumor cells and accumulates in the cytoplasm of tumor cells;. CLR 131 is not taken up by normal, healthy cells. This delivers cytotoxic iodine I 131 directly to and induces cell death in tumor cells. PLEs allows for targeted delivery of the radioisotope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CLR 131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLR 1404 I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I-131 PLE Analogue CLR1404","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I-131-CLR1404","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDC CLR 131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phospholipid Ether-drug Conjugate CLR 131","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Phospholipid Ether-drug Conjugate CLR 131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[131I]-CLR1404","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4045705"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649140"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649140"}]}}{"C29322":{"preferredName":"Phosphoramide Mustard","code":"C29322","definitions":[{"description":"One of a number of chemically-related alkylating agents with antineoplastic properties. The prototype of this group of agents is cyclophosphamide. Most phosphoramide mustards are administered as prodrugs that undergo reductive activation in hypoxic environments to yield cytotoxic metabolites. These agents alkylate and crosslink DNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication. Phosphoramide mustards are also immunosuppressants, mutagens and teratogens. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Phosphoramide Mustard","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0070913"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Phosphoramide_Mustard"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8163"}]}}{"C62518":{"preferredName":"Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligomer AVI-4126","code":"C62518","definitions":[{"description":"A c-Myc antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO) with potential antineoplastic activity. Phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer AVI-4126 binds to c-Myc mRNA and blocks its translation, which may result in the death of tumor cells overexpressing c-Myc. Differing from traditional antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), neutrally charged PMOs are composed of subunits of nucleic acid bases linked to a synthetic backbone and, so, are less prone to enzymatic degradation. c-Myc, a proto-oncogene overexpressed in a variety of cancers, is involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVI-4126","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncomyc-NG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PMO AVI-4126","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligomer AVI-4126","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1450425"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496940"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496940"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AVI-4126"}]}}{"C1698":{"preferredName":"Phosphorus P-32","code":"C1698","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive form of phosphorus used in the treatment of cancer. It is also used to help locate areas of DNA damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioactive isotope of phosphorus with beta particle-emitting radiocytotoxic activity. Emitted by phosphorus P32, beta particles directly damage cellular DNA and, by ionizing intracellular water to produce several types of cytotoxic free radicals and superoxides, indirectly damage intracellular biological macromolecules, resulting in tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"P-32","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"P32","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHOSPHORUS P-32","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Phosphorus P 32","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphorus P-32","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"phosphorus-32","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0851287"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"690284A407"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39554"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39554"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Phosphorus-32"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:37972"}]}}{"C114382":{"preferredName":"Redaporfin","code":"C114382","definitions":[{"description":"A bacteriochlorin-based photosensitizer, with antineoplastic activity upon photodynamic therapy (PDT). Following intravenous administration, redaporfin preferentially accumulates in hyperproliferative tissues, such as tumors. Local application of laser light at the tumor site results in the absorption of light by this agent and a photodynamic reaction between LUZ 11 and oxygen. This results in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which includes singlet oxygen molecules, the superoxide ion, and other cytotoxic free radicals. The formation of ROS induces free radical-mediated DNA damage and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LUZ 11","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REDAPORFIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Redaporfin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471817"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1224104-08-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZP3QP1H44W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758537"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758537"}]}}{"C126802":{"preferredName":"Phytochlorin Sodium-Polyvinylpyrrolidone Complex","code":"C126802","definitions":[{"description":"A photosensitizer composed of the sodium salt form of chlorin e6 and its derivatives complexed with a low-molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymer component, with diagnostic and antineoplastic activities upon photodynamic therapy (PDT). Upon intravenous administration, the photosensitizer phytochlorin-PVP sodium complex preferentially accumulates in hyperproliferative tissues, such as tumors. Local application of light with a certain wavelength to the tumor site results in the absorption of light by this agent leading to its photoactivation. This results in a photodynamic reaction between phytochlorin and oxygen, which causes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including singlet oxygen molecules, the superoxide ion, and other cytotoxic free radicals. The formation of ROS induces free radical-mediated oxidative DNA damage followed by apoptosis of tumor cells. Chlorin e6-PVP is able to penetrate deeply into tissues and is therefore able to treat hard-to-reach tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLC-1013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorin E6-PVP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorin E6-polyvinylpyrrolidone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorin E6/PVP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fotolon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Photolon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phytochlorin Sodium-Polyvinylpyrrolidone Complex","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Phytochlorin Sodium-Polyvinylpyrrolidone Complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2351765"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780299"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780299"}]}}{"C103861":{"preferredName":"PI3K Alpha/Beta Inhibitor BAY1082439","code":"C103861","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) alpha and beta isoforms with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K alpha/beta inhibitor BAY1082439 selectively inhibits both PI3K alpha, including mutated forms of PIK3CA, and PI3K beta in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K-expressing and/or PTEN-driven tumor cells. By specifically targeting class I PI3K alpha and beta, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan PI3K inhibitors. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently found in solid tumors and results in increased tumor cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. PIK3CA, one of the most highly mutated oncogenes, encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K. PTEN, a tumor suppressor protein and negative regulator of PI3K activity, is often mutated in a variety of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY1082439","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Alpha/Beta Inhibitor BAY1082439","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438339"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743262"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"743262"}]}}{"C97915":{"preferredName":"PI3K Alpha/mTOR Inhibitor PWT33597 Mesylate","code":"C97915","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt form of PWT33597, an orally bioavailable dual inhibitor of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) alpha and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K alpha/mTOR dual inhibitor PWT33597 selectively inhibits both PI3K alpha kinase and mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K/mTOR-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PI3K Alpha/mTOR Inhibitor PWT33597 Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K Alpha/mTOR Inhibitor PWT33597 Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PWT33597 Mesylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430398"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"708121"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"708121"}]}}{"C118568":{"preferredName":"PI3K Inhibitor ACP-319","code":"C118568","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor ACP-319 inhibits PI3K, which prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT (protein kinase B)-mediated signaling pathway. This results in the inhibition of growth and survival of PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACP-319","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor ACP-319","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Wed Dec 30 17:17:41 EST 2020 - See 'PI3K-delta Inhibitor AMG 319(C95891)'"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C2152"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C129825"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474092"}]}}{"C74073":{"preferredName":"PI3K Inhibitor BGT226","code":"C74073","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor BGT226 specifically inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway, which may trigger the translocation of cytosolic Bax to the mitochondrial outer membrane, increasing mitochondrial membrane permeability; apoptotic cell death may ensue. Bax is a member of the proapoptotic Bcl2 family of proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BGT226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor BGT226","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor BGT226","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347426"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587478"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587478"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PI3K_Inhibitor_BGT226"}]}}{"C116877":{"preferredName":"Paxalisib","code":"C116877","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. paxalisib specifically inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway. This may result in the inhibition of both cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDC-0084","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC0084","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAXALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor GDC-0084","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paxalisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paxalisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446606"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1382979-44-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P5DKZ70636"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"728900"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"728900"}]}}{"C132166":{"preferredName":"Inavolisib","code":"C132166","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. inavolisib binds to and inhibits various members of the PI3K family, including activating mutations in the catalytic alpha isoform PIK3CA. PI3K inhibition prevents the activation of the PI3K-mediated signaling pathway and results in the inhibition of growth and survival of PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Dysregulation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents and radiotherapy. PIK3CA, which encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K, is frequently mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays a key role in cancer cell growth and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDC 0077","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0077","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC0077","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INAVOLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inavolisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inavolisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor GDC0077","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 6114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-6114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7113755","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521134"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2060571-02-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L4C1UY2NYH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787122"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787122"}]}}{"C78470":{"preferredName":"PI3K Inhibitor GSK1059615","code":"C78470","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor GSK1059615 inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase signaling pathway, which may trigger the translocation of cytosolic Bax to the mitochondrial outer membrane and an increase in mitochondrial membrane permeability, followed by apoptosis. Bax is a member of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family of proteins. PI3K, an enzyme often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK1059615","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor GSK1059615","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor GSK1059615","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387567"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600076"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600076"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PI3K_Inhibitor_GSK1059615"}]}}{"C107386":{"preferredName":"PI3K Inhibitor WX-037","code":"C107386","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor WX-037 specifically inhibits PI3K, which prevents the activation of the PI3K/protein kinase B-mediated signaling pathway. This may result in the inhibition of both tumor cell growth and survival in PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor WX-037","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX-037","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL449597"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750893"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750893"}]}}{"C95723":{"preferredName":"PI3K Inhibitor ZSTK474","code":"C95723","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, s-triazine derivative, ATP-competitive phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474 inhibits all four PI3K isoforms. Inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway results in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents. This agent does not induce apoptosis but rather induces strong G(0)/G(1) arrest, which might contribute to its favorable efficacy in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor ZSTK474","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor ZSTK474","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Inhibitor ZSTK474","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZSTK-474","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ZSTK474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1721602"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K0068GK39A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694436"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694436"}]}}{"C126271":{"preferredName":"PI3K p110beta/delta Inhibitor KA2237","code":"C126271","definitions":[{"description":"A dual selective inhibitor of the beta and delta isoforms of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K-beta/delta), with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K-beta/delta inhibitor KA2237 selectively inhibits the PI3K-beta and -delta isoforms and prevents their activation, which inhibits PI3K-beta/delta-mediated signal transduction pathways. This decreases proliferation and induces cell death in susceptible tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-beta and -delta are overexpressed primarily in solid and hematological tumor cells and play crucial roles in tumor cell survival, and immunoregulation. The targeted inhibition of these PI3Ks allows this agent to potentially be more efficacious and less toxic than pan PI3K inhibitors, which also affect normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KA 2237","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KA2237","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3 Kinase b/d Inhibitor KA2237","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K p110beta/delta Inhibitor KA2237","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K p110beta/delta Inhibitor KA2237","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504848"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779211"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779211"}]}}{"C158603":{"preferredName":"PI3K-alpha Inhibitor MEN1611","code":"C158603","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K alpha inhibitor MEN1611 selectively binds to and inhibits PIK3CA and its mutated forms in the PI3K/Akt (protein kinase B)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This results in both apoptosis and growth inhibition in PIK3CA-expressing tumor cells. By specifically targeting PIK3CA, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan-PI3K inhibitors. In addition, MEN1611 also targets mutated forms of PI3K gamma (PI3Kg). MEN1611 may stimulate the immune system to restore CD8+ T-cell activation and cytotoxicity. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is often found in solid tumors and results in the promotion of tumor cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemo- and radio-therapy. PIK3CA, one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes, encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K. In most solid tumors, the activation of the PI3K pathway is induced by mutations of PIK3CA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-(7-Methylsulfonyl-2-morpholin-4-yl-5,6-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-selective PI3K Inhibitor MEN1611","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CH 5132799","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CH-5132799","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CH-5132799","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CH5132799","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN 1611","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN-1611","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN1611","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PA 799","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PA-799","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PA799","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-alpha Inhibitor MEN1611","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K-alpha Inhibitor MEN1611","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3Kalpha Inhibitor MEN1611","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938076"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1007207-67-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JCL936W835"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797093"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797093"}]}}{"C106261":{"preferredName":"PI3K-beta Inhibitor GSK2636771","code":"C106261","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, substituted benzimidazole inhibitor of the class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) beta isoform with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K beta inhibitor GSK2636771 selectively inhibits PI3K beta kinase activity in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K beta-expressing and/or PTEN-driven tumor cells. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently found in solid tumors and results in the promotion of tumor cell growth, survival, and resistance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. PI3K beta is the p110-beta catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K. PTEN, a tumor suppressor protein and negative regulator of PI3K activity, is often mutated in a variety of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK2636771","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-beta Inhibitor GSK2636771","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K-beta Inhibitor GSK2636771","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433894"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715683"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715683"}]}}{"C116882":{"preferredName":"PI3K-beta Inhibitor SAR260301","code":"C116882","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) beta isoform with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K beta inhibitor SAR260301 selectively inhibits PI3K beta kinase activity in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K beta-expressing and/or phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-deficient tumor cells. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently found in solid tumors and contributes to increased tumor cell growth, tumor cell survival, and resistance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. PI3K beta is the p110-beta catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K. PTEN, a tumor suppressor protein and negative regulator of PI3K activity, is often mutated in a variety of cancer cells. By specifically targeting class I PI3K beta, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan-PI3K inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-2-(2-(2-Methylindolin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)-6-morpholinopyrimidin-4(3H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-beta Inhibitor SAR260301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K-beta Inhibitor SAR260301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 260301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-260301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR260301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3852556"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1260612-13-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739784"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739784"}]}}{"C95891":{"preferredName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor AMG 319","code":"C95891","definitions":[{"description":"A highly selective, potent, and orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the delta isoform of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class IA phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. PI3K-delta inhibitor AMG 319 prevents the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway through inhibition of the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), thus decreasing proliferation and inducing cell death. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in hematopoietic lineages. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACP-319","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG 319","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-319","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PI3K Inhibitor ACP-319","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor AMG 319","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor AMG 319","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428288"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474092"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1608125-21-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"19DG7G1U5Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696292"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696292"}]}}{"C148532":{"preferredName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor HMPL 689","code":"C148532","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (phosphoinositide 3'-kinase delta; PI3Kd; PI3K-d), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K-delta inhibitor HMPL 689 selectively binds to and inhibits PI3Kd, and prevents the activation of the PI3Kd/AKT signaling pathway, and B-cell activation. This both decreases proliferation and induces cell death in PI3Kd-overexpressing tumor cells. PI3Kd plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and the proliferation of hematologic cancer cells. The targeted inhibition of PI3Kd is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells and thereby to minimize serious side effects. PI3Kd, an enzyme often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HMPL 689","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL-689","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL689","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-d Inhibitor HMPL 689","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor HMPL 689","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor HMPL 689","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551137"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792706"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792706"}]}}{"C113434":{"preferredName":"Parsaclisib","code":"C113434","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. Parsaclisib inhibits the delta isoform of PI3K and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This both decreases proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-delta-overexpressing tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in hematopoietic disease and cell lineages. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells. PI3K, an enzyme often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4R)-4-(3-((1S)-1-(4-Amino-3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-5-chloro-2-ethoxy-6-fluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-2-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 50465","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-50465","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB050465","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB50465","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARSACLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Parsaclisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Parsaclisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10589","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458228"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1426698-88-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OS7097575K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756266"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756266"}]}}{"C123925":{"preferredName":"Zandelisib","code":"C123925","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zandelisib selectively inhibits the delta isoform of PI3K and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This both decreases proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-delta-overexpressing tumor cells. PI3K-delta plays a key role in the proliferation and survival of hematologic cancer cells. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells. PI3K, an enzyme often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ME 401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ME-401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor PWT143","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PWT-143","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PWT143","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZANDELISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zandelisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zandelisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498289"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1401436-95-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8Z28M5SX0X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775930"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775930"}]}}{"C165266":{"preferredName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor SHC014748M","code":"C165266","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K delta inhibitor SHC014748M selectively binds to and inhibits PI3K delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K delta over-expressing tumor cells. PI3K delta also plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and the proliferation of certain hematologic cancer cells. The targeted inhibition of PI3K delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells, thereby minimizing serious side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor SHC014748M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3Kd Inhibitor SHC014748M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHC 014748M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHC-014748M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHC014748M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978533"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799414"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799414"}]}}{"C158508":{"preferredName":"Linperlisib","code":"C158508","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the delta form of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration linperlisib selectively binds to and inhibits PI3K-delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K-delta over-expressing tumor cells. PI3K-delta also plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and the proliferation of certain hematologic cancer cells. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells, thereby minimizing serious side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LINPERLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Linperlisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K-delta Inhibitor YY-20394","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YY 20394","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YY-20394","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YY20394","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938053"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1702816-75-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"05HYK3CV9N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797151"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797151"}]}}{"C125471":{"preferredName":"Eganelisib","code":"C125471","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, highly selective small molecule inhibitor of the gamma isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K-gamma) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, eganelisib prevents the activation of the PI3K-gamma-mediated signaling pathways, which may lead to a reduction in cellular proliferation in PI3K-gamma-expressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent is able to modulate anti-tumor immune responses and inhibit tumor-mediated immunosuppression. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, the gamma isoform is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and immune cells; its expression increases tumor cell proliferation and survival. By selectively targeting the gamma isoform, PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells is minimally or not affected, which results in a reduced side effect profile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EGANELISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eganelisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eganelisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI 549","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-549","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504218"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FOF5155FMZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778361"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778361"}]}}{"C148229":{"preferredName":"PI3K/BET Inhibitor LY294002","code":"C148229","definitions":[{"description":"A morpholine-based inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the PI3K/BET inhibitor LY294002 specifically targets and binds to both PI3K and the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins. Inhibition of PI3K activity inhibits the PI3K/AKT kinase signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of growth and survival for tumor cells in which the PI3K-mediated signaling pathway is overactivated. Inhibition of BET proteins prevents their interaction with acetylated histones, disrupts chromatin remodeling and inhibits the expression of oncogenic drivers that are important for cell proliferation and survival, which together may lead to an inhibition of proliferation in BET-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. BET proteins, comprised of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, are transcriptional regulators and play an important role during development and cellular growth. In tumor cells, BET proteins play a key role in the regulation of oncogene transcription and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(4-Morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Morpholin-4-yl-8-phenylchromen-4-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 294002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-294002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY294002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/BET Inhibitor LY294002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/BET Inhibitor LY294002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550844"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154447-36-6"}]}}{"C97254":{"preferredName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor DS-7423","code":"C97254","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K/mTOR kinase inhibitor DS-7423 inhibits both PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in susceptible tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K. Consequently, this agent may potentially be more potent than an agent that inhibits either PI3K kinase or mTOR kinase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS-7423","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual PI3 Kinase/mTOR Inhibitor DS-7423","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor DS-7423","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor DS-7423","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429785"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701858"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701858"}]}}{"C84837":{"preferredName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PF-04691502","code":"C84837","definitions":[{"description":"An agent targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K/mTOR kinase inhibitor PF-04691502 inhibits both PI3K and mTOR kinases, which may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition of cancer cells overexpressing PI3K/mTOR. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PF-04691502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PF-04691502","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PF-04691502","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827515"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649523"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649523"}]}}{"C112497":{"preferredName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor VS-5584","code":"C112497","definitions":[{"description":"A potent and selective inhibitor of both phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K/mTOR kinase inhibitor VS-5584 inhibits mTOR kinase and all class I PI3K isoforms. Consequently, this disrupts phosphorylation of substrates downstream of PI3K and mTOR and may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition in susceptible tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, which also has PI3K-independent activity. Consequently, this agent may potentially be more potent than an agent that inhibits either PI3K kinase or mTOR kinase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyrimidinamine, 5-[8-Methyl-9-(1-Methylethyl)-2-(4-Morpholinyl)-9H-Purin-6-Yl]-2-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-[8-Methyl-9-(1-Methylethyl)-2-(4-Morpholinyl)-9H-Purin-6-Yl]-2-Pyrimidinamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor VS-5584","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor VS-5584","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor VS-5584","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB 2343","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-2343","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB2343","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VS 5584","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VS-5584","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VS5584","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3711165"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755179"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755179"}]}}{"C159499":{"preferredName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor WXFL10030390","code":"C159499","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of certain phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) isoforms and mammalian target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K/mTOR inhibitor WXFL10030390 (WX390) inhibits mTOR kinase and certain PI3K isoforms. Consequently, this disrupts phosphorylation of substrates downstream of PI3K and mTOR and may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition in susceptible tumor cells. The PI3K/mTOR pathway is upregulated in a variety of tumor cells and plays a key role in promoting cancer cell proliferation, and survival, motility and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated in a PI3K-independent fashion; therefore, this agent may be more potent than an agent that inhibits either PI3K or mTOR alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor WX390","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor WXFL10030390","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX 390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX-390","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WXFL 10030390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WXFL-10030390","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WXFL10030390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951457"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797519"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797519"}]}}{"C104292":{"preferredName":"Panulisib","code":"C104292","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK-1) and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, panulisib inhibits the activity of all four kinases. This prevents PI3K/mTOR and ALK-1-mediated signaling pathways and may lead to the inhibition of cancer cell growth in PI3K/mTOR-overexpressing tumor cells and angiogenesis in ALK-1-overexpressing endothelial cells. Also, by inhibiting DNA-PK, this agent inhibits the ability of tumor cells to repair damaged DNA. The PI3K/mTOR pathway is upregulated in a variety of tumors and plays an important role in regulating cancer cell proliferation, growth, and survival. ALK-1, a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b) type I receptor family, is overexpressed on endothelial cells in a variety of tumor types and increases endothelial cell proliferation and migration. DNA-PK is activated upon DNA damage and plays a key role in repairing double-stranded DNA breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AK15176","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P7170","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANULISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR/ALK-1/DNA-PK Inhibitor P7170","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panulisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Panulisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445627"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1356033-60-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S9WA04F921"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745036"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745036"}]}}{"C116351":{"preferredName":"PI3K/mTORC1/mTORC2 Inhibitor DCBCI0901","code":"C116351","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), raptor-mTOR (mTOR complex 1 or mTORC1) and rictor-mTOR (mTOR complex 2 or mTORC2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, PI3K/mTORC1/mTORC2 inhibitor DCBCI0901 binds to and inhibits PI3K as well as both mTORC1 and mTORC2, which may result in both apoptosis and a decrease in cell proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing PI3K, mTORC1, and mTORC2. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated independent of PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DCBCI0901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTORC1/mTORC2 Inhibitor DCBCI0901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473670"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761750"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761750"}]}}{"C90291":{"preferredName":"PI3Ka/mTOR Inhibitor PKI-179","code":"C90291","definitions":[{"description":"A second generation, small-molecule mimetic of ATP that targets the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. PKI-179 selectively inhibits mTOR and phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) alpha. By inhibiting the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, this agent may inhibit tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PI3Ka/mTOR Inhibitor PKI-179","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKI-179","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKI-179","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2933673"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CNN7Y60164"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658412"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658412"}]}}{"C118624":{"preferredName":"PI3Kalpha Inhibitor AZD8835","code":"C118624","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K alpha inhibitor AZD8835 selectively binds to and inhibits PIK3CA and its mutated forms, in the PI3K/Akt (protein kinase B) /mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This results in both apoptosis and growth inhibition in PIK3CA-expressing tumor cells. By specifically targeting PIK3CA, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan-PI3K inhibitors. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is often found in solid tumors and results in the promotion of tumor cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemo- and radio-therapy. PIK3CA, one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes, encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD8835","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3Kalpha Inhibitor AZD8835","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3Kalpha Inhibitor AZD8835","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896907"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765451"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765451"}]}}{"C107684":{"preferredName":"PI3Kbeta Inhibitor AZD8186","code":"C107684","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the beta isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PI3Kbeta inhibitor AZD8186 selectively inhibits the activity of PI3Kbeta in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which may result in a decrease of tumor cell proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-expressing cancer cells. By specifically targeting class I PI3K beta, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan PI3K inhibitors. PI3K-mediated signaling is often dysregulated in cancer cells and contributes to increased tumor cell growth, survival, and tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD-8186","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD8186","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3Kbeta Inhibitor AZD8186","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3Kbeta Inhibitor AZD8186","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827157"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1296270-45-5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751594"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751594"}]}}{"C121374":{"preferredName":"PI3Kdelta Inhibitor GS-9901","code":"C121374","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3Kdelta) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PI3Kdelta inhibitor GS-9901 selectively binds to the delta isoform of PI3K and inhibits its activity. This inhibits the activation of the PI3Kdelta-mediated signaling pathway and prevents proliferation of PI3Kdelta-overexpressing tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3Kdelta is expressed primarily in certain tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, motility and survival. The targeted inhibition of PI3Kdelta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells and thus reduces toxicity to normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GS-9901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3Kdelta Inhibitor GS-9901","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PI3Kdelta Inhibitor GS-9901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053639"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C546":{"preferredName":"Pibenzimol","code":"C546","definitions":[{"description":"A fluorescent dye of benzimidazole derivative. Pibenzimol binds to AT-specific sites in the minor groove of duplex DNA and inhibits topoisomerase I, and DNA polymerase, thereby preventing DNA replication. This agent prolongs the G2 phase of the cell cycle and initiates apoptosis in tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bisbenzimidazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HOE 33258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hoe 33258","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hoechst 33258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hoechst Dye 33258","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hoechst dye 33258","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PIBENZIMOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Phenol, 4-(5-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)(2,5'-bi-1H-benzimidazol)-2'-yl)-, Trihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenol, p-[5-[5-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-benzimidazolyl]-2- benzimidazolyl]-, Trihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pibenzimol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pibenzimol Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"322921"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019832"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"23491-45-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LHQ7J5KV9B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39193"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39193"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H24N6O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pibenzimol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:52082"}]}}{"C1542":{"preferredName":"Pibrozelesin","code":"C1542","definitions":[{"description":"A semisynthetic anticancer drug that is a type of antitumor antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic water-soluble derivative of the antineoplastic antibiotic duocarmycin B2. Activated by carboxyl esterase, pibrozelesin alkylates DNA by binding to adenine-thymine (A-T)-rich sequences in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and inducing apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzo(1,2-b:4,3-b')dipyrrole-1-carboxylic Acid, 8-(bromomethyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-methy-4-(((4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl)oxy)-6-((5,6,7,-trimethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)carbonyl)-, Methyl Ester (S)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duocamycin B2 Analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW 2189","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW-2189","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW2189","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PIBROZELESIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pibrozelesin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0254093"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154889-68-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IHK933KCIC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42429"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42429"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H36BrN5O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"KW_2189"}]}}{"C73816":{"preferredName":"Pibrozelesin Hydrobromide","code":"C73816","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrobromide salt form of pibrozelesin, a semisynthetic water-soluble derivative of the antineoplastic antibiotic duocarmycin B2, with antineoplastic activity. Activated by carboxyl esterase, pibrozelesin alkylates DNA by binding to adenine-thymine (A-T)-rich sequences in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and inducing apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PIBROZELESIN HYDROBROMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pibrozelesin Hydrobromide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347514"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"148778-32-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0481JCC90T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H36BrN5O8.BrH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pibrozelesin_Hydrobromide"}]}}{"C745":{"preferredName":"Picibanil","code":"C745","definitions":[{"description":"A lyophilized formulation containing cultures of a low-virulent strain of Streptococcus pyogenes, treated and killed with penicillin G, with potential sclerosing, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. Besides from picibanil's direct damaging effect as a sclerosing agent, it seems to have multiple effects on the immune system as a non-specific immunostimulant. Picibanil activates the host immune system by stimulating the activity of natural killer cells, macrophages and lymphocytes, and by enhancing the production of several key immune mediators, including interleukins and tumor necrosis factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OK-432","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OK-432","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Picibanil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picibanil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Picibanil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picibanil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0031875"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"39325-01-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2F42BH7X2L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489137"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489137"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"OK-432"}]}}{"C48416":{"preferredName":"Picoplatin","code":"C48416","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called platinum analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A new generation organic platinum analog with an extended spectrum of antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome platinum drug resistance, picoplatin alkylates DNA, forming both inter- and intra-strand cross-linkages, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and transcription, and the induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMD473","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cis-Amminedichloro (2-Methylpyridine) Platinum (II)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JM473","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX-473","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PICOPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Picoplatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Picoplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum, Amminedichloro(2-methylpyridine)-, (SP-4-3)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD0473","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD0473","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0671135"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"181630-15-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B5TAN0L720"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"441243"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"441243"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H7N.2Cl.Pt.H3N"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Picoplatin"}]}}{"C1771":{"preferredName":"Picrasinoside H","code":"C1771","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid glycoside phytochemical isolated from the plant Picrasma ailanthoides with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Picras-2-en-1-one, 13-(acetyloxy)-16-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2-methoxy-11,12-(methylenebis(oxy))-, (11alpha,12beta,16alpha)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picrasinoside H","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0648685"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"135638-54-9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Picrasinoside_H"}]}}{"C87736":{"preferredName":"Picropodophyllin","code":"C87736","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclolignan alkaloid found in the mayapple plant family (Podophyllum peltatum), and a small molecule inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Picropodophyllin specifically inhibits the activity and downregulates the cellular expression of IGF1R without interfering with activities of other growth factor receptors, such as receptors for insulin, epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor and mast/stem cell growth factor (KIT). This agent shows potent activity in the suppression o f tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, plays a critical role in the growth and survival of many types of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXL1717","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Furo(3',4':6,7)naphtho(2,3-d)-1,3-dioxol-6(5aH)-one,5,8,8a,9-tetrahydro-9-hydroxy-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-,(5R-(5-alpha,5a-alpha,8a-alpha,9-alpha))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PICROPODOPHYLLIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Picropodophyllin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Picropodophyllotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"36407"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0961664"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"477-47-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0F35AOI227"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729917"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729917"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H22O8"}]}}{"C165479":{"preferredName":"Pictilisib","code":"C165479","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of class I phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pictilisib selectively binds to PI3K in an ATP-competitive manner, inhibiting the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth, motility and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis; dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(1H-indazol-4-yl)-6-((4-(methanesulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)-4-(morpholin-4-yl)thieno(3,2-d)pyrimidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-(2-(1H-indazol-4-yl)-6-((4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)thieno(3,2-d)pyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC 0941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC0941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PICTILISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pictilisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978574"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"957054-30-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ICY00EMP8P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C82380":{"preferredName":"Pictilisib Bismesylate","code":"C82380","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable bismesylate salt of pictilisib, a small molecule inhibitor of class I phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pictilisib selectively binds to PI3K in an ATP-competitive manner, inhibiting the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth, motility and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis; dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(1H-indazol-4-yl)-6-(4-methanesulfonyl-piperazin-1- ylmethyl)-4-morpholin-4-yl-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine, bimesylate salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0941 Bismesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0941 Dimesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PICTILISIB BISMESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pictilisib Bismesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pictilisib Bismesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pictilisib Dimesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thieno(3,2-d)pyrimidine, 2-(1H-indazol-4-yl)-6-((4-(methylsulfonyl)-1-piperazinyl)methyl)-4-(4-morpholinyl)-, Methanesulfonate (1:2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408651"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"957054-33-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G3D7HF2GS9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641462"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641462"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PI3K_Inhibitor_GDC-0941_Bismesylate"}]}}{"C71014":{"preferredName":"Pidilizumab","code":"C71014","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human PD-1 (programmed cell death 1; PDCD1), with immunomodulating and antitumor activities. Pidilizumab blocks interaction between the receptor PD-1 with its ligands, PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-1L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-1L2), resulting in the attenuation of apoptotic processes in lymphocytes, primarily effector/memory T cells, and the augmentation of the anti-tumor activities of NK cells. PD-1 is an inhibitory receptor belonging to the B7-receptor family that is expressed on lymphocytes and myeloid cells; its ligands, PD-1L1 and PD-1L2, are expressed not only by hematopoietic cells but also by cells in non-lymphoid tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CT 011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Programmed Cell Death 1); Humanized Mouse Monoclonal CT-011 Gamma1 Heavy Chain (220-213')-disulfide with Humanized Mouse Monoclonal CT-011 Kappa Light Chain Dimer (226-226'':229-229'')-bisdisulfide, Glycosylated (CT-011 is Expressed in NSO Cells)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDV9300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIDILIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pidilizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pidilizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346821"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1036730-42-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B932PAQ1BQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573227"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573227"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-PD-1_Monoclonal_Antibody_CT-011"}]}}{"C71705":{"preferredName":"Pilaralisib","code":"C71705","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule, targeting the class I phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) family of lipid kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Pilaralisib reversibly binds to class 1 PI3Ks in an ATP-competitive manner, inhibiting the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and activation of the PI3K signaling pathway; this may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents including genotoxic agents and receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Amino-N-(3-(N-(3-((2-chloro-5-methoxyphenyl)amino)quinoxalin-2-yl)sulfamoyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropanamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PILARALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pilaralisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pilaralisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR245408","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL 147","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-147","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL147","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347424"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"934526-89-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"60ES45KTMK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558909"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558909"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PI3K_Family_Kinase_Inhibitor_XL147"}]}}{"C106259":{"preferredName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor LGH447","code":"C106259","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available pan-PIM protein kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PIM kinase inhibitor LGH447 binds to and inhibits the activities of PIM-1, -2 and -3 serine/threonine kinases, which may result in the interruption of the G1/S phase cell cycle transition, the expression of the pro-apoptotic Bcl2 protein and tumor cell apoptosis in cells that overexpress PIMs. PIM kinases, downstream effectors of many cytokine and growth factor signaling pathways, play key roles in cell cycle progression and apoptosis inhibition and may be overexpressed in various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LGH-447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGH-447","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LGH447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM 447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor LGH447","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor LGH447","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM-447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM447","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433893"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9TG5O4V25H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715643"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715643"}]}}{"C82404":{"preferredName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor SGI-1776","code":"C82404","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule pan-PIM protein kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PIM kinase inhibitor SGI-1776 binds to and inhibits the activities of PIM-1, -2 and -3 serine/threonine kinases, which may result in the interruption of the G1/S phase cell cycle transition, the expression of pro-apoptotic Bcl2 proteins and tumor cell apoptosis. PIM kinases play key roles in cell cycle progression and apoptosis inhibition and may be overexpressed in various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor SGI-1776","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor SGI-1776","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGI-1776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742218"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638088"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"638088"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pim_Kinase_Inhibitor_SGI-1776"}]}}{"C160203":{"preferredName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor TP-3654","code":"C160203","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, second-generation and selective ATP-competitive inhibitor of proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PIM kinase inhibitor TP-3654 selectively binds to and prevents the activation of the PIM kinases. This prevents the activation of PIM-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits proliferation in cells that overexpress PIM. PIMs, constitutively active proto-oncogenic serine/threonine kinases, are upregulated in various types of cancers and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-((1R,4R)-4-((3-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-6-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)propan-2-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM Inhibitor TP-3654","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor TP-3654","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PIM Kinase Inhibitor TP-3654","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGI 9481","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGI-9481","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGI9481","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP 3654","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP-3654","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP-3654","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TP3654","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969336"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1361951-15-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EOB0N7BOY4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797841"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797841"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pim_Kinase_Inhibitor_SGI-1776"}]}}{"C133540":{"preferredName":"PIM/FLT3 Kinase Inhibitor SEL24","code":"C133540","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of PIM family serine/threonine protein kinases and mutant forms of FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; STK1) with potential antineoplastic activity. PIM/FLT3 kinase inhibitor SEL24 binds to and inhibits the kinase activities of PIM-1, -2 and -3, and mutant forms of FLT3, which may result in the interruption of the G1/S phase cell cycle transition, an inhibition of cell proliferation, and an induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress PIMs or express mutant forms of FLT3. FLT3, a tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed or mutated in various cancers, plays a role in signaling pathways that regulate hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation, and in leukemic cell proliferation and survival. PIM kinases, downstream effectors of many cytokine and growth factor signaling pathways, including the FLT3 signaling pathway, play key roles in cell cycle progression and apoptosis inhibition and may be overexpressed in various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dual PIM/FLT3 Kinase Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIM/FLT3 Kinase Inhibitor SEL24","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PIM/FLT3 Kinase Inhibitor SEL24","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEL 24","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEL24","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEL24-B489","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520500"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788368"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788368"}]}}{"C84864":{"preferredName":"Pimasertib","code":"C84864","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of MEK1 and MEK2 (MEK1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Pimasertib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1/2, preventing the activation of MEK1/2-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK1/2 (MAP2K1/K2) are dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinases that play key roles in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and are often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AS703026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 1036239","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSC1936369","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-3-[(2-fluoro-4- iodophenyl)amino]isonicotinamide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIMASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pimasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pimasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830124"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1236699-92-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6ON9RK82AL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653634"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653634"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H15FIN3O3"}]}}{"C1279":{"preferredName":"Pingyangmycin","code":"C1279","definitions":[{"description":"The naturally-occurring bleomycin antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces pingyangensisn. Pingyangmycin induces tumor cell apoptosis, possibly via a mechanism mediated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. 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Upon intravenous administration, pinometostat specifically blocks the activity of the histone lysine-methyltransferase DOT1L, thereby inhibiting the methylation of nucleosomal histone H3 on lysine 79 (H3K79) that is bound to the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) fusion protein which targets genes and blocks the expression of leukemogenic genes. This eventually leads to an induction of apoptosis in the leukemic cells bearing the MLL gene translocations. DOT1L, a non-SET domain-containing histone methyltransferase, specifically methylates H3K79 and plays a key role in normal cell differentiation and in the development of leukemia with MLL gene rearrangement on chromosome 11 and promotes the expression of leukemia-causing genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DOT1L Inhibitor EPZ-5676","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPZ-5676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PINOMETOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pinometostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pinometostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641112"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8V9YR09EF3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740411"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"740411"}]}}{"C71633":{"preferredName":"Pioglitazone","code":"C71633","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat type 2 diabetes and is being studied in the prevention of head and neck cancer. It may be able to stop leukoplakia (a condition affecting the mouth) from developing into cancer. It is a type of thiazolidinedione.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Pioglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, thereby inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis. This agent also modulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes, inhibits macrophage and monocyte activation, and stimulates adipocyte differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PIOGLITAZONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pioglitazone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pioglitazone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pioglitazone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0071097"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"111025-46-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X4OV71U42S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H20N2O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pioglitazone_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8228"}]}}{"C29367":{"preferredName":"Pioglitazone Hydrochloride","code":"C29367","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat type 2 diabetes and is being studied in the prevention of head and neck cancer. It may be able to stop leukoplakia (a condition affecting the mouth) from developing into cancer. It is a type of thiazolidinedione.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Pioglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, thereby inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis. This agent also modulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes, inhibits macrophage and monocyte activation, and stimulates adipocyte differentiation. 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It belongs to a family of drugs called antiestrogens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nonsteroidal 2-phenyl indole and a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with potential antineoplastic activity. Pipendoxifene antagonizes binding of estradiol to estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha), thereby inhibiting ER alpha-mediated gene expression, interfering with estrogen activity and inhibiting estrogen-stimulated growth in estrogen-dependent breast cancer. In addition, this agent also exerts intrinsic estrogenic activity depending on the tissue types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1-[4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)benzyl]-1H-indol-5-ol Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERA 923","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERA-923","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"ERA-923","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PIPENDOXIFENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pipendoxifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935699"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"198480-55-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TPC5Q8496G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38112"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38112"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H32N2O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ERA_923"}]}}{"C1401":{"preferredName":"Piperazinedione","code":"C1401","definitions":[{"description":"A crystalline antibiotic fermentation product isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces griseoluteus with antineoplastic activity. Piperazinedione alkylates DNA at the N-7 position of guanine, inhibiting DNA replication and inducing cell cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2, 5-Piperazinedione, 3,6-bis-(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-, dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2, 5-piperazinedione, 3,6-bis-(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-, dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,5-Piperazinedione, 3, 6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidinyl)-, dihydrochloride, [3S-[3.alpha.(2S*,5R*),6.alpha.(2S*,5R*)]]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2,5-piperazinedione, 3, 6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidinyl)-, dihydrochloride, [3S-[3alpha(2S*,5R*),6alpha(2S*,5R*)]]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"593A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"593A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Compound 593A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Compound 593A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Merck Compound 593A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PZD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PZD dihydrochloride, 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidinyl)-, dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PZD dihydrochloride, 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidinyl)-, dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Piperazinedione","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"135758"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0888240"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"41109-80-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39556"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39556"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Piperazinedione"}]}}{"C48417":{"preferredName":"Piperine Extract (Standardized)","code":"C48417","definitions":[{"description":"A standardized extract containing the active alkaloid piperine, derived from the fruit of the plant Piper nigrum (black pepper) and/or the plant Piper longum L. (long pepper), with thermogenic properties. Co-ingestion of piperidine enhances the bioavailability of various nutrients, including beta-carotene, curcumin, selenium, pyridoxine and coenzyme Q10. In addition, this agent may exert anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities and may enhance the production of serotonin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bioperine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Piperine Extract (Standardized)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Piperine Extract (Standardized)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Standardized Piperine Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709545"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"440023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"440023"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Piperine_Extract_Standardized"}]}}{"C750":{"preferredName":"Pipobroman","code":"C750","definitions":[{"description":"A piperazine derivative with potential antineoplastic alkyating activity. Although the exact mechanism of action of pipobroman has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to act by alkylating DNA, leading to disruption of DNA replication and eventually cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amedel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIPOBROMAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pipobroman","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vercyte","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vercyte","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"25154"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0031965"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"54-91-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6Q99RDT97R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H16Br2N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pipobroman"}]}}{"C1783":{"preferredName":"Piposulfan","code":"C1783","definitions":[{"description":"An alkyl sulfonate with potential antineoplastic activity. Piposulfan alkylates DNA, thereby producing DNA interstrand crosslinks and DNA strand breaks and inhibiting DNA replication. This agent has been shown to exhibit antitumor activity in an animal model of prostate cancer. 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Pirarubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin and exhibits activity against some doxorubicin-resistant cell lines. 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Pirarubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. This agent is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin and exhibits activity against some doxorubicin-resistant cell lines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2\"R)-4'-O-Tetrahydropyranyladriamycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4'-O-Tetrahydropyranyl Doxorubicin HCl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIRARUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pirarubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THP-ADM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"THP-adriamycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"333054"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0898957"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"72496-41-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E7V83174BE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H37NO12.ClH"}]}}{"C2635":{"preferredName":"Pirfenidone","code":"C2635","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the prevention and treatment of scar tissue caused by radiation therapy. It belongs to the family of drugs called anti-inflammatory agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active synthetic antifibrotic agent structurally similar to pyridine 2,4-dicarboxylate. Pirfenidone inhibits fibroblast, epidermal, platelet-derived, and transforming beta-1 growth factors, thereby slowing tumor cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits DNA synthesis and the production of mRNA for collagen types I and III, resulting in a reduction in radiation-induced fibrosis. 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It belongs to the family of drugs called folate antagonists.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic antifolate agent with antiparasitic, antipsoriatic and antitumor properties. Piritrexim inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase enzyme, thereby disrupting folate metabolism and DNA synthesis and cell division. 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Piritrexim inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase enzyme, thereby disrupting folate metabolism and DNA synthesis and cell division.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Diamino-6-(2,5-dimethoxybenzyl)-5-methylpyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidine mono(2-hydroxyethanesulfonate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BW-301U Isethionate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIRITREXIM ISETHIONATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Piritrexim Isethionate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Piritrexim isethionate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"351521"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522061"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"79483-69-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V77I71FH72"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H19N5O2.C2H6O4S"}]}}{"C121960":{"preferredName":"Pirotinib","code":"C121960","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB; EGFR) family, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pirotinib selectively and irreversibly binds to and inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptors 1 (ErbB1; EGFR), 2 (ErbB2; HER2), and 4 (ErbB4; HER4). This may result in the inhibition of cell growth and angiogenesis in tumors overexpressing these RTKs. EGFRs play major roles in both tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization, and are overexpressed in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KBP-5209","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KBP5209","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pirotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pirotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4054177"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772247"}]}}{"C1182":{"preferredName":"Piroxantrone","code":"C1182","definitions":[{"description":"An anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic. Piroxantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. Although less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin, this agent exhibits a narrow spectrum of antineoplastic activity. 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Piroxantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. Although less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin, this agent exhibits a narrow spectrum of antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PIROXANTRONE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Piroxantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347520"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"105118-12-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PS51OZG63Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H25N5O4.2HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Piroxantrone_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C26663":{"preferredName":"Pixantrone","code":"C26663","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, noncardiotoxic aza-anthracenedione analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Pixantrone intercalates into DNA and induces topoisomerase II-mediated DNA strand crosslinks, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and tumor cell cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6,9-Bis((2-aminoethyl)amino)benzo(g)isoquinoline-5,10-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIXANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pixantrone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pixantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pixantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0253355"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"144510-96-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F5SXN2KNMR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H19N5O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pixantrone"}]}}{"C82398":{"preferredName":"Pixantrone Dimaleate","code":"C82398","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The dimaleate salt of a synthetic, noncardiotoxic aza-anthracenedione analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Pixantrone intercalates into DNA and induces topoisomerase II-mediated DNA strand crosslinks, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and tumor cell cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6,9-Bis((2-Aminoethyl)Amino)Benzo(g)Isoquinoline-5,10-Dione (2z)-But-2-Enedioate (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBR 2778","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBR 2778","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Benz(g)Isoquinoline-5,10-Dione, 6,9-Bis((2-Aminoethyl)Amino)-, (2z)-2-Butenedioate (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIXANTRONE DIMALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pixantrone Dimaleate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pixantrone Dimaleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pixantrone Maleate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408667"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"144675-97-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"non-Hodgkin's lyphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P0R64C4CR9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269678"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269678"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H19N5O2.2C4H4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pixantrone_Dimaleate"}]}}{"C1810":{"preferredName":"PKA Regulatory Subunit RIalpha Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 231","code":"C1810","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that may inhibit the growth of malignant tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mixed backbone oligonucleotide exhibiting antitumor activity. GEM-231 is complementary to the RI alpha subunit of Protein Kinase A (PKA), resulting in downregulation of PKA expression and ultimately tumor growth. 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As an antisense molecule, aprinocarsen hybridizes to the 3-untranslated region of the human protein kinase C (PKC-alpha) mRNA, thereby inhibiting PKC-alpha expression and growth of PKC-alpha-dependent tumor cells. 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Upon oral administration, PKC-beta inhibitor MS-553 selectively binds to and inhibits PKC-beta, which prevents the activation of PKC-beta-mediated signaling pathways. This may lead to the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. PKC-beta, a serine/threonine protein kinase overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells, is involved in tumor cell differentiation, proliferation, invasion and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MS 553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MS-553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MS553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKC-b Inhibitor MS-553","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKC-beta Inhibitor MS-553","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PKC-beta Inhibitor MS-553","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550994"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795373"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795373"}]}}{"C753":{"preferredName":"Placebo","code":"C753","definitions":[{"description":"A pharmaceutical preparation that does not contain the investigational agent and is generally prepared to be physically indistinguishable from the preparation containing the investigational product.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inactive substance or treatment that looks the same as, and is given the same way as, an active drug or treatment being tested. The effects of the active drug or treatment are compared to the effects of the placebo.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inactive substance, treatment or procedure that is intended to provide baseline measurements for the experimental protocol of a clinical trial.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLCB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placebo","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Placebo","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"placebo","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"termName":"placebo","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"placebo therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sham therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473981"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43469"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43469"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Placebo"}]}}{"C69005":{"preferredName":"Pladienolide Derivative E7107","code":"C69005","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic urethane derivative of pladienolide D with potential antineoplastic activity. Pladienolide derivative E7107 is generated from the 12-membered macrolide pladienolide D, one of several macrolides derived from the bacterium Streptomyces platensis Mer-11107. This agent appears to bind to the 130-kDa subunit 3 (spliceosome-associated protein 130; SAP130) of the splicing factor 3b (SF3b), resulting in inhibition of pre-messenger RNA splicing and the arrest of cell-cycle progression. The splicing factor SF3b is a multiprotein complex integral to the accurate excision of introns from pre-messenger RNA; the subunit SAP130 associates with U2 snRNP and is recruited to prespliceosomal complexes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E7107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pladienolide Derivative E7107","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pladienolide Derivative E7107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL375254"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"630100-90-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R60DZX1E2N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"546981"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"546981"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C40H66N2O9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pladienolide_Derivative_E7107"}]}}{"C756":{"preferredName":"Platinum","code":"C756","definitions":[{"description":"A metal that is an important component of some anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin and carboplatin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An element with atomic symbol Pt, atomic number 78, and atomic weight 195.09.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C.I. 77795","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLATINUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Platinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum Metallicum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pt","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"platinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032207"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7440-06-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"49DFR088MY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"Pt"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Platinum"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:33400"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:33364"}]}}{"C153425":{"preferredName":"Platinum Acetylacetonate-Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles","code":"C153425","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of platinum acetylacetonate supported by sol-gel technology functionalized titania, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the platinum moiety forms complexes with nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA, inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links, resulting in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Compared to platinum alone, the nanoparticle formulation allows increased delivery of platinum to the tumor site, thereby increasing efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NPt","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPt Nanomaterial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPt Nanoparticles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPt-Ca","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum Acetylacetonate-Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sol-gel NPt Nanomaterial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sol-gel NPt Nanoparticles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554861"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793980"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793980"}]}}{"C1450":{"preferredName":"Platinum Compound","code":"C1450","definitions":[{"description":"A chemotherapy compound that contains a platinum atom. Platinum compounds do not contain alkyl groups but do cause DNA crosslinks and adducts similar to alkylating agents. DNA crosslinks and adducts ultimately lead to the induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Platinum Agents","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum Compound","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Platinum Compound","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum-Based Chemotherapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206135"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Platinum_Compound"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:33749"}]}}{"C1629":{"preferredName":"Plevitrexed","code":"C1629","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule, non-polyglutamatable, antifolate quinazoline derivative thymidine synthetase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Plevitrexed is transported into the cell via the physiological reduced folate carrier (RFC) system. Intracellularly, this agent selectively binds to the folate binding site of thymidylate synthase and inhibits thymidine synthesis, which may result in DNA synthesis inhibition and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(alphaS)-alpha-[[4-[[(1,4-Dihydro-2,7-dimethyl-4-oxo-6-quinazolinyl)methyl]-2-propynylamino]-2-fluorobenzoyl]amino]-1H-tetrazole-5-butanoic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(alphaS)-alpha-[[4-[[(1,4-Dihydro-2,7-dimethyl-4-oxo-6-quinazolinyl)methyl]-2-propynylamino]-2-fluorobenzoyl]amino]-1H-tetrazole-5-butanoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGC 9331","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLEVITREXED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Plevitrexed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vamidex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vamydex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD9331","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0299046"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"153537-73-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L9P2881C3H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38264"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38264"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H25FN8O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ZD9331"}]}}{"C658":{"preferredName":"Plicamycin","code":"C658","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat some types of testicular cancer. It is also used to treat a higher-than-normal amounts of calcium in the blood or urine. Plicamycin binds to DNA and prevents cells from making RNA and proteins. It is a type of antineoplastic antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces plicatus with antineoplastic activity. Plicamycin, also known as mithramycin, binds to the minor groove of DNA at GC-rich sites, resulting in inhibition of RNA synthesis; this agent also inhibits mRNA expression, resulting in a reduction in protein synthesis. In addition, plicamycin may inhibit bone resorption by down regulating transcription of c-src, an oncogene involved in bone metabolism and resorption. 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Plinabulin selectively targets and binds to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin, thereby interrupting equilibrium of microtubule dynamics. This disrupts mitotic spindle assembly leading to cell cycle arrest at M phase and blockage of cell division. In addition, plinabulin may also inhibit growth of proliferating vascular endothelial cells, thereby disrupting the function of tumor vasculature that further contributes to a decrease in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3Z,6Z)-6-benzylidene-3-{[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]methylidene}piperazine-2,5-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPI-2358","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLINABULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Plinabulin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plinabulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1741609"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"714272-27-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"986FY7F8XR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488984"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488984"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H20N4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"NPI-2358"}]}}{"C1689":{"preferredName":"Plitidepsin","code":"C1689","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is obtained from a marine organism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cyclic depsipeptide isolated from the marine tunicate Aplidium albicans. Plitidepsin displays a broad spectrum of antitumor activities, inducing apoptosis by triggering mitochondrial cytochrome c release, initiating the Fas/DC95, JNK pathway and activating caspase 3 activation. This agent also inhibits elongation factor 1-a, thereby interfering with protein synthesis, and induces G1 arrest and G2 blockade, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APLD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aplidin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aplidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Aplidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DDB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dehydrodemnin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dehydrodidemnin B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[1-(1,2-Dioxopropyl)-L-prolyl]didemnin A","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLITIDEPSIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Plitidepsin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plitidepsin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aplidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"638719"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0388638"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"137219-37-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y76ID234HW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"460052"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"460052"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aplidine"}]}}{"C49091":{"preferredName":"Plk1 Inhibitor BI 2536","code":"C49091","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It prevents cells from dividing and may block the growth of some tumors. It is a type of mitotic inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small molecule compound with potential antineoplastic activities. BI 2536 binds to and inhibits Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), resulting in mitotic arrest, disruption of cytokinesis, and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations. Plk1, a serine/threonine-protein kinase, is a key regulator of multiple processes fundamental to mitosis and cell division.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 2536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 2536","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BI-2536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plk1 Inhibitor BI 2536","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plk1 Inhibitor BI 2536","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706888"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"452943"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"452943"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BI_2536"}]}}{"C162375":{"preferredName":"PLK1 Inhibitor CYC140","code":"C162375","definitions":[{"description":"A competitive inhibitor for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding to polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1; PLK-1; STPK13), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PLK1 inhibitor CYC140 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits PLK1, which disrupts mitosis and induces selective G2/M cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis in PLK1-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine kinase that is crucial for the regulation of mitosis, and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, transformation and invasion. PLK1 expression is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and high expression is associated with increased aggressiveness and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYC 140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYC-140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYC140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLK-1 Inhibitor CYC140","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLK1 Inhibitor CYC140","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PLK1 Inhibitor CYC140","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor CYC140","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970820"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798706"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798706"}]}}{"C92587":{"preferredName":"PLK1 Inhibitor TAK-960","code":"C92587","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor TAK-960 selectively inhibits PLK1, inducing selective G2/M cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells while causing reversible cell-cycle arrest at the G1 and G2 stages without apoptosis in normal cells. PLK1 inhibition may result in the inhibition of proliferation in PLK1-overexpressed tumor cells. PLK1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine kinase crucial in the regulation of mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLK1 Inhibitor TAK-960","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PLK1 Inhibitor TAK-960","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor TAK-960","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-960","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2985196"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683854"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683854"}]}}{"C95888":{"preferredName":"Plocabulin","code":"C95888","definitions":[{"description":"A marine-derived, synthetically produced compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Plocabulin covalently binds to residues lying in the minor groove of DNA, which may result in delayed progression through S phase, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLOCABULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PM-060184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PM060184","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plocabulin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plocabulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272412"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"960210-99-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"52Y8L60CR7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696184"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696184"}]}}{"C88308":{"preferredName":"Plozalizumab","code":"C88308","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied as a treatment for atherosclerosis (a build-up of fat in the arteries). It is also being studied in the treatment of cancers that spread to the bone. Anti-CCR2 monoclonal antibody MLN1202 binds to a protein called CCR2, which is found on the surface of certain bone cells, white blood cells, and cancer cells. Anti-CCR2 monoclonal antibody MLN1202 blocks the action of a substance that is involved in keeping healthy bone mass. It may help keep the cancer cells from spreading to and growing in the bone. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), with potential antiangiogenic, immunomodulating, antimetastatic, and antineoplastic activities. Plozalizumab binds to CCR2 and prevents binding of the endothelium-derived CLL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or MCP1) to its receptor CCR2, which may result in inhibition of CCR2 activation and so inhibition of angiogenesis, tumor cell migration, and tumor cell proliferation. In addition, this agent may reduce levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). The G-protein coupled receptor CCR2 is expressed on the surface of monocytes and macrophages, stimulates the migration and infiltration of these cell types, and plays an important role in inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor cell migration and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human CC Chemokine Receptor CCR2) (Human-mus musculus Monoclonal 1d9 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-mus musculus Monoclonal 1d9 kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN1202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN1202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PLOZALIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Plozalizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plozalizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-CCR2 monoclonal antibody MLN1202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981824"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1610761-46-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4XG66BMN0D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659685"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659685"}]}}{"C126798":{"preferredName":"Pidnarulex","code":"C126798","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of RNA polymerase I (Pol I), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pidnarulex selectively binds to and inhibits Pol I, prevents Pol I-mediated ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis, induces apoptosis, and inhibits tumor cell growth. Pol I, the multiprotein complex that synthesizes rRNA, is upregulated in cancer cells and plays a key role in cell proliferation and survival. Hyperactivated rRNA transcription is associated with uncontrolled cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(4-Methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-N-((5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)methyl)-5-oxo-5H-benzo[4,5]thiazolo[3,2-a][1,8]naphthyridine-6-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-(4-Methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-N-[(5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)methyl]-5-oxo-[1,3]benzothiazolo[3,2-a][1,8]naphthyridine-6-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5H-Benzothiazolo[3,2-a][1,8]naphthyridine-6-carboxamide, 2-(hexahydro-4-methyl-1H-1,4-diazepin-1-yl)-N-[(5-methyl-2-pyrazinyl)methyl]-5-oxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-5461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX5461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIDNARULEX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pidnarulex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pol I Inhibitor CX5461","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RNA Pol I Inhibitor CX5461","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3180849"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1138549-36-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3R4C5YLB9I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780145"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780145"}]}}{"C104153":{"preferredName":"Polatuzumab Vedotin","code":"C104153","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain (CD79B) conjugated, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of polatuzumab vedotin selectively binds to CD79B, a protein which is abundantly expressed on the surface of B-cells. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. CD79B, a component of the B-cell receptor (BCR), plays a key role in B-cell receptor signaling and is expressed on the surface of almost all types of malignant B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DCDS4501A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-Drug Conjugate DCDS4501A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCDS4501A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCU 2711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"POLATUZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Polatuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polatuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polivy","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 5541077-000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"polatuzumab vedotin-piiq","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4078806"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1313206-42-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KG6VO684Z6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695317"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695317"}]}}{"C158511":{"preferredName":"Polidocanol","code":"C158511","definitions":[{"description":"An alkyl polyglycol ether of lauryl alcohol with sclerosing and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon intralesional administration, polidocanol induces endothelial cell injury by disrupting calcium signaling and nitric oxide pathways. Following endothelial damage, platelets aggregate at the site of injury and attach to the venous wall, resulting in a dense network of platelets, cellular debris, and fibrin that occludes the vessel. Inducing endothelial cell damage within melanoma metastases may incite an antitumor response in untreated bystander lesions and inhibit the growth of in transit metastases and other cutaneous lesions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aethoxysklerol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asclera","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dodecylnonaoxyethylene Glycol Monoether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laureth 9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laureth-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lauromacrogol 400","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonaethylene Glycol Monododecyl Ether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"POLIDOCANOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Polidocanol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938148"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3055-99-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0AWH8BFG9A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797212"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797212"}]}}{"C157372":{"preferredName":"Poliglusam","code":"C157372","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally occurring polysaccharide composed of beta-1,4-linked glucosamine residues with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, poliglusam may, through a not yet fully elucidated mechanism, reduce advanced glycation end product (AGE) levels. This may reduce the interaction between AGEs and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE, AGER), which is overexpressed in some tumor types and is associated with poor patient outcomes. AGE-RAGE interaction may induce the phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb), a key cell cycle inhibitor and tumor suppressor, through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB, Akt) signaling pathway. Hyperphosphorylation of Rb leads to the dissociation of the Rb-E2F complex, which triggers the activation of genes required for G1/S transition and tumorigenesis. Reducing AGE levels may limit AGE-RAGE interaction and normalize the G1 to S-phase transition, potentially reducing the development and progression of certain cancers. AGEs are non-enzymatic protein modifications produced during the normal aging process that have been shown to play a role in the development and progression of some cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chitosan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deacetylchitin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"POLIGLUSAM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Poliglusam","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Poliglusam","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0162969"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"82LKS4QV2Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796923"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796923"}]}}{"C70948":{"preferredName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor GSK461364","code":"C70948","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor GSK461364 selectively inhibits Plk1, inducing selective G2/M arrest followed by apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells while causing reversible cell arrest at the G1 and G2 stage without apoptosis in normal cells. Plk1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in regulating mitotic spindle function in a non-ATP competitive manner.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK461364","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor GSK461364","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347618"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573587"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573587"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polo-like_Kinase_1_Inhibitor_GSK461364"}]}}{"C82389":{"preferredName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor MK1496","code":"C82389","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor MK1496 selectively inhibits Plk1, inducing selective G2/M arrest followed by apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells while causing reversible cell arrest at the G1 and G2 stage without apoptosis in normal cells. Plk1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in regulating mitotic spindle function in a non-ATP competitive manner.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MK1496","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLK1 Inhibitor MK1496","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor MK1496","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408660"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642286"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642286"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polo-like_Kinase_1_Inhibitor_MK1496"}]}}{"C88313":{"preferredName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor NMS-1286937","code":"C88313","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor NMS-1286937 selectively inhibits PLK1, inducing selective G2/M cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells while causing reversible cell-cycle arrest at the G1 and G2 stages without apoptosis in normal cells. PLK1 inhibition may result in the inhibition of proliferation in PLK1-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK1 is a serine/threonine protein kinase crucial in the regulation of mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor NMS-1286937","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Wed Dec 30 12:09:10 EST 2020 - See 'Onvansertib(C143162)'"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C61074"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C129825"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413568"}]}}{"C111990":{"preferredName":"Polo-like Kinase 4 Inhibitor CFI-400945 Fumarate","code":"C111990","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available fumarate salt form of CFI-400945, a polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, polo-like kinase 4 inhibitor CFI-400945 selectively inhibits PLK4, which results in the disruption of mitosis and the induction of apoptosis. PLK4 inhibition also prevents cell division and inhibits proliferation of PLK4-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK4, a member of the polo family of serine/threonine kinases overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a crucial role in the regulation of centriole duplication during the cell cycle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CFI-400945 Fumarate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLK4 Inhibitor CFI-400945 Fumarate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 4 Inhibitor CFI-400945 Fumarate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454279"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754001"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754001"}]}}{"C101894":{"preferredName":"Poly-alendronate Dextran-Guanidine Conjugate","code":"C101894","definitions":[{"description":"A polybisphosphonate dextran-guanidine conjugate with potential anti-resorptive and antineoplastic activities. Alendronic acid and aminoguanidine were conjugated sequentially to oxidized dextran resulting in an average of 8 alendronate and 50 guanidine groups coupled to the dextran backbone. Upon administration, the poly-alendronate dextran-guanidine conjugate inhibits the mevalonate pathway by inhibiting farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) which leads to a reduction in protein prenylation and to the loss of downstream metabolites essential for osteoclast function. This eventually leads to the induction of apoptosis in osteoclasts. Also, by preventing osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, this agent decreases bone turnover and stabilizes the bone matrix. The guanidine moiety increases the nitrogen content and possibly the activity of the bisphosphonate and its ability to inhibit FDPS. In addition, the guanidine moiety facilitates cell internalization and may contribute to this agent's cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dextran/Alendronate/Guanidine-containing Polybisphosphonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteodex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly-alendronate Dextran-Guanidine Conjugate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL436277"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733915"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733915"}]}}{"C106124":{"preferredName":"Poly-gamma Glutamic Acid","code":"C106124","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble and biodegradable polymer naturally synthesized by various strains of Bacillus and composed of D- and L-glutamic acid polymerized via gamma-amide linkages, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, poly-gamma glutamic acid may augment the immune response by increasing the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and inducing the activation of macrophage and natural killer (NK) cells. IFN-gamma is a major mediator of innate and adaptive immunity against viral and intracellular bacterial infections as well as for tumor control. TNF-alpha is a cytokine involved in systemic inflammation, which is capable of inducing apoptotic cell death and exhibits anti-tumoral effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gamma-polyglutamic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly-gamma Glutamic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly-gamma-glutamate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gamma-PGA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1723263"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748858"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"748858"}]}}{"C38130":{"preferredName":"Polyamine Analog SL11093","code":"C38130","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic compound of the polyamine class of chemicals with potential antineoplastic activity. Natural endogenous polyamines bind to DNA and are involved in a number of cellular processes such as cell division, differentiation, and membrane function. SL11093 displaces these polyamines from their DNA binding sites, resulting in cessation of cell growth and cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,8,13,18-Tetraaza-10,11-[(E)-1,2-cyclopropyl]eicosane Tetrahydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGC 11093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGC-11093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGC11093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyamine Analog SL11093","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL 11093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL-11093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL11093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"724908"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1259818"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SL11093"}]}}{"C60816":{"preferredName":"Polyamine Analogue PG11047","code":"C60816","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of lymphoma. It belongs to the family of drugs called polyamine analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A second generation polyamine analogue, synthesized through the restriction of molecular conformations of parent polyamine compounds, with potential antineoplastic activity. Polyamine analogue PG11047 may displace endogenous polyamines from DNA binding sites, thereby interfering with cell cycle processes dependent upon polyamine binding and function, and resulting in cell-cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, depletion of polyamines, and interference with gene and ligand-receptor activities involved with cell growth. This agent may exhibit decreased toxicity and enhanced cytotoxicity profiles compared to first-generation polyamine compounds. In tumor cells, there is an increase dependence on polyamines as well as a dysregulated polyamine metabolic pathway resulting in abnormal or sustained tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BESpm","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGC-11047","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N(1),-N(12)-bis(ethyl)-cis-6,7-dehydrospermine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N(1),-N(12)-bis(ethyl)-cis-6,7-dehydrospermine tetrahydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N(1),N(12)-bisethylspermine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PG11047","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyamine Analogue PG11047","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL-11047","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SL11047","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963112"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467739"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467739"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SL11047"}]}}{"C142788":{"preferredName":"Polyamine Analogue SBP-101","code":"C142788","definitions":[{"description":"An analogue of naturally occurring polyamine (PA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, SBP-101 displaces endogenous PAs from PA-binding sites on the cell surface, which prevents internalization of PA. This inhibits PA-dependent cell cycle processes and results in cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. PA uptake is upregulated in various tumor types and increased levels of PA leads to enhanced tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diethyl Dihydroxyhomospermine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HO2-DEHSPM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyamine Analogue SBP-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polyamine Analogue SBP-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SBP 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SBP-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540733"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791597"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791597"}]}}{"C148487":{"preferredName":"Polyamine Transport Inhibitor AMXT-1501 Dicaprate","code":"C148487","definitions":[{"description":"The dicaprate salt form of AMXT-1501, an orally bioavailable polyamine transport inhibitor, with immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AMXT-1501 targets, binds to and blocks polyamine transport from the bloodstream into the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby preventing cancer cell uptake. This decreases polyamine concentrations inside the TME and tumor cell, inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. In addition, AMXT-1501 may abrogate polyamine-mediated immune suppression in the TME. Polyamines, naturally found in normal, heathy cells, are required for normal cell growth and division. In cancer cells, polyamines play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor-induced suppression of the patient's immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMX 513 Dicaprate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMX513 Dicaprate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMXT-1501 Dicaprate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyamine Transport Inhibitor AMXT-1501 Dicaprate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polyamine Transport Inhibitor AMXT-1501 Dicaprate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551058"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792572"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792572"}]}}{"C1628":{"preferredName":"Polyandrol","code":"C1628","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Castela polyandra and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polyandrol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0298893"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polyandrol"}]}}{"C92583":{"preferredName":"Polyethylene Glycol Recombinant Endostatin","code":"C92583","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation containing recombinant endostatin attached to polyethylene glycol (PEG), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Endostatin, a 20 kDa C-terminal proteolytic fragment of collagen XVIII, induces microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis and inhibits endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis, which may result in a reduction of tumor cell growth. Modification with PEG extends the circulation half-life of endostatin, improves stability and increases solubility in organic solvents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"M2ES","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyethylene Glycol Recombinant Endostatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL419349"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670652"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670652"}]}}{"C125243":{"preferredName":"Polyethyleneglycol-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin DFP-13318","code":"C125243","definitions":[{"description":"A long-acting formulation composed of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38), a camptothecin derivative and active metabolite of irinotecan conjugated to polyethylene glycol (PEG), via a proprietary, cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the proprietary linkage system allows for very slow release of SN38 from the formulation. Upon release, SN38 selectively stabilizes covalent topoisomerase I-DNA complexes, and results in single-stranded and double-stranded DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication, and the induction of apoptosis. This agent is designed to deliver the active metabolite to tumor cells without the need for conversion as is the case with irinotecan. Compared to other PEG-SN38-based formulations, the linker system in DFP-13318 increases its half-life and the exposure time for tumor cells, while decreasing both blood plasma concentrations and exposure to off-target organs; this results in increased efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DFP-13318","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEG SN38 DFP-13318","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PL 0264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PL-0264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX-0264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyethyleneglycol-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyethyleneglycol-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin DFP-13318","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polyethyleneglycol-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin DFP-13318","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultra-Long-Acting-PEG-SN-38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultra-long Acting PEG-SN38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504040"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778327"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778327"}]}}{"C150508":{"preferredName":"Polymer-encapsulated Luteolin Nanoparticle","code":"C150508","definitions":[{"description":"A nanoparticle formulation containing the poorly water-soluble naturally-occurring flavonoid luteolin encapsulated within a water-soluble polymer, with potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, apoptosis-inducing and chemopreventive activities. Upon administration of the polymer-encapsulated luteolin nanoparticle, luteolin scavenges free radicals, protects cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage and induces direct tumor cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation and suppresses metastasis. Compared to luteolin alone, encapsulation increases the delivery of luteolin to the tumor cells by protecting the drug against clearance and degradation, increases blood circulation time and enhances delivery into the tumor through the leaky vasculature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3',4',5,7-Tetrahydroxyflavone-encapsulated Polymer Nanoparticles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nano-luteolin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoluteolin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nanoparticle-based Luteolin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymer-encapsulated Luteolin Nanoparticle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552290"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793030"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793030"}]}}{"C69079":{"preferredName":"Polymeric Camptothecin Prodrug XMT-1001","code":"C69079","definitions":[{"description":"A polymeric prodrug of camptothecin (CPT) with potential antineoplastic activity. Polymeric camptothecin prodrug XMT-1001 consists of CPT conjugated to the 60-70 kDa, inert, bio-degradable, hydrophilic copolymer poly[1-hydroxymethylene hydroxymethyl formal] (PHF). Through a dual-phase, non-enzymatic release mechanism, CPT is first released in plasma from XMT-1001 as the lipophilic prodrugs CPT-SI (a succinimidoglycinate derivative) and CPT-SA (a succinamidoyl glycinate derivative), which are then hydrolyzed within tissues to release the lactone form of CPT. CPT inhibits the catalytic activity of DNA topoisomerase I, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and inducing apoptosis. This agent may exhibit a more favorable pharmacokinetic profile than other agents in the same class.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MER-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymeric Camptothecin Prodrug XMT-1001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polymeric Camptothecin Prodrug XMT-1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347623"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544567"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544567"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polymeric_Camptothecin_Prodrug_XMT-1001"}]}}{"C129595":{"preferredName":"Polypodium leucotomos Extract","code":"C129595","definitions":[{"description":"A nutritional supplement composed of an aqueous extract derived from the leaves of the tropical fern belonging to the Polypodiaceae family, Polypodium leucotomos (PL; Phlebodium aureum), with potential photoprotective, skin protective, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antioxidant activities. This extract contains many phenolic compounds, such as ferulic, caffeic, coumaric and vanillic acid, which are mainly responsible for this extract's effects. Upon administration, Polypodium leucotomos extract (PLE) exerts antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting the generation and release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby preventing ultraviolet (UV)-induced as well as ROS-induced DNA damage. In addition, the chemicals in this extract protect antioxidant enzymes and modulate expression of cancer and inflammation-related genes, including the induction of the expression of tumor suppressor genes and the inhibition of the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory enzymes, thereby inhibiting the activation of signal transduction pathways involved in carcinogenesis and inflammation, respectively. PLE also stimulates tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fernblock","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PL Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polypodium leucotomos Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1614561"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783987"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783987"}]}}{"C1204":{"preferredName":"Polysaccharide-K","code":"C1204","definitions":[{"description":"A protein-bound polysaccharide derived from the mushroom Trametes versicolor (Turkey Tail) with immunoadjuvant and potential antitumor activities. Although its mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that polysaccharide-K induces peripheral blood monocyte secretion of IL-8 and TNF-alpha, induces T cell proliferation, and prevents cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression. This agent has also been reported to stimulate macrophages to produce reactive nitrogen intermediates and superoxide anions and to promote apoptosis in the promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glycoproteins","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"KS-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Krestin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Krestin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSK","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polysaccharide-K","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polysaccharide-K","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0072522"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"66455-27-4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39574"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39574"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polysaccharide-K"}]}}{"C1201":{"preferredName":"Polysialic Acid","code":"C1201","definitions":[{"description":"A highly negative-charged carbohydrate composed of a linear polymer of alpha 2,8-linked sialic acid residue with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Polysialic acid (PSA) is mainly attached to the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), a membrane-bound glycoprotein overexpressed in certain types of cancers. In embryonic tissue PSA-NCAM is abundantly expressed and PSA plays an important role in formation and remodeling of the neural system through modulation of the adhesive properties of NCAM, thereby reducing cell-cell interactions and promoting cellular mobility. In adult tissue however, the expression of PSA-NCAM is associated with a variety of malignant tumors, signifying its potential role in tumor metastasis. When administered in a vaccine formulation, PSA may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell response against tumors expressing PSA, thereby resulting in a reduction in tumor size.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polysialic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0071677"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37839"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37839"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polysialic_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:26206"}]}}{"C67038":{"preferredName":"Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid","code":"C67038","definitions":[{"description":"A class of dietary fatty acids containing two or more double bonds.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A fatty acid containing more than one double bond (C=C). The essential fatty acids omega-3 and omega-6 are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that contain 2 or more cis double bonds. Dietary intake of some PUFAs may have beneficial effects on blood pressure, serum lipds, and inflammation. Some PUFAs, such as omega-3 PUFAs, may have antineoplastic or chemopreventive activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fatty Acid, Total Polyunsaturated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PUFA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PUFA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032615"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539359"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539359"},{"name":"INFOODS","value":"FAPU"},{"name":"USDA_ID","value":"646"},{"name":"Unit","value":"g"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polyunsaturated_Fatty_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:26208"}]}}{"C1633":{"preferredName":"Polyvalent Melanoma Vaccine","code":"C1633","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of whole irradiated heterologous melanoma cells which express multiple melanoma-related antigens. Polyvalent melanoma vaccine may stimulate an antitumoral cytotoxic T-cell immune response in the host, resulting in inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PMCV","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyvalent Melanoma Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyvalent Melanoma Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polyvalent Melanoma Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0299555"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43301"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43301"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polyvalent_Melanoma_Vaccine"}]}}{"C72560":{"preferredName":"Pomalidomide","code":"C72560","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of prostate cancer, multiple myeloma, and other types of cancer. Pomalidomide is a form of the drug thalidomide. It stops the growth of blood vessels, stimulates the immune system, and may kill cancer cells. Pomalidomide is a type of angiogenesis inhibitor and a type of immunomodulatory agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable derivative of thalidomide with potential immunomodulating, antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Although its exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, pomalidomide appears to inhibit TNF-alpha production, enhance the activity of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells and enhance antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). In addition, pomalidomide may inhibit tumor angiogenesis, promote cell cycle arrest in susceptible tumor cell populations, and stimulate erythropoeisis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Amino-N-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)phthalimide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Amino-2-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Aminothalidomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Actimid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-4047","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-4047","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Imnovid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"POMALIDOMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pomalidomide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pomalidomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pomalyst","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pomalidomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"16085014"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2347624"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"19171-19-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma after failure of highly active antiretroviral therapy and Kaposi sarcoma in adult patients who are HIV-negative"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D2UX06XLB5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653314"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"653314"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H11N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pomalidomide"}]}}{"C26665":{"preferredName":"Pomegranate Juice","code":"C26665","definitions":[{"description":"A natural juice isolated from the fruit of the plant Punica granatum with antioxidant, potential antineoplastic, and chemopreventive activities. Pomegranate juice contains flavonoids which promote differentiation and apoptosis in tumor cells by down-regulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stimulating migration inhibitory factor (MIF), thereby inhibiting angiogenesis. The flavonoids in pomegranate juice also scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, in some cell types, may prevent ROS-mediated cell injury and death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"POMEGRANATE JUICE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pomegranate Juice","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pomegranate Juice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327962"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"99S671U9KB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304321"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304321"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pomegranate_Juice"}]}}{"C78866":{"preferredName":"Pomegranate Liquid Extract","code":"C78866","definitions":[{"description":"A liquid extract preparation derived from pomegranate (Punica granatum) seeds with antioxidant, and potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Pomegranate liquid extract contains flavonoids which may promote differentiation and apoptosis in tumor cells by down-regulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stimulating migration inhibitory factor (MIF), thus inhibiting angiogenesis. Pomegranate liquid extract flavanoids also scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, in some cell types, may prevent ROS-mediated cell injury and death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dadima Fruit Water","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"POMEGRANATE FRUIT VOLATILE OIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pomegranate Liquid Extract","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pomegranate Liquid Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Punica granatum Fruit Volatile Oil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387635"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P52EO36K90"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613221"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613221"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pomegranate_Liquid_Extract"}]}}{"C95777":{"preferredName":"Ponatinib","code":"C95777","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Ponatinib inhibits unmutated and all mutated forms of Bcr-Abl, including T315I, the highly drug therapy-resistant missense mutation of Bcr-Abl. This agent also inhibits other tyrosine kinases including those associated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs); in addition, it inhibits the tyrosine kinase receptor TIE2 and FMS-related tyrosine kinase receptor-3 (Flt3). RTK inhibition by ponatinib may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis and may induce cell death. Bcr-Abl is a fusion tyrosine kinase encoded by the Philadelphia chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP-24534","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP24534","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, 3-(2-Imidazo(1,2-B)Pyridazin-3-Ylethynyl)-4-Methyl-N-(4-((4-Methyl-1- Piperazinyl)Methyl)-3-(Trifluoromethyl)Phenyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PONATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ponatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987417"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"943319-70-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4340891KFS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H27F3N6O"}]}}{"C78194":{"preferredName":"Ponatinib Hydrochloride","code":"C78194","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of an orally bioavailable multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Ponatinib inhibits unmutated and all mutated forms of Bcr-Abl, including T315I, the highly drug therapy-resistant missense mutation of Bcr-Abl. This agent also inhibits other tyrosine kinases including those associated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs); in addition, it inhibits the tyrosine kinase receptor TIE2 and FMS-related tyrosine kinase receptor-3 (Flt3). RTK inhibition by ponatinib may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis and may induce cell death. Bcr-Abl is a fusion tyrosine kinase encoded by the Philadelphia chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP24534 HCl","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, 3-(2-Imidazo(1,2-B)Pyridazin-3-Ylethynyl)-4-Methyl-N-(4-((4-Methyl-1- Piperazinyl)Methyl)-3-(Trifluoromethyl)Phenyl)-, Hydrochloride (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iclusig","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PONATINIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ponatinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ponatinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981174"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1114544-31-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"96R6PU3D8J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595060"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595060"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H27F3N6O.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Multitargeted_Receptor_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_AP24534"}]}}{"C146853":{"preferredName":"Porcupine Inhibitor CGX1321","code":"C146853","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic, protective and regenerative activities. Upon oral administration, PORCN inhibitor CGX1321 specifically targets and binds to PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), thereby inhibiting the post-translational palmitoylation and secretion of Wnt ligands, thus preventing the activation of Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibiting cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. In addition, by inhibiting the secretion of Wnt ligands and preventing Wnt-mediated signaling, CGX1321 may also limit fibrosis and promote regeneration of certain tissues upon cell injury. PORCN catalyzes the palmitoylation of Wnt ligands, and plays a key role in Wnt ligand secretion. Wnt signaling is dysregulated in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. It also plays a key role in tissue regeneration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGX 1321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGX-1321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGX1321","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PORCN Inhibitor CGX1321","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor CGX1321","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor CGX1321","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WNT Signaling Inhibitor CGX1321","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WTN Inhibitor CGX1321","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544835"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792268"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792268"}]}}{"C123830":{"preferredName":"Porcupine Inhibitor ETC-1922159","code":"C123830","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ETC-1922159 binds to and inhibits PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which blocks post-translational palmitoylation of Wnt ligands and inhibits their secretion. This prevents the activation of Wnt ligands, interferes with Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibits cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. Porcupine catalyzes the palmitoylation of Wnt ligands, and plays a key role in Wnt ligand secretion. Wnt signaling is dysregulated in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETC-159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETC-1922159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PORCN Inhibitor ETC-1922159","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor ETC-1922159","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor ETC-1922159","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498223"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775936"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775936"}]}}{"C156701":{"preferredName":"Porcupine Inhibitor RXC004","code":"C156701","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RXC004 binds to and inhibits PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which blocks post-translational acylation of Wnt ligands and inhibits their secretion. This prevents the activation of Wnt ligands, interferes with Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibits cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. Porcupine, a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT), is required for the palmitoylation of Wnt ligands, and plays a key role in Wnt ligand secretion and activity. Wnt signaling is dysregulated in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor RXC004","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXC 004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXC-004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXC004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935870"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795722"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795722"}]}}{"C116860":{"preferredName":"Porcupine Inhibitor WNT974","code":"C116860","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, WNT974 binds to and inhibits PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which blocks post-translational acylation of Wnt ligands and inhibits their secretion. This prevents the activation of Wnt ligands, interferes with Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibits cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. Porcupine, a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT), is required for the palmitoylation of Wnt ligands, and plays a key role in Wnt ligand secretion and activity. Wnt signaling is dysregulated in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(2,3-Dimethyl-[2,4-bipyridin]-5-yl)-N-(5-(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGK974","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PORCN inhibitor LGK974","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor WNT974","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor WNT974","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WNT974","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3851400"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700477"}]}}{"C1071":{"preferredName":"Porfimer Sodium","code":"C1071","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat some types of cancer. When absorbed by cancer cells and exposed to light, porfimer sodium becomes active and kills the cancer cells. It is a type of photodynamic therapy agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt of a mixture of oligomers formed by ether and ester linkages of up to eight porphyrin units with photodynamic activity. Absorbed selectively by tumor cells, porfimer produces oxygen radicals after activation by 630 nm wavelength laser light, resulting in tumor cell cytotoxicity. In addition, tumor cell death may occur due to ischemic necrosis secondary to vascular occlusion that appears to be partly mediated by the release of thromboxane A2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CL-184116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DHE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihematoporphyrin Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihematoporphyrin Ether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PORFIMER SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Photofrin II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Photofrin II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Porfimer Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Porfimer Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dihematoporphyrin ether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"porfimer sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"603062"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"265328"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524033"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"87806-31-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Photosensitizer, bladder, esophagel, gastric, lung and rectal cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y3834SIK5F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40294"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40294"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"(C34H35N4NaO5)n.(C34H33N4NaO4)n"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Porfimer_Sodium"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:60773"}]}}{"C763":{"preferredName":"Porfiromycin","code":"C763","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called anticancer antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An N-methyl derivative of the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces ardus and other Streptomyces bacterial species. Bioreduced porfiromycin generates oxygen radicals and alkylates DNA, producing interstrand cross-links and single-strand breaks, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Porfiromycin is preferentially toxic to hypoxic cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Azirino[2',3':3,4]pyrrolo[1, 2-a]indole-4,7-dione, 6-amino-1,1a,2,8,8a, 8b-hexahydro-8-(hydroxymethyl)-8a- methoxy-1,5-dimethyl-, carbamate (ester) (8CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Azirino[2',3':3,4]pyrrolo[1, 2-a]indole-4,7-dione, 6-amino-1,1a,2,8,8a, 8b-hexahydro-8-(hydroxymethyl)-8a- methoxy-1,5-dimethyl-, carbamate (ester)(8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Azirino[2',3':3,4]pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole-4,7-dione, 6-amino-8-[[(aminocarbonyl)oxy]methyl]-1,1a,2,8,8a,8b- hexahydro-8a-methoxy-1,5-dimethyl-,[1aR-(1a.alpha.,8.beta., 8a.alpha.,8b.alpha.)]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Azirino[2',3':3,4]pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole-4,7-dione, 6-amino-8-[[(aminocarbonyl)oxy]methyl]-1,1a,2,8,8a,8b-hexahydro-8a-methoxy-1,5-dimethyl-,[1aR-(1a-alpha,8beta, 8a-alpha,8b-alpha)]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENT-50825","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENT-50825","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MITOMYCIN, METHYL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Methyl Mitomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl Mitomycin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl mitomycin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Methylmitomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitomycin, methyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-Methylmitomycin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-methylmitomycin C","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PORFIROMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Porfiromycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Porfiromycine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Porfiromycine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Porphyromycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Porphyromycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Promycin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-14,743","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-14743","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[1aS-(1a alpha,8beta,8a alpha,8b alpha)]-6-amino-8-[[(aminocarbonyl)oxy]methyl]-1,1a,2,8,8a,8b-hexahydro-8a-methoxy-1,5-dimethylazirino[2',3':3,4]pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole-4,7-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"porfiromycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"56410"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032697"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"801-52-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H1WK901OA6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39610"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39610"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H20N4O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Porfiromycin"}]}}{"C98838":{"preferredName":"Poziotinib","code":"C98838","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, quinazoline-based, irreversible pan-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or HER) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, poziotinib inhibits EGFR (HER1 or ErbB1), HER2 and HER4, thereby inhibiting proliferation of tumor cells in which these receptors are overexpressed and/or mutated. EGFRs, cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cell types, play key roles in cellular proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HM781-36","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOV120101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"POZIOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Poziotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Poziotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3180480"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1092364-38-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OEI6OOU6IK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715507"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715507"}]}}{"C2235":{"preferredName":"PR1 Leukemia Peptide Vaccine","code":"C2235","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing PR1, a 9 amino-acid human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 restricted peptide derived from proteinase 3, with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Vaccination with PR1 leukemia peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing proteinase 3, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Often overexpressed in leukemic cells, proteinase 3 is a serine proteinase that activates progelatinase A and is involved in angiogenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leukemia Peptide Vaccine, PR1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PR1 LEUKEMIA PEPTIDE VACCINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PR1 Leukemia Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PR1 Leukemia Peptide Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proteinase 3:PR1 Peptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"698102"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879440"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"54XUF2TZ7G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37873"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37873"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PR1_Leukemia_Peptide_Vaccine"}]}}{"C71708":{"preferredName":"Pracinostat","code":"C71708","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. SB939 blocks the action of an enzyme called histone deacetylase (HDAC) and may stop tumor cells from dividing. It is a type of HDAC inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally available, small-molecule histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Pracinostat inhibits HDACs, which may result in the accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling; the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes; the tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division; and, finally, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may possess improved metabolic, pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties compared to other HDAC inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-propenamide, 3-(2-butyl-1-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-1h-benzimidazol-5-yl)-N-hydroxy-, (2E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor SB939","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRACINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pracinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pracinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB939","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB939","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"kaempferol 3-o-beta-d-(6-E-P-coumaroylglucoside)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467801"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"929016-96-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GPO2JN4UON"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"559644"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"559644"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H30N4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HDAC_Inhibitor_SB939"}]}}{"C2250":{"preferredName":"Pralatrexate","code":"C2250","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used in the treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (a fast-growing form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma). It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Pralatrexate may block the growth of cancer cells and cause them to die. It is a type of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A folate analogue inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) exhibiting high affinity for reduced folate carrier-1 (RFC-1) with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Pralatrexate selectively enters cells expressing RFC-1; intracellularly, this agent is highly polyglutamylated and competes for the folate binding site of DHFR, blocking tetrahydrofolate synthesis, which may result in depletion of nucleotide precursors; inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis; and apoptotic tumor cell death. Efficient intracellular polyglutamylation of pralatrexate results in higher intracellular concentrations compared to non-polyglutamylated pralatrexate, which is more readily effuxed by the MRP (multidrug resistance protein) drug efflux pump. RFC-1, an oncofetal protein expressed at highest levels during embryonic development, may be over-expressed on the cell surfaces of various cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S)-2-[[4-[(1RS)-1-[(2, 4-Diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl]but-3-ynyl]benzoyl]amino]pentanedioic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"10-Propargyl-10-Deazaaminopterin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"FOLOTYN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Folotyn","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-{1-[(2,4-Diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl]but-3-yn-1-yl}benzoyl)-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRALATREXATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pralatrexate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pralatrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pralatrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879404"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"146464-95-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A8Q8I19Q20"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37828"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37828"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_10-Propargyl-10-Deazaaminopterin"}]}}{"C128029":{"preferredName":"PRAME-targeting T-cell Receptor/Inducible Caspase 9 BPX-701","code":"C128029","definitions":[{"description":"Human allogeneic T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a high-affinity T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-01-restricted, preferentially-expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) and containing the chemical induction of dimerization (CID) suicide/safety switch, composed of a drug binding domain coupled to the signaling domain of the suicide enzyme caspase-9, with potential antineoplastic activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are isolated from a patient, transduced with an anti-PRAME-HLA-A2 restricted TCR, expanded ex vivo, and reintroduced into the HLA-A2-positive patient. Upon reintroduction, PRAME-targeting T-cell receptor-based therapy BPX-701 binds to tumor cells expressing PRAME, which may induce cell death in and halt the growth of PRAME-expressing cancer cells. The tumor-associated antigen PRAME is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types. If potential T-cell toxicity due to graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) occurs, the chemical dimerizer rimiducid (AP1903) can be adminstered. Rimiducid binds to the drug binding domain expressed by the BPX-701 T-cells, and triggers activation of the caspase-9 domain, which leads to caspase 9-mediated signaling, the induction of apoptosis and to selective and complete elimination of BPX-701 cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BPX-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CaspaCID-based PRAME-TCR Allogeneic T-lymphocytes BPX-701","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRAME-targeting T-cell Receptor/Inducible Caspase 9 BPX-701","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507923"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781247"}]}}{"C29375":{"preferredName":"Pravastatin Sodium","code":"C29375","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to lower the amount of cholesterol in the blood and to prevent stroke and heart attack. It is also being studied in the treatment of cancer and other conditions. Pravastatin sodium blocks an enzyme that helps make cholesterol in the body. It may also make tumor cells more sensitive to anticancer drugs. It is a type of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, a type of statin, and a type of chemosensitizer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt of pravastatin with cholesterol-lowering and potential antineoplastic activities. Pravastatin competitively inhibits hepatic hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels, and modulates immune responses by suppressing MHC II (major histocompatibility complex II) on interferon gamma-stimulated, antigen-presenting cells such as human vascular endothelial cells. In addition, pravastatin, like other statins, exhibits pro-apoptotic, growth inhibitory, and pro-differentiation activities in a variety of tumor cells; these antineoplastic activities may be due, in part, to inhibition of the isoprenylation of Ras and Rho GTPases and related signaling cascades.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PRAVASTATIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pravastatin Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pravastatin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Pravastatin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pravastatin sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700474"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"81131-70-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3M8608UQ61"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"424450"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"424450"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H35O7.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pravastatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8361"}]}}{"C768":{"preferredName":"Prednimustine","code":"C768","definitions":[{"description":"The prednisolone ester of chlorambucil and nitrogen mustard alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity. Prednimustine itself is not cytotoxic, however, it becomes cytotoxic upon hydrolysis by serum esterases to chlorambucil. Therefore, the increased potency of prednimustine is linked to the prolonged availability of free chlorambucil.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11beta,17,21-trihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 21-[4-[p-[bis(3-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]butyrate]","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"11beta-21-[4-[4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]-1-oxobutoxy]-11,17-dihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorambucil Prednisolone Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEO-1031","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leo 1031","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PREDNIMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Prednimustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednimustine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 11-beta,17,21-trihydroxy-,21-(4-(p-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)butyrate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sterecyt","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sterecyt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Stereocyt","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"171345"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"134087"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032949"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"29069-24-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9403SIO2S8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39560"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39560"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C35H45Cl2NO6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Prednimustine"}]}}{"C769":{"preferredName":"Prednisolone","code":"C769","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that lessens inflammation and suppresses the body's immune response. It may also kill cancer cells. Prednisolone is used to treat disorders in many organ systems and to treat the symptoms of several types of leukemia and lymphoma. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Prednisolone is a type of therapeutic glucocorticoid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. After cell surface receptor attachment and cell entry, prednisolone enters the nucleus where it binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors, resulting in an altered gene expression and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production. This agent also decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes, induces cell differentiation, and stimulates apoptosis in sensitive tumor cells populations. 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Allergic conditions; Hematologic conditions; Neoplastic conditions; Autoimmune conditions; Replacement therapy in adrenal insufficiency"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9PHQ9Y1OLM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43296"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43296"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H28O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Prednisolone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8378"}]}}{"C1202":{"preferredName":"Prednisolone Acetate","code":"C1202","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt form of prednisolone, a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. As a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, prednisolone acetate binds to specific intracellular glucocorticoid receptors, and causes the ligand-receptor complex to be translocated to the nucleus where it initiates the transcription of glucocorticoid-responsive genes such as various cytokines and lipocortins. Lipocortins inhibit phospholipase A2, thereby blocking the release of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids and preventing the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes, both potent mediators of inflammation. This agent also decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes, induces cell differentiation, and stimulates apoptosis in sensitive tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ak-Tate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Articulose-50","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balpred","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deltacortilen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deltastab","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Di-Adreson-F","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diopred","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Econopred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Econopred","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Flo-Pred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexacortone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrocortancyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inf-Oph","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflanefran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Key-Pred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Locaseptil-Neo","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ophtho-Tate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PREDNISOLONE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pred Fort","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pred Forte","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pred Forte","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Pred Mild","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pred Mild","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Predaject","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predalone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predate","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predcor","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednefrin SF","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predni-H","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predni-POS","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednihexal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predniocil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednisolone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednisolone acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"10966"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0071839"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52-21-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8B2807733D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H30O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Prednisolone_Acetate"}]}}{"C1402":{"preferredName":"Prednisolone Sodium Phosphate","code":"C1402","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium phosphate salt form of prednisolone, a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. As a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, prednisolone sodium phosphate binds to specific intracellular glucocorticoid receptors, and causes the ligand- receptor complex to be translocated to the nucleus where it initiates the transcription of glucocorticoid-responsive genes such as various cytokines and lipocortins. Lipocortins inhibit phospholipase A2, thereby blocking the release of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids and preventing the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes, both potent mediators of inflammation. This agent also decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes, induces cell differentiation, and stimulates apoptosis in sensitive tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ak-Pred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflamase","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Key-Pred SP","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Millipred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orapred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orapred ODT","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PREDNISOLONE SODIUM PHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pediapred","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polypred","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predmix","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednabene","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednesol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednisol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednisolone Sodium Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednisolone Sodium Phosphate ODT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predsol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Veripred 20","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0138273"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"125-02-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IV021NXA9J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H27O8P.2Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Prednisolone_Sodium_Phosphate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8379"}]}}{"C770":{"preferredName":"Prednisone","code":"C770","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to lessen inflammation and lower the body's immune response. It is used with other drugs to treat leukemia and lymphoma and other types of cancer. It is also used alone or with other drugs to prevent or treat many other conditions. These include conditions related to cancer, such as anemia (a low level of red blood cells), allergic reactions, and loss of appetite. Prednisone is a type of therapeutic glucocorticoid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. After cell surface receptor attachment and cell entry, prednisone enters the nucleus where it binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors, resulting in an altered gene expression and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production. This agent also decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes, induces cell differentiation, and stimulates apoptosis in sensitive tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":".delta.1-Cortisone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1, 2-Dehydrocortisone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,2-Dehydrocortisone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17,21-Dihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,11,20-trione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adasone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortancyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dacortin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dacortin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DeCortin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Decortisyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Decortisyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Decorton","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Decorton","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Delta 1-Cortisone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Delta-Dome","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Delta-Dome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Deltacortene","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deltacortisone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Deltacortisone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deltadehydrocortisone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deltasone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Deltison","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deltison","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Deltra","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deltra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Econosone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liquid Pred","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lisacort","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lisacort","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Meprosona-F","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metacortandracin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Metacortandracin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meticorten","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meticorten","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ofisolona","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orasone","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orasone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PRED","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PREDNISONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Panafcort","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panasol-S","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paracort","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paracort","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Perrigo Prednisone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predeltin","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predicor","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predicorten","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednicen-M","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednicen-M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Prednicort","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednidib","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednilonga","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednilonga","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Predniment","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednisone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prednisone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Prednisone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednisone Intensol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednisone Intensol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednisonum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prednitone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Promifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rayos","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SK-Prednisone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Servisone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Servisone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sk-Prednisone","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sterapred","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"prednisone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"10023"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032952"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53-03-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Inflammatory conditions; 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Upon administration, prexasertib selectively binds to chk1, thereby preventing activity of chk1 and abrogating the repair of damaged DNA. This may lead to an accumulation of damaged DNA and may promote genomic instability and apoptosis. Prexasertib may potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Chk1, a serine/threonine kinase, mediates cell cycle checkpoint control and is essential for DNA repair and plays a key role in resistance to chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyrazinecarbonitrile, 5-((5-(2-(3-Aminopropoxy)-6-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2606368","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PREXASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Prexasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prexasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984213"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1234015-52-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"820NH671E6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673506"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673506"}]}}{"C91736":{"preferredName":"Prexigebersen","code":"C91736","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation containing the antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, liposome-incorporated Grb2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide binds directly to and blocks Grb2 mRNA, thereby preventing Grb2 protein synthesis, leading to inhibition of cell proliferation of cancer cells overexpressing Grb2. Grb2, an adaptor protein involved in growth signaling pathways, is upregulated in certain tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BP-100-1.01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Grb2 AS ODN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome-Incorporated Grb2 Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposome-Incorporated Grb2 Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PREXIGEBERSEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Prexigebersen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421657"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"202484-91-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8W1O4Y961B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681815"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681815"}]}}{"C85465":{"preferredName":"Eprenetapopt","code":"C85465","definitions":[{"description":"A methylated derivative and structural analog of PRIMA-1 (p53 re-activation and induction of massive apoptosis), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, eprenetapopt covalently modifies the core domain of mutated forms of cellular tumor antigen p53 (p53) through the alkylation of thiol groups. These modifications restore both the wild-type conformation and function to mutant p53, which reconstitutes endogenous p53 activity, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells. This agent may work synergistically with other antineoplastic agents. p53, a tumor suppressor and transcription factor normally activated upon DNA damage, is frequently mutated and overexpressed in cancer cells; it plays a key role in both DNA repair and the induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APR-246","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPRENETAPOPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eprenetapopt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRIMA-1MET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830138"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5291-32-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z41TGB4080"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643796"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643796"}]}}{"C143059":{"preferredName":"Prime Cancer Vaccine MVA-BN-CV301","code":"C143059","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer priming vaccine consisting of a proprietary version of the recombinant vaccinia viral vector, modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN), encoding both the two human tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and mucin-1 (MUC-1), and TRICOM, which is comprised of the three human immune-enhancing co-stimulatory molecules B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration of MVA-BN-CV301, followed by multiple boosting doses of the fowlpox virus (FPV) vaccine CV301, a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA- and MUC-1-expressing tumor cells is activated. In addition, the CV301-dependent anti-tumor CTL response upregulates the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1); therefore, when CV301 is combined with a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitor, the antitumor effect may be increased. CEA and MUC-1 are overexpressed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MVA-BN Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-BN-CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prime Cancer Vaccine MVA-BN-CV301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prime Cancer Vaccine MVA-BN-CV301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prime Vaccine CV301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541455"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791888"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791888"}]}}{"C1811":{"preferredName":"Prinomastat","code":"C1811","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors. Prinomastat is a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic hydroxamic acid derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Prinomastat inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (specifically, MMP-2, 9, 13, and 14), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. As a lipophilic agent, prinomastat crosses the blood-brain barrier. 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Upon administration, GSK3368715 inhibits monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation of arginine-bearing substrates, including histones, estrogen receptors, RNA-binding proteins, and numerous non-histone substrates catalyzed by PRMT1. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion that is potentially driven by PRMT1 overexpression or dysregulation. PRMT1-mediated methylation plays a key role in the modulation of protein function, gene expression and cellular signaling. Dysregulation and overexpression of PRMT1 has been associated with a number of solid and hematopoietic cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK 3368715","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-3368715","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK3368715","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRMT1 Inhibitor GSK3368715","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PRMT1 Inhibitor GSK3368715","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 Inhibitor GSK3368715","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935878"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795836"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795836"}]}}{"C163980":{"preferredName":"Onametostat","code":"C163980","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration,onametostat selectively targets and irreversibly binds to the S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)- and substrate-binding pockets of the PRMT5/methylosome protein 50 (MEP50) complex, and inhibits its function. By inhibiting its methyltransferase activity, levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 are decreased. This modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes, including cellular proliferation. This may increase the expression of antiproliferative genes and/or decrease the expression of genes that promote cell proliferation, which may lead to decreased growth of rapidly proliferating cells, including cancer cells. PRMT5, a type II methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of both omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (sDMA) on histones and a variety of other protein substrates involved in signal transduction and cellular transcription, is overexpressed in several neoplasms. Elevated levels are associated with decreased patient survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ 64619178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-64619178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ64619178","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONAMETOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Onametostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRMT5 Inhibitor JNJ-64619178","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor JNJ-64619178","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977245"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2086772-26-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N8VKI8FPW0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799112"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799112"}]}}{"C133019":{"preferredName":"Proapoptotic Sulindac Analog CP-461","code":"C133019","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable second-generation selective apoptotic antineoplastic drug (SAAND) and analog of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) sulindac, with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CP-461 specifically binds to and blocks the activity of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-phosphodiesterase (cGMP-PDE), an enzyme that inhibits the normal apoptosis signal pathway. Inhibition of cGMP-PDE permits the apoptotic signal pathway to proceed unopposed, resulting in apoptotic cell death. cGMP-PDE is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types; therefore, CP-461 selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells, with minimal or no effect in healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Indene-3-acetamide, 5-Fluoro-2-methyl-N-(phenylmethyl)-1-(4-pyridinylmethylene)-, Monohydrochloride, (1Z)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEL 031","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP 461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-461","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CP461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI 461","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proapoptotic Sulindac Analog CP-461","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1101538"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"227619-96-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"68OJX9I7DT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354217"}]}}{"C62072":{"preferredName":"Procarbazine","code":"C62072","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug that is used to treat advanced Hodgkin lymphoma and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Procarbazine blocks cells from making proteins and damages DNA. It may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antineoplastic agent and a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A methylhydrazine derivative with antineoplastic and mutagenic activities. Although the exact mode of cytotoxicity has not been elucidated, procarbazine, after metabolic activation, appears to inhibit the trans-methylation of methionine into transfer RNA (t-RNA), thereby preventing protein synthesis and consequently DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent may also undergo auto-oxidation, resulting in the formation of cytotoxic free radicals which damage DNA through an alkylation reaction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzethyzin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ibenzmethyzin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(1-methylethyl)-4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-4-isopropylcarbamoylbenzyl-N'-methylhydrazine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Methylhydrazine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-isopropyl-alpha-(2-methylhydrazino)-p-toluamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROCARBAZINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Procarbazin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Procarbazine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Procarbazine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-(N'-methylhydrazinomethyl)-N-isopropylbenzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"procarbazine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0033223"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"671-16-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"35S93Y190K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H19N3O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Procarbazine_Base"}]}}{"C773":{"preferredName":"Procarbazine Hydrochloride","code":"C773","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat advanced Hodgkin lymphoma and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Matulane blocks cells from making proteins and damages DNA. It may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antineoplastic agent and a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a methylhydrazine derivative with antineoplastic and mutagenic activities. Although the exact mode of cytotoxicity has not been elucidated, procarbazine, after metabolic activation, appears to inhibit the trans-methylation of methionine into transfer RNA (t-RNA), thereby preventing protein synthesis and consequently DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent may also undergo auto-oxidation, resulting in the formation of cytotoxic free radicals which damage DNA through an alkylation reaction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzamide, N-(1-methylethyl)-4-[(2-methylhydrazino) methyl]-, monohydrochloride (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ibenzmethyzine hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MIH hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"MIH hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Matulane","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Matulane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Matulane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-(1-methylethyl)-4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzamide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-4-isopropylcarbamoylbenzyl-N'-methylhydrazine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-isopropyl-alpha-(2-methylhydrazino)-p-toluamide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCI-C01810","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCI-C01810","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Natulan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Natulan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Natulanar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Natunalar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Natunalar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PCB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCB Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCB hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"PCZ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROCARBAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Procarbazine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Procarbazine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 4 6467/1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ro 4-6467/1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"benzamide, N-(1-methylethyl)-4-[(2-methylhydrazino) methyl]-, monohydrochloride (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-(N'-methylhydrazinomethyl)-N-isopropylbenzamide hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p-(N'-methylhydrazinomethyl)-N-isopropylbenzamide hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"p-Toluamide, N-isopropyl-.alpha.-(2-methylhydrazino)-, monohydrochloride (8CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"p-toluamide, N-isopropyl-alpha-(2-methylhydrazino)-, monohydrochloride (8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"procarbazine hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"77213"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205909"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"366-70-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Brain tumors; Hodgkins diseases; Non-Hodgkins lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XH0NPH5ZX8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41607"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41607"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H19N3O.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Procarbazine"}]}}{"C120318":{"preferredName":"Procaspase Activating Compound-1 VO-100","code":"C120318","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable procaspase activating compound-1 (PAC-1), with potential proapoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, VO-100 binds to and forms a chelating complex with zinc (Zn) ions inside cells, which prevents the binding of Zn ions to procaspase-3 (PC3) and abrogates the Zn-mediated inhibition of PC3. This allows for the proteolytic autoactivation of PC3 into the active form caspase-3. This results in the selective caspase-3-mediated induction of apoptosis and cell death in cancer cells. In addition, VO-100 is able to cross the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). PC3, a Zn-inhibited proenzyme, is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, while its expression is minimal in normal healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PAC-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAC-1 VO-100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Procaspase Activating Compound-1 VO-100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Procaspase Activating Compound-1 VO-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VO-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3889731"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768985"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768985"}]}}{"C95709":{"preferredName":"Prohibitin-Targeting Peptide 1","code":"C95709","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric, 25-mer peptide that targets prohibitin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Prohibitin-targeting peptide 1 (prohibitin-TP01) consists of a fat-targeting motif (CKGGRAKDC), two repeats of a proapoptotic peptide motif (KLAKLAK) and a GG linker. This peptide binds specifically to prohibitin in the white adipose vasculature; upon receptor-mediated cell internalization, the ligand/receptor complex triggers apoptosis and results in ablation of white fat. Destruction of white fat may potentially have positive consequences for men with prostate cancer since a high level of white fat has been implicated as a critical contributing factor in poor prostate cancer outcome. Prohibitin, a multifunctional membrane-associated protein that is thought to regulate cell survival and growth, has been shown by immunohistochemical analysis to be expressed in the membrane of endothelial cells in white adipose tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Prohibitin-TP01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prohibitin-Targeting Peptide 1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prohibitin-Targeting Peptide 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"15133506"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428174"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691802"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691802"}]}}{"C129689":{"preferredName":"Prostaglandin E2 EP4 Receptor Inhibitor AN0025","code":"C129689","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor type 4 (EP4; EP-4), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, AN0025 selectively targets, binds to and blocks the activity of immunosuppressive tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs) in the microenvironment. This abolishes TAMC-dependent immunosuppression and reduces tumor cell proliferation. The presence of immunosuppressive myeloid cells in certain tumors is associated with a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AN 0025","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AN-0025","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AN0025","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E 7046","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E-7046","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7046","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP4 Antagonist E7046","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP4 Inhibitor E7046","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostaglandin E EP4 Receptor Antagonist E7046","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostaglandin E2 EP4 Receptor Inhibitor AN0025","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prostaglandin E2 EP4 Receptor Inhibitor AN0025","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507851"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792739"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792739"}]}}{"C71723":{"preferredName":"Prostate Cancer Vaccine ONY-P1","code":"C71723","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based vaccine derived from prostate cancer with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Prostate cancer vaccine ONY-P1 is derived from three irradiated allogeneic prostate cancer cell lines that represent different stages of prostate cancer and express a broad range of prostate and prostate cancer antigens. Upon administration, this vaccine may stimulate a host immune response against prostate cancer cells; in the vaccination schedule, the first two vaccinations are co-administered with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) as an adjuvant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ONY-P1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onyvax-P","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Cancer Vaccine ONY-P1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1667068"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561135"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Prostate_Cancer_Vaccine_ONY-P1"}]}}{"C77860":{"preferredName":"Prostate Health Cocktail Dietary Supplement","code":"C77860","definitions":[{"description":"A dietary supplement consisting of a blend of 8 natural ingredients with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. This dietary supplement contains vitamin D3 (as cholecalciferol), vitamin E (as d-alpha tocopherol), selenium (as L-selenomethionine), epigallocatechin (green tea extract), saw palmetto (berry extract), lycopene, and the isoflavonoids daidzein and genistein. This combination preparation may decrease prostate cell growth and inhibit prostate carcinogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cholecalciferol/d-Alpha Tocopherol/L-Selenomethionine/Green Tea Extract/Saw Palmetto Berry Extract/Daidzein/Genistein/Lycopene Prostate Health Supplement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHC","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Health Cocktail","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Health Cocktail Dietary Supplement","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prostate Health Cocktail Dietary Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383736"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596155"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596155"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Prostate_Health_Cocktail_Dietary_Supplement"}]}}{"C2548":{"preferredName":"Prostatic Acid Phosphatase-Sargramostim Fusion Protein PA2024","code":"C2548","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically-engineered protein formed by the fusion of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and sargramostim (GM-CSF). Vaccination with antigen-presenting cells (APC) loaded with prostatic acid phosphatase-sargramostim fusion protein may elicit a cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells that express PAP. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PA2024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROSTATIC ACID PHOSPHATASE (PAP)-GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR (GM-CSF) FUSION PROTEIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Prostatic Acid Phosphatase-Sargramostim Fusion Protein PA2024","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prostatic Acid Phosphatase-Sargramostim Fusion Protein PA2024","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879585"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N5E5Q8249O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38040"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38040"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Prostatic_Acid_Phosphatase-Sargramostim_Fusion_Protein"}]}}{"C132192":{"preferredName":"Pacmilimab","code":"C132192","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant antibody prodrug composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; B7-H1; CD274) that is linked to a proprietary masking peptide through a protease-cleavable linker on the amino terminus of the light chain domain of the antibody, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of pacmilimab, the linkage system is stable in the circulation and, upon extravasation into the tumor microenvironment, the peptide mask is cleaved by tumor-associated proteases. These proteases are present in high concentrations and aberrantly activated in the tumor microenvironment, while expressed as inactive forms, at much lower concentrations, in normal, healthy tissue. Protease cleavage of the linker enables binding of the unmasked, fully active monoclonal antibody moiety of CX-072 to PD-L1, which is over expressed on certain cancer cells. This blocks the binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) on T-lymphocytes, thereby enhancing the T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immune response and reversing PD-L1/PD-1-mediated T-cell suppression. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. Compared to the unmodified PD-L1 antibody, peptide masking of CX-072 minimizes binding to PD-L1 in normal tissues, thereby decreasing autoimmune-based side effects while retaining anti-tumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CX 072","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-072","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PACMILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PD-L1 Probody Therapeutic CX-072","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pacmilimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pacmilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Probody CX-072","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520194"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2101273-62-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZXP96ZI2RA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787226"}]}}{"C142177":{"preferredName":"Pemrametostat","code":"C142177","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, selective small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Although the mechanism of action has not been completely determined, pemrametostat binds to the substrate recognition site of PRMT5 following oral administration and inhibits its methyltransferase activity, which decreases the levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 and modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes, including cell proliferation. Therefore, this agent may increase the expression of antiproliferative genes and/or decrease the expression of genes that promote cell proliferation and may lead to decreased growth of rapidly proliferating cells, including cancer cells. PRTM5, an arginine methyltransferase that can catalyze the formation of both omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and symmetrical dimethylarginine (sDMA) on histones and a variety of other protein substrates, is overexpressed in several neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPZ015938","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-3326595","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK3326595","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEMRAMETOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PRMT5 Inhibitor GSK3326595","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pemrametostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pemrametostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor GSK3326595","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540166"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1616392-22-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VXT8SZ6875"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791458"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791458"}]}}{"C158100":{"preferredName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PF-06939999","code":"C158100","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 (histone-arginine N-methyltransferase PRMT5; PRMT5) with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Although the mechanism of action has not yet been fully elucidated, orally administered PRMT5 inhibitor PF-06939999 inhibits the methyltransferase activity of PRMT5, thereby decreasing the levels of monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3, and H4, and modulating the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes including cell proliferation. This may increase the expression of antiproliferative genes and/or decrease the expression of genes that promote cell proliferation, and may decrease the growth of rapidly proliferating cells, including cancer cells. PRTM5, an arginine methyltransferase that can catalyze the formation of both omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and symmetrical dimethylarginine (sDMA) on histones and a variety of other protein substrates, is overexpressed in several neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PF 06939999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06939999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF06939999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRMT5 Inhibitor PF-06939999","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PF-06939999","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PF-06939999","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937738"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797355"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797355"}]}}{"C162454":{"preferredName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PRT543","code":"C162454","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action has not been completely determined, upon oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor PRT543 selectively binds to the substrate recognition site of PRMT5 and inhibits its methyltransferase activity. This decreases the levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 and modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes, including cellular proliferation. As a result, PRT543 may increase the expression of antiproliferative genes and/or decrease the expression of genes that promote cell proliferation, which may lead to decreased growth of rapidly proliferating cells, including cancer cells. PRTM5, an arginine methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of both omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (sDMA) on histones and a variety of other protein substrates, is overexpressed in several neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PRMT5 inhibitor PRT543","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRT 543","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRT-543","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRT543","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PRT543","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PRT543","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970998"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798738"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798738"}]}}{"C124796":{"preferredName":"Darovasertib","code":"C124796","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor with potential immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, darovasertib inds to and inhibits PKC, which prevents the activation of PKC-mediated signaling pathways. This may lead to the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. PKC, a serine/threonine protein kinase overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells, is involved in tumor cell differentiation, proliferation, invasion and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DAROVASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Darovasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Darovasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDE 196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDE-196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDE196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LXS196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PKC Inhibitor IDE196","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Kinase C Inhibitor IDE196","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Kinase C Inhibitor LXS196","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503026"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1874276-76-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E0YF0M8O09"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777033"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777033"}]}}{"C106430":{"preferredName":"Protein Phosphatase 2A Inhibitor LB-100","code":"C106430","definitions":[{"description":"A water soluble inhibitor of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), with potential chemo- and radiotherapy enhancing activity. Upon injection, PP2A inhibitor LB-100 inhibits the removal of phosphate groups from proteins essential for cell cycle progression. When used with radio- or chemotherapy treatment, this agent prevents the activation of PP2A-mediated repair mechanisms and allows for malignant cells to progress through the cell cycle without having their damaged DNA repaired. This enhances the cytotoxic effect of the chemotherapeutic or radiotherapeutic agent and results in tumor cell apoptosis. PP2A, a serine/threonine phosphatase that plays a key role in the control of cell growth and DNA damage repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LB-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PP2A Inhibitor LB-100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Phosphatase 2A Inhibitor LB-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827105"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749984"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749984"}]}}{"C90534":{"preferredName":"Protein Stabilized Liposomal Docetaxel Nanoparticles","code":"C90534","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation containing protein-stabilized liposome nanoparticles encapsulating the poorly water-soluble, second-generation taxane analog docetaxel with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds to and stabilizes the beta-tubulin subunit, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and displays immunomodulatory and pro-inflammatory properties by inducing various mediators of the inflammatory response. Compared to the use of toxic carriers to increase solubilization of docetaxel, protein-stabilized liposomal docetaxel improves drug solubility while avoiding carrier-associated toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATI-1123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Stabilized Liposomal Docetaxel Nanoparticles","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Protein Stabilized Liposomal Docetaxel Nanoparticles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413616"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663670"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663670"}]}}{"C130036":{"preferredName":"Proxalutamide","code":"C130036","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, proxalutamide binds to AR in target tissues, inhibits androgen-induced receptor activation, and facilitates the formation of inactive complexes that cannot translocate to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes that regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation. In addition, proxalutamide induces AR downregulation, thereby further preventing AR-mediated signaling. This ultimately leads to an inhibition of growth in AR-expressing prostate cancer cells. AR is overexpressed in prostate cancer and plays a key role in prostate cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GT-0918","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GT-0918","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"GT0918","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proxalutamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4043276"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1398046-21-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QX6O64GP40"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784935"}]}}{"C114289":{"preferredName":"PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF Vaccine","code":"C114289","definitions":[{"description":"A prostate cancer vaccine containing prostate specific antigen (PSA) combined with the cytokines, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal vaccination, PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF vaccine may activate the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against prostate cancer cells expressing this antigen, thereby decreasing tumor cell growth. PSA, a glycoprotein secreted by prostatic epithelial and ductal cells, is overexpressed by prostate cancer cells. IL-2 stimulates natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-cells against the PSA-expressing tumor cells. GM-CSF promotes antigen presentation to dendritic cells and further stimulates a tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ProscaVax","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostatac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471798"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758104"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758104"}]}}{"C123283":{"preferredName":"PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmid INO-5150","code":"C123283","definitions":[{"description":"A plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular delivery and electroporation of the PSA/PSMA DNA plasmid INO-5150, both PSA and PSMA are translated in cells which then activate the immune system. This induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses against tumor cells expressing PSA and PSMA. This may result in both immune-mediated tumor cell death and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. PSA and PSMA are overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types. The DNA encoding the TAAs in INO-5150 is based on both human and other primate antigen gene sequences. As the plasmid genes differ from the human gene sequences encoding these antigens, INO-5150 may overcome immune tolerance to human TAAs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INO 5150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-5150","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmid INO-5150","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmid INO-5150","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSA/PSMA Synthetic DNA Vaccine INO-5150","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSA/PSMA-encoding DNA Plasmid INO-5150","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053631"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775020"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775020"}]}}{"C87389":{"preferredName":"Pseudoisocytidine","code":"C87389","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, pyrimidine C-5 nucleoside with antineoplastic activity. Pseudoisocytidine, after conversion into pseudoisocytidine triphosphate, is incorporated into DNA and RNA eventually halting tumor cell proliferation. Compared to 5-azacytidine and cytarabine, this agent shows enhanced stability and resistance to enzymatic deamination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 2-Amino-5-Beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-(Beta-D-Ribofuranosyl)Isocytosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSEUDOISOCYTIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pseudoisocytidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"psi Icyd","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0072540"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57100-18-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TDH73L8XQD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H13N3O5"}]}}{"C95892":{"preferredName":"PSMA-targeted Docetaxel Nanoparticles BIND-014","code":"C95892","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary preparation of polymeric nanoparticles containing the second-generation taxane docetaxel, targeted to prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), with antineoplastic activity. PSMA-targeted docetaxel nanoparticles BIND-014 carry docetaxel within a matrix of polylactic acid covered with a coating of polyethylene glycol; embedded on the surface of the polyethylene glycol coating are ligands targeted to PSMA. BIND-014 allows gradual release of docetaxel upon degradation of the polylactic acid, and the PEG encapsulation escapes the host immune response while PSMA ligands on the surface restrict the cytotoxic effect to PSMA-expressing cells. Docetaxel binds to and stabilizes the beta-tubulin subunit, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. PSMA is a cell-surface antigen that is abundantly present on the surface of cancer cells and on the neovasculature that feeds a wide variety of tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIND-014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA-targeted Docetaxel Nanoparticles BIND-014","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PSMA-targeted Docetaxel Nanoparticles BIND-014","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428289"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696293"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696293"}]}}{"C117291":{"preferredName":"PSMA-targeted Tubulysin B-containing Conjugate EC1169","code":"C117291","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable, water soluble, small molecule drug conjugate (SMDC) containing a ligand specific for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), conjugated via a stable, enzyme-cleavable linker to the cytotoxic agent tubulysin B hydrazide (TubBH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of PSMA-targeted tubulysin B-containing conjugate EC1169, the PSMA ligand specifically targets and binds to PSMA, a protein which is abundantly expressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells as well as on the neovasculature of many solid tumors. This allows for the specific delivery of TubBH to PSMA-expressing cancer cells. Upon internalization and cleavage, tubulysin B binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which blocks cell division and results in G2/M phase arrest, tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in PSMA-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EC1169","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC1719","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA-targeted Tubulysin B-containing Conjugate EC1169","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PSMA-targeted Tubulysin B-containing Conjugate EC1169","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474117"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763440"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763440"}]}}{"C156681":{"preferredName":"PSMA/CD3 Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN424","code":"C156681","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant antibody derivative composed of tri-specific T-cell activating construct (TriTAC) directed against the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA; FOLH1) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes and an albumin-binding domain, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, PSMA/CD3 tri-specific T-cell antibody construct HPN424 targets and binds PSMA on tumor cells and CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), thereby bringing PSMA-expressing tumor cells and CTLs together, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of PSMA-expressing tumor cells. The albumin-binding domain targets and binds to serum albumin, thereby extending the serum half-life of HPN424. PSMA is overexpressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 TriTAC HPN424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPN 424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPN-424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPN-424","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"HPN424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA/CD3 Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN424","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PSMA/CD3 Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN424","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA/CD3 TriTAC HPN424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA/CD3-specific TriTAC HPN424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TriTAC HPN424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935732"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZAA5KE2UAS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795833"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795833"}]}}{"C128266":{"preferredName":"PTEF-b/CDK9 Inhibitor BAY1251152","code":"C128266","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), the catalytic subunit of the RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) elongation factor positive transcription elongation factor b (PTEF- b; PTEFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BAY1251152 binds to and blocks the phosphorylation and kinase activity of CDK9, thereby preventing PTEFb-mediated activation of RNA Pol II and leading to the inhibition of gene transcription of various anti-apoptotic proteins. This may cause cell cycle arrest and induce apoptosis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. The protein complex PTEF-b, a heterodimer consisting of CDK9 and a regulatory cyclin subunit of the T family, is over-activated in various tumor cell types; it plays a key role in the regulation of Pol II-mediated transcription of anti-apoptotic proteins. Tumor cells are dependent on anti-apoptotic proteins for their survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 1251152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1251152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDK9 Inhibitor BAY1251152","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTEF-b Inhibitor BAY1251152","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTEF-b/CDK9 Inhibitor BAY1251152","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PTEF-b/CDK9 Inhibitor BAY1251152","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507865"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C153353":{"preferredName":"Pterostilbene","code":"C153353","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally-derived stilbenoid structurally related to resveratrol, with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, antineoplastic and cytoprotective activities. Upon administration, pterostilbene exerts its anti-oxidant activity by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby preventing oxidative stress and ROS-induced cell damage. It may also activate the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated pathway and increase the expression of various antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD). In addition, pterostilbene is able to inhibit inflammation by reducing the expression of various inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin (IL) 1beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenases (COX), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB). It also inhibits or prevents the activation of many signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis, and increases expression of various tumor suppressor genes while decreasing expression of certain tumor promoting genes. It also directly induces apoptosis in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3',5'-Dimethoxy-4-stilbenol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,5-Dimethoxy-4'-hydroxystilbene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTEROSTILBENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Phenol, 4-(2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)-, (E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pterostilbene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pterostilbene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trans-3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxystilbene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554454"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"537-42-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"26R60S6A5I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794141"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794141"}]}}{"C73239":{"preferredName":"Pumitepa","code":"C73239","definitions":[{"description":"A thiotepa derivative with potential antineoplastic alkylating activity. Although the exact mechanism of action of pumitepa has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to work through alkylation, thereby causing DNA damage and cell cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fopurin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PUMITEPA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pumitepa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0060632"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"42061-52-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7AYY495RE0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H19N8OP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pumitepa"}]}}{"C162555":{"preferredName":"Puquitinib","code":"C162555","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the delta form of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, puquitinib selectively binds to the ATP-binding pocket of PI3K-delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K-delta over-expressing tumor cells. PI3K-delta also plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and the proliferation of certain hematologic cancer cells. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells, thereby minimizing serious side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PUQUITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Puquitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XC-302 Free Base","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971126"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"916890-10-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WFG29AB872"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C162556":{"preferredName":"Puquitinib Mesylate","code":"C162556","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt of puquitinib, an orally available selective inhibitor of the delta form of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, puquitinib selectively binds to the ATP-binding pocket of PI3K-delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K-delta over-expressing tumor cells. PI3K-delta also plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and the proliferation of certain hematologic cancer cells. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells, thereby minimizing serious side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PUQUITINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Puquitinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XC-302 Anhydrous","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971077"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1018818-41-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z4NA6BNF2L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C787":{"preferredName":"Puromycin","code":"C787","definitions":[{"description":"An aminoglycoside antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces alboniger. Acting as an analog of the 3' terminal end of aminoacyl-tRNA, puromycin incorporates itself into a growing polypeptide chain and causes its premature termination, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. This agent has antimicrobial, antitrypanosomal, and antineoplastic properties; it is used as an antibiotic in cell culture. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenosine, 3'-((2-amino-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxopropyl)amino)-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyl-, (S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine, 3'-(alpha-amino-p-methoxyhydrocinnamamido)-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyl-, L-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL 16536","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-3'-(alpha-Amino-p-methoxyhydrocinnamamido)-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyladenosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-638","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PUROMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Puromicina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Puromycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Puromycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Puromycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Puromycine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Puromycinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stillomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stylomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"3055"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034145"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53-79-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4A6ZS6Q2CL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H29N7O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Puromycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17939"}]}}{"C75148":{"preferredName":"Puromycin Hydrochloride","code":"C75148","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of puromycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces alboniger. Acting as an analog of the 3' terminal end of aminoacyl-tRNA, puromycin incorporates itself into a growing polypeptide chain and causes its premature termination, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. This agent has antimicrobial, antitrypanosomal, and antineoplastic properties; it is used as an antibiotic in cell culture.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PUROMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Puromycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0282329"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58-58-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PGN54228S5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H29N7O5.2HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Puromycin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C53412":{"preferredName":"Rose Bengal Solution PV-10","code":"C53412","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable ten percent solution of rose bengal disodium, an iodinated fluorescein derivative, with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. When injected into tumor tissue, PV-10 specifically targets and concentrates in tumor cells, producing cytotoxic singlet oxygen when exposed to ionizing radiation. In addition, PV-10 may stimulate an anti-tumor immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4,5,6,7-Tetrachloro-2',4',5',7'-tetraiodofluorescein Disodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Injectable Rose Bengal 10%","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV-10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV-10","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Provecta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rose Bengal Disodium 10%","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rose Bengal Solution PV-10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709443"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"463937"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"463937"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PV-10"}]}}{"C71149":{"preferredName":"PVA Microporous Hydrospheres/Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C71149","definitions":[{"description":"An embolic material composed of microspheres of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymers loaded with doxorubicin hydrochloride with antineoplastic activity. Doxorubicin hydrochloride-loaded microspheres may be used as a drug delivery vehicle during embolization of tumor vasculature. Doxorubicin intercalates DNA, interferes with catalytic activity of topoisomerase II, and causes DNA adducts and other DNA damage, resulting in tumor cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. When used in tumor vasculature embolization, this preparation may provide more tumor-specific treatment with doxorubicin compared to the systemic administration of doxorubicin, thereby reducing the systemic toxicity of doxorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HepaSphere Microspheres/Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PVA Microporous Hydrospheres/Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PVA Microporous Hydrospheres/Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QuadraSphere Microspheres/Doxorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376223"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574045"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574045"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PVA_Microporous_Hydrospheres_Doxorubicin_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C29395":{"preferredName":"Pyrazinamide","code":"C29395","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic pyrazinoic acid amide derivative with bactericidal property. Pyrazinamide is particularly active against slowly multiplying intracellular bacilli (unaffected by other drugs) by an unknown mechanism of action. Its bactericidal action is dependent upon the presence of bacterial pyrazinamidase, which removes the amide group to produce active pyrazinoic acid. Pyrazinamide is an important component of multidrug therapy for tuberculosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PYRAZINAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pyrazinamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"14911"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034239"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"98-96-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2KNI5N06TI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"701809"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H5N3O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pyrazinamide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:45285"}]}}{"C1564":{"preferredName":"Pyrazoloacridine","code":"C1564","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called acridines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A 9-methoxy acridine compound containing a reducible 5-nitro substituent. Pyrazoloacridine appears to intercalate into DNA and inhibit RNA synthesis, DNA synthesis, and the activities of topoisomerases I and II, thereby causing cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PYRAZOLOACRIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pyrazoloacridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pyrazoloacridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pyrazoloacridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"366140"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280970"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L24XJN68OW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41418"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41418"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pyrazoloacridine"}]}}{"C1852":{"preferredName":"Pyridyl Cyanoguanidine CHS 828","code":"C1852","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is being studied as a treatment for solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyridyl cyanoguanidine that exhibits antitumor activity by an unknown mechanism. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHS 828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHS 828","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CHS-828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHS-828","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"N-(6-(4-Chlorophenoxy)hexyl)-N'-Cyano-N''-4-Pyridylcyanoguanidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyridyl Cyanoguanidine CHS 828","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18201551"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879285"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"200484-11-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8LAP87DNSZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43567"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43567"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CHS_828"}]}}{"C111895":{"preferredName":"Pyrotinib","code":"C111895","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, dual kinase inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or HER-1) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2 or HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pyrotinib binds to and inhibits both EGFR and HER2, which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumor cells. EGFR and HER2 are receptor tyrosine kinases that are upregulated in various tumor cell types and play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PYROTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pyrotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pyrotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454228"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CJN36EQM0H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753336"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753336"}]}}{"C162554":{"preferredName":"Pyrotinib Dimaleate","code":"C162554","definitions":[{"description":"The dimaleate ester of pyrotinib, an orally bioavailable, dual kinase inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, ErbB1 or HER-1) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2 or HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pyrotinib binds to and inhibits both EGFR and HER2, which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumor cells. EGFR and HER2 are receptor tyrosine kinases that are upregulated in various tumor cell types and play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PYROTINIB MALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pyrotinib Dimaleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyrotinib Maleate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-1258 Maleate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971127"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1397922-61-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"85KUE857XM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801532"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801532"}]}}{"C2801":{"preferredName":"Pyroxamide","code":"C2801","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called histone deacetylase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of hydroxamic acid with antineoplastic properties, Pyroxamide inhibits histone deacetylases involved in transcription; induces hyperacetylation of core histones, modulating chromatin structure and affecting transcription of some genes that inhibit tumor growth; and induces growth arrest and apoptosis. Pyroxamide is used in clinical studies for cancer chemotherapy. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PYROXAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pyroxamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Pyroxamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyroxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Suberoyl-3-aminopyridineamide Hydroxamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pyroxamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"696085"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0966748"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"382180-17-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"12N86DSS23"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"256405"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"256405"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pyroxamide"}]}}{"C67087":{"preferredName":"Pyruvate Kinase Inhibitor TLN-232","code":"C67087","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic cyclic heptapeptide with potential antineoplastic activity. Pyruvate kinase (PK) inhibitor TLN-232 targets pyruvate kinase M2 (M2PK), which may disrupt tumor cell anaerobic glycolysis. M2PK is a dimeric isoform of PK and the predominant PK isoform found in tumor cells","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAP-232","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyruvate Kinase Inhibitor TLN-232","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0531400"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536241"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536241"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CAP-232"}]}}{"C155882":{"preferredName":"Qilisheng Immunoregulatory Oral Solution","code":"C155882","definitions":[{"description":"An oral solution containing Spondias axillaris, Panax ginseng, schisandra berry, hawthorn, soybean and an as of yet not elucidated bacterium, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon oral administration of the qilisheng immunoregulatory oral solution, the ingredients in qilisheng may modulate the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Qilisheng","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Qilisheng Immunoregulatory Oral Solution","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Qilisheng Solution","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562700"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794790"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794790"}]}}{"C61087":{"preferredName":"Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) Recombinant Vaccine","code":"C61087","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine used to prevent cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancer caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 and genital warts caused by HPV types 6 and 11. It is also used to prevent lesions that are caused by these viruses and that can lead to cervical, vulvar, or vaginal cancer. Quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) recombinant vaccine is used in females aged 9-26 years. It is also used to prevent genital warts in males aged 9-26 years. Quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) recombinant vaccine is being studied in the treatment of other medical conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-infectious recombinant, quadrivalent vaccine prepared from the highly purified virus-like particles (VLPs) of the major capsid (L1) protein of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, and 18 with immunoprophylactic activity. L1 proteins are produced by separate fermentations in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae, self-assembled into VLPs, and adsorbed onto amorphous aluminium hydroxyphosphate sulfate adjuvant following purification. The immunoprophylactic efficacy of L1 VLP vaccines, such as quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6,11,16,18) recombinant vaccine, appear to be mediated by the development of humoral immune responses. HPV Types 16 and 18 account for approximately 70% of cervical cancers and HPV Types 6 and 11 account for approximately 90% of genital warts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gardasil","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gardasil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Quadrivalent HPV [Type 6, 11, 16 and 18] L1 Virus-Like Particle vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) Recombinant Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) Recombinant Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Quadrivalent Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) recombinant vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831799"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"476576"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"476576"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Quadrivalent_Human_Papillomavirus_Recombinant_Vaccine"}]}}{"C71726":{"preferredName":"Quarfloxin","code":"C71726","definitions":[{"description":"A fluoroquinolone derivative with antineoplastic activity. Quarfloxin disrupts the interaction between the nucleolin protein and a G-quadruplex DNA structure in the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) template, a critical interaction for rRNA biogenesis that is overexpressed in cancer cells; disruption of this G-quadruplex DNA:protein interaction in aberrant rRNA biogenesis may result in the inhibition of ribosome synthesis and tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3H-Benzo(b)pyrido(3,2,1-kl)phenoxazine-2-carboxamide, 5-fluoro-N-(2-((2S)- 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl)-3-oxo-6-(3-pyrazinyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-N-(2-((2S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)ethyl)-3-oxo-6-(3-(pyrazin-2- yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3H-benzo(b)pyrido(3,2,1-kl)phenoxazine-2-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-3543","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QUARFLOXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Quarfloxacin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Quarfloxin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Quarfloxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713025"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"865311-47-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8M31J5031Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558903"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558903"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C35H33FN6O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Quarfloxacin"}]}}{"C67059":{"preferredName":"Quinacrine Hydrochloride","code":"C67059","definitions":[{"description":"The dihydrochloride salt of the 9-aminoacridine derivative quinacrine with potential antineoplastic and antiparasitic activities. Quinacrine may inhibit the transcription and activity of both basal and inducible nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), which may result in the induction of tumor suppressor p53 transcription, the restoration of p53-dependent apoptotic pathways, and tumor cell apoptosis. Continuous NF-kappaB signaling, present in many tumors and in chronic inflammatory processes, promotes the expression of antiapoptotic proteins and cytokines while downregulating the expression of proapoptotic proteins, such as p53.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Chloro-9-((4-(diethylamino)-1-methylbutyl)amino)-2-methoxyacridine Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atabrine Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mepacrine Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QUINACRINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Quinacrine Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Quinacrine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Quinacrine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN 390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"14229"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550623"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6151-30-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G6242H2NAA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531122"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"531122"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H30ClN3O.2ClH.2H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Quinacrine_Dihydrochloride"}]}}{"C794":{"preferredName":"Quinine","code":"C794","definitions":[{"description":"A quinidine alkaloid isolated from the bark of the cinchona tree. Quinine has many mechanisms of action, including reduction of oxygen intake and carbohydrate metabolism; disruption of DNA replication and transcription via DNA intercalation; and reduction of the excitability of muscle fibers via alteration of calcium distribution. This agent also inhibits the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein which is overexpressed in multi-drug resistant tumors and may improve the efficacy of some antineoplastic agents. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Quinine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"QUIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QUININE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"QUININE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Quinine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"192949"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034417"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"130-95-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A7V27PHC7A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41253"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41253"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H24N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Quinine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15854"}]}}{"C77912":{"preferredName":"Quisinostat","code":"C77912","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, second-generation, hydroxamic acid-based inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) with potential antineoplastic activity. HDAC inhibitor JNJ-26481585 inhibits HDAC leading to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, which may result in an induction of chromatin remodeling; inhibition of the transcription of tumor suppressor genes; inhibition of tumor cell division; and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins. Compared to some first generation HDAC inhibitors, JNJ-26481585 may induce superior HSP70 upregulation and bcl-2 downregulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HDAC Inhibitor JNJ-26481585","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-26481585","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QUISINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Quisinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Quisinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703097"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"875320-29-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9BJ85K1J8S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596704"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596704"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H26N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HDAC_Inhibitor_JNJ-26481585"}]}}{"C68936":{"preferredName":"Quizartinib","code":"C68936","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Quizartinib selectively inhibits class III receptor tyrosine kinases, including FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3/STK1), colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R/FMS), stem cell factor receptor (SCFR/KIT), and platelet derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs), resulting in inhibition of ligand-independent leukemic cell proliferation and apoptosis. Mutations in FLT3, resulting in constitutive activation, are the most frequent genetic alterations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and occur in approximately one-third of AML cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2E)-N-(4-(3-Chloro-4-Fluoroanilino)-7-(((3S)-Oxolan-3-Yl)Oxy)Quinoxazolin-6-yl)-4-(Dimethylamino)but-2-Enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC-220","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC010220","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AC220","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5-tert-butyl-isoxazol-3-yl)-N'-{4-[7-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)imidazo [2,1-b] [1,3] benzothiazol 2-yl]phenyl}urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QUIZARTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Quizartinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Quizartinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Quizartinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2980091"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"950769-58-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7LA4O6Q0D3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C29H32N6O4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"FLT-3_Kinase_Inhibitor_AC220"}]}}{"C78348":{"preferredName":"R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid","code":"C78348","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable solvate of the R-(-) enantiomer of gossypol and acetic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. As a BH3 mimetic, R-(-)-gossypol binds to the hydrophobic surface binding groove BH3 of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, blocking their heterodimerization with pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins such as Bad, Bid, and Bim; this may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Racemic gossypol is a polyphenolic compound isolated from cottonseed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(2,2'-Binaphthalene)-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-(R)-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)-, (2R)-, compd. with acetic acid (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GOSSYPOL ACETIC ACID, (R)-","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831824"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"866541-93-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U9GNI6VT5N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594869"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594869"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H30O8.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"R-Gossypol_Acetic_Acid"}]}}{"C81937":{"preferredName":"Rabusertib","code":"C81937","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the cell cycle checkpoint kinase 2 (chk2) with potential chemopotentiating activity. Rabusertib binds to and inhibits the activity of chk2, which may prevent the repair of DNA caused by DNA-damaging agents, thus potentiating the antitumor efficacies of various chemotherapeutic agents. Chk2, an ATP-dependent serine-threonine kinase, is a key component in the DNA replication-monitoring checkpoint system and is activated by double-stranded breaks (DSBs); activated chk2 is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-[5-bromo-4-methyl-2-S-(morpholin-2-yl-methoxy)-phenyl]-3-(5-methyl-pyrazin-2-yl)-urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Checkpoint Kinase 2 Inhibitor LY2603618","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2603618","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RABUSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rabusertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rabusertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825835"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"911222-45-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3S9L1NU6U7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637612"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"637612"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H22BrN5O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CHK2_Inhibitor_LY2603618"}]}}{"C95024":{"preferredName":"Racotumomab","code":"C95024","definitions":[{"description":"An anti-idiotype murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) specific to P3 MoAb with anti-metastatic effect. Racotumomab binds to the idiotype region of P3 MoAb and functionally mimics the three-dimensional structure of N-glycolyl ceramides of mono-sialyl lactose, the antigenic target of P3. As a result, this anti-idiotype antibody may stimulate the host immune system to elicit humoral and cellular immune responses against tumor cells expressing NeuGc-GM3 gangliosides, which are expressed in a wide variety of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-P3 Antibody Idiotype Monoclonal Antibody 1E10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb 1E10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RACOTUMOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Racotumomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986854"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946832-34-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"52G405U1E5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689646"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689646"}]}}{"C165436":{"preferredName":"RAD51 Inhibitor CYT-0851","code":"C165436","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the DNA damage repair protein RAD51, with potential antineoplastic and sensitizing activities. Upon oral administration, the RAD51 inhibitor CYT-0851 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of RAD51. This prevents RAD51-mediated DNA damage repair in susceptible tumor cells and induces tumor cell apoptosis. RAD51, the central protein involved in homologous repair (HR) of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), is overexpressed in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYT 0851","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYT-0851","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYT0851","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAD51 Inhibitor CYT-0851","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RAD51 Inhibitor CYT-0851","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978621"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799774"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799774"}]}}{"C2462":{"preferredName":"Radioactive Iodine","code":"C2462","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive form of iodine, often used for imaging tests or to treat an overactive thyroid, thyroid cancer, and certain other cancers. For imaging tests, the patient takes a small dose of radioactive iodine that collects in thyroid cells and certain kinds of tumors and can be detected by a scanner. To treat thyroid cancer, the patient takes a large dose of radioactive iodine, which kills thyroid cells. Radioactive iodine is also used in internal radiation therapy for prostate cancer, intraocular (eye) melanoma, and carcinoid tumors. Radioactive iodine is given by mouth as a liquid or in capsules, by infusion, or sealed in seeds, which are placed in or near the tumor to kill cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Radioactive Iodine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Radioactive Iodine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radioactive Iodine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"radioactive iodine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1441129"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Radioactive_Iodine"}]}}{"C2729":{"preferredName":"Radiolabeled CC49","code":"C2729","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of a humanized monoclonal antibody with antitumor activity. The monoclonal antibody CC49 is developed from the murine monoclonal antibody B72.3 and is humanized by grafting the hypervariable regions onto the variable light (VL) and variable heavy (VH) frameworks of the monoclonal antibodies LEN and 21/28' CL. The resultant antibody binds the pancarcinoma tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72 with high affinity. Furthermore, the antibody is commonly radiolabeled resulting in an effective agent for use in radioimmunotherapy for treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Radiolabeled CC49","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514701"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Radiolabeled_CC49"}]}}{"C62535":{"preferredName":"Radium Ra 223 Dichloride","code":"C62535","definitions":[{"description":"A radiopharmaceutical composed of the dichloride salt of the alpha-emitting isotope radium Ra 223, with antineoplastic activity. Like calcium, radium targets bone tissue and preferentially accumulates in osteoblastic lesions, such as those seen in areas of bone metastases. Radium Ra 223 forms complexes with hydroxyapatite and becomes incorporated into the bone matrix. The radioisotope Ra 223 kills bone cancer cells through local emission of high energy alpha particles, causing DNA double-strand breaks and tumor regression in the skeleton. The short range effects of alpha emission allows for localized DNA damage with limited toxicity to nearby healthy bone tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alpharadin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 88-8223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY88-8223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RADIUM RA-223 DICHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Radium 223 Dichloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radium Ra 223 Dichloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Radium Ra 223 Dichloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radium-223 Dichloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xofigo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3541342"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"444811-40-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RJ00KV3VTG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749662"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749662"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2Cl.Ra"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Radium-223"}]}}{"C159537":{"preferredName":"Radium Ra 224-labeled Calcium Carbonate Microparticles","code":"C159537","definitions":[{"description":"A radiopharmaceutical composed of biodegradable calcium carbonate microspheres labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope radium Ra 224, with antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal (IP) administration of the radium Ra 224-labeled calcium carbonate microparticles, Ra 224 kills tumor cells through local emission of high energy alpha particles, causing DNA double-strand breaks. The short range effects of alpha emission allows for localized DNA damage with limited toxicity to nearby healthy tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"224Ra-labeled Calcium Carbonate Micro-particles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-emitting 224Ra Calcium Carbonate Microspheres","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ra-224 Alpha-emitting Calcium Carbonate Microparticles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radium Ra 224-labeled Calcium Carbonate Microparticles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radspherin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951431"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797476"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797476"}]}}{"C113297":{"preferredName":"Radix Angelicae Sinensis/Radix Astragali Herbal Supplement","code":"C113297","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine comprising of Radix Angelicae Sinensis (RAS) and Radix Astragali (RA), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunostimulatory, neuroprotective, anti-hepatotoxic and antineoplastic activities. The main chemical constituents of RAS include ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide, butylidenephthalide and various polysaccharides. RA is the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus with primary constituents such polysaccharides, triterpenoids as well as isoflavones. Though their mechanisms of action remain largely elusive, Radix Angelicae Sinensis/Radix Astragali herbal supplements are commonly used for the treatment of various health conditions affecting women including premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, recovery from childbirth and menopausal symptoms. These agents are also used for alleviating constipation, preventing and treating anemia and allergic attacks, and for the management of hypertension, joint pain and ulcers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DB1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Danggui Buxue Decoction No.1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radix Angelicae Sinensis/Radix Astragali Herbal Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471832"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756038"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756038"}]}}{"C99644":{"preferredName":"Radotinib Hydrochloride","code":"C99644","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, hydrochloride salt form of radotinib, a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor of Bcr-Abl fusion protein and the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, radotinib specifically inhibits the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, an abnormal enzyme expressed in Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. In addition, this agent also inhibits PDGFR thereby blocking PDGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways. The inhibitory effect of radotinib on these specific tyrosine kinases may decrease cellular proliferation and inhibit angiogenesis. This agent has shown potent efficacy in CML cells that are resistant to the first-generation standard tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib, nilotinib and dasatinib. PDGFR, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to cell migration and the development of the microvasculature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Methyl-N-(3-(4-methylimidazol-1-yl)-5-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-(4-(pyrazin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)benzamide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IY5511HCl","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radotinib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467958"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"723999"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"723999"}]}}{"C121646":{"preferredName":"Belvarafenib","code":"C121646","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of members of the Raf family of serine/threonine protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, belvarafenib binds to and inhibits the B-Raf mutant V600E and C-Raf. This inhibits B-Raf V600E- and C-Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth of susceptible tumor cells. In addition, belvarafenib may also inhibit mutated Ras proteins. Raf protein kinases play a key role in the Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, which is often dysregulated in human cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. The Raf mutation B-Raf V600E, where the valine at residue 600 is substituted for glutamic acid, is frequently overexpressed in a variety of human tumors and results in the constitutive activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BELVARAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Belvarafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HM95573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053637"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1446113-23-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"31M3WLJ3KG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770820"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770820"}]}}{"C2722":{"preferredName":"RAF Kinase Inhibitor L-779450","code":"C2722","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic triarylimidazole with potential antineoplastic activity. As a Raf kinase inhibitor, L-779450 competes with ATP for binding to the Raf-1 and A-Raf catalytic sites, thus inhibiting their enzymatic activities and blocking various signal transduction pathways that depend on Raf-1 kinase (particularly the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK cascade which is often up-regulated in neoplasms). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L-779,450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-779450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAF Kinase Inhibitor L-779450","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1517681"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"L-779450"}]}}{"C69135":{"preferredName":"RAF Kinase Inhibitor XL281","code":"C69135","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active, small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. XL281 specifically inhibits RAF kinases, located downstream from RAS in the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK kinase signaling pathway, which may result in reduced proliferation of tumor cells. RAS mutations may result in constitutive activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK kinase signaling pathway, and have been found to occur frequently in human tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RAF Kinase Inhibitor XL281","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RAF Kinase Inhibitor XL281","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL371855"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543515"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543515"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"RAF_Kinase_Inhibitor_XL281"}]}}{"C124654":{"preferredName":"Ralaniten Acetate","code":"C124654","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the acetate form of ralaniten, a N-terminal domain (NTD) of the androgen receptor (AR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of ralaniten acetate, ralaniten specifically binds to the NTD of AR, thereby inhibiting both AR activation and the AR-mediated signaling pathway. This inhibits cell growth in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in prostate cancers and is involved in proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Propanediol, 3-(4-(1-(4-((2S)-2-(acetyloxy)-3-chloropropoxy)phenyl)-1-methylethyl)phenoxy)-, 1,2-Diacetate, (2S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AR Inhibitor EPI-506","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPI-506","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RALANITEN ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ralaniten Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ralaniten Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502886"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1637573-04-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L10K286T2H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777367"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777367"}]}}{"C105853":{"preferredName":"Ralimetinib Mesylate","code":"C105853","definitions":[{"description":"The dimesylate salt form of LY2228820, a tri-substituted imidazole derivative and orally available, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ralimetinib inhibits the activity of p38, particularly the alpha and beta isoforms, thereby inhibiting MAPKAPK2 phosphorylation and preventing p38 MAPK-mediated signaling. This may inhibit the production of a variety of cytokines involved in inflammation, cellular proliferation and angiogenesis such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa), interleukin (IL)-1, -6 and -8, vascular endothelial growth factor, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha. Ultimately this induces apoptosis and reduces tumor cell proliferation. In addition, inhibition of the p38 MAPK pathway by LY2228820 increases the antineoplastic activity of certain chemotherapeutic agents. p38 MAPK, a serine/threonine protein kinase that is often upregulated in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3H-Imidazo(4,5-b)pyridin-2-amine, 5-(2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl)-3-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)-, Methanesulfonate (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2228820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2228820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2228820 Dimesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RALIMETINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ralimetinib Dimesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ralimetinib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ralimetinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3659483"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"862507-23-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QUW7B71FO9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687387"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687387"}]}}{"C1518":{"preferredName":"Raloxifene","code":"C1518","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women who are at high risk of the disease or who have osteoporosis. It is also used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It is also being studied in the prevention of breast cancer in certain premenopausal women and in the prevention and treatment of other conditions. Raloxifene blocks the effects of the hormone estrogen in the breast and increases the amount of calcium in bone. It is a type of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A selective benzothiophene estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Raloxifene binds to estrogen receptors (ER) as a mixed estrogen agonist/antagonist; it displays both an ER-alpha-selective partial agonist/antagonist effect and a pure ER-beta-selective antagonist effect. This agent functions as an estrogen agonist in some tissues (bones, lipid metabolism) and as an estrogen antagonist in others (endometrium and breasts), with the potential for producing some of estrogen's beneficial effects without producing its adverse effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Keoxifene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 139481","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RALOXIFENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Raloxifene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Raloxifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Raloxifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[6-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-benzo[b]thien-3-yl][4-[2-(1-piperidinyl)ethoxy]phenyl]methanone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"raloxifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0752233"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"84449-90-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; Cardiovascular Disease prophylaxis; Osteoporosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YX9162EO3I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43109"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43109"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H27NO4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Raloxifene"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8772"}]}}{"C1762":{"preferredName":"Raloxifene Hydrochloride","code":"C1762","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women who are at high risk of the disease or who have osteoporosis. It is also used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It is also being studied in the prevention of breast cancer in certain premenopausal women and in the prevention and treatment of other conditions. Evista blocks the effects of the hormone estrogen in the breast and increases the amount of calcium in bone. It is a type of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of raloxifene, a selective benzothiophene estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with lipid lowering effects and activity against osteoporosis. Raloxifene hydrochloride specifically binds to estrogen receptors in responsive tissue, including liver, bone, breast, and endometrium. The resulting ligand-receptor complex is translocated to the nucleus where, depending on the tissue type, it promotes or suppresses the transcription of estrogen-regulated genes, thereby exerting its agonistic or antagonistic effects. This agent functions as an estrogen agonist in lipid metabolism, thereby decreasing total and LDL cholesterol levels. In tissue like bone, it decreases bone resorption and bone turnover and increases bone mineral density. Raloxifene hydrochloride acts as an estrogen antagonist in uterine and breast tissue. This agent also exerts an anti-proliferative effect on estrogen-sensitive breast cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzo(b)thien-3-yl)(4-(2-(1-piperidinyl)ethoxy)phenyl)methanone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Evista","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Evista","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Evista","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Keoxifene Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-156758","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Optruma","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RALOXIFENE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Raloxifene HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Raloxifene Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Raloxifene Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Raloxifene hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Raloxifene.HCl","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"raloxifene hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"706725"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0618111"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"82640-04-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer prevention"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4F86W47BR6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43109"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43109"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H27NO4S.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Raloxifene_Hydrochloride"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50740"}]}}{"C1804":{"preferredName":"Raltitrexed","code":"C1804","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that stops tumor cells from growing by blocking the ability of cells to make DNA. It belongs to the family of drugs called thymidylate synthase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A quinazoline folate analogue with antineoplastic activity. After transport into cells via the reduced folate carrier, raltitrexed undergoes intracellular polyglutamation and blocks the folate-binding site of thymidylate synthase, thereby inhibiting tetrahydrofolate activity and DNA replication and repair and resulting in cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D1694","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI D1694","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI D1694","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"N-(5-[N-(3,4-Dihydro-2-methyl-4-oxoquinazolin-6-ylmethyl)-N-methylamino]-2-thenoyl)-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[[5-[[(1,4-Dihydro-2-methyl-4-oxo-6-quinazolinyl)methyl]methylamino]-2-thienyl]carbonyl]-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RALTITREXED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Raltitrexed","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Raltitrexed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tomudex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD1694","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"raltitrexed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"639186"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677667"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"112887-68-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FCB9EGG971"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42625"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42625"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H22N4O6S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Raltitrexed"}]}}{"C70792":{"preferredName":"Ramucirumab","code":"C70792","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of breast cancer that has come back. It binds to receptors for a protein called vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This keeps VEGF from binding to the receptors and may stop the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent and a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) with antiangiogenesis activity. Ramucirumab specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFR-2, which may result in an inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. VEGFR-2 is a pro-angiogenic growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGFR-2 Fully Human Monoclonal Antibody IMC-1121B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyramza","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-1121B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-1121B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LY3009806","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HGS-ETR2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAMUCIRUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ramucirumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ramucirumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-VEGFR-2 fully human monoclonal antibody IMC-1121B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ramucirumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742502"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"947687-13-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC); advanced or metastatic, gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma; hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients who have an alpha fetoprotein (AFP) of >= 400 ng/mL"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D99YVK4L0X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570535"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570535"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-VEGFR-2_Fully_Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_IMC-1121B"}]}}{"C67562":{"preferredName":"Ranibizumab","code":"C67562","definitions":[{"description":"A second-generation, recombinant humanized IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody fragment directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) alpha. Ranibizumab binds to VEGF alpha and inhibits VEGF alpha binding to its receptors, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, thereby preventing the growth and maintenance of tumor blood vessels. The molecular weight of this agent (48 kD) is much smaller than the molecular weight of bevacizumab (MW ~149 kD), allowing complete penetration of the retina and the subretinal space following intravitreal injection. In contrast to other anti-VEGF aptamers such as pegaptanib, ranibizumab has a high specificity and affinity for all soluble human isoforms of VEGF.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) Fab Fragment (Human-Mouse Monoclonal rhuFab V2 Gamma1 Chain), Disulfide With Human-Mouse Monoclonal rhuFab V2 Light Chain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lucentis","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RANIBIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ranibizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ranibizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1566537"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"347396-82-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZL1R02VT79"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544572"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544572"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ranibizumab"}]}}{"C1515":{"preferredName":"Ranimustine","code":"C1515","definitions":[{"description":"A chloroethylnitrosourea derivative that inhibits proliferation and growth of tumor cells by alkylation and cross-linkage of DNA strands of tumor cells. 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Ranolazine's mechanism of action for its anti-ischemic effects has yet to be fully elucidated but may involve the alteration of the trans-cellular late sodium current in the ischemic myocyte. By preventing the rise of intracellular sodium levels, ranolazine may affect the transport activity of sodium-dependent calcium channels and prevent the calcium overload during myocardial ischemia, thereby preventing cellular injury. Ranolazine's potential antineoplastic effect may depend on its inhibitory effect on fatty acid oxidation, which may sensitize tumor cells to apoptosis and decrease tumor cell proliferation; fatty acid oxidation provides energy and promotes tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Piperazineacetamide, N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4-(2-hydroxy- 3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RANOLAZINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ranexa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ranolazine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ranolazine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073633"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"95635-55-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A6IEZ5M406"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753754"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753754"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H33N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ranolazine"}]}}{"C1183":{"preferredName":"Ranpirnase","code":"C1183","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of ribonuclease enzyme.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural homologue of ribonuclease A isolated from the eggs of the frog Rana pipiens. Ranpirnase primarily degrades cellular transfer RNA with a substrate specificity for uridine-guanidine base-pair sequences, resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis and cytotoxicity. This agent also activates caspase-9 in mitochondria, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. 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Upon administration, RARalpha agonist IRX5183 binds to and activates RARalpha, which promotes RARalpha-mediated signaling. This results in the transcription of RARalpha-responsive genes, which are responsible for cellular differentiation and proliferation. This results in the induction of cellular differentiation and apoptosis, and leads to the inhibition of cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis. RARalpha is a nuclear receptor and a member of the steroid receptor superfamily; reduced RARalpha signaling is correlated with cancer development in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGN 195183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGN-195183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRX 5183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRX-5183","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IRX5183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NRX 195183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NRX195183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RARa Agonist IRX5183","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RARalpha Agonist IRX5183","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RARalpha Agonist IRX5183","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VTP 195183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VTP-195183","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527761"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"367273-07-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RC87L028HU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596530"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596530"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retinoid_Analogue_NRX_195183"}]}}{"C1902":{"preferredName":"Ras Inhibitor","code":"C1902","definitions":[{"description":"An agent designed to inhibit the signal transduction process by interfering with the action of the ras family of proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ras Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Examples include carboxyaminoimidazole (CAI), Iovastatin, limonene, and perillyl alcohol."},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514727"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ras_Inhibitor"}]}}{"C2802":{"preferredName":"Ras Peptide ASP","code":"C2802","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic form of the ras peptide containing a point mutation at position 12 (glycine to aspartic acid) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with ras peptide Asp may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for this ras mutation, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ras Peptide ASP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"667938"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514728"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ras_Peptide_ASP"}]}}{"C2803":{"preferredName":"Ras Peptide CYS","code":"C2803","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic form of the Ras peptide containing a point mutation at position 12 (glycine to cysteine) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with this peptide may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for this Ras mutation, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ras (sub 5-17) Peptide (C12)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ras Peptide CYS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"667937"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514729"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ras_Peptide_CYS"}]}}{"C2804":{"preferredName":"Ras Peptide VAL","code":"C2804","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic form of the Ras peptide containing a point mutation at position 12 (glycine to valine) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with this peptide may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for this Ras mutation, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ras Peptide VAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"665824"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514730"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ras_Peptide_VAL"}]}}{"C801":{"preferredName":"Razoxane","code":"C801","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable bis-dioxopiperazine and a derivative of the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) with antineoplastic, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic activities. Razoxane specifically inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase II without inducing DNA strand breaks, which may result in the inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell division in the premitotic and early mitotic phases of the cell cycle. This agent may also exhibit antiangiogenic and antimetastatic activities although the precise molecular mechanisms of these actions are unknown.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ICI 59118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICRF 159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICRF 159","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ICRF-159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICRF159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAZOXANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Razoxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Razoxin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Razoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"129943"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034738"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"21416-87-5"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"21416-67-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5AR83PR647"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39480"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39480"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H16N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Razoxane"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50225"}]}}{"C117289":{"preferredName":"Realgar-Indigo naturalis Formulation","code":"C117289","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based formulation composed of Realgar-Indigo naturalis formula (RIF) with potential antineoplastic activity. The main constituents in RIF are realgar, Indigo naturalis, and Salvia miltiorrhiza, with tetraarsenic tetrasulfide (As4S4), indirubin and tanshinone IIA as the main active ingredients, respectively, which appear to exert synergistic effects on cancer cells. Tetraarsenic tetrasulfide specifically induces the ubiquitination and degradation of promyelocytic leukemia retinoic acid receptor alpha (PML-RARalpha) oncoprotein. In addition, the active ingredients in the Realgar-Indigo naturalis formulation enhance the expression of myeloid differentiation genes, and induce G(1)/G(0) cell cycle arrest. PML-RARalpha, an acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)-specific fusion gene, inhibits differentiation and promotes survival of myeloid precursor cells","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RIF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIF Formula","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Realgar-Indigo naturalis Formulation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474115"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763399"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763399"}]}}{"C82693":{"preferredName":"Rebastinib Tosylate","code":"C82693","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate salt of rebastinib, an orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of multiple tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Rebastinib binds to and inhibits the Bcr-Abl fusion oncoprotein by changing the conformation of the folded protein to disallow ligand-dependent and ligand-independent activation; in addition, this agent binds to and inhibits Src family kinases LYN, HCK and FGR and the receptor tyrosine kinases TIE-2 and VEGFR-2. Rebastinib may exhibit more potent activity against T315I Bcr-Abl gatekeeper mutant kinases than other Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors. The TIE-2 and VEGFR-2 receptor tyrosine kinases regulate angiogenesis, respectively, while the Src family kinases Abl, LYN, and HCK Src regulate a variety of cellular responses including differentiation, division, adhesion, and the stress response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DCC-2036","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DP-1919.TO","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REBASTINIB TOSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rebastinib Tosylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rebastinib Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830217"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1033893-29-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"042A5NJE6B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"634547"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"634547"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H28FN7O3.C7H8O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Multitargeted_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_DCC-2036"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:62166"}]}}{"C1213":{"preferredName":"Rebeccamycin","code":"C1213","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antineoplastic antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An indolocarbazole glycoside antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Saccharothrix aerocolonigenes. Rebeccamycin intercalates into DNA and stabilizes the DNA-topoisomerase I complex, thereby interfering with the topoisomerase I-catalyzed DNA breakage-reunion reaction and initiating DNA cleavage and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5H-Indolo[2, 3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazole-5,7(6H)-dione, 1,11-dichloro-12, 13-dihydro-12-(4-O-methyl-.beta.-D-glucopyranosyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5H-indolo(2,3-a)pyrrolo(3,4-c)carbazole-5,7(6H)-dione,1,11-dichloro-12,13-dihydro-12-(4-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRN 4732638","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REBECCAMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rebeccamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rebeccamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"rebeccamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"359079"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073012"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"93908-02-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y96MQM21V9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rebeccamycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:135511"}]}}{"C1875":{"preferredName":"Rebimastat","code":"C1875","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (MMPIs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sulfhydryl-based second-generation matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Rebimastat selectively inhibits several MMPs (MMP 1, 2, 8, 9, and 14), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-275291","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-275291","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"BMS-275291","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"D2163","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-((2S)-2-Mercapto-1-oxo-4-(3,4,4-trimethyl-2,5-dioxo-1-imidazolidinyl)butyl)-L-leucyl-N,3-dimethyl-L-valinamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REBIMASTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rebimastat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rebimastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"713763"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935902"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"259188-38-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1B47R6ZX4K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38088"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38088"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H41N5O5S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BMS-275291"}]}}{"C71710":{"preferredName":"Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor R1530","code":"C71710","definitions":[{"description":"A pyrazolobenzodiazepine small molecule with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Mitosis-angiogenesis inhibitor (MAI) R1530 inhibits multiple receptor tyrosine kinases involved in angiogenesis, such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-1, -2, -3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) beta, FMS-like tyrosine kinase (Flt)-3, and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) -1, -2. In addition, this agents exhibits anti-proliferative activity by initiating mitotic arrest and inducing apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAI R1530","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R1530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor R1530","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor R1530","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376137"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560180"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"560180"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mitosis_and_Apoptosis_Inhibitor_R1530"}]}}{"C2423":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Adenovirus-p53 SCH-58500","code":"C2423","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that has been studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. rAd/p53 is a weakened adenovirus that carries the p53 gene into tumor cells, causing them to die. It is a type of gene therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A genetically-engineered adenovirus that contains the gene that encodes the human tumor-suppressor protein p53 with potential antineoplastic activity. Recombinant adenovirus-p53 SCH-58500 delivers p53 into tumor cells, which may result in p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACN53","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Recombinant Adenovirus-p53 SCH-58500","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 58500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH-58500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH-58500","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rAd/p53","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rAd/p53","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"recombinant adenovirus-p53","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514767"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Primary ovarian cancer"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42631"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42631"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_Adenovirus-p53"}]}}{"C116880":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Anti-WT1 Immunotherapeutic GSK2302024A","code":"C116880","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic composed of the Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) and an as of yet undisclosed adjuvant, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the immune system may be stimulated to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1-expressing tumor cells. The adjuvant stimulates the immune system's response to WT1. WT1, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and transcription factor, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASCI GSK2302024A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2302024A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Anti-WT1 Immunotherapeutic GSK2302024A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Anti-WT1 Immunotherapeutic GSK2302024A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433728"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687580"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687580"}]}}{"C60882":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Bispecific Single-Chain Antibody rM28","code":"C60882","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, bispecific, single-chain antibody directed against both the T-cell surface-associated costimulatory molecule CD28 and a melanoma-associated proteoglycan (MAPG) with potential antitumor activity. By targeting both CD28 and MAPG, recombinant bispecific single-chain antibody rM28 enhances cytotoxic T-cell recognition of melanoma cells, which may result in immune effector cell-mediated tumor cell death and a decrease in distant metastases. This agent appears to have a long serum half-life secondary to the formation of dimers. When activated, CD28 facilitates interactions between T-cells and other immune effector cells resulting in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses; MAPG is a surface antigen expressed on the majority of melanomas, including primary cutaneous, ocular, and metastatic melanomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant Bispecific Single-Chain Antibody rM28","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rM28","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831730"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467183"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467183"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_Bispecific_Single-Chain_Antibody_rM28"}]}}{"C1437":{"preferredName":"Recombinant CD40-Ligand","code":"C1437","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to CD40-ligand. CD40-ligand, also known as CD40L/TRAP and CD154, is a type II membrane protein which binds to CD40, a cell surface receptor that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor family; CD40 is expressed on B lymphocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells (DC), hematopoietic progenitors, endothelial cells and epithelial cells. Recombinant CD40-ligand may be used to activate DC ex vivo via CD40 binding; CD40-ligand-activated DC may provide or augment a protective antitumor immunity when administered in dendritic cell cancer vaccines. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD154 antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD40L","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant CD40-Ligand","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-BAM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Antigen gp39","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNF-Related Activation Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAP Ligand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gp39","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhu CD40L","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"696600"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527003"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"147205-72-9"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43639"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43639"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_CD40-Ligand"}]}}{"C477":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Erythropoietin","code":"C477","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous glycoprotein erythropoietin (Epo). Epo promotes the differentiation and maturation of hematopoietic progenitors into erythrocytes; is a mitogen and a chemoattractant for endothelial cells; stimulates activated and differentiated B-cells and enhances B-cell immunoglobulin production and proliferation; and is hypoxia-inducible. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERYTHROPOIETIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Erythrocyte Colony Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erythropoietin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant EPO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Erythropoietin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"628281"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0376541"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"11096-26-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"64FS3BFH5W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_Erythropoietin"}]}}{"C1538":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Fas Ligand","code":"C1538","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant agent, which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous protein Fas ligand, a protein related to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Fas ligand binds to the Fas receptor, thereby activating caspases and inducing apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FAS-Ligand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fas Ligand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fas-L","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Fas Ligand","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515370"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Fas_Ligand"}]}}{"C2257":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Fractalkine","code":"C2257","definitions":[{"description":"A pro-inflammatory delta chemokine with potential antineoplastic activity. Fractalkine induces the adhesion and migration of T lymphocytes, monocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. In lymphomas, this agent may promote cell-mediated lympholysis by recruiting activated NK cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CX3CL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fractalkine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurotactin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Fractalkine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522507"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Fractalkine"}]}}{"C1288":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor","code":"C1288","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous glycoprotein cytokine growth factor granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Therapeutic GM-CSF induces the clonal expansion and differentiation of progenitor blood cells and stimulates the cytotoxicity of monocytes and neutrophils, thereby restoring immune function and host antitumor immune responses and stimulating engraftment of transplanted bone marrow tissue. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CSF 39300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF 39300/GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF-GM (Hoechst)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colony-Stimulating Factor, Granulocyte-Macrophage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GM CSF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GM-CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GM-CSF (Schering)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinanr Colony-Stimulating Factor 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Colony-Stimulating Factor 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"622183"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"643496"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"613795"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"617589"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0376563"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"83869-56-1"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Granulocyte-Macrophage_Colony-Stimulating_Factor"}]}}{"C1792":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human 6Ckine","code":"C1792","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic recombinant analogue of a member of the endogenous CC chemokines with potential antineoplastic activity. Expressed by various lymphoid tissues, endogenous 6Ckine is chemotactic for B and T lymphocytes and dendritic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6ckine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCL21","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exodus-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human 6Ckine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Secondary Lymphoid-Tissue Chemokine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secondary Lymphoid-Tissue Chemokine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCA4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ck beta 9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1523979"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459900"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459900"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Secondary_Lymphoid-Tissue_Chemokine"}]}}{"C107504":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Adenovirus Type 5 H101","code":"C107504","definitions":[{"description":"A replication selective, recombinant, E1B and partial E3 gene deleted form of human adenovirus type 5, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral injection of recombinant human adenovirus type 5, the adenovirus selectively replicates in cancer cells while preventing viral replication in normal, healthy cells. This induces a selective adenovirus-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells, which leads to cancer cell lysis. In addition, viral spread to adjacent cells, following lysis of infected cells, may activate the immune system to kill the infected tumor cells. The E1B protein causes p53 inactivation, which promotes viral replication; deletion of E1B allows for p53 activation in normal cells, which prevents viral replication in normal, healthy cells. The mutation and subsequent inactivation of p53 in cancer cells enables the E1B-deleted adenovirus to selectively replicate in cancer cells. Partial deletion of E3, encoding the adenovirus death protein, enhances the safety profile of the administered adenovirus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"H101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncorine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Adenovirus Type 5 H101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rAd5 H101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL451750"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QH36X20ODG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751381"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751381"}]}}{"C85447":{"preferredName":"Alunacedase Alfa","code":"C85447","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, soluble glycosylated form of human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (rhACE2) with antihypertensive and potential antineoplastic activities. Alunacedase Alfa may normalize ACE2 levels, cleaving angiotensin II to create angiotensin-(1-7) and restoring the function of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). ACE2, a homolog of ACE1, appears to function as a negative regulator of the RAS system by converting angiotensin II to angiotensin-(1-7), a peptide with actions that counteract the cardiovascular actions of angiotensin II. In addition, angiotensin-(1-7) may inhibit cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and the production of proinflammatory prostaglandins and may activate the angiotensin-(1-7) G protein-coupled receptor Mas, resulting in diminished tumor cell proliferation. ACE2 levels may be reduced in malignancy and diabetes and in liver, cardiovascular and lung diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALUNACEDASE ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"APN01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alunacedase Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhACE2 APN01","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412316"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FA2I4Z873U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642531"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642531"}]}}{"C116864":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Apolipoprotein(a) Kringle V MG1102","code":"C116864","definitions":[{"description":"An 86 amino-acid long polypeptide fragment of a recombinant form of human apolipoprotein (a) (apo(a)) kringle V, with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration, recombinant human apo(a) kringle V MG1102 inhibits the fibronectin-mediated migration of endothelial cells, binds to and blocks the activity of alpha 3 beta 1 integrin (a3b1 integrin), inhibits the activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and FAK-mediated signaling, and leads to the inhibition of the p130 Crk-associated substrate (p130CAS)-c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. This inhibits tumor angiogenesis, induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells and tumor-associated endothelial cells, and suppresses tumor growth and metastasis. Apo(a), a glycoprotein component of human lipoprotein(a), contains repeated kringle domains; certain kringle domains of apo(a), including the plasminogen kringle V homolog (KV), have anti-angiogenic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MG1102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Apo (a) Kringle V MG1102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Apolipoprotein(a) Kringle V MG1102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Apolipoprotein(a) Kringle V MG1102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433737"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688419"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688419"}]}}{"C70674":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human EGF-rP64K/Montanide ISA 51 Vaccine","code":"C70674","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine preparation, containing recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rEGF) linked to the Neisseria meningitidis-derived recombinant immunogenic carrier protein P64k (rP64k) and mixed with the immunoadjuvant Montanide ISA 51, with potential active immunotherapy activity. Recombinant human EGF-rP64K/Montanide ISA 51 vaccine may trigger a humoral immune response against vaccine rEGF and rP64K and, so, against endogenous EGF. Antibody-mediated inhibition of endogenous EGF binding to its receptor, epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CIMAvax EGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CIMAvax Epidermal Growth Factor Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CIMAvax-EGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Center of Molecular Immunology (CIMA) Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Center of Molecular Immunology Epidermal Growth Factor Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CimaVax","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CimaVax Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human EGF-P64K/Montanide Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human EGF-rP64K/Montanide ISA 51 Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human EGF-rP64K/Montanide ISA 51 Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376048"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570107"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570107"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_Human_EGF-rP64K_Montanide_ISA_51_Vaccine"}]}}{"C45515":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Endostatin","code":"C45515","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Endostatin is made from a type of collagen (a protein found in cartilage and other connective tissue). It may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. Endostatin is a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant human proteolytic fragment of the C-terminal end of type XVIII collagen. Endostatin induces microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis and inhibits endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis, which may result in a reduction in tumor burden. This agent also may decrease hepatic metastasis by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-dependent cell attachment to the hepatic microvasculature. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endostar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endostatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Endostatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Endostatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Endostatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"endostatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rhEndostatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1705207"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459758"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"459758"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_Endostatin"}]}}{"C103830":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Hsp110-gp100 Chaperone Complex Vaccine","code":"C103830","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant chaperone-peptide complex-based vaccine composed of a complex between heat shock protein hsp110 and the human melanoma-associated antigen gp100, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, recombinant hsp110-gp100 chaperone complex activates the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T cell immune response and antigen-specific interferon-gamma production against gp100-overexpressing cancer cells. Gp100, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types. Hsp110, binds to and chaperones full-length proteins during heat shock; as an immunoadjuvant it is able to enhance an immune response against antigen(s) and stimulate T-lymphocyte activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant Human Hsp110-gp100 Chaperone Complex Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Hsp110-gp100 Chaperone Complex Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438310"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742760"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742760"}]}}{"C48395":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Bivalent Vaccine","code":"C48395","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine used to prevent cervical cancer caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV) types 16 and 18. It is also used to prevent lesions that are caused by these viruses and that can lead to cervical, vulvar, or vaginal cancer. Cervarix is used in females aged 10-25 years. It is also being studied in the treatment of other medical conditions. It is a type of bivalent vaccine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant, bivalent, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, containing virus-like particles for HPV types 16 and 18 linked to the adjuvant ASO4, with potential immunoprotective and antineoplastic properties. Upon administration, HPV 16/18 L1 virus-like particle/ASO4 vaccine may generate humoral and cellular immunity against HPV types-16 and -18 antigens, thereby preventing cervical infection upon exposure to HPV types 16 and 18. In addition, this agent may stimulate an antitumoral cellular immune response against cervical cancer associated with HPV infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervarix","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervarix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GSK-580299","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HPV 16/18 L1 VLP/AS04 VAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HPV-16/18 VLP/AS04 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus 16/18 L1 Virus-Like Particle/AS04 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Bivalent Types 16 and 18 Vaccine, Recombinant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Vaccine L1 16,18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Vaccine, L1 Type 16, 18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant HPV Bivalent Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Bivalent Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Bivalent Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"human papillomavirus 16/18 L1 virus-like particle/AS04 vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1721789"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"442270"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"442270"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Human_Papillomavirus_16_18_L1_Virus-Like_Particle_AS04_Vaccine"}]}}{"C119664":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Nonavalent Vaccine","code":"C119664","definitions":[{"description":"A non-infectious, recombinant, nonavalent vaccine prepared from highly purified virus-like particles (VLPs) comprised of the major capsid (L1) proteins from human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58, with active immunizing activity. Upon administration, the recombinant HPV nonavalent vaccine activates the immune system to produce antibodies against the 9 HPV types. This protects against HPV infection and HPV-related cancers. Altogether, HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58 account for the majority of the HPV types that cause cervical, vulvar, vaginal and anal cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gardasil 9","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonavalent HPV VLP Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant HPV Nonavalent Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus 9-valent Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Nonavalent Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Nonavalent Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3864947"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767261"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767261"}]}}{"C162524":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Plasminogen Kringle 5 Domain ABT 828","code":"C162524","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human plasminogen kringle 5 domain with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, recombinant human plasminogen kringle 5 domain ABT 828 may promote caspase activity and apoptosis in proliferating endothelial cells, thereby inhibiting migration. Kringle 5 (K5), an internal proteolytic fragment of plasminogen specifically inhibits endothelial cell growth via its interaction with endothelial cell surface ATP synthase, which sequentially triggers the activation of caspases -8, -9, and -3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABT 828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Plasminogen Kringle 5 Domain ABT 828","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhK5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971108"}]}}{"C584":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon","code":"C584","definitions":[{"description":"One of a group of recombinant therapeutic glycoprotein cytokines with antiviral, anti-proliferative, and immunomodulating activities. Interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes with interferon-specific response elements (ISREs). The resultant proteins mediate many complex effects, ultimately leading to inhibition of viral protein synthesis and cellular growth, alteration of cellular differentiation, interference with oncogene expression, activation of natural killer cells, alteration of cell surface antigen expression, and augmentation of lymphocyte and macrophage cytotoxicity. The production of endogenous interferons is induced in response to foreign agents such as bacteria, viruses and parasites and to tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Leukocyte Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Lymphoblastoid Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human lymphoblastoid interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"IFN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferons","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Interferons","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"339140"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522537"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9008-1-11"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40863"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interferon"}]}}{"C225":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa","code":"C225","definitions":[{"description":"A class of naturally-isolated or recombinant therapeutic peptides used as antiviral and anti-tumor agents. Alpha interferons are cytokines produced by nucleated cells (predominantly natural killer (NK) leukocytes) upon exposure to live or inactivated virus, double-stranded RNA or bacterial products. These agents bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes containing an interferon-specific response element. The proteins so produced mediate many complex effects, including antiviral effects (viral protein synthesis); antiproliferative effects (cellular growth inhibition and alteration of cellular differentiation); anticancer effects (interference with oncogene expression); and immune-modulating effects (natural killer cell activation, alteration of cell surface antigen expression, and augmentation of lymphocyte and macrophage cytotoxicity). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alferon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukocyte Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoblast Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoblastoid Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1622507"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"See specific agents."},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40467"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40467"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interferon_Alfa"}]}}{"C53411":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-1b","code":"C53411","definitions":[{"description":"The non-glycosylated recombinant interferon alpha, subtype 1b, with immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Alpha interferon-1b binds to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IFN-alfa-1b","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON ALFA-1B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa-1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-1b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alpha-1b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831728"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G7407IV2FS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"466520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"466520"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Interferon_Alfa-1b"}]}}{"C1952":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2a","code":"C1952","definitions":[{"description":"A non-glycosylated recombinant human alpha interferon, subtype 2a, produced in the bacterium E. coli. Interferon alpha-2a binds to its specific cell-surface receptor, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products have antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune modulating effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alpha 2 Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN alpha-2A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN-Alpha 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON ALFA-2A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon alfa 2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laroferon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2a","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alpha-2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Roceron-A","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Roferon A","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Roferon-A","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rHuIFN-a 2a","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"367982"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021734"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"76543-88-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic phase Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia; hairy cell leukemia; chronic hepatitis C; AIDs-related Kaposis sarcoma; bladder; ovarian; cervical cancer; non-Hodgkins lymphoma; renal cell carcinoma; melanoma."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"47RRR83SK7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467189"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467189"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Interferon_Alpha-2a"}]}}{"C1953":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2b","code":"C1953","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat some infections caused by viruses and several types of cancer. These include hairy cell leukemia, melanoma, and follicular lymphoma. It is a form of interferon alfa (a substance normally made by cells of the immune system) that is made in the laboratory. It is a type of biological response modifier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-glycosylated recombinant interferon with antiviral and antineoplastic activities. Alfa interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alfatronol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucoferon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heberon Alfa","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN alpha-2B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IFN alpha-2B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON ALFA-2B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon Alfa-2B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon Alpha-2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon alfa 2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intron A","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intron A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2b","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sch 30500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urifron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Viraferon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Viraferon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"interferon alfa-2b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"recombinant interferon alfa-2b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"377523"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021735"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"99210-65-8"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"98530-12-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"43K1W2T1M6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462279"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"462279"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_Interferon_Alfa-2b"}]}}{"C97503":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon Alpha 2b-like Protein","code":"C97503","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary recombinant protein highly resembling human interferon alpha 2b (IFN-a2b), with potential anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antiviral activities. Upon injection, recombinant IFN alpha 2b-like protein binds to specific IFN alpha cell surface receptors. This activates interferon-mediated signal transduction pathways and induces the transcription and translation of genes with interferon-specific response elements (ISREs). This may activate the immune system, including the activation of natural killer cells (NKs) and may result in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, metastasis and an induction of apoptosis. Compared to human IFN-a2b (HuINF-a2b), this agent exhibits enhanced antiviral and antiproliferative activities. In addition, this agent exhibits antiviral activity against a variety of viruses, including hepatitis B and C viruses, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Avian Influenza.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Novaferon","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant IFN Alfa-2b-like Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alpha 2b-like Protein","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Alpha 2b-like Protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273451"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703323"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703323"}]}}{"C495":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon Beta","code":"C495","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant protein which is chemically identical to or similar to endogenous interferon beta with antiviral and anti-tumor activities. Endogenous interferons beta are cytokines produced by nucleated cells (predominantly natural killer cells) upon exposure to live or inactivated virus, double-stranded RNA or bacterial products. These agents bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes with an interferon-specific response element. The proteins so produced mediate many complex effects, including antiviral (the most important being inhibition of viral protein synthesis), antiproliferative and immune modulating effects. The recombinant therapeutic forms of interferon beta are interferon beta 1-a and interferon beta 1-b. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Beta Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Betantrone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Feron","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HUMAN INTERFERON BETA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Human Interferon Beta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon Beta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon, Beta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon-B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon-beta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Naferon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Beta","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Beta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"658933"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"373361"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015980"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"77238-31-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multiple sclerosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V9GU1EM8SF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40468"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40468"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interferon_Beta"}]}}{"C583":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interferon Gamma","code":"C583","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous lymphokine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) with antineoplastic, immunoregulatory, and antiviral activities. Therapeutic IFN-gamma binds to and activates the cell-surface IFN-gamma receptor, stimulating antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and enhances natural killer cell attachment to tumor cells. This agent also activates caspases, thereby inducing apoptosis in malignant cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gamma Interferon (GEN)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma Interferon-SCH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma-Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ginterferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN-g","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTERFERON-.GAMMA.","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Interferon Gamma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Interferon Gamma (BIO)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interferon, Gamma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Gamma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interferon Gamma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"635256"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"600662"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3539881"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"82115-62-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic granulomatous disease; Osteopetrosis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P050J5FWC5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40469"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40469"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interferon_Gamma"}]}}{"C1380":{"preferredName":"Edodekin alfa","code":"C1380","definitions":[{"description":"One of a group of related proteins made by leukocytes (white blood cells) and other cells in the body. Interleukin-12 is made mainly by B lymphocytes and macrophages. It causes other immune cells to make cytokines and increases the growth of T lymphocytes. It may also block the growth of new blood vessels. Interleukin-12 made in the laboratory is used as a biological response modifier to boost the immune system in cancer therapy. Interleukin-12 is a type of cytokine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant form of the endogenous heterodimeric cytokine interleukin-12 with potential antineoplastic activity. Edodekin alfa binds to and activates its cell-surface receptor, stimulating the production of interferon-gamma (IFN) which, in turn, induces IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and so inhibits tumor angiogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Maturation Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDODEKIN ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Edodekin alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Edodekin alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-12","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Interleukin 12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Interleukin-12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"NM-IL-12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Natural Killer Cell Stimulatory Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant human interleukin-12 (IL-12) cytokine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 24-7472","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"interleukin-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"672423"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1524115"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"187348-17-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"31Z82G8ME1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42153"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interleukin-12"}]}}{"C1489":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interleukin-13","code":"C1489","definitions":[{"description":"The recombinant analogue of an endogenous cytokine interleukin 13 with potential antineoplastic activity. Produced by lymphocytes and exhibiting a variety of functions, interleukin-13 (therapeutic) inhibits DNA synthesis and regulates inflammatory and immune responses. In animal models, this agent has been shown to kill tumor cells both directly and indirectly by activating the host immune system at the tumor site. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL-13","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin 13","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interleukin-13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522557"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"148157-34-0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interleukin-13"}]}}{"C587":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interleukin-2","code":"C587","definitions":[{"description":"One of a group of related proteins made by leukocytes (white blood cells) and other cells in the body. Interleukin-2 is made by a type of T lymphocyte. It increases the growth and activity of other T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, and affects the development of the immune system. Aldesleukin (interleukin-2 made in the laboratory) is being used as a biological response modifier to boost the immune system in cancer therapy. Interleukin-2 is a type of cytokine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any recombinant analog of endogenous interleukin-2 (IL-2), a cytokine involved in intercellular communication related to cell differentiation, proliferation, inflammation, hematopoiesis, neuronal functions, and release of hormones. IL-2 binds to and activates specific receptors, triggering expression of specific genes, and may induce T cell-mediated tumor regression in some tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Interleukin II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Mitogenic Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitogenic Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interleukin-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ro-236019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Growth Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymocyte Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"373364"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0919268"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Colorectal cancer; metastatic melanoma; metastatic renal cell carcinoma; Non-Hodgkins lymphoma"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interleukin-2"}]}}{"C591":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Interleukin-6","code":"C591","definitions":[{"description":"One of a group of related proteins made by leukocytes (white blood cells) and other cells in the body. Interleukin-6 is made mainly by some T lymphocytes. It causes B lymphocytes to make more antibodies and also causes fever by affecting areas of the brain that control body temperature. Interleukin-6 made in the laboratory is used as a biological response modifier to boost the immune system in cancer therapy. Interleukin-6 is a type of cytokine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) with antiapoptotic, proinflammatory, antiinflammatory, proproliferative and proangiogenic activities. IL-6 binds to its receptor (IL-6R), activating a receptor-CD130 receptor complex; the CD130 portion of the complex is a signal transduction protein that activates JAK kinases and Ras-mediated signaling pathways, which in turn activate downstream signaling pathways, resulting in the activation of various transcription factors (STAT, ELK-1, NF-IL-6, etc.) and gene transcription. The physiological effects of IL-6 are complex and varied and include hematopoietic, pyrogenic and thermogenic, proinflammatory, antiinflammatory, proproliferative (anti-apoptotic), and angiogenic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Cell Differentiation Factor 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Stimulatory Factor-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPGF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hepatocyte Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hybridoma Growth Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IFN Beta 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-6","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Interleukin-6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Myeloid Differentiation Inducing Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmacytoma Growth Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interleukin-6","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Interleukin-6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sigosix","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527132"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4O4QWG0B3C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41474"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41474"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Interleukin-6"}]}}{"C28721":{"preferredName":"Recombinant KSA Glycoprotein CO17-1A","code":"C28721","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant counterpart of tumor-associated KSA antigen (Ep-CAM), a type-I transmembrane glycoprotein cellular adhesion molecule with a molecular mass of 40 kDa, overexpressed on the majority of tumor cells of most human epithelia in a of variety of tumor tissues such as stomach, colon, pancreas, gall bladder, bile duct, mammary gland, breast, and lung carcinoma. It has been suggested to be involved in the differentiation, growth, and organization of epithelial cells within tissues under normal physiological conditions. The antigen has been used as a target for diagnosis and for passive and active immunotherapy of colorectal cancer. Immunization with KSA Glycoprotein elicits both humoral and Th1-associated cellular immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CO17-1A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ep-CAM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GA733","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSA Glycoprotein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant KSA Glycoprotein CO17-1A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527244"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43440"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43440"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_KSA_Glycoprotein"}]}}{"C2413":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Leukocyte Interleukin","code":"C2413","definitions":[{"description":"A cocktail preparation of synthetic interleukin (IL) -1, IL-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon gamma and other cytokines that are chemically identical to or similar to signaling molecules secreted by leukocyte cells. Leukocyte interleukins are essential in many immune responses, such as antibodies production, modulating secretion of other cytokines, and activation of bone marrow stem cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BC-IL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buffy Coat Interleukin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukocyte Interleukin, Inj.","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multikine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Leukocyte Interleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0392999"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"neoadjuvant therapy for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42580"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42580"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Leukocyte_Interleukin"}]}}{"C1143":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Leukoregulin","code":"C1143","definitions":[{"description":"A formulated therapeutic analog of the endogenous lymphokine leukoregulin with potential antineoplastic activity. Leukoregulin displays direct and indirect cytotoxicity through tumor cell lysis and enhancing tumor cell susceptibility to natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. This agent enhances membrane permeability and decreases p-glycoprotein expression, thereby promoting cytotoxic drug uptake into tumor cells. Leukoregulin also induces the synthesis of collagenase and hyaluronan, expression and secretion of interleukin-8, and upregulates stromelysin-1 gene expression in human fibroblasts, thereby regulating extracellular matrix degradation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant Leukoregulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515385"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Leukoregulin"}]}}{"C612":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Luteinizing Hormone","code":"C612","definitions":[{"description":"A hormone made in the pituitary gland. In females, it acts on the ovaries to make follicles release their eggs and to make hormones that get the uterus ready for a fertilized egg to be implanted. In males, it acts on the testes to cause cells to grow and make testosterone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Interstitial Cell-Stimulating Hormone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Leuteinizing Hormone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luteinizing Hormone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutropin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Luteinizing Hormone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic LH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"interstitial cell-stimulating hormone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"luteinizing hormone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"lutropin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704298"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9002-67-9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Luteinizing_Hormone"}]}}{"C1290":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor","code":"C1290","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous protein cytokine macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). Synthesized endogenously by mesenchymal cells, M-CSF stimulates the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic cells of the monocyte-macrophage series and can reverse treatment-related neutropenias. Recombinant M-CSF may also enhance antigen presentation and activate antitumoral cytotoxic T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Colony Stimulating Factor 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rM-CSF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079784"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"81627-83-0"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40240"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40240"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_Macrophage_Colony-Stimulating_Factor"}]}}{"C38724":{"preferredName":"Recombinant MAGE-3.1 Antigen","code":"C38724","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant tumor-specific melanoma antigen. Vaccination with recombinant MAGE-3.1 antigen may induce a host immune response against MAGE-expressing cells, resulting in antitumoral T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. MAGE-expressing cells are found in melanoma, non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, and esophageal carcinoma. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAGE-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-3.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant MAGE-3.1 Antigen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant MAGE-3.1 Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1510427"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42271"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42271"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_MAGE-3-1_Antigen"}]}}{"C98294":{"preferredName":"Nagrestipen","code":"C98294","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of a human macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP1-alpha) with a substitution of aspartate to alanine at position 26, with potential immunomodulating and radiotherapy potentiating activity. Intravenous administration of nagrestipen after local tumor irradiation enhances the anti-tumor effect of ionizing radiation at the irradiated site as well as the antitumor effect at non-irradiated tumor sites (known as the abscopal effect). The abscopal effect appears to be attributed to this agent's ability to recruit and activate leukocytes, such as monocytes, dendritic cells, natural killer cells and T lymphocytes, thereby initiating an anti-tumor immune response against cancer cells. MIP1-alpha, also known as chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3, is a ligand for the chemokine receptors CCR1, CCR4 and CCR5 that are involved in immune and inflammatory responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"26-L-Alaninelymphokine MIP 1alpha (Human clone pAT464 MacrophageIinflammatory)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BB-10010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECI301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAGRESTIPEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nagrestipen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nagrestipen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"eMIP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432412"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"166089-33-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9350121Z8S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713863"}]}}{"C49087":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Ankara-5T4 Vaccine","code":"C49087","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding the 5T4 fetal oncoprotein (MVA-h5T4). Vaccination with recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara-5T4 vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing 5T4 fetal oncoprotein antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The MVA viral vector, derived from the replication-competent strain Ankara, is a highly attenuated, replication-defective vaccinia strain incapable of virion assembly.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant MVA-5T4 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Ankara-5T4 Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Ankara-5T4 Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Pox Virus Encoding 5T4 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TroVax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541801"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"449683"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"449683"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_Modified_Vaccinia_Ankara-5T4_Vaccine"}]}}{"C99459":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Oncolytic Poliovirus PVS-RIPO","code":"C99459","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, live attenuated, nonpathogenic oncolytic virus containing the oral poliovirus Sabin type 1 in which the internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) is replaced with the IRES from human rhinovirus type 2 (HRV2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral administration of recombinant oncolytic poliovirus PVS-RIPO, the poliovirus is selectively taken up by and replicates in tumor cells expressing CD155 (poliovirus receptor, PVR or NECL5) eventually causing tumor cell lysis. CD155, an oncofetal cell adhesion molecule and tumor antigen, is ectopically expressed in certain cancers, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GMB), and plays an important role in tumor cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Due to the heterologous HRV2 IRES in this recombinant virus, PVS-RIPO only propagates in susceptible, nonneuronal cells (e.g., GBM).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PVS-RIPO","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PVSRIPO","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Oncolytic Poliovirus PVS-RIPO","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Oncolytic Poliovirus PVS-RIPO","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433215"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721361"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721361"}]}}{"C2251":{"preferredName":"Iroplact","code":"C2251","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of the endogenous chemokine platelet factor 4 with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. As a heparin-binding tetramer, iroplact inhibits growth factor-stimulated endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis; it has been shown that this agent inhibits fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) angiogenic activity downstream from the FGF2 receptor. Its activity is antagonized by heparin. Recombinant platelet factor 4 may also directly inhibit the proliferation of some tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IROPLACT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Iroplact","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant CXCL4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Platelet Factor 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Platelet Factor 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rPF4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhPF4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"671662"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3887655"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"37270-94-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T381WW8L8Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42317"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42317"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Platelet_Factor_4"}]}}{"C92586":{"preferredName":"Recombinant PRAME Protein Plus AS15 Adjuvant GSK2302025A","code":"C92586","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of the human PRAME (Preferentially Expressed Antigen of Melanoma) protein combined with the AS15 adjuvant, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration, GSK2302025A may stimulate the host immune response to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that overexpress the PRAME protein, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The tumor-associated antigen PRAME is often overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types. AS15 is an potent adjuvant liposomal formulation that contains CpG 7909, monophosphoryl lipid, and QS-21.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant PRAME Protein Plus AS15 Adjuvant GSK2302025A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421638"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681046"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681046"}]}}{"C82371":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Saccharomyces Cerevisia-CEA(610D)-Expressing Vaccine GI-6207","code":"C82371","definitions":[{"description":"A whole, heat-killed, recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast-based vaccine genetically altered to express the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) peptide 610D with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisia-CEA(610D) vaccine GI-6207 may stimulate a host cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell lysis. CEA, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed on a wide variety of human cancer cells including colorectal, gastric, lung, breast and pancreatic cancer cells. CEA 610D encodes for 9 amino acids (605-613) in which aspartate is substituted for asparagine at position 610 (610D) in order to strengthen the induction of the CTL response against CEA-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GI-6207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Saccharomyces Cerevisia-CEA(610D)-Expressing Vaccine GI-6207","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Saccharomyces Cerevisia-CEA(610D)-Expressing Vaccine GI-6207","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830061"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641167"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641167"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_Saccharomyces_Cerevisia-CEA_610D_Expressing_Vaccine_GI-6207"}]}}{"C121542":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Super-compound Interferon","code":"C121542","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of the naturally-occurring cytokine interferon-alpha (IFN-a) that has a modified spatial configuration, with immunomodulating, antiviral and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of recombinant super-compound interferon (rSIFN-co), this agent binds to IFN-specific cell surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products have antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. The 3-dimensional conformational change improves efficacy and causes less side effects compared to IFN-a.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant Super Compound Interferon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Super-compound Interferon","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Super-compound Interferon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rSIFN-co","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053486"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770206"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770206"}]}}{"C884":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Thyroglobulin","code":"C884","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of thyroglobulin identical to or similar to the endogenous iodine-containing glycoprotein. Thyroglobulin is synthesized in the thyroid follicular cell, and is the precursor of thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Thyroglobulin levels can serve as a tumor marker for monitoring the status of differentiated thyroid carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Proloid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Thyroglobulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THYROGLOBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Therapeutic TG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroglobulin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527123"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9010-34-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hypothyroidism"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NN2P9VPL7M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39300"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39300"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Thyroglobulin"}]}}{"C61322":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Thyrotropin Alfa","code":"C61322","definitions":[{"description":"A form of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) that is made in the laboratory. It is used to test for remaining or recurring cancer cells in patients who have been treated for thyroid cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant form of the human anterior pituitary glycoprotein thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) with use in the diagnostic setting. With an amino acid sequence identical to that of human TSH, thyrotropin alfa binds to TSH receptors on normal thyroid epithelial cells or well-differentiated thyroid cancer cells, stimulating iodine uptake and organification, synthesis and secretion of thyroglobulin (Tg), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant TSH Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Thyrotropin Alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Thyrotropin Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Thyrotropin Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THYROTROPIN ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TSH-alpha","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyrogen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyrogen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyrotropin Alfa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"thyrotropin alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2587204"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"194100-83-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AVX3D5A4LM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481277"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"481277"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_Thyrotropin_Alfa"}]}}{"C898":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Transforming Growth Factor-Beta","code":"C898","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) with proapoptotic and antineoplastic properties. TGF-beta may suppress tumor cell growth by decreasing the expression of cyclin D1, a cell cycle regulatory protein, and downregulating the expression of the oncogene c-myc. This agent is also involved in T cell-mediated immunosuppression by CD4+CD25+ T cells, which permits cancer cells to evade immune surveillance. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone-Derived Transforming Growth Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Transforming Growth Factor-Beta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGF-Beta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Milk Growth Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic TGF B","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic TGF-Beta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rTGF-Beta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527196"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Transforming_Growth_Factor-Beta"}]}}{"C1286":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Transforming Growth Factor-Beta-2","code":"C1286","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant polypeptide chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine transforming growth factor-beta-2 (TGF-beta-2). TGF-beta-2 modulates cell growth and immune function and may promote or inhibit tumor growth, depending on the tumor cell type. TGF-beta-2 may also suppress host immune system recognition of and/or response to tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cartilage-Inducing Factor-B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma-Derived T-Cell Suppressor Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Transforming Growth Factor-Beta-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGF-Beta 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522073"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42024"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Transforming_Growth_Factor-Beta_2"}]}}{"C913":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha","code":"C913","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha with antineoplastic properties. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha binds to and activates \"death receptors\" on the cell surface, resulting in apoptosis and cell death by the p53-independent extrinsic pathway. This agent also disrupts tumor vascularization. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cachectin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SONERMIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TNF-Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-alpha)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"697068"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522669"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"308079-78-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X2C8Z061MB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43225"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43225"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Tumor_Necrosis_Factor-Alpha"}]}}{"C38682":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Tyrosinase-Related Protein-2","code":"C38682","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to an endogenous non-mutated melanocyte differentiation antigen expressed by both normal and malignant melanocytes. Vaccinations with recombinant tyrosinase-related protein-2 may elicit an antitumoral cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells and some normal cells that express tyrosinase-related protein-2. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant Tyrosinase-Related Protein-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRP-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyrosinase-Related Protein-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL035331"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38407"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38407"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recombinant_Tyrosinase-Related_Protein-2"}]}}{"C131580":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-expressing Human Interferon Beta and Sodium-Iodide Symporter","code":"C131580","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, replication competent form of the oncolytic RNA virus vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), based on the Indiana strain of VSV, that is genetically engineered to express the genes for the human cytokine interferon beta (IFNbeta) and the human thyroidal sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), with potential oncolytic and imaging activities. Upon intravenous administration, VSV-hIFNbeta-NIS is preferentially taken up by tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell infection, viral replication and a direct virus-mediated cytolytic effect against the infected tumor cells. IFN-mediated signaling is defective in tumor cells and tumor cells are unable to exert an anti-viral response against VSV. As normal, healthy cells secrete and respond normally to IFNbeta and are able to activate IFN-mediated anti-viral pathways, the expressed IFNbeta from the VSV-infected tumor cells helps protect normal cells from VSV infection. Upon subsequent administration of certain isotope-containing imaging agents, NIS expression by the infected tumor cells allows visualization and tracking of VSV biodistribution, and analysis and quantification of VSV-infected tumor cells by positron emission tomography (PET). Also, upon subsequent administration of the radioisotope iodine I 131 (I131), I131 can be taken up by NIS and allows for a cytotoxic dose of radiation to accumulate in the NIS-expressing VSV-infected tumor cells, which also leads to tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oncolytic VSV-hIFNbeta-NIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-expressing Human Interferon Beta and Sodium-Iodide Symporter","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-expressing Human Interferon Beta and Sodium-Iodide Symporter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VSV-expressing hIFNb and NIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VSV-hIFNb-NIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VSV-hIFNbeta-NIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VV1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-expressing Human Interferon Beta and Sodium-Iodide Symporter","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Voyager-V1","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514461"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788964"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788964"}]}}{"C74059":{"preferredName":"Refametinib","code":"C74059","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable selective MEK inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Refametinib specifically inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1 or MAPK/ERK kinase 1), resulting in inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a dual specificity threonine/tyrosine kinase, is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth; constitutive activation of this pathway has been implicated in many cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 869766","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY86-9766","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor RDEA119","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RDEA119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REFAMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Refametinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Refametinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346909"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"923032-37-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JPX07AFM0N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589128"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"589128"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H20F3IN2O5S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MEK_Inhibitor_RDEA119"}]}}{"C78204":{"preferredName":"Regorafenib","code":"C78204","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Regorafenib binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) 2 and 3, and Ret, Kit, PDGFR and Raf kinases, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. VEGFRs are receptor tyrosine kinases that play important roles in tumor angiogenesis; the receptor tyrosine kinases RET, KIT, and PDGFR, and the serine/threonine-specific Raf kinase are involved in tumor cell signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(4-(((4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)carbamoyl)amino)-3-fluorophenoxy)-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 73-4506","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGORAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Regorafenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Regorafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stivarga","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2980094"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"755037-03-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"24T2A1DOYB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595192"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595192"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H15ClF4N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Multitargeted_Receptor_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_BAY_73-4506"}]}}{"C127838":{"preferredName":"Relacorilant","code":"C127838","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available antagonist of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, relacorilant competitively binds to and blocks GRs. This inhibits the activity of GRs, and prevents both the translocation of the ligand-GR complexes to the nucleus and gene expression of GR-associated genes. This decreases the negative effects that result from excess levels of endogenous glucocorticoids, like those seen when tumors overproduce glucocorticoids. In addition, by binding to GRs and preventing their activity, inhibition with CORT125134 also inhibits the proliferation of GR-overexpressing cancer cells. GRs are overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and promote tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"((4aR)-1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4aH-pyrazolo(3,4-g)isoquinolin-4a-yl)(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)methanone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CORT-125134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CORT125134","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanone, ((4aR)-1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-6-((1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)sulfonyl)-4aH-pyrazolo(3,4-g)isoquinolin-4a-yl)(4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RELACORILANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Relacorilant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Relacorilant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507918"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1496510-51-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2158753C7E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781149"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781149"}]}}{"C111999":{"preferredName":"Relatlimab","code":"C111999","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitor receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, relatlimab binds to LAG-3 on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This may activate antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhance cytotoxic T cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG-3 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and binds to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II. LAG-3 expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-986016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986016","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4, Anti-(human Lymphocyte Activation Gene-3 Protein) (Human Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RELATLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Relatlimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Relatlimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454288"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1673516-98-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AF75XOF6W3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754229"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754229"}]}}{"C114498":{"preferredName":"Relugolix","code":"C114498","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, non-peptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Relugolix competitively binds to and blocks the GnRH receptor in the anterior pituitary gland, which both prevents GnRH binding to the GnRH receptor and inhibits the secretion and release of both luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the release of testosterone from Leydig cells in the testes. Since testosterone is required to sustain prostate growth, reducing testosterone levels may inhibit hormone-dependent prostate cancer cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N-(4-(1-((2,6-Difluorophenyl)methyl)-5-((dimethylamino)methyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-(6-methoxy-3-pyridazinyl)-2,4-dioxothieno(2,3-d)pyrimidin-6-yl)phenyl)-N'-methoxyurea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orgovyx","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RELUGOLIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Relugolix","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Relugolix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Relugolix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK 385","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-385","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urea, N-(4-(1-((2,6-difluorophenyl)methyl)-5-((dimethylamino)methyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-(6-methoxy-3-pyridazinyl)-2,4-dioxothieno(2,3-d)pyrimidin-6-yl)phenyl)-N'-methoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3252109"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"737789-87-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P76B05O5V6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759257"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759257"}]}}{"C97513":{"preferredName":"Remetinostat","code":"C97513","definitions":[{"description":"A topical formulation containing the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon cutaneous administration, SHP-141 selectively binds to and inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones in the skin (dermis and epidermis), the induction of chromatin remodeling, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes. These events may result in the inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor cell types, are a family of metalloenzymes responsible for the deacetylation of chromatin histone proteins. Topical administration of SHP-141 allows for high concentrations of this agent locally while minimizing systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Methyl 4-((8-(Hydroxyamino)-8-Oxooctanoyl)oxy)benzoate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylparaben Suberohydroxamic Acid Phenyl Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REMETINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Remetinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Remetinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHAPE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHP-141","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430257"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946150-57-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"37NT056AT4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"703816"}]}}{"C70968":{"preferredName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma Peptides Vaccine IMA901","code":"C70968","definitions":[{"description":"A multipeptide cancer vaccine targeting renal cell carcinoma with potential immunopotentiating activity. Renal cell carcinoma peptides vaccine IMA901 consists of 10 different synthetic tumor-associated peptide (TUMAP) antigens (9 HLA-class I-binding and 1 HLA class II-binding); endogenously, these TUMAPs are expressed by the majority of renal cell carcinomas. Vaccination with this agent may significantly increase host cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune responses against tumor cells expressing these peptide antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMA901","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma Peptides Vaccine IMA901","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma Peptides Vaccine IMA901","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL375872"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570963"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570963"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Renal_Cell_Carcinoma_Peptides_Vaccine_IMA901"}]}}{"C66515":{"preferredName":"Reparixin","code":"C66515","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor types 1 (CXCR1) and 2 (CXCR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, reparixin allosterically binds to CXCR1 and prevents CXCR1 activation by its ligand interleukin 8 (IL-8 or CXCL8). This may cause cancer stem cell (CSC) apoptosis and may inhibit tumor cell progression and metastasis. CXCR1, overexpressed on CSCs, plays a key role in CSC survival and the ability of CSC to self-renew; it is also linked to tumor resistance to chemotherapy. Inhibition of the IL-8/CXCR1 interaction also potentiates the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic agents. In addition, reparixin inhibits CXCR2 activation and may reduce both neutrophil recruitment and vascular permeability during inflammation or injury.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(4-Isobutylphenyl)propionylmethanesulfonamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzeneacetamide, Alpha-methyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)-N- (methylsulfonyl)- (alphaR)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DF 1681Y","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REPARIXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Reparixin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Reparixin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Repertaxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1506747"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"266359-83-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U604E1NB3K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750172"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750172"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H21NO3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Reparixin"}]}}{"C133821":{"preferredName":"Repotrectinib","code":"C133821","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of multiple kinases, including the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1, 2 and 3, the proto-oncogene SRC, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, repotrectinib binds to and inhibits wild-type, point mutants and fusion proteins of ALK, ROS1, NTRK1-3, SRC, FAK and, to a lesser extent, other kinases. Inhibition of these kinases leads to the disruption of downstream signaling pathways and the inhibition of cell growth of tumors in which these kinases are overexpressed, rearranged or mutated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK/ROS1/NTRK/SRC/FAK Multikinase Inhibitor TPX-0005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-kinase Inhibitor TPX-0005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multikinase Inhibitor TPX-0005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REPOTRECTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Repotrectinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Repotrectinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPX-0005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521742"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1802220-02-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"08O3FQ4UNP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788549"}]}}{"C63958":{"preferredName":"Resiquimod","code":"C63958","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of skin cancer. When put on the skin, resiquimod causes some immune cells to make certain chemicals that may help them kill tumor cells. It is also being studied to find out if adding it to a tumor vaccine improves the antitumor immune response. It is a type of imidazoquinoline and a type of immunomodulator.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An imidazoquinolinamine and Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist with potential immune response modifying activity. Resiquimod exerts its effect through the TLR signaling pathway by binding to and activating TLR7 and 8 mainly on dendritic cells, macrophages, and B-lymphocytes. This induces the nuclear translocation of the transcription activator NF-kB as well as activation of other transcription factors. This may lead to an increase in mRNA levels and subsequent production of cytokines, especially interferon-alpha (INF-a) and other cytokines, thereby enhancing T-helper 1 (Th1) immune responses. In addition, topical application of resiquimod appears to activate Langerhans' cells, leading to an enhanced activation of T-lymphocytes. Due to its immunostimulatory activity, this agent may potentially be useful as a vaccine adjuvant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-alpha,alpha-dimethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-1-ethanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R848","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RESIQUIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Resiquimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Resiquimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Resiquimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S 28463","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"resiquimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0389573"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"144875-48-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V3DMU7PVXF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"544217"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H22N4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Resiquimod"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:36706"}]}}{"C88259":{"preferredName":"Resiquimod Topical Gel","code":"C88259","definitions":[{"description":"A topical gel containing the Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist resiquimod, an imidazoquinolinamine and with potential immunomodulating activity. Resiquimod binds toTLR7 and 8, mainly on dendritic cells, macrophages, and B-lymphocytes, and activates the TLR signaling pathway, resulting in the induction of the nuclear translocation of transcription activator NF-kB and activation of other transcription factors; subsequently, gene expression increases and the production of cytokines increases, especially interferon-alpha (INF-a), resulting in the enhancement of T-helper 1 (Th1) immune responses. In addition, topical application of resiquimod appears to activate epidermal Langerhans cells, leading to an enhanced activation of T-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"R848 Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Resiquimod Topical Gel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Resiquimod Topical Gel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412435"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654328"}]}}{"C94233":{"preferredName":"Resistant Starch","code":"C94233","definitions":[{"description":"A form of dietary fiber that resists degradation by gastrointestinal (GI) enzymes in the small intestine with potential chemopreventive and prebiotic activity. Upon consumption of resistant starch, the fiber is not metabolized or absorbed in the small intestine and enters the colon unaltered. Once in the colon, the starch is fermented by anaerobic colonic bacteria and produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), including butyrate, which has anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities. In addition, butyrate appears to exert antitumor effects by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing tumor cell differentiation and promoting apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Resistant Starch","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Resistant Starch","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426045"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687429"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"687429"}]}}{"C84856":{"preferredName":"Resminostat","code":"C84856","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs) with potential antineoplastic activity. Resminostat binds to and inhibits HDACs leading to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones. This may result in an induction of chromatin remodeling, inhibition of the transcription of tumor suppressor genes, inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor types, are a class of enzymes that deacetylate chromatin histone proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4SC-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RESMINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Resminostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2935131"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"864814-88-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1578EUB98L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651465"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651465"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H19N3O4S"}]}}{"C1215":{"preferredName":"Resveratrol","code":"C1215","definitions":[{"description":"A substance found in the skins of grapes and in certain other plants, fruits, and seeds. It is made by various plants to help defend against invading fungi, stress, injury, infection, and too much sunlight. It is being studied in the prevention of cancer and heart disease. It is a type of antioxidant and a type of polyphenol.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A phytoalexin derived from grapes and other food products with antioxidant and potential chemopreventive activities. Resveratrol induces phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes (anti-initiation activity); mediates anti-inflammatory effects and inhibits cyclooxygenase and hydroperoxidase functions (anti-promotion activity); and induces promyelocytic leukemia cell differentiation (anti-progression activity), thereby exhibiting activities in three major steps of carcinogenesis. This agent may inhibit TNF-induced activation of NF-kappaB in a dose- and time-dependent manner. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-5-[2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-1,3-benzenediol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,4',5-Stilbenetriol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RESVERATROL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RESVERATROL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Resveratrol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Resveratrol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Resveratrol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"resveratrol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"327430"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073096"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"501-36-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q369O8926L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"405819"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"405819"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H12O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Resveratrol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:45713"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27881"}]}}{"C85484":{"preferredName":"Resveratrol Formulation SRT501","code":"C85484","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary formulation of resveratrol, a polyphenolic phytoalexin derived from grapes and other food products with potential antioxidant, anti-obesity, antidiabetic and chemopreventive activities. Resveratrol may activate sirtuin subtype 1 (SIRT-1). SIRT1 activation has been reported to inhibit tumorigenesis and tumor cell proliferation. SIRT-1 is a member of the silent information regulator 2 (SIR2) (or sirtuin) family of enzymes that plays an important role in mitochondrial activity and acts as a protein deacetylase. SIRT1 appears to be involved in the regulation of numerous transcription factors such as NF-kB and p53.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Resveratrol Formulation SRT501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRT501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2002402"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648245"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648245"}]}}{"C158093":{"preferredName":"RET Inhibitor DS-5010","code":"C158093","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of wild-type, fusion products and mutated forms, including gatekeeper mutations, of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DS-5010 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of RET. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumors cells that exhibit increased RET activity. RET overexpression, activating mutations, and fusions result in the upregulation and/or overactivation of RET tyrosine kinase activity in various cancer cell types; dysregulation of RET activity plays a key role in the development and progression of these cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BOS 172738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOS-172738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOS172738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS 5010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-5010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS5010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RET Inhibitor DS-5010","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RET Inhibitor DS-5010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937686"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796992"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796992"}]}}{"C132295":{"preferredName":"Pralsetinib","code":"C132295","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of mutant forms of and fusion products involving the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase RET, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pralsetinib binds to and targets various RET mutants and RET-containing fusion product. RET gene mutations and translocations result in the upregulation and/or activation of RET tyrosine kinase activity in various cancer cell types; dysregulation of RET activity plays a key role in the development and regression of these cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(cis)-N-((S)-1-(6-(4-Fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)-1-methoxy-4-(4-methyl-6-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-ylamino)pyrimidin-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU-667","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLU667","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gavreto","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRALSETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pralsetinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pralsetinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520212"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2097132-94-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with metastatic RET fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1WPE73O1WV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787354"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787354"}]}}{"C80378":{"preferredName":"Retaspimycin","code":"C80378","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) with antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Retaspimycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of HSP90, which maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins and may be overexpressed or overactive in tumor cells. Retaspimycin-mediated inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins in susceptible tumor cell populations, which may result in the induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin Hydroquinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Geldanamycin, 18,21-didehydro-17-demethoxy-18,21-dideoxo-18,21-dihydroxy-17-(2-propenylamino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RETASPIMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Retaspimycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1743502"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"857402-23-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BZF2ZM0I5Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H45N3O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retaspimycin"}]}}{"C48401":{"preferredName":"Retaspimycin Hydrochloride","code":"C48401","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) with antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Retaspimycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of HSP90, which maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins and may be overexpressed or overactive in tumor cells. Retaspimycin-mediated inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins in susceptible tumor cell populations, which may result in the induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin hydroquinone hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Geldanamycin, 18,21-didehydro-17-demethoxy-18,21-dideoxo-18,21-dihydroxy-17-(2-propenylamino)-, monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPI-504","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RETASPIMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Retaspimycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Retaspimycin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708447"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"857402-63-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"928Q33Q049"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"437784"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"437784"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H45N3O8.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"IPI-504"}]}}{"C73241":{"preferredName":"Retelliptine","code":"C73241","definitions":[{"description":"An ellipticine derivative and topoisomerase II inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Retelliptine intercalates with DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II during DNA replication. In addition, this agent appears to induce cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis mediated through the Fas/Fas ligand death receptor and the mitochondrial pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-((3-(Diethylamino)propyl)amino)-5,11-dimethyl-9-methoxy-6H-pyrido(4,3-b)carbazole","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RETELLIPTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Retelliptine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0084319"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"72238-02-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SZ0F94M68J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H32N4O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retelliptine"}]}}{"C64174":{"preferredName":"Retinoic Acid Agent Ro 16-9100","code":"C64174","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic retinoid with differentiation inducing and potential antineoplastic activities. Like other retinoic acid agents, Ro 16-9100 binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinoic Acid Agent Ro 16-9100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinoid Ro 16-9100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 16-9100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 16-9100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Ro-16-9100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0913966"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"160372-07-6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ro_16-9100"}]}}{"C80061":{"preferredName":"Retinoid 9cUAB30","code":"C80061","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment and prevention of cancer. It blocks an enzyme that keeps cells alive by adding material to the ends of chromosomes. Blocking this enzyme may cause the cancer cells to die. 9cUAB30 is a type of retinoic acid and a type of telomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic analogue of 9-cis retinoic acid with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Retinoid 9cUAB30 binds to and activates retinoid X receptor (RXR) homodimers and/or and retinoic acid receptor (RAR)/RXR heterodimers, which may result in the dissociation of corepressor protein and the recruitment of coactivator protein, followed by transcription of downstream target genes into mRNAs and protein translation. Gene transcription regulated by these transcription factors may result in inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell differentiation, and apoptosis of both normal cells and tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(9Z)-UAB-30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9cUAB30","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Retinoid 9cUAB30","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Retinoid 9cUAB30","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UAB-30","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UAB-30","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1311390"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"205252-57-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PFP09575EX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614594"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"614594"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retinoid_9cUAB30"}]}}{"C68302":{"preferredName":"Retinol","code":"C68302","definitions":[{"description":"Retinoid with a hydroxyl group. Active form of vitamin A which can be converted to the other usable forms; retinal (an aldehyde) and retinoic acid (a carboxylic acid).","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"The fat soluble vitamin retinol. Vitamin A binds to and activates retinoid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis of some cancer cell types and inhibiting carcinogenesis. Vitamin A plays an essential role in many physiologic processes, including proper functioning of the retina, growth and differentiation of target tissues, proper functioning of the reproductive organs, and modulation of immune function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6, 6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraen-1-ol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraen-1-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)-nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"All Trans Retinol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RETINOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Retinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Retinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Retinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"retinol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0087161"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"68-26-8"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"11103-57-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G2SH0XKK91"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39735"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39735"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H30O"},{"name":"INFOODS","value":"RETOL"},{"name":"USDA_ID","value":"322"},{"name":"Unit","value":"mcg"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retinol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17336"}]}}{"C1216":{"preferredName":"Retinyl Acetate","code":"C1216","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally-occurring fatty acid ester form of retinol (vitamin A) with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Retinyl acetate binds to and activates retinoid receptors, inducing cell differentiation and decreasing cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits carcinogen-induced neoplastic transformation in some cancer cell types and exhibits immunomodulatory properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinol Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinyl Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Retinyl Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinyl acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VITAMIN A ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vitamin A, acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"vitamin A acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"122760"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"122045"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073109"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"127-47-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Dietary supplement; vitamin A deficiency"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3LE3D9D6OY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40313"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40313"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H32O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retinyl_Acetate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:32095"}]}}{"C1217":{"preferredName":"Retinyl Palmitate","code":"C1217","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in cancer prevention. It belongs to the family of drugs called retinoids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally-occurring phenyl analogue of retinol (vitamin A) with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. As the most common form of vitamin A taken for dietary supplementation, retinyl palmitate binds to and activates retinoid receptors, thereby inducing cell differentiation and decreasing cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits carcinogen-induced neoplastic transformation, induces apoptosis in some cancer cell types, and exhibits immunomodulatory properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Palmitate-1-14C","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinol Hexadecanoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinol Palmitate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinol-15-3H","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinyl Palmitate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Retinyl Palmitate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinyl-10,11-14C2","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VITAMIN A PALMITATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vitamin A Palmitate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"retinyl palmitate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073115"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"79-81-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Dietary supplement; vitamin A deficiency; reduction in falciparum malaria episodes in children older than 12 months old; acne; diminishing malignant cell growth; enhancing the immune system; reduction in mortality of HIV-infected children"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1D1K0N0VVC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C36H60O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retinyl_Palmitate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17616"}]}}{"C49082":{"preferredName":"Retrovector Encoding Mutant Anti-Cyclin G1","code":"C49082","definitions":[{"description":"A replication-incompetent, pathotropic, tumor matrix (collagen)-targeted, retroviral vector encoding an N-terminal deletion mutant form of the cyclin G1 gene with potential antineoplastic activity. Under the control of a hybrid long-terminal repeat/cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, retrovector encoding mutant anti-cyclin G expresses the mutant cyclin G1 construct, resulting in disruption of tumor cell cyclin G1 activity and decreased cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. This agent preferentially targets collagen of the tumor matrix because of the incorporation of the collagen-binding domain of von Willebrand factor (vWF) on the retrovector surface. Exploiting the collagen-targeting mechanism of vWF permits delivery of the retrovector to tumor sites where angiogenesis and collagen matrix exposure occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DeltaRex-G","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mx-dnG1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REXIN-G","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retrovector Encoding Mutant Anti-Cyclin G1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Retrovector Encoding Mutant Anti-Cyclin G1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709935"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"446577"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"446577"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retrovector_Encoding_Anti-Cyclin_G"}]}}{"C74076":{"preferredName":"Rexinoid NRX 194204","code":"C74076","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable synthetic retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist with potential antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. Rexinoid NRX 194204 selectively binds to and activates RXRs. Because RXRs can form heterodimers with several nuclear receptors (NRs), RXR activation by this agent may result in a broad range of gene expression depending on the effector DNA response elements activated. Rexinoid NRX 194204 may inhibit the tumor-necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated release of nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 6 (IL6) and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. This agent appears to be less toxic than RAR-selective ligands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGN194204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NRX194204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rexinoid NRX 194204","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rexinoid NRX 194204","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VTP-194204","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0967787"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"260262-39-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"877M97Z38Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592353"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592353"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rexinoid_NRX_194204"}]}}{"C61498":{"preferredName":"RFT5-dgA Immunotoxin IMTOX25","code":"C61498","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody linked to a toxic substance. It is being studied in the treatment of melanoma that has spread to distant parts of the body. IgG-RFT5-dgA is made in the laboratory. It can find and kill certain white blood cells that prevent the immune system from killing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant immunotoxin consisting of the anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody RFT5 fused to the deglycosylated ricin A-chain (dgA) with potential antitumor activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of RFT5-dgA immunotoxin attaches to CD25 (the alpha chain of the IL-2 receptor complex) on the cell membrane; after internalization, the dgA moiety cleaves the N-glycosidic bond between the ribose and adenine base at position 4324 in 28S ribosomal RNA, resulting in ribosome inactivation, inhibition of protein synthesis, and cell death. CD25 is expressed on activated normal T and B cells and macrophages and is frequently upregulated in many hematologic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD25 Immunotoxin IMTOX25","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMTOX25","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IgG-RFT5-dgA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IgG-RFT5-dgA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RFT5-dgA Immunotoxin IMTOX25","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RFT5-dgA Immunotoxin IMTOX25","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RFT5-dgA immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831838"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486413"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486413"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"RFT5-dgA_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C118670":{"preferredName":"Rhenium Re 188 BMEDA-labeled Liposomes","code":"C118670","definitions":[{"description":"A liposome-based preparation consisting of the beta- and gamma-emitting radionuclide rhenium Re 188 (Re 188) linked to the chelator N,N-bis (2-mercaptoethyl)-N',N'-diethylethylenediamine (BMEDA) and encapsulated in liposomes, with potential tumor imaging and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous infusion of rhenium Re 188 BMEDA-labeled liposomes, the liposomes selectively target tumor cells, facilitate the retention of the radioisotope by those cells, and cause localized antitumor radiocytotoxicity while sparing surrounding normal, healthy cells. In addition, Re 188 BMEDA-labeled liposomes can be used for imaging purposes. Re 188 has a short half-life and a short path length, which further contribute to limiting the radiotoxicity to the tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(188) Re-BMEDA-liposomes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"188Re-BMEDA-liposomes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"188Re-N,N-bis (2-Mercaptoethyl)-N',N'-diethylethylenediamine-labeled Liposomes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium Re 188 BMEDA-labeled Liposomes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3897117"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765863"}]}}{"C1562":{"preferredName":"Rhenium Re-186 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate","code":"C1562","definitions":[{"description":"An synthetic compound containing the organic phosphonate hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate (HEDP) labeled with the radioisotope rhenium Re 186. Re-186 hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate binds to hydroxyapatite in bone, delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to primary and metastatic bone tumors. Re-186 is a beta emitter with a short half-life, a radioisotope profile that provides localized antitumor radiocytotoxicity while sparing extramedullary bone marrow tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"186Re-Etidronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re 186 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re-186 HEDP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re-186 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium Re 186 Etidronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium Re-186 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium-186 HEDP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280809"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"140709-07-5"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41205"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41205"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Re_186_Hydroxyethylidene_Diphosphonate"}]}}{"C91390":{"preferredName":"Rhenium Re-188 Ethiodized Oil","code":"C91390","definitions":[{"description":"A rhenium (Re) 188 conjugate of ethiodized oil (lipiodol), an iodinated ethyl ester derived from poppy seed oil, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon hepatic intra-arterial injection rhenium Re 188 ethiodized oil accumulates in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor cells, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of radiation through Re 188 directly to the tumor cells. This may kill tumor cells while sparing surrounding normal cells and tissues. Compared to iodine I 131, Re 188 has a shorter half-life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rhenium Re 188 Lipiodol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium Re-188 Ethiodized Oil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1530677"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674326"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"674326"}]}}{"C156698":{"preferredName":"Rhenium Re-188 Etidronate","code":"C156698","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic compound containing the bisphosphonate etidronate (hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate, HEDP) labeled with rhenium Re188, a beta-emitting radioisotope with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Re-188 etidronate binds to hydroxyapatite in bone, delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to primary and metastatic bone tumors. The beta-radiation may provide localized anti-tumor radiotoxicity while sparing extramedullary bone marrow tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"188Re-HEDP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"88Re-Etidronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re 188 Etidronic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re 188 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re-188 Etidronate","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re-188 HEDP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re-188 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Re-188Etidronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium Re-188 Etidronate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium Re-188 Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate (SY)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium-188 Etidronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhenium-188 HEDP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935713"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795714"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795714"}]}}{"C1218":{"preferredName":"Rhizoxin","code":"C1218","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It comes from a fungus and is similar to vinca alkaloid drugs. It belongs to the family of drugs called antimitotic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A macrocyclic lactone. Rhizoxin binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule assembly, thereby inducing cytotoxicity. This agent also may inhibit endothelial cell-induced angiogenic activity, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RHIZOXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rhizoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WF-1360","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhizoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"332598"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073184"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"90996-54-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C1V1Y784E4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41718"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41718"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rhizoxin"}]}}{"C151937":{"preferredName":"RhoC Peptide Vaccine RV001V","code":"C151937","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine composed of an immunogenic peptide derived from the Ras homolog family member C (RhoC; Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoC) that is emulsified in the immunoadjuvant montanide ISA-51, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, RhoC peptide vaccine RV001V may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing RhoC, which results in tumor cell lysis. RhoC, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, is associated with increased metastatic potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RV 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RV 001V","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RV001 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RV001V","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RhoC Peptide Vaccine RV001V","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553276"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793139"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793139"}]}}{"C95701":{"preferredName":"Ribociclib","code":"C95701","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor targets at cyclin D1/CDK4 and cyclin D3/CDK6 cell cycle pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Ribociclib specifically inhibits CDK4 and 6, thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, thereby arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase, suppressing DNA synthesis and inhibiting cancer cell growth. Overexpression of CDK4/6, as seen in certain types of cancer, causes cell cycle deregulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-Cyclopentyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kisqali","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEE-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEE011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIBOCICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ribociclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ribociclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4045494"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1211441-98-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TK8ERE8P56"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689330"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"689330"}]}}{"C154675":{"preferredName":"Ribociclib/Letrozole","code":"C154675","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available co-packaged agent combination of ribociclib, a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor targeting cyclin D1/CDK4 and cyclin D3/CDK6, and letrozole, a nonsteroidal inhibitor of estrogen synthesis, with antineoplastic activity. Ribociclib specifically inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) phosphorylation. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, thereby arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase, suppressing DNA synthesis and inhibiting cancer cell growth. Letrozole selectively and reversibly inhibits aromatase, which may result in growth inhibition of estrogen-dependent cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kisqali Femara Co-pack","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kisqali and Femara Co-pack","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kisqali/Femara","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribociclib + Letrozole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribociclib Plus Letrozole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribociclib and Letrozole Co-pack","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribociclib-Letrozole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribociclib-Letrozole Regimen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribociclib/Letrozole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL759918"}]}}{"C82689":{"preferredName":"Ribonuclease QBI-139","code":"C82689","definitions":[{"description":"A nuclease of mammalian origin that cleaves the phosphodiester bond between nucleotides of ribonucleic acids with potential antineoplastic activity. Ribonuclease QBI-139 catalyzes the hydrolysis and degradation of RNA leading to the inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"QBI-139","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RNase QBI-139","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribonuclease QBI-139","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ribonuclease QBI-139","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388476"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633695"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633695"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ribonuclease_QBI-139"}]}}{"C78188":{"preferredName":"Aviscumine","code":"C78188","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant protein that inactivates the ribosome with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Aviscumine binds to the cell surface sialyltransferase CD75 and is internalized; intracellularly, aviscumine cleaves an adenine-specific N-glycosidic bond on the 28S ribosomal subunit, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis. This agent has also been shown to activate natural killer (NK) cells, induce cytokine receptor expression, and stimulate the release of cytokines. CD75 is expressed on mature B-cells and subsets of T-cells and erythrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVISCUMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Aviscumine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CY 503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CY-503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CY503","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toxin ML-I (Mistletoe Lectin I) (Viscum album)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383580"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"223577-45-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4B18YVW82N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594770"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594770"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ribosome-Inactivating_Protein_CY503"}]}}{"C1865":{"preferredName":"Ribozyme RPI.4610","code":"C1865","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. RPI.4610 is a special type of RNA made in the laboratory. It stops a protein called vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) from being made. This may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of angiogenesis inhibitor and a type of ribozyme.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nuclease-stabilized synthetic ribozyme (ribonucleic acid enzyme) with potential anti-angiogenesis activity. Ribozyme RPI.4610 specifically recognizes the mRNA for FLT1 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1; VEGFR1), and hydrolyzes the mRNA, thereby preventing VEGFR1 proteins from being made. This may prevent VEGF-stimulated angiogenesis in cancerous tissue and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiozyme","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiozyme","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Anti-Flt-1 Ribozyme","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RPI.4610","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RPI.4610","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RPI4610","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribozyme RPI.4610","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0908892"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38358"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38358"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Angiozyme"}]}}{"C111686":{"preferredName":"Rice Bran","code":"C111686","definitions":[{"description":"The nutrient-rich hard outer layer of the rice cereal grain, with potential chemopreventive, antioxidant, iron chelating, anticholesterol and anti-inflammatory activities. Rice bran is rich in fiber, such as beta-glucan, pectin and gum; it also comprises vitamins and minerals, such as iron, magnesium and phosphorus, and essential fatty acids. In addition, Rice bran contains various bioactive components, including ferulic acid, tricin, beta-sitosterol, gamma-oryzanol, phytic acid, and inositol hexaphosphate (IP6). The potential anticancer activity of rice bran may be due to the synergistic effects of these phytochemicals on their ability to induce apoptosis, inhibit cell proliferation, and alter cell cycle progression in cancer cells. Rice bran's bioactive components also protect against tissue damage by scavenging free radicals and blocking chronic inflammatory responses. In addition, they are able to modulate the gut microflora and carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes, thereby further exerting a chemopreventive effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RICE BRAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rice Bran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3810876"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R60QEP13IC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752814"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752814"}]}}{"C96431":{"preferredName":"Ricolinostat","code":"C96431","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ricolinostat selectively targets and binds to HDAC6, thereby disrupting the Hsp90 protein chaperone system through hyperacetylation of Hsp90 and preventing the subsequent aggresomal protein degradation. This leads to an accumulation of unfolded and misfolded ubiquitinated proteins and may eventually induce cancer cell apoptosis, and inhibition of cancer cell growth. HDAC6, a class II HDAC deacetylase located in the cytoplasm, appears to play a key role in the formation and activation of the aggresomes needed for degradation of misfolded proteins. Compared to non-selective HDAC inhibitor, ACY-1215 is able to reduce the toxic effects on normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(Diphenylamino)-N-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACY-1215","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone Deacetylase 6 InhibitorACY-1215","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RICOLINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ricolinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ricolinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3492270"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WKT909C62B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698408"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698408"}]}}{"C49061":{"preferredName":"Ridaforolimus","code":"C49061","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of soft tissue and bone cancers. It is also being studied in the treatment of other solid tumors and hematologic cancer. Ridaforolimus stops cells from dividing and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of mTOR inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small molecule and non-prodrug analogue of the lipophilic macrolide antibiotic rapamycin with potential antitumor activity. Ridaforolimus binds to and inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which may result in cell cycle arrest and, consequently, the inhibition of tumor cell growth and proliferation. Upregulated in some tumors, mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase involved in regulating cellular proliferation, motility, and survival that is located downstream of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP23573","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP23573","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Deforolimus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-8669","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIDAFOROLIMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rapamycin, 42-(dimethylphosphinate)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ridaforolimus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ridaforolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ridaforolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2713007"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"572924-54-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"48Z35KB15K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354223"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354223"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C53H84NO14P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AP23573"}]}}{"C152216":{"preferredName":"Rigosertib","code":"C152216","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic benzyl styryl sulfone analogue and Ras mimetic, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, rigosertib targets and binds to Ras-binding domain (RBD) found in many Ras effector proteins, including Raf kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). This prevents Ras from binding to its targets and inhibits Ras-mediated signaling pathways, including Ras/Raf/Erk, Ras/CRAF/polo-like kinase1 (Plk1), and Ras/ PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. This induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in a variety of susceptible tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glycine, N-(2-methoxy-5-((((1E)-2-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)sulfonyl) methyl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-Methoxy-5-((((1E)-2-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)sulfonyl)methyl) phenyl)glycine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ON 01910","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIGOSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rigosertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rigosertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553420"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"592542-59-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"67DOW7F9GL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C71355":{"preferredName":"Rigosertib Sodium","code":"C71355","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks certain proteins that are needed for cell growth and may kill cancer cells. ON 01910.Na is a type of protein kinase inhibitor and a type of benzyl styryl sulfone analog.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt form of rigosertib, a synthetic benzyl styryl sulfone analogue and Ras mimetic, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, rigosertib targets and binds to Ras-binding domain (RBD) found in many Ras effector proteins, including Raf kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). This prevents Ras from binding to its targets and inhibits Ras-mediated signaling pathways, including Ras/Raf/Erk, Ras/CRAF/polo-like kinase1 (Plk1), and Ras/ PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. This induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in a variety of susceptible tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ON 01910.Na","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ON 01910.Na","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Polo-like kinase 1 Inhibitor ON 01910.Na","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIGOSERTIB SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rigosertib Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rigosertib Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467794"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"592542-60-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"406FL5G00V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573371"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573371"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H24NO8S.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polo-like_kinase_1_Inhibitor_ON_01910_Na"}]}}{"C38681":{"preferredName":"Rilimogene Galvacirepvec","code":"C38681","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine formulation consisting of recombinant vaccinia virus encoding prostate specific antigen (PSA) and recombinant vaccinia virus encoding three co-stimulatory molecule transgenes B7.1, ICAM-1, and LFA-3 (TRICOM). Vaccination with PSA in combination with TRICOM may enhance antigen presentation, resulting in the augmentation of a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing PSA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PROSTVAC","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostvac-V","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vaccinia-PSA(L155)-TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vaccinia-PSA(L155)/TRICOM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vaccinia-PSA(L155)/TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rilimogene Galvacirepvec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rilimogene Galvacirepvec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rVaccinia-PSA(L155)-TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rVaccinia-Prostate-Specific Antigen/TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"717170"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519903"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1225283-43-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"305934"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"305934"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vaccinia-PSA-TRICOM_Vaccine"}]}}{"C132990":{"preferredName":"Rilimogene Galvacirepvec/Rilimogene Glafolivec","code":"C132990","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine formulation consisting of rilimogene galvacirepvec (V-PSA-TRICOM; PROSTVAC-V), a recombinant vaccinia virus, and rilimogene glafolivec (F-PSA-TRICOM; PROSTVAC-F), a recombinant fowlpox virus, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Both viruses encode modified forms of human prostate specific antigen (PSA) and the three co-stimulatory molecule transgenes (TRIad of COstimulatory Molecules; TRICOM), B7.1 (CD80), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (LFA-3). Using a prime-boost vaccine regimen, with a primary vaccination of rilimogene galvacirepvec followed by multiple booster vaccinations of rilimogene glafolivec, the PSA-TRICOM vaccines infect antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs). Upon processing and expression of the PSA and TRICOM proteins on their surfaces, the DCs are able to initiate cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses against PSA-expressing cancer cells. The combination of PSA and TRICOM greatly enhances T-cell activation and T-cell-mediated tumor cell killing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PROSTVAC","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROSTVAC-V-PROSTVAC-F","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROSTVAC-V/F","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROSTVAC-VF-TRICOM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROSTVAC-VF/TRICOM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vaccinia-B7.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vaccinia-B7.1 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Vaccinia-Fowlpox-Prostate-specific Antigen-TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rilimogene Galvacirepvec-Rilimogene Glafolivec","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rilimogene Galvacirepvec/Rilimogene Glafolivec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rilimogene Galvacirepvec/Rilimogene Glafolivec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520248"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787601"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787601"}]}}{"C29560":{"preferredName":"Rilimogene Glafolivec","code":"C29560","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant fowlpox virus encoding fragment of human prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA:154-163 (155L), and a TRIad of COstimulatory Molecules (B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3) (TRICOM). Administration of this agent may induce a cytotoxic T cell response against PSA-expressing tumor cells. Dendritic cells infected with TRICOM vectors greatly enhance naive T-cell activation and peptide-specific T-cell stimulation. Fowlpox virus is an attractive vector because its genome is easy to manipulate and it is replication incompetent in mammalian cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PROSTVAC-F","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Fowlpox-PSA(L155)/TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rilimogene Glafolivec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rilimogene Glafolivec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rFowlpox-PSA(L155)/TRICOM Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"717171"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515688"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"305933"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"305933"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"rFowlpox-PSA_L155_TRICOM"}]}}{"C67079":{"preferredName":"Rilotumumab","code":"C67079","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It binds to a protein called hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which may cause cancer cells to grow. Blocking this may cause cancer cells to die. AMG 102 is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody directed against the human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HGF monoclonal antibody AMG 102 binds to and neutralizes HGF, preventing the binding of HGF to its receptor c-Met and so c-Met activation; inhibition of c-Met-mediated signal transduction may result in the induction of apoptosis in cells expressing c-Met. c-Met (HGF receptor or HGFR), a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in a variety of epithelial cancer cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG 102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Anti-HGF Monoclonal Antibody AMG 102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fully Human Anti-HGF Monoclonal Antibody AMG 102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RILOTUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rilotumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rilotumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-HGF monoclonal antibody AMG 102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2743963"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"872514-65-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"51WEW898IJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536240"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536240"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-HGF_Monoclonal_Antibody_AMG_102"}]}}{"C69076":{"preferredName":"Rindopepimut","code":"C69076","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a human epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIIi)-specific peptide conjugated to the non-specific immunomodulator keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with rindopepimut may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing EGFRvIII. EGFRvIII, a functional variant of EGFR that is not expressed in normal tissues, was originally discovered in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and has also been found in various other cancers such as breast, ovarian, metastatic prostate, colorectal, and head and neck cancers. EGFRvIII contains an 83 amino acid deletion in its extracellular domain and has been shown to transform NIH/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells in vitro.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFRvIII Vaccine CDX-110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Cysteine, L-leucyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-lysyl-L-lysylglycyl-L-asparaginyl-L-tyrosyl-L-valyl-L-valyl-L-threonyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-histidyl-S-(1-((4-carboxycyclohexyl)methyl)-2,5-dioxo-3-pyrrolidinyl)-, complex with hemocyanin (Megathura crenulata)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-04948568","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RINDOPEPIMUT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rindopepimut","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rindopepimut","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3181262"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"946156-74-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Immunotherapy for glioblastoma multiforme"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K3L4X0501F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"546970"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"546970"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-EGFRvIII_Vaccine_CDX-110"}]}}{"C156737":{"preferredName":"RIPK1 Inhibitor GSK3145095","code":"C156737","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small-molecule inhibitor of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1; receptor-interacting protein 1; RIP1) with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon administration, GSK3145095 disrupts RIPK1-mediated signaling, which may reduce C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1)-driven recruitment and migration of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This allows effector cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), to kill and eliminate cancer cells. RIPK1, a serine-threonine kinase that normally plays a key role in inflammation and cell death in response to tissue damage and pathogen recognition, is overexpressed in certain cancer types and may be associated with oncogenesis and promotion of the immunosuppressive nature of the TME.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK 3145095","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-3145095","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK3145095","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIPK1 Inhibitor GSK3145095","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RIPK1 Inhibitor GSK3145095","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Receptor-interacting Serine/Threonine-protein Kinase 1 Inhibitor GSK3145095","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935900"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795835"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795835"}]}}{"C124067":{"preferredName":"Ripretinib","code":"C124067","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable switch pocket control inhibitor of wild-type and mutated forms of the tumor-associated antigens (TAA) mast/stem cell factor receptor (SCFR) KIT and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR-alpha; PDGFRa), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ripretinib targets and binds to both wild-type and mutant forms of KIT and PDGFRa specifically at their switch pocket binding sites, thereby preventing the switch from inactive to active conformations of these kinases and inactivating their wild-type and mutant forms. This abrogates KIT/PDGFRa-mediated tumor cell signaling and prevents proliferation in KIT/PDGFRa-driven cancers. DCC-2618 also inhibits several other kinases, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2; KDR), angiopoietin-1 receptor (TIE2; TEK), PDGFR-beta and macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (FMS; CSF1R), thereby further inhibiting tumor cell growth. KIT and PDGFRa are tyrosine kinase receptors that are upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cell types; mutated forms play a key role in the regulation of tumor cell proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-N'-[2,5-difluoro-4-[2-(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-4-yl]oxyphenyl]-1-N'-phenylcyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCC-2618","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCC2618","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KIT/PDGFR Inhibitor DCC-2618","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Qinlock","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIPRETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ripretinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502501"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1225278-16-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"adult patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) who have received prior treatment with 3 or more kinase inhibitors, including imatinib."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9XW757O13D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776638"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776638"}]}}{"C131306":{"preferredName":"Risperidone Formulation in Rumenic Acid","code":"C131306","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable capsule formulation containing the antipsychotic agent risperidone suspended in the lipid rumenic acid, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of VAL401, risperidone may, through an as of yet not elucidated mechanism of action, reduce cellular activity and tumor cell proliferation in multiple cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Risperidone Formulation in Rumenic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Risperidone Lipid Formulation VAL401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAL-401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAL401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514450"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785676"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785676"}]}}{"C75294":{"preferredName":"Ritrosulfan","code":"C75294","definitions":[{"description":"A sulfonate-based alkylation agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Ritrosulfan appears to alkylate DNA, thereby producing DNA crosslinks, resulting in cell cycle arrest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lycurim","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-74","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RITROSULFAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ritrosulfan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073401"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4148-16-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YIY0662KX9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H24N2O8S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ritrosulfan"}]}}{"C1702":{"preferredName":"Rituximab","code":"C1702","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is also used with other drugs to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia and rheumatoid arthritis. It is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer and other conditions. Rituximab binds to a protein called CD20, which is found on B-cells, and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant chimeric murine/human antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, a hydrophobic transmembrane protein located on normal pre-B and mature B lymphocytes. Following binding, rituximab triggers a host cytotoxic immune response against CD20-positive cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABP 798","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 695500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C2B8 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT-P10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chimeric Anti-CD20 Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDEC-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDEC-C2B8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDEC-C2B8 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MabThera","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody IDEC-C2B8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-05280586","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RITUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RTXM83","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituxan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituxan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Rituximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rituximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rituximab ABBS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar ABP 798","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar BI 695500","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar CT-P10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar GB241","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar IBI301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar JHL1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar PF-05280586","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar RTXM83","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar SAIT101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Biosimilar SIBP-02","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Truxima","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rituximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rituximab biosimilar TQB2303","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rituximab-abbs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"687451"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0393022"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"174722-31-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Diffuse Large B-cell, CD20-positive, Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (NHL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4F4X42SYQ6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42613"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42613"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rituximab"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64357"}]}}{"C136821":{"preferredName":"Rituximab and Hyaluronidase Human","code":"C136821","definitions":[{"description":"A combination preparation of rituximab, a genetically engineered chimeric murine/human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, and the recombinant form of the human enzyme hyaluronidase, with antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration of rituximab and hyaluronidase human, the hyaluronidase reversibly depolymerizes the polysaccharide hyaluronan in the subcutaneous tissue. This increases the permeability of the subcutaneous tissue and enhances the absorption of rituximab into the systemic circulation. In turn, rituximab targets and binds to CD20 expressed on tumor cells, and induces tumor cell lysis primarily through the induction of complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). When administered subcutaneously, hyaluronidase, an endoglycosidase, increases the dispersion and absorption of co-administered drugs. CD20 is expressed on the surface of pre-B and mature B-lymphocytes, and is overexpressed in a variety of B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rituxan Hycela","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Plus Hyaluronidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab and Hyaluronidase Human","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rituximab and Hyaluronidase Human","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab/Hyaluronidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab/Hyaluronidase Human","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524655"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789585"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789585"}]}}{"C148162":{"preferredName":"Rituximab Conjugate CON-4619","code":"C148162","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary conjugate of rituximab, a recombinant chimeric murine/human antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the rituximab conjugate CON-4619, the rituximab moiety targets and binds to CD20, a hydrophobic transmembrane protein located on normal pre-B and mature B lymphocytes. Following binding, rituximab triggers a host cytotoxic immune response against CD20-positive cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurixim","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aurixim Antibody Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CON-4619","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rituximab Conjugate CON-4619","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550782"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792533"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792533"}]}}{"C64762":{"preferredName":"Riviciclib","code":"C64762","definitions":[{"description":"A flavone and cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Riviciclib selectively binds to and inhibits Cdk4/cyclin D1, Cdk1/cyclin B and Cdk9/cyclin T1, serine/threonine kinases that play key roles in the regulation of the cell cycle and cellular proliferation. Inhibition of these kinases leads to cell cycle arrest during the G1/S transition, thereby leading to an induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor P276","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-276-00 Free Base","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P276","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P276-00","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIVICICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Riviciclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Riviciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832023"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"920113-02-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9EK26WE8QN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529362"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"529362"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"P276"}]}}{"C152237":{"preferredName":"Rivoceranib","code":"C152237","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, rivoceranib selectively binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, which may inhibit VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell migration and proliferation and decrease tumor microvessel density. In addition, this agent mildly inhibits c-Kit and c-SRC tyrosine kinases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"-Pyridinecarboxamide, N-(4-(1-cyanocyclopentyl)phenyl)-2-((4-pyridinylmethyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apatinib Free Base","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIVOCERANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rivoceranib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rivoceranib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553441"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5S371K6132"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C74012":{"preferredName":"Rivoceranib Mesylate","code":"C74012","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt of rivoceranib, an orally bioavailable, small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Rivoceranib selectively binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, which may inhibit VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell migration and proliferation and decrease tumor microvessel density. In addition, this agent mildly inhibits c-Kit and c-SRC tyrosine kinases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIVOCERANIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rivoceranib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rivoceranib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YN-968D1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YN968D1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346836"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1218779-75-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TK02X14ASJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592508"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592508"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rivoceranib Mesylate"}]}}{"C114976":{"preferredName":"RNR Inhibitor COH29","code":"C114976","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, aromatically substituted thiazole and inhibitor of the human ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the RNR inhibitor COH29 binds to the ligand-binding pocket of the RNR M2 subunit (hRRM2) near the C-terminal tail. This blocks the interaction between the hRRM1 and hRRM2 subunits and interferes with the assembly of the active hRRM1/hRRM2 complex of RNR. Inhibition of RNR activity decreases the pool of deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates available for DNA synthesis. The resulting decrease in DNA synthesis causes cell cycle arrest and growth inhibition. In addition, this agent may inhibit the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1, which prevents the repair of damaged DNA, and causes both the accumulation of single and double strand DNA breaks and the induction of apoptosis. RNR, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ribonucleoside diphosphate to deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate, is essential for de novo DNA synthesis and plays an important role in cell growth; it is overexpressed in many cancer cell types and is associated with increased drug resistance, cancer cell growth and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COH-29","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COH-29","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"COH29","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylthiazol-2-yl)-3,4-dihydroxybenzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RNR Inhibitor COH29","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RNR Inhibitor COH29","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ribonucleotide Reductase Holoenzyme Inhibitor COH29","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896938"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"07802BU06S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759501"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759501"}]}}{"C71527":{"preferredName":"Robatumumab","code":"C71527","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-IGF-1R fully human monoclonal antibody SCH 717454 binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing binding of the ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent triggering of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; downregulation of this survival pathway may result in the induction of apoptosis and decreased cellular proliferation. The activation of IGF-1R, a tyrosine kinase and a member of the insulin receptor family, stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis; IGF-1R signaling has been highly implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody SCH 717454","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Receptor) (Human Monoclonal SCH 717454 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal SCH 717454 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROBATUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Robatumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Robatumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sch717454","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3467798"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"934235-44-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V983921H3B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577364"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577364"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-IGF-1R_Recombinant_Monoclonal_Antibody_SCH_717454"}]}}{"C77907":{"preferredName":"Rocapuldencel-T","code":"C77907","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine in which autologous dendritic cells are transfected with patient-specific renal cell carcinoma (RCC) RNA and a synthetic, truncated human CD40 ligand (CD40L) RNA with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Individual RCC-specific RNA, encoding a unique repertoire of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) (including telomerase reverse transcriptase, G250, and oncofetal antigen) is electroporated into autologous dendritic cells (DCs), transfected with synthetic RNA that encodes a truncated version of the T-cell protein CD40L; the transfected autologous DCs express and process both patient-specific RCC TAAs and the truncated CD40L protein. When reintroduced back to the patient, rocapuldencel-T may elicit a highly specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against RCC cells expressing the patient-specific RCC TAA repertoire. The signal cascade initiated by stimulation of the truncated, ectopically expressed co-stimulatory molecule CD40L results in the secretion of the inflammatory cytokine IL-12 downstream.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGS-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMN-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROCAPULDENCEL-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rocapuldencel-T","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rocapuldencel-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387046"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8I9S6401XZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599024"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Renal_Tumor_RNA_CD40L-Transfected_Dendritic_Cell_Vaccine"}]}}{"C99905":{"preferredName":"Rociletinib","code":"C99905","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule, irreversible inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Rociletinib binds to and inhibits mutant forms of EGFR, including T790M, thereby leading to cell death of resistant tumor cells. Compared to other EGFR inhibitors, CO-1686 inhibits T790M, a secondary acquired resistance mutation, as well as other mutant EGFRs and may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated resistance to other EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type EGFR, hence does not cause certain dose-limiting toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CO-1686","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-((2-((4-(4-Acetylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)amino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)phenyl)prop-2-enamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROCILETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rociletinib","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rociletinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rociletinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4045493"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1374640-70-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"72AH61702G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"725346"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"725346"}]}}{"C97275":{"preferredName":"Rodorubicin","code":"C97275","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic tetraglycosidic anthracycline antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Rodorubicin appears to intercalate DNA and causes cell death. Due to its severe cardiotoxic effects, this agent was never marketed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cytorhodin S","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLB 817","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RODORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rodorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073554"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"96497-67-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XCZ4D2241Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C48H64N2O17"}]}}{"C1832":{"preferredName":"Rofecoxib","code":"C1832","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that was being used for pain relief and was being studied for its ability to prevent cancer and to prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and a type of antiangiogenesis agent. Rofecoxib was taken off the market in the U.S. because of safety concerns.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, nonsteroidal derivative of phenyl-furanone with antiinflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties and potential antineoplastic properties. Rofecoxib binds to and inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), resulting in an inhibition of the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. COX-related metabolic pathways may represent key regulators of cell proliferation and neo-angiogenesis. Some epithelial tumor cell types overexpress pro-angiogenic COX-2. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-[4'-(Methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-3-phenyl-2(5H)-furanone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 966","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROFECOXIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rofecoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Rofecoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vioxx","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vioxx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rofecoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"720256"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0762662"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"162011-90-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Pain; dysmenorrhea; osteoarthritis; rheumatoid arthritis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0QTW8Z7MCR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38568"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38568"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H14O4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rofecoxib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8887"}]}}{"C76890":{"preferredName":"Roflumilast","code":"C76890","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, long-acting inhibitor of phosphodiesterase (PDE) type 4 (PDE4), with anti-inflammatory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, roflumilast and its active metabolite roflumilast N-oxide selectively and competitively bind to and inhibit PDE4, which leads to an increase of both intracellular levels of cyclic-3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cAMP-mediated signaling. cAMP prevents phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and abrogates activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which may result in the induction of apoptosis. PDE4, a member of the PDE superfamily that hydrolyses cAMP and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) to their inactive 5' monophosphates, is upregulated in a variety of cancers and may contribute to chemoresistance; it also plays a key role in inflammation, especially in inflammatory airway diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Cyclopropylmethoxy-N-(3,5-dichloropyridin-4-yl)-4-(difluoromethoxy)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B9302-107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BY217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BYK20869","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daliresp","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROFLUMILAST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Roflumilast","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Roflumilast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0965618"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"162401-32-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0P6C6ZOP5U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750521"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"750521"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H14Cl2F2N2O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Roflumilast"}]}}{"C112205":{"preferredName":"Rogaratinib","code":"C112205","definitions":[{"description":"A pan inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Rogaratinib inhibits the activities of FGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of both tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. FGFRs are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases, which may be upregulated in various tumor cell types and may be involved in tumor cell differentiation and proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-((4-Amino-6-(methoxymethyl)-5-(7-methoxy-5-methyl-1-benzothiophen-2-yl)pyrrolo(2,1-f)(1,2,4)triazin-7-yl)methyl)piperazin-2-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1163877","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1163877","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROGARATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rogaratinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rogaratinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454405"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1443530-05-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"98BSN6N516"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754526"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"754526"}]}}{"C1427":{"preferredName":"Rogletimide","code":"C1427","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active aminoglutethimide derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Rogletimide reversibly inhibits the activity of aromatase, a cytochrome P450 family enzyme found in many tissues and the key enzyme in the oxidative aromatization process of androgens to estrogens. In estrogen-dependent cancers, the inhibition of aromatase by this agent leads to a reduction in the synthesis of estrogen, thereby inhibiting estrogen-mediated signal transduction and consequently reducing tumor cell growth. In addition, rogletimide also inhibits enzymes that catalyzing conversion of cholesterol to corticosteroids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pyridoglutethimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Pyridoglutethimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROGLETIMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rogletimide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Rogletimide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"619778"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0164550"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"92788-10-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"14P4QR28QF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41461"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41461"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H14N2O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rogletimide"}]}}{"C1544":{"preferredName":"Romidepsin","code":"C1544","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. Romidepsin is a type of depsipeptide and histone deacetylase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bicyclic depsipeptide antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Chromobacterium violaceum with antineoplastic activity. After intracellular activation, romidepsin binds to and inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC), resulting in alterations in gene expression and the induction of cell differentiation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. This agent also inhibits hypoxia-induced angiogenesis and depletes several heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90)-dependent oncoproteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antibiotic FR 901228","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depsipeptide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FK228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FR901228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FR901228","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Istodax","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Valine, N- (3-hydroxy-7-mercapto-1-oxo-4-heptenyl)valyl- cysteinyl-2, 3-didehydro-2-aminobutanoyl-,xi-lactone, cyclic (1-2)-disulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Valine, N-(3-Hydroxy-7-Mercapto-1-Oxo-4-Heptenyl)-D-Valyl-D-Cysteinyl-(Z)-2,3 -Didehydro-2-Aminobutanoyl-, xi-Lactone, Cyclic (1-2)-Disulfide, (S-(E))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[(3S,4E)-3-Hydroxy-7-mercapto-1-oxo-4-heptenyl]-D-valyl-D-cysteinyl-(2Z)-2-amino-2-butenoyl-L-valine, (4-1) Lactone, Cyclic","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[(3S,4E)-3-Hydroxy-7-mercapto-1-oxo-4-heptenyl]-D-valyl-D-cysteinyl-(2Z)-2-amino-2-butenoyl-L-valine, (4->1) Lactone, Cyclic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"ROMIDEPSIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Romidepsin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Romidepsin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"depsipeptide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"romidepsin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"630176"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527027"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"128517-07-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CX3T89XQBK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42600"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42600"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H36N4O6S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Depsipeptide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:61080"}]}}{"C92579":{"preferredName":"Roniciclib","code":"C92579","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Roniciclib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK1/Cyclin B, CDK2/Cyclin E, CDK4/Cyclin D1, and CDK9/Cyclin T1, serine/threonine kinases that play key roles in the regulation of the cell cycle progression and cellular proliferation. Inhibition of these kinases leads to cell cycle arrest during the G1/S transition, thereby leading to an induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are often dysregulated in cancerous cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY1000394","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RONICICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Roniciclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Roniciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL423828"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1223498-69-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0W9Q8U337A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684718"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684718"}]}}{"C48813":{"preferredName":"Ropidoxuridine","code":"C48813","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available 5-substituted 2-pyrimidinone-2'-deoxyribonucleoside analogue and prodrug of 5-iododeoxyuridine (IUdR), an iodinated analogue of deoxyuridine, with radiosensitizing activity. Upon oral administration, ropidoxuridine (IPdR) is efficiently converted to idoxuridine (IUdR) by a hepatic aldehyde oxidase. In turn, IUdR is incorporated into DNA during replication, thereby sensitizing cells to ionizing radiation by increasing DNA strand breaks. Compared to IUdR, ropidoxuridine is associated with a lower toxicity profile and improved anti-tumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 1-(2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-5-iodo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Iodo-2-pyrimidinone 2' deoxyribonucleoside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Iodo-2-pyrimidinone-2'-deoxyribose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPdR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROPIDOXURIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ropidoxuridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ropidoxuridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"726188"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0088688"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"93265-81-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3HX21A3SQF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770080"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770080"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H11IN2O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_5-Iodo-2-Pyrimidinone-2-Deoxyribose"}]}}{"C1519":{"preferredName":"Roquinimex","code":"C1519","definitions":[{"description":"A quinoline-3-carboxamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Roquinimex inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and basement membrane invasion; reduces the secretion of the angiogenic factor tumor necrosis factor alpha by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs); and inhibits angiogenesis. This agent is also an immune modulator that appears to alter cytokine profiles and enhance the activity of T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-N,1-dimethyl-2-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxanilide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,2-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-N,1-dimethyl-2-oxo-N-phenyl-3-quinolinecarboxamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"1,2-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-N,1-dimethyl-2-oxo-N-phenyl-3-quinolinecarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCF 89","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LS 2616","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Linomide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Phenyl-N-methyl-1,2-dihydro-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-oxoquinoline-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROQUINIMEX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Roquinimex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0244748"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"84088-42-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"372T2944C0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41410"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41410"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H16N2O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Roquinimex"}]}}{"C131294":{"preferredName":"Cintirorgon","code":"C131294","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable agonist of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORg), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of cintirorgon, this agent selectively binds to the nuclear receptor transcription factor RORg, forming a receptor complex that translocates to the nucleus, and binds to ROR response elements (ROREs), enhancing the function, proliferation and survival of type 17 T-cells, including Th17 (helper T-cells) and Tc17 (cytotoxic T-cells). This may increase the expression of co-stimulatory molecules and decrease the expression of co-inhibitory molecules on T-cells leading to increased production of cytokines and chemokines by T-cells, decreased proliferation of regulatory T-cells (Tregs), and abrogation of tumor-induced immunosuppression. This ultimately induces a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells and leads to a reduction in tumor cell growth. RORg, the nuclear receptor transcription factor that is involved in Th17/Tc17 differentiation, plays a key role in immune activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CINTIRORGON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cintirorgon","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cintirorgon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYC-55716","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYC55716","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RORg Agonist LYC-55716","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514576"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2055536-64-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LPN433P0EA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786008"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786008"}]}}{"C77066":{"preferredName":"Rosabulin","code":"C77066","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule vascular disrupting agent, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Rosabulin binds to tubulin in a similar manner as colchicine and inhibits microtubule assembly. This results in the disruption of the cytoskeleton of tumor endothelial cells, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest and blockage of cell division. By destroying proliferating vascular cells, blood flow to the tumor is reduced and eventually leads to a decrease in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-[(4-Cyanophenyl)methyl]-N-(3-methyl-5-isothiazolyl)-alpha-oxo-1-indolizineacetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROSABULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rosabulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STA-5312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541461"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"501948-05-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6Z674O12T6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H16N4O2S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rosabulin"}]}}{"C2583":{"preferredName":"Rosiglitazone Maleate","code":"C2583","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that helps control the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood and is being studied in the prevention and treatment of some types of cancer. Avandia stops cells from growing and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of thiazolidinedione and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The maleate salt of rosiglitazone, an orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Rosiglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, thereby inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis. This agent also modulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes, inhibits macrophage and monocyte activation, and stimulates adipocyte differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+/-)-5-[[4-[2-(Methyl-2-pyridinylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]-2,4-thiazolidinedione, ( Z )-2-Butenedioate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avandia","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avandia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Avandia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BRL49653","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROSIGLITAZONE MALEATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rosiglitazone Maleate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rosiglitazone Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Rosiglitazone Maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rosiglitazone maleate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"717764"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0795660"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"155141-29-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Type 2 diabetes"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus and Type II Diabetes Mellitus"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KX2339DP44"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37793"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H19N3O3S.C4H4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rosiglitazone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:8892"}]}}{"C122921":{"preferredName":"Rosmantuzumab","code":"C122921","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 humanized monoclonal antibody targeting human R-spondin 3 (RSPO3), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, rosmantuzumab targets and binds to RSPO3 expressed on tumor cells. This prevents the activation of RSPO3, and inhibits both the binding of RSPO3 to leucine-rich repeat-containing G-coupled receptors (LGRs) and the activation of the RSPO-LGR pathway. This may result in an inhibition of both cancer stem cell (CSC) survival and the proliferation of cancer cells in which this pathway is overactivated. The RSPO-LGR pathway is a CSC pathway activated in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OMP-131R10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROSMANTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rosmantuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rosmantuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053609"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1684393-04-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VD026R6TCI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774650"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774650"}]}}{"C66523":{"preferredName":"Rosuvastatin","code":"C66523","definitions":[{"description":"A statin with antilipidemic and potential antineoplastic activities. Rosuvastatin selectively and competitively binds to and inhibits hepatic hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a precursor of cholesterol. This leads to a decrease in hepatic cholesterol levels and increase in uptake of LDL cholesterol. In addition, rosuvastatin, like other statins, exhibits pro-apoptotic, growth inhibitory, and pro-differentiation activities in a variety of tumor cell types; these antineoplastic activities may be due, in part, to inhibition of the isoprenylation of Ras and Rho GTPases and related signaling cascades.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ROSUVASTATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rosuvastatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rosuvastatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0965129"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"287714-41-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"413KH5ZJ73"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654583"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"654583"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H28FN3O6S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rosuvastatin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38545"}]}}{"C107678":{"preferredName":"Rovalpituzumab Tesirine","code":"C107678","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against the delta-like protein 3 (DLL3), conjugated to the cytotoxic pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer D6.5 (SC-DR002) via a maleimide-containing linker with an eight-carbon polyethylene glycol spacer and a cathepsin B-cleavable valine-alanine dipeptide, with potential antineoplastic activity. The MAb moiety of rovalpituzumab tesirine selectively binds to DLL3 on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internalization of the ADC, the dipeptide linker is cleaved and D6.5 is released. Then the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces DNA strand breaks, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death, and inhibits the proliferation of DLL3-overexpressing tumor cells. DLL3, a membrane protein that binds to Notch receptors and regulates Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, is overexpressed by certain cancers but is rarely expressed by normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ROVALPITUZUMAB TESIRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rova-T","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rovalpituzumab Tesirine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rovalpituzumab Tesirine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC0002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC16LD6.5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL451868"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1613313-09-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P256HB60FF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751419"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751419"}]}}{"C1485":{"preferredName":"Rubitecan","code":"C1485","definitions":[{"description":"An alkaloid drug belonging to a class of anticancer agents called topoisomerase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic agent related to camptothecin with potent antitumor and antiviral properties. Rubitecan binds to and inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase I and induces protein-linked DNA single-strand breaks, thereby blocking DNA and RNA synthesis in dividing cells; this agent also prevents repair of reversible single-strand DNA breaks. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-NC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-Nitro-20(S)-camptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-nitrocamptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Camptogen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitrocamptothecin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orathecin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RFS 2000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUBITECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rubitecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nitrocamptothecin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"603070"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0213800"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"91421-42-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"AIDs, pediatric; HIV infection, pediatric"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H19C446XXB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42528"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42528"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H15N3O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rubitecan"}]}}{"C137800":{"preferredName":"Rucaparib","code":"C137800","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable tricyclic indole and inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) 1 (PARP1), 2 (PARP2) and 3 (PARP3), with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, rucaparib selectively binds to PARP1, 2 and 3 and inhibits PARP-mediated DNA repair. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. PARPs are enzymes activated by single-strand DNA breaks that catalyze the post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins, which induces signaling and the recruitment of other proteins to repair damaged DNA. The PARP-mediated repair pathway plays a key role in DNA repair and is dysregulated in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6H-Pyrrolo(4,3,2-ef)(2)benzazepin-6-one, 8-Fluoro-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2-(4-((methylamino)methyl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-Fluoro-2-(4-((methylamino)methyl)phenyl)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-6H-azepino(5,4,3-cd)indol-6-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUCAPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rucaparib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rucaparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3661315"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"283173-50-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"ecurrent ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8237F3U7EH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C131178":{"preferredName":"Rucaparib Camsylate","code":"C131178","definitions":[{"description":"The camsylate salt form of rucaparib, an orally bioavailable tricyclic indole and inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) 1 (PARP1), 2 (PARP2) and 3 (PARP3), with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, rucaparib selectively binds to PARP1, 2 and 3 and inhibits PARP-mediated DNA repair. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. PARPs are enzymes activated by single-strand DNA breaks that catalyze the post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins, which induces signaling and the recruitment of other proteins to repair damaged DNA. The PARP-mediated repair pathway plays a key role in DNA repair and is dysregulated in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"8-Fluoro-2-(4-((methylamino)methyl)phenyl)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-6H-pyrrolo(4,3,2-ef)(2)benzazepin-6-one (7,7-dimethyl-2-oxobicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-1-yl)methanesulfonate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-Fluoro-2-{4-[(methylamino)methyl]phenyl}-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-6H-azepino[5,4,3-cd]indol-6-one ((1S,4R)-7,7dimethyl-2-oxobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-1-yl)methanesulfonic Acid Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bicyclo(2.2.1)heptane-1-methanesulfonic acid, 7,7-dimethyl-2-oxo-, (1S,4R)-, Compound with 8-Fluoro-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2-(4-((methylamino)methyl)phenyl)-6H-pyrrolo(4,3,2-ef)(2)benzazepin-6-one (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C0-338","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUCAPARIB CAMSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rubraca","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rucaparib Camsylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rucaparib Camsylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rucaparib Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL513492"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1859053-21-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"patients with deleterious BRCA mutation (germline and/or somatic)-associated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who have been treated with androgen receptor-directed therapy and a taxane-based chemotherapy."},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"deleterious BRCA mutation (germline and/or somatic) associated advanced ovarian cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"41AX9SJ8KO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785902"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785902"}]}}{"C78186":{"preferredName":"Rucaparib Phosphate","code":"C78186","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of breast cancers caused by mutations (changes) in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks an enzyme involved in many functions of the cell, including the repair of DNA damage. DNA damage may be caused by normal cell actions, UV light, some anticancer drugs, and radiation used to treat cancer. AG014699 may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The phosphate salt form of rucaparib, an orally bioavailable tricyclic indole and inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) 1 (PARP1), 2 (PARP2) and 3 (PARP3), with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, rucaparib selectively binds to PARP1, 2 and 3 and inhibits PARP-mediated DNA repair. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. PARPs are enzymes activated by single-strand DNA breaks that catalyze the post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins, which induces signaling and the recruitment of other proteins to repair damaged DNA. The PARP-mediated repair pathway plays a key role in DNA repair and is dysregulated in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG014699","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG014699","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PARP-1 inhibitor AG014699","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PARP1 Inhibitor PF-01367338","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-01367338","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUCAPARIB PHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rucaparib Phosphate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rucaparib Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2603422"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"459868-92-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H3M9955244"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594405"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594405"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H18FN3O.H3O4P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PARP-1_Inhibitor_AG014699"}]}}{"C38686":{"preferredName":"Ruthenium Ru-106","code":"C38686","definitions":[{"description":"A radioactive isotope of the rare element ruthenium, a member of the light platinum group. A radioactive plaque containing ruthenium 106 may be inserted into the eye to irradiate ophthalmic tumors. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ru-106","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ruthenium Ru 106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ruthenium Ru-106","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ruthenium Ru-106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0303733"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357497"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"357497"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ruthenium_106"}]}}{"C97948":{"preferredName":"Ruthenium-based Transferrin Targeting Agent NKP-1339","code":"C97948","definitions":[{"description":"A ruthenium-containing cancer agent targeting transferrin with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, NKP-1339 (Ru3+) binds to transferrin (Tf) and is taken up via Tf receptors (TfR), which are overexpressed on cancer cells. Once inside the cell, NKP-1339 is released from Tf and is reduced, within the acidic environment of the endosomes, to its active form NKP-119 (Ru2+). In turn, the active form induces a redox reaction, thereby leading to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which inhibits GRP78 and SOD, endoplasmic reticulum-stress modulating molecules as well as BAG4 and ERK, program cell death regulating molecules. This eventually induces caspase-dependent apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NKP-1339","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ruthenium-based Transferrin Targeting Agent NKP-1339","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273716"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709242"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709242"}]}}{"C77888":{"preferredName":"Ruxolitinib","code":"C77888","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable Janus-associated kinase (JAK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Ruxolitinib specifically binds to and inhibits protein tyrosine kinases JAK 1 and 2, which may lead to a reduction in inflammation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is involved in cellular proliferation, growth, hematopoiesis, and the immune response; JAK kinases may be upregulated in inflammatory diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, and various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3R)-3-cyclopentyl-3-(4-(7h-pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin-4-yl)pyrazol-1-yl)propanenitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-18424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB18424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jakafi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral JAK Inhibitor INCB18424","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUXOLITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ruxolitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ruxolitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2715577"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"941678-49-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"82S8X8XX8H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H18N6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_JAK_Inhibitor_INCB18424"}]}}{"C97937":{"preferredName":"Ruxolitinib Phosphate","code":"C97937","definitions":[{"description":"The phosphate salt form of ruxolitinib, an orally bioavailable Janus-associated kinase (JAK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Ruxolitinib specifically binds to and inhibits protein tyrosine kinases JAK 1 and 2, which may lead to a reduction in inflammation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is involved in cellular proliferation, growth, hematopoiesis, and the immune response; JAK kinases may be upregulated in inflammatory diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, and various malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3R)-3-cyclopentyl-3-(4-(7h-pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin-4-yl)pyrazol-1-yl)propanenitrile Phosphate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1H-Pyrazole-1-propanenitrile, beta-cyclopentyl-4-(7H-pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin-4-yl)-,(betaR)-, phosphate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB-18424 Phosphate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jakafi","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RUXOLITINIB PHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ruxolitinib Phosphate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ruxolitinib Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3247913"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1092939-17-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"436LRU32H5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593437"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593437"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H18N6H3O4P"}]}}{"C63661":{"preferredName":"S-Adenosylmethionine","code":"C63661","definitions":[{"description":"A nutritional supplement that is synthesized from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the amino acid methionine by the endogenous essential enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, S-adenosylmethionine acts as a methyl donor for various transmethylation reactions. In cancer cells, this agent induces the methylation of tumor promoting genes, reverses DNA hypomethylation, and leads to the suppression of oncogene transcription. This induces apoptosis in and inhibits proliferation of susceptible tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5'-[(3-Amino-3-carboxypropyl)methylsulfonio]-5'-deoxyadenosine Hydroxide, Inner Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Active Methionine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Adenosyl-l-methionine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"S-Adenosyl-l-methionine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Adenosyl-l-methionine 1,4-Butanedisulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Adenosyl-methionine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Adenosylmethionine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036002"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"29908-03-0"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776686"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"776686"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H22N6O5S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"S-Adenosylmethionine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15414"}]}}{"C120313":{"preferredName":"S-equol","code":"C120313","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, non-steroidal estrogen naturally produced by the metabolism of the isoflavonoid daidzein by human intestinal microflora, with potential chemoprotective and estrogen receptor (ER) modulating activities. S-equol preferentially binds to and activates the beta isoform of ER in certain target tissues, while having an antagonistic effect in other tissues. This modulates the expression of ER-responsive genes in a tissue-specific manner. This agent may increase bone mineral density, affect vasomotor symptoms, and may decrease the proliferation rate of susceptible cancer cells. In addition, this agent interferes with the activity of enzymes involved in steroid biosynthesis. S-equol inhibits dihydrotestosterone (DHT) production and may inhibit the proliferation of androgen-driven prostate cancer. S-equol is the biologically active enantiomer while R-equol is essentially inactive and has a weak affinity for alpha-ER.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(-)-Equol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(3S)-3,4-dihydro-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-7-ol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2H-1-benzopyran-7-ol, 3,4-Dihydro-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, (3S)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EQUOL, (-)-","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"S-equol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"S-equol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896945"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"531-95-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2T6D2HPX7Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768802"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768802"}]}}{"C106368":{"preferredName":"S1P Receptor Agonist KRP203","code":"C106368","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of 2-amino-2 propanediol (KRP-203), a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor agonist, with potential immunosuppressive activity. Upon administration of S1P receptor agonist KRP203, this agent binds to S1P receptors on lymphocytes, which prevents binding of serum S1P to S1P receptors and leads to S1P receptor internalization. This reduces the number of circulating blood leukocytes and accelerates lymphocyte homing into peripheral lymph nodes, thereby preventing their infiltration into peripheral inflammatory sites. This agent also decreases the production of inflammatory cytokines by lymphocytes, such as interferon gamma (IFN-g), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Amino-2-propanediol Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRP-203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRP203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S1P Receptor Agonist KRP203","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1570777"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749378"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"749378"}]}}{"C1706":{"preferredName":"Sabarubicin","code":"C1706","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disaccharide analogue of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Sabarubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also induces apoptosis through a p53-independent mechanism. Sabarubicin is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(7S,9S)-7-{(4-O-(3-Amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)-2,6-dideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy}-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxyacetyl)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrotetracene-5,12-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-195615","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN-10755","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN-10755","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SABARUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sabarubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0664590"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"211100-13-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XS499WOZ93"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42684"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42684"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H37NO13"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MEN-10755"}]}}{"C102783":{"preferredName":"Sacituzumab Govitecan","code":"C102783","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody drug conjugate containing the humanized monoclonal antibody, hRS7, against tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (TACSTD2 or TROP2) and linked to the active metabolite of irinotecan, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38), with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of sacituzumab govitecan selectively binds to TROP2. After internalization and proteolytic cleavage, SN-38 selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, resulting in DNA breaks that inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptosis. TROP2, also known as epithelial glycoprotein-1 (EGP-1), is a transmembrane calcium signal transducer that is overexpressed by a variety of human epithelial carcinomas; this antigen is involved in the regulation of cell-cell adhesion and its expression is associated with increased cancer growth, aggressiveness and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMMU-132","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RS7-SN38","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SACITUZUMAB GOVITECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sacituzumab Govitecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sacituzumab Govitecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sacituzumab Govitecan-hziy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trodelvy","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hRS7-SN38 Antibody Drug Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640943"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1491917-83-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M9BYU8XDQ6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736415"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736415"}]}}{"C162629":{"preferredName":"Sacubitril/Valsartan","code":"C162629","definitions":[{"description":"A combination of sacubitril and valsartan with natriuretic and anti-hypertensive properties. Upon administration, sacubitril is metabolized by esterases to its active metabolite, LBQ657 (sacubitrilat), which inhibits neprilysin, a neutral endopeptidase that cleaves natriuretic peptides such as atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and c-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), as well as certain vasoconstricting peptides including as angiotensin I and II, and endothelin-1. Inhibition of neprilysin leads to increased concentrations of endogenous natriuretic peptides, which function to activate downstream receptors that promote vasodilation, natriuresis and diuresis, while simultaneously increasing the concentration of vasoconstricting peptides such as angiotensin II. Co-administration with valsartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, prevents the vasoconstrictive effects of neprilysin inhibition and promotes a decrease in vascular resistance and blood pressure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(1-Biphenyl-4-ylmethyl-3-ethoxycarbonyl-1-butylcarbamoyl)propionate-3'-methyl-2'-(pentanoyl(2'-(tetrazol-5-ylate)biphenyl-4'-ylmethyl)amino)butyrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Valine, N-(1-oxopentyl)-N-((2'-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl)methyl)-, compd. with alpha-ethyl(alphaR,gammaS)-gamma-((3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)amino)-alpha-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-pentanoate, sodium salt, hydrate (2:2:6:5)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCZ 696","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCZ-696","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCZ696","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SACUBITRIL VALSARTAN SODIUM HYDRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sacubitril Mixture With Valsartan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sacubitril-Valsartan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sacubitril/Valsartan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sacubitril/Valsartan Sodium Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trisodium (3-(1-biphenyl-4-ylmethyl-3-ethoxycarbonyl-1-butylcarbamoyl)propionate-3'-methyl-2'-(pentanoyl(2'-(tetrazol-5-ylate)biphenyl-4'-ylmethyl)amino)butyrate) hemipentahydrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4033631"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"936623-90-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WB8FT61183"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1568":{"preferredName":"Safingol","code":"C1568","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called protein kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A saturated derivative of sphingosine. As an inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), safingol competitively binds to the regulatory phorbol-binding domain of PKC, a kinase involved in tumorigenesis. This agent has been shown to act synergistically with other chemotherapeutic agents and may potentiate chemotherapy drug-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S,3S)-2-Amino-1,3-Octadecanediol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kynacyte","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-(-)-threo-Sphingnine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Threo-Dihydrosphingosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Threo-Dihydrosphingosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-threo-2-Amino-1,3-octadecanediol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-threo-dihydrosphingosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SAFINGOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SPC-100270","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Safingol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Safingol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Safingol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Safingol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sphinganine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"safingol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"714503"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281466"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"15639-50-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OWA98U788S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41910"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41910"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H39NO2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dihydrosphingosine"}]}}{"C61072":{"preferredName":"Sagopilone","code":"C61072","definitions":[{"description":"A form of the substance epothilone that is made in the laboratory. It is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Epothilone ZK2219477 stops the growth of tumor cells by blocking cell division. It is a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fully synthetic low-molecular-weight epothilone with potential antineoplastic activity. Sagopilone binds to tubulin and induces microtubule polymerization while stabilizing microtubules against depolymerization, which may result in the inhibition of cell division, the induction of G2/M arrest, and apoptosis. The agent is not a substrate for the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump and so may exhibit activity in multidrug-resistant (MDR) tumors. The epothilone class of metabolites was originally isolated from the myxobacterium Solangium cellulosum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1S,3S,7S,10R,11S,12S,16R)-7,11-dihydroxy-8,8,12,16-tetramethyl-3-(2-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-5-yl)-10-(prop-2-enyl)-4,17-dioxabicyclo(14.1.0)heptadecane-5,9-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DE-03757","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epothilone ZK219477","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAGOPILONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SH-Y03757A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sagopilone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sagopilone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZK-219477","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZK-EPO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZK-Epothilone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"epothilone ZK219477","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2355512"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"305841-29-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KY72JU32FO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615854"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"615854"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H41NO6S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ZK219477"}]}}{"C71146":{"preferredName":"Salirasib","code":"C71146","definitions":[{"description":"A salicylic acid derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Salirasib dislodges all Ras isoforms from their membrane-anchoring sites, thereby preventing activation of RAS signaling cascades that mediated cell proliferation, differentiation, and senescence. RAS signaling is believed to be abnormally activated in one-third of human cancers, including cancers of the pancreas, colon, lung and breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(((2E,6E)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienyl)sulfanyl)benzoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Farnesylthiosalicylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SALIRASIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Salirasib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Salirasib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0297001"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"162520-00-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MZH0OM550M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"573226"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H30O2S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Salirasib"}]}}{"C2556":{"preferredName":"Salmonella VNP20009","code":"C2556","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically modified Salmonella bacterium that is injected into the tumor. It is being studied for its ability to shrink solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A genetically stable Salmonella typhimurium strain, attenuated by chromosomal deletion of the purI and msbB genes, with tumor-targeting activity. In rodent models, salmonella VNP20009 has been shown to selectively accumulate and grow in a variety of tumor types, inhibiting the growth of primary and metastatic tumors. This agent may be genetically engineered to contain transgenes that express therapeutic agents or cell surface tumor-associated antigen-specific antibodies, such as CEA-specific antibodies, which may improve its tumor targeting and therapeutic potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Auxotrophic Lipid A S. Typhimurium mutant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Live, Attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salmonella VNP20009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VNP 20009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VNP20009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879622"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37800"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37800"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"VNP20009"}]}}{"C97663":{"preferredName":"Sam68 Modulator CWP232291","code":"C97663","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and prodrug of CWP232204 targeting Src associated in mitosis, of 68 kDa (Sam68 or KHDRBS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. CWP232291 is converted in serum into its active form CWP232204 which binds to Sam68, thereby resulting in the induction of apoptosis in selective cancer cells. Due to the multimodular structure of Sam68, the apoptosis mediated by CWP232204-Sam68 interaction can attribute from 1) activation of transcription factor NF-kB induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha signaling, 2) alternative splicing of BCL-2 apoptosis gene, driving the balance towards pro-apoptotic as opposed to anti-apoptotic isoforms, 3) down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic protein survivin via Wnt signaling. Sam68, a KH domain RNA-binding protein belonging to the signal transduction and activation of RNA (STAR) family, plays a key role in various cellular processes including cell cycle progression and apoptosis; it is upregulated in many types of cancer cells and its expression is associated with increased cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CWP232291","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sam68 Modulator CWP232291","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sam68 Modulator CWP232291","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430318"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"706549"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"706549"}]}}{"C77891":{"preferredName":"Samalizumab","code":"C77891","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human immunosuppressive molecule CD200 (OX-2) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Samalizumab binds to CD200, blocking the binding of CD200 to its receptor, CD200R, present on cells of the macrophage lineage; inhibition of CD200 may augment the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) mediated immune response against CD200-expressing tumor cells. CD200 is a type 1a transmembrane protein, related to the B7 family of co-stimulatory receptors, and is upregulated on the surface of multiple hematologic malignant cells; this transmembrane protein appears to be involved in the downregulation of a Th1 (helper T cell) immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALXN6000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-(CD200 (Antigen)) (Human-mouse Monoclonal ALXN6000 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-mouse Monoclonal ALXN6000 Kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAMALIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Samalizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Samalizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383569"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1073059-33-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"64EUX713G6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593933"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593933"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD200_Monoclonal_Antibody_ALXN6000"}]}}{"C165558":{"preferredName":"Samarium Sm 153-DOTMP","code":"C165558","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate composed of the phosphonic acid chelator DOTMP (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetramethylenephosphonic acid) conjugated to the beta- and gamma-emitting radioisotope samarium Sm 153, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of samarium Sm 153-DOTMP, the DOTMP moiety targets and binds to growing bone, thereby selectively delivering samarium Sm 153-mediated cytotoxic radiation to bone tumor and metastases, which may help destroy bone metastases and mitigate pain from bone metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"153 Sm-DOTMP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"153Sm-DOTMP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CycloSam","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Samarium Sm 153-DOTMP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sm-153-1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetra(methylene)phosphonic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sm-153-1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrayltetrakis(methylene)tetrakisphosphonic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sm-153-DOTMP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978665"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799673"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799673"}]}}{"C121817":{"preferredName":"Samotolisib","code":"C121817","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of certain class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) isoforms and mammalian target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Samotolisib inhibits both certain PI3K isoforms and mTOR in an ATP-competitive manner which may inhibit both the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway in and proliferation of tumor cells overexpressing PI3K and/or mTOR. The PI3K/mTOR pathway is upregulated in a variety of tumor cells and plays a key role in promoting cancer cell proliferation, and survival, motility and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated in a PI3K-independent fashion; therefore, this agent may be more potent than an agent that inhibits either PI3K or mTOR alone. In addition, LY3023414 may inhibit DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), thereby inhibiting the ability of tumor cells to repair damaged DNA. DNA-PK is activated upon DNA damage and plays a key role in repairing double-stranded DNA breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-Imidazo(4,5-C)quinolin-2-one, 1,3-Dihydro-8-(5-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-3-pyridinyl)-1-((2S)-2-methoxypropyl)-3-methyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3023414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3023414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3023414","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor LY3023414","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SAMOTOLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Samotolisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10889","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446628"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1386874-06-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C88817F47Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738090"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738090"}]}}{"C64541":{"preferredName":"Sapacitabine","code":"C64541","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pyrimidine analogue prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Sapacitabine is hydrolyzed by amidases to the deoxycytosine analogue CNDAC (2'-Cyano-2'-deoxyarabinofuranosylcytosine), which is then phosphorylated into the active triphosphate form. As an analogue of deoxycytidine triphosphate, CNDAC triphosphate incorporates into DNA strands during replication, resulting in single-stranded DNA breaks during polymerization due to beta-elimination during the fidelity checkpoint process; cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase and apoptosis ensue. The unmetabolized prodrug may exhibit antineoplastic activity as well.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CS-682","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYC682","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(1-(2-Cyano-2-deoxy-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-4-yl)-hexadecanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAPACITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sapacitabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sapacitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0764827"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"151823-14-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W335P73C3L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513165"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"513165"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H42N4O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sapacitabine"}]}}{"C90548":{"preferredName":"Sapanisertib","code":"C90548","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of raptor-mTOR (TOR complex 1 or TORC1) and rictor-mTOR (TOR complex 2 or TORC2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Sapanisertib binds to and inhibits both TORC1 and TORC2 complexes of mTOR, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. TORC1 and 2 are upregulated in some tumors and play an important role in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which is frequently dysregulated in human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INK-128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INK128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN-0128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN0128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAPANISERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sapanisertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sapanisertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983747"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1224844-38-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JGH0DF1U03"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665687"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"665687"}]}}{"C77887":{"preferredName":"Sapitinib","code":"C77887","definitions":[{"description":"An erbB receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. erbB kinase inhibitor AZD8931 binds to and inhibits erbB tyrosine receptor kinases, which may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis in tumors expressing erbB. The erbB protein family, also called the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(4-((4-((3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)amino)-7-methoxyquinazolin-6-yl)oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-n-methylacetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD8931","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ErbB Kinase Inhibitor AZD8931","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAPITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sapitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703086"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"848942-61-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3499328002"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593099"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593099"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H25ClFN5O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ErbB_Kinase_Inhibitor_AZD8931"}]}}{"C48378":{"preferredName":"Saracatinib","code":"C48378","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. AZD0530 blocks enzymes needed for cancer growth. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally available 5-, 7-substituted anilinoquinazoline with anti-invasive and anti-tumor activities. Saracatinib is a dual-specific inhibitor of Src and Abl, protein tyrosine kinases that are overexpressed in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. This agent binds to and inhibits these tyrosine kinases and affects cell motility, cell migration, adhesion, invasion, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Specifically, Saracatinib inhibits Src kinase-mediated osteoclast bone resorption.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Quinazolinamine, N-(5-chloro-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-7-[2-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)ethoxy]-5-[(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)oxy]-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD0530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD0530","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"N-(5-Chloro-1,3-Benzodioxol-4-Yl)-7-(2-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)Ethoxy)-5-((Oxan-4-yl)Oxy)Quinazolin-4-Amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARACATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SRC Kinase Inhibitor AZD0530","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Saracatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Saracatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"735464"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2828242"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"379231-04-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9KD24QGH76"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453588"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"453588"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H32ClN5O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AZD0530"}]}}{"C95224":{"preferredName":"Saracatinib Difumarate","code":"C95224","definitions":[{"description":"The difumarate salt of saracatinib, an orally available 5-, 7-substituted anilinoquinazoline with anti-invasive and anti-tumor activities. Saracatinib is a dual-specific inhibitor of Src and Abl, protein tyrosine kinases that are overexpressed in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. This agent binds to and inhibits these tyrosine kinases and affects cell motility, cell migration, adhesion, invasion, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Specifically, Saracatinib inhibits Src kinase-mediated osteoclast bone resorption.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Quinazolinamine, N-(5-Chloro-1,3-Benzodioxol-4-yl)-7-(2-(4-Methyl-1-Piperazinyl)Ethoxy)-5-((Tetrahydro-2H-Pyran-4-yl)Oxy)-, (2e)-2-Butenedioate (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-0530 Difumarate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD0530 Difumarate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5-Chloro-1,3-Benzodioxol-4-yl)-7-(2-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)Ethoxy)-5-(Tetrahydro-2H-Pyran-4-yloxy)Quinazolin-4-Amine Di((2e)-but-2-Enedioate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARACATINIB DIFUMARATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Saracatinib Difumarate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987006"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"893428-72-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8R1DYT4EAW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H32ClN5O5.2C4H4O4"}]}}{"C963":{"preferredName":"SarCNU","code":"C963","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An alkylating chloroethylnitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Selectively accumulating in some tumor cells, SarCNU forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in DNA, causing depurination, base pair miscoding, strand scission, and DNA-DNA cross-linking, which may result in cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-CHLOROETHYL-3-SARCOSINAMIDE-1-NITROSOUREA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"2-Chloroethyl-3-Sarcosinamide-1-Nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SarCNU","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SarCNU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sarCNU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sarcosinamide nitrosourea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"364432"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0045644"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"92891-93-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BHB013S3MO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43325"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43325"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SarCNU"}]}}{"C1673":{"preferredName":"Sardomozide","code":"C1673","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A methylglyoxal-bis(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG) derivative with potential antineoplastic and antiviral properties. Sardomozide selectively binds to and inhibits S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC), an enzyme essential for the biosynthesis of polyamines, such as spermine and spermidine that bind to DNA and play critical roles in cell division, cell differentiation and membrane function. By inhibiting SAMDC, sardomozide reduces the intracellular polyamine concentration, thereby interfering with cell growth and differentiation. In addition, this agent also exhibits anti-HIV effect via suppressing expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF-5A), which is essential for retroviral replication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[4-(Aminoiminomethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene]hydrazinecarboximidamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2-[4-(Aminoiminomethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene]hydrazinecarboximidamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amidinoindan-1-one.2'-amidinohydrazone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP 48664","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CGP-48664","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAM 486A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARDOMOZIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sardomozide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0960654"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"149400-88-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CEB05S0B9I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42601"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42601"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H14N6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sardomozide"}]}}{"C1492":{"preferredName":"Sargramostim","code":"C1492","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that helps make more white blood cells, especially granulocytes, macrophages, and cells that become platelets. It is a cytokine that is a type of hematopoietic (blood-forming) agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant therapeutic agent chemically identical to endogenous human GM-CSF except a leucine substitution in position 23. Binding to specific cell surface receptors, sargramostim modulates the proliferation and differentiation of a variety of hematopoietic progenitor cells with some specificity towards stimulation of leukocyte production and may reverse treatment-induced neutropenias. This agent also promotes antigen presentation, up-regulates antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and increases interleukin-2-mediated lymphokine-activated killer cell function; it may also augment host antitumoral immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"23-L-Leucinecolony-Stimulating Factor 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DRG-0012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prokine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARGRAMOSTIM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sagramostim","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sargramostatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sargramostim","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sargramostim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhu GM-CFS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sargramostim","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0216231"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123774-72-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Melanoma; Neutropenia-chemotherapy induced"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5TAA004E22"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40566"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40566"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sargramostim"}]}}{"C1493":{"preferredName":"Satraplatin","code":"C1493","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of prostate and other types of cancer. It contains the metal platinum and may kill cancer cells by damaging their DNA and stopping them from dividing. It is a type of alkylating agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally administered third generation platinum compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Satraplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes which bind to nucleophilic groups in DNA, inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links. These cross-links result in cell growth inhibition and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(OC-6-43)-bis(acetato)amminedichloro(cyclohexylamine)platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(OC-6-43)-bis(acetato-O)amminedichloro(cyclohexanamine)platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-182751","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BMY-45594","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JM 216","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"JM-216","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orplatna","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SATRAPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Satraplatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Satraplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"platinum,bis(acetato-O)amminedichloro(cyclohexanamine)-,(OC-6-43)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"satraplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1142934"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"129580-63-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8D7B37T28G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42141"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42141"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H13N.2C2H3O2.2Cl.Pt.H3N"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Satraplatin"}]}}{"C104732":{"preferredName":"Savolitinib","code":"C104732","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Savolitinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activation of c-Met in an ATP-competitive manner, and disrupts c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may result in cell growth inhibition in tumors that overexpress the c-Met protein. C-Met encodes the hepatocyte growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase and plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis; this protein is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 6094","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD6094","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL-504","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAVOLITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Savolitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Volitinib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3642466"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1313725-88-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2A2DA6857R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745761"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"745761"}]}}{"C29418":{"preferredName":"SBIL-2","code":"C29418","definitions":[{"description":"An retroviral vector encoding human IL-2 with potential antineoplastic property. SBIL-2 (Surgery Branch IL-2) can be used to transfect tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, which can then be re-introduced back to cancer patients, thereby stimulate T cell activation and immunopotentiation responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SBIL-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519128"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SBIL-2"}]}}{"C126100":{"preferredName":"Scopoletin","code":"C126100","definitions":[{"description":"A coumarin compound found in several plants including those in the genus Scopolia and the genus Brunfelsia, as well as chicory (Cichorium), redstem wormwood (Artemisia scoparia), stinging nettle (Urtica dioica), passion flower (Passiflora), noni (Morinda citrifolia fruit) and European black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) that is comprised of umbelliferone with a methoxy group substituent at position 6. Scopoletin is used to standardize and establish pharmacokinetic properties for products derived from the plants that produce it, such as noni extract. Although the mechanism(s) of action have not yet been established, this agent has potential antineoplastic, antidopaminergic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-1-Benzopyran-2-One, 7-Hydroxy-6-Methoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2H-1-Benzopyran-2-One, 7-Hydroxy-6-Methoxy- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Methoxyumbelliferone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Methylesculetin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-O-Methylesculetin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxy-5-Methoxycoumarin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxy-6-Methoxychromen-2-One","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-Hydroxy-6-Methoxycoumarin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chrysatropic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coumarin, 7-Hydroxy-6-Methoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Escopoletin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esculetin-6-Methyl Ether","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gelseminic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methylesculetin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Murrayetin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCOPOLETIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Scopoletin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Scopoletin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scopoletine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scopoletol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036447"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"92-61-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KLF1HS0SXJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17488"}]}}{"C154328":{"preferredName":"Seclidemstat","code":"C154328","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, reversible, noncompetitive inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1, or KDM1A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, seclidemstat reversibly inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone 3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor suppressor genes. This may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, LSD1 demethylates mono- or di-methylated H3K9 which increases gene expression of tumor promoting genes; inhibition of LSD1 promotes H3K9 methylation and decreases transcription of these genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LSD1 Inhibitor SP-2577","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SECLIDEMSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SP 2577","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SP-2577","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SP2577","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seclidemstat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seclidemstat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555222"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TYH386V3WJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794410"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794410"}]}}{"C1576":{"preferredName":"Sedoxantrone Trihydrochloride","code":"C1576","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Sedoxantrone trihydrochloride binds to DNA and stops cells, including cancer cells, from repairing damage to DNA and from making more DNA, RNA, and protein. It is a type of DNA intercalator.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The trihydrochloride salt of the anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic sedoxantrone with potential antineoplastic activity. Sedoxantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-(1)Benzothiopyrano(4,3,2-cd)indazol-8-ol, 5-((2-aminoethyl)amino)-2-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-, Trihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI 958","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-958","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-958","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LEDOXANTRONE TRIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ledoxantrone Trihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sedoxantrone Trihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sedoxantrone trihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"635371"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281727"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"119221-49-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X9GSL37ED0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42217"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H27N5OS.3ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sedoxantrone_Trihydrochloride"}]}}{"C111764":{"preferredName":"Selatinib Ditosilate","code":"C111764","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable ditosilate salt form of selatinib, an analog of the quinazoline lapatinib and dual inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (ErbB-2 or HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, selatinib reversibly blocks phosphorylation of both EGFR and ErbB2, thereby suppressing tumor growth in EGFR/ErbB-2-overexpressing tumor cells. The tyrosine kinases EGFR and ErbB2 have been implicated in the growth of various tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SELATINIB DITOSILATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selatinib Ditosilate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454151"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6Q2E32HVE7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753197"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753197"}]}}{"C137950":{"preferredName":"Vosilasarm","code":"C137950","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, non-steroidal selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM), with potential tissue-selective androgenic/anti-androgenic activities. Upon oral administration, vosilasarm acts as an agonist in select tissues, such as skeletal muscle and bone, where it binds to and activates androgen receptors (ARs). In the prostate and breasts, RAD140 acts as an antagonist and blocks AR activation and AR-mediated cellular proliferation. Therefore, this agent may improve bone formation and muscle mass and strength, and may inhibit both the growth of the prostate in males and AR-dependent breast cancer cell proliferation. Compared to anabolic agents, SARMs have reduced androgenic properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RAD 140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAD-140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAD140","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARM RAD140","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator RAD140","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testolone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOSILASARM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vosilasarm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vosilasarm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524969"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1182367-47-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4O87Q44KNC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790616"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790616"}]}}{"C2210":{"preferredName":"Selective Cytokine Inhibitory Drug CC-1088","code":"C2210","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is similar but not identical to thalidomide. CC-1088 belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An analog of thalidomide with potential antineoplastic activity that belongs to the functional class of agents called selective cytokine inhibitory drugs (SelCIDs). SelCIDs inhibit phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE 4), an enzyme involved in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) production. CC-1088 inhibits production of the cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (a pro-angiogenic factor) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-1088","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-1088","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CDC-801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selective Cytokine Inhibitory Drug CC-1088","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879595"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"95HB56U8P8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38051"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38051"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CC-1088"}]}}{"C122834":{"preferredName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9496","code":"C122834","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SERD AZD9496 binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in the degradation of the receptor. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(E)-3-(3,5-Difluoro-4-((1R,3R)-2-(2-fluoro-2-methylpropyl)-3-methyl-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)phenyl)acrylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD 9496","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-9496","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-9496","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AZD9496","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD AZD9496","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9496","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9496","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053676"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DA9P7LN909"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764993"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764993"}]}}{"C160603":{"preferredName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9833","code":"C160603","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SERD AZD9833 binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in the degradation of the receptor. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 9833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-9833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD9833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD AZD9833","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9833","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9833","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969664"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799429"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799429"}]}}{"C128280":{"preferredName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LSZ102","code":"C128280","definitions":[{"description":"An selective estrogen receptor (ER) degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of LSZ102, this agent binds to the ER and induces the degradation of the receptor. This prevents ER activation and ER-mediated signaling, and inhibits the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LSZ 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LSZ102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD LSZ 102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD LSZ102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LSZ102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LSZ102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507934"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782046"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782046"}]}}{"C120037":{"preferredName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader SRN-927","code":"C120037","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD SRN-927 specifically binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in the degradation of the receptor. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SERD SRN-927","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRN-927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader SRN-927","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader SRN-927","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896765"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767384"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767384"}]}}{"C38711":{"preferredName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator CC-8490","code":"C38711","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of brain cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called benzopyrans.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benzopyran with potential antineoplastic activity. CC-8490 acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), inhibiting the proliferation of estrogen-sensitive breast cancer cells. This agent also inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of glioblastoma cells via a mechanism independent of estrogen receptor-related mechanisms. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC-8490","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-8490","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SPC8490","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator CC-8490","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328106"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346082"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346082"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CC-8490"}]}}{"C61494":{"preferredName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator TAS-108","code":"C61494","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, antiestrogenic steroidal compound with potential antitumor activity. TAS-108 binds to and inhibits estrogenic receptor alpha (ERa), mainly expressed in the mammary gland and uterus and upregulated in estrogen-dependent tumors. Blockage of ERa by TAS-108 prevents the binding and effects of estrogen and may lead to an inhibition of estrogen-dependent cancer cell proliferation. TAS-108 also is a partial agonist of the estrogenic receptor beta (ERb), expressed in many tissues including the central nervous system, urogenital tract, bone and cardiovascular system, thereby exerting a positive effect on these tissues. In addition, TAS-108 activates the co-repressor Silencing Mediator for Retinoid and Thyroid hormone receptor (SMRT), a protein that inhibits the activities of the estrogen receptors, which may contribute to the antitumor activity of TAS-108.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(7)-21-[4-[(diethylamino)methyl]-2-methoxyphenoxy]-7-methyl-19-norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-3-ol 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR 16234","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"SR16234","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator TAS-108","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-108","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1435232"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"354808-47-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9B29N23K7E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486347"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486347"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TAS-108"}]}}{"C153309":{"preferredName":"Exicorilant","code":"C153309","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, exicorilant competitively and selectively binds to GRs, inhibiting the activation of GR-mediated proliferative and anti-apoptotic gene expression pathways. The GR, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors, is overexpressed in certain tumor types and may be associated with tumor cell proliferation and treatment resistance. Inhibition of GR activity may potentially slow tumor cell growth and disease progression in certain cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CORT 125281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CORT-1252","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CORT125281","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EXICORILANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Exicorilant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Exicorilant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist CORT125281","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanone, ((4aR,8aS)-1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-1,4,5,6,7,8,8a,9-octahydro-6-((2-methyl-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)sulfonyl)-4ah-pyrazolo(3,4-g)isoquinolin-4a-yl)(4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10854","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554423"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1781244-77-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GTB859B7K8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794071"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794071"}]}}{"C150363":{"preferredName":"Selective Human Estrogen-receptor Alpha Partial Agonist TTC-352","code":"C150363","definitions":[{"description":"A benzothiophene and orally bioavailable selective human estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha; ESR1; ERa) partial agonist (ShERPA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TTC-352 mimics the naturally-occurring 17beta-estradiol (E2) and targets and binds to ERa located in the nucleus. This causes translocation of ERa to extranuclear sites. Nuclear export of ERa prevents normal ER-mediated signaling and inhibits proliferation of ER-positive tumor cells. TTC-352 causes tumor regression of tamoxifen (TAM)-resistant (TR) tumor cells which often overexpress protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha; PKCa). PKCa expression is associated with poor patient survival and breast cancer aggressiveness and may predict tumor responses to E2, E2-like compounds and ShERPAs. Unlike E2 and E2-like compounds, TTC-352 does not cause endometrial proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)benzo[b]thiophen-6-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERa Partial Agonist TTC-352","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEM TTC-352","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Mimic TTC-352","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Modulator TTC-352","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Human Estrogen-receptor Alpha Partial Agonist TTC-352","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selective Human Estrogen-receptor Alpha Partial Agonist TTC-352","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ShERPA TTC-352","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTC 352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTC-352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTC-352","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552181"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"65ILH3Y0MI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793141"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793141"}]}}{"C62783":{"preferredName":"Seliciclib","code":"C62783","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential apoptotic and antineoplastic activity. CDKs, serine/threonine kinases that play an important role in cell cycle regulation, are overexpressed in various malignancies. Seliciclib primarily inhibits CDK 2, 7, and 9 by competing for the ATP binding sites on these kinases, leading to a disruption of cell cycle progression. In addition, this agent seems to interfere with CDK-mediated phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II, thereby inhibiting RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription. This may lead to the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic factors, such as myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (Mcl-1), a protein crucial for the survival of a range of tumor cell types. The down-regulation of anti-apoptotic factors may lead to an induction of apoptosis, thereby further contributing to seliciclib's antiproliferative effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYC202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-roscovitine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELICICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Seliciclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seliciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1436187"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"186692-46-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0ES1C2KQ94"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"511023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"511023"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H26N6O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Seliciclib"}]}}{"C119740":{"preferredName":"Selicrelumab","code":"C119740","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody agonist of the cell surface receptor CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Similar to the endogenous CD40 ligand (CD40L or CD154), CD40 agonist monoclonal antibody RO7009789 binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This triggers the cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and activates B-cells and T-cells, resulting in an enhanced immune response. RO7009789 also binds to and activates CD40 present on the surfaces of some solid tumor cells, leading to apoptosis and decreased tumor growth. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on various immune cells and certain cancer cells; it mediates both indirect tumor cell killing through the activation of the immune system and direct tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RO7009789","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELICRELUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selicrelumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selicrelumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896775"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0O39RGI33V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767014"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767014"}]}}{"C102546":{"preferredName":"Selinexor","code":"C102546","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of CRM1 (chromosome region maintenance 1 protein, exportin 1 or XPO1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Selinexor modifies the essential CRM1-cargo binding residue cysteine-528, thereby irreversibly inactivates CRM1-mediated nuclear export of cargo proteins such as tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs), including p53, p21, BRCA1/2, pRB, FOXO, and other growth regulatory proteins. As a result, this agent, via the approach of selective inhibition of nuclear export (SINE), restores endogenous tumor suppressing processes to selectively eliminate tumor cells while sparing normal cells. CRM1, the major export factor for proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenoic Acid, 3-(3-(3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-, 2-(2-Pyrazinyl)hydrazide, (2Z)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATG-010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRM1 Nuclear Export Inhibitor KPT-330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KPT-330","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELINEXOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SINE KPT-330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export KPT-330","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selinexor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selinexor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xpovio","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640806"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1393477-72-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multiple myeloma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"31TZ62FO8F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734824"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734824"}]}}{"C138160":{"preferredName":"Selitrectinib","code":"C138160","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LOXO-195 specifically targets and binds to TRK, including the fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1 (NTRK1), 2 (NTRK2), and 3 (NTRK3). This prevents neurotrophin-TRK interaction and TRK activation, which results in both the induction of cellular apoptosis and the inhibition of cell growth in tumors that overexpress TRK and/or express NTRK fusion proteins. LOXO-195 targets specific point mutations that occur after treatment with and result in acquired resistance to another TRK inhibitor; therefore, LOXO-195 is able to overcome acquired resistance to other TRK inhibitors. TRK, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) activated by neurotrophins, is encoded by NTRK family genes. The expression of either mutated forms of or fusion proteins involving NTRK family members results in uncontrolled TRK signaling and plays an important role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(13E,14E,22R,6R)-35-fluoro-6-methyl-7-aza-1(5,3)-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidina-3(3,2)-pyridina-2(1,2)-pyrrolidinacyclooctaphan-8-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 2731954","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO 195","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO-195","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO195","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELITRECTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selitrectinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK Inhibitor LOXO-195","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525677"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0J45910S3X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790661"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"790661"}]}}{"C121943":{"preferredName":"Selonsertib","code":"C121943","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), with potential anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic and anti-fibrotic activities. Upon oral administration, selonsertib targets and binds to the catalytic kinase domain of ASK1 in an ATP-competitive manner, thereby preventing its phosphorylation and activation. This prevents the phosphorylation of downstream kinases, such as c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). By preventing the activation of ASK1-dependent signal transduction pathways, GS-4997 prevents the production of inflammatory cytokines, down-regulates the expression of genes involved in fibrosis, suppresses excessive apoptosis and inhibits cellular proliferation. ASK1, also called mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 (MAP3K5), is activated in response to oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, calcium influx and infection. It plays a key role in the development of certain cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, as well as certain types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GS-4997","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELONSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selonsertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selonsertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053640"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NS3988A2TC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"773700"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"773700"}]}}{"C134987":{"preferredName":"Selpercatinib","code":"C134987","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of wild-type, mutant and fusion products involving the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, selpercatinib selectively binds to and targets wild-type RET as well as various RET mutants and RET-containing fusion products. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumors cells that exhibit increased RET activity. In addition, selpercatinib targets, binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and 3 (VEGFR3), and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), 2 (FGFR2), and 3 (FGFR3). RET overexpression, activating mutations, and fusions result in the upregulation and/or overactivation of RET tyrosine kinase activity in various cancer cell types; dysregulation of RET activity plays a key role in the development and progression of these cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-(2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropoxy)-4-(6-(6-((6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3,6-diazabicyclo(3.1.1)heptan-3-yl)pyridin-3-yl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyridine-3-carbonitril","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOXO-292","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RET Inhibitor LOXO-292","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RET Kinase Inhibitor LOXO-292","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retevmo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELPERCATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selpercatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO 10967","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL522497"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2152628-33-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Adult patients with metastatic RET fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); • Adult and pediatric patients >=12 years of age with advanced or metastatic RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) who require systemic therapy; • Adult and pediatric patients >=12 years of age with advanced or metastatic RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer who require systemic therapy and who are radioactive iodine-refractory (if radioactive iodine is appropriate)."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CEGM9YBNGD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789226"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789226"}]}}{"C66939":{"preferredName":"Selumetinib","code":"C66939","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. AZD6244 blocks proteins needed for cell growth and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of protein kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active, small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Selumetinib is an ATP-independent inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK or MAPK/ERK kinase) 1 and 2. MEK 1 and 2 are dual specificity kinases that are essential mediators in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, are often upregulated in various cancer cells, and are drivers of diverse cellular responses, including proliferation. Inhibition of both MEK1 and 2 by selumetinib prevents the activation of MEK1/2 dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, thereby leading to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in various cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARRY-142886","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD6244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD6244","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor AZD6244","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK inhibitor AZD6244","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SELUMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selumetinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selumetinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832054"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"606143-52-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6UH91I579U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H15BrClFN4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AZD6244"}]}}{"C95225":{"preferredName":"Selumetinib Sulfate","code":"C95225","definitions":[{"description":"The sulfate salt of selumetinib, an orally active, small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Selumetinib is an ATP-independent inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK or MAPK/ERK kinase) 1 and 2. MEK 1 and 2 are dual specificity kinases that are essential mediators in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, are often upregulated in various cancer cells, and are drivers of diverse cellular responses, including proliferation. Inhibition of both MEK1 and 2 by selumetinib prevents the activation of MEK1/2 dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, thereby leading to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in various cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Benzimidazole-6-Carboxamide, 5-((4-Bromo-2-Chlorophenyl)Amino)-4-Fluoro-N-(2- Hydroxyethoxy)-1-Methyl-, Sulfate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1h-Benzimidazole-6-Carboxamide,5-((4-Bromo-2-Chlorophenyl)Amino)-4-Fluoro-N-(2- Hydroxyethoxy)-1-Methyl-, Sulphate (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-((4-Bromo-2-Chlorophenyl)amino)-4-Fluoro-N-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)-1-Methyl-1H- Benzimidazole-6-Carboxamide Sulfate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-((4-Bromo-2-Chlorophenyl)amino)-4-Fluoro-N-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)-1-Methyl-1H- Benzimidazole-6-Carboxamide Sulphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-6244 Hydrogen Sulfate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD6244 Hydrogen Sulfate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD6244 Hydrogen Sulphate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Koselugo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SELUMETINIB SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selumetinib Sulfate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selumetinib Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selumetinib Sulphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987007"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"943332-08-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"pediatric patients, 2 years of age and older, with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) who have symptomatic, inoperable plexiform neurofibromas (PN)."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"807ME4B7IJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"532294"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"532294"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H15BrClFN4O3.H2O4S"}]}}{"C1831":{"preferredName":"Semaxanib","code":"C1831","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that has been studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A quinolone derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Semaxanib reversibly inhibits ATP binding to the tyrosine kinase domain of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), which may inhibit VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell migration and proliferation and reduce the tumor microvasculature. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of the stem cell factor receptor tyrosine kinase c-kit, often expressed in acute myelogenous leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H-Indol-2-one, 3-((3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)-1,3-dihydro-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEMAXANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SU 5416","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"SU5416","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SU5416","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Semaxanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Semaxanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Semoxind","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sugen 5416","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"semaxanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"696819"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1135174"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"194413-58-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"71IA9S35AJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43310"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43310"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H14N2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Semaxanib"}]}}{"C78447":{"preferredName":"Semuloparin","code":"C78447","definitions":[{"description":"An ultralow-molecular-weight heparin (ULMWH) (Mw: 2000-3000 daltons)consisting of a polydisperse mixture of oligomeric heparin fragments with potential anticoagulant activity. Ultralow-molecular-weight heparin AVE5026 binds to and activates antithrombin III (ATIII), which may result in the inhibition of activated factor Xa and, to a much lesser extent, factor IIa (thrombin) and so the inhibition of fibrin formation. Compared to low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), AVE5026 exhibits an even higher ratio of anti-Factor Xa to anti-Factor IIa activity (>30:1). Compared to unfractionated heparins, the use of LMWHs is associated with lower incidences of major bleeding, osteoporosis and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Like LMWHs, this agent may inhibit tumor growth by regulating angiogenesis and apoptosis. AVE5026 is prepared by partial depolymerization of unfractionated porcine mucosal heparin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVE-5026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVE5026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEMULOPARIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Semuloparin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Semuloparin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ULMW heparin AVE5026","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultra-low-molecular-weight Heparin (2000-3000 MW; Phosphazene Depolymerization)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ultralow-Molecular-Weight Heparin AVE5026","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700104"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9005-49-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4QW4AN84NQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599247"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ultralow-Molecular-Weight_Heparin_AVE5026"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28304"}]}}{"C827":{"preferredName":"Semustine","code":"C827","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A methylated derivative of carmustine with antineoplastic activity. As an alkylating agent, semustine forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in DNA, causing depurination, base-pair miscoding, strand scission, and DNA-DNA cross-linking, which may result in cytotoxicity. 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Neuroendocrine tumors form from cells that release hormones in response to a signal from the nervous system. The virus infects and breaks down these tumor cells but not normal cells. It is a type of oncolytic virus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A replication-competent oncolytic picornavirus with potential antineoplastic activity. Administered systemically, Seneca Valley virus-001 specifically targets and infects tumor cells with neuroendocrine characteristics. Upon infection, this agent replicates intracellularly, resulting in tumor cell lysis and reduced tumor cell proliferation. The selective tropism of virus replication may involve receptor-mediated internalization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NTX-010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NTX-010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SVV-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Seneca Valley Virus-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seneca Valley Virus-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seneca Valley virus-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL365090"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488482"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488482"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Seneca_Valley_Virus"}]}}{"C26669":{"preferredName":"Seocalcitol","code":"C26669","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called vitamin D analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A vitamin D3 analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Seocalcitol binds to and activates the vitamin D receptor, a cytoplasmic polypeptide expressed in normal vitamin D responsive tissues, but also overexpressed in certain cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. Mediated through vitamin D receptor, this agent induces cancer cell differentiation, inhibits cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis. In addition, seocalcitol may also induce growth arrest and apoptosis independent of vitamin D receptor activation through mechanisms that are not fully elucidated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1R-(1alpha(1R*,2E,4E),3abeta,4E(1R*,3S*,5Z),7aalpha))-5-((1-(6-Ethyl-6-hydroxy-1-methyl-2,4-octadienyl)octahydro-7a-methyl-4H-inden-4-ylidene)ethylidene)-4-methylene-1,3-cyclohexanediol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1(S),3(R)-Dihydroxy-20(R)-(5'-ethyl-5'-hydroxyhepta-1'(E),3'(E)-dien-1'-yl)-9,10-secopregna-5(Z),7(E),10(19)-triene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EB1089","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEOCALCITOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Seocalcitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Seocalcitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"seocalcitol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0905598"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"134404-52-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q0OZ0D9223"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"298863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"298863"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H46O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Seocalcitol"}]}}{"C61091":{"preferredName":"Sepantronium Bromide","code":"C61091","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule proapoptotic agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Sepantronium bromide selectively inhibits survivin expression in tumor cells, resulting in inhibition of survivin antiapoptotic activity (via the extrinsic or intrinsic apoptotic pathways) and tumor cell apoptosis. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) gene family, is expressed during embryonal development and is absent in most normal, terminally differentiated tissues; upregulated in a variety of human cancers, its expression in tumors is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, shorter survival times, and a decreased response to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Naphth(2,3-d)imidazolium, 4,9-dihydro-1-(2-methoxyethyl)-2-methyl-4,9-dioxo-3-(pyrazinylmethyl)-, Bromide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEPANTRONIUM BROMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sepantronium Bromide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sepantronium Bromide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Survivin Inhibitor YM155","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM-155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2002939"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"781661-94-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7H5Q4J1CM5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"476771"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"476771"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H19N4O3.Br"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"YM155"}]}}{"C98844":{"preferredName":"Serabelisib","code":"C98844","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) alpha isoform with potential antineoplastic activity. Serabelisib selectively inhibits PI3K alpha kinase, including mutations of PIK3CA, in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K alpha-expressing tumor cells. By specifically targeting class I PI3K alpha, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan PI3K inhibitors. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently found in solid tumors and results in promoting tumor cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; PIK3CA, one of the most highly mutated oncogenes, encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(6-(2-Amino-5-benzoxazolyl)imidazo(1,2-a)pyridin-3-yl)-4-morpholinylmethanone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INK1117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN-1117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN1117","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERABELISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Serabelisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Serabelisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK 117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-117","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432860"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1268454-23-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"43J9Q56T3W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714372"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"714372"}]}}{"C156735":{"preferredName":"SERD D-0502","code":"C156735","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD D-0502 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D 0502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-0502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D0502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD D-0502","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader G1T48","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator D-0502","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935902"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795596"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795596"}]}}{"C150552":{"preferredName":"SERD G1T48","code":"C150552","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD G1T48 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha; ERa; ESR1) and induces a conformational change that promotes ERalpha degradation and downregulation. This prevents ERalpha-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ERalpha-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"G1T48","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD G1T48","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SERD G1T48","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader G1T48","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator G1T48","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552249"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793441"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793441"}]}}{"C147030":{"preferredName":"Giredestrant","code":"C147030","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, giredestrant specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDC 9545","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-49545","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GIREDESTRANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Giredestrant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Giredestrant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6171","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD GDC-9545","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader GDC-9545","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator GDC-9545","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545029"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1953133-47-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"28P3DU6DB3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792379"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792379"}]}}{"C140354":{"preferredName":"SERD SAR439859","code":"C140354","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD SAR439859 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SAR 439859","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-439859","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR439859","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD SAR439859","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SERD SAR439859","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader SAR439859","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator SAR439859","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538418"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793484"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793484"}]}}{"C165550":{"preferredName":"SERD SHR9549","code":"C165550","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD SHR9549 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SERD SHR9549","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 9549","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-9549","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR9549","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader SHR9549","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator SHR9549","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978680"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799640"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799640"}]}}{"C77904":{"preferredName":"Serdemetan","code":"C77904","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable HDM2 antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Serdemetan inhibits the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited, which may result in the restoration of p53 signaling and thus the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2 (human homolog of double minute 2), a zinc finger protein, is a negative regulator of the p53 pathway; often overexpressed in cancer cells, it has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ 26854165","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-26854165","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)ethyl)-n'-(pyridin-4-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERDEMETAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Serdemetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703092"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"881202-45-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ID6YB4W3V8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596734"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596734"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HDM2_Inhibitor_JNJ-26854165"}]}}{"C1763":{"preferredName":"Sergiolide","code":"C1763","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Cedronia granatensis and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. 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ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in solid tumors, including breast, lung, and colorectal tumors of epithelial origin; it has no active kinase domain itself but is activated through heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR receptor family that do.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MM-121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 256212","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERIBANTUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Seribantumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seribantumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4042753"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1334296-12-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1N3L70MDFX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613844"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613844"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-ErbB3_Receptor_Monoclonal_Antibody_MM-121"}]}}{"C71529":{"preferredName":"Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor CBP501","code":"C71529","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide with G2 checkpoint-abrogating activity. G2 checkpoint inhibitor CBP501 inhibits multiple serine/threonine kinases, including MAPKAP-K2, C-Tak1, and CHK1, that phosphorylate serine 216 of the dual-specific phosphatase Cdc25C (cell division checkpoint 25 C); disruption of Cdc25C activity results in the inhibition of Cdc25C dephosphorylation of the mitotic cyclin-dependent kinase complex Cdc2/cyclin B, preventing entry into the mitotic phase of the cell cycle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CBP 501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBP-501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CBP-501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CBP501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cdc25C Phosphatase (211-221)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Arginine, 4-Benzoyl-D-phenylalanyl-D-seryl-D-tryptophyl-D-seryl-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro-D-phenylalanyl-3-cyclohexyl-D-alanyl-D-arginyl-D- arginyl-D-arginyl-D-glutaminyl-D-arginyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor CBP501","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor CBP501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348193"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"565434-85-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XH2662798I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577812"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"577812"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Serine_Threonine_Kinase_Inhibitor_CBP501"}]}}{"C68963":{"preferredName":"Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor XL418","code":"C68963","definitions":[{"description":"A selective, orally active small molecule, targeting protein kinase B (PKB or AKT) and ribosomal protein S6 Kinase (p70S6K), with potential antineoplastic activity. XL418 inhibits the activities of PKB and p70S6K, both acting downstream of phosphoinosotide-3 kinase (PI3K). These kinases are often upregulated in a variety of cancers. Inhibition of PKB by this agent will induce apoptosis, while inhibition of p70S6K will result in the inhibition of translation within tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor XL418","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL418","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL374493"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"546978"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"546978"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Serine_Threonine_Kinase_Inhibitor_XL418"}]}}{"C122403":{"preferredName":"Sevacizumab","code":"C122403","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential antiangiogenic activity. Upon administration, sevacizumab specifically binds to and inhibits VEGF, thereby preventing its binding to VEGF receptors (VEGFRs). This prevents VEGF/VEGFR-mediated signaling and inhibits the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and tumor cells. VEGF, overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells, is associated with increased invasiveness and decreased survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sevacizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4054033"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772607"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772607"}]}}{"C113652":{"preferredName":"Seviteronel","code":"C113652","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available non-steroidal, lyase-selective inhibitor of the steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/C17,20 lyase (CYP17A1 or CYP17), with potential anti-androgenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, seviteronel selectively inhibits the enzymatic activity of the cytochrome P450 C17,20 lyase in both the testes and adrenal glands, thereby inhibiting androgen production. This may decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling and may inhibit cell proliferation of androgen-dependent tumor cells. The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17A1, localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, exhibits both 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities; it plays a key role in the steroidogenic pathway. The lyase-selective activity of seviteronel prevents the increased synthesis of mineralocorticoids that is normally seen with non-selective CYP17 inhibitors, which also inhibit the 17-alpha-hydroxylase activity of CYP17A1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-1,2,3-Triazole-5-methanol, Alpha-(6,7-bis(difluoromethoxy)-2-naphthalenyl)-alpha-(1-methylethyl)-, (AlphaS)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEVITERONEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Seviteronel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seviteronel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VT-464","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827068"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1610537-15-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8S5OIN36X4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756850"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756850"}]}}{"C29424":{"preferredName":"Shared Anti-Idiotype-AB-S006","code":"C29424","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody that targets human B-cell lymphomas with potential antineoplastic activity. Shared Anti-Id-Ab-S006 binds to antigens on neoplastic B cells, resulting in tumor cell destruction by the reticuloendothelial system or cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Murine Monoclonal Antibody To Human B Cell Lymphomas (Anti- Idiotypes) (S006)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shared Anti-Idiotype AB-S006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shared Anti-Idiotype-AB-S006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"655532"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519287"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Shared_Anti-Idiotype-AB-S006"}]}}{"C29432":{"preferredName":"Shared Anti-Idiotype-AB-S024A","code":"C29432","definitions":[{"description":"A murine monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Shared anti-id-Ab-S024A binds to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) on the surface of neoplastic cells resulting in tumor cell destruction by the reticuloendothelial system or cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Shared Anti-Idiotype-AB-S024A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"655540"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519294"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Shared_Anti-Idiotype-AB-S024A"}]}}{"C2318":{"preferredName":"Shark Cartilage","code":"C2318","definitions":[{"description":"A nutritional supplement gleaned from the exoskeleton of the shark. Shark cartilage inhibits metalloproteinases (MMPs) and possesses antiangiogenic and antimetastatic properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BeneFin (Lane Shark Cartilage Powder)","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cartilade","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHARK CARTILAGE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Shark Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"706457"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281563"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D2YCN1I522"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304435"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"304435"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Shark_Cartilage"}]}}{"C1798":{"preferredName":"Shark Cartilage Extract AE-941","code":"C1798","definitions":[{"description":"A substance made from shark cartilage that is being studied for its ability to prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A multifunctional antiangiogenic agent derived from shark cartilage with potential antineoplastic activity. Shark cartilage extract AE-941 competitively inhibits the binding of pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to its cellular receptor, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), stimulates tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and activates caspase-mediated apoptotic pathways in endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AE-941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AE-941","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Neovastat","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neovastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Shark Cartilage Extract AE-941","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Shark Cartilage Extract AE-941","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[AElig]-941","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"706456"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963096"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"305838-77-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42021"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42021"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neovastat"}]}}{"C2690":{"preferredName":"Sho-Saiko-To","code":"C2690","definitions":[{"description":"A Japanese formulation of seven Chinese herbs that is being studied as a treatment for cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A botanical formulation with potential chemopreventive activities. Sho-Saiko-to, an herbal mixture, contains seven herbal extracts whose mechanism of action if not fully understood. There is evidence of antiproliferative effects against hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro. Other effects of this agent described in animal models include the prevention of liver injury and hepatocyte-regenerating activity. Antitumor effects associated with this herbal product may include induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, and activation of an immune response, characterized by the release of cytokines as well as activation of effector cells, such as macrophages and natural killer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Keisho-To","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Minor Bupleurum Formula","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sho-Saiko-To","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sho-saiko-to","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TJ-9","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xiao Chai Hu Tang","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1138004"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38708"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38708"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sho-Saiko-To"}]}}{"C88290":{"preferredName":"Short Chain Fatty Acid HQK-1004","code":"C88290","definitions":[{"description":"A short chain fatty acid (SCFA) with potential herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (HSV-TK)-inducing activity. Upon administration, short chain fatty acid HQK-1004 may induce the expression of thymidine kinase (TK) by a silenced HSV-TK, which may activate a co-administered antiviral prodrug such as ganciclovir, resulting in the destruction of virally-infected cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HQK-1004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCFA HQK-1004","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Short Chain Fatty Acid HQK-1004","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Short Chain Fatty Acid HQK-1004","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413539"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657494"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"657494"}]}}{"C156695":{"preferredName":"SHP-1 Agonist SC-43","code":"C156695","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule agonist of Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6; PTPN6) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SHP-1 agonist SC-43 enhances SHP-1 activity by impairing the association between the N-terminal Src homology 2 (N-SH2) domain and the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) domain of SHP-1, triggering a conformational change of SHP-1 and relieving its autoinhibition. Activation of SHP-1 represses signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling by inhibiting constitutive and interleukin-6 (IL-6)-induced STAT3 phosphorylation. The STAT3 pathway is overly active in many cancer types and is implicated in cancer stem cell-mediated growth, recurrence, stemness, and resistance to conventional chemotherapies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-[4-Chloro-3(trifluoromethyl)phenyl-3-[3-(4-cyanophenoxy)] Urea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC 43","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-43","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC-43 Oral Solution","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SC43","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHP-1 Agonist SC-43","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935710"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795711"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795711"}]}}{"C160207":{"preferredName":"SHP2 Inhibitor JAB-3068","code":"C160207","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor JAB-3068 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell survival, differentiation and proliferation through activation of the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling pathway. The Ras-MAPK pathway is often hyperactivated in cancer cells due to specific mutations and rearrangements and are dependent on SHP2 for their oncogenic signaling. SHP2 also regulates programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-mediated signal transduction and is involved in immune checkpoint modulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JAB 3068","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAB-3068","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JAB3068","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHP2 Inhibitor JAB-3068","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969346"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797845"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797845"}]}}{"C155850":{"preferredName":"SHP2 Inhibitor RMC-4630","code":"C155850","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor RMC-4630 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell survival, differentiation and proliferation through activation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway. The RAS-MAPK pathway is often hyperactivated in cancer cells due to specific mutations and rearrangements and are dependent on SHP2 for their oncogenic signaling. SHP2 also regulates programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-mediated signal transduction and is involved in immune checkpoint modulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PTPN11 Inhibitor RMC-4630","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RMC 4630","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RMC-4630","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RMC4630","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHP2 Inhibitor RMC-4630","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SHP2 Inhibitor RMC-4630","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562678"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798916"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798916"}]}}{"C139559":{"preferredName":"SHP2 Inhibitor TNO155","code":"C139559","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor TNO155 binds to and inhibits SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell survival, differentiation and proliferation through activation of the RAS-RAF-ERK signaling pathway. SHP2 also regulates programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-mediated signal transduction and is involved in immune checkpoint modulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PTPN11 Inhibitor TNO155","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHP2 Inhibitor TNO155","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SHP2 Inhibitor TNO155","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNO155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526915"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791106"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791106"}]}}{"C120207":{"preferredName":"Shu Yu Wan Formula","code":"C120207","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine comprising different herbs that may be used for a variety of medical purposes. Shu Yu Wan contains the following herbs: Da Zao (Fructus Jujubae), Shu Yu (Radix Dioscoreae Quinquelobae), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Uralensis), Shu Di Huang (Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae Praeparata), Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Shen Qu (Massa Medica Fermentata), Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi Cassiae), Da Dou Juan (Semen Glycines Germinatum), E Jiao (Gelatinum Corii Asini), Ren Shen (Radix Ginseng), Bai Zhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae), Fu Ling (Sclerotium Poriae Cocos), Chuan Xiong (Radix Ligustici Wallichii), Bai Shao Yao (Radix Paeoniae Lactiflorae), Mai Men Dong (Tuber Ophiopogonis Japonici), Chai Hu (Radix Bupleuri), Fang Feng (Radix Ledebouriellae Divaricatae), Jie Geng (Radix Platycodi Grandiflori), Xing Ren (Semen Pruni Armeniacae), Bai Lian (Radix Ampelopsis Japonicae) and Sheng Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Officinalis Recens). This formula may be used to relieve chemotherapeutic side effects or cancer-related symptoms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pill of Chinese Yam","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shu Yu Wan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shu Yu Wan Formula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shuyu Wan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3897616"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768217"}]}}{"C1226":{"preferredName":"Sialyl Tn Antigen","code":"C1226","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor-associated core-region carbohydrate antigen of epithelial mucin, expressed in most colon carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, gastric, lung, breast, and ovarian carcinoma. Sialosyl-Tn (STn) antigen has been shown to be highly sensitive and a specific marker of colorectal cancer, associated with more aggressive diseases and poor prognosis. STn antigen and its immediate precursor, Tn antigen, are mucin type glycoprotein structures associated with the earliest steps of mucin O-linked glycosylation. When combined with a carrier molecule, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), this antigen may be co-administered with oral cyclophosphamide as an immune modulator.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD175s","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STn","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STn Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl Tn Antigen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sialyl Tn Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl-Tn","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl-Tn Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0074480"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41616"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41616"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sialyl_Tn_Antigen"}]}}{"C1690":{"preferredName":"Sialyl Tn-KLH Vaccine","code":"C1690","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine composed of a substance that enhances immunity plus an antigen found on some tumors of the colon, breast, lung, ovary, pancreas, and stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A vaccine containing a pancarcinoma carbohydrate antigen conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Sialylated Tn antigen (sTn) is a monosaccharide glycan usually O-linked to serine or threonine residues of mucins found on most epithelial cancers. Conjugation with KLH, a hapten carrier and an immunostimulant, improves host immune responses. Vaccination with sTn-KLH vaccine may produce antibodies and elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against those tumor cells expressing sTn, resulting in decreased tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"STn-KLH Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl Tn-KLH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl Tn-KLH Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sialyl Tn-KLH Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theratope","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theratope STn-KLH Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theratope Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theratope siayl-Tn-KLH vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sialyl Tn-KLH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0388828"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43279"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43279"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sialyl_Tn-KLH_Vaccine"}]}}{"C156438":{"preferredName":"Sibrotuzumab","code":"C156438","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human fibroblast activation protein (FAP). FAP is a 95 kDa cell surface glycoprotein and an inducible tumor stromal antigen of epithelial cancers and of a subset of soft tissue sarcomas. FAP shows a very limited distribution pattern in normal tissues, thereby sibrotuzumab has possible diagnostic and therapeutic applications in epithelial cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HuMoAb F19","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humanized F19 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIBROTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sibrotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563157"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"216669-97-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"552U6E1NIW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C95772":{"preferredName":"siG12D LODER","code":"C95772","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, miniature biodegradable polymeric matrix containing small-interfering RNAs for the mutated KRAS oncogene, KRASG12D, (siG12D), with potential antitumor activity. Upon intratumoral injection, this siG12D is released locally, thereby preventing translation of KRAS proteins and potentially inhibiting growth of tumor cells overexpressing KRAS. KRAS, a member of the small GTPase superfamily, is mutated in over 90% of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) and is associated with tumor cell proliferation and reduced survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SIG12D LODER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"siG12D LODER","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"siG12D LODER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428214"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NNQ0PKZ9EV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685237"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"685237"}]}}{"C64618":{"preferredName":"Silatecan AR-67","code":"C64618","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, highly lipophilic derivative of camptothecin, with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. 7-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin binds to and stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex. This inhibits the religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-stranded DNA breaks and produces lethal double-stranded DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and inducing apoptosis. Camptothecin readily undergoes hydrolysis at physiological pH, changing its conformation from the active lactone structure to an inactive carboxylate form. Modifications on the E ring of camptothecin prevent binding of human serum albumin, which prefers the inactive carboxylate form, thereby enhancing the stability of the active lactone structure and resulting in prolonged agent activity. In addition, this agent sensitizes tumor cells toward radiation treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-Tert-butyldimethylsilyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-t-butyldimethylsilyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AR-67","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DB-67","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Silatecan AR-67","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Silatecan AR-67","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1955483"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"522726"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"522726"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_7-Tert-butyldimethylsilyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin"}]}}{"C152359":{"preferredName":"Silibinin","code":"C152359","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SILIBININ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Silibinin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Silibinin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0600334"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4RKY41TBTF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C2651":{"preferredName":"Silicon Phthalocyanine 4","code":"C2651","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. When absorbed by cancer cells and exposed to light, it becomes active and kills the cancer cells. It is a type of photodynamic therapy agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic photosensitizer agent containing a large macrocyclic ring chelated with silicon. Silicon phthalocyanine 4 localizes primarily in mitochondrial cytosolic membranes and, after photoexcitation, forms reactive oxygen species that induce apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pc-4 (Silicone phthalocyanine)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pc4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Silicon Phthalocyanine 4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Silicon Phthalocyanine 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"silicon phthalocyanine 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"676418"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328695"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38423"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38423"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Silicon_Phthalocyanine_4"}]}}{"C85460":{"preferredName":"Silmitasertib Sodium","code":"C85460","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of silmitasertib, an orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of CK2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Silmitasertib selectively binds to and inhibits the enzyme casein kinase II (CK2), which may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation. CK2, a protein kinase often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, appears to be correlated with malignant transformation, tumor growth and survival. CK2 regulates a diverse array of pro-survival cellular processes including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, hedgehog (Hh) signaling, Hsp90 machinery, hypoxia, and interleukin (IL)-6 expression. CK2 also regulates the activity of XRCC1 and MDC1, two mediator/adaptor proteins that are essential for DNA repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-((3-chlorophenyl)amino)-benzo(c)-2,6-naphthyridine-8-carboxylic Acid Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CK2 Inhibitor CX-4945","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX 4945 Sodium","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-4945 Sodium","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX4945 Sodium","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SILMITASERTIB SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Silmitasertib Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Silmitasertib Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830136"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1309357-15-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N1E607PU86"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"643477"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H11ClN3O2.Na"}]}}{"C61084":{"preferredName":"Siltuximab","code":"C61084","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric (made from human and mouse proteins) monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of advanced kidney cancer and other types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Anti-IL-6 chimeric monoclonal antibody works by blocking inflammation and tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chimeric, human-murine, monoclonal antibody targeting the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6), with antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon intravenous administration of siltuximab, this agent targets and binds to IL-6. This inhibits the binding of IL-6 to the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), which results in the blockade of the IL-6/IL-6R-mediated signal transduction pathway. This inhibits cancer cell growth in tumors overexpressing IL-6.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IL-6 Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNTO 328","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CNTO-328","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SILTUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Siltuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Siltuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sylvant","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-IL-6 chimeric monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cCLB8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cCLB8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL776663"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"541502-14-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T4H8FMA7IM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"475765"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"475765"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-IL-6_Chimeric_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C1227":{"preferredName":"Simalikalactone D","code":"C1227","definitions":[{"description":"A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Simaba multiflora, Quassia africana and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. This agent also has antimalarial and antiviral properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-Simalikalactone D","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Picras-3-ene-2,16-dione, 13,20-epoxy-1,11,12-trihydroxy-15-(2-methyl-1-oxobutoxy)-, (11beta)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Simalikalactone D","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"266494"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0074548"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"35321-80-3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Simalikalactone_D"}]}}{"C129015":{"preferredName":"Simeprevir","code":"C129015","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease complex comprised of non-structural protein 3 and 4A (NS3/NS4A), with activity against HCV genotype 1. Upon administration, simeprevir reversibly binds to the active center and binding site of the HCV NS3/NS4A protease and prevents NS3/NS4A protease-mediated polyprotein maturation. This disrupts both the processing of viral proteins and the formation of the viral replication complex, which inhibits viral replication in HCV genotype 1-infected host cells. NS3, a serine protease, is essential for the proteolytic cleavage of multiple sites within the HCV polyprotein and plays a key role during HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) replication. NS4A is an activating factor for NS3. HCV is a small, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family; HCV infection is associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HSDB 8227","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(17-(2-(4-isopropylthiazole-2-yl)-7-methoxy-8-methylquinolin-4-yloxy)-13-methyl-2,14-dioxo-3,13-diazatricyclo(13.3.0.04,6)octadec-7-ene-4-carbonyl)(cyclopropyl)sulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olysio","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIMEPREVIR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Simeprevir","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMC 435","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMC-435","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMC435","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2605855"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"923604-59-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9WS5RD66HZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783151"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783151"}]}}{"C116871":{"preferredName":"Simotaxel","code":"C116871","definitions":[{"description":"A semi-synthetic, orally bioavailable, third-generation taxane derivative and microtubule-stabilizing agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, simotaxel binds to tubulin, promotes microtubule assembly and stabilization, and prevents microtubule depolymerization. This results in G2/M arrest, apoptosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. This agent is a poor substrate for P-glycoprotein-related drug resistance mechanisms; therefore, it may be useful for treating multi-drug resistant tumors. MST-997 is more potent than paclitaxel and docetaxel and overcomes paclitaxel and docetaxel resistance in certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5Beta,20-epoxy-1,2alpa,4,7beta,10beta,13alpha-hexahydroxytax-11-en-9-one-4-acetate 2-benzoate Ester with (2R,3S)-N-Isopropoxycarbonyl-3-(2-thienyl) Isoserine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MST-997","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIMOTAXEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Simotaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Simotaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL-909","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxane-997","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541465"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"791635-59-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E1M30YOE59"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"387809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"387809"}]}}{"C91735":{"preferredName":"Simtuzumab","code":"C91735","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody against lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-LOXL2 monoclonal antibody GS 6624 targets and specifically binds to the scavenger receptor cysteine rich domain 4 (SRCR-4) on LOXL2, thereby preventing the crosslinking of collagen and inhibiting the recruitment and activation of fibroblasts. Inhibiting fibroblast activation and the subsequent production of growth factors and chemokines may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. LOXL2, a member of the lysyl oxidase (LO) gene family, is an extracellular, copper-dependent enzyme overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, and contributes to tumor cell invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB-0024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB0024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS 6624","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-6624","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIMTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Simtuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Simtuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421656"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1318075-13-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"11Z5AIU653"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681814"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681814"}]}}{"C132992":{"preferredName":"Sintilimab","code":"C132992","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; PD1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, sintilimab binds to PD-1 and inhibits the binding of PD-1 to the PD-1 ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of both T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands; it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody IBI308","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody IBI308","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PDCD1 Monoclonal Antibody IBI308","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI 308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI308","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SINTILIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sintilimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520576"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8FU7FQ8UPK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787603"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787603"}]}}{"C38685":{"preferredName":"Siplizumab","code":"C38685","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of certain lymphoproliferative disorders and psoriasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Siplizumab binds to CD2, a specific receptor found in T cells and NK cells, thereby triggering a host immune response that results in lysis of CD2+ cells, selective suppression of the immune system, and control of activated T cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(human CD2 (Antigen))(Human-rat Monoclonal MEDI-507 G1-chain), Disulfide with Human-rat Monoclonal MEDI-507 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-507","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-507","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SIPLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Siplizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"siplizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328709"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"288392-69-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"T-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KUW1QG1ZM3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346499"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346499"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Siplizumab"}]}}{"C1985":{"preferredName":"Sipuleucel-T","code":"C1985","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat prostate cancer that has spread. It is made from immune system cells collected from a patient with prostate cancer. The cells are treated with a protein that is made by combining a protein found on prostate cancer cells with a growth factor. When the cells are injected back into the patient, they may stimulate T cells to kill prostate cancer cells. Provenge is a type of vaccine and a type of cellular adoptive immunotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cell-based vaccine composed of autologous antigen-presenting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (enriched for a dendritic cell fraction) that have been exposed to a recombinant protein consisting of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) fused to prostatic-acid phosphatase (PAP), a protein expressed by prostate cancer cells. Upon administration, the vaccine may stimulate an antitumor T-cell response against tumor cells expressing PAP. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APC8015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APC8015","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"APC8015 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PA2024 (PAP/GM-CSF)-Loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Provenge","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Provenge","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SIPULEUCEL-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SipT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sipuleucel-T","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sipuleucel-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sipuleucel-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"720270"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706668"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"917381-47-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8Q622VDR18"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38038"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38038"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"APC8015_Vaccine"}]}}{"C116353":{"preferredName":"siRNA-transfected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells APN401","code":"C116353","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) transfected ex vivo with small-interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) directed against the E3 ubiquitin ligase casitas B-lineage lymphoma-b gene (Cbl-b), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. The Cbl-b gene is silenced ex vivo through the binding of Cbl-b siRNA to Cbl-b mRNA, which prevents the translation of the Cbl-b protein in T-lymphocytes. Upon infusion, the activated, Cbl-b-silenced T-lymphocytes are able to increase the production of cytokines, proliferate and activate the immune system, which leads to cancer cell eradication. Cbl-b, a negative regulator of the immune system, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types. Its expression is inversely correlated with activation of T-lymphocytes and tumor cell eradication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APN401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"siRNA-transfected PBMC APN401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"siRNA-transfected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells APN401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473671"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761870"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761870"}]}}{"C1212":{"preferredName":"Sirolimus","code":"C1212","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to keep the body from rejecting organ and bone marrow transplants. Rapamune blocks certain white blood cells that can reject foreign tissues and organs. It also blocks a protein that is involved in cell division. It is a type of antibiotic, a type of immunosuppressant, and a type of serine/threonine kinase inhibitor. Rapamune was previously called rapamycin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural macrocyclic lactone produced by the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus, with immunosuppressant properties. In cells, sirolimus binds to the immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate an immunosuppressive complex that binds to and inhibits the activation of the mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR), a key regulatory kinase. This results in inhibition of T lymphocyte activation and proliferation that occurs in response to antigenic and cytokine (IL-2, IL-4, and IL-15) stimulation and inhibition of antibody production. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9,10,12,13,14,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,32,33,34,34a-Hexadecahydro-9,27-dihydroxy-3-((1R)-2-((1S,3R,4R)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl)-1-methylethyl)-10,21-dimethoxy-6,8,12,14,20,26-hexamethyl-23,27-epoxy-3H-pyrido(2,1-c)(1,4)oxaazacyclohentriacontine-1,5,11,2","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AY 22989","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAPAMYCIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Rapamune","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rapamune","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Rapamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SILA 9268A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIROLIMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sirolimus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sirolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sirolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WY-090217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rapamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sirolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"226080"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0072980"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53123-88-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Kidney transplant rejection, prevention"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W36ZG6FT64"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42555"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42555"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C51H79NO13"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sirolimus"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9168"}]}}{"C125718":{"preferredName":"Ontorpacept","code":"C125718","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble recombinant antibody-like fusion protein composed of the N-terminal CD47 binding domain of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) linked to the Fc domain of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ontorpacept selectively targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with endogenous SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrophage activation and phagocytosis of cancer cells. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1), expressed on macrophages, and results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, thereby allowing cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ONTORPACEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ontorpacept","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ontorpacept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIRPa-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-621","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIRPaFc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI 621","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI-621","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504374"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2131089-46-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q8A4U1Z9N2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C150756":{"preferredName":"SIRPa-IgG4-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-622","code":"C150756","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble recombinant antibody-like fusion protein composed of the N-terminal CD47 binding domain of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa; CD172a) linked to an Fc domain derived from human immunoglobulin G subtype 4 (IgG4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the SIRPa-IgG4-Fc fusion protein TTI-622 selectively targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with endogenous SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrophage activation. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling resulting from the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) expressed on macrophages, and results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects tumor cells from phagocytosis, thereby allowing these cells to proliferate and survive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SIRPa-IgG4 Fc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIRPa-IgG4 Fc TTI-622","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIRPa-IgG4-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-622","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SIRPa-IgG4-Fc Fusion Protein TTI-622","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI 622","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI-622","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI-622","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TTI622","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552621"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"44D51T6SZH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793524"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793524"}]}}{"C162553":{"preferredName":"Sitimagene Ceradenovec","code":"C162553","definitions":[{"description":"A replication-deficient adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) with E1 and partial E3 deletions containing cDNA for the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-Tk), which, when administered in combination with ganciclovir (GCV), possesses potential antineoplastic activity. Following administration, transgene-expressing cells produce thymidine kinase, which phosphorylates GCV to ganciclovir triphosphate, a cytotoxic nucleotide analog that is incorporated into DNA resulting in chain termination and induction of apoptosis in rapidly dividing cells. This process spares normal neurons as they do not proliferate and are therefore not susceptible to the toxic effects of GCV metabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EG 009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EG-009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EG009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sitimagene Ceradenovec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971128"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"898830-54-1"}]}}{"C117734":{"preferredName":"Sitravatinib","code":"C117734","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, sitravatinib binds to and inhibits the activity of several RTKs including hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; c-Met; MET), tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO (AXL receptor tyrosine kinase; AXL), mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (SCFR; c-kit; KIT), the receptor tyrosine kinase MER, discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) types 1 (VEGFR-1; FLT1), 2 (VEGFR-2; KDR; Flk-1) and 3 (VEGFR-3), members of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) family, RET (rearranged during transfection), tropomyosin-related kinases (TRK) and members of the ephrin (Eph) family of receptor tyrosine kinases. This may result in both the inhibition of signal transduction pathways mediated by these RTKs and the reduction of tumor cell proliferation in cancer cell types that overexpress these RTKs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1-Cyclopropanedicarboxamide, N-(3-Fluoro-4-((2-(5-(((2-methoxyethyl)amino)methyl)-2-pyridinyl)thieno(3,2-b)pyridin-7-yl)oxy)phenyl)-N'-(4-fluorophenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGCD516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SITRAVATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sitravatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474129"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1123837-84-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CWG62Q1VTB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764051"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"764051"}]}}{"C61305":{"preferredName":"Sivifene","code":"C61305","definitions":[{"description":"The phenylhydrazone 4,4'-dihydroxybenzophenone-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone formulated as a topical agent with immunomodulating and potential antineoplastic activities. Applied topically as a gel, sivifene may stimulate a local immune response against human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4,4'-Dihydroxybenzophenone 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-007","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aryl Hydrazone A-007 Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIVIFENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sivifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0385861"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2675-35-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XAV05295I5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485274"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485274"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H14N4O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"A-007"}]}}{"C824":{"preferredName":"Sizofiran","code":"C824","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble beta-D-glucan produced by the Basidiomycetes fungus, Schizophyllum commune Fries, with potential immunomodulating and antitumor activities. Although sizofiran's exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to stimulate the immune system by increasing cytokine production, activating macrophages and enhancing the activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PML) and natural killer (NK) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MC-Glucan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poly(3-(O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-6))-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIZOFIRAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Schizophyllan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schizophyllan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schizophyllane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sixofilan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sizofiran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sonifilan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036359"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9050-67-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7F763NNC9X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752996"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752996"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"(C24H38O19)n"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sizofiran"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50653"}]}}{"C153354":{"preferredName":"SLC6A8 Inhibitor RGX-202","code":"C153354","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the creatine transporter, solute carrier family 6, member 8 (SLC6a8), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RGX-202 inhibits phosphocreatine uptake by SLC6a8, thereby reducing intracellular levels of phosphocreatine available for ATP synthesis in tumor cells. SLC6a8 is overexpressed in some cancer types and inhibition of its activity may potentially limit tumor cell growth and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RGX 202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RGX-202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RGX-202-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RGX202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLC6A8 Inhibitor RGX-202","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SLC6A8 Inhibitor RGX-202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554455"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794147"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794147"}]}}{"C154553":{"preferredName":"SLCT Inhibitor GNS561","code":"C154553","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, quinolone-derived, small molecule inhibitor of an as of yet not disclosed solute carrier transporter (SLCT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, GNS561 demonstrates multiple cellular effects including inhibition of SLCT activity, induction of apoptosis via caspase 3/7 activation, and inhibition of autophagy through lysosomal disruption. Several SLCTs are upregulated in cancer and serve as tumor promoters. Over-expression of SLCT in some tumors is associated with stemness features and may be associated with poor outcomes. Inhibition of autophagy and induction of apoptosis may potentially inhibit tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GNS 561","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GNS-561","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GNS561","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLCT Inhibitor GNS561","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SLCT Inhibitor GNS561","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555353"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794352"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794352"}]}}{"C150507":{"preferredName":"SMAC Mimetic BI 891065","code":"C150507","definitions":[{"description":"A mimetic of second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (Smac/DIABLO) and inhibitor of IAPs (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Smac mimetic BI 891065 targets and binds to the Smac binding groove on IAPs, including the caspase inhibitor X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and the cellular IAPs 1 and 2. This inhibits the activities of these IAPs and promotes the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types and suppress apoptosis by binding to and inhibiting certain caspases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 891065","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMAC Mimetic BI 891065","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552291"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793013"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793013"}]}}{"C88274":{"preferredName":"Smac Mimetic GDC-0152","code":"C88274","definitions":[{"description":"A second mitochondrial activator of caspases (Smac) mimetic inhibitor of IAPs (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins) with potential antineoplastic activity. Smac mimetic GDC-0152 binds to the Smac binding groove on IAPs, including the direct caspase inhibitor X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and the cellular IAPs 1 and 2, which may inhibit their activities and promote the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types and suppress apoptosis by binding to and inhibiting active caspases-3, -7 and -9 via their baculoviral lAP repeat (BIR) domains. Smac, the endogenous IAP antagonist, relies on its N-terminal four amino-acid motif for binding to IAPs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDC-0152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IAP Antagonist GDC-0152","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smac Mimetic GDC-0152","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Smac Mimetic GDC-0152","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981796"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655953"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655953"}]}}{"C103825":{"preferredName":"Smac Mimetic GDC-0917","code":"C103825","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, monovalent mimetic of second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (Smac/DIABLO) and inhibitor of IAPs (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins) with potential antineoplastic activity. Smac mimetic GDC-0917 binds to the Smac binding groove on IAPs, including the direct caspase inhibitor X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and the cellular IAPs 1 and 2. This inhibits the activities of these IAPs and promotes the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types and suppress apoptosis by binding to and inhibiting active caspases-3, -7 and -9 via their baculoviral lAP repeat (BIR) domains.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CUDC 427","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUDC-427","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CUDC427","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0917","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0917","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"IAP Antagonist GDC-0917","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Prolinamide, N-methyl-L-alanyl-(2S)-2-cyclohexylglycyl-N-(2-(2-oxazolyl)-4-phenyl-5-thiazolyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMAC/DIABLO Mimetic GDC-0917","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smac Mimetic GDC-0917","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433733"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1446182-94-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KWH46ZDG32"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688091"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688091"}]}}{"C91079":{"preferredName":"Smac Mimetic LCL161","code":"C91079","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (SMAC) mimetic and inhibitor of IAP (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. SMAC mimetic LCL161 binds to IAPs, such as X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and cellular IAPs 1 and 2. Since IAPs shield cancer cells from the apoptosis process, this agent may restore and promote the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways in cancer cells. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types and suppress apoptosis by binding and inhibiting active caspases-3, -7 and -9, which play essential roles in apoptosis (programmed cell death), necrosis and inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LCL161","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smac Mimetic LCL161","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Smac Mimetic LCL161","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984020"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670651"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670651"}]}}{"C159535":{"preferredName":"SMO Protein Inhibitor ZSP1602","code":"C159535","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule SMO (Smoothened) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. SMO inhibitor BMS-833923 inhibits the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway protein SMO, which may result in a suppression of the SHH signaling pathway. SMO is a G-protein coupled receptor that lies just downstream of the SHH ligand cell surface receptor Patched-1 in the SHH pathway; in the absence of ligand Patched-1 inhibits SMO and ligand binding to Patched-1 results in increased levels of SMO. The SHH signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair; constitutive activation of this pathway is associated with uncontrolled cellular proliferation and has been observed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SMO Protein Inhibitor ZSP1602","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoothened Inhibitor ZSP1602","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZSP 1602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZSP-1602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZSP1602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951429"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797467"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797467"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Smoothened_Antagonist_BMS-833923"}]}}{"C77861":{"preferredName":"Smoothened Antagonist BMS-833923","code":"C77861","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule SMO (Smoothened) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. SMO inhibitor BMS-833923 inhibits the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway protein SMO, which may result in a suppression of the SHH signaling pathway. SMO is a G-protein coupled receptor that lies just downstream of the SHH ligand cell surface receptor Patched-1 in the SHH pathway; in the absence of ligand Patched-1 inhibits SMO and ligand binding to Patched-1 results in increased levels of SMO. The SHH signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair; constitutive activation of this pathway is associated with uncontrolled cellular proliferation and has been observed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-833923","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist BMS-833923","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist BMS-833923","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist BMS-833923","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL139","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699316"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596304"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"596304"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Smoothened_Antagonist_BMS-833923"}]}}{"C88337":{"preferredName":"Smoothened Antagonist LDE225 Topical","code":"C88337","definitions":[{"description":"A topical formulation of the small-molecule Smoothened (Smo) antagonist LDE225 with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical application, smoothened antagonist LDE225 selectively binds to the Hedgehog (Hh)-ligand cell surface receptor Smo, which may result in the suppression of the Hh signaling pathway and, so, the inhibition of tumor cells in which this pathway is abnormally activated. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair. Inappropriate activation of Hh pathway signaling and uncontrolled cellular proliferation, as is observed in a variety of cancers, may be associated with mutations in the Hh-ligand cell surface receptor Smo.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LDE225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist LDE225 Topical","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413601"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662542"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662542"}]}}{"C91089":{"preferredName":"Smoothened Antagonist LEQ506","code":"C91089","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule Smoothened (Smo) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Smoothened antagonist LEQ506 selectively binds to the Hedgehog (Hh)-ligand cell surface receptor Smo, which may result in the suppression of the Hh signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair. Dysregulated activation of Hh pathway signaling and uncontrolled cellular proliferation, as is observed in a variety of cancers, may be associated with mutations in the Hh-ligand cell surface receptor Smo.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEQ506","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist LEQ506","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist LEQ506","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421477"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671850"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"671850"}]}}{"C116874":{"preferredName":"Smoothened Antagonist TAK-441","code":"C116874","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable pyrrolopyridine derivative and Smoothened (Smo) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Smo antagonist TAK-441 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity Smo, which is a cell surface co-receptor for ligands in the Hedgehog (Hh) family. This may result in a suppression of Hh-mediated signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting the growth of tumor cells in which this pathway is aberrantly activated. Smo is a G-protein coupled receptor that lies just downstream of the Hh cell surface receptor Patched-1 in the Hh pathway; in the absence of ligand, Patched-1 (Ptch1) inhibits Smo, and ligand binding to Ptch1 results in increased levels of Smo. The Hh-mediated signaling pathways play an important role in cellular growth and differentiation, and tissue repair; constitutive activation of this pathway is associated with uncontrolled cellular proliferation in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Ethyl-N-[1-(hydroxyacetyl)piperidin-4-yl]-1-methyl-4-oxo-5-(2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist TAK-441","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist TAK-441","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-441","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3660685"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1186231-83-3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686270"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"686270"}]}}{"C71521":{"preferredName":"SN-38-Loaded Polymeric Micelles NK012","code":"C71521","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation consisting of polymeric micelles loaded with the irinotecan metabolite SN-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. SN-38-loaded polymeric micelles NK012 is an SN-38-releasing nanodevice constructed by covalently attaching SN-38 to the block copolymer PEG-PGlu, followed by self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers in an aqueous milieu. SN-38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin), a biological active metabolite of the prodrug irinotecan (CPT-11), binds to and inhibits topoisomerase I by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication, and apoptosis. SN-38 has been reported to exhibit up to 1,000-fold more cytotoxic activity against various cancer cells in vitro than irinotecan. This formulation increases the water-solubility of SN-38 and allows the delivery of higher doses of SN-38 than those achievable with SN-38 alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NK012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN-38-Loaded Polymeric Micelles NK012","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376227"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574615"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574615"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SN-38-Loaded_Polymeric_Micelle"}]}}{"C98288":{"preferredName":"SNS01-T Nanoparticles","code":"C98288","definitions":[{"description":"A colloidal mixture of nanoparticles consisting of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the native eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), plasmids expressing a pro-apoptotic mutant of elF5A under the control of a B-cell specific promoter (B29), and a synthetic cationic polymer polyethylenimine (PEI) as a delivery vehicle, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the siRNA component of SNS01-T suppresses elF5A expression, thereby interfering with translation of eIF5A and reducing levels of hypusinated elF5A in cancer cells. In turn, this inhibits activation of the transcription factor NF-kB and induces apoptosis. In addition, the B-cell specific plasmid component expresses an arginine substituted form of eIF5A, eIF5AK50R, which can not be hypusinated, thus leads to a selective induction of apoptosis in B-cells. The native unhypusinated form of eIF5A is pro-apoptotic and can be modified at the lysine residue, by deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS) and subsequently deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (DHH), to the anti-apoptotic hypusinated form which is associated with tumor cell growth and survival. The delivery vehicle protects the siRNA and plasmid from degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SNS01-T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS01-T Nanoparticles","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SNS01-T Nanoparticles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432406"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712786"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"712786"}]}}{"C66540":{"preferredName":"Sobuzoxane","code":"C66540","definitions":[{"description":"The orally available active prodrug of ICRF-154, a bisdioxopiperazine derivative, with cardioprotective and antineoplastic activities. Like other ICRF compounds, sobuzoxane and its active metabolite ICRF-154 interfere with topoisomerase II activity prior to the formation of intermediate cleavable DNA-enzyme complexes during the catalytic cycle resulting in tumor cell growth inhibition. Furthermore, sobuzoxane chelates metal cations thereby limiting the formation of free radical-generating anthracycline-metal complexes and may prevent anthracycline-induced oxidative damage to cardiac and soft tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2-Bis(4-isobutoxycarbonyloxymethyl-3,5-dioxo-piperazin-1-yl)ethane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MST-16","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOBUZOXANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sobuzoxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0378253"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"98631-95-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R1308VH37P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H34N4O10"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sobuzoxane"}]}}{"C2208":{"preferredName":"Sodium Borocaptate","code":"C2208","definitions":[{"description":"A substance used in a type of radiation therapy called boron neutron capture therapy. Sodium borocaptate is injected into a vein and becomes concentrated in tumor cells. The patient then receives radiation treatment with atomic particles called neutrons. The neutrons react with the boron in sodium borocaptate and make radioactive particles that kill the tumor cells without harming normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A boron-carrying compound. After parenteral administration, sodium borocaptate accumulates preferentially in tumor cells. When exposed to neutron irradiation, borocaptate absorbs neutrons and self-destructs releasing short-range alpha radiation and 'recoil' lithium in tumor cells, resulting in alpha radiation-induced tumor cell death. This highly selective, localized radiotargeting of tumor cells, known as boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), spares adjacent normal tissues. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BSH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Borocaptate Sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borocarpin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium Borocaptate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sodium borocaptate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"643"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0127575"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"80-17-1"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"12448-24-7"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"306451"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"306451"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borocaptate_Sodium"}]}}{"C2337":{"preferredName":"Sodium Butyrate","code":"C2337","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of butyrate with potential antineoplastic activity. Butyrate, a short chain fatty acid, competitively binds to the zinc sites of class I and II histone deacetylases (HDACs). This binding affects hyperacetylation of histones, resulting in a modified DNA conformation, which subsequently leads to the uncoiling or relaxing of chromatin. Enhanced accessibility of chromatin to transcription-regulatory complexes leads to increased transcriptional activation of various epigenetically suppressed genes. Butyrate, a HDAC inhibitor, induces cell cycle arrest in G1 or G2/M and also increases the expression of other genes and proteins involved in cellular differentiation and apoptotic signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Butyrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butyrate sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Butyric Acid, Sodium Salt","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"SODIUM BUTYRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sodium Butyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium butanoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sodium butyrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"butyric acid, sodium salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sodium butanoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"174280"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0142812"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"156-54-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8RAS91C36W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39601"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39601"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H7O2.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sodium_Butyrate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64103"}]}}{"C73591":{"preferredName":"Sodium Dichloroacetate","code":"C73591","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of dichloroacetic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Dichloroacetate ion inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, resulting in the inhibition of glycolysis and a decrease in lactate production. This agent may stimulate apoptosis in cancer cells by restoring normal mitochondrial-induced apoptotic signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPC 211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dichloroacetic Acid, Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM DICHLOROACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sodium Dichloroacetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sodium Dichloroacetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037501"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2156-56-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"42932X67B5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"582893"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"582893"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C2HCl2O2.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sodium_Dichloroacetate"}]}}{"C47725":{"preferredName":"Sodium Iodide I-131","code":"C47725","definitions":[{"description":"A radiopharmaceutical containing the beta- and gamma-emitting radioisotope I-131. After absorption, the iodide is distributed through the extracellular fluid of the body and accumulates in the thyroid gland, thereby allowing the imaging of the thyroid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(131-I)Sodium Iodide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HICON","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I 131 Mini","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodotope I-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Natrium Radio-iodatum(131 I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oriodide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiocaps-131","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM IODIDE I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sodium Iodide (131I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium Iodide I-131","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sodium Iodide I-131","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0304982"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7790-26-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"29VCO8ACHH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721984"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721984"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"I.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sodium_Iodide_I-131"}]}}{"C91098":{"preferredName":"Sodium Metaarsenite","code":"C91098","definitions":[{"description":"A highly soluble, orally available trivalent arsenic-containing telomerase inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. Although the exact mechanism through which sodium metaarsenite exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to target and bind to telomeric sequences, specifically TTAGGG repeats, leading to a shortening of telomeres, and subsequent induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor cell growth. In addition, sodium metaarsenite also leads to the translocation of the catalytic subunit of telomerase into the cytoplasm and inhibition of the activity of telomerase. Telomerase is active in most tumors cells and is responsible for the maintenance of telomere length and plays a key role in cellular proliferation, but is quiescent in normal, healthy cells. The susceptibility to sodium metaarsenite seems to be inversely correlated with initial length of telomeres.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KML-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM ARSENITE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sodium Arsenite","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium Metaarsenite","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sodium Metaarsenite","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0074719"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7784-46-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"48OVY2OC72"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672554"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"672554"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"AsO2.Na"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:29678"}]}}{"C1440":{"preferredName":"Sodium Phenylbutyrate","code":"C1440","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called differentiating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt of phenylbutyrate, a derivative of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate, with potential antineoplastic activity. Phenylbutyrate reversibly inhibits class I and II histone deacetylases (HDACs), which may result in a global increase in gene expression, decreased cellular proliferation, increased cell differentiation, and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Phenylbutyric Acid, Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buphenyl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phenylbutyrate Sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM PHENYLBUTYRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SPB11","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium 4-Phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sodium Phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sodium Phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sodium Phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"phenylbutyrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"657802"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0718066"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1716-12-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Adjunctive therapy for urea cycle disorders involving deficiencies of carbamoylphosphate synthetase; ornithine transcarbamylase; or argininosuccinic acid synthetase; S-S and S-C sickle cell disease; S-thalassemia hemoglobinopathy"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NT6K61736T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536018"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"536018"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H11O2.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_4-Phenylbutyrate"}]}}{"C834":{"preferredName":"Sodium Salicylate","code":"C834","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Sodium salicylate may be tolerated by people who are sensitive to aspirin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt of salicylic acid. As a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), sodium salicylate irreversibly acetylates cyclooxygenases I and II, thereby inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis and associated inflammation and pain. This agent may also activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), thereby inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM SALICYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Salicylate, sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sodium Salicylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sodium Salicylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium salicylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"sodium salicylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"202167"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037549"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"54-21-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Fever; Inflammatory conditions; Pain"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WIQ1H85SYP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43094"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43094"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H5O3.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sodium_Salicylate"}]}}{"C87346":{"preferredName":"Sodium Selenite","code":"C87346","definitions":[{"description":"An inorganic form of the trace element selenium with potential antineoplastic activity. Selenium, administered in the form of sodium selenite, is reduced to hydrogen selenide (H2Se) in the presence of glutathione (GSH) and subsequently generates superoxide radicals upon reaction with oxygen. This may inhibit the expression and activity of the transcription factor Sp1; in turn Sp1 down-regulates androgen receptor (AR) expression and blocks AR signaling. Eventually, selenium may induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cells and inhibit tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Disodium Selenium Trioxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM SELENITE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Selenious Acid Disodium Salt","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selenious Acid, Sodium Salt (1:2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium Selenite","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sodium Selenite","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0142923"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10102-18-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HIW548RQ3W"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681583"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681583"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2Na.O3Se"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:48843"}]}}{"C61083":{"preferredName":"Sodium Stibogluconate","code":"C61083","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of certain solid tumors, lymphoma, and myeloma. Sodium stibogluconate may block enzymes needed for cancer growth. It is a type of pentavalent antimonial.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Pentavalent antimony (Sb) in differential complex formation with gluconic acid with leishmanicidal and potential antineoplastic activities. The Sb moiety of sodium stibogluconate (SSG) may inhibit protein tyrosine phosphorylases (PTPases) by covalently modifying sulfhydryl groups in PTPase cysteine residues, resulting in specific inactivation of SH2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatases-1 and -2 (SHP-1 and SHP-2), PTPases which negatively regulate interferon (IFN) signaling; enhancement of IFN-induced Stat1 tyrosine phosphorylation; and induction of cellular protein tyrosine phosphorylation. SSG in combination with IFN-alpha may synergize to overcome tumor cell resistance to IFN-alpha-mediated apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antimony Sodium Gluconate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lenocta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myostibin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pentostam","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM STIBOGLUCONATE ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SSG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Sodium Stibogluconate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sodium Stibogluconate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sodium Stibogluconate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solustibosan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solustin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VQD001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sodium stibogluconate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030895"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"16037-91-5"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"12001-86-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V083S0159D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"475763"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"475763"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H18O17Sb2.2Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sodium_Stibogluconate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28148"}]}}{"C156728":{"preferredName":"Sodium-Potassium Adenosine Triphosphatase Inhibitor RX108","code":"C156728","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule, inhibitor of sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, RX108 inhibits the activity of the Na+/K+-ATPase, which prevents the activation of various signal transduction pathways that play a key role in tumor proliferation. This may lead to cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagic cell death. Na+/K+-ATPase is overexpressed in certain tumor types and may serve as a scaffold for the assembly of multiple-protein signaling complexes that regulate cell proliferation and motility. In normal, healthy cells, the Na+/K+-ATPase controls transportation of Na+ and K+ across the cell membrane and is essential for electrochemical gradient maintenance, osmotic balance, and cellular pH.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Na+/K+-ATPase Inhibitor RX108","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RX 108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RX-108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RX108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium-Potassium Adenosine Triphosphatase Inhibitor RX108","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sodium-Potassium Adenosine Triphosphatase Inhibitor RX108","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium-Potassium Pump Inhibitor RX10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935853"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795834"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795834"}]}}{"C106119":{"preferredName":"Sofituzumab Vedotin","code":"C106119","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting the MUC16 protein (CA-125) conjugated to, via a cleavable linker, the antimicrotubulin agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of sofituzumab vedotin selectively binds to MUC16. After internalization of the drug conjugate and proteolytic cleavage of the linker, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M-phase growth arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. MUC16, a transmembrane protein, is overexpressed on the cell surface of more than 80 percent of ovarian cancer cells but not on healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DMUC5754A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOFITUZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sofituzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sofituzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433830"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2X3CKG601L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699480"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699480"}]}}{"C77854":{"preferredName":"Solitomab","code":"C77854","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against both CD3 and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Solitomab attaches to both CD3-expressing T lymphocytes and EpCAM-expressing tumor cells, thereby selectively cross-linking tumor and T lymphocytes; this may result in the recruitment of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to T lymphocyte/tumor cell aggregates and the CTL-mediated death of EpCAM-expressing tumor cells. CD3 is an antigen expressed on mature T cells; EpCAM, a cell surface protein, is expressed by a variety of tumor cells and is frequently found in head and neck cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EpCAM BiTE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MT110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOLITOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Solitomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3642415"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1005198-65-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZQQ51B5708"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592863"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592863"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-EpCAM_Anti-CD3_Recombinant_Bispecific_Monoclonal_Antibody_MT110"}]}}{"C78195":{"preferredName":"Sonepcizumab","code":"C78195","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, sonepcizumab binds S1P, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. S1P is the extracellular ligand for the G protein-coupled lysophospholipid receptor EDG-1 (endothelial differentiation gene-1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Asonep","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LT1009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SONEPCIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sonepcizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383585"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O4T5UXS4P2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595163"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"595163"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sonepcizumab"}]}}{"C82385":{"preferredName":"Sonidegib","code":"C82385","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule smoothened (Smo) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Sonidegib selectively binds to the hedgehog (Hh)-ligand cell surface receptor Smo, which may result in the suppression of the Hh signaling pathway and, so, the inhibition of tumor cells in which this pathway is abnormally activated. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair. Inappropriate activation of Hh pathway signaling and uncontrolled cellular proliferation, as is observed in a variety of cancers, may be associated with mutations in the Hh-ligand cell surface receptor Smo.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(1,1'-Biphenyl)-3-carboxamide, N-(6-((2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4-morpholinyl)-3-pyridinyl)-2- methyl-4'-(trifluoromethoxy)-, rel-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erismodegib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDE-225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDE225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odomzo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SONIDEGIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Smoothened Antagonist LDE225","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sonidegib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sonidegib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830069"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"956697-53-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0RLU3VTK5M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641974"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641974"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H26F3N3O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Smoothened_Antagonist_LDE225"}]}}{"C78848":{"preferredName":"Sonolisib","code":"C78848","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule wortmannin analogue inhibitor of the alpha, gamma, and delta isoforms of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. Sonolisib inhibits the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4E)-4-(((Bis(prop-2-en-1-yl)amino)methylidene)-6-hydroxy-1alpha-(methoxymethyl)-3,7,17-trioxo-2-oxaandrosta-5,8-dien-11alpha-yl Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PX 866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PX-866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PX866","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SONOLISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sonolisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sonolisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acetic acid (1S,4E,10R,11R,13S,14R)-4-diallylaminomethylene-6-hydroxy-1-methoxymethyl-10,13-dimethyl-3,7,17-trioxo-1,3,4,7,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-2-oxa-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-11-yl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acetic acid 4-diallylaminomethylene-6-hydroxy-1-alpha 12-methoxymethyl-10beta,13beta-dimethyl-3,7,17-trioxo-1,3,4,7,10,11beta,12,13,14alpha,15,16,17-dodecahydro-2-oxa-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-11-yl ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1566038"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"502632-66-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"987796874T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612038"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"612038"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PI3K_Inhibitor_PX-866"}]}}{"C61948":{"preferredName":"Sorafenib","code":"C61948","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced kidney cancer and a type of liver cancer that cannot be removed by surgery. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Sorafenib stops cells from dividing and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic compound targeting growth signaling and angiogenesis. Sorafenib blocks the enzyme RAF kinase, a critical component of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that controls cell division and proliferation; in addition, sorafenib inhibits the VEGFR-2/PDGFR-beta signaling cascade, thereby blocking tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BA4 43 9006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 43-9006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 43-9006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Bay-439006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SORAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sorafenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sorafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sorafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sorafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"sorafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1516119"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"284461-73-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9ZOQ3TZI87"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H16ClF3N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sorafenib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50924"}]}}{"C2194":{"preferredName":"Sorafenib Tosylate","code":"C2194","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced kidney cancer and a type of liver cancer that cannot be removed by surgery. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Nexavar stops cells from dividing and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tosylate salt of sorafenib, a synthetic compound targeting growth signaling and angiogenesis. Sorafenib blocks the enzyme RAF kinase, a critical component of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that controls cell division and proliferation; in addition, sorafenib inhibits the VEGFR-2/PDGFR-beta signaling cascade, thereby blocking tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(4-(3-(4-Chloro-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)ureido)phenoxy)pyridine-2-carboxyllic Acid Methyamide-4-methylbenzenesulfonate Tosylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 43-9006 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 54-9085","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nexavar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nexavar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SORAFENIB TOSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sorafenib Tosylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sorafenib Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sorafenib Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sorafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sorafenib tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"724772"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1676709"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"475207-59-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Major Depressive Disorder"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Advanced renal cell carcinoma; Metastatic Colorectal Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5T62Q3B36J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299013"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299013"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H16ClF3N4O3.C7H8O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BAY_43-9006"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:50928"}]}}{"C111681":{"preferredName":"Sorghum bicolor Supplement","code":"C111681","definitions":[{"description":"An herbal-based nutritional supplement containing the leaf sheaths of the plant Sorghum bicolor, with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, chemopreventive and immunomodulating activities. Sorghum bicolor supplement contains various phytochemicals, including phenolic acids and polyphenols such as proanthocyanidins. Sorghum bicolor supplement is particularly rich in 3-deoxyanthocyanins, such as luteolinidin and apigeninidin, and appears to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation in cancer cells through the stimulation of various apoptosis promoter genes and the downregulation of certain apoptosis inhibitor genes. In addition, due to the strong antioxidant nature of the phytochemicals, these compounds are able to scavenge free radicals and prevent tissue damage. Also, intake of this supplement modulates the immune system by both increasing the activity of natural killer (NK) cells and initiating the activation of macrophages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jobelyn","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sorghum bicolor Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sorghum bicolor Supplement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL454073"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752436"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752436"}]}}{"C80630":{"preferredName":"Sotrastaurin","code":"C80630","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available pan-protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor with potential immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities. Sotrastaurin inhibits both T- and B-cell activations via PKC theta and beta isozymes, respectively. Both PKCs are important in the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB). Inhibition of PKC beta in B-cells results in prevention of NF-kB-mediated signaling and down regulation of NF-kB target genes. This may eventually lead to an induction of G1 cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. This agent may act synergistically with other chemotherapeutic agents. PKC, a family of serine/threonine protein kinases overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells, is involved in cell differentiation, mitogenesis, inflammation, and the activation and survival of lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SOTRASTAURIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sotrastaurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742796"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"425637-18-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7I279E1NZ8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H22N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sotrastaurin"}]}}{"C80631":{"preferredName":"Sotrastaurin Acetate","code":"C80631","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate salt form of sotrastaurin, an orally available pan-protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor with potential immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities. Sotrastaurin inhibits both T- and B-cell activations via PKC theta and beta isozymes, respectively. Both PKCs are important in the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB). Inhibition of PKC beta in B-cells results in prevention of NF-kB-mediated signaling and down regulation of NF-kB target genes. This may eventually lead to an induction of G1 cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. This agent may act synergistically with other chemotherapeutic agents. PKC, a family of serine/threonine protein kinases overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells, is involved in cell differentiation, mitogenesis, inflammation, and the activation and survival of lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(1H-Indol-3-yl)-4-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)quinazolin-4- yl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AEB 071","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AEB071","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOTRASTAURIN ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sotrastaurin Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sotrastaurin Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830197"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"908351-31-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R1SIA15KZ1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"708113"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"708113"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H22N6O2.C2H4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sotrastaurin_Acetate"}]}}{"C65152":{"preferredName":"Soy Isoflavones","code":"C65152","definitions":[{"description":"A dietary supplement isolated from soybeans containing phytoestrogen isoflavones. Although the mechanism of action is unclear, soy isoflavones mimic estrogen action mediated through estrogen receptors. In addition, this agent also modulates estrogen metabolism. As a result, soy isoflavones have been shown to reduce tumor cell proliferation and induce tumor cell apoptosis, as well as to be able to regulate hormone balance and reduce the risks of breast cancer, heart disease, and osteoporosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NovaSoy","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOY ISOFLAVONES","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Solgen 40","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soy Isoflavone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Soy Isoflavones","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Soy Isoflavones","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soybean Isoflavone Mixture","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4076257"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"71B37NR06D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"466602"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"466602"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Soy_Isoflavones"}]}}{"C1803":{"preferredName":"Soy Protein Isolate","code":"C1803","definitions":[{"description":"A dietary protein isolated from soybeans that contains isoflavone phytoestrogens. Soy protein isolate has been shown to reduce tumor incidence and growth in some animal studies, possibly by modulating estrogen metabolism, reducing tumor cell proliferation, and inducing tumor cell apoptosis. Soy protein isolate may also inhibit endothelial cell proliferation. Isoflavone phytoestrogens display mild estrogen-like activities which may regulate hormone balance and reduce the risks of breast cancer, heart disease, and osteoporosis. 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PALA inhibits pyrimidine biosynthesis and increases the extent to which fluorouracil is incorporated into RNA. 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Sparfosic acid is a stable transition analogue of the activated complex for the reaction catalyzed by aspartate transcarbamylase, the first step in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. This agent inhibits de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis and increases the extent to which fluorouracil metabolites are incorporated into RNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L-Aspartic acid, N-(phosphonoacetyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PALA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PALA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PALA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Phosphonacetyl-L-aspartic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPARFOSIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sparfosate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sparfosic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"224131"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0135096"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51321-79-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"78QVZ7RG8L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39547"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39547"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H10NO8P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"N-Phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate"}]}}{"C121625":{"preferredName":"Spartalizumab","code":"C121625","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1, PCD-1), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, spartalizumab binds to PD-1 expressed on activated T-cells and blocks the interaction with its ligands, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1, PD-1L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2, PD-1L2). The inhibition of ligand binding prevents PD-1-mediated signaling and results in both T-cell activation and the induction of T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, an immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily transmembrane protein and inhibitory receptor, negatively regulates T-cell activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PDR-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDR001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPARTALIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Spartalizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Spartalizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053607"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QOG25L6Z8Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770801"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770801"}]}}{"C97037":{"preferredName":"Spebrutinib","code":"C97037","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of Bruton's agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, spebrutinib targets and covalently binds to BTK, thereby preventing its activity. By irreversibly inhibiting BTK, administration of this agent may lead to an inhibition of B cell receptor (BCR) signaling and may inhibit cell proliferation of B-cell malignancies. BTK, a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase and member of the Tec family of kinases, plays an important role in B lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propenamide, N-(3-((5-fluoro-2-((4-(2-methoxyethoxy)phenyl)amino)-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVL-292","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CC-292","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-292","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPEBRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Spebrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Spebrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3642455"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1202757-89-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DRU6NG543J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700570"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700570"}]}}{"C131368":{"preferredName":"Spherical Nucleic Acid Nanoparticle NU-0129","code":"C131368","definitions":[{"description":"A spherical nucleic acid (SNA) gold nanoparticle formulation composed of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting the Bcl-2-like protein 12 (BCL2L12) sequence and conjugated to gold nanoparticles, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of SNA NU-0129, the siRNA prevents the translation of the BCL2L12 gene. Inhibiting the expression of BCL2L12 by NU-0129 induces tumor cell apoptosis. Bcl2L12, a protein belonging to the Bcl-2 protein family, is overexpressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and plays a role in tumor cell progression and tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. NU-0129 is able to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NU-0129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNA Gold Nanoparticle NU-0129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNA NU-0129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spherical Nucleic Acid Nanoparticle NU-0129","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Spherical Nucleic Acid Nanoparticle NU-0129","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514431"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786841"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786841"}]}}{"C1232":{"preferredName":"Spirogermanium","code":"C1232","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic organometallic compound containing the element germanium with possible antineoplastic activity. Spirogermanium exhibits significant toxicity, particularly neurotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[3-(Dimethyl-amino)propyl]-8,8-diethyl-2-aza-8-germaspiro[4,5]decane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8,8-Diethyl-N,N-dimethyl-3-aza-8-germaspiro[4,5]decane-2-propanamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S 99 A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S 99 A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SPG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPIROGERMANIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Spiro 32","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Spiro-32","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spirogermanium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spirogermanium Compound","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spirogermanium compound","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"192965"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0075018"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"41992-23-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1F01P3Y61E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39605"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39605"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spirogermanium"}]}}{"C1233":{"preferredName":"Spiromustine","code":"C1233","definitions":[{"description":"A bifunctional nitrogen alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity and lipophilic properties. Containing a lipophilic hydantoin group that serves as a carrier to cross the blood brain barrier, spiromustine forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in DNA, causing depurination, base-pair miscoding, strand scission, and DNA-DNA cross-linking, which may result in cytotoxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,3-diazaspiro(4,5)decane-2,4-dione,3-(2-(bis-chloroethyl)amino)ethyl","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPIROMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Spirohydantoin Mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spirohydantoin mustard","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Spiromustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"172112"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0075019"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"56605-16-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J3HB83X76Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39441"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39441"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spiromustine"}]}}{"C1234":{"preferredName":"Spiroplatin","code":"C1234","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic derivative of cyclohexane sulfatoplatinum with antineoplastic properties. Spiroplatin induces DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. Similar to other platinum compounds, this agent has been shown to be mutagenic and carcinogenic. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cis-1,1-diamino-methylcyclohexane sulfato-platinum","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Platinum, (1,1-cyclohexanedimethanamine-n,n')(sulfato(2-)-O,O')-, (sp-4-2)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPIROPLATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Spiroplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spiroplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TNO-6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"311056"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0075022"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"74790-08-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H2V318W7LE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39763"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39763"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H18N2.O4S.Pt"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spiroplatin"}]}}{"C129546":{"preferredName":"Splicing Inhibitor H3B-8800","code":"C129546","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the splicing factor 3B subunit 1 (SF3B1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, H3B-8800 binds to and blocks the activity of SF3B1, a core spliceosome protein that is mutated in various cancer cells. This modulates RNA splicing by preventing aberrant mRNA splicing by the spliceosome, blocks RNA mis-splicing, enhances proper RNA splicing and prevents the expression of certain tumor-associated genes. This leads to an induction of apoptosis and prevents tumor cell proliferation. In many cancer cells, core spliceosome proteins, including SF3B1, U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein auxiliary factor 1 (U2AF1), serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2) and U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein auxiliary factor subunit-related protein 2 (ZRSR2), are mutated and aberrantly activated leading to a dysregulation of mRNA splicing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3B 8800","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3B-8800","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splicing Factor Inhibitor H3B-8800","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splicing Inhibitor H3B-8800","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Splicing Inhibitor H3B-8800","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splicing Modulator H3B-8800","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512654"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784315"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784315"}]}}{"C2051":{"preferredName":"Spongistatin","code":"C2051","definitions":[{"description":"A highly cytotoxic macrocyclic lactone polyether with antitumor activity. Spongistatin, originally isolated from marine Spongia species, binds to the vinca domain of tubulin, thereby interferes with microtubule assembly and results in inhibition of mitosis. This agent does not affect the binding of colchicine to tubulin, but it was a potent inhibitor of the binding of vinblastine and GTP to tubulin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Altohyrtin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spongistatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spongistatin 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"8232226"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0248118"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"148179-94-6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spongistatin"}]}}{"C1482":{"preferredName":"Squalamine Lactate","code":"C1482","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors. It prevents the growth of new blood vessels into a solid tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The lactate salt form of squalamine, an aminosterol isolated from tissues of the dogfish shark Squalus acanthias. Possessing anti-angiogenic properties, squalamine inhibits the sodium-hydrogen exchanger NHE3, resulting in suppression of endothelial cell proliferation and migration. This agent also has broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3beta-N-1-(N-(3-(4-Aminobutyl))-1,3-diaminopropane)-7alpha,24-dihydroxy-5alpha-cholestane 24-sulfate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSI-1256F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQUALAMINE LACTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Squalamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Squalamine Lactate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Squalamine Lactate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"squalamine lactate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"715056"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0213314"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"320725-47-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4WE915J1KX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43041"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43041"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H65N3O5S.C3H6O3.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Squalamine"}]}}{"C61435":{"preferredName":"SR-BP1/HSI Inhibitor SR31747A","code":"C61435","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic peripheral sigma receptor ligand with immunomodulatory and potential antitumor activities. Although the exact mechanism by which SR31747A exerts its antitumor effects has not been fully established, SR31747A binds to and inhibits the sigma1 receptor (SR31747A-binding protein-1 or SR-BP1), human sterol isomerase (HSI), also known as emopamil-binding protein (EBP), and the sigma2 receptor, which may result in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines while increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines. Upregulated in various cancers, the sigma1 and sigma2 receptors and human sterol isomerase are proteins that are involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SR-BP1/HSI Inhibitor SR31747A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937293"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"471256"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"471256"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SR31747A"}]}}{"C99460":{"preferredName":"SR-T100 Gel","code":"C99460","definitions":[{"description":"A cutaneous gel preparation containing an extract from Solanum incanum with potential antineoplastic activity. SR-T100 gel contains high amounts of the steroidal alkaloid glycoside solamargine. Solamargine is able to upregulate expression of tumor necrosis factor receptors 1 (TNFR1) and 6 (TNFRSF6 or Fas), and their signaling adaptors TNFR1-associated death domain, and Fas-associated death domain. In addition, this agent is able to upregulate expression of apoptosis promoter Bax, and suppress the expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xL and Bcl-2. Altogether, this induces apoptosis in tumor cells and may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SR-T100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR-T100 Gel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433216"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721725"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"721725"}]}}{"C162533":{"preferredName":"Src Kinase Inhibitor AP 23846","code":"C162533","definitions":[{"description":"A novel small molecule Src family kinase inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic activity. Upon administration, Src kinase inhibitor AP23846 selectively binds to and stabilizes an inactive ATP-binding site conformation leading to reduced Src kinase activity. This may reduce the production of pro-angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin (IL)-8. Src tyrosine kinases are upregulated in many tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, migration, invasion and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP 23846","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP-23846","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP23846","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Src Kinase Inhibitor AP 23846","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971115"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"878654-51-4"}]}}{"C74077":{"preferredName":"Tirbanibulin","code":"C74077","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. KX2-391 blocks an enzyme needed for growth of cells and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of Src kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule Src kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Unlike other Src kinase inhibitors which bind to the ATP-binding site, tirbanibulin specifically binds to the peptide substrate binding site of Src kinase; inhibition of kinase activity may result in the inhibition of primary tumor growth and the suppression of metastasis. Src tyrosine kinases are upregulated in many tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Pyridineacetamide, 5-(4-(2-(4-Morpholinyl)ethoxy)phenyl)-n-(phenylmethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KX01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KX2-391","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KX2-391","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TIRBANIBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tirbanibulin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tirbanibulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348411"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"897016-82-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4V9848RS5G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590687"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590687"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Src_Kinase_Inhibitor_KX2-391"}]}}{"C120210":{"preferredName":"Src Kinase Inhibitor KX2-391 Ointment","code":"C120210","definitions":[{"description":"An ointment containing an inhibitor for both Src tyrosine kinase and tubulin polymerization, with potential antineoplastic activity. Unlike other Src kinase inhibitors which bind to the ATP-binding site, Src kinase inhibitor KX2-391 binds to the peptide substrate binding site of Src kinase, upon topical application. This inhibits both downstream signaling and the proliferation of tumor cells overexpressing Src. Src tyrosine kinase, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, motility, invasiveness and survival. KX2-391 also binds to tubulin heterodimers and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which disrupts microtubule formation and mitosis, leading to further inhibition of cell proliferation. In addition, KX2-391 inhibits T-cell migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KX2 391 Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KX2-391 Ointment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Src Kinase Inhibitor KX2-391 Ointment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3897543"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768270"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768270"}]}}{"C162339":{"preferredName":"Src Kinase Inhibitor M475271","code":"C162339","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of Src tyrosine kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Src kinase inhibitor M-475271 targets and binds to Src kinase. This inhibits Src-mediated signaling and the proliferation of tumor cells overexpressing Src. Src tyrosine kinase, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, motility, invasiveness and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Quinazolinamine, N-(2-chloro-5-methoxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-7-((1-methyl-4-piperidinyl)methoxy)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZM 475271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZM-475271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZM475271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 475271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M-475271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M-475271","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"M475271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-Chloro-5-methoxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-7-((1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)methoxy)quinazolin-4-amine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Src Kinase Inhibitor M475271","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970844"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"476159-98-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0361Z8214O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C102976":{"preferredName":"Src/Abl Kinase Inhibitor AZD0424","code":"C102976","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets both Abl and Src kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AZD0424 selectively inhibits both Src and Abl kinase activity which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth in susceptible tumor cells. Src and Abl kinases are upregulated in certain tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD0424","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Src/Abl Kinase Inhibitor AZD0424","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437215"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739328"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739328"}]}}{"C120101":{"preferredName":"Src/tubulin Inhibitor KX02","code":"C120101","definitions":[{"description":"A lipophilic, orally available inhibitor of both Src kinase activity and tubulin polymerization, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, src/tubulin inhibitor KX02 binds to and inhibits the activity of Src kinase. This inhibits both downstream signaling and the proliferation of Src kinase-expressing tumor cells. KX02 also binds to tubulin heterodimers and inhibits microtubule polymerization, thereby disrupting microtubule formation, mitosis, and further proliferation. Src, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KX02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KX2-361","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Src/tubulin Inhibitor KX02","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Src/tubulin Inhibitor KX02","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896828"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767819"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767819"}]}}{"C150401":{"preferredName":"ssRNA-based Immunomodulator CV8102","code":"C150401","definitions":[{"description":"A 547 nucleotide (nt), noncoding, uncapped single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) containing several polyU-repeats complexed with a polymeric carrier formed by disulfide-crosslinked cationic peptides, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon intratumoral injection, the ssRNA in CV8102 activates toll-like receptors (TLRs) and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG I; RIG-I; DDX58). This stimulates a T-helper type 1 cell (Th1) response, the production of a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and activates a systemic cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the tumor cells when simultaneously exposed to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). The cationic carrier peptides protect the ssRNA from RNase degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CV 8102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV-8102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CV8102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RNA-based Adjuvant CV8102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RNAdjuvant","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ssRNA-based Immunomodulator CV8102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552154"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792862"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792862"}]}}{"C131562":{"preferredName":"SSTR2-targeting Protein/DM1 Conjugate PEN-221","code":"C131562","definitions":[{"description":"A miniaturized drug conjugate composed of a peptide analog of somatostatin that targets the somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) and is conjugated, through a cleavable linker, to the microtubule-binding cytotoxic maytansinoid DM1 (mertansine), with potential anti-tumor activity. Upon administration, the peptide ligand moiety of PEN-221 targets and binds to SSTR2, which is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types. Binding stimulates SSTR2-mediated endocytosis of the agent; upon internalization, the DM1 moiety is released and binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. This inhibits both cell division and the proliferation of SSTR2-expressing cancer cells. Compared to antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), miniaturized drug conjugates are much smaller and can more easily penetrate and distribute in dense tumor tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEN 221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEN-221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEN221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSTR2-targeting Protein/DM1 Conjugate PEN-221","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SSTR2-targeting Protein/DM1 Conjugate PEN-221","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSTR2PEN-221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514580"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786270"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786270"}]}}{"C2589":{"preferredName":"St. John's Wort","code":"C2589","definitions":[{"description":"An herbal product sold as an over-the-counter treatment for depression. It is being studied for its ability to lessen certain side effects of cancer treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An herbal extract prepared from the plant Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort) with photodynamic, antineoplastic, and antidepressant activities. Hypericin, one of the active compounds found in Hypericum perforatum, is a photosensitizer that, when exposed to a particular wavelength and intensity of light, may induce tumor cell apoptosis. Another compound, hyperforin, induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in certain tumor cell lines. Hypericum perforatum preparations may also stimulate the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes and P-glycoprotein drug transporters, resulting in increased metabolism and decreased efficacy of various chemotherapeutic agents and other drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypericum Perforatum Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ST. JOHN'S WORT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"St John's Wort","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"St. John's Wort","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"St. John's wort","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hypericum perforatum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0813171"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"84082-80-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UFH8805FKA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37989"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37989"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hypericum_Perforatum"}]}}{"C1517":{"preferredName":"Stallimycin","code":"C1517","definitions":[{"description":"An oligopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces distallicus. Distamycin preferentially binds to adenine-thymine (A-T) rich sequences in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA transcription. In addition to antitumor effects, distamycin also possesses antiviral and antiprotozoal activities and is used as a chromosome dye. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DISTAMYCIN A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Distamycin 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Distamycin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herperetin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STALLIMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Stallimycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"82150"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0244119"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"636-47-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"80O63P88IS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H27N9O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Distamycin"}]}}{"C1083":{"preferredName":"Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A","code":"C1083","definitions":[{"description":"The biotoxin Staphylococcal enterotoxin A.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A bacterial enterotoxin with potential immunostimulatory activity. Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), a gram positive bacterial superantigen (SAg), is a potent stimulator of T-cell activation. SEA superantigen binds directly to class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and to the V beta region of the T-cell receptor (TCR), leading to an amplified T-cell response. In response to SEA, both CD4+ and CD8+ cells proliferate, secrete cytokines, and demonstrate enhanced cytotoxic activity against a broad range of antigens. Vaccination with the SEA protein, administered by direct transfection into tumor cells, may elicit a non-specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response and result in decreased tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SEA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059385"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"37337-57-8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42927"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42927"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Staphylococcal_Enterotoxin_A"}]}}{"C1084":{"preferredName":"Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B","code":"C1084","definitions":[{"description":"The biotoxin Staphylococcal enterotoxin B.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A bacterial enterotoxin with potential immunostimulatory activity. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), a gram positive superantigen produced by Staphylococcus aureus, is a potent stimulator of T-cell activation. SEB binds directly to class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and the V beta region of the T-cell receptor (TCR), leading to an amplified T-cell response. In response to SEB, both CD4+ and CD8+ cells proliferate, secrete cytokines and demonstrate enhanced cytotoxic activity against a broad range of antigens. Co-administration of SEB with interleukin-2 (IL-2) by direct injection into tumor cells, may induce clonal T-cell expansion and potentiate apoptosis of tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SEB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0059386"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"39424-53-8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37929"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37929"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Staphylococcal_Enterotoxin_B"}]}}{"C116873":{"preferredName":"STAT Inhibitor OPB-111077","code":"C116873","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of one or more signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein(s), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, OPB-111077 binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of STATs. This prevents binding of STATs to DNA sequences on a variety of STAT-responsive gene promoters, which may result in the inhibition of both STAT-mediated transcription and tumor cell proliferation. STATs are constitutively activated in a variety of cancers and play a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OPB-111077","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT Inhibitor OPB-111077","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STAT Inhibitor OPB-111077","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446660"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742040"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742040"}]}}{"C151994":{"preferredName":"STAT3 Inhibitor DSP-0337","code":"C151994","definitions":[{"description":"An orally administered prodrug of napabucasin, a small molecule cancer stemness inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DSP-0337 is converted to its active form, napabucasin. Napabucasin targets and inhibits signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), thereby preventing STAT-3-mediated signaling. The STAT3 pathway is overly active in many cancer types and is implicated in cancer stem cell-mediated growth, recurrence and resistance to conventional chemotherapies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Stemness Inhibitor DSP-0337","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DSP 0337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DSP-0337","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Napabucasin Prodrug DSP-0337","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor DSP-0337","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor DSP-0337","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553215"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793774"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793774"}]}}{"C90588":{"preferredName":"STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-31121","code":"C90588","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), with potential antineoplastic activity. OPB-31121 inhibits the phosphorylation of STAT3, which prevents binding of STAT3 to DNA sequences on a variety of STAT3-responsive promoters and may result in the inhibition of STAT3-mediated transcription and, potentially, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. STAT3 is constitutively activated in a variety of cancers, contributing to the loss of cell growth control and neoplastic transformation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OPB-31121","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-31121","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-31121","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL376190"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570187"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570187"}]}}{"C95889":{"preferredName":"STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-51602","code":"C95889","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), with potential antineoplastic activity. STAT3 inhibitor OPB-51602 inhibits the phosphorylation and thus the activation of STAT3 protein, impeding STAT3 protein from translocating from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and thereby blocking STAT3's regulation of gene expression through direct binding to the promoters of responsive genes. STAT3 regulates the cellular functions that lead to the cancer phenotype, and constitutive activation of STAT3 is observed in a wide range of human cancers, inducing uncontrolled proliferation and neoplastic transformation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OPB-51602","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-51602","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-51602","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428286"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684303"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684303"}]}}{"C151932":{"preferredName":"STAT3 Inhibitor C-188-9","code":"C151932","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, binaphthol-sulfonamide-based inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the STAT3 inhibitor C-188-9 specifically targets and binds to the phosphotyrosyl peptide binding site within the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of STAT3. This inhibits the Janus kinase (JAK)-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of STAT3. This impedes nuclear translocation of STAT3, prevents STAT3 binding to responsive gene promoters and blocks STAT3-mediated regulation of gene expression. STAT3 regulates the transcription of genes involved in several cellular functions. STAT3 is constitutively activated in a variety of human cancers and plays a key role in neoplastic transformation, uncontrolled tumor cell proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, metastasis, immune evasion, tumor angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the Warburg effect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C-188-9","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"C188-9","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor C-188-9","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor C-188-9","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor TTI-101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor XIII","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553271"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"432001-19-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KZ3DLD11RQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793126"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793126"}]}}{"C111042":{"preferredName":"STAT3 Inhibitor WP1066","code":"C111042","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of signaling transducer and activator 3 (STAT3), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon administration, STAT3 inhibitor WP1066 blocks the intranuclear translocation of p-STAT, thereby suppressing STAT3 signaling and decreasing the levels of downstream products including c-Myc. Additionally, WP1066 may upregulate costimulatory molecules including CD80 and CD86 on human microglia, and reverse glioma cancer stem cell (gCSC)-mediated innate and adaptive immune suppression allowing for the restoration of antitumor effector immune responses. The STAT3 pathway is overly active in many cancer types and is implicated in CSC-mediated growth, recurrence and resistance to conventional chemotherapies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S,E)-3-(6-Bromopyridin-2-yl)-2-cyano-N-(1-phenylethyl)acrylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor WP1066","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STAT3 Inhibitor WP1066","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WP 1066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WP 1066","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"WP-1066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WP1066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1957161"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"857064-38-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"63V8AIE65T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751888"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751888"}]}}{"C1237":{"preferredName":"Staurosporine","code":"C1237","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkaloids. It is being studied in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cell permeable alkaloid isolated from Streptomyces staurosporeus exhibiting anti-cancer activity. Staurosporine is a potent, non-selective inhibitor of protein kinases, including protein kinase C. This agent induces apoptosis by an undetermined mechanism. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(9alpha,10beta,11beta,13alpha)-(+)-2,3,10,11,12,13-Hexahydro-10-methoxy-9-methyl-11-(methylamino)-9,13-epoxy-1H-9H-diindolo[1,2,3-gh:3',2',1'-lm]pyrrolo[3,4-j][1,7]benzodiazonin-1-one","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"(9alpha,10beta,11beta,13alpha)-(+)-2,3,10,11,12,13-Hexahydro-10-methoxy-9-methyl-11-(methylamino)-9,13-epoxy-1H-9H-diindolo[1,2,3-gh:3',2',1'-lm]pyrrolo[3,4-j][1,7]benzodiazonin-1-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8,12-Epoxy-1H,8H-2,7b,12a-triazadibenzo(a,g)cyclonona(cde)trinden-1-one, 2,3,9,10,11,12-hexahydro-9-methoxy-8-methyl-10-(methylamino)-, (8alpha,9beta,10beta,12alpha)-(+)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AM-2282","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibiotic 230","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibiotic AM 2282","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP-39360","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STAUROSPORINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Staurosporine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Staurosporine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"staurosporine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"618487"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0075193"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"62996-74-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H88EPA0A3N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C28H26N4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Staurosporine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15738"}]}}{"C132258":{"preferredName":"STING Agonist MK-1454","code":"C132258","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) and agonist of stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral (IT) administration, STING agonist MK-1454 binds to STING and activates the STING pathway, which promotes IKK-related kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) signaling and activates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment; this leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs). Specifically, expression of IFN-beta (IFNb) enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens by CD8alpha-positive and CD103-positive dendritic cells (DCs) to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in a CTL-mediated immune response against tumor cells and causes tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MK 1454","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-1454","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STING Agonist MK-1454","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STING Agonist MK-1454","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520450"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787239"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787239"}]}}{"C125902":{"preferredName":"STING-activating Cyclic Dinucleotide Agonist MIW815","code":"C125902","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) and agonist of stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, the STING agonist MIW815 binds to STING and stimulates STING-mediated pathways. This activates the immune response through the activation of certain immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), which induces the expression of cytokines and chemokines, and leads to an antigen-specific T-cell mediated immune response against cancer cells. STING, a transmembrane protein that activates immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, plays a key role in the activation of the innate immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADU-S100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADU-S100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"CDN Agonist ADU-S100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIW815","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STING-activating Cyclic Dinucleotide Agonist MIW815","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504551"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FMW9ZVF53N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778826"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"778826"}]}}{"C844":{"preferredName":"Streptonigrin","code":"C844","definitions":[{"description":"An aminoquinone antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces flocculus. Streptonigrin complexes with DNA and topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA cleavage and inhibition of DNA replication and RNA synthesis. This agent also acts as a reverse transcriptase inhibitor and causes free radical-mediated cellular damage. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Amino-6-(7-amino-5,8-dihydro-6-methoxy-5,8-dioxo-2-quinolyl)-4-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2-pyridinecarboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Amino-6-(70-amino-5,8-dihydro-6-methoxy-5,8-dioxo-2-quinolyl)-4-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-methylpicolinic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BA-163","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bruneomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bruneomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PC-501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rufocromomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Rufocromomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STREPTONIGRIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"STREPTONIGRIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Streptonigrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Streptonigrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"83950"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"45383"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038427"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3930-19-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"261Q3JB310"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39703"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39703"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C25H22N4O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Streptonigrin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9287"}]}}{"C845":{"preferredName":"Streptozocin","code":"C845","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A methylnitrosourea antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces achromogenes. Streptozocin alkylates DNA, forming inter-strand DNA cross-links and inhibiting DNA synthesis. Due to its glucose moiety, this agent is readily taken up by pancreatic beta cells, inducing diabetes mellitus at high concentrations. Unlike other nitrosoureas, streptozocin causes little myelosuppression. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Deoxy-2-(3-methyl-3-nitrosoureido)-D-glucopyranose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2-deoxy-2-(3-methyl-3-nitrosoureido)-D-glucopyranose","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-deoxy-2-[[(methylnitrosamino)-carbonyl]amino]-D-glucopyranose","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STREPTOZOCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"STZ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Streptozocin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Streptozotocin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Streptozotocin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U 9889","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"U-9889","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U-9889","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Zanosar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zanosar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"streptozocin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"85998"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038432"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"18883-66-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Carcinoid tumor and syndrome; Colorectal cancer, palliative; Hodgkin's disease; Metastatic islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5W494URQ81"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42831"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H15N3O7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Streptozocin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9288"}]}}{"C1238":{"preferredName":"Strontium Chloride Sr-89","code":"C1238","definitions":[{"description":"A salt form of the radioactive metal strontium-89 that is absorbed by a part of growing bone. It is being studied in the treatment of bone pain caused by cancer that has spread to the bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The chloride salt of a radioactive isotope of strontium. Strontium chloride Sr 89 is taken up and incorporated preferentially in metastatic lesions in bone where it emits cytotoxic beta radiation, resulting in an inhibition and/or reduction of tumor growth and so tumor-related bone pain. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metastron","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STRONTIUM CHLORIDE SR-89","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Strontium Chloride Sr-89","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Strontium Chloride Sr-89","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"strontium chloride Sr 89","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"721349"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0919292"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"38270-90-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Palliation of pain in bone metastases"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5R78837D4A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41810"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41810"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2Cl.Sr"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Strontium_Chloride_Sr_89"}]}}{"C162773":{"preferredName":"Submicron Particle Paclitaxel Sterile Suspension","code":"C162773","definitions":[{"description":"A suspension composed of uncoated, stable, submicron particles of the water-insoluble taxane paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intra-tumoral administration of the submicron particle paclitaxel sterile suspension, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, which leads to the inhibition of cell division, thereby halting the proliferation of rapidly-dividing tumor cells. The submicron particle paclitaxel is produced through a specific proprietary method of submicron particle production without the need for coating agents or carriers and allows for prolonged retention and sustained release at the tumor site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NanoPac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sterile Nanoparticle-based Paclitaxel Suspension","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sterile Nanoparticulate Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Submicron Particle Paclitaxel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Submicron Particle Paclitaxel Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Submicron Particle Paclitaxel Sterile Suspension","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Submicron Particle Paclitaxel Sterile Suspension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973205"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799071"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799071"}]}}{"C116066":{"preferredName":"Sulfatinib","code":"C116066","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) 1, 2, and 3, and the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 1 (FGFR1), with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon oral administration, sulfatinib binds to and inhibits VEGFRs and FGFR1 thereby inhibiting VEGFR- and FGFR1-mediated signal transduction pathways. This leads to a reduction of angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation in VEGFR/FGFR1-overexpressing tumor cells. Expression of VEGFRs and FGFR1 may be upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HMPL-012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SURUFATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sulfatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sulfatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surufatinib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473485"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1308672-74-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B2K5L1L8S9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760894"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"760894"}]}}{"C1424":{"preferredName":"Sulforaphane","code":"C1424","definitions":[{"description":"An isothiocyanate with a methylsulphinyl butane chain. The chemical structure is CS(=O)CCCCN=C=S.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A naturally-occurring phytochemical belonging to the class of isothiocyanates. As the aglycone metabolite of glucosinolate glucoraphanin (sulforaphane glucosinolate), sulforaphane acts as an antioxidant and potent stimulator of endogenous detoxifying enzymes. This agent displays anticarcinogenic properties due to its ability to induce phase II detoxification enzymes, such as glutathione S-transferase and quinone reductase, thereby providing protection against certain carcinogens and toxic, reactive oxygen species. Broccoli sprouts contain large amounts of sulforaphane, which is also found in other cruciferous vegetables including cabbage and kale. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+/-)-Sulforaphane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Isothiocyanato-4-(methylsulfinyl)butane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-isothiocyanato-4-methylsulfinyl-butane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"SULFORAPHANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sulfaforaphane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulforafan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulforaphane","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sulforaphane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Sulforaphane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sulforaphane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulphoraphane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0163159"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"4478-93-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GA49J4310U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691987"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691987"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H11NOS2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sulforaphane"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:47807"}]}}{"C850":{"preferredName":"Sulindac","code":"C850","definitions":[{"description":"A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is being studied as a treatment for cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Converted in vivo to an active metabolite, sulindac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), blocks cyclic guanosine monophosphate-phosphodiesterase (cGMP-PDE), an enzyme that inhibits the normal apoptosis signal pathway; this inhibition permits the apoptotic signal pathway to proceed unopposed, resulting in apoptotic cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(Z)-5-fluoro-2-methyl-1-[[4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]methylene]-1H-indene-3-acetic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aflodac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Algocetil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apo-Sulin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arthrocine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Artribid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citireuma","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clinoril","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clisundac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imbaral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-231","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Novo-Sundac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reumofil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reumyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SULINDAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sudac","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulindac","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sulindac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sulindac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulindac Sulfoxide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulinol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulreuma","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-5-fluoro-2-methyl-1-[p-(methylsulfinyl)benzylidene]indene-3-acetic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sulindac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038792"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"38194-50-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Arthritis; inflammatory conditions"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"184SNS8VUH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41538"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41538"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H17FO3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sulindac"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9352"}]}}{"C1432":{"preferredName":"Sulofenur","code":"C1432","definitions":[{"description":"A diarylsulfonylurea with potential antineoplastic activity. Sulofenur's antineoplastic mechanism of action is unknown. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LY186641","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SULOFENUR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sulofenur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulofenur","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"656667"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0165187"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"110311-27-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z45N070N3S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41122"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41122"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H15ClN2O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sulofenur"}]}}{"C156270":{"preferredName":"Subasumstat","code":"C156270","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of sumoylation, with potential immune-activating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, subasumstat targets and covalently binds to the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO; small ubiquitin-related modifier) protein, forming an adduct with SUMO protein (subasumstat-SUMO adduct). This prevents the transfer of SUMO from the SUMO-activating enzyme (SAE) to SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9. This prevents SUMO conjugation to lysine residues on target proteins and abrogates many sumoylated protein-mediated cellular processes that play key roles in tumor cells, including proliferation, DNA repair, metastasis and survival. In addition, by preventing sumoylation, subasumstat is able to increase the production of type 1 interferon (IFN), thereby increasing type 1 IFN-mediated signaling, activating innate effector cells and enhancing the antitumor innate immune responses. This may further increase tumor cell killing. Sumoylation, a post-translational modification that attaches the SUMO protein to target proteins, plays a key role in regulating their activity, function, subcellular localization and stability. Sumoylation also plays a key role in inhibiting innate immune responses, specifically by inhibiting the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) pathway and preventing type 1 IFN expression. Abnormal sumoylation of target proteins is associated with many cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SUBASUMSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Subasumstat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Subasumstat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK 981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK981","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562995"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XQ43H3V6M1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795544"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795544"}]}}{"C71622":{"preferredName":"Sunitinib","code":"C71622","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) that have not responded to treatment with imatinib mesylate (Gleevec). Sunitinib is also used to treat advanced kidney cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor, a type of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor inhibitor, and a type of angiogenesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An indolinone derivative and tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Sunitinib blocks the tyrosine kinase activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor b (PDGFRb), and c-kit, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), another receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by some leukemic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Pyrrole-3-carboxamide, N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-5-((Z)-(5-fluoro-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl)-2,4-dimethyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SUNITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sunitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sunitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sunitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1176020"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"557795-19-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V99T50803M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H27FN4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sunitinib"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38940"}]}}{"C26673":{"preferredName":"Sunitinib Malate","code":"C26673","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) that have not responded to treatment with imatinib mesylate (Gleevec). SU011248 is also used to treat advanced kidney cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor, a type of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor inhibitor, and a type of angiogenesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The orally bioavailable malate salt of an indolinone-based tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Sunitinib blocks the tyrosine kinase activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor b (PDGFRb), and c-kit, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), another receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by some leukemic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Butanedioic acid, hydroxy-, (2S)-, compd. with N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-5-((Z)-(5-fluoro-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl)-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SU011248","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SU011248","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SU11248","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SU11248","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SUNITINIB MALATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sunitinib Malate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sunitinib Malate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sunitinib Malate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sutent","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sutent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sunitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sunitinib malate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"736511"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1700685"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"341031-54-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor; Advanced Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LVX8N1UT73"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299061"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"299061"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H27FN4O2.C4H6O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SU11248"}]}}{"C158082":{"preferredName":"Super Enhancer Inhibitor GZ17-6.02","code":"C158082","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic formulation of the Arum palaestinum plant that has been fortified with the already naturally occurring constituents of isovanillin, linolenic acid, and beta-sitosterol, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, GZ17-6.02 may induce apoptosis through caspase-3 activation and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, inhibit tumor cell progression by attenuating macrophage infiltration, and inhibit the phosphorylation of several mediators of tumor cell proliferation including Src kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B), signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT-2), and serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk2 (Chk-2). GZ17-6.02 may also inhibit certain super enhancers (SEs) that play an important role in the regulation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway and cancer stem cell activity. Super enhancers (SEs) are unique areas of the genome that are densely bound by numerous transcription factors and play a pivotal role in the cell, including tissue specification, identity and maintenance. SEs are known to regulate the expression of associated genes and often drive high-level transcription.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GZ17 6.02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GZ17-6.02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GZ176.02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Super Enhancer Inhibitor GZ17-6.02","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic Arum palaestinum derivative GZ17-6.02","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937695"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797048"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797048"}]}}{"C107503":{"preferredName":"Nogapendekin Alfa","code":"C107503","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein complex composed of a mutated form of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 (IL-15N72D) and a soluble, dimeric IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra) Fc fusion protein (IL-15Ra-Fc) (IL-15N72D/IL-15Ra-Fc), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, superagonist interleukin-15:interleukin-15 receptor alphaSu/Fc fusion complex N-803 binds to the IL-2/IL-15 receptor beta-common gamma chain (IL-2Rbetagamma) receptor on natural killer (NK) and CD8+ T lymphocytes, which activates and increases the levels of NK cells and memory CD8+(CD44high) T-cells. The memory T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. This may increase tumor cell killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. IL-15 regulates CD8+ T and NK cell development, activation and proliferation. By coupling IL-15 to IL15Ra-Fc, this agent has a prolonged drug half-life and shows an increased ability to bind IL-2Rbetagamma, which enhances its immune stimulatory activity as compared to IL-15 alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALT 803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALT-803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALT803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fusion Protein Consisting of IL-15N72D and IL-15RaSu/FC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-15N72D/IL-15Ra-Fc","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-15N72D:IL-15RaSu/Fc Fusion Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N 803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N803","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOGAPENDEKIN ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Nogapendekin Alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nogapendekin Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superagonist Interleukin-15:Interleukin-15 Receptor AlphaSu/Fc Fusion Complex Alt-803","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3658787"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1850381-92-8 (ALT-803)"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1622189-43-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7TK323DLA0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751380"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751380"}]}}{"C853":{"preferredName":"Suramin","code":"C853","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat infections caused by parasites. It is also being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called antiprotozoals and anthelmintics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A polysulphonated naphthylurea with potential antineoplastic activity. Suramin blocks the binding of various growth factors, including insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), epidermal growth factor (EGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), to their receptors, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and migration. This agent also inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)- and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced angiogenesis; retroviral reverse transcriptase; uncoupling of G-proteins from receptors; topoisomerases; cellular folate transport; and steroidogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SURAMIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Suramin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Suramin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"suramin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038880"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"145-63-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Trypanosomiasis; hormone-refractory prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6032D45BEM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40052"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40052"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C51H40N6O23S6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Suramin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:45906"}]}}{"C1848":{"preferredName":"Suramin Sodium","code":"C1848","definitions":[{"description":"A sodium salt form of suramin, a polysulphonated naphthylurea with potential antineoplastic activity. Suramin blocks the binding of various growth factors, including insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), epidermal growth factor (EGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), to their receptors, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and migration. This agent also inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)- and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced angiogenesis; retroviral reverse transcriptase; uncoupling of G-proteins from receptors; topoisomerases; cellular folate transport; and steroidogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"309 F","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"309 F","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"8,8'-(Carbonylbis(imino-3,1-phenylenecarbonylimino(4-methyl-3,1-phenylene)carbonylimino))bis-1,3,5-naphthalenetrisulfonic Acid Hexasodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antrypol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antrypol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bayer 205","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bayer 205","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Belganyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fourneau 309","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fourneau 309","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Germanin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Germanin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Metaret","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moranyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moranyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Naganin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Naganin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Naganinum","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Naganol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Naganol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Naphuride","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SURAMIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sodium Suramin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium suramin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Suramin Hexasodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Suramin Hexasodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Suramin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Suramin sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"34936"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0813205"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"129-46-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"African trypanosomiasis; onchocerciasis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"89521262IH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40052"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40052"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C51H34N6O23S6.6Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Suramin_Sodium"}]}}{"C37449":{"preferredName":"Survivin Antigen","code":"C37449","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor-associated antigen. Vaccination with survivin antigen may result in a cytotoxic T-cell response against survivin antigen-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. Overexpressed in many tumors, endogenous survivin inhibits tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Survivin Antigen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Survivin Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515097"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346072"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346072"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Survivin_Antigen"}]}}{"C97951":{"preferredName":"Survivin Antigen Vaccine DPX-Survivac","code":"C97951","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid depot-based therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of survivin epitopes, a universal T Helper peptide and a polynucleotide adjuvant encapsulated in liposomes and then formulated in the hydrophobic carrier Montanide ISA51 VG, with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon injection of the survivin antigen vaccine DPX-Survivac, a depot is created at the injection site from which the antigens and adjuvant are released. This vaccine may elicit a long lasting cellular response against survivin-expressing cancers, resulting in a decrease in tumor cell proliferation and an induction of tumor cell death. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family expressed during embryonic development, is upregulated in a variety of human cancers while absent in most normal adult cells; its expression in tumors is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, decreased survival, and increased resistance to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DPX-Survivac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Survivin Antigen Vaccine DPX-Survivac","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Survivin Antigen Vaccine DPX-Survivac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL430558"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709395"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709395"}]}}{"C92578":{"preferredName":"Survivin mRNA Antagonist EZN-3042","code":"C92578","definitions":[{"description":"A locked nucleic acid (LNA) antisense oligonucleotide targeting survivin mRNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. EZN-3042 hybridizes to survivin mRNA, thereby blocking translation of survivin protein and inhibiting survivin-induced anti-apoptotic activity and promoting tumor cell apoptosis in survivin-overexpressing tumor cells. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family expressed during embryonic development, is upregulated in a variety of human cancers while absent in most normal adult cells; its expression in tumors is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, decreased survival, and increased resistance to chemotherapy. LNAs contain a methylene bridge linking 2'-oxygen and 4'-carbon of ribose sugar rings, thereby increasing their stability and decreasing degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EZN-3042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LNA-RNA Antagonist EZN-3042","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Survivin mRNA Antagonist EZN-3042","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Survivin mRNA Antagonist EZN-3042","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2973480"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684391"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"684391"}]}}{"C158607":{"preferredName":"Survivin-expressing CVD908ssb-TXSVN Vaccine","code":"C158607","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable Salmonella-based survivin vaccine composed of a weakened form of a live strain of Salmonella bacteria (CVD908ssb strain) that has been genetically modified to produce the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) survivin, with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the CVD908ssb-TXSVN vaccine, the expressed survivin stimulates the immune response to elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against survivin-expressing cancer cells, resulting in a decrease in tumor cell proliferation and an induction of tumor cell death. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family expressed during embryonic development, is upregulated in a variety of human cancers while absent in most normal adult cells; its expression in tumors is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, decreased survival, and increased resistance to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CVD908ssb-TXSVN","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salmonella-based Survivin Vaccine CVD908ssb-TXSVN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Survivin-expressing CVD908ssb-TXSVN Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TXSVN","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938073"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797123"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797123"}]}}{"C116884":{"preferredName":"Sustained-release Lipid Inhaled Cisplatin","code":"C116884","definitions":[{"description":"A sustained-release formulation for inhalation in which the inorganic platinum (Pt) agent cisplatin is encapsulated in lipids, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon inhalation of the sustained-release lipid inhalation targeting (SLIT) cisplatin into the lungs, this agent forms highly reactive, positively charged, Pt complexes, which covalently bind to nucleophilic groups in DNA, preferably at the N7 position of guanine bases. Pt complex binding introduces intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, and DNA-Pt-protein cross-links. These cross-links result in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition of lung cancer cells. Encasement in liposomes prolongs cisplatin's efficacy when compared to intravenously administered cisplatin; inhalation of cisplatin improves its concentration at tumor sites in the lungs while minimizing its systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SLIT Cisplatin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR Inhaled Lipid Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Lipid Inhalation Targeting Cisplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Lipid Inhaled Cisplatin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Lipid Inhaled Cisplatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541510"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"420851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"420851"}]}}{"C126642":{"preferredName":"Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation UGN-101","code":"C126642","definitions":[{"description":"A sustained-release (SR) hydrogel polymer-based formulation containing the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C (MMC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon local administration of the SR MMC hydrogel formulation to the upper urinary tract via a ureteral catheter, the gel solidifies and deposits MMC locally to prevent the excretion of this chemotherapeutic agent via urinary flow. In turn, MMC alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Due to its reverse thermal-gelation properties, this gel is able to stay in a liquid state at cold temperatures and solidifies at body temperature. This allows for increased accumulation of MMC locally in the upper urinary tract which leads to increased efficacy compared to standard intravesical delivery of MMC for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MP77-08","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitogel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTGel with MMC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTGel with Mitomycin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR Mitomycin C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Mitomycin C Gel Formulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation UGN-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UGN-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503759"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779705"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779705"}]}}{"C158422":{"preferredName":"Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation UGN-102","code":"C158422","definitions":[{"description":"A sustained-release (SR) reverse thermal (RT) hydrogel formulation containing the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C (MMC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical instillation of the SR MMC hydrogel formulation UGN-102, the liquid converts into gel form and conforms to the bladder wall, allowing MMC to be deposited locally in the bladder to prevent the excretion of this chemotherapeutic agent via urinary flow. In turn, MMC alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis resulting in inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Due to its reverse thermal-gelation properties, this gel is able to stay in a liquid state at cold temperatures, at 4 degrees Celsius, and transition to a water-soluble gel at body temperature. This allows for increased accumulation of MMC locally in the upper urinary tract which leads to increased efficacy compared to standard intravesical delivery of MMC for bladder cancer. Compared to UGN-101, in UGN-102 the strength of MMC is lower.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intravesical Mitomycin Gel UGN-102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MMC + UG-1 Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitomycin Urothelial Gel UGN-102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTGel with Mitomycin C UGN-102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation UGN-102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation UGN-102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UGN 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UGN-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UGN102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vesigel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937895"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797493"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797493"}]}}{"C123912":{"preferredName":"Syk Inhibitor HMPL-523","code":"C123912","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of Syk inhibitor HMPL-523, this agent binds to and inhibits the activity of Syk. This inhibits B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, which leads to the inhibition of B-cell activation, and prevents tumor cell activation, migration, adhesion and proliferation. Syk, a non-receptor cytoplasmic, BCR-associated tyrosine kinase, is expressed in hematopoietic tissues and is often overexpressed in hematopoietic malignancies; it plays a key role in B-cell receptor signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HMPL-523","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor HMPL-523","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syk Inhibitor HMPL-523","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498276"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775837"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775837"}]}}{"C2650":{"preferredName":"Synchrotope TA2M Plasmid DNA Vaccine","code":"C2650","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant plasmid DNA vaccine encoding epitopes of tyrosinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Synchrotope TA2M vaccine contains a plasmid encoding 2 epitopes, amino acid sequences 207-216 and 1-17 of tyrosinase, a protein frequently expressed by melanoma cells. Vaccination with the TA2M plasmid DNA vaccine may induce the production of anti-tyrosinase antibodies as well as elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tyrosinase-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Synchrotope TA2M Plasmid DNA Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134471"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38415"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38415"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Synchrotope_TA2M_Plasmid_DNA_Vaccine"}]}}{"C28549":{"preferredName":"Synchrovax SEM Plasmid DNA Vaccine","code":"C28549","definitions":[{"description":"A bivalent DNA vaccine encoding epitopes for both Melan-A (MART-1) and tyrosinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Synchrovax SEM plasmid DNA vaccine contains a plasmid pSEM that encodes 4 epitopes: Melan-A (26-35), Melan-A (31-96), tyrosinase (1-9), and tyrosinase (369-377). Both Melan-A and tyrosinase are tumor antigens associated with melanoma. Vaccination with this plasmid DNA vaccine may induce both humoral and cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) responses against cells expressing either or both of these antigens, resulting in decreased tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Synchrotope MA2M Plasmid DNA Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synchrovax SEM Plasmid DNA Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134580"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38555"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38555"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Synchrovax_SEM_Plasmid_DNA_Vaccine"}]}}{"C62763":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Alkaloid PM00104","code":"C62763","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic alkaloid compound, related to natural alkaloid compounds, found in molluscs (jorumycin) and sponges (renieramycins), with potential antineoplastic activity. PM00104 reversibly binds to DNA, thereby inducing cytotoxicity due to its interference with DNA replication, transcription, and translation processes. DNA binding by this agent does not trigger DNA damage checkpoint responses, hence PM00104 demonstrates a manageable and reversible cytotoxicity as part of its antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PM-00104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PM00104","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synthetic Alkaloid PM00104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zalypsis","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"19584237"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1568937"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C21EZR41AY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"502184"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"502184"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PM00104"}]}}{"C116332":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Glioblastoma Mutated Tumor-specific Peptides Vaccine Therapy APVAC2","code":"C116332","definitions":[{"description":"A personalized peptide-based cancer vaccine comprised of one or two de novo synthesized patient-specific tumor-mutated peptides associated with glioblastoma (GB), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with synthetic GB mutated tumor-specific peptides vaccine therapy APVAC2 stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the selected mutated tumor-associated peptides, which results in decreased GB growth. These peptides are specifically selected and synthesized based on the expression of the patient's own mutated tumor-associated antigens, which were detected during individual tumor genome sequencing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APVAC2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic Glioblastoma Mutated Tumor-specific Peptides Vaccine Therapy APVAC2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473666"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761688"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761688"}]}}{"C116331":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Glioblastoma Tumor-associated Peptides Vaccine Therapy APVAC1","code":"C116331","definitions":[{"description":"A personalized peptide-based cancer vaccine comprised of five to ten peptides associated with glioblastoma (GB), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with synthetic GB tumor-associated peptides vaccine therapy APVAC1 stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the tumor associated peptides, and results in decreased GB growth. The peptides are derived from a glioma actively personalized vaccine consortium (GAPVAC) warehouse and are specifically selected based on the patient's expression of tumor-associated antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APVAC1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic Glioblastoma Tumor-associated Peptides Vaccine Therapy APVAC1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473665"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761678"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"761678"}]}}{"C120118":{"preferredName":"Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1400","code":"C120118","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA vaccine consisting of a plasmid encoding the full-length sequence of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), which is the catalytic subunit of human telomerase and synthesizes telomeric DNA at the chromosome ends, containing two immunogenic mutations, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal vaccination of the hTERT encoding DNA vaccine INO-1400 in combination with electroporation, hTERT protein is expressed and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. Telomerase prolongs the functional lifespan of cells via the restoration and maintenance of telomere length. Abnormally activated in tumorigenesis, telomerase is expressed in the majority of human cancer cells, but its expression is low or non-existent in normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INO-1400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1400","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1400","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896835"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768008"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768008"}]}}{"C142139":{"preferredName":"Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1401","code":"C142139","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA vaccine consisting of a plasmid encoding a synthetic, full-length sequence of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), which was derived from the consensus sequence from humans and primates and contains two immunogenic mutations (SynCon TERT), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of INO-1401 in combination with electroporation, TERT protein is expressed and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. TERT is the catalytic subunit of telomerase and synthesizes telomeric DNA at the chromosome ends. Telomerase prolongs the functional lifespan of cells via the restoration and maintenance of telomere length. Abnormally activated in tumorigenesis, TERT is expressed by many types of human cancer cells, but its expression is low or non-existent in normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INO-1401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SynCon TERT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1401","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540179"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791450"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791450"}]}}{"C122400":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Hypericin","code":"C122400","definitions":[{"description":"A topical ointment formulation containing a synthetic form of hypericin, an anthraquinone derivative that is naturally found in the yellow flower of Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort), with potential antineoplastic and photosensitizing activities. Upon topical administration of the ointment to the tumor site, hypericin becomes activated through the application of visible fluorescent light. During photoactivation, hypericin generates singlet oxygen, which induces DNA damage, necrosis and apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth. The use of visible light for activation avoids the risk of developing secondary malignancies, which are frequently associated with other photodynamic therapies that are dependent on ultraviolet A exposure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Synthetic Hypericin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synthetic Hypericin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topical SGX301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053962"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772561"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772561"}]}}{"C129652":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Long E6 Peptide-Toll-like Receptor Ligand Conjugate Vaccine ISA201","code":"C129652","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic peptide vaccine consisting of two highly immunogenic synthetic long peptides (SLPs), which are 25-35 amino acids in size, derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 oncoprotein E6, and conjugated to a proprietary toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) ligand (TLR2-L) immunoadjuvant, with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, the TLR2-L moiety of the synthetic long E6 peptides TLR ligand conjugate vaccine targets and binds to TLRs expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), particularly dendritic cells (DCs). This increases the direct targeting of, binding to, uptake by, and processing of the SLPs into small pieces by the DCs. The processed viral epitopes are presented by DCs, which activate and stimulate the host immune system to mount specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and helper T (Th) cell responses against HPV E6-expressing tumor cells. This results in the destruction of tumor cells and leads to decreased growth of HPV E6-expressing tumor cells. The E6 oncoprotein is implicated in tumorigenesis in a variety of cancers. The TLR2-L improves antigen processing and presentation by, and activation of APCs, thereby improving the immunostimulatory effect of the vaccine. The two peptides cover the most immunodominant regions of the HPV16 E6 oncogenic protein and contain both Th and CTL epitopes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV E Six Peptide Conjugated to Amplivant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV16 peptides AMPLIVANT Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hespecta","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISA201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV E6 Peptides-Amplivant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV16 E6 Peptide Conjugated to Amplivant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLP HPV16 E6/Amplivant Vaccine ISA201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLP-Amplivant ISA201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic Long E6 Peptide-Toll-like Receptor Ligand Conjugate Vaccine ISA201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512627"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784216"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784216"}]}}{"C111037":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Long E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine HPV-01","code":"C111037","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic peptide vaccine consisting of thirteen synthetic long peptides (SLPs), which are 25-35 amino acids in size, derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 oncoproteins E6 and E7, with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, synthetic long E6/E7 peptides vaccine HPV-01 is taken up and degraded into small pieces by dendritic cells. The processed viral epitopes are presented by dendritic cells, which may stimulate the host immune system to mount both cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte (CTL) and helper T cell responses against HPV E6/E7-expressing tumor cells. This results in the destruction of tumor cells and leads to decreased tumor growth. The E6 and E7 oncoproteins are implicated in the tumorigenesis in a variety of cancers. The SLPs allow for optimal presentation by antigen-presenting cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISA101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLP-HPV-01","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic Long E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine HPV-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synthetic Long E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine HPV-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL453544"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751803"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751803"}]}}{"C150809":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Long HPV16 E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine ISA101b","code":"C150809","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic peptide vaccine consisting of nine overlapping synthetic long peptides (SLPs), 25 to 32 amino acids in size, derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (HPV16) oncoprotein E6 and three SLPs, each 35 amino acids in size, derived from HPV16 E7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the synthetic long HPV16 E6/E7 peptides vaccine ISA101b is taken up and the long peptides are proteolytically degraded to form shorter peptide epitopes by dendritic cells (DCs). The processed viral epitopes are presented by DCs, which stimulate the host immune system to mount helper T-cell and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses against HPV16 E6/E7-expressing tumor cells. This results in the destruction of tumor cells and leads to decreased tumor growth. The HPV16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins are implicated in the tumorigenesis of a variety of cancers. The SLPs allow optimal presentation by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Compared to ISA101, the E6 SLPs in ISA101b are identical, overlap by ten to eighteen residues and cover the complete sequence of HPV16 E6. However, ISA101 has four overlapping SLPs E7 peptides while ISA101b has three E7 SLPs, which leaves seven amino acids of the E7 SLPs uncovered in ISA101b but this modification is not likely to alter the immunogenicity of ISA101b.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV16 E6/E7-SLP ISA101b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISA 101b","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISA-101b","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISA101b","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic Long HPV16 E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine ISA101b","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synthetic Long HPV16 E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine ISA101b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552668"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793552"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793552"}]}}{"C26674":{"preferredName":"T900607","code":"C26674","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called tubulin-binding agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pentafluorophenylsulfonamide compound with potential antineoplastic activity. T900607 inhibits tubulin polymerization by binding irreversibly to colchicine binding sites, resulting in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T-900607","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"T900607","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T900607","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T900607","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327873"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IC9O2HT1X1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"271169"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"271169"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T900607"}]}}{"C91727":{"preferredName":"Tabalumab","code":"C91727","definitions":[{"description":"A human IgG4 monoclonal antibody against B-cell activating factor (BAFF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Tabalumab binds to and inhibits the activity of both soluble and cell surface-bound BAFF. This may reduce the activity, proliferation and survival of B-cells. A dysregulated expression of BAFF, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family of proteins, is often seen in certain autoimmune diseases and certain cancers, and may promote B lymphocyte activation, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BAFF Monoclonal Antibody LY2127399","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2127399","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TABALUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tabalumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tabalumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984518"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1143503-67-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PQP8VH3MJW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600180"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600180"}]}}{"C143140":{"preferredName":"Tabelecleucel","code":"C143140","definitions":[{"description":"Allogeneic cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) selective for the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressed by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, and after hematopoietic cell transplants (HCT) or solid organ transplants (SOT), or during certain other immunocompromised states, tabelecleucel targets and binds to EBV-associated antigens expressed on EBV-infected cells. This results in lysis of EBV-infected cells and prevents growth of EBV-associated cancer cells. EBV is associated with a variety of cancers and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (EBV+ PTLD).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATA 129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATA129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic EBV-specific CTLs ATA129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic EBV-specific Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTLs ATA129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBV-CTLs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TABELECLEUCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tabelecleucel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tabelecleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teb-cel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541621"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G3NJ7M8N4H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792147"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792147"}]}}{"C2202":{"preferredName":"Tacedinaline","code":"C2202","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable substituted benzamide derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Tacedinaline inhibits histone deacetylation, which may result in histone hyperacetylation, followed by the induction of differentiation, the inhibition of cell proliferation, and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(Acetylamino)-N-(2-aminophenyl)benzamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"4-(Acetylamino)-N-(2-aminophenyl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetyldinaline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-994","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-994","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GOE5549","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-acetyl Dinaline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-acetyldinaline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"N-acetyldinaline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD 123654","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TACEDINALINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tacedinaline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18497959"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0217598"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"112522-64-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UMF554N5FG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37825"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37825"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H15N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acetyldinaline"}]}}{"C64769":{"preferredName":"Tagraxofusp-erzs","code":"C64769","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of myeloid leukemia (a disease in which too many immature non-lymphocyte white blood cells are found in the blood and bone marrow). DT388IL3 fusion protein is made by combining IL-3 with a toxic substance. The IL-3 attaches to the cancer cells and the toxic substance kills them.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant protein consisting of human interleukin 3 (IL3) fused to the first 388 amino acids of diphtheria toxin [DT(388)] (DT388IL3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of tagraxofusp-erzs, the IL3 moiety binds to IL3 receptors on cells expressing the receptor. Subsequently, the DT(388) toxin moiety, which contains both translocation and catalytic domains, is transported across the cell membrane via endocytosis. Within the cytosol, the catalytic domain of the toxin both catalyzes the ADP-ribosylation of, and inactivates, translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), which results in the inhibition of translation during protein synthesis. IL3 may be overexpressed by a variety of cancers, including blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DT(388)-IL3 Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DT388IL3 fusion protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Diphtheria Toxin(388)-Interleukin-3 Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elzonris","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL3R-targeting Fusion Protein SL-401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S)-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(7-morpholin-4-ylquinazolin-4-yl)phenyl]-(6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl)methanol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL-401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAGRAXOFUSP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tagraxofusp","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tagraxofusp ERZS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tagraxofusp-erzs","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tagraxofusp-erzs","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3886200"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2055491-00-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8ZHS5657EH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"516002"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"516002"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diphtheria_Toxin_388_Interleukin-3_Fusion_Protein"}]}}{"C48264":{"preferredName":"Talabostat","code":"C48264","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer, including certain types of lung, pancreas, and brain cancer. Talabostat may help the immune system block the growth of cancer cells. It may also increase the growth of new blood cells. It is a type of enzyme inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small molecule with antineoplastic and hematopoiesis- stimulating activities. By cleaving N-terminal Xaa-Pro or Xaa-Ala residues, talabostat inhibits dipeptidyl peptidases, such as fibroblast activation protein (FAP), resulting in the stimulation of cytokine and chemokine production and specific T-cell immunity and T-cell dependent activity. This agent may also stimulate the production of colony stimulating factors, such as granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), resulting in the stimulation of hematopoiesis. Dipeptidyl peptidases are involved in the activation of polypeptide hormones and chemokines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BXCL 701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BXCL-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BXCL701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TALABOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talabostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Talabostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[(2R)-1-[(2S)-2-amino-3-methylbutanoyl]pyrrolidin-2-yl]boronic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"talabostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2002307"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"149682-77-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KZ1O2SH88Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H19BN2O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Talabostat"}]}}{"C80682":{"preferredName":"Talabostat Mesylate","code":"C80682","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer, including certain types of lung, pancreas, and brain cancer. Talabostat mesylate may help the immune system block the growth of cancer cells. It may also increase the growth of new blood cells. It is a type of enzyme inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The mesylate salt of an orally active small molecule with antineoplastic and hematopoiesis- stimulating activities. By cleaving N-terminal Xaa-Pro or Xaa-Ala residues, talabostat inhibits dipeptidyl peptidases, such as fibroblast activation protein (FAP), resulting in the stimulation of cytokine and chemokine production and specific T-cell immunity and T-cell dependent activity. This agent may also stimulate the production of colony stimulating factors, such as granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), resulting in the stimulation of hematopoiesis. Dipeptidyl peptidases are involved in the activation of polypeptide hormones and chemokines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"((2R)-1-((2S)-2-amino-3-methylbutanoyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)boronic Acid Methanesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALABOSTAT MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talabostat Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Val-boro-Pro","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"talabostat mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1311786"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"150080-09-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V8ZG4Y1B51"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"372906"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"372906"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H19BN2O3.CH4O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Talabostat_Mesylate"}]}}{"C102784":{"preferredName":"Talacotuzumab","code":"C102784","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody against CD123 (Interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, talacotuzumab binds to and neutralizes CD123. This may inhibit IL-3-dependent signaling and may inhibit proliferation and differentiation in CD123-positive tumor cells. CSL362 contains an engineered Fc region which increases its binding affinity to Fc-gamma receptors on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells thereby initiating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). CD123 is normally expressed on committed blood progenitor cells in the bone marrow; its overexpression is associated with increased leukemic cell proliferation and aggressiveness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IL-3 Receptor Alpha Monoclonal Antibody CSL362","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSL 362","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSL362","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-56022473","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ56022473","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALACOTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talacotuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Talacotuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437022"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X8JR0I7JE1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736467"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736467"}]}}{"C78460":{"preferredName":"Talactoferrin Alfa","code":"C78460","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied in the treatment of kidney cancer that has spread. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer and other conditions. Talactoferrin increases the activity of dendritic cells (a type of immune cell) to help kill cancer cells. It is a form of human lactoferrin (a protein found in milk, tears, mucus, bile, and some white blood cells) that is made in the laboratory. Talactoferrin is a type of recombinant protein and a type of immunomodulatory protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable recombinant human lactoferrin produced in the fungus Aspergillus niger with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, talactoferrin is transported into small intestinal Peyer's patches of the gut-associated lymphoreticular tissues (GALT), where it recruits circulating immature dendritic cells (DCs) bearing tumor antigens and induces their maturation. In the GALT, DC maturation in the presence of tumor antigens and lymphoid effector cells may induce systemic innate and adaptive immune responses mediated by anti-tumor natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and natural killer T (NKT) cells; activation of tumor-draining lymph nodes, cellular infiltration of distant tumors, and tumor-cell death may follow. Raising the initial immune response in the GALT, distant from the primary tumor, may counter local tumor-mediated immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Recombinant Human Lactoferrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral rhLF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALACTOFERRIN ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TLF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Talactoferrin Alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Talactoferrin Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"talactoferrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"talactoferrin alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1872514"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"308240-58-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"renal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7A055A9QRR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"394101"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"394101"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Talactoferrin"}]}}{"C103826":{"preferredName":"Taladegib","code":"C103826","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule antagonist of the Hedgehog (Hh)-ligand cell surface receptor smoothened (Smo) with potential antineoplastic activity. Taladegib inhibits signaling that is mediated by the Hh pathway protein Smo, which may result in a suppression of the Hh signaling pathway and may lead to the inhibition of the proliferation of tumor cells in which this pathway is abnormally activated. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair; constitutive activation of this pathway is associated with uncontrolled cellular proliferation and has been observed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Fluoro-N-methyl-N-(1-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)phthalazin-1-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, 4-Fluoro-N-methyl-N-(1-(4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1-phthalazinyl)-4-piperidinyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-2940680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY2940680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALADEGIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Taladegib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Taladegib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641628"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1258861-20-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QY8BWX1LJ5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688313"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688313"}]}}{"C38139":{"preferredName":"Talampanel","code":"C38139","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of brain tumors and other brain disorders, such as epilepsy and Parkinson disease. It is a type of AMPA receptor antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of dioxolo-benzodiazepine with anti-seizure activity. Talampanel antagonizes the AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) subtype of glutamate excitatory amino acid receptors and may inhibit the growth of gliomas by interfering with neurotransmitters involved in brain tumor growth. This agent may also protect against traumatic brain injury.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-(-)-1-(4-Aminophenyl)-3-acetyl-4-methyl-7,8-methylenedioxy-3,4-dihydro-5H-2,3-benzodiazepine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GYKI-53773","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-300164","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALAMPANEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talampanel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"talampanel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"729898"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0250723"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"161832-65-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CVS43XG1L5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"315898"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"315898"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H19N3O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Talampanel"}]}}{"C26675":{"preferredName":"Talaporfin Sodium","code":"C26675","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used in photodynamic therapy. When absorbed by cancer cells and exposed to light, the drug becomes active and kills the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An agent consisting of chlorin e6, derived from chlorophyll, and L-aspartic acid with photosensitizing activity. After intratumoral activation by light emitting diodes, taporfin sodium forms an extended high energy conformational state that generates singlet oxygen, resulting in free radical-mediated cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LS11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laserphyrin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ME2906","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mono-L-aspartyl Chlorin e6","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPe6","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALAPORFIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talaporfin Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Talaporfin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taporfin Sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"talaporfin sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2350202"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"220201-34-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L63605PZ70"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"258313"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"258313"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C38H37N5O9.4Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Taporfin_Sodium"}]}}{"C95733":{"preferredName":"Talazoparib","code":"C95733","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential antineoplastic activity. Talazoparib selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair of single strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA and is activated by single-strand DNA breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMN 673","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMN-673","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALAZOPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talazoparib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Talazoparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4042960"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1207456-01-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9QHX048FRV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694964"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694964"}]}}{"C61314":{"preferredName":"Talimogene Laherparepvec","code":"C61314","definitions":[{"description":"An ICP34.5, ICP47-deleted, oncolytic herpes simplex type-1 virus (HSV-1) based on the JS1 strain, and encoding the immunostimulating factor human cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection, talimogene laherparepvec selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, thereby inducing tumor cell lysis. In addition, GM-CSF attracts dendritic cells (DCs) and may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell response against tumor cells, which results in immune-mediated tumor cell death. Deletion of the gene encoding for ICP34.5 provides tumor selectivity and prevents replication in healthy cells. As ICP47 blocks antigen presentation in HSV-infected cells, deletion of this gene may induce a more potent antitumor immune response in the tumor cells. Additionally, deletion of ICP47 causes increased expression of the HSV US11 gene and allows US11 to be expressed as an immediate early and not a late gene. This further enhances the degree of viral replication and oncolysis of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ICP34.5-, ICP47-deleted Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) Incorporating the Human GM-CSF Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imlygic","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JS1 34.5-hGMCSF 47- pA-","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OncoVEX GM-CSF","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-VEC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALIMOGENE LAHERPAREPVEC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talimogene Laherparepvec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Talimogene Laherparepvec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831828"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1187560-31-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"local treatment of unresectable cutaneous, subcutaneous, and nodal lesions in patients with melanoma recurrent after initial surgery"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"07730V90L6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485296"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485296"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"GM-CSF-Encoding_Oncolytic_Herpes_Simplex_Virus_Vaccine"}]}}{"C1603":{"preferredName":"Tallimustine","code":"C1603","definitions":[{"description":"A benzoyl mustard derivative of the antiviral agent distamycin A with potential antineoplastic activity. Tallimustine selectively binds to A-T rich regions in the minor groove of DNA and alkylates at the N3 position of adenine in a highly sequence-specific manner. This prevents DNA replication, inhibits cellular proliferation and triggers apoptosis. Moreover, unlike other clinical nitrogen mustards, tallimustine does not carry out guanine-N7 alkylation in the major groove of DNA, which may lead to a high selectivity of action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FCE 24517","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNU-152241","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALLIMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tallimustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0286890"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"115308-98-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"71193OXG6S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42145"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42145"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H38Cl2N10O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tallimustine"}]}}{"C79841":{"preferredName":"Talmapimod","code":"C79841","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor with potential immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activities. Talmapimod specifically binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, which may result in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. This agent may also enhance proteasome inhibitor-induced apoptosis. p38 MAPK is a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in a MAPK signaling cascade that controls cellular responses to various environmental stresses, cytokines, and endotoxins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-indole-3-acetamide, 6-Chloro-5-[[(2R,5S)-4-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2,5-dimethyl-1- piperazinyl]carbonyl]-N,N,1-trimethyl-alpha-oxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-[6-Chloro-5-[[(2R,5S)-4-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]carbonyl]-1- methyl-1H-indol-3-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2-oxoacetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCIO 469","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALMAPIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talmapimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541463"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"309913-83-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B1E00KQ6NT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"387795"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"387795"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H30ClFN4O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Talmapimod"}]}}{"C29341":{"preferredName":"Talotrexin","code":"C29341","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of leukemia and some other types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antifolates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antimetabolite analogue of aminopterin with potential antineoplastic activity. As a folate antagonist, talotrexin binds to and inhibits the function of dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in the inhibition of folate metabolism, DNA synthesis, and cell division. Hydrosoluble, talotrexin is actively transported into cells by the reduced folate carrier (RFC) and, therefore, is unlikely to be associated with P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N(alpha)-(4-Amino-4-deoxypteroyl)-N(delta)-hemiphthaloyl-L-ornithine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT523","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALOTREXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talopterin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Talotrexin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"talotrexin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"623017"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0251361"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"113857-87-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A8E516A20K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H27N9O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PT523"}]}}{"C80159":{"preferredName":"Talotrexin Ammonium","code":"C80159","definitions":[{"description":"An ammonium salt of tallotrexin, an analogue of aminopterin with potential antineoplastic activity. As a folate antagonist, talotrexin binds to and inhibits the function of dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in the inhibition of folate metabolism, DNA synthesis, and cell division. Hydrosoluble, talotrexin is actively transported into cells by the reduced folate carrier (RFC) and, therefore, is unlikely to be associated with P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-(((4S)-4-Carboxy-4-((4-(((2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)amino)butyl)carbamoyl)benzoic Acid Monoammonium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT-523","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PT523","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALOTREXIN AMMONIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talotrexin Ammonium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Talotrexin Ammonium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"712783"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0288639"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"648420-92-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"686WJT9102"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"387796"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"387796"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H27N9O6.H3N"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Talotrexin_Ammonium"}]}}{"C75998":{"preferredName":"Taltobulin","code":"C75998","definitions":[{"description":"An analogue of the naturally occurring tripeptide hemiasterlin, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Taltobulin binds tubulin in a similar manner as colchicine and inhibits tubulin polymerization. This results in the disruption of the cytoskeleton, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, blockage of cell division and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HTI-286","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPA-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TALTOBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Taltobulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1258191"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"228266-40-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J6D6912BXS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H43N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Taltobulin"}]}}{"C150585":{"preferredName":"TAM/c-Met Inhibitor RXDX-106","code":"C150585","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activity of both hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met; HGFR) and receptors in the TYRO3, AXL, and MER (TAM) family, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of TAM/c-Met inhibitor RXDX-106, this agent selectively targets and binds to TYRO3, AXL, MER and c-Met, and prevents their RTK activity. This blocks TYRO3/AXL/MER/c-Met-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits the proliferation and migration of TYRO3-, AXL-, MER- and c-Met-overexpressing tumor cells. Inhibition of the TAM family in the tumor microenvironment (TME) activates the immune system in the TME, reverses TAM mediated immunosuppression and enhances the anti-tumor immune response, which lead to immune-mediated tumor cell killing. TYRO3, AXL and MER, members of the TAM family of RTKs, are overexpressed in many tumor cell types. TAMs play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis, and their expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis. c-Met, also overexpressed in many tumor cell types, plays a critical role in tumor formation, proliferation, invasion and metastasis, and contributes to tumor resistance. In the TME, TAM expression on immune cells contributes to tumor cell evasion of immune surveillance and to the negative regulation of immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEP 40783","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP-40783","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEP40783","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-(6,7-Dimethoxyquinolin-4-yl)oxy-3-fluorophenyl]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,4-dioxo-1-propan-2-ylpyrimidine-5-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX 106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RXDX106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAM/c-Met Inhibitor RXDX-106","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TAM/c-Met Inhibitor RXDX-106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TYRO3/AXL/MER/c-Met Inhibitor RXDX-106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552337"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1437321-24-8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793447"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793447"}]}}{"C71025":{"preferredName":"Tamibarotene","code":"C71025","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active, synthetic retinoid, developed to overcome all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) resistance, with potential antineoplastic activity. As a specific retinoic acid receptor (RAR) alpha/beta agonist, tamibarotene is approximately ten times more potent than ATRA in inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis in HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia) cell lines in vitro. Due to a lower affinity for cellular retinoic acid binding protein (CRABP), tamibarotene may show sustained plasma levels compared to ATRA. In addition, this agent may exhibit a lower toxicity profile than ATRA, in part, due to the lack of affinity for the RAR-gamma receptor, the major retinoic acid receptor in the dermal epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-((5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)carbamoyl)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Am-80","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Am80","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzoic Acid, 4-(((5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-Tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)amino)carbonyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INNO-507","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthyl)terephthalamic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinobenzoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SY-1425","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAMIBAROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TM-411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOS-80T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamibarotene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tamibarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z-208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"608000"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1567753"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"94497-51-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"08V52GZ3H9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"571791"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"571791"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H25NO3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tamibarotene"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:32181"}]}}{"C121664":{"preferredName":"Taminadenant","code":"C121664","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist PBF-509 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This abrogates the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes and activates a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, thereby reducing proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of T-cells and, upon activation by adenosine, inhibits their proliferation and activation. Adenosine is often produced in excess by cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Pyrimidinamine, 5-Bromo-2,6-di-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A2AR Antagonist PBF-509","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBF-509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAMINADENANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Taminadenant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Taminadenant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053608"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1337962-47-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"84I5UEP321"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770798"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770798"}]}}{"C62078":{"preferredName":"Tamoxifen","code":"C62078","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of breast cancer in women and men. It is also used to prevent breast cancer in women who have had ductal carcinoma in situ (abnormal cells in the ducts of the breast) and in women who are at a high risk of developing breast cancer. Tamoxifen is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks the effects of the hormone estrogen in the breast. Tamoxifen is a type of antiestrogen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antineoplastic nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Tamoxifen competitively inhibits the binding of estradiol to estrogen receptors, thereby preventing the receptor from binding to the estrogen-response element on DNA. The result is a reduction in DNA synthesis and cellular response to estrogen. In addition, tamoxifen up-regulates the production of transforming growth factor B (TGFb), a factor that inhibits tumor cell growth, and down-regulates insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a factor that stimulates breast cancer cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-p-beta-dimethylamino-ethoxyphenyl-trans-1,2-diphenylbut-1-ene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAMOXIFEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"tamoxifen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039286"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"10540-29-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"094ZI81Y45"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H29NO"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tamoxifen_Base"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:41774"}]}}{"C855":{"preferredName":"Tamoxifen Citrate","code":"C855","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of breast cancer in women and men. It is also used to prevent breast cancer in women who have had ductal carcinoma in situ (abnormal cells in the ducts of the breast) and in women who are at a high risk of developing breast cancer. Tamoxifen citrate is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks the effects of the hormone estrogen in the breast. Tamoxifen citrate is a type of antiestrogen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The citrate salt of an antineoplastic nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Tamoxifen competitively inhibits the binding of estradiol to estrogen receptors, thereby preventing the receptor from binding to the estrogen-response element on DNA. The result is a reduction in DNA synthesis and cellular response to estrogen. In addition, tamoxifen up-regulates the production of transforming growth factor B (TGFb), a factor that inhibits tumor cell growth, and down-regulates insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a factor that stimulates breast cancer cell growth. Tamoxifen also down-regulates protein kinase C (PKC) expression in a dose-dependant manner, inhibiting signal transduction and producing an antiproliferative effect in tumors such as malignant glioma and other cancers that overexpress PKC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(Z)-2-[4-(1,2-Diphenyl-1-butenyl)phenoxy]-N,N-dimethylethanamine 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(Z)-2-[4-(1,2-diphenyl-1-butenyl)phenoxy]-N,N-dimethylethanamine citrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-p-beta-dimethylamino-ethoxyphenyl-trans-1,2-diphenylbut-1-ene Citrate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apo-Tamox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clonoxifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dignotamoxi","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ebefen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Emblon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estroxyn","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fentamox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gen-Tamoxifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI 46,474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICI-46474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jenoxifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kessar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ledertam","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lesporene","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nolgen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noltam","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nolvadex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nolvadex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Nolvadex-D","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nourytam","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Novo-Tamoxifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Novofen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noxitem","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oestrifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncotam","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PMS-Tamoxifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soltamox","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAMOXIFEN CITRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tamax","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamaxin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamifen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamizam","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamofen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamoxasta","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen Citrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen Citrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tamoxifen citrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tamoxifeni Citras","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zemide","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tamoxifen citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"180973"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700621"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"54965-24-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; Endometrial cancer; Gynecomastia; Melanoma; Ovarian cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7FRV7310N6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42901"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42901"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H29NO.C6H8O7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tamoxifen"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9397"}]}}{"C48404":{"preferredName":"Tandutinib","code":"C48404","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It may stop cancer cell growth by blocking certain enzymes. It may also prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A piperazinyl quinazoline receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Tandutinib inhibits the autophosphorylation of FLT3 (FMS-Like Tyrosine kinase-3), c-KIT and PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) receptor tyrosine kinases, thereby inhibiting cellular proliferation and inducing apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Piperazinecarboxamide, 4-(6-Methoxy-7-(3-(1-piperidinyl)propoxy)-4-quinazolinyl)-N-(4-(1-methylethoxy)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT53518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT53518","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MLN 518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN518","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN518","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TANDUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tandutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tandutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tandutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"726292"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1143028"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"387867-13-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E1IO3ICJ9A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"353146"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"353146"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H42N6O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MLN518"}]}}{"C37899":{"preferredName":"Tanespimycin","code":"C37899","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is made from an antibiotic called geldanamycin. Tanespimycin helps cause the breakdown of certain proteins in the cell, and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antineoplastic antibiotic and a type of HSP90 inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benzoquinone antineoplastic antibiotic derived from the antineoplastic antibiotic geldanamycin. Tanespimycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). HSP90 maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins; the inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins that may be overexpressed by tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-(Allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-AAG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-AAG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"17-AAG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"17-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-Demethoxy-17-(2-propenylamino)geldanamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"17-Demethoxy-17-(2-propenylamino)geldanamycin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxy geldanamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Geldanamycin, 17-allylamino-17-demethoxy-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"KOS-953","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TANESPIMYCIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tanespimycin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tanespimycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tanespimycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"330507"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0675974"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"75747-14-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4GY0AVT3L4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43635"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43635"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C31H43N3O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_17-Allylamino_17-demethoxygeldanamycin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64153"}]}}{"C102877":{"preferredName":"Olinvacimab","code":"C102877","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), with potential antiangiogenic activity. Upon administration, olinvacimab specifically binds to VEGFR2, thereby preventing the binding of its ligand VEGF. This may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. VEGFR2 is a pro-angiogenic growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by endothelial cells, while VEGF is overexpressed in many tumors and is correlated to tumor progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OLINVACIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Olinvacimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTAC-0001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3490677"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2095504-49-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"VFH55IZ5VI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738495"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738495"}]}}{"C1705":{"preferredName":"Tanomastat","code":"C1705","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A biphenyl matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor (MMPI) with potential antineoplastic activity. Tanomastat inhibits MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9, inhibiting extracellular matrix degradation and potentially inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. MMPs consist of at least 18 zinc-containing endo-proteinases that are capable of degrading collagen and proteoglycan.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-3-[(4'-Chloro-4-biphenylyl)carbonyl]-2-[(phenylthio)methyl]propionic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-[4-(chlorophenyl)phenyl]-4-oxo-2S-(phenylthiomethyl) butanoic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 12-9566","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 12-9566","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"BAY 12-9566","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BAY-12-9566","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TANOMASTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tanomastat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"16442153"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0393069"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"179545-77-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AM1ZX94EXH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42675"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42675"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H19ClO3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tanomastat"}]}}{"C26666":{"preferredName":"Tarenflurbil","code":"C26666","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally active synthetic enantiomer of flurbiprofen. Tarenflurbil activates c-Jun N terminal kinase, increases AP-1 binding to DNA, and downregulates cyclin D1 expression, resulting in arrest of tumor cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and apoptosis. This agent also affects the expression of nuclear factor kappa B, a rapid response transcription factor that stimulates the immune response to tumor cells. R-flurbiprofen does not inhibit the enzyme cyclo-oxygenase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(R)-2-Fluoro-alpha-methyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E-7869","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flurizan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPC-7869","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-Flurbiprofen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"R-flurbiprofen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"R-flurbiprofen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TARENFLURBIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tarenflurbil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"685699"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527219"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51543-40-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"501W00OOWA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257154"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"257154"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H13FO2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"R-flurbiprofen"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38666"}]}}{"C95719":{"preferredName":"Tarextumab","code":"C95719","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the Notch receptor with potential antineoplastic activity. Tarextumab binds to Notch on the cell surface, thereby inhibiting Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, which may impede tumor angiogenesis. Notch receptors are important for cell-cell communication, which involves gene regulation mechanisms that control multiple cell differentiation processes during embryonic and adult life. Dysregulated Notch signaling is implicated in many diseases including T-ALL (T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia), CADASIL (Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Sub-cortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy), MS (Multiple Sclerosis), and many other disease states.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MoAb OMP-59R5","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP 59R5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP-59R5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAREXTUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tarextumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tarextumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053948"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1359940-55-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"333YMY788E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693946"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693946"}]}}{"C2246":{"preferredName":"Tariquidar","code":"C2246","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may help tumor cells respond again to drugs they have become resistant (unable to respond) to. Tariquidar is a type of multidrug resistance inhibitor and a type of P-glycoprotein antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An anthranilamide derivative with multidrug resistance properties. Tariquidar non-competitively binds to the p-glycoprotein transporter, thereby inhibiting transmembrane transport of anticancer drugs. Inhibition of transmembrane transport may result in increased intracellular concentrations of an anticancer drug, thereby augmenting its cytotoxicity. 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Taselisib selectively inhibits PIK3CA and its mutant forms in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PIK3CA-expressing tumor cells. By specifically targeting class I PI3K alpha, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan PI3K inhibitors. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently found in solid tumors and causes increased tumor cell growth, survival, and resistance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. PIK3CA, which encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays a key role in cancer cell growth and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDC-0032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5537381","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TASELISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Taselisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Taselisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3660928"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1282512-48-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L08J2O299M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695816"}]}}{"C77067":{"preferredName":"Tasidotin","code":"C77067","definitions":[{"description":"A third generation, synthetic, water-soluble, pentapeptide analog of the marine depsipeptide dolastatin 15, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Tasidotin and its metabolite, tasidotin C-carboxylate, suppress the dynamic instability behavior of the microtubules through a reduction of the shortening rate (disassembly); reduction of the switching frequency from growth to shortening; and by reducing microtubules growth time. This may eventually result in a reduction of cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ILX651","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TASIDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tasidotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1610484"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"192658-64-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"05G07285DK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C32H58N6O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tasidotin"}]}}{"C62794":{"preferredName":"Tasisulam","code":"C62794","definitions":[{"description":"An acyl-sulfonamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Selectively toxic towards tumor cells, tasisulam appears to induce tumor cell apoptosis by a mitochondrial-targeted mechanism involving the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In combination with an angiogenesis inhibitor, this agent may exhibit synergistic antiangiogenic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LY-573636","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY573636","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2,4-Dichlorobenzoyl)-5-bromothiophene-2-sulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TASISULAM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tasisulam","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831958"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"519055-62-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1YC4W9MSLJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H6BrCl2NO3S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"LY573636"}]}}{"C88304":{"preferredName":"Tasisulam Sodium","code":"C88304","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of an acyl-sulfonamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Selectively toxic towards tumor cells, tasisulam appears to induce tumor cell apoptosis by a mitochondrial-targeted mechanism involving the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In combination with an angiogenesis inhibitor, this agent may exhibit synergistic antiangiogenic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzamide, N-[(5-Bromo-2-thienyl)sulfonyl]-2,4-dichloro-, Sodium Salt","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-573636.Na","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY573636-Sodium","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TASISULAM SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tasisulam Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tasisulam Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18949427"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3537265"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"519055-63-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O3955SHR9J"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"506118"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"506118"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C11H5BrCl2NO3S2.Na"}]}}{"C74080":{"preferredName":"Tasquinimod","code":"C74080","definitions":[{"description":"A quinoline-3-carboxamide linomide analogue with antiangiogenic and potential antineoplastic activities. Tasquinimod has been shown to decrease blood vessel density but the exact mechanism of action is not known. This agent has also been shown to augment the antineoplastic effects of docetaxel and androgen ablation in a murine model of prostate cancer involving human prostate cancer xenografts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABR-215050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TASQ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TASQUINIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tasquinimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tasquinimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1956491"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"254964-60-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"756U07KN1R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581229"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581229"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H17F3N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tasquinimod"}]}}{"C2639":{"preferredName":"Taurolidine","code":"C2639","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called anti-infectives.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic with antibacterial, anticoagulant and potential antiangiogenic activities. Taurolidine, derived from the amino acid taurine, binds to and neutralizes bacterial exotoxins and endotoxins, or lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Taurolidine binding to LPS prevents bacterial adherence to host epithelial cells, thereby prevents bacterial invasion of uninfected host cells. Although the mechanism underlying its antineoplastic activity has not been fully elucidated, it may be related to this agent's anti-adherence property. In addition, taurolidine also promotes apoptosis by inducing various apoptotic factors and suppresses the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a protein that plays an important role in angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bis(1,1-dioxoperhydro-1,2,4-thiadiazinyl-4)-methane","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAUROLIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Taurolidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taurolin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"taurolidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0144567"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"19388-87-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Bronchiectasis; Catheter-Related Sepsis; Otitis Media; Peritonitis; Thoracic Empyema"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8OBZ1M4V3V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38354"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38354"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H16N4O4S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Taurolidine"}]}}{"C954":{"preferredName":"Tauromustine","code":"C954","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble taurine-based nitrosourea with potential antineoplastic activity. Tauromustine alkylates DNA and causes DNA cross links independent of cell cycle, thereby resulting in disruption of DNA function and induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(2-(dimethylaminosulfonyl)ethyl)-1-nitrosourea","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LS-2667","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAUROMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tauromustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0044133"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"85977-49-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"511F69K76Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40279"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40279"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H15ClN4O4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tauromustine"}]}}{"C75290":{"preferredName":"Taurultam","code":"C75290","definitions":[{"description":"A reversible metabolite of taurolidine and an amino acid taurine derivative, with antibacterial and antineoplastic activity. Taurultam, like its congener taurolidine, inhibits proliferation of microvascular endothelial cells, although to a lesser extent, by selectively inhibiting the adhesion of endothelial cells to laminin but not to collagen I and fibronectin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TAURULTAM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Taurultam","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"9552463"},{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17395893"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0673101"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"38668-01-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LIX7OM008P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C3H8N2O2S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Taurultam"}]}}{"C159500":{"preferredName":"Taurultam Analogue GP-2250","code":"C159500","definitions":[{"description":"An oxathiazine-based structural analogue of taurultam (TRLT), which is the main derivative of the anti-infective agent taurolidine (TRD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GP-2250 selectively induces reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis in and inhibits proliferation of susceptible tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GP 2250","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GP-2250","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GP2250","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taurultam Analogue GP-2250","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Taurultam Analogue GP-2250","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951458"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797809"}]}}{"C156363":{"preferredName":"Tavokinogene Telseplasmid","code":"C156363","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA plasmid that encodes genes for both the p35 and p40 subunits of the heterodimeric human interleukin 12 (hIL-12) protein that are separated by an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) and under the control of a single cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration via intratumoral injection and electroporation, the plasmid is introduced into human cells resulting in expression and highly-localized secretion of a functional IL-12 p70 protein into the tumor microenvironment (TME). IL-12 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a significant role in priming and maintaining T-helper (Th) cells, activating natural killer (NK) cells, and regulating the reactivation and survival of memory T-cells (Tm). Increased levels of IL-12 in the TME may augment host immune response against tumor cells by inhibiting regulatory T-cells (Tregs), T-helper 2 (Th2) responses, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IT-Tavo-EP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmid IL-12 pUMVC3-hIL-12-NGVL3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAVOKINOGENE TELSEPLASMID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tavo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tavokinogene Telseplasmid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tavokinogene Telseplasmid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563071"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MF4P7VQ2K8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795694"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795694"}]}}{"C120041":{"preferredName":"Tavolimab","code":"C120041","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic, humanized monoclonal antibody against receptor OX40 (CD134), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, tavolimab selectively binds to and activates the OX40 receptor. OX40 receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this agent may promote an immune response against TAAs-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0562","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MEDI-0562","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI0562","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAVOLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tavolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tavolixizumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896818"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1635395-25-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4LU9B48U4D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767471"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767471"}]}}{"C48424":{"preferredName":"Taxane Analogue TPI 287","code":"C48424","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, third generation taxane with potential antineoplastic activity. TPI 287 binds to tubulin and stabilizes microtubules, resulting in inhibition of microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TPI 287","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxane Analogue TPI 287","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Taxane Analogue TPI 287","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1710314"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"849213-15-6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"438803"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"438803"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TPI_287"}]}}{"C1490":{"preferredName":"Taxane Compound","code":"C1490","definitions":[{"description":"A type of drug that blocks cell growth by stopping mitosis (cell division). Taxanes interfere with microtubules (cellular structures that help move chromosomes during mitosis). They are used to treat cancer. A taxane is a type of mitotic inhibitor and a type of antimicrotubule agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Taxane Compound","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxanes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"taxane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796419"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1605-68-1"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Taxane_Compound"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:36064"}]}}{"C84839":{"preferredName":"Taxol Analogue SID 530","code":"C84839","definitions":[{"description":"An intravenous formulation containing docetaxel, a semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane derived from a compound found in the European yew tree, Taxus baccata, with potential antineoplastic activity. Taxol analogue SID 530 binds to and stabilizes tubulin, inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SID 530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Taxol Analogue SID 530","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412390"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650025"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"650025"}]}}{"C29487":{"preferredName":"Tazarotene","code":"C29487","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used on the skin to treat several skin conditions. It is also being studied in the treatment of basal cell skin cancer and basal cell nevus syndrome. Tazarotene is related to vitamin A and is made in the laboratory. It turns on a gene that may help stop the growth of skin cancer cells. Tazarotene is a type of synthetic retinoid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic, topical retinoid. Tazarotene induces the expression of tazarotene-induced gene 3 (TIG3), a tumor suppressor gene. In psoriasis, tazarotene normalizes abnormal keratinocyte differentiation and reduces their hyperproliferation. 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Upon oral administration, tazemetostat selectively inhibits the activity of both wild-type and mutated forms of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased tumor cell proliferation in EZH2 mutated cancer cells. EZH2, which belongs to the class of histone methyltransferases (HMTs), is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E7438","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPZ-6438","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPZ6438","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-((4,6-Dimethyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)-5-(ethyl(oxan-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-((morpholin-4-yl)methyl)(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-((4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)-5-(ethyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)-4-methyl-4'-(morpholinomethyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAZEMETOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tazemetostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tazemetostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827128"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1403254-99-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q40W93WPE1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1605":{"preferredName":"Tecogalan Sodium","code":"C1605","definitions":[{"description":"A sulfated polysaccharide isolated from various Arthrobacter bacterial species. Possessing potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic properties, tecogalan binds to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), thereby preventing bFGF from binding to its receptors. Disruption of this receptor binding results in the inhibition of bFGF-stimulated endothelial cell growth, proliferation, and migration. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS-4152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SP-PG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sulfated Polysaccharide Tecogalan DS-4152","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tecogalan Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0212199"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42149"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42149"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tecogalan_Sodium"}]}}{"C513":{"preferredName":"Tegafur","code":"C513","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A congener of the antimetabolite fluorouracil with antineoplastic activity. Tegafur is a prodrug that is gradually converted to fluorouracil in the liver by the cytochrome P-450 enzyme. Subsequently, 5-FU is metabolized to two active metabolites, 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP) by both tumor cells and normal cells. FdUMP inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division by inhibiting thymidylate synthase and reducing normal thymidine production, while FUTP inhibits RNA and protein synthesis by competing with uridine triphosphate. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Fluoro-1-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-1-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-2,4-(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5-Fluoro-1-(tetrahydro-2-furyl)-uracil","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Citofur","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coparogin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exonal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT-207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fental","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Florafur","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorofur","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ftorafur","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ftorafur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Ftoral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ftoralon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fulaid","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fulfeel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Furafluor","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Furofutran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Futraful","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lamar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lifril","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MJF-12264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N1-(2'-Furanidyl)-5-fluorouracil","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neberk","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nitobanil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Riol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinoflurol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sunfural","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEGAFUR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tefsiel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tegafur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Tegafur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tegafur","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Uracil, 5-fluoro-1-(tetrahydro-2-furyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Utefos","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-220066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tegafur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"148958"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016778"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"17902-23-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1548R74NSZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39248"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39248"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H9FN2O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tegafur"}]}}{"C1833":{"preferredName":"Tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil Potassium","code":"C1833","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is being studied for its ability to enhance the effectiveness of fluorouracil and prevent gastrointestinal side effects caused by fluorouracil. It belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable fluoropyrimidine antagonist composed of tegafur combined with two modulators of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) activity, gimeracil and potassium oxonate, in a molar ratio of 1:0.4:1. Tegafur is a prodrug of 5-fluorouracil, an antimetabolite that inhibits thymidylate synthase, DNA synthesis and cell division, and competes with uridine triphosphate, thus inhibiting RNA and protein synthesis. Gimeracil is a reversible inhibitor of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), the liver enzyme responsible for rapid catabolism of 5-FU into inactive metabolites. Potassium oxonate preferentially localizes in the gut and inhibits the enzyme orotate phosphoribosyl-transferase (OPRT), thereby decreasing activation of 5-FU in the gut and activated 5-FU-related gastrointestinal toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS 247616","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-247616","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"S-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TS-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tegafur, mixture with Gimeracil and Potassium Oxonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil Potassium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil Potassium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teysuno","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"15224197"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879262"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154239-56-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43548"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43548"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"S-1"}]}}{"C120099":{"preferredName":"Tegafur-Gimeracil-Oteracil Potassium-Leucovorin Calcium Oral Formulation","code":"C120099","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable granular formulation composed of the fluoropyrimidine antagonist tegafur combined with two modulators of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) activity, gimeracil and oteracil potassium, and the folic acid derivative leucovorin calcium, with potential antineoplastic activity. Tegafur is a prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), an antimetabolite that is further metabolized to 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP). FdUMP inhibits thymidylate synthase, DNA synthesis and cell division; FUTP competes with uridine triphosphate (UTP), thus inhibiting RNA and protein synthesis. Gimeracil is a reversible inhibitor of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), the liver enzyme responsible for rapid catabolism of 5-FU into inactive metabolites. Oteracil potassium preferentially localizes in the gut and inhibits the enzyme orotate phosphoribosyl-transferase (OPRT), which converts tegafur to 5-FU. This decreases the amount of 5-FU in the gut and prevents activated 5-FU-related gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity. Leucovorin calcium, an active metabolite of folic acid, counteracts the toxic effects of 5-FU, thereby 'rescuing' the patient while permitting the antitumor activity of 5-FU.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TAS-118","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tegafur-Gimeracil-Oteracil Potassium-Leucovorin Calcium Oral Formulation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3897369"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767716"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767716"}]}}{"C9506":{"preferredName":"Tegafur-Uracil","code":"C9506","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It is a combination of tegafur and uracil. The tegafur is taken up by the cancer cells and breaks down into 5-FU, a substance that kills tumor cells. The uracil causes higher amounts of 5-FU to stay inside the cells and kill them. Tegafur-uracil is a type of antimetabolite.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A formulated therapeutic oral agent consisting of a combination of the 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) congener prodrug tegafur (tetrahydrofuranyl-5-fluorouracil) and uracil (1:4). The high concentration of uracil reversibly inhibits the uracil-reducing enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), thereby inhibiting first-pass DPD-mediated hepatic metabolism of the uracil analogue 5-FU and permitting administration of 5-FU as the orally bioavailable prodrug tegafur. Tegafur is bioactivated to 5-FU by liver microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes. 5-FU is subsequently converted into its active metabolites 5-fluoro-deoxyuridine-monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine-triphosphate (FUTP) intracellularly; these metabolites inhibit the enzyme thymidylate synthase and intercalate into RNA, resulting in decreased thymidine synthesis, reduced DNA synthesis, disrupted RNA function, and tumor cell cytotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Fluorouracil-Uracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEGAFUR-URACIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tegafur-Uracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UFT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UFT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Uftoral","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uftoral","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uftoral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Uracil and Ftorafur","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uracil and Tegafur","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uracil and Tetrahydrofuranyl-5-Fluorouracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uracil/Tegafur (UFT)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tegafur-uracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"719164"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1446539"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HMI5GR78FR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"461135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"461135"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tegafur_Uracil"}]}}{"C155885":{"preferredName":"Tegavivint","code":"C155885","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, tegavivint binds to transducin beta-like protein 1 (TBL1) and disrupts the binding of beta-catenin to TBL1. This promotes beta-catenin degradation, attenuates nuclear and cytoplasmic levels of beta-catenin, and reduces transcriptional activity of transcription factor 4 (TCF4) and expression of its target genes, cyclin D1, c-Myc and survivin. The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway regulates cell morphology, motility, and proliferation; aberrant regulation of this pathway leads to neoplastic proliferation. Beta-catenin is frequently mutated in various tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9,10-Anthracenedione, 2,7-bis(((3R,5S)-3,5-dimethyl-1-piperidinyl)sulfonyl)-, 9,10-dioxime, rel-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BC 2059","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BC-2059","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BC2059","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEGAVIVINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tegatrabetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tegavivint","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tegavivint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562695"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1227637-23-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"18AP231HUP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795712"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795712"}]}}{"C90746":{"preferredName":"Teglarinad","code":"C90746","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble prodrug of a pyridyl cyanoguanidine compound and an inhibitor of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) with potential antineoplastic activity. Teglarinad is rapidly converted in the bloodstream into an active compound through hydrolytic cleavage of the carbonate ester bond. The activated form inhibits NAMPT, thereby inhibiting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis and induces a rapid decline in intracellular NAD+ followed by ATP reduction. As NAD+ is essential for tumor cell growth, inhibition of NAMPT induces tumor cell death. NAMPT is an essential enzyme in the synthesis of NAD+ and is upregulated in some cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pyridinium, 4-[[[[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)hexyl]amino](cyanoamino)methylene]amino]-1-(3-oxo-2,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxaheptadec-1-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEGLARINAD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teglarinad","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2983861"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NUG9P5GWZB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H43ClN5O8"}]}}{"C68931":{"preferredName":"Teglarinad Chloride","code":"C68931","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble prodrug of a cyanoguanidine compound with potential antineoplastic activity. In vivo, teglarinad chloride is rapidly converted into active drug through hydrolytic cleavage of a carbonate ester bond. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, the active drug appears to antagonize nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) transcription, resulting in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHS828 Prodrug","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EB1627","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GMX1777","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyridinium, 4-[[[[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)hexyl]amino](cyanoamino) methylene]amino]-1-(3-oxo-2,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxaheptadec-1-yl)-, chloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEGLARINAD CHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teglarinad Chloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Teglarinad Chloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346839"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"432037-57-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D6V5QYX9MZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"547816"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"547816"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H43ClN5O8.Cl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Apoptosis_Inducer_GMX1777"}]}}{"C104057":{"preferredName":"Telapristone","code":"C104057","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available 21-substituted-19-nor-progestin and selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM), with potential anti-progesterone and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, telapristone competitively binds to the progesterone receptor (PR) in progesterone-responsive tissue and inhibits PR-mediated gene expression. This interferes with progesterone activity in the reproductive system. As a result, this agent may suppress ovulation and inhibit proliferation of endometrial tissue. Also, this agent may prevent cell growth and induce apoptosis in estrogen receptor (ER) and PR-positive breast cancer cells through a reduction in progesterone levels, ER downregulation and a suppression of the expression of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) 2 and 4, ultimately leading to G1/S cell cycle arrest. Unlike some other SPRMs, this agent does not exert any estrogenic, androgenic, anti-estrogenic, and anti-androgenic activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11Beta-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-17-hydroxy-21-methoxy-19- norpregna-4,9-diene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELAPRISTONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Telapristone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3641719"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"198414-30-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"65703MV349"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C104055":{"preferredName":"Telapristone Acetate","code":"C104055","definitions":[{"description":"The acetate form of the 21-substituted-19-nor-progestin telapristone, an orally available selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM), with potential anti-progesterone and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CDB-4124 competitively binds to the progesterone receptor (PR) in progesterone-responsive tissue and inhibits PR-mediated gene expression. This interferes with progesterone activity in the reproductive system. As a result, this agent may suppress ovulation and inhibit proliferation of endometrial tissue. Also, this agent may prevent cell growth and induce apoptosis in estrogen receptor (ER) and PR-positive breast cancer cells through a reduction in progesterone levels, ER downregulation and a suppression of the expression of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) 2 and 4, ultimately leading to G1/S cell cycle arrest. Unlike some other SPRMs, this agent does not exert any estrogenic, androgenic, anti-estrogenic, and anti-androgenic activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S,11R,13S,14S,17R)-11-(4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl)-17-(2-methoxyacetyl)-13-methyl-3-oxo-2,3,6,7,8,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl Acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDB-4124","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proellex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Progenta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELAPRISTONE ACETATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Telapristone Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Telapristone Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3501648"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1K9EYK92PQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598776"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598776"}]}}{"C87837":{"preferredName":"Telatinib Mesylate","code":"C87837","definitions":[{"description":"The orally bioavailable mesylate salt of the 17-allylaminogeldanamycin (17-AAG) small-molecule inhibitor of several receptor protein tyrosine kinases with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Telatinib binds to and inhibits the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) type 2 and 3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRb) and c-Kit, which may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis and cellular proliferation in tumors in which these receptors are upregulated. These telatinib-inhibited receptor protein tyrosine kinases are overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and may play key roles in tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. 17-AAG is a synthetic analogue of the benzoquinone ansamycin antibiotic geldanamycin and has also been found to inhibit the molecular chaperone Hsp90.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"17-Demethoxy-17-Allylaminogeldanamycin Mesylate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELATINIB MESYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Telatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Telatinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL415590"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"571LVA9UMS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"652798"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"652798"}]}}{"C118571":{"preferredName":"Telisotuzumab Vedotin","code":"C118571","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of telisotuzumab, a monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and proto-oncogene, c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase (c-Met; MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) conjugated to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a valine-citrulline (vc) peptide linker (vc-MMAE; vedotin), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of telisotuzumab vedotin targets and binds to c-Met expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and enzymatic cleavage, the cytotoxic agent MMAE is released into the cytosol. MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. This kills the c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 399","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-399","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT 399","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-399","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-700-VCMMAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELISOTUZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Telisotuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Telisotuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474084"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1714088-51-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"976X9VXC3Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759579"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759579"}]}}{"C2715":{"preferredName":"Telomerase Inhibitor FJ5002","code":"C2715","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of rhodacyanine with potential antineoplastic activity. FJ5002 inhibits telomerase by interfering with holoenzyme assembly and telomere interaction, thus leading to replication-dependent shortening of telomeres with a concurrent increase in aneuploid metaphases and apoptotic cells. Telomerase is active in most tumors cells, but is quiescent in adjacent normal cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FJ5002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telomerase Inhibitor FJ5002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0908717"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"FJ5002"}]}}{"C119617":{"preferredName":"Suratadenoturev","code":"C119617","definitions":[{"description":"A replication-competent oncolytic, telomerase-specific adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Suratadenoturev contains the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene promoter sequence that drives the expression of the E1A and E1B genes, and is linked to an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES). Upon administration, OBP-301 selectively infects and replicates in cancer cells that are expressing telomerase, which causes cell lysis. This adenovirus does not infect or replicate in normal, healthy cells. OBP-301 may also potentially be used as a chemosensitizer. hTERT, which encodes for the catalytic protein subunit of telomerase, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types but not in normal, healthy cells. The insertion of an IRES further improves selectivity towards telomerase-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OBP-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SURATADENOTUREV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Suratadenoturev","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Suratadenoturev","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telomelycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telomelysin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telomerase-specific Type 5 Adenovirus OBP-301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896800"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1268642-13-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FV0JG1SX76"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766745"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766745"}]}}{"C1520":{"preferredName":"Teloxantrone","code":"C1520","definitions":[{"description":"An anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic. Teloxantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair, as well as RNA and protein synthesis","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anthra(1,9-cd)pyrazol-6(2H)-one,7,10-dihydroxy-2-(2-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)ethyl)-5-((2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-937","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moxantrazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELOXANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teloxantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0244823"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"91441-48-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"96521WL61B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H25N5O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Teloxantrone"}]}}{"C74544":{"preferredName":"Teloxantrone Hydrochloride","code":"C74544","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of an anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic. Teloxantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair, as well as RNA and protein synthesis","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anthra(1,9-cd)pyrazol-6(2H)-one,7,10-dihydroxy-2-(2-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)ethyl)-5-((2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino) Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-937 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUP 937","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moxantrazole Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELOXANTRONE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teloxantrone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"355644"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0970561"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"132937-88-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7ZQK8VIO6V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39411"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39411"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H25N5O4.2HCl.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Teloxantrone_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C124653":{"preferredName":"Telratolimod","code":"C124653","definitions":[{"description":"A toll-like receptor type 7 and 8 (TLR7/8) agonist with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon intratumoral administration, telratolimod binds to and activates TLR7 and 8, thereby stimulating antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). Activation of DCs results in the production of proinflammatory cytokines, and the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and B-lymphocyte immune responses. This may cause tumor cell lysis. TLR7 and 8, members of the TLR family, play fundamental roles in the activation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3M 052","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3M-052","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 9197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-9197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI9197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TELRATOLIMOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TLR7/TLR8 Dual Agonist MEDI9197","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telratolimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Telratolimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toll-like Receptor 7/8 Agonist MEDI9197","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL502885"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"16598XQ2BT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777376"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777376"}]}}{"C63953":{"preferredName":"Temarotene","code":"C63953","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic bioactive retinoid with differentiation inducing and potential antineoplastic activities. Like other retinoic acid agents, temarotene binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-6-[(1E)-1-methyl-2-phenylethenyl]naphthalene","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 15-0778","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEMAROTENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TTNPB, Decarboxylated Analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temaroten","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Temarotene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076076"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"75078-91-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A28G39IJ7K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H28"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Temarotene"}]}}{"C1669":{"preferredName":"Temoporfin","code":"C1669","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is also used in cancer prevention. It belongs to the family of drugs called photosensitizing agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic light-activated chlorin with photodynamic activity. Upon systemic administration, temoporfin distributes throughout the body and is taken up by tumor cells. Upon stimulation of temoporfin by non-thermal laser light (at 652 nm), and in the presence of oxygen, this agent produces highly reactive short-lived singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen radicals, resulting in local damage to tumor cells. This may kill tumor cells and may reduce the tumor size.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,10,15,20-Tetra-(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Foscan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEMOPORFIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Temoporfin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Temoporfin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"m-Tetrahydroxyphenyl-chlorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mTHPC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"meta-Tetrahydroxyphenyl Chlorin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"meta-Tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"temoporfin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17516041"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0379149"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"122341-38-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FU21S769PF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42851"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C44H32N4O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Temoporfin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9437"}]}}{"C1244":{"preferredName":"Temozolomide","code":"C1244","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat certain types of brain tumors in adults and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A triazene analog of dacarbazine with antineoplastic activity. As a cytotoxic alkylating agent, temozolomide is converted at physiologic pH to the short-lived active compound, monomethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (MTIC). The cytotoxicity of MTIC is due primarily to methylation of DNA at the O6 and N7 positions of guanine, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication. Unlike dacarbazine, which is metabolized to MITC only in the liver, temozolomide is metabolized to MITC at all sites. Temozolomide is administered orally and penetrates well into the central nervous system. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxoimidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-carbamoyl-3-methylimidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazin-4(3H)-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCRG-81045","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"M & B 39831","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M and B 39831","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methazolastone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methazolastone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"RP-46161","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCH 52365","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEMOZOLOMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TMZ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temcad","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temodal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temodar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temodar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Temomedac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temozolomide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Temozolomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Temozolomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temozolomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"temozolomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"362856"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076080"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"85622-93-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Malignant glioma (Anaplastic astrocytoma; Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas; Anaplastic oligoastrocytomas; Glioblastoma multiforme); Metastatic melanoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YF1K15M17Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41671"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41671"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H6N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Temozolomide"}]}}{"C1844":{"preferredName":"Temsirolimus","code":"C1844","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced renal cell carcinoma (a type of kidney cancer). It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Temsirolimus blocks a protein involved in cell division, and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of rapamycin analog and a type of serine/threonine kinase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An ester analog of rapamycin. Temsirolimus binds to and inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), resulting in decreased expression of mRNAs necessary for cell cycle progression and arresting cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase which plays a role in the PI3K/AKT pathway that is upregulated in some tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"42-(3-Hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpropanoate)rapamycin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCI-779","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCI-779","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"CCI-779","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CCI-779 Rapamycin Analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cell Cycle Inhibitor 779","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rapamycin Analog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rapamycin Analog CCI-779","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEMSIROLIMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Temsirolimus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Temsirolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Torisel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Torisel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"temsirolimus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"683864"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707080"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"162635-04-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Advanced renal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Renal Cell Carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"624KN6GM2T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43369"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43369"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C56H87NO16"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CCI-779"}]}}{"C113433":{"preferredName":"Tenalisib","code":"C113433","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active, highly selective, small molecule inhibitor of the delta and gamma isoforms of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tenalisib inhibits the PI3K delta and gamma isoforms and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT-mediated signaling pathway. This may lead to a reduction in cellular proliferation in PI3K delta/gamma-expressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent modulates inflammatory responses through various mechanisms, including the inhibition of both the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from neutrophils and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha activity. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, the delta and gamma isoforms are overexpressed primarily in hematologic malignancies and in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. By selectively targeting these isoforms, PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells is minimally impacted or not affected at all, which minimizes the side effect profile for this agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(3-Fluorophenyl)-2-((1S)-1-((7H-purin-6-yl)amino)propyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3-(3-fluorophenyl)-2-((1S)-1-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)propyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP 6530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP-6530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP6530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TENALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tenalisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tenalisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458227"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1639417-53-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2261HH611H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756264"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756264"}]}}{"C64772":{"preferredName":"Tenifatecan","code":"C64772","definitions":[{"description":"A highly lipophilic preparation of 7-Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38) with potential antineoplastic activity. SN2310 is an oil-in-water emulsion of tocopherol covalently linked, via a succinate linker, to SN-38, a synthetic derivative of the cytotoxic alkaloid camptothecin. After succinate linker is hydrolyzed in vivo, the active moiety SN-38 is released and selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-stranded DNA breaks and inducing lethal double-stranded DNA breaks. This inhibits DNA replication and triggers programmed cell death. SN2310 emulsion provides longer circulation time and potentiates drug exposure as compared to the unconjugated SN-38.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4S)-4,11-diethyl-4-hydroxy-3,14-dioxo-3,4,12,14-tetrahydro-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinolin- 9-yl (2R)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl Butanedioate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN-2310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SN2310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TENIFATECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tenifatecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tocopherol Succinate 7-Ethyl-10-Hydroxycamptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883354"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"850728-18-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7G0Y719Q80"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518315"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518315"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C55H72N2O9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tocopherol_Succinate_7-Ethyl-10-Hydroxycamptothecin"}]}}{"C857":{"preferredName":"Teniposide","code":"C857","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is a podophyllotoxin derivative and belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin with antineoplastic activity. Teniposide forms a ternary complex with the enzyme topoisomerase II and DNA, resulting in dose-dependent single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA, DNA: protein cross-links, inhibition of DNA strand religation, and cytotoxicity. This agent acts in the late S or early G phase of the cell cycle. 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Tepotinib selectively binds to MET tyrosine kinase and disrupts MET signal transduction pathways, which may induce apoptosis in tumor cells overexpressing this kinase. The receptor tyrosine kinase MET (also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor or HGFR), is the product of the proto-oncogene c-Met and is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types; this protein plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benzonitrile, 3-(1,6-Dihydro-1-((3-(5-((1-methyl-4-piperidinyl)methoxy)-2-pyrimidinyl)phenyl)methyl)-6-oxo-3-pyridazinyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD 1214063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD-1214063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD1214063","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEPOTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tepotinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tepotinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3658472"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1100598-32-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1IJV77EI07"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C95797":{"preferredName":"Teprotumumab","code":"C95797","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. R1507 blocks the action of a protein needed for cell growth and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Teprotumumab binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing the binding of the natural ligand IGF-1 and the activation of PI3K/AKT signal transduction; downregulation of the PI3K/AKT survival pathway may result in the induction of apoptosis and decreased cellular proliferation. The activation of IGF-1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase of the insulin receptor superfamily, stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis; IGF-1R signaling has been implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IGF-1R Monoclonal Antibody R1507","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Insulin-like Growth Factor I Receptor)(Human Monoclonal Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R1507","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R1507","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RG1507","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO4858696-000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RV001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEPROTUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teprotumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Teprotumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teprotumumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3181764"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"89957-37-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Treatment of solid and hematologic tumors"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Y64GQ0KC0A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"557569"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"557569"}]}}{"C61441":{"preferredName":"Terameprocol","code":"C61441","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks proteins needed for cancer growth. It is a type of transcriptional inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic tetra-methylated derivative of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) and transcriptional inhibitor with potential antiviral, antiangiogenic, and antineoplastic activities. Terameprocol competes with the transcription factor Sp1 for specific Sp1 DNA binding domains within gene promoter regions during DNA synthesis. In virally-infected cells, blocking of the Sp1 binding site suppresses Sp1-regulated viral promoter activity and gene expression, thereby inhibiting viral transcription and replication. In tumor cells, blockage of Sp1 binding sites by this agent interferes with the transcription of the Sp1-dependant genes cyclin-dependant kinase (Cdc2), survivin, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which are overexpressed in a variety of cancers. By suppressing Sp1-regulated transcription of these genes, terameprocol may reduce tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation and induce tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1'-(2,3-Dimethyl-1,4-butanediyl)bis(3,4-dimethoxybenzene)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EM-1421","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EM-1421","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"M4N","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TERAMEPROCOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TMNDGA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Terameprocol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Terameprocol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetra-O-methyl Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetra-O-methyl-NDGA","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetramethoxynordihydroguaiaretic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tetra-O-methyl NDGA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"tetra-O-methyl nordihydroguaiaretic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"136955"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0654036"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"24150-24-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"53YET703F2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"472205"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"472205"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H30O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"EM-1421"}]}}{"C75292":{"preferredName":"Terfluranol","code":"C75292","definitions":[{"description":"A trifluoroethyl derivative with antineoplastic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TERFLURANOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Terfluranol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699917"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"64396-09-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WUF1DL156G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H17F3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Terfluranol"}]}}{"C66985":{"preferredName":"Tergenpumatucel-L","code":"C66985","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic lung cancer vaccine with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Derived from allogeneic lung tumor cells, tergenpumatucel-L is engineered to express the murine alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GalT), an enzyme humans lack. GalT catalyzes the expression of foreign alpha-1,3-galactosyl (alpha-gal) carbohydrate epitopes in glycoproteins and in glycolipids on the cell membranes of the allogeneic lung tumor cells present in the vaccine, essentially producing a 'xenograft'. The hyperacute rejection involves pre-existing human anti-alpha-gal antibodies that bind the foreign alpha-gal epitopes expressed by the vaccine tumor cell xenograft, resulting in complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) towards endogenous lung tumor cells with unmodified carbohydrate epitopes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyperacute Lung Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tergenpumatucel-L","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tergenpumatucel-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"15161001"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879682"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539100"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"539100"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alpha-1_3-Galactosyltransferase-Expressing_Allogeneic_Lung_Tumor_Cell_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2320":{"preferredName":"Teroxirone","code":"C2320","definitions":[{"description":"A triazene triepoxide with antineoplastic activity. Teroxine alkylates and cross-links DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Henkel's Compound","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEROXIRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teroxirone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teroxirone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"alpha-1,3,5-triglycidyl-s-triazinetrione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-TGI","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-Triglycidyl Isocyanurate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"296934"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0043891"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"59653-73-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"456V4159SL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39722"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39722"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H15N3O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Teroxirone"}]}}{"C62756":{"preferredName":"Tertomotide","code":"C62756","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic peptide vaccine, containing 16 amino acid residues (611-626) of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase catalytic subunit (hTERT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Telomerase, a reverse transcriptase normally repressed in healthy cells, is overexpressed in most cancer cells and plays a key role in cellular proliferation. Vaccination with tertomotide may activate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GV 1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GV-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GV1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (EC 2.7.7.49)-(611-626)-Peptide (Telomerase Catalytic Subunit Fragment)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PrimoVax","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TERTOMOTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tertomotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831942"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"55R7RG342O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"502114"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"502114"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"GV1001"}]}}{"C37451":{"preferredName":"Tesetaxel","code":"C37451","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of taxane derivative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semi-synthetic, orally bioavailable taxane derivative with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic properties. Tesetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, promoting microtubule assembly and thereby preventing microtubule depolymerization. This may lead to cell cycle arrest and an inhibition of cell proliferation. This agent may also inhibit pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). As it represents poor substrate for P-glycoprotein-related drug resistance mechanisms, this agent may be useful for treating multi-drug resistant tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DJ-927","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DJ-927","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TESETAXEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tesetaxel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tesetaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1872681"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"333754-36-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UG97LO5M8Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346914"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346914"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C46H60FN3O13"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"DJ-927"}]}}{"C62496":{"preferredName":"Tesevatinib","code":"C62496","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Tesevatinib binds to and inhibits several tyrosine receptor kinases that play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; ERBB1), epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), and ephrin B4 (EphB4). This may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Quinazolinamine, N-(3,4-dichloro-2-fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-7-(((3aalpha,5beta,6aalpha)-octahydro-2-methylcyclopenta(c)pyrrol-5-yl)methoxy)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EXEL 7647","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KD 019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KD019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TESEVATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tesevatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tesevatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL647","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"22011666"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541356"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"781613-23-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F6XM2TN5A1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"386183"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"386183"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"XL647"}]}}{"C129315":{"preferredName":"Tesidolumab","code":"C129315","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the complement pathway protein C5, with complement pathway inhibitory activity and potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, tesidolumab targets and binds to C5, thereby preventing both C5 convertase-mediated cleavage of C5 and the formation of C5a and C5b. This inhibits C5-mediated signal transduction, the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) and the activation of the terminal complement pathway, and results in the prevention and/or inhibition of both complement-mediated inflammation and cell destruction. C5 plays a key role in the activation of the complement cascade.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LFG-316","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LFG316","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOV-4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TESIDOLUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tesidolumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tesidolumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512306"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1531594-08-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3FO6689MSD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783588"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783588"}]}}{"C2301":{"preferredName":"Testolactone","code":"C2301","definitions":[{"description":"A progesterone derivative with antineoplastic activity. Testolactone inhibits steroid aromatase, thereby preventing the formation of estrogen from adrenal androstenedione and reducing endogenous estrogen levels. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,3,4,4a,4b,7,9,10,10a-Decahydro-2-hydroxy-2,4b-dimethyl-7-oxo-1-phenanthrenepropionic Acid Delta-Lactone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Dehydrotestololactone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"13-Hydroxy-3-0x0-13,17-secoandrosta-1,4-dien-17-oic Acid Delta-Lactone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17Alpha-oxo-D-homo-1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-Homo-17a-oxaandrosta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Delta-1-Testololactone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fludestrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Fludestrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQ 9538","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SQ-9538","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TESTOLACTONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Teslac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teslac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Testolactone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Testolactone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"23759"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039600"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"968-93-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6J9BLA949Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42916"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42916"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H24O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Testolactone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9460"}]}}{"C1247":{"preferredName":"Testosterone Enanthate","code":"C1247","definitions":[{"description":"A long-acting intramuscular form of the androgen testosterone. Testosterone inhibits gonadotropin secretion from the pituitary gland and ablates estrogen production in the ovaries, thereby decreasing endogenous estrogen levels. In addition, this agent promotes the maintenance of male sex characteristics and is indicated for testosterone replacement in hypogonadal males, delayed puberty, and metastatic mammary cancer. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Andro LA","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androtardyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androtardyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Delatestryl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Everone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Everone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Primosteston","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TESTOSTERONE ENANTHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Testate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Testate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testinon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testinon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Testo-Enant","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testosterone Enanthate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Testosterone Enanthate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testosterone enanthate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"17591"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076189"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"315-37-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Male Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism; Delayed Puberty-Male and Primary Hypogonadism."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7Z6522T8N9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795022"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795022"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H40O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Testosterone_Enanthate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9464"}]}}{"C2660":{"preferredName":"Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine","code":"C2660","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is derived from the toxin released by the bacterium that causes the disease tetanus. It is used as a vaccine to prevent tetanus or to help boost the immune response to other vaccines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A preparation of formaldehyde-deactivated toxin isolated from the bacterium Clostridium tetani. Tetanus toxoid is used for booster injection and can stimulate the production of antitoxin antibodies. This agent may be used as an adjuvant in cancer vaccines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Tetanus Toxoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"tetanus toxoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"722666"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0305062"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Tetanus Prophylaxis"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38508"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38508"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tetanus_Toxoid"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine"}]}}{"C866":{"preferredName":"Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate","code":"C866","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of leukemias and lymphomas. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Tetradecanoylphorbol acetate affects many cell actions and may cause tumor cells to die. It is a type of phorbol ester.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A phorbol ester with potential antineoplastic effects. Tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA) induces maturation and differentiation of hematopoietic cell lines, including leukemic cells. This agent may induce gene expression and protein kinase C (PKC) activity. In addition to potential antineoplastic effects, TPA may exhibit tumor promoting activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lonomycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHORBOL 12-MYRISTATE 13-ACETATE DIESTER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PMA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phorbol Myristate Acetate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TPA (Phorbol Ester)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tetradecanoylphorbol acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"262244"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039654"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"16561-29-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NI40JAQ945"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43661"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43661"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C36H56O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tetradecanoylphorbol_Acetate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:37537"}]}}{"C868":{"preferredName":"Tetrahydrouridine","code":"C868","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that makes tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy and is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called cytidine deaminase inhibitors, multidrug resistance modulators, and radiosensitizers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside analogue with biomodulating activity. Tetrahydrouridine increases the efficacy of the radiosensitizer cytochlor (5-chloro-2'-deoxycytidine) by inhibiting the enzyme deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP) deaminase and preventing the premature deamination of the cytochlor metabolite 5-chloro-2'-deoxycytidine monophosphate (CldCMP) to 5-chloro-2'-deoxyuridine monophosphate (CldUMP); in turn, this increases tumor concentrations of CldUMP which is then further anabolized and incorporated selectively into tumor DNA as CldU (5-chloro-2'-deoxyuridine). (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2(1H)-pyrimidinone, tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TETRAHYDROURIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"THU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetrahydrouridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tetrahydrouridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetrahydrouridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"tetrahydrouridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"112907"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039677"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"18771-50-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0NIZ8H6OL8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39710"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39710"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tetrahydrouridine"}]}}{"C88344":{"preferredName":"Fimaporfin A","code":"C88344","definitions":[{"description":"The A isomer of fimaporfin, a synthetic light-activated compound, with potential photosensitizing activity. Upon administration, fimaporfin A incorporates into the cell's endosome and lysosome membranes. Subsequently, cytotoxic agents are administered and accumulate in endosomal and lysosomal compartments; upon local activation by light, fimaporfin A produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen, damaging endo/lysosomal membranes and accumulated cytotoxic agents are released into the tumor cell cytosol. This photochemical internalization (PCI) method can enhance the efficacy and selectivity of cytotoxic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amphinex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Disulfonated Tetraphenylchlorin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIMAPORFIN A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fimaporfin A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPCS2a","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetraphenyl Chlorin Disulfonate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413542"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"501083-97-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P4BBY8S91N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658036"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"658036"}]}}{"C160684":{"preferredName":"Tetrathiomolybdate","code":"C160684","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable metal copper (Cu) chelator, with potential antiangiogenic, anti-metastatic and antitumor activities. Upon oral administration, tetrathiomolybdate (TM) targets and binds to copper and food protein in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, thereby forming stable complexes and preventing copper uptake and reabsorption. Additionally, absorbed free TM targets and binds to copper and serum albumin in the bloodstream. This depletes systemic copper reserves and deprives the tumor microenvironment (TME) from copper. Chelation of copper by TM downregulates the expression of angiogenic factors of which copper is a cofactor, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and prevents the production of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB). Copper deprivation also inhibits the activity and levels of copper-dependent angiogenic enzymes, such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR). This modulates the activity of VEGFR-positive endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) that are necessary for metastasis. EPC deficiency results in the inhibition of angiogenesis and prevents metastasis. TM also inhibits the activities of other copper-containing metalloenzymes, including superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in endothelial cells, cytochrome C oxidase, vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1), antioxidant 1 copper chaperone (ATOX-1) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). Inhibition of these enzymes interferes with the activation of several signal transduction pathways required for cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. TM also inhibits the activity and levels of lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2; lysyl oxidase homolog 2), a copper dependent amine oxidase that is critical for modeling the pre-metastatic niche and promotes metastasis, tumor cell migration and invasiveness. In addition, copper depletion also attenuates the activation of host cells within the tumor microenvironment including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), modulates tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and promotes cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCRIS 9412","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Molybdate(2-), Tetrathioxo-, (T-4)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIOMOLIBDATE ION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetrathiomolybdate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tetrathiomolybdate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetrathioxomolybdate(2-)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969619"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"16330-92-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"91U3TGV99T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1539":{"preferredName":"Tezacitabine","code":"C1539","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that belongs to a family of drugs called ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Phosphorylated by cellular kinases, tezacitabine is converted into its active diphosphate and triphosphate metabolites. Tezacitabine diphosphate binds to and irreversibly inhibits the activity of the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), which may result in the inhibition of DNA synthesis in tumor cells and tumor cell apoptosis. Tezacitabine triphosphate acts as a substrate for DNA polymerase, further compromising DNA replication. This agent is relatively resistant to metabolic deactivation by cytidine deaminase. RNR catalyzes the conversion of ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphates to deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphates necessary for DNA synthesis and is overexpressed in many tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2'-Deoxy-2'-(fluoromethylene)cytidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FMdC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDL 101,731","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDL 101,731","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TEZACITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tezacitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0253087"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"171176-43-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UCC4EQS7WL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354256"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"354256"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H12FN3O4.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tezacitabine"}]}}{"C95916":{"preferredName":"Tezacitabine Anhydrous","code":"C95916","definitions":[{"description":"The anhydrous form of tezacitabine, a synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Phosphorylated by cellular kinases, tezacitabine is converted into its active diphosphate and triphosphate metabolites. Tezacitabine diphosphate binds to and irreversibly inhibits the activity of the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), which may result in the inhibition of DNA synthesis in tumor cells and eventually tumor cell apoptosis. Tezacitabine triphosphate acts as a substrate for DNA polymerase, thereby further inhibiting DNA replication. RNR catalyzes the conversion of ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphates to deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphates, a necessary step for DNA synthesis, and is overexpressed in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2'-Deoxy-2'-(fluoromethylene)cytidine Anhydrous","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FMdC Anhydrous","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEZACITABINE ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tezacitabine Anhydrous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272436"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"130306-02-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7607Y95N9S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H12FN3O4"}]}}{"C160258":{"preferredName":"TGF-beta Receptor 1 Inhibitor PF-06952229","code":"C160258","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFbR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TGF-betaR1 inhibitor PF-06952229 specifically targets and binds to TGFbR1, which prevents TGFbR1-mediated signal transduction. This abrogates TGFbR1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor cell death. This may lead to a reduction in TGFbR1-dependent proliferation of cancer cells. The TGFb signaling pathway is often deregulated in tumors and plays a key role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, invasion, and angiogenesis. It plays a key role in immunosuppression in the TME.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PF 06952229","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06952229","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF06952229","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGF-beta Receptor 1 Inhibitor PF-06952229","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TGF-beta Receptor 1 Inhibitor PF-06952229","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFbR1 Inhibitor PF-06952229","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969270"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798316"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798316"}]}}{"C29483":{"preferredName":"TGFa-PE38 Immunotoxin ","code":"C29483","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of brain tumors. It combines a protein that binds to certain tumor cells with a bacterial toxin that kills tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant, chimeric toxin composed of human transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) fused to a fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE38) without its cell-binding domain. The TGF-alpha moiety of the agent attaches to tumor cells expressing the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR); the exotoxin induces caspase-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage; it also catalyzes the transfer of ADP ribose from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to elongation factor-2 in eukaryotic cells, thereby inactivating elongation factor 2 and inhibiting protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervene","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFa-PE38 Immunotoxin ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP-38","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP-38 immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"726586"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328109"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346468"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"346468"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TP-38"}]}}{"C132013":{"preferredName":"TGFbeta Inhibitor LY3200882","code":"C132013","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable agent that targets transforming growth factor-beta (TGFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, LY3200882 specifically targets and binds to TGFb, which prevents both the binding of TGFb to its receptor TGFbR and TGFb-mediated signal transduction. This may lead to a reduction in TGFb-dependent proliferation of cancer cells. The TGFb signaling pathway is often deregulated in tumors, and plays a key role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, invasion, angiogenesis, and various immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LY 3200882","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3200882","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFb Inhibitor LY 3200882","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFbeta Inhibitor LY3200882","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TGFbeta Inhibitor LY3200882","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520999"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787604"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787604"}]}}{"C159817":{"preferredName":"TGFbeta Receptor Ectodomain-IgG Fc Fusion Protein AVID200","code":"C159817","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein composed of the ectodomain of the transforming growth factor (TGF) beta (TGF-beta; TGFb) receptor fused to the human immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic, immunomodulating and anti-fibrotic activities. Upon administration of the TGFb receptor ectodomain-IgG Fc fusion protein AVID200, the fusion protein specifically and selectively targets, binds to and neutralizes the TGF ligands TGF-beta isoform 1 (TGFb1) and 3 (TGFb3). This prevents TGF ligands from binding to TGF receptors and prevents TGFb-mediated signaling. This abrogates TGFb1/3-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor cell death. This may lead to a reduction in TGFb-dependent proliferation of cancer cells. By preventing TGFb1/3-mediated signaling, AVID200 also prevents bone marrow fibrosis and promotes the proliferation of normal hematopoietic progenitors. TGFb, overproduced in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and in many other types of cancer, plays a key role in immunosuppression in the TME, enhances tumor cell proliferation, and promotes cancer progression. The TGFb1 and TGFb3 isoforms are negative regulators of hematopoiesis that play key roles in the pathogenesis and progression of fibrotic diseases. By selectively targeting only specific isoforms of TGFb with minimal activity against TGFb2, AVID200 minimizes the potential for cardiotoxicity and promotion of metastasis. The TGFb2 isoform promotes hematopoiesis and plays a key role in normal cardiac function while the inhibition of the TGFb2 isoform promotes metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVID 200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVID-200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AVID-200","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AVID200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGF-beta 1/3 Inhibitor AVID200","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFb Inhibitor AVID200","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFbeta Ligand Trap AVID200","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFbeta Receptor Ectodomain-IgG Fc Fusion Protein AVID200","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TGFbeta Receptor Ectodomain-IgG Fc Fusion Protein AVID200","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFbeta-neutralizing Agent AVID200","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL951620"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6EX05GL2VK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797961"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797961"}]}}{"C869":{"preferredName":"Thalicarpine","code":"C869","definitions":[{"description":"A natural aporphine benzylisoquinoline vinca alkaloid with antineoplastic activity. Thalicarpine binds to and inhibits p-glycoprotein, the multidrug resistance efflux pump. Thalicarpine also induces single-strand breaks in DNA and arrests cancer cells at the G2/M and G1 phase of the cell cycle. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4H-Dibenzo[de,g]quinoline, 5,6,6a, 7-tetrahydro-9-[4,5-dimethoxy-2-[(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6, 7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolinyl)methyl]phenoxy]-1,2, 10-trimethoxy-6-methyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4H-Dibenzo[de,g]quinoline, 5,6,6a, 7-tetrahydro-9-[4,5-dimethoxy-2-[(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6, 7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolinyl)methyl]phenoxy]-1,2,10-trimethoxy-6-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4H-Dibenzo[de,g]quinoline, 9-[4, 5-dimethoxy-2-[(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6, 7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolinyl)methyl]phenoxy]-5,6,6a, 7-tetrahydro-1,2,10-trimethoxy-6-methyl-, [S-(R*,R*)]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline, 9-[4, 5-dimethoxy-2-[(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6, 7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolinyl)methyl]phenoxy]-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-1,2,10-trimethoxy-6-methyl-, [S-(R*,R*)]- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6a-Alpha-aporphine, 9-[[4, 5-dimethoxy-alpha-(1beta,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6, 7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolyl)-o-tolyl]oxy]-1,2, 10-trimethoxy- (8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6a-Alpha-aporphine, 9-[[4,5-dimethoxy-alpha-((S)-1,2,3, 4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolyl)-o-tolyl]oxy]-1, 2,10-trimethoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6a.alpha.-Aporphine, 9-[[4, 5-dimethoxy-.alpha.-(1.beta.,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6, 7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolyl)-o-tolyl]oxy]-1,2, 10-trimethoxy- (8CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6a.alpha.-Aporphine, 9-[[4,5-dimethoxy-.alpha.-((S)-1,2,3, 4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolyl)-o-tolyl]oxy]-1, 2,10-trimethoxy-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"THALICARPINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Taliblastine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thaliblastine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thaliblastine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thalicarpin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thalicarpin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thalicarpine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thalicarpine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"[S-(R*,R*)]-9-[4,5-dimethoxy-2-[(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolinyl)-methyl]phenoxy]-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-1,2,10-trimethoxy-6-methyl-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"68075"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039735"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5373-42-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8X1D791RF6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39712"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39712"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C41H48N2O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thalicarpine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9509"}]}}{"C870":{"preferredName":"Thalidomide","code":"C870","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat multiple myeloma in patients who have just been diagnosed, and a painful skin disease related to leprosy. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Thalomid belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of glutamic acid (alpha-phthalimido-glutarimide) with teratogenic, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties. Thalidomide acts primarily by inhibiting both the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in stimulated peripheral monocytes and the activities of interleukins and interferons. This agent also inhibits polymorphonuclear chemotaxis and monocyte phagocytosis. In addition, thalidomide inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), thereby inhibiting angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-Thalidomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"(-)-Thalidomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":".alpha.-Phthalimidoglutarimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2, 6-Dioxo-3-phthalimidopiperidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2,6-Dioxo-3-phthalimidopiperidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-(2,6-Dioxo-3-piperidinyl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Phthalimidoglutarimide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-Phthalimidoglutarimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Contergan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Contergan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Distaval","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Distaval","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Kevadon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kevadon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-(2,6-Dioxo-3-piperidyl)phthalimide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2,6-Dioxo-3-piperidyl)phthalimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-Phthaloylglutamimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-Phthaloylglutamimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Phthalylglutamic Acid Imide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Phthalylglutamic acid imide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Neurosedyn","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pantosediv","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pantosediv","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Phthalimide, N-(2, 6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)-, (+)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Phthalimide, N-(2, 6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)-, (-)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Sedalis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sedoval K-17","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Softenon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Softenon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Synovir","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THALIDOMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Talimol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Talimol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thalidomide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thalidomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Thalidomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thalidomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thalomid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thalomid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"thalidomide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"66847"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039736"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-35-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Aphthous stomatitis; Crohns disease; cutaneous manifestations of erythema nodosum leprosum; GVHD; HIV-associated wasting syndrome; Karposi sarcoma; lepromatous leprosy; multiple myeloma; mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculosis; primary brain tumors"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4Z8R6ORS6L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42332"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42332"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H10N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thalidomide"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9513"}]}}{"C162552":{"preferredName":"Xiliertinib","code":"C162552","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, ATP-competitive inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, xiliertinib binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, and may lead to both induction of cell death and inhibition of tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HMPL 309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL-309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HMPL309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theliatinib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XILIERTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Xiliertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971129"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1353644-70-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6ZZ3B7NZ0B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C2385":{"preferredName":"Theramide","code":"C2385","definitions":[{"description":"A lipophilic disaccharide derivative of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) with strong immunostimulating activity and used as a vaccine adjuvant. MDP, a component of bacterial cell wall, is the minimum chemical structure required for macrophage activation. Due to MDP's toxicity and short duration of action, theramide was developed with improved stability, and can be administered without a liposome carrier. Theramide stimulates macrophage activity, which in turn potentiates other immune responses, including the release of proinflammatory interleukins and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha). The release of these cytokines further augments the activation of cellular and humoral immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DTP-DPP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-acetylglucsamnmyl-N-acetylmuramyl-L-Al-D-isoglu-L-Ala-dipalmitoxy propylamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theramide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281665"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42146"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42146"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Theramide"}]}}{"C68962":{"preferredName":"Therapeutic Angiotensin-(1-7)","code":"C68962","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. Therapeutic angiotensin-(1-7) is a hormone that is made in the laboratory, and helps control blood pressure. It may stop the growth of some types of cancer cells and may stop the growth of blood vessels needed by tumors to grow. It is a type of antiproliferative agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic heptapeptide identical to endogenous angiotensin-(1-7) with vasodilator and antiproliferative activities. Therapeutic angiotensin 1-7 may inhibit cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and the production of proinflammatory prostaglandins and may activate the angiotensin-(1-7) receptor Mas, resulting in diminished tumor cell proliferation. Activation of the angiotensin-(1-7) receptor Mas, a G-protein coupled, seven transmembrane protein, may down-regulate the phosphorylation and activation of Erk1 and Erk2 in the Erk1/Erk2 MAPK signaling pathway. In the renin-angiotensin system, the vasodilating activity of angiotensin- (1-7), hydrolysed from angiotensin II by the type I transmembrane metallopeptidase and carboxypeptidase angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in vivo, counteracts the vasoconstricting activity of angiotensin II.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANGIOTENSIN 1-7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ang 1-7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiotensin 1-7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TXA 127","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TXA-127","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TXA127","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Angiotensin-(1-7)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Angiotensin-(1-7)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"therapeutic angiotensin-(1-7)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0103306"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51833-78-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IJ3FUK8MOF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543940"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"543940"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Angiotensin_1-7"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:55438"}]}}{"C91077":{"preferredName":"Therapeutic Breast/Ovarian/Prostate Peptide Cancer Vaccine DPX-0907","code":"C91077","definitions":[{"description":"A lipid-based multi-peptide cancer vaccine targeted against multiple cancers with immunopotentiating activity. Therapeutic breast/ovarian/prostate peptide cancer vaccine DPX-0907 is a lyophilized liposomal proprietary preparation comprised of 7 tumor-specific HLA-A2-restricted epitopes (TAAs): Topoisomerase II alpha, B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 (CDM protein), TNF-alpha-converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM17), Abelson homolog 2 (Abl2), gamma catenin (Junction plakoglobin), epithelial discoidin domain receptor 1 (EDDR1) and integrin beta 8 subunit. Upon vaccination, the lyophilized antigen/adjuvant/liposome complex is re-suspended in Montanide 1SA51 VG to create a depot effect, thereby presenting the TAAs to the immune system for a prolonged period of time. This may stimulate a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against cancer cells that express these 7 TAAs and share epitopes with the vaccine epitope peptides, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The 7 TAAs are overexpressed on the surface of breast/ovarian and prostate cancer cells and play an important role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DPX-0907","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Breast/Ovarian/Prostate Peptide Cancer Vaccine DPX-0907","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Breast/Ovarian/Prostate Peptide Cancer Vaccine DPX-0907","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984018"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670456"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670456"}]}}{"C478":{"preferredName":"Therapeutic Estradiol","code":"C478","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic form of estradiol, a steroid sex hormone vital to the maintenance of fertility and secondary sexual characteristics in females, that may be used as hormone replacement therapy. Typically esterified, estradiol derivatives are formulated for oral, intravaginal, transdermal, or parenteral administration. As the primary, most potent estrogen hormone produced by the ovaries, estradiol binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors. Estradiol exhibits mild anabolic and metabolic properties, and increases blood coagulability. It may play a role in immune and inflammatory processes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(17beta)-Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"17 Beta-Estradiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aquadiol","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aquadiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Climara","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimenformon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimenformon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Diogyn","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diogyn","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Diogynets","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diogynets","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ESTRADIOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Estrace","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Estrace","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Estraldine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Estraldine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oestradiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ovocylin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovocylin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Progynon","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Progynon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Estradiol","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Estradiol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vagifem","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"20293"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"9895"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699359"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-28-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4TI98Z838E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39236"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39236"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H24O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Estradiol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:16469"}]}}{"C555":{"preferredName":"Therapeutic Hydrocortisone","code":"C555","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to relieve the symptoms of certain hormone shortages and to suppress an immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic or semisynthetic analog of natural hydrocortisone hormone produced by the adrenal glands with primary glucocorticoid and minor mineralocorticoid effects. As a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, hydrocortisone promotes protein catabolism, gluconeogenesis, capillary wall stability, renal excretion of calcium, and suppresses immune and inflammatory responses. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(11beta)-11,17,21-Trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aeroseb-HC","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aeroseb-HC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Barseb HC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Barseb-HC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetacort","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cetacort","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cort-Dome","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cort-Dome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cortef","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortef","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cortenema","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortenema","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cortifan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cortifan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortisol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortispray","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortispray","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Cortril","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortril","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dermacort","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Domolene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eldecort","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eldecort","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"HYDROCORTISONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hautosone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heb-Cort","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Heb-Cort","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrocortisone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Hydrocortisone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hydrocortisone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrocortone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hytone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Komed-HC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nutracort","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proctocort","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Hydrocortisone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Hydrocortisone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hydrocortisone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"10483"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"10482"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020268"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50-23-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WI4X0X7BPJ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39274"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39274"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H30O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapeutic_Hydrocortisone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:17650"}]}}{"C151942":{"preferredName":"Therapeutic Liver Cancer Peptide Vaccine IMA970A","code":"C151942","definitions":[{"description":"An off-the-shelf hepatocellular cancer (HCC) multi-peptide-based therapeutic vaccine composed of sixteen peptides derived from tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressed by hepatic tumor cells, of which seven are restricted to human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 (HLA-A*02), five to HLA-A*24 and four to HLA class II, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of the therapeutic liver cancer peptide vaccine IMA970A, the liver-specific peptides in the vaccine activate the immune system to exert both CD4+ T-helper and CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune responses against liver cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HCC Vaccine IMA970A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMA970A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Liver Cancer Peptide Vaccine IMA970A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553170"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793143"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793143"}]}}{"C92589":{"preferredName":"Thiarabine","code":"C92589","definitions":[{"description":"A analog of antimetabolite cytarabine (ara-C), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, thiarabine (T-araC) is phosphorylated to the triphosphate form T-araCTP and competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA. This results in an inhibition of DNA replication and RNA synthesis, chain termination and may eventually decrease tumor cell proliferation. Compared to ara-C, T-araC appears to have a longer half-life and has a higher efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-thio-araC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS7836","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSI-7836","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THIARABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Thiarabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thiarabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0915967"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YCO2764D5Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675426"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"675426"}]}}{"C75295":{"preferredName":"Thiodiglycol","code":"C75295","definitions":[{"description":"A hydrolysis product of mustard gas, an alkylating agent, with antineoplastic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THIODIGLYCOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Thiodiethylene Glycol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiodiglycol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"beta-Hydroxyethyl Sulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"6289"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0045267"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"111-48-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9BW5T43J04"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H10O2S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thiodiglycol"}]}}{"C876":{"preferredName":"Thioguanine","code":"C876","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic guanosine analogue antimetabolite. Phosphorylated by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, thioguanine incorporates into DNA and RNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses and cell death. This agent also inhibits glutamine-5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase, thereby inhibiting purine synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Amino 6MP","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Amino 6MP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2-Amino-1,7-dihydro-6H-purine-6-thione","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"2-Amino-1,7-dihydro-6H-purine-6-thione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Amino-6-mercaptopurine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Amino-6-mercaptopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2-Amino-6-purinethiol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Amino-6-purinethiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2-Aminopurin-6-thiol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Aminopurin-6-thiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2-Aminopurine-6(1H)-thione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Aminopurine-6(1H)-thione","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2-Aminopurine-6-thiol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Aminopurine-6-thiol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2-Aminopurine-6-thiol Hemihydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Mercapto-6-aminopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6 Mercaptoguanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6 Thioguanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Amino-2-mercaptopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Mercapto-2-aminopurine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Mercapto-2-aminopurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Mercaptoguanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-TG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-Thioguanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6H-Purine-6-thione, 2-amino-1,7-dihydro- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6H-Purine-6-thione, 2-amino-1,7-dihydro- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"BW 5071","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BW 5071","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Lanvis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lanvis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"THIOGUANINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tabloid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tabloid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thioguanine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thioguanine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thioguanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thioguanine Hemihydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thioguanine Hydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tioguanin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tioguanin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tioguanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tioguanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WR-1141","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wellcome U3B","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wellcome U3B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"X 27","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X 27","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"thioguanine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"752"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039902"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5580-03-0"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154-42-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FTK8U1GZNX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43669"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43669"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H5N5S.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thioguanine"}]}}{"C61970":{"preferredName":"Thioguanine Anhydrous","code":"C61970","definitions":[{"description":"The anhydrous salt form of thioguanine, a synthetic guanosine analogue antimetabolite, with antineoplastic activity. Thioguanine is phosphorylated by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase to 6-thioguanylic acid (TGMP) and upon conversion to thioguanosine diphosphate (TGDP) and thioguanosine triphosphate (TGTP), this agent is incorporated into DNA and RNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and cell death. This agent also inhibits glutamine-5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase, thereby inhibiting purine ribonulceotide synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"THIOGUANINE ANHYDROUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Thioguanine Anhydrous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883309"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"154-42-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WIX31ZPX66"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H5N5S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thioguanine_Anhydrous"}]}}{"C877":{"preferredName":"Thioinosine","code":"C877","definitions":[{"description":"A sulfhydryl analog of inosine and an antimetabolite with potential antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. Thioinosine interferes with de novo purine synthesis and perturbs the pool of nucleotides necessary for DNA replication. As a result, this agent inhibits DNA synthesis, blocks cellular proliferation and induces apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Mercaptopurine ribonucleoside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-Mercaptopurine riboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"6-mercaptopurine ribonucleoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-mercaptopurine riboside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mercaptopurine Riboside","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THIOINOSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Thioinosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thioinosine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"inosine, 6-thio","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ribosyl-6-mercaptopurine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"4911"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039904"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"574-25-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"46S541971T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39496"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39496"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H12N4O4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thioinosine"}]}}{"C74082":{"preferredName":"Thioredoxin-1 Inhibitor PX-12","code":"C74082","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Thioredoxin-1 inhibitor PX-12 irreversibly binds to thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) and inhibits its activity, which may result in growth inhibition and the induction of apoptosis. Overexpressed in many cancer cell types, the low molecular weight redox protein Trx-1 regulates transcription factor activity and inhibits apoptosis, promoting cell growth and survival; it also interacts with growth factors extracellularly to stimulate cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Methylpropyl 2-Imidazolyl Disulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PX-12","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thioredoxin-1 Inhibitor PX-12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thioredoxin-1 Inhibitor PX-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0960559"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590656"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"590656"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thioredoxin-1_Inhibitor_PX-12"}]}}{"C875":{"preferredName":"Thiotepa","code":"C875","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A polyfunctional, organophosphorus alkylating agent and a stable derivative of N,N',N''-triethylenephosphoramide (TEPA), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, thiotepa is converted into highly reactive ethylenimine groups, which covalently bind to nucleophilic groups in DNA and demonstrate a preference for the N7 position of guanine bases. This induces crosslinking of alkylated guanine bases in double-stranded DNA, interferes with both DNA replication and cell division, and results in both the induction of apoptosis and the inhibition of cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,1',1\"-phosphinothioylidynetrisaziridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,1',1''-Phosphinothioyldynetrisaziridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,1',1''-Phosphinothioylidynetrisaziridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Girostan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N,N', N''-Triethylenethiophosphoramide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N,N',N''-triethylenethiophosphoramide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncotiotepa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"STEPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TESPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TESPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"THIOTEPA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TIO TEF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TSPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tepadina","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tepadina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tespamin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tespamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thio-Tepa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thiofosfamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiofozil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thiophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thiophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiophosphoramide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thioplex","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiotef","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thiotepa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thiotepa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Thiotepa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiotepa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Thiotepa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tifosyl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tio-tef","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triethylene Thiophosphoramide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triethylene thiophosphoramide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triethylenethiophosphoramide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine sulfide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"WR 45312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"thiotepa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"triethylenethiophosphoramide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine sulfide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"6396"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039871"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52-24-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Bladder cancer; Breast cancer; Ovarian cancer; Hodgkins lymphoma; Non-hodgkins lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"905Z5W3GKH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42933"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42933"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H12N3PS"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thiotepa"}]}}{"C102881":{"preferredName":"Thioureidobutyronitrile","code":"C102881","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, small molecule and activator of the tumor suppressor protein p53, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, thioureidobutyronitrile activates p53 which in turn induces the expressions of p21 and PUMA (p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis), thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth and causing tumor cell apoptosis. Thioureidobutyronitrile may be effective in drug-resistant cancers with mutated p53. p53 tumor suppressor, a transcription factor regulating the expression of many stress response genes and mediating various anti-proliferative processes, is often mutated in cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-ISOTHIOUREIDOBUTYRONITRILE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"4-Isothioureidobutyronitrile","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbamimidothioic Acid, 3-Cyanopropyl Ester","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kevetrin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thioureidobutyronitrile","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thioureidobutyronitrile","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437184"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C3059TG1KN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739050"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"739050"}]}}{"C88275":{"preferredName":"THL-P","code":"C88275","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, oral Chinese medicinal herb preparation with potential antioxidant, immunomodulating, and antineoplastic activities. THL-P (Tien-Hsien Liquid-P) contains fourteen Chinese medicinal herbs including: Cordyceps sinensis, Oldenlandia diffusa, Indigo pulverata levis, Polyporus umbellatus, Radix astragali, Panax ginseng, Solanum nigrum L., Pogostemon cablin, Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma, Trichosanthes radix, Clematis radix, Margarite, Ligustrum lucidum Ait and Glycyrrhiza radix. Administered as an oral liquid, THL-P may modulate the activity of natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and enhance the secretion of interleukins (ILs) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). This agent may also induce G2/M cell cycle arrest and downregulate several important oncogenic signaling pathways.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"THL-P","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412464"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655959"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655959"}]}}{"C155977":{"preferredName":"Thorium Th 227 Anetumab Corixetan","code":"C155977","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of anetumab, a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin, conjugated to the chelating agent corixetan, and labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope thorium Th 227, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of thorium Th 227 anetumab corixetan, the anetumab moiety binds to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin, delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to cells expressing mesothelin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"227Th Anetumab Corixetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANETUMAB CORIXETAN THORIUM TH-227","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BAY 2287411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY2287411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium Th 227 Anetumab Corixetan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thorium Th 227 Anetumab Corixetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium Th 227 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2287411","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium-227 Labeled Anetumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium-227 Labeled Antibody-chelator Conjugate BAY2287411","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562713"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2222980-98-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"22OG9ZC9MN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795118"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795118"}]}}{"C128288":{"preferredName":"Threonine Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CFI-402257","code":"C128288","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the dual specificity protein kinase TTK (monopolar spindle 1 kinase, Mps1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the Mps1 inhibitor CFI-402257 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of Mps1. This inactivates the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and accelerates mitosis, which results in chromosomal misalignment and missegregation, and mitotic checkpoint complex destabilization. This induces cell death in Mps1-overexpressing cancer cells. Mps1, a tyrosine and serine/threonine kinase expressed in proliferating normal tissues, is essential for proper SAC functioning and chromosome alignment. Overexpressed in various human tumors, Mps1 plays a key role in uncontrolled tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CFI-402257","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSP1 Inhibitor CFI-402257","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-cyclopropyl-4-(7-((((1s,3s)-3-hydroxy-3-methylcyclobutyl)methyl)amino)-5-(pyridin-2-yloxy)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-2-methylbenzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTK Inhibitor CFI-402257","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Threonine Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CFI-402257","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507939"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1610759-22-2"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782180"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782180"}]}}{"C116720":{"preferredName":"Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor DFP-11207","code":"C116720","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DFP-11207 binds to and inhibits TS. This reduces thymine nucleotide synthesis, inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division, causes DNA damage and leads to tumor cell apoptosis. TS catalyzes the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DFP-11207","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TS Inhibitor DFP-11207","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor DFP-11207","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473914"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762603"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762603"}]}}{"C1294":{"preferredName":"Thymopentin","code":"C1294","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic pentapeptide which is the active site of the naturally occurring hormone thymopoietin with immunomodulating properties. Thymopentin enhances the production of thymic T cells and may help restore immunocompetence in immunosuppressed subjects. This agent also augments the effects of ionizing radiation by arresting cancer cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunox","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mepentil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mepentil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-(N-(N-(N(2)-L-Arginyl-L-Lysyl)-L-alpha-Aspartyl)-L-Valyl)-L-Tyrosine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[N-[N-(N{2}-L-Arginyl-L-lysyl)-L-alpha-aspartyl]-L-valyl]-L-tyrosine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"ORF-15244","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sintomodulina","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THYMOPENTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Thymopentin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymopentin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Timunox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"645363"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0080225"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"69558-55-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O3Y80ZF13F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41655"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41655"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H49N9O9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thymopentin"}]}}{"C2565":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Extract","code":"C2565","definitions":[{"description":"An animal source of thyroid used in hormonal replacement therapy. Thyroid extract or desiccated thyroid contains both levothyroxine (thyroxine or T4) and liothyronine (triiodothyronine or T3). Levothyroxine is deiodinated in the peripheral tissues to produce increased levels of its active form, liothyronine (T3). Thyroid hormones play an important role in the regulation of cellular respiration, thermogenesis, cellular growth and differentiation as well as regulating the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Armour Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Levothyroxine/Liothyronine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0718658"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39301"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39301"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroid_Extract"}]}}{"C1254":{"preferredName":"Tiazofurin","code":"C1254","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug being studied to stop cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic nucleoside analogue with antineoplastic activity. Tiazofurin (TR) is anabolized intracellularly to an analogue of NAD, tiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a potent inhibitor of IMP dehydrogenase (IMPDH); IMPDH is the rate-limiting enzyme for de novo purine synthesis. Inhibition of IMPDH results in reduced levels of guanylates, resulting in the inhibition tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-.beta.-D-Ribofuranosyl-4-thiazolecarboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2-.beta.-D-Ribofuranosylthiazole-4-carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2-Beta-D-ribofuranosyl-4-thiazolecarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Beta-D-ribofuranosylthiazole-4-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Thiazolecarboxamide, 2-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"4-Thiazolecarboxamide, 2-Beta-D-ribofuranosyl- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Riboxamide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCAR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIAZOFURIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tiazofurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tiazofurine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tiazofurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"286193"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076656"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"60084-10-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ULJ82834RE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39717"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39717"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H12N2O5S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tiazofurin"}]}}{"C146820":{"preferredName":"Tidutamab","code":"C146820","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, Fc domain-containing, bispecific monoclonal antibody targeting human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on certain cancer cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tidutamab binds to both T-cells and SSTR2-expressing cancer cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the SSTR2-expressing cancer cells. The inclusion of an Fc domain on the antibody prolongs the half-life of the bispecific antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-SSTR2 x Anti-CD3 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb18087","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIDUTAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tidutamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tidutamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb 18087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb-18087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb18087","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544867"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2148354-90-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"88635FW2QX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792257"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792257"}]}}{"C78474":{"preferredName":"Tigapotide","code":"C78474","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic 15-mer peptide corresponding to amino acids 31-45 of the 94-amino acid isoform of human prostate secretory protein (PSP-94) with potential anti-metastasis and anti-angiogenesis activities. PSP-94-derived peptide PCK3145 may inhibit the secretion of the metastasis-related protein matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and its potential binding to its cell surface receptor CD44; may interfere with the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway, resulting in an anti-angiogenesis effect; and may reduce the levels of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), decreasing plasma calcium levels. PSP-94, one of three predominant proteins found in seminal fluid, may be down-regulated in prostate cancer, representing a potential survival mechanism for prostate cancer cells. MMP-9 is implicated in the invasion and metastasis of cancer. PTHrP may be expressed by various tumor cell types, resulting in the hypercalcemia of malignancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PCK3145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate-Secretory Protein-94-Derived Peptide PCK3145","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIGAPOTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tigapotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1670100"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"848084-83-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1WZ6S45S94"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600185"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600185"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C82H119N21O34S3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PSP-94-Derived_Synthetic_Peptide_PCK3145"}]}}{"C62482":{"preferredName":"Tigatuzumab","code":"C62482","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against human tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2) with potential antitumor activity. Mimicking the natural receptor ligand TRAIL, tigatuzumab binds to TRAIL-R2, activating signal transduction pathways that may result in tumor cell apoptosis and a reduction in tumor growth. A member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, TRAIL-R2, also known as DR5 (death receptor 5), is expressed on the surfaces of many types of malignant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-DR5 MoAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TRAIL-R2 MoAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-1008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIGATUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tigatuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tigatuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-[Homo sapiens TNFRSF10B (Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 10B, DR5, TRAIL-R2, CD262)] Humanized Monoclonal TRA-8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2973415"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"237GB6IDKO"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489323"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489323"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CS-1008"}]}}{"C140041":{"preferredName":"Vibostolimab","code":"C140041","definitions":[{"description":"An antagonistic agent targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT; T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains; T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vibostolimab targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs) and natural killer (NK) cells, thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5), which are expressed on T-cells, NK cells and certain cancer cells. This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as NK cells and CD8+ T-cells, and activates CD226-mediated signaling. This activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family and an immune inhibitory receptor, is overexpressed on tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T-cells and CD8+ TILs and plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MK 7684","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-7684","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK7684","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-cell Immunoglobulin and Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Inhibitory Motif Inhibitor MK-7684","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIGIT Inhibitor MK-7684","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIGIT-targeting Agent MK-7684","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VIBOSTOLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vibostolimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vibostolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538225"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2231305-30-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5XO3JF0FEK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791161"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791161"}]}}{"C1178":{"preferredName":"Tilarginine","code":"C1178","definitions":[{"description":"An amino acid derivative used to counteract high blood pressure caused by interleukin-2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pan-nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tilarginine binds to and inhibits NOS, a free radical signaling molecule that promotes angiogenesis, metastasis, and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Reduction in NOS activity may abrogate the immunosuppressive TME, enhance tumor antigen-specific immune response and inhibit tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L-NMMA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monomethylarginine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Methylarginine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N5-(Methylamidino)-L-ornithine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG-Monomethyl-L-Arginine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG-monomethyl-L-arginine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NMA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TILARGININE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Targinine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tilarginine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"omega-N-Monomethylarginine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"683245"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0069477"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"17035-90-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"27JT06E6GR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42258"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H16N4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"NG-Monomethyl-L-Arginine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28229"}]}}{"C125080":{"preferredName":"Tilsotolimod Sodium","code":"C125080","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt form of tilsotolimod, a proprietary synthetic oligonucleotide-based agonist of toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, tilsotolimod binds to and activates TLR9 expressed by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and B-cells. This initiates immune signaling pathways, activates B-cells and pDCs, and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. TLR9 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMO 2125","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMO-2125","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TILSOTOLIMOD SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TLR9 Agonist IMO-2125","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tilsotolimod Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tilsotolimod Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503920"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I6CNU8SY0F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777995"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777995"}]}}{"C2354":{"preferredName":"Timonacic","code":"C2354","definitions":[{"description":"A cyclic sulfur amino acid derivative with potential antineoplastic and antioxidant activities. Acting on cellular membranes of malignant cells through an unknown mechanism, timonacic may induce malignant cells to revert back to an untransformed state. This agent may also restore contact inhibition, a phenomenon characterized by the paracrine inhibition of mitosis following the formation of a critical cell mass, presumably the result of cell-to-cell signal transfer. Timonacic may also produce antioxidant effects secondary to its release of cysteine and restoration of glutathione concentrations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Thiazolidine Carboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-Thiazolidinecarboxylic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"4-Thiazolidinecarboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Detoxepa","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Detoxepa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Hepalidine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepalidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Heparegen","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIMONACIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Thiaproline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiazolidine Carboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiazolidine-4-carboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thiazolidinecarboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thioproline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Thioproline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tiazolidin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Timonacic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Timonacic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Timonacic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"25855"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076425"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"444-27-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"E5913T3IBL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39714"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39714"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C4H7NO2S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thiazolidine_Carboxylic_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64564"}]}}{"C1255":{"preferredName":"Tin Ethyl Etiopurpurin","code":"C1255","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is also used in cancer prevention. It belongs to the family of drugs called photosensitizing agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic purpurin with photosensitizing activity. Tin ethyl etiopurpurin preferentially accumulates in tumor cells due to an increased rate of metabolism. Upon exposure to a light source, this agent absorbs light, forming an extended high energy conformational state that produces high quantum yields of singlet oxygen with local cytotoxic effects. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DRG-0268","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SnET2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SnET2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Tin Ethyl Etiopurpurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tin, (ethyl tetramethyl-20-phorbinecarboxylato(2-)-N23,N24,N25,N26)-, (SP-4-2)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tin ethyl etiopurpurin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076691"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"113471-15-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42606"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42606"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tin_Ethyl_Etiopurpurin"}]}}{"C126105":{"preferredName":"Tinostamustine","code":"C126105","definitions":[{"description":"An alkylating histone-deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) fusion molecule composed of the alkylating agent bendamustine fused to the pan-HDACi vorinostat, with potential bi-functional antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of tinostamustine the vorinostat moiety targets and binds to HDACs. This leads to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, which results in an induction of chromatin remodeling, a modulation of gene expression, an inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The bendamustine moiety binds to, alkylates and crosslinks macromolecules, inhibiting DNA, RNA and protein synthesis, which also results in tumor cell apoptosis. Thus, tinostamustine shows superior efficacy compared to the activity of either agent alone. In addition, the inhibition of HDAC6 activity by tinostamustine induces the activation of inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE-1), the key regulatory protein for the unfolded protein response (UPR). Induction of the UPR increases the sensitivity of certain cancer cell types to certain chemotherapeutic agents, such as proteasome inhibitors. Therefore, tinostamustine may work synergistically with proteasome inhibitors. HDACs, enzymes that deacetylate chromatin histone proteins, are overexpressed in various cancers and play a key role in proliferation and resistance of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Benzimidazole-2-heptanamide, 5-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)-N-hydroxy-1-methyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"7-(5-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-N-hydroxyheptanamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDO-S 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDO-S-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDO-S101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TINOSTAMUSTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tinostamustine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tinostamustine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504700"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1236199-60-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"29DKI2H2NY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779305"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779305"}]}}{"C60810":{"preferredName":"Tinzaparin Sodium","code":"C60810","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used with another drug, warfarin, to treat blood clots that form deep in the veins and to prevent new blood clots from forming. It is a type of anticoagulant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sodium salt of a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), obtained by controlled enzymatic depolymerization of heparin from porcine intestinal mucosa, with antithrombotic properties. Tinzaparin is a potent inhibitor of several activated coagulation factors, especially Factors Xa and IIa (thrombin); its primary activity is mediated through the plasma protease inhibitor antithrombin. In addition, this agent may inhibit angiogenesis through: 1) competitive binding of the heparin-binding sites on endothelial cells for the proangiogenic cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and beta-fibroblast growth factor (beta-FGF) and 2) increasing the release of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), a negative regulator of angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enzyme Depolymerized Heparin (MW 6500)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inno-hep","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Innohep","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Innohep","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LNH-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Logiparin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TINZAPARIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tinzaparin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tinzaparin Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tinzaparin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tinzaparin Sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tinzaparin Sodium Injection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tinzaparin sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0354599"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9041-08-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Treatment of acute symptomatic deep venous thrombosis (DVT) with or without a pulmonary embolism (PE), in conjunction with warfarin."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"3S182ET3UA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467737"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467737"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"(C14H18NO11)n.2(C12H15NO13S)n.3Na.3O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tinzaparin"}]}}{"C74001":{"preferredName":"Tiomolibdate Diammonium","code":"C74001","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of many types of cancer. Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate removes extra copper from the body. Removing the copper may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow and may kill cancer cells. Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate is a type of chelating agent and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An ammonium salt with potential antiangiogenic and antitumor activities. Tetrathiomolybdate has been found to deplete systemic copper reserves through an unknown mechanism. This agent has been shown to inhibit the activities of cuproenzymes, including superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and cytochrome c oxidase (COX), which may contribute to its antiangiogenic and antitumor effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATTM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ammonium Molybdenum Sulfide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ammonium Tetrathiomolybdate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coprexa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diammonium Tetrathiomolybdate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Molybdate(2-), Tetrathioxo-, Ammonium (1:2), (T-4)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Molybdate(2-), Tetrathioxo-, Diammonium, (T-4)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIOMOLIBDATE DIAMMONIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tiomolibdate Diammonium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ammonium tetrathiomolybdate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"714598"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"286644"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076339"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"15060-55-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4V6I63LW1E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467218"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"467218"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"MoS4.2H4N"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ammonium_Tetrathiomolybdate"}]}}{"C88326":{"preferredName":"Tipapkinogene Sovacivec","code":"C88326","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine comprised of a modified, replication-defective, vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) strain encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) subtypes E6 and E7, and human interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with tipapkinogene sovacivec stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HPV16 E6 and E7, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Expression of IL-2 augments the specific CTL response against HPV16 E6- and E7-expressing tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV16 E6/E7-encoding MVA Vaccine TG4001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-HPV-IL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-HPV16E6/E7-IL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R3484","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG3484","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5217790","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG 4001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-4001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG4001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tipapkinogene Sovacivec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tipapkinogene Sovacivec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413588"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661166"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"661166"}]}}{"C1703":{"preferredName":"Tipifarnib","code":"C1703","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called farnesyltransferase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nonpeptidomimetic quinolinone with potential antineoplastic activity. Tipifarnib binds to and inhibits the enzyme farnesyl protein transferase, an enzyme involved in protein processing (farnesylation) for signal transduction. By inhibiting the farnesylation of proteins, this agent prevents the activation of Ras oncogenes, inhibits cell growth, induces apoptosis, and inhibits angiogenesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+)-6-[Amino(4-chlorophenyl)(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-2(1H)-quinolinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R115777","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R115777","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TIPIFARNIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tipifarnib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tipifarnib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Tipifarnib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zarnestra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zarnestra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"tipifarnib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"702818"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1176289"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"192185-72-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MAT637500A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42626"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42626"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H22Cl2N4O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tipifarnib"}]}}{"C102876":{"preferredName":"Tirabrutinib","code":"C102876","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available formulation containing an inhibitor of Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tirabrutinib covalently binds to BTK within B cells, thereby preventing B cell receptor signaling and impeding B cell development. As a result, this agent may inhibit the proliferation of B cell malignancies. BTK, a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase and member of the Tec family of kinases, plays an important role in B lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-Amino-9-((3R)-1-(2-butynoyl)-3-pyrrolidinyl)-7-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7,9-dihydro-8H-purin-8-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8H-Purin-8-one,6-amino-7,9-dihydro-9-((3R)-1-(1-oxo-2-butyn-1-yl)-3-pyrrolidinyl)-7-(4-phenoxyphenyl)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-4059","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO-4059","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONO4059","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIRABRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tirabrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tirabrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640989"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1351636-18-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LXG44NDL2T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"738477"}]}}{"C131291":{"preferredName":"Tiragolumab","code":"C131291","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, tiragolumab binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like 5; NECL-5). This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells, and leads to CD226 dimerization and CD226-mediated signaling. This activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family and immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MTIG7192A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6058","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIRAGOLUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tiragolumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tiragolumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507941"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6XG22YQM2Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782262"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782262"}]}}{"C1464":{"preferredName":"Tirapazamine","code":"C1464","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that makes tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benzotriazine di-N-oxide with potential antineoplastic activity. Tirapazamine is selectively activated by multiple reductases to form free radicals in hypoxic cells, thereby inducing single-and double-strand breaks in DNA, base damage, and cell death. This agent also sensitizes hypoxic cells to ionizing radiation and inhibits the repair of radiation-induced DNA strand breaks via inhibition of topoisomerase II. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Amino-1,2,4-benzotriazine-1,4-dioxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR 4233","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR4233","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIRAPAZAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tirapazamine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tirapazamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tirazone","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WIN 59075","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tirapazamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"130181"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0208407"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"27314-97-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"1UD32YR59G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42158"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42158"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C7H6N4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tirapazamine"}]}}{"C102758":{"preferredName":"Tisagenlecleucel","code":"C102758","definitions":[{"description":"Autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a modified lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 scFv (single chain variable fragment) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), coupled to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, tisagenlecleucel directs the T-lymphocytes to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing a selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. The 4-1BB co-stimulatory molecule signaling domain enhances activation and signaling after recognition of CD19 and the inclusion of this signaling domain may increase the antitumor activity compared to the inclusion of the CD3-zeta chain alone. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. CD3-zeta (or CD247) is a transmembrane signaling adaptor polypeptide that regulates the assembly of complete TCR complexes and their expression on the cell surface.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CART-19","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CART19","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTL019","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTL019 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kymriah","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TISAGENLECLEUCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tisagenlecleucel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tisagenlecleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tisagenlecleucel-T","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437013"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1823078-37-0"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that is refractory or in second or later relapse; relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and high grade B-cell lymphoma and DLBCL arising from follicular lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q6C9WHR03O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736184"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"736184"}]}}{"C121775":{"preferredName":"Tislelizumab","code":"C121775","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tislelizumab binds to PD-1 and inhibits the binding of PD-1 to the PD-1 ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of both T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands; it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BGB-A317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TISLELIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tislelizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tislelizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053664"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1858168-59-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0KVO411B3N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770893"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"770893"}]}}{"C113164":{"preferredName":"Tisotumab Vedotin","code":"C113164","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of tisotumab, a monoclonal antibody against human tissue factor (TF) covalently coupled, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antiangiogenic, anticoagulant and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of tisotumab vedotin, the tisotumab moiety binds to cell surface TF and is internalized. Tisotumab binds to factor VIIa (FVIIa), which interferes with the activation of factor X (FX) into FXa. This may prevent thrombin formation and cancer-associated venous thromboembolism, and may inhibit angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. After internalization of the agent, the MMAE moiety is released by proteolytic cleavage. It then binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. TF, a transmembrane protein and initiator of the coagulation cascade, is overexpressed in many tumor cells and tumor-resident endothelial cells. Expression of TF is correlated with metastasis, angiogenesis, tumor cell growth and tumor-associated thrombosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HuMax-TF-ADC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TISOTUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tisotumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tisotumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL455237"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1418731-10-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T41737F88A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755933"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"755933"}]}}{"C62437":{"preferredName":"Tivantinib","code":"C62437","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of c-Met with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor ARQ 197 binds to the c-Met protein and disrupts c-Met signal transduction pathways, which may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein, the product of the proto-oncogene c-Met, is a receptor tyrosine kinase also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR); this protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3R,4R)-3-(5,6-Dihydro-4H-pyrrolo(3,2,1-ij)quinolin-1-yl)-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ 197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARQ-197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIVANTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tivantinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tivantinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor ARQ 197","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831873"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"905854-02-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PJ4H73IL17"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488957"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488957"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H19N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ARQ_197"}]}}{"C85444":{"preferredName":"Tivozanib","code":"C85444","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) 1, 2 and 3 with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Tivozanib binds to and inhibits VEGFRs 1, 2 and 3, which may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell migration and proliferation, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell death. VEGFR tyrosine kinases, frequently overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types, play a key role in angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AV-951","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIVOZANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tivozanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tivozanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urea, N-[2-chloro-4-[(6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolinyl)oxy]phenyl]-N'-(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827667"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"475108-18-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"172030934T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561728"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"561728"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H19ClN4O5"}]}}{"C2102":{"preferredName":"TLC ELL-12","code":"C2102","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation of the ether lipid 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine with potential antineoplastic activity. TLC ELL-12 induces tumor cell apoptosis via mitochondria- and caspase-mediated mechanisms. Liposomal encapsulation reduces the free agent's hemolytic toxicity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-0-Octadecyl-2-O-methyl-Sn-3-glycero-phosphocholine Liposome","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ELL-12","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLC ELL-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1313443"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TLC_ELL-12"}]}}{"C156395":{"preferredName":"TLR Agonist BDB001","code":"C156395","definitions":[{"description":"A toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, TLR agonist BDB001 activates one or more not yet disclosed TLRs, which may result in macrophage and plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) stimulation; secretion of interferon alpha (IFNa); production of proinflammatory cytokines; upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules; enhanced T- and B-cell stimulatory responses; T-cell proliferation; and a T-helper 1 (Th1) immune response. TLRs are transmembrane receptors that recognize structurally conserved microbial molecules such as bacterial cell-surface lipopolysaccharides (LPS), lipoproteins, lipopeptides, lipoarabinomannan and flagellin, among others; immune responses stimulated by TLR activation may result in immune-mediated tumor cell killing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BDB 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BDB-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BDB001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR Agonist BDB001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toll-like Receptor Agonist BDB001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563098"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795388"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795388"}]}}{"C158747":{"preferredName":"TLR Agonist BSG-001","code":"C158747","definitions":[{"description":"A toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon inhalation, TLR agonist BSG-001 activates one or more not yet disclosed TLRs, which may result in macrophage and plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) stimulation, secretion of interferon alpha (IFNa), production of proinflammatory cytokines, upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules, enhanced T- and B-cell stimulatory responses, T-cell proliferation and a T-helper 1 (Th1) immune response. TLRs are transmembrane receptors that recognize structurally conserved microbial molecules such as bacterial cell-surface lipopolysaccharides (LPS), lipoproteins, lipopeptides, lipoarabinomannan and flagellin, among others. Immune responses stimulated by TLR activation may result in immune-mediated tumor cell killing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BSG 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSG-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSG001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syngenon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR Agonist BSG-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL950713"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797412"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797412"}]}}{"C77884":{"preferredName":"TLR Agonist CADI-05","code":"C77884","definitions":[{"description":"A poly-Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist polyantigenic vaccine containing heat killed Mycobacterium indicus pranii (Mycobacterium w or Mw) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, poly-TLR agonist polyantigenic vaccine activates a number of TLRs, which may result in macrophage and plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) stimulation; secretion of interferon alpha; production of pro-inflammatory cytokines; upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules, enhanced T and B-cell stimulatory responses; T cell proliferation, and a Th1 immune response. TLRs are transmembrane receptors that recognize structurally conserved microbial molecules such as bacterial cell-surface lipopolysaccharides (LPS), lipoproteins, lipopeptides, lipoarabinomannan and flagellin, among others; immune responses stimulated by TLR activation may result in antineoplastic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CADI-05","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MYCOBACTERIUM INDICUS PRANII (HEAT KILLED)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium Indicus Pranii (Heat Killed)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR Agonist CADI-05","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toll-like Receptor Agonist CADI-05","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387125"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"M4PN1DW08K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598873"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"598873"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TLR_Agonist_CADI-05"}]}}{"C82353":{"preferredName":"TLR-Directed Cationic Lipid-DNA Complex JVRS-100","code":"C82353","definitions":[{"description":"A cationic lipid DNA complex (CLDC) consisting of DOTIM/cholesterol liposomes and plasmid DNA, containing immunostimulatory CpG and non-CpG motifs, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon systemic administration, TLR-directed cationic lipid-DNA complex JVRS-100 enters dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages; immunostimulatory DNA binds to and activates Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which may result in the generation of anti-tumor natural killer (NK) cell and T-cell responses by the innate immune system. In addition, as a vaccine adjuvant, this agent may induce a strong cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response to co-administered antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JVRS-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR-Directed Cationic Lipid-DNA Complex JVRS-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toll-Like Receptor-Directed Cationic Lipid-DNA Complex JVRS-100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408634"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639691"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"639691"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cationic_Lipid-DNA_Complex_JVRS-100"}]}}{"C61104":{"preferredName":"TLR7 Agonist 852A","code":"C61104","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of certain adult and childhood blood cancers and other types of cancer. 852A may help the patient's immune system block tumor growth. It is a type of immune system modulator.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic imidazoquinoline Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist with immunostimulating and potential antitumor activities. TLR7 agonist 852A binds to and activates TLR7, thereby stimulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) through the TLR7-MyD88-dependent signaling pathway. Activation of pDC results in secretion of interferon alpha, the production of proimflammatory cytokines, the upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules, and enhanced T and B-cell stimulatory responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"852A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"852A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TLR7 Agonist 852A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541384"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"396824"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"396824"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_852A"}]}}{"C114975":{"preferredName":"Bazlitoran","code":"C114975","definitions":[{"description":"An oligonucleotide targeted to the mRNA of MYD88 L265P, a mutant form of the linker protein MYD88, with potential antitumor activity. Bazlitoran binds to and inhibits the translation of mutated MYD88 L265P mRNA. This prevents overactivation of signaling pathways mediated by toll-like receptors (TLRs) 7, 8, and 9, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) activity, Janus-associated kinases-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling and the production of various cytokines. Together, this leads to an induction of apoptosis and an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in MYD88 L265P-expressing tumor cells. MYD88, a key adaptor protein in the TLR signaling pathway, is mutated in a variety of B-cell lymphomas, including Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) and activated B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ABC-DLBCL).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAZLITORAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bazlitoran","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMO-8400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligonucleotide IMO-8400","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472572"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1378549-07-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2U46M95B5M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759500"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759500"}]}}{"C160500":{"preferredName":"TLR8 Agonist DN1508052","code":"C160500","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8; CD288) agonist with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, TLR8 agonist DN1508052 binds to TLR8, which is expressed in myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), monocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells. This may lead to the activation of nuclear factor NF-kappa-B, the release of proinflammatory cytokines and a Th1-weighted anti-tumor immune response. Additionally, activation of TLR8 signaling in tumor cells may block the induction and reverse the suppression of senescent naive and tumor-specific T-cells, resulting in enhanced anti-tumor immunity. TLR8, like other TLRs, recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and plays a key role in innate and adaptive immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DN A1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN-1508052","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN-A1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN1508052","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DN1508052-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR8 Agonist DN-A1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR8 Agonist DN1508052","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TLR8 Agonist DN1508052","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR8 Agonist DN1508052-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969563"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798329"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798329"}]}}{"C157771":{"preferredName":"Cavrotolimod","code":"C157771","definitions":[{"description":"A spherical nucleic acid (SN)-based agonist of toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, cavrotolimod targets and is able to enter various immune cells, including monocytes/macrophages, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), natural killer (NK) cells and B cells, through endocytosis. Within the endosome, it binds to and activates TLR9. TLR9 activation induces immune signaling pathways and activates various immune cells, including B-cells, pDCs, NKs, and induces both the production of T-helper 1 cells (Th1) and a Th1-mediated immune response as well as a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-based immune response against tumor cells. This results in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. TLR9 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. The SNA is a dense, radial arrangement of nucleic acids (DNA) on the surface of liposomal nanoparticles, providing a 3D-construct, that has a high cellular uptake and an increased presentation of the DNA for TLR9 agonism. It also protects against breakdown by nucleases and increases the half-life of the construct compared to linear oligonucleotides that are not in SNA format.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AST 008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AST-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AST008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cavrotolimod","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cavrotolimod","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNA AST-008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR9 Agonist AST-008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toll-like Receptor 9 Activator AST-008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937384"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797159"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797159"}]}}{"C84217":{"preferredName":"Tocilizumab","code":"C84217","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) with immunosuppressant activity. Tocilizumab targets and binds to both the soluble form of IL-6R (sIL-6R) and the membrane-bound form (mIL-6R), thereby blocking the binding of IL-6 to its receptor. This prevents IL-6-mediated signaling. IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in the regulation of the immune response, is overproduced in autoimmune disorders, certain types of cancers and possibly various other inflammatory conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Actemra","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Interleukin 6 Receptor) (Human-Mouse Monoclonal MRA Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mouse Monoclonal MRA Kappa-Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R-1569","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RoActemra","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOCILIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tocilizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tocilizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1609165"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"375823-41-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I031V2H011"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713832"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713832"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:64360"}]}}{"C2571":{"preferredName":"Tocladesine","code":"C2571","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as an anticancer drug. It is an analogue of a substance that occurs naturally in the body (cyclic adenosine monophosphate).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antimetabolite and a chlorine derivative of the intracellular secondary messenger, cyclic adenosine 3,5-monophosphate (cAMP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Tocladesine appears to be converted to 8-chloro-adenosine by phosphodiesterases and subsequently phosphorylated to 8-chloro-ATP, which functions as a purine analogue and competes with ATP in transcription. In addition, generation of 8-chloro-ATP depletes endogenous ATP pool that is essential for many biological reactions in intracellular energy transfer. As a result, this agent causes RNA synthesis inhibition, blocks cellular proliferation, and induces apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"8-Chloro Cyclic AMP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-Chloroadenosine Cyclic 3':5'-Monophosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8-Cl-cAMP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOCLADESINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tocladesine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tocladesine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Tocladesine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tocladesine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0050063"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"41941-56-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BQ94Z7E5OR"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42670"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42670"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H11ClN5O6P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tocladesine"}]}}{"C68318":{"preferredName":"Tocotrienol","code":"C68318","definitions":[{"description":"Class of compounds having one to three methyl groups on a chromanol ring with a long unsaturated 12-carbon side chain with three methyl groups along the chain and two methyl groups at the end; may contribute to vitamin E activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"Any of the four forms, alpha, beta, gamma and delta, of a member of the vitamin E family, with potential hypocholesterolemic, antithrombotic, antioxidant, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Tocotrienol inhibits the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, thereby lowering cholesterol levels. In addition, tocotrienol acts through multiple signal transduction pathways to induce cell cycle arrest and caspase-mediated apoptosis, and to decrease tumor cell proliferation. In addition, this agent may inhibit angiogenesis through the blockage of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and the subsequent inhibition of tumor cell-induced vessel formation. Also, this agent prevents free radical formation and inhibits lipid peroxidation, thereby preventing DNA cell damage. Tocotrienol farnesyl isoprenoid side chains contain 3 double bonds, which are absent in tocopherols, likely contribute to its anti-cancer activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TOCOTRIENOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tocotrienol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Tocotrienol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-Tocotrienol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0949647"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6829-55-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0867I0N41V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779794"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779794"},{"name":"Unit","value":"mg"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tocotrienol"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:33235"}]}}{"C101518":{"preferredName":"Tocotrienol-rich Fraction","code":"C101518","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available nutritional supplement containing high amounts of the vitamin E family member tocotrienol with antioxidant, hypolipidemic and potential immunomodulating and antiproliferative activity. Upon oral administration, tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) accumulates in tumor cells and induces cell cycle arrest, programmed cell death, and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. In addition, this agent suppresses 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase activity and inhibits angiogenesis. Rice bran oil, palm oil and annatto seed oil are common sources of TRF.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tocotrienol-rich Fraction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435775"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730662"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"730662"}]}}{"C153314":{"preferredName":"Toll-like Receptor 7 Agonist DSP-0509","code":"C153314","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, small molecule, toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, TLR7 agonist DSP-0509 activates TLR7, resulting in type I interferon secretion and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune responses. TLR7 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DSP 0509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DSP-0509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DSP0509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR7 Agonist DSP-0509","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toll-like Receptor 7 Agonist DSP-0509","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Toll-like Receptor 7 Agonist DSP-0509","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554427"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794076"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794076"}]}}{"C75293":{"preferredName":"Tolnidamine","code":"C75293","definitions":[{"description":"An indazole carboxylic acid derivative with antispermatogenic and potential antineoplastic activity. As a male contraceptive, tolnidamine may irreversibly inhibit sperm production. This agent is less nephrotoxic than ionidamide, but it is just as effective in antispermatogenic action to ionidamide.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1b Indozadole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOLNIDAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tolnidamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"8415857"},{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"17040103"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"283448"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076802"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"50454-68-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z5M7SC6D5P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H13ClN2O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tolnidamine"}]}}{"C120554":{"preferredName":"Tomaralimab","code":"C120554","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against toll-like receptor type 2 (TLR2), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, tomaralimab binds to the ligand-binding site on the TLR2 receptor and blocks the activation of TLR2-mediated innate immunity signaling. This prevents the TLR2-mediated production of pro-inflammatory mediators and prevents inflammation. TLR2, a member of the TLR family primarily found on leukocytes, plays a key role in the activation of innate immunity; it is overexpressed in various inflammatory diseases and in certain types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TLR2 Monoclonal Antibody OPN-305","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OPN-305","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOMARALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tomaralimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tomaralimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3712029"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1449294-76-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P45C2W27DU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769468"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769468"}]}}{"C88300":{"preferredName":"Tomato-Soy Juice","code":"C88300","definitions":[{"description":"A juice containing tomato extract and soy protein with potential chemopreventive and antiproliferative activities. Tomato-soy juice contains phytochemicals, including flavonoids, such as the soy isoflavone genistein, and carotenoids, including lycopene. These phytochemicals may exhibit antioxidative activity, antitumor activity by modulating certain tumor-associated signal transduction pathways, and apoptosis-inducing activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tomato-Soy Juice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413551"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659065"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"659065"}]}}{"C125062":{"preferredName":"Tomivosertib","code":"C125062","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (MNK1) and 2 (MNK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tomivosertib binds to and inhibits the activity of MNK1 and 2. This prevents MNK1/2-mediated signaling, and inhibits the phosphorylation of certain regulatory proteins, including eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), that regulate the translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) involved in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, survival and immune signaling. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation in MNK1/2-overexpressing tumor cells. MNK1/2 are overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and promote phosphorylation of eIF4E; eIF4E is overexpressed in many tumor cell types and contributes to tumor development, maintenance and resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EFT-508","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spiro(cyclohexane-1,3'(2'H)-imidazo(1,5-a)pyridine)-1',5'-dione, 6'-((6-Amino-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)-8'-methyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOMIVOSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tomivosertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tomivosertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"eFT508","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503903"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1849590-01-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U2H19X4WBV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777456"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777456"}]}}{"C78477":{"preferredName":"Topical Betulinic Acid","code":"C78477","definitions":[{"description":"A topical formulation of a pentacyclic lupane-type triterpene derivative of betulin (isolated from the bark of Betula alba, the common white birch) with antiinflammatory, anti-HIV and antineoplastic activities. Betulinic acid induces apoptosis through induction of changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, production of reactive oxygen species, and opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, resulting in the release of mitochondrial factors involved in apoptosis, activation of caspases, and DNA fragmentation. Although originally thought to exhibit specific cytotoxicity against melanoma cells, this agent has been found to be cytotoxic against non-melanoma tumor cell types including neuroectodermal and brain tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Topical ALS-357","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topical Betulinic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387585"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600544"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600544"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Topical_Betulinic_Acid"}]}}{"C148519":{"preferredName":"Topical Celecoxib","code":"C148519","definitions":[{"description":"A topical cream formulation containing celecoxib, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), with anti-inflammatory and potential keratolytic, chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Upon topical application to the affected area, celecoxib selectively binds to and inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 activity (COX-2), which may result in localized keratinocyte apoptosis. The breakdown of keratinocytes prevents their proliferation locally and may reduce tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Celecoxib Cream","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Celecoxib Topical","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DFD-07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DFD07","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topical Celecoxib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551149"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792678"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792678"}]}}{"C125194":{"preferredName":"Topical Fluorouracil","code":"C125194","definitions":[{"description":": A topical formulation containing the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), with antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration, 5-FU is converted into the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate (F-UMP), which competes with uracil during RNA synthesis and inhibits RNA processing. Conversion of 5-FU into another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate (F-dUMP), inhibits thymidylate synthase; this results in the depletion of thymidine triphosphate (TTP), one of the four nucleotide triphosphates used in DNA synthesis, and thus inhibits DNA synthesis. Altogether, this prevents the proliferation of tumor cells locally.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Actino-Hermal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arumel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arumel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Carac","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytosafe","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Efudex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Efudex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Efurix","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fiverocil","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluoroplex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluoroplex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Flurox","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Timazin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Timazin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tolak","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topical Fluorouracil","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topical Fluorouracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0720488"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777929"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777929"}]}}{"C74085":{"preferredName":"Topical Gemcitabine Hydrochloride","code":"C74085","definitions":[{"description":"A topical preparation of gemcitabine hydrochloride with antineoplastic activity. Gemcitabine, an analogue of the antimetabolite nucleoside deoxycytidine, is converted intracellularly to the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and triphosphate (dFdCDP, dFdCTP). dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting in DNA strand termination and apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Topical Gemcitabine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383495"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587041"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587041"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Topical_Gemcitabine_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C151946":{"preferredName":"Topical Potassium Dobesilate","code":"C151946","definitions":[{"description":"A topical formulation composed of an inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor (FGF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration potassium dobesilate selectively binds to and blocks the activity of FGF, interferes with the binding of FGF to FGFR and prevents FGFR-mediated signaling. This inhibits angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and induces cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGF plays a key role in angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation, survival and invasiveness, and is upregulated in many tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AM-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topical Potassium Dobesilate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553174"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793156"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793156"}]}}{"C125002":{"preferredName":"Topical Trichloroacetic Acid","code":"C125002","definitions":[{"description":"A topical solution containing the caustic agent trichloroacetic acid (TCA), with potential keratolytic, anti-viral and antineoplastic activities. Upon topical application to the affected area, TCA causes tissue necrosis through coagulation of proteins, leads to the destruction of human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated warts and inhibits HPV-driven proliferation of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Topical TCA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topical Trichloroacetic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503848"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777303"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"777303"}]}}{"C75124":{"preferredName":"Topixantrone","code":"C75124","definitions":[{"description":"A 9-aza-anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic. Topixantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. Compared to other DNA intercalators, this agent shows minimal cardiotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BBR 3576","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indazolo(4,3-gh)isoquinolin-6(2H)-one, 5-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)amino)-2-(2-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)ethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOPIXANTRONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Topixantrone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1528075"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"156090-18-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R40RXC296C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H26N6O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Topixantrone"}]}}{"C84851":{"preferredName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor Genz-644282","code":"C84851","definitions":[{"description":"A non-camptothecin inhibitor of topoisomerase I with potential antineoplastic activity. Topoisomerase I inhibitor Genz-644282 binds to and inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase I, which may result in the inhibition of repair of single-strand DNA breaks, DNA replication, and tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cell populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genz-644282","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor Genz-644282","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor Genz-644282","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827528"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651243"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"651243"}]}}{"C90594":{"preferredName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor LMP400","code":"C90594","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks certain enzymes that break and rejoin DNA strands. These enzymes are needed for cells to divide and grow. Blocking them may cause cancer cells to die. LMP400 also helps anticancer drugs kill cancers that are resistant to some other drugs. LMP400 is a type of indenoisoquinoline and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An indenoisoquinoline and non-camptothecin inhibitor of topoisomerase I (Top I) with potential antineoplastic activity. Topoisomerase I inhibitor LMP400 binds to the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent cleavage complexes, and inhibits repair of single-strand DNA breaks, DNA replication, and tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cell populations. Compared to camptothecins, indenoisoquinolines are chemically stable, produce stable Top I-DNA cleavage complexes, induce unique DNA cleavage sites and appear more resistant to multidrug efflux pumps.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LMP400","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMP400","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor LMP400","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor LMP400","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413610"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663024"}]}}{"C90595":{"preferredName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor LMP776","code":"C90595","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks certain enzymes that break and rejoin DNA strands. These enzymes are needed for cells to divide and grow. Blocking them may cause cancer cells to die. LMP776 also helps anticancer drugs kill cancers that are resistant to some other drugs. LMP776 is a type of indenoisoquinoline and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An indenoisoquinoline and non-camptothecin inhibitor of topoisomerase I (Top I) with potential antineoplastic activity. Topoisomerase I inhibitor LMP776 binds to the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent cleavage complexes, and inhibits repair of single-strand DNA breaks, DNA replication, and tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cell populations. Compared to camptothecins, indenoisoquinolines are chemically stable, produce stable Top I-DNA cleavage complexes, induce unique DNA cleavage sites and appear more resistant to multidrug efflux pumps.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LMP776","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMP776","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor LMP776","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I Inhibitor LMP776","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413611"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663025"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"663025"}]}}{"C128557":{"preferredName":"Topoisomerase I/II Inhibitor NEV-801","code":"C128557","definitions":[{"description":"A multi-targeted agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, NEV-801 appears to selectively inhibit topoisomerase (Topo) I and II, and activates hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) transcription and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA. NEV-801 is also able to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) 1-mediated resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NEV-801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEV801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TopI/II NEV-801","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I/II Inhibitor NEV-801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase I/II Inhibitor NEV-801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507943"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782337"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782337"}]}}{"C127900":{"preferredName":"Topoisomerase-1 Inhibitor LMP744","code":"C127900","definitions":[{"description":"An indenoisoquinoline derivative and topoisomerase 1 (Top1) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, LMP744 binds to and stabilizes cleaved DNA-Top1 complexes, which prevents DNA re-ligation, induces stable, irreversible DNA strand breaks, prevents DNA repair, and leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. As tumor cells proliferate at a much higher rate than normal cells, LMP744 specifically targets cancer cells. Top1, a DNA modifying enzyme essential for transcription, replication, and repair of double-strand DNA breaks, is overexpressed in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5H-(1,3)Dioxolo(5,6)indeno(1,2-C)isoquinoline-5,12(6H)-dione, 6-(3-((2-Hydroxyethyl)amino)propyl)-2,3-dimethoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indenoisoquinoline LMP744","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMP-744","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMP-744","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LMP744","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase-1 Inhibitor LMP744","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase-1 Inhibitor LMP744","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509262"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"308246-52-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"29BY7HQV0T"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787756"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"787756"}]}}{"C2825":{"preferredName":"Topoisomerase-II Inhibitor Racemic XK469","code":"C2825","definitions":[{"description":"The racemic form of a synthetic quinoxaline phenoxypropionic acid derivative with antineoplastic properties. XK469R selectively inhibits topoisomerase II by stabilizing the enzyme-DNA intermediates in which topoisomerase subunits are covalently linked to DNA through 5-phosphotyrosyl linkages, thereby interfering with DNA repair and replication, RNA and protein synthesis. This agent possesses unusual solid tumor selectivity and activity against multidrug-resistant cancer cells. XK469R is more water soluble and active than the pure isomers, R(+)XK469 and S(-)XK469. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Propanoic acid, 2-[4-[(7-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)oxy]-phenoxy]-, (+ /-)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topoisomerase-II Inhibitor Racemic XK469","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XK469 Racemic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XK469R","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"698215"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1611867"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"157542-91-1"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"440966"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"440966"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"XK469R"}]}}{"C2662":{"preferredName":"Topoisomerase-II-beta Inhibitor Racemic XK469","code":"C2662","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of leukemia. It belongs to the family of drugs called topoisomerase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The R-isomer of a synthetic quinoxaline phenoxypropionic acid derivative with proapoptotic and antiproliferative activities. R(+)XK469 selectively inhibits topoisomerase II-beta, blocks activation of MEK/MAPK signaling kinases, stimulates caspases, and upregulates p53-dependent proteins, including cyclins A and B1, thereby arresting cancer cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Both R(+) and S(-) isomers of this agent are cytotoxic, although the R-isomer is more potent. 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Topotecan is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminata. Topotecan inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S phase of cell cycle, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(s)-10-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-4-ethyl-4,9-dihydroxy-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]-quinoline-3,14(4H,12H)-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-10-hydroxy-(20S)-camptothecin","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hycamptamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOPOTECAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Topotecan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Topotecan Lactone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"topotecan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"641007"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0146224"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123948-87-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7M7YKX2N15"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H23N3O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Topotecan"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63632"}]}}{"C2828":{"preferredName":"Topotecan Hydrochloride","code":"C2828","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat certain types of ovarian cancer, lung cancer, and cervical cancer. Hycamtin is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin with antineoplastic activity. During the S phase of the cell cycle, topotecan selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when complexes are encountered by the DNA replication machinery. Camptothecin is a cytotoxic quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminata.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-10-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-4-ethyl-4,9-dihydroxy-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7] indolizino[1,2-b] quinoline-3,14-(4H,12H)-dione Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hycamptamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hycamtin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hycamtin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hycamtin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"SKF S-104864-A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOPOTECAN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Topotecan HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topotecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topotecan Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topotecan hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"topotecan hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"topotecan hydrochloride (oral)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"609699"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0886549"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"119413-54-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Small Cell Lung Carcinoma; Cervical Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"956S425ZCY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41185"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41185"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H23N3O5.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Topotecan_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C80065":{"preferredName":"Topotecan Hydrochloride Liposomes","code":"C80065","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt of a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin mixed with sphingomyelin/cholesterol and sonicated to form small unilamellar vesicles containing topotecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Topotecan hydrochloride liposomes mediates efficient drug delivery of topotecan into the cytosol from the endosome compartment. During the S phase of the cell cycle, topotecan selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when complexes are encountered by the DNA replication machinery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brakiva","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topotecan Hydrochloride Liposomes","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topotecan Hydrochloride Liposomes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388400"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617377"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617377"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Topotecan_Hydrochloride_Liposomes"}]}}{"C64779":{"preferredName":"Topsalysin","code":"C64779","definitions":[{"description":"A targeted prodrug consisting of a recombinant modified form of the Aeromonas protoxin, proaerolysin (PA), bearing a prostate-specific protease cleavage site, with potential antineoplastic activity. When injected directly into the prostate, topsalysin is hydrolyzed to the active toxin aerolysin by the serine protease prostate specific antigen (PSA), a protein overexpressed by prostate cancers and prostate cells in hyperplastic prostatic tissue. Aerolysin molecules then oligomerize to form ring-like heptamers that are incorporated into the lipid bilayers of cell membranes, forming large membrane channels and resulting in the leakage of cellular contents and lysis of PSA-expressing prostate cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PORxin 302","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRX 302","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSA-PAH1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pore-forming Protein (Synthetic Proaerolysin) Fusion Protein with Prostate-specific Antigen (Human)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOPSALYSIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Topsalysin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831975"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"917121-25-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LSA9D0A43Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"517173"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"517173"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PRX302"}]}}{"C101795":{"preferredName":"TORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor DS-3078a","code":"C101795","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of raptor-mTOR protein complex (TORC1) and rictor-mTOR protein complex (TORC2) with potential antineoplastic activity. TORC1/2 inhibitor DS-3078a binds to and inhibits both TORC1 and TORC2, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. TORC1 and 2 are upregulated in some tumors and play an important role in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which is frequently dysregulated in human cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DS-3078a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor DS-3078a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435913"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733685"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"733685"}]}}{"C1256":{"preferredName":"Toremifene","code":"C1256","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antiestrogens. Toremifene blocks the effect of the hormone estrogen in the body. It may help control some cancers from growing, and it may delay or reduce the risk of cancer recurrence.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nonsteroidal triphenylethylene antiestrogen. Chemically related to tamoxifen, toremifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). This agent binds competitively to estrogen receptors, thereby interfering with estrogen activity. Toremifene also has intrinsic estrogenic properties, which are manifested according to tissue type or species. 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Chemically related to tamoxifen, toremifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). This agent binds competitively to estrogen receptors, thereby interfering with estrogen activity. Toremifene also has intrinsic estrogenic properties, which is manifested depending on the tissue or species. 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Upon administration, toripalimab binds to PD-1 and inhibits the binding of PD-1 to its ligands, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of both T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the Ig superfamily that is expressed on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands; it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody JS001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JS001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAB 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAB-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TORIPALIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Toripalimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Toripalimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514245"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1924598-82-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8JXN261VVA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785704"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"785704"}]}}{"C70650":{"preferredName":"Tosedostat","code":"C70650","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary orally bioavailable inhibitor of the M1 family of aminopeptidases with potential antineoplastic activity. Aminopeptidase inhibitor CHR-2797 is converted intracellularly into a poorly membrane-permeable active metabolite (CHR-79888) which inhibits the M1 family of aminopeptidases, particularly puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase (PuSA), and leukotriene A4 (LTA4) hydrolase; inhibition of these aminopeptidases in tumor cells may result in amino acid deprivation, inhibition of protein synthesis due to a decrease in the intracellular free amino acid pool, an increase in the level of the proapoptotic protein Noxa, and cell death. Noxa is a member of the BH3 (Bcl-2 homology 3)-only subgroup of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2) protein family.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aminopeptidase inhibitor CHR-2797","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHR-2797","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclopentyl (2S)-2-{(2R)-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4- methylpentanamido}-2-phenylacetate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOSEDOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tosedostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tosedostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2606804"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"238750-77-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KZK563J2UW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570670"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"570670"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C21H30N2O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aminopeptidase_Inhibitor_CHR-2797"}]}}{"C2543":{"preferredName":"Tositumomab","code":"C2543","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is used in the treatment of certain types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. When tositumomab and iodine I 131 tositumomab (a form of tositumomab that has been chemically changed by adding radioactive iodine) are given together, the combination is called the Bexxar regimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A murine IgG2 monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, found on the surface of B-cells. Tositumomab binds to the CD20 surface membrane antigen, resulting in apoptosis, and may stimulate antitumoral cell-mediated and/or antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. 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This may be done with surgery, hormonal therapy, or a combination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Total Androgen Blockade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"total androgen blockade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986598"}]}}{"C82684":{"preferredName":"Tovetumab","code":"C82684","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) alpha with potential antineoplastic activity. Tovetumab inhibits activation of the cell-surface tyrosine kinase PDGFR alpha subunit and subsequent triggering of mitogenic signaling pathways, including the JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt, and MAP kinase pathways. PDGFR alpha acts as a mitogenic signaling receptor for cells of mesenchymal origin and inhibition of receptor activity may inhibit tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PDGFR Alpha Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-575","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-575","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-575","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOVETUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tovetumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830210"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2XY62K75UV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633312"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633312"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-PDGFR_Alpha_Monoclonal_Antibody_MEDI-575"}]}}{"C61319":{"preferredName":"Tozasertib Lactate","code":"C61319","definitions":[{"description":"The lactate salt of tozasertib, a synthetic, small-molecule Aurora kinase inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. Tozasertib binds to and inhibits Aurora kinases (AKs), thereby inducing apoptosis in tumor cells in which AKs are overexpressed. AKs, a family of serine-threonine kinases, are essential for mitotic progression, spindle formation, centrosome maturation, chromosomal segregation, and cytokinesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aurora Kinase Inhibitor MK-0457","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-001281814","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-0457","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, (2S)-, compd. with N-(4-((4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-6-((5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)-2-pyrimidinyl)thio)phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOZASERTIB LACTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tozasertib Lactate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tozasertib Lactate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VX-680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1451033"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"899827-04-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CN8EF9N084"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485305"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"485305"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H28N8OS.C3H6O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MK-0457"}]}}{"C2374":{"preferredName":"TP40 Immunotoxin","code":"C2374","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric fusion protein containing human transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-a) covalently linked to a truncated form of the bacterial toxin Pseudomonas exotoxin A, PE40, with potential antitumor activity. PE40 lacks the cell-binding domain, but retains domains II and III that are involved in membrane translocation and inhibition of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. TGF-a moiety of the TP40 immunotoxin binds to and activates epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a tyrosine kinase receptor overexpressed on certain cancer cells. After internalization, the endotoxin moiety of the immunotoxin-receptor complex causes protein synthesis inhibition via modifying translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), thereby impedes tumor cell growth and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TP40","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP40 Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transforming Growth Factor-Alpha-Pseudomonas Exotoxin-40","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0247342"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41531"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41531"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TP40_Immunotoxin"}]}}{"C1691":{"preferredName":"Trabectedin","code":"C1691","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that comes from a type of sea squirt and is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It binds to DNA and causes breaks in the DNA. It also blocks the ability of the cell to repair the DNA damage, and may cause cancer cells to die. Trabectedin is also made in the laboratory. It is a type of DNA excision repair inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the marine tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinata with potential antineoplastic activity. Binding to the minor groove of DNA, trabectedin interferes with the transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair machinery to induce lethal DNA strand breaks and blocks the cell cycle in the G2 phase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ET-743","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET-743","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Ecteinascidin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ecteinascidin 743","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ecteinascidin 743","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spiro(6,16-(epithiopropanoxymethano)-7,13-imino-12H-1,3-dioxolo(7,8)isoquino(3,2,-b)(3)benzazocine-20,1'(2'H)-isoquinolin)-19-one, 3',4',6,6a,7,13,14,16-Octahydro-5-(acetyloxy)-6',8,14-trihydroxy-7',9-dimethoxy-4,10,23-trimethyl-, (6R-(6-alpha,6a-beta,7-beta,13-beta,14-beta,16-alpha,20R*))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRABECTEDIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trabectedin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trabectedin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yondelis","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yondelis","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ecteinascidin 743","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"trabectedin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"648766"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1311070"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"114899-77-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"unresectable or metastatic liposarcoma or leiomyosarcoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ID0YZQ2TCP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42577"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42577"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C39H43N3O11S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ecteinascidin_743"}]}}{"C80066":{"preferredName":"Trabedersen","code":"C80066","definitions":[{"description":"A transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta2 specific phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide with the sequence 5'-CGGCATGTCTATTTTGTA-3', with potential antineoplastic activity. Trebedersen binds to TGF-beta2 mRNA causing inhibition of protein translation, thereby decreasing TGF-beta2 protein levels; decreasing intratumoral TGF-beta2 levels may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth and migration, and tumor angiogenesis. TGF-beta2, a cytokine often over-expressed in various malignancies, may play an important role in promoting the growth, progression, and migration of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP 12009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRABEDERSEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trabedersen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trabedersen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699985"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"925681-61-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"98OYR854NY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617455"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"617455"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trabedersen"}]}}{"C146854":{"preferredName":"Eftozanermin Alfa","code":"C146854","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein composed of a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor agonist consisting of six receptor binding domains (RBDs) of TRAIL fused to the Fc-domain of a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody, with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of eftozanermin alfa, this fusion protein binds to TRAIL-receptors, pro-apoptotic death receptors (DRs) TRAIL-R1 (death receptor 4; DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (death receptor 5; DR5), expressed on tumor cells, thereby inducing tumor cell apoptosis. ABBV-621 is designed to maximize receptor clustering for optimal efficacy. TRAIL, a member of the TNF superfamily of cytokines, plays a key role in the induction of apoptosis through TRAIL-mediated death receptor pathways.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 621","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-621","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV621","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG880","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EFTOZANERMIN ALFA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eftozanermin Alfa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eftozanermin Alfa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HERA Ligand ABBV-621","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hexavalent TRAIL Receptor Agonist ABBV-621","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAIL Receptor Agonist ABBV-621","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAIL-Fc Protein ABBV-621","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAIL-receptor Agonist Fusion Protein ABBV-621","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544836"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1820660-69-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q1K9TTP1WS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792269"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792269"}]}}{"C77908":{"preferredName":"Trametinib","code":"C77908","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPK/ERK kinase; MEK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, trametinib specifically binds to and inhibits MEK 1 and 2, resulting in an inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and cellular proliferation in various cancers. MEK 1 and 2, dual specificity serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases often upregulated in various cancer cell types, play a key role in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK1120212","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JTP-74057","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor GSK1120212","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-{3-cyclopropyl-5-[(2-fluoro-4-iodophenyl)amino]-6,8-dimethyl-2,4,7-trioxo-3,4,6,7-tetrahydropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidin-1(2H)-yl}phenyl)acetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAMETINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trametinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trametinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2697961"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"871700-17-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with BRAF V600E mutation; unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E or V600K mutations"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"33E86K87QN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H23FIN5O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MEK_Inhibitor_GSK1120212"}]}}{"C152711":{"preferredName":"Trametinib Dimethyl Sulfoxide","code":"C152711","definitions":[{"description":"A dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvated form of trametinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPK/ERK kinase; MEK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, trametinib specifically binds to and inhibits MEK 1 and 2, resulting in an inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and cellular proliferation in various cancers. MEK 1 and 2, dual specificity serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases often upregulated in various cancer cell types, play a key role in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mekinist","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAMETINIB DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trametinib Dimethyl Sulfoxide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trametinib Dimethyl Sulfoxide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553915"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BSB9VJ5TUT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599034"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599034"}]}}{"C82695":{"preferredName":"Trans Sodium Crocetinate","code":"C82695","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt of the trans-isomer of the carotenoid crocetin with potential antihypoxic and radiosensitizing activities. Trans sodium crocetinate (TSC) increases the diffusion rate of oxygen in aqueous solutions such as from plasma to body tissue. The agent has been shown to increase available oxygen during hypoxic and ischemic conditions that may occur in hemorrhage, vascular and neurological disorders, and in the tumor microenvionment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4,6,8,10,12,14-Hexadecaheptaenedioic Acid, 2,6,11,15-Tetramethyl-, Sodium Salt (1:2), (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRANSCROCETINATE SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TSC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trans Sodium Crocetinate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trans Sodium Crocetinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1453926"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"591230-99-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YP57637WMX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"634790"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"634790"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trans_Sodium_Crocetinate"}]}}{"C120308":{"preferredName":"Transdermal 17beta-Estradiol Gel BHR-200","code":"C120308","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, transdermal, hydroalcoholic gel formulation containing 17beta-estradiol, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration, 17beta-estradiol exerts its antineoplastic effect(s) through as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism(s) of action(s). This formulation may induce feedback inhibition via the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis feedback loop, block the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and prevent the release of testosterone from Leydig cells in the testes, thus suppressing testosterone secretion. In addition, 17beta-estradiol inhibits enzymes involved in steroidogenesis, thereby further inhibiting androgen production. Since testosterone is required to sustain prostate growth, reducing testosterone levels may inhibit hormone-dependent prostate cancer cell proliferation. In addition, 17beta-estradiol prevents bone loss, and suppresses andropause symptoms, such as hot flashes, which appear during androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) where the standard of care is the use of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs. Compared to oral estrogens, the topical gel formulation lowers the risk of cardiovascular side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BHR-200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transdermal 17beta-Estradiol Gel BHR-200","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896903"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768720"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768720"}]}}{"C114103":{"preferredName":"Transdermal 4-Hydroxytestosterone","code":"C114103","definitions":[{"description":"A transdermal formulation containing 4-hydroxytestosterone (4-OHT), a steroidal aromatase inhibitor (AI) and androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. 4-OHT is largely converted into 4-hydroxyandrostenedione (4-OHA) and irreversibly binds to and inhibits aromatase, thereby blocking the conversion of androstenedione to estrone, and testosterone to estradiol. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in estrogen-dependent tumor cells. In addition, 4-OHT binds to the AR and may inhibit AR-mediated tumor cell growth. Aromatase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells; it plays a key role in estrogen biosynthesis. Compared to oral 4-OHT, the transdermal formulation allows for continuous release of 4-OHT into the bloodstream and prevents first pass metabolism by the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Transdermal 4-Hydroxytestosterone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transdermal 4-OHT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transdermal CR1447","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471813"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758421"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"758421"}]}}{"C78450":{"preferredName":"Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Anti-RRM2 siRNA CALAA-01","code":"C78450","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary transferrin receptor-targeted nanoparticle preparation of a non-chemically modified small-interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against the M2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (RRM2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, transferrin receptor-targeted anti-RRM2 siRNA CALAA-01 binds to transferrin receptors (TfRs), releasing anti-RRM2 siRNA after endocytosis; anti-RRM2 siRNA silences the expression of RRM2 via the RNAi pathway, impeding the assembly of the holoenzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RR) which catalyzes the production of deoxyribonucleotides. As a result, inhibition of cellular proliferation may occur in cells expressing TfR, a cell surface protein overexpressed on various cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CALAA-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Anti-RRM2 siRNA CALAA-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Anti-RRM2 siRNA CALAA-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703116"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599463"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"599463"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Transferrin_Receptor-Targeted_Nanocomplexed_Anti-R2_siRNA_CALAA-01"}]}}{"C29474":{"preferredName":"Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Liposomal p53 cDNA","code":"C29474","definitions":[{"description":"A cationic liposomal, tumor-targeting p53 (TP53) gene delivery system with potential anti-tumor activity. Transferrin receptor-targeted liposomal p53 cDNA contains plasmid DNA encoding the tumor suppressor protein p53 packaged in membrane-like liposome capsules that are complexed with anti-transferrin receptor single-chain antibody (TfRscFv). Upon systemic administration, the anti-TfRscFv selectively binds to tumor cells expressing transferrin receptors. The p53 plasmid is delivered into the nucleus and as a result, p53 protein is produced in tumor cells that have altered p53 function. This results in the restoration of normal cell growth control mechanisms as well as normal response mechanisms to DNA damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SGT-53","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synerlip p53","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Liposomal p53 cDNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"709399"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL319865"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551892"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"551892"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Synerlip_p53"}]}}{"C26676":{"preferredName":"Transferrin-CRM107 ","code":"C26676","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of brain tumors. Transferrin-CRM107 is made by linking a diphtheria toxin to transferrin, a protein that binds to fast growing cells, such as tumor cells. The diphtheria toxin then kills the tumor cells. Transferrin-CRM107 is a type of immunotoxin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic targeted protein toxin which consists of human transferrin (Tf) conjugated to a diphtheria toxin that contains a point mutation (CRM107). After binding to the transferrin receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, transferrin-CRM107 is internalized, where the diphtheria toxin moiety exerts its cytotoxic effect intracellularly by inhibiting protein synthesis through ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HN-66000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transferrin-CRM107 ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"transferrin-CRM107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0912205"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269064"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269064"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Transferrin-CRM107"}]}}{"C61980":{"preferredName":"Tranylcypromine Sulfate","code":"C61980","definitions":[{"description":"The sulfate salt form of tranylcypromine, an orally bioavailable, nonselective, irreversible, non-hydrazine inhibitor of both monoamine oxidase (MAO) and lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/BHC110), with antidepressant and anxiolytic activities, and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, tranylcypromine exerts its antidepressant and anxiolytic effects through the inhibition of MAO, an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine. This increases the concentrations and activity of these neurotransmitters. Tranylcypromine exerts its antineoplastic effect through the inhibition of LSD1. Inhibition of LSD1 prevents the transcription of LSD1 target genes. LSD1, a flavin-dependent monoamine oxidoreductase and a histone demethylase, is upregulated in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+-)-Trans-2-Phenylcyclopropylamine Sulfate (2:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1-Amino-2-phenylcyclopropane Sulfate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parnate","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRANYLCYPROMINE SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tranylcypromine Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0304369"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"13492-01-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7ZAT6ES870"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765903"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765903"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"2C9H11N.H2SO4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tranylcypromine_Sulfate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9653"}]}}{"C1665":{"preferredName":"Trapoxin","code":"C1665","definitions":[{"description":"An epoxide-containing cyclotetrapeptide with antitumor activity. It is an irreversible inhibitor of histone deacetylase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cyclo((S)-gamma-oxo-L-alpha-aminooxiraneoctanoyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-2-piperidinecarbonyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclo((S)-phenylalanyl-(S)-phenylalanyl-(R)-pipecolinyl-(2S,9S)-2-amino-8-oxo-9,10-epoxydecanoyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclo(L-phenylalanyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-pipecolinyl-L-2-amino-8-oxo -9,10-epoxy - decanoyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trapoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trapoxin A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Trapoxin A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0084839"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"133155-89-2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trapoxin"}]}}{"C1647":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab","code":"C1647","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that binds to HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), and can kill HER2-positive cancer cells. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Trastuzumab is used to treat breast cancer that is HER2-positive and has spread after treatment with other drugs. It is also used with other anticancer drugs to treat HER2-positive breast cancer after surgery. Trastuzumab is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). After binding to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, trastuzumab induces an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2 is overexpressed by many adenocarcinomas, particularly breast adenocarcinomas. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABP 980","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALT02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ERB-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/c-erbB2 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-ERB-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-erbB2 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-erbB-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-erbB2 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-p185-HER2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herceptin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herceptin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Herceptin Biosimilar PF-05280014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herceptin Trastuzumab Biosimilar PF-05280014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herzuma","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G 1 (Human-Mouse Monoclonal RhuMab HER2gamma1-Chain Antihuman p185(Sup c-erbB2) Receptor), Disulfide with Human-Mouse Monoclonal RhuMab HER2 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kanjinti","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MoAb HER2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody HER2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody c-erb-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ogivri","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ontruzant","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-05280014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO0452317","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRASTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Biosimilar ABP 980","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Biosimilar ALT02","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Biosimilar HLX02","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Biosimilar PF-05280014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Biosimilar SB3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Biosimilar SIBP-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-anns","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-dkst","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-dttb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-pkrb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-qyyp","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trazimera","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-erb-2 Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rhuMAb HER2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"trastuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"trastuzumab biosimilar EG12014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"688097"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0728747"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"180288-69-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer overexpressing HER2 protein; Pancreatic cancer overexpressing p185HER2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P188ANX8CK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42265"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42265"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trastuzumab"}]}}{"C148165":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab Conjugate BI-CON-02","code":"C148165","definitions":[{"description":"A conjugated form of trastuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the trastuzumab conjugate BI-CON-02 targets and binds to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, thereby inducing both cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI-CON-02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Conjugate BI-CON-02","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550783"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792543"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792543"}]}}{"C118674":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab Duocarmazine","code":"C118674","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of the recombinant humanized anti-epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody trastuzumab linked, via a cleavable linker, to the duocarmycin prodrug, seco-duocarmycin-hydroxybenzamide-azaindole (seco-DUBA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab duocarmazine, the trastuzumab moiety binds to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, which triggers the endocytosis of this agent. The linker is then cleaved inside the tumor cell by proteases at the dipeptide valine-citrulline (vc), and releases the active moiety, duocarmycin. Duocarmycin binds to the minor groove of DNA, alkylates adenine at the N3 position, and induces cell death. In addition, trastuzumab induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2 is overexpressed by many carcinomas and is associated with a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SYD985","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SYD985","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYD985","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRASTUZUMAB DUOCARMAZINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Duocarmazine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Duocarmazine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab VC-seco-DUBA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-drug Conjugate SYD985","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vic-Trastuzumab Duocarmazine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896762"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1642152-40-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"XCR2BZ80N7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766012"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766012"}]}}{"C82492":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab Emtansine","code":"C82492","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of the recombinant anti-epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody trastuzumab conjugated to the maytansinoid DM1 via a nonreducible thioether linkage (MCC) with potential antineoplastic activity. The trastuzumab moiety of this ADC binds to HER2 on tumor cell surfaces; upon internalization, the DM1 moiety is released and binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics and inhibiting cell division and the proliferation of cancer cells that overexpress HER2. Linkage of antibody and drug through a nonreducible linker has been reported to contribute to the improved efficacy and reduced toxicity of this ADC compared to similar ADCs constructed with reducible linkers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADO-TRASTUZUMAB EMTANSINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ADO-Trastuzumab Emtansine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ado Trastuzumab Emtansine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human p185neu Receptor) (Human-Mouse Monoclonal RhuMab HER2 Gamma1-Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mouse Monoclonal RhuMab HER2 Light Chain, Dimer, Tetraamide with N2'-(3-((1-((4-carboxycyclohexyl)methyl)-2,5-dioxo-3-pyrrolidinyl)thio)-1-oxopropyl)-N2'-deacetylMaytansine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kadcyla","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRO132365","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5304020","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-DM1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Emtansine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Emtansine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-DM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-MCC-DM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-MCC-DM1 Antibody-Drug Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-MCC-DM1 Immunoconjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2935436"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1018448-65-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"HER2-positive, metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"SE2KH7T06F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564399"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564399"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C47H63ClN5O13S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trastuzumab-MCC-DM1_Conjugate"}]}}{"C158060":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab/Hyaluronidase-oysk","code":"C158060","definitions":[{"description":"A ready-to-use combination of trastuzumab, a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2), and hyaluronidase-oysk, a recombinant human hyaluronidase PH20 (rHuPH20), that may be used for the treatment of HER2-overexpressing breast cancers. Upon subcutaneous administration, hyaluronidase-oysk temporarily breaks down the hyaluronan barrier, which decreases viscosity of, and allows trastuzumab to spread rapidly through the interstitial space. This improves access to lymphatic and capillary vessels and facilitates the absorption of trastuzumab into the bloodstream. Trastuzumab binds to the extracellular ligand-binding domain of HER2 and mediates the activation of an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2 is overexpressed in many adenocarcinomas, particularly breast adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Herceptin Hylecta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab and Hyaluronidase-oysk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab and Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase PH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab and rHuPH20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-Hyaluronidase-oysk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab/Hyaluronidase-oysk","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab/Hyaluronidase-oysk","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937577"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"HER2 overexpressing breast cancer"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797111"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797111"}]}}{"C139800":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab/Tesirine Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-502","code":"C139800","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an engineered version of the humanized monoclonal anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) trastuzumab that is site-specifically conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic, DNA cross-linking pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer-based drug tesirine, which targets DNA minor grooves, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the trastuzumab moiety of trastuzumab/tesirine ADC ADCT-502 targets the cell surface antigen HER2, which is expressed on various cancer cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization of the ADC and cleavage of the linker, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released. The imine groups of tesirine bind to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces interstrand cross-links in the minor groove of DNA, inhibits DNA replication, leads to G2/M cell cycle arrest, induces cell death and inhibits the proliferation of HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. The tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HER2 is expressed by various solid tumors and is associated with a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC ADCT-502","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT 502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT-502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADCT502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/PBD ADC ADCT 502","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab/Tesirine Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-502","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab/Tesirine Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-502","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537974"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791110"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791110"}]}}{"C91711":{"preferredName":"Trebananib","code":"C91711","definitions":[{"description":"An angiopoietin (Ang) 1 and 2 neutralizing peptibody, with potential antiangiogenic activity. AMG 386 targets and binds to Ang1 and Ang2, thereby preventing the interaction of the angiopoietins with their target tie2 receptors. This may inhibit angiogenesis and may eventually lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 386","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG386","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiopoietin 1/2-Neutralizing Peptibody AMG 386","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TREBANANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trebananib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trebananib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541521"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"894356-79-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X8Y5U6NC7E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"423474"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"423474"}]}}{"C49085":{"preferredName":"Tremelimumab","code":"C49085","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of melanoma and some other types of cancer. Ticilimumab is made in the laboratory and binds to a protein called CTLA-4 on T cells (a type of white blood cell). CTLA-4 is involved in preventing the activation of T-cells. Ticilimumab may block CTLA-4 and help the immune system kill cancer cells. It is a type of immunomodulatory agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A human IgG2 monoclonal antibody directed against the T-cell receptor protein cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4). Tremelimumab binds to CTLA4 and blocks the binding of the antigen-presenting cell ligands B7-1 and B7-2 to CTLA4, resulting in inhibition of B7-CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation; subsequently, B7-1 or B7-2 may interact with another T-cell surface receptor protein, CD28, resulting in a B7-CD28-mediated T-cell activation unopposed by B7-CTLA4-mediated inhibition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA4 Human Monoclonal Antibody CP-675,206","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-675","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-675,206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CP-675206","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G2, Anti-(Human CTLA-4 (Antigen)) (Human Monoclonal CP-675206 Clone 11.2.1 Heavy Chain) Disulfide with Human Monoclonal CP-675206 Clone 11.2.1 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TREMELIMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ticilimumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tremelimumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tremelimumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ticilimumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2351038"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"745013-59-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QEN1X95CIX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"448620"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"448620"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CTLA4_Human_Monoclonal_Antibody_CP-675_206"}]}}{"C1257":{"preferredName":"Treosulfan","code":"C1257","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The prodrug of a bifunctional sulfonate alkylating agent with myeloablative, immunosuppressive, and antineoplastic activities. Under physiological conditions, treosulfan converts nonenzymatically to L-diepoxybutane via a monoepoxide intermediate. The monoepoxide intermediate and L-diepoxybutane alkylate DNA at guanine residues and produce DNA interstrand crosslinks, resulting in DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. In escalated doses, this agent also exhibits myeloablative and immunosuppressive activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S-(R*,R*))-1,2,3,4-butanetetrol,1,4-dimethanesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,2,3, 4-Butanetetrol, 1,4-dimethanesulfonate, [R-(R*,S*)]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dihydroxybusulfan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dihydroxybusulfan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Threitol 1,4-dimethanesulfonate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovastat","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TREOSULFAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trecondi","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treosulfan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Treosulfan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treosulfan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Treosulfan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Treosulphan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tresulfon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"treosulfan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"39069"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0076959"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"299-75-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CO61ER3EPI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39720"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39720"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H14O8S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Treosulfan"}]}}{"C81554":{"preferredName":"Tretazicar","code":"C81554","definitions":[{"description":"A prodrug of a bifunctional alkylating, dinitrobenzamide derivative with antineoplastic activity. Tretazicar can be activated by the human enzyme quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) in the presence of the cosubstrate caricotamide, an analogue of the natural cosubstrate dihydronicotinamide riboside (NRH), which acts as an electron donor. The resulting active, but short-lived metabolite, dinitrobenzamide, leads to DNA replication inhibition and the induction of apoptosis in NQO2 expressing cancer cells. Due to the lack of the natural cosubstrate NRH, NQO2 expression is normally latent but is upregulated in certain types of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CB1954","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRETAZICAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tretazicar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0097964"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"21919-05-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7865D5D01M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H8N4O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tretazicar"}]}}{"C900":{"preferredName":"Tretinoin","code":"C900","definitions":[{"description":"A nutrient that that body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. All-trans retinoic acid is made in the body from vitamin A and helps cells to grow and develop, especially in the embryo. A form of all-trans retinoic acid made in the laboratory is put on the skin to treat conditions such as acne and is taken by mouth to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia (a fast-growing cancer in which there are too many immature blood-forming cells in the blood and bone marrow). All-trans retinoic acid is being studied in the prevention and treatment of other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A naturally-occurring acid of retinol. Tretinoin binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing changes in gene expression that lead to cell differentiation, decreased cell proliferation, and inhibition of tumorigenesis. This agent also inhibits telomerase, resulting in telomere shortening and eventual apoptosis of some tumor cell types. The oral form of tretinoin has teratogenic and embryotoxic properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(All-E)-3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraenoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2,4,6,8-Nonatetraenoic acid, 3, 7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-, (all-E)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ATRA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATRA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Aberel","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aberel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Airol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Airol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Aknoten","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aknoten","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"All-trans Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"All-trans Vitamin A Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avita","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avita","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cordes Vas","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermairol","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermairol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Epi-Aberel","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eudyna","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eudyna","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Renova","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renova","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Retin-A","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retin-A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Retin-A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Retin-A MICRO","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retin-A-Micro","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retisol-A","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro 5488","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stieva-A","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stieva-A Forte","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRETINOIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trans Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trans Vitamin A Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tretinoin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Tretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Tretinoin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tretinoinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vesanoid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vesanoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Vitamin A Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin A acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vitamin A acid, all-trans-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vitinoin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"all trans-Retinoic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"all-trans retinoic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"all-trans-Retinoic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"all-trans-Vitamin A acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"beta-Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"retinoic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"trans-Retinoic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"trans-Retinoic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"tretinoin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"vitamin A acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"122758"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040845"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"302-79-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"(Topical) acne vulgaris; other dermatologic conditions; some skin cancers"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"(Oral) Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), characterized by the t(15;17) translocation or the PML/RARa gene refractory to or have relapsed from anthracycline chemotherapy, or for where anthracycline-based chemotherapy is contraindicated"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5688UTC01R"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41258"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H28O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vitamin_A_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15367"}]}}{"C2398":{"preferredName":"Tretinoin Liposome","code":"C2398","definitions":[{"description":"An intravenous formulation of tretinoin (vitamin A acid or all-trans retinoic acid) encased in liposomes. Tretinoin is a naturally occurring retinoic acid agent that binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RAR), effecting changes in gene expression that lead to cell differentiation, decreased cell proliferation, and inhibition of carcinogenesis. This agent also inhibits telomerase, leading to telomere shortening and eventual apoptosis of certain tumor cell types. Liposome encapsulation extends the half-life of intravenously administered tretinoin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR-623","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"All-trans-retinoic acid liposomal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atragen","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal all-trans-retinoic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal tretinoin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tretinoin Liposomal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tretinoin Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TretinoinLF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338222"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42285"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42285"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tretinoin_Liposome"}]}}{"C48027":{"preferredName":"Triamcinolone Acetonide","code":"C48027","definitions":[{"description":"The acetonide salt form of triamcinolone, a synthetic glucocorticosteroid with immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activity. Triamcinolone acetonide binds to specific cytosolic glucocorticoid receptors and subsequently interacts with glucocorticoid receptor response element on DNA and alters gene expression. This results in an induction of the synthesis of certain anti-inflammatory proteins while inhibiting the synthesis of certain inflammatory mediators. Consequently, an overall reduction in chronic inflammation and autoimmune reactions are accomplished.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"9-alpha-Fluoro-11-beta,21-dihydroxy-16-alpha-isopropylidenedioxy-1,4-pregnadiene,3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AllerNaze","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aristocort A","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kenalog","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasacort","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ReadySharp Triamcinolone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Triamcinolone Acetonide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Triamcinolone Acetonide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"21916"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040866"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"76-25-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Allergic Rhinitis"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F446C597KA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649799"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"649799"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C24H31FO6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Triamcinolone_Acetonide"}]}}{"C48026":{"preferredName":"Triamcinolone Hexacetonide","code":"C48026","definitions":[{"description":"The hexacetonide salt form of triamcinolone, a synthetic glucocorticosteroid with immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activity. Triamcinolone hexacetonide binds to specific cytosolic glucocorticoid receptors and subsequently interacts with glucocorticoid receptor response element on DNA and alters gene expression. This results in an induction of the synthesis of certain anti-inflammatory proteins while inhibiting the synthesis of certain inflammatory mediators. Consequently, an overall reduction in chronic inflammation and autoimmune reactions are accomplished.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(11beta,16alpha)-21-(3,3-Dimethyl-1-oxobutoxy)-9-fluoro-11-hydroxy-16,17-((1-methylethylidene)bis(oxy))pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aristospan","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIAMCINOLONE HEXACETONIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Triamcinolone Hexacetonide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077004"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"5611-51-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I7GT1U99Y9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H41FO7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Triamcinolone_Hexacetonide"}]}}{"C2242":{"preferredName":"Triapine","code":"C2242","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic heterocyclic carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone with potential antineoplastic activity. Triapine inhibits the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase, resulting in the inhibition of the conversion of ribonucleoside diphosphates to deoxyribonucleotides necessary for DNA synthesis. This agent has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in vitro. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-AP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-AP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"3-Aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Apct","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"OCX-0191","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OCX-191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCX191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAN-811","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triapine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Triapine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triapine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"663249"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0210403"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"236392-56-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U4XIL4091C"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37830"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37830"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Triapine"}]}}{"C2367":{"preferredName":"Triazene Derivative CB10-277","code":"C2367","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic derivative of dimethylphenyl-triazene related to dacarbazine, with antineoplastic properties. Related to the agent dacarbazine, CB10-277 is converted in vivo to a monomethyl triazene form that alkylates DNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and repair; in addition, this agent may act as a purine analogue, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis, and may interact with protein sulfhydryl groups. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-p-carboxy-3,3-dimethylphenyltriazine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB10-277","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triazene Derivative CB10-277","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"phase II trial shown to be inactive; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2394365/"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"208107"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0088835"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41154"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41154"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CB10-277"}]}}{"C95208":{"preferredName":"Triazene Derivative TriN2755","code":"C95208","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic triazene derivative with antineoplastic activity. Upon metabolic activation via N-demethylation, TriN2755 is converted into highly reactive carbocations that can alkylate DNA and other macromolecules, thereby resulting in DNA cross links, inhibiting DNA replication and repair, and subsequently inducing apoptosis. This agent has high hydrophilicity and photostability and shows a favorable toxicity profile over the other triazenes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TriN2755","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triazene Derivative TriN2755","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL426697"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691486"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"691486"}]}}{"C1258":{"preferredName":"Triazinate","code":"C1258","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic dihydrotriazine derivative with antineoplastic properties. As an antifolate agent related to methotrexate (MTX), triazinate inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), resulting in decreased tetrahydrofolate production and interference with thymidylate synthesis. Unlike MTX, this agent is not converted to polyglutamate forms. Triazinate also inhibits the transport of folates and may be selectively toxic to MTX-resistant tumor cells. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Baker's Antifol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Baker's Antifol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Baker's Antifol soluble","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Baker's Antifolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bakers Antifol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bakers Antifolate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzenesulfonyl fluoride, 3-chloro-4-[4-[2-chloro-4-(4, 6-diamino-2,2-dimethyl-1,3,5-triazin-1(2H)-yl)phenyl]butyl]-, monoethanesulfonate (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ethanesulfonic Acid Compound","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethanesulfonic acid, compd. with 3-chloro-4-[4-[2-chloro-4-(4, 6-diamino-2, 2-dimethyl-s-triazin-1(2H)-yl)phenyl]butyl]benzenesulfonyl fluoride (1:1) (8CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ethanesulfonic acid, compd. with 3-chloro-4-[4-[2-chloro-4-(4,6-diamino-2, 2-dimethyl-s-triazin-1(2H)-yl)phenyl]butyl]benzenesulfonyl fluoride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Ethanesulfonic acid, compd. with 3-chloro-4-[4-[2-chloro-4-(4,6-diamino-2,2-dimethyl-1,3, 5-triazin-1(2H)-yl)phenyl]butyl]benzenesulfonyl fluoride (1:1) (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Soluble Baker's Antifol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIAZINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TZT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triazinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triazinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"alpha-(2-chloro-4-(4,6-diamino-2,2-dimethyl-s-trizin-1(2H)-yl)phenoxy)-N,N-dimethyl-m-toluamide ethanesulfonic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"benzenesulfonyl fluoride, 3-chloro-4-[4-[2-chloro-4-(4, 6-diamino-2,2-dimethyl-1,3,5-triazin-1(2H)-yl)phenyl]butyl]-, monoethanesulfonate (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ethanesulfonic acid compound with 3-((2-chloro-4-(4,6-diamino-2,2-dimethyl-1,3,5-triazin-1(2H)-yl)phenoxy)methyl)-N,N-dimethylben zamide (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ethanesulfonic acid, compd. with 3-chloro-4-[4-[2-chloro-4-(4, 6-diamino-2, 2-dimethyl-s-triazin-1(2H)-yl)phenyl]butyl]benzenesulfonyl fluoride (1:1)(8CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ethanesulfonic acid, compd. with 3-chloro-4-[4-[2-chloro-4-(4,6-diamino-2, 2-dimethyl-s-triazin-1(2H)-yl)phenyl]butyl]benzenesulfonyl fluoride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ethanesulfonic acid, compd. with 3-chloro-4-[4-[2-chloro-4-(4,6-diamino-2,2-dimethyl-1,3, 5-triazin-1(2H)-yl)phenyl]butyl]benzenesulfonyl fluoride (1:1)(9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"139105"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077008"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"41191-04-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DD99Y262WC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39162"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39162"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Triazinate"}]}}{"C903":{"preferredName":"Triaziquone","code":"C903","definitions":[{"description":"An aziridinylbenzoquinone-based alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. The alkylating group in triaziquone becomes activated upon reduction of quinone to the hydroquinone form. This eventually results in the alkylation and crosslinking of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication followed by an induction of apoptosis. In addition, reactive oxygen species may form during redox cycling which may contribute to this agent's cytotoxic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRIAZIQUONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Triaziquone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triaziquone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"29215"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040878"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"68-76-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F3D5D9P25I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C12H13N3O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Triaziquone"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27090"}]}}{"C1260":{"preferredName":"Tributyrin","code":"C1260","definitions":[{"description":"A triglyceride drug that may inhibit cell growth and induce cell differentiation. Differentiating agents may be effective in changing cancer cells back into normal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A triglyceride prodrug of butyric acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Butyrate, the active metabolite of tributyrin, inhibits histone deacetylase, resulting in increased differentiation, decreased proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in some tumor cell lines. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,2,3-Propanetriyl Butanoate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,2,3-Tributyrylglycerol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,2,3-Tributyrylglycerol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Butanoic Acid 1,2,3-Propanetriyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanoic Acid, 1,2,3-Propanetriyl Ester","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Butyryl Triglyceride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glyceryl Tributyrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glyceryl tributyrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"TB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIBUTYRIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tributyrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tributyrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"tributyrin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"661583"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077025"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"60-01-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S05LZ624MF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42290"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42290"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C15H26O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tributyrin"}]}}{"C1262":{"preferredName":"Triciribine Phosphate","code":"C1262","definitions":[{"description":"The phosphate salt of the synthetic, cell-permeable tricyclic nucleoside triciribine with potential antineoplastic activity. Triciribine inhibits the phosphorylation, activation, and signalling of Akt-1, -2, and -3, which may result in the inhibition of Akt-expressing tumor cell proliferation. Akts are anti-apoptotic serine/threonine-specific protein kinases that phosphorylate and inactivate components of the apoptotic machinery, including Bcl-xL/Bcl-2-associated death promoter (BAD) and caspase 9.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1, 5-Dihydro-5-methyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl)-1,4,5, 6,8-pentaazaacenaphthylen-3-amine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1,4,5, 6,8-pentaazaacenaphthylen-3-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4, 5,6,8-Pentaazaacenaphthylen-3-amine, 1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,4, 5,6,8-pentaazaacenaphthylen-3-amine, 1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)- (9CI)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"1,4,5,6, 8-Pentaazaacenaphthalen-3-amine, 1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"1,4,5,6, 8-pentaazaacenaphthalen-3-amine, 1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3-Amino-1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl-1,4,5,6, 8-pentaazaacenaphthylene 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"3-amino-1, 5-dihydro-5-methyl-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,4,5,6, 8-pentaazaacenaphthylene 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRICIRIBINE PHOSPHATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Triciribine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Triciribine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Triciribine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triciribine Phosphate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Triciribine Phosphate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tricyclic Nucleoside 5'-Phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tricycloside Phosphate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"280594"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077070"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"61966-08-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5L5GE3DV88"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39723"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39723"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H17N6O7P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Triciribine_Phosphate"}]}}{"C61987":{"preferredName":"Trientine Hydrochloride","code":"C61987","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of a metal chelating agent with potential anti-angiogenic activity. Trientine chelates excess copper (Cu) ions in the body; the excess copper is subsequently removed from the body through the kidneys. As Cu is an essential cofactor for cuproenzymes, such as superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), depletion of copper may inhibit the activation of signal transduction pathways required for cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. In addition, trientine may inhibit copper-induced secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N,N-bis (2-aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syprine","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIENTINE HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trientine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trientine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Trientine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0770325"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"38260-01-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HC3NX54582"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683662"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"683662"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C6H18N4.2HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trientine_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C29858":{"preferredName":"Triethylenemelamine","code":"C29858","definitions":[{"description":"A trisaziridine alkylating agent with antineoplastic and carcinogenic properties. Used to induce cancer in experimental animal models, triethylenemelamine ethylates DNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication, unscheduled DNA synthesis, chromosomal aberrations, and sister chromatid exchanges. This agent also exhibits reproductive toxicities. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TEM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIETHYLENEMELAMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tretamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triethylene Melamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triethylenemelamine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"9706"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040975"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"51-18-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"F7IY6HZG9D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H12N6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Triethylenemelamine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27919"}]}}{"C905":{"preferredName":"Trifluridine","code":"C905","definitions":[{"description":"A fluorinated thymidine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Trifluridine is incorporated into DNA and inhibits thymidylate synthase, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis, inhibition of protein synthesis, and apoptosis. This agent also exhibits antiviral activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2'-Deoxy-5-trifluoromethyluridine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F3TdR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIFLURIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Triflorothymidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trifluridine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trifluridine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"75520"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040987"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"70-00-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RMW9V5RW38"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39240"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39240"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C10H11F3N2O5"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trifluridine"}]}}{"C102554":{"preferredName":"Trifluridine and Tipiracil Hydrochloride","code":"C102554","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable combination agent composed of the cytotoxic pyrimidine analog trifluridine (5-trifluoro-2'-deoxythymidine or TFT) and a thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor (TPI) tipiracil hydrochloride, in a molar ratio of 1.0:0.5 (TFT:TPI), with potential antineoplastic activity. After oral administration of TAS-102, TFT is phosphorylated to the active monophosphate form TF-TMP, which binds covalently to the active site of thymidylate synthase, thereby reducing the nucleotide pool levels required for DNA replication. Furthermore, the triphosphate form TF-TTP can be incorporated into DNA, which induces DNA fragmentation and leads to the inhibition of tumor growth. TPI exhibits a dual effect: 1) an anti-angiogenic effect mediated through the inhibition of thymidine phosphorylase, which plays important role in nucleotide metabolism and a variety of development processes, including angiogenesis, 2) increased bioavailability of the normally short-lived antimetabolite TFT by preventing its degradation into the inactive form trifluorothymine (TF-Thy). The synergistic effect of the components in TAS-10 may demonstrate antitumor activity in 5-FU-resistant cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lonsurf","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymidine, Alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-, Mixt. with 5-Chloro-6-((2-imino-1-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione Monohydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tipiracil Hydrochloride Mixture with Trifluridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trifluridine and Tipiracil Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trifluridine and Tipiracil Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trifluridine/Tipiracil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trifluridine/Tipiracil Hydrochloride Combination Agent TAS-102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1451803"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"733030-01-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"metastatic colorectal cancer; metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734891"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"734891"}]}}{"C142847":{"preferredName":"Troriluzole","code":"C142847","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation comprised of a prodrug form of the benzothiazole derivative riluzole, with potential anti-depressant, anxiolytic and antineoplastic activities. Following oral administration, troriluzole is converted into the active form riluzole. While the mechanism of action of riluzole is unknown, its pharmacological activities, some of which may be related to its effect, include the following: 1) an inhibitory effect on glutamate release, 2) inactivation of voltage-dependent sodium channels, and 3) interference with intracellular events that follow transmitter binding at excitatory amino acid receptors. These activities may result in myorelaxation and sedation due to the blockade of glutamatergic neurotransmission. Additionally, these activities may result in the inhibition of enzymes that are necessary for cell growth, which may decrease tumor cell growth and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BHV 4157","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BHV-4157","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glycinamide, Glycylglycyl-N2-methyl-N-(6-(trifluoromethoxy)-2-benzothiazolyl)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRORILUZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trigriluzole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Troriluzole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Troriluzole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540756"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1926203-09-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S7H48S6K7H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791792"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791792"}]}}{"C123281":{"preferredName":"Trilaciclib","code":"C123281","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule, competitive inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6), with potential antineoplastic and chemoprotective activities. Upon intravenous administration, trilaciclib binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK4/6, thereby blocking the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb) in early G1. This prevents G1/S phase transition, causes cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, induces apoptosis, and inhibits the proliferation of CDK4/6-overexpressing tumor cells. In patients with CDK4/6-independent tumor cells, G1T28 may protect against multi-lineage chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression (CIM) by transiently and reversibly inducing G1 cell cycle arrest in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and preventing transition to the S phase. This protects all hematopoietic lineages, including red blood cells, platelets, neutrophils and lymphocytes, from the DNA-damaging effects of certain chemotherapeutics and preserves the function of the bone marrow and the immune system. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and may be overexpressed in certain cancer cell types. HSPCs are dependent upon CDK4/6 for proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2'-((5-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-7',8'-dihydro-6'H-spiro(cyclohexane-1,9'-pyrazino(1',2':1,5)pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin)-6'-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1T28","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spiro(cyclohexane-1,9'(6'H)-pyrazino(1',2':1,5)pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidin)-6'-one, 7',8'-dihydro-2'-((5-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-pyridinyl)amino)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRILACICLIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trilaciclib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trilaciclib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053642"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1374743-00-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U6072DO9XG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775021"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775021"}]}}{"C29485":{"preferredName":"Trimelamol","code":"C29485","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic derivative of trimethylmelamine with antineoplastic properties. An analogue of siderophores (microbial iron chelators), trimelamol induces the formation of a reactive iminium species which may crosslink DNA. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRN 4261541","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methanol, ((s-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)trimethyltrinitrilo)tri-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIMELAMOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trimelamol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trimethyloltrimethylmelamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077149"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UST4Z70290"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trimelamole"}]}}{"C143155":{"preferredName":"Trimeric GITRL-Fc OMP-336B11","code":"C143155","definitions":[{"description":"A Fc-engineered human fusion protein composed of two trimers of tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 18 (TNFSF18; GlTRL) linked to an immunoglobulin Fc domain (GITRL-Fc), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, trimeric GITRL-Fc OMP-336B11 targets, binds to and activates its co-stimulatory surface receptor (glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR; TNFRSF18) expressed on T-lymphocytes and certain tumor cell types. This activates T-lymphocytes, causes T-lymphocyte proliferation and suppresses the activity of regulatory T-cells (Treg). This promotes cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of tumor cells. GITRL, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family of ligands, functions to activate the co-stimulatory receptor GITR to enhance T-cell modulated immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GITRL-Fc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GITRL-Fc Trimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP 336B11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OMP-336B11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trimeric GITRL-Fc OMP-336B11","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trimeric GITRL-Fc OMP-336B11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541604"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791681"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791681"}]}}{"C1264":{"preferredName":"Trimethylcolchicinic Acid","code":"C1264","definitions":[{"description":"A colchicine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Trimethylcolchicinic acid binds to tubulin, inhibiting its polymerization into microtubules and preventing cell division. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colchicinic Acid, Trimethyl-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desacetyl Colchicine D-tartrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desacetylcholchiceine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Deacetylcolchiceine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKF 284","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMCA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIMETHYLCOLCHICINIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trimethylcolchicinic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trimethylcolchicinic Acid Methyl Ether d-tartrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trimethylcolchicinic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"36796"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077183"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3482-37-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"333BVY614O"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39719"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39719"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trimethylcolchicinic_Acid"}]}}{"C1314":{"preferredName":"Trimetrexate","code":"C1314","definitions":[{"description":"A methotrexate derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Trimetrexate inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby preventing the synthesis of purine nucleotides and thymidylate, with subsequent inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. Trimetrexate also exhibits antiviral activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Quinazolinediamine, 5-methyl-6-[[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)amino]methyl]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"5-Methyl-6-[[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)amino]methyl]-2,4-quinazolinediamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CI-898","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMQ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIMETREXATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trimetrexate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trimetrexate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Trimexate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"249008"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085176"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52128-35-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UPN4ITI8T4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H23N5O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trimetrexate"}]}}{"C1265":{"preferredName":"Trimetrexate Glucuronate","code":"C1265","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites. It is used in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and is being studied in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A lipid soluble methotrexate derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Trimetrexate glucuronate inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby preventing the synthesis of purine nucleotides and thymidylate, with subsequent inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. Trimetrexate glucuronate also exhibits antiviral activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,4-Diamino-5-methyl-6-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyanilino)methyl]quinazoline mono-D-glucuronate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neutrexin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMTX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIMETREXATE GLUCURONATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TRIMETREXATE GLUCURONATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Trimetrexate Glucuronate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"trimetrexate glucuronate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"352122"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077209"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"82952-64-5"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Head and neck cancer; Metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma; Non-small cell lung cancer; Osteogenic sarcoma; Pancreatic adenocarcinoma; Pneumocystitis carinii pneumonia"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L137U4A79K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39764"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39764"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H23N5O3.C6H10O7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trimetrexate_Glucuronate"}]}}{"C1266":{"preferredName":"Trioxifene","code":"C1266","definitions":[{"description":"A nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with potential antineoplastic activity. Trioxifene competes with estradiol in binding to estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha), thereby inhibiting ER alpha-mediated signal transduction and gene expression. In addition, trioxifene exerts intrinsic estrogenic activity depending on the tissue. Clinical development of trioxifene has not been preceded due to its side effect profile and lack of increased efficacy over tamoxifen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3,4-Dihydro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-naphthalenyl)(4-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethoxy)phenyl) Methanone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIOXIFENE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trioxifene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077238"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"63619-84-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"R0130F043H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39726"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39726"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C30H31NO3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trioxifene"}]}}{"C1827":{"preferredName":"Triplatin Tetranitrate","code":"C1827","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as an anticancer drug. It belongs to the family of platinum-based drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cationic tri-nuclear platinum complex related to cisplatin. BBR 3464 binds to and forms DNA crosslinks and platinum-DNA adducts, preventing DNA replication and tumor cell division.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BBR 3464","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BBR 3464","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TRIPLATIN TETRANITRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Triplatin Tetranitrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0756613"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"172903-00-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HAJ1000ARC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38246"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38246"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"BBR_3464"}]}}{"C111762":{"preferredName":"Triptolide Analog","code":"C111762","definitions":[{"description":"A water soluble analog of the diterpenoid triepoxide triptolide isolated from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f., with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the triptolide analog inhibits heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and prevents HSP70-mediated inhibition of apoptosis. This leads to both the induction of apoptosis and a reduction of cancer cell growth. HSP70, a molecular chaperone upregulated in various cancer cells, plays a key role in the inhibition of caspase-dependent and -independent apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Minnelide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triptolide Analog","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Triptolide Analog","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3657815"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753195"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753195"}]}}{"C1267":{"preferredName":"Triptorelin","code":"C1267","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat advanced prostate cancer, and is being studied in the treatment of breast cancer. It belongs to the family of hormonal drugs called gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic decapeptide agonist analog of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH). Possessing greater potency than endogenous LHRH, triptorelin reversibly represses gonadotropin secretion. After chronic, continuous administration, this agent effects sustained decreases in LH and FSH production and testicular and ovarian steroidogenesis. Serum testosterone concentrations may fall to levels typically observed in surgically castrated men. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-D-Tryptophan-LH-RH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"6-D-Tryptophanluteinizing Hormone-releasing Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AY-25650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CL-118,532","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Detryptoreline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIPTORELIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Triptorelin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Triptorelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triptorelin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"triptorelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077275"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57773-63-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Palliative treatment prostate carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9081Y98W2V"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42944"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42944"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C64H82N18O13"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Triptorelin"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63633"}]}}{"C29523":{"preferredName":"Triptorelin Pamoate","code":"C29523","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat advanced prostate cancer, and is being studied in the treatment of breast cancer. It belongs to the family of hormonal drugs called gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The pamoate salt of triptorelin, a synthetic decapeptide agonist analog of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH). Possessing greater potency than endogenous LHRH, triptorelin reversibly represses gonadotropin secretion after prolonged administration. After chronic, continuous administration, a sustained decrease in LH, FSH and testicular and ovarian steroidogenesis is observed. The serum testosterone concentration may fall to levels typically seen in surgically castrated men. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-D-Tryptophan-, 4,4'Mmethylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthalenecarboxylate) (Salt)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Decapeptyl","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diphereline","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pamorelin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIPTORELIN PAMOATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trelstar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trelstar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Triptorelin Pamoate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Triptorelin Pamoate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Triptorelin Pamoate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triptorelin Pamoate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"724666"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1137102"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"124508-66-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"08AN7WA2G0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468834"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"468834"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C64H82N18O13.C23H16O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Triptorelin_Pamoate"}]}}{"C1758":{"preferredName":"Tritylcysteine","code":"C1758","definitions":[{"description":"A derivative of cysteine with antimitotic activity and potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Tritylthio-L-Alanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Trityl-L-Cysteine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"S-Trityl-L-cysteine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Tritylcysteine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"83265"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"124663"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0601886"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2799-07-7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tritylcysteine"}]}}{"C80491":{"preferredName":"TRK Inhibitor AZD6918","code":"C80491","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available liquid suspension containing the tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) inhibitor AZD6918 with potential antineoplastic activity. AZD6918 binds to Trk, thereby preventing neurotrophin-Trk interaction and Trk activation, and may eventually result in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of tumor cells that express Trk. Trk, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD6918","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK Inhibitor AZD6918","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388367"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613519"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"613519"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AZD6918"}]}}{"C153116":{"preferredName":"TrkA Inhibitor VMD-928","code":"C153116","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA; neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) type 1; NTRK1; TRK1-transforming tyrosine kinase protein), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, VMD-928 specifically targets and binds to TrkA, inhibits neurotrophin-TrkA interaction and prevents TrkA activation. This prevents the activation of downstream signaling pathways and inhibits cell growth in tumors that overexpress TrkA. Uncontrolled TrkA signaling plays an important role in tumor cell growth, survival, invasion and treatment resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NTRK1 Inhibitor VMD-928","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TrkA Inhibitor VMD-928","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TrkA Inhibitor VMD-928","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VMD 928","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VMD-928","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VMD928","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554374"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793945"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793945"}]}}{"C123882":{"preferredName":"Trodusquemine","code":"C123882","definitions":[{"description":"A naturally-occurring cholestane and non-competitive, allosteric inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), with potential hypoglycemic, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, trodusquemine selectively targets and inhibits PTP1B, thereby preventing PTP1B-mediated signaling. This prevents the dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which improves insulin signaling and insulin sensitivity, and decreases blood glucose levels. In susceptible cancer cells, inhibition of PTP1B causes a reduction of tumor cell proliferation. In addition, as trodusquemine can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), it centrally suppresses appetite and causes weight loss. PTP1B, a tyrosine phosphatase, is elevated in certain cancer cells; it is specifically upregulated in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-driven cancers where it promotes cell growth, and is correlated with a poor prognosis and increased metastatic potential. In diabetes, PTP1B upregulation plays a major role in insulin resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(24R)-3beta-((3-((4-((3-aminopropyl)amino)butyl)amino)propyl)amino)-7alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-cholestan-24-yl Hydrogen Sulfate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholestane-7,24-diol, 3-((3-((4-((3-aminopropyl)amino)butyl)amino)propyl)amino)-, 24-(Hydrogen Sulfate), (3beta,5alpha,7alpha,24R)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSI-1436","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSI-1436C","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRODUSQUEMINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trodusquemine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1099662"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"186139-09-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"KKC12PIF16"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775873"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775873"}]}}{"C1268":{"preferredName":"Trofosfamide","code":"C1268","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable oxazaphosphorine prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Trofosfamide (TFF) is metabolized predominantly to the cyclophosphamide analogue ifosfamide (IFO), which is then metabolized by liver cytochrome P450s to the active isophosphoramide mustard (IPM). IPM alkylates DNA to form DNA-DNA cross-links, which may result in inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis, and ultimately lead to tumor cell apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-3-(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxaphosphorine 2-oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2H-1,3,2-Oxazaphosphorin-2-amine, N,N, 3-tris(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-, 2-oxide, (+)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"2H-1,3,2-Oxazaphosphorin-2-amine, N,N, 3-tris(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-, 2-oxide, (-)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"A-4828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A-4828","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Genoxal Trofosfamida","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ixoten","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ixoten","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N,N,3-tris(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-2-amine 2-oxide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N,N,N'-tris(2-chloroethyl)-N',O-propylene phosphoric acid ester diamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TROFOSFAMIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Trilophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Trilophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trofosfamid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Trofosfamid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trofosfamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trofosfamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Trophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Trophosphamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z 4828","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Z-4828","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z-4828","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"109723"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077375"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"22089-22-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"H64JRU6GJ0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39725"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39725"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H18Cl3N2O2P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trofosfamide"}]}}{"C1522":{"preferredName":"Troglitazone","code":"C1522","definitions":[{"description":"An orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic and hepatotoxic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Troglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, thereby inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis. This agent also modulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes, inhibits macrophage and monocyte activation, and stimulates adipocyte differentiation. 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AZD7451 binds to TRK, thereby preventing the neurotrophin-TRK interaction and subsequent TRK activation. This may eventually result in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in TRK-expressing tumor cells. TRK, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor cell growth, invasion and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD7451","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK Inhibitor AZD7451","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase Inhibitor AZD7451","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase Inhibitor AZD7451","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3274575"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717230"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717230"}]}}{"C1438":{"preferredName":"Troxacitabine","code":"C1438","definitions":[{"description":"A drug being studied for use as an anticancer agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A dioxolane derivative and a novel L-configuration deoxycytidine analogue with potent antineoplastic activity. When incorporated into growing chain during DNA replication, troxacitabine stops DNA polymerization due to its unnatural L-configuration, in contrast to the normal nucleotides with D-configuration. As a result, this agent terminates DNA synthesis upon incorporated into DNA molecules, and consequently interrupts tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-amino-1-((2S,4S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCH-4556","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Oddc","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TROXACITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Troxacitabine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Troxacitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Troxatyl","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"troxacitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0877874"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"145918-75-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"60KQZ0388Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43646"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43646"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H11N3O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Troxacitabine"}]}}{"C157496":{"preferredName":"Troxacitabine Nucleotide Prodrug MIV-818","code":"C157496","definitions":[{"description":"A liver-targeting nucleotide phosphoramidate prodrug of troxacitabine monophosphate (TRX-MP), a dioxolane derivative and L-configuration deoxycytidine analogue, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MIV-818 is rapidly and specifically hydrolyzed in hepatocytes by liver carboxylesterase 1 (carboxylesterase 1, CE-1), generating high levels of the chain-terminating nucleotide, troxacitabine triphosphate (TRX-TP) in the liver. TRX-TP is then incorporated into tumor cell DNA, leading to termination of DNA synthesis and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MIV 818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIV-818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIV-818","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MIV818","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Troxacitabine Nucleotide Prodrug MIV-818","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Troxacitabine Prodrug MIV-818","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937071"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q1I6YZ0NGF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796799"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"796799"}]}}{"C162345":{"preferredName":"TRPM8 Agonist D-3263","code":"C162345","definitions":[{"description":"A small-molecule agonist for transient receptor potential melastatin member 8 (TRPM8 or Trp-p8), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TRPM8 agonist D-3263 targets, binds to and activates TRPM8, which may result in an increase in intracellular calcium and sodium influx; the disruption of calcium and sodium homeostasis; and the induction of cell death in TRPM8-expressing tumor cells. This agent may decrease dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels, which may contribute to its inhibitory effects on prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). TRPM8 is a transmembrane calcium channel protein that is normally expressed in prostate cells and appears to be overexpressed in BPH and in prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D 3263","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D-3263","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D3263","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRPM8 Agonist D-3263","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970854"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Enteric-Coated_TRPM8_Agonist_D-3263_Hydrochloride"}]}}{"C101525":{"preferredName":"TRPV6 Calcium Channel Inhibitor SOR-C13","code":"C101525","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of transient receptor potential cation channel vanilloid family member 6 (TRPV6, CaT1 or CATL) with potential antineoplastic activity. TRPV6 calcium channel inhibitor SOR-C13 binds to TRPV6 and prevents the influx of calcium ions into TRPV6-expressing tumor cells. This inhibits the activation of nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFAT) transcription complex which may result in an inhibition of calcium-dependent cancer cell proliferation and an induction of apoptosis in tumor cells overexpressing TRPV6. The TRPV6 ion channel plays a key role in calcium homeostasis and is highly selective for calcium compared to other cations; it is overexpressed in a variety of tumors and initiates tumor cell growth, proliferation and metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SOR-C13","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOR-C13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TRPV6 Calcium Channel Inhibitor SOR-C13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435782"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C79B5A73C4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732361"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"732361"}]}}{"C37447":{"preferredName":"TSP-1 Mimetic ABT-510","code":"C37447","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of angiogenesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic peptide that mimics the anti-angiogenic activity of the endogenous protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). ABT-510 inhibits the actions of several pro-angiogenic growth factors important to tumor neovascularization; these pro-angiogenic growth factors include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and interleukin 8 (IL-8). 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The TSP-1 mimetic peptide moieties of TSP-1 mimetic fusion protein CVX-045 bind to TSP-1 receptors, such as CD36, and inhibit tumor angiogenesis, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. The proprietary humanized catalytic monoclonal aldolase monoclonal antibody contains reactive lysine residues in its binding sites, which react covalently with compounds having a diketone function; the TSP-1 mimetic peptide moieties are then covalently attached to the diketone linkers via a proprietary spacer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CVX-045","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSP-1 Mimetic Fusion Protein CVX-045","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thrombospondin-1 Mimetic Fusion Protein CVX-045","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL408655"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641917"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"641917"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TSP-1_Mimetic_Fusion_Protein_CVX-045"}]}}{"C911":{"preferredName":"Tubercidin","code":"C911","definitions":[{"description":"An antibiotic and adenosine analog isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces tubercidicus with potential antineoplastic activity. Tubercidin is incorporated into DNA and inhibits polymerases, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also exhibits antifungal and antiviral activities. 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It belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small synthetic molecule of triazolopyrimidine derivative with potential antitumor activity. With a novel mechanism of action distinct from the action of other vinca alkaloid compounds, TTI-237 specifically binds to tubulin at the vinca site, and promotes the polymerization of tubulin into microtubules. TTI-237 stabilizes tubulin and inhibits microtubule disassembly. This results in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, and leading to cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TTI 237","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTI-237","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Tubulin Binding Agent TTI-237","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831611"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"432958"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"432958"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TTI-237"}]}}{"C78842":{"preferredName":"Tubulin Inhibitor ALB 109564 Dihydrochloride","code":"C78842","definitions":[{"description":"A semi-synthetic derivative of the vinka alkaloid vinblastine with potential antineoplastic activity. Tubulin inhibitor ALB 109564 dihydrochloride binds to tubulin monomers and inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and arrest of tumor cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALB-109564 DIHYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ALB-109564 dihydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alb-109564(a)","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulin Inhibitor ALB 109564 Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tubulin Inhibitor ALB 109564 Dihydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703136"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1300114-12-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"G2Z7R4P95M"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610130"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610130"}]}}{"C162527":{"preferredName":"Tubulin Inhibitor ALB-109564","code":"C162527","definitions":[{"description":"A semi-synthetic derivative of the vinka alkaloid vinblastine with potential antineoplastic activity. Tubulin inhibitor ALB-109564 binds to tubulin monomers and inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and arrest of tumor cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Check for active clinical trials using this agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALB 109564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALB-109564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALB-109564","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ALB109564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulin Inhibitor ALB-109564","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971105"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"854756-74-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EUY2631TAL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C162525":{"preferredName":"Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor AEZS 112","code":"C162525","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule tubulin polymerization inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tubulin polymerization inhibitor AEZS 112 binds to tubulin and prevents its polymerization in tumor blood vessel endothelial cells and tumor cells. This blocks the formation of the mitotic spindle and leads to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. As a result, this agent disrupts the tumor vasculature and tumor blood flow, deprives tumor cells of nutrients and induces tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent has a direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells by inhibiting tubulin polymerization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEZS 112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AEZS-112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AEZS112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor AEZS 112","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZEN 012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZEN-012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZEN012","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971107"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1214741-69-1"}]}}{"C101264":{"preferredName":"Valecobulin","code":"C101264","definitions":[{"description":"A benzophenone derivative and water soluble valine prodrug of the tubulin binding agent S516, with potential tubulin-inhibiting, vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, valecobulin is converted into its active metabolite S-516 that binds to tubulin and prevents its polymerization in tumor blood vessel endothelial cells and tumor cells. This blocks the formation of the mitotic spindle and leads to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. As a result, this agent disrupts the tumor vasculature and tumor blood flow, deprives tumor cells of nutrients and induces tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent has a direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells by inhibiting tubulin polymerization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-N-(4-(3-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)phenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-2-amino-3-methylbutanamide Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CKD-516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor CKD-516","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VALECOBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Valecobulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2974542"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1188371-47-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P48P97V001"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729699"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"729699"}]}}{"C158517":{"preferredName":"Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor VERU-111","code":"C158517","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, selective anti-tubulin agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, VERU-111 crosslinks alpha- and beta-tubulin subunits, thereby inhibiting microtubule polymerization. This blocks the formation of the mitotic spindle and leads to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. As a result, this agent disrupts the tumor vasculature, tumor blood flow, deprives tumor cells of nutrients, and induces apoptosis. VERU-111 is not a substrate of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), an efflux pump that when overexpressed, may confer resistance to taxane therap","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor VERU-111","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor VERU-111","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERU 111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERU-111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERU111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL938043"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797224"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"797224"}]}}{"C71525":{"preferredName":"Tubulin-Binding Agent SSR97225","code":"C71525","definitions":[{"description":"An antimitotic tubulin-binding agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Tubulin-binding agent SSR97225 binds to tubulin, arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M checkpoint and preventing mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SSR 97225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSR-97225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSR97225","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulin-Binding Agent SSR97225","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL378284"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"576686"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"576686"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SSR97225"}]}}{"C77896":{"preferredName":"Tucatinib","code":"C77896","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the human epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB-2 (also called HER2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Tucatinib selectively binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of ErbB-2, which may prevent the activation of ErbB-2 signal transduction pathways, resulting in growth inhibition and death of ErbB-2-expressing tumor cells. ErbB-2 is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and plays an important role in cellular proliferation and differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARRY-380","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irbinitinib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N6-(4,4-Dimethyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-yl)-N4-(3-methyl-4-((1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-a)pyridin-7-yloxy)phenyl)quinazoline-4,6-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONT-380","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TUCATINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tucatinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tucatinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tukysa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383576"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"937263-43-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"in combination with trastuzumab and capecitabine, for adult patients with advanced unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer, including patients with brain metastases, who have received one or more prior anti-HER2-based regimens in the metastatic setting."},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"234248D0HH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594366"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"594366"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ErbB-2_Inhibitor_ARRY-380"}]}}{"C97263":{"preferredName":"Tucidinostat","code":"C97263","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable benzamide-type inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) isoenzymes 1, 2, 3 and 10, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tucidinostat binds to and inhibits HDACs, leading to an increase of acetylation levels of histone proteins. This agent also inhibits the expression of kinases in the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Ras signaling pathways and may result in cell cycle arrest and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. HDACs, a class of enzymes that deacetylate chromatin histone proteins, are upregulated in many tumor types and play key roles in gene expression. Compared to some other benzamide-type HDAC inhibitors, chidamide is more stable, more resistant to degradation and has a longer half-life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CS-055","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS055","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chidamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidaza","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HBI-8000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-amino-5-fluorine benzyl)-4-[N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl) ammonia methyl] Benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(2-amino-5-fluorophenyl)-4-[[[1-oxo-3-(3-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-yl]amino]methyl]-benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TUCIDINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tucidinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tucidinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2932486"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1616493-44-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"87CIC980Y0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"702501"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"702501"}]}}{"C2630":{"preferredName":"Tucotuzumab Celmoleukin","code":"C2630","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fusion protein comprised of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM or KS) linked to an active interleukin-2 (IL2) molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Tucotuzumab Celmoleukin recognizes and binds to EpCAM, a cell surface epithelial protein that is expressed on a wide variety of cancer cells, thereby concentrating IL2 in EpCAM-expressing tumor tissue. Subsequently, the localized IL2 moiety of the fusion protein may stimulate a cytotoxic T-cell antitumor immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EMD 273066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EMD-273066","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSA-IL-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSA-Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSA-interleukin-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TUCOTUZUMAB CELMOLEUKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tucotuzumab Celmoleukin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"huKS-IL2 Fusion Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1721369"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"339986-90-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4ON7FF680U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456358"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"456358"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"KSA-Interleukin-2_Fusion_Protein"}]}}{"C77856":{"preferredName":"Tyroserleutide","code":"C77856","definitions":[{"description":"A tripeptide consisting of tyrosine, serine, and leucine with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of its antitumor activity has yet to be fully elucidated, tyroserleutide appears to inhibit the expression of ICAM-1 (CD54), a cell adhesion factor of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily that plays an important role in the invasion, adhesion, and metastasis of tumor cells. In addition, this agent may influence the Ca2+/calmodulin pathway, inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K); PI3K is upregulated in tumor cells and is involved in cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CMS 024","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TYROSERLEUTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tyroserleutide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YSL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1451018"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"L9TIM50J8N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593430"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"593430"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tyroserleutide"}]}}{"C2401":{"preferredName":"Tyrosinase Peptide","code":"C2401","definitions":[{"description":"A protein that is made from tumor cells and is used in a vaccine against melanoma. A tyrosinase peptide vaccine may stimulate the body's immune system to find and kill melanoma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"One of a number of recombinant peptides consisting of amino acid residues of the enzyme tyrosinase, a protein frequently expressed by melanoma cells. Vaccination with tyrosinase peptide may stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against tyrosinase-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tyrosinase Peptide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tyrosinase Peptide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyrosinase Peptides","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tyrosinase peptide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338254"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42338"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42338"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tyrosinase_Peptide"}]}}{"C2384":{"preferredName":"Tyrosinase-KLH","code":"C2384","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide vaccine containing a tyrosinase epitope conjugated with keyhole lymphocyte hemocyanin (KLH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Tyrosinase, one of the melanoma differentiation antigens, is the rate-limiting enzyme for melanin synthesis. This tyrosine epitope is conjugated with KLH, which serves as an immunostimulant and a hapten carrier, to enhance immune recognition. Vaccination with tyrosinase-KLH peptide vaccine may produce anti-tyrosinase antibodies as well as elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against cells expressing tyrosinase antigen, resulting in decreased tumor growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tyrosinase-KLH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281633"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42106"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42106"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tyrosinase-KLH"}]}}{"C48630":{"preferredName":"Tyrosinase:146-156 Peptide","code":"C48630","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic peptide consisting of amino acid residues 146 through 156 of the enzyme tyrosinase, a protein frequently expressed by melanoma cells, with antitumor activity. Vaccination with tyrosinase:146-156 peptide may stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against tyrosinase-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth and cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tyrosinase:146-156 Peptide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"731579"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1710512"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tyrosinase_146-156_Peptide"}]}}{"C1967":{"preferredName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor","code":"C1967","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that interferes with cell communication and growth and may prevent tumor growth. Some tyrosine kinase inhibitors are used to treat cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any substance that inhibits tyrosine kinase, an enzyme involved in the transduction and processing of many extracellular and intracellular signals including cell proliferation. Inhibition of tyrosine kinase may result in inhibition of cell growth and cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PTK Inhibitors","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TK Inhibitors","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tyrosine kinase inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1268567"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38637"}]}}{"C70981":{"preferredName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor OSI-930","code":"C70981","definitions":[{"description":"A selective thiophene-derived tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor OSI-930 inhibits stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit) and the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), which may result in the inhibition of both tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. Both c-Kit and VEGFR2 are overexpressed in a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OSI-930","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor OSI-930","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1615605"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"566188"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"566188"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_OSI-930"}]}}{"C1725":{"preferredName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SU5402","code":"C1725","definitions":[{"description":"An indolinone-based small molecule selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. SU5402 blocks the activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) and fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGFR1) via competing with ATP for the specific binding site within the catalytic domain of these receptors. This agent was shown to inhibit cell growth, decrease cell viability in dose-dependent manner, and induce apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-[(3-(2-carboxyethyl)-4-methylpyrrol-2-yl)methylene]-2-indolinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SU 5402","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SU5402","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0538431"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SU5402"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63449"}]}}{"C68929":{"preferredName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL228","code":"C68929","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic molecule that targets multiple tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor XL228 binds to and inhibits the activities of multiple tyrosine kinases, such as the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), Src tyrosine kinase, and Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase. Blockade of these kinases may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and metastasis. In addition, this agent may be a potent inhibitor of the T315I mutant form of the Abl protein, which is associated with the resistance of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) to other tyrosine kinase inhibitors. IGF1R and Src tyrosine kinases are upregulated in many tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Bcr-Abl translocation leads to constitutive activation of ABL kinase and is commonly associated with Philadelphia-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL228","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL228","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL228","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL374367"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"549001"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"549001"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_XL228"}]}}{"C113788":{"preferredName":"UAE Inhibitor TAK-243","code":"C113788","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of ubiquitin-activating enzyme (UAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. UAE inhibitor TAK-243 binds to and inhibits UAE, which prevents both protein ubiquitination and subsequent protein degradation by the proteasome. This results in an excess of proteins in the cells and may lead to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation and survival. UAE, also called ubiquitin E1 enzyme (UBA1; E1), is more active in cancer cells than in normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AOB87172","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN7243","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-243","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-243","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"UAE Inhibitor TAK-243","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"UAE Inhibitor TAK-243","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL471769"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1450833-55-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V9GGV0YCDI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757275"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757275"}]}}{"C1015":{"preferredName":"Ubenimex","code":"C1015","definitions":[{"description":"A microbial metabolite and dipeptide with potential immunomodulatory and antitumor activities. Ubenimex competitively inhibits many aminopeptidases, including B, N and leucine aminopeptidases. Aminopeptidases has been implicated in the process of cell adhesion and invasion of tumor cells. Therefore, inhibiting aminopeptidases may partially attribute to the antitumor effect of ubenimex. This agent also activates T lymphocyte, macrophage and bone marrow stem cell as well as stimulates release of interleukin-1 and -2, thus further enhances its antitumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bestatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Bestatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Bestatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Leucine, N-(3-amino-2-hydroxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutyl)-, [S-(R*,S*)]-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"N-[(2S,3R)-4-phenyl-3-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl]-L-leucine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK 421","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UBENIMEX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ubenimex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[(2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoyl]-L-leucine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[S-(R*,S*)]-N-(3-amino-2-hydroxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutyl)-L-leucine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"265489"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0053355"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"58970-76-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I0J33N5627"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39164"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39164"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H24N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ubenimex"}]}}{"C118621":{"preferredName":"Ubidecarenone Nanodispersion BPM31510n","code":"C118621","definitions":[{"description":"A nanodispersion containing the benzoquinone ubidecarenone (coenzyme Q10), with potential protective, antioxidant and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ubidecarenone nanodispersion BPM31510 modulates tumor cell metabolism and causes an anti-Warburg effect by inducing a shift from lactate dependency towards mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and induces tumor cell apoptosis. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation. BPM 31510 also induces the activation and maturation of T-lymphocytes, and changes the surface expression of certain immune checkpoint modulators. In addition, as an antioxidant, ubidecarenone protects against cell damage, by preventing both the peroxidation of lipid membranes and the oxidation of LDL-cholesterol. Ubidecarenone is an essential coenzyme for mitochondrial enzyme complexes involved in oxidative phosphorylation and the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BP31510","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coenzyme Q10 Injectable Nanosuspension","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ubidecarenone Injectable Nanosuspension","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ubidecarenone Nanodispersion BPM31510n","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ubiquinone Injectable Nanosuspension","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3897258"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791848"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791848"}]}}{"C91078":{"preferredName":"Ublituximab","code":"C91078","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric recombinant IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Ublituximab specifically binds to the B cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, thereby potentially inducing a B cell-directed complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B cells, leading to B cell apoptosis. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B cells during most stages of B cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Ublituximab has a specific glycosylation profile, with a low fucose content, that may enhance its ADCC response against malignant B cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LFB-R603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-20","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGTX-1101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UBLITUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ublituximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ublituximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2934225"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1174014-05-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"U59UGK3IPC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670500"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670500"}]}}{"C102851":{"preferredName":"Ulinastatin","code":"C102851","definitions":[{"description":"A multivalent Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor derived from human urine, with potential protective, anti-fibrinolytic and anticoagulant activities. Upon administration, ulinastatin (or urinary trypsinogen inhibitor) inhibits the activities of a variety of enzymes, including trypsin, chymotrypsin, thrombin, kallikrein, plasmin, elastase, cathepsin, lipase, hyaluronidase, factors IXa, Xa, XIa, and XlIa, and polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase. In addition, ulinastatin inhibits the excessive release of proinflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 and -8, and chemokines. Altogether, this agent may improve the microcirculation, perfusion and function of tissues and may protect organ injury.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bikunin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trypsin Inhibitor, Bikunin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ULINASTATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"UTI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ulinastatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary Trypsin Inhibitor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0077906"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"80449-32-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"OR3S9IF86U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737612"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"737612"}]}}{"C104744":{"preferredName":"Ulixertinib","code":"C104744","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ulixertinib inhibits both ERK 1 and 2, thereby preventing the activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1H-Pyrrole-2-carboxamide, 4-(5-chloro-2-((1-methylethyl)amino)-4-pyridinyl)-N-((1S)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BVD-523","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ULIXERTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ulixertinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ulixertinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VRT752271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445815"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"869886-67-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"16ZDH50O1U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746054"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"746054"}]}}{"C95755":{"preferredName":"Ulocuplumab","code":"C95755","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable monoclonal antibody against CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ulocuplumab binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, preventing the binding of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS 936564","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDX-1338","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ULOCUPLUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ulocuplumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ulocuplumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3658941"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1375830-34-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7KNP87L4X4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673715"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673715"}]}}{"C104413":{"preferredName":"Umbralisib","code":"C104413","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K-delta inhibitor TGR-1202 inhibits PI3K and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT kinase signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation and induces cell death in susceptible tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in tumor cells and cells of the hematopoietic lineage. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta allows for PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells. PI3K, an enzyme often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-((1S)-1-(4-Amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-(1-methylethoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP-5264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP5264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGR-1202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UMBRALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Umbralisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Umbralisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL445680"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1532533-67-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"38073MQB2A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C113799":{"preferredName":"Uncaria tomentosa Extract","code":"C113799","definitions":[{"description":"An extract of Uncaria tomentosa (U. tomentosa), also called Cat's claw, a native Amazonian plant belonging to the Rubiaceae species, with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, antioxidant and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism(s) by which U. tomentosa extract exerts its effect(s) has yet to be fully elucidated, this extract may inhibit the proliferation of certain types of cancer cells. This extract may modulate inflammatory and immune responses through the stimulation of T- and B-lymphocytes and certain cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a). Components in U. tomentosa may both induce repair of chemically-induced DNA damage and scavenge free radicals, which may protect against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated cellular damage. In addition, this extract stimulates myelopoiesis, which may prevent chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cat's Claw Herbal Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uncaria tomentosa Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0939876"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757651"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"757651"}]}}{"C73985":{"preferredName":"Upamostat","code":"C73985","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It blocks the action of certain enzymes, and it may help keep cancer cells from growing and spreading. It is a type of serine protease inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable, 3-amidinophenylalanine-derived, second generation serine protease inhibitor prodrug targeting the human urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) system with potential antineoplastic and antimetastatic activities. After oral administration, upamostat is converted to the active N alpha-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenylsulfonyl)-3-amidino-(L)-phenylalanine-4-ethoxycarbonylpiperazide (WX-UK1), which inhibits several serine proteases, particularly uPA; inhibition of uPA may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis. uPA is a serine protease involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix and tumor cell migration and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-Piperazinecarboxylic Acid, 4-((2S)-3-(3-((E)-Amino(hydroxyimino)methyl)phenyl)-1-oxo-2-(((2,4,6-tris(1-methylethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)amino)propyl)-, Ethyl Ester","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UPAMOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Upamostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Upamostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX-671","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WX-671","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348191"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1191101-18-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S5M7KW6U17"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"557106"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"557106"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Serine_Protease_Inhibitor_WX-671"}]}}{"C119743":{"preferredName":"Uproleselan","code":"C119743","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic, glycomimetic molecule and E-selectin (CD62E) antagonist, with potential anti-thrombotic, antineoplastic and chemopotentiating activities. Upon administration, uproleselan binds to E-selectin expressed on endothelial cells and prevents their interaction with selectin-E ligand-expressing cancer cells. This may prevent tumor cell activation, migration and metastasis. GMI-1271 also interferes with the binding of selectin E-expressing vascular endothelial cells to selectin-E ligand-expressing monocytes and neutrophils, thereby disrupting their activation. Consequently, this inhibits both the activation of the coagulation cascade and thrombus formation. This agent also prevents both leukocyte activation and inflammation. E-selectin is a cell adhesion molecule involved in cell rolling, signaling and chemotaxis; it also plays a crucial role in inflammatory processes and cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GMI-1271","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UPROLESELAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Uproleselan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Uproleselan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896849"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PE952ANF83"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767121"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767121"}]}}{"C84870":{"preferredName":"Uprosertib","code":"C84870","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Uprosertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Furancarboxamide, N-((1S)-2-Amino-1-((3,4-difluorophenyl)methyl)ethyl)-5-chloro-4-(4-chloro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK2141795","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Akt Inhibitor GSK2141795","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UPROSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Uprosertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Uprosertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830127"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1047634-65-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZXM835LQ5E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648336"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"648336"}]}}{"C91083":{"preferredName":"Uracil Ointment","code":"C91083","definitions":[{"description":"A 0.1% topical formulation of uracil used potentially to lower the incidence of hand-foot syndrome (HFS) (or palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia) during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or 5-FU prodrug capecitabine chemotherapy. Upon local administration of uracil ointment to the skin, uracil competes with capecitabine or 5-FU as substrates for the activating enzyme thymidine phosphorylase and the metabolizing enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase. This may prevent the production of 5-FU as well as the breakdown of 5-FU into the toxic metabolites locally. As the 5-FU metabolites are responsible for the presentation of HFS, inhibiting their formation may prevent this adverse effect. By applying a high concentration of uracil locally, the skin toxicities of 5-FU may be countered while preserving the systemic anti-cancer activity of the 5FU.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uracil Ointment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL416292"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670894"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"670894"}]}}{"C62449":{"preferredName":"Urelumab","code":"C62449","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the CD137 receptor with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD137 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to and activates CD137-expressing immune cells, stimulating an immune response, in particular a cytotoxic T cell response, against tumor cells. CD137 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/nerve growth factor (NGF) family of receptors and is expressed by activated T- and B-lymphocytes and monocytes; its ligand has been found to play an important role in the regulation of immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS-663513","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G4, Anti-(Human Receptor 4-1BB) (Human Gamma-Chain), Disulfide with Human Kappa-Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"URELUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Urelumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Urelumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831875"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"934823-49-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"230902QLLC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489120"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"489120"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-CD137_Monoclonal_Antibody"}]}}{"C162545":{"preferredName":"Uroacitides","code":"C162545","definitions":[{"description":"A mixture of peptides, organic acids, pigments, and phenylacetylglutamine isolated from healthy human urine with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, uroacitides, also known as cell differentiation agent II (CDA-II) may inhibit telomerase activity in tumor cells. This may lead to an accumulation of tumor cells in G1 phase and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDA-II","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cell Differentiation Agent II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uroacitides","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971119"}]}}{"C91709":{"preferredName":"Urokinase-Derived Peptide A6","code":"C91709","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. A6 is a small piece of a protein called urokinase (an enzyme that dissolves blood clots or prevents them from forming). It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent and a type of antimetastatic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An octapeptide (amino acids 136-143) derived from the proteolytic enzyme urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), with potential antineoplastic activity. A6 is derived from the nonreceptor-binding domain and connecting region of urokinase. Administration of A6 inhibits the interaction of uPA with its receptor uPAR, and may inhibit endothelial cell motility and tumor cell invasion. uPA and uPAR promote extracellular matrix degradation and growth factor activation and correlate positively with angiogenesis, cancer cell invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A6","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Urokinase-Derived Peptide A6","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Urokinase-Derived Peptide A6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"uPA-derived Peptide A6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA)-derived peptide A6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433998"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"377541"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"377541"}]}}{"C121215":{"preferredName":"USP14/UCHL5 Inhibitor VLX1570","code":"C121215","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the 19S proteasome-specific deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) USP14 and UCHL5, with apoptosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, VLX1570 specifically binds to both USP14 and UCHL5, thereby blocking their deubiquitylating activity. This blocks the ubiquitin proteasome degradation pathway, prevents the degradation of defective proteins, and leads to an accumulation of poly-ubiquitylated proteins. This induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) and results in both the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell growth. USP14 and UCHL5, overexpressed in various tumor cell types, play a key role in the correct folding and deubiquitination of proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"USP14/UCHL5 Inhibitor VLX1570","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"USP14/UCHL5 Inhibitor VLX1570","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VLX1570","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053575"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769736"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"769736"}]}}{"C116619":{"preferredName":"Utomilumab","code":"C116619","definitions":[{"description":"A human, agonistic immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting 4-1BB (CD137, TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, utomilumab binds to and activates 4-1BB expressed on various immune cells, such as CD8-positive and CD4-positive T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances 4-1BB-mediated signaling, induces cytokine production and promotes anti-tumor immune responses. 4-1BB, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/nerve growth factor (NGF) family of receptors, plays an important role in the regulation of immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PF 05082566","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 5082566","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-05082566","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-2566","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UTOMILUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Utomilumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Utomilumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3529795"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1417318-27-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6YY8O697VF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696781"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"696781"}]}}{"C61069":{"preferredName":"V930 Vaccine","code":"C61069","definitions":[{"description":"A novel cancer vaccine designed to treat HER-2- and/or CEA-expressing cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"V930 Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831771"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473030"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473030"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"V930_Vaccine"}]}}{"C2542":{"preferredName":"Vaccine-Sensitized Draining Lymph Node Cells","code":"C2542","definitions":[{"description":"Cells isolated from lymph nodes from patients, and activated in vitro to generate tumor-specific effector T cells. Lymph nodes in the lymphatics draining tumors often contain T cells that are immunologically sensitized but functionally deficient. Vaccine-sensitized draining lymph node cells are prepared by isolating these lymphocytes in vitro and stimulating them with cytokines to differentiate into mature effector cells. Vaccine-draining lymph node cells may also be produced by pharmacological activation of lymph node-derived lymphocytes with drugs such as ionomycin or with bacterial toxin; these activated lymphocytes may be expanded in culture with cytokines such as interleukin-2 prior to infusion into the patient. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VDLN Cells","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaccine-Sensitized Draining Lymph Node Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879357"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43655"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43655"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vaccine-Sensitized_Draining_Lymph_Node_Cells"}]}}{"C102748":{"preferredName":"Vaccinium myrtillus/Macleaya cordata/Echinacea angustifolia Extract Granules","code":"C102748","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary suspension formulation prepared from granules of standardized extracts from the fruits of Vaccinium myrtillus, the aerial parts of Macleaya cordata and the roots of Echinacea angustifolia, with potential anti-mucositis, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. The main active ingredients of this formulation include anthocyanosides and procyanidins, benzophenanthridinic alkaloids, and alkylamides from V. myrtillus, M. cordata and E. angustifolia extracts, respectively. Upon administration in the mucosal cavity, the anthocyanosides scavenge free radicals, form a protective barrier on the mucosa, and protect the integrity of the capillary vessels; the benzophenanthridine alkaloids prevent the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting NF-kB and may halt the growth of microorganisms; the alkylamides inhibit cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase thereby blocking productions of prostaglandin and leukotriene. Furthermore, alkylamides modulate the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha and other cytokines involved in inflammation processes through cannabinoid type 2 receptors and as cannabinomimetics they may also exert analgesic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Samital Granules","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V. myrtillus/M. cordata/E. angustfolia Extract Granules","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaccinium myrtillus/Macleaya cordata/Echinacea angustifolia Extract Granules","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vaccinium myrtillus/Macleaya cordata/Echinacea angustifolia Extract Granules","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437005"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735790"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735790"}]}}{"C116357":{"preferredName":"Vactosertib","code":"C116357","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta receptor type 1 (TGFBR1), also known as activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, vactosertib inhibits the activity of TGFBR1 and prevents TGF-beta/TGFBR1-mediated signaling. This suppresses tumor growth in TGFBR1-overexpressing tumor cells. TGFBR1, which is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. Expression of TGF-beta promotes tumor cell proliferation, enhances the migration of tumor cells and suppresses the response of the host immune system to tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TEW-7197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEW7197","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFBR1 Inhibitor TEW-7197","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VACTOSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vactosertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL473674"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6T4O391P5Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762093"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"762093"}]}}{"C133718":{"preferredName":"Vadacabtagene Leraleucel","code":"C133718","definitions":[{"description":"Genetically modified CD3-positive-enriched autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a replication incompetent gamma retroviral vector expressing a chimeric T-cell antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv), fused to the extracellular, transmembrane and intracellular signaling domains of the T-cell co-stimulatory receptor CD28 and the cytoplasmic signaling domain of the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (CAR19-28z), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, vadacabtagene leraleucel,is directed to CD19-expressing tumor cells, and, upon binding to the T-cells, induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. The CD28 co-stimulatory molecule signaling domain enhances activation and signaling after recognition of CD19. The inclusion of the CD28 signaling domain may increase proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity compared to the inclusion of the CD3-zeta chain alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD28/zeta Modified CAR CD3+ T Lymphocytes JCAR015","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCAR 015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCAR 15","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JCAR015","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VADACABTAGENE LERALEUCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vadacabtagene Leraleucel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Clinical trial NCT02973191 has been terminated due to incidence of neurotoxicity and related deaths. 04/18/2017"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL520442"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"A4O2H9W17Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788214"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"788214"}]}}{"C111039":{"preferredName":"Vadastuximab Talirine","code":"C111039","definitions":[{"description":"An immunoconjugate consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody that is engineered to contain cysteine residues that are conjugated to the synthetic, DNA cross-linking, pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer SGD-1882, via the protease-cleavable linker maleimidocaproyl-valine-alanine dipeptide, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of vadastuximab talirine specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD33. This causes the internalization of SGN-CD33A, and the release of the cytotoxic moiety SGD-1882. SGD-1882 binds to and crosslinks DNA, which results in both cell cycle arrest and the induction of apoptosis in CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33, a transmembrane receptor, is expressed on myeloid leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SGN-CD33A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VADASTUXIMAB TALIRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vadastuximab Talirine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vadastuximab Talirine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL453546"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1436390-64-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T13V17U431"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751848"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"751848"}]}}{"C2504":{"preferredName":"Vadimezan","code":"C2504","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that is a type of angiogenesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fused tricyclic analogue of flavone acetic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Vadimezan induces the cytokines tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-alpha), serotonin and nitric oxide, resulting in hemorrhagic necrosis and a decrease in angiogenesis. This agent also stimulates the anti-tumor activity of tumor-associated macrophages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5,6-Dimethylxanthenone-4-Acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,6-MexXAA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASA404","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DMXAA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethyloxoxanthene Acetic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dimethylxanthenone Acetic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VADIMEZAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vadimezan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vadimezan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dimethylxanthenone acetic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"640488"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2930490"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"117570-53-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0829J8133H"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43320"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43320"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H14O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dimethylxanthenone_Acetic_Acid"}]}}{"C29536":{"preferredName":"Valproic Acid","code":"C29536","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat epileptic seizures and bipolar disorder and to prevent migraine headaches. It is also being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. It blocks an enzyme that cells need to grow and may cause cancer cells to die. It also blocks the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of anticonvulsant, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, antimaniacal, migraine headache prophylactic, and antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of propylpentanoic acid with antiepileptic properties and potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenesis activities. In epilepsy, valproic acid appears to act by increasing the concentration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. This agent's antitumor and antiangiogenesis activities may be related to the inhibition of histone deacetylases and nitric oxide synthase, which results in the inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Propylpentanoic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Propylvaleric Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depakene","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depakene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Di-n-propylacetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stavzor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VALPROIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Valproate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Valproic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Valproic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Valproic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"valproic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"93819"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042291"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"99-66-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Epilepsy; Mania; Migraine"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"614OI1Z5WI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350047"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"350047"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C8H16O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Valproic_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:39867"}]}}{"C1340":{"preferredName":"Valrubicin","code":"C1340","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat bladder cancer that does not respond to BCG (Bacillus Calmette Guerin). It is an anthracycline and is a type of antitumor antibiotic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic derivative of the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin. With a mechanism of action that appears to differ from doxorubicin, valrubicin is converted intracytoplasmically into N-trifluoroacetyladriamycin, which interacts with topoisomerase II, stabilizing the complex between the enzyme and DNA; consequently, DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis are inhibited and the cell cycle is arrested in the G2 phase. In addition, this agent accumulates in the cell cytoplasm where it inhibits protein kinase C (PKC). Valrubicin is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin when administered systemically; applied topically, this agent shows excellent tissue penetration. Structurally, the trifluoro-acetyl moiety on the amino group of the glycoside and the valerate moiety appear to result in a lipophilicity that is greater than of doxorubicin, resulting in increased intracytoplasmic concentrations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AD 32","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AD 32","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AD 32","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"AD-32","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-valerate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-valerate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VALRUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Valrubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Valrubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Valstar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Valtaxin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"valrubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"246131"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0068314"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"56124-62-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2C6NUM6878"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39135"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39135"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H36F3NO13"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Valrubicin"}]}}{"C1405":{"preferredName":"Valspodar","code":"C1405","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied for its ability to prevent or overcome the resistance of tumor cells to some anticancer drugs. It belongs to the family of drugs called cyclosporine analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An analogue of cyclosporin-A. Valspodar inhibits p-glycoprotein, the multidrug resistance efflux pump, thereby restoring the retention and activity of some drugs in some drug-resistant tumor cells. This agent also induces caspase-mediated apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"6-[(2S,4R,6E)-4-Methyl-2-(methylamino)-3-oxo-6-octenoic Acid]cyclosporin D","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"6-[(2S,4R,6E)-4-Methyl-2-(methylamino)-3-oxo-6-octenoic Acid]cyclosporin D","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amdray","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclo((2S,4R,6E)-4-methyl-2-(methylamino)-3-oxo-6-octenoyl)-L-valyl-N-methylglycyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-L-valyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-L-alanyl-D-alanyl-N-me","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSC 833","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PSC-833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSC833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SZD PSC 833","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VALSPODAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"VP16","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Valspodar","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Valspodar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"648265"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0753474"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"121584-18-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q7ZP55KF3X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41750"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41750"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C63H111N11O12"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Valspodar"}]}}{"C2737":{"preferredName":"Vandetanib","code":"C2737","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of lung cancer and other types of cancer. It may block the growth and spread of tumor cells and prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. Vandetanib is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable 4-anilinoquinazoline. Vandetanib selectively inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), thereby blocking VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell proliferation and migration and reducing tumor vessel permeability. This agent also blocks the tyrosine kinase activity of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a receptor tyrosine kinase that mediates tumor cell proliferation and migration and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD6474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Caprelsa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VANDETANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vandetanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vandetanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Vandetanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD-6474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD6474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD6474","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Zactima","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zactima","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"vandetanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1384659"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"443913-73-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Thyroid Cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YO460OQ37K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269177"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269177"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H24BrFN4O2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ZD-6474"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:49960"}]}}{"C150384":{"preferredName":"Vandetanib-eluting Radiopaque Bead BTG-002814","code":"C150384","definitions":[{"description":"Radiopaque drug-eluting beads (DEBs) that are loaded with vandetanib, a dual inhibitor of both vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic, anti-angiogenic and imaging activities. Upon intra-arterial hepatic artery administration of vandetanib (VTB)-eluting Radiopaque beads (VERBs) BTG-002814, the DEBs occlude the tumor blood vessels and deprive tumor cells of oxygen and nutrients, thereby causing hepatic arterial embolization and direct tumor cell death. The VERBs release vandetanib from the beads in a sustained manner. Vandetanib selectively inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of both VEGFR and EGFR, thereby blocking both VEGF/VEGFR- and EGF/EGFR-stimulated signaling and inhibiting cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in VEGFR/EGFR-expressing hepatic tumor cells. The DEBs, controlled release microspherical devices, cause low systemic exposure and prevent systemic toxicity of vandetanib. DEBs also deliver high concentrations of vandetanib in the tumor for a controlled and extended period of time. Use of radiopaque DEBs allows for visualization of both the bead location and the degree of embolization upon imaging.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTG-002814","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERB BTG-002814","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VTB-loaded Beads","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vandetanib-eluting Radiopaque Bead BTG-002814","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vandetanib-eluting Radiopaque Embolic Beads","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL552167"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792793"}]}}{"C116748":{"preferredName":"Vandortuzumab Vedotin","code":"C116748","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the six transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 1 (STEAP1), and conjugated, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of vandortuzumab vedotin, the monoclonal antibody moiety of vandortuzumab vedotin binds to STEAP1-expressing tumor cells and is internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Proteolytic cleavage releases MMAE, which then binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. STEAP1, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DSTP3086S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSTP2109A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7450","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thio-anti-STEAP1-MC-vc-PAB-MMAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VANDORTUZUMAB VEDOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vandortuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vandortuzumab Vedotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433770"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"44OUQ00D1U"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694576"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"694576"}]}}{"C96799":{"preferredName":"Vantictumab","code":"C96799","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the Wnt signaling pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, vantictumab binds to certain receptors in the Wnt signaling pathway thereby preventing the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. This may result in an inhibition of cancer stem cell (CSC) activity and a subsequent inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. The Wnt signaling pathway is dysregulated in many cancer cell types and appears to play a major role in CSC regulation and activity; CSC are tumor initiating cells that are able to self-renew and are responsible for tumor growth and resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OMP-18R5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VANTICTUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vantictumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vantictumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL429406"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"88WBI2D80S"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700131"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"700131"}]}}{"C118578":{"preferredName":"Vanucizumab","code":"C118578","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized bispecific immunoglobulin G (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting both the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) ligand VEGF-A and the Tie2 receptor ligand angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration of vanucizumab, the anti-VEGF-A arm, which is based on bevacizumab, targets and binds to VEGF-A and the anti-Ang2 arm, which is based on the anti-Ang-2 antibody LC06, targets and binds to Ang2, thereby simultaneously binding and neutralizing both VEGF-A and Ang2. This prevents the activation of both VEGF-A/VEGFR- and Ang2/Tie2-mediated signaling pathways. Altogether, this results in the inhibition of proliferation of VEGF-A- and/or Ang2-overexpressing tumor cells. VEGF-A and Ang2, both upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ang2-VEGF-A CrossMab RO5520985","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Recombined G1-kappa/lambda, Anti-(Homo sapiens Angpt2 (Angiopoietin 2, Ang2))/Anti-Homo sapiens VEGFa (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, VEGF-a, VEGF)), Humanized Monoclonal Antibody","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7221","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-5520985","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO5520985","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VANUCIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vanucizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vanucizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL446653"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1448221-05-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"B800Z06O8K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C1429":{"preferredName":"Vapreotide","code":"C1429","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called somatostatin analogs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic cyclic octapeptide analogue of somatostatin with direct and indirect antitumor effects. Vapreotide binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTR), specifically SSTR-2 and to SSTR-5 with a lesser affinity, in the similar behaviors as other octapeptide somatostatin analogues. Like octreotide, this agent has direct and indirect antitumor effects via inhibiting the release of growth hormone and other peptides that regulate release of insulin, gastrointestinal hormones. Furthermore, vapreotide may also be useful for inducing hemostasis in cases of acute hemorrhage of the upper gastrointestinal tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMY-41606","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Docrised","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RC-160","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAPREOTIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vapreotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vapreotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"16917205"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0164678"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"103222-11-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2PK59M9GFF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38258"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38258"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C57H70N12O9S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vapreotide"}]}}{"C99127":{"preferredName":"Varlilumab","code":"C99127","definitions":[{"description":"A human agonistic monoclonal antibody (MoAb) specific for CD27, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of varlilumab, this MoAb binds to CD27 and may potentiate the immune response by increasing the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD27-expressing tumor cells. This may lead to growth inhibition of CD27-expressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent may increase the proliferation and activation of antigen-specific T lymphocytes upon co-administration of TAA-containing vaccines, such as dendritic cell vaccines. CD27, a co-stimulatory molecule and member of the tumor necrosis factor family overexpressed in certain tumor cell types, is constitutively expressed on mature T-lymphocytes, memory B cells and natural killer cells and plays an important role in NK cell mediated cytolytic activity and T and B lymphocyte proliferation and activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDX 1127","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDX-1127","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human CD Antigen CD27) (Human Monoclonal CDX-1127 Clone 1f5 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal CDX-1127 Clone 1f5 Kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VARLILUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Varlilumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Varlilumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL432946"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1393344-72-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0125DUV5XC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715751"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"715751"}]}}{"C62530":{"preferredName":"Varlitinib","code":"C62530","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor family with potential antineoplastic activity. Varlitinib selectively and reversibly binds to both EGFR (ErbB-1) and Her-2/neu (ErbB-2) and prevents their phosphorylation and activation, which may result in inhibition of the associated signal transduction pathways, inhibition of cellular proliferation and cell death. EGFR and Her-2 play important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation and are upregulated in various human tumor cell types. Due to the dual inhibition of both EGFR and Her-2, this agent may be therapeutically more effective than agents that inhibit EGFR or Her-2 alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARRY-334543","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VARLITINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Varlitinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Varlitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831861"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"845272-21-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"846Y8197W1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487532"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"487532"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H19ClN6O2S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ARRY-334543"}]}}{"C95226":{"preferredName":"Varlitinib Tosylate","code":"C95226","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate salt form of varlitinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor family with potential antineoplastic activity. Varlitinib selectively and reversibly binds to both EGFR (ErbB-1) and Her-2/neu (ErbB-2) and prevents their phosphorylation and activation, which may result in inhibition of the associated signal transduction pathways, inhibition of cellular proliferation and cell death. EGFR and Her-2 play important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation and are upregulated in various human tumor cell types. Due to the dual inhibition of both EGFR and Her-2, this agent may be therapeutically more effective than agents that inhibit EGFR or Her-2 alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4,6-Quinazolinediamine, N(Sup 4)-(3-Chloro-4-(2-Thiazolylmethoxy)Phenyl)-N(Sup 6)-((4r)-4,5-Dihydro-4-Methyl-2-Oxazolyl)-, 4-Methylbenzenesulphonate (1:2)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-N-(3-Chloro-4-(Thiazol-2-Ylmethoxy)Phenyl)-6-N-((4r)-4-Methyl-4,5-Dihydrooxazol-2- Yl)Quinazoline-4,6-Diamine Bis(4-Methylbenzenesulphonate)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AR00334543 Ditosilate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AR00334543 Ditosylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY-334543 Ditosylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY-543 Ditosilate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARRY-543 Ditosylate","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VARLITINIB TOSYLATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Varlitinib Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987008"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1146629-86-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V4M8FWS152"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793457"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"793457"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C22H19ClN6O2S.2C7H8O3S"}]}}{"C162343":{"preferredName":"Vascular Disrupting Agent BNC105","code":"C162343","definitions":[{"description":"A vascular disrupting agent (VDA), with potential anti-vascular and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vascular disrupting agent BNC105 binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in a blockage of mitotic spindle formation, cell cycle arrest, and disruption of the tumor vasculature. This deprives tumor cells of nutrients and results in tumor cell apoptosis. In addition to its VDA activity, this agent has a direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells by inhibiting tubulin polymerization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Methyl-7-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-6-methoxybenzofuran","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNC 105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNC-105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNC-105","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"BNC105","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vascular Disrupting Agent BNC105","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970840"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"945771-74-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z3S2Z6H7B0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C88338":{"preferredName":"Vascular Disrupting Agent BNC105P","code":"C88338","definitions":[{"description":"A benzofuran-based vascular disrupting agent (VDA) prodrug with potential anti-vascular and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration vascular disrupting agent BNC105P, the disodium phosphate ester of BNC105, is rapidly converted to BNC105; in activated endothelial cells, BNC105 binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which may result in a blockage of mitotic spindle formation, cell cycle arrest, and disruption of the tumor vasculature. Hypoxic conditions ensue, depriving tumor cells of nutrients and resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. In addition to its VDA activity, this agent has a direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells by inhibiting tubulin polymerization. BNC105 is not a substrate for the multidrug-resistance P-glycoprotein (Pgp) transporter.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BNC105P","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vascular Disrupting Agent BNC105P","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vascular Disrupting Agent BNC105P","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981856"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662727"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662727"}]}}{"C2736":{"preferredName":"Vascular Disrupting Agent ZD6126","code":"C2736","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that has been studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. ZD6126 destroys blood vessels in tumors and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of vascular targeting agent and a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A water-soluble phosphate prodrug of N-acetylcolchinol with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. ZD-6126 is converted in vivo into N-acetylcolchinol. N-acetylcolchinol binds to and destabilizes the tubulin cytoskeleton of endothelial cells in tumor blood vessels, which may result in tumor endothelial cell apoptosis, the selective occlusion of tumor blood vessels, cessation of tumor blood flow, and tumor necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANG453","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[(5S)-6,7-Dihydro-9,10,11-trimethoxy-3-(phosphonooxy)-5H-dibenzo[a,c]cyclohepten-5-yl]acetamide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"N-[(5S)-6,7-Dihydro-9,10,11-trimethoxy-3-(phosphonooxy)-5H-dibenzo[a,c]cyclohepten-5-yl]acetamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-acetylcochinol-O-phosphate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vascular Disrupting Agent ZD6126","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD-6126","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD-6126","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ZD6126","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ZD6126","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZM-445526","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"18219445"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1122628"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"219923-05-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GBO3S6M9W7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"353153"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"353153"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H24NO8P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ZD-6126"}]}}{"C1868":{"preferredName":"Vatalanib","code":"C1868","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors and VEGF receptor kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable anilinophthalazine with potential antineoplastic activity. Vatalanib binds to and inhibits the protein kinase domain of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2; both receptor tyrosine kinases are involved in angiogenesis. This agent also binds to and inhibits related receptor tyrosine kinases, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor, c-Kit, and c-Fms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGP 79787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP-79787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-(4-pyridinylmethyl)-1-phthalazinamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTK787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTK787/ZK 222584","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VATALANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vatalanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vatalanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZK-232934","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vatalanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"719335"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0912586"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"212141-54-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5DX9U76296"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43530"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43530"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H15ClN4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PTK787"}]}}{"C74945":{"preferredName":"Vatalanib Succinate","code":"C74945","definitions":[{"description":"The succinate salt of vatalanib, an anilinophthalazine derivative, with antineoplastic activity. Vatalanib binds to and inhibits the protein kinase domain of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2; both receptor tyrosine kinases are involved in angiogenesis. This agent also binds to and inhibits related receptor tyrosine kinases, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor, c-Kit, and c-Fms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-[4-Chloroanilino]-4-[4-pyridylmethyl]phthalazine Succinate","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Butanedioic Acid, Compd. with N-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-(4-pyridinylmethyl)-1-phthalazinamine (1:1)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"CGP 79787D","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTK 787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTK-787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTK787","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VATALANIB SUCCINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vatalanib Succinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZK 222584","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1524078"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"212142-18-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V5FUB77031"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C20H15ClN4.C4H6O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vatalanib_Succinate"}]}}{"C136416":{"preferredName":"Vecabrutinib","code":"C136416","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available second-generation, reversible inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, vecabrutinib non-covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of both wild-type and the C481S mutated form of BTK, a resistance mutation in the BTK active site in which cysteine is substituted for serine at residue 481. This prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. Compared to other BTK inhibitors, SNS-062 does not require interaction with the BTK C481 site and inhibits the proliferation of cells harboring the BTK C481S mutation. Other irreversible BTK inhibitors covalently bind to the C481 site to inhibit BTK's activity; the C481S mutation prevents that binding. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BIIB-062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BIIB062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BSK-4841","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FP-182","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS 062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS-062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS062","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VECABRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vecabrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vecabrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523719"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PQ7O0OB5GU"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789221"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"789221"}]}}{"C70971":{"preferredName":"Vector-peptide Conjugated Paclitaxel","code":"C70971","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary conjugate of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Similar to the free drug, the paclitaxel moiety in vector-peptide conjugated paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, promoting assembly of microtubules and inhibiting tubulin disassembly which results in the inhibition of cell division. The Kunitz domain-derived vector-peptide carries the conjugated paclitaxel through the blood brain barrier (BBB), bypassing the transmembrane p-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump, which may result in higher concentrations of paclitaxel in the brain parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Taxol-Angiopep Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vector-peptide Conjugated Paclitaxel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2349111"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574047"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"574047"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vector-peptide_Conjugated_Paclitaxel"}]}}{"C95798":{"preferredName":"Vedolizumab","code":"C95798","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human lymphocyte Peyer's patch adhesion molecule 1 (LPAM-1; alpha4beta7; a4b7), with immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vedolizumab selectively binds to integrin a4b7 and prevents the binding of a4b7, expressed on the surface of a subset of T-lymphocytes, to its natural ligand, mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1), which is mainly expressed on the surface of gut endothelial cells. This prevents a4b7-mediated signaling, adhesion of lymphocytes to the endothelium and the migration of T-lymphocytes across the endothelium into inflamed gastrointestinal (GI) tissue. By preventing this infiltration to the affected area, inflammation is reduced. The human lymphocyte a4b7 integrin, plays a key role in gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation; it is overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells. The alpha4beta7/MAdCAM-1 signaling pathway plays a critical role in the homing of T-lymphocytes to intestinal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Entyvio","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Integrin LPAM-1 (Lymphocyte Peyer's Patch Adhesion Molecule 1)) (Human-Mus musculus Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human-Mus musculus kappa-chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, anti-(human integrin LPAM-1 (lymphocyte Peyer's patch adhesion molecule 1)) (human-Mus musculus heavy chain), disulfide with human-Mus musculus kappa-chain, dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDP 02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDP-02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDP02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN0002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MLN02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEDOLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vedolizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vedolizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2742797"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"943609-66-3"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9RV78Q2002"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781604"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"781604"}]}}{"C91100":{"preferredName":"Emvododstat","code":"C91100","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) synthesis with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Emvododstat targets post-transcriptionally by selectively binding the 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions (UTR) of VEGF messenger RNA (mRNA), thereby preventing translation of VEGF. This inhibits VEGF protein production and decreases its levels in the tumor and bloodstream. In turn, this may result in the inhibition of migration, proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, microvessel formation, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and eventually the induction of tumor cell death. VEGFs are upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and play key roles during angiogenesis. In addition, emvododstat may enhance the antitumor activity of other chemotherapeutic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EMVODODSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Emvododstat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Emvododstat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTC299","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2984037"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"053QD2I96A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564407"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"564407"}]}}{"C117236":{"preferredName":"VEGF/HGF-targeting DARPin MP0250","code":"C117236","definitions":[{"description":"A designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPin)-based agent targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Compared to antibodies, DARPins are small in size, have favorable pharmacokinetics and allow for both high affinity binding and efficacy. Upon administration, the VEGF/HGF-targeting DARPin MP0250 binds to and inhibits both HGF and VEGF. This prevents HGF- and VEGF-mediated signaling, and inhibits the growth of HGF/VEGF-overexpressing tumor cells. This agent also prevents osteolysis, due to the inhibitory effect on HGF signaling. HGF and VEGF are overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types and are associated with increased cell proliferation, migration and adhesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bispecific VEGF/HGF-targeting Darpin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP-0250","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"MP0250","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGF/HGF-targeting DARPin MP0250","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"VEGF/HGF-targeting DARPin MP0250","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474108"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UGI01OSA4N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763220"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"763220"}]}}{"C88267":{"preferredName":"VEGFR Inhibitor KRN951","code":"C88267","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable quinoline-urea derivative inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) 1 and 2 with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. VEGFR inhibitor KRN951 inhibits VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFRs 1 and 2, which may result in inhibition of migration, proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, microvessel formation, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and tumor cell death. Expression of VEGFRs may be upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KRN951","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-{2-Chloro-4-[(6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolyl)oxy]phenyl}-N'-(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl) Urea Hydrochloride Monohydrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR Inhibitor KRN951","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2976524"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655018"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"655018"}]}}{"C99378":{"preferredName":"VEGFR-2 DNA Vaccine VXM01","code":"C99378","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available DNA cancer vaccine containing an attenuated strain of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium encoding murine vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) (VXM01), with potential immunomodulating, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration and successful transduction, VEGFR-2 DNA vaccine VXM01 expresses VEGFR-2 in addition to inducing the expression of T-cell activation markers, such as CD25, interleukin-2, the early T-cell activation antigen CD69 and the lymphocyte function-associated antigen LFA-2. The immune response targets the fast growing VEGFR-2 expressing endothelial cells found in the tumor vasculature, thereby blocking angiogenesis which may ultimately inhibit tumor cell proliferation. VEGFR-2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed on proliferating endothelial cells in the tumor vasculature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VEGFR-2 DNA Vaccine VXM01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VXM01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433162"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"719728"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"719728"}]}}{"C118628":{"preferredName":"VEGFR/FGFR Inhibitor ODM-203","code":"C118628","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the human vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. VEGFR/FGFR inhibitor ODM-203 inhibits both VEGFRs and FGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of VEGFR- and FGFR-mediated signaling. This leads to an inhibition of angiogenesis and cell proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing VEGFR and/or FGFR. Both VEGFRs and FGFRs belong to the superfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases and are upregulated in various tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ODM 203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM-203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR/FGFR Inhibitor ODM-203","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896799"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765615"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"765615"}]}}{"C79794":{"preferredName":"VEGFR/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-593","code":"C79794","definitions":[{"description":"An oral formulation containing a small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor of both vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. TAK-593 selectively binds to and inhibits VEGFR and PDGFR, which may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TAK-593","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-593","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"VEGFR/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-593","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703162"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"618858"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"618858"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"VEGFR_PDGFR_Tyrosine_Kinase_Inhibitor_TAK-593"}]}}{"C97950":{"preferredName":"VEGFR2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-00337210","code":"C97950","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available ATP-competitive inhibitor of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), with potential anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the VEGFR2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor PF-00337210 selectively binds to VEGFR2 and prevents its phosphorylation which may result in an inhibition of migration, proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, microvessel formation, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and may eventually cause tumor cell death. VEGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is frequently overexpressed by a variety of tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PF-00337210","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGFR2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-00337210","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"VEGFR2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-00337210","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3253799"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709389"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"709389"}]}}{"C61507":{"preferredName":"VEGFR2/PDGFR/c-Kit/Flt-3 Inhibitor SU014813","code":"C61507","definitions":[{"description":"An orally-active, tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. SU014813 binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) alpha and beta, c-Kit and Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt-3). This leads to an inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis and an induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SU-14813","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"VEGFR2/PDGFR/c-Kit/Flt-3 Inhibitor SU014813","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937294"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZZ6VH5MZ17"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"486831"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"SU014813"}]}}{"C60768":{"preferredName":"Veliparib","code":"C60768","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of breast cancers caused by mutations (changes) in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks an enzyme involved in many functions of the cell, including the repair of DNA damage. DNA damage may be caused by normal cell actions, UV light, some anticancer drugs, and radiation used to treat cancer. ABT-888 may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) -1 and -2 inhibitor with chemosensitizing and antitumor activities. With no antiproliferative effects as a single agent at therapeutic concentrations, ABT-888 inhibits PARPs, thereby inhibiting DNA repair and potentiating the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents. PARP nuclear enzymes are activated by DNA single or double strand breaks, resulting in the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of other nuclear DNA binding proteins involved in DNA repair; poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation contributes to efficient DNA repair and to survival of proliferating cells exposed to mild genotoxic stresses as induced by as oxidants, alkylating agents or ionizing radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-((R)-2-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-1H-benzimidazole-4-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-888","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PARP-1 inhibitor ABT-888","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VELIPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Veliparib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Veliparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"veliparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"737664"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1958300"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"912444-00-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"01O4K0631N"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496464"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"496464"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C13H16N4O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ABT-888"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:62880"}]}}{"C48406":{"preferredName":"Veltuzumab","code":"C48406","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of lymphoma. It binds to the protein CD20, which is found on B cells (a type of immune system cell) and some types of lymphoma cells. This causes the immune system to kill the cancer cells. IMMU-106 is a type of monoclonal antibody.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Following binding, veltuzumab triggers complement-dependent cell lysis (CDCL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cells that overexpress CD20. CD20 antigen is a hydrophobic transmembrane protein located on pre-B and mature B lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody hA20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCD20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"IMMU-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMMU-106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MoAb hA20","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Antibody hA20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VELTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Veltuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Veltuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Veltuzumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hA20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"veltuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2746054"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"728917-18-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BPD4DGQ314"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"428486"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"428486"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Antibody_hA20"}]}}{"C64768":{"preferredName":"Vemurafenib","code":"C64768","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. BRAF (V600E) kinase is a mutated (changed) form of a cell protein called BRAF. It is found in several types of cancer, including melanoma (a type of skin cancer). Inhibiting this kinase may cause cancer cells to die. BRAF (V600E) kinase is a type of serine/threonine kinase inhibitor and a type of targeted therapy agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable, ATP-competitive, small-molecule inhibitor of BRAF(V600E) kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Vemurafenib selectively binds to the ATP-binding site of BRAF(V600E) kinase and inhibits its activity, which may result in an inhibition of an over-activated MAPK signaling pathway downstream in BRAF(V600E) kinase-expressing tumor cells and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. Approximately 90% of BRAF gene mutations involve a valine-to-glutamic acid mutation at residue 600 (V600E); the oncogene protein product, BRAF(V600E) kinase, exhibits a markedly elevated activity that over-activates the MAPK signaling pathway. The BRAF(V600E) gene mutation has been found to occur in approximately 60% of melanomas, and in about 8% of all solid tumors, including melanoma, colorectal, thyroid and other cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-propanesulfonamide, n-(3-((5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1h-pyrrolo(2,3-b)pyridin-3-yl)carbonyl)-2,4-difluorophenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRAF (V600E) kinase inhibitor RO5185426","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor RO5185426","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX-4032","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX4032","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RG 7204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7204","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7204","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"RO 5185426","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEMURAFENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vemurafenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vemurafenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zelboraf","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832009"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"918504-65-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Advanced Melanoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"207SMY3FQT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"528954"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"528954"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C23H18ClF2N3O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"PLX4032"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:63637"}]}}{"C103147":{"preferredName":"Venetoclax","code":"C103147","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective small molecule inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Venetoclax mimics BH3-only proteins, the native ligands of Bcl-2 and apoptosis activators, by binding to the hydrophobic groove of Bcl-2 proteins thereby repressing Bcl-2 activity and restoring apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 protein is overexpressed in some cancers and plays an important role in the regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival. Compared to the Bcl-2 inhibitor navitoclax, this agent does not inhibit bcl-XL and does not cause bcl-XL-mediated thrombocytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-(4-((2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-((3-nitro-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ylmethyl)amino)phenyl)sulfonyl)-2-(1H-pyrrolo(2,3-b)pyridin-5-yloxy)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-0199","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT-199","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABT199","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0199","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VENETOCLAX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Venclexta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Venclyxto","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Venetoclax","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Venetoclax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3659811"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1257044-40-8"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with 17p deletion and or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL)"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N54AIC43PW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698675"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"698675"}]}}{"C928":{"preferredName":"Verapamil","code":"C928","definitions":[{"description":"A phenylalkylamine calcium channel blocking agent. Verapamil inhibits the transmembrane influx of extracellular calcium ions into myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells, causing dilatation of the main coronary and systemic arteries and decreasing myocardial contractility. This agent also inhibits the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein which is overexpressed in some multi-drug resistant tumors and may improve the efficacy of some antineoplastic agents. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VERAPAMIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Verapamil","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Verapamil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alpha-[3-[[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]methylamino]propyl]-3,4-dimethoxy-alpha-(1-methylethyl)benzeneacetonitrile","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042523"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"52-53-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CJ0O37KU29"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39730"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39730"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C27H38N2O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Verapamil"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9948"}]}}{"C2811":{"preferredName":"Verpasep Caltespen","code":"C2811","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the prevention of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called fusion proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant chimeric protein composed of the heat shock protein 65 (Hsp65) from Mycobacterium bovis, and the human papilloma viral (HPV) protein E7. Hsp65, similar to other members of its family of proteins, elicits a strong immune response and may be used to design vaccines against a number of different cancers. E7 protein is involved in carcinogenesis of anal and cervical tumors, and represents a tumor antigen that may be specifically targeted by lymphocytes. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCG65-E7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bovine HSP fusion with E7 of HPV16","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV 16 E7/HSP65 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV E7 Peptide Epitope Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HspE7","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HspE7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"HspE7 Therapeutic Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"SGN-00101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-00101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SGN-00101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VERPASEP CALTESPEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Verpasep Caltespen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Verpasep Caltespen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"713219"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1327844"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"295371-00-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Z7T0JI2E2I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269165"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"269165"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HspE7"}]}}{"C96747":{"preferredName":"Verubulin","code":"C96747","definitions":[{"description":"A quinazoline derivative with potential antineoplastic activities. Verubulin binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization and interrupts microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and cell death. This agent is not a substrate for several subtypes of multidrug resistance ABC transporters, and may be useful for treating multidrug resistant tumors. In addition, as a vascular disrupting agent, verubulin disrupts tumor microvasculature specifically, which may result in acute ischemia and massive tumor cell death. In addition, verubulin is able to cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-quinazolinamine, N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N,2-dimethyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MX-128495","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N,2-dimethylquinazolin-4-amine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERUBULIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Verubulin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2002404"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"827031-83-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X97O9FTB92"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H17N3O"}]}}{"C64782":{"preferredName":"Verubulin Hydrochloride","code":"C64782","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of verubulin, a quinazoline derivative with potential dual antineoplastic activities. Verubulin binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization and interrupts microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and cell death. This agent is not a substrate for several subtypes of multidrug resistance ABC transporters, such as P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), and breast cancer resistance protein 1 (BCRP1); therefore, it may be useful for treating multidrug resistant (MDR) tumors that express these transporters. In addition, as a vascular disrupting agent (VDA), verubulin appears to disrupt tumor microvasculature specifically, which may result in acute ischemia and massive tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Azixa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPC-6827","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microtubule Inhibitor MPC-6827","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-n,2-dimethylquinazolin-4-amine Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERUBULIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Verubulin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Verubulin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1832001"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"917369-31-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"33380QZ0QW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526176"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"526176"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C17H17N3O.HCl"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MPC-6827"}]}}{"C113653":{"preferredName":"Vesigenurtucel-L","code":"C113653","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic urothelial bladder cancer cell vaccine expressing a recombinant secretory form of the immunoadjuvant heat shock protein gp96 fused with an immunoglobulin Fc domain (gp96-Ig) protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of vesigenurtucel-L, the live, irradiated tumor cells continuously secrete gp96-Ig along with its chaperoned tumor associated antigens (TAAs). This enhances antigen cross presentation to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and, upon expansion, leads to the induction of a potent CTL response against the TAAs on the endogenous bladder cancer cells. This vaccine also induces a memory T cell response that could fight recurring cancer cells. gp96-Ig is constructed by replacing the KDEL endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention sequence of gp96 with the Fc portion of the IgG1 protein. This allows for gp96, normally an ER-resident chaperone peptide, to be released from cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HS-410","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VESIGENURTUCEL-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vesigenurtucel-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458366"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"9IE620X9FY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756851"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756851"}]}}{"C2016":{"preferredName":"VGEF Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 220","code":"C2016","definitions":[{"description":"A mixed-backbone antisense oligonucleotide that is complementary to a pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA sequence. Because of its antiangiogenic properties, GEM 220 has been studied as a potential antineoplastic agent. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GEM 220","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gene Expression Modulator 220","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VGEF Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 220","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1517360"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"GEM_220"}]}}{"C49090":{"preferredName":"VGEFR/c-kit/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL820","code":"C49090","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. XL820 binds to and inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), c-kit, and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). In tumor models of breast carcinomas, gliomas, and leukemia, this agent exhibits dose-dependent growth inhibition and has been shown to cause tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VGEFR/c-kit/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL820","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL 820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL820","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937288"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"452042"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"452042"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"XL820"}]}}{"C61073":{"preferredName":"Viagenpumatucel-L","code":"C61073","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary, allogeneic tumor cell vaccine expressing a recombinant secretory form of the heat shock protein gp96 fusion (gp96-Ig) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of viagenpumatucel-L, the irradiated live tumor cells continuously secrete gp96-Ig along with its chaperoned tumor associated antigens (TAAs) into the blood stream, thereby activating antigen presenting cells, natural killer cells and priming potent cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) to respond against TAAs on the endogenous tumor cells. Furthermore, this vaccine may induce long-lived memory T cells that could fight recurring cancer cells. gp96-Ig is constructed by replacing the KDEL retention sequence of gp96, normally an endoplasmatic reticulum-resident chaperone peptide, with the Fc portion of mouse and human IgG1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gp96-Ig Fusion Protein-Expressing Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HS-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HS110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VIAGENPUMATUCEL-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Viagenpumatucel-L","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831778"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"13H90KC831"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473873"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"473873"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gp96-Ig_Fusion_Protein-Expressing_Non-Small_Cell_Lung_Cancer_Cell_Vaccine"}]}}{"C148505":{"preferredName":"Vilaprisan","code":"C148505","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available progestin and selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM), with potential anti-progesterone and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, vilaprisan competitively binds to the progesterone receptor (PR) in progesterone-responsive tissue and inhibits PR-mediated gene expression. This interferes with progesterone activity in the reproductive system and may inhibit PR-mediated proliferative effects in cells overexpressing PRs. As a result, this agent may suppress ovulation and inhibit proliferation of endometrial tissue or uterine fibroid formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(8S,11R,13S,14S,17S)-17-hydroxy-13-methyl-11-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-17-(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)-1,2,6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 1002670","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-1002670","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY1002670","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VILAPRISAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vilaprisan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vilaprisan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551037"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1262108-14-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"IN59K53GI9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792636"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792636"}]}}{"C930":{"preferredName":"Vinblastine","code":"C930","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used together with other drugs to treat several types of cancer, including advanced Hodgkin lymphoma and advanced testicular germinal-cell cancers. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Vinblastine comes from the periwinkle plant Vinca rosea Linn. It blocks cell growth by stopping cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of vinca alkaloid and a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Vinca rosea Linn. Vinblastine binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and arrest of tumor cells in the M phase of the cell cycle. This agent may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca++ -transport ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VINBLASTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"VLB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vinblastine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vinblastine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vinblastine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Vincaleucoblastine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vinblastine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"90636"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042670"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"865-21-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Bladder cancer; Breast cancer; Choriocarcinoma; Germ cell tumors; Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura; Kaposi sarcoma; Letterer-Siwe disease; Various Lymphomas; Melanoma; Mycosis fungoides; Prostate cancer; Testicular cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5V9KLZ54CY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42951"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42951"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C46H58N4O9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vinblastine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27375"}]}}{"C931":{"preferredName":"Vinblastine Sulfate","code":"C931","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used with other drugs to treat several types of cancer, including advanced Hodgkin lymphoma and advanced testicular germinal-cell cancers. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Velban comes from the periwinkle plant Vinca rosea Linn. It blocks cell growth by stopping cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of vinca alkaloid and a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sulfate salt of vinblastine, a natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) with antineoplastic properties. Vinblastine disrupts microtubule formation and function during mitosis and interferes with glutamic acid metabolism. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"29060 LE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"29060-LE","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"29060-LE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Exal","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VINBLASTINE SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"VINBLASTINE SULFATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VINCALEUKOBLASTINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Velban","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Velban","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Velban","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Velbe","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Velbe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Velsar","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vinblastine Sulfate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vinblastine Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Vinblastine Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vinblastine sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"49842"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042671"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"143-67-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N00W22YO2B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688303"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688303"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C46H58N4O9.H2O4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vinblastine_Sulfate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:9984"}]}}{"C933":{"preferredName":"Vincristine","code":"C933","definitions":[{"description":"The active ingredient in a drug used to treat acute leukemia. It is used in combination with other drugs to treat Hodgkin disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, and Wilms tumor. Vincristine is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks cell growth by stopping cell division. It is a type of vinca alkaloid and a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Vinca rosea Linn. Vincristine binds irreversibly to microtubules and spindle proteins in S phase of the cell cycle and interferes with the formation of the mitotic spindle, thereby arresting tumor cells in metaphase. This agent also depolymerizes microtubules and may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca++ -transport ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"22-Oxovincaleukoblastine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEUROCRISTINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leurocristine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VCR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINCRISTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"VINCRISTINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vincristine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vincristine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Vincristine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincristine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Vincristine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Vincrystine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vincristine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042679"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"57-22-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Lymphoma, Hodgkins, Non-Hodgkins; Malignant thymoma; Multiple myeloma; Osteogenic sarcoma; Ovarian cancer; Pheochromocytoma; Retinoblastoma; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Soft tissue sarcoma; Testicular cancer; Wilms tumor"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute leukemia; Brain tumors; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia; Gestational trophoblastic neoplasms; Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma; Kaposis sarcoma; Liver cancer;"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5J49Q6B70F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C46H56N4O10"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vincristine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28445"}]}}{"C2104":{"preferredName":"Vincristine Liposomal","code":"C2104","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal formulation of Vincristine designed to reduce toxicity and improve efficacy. Vincristine binds irreversibly to microtubules and spindle proteins in S phase of the cell cycle and interferes with the formation of the mitotic spindle, thereby arresting tumor cells in metaphase. This agent also depolymerizes microtubules and may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca++ -transport ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipid-Encapsulated Vincristine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Vincristine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onco TCS","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VincaXome","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincacine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincristine Liposomal","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vincristine Liposomal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincristine Liposome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincristine, Liposomal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519991"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vincristine_Liposomal"}]}}{"C1739":{"preferredName":"Vincristine Sulfate","code":"C1739","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat acute leukemia. It is used in combination with other drugs to treat Hodgkin disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, and Wilms tumor. Oncovin is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks cell growth by stopping cell division. It is a type of vinca alkaloid and a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sulfate salt of a natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Catharanthus roseus (Vinca rosea L.) with antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Vincristine binds irreversibly to microtubules and spindle proteins in S phase of the cell cycle and interferes with the formation of the mitotic spindle, thereby arresting tumor cells in metaphase. This agent also depolymerizes microtubules and may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca(2+)-activated ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kyocristine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kyocristine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leurocristine Sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leurocristine sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Leurocristine, sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Oncovin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncovin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Oncovin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VINCRISTINE SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"VINCRISTINE SULFATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vincasar","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincasar PFS","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincosid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincrex","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincristine Sulfate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vincristine Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincristine, sulfate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"vincristine sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"67574"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042680"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2068-78-2"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Neuroblastoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T5IRO3534A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42251"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42251"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C46H56N4O10.H2O4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vincristine_Sulfate"}]}}{"C2702":{"preferredName":"Vincristine Sulfate Liposome","code":"C2702","definitions":[{"description":"A sphingomyelin/cholesterol liposomal formulation of vincristine sulfate with potential antineoplastic activity. Vincristine, a vinca alkaloid isolated from the plant Vinca rosea, irreversibly binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby interrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, thereby preventing the formation of the mitotic spindle and leading to cell cycle arrest in metaphase. Liposomal encapsulation prolongs bioavailability of vincristine, increases its delivery to tumor tissues and reduces its toxicity profile. Compared to standard liposomal delivery, sphingosomal drug delivery further increases circulation time of serum drug and enhances drug accumulation at tumor sites, thereby leading to a further increase in efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Marqibo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vincristine Sulfate Liposome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vincristine Sulfate Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935690"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38100"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38100"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vincristine_Sulfate_Liposomes"}]}}{"C934":{"preferredName":"Vindesine","code":"C934","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of plant drugs called vinca alkaloids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic derivative of vinblastine, a naturally occurring vinca alkaloid. Vindesine binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby interrupting tubulin polymerization and preventing the formation of the mitotic spindle and cell division; treated cells are unable to undergo mitosis and are arrested in metaphase. This agent also disrupts macromolecular synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-(Aminocarbonyl)-O4-deacetyl-3-de-(methoxycarbonyl)vincaleukoblastine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compound 112531","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAVA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DAVA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"DVA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deacetyl Vinblastine Carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deacetylvinblastine Carboxamide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desacetylvinblastine Amide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lilly CT-3231","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VDS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINDESINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"VINDESINE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vindesine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vindesine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042682"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"53643-48-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"RSA8KO39WH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39732"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39732"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C43H55N5O7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vindesine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:36373"}]}}{"C1274":{"preferredName":"Vinepidine","code":"C1274","definitions":[{"description":"A vinca alkaloid compound and semi-synthetic vincristine derivative with antineoplastic activity. Vinepidine binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby preventing tubulin polymerization and depolymerization, which result in microtubule assembly and disassembly, respectively. Treated cells are unable to complete mitosis process and are arrested in the metaphase, thereby leading to an inhibition of cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-Deoxyepivincristine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINEPIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vinepidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0078255"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"68170-69-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"W3375J6V0Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C46H56N4O9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vinepidine"}]}}{"C61564":{"preferredName":"Vinflunine","code":"C61564","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of bladder cancer, lung cancer, and other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bi-fluorinated derivative of the semi-synthetic vinca alkaloid vinorelbine with antitubulin, antineoplastic, and antiangiogenic activities. Vinflunine inhibits tubulin assembly without any stablization of assembled microtubules at concentrations comparable to those of other vinca alkaloids such as vincristine, vinblastine and vinorelbine; this effect on microtubule dynamics results in cell cycle arrest in mitosis and apoptosis. Compared to other vinca alkaloids, this agent binds weakly to the vinca-binding site, indicating that vinflunine may exhibit reduced neurotoxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4'-Deoxy-20',20'-difluoro-C'-norvincaleukoblastine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINFLUNINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vinflunine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vinflunine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vinflunine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0672663"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"162652-95-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"5BF646324K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"419548"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"419548"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C45H54F2N4O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vinflunine"}]}}{"C76266":{"preferredName":"Vinflunine Ditartrate","code":"C76266","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of bladder cancer, lung cancer, and other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The ditartrate salt of vinflunine, a bi-fluorinated derivative of the semisynthetic vinca alkaloid vinorelbine with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Vinflunine binds to tubulin and inhibits tubulin assembly and disrupts microtubule assembly dynamics. This results in cell cycle arrest in mitosis and an induction of apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Javlor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VINFLUNINE DITARTRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vinflunine Ditartrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700251"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"194468-36-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"33MG53C7XW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C45H54F2N4O8.2C4H6O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vinflunine_Ditartrate"}]}}{"C2378":{"preferredName":"Vinfosiltine","code":"C2378","definitions":[{"description":"An aminophosphonate derivative of a vinca alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Vinfosiltine exerts its antineoplastic action just like its parent compound, vinblastine, by immobilizing tubulin molecules, thereby interrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. As a result, vinfosiltine prevents mitotic spindle formation and leads to cell cycle arrest in metaphase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"S12363","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINFOSILTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vincaleukoblastine, O4-Deacetyl-3-de(methoxycarbonyl)-3-(((1-(diethoxyphosphinyl)-2-methylpropyl)amin)carbonyl)-,(3(S))-,Sulfate(Salt)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vinfosiltine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0084429"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123286-00-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AW1UYE6Q9I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41716"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"41716"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C51H72N5O10P"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vinfosiltine"}]}}{"C1275":{"preferredName":"Vinorelbine","code":"C1275","definitions":[{"description":"An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of plant drugs called vinca alkaloids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A semisynthetic vinca alkaloid. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin and prevents formation of the mitotic spindle, resulting in the arrest of tumor cell growth in metaphase. This agent may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP. and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca++ -transport ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3',4'-Didehydro-4'-deoxy-C'-norvincaleukoblastine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5'-Nor-Anhydrovinblastine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dihydroxydeoxynorvinkaleukoblastine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINORELBINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nor-5'-Anhydrovinblastine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vinorelbine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0078257"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"71486-22-1"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Breast cancer; Cervical cancer; Non-small cell lung cancer; Ovarian cancer; Prostate cancer"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"Q6C979R91Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C45H54N4O8"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vinorelbine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:480999"}]}}{"C1395":{"preferredName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate","code":"C1395","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat advanced non-small cell lung cancer. It blocks cell growth by stopping cell division and may cause cancer cells to die. It is a type of vinca alkaloid and a type of antimitotic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The ditartrate salt of a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid derived from the leaves of the periwinkle plant (Vinca rosea) with antineoplastic properties. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin, thereby inhibiting tubulin polymerization into microtubules and spindle formation and resulting in apoptosis of susceptible cancer cells. Inhibition of mitotic microtubules correlates with antitumor activity, whereas inhibition of axonal microtubules seems to correlate with vinorelbine's neurotoxicity. Compared to related vinca alkaloids, vinorelbine is more selective against mitotic than axonal microtubules in vitro, which may account for its decreased neurotoxicity. This agent is also a radiation-sensitizing agent. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biovelbin","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eunades","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KW-2307","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Navelbine","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Navelbine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Navelbine Ditartrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Navelbine ditartrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"VINORELBINE TARTRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine Ditartrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vinorelbine tartrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"608210"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0377401"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"125317-39-7"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Non-small cell lung cancer; metastatic breast cancer; uterine and cervical cancer; desmoid tumors; advanced Kaposi's sarcoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"253GQW851Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40449"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40449"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C45H54N4O8.2C4H6O6"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vinorelbine_Ditartrate"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:32296"}]}}{"C66943":{"preferredName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate Emulsion","code":"C66943","definitions":[{"description":"An emulsion containing the tartrate salt of the semisynthetic vinca alkaloid vinorelbine with antineoplastic activity. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin, inhibiting tubulin polymerization into microtubules; cell division is prevented, the cell cycle is arrested metaphase and cell death ensues. In this formulation vinorelbine is emulsified in a homogeneous suspension of nanoparticles, which protects the venous endothelium from coming into direct contact with the active ingredient, potentially reducing vinorelbine-associated venous toxicity at the venous injection site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANX-530","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate Emulsion","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate Emulsion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate Injectable Emulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883539"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"538399"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"538399"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vinorelbine_Tartrate_Emulsion"}]}}{"C85457":{"preferredName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate Oral","code":"C85457","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable tartrate salt of vinorelbine, a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin, thereby inhibiting tubulin polymerization into microtubules and spindle formation and resulting in apoptosis of susceptible cancer cells. Inhibition of mitotic microtubules correlates with antitumor activity, whereas inhibition of axonal microtubules seems to correlate with vinorelbine's neurotoxicity. Compared to related vinca alkaloids, vinorelbine is more selective against mitotic than axonal microtubules in vitro, which may account for its decreased neurotoxicity. This agent is also a radiation-sensitizing agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vinorelbine Tartrate Oral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL412328"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642976"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"642976"}]}}{"C62525":{"preferredName":"Vintafolide","code":"C62525","definitions":[{"description":"A water-soluble, folate-receptor-targeted conjugate of folate and the vinca alkaloid desacetylvinblastine monohydrazide (DAVLBH) with potential antineoplastic activity. The folate moiety of vintafolide binds to folic acid receptors on the tumor cell surface and the agent is internalized via folate receptor-mediated endocytosis, delivering the tubulin-binding DAVLBH moiety directly into the tumor cell; DAVLBH binding to tubulin results in the disruption of microtubule assembly-disassembly dynamics, cell cycle arrest, and tumor cell apoptosis. Folic acid receptors are frequently upregulated on the surfaces of many tumor cell types. DAVLBH is a derivative of the natural product vinblastine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EC145","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate-Vinca Alkaloid Conjugate EC145","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINTAFOLIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vintafolide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vintafolide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831870"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"742092-03-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"36O410ZD4I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488470"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"488470"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C86H109N21O26S2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"EC145"}]}}{"C1276":{"preferredName":"Vinzolidine","code":"C1276","definitions":[{"description":"An orally active semisynthetic vinca alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Like other vinca alkaloid compounds, vinzolidine binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. As a result, vinzolidine prevents mitotic spindle formation and leads to cell cycle arrest in metaphase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2H-3,7-Methanoazacycloundecino(5,4-b)indole-9-carboxylic acid, 9-((2-beta,3-beta,4-beta,5-alpha,12-beta,19-alpha)-4-(acetyloxy)-3'-(2-chloroethyl)-6,7-didehydro-16-methoxy-1-methyl-2',4'-dioxospiro(aspidospermidine-3,5'-oxazolidin)-15-yl)-5-ethyl-1,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-octahydro-5-hydroxy-, methyl ester, (3R-(3R*,5S*,7R*,9S*))-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINZOLIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vinzolidine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0078282"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"67699-40-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"533U947V6Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39733"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39733"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C48H58ClN5O9"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vinzolidine"}]}}{"C87288":{"preferredName":"Vinzolidine Sulfate","code":"C87288","definitions":[{"description":"The sulfate salt of vinzolidine, an orally active semisynthetic vinca alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Like other vinca alkaloid compounds, vinzolidine binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. As a result, vinzolidine prevents mitotic spindle formation and leads to cell cycle arrest in metaphase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2h-3,7-Methanoazacycloundecino(5,4-Beta)Indole-9-Carboxylic Acid, 9-((2Beta,3Beta,4Beta,5Alpha,12Beta,19Alpha)-4-(Acetyloxy)-3'-(2-Chloroethyl)-6,7-Didehydro-16-Methoxy-1-Methyl-2',4'-Dioxospiro(Aspidospermidine-3,5'-Oxazolidin)-15-Yl)-5-Ethy","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY104208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Methyl (3R,5S,7R,9S)-9-[3'-(2-Chloroethyl)-6,7-Didehydro-4Beta-Hydroxy-16-Methoxy-1-Methyl-2',4'-Dioxo-2Beta,3Beta,5Alpha,12Beta,19Alpha-Spiro(Aspidospermidine-3,5'-Oxazolidin]-15-yl)-5-Ethyl-1,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-Octahydro-5-Hydroxy-2H-3,7-Methano","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VINZOLIDINE SULFATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vinzolidine Sulfate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2828244"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"67699-41-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"78NZ2PMP25"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C48H58ClN5O9.H2O4S"}]}}{"C26677":{"preferredName":"Virulizin","code":"C26677","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that activates some types of immune system cells, and is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called biological therapy agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural biological response modifier (BRM) isolated from bovine reticuloendothelial tissue. Viruzlin may enhance cell-mediated immune response to tumor cells by direct macrophage activation. 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It blocks a type of protein involved in tissue growth and repair and may block the growth of cancer cells. It is a type of Hedgehog signaling pathway antagonist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Hedgehog antagonist GDC-0449 targets the Hedgehog signaling pathway, blocking the activities of the Hedgehog-ligand cell surface receptors PTCH and/or SMO and suppressing Hedgehog signaling. The Hedgehog signaling pathway plays an important role in tissue growth and repair; aberrant constitutive activation of Hedgehog pathway signaling and uncontrolled cellular proliferation may be associated with mutations in the Hedgehog-ligand cell surface receptors PTCH and SMO.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-chloro-N-[4-chloro-3-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl]-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erivedge","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0449","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-0449","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hedgehog Antagonist GDC-0449","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VISMODEGIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vismodegib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vismodegib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348949"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"879085-55-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"basal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"25X868M3DS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586417"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"586417"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H14Cl2N2O3S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hedgehog_Antagonist_GDC-0449"}]}}{"C88329":{"preferredName":"Vistusertib","code":"C88329","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vistusertib inhibits the activity of mTOR, which may result in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in a variety of tumors, plays an important role downstream in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 2014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-2014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD2014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, 3-(2,4-Bis((3S)-3-methyl-4-morpholinyl)pyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-7-yl)-N-methyl-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VISTUSERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vistusertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vistusertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2981846"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1009298-59-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"0BSC3P4H5X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662098"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"662098"}]}}{"C1883":{"preferredName":"Vitamin D3 Analogue ILX23-7553","code":"C1883","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied as an anticancer drug.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A vitamin D3 analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. ILX23-7553 binds to and activates the vitamin D receptor, a cytoplasmic polypeptide expressed in normal vitamin D responsive tissues, but also overexpressed in certain cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. Mediated through vitamin D receptor, this agent induces cancer cell differentiation, inhibits cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis. In addition, ILX23-7553 may also induce growth arrest and apoptosis independent of vitamin D receptor activation through mechanisms that are not fully elucidated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,25-dihydroxy-16-ene-23-yne-cholecalciferol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"16-23-D3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"9,10-Secocholesta-5,7,10(19),16-tetraen-23-yne-1,3,25-triol, (1alpha,3beta,5Z,7E)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BXL 353","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILEX 23-7553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILX 237553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILX-237553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILX23-7553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ILX23-7553","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ILX237553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 237553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-23-7553","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"RO-237553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO237553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ro23-7553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin D3 Analogue ILX23-7553","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0966846"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"118694-43-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"O13QTC8612"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37861"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37861"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ILX23-7553"}]}}{"C942":{"preferredName":"Vitamin E Compound","code":"C942","definitions":[{"description":"A fat-soluble vitamin which is primarily a chain-breaking antioxidant that prevents the propagation of lipid peroxidation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A nutrient that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Vitamin E helps prevent cell damage caused by free radicals (highly reactive chemicals). It is fat-soluble (can dissolve in fats and oils) and is found in seeds, nuts, leafy vegetables, and vegetable oils. Not enough vitamin E can result in infertility (the inability to produce children). It is being studied in the prevention and treatment of some types of cancer. Vitamin E is a type of antioxidant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A natural fat-soluble antioxidant with potential chemopreventive activity. Also known as tocopherol, vitamin E ameliorates free-radical damage to biological membranes, protecting polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) within membrane phospholipids and within circulating lipoproteins. Peroxyl radicals react 1000-fold faster with vitamin E than with PUFA. In the case of oxygen free radical-mediated tumorigenesis, vitamin E may be chemopreventive. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)chroman-6-ol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5,7,8-Trimethyltocol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E Vitamin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Vitamin E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Vitamin E Compound","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vitamin E Compound","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vitamin E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"20812"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042874"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1406-18-4"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Vitamin E deficiency"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38321"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38321"},{"name":"US_Recommended_Intake","value":"Y"},{"name":"Tolerable_Level","value":"Y"},{"name":"Unit","value":"mg"},{"name":"Nutrient","value":"Y"},{"name":"Micronutrient","value":"Y"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vitamin_E"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:33234"}]}}{"C2432":{"preferredName":"Vitespen","code":"C2432","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine made from a patient's tumor cells that may help the body's immune system kill cancer cells. This vaccine is used to treat kidney cancer, a type of brain cancer called glioma, and metastatic melanoma (a type of skin cancer that has spread). It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autologous cancer vaccine derived from tumor-specific gp96 heat shock proteins. Heat shock proteins chaperone peptides through the endoplasmic reticulum, are key regulators of dendritic cell maturation, migration and antigen processing, and are involved in T-cell activation. 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Upon administration of CMP-001, the VLPs are specifically taken up by and release the oligonucleotide into antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). In turn, the oligonucleotide binds to and activates intracellular TLR9. This stimulates immune signaling pathways, induces the innate immune system and may promote the immune system to attack tumor cells. VLPs stimulate the immune system. TLR9, a member of the TLR family, plays a key role in both pathogen recognition and the activation of innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARB-1598","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMP-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYT 003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYT-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VLP-encapsulated TLR9 Agonist CMP-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"VLP-encapsulated TLR9 Agonist CMP-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504961"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779977"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779977"}]}}{"C91734":{"preferredName":"Vocimagene Amiretrorepvec","code":"C91734","definitions":[{"description":"A replication competent retroviral vector, derived from the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV), encoding a modified form of the yeast suicide gene cytosine deaminase (CD) (Toca 511) used as an antineoplastic adjuvant. Upon transcranial injection, vocimagene amiretrorepvec preferentially enters and transfects tumor cells, and expresses cytosine deaminase, an enzyme that catalyzes the intracellular conversion of the prodrug flucytosine (5-FC) into the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). After administration of 5-FC, the tumor can be eradicated upon activation of 5-FU.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNA (Synthetic Toca 511-encoding Retroviral Vector AC3-yCD2(V))","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toca 511","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOCIMAGENE AMIRETROREPVEC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vocimagene Amiretrorepvec","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vocimagene Amiretrorepvec","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421655"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1300724-82-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DC4WO3WA4Q"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681586"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"681586"}]}}{"C116863":{"preferredName":"Vofatamab","code":"C116863","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 3 (FGFR3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, vofatamab specifically binds to and inhibits both wild-type and mutated forms of FGFR3. This may result in the inhibition of FGFR3 phosphorylation, and thereby preventing its activation and FGFR3-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of cell death in FGFR3-expressing tumor cells. FGFR3, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-701","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MFGR-1877S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MFGR1877A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MFGR1877S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7444","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOFATAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vofatamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vofatamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL421586"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1312305-12-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"JMH6YR91PG"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673995"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"673995"}]}}{"C79844":{"preferredName":"Volasertib","code":"C79844","definitions":[{"description":"A dihydropteridinone Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Volasertib selectively inhibits Plk1, inducing selective G2/M arrest followed by apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells while causing reversible cell arrest at the G1 and G2 stage without apoptosis in normal cells. Plk1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in regulating mitotic spindle function in a non-ATP competitive manner.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 6727","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-6727","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzamide, N-(Trans-4-(4-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-1-Piperazinyl)Cyclohexyl)-4-(((7r)-7-Ethyl-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-5-Methyl-8-(1-Methylethyl)-6-Oxo-2-Pteridinyl)Amino)-3-Methoxy-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor BI 6727","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOLASERTIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Volasertib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Volasertib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2703181"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"755038-65-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6EM57086EA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"630756"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"630756"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H50N8O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polo-like_Kinase_1_Inhibitor_BI_6727"}]}}{"C48426":{"preferredName":"Volociximab","code":"C48426","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Volociximab binds to a protein that is found on cells that line some tumor blood vessels. It is a type of angiogenesis inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chimeric monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Volociximab binds to and inhibits the activity of alpha(5)beta(1) integrin, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and angiogenesis. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-alpha5-beta1 Integrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M200","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M200","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VOLOCIXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Volociximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-a5-beta1 Integrin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"volociximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541160"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"558480-40-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"496K5Z02NW"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415313"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"415313"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Volociximab"}]}}{"C121376":{"preferredName":"Vonlerolizumab","code":"C121376","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic humanized monoclonal antibody against the receptor, OX40 (CD134), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, vonlerolizumab selectively binds to and activates OX40, by mimicking the action of endogenous OX40 ligand (OX40L). OX40 activation induces proliferation of effector T-lymphocytes and inhibits the activity of regulatory T-cells. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response against the TAA-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody MOXR0916","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MOXR0916","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pogalizumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 7888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-7888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG7888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7021608","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VONLEROLIZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vonlerolizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474130"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1638935-72-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"C78148TF1D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792458"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792458"}]}}{"C129876":{"preferredName":"Vopratelimab","code":"C129876","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic humanized monoclonal antibody that recognizes inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-ICOS agonist monoclonal antibody JTX-2011 targets and binds to ICOS expressed on certain T-cells. This stimulates ICOS-mediated signaling, induces proliferation of ICOS-positive T-cells, enhances cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) survival and augments the CTL-mediated immune response against tumor cells. ICOS, a T-cell specific, CD28-superfamily co-stimulatory molecule and immune checkpoint protein, is normally expressed on certain activated T-cells and plays a key role in the proliferation and activation of T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Agonist MAb JTX-2011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ICOS Agonist Monoclonal Antibody JTX-2011","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ICOS Agonist Monoclonal Antibody JTX-2011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JTX-2011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOPRATELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vopratelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512902"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QXN20J93AH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784959"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"784959"}]}}{"C1796":{"preferredName":"Vorinostat","code":"C1796","definitions":[{"description":"A drug that is used to treat cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that does not get better, gets worse, or comes back during or after treatment with other drugs. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Vorinostat is a type of histone deacetylase inhibitor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic hydroxamic acid derivative with antineoplastic activity. Vorinostat, a second generation polar-planar compound, binds to the catalytic domain of the histone deacetylases (HDACs). This allows the hydroxamic moiety to chelate zinc ion located in the catalytic pockets of HDAC, thereby inhibiting deacetylation and leading to an accumulation of both hyperacetylated histones and transcription factors. Hyperacetylation of histone proteins results in the upregulation of the cyclin-dependant kinase p21, followed by G1 arrest. Hyperacetylation of non-histone proteins such as tumor suppressor p53, alpha tubulin, and heat-shock protein 90 produces additional anti-proliferative effects. This agent also induces apoptosis and sensitizes tumor cells to cell death processes. Vorinostat crosses the blood-brain barrier.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L-001079038","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSK-390","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Hydroxy-N'-phenyloctanediamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAHA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAHA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Suberanilohydroxamic Acid","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Suberanilohydroxamic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VORINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vorinostat","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vorinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zolinza","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zolinza","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"vorinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"701852"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0672708"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"149647-78-9"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"58IFB293JI"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37944"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"37944"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C14H20N2O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Suberoylanilide_Hydroxamic_Acid"}]}}{"C95896":{"preferredName":"Vorolanib","code":"C95896","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule dual inhibitor targeting human vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) with antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Vorolanib inhibits all isoforms of VEGFR and PDGFR, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. Both VEGFRs and PDGFRs are receptor tyrosine kinases that may be upregulated in various tumor cell types. Vorolanib has been shown to reduce tissue toxicity by 95 percent compared with first-generation kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S,Z)-N-(1-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)-5-((5-fluoro-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)methyl)-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM 082","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM-082","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM082","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOROLANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vorolanib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vorolanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X 82","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"X-82","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428293"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1013920-15-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"YP8G3I74EL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695817"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"695817"}]}}{"C88315":{"preferredName":"Vorsetzumab Mafodotin","code":"C88315","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody, directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule, conjugated to the auristatin analogue monomethyl auristatin phenylalanine (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-CD70 antibody moiety of vorsetuzumab mafodotin selectively binds to the extracellular domain of CD70 on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internalization, the MMAF moiety is released, binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase arrest, tumor cell apoptosis and inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress CD70. CD70, the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27 and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is found on the surfaces of various types of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD70 MoAb SGN70-MMAF Conjugate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN 75","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-75","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VORSETUZUMAB MAFODOTIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vorsetzumab Mafodotin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vorsetzumab Mafodotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL413570"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1165741-01-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"699619YVTQ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660730"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"660730"}]}}{"C95148":{"preferredName":"Vosaroxin","code":"C95148","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and a naphthyridine analogue with antineoplastic activity. Vosaroxin intercalates into DNA in a site-specific manner and blocks the re-ligation process carried out by topoisomerase II during DNA replication. As a result, inhibition of DNA replication, RNA and protein synthesis occurs, followed by cell cycle arrest at G2 phase and induced p53-independent apoptosis. This agent shows a favorable toxicity profile in several aspects: it does not generate reactive oxygen species, as do anthracyclines, hence reducing the risk of cardiotoxicity; it is not a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate, and thereby evades the common mechanism for multidrug resistance; and it has limited distribution to normal tissues and a more chemically stable molecular structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1,4-Dihydro-7-(3-methoxy-4-methylamino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-oxo-1-(2-thiazolyl)-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG-7352","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS 595","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNS-595","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPC 595","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOSAROXIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Voreloxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vosaroxin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vosaroxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"20233886"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1451341"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"175414-77-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"K6A90IIZ19"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"393833"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"393833"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C18H19N5O4S"}]}}{"C71704":{"preferredName":"Voxtalisib","code":"C71704","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinases in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Voxtalisib inhibits both PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase downstream of PI3K, may also be activated in a PI3K-independent fashion in response to nutrient and energy deprivation. Accordingly, this agent maybe more potent compared to an agent that inhibits either PI3K kinase or mTOR kinase alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SAR-245409","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR245409","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VOXTALISIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Voxtalisib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Voxtalisib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL-765","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XL765","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348352"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"CVL1685GPH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558907"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"558907"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dual_Kinase_Inhibitor_XL765"}]}}{"C1658":{"preferredName":"Warfarin Sodium","code":"C1658","definitions":[{"description":"The sodium salt form of warfarin, a coumarin and a vitamin K antagonist, with anticoagulant activity. Warfarin sodium inhibits both vitamin K and vitamin K epoxide reductases, thereby interfering with the cyclic interconversion of vitamin K epoxide to its reduced form, vitamin KH2. Vitamin KH2 is a cofactor for the carboxylation of glutamate residues on the N-terminal regions of vitamin K-dependent proteins. As a result, maturation of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X and anticoagulant proteins C and S is inhibited. Without these coagulation factors, thrombogenesis and blood clot formation are prevented.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Coumadin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coumadin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Marevan","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panwarfin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panwarfin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Prothromadin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Prothromadin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tintorane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WARFARIN SODIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Waran","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Warfarin Sodium","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Warfarin Sodium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Warfilone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0376218"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"129-06-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6153CWM0CL"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39740"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39740"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H15O4.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Warfarin_Sodium"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:10034"}]}}{"C126649":{"preferredName":"White Carrot","code":"C126649","definitions":[{"description":"A vegetable, also known as Arracacha, with potential chemoprevenitve, anti-oxidant and protective activities. White carrot contains a variety of nutrients, including minerals and vitamins. Polyacetylenes, including falcarinol, falcarindiol and falcarindiol-3-acetate are mainly responsible for its potential anti-cancer activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"White Carrot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL503765"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779793"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779793"}]}}{"C122693":{"preferredName":"Wnt Signaling Inhibitor SM04755","code":"C122693","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Wnt signaling inhibitor SM04755 targets and binds to an as of yet undisclosed target in the Wnt signaling pathway, thereby preventing Wnt-mediated signaling. This may inhibit growth of tumor cells in which the Wnt signaling pathway is overactivated. The Wnt signaling pathway is upregulated in many cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SM04755","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wnt Signaling Inhibitor SM04755","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Wnt Signaling Inhibitor SM04755","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL474102"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C142777":{"preferredName":"Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitor SM08502","code":"C142777","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SM08502 inhibits the expression of genes involved in the Wnt signaling pathway through an as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism. This decreased expression of Wnt pathway-related genes prevents Wnt signaling and may inhibit proliferation of cancer cells in which the Wnt signaling pathway is overactivated. The Wnt signaling pathway is dysregulated in many cancer cell types and plays a crucial role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SM 08502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-08502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM08502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitor SM08502","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitor SM08502","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540726"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791574"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"791574"}]}}{"C113435":{"preferredName":"Wnt-5a Mimic Hexapeptide Foxy-5","code":"C113435","definitions":[{"description":"A formylated, six amino acid, Wnt5a-derived peptide and wnt-5a mimetic with potential anti-metastatic activity. Upon intravenous administration, Wnt-5a mimic hexapeptide foxy-5 binds to and activates the wnt-5a receptors, Frizzled-2 and -5, which activates wnt-5a-mediated signaling. Increased wnt-5a signaling may inhibit endothelial tumor cell migration and invasion. This may decrease metastasis of susceptible tumor cells. However, foxy-5 does not affect tumor cell proliferation or apoptosis. Foxy-5 lacks a heparan sulfate-binding domain and contains a formyl group on its NH2-terminal methionine residue which decreases in vivo degradation. Decreased expression of wnt-5a protein is associated with increased motility of certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Foxy-5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wnt-5a Mimic Hexapeptide Foxy-5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL458229"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756269"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"756269"}]}}{"C28501":{"preferredName":"Wobe-Mugos E","code":"C28501","definitions":[{"description":"A mixture made from an extract of the calf thymus gland and enzymes (proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body) from the papaya plant, the pancreas of cows, and the pancreas of pigs. It has been used in Europe as a treatment for a variety of cancers and for herpes virus infections.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An enzymatic preparation containing proteolytic enzymes papain, trypsin and chymotrypsin with potential anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic activities. Papain can be extracted from the fruit of the papaya plant. Trypsin and chymotrypsin are serine proteases produced and secreted by the pancreas. Although its exact mechanisms has yet to be fully illustrated, Wobe-Mugos E appears to have the ability to modulate the immune system by degrading cytokines, and cytokine receptors and clearing circulating immune protein complexes, as well as disrupting adhesion molecules. This agent has been shown to reduce chemotherapy-induced toxicity, inhibit tumor cell proliferation and prolong survival rates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wobe-Mugos E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wobe-Mugos E","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935809"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38247"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Wobe-Mugos_E"}]}}{"C106257":{"preferredName":"WT1 Peptide Vaccine OCV-501","code":"C106257","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of a peptide derived from Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT1) protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, WT1 peptide vaccine OCV-501 may stimulate a CD4-positive helper T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response against WT1 expressing cells. WT1 protein, a zinc finger DNA-binding protein, is overexpressed in leukemic cells and in some solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OCV-501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WT1 Peptide Vaccine OCV-501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433890"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713831"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"713831"}]}}{"C102751":{"preferredName":"WT1 Peptide Vaccine WT2725","code":"C102751","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of a peptide derived from Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT1) protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, WT2725 may induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1-overexpressing tumor cells. WT1 protein, a zinc finger DNA-binding protein, is overexpressed in leukemic cells and in a vast number of non-hematological solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"WT1 Peptide Vaccine WT2725","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"WT1 Peptide Vaccine WT2725","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WT2725","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL437008"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735821"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"735821"}]}}{"C121957":{"preferredName":"WT1 Protein-derived Peptide Vaccine DSP-7888","code":"C121957","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of peptides derived from the Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT1) protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, WT1 protein-derived peptide vaccine DSP-7888 may induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, DSP-7888 induces a helper T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response against WT1 expressing tumor cells. WT1 protein, a zinc finger DNA-binding protein and transcription factor, is overexpressed in leukemic cells and in many non-hematological solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DSP-7888","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WT1 Protein-derived Peptide Vaccine DSP-7888","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"WT1 Protein-derived Peptide Vaccine DSP-7888","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053649"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772161"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772161"}]}}{"C78865":{"preferredName":"WT1-A10/AS01B Immunotherapeutic GSK2130579A","code":"C78865","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic consisting of the recombinant fusion protein WT1-A10 combined with the adjuvant ASO1B with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, WT1-A10/AS01B immunotherapeutic GSK2130579AWT1 may induce a WT1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1-expressing tumor cells, resulting in cell lysis and the inhibition of cellular proliferation. The tumor-associated antigen WT1 (Wilms tumor protein-1) is overexpressed in most types of leukemia and in a variety of solid cancers. WT1-A10 is a 292 amino acid recombinant fusion protein consisting of a 12-mer truncated tat sequence (leader sequence) and amino acids number 2-281 of the WT1 sequence; ASO1B consists of a combination of the adjuvants monophosporyl lipd A (MPL) and Q21.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK2130579A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WT1-A10/AS01B Immunotherapeutic GSK2130579A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"WT1-A10/AS01B Immunotherapeutic GSK2130579A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387745"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610132"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"610132"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"WT1_Vaccine_GSK2130579A"}]}}{"C148480":{"preferredName":"WT1/PSMA/hTERT-encoding Plasmid DNA INO-5401","code":"C148480","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation composed of three separate DNA plasmids encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) Wilms tumor gene-1 (WT1), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activites. Upon intramuscular delivery and electroporation of the WT1/PSMA/hTERT-encoding plasmid DNA INO-5401, the genes are translated into their respective proteins inside the cell. The expressed proteins activate the immune system and induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated response against cells expressing the WT1, PSMA and hTERT antigens, causing tumor cell lysis. hTERT, WT1 and PSMA are upregulated in many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INO 5401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-5401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO5401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WT1/PSMA/hTERT-encoding Plasmid DNA INO-5401","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"WT1/PSMA/hTERT-encoding Plasmid DNA INO-5401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551059"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795318"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"795318"}]}}{"C121950":{"preferredName":"Xanthohumol","code":"C121950","definitions":[{"description":"A prenylated flavonoid derived from the female flowers of the hops plant (Humulus lupulus L), with potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, xanthohumol scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby preventing DNA damage due to oxidative stress. In addition, xanthohumol is able to increase the expression of phase II cytoprotective enzymes, thereby inactivating carcinogens. This agent exerts anti-inflammatory activity, through the inhibition of inflammation-inducing enzymes, inhibits DNA synthesis, and induces apoptosis of susceptible cancer cells. Xanthohumol also decreases the expression of C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), thereby preventing cancer cell invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3'-[3,3-Dimethyl allyl]-2',4',4-trihydroxy-6'-methoxychalcone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XANTHOHUMOL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Xanthohumol","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0536128"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"6754-58-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"T4467YT1NT"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772021"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772021"}]}}{"C103823":{"preferredName":"XBP1-US/XBP1-SP/CD138/CS1 Multipeptide Vaccine PVX-410","code":"C103823","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine containing immunogenic, HLA-A2-specific epitopes derived from X-box-binding protein 1-unspliced (XBP1-US), XBP1-spliced (SP), syndecan-1 (CD138), and CS1 (CD2 subset 1, CRACC, SLAMF7, CD319) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, XBP1-US/XBP1-SP/CD138/CS1 multipeptide vaccine PVX-410 may stimulate the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against the four myeloma-specific antigens. The tumor associated antigens (TAAs) XBP1-US, XBP1-SP, CD138 and CS1, are overexpressed on the surface of multiple myeloma (MM) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PVX-410","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XBP1-US/XBP1-SP/CD138/CS1 Multipeptide Vaccine PVX-410","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"XBP1-US/XBP1-SP/CD138/CS1 Multipeptide Vaccine PVX-410","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438306"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742602"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"742602"}]}}{"C106118":{"preferredName":"Xentuzumab","code":"C106118","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized IgG1 insulin-like growth factor (IGF) monoclonal antibody targeting the IGF ligands 1 (IGF-1) and 2 (IGF-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, xentuzumab binds to both IGF-1 and IGF-2 and inhibits the binding of these ligands to their receptor, IGF-1R. This blocks the insulin growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway, which is upregulated in a number of cancer cell types and plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation and chemoresistance. In addition, BI 836845 prevents the binding of IGF-2 to insulin receptor variant A (IR-A), preventing its activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 836845","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin G1, Anti-(Human Insulin-like Growth Factor I) (Human Monoclonal PS05388 Heavy Chain), Disulfide with Human Monoclonal PS05388 Light Chain, Dimer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XENTUZUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Xentuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Xentuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827152"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1417158-65-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X86Z1O656G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697680"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"697680"}]}}{"C165272":{"preferredName":"Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction","code":"C165272","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction composed of Oldenlandia, Kuh-seng, Codonopsis pilosula, bighead atractylodes rhizome, smoked plum, the rhizome of Chinese goldthread, rhizome zingiberis preparata and semen Coicis, with potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of Xiaoai Jiedu decoction, the active ingredients in this decoction may inhibit a variety of signal transduction pathways involved in carcinogenesis. This may induce cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell formation and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978539"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799435"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799435"}]}}{"C49180":{"preferredName":"XIAP Antisense Oligonucleotide AEG35156","code":"C49180","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. AEG35156 may kill cancer cells by blocking the production of a protein called XIAP that helps cells live longer. It also makes cancer cells more sensitive to anticancer drugs. It is a type of antisense oligonucleotide, and a type of chemosensitizing agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A second-generation synthetic antisense oligonucleotide with potential antineoplastic activity. AEG35156 selectively blocks the cellular expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), a pivotal inhibitor of apoptosis that is overexpressed in many tumors. This agent reduces total levels of XIAP in tumor cells, working synergistically with cytotoxic drugs to overcome tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. XIAP interferes with both the intrinsic and extrinsic program-death signaling pathways, which may render tumor cells resistant to apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEG35156","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"AEG35156","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GEM640","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEM640","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"XIAP Antisense Oligonucleotide AEG35156","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1567121"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492218"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"492218"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AEG35156"}]}}{"C123913":{"preferredName":"XIAP/cIAP1 Antagonist ASTX660","code":"C123913","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, non-peptidomimetic antagonist of both X chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and cellular IAP 1 (cIAP1), with potential antineoplastic and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, XIAP/cIAP1 antagonist ASTX660 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of XIAP and cIAP1. This restores and promotes the induction of apoptotic signaling pathways in cancer cells, and inactivates the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB)-mediated survival pathway. XIAP and cIAP1 are overexpressed by many cancer cell types and suppress apoptosis by inhibiting the activity of certain caspases; they promote both cancer cell survival and chemotherapy resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASTX 660","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASTX660","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XIAP/cIAP1 Antagonist ASTX660","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"XIAP/cIAP1 Antagonist ASTX660","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL498277"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775838"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"775838"}]}}{"C128246":{"preferredName":"XPO1 Inhibitor SL-801","code":"C128246","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear export protein exportin-1 (XPO1; chromosome region maintenance 1 protein homolog; CRM1), with potential antineoplastic and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, XPO1 inhibitor SL-801 reversibly binds to the cargo binding site of XPO1, and prevents the XPO1-mediated nuclear export of cargo proteins, including tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs), such as p53, FOXO, p21, and p27, and leads to their selective accumulation in the nuclei of tumor cells. As a selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE), SL-801 restores the nuclear localization and function of TSPs, which leads to the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. XPO1, the major export factor that transports proteins and RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types while minimally expressed in normal, healthy cells. The dysregulated export of TSPs into the cytoplasm prevents TSP-initiated apoptosis. XPO1 overexpression leads to uncontrolled tumor cell proliferation and is associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CBS 9106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL 801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL-801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XPO1 Inhibitor SL-801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"XPO1 Inhibitor SL-801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3254642"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782045"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"782045"}]}}{"C2597":{"preferredName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","code":"C2597","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of the humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) CC49 labeled with Yttrium 90 (Y-90). MoAb CC49 recognizes the pancarcinoma tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72 with high affinity. Y-90 MoAb CC49 delivers beta particles emitting Y-90 radionuclide directly to tumor cells that express TAG-72, thereby this agent may be used in radioimmunotherapeutic treatment of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody CC49","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935674"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38082"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38082"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_CC49"}]}}{"C2541":{"preferredName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody HMFG1","code":"C2541","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of HMFG1, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor associated antigen mucin-1 (MUC-1), labeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope yttrium 90 (Y-90), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to MUC-1 on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, pemtumomab and delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to MUC1-expressing tumor cells. MUC1, a glycoprotein overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells, plays a key role in tumor cell survival and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB HMFG1, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Theragyn","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 MoAb HMFG1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody HMFG1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody HMFG1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody HMFG1, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 MOAB HMFG1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879349"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43644"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43644"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_HMFG1"}]}}{"C2247":{"preferredName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","code":"C2247","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of a murine monoclonal antibody, MoAb Lym-1, labeled with yttrium 90 (Y-90). MoAb Lym-1 recognizes an epitope of the histocompatibility antigen HLA-DR, which is over-expressed on most B-cell lymphomas. Y-90 MoAb Lym-1 delivers Y-90 radionuclide directly to tumor cells that express HLA-DR antigen, thereby this agent may be used in radioimmunotherapy of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB Lym-1, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 MoAb Lym-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody Lym-1, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 MOAB Lym-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796675"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43509"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43509"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_Lym-1"}]}}{"C2532":{"preferredName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody m170","code":"C2532","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of m170 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) conjugated with isotope yttrium 90. MoAb m170 is a murine MoAb that recognizes MUC-1 antigen present on the surface of many adenocarcinomas. This radioimmunoconjugate emits beta particles that cause cytotoxicity in tumor cells and has both imaging and therapeutic uses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB m170, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 MoAb m170","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody m170","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody m170","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody m170, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 MOAB m170","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796669"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43501"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43501"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_m170"}]}}{"C2248":{"preferredName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody M195","code":"C2248","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of humanized M195 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) conjugated with isotope yttrium 90. MoAb M195 is reactive with the cell surface antigen CD33, a glycoprotein found on myeloid leukemia blasts and early hematopoietic progenitor cells but not on normal stem cells. This radioimmunoconjugate emits beta particles that causes cytotoxicity in tumor cells and has both imaging and therapeutic uses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB M195, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 MoAb M195","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody M195","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody M195","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody M195, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879572"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38025"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38025"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_M195"}]}}{"C132024":{"preferredName":"Yang Yin Fu Zheng","code":"C132024","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based formulation, with potential immuno-enhancing, detoxifying and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, Yang Yin Fu Zheng may activate the immune system and may help inhibit tumor cell proliferation. This TCM may also help remove toxic substances.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fu Zheng Yang Yin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fu Zheng Yang Yin Decoction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TCM Yang Yin Fu Zheng","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yang Yin Fu Zheng","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2355396"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786518"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786518"}]}}{"C111897":{"preferredName":"Yangzheng Xiaoji Extract","code":"C111897","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based formulation containing the Yangzheng Xiaoji (YZXJ) extract, consisting of various components, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Some of the main components in Yangzheng Xiaoji are Radix Astragali, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Radix Ginseng, Ganoderma, Rhizoma Curcumac, Fried Rhizoma Atractylodis, Macrocephalae and Herba Hedyotidis. Although the exact mechanism(s) through which Yangzheng Xiaoji exerts its effects have yet to be fully elucidated, this agent, upon administration, inhibits the activation of various signaling protein kinases, such as focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin. This prevents signal transduction pathways that are upregulated in cancer, prevents the adhesion and migration of tumor cells and inhibits tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DME25","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YZXJ Extract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yangzheng Xiaoji Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3827131"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753388"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"753388"}]}}{"C132026":{"preferredName":"Yiqi-yangyin-jiedu Herbal Decoction","code":"C132026","definitions":[{"description":"A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) based formulation consisting of milkvetch root, glehnia root, asparagus root, lilyturf root, grossy privet fruit, spikemoss herb, Chinese sage herb, and manyleaf paris rhizome, with potential immuno-enhancing, detoxifying and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, yiqi-yangyin-jiedu decoction (YYJD) may activate the immune system by enhancing T-lymphocyte activity, and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. YYJD may also ameliorate the qi-yin deficiency syndrome by strengthening qi and nourishing yin. YYJD may help remove toxic substance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TCM Yiqi-yangyin-jiedu Decoction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YYJ Decoction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YYJD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yiqi Yangyin Jiedu Decoction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yiqi-yangyin-jiedu Herbal Decoction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL521287"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786577"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"786577"}]}}{"C74092":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody BU12","code":"C74092","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the murine IgG1 anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) BU12 labeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope yttrium Y 90 with radioisotopic and antibody activities. Yttrium Y 90 anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody BU12 binds to the CD19 molecule, specifically delivering cytotoxic beta radiation to CD19-expressing B cells. CD19 is a membrane antigen that is widely expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B-cell to early plasma cell stages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody BU12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody BU12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383553"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592567"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592567"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Anti-CD19_Monoclonal_Antibody_BU12"}]}}{"C74093":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12","code":"C74093","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of the monoclonal antibody AHN-12 conjugated to the radioisotope yttrium 90 with potential radioimmunotherapeutic activity. Yttrium Y 90 monoclonal antibody AHN-12 binds to the tyrosine phosphatase CD45, expressed on the surface of normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. After binding and internalization by CD45-expressing tumor cells, this agent may deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Y 90 AHN-12","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383503"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587979"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"587979"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Anti-CD45_Monoclonal_Antibody_AHN-12"}]}}{"C95698":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8","code":"C95698","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate containing the murine IgG1 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) BC8 labeled with yttrium 90 (Y90), with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Yttrium Y 90 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody BC8 binds to CD45 antigen, a receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase expressed on the surface of both normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. After binding and internalization by CD45-expressing tumor cells, this agent may deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90Y Anti-CD45 MoAb BC8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428164"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688830"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"688830"}]}}{"C122405":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CDH3 Monoclonal Antibody FF-21101","code":"C122405","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a chimeric monoclonal antibody targeting human cadherin-3 (CDH3) and labeled, via the macrocyclic chelator 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), with the beta-emitting radioisotope yttrium Y 90, with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of yttrium Y 90 anti-CDH3 monoclonal antibody FF-21101 binds to CDH3 expressed on tumor cells, thereby specifically delivering cytotoxic beta radiation to CDH3-expressing tumor cells. CDH3, also known as P-cadherin, is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and member of the cadherin family; it is overexpressed in a variety of tumors and plays a role in cell adhesion, motility, invasion, and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FF-21101(90Y)","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CDH3 Monoclonal Antibody FF-21101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CDH3 Monoclonal Antibody FF-21101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053526"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772801"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"772801"}]}}{"C77885":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody cT84.66","code":"C77885","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of a chimeric monoclonal antibody against human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) conjugated with the radioisotope yttrium 90 (Y-90) via the chelator tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of yttrium Y90 DOTA anti-CEA monoclonal antibody cT84.66 binds to cells expressing the CEA antigen. Upon cellular internalization, this agent selectively delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. CEA, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed in many cancer types, including gastrointestinal, breast, non-small cell lung, and thyroid cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody cT84.66","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody cT84.66","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody cT84.66","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cT84.66","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL387153"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592860"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592860"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_DOTA_Anti-CEA_Monoclonal_Antibody_cT84_66"}]}}{"C99167":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Basiliximab","code":"C99167","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate composed of basiliximab, a chimeric, mouse-human monoclonal antibody directed against the alpha subunit of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R alpha, CD25 or Tac antigen), and labeled with yttrium y 90, with potential antineoplastic activity. The basiliximab moiety of yttrium Y 90 basiliximab selectively binds to IL-2R alpha expressed on the surface of activated T-lymphocytes, thereby preventing IL-2 binding and blocking the IL-2-mediated activation of lymphocytes. The yttrium y 90 moiety selectively delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to lymphocytes that express the IL-2 receptor. This may prevent T cell-mediated activation of the immune system against a certain transplant and may prevent transplant rejection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90Y Basiliximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Basiliximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Basiliximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433016"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717514"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717514"}]}}{"C114495":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Colloid","code":"C114495","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable, colloidal formulation of the radioisotope yttrium Y 90, with potential antineoplastic activity. When injected into the tumor, the yttrium Y 90 colloid selectively delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta-emitting yttrium Y 90 to the tumor site, which may result in both tumor cell death and tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90Y Colloid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Colloid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL472321"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759092"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"759092"}]}}{"C2600":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Daclizumab","code":"C2600","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic radioimmunoconjugate comprised of a humanized anti-interleukin-2 (IL-2) antibody linked to the radioisotope Yttrium 90 with potential antineoplastic activity. Daclizumab binds with high affinity to the Tac (also called CD25) subunit of the IL-2 receptor complex and inhibits the binding of IL-2, thereby blocking the IL-2-mediated activation of lymphocytes. As Yttrium Y 90 daclizumab, daclizumab delivers radiation specifically to lymphocytes that express the IL-2 receptor. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Y90 Daclizumab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y90 MOAB Anti-Tac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Daclizumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Daclizumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935688"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38097"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38097"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Daclizumab"}]}}{"C77853":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody M5A","code":"C77853","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. M5A is a monoclonal antibody that binds to a protein called CEA on the surface of some tumor cells. It is linked to a radioisotope called yttrium Y 90, which may help kill the cancer cells. Yttrium Y 90 DOTA anti-CEA monoclonal antibody M5A is a type of radioimmunoconjugate and a type of radiopharmaceutical.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against the human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) conjugated with the radioisotope yttrium 90 (Y-90) via the chelator tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of yttrium Y 90 DOTA anti-CEA monoclonal antibody M5A binds to cells expressing the CEA antigen. Upon cellular internalization, this agent selectively delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. CEA, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed in many cancer types, including gastrointestinal, breast, non-small cell lung, and thyroid cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Y90-DOTA-M5A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YTTRIUM Y-90 DOTA ANTI-CEA MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY M5A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody M5A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody M5A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 DOTA anti-CEA monoclonal antibody M5A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL383554"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"I9O4Z8CE5L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592693"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"592693"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_DOTA_Anti-CEA_Monoclonal_Antibody_M5A"}]}}{"C38679":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Glass Microspheres","code":"C38679","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable formulation of yttrium Y 90 consisting of glass microspheres containing the radioisotope yttrium Y 90. When injected into the tumor vascular bed, yttrium Y 90 glass microspheres occlude tumor blood vessels and deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to the tumor site, thereby reducing the tumor burden. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TheraSphere","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Glass Microspheres","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Glass Microspheres","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Glass Microspheres","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134675"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, transarterial internal radiation"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38672"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38672"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Glass_Microspheres"}]}}{"C2614":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody B3","code":"C2614","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate of monoclonal antibody (MoAb) B3 conjugated with isotope yttrium 90. MoAb B3 is a murine MoAb that recognizes a Lewis Y carbohydrate antigen present on the surface of many carcinomas. This radioimmunoconjugate emits beta particles that causes cytotoxicity in tumor cells and has both diagnostic and therapeutic uses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90 Y-B3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MOAB B3, Yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody B3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y90-B3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody B3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"10815890"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935761"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38188"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38188"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_B3"}]}}{"C2607":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody BrE-3","code":"C2607","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunotherapeutic agent consisting of a monoclonal antibody (BrE-3) directed against the tumor-associated antigen epithelial glycoprotein mucin chelated to the radioisotope yttrium-90. Yttrium Y 90 monoclonal antibody BrE-3 binds to tumor cells expressing epithelial glycoprotein mucin, selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB BrE-3, Yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody BrE-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935731"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38148"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38148"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_BrE-3"}]}}{"C38678":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody Hu3S193","code":"C38678","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunotherapeutic agent consisting of a humanized murine monoclonal antibody (hu3S193) directed against the tumor-associated Lewis Y epithelial antigen chelated to the radioisotope yttrium-90. Yttrium Y 90 monoclonal antibody Hu3S193 binds to Lewis Y epithelial antigen-expressing tumor cells, selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Y90 MOAB Hu3S193","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody Hu3S193","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328082"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"340956"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"340956"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_Hu3S193"}]}}{"C2249":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody MN-14","code":"C2249","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunotherapeutic monoclonal antibody (MN-14) directed against tumor-associated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and chelated to the radioisotope yttrium-90 (Y 90). Yttrium 90 monoclonal antibody MN-14 binds to tumor cell expressing CEA, delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MOAB MN-14, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 MoAb MN-14","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody MN-14","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium 90 Monoclonal Antibody MN-14","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody MN-14","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"monoclonal antibody MN-14, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 MOAB MN-14","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879253"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43511"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43511"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Y_90_Monoclonal_Antibody_MN-14"}]}}{"C64539":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Resin Microspheres","code":"C64539","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable formulation of the radioisotope yttrium Y 90 encapsulated in resin microspheres with potential antineoplastic activity. When injected into arterial vasculature supplying the tumor, yttrium Y 90 resin microspheres occlude tumor blood vessels and selectively deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta emitting yttrium Y 90 to the tumor site, which may result in tumor cell death and tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SIR-Spheres","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Resin Microspheres","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Resin Microspheres","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Resin Microspheres","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831993"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hepatocellular carcinoma"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"523414"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"523414"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Resin_Microspheres"}]}}{"C1808":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-Biotin","code":"C1808","definitions":[{"description":"A compound that contains the radioisotope yttrium Y 90 linked to the chemical biotin. Biotin is a molecule that binds strongly to the chemical streptavidin. Yttrium Y 90 DOTA-biotin will find tumor cells in the body that have been targeted by an antibody linked to streptavidin and kill them. It is being studied together with CC49-streptavidin in the treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioconjugate of biotin and yttrium Y 90 (Y-90) linked through the bifunctional macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) with radioimmunotherapy property. Biotin is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin, present in minute amounts in every living cell, while its level in cancerous tissue is higher than that of normal tissue. Y 90-DOTA-Biotin could be used in 3-step pre-targeting radioimmunotherapy that employs a tumor targeting antibody conjugated with streptavidin, the natural ligand of biotin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90Y-DOTA-Biotin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"90Y-DOTA-biotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-Biotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 DOTA-biotin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677849"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365680"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"365680"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"_90Y-DOTA-Biotin"}]}}{"C119738":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-di-HSG Peptide IMP-288","code":"C119738","definitions":[{"description":"A radiolabeled divalent histamine-succinyl-glycine (HSG) hapten-peptide linked with the macrocyclic chelator 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) to the beta-emitting radionuclide yttrium 90 (Y-90), with radioimmunotherapeutic activity. After pre-treating and targeting tumor cells with a bi-specific monoclonal antibody (BiMoAB) directed against both a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and the HSG hapten-peptide, the HSG portion of the administered yttrium Y 90-DOTA-di-HSG peptide IMP-288 binds to the anti-HSG sequence on the BiMoAB. In turn, Y-90 delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to tumor cells expressing the specific TAA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90-Y-IMP-288","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"90Y-IMP288","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-di-HSG Peptide IMP-288","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896702"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766993"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"766993"}]}}{"C2601":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90-Edotreotide","code":"C2601","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Yttrium Y 90 edotreotide contains yttrium Y 90 (a radioactive form of the metal yttrium) attached to a molecule that binds to certain types of neuroendocrine tumors (tumors that come from cells that release hormones). The radioactivity from yttrium Y 90 may kill the cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of the octreotide derivative edotreotide labeled with yttrium 90 (Y-90) with potential radiotherapeutic uses. Similar to octreotide, yttrium Y 90-edotreotide binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), especially type 2 receptors, present on the cell membranes of many types of neuroendocrine tumor cells, delivering tissue-specific, beta-emitting nuclide Y-90-mediated cytotoxicity to SSTR-positive cells. Yttrium Y 90-edotreotide is produced by substituting tyrosine for phenylalanine at the 3 position of the somatostatin analogue octreotide and chelating the substituted octreotide to Y-90 via dodecanetetraacetic acid (DOTA).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90Y-DOTA-3-Tyr-Octreotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EDOTREOTIDE YTTRIUM Y-90","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"OctreoTher","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Onalta","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 -DOTATOC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 SMT 487","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-3-tyrosine-octreotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-Tyr3-Octreotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90-Edotreotide","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90-Edotreotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 SMT 487","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 edotreotide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90-DOTA-tyr3-octreotide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"20168290"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2003893"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ABF7OG3FA3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38102"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38102"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_SMT_487"}]}}{"C99168":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y 90 Tabituximab Barzuxetan","code":"C99168","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) OTSA101 against FZD10 and labeled with yttrium y 90, with potential antineoplastic activity. The MoAb moiety of yttrium Y 90-labeled anti-FZD10 monoclonal antibody OTSA101 binds to FZD10, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to FZD10 positive tumor cells. FZD10 (also called CD350), a member of the Frizzled family of G protein-coupled receptors that is involved in the Wnt/beta-catenin/TCF signaling pathway, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types but undetectable in normal, healthy human tissues except for the placenta.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90Y Tabituximab Barzuxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OTSA101-DTPA-90Y","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Tabituximab Barzuxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90-labeled Anti-FZD10 Monoclonal Antibody OTSA101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL433017"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717536"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"717536"}]}}{"C48429":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y-90 Clivatuzumab Tetraxetan","code":"C48429","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. HuPAM4 is a monoclonal antibody that can locate and bind to pancreatic cancer cells. It is linked to a radioactive substance called yttrium Y90, which may help kill cancer cells. Yttrium Y 90 DOTA monoclonal antibody HuPAM4 is a type of radioimmunoconjugate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of the humanized monoclonal antibody clivatuzumab, directed against the pancreatic cancer antigen MUC1, that is conjugated to the chelating agent tetraxetan and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope Yttrium Y 90. Yttrium Y 90 clivatuzumab tetraxetan binds to tumor cells expressing MUC1 antigen, thereby selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"90Y-hPAM4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMMU-107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YTTRIUM Y-90 CLIVATUZUMAB TETRAXETAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Yttrium (90Y) Clivatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Clivatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Monoclonal Antibody HuPAM4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Clivatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Clivatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hPAM4-Cide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hPAM4-DOTA","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 DOTA monoclonal antibody HuPAM4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541526"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"943976-23-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2L271110ED"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425350"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425350"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H25N5O7.Y"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_DOTA_Monoclonal_Antibody_HuPAM4"}]}}{"C2582":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y-90 Epratuzumab Tetraxetan","code":"C2582","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunotherapeutic humanized murine monoclonal antibody (LL2) directed against the CD22 pan-B-cell antigen and chelated to the radioisotope yttrium-90 (Y 90). Y 90 humanized monoclonal antibody LL2 binds to tumor cells expressing CD22, delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monoclonal antibody LL2, yttrium Y 90","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody LL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 MoAb LL2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 monoclonal antibody LL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y90 Humanized Epratuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YTTRIUM Y-90 EPRATUZUMAB TETRAXETAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Humanized Epratuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody LL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Epratuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Epratuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 MOAB LL2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879352"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"501423-25-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"J36232195E"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43648"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"43648"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H25N5O7.Y"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Y_90_Humanized_Monoclonal_Antibody_LL2"}]}}{"C1812":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y-90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","code":"C1812","definitions":[{"description":"A radiolabeled monoclonal antibody that is used to treat certain types of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is being studied in the treatment of other types of B-cell tumors. It is made up of the monoclonal antibody ibritumomab plus the radioisotope yttrium Y 90. It binds to the protein called CD20, which is found on B cells. The radiation in the yttrium Y 90 may kill the cancer cells. Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan is a type of radiopharmaceutical.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioimmunotherapeutic agent consisting of a murine monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody (ibritumomab) linked by the chelator tiuxetan to the radioisotope yttrium-90 (Y 90). Yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan binds to and specifically delivers beta radiation to CD20-expressing tumor cells, thereby minimizing the systemic effects of radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDEC-Y2B8","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDEC-Y2B8 monoclonal antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Y 90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y 90 Zevalin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"YTTRIUM Y-90 IBRITUMOMAB TIUXETAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y90 ibritumomab tiuxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"710085"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879283"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"QA846JAV5B"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38483"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38483"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Y_90_Ibritumomab_Tiuxetan"}]}}{"C48428":{"preferredName":"Yttrium Y-90 Tacatuzumab Tetraxetan","code":"C48428","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of liver cancer. HuAFP31 is a monoclonal antibody that can bind to tumor cells that make a protein called alpha fetoprotein (AFP). It is linked to a radioactive substance called yttrium Y 90, which may help kill the cancer cells. Yttrium Y 90 DOTA monoclonal antibody HuAFP31 is a type of radioimmunoconjugate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of the humanized monoclonal antibody tacatuzumab, directed against alpha fetoprotein, that is conjugated to the chelating agent tetraxetan and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope Yttrium Y 90. Yttrium Y 90 tacatuzumab tetraxetan binds to tumor cells expressing alpha fetoprotein, thereby selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFP-Cide","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Y-90 hAFP-31","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YTTRIUM Y-90 TACATUZUMAB TETRAXETAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Yttrium (90Y) Tacatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Monoclonal Antibody HuAFP31","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y 90 Tacatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Tacatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yttrium Y-90 Tacatuzumab Tetraxetan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"yttrium Y 90 DOTA monoclonal antibody HuAFP31","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541525"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"476413-07-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"GJ2416WK6Y"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425347"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"425347"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C16H25N5O7.Y"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_DOTA_Monoclonal_Antibody_HuAFP31"}]}}{"C80739":{"preferredName":"Yttrium-90 Polycarbonate Brachytherapy Plaque","code":"C80739","definitions":[{"description":"A polycarbonate-based semicylindrical plaque impregnated with yttrium Y 90 with radioisotopic and antineoplastic activities. An yttrium-90 polycarbonate brachytherapy plaque may be applied to a tumor site with a special brachytherapy applicator for a predetermined interval of time, selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta-emitting yttrium Y 90.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Yttrium-90 Polycarbonate Brachytherapy Plaque","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yttrium-90 Polycarbonate Brachytherapy Plaque","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL388351"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600953"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"600953"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yttrium_Y_90_Plaque_Applicator"}]}}{"C95713":{"preferredName":"Endoxifen Hydrochloride","code":"C95713","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt and the z (cis-) stereoisomer of endoxifen with potential antineoplastic activity. Endoxifen, the active metabolite of tamoxifen, competitively inhibits the binding of estradiol to estrogen receptors, thereby preventing the receptor from binding to the estrogen-response element on DNA and thus reducing DNA synthesis. Unlike tamoxifen, however, which relies on CYP2D6 activity for its conversion to the active metabolite endoxifen, the direct administration of endoxifen bypasses the CYP2D6 route. As CYP2D6 activity can vary widely among individuals due to genetic CYP2D6 polymorphisms, endoxifen is therefore theoretically more potent and more uniform in its bioavailability across patient populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4-Hydroxy-N-Desmethyltamoxifen Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENDOXIFEN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Endoxifen Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Endoxifen Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z-Endoxifen HCl","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z-Endoxifen Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL428178"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1032008-74-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"308PA1L567"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693335"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"693335"}]}}{"C430":{"preferredName":"Zalcitabine","code":"C430","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic dideoxynucleoside. After intracellular phosphorylation to its active metabolite, zalcitabine preferentially inhibits the gamma form of DNA polymerase present in tumor cell mitochondria, resulting in the inhibition of tumor cell mitochondrial DNA replication and tumor cell death. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2',3'-Dideoxycytidine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2',3'-Dideoxycytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Dideoxycytidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hivid","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZALCITABINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zalcitabine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ddC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"606170"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0012132"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7481-89-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6L3XT8CB3I"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40349"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"40349"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C9H13N3O3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Zalcitabine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:10101"}]}}{"C126113":{"preferredName":"Zalifrelimab","code":"C126113","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, zalifrelimab binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGEN-1884","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN1884","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody AGEN1884","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ZALIFRELIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zalifrelimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504706"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2148321-69-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"FE7L22H028"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779578"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"779578"}]}}{"C64620":{"preferredName":"Zalutumumab","code":"C64620","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR is a cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase, overexpressed on many cancer cells. Zalutumumab selectively binds to and blocks binding of EGF and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-a) to the EGFR receptor, thereby interfering with cellular signaling, leading to cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in tumor cells. In addition, zalutumumab also triggers cell lysis mediated through antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in EGFR-expressing cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2FB","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMax-EGFr, 2F8","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZALUTUMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zalutumumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zalutumumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1831978"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"667901-13-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"DA709Q5020"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518289"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"518289"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Zalutumumab"}]}}{"C91701":{"preferredName":"Zanolimumab","code":"C91701","definitions":[{"description":"A human IgG1k monoclonal antibody against the CD4 receptor on T-lymphocytes, with potential antineoplastic and immunosuppressing activities. Zanolimumab targets and binds to the CD4 receptor on certain T-cells thereby preventing the interaction between the CD4 receptor and the major histocompatibility complex class II molecule. This prevents activation of CD4 positive T cells. In addition, zanolimumab is able to induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against CD4-expressing tumor cells. CD4, a receptor located on a subset of T-lymphocytes, is upregulated in T-cell lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD4 Monoclonal Antibody HuMax","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HuMax-CD4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZANOLIMUMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zanolimumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zanolimumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1957794"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"652153-01-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"HG3L8885M0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352000"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"352000"}]}}{"C141428":{"preferredName":"Zanubrutinib","code":"C141428","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, zanubrutinib inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways, which leads to the inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in B-lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(S)-7-(1-acryloylpiperidin-4-yl)-2-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-3111","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTK-InhB","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brukinsa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZANUBRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zanubrutinib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zanubrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL539516"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1691249-45-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"AG9MHG098Z"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768510"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"768510"}]}}{"C37455":{"preferredName":"Zebularine","code":"C37455","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic cytidine analogue and a cytidine deaminase inhibitor with anticancer activity. Following metabolic activation by phosphorylation and incorporation into DNA, zebularine inhibits DNA methyltransferase through covalent complex formation between the enzyme and zebularine-substituted DNA, hence resulting in non-specific, genome-wide induction of demethylation including the removal of aberrant methylation of promoter regions of genes critical for normal cellular functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1-beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Pyrimidone-1-beta-D-riboside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-DEOXYURIDINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"4-Deoxyuridine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyrimidin-2-one beta-Ribofuranoside","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zebularine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Zebularine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"309132"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0084253"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"3690-10-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7A9Y5SX0GY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Zebularine"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:46938"}]}}{"C48430":{"preferredName":"Zibotentan","code":"C48430","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that is being studied in the treatment of prostate cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called endothelin-receptor antagonists.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An orally available selective antagonist of the endothelin-A (ET-A) receptor with potential antineoplastic activity. Zibotentan binds selectively to the ET-A receptor, thereby inhibiting endothelin-mediated mechanisms that promote tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Pyridinesulfonamide, N-(3-methoxy-5-methylpyrazinyl)-2-(4-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(3-methoxy-5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)-2-[4-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenyl]pridine-3- sulfonamide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD-4054","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD4054","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZD4054","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ZIBOTENTAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zibotentan","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zibotentan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328193"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"186497-07-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8054MM4902"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355727"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"355727"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H16N6O4S"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ZD4054"}]}}{"C129588":{"preferredName":"Zinc Finger Nuclease ZFN-603","code":"C129588","definitions":[{"description":"A zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) targeting the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (HPV16) oncoprotein E7, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon transfection of ZFN-603 into HPV16-positive cells, ZFN-603 targets, binds to and cleaves the HPV16 E7 oncogene in HPV16-infected cells. By cleaving the HPV16 E7 DNA, the E7 oncoprotein is not expressed. This results in an inhibition of E7-mediated signaling, an induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in HPV16-expressing cells. In addition, preventing E7 expression induces the expression of tumor suppressor genes, thereby further preventing HPV-induced cancer cell formation and proliferation. E7 plays a key role in promoting both viral infection and carcinogenesis. ZFN, an engineered endonuclease in which a DNA-binding zinc finger protein is fused to a DNA-cleavable domain, cleaves specific DNA sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ZFN ZFN-603","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZFN-603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZFN603","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zinc Finger Nuclease ZFN-603","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512593"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783802"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783802"}]}}{"C129589":{"preferredName":"Zinc Finger Nuclease ZFN-758","code":"C129589","definitions":[{"description":"A zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) targeting the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 18 (HPV18) oncoprotein E7, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon transfection of ZFN-758 into HPV18-positive cells, ZFN-758 targets, binds to and cleaves the HPV18 E7 oncogene in HPV18-infected cells. By cleaving the HPV18 E7 DNA, the E7 oncoprotein is not expressed. This results in an inhibition of E7-mediated signaling, an induction of apoptosis, and an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in HPV18-expressing cells. In addition, preventing E7 expression induces the expression of tumor suppressor genes, thereby further preventing HPV-induced cancer cell formation and proliferation. E7 plays a key role in promoting both viral infection and carcinogenesis. ZFN, an engineered endonuclease in which a DNA-binding zinc finger protein is fused to a DNA-cleavable domain, cleaves specific DNA sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ZFN ZFN-758","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZFN-758","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZFN758","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zinc Finger Nuclease ZFN-758","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512594"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783803"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"783803"}]}}{"C682":{"preferredName":"Zinostatin","code":"C682","definitions":[{"description":"An enediyne antineoplastic antibiotic hybrid containing an aminoglycoside chromophore. Zinostatin is isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces carzinostaticus. The aminoglycoside component of zinostatin intercalates into DNA and the benzene diradical intermediate of the enediyne core binds to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in single- and double-strand breaks in DNA and apoptosis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A 8544527G1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Holoneocarzinostatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neocarzinostatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vinostatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZINOSTATIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zinostatin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"20735485"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"69856"},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"157365"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027597"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9014-02-2"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"PP082U6W1L"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39510"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39510"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C35H35NO12"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Zinostatin"}]}}{"C162544":{"preferredName":"Zinostatin Stimalamer","code":"C162544","definitions":[{"description":"A highly lipophilic conjugate protein comprised of the lipophilic antitumor protein, neocarzinostatin (NCS), conjugated with a water-soluble copolymer of styrene-maleic acid (SMA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intra-hepatic arterial administration, zinostatin stimalamer is deposited within tumor tissues, where the NCS moiety induces sequence-specific single and double-stranded breaks via free-radical based mechanisms, resulting in tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SMANCS","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM 881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM-881","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YM881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zinostatin Stimalamer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971120"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"123760-07-6"}]}}{"C2682":{"preferredName":"Ziv-Aflibercept","code":"C2682","definitions":[{"description":"A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. Vascular endothelial growth factor trap blocks the action of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recombinant protein comprised of epitopes of the extracellular domains of human vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) fused to the constant region (Fc) of human IgG1 with potential antiangiogenic activity. Afilbercept, functioning as a soluble decoy receptor, binds to pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), thereby preventing VEGFs from binding to their endogenous receptors. Disruption of the binding of VEGFs to their cellular receptors may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, and ultimately tumor regression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFLIBERCEPT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"AVE0005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aflibercept","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eylea","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGF Trap","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"VEGF Trap R1R2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VEGF-Trap","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Trap","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zaltrap","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ziv-Aflibercept","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ziv-Aflibercept","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aflibercept","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"vascular endothelial growth factor trap","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"724770"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134659"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"862111-32-8"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"15C2VL427D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38652"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"38652"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"VEGF_Trap"}]}}{"C85475":{"preferredName":"Zolbetuximab","code":"C85475","definitions":[{"description":"A chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the antigen GC182 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, zolbetuximab specifically binds to GC128, which may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GC182-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor cell proliferation. The CD20-like antigen GC182, a gastric differentiation protein, is often overexpressed on the cell surfaces of a variety of tumor cells, including gastric, pancreatic, esophageal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Claudiximab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMAB 362","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMAB-362","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMAB362","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZOLBETUXIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zolbetuximab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zolbetuximab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554291"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1496553-00-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TF5MPQ8WGY"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647103"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"647103"}]}}{"C1699":{"preferredName":"Zoledronic Acid","code":"C1699","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to treat patients with hypercalcemia (high blood levels of calcium) caused by cancer. It is also used together with other drugs to treat multiple myeloma and to prevent bone fractures and reduce bone pain in people who have cancer that has spread to the bone. It is a type of bisphosphonate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic imidazole bisphosphonate analog of pyrophosphate with anti-bone-resorption activity. A third-generation bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid binds to hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone matrix, slowing their dissolution and inhibiting the formation and aggregation of these crystals. This agent also inhibits farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, an enzyme involved in terpenoid biosynthesis. Inhibition of this enzyme prevents the biosynthesis of isoprenoid lipids, donor substrates of farnesylation and geranylgeranylation during the post-translational modification of small GTPase signalling proteins, which are important in the process of osteoclast turnover. Decreased bone turnover and stabilization of the bone matrix contribute to the analgesic effect of zoledronic acid with respect to painful osteoblastic lesions. The agent also reduces serum calcium concentrations associated with hypercalcemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGP 42446","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CGP42446A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NDC-Zoledronate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reclast","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZOL 446","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZOLEDRONIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zoledronic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zoledronic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zoledronic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Zometa","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zometa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"[1-Hydroxy-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethylidene]bisphosphonic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"[1-Hydroxy-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethylidene]bisphosphonic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"721517"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0257685"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"165800-06-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Hypercalcemia of malignancy; Multiple myeloma and metastatic bone lesions from solid tumors; Paget's disease"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"6XC1PAD3KF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42507"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"42507"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H10N2O7P2.H2O"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Zoledronate"}]}}{"C74025":{"preferredName":"Zoptarelin Doxorubicin","code":"C74025","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide agonist of the gonadotropin releasing hormone-1 receptor (GnRH-1R) that is conjugated to the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Zoptarelin doxorubicin binds to GnRH-1Rs, which may be highly expressed on endometrial and ovarian tumor cell membrane surfaces, and is internalized. Once inside the cell, the doxorubicin moiety of this agent intercalates into DNA and inhibits the topoisomerase II activity, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell DNA replication and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEZS-108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AEZS108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AN 152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AN-152","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin-GNRH Agonist Conjugate AEZS-108","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZEN-008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZOPTARELIN DOXORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zoptarelin Doxorubicin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Zoptarelin Doxorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0658619"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"139570-93-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"27844X2J29"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583257"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"583257"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Doxorubicin-GNRH_Agonist_Conjugate_AEZS-108"}]}}{"C91365":{"preferredName":"Zorubicin","code":"C91365","definitions":[{"description":"A benzoylhydrazone derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunorubicin. Zorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S-cis)-Benzoic Acid[1-[4-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-2,5,12-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-6,11-dioxo-2-naphthacenyl]ethylidene]hydrazide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzoic Acid Hydrazide 3-Hydrazone with Daunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzoylhydrazone Daunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunomycin Benzoylhydrazone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rubidazon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rubidazone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZORUBICIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zorubicin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"164011"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0073688"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"54083-22-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"V25F9362OP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H35N3O10"}]}}{"C1458":{"preferredName":"Zorubicin Hydrochloride","code":"C1458","definitions":[{"description":"A benzoyl-hydrazone derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunorubicin. Zorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2S-cis)-Benzoic Acid[1-[4-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-2,5,12-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-6,11-dioxo-3-naphthacenyl]ethylidene]hydrazide","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzoyl Hydrazone Daunorubicin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Daunorubicin Benzoylhydrazone Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP 22,050 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP 22050","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Rubidazone","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rubidazone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ZORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zorubicin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zorubicin hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"164011"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206788"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"36508-71-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WXM8D9M6DE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39590"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39590"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C34H35N3O10.ClH"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Zorubicin"}]}}{"C28322":{"preferredName":"Zuclomiphene Citrate","code":"C28322","definitions":[{"description":"The cis isomer of clomiphene which exhibits weak estrogen agonist activity evaluated for antineoplastic activity against breast cancer. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cis-Clomiphene Citrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cisclomiphene Citrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clomiphene citrate, cis-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"ZUCLOMIPHENE CITRATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Zuclomiphene Citrate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cis-Clomiphene citrate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"151466"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522596"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7619-53-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"UY5X264QZV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798814"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798814"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C26H28ClNO.C6H8O7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cisclomiphene"}]}}{"C17998":{"preferredName":"Unknown","code":"C17998","definitions":[{"description":"Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused.","attr":"PQCMC","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused.","attr":"SPL","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Reported as unknown by the data contributor.","attr":"AML","defSource":"PCDC"},{"description":"Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Not Known","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"U","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"UNK","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"UNKNOWN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"UNKNOWN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"UNKNOWN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Unknown","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Unknown","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HL7"},{"termName":"Unknown","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ICDC"},{"termName":"Unknown","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unknown","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Unknown","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"UCUM"},{"termName":"Unknown","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Unknown","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Unknown","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Unknown/Not Stated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"{Unknown}","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"UCUM"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Used for Cancer Activities Coding when cancer activity is not specified."},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0439673"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ICDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"UCUM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Use_For","value":"Nonspecific"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Unknown"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"unknown"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unknown"}]}}{"C43234":{"preferredName":"Not Reported","code":"C43234","definitions":[{"description":"Not provided or available.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Not provided or available.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NOT REPORTED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"NOT REPORTED","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"NOT_REPORTED","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Not Reported","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Not Reported","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not Reported","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Not Stated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Not reported","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706613"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Not_Stated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"not reported"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Not Reported"}]}}{"C171381":{"preferredName":"3'-dA Phosphoramidate NUC-7738","code":"C171381","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphoramidate derivative of the monophosphate form of cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine; 3'-dA), an adenosine derivative first isolated from Cordyceps sinensis, with potential antineoplastic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon administration and cellular uptake of NUC-7738 by passive diffusion, cordycepin monophosphate (3'-dAMP) is converted into its active anti-cancer metabolite 3'-deoxyadenosine triphosphate (3'-dATP). 3'-dATP functions as a ribonucleoside analogue and competes with ATP during transcription. Therefore, this agent causes RNA synthesis inhibition, inhibits cellular proliferation, and induces apoptosis. Also, 3'-dAMP activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and reduces mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. This prevents the hyperphosphorylation of the translation repressor protein 4E-BP1. This results in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-related kinase (PIKK) family, plays an important role in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway that regulates cell growth and proliferation, and its expression or activity is frequently dysregulated in human cancers. Compared to cordycepin alone, the addition of the phosphoramidate moiety may overcome cancer resistance and allow for greater cytotoxicity as NUC-7738 does not require a nucleoside transporter for cellular uptake, is independent of enzymatic activation by adenosine kinase (AK) and is not susceptible to enzymatic degradation by adenosine deaminase (ADA). Altogether, this may help overcome cancer resistance to cordycepin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3'-dA Phosphoramidate NUC-7738","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUC 7738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUC-7738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUC7738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nucleoside Analog NUC-7738","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405486"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800960"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800960"}]}}{"C172109":{"preferredName":"A2A Receptor Antagonist EOS100850","code":"C172109","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable immune checkpoint inhibitor and antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist EOS100850 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors, thereby blocking the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-lymphocytes, and stimulates a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells. A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of T-cells and, upon activation by adenosine, inhibits their proliferation and activation. Adenosine is often overproduced by cancer cells and plays a key role in immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A2A Receptor Antagonist EOS100850","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"A2A Receptor Antagonist EOS100850","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EOS 100850","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EOS-100850","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EOS100850","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406214"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801361"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801361"}]}}{"C175468":{"preferredName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist CS3005","code":"C175468","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable immune checkpoint inhibitor and antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist CS3005 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors, thereby blocking the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-lymphocytes, and stimulates a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells. A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of T-cells and, upon activation by adenosine, inhibits their proliferation and activation. Adenosine is often overproduced by cancer cells and plays a key role in immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A2AR Antagonist CS3005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist CS3005","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS 3005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-3005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS3005","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802908"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802908"}]}}{"C173640":{"preferredName":"Adenovirus 5/F35-Human Guanylyl Cyclase C-PADRE","code":"C173640","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant adenoviral serotype 5 (Ad5) in which the Ad5-based vector fiber is replaced by the fiber from the human B adenovirus serotype 35 (F35), encoding for the human guanylyl cyclase C (hGCC), and fused to the synthetic Pan DR epitope (PADRE), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intramuscular administration of the Ad5/F35-hGCC-PADRE, the Ad5/F35 targets CD46, which is expressed widely on most tumor cells, and the virus is taken up by cells. Once inside the cells, the virus expresses hGCC. The expressed hGCC induces both humoral and cellular immune responses against tumor cells expressing the hGCC antigen. This results in the immune-mediated killing of tumor cells. The hGCC protein is normally restricted to intestinal epithelial cells but is overexpressed by metastatic colorectal tumors. PADRE is a helper T-lymphocyte epitope that is able to augment the magnitude and duration of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. The inclusion of the chimeric Ad5/F35 fiber increases viral uptake in cells through CD46.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ad5.F35-hGCC-PADRE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ad5/F35-hGCC-PADRE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenovirus 5/F35-HGCC-PADRE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenovirus 5/F35-Human Guanylyl Cyclase C-PADRE","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenovirus 5/F35-Human Guanylyl Cyclase C-PADRE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802251"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802251"}]}}{"C167360":{"preferredName":"Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV16 Vaccine JNJ-63682918","code":"C167360","definitions":[{"description":"A prime cancer vaccine comprised of a genetically engineered, replication-deficient adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26) encoding the oncogenic human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of Ad26-expressing HPV16 vaccine JNJ-63682918, the adenovirus infects and expresses HPV16. The expressed proteins stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HPV16 antigens, thereby inducing tumor cell lysis. HPV16 infection plays a key role in the development of a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ad26-expressing HPV16 Vaccine JNJ-63682918","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ad26.HPV16 JNJ-63682918","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenovirus Serotype 26-Human Papillomavirus 16 JNJ-63682918","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV16 Vaccine JNJ-63682918","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV16 Vaccine JNJ-63682918","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 63682918","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-63682918","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ63682918","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monovalent HPV16 Ad26-vectored Vaccine JNJ-63682918","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972334"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C167361":{"preferredName":"Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV18 Vaccine JNJ-63682931","code":"C167361","definitions":[{"description":"A prime cancer vaccine comprised of a genetically engineered, replication-deficient adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26) encoding the oncogenic human papillomavirus 18 (HPV18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of Ad26-expressing HPV18 vaccine JNJ-63682931, the adenovirus infects and expresses HPV18. The expressed proteins stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HPV18 antigens, thereby inducing tumor cell lysis. HPV18 infection plays a key role in the development of a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ad26-expressing HPV18 Vaccine JNJ-63682931","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ad26.HPV18 JNJ-63682931","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenovirus Serotype 26-Human Papillomavirus 18 JNJ-63682931","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV18 Vaccine JNJ-63682931","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV18 Vaccine JNJ-63682931","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 63682931","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-63682931","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ63682931","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monovalent HPV18 Ad26-vectored Vaccine JNJ-63682931","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972333"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C171615":{"preferredName":"ALK Inhibitor TAE684","code":"C171615","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM-ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TAE684 binds to and inhibits ALK and NPM-ALK tyrosine kinases, which leads to a disruption of ALK- and NPM-ALK mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK- and NPM-ALK overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. NPM-ALK is an oncogenic fusion protein associated with ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. ALK mutations are also associated with acquired resistance to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5-Chloro-n4-(2-(isopropylsulfonyl)phenyl)-n2-(2-methoxy-4-(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)phenyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALK Inhibitor TAE684","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NPM-ALK Inhibitor TAE684","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NVP-TAE684","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAE 684","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAE-684","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAE-684","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TAE684","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405839"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"761439-42-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"EH1713MN4K"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C173430":{"preferredName":"ALK/ROS1/Met Inhibitor TQ-B3101","code":"C173430","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) and Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR; c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, TQ-B3101 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK, ROS1 and c-Met, which leads to the disruption of ALK-, ROS1- and c-Met-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK-, ROS1- and c-Met-expressing tumor cells. ALK, ROS1 and c-Met, overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK/ROS1/Met Inhibitor TQ-B3101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB 3101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB-3101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB3101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801758"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801758"}]}}{"C165779":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells ALLO-715","code":"C165779","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of allogeneic, 'off-the-shelf' (OTS), universal transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered, gene-edited T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from a monoclonal antibody specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Using TALEN technology, the T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha chain (TRAC) and CD52 genes are deleted from the CAR T-cells. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells ALLO-715 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells, is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells and plays a key role in plasma cell proliferation and survival. Deletion of the CD52 gene makes the modified donor T-cells resistant to an anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody treatment, that is used during lymphodepletion. The knockout of TRAC eliminates TCR expression and is intended to abrogate the potential induction of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) by the donor T-cells. The donor-derived, gene-edited CAR T cells have reduced production times and have increased availability when compared to autologous CAR-T cells, which use the patient's own cells and are produced on an individual basis. In addition, if the ALLO-715 cells cause unacceptable side effects, the incorporated CD20-based off-switch permits selective depletion of the ALLO-715 cells when the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab is administered.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALLO 715","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALLO-715","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALLO-715 Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALLO715","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALLOCar T ALLO-715","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells ALLO-715","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells ALLO-715","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA Allogeneic CAR T Cells ALLO-715","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL979064"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800201"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800201"}]}}{"C171066":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Anti-BCMA-CAR T-cells PBCAR269A","code":"C171066","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf, T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified using a proprietary synthetic nuclease-based system to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-BCMA-CAR T-cells PBCAR269A specifically recognize and kill BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells, is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells and plays a key role in plasma cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-BCMA-CAR T-cells PBCAR269A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-BCMA-CAR T-cells PBCAR269A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405454"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801229"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801229"}]}}{"C173967":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Anti-BCMA/CS1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells","code":"C173967","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting both the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17) and human CS1 (CD2 subset 1; SLAM family member 7; SLAMF7; CD319; CRACC), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti-BCMA/CS1 bispecific CAR-T cells target and bind to tumor cells expressing BCMA and/or CS1 and induce selective cytotoxicity in those cells. BCMA, a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells, is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells and plays a key role in plasma cell proliferation and survival. SLAMF7 is a member of the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family of transmembrane receptors that modulate the function of immune cells through immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motifs (ITSMs) and intracellular adaptor proteins. SLAMF7 is highly expressed on certain malignant plasma cells and is minimally expressed on healthy immune cells. Targeting the two different TAAs highly expressed on malignant plasma cells may improve coverage and protect against antigen escape and resistance as tumor cells would need to lose both antigens. ","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-BCMA/CS1 Bispecific CAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-BCMA/CS1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-BCMA/SLAMF7 Bispecific CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic BCMA/CS1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic BCMA/SLAMF7 Bispecific CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802179"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802179"}]}}{"C172708":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells ALLO-501A","code":"C172708","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of allogeneic, frozen, 'off-the-shelf', universal transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered, gene-edited T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Using TALEN technology, the T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha chain and CD52 genes are deleted from the CAR19 T-cells. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD19 CAR T-cells ALLO-501A specifically target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby selectively lysing CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. Deletion of the CD52 gene makes the modified donor T-cells resistant to the anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab, which is used during lymphodepletion. The knockout of the TCR alpha gene eliminates TCR expression and is intended to abrogate the potential induction of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) by the donor T-cells. ALLO-501A lacks the rituximab recognition domains of ALLO-501.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALLO 501A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALLO-501A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALLO501A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells ALLO-501A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells ALLO-501A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19 CAR T-lymphocytes ALLO-501A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cells ALLO-501A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic CD19-specific CAR T-cells ALLO-501A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406567"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802025"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802025"}]}}{"C173959":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19 Universal CAR-T Cells CTA101","code":"C173959","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), universal, gene-edited T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD19 universal CAR-T cells CTA101 specifically target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby selectively lysing CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. CTA101 is genetically engineered to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) by the donor T-cells. OTS CAR-T cells require reduced production times when compared to autologous CAR-T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19 UCAR-T Cells CTA101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD19 Universal CAR-T Cells CTA101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTA 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTA-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTA101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Universal CD19-directed CAR-T Cells CTA101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802167"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802167"}]}}{"C174397":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD20 CAR T-cells LUCAR-20S","code":"C174397","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of donor-derived T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20 (cluster of differentiation 20), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD20 CAR T-cells LUCAR-20S specifically recognize and kill CD20-expressing tumor cells. The CD20 antigen, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein, is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD20 CAR T-cells LUCAR-20S","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUCAR 20S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUCAR-20S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUCAR-20S CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUCAR20S","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802323"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802323"}]}}{"C168570":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD20-CAR T-cells PBCAR20A","code":"C168570","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), T-lymphocytes, derived from healthy donors, that have been genetically modified using a proprietary synthetic endonuclease-based system to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20 (cluster of differentiation 20), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD20-CAR T-cells PBCAR20A specifically recognize and kill CD20-expressing tumor cells. The CD20 antigen, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein, is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD20 CAR T-lymphocytes PBCAR20A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD20-CAR T-cells PBCAR20A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Anti-CD20-CAR T-cells PBCAR20A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBCAR 20A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBCAR-20A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBCAR20A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972895"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800688"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800688"}]}}{"C165696":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic CD22-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCART22","code":"C165696","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), universal transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human CD22 with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, allogeneic CD22-specific universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCART22 express anti-CD22-CAR on their cell surfaces and bind to the CD22 antigen on tumor cell surfaces, resulting in lysis of CD22-expressing tumor cells. CD22, a cell surface glycoprotein, is expressed on mature B-cells and on most malignant B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic CD22-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCART22","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic CD22-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCART22","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Gene-edited CAR T-Cells UCART22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic TALEN Gene-edited CAR T-Cells UCART22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogenic Engineered T-cells Expressing Anti- CD22 CAR UCART22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCART 22","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCART-22","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCART22","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCART22 Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978908"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800127"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800127"}]}}{"C173877":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic CD56-positive CD3-negative Natural Killer Cells CYNK-001","code":"C173877","definitions":[{"description":"A population of cryopreserved, off-the-shelf (OTS) allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells derived from human placental hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and expressing the CD56 surface antigen and exhibiting a lack of CD3, with potential immunomodulating, antineoplastic and antiviral activities. Upon infusion of allogeneic CD56-positive CD3-negative NK cells CYNK-001, these cells are able to recognize tumor cells as well as virally-infected cells, secrete perforins, granzymes and cytokines, and induce apoptosis in tumor and virally-infected cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic CD56+/CD3- Natural Killer Cells CYNK-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic CD56-positive CD3-negative Natural Killer Cells CYNK-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic CD56-positive CD3-negative Natural Killer Cells CYNK-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Human Placental Hematopoietic Stem Cell Derived Natural Killer Cells CYNK-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD56+/CD3- NK Cells CYNK-001 (SY); Natural Killer Cells CYNK-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYNK 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYNK-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYNK001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Placental HSC-derived CD56+/CD3- NKs CYNK-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802398"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802398"}]}}{"C170887":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic CD8+ Leukemia-associated Antigens Specific T Cells NEXI-001","code":"C170887","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of allogeneic CD8+ T cells targeting multiple undisclosed leukemia-associated antigens, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Following peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) collection from the original stem cell donor and ex vivo priming and expansion, the allogeneic CD8+ leukemia-associated antigens specific T cells NEXI-001 are re-introduced into the leukemia patient, where they target and kill tumor cells expressing these leukemia-associated antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic CD8+ Leukemia-associated Antigens Specific T Cells NEXI-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic CD8+ Leukemia-associated Antigens Specific T Cells NEXI-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEXI 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEXI-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEXI001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383035"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801194"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801194"}]}}{"C172741":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-BCMA T Cells CTX120","code":"C172741","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to disrupt expression of endogenous TCR and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction into the patient, the allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 engineered anti-BCMA CAR T-cells CTX120 recognize and bind to BCMA-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of BCMA-positive tumor cells. BCMA, a receptor for proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. The disruption of endogenous TCR prevents graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). The disruption of MHC class I molecules increases the persistence of the CAR T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-BCMA T Cells CTX120","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-BCMA T Cells CTX120","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRISPR/Cas9 Gene-edited Allogeneic Anti-BCMA CAR-T Cells CTX120","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTX 120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTX-120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTX120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406620"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802026"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802026"}]}}{"C173153":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-CD70 CAR-T Cells CTX130","code":"C173153","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to disrupt expression of endogenous TCR and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human cluster of differentiation 70 (CD70), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction into the patient, the allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 engineered anti-CD70 CAR T-cells CTX130 recognize and bind to CD70-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of CD70-positive tumor cells. CD70, the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27 and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is found on the surfaces of various types of cancer cells. Disruption of endogenous TCR prevents graft-versus-host disease (GvHD); the disruption of MHC class I molecules increases the persistence of the CAR T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-CD70 CAR-T Cells CTX130","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-CD70 CAR-T Cells CTX130","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9-engineered T Cells CTX130","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRISPR/Cas9 Gene-edited Allogeneic Anti-CD70 CAR-T Cells CTX130","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTX 130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTX-130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTX130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Donor-derived Gene-edited Allogeneic CAR-T Cells CTX130","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1407020"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802058"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802058"}]}}{"C165661":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic CS1-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCARTCS1A","code":"C165661","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), universal transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human CS1 (CD2 subset 1; SLAM family member 7; SLAMF7; CD319; CRACC), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion of allogeneic CS1-specific universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCARTCS1A, these cells target and bind to cancer cells expressing CS1. This induces selective toxicity in and causes lysis of CS1-expressing tumor cells. SLAMF7 is a member of the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family of transmembrane receptors that modulate the function of immune cells through immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motifs (ITSMs) and intracellular adaptor proteins. SLAMF7 is highly expressed on certain malignant plasma cells and is minimally expressed on healthy immune cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic CS1-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCARTCS1A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allogeneic CS1-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCARTCS1A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Gene-edited CAR T-Cells UCARTCS1A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic TALEN Gene-edited CAR T-Cells UCARTCS1A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogenic Engineered T-cells Expressing Anti- CS1 CAR UCARTCS1A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCART CS1A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCART-CS1A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCARTCS1A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCARTCS1A Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978955"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800121"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800121"}]}}{"C173427":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Expressing Lung Tumor Antigens PDC*lung01","code":"C173427","definitions":[{"description":"An off-the-shelf (OTS) preparation composed of irradiated allogeneic plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) loaded with seven immunogenic, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01 serotype-restricted peptides derived from the lung tumor antigens cancer/testis antigen 1 (NY-ESO-1), melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3), MAGE-A4, multi-MAGE, a peptide shared by multiple MAGE-A proteins, survivin, mucin1 (MUC1) and melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells 1 (Mart-1; Melan-A), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the allogeneic pDCs expressing lung tumor antigens PDC*lung01, the pDCs may activate the immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HLA-A*0201 positive lung cancer cells expressing the TAAs NY-ESO-1, MAGE-A3, MAGEA4, multi-MAGE, survivin, MUC1 and melan-A. The pDCs are derived from a distinct subset of dendritic cells (DCs) with a plasma cell-like morphology and express a characteristic set of surface markers and may increase the anti-tumor immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Expressing Lung Tumor Antigens PDC*lung01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic pDCs- expressing Lung Tumor Antigens PDC*lung01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDC*lung01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PDClung01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine PDC*lung01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801755"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801755"}]}}{"C174401":{"preferredName":"Allogeneic Third-party Suicide Gene-transduced Anti-HLA-DPB1*0401 CD4+ T-cells CTL 19","code":"C174401","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of allogeneic, third-party, CD4+ T-lymphocytes that specifically recognizes the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DPB1*0401 and transduced with a suicide gene, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, allogeneic third-party suicide gene-transduced anti-HLA-DPB1*0401 CD4+ T-cells CTL 19 specifically target and kill HLA-DPB1*0401-positive leukemic cells. The suicide gene causes the destruction of the T-cell clone upon the administration and presence of ganciclovir, which enhances the safety of the agent. HLA-DP is expressed by many leukemic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Third-party Suicide Gene-transduced Anti-HLA-DPB1*0401 CD4+ T-cells CTL 19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTL 19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTL-19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTL19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802327"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802327"}]}}{"C171059":{"preferredName":"Allosteric ErbB Inhibitor BDTX-189","code":"C171059","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, irreversible, selective, small-molecule inhibitor of certain oncogenic driver, allosteric mutations of the ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB1) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu or ErbB2), including extracellular domain allosteric mutations of HER2, and EGFR and HER2 exon 20 insertion mutations, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the allosteric ErbB inhibitor BDTX-189 selectively binds to and inhibits these allosteric ErbB mutants while sparing wild-type EGFR, which may result in the selective inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis in tumor cells and tumors expressing these allosteric ErbB mutations. EGFR and HER2, ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases mutated or overexpressed in many tumor cell types, play a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allosteric ErbB Inhibitor BDTX-189","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Allosteric ErbB Inhibitor BDTX-189","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BDTX 189","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BDTX-189","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BDTX189","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor BDTX-189","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ErbB Mutant-specific Inhibitor BDTX-189","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405430"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801228"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801228"}]}}{"C170744":{"preferredName":"Alofanib","code":"C170744","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) type 2 (FGFR2), with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, alofanib targets, allosterically binds to the extracellular domain of FGFR2 and inhibits the activity of FGFR2, which may result in the inhibition of basic FGF (bFGF)/FGFR2-related signal transduction pathways. This inhibits FGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation and migration, and inhibits the proliferation of FGFR2-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation, migration and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALOFANIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Alofanib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benzoic Acid, 3-(((4-Methyl-2-nitro-5-(3-pyridinyl)phenyl)amino)sulfonyl)-","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ES000835","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR4 Antagonist ICP-105","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RPT 835","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RPT-835","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RPT835","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383158"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1612888-66-0"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"LQX7RFK8MZ"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800699"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800699"}]}}{"C172097":{"preferredName":"Alpha V Beta 8 Antagonist PF-06940434","code":"C172097","definitions":[{"description":"An antagonist of integrin alpha v beta 8, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PF-06940434 selectively binds to and blocks the receptor for integrin alpha v beta 8, thereby preventing integrin alpha v beta 8 binding. This may result in the inhibition of cell adhesion in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and blocks the activation of the cytokine transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-b1), preventing TGF-b1-mediated signal transduction. This abrogates TGF-b1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the TME and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor cell death. This may lead to a reduction in TGF-b1-dependent proliferation of cancer cells. Alpha v beta 8 integrin plays a key role in tumor initiation, growth, and progression through TGF-b1 activation. It is expressed in a variety of tumor cell types and is associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alpha V Beta 8 Antagonist PF-06940434","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alpha V Beta 8 Antagonist PF-06940434","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha V Beta 8 Inhibitor PF-06940434","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 06940434","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-06940434","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF06940434","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406223"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802007"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802007"}]}}{"C173364":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Degrader CC-94676","code":"C173364","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) degrader, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, AR degrader CC-94676 causes degradation of AR, prevents AR-mediated signaling and inhibits the proliferation of AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR Degrader CC-94676","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Degrader CC-94676","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Degrader CC-94676","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 94676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-94676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC94676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801809"}]}}{"C173374":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor Inhibitor EPI-7386","code":"C173374","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, second-generation inhibitor of the N-terminal domain (NTD) of androgen receptor (AR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR inhibitor EPI-7386 specifically binds to the NTD of AR, thereby inhibiting both AR activation and the AR-mediated signaling pathway. This may inhibit cell growth in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in prostate cancers and is involved in the proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells. EPI-7386 may be more active and metabolically stable than first-generation AR NTD inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR Inhibitor EPI-7386","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Inhibitor EPI-7386","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor Inhibitor EPI-7386","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPI 7386","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPI-7386","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EPI7386","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801842"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801842"}]}}{"C172104":{"preferredName":"Androgen Receptor/Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist CB-03-10","code":"C172104","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable steroidal cortexolone derivative and antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR/GR antagonist CB-03-10 specifically binds to AR and GR, inhibits AR and GR activation, and prevents AR- and GR-mediated signaling. This leads to an induction of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways and inhibits cell growth in AR- and GR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR and GR are overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells and are involved in proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AR/GR Antagonist CB-03-10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Androgen Receptor/Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist CB-03-10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB 03 10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB-03-10","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB0310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortexolone 17alpha-Valerate-21-propionate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406219"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801352"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801352"}]}}{"C168687":{"preferredName":"Anhydrous Enol-oxaloacetate","code":"C168687","definitions":[{"description":"The anhydrous form of enol-oxaloacetate, a small molecule blood glutamate scavenger, that can be used to lower glutamate plasma levels, and has potential neuroprotective activity. Upon administration, enol-oxaloacetate targets and binds to glutamate in the bloodstream. This lowers glutamate plasma levels and lowers the free glutamate available to be picked up by cells, such as tumor brain cells, thereby preventing glutamate metabolism and glutamate-mediated signaling. This prevents the proliferation of rapidly growing cells, such as brain tumor cells. And by lowering glutamate plasma levels, a molecular imbalance is formed and glutamate is excreted across the blood-brain barrier, resulting in lower free brain glutamate. This may help protect the brain from excitotoxicity in conditions where there is a surge of glutamate production, such as traumatic brain injury, thereby protecting neuronal cells. Glutamate, a non-essential amino acid and the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), provides energy and generates building blocks for the production of macromolecules, which are needed for cellular growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anhydrous Enol-oxaloacetate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anhydrous Enol-oxaloacetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1378618"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800694"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800694"}]}}{"C173556":{"preferredName":"Anti-5T4 Antibody-drug Conjugate ASN004","code":"C173556","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody directed against 5T4 and conjugated, via a non-cleavable linker, to a proprietary polymer carrying multiple auristatin analog molecules via a cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of ASN004 selectively binds to cells expressing the 5T4 oncofetal antigen. After internalization and cleavage within the tumor cell cytosol, free auristatin analog molecules binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. 5T4, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types; its expression is correlated with increased invasiveness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5T4-ADC ASN004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5T4-targeted Antibody-drug Conjugate ASN004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"5T4-targeted Dolaflexin ADC ASN004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASN 004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASN-004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASN004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-5T4 ADC ASN004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-5T4 Antibody-drug Conjugate ASN004","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801910"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801910"}]}}{"C175444":{"preferredName":"Anti-5T4 Antibody-drug Conjugate SYD1875","code":"C175444","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the oncofetal antigen 5T4 and site-specifically conjugated to a duocarmycin-based linker-drug valine-citrulline-seco-DUocarmycin-hydroxyBenzamide-Azaindole (vc-seco-DUBA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of SYD1875 selectively binds to cells expressing the 5T4 oncofetal antigen. After internalization and cleavage within the tumor cell by proteases, the free and activated duocarmycin payload binds to the minor groove of DNA and alkylates adenine at the N3 position, which eventually leads to tumor cell apoptosis. 5T4, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types; its expression is correlated with increased invasiveness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SYD1875","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-5T4 ADC SYD1875","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-5T4 Antibody-drug Conjugate SYD1875","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate SYD1875","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYD 1875","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYD-1875","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYD1875","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802782"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802782"}]}}{"C171577":{"preferredName":"Anti-B7-H3/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-7300a","code":"C171577","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) conjugated, via an enzymatically cleavable tetrapeptide-based linker, to the cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor and exatecan (DX-8951) derivative DXd (MAAA-1181a; MAAA-1181), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-B7-H3/DXd ADC DS-7300a, the anti-B7-H3 antibody targets and binds to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake and lysosomal degradation of the linker, DXd targets and binds to DNA topoisomerase I, thereby stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication and apoptosis. This inhibits the proliferation of B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. B7-H3, a type I transmembrane protein and a member of the B7 co-stimulatory protein superfamily, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types and on various immune cells. It plays a key role in tumor growth and immune responses. The ADC allows for reduced systemic exposure and enhanced delivery of the cytotoxic agent DXd.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-B7-H3/DXd ADC DS-7300a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-B7-H3/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-7300a","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-B7-H3/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-7300a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-B7H3/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-7300a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS 7300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS 7300a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-7300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-7300a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS7300","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS7300a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405790"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801901"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801901"}]}}{"C170915":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate CC-99712","code":"C170915","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA, TNFRSF17), linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-BCMA ADC CC-99712, the antibody moiety targets and binds to the cell surface antigen BCMA expressed on certain cancer cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the BCMA-expressing cancer cells through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. BCMA, a receptor for a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13; TNFSF13), and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily and plays a key role in plasma survival. It is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA ADC CC-99712","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody Drug Conjugate CC-99712","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate CC-99712","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 99712","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-99712","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC99712","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383075"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800869"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800869"}]}}{"C167337":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA SparX Protein Plus BCMA-directed Anti-TAAG ARC T-cells CART-ddBCMA","code":"C167337","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic combination agent composed of antigen receptor complex T cells (ARC-T cells) which contain a proprietary binding domain specific for a universal TAG instead of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) binding domain, and a tumor-targeting antigen protein, soluble protein antigen-receptor X-linker (sparX) protein, containing a TAG moiety fused to two B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) binding domains, with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the anti-BCMA sparX protein plus BCMA-directed ARC T-cells CART-ddBCMA, the sparX protein, with its two BCMA binding domains, specifically targets and binds to two BCMA expressed on tumor cells. In turn, the ARC-T cells, with their anti-TAG domain, target and bind to the TAG domain on the sparX protein. This directly links the ARC-T cells to the BCMA-expressing tumor cells, through the ARC-T cell- sparX -tumor cell complex formation, thereby causing direct tumor cell killing. BCMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and is overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types. Compared to anti-BCMA CAR-T cells, CART-ddBCMA, containing ARC-T cells that are re-programmed in vivo by the TAG sparX protein, shows enhanced efficiency and an improved safety profile. As ARC-T activity is dependent on the sparX dose administered, the rate of tumor cell killing, and related toxicities are also dependent on the sparX dose administered.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARC-T Plus Anti-BCMA SparX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA SparX Protein Plus BCMA-directed Anti-TAAG ARC T-cells CART-ddBCMA","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA SparX Protein Plus BCMA-directed Anti-TAAG ARC T-cells CART-ddBCMA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TAG ARC-T Cells Directed by BCMA Bi-valent/TAG SparX Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunotherapeutic Combination Agent SparX Protein Plus CART-ddBCMA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAG-containing SparX /Bivalent BCMA-targeted ARC-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972316"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800471"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800471"}]}}{"C165656":{"preferredName":"Anti-BCMA/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN5459","code":"C165656","definitions":[{"description":"A human bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and another directed against the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-BCMA/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody REGN5459 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, leading to CTL-mediated killing of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN5459","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN5459","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN5459","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN5459","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-BCMA Bispecific Antibody REGN5459","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 5459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-5459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN5459","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978958"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800119"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800119"}]}}{"C168617":{"preferredName":"Icatolimab","code":"C168617","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G4 kappa (IgG4k) monoclonal antibody directed against B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous infusion administration, icatolimab targets and binds to BTLA. This prevents BTLA-mediated inhibition of T-cell activation leading to antigen specific T-cell proliferation and activation of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. BTLA, an immunoglobulin (Ig) receptor family member expressed on activated T- and B- lymphocytes, subsets of dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and nature killer (NK) cells, is an immune checkpoint involved in suppressing immune responses. It mediates inhibition of human tumor-specific CTLs upon engagement by tumor expressed herpesvirus-entry mediator (HVEM).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-B- and T-lymphocyte Attenuator Monoclonal Antibody TAB004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BTLA Monoclonal Antibody TAB004","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICATOLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Icatolimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Icatolimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JS 004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JS-004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JS004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAB 004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAB-004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAB004","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1378714"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D40H7X1YZ0"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800693"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800693"}]}}{"C175508":{"preferredName":"Anti-BTN3A Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ICT01","code":"C175508","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against butyrophilin subfamily 3 member A (BTN3A; CD277), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-BTN3A agonistic monoclonal antibody ICT01 targets and binds to BTN3A present on epithelial and tumor cells. BTN3A binding may sensitize tumor cells to gamma 9 delta 2 (Vg9Vd2) T cell killing. The Vg9Vd2 T cells secrete effector cytokines and exert a cytolytic effect on tumor cells. This may abrogate BTN3A-mediated tumor immunity and may enhance anti-tumor immune response. BTN3A, a member of the butyrophilin superfamily of immunomodulators, is upregulated in tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BTN3A Agonist Monoclonal Antibody ICT01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-BTN3A Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ICT01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICT 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICT-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICT01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802942"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802942"}]}}{"C174391":{"preferredName":"Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody HLX55","code":"C174391","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody directed against the human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-c-Met monoclonal antibody HLX55 specifically binds to the semaphorin (Sema)/Plexins-Semaphorins-Integrins (PSI) domain of c-Met, which prevents the binding of c-Met to its ligand HGF and the subsequent activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. In addition, HLX55 promotes c-Met degradation, which further inhibits c-Met-mediated signaling. This may result in cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody HLX55","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX 55","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX-55","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX55","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802302"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802302"}]}}{"C175477":{"preferredName":"Anti-CCR7 Antibody-drug Conjugate JBH492","code":"C175477","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody targeting CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) and conjugated to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CCR7 ADC JBH492, the antibody moiety targets and binds to CCR7 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the ADC releases DM4, which binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. This results in the inhibition of cell division and cell growth of CCR7-expressing tumor cells. CCR7, a G-protein coupled receptor, is normally expressed by subsets of immune cells and overexpressed by various types of cancer cells. Its overexpression has been associated with lymph node metastasis and poor survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CCR7 ADC JBH492","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CCR7 Antibody-drug Conjugate JBH492","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CCR7 Antibody-drug Conjugate JBH492","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CCR7-DM4 Antibody-drug Conjugate JBH492","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JBH 492","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JBH-492","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JBH492","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802920"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802920"}]}}{"C174050":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD117 Monoclonal Antibody JSP191","code":"C174050","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against CD117 (tyrosine-protein kinase KIT; c-Kit; mast/stem cell growth factor receptor; SCFR), that can potentially be used to deplete hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Upon administration, the anti-CD117 monoclonal antibody JSP191 targets and binds to CD117. This prevents the binding of stem cell factor (SCF) to its receptor CD117 on HSCs. As CD117 binding to SCF is critical for survival and maintenance of blood forming stem cells, blocking this interaction causes the HSCs that are present in the bone marrow niches to be depleted. JSP191 can potentially be used as a conditioning regimen to prepare patients for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD117 Monoclonal Antibody JSP191","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD117 Monoclonal Antibody JSP191","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-c-Kit Monoclonal Antibody JSP191","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JSP 191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JSP-191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JSP191","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802461"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802461"}]}}{"C168522":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody AGEN2373","code":"C168522","definitions":[{"description":"A conditionally-active, fully human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the costimulatory receptor CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody AGEN2373 targets and binds to a non-ligand blocking epitope on CD137, thereby activating CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances CD137-mediated signaling, induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) proliferation, cytokine production and promotes a CTL-mediated anti-tumor immune response as well as induces NK-mediated tumor cell killing and suppresses the immunosuppressive activity of T-regulatory cells (Tregs). CD137, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity. In addition, as AGEN2373 engages with CD137 only in the presence of CD137 ligand and/or Fc gamma receptor-expressing antigen-presenting cells (APCs), this agent may have a decreased toxicity profile and improved tolerability compared to other agents that activate CD137 signaling beyond the tumor site in humans.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGEN 2373","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN-2373","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN2373","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-4-1BB Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody AGEN2373","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody AGEN2373","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody AGEN2373","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody AGEN2373","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Monoclonal Antibody AGEN2373","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972852"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800682"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800682"}]}}{"C173548":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ATOR-1017","code":"C173548","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized agonistic immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting the costimulatory receptor CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody ATOR-1017 targets and binds to CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, and CD137 is activated upon crosslinking to Fc-gamma receptors (FcgRs) on macrophages. This enhances CD137-mediated signaling, induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) proliferation, cytokine production and promotes a CTL-mediated anti-tumor immune response as well as induces NK-mediated tumor cell killing and suppresses the immunosuppressive activity of T-regulatory cells (Tregs). CD137, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity. 4-1BB and FcgRs are both highly expressed in the tumor environment (TME) while their co-expression in non-tumor tissues is low. This may prevent systemic adverse effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATOR 1017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATOR-1017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATOR1017","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-4-1BB Monoclonal Antibody ATOR-1017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody ATOR-1017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ATOR-1017","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Monoclonal Antibody ATOR-1017","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801898"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801898"}]}}{"C171541":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody LVGN6051","code":"C171541","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the costimulatory receptor CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody LVGN6051 targets and binds to CD137, thereby activating CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances CD137-mediated signaling, induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) proliferation, cytokine production and promotes a CTL-mediated anti-tumor immune response as well as induces NK-mediated tumor cell killing and suppresses the immunosuppressive activity of T-regulatory cells (Tregs). CD137, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-4-1BB Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody LVGN6051","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody LVGN6051","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody LVGN6051","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody LVGN6051","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD137 Monoclonal Antibody LVGN6051","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LVGN 6051","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LVGN-6051","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LVGN6051","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405761"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801858"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801858"}]}}{"C172202":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19 Antibody-T-cell Receptor-expressing T-cells ET019003","code":"C172202","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been engineered by incorporating an as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory molecule into T-cells expressing an anti-CD19 antibody T-cell receptor (AbTCR) structure (ET190L1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19 AbTCR-expressing T-cells ET019003 targets and binds to CD19-expressing tumor cells. This results in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of CD19-positive tumor cells. The binding to CD19-expressing tumor cells may also activate the undisclosed costimulatory domain, leading to further T-cell proliferation. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. ET019003 is able to match the anticancer activity of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, while they are less likely to stimulate cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and less likely to cause cytokine-related toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19 AbTCR-expressing T-cells ET019003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Antibody-T-cell Receptor-expressing T-cells ET019003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 T-cells ET019003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19-TCR T-cells ET019003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD19-targeted T-cells ET019003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET 019003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET-019003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET019003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET019003-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406089"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801620"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801620"}]}}{"C170903":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19 iCAR NK Cells","code":"C170903","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of natural killer (NK) cells engineered to express an inhibitory chimeric antigen receptor (iCAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19 iCAR-NK cells recognize, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. The iCAR is designed to spare normal cells from NK cell actions by including an inhibitory receptor that is activated upon binding to antigens that are present on normal cells only. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19 Inhibitory Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Natural Killer Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 iCAR NK Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 iCAR Natural Killer Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19 iCAR-NK Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383049"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800852"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800852"}]}}{"C170904":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR NK Cells","code":"C170904","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of natural killer (NK) cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) and CD22, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD19/CD22 CAR-NK cells target and bind to CD19 and CD22 expressed on the surface of tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing these TAAs. CD19 and CD22, both transmembrane phosphoglycoproteins expressed on the surface of cells in the B lineage, are often overexpressed on malignant B-cells. By simultaneously targeting two B-cell antigens, this preparation may minimize relapse due to single antigen loss in patients with B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD19/Anti-CD22 CAR Natural Killer Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR NK Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR-NK Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR-Natural Killer Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD19/CD22 Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Natural Killer Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383046"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800858"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800858"}]}}{"C173955":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody BAT4306F","code":"C173955","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, glycosylation-modified monoclonal antibody directed against the human B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody BAT4306F, the antibody specifically targets and binds to CD20. This induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B-cells, which leads to B-cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CD20, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development, is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. The complete defucosylation of BAT4306F may result in enhanced ADCC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody BAT4306F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT 4306F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT-4306F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT4306F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802165"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802165"}]}}{"C166140":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody MIL62","code":"C166140","definitions":[{"description":"A glyco-engineered recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody MIL62, the antibody specifically targets and binds to CD20. This induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B-cells, which leads to B-cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. In addition, MIL62 inhibits CD20-mediated signaling which further induces apoptosis in and inhibits proliferation of CD20-expressing tumor cells. CD20, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development, is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody MIL62","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIL 62","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIL-62","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIL62","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL979195"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799905"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799905"}]}}{"C165598":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD205 Antibody-drug Conjugate OBT076","code":"C165598","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of an anti-CD205 (lymphocyte antigen 75; Ly75) humanized immunoglobin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody conjugated to DM4, a maytansinoid microtubule disruptor, via a cleavable N-succinimidyl-4-(2-pyridyldithio) butanoate (SPDB) linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD205 ADC OBT076 specifically targets and binds to CD205, a receptor involved in antigen capture and endocytosis, expressed on tumor cells. Following rapid internalization of the ADC/CD205 complex, OBT076 releases its DM4 payload due to cleavage of the SPDB linker by intracellular proteases. Then the DM4 binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in the inhibition of both cell division and cell growth of CD205-expressing tumor cells. CD205, a type I transmembrane surface glycoprotein belonging to the C-type lectin receptor family, is normally expressed on various antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and some leukocyte sub-populations but it is overexpressed in multiple cancer types where it plays a key role in facilitating metastatic invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD205 ADC OBT076","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD205 Antibody-drug Conjugate OBT076","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD205 Antibody-drug Conjugate OBT076","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN 1309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN-1309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN1309","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBT 076","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBT-076","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBT076","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978811"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799986"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799986"}]}}{"C168772":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD228/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD228A","code":"C168772","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized antibody targeting the cell surface antigen cluster of differentiation (CD228; melanotransferrin; MFI2; MELTF) that is conjugated, via a beta-glucuronidase-cleavable linker, to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Following administration, the antibody moiety of anti-CD228/MMAE ADC SGN-CD228A targets and binds to CD228 on the surface of tumor cells. Following internalization of SGN-CD228A and release of MMAE, MMAE targets and binds to tubulin, and inhibits microtubule polymerization. This results in G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CD228-expressing tumor cells. CD228, a cell-surfaced, glycosylphosphatidylinoitol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein, belongs to the transferrin family of iron-binding proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD228 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD228A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD228-MMAE ADC SGN-CD228A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD228/MMAE ADC SGN-CD228A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD228/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD228A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD228/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD228A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-melanotransferrin ADC SGN-CD228A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN CD228A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD228A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGNCD228A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1378671"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800848"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800848"}]}}{"C173969":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD25 Monoclonal Antibody RO7296682","code":"C173969","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody against CD25 (IL-2R alpha), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody RO7296682 targets and binds to CD25 expressed on tumor-infiltrating regulatory T (Treg) cells. This may deplete Treg cells and prevent immunosuppression, thereby enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. CD25, the alpha chain of the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor, is highly expressed on Treg cells but not on effector T (Teff) cells in tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD25 Monoclonal Antibody RG6292","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD25 Monoclonal Antibody RO7296682","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD25 Monoclonal Antibody RO7296682","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG 6292","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG-6292","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RG6292","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7296682","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-7296682","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7296682","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-regulatory Cell-depleting Antibody RO7296682","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802183"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802183"}]}}{"C172056":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD27 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody MK-5890","code":"C172056","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the cell surface antigen CD27, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD27 agonistic monoclonal antibody MK-5890 targets and binds to CD27 on a variety of immune cell types, including most T-lymphocytes. This induces CD27-dependent signaling pathways and enhances T-cell-mediated responses, including the expansion of antigen-activated T-cells and the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. CD27, a co-stimulatory molecule and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes, memory B-cells and natural killer (NK) cells. It plays an important role in NK cell-mediated cytolytic activity and T- and B-lymphocyte proliferation and activation. It is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD27 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody MK-5890","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD27 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody MK-5890","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD27 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody MK-5890","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK 5890","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK-5890","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MK5890","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406192"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802005"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802005"}]}}{"C173369":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-5T4 Bispecific Antibody GEN1044","code":"C173369","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the human T-cell surface antigen CD3 and oncofetal antigen 5T4, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD3/anti-5T4 bispecific antibody GEN1044 simultaneously targets and binds to CD3 expressed on T-cells and 5T4 expressed on tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the 5T4-expressing tumor cells. 5T4, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types; its expression is correlated with increased invasiveness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD3/5T4 Bispecific Antibody GEN1044","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-5T4 Bispecific Antibody GEN1044","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DuoBody-CD3x5T4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN 1044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN-1044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN1044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801833"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801833"}]}}{"C166258":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-GUCY2C Bispecific Antibody PF-07062119","code":"C166258","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human guanylate cyclase 2C (GUCY2C; GCC; guanylyl cyclase C; heat-stable enterotoxin receptor; hSTAR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD3/anti-GUCY2C bispecific antibody PF-07062119 targets and binds to both CD3 on T-cells and GUCY2C expressed on certain tumor cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GUCY2C-expressing tumor cells. GUCY2C, a transmembrane receptor expressed on intestinal epithelial cells, is overexpressed on certain tumors of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD3 x Anti-GUCY2C Bispecific Antibody PF-07062119","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-GUCY2C Bispecific Antibody PF-07062119","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/Anti-GUCY2C Bispecific Antibody PF-07062119","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GUCY2C/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody PF-07062119","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 07062119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-07062119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF07062119","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-cell Bispecific Antibody PF-07062119","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971303"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800221"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800221"}]}}{"C165583":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD3/CD7-Ricin Toxin A Immunotoxin","code":"C165583","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotoxin (IT) combination composed of two antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), one containing a monoclonal antibody against CD3 and one against the CD7 antigen on activated T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells, and both conjugated to ricin toxin A (RTA), the A-chain form of the potent plant toxin ricin, that can potentially be used to destroy activated T- and NK cells. Upon administration of the anti-CD3/CD7-RTA immunotoxin, the anti-CD3 antibody moiety targets and binds to activated T-cells; the anti-CD7 antibody moiety targets and binds to CD7 on activated T-cells and NK cells. Upon internalization and cleavage, the RTA moiety irreversibly inhibits protein synthesis and induces apoptosis in the activated T-cells. This may eliminate activated T-cells and may improve conditions such as graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD). In addition, the binding and blocking of the anti-CD3 antibody to the T-cell receptor/CD3 complex (TCR/CD3) results in activation-induced cell death (AICD) and immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD3/CD7-RTA Immunotoxin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/CD7-Ricin Toxin A Immunotoxin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD3/CD7-Ricin Toxin A Immunotoxin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD3/CD7-Ricin A IT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Guard","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978824"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799985"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799985"}]}}{"C172064":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD30/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate F0002","code":"C172064","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor CD30 conjugated, via a nonreducible thioether linker (succinimidyl trans-4-(maleimidylmethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate or SMCC), to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid mertansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of F0002 targets and binds to CD30-expressing tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake and internalization, the mertansine moiety binds to tubulin and interferes with microtubule assembly and disassembly dynamics. This inhibits both cell division and the proliferation of tumor cells that express CD30. Transiently activated during lymphocyte activation, CD30 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 8; TNFRSF8) may be constitutively expressed in some hematologic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC F0002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30/DM1 ADC F0002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD30/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate F0002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F 0002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F-0002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F0002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F0002-ADC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406212"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801498"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801498"}]}}{"C172443":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD37 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GEN3009","code":"C172443","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc-engineered, humanized, bispecific hexamer formation-enhanced immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody that targets two separate epitopes on the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD37, with the E430G hexamerization-enhancing mutation, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD37 bispecific monoclonal antibody GEN3009 specifically targets and binds to two non-overlapping CD37 epitopes, thereby inducing an assembly of antibody hexamers through intermolecular Fc-Fc interactions at the cell surface of CD37-overexpressing tumor cells. These hexamers recruit and activate C1, the first component of complement, thereby triggering the complement cascade which activates the immune system to induce complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). In addition, GEN3009 binding to the CD37-overexpressing tumor cells also causes antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP). CD37, a member of the tetraspanin superfamily of cell surface antigens, is expressed at high-levels on B cells and to a lesser extent on T cells and myeloid cells. The E430G mutation in the Fc domains enhances Fc-mediated IgG hexamerization upon cellular target binding, and enhances CDC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD37 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GEN3009","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD37 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GEN3009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DuoHexaBody-CD37","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DuoHexaBody-CD37 GEN3009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN 3009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN-3009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN3009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406362"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802024"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802024"}]}}{"C174057":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD38 Antibody-drug Conjugate STI-6129","code":"C174057","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of STI-5171, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting human cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD38, site-specifically conjugated, via a non-polyethylene glycol linker, to a monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF)-derived cytotoxic payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD38 ADC STI-6129, the antibody moiety targets and binds to CD38 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the MMAF derivative binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies; its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC STI-6129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38 ADC STI-6129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38 Antibody-drug Conjugate STI-6129","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38 Antibody-drug Conjugate STI-6129","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38-Duostatin 5.2 ADC STI-6129","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD38-077","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LNDS1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STI 6129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STI-6129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STI6129","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802462"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802462"}]}}{"C166376":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody SAR442085","code":"C166376","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of Fc-engineered monoclonal antibody that targets the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanisms(s) through which this agent exerts its effects have yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration, anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody SAR442085 targets and binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. This may trigger, in addition to other possible responses, antitumoral antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and may eventually lead to cell lysis in CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody SAR442085","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody SAR442085","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 442085","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-442085","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR442085","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971630"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800231"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800231"}]}}{"C173645":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD38/CD28xCD3 Tri-specific Monoclonal Antibody SAR442257","code":"C173645","definitions":[{"description":"A tri-specific T-cell engager and monoclonal antibody targeting CD38, a human cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and CD28, a T-cell specific surface glycoprotein and co-stimulatory molecule, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD38/CD3/CD28 tri-specific monoclonal antibody SAR442257 targets and binds to CD3 and CD28 on T-cells and CD38 expressed on tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD38-expressing tumor cells. In addition, SAR442257 can also directly target CD28 expressed on tumor cells, such as multiple myeloma cells, thereby enhancing the anti-tumor activity of this agent and allowing it to bind to tumor cells when CD38 is occupied by other antibodies. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies; its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD38/CD28xCD3 Tri-specific Monoclonal Antibody SAR442257","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD38/CD28xCD3 Tri-specific Monoclonal Antibody SAR442257","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 442257","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-442257","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR442257","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tri-specific T-cell Engager SAR442257","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802010"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802010"}]}}{"C171450":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody SRF617","code":"C171450","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD39 (cluster of differentiation 39; ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1; NTPDase1; ENTPD1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD39 monoclonal antibody SRF617 specifically binds to the CD39 antigen, thereby preventing the conversion and degradation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP). This leads to an increase in the extracellular levels of immunogenic ATP and a decrease in the levels of immunosuppressive adenosine within the tumor microenvironment (TME). A high level of ATP increases pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and promotes both T-cell proliferation and the stimulation of dendritic and other myeloid-derived cells that are necessary for innate and adaptive immunity. CD39, a cell surface ectonucleosidase, is upregulated on tumor cells as an immune evasion strategy. Blocking its action may improve anti-tumor immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody SRF617","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody SRF617","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF 617","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF-617","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRF617","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405530"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801999"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801999"}]}}{"C168604":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD40/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Agonist Monoclonal Antibody GEN1042","code":"C168604","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1, Fc-silenced, bispecific, agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting both CD40 and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD40/anti-4-1BB bispecific agonist monoclonal antibody GEN1042 simultaneously binds to CD40 and 4-1BB, crosslinks CD40 and 4-1BB positive cells, induces conditional stimulation, and activates both CD40- and 4-1BB-medicated signaling. The activation of CD40-mediated signaling triggers the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activates T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. The activation of 4-1BB-mediated signaling induces cytokine production and promotes T-cell mediated anti-tumor immune responses. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on various immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and B-cells, and plays a key role in the activation of the immune system. 4-1BB, a surface glycoprotein of the TNFRSF, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD40/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Agonist Monoclonal Antibody GEN1042","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Agonist Monoclonal Antibody GEN1042","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40/Anti-CD137 Bispecific Agonist Monoclonal Antibody GEN1042","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNT 312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNT-312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNT312","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DuoBody-CD40x4-1BB GEN1042","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN 1042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN-1042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN1042","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972921"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800410"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800410"}]}}{"C173421":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD47 ADC SGN-CD47M","code":"C173421","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against human cell surface antigen CD47 conjugated to an as of yet not fully elucidated toxin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of SGN-CD47M, the anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to CD47 on tumor cell surfaces; upon internalization, the toxin moiety kills tumor cells through a mechanism of action that has not been elucidated. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SGN-CD47M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 ADC SGN-CD47M","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 ADC SGN-CD47M","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD47M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN CD47M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-CD47M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGNCD47M","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801749"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801749"}]}}{"C174192":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-002","code":"C174192","definitions":[{"description":"A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting leukocyte surface antigen CD47, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody IMC-002 targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells, blocking the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrophage activation and phagocytosis of cancer cells. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1), which is expressed on macrophages, and results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, thereby allowing cancer cells to proliferate. IMC-002 does not bind to red blood cells (RBCs). This may prevent adverse effects such as anemia that can result from the blockade of CD47 expressed on RBCs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC 002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802480"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802480"}]}}{"C166137":{"preferredName":"Anti-CD47/CD19 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TG-1801","code":"C166137","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19, and another that is directed against the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CD47/CD19 bispecific monoclonal antibody TG-1801, the anti-CD19 moiety selectively targets and binds to CD19 on CD19-positive B-cells, thereby improving binding of the anti-CD47 moiety to the CD19+ malignant B-cells. The CD47 binding by TG-1801 blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), which prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages, which results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of the CD19/CD47-expressing tumor cells. Additionally, blocking CD47 signaling activates an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T-cell-mediated killing of CD19/CD47-expressing tumor cells. In addition, TG-1801 induces an anti-tumor activity through the induction of antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), widely expressed on normal, healthy cells, such as red blood cells and platelets, and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPalpha, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate. CD19 is a membrane antigen that is widely expressed during B-cell development and in B-cell malignancies. By co-targeting CD47 and CD19, TG-1801 has the potential to overcome the limitations of existing CD47-targeted therapies by possibly avoiding the side effects caused by binding to CD47 on healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) which causes unwanted macrophage-mediated phagocytosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD47/CD19 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TG-1801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TG-1801","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG 1801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-1801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-1801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TG1801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL979205"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"BK3WC9ZP7A"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799809"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799809"}]}}{"C173724":{"preferredName":"Anti-claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody AB011","code":"C173724","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-claudin18.2 monoclonal antibody AB011 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. This may kill CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells and inhibit cell proliferation. CLDN18.2, a tight junction protein and stomach-specific isoform of claudin-18, is expressed on a variety of tumor cells, but its expression in healthy tissues is strictly confined to short-lived differentiated epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB 011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CLDN18.2 Monoclonal Antibody AB011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody AB011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802013"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802013"}]}}{"C173726":{"preferredName":"Anti-Claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody TST001","code":"C173726","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-claudin18.2 monoclonal antibody TST001 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. This may kill CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and inhibit cell proliferation. CLDN18.2, a tight junction protein and stomach-specific isoform of claudin-18, is overexpressed on a variety of tumor cells, but its expression in healthy tissues is strictly confined to short-lived differentiated epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa. TST001 is produced with reduced fucosylation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-Claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody TST001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody TST001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TST 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TST-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TST001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802035"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802035"}]}}{"C166139":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ADG116","code":"C166139","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody ADG116 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells, thereby killing cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADG 116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADG-116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ADG116","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ADG116","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL979207"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799904"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799904"}]}}{"C173540":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody HBM4003","code":"C173540","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human heavy chain only antibody (HCAb) directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4;CTLA4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody HBM4003 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells, and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. In addition, HBM4003 induces an antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC). CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system. HBM4003, being a HCAb, is smaller than conventional antibodies which may allow for increased tissue penetration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody HBM4003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA4 Monoclonal Antibody HBM4003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA4/Anti-PD1 Monoclonal Antibody Combination BCD-217","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HBM 4003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HBM-4003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HBM4003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801868"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801868"}]}}{"C173547":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ONC-392","code":"C173547","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized, pH-sensitive immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4; CD152), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody ONC-392 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells, thereby killing cancer cells. As ONC-392 is dissociated from CTLA-4 under low pH, it does not cause lysosomal degradation of CTLA-4, preserving CTLA-4 and allowing the recycling of CTLA-4. This may result in more efficient and selective CTLA-4-targeted regulatory T-cell (Treg) depletion within the tumor microenvironment (TME) while preserving CTLA-4 functions outside the TME, thereby reducing toxicities. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ONC-392","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ONC-392","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA4 Monoclonal Antibody ONC-392","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONC 392","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONC-392","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONC392","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801887"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801887"}]}}{"C173435":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Probody BMS-986288","code":"C173435","definitions":[{"description":"A probody composed of a modified version of ipilimumab, a recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), linked to a proprietary masking peptide that covers the active antigen-binding site of the antibody through a protease-cleavable linker, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CTLA-4 probody BMS-986288, the masking peptide is cleaved by tumor-associated proteases upon extravasation into the tumor microenvironment (TME). Protease-mediated removal of the linker enables binding of the unmasked monoclonal antibody moiety to CTLA-4, which is expressed on certain T-cells. This inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation, and leads to both activation of tumor infiltrating T-effector cells and a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on activated effector T-cells (Teffs) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs), plays a key role in the inhibition of T-cell activity and downregulation of the immune system. The peptide masking of BMS-986288 minimizes binding to CTLA-4 in normal tissues and may reduce systemic toxicity, when compared to ipilimumab. Tumor-associated proteases are present in high concentrations and aberrantly activated in the TME.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Probody BMS-986288","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4 Probody BMS-986288","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS 986288","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986288","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986288","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Probody BMS-986288","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801762"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801762"}]}}{"C172196":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA-4/Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Combination BCD-217","code":"C172196","definitions":[{"description":"A fixed dose combination of two monoclonal antibodies of which one is directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the other one is directed against the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4/anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody combination BCD-217 targets and binds to both PD-1 and CTLA-4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and inhibits the PD-1- and CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation. This restores immune function and activates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. Both PD-1 and CTLA-4 are selectively expressed on TILs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and negatively regulate the activation and effector functions of T-cells. They play key roles in the downregulation of the immune system and tumor evasion from host immunity. Dual checkpoint blockade of PD-1 and CTLA-4 enhances T-cell activation and proliferation more than the blockade of either immune checkpoint receptor alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4/Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Combination BCD-217","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA-4/PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Combination BCD-217","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA4/Anti-PD1 Monoclonal Antibody Combination BCD-217","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD 217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD-217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCD217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406094"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801536"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801536"}]}}{"C173422":{"preferredName":"Anti-CTLA4 Antibody Fc Fusion Protein KN044","code":"C173422","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized fusion protein consisting of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4) single domain antibody linked to a Fc domain, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA4 antibody Fc fusion protein KN044 targets and binds to CTLA4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CTLA4 Antibody Fc Fusion Protein KN044","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CTLA4 Antibody Fusion Protein KN044","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN 044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN-044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KN044","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801856"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801856"}]}}{"C171163":{"preferredName":"Anti-EGFR/CD16A Bispecific Antibody AFM24","code":"C171163","definitions":[{"description":"A human, tetravalent, bispecific antibody targeting both the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the human low affinity IgG Fc region receptor IIIA (FCGR3A; CD16A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-EGFR/CD16A bispecific antibody AFM24 simultaneously targets and binds to the CD16A expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages, and to EGFR on EGFR-expressing tumor cells, thereby selectively cross-linking EGFR-expressing tumor cells with NK cells and macrophages. This may result in NK cell and macrophage activation, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), and eventually tumor cell lysis. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. CD16A is specifically expressed on the surface of NK cells and macrophages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFM 24","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFM-24","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFM24","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/Anti-CD16A Bispecific Antibody AFM24","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/CD16A Bispecific Antibody AFM24","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/CD16A Bispecific Antibody AFM24","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/CD16A Tetravalent Bispecific Antibody AFM24","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific EGFR/CD16A Innate Cell Engager AFM24","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405396"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801966"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801966"}]}}{"C173946":{"preferredName":"Anti-FRA/Eribulin Antibody-drug Conjugate MORAb-202","code":"C173946","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) composed of farletuzumab, a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the folate receptor alpha (FRA; FolRa; FOLR1), and conjugated, via a cathepsin B-cleavable linker, to the microtubule-targeting agent (MTA) eribulin, a derivative of the macrocyclic polyether natural product halichondrin B, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of MORAb-202, the farletuzumab moiety targets and binds to FRA expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization, and enzymatic cleavage, eribulin binds to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules, resulting in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, and the induction of tumor cell death in FRA-expressing cells. FRA is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linked cell-surface glycoprotein that is widely expressed in certain cancers while its expression is limited in normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC MORAb-202","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FRA ADC MORAb-202","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FRA/Eribulin ADC MORAb-202","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FRA/Eribulin Antibody-drug Conjugate MORAb-202","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-FRA/Eribulin Antibody-drug Conjugate MORAb-202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORAb 202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORAb-202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MORAb202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802404"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802404"}]}}{"C165684":{"preferredName":"Anti-GARP Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-151","code":"C165684","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) activator, glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP; leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 32; LRRC32), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GARP monoclonal antibody ABBV-151 selectively targets and binds to GARP which interferes with the production and release of active TGFbeta by regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Selective inhibition of the release of TGFbeta from Tregs leads to a reversal of immunosuppression thereby increasing the immune response to tumor cells. GARP, a leucine-rich repeat-containing protein, is essential for the expression of TGFbeta on the cell surface of activated Tregs; it plays an important role in regulation of the immune cell function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV151","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARGX 115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARGX-115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARGX115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GARP Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-151","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GARP Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-151","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-glycoprotein A Repetitions Predominant Monoclonal Antibody ABBV-151","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978918"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800125"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800125"}]}}{"C165657":{"preferredName":"Anti-Globo H/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate OBI 999","code":"C165657","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of OBI-888 (OBI 888), a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) globohexaosylceramide (globo H), covalently linked to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-globo H/MMAE ADC OBI 999, the antibody moiety of OBI 999, OBI 888, targets and binds to globo H on tumor cells and is rapidly internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Upon proteolytic cleavage, MMAE targets and binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in G2/M checkpoint arrest and apoptosis in globo H-expressing tumor cells. Globo H, a hexasaccharide glycosphingolipid, is (over)expressed on the surface of many types of tumor cells. Globo H is minimally or not expressed on healthy, normal cells; its expression on cancer cells is associated with increased proliferation and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC OBI 999","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Globo H/MMAE ADC OBI 999","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Globo H/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate OBI 999","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Globo H/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate OBI 999","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI 999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI-888/MMAE ADC OBI-999","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI-999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OBI999","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978959"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800120"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800120"}]}}{"C172987":{"preferredName":"Anti-GPR20/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-6157a","code":"C172987","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the G protein-coupled receptor 20 (GPR20) conjugated to the cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor and exatecan derivative DXd (MAAA-1181a; MAAA-1181), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-GPR20/DXd ADC DS-6157a, the anti-GPR20 antibody targets and binds to GPR20-expressing tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake, the DXd moiety targets and binds to DNA topoisomerase I, thereby stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication and apoptosis. This inhibits the proliferation of GPR20-expressing tumor cells. GPR20 is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DS-6157a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GPR20 ADC DS-6157a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GPR20/DXd ADC DS-6157a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-GPR20/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-6157a","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-GPR20/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-6157a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS 6157a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS-6157a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DS6157a","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406780"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802044"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802044"}]}}{"C173701":{"preferredName":"Anti-gremlin-1 Monoclonal Antibody UCB6114","code":"C173701","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against gremlin-1 (GREM1; Drm), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-gremlin-1 antibody UCB6114 specifically targets and binds to gremlin-1, thereby neutralizing Gremlin-1. This may block the gremlin-1-mediated inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways, and may lead to the inhibition of tumor cell growth and proliferation. Gremlin-1, a BMP antagonist that is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, is involved in cancer cell growth and proliferation as well as tissue fibrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-GREM1 Monoclonal Antibody UCB6114","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-gremlin-1 Monoclonal Antibody UCB6114","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCB 6114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCB-6114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UCB6114","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802055"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802055"}]}}{"C173076":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody Conjugated Natural Killer Cells ACE1702","code":"C173076","definitions":[{"description":"An off-the-shelf preparation of natural killer (NK) cells conjugated to a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2 antibody conjugated natural killer cells ACE1702, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells, which may lead to cell lysis of HER2-expressing tumor cells by the NK cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACE 1702","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACE-1702","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ACE1702","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody Conjugated NK Cells ACE1702","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody Conjugated Natural Killer Cells ACE1702","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody Conjugated Natural Killer Cells ACE1702","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody Natural Killer Cell Conjugate ACE1702","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Conjugated NK Cells ACE1702","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 NK Cells ACE1702","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 oNK Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406967"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802031"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802031"}]}}{"C173966":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8001","code":"C173966","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) conjugated via an uncleavable linker to an as of yet undisclosed maytansine derivative, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-HER2 ADC BAT8001, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake, the cytotoxic maytansine derivative binds to tubulin, thereby affecting microtubule assembly and disassembly dynamics. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC BAT8001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 ADC BAT8001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT 8001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT-8001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT8001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802162"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802162"}]}}{"C173962":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate DP303c","code":"C173962","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) and conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2 ADC DP303c, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent induces tumor cell apoptosis, through an as of yet not publicly known mechanism. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC DP303c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate DP303c","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate DP303c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DP 303c","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DP-303c","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DP303c","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802152"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802152"}]}}{"C174121":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody B002","code":"C174121","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody B002 targets and binds to HER2 on HER2-expressing tumor cells. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and may lead to antitumor activity. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody B002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B 002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802228"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802228"}]}}{"C172198":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody HLX22","code":"C172198","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin (lg) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody HLX22 targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cell surface. This may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response as well as an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody HLX22","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX 22","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX-22","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLX22","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406092"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801537"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801537"}]}}{"C173420":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2-DM1 ADC B003","code":"C173420","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a recombinant humanized anti-epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody conjugated to the maytansinoid DM1 via a nonreducible thioether linkage (MCC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of B003, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cell surfaces; upon internalization, the DM1 moiety is released and binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, inhibiting cell division and the proliferation of cancer cells that overexpress HER2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC B003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2-DM1 ADC B003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2-DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate B003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B 003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Humanized Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody-MCC-DM1 B003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801748"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801748"}]}}{"C173827":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2-DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate GQ1001","code":"C173827","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) and conjugated, via a site-specific linker, to the cytotoxic maytansinoid mertansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2-DM1 ADC GQ1001, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cell surfaces. Upon cellular uptake and internalization, DM1 binds to tubulin and interferes with microtubule assembly and disassembly dynamics. This inhibits cell division and the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC GQ1001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2-DM1 ADC GQ1001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2-DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate GQ1001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2-DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate GQ1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GQ 1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GQ-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GQ1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802397"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802397"}]}}{"C174205":{"preferredName":"Anti-HER2/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate MRG002","code":"C174205","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Following administration, the antibody moiety of anti-HER2/MMAE ADC MRG002 targets and binds to HER2 on the surface of tumor cells. Following internalization of MRG002, MMAE targets and binds to tubulin, and inhibits microtubule polymerization. This results in G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC MRG002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/MMAE ADC MRG002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate MRG002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate MRG002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRG 002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRG-002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRG002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C175374":{"preferredName":"Anti-HLA-G Antibody TTX-080","code":"C175374","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody targeting HLA-G histocompatibility antigen, class I, G (human leukocyte antigen G; HLA-G), with potential immune checkpoint inhibiting, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-HLA-G antibody TTX-080 targets and binds to HLA-G, thereby preventing the binding of HLA-G to its inhibitory receptors on a variety of immune cells, such as natural killer cells (NKs), T- and B-lymphocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs). This may prevent the HLA-G-mediated immune suppression, thereby activating both innate and adaptive immune responses. This may activate anti-tumor immune responses. HLA-G, an immune checkpoint normally expressed at the maternal-fetal interface, is expressed across multiple tumor types and plays a key role in cancer immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-HLA-G Antibody TTX-080","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-HLA-G Antibody TTX-080","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-G Antagonist TTX-080","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTX 080","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTX-080","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTX080","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803279"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803279"}]}}{"C172391":{"preferredName":"Anti-integrin Beta-6/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-B6A","code":"C172391","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized antibody targeting integrin beta-6 and conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of anti-integrin beta-6/MMAE ADC SGN-B6A targets and binds to integrin beta-6 on the surface of tumor cells. Following internalization of SGN-B6A and release of MMAE, MMAE targets and binds to tubulin, and inhibits microtubule polymerization. This results in G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in integrin beta-6-expressing tumor cells. Integrin beta-6 is a subunit of integrin alpha-V beta-6 (aVb6). Integrin aVb6, a cell adhesion and signaling receptor, is upregulated in certain cancer cell types and has been associated with increased proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-integrin Beta-6 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-B6A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-integrin Beta-6-MMAE ADC SGN-B6A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-integrin Beta-6/MMAE ADC SGN-B6A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-integrin Beta-6/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-B6A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-integrin Beta-6/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-B6A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN B6A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-B6A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGNB6A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406348"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802023"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802023"}]}}{"C173725":{"preferredName":"Anti-IRF4 Antisense Oligonucleotide ION251","code":"C173725","definitions":[{"description":"An antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting the interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) mRNA, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-IRF4 ASO ION251 hybridizes with IRF4 mRNA, which blocks translation of the IRF4 protein. Reduction of IRF4 levels prevents the expression of IRF4-controlled tumor promoter genes, and may enhance tumor cell apoptosis and prevent T-cell exhaustion. IRF4, a transcription factor expressed in lymphocytes and essential for plasma cell differentiation, is involved in immune cell development and plays a key role in T-cell functions. It is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and is a key regulator of multiple genes controlling tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-IRF4 ASO ION251","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-IRF4 ASO IONIS-IRF4-2.5Rx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-IRF4 Antisense Oligonucleotide ION251","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-IRF4 Antisense Oligonucleotide ION251","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ION 251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ION-251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ION251","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IONIS-IRF4-2.5Rx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802018"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802018"}]}}{"C168603":{"preferredName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody IBI-110","code":"C168603","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory receptor lymphocyte-activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LAG-3 monoclonal antibody IBI110 targets and binds to LAG-3 expressed by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and tumor cells. This prevents the negative regulation of T-cell activity that occurs via LAG-3-MHC II binding and enhances a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells, leading to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG-3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), negatively regulates both the proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody IBI-110","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody IBI110","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI 110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI-110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972918"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800401"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800401"}]}}{"C173598":{"preferredName":"Anti-latent TGF-beta 1 Monoclonal Antibody SRK-181","code":"C173598","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against latent human transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 (TGFb1; TGF-b1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-latent TGFb1 monoclonal antibody SRK-181 specifically targets, binds to, and inhibits the activation of latent TGFb1 complexes, thereby preventing TGFb1-mediated signaling. This abrogates TGFb1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor cell death. This may lead to a reduction in TGFb1-dependent proliferation of cancer cells. The TGF-beta signaling pathway is often deregulated in tumors and plays a key role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, invasion, and angiogenesis. It plays a key role in immunosuppression in the TME. TGFb1 is the predominant isoform in many tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TGF-beta 1 Monoclonal Antibody SRK-181","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-latent TGF-b1 Monoclonal Antibody SRK-181","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-latent TGF-beta 1 Monoclonal Antibody SRK-181","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-latent TGF-beta 1 Monoclonal Antibody SRK-181","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-latent TGFb1 Monoclonal Antibody SRK-181","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRK 181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRK-181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRK181","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802238"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802238"}]}}{"C175411":{"preferredName":"Anti-Lewis B/Lewis Y Monoclonal Antibody GNX102","code":"C175411","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) Lewis B (LeB) and Lewis Y (LeY), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-LeB/LeY monoclonal antibody GNX102 binds to branched LeB and LeY glycans, which may induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against LeB- and LeY-expressing tumor cells. LeB and LeY antigens, tetrasaccharides with low to moderate expression in monomeric form in normal adult tissues, is overexpressed in branched form in multiple forms of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LeB/LeY Monoclonal Antibody GNX102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Lewis B/Lewis Y Monoclonal Antibody GNX102","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Lewis B/Lewis Y Monoclonal Antibody GNX102","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-branched Lewis B/Lewis Y Monoclonal Antibody GNX102","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GNX 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GNX-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GNX102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803029"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803029"}]}}{"C174485":{"preferredName":"Anti-LILRB4 Monoclonal Antibody IO-202","code":"C174485","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the immune inhibitory receptor leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B4 (LILRB4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LILRB4 monoclonal antibody IO-202 targets, binds to and inhibits LILRB4 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells, and inhibit tumor infiltration. LILRB4, an immune inhibitory receptor normally expressed on monocytic cells and highly expressed on monocytic acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation as its extracellular domain inhibits T-cell activity. It plays an important role in tumor infiltration in leukemias through multiple signaling pathways.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-LILRB4 Monoclonal Antibody IO-202","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-LILRB4 Monoclonal Antibody IO-202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor B4 Monoclonal Antibody IO-202","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IO 202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IO-202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IO202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803121"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803121"}]}}{"C174395":{"preferredName":"Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate RC88","code":"C174395","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody directed against the human cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin and conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of anti-mesothelin/MMAE ADC RC88 targets and binds to the tumor associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin on the surface of tumor cells. Upon internalization and the release of MMAE, MMAE targets and binds to tubulin, and inhibits microtubule polymerization. This results in G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in mesothelin-expressing tumor cells. Mesothelin is overexpressed by all mesotheliomas and a variety of other cancers, while it is minimally expressed in normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC RC88","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin Antibody-drug Conjugate RC88","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin/MMAE ADC RC88","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate RC88","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RC 88","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RC-88","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RC88","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802312"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802312"}]}}{"C165588":{"preferredName":"Anti-MUC17/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 199","code":"C165588","definitions":[{"description":"A half-life extended (HLE), human bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human mucin 17 (MUC17), and one directed against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-MUC17/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 199 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and MUC17 expressed on tumor cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against MUC17-expressing tumor cells. MUC17, a member of the mucin family of glycoproteins, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cells of epithelial origin and plays a key role in tumor cell dissemination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 199","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG199","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-MUC17 x Anti-CD3 BiTE AMG 199","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-MUC17/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 199","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-MUC17/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 199","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-MUC17/CD3 Bispecific Antibody AMG 199","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 199","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 199","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUC17/CD3-directed Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 199","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUC17xCD3 Bispecific T-cell Engager AMG 199","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978828"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799758"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799758"}]}}{"C173702":{"preferredName":"Anti-NaPi2b Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1592","code":"C173702","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of XMT-1535, a humanized monoclonal antibody against human sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (SLC34A2; NaPi2b), that is site-specifically bioconjugated to the cytotoxic aurastatin derivative auristatin F-HPA (AF-HPA; auristatin F-hydroxypropylamide), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-NaPi2b ADC XMT-1592, the antibody moiety targets and binds to NaPi2b expressed on tumor cells. Following internalization of XMT-1592 and release of AF-HPA, the AF-HPA binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis of NaPi2b-expressing tumor cells. NaPi2b, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in the transport of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and the maintenance of phosphate homeostasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-NaPi2b ADC XMT-1592","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-NaPi2b Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1592","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-NaPi2b/Auristatin F-HPA ADC XMT-1592","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NaPi2b-targeted Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1592","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT 1592","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT-1592","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XMT1592","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802039"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802039"}]}}{"C175453":{"preferredName":"Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A445","code":"C175453","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-OX40 agonist monoclonal antibody BGB-A445 selectively binds to OX40, thereby activating OX40. This induces the proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and results in a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which leads to tumor cell lysis. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal that promotes both the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A445","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB A445","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-A445","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGBA445","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802825"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802825"}]}}{"C173983":{"preferredName":"Anti-OX40 Hexavalent Agonist Antibody INBRX-106","code":"C173983","definitions":[{"description":"An agonistic, recombinant, humanized, hexavalent immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody targeting the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-OX40 hexavalent agonist antibody INBRX-106 selectively binds to six OX40 receptors per molecule, thereby clustering and activating OX40. This induces the proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and results in a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which leads to tumor cell lysis. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on T-lymphocytes and provides a co-stimulatory signal that promotes both the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells. Utilizing a hexavalent OX40 antibody may improve receptor clustering and downstream signaling over tetravalent or bivalent OX40 antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Agonistic Antibody INBRX-106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Hexavalent Agonist Antibody INBRX-106","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-OX40 Hexavalent Agonist Antibody INBRX-106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ES 102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ES-102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ES102","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX 106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX-106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INBRX106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802449"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802449"}]}}{"C174140":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Antibody-interleukin-21 Mutein Fusion Protein AMG 256","code":"C174140","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) fused to a mutein of the cytokine interleukin-21 (IL-21), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PD-1 antibody-IL-21 mutein fusion protein AMG 256, the antibody moiety specifically targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. The IL-21 mutein moiety binds to the IL-21 receptor and activates IL-21 cytokine signaling in PD-1-expressing cells. This may modulate the proliferation and/or differentiation, promote survival, and increase the cytolytic activity of PD-1-expressing T-cells, thereby enhancing T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. IL-21 plays an important role in the regulation of cellular immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 256","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-256","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG256","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Antibody-IL-21 Mutein Fusion Protein AMG 256","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Antibody-interleukin-21 Mutein Fusion Protein AMG 256","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Antibody-interleukin-21 Mutein Fusion Protein AMG 256","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1-targeted IL-21 Receptor Agonist AMG 256","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802477"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802477"}]}}{"C172820":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody 609A","code":"C172820","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody 609A targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"609 A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"609-A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"609A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody 609A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406852"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801688"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801688"}]}}{"C170758":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody SCT-I10A","code":"C170758","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody SCT-I10A targets, binds to, and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune functions through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody SCT-I10A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCT I10A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCT-I10A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCTI10A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383152"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800786"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800786"}]}}{"C174419":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody IBI315","code":"C174419","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-PD-1/anti-HER2 bispecific antibody IBI315 simultaneously targets, binds to and inhibits HER2 and PD-1 and their downstream signaling pathways, and bridges PD-1-expressing T-cells to HER2-expressing tumor cells. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation of HER2-overexpressing cells. Inhibition of PD-1-mediated signaling may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against the HER2-expressing tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody IBI315","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BH 2950","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BH-2950","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BH2950","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2/PD-1 Bi-specific Antibody BH 2950","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI 315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI-315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI315","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802264"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802264"}]}}{"C173539":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7247669","code":"C173539","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PD1; PDCD1; CD279; Programmed Death 1) and lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-LAG-3 bispecific antibody RO7247669 targets and binds to both PD-1 and LAG-3 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the PD-1- and LAG-3-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation. This may lead to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. PD-1 and LAG-3 play key roles in suppressing T-cell activation and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7247669","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD1/Anti-LAG3 Bispecific Antibody RO7247669","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7247669","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-7247669","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7247669","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801886"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801886"}]}}{"C171938":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody IBI318","code":"C171938","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and its ligand, human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1; CD274), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 bispecific antibody IBI318 simultaneously targets and binds to PD-1, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and PD-L1, which is expressed on tumor cells. This crosslinks PD-1-expressing T cells and PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. This prevents PD-L1 from binding to and activating its receptor PD-1 and inhibits the PD-L1/PD-1-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation. This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody IBI318","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody IBI318","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody IBI318","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI 318","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI-318","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBI318","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody IBI318","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405902"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801472"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801472"}]}}{"C168600":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/CD47 Infusion Protein HX009","code":"C168600","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody fusion protein directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PD-1/CD47 infusion protein HX009, the agent simultaneously and selectively targets and binds to PD-1 expressed on T-lymphocytes and CD47 on tumor cells. The CD47 binding by HX009 blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), which prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages, which results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of the CD47-expressing tumor cells. The binding of HX009 to PD-1 blocks the interaction between PD-1 and its ligands, PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore effector T-cell functions and may further activate cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated tumor cell killing. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), widely expressed on normal, healthy cells, such as red blood cells and platelets, and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPalpha, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate. By co-targeting CD47 and PD-1, HX009 has the potential to overcome the limitations of existing CD47-targeted therapies by possibly avoiding the side effects caused by binding to CD47 on healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which causes unwanted macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. PD-1, an inhibitory receptor belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), is expressed on activated T-lymphocytes; it functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands, and plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/CD47 Infusion Protein HX009","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD1/CD47 Bi-specific Antibody Fusion Protein HX009","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HX 009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HX-009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HX009","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972917"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800318"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800318"}]}}{"C171937":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody MEDI5752","code":"C171937","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain bispecific human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD1/CTLA4 bispecific antibody MEDI5752 targets and binds to both PD-1 and CTLA4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs), and inhibits the PD-1- and CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation. In addition, MEDI5752 is internalized and is able to degrade PD-1. This restores immune function and activates a sustained cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. Both PD-1 and CTLA4 are selectively expressed on TILs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and negatively regulate the activation and effector functions of T-cells. They play key roles in the downregulation of the immune system and tumor evasion from host immunity. Dual checkpoint blockade of PD1 and CTLA4 with MEDI5752 may enhance T-cell activation and proliferation more than the blockade of either immune checkpoint receptor alone. It may also decrease toxicity by avoiding the binding to CTLA-4-expressing T-cells that are devoid of PD-1. The engineered Fc domain may reduce Fc effector function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-1 x CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody MEDI5752","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody MEDI5752","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody MEDI5752","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody MEDI5752","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI 5752","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI-5752","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEDI5752","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405903"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802004"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802004"}]}}{"C170909":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-1/VEGF Bispecific Antibody AK112","code":"C170909","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PD-1/VEGF bispecific antibody AK112, this agent simultaneously targets and binds to both PD-1 expressed on certain T-cells and VEGF. The binding of AK112 to PD-1 prevents the activation of PD-1 by its ligands, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and/or 2 (PD-L2). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. The binding of AK112 to VEGF prevents binding of VEGF to its receptor VEGFR, abrogates VEGF/VEGFR-mediated signaling and may lead to the inhibition of vascular endothelial cell proliferation. The inhibition of tumor angiogenesis may further decrease tumor cell proliferation and prevent metastasis. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands PD-L1/ or PD-L2; it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. VEGF is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and is associated with increased invasiveness and decreased survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AK 112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK-112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AK112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/Anti-VEGF Bispecific Antibody AK112","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-1/VEGF Bispecific Antibody AK112","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1/VEGF Bispecific Antibody AK112","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383051"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800843"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800843"}]}}{"C172819":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-001","code":"C172819","definitions":[{"description":"A human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody IMC-001 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody IMC-001 also induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMC001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STI 3031","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STI3031","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406853"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801687"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801687"}]}}{"C174520":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody RC98","code":"C174520","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody RC98 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on activated T-cells, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody RC98","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RC 98","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RC-98","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RC98","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802372"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802372"}]}}{"C172194":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GEN1046","code":"C172194","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, Fc-silenced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/4-1BB bispecific antibody GEN1046 simultaneously targets and binds to 4-1BB, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes, and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. Through 4-1BB binding, GEN1046 acts as a conditional 4-1BB agonist, resulting in T-cell co-stimulation and enhances T-lymphocyte-mediated anti-tumor activity. At the same time,GEN1046 prevents PD-L1 from binding to and activating its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. 4-1BB, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GEN1046","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GEN1046","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNT 311","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DuoBody PD-L1 x 4-1BB GEN1046","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN 1046","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN-1046","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN1046","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406283"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801584"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801584"}]}}{"C173592":{"preferredName":"Anti-PD-L1/IL-15 Fusion Protein KD033","code":"C173592","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) fused to the immunostimulatory cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the anti-PD-L1/IL-15 fusion protein KD033, the anti-PD-L1 antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to PD-L1 expressing cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In turn, IL-15 stimulates the proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and memory T-cells locally in the TME, which induces an anti-tumor immune response. This may increase tumor cell killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. IL-15 regulates CD8+ T and NK cell development, activation and proliferation. PD-L1, a transmembrane protein, is expressed on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs) and on many cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1, a negative regulator of the immune system on activated T-cells, limits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/IL-15 Fusion Protein KD033","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PD-L1/IL-15 Fusion Protein KD033","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KD 033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KD-033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KD033","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802237"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802237"}]}}{"C170976":{"preferredName":"Anti-PRAME T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-F106C","code":"C170976","definitions":[{"description":"A T-cell re-directing bi-specific biologic composed of a modified form of human T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) and fused to an anti-CD3 single-chain variable fragment (scFv), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of IMC-F106C, the TCR moiety of this agent targets and binds to PRAME on tumor cells and the anti-CD3 scFv moiety binds to CD3- expressing T-lymphocytes. This selectively cross-links tumor cells and T-lymphocytes and results in a CTL-mediated death of PRAME-expressing tumor cells. The TAA PRAME is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PRAME T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-F106C","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PRAME T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-F106C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ImmTAC IMC-F106C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ImmTAC Molecule IMC-F106C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immune Mobilizing Monoclonal TCR Against Cancer IMC-F106C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383231"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801222"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801222"}]}}{"C169053":{"preferredName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody CCW702","code":"C169053","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody that targets both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PSMA/CD3 bispecific antibody CCW702, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and PSMA found on PSMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to PSMA-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PSMA is overexpressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody CCW702","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody CCW702","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCW 702","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCW-702","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCW702","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1378858"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800617"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800617"}]}}{"C174406":{"preferredName":"Anti-RANKL Monoclonal Antibody GB-223","code":"C174406","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANKL) with potential antiosteoclast and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-RANKL monoclonal antibody GB-223 specifically binds to RANKL and blocks the interaction of RANKL with RANK, a receptor located on osteoclast cell surfaces. This results in the inhibition of osteoclast activity, a decrease in bone resorption, and a potential increase in bone mineral density. By blocking the activation of the RANK/RANKL-mediated signaling pathway, GB-223 may also reduce tumor-associated bone destruction and may result in tumor regression in bone tumors with high RANK and RANKL expressions. RANKL, a protein expressed by osteoblastic cells, plays an important role in osteoclastic differentiation and activation. Both RANKL and RANK are overexpressed in certain bone tumors, and the RANK/RANKL-mediated signaling pathway plays an important role in certain bone tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-RANKL Monoclonal Antibody GB-223","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GB 223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GB-223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GB223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802325"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802325"}]}}{"C175441":{"preferredName":"Anti-RANKL Monoclonal Antibody JMT103","code":"C175441","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, human, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANKL), with potential antiosteoclast and bone-sparing activities. Upon administration, anti-RANKL monoclonal antibody JMT103 specifically binds to RANKL and blocks the interaction of RANKL with RANK, a receptor located on osteoclast cell surfaces. This may inhibit osteoclast activity, decrease bone resorption, increase bone mineral density, and may protect bones from tumor metastasis. This may abrogate hypercalcemia of malignancy and may correct serum calcium levels. RANKL, a protein expressed by osteoblastic cells, plays an important role in osteoclastic differentiation and activation. Both RANKL and RANK are overexpressed in certain bone tumors, and the RANK/RANKL-mediated signaling pathway plays an important role in certain bone tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-RANKL Monoclonal Antibody JMT103","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JMT 103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JMT-103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JMT103","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802778"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802778"}]}}{"C172924":{"preferredName":"Anti-Ribonucleoprotein Antibody ATRC-101","code":"C172924","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered, human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-RNP antibody ATRC-101 targets and binds to its RNP complex antigen on tumor cells. This may activate the innate immune system, change the local tumor microenvironment (TME) and promote T cell-mediated killing of tumor cells. The tumor-restricted RNP complex is expressed in a variety of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATRC 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATRC-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATRC101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-RNP Antibody ATRC-101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Ribonucleoprotein Antibody ATRC-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-Ribonucleoprotein Antibody ATRC-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406946"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802038"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802038"}]}}{"C174012":{"preferredName":"Anti-ROR1/PNU-159682 Derivative Antibody-drug Conjugate NBE-002","code":"C174012","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) site-specifically conjugated to a derivative of the highly potent anthracycline PNU-159682, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of NBE-002 targets and binds to ROR1 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the anthracycline-based toxin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II. This leads to an inhibition of DNA replication and repair, and prevents RNA and protein synthesis. This kills the ROR1-expressing cancer cells. In addition, the PNU-159682 derivate may promote immunogenic cell death (ICD) and activate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response, thereby further killing the ROR1-expressing tumor cells. ROR1, also known as neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor-related 1 (NTRKR1), is expressed during embryogenesis and by certain leukemias. It plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC NBE-002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anthracycline-based Immune-stimulatory ADC NBE-002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ROR1/PNU-159682 Derivative ADC NBE-002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-ROR1/PNU-159682 Derivative Antibody-drug Conjugate NBE-002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-ROR1/PNU-159682 Derivative Antibody-drug Conjugate NBE-002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBE 002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBE-002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBE002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iADC NBE-002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802454"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802454"}]}}{"C170906":{"preferredName":"Ociperlimab","code":"C170906","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, ociperlimab targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PRR2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5). This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells. This leads to CD226 dimerization and CD226-mediated signaling and activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family (IgSF) and an immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A1217","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB A1217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-A1217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGBA1217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCIPERLIMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ociperlimab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ociperlimab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383052"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2342597-93-5"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"7JNY4KV3NK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800838"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800838"}]}}{"C174037":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody COM902","code":"C174037","definitions":[{"description":"A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody COM902 targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PRR2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5). This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells. This leads to CD226 dimerization and CD226-mediated signaling and activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family (IgSF) and an immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody COM902","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody COM902","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COM 902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COM-902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COM902","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802457"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802457"}]}}{"C173630":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody SGN-TGT","code":"C173630","definitions":[{"description":"A nonfucosylated human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody SGN-TGT targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs). This prevents the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PRR2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5), and enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells. This enhances depletion of TIGIT-positive regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family (IgSF) and an immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody SGN-TGT","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody SGN-TGT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEA TGT","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEA-TGT","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEATGT","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN TGT","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGN-TGT","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SGNTGT","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802244"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802244"}]}}{"C172108":{"preferredName":"Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1702","code":"C172108","definitions":[{"description":"A monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TIM3 monoclonal antibody SHR-1702 targets and binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which results in a reduction in tumor growth. TIM-3, a transmembrane protein and immune checkpoint receptor, is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1702","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 1702","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-1702","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR1702","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406215"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801357"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801357"}]}}{"C173541":{"preferredName":"Anti-TRAILR2/CDH17 Tetravalent Bispecific Antibody BI 905711","code":"C173541","definitions":[{"description":"A tetravalent bispecific antibody targeting both the pro-apoptotic death receptor tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor 2 (TRAILR2; death receptor 5; DR5) and cadherin-17 (CDH17), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-TRAILR2/CDH17 tetravalent bispecific antibody BI 905711, the antibody targets and binds to both TRAILR2 and CDH17, expressed on tumor cells. Receptor clustering and activation of TRAILR2 induces apoptosis in CDH17-positive cancer cells. Activation of TRAILR2 plays a key role in the induction of apoptosis. CDH17-dependent clustering of TRAILR2 allows BI 905711 to selectively induce apoptosis in CDH17-expressing tumor cells thereby increasing efficacy and decreasing liver toxicity. CDH17 is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types while its expression is restricted in normal liver tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TRAILR2/CDH17 Tetravalent Bispecific Antibody BI 905711","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TRAILR2/CDH17 Tetravalent Bispecific Antibody BI 905711","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI 905711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-905711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI905711","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bi-specific Agent BI 905711","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CDH17-targeting TRAILR2 Agonist BI 905711","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801873"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801873"}]}}{"C172060":{"preferredName":"Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8003","code":"C172060","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) conjugated via an uncleavable linker to an as of yet undisclosed maytansine derivative toxin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-TROP2 ADC BAT8003, the anti-TROP2 antibody targets and binds to TROP2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake, the cytotoxic maytansine derivative binds to tubulin, thereby affecting microtubule assembly and disassembly dynamics. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation of TROP2-expressing tumor cells. TROP2 is a transmembrane protein overexpressed in various tumors. Its expression is associated with enhanced tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, drug resistance and increased tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC BAT8003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TROP2 ADC BAT8003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Trop-2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT 8003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT-8003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAT8003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406188"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801492"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801492"}]}}{"C166409":{"preferredName":"Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate SKB264","code":"C166409","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed toxin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-TROP2 ADC SKB264, the anti-TROP2 antibody targets and binds to TROP2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake, the undisclosed toxin exerts, through an as of yet not disclosed mechanism of action, its cytotoxic effect. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation of TROP2-expressing tumor cells. TROP2 is a transmembrane protein overexpressed in various tumors while its expression is low and/or restricted in normal, healthy tissues; its expression is associated with enhanced tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, drug resistance and increased tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC SKB264","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate SKB264","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate SKB264","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKB 264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKB-264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKB264","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971661"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800236"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800236"}]}}{"C174422":{"preferredName":"Anti-VEGFR2 Monoclonal Antibody MSB0254","code":"C174422","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2; VEGFR2) with potential anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-VEGFR2 monoclonal antibody MSB0254 specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFR2, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. VEGFR2, a tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in angiogenesis and the proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells, is overexpressed in certain tumor types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-VEGFR-2 Monoclonal Antibody MSB0254","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-VEGFR2 Monoclonal Antibody MSB0254","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB 0254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB-0254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSB0254","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802274"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802274"}]}}{"C162452":{"preferredName":"Antisense Oligonucleotide QR-313","code":"C162452","definitions":[{"description":"A twenty-one nucleotide-containing antisense oligonucleotide (AON) with potential use in the treatment of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) due to mutations in exon 73 of the COL7A1 gene. Upon topical administration, QR-313 hybridizes to a specific sequence in COL7A1 pre-mRNA, resulting in exclusion of exon 73 from mRNA and translation of a functional type VII collagen protein. This may restore functionality of integument anchoring fibrils, prevent blistering, and improve wound healing in patients with DEB. Type VII collagen is a major component of anchoring fibrils, attachment structures that mediate dermal-epidermal adherence in human skin. DEB is an inherited mechano-bullous disorder caused by mutations in the COL7A1 gene, which lead to perturbations in anchoring fibrils.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antisense Oligonucleotide QR-313","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Antisense Oligonucleotide QR-313","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QR 313","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QR-313","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"QR313","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971000"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798741"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"798741"}]}}{"C171151":{"preferredName":"Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibitor IK-175","code":"C171151","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR; class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 76; bHLHe76), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, AhR inhibitor IK-175 specifically targets and binds to AhR, inhibits AhR activation, prevents AhR-mediated signaling, and AhR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. Abrogation of AhR activation prevents the activation of immune-tolerant dendritic cells (DCs), regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and decreases suppressive cytokines in the tumor microenvironment (TME). It stimulates cytotoxic T-cell activation and expansion. This may restore the immune response against tumor cells. AhR, a member of the basic helix-loop-helix/Per-Arnt-Sim (bHLH/PAS) family of transcription factors, plays key roles in regulating immunity and cellular differentiation. It mediates the expression of multiple immune related and tumor cell signal transduction and proliferation genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AhR Antagonist IK-175","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AhR Inhibitor IK-175","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AhRi IK-175","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AhRi KYN-175","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Antagonist IK-175","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Antagonist KYN-175","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibitor IK-175","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibitor IK-175","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IK 175","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IK-175","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IK175","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KYN 175","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KYN-175","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KYN175","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405381"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801964"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801964"}]}}{"C174206":{"preferredName":"ATR Inhibitor RP-3500","code":"C174206","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ATR inhibitor RP-3500 selectively targets and inhibits ATR activity and blocks the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1). This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, which results in the inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, the disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in DNA repair, cell cycle progression and survival. It is activated by DNA damage caused during DNA replication-associated stress.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATR Inhibitor RP-3500","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ATR Inhibitor RP-3500","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP 3500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP-3500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RP3500","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803074"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803074"}]}}{"C171067":{"preferredName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor M1774","code":"C171067","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ATR kinase inhibitor M1774 selectively inhibits ATR activity and blocks the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1). This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, which results in the inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, the disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in DNA repair, cell cycle progression and survival. It is activated by DNA damage caused during DNA replication-associated stress.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor M1774","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ATR Kinase Inhibitor M1774","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 1774","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M-1774","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1774","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405453"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801231"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801231"}]}}{"C175440":{"preferredName":"Attenuated Measles Virus Encoding SCD Transgene TMV-018","code":"C175440","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, attenuated oncolytic measles virus (MV) encoding the prodrug converting enzyme super cytosine deaminase (SCD), that can potentially be used as an antineoplastic adjuvant and with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intra-tumoral injection, TMV-018 preferentially enters and transfects tumor cells, and expresses SCD, an enzyme that catalyzes the intracellular conversion of the prodrug flucytosine (5-fluorocytosine; 5-FC) into the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). After administration of 5-FC, the tumor can be eradicated upon activation of 5-FU by SCD. In addition, the oncolytic MV may infect and lyse tumor cells. In turn, the lysed tumor cells release various tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), which induce an immune response against the tumor cells. This may further eradicate tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Attenuated Measles Virus Encoding SCD Transgene TMV-018","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMV 018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMV-018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMV018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802771"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802771"}]}}{"C173429":{"preferredName":"Autologous AFP Specific T Cell Receptor Transduced T Cells C-TCR055","code":"C173429","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of human autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding for a T-cell receptor (TCR) recognizing the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01 restricted human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) 158-166 peptide (FMNKFIYEI), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the AFP specific TCR transduced T cells recognize and bind to AFP antigen-positive cells, which results in lysis and killing of AFP-positive cancer cells. AFP is overexpressed in a variety of cancers while its expression is restricted in normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous AFP Specific T Cell Receptor Transduced T Cells C-TCR055","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous AFP-specific TCR-transduced T-cells C-TCR055","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-TCR 055","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-TCR-055","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-TCR055","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801757"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801757"}]}}{"C174124":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR T-cells PHE885","code":"C174124","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the autologous anti-BCMA CAR T-cells PHE885 recognize and induce selective toxicity against BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR T-cells PHE885","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR T-cells PHE885","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous BCMA-specific CAR T-cells PHE885","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA-directed Autologous CAR-T Cells PHE885","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHE 885","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHE-885","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHE885","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802475"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802475"}]}}{"C173434":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CD8+ CAR T-cells Descartes-11","code":"C173434","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-BCMA CD8+ CAR T-cells Descartes-11 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CD8+ CAR T-cells Descartes-11","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA CD8+ CAR T-cells Descartes-11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD8+ T-cells Expressing Anti-BCMA CAR Descartes-11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Descartes 11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Descartes-011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Descartes-11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Descartes11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801760"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801760"}]}}{"C170747":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells C-CAR088","code":"C170747","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the epitome cluster E3 in the extracellular domain (ECD) of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) that is fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the T-cell receptor signaling domain of CD3zeta (CD3z), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells C-CAR088 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in the survival of B-lymphocytes and plasma cells. BCMA is found on the surfaces of B-cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells C-CAR088","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous BCMA-directed CAR-T Cells C-CAR088","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-CAR 088","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-CAR-088","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-CAR088","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383157"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800733"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800733"}]}}{"C171167":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD123 CAR-T Cells","code":"C171167","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD123 CAR-T cells target and bind to CD123 expressed on the surface of tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123, the alpha subunit of the IL-3 receptor, regulates the proliferation, survival and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. It is overexpressed on a variety of cancers, including myeloid leukemia, and the increased expression of CD123 on leukemic stem cells (LSCs) is associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD123 CAR T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD123 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD123 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD123 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405393"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801968"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801968"}]}}{"C173622":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells 19(T2)28z1xx","code":"C173622","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, and linked to the co-stimulatory intracellular signaling domains of CD28 and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (CD28zeta; CD28z), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR T-cells 19(T2)28z1xx specifically recognize and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, resulting in specific T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen, which is expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies and normal B-cells. CD28 and CD3zeta provide co-stimulatory activity and may enhance the cytotoxic effect and anti-tumor activity of the CAR T-cells. The 19(T2)28z1xx CAR T-cells include a 1928zeta mutant, 1xx, which contains one instead of all three immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (iTAMs). This may help prevent counterproductive T-cell differentiation and exhaustion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"19(T2)28z1xx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous 19(T2)28z1xx CAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells 19(T2)28z1xx","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells 19(T2)28z1xx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cells 19(T2)28z1xx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19-Targeted CAR T-cells 19(T2)28z1xx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802242"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802242"}]}}{"C175465":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CNCT19","code":"C175465","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) composed of an anti-cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) single chain variable fragment (scFv) linked to the intracellular signaling domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (TCRzeta; CD247; CD3zeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CNCT19 target, bind to and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CNCT19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cells CNCT19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNCT 19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNCT-19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNCT19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802902"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802902"}]}}{"C172746":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells AUTO1","code":"C172746","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), CAT-41BBz CAR, targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR T-cells AUTO1 target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor cells and tumor cell lysis. CD19, cluster of differentiation 19, is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage tumors. The CAT-41BBz CAR has a faster off-rate compared with FMC63-41BBz CAR. This may minimize cytokine release and reduce toxicities, and enhance persistence of the CAR T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AUTO 1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AUTO-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AUTO1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AUTO1 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells AUTO1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells AUTO1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells AUTO1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-lymphocytes AUTO1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19-targeted CAR T-cells AUTO1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD19CAR T-cells AUTO1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD19CAT-41BBZ CAR T-cells AUTO1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406598"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801949"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801949"}]}}{"C172055":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 TAC-T cells TAC01-CD19","code":"C172055","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes genetically engineered with a T cell Antigen Coupler (TAC), comprising of a domain that targets the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD 19) and another domain that binds to the endogenous T cell receptor (TCR), anchored in the membrane via the CD4 co-receptor domain, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 TAC-T cells TAC01-CD19 targets and binds to CD19-expressing tumor cells and activates TCR-mediated signaling pathways, leading to T cell-mediated killing of CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19 TAC-T cells TAC01-CD19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD19-targeted T Cell Antigen Coupler TAC01-CD19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAC01 CD19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAC01-CD19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAC01CD19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406193"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801474"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801474"}]}}{"C172057":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19/CD20 Bispecific Nanobody-based CAR-T cells","code":"C172057","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that is nanobody-based and specific for the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) and CD20, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19/CD20 bispecific nanobody-based CAR-T cells target and bind to CD19- and CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor B-cells expressing these TAAs. Both CD19 and CD20 are B-cell-specific cell surface antigens overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. Targeting both CD19 and CD20 may prevent tumor cell antigen escape and relapse.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19/20 Bispecific CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19/CD20 Bispecific Nanobody-based CAR-T cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19/CD20 Bispecific Nanobody-derived CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19/CD20 Bispecific CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406191"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801489"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801489"}]}}{"C155897":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-HER2t/CD22CAR-EGFRt-expressing T-cells","code":"C155897","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes engineered to express dual chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) consisting of both anti-CD19 and anti-CD22 binding domains, fused to an as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory domain, and linked to truncated forms of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2t) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), respectively with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19CAR-HER2t/CD22CAR-EGFRt-expressing T-cells bind to CD19 and CD22 on the surface of, and induce selective toxicity against tumor cells expressing CD19 and CD22. Devoid of both ligand binding domains and tyrosine kinase activity, the expressed EGFRt and HER2t facilitate both in vivo detection of the administered, transduced T-cells and can promote elimination of those cells through an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response. CD19 and CD22, both transmembrane phosphoglycoproteins expressed on the surface of cells in the B lineage, are often overexpressed on malignant B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-HER2t/CD22CAR-EGFRt-expressing T-cells","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-HER2t/CD22CAR-EGFRt-expressing T-cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562780"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794873"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"794873"}]}}{"C172063":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-CD20 CAR Transduced CD4/CD8 Enriched T-cells MB-CART20.1","code":"C172063","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20 (cluster of differentiation 20), and CD4/CD8 enriched, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MB-CART20.1 specifically recognize and kill CD20-expressing tumor cells. The CD20 antigen, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein, is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in B-cell lineage malignancies and certain melanoma cell subpopulations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 CAR T Cells MB-CART20.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD20 CAR Transduced CD4/CD8 Enriched T-cells MB-CART20.1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD20-targeted CAR-transduced CD4/CD8 Enriched T Cells MB-CART20.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20-targeting CAR T Cells MB-CART20.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MB-CART20.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406185"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801497"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801497"}]}}{"C173958":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-EGFR CAR-transduced CXCR 5-modified T-lymphocytes","code":"C173958","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR 5)-modified T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-EGFR CAR-transduced CXCR 5-modified T-lymphocytes target and bind to EGFR-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in EGFR-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis and radio- and chemoresistance. CXCR5, and its ligand C-X-C motif chemokine 13 (CXCL13), are associated with a variety of tumors. CXCR5-CXCL13 interactions may be involved in the regulation of lymphocyte infiltration within the tumor microenvironment (TME).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-EGFR CAR-transduced CXCR 5-modified T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-EGFR CAR-transduced CXCR 5-modified T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CXCR5-modified Anti-EGFR CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802166"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802166"}]}}{"C172197":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-FLT3 CAR T Cells AMG 553","code":"C172197","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes genetically engineered with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-FLT3 CAR T cells AMG 553 target and bind to tumor cells expressing FLT3, which results in the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated cell killing of FLT3-expressing tumor cells. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG553","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-FLT3 CAR T Cells AMG 553","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-FLT3 CAR T-lymphocytes AMG 553","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous FLT3 CAR-T Cells AMG 553","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406093"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801528"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801528"}]}}{"C173378":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-ICAM-1-CAR-CD28-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells AIC100","code":"C173378","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing the Inserted (I) domain variant of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) which targets intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 or CD54), and the co-stimulatory signaling domains of CD28, 4-1BB (CD137) and CD3zeta, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-ICAM-1-CAR-CD28-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells AIC100 recognize and kill ICAM-1-expressing tumor cells. ICAM-1, normally expressed on leukocytes and endothelial cells, may be overexpressed in a variety of cancers. CAR T-cells AIC100 are also engineered to express somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2), allowing the imaging of the CAR T-cells in patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AIC 100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AIC-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AIC100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-ICAM-1-CAR-CD28-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells AIC100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous ICAM-1-targeted CAR T Cells AIC100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous ICAM-1-targeted CAR T-cells AIC100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous ICAM-1-targeted CAR T-lymphocytes AIC100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAR T-cells AIC100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801844"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801844"}]}}{"C175446":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-kappa Light Chain CAR-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes","code":"C175446","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes (ATL) that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the kappa light chain of immunoglobulin (Ig) and linked to the costimulatory domain of CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-kappa light chain CAR-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes target and bind to the kappa light chain of Ig expressed on tumor cells, resulting in T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis. In some B-cell malignancies, the expression of the Ig light chain kappa may be increased compared to the expression of Ig light chain lambda.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATLCAR.κ.28 Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-kappa Light Chain CAR-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAR.k.28 Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802840"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802840"}]}}{"C172191":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-PD-1 Antibody-activated Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes","code":"C172191","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) activated by an anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) antibody, with potential immunomodulating activity. The autologous TILs are isolated from an autologous tumor sample and ex-vivo activated in the presence of anti-PD-1 antibody. Upon infusion of the autologous anti-PD1 antibody-activated TILs back into the patient, the cells specifically target and kill the patient's tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-PD1 Antibody-activated Autologous TILs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-PD-1 Antibody-activated TILs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-PD-1 Antibody-activated Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406286"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801527"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801527"}]}}{"C175511":{"preferredName":"Autologous Anti-PSMA CAR-T Cells P-PSMA-101","code":"C175511","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-cells that are enriched to be primarily stem memory T-cells (Tscm) and are transfected by electroporation with a proprietary transposon-based DNA plasmid vector (PiggyBac), encoding both a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) based on a proprietary non-immunoglobulin scaffold molecule Centyrin (CARTyrin), which specifically recognizes the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and a human-derived safety switch that can be activated by rimiducid, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-PSMA CAR-T cells P-PSMA-101 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Use of CARTyrin may elicit less immunotoxicity than CAR T-cells based on antibody-derived single chain variable fragments (scFv), and may allow for increased persistence and decreased exhaustion for the administered T-cells. If significant side effects occur, the safety switch mechanism can be activated by the administration of rimiducid, which results in the rapid attenuation or elimination of P-PSMA-101. PSMA is overexpressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-PSMA CAR T Cells P-PSMA-101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-PSMA CAR T-cells P-PSMA-101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-PSMA CAR-T Cells P-PSMA-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-PSMA CAR-T Cells P-PSMA-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-PSMA 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-PSMA-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-PSMA101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803027"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803027"}]}}{"C173699":{"preferredName":"Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells CC-98633","code":"C173699","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T cells CC-98633 specifically recognize and kill BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily and plays a key role in plasma cell survival; it is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells CC-98633","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells CC-98633","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T-cells CC-98633","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous BCMA-targeted NEX-T CAR T Cells CC-98633","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 98633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-98633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC98633","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802040"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802040"}]}}{"C175471":{"preferredName":"Autologous Bispecific BCMA/CD19-targeted CAR-T Cells GC012F","code":"C175471","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express two separate chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) BCMA and CD19 and fused to as of yet not fully elucidated co-stimulatory domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous bispecific BCMA/CD19-targeted CAR-T cells GC012F specifically and simultaneously target and bind to tumor cells expressing BCMA and/or CD19. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells that express BCMA and/or CD19. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in the survival of B-lymphocytes and plasma cells. BCMA is found on the surfaces of B-cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. CD19 is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. The processing platform used, FasT CAR-T, shortens the manufacturing time to produce the CAR-T cells within 24 hours.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-BCMA/CD19 Dual CAR T Cells GC012F","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Bispecific BCMA/CD19-targeted CAR-T Cells GC012F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous GC012F CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC 012F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC-012F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC012F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802916"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802916"}]}}{"C171093":{"preferredName":"Autologous Bispecific CD19/CD22-targeted CAR-T Cells GC022","code":"C171093","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes engineered to express chimeric T-cell receptors (chimeric antigen receptors or CARs) targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) CD19 and CD22 and fused to as of yet not fully elucidated co-stimulatory domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous bispecific CD19/CD22-targeted CAR-T cells GC022 bind to CD19 and CD22 on the surface of, and induce selective toxicity against, tumor cells expressing CD19 and CD22. CD19 and CD22, both transmembrane phosphoglycoproteins expressed on the surface of cells in the B lineage, are overexpressed on malignant B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Bispecific CD19/CD22-targeted CAR-T Cells GC022","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific CAR T Cells GC022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dual CAR-T Cells GC022","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC 022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC-022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC022","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC022F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405322"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800937"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800937"}]}}{"C172103":{"preferredName":"Autologous CD19 CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-cells MB-CART19.1","code":"C172103","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of CD4+ and CD8+ autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with the lentiviral vector pLTG1563 expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the autologous CD19 CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-cells MB-CART19.1 are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous CD19 CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-cells MB-CART19.1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19 CAR-transduced CD4/CD8 Enriched T-cells MB-CART19.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MB CART19.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MB-CART19.1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBCART19.1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406220"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801342"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801342"}]}}{"C175049":{"preferredName":"Autologous CD19-targeted CAR T Cells CC-97540","code":"C175049","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous CD19-targeted CAR T cells CC-97540 specifically target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor cells and tumor cell lysis. CD19, cluster of differentiation 19, is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous CD19-targeted CAR T Cells CC-97540","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19-targeted CAR T Cells CC-97540","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19-targeted CAR T-cells CC-97540","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19-targeted NEX-T CAR T Cells CC-97540","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 97540","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC-97540","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC97540","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803124"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803124"}]}}{"C171092":{"preferredName":"Autologous CD19-targeted CAR-T Cells GC007F","code":"C171092","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19 coupled to as of yet not fully elucidated co-stimulatory molecules, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, autologous CD19-targeted CAR-T cells GC007F target and bind to CD19-expressing neoplastic B-cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor cells, the release of cytotoxic molecules and the induction of tumor cell lysis. CD19, cluster of differentiation 19, is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage tumors. The processing platform used, FasT (F) CAR-T, shortens the manufacturing time to produce the CAR-T cells within 24 hours.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19-CAR-T Cells GC007F","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CAR-T Cells GC007F","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19-targeted CAR-T Cells GC007F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD19 FasT CAR-T Cells GC007F","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FasT CAR-19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FasTCAR-19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC 007F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC-007F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC007F","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC007F CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405323"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800931"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800931"}]}}{"C172387":{"preferredName":"Autologous CD19/PD-1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells","code":"C172387","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) and a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1)/CD28 chimera, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous CD19/PD-1 bispecific CAR-T cells target and bind to CD19 and the PD-1 ligands, programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 2 (PD-L2), expressed on tumor cells. The binding to CD19 leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor cells and cell lysis of these cells. The binding of the PD1/CD28 chimera to PD-L1 prevents the normal PD1/PD-L1-mediated T-cell suppression and, instead, promotes signaling through the CD28 domain, which results in the stimulation of T-lymphocytes. This enhances T-lymphocyte proliferation and anti-tumor activity. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. PD-1 protein, found on activated T-cells, negatively regulates T-cell activity. It plays a key role in immune evasion and prevents tumor cell lysis. The construct of the PD1/CD28 chimera converts PD-L1 into a co-stimulation ligand of primary human CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). CD28 is a costimulatory molecule expressed by T-cells that enhances T-lymphocyte proliferation and activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-CD19/PD-1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CD19/PD-1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD19/PD-1 Bispecific CAR T-Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MC-19PD1 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406515"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801669"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801669"}]}}{"C171097":{"preferredName":"Autologous Clonal Neoantigen T Cells ATL001","code":"C171097","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of personalized tumor-derived T-lymphocytes composed of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) that are reactive to clonal cancer neoantigens, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The TILs are removed from the suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and re-activated. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the clonal neoantigen T (cNeT) cells recognize and bind to tumor cells expressing the targeted neoantigen, resulting in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the patient's tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATL 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATL-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATL001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Clonal Neoantigen T Cells ATL001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405344"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800942"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800942"}]}}{"C170914":{"preferredName":"Autologous CRISPR-edited Anti-CD19 CAR T Cells XYF19","code":"C170914","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, and electroporated with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) guide RNA to disrupt expression of endogenous hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction into the patient, the autologous CRISPR-edited anti-CD19 CAR T-cells XYF19 recognize and bind to CD19-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of CD19-positive tumor cells. Disrupting the expression of HPK1 may enhance immune response and autoimmunity. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. HPK1 is a Ste20-like serine/threonine kinase that suppresses immune responses and autoimmunity. ","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous CRISPR-edited Anti-CD19 CAR T Cells XYF19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous CRISPR-edited CD19-specific CAR-T Cells XYF19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAR-T Cells XYF19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRISPR (HPK1)-edited CD19-specific CAR-T Cells XYF19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XYF 19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XYF-19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XYF19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383074"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800868"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800868"}]}}{"C173442":{"preferredName":"Autologous Monocyte-derived Lysate-pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine PV-001-DC","code":"C173442","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (mDCs) pulsed with tumor cell lysate containing tumor associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration,the autologous tumor cell lysate-pulsed mDCs vaccine PV-001-DC may stimulate an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the patient's tumor cell-specific TAAs, which may result in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Monocyte-derived Lysate Pulsed DCs PV-001-DC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Monocyte-derived Lysate-pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine PV-001-DC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Monocyte-derived Lysate-pulsed Dendritic Cells PV-001-DC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV-001-DC","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV-001-Dendritic Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801794"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801794"}]}}{"C170908":{"preferredName":"Autologous Multi-lineage Potential Cells","code":"C170908","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous multi-lineage potential cells (AMPC) which were induced to de-differentiate from somatic leukocytes from peripheral blood, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction into the patient, the AMPC may help replace the abnormal cells in the body to create healthy bone marrow in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMPC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Multi-lineage Potential Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383050"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800860"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800860"}]}}{"C172386":{"preferredName":"Autologous Nectin-4/FAP-targeted CAR-T Cells","code":"C172386","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) nectin-4 and cell surface protein fibroblast activation protein (FAP), and additionally an inducible expression cassette encoding transgenic interleukin (IL) 7 (IL-7) or 12 (IL-12), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, the autologous nectin-4/FAP-targeted CAR-T cells target and bind to nectin-4-expressing tumor cells and FAP-expressing cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs). This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against nectin-4-expressing tumor cells and FAP-expressing CAFs, leading to cell lysis of these cells. Upon the binding to nectin-4 and FAP and the activation of the CAR-T cells, cytokine IL-7 or IL-12 is also released. This further augments the immune responses against the tumor cells, which may include the attack of nectin-4-negative tumor cells by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa). Nectin-4, a TAA belonging to the nectin family, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including breast, bladder, lung and pancreatic cancer. FAP, a cell surface glycoprotein, is overexpressed on CAFs but minimally expressed on normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Anti-nectin-4/Anti-FAP CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Anti-nectin-4/FAP CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Nectin-4/FAP-targeted CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Nectin4/FAP-targeted CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406512"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801659"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801659"}]}}{"C173710":{"preferredName":"Autologous NKG2D CAR T-cells CYAD-02","code":"C173710","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a retroviral vector to co-express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) encoding human natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D or KLRK1) with a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA) and MICB, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion back into the patient, autologous NKG2D CAR T-cells CYAD-02 specifically recognize and bind to tumor cells expressing NKG2D ligands, resulting in the lysis of NKG2D ligand-expressing tumor cells. In addition, CYAD-02 targets, binds to and kills NKG2D ligand expressing tumor-associated endothelial cells in the neovasculature and immunosuppressive cells, such as regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that express NKG2D ligands. It also activates macrophages within the TME. Ligands for NKG2D, such as MICA, MICB, and members of the UL16-binding proteins (ULBP)/retinoic acid early transcript 1 (RAET1) family, are overexpressed on infected cells and most cancer cell types, but are not expressed on most normal, healthy cells. NKG2D, a dimeric, type II transmembrane protein expressed on human natural killer (NK) and certain T-cells, in association with the natural adaptive protein DAP10, promotes the elimination of NKG2D ligand-expressing cells. The shRNA downregulates the expression of MICA and MICB on the CAR-T cells, which increases in-vitro cell expansion. This may enhance their persistence and increase anti-tumor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous NKG2D CAR T-cells CYAD-02","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous NKG2D CAR T-cells CYAD-02","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous NKG2D CAR T-lymphocytes CYAD-02","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous NKG2D CAR-T Cells CYAD-02","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous NKG2D-based CAR T-cells CYAD-02","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYAD 02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYAD-02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CYAD02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802256"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802256"}]}}{"C173968":{"preferredName":"Autologous Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Lysate and mRNA-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine","code":"C173968","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with pancreatic adenocarcinoma lysate and mRNA containing and encoding tumor associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration by perinodal injection using ultrasound guidance, the autologous pancreatic adenocarcinoma lysate and mRNA-loaded DC vaccine may stimulate an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the patient's tumor cell-specific TAAs, which may result in tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Lysate and mRNA-loaded DC Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Lysate and mRNA-loaded DCs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Lysate and mRNA-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Lysate and mRNA-loaded Dendritic Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802181"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802181"}]}}{"C167208":{"preferredName":"Autologous Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Ibrutinib-treated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients IOV-2001","code":"C167208","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) harvested from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients previously treated with the Brutons' tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, IOV-2001 generates an enhanced cytotoxic T-cell response against autologous leukemic B-cells in patients who have relapsed during treatment with ibrutinib. IOV-2001 is mostly comprised of T-cells of which the majority are of the effector memory phenotype which augments the specificity of the immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous PBLs IOV-2001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous PBLs from Ibrutinib-treated CLL Patients","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Ibrutinib-treated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients IOV-2001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Ibrutinib-treated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients IOV-2001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IOV 2001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IOV-2001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IOV2001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972433"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800421"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800421"}]}}{"C174405":{"preferredName":"Autologous Rapamycin-resistant Th1/Tc1 Cells RAPA-201","code":"C174405","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous rapamycin-resistant Th1/Tc1 cells, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, autologous rapamycin-resistant Th1/Tc1 cells RAPA-201 may recognize and kill tumor cells. Ex-vivo induction of rapamycin-resistance may increase the persistence of T-cells after adoptive transfer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Rapamycin-resistant Th1/Tc1 Cells RAPA-201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAPA 201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAPA-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAPA201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802318"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802318"}]}}{"C175306":{"preferredName":"Autologous TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140203","code":"C175306","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a T-cell receptor mimetic (TCRm) construct targeting as of yet undisclosed tumor associated antigen(s) (TAA), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140203 specifically recognize and selectively bind to the as of yet undisclosed TAA(s). This results in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of tumor cells expressing the TAA(s).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140203","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140203","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET 140203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET-140203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ET140203","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803275"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803275"}]}}{"C168775":{"preferredName":"Autologous Tetravalent Dendritic Cell Vaccine MIDRIX4-LUNG","code":"C168775","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of autologous, dendritic cells (DCs) that have been loaded with a proprietary selection of four antigens that covers more than ninety percent of all non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous tetravalent dendritic cell vaccine MIDRIX4-LUNG may induce and stimulate both T-helper and antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses, leading to tumor cell lysis in patients with NSCLC.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous DC Vaccine MIDRIX4-LUNG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Tetravalent DC Vaccine MIDRIX4-LUNG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Tetravalent Dendritic Cell Vaccine MIDRIX4-LUNG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIDRIX4-LUNG","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetravalent Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine MIDRIX4-LUNG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1378684"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800431"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800431"}]}}{"C173508":{"preferredName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145-S1","code":"C173508","definitions":[{"description":"A proprietary preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The autologous TILs are isolated from an autologous tumor sample and expanded ex vivo in the presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2). Upon infusion of the autologous TILs LN-145-S1 back into the patient, the cells specifically recognize, target and kill the patient's tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous TILs LN-145-S1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145-S1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145-S1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145-S1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LN 145-S1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LN-145-S1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LN145-S1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802231"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802231"}]}}{"C175463":{"preferredName":"Autologous Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UniCAR02-T","code":"C175463","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that has been genetically engineered to express a fully humanized, universal, second generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) with a CD28/CD3zeta co-stimulatory domain, and a binding domain that can recognize a peptide motive of an antigen-specific targeting module (TM), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UniCAR02-T remain inactivated. Upon administration of an antigen-specific TM, the binding domain of UniCAR02-T binds to the nuclear antigen motif of the TM, and UniCAR02-T is activated when the antigen-binding moiety of the TM binds to the specific antigen expressed on tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in and causes lysis of tumor cells expressing the specific antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous Universal CAR-T Cells UniCAR02-T","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UniCAR02-T","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UniCAR-T","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UniCAR02 T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UniCAR02-T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UniCAR02-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UniCAR02T","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802895"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802895"}]}}{"C173362":{"preferredName":"AXL Inhibitor SLC-391","code":"C173362","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL (UFO), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, SLC-391 targets, binds to and prevents the activation of AXL. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits both AXL-mediated tumor cell growth, proliferation and migration and AXL-mediated immunosuppression. AXL, a member of the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed by many tumor cell types and also expressed in a variety of immune cells including macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and regulatory T-cells (Tregs). It plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis, and is a mediator of immunosuppression. Its expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXL Inhibitor SLC-391","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLC 391","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLC-391","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLC391","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801796"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801796"}]}}{"C173961":{"preferredName":"AXL/ FLT3/VEGFR2 Inhibitor KC1036","code":"C173961","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of three receptor tyrosine kinases: AXL (UFO), FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (Flt3; CD135; fetal liver kinase-2; Flk2), and the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), with potential anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, KC1036 targets, binds to and prevents the activation of AXL, FLT3 and VEGFR2. This blocks AXL, FLT3 and VEGFR2-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits both AXL-, FLT3- and VEGFR2-mediated proliferation of tumor cells and the VEGFR2-mediated proliferation, survival and migration of endothelial cells. AXL, a member of the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed by many tumor cell types and also expressed in a variety of immune cells including macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and regulatory T-cells (Tregs). It plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis, and is a mediator of immunosuppression. Its expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis. FLT3, a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage and acute myeloid leukemias. VEGFR2 is frequently overexpressed by a variety of tumor types and tumor-associated endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXL/ FLT3/VEGFR2 Inhibitor KC1036","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KC 1036","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KC-1036","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KC1036","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802085"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802085"}]}}{"C175543":{"preferredName":"Axl/Mer Inhibitor PF-07265807","code":"C175543","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) Axl (UFO) and Mer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Axl/Mer inhibitor PF-07265807 specifically targets and binds to both Axl and Mer, and prevents their activity. This blocks Axl- and Mer-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits proliferation and migration of Axl- and Mer-overexpressing tumor cells. Axl and Mer, both members of the TAM (Tyro3, Axl and Mer) family of RTKs, are overexpressed by many tumor cell types. They play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis, and their expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Axl/Mer Inhibitor PF-07265807","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Axl/Mer Inhibitor PF-07265807","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 07265807","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-07265807","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF07265807","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803296"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803296"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Axl/Mer Inhibitor INCB081776"}]}}{"C175489":{"preferredName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor BGB-11417","code":"C175489","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor BGB-11417 specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of the pro-survival protein Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes and inhibits cell proliferation in Bcl-2-overexpressing tumor cells. Bcl-2, a protein that belongs to the Bcl-2 family, is overexpressed in various tumor cell types and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis. Its tumor expression is associated with increased drug resistance and cancer cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-cell Lymphoma-2 Inhibitor BGB-11417","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB 11417","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-11417","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB11417","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor BGB-11417","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor BGB-11417","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803186"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803186"}]}}{"C173536":{"preferredName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor LP-108","code":"C173536","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor LP-108 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bcl-2 Inhibitor LP-108","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LP 108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LP-108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LP108","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801885"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801885"}]}}{"C171631":{"preferredName":"BCMA/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN217","code":"C171631","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant antibody derivative composed of tri-specific T-cell activating construct (TriTAC) directed against the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), the epsilon domain of CD3 antigen (CD3e) found on T-lymphocytes, and albumin, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, BCMA/CD3e TriTAC HPN217 targets and binds to BCMA on tumor cells and CD3e on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), thereby bringing BCMA-expressing tumor cells and CTLs together, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. The albumin-binding domain targets and binds to serum albumin, thereby extending the serum half-life of HPN217. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells and plays a key role in plasma cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-BCMA/CD3e TriTAC HPN217","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA/CD3 Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN217","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN217","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BCMA/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN217","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA/CD3e TriTAC HPN217","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA/CD3e-specific TriTAC HPN217","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPN 217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPN-217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPN217","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TriTAC HPN217","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405854"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802002"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802002"}]}}{"C174412":{"preferredName":"BCMA-CD19 Compound CAR T Cells","code":"C174412","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a compound chimeric antigen receptor (cCAR) containing two distinct units of CARs, one specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and one specific for the TAA CD19, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the BCMA-CD19 cCAR T cells specifically and simultaneously target and bind to tumor cells expressing BCMA and/or CD19. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells that express BCMA and/or CD19. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in the survival of B-lymphocytes and plasma cells. BCMA is found on the surfaces of B-cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. CD19 is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. Targeting two different antigens may improve coverage and protect against antigen escape and relapse as it is less likely for tumor cells to lose both antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCMA-CD19 Compound CAR T Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA-CD19 cCAR T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCMA-CD19 cCAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[]}}{"C172188":{"preferredName":"Betaglucin Gel","code":"C172188","definitions":[{"description":"A soluble gel containing the beta-glucan betaglucin, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon topical administration of the betaglucin gel, betaglucin is able to increase the number of macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells. NK cells and macrophages may kill a variety of tumor cells, and virally infected cells. This may treat human papillomavirus (HPV)-related anogenital warts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Betaglucin Gel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Betaglucin Soluble Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epiglucan Gel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406289"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801525"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801525"},{"name":"Essential_Amino_Acid","value":"NCT03901690"}]}}{"C171161":{"preferredName":"Bispecific Antibody AGEN1223","code":"C171161","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody that simultaneously binds to two different and as of yet undisclosed antigens co-expressed specifically on tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cells (Tregs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AGEN1223 targets and binds to the two antigens co-expressed specifically on tumor-infiltrating Tregs. This leads to the selective depletion of immunosuppressive Tregs in the tumor microenvironment (TME), while sparing peripheral Tregs and effector T-cells, enhancing the overall antitumor response. AGEN1223 may also co-stimulate antigen-specific effector T-cells, resulting in tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGEN 1223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN-1223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN1223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody AGEN1223","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody AGEN1223","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405398"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801965"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801965"}]}}{"C168580":{"preferredName":"Bispecific Antibody AMG 509","code":"C168580","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody that simultaneously binds to two different and as of yet undisclosed antigens, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AMG 509 targets and binds to the two antigens. This may modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and may enhance an immune-mediated antitumor response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG509","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody AMG 509","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody AMG 509","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972905"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800690"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800690"}]}}{"C167206":{"preferredName":"Bispecific Antibody GS-1423","code":"C167206","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody that simultaneously binds two different as of yet undisclosed antigens, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, GS-1423 targets and binds the two antigens. This may modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and may enhance an immune-mediated antitumor response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AGEN 1423","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN-1423","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AGEN1423","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody GS-1423","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody GS-1423","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS 1423","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-1423","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS1423","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972431"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800422"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800422"}]}}{"C170815":{"preferredName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 910","code":"C170815","definitions":[{"description":"A half-life extended (HLE), bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody that simultaneously binds to two different and as of yet undisclosed antigens, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AMG 910 targets and binds to the two antigens. This may modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and may enhance an immune-mediated antitumor response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 910","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG-910","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMG910","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 910","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BiTE Antibody AMG 910","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific Antibody AMG 910","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager AMG 910","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bispecific T-cell Engager Antibody AMG 910","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1382994"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801178"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801178"}]}}{"C173633":{"preferredName":"BRAF Inhibitor BGB-3245","code":"C173633","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of both monomer and dimer forms of activating mutations of the serine/threonine-protein kinase BRAF (B-raf) protein, including V600 BRAF mutations, non-V600 BRAF mutations, and RAF fusions, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BRAF inhibitor BGB-3245 targets and binds to both monomeric and dimeric forms of activating BRAF mutations and fusions. This may result in the inhibition of BRAF-mediated signaling and inhibit proliferation in tumor cells expressing BRAF mutations and fusions. BRAF belongs to the RAF family of serine/threonine protein kinases and plays a role in regulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, which is often dysregulated in human cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. BRAF mutations and fusions have been identified in a number of solid tumors and are drivers of cancer growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BGB 3245","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB-3245","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BGB3245","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRAF Inhibitor BGB-3245","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BRAF Inhibitor BGB-3245","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRAF Monomer/Dimer Inhibitor BGB-3245","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802245"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802245"}]}}{"C170951":{"preferredName":"BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor ABM-1310","code":"C170951","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of mutant (V600E) v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BRAF(V600E) kinase inhibitor ABM-1310 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of BRAF(V600E) kinase, which may result in the inhibition of an over-activated MAPK signaling pathway downstream in BRAF(V600E) kinase-expressing tumor cells and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. BRAF belongs to the raf/mil family of serine/threonine protein kinases and plays a role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERKs signaling pathway. The valine to glutamic acid substitution at residue 600 accounts for about 90% of BRAF gene mutations. The oncogenic product, BRAF(V600E) kinase, exhibits a markedly elevated activity that over-activates the MAPK signaling pathway. The BRAF(V600E) mutation has been found to occur in about 8% of all tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABM 1310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABM-1310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABM1310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor ABM-1310","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor ABM-1310","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383226"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801208"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801208"}]}}{"C174394":{"preferredName":"BTK Inhibitor HZ-A-018","code":"C174394","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BTK inhibitor HZ-A-018 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in B-cell malignancies; it plays an important role in B lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor HZ-A-018","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor HZ-A-018","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HZ-A 018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HZ-A-018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HZ-A018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802311"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802311"}]}}{"C170765":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor ABN401","code":"C170765","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, highly selective inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ABN401 targets and binds to the c-Met protein, prevents c-Met phosphorylation and disrupts c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABN 401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABN-401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABN401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor ABN401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383179"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800797"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800797"}]}}{"C175449":{"preferredName":"c-Met Inhibitor GST-HG161","code":"C175449","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, c-Met inhibitor GST-HG161 targets and binds to c-Met protein, thereby disrupting c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GST HG161","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GST-HG161","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSTHG161","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-Met Inhibitor GST-HG161","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802843"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802843"}]}}{"C174169":{"preferredName":"C/EBP Beta Antagonist ST101","code":"C174169","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide antagonist of the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBP beta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, C/EBP beta antagonist ST101 targets and inhibits the activity of C/EBP beta. This prevents the expression of C/EBP beta target genes and proteins, including the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), cyclins and inhibitor of differentiation (ID) family of proteins, which are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell cycle regulation. This may lead to apoptosis in tumor cells. C/EBP beta is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the regulation of cell differentiation; its expression is associated with tumor cell survival and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C/EBP Beta Antagonist ST101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"C/EBP Beta Antagonist ST101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein Beta Inhibitor ST101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ST 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ST-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ST101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802478"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802478"}]}}{"C166417":{"preferredName":"Calcium Release-activated Channel Inhibitor CM4620","code":"C166417","definitions":[{"description":"A calcium (Ca2+) release-activated channel (CRAC) inhibitor, with potential anti-inflammatory and protective activities. Upon administration, CM4620 targets, binds to and inhibits the calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 (Orai1), which forms the pore of CRAC, and is expressed on both parenchymal cells and immune cells. This prevents the transport of extracellular Ca2+ into the cell and inhibits the subsequent activation of Ca2+-mediated signaling and transcription of target genes. This may prevent Ca2+ entry-mediated cell death. It may also inhibit the proliferation of immune cells and prevents the release of various inflammatory cytokines in immune cells, such as interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a). This may lead to a reduction of inflammatory responses in inflammatory-mediated diseases. CRACs, specialized plasma membrane Ca2+ ion channels composed of the plasma membrane based Orai channels and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stromal interaction molecules (STIMs), mediate store operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) and play a key role in calcium homeostasis. CRACs are overactivated in a variety of cell types, especially certain immune cells during inflammation, including T-lymphocytes, neutrophils and macrophages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CM 4620","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM-4620","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CM4620","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CRAC Inhibitor CM4620","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium Release-activated Channel Inhibitor CM4620","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Calcium Release-activated Channel Inhibitor CM4620","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orai Ca2+ Channel Inhibitor CM4620","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orai1 Inhibitor CM4620","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971668"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800239"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800239"}]}}{"C173441":{"preferredName":"Carbon C 14-pamiparib","code":"C173441","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable radioconjugate composed of pamiparib, a nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, radiolabeled with the radioisotope carbon C 14, with potential use for evaluating the pharmacokinetic profile of pamiparib. Pamiparib targets, binds to and inhibits PARP, which results in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and survival. Labeling of pamiparib with the radioactive tracer carbon C 14 allows for the evaluation of pamiparib's pharmacokinetic profile, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"14C-pamiparib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbon C 14-pamiparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[14C]-pamiparib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801792"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801792"}]}}{"C171374":{"preferredName":"Cationic Peptide Cream Cypep-1","code":"C171374","definitions":[{"description":"A topical cream containing Cypep-1, a cationic lytic peptide of 27 amino acids, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration, Cypep-1 selectively targets tumor cells with negatively charged cell membranes and ruptures the cell membranes. This leads to tumor cell lysis and the release of neoantigens into the tumor microenvironment (TME) and circulation. This elicits a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these neoantigens. Warts are benign skin tumors caused by human papilloma virus (HPV).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cationic Peptide Cream Cypep-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cypep-1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405490"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801302"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801302"}]}}{"C165605":{"preferredName":"CD11b Agonist GB1275","code":"C165605","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable small molecule agonist of CD11b (integrin alpha-M; ITGAM; integrin alpha M chain), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, CD11b agonist GB1275 targets and binds to CD11b, thereby activating CD11b. This leads to CD11b-mediated signaling and promotes pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization while suppressing immunosuppressive macrophage polarization. This reduces influx of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), promotes anti-tumor immune responses, induces cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and suppresses tumor growth. CD11b, a member of the integrin family of cell adhesion receptors highly expressed on immune system cells, is a negative regulator of immune suppression and activates anti-tumor innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD11b Agonist GB1275","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD11b Agonist GB1275","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GB 1275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GB-1275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GB1275","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Integrin Alpha-M Agonist GB1275","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Integrin CD11b Agonist GB1275","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978817"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799988"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799988"}]}}{"C173970":{"preferredName":"CD123-CD33 Compound CAR T Cells","code":"C173970","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a compound chimeric antigen receptor (cCAR) containing two distinct units of CARs, one specific for the CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA) antigen and one specific for the CD33 antigen, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CD123-CD33 cCAR T cells specifically and simultaneously target and bind to tumor cells expressing CD123 and/or CD33. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells that express the CD123 antigen and/or the CD33 antigen. CD123 is normally expressed on committed blood progenitor cells in the bone marrow; its overexpression is associated with increased leukemic cell proliferation and aggressiveness. CD33 is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and is overexpressed on myeloid leukemia cells. Targeting two different antigens may improve coverage and protect against antigen escape and relapse as it is less likely for tumor cells to lose both antigens. Additionally, the CD123-CD33 cCAR T cells express CD52 on the cell surface. This allows the depletion of the CD123-CD33 cCAR T cells with the administration of the anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab, in case of unacceptable side effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"123b-33bcCAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123-CD33 Compound CAR T Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123-CD33 cCAR T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123-CD33 cCAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123/CD33-expressing Compound CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802178"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802178"}]}}{"C175461":{"preferredName":"CD123-specific Targeting Module TM123","code":"C175461","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of soluble adapter molecules consisting of an antigen-binding moiety targeting CD123 linked to a peptide motif recognizable by UniCAR02-T, that may be used to activate UniCAR02-T. Upon administration of CD123-specific targeting module (TM) TM123, and upon co-administration of UniCAR02-T, the antigen-binding moiety of TM123 targets and binds to cancer cells expressing CD123, and the binding domain of UniCAR02-T binds to the nuclear antigen motif of TM123. This activates UniCAR02-T, and induces selective toxicity in and causes lysis of CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123 is normally expressed on committed blood progenitor cells in the bone marrow; its overexpression is associated with both increased leukemic cell proliferation and aggressiveness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD123 Target Module TM123","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123-specific TM TM123","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD123-specific Targeting Module TM123","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Antibody Derivative TM123","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TM 123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TM-123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TM123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802894"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802894"}]}}{"C173960":{"preferredName":"CD20-CD19 Compound CAR T Cells","code":"C173960","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a compound chimeric antigen receptor (cCAR) containing two distinct units of CARs, one specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) and one specific for the TAA CD19, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CD20-CD19 cCAR T cells specifically and simultaneously target and bind to tumor cells expressing CD20 and/or CD19. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells that express CD20 and/or CD19. Both CD19 and CD20 are B-cell-specific cell surface antigens overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. Targeting two different antigens may improve coverage and protect against antigen escape and relapse as it is less likely for tumor cells to lose both antigens. ","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD19/CD20-expressing Compound CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20-CD19 Compound CAR T Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20-CD19 cCAR T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20-CD19 cCAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802177"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802177"}]}}{"C168584":{"preferredName":"CD28/ICOS Antagonist ALPN-101","code":"C168584","definitions":[{"description":"An Fc fusion protein comprised of a human inducible T-cell costimulator ligand (ICOSL) variant immunoglobulin domain (vIgD) that binds to both inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS; CD278) and cluster of differentiation 28 (CD28), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, CD28/ICOS antagonist ALPN-101 targets and binds to both CD28 and ICOS expressed on certain T-cells. This prevents the activation of CD28 and ICOS by its ligands, thereby blocking the two T-cell costimulatory pathways and the resulting T-cell activation. CD28 is involved in initiation of the pathogenic process in graft versus host disease (GVHD). Following initial activation, CD28 is often downregulated while ICOS is upregulated, possibly sustaining GVHD. Dual blockade of CD28 and ICOS may be superior to individual blockade of CD28 or ICOS alone. ","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALPN 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALPN-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALPN101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD28/ICOS Antagonist ALPN-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD28/ICOS Antagonist ALPN-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ICOSL vIgD-Fc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972908"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800691"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800691"}]}}{"C173368":{"preferredName":"CD44v6-specific CAR T-cells","code":"C173368","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a fourth-generation specific chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) specific for CD44 variant domain 6 (CD44v6), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD44v6-specific CAR T-cells specifically recognize and kill CD44v6-expressing tumor cells. CD44, a transmembrane glycoprotein and hyaluronic acid receptor, is expressed in healthy tissue and overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types. CD44v6, the isoform containing the variant domain 6 of CD44 gene, plays a key role in tumor cell invasion, proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4SCAR-CD44v6 T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4SCAR-CD44v6 T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD44v6 CAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD44v6 CAR-T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD44v6-specific CAR Gene-engineered T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD44v6-specific CAR T-cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801822"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801822"}]}}{"C167156":{"preferredName":"CD73 Inhibitor AB680","code":"C167156","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule, competitive inhibitor of the ectoenzyme CD73 (cluster of differentiation 73; 5'-ecto-nucleotidase; 5'-NT; ecto-5'-nucleotidase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD73 Inhibitor AB680 targets and binds to CD73, leading to clustering of and internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and decreases the amount of free adenosine in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This prevents adenosine-mediated lymphocyte suppression and increases the activity of CD8-positive effector cells and natural killer (NK) cells. This also activates macrophages and reduces the activity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T-lymphocytes (Tregs). By abrogating the inhibitory effect on the immune system and enhancing the cytotoxic T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells, tumor cell growth decreases. In addition, clustering and internalization of CD73 decreases the migration of cancer cells and prevents metastasis. CD73, a plasma membrane protein belonging to the 5'-nucleotidase (NTase) family, upregulated on a number of cancer cell types, catalyzes the conversion of extracellular nucleotides, such as AMP, to membrane-permeable nucleosides, such as adenosine; it plays a key role in adenosine-mediated immunosuppression within the TME.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB 680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB680","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD73 Inhibitor AB680","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD73 Inhibitor AB680","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972383"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2105904-82-1"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800218"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800218"}]}}{"C170952":{"preferredName":"CD73 Inhibitor LY3475070","code":"C170952","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the ectoenzyme CD73 (cluster of differentiation 73; 5'-ecto-nucleotidase; 5'-NT; ecto-5'-nucleotidase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CD73 inhibitor LY3475070 targets and binds to CD73, leading to clustering of and internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and decreases the amount of free adenosine in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This prevents adenosine-mediated lymphocyte suppression and increases the activity of CD8-positive effector cells and natural killer (NK) cells. This also activates macrophages and reduces the activity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T-lymphocytes (Tregs). By abrogating the inhibitory effect on the immune system and enhancing the cytotoxic T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, tumor cell growth decreases. In addition, clustering and internalization of CD73 decreases the migration of cancer cells and prevents metastasis. CD73, a plasma membrane protein belonging to the 5'-nucleotidase (NTase) family, catalyzes the conversion of extracellular nucleotides, such as AMP, to membrane-permeable nucleosides, such as adenosine. It is upregulated in a number of cancer cell types and plays a key role in adenosine-mediated immunosuppression within the TME.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD73 Inhibitor LY3475070","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD73 Inhibitor LY3475070","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3475070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3475070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3475070","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383223"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801213"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801213"}]}}{"C174515":{"preferredName":"CD80-Fc Fusion Protein ALPN-202","code":"C174515","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein composed of the N-terminal Ig variable-like (IgV) domain of CD80 fused to a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc fragment, with potential immunostimulatory, immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD80-Fc fusion protein ALPN-202 targets and binds to programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) expressed on tumor cells, which blocks its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279), and leads to PD-L1-dependent CD28 binding and co-stimulation in the local tumor microenvironment (TME). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling, leads to the co-stimulation of T-cell responses including the activation of naïve and memory T-cells in the TME and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, ALPN-202 targets and binds to CTL-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4) expressed on T-cells. This prevents the binding of CTLA-4 to endogenous CD80, thereby enabling CD80-CD28 engagement, CD28 signaling, and T-cell activation. This further promotes T-cell activity. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. CD80 is a co-stimulatory molecule expressed on activated antigen presenting cells (APCs) that plays a key role in T-cell activation upon binding to CD28 on T-cells. On the other hand, binding of CD80 to CTLA-4 prevents CD80-CD28 engagement, thereby inhibiting T-cell activity and immune activation. CTLA-4 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and an inhibitory molecule upregulated by T-cells following T-cell activation. It plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALPN 202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALPN-202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALPN202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD80 vIgD-Fc Fusion Protein ALPN-202","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD80-Fc Fusion Protein ALPN-202","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD80-Fc Fusion Protein ALPN-202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD80-vlgD-Fc ALPN-202","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802337"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802337"}]}}{"C169063":{"preferredName":"CD80-Fc Fusion Protein FPT155","code":"C169063","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fusion protein composed of the extracellular domain (ECD) of human CD80 (B7.1) fused to a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc fragment, with potential immunostimulatory, immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of CD80-Fc fusion protein FPT155, the CD80 moiety targets and binds to CD28, which in the presence of antigenic T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling, leads to the co-stimulation of T-cell responses including the activation of naïve and memory T-cells. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells, thereby killing cancer cells. FPT155 also targets and binds to CTL-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), preventing the binding of CTLA-4 to endogenous CD80, thereby enabling CD80-CD28 engagement, CD28 signaling, and T-cell activation in the tumor microenvironment. CD80 is a co-stimulatory molecule expressed on activated antigen presenting cells that plays a key role in T-cell activation upon binding to CD28 on T-cells. On the other hand, binding of CD80 to CTLA-4 prevents CD80-CD28 engagement, thereby inhibiting T-cell activity and immune activation. CTLA-4 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and an inhibitory molecule upregulated by T-cells following T-cell activation. It plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD80-Fc Fusion Protein FPT155","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPT 155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPT-155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FPT-155","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"FPT155","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1378876"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"WK58XJB6UK"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800619"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800619"}]}}{"C175251":{"preferredName":"CDK2 Inhibitor PF-07104091","code":"C175251","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CDK2 inhibitor PF-07104091 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK2. This may lead to cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases that are important regulators of cell cycle progression and cellular proliferation and are frequently overexpressed in tumor cells. CDK2/cyclin E complex plays an important role in retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation and the G1-S phase cell cycle transition. CDK2/cyclin A complex plays an important role in DNA synthesis in S phase and the activation of CDK1/cyclin B for the G2-M phase cell cycle transition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK2 Inhibitor PF-07104091","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDK2 Inhibitor PF-07104091","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin-dependent Kinase 2 Inhibitor PF-07104091","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF 07104091","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF-07104091","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF07104091","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803259"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803259"}]}}{"C174417":{"preferredName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor CS3002","code":"C174417","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor CS3002 selectively targets and inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of both cell cycle progression from the G1-phase into the S-phase and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor CS3002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS 3002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS-3002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CS3002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802263"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802263"}]}}{"C170749":{"preferredName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor HS-10342","code":"C170749","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecular, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor HS-10342 selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of both cell cycle progression from the G1-phase into the S-phase and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor HS-10342","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HS 10342","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HS-10342","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HS10342","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383163"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800781"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800781"}]}}{"C171344":{"preferredName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor TQB3616","code":"C171344","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor TQB3616 selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of both cell cycle progression from the G1-phase into the S-phase and tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK4/6 Inhibitor TQB3616","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB 3616","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB-3616","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB3616","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405461"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801305"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801305"}]}}{"C172390":{"preferredName":"CDK7 Inhibitor SY-5609","code":"C172390","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SY-5609 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK7, thereby inhibiting CDK7-mediated signaling. Specifically, inhibition of CDK7 prevents phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA Polymerase II, thereby preventing transcription of important cancer-promoting genes. In addition, it prevents phosphorylation of the cell cycle kinases CDK1, 2, 4, and 6, thereby disrupting uncontrolled cell cycle progression. Altogether, this may induce apoptosis, cause cell cycle arrest, inhibit DNA damage repair and inhibit tumor cell proliferation in certain cancers that are dependent on CDK7-mediated transcriptional regulation and signaling. CDK7, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a role in controlling cell cycle progression, transcriptional regulation, and promotes the expression of key oncogenes such as c-Myc and beta-catenin, through the phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK7 Inhibitor SY-5609","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDK7 Inhibitor SY-5609","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin-dependent Kinase 7 Inhibitor SY-5609","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SY 5609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SY-5609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SY5609","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406516"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802022"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802022"}]}}{"C165747":{"preferredName":"CDK8/19 Inhibitor SEL 120","code":"C165747","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 8 and 19 (CDK8/19), with potential antineoplastic and chemoprotective activities. Upon oral administration, CDK8/19 inhibitor SEL 120 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK8/19, which prevents activation of CDK8/19-mediated oncogenic signaling pathways, blocks selective transcription of various tumor-promoting genes, and inhibits proliferation of CDK8/19-overexpressing tumor cells. CDK8/19, serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, are overexpressed in certain cancer cell types and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CDK8/19 Inhibitor SEL 120","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CDK8/19 Inhibitor SEL 120","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEL 120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEL 120-34","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEL 120-34A","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEL-120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SEL120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978865"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1429515-59-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800129"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800129"}]}}{"C171649":{"preferredName":"Cedazuridine/Azacitidine Combination Agent ASTX030","code":"C171649","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available fixed-dose combination agent containing cedazuridine, a cytidine deaminase (CDA) inhibitor, and the cytidine antimetabolite azacitidine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of the cedazuridine/azacitidine combination agent ASTX030, cedazuridine binds to and inhibits CDA, an enzyme primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver that catalyzes the deamination of cytidine and cytidine analogs. This prevents the breakdown of azacitidine, increases its bioavailability and efficacy while decreasing GI toxicity due to the administration of lower doses of azacitidine. Azacitidine exerts its antineoplastic activity through the incorporation of its triphosphate form into DNA, which inhibits DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), thereby blocking DNA methylation and results in hypomethylation of DNA. This interferes with DNA replication and decreases tumor cell growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASTX 030","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASTX-030","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASTX030","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZA/CDZ Combination","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cedazuridine + Azacitidine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cedazuridine/Azacitidine Combination Agent ASTX030","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cedazuridine/Azacitidine Combination Agent ASTX030","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405630"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802003"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802003"}]}}{"C172396":{"preferredName":"Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Agent CC-99282","code":"C172396","definitions":[{"description":"A modulator of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing cereblon (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cereblon E3 ubiquitin ligase modulating agent CC-99282 specifically binds to cereblon (CRBN), thereby affecting the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity, and targeting certain substrate proteins for ubiquitination. This induces proteasome-mediated degradation of certain transcription factors, some of which are transcriptional repressors in T-cells. This leads to modulation of the immune system, including activation of T-lymphocytes, and downregulation of the activity of other proteins, some of which play key roles in the proliferation of certain cancer cell types. CRBN, the substrate recognition component of the CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, plays a key role in the ubiquitination of certain proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC -99282","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC 99282","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CC99282","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CelMod CC-99282","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Agent CC-99282","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Agent CC-99282","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cereblon E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Modulating Drug CC-99282","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cereblon Modulator CC-99282","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406350"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"953769-46-5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801633"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801633"}]}}{"C167056":{"preferredName":"Chlorotoxin (EQ)-CD28-CD3zeta-CD19t-expressing CAR T-lymphocytes","code":"C167056","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of genetically modified T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) comprised of a CD28 co-stimulatory signaling domain fused to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3zeta), a truncated form of CD19 (CD19t), an immunoglobulin (Ig) G4-Fc (EQ) spacer, and a peptide derived from chlorotoxin (CLTX), with potential imaging and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, chlorotoxin (EQ)-CD28-CD3zeta-CD19t-expressing CAR T-lymphocytes are re-directed to specific tumor cells in the brain inducing selective toxicity in these tumor cells. CLTX, a 36-amino acid peptide found in the venom of the deathstalker scorpion (Leiurus quinquestriatus) and a chloride channel blocker, preferentially binds to glioma (and other neuroectodermal origin) cells via membrane bound forms of the endopeptidase matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). This may direct the T-lymphocytes to and induce selective toxicity in MMP-2-expressing tumor cells. Additionally, binding to MMP-2 on glioma cells may both interfere with transmembrane chloride exchange and inhibit proteolytic extracellular matrix remodeling by MMP-2, which may further limit the spread of these tumor cells. MMP-2 is specifically upregulated in gliomas and related cancers, but is not normally expressed in brain. The CD28 co-stimulatory molecule signaling domain enhances activation and signaling; its inclusion may increase proliferation of T-cells and antitumor activity compared to the inclusion of the CD3 zeta chain alone. IgG4-Fc (EQ) contains two point mutations in its spacer region which prevents recognition of the CAR by Fc receptors (FcRs) without altering the ability of the CAR to mediate antigen-specific lysis. CD19t, which lacks the cytoplasmic signaling tail, provides a non-immunogenic surface marker that allows for accurate measurement, efficient cell tracking and/or imaging of the therapeutic T-cells in vivo following adoptive transfer. Additionally, co-expression of CD19t functions as a \"suicide\" switch via clinically available antibodies or immunotoxins which can be used to selectively eliminate the genetically modified cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chlorotoxin (EQ)-CD28-CD3zeta-CD19t-expressing CAR T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chlorotoxin (EQ)-CD28-CD3zeta-CD19t-expressing CAR T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chlorotoxin-CD28-CD3z-CD19t-expressing CAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972048"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802824"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802824"}]}}{"C169027":{"preferredName":"CK1alpha/CDK7/CDK9 Inhibitor BTX-A51","code":"C169027","definitions":[{"description":"The ditosylated salt of A51, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of casein kinase 1alpha (CK1alpha) and cyclin-dependent kinases 7 and 9 (CDK7 and CDK9), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BTX-A51 binds to and inhibits the activity of CK1alpha, CDK7, and CDK9. Blocking the phosphorylation and kinase activity of CK1alpha prevents the enhanced binding of murine double minute X (MDMX) to p53, the formation of CK1alpha and MDM2 complex, and the resulting inhibition of p53. This induces p53-mediated cell cycle arrest, slowing tumor cell proliferation. Blocking the phosphorylation and kinase activity of CDK7 and CDK9 prevents the positive transcription elongation factor b (PTEFb)-mediated activation of RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) and leads to the inhibition of gene transcription of various anti-apoptotic proteins. This also induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, slowing tumor cell proliferation. CK1alpha, a serine/threonine kinase and a leukemic stem cell target, acts as a tumor suppressor in several cancers through the negative regulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and p53. It negatively regulates p53 by phosphorylating MDMX, thus enhancing binding of MDMX to p53, as well as by forming a complex with MDM2. CDK7, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a role in controlling cell cycle progression, transcriptional regulation, and promotes the expression of key oncogenes such as c-Myc through the phosphorylation of RNA Pol II. CDK9, also a serine/threonine kinase, regulates elongation of transcription through phosphorylation of RNA Pol II at serine 2 (p-Ser2-RNAPII). It is upregulated in various tumor cell types and plays a key role in the regulation of RNA Pol II-mediated transcription of anti-apoptotic proteins. Tumor cells are dependent on anti-apoptotic proteins for their survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTX A51","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTX-A51","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTXA51","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CK1alpha/CDK7/CDK9 Inhibitor BTX-A51","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CK1alpha/CDK7/CDK9 Inhibitor BTX-A51","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1378832"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801169"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801169"}]}}{"C167393":{"preferredName":"Commensal Bacterial Strain Formulation VE800","code":"C167393","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable formulation composed of eleven alive, distinct nonpathogenic, nontoxigenic, human commensal bacterial strains, isolated from healthy human donor feces, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the commensal bacterial strain formulation VE800, the bacterial strains induce an interferon-gamma (IFN-g)-producing CD8-positive T-cell-mediated immune response in the intestines. This may activate an IFN-g-expressing CD8+ T-cell -mediated anti-cancer immune response and may eradicate tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bacterial Consortium-based Formulation VE800","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Commensal Bacterial Strain Formulation VE800","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Commensal Bacterial Strain Formulation VE800","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LBP VE800","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Live Biotherapeutic Product VE800","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VE 800","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VE-800","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VE800","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972578"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802787"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802787"}]}}{"C171370":{"preferredName":"Copper Cu 67 Tyr3-octreotate","code":"C171370","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of the tyrosine-containing somatostatin analog Tyr3-octreotate (TATE) conjugated with the bifunctional chelator 5-(8-methyl-3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaaza-bicyclo[6.6.6]icosan-1-ylamino)-5-oxopentanoic acid (MeCOSar) and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope copper Cu 67, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, copper Cu 67 Tyr3-octreotate binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), with high affinity to type 2 SSTR, present on the cell membranes of many types of neuroendocrine tumor (NET) cells. Upon binding and internalization, this radioconjugate specifically delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to SSTR-positive cells. TATE is an octreotide derivative in which phenylalanine at position 3 is substituted by tyrosine and position 8 threoninol is replaced with threonine. SSTRs have been shown to be present in large numbers on NET and their metastases, while most other normal tissues express low levels of SSTRs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"67Cu-SARTATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"67Cu-labeled MeCOSar-Tyr3-octreotate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copper 67 SARTATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copper Cu 67 TATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copper Cu 67 Tyr3-octreotate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Copper Cu 67 Tyr3-octreotate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Copper Cu 67-SARTATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cu-67 SARTATE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405493"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801332"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801332"}]}}{"C172058":{"preferredName":"Cord Blood Derived CAR T-Cells","code":"C172058","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of umbilical cord blood (CB)-derived T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that targets an as of yet unidentified tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the cord blood derived CAR T-cells, the T-cells target, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing the TAA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CB Derived CAR T-Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cord Blood CAR T-Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cord Blood Derived CAR T-Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406190"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801490"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801490"}]}}{"C173651":{"preferredName":"CSF1R Inhibitor ABSK021","code":"C173651","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; CD115; M-CSFR), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CSF1R inhibitor ABSK021 targets and binds to CSF1R, thereby blocking CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling. This inhibits the activities of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and prevents immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This enhances antitumor T-cell immune responses and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. CSF1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (cluster of differentiation 115), is a cell-surface receptor that plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABSK 021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABSK-021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABSK021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF-1R Inhibitor ABSK021","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF1R Inhibitor ABSK021","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CSF1R Inhibitor ABSK021","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802252"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802252"}]}}{"C167271":{"preferredName":"CXCR4/E-selectin Antagonist GMI-1359","code":"C167271","definitions":[{"description":"An antagonist of both the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and E-selectin (CD62E), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CXCR4/E-selectin antagonist GMI-1359 binds to both CXCR4 and E-selectin expressed on endothelial cells. The binding to CXCR4 prevents the binding of stromal-cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1; CXCL12) to CXCR4 and inhibits CXCR4 activation, which may result in decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-expressing tumor cells. The binding to E-selectin expressed on endothelial cells prevents their interaction with E-selectin ligand-expressing cancer cells. This may prevent tumor cell activation, migration and metastasis. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis, and is upregulated in several tumor cell types. E-selectin is a cell adhesion molecule involved in cell rolling, signaling and chemotaxis. Its overexpression has been associated with tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in several cancers. ","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CXCR4/E-selectin Antagonist GMI-1359","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CXCR4/E-selectin Antagonist GMI-1359","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GMI 1359","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GMI-1359","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GMI1359","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972258"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802777"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802777"}]}}{"C172052":{"preferredName":"CYP11A1 Inhibitor ODM-209","code":"C172052","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome 450 side-chain cleavage (scc)(CYP11A1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CYP11A1 inhibitor ODM-209 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CYP11A1. This prevents the synthesis of all steroid hormones and their precursors. This may inhibit the proliferation of hormone-positive tumor cells. CYP11A1, a mitochondrial enzyme, catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone (Preg), which is the first rate-limiting step in steroid hormone biosynthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYP11A1 Inhibitor ODM-209","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM 209","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM-209","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODM209","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406195"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801473"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801473"}]}}{"C173660":{"preferredName":"Dendrimer-conjugated Bcl-2/Bcl-XL Inhibitor AZD0466","code":"C173660","definitions":[{"description":"A drug-dendrimer conjugate composed of a B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-XL inhibitor AZD4320 that is chemically conjugated to a proprietary 5-generation pegylated poly-lysine dendrimer via a hydrolytically labile linker, with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of AZD0466, AZD4320 is released through hydrolytic cleavage of the linker. AZD4320 is a Bcl2-homology domain 3 (BH3) mimetic that specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. This restores apoptotic processes and inhibits cell proliferation in Bcl-2/Bcl-XL-dependent tumor cells. Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL, proteins belonging to the Bcl-2 family that are overexpressed in many cancers, play an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis. Their expression in tumors is associated with increased drug resistance and cancer cell survival. The conjugation of AZD 4320 to the dendrimer construct may allow extended release of the agent, which may improve efficacy and lower toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AZD 0466","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-0466","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD0466","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD4320-dendrimer Conjugate AZD0466","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bcl-2/Bcl-XL Inhibitor-DEP Dendrimer Conjugate AZD0466","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bcl-2/Bcl-XL Inhibitor-dendrimer Conjugate AZD0466","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dendrimer-conjugated Bcl-2/Bcl-XL Inhibitor AZD0466","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dendrimer-conjugated Bcl-2/Bcl-XL Inhibitor AZD0466","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802253"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802253"}]}}{"C173443":{"preferredName":"Dengue Virus Adjuvant PV-001-DV","code":"C173443","definitions":[{"description":"45AZ5, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration of dengue virus adjuvant PV-001-DV, the virus may activate both the innate and adaptive immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dengue Virus Adjuvant PV-001-DV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dengue Virus-1 PV-001-DV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV 001-DV","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV-001-DV","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV-001-Dengue Virus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PV001-DV","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801795"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801795"}]}}{"C168692":{"preferredName":"DNA-PK inhibitor AZD7648","code":"C168692","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable ATP-competitive inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activites. Upon oral administration, DNA-PK inhibitor AZD7648 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of DNA-PK, thereby interfering with the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) process and preventing repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) caused by ionizing radiation or chemotherapeutic treatment. This increases chemo- and radiotherapy cytotoxicity leading to enhanced tumor cell death. AZD7648 may also increase the effect of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and may work as a monotherapy in tumors with high endogenous levels of DNA damage resulting from defects in other DNA repair pathways. The enhanced ability of tumor cells to repair DSBs plays a major role in the resistance of tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy. DNA-PK plays a key role in the NHEJ pathway and DSB repair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"7-Methyl-2-[(7-methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-6-yl)amino]-9-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-7,9-dihydro-8H-purin-8-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD 7648","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD-7648","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AZD7648","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA-PK inhibitor AZD7648","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DNA-PK inhibitor AZD7648","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor AZD7648","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1378628"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"2230820-11-6"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800695"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800695"}]}}{"C172111":{"preferredName":"DNA-PK/PI3K-delta Inhibitor BR101801","code":"C172111","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta) and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, the DNA-PK/PI3K-delta inhibitor BR101801 inhibits the activity of both PI3K-delta and DNA-PK. This prevents PI3K-mediated signaling pathways and may lead to the inhibition of cancer cell growth in PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Specifically, since PI3K regulates c-myc expression, inhibition of PI3K signaling may lead to a decrease in proliferation of c-myc-expressing tumor cells. Also, by inhibiting the activity of DNA-PK, this agent interferes with the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) process and prevents the repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) caused by ionizing radiation or chemotherapeutic treatment. This increases chemo- and radiotherapy cytotoxicity by inhibiting the ability of tumor cells to repair damaged DNA. The PI3K pathway is upregulated in a variety of tumors and plays an important role in regulating cancer cell proliferation, growth, and survival. DNA-PK is activated upon DNA damage and plays a key role in repairing double-stranded DNA breaks. The enhanced ability of tumor cells to repair DSBs plays a major role in the resistance of tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy. In addition, BR101801 is able to decrease Tregs and increase CD8 lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BR 101801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BR-101801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BR101801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA-PK/PI3K-delta Inhibitor BR101801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406238"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801432"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801432"}]}}{"C174424":{"preferredName":"DNMT1 Inhibitor NTX-301","code":"C174424","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DNMT1 inhibitor NTX-301 targets ad binds to DNMT1, thereby inhibiting the activity of DNMT1. This may prevent DNA methylation, induce DNA hypomethylation, and activate tumor suppressor genes silenced by hypermethylation. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. DNMT1, a member of the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) family, plays an important role in maintaining the DNA methylation pattern. Dysregulation of DNMT1 has been associated with a number of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNMT1 Inhibitor NTX-301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NTX 301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NTX-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NTX301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802300"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802300"}]}}{"C167221":{"preferredName":"Doxorubicin Prodrug/Prodrug-activating Biomaterial SQ3370","code":"C167221","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation consisting of SQL70, a prodrug-activating biomaterial, and SQP33, a prodrug of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of SQ3370, which consists of the injection of SQL70 at the tumor site followed by the intravenous administration of SQ3370, the prodrug SQP33 binds to, through an as of yet not identifiable mechanism, to SQL70 at the tumor site. After binding, doxorubicin is released over a period of days, intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II. This leads to an inhibition of DNA replication and repair, and prevents RNA and protein synthesis. Compared to the systemic administration of doxorubicin alone, SQ3370 may allow for higher and sustained delivery of active doxorubicin directly to the tumor, which may increase its efficacy and limit its off-site, systemic toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Doxorubicin Prodrug SQP33/Prodrug-activating Biomaterial SQL7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin Prodrug/Prodrug-activating Biomaterial SQ3370","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Doxorubicin Prodrug/Prodrug-activating Biomaterial SQ3370","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQ 3370","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQ-3370","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQ3370","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQL70-SQP33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQL70/SQP33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972446"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800071"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800071"}]}}{"C173999":{"preferredName":"DTRMWXHS-12/Everolimus/Pomalidomide Combination Agent DTRM-555","code":"C173999","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable combination of DTRMWXHS-12, a Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, everolimus, a mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, and pomalidomide, an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD), that may be used for the treatment of B-cell malignancies. Upon oral administration of DTRM-555, the DTRMWXHS-12 component inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways, and leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK plays an important role in the development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival of B-lymphocytes. The everolimus component binds to the immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate a complex that binds to and inhibits the activation of mTOR, a key regulatory kinase. Upregulated in some tumors, mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase involved in regulating cellular proliferation, motility, and survival that is located downstream of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The pomalidomide component may inhibit TNF-alpha production, enhance the activity of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells and enhance antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). In addition, pomalidomide may inhibit tumor angiogenesis, promote cell cycle arrest in susceptible tumor cell populations, and stimulate erythropoiesis. The combination of a BTK inhibitor, an mTOR inhibitor and an IMiD may work synergistically to kill malignant B-cells and prevent drug resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DTRM 555","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTRM-555","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTRM555","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTRMWXHS-12-Everolimus-Pomalidomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTRMWXHS-12/Everolimus/Pomalidomide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DTRMWXHS-12/Everolimus/Pomalidomide Combination Agent DTRM-555","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DTRMWXHS-12/Everolimus/Pomalidomide Combination Agent DTRM-555","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802451"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802451"}]}}{"C175445":{"preferredName":"EGFR Inhibitor TY-9591","code":"C175445","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), including activating mutations, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the EGFR inhibitor TY-9591 binds to and inhibits EGFR activating mutations, including the resistance mutation T790M, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EGFR Inhibitor TY-9591","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TY-9591","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TY 9591","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TY-9591","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TY9591","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802783"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802783"}]}}{"C173415":{"preferredName":"EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor TQB3804","code":"C173415","definitions":[{"description":"A fourth-generation, orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor TQB3804 binds to and inhibits the activity of mutant forms of EGFR, including the C797S EGFR mutant, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. TQB3804 inhibits mutated forms of EGFR including C797S, which prevents covalent bond formation with third-generation EGFR inhibitor osimertinib leading to drug resistance. TQB3804 may have enhanced anti-tumor effects in tumors with C797S-mediated resistance when compared to other EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor TQB3804","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor TQB3804","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB 3804","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB-3804","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB3804","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801857"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801857"}]}}{"C165778":{"preferredName":"EGFR/EGFRvIII Inhibitor WSD0922-FU","code":"C165778","definitions":[{"description":"A blood-brain-barrier (BBB) penetrable selective inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and various EGFR mutations, including but not limited to the EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) mutant form, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of EGFR/EGFRvIII inhibitor WSD0922-FU, this agent is able to penetrate the BBB and specifically targets, binds to and inhibits EGFR and specific EGFR mutations, which prevents EGFR/EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR/EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. Compared to other EGFR inhibitors that are not able to penetrate the BBB, WSD0922-FU may have therapeutic benefits in brain tumors, such as glioblastoma (GBM) and metastatic CNS tumors. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BBB Penetrable EGFR/EGFRvIII Inhibitor WSD0922-FU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Mutant Inhibitor WSD0922-FU","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR/EGFRvIII Inhibitor WSD0922-FU","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGFR/EGFRvIII Inhibitor WSD0922-FU","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WSD 0922-FU","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WSD-0922-FU","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WSD0922-FU","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL979063"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800200"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800200"}]}}{"C167205":{"preferredName":"EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor DZD9008","code":"C167205","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, irreversible, dual kinase inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) that shows similar activity against certain activating mutations, including exon 20 insertions (exon20ins), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR/HER2 inhibitor DZD9008 binds to and inhibits EGFR and HER2, which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumors. EGFR and HER2 are receptor tyrosine kinases that play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. In contrast to other agents active against exon20ins mutations, DZD9008 appears to be more selective against mutated EGFR than wild-type (wt) EGFR. This may lessen wtEGFR-related dose-limiting toxicity and may allow for the administration of the desired therapeutic dose of DZD9008.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DZD 9008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DZD-9008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DZD9008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor DZD9008","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor DZD9008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972432"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800418"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800418"}]}}{"C173165":{"preferredName":"EGFR/TGFb Fusion Monoclonal Antibody BCA101","code":"C173165","definitions":[{"description":"A bifunctional monoclonal antibody targeting both the receptor tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the pro-inflammatory cytokine human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta; TGFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of EGFR/TGFb fusion monoclonal antibody BCA101, the anti-EGFR moiety targets, binds to and prevents activation of EGFR-mediated signaling. This leads to an inhibition of EGFR-dependent downstream pathways and EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. The anti-TGFb moiety targets and binds to TGFb, thereby preventing the activation of TGFb-mediated signaling pathways. This may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells in which TGFb is overactivated. EGFR and TGFb, mutated and/or overexpressed on the surfaces of various tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/TGFb Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody BCA101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-EGFR/TGFb Monoclonal Antibody BCA101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCA 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCA-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCA101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR/TGFb Fusion Monoclonal Antibody BCA101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EGFR/TGFb Fusion Monoclonal Antibody BCA101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1407043"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802059"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802059"}]}}{"C173436":{"preferredName":"EGFR/VEGFR/RET Inhibitor HA121-28","code":"C173436","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of HA121-28, this agent targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR, RET and VEGFR. This prevents EGFR-, RET- and VEGFR-mediated signaling, and may lead to the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor growth in EGFR-, RET- and VEGFR-overexpressing cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. Dysregulation of RET activity plays a key role in the development and progression of a variety of cancers. Expression of VEGFR is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types; it plays a key role in the migration, proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, microvessel formation, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EGFR/VEGFR/RET Inhibitor HA121-28","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HA 121-28","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HA-121 28","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HA121-28","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801763"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801763"}]}}{"C168790":{"preferredName":"Enadenotucirev-expressing FAP/CD3 Bispecific FAP-TAc NG-641","code":"C168790","definitions":[{"description":"An oncolytic adenoviral vector, a transgene-modified variant of enadenotucirev (EnAd), that expresses a bi-specific T-cell activator molecule FAP-TAc together with immune enhancer molecules C-X-C motif chemokine 9 (CXCL9), C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) and interferon alpha (IFNalpha), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of NG-641, EnAd specifically infects and replicates in tumor cells and not in normal, noncancerous tissue, and selectively expresses FAP-TAc. The locally expressed FAP-TAc targets and binds to both fibroblast activating protein (FAP) on cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and CD3 on T-cells. This leads to T-cell activation and T-cell mediated killing of CAFs in tumor stroma. NG-641 also encodes the transgenes CXCL9, CXCL10 and IFNalpha. The production of CXCL9, CXCL10 and IFNalpha leads to the recruitment and further activation of T-cells, enhancing the overall immune response and cancer cell killing. FAP, a cell surface glycoprotein, is overexpressed on tumor-associated fibroblasts but minimally expressed on normal, healthy cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enadenotucirev-expressing FAP/CD3 Bispecific FAP-TAc NG-641","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enadenotucirev-expressing FAP/CD3 Bispecific FAP-TAc NG-641","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG 641","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG-641","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NG641","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenoviral Vector Expressing FAP/CD3 Bispecific Molecule NG-641","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenoviral Vector-expressing FAP/CD3 Bispecific FAP-TAc NG-641","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1378696"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800703"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800703"}]}}{"C173879":{"preferredName":"Encapsulated Rapamycin","code":"C173879","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable nanoparticle-based formulation composed of sub-micron particles of the macrolide antibiotic rapamycin incorporated into a pH-sensitive poly(methyl methacrylate) polymer, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of the encapsulated rapamycin, the nanoparticle specifically delivers rapamycin at the tumor site. Rapamycin binds to the immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate a complex that binds to and inhibits the activation of the serine/threonine kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a key regulatory kinase. This may suppress mTORC1 activity. In addition, inhibition of mTOR may modulate central memory CD8 T cells, CD3+/CD56+ natural killer (NK) cells and CD8 T-cell responses. This may kill tumor cells. Compared to the administration of rapamycin alone, this formulation improves oral bioavailability of rapamycin with more consistent rapamycin levels, thereby allowing for administration of lower rapamycin dosage, which improves and minimizes rapamycin's toxicity. Upregulated in some tumors, mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase involved in regulating cellular proliferation, motility, and survival that is located downstream of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Encapsulated Rapamycin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Encapsulated Rapamycin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Encapsulated Sirolimus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microencapsulated Rapamycin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"eRapa (TM)","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802399"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802399"}]}}{"C175447":{"preferredName":"Endothelin B Receptor Blocker ENB 003","code":"C175447","definitions":[{"description":"An antagonist of the immune checkpoint endothelin B receptor (ETBR; EDNRB), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the ETBR blocker ENB 003 selectively targets and binds to ETBR expressed on tumor cells. This prevents ETBR-mediated signaling and may abrogate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), may enhance a T-cell mediated anti-tumor immune response and may inhibit proliferation of ETBR-expressing tumor cells. ETBR, a G-protein coupled receptor, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis. It also plays a role in tumor immunosuppression and blocks T-cell trafficking.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENB 003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENB-003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENB003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETBR Blocker ENB 003","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endothelin B Receptor Blocker ENB 003","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Endothelin B Receptor Blocker ENB 003","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802784"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802784"}]}}{"C172990":{"preferredName":"Engineered Red Blood Cells Co-expressing 4-1BBL and IL-15TP RTX-240","code":"C172990","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS) red blood cells (RBCs) engineered to express both the co-stimulatory molecule tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily (TNFSF) member 9 (TNFSF9; 4-1BBL) and a fusion protein composed of the trans-presented cytokine interleukin (IL)-15/IL-15-receptor alpha (IL-15Ra) (IL-15TP) with potential modulating and antineoplastic activities. CD34+ hematopoietic precursor cells (HPC) are collected by apheresis from a healthy O negative donor, purified, and engineered with a lentiviral vector to express 4-1BBL and IL-15TP. The cells are then further expanded and differentiated until the nucleus is ejected, resulting in a mature reticulocyte. Upon administration of the engineered red blood cells co-expressing 4-1BBL and IL-15TP RTX-240, the RBCs express both 4-1BBL and IL-15TP on their cell surfaces. 4-1BBL and IL-15TP bind to and subsequently induce the proliferation and activation of natural killer (NK) cells and T-cells. This enhances the secretion of cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and results in the induction of an anti-tumor immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Red Cells Expressing 4-1BBL and IL-15TP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Engineered RBCs Co-expressing 4-1BBL and IL-15TP RTX-240","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Engineered Red Blood Cells Co-expressing 4-1BBL and IL-15TP RTX-240","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Engineered Red Blood Cells Co-expressing 4-1BBL and IL-15TP RTX-240","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTX 240","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTX-240","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RTX240","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406781"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802047"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802047"}]}}{"C173707":{"preferredName":"Engineered Toxin Body Targeting CD38 TAK-169","code":"C173707","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered toxin body (ETB) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) from an antibody targeting the cell surface glycoprotein ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1 (CD38) that is fused to a cytotoxic payload composed of the enzymatically active, de-immunized, ribosome-inactivating cytotoxic payload Shiga-like toxin-A subunit (SLTA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-CD38 scFv moiety of TAK-169 specifically targets and binds to CD38-expressing tumor cells. Upon internalization, the SLTA moiety is released and acts as an N-glycosidase, which binds to and removes an adenine nucleobase from the 28S RNA component of the 60S ribosomal subunit.of ribosomes This prevents ribosome activity, This inhibits protein synthesis and leads to apoptosis in CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies; its expression has been correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD38-targeted ETB TAK-169","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ETB Targeting CD38 TAK-169","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Engineered Toxin Body Targeting CD38 TAK-169","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Engineered Toxin Body Targeting CD38 TAK-169","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK 169","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-169","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK169","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802255"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802255"}]}}{"C174460":{"preferredName":"EP2/EP4 Antagonist TPST-1495","code":"C174460","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, dual antagonist of the human prostaglandin E2 receptor subtypes 2 (EP2) and 4 (EP4), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, the EP2/EP4 antagonist TPST-1495 selectively targets and binds to EP2 and EP4, inhibiting the binding of the immunosuppressive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to EP2 and EP4. This prevents the activation of EP2 and EP4, and inhibits PGE2-EP2/EP4-mediated signaling. This inhibits PGE2-driven immune suppression by preventing the PGE2-mediated inhibition of anti-tumor immune effector cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as natural killer (NK) cells, T-lymphocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) and M1 macrophages, and blocking the PGE2-mediated increase in suppressive immune cells, such as myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), M2 macrophages, and regulatory T cells (Tregs). This inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells in which the PGE2-EP2/4 signaling pathway is over-activated. EP2 and EP4, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are overexpressed in certain types of cancers, promote tumor cell proliferation, invasion, survival, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dual EP2/4 Antagonist TPST-1495","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP2/EP4 Antagonist TPST-1495","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EP2/EP4 Antagonist TPST-1495","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PGE2 EP2/EP4 Receptor Antagonist TPST-1495","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostaglandin E2 Receptor EP2/EP4 Antagonist TPST-1495","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPST 1495","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPST-1495","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPST1495","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803116"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803116"}]}}{"C173520":{"preferredName":"EP4 Antagonist INV-1120","code":"C173520","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule and antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype 4 (PTGER4; EP4), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the EP4 antagonist INV-1120 selectively targets and binds to EP4, inhibiting the binding of the immunosuppressive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to EP4. This prevents the activation of EP4 and inhibits PGE2-EP4-mediated signaling, thereby inhibiting proliferation of tumor cells in which the PGE2-EP4 signaling pathway is over-activated. In addition, EP4 inhibition prevents the activity of tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by inhibiting interleukin-23 (IL-23) production and the IL-23-mediated expansion of Th17 cells. EP4, a prostanoid receptor, is a G protein-coupled receptor that is expressed in certain types of cancers; it promotes tumor cell proliferation and invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EP4 Antagonist INV-1120","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EP4 Antagonist INV-1120","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EP4 Receptor Antagonist INV-1120","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INV 1120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INV-1120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INV1120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PGE2 Receptor Antagonist INV-1120","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostaglandin E2 Receptor Antagonist INV-1120","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802232"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802232"}]}}{"C171425":{"preferredName":"EphA2-targeting Bicycle Toxin Conjugate BT5528","code":"C171425","definitions":[{"description":"A bicyclic peptide targeting Ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2) and conjugated, through an inert sarcosine spacer chain and a valine-citrulline cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent inhibitor of microtubule polymerization, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the EphA2-targeting bicycle toxin conjugate BT5528, this agent targets and binds to EphA2-expressing tumor cells. After internalization and enzymatic cleavage of the immunoconjugate within the tumor cell cytosol, free MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which may result in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. The cell-surface receptor EphA2, a member of the ephrin family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) involved in mammalian development, is overexpressed by a variety of different cancer cell types. EphA2 expression is associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BT 5528","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BT-5528","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BT5528","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BTC BT5528","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bicycle BT5528","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bicycle Toxin Conjugate-targeting EphA2 BT5528","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bicyclic Peptide Conjugate BT5528","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EphA2-targeting BTC BT5528","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EphA2-targeting Bicycle Toxin Conjugate BT5528","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EphA2-targeting Bicycle Toxin Conjugate BT5528","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EphA2-targeting-MMAE Bicycle Toxin BT5528","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405523"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801972"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801972"}]}}{"C172805":{"preferredName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor HH2710","code":"C172805","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ERK1/2 inhibitor HH2710 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the serine/threonine-protein kinases ERK1 and ERK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 substrates and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent proliferation and survival of tumor cells. The MAPK/ERK pathway, also known as the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, is hyperactivated in a variety of tumor cell types due to mutations in upstream targets. It plays a key role in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor HH2710","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor HH2710","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor HH2710","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 Inhibitor HH2710","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH 2710","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH-2710","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH2710","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406865"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802029"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802029"}]}}{"C174203":{"preferredName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor JSI-1187","code":"C174203","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ERK1/2 inhibitor JSI-1187 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the serine/threonine-protein kinases ERK1 and ERK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 substrates and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent proliferation and survival of tumor cells. The MAPK/ERK pathway, also known as the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, is hyperactivated in a variety of tumor cell types due to mutations in upstream targets. It plays a key role in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERK Inhibitor JSI-1187","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor JSI-1187","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ERK1/2 Inhibitor JSI-1187","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 Inhibitor JSI-1187","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JSI 1187","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JSI-1187","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JSI1187","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801859"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801859"}]}}{"C173523":{"preferredName":"Extended Release Metformin Hydrochloride","code":"C173523","definitions":[{"description":"An extended-release (ER) tablet composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the biguanide metformin, with antihyperglycemic and potential prostate-cancer protective and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, metformin targets and inhibits complex I (NADPH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and increases the cellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ratio leading to activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). This modulates AMPK-mediated transcription of target genes, which prevents hepatic gluconeogenesis, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, enhances insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation, and increases glucose uptake and utilization in target tissues. This lowers blood glucose levels. Metformin may exert antineoplastic effects through AMPK-mediated or AMPK-independent inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is up-regulated in many cancer tissues. It also reduces cyclin D1. This inhibits cancer cell proliferation. Furthermore, this agent also inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression which is mediated through the suppression of transcription activator protein-1 (AP-1) activation. Also, metformin reduces hyperinsulinemia which may contribute to an anti-tumor effect. Metformin may increase the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time and may lower serum PSA levels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ER Metformin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extended Release Metformin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Extended Release Metformin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extended-release Metformin Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glucophage XR","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glumetza","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metformin Hydrochloride Extended Release","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802233"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802233"}]}}{"C173698":{"preferredName":"EZH1/2 Inhibitor HH2853","code":"C173698","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferases enhancer of zeste homolog 1 (EZH1) and 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EZH1/2 inhibitor HH2853 inhibits the activity of both wild-type and mutated forms of EZH1 and EZH2. Inhibition of EZH1/2 specifically prevents the methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways, enhances transcription of certain target genes, and results in decreased proliferation of EZH1/2-expressing cancer cells. EZH1/2, histone lysine methyltransferase (HMT) class enzymes and catalytic subunits of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), are overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, progression, stem cell self-renewal and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EZH1 and EZH2 Inhibitor HH2853","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EZH1/2 Inhibitor HH2853","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH 2853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH-2853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH2853","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802064"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802064"}]}}{"C167347":{"preferredName":"EZH2 inhibitor CPI-0209","code":"C167347","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferase (HMT) enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EZH2 inhibitor CPI-0209 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased proliferation of EZH2-expressing cancer cells. EZH2, an HMT class enzyme and the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancer cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation; its expression is correlated with tumor initiation, progression, stem cell self-renewal, migration and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPI 0209","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI-0209","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPI0209","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EZH2 inhibitor CPI-0209","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EZH2 inhibitor CPI-0209","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972321"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800217"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800217"}]}}{"C172193":{"preferredName":"FAK/ALK/ROS1 Inhibitor APG-2449","code":"C172193","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available kinase inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and the receptor tyrosine kinase C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALK/FAK/ROS1 inhibitor APG-2449 selectively binds to and inhibits ALK, FAK and ROS1 kinases. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK-, FAK- and ROS1-mediated signal transduction pathways and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-, FAK- and ROS1-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development; its dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a variety of tumors. The cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase FAK, a signal transducer for integrins, is upregulated and constitutively activated in various tumor types; it plays a key role in tumor cell migration, proliferation, survival, and tumor angiogenesis. ROS1, overexpressed in certain cancer cells, plays a key role in cell growth and survival of cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APG 2449","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG-2449","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APG2449","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAK/ALK/ROS1 Inhibitor APG-2449","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406284"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801583"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801583"}]}}{"C170894":{"preferredName":"FAP/4-1BB-targeting DARPin MP0310","code":"C170894","definitions":[{"description":"A designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPin)-based agent targeting the tumor-associated protein fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and the T-cell co-stimulatory immune receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the FAP/4-1BB-targeting DARPin MP0310 targets and binds to both FAP, localized on tumor stromal cells, and 4-1BB, expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. The simultaneous binding of FAP and 4-1BB results in local clustering of FAP-expressing tumor stromal cells and 4-1BB-expressing T-cells, and local immune cell activation through the promotion of T-cell activation, cytokine release and T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immune responses. 4-1BB, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity. FAP is abundantly expressed by cancer associated fibroblasts in the majority of solid tumors. Compared to antibodies, DARPins are small in size, have favorable pharmacokinetics and allow for both high affinity binding and efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMG 506","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAP x 4-1BB-targeting DARPin MP0310","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAP/4-1BB-targeting DARPin MP0310","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAP/4-1BB-targeting Designed Ankyrin Repeat Protein MP0310","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP 0310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP-0310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MP0310","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383054"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800803"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800803"}]}}{"C175490":{"preferredName":"FAP/4-1BB-targeting Fusion Protein RO7122290","code":"C175490","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific antibody-like fusion protein consisting of a trimeric ligand for the T-cell co-stimulatory immune receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9) and an antigen-binding fragment (Fab) moiety targeting the tumor-associated protein fibroblast activation protein (FAP), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the FAP/4-1BB-targeting fusion protein RO7122290 targets and binds to both FAP, localized on tumor stromal cells, and 4-1BB, expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. The simultaneous binding of FAP and 4-1BB results in local clustering of FAP-expressing tumor stromal cells and 4-1BB-expressing T-cells, and local immune cell activation through the promotion of T-cell activation, cytokine release and T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immune responses. 4-1BB, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity. FAP is abundantly expressed by cancer-associated fibroblasts in the majority of solid tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FAP/4-1BB-targeting Fusion Protein RO7122290","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FAP/4-1BB-targeting Fusion Protein RO7122290","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7122290","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-7122290","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7122290","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803283"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803283"}]}}{"C167326":{"preferredName":"Fas Ligand-treated Allogeneic Mobilized Peripheral Blood Cells","code":"C167326","definitions":[{"description":"A donor graft derived from allogeneic filgrastim (granulocyte-colony stimulating factor; G-CSF)-mobilized peripheral blood cells (MPBC) that have been incubated with the recombinant human Fas ligand (FasL) APO010 ex vivo, and that can potentially be used for immune reconstitution purposes. The incubation of the hematopoietic stem cell graft with the apoptotic mediator Fas ligand (FasL) selectively induces apoptosis of mature T-cells which express high levels of Fas receptor, such as T stem cell memory (TSCM), T central memory (TCM), and T effector memory (TEM) cells and the pro-inflammatory T-helper cells (Th) Th1 and Th17 subsets while sparing CD34-positive stem and progenitor cells. Upon washing and further ex vivo preparations, and upon allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with the FasL-treated allogeneic MPBCs, these cells provide hematopoietic cell recovery, preserve the graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effects, and may prevent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic Apograft Stem Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apograft-incubated Mobilized Peripheral Blood Stem Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apograft-treated Allogeneic MPBCs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apograft-treated MPBCs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fas Ligand-treated Allogeneic Mobilized Peripheral Blood Cell Product","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fas Ligand-treated Allogeneic Mobilized Peripheral Blood Cells","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fas Ligand-treated Allogeneic Mobilized Peripheral Blood Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FasL-treated Mobilized Peripheral Blood Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972303"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C170762":{"preferredName":"Fc-engineered Anti-CD40 Agonist Antibody 2141-V11","code":"C170762","definitions":[{"description":"A Fc-engineered agonistic antibody targeting the human B-cell surface antigen CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, 2141-V11 targets and binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, triggers the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activates T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), is expressed on various immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and B-cells, and plays a key role in the activation of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2141 V-11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2141 V11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2141-V11","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Agonist Antibody 2141-V11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-CD40 Agonistic Antibody 2141-V11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fc-engineered Anti-CD40 Agonist Antibody 2141-V11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fc-engineered Anti-CD40 Agonistic Antibody 2141-V11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fc-enhanced Anti-CD40 Antibody 2141-V11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383172"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800787"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800787"}]}}{"C175469":{"preferredName":"Fenretinide Phospholipid Suspension ST-001","code":"C175469","definitions":[{"description":"An intravenous formulation composed of a phospholipid suspension of nanoparticles containing the synthetic retinoid derivative fenretinide, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, fenretinide binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell types. Fenretinide also binds to and inhibits the activity of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which may result in both the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. Independent of RAR activation and mTOR inhibition, this agent may also modulate gene expression that leads to ceramide-induced, caspase-independent programmed cell death (PCD) via effectors such as ganglioside GD3 and reactive oxygen species (ROS).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fenretinide Phospholipid Suspension ST-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ST 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ST-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ST001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nanoFenretinide ST-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802915"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802915"}]}}{"C173964":{"preferredName":"FGFR Inhibitor CPL304110","code":"C173964","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR inhibitor CPL304110 binds to and inhibits FGFR, which results in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CPL 304110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPL-304110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPL304110","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR Inhibitor CPL304110","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PG19","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802158"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802158"}]}}{"C175460":{"preferredName":"FGFR/CSF-1R Inhibitor 3D185","code":"C175460","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) types 1, 2, and 3 (FGFR1/2/3) and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; CD115; M-CSFR), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, FGFR/CSF-1R inhibitor 3D185 binds to and inhibits FGFR1/2/3, which may result in the inhibition of FGFR1/2/3-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR1/2/3-overexpressing tumor cells. 3D185 also targets and binds to CSF1R, thereby blocking CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling. This inhibits the activities of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and prevents immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This enhances antitumor T-cell immune responses and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation, migration and survival. CSF1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (cluster of differentiation 115), is a cell-surface receptor that plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3D 185","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3D-185","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"3D185","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGFR/CSF-1R Inhibitor 3D185","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH185","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802839"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802839"}]}}{"C174208":{"preferredName":"FGFR2 Inhibitor RLY-4008","code":"C174208","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR2 inhibitor RLY-4008 binds to and inhibits FGFR2, which results in the inhibition of FGFR2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits the proliferation of FGFR2-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation, migration and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FGFR2 Inhibitor RLY-4008","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"FGFR2 Inhibitor RLY-4008","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 Inhibitor RLY-4008","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RLY 4008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RLY-4008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RLY4008","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803114"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803114"}]}}{"C174049":{"preferredName":"Flt3 Ligand/Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody/IL-12 Engineered Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus RIVAL-01","code":"C174049","definitions":[{"description":"An oncolytic vaccinia virus (VV; VACV) genetically engineered to express an Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3) ligand, an antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the Flt3 ligand/anti-CTLA-4 antibody/IL-12 engineered oncolytic VV RIVAL-01, the virus preferentially targets, infects and replicates in tumor cells, causing oncolysis. In turn, the lysed tumor cells release various tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), which induce an immune response against the tumor cells. In addition, the Flt3 ligand, the anti-ctla-4 antibody and IL-12 are expressed by the VV in the cancer cells and may activate the immune system within the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby stimulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. The anti-CTLA-4 antibody targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation, which promotes T-cell activation. Flt3 ligand binds to the Flt3 tyrosine kinase receptor and promotes Flt3 signaling which plays an important role in expanding the population of antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs). IL-12 activates natural killer cells (NKs), induces the secretion of interferon-gamma and promotes CD8 cytotoxic T-cell responses against tumor cells, which may result in immune-mediated tumor cell death and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Engineered Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus TBio-6517","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flt3 Ligand/Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody/IL-12 Engineered Oncolytic VV RIVAL-01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flt3 Ligand/Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody/IL-12 Engineered Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus RIVAL-01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Flt3 Ligand/Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody/IL-12 Engineered Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus RIVAL-01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIVAL 01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIVAL-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RIVAL01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-605","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TBio 6517","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TBio-6517","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TBio6517","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802460"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802460"}]}}{"C174517":{"preferredName":"FLT3/FGFR Dual Kinase Inhibitor MAX-40279","code":"C174517","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of FLT3/FGFR dual kinase inhibitor MAX-40279, this agent binds to and inhibits both FGFR and FLT3, including FLT3 mutant forms, which results in the inhibition of FGFR/FLT3-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR/FLT3-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is upregulated in many tumor cell types. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias. They both play key roles in cellular proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLT3/FGFR Dual Kinase Inhibitor MAX-40279","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLT3/FGFR Kinase Inhibitor MAX-40279","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAX 40279","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAX-40279","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAX-40279-01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAX40279","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Max 4","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802333"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802333"}]}}{"C172195":{"preferredName":"FLT3/KIT/CSF1R Inhibitor NMS-03592088","code":"C172195","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), the mast/stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR; KIT) and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; C-FMS; CD115; M-CSFR), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities Upon administration, FLT3/KIT/CSF1R inhibitor NMS-03592088 binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3, KIT and CSF1R. This prevents FLT3, KIT and CSF1R-mediated signaling and results in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing FLT3, KIT and CSF1R. In addition, NMS-03592088 binds to CSF1R expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and osteoclasts and inhibits the binding of the CSF1R ligands colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and interleukin-34 (IL-34), to CSF1R. This prevents CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling in these cells. This blocks the production of inflammatory mediators by macrophages and monocytes and reduces inflammation. By blocking the recruitment to the tumor microenvironment and activity of CSF1R-dependent tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), NMS-03592088 inhibits the immunomodulating activity by macrophages and enhances T-cell infiltration and antitumor T-cell immune responses, which inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. c-Kit, a transmembrane protein and receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed in solid tumors and hematological malignancies; it plays a key role in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation. CSF1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (cluster of differentiation 115), is a cell-surface receptor for its ligand colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) and plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLT3/KIT/CSF1R Inhibitor NMS-03592088","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMS 03592088","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMS P088","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMS-03592088","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMS03592088","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406095"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801585"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801585"}]}}{"C120100":{"preferredName":"Fluorine F 18 Ara-G","code":"C120100","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate composed of the guanosine analog arabinosyl guanine (Ara-G), a high-affinity substrate for both cytoplasmic deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) and mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase (dGK), labeled with fluorine F 18, that can potentially be used as a tracer for imaging of activated T-lymphocytes during positron emission tomography (PET). Upon administration, fluorine F 18 ara-G is taken up by and accumulates in activated T-lymphocytes with high levels of DCK and dGK. After phosphorylation by DCK and dGK, the 18F moiety can be visualized by PET imaging. Fluorine F 18 ara-G can potentially be used as an imaging agent to detect anti-tumor immune responses and to predict the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapies. DCK and dGK, both nucleoside salvage pathway enzymes, are overexpressed in activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(18F)F-Arag","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"18F-F-Ara-G","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2'-Deoxy-2'-[18F]Fluoro-9-beta-D-arabinofuranosylguanine","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Amino-9-((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3-fluoranyl-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-1H-purin-6-one","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"F-ARAG F-18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"F-ARAG F-18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorine F 18 Ara-G","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fluorine F 18 Ara-G","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VisAcT","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[18F]-AraG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[18F]F-AraG","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[18F]F-ara-G","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3896947"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1268848-88-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"X96PT3B08G"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767684"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"767684"}]}}{"C510":{"preferredName":"Folic Acid","code":"C510","definitions":[{"description":"A nutrient in the vitamin B complex that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Folate helps to make red blood cells. It is found in whole-grain breads and cereals, liver, green vegetables, orange juice, lentils, beans, and yeast. Folate is water-soluble (can dissolve in water) and must be taken in every day. Not enough folate can cause anemia (a condition in which the number of red blood cells is below normal), diseases of the heart and blood vessels, and defects in the brain and spinal cord in a fetus. Folate is being studied with vitamin B12 in the prevention and treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Synthetic folate in fortified foods and supplements containing a single glutamate molecule.","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"},{"description":"A collective term for pteroylglutamic acids and their oligoglutamic acid conjugates. As a natural water-soluble substance, folic acid is involved in carbon transfer reactions of amino acid metabolism, in addition to purine and pyrimidine synthesis, and is essential for hematopoiesis and red blood cell production. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[4-[(2-amino-4-oxo-1H-pteridin-6-yl)methylamino]benzoyl]aminopentanedioic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOLIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"FOLIC ACID","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Folacin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Folic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Folic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Folic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-(4-(((2-Amino-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-L-glutamic acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-[4-[[(2-Amino-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]-L-glutamic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pteroylmonoglutamic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Vitamin B9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin Bc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"folic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"3073"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016410"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"59-30-3"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"935E97BOY8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39641"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39641"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C19H19N7O6"},{"name":"US_Recommended_Intake","value":"Y* (*for women of childbearing age)"},{"name":"Tolerable_Level","value":"Y"},{"name":"INFOODS","value":"FOLAC"},{"name":"USDA_ID","value":"431"},{"name":"Unit","value":"mcg"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Folic_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:27470"}]}}{"C175475":{"preferredName":"Foritinib Succinate","code":"C175475","definitions":[{"description":"The succinate salt form of foritinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, foritinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK and ROS1, which leads to the disruption of ALK- and ROS1-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK- and ROS1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, foritinib is able to cross the blood brain barrier. ALK and ROS1, overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Foritinib Succinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAF 189s","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAF-189s","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAF189s","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802918"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802918"}]}}{"C165626":{"preferredName":"G Protein-coupled Estrogen Receptor Agonist LNS8801","code":"C165626","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable selective agonist of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1; GPER; GPER1; GPR30), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, LNS8801 targets, binds to and activates GPER. This activates GPER-mediated signaling and suppresses the expression of various tumor-associated genes, such as c-Myc and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). This leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. GPER activation may also induce immune memory. GPER is a membrane protein and a member of the G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are widely distributed in various tissues. GPER is a tumor suppressor in a wide range of cell cancer types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"G Protein-coupled Estrogen Receptor Agonist LNS8801","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"G Protein-coupled Estrogen Receptor Agonist LNS8801","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GPER Agonist LNS8801","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LNS 8801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LNS-8801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LNS8801","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978801"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799991"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799991"}]}}{"C165650":{"preferredName":"Gallium-based Bone Resorption Inhibitor AP-002","code":"C165650","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable gallium (Ga)-based small molecule agent with potential anti-bone resorption and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, AP-002 selectively inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption, and may promote the growth of osteoblasts thereby improving the skeletal sequelae of bony metastases which include pain, spinal cord compression, fractures and hypercalcemia of malignancy. Additionally, AP-002 may, through an as of yet undescribed mechanism of action, directly target and kill bone tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AP 002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP-002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AP002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallium-based Bone Resorption Inhibitor AP-002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gallium-based Bone Resorption Inhibitor AP-002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978946"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800117"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800117"}]}}{"C172199":{"preferredName":"GBM Antigens and Alloantigens Immunotherapeutic Vaccine","code":"C172199","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, immunotherapeutic vaccine composed of hydrolyzed and formulated glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) antigens and alloantigens derived from a pool of patients' cancer cells in the blood and samples of tumor tissues, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of the GBM antigens and alloantigens immunotherapeutic vaccine, the GBM antigens and alloantigens may stimulate the host immune system via antigen-presenting cells (APCs) lining the gut to mount an immune response against tumor cells expressing these antigens. This may lead to tumor cell death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GBM Antigens and Alloantigens Immunotherapeutic Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V-Boost","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"V-Boost Immunitor","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406091"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801582"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801582"}]}}{"C171371":{"preferredName":"Genetically Modified Interleukin-12 Transgene-encoding Bifidobacterium longum","code":"C171371","definitions":[{"description":"A live, genetically modified probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) engineered to deliver genetic material encoding the human pro-inflammatory transgene interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunoactivating activity. Upon administration of genetically modified IL-12 transgene-encoding B. longum, the bacteria selectively colonize hypoxic tumor tissues and deliver plasmid DNA encoding the IL-12 transgene within the tumor microenvironment (TME). IL-12 is translated in cells and activates the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NK cells), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma and promoting cytotoxic T-cell responses against tumor cells. This may result in both immune-mediated tumor cell death and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bifidobacterium longum Encoding IL-12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genetically Modified IL-12 Transgene-encoding Bifidobacterium longum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genetically Modified Interleukin-12 Transgene-encoding Bifidobacterium longum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bacTRL-IL-12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405492"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801308"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801308"}]}}{"C148486":{"preferredName":"Glofitamab","code":"C148486","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential antineoplastic activity. Glofitamab contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, glofitamab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the CD20-expressing tumor B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD20 x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody RO7082859","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLOFITAMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glofitamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glofitamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7082859","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7082859","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL551055"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"06P3KLK2J8"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792571"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792571"}]}}{"C165612":{"preferredName":"Glutaminase Inhibitor IPN60090","code":"C165612","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of glutaminase, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon oral administration, IPN60090 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits human glutaminase, an enzyme that is essential for the conversion of the amino acid glutamine into glutamate. Blocking glutamine metabolism inhibits proliferation in rapidly growing tumor cells and leads to an induction of cell death. Unlike normal healthy cells, glutamine-dependent tumors heavily rely on the intracellular conversion of exogenous glutamine into glutamate and glutamate metabolites to provide energy and generate building blocks for the production of macromolecules, which are needed for cellular growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glutaminase Inhibitor IPN60090","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glutaminase Inhibitor IPN60090","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPN 60090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPN-60090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IPN60090","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978797"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1874231-60-3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799989"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799989"}]}}{"C174038":{"preferredName":"Glutamine Antagonist DRP-104","code":"C174038","definitions":[{"description":"A broad acting glutamine antagonist, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, DON (6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine), the active moiety of DRP-104, irreversibly inhibits multiple enzymes involved in glutamine metabolism. Blocking glutamine metabolism inhibits proliferation in rapidly growing tumor cells and leads to an induction of cell death. Unlike normal healthy cells, glutamine-dependent tumors rely heavily on the intracellular conversion of exogenous glutamine into glutamate and glutamate metabolites to both provide energy and generate building blocks for the production of macromolecules, which are needed for cellular growth and survival. In addition, blocking glutamine metabolism leads to the accumulation of glutamine in tumor cells and increases glutamine concentration in the tumor microenvironment (TME) upon tumor cell death. As glutamine is essential for T-cell generation, DON may also enhance T-cell proliferation and activation in the TME, which may lead to further killing of tumor cells. The conversion of DRP-104 to the active moiety DON occurs primarily in tumor cells, allowing glutamine metabolism in healthy cells which may lessen adverse effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DRP 104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DRP-104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DRP104","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glutamine Antagonist DRP-104","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glutamine Antagonist DRP-104","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802458"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802458"}]}}{"C174039":{"preferredName":"HER2 Inhibitor DZD1516","code":"C174039","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, blood brain barrier (BBB) penetrable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HER2 inhibitor DZD1516 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of HER2. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DZD 1516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DZD-1516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DZD1516","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 Inhibitor DZD1516","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HER2 Inhibitor DZD1516","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802459"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802459"}]}}{"C172279":{"preferredName":"HER2 Tri-specific Natural Killer Cell Engager DF1001","code":"C172279","definitions":[{"description":"An engineered molecule based on tri-specific natural killer (NK) cell engager therapies (TriNKET) that is directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, HER2 tri-specific NK cell engager DF1001 targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells and simultaneously binds to NK cells, thereby bringing HER2-expressing tumor cells and NK cells together, which stimulates the NK cells and results in the selective NK cell-mediated tumor cell lysis of HER2-expressing tumor cells. The binding of HER2-expressing tumor cells and NK cells may also lead to the activation of T-cells and B-cells, potentiating the immune response against HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) mutated or overexpressed in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DF 1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DF-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DF1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 Tri-specific NK Cell Engager DF1001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2 Tri-specific Natural Killer Cell Engager DF1001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HER2 Tri-specific Natural Killer Cell Engager DF1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tri-specific NK Cell Engager DF1001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tri-specific Natural Killer Cell Engager DF1001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406166"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801897"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801897"}]}}{"C174010":{"preferredName":"HER2-directed TLR8 Agonist SBT6050","code":"C174010","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) conjugated to a Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8; CD288) agonist, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of the HER2-directed TLR8 agonist SBT6050, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells, thereby localizing the TLR8 agonist directly to the tumor site. In turn, the TLR8 agonist moiety binds to TLR8 expressed on myeloid cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This activates myeloid cells, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), myeloid cell-derived suppressive cells (MDSCs), and conventional dendritic cells (cDCs). This may lead to the activation of nuclear factor NF-kappa-B, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, macrophage-induced tumor cell killing, inflammasome activation, activation of cytolytic natural killer (NK) cells and neutrophils, and the induction of a Th1-weighted anti-tumor immune response. It also reverses the suppression of senescent naive and tumor-specific T-cells, and enhances the anti-tumor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response. TLR8, like other TLRs, recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and plays a key role in innate and adaptive immunity. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HER2-directed TLR8 Agonist SBT6050","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HER2-directed TLR8 Agonist SBT6050","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HER2-directed TLR8 ImmunoTAC SBT6050","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ImmunoTAC SBT6050","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SBT 6050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SBT-6050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SBT6050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR8 Agonist-HER2-directed Monoclonal Antibody Conjugate SBT6050","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802452"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802452"}]}}{"C170918":{"preferredName":"HIF2a RNAi ARO-HIF2","code":"C170918","definitions":[{"description":"An RNA interference (RNAi) targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 2alpha (HIF-2a), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of HIF2a RNAi ARO-HIF2, the agent binds to and neutralizes mRNA HIF2a, thereby preventing the production of HIF2a. This may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. HIF2a, overexpressed in certain cell types, plays a key role in proliferation, progression and metastasis of tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARO HIF2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARO-HIF2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AROHIF2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HIF2a RNAi ARO-HIF2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HIF2a RNAi ARO-HIF2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RNA Interference Therapeutic ARO-HIF2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRiM ARO-HIF2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Targeted RNAi Molecule ARO-HIF2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383073"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801198"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801198"}]}}{"C173149":{"preferredName":"HPV 16 E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-202","code":"C173149","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of replication-attenuated arenavirus encoding the inactivated fusion protein of the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV) serotype 16, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, HPV 16 E6/E7-encoding arenavirus vaccine HB-202 induces expression of the E6/E7 proteins and stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HPV16 E6 and E7, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Oncoproteins E6 and E7 play a key role in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arenavirus Vector-based Vaccine HB-202","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arenavirus Vector-based Vaccine-expressing HPV 16 E7E6 HB-202","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB 202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB-202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB-202 Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB202","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV 16 E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-202","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HPV 16 E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-202","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1407016"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802056"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802056"}]}}{"C167349":{"preferredName":"HPV E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-201","code":"C167349","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a replication-attenuated arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) encoding the inactivated fusion protein of the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV) serotype 16, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, HPV E6/E7-encoding arenavirus vaccine HB-201 induces expression of the E6/E7 proteins and stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HPV16 E6 and E7, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Oncoproteins E6 and E7 play a key role in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arenavirus Vector-based Vaccine HB-201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arenavirus Vector-based Vaccine-expressing HPV 16 E7E6 HB-201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB 201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB-201 Cancer Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HB201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HPV E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972322"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800472"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800472"}]}}{"C173718":{"preferredName":"HPV6/11-targeted DNA Plasmid Vaccine INO-3107","code":"C173718","definitions":[{"description":"A DNA vaccine consisting of plasmids encoding E6 and E7 genes of human papilloma virus subtype 6 (HPV-6) and 11 (HPV-11), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration via intramuscular electroporation, the HPV-6/11-targeted DNA plasmid vaccine INO-3107 expresses the HPV-6/11 E6 and E7 proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that are expressing HPV6 and/or HPV11 E6 and E7 proteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis. HPV-6/11 infections are associated with aerodigestive malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-6/11-targeting Immunotherapeutic Vaccine INO-3107","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV6/11-targeted DNA Plasmid Immunotherapeutic INO-3107","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV6/11-targeted DNA Plasmid Vaccine INO-3107","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"HPV6/11-targeted DNA Plasmid Vaccine INO-3107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO 3107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO-3107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INO3107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802021"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802021"}]}}{"C173550":{"preferredName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor TQB3474","code":"C173550","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Hsp90 inhibitor TQB3474 specifically blocks Hsp90, which inhibits its chaperone function and promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90, a chaperone complex protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types, regulates the folding and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor TQB3474","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor TQB3474","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB 3474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB-3474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB3474","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801900"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801900"}]}}{"C172190":{"preferredName":"Hsp90-targeted Photosensitizer HS-201","code":"C172190","definitions":[{"description":"A conjugate consisting of a heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor connected via a linker to verteporfin, a photosensitizing agent, with potential imaging, photodynamic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the Hsp90 inhibitor moiety of HS-201 selectively binds to the Hsp90 ATP binding domain in tumor cells and HS-201 accumulates in tumor cells. The verteporfin moiety of HS-201 allows for visualization and photodynamic therapy of the tumors. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding, stability and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins. Verteporfin is a synthetic photosensitizer with photodynamic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HS 201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HS-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HS201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90 Inhibitor-linked Verteporfin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hsp90-targeted Photosensitizer HS-201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406287"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801530"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801530"}]}}{"C173339":{"preferredName":"Hyaluronidase-zzxf/Pertuzumab/Trastuzumab","code":"C173339","definitions":[{"description":"A ready-to-use fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab, both recombinant humanized monoclonal antibodies directed against the tyrosine kinase receptor (TKR) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; HER-2; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2), and hyaluronidase-zzxf, a biosimilar of the recombinant form of the naturally occurring endoglycosidase hyaluronidase, with antineoplastic activity that can be used for the treatment of HER2-overexpressing breast cancers. Upon subcutaneous administration, hyaluronidase-zzxf temporarily breaks down the hyaluronan barrier, which decreases viscosity of, and allows both pertuzumab and trastuzumab to spread rapidly through the interstitial space. This improves access to lymphatic and capillary vessels and facilitates the absorption of both antibodies into the bloodstream. Pertuzumab targets and binds to the extracellular dimerization domain (subdomain II) of HER2 and blocks ligand-dependent heterodimerization of HER2 with other HER family members, including EGFR, HER3 and HER4. This inhibits ligand-initiated intracellular signaling and prevents the activation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways, leading to growth arrest and apoptosis in HER2-overexpressing tumor cells, respectively. Trastuzumab targets and binds to subdomain IV of HER2 and inhibits ligand-independent, HER2 mediated cell proliferation and inhibits the PI3K signaling pathway in HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. Both antibodies induce an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2 is overexpressed in many adenocarcinomas, particularly breast adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyaluronidase-zzxf/Pertuzumab/Trastuzumab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hyaluronidase-zzxf/Pertuzumab/Trastuzumab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pertuzumab, Trastuzumab, and Hyaluronidase-zzxf","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pertuzumab/Trastuzumab/Hyaluronidase-zzxf","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phesgo","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"HER2 overexpressing breast cancer"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801876"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801876"}]}}{"C175542":{"preferredName":"IDH1 Mutant Inhibitor LY3410738","code":"C175542","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of mutant form of the isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1; IDH-1; IDH1 [NADP+] soluble), including the substitution mutation at arginine (R) in position 132, IDH1(R132), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, IDH1 mutant inhibitor LY3410738 specifically and covalently binds to and modifies a single cysteine (Cys269) in the allosteric binding pocket of mutant forms of IDH1, thereby inactivating IDH1. This inhibits the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This depletes 2-HG levels, prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells expressing mutant forms of IDH1. In addition, LY3410738 has the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). IDH1 mutations, including IDH1(R132) mutations, are highly expressed in certain malignancies, including gliomas; they initiate and drive cancer growth by both blocking cell differentiation and catalyzing the formation of 2HG.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDH1 Inhibitor LY3410738","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IDH1 Mutant Inhibitor LY3410738","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDH1 Mutant Inhibitor LY3410738","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3410738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3410738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3410738","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803295"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803295"}]}}{"C171343":{"preferredName":"IDO/TDO Inhibitor LY-01013","code":"C171343","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1) and the kynurenine-producing hepatic enzyme tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1/TDO inhibitor LY-01013 specifically targets and binds to both IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine, and TDO, a hepatic enzyme catalyzing the first step of tryptophan degradation. By inhibiting IDO1 and TDO, LY-01013 decreases kynurenine levels in tumor cells, restores tryptophan and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells and T-lymphocytes. This reduces the number of tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and activates the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the IDO1/TDO-expressing tumor cells, thereby inhibiting the growth of the tumor cells. IDO1 and TDO, both overexpressed by multiple tumor cell types, play important roles in immunosuppression and the promotion of tumor cell survival and proliferation. Tryptophan depletion inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation, and subsequently suppresses the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDO/TDO Inhibitor LY-01013","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LPM 3480226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LPM-3480226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LPM3480226","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 01013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-01013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY01013","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405462"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801300"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801300"}]}}{"C168808":{"preferredName":"IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor M4112","code":"C168808","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of both the enzymes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2; TDO-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1/TDO2 inhibitor M4112 targets, binds to and inhibits both IDO1 and TDO2, which catalyze the first and rate-limiting step in the production of the immunosuppressive transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand kynurenine (Kyn). This inhibits the IDO1/TDO2-Kyn-AhR pathway and abrogates AhR activation. This prevents the activation of immune-tolerant dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and may restore the immune response by stimulating a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells in which IDO1 and/or TDO2 are overexpressed. The IDO1/TDO2-KYN-AhR pathway is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in immunosuppression. Its expression is correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor M4112","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor M4112","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase-1/Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase 2 Inhibitor M4112","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 4112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M-4112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M4112","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MS201408-0005","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1378711"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800701"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800701"}]}}{"C166375":{"preferredName":"IL-12sc, IL-15sushi, IFNa and GM-CSF mRNA-based Immunotherapeutic Agent SAR441000","code":"C166375","definitions":[{"description":"An immunotherapeutic agent utilizing mRNA to encode the cytokines interleukin-12sc (IL-12sc), interleukin-15sushi (IL-15sushi), interferon alpha (IFNa) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration of IL-12sc, IL-15sushi, IFNa and GM-CSF mRNA-based immunotherapeutic agent SAR441000, mRNA is picked up by nearby cells, translated and released into the local tumor microenvironment (TME). Secretion of these cytokines activate the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NKs) and inducing cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses, which may result in an immune-mediated destruction of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BNT 131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNT-131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNT131","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-12sc, IL-15sushi, IFNa and GM-CSF mRNA-based Immunotherapeutic Agent SAR441000","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IL-12sc, IL-15sushi, IFNa and GM-CSF mRNA-based Immunotherapeutic Agent SAR441000","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 441000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-441000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR441000","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971627"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800230"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800230"}]}}{"C170893":{"preferredName":"Inactivated Oncolytic Virus Particle GEN0101","code":"C170893","definitions":[{"description":"An inactivated, non-replicating particle of hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ), an oncolytic virus of the paramyxovirus family, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intracutaneous administration, GEN0101 targets and binds to the cytosolic nucleic acid receptor retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I). This induces RIG-I-mediated signaling and a potent innate immune response against tumor cells, leading to the activation of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL), and apoptosis in tumor cells. GEN0101 also activates dendritic cells (DCs) to produce cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), suppressing the function of regulatory T cells (Treg), a negative regulator of immune responses. The suppression of Treg activity helps maintain the induced immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GEN 0101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN-0101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN0101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HVJ-E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inactivated HVJ Particle GEN0101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inactivated HVJ-E GEN0101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inactivated HVJ-E Immunotherapy GEN0101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inactivated Hemagglutinating Virus of Japan Envelope GEN0101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inactivated Hemagglutinating Virus of Japan Envelope Immunotherapy GEN0101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inactivated Oncolytic Virus Particle GEN0101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-replicating Oncolytic Virus Particle GEN0101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383056"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800846"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800846"}]}}{"C171392":{"preferredName":"Individualized MVA-based Vaccine TG4050","code":"C171392","definitions":[{"description":"An off-the-shelf (OTS) individualized vaccine comprised of a modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Following administration of the individualized MVA-based vaccine TG4050, the neoantigens are expressed and presented to the immune system, which induces the activation of a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing the patient-specific neoantigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Individualized MVA-based Vaccine TG4050","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Individualized MVA-based Vaccine TG4050","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-Neoantigen Vaccine TG4050","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen-expressing MVA-based Vaccine TG4050","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG 4050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG-4050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG4050","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TG4050 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405501"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801297"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801297"}]}}{"C172187":{"preferredName":"iNKT Cell Agonist ABX196","code":"C172187","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic glycolipid agonist for natural killer T-cells (NKTs) expressing an invariant (alpha, beta) T-cell receptor (iNKTs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion of the iNKT cell agonist ABX196, this agent targets and binds to iNKTs, thereby activating iNKTs. In turn, iNKTs recognize CD1d-restricted lipid ligands, which are expressed on certain tumor cells, and secrete large amounts of various cytokines. This may activate the immune system against tumor cells. Additionally, iNKTs directly target and lyse tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABX 196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABX-196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABX196","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invariant NKT Cell Agonist ABX196","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iNKT Cell Agonist ABX196","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"iNKT Cell Agonist ABX196","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406290"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801520"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801520"}]}}{"C173371":{"preferredName":"Interleukin-12-Fc Fusion Protein DF6002","code":"C173371","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein composed of human interleukin-12 (IL-12) fused to a Fc fragment, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of IL-12-Fc fusion protein DF6002, the IL-12 moiety binds to the IL-12 receptor. This may activate the immune system by promoting the secretion of interferon-gamma, activating natural killer cells (NKs), and inducing cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses, which may result in both decreased tumor cell proliferation and enhanced immune-mediated destruction of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DF 6002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DF-6002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DF6002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-12-Fc Fusion Protein DF6002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-12-Fc Fusion Protein DF6002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Interleukin-12-Fc Fusion Protein DF6002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801838"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801838"}]}}{"C171385":{"preferredName":"Interleukin-15 Agonist Fusion Protein SHR1501","code":"C171385","definitions":[{"description":"A human Fc fusion protein composed of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 cross-linked with the high-affinity binding sushi domain of IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SHR-1501 activates and increases the levels of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-cells without stimulating regulatory T-cells (Tregs). The memory T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. This may increase tumor cell killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. IL-15 regulates CD8+ T and NK cell development, activation and proliferation. SHR1501 is more potent than unmodified IL-15 and does not require endogenous IL-15Ra for its action. The Fc moiety allows for an extended half-life of SHR-1501 while cross linking IL-15 with IL-15Ra sushi domain improves stability.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL-15 Agonist Fusion Protein SHR1501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-15 Super-agonist SHR1501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-15 Agonist Fusion Protein SHR1501","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Sushi+ Domain Fusion Protein SHR1501","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR 1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR-1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHR1501","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405483"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801247"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801247"}]}}{"C172075":{"preferredName":"Interleukin-15 Fusion Protein BJ-001","code":"C172075","definitions":[{"description":"A human fusion protein composed of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 linked with an integrins-targeting moiety, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, the integrins-targeting moiety of BJ-001 targets tumor cells that overexpress integrins such as alpha v beta 3 (avb3), alpha v beta 5 (avb5) and alpha v beta 6 (avb6) and the IL-15 moiety binds to the IL-2/IL-15 receptor beta-common gamma chain (IL-2Rbetagamma) receptor on natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-lymphocytes. This activates and increases the levels of NK cells and memory CD8+ T-cells. The memory T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. This may increase tumor cell killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. IL-15 regulates CD8+ T- and NK cell development, activation and proliferation. Integrins are involved in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis and they are overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types. The linkage of the two moieties may limit the effects of IL-15 to the local tumor microenvironment (TME), increasing efficacy while reducing systemic toxicities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BJ 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BJ-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BJ001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-15 Fusion Protein BJ-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-15 Fusion Protein BJ-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Interleukin-15 Fusion Protein BJ-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406211"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802006"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802006"}]}}{"C170890":{"preferredName":"Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Complex-Fc Fusion Protein XmAb24306","code":"C170890","definitions":[{"description":"An interleukin (IL)-15/IL-15-receptor alpha (IL-15Ra) complex fused to a bispecific Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, XmAb24306 stimulates the proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-cells. The memory T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. This may increase tumor cell killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. IL-15 regulates CD8+ T and NK cell development, activation and proliferation. XmAb24306 does not require endogenous IL-15Ra for its activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL15/IL15Ra Complex-Fc Fusion Protein XmAb24306","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL15/IL15Ra-Fc Fusion Protein XmAb24306","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Complex-Fc Fusion Protein XmAb24306","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Complex-Fc Fusion Protein XmAb24306","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO 7310729","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO-7310729","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RO7310729","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb 24306","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb-24306","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XmAb24306","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383037"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801195"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801195"}]}}{"C170516":{"preferredName":"Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Sushi+ Domain Fusion Protein SO-C101","code":"C170516","definitions":[{"description":"A human fusion protein consisting of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 and the high-affinity binding sushi+ domain of IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, SO-C101 activates and increases the levels of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-cells. The memory T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. This may increase tumor cell killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. IL-15 regulates CD8+ T and NK cell development, activation and proliferation. SO-C101 is more potent than unmodified IL-15 and does not require endogenous IL-15Ra for its action.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL-15/IL-15 Receptor Alpha Sushi+ Domain Fusion Protein SO-C101","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Sushi+ Domain Fusion Protein SO-C101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Sushi+ Domain Fusion Protein SO-C101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RLI 15","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RLI-15","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RLI15","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SO C101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SO-C101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOC101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1382942"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801174"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801174"}]}}{"C171348":{"preferredName":"Iodine I 131 IPA","code":"C171348","definitions":[{"description":"A radioconjugate consisting of the tumor-specific amino acid derivative 4-iodo-L-phenylalanine labeled with iodine I 131, a beta emitting radionuclide, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, iodine I 131 IPA actively crosses the blood-brain barrier and accumulates specifically in gliomas, via the amino acid transport system l-amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) over-expressed in malignant glioma cells. where it delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. Cells that are exposed to radiation may also release potent toxins into the intracellular environment, leading to radiation-induced biological bystander effects (RIBBE) and killing cells not directly exposed to the radiation. Iodine I 131 IPA may also act synergistically with external irradiation due to its radiosensitizing property.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"131I-IPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-L-[131I]iodo-phenylalanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"4-[131I]iodo-L-phenylalanine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"I-131 IPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine I 131 IPA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iodine-131 IPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405459"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801303"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801303"}]}}{"C170800":{"preferredName":"iPSC-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing Anti-CD19 CAR-NK Cells FT596","code":"C170800","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic, off-the-shelf, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-natural killer (NK) cell product derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, and engineered to express a NK cell-specific anti-CD19 CAR, a high-affinity, non-cleavable CD16 (hnCD16) Fc receptor, and a recombinant fusion of IL-15 and IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15RF), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, iPSC-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing Anti-CD19 CAR-NK Cells FT596 recognize, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. IL-15RF enhances the cytotoxic effect of the NK cells and the activated anti-tumor T-cells. When used in combination with monoclonal antibodies, the hnCD16 Fc receptor of FT596 binds to the Fc portion of tumor cell-bound monoclonal antibodies, leading to NK cell activation, cytokine secretion and enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. CD16, also known as Fc-gamma receptor III, is normally expressed on the surface of NK cells, neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages, and plays a key role in initiating ADCC. It is often downregulated in certain cancers, thereby inhibiting the anti-tumor immune response.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FT 596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT-596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FT596","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing Anti-CD19 CAR-NK Cells FT596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iPSC-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing Anti-CD19 CAR-NK Cells FT596","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"iPSC-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing Anti-CD19 CAR-NK Cells FT596","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iPSC-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing Anti-CD19 CAR-Natural Killer Cells FT596","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383208"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801177"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801177"}]}}{"C165639":{"preferredName":"Irradiated Allogeneic Human Lung Cancer Cells Expressing OX40L-Ig Vaccine HS-130","code":"C165639","definitions":[{"description":"An allogeneic irradiated human lung cancer cell vaccine expressing a fusion protein composed of the OX40 ligand (OX40L) linked to an immunoglobulin (Ig) (OX40L-Ig), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of irradiated allogeneic human lung cancer cells expressing OX40L-Ig vaccine HS-130, the irradiated lung cancer cells continuously express OX40L-Ig. OX40L may then target, bind to and activate its cognate receptor, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4; OX40; CD134), which is expressed on activated T-cells. OX40L/OX40 binding promotes increased cytokine production, and induces the proliferation and activation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes against the human lung cancer cells. In turn, this promotes a CTL-mediated immune response against the endogenous lung cancer cells. OX40L, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family, provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HS 130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HS-130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HS130","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Irradiated Allogeneic Human Lung Cancer Cells Expressing OX40L-Ig Vaccine HS-130","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978790"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799760"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799760"}]}}{"C1138":{"preferredName":"Itraconazole","code":"C1138","definitions":[{"description":"A drug used to prevent or treat fungal infections. It belongs to the family of drugs called antifungal agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A synthetic triazole agent with antimycotic properties. Formulated for both topical and systemic use, itraconazole preferentially inhibits fungal cytochrome P450 enzymes, resulting in a decrease in fungal ergosterol synthesis. Because of its low toxicity profile, this agent can be used for long-term maintenance treatment of chronic fungal infections. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(+-)-1-sec-Butyl-4-(p-(4-(p-(((2R*,4S*)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-1-piperazinyl)phenyl)-delta(sup 2)-1,2,4-triazolin-5-one","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ITRACONAZOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Itraconazole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Itraconazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lozanoc","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oriconazole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"R 51,211","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sporanox","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"itraconazole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0064113"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"84625-61-6"},{"name":"Accepted_Therapeutic_Use_For","value":"Fungal Infections"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"304NUG5GF4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39106"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39106"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C35H38Cl2N8O4"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Itraconazole"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:6076"}]}}{"C172200":{"preferredName":"JAK Inhibitor","code":"C172200","definitions":[{"description":"Any agent that targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of one or more of the Janus kinase family of enzymes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JAK Inhibitor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"JAK Inhibitor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406090"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802011"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802011"}]}}{"C168608":{"preferredName":"Kanitinib","code":"C168608","definitions":[{"description":"A tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR; MET) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, kanitinib targets and binds to c-Met and VEGFR2, thereby disrupting c-Met- and VEGFR2-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met and/or VEGFR2 protein. c-Met and VEGFR2 are both overexpressed in many tumor cell types and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CX 1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX1003","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kanitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972814"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800350"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800350"}]}}{"C173995":{"preferredName":"KRAS G12C Inhibitor GDC-6036","code":"C173995","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor GDC-6036 selectively targets the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS G12C mutant-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GDC 6036","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC-6036","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GDC6036","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRAS G12C Inhibitor GDC-6036","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"KRAS G12C Inhibitor GDC-6036","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802450"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802450"}]}}{"C166410":{"preferredName":"KRAS G12C Inhibitor LY3499446","code":"C166410","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LY3499446 targets and covalently binds to cytosine 12 within the switch II pocket of GDP-bound KRAS G12C, thereby inhibiting mutant KRAS-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KRAS G12C Inhibitor LY3499446","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"KRAS G12C Inhibitor LY3499446","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY 3499446","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3499446","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3499446","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971660"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800237"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800237"}]}}{"C167157":{"preferredName":"KRASG12C Inhibitor JNJ-74699157","code":"C167157","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the oncogenic Kirsten rat sarcoma virus homolog KRAS glycine-to-cysteine substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration JNJ-74699157 targets and binds to cytosine 12 within the switch II pocket of GDP-bound KRAS G12C, thereby inhibiting mutant KRAS-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARS 3248","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARS-3248","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARS3248","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G12C Mutant KRAS Protein Inhibitor JNJ-74699157","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ 74699157","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-74699157","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ74699157","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KRASG12C Inhibitor JNJ-74699157","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"KRASG12C Inhibitor JNJ-74699157","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972386"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800416"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800416"}]}}{"C173559":{"preferredName":"LAIR-2 Fusion Protein NC410","code":"C173559","definitions":[{"description":"A fusion protein of leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptor (LAIR)-2, a high-affinity collagen receptor, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, LAIR-2 fusion protein NC410 binds to the ligand collagen of LAIR-1 (CD305), thereby blocking the binding of LAIR-1 to its ligand collagen and inhibiting LAIR-1-mediated immune suppression. This may result in enhanced T-cell and dendritic cell (DC) activities, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and anti-tumor immune responses. LAIR-1, a collagen-receptor and an inhibitory immune receptor belonging to the Ig superfamily, is expressed on many peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) including T-cells and DCs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LAIR-2 Fusion Protein NC410","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LAIR-2 Fusion Protein NC410","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukocyte-associated Immunoglobulin-like Receptor-2 Fusion Protein NC410","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC 410","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC-410","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NC410","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801912"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801912"}]}}{"C172062":{"preferredName":"Larotinib Mesylate","code":"C172062","definitions":[{"description":"The mesylate salt form of larotinib, a reversible pan-ErbB inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, larotinib binds to and inhibits ErbB tyrosine receptor kinases, which may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis in tumors expressing ErbB. The ErbB protein family, also called the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Larotinib Mesylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z 650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z-650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z650","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406186"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801495"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801495"}]}}{"C165685":{"preferredName":"Lilotomab","code":"C165685","definitions":[{"description":"A murine immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the CD37 antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lilotomab both activates the immune system to induce an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD37-overexpressing tumor cells and induces apoptosis in these tumor cells. CD37 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed at high-levels on B-cells and to a lesser extent on T-cells and myeloid cells, and is frequently overexpressed in certain B-cell malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-CD37 Monoclonal Antibody HH1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HH1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LILOTOMAB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lilotomab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lilotomab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978919"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1453362-55-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"58I6YNR7BV"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800126"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800126"}]}}{"C170753":{"preferredName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating Glutathione S-transferase P siRNA NBF-006","code":"C170753","definitions":[{"description":"A biodegradable, lyophilized lipid nanoparticle (LNP) encapsulating small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) directed against glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of LNP encapsulating GSTP siRNA NBF-006, the LNP formulation delivers the siRNA particles to the tumor cells where the GSTP siRNA targets and binds to GSTP mRNA. This results in the inhibition of the translation and expression of GSTP and may inhibit proliferation of KRAS-overexpressing tumor cells. GSTP, an enzyme overexpressed in many tumor cell types, is involved in modulating MAP kinase-related cell-signaling pathways.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating GSTP siRNA NBF-006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating Glutathione S-transferase P siRNA NBF-006","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBF 006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBF-006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NBF006","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"siRNA-based LNP NBF-006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"siRNA-based Lipid Nanoparticle NBF-006","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383151"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800779"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800779"}]}}{"C170743":{"preferredName":"Liposomal Bcl-2 Antisense Oligonucleotide BP1002","code":"C170743","definitions":[{"description":"A liposomal-based nanoparticle composed of an uncharged P-ethoxy antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) targeting Bcl-2 mRNA and incorporated in liposomes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of liposomal Bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide BP1002, this agent targets and hybridizes with Bcl-2 mRNA and inhibits the expression of Bcl-2 protein. This may induce tumor cell apoptosis of Bcl2-overexpressing tumor cells and may decrease tumor cell proliferation. Bcl2, a protein involved in regulating programmed cell death, is overexpressed in a wide variety of tumors. It promotes cellular survival and inhibits apoptosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BP 1002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP-100-1.02","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP-1002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BP1002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-Bcl-2 Antisense Oligonucleotide BP1002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Bcl-2 Antisense BP1002","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposomal Bcl-2 Antisense Oligonucleotide BP1002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383140"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800679"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800679"}]}}{"C18208":{"preferredName":"Liposome","code":"C18208","definitions":[{"description":"A very tiny, fat-like particle that is made in the laboratory. In medicine, liposomes containing drugs or other substances are used in the treatment of cancer and other diseases. Drugs given in liposomes may have fewer side effects and work better than the same drugs given alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Substances composed of layers of lipid that form hollow microscopic spheres within which drugs or agents could be contained for enhanced safety and efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liposomal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"liposome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023828"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liposome"}]}}{"C174421":{"preferredName":"Liposome-encapsulated TAAs mRNA Vaccine W_ova1","code":"C174421","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine consisting of messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding three tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) specific for ovarian cancer that are encapsulated in liposomes, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the liposome-encapsulated TAAs mRNA vaccine W_ova1, the liposomes bind to the plasma membrane of cells and release the mRNA into the cells. The mRNA is then translated by ribosomes to produce the TAAs. The TAAs are presented to the immune system which may activate both humoral and cellular immune responses against the ovarian cancer cells expressing these TAAs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BNT-115","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome Formulated mRNA Vaccine W_ova1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposome-encapsulated TAAs mRNA Vaccine W_ova1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"W_ova1","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"W_ova1 Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mRNA Vaccine W_ova1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802273"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802273"}]}}{"C172395":{"preferredName":"LMP2-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes","code":"C172395","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane proteins (LMP) 1 and 2, and EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the autologous LMP1/LMP2/EBNA1-specific, HLA-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted TCR-expressing T-lymphocytes YT-E001 recognize and bind to HLA-presented EBV peptides, which may promote cell death and inhibit the growth of tumor cells expressing LMP1, LMP2 or EBNA1. LMP1, LMP2, and EBNA1 are expressed in various, EBV-associated malignancies, including nasopharyngeal cancer and EBV-positive Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LMP2 Antigen-specific TCR T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMP2-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406351"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801627"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801627"}]}}{"C169060":{"preferredName":"LMP7 Inhibitor M3258","code":"C169060","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, potent, selective, reversible inhibitor of the large multifunctional peptidase 7 (LMP7, Beta5i, PSMB8), a chymotrypsin-like, proteolytic subunit of the immunoproteasome, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LMP7 inhibitor M3258 targets and inhibits the proteolytic activity of the LMP7 subunit of immunoproteasome, thereby blocking its deubiquitylating activity. This blocks the ubiquitin proteasome degradation pathway, prevents the degradation of defective proteins, and leads to an accumulation of poly-ubiquitylated proteins. This induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) and results in both the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell growth. Proteasomes are large multi-subunit protease complexes that degrade unneeded or damaged proteins that have been ubiquitinated, thereby restoring protein homeostasis. Unlike the constitutive proteasome, which is expressed in most tissues, immunoproteasome is specifically present in normal and malignant hematopoietic cells, including multiple myeloma. Immunoproteasome degrades ubiquitinated proteins, generates peptides for presentation on MHC class I, and plays a key role in the adaptive immune response and inflammatory diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoproteasome Inhibitor M3258","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMP7 Inhibitor M3258","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LMP7 Inhibitor M3258","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M 3258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M-3258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M3258","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1378863"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800618"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800618"}]}}{"C171102":{"preferredName":"LRP5 Antagonist BI 905681","code":"C171102","definitions":[{"description":"An antagonist of the lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) 5, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, LRP5 antagonist BI 905681 targets and binds to LRP5, thereby blocking the binding of Wnt ligands to LRP5. This prevents the formation of the serpentine receptor Frizzled (FZD)-Wnt-LRP5 trimeric complex and prevents the inactivation of the beta-catenin degradation complex, which leads to beta-catenin degradation. This inhibits the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, prevents the beta-catenin-mediated activation of Wnt target genes, and inhibits the proliferation and survival of Wnt/beta-catenin-driven tumor cells. In addition, inhibition of Wnt signaling by BI 905681 prevents Wnt-mediated immune escape, thereby re-activating the immune system, specifically inducing the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and activation as well as infiltration of cytotoxic T-cells into the tumor tissue. The FZD-Wnt-LRP5 trimeric complex induces phosphorylation of LRP5 intracellular domain leading to inactivation of the beta-catenin degradation complex, allowing beta-catenin accumulation; stabilized beta-catenin enters the nucleus and acts as a transcriptional activator of Wnt target genes. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival, and resistance to immunotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 905681","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-905681","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI905681","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LRP5 Antagonist BI 905681","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"LRP5 Antagonist BI 905681","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405341"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802154"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802154"}]}}{"C173722":{"preferredName":"LSD1 Inhibitor SYHA1807","code":"C173722","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1; KDM1A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LSD1 inhibitor SYHA1807 targets, binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone 3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor suppressor genes. This may lead to an inhibition of cell growth in LSD1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, LSD1 demethylates mono- or di-methylated H3K9 which increases gene expression of tumor promoting genes; inhibition of LSD1 promotes H3K9 methylation and decreases transcription of these genes. LSD1 is overexpressed in a number of tumor cell types. LSD1 acts on histone H3 as a transcription co-repressor through demethylation of lysine 4 (H3K4) or as a transcription co-activator through demethylation of lysine 9 (H3K9).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LSD1 Inhibitor SYHA1807","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Inhibitor SYHA1807","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYHA 1807","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYHA-1807","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYHA1807","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801980"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801980"}]}}{"C174423":{"preferredName":"Lutetium Lu 177-DTPA-omburtamab","code":"C174423","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of omburtamab, a murine immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the surface immunomodulatory glycoprotein human B7-homolog 3 (B7-H3, CD276), conjugated, via the chelating agent diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), to the radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intracerebroventricular administration of lutetium Lu 177-DTPA-omburtamab, the omburtamab moiety binds to B7-H3 expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon binding, lutetium Lu 177-DTPA-omburtamab delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to B7-H3-expressing cells. B7-H3, a type I transmembrane protein and a member of the B7 co-stimulatory protein superfamily, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types and on various immune cells but is minimally expressed by normal human tissues. B7-H3 is a negative regulator of T-cell activation; its overexpression plays a key role in immuno-evasion, tumor cell invasion and metastasis, and is correlated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"177Lu-DTPA-omburtamab","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-DTPA-omburtamab","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lutetium Lu 177-DTPA-omburtamab","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802279"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802279"}]}}{"C174518":{"preferredName":"Maackia amurensis Seed Lectin","code":"C174518","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of lectin extracted from the seeds of Maackia amurensis, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Maackia amurensis seed lectin (MASL) may target and bind to podoplanin (PDPN), thereby blocking the activation of PDPN by endogenous ligands. This may inhibit tumor cell growth, migration and metastasis that result from PDPN activation. PDPN, a transmembrane receptor glycoprotein that is overexpressed in some cancer types, promotes tumor cell migration, invasion, and metastasis upon activation by various endogenous ligands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MASL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maackia amurensis Seed Lectin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802340"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802340"}]}}{"C166141":{"preferredName":"Macrocycle-bridged STING Agonist E7766","code":"C166141","definitions":[{"description":"An agonist of macrocycle-bridged stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein, with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, macrocycle-bridged STING agonist (MBSA) E7766 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway, which promotes IKK-related kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) signaling and activates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs). Specifically, expression of IFN-beta (IFNb) enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by CD8alpha-positive and CD103-positive dendritic cells (DCs) to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in a CTL-mediated immune response against tumor cells and causes tumor cell lysis. Compared to conventional STING agonists, MBSA E7766 allows for conformational rigidity of the unique macrocycle bridge which enhances its stability and STING affinity, thereby increasing its efficacy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"E 7766","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E-7766","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"E7766","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBSA E7766","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Macrocycle-bridged STING Agonist E7766","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Macrocycle-bridged STING Agonist E7766","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stimulator of Interferon Genes Agonist E7766","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sting Agonist E7766","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL979196"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799924"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799924"}]}}{"C174139":{"preferredName":"MAGE-A1-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-cells","code":"C174139","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of autologous CD4- and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) that specifically targets the human melanoma-associated antigen A1 (MAGE-A1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the MAGE-A1-specific TCR-transduced autologous T-cells bind to tumor cells expressing MAGE-A1, which may halt the growth of and kill MAGE-A1-expressing cancer cells. MAGE-A1 is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAGE-A1-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A1-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-cells","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MAGE-A1-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAGE-A1-specific TCR-transduced Autologous T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802464"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802464"}]}}{"C174400":{"preferredName":"MCL-1 Inhibitor ABBV-467","code":"C174400","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (myeloid cell leukemia-1; Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MCL-1 inhibitor ABBV-467 targets and binds to Mcl-1, thereby preventing the binding of Mcl-1 to and inactivation of certain pro-apoptotic proteins. This promotes apoptosis of cells overexpressing Mcl-1. Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABBV 467","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV-467","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ABBV467","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCL-1 Inhibitor ABBV-467","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MCL-1 Inhibitor ABBV-467","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Cell Leukemia-1 Inhibitor ABBV-467","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802326"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802326"}]}}{"C171616":{"preferredName":"MDM2 Inhibitor AMGMDS3","code":"C171616","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of MDM2 (murine double minute 2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MDM2 inhibitor AMGMDS3 binds to the MDM2 protein and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is overexpressed in cancer cells; it plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-[(2S,3R,4S)-2,3-bis(3-chlorophenyl)-1-[(2S)-1-ethoxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]-4-methyl-6-oxopiperidin-4-yl]acetic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AMGMDS3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDM2 Inhibitor AMGMDS3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Q59770979","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405838"}]}}{"C172382":{"preferredName":"MEK 1/2 Inhibitor FCN-159","code":"C172382","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MEK 1/2 Inhibitor FCN-159 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1 and MEK2, preventing the activation of MEK1/2-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK1/2 are dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinases that play key roles in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway that regulates cell growth. This pathway is often dysregulated in a variety of tumor cell types through BRAF, KRAS and NRAS mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FCN 159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCN-159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FCN159","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK 1/2 Inhibitor FCN-159","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor FCN-159","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406509"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801657"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801657"}]}}{"C173437":{"preferredName":"MEK Inhibitor HL-085","code":"C173437","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MEK inhibitor HL-085 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK, preventing the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a threonine/tyrosine kinase, plays a key role in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway that regulates cell growth. This pathway is often dysregulated in a variety of tumor cell types through BRAF, KRAS and NRAS mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HL 085","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HL-085","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HL085","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEK Inhibitor HL-085","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801764"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801764"}]}}{"C165776":{"preferredName":"Menin-MLL Interaction Inhibitor SNDX-5613","code":"C165776","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitor of the menin-mixed lineage leukemia (MLL; myeloid/lymphoid leukemia; KMT2A) proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, menin-MLL interaction inhibitor SNDX-5613 targets and binds to the nuclear protein menin, thereby preventing the interaction between the two proteins menin and MLL and the formation of the menin-MLL complex. This reduces the expression of downstream target genes and results in an inhibition of the proliferation of MLL-rearranged leukemic cells. The menin-MLL complex plays a key role in the survival, growth, transformation and proliferation of certain kinds of leukemia cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Menin-MLL Inhibitor SNDX-5613","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Menin-MLL Interaction Inhibitor SNDX-5613","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Menin-MLL Interaction Inhibitor SNDX-5613","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Menin-Mixed Lineage Leukemia Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitor SNDX-5613","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNDX 5613","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNDX-5613","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SNDX5613","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978854"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800199"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800199"}]}}{"C167188":{"preferredName":"MET x MET Bispecific Antibody REGN5093","code":"C167188","definitions":[{"description":"A bispecific monoclonal antibody that targets two different epitopes of the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) MET (c-MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MET x MET bispecific antibody REGN5093 targets and binds to two different, non-overlapping epitopes on MET expressed on the tumor cell surface, thereby forming unique REGN5093-MET complexes. The binding of REGN5093 to the MET epitopes and the unique complex formation causes MET internalization and degradation. This prevents MET-mediated signaling and inhibits growth of MET-driven tumor cells. MET, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types where it is involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition; it plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-c-Met Bispecific Antibody REGN5093","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MET x MET Bispecific Antibody REGN5093","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MET x MET Bispecific Antibody REGN5093","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METxMET Antibody REGN5093","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"METxMET Bispecific Antibody REGN5093","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN 5093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN-5093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"REGN5093","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972415"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800420"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800420"}]}}{"C168544":{"preferredName":"Metarrestin","code":"C168544","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of perinucleolar compartment (PNC), with potential antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanisms(s) through which this agent exerts its effects have yet to be fully elucidated, upon oral administration, metarrestin disrupts the structure of PNC and inhibits RNA polymerase (Pol) I transcription. This leads to the reduction in the prevalence of PNC in cancer cells and decrease in tumor growth and spread. PNC is a subnuclear structure and a phenotypic marker of metastatic cancer cells. A high PNC prevalence has been associated with disease progression and poor patient outcomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ML 246","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ML-246","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ML246","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metarrestin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Metarrestin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trans-4-(7-benzyl-4-imino-5,6-diphenylpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)cyclohexan-1-ol","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972873"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1443414-10-5"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800687"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800687"}]}}{"C173446":{"preferredName":"Methylcantharidimide","code":"C173446","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable derivative of the terpenoid cantharidin, which is a natural toxin extracted from blister beetles, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action through which methylcantharidimide exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent, upon oral administration, may exert a direct tumor cell killing effect in susceptible tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Methylcantharidimide","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-methylcantharidimide","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801753"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801753"}]}}{"C171422":{"preferredName":"Microbiome GEN-001","code":"C171422","definitions":[{"description":"A microbiome therapeutic composed of a single-strain bacterium, isolated from the gut of healthy donors, with potential anti-tumor and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, the metabolites of GEN-001 may activate dendritic cells and macrophages in the gut and increase the expression of the cytokines interleukin-7 (IL-7) and interleukin-15 (IL-15), which stimulates the proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-cells. The memory T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. This may increase tumor cell killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. GEN-001 may improve therapeutic responses to other therapies, such as anti-PD-1 therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GEN 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GEN001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microbiome GEN-001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Microbiome GEN-001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microbiome-based Therapeutic GEN-001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405526"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801465"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801465"}]}}{"C165646":{"preferredName":"Microbiome-derived Peptide Vaccine EO2401","code":"C165646","definitions":[{"description":"A donor-derived, off-the-shelf, microbiome therapeutic cancer peptide vaccine composed of three bacterial onco-mimics, immunogenic microbiome-derived peptides that are highly homologous to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), that are obtained and selected from the human gut microbiome and are specific for brain tumors, including glioblastoma, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The three microbiome-derived bacterial antigens in EO2401 mimic three TAAs that are highly expressed by brain tumors. Upon administration of microbiome-derived peptide vaccine EO2401, the peptides are taken up by and presented on dendritic cells (DCs) to T-cells. As the presented antigens display molecular mimicry with selected TAAs on brain cancer cells, a memory T-cell and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response may be mounted against the TAAs expressed on the brain cancer cells, thereby eradicating the brain cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Vaccine EO2401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EO 2401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EO-2401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EO2401","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microbial-derived Peptide Vaccine EO2401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microbiome-derived Peptide Vaccine EO2401","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Microbiome-derived Peptide Vaccine EO2401","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microbiome-derived Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine EO2401","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978949"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799761"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799761"}]}}{"C167362":{"preferredName":"Modified Vaccinia Ankara-vectored HPV16/18 Vaccine JNJ-65195208","code":"C167362","definitions":[{"description":"A booster cancer vaccine comprised of a modified, replication-defective, vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) strain encoding the oncogenic human papillomavirus types 16 (HPV16) and 18 (HPV18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of MVA-vectored HPV16/18 vaccine JNJ-65195208, and after the administration of the prime vaccine(s) adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26)-expressing HPV16 vaccine JNJ-63682918 and/or Ad26-expressing HPV18 vaccine JNJ-63682931, this vaccine further stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HPV16/18 proteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis. HPV16/18 infection plays a key role in the development of a variety of cancers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JNJ 65195208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ-65195208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JNJ65195208","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA BN HPV16/18 JNJ-65195208","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-HPV16/18 Vaccine JNJ-65195208","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-vectored HPV16/18 Vaccine JNJ-65195208","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-vectored Vaccine JNJ-65195208","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA.HPV16/18 JNJ-65195208","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Vaccinia Ankara-HPV16/18 JNJ-65195208","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Vaccinia Ankara-vectored HPV16/18 Vaccine JNJ-65195208","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Modified Vaccinia Ankara-vectored HPV16/18 Vaccine JNJ-65195208","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972336"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"}]}}{"C174519":{"preferredName":"MUC-1/WT1 Peptide-primed Autologous Dendritic Cells","code":"C174519","definitions":[{"description":"A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with the human tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) mucin-1 (MUC1) and Wilms tumor protein 1 (WT1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, the MUC-1/WT1 peptide-primed autologous DCs expose the immune system to MUC1 and WT1 peptides and may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against MUC1 and WT1-expressing cancer cells, which could result in cancer cell lysis. MUC1 and WT1, are overexpressed in a variety of tumor types and play an important role in tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUC-1/WT1 Peptide-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUC-1/WT1 Peptide-primed Autologous DCs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUC-1/WT1 Peptide-primed Autologous Dendritic Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802334"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802334"}]}}{"C173525":{"preferredName":"Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine TPIV100","code":"C173525","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer peptide vaccine comprised of four peptides derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HER-2/neu (ErbB-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the multi-epitope HER2 peptide vaccine TPIV100, the four peptides may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells expressing the HER-2/neu antigen, which may result in the inhibition of proliferation in Her-2/neu-expressing tumor cells. Her-2/neu, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in various tumor cell types. To enhance immunity, the peptides are admixed with the adjuvant granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HER2/Neu Peptide Vaccine TPIV100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine TPIV100","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine TPIV100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peptide Vaccine TPIV100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPIV 100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPIV-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPIV100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802235"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802235"}]}}{"C175526":{"preferredName":"Muscadine Grape Extract","code":"C175526","definitions":[{"description":"An extract derived from the Muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia), with potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-lipidemic and chemopreventive activities. The muscadine grape extract (MGE) contains numerous phytochemicals including hydrolyzable tannins and flavonoids, such as resveratrol, anthocyanin 3,5-diglucosides, quercetin, ellagic acid, myricetin, and kaempferol glycosides. Upon administration, the active components in the MGE scavenge free radicals, protect against oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and inhibit cell damage due to reactive oxygen species (ROS). This inhibits oxidative stress and protects against DNA damage. MGE also inhibits enzymes involved in inflammation, cell replication and DNA synthesis, and induces the expression of anti-oxidant enzymes. The active ingredients may also inhibit certain signaling pathways upregulated in some tumor cell types, eventually leading to apoptosis and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. MGE may also boost energy and prevent fatigue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MGE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muscadine Grape Extract","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Muscadine Grape Extract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803286"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803286"}]}}{"C173552":{"preferredName":"MVA-BN Smallpox Vaccine","code":"C173552","definitions":[{"description":"A vaccine consisting of modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN), a live, attenuated, non-replicating, proprietary version of the MVA virus, used for the prevention of smallpox and monkeypox, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral administration, MVA-BN smallpox vaccine may induce both cellular and humoral immune responses, which may lead to tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Imvamune","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Imvanex","termGroup":"FB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JYNNEOS","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA Smallpox Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MVA-BN Smallpox Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Vaccinia Ankara - Bavarian Nordic Smallpox Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Modified Vaccinia Ankara Smallpox Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VACCINIA VIRUS MODIFIED STRAIN ANKARA-BAVARIAN NORDIC NON-REPLICATING ANTIGEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1026718-04-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"TU8J357395"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801908"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801908"}]}}{"C173438":{"preferredName":"N-dihydrogalactochitosan","code":"C173438","definitions":[{"description":"A carbohyrate polymer in which galactose molecules are attached to the amino groups of the glucosamine polymer chitosan, with potential imunostimulating activity. After a tumor ablation and upon intratumoral injection directly into the location of the ablated tumor, N-dihydrogalactochitosan may trigger a tumor-specific systemic immune response when exposed to tumor-associated neoantigens that are liberated by tumor ablation. This may kill tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IP 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IP-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IP001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-dihydro-galacto-chitosan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-dihydrogalactochitosan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801765"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801765"}]}}{"C170752":{"preferredName":"Oligo-fucoidan","code":"C170752","definitions":[{"description":"A sulfated polysaccharide low-molecular-weight fucoidan, with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration of oligo-fucoidan, this agent seems to exert numerous effects through various mechanisms of action, some of which remain to be fully elucidated. Oligo-fucoidan induces cell cycle arrest, activates caspases, induces apoptosis, and inhibits tumor cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. It also increases the expression of tumor suppressors, such as p53, while decreasing levels of certain tumor promoters. Oligo-fucoidan also promotes the degradation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGFb) receptor and the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). It prevents tumor progression, alters tumor microenvironment (TME) and decreases the tumor-promoting M2 macrophages in the TME. Oligo-fucoidan has anti-inflammatory effects that suppress the expression of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2), and decrease the production of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1b) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (TNFa). This agent may also suppress angiogenic activity by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor expression and VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation. As an antioxidant, this agent protects cells against oxidative stress by scavenging superoxide radicals and induces the expression of the anti-oxidant nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 and that of its target gene, superoxide dismutase; and prevents reactive oxidative species (ROS) generation in cancer cells and ROS release into the TME. Fucoidan also has immune-modulatory effects and enhances the proliferation of natural killer (NKs) cells and cytotoxic T-cells (CTLs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Low-molecular-weight Fucoidan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligo Fucoidan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligo-fucoidan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383150"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800738"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800738"}]}}{"C168607":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic Adenovirus ORCA-010","code":"C168607","definitions":[{"description":"A replication competent, oncolytic adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) that has been modified with a delta24 (d24) deletion, an incorporation of an RGD-4C motif in the Ad fiber protein, and an insertion of the T1 mutation in E3/19K gene, with potential oncolytic activity. Upon administration, oncolytic adenovirus ORCA-010 binds to specific Ad3 receptors that are highly expressed on certain tumor cells. This results in the replication of oncolytic adenovirus Ad5/3-delta24 in tumor cells and induces tumor cell lysis which may potentially result in the activation of a systemic immune response against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). The Ad5/3-delta24 has a 24 base pair deletion in constant region 2 of the E1A gene which allows for selective replication in cells that are defective in the retinoblastoma gene (Rb) or cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2A (CDKN2A or p16INK4a). As most tumor cells are defective in the Rb/p16 pathway, this virus selectively replicates in these cells. The RGD-4C motif is a 9-amino acid peptide that binds to various and enhances viral-cell receptor binding by allowing for a Coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR)-independent infection of tumor cells, which is the natural route of viral binding, as CAR expression is often deficient on cancer cells. As integrins are often overexpressed on tumor cell surfaces, integrin receptor binding enhances tumor cells binding and infection by the Ad. The T1 mutation enhances the Ad5 release from tumor cells and promotes spreading throughout the tumor, thereby enhancing anti-tumor activity. The T1 mutation, a single Adenine insertion at position 445 of the nucleotide sequence of the E3/19K gene of Adenovirus, creates a truncated E3/19K protein that is relocated to the plasma membrane due to the disruption of its ER retention signal. This increases plasma membrane permeability and enhances the release of Ad5.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Modified Ad5 ORCA-010","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORCA 010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORCA-010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORCA010","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Adenovirus ORCA-010","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972811"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800320"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800320"}]}}{"C171540":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1 ONCR-177","code":"C171540","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, genetically modified, microRNA (miRNA)-attenuated oncolytic viral strain of the herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) virus, with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. In ONCR-177, a dual bidirectional promoter enables the expression of five different transgenes: the natural killer (NK) cell and T-cell activating cytokine interleuin-12 (IL-12), the chemokines C-C motif chemokine 4 (CCL4) and the extracellular domain of the Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3LG), to allow for expansion and recruitment of classical dendritic cells (DCs), and antagonists to the immune checkpoints programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) to counter T cell exhaustion. Upon intra-tumoral administration, the oncolytic HSV-1 ONCR-177 specifically targets, infects and selectively replicates in tumor cells only while not infecting normal, healthy cells. This induces tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles then infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells, thereby further killing tumor cells. The released tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) from the tumor cells activate the immune system to exert an anti-tumor immune response against the tumor cells, thereby further killing the tumor cells. In addition, the expressed transgenes that are released upon tumor cell lysis induce a systemic tumor-specific immune response and activate NKs, DCs and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) while inhibiting regulatory T-cells (Tregs). This further kills nearby non-infected tumor cells. In ONCR-177, the neurovirulence gene ICP34.5 allows for potent oncolysis, even in the presence of host cell antiviral responses. To ensure selective replication and oncolysis in cancer cells while attenuating replication in healthy tissue, tissue specific miRNA-binding cassettes (miR-T) are inserted into early genes essential for viral replication. In addition, UL37 mutation suppresses latent infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ONCR 177","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONCR-177","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ONCR177","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 ONCR-177","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1 ONCR-177","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1 ONCR-177","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oHSV-1 ONCR-177","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405762"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802000"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802000"}]}}{"C175473":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing IL-12 and Anti-PD-1 Antibody T3011","code":"C175473","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically engineered oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (oHSV-1) expressing the human immunostimulating cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) and an antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, oHSV-1 expressing IL-12 and anti-PD-1 antibody T3011 infects and replicates in tumor cells causing viral-mediated tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells. Tumor antigens released from the lysed tumor cells also activate the immune system to induce a tumor-specific systemic immune and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response, thereby killing nearby non-infected tumor cells. In addition, oHSV-1 expressing IL-12 and anti-PD-1 antibody T3011 promotes the secretion of IL-12 and anti-PD-1 antibody by the tumor cells. IL-12 promotes the activation of natural killer cells, which induces both the secretion of interferon-gamma and a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the tumor cells. This results in both immune-mediated tumor cell death and further inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Anti-PD-1 antibody targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2); it plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MVR-T3011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing IL-12 and Anti-PD-1 Antibody T3011","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing IL-12 and Anti-PD-1 Antibody T3011","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing IL-12 and PD-1 Antibody T3011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing IL-12/Anti-PD-1 Antibody T3011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T 3011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-3011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3011","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oHSV-1 Expressing IL-12 and Anti-PD-1 Antibody T3011","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802928"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802928"}]}}{"C173889":{"preferredName":"Oncolytic Measles Virus Encoding Helicobacter pylori Neutrophil-activating Protein","code":"C173889","definitions":[{"description":"An attenuated oncolytic Edmonston (Ed) strain of measles virus (MV) encoding the N-terminus of the human lambda immunoglobulin light chain containing the Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein (NAP), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the oncolytic measles virus encoding H. pylori NAP selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, leading to syncytia formation and tumor cell lysis. The expressed NAP, a toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) agonist, may stimulate the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6, leading to local inflammatory reaction in the tumor microenvironment (TME). H. pylori NAP, a bacterial antigen and potent immunomodulator, may enhance the antitumor effect of oncolytic MV.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MV Encoding NAP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MV-s-NAP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Measles Virus Encoding H. pylori NAP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Measles Virus Encoding Helicobacter pylori Neutrophil-activating Protein","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncolytic Measles Virus Encoding Helicobacter pylori Neutrophil-activating Protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802401"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802401"}]}}{"C17649":{"preferredName":"Other","code":"C17649","definitions":[{"description":"Different than the one(s) previously specified or mentioned. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Different than the one(s) previously specified or mentioned. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Other (COT/POT/OM)","attr":"eCTD","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Different than the one(s) previously specified or mentioned.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OTHER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"OTHER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Other","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Other","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ICDC"},{"termName":"Other","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Other","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Other","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Other","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Other","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Other or Miscellaneous","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205394"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Device Problem Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ICDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Other"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Other"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"other"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other"}]}}{"C172098":{"preferredName":"Oxaliplatin Eluting Beads","code":"C172098","definitions":[{"description":"A formulation of drug-eluting beads (DEB) consisting of polymeric microbeads impregnated with the organoplatinum complex and alkylating agent oxaliplatin, with potential antineoplastic activity. The beads consist of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microspheres modified with sulfonic acid groups and loaded with oxaliplatin. During transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the hepatic artery, the oxaliplatin eluting beads occlude tumor blood vessels that feed the tumor and induce ischemic necrosis of tumor tissue due to mechanical blockage of the tumor vasculature. The beads release cytotoxic oxaliplatin locally, which may result in oxaliplatin-mediated inhibition of tumor cell proliferation through formation of both inter- and intra-strand platinum-DNA crosslinks, and the inhibition of DNA replication.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CalliSpheres Drug-Eluting Beads with Oxaliplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DEB with Oxaliplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deboxa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Drug-Eluting Beads with Oxaliplatin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxaliplatin Eluting Beads","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406222"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801475"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801475"}]}}{"C167257":{"preferredName":"p97 Inhibitor CB-5339","code":"C167257","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective, second-generation inhibitor of valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, p97 inhibitor CB-5339 binds to and inhibits the activity of p97. This prevents ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation and causes cellular accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins. The inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation activates the ER-dependent stress response pathway, and leads to both an induction of apoptosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. VCP/p97, a type II AAA+ ATPase, plays a key role in cellular protein homeostasis processes including ER-associated degradation (ERAD), chromatin associated degradation (CAD) and the DNA damage response (DDR). Its overexpression in many tumor cell types is associated with increased tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CB 5339","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB-5339","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB5339","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p97 Inhibitor CB-5339","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"p97 Inhibitor CB-5339","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972245"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800449"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800449"}]}}{"C167262":{"preferredName":"p97 Inhibitor CB-5339 Tosylate","code":"C167262","definitions":[{"description":"The tosylate salt of CB-5339, an orally bioavailable, selective, second-generation inhibitor of valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, p97 inhibitor CB-5339 binds to and inhibits the activity of p97. This prevents ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation and causes cellular accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins. The inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation activates the ER-dependent stress response pathway, and leads to both an induction of apoptosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. VCP/p97, a type II AAA+ ATPase, plays a key role in cellular protein homeostasis processes including endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD), chromatin associated degradation (CAD) and the DNA damage response (DDR). Its overexpression in many tumor cell types is associated with increased tumor cell proliferation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CB 5339 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB-5339 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CB5339 Tosylate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p97 Inhibitor CB-5339 Tosylate","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"p97 Inhibitor CB-5339 Tosylate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972249"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800450"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800450"}]}}{"C166138":{"preferredName":"Pan-KRAS Inhibitor BI 1701963","code":"C166138","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitor that targets the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Son of sevenless homolog 1 (SOS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-KRAS inhibitor BI 1701963 selectively targets and binds to SOS1, thereby preventing the interaction of SOS1 with Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) in the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound 'off' state, which is the inactivated state of KRAS. This abrogates the exchange of RAS-bound GDP for guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and prevents the formation of GTP-loaded KRAS, which is the activated 'on' state of KRAS. This prevents activation of downstream RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway by GTP-loaded KRAS. This inhibits mutant KRAS-dependent signaling and may inhibit growth and survival of KRAS-expressing tumor cells. KRAS is a member of the RAS family of oncogenes that is mutated in many cancer cell types. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis. SOS1 regulates the KRAS GDP-GTP cycle and promotes nucleotide exchange and formation of 'active' KRAS-GTP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 1701963","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-1701963","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI1701963","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PPI Inhibitor BI 1701963","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-KRAS Inhibitor BI 1701963","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-KRAS Inhibitor BI 1701963","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein-protein Interaction Inhibitor BI 1701963","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOS1:KRAS Interaction Inhibitor BI 1701963","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL979206"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799903"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799903"}]}}{"C165567":{"preferredName":"Pan-mutation-selective EGFR Inhibitor CLN-081","code":"C165567","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective inhibitor of a broad spectrum of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, including EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations (EGFR Ex20ins; Ex20ins mutations), with potential antineoplastic activity. CLN-081 is also active against other EGFR mutations including exon 19 deletions (exon19del), L858R, and T790M, as well as the less common G719X, L861Q and S768I mutations. Upon administration, the pan-mutation-selective EGFR inhibitor CLN-081 specifically and covalently binds to and inhibits a variety of EGFR mutations, with particularly high selectivity against EGFR Ex20ins, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, CLN-081 may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with EGFR Ex20ins, as most EGFR mutant-selective inhibitors are not active against EGFR Ex20ins. This agent shows minimal activity against wild-type EGFR (wt EGFR), and does not cause dose-limiting toxicities that occur during the use of non-selective EGFR inhibitors, which also inhibit wt EGFR. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CLN 081","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLN-081","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLN081","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor CLN-081","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mutation-specific EGFR TKI TAS6417","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan- EGFR Inhibitor CLN-081","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-mutation-selective EGFR Inhibitor CLN-081","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pan-mutation-selective EGFR Inhibitor CLN-081","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-mutation-selective EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CLN-081","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS 6417","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS-6417","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAS6417","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978830"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799981"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799981"}]}}{"C172394":{"preferredName":"Pan-TRK Inhibitor NOV1601","code":"C172394","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, selective pan-tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-TRK inhibitor NOV1601 specifically targets and binds to TRK, TRK mutations and fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1 (NTRK1; TrkA), 2 (NTRK2; TrkB), and 3 (NTRK3; TrkC). This inhibits neurotrophin-TRK interaction and TRK activation, thereby preventing the activation of downstream signaling pathways and resulting in both the induction of cellular apoptosis and the inhibition of cell growth in tumors that overexpress TRK and/or express NTRK fusion proteins. TRK, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) activated by neurotrophins, is encoded by NTRK family genes. The expression of either mutated forms of, or fusion proteins involving, NTRK family members results in uncontrolled TRK signaling, which plays an important role in tumor cell growth, survival, invasion and treatment resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHC 2014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHC-2014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOV 1601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOV-1601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOV1601","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pan-TRK Inhibitor NOV1601","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK Inhibitor NOV1601","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406349"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801625"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801625"}]}}{"C168601":{"preferredName":"Senaparib","code":"C168601","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, senaparib selectively binds to PARP 1 and 2 and prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair of single-strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA and is activated by single-strand DNA breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMP 4297","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMP-4297","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMP4297","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP 1/2 Inhibitor IMP4297","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SENAPARIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Senaparib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972916"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1401682-78-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"MNZ4OP95CF"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800374"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800374"}]}}{"C167278":{"preferredName":"PARP Inhibitor NMS-03305293","code":"C167278","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PARP inhibitor NMS-03305293 selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair of single-strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA and is activated by single-strand DNA breaks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NMS 03305293","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMS-03305293","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMS03305293","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor NMS-03305293","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PARP Inhibitor NMS-03305293","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972264"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802331"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802331"}]}}{"C170764":{"preferredName":"PARP7 Inhibitor RBN-2397","code":"C170764","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 7, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PARP7 inhibitor RBN-2397 selectively binds to PARP7 and restores interferon (type 1) signaling. This may lead to the induction of both innate and adaptive immune responses, and the inhibition of tumor growth and proliferation. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other proteins to repair damaged DNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PARP7 Inhibitor RBN-2397","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PARP7 Inhibitor RBN-2397","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RBN 2397","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RBN-2397","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RBN2397","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383178"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800790"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800790"}]}}{"C166387":{"preferredName":"Parsaclisib Hydrochloride","code":"C166387","definitions":[{"description":"The hydrochloride salt form of parsaclisib, an inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. Parsaclisib inhibits the delta isoform of PI3K and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This both decreases proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-delta-overexpressing tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in hematopoietic disease and cell lineages. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K signaling in normal, non-neoplastic cells. PI3K, an enzyme often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(4R)-4-(3-((1S)-1-(4-amino-3-methyl-1h-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-5-chloro-2-ethoxy-6-fluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-2-onehydrochloric Acid (1:1)","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-Pyrrolidinone, 4-(3-((1S)-1-(4-amino-3-methyl-1h-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-5-chloro-2-ethoxy-6-fluorophenyl)-, Hydrochloride (1:1), (4R)-","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB 50465 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INCB050465 Hydrochloride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARSACLISIB HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Parsaclisib Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971639"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1995889-48-9"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"S0GJ8VM4P9"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C167207":{"preferredName":"Partially Engineered T-regulatory Cell Donor Graft TRGFT-201","code":"C167207","definitions":[{"description":"A T-regulatory (Treg) cell donor graft that has been partially engineered by depleting all the T-cells and then enriching the graft with infusions of conventional T-cells and Tregs with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration of the partially engineered T-regulatory cell donor graft TRGFT-201 following myeloablation, the allograft may induce tolerance in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) as treatment for hematologic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Partially Engineered T-regulatory Cell Donor Graft TRGFT-201","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Partially Engineered T-regulatory Cell Donor Graft TRGFT-201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Partially Engineered and Enriched Treg Donor Graft TRGFT-201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-cell-Depleted Graft With Additional Infusion of Conventional T Cells and Regulatory T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRGFT 201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRGFT-201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRGFT201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TregGraft","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972434"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800419"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800419"}]}}{"C170900":{"preferredName":"PD-L1 Inhibitor GS-4224","code":"C170900","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, anti-viral and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, PD-L1 inhibitor GS-4224 specifically targets PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells preventing the binding and subsequent activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-L1/PD-1 signaling, increases T-cell expansion and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells. It may also enhance hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific CD8+ T-cell function, thereby killing HBV-infected cells. PD-L1, a transmembrane protein expressed on activated T-cells, is overexpressed in some cancer types and plays a significant role in immune evasion by tumor cells. It is also upregulated in HBV-positive patients and contributes to immune dysfunction against HBV infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GS 4224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS-4224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GS4224","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-1 Ligand 1 Inhibitor GS-4224","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-L1 Inhibitor GS-4224","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383048"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800806"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800806"}]}}{"C174020":{"preferredName":"PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA Trispecific Fusion Protein NM21-1480","code":"C174020","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, trispecific monovalent antibody-based molecule targeting the human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9) and human serum albumin (HSA), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA trispecific fusion protein NM21-1480 consists of three monovalent antibody Fvs specific for PD-L1, HSA and 4-1BB fused in a single chain. Upon administration, PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA trispecific fusion protein NM21-1480 simultaneously targets and binds to a membrane-distal epitope of 4-1BB, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes, and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. The simultaneous binding to PD-L1 enables clustering of 4-1BB and thereby allows for conditional stimulation of 4-1BB signaling in the tumor microenvironment (TME) only upon binding to PD-L1 on tumor cells. 4-1BB activation results in T-cell stimulation and enhances T-lymphocyte-mediated anti-tumor activity. At the same time, NM21-1480 prevents PD-L1 from binding to and activating its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which may lead to a reduction in tumor growth. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on activated T-cells inhibits the expansion and survival of CD8-positive T-cells, suppresses the immune system and results in immune evasion. 4-1BB, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity. HSA fusion prolongs the half-life of NM21-1480. The conditional activation of 4-1BB signaling prevents systemic T-cell activation and lowers toxicity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ND 021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ND-021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ND021","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NM21 1480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NM21-1480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NM211480","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA Trispecific Fusion Protein NM21-1480","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA Trispecific Fusion Protein NM21-1480","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA Trispecific scDb-scFv NM21-1480","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA Trispecific scMATCH3 NM21-1480","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trispecific Anti-PD-L1/anti-4-1BB/anti-Human Serum Albumin (HSA) scFv Fusion Protein NM21-1480","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alphaPD-L1/4-1BB/HSA NM21-1480","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alphaPD-L1/alpha4-1BB/alphaHSA NM21-1480","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802455"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802455"}]}}{"C167334":{"preferredName":"Pegylated SN-38 Conjugate PLX038","code":"C167334","definitions":[{"description":"A pegylated conjugate of SN-38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin), a biologically active metabolite of the prodrug irinotecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the proprietary linker slowly releases SN-38 from the pegylated SN-38 conjugate PLX038. SN-38 binds to and inhibits topoisomerase I by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication, and apoptosis. Compared with irinotecan, this formulation allows higher accumulation in solid tumors due to its nanoparticle size and long half-life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLX 038","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX-038","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLX038","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated SN-38 Conjugate PLX038","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pegylated SN-38 Conjugate PLX038","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pegylated SN-38 PLX038","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972311"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800470"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800470"}]}}{"C173152":{"preferredName":"Personalized and Adjusted Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine PANDA-VAC","code":"C173152","definitions":[{"description":"A peptide-based, personalized cancer therapeutic vaccine consisting of up to 8 patient-specific tumor peptides, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient's tumor and identified through DNA and RNA sequencing of a patient's tumor cells, combined with the immunostimulant polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stabilized with polylysine and carboxymethylcellulose (poly-ICLC), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, personalized and adjusted neoantigen peptide vaccine PANDA-VAC stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, leading to tumor cell lysis. The adjuvant poly-ICLC is a ligand for toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) and induces the release of cytokines which may help to boost the immune response against the selected neoantigens. The vaccine may be adjusted after initial therapy according to sequencing data.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PANDA-VAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine PANDA-VAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Neoantigen Peptide-poly-ICLC Vaccine PANDA-VAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized and Adjusted Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine PANDA-VAC","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Personalized and Adjusted Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine PANDA-VAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1407017"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802057"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802057"}]}}{"C171430":{"preferredName":"Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PV01","code":"C171430","definitions":[{"description":"A personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific neoantigen-coding DNA plasmids, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient's tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of GNOS-PV01, the patient-specific neoantigens are translated in cells and elicit a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these neoantigens, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Each patient specific formulation may contain multiple DNA plasmids, and each plasmid may contain multiple neoantigen DNA sequences, allowing the delivery of multiple neoantigen DNA sequences simultaneously.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GNOS-PV01","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen Vaccine GNOS-PV01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PV01","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PV01","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Neoantigen-based Vaccine GNOS-PV01","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405519"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801973"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801973"}]}}{"C170950":{"preferredName":"Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PVO2","code":"C170950","definitions":[{"description":"A personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific neoantigen-coding DNA plasmids, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient's tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal delivery by electroporation of GNOS-PVO2, the patient-specific neoantigens are translated in cells and elicit a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these neoantigens, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Each patient specific formulation may contain multiple DNA plasmids, and each plasmid may contain multiple neoantigen DNA sequences, allowing the delivery of multiple neoantigen DNA sequences simultaneously.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GNOS-PVO2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoantigen Vaccine GNOS-PVO2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PVO2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PVO2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383225"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801211"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801211"}]}}{"C172822":{"preferredName":"Photodynamic Compound TLD-1433","code":"C172822","definitions":[{"description":"A non-toxic ruthenium-based coordination-complex and photosensitizer, with potential antineoplastic activity upon photodynamic therapy (PDT). Upon intravesical administration, light-activated photodynamic compound (PDC) TLD-1433 targets and binds to transferrin (Tf) and is subsequently taken up by Tf receptors which are located on tumor cells. Upon exposure to green light (525nm), TLD-1433 becomes activated locally and induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and singlet oxygen. The release of free radicals may induce apoptosis and destroy the tumor cells. Cancer cells have many more Tf receptors than normal cells,","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PDC TLD-1433","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Photodynamic Compound TLD-1433","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLD 1433","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLD-1433","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLD1433","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406854"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801697"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801697"}]}}{"C171387":{"preferredName":"Plasmid DNA Vaccine pING-hHER3FL","code":"C171387","definitions":[{"description":"A plasmid DNA cancer vaccine encoding the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor type-3 (HER-3; HER3), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intramuscular administration of the plasmid DNA vaccine pING-hHER3FL and after cellular uptake by muscle cells, the plasmid DNA expresses HER-3 which, may elicit both antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and humoral immune responses against tumor cells expressing HER-3. HER-3 plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and its overexpression is associated with poor prognosis. HER-3 is associated with tumor cell resistance to anti-HER-2 therapeutics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Plasmid DNA Vaccine pING-hHER3FL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pING-hHER3FL","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pING-hHER3FL Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405505"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801289"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801289"}]}}{"C175536":{"preferredName":"pNGVL4a-CRT-E6E7L2 DNA Vaccine","code":"C175536","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic DNA vaccine encoding human calreticulin (CRT) linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E6, E7, and L2 proteins, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration via intramuscular injection with electroporation, the pNGVL4a-CRT-E6E7L2 DNA vaccine expresses HPV16 E6, E7 and L2 proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response and humoral immune responses against tumor cells expressing these proteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis and tumor cell death. In addition, HPV16 L2-specific neutralizing antibody may prevent a broad spectrum of HPV infections and HPV-associated cancers. The heat shock protein CRT may potentiate MHC class I presentation to antigen-specific CD8-positive T-cells, enhancing the induction of cellular immunity and the potency of the vaccine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"pNGVL4a-CRT-E6E7L2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pNGVL4a-CRT-E6E7L2 DNA Vaccine","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"pNGVL4a-CRT-E6E7L2 DNA Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pNGVL4a-CRTE6E7L2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pNGVL4aCRTE6E7L2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pNGVL4aCRTE6E7L2 DNA Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803294"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803294"}]}}{"C172205":{"preferredName":"pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 DNA and HPV16 L2/E6/E7 Fusion Protein TA-CIN Vaccine PVX-2","code":"C172205","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer vaccine consisting of a combination of two vaccines, a prime pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 DNA vaccine and a boost HPV16 L2/E6/E7 fusion protein TA-CIN vaccine, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 DNA vaccine is an antigen-specific DNA cancer vaccine consisting of the coding sequences of a signal peptide (pNGVL4a-Sig), a detox form of the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) antigen E7, and the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Upon administration, this prime vaccine may generate potent cytotoxic CD8(+) T-cell responses against E7-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell death. HPV16 L2/E6/E7 fusion protein TA-CIN vaccine is a recombinant human papillomavirus (HPV), genetically engineered fusion protein vaccine in which the three HPV16 viral proteins L2, E6 and E7 are fused together in a single tandem fusion protein (TA-CIN; HPV16 L2\\E6\\E7). Upon administration, this boost vaccine may stimulate the immune system to generate HPV16 E6\\E7-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses as well as the induction of L2-specific antibodies. In addition, this vaccine may prevent infection and the development of other HPV16-associated diseases. L2, a minor viral capsid protein, is able to induce a strong antibody response against certain HPV types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PVX 2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PVX-2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PVX2","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 DNA and HPV16 L2/E6/E7 Fusion Protein TA-CIN Vaccine PVX-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406087"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801534"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801534"}]}}{"C165666":{"preferredName":"Polymer-conjugated IL-15 Receptor Agonist NKTR-255","code":"C165666","definitions":[{"description":"A long-acting formulation composed of the human cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) that is conjugated by polymers, with potential immunomodulating and anti-tumor activities. Upon administration of polymer-conjugated IL-15 receptor agonist NKTR-255, the IL-15 moiety targets and binds to the alpha subunit of the IL-15 receptor on natural killer (NK) and T-cells, thereby activating the IL-15-mediated pathway. This leads to the expansion and activation of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-cells, thereby enhancing the anti-tumor activity of NKs and long-term memory T-lymphocyte immune responses. This may increase tumor cell killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. In addition, NKTR-255 may, when combined with a tumor-directed antibody, enhance the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) mechanism. IL-15 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a key role in the regulation of T- and NK cell activation, proliferation and promotion of their anti-tumor effects. Compared to IL-15 alone, the polymer formulation allows for increased retention at the tumor site and reduced clearance, thereby increasing the effect of IL-15.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL-15 Receptor Agonist NKTR-255","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Long-acting Polymer-engineered IL-15 Conjugate NKTR-255","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKTR 255","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKTR-255","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKTR255","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymer-conjugated IL-15 Receptor Agonist NKTR-255","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polymer-conjugated IL-15 Receptor Agonist NKTR-255","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978933"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800122"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800122"}]}}{"C172189":{"preferredName":"Porcupine Inhibitor XNW7201","code":"C172189","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PORCN inhibitor XNW7201 targets, binds to and inhibits PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which blocks post-translational acylation of Wnt ligands and inhibits their secretion. This prevents the activation of Wnt ligands, interferes with Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibits cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. PORCN, a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT), is required for the palmitoylation of Wnt ligands, and plays a key role in Wnt ligand secretion and activity. Wnt signaling is dysregulated in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in cancer cell survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PORCN Inhibitor XNW7201","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Porcupine Inhibitor XNW7201","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XNW 7201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XNW-7201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"XNW7201","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406288"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801526"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801526"}]}}{"C169105":{"preferredName":"PPAR Alpha Antagonist TPST-1120","code":"C169105","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule, selective and competitive antagonist of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARa), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, TPST-1120 targets, binds to and blocks the activity of PPARa, thereby blocking transcription of PPARa target genes leading to an intracellular metabolism shift from fatty acid oxidation (FAO) to glycolysis in FAO-dependent tumors and reducing the production of fatty acids in the tumor microenvironment (TME). As fatty acids are essential for tumor cell growth in FAO-dependent tumor cells and are needed for the metabolism of suppressive immune cells in the TME, including regulatory T-cells (Tregs), reducing the amount of fatty acids leads to a direct killing of FAO-dependent tumor cells. It also skews macrophages from the immune suppressive M2 phenotype to an effector M1 phenotype and facilitates the cytotoxicity of immune effector cells, thereby stimulating an anti-tumor immune response and further killing tumor cells. TPST-1120 also restores the natural inhibitor of angiogenesis thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in the TME. PPARa, a ligand-activated nuclear transcription factor and metabolic checkpoint, regulates the expression of FAO genes and lipid metabolism. It plays a key role in immunosuppression in the TME. FAO is a metabolic pathway essential to tumor growth, survival and immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PPAR Alpha Antagonist TPST-1120","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PPAR Alpha Antagonist TPST-1120","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PPARA Antagonist TPST-1120","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PPARalpha Antagonist TPST-1120","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Alpha Antagonist TPST-1120","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPST 1120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPST-1120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPST1120","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1382244"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800961"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800961"}]}}{"C168531":{"preferredName":"PRMT5 Inhibitor PRT811","code":"C168531","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor PRT811 selectively binds to PRMT5 and inhibits its function. By inhibiting its methyltransferase activity, levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 are decreased. This modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes, including cellular proliferation. This may increase the expression of antiproliferative genes and/or decrease the expression of genes that promote cell proliferation, which may lead to decreased growth of rapidly proliferating cells, including cancer cells. PRMT5, a type II methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of both omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (sDMA) on histones and a variety of other protein substrates involved in signal transduction and cellular transcription, is overexpressed in several neoplasms. Elevated levels are associated with decreased patient survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PRMT5 Inhibitor PRT811","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"PRMT5 Inhibitor PRT811","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRT 811","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRT-811","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRT811","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PRT811","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972859"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800369"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800369"}]}}{"C166122":{"preferredName":"Protein Tyrosine Kinase 2 Inhibitor IN10018","code":"C166122","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the non-receptor, cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase protein tyrosine kinase 2 (focal adhesion kinase 1; FAK1; FAK: PTK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, IN10018 targets and inhibits, in an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-competitive manner, PTK2. This prevents PTK2-mediated downstream signaling and inhibits migration, proliferation, invasion, and survival in PTK2-overexpressing tumor cells. The cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase PTK2, a signal transducer for integrins overexpressed in various tumor cell types, is involved in tumor cell invasion, migration and proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BI 853520","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI-853520","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BI853520","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAK1 Inhibitor IN10018","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IN 10018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IN-10018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IN10018","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTK2 Inhibitor IN10018","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Tyrosine Kinase 2 Inhibitor BI 853520","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein Tyrosine Kinase 2 Inhibitor IN10018","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Protein Tyrosine Kinase 2 Inhibitor IN10018","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL979217"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699455"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"699455"}]}}{"C175380":{"preferredName":"Pyruvate Kinase M2 Isoform Activator TP-1454","code":"C175380","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable activator of pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PKM2 activator TP-1454 locks PKM2 into the active tetrameric form. This may prevent the production of glycolytic intermediates by the less active dimer form of PKM2, depleting the supply of glycolytic intermediates which are needed for tumor cell growth. This may also inhibit immune suppression mediated by the dimer form of PKM2. Altogether, this may slow tumor cell growth and enhance anti-tumor immune responses, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. PKM2, the predominant PK isoform found in tumor cells, is responsible for catalyzing the last step of glycolysis. PKM2 plays a critical role in the metabolic changes observed in cancer and immune cells and establishes a metabolic advantage for tumor cells over the tumor immune microenvironment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PKM2 Activator TP-1454","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyruvate Kinase M2 Isoform Activator TP-1454","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pyruvate Kinase M2 Isoform Activator TP-1454","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP 1454","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP-1454","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP1454","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803280"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803280"}]}}{"C170742":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Bacterial Minicells VAX014","code":"C170742","definitions":[{"description":"A population of recombinant bacterial minicells (rBMCs) engineered to express the alpha3beta1 (a3b1) and alpha5beta1 (a5b1) integrin-targeting invasion and that contain a bacterial protein toxin, perfringolysin O (PFO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical administration, VAX014 selectively targets and binds to tumor cells expressing un-ligated a3b1 and/or a5b1 integrins and delivers PFO, leading to destabilization of tumor cell membranes and tumor cell lysis. By targeting un-ligated a3b1 and/or a5b1 integrins, VAX014 selectively targets tumor cells over normal cells, with potentially less adverse effects in comparison with first generation integrin-targeted therapies. ","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant Bacterial Minicells VAX014","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Bacterial Minicells VAX014","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAX 014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAX-014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAX-IP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAX-IP Minicells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAX014","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"rBMCs VAX014","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383139"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801175"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801175"}]}}{"C167120":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Erwinia asparaginase JZP-458","code":"C167120","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant form of asparaginase (Erwinia asparaginase; crisantaspase) derived from the bacterium Erwinia chrysanthemi, genetically engineered to be produced in Pseudomonas fluorescens, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of recombinant Erwinia asparaginase JZP-458, the recombinant asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia. This depletes cancer cells of asparagine, which blocks protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation. Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in cancer cells, which cannot synthesize this amino acid due to the absence of the enzyme asparagine synthase. JZP-458 can be used as an alternative in patients who are hypersensitive to Escherichia (E.) coli-derived asparaginase products.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Crisantaspase Biobetter JZP-458","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JZP 458","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JZP-458","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JZP458","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PF743","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RC-P JZP-458","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Asparaginase erwinia chrysanthemi JZP-458","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Crisantaspase JZP-458","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Erwinia asparaginase JZP-458","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Recombinant Erwinia asparaginase JZP-458","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972349"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9015-68-3"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800241"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800241"}]}}{"C168605":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus 11-valent Vaccine","code":"C168605","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant, 11-valent, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, produced in Hansenula polymorpha, with potential immunoprotective and antineoplastic properties. Upon administration, recombinant HPV 11-valent vaccine may generate humoral and cellular immunity against the 11 undisclosed types of HPV antigens, thereby preventing cervical infection upon exposure to these 11 types of HPV. In addition, this agent may stimulate an antitumoral cellular immune response against cervical cancer associated with HPV infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11-valent Recombinant HPV Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"11-valent Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Vaccine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"11-valent Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Vaccine (Hansenula polymorpha)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Human Papillomavirus 11-valent Vaccine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972920"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800414"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800414"}]}}{"C170907":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Human TRAIL-Trimer Fusion Protein SCB-313","code":"C170907","definitions":[{"description":"A recombinant fusion protein composed of the human C-propeptide of alpha1(I) collagen (Trimer-Tag) to the C-terminus of the mature human tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL; Apo2L), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. The binding of TRAIL to the Trimer-Tag allows TRAIL to form a stable covalently-linked homotrimer. Upon administration of recombinant human TRAIL-trimer fusion protein SCB-313, this fusion protein targets, binds to and trimerizes the TRAIL-receptors, pro-apoptotic death receptors (DRs) TRAIL-R1 (death receptor 4; DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (death receptor 5; DR5), expressed on tumor cells, thereby activating caspases and inducing apoptosis in TRAIL-R1/R2-expressing tumor cells. TRAIL, a homotrimeric type II transmembrane protein and member of the TNF superfamily of cytokines, plays a key role in the induction of apoptosis through TRAIL-mediated death receptor pathways. The pro-apoptotic cell surface receptors TRAIL-R1 and -R2, members of the TNF receptor family, are overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types; The induction of receptor trimerization is needed for the initiation of the apoptotic signaling pathway. The TRAIL-Trimer retains similar bioactivity and receptor binding kinetics as native TRAIL but has more favorable pharmacokinetics and antitumor activity than native TRAIL.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recombinant Human TRAIL-Trimer Fusion Protein SCB-313","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant TNF-related Apoptosis-inducing Ligand-trimer Fusion Protein SCB-313","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCB 313","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCB-313","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCB313","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAIL-Trimer Fusion Protein SCB-313","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRAIL-Trimer SCB-313","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383053"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800842"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800842"}]}}{"C171377":{"preferredName":"Recombinant Humanized Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MBS301","code":"C171377","definitions":[{"description":"A glyco-engineered heterodimeric bispecific monoclonal antibody, derived from trastuzumab and pertuzumab, directed against two distinct epitopes of the extracellular dimerization (ECD) domain of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, recombinant humanized anti-HER-2 bispecific monoclonal antibody MBS301 simultaneously targets and binds to two separate, non-overlapping epitopes of HER-2. This prevents the activation of HER-2 signaling pathways. Also, by binding to HER-2, MBS301 induces an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells that overexpress HER-2. This results in tumor cell apoptosis and inhibits tumor cell proliferation of HER-2-overexpressing tumor cells. HER-2, overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bispecific Anti-HER2 Antibody MBS301","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBS 301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBS-301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MBS301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recombinant Humanized Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MBS301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405488"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801299"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801299"}]}}{"C167210":{"preferredName":"RET/SRC Inhibitor TPX-0046","code":"C167210","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable selective dual inhibitor of fusions and mutations involving the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (ret) and the src family tyrosine kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the RET/SRC inhibitor TPX-0046 specifically targets and binds to ret mutants and ret-containing fusion products. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumor cells that exhibit increased ret activity. By inhibiting src kinase-mediated signaling and reducing the src-initiated recruitment of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases involved in bypass resistance, TPX-0046 may be able to overcome tumor resistance which may increase its therapeutic effect. Ret overexpression, activating mutations, and fusions result in the upregulation and/or overactivation of ret tyrosine kinase activity in various cancer cell types; dysregulation of ret activity plays a key role in the development and progression of these cancers. Src tyrosine kinases are upregulated in many tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, migration, invasion and angiogenesis. Src upregulation is seen in tumors with acquired resistance to RET inhibitors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RET/SRC Inhibitor TPX-0046","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RET/SRC Inhibitor TPX-0046","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RET/SRC Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TPX-0046","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPX 0046","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPX-0046","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TPX0046","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972435"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802260"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802260"}]}}{"C172380":{"preferredName":"ROBO1-targeted BiCAR-NKT Cells","code":"C172380","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of natural killer T (NKT) cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for roundabout homolog 1 (ROBO1, Robo1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the ROBO1-targeted BiCAR-NK/T cells target and bind to ROBO1 expressed on the surface of tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in ROBO1-expressing tumor cells. ROBO1, a member of the axon guidance receptor family, is often overexpressed in a variety of tumor types. It is involved in axon guidance, cell proliferation, cell motility and angiogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-ROBO1 BiCAR-NK/T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROBO1 CAR-NK/T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROBO1-targeted Bi-CAR-NK/T Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ROBO1-targeted BiCAR-NKT Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406507"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801656"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801656"}]}}{"C166135":{"preferredName":"RSK1-4 Inhibitor PMD-026","code":"C166135","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (p90RSK; RSK) subtypes 1-4, with high selectivity for RSK subtype 2 (RSK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the RSK1-4 inhibitor PMD-026, this agent targets and inhibits the RSK subtypes, thereby inhibiting RSK-mediated signaling. This prevents the phosphorylation and activation of the transcription factor Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) and leads to cell cycle arrest, an induction of apoptosis, and an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in RSK-expressing tumor cells. RSK is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, especially in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). It plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PMD 026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PMD-026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PMD026","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RSK Inhibitor PMD-026","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RSK1-4 Inhibitor PMD-026","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"RSK1-4 Inhibitor PMD-026","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL979208"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799807"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799807"}]}}{"C173373":{"preferredName":"Ruthenium-based Small Molecule Therapeutic BOLD-100","code":"C173373","definitions":[{"description":"A ruthenium-based, small molecule that selectively inhibits stress-induced upregulation of GRP78, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanisms(s) through which this agent exerts its effects have yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration, BOLD-100 may selectively inhibit stress-induced upregulation of GRP78, thereby preventing the activation of multiple GRP78-mediated pathways and blocking GRP78-induced suppression of apoptotic pathways. This may lead to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and slow tumor cell proliferation. GRP78, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone and unfolded protein response (UPR) regulator, is overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cell types. Its expression is associated with increased tumor cell survival and proliferation, as well as angiogenesis and resistance to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BOLD 100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOLD-100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BOLD100","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ruthenium-based Small Molecule Therapeutic BOLD-100","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801840"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801840"}]}}{"C170746":{"preferredName":"SDF-1 Receptor Antagonist PTX-9908","code":"C170746","definitions":[{"description":"A stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1; CXCL12) analog and inhibitor of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PTX-9908 selectively targets and binds to CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of CXCR4 to its ligand SDF-1. This inhibits receptor activation and results in decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-overexpressing tumor cells. The G protein-coupled receptor CXCR4, which is overexpressed in several tumor cell types, promotes tumor angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis. SDF-1, a major chemotactic factor, plays a key role in mediating cell trafficking via selective binding to CXCR4.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CTCE 9908","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTCE-9908","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CTCE9908","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CXCR4 Antagonist CTCE-9908","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTX 9908","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTX-9908","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTX9908","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SDF-1 Analog PTX-9908","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SDF-1 Receptor Antagonist PTX-9908","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383156"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800729"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800729"}]}}{"C168606":{"preferredName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LX-039","code":"C168606","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD LX-039 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LX 039","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LX-039","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LX039","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD LX-039","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LX-039","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972812"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800319"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800319"}]}}{"C174042":{"preferredName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LY3484356","code":"C174042","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LY3484356 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LY 3484356","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY-3484356","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LY3484356","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERD LY3484356","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LY3484356","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LY3484356","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802339"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802339"}]}}{"C167267":{"preferredName":"SERD ZN-c5","code":"C167267","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD ZN-c5 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SERD ZN-c5","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SERD ZN-c5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader ZN-c5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator ZN-c5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZN c5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZN-c5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZNc5","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972255"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802322"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802322"}]}}{"C171384":{"preferredName":"Shenqi Fuzheng Injection SQ001","code":"C171384","definitions":[{"description":"An injectable formulation composed of the two Chinese medicinal herbs Radix astragali, the root of astragalus membranaceus (huangqi) and Radix codonopsis, the root of Codonopsis pilosula (dangshen), with potential antineoplastic adjuvant and chemoprotective activities that may prevent cancer-related fatigue. Although the exact mechanisms by which shenqi fuzheng injection (SFI) have yet to be fully elucidated, the herbs may improve tumor response and/or reduce the toxicity of certain chemotherapeutics when administered together. It may also alleviate chemotherapy-associated immunosuppression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SFI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQ 001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQ-001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SQ001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shenqi Fuzheng Injection SQ001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405484"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801246"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801246"}]}}{"C172988":{"preferredName":"SHP2 Inhibitor RLY-1971","code":"C172988","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor RLY-1971 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell survival, differentiation and proliferation through activation of the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling pathway. The Ras-MAPK pathway is often hyperactivated in cancer cells due to specific mutations and rearrangements and are dependent on SHP2 for their oncogenic signaling. SHP2 also regulates programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-mediated signal transduction and is involved in immune checkpoint modulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RLY 1971","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RLY-1971","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RLY1971","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SHP2 Inhibitor RLY-1971","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SHP2 Inhibitor RLY-1971","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406779"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802046"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802046"}]}}{"C170763":{"preferredName":"Simmitinib","code":"C170763","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of numerous tyrosine kinases (TKs) including fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2; KDR), and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, simmitinib binds to and inhibits the activities of these TKs, thereby preventing both the activation of downstream signaling pathways and the proliferation of tumor cells overexpressing these TKs. FGFR, VEGFR2, and CSF1R are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SOMCL-15-290","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Simmitinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1383173"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800788"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800788"}]}}{"C174171":{"preferredName":"SIRPa-4-1BBL Fusion Protein DSP107","code":"C174171","definitions":[{"description":"A bi-functional, trimeric, fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domains (ECDs) of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha; SIRPa; CD172a) fused to a 4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the SIRPa-4-1BBL fusion protein DSP107 selectively targets and binds to both CD47 expressed on tumor cells and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9) expressed on T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Binding to CD47 blocks the interaction of CD47 with endogenous SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrophage activation and phagocytosis of cancer cells. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1), which is expressed on macrophages, and results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. The binding of 4-1BBL to 4-1BB activates 4-1BB-mediated signaling, induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) proliferation, cytokine production and promotes a CTL-mediated anti-tumor immune response as well as NK-mediated tumor cell killing. The crosslinking specifically enables the activation of 4-1BB-mediated signaling in T-cells and NK cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), allowing targeted immune responses in the TME. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, thereby allowing cancer cells to proliferate. 4-1BB, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD172a-4-1BBL Trimeric Fusion Protein DSP107","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DSP 107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DSP-107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DSP107","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIRPa-4-1BBL DSP107","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIRPa-4-1BBL Dual Signaling Protein DSP107","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIRPa-4-1BBL Fusion Protein DSP107","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SIRPa-4-1BBL Fusion Protein DSP107","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802479"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802479"}]}}{"C173706":{"preferredName":"SIRPa-Fc-CD40L Fusion Protein SL-172154","code":"C173706","definitions":[{"description":"A bi-functional fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domains (ECDs) of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha; SIRPa; CD172a) and CD40 ligand (CD40L; CD154; TRAP; TNFSF5) linked via a human Fc domain, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the SIRPa-Fc-CD40L fusion protein SL-172154 selectively targets and binds to both CD47 expressed on tumor cells and CD40, a cell surface receptor that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Binding to CD47 blocks the interaction of CD47 with endogenous SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrophage activation and phagocytosis of cancer cells. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1), which is expressed on macrophages, and results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of tumor cells. The binding of CD40L to CD40 activates CD40, increases CD40-mediated signaling and induces proliferation and activation of B-lymphocytes, shifts the induction of suppressive macrophages towards immunostimulatory macrophages, activates monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs), and leads to the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. This activates the immune system to induce the proliferation and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) against tumor cells. The crosslinking specifically enhances antigen presentation to CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes and tumor cell phagocytosis by the APC. CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPa, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, thereby allowing cancer cells to proliferate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD172a-Fc-CD40L Chimeric Protein SL-172154","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIRPa-Fc-CD40L Fusion Protein SL-172154","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"SIRPa-Fc-CD40L Fusion Protein SL-172154","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SIRPa-Fc-CD40L SL-172154","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL 172154","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL-172154","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SL172154","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801935"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801935"}]}}{"C111571":{"preferredName":"Spanlecortemlocel","code":"C111571","definitions":[{"description":"A preparation of allogeneic umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) expanded in culture with the stimulatory cytokines stem cell factor (SCF; Kit ligand; mast cell growth factor; MGF), FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and thrombopoietin, in the presence of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) antagonist LHD221 (StemRegenin-1; SR-1), with potential to improve hematopoietic recovery following myeloablative conditioning. Upon administration of Spanlecortemlocel, these cells increase and restore the number of HSPCs, which may prevent or decrease the risk of infection and other complications of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) or cord blood transplantation. LHD221, an AHR antagonist facilitates the expansion of CD34-positive hematopoietic progenitors and impedes HSPC differentiation during cytokine-driven expansion in culture.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allogeneic UCB-derived HSPCs MGTA 456","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allogeneic Umbilical Cord Blood-derived Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells MGTA-456","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Expanded Umbilical Cord Blood Product HSC835","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSC 835","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HSC835","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGTA 456","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGTA-456","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPANLECORTEMLOCEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Spanlecortemlocel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Spanlecortemlocel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL453979"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"D8O38M043D"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752075"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"752075"}]}}{"C175512":{"preferredName":"SRPK1/ABCG2 Inhibitor SCO-101","code":"C175512","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/arginine-rich splicing factor protein kinase 1 (SRPK1) and the ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2), with potential chemosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, SRPK1/ABCG2 inhibitor SCO-101 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SRPK1 and ABCG2. Inhibition of the cellular efflux pump ABCG2 by SCO-101 prevents the efflux of co-administered chemotherapeutic agents from cancer cells. This may abrogate cancer cell drug resistance and may re-sensitize cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic agents. Inhibition of SRPK1 kinase by SCO-101 inhibits the SRPK1-mediated phosphorylation of splicing factors rich in serine/arginine domains, thereby inhibiting the activation of proteins that are involved in the regulation of alternative splicing. This may inhibit cancer cell proliferation. SRPK1 is upregulated in various cancer cell types. Its upregulation is correlated with higher tumor staging, grading, and shorter survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SCO 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCO-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCO101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SRPK1/ABCG2 Inhibitor SCO-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803025"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803025"}]}}{"C167292":{"preferredName":"STING Agonist BMS-986301","code":"C167292","definitions":[{"description":"An agonist of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein, with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, STING agonist BMS-986301 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway, which promotes IKK-related kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) signaling and activates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs). Specifically, expression of IFN-beta (IFNb) enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by dendritic cells (DCs) to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in a CTL-mediated immune response against tumor cells and causes tumor cell lysis. STING, a transmembrane protein that activates immune cells in the TME, plays a key role in the activation of the innate immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BMS 986301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS-986301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BMS986301","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STING Agonist BMS-986301","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STING Agonist IBMS-986301","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972276"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800468"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800468"}]}}{"C165748":{"preferredName":"STING Agonist GSK3745417","code":"C165748","definitions":[{"description":"An agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, STING agonist GSK3745417 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs), enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by dendritic cells (DCs), and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. STING, a transmembrane protein that activates immune cells in the TME, plays a key role in the activation of the innate immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GSK 3745417","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK-3745417","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GSK3745417","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STING Agonist GSK3745417","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STING Agonist GSK3745417","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978866"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800130"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800130"}]}}{"C165655":{"preferredName":"STING Agonist IMSA101","code":"C165655","definitions":[{"description":"A small molecule analogue of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) that acts as an agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173) with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, STING agonist IMSA101 binds to STING and activates STING-mediated pathways. This activates the immune response through the activation of certain immune cells which induces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, promotes tumor-associated antigen (TAA) processing and presentation by dendritic cells (DCs) and leads to an antigen-specific T-cell mediated immune response against cancer cells. STING, a transmembrane protein that activates immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, plays a key role in the activation of the innate immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMSA 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMSA-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IMSA101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STING Agonist IMSA101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STING Agonist IMSA101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978957"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800118"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800118"}]}}{"C165566":{"preferredName":"STING Agonist SB 11285","code":"C165566","definitions":[{"description":"An agonist of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein, with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, STING agonist SB 11285 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway, which promotes IKK-related kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) signaling and activates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs). Specifically, expression of IFN-beta (IFNb) enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by CD8alpha-positive and CD103-positive dendritic cells (DCs) to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in a CTL-mediated immune response against tumor cells and causes tumor cell lysis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SB 11285","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB-11285","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SB11285","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STING Agonist SB 11285","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STING Agonist SB 11285","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978836"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799980"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799980"}]}}{"C173377":{"preferredName":"STING Agonist TAK-676","code":"C173377","definitions":[{"description":"An agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, STING agonist TAK-676 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs), enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by dendritic cells (DCs), and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. STING, a transmembrane protein that activates immune cells in the TME, plays a key role in the activation of the innate immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"STING Agonist TAK-676","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STING Agonist TAK-676","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK 676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK-676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAK676","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801843"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801843"}]}}{"C167270":{"preferredName":"STING-expressing E. coli SYNB1891","code":"C167270","definitions":[{"description":"A non-pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria that has been engineered to express stimulator of interferon genes (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173) protein, with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, STING-expressing E. coli SYNB1891 are engulfed by antigen presenting cells (APCs) within the tumor. STING-mediated pathways within the APCs are then activated resulting in a type I interferon (IFN) response which promotes initiation and propagation of tumor-specific T-cell responses. In addition, the bacterial component of SYNB1891 may further stimulate the innate immune system via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) which may enhance the magnitude of the overall immune response. STING, a transmembrane protein that activates immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), plays a key role in the activation of the innate immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"STING-expressing E. coli SYNB1891","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"STING-expressing E. coli SYNB1891","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STING-expressing Escherichia coli strain SYNB1891","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYNB 1891","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYNB-1891","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYNB1891","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972256"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800451"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800451"}]}}{"C173664":{"preferredName":"Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic GC4711","code":"C173664","definitions":[{"description":"A mimetic of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) that may potentially be used to increase the anti-cancer efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Upon administration, SOD mimetic GC4711 may mimic native SODs and catalyze the formation of molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide from the burst of superoxide anion present in the irradiated tissues upon radiation. As hydrogen peroxide is less toxic than superoxide to normal tissues, but more toxic to cancer cells, this may increase the anti-cancer efficacy of SBRT and decrease its damage to normal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GC 4711 ","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC-4711 ","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GC4711 ","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOD Mimetic GC4711","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic GC4711","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic GC4711","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802254"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802254"}]}}{"C166377":{"preferredName":"Synthetic Plumbagin PCUR-101","code":"C166377","definitions":[{"description":"A synthetic form of the plant-derived medicinal agent, plumbagin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Plumbagin may act by inhibiting the expression of protein kinase C epsilon (PKCe), signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 phosphorylation (Stat3), protein kinase B (AKT), and certain epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, including vimentin and slug. This results in possible inhibition of proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. PKCe, Stat3, AKT, and the EMT markers vimentin and slug have been linked to the induction and progression of prostate cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PCUR 101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCUR-101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCUR101","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synthetic Plumbagin PCUR-101","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synthetic Plumbagin PCUR-101","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971629"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792711"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"792711"}]}}{"C174060":{"preferredName":"Tankyrase Inhibitor STP1002","code":"C174060","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzyme tankyrase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tankyrase inhibitor STP1002 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of tankyrase. This may block the tankyrase-mediated poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of multiple target proteins including various tumor suppressors. This may include the blockage of the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and destabilization of AXIN, a negative regulator of beta-catenin, and prevents Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. This may inhibit the activation of transcription of a wide range of target genes of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, thereby preventing gene expression of many Wnt-related, pro-survival proteins and suppressing tumor cell growth. Tankyrase, a member of the PARP family, plays an important role in the regulation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, tumor suppressors, as well as telomere maintenance and mitosis regulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"STP 1002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STP-1002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STP1002","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tankyrase Inhibitor STP1002","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tankyrase Inhibitor STP1002","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802474"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802474"}]}}{"C152539":{"preferredName":"Tefinostat","code":"C152539","definitions":[{"description":"A hydroxamic acid-derived histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Tefinostat inhibits HDAC leading to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, which may result in chromatin remodeling, inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, inhibition of tumor cell division, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins; this agent may specifically target HDACs in cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHR 2845","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHR-2845","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHR2845","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TEFINOSTAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tefinostat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2830214"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"ZAU91150SB"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633696"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"633696"}]}}{"C173370":{"preferredName":"TGF-beta Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitor SH3051","code":"C173370","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) receptor 1 (TGFbR1; activin receptor-like kinase 5; ALK5), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, TGFbR1 inhibitor SH3051 specifically targets and binds to TGFbR1, which prevents TGFbR1-mediated signal transduction. This abrogates TGFbR1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor cell death. This may lead to a reduction in TGFbR1-dependent proliferation of tumor cells. The TGF-beta signaling pathway is often deregulated in tumors and plays a key role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, invasion, and angiogenesis. It plays a key role in immunosuppression in the TME and cancer cell progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SH 3051","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SH-3051","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SH3051","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGF-beta Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitor SH3051","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFbR1 Inhibitor SH3051","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801834"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801834"}]}}{"C172107":{"preferredName":"TGF-beta Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitor YL-13027","code":"C172107","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFbR1; activin receptor-like kinase 5; ALK5), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, TGF-betaR1 inhibitor YL-13027 specifically targets and binds to TGFbR1, which prevents TGFbR1-mediated signal transduction. This abrogates TGFbR1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor cell death. This may lead to a reduction in TGFbR1-dependent proliferation of cancer cells. The TGFb signaling pathway is often deregulated in tumors and plays a key role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, invasion, and angiogenesis. It plays a key role in immunosuppression in the TME and cancer cell progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TGF-beta Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitor YL-13027","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TGFbR1 Inhibitor YL-13027","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YL 13027","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YL-13027","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"YL13027","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406216"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801356"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801356"}]}}{"C165621":{"preferredName":"Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine ATP128","code":"C165621","definitions":[{"description":"A self-adjuvanted chimeric recombinant protein vaccine, based on the self-adjuvanting KISIMA immunization platform, composed of three components: the 42 residue fragment Z12, a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) derived from the ZEBRA protein transduction domain, a toll-like receptor (TLR) peptide agonist as an adjuvant and a chimeric cargo, a multiple antigenic domain (MAD; MultiE), that contains an as of yet not disclosed amount of major histocompatibility class (MHC)-restricted peptides derived from as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are specific for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of ATP128, the Z12 moiety targets, binds to and penetrates antigen-presenting cells (APCs), specifically dendritic cells (DCs) and promotes the loading of the epitopes into the DCs and transports antigenic cargoes into both endosomal and cytosolic compartments. Upon processing and antigen presentation by MHC II and I, the immune system is stimulated and activates specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, respectively, against the multi-epitopes specific for the CRC cells, thereby killing the CRC cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATP 128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATP-128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ATP128","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine ATP128","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine ATP128","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z12-MultiE/TLR Agonist Domain ATP128","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978804"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799990"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"799990"}]}}{"C168996":{"preferredName":"Thorium Th 227 Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2701439","code":"C168996","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a monoclonal antibody targeting the tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2) and labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope thorium Th 227, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of BAY2701439 targets and specifically binds to HER2 on tumor cells, delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to cells expressing HER2. HER2 is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types and is associated with increased tumor cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"227Th Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2701439","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY 2701439","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-2701439","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY2701439","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Th 227 Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2701439","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Th-227-Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2701439","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium Th 227 Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2701439","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thorium Th 227 Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2701439","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium Th 227 MOAB BAY2701439","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium Th 227 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2701439","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium-227 Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2701439","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1378806"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800871"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800871"}]}}{"C175301":{"preferredName":"Thorium Th 227 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody BAY 2315497","code":"C175301","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and labeled, via a 3-hydroxypyridin-2-one (3,2-HOPO) chelator, with the alpha-emitting radioisotope thorium Th 227, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of BAY 2315497 targets and specifically binds to PSMA on tumor cells, delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to cells expressing PSMA. PSMA is overexpressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAY 2315497","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY-2315497","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAY2315497","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA-TTC BAY 2315497","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA-targeted Thorium-227 Conjugate BAY-2315497","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Targeted Thorium Conjugate BAY 2315497","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Th 227 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody BAY 2315497","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium Th 227 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody BAY 2315497","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thorium Th 227 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody BAY 2315497","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium Th 227 Monoclonal Antibody BAY 2315497","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium-227 Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody BAY 2315497","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium-227 Labeled Antibody-chelator Conjugate BAY 2315497","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorium-227 Labeled Immunoconjugate BAY-2315497","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803273"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"803273"}]}}{"C168609":{"preferredName":"Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor CX1106","code":"C168609","definitions":[{"description":"A thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TS inhibitor CX1106 binds to and inhibits TS. This reduces thymine nucleotide synthesis, inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division, causes DNA damage and leads to tumor cell apoptosis. TS catalyzes the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP), an essential precursor for DNA synthesis, and plays a key role in cell growth and division.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CX 1106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX-1106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CX1106","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TS Inhibitor CX1106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSI CX1106","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor CX1106","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972813"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800351"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800351"}]}}{"C173891":{"preferredName":"TIGIT Inhibitor M6223","code":"C173891","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), a co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, TIGIT inhibitor M6223 targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PRR2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5). This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells. This leads to CD226 dimerization and CD226-mediated signaling and activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family (IgSF) and an immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"M 6223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M-6223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M6223","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TIGIT Inhibitor M6223","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TIGIT Inhibitor M6223","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802403"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802403"}]}}{"C152646":{"preferredName":"Tipiracil","code":"C152646","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TIPIRACIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tipiracil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4056441"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"NGO10K751P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C152647":{"preferredName":"Tipiracil Hydrochloride","code":"C152647","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TIPIRACIL HYDROCHLORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tipiracil Hydrochloride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL553979"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"4H59KLQ0A4"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"}]}}{"C167350":{"preferredName":"TLR7 agonist BNT411","code":"C167350","definitions":[{"description":"A Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, TLR7 agonist BNT411 binds to and activates TLR7. This may trigger, in addition to other possible responses, the activation of cluster of differentiation (CD) 8+ T cells, B cells, and innate immune cells including natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages. TLR7 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BNT 411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNT-411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BNT411","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR7 agonist BNT411","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TLR7 agonist BNT411","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972325"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800313"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800313"}]}}{"C166362":{"preferredName":"TLR7 Agonist LHC165","code":"C166362","definitions":[{"description":"A benzonapthyridine Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist that is adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide with immunostimulating and potential antitumor activities. Upon intratumoral administration of TLR7 agonist LHC165, the agent is slowly released and targets, binds to and activates TLR7. This may trigger, in addition to other possible responses, the activation of cluster of differentiation (CD) 8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, the blockage of the suppressive function of regulatory T cells (Tregs), and the production of interferon alpha (IFNa). TLR7 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LHC 165","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LHC-165","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LHC165","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TLR7 Agonist LHC165","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TLR7 Agonist LHC165","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971618"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800232"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"800232"}]}}{"C173965":{"preferredName":"TM4SF1-CAR/EpCAM-CAR-expressing Autologous T Cells","code":"C173965","definitions":[{"description":"A mixed preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express either a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the antigen transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 (TM4SF1) (CART-TM4SF1) or a CAR specific for epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) (CART-EpCAM), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the TM4SF1-CAR/EpCAM-CAR-expressing autologous T cells, the TM4SF1-CAR-expressing autologous T-cells specifically recognize and bind to TM4SF1-expressing tumor cells and the EpCAM-CAR-expressing autologous T-cells specifically recognize and bind to EpCAM-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. TM4SF1 and EpCAM are expressed by a variety of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autologous CART-TM4SF1 Cells/CART-EpCAM Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autologous TM4SF1-targeting CAR T-cells and EpCAM-targeting CAR T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TM4SF1-CAR Autologous T-cells/EpCAM-CAR Autologous T-cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TM4SF1-CAR/EpCAM-CAR-expressing Autologous T Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802161"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802161"}]}}{"C173549":{"preferredName":"Tolebrutinib","code":"C173549","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable, brain-penetrant, selective, small molecule inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon oral administration, tolebrutinib is able to cross the blood-brain barrier and inhibits the activity of BTK both peripherally and in the central nervous system (CNS). This prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway, and the resulting immune activation and inflammation. The inhibition of BTK activity also prevents microglial inflammatory signaling in the CNS, and the resulting immune activation, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. BTK, a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase and member of the Tec family of kinases, plays an important role in B lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival. In addition to B cells, BTK is also expressed in innate immune cells, including macrophages and microglia, and plays an important role in the regulation of microglial inflammatory signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BTK Inhibitor SAR442168","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SAR442168","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR 442168","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR-442168","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SAR442168","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TOLEBRUTINIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Tolebrutinib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"1971920-73-6"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8CZ82ZYY9X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801899"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801899"}]}}{"C173363":{"preferredName":"Topotecan Sustained-release Episcleral Plaque","code":"C173363","definitions":[{"description":"An episcleral plaque containing sustained-release (SR) topotecan, a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin and a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminate, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon local application of the topotecan SR episcleral plaque to the eye, topotecan is released in a sustained manner and inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S phase of cell cycle, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. The episcleral plaque allows for local delivery of topotecan for the potential treatment of retinoblastoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chemoplaque","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Episcleral Topotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SR Topotecan Episcleral Plaque","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sustained Release Episcleral Topotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sustained-release Topotecan Episcleral Plaque","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topotecan SR Episcleral Plaque","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Topotecan Sustained-Release Episcleral Plaque","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Topotecan Sustained-release Episcleral Plaque","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transscleral Topotecan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801808"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801808"}]}}{"C172821":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab Monomethyl Auristatin F","code":"C172821","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of the recombinant anti-epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody trastuzumab conjugated to the auristatin analog and potent microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab monomethyl auristatin F, the trastuzumab moiety binds to HER2 on tumor cell surfaces; upon internalization, the MMAF moiety binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADC FS-1502","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-HER2 ADC FS-1502","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antibody-drug Conjugate FS-1502","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FS 1502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FS-1502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FS1502","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab MMAF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab Monomethyl Auristatin F","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406855"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801696"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801696"}]}}{"C172388":{"preferredName":"Trastuzumab-TLR 7/8 Agonist BDC-1001","code":"C172388","definitions":[{"description":"An immune stimulating antibody conjugate (ISAC) consisting of trastuzumab, an anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody, conjugated to a Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 dual agonist, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of trastuzumab-TLR 7/8 agonist BDC-1001, the trastuzumab moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells and, simultaneously, the TLR 7/8 dual agonist moiety targets, binds to and activates TLR7/8 expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), specifically dendritic cells (DCs), in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The trastuzumab binding to the tumor cells causes the engulfment of the BDC-1001-bound tumor cells by tumor-associated myeloid (TAM) cells and the TAMs travel to the lymph nodes. The DCs activated by the TLR7/8 agonist causes the activation of TLR7/8-mediated pathways, and stimulates the maturation and activation of DCs, thereby re-activating the immune system against the tumor cells. Activation of DCs results in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)- and B-lymphocyte-mediated immune responses against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), which lead to tumor cell lysis. TLR7 and 8, members of the TLR family, play fundamental roles in the activation of the innate immune system, myeloid cell responses and tumor antigen presentation. HER2 is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BDC 1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BDC-1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BDC1001","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISAC BDC-1001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immune Stimulating Antibody Conjugate BDC-1001","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-TLR 7/8 Agonist BDC-1001","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trastuzumab-TLR 7/8 Agonist BDC-1001","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406514"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802017"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802017"}]}}{"C126803":{"preferredName":"Tris-acryl Gelatin Microspheres","code":"C126803","definitions":[{"description":"An embolic particle composed of water-soluble, compressible, nonabsorbable microspheres composed of tris-acryl gelatin, with potential use for embolization. Upon administration, the tris-acryl gelatin microspheres (TAGM) serve as an embolic agent before surgery for highly vascularized areas, such as those seen in certain tumors, by penetrating into the blood vessel system and blocking blood flow. These microspheres may be used to encapsulate various therapeutic agents; drug-loaded microspheres can then be used as drug delivery vehicles during embolization of tumor vasculature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Embospheres","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAGM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tris-acryl Gelatin Microspheres","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tris-acryl Gelatin Microspheres","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trisacryl Gelatin Microspheres","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1566001"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780376"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"780376"}]}}{"C173560":{"preferredName":"TRK Inhibitor TQB3558","code":"C173560","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Trk inhibitor TQB3558 targets and binds to Trk, thereby preventing neurotrophin-Trk interaction and Trk activation. This may lead to apoptosis of Trk-expressing tumor cells and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in Trk-expressing tumors. Trk, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor cell growth and survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TQB 3558","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB-3558","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TQB3558","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRK Inhibitor TQB3558","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase Inhibitor TQB3558","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801913"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801913"}]}}{"C172809":{"preferredName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TL-895","code":"C172809","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of tyrosine kinase, with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, tyrosine kinase inhibitor TL-895 targets, binds to, and inhibits tyrosine kinase. This may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and cell proliferation, and the inhibition of immune-mediated inflammatory processes. Tyrosine kinases are upregulated in many tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. In addition, they play important roles in the activation of leukocytes and in many immune-mediated inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TKI TL-895","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL 895","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL-895","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TL895","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TL-895","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TL-895","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406868"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801850"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801850"}]}}{"C172843":{"preferredName":"Ursolic Acid","code":"C172843","definitions":[{"description":"A pentacyclic triterpenoid found in various fruits, vegetables and medicinal herbs, with a variety of potential pharmacologic activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antiviral, serum lipid-lowering, and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ursolic acid may promote apoptosis and inhibit cancer cell proliferation through multiple mechanisms. This may include the regulation of mitochondrial function through various pathways including the ROCK/PTEN and p53 pathways, the suppression of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) pathways, and the increase in caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(3beta)-3-Hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"URSOLIC ACID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ursolic Acid","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ursolic Acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406899"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"77-52-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"P3M2575F3F"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801981"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801981"}]}}{"C152914":{"preferredName":"Vorasidenib","code":"C152914","definitions":[{"description":"An orally available inhibitor of mutated forms of both isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1, IDH1 [NADP+] soluble) in the cytoplasm and type 2 (IDH2, isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP+], mitochondrial) in the mitochondria, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, vorasidenib specifically inhibits mutant forms of IDH1 and IDH2, thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in tumor cells expressing IDH mutations. In addition, vorasidenib is able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). IDH1 and 2, metabolic enzymes that catalyze the conversion of isocitrate into a-KG, play key roles in energy production and are mutated in a variety of cancer cell types. In addition, mutant forms of IDH1 and 2 catalyze the formation of 2HG and drive cancer growth by blocking cellular differentiation and inducing cellular proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AG 881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG-881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AG881","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VORASIDENIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vorasidenib","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Vorasidenib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554246"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"789Q85GA8P"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774431"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"774431"}]}}{"C167064":{"preferredName":"Wee1 Inhibitor ZN-c3","code":"C167064","definitions":[{"description":"An inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase Wee1 (Wee1-like protein kinase; Wee1A kinase; WEE1hu) with potential antineoplastic sensitizing activity. Although the exact mechanism of action by which this agent inhibits Wee1 has yet to be disclosed, upon administration of ZN-c3, this agent targets and inhibits Wee1. Inhibition of Wee1 promotes both premature mitosis and a prolonged mitotic arrest leading to cell death in susceptible tumor cells, such as p53-deficient or mutated human cancers that lack the G1 checkpoint, upon treatment with DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents. Unlike normal cells, most p53-deficient or mutated human cancers lack the G1 checkpoint as p53 is the key regulator of the G1 checkpoint and these cells rely on the G2 checkpoint for DNA repair to damaged cells. Annulment of the G2 checkpoint may therefore make p53-deficient tumor cells more vulnerable to antineoplastic agents and enhance their cytotoxic effect. Overexpression of Wee1 occurs in several cancer types and high expression of Wee1 is associated with poor outcomes. Wee1 phosphorylates Cdc2 in the Cdc2/cyclin B (CDK1/cyclin B) complex which blocks progression from G2 into mitosis; it negatively regulates the G2 checkpoint by disallowing entry into mitosis in response to DNA damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wee1 Inhibitor ZN-c3","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Wee1 Inhibitor ZN-c3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZN c3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZN-c3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZNc3","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972056"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802182"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"802182"}]}}{"C173426":{"preferredName":"Wee1 Kinase Inhibitor Debio 0123","code":"C173426","definitions":[{"description":"An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the human tyrosine kinase Wee1 (Wee1-like protein kinase; Wee1A kinase; WEE1hu), with potential antineoplastic sensitizing activity. Upon oral administration of Debio 0123, this agent targets, binds to and inhibits Wee1. Inhibition of Wee1 inhibits Cdk1 (Cdc2) phosphorylation, promotes both premature mitosis and a prolonged mitotic arrest, which results in the accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage. This leads to apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells, such as p53-deficient or mutated human cancers that lack the G1 checkpoint, especially in combination with DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents. Unlike normal cells, most p53-deficient or mutated human cancers lack the G1 checkpoint as p53 is the key regulator of the G1 checkpoint and these cells rely on the G2 checkpoint for DNA repair to damaged cells. Annulment of the G2 checkpoint may therefore make p53-deficient tumor cells more vulnerable to antineoplastic agents and enhance their cytotoxic effect. Overexpression of Wee1 occurs in several cancer types and high expression of Wee1 is associated with poor outcomes. Wee1 phosphorylates Cdc2 in the Cdc2/cyclin B (CDK1/cyclin B) complex which blocks progression from G2 into mitosis. The Wee1 tyrosine kinase is activated upon DNA damage and regulates the G2-M and S cell cycle checkpoints.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Debio 0123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Debio-0123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Debio0123","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wee1 Inhibitor Debio 0123","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wee1 Kinase Inhibitor Debio 0123","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801754"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801754"}]}}{"C171173":{"preferredName":"Xisomab 3G3","code":"C171173","definitions":[{"description":"A humanized anti-factor XI (FXI) antibody, with potential anti-thrombotic activity. Upon administration, xisomab 3G3 targets and binds to the apple 2 domain of FXI, thereby preventing the binding of FXI to factor XIIa (FXIIa). This blocks factor XIIa-mediated FXI activation without inhibiting FXI activation by thrombin or the procoagulant function of FXIa. The abrogation of FXI activation prolongs the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and reduces platelet and fibrin accumulation. This results in the inhibition of contact activation-initiated blood coagulation and prevents thrombus formation. FXI contributes to thrombotic disease while playing a limited role in normal hemostasis. Activation of FXI is essential for thrombus growth and stabilization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AB 023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB-023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AB023","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-FXI Antibody Xisomab 3G3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-factor XI Monoclonal Antibody Xisomab 3G3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Xisomab 3G3","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Xisomab 3G3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405388"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801969"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"801969"}]}}{"C156043":{"preferredName":"Zirconium Zr 89 Panitumumab","code":"C156043","definitions":[{"description":"A radioimmunoconjugate composed of panitumumab, a human immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; HER1; ErbB1), labeled with the radioisotope zirconium Zr 89, with potential use as an imaging agent upon positron emission tomography (PET). Upon administration of zirconium Zr 89 panitumumab, the antibody moiety targets and binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR on tumor cells. Upon PET imaging, EGFR-expressing tumor cells can be visualized and assessed. This allows quantification of EGFR-expressing tumor cells and may allow selection of patients that would respond to panitumumab therapy. 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Representative examples include teratoma, seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, dysgerminoma, and germinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of tumor that begins in the cells that give rise to sperm or eggs. Germ cell tumors can occur almost anywhere in the body and can be either benign or malignant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant, gonadal or extragonadal neoplasm that originates from germ cells. Representative examples include teratoma, seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, and yolk sac tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Germ Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Germ Cell Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Germ cell tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Germ Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Germ Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Germ Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Germ Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"germ cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205851"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Germ_Cell_Neoplasm"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Germ Cell Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Germ Cell Neoplasms"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Germ cell tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9064/3"}]}}{"C3055":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Tumor","code":"C3055","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, intermediate, or malignant tumor that arises from the bone or soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017525"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Giant_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant Cell Tumors"}]}}{"C3059":{"preferredName":"Glioma","code":"C3059","definitions":[{"description":"A general term for tumors of the central nervous system, including astrocytomas, ependymal tumors, glioblastoma multiforme, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant brain and spinal cord tumor that arises from glial cells (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells). Tumors that arise from astrocytes are called astrocytic tumors or astrocytomas. Tumors that arise from oligodendrocytes are called oligodendroglial tumors. Tumors that arise from ependymal cells are called ependymomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Neuroglia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Neuroglia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tumor of Neuroglia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Neuroglia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"glial tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017638"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neuroglial_Tumor"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Glioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gliomas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9380/3"}]}}{"C9357":{"preferredName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C9357","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer of the immune system that is marked by the presence of a type of cell called the Reed-Sternberg cell. The two major types of Hodgkin lymphoma are classical Hodgkin lymphoma and nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. Symptoms include the painless enlargement of lymph nodes, spleen, or other immune tissue. Other symptoms include fever, weight loss, fatigue, or night sweats.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the lymphatic system that is comprised of abnormal lymphocytes and is characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A lymphoma, previously known as Hodgkin's disease, characterized by the presence of large tumor cells in an abundant admixture of nonneoplastic cells. There are two distinct subtypes: nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Hodgkin lymphoma involves primarily lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hodgkin disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hodgkin disease, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Malignant lymphoma, Hodgkin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019829"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9650/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hodgkin_s_Lymphoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hodgkin Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, unspecified type, involving intrapelvic lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, unspecified type, involving intra-abdominal lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, unspecified type, involving intrathoracic lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, unspecified type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, unspecified type, unspecified site, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, Hodgkin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, unspecified type, involving lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, unspecified type, involving lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin disease, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9650/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, unspecified, lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, unspecified, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, unspecified, lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"}]}}{"C3161":{"preferredName":"Leukemia","code":"C3161","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer of the blood or bone marrow that is characterized by increased production of abnormal blood cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells, originating from myeloid or lymphoid stem cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow and causes large numbers of blood cells to be produced and enter the bloodstream.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant (clonal) hematologic disorder, involving hematopoietic stem cells and characterized by the presence of primitive or atypical myeloid or lymphoid cells in the bone marrow and the blood. Leukemias are classified as acute or chronic based on the degree of cellular differentiation and the predominant cell type present. Leukemia is usually associated with anemia, fever, hemorrhagic episodes, and splenomegaly. Common leukemias include acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, acute lymphoblastic or precursor lymphoblastic leukemia, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Treatment is vital to patient survival; untreated, the natural course of acute leukemias is normally measured in weeks or months, while that of chronic leukemias is more often measured in months or years.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood (Leukemia)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Blood (Leukemia)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Leukemia NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leukemia, Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Leukemias","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leukemias, General","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023418"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9800/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leukemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified leukaemias"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other leukemia of unspecified cell type without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other leukaemias of specified cell type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other leukemia of unspecified cell type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unspecified leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unspecified leukemia without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified leukemias"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified leukemias not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leukaemia of unspecified cell type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leukaemia, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9800/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leukemia, unspecified not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leukemias, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leukemia of unspecified cell type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leukemia, NOS"}]}}{"C4248":{"preferredName":"Lipomatous Neoplasm","code":"C4248","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, intermediate, or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm composed of adipose (fatty) tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adipose Tissue Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adipose Tissue Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipomatous Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipomatous Neoplasms","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lipomatous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206631"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lipomatous_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lipomatous Neoplasms"}]}}{"C3723":{"preferredName":"Lymphatic Vessel Neoplasm","code":"C3723","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from the lymphatic vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Vessel Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Vessel Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphatic Vessel Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphatic Vessel Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphatic Vessel Tumors","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Lymph Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Lymphatic Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Lymph Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Lymphatic Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Lymph Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Lymphatic Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Lymph Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Lymphatic Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206619"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphatic_Vessel_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphatic Vessel Tumors"}]}}{"C7539":{"preferredName":"Lymphoid Leukemia","code":"C7539","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells, originating from lymphoid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes (white blood cells).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant lymphocytic neoplasm of B-cell or T-cell lineage involving primarily the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. This category includes precursor or acute lymphoblastic leukemias and chronic leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, LYMPHOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoid leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"lymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023448"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"981-983"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9820/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphoid_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphosarcoma cell leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other lymphoid leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoid leukemia, subacute"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoid leukemia, unspecified not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unspecified lymphoid leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unspecified lymphoid leukemia without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other lymphoid leukemia not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other lymphoid leukemia without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphocytic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoid Leukemias"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9820/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphatic leukemic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoid leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoid leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoid leukaemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoid leukaemia, unspecified"}]}}{"C3208":{"preferredName":"Lymphoma","code":"C3208","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant (clonal) proliferation of B- lymphocytes or T- lymphocytes which involves the lymph nodes, bone marrow and/or extranodal sites. This category includes Non-Hodgkin lymphomas and Hodgkin lymphomas.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of lymphocytes of B- or T/NK-cell phenotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the lymphatic system that is comprised of abnormal lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cancer that begins in cells of the immune system. There are two basic categories of lymphomas. One kind is Hodgkin lymphoma, which is marked by the presence of a type of cell called the Reed-Sternberg cell. The other category is non-Hodgkin lymphomas, which includes a large, diverse group of cancers of immune system cells. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas can be further divided into cancers that have an indolent (slow-growing) course and those that have an aggressive (fast-growing) course. These subtypes behave and respond to treatment differently. Both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas can occur in children and adults, and prognosis and treatment depend on the stage and the type of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant (clonal) proliferation of B- lymphocytes or T- lymphocytes which involves the lymph nodes, bone marrow and/or extranodal sites. This category includes Non-Hodgkin lymphomas and Hodgkin lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPHOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lymphoma (Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma (Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoma (Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma (Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymphomatous","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024299"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9590/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other malignant lymphomas involving intrathoracic lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other malignant lymphomas involving lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other malignant lymphomas involving intra-abdominal lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other malignant lymphomas involving lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other malignant lymphomas, unspecified site, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other malignant lymphomas involving lymph nodes of inguinal region and lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9590/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other malignant lymphomas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant Lymphomas, NOS or Diffuse"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E180104"}]}}{"C9295":{"preferredName":"Mast Cell Neoplasm","code":"C9295","definitions":[{"description":"A growth or lump of mast cells (a type of white blood cell). Mast cell tumors can involve the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and muscle tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the abnormal growth and accumulation of mast cells in one or more organ systems. Recent data suggest that most variants of mast cell neoplasms are clonal disorders. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mast Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Proliferative Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Tumors","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mast cell tumor, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Mast Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Mast Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Mast Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Mast Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mast cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334664"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mast_Cell_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mast Cell Tumors"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mast cell tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9740/1"}]}}{"C7056":{"preferredName":"Mature B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C7056","definitions":[{"description":"A non-Hodgkin lymphoma that originates from mature B lymphocytes. Representative examples include diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and small lymphocytic lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mature B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature B-Cell Lymphomas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mature B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mature B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334634"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mature_B-Cell_Non-Hodgkin_s_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mature B-Cell Lymphomas"}]}}{"C3468":{"preferredName":"Mature T-Cell and NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C3468","definitions":[{"description":"One of a group of aggressive (fast-growing) non-Hodgkin lymphomas that begins in mature T lymphocytes (T cells that have matured in the thymus gland and goes to other lymphatic sites in the body, including lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"This type of lymphoma is not frequently seen in the western hemisphere. Clinically, with the exception of anaplastic large cell lymphoma, mature T- and NK-cell lymphomas are among the most aggressive of all hematopoietic neoplasms. Representative disease entities include mycosis fungoides, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mature T- and NK-Cell Lymphomas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mature T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature T-Cell and NK-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature T-Cell and NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mature T-Cell and NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mature T-Cell and NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature T-Cell and NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature T-and NK-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mature T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"peripheral T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079774"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9702/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mature_T-Cell_and_NK-Cell_Non-Hodgkin_s_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mature T/NK-cell lymphoma, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mature T/NK-cell lymphomas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mature T- and NK-Cell Lymphomas"}]}}{"C3230":{"preferredName":"Meningioma","code":"C3230","definitions":[{"description":"A type of slow-growing tumor that forms in the meninges (thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord). Meningiomas usually occur in adults.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A usually benign tumor that develops in the meninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A generally slow growing tumor attached to the dura mater. It is composed of neoplastic meningothelial (arachnoidal) cells. It typically occurs in adults, often women and it has a wide range of histopathological appearances. Of the various subtypes, meningothelial, fibrous and transitional meningiomas are the most common. Most meningiomas are WHO grade I tumors, and some are WHO grade II or III tumors. Most subtypes share a common clinical behavior, although some subtypes are more likely to recur and follow a more aggressive clinical course. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Meningioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Meningioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Meningioma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Meningiomas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025286"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9530/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Meningioma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meningioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meningiomas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9530/0"}]}}{"C4295":{"preferredName":"Mesonephric Neoplasm","code":"C4295","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of tumor, usually of the female genital tract, in which the insides of the cells look clear when viewed under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm of the female reproductive system arising from mesonephric remnants.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesonephric Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesonephric Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesonephric tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mesonephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesonephroma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mesonephromas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Wolffian Duct Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wolffian Duct Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wolffian duct tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"mesonephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334531"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9110/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mesonephric_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesonephromas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesonephroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wolffian duct tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9110/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesonephric tumor, NOS"}]}}{"C3786":{"preferredName":"Mesothelial Neoplasm","code":"C3786","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesothelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelial Neoplasms","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mesothelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3714739"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mesothelial_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesothelial Neoplasms"}]}}{"C9343":{"preferredName":"Bone Neoplasm","code":"C9343","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, intermediate, or malignant neoplasm involving the bone or articular cartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bone Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Bone Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone Tumors","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osseous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osseous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005967"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bone_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neoplasm of uncertain behavior of bone and articular cartilage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neoplasm of uncertain or unknown behaviour: Bone and articular cartilage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Miscellaneous Bone Tumors"}]}}{"C3247":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","code":"C3247","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by insufficiently healthy hematapoietic cell production by the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A group of diseases in which the bone marrow does not make enough healthy blood cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pre-malignant disorder characterized by blood cytopenias and abnormalities in bone marrow morphology.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A clonal hematopoietic disorder characterized by dysplasia and ineffective hematopoiesis in one or more of the hematopoietic cell lines. The dysplasia may be accompanied by an increase in myeloblasts, but the number is less than 20%, which, according to the WHO guidelines, is the requisite threshold for the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia. It may occur de novo or as a result of exposure to alkylating agents and/or radiotherapy. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dysmyelopoietic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoeitic - Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome/Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndromes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic syndrome, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic syndrome, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oligoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Preleukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Preleukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Smoldering Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"myelodysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"myelodysplastic syndromes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"preleukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"smoldering leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3463824"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9989/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myelodysplastic_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelodysplastic syndrome, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelodysplastic syndromes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelodysplastic syndrome, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Preleukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Preleukemic syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other myelodysplastic syndromes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9989/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"High grade myelodysplastic syndrome lesions"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelodysplastic syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelodysplastic Syndromes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Low grade myelodysplastic syndrome lesions"}]}}{"C3172":{"preferredName":"Myeloid Leukemia","code":"C3172","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells, originating from immature granulocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A clonal proliferation of myeloid cells and their precursors in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen. When the proliferating cells are immature myeloid cells and myeloblasts, it is called acute myeloid leukemia. When the proliferating myeloid cells are neutrophils, it is called chronic myelogenous leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, GRANULOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leukemia Granulocytic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leukemia Myeloid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Non-Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Non-lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023470"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9860/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myeloid_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other myeloid leukaemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-lymphocytic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other myeloid leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid leukemia, subacute"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unspecified myeloid leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unspecified myeloid leukemia without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other myeloid leukemia without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Subacute myeloid leukemia without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelocytic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelogenous leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9860/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granulocytic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid leukaemia, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid Leukemias"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid leukaemia"}]}}{"C4063":{"preferredName":"Myomatous Neoplasm","code":"C4063","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from smooth, skeletal, or cardiac muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Muscle Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muscle Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myomatous Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myomatous Neoplasms","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myomatous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0282606"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myomatous_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myomatous Neoplasms"}]}}{"C3262":{"preferredName":"Neoplasm","code":"C3262","definitions":[{"description":"An abnormal mass of tissue that results when cells divide more than they should or do not die when they should. Neoplasms may be benign (not cancer), or malignant (cancer).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant tissue growth resulting from uncontrolled cell proliferation. Benign neoplastic cells resemble normal cells without exhibiting significant cytologic atypia, while malignant cells exhibit overt signs such as dysplastic features, atypical mitotic figures, necrosis, nuclear pleomorphism, and anaplasia. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include papillomas, cystadenomas, and lipomas; malignant neoplasms include carcinomas, sarcomas, lymphomas, and leukemias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Neoplasm, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neoplasms, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neoplastic Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neoplastic Growth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tumor, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0375111"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neoplasm"},{"name":"Publish_Value_Set","value":"Yes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neoplasms, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neoplasms of unspecified nature"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neoplasm of unspecified nature, site unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8000/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neoplasm, NOS"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E18"}]}}{"C4972":{"preferredName":"Nerve Sheath Neoplasm","code":"C4972","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from the perineural cells in the sheaths surrounding the nerves. Representative examples include neurofibroma, schwannoma, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm of Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nerve Sheath Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nerve Sheath Tumors","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tumor of Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206727"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peripheral_Nerve_Sheath_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nerve sheath tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nerve Sheath Tumors"}]}}{"C3787":{"preferredName":"Neuroepithelial Neoplasm","code":"C3787","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm of the nervous system that arises from the neuroepithelial tissues. Representative examples include astrocytic tumors, oligodendroglial tumors, ependymal tumors, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm of Neuroepithelial Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Neuroepithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Neuroepithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepithelial Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepithelial Tissue Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepithelial Tissue Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepithelial Tumors","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepitheliomatous Neoplasms","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tumor of Neuroepithelial Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Neuroepithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Neuroepithelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206715"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neuroepithelial_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neuroepitheliomatous Neoplasms"}]}}{"C3286":{"preferredName":"Odontogenic Neoplasm","code":"C3286","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It occurs in the maxillofacial skeleton or the gingiva. Benign neoplasms are slow growing and are not associated with specific clinical symptoms. Pain is absent or slight. Malignant neoplasms are usually associated with rapid swelling and pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Odontogenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Tumors","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Odontogenic tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028880"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9270/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Odontogenic_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic Tumors"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9270/1"}]}}{"C4665":{"preferredName":"Plasma Cell Neoplasm","code":"C4665","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tumor that begins in plasma cells (white blood cells that produce antibodies). Multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and plasmacytoma are types of plasma cell tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A clonal proliferation of immunoglobulin-secreting plasma cells. This category includes plasma cell myeloma, plasma cell leukemia, plasmacytoma, monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease, and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLASMA CELL TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Dyscrasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Dyscrasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Tumors","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Plasma cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Plasmacytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Plasmacytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmacytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Plasmacytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmacytic Tumour","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"plasma cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1136084"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Plasma_Cell_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plasma Cell Tumors"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neoplasm of uncertain behavior of plasma cells"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plasma cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9731/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms"}]}}{"C9360":{"preferredName":"Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","code":"C9360","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of lymphoblasts (lymphoid precursor cells).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in which too many lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the lymph nodes and the thymus gland. These lymphoblasts may spread to other places in the body. It is most common in teenagers and young adults and affects more males than females. It may be a T or B cell type.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A lymphoma composed of immature small to medium-sized precursor lymphoid cells (lymphoblasts). It includes the B- and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPHOMA, LYMPHOBLASTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Precursor Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"precursor lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079748"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9727/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Precursor_Lymphoblastic_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoblastic (diffuse) lymphoma, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoblastic (diffuse) lymphoma, lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Precursor cell lymphoblastic lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, lymphoblastic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoblastic (diffuse) lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoblastic (diffuse) lymphoma, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9727/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoblastic (diffuse) lymphoma, intrathoracic lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoblastic (diffuse) lymphoma, lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoblastic (diffuse) lymphoma, intrapelvic lymph nodes"}]}}{"C3792":{"preferredName":"Squamous Cell Neoplasm","code":"C3792","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm that is composed of squamous epithelial cells. Squamous cell carcinoma is a representative example.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Neoplasms","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206720"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Squamous_Cell_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous Cell Neoplasms"}]}}{"C3411":{"preferredName":"Thymoma","code":"C3411","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor of the thymus, an organ that is part of the lymphatic system and is located in the chest, behind the breastbone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neoplasm arising from the epithelial cells of the thymus. Although thymomas are usually encapsulated tumors, they may invade the capsule and infiltrate the surrounding tissues or even metastasize to distant anatomic sites. The following morphologic subtypes are currently recognized: type A, type B, type AB, metaplastic, micronodular, microscopic, and sclerosing thymoma. Thymomas type B are further subdivided into types B1, B2, and B3. Thymoma type B3 usually has the most aggressive clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thymoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040100"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8580/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymic Epithelial Neoplasms"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8580/1"}]}}{"C3422":{"preferredName":"Trophoblastic Tumor","code":"C3422","definitions":[{"description":"A gestational or non-gestational neoplasm composed of neoplastic trophoblastic cells. Representative examples include hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trophoblastic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trophoblastic Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trophoblastic neoplasms","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0041182"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trophoblastic_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trophoblastic neoplasms"}]}}{"C48660":{"preferredName":"Not Applicable","code":"C48660","definitions":[{"description":"A report has been received but the description provided does not appear to relate to an adverse event. This code allows a report to be recorded for administration purposes, even if it doesn't meet the requirements for adverse event reporting.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Determination of a value is not relevant in the current context.","attr":"PQCMC","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Determination of a value is not relevant in the current context.","attr":"SPL","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Determination of a value is not relevant in the current context. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"If a value for test has to be provided, but has no given criteria (e.g., the result is for \"report only\" or \"monitoring\").","attr":"Stability","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Determination of a value is not relevant in the current context.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Does Not Apply","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N/A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"NA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"NA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"NA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"NOT APPLICABLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"NOT APPLICABLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"No Apparent Adverse Event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"No unit of measure required","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"UCUM"},{"termName":"Not Applicable","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Not Applicable","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Not Applicable","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ICDC"},{"termName":"Not Applicable","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not Applicable","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Not Applicable","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Not applicable","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"UCUM"},{"termName":"not applicable","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"{NA}","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"UCUM"},{"termName":"{Not applicable}","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"UCUM"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1272460"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Device Problem Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ICDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"UCUM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Not_Applicable"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Not Applicable"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:A25"}]}}{"C164339":{"preferredName":"Date of Diagnosis","code":"C164339","definitions":[{"description":"The date on which a diagnosis of disease was made.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Date of Diagnosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diagnosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"date of diagnosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"ICDC"},{"termName":"date_of_diagnosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ICDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2316983"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ICDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diagnosis"}]}}{"C164021":{"preferredName":"First Patient Visit Date","code":"C164021","definitions":[{"description":"The date for the first patient visit.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"First Patient Visit","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"First Patient Visit Date","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977238"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"First Patient Visit"}]}}{"C139171":{"preferredName":"Date of First Enrollment into Study","code":"C139171","definitions":[{"description":"Date and/or date and time of first subject enrollment into a study, as verifiable by a convention that is consistent with authoritative regulatory criteria. Compare to study start date. [Modified from ICH E3]","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"description":"Date or date and time of first subject enrollment into a study, as verifiable by a convention that is consistent with authoritative regulatory criteria. Compare with study start. [Modified from ICH E3] (CDISC Glossary)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The calendar date on which the first subject was enrolled into a study or trial.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Date of First Enrollment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Date of First Enrollment into Study","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Study Enrollment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"study initiation date (date of first enrollment)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526607"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Study Enrollment"}]}}{"C164022":{"preferredName":"First Treatment Date","code":"C164022","definitions":[{"description":"The date for the initiation of a patient treatment plan.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Date of First Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Date of First Treatment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Date of Initial Treatment","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"First Treatment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"First Treatment Date","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Initial Treatment Date","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977237"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"First Treatment"}]}}{"C164023":{"preferredName":"Initial Genomic Sequencing Date","code":"C164023","definitions":[{"description":"The date for the first round of genomic sequencing of a subject's DNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Date of Initial Genomic Sequencing","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Initial Genomic Sequencing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Initial Genomic Sequencing Date","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977236"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Initial Genomic Sequencing"}]}}{"C164024":{"preferredName":"Sample Procurement Date","code":"C164024","definitions":[{"description":"The date that a sample was collected or obtained.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sample Procurement Date","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sample Procurement Date","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977235"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sample Procurement"}]}}{"C171136":{"preferredName":"Date of Recurrence","code":"C171136","definitions":[{"description":"The date on which diagnosis of a recurring disease was made.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Date of Diagnosis of Recurrence","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Date of Recurrence","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recurrence","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Recurrence Date","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0807712"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Recurrence"}]}}{"C12763":{"preferredName":"Paranasal Sinus","code":"C12763","definitions":[{"description":"One of many small hollow spaces in the bones around the nose. Paranasal sinuses are named after the bones that contain them: frontal (the lower forehead), maxillary (cheekbones), ethmoid (beside the upper nose), and sphenoid (behind the nose). The paranasal sinuses open into the nasal cavity (space inside the nose) and are lined with cells that make mucus to keep the nose from drying out during breathing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The air-filled cavities adjacent to the nasal cavity lined by a mucous membrane and located in the bones of the skull.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any one of the air-filled spaces within the ethmoid, frontal, maxillary, or sphenoid bones, which communicate with the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Accessory Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Accessory Sinuses","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Accessory sinus, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Accessory sinuses","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nasal Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasal Sinuses","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasal and Sinuses","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARANASAL SINUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Paranasal Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paranasal Sinuses","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Paranasal Sinuses","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paranasal sinuses","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Sinuses, Nasal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinuses, Paranasal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"paranasal sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030471"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Paranasal_Sinus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Accessory sinuses"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paranasal Sinuses"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Accessory sinus, NOS"}]}}{"C12666":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Gland","code":"C12666","definitions":[{"description":"A small gland that makes steroid hormones, adrenaline, and noradrenaline. These hormones help control heart rate, blood pressure, and other important body functions. There are two adrenal glands, one on top of each kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The endocrine glands adjacent to the kidneys that consist of the outer adrenal cortex and the inner adrenal medulla in mammals.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A flattened, roughly triangular body resting upon the upper end of each kidney; it is one of the ductless glands furnishing internal secretions (epinephrine and norepinephrine from the medulla and steroid hormones from the cortex).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADRENAL GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adrenal Glands","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adrenal gland, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adrenals","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Adrenals","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLAND, ADRENAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"adrenal gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"suprarenal gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001625"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adrenal_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal gland, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal"}]}}{"C12228":{"preferredName":"Base of the Tongue","code":"C12228","definitions":[{"description":"The posterior one third of the tongue behind the terminal sulcus that forms the anterior aspect of the oro-pharynx responsible for swallowing and modification of the voice in speech.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Base of Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Base of the Tongue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Base of the Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Base of tongue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Base of tongue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Base of tongue, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Posterior Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0226958"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Base_of_the_Tongue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Base of tongue, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Base of tongue"}]}}{"C12414":{"preferredName":"Bladder","code":"C12414","definitions":[{"description":"The distensible sac-like organ that functions as a reservoir of urine, collecting from the kidneys and eliminating via the urethra. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The organ that stores urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The distensible sac-like organ that functions as a reservoir of urine, collecting from the kidneys and eliminating via the urethra.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLADDER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Bladder, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bladder, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"URINARY BLADDER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Urinary Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Urinary Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary System, Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005682"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bladder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bladder, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bladder"}]}}{"C164038":{"preferredName":"Limb Skeletal System","code":"C164038","definitions":[{"description":"The bones, joints, ligaments and cartilage found in the limbs (extremities).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Limb Skeletal System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skeletal System of the Extremities","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skeletal System of the Limb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977192"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bones, joints and articular cartilage of limbs"}]}}{"C12439":{"preferredName":"Brain","code":"C12439","definitions":[{"description":"An organ composed of grey and white matter that is the center for intelligence and reasoning. It is protected by the bony cranium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An organ composed of grey and white matter containing billions of neurons that is the center for intelligence and reasoning. It is protected by the bony cranium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Brain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Brain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Brain, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CNS-Brain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Nervous System, Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006104"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Brain"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Brain, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Brain"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000955"}]}}{"C12971":{"preferredName":"Breast","code":"C12971","definitions":[{"description":"Glandular organ located on the chest. The breast is made up of connective tissue, fat, and breast tissue that contains the glands that can make milk.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"One of two hemispheric projections of variable size situated in the subcutaneous layer over the pectoralis major muscle on either side of the chest. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of two hemispheric projections of variable size situated in the subcutaneous layer over the pectoralis major muscle on either side of the chest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BREAST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Breast, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Breasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006141"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Breast, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Breast"}]}}{"C92218":{"preferredName":"Lung/Bronchus","code":"C92218","definitions":[{"description":"A specimen that contains lung and bronchial tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sample that contains lung and bronchial tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bronchus and lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"LUNG/BRONCHUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lung/Bronchus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0545675"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchus and lung"}]}}{"C12311":{"preferredName":"Cervix Uteri","code":"C12311","definitions":[{"description":"The lower, narrow end of the uterus that forms a canal between the uterus and vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the uterus (or uterine horns) that empties into the vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower part of the uterus occupying the region between the isthmus of the uterus and the vagina. It is divided into supravaginal and vaginal portions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CERVIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CERVIX UTERI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cervix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cervix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Uteri","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cervix Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cervix uteri","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Genital System, Female, Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterus, Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cervix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007874"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cervix"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cervix uteri"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cervix"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000002"}]}}{"C12382":{"preferredName":"Colon","code":"C12382","definitions":[{"description":"The longest part of the large intestine, which is a tube-like organ connected to the small intestine at one end and the anus at the other. The colon removes water and some nutrients and electrolytes from partially digested food. The remaining material, solid waste called stool, moves through the colon to the rectum and leaves the body through the anus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the large intestine which extends from the cecum (or small intestine in animals that don't have a cecum) to the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the large intestine measured from the cecum to the rectum consisting of ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid portions. The purpose of the colon is to remove water from digested food prior to excretion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COLON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Colon, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"LARGE INTESTINE, COLON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009368"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Colon"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Colon, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Colon"}]}}{"C12316":{"preferredName":"Corpus Uteri","code":"C12316","definitions":[{"description":"The body of the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The body of the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The Corpus uteri, or body of uterus, is the part of the uterus above the isthmus, comprising about two thirds of the non-pregnant organ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CORPUS UTERI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Corpus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Corpus Uteri","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Corpus Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Corpus uteri","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Uterine Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Uterine Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterus, Corpus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Uterus, Corpus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"corpus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227813"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Corpus_Uteri"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Corpus uteri"}]}}{"C12389":{"preferredName":"Esophagus","code":"C12389","definitions":[{"description":"The muscular tube through which food passes from the throat to the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the digestive tract between the pharynx and stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the digestive canal between the pharynx and stomach. It is about 25 cm long and consists of three parts: the cervical part, from the cricoid cartilage to the thoracic inlet; thoracic part, from thoracic inlet to the diaphragm; and abdominal part, below the diaphragm to the cardiac opening of the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESOPHAGUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Esophagus, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract, Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014876"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Esophagus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Esophagus, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Esophagus"}]}}{"C54187":{"preferredName":"Floor of Mouth","code":"C54187","definitions":[{"description":"The area of the mouth under the ventral surface of the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The area of the mouth under the ventral surface of the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLOOR OF MOUTH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Floor Of Mouth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Floor of Mouth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Floor of Mouth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Floor of Mouth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Floor of mouth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Floor of mouth, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Floor of the Mouth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL435388"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Floor_of_the_Mouth"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Floor of mouth"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Floor of mouth, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Floor of Mouth"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Floor Of Mouth"}]}}{"C12377":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder","code":"C12377","definitions":[{"description":"A sac-like organ located adjacent to the liver that stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The pear-shaped organ found below the liver. Bile is concentrated and stored in the gallbladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pear-shaped organ located under the liver that stores and concentrates bile secreted by the liver. From the gallbladder the bile is delivered through the bile ducts into the intestine thereby aiding the digestion of fat-containing foods.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GALLBLADDER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gallbladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gallbladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Gallbladder / Biliar","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract, Gall Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gallbladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016976"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gallbladder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gallbladder"}]}}{"C32677":{"preferredName":"Gingiva","code":"C32677","definitions":[{"description":"The soft tissue surrounding the neck of individual teeth as well as covering the alveolar bone. The tissue is fibrous and continuous with the periodontal ligament and mucosal covering. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The tissue of the upper and lower jaws that surrounds the base of the teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The soft tissue surrounding the neck of individual teeth as well as covering the alveolar bone. The tissue is fibrous and continuous with the periodontal ligament and mucosal covering.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GINGIVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gingiva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gingiva","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Gingival","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gum, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"gingiva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"gums","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017562"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gingiva"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gum, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gum"}]}}{"C12246":{"preferredName":"Hypopharynx","code":"C12246","definitions":[{"description":"The bottom part of the throat. Cancer of the hypopharynx is also called hypopharyngeal cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The lower part of the pharynx that connects to the esophagus. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower part of the pharynx that connects to the esophagus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HYPOPHARYNX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hypopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hypopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypopharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypopharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Hypopharynx, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Laryngopharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Laryngopharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hypopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020629"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hypopharynx"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hypopharynx, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Laryngopharynx"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hypopharynx"}]}}{"C12415":{"preferredName":"Kidney","code":"C12415","definitions":[{"description":"One of a pair of organs in the abdomen. Kidneys remove waste from the blood (as urine), produce erythropoietin (a substance that stimulates red blood cell production), and play a role in blood pressure regulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The organs of the urinary tract located in the retroperitoneal cavity adjacent to the spine and composed of the renal cortex and the renal medulla.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the two bean-shaped organs located on each side of the spine in the retroperitoneum. The right kidney is located below the liver and the left kidney below the diaphragm. The kidneys filter and secrete metabolic products and minerals from the blood, thus maintaining homeostasis. On the superior pole of each kidney there is an adrenal gland. Each kidney and adrenal gland is surrounded by fat.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KIDNEY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Kidney, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Kidneys","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary System, Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022646"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Kidney"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Kidney, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Kidney"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0002113"}]}}{"C12420":{"preferredName":"Larynx","code":"C12420","definitions":[{"description":"The area of the throat containing the vocal cords and used for breathing, swallowing, and talking.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The cartilaginous structure of the respiratory tract between the pharynx and the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The cartilaginous structure of the respiratory tract between the pharynx and the trachea. It contains elastic vocal cords required for sound production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Head and Neck, Larynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LARYNX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Larynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Larynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Larynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Larynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Larynx, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"larynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"voice box","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023078"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Larynx"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Larynx, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Larynx"}]}}{"C12220":{"preferredName":"Lip","code":"C12220","definitions":[{"description":"Fleshy fold which surrounds the opening of the mouth. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Fleshy fold which surrounds the opening of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LIP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lip, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vermillion of the Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023759"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lip, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lip"}]}}{"C12745":{"preferredName":"Lymph Node","code":"C12745","definitions":[{"description":"A rounded mass of lymphatic tissue that is surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue. Lymph nodes filter lymph (lymphatic fluid), and they store lymphocytes (white blood cells). They are located along lymphatic vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Secondary lymphoid organ associated with lymphatic vessels and consisting of an outer cortex, inner medulla and sinuses.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A bean-shaped organ surrounded by a connective tissue capsule. It is part of the lymphatic system and is found throughout the body. It is composed predominantly of lymphocytes and its main function is immune protection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymph Nodes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Lymph Nodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph nodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymphatic Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Reticuloendothelial System, Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymph gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"lymph node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024204"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph node, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node, NOS"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000029"}]}}{"C12348":{"preferredName":"Meninges","code":"C12348","definitions":[{"description":"Any one of three membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The three thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any one of three membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MENINGES","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Meninges","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Meninges","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meninges, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"meninges","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025285"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Meninges"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meninges, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meninges"}]}}{"C12423":{"preferredName":"Nasopharynx","code":"C12423","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the pharynx above the soft palate, which is continuous with the nasal cavity and extends to the oropharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper part of the throat behind the nose. An opening on each side of the nasopharynx leads into the ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The part of the pharynx in the back of the throat, at and above the soft palate. The nasopharynx is continuous with the nasal passages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NASOPHARYNX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nasopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Nasopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nasopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasopharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Nasopharynx, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"nasopharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027442"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nasopharynx"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nasopharynx, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nasopharynx"}]}}{"C12762":{"preferredName":"Oropharynx","code":"C12762","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the pharynx between the soft palate and the upper portion of the epiglottis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the throat at the back of the mouth behind the oral cavity. It includes the back third of the tongue, the soft palate, the side and back walls of the throat, and the tonsils.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The part of the pharynx between the soft palate and the upper portion of the epiglottis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OROPHARYNX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oropharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Oropharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oropharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oropharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Oropharynx, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"oropharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0521367"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oropharynx"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oropharynx, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oropharynx"}]}}{"C148335":{"preferredName":"Other and Ill Defined Digestive Organs ICD-O-3","code":"C148335","definitions":[{"description":"Digestive organs that are referenced in topographic category C26 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Ill Defined Digestive Organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Ill Defined Digestive Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Ill Defined Digestive Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Other and ill-defined digestive organs","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL018352"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and ill-defined digestive organs"}]}}{"C148336":{"preferredName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites ICD-O-3","code":"C148336","definitions":[{"description":"Other anatomic sites that are referenced in topographic category C76 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites ICD-O-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Other and ill-defined sites","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL018612"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and ill-defined sites"}]}}{"C148337":{"preferredName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites in Lip, Oral Cavity and Pharynx ICD-O-3","code":"C148337","definitions":[{"description":"Anatomic sites in the lip, oral cavity and pharynx that are referenced in topographic category C14 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites in Lip, Oral Cavity and Pharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites in Lip, Oral Cavity and Pharynx ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites in Lip, Oral Cavity and Pharynx ICD-O-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Other and ill-defined sites in lip, oral cavity and pharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL025608"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and ill-defined sites in lip, oral cavity and pharynx"}]}}{"C148338":{"preferredName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites within Respiratory System and Intrathoracic Organs ICD-O-3","code":"C148338","definitions":[{"description":"Anatomic sites within the respiratory system and intrathoracic organs that are referenced in topographic category C39 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ill-defined sites within respiratory system","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites within Respiratory System and Intrathoracic Organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites within Respiratory System and Intrathoracic Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Ill-Defined Sites within Respiratory System and Intrathoracic Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Other and ill-defined sites within respiratory system and intrathoracic organs","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL025607"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and ill-defined sites within respiratory system and intrathoracic organs"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ill-defined sites within respiratory system"}]}}{"C148339":{"preferredName":"Other and Unspecified Female Genital Organs ICD-O-3","code":"C148339","definitions":[{"description":"Female genital organs that are referenced in topographic category C57 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Female Genital Organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Female Genital Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Female Genital Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Other and unspecified female genital organs","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Other specified parts of female genital organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL025605"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified parts of female genital organs"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified female genital organs"}]}}{"C148340":{"preferredName":"Other and Unspecified Major Salivary Glands ICD-O-3","code":"C148340","definitions":[{"description":"Major salivary glands that are referenced in topographic category C08 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Major Salivary Glands","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Major Salivary Glands ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Major Salivary Glands ICD-O-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Other and unspecified major salivary glands","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL018317"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified major salivary glands"}]}}{"C148341":{"preferredName":"Other and Unspecified Male Genital Organs ICD-O-3","code":"C148341","definitions":[{"description":"Male genital organs that are referenced in topographic category C63 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Male Genital Organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Male Genital Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Male Genital Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Other and unspecified male genital organs","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Other specified parts of male genital organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL365219"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified parts of male genital organs"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified male genital organs"}]}}{"C148342":{"preferredName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Biliary Tract ICD-O-3","code":"C148342","definitions":[{"description":"Components of the biliary tract that are referenced in topographic category C24 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Biliary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Biliary Tract ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Biliary Tract ICD-O-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Other and unspecified parts of biliary tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL018343"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified parts of biliary tract"}]}}{"C148343":{"preferredName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Mouth ICD-O-3","code":"C148343","definitions":[{"description":"Components of the mouth that are referenced in topographic category C06 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Mouth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Mouth ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Mouth ICD-O-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Other and unspecified parts of mouth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL025603"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified parts of mouth"}]}}{"C148344":{"preferredName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Tongue ICD-O-3","code":"C148344","definitions":[{"description":"Components of the tongue that are referenced in topographic category C02 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Tongue ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Parts of Tongue ICD-O-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Other and unspecified parts of tongue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL018300"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified parts of tongue"}]}}{"C148345":{"preferredName":"Other and Unspecified Urinary Organs ICD-O-3","code":"C148345","definitions":[{"description":"Urinary organs that are referenced in topographic category C68 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Urinary Organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Urinary Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other and Unspecified Urinary Organs ICD-O-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Other and unspecified urinary organs","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550961"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified urinary organs"}]}}{"C148346":{"preferredName":"Other Endocrine Glands and Related Structures ICD-O-3","code":"C148346","definitions":[{"description":"Endocrine glands and related structures that are referenced in topographic category C75 of ICD-O-3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other Endocrine Glands and Related Structures","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other Endocrine Glands and Related Structures ICD-O-3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other Endocrine Glands and Related Structures ICD-O-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Other endocrine glands and related structures","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL025599"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other endocrine glands and related structures"}]}}{"C12404":{"preferredName":"Ovary","code":"C12404","definitions":[{"description":"The female gonad.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The pair of female reproductive glands in which the ova, or eggs, are formed. The ovaries are located in the pelvis, one on each side of the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"One of the paired female reproductive glands containing the ova or germ cells; the ovary's stroma is a vascular connective tissue containing numbers of ovarian follicles enclosing the ova.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genital System, Female, Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OVARY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ovaries","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Ovaries","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ovary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"ovary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0029939"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ovary"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000992"}]}}{"C12229":{"preferredName":"Palate","code":"C12229","definitions":[{"description":"The roof of the mouth. The front portion is bony (hard palate), and the back portion is muscular (soft palate).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The roof of the oral cavity. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The roof of the oral cavity. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PALATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Palate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Palate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Palate, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"palate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700374"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Palate"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Palate, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Palate"}]}}{"C12393":{"preferredName":"Pancreas","code":"C12393","definitions":[{"description":"A digestive organ in the abdomen that has both endocrine and exocrine functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A glandular organ located in the abdomen. It makes pancreatic juices, which contain enzymes that aid in digestion, and it produces several hormones, including insulin. The pancreas is surrounded by the stomach, intestines, and other organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An organ behind the lower part of the stomach that is the shape of a fish and about the size of a hand. It is a compound gland composed of both exocrine and endocrine tissues. The endocrine pancreas makes insulin so that the body can use glucose (sugar) for energy. The exocrine pancreas makes enzymes that help the body digest food. Spread all over the pancreas are areas called the Islets of Langerhans. The cells in these areas each have a special purpose. The alpha cells make glucagon, which raises the level of glucose in the blood; the beta cells make insulin; the delta cells make somatostatin. There are also PP cells and D1 cells, about which little is known.","attr":"from Diabetes Dictionary: http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract, Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANCREAS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pancreas, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030274"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreas, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreas"}]}}{"C12427":{"preferredName":"Parotid Gland","code":"C12427","definitions":[{"description":"The salivary gland located adjacent to the ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The largest of the three paired salivary glands, located in front of the ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, SALIVARY, PAROTID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PAROTID GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Parotid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Parotid Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Parotid Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parotid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Parotid gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030580"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Parotid_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Parotid gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Parotid Gland"}]}}{"C12409":{"preferredName":"Penis","code":"C12409","definitions":[{"description":"An external male reproductive organ. It contains a tube called the urethra, which carries semen and urine to the outside of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The male organ of urination and copulation. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The male organ of urination and copulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genital System, Male, Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PENIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Penis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Penis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Penis, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"penis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030851"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Penis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Penis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Penis"}]}}{"C13272":{"preferredName":"Placenta","code":"C13272","definitions":[{"description":"An organ present in true mammals during embryonic developmen that provides the fetus with nutrients and oxygen, facilitates gas and waste exchange between the fetus and mother.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The organ that nourishes the developing fetus in the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An organ present in some vertebrates during embryonic gestation that surrounds the fetus and provides it with nutrients and oxygen, facilitates gas and waste exchange between the fetus and mother, and provides parasitic cloaking from the mother's immune system by excretion of neurokinin B.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLACENTA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Placenta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Placenta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placenta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Placental","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"placenta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032043"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Placenta"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Placenta"}]}}{"C12410":{"preferredName":"Prostate Gland","code":"C12410","definitions":[{"description":"A gland in the male reproductive system. The prostate surrounds the part of the urethra (the tube that empties the bladder) just below the bladder, and produces a fluid that forms part of the semen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The male reproductive accessory gland that produces prostatic fluid and is located adjacent to or around the urethra distal to the urinary bladder in mammals.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The walnut shaped accessory sex gland of the male reproductive system. It is located in the pelvis just below the bladder, surrounding the prostatic part of the urethra. The prostate gland secretes a fluid which is part of the semen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, PROSTATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Genital System, Male, Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PROSTATE GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Prostate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Prostate gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Prostatic Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"prostate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0033572"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Prostate_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prostate gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prostate"}]}}{"C33439":{"preferredName":"Pyriform Sinus","code":"C33439","definitions":[{"description":"A pear-shaped fossa in the wall of the laryngeal pharynx lateral to the arytenoid cartilage and medial to the lamina of the thyroid cartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Piriform Recess","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Piriform Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyriform Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyriform sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227170"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pyriform_Sinus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pyriform sinus"}]}}{"C54188":{"preferredName":"Rectosigmoid Region","code":"C54188","definitions":[{"description":"The area where the sigmoid colon joins the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The area where the sigmoid colon joins the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RECTOSIGMOID JUNCTION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rectosigmoid Junction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rectosigmoid Junction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectosigmoid Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectosigmoid Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rectosigmoid junction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709868"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rectosigmoid_Region"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectosigmoid junction"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectosigmoid Junction"}]}}{"C12390":{"preferredName":"Rectum","code":"C12390","definitions":[{"description":"The last several inches of the large intestine closest to the anus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The terminal portion of the large intestine extending from the terminus of the colon to the anus or anal canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The terminal portion of the gastrointestinal tract, extending from the rectosigmoid junction to the anal canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemorrhoidal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LARGE INTESTINE, RECTUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RECTUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rectum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rectum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rectum, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"rectum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034896"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rectum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectum, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectum"}]}}{"C12887":{"preferredName":"Renal Pelvis","code":"C12887","definitions":[{"description":"The area at the center of the kidney. Urine collects here and is funneled into the ureter, the tube that connects the kidney to the bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The funnel-shaped proximal portion of the ureter located within the kidney into which urine is secreted, from the collecting duct system of the kidney. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The funnel-shaped proximal portion of the ureter located within the kidney into which urine is secreted, from the collecting duct system of the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RENAL PELVIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Pelvis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Pelvis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Renal pelvis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"renal pelvis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227666"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Renal_Pelvis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal pelvis"}]}}{"C156712":{"preferredName":"Peritoneum and Retroperitoneum","code":"C156712","definitions":[{"description":"A term that refers to the peritoneum and the space behind it (retroperitoneum).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peritoneum and Retroperitoneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneum and peritoneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL018479"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retroperitoneum and peritoneum"}]}}{"C12470":{"preferredName":"Skin","code":"C12470","definitions":[{"description":"An organ that constitutes the external surface of the body. It consists of the epidermis, dermis, and skin appendages. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An organ that constitutes the external surface of the body. It consists of the epidermis, dermis, and skin appendages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Integument","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Integument","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Skin, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin, total","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"ICDO3: excludes skin of vulva C51._, skin of penis C60.9, skin of scrotum C63.2"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1123023"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Skin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin, total"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0002097"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000014"}]}}{"C12386":{"preferredName":"Small Intestine","code":"C12386","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the digestive tract that is located between the stomach and the large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The villous section of the intestine extending from the pylorus to the proximal large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The section of the intestines between the pylorus and cecum. The small intestine is approximately 20 feet long and consists of the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum. Its main function is to absorb nutrients from food as the food is transported to the large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract, Small Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMALL INTESTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Small Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Small Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Small Intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Small intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Small intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Small intestine, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"small intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021852"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Small_Intestine"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small intestine"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small intestine, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small Intestine"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small Bowel"}]}}{"C12391":{"preferredName":"Stomach","code":"C12391","definitions":[{"description":"An organ that is part of the digestive system. It helps in the digestion of food by mixing it with digestive juices and churning it into a thin liquid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the gastrointestinal tract located between the esophagus and the proximal duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An organ located under the diaphragm, between the liver and the spleen as well as between the esophagus and the small intestine. The stomach is the primary organ of food digestion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract, Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STOMACH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Stomach","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Stomach","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Stomach","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stomach","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stomach, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"stomach","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038351"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stomach"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stomach, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stomach"}]}}{"C12412":{"preferredName":"Testis","code":"C12412","definitions":[{"description":"One of two egg-shaped glands inside the scrotum that produce sperm and male hormones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The male gonad.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Either of the paired male reproductive glands that produce the male germ cells and the male hormones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genital System, Male, Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TESTIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Testes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Testicle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Testicle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Testis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Testis, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"testicle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039597"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Testis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Testis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Testis"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000473"}]}}{"C12433":{"preferredName":"Thymus Gland","code":"C12433","definitions":[{"description":"A primary lymphoid organ generally located in the mediastinum near the thoracic inlet and/or along lateral aspects of the neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An organ that is part of the lymphatic system, in which T lymphocytes grow and multiply. The thymus is in the chest behind the breastbone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bi-lobed organ surrounded by a connective tissue capsule. It is located in the upper anterior portion of the chest, behind the sternum. It is composed predominantly of lymphocytes and fewer epithelial cells. Connective tissue septa separate the lobes into lobules. The lobules contain an outer portion (cortical zone) which is rich in lymphocytes and an inner portion (medullary zone) which is rich in epithelial cells. It is an organ essential for the development of the immune system. Its function is the maturation of the progenitor lymphoid cells to thymocytes and subsequently to mature T-cells. It reaches its greatest weight at puberty and subsequently begins to involute.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Reticuloendothelial System, Thymus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THYMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"THYMUS GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thymus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thymus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymus Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymus Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thymus Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymus Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"thymus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040113"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thymus_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymus"}]}}{"C12400":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland","code":"C12400","definitions":[{"description":"A gland located beneath the larynx (voice box) that makes thyroid hormone and calcitonin. The thyroid gland helps regulate growth and metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Endocrine gland(s) adjacent to the trachea in mammals that produce thyroxine and other hormones.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An endocrine gland located at the base of the neck that produces and secretes thyroxine and other hormones. Thyroxine is important for metabolic control.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, THYROID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Head and Neck, Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THYROID GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Thyroid gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Total Thyroid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"thyroid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"thyroid gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040132"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroid_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thyroid gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thyroid"}]}}{"C12802":{"preferredName":"Tonsil","code":"C12802","definitions":[{"description":"A secondary lymphoid tissue in the mucosa of the pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of two small masses of lymphoid tissue on either side of the throat.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"excludes lingual tonsil C02.4 and pharyngeal tonsil C11.1","attr":null,"defSource":"ICDO3"},{"description":"The two organs situated in the throat on either side of the narrow passage from the mouth to the pharynx. They are composed of lymphoid tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TONSIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tonsil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Tonsil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tonsil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tonsil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tonsils","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tonsil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0836921"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tonsil"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tonsil"}]}}{"C12428":{"preferredName":"Trachea","code":"C12428","definitions":[{"description":"The airway that leads from the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi (large airways that lead to the lungs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The fibrocartilaginous tube extending from the larynx to the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fibrocartilaginous, mucous-lined tube passing from the larynx to the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRACHEA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trachea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Trachea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trachea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Windpipe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"trachea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"windpipe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040578"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trachea"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trachea"}]}}{"C12416":{"preferredName":"Ureter","code":"C12416","definitions":[{"description":"The tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tube that extends from each kidney to the urinary bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The thick-walled tube that carries urine from each kidney to the bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"URETER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ureter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ureter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ureter","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"ureter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0041951"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ureter"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ureter"}]}}{"C12405":{"preferredName":"Uterus","code":"C12405","definitions":[{"description":"A hollow muscular organ within which the fertilized egg implants and the embryo/fetus develops during pregnancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The small, hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman's pelvis. This is the organ in which a fetus develops.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A hollow, thick-walled, muscular organ located within the pelvic cavity of a woman. Within the uterus the fertilized egg implants and the fetus develops during pregnancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genital System, Female, Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UTERUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Uterine","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Utero","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Uterus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Uterus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Uterus, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Womb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"uterus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"womb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042149"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Uterus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Uterus, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Uterus"}]}}{"C12407":{"preferredName":"Vagina","code":"C12407","definitions":[{"description":"The female genital canal, extending from the uterus to the vulva. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The muscular canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The female genital canal, extending from the uterus to the vulva.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genital System, Female, Vagina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAGINA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vagina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vagina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vagina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Vagina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vagina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Vagina, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"birth canal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"vagina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042232"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vagina"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vagina, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vagina"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000996"}]}}{"C12408":{"preferredName":"Vulva","code":"C12408","definitions":[{"description":"The external female genital organs, including the clitoris, vaginal lips, and the opening to the vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The external, visible part of the female genitalia surrounding the urethral and vaginal opening(s).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The external, visible part of the female genitalia surrounding the urethral and vaginal opening. The vulva includes the clitoris and inner as well as outer labia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"External Genitalia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VULVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vulva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vulva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulva","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Vulva, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"vulva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042993"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vulva"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vulva, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vulva"}]}}{"C8278":{"preferredName":"Cancer-Related Condition","code":"C8278","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder either associated with an increased risk for malignant transformation (e.g., intraepithelial neoplasia, leukoplakia, dysplastic nevus, myelodysplastic syndrome) or that develops as a result of the presence of an existing malignant neoplasm (e.g., paraneoplastic syndrome).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer Related Condition","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer-Related Condition","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cancer-Related Condition","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer-Related Problem or Condition","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncologic Complications","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cancer related problem/condition","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"problem/condition, cancer related","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"problem/condition, cancer-related","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2242489"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cancer-Related_Condition"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cancer Related"}]}}{"C9439":{"preferredName":"Chronic Kidney Disease, Stage 5","code":"C9439","definitions":[{"description":"Long-standing and persistent renal disease with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 15 ml/min.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Kidney Disease, Stage 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESRD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESRD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"End Stage Kidney Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"End Stage Kidney Failure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"End Stage Renal Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"End Stage Renal Failure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"End-stage Renal Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1261469"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"End_Stage_Renal_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"End-stage Renal Disease"}]}}{"C26726":{"preferredName":"Infectious Disorder","code":"C26726","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder resulting from the presence and activity of a microbial, viral, fungal, or parasitic agent. It can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A disorder resulting from the presence and activity of a microbial, viral, or parasitic agent. It can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Invasion and multiplication of germs in the body. Infections can occur in any part of the body and can spread throughout the body. The germs may be bacteria, viruses, yeast, or fungi. They can cause a fever and other problems, depending on where the infection occurs. When the body's natural defense system is strong, it can often fight the germs and prevent infection. Some cancer treatments can weaken the natural defense system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The report describes a non-specific or unidentified infection. Note: Please use the appropriate term if the report describes a specific infection. i.e. Bacterial Infection E1901, Fungal Infection E1902, Viral Infection E1907, or a relevant Level 3 term where more detail is available.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A disorder resulting from the presence and activity of a microbial, viral, fungal, or parasitic agent. It can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clinical Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"ID","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"INFECTION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infectious","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infectious Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Infectious Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infectious Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Infectious Diseases and Manifestations","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infectious Disorder","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Infectious Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infectious Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Infectious Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Unspecified Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009450"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infectious_Disorder"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Infectious Disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified infectious diseases"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infection"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E1906"}]}}{"C156428":{"preferredName":"Non-Cancer Related Death","code":"C156428","definitions":[{"description":"A death attributed to any cause other than the progression of a cancer-related pathologic condition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Cancer Death","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Cancer Related","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Non-Cancer Related Death","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not Cancer Related","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Not Cancer Related","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563162"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Not Cancer Related"}]}}{"C85075":{"preferredName":"Spinal Muscular Atrophy","code":"C85075","definitions":[{"description":"An inherited disorder characterized by degeneration of the spinal cord and the cerebellum. 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The definition of N2a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in 4 to 9 axillary lymph nodes (at least 1 tumor deposit greater than 2.0 mm); for cutaneous melanoma it refers to micrometastases in 2-3 regional lymph nodes; for colorectal cancer it refers to metastases in 4-6 regional lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"N2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2a Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"N2a TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0445079"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"N2a_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"N2a"}]}}{"C48712":{"preferredName":"N2b Stage Finding","code":"C48712","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in several regional lymph nodes. The definition of N2b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases only in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary nodes and in the absence of clinically evident level I, II axillary lymph node metastases; for cutaneous melanoma it refers to macrometastases in 2-3 regional lymph nodes; for colorectal cancer it refers to metastases in seven or more regional lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"N2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2b Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"N2b TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0445080"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"N2b_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"N2b"}]}}{"C48713":{"preferredName":"N2c Stage Finding","code":"C48713","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in several regional lymph nodes. The definition of N2c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for cutaneous melanoma it refers to intralymphatic metastases (in transit or satellite metastases) without metastatic nodes; for lip and oral cavity cancer it refers to metastases in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N2c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"N2c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N2c Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"N2c TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N2c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0445081"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"N2c_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"N2c"}]}}{"C48714":{"preferredName":"N3 Stage Finding","code":"C48714","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3 TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in 10 or more axillary lymph nodes; for cutaneous melanoma it refers to metastases in 4 or more regional lymph nodes; for gastric cancer it refers to metastases in 7 or more regional lymph nodes; and for bladder cancer it refers to metastases in common iliac lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"N3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"N3 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0441961"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"N3_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"N3"}]}}{"C48715":{"preferredName":"N3a Stage Finding","code":"C48715","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in 10 or more axillary lymph nodes (at least one tumor deposit greater than 2.0 mm) or metastases to the infraclavicular (level III axillary) lymph nodes; for gastric cancer it refers to metastases in 7-15 regional lymph nodes; for nasopharyngeal cancer it refers to metastases to one or more lymph nodes greater than 6 cm in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N3a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"N3a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3a Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"N3a TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N3a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709108"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"N3a_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"N3a"}]}}{"C48716":{"preferredName":"N3b Stage Finding","code":"C48716","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary lymph nodes in the presence of one or more positive axillary lymph nodes, or in more than 3 axillary lymph nodes and in internal mammary lymph nodes with micrometastases or macrometastases detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy but not clinically detected; for gastric cancer it refers to metastases in sixteen or more regional lymph nodes; for nasopharyngeal cancer it refers to extension to the supraclavicular fossa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N3b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"N3b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3b Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"N3b TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N3b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709109"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"N3b_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"N3b"}]}}{"C48717":{"preferredName":"N3c Stage Finding","code":"C48717","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage N3c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"N3c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N3c Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"N3c TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage N3c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709110"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"N3c_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"N3c"}]}}{"C96026":{"preferredName":"N4 Stage Finding","code":"C96026","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N4 TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for ocular adnexal lymphoma it refers to metastases to central lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"N4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"N4 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N4 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0332382"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"N4"}]}}{"C48718":{"preferredName":"NX Stage Finding","code":"C48718","definitions":[{"description":"A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that the status of regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Stage NX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"NX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Lymph Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Lymph Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Node Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Node Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Regional Lymph Node Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Regional Lymph Nodes Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NX Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"NX TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Node Stage NX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0445085"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"NX_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"NX"}]}}{"C28051":{"preferredName":"Stage 0","code":"C28051","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer confined to the epithelium without invasion of the basement membrane.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage 0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0441763"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage 0"}]}}{"C27964":{"preferredName":"Stage 0a","code":"C27964","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer confined to the epithelium with formation of papillary structures without invasion of the basement membrane or noninvasive localized squamous cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 0a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage 0a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0441764"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_0a"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage 0a"}]}}{"C27965":{"preferredName":"Stage 0is","code":"C27965","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer confined to the epithelium with formation of a flat surface without invasion of the basement membrane.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 0is","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage 0is","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0is","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0441765"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_0is"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage 0is"}]}}{"C27966":{"preferredName":"Stage I","code":"C27966","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cancer confined to the original anatomic site of growth without lymph node involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Stage I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0441766"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_I"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage I"}]}}{"C27975":{"preferredName":"Stage IA","code":"C27975","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cancer confined to the original anatomic site of growth without lymph node involvement. The definition of stage IA depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, stage IA is defined as follows: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. T1 includes T1mi. T1mi: Tumor 1 mm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis. M0 includes M0(i+); for bone cancer, stage IA is defined as follows: T1, N0, M0, G1, GX. T1: Tumor 8 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well differentiated-low grade. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (partially adapted from AJCC 8th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0456595"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IA"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IA"}]}}{"C27983":{"preferredName":"Stage IA1","code":"C27983","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term referring to invasive cervical and lung cancer. For cervical cancer, it includes: T1a1, N0, M0. T1a1: Tumor with stromal invasion 3.0 mm or less in depth and 7.0 mm or less in horizontal spread. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. For lung cancer, it includes: (T1mi, N0, M0); (T1a, N0, M0). T1mi: Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma: adenocarcinoma (3 cm or less in greatest dimension) with a predominantly lepidic pattern and 5 mm or less invasion in greatest dimension. T1a: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less in greatest dimension. A superficial, spreading tumor of any size whose invasive component is limited to the bronchial wall and may extend proximal to the main bronchus also is classified as T1a, but these tumors are uncommon. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (adapted from AJCC)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0458828"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IA1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IA1"}]}}{"C27984":{"preferredName":"Stage IA2","code":"C27984","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term referring to invasive cervical cancer and invasive lung cancer. For cervical cancer, it includes: T1a2, N0, M0. T1a2: Tumor with stromal invasion more than 3.0 mm and not more than 5.0 mm with a horizontal spread 7.0 mm or less. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. For lung cancer, it includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Tumor measuring more than 1 cm but 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (adapted from AJCC)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IA2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IA2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0458829"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IA2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IA2"}]}}{"C136485":{"preferredName":"Stage IA3","code":"C136485","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term referring to invasive lung cancer. It includes: T1c, N0, M0. T1c: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (adapted from AJCC)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IA3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IA3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523788"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IA3"}]}}{"C27976":{"preferredName":"Stage IB","code":"C27976","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cancer confined to the original anatomic site of growth without lymph node involvement. The definition of stage IB depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, stage IB is defined as follows: (T0, N1mi, M0); (T1, N1mi, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. T1 includes T1mi. T1mi: Tumor 1 mm or less in greatest dimension. N1mi: Nodal micrometastases. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis. M0 includes M0(i+); for bone cancer, stage IB is defined as follows: (T2, N0, M0, G1, G2, GX); (T3, N0, M0, G1, G2, GX). T2: Tumor more than 8 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Discontinuous tumors in the primary bone site. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well differentiated-low grade. G2: Moderately differentiated-low grade. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0456597"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IB"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IB"}]}}{"C28052":{"preferredName":"Stage IB1","code":"C28052","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term referring to invasive cervical cancer that is confined to the cervix without lymph node involvement. It includes: T1b1, N0, M0. T1b1: Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (partially adapted from AJCC)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IB1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IB1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519505"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IB1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IB1"}]}}{"C28053":{"preferredName":"Stage IB2","code":"C28053","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term referring to invasive cervical cancer that is confined to the cervix without lymph node involvement. It includes: T1b2, N0, M0. T1b2: Clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (partially adapted from AJCC)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IB2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IB2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IB2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519506"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IB2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IB2"}]}}{"C27981":{"preferredName":"Stage IC","code":"C27981","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer stage generally indicating the local invasion of tissues by cancer at the primary site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0456607"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IC"}]}}{"C28054":{"preferredName":"Stage II","code":"C28054","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cancer more extensive than stage I, usually involving local lymph nodes without spread to distant anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Stage II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0441767"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_II"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage II"}]}}{"C27967":{"preferredName":"Stage IIA","code":"C27967","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cancer more extensive than stage I, usually involving local lymph nodes without spread to distant anatomic sites. The definition of stage IIA depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, stage IIA is defined as follows: (T0, N1, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. T1 includes T1mi. T1mi: Tumor 1 mm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor more than 20 mm but not more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. N1: Metastasis to movable ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph node(s). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis. M0 includes M0(i+); for bone cancer, stage IIA is defined as follows: T1, N0, M0, G3, G4. T1: Tumor 8 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G3: Poorly differentiated. G4: Undifferentiated. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0441768"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IIA"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIA"}]}}{"C95177":{"preferredName":"Stage IIA1","code":"C95177","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term that applies to cervical cancer and indicates that the tumor invades beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of vagina. There is no parametrial invasion. The lesion is clinically visible and measures 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IIA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986966"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIA1"}]}}{"C95178":{"preferredName":"Stage IIA2","code":"C95178","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term that applies to cervical cancer and indicates that the tumor invades beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of vagina. There is no parametrial invasion. The lesion is clinically visible and measures more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIA2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IIA2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986967"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIA2"}]}}{"C27968":{"preferredName":"Stage IIB","code":"C27968","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cancer more extensive than stage I, usually involving local lymph nodes without spread to distant anatomic sites. The definition of stage IIB depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, stage IIB is defined as follows: (T2, N1, MO); (T3, NO, MO). T2: Tumor more than 20 mm but not more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. N1: Metastasis to movable ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph node(s). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis. M0 includes M0(i+); for bone cancer, stage IIB is defined as follows: T2, N0, M0, G3, G4. T2: Tumor more than 8 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G3: Poorly differentiated. G4: Undifferentiated. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0441769"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IIB"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIB"}]}}{"C27969":{"preferredName":"Stage IIC","code":"C27969","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer stage generally indicating the invasion of adjacent structures by cancer without distant metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0441770"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IIC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIC"}]}}{"C27970":{"preferredName":"Stage III","code":"C27970","definitions":[{"description":"Locally advanced cancer that has spread to nearby organs but not to distant anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Stage III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0441771"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_III"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage III"}]}}{"C27977":{"preferredName":"Stage IIIA","code":"C27977","definitions":[{"description":"Locally advanced cancer that has spread to nearby organs but not to distant anatomic sites. The definition of stage IIIA depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, stage IIIA is defined as follows: (T0, N2, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. T1 includes T1mi. T1mi: Tumor 1 mm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor more than 20 mm but not more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. N1: Metastasis to movable ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph node(s). N2: Metastases in ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph nodes that are clinically fixed or matted; or in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary nodes in the absence of clinically evident axillary lymph node metastases. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis. M0 includes M0(i+); for cervical cancer, stage IIIA is defined as follows: T3a, N0, M0. T3a: Tumor involves lower third of vagina, no extension to pelvic wall. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IIIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIIA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0456598"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IIIA"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIIA"}]}}{"C27978":{"preferredName":"Stage IIIB","code":"C27978","definitions":[{"description":"Locally advanced cancer that has spread to nearby organs but not to distant anatomic sites. The definition of stage IIIB depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, stage IIIB is defined as follows: (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (T4, N2, M0). T4: Tumor of any size with direct extension to the chest wall and/or to the skin (ulceration or skin nodules). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis to movable ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph node(s). N2: Metastases in ipsilateral level I, II axillary lymph nodes that are clinically fixed or matted; or in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary nodes in the absence of clinically evident axillary lymph node metastases. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis. M0 includes M0(i+); for cervical cancer, stage IIIB is defined as follows: (T3b, Any N, M0); (T1-3, N1, M0). T3: Tumor extends to pelvic wall and/or involves lower third of vagina, and/or causes hydronephrosis or non-functioning kidney. T3b: Tumor extends to pelvic wall and/or causes hydronephrosis or non-functioning kidney. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IIIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIIB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0456599"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IIIB"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIIB"}]}}{"C27982":{"preferredName":"Stage IIIC","code":"C27982","definitions":[{"description":"Locally advanced cancer that has spread to nearby organs but not to distant anatomic sites. The definition of stage IIIC depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, stage IIIC is defined as follows: Any T, N3, M0. N3: Metastases in ipsilateral infraclavicular (level III) axillary lymph nodes(s) with or without level I, II axillary lymph node involvement; or in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary lymph node(s) with clinically evident level I, II axillary lymph node metastases; or metastases in ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node(s) with or without axillary or internal mammary lymph node involvement. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis. M0 includes M0(i+); for appendix carcinoma, stage IIIC is defined as follows: Any T, N2, M0. N2: Metastasis in four or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IIIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIIC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0456608"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IIIC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIIC"}]}}{"C95180":{"preferredName":"Stage IIIC2","code":"C95180","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term that applies to uterine corpus cancer and indicates that the tumor is confined to the corpus uteri, or it invades stromal connective tissue of the cervix but does not extend beyond the uterus, or it involves serosa and/or adnexa, vagina, or parametrial tissue. There is regional lymph node metastasis to para-aortic lymph nodes, with or without positive pelvic lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIIC2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IIIC2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986969"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIIC2"}]}}{"C28285":{"preferredName":"Stage Is","code":"C28285","definitions":[{"description":"Testicular cancer found in the testicle, spermatic cord and scrotum, associated with slightly elevated levels of all tumor markers or moderately/highly elevated levels of one or more tumor markers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 1S","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage Is","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0730490"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_Is"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IS"}]}}{"C27971":{"preferredName":"Stage IV","code":"C27971","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that has spread to distant anatomic sites beyond its original site of growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Stage IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0441772"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IV"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IV"}]}}{"C27979":{"preferredName":"Stage IVA","code":"C27979","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that has spread to distant anatomic sites beyond its original site of growth. The definition of stage IVA depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for bone cancer, stage IVA is defined as follows: Any T, N0, M1a, Any G. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M1a: Distant metastasis to lung; for vaginal cancer, stage IVA is defined as follows: T4, Any N, M0. T4: Tumor invades mucosa of the bladder or rectum and/or extends beyond the true pelvis (bullous edema is not sufficient evidence to classify a tumor as T4). M0: No distant metastasis. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IVA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0456600"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IVA"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IVA"}]}}{"C27980":{"preferredName":"Stage IVB","code":"C27980","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that has spread to distant anatomic sites beyond its original site of growth. The definition of stage IVB depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for bone cancer, stage IVB is defined as follows: (Any T, N1, Any M, Any G); (Any T, Any N, M1b, Any G). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M1b: Metastasis to other distant sites; for vaginal cancer, stage IVB is defined as follows: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (partially adapted from AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IVB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IVB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IVB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0456601"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IVB"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IVB"}]}}{"C28055":{"preferredName":"Stage IVC","code":"C28055","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that has spread to distant anatomic sites beyond its original site of growth. The definition of stage IVC depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for head and neck carcinomas (lip and oral cavity carcinoma, laryngeal carcinoma, nasal cavity and paranasal sinus carcinoma, pharynx carcinoma, thyroid gland carcinoma, and major salivary gland carcinoma) and head and neck mucosal melanoma, stage IVC is defined as follows: any T, any N, M1; for appendix carcinoma, stage IVC is defined as follows: any T, any N, M1b, any G. M1: Distant metastasis. M1b: Nonperitoneal metastasis. G: Grade (cellular differentiation).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IVC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IVC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IVC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0441774"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_IVC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IVC"}]}}{"C48738":{"preferredName":"Tis Stage Finding","code":"C48738","definitions":[{"description":"A term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor microscopically defined as carcinoma in situ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage Tis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tis TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage Tis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475413"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tis_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage Tis"}]}}{"C95957":{"preferredName":"Stage X","code":"C95957","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term that is applied to patients who have not been evaluated, but are presumed to have cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage X","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage X","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272459"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage X"}]}}{"C95179":{"preferredName":"Stage IIIC1","code":"C95179","definitions":[{"description":"A stage term that applies to uterine corpus cancer and indicates that the tumor is confined to the corpus uteri, or it invades the stromal connective tissue of the cervix but does not extend beyond the uterus, or it involves serosa and/or adnexa, vagina, or parametrial tissue. There is regional lymph node metastasis to the pelvic lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIIC1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IIIC1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986968"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIIC1"}]}}{"C48719":{"preferredName":"T0 Stage Finding","code":"C48719","definitions":[{"description":"A primary tumor TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of primary tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T0 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T0 Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475371"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T0_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T0"}]}}{"C48720":{"preferredName":"T1 Stage Finding","code":"C48720","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical and/or pathologic primary tumor TNM finding indicating that the cancer is limited to the site of growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T1 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1 Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475372"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T1_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T1"}]}}{"C48721":{"preferredName":"T1a Stage Finding","code":"C48721","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor limited to the site of growth. The definition of T1a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is more than 0.1cm, but not more than 0.5 cm in greatest dimension; for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is 4 cm or less in greatest dimension; and for thyroid cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is 1 cm or less in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T1a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T1a TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T1a Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475383"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T1a_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T1a"}]}}{"C139711":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer pT1a1 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139711","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cervical carcinoma with measured stromal invasion of 3.0 mm or less in depth and 7.0 mm or less in horizontal spread. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer pT1a1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma pT1a1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pT1a1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537807"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T1a1"}]}}{"C139712":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer pT1a2 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139712","definitions":[{"description":"Invasive cervical carcinoma with measured stromal invasion of more than 3.0 mm and not more than 5.0 mm, with a horizontal spread of 7.0 mm or less. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer pT1a2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma pT1a2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pT1a2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537806"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T1a2"}]}}{"C48722":{"preferredName":"T1b Stage Finding","code":"C48722","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor limited to the site of growth. 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(from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer cT1b1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma cT1b1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537810"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T1b1"}]}}{"C139693":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer cT1b2 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139693","definitions":[{"description":"Cervical cancer with clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IB2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer cT1b2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IB2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma cT1b2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537809"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T1b2"}]}}{"C48723":{"preferredName":"T1c Stage Finding","code":"C48723","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor limited to the site of growth. 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The definition of T2a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that measures more than 7 cm but less than or equal to 10 cm in greatest dimension, and is limited to the kidney; for bladder cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the superficial muscularis propria (inner half); for cervical cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of vagina and there is no parametrial invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T2a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T2a TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2a Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T2a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475387"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T2a_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T2a"}]}}{"C139696":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer cT2a1 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139696","definitions":[{"description":"Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina without parametrial invasion. 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(from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IIA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer cT2a2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IIA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma cT2a2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537821"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T2a2"}]}}{"C48726":{"preferredName":"T2b Stage Finding","code":"C48726","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor growth beyond the level of in situ cancer, minimal subepithelial invasion, or minimal greatest diameter. The definition of T2b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that measures more than 10 cm in greatest dimension, and is limited to the kidney; for bladder cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the deep muscularis propria (outer half); for cervical cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of vagina and there is parametrial invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T2b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T2b TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2b Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T2b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475388"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T2b_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T2b"}]}}{"C48727":{"preferredName":"T2c Stage Finding","code":"C48727","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor growth beyond the level of in situ cancer, minimal subepithelial invasion, or minimal greatest diameter. The definition of T2c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for prostate cancer it refers to a primary tumor that involves both lobes of the prostate gland; for ovarian cancer it refers to a primary tumor that involves one or both ovaries with extension or implants on the uterus and/or fallopian tubes, or other pelvic tissues, with malignant cells in either ascites or peritoneal washings; for fallopian tube cancer it refers to a primary tumor with pelvic extension and malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T2c","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T2c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T2c TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2c Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T2c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475389"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T2c_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T2c"}]}}{"C148411":{"preferredName":"T2d Stage Finding","code":"C148411","definitions":[{"description":"A TNM stage finding term that refers to choroidal and ciliary body melanoma or conjunctival melanoma TNM staging. For choroidal and ciliary body melanoma it means tumor size category 2 with ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension 5 mm or less in largest diameter. For conjunctival melanoma it means caruncular tumor, and more than 1 quadrant of the nonbulbar conjunctiva involved. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T2d","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T2d","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T2d Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T2d","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3854130"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T2d"}]}}{"C48728":{"preferredName":"T3 Stage Finding","code":"C48728","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical and/or pathologic primary tumor TNM finding usually indicating that the cancer is locally invasive, without infiltration of adjacent structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T3 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475374"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T3_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T3"}]}}{"C48729":{"preferredName":"T3a Stage Finding","code":"C48729","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor usually indicating that the cancer is locally invasive. The definition of T3a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that grossly extends into the renal vein or its segmental (muscle containing) branches or the tumor invades perirenal and/or renal sinus fat but does not extends beyond Gerota's fascia; for cervical cancer it refers to a primary tumor that involves the lower third of vagina, without extension to pelvic wall; for liver cancer it refers to the presence of multiple tumors measuring more than 5 cm in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T3a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T3a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T3a TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3a Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T3a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475390"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T3a_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T3a"}]}}{"C48730":{"preferredName":"T3b Stage Finding","code":"C48730","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor usually indicating that the cancer is locally invasive. The definition of T3b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that grossly extends into the vena cava below the diaphragm; for cervical cancer it refers to a primary tumor that extends to the pelvic wall and/or causes hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney; for liver cancer it refers to a single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T3b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T3b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T3b TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3b Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T3b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475391"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T3b_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T3b"}]}}{"C48731":{"preferredName":"T3c Stage Finding","code":"C48731","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor usually indicating that the cancer is locally invasive. The definition of T3c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that grossly extends into the vena cava above the diaphragm, or invades the wall of the vena cava; for fallopian tube cancer it refers to a primary tumor with peritoneal metastasis outside the pelvis measuring more than 2 cm in diameter; for melanoma of the conjunctiva it refers to a primary tumor invading the orbit.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T3c","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T3c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T3c TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3c Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T3c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475394"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T3c_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T3c"}]}}{"C148412":{"preferredName":"T3d Stage Finding","code":"C148412","definitions":[{"description":"A TNM stage finding term that refers to choroidal and ciliary body melanoma, conjunctival melanoma, or retinoblastoma TNM staging. For choroidal and ciliary body melanoma it means tumor size category 3 with ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension 5 mm or less in largest diameter. For conjunctival melanoma it means tumor of any size invading the nasolacrimal duct and/or lacrimal sac and/or paranasal sinuses. For retinoblastoma it means hyphema and/or massive vitreous hemorrhage (clinical) or full-thickness invasion into the outer third of the sclera and/or invasion into or around emissary channels (pathologic). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T3d","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T3d","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3d Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T3d","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3854131"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T3d"}]}}{"C48732":{"preferredName":"T4 Stage Finding","code":"C48732","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical and/or pathologic primary tumor TNM finding indicating direct invasion of adjacent structures by cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T4 TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4 Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475751"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T4_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T4"}]}}{"C48733":{"preferredName":"T4a Stage Finding","code":"C48733","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor with direct invasion of adjacent structures. The definition of T4a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for bladder cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the prostatic stroma, uterus, and vagina; for gastric cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum); for colorectal cancer it refers to a primary tumor that penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T4a","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T4a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T4a TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4a Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T4a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475395"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T4a_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T4a"}]}}{"C48734":{"preferredName":"T4b Stage Finding","code":"C48734","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor with direct invasion of adjacent structures. The definition of T4b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for bladder cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the pelvic wall and abdominal wall; for gastric cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades adjacent structures; for colorectal cancer it refers to a primary tumor with direct invasion or adherence to other organs or structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T4b","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T4b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T4b TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4b Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T4b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475396"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T4b_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T4b"}]}}{"C48735":{"preferredName":"T4c Stage Finding","code":"C48735","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor with direct invasion of adjacent structures. The definition of T4c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to a primary tumor that extends to the chest wall, not including the pectoralis muscle, and with edema (including peau d'orange) or ulceration of the skin of the breast or satellite skin nodules confined to the same breast; for ocular adnexal lymphoma it refers to a primary tumor that Involves the maxillofacial, ethmoidal, and/or frontal sinuses; for carcinoma of the conjunctiva it refers to a primary tumor that invades adjacent paranasal sinuses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T4c","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T4c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T4c TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4c Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T4c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475397"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T4c_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T4c"}]}}{"C48736":{"preferredName":"T4d Stage Finding","code":"C48736","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor with direct invasion of adjacent structures. The definition of T4d TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to a primary tumor that meets the clinical-pathologic criteria of inflammatory carcinoma; for ocular adnexal lymphoma it refers to a primary tumor with intracranial spread; for carcinoma of the conjunctiva it refers to a primary tumor that invades the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T4d","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T4d","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T4d TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T4d Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage T4d","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475398"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T4d_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T4d"}]}}{"C140651":{"preferredName":"Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanoma pT4e TNM Finding v8","code":"C140651","definitions":[{"description":"Choroidal and ciliary body melanoma, any tumor size category with extraocular extension more than 5 mm in largest diameter. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanoma pT4e TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pT4e","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL538773"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T4e"}]}}{"C96025":{"preferredName":"Ta Stage Finding","code":"C96025","definitions":[{"description":"A term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary, non-invasive, papillary cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ta Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ta Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272501"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ta"}]}}{"C139414":{"preferredName":"Breast Cancer pTis (DCIS) TNM Finding v8","code":"C139414","definitions":[{"description":"Breast cancer with a finding of ductal carcinoma in situ. Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a benign entity and is removed from TNM staging in the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 8th Edition. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Cancer pTis (DCIS) TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma pTis (DCIS) TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis (DCIS)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526812"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tis (DCIS)"}]}}{"C48976":{"preferredName":"Breast Cancer pTis (LCIS) TNM Finding v6 and v7","code":"C48976","definitions":[{"description":"Breast cancer with a finding of lobular carcinoma in situ. (from AJCC 6th and 7th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Cancer pTis (LCIS) TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer pTis (LCIS) TNM Finding v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer pTis (LCIS) TNM Finding v6 and v7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer pTis (LCIS) TNM Finding v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis (LCIS)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"pTis (LCIS) Breast Cancer v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTis (LCIS) Breast Carcinoma v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTis (LCIS) Cancer of Breast v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTis (LCIS) Cancer of the Breast v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTis (LCIS) Carcinoma of Breast v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pTis (LCIS) Carcinoma of the Breast v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707040"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Breast_Cancer_pTis_LCIS_TNM_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tis (LCIS)"}]}}{"C47858":{"preferredName":"Breast Paget Disease without Invasive Carcinoma","code":"C47858","definitions":[{"description":"Paget disease involving the skin overlying the mammary gland, without accompanying invasive ductal or lobular breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Paget Disease without Invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget Disease of the Breast without Invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget Disease of the Breast without Invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of the Breast without Invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tis (Paget's)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tis (Paget)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709447"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Paget_s_Disease_of_the_Breast_without_Invasive_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tis (Paget's)"}]}}{"C48737":{"preferredName":"TX Stage Finding","code":"C48737","definitions":[{"description":"A primary tumor TNM finding indicating that the status of the primary tumor cannot be assessed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"TX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Cancer Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Primary Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Primary Tumor Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Stage Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Stage Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"TX TNM Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Tumor Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TX Tumor Stage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Stage TX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0332377"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TX_Stage_Finding"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"TX"}]}}{"C137676":{"preferredName":"Stage IIID","code":"C137676","definitions":[{"description":"Locally advanced cancer that has spread to nearby organs but not to distant anatomic sites. The definition of stage IIID depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for cutaneous melanoma, stage IIID is defined as follows: T4b, N3a/b/c, M0. T4b: Tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. N3a: Four or more clinically occult nodal metastasis (i.e., detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy). Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. N3b: Four or more nodal metastases, at least one of which was clinically detected, or presence of any number of matted nodes. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. N3c: Two or more clinically occult nodal metastases. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: Yes. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (partially adapted from AJCC 8th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage IIID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IIID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3846374"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIID"}]}}{"C139714":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer pT1b1 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139714","definitions":[{"description":"Cervical cancer with clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer pT1b1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma pT1b1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pT1b1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537804"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T1b1"}]}}{"C139715":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer pT1b2 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139715","definitions":[{"description":"Cervical cancer with clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IB2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer pT1b2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IB2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma pT1b2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pT1b2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537803"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T1b2"}]}}{"C139718":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer pT2a1 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139718","definitions":[{"description":"Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina without parametrial invasion. Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IIA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer pT2a1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IIA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma pT2a1 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pT2a1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537800"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T2a1"}]}}{"C139719":{"preferredName":"Cervical Cancer pT2a2 TNM Finding v8","code":"C139719","definitions":[{"description":"Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina without parametrial invasion. Clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Cancer FIGO Stage IIA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer pT2a2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma FIGO Stage IIA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma pT2a2 TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pT2a2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL537910"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T2a2"}]}}{"C139415":{"preferredName":"Breast Cancer pTis (Paget) TNM Finding v8","code":"C139415","definitions":[{"description":"Paget disease of the nipple not associated with invasive carcinoma and/or carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in the underlying breast parenchyma. Carcinomas in the breast parenchyma associated with Paget disease are categorized based on the size and characteristics of the parenchymal disease, although the presence of Paget disease should still be noted. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Cancer pTis (Paget) TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma pTis (Paget) TNM Finding v8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL526811"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tis (Paget's)"}]}}{"C3038":{"preferredName":"Fever","code":"C3038","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by elevation of the body's temperature above the upper limit of normal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"An increase in body temperature above normal (98.6 degrees F), usually caused by disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Elevation of body temperature above normal due to the bodies own responses.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Elevation of body temperature above normal due to the production of more heat than the body is able to dissipate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The elevation of the body's temperature above the upper limit of normal, usually taken as 37.7 degrees Celsius.","attr":null,"defSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"description":"Elevation of body temperature above normal due to inflammatory or immune responses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fever","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"termName":"Fever","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Fever","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fever","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fever","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fever","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Fever","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pyrexia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"fever","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015967"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ACC/AHA"},{"name":"Use_For","value":"Pyrogenic reaction"},{"name":"Use_For","value":"Reaction, pyrogenic"},{"name":"Use_For","value":"Pyrogenic"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fever"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Fever"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fever"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E230101"}]}}{"C3279":{"preferredName":"Night Sweats","code":"C3279","definitions":[{"description":"Nocturnal perspiration that is unrelated to environmental temperature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Perspiration experienced nocturnally that is unrelated to environmental temperature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Night Sweating","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Night Sweats","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Night Sweats","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Night Sweats","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Night Sweats","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028081"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Night_Sweating"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Night Sweats"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Night Sweats"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Night sweats"}]}}{"C3445":{"preferredName":"Weight Loss","code":"C3445","definitions":[{"description":"A finding characterized by a decrease in overall body weight; for pediatrics, less than the baseline growth curve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A reduction in total body weight.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A reduction in total body weight.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Weight Decrease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Weight Loss","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Weight Loss","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Weight Loss","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Weight Loss","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Weight loss","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1262477"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Weight_Loss"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Weight Loss"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Weight Loss"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Weight loss"}]}}{"C125472":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage I","code":"C125472","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical stage that refers to lymphoma involving a single lymph node region or a single extranodal organ (Ie).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage I","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4085956"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage I"}]}}{"C125474":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage II","code":"C125474","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical stage that refers to lymphoma involving two or more node regions on the same side of the diaphragm or a single extranodal organ plus its regional lymph nodes with or without other nodes on the same side of the diaphragm (IIe).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage II","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4085954"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage II"}]}}{"C125476":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage III","code":"C125476","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical stage that refers to lymphoma involving node regions on both sides of the diaphragm, or an extralymphatic organ or site plus nodes on both sides of the diaphragm (IIIe), or lymph nodes on both sides of the diaphragm plus spleen (IIIs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage III","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4085953"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage III"}]}}{"C125478":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage IV","code":"C125478","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical stage that refers to diffuse extralymphatic involvement by lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage IV","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Clinical Stage IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4085955"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IV"}]}}{"C125473":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage I","code":"C125473","definitions":[{"description":"A pathologic stage that refers to lymphoma involving a single lymph node region or a single extranodal organ (Ie).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4085960"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage I"}]}}{"C125475":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage 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(IIIe), or lymph nodes on both sides of the diaphragm plus spleen (IIIs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4085957"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage III"}]}}{"C125479":{"preferredName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage IV","code":"C125479","definitions":[{"description":"A pathologic stage that refers to diffuse extralymphatic involvement by lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ann Arbor Pathologic Stage IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4085959"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IV"}]}}{"C96243":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage 0","code":"C96243","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers and refers to carcinoma in situ. For cervical cancer, it used to refer to cancer that is confined to the cervical epithelium without stromal invasion; for endometrial cancer, it used to refer to cancer that is confined to the endometrium without myometrial invasion. FIGO no longer includes stage 0 cervical or endometrial cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage 0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272670"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage 0"}]}}{"C96244":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage I","code":"C96244","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to invasive cancer that is confined to the cervix; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer confined to the corpus uteri with no or less than one-half myometrial invasion (IA) or invasion of one-half or more of the myometrium (IB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"FIGO grade 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272671"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage I"}]}}{"C96245":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IA","code":"C96245","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to invasive cancer that is diagnosed microscopically only. The stromal invasion has a maximum depth of 5.00 mm and a horizontal spread of 7.00 mm or less; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer limited to endometrium or invades less than one-half of the myometrium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272672"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IA"}]}}{"C96246":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IA1","code":"C96246","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to invasive cancer that is diagnosed microscopically only. The stromal invasion has a maximum depth of 3.00 mm and a horizontal spread of 7.00 mm or less; there is no FIGO stage IA1 for endometrial cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272673"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IA1"}]}}{"C96247":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IA2","code":"C96247","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to invasive cancer that is diagnosed microscopically only. The stromal invasion is more than 3.00 mm but no more than 5.00 mm with a horizontal spread of 7.00 mm or less; there is no FIGO stage A2 for endometrial cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IA2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IA2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IA2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272674"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IA2"}]}}{"C96248":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IB","code":"C96248","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to invasive cancer that is clinically visible and is confined to the cervix or it is diagnosed microscopically and the stromal invasion is more than 5.00 mm and the horizontal spread is more than 7.00 mm; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer that is confined to the uterine body and invades one-half or more of the myometrium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272675"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IB"}]}}{"C96249":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IB1","code":"C96249","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to clinically visible lesions that measure 4.0 cm or less in diameter; there is no FIGO stage IB1 for endometrial cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IB1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IB1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IB1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272676"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IB1"}]}}{"C96250":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IB2","code":"C96250","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to clinically visible lesions that measure more than 4.0 cm in diameter; there is no FIGO stage IB2 for endometrial cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IB2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IB2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IB2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272677"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IB2"}]}}{"C96251":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IC","code":"C96251","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, there is no FIGO stage IC; for endometrial cancer, in the older FIGO classification stage scheme, it referred to invasion of more than a half of the myometrium. Stage IC for endometrial cancer has been eliminated in the most recent (2010) FIGO classification stage scheme.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272678"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IC"}]}}{"C128099":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IC1","code":"C128099","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer. It refers to cancer with surgical spill.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IC1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL508831"}]}}{"C128100":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IC2","code":"C128100","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer. It refers to cancer with capsule rupture before surgery or tumor on ovarian surface.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IC2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL508833"}]}}{"C128101":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IC3","code":"C128101","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer. It refers to cancer with malignant cells in the ascites or peritoneal washings.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IC3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL508835"}]}}{"C96252":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage II","code":"C96252","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that invades beyond the cervix, but not to the pelvic wall or lower third of the vagina; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer that invades the stromal connective tissue of the cervix, but it does not extend beyond the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"FIGO grade 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Stage II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272679"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage II"}]}}{"C96253":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIA","code":"C96253","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that invades beyond the cervix, but not to the pelvic wall or lower third of the vagina and there is no parametrial invasion; for endometrial cancer, in the older FIGO classification stage scheme, it referred to endocervical glandular involvement only. Stage IIA for endometrial cancer has been eliminated in the most recent (2010) FIGO classification stage scheme.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272680"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIA"}]}}{"C162223":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIA1","code":"C162223","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina without parametrial involvement, less than 4 cm in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IIA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970741"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIA1"}]}}{"C162224":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIA2","code":"C162224","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina without parametrial involvement, equal or more than 4 cm in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIA2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIA2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970753"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIA2"}]}}{"C96254":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIB","code":"C96254","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that invades beyond the cervix, but not to the pelvic wall or lower third of the vagina and there is parametrial invasion; for endometrial cancer, in the older FIGO classification stage scheme, it referred to cervical stromal invasion. Stage IIB for endometrial cancer has been eliminated in the most recent (2010) FIGO classification stage scheme.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272681"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIB"}]}}{"C96255":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage III","code":"C96255","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that extends to the pelvic wall, and/or involves the lower third of vagina, and/or causes hydronephrosis or non-functioning kidney; for endometrial cancer, FIGO stage III is subdivided into stages IIIA and IIIB; in FIGO stage IIIA, there is involvement of the serosa and/or the adnexa; for FIGO stage IIIB, there is vaginal or parametrial involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"FIGO grade 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272682"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage III"}]}}{"C96256":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIIA","code":"C96256","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that involves the lower third of vagina and there is no extension to the pelvic wall; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer with involvement of the serosa and/or the adnexa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IIIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272683"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIIA"}]}}{"C128102":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIIA1","code":"C128102","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer. It refers to cancer with positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIIA1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL508844"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIIA1"}]}}{"C128105":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIIA2","code":"C128105","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer. It refers to cancer with microscopic, extrapelvic (above the brim) peritoneal involvement +/- positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIA2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIIA2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL508846"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIIA2"}]}}{"C128103":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIIA1(i)","code":"C128103","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer. It refers to cancer with positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only. Metastasis equal or less than 10 mm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIA1(i)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIIA1(i)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL508841"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIIA1(i)"}]}}{"C128104":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIIA1(ii)","code":"C128104","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer. It refers to cancer with positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only. Metastasis greater than 10 mm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIA1(ii)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIIA1(ii)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL508843"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIIA1(ii)"}]}}{"C96257":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIIB","code":"C96257","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that extends to the pelvic wall, and/or causes hydronephrosis or non-functioning kidney; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer with vaginal or parametrial involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IIIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272684"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIIB"}]}}{"C96258":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIIC","code":"C96258","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. There is no FIGO stage IIIC for cervical cancer; for endometrial cancer, FIGO stage IIIC is subdivided into stages IIIC1 and IIIC2; in FIGO stage IIIC1, there is regional metastasis to pelvic lymph nodes; for FIGO stage IIIC2, there is regional metastasis to para-aortic lymph nodes with or without metastasis to pelvic lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IIIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272685"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIIC"}]}}{"C96259":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIIC1","code":"C96259","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. There is no FIGO stage IIIC1 for cervical cancer; for endometrial cancer, it refers to regional metastasis to pelvic lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIC1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIC1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IIIC1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272686"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIIC1"}]}}{"C96260":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IIIC2","code":"C96260","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. There is no FIGO stage IIIC2 for cervical cancer; for endometrial cancer, it refers to regional metastasis to para-aortic lymph nodes with or without metastasis to pelvic lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIC2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IIIC2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IIIC2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272687"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIIC2"}]}}{"C96261":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IV","code":"C96261","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that invades the mucosa of bladder or rectum, and/or extends beyond the true pelvis (FIGO stage IVA), or to cancer with distant metastases (FIGO stage IVB); for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer that invades the bladder mucosa and/or the bowel mucosa (FIGO stage IVA), or to cancer with distant metastases (FIGO stage IVB).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage IV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272688"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IV"}]}}{"C96262":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IVA","code":"C96262","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer that invades the mucosa of bladder or rectum, and/or extends beyond the true pelvis; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer that invades the bladder mucosa and/or the bowel mucosa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IVA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272689"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IVA"}]}}{"C96263":{"preferredName":"FIGO Stage IVB","code":"C96263","definitions":[{"description":"A FIGO stage term that applies to gynecologic cancers. For cervical cancer, it refers to cancer with distant metastases, including peritoneal involvement, involvement of the supraclavicular or mediastinal lymph nodes, and metastases to the lung, bone, or liver; for endometrial cancer, it refers to cancer with distant metastases, including metastases to the inguinal lymph nodes, intraperitoneal involvement, or metastases to the lung, bone, or liver. Endometrial cancer metastases to the para-aortic lymph nodes, vagina, adnexa, or pelvic serosa are excluded from this stage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIGO Stage IVB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage IVB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stage IVB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272690"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IVB"}]}}{"C70658":{"preferredName":"ISS Stage I Plasma Cell Myeloma","code":"C70658","definitions":[{"description":"Plasma cell myeloma with beta-2-microglobulin less than 3.5 and albumin greater than or equal to 3.5 (median survival of 62 months). Note that the older Durie/Salmon staging system defines stage I quite differently. 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Note that the older Durie/Salmon staging system defines stage III quite differently. (PDQ)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"ISS Stage III Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISS Stage III Multiple Myeloma/Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ISS Stage III Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"International Staging System Stage III Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"International Staging System Stage III Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Myeloma Stage III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage III Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage III Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2346456"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ISS_Stage_III_Plasma_Cell_Myeloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"III"}]}}{"C165197":{"preferredName":"Biochemical Evidence of Disease without Structural Correlate","code":"C165197","definitions":[{"description":"An indication that biochemical markers of a disease are present but morphological markers are absent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biochemical Evidence of Disease without Structural Correlate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biochemical evidence of disease without structural 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Neoplasm","code":"C8524","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that has spread from where it started to nearby tissue or lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Refers to cancer that has grown beyond the original (primary) tumor to nearby lymph nodes or organs and tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Locally Advanced Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Locally Advanced Malignant Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Locally Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Locally advanced","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"locally advanced cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"regional cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677984"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334411"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Locally_Advanced_Malignant_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Locally_Metastatic_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Loco-regional recurrence/progression"}]}}{"C156848":{"preferredName":"Tumor Free","code":"C156848","definitions":[{"description":"There is no evidence of a tumor in the individual.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TF-Tumor Free","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tumor Free","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Tumor Free","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor free","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935966"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tumor free"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"TF-Tumor Free"}]}}{"C158709":{"preferredName":"Unknown Tumor Status","code":"C158709","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor status is unknown.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Unknown Tumor Status","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Unknown Tumor Status","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unknown tumor status","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL950740"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unknown tumor status"}]}}{"C156849":{"preferredName":"With Tumor","code":"C156849","definitions":[{"description":"There is evidence of a tumor in an individual.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"WT-With Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"With Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"With Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"With tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL935963"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"With tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"WT-With Tumor"}]}}{"C13332":{"preferredName":"Bilateral","code":"C13332","definitions":[{"description":"Affecting both sides of the body, or a pair of organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Affecting both the right and left sides of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Affecting both sides of the body or a matched pair of organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BILATERAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bilateral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bilateral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bilateral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Bilateral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Right and Left","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bilateral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0238767"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bilateral"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bilateral"}]}}{"C25229":{"preferredName":"Left","code":"C25229","definitions":[{"description":"Being or located on or directed toward the side of the body to the west when facing north.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Being or located on or directed toward the side of the body to the west when facing north.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEFT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Left","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Left","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Left","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Left","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205091"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Left"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Left"}]}}{"C81170":{"preferredName":"Midline","code":"C81170","definitions":[{"description":"A medial line, especially the medial line or medial plane of the body (or some part of the body).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A medial line, especially the medial line or medial plane of the body (or some part of the body).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MIDLINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesial","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Midline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Midline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Midline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Midline","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Midplane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0549183"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Midline"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Midline"}]}}{"C25228":{"preferredName":"Right","code":"C25228","definitions":[{"description":"Being or located on or directed toward the side of the body to the 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Morphologically, adenocarcinomas are classified according to the growth pattern (e.g., papillary, alveolar) or according to the secreting product (e.g., mucinous, serous). Representative examples of adenocarcinoma are ductal and lobular breast carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoma), colon adenocarcinoma, and prostate adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOCARCINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001418"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8140/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8140/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma"}]}}{"C3339":{"preferredName":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis","code":"C3339","definitions":[{"description":"An inherited condition in which numerous polyps (growths that protrude from mucous membranes) form on the inside walls of the colon and rectum. It increases the risk for colon cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant disorder, characterized by the presence of multiple adenomas in the colon and rectum. It is caused by a germline mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene which is located on the long arm of chromosome 5. The adenomas are most often tubular, and they have the tendency to progress to adenocarcinoma. They can occur throughout the colon, but they tend to concentrate in the rectum and sigmoid colon. The colorectal adenomas are detected during endoscopic examination between the age of 10 and 20 years. The adenomas increase in size and numbers with age, and there is usually progression of one or more adenomas to adenocarcinoma. The mean age of development of adenocarcinoma is about 40 years. Signs include rectal bleeding and mucousy diarrhea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APC - Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Familial polyposis coli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hereditary Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyposis Coli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"familial adenomatous polyposis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"familial polyposis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032580"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8220/0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Familial_Adenomatous_Polyposis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenomatous polyposis coli"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenomatous Polyposis Coli"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Familial polyposis coli"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Familial Adenomatous Polyposis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8220/0"}]}}{"C26691":{"preferredName":"Adrenocortical Insufficiency","code":"C26691","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder that occurs when the adrenal cortex does not produce enough of the hormone cortisol and in some cases, the hormone aldosterone. It may be due to a disorder of the adrenal cortex as in Addison's disease or primary adrenal insufficiency.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Subnormal concentration of cortisol, with or without mineralocorticoid insufficiency.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An endocrine or hormonal disorder that occurs when the adrenal cortex does not produce enough of the hormone cortisol and in some cases, the hormone aldosterone. It may be due to a disorder of the adrenal cortex (Addison's disease or primary adrenal insufficiency) or to inadequate secretion of ACTH by the pituitary gland (secondary adrenal insufficiency).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Hypofunction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Insufficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Insufficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Insufficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Adrenal Insufficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal insufficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Insufficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Insufficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Insufficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hypocortisolemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hypocortisolism","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001623"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adrenal_Gland_Insufficiency"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Adrenal Insufficiency"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal insufficiency"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenocortical Insufficiency"}]}}{"C114476":{"preferredName":"Allergic Reaction","code":"C114476","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an adverse local or general response from exposure to an allergen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A hypersensitive immune reaction to a substance that normally is harmless or would not cause an immune response in most people. An allergic response may cause harmful symptoms such as itching or inflammation or tissue injury.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A hypersensitivity reaction triggered by exposure to a previously encountered foreign substance to which the individual has formed antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An immune response that occurs following re-exposure to an innocuous antigen, and that requires the presence of existing antibodies against that antigen. This response involves the binding of IgE to mast cells, and may worsen with repeated exposures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allergic Reaction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allergic Reaction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Allergic reaction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Allergies","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Allergy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"allergic response","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527304"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Allergic Reaction"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Allergies"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Allergic reaction"}]}}{"C84397":{"preferredName":"Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency","code":"C84397","definitions":[{"description":"A genetic disorder characterized by decreased alpha-1 antitrypsin activity in the lungs and blood and deposition of alpha-1 antitrypsin protein in the hepatocytes. These abnormalities result from defective production of alpha-1 antitrypsin and lead to the development of emphysema, cirrhosis, and liver failure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"A-1ATD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"A1AD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Alpha-1 Antitrypsin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0221757"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Alpha-1 Antitrypsin"}]}}{"C2869":{"preferredName":"Anemia","code":"C2869","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which the number of red blood cells is below normal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an reduction in the amount of hemoglobin in 100 ml of blood. Signs and symptoms of anemia may include pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, shortness of breath, palpitations of the heart, soft systolic murmurs, lethargy, and fatigability.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A reduction in the number of red blood cells, the amount of hemoglobin, and/or the volume of packed red blood cells.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Abnormally low level of hemoglobin in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A reduction in the number of red blood cells, the amount of hemoglobin, and/or the volume of packed red blood cells. Clinically, anemia represents a reduction in the oxygen-transporting capacity of a designated volume of blood, resulting from an imbalance between blood loss (through hemorrhage or hemolysis) and blood production. Signs and symptoms of anemia may include pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, shortness of breath, palpitations of the heart, soft systolic murmurs, lethargy, and fatigability.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0002871"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Anemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anemia"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0301"}]}}{"C26696":{"preferredName":"Anxiety","code":"C26696","definitions":[{"description":"An emotional state characterized by excessive worried thoughts that may be accompanied by restlessness, tension, tachycardia, increased blood pressure, and/or dyspnea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Apprehension or uneasiness which may be accompanied by restlessness, tension, tachycardia, and dyspnea.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Feelings of fear, dread, and uneasiness that may occur as a reaction to stress. A person with anxiety may sweat, feel restless and tense, and have a rapid heart beat. Extreme anxiety that happens often over time may be a sign of an anxiety disorder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Apprehension of danger and dread accompanied by restlessness, tension, tachycardia, and dyspnea unattached to a clearly identifiable stimulus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anxiety","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anxiety","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Anxiety","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Anxiety","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anxiety","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anxiety","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"anxiety","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003467"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anxiety"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Anxiety"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anxiety"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E020201"}]}}{"C2881":{"preferredName":"Arrhythmia","code":"C2881","definitions":[{"description":"Any variation from the normal rate or rhythm (which may include the origin of the impulse and/or its subsequent propagation) in the heart.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Any variation from the normal rate or rhythm (which may include the origin of the impulse and/or its subsequent propagation) in the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Any variation from the normal rate or rhythm (which may include the origin of the impulse and/or its subsequent propagation) in the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arrhythmia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Arrhythmia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Arrhythmia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arrhythmia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Arrhythmia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cardiac Arrhythmia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac Arrhythmia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003811"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Arrhythmia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Arrhythmia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Arrhythmia"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0601"}]}}{"C2883":{"preferredName":"Arthritis","code":"C2883","definitions":[{"description":"A disease that causes inflammation and pain in the joints.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving a joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"An inflammatory process affecting a joint.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Inflammation of the joint tissues of any etiology. Signs and symptoms may include pain, swelling, warmth, guarding, limited range of motion or overlying erythema.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An inflammatory process affecting a joint. Causes include infection, autoimmune processes, degenerative processes, and trauma. Signs and symptoms may include swelling around the affected joint and pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Arthritis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003864"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Arthritis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Arthritis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Arthritis"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E1602"}]}}{"C28397":{"preferredName":"Asthma","code":"C28397","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic disease in which the bronchial airways in the lungs become narrowed and swollen, making it difficult to breathe. Symptoms include wheezing, coughing, tightness in the chest, shortness of breath, and rapid breathing. An attack may be brought on by pet hair, dust, smoke, pollen, mold, exercise, cold air, or stress.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic respiratory disease caused by obstruction of the bronchi and small airways, and characterized by wheezing and shortness of breath.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A chronic respiratory disease manifested as difficulty breathing due to the narrowing of bronchial passageways.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A chronic respiratory disease manifested as difficulty breathing due to the narrowing of bronchial passageways.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Asthma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Asthma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Asthma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Asthma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Asthma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asthma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Asthma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"asthma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004096"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Asthma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Asthma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Asthma"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0706"}]}}{"C2887":{"preferredName":"Ataxia Telangiectasia Syndrome","code":"C2887","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, inherited, progressive, degenerative disease of childhood that causes loss of muscle control, a weakened immune system, and an increased risk of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Rare hereditary disease characterized by extreme sensitivity to ionizing radiation or radiomimetic drugs because of a defect in DNA repair. AT heterozygosity is estimated to occur in more than 2% of the U.S. population; heterozygotes exhibit increased radiation sensitivity and are at increased risk for several types of cancer. The normal version of the gene that is defective in AT appears to activate the p53-dependent response to DNA damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ataxia Telangiectasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Ataxia Telangiectasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ataxia Telangiectasia Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ataxia Telangiectasia Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Ataxia Telangiectasia Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ataxia-telangiectasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Louis-Bar Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ataxia-telangiectasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004135"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ataxia_Telangiectasia_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ataxia-telangiectasia"}]}}{"C50466":{"preferredName":"Atrial Fibrillation","code":"C50466","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia without discernible P waves and an irregular ventricular response due to multiple reentry circuits. The rhythm disturbance originates above the ventricles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"An irregular heart rhythm, usually associated with a rapid rate, that is caused by abnormal electrical activity within the atria.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Irregular heart rhythm, usually associated with a rapid rate, that is caused by abnormal electrical activity within the atrial.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of a supraventricular arrhythmia characterized by the replacement of consistent P waves by rapid oscillations or fibrillatory waves that vary in size, shape and timing and are accompanied by an irregular ventricular response. (CDISC)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AFib","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrial Fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Atrial Fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Atrial Fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Atrial Fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Atrial Fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrial Fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Atrial fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004238"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atrial_Fibrillation"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Atrial Fibrillation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atrial fibrillation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atrial Fibrillation"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E060102"}]}}{"C37864":{"preferredName":"Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome","code":"C37864","definitions":[{"description":"An autoimmune hematologic disorder characterized by autoimmune hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Patients are at an increased risk of developing Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALPS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Canale-Smith Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328840"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Autoimmune_Lymphoproliferative_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS)"}]}}{"C118385":{"preferredName":"Avascular Necrosis","code":"C118385","definitions":[{"description":"Tissue death resulting from an interruption to the blood supply.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Tissue death resulting from an interruption to the blood supply.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AVN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avascular Necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Avascular Necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Avascular Necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3538978"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Avascular Necrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Avascular necrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Avascular Necrosis"}]}}{"C86172":{"preferredName":"Bacteroides fragilis","code":"C86172","definitions":[{"description":"Any bacterial organism that can be assigned to the species Bacteroides fragilis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A species of obligately anaerobic, Gram-negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Bacteroidetes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, indole positive, produces hydrogen sulfide, does not reduce nitrate, hydrolyzes esculin and starch, does not ferment trehalose, melezitose or arabinose, and is penicillin resistant. B. fragilis is commensal and part of the normal human gastrointestinal tract flora, but may become pathogenic in other body regions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BACTEROIDES FRAGILIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bacteroides fragilis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bacteroides fragilis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004663"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"NCBI_Taxon_ID","value":"817"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bacteroides fragilis"}]}}{"C2891":{"preferredName":"Barrett Esophagus","code":"C2891","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which the cells lining the lower part of the esophagus have changed or been replaced with abnormal cells that could lead to cancer of the esophagus. The backing up of stomach contents (reflux) may irritate the esophagus and, over time, cause Barrett's esophagus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Esophageal lesion lined with columnar metaplastic epithelium which is flat or villiform. Barrett epithelium is characterized by two different types of cells: goblet cells and columnar cells. The symptomatology of Barrett esophagus is that of gastro-esophageal reflux. It is the precursor of most esophageal adenocarcinomas. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Barrett Esophagus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Barrett Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Barrett Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Barrett Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Barrett's Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Barrett's Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Barrett's esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CELLO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Columnar Epithelial-Lined Lower Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Columnar-Lined Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004763"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Barrett_s_Esophagus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Barrett's Esophagus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Barrett oesophagus"}]}}{"C2921":{"preferredName":"Skin Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C2921","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that begins in the lower part of the epidermis (the outer layer of the skin). It may appear as a small white or flesh-colored bump that grows slowly and may bleed. Basal cell cancers are usually found on areas of the body exposed to the sun. Basal cell cancers rarely metastasize (spread) to other parts of the body. They are the most common form of skin cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The most frequently seen skin cancer. It arises from basal cells of the epidermis and pilosebaceous units. Clinically it is divided into the following types: nodular, ulcerative, superficial, multicentric, erythematous, and sclerosing or morphea-like. More than 95% of these carcinomas occur in patients over 40. They develop on hair-bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas. Approximately 85% are found on the head and neck and the remaining 15% on the trunk and extremities. Basal cell carcinoma usually grows in a slow and indolent fashion. However, if untreated, the tumor may invade the subcutaneous fat, skeletal muscle and bone. Distant metastases are rare. Excision, curettage and irradiation cure most basal cell carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Carcinoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Skin Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Basal cell epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Basal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Skin Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Skin Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Skin Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"basal cell cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"basal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007117"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8090/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Basal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma of skin of trunk, except scrotum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma of skin of unspecified eyelid, including canthus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma of skin of other parts of face"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma of skin of right eyelid, including canthus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma of skin, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell epithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma of skin of unspecified parts of face"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma of skin, site unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8090/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal Cell Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal Cell Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma of skin of other and unspecified parts of face"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma of skin of other part of trunk"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma of skin of left eyelid, including canthus"}]}}{"C34415":{"preferredName":"Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome","code":"C34415","definitions":[{"description":"A complex syndrome resulting from various genetic and epigenetic anomalies of the 11p15.5 chromosomal region, leading to dysregulated expression of imprinted genes. Specific genes involved include CDKN1C, H19, IGF2, and KCNQ1OT1. One of the key genetic anomalies is an imbalance between the paternally expressed IGF2 growth enhancer gene and the maternally expressed H19 growth suppressor gene, leading to fetal and postnatal overgrowth. The condition is typically characterized by macrosomia, macroglossia, umbilical hernia or more severe abdominal wall anomalies such as omphalocele, ear lobe indentations, and hypoglycemia associated with hyperinsulinemia due to pancreatic islet cell hyperplasia. Patients with this syndrome have an increased risk for development of embryonal tumors (particularly Wilms tumor and hepatoblastoma) and adrenal cortex carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare, overgrowth disorder in which babies are large at birth and may develop low blood sugar. Other common symptoms are a large tongue, large internal organs, and defects of the abdominal wall near the navel. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome increases the risk of developing certain cancers, especially Wilms tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A genetic syndrome caused by abnormalities in chromosome 11. It is characterized by large birth weight, macroglossia, umbilical hernia, ear abnormalities, and hypoglycemia. Patients with this syndrome have an increased risk of developing embryonal tumors (gonadoblastoma, hepatoblastoma, Wilms tumor, Rhabdomyosarcoma) and adrenal cortex carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Beckwith-Wiedemann","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Beckwith-Wiedemann/Hemihypertrophy Spectrum Disorders","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004903"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Beckwith-Wiedemann_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Beckwith-Wiedemann"}]}}{"C34416":{"preferredName":"Behcet Syndrome","code":"C34416","definitions":[{"description":"A systemic vasculitis affecting both arteries and veins which manifests primarily as recurrent oral and genital ulceration, uveitis, characteristic rash, and arthritis. It may also cause central nervous system disease, gastrointestinal inflammation or ulceration, or thrombophlebitis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. It is characterized by the development of ulcers in the mouth and genital region and uveitis. Other signs and symptoms include arthritis, deep vein thrombosis and superficial thrombophlebitis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Behcet Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Behcet Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Behcet Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Behcet Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Behcet's Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Behcet's Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Behcet's Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Behçet Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Behçet Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Behçet's Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Behçet-Adamantiades Syndrome","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Morbus Behçet's Syndrome","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Silk Road Disease","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004943"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Behcet_s_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Behcet Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Behcet's Disease"}]}}{"C2899":{"preferredName":"Biliary System Disorder","code":"C2899","definitions":[{"description":"A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts or the gallbladder. Representative examples of non-neoplastic disorders include cholangitis and cholecystitis. Representative examples of neoplastic disorders include extrahepatic bile duct adenoma, intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biliary Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Biliary Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary System Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3275124"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Biliary_Tract_Disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Biliary Disorder"}]}}{"C27083":{"preferredName":"Blood Clot","code":"C27083","definitions":[{"description":"A mass of blood that forms when blood platelets, proteins, and cells stick together. When a blood clot is attached to the wall of a blood vessel, it is called a thrombus. When it moves through the bloodstream and blocks the flow of blood in another part of the body, it is called an embolus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggregation of platelets and fibrin within the cardiovascular system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An intravascular aggregation of blood components, primarily platelets and fibrin with entrapment of cellular elements, which is attached to the vessel wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The formation of a blood clot in the lumen of a vessel or heart chamber.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"An aggregation of blood factors, primarily platelets and fibrin with entrapment of cellular elements, frequently causing vascular obstruction at the point of its formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood Clot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blood Clot","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"THROMBUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thrombi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thrombosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thrombosis/Thrombus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Thrombus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Thrombus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"blood clot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"thrombus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0087086"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Blood_Clot"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Thrombus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clot blood"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Blood Clots"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0514"}]}}{"C3046":{"preferredName":"Fracture","code":"C3046","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of traumatic injury to the bone in which the continuity of the bone is broken.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A traumatic injury to the bone in which the continuity of the bone is broken.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A traumatic or pathological injury to the bone in which the continuity of the bone is broken.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Localized disruption of bone or tooth structure resulting in partial or complete discontinuity. (INHAND)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A traumatic injury to the bone in which the continuity of the bone is broken.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone Fracture","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone Fracture(s)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bone Fracture(s)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"FRACTURE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FRACTURE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Fracture","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Fracture of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016658"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fracture"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Fracture"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bone Fracture(s)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fracture"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E1603"}]}}{"C2911":{"preferredName":"Bronchitis","code":"C2911","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting the bronchi.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Inflammation (swelling and reddening) of the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Inflammation of the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting the bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bronchial infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Bronchitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Bronchitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bronchitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"bronchitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006277"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bronchitis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Bronchitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchitis"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0708"}]}}{"C333":{"preferredName":"Calcium Channel Blocker","code":"C333","definitions":[{"description":"A pharmaceutical agent that inhibits the movement of calcium across through calcium channels in the cell membrane, preventing or decreasing the amount of calcium able to enter the cell. These drugs are used for their chronotropic, antihypertensive and vasodilatory effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A pharmaceutical agent that inhibits the movement of calcium across through calcium channels in the cell membrane, preventing or decreasing the amount of calcium able to enter the cell. These drugs are used for their chronotropic, antihypertensive and vasodilatory effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Calcium Channel Blocker","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcium Channel Blocker","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Calcium Channel Blockers","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006684"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Calcium_Channel_Blocker"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:38215"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Calcium Channel Blocker"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Calcium Channel Blockers"}]}}{"C9305":{"preferredName":"Malignant Neoplasm","code":"C9305","definitions":[{"description":"A general term for autonomous tissue growth exhibiting morphologic features of malignancy (e.g. severe atypia, nuclear pleomorphism, tumor cell necrosis, abnormal mitoses, tissue invasiveness) and for which the transformed cell type has not been specifically identified.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A group of diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control, invade nearby tissues and may also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues. Malignant cells can also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems. There are several main types of malignancy. Carcinoma is a malignancy that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. Sarcoma is a malignancy that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue. Leukemia is a malignancy that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood. Lymphoma and multiple myeloma are malignancies that begin in the cells of the immune system. Central nervous system cancers are malignancies that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells with potential for metastatic spread.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A tumor composed of atypical neoplastic, often pleomorphic cells that invade other tissues. Malignant neoplasms often metastasize to distant anatomic sites and may recur after excision. The most common malignant neoplasms are carcinomas, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, leukemias, melanomas, and sarcomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Malignant Growth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplastic Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neoplasm, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tumor, malignant, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Unclassified tumor, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006826"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8000/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Neoplasm"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm, without specification of site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm without specification of site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm, primary site unknown, so stated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tumor, malignant, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unclassified tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neoplasm, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other malignant neoplasm of unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of other and ill-defined sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8000/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of other and ill-defined sites: Overlapping lesion of other and ill-defined sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of other specified sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of other and ill-defined sites: Lower limb"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E1801"}]}}{"C26713":{"preferredName":"Cataract","code":"C26713","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which the lens of the eye becomes cloudy. Symptoms include blurred, cloudy, or double vision; sensitivity to light; and difficulty seeing at night. Without treatment, cataracts can cause blindness. There are many different types and causes of cataracts. They may occur in people of all ages, but are most common in the elderly.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by partial or complete opacity of the crystalline lens of one or both eyes. This results in a decrease in visual acuity and eventual blindness if untreated.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Opacity of the crystalline lens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Partial or complete opacity of the crystalline lens of one or both eyes that decreases visual acuity and eventually results in blindness. Some cataracts appear in infancy or in childhood, but most develop in older individuals. (Sternberg Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, 3rd ed.)","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Partial or complete opacity of the crystalline lens of one or both eyes that decreases visual acuity and eventually results in blindness. Some cataracts appear in infancy or in childhood, but most develop in older individuals. (Sternberg Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, 3rd ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cataract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Cataract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Cataract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cataract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cataracts","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"cataract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0086543"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cataract"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Cataract"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cataracts"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cataract"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0802"}]}}{"C26714":{"preferredName":"Celiac Disease","code":"C26714","definitions":[{"description":"A digestive disease that is caused by an immune response to a protein called gluten, which is found in wheat, rye, barley, and oats. Celiac disease damages the lining of the small intestine and interferes with the absorption of nutrients from food. A person with celiac disease may become malnourished no matter how much food is consumed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autoimmune genetic disorder with an unknown pattern of inheritance that primarily affects the digestive tract. It is caused by intolerance to dietary gluten. Consumption of gluten protein triggers an immune response which damages small intestinal villi and prevents adequate absorption of nutrients. Clinical signs include abdominal cramping, diarrhea or constipation and weight loss. If untreated, the clinical course may progress to malnutrition, anemia, osteoporosis and an increased risk of intestinal malignancies. However, the prognosis is favorable with successful avoidance of gluten in the diet.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Celiac Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Celiac Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Celiac Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Celiac Sprue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gluten-Induced Enteropathy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non Tropical Sprue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"celiac disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007570"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Celiac_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Celiac Disease"}]}}{"C2938":{"preferredName":"Cerebrovascular Disorder","code":"C2938","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder resulting from inadequate blood flow in the vessels that supply the brain. Representative examples include cerebrovascular ischemia, cerebral embolism, and cerebral infarction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007820"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cerebrovascular_Disorder"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Cerebrovascular Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cerebrovascular Disease"}]}}{"C34463":{"preferredName":"Chlamydial Infection","code":"C34463","definitions":[{"description":"An infection that is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chlamydia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chlamydial Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008149"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chlamydial_Infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chlamydia"}]}}{"C122822":{"preferredName":"Cholelithiasis","code":"C122822","definitions":[{"description":"The presence of calculi in the gallbladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The presence of calculi in the gallbladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cholelithiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cholelithiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cholelithiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholelithiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Gallstones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0947622"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Cholelithiasis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cholelithiasis"}]}}{"C3037":{"preferredName":"Chronic Fatigue Syndrome","code":"C3037","definitions":[{"description":"A condition lasting for more than 6 months in which a person feels tired most of the time and may have trouble concentrating and carrying out daily activities. Other symptoms include sore throat, fever, muscle weakness, headache, and joint pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A syndrome of unknown etiology. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a clinical diagnosis characterized by an unexplained persistent or relapsing chronic fatigue that is of at least six months' duration, is not the result of ongoing exertion, is not substantially alleviated by rest, and results in substantial reduction of previous levels of occupational, educational, social, or personal activities. Common concurrent symptoms of at least six months duration include impairment of memory or concentration, diffuse pain, sore throat, tender lymph nodes, headaches of a new type, pattern, or severity, and nonrestorative sleep. The etiology of CFS may be viral or immunologic. Neurasthenia and fibromyalgia may represent related disorders. Also known as myalgic encephalomyelitis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Fatigue Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chronic Fatigue Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myalgic Encephalomyelitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chronic fatigue syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015674"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic Fatigue Syndrome"}]}}{"C9438":{"preferredName":"Chronic Renal Failure","code":"C9438","definitions":[{"description":"Impairment of the renal function due to chronic kidney damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Impairment of the renal function due to chronic kidney damage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRF - Chronic Renal Failure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Renal Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Renal Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chronic Renal Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Renal Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022661"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chronic_Renal_Failure"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Chronic Renal Failure"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic renal failure"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic Renal Failure"}]}}{"C174112":{"preferredName":"Chronic Systemic Steroid Use","code":"C174112","definitions":[{"description":"An indication that the subject has been using a systemic steroid at the prescribed dose for a long period of time.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Systemic Steroid Use","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chronic Systemic Steroid Use","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic Systemic Steroid Use"}]}}{"C2951":{"preferredName":"Cirrhosis","code":"C2951","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic degenerative disease of the liver characterized by parenchymal nodularity and fibrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of chronic, progressive liver disease in which liver cells are replaced by scar tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by replacement of the liver parenchyma with fibrous tissue and regenerative nodules. It is usually caused by alcoholism, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Complications include the development of ascites, esophageal varices, bleeding, and hepatic encephalopathy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cirrhosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cirrhosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Cirrhosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cirrhosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cirrhosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cirrhosis of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Liver Cirrhosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver Cirrhosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"cirrhosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023890"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cirrhosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Cirrhosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cirrhosis, Unknown Etiology"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Liver Cirrhosis (Liver Disease)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cirrhosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cirrhosis of liver"}]}}{"C162188":{"preferredName":"Clonal Hematopoiesis","code":"C162188","definitions":[{"description":"Cellular proliferation of hematopoietic cells where a substantial proportion of the cells is derived from a single hematopoietic stem cell lineage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clonal Hematopoiesis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Clonal Hematopoiesis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Clonal Hematopoiesis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL970785"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clonal Hematopoiesis"}]}}{"C2954":{"preferredName":"Colon Polyp","code":"C2954","definitions":[{"description":"Abnormal growths of tissue in the lining of the bowel. Polyps are a risk factor for colon cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A polypoid lesion that arises from the colon and protrudes into the lumen. This group includes adenomatous polyps, serrated polyps, and hamartomatous polyps.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colon Polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colon Polyps","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Colonic Polyp","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyp of Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyp of the Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"colon polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009376"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Colon_Polyp"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Colon Polyps"}]}}{"C26725":{"preferredName":"Common Variable Immunodeficiency","code":"C26725","definitions":[{"description":"Abnormally low level of functional immunoglobulins in the blood that is not associated with a primary immunodeficiency.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A primary immunodeficiency characterized by low levels or absence of all the immunoglobulin classes and lack of B-lymphocytes or plasma cells. It results in recurrent bacterial infections. Complications include autoimmune phenomena and cancer development.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acquired Agammaglobulinemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acquired Hypogammaglobulinemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Common Variable Immunodeficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Common Variable Immunodeficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Common Variable Immunodeficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Common variable immune deficiency (CVID)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Secondary Hypogammaglobulinemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Secondary Hypogammaglobulinemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009447"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Common_Variable_Immunodeficiency"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Secondary Hypogammaglobulinemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Common variable immune deficiency (CVID)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Secondary acquired hypogammaglobulinaemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Common Variable Immunodeficiency"}]}}{"C3080":{"preferredName":"Congestive Heart Failure","code":"C3080","definitions":[{"description":"Inability of the heart to pump blood adequately to fill tissue metabolic requirements or the ability to do so only at an elevated filling pressure.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Weakness of the heart muscle that leads to a buildup of fluid in body tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Failure of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to meet the needs of the body tissues, resulting in tissue congestion and edema. Signs and symptoms include shortness of breath, pitting edema, enlarged tender liver, engorged neck veins, and pulmonary rales.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac Failure Congestive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congestive Heart Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Congestive Heart Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congestive Heart Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Congestive Heart Failure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Heart Failure/Congestive Heart Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"congestive heart failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018802"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Congestive_Heart_Failure"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Congestive Heart Failure"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0611"}]}}{"C26729":{"preferredName":"Connective Tissue Disorder","code":"C26729","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by abnormalities in one or more of the elements of the connective tissues, typically associated with genetic defects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the connective tissue.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the connective tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Connective Tissue Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue Diseases","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue Disorders","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Disorder of Connective Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Primary Disorder of Connective Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009782"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Connective_Tissue_Disorder"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Connective Tissue Disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Connective Tissue Disorder"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E1604"}]}}{"C3199":{"preferredName":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","code":"C3199","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic and progressive lung disorder characterized by the loss of elasticity of the bronchial tree and the air sacs, destruction of the air sacs wall, thickening of the bronchial wall, and mucous accumulation in the bronchial tree. The pathologic changes result in the disruption of the air flow in the bronchial airways. Signs and symptoms include shortness of breath, wheezing, productive cough, and chest tightness. The two main types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are chronic obstructive bronchitis and emphysema.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A type of lung disease marked by permanent damage to tissues in the lungs, making it hard to breathe. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease includes chronic bronchitis, in which the bronchi (large air passages) are inflamed and scarred, and emphysema, in which the alveoli (tiny air sacs) are damaged. It develops over many years and is usually caused by cigarette smoking.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic and progressive lung disorder characterized by the loss of elasticity of the bronchial tree and the air sacs, destruction of the air sacs wall, thickening of the bronchial wall, and mucous accumulation in the bronchial tree. The pathologic changes result in the disruption of the air flow in the bronchial airways. Signs and symptoms include shortness of breath, wheezing, productive cough, and chest tightness. The two main types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are chronic obstructive bronchitis and emphysema.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COLD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COPD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COPD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"COPD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Chronic Obstructive Airways Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024117"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chronic_Obstructive_Airways_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"COPD"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0711"}]}}{"C26732":{"preferredName":"Coronary Artery Disease","code":"C26732","definitions":[{"description":"Narrowing of the coronary arteries due to fatty deposits inside the arterial walls. The diagnostic criteria may include documented history of any of the following: documented coronary artery stenosis greater than or equal to 50% (by cardiac catheterization or other modality of direct imaging of the coronary arteries); previous coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG); previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); previous myocardial infarction. (ACC)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Coronary Artery Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Coronary Artery Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Coronary Artery Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coronary Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"coronary artery disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"coronary heart disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1956346"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Coronary_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Coronary Artery Disease"}]}}{"C2965":{"preferredName":"Crohn Disease","code":"C2965","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic, transmural inflammation that can affect any location along the gastrointestinal tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A condition in which the gastrointestinal tract is inflamed over a long period of time. Crohn disease usually affects the small intestine and colon. Symptoms include fever, diarrhea, stomach cramps, vomiting, and weight loss. Crohn disease increases the risk of colorectal cancer and small intestine cancer. It is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A condition in which the gastrointestinal tract is inflamed over a long period of time. Regional enteritis usually affects the small intestine and colon. Symptoms include fever, diarrhea, stomach cramps, vomiting, and weight loss. Regional enteritis increases the risk of colorectal cancer and small intestine cancer. It is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic inflammation involving all layers of the intestinal wall, noncaseating granulomas affecting the intestinal wall and regional lymph nodes, and transmural fibrosis. Crohn disease most commonly involves the terminal ileum; the colon is the second most common site of involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Crohn Disease","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Crohn Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Crohn Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Crohn Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Crohn disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Crohn's Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Crohn's Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Crohn's Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Crohn's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Regional Enteritis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"regional enteritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010346"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Crohn_s_Disease"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Crohn's Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Crohn's disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other Crohn disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Crohn's Disease"}]}}{"C62586":{"preferredName":"Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia","code":"C62586","definitions":[{"description":"A form of organizing pneumonia with a non-infectious etiology. Excessive proliferation of granulation tissue occurs in alveolar ducts and alveoli and primarily causes injury to alveolar walls, but bronchioles may be affected.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BOOP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"COP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0242770"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cryptogenic_Organizing_Pneumonia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia"}]}}{"C174113":{"preferredName":"Cryptococcal Meningitis","code":"C174113","definitions":[{"description":"A blood borne fungal infection of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal column (meninges) caused by Cryptococcus, usually C. neoformans or C. gattii. It usually occurs in immunocompromised patients including persons with AIDS, transplant recipients, patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy, and patients with hematologic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cryptococcal Meningitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cryptococcal Meningitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cryptococcal Meningitis"}]}}{"C53649":{"preferredName":"Cytomegaloviral Infection","code":"C53649","definitions":[{"description":"A herpesvirus infection caused by Cytomegalovirus. Healthy individuals generally do not produce symptoms. However, the infection may be life-threatening in affected immunocompromised patients. The virus may cause retinitis, esophagitis, gastritis, and colitis. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CMV Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytomegaloviral Infection","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cytomegaloviral Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytomegalovirus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cytomegalovirus (CMV)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cytomegalovirus Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCMV Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010823"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cytomegaloviral_Infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cytomegaloviral disease, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cytomegalovirus (CMV)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cytomegalovirus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cytomegaloviral disease"}]}}{"C84668":{"preferredName":"Denys-Drash Syndrome","code":"C84668","definitions":[{"description":"A Wilms tumor 1 gene syndrome caused by various point mutation(s) affecting the zinc finger(s) of the Wilms tumor protein. This syndrome is characterized by congenital nephropathy (diffuse mesangial sclerosis), gonadal dysgenesis resulting in atypical genital and reproductive tract development in male infants, and high risk for development of Wilms tumor, an embryonal neoplasm defined by the presence of epithelial, mesenchymal, and blastema components.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare disorder that causes kidney failure before age 3, abnormal development of the sexual organs, and, in most cases, Wilms tumor (a type of kidney cancer). Children with Denys-Drash syndrome are also at high risk of some other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare congenital syndrome caused by mutations in the WT1 gene. It is characterized by the presence of congenital nephropathy (diffuse mesangial sclerosis), Wilms tumor, and intersex disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DDS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DDS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Denys Drash Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Denys-Drash Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Denys-Drash Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Denys-Drash Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Denys-Drash Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Denys-Drash Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Denys-Drash syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Nephrotic Syndrome Type 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0950121"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Denys-Drash Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Denys-Drash Syndrome"}]}}{"C2982":{"preferredName":"Depression","code":"C2982","definitions":[{"description":"A condition marked by ongoing feelings of sadness, despair, loss of energy, diminished interest/pleasure and difficulty dealing with normal daily life.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by melancholic feelings of grief or unhappiness.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A mental condition marked by ongoing feelings of sadness, despair, loss of energy, and difficulty dealing with normal daily life. Other symptoms of depression include feelings of worthlessness and hopelessness, loss of pleasure in activities, changes in eating or sleeping habits, and thoughts of death or suicide. Depression can affect anyone, and can be successfully treated. Depression affects 15-25% of cancer patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A melancholy feeling of sadness and despair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Depression","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Depression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Depression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Depression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Depression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Depression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Depression","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"depression","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011570"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Depression"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Depression"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E020202"}]}}{"C2985":{"preferredName":"Diabetes Mellitus","code":"C2985","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which the body does not control the amount of glucose (a type of sugar) in the blood and the kidneys make a large amount of urine. This disease occurs when the body does not make enough insulin or does not use it the way it should.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A metabolic condition, characterized by hyperglycemia, caused by insufficient secretion of insulin by the pancreas and/or decreased insulin action in target tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A metabolic disorder characterized by abnormally high blood sugar levels due to diminished production of insulin or insulin resistance/desensitization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diabetes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"diabetes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"diabetes mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011849"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diabetes_Mellitus"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Diabetes Mellitus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diabetes, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diabetes"}]}}{"C26747":{"preferredName":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","code":"C26747","definitions":[{"description":"Diabetes mellitus caused by decreased insulin action in target tissues and insufficient production of insulin by pancreatic beta cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by insulin resistance or desensitization and increased blood glucose levels. This is a chronic disease that can develop gradually over the life of a patient and can be linked to both environmental factors and heredity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Onset Diabetes","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Adult Onset Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Adult-Onset Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diabetes, Type 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diabetes, Type II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"NIDDM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"T2DM - Type 2 Diabetes mellitus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type 2 Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type 2 Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Non-Insulin Dependent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type II Diabetes","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Type II Diabetes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type II Diabetes Mellitus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type II diabetes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011860"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Non-Insulin_Dependent_Diabetes_Mellitus"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Type II diabetes mellitus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diabetes, Type II"}]}}{"C26748":{"preferredName":"Diabetic Neuropathy","code":"C26748","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic, pathological complication associated with diabetes mellitus, where nerve damages are incurred due to diabetic microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply these nerves, resulting in peripheral and/or autonomic nerve dysfunction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diabetic Neuropathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Diabetic Neuropathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011882"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diabetic_Neuropathy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diabetic Neuropathy"}]}}{"C26752":{"preferredName":"Diverticulitis","code":"C26752","definitions":[{"description":"Inflammation of one or more pouches or sacs that bulge out from the wall of a hollow organ, such as the colon. Symptoms include muscle spasms and cramps in the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An infection that develops in the diverticula of the intestinal tract. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, fever, and leukocytosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diverticulitis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diverticulitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Diverticulitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"diverticulitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0012813"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diverticulitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diverticulitis"}]}}{"C80385":{"preferredName":"Dyslipidemia","code":"C80385","definitions":[{"description":"A lipoprotein metabolism disorder characterized by decreased levels of high-density lipoproteins, or elevated levels of plasma cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins and/or triglycerides.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dyslipidemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Dyslipidemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0242339"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dyslipidemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dyslipidemia"}]}}{"C3001":{"preferredName":"Eczema","code":"C3001","definitions":[{"description":"A form of dermatitis characterized by red, itchy, scaly, or crusty patches that can be chronic or intermittent.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A form of dermatitis characterized by red, itchy, scaly, or crusty patches that can be chronic or intermittent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A group of conditions in which the skin becomes inflamed, forms blisters, and becomes crusty, thick, and scaly. Eczema causes burning and itching, and may occur over a long period of time. Atopic dermatitis is the most common type of eczema.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A form of dermatitis characterized by red, itchy, scaly, or crusty patches that can be chronic or intermittent.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atopic Dermatitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atopic Dermatitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Eczema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Eczema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Eczema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Eczema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eczema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Eczema","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Eczematous Dermatitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eczematous Dermatitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"eczema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013595"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eczema"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Eczema"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eczema"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E172004"}]}}{"C3020":{"preferredName":"Seizure Disorder","code":"C3020","definitions":[{"description":"A group of disorders marked by problems in the normal functioning of the brain. These problems can produce seizures, unusual body movements, a loss of consciousness or changes in consciousness, as well as mental problems or problems with the senses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neurological disorder characterized by recurring seizures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Epilepsy caused or apparently caused by device. Do not use when epilepsy is a pre-existing condition.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A brain disorder characterized by episodes of abnormally increased neuronal discharge resulting in transient episodes of sensory or motor neurological dysfunction, or psychic dysfunction. These episodes may or may not be associated with loss of consciousness or convulsions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epilepsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Epilepsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Epilepsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Epilepsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Epilepsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epilepsy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Seizure Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Seizure Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Seizure Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seizure Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"epilepsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014544"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epilepsy"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Epilepsy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epilepsy"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E010903"}]}}{"C14204":{"preferredName":"Epstein-Barr Virus","code":"C14204","definitions":[{"description":"A common virus that remains dormant in most people. It has been associated with certain cancers, including Burkitt's lymphoma, immunoblastic lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any viral organism that can be assigned to the species Human Herpesvirus 4.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A species of Herpetoviridae that is responsible for infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever). Discovered in 1964, this virus has been associated with Burkitt's lymphoma in South African children and with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Asian populations.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EBV","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"EBV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epstein Barr Virus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr virus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HHV-4","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HHV-4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Human Herpesvirus 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocryptovirus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Virus-Epstein-Barr","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014644"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"2A26YW7PNX"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"NCBI_Taxon_ID","value":"10376"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epstein-Barr_Virus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epstein-Barr Virus"}]}}{"C62505":{"preferredName":"Fanconi Anemia","code":"C62505","definitions":[{"description":"A chromosomal instability syndrome that is the most common form of inherited aplastic anemia. It is inherited as an autosomal recessive or X-linked disorder. In addition to bone marrow failure, it is associated with skeletal abnormalities and increased incidence of the development of malignancy. Multiple genes are responsible for Fanconi anemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare inherited disorder in which the bone marrow does not make blood cells. It is usually diagnosed in children between 2 and 15 years old. Symptoms include frequent infections, easy bleeding, and extreme tiredness. People with Fanconi anemia may have a small skeleton and brown spots on the skin. They also have an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by bone marrow failure, skeletal abnormalities, and an increase incidence of development of neoplasias.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fanconi Anemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fanconi Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Fanconi Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Fanconi Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fanconi Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fanconi Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Fanconi Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Fanconi's Anemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fanconi's anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Pancytopenia, Congenital","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Panmyelopathy, Fanconi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Erythroid Hypoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015625"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fanconi_Anemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Fanconi Anemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fanconi Anemia"}]}}{"C87497":{"preferredName":"Fibromyalgia","code":"C87497","definitions":[{"description":"Chronic, diffuse, non-inflammatory musculoskeletal pain disorder with characteristic tender points of neck, back, shoulders, hips, arms and legs, and associated with fatigue and sleep disturbance. Other symptoms may include headaches, abdominal discomfort, and depression/anxiety. It may also be associated with a primary rheumatic disorder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A chronic disorder of unknown etiology characterized by pain, stiffness, and tenderness in the muscles of neck, shoulders, back, hips, arms, and legs. Other signs and symptoms include headaches, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and painful menstruation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibromyalgia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibromyalgia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibromyalgia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Fibromyalgia Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibromyalgia Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016053"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Fibromyalgia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibromyalgia"}]}}{"C3044":{"preferredName":"Fibrosis","code":"C3044","definitions":[{"description":"Increase in collagen and low numbers of fibrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The formation of fibrous tissue.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"The growth of fibrous tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The formation of fibrous tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIBROSIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016059"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibrosis"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E2313"}]}}{"C26780":{"preferredName":"Gastritis","code":"C26780","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Inflammation of the lining of the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Inflammation of the stomach.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Inflammation of the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Inflammation of the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gastritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Gastritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Gastritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gastritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"gastritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017152"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gastritis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Gastritis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastritis"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E1012"}]}}{"C26781":{"preferredName":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease","code":"C26781","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by reflux of the gastric and/or duodenal contents into the distal esophagus. It is chronic in nature and usually caused by incompetence of the lower esophageal sphincter, and may result in injury to the esophageal mucosal. Symptoms include heartburn and acid indigestion.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Reflux of stomach contents with symptoms and/or complications from the reflux act.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A chronic disorder characterized by reflux of the gastric and/or duodenal contents into the distal esophagus. It is usually caused by incompetence of the lower esophageal sphincter. Symptoms include heartburn and acid indigestion. It may cause injury to the esophageal mucosa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GERD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"GERD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GERD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Gastroesophageal reflux disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Reflux Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017168"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gastroesophageal_Reflux_Disease"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease with oesophagitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"GERD"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reflux Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastroesophageal reflux disease"}]}}{"C26782":{"preferredName":"Glaucoma","code":"C26782","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which there is a build-up of fluid in the eye, which presses on the retina and the optic nerve. The retina is the layer of nerve tissue inside the eye that senses light and sends images along the optic nerve to the brain. Glaucoma can damage the optic nerve and cause loss of vision or blindness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in pressure in the eyeball due to obstruction of the aqueous humor outflow.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Increased pressure in the eyeball due to obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Optic nerve damage secondary to increased intraocular pressure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Increased pressure in the eyeball due to obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glaucoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Glaucoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Glaucoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Glaucoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Glaucoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glaucoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Glaucoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"glaucoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017601"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glaucoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Glaucoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glaucoma"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0822"}]}}{"C61272":{"preferredName":"Glycogen Storage Disease","code":"C61272","definitions":[{"description":"An inherited metabolic disorder characterized either by defects in glycogen synthesis or defects in the breaking down of glycogen. It results either in the creation of abnormal forms of glycogen or accumulation of glycogen in the tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"description":"An inherited metabolic disorder characterized either by defects in glycogen synthesis or defects in the breaking down of glycogen. It results either in the creation of abnormal forms of glycogen or accumulation of glycogen in the tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glycogen Storage Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Glycogen Storage Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glycogen Storage Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Glycogen storage disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ACC/AHA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017919"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ACC/AHA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glycogen_Storage_Disease"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Glycogen Storage Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glycogen Storage Disease"}]}}{"C26786":{"preferredName":"Gonadal Disorder","code":"C26786","definitions":[{"description":"A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the testis or the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Disorder of Gonads","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Gonadal Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gonadal Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Gonadal Disorders","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gonadal Dysfunction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018050"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gonadal_Disorder"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Gonadal Disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gonadal Dysfunction"}]}}{"C2892":{"preferredName":"Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome","code":"C2892","definitions":[{"description":"A genetic condition that causes unusual facial features and disorders of the skin, bones, nervous system, eyes, and endocrine glands. People with this syndrome have a higher risk of basal cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant genetic syndrome caused by abnormalities in the PTCH gene. It is characterized by multiple basal cell carcinomas at a young age, odontogenic keratocysts, and skeletal defects (bifurcated and splayed ribs, fusion of vertebrae, spinal bifida). Patients with this syndrome may also develop medulloblastomas and ovarian fibromas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gorlin Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gorlin Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gorlin syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Basal Cell Carcinomas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nevoid Basal Cell Cancer Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma (Gorlin) Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"basal cell nevus syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004779"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Basal_Cell_Nevus_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gorlin Syndrome"}]}}{"C34650":{"preferredName":"Gout","code":"C34650","definitions":[{"description":"A condition marked by increased levels of uric acid in the blood, joints, and tissue. The buildup of uric acid in the joints and tissues causes arthritis and inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A condition characterized by painful swelling of the joints, which is caused by deposition of urate crystals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gout","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Gout","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gout","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gout","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018099"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gout"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gout"}]}}{"C39293":{"preferredName":"Helicobacter Pylori Infection","code":"C39293","definitions":[{"description":"A bacterial infection of the stomach, caused by Helicobacter pylori. It is associated with the development of peptic ulcer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H. Pylori Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"H. pylori Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"H. pylori Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Helicobacter Pylori Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Helicobacter Pylori Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0850666"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Helicobacter_Pylori_Infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H. pylori Infection"}]}}{"C27191":{"preferredName":"Hashimoto Thyroiditis","code":"C27191","definitions":[{"description":"An autoimmune condition of the thyroid gland (a gland located beneath the larynx). It is caused by the formation of antibodies that attack the thyroid gland and it usually causes hypothyroidism (too little thyroid hormone). Symptoms include fatigue, weight gain, constipation, dry skin, depression, and the inability to exercise. It is more common in females and can run in families.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation and lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid gland, sometimes associated with reduced thyroid function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An autoimmune disorder caused by the production of autoantibodies against thyroid tissue. There is progressive destruction of the thyroid follicles leading to hypothyroidism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autoimmune Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hashimoto Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hashimoto Thyroiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hashimoto Thyroiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hashimoto Thyroiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hashimoto Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hashimoto disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hashimoto thyroiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hashimoto's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hashimoto's Thyroiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hashimoto's Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hashimoto's Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Lymphocytic Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"autoimmune thyroiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677607"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hashimoto_s_Thyroiditis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hashimoto Thyroiditis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hashimoto's disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hashimoto's Thyroiditis"}]}}{"C34661":{"preferredName":"Headache","code":"C34661","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in various parts of the head, not confined to the area of distribution of any nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Head pain or discomfort.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Pain in various parts of the head, not confined to the area of distribution of any nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"description":"Pain in various parts of the head, not confined to the area of distribution of any nerve.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Pain in various parts of the head, not confined to the area of distribution of any nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Headache","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"termName":"Headache","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Headache","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Headache","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Headache","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Headache","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Headache","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Headaches","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Headaches","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018681"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ACC/AHA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Headache"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Headache"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Headaches"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Headache"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0116"}]}}{"C3079":{"preferredName":"Heart Disorder","code":"C3079","definitions":[{"description":"The report describes a non-specific problem with the heart. Note: Please use \"Appropriate Term / Code Not Available\" if the report describes a specific problem but the relevant term does not exist.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the heart and/or the pericardium. Representative examples include endocarditis, pericarditis, atrial myxoma, cardiac myeloid sarcoma, and pericardial malignant mesothelioma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heart Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Heart Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heart Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Heart Disorder","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Heart Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Heart Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Heart Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heart Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Heart trouble","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Unspecified Heart Problem","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018799"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Heart_Disease"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Heart Disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Heart Disease"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0623"}]}}{"C88541":{"preferredName":"Hemihypertrophy","code":"C88541","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which one side of the body or a part of one side is larger than the other. Children with hemihypertrophy have an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer, including Wilms tumor (a childhood kidney cancer) and liver cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A finding indicating the presence of greater than normal asymmetry between the right and left sides of the body. The asymmetry may be manifested in the entire side or part of it.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemi-hypertrophy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hemihyperplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemihypertrophy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hemihypertrophy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemihypertrophy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"hemihypertrophy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0332890"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hemihypertrophy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemihypertrophy"}]}}{"C114666":{"preferredName":"Hemorrhagic Cystitis","code":"C114666","definitions":[{"description":"Inflammation of the bladder resulting in bloody urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Inflammation of the bladder resulting in bloody urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemorrhagic Cystitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hemorrhagic Cystitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemorrhagic Cystitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085692"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hemorrhagic Cystitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemorrhagic cystitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemorrhagic Cystitis"}]}}{"C3095":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis","code":"C3095","definitions":[{"description":"Disease of the liver causing inflammation. Symptoms include an enlarged liver, fever, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and dark urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Inflammation of the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Inflammation of the liver; usually from a viral infection, but sometimes from toxic agents.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Inflammation of the liver; usually from a viral infection, but sometimes from toxic agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hepatitis, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"hepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019158"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatitis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hepatitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatitis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatitis"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E1102"}]}}{"C3096":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis A Infection","code":"C3096","definitions":[{"description":"Acute inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus. It is highly contagious and usually contracted through close contact with an infected individual or their feces, contaminated food or water.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Hepatitis A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Hepatitis A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hepatitis A Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hepatitis A Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hepatitis A Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis A Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hepatitis A Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019159"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatitis_A"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hepatitis A Infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatitis A Infection"}]}}{"C3097":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis B Infection","code":"C3097","definitions":[{"description":"A viral infection caused by the hepatitis B virus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatitis B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Infection","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Viral Hepatitis B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019163"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatitis_B"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hepatitis B Infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatitis B Infection"}]}}{"C3098":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis C Infection","code":"C3098","definitions":[{"description":"A viral infection caused by the hepatitis C virus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HCV Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C Infection","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Hepatitis C Virus Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NANBH","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hepatitis C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019196"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatitis_C"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic hepatitis C without mention of hepatic coma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatitis C Infection"}]}}{"C82978":{"preferredName":"Chronic Hepatitis","code":"C82978","definitions":[{"description":"An active inflammatory process affecting the liver for more than six months. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune disorders, drugs, and metabolic disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Hepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis, Chronic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019189"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chronic_Hepatitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatitis, Chronic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic Hepatitis"}]}}{"C120083":{"preferredName":"Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer Syndrome","code":"C120083","definitions":[{"description":"An inherited disorder in which affected individuals have a higher-than-normal chance of developing colorectal cancer and certain other types of cancer, often before the age of 50.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inherited syndrome characterized by the development of several cancers, particularly colon and rectal cancers. It includes Lynch syndrome which is associated with germline mutations in DNA mismatch-repair genes and familial colorectal cancer type X which is characterized by the absence of germline mutations in DNA mismatch-repair genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Familial Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HNPCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HNPCC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hereditary Non-polyposis Colon Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009405"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hereditary Non-polyposis Colon Cancer"}]}}{"C155871":{"preferredName":"Herpes Simplex Virus Infection","code":"C155871","definitions":[{"description":"An infection that is caused by herpes simplex virus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HSV Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herpes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Herpes Simplex Virus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Herpes Simplex Virus Infection","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Herpes Simplex Virus Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019348"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Herpes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Herpes Simplex Virus"}]}}{"C96768":{"preferredName":"High Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule","code":"C96768","definitions":[{"description":"A hepatic dysplastic nodule characterized by the presence of high grade atypical cellular changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HGDN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Hepatic Dysplastic Nodule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"High Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273016"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"High Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule"}]}}{"C2851":{"preferredName":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","code":"C2851","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic, potentially life threatening condition that is caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and is characterized by increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections, certain cancers and neurologic disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). People with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are at an increased risk for developing certain cancers and for infections that usually occur only in individuals with a weak immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A syndrome resulting from the acquired deficiency of cellular immunity caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is characterized by the reduction of the Helper T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and the lymph nodes. Symptoms include generalized lymphadenopathy, fever, weight loss, and chronic diarrhea. Patients with AIDS are especially susceptible to opportunistic infections (usually pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections, tuberculosis, candida infections, and cryptococcosis), and the development of malignant neoplasms (usually non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma). The human immunodeficiency virus is transmitted through sexual contact, sharing of contaminated needles, or transfusion of contaminated blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AIDS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AIDS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AIDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acquired Immune Deficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"HIV / AIDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"HIV/AIDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001175"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"AIDS"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"HIV / AIDS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acquired immune deficiency syndrome"}]}}{"C27851":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus Infection","code":"C27851","definitions":[{"description":"An infectious process caused by a human papillomavirus. This infection can cause abnormal tissue growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HPV Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papilloma Virus Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Infection","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0343641"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Human_Papilloma_Virus_Infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Human Papillomavirus Infection"}]}}{"C3112":{"preferredName":"Hypercalcemia","code":"C3112","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of calcium in blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Higher than normal levels of calcium in the blood. Some types of cancer increase the risk of hypercalcemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Abnormally high concentration of calcium in the peripheral blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypercalcemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hypercalcemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Hypercalcemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hypercalcemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypercalcemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"hypercalcemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020437"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hypercalcemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hypercalcemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hypercalcemia"}]}}{"C37967":{"preferredName":"Hypercholesterolemia","code":"C37967","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate higher than normal levels of cholesterol in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Abnormally high level of cholesterol in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A laboratory test result indicating an increased amount of cholesterol in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cholesterol high","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"High Cholesterol","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypercholesterolemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hypercholesterolemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypercholesterolemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522133"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hypercholesterolemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hypercholesterolemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hypercholesterolemia"}]}}{"C26797":{"preferredName":"Hyperglycemia","code":"C26797","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of blood sugar. It is usually an indication of diabetes mellitus or glucose intolerance.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Abnormally high level of glucose in the blood.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Higher than normal amount of glucose (a type of sugar) in the blood. Hyperglycemia can be a sign of diabetes or other conditions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Plasma glucose concentration above the reference range.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Abnormally high level of glucose in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Elevated Blood Glucose","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hyperglycemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hyperglycemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Hyperglycemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Hyperglycemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hyperglycemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hyperglycemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"high blood sugar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hyperglycemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020456"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hyperglycemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hyperglycemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hyperglycemia"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E1205"}]}}{"C34707":{"preferredName":"Hyperlipidemia","code":"C34707","definitions":[{"description":"Elevated levels of lipids in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyperlipidemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hyperlipidemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020473"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hyperlipidemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hyperlipidemia"}]}}{"C3117":{"preferredName":"Hypertension","code":"C3117","definitions":[{"description":"A blood pressure of 140/90 or higher. High blood pressure usually has no symptoms. It can harm the arteries and cause an increase in the risk of stroke, heart attack, kidney failure, and blindness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a pathological increase in blood pressure; a repeatedly elevation in the blood pressure exceeding 140 over 90 mm Hg.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Abnormally high blood pressure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Blood pressure that is abnormally high.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Blood pressure that is abnormally high.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HTN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Blood Pressure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Blood Pressure/Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"High blood pressure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Vascular Hypertensive Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"high blood pressure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020538"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hypertension"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hypertension"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hypertension"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E2320"}]}}{"C40341":{"preferredName":"Hypospadias","code":"C40341","definitions":[{"description":"A birth defect in which the opening of the urethra (the tube through which urine leaves the body) is not in its normal place. In males with hypospadias, the urethra opens on the underside of the penis or between the anus and the scrotum. In females with hypospadias, it opens into the vagina. Hypospadias is much more common in males than in females, and can be corrected by surgery. Children with hypospadias have an increased risk of developing Wilms tumor (a type of kidney cancer).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A congenital condition in which the urethra fails to develop properly, and the opening of the urethra is located on the ventrum of the penis, scrotum, or perineum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Urethra opening on the underside of the penis or on the perineum. (Makris S, Solomon HM, Clark R, Shiota K, Barbellion S, Buschmann J, Ema M, Fujiwara M, Grote K, Hazelden KP, Hew KW, Horimoto M, Ooshima Y, Parkinson M, Wise LD. Terminology of developmental abnormalities in common laboratory mammals (Version 2). Part B. Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol. 2009 Aug;86(4):227-327.)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A congenital abnormality in which the external urethral orifice is on the underside of the penis. In a minority of cases it is associated with other genitourinary abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HYPOSPADIAS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypospadias","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hypospadias","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypospadias","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"hypospadias","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1691215"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hypospadias"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hypospadias"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hypospadias"}]}}{"C26800":{"preferredName":"Hypothyroidism","code":"C26800","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Reduced secretion of thyroid hormone(s) by the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Too little thyroid hormone. Symptoms include weight gain, constipation, dry skin, and sensitivity to the cold.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Abnormally low levels of thyroid hormone.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypothyroidism","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hypothyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Hypothyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hypothyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypothyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hypothyroidism","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"hypothyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"underactive thyroid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020676"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hypothyroidism"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hypothyroidism"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hypothyroidism"}]}}{"C3138":{"preferredName":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","code":"C3138","definitions":[{"description":"A general term that refers to the inflammation of the colon and rectum. Inflammatory bowel disease includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Chronic inflammatory process affecting the gastrointestinal tract; primarily ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A spectrum of small and large bowel inflammatory diseases of unknown etiology. It includes Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and colitis of indeterminate type.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autoimmune Bowel Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IBD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"inflammatory bowel disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021390"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Inflammatory bowel disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease"}]}}{"C78393":{"preferredName":"Iron Overload","code":"C78393","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which the body takes up and stores more iron than it needs. The extra iron is stored in the liver, heart, and pancreas, which may cause liver disease, heart problems, organ failure, and cancer. It may also cause bronze skin, diabetes, pain in the joints and abdomen, tiredness, and impotence. Iron overload may be inherited, or it may be caused by blood transfusions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of iron in the tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Abnormally high level of iron in the tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Accumulation of iron in the tissues. It may be a manifestation of an inherited disorder (e.g., hemochromatosis) or acquired (in patients with repeated blood transfusions). Symptoms include hepatomegaly, arthritis, diabetes mellitus, and bronzed skin. If untreated it has a progressive course and may lead to death.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Iron Overload","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Iron Overload","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Iron Overload","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iron Overload","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Iron overload","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"iron overload","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0282193"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Iron_Overload"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Iron Overload"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Iron Overload"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Iron overload"}]}}{"C50625":{"preferredName":"Ischemic Heart Disease","code":"C50625","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries, to obstruction by a thrombus, or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (myocardial infarction).","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries, to obstruction by a thrombus, or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (myocardial infarction).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IHD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ischemic Heart Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Ischemic Heart Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ischemic Heart Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ischemic Heart Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0151744"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ischemic_Heart_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ischemic Heart Disease"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0612"}]}}{"C3446":{"preferredName":"Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","code":"C3446","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which platelets (blood cells that cause blood clots to form) are destroyed by the immune system. The low platelet count causes easy bruising and bleeding, which may be seen as purple areas in the skin, mucous membranes, and outer linings of organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Disorder characterized by abnormally low level of circulating platelets, usually with normal hemoglobin/red blood cell and white blood cell levels, and thought to be secondary to autoimmune destruction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An autoimmune disorder in which the number of circulating platelets is reduced due to their antibody-mediated destruction. ITP is a diagnosis of exclusion and is heterogeneous in origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ITP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ITP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"ITP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ITP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"immune thrombocytopenic purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0920163"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Idiopathic_Thrombocytopenic_Purpura"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"ITP"}]}}{"C131579":{"preferredName":"Joint Replacement","code":"C131579","definitions":[{"description":"A surgical procedure to replace part, or all structures, of a joint with an orthopedic prosthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arthroplasty (Total Joint Replacement Surgery)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Joint Replacement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Joint Replacement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Joint Replacement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Joint Replacement Surgery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Replacement Arthroplasty","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Total Joint Replacement Surgery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0185317"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Joint Replacement"}]}}{"C3476":{"preferredName":"Li-Fraumeni Syndrome","code":"C3476","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, inherited predisposition to multiple cancers, caused by an alteration in the p53 tumor suppressor gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant cancer predisposition syndrome caused by germline mutations of the TP53 gene or CHEK2 gene. It is characterized by the development of malignant neoplasms at various anatomic sites. The malignant neoplasms associated with Li-Fraumeni syndrome include breast carcinoma, choroid plexus carcinoma, adrenal cortex carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, thyroid gland carcinoma, kidney carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, astrocytic tumors, medulloblastoma, osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma, leukemia, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Li-Fraumeni","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Li-Fraumeni Familial Cancer Susceptibility Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Li-Fraumeni Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Li-Fraumeni Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Li-Fraumeni Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Li-Fraumeni Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Li-Fraumeni Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Li-Fraumeni syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085390"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Li-Fraumeni_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Li-Fraumeni Syndrome"}]}}{"C96770":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule","code":"C96770","definitions":[{"description":"A hepatic dysplastic nodule characterized by the presence of low grade atypical cellular changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LGDN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Hepatic Dysplastic Nodule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Low Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273018"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Low Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule"}]}}{"C27153":{"preferredName":"Lupus Erythematosus","code":"C27153","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic inflammatory connective tissue disease marked by skin rashes, joint pain and swelling, inflammation of the kidneys, inflammation of the fibrous tissue surrounding the heart (i.e., the pericardium), as well as other problems. Not all affected individuals display all of these problems.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An umbrella term referring to disease entities such as cutaneous, subacute cutaneous, discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An autoimmune, connective tissue chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the skin, joints, kidneys, lungs, heart, and the peripheral blood cells. It is more commonly seen in women than men. Variants include discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lupus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lupus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lupus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Lupus Erythematosus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lupus Erythematosus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"lupus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0409974"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lupus_Erythematosus"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Lupus Erythematosus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lupus"}]}}{"C174114":{"preferredName":"Lymphocytic Meningitis","code":"C174114","definitions":[{"description":"Meningitis in which lymphocytes predominate in the cerebrospinal fluid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphocytic Meningitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymphocytic Meningitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphocytic Meningitis"}]}}{"C8494":{"preferredName":"Lynch Syndrome","code":"C8494","definitions":[{"description":"An autosomal dominant hereditary neoplastic syndrome characterized by the development of colorectal carcinoma and a high risk of developing endometrial carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, renal pelvis carcinoma, and small intestinal carcinoma. Patients often develop colorectal carcinomas at an early age (mean, 45 years). In the majority of the cases the lesions arise from the proximal colon. At the molecular level, high-frequency microsatellite instability is present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Familial Non-Polyposis Colon Cancer (hMSH2, hMLH1, hPMS1, hPMS2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Colorectal Endometrial Cancer Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Defective Mismatch Repair Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colon Cancer (hMSH2, hMLH1, hPMS1, hPMS2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer (hMSH2, hMLH1, hPMS1, hPMS2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lynch Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lynch Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Lynch Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Lynch Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lynch Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lynch Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Lynch syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lynch syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1333990"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hereditary_Non-Polyposis_Colon_Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lynch Syndrome"}]}}{"C27314":{"preferredName":"Mycobacterium Avium Complex Lymphadenitis","code":"C27314","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node infection by Mycobacterium avium or Mycobacterium intracellulare. It most often affects children and usually presents with cervical lymph node enlargement. It generally follows a benign clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAC Lymphadenitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAI Lymphadenitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium Avium Complex Lymphadenitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare Lymphadenitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0858195"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mycobacterium_Avium_Complex_Lymphadenitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"MAI"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis"}]}}{"C34797":{"preferredName":"Malaria","code":"C34797","definitions":[{"description":"Plasmodium parasite infection, characterized by fever, flu-like symptoms, anemia, and jaundice, that may be transmitted through infected mosquito bites, blood transfusion, organ transplant, contaminated needles or syringes, or before or during birth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A protozoan infection caused by the genus Plasmodium. There are four species of Plasmodium that can infect humans: Plasmodium falciparum, vivax, ovale, and malariae. It is transmitted to humans by infected mosquitoes. Signs and symptoms include paroxysmal high fever, sweating, chills, and anemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malaria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malaria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malaria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malaria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024530"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malaria"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Malaria"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malaria"}]}}{"C84442":{"preferredName":"Metabolic Syndrome","code":"C84442","definitions":[{"description":"A condition is marked by extra fat around the abdomen, high levels of blood glucose (sugar) when not eating, high levels of triglycerides (a type of fat) in the blood, low levels of high-density lipoproteins (a type of protein that carries fats) in the blood, and high blood pressure. People with metabolic syndrome are at increased risk of diabetes mellitus and diseases of the heart and blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A combination of medical conditions that when present, increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, and diabetes mellitus. It includes the following medical conditions: increased blood pressure, central obesity, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardiometabolic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metabolic Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Metabolic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Metabolic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metabolic Syndrome X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"metabolic syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"metabolic syndrome X","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0524620"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Metabolic Syndrome"}]}}{"C60989":{"preferredName":"Myasthenia Gravis","code":"C60989","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which antibodies made by a person's immune system prevent certain nerve-muscle interactions. It causes weakness in the arms and legs, vision problems, and drooping eyelids or head. It may also cause paralysis and problems with swallowing, talking, climbing stairs, lifting things, and getting up from a sitting position. The muscle weakness gets worse during activity, and improves after periods of rest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by skeletal muscle weakness. It is caused by the blockage of the acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myasthenia Gravis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Myasthenia Gravis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myasthenia Gravis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myasthenia Gravis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"myasthenia gravis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026896"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myasthenia_Gravis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Myasthenia Gravis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myasthenia Gravis"}]}}{"C36197":{"preferredName":"Mycobacterium Avium Infection","code":"C36197","definitions":[{"description":"An infection that is caused by Mycobacterium avium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mycobacterium Avium Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium avium Complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026916"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mycobacterium_Avium_Infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mycobacterium avium Complex"}]}}{"C27996":{"preferredName":"Myocardial Infarction","code":"C27996","definitions":[{"description":"A condition which occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to a part of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by gross necrosis of the myocardium; this is due to an interruption of blood supply to the area.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Gross necrosis of the myocardium, as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area, as in coronary thrombosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"description":"Necrosis of the myocardium, as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Gross necrosis of the myocardium, as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area, as in coronary thrombosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Heart Attack","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"termName":"MI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myocardial Infarct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myocardial Infarction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Myocardial Infarction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Myocardial Infarction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myocardial Infarction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myocardial Infarction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Myocardial Infarction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Myocardial infarction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027051"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ACC/AHA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myocardial_Infarction"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Myocardial Infarction"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myocardial infarction"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myocardial Infarction"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E061202"}]}}{"C3809":{"preferredName":"Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","code":"C3809","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor that forms from cells that release hormones in response to a signal from the nervous system. Some examples of neuroendocrine tumors are carcinoid tumors, islet cell tumors, medullary thyroid carcinomas, pheochromocytomas, and neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin (Merkel cell cancer). These tumors may secrete higher-than-normal amounts of hormones, which can cause many different symptoms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm composed of cells of neuroendocrine origin. Representative examples include paraganglioma, carcinoid tumor, and neuroendocrine carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NEN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"neuroendocrine tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206754"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neuroendocrine_Neoplasm"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Neuroendocrine Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neuroendocrine tumors"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neuroendocrine Tumor"}]}}{"C84445":{"preferredName":"Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","code":"C84445","definitions":[{"description":"Fatty replacement and damage to the hepatocytes not related to alcohol use. It may lead to cirrhosis and liver failure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NASH - Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3241937"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis"}]}}{"C3283":{"preferredName":"Obesity","code":"C3283","definitions":[{"description":"A condition marked by an abnormally high, unhealthy amount of body fat.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by having a high amount of body fat.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Having a high amount of body fat (body mass index [BMI] of 30 or more).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Obesity","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Obesity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Obesity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Obesity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Obesity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"obesity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028754"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Obesity"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Obesity"}]}}{"C15289":{"preferredName":"Organ Transplantation","code":"C15289","definitions":[{"description":"The transfer of an organ, organ part, or tissue from one body to another, for the purpose of replacing the recipient's damaged or failing organ with a working one from the donor. Donors can be living, or cadaveric (dead).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anatomical Gift","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Clinical, Transplantation, Organ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ Donation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ Donation Procedure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ Transplantation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Organ Transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Organ Transplantation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ Transplants","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ transplant (site)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"organ grafting","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0029216"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Organ_Transplantation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Organ transplant (site)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Organ Transplantation"}]}}{"C3293":{"preferredName":"Osteoarthritis","code":"C3293","definitions":[{"description":"A disease process characterized by degeneration of the articular cartilage, hypertrophy of bone at the margins and changes in the synovial membrane. (INHAND)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A noninflammatory degenerative joint disease occurring chiefly in older persons, characterised by degeneration of the articular cartilage, hypertrophy of bone at the margins and changes in the synovial membrane. It is accompanied by pain and stiffness, particularly after prolonged activity.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Osteoarthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Osteoarthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Osteoarthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0029408"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Osteoarthritis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteoarthritis"}]}}{"C3303":{"preferredName":"Pain","code":"C3303","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the sensation of marked discomfort, distress or agony.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A feeling of distress, suffering, or agony, caused by stimulation of specialized nerve endings.","attr":null,"defSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"description":"An unpleasant sensation associated with real or perceived physical or mental trauma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that is associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in such terms.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"The sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony, resulting from the stimulation of specialized nerve endings.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pain (Various)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030193"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ACC/AHA"},{"name":"Use_For","value":"Soreness"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pain"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Pain"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pain (Various)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pain, not elsewhere classified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pain"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E2330"}]}}{"C3306":{"preferredName":"Pancreatitis","code":"C3306","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Inflammation of the pancreas.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Inflammation of the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Inflammation of the pancreas. Chronic pancreatitis may cause diabetes and problems with digestion. Pain is the primary symptom.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Inflammation of the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inflammatory Pancreatic Disease","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Pancreatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Pancreatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pancreatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pancreatitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"pancreatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030305"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreatitis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Pancreatitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatitis"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E1021"}]}}{"C3318":{"preferredName":"Peptic Ulcer","code":"C3318","definitions":[{"description":"A break in the lining of the lower part of the esophagus, the stomach, or the upper part of the small intestine. Peptic ulcers form when cells on the surface of the lining become inflamed and die. They are usually caused by Helicobacter pylori bacteria and by certain medicines, such as aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Peptic ulcers may be linked to cancer and other diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mucosal injury that occurs in the stomach or duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A mucosal erosion that occurs in the esophagus, stomach or duodenum. Symptoms can include abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and bleeding.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peptic Ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Peptic Ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peptic Ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Peptic Ulcer (Ulcer)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Peptic Ulcer Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"peptic ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030920"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peptic_Ulcer"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Peptic Ulcer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peptic ulcer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peptic Ulcer (Ulcer)"}]}}{"C119734":{"preferredName":"Peripheral Neuropathy","code":"C119734","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder affecting one or more peripheral nerves. It is manifested with pain, tingling, numbness, and/ or muscle weakness. Causes may include physical injury, toxic substances, viral infection and systemic illness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A nerve problem that causes pain, numbness, tingling, swelling, or muscle weakness in different parts of the body. It usually begins in the hands or feet and gets worse over time. Neuropathy may be caused by physical injury, infection, toxic substances, disease (such as cancer, diabetes, kidney failure, or malnutrition), or drugs, including anticancer drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system. It manifests with pain, tingling, numbness, and muscle weakness. It may be the result of physical injury, toxic substances, viral diseases, diabetes, renal failure, cancer, and drugs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peripheral Nerve Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neuropathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neuropathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neuropathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neuropathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL481024"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Peripheral Neuropathy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peripheral Neuropathy"}]}}{"C35136":{"preferredName":"Peripheral Vascular Disorder","code":"C35136","definitions":[{"description":"Any disorder affecting blood flow through the veins or arteries outside of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peripheral Vascular Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Peripheral Vascular Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Vascular Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085096"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peripheral_Vascular_Disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peripheral Vascular Disease"}]}}{"C3324":{"preferredName":"Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome","code":"C3324","definitions":[{"description":"A genetic disorder in which polyps form in the intestine and dark spots appear on the mouth and fingers. Having Peutz-Jeghers syndrome increases the risk of developing gastrointestinal and many other types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inherited condition characterized by generalized hamartomatous multiple polyposis of the intestinal tract. Transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome consistently involves the jejunum and is associated with melanin spots of the lips, buccal mucosa, and fingers. This syndrome is associated with abnormalities of chromosome 19. Also known as Jeghers-Peutz syndrome and Peutz's syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jeghers-Peutz Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PJS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PJS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Peutz's Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peutz-Jeghers Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peutz-Jeghers syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Peutz-Jeghers syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0031269"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peutz-Jeghers_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peutz-Jeghers Disease"}]}}{"C3334":{"preferredName":"Pneumocystis Pneumonia","code":"C3334","definitions":[{"description":"A severe, progressive pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii, which is usually seen in immunologically compromised individuals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Pneumonia resulting from infection with Pneumocystis jirovecii, frequently seen in the immunologically compromised, such as persons with AIDS, or steroid-treated individuals, the elderly, or premature or debilitated babies during their first three months. Patients may be only slightly febrile (or even afebrile), but are likely to be extremely weak, dyspneic, and cyanotic. This is a major cause of morbidity among patients with AIDS.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PCP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"PJP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PJP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1535939"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pneumocystis_Carinii_Pneumonia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Pneumocystis Pneumonia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pneumocystis Pneumonia"}]}}{"C26862":{"preferredName":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","code":"C26862","definitions":[{"description":"A condition marked by infertility, enlarged ovaries, menstrual problems, high levels of male hormones, excess hair on the face and body, acne, and obesity. Women with PCOS have an increased risk of diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and endometrial cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A condition of unknown or heterogenous genetic etiology that is characterized by hyperandrogenism and ovarian dysfunction, though the clinical features of the condition may differ between teenage girls and adult women. For teenage girls, the characteristic features generally manifest as persistent, otherwise unexplained hyperandrogenism and reduced or absent ovulation with associated menstrual irregularity, as determined by age- and pubertal stage-appropriate criteria. Additional clinical manifestations include some or all of the following: obesity, insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia or frank type 2 diabetes mellitus, acanthosis nigricans, hirsutism, and polycystic ovary on ultrasound.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A disorder that manifests as multiple cysts on the ovaries. It results in hormonal imbalances and leads to irregular and abnormal menstrual periods, excess growth of hair, acne eruptions and obesity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PCOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PCOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Polycystic Ovarian Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Stein-Leventhal Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stein-Leventhal Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"polycystic ovary syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032460"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stein-Leventhal_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)"}]}}{"C124295":{"preferredName":"Pregnant","code":"C124295","definitions":[{"description":"Observed to be or have been pregnant or positive for a pregnancy test.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Observed to be or have been pregnant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PREGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pregnant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0549206"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pregnancy in Patient or Partner"}]}}{"C4828":{"preferredName":"Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis","code":"C4828","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic, autoimmune inflammatory liver disorder characterized by narrowing and scarring of the lumen of the bile ducts. It is often seen in patients with ulcerative colitis. Signs and symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, and malabsorption. It may lead to cirrhosis and liver failure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PSC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Cholangitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0566602"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Primary_Sclerosing_Cholangitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis"}]}}{"C3346":{"preferredName":"Psoriasis","code":"C3346","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic disease of the skin marked by red patches covered with white scales.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autoimmune condition characterized by red, well-delineated plaques with silvery scales that are usually on the extensor surfaces and scalp. They can occasionally present with these manifestations: pustules; erythema and scaling in intertriginous areas, and erythroderma, that are often distributed on extensor surfaces and scalp.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An autoimmune condition characterized by red, well-delineated plaques with silvery scales that are usually on the extensor surfaces and scalp. They can occasionally present with these manifestations: pustules; erythema and scaling in intertriginous areas, and erythroderma, that are often distributed on extensor surfaces and scalp.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Psoriasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Psoriasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Psoriasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Psoriasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"psoriasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0033860"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Psoriasis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Psoriasis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Psoriasis"}]}}{"C26869":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Fibrosis","code":"C26869","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the replacement of the lung tissue by connective tissue, leading to progressive dyspnea, respiratory failure or right heart failure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A interstitial lung disease characterized by the replacement of lung tissue with connective tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Chronic progressive interstitial lung disorder characterized by the replacement of the lung tissue by connective tissue, leading to progressive dyspnea, respiratory failure, or right heart failure. Causes include chronic inflammatory processes, exposure to environmental irritants, radiation therapy, autoimmune disorders, certain drugs, or it may be idiopathic (no identifiable cause).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Interstitial Fibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pulmonary fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034069"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pulmonary_Fibrosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Pulmonary Fibrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary fibrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary Fibrosis"}]}}{"C78578":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Hemorrhage","code":"C78578","definitions":[{"description":"Bleeding from the lung parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0151701"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pulmonary_Hemorrhage"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Pulmonary Hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary Hemorrhage"}]}}{"C15248":{"preferredName":"Hemodialysis","code":"C15248","definitions":[{"description":"A therapeutic procedure involving the extracorporeal removal of harmful waste and fluids from the blood using a dialysis machine. Following dialysis, the blood is returned to the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A therapeutic procedure used in patients with kidney failure. It involves the extracorporeal removal of harmful wastes and fluids from the blood using a dialysis machine. Following the dialysis, the blood is returned to the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Artificial Kidney Dialysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extracorporeal Dialysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEMODIALYSIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hemodialysis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney Dialysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Dialysis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Renal Dialysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019004"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hemodialysis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal Dialysis"}]}}{"C4376":{"preferredName":"Renal Failure","code":"C4376","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which the kidneys stop working and are not able to remove waste and extra water from the blood or keep body chemicals in balance. Acute or severe renal failure happens suddenly (for example, after an injury) and may be treated and cured. Chronic renal failure develops over many years, may be caused by conditions like high blood pressure or diabetes, and cannot be cured. Chronic renal failure may lead to total and long-lasting renal failure, called end-stage renal disease (ESRD). A person in ESRD needs dialysis (the process of cleaning the blood by passing it through a membrane or filter) or a kidney transplant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An acute or chronic condition that is characterized by the inability of the kidneys to adequately filter the blood resulting in uremia and electrolyte imbalances.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"An acute or chronic condition that is characterized by the inability of the kidneys to adequately filter the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute or chronic condition that is characterized by the inability of the kidneys to adequately filter the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kidney Failure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Failure","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Renal Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Renal Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Renal Failure Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Renal Insufficiency","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Renal Insufficiency","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"kidney failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"renal failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0035078"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Renal_Failure"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Renal Failure"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal failure"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal Insufficiency"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E130501"}]}}{"C2884":{"preferredName":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","code":"C2884","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A chronic, inflammatory condition manifesting primarily as a symmetric, erosive, polyarthritis that spares the axial skeleton and is typically associated with rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An autoimmune disease that causes pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints, and may cause severe joint damage, loss of function, and disability. The disease may last from months to a lifetime, and symptoms may improve and worsen over time.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic, systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation in the synovial membranes and articular surfaces. It manifests primarily as a symmetric, erosive polyarthritis that spares the axial skeleton and is typically associated with the presence in the serum of rheumatoid factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"rheumatoid arthritis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003873"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rheumatoid_Arthritis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Rheumatoid Arthritis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rheumatoid Arthritis"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E160201"}]}}{"C27204":{"preferredName":"Rheumatologic Disorder","code":"C27204","definitions":[{"description":"A group of disorders marked by inflammation or pain in the connective tissue structures of the body. These structures include bone, cartilage, and fat.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A term previously used to describe chronic diseases of the connective tissue (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and systemic sclerosis), but now is thought to be more appropriate for diseases associated with defects in collagen, which is a component of the connective tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An umbrella term used to encompass disorders characterized by autoimmunity, autoinflammatory processes, joint or connective tissue inflammation or degeneration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Inflammatory and degenerative diseases of connective tissue structures, such as arthritis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Collagen Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Collagen Vascular Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue Disease","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Rheumatism","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Musculoskeletal Pain Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rheumatic Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Rheumatism","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rheumatologic Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rheumatologic Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rheumatologic Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"collagen disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"rheumatism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0035435"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rheumatologic_Disorder"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Rheumatic Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rheumatologic Disease"}]}}{"C75466":{"preferredName":"Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","code":"C75466","definitions":[{"description":"A rare genetic syndrome mapped to chromosome 16p13.3 and associated with mutations in the CREBBP gene. It is characterized by mental and growth retardation, distinctive facial features (prominent nose, low-set ears, microcephaly, and small mouth), and broad thumbs and great toes. Patients are at an increased risk of developing benign and malignant neoplasms, including nervous system neoplasms and malignant lymphoproliferative disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0035934"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rubinstein_Taybi_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome"}]}}{"C34995":{"preferredName":"Sarcoidosis","code":"C34995","definitions":[{"description":"An inflammatory disease marked by the formation of granulomas (small nodules of immune cells) in the lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs. Sarcoidosis may be acute and go away by itself, or it may be chronic and progressive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inflammatory disorder characterized by the formation of non-necrotizing granulomas often associated with multi-nucleated giant cells within affected organs. Virtually all organs may be affected; however, it often affects the lungs, lymph nodes, liver, synovium, skin, heart, and uveal tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An idiopathic inflammatory disorder characterized by the formation of non-necrotizing epithelioid granulomas which contain giant cells. It usually affects the lungs, lymph nodes, liver, and skin. Cardiac involvement is also possible.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sarcoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Sarcoidosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sarcoidosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoidosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"sarcoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sarcoidosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036202"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sarcoidosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Sarcoidosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sarcoidosis"}]}}{"C2962":{"preferredName":"Seizure","code":"C2962","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden, involuntary skeletal muscular contractions of cerebral or brain stem origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A paroxysmal surge of electrical activity in the brain that may result in physical or behavioral changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Convulsion; a sudden, involuntary movement of the muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Sudden, involuntary skeletal muscular contractions of cerebral or brain stem origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"description":"Sudden, involuntary skeletal muscular contractions of cerebral or brain stem origin.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Sudden, involuntary skeletal muscular contractions of cerebral or brain stem origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Convulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Convulsion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Convulsion/Seizure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Seizure","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seizure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"termName":"Seizure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Seizure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Seizure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seizure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Seizure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Seizures","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Seizures","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"seizure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036572"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ACC/AHA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Seizure"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Seizure"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other convulsions"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Seizures"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Seizure"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0109"}]}}{"C71079":{"preferredName":"Herpes Zoster","code":"C71079","definitions":[{"description":"Varicella zoster virus infection that is caused by the reactivation of virus, which can be latent within dorsal root ganglia; zoster is characterized by vesicular lesions clustered unilaterally in a dermatomal distribution of one or more adjacent sensory nerves. Neuralgic pain can occur and can be severe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A common dermal and neurologic disorder caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus that has remained dormant within dorsal root ganglia, often for decades, after the patient's initial exposure to the virus in the form of varicella (chickenpox). It is characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Herpes Zoster","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Herpes Zoster","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Shingles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Shingles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shingles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Zoster","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Zoster","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019360"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Herpes_Zoster"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Zoster"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Shingles"}]}}{"C26883":{"preferredName":"Sjogren Syndrome","code":"C26883","definitions":[{"description":"An autoimmune disease that affects the tear glands and salivary glands, and may affect glands in the stomach, pancreas, and intestines. The disease causes dry eyes and mouth, and may cause dryness in the nose, throat, air passages, skin, and vagina. It may also cause inflammation in the joints, muscles, and skin; pneumonia; tingling in the fingers and toes; and fatigue. It often occurs with rheumatoid arthritis or other connective tissue diseases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Autoimmune epithelial inflammation often affecting the salivary and lacrimal glands (causing dry mouth and dry eyes) with potential extraglandular manifestations. In children, it most commonly presents with recurrent parotitis. It may occur alone (primary) or in association with another autoimmune disease (secondary).","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An autoimmune disorder affecting the salivary and lacrimal glands. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of lymphocytic and plasmacytic infiltrates which cause destruction of these glands. It results in dry mouth and dry eyes. It may be associated with the presence of other autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sjogren Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Sjogren Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sjogren Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Sjogren Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Sjogren syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Sjogren's Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sjogren's Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sjogren's Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Sjögren Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527336"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sjogren_s_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Sjogren Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sjogren's Syndrome"}]}}{"C26884":{"preferredName":"Sleep Apnea","code":"C26884","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by cessation of breathing for short periods during sleep.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A sleep disorder that is marked by pauses in breathing of 10 seconds or more during sleep, and causes unrestful sleep. Symptoms include loud or abnormal snoring, daytime sleepiness, irritability, and depression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The cessation of breathing for periods of time during sleep.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cessation of breathing for short periods during sleep. It is classified as obstructive, central, or mixed obstructive-central. It can occur at any age but it is more frequent in people over forty. Risk factors include male sex and obesity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sleep Apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sleep Apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Sleep apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Sleep apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"sleep apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037315"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sleep_Apnea"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Sleep Apnea"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sleep apnea"}]}}{"C17934":{"preferredName":"Tobacco Smoking","code":"C17934","definitions":[{"description":"The act of puffing and/or inhaling smoke from a lit cigarette, cigar, or pipe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Smoking","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Smoking","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoking","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tobacco Smoking","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tobacco Smoking","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0453996"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tobacco_Smoking"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Smoking"}]}}{"C122576":{"preferredName":"Staphylococcus Aureus Infection","code":"C122576","definitions":[{"description":"An infectious process in which the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus is present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An infectious process in which the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus is present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Staphylococcus Aureus Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Staphylococcus aureus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Staphylococcus aureus Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1318973"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Staphylococcus aureus Infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Staphylococcus aureus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Staphylococcus aureus infection"}]}}{"C36185":{"preferredName":"Steatosis","code":"C36185","definitions":[{"description":"Increased lipid within the cytoplasm of cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Acumulation of adipose tissue in intracytoplasmic or extracellular spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FATTY CHANGE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fatty Change","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Steatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Steatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0152254"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fatty_Change"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Steatosis"}]}}{"C3390":{"preferredName":"Cerebrovascular Accident","code":"C3390","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden loss of sensory function due to an intracranial vascular event.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A sudden loss of neurological function secondary to hemorrhage or ischemia in the brain parenchyma due to a vascular event.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"An acute episode of focal or global neurological dysfunction caused by presumed brain, spinal cord, or retinal vascular injury as a result of hemorrhage or infarction but with insufficient information to allow categorization as ischemic or hemorrhagic.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Brain tissue necrosis due to a disturbance in the blood flow or hemorrhage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"In medicine, a loss of blood flow to part of the brain, which damages brain tissue. Strokes are caused by blood clots and broken blood vessels in the brain. Symptoms include dizziness, numbness, weakness on one side of the body, and problems with talking, writing, or understanding language. The risk of stroke is increased by high blood pressure, older age, smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol, heart disease, atherosclerosis (a build-up of fatty material and plaque inside the coronary arteries), and a family history of stroke.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sudden loss of neurological function secondary to hemorrhage or ischemia in the brain parenchyma due to a vascular event.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CVA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebral Infarction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Accident","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Accident","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebrovascular Accident","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Stroke","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Stroke","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stroke","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Stroke","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stroke Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stroke/CVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"UNDETERMINED STROKE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"stroke","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038454"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cerebrovascular_Accident"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Cerebrovascular Accident"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cerebrovascular accident"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stroke"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0133"}]}}{"C35055":{"preferredName":"Syphilis","code":"C35055","definitions":[{"description":"An infection that is caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A contagious bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. It is a sexually transmitted disorder, although it can also be transmitted from the mother to the fetus in utero. Typically, it is initially manifested with a single sore which heals without treatment. If the infection is left untreated, the initial stage is followed by skin rash and mucous membrane lesions. A late stage follows, which is characterized by damage of the internal organs, including the nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Syphilis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Syphilis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Syphilis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syphilis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039128"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Syphilis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Syphilis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Syphilis"}]}}{"C50781":{"preferredName":"Transient Ischemic Attack","code":"C50781","definitions":[{"description":"A brief attack (from a few minutes to an hour) of cerebral dysfunction of vascular origin, with no persistent neurological deficit.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a brief attack (less than 24 hours) of cerebral dysfunction of vascular origin, with no persistent neurological deficit.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A transient episode of cerebral dysfunction of vascular origin with no persistent neurological deficit.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A brief attack (from a few minutes to an hour) of cerebral dysfunction of vascular origin, with no persistent neurological deficit.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TIA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transient Ischemic Attack","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Transient Ischemic Attack","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Transient Ischemic Attack","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Transient Ischemic Attack","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transient Ischemic Attack","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Transient Ischemic Attacks","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Transient ischemic attacks","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007787"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Transient_Ischemic_Attack"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Transient Ischemic Attacks"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transient Ischemic Attack"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transient ischemic attacks"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0137"}]}}{"C85197":{"preferredName":"Treponemal Infection","code":"C85197","definitions":[{"description":"A sexually transmitted infection caused by the Gram-negative spirochete Treponema pallidum. It is manifested as syphilis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Treponema pallidum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Treponemal Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040843"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Treponema pallidum"}]}}{"C3423":{"preferredName":"Tuberculosis","code":"C3423","definitions":[{"description":"A disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection that is characterized by the growth of nodules in body tissues, most commonly the lungs, and may be transmitted through droplets from the throat or lungs of individuals with the active respiratory disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A chronic, recurrent infection caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) may affect almost any tissue or organ of the body with the lungs being the most common site of infection. The clinical stages of TB are primary or initial infection, latent or dormant infection, and recrudescent or adult-type TB. Ninety to 95% of primary TB infections may go unrecognized. Histopathologically, tissue lesions consist of granulomas which usually undergo central caseation necrosis. Local symptoms of TB vary according to the part affected; acute symptoms include hectic fever, sweats, and emaciation; serious complications include granulomatous erosion of pulmonary bronchi associated with hemoptysis. If untreated, progressive TB may be associated with a high degree of mortality. This infection is frequently observed in immunocompromised individuals with AIDS or a history of illicit IV drug use.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Active Tuberculosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"TB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"TB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Tuberculosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Tuberculosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tuberculosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tuberculosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Tuberculosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Tuberculosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tuberculosis Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"tuberculosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0041296"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tuberculosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Tuberculosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tuberculosis"}]}}{"C3938":{"preferredName":"Turcot Syndrome","code":"C3938","definitions":[{"description":"An autosomal dominant hereditary neoplastic syndrome caused by mutations in the PMS2, MLH1, MSH2, or APC genes. There are two types described, type 1, characterized by the presence of glioblastoma and often associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma, and type 2, characterized by the presence of medulloblastoma and familiar adenomatous polyposis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Turcot Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Turcot Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Turcot Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0265325"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Turcot_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Turcot Syndrome"}]}}{"C98640":{"preferredName":"Tyrosinemia","code":"C98640","definitions":[{"description":"An autosomal recessive inherited metabolic disorder caused by mutations in the FAH, HPD, and TAT genes. It is characterized by deficiency of one of the enzymes that are involved in the metabolism of tyrosine. It results in elevated blood tyrosine levels and accumulation of tyrosine and its byproducts in the liver, kidney, nervous system and other organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tyrosinemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tyrosinemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0268483"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tyrosinemia"}]}}{"C2952":{"preferredName":"Ulcerative Colitis","code":"C2952","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic inflammatory disease affecting the mucosal surface of the colon and rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Chronic inflammation of the colon that produces ulcers in its lining. This condition is marked by abdominal pain, cramps, and loose discharges of pus, blood, and mucus from the bowel.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An inflammatory bowel disease involving the mucosal surface of the large intestine and rectum. It may present with an acute or slow onset and follows an intermittent or continuous course. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, weight loss, and intestinal hemorrhage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colitis Ulcerative","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Ulcerative Colitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Ulcerative Colitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ulcerative Colitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ulcerative Colitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Ulcerative Colitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"ulcerative colitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009324"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ulcerative_Colitis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Ulcerative Colitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ulcerative Colitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ulcerative colitis"}]}}{"C3718":{"preferredName":"Wilms Tumor-Aniridia-Genitourinary Anomalies-Mental Retardation Syndrome","code":"C3718","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, genetic disorder that is present at birth and has two or more of the following symptoms: Wilms tumor (a type of kidney cancer); little or no iris (the colored part of the eye); defects in the sexual organs and urinary tract (the organs that make urine and pass it from the body); and below average mental ability. This syndrome occurs when part of chromosome 11 is missing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A syndrome characterized by a predisposition for Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies, and developmental delay. This is a contiguous gene syndrome due to deletion in the vicinity of chromosome 11p13 in a region containing the WT1 and PAX6 genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A very rare congenital condition involving the complex of Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary abnormalities, and mental retardation. Wilms Tumor-Aniridia-Genitourinary Anomalies-Mental Retardation (WAGR) syndrome involves deletions of several adjacent genes in chromosome region 11p13. Two or more of the four conditions must be present for an individual to be diagnosed with WAGR Syndrome. The clinical picture varies, depending upon the combination of abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"11p Partial Monosomy Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"WAGR Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"WAGR Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"WAGR Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WAGR syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Wagr Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Wilms Tumor, Aniridia, Genitourinary Anomalies and Developmental Delay Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Wilms Tumor-Aniridia-Genitourinary Anomalies-Mental Retardation Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Wilms Tumor-Aniridia-Genitourinary Anomalies-Mental Retardation Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wilms Tumor-Aniridia-Genitourinary Anomalies-Mental Retardation Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Wilms tumor-aniridia-genitourinary anomalies-mental retardation syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206115"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Wilms_Tumor-Aniridia-Genitourinary_Anomalies-Mental_Retardation_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"WAGR Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wagr Syndrome"}]}}{"C165196":{"preferredName":"Biochemical Evidence of Disease","code":"C165196","definitions":[{"description":"An indication that biochemical markers of a disease are present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BED-Biochemical Evidence of Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Biochemical","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Biochemical Evidence of Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978408"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"BED-Biochemical Evidence of Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Biochemical"}]}}{"C165205":{"preferredName":"Persistent Distant Metastasis","code":"C165205","definitions":[{"description":"An indication that distant metastases have remained despite treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PDM-Persistent Distant Metastasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Persistent Distant Metastases","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Persistent Distant Metastasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978417"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"PDM-Persistent Distant Metastasis"}]}}{"C105722":{"preferredName":"ECOG Performance Status 0","code":"C105722","definitions":[{"description":"Fully active, able to carry on all pre-disease performance without restriction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"0: Asymptomatic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"ECOG 0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECOG Performance Status 0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3830346"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"0"}]}}{"C105723":{"preferredName":"ECOG Performance Status 1","code":"C105723","definitions":[{"description":"Restricted in physically strenuous activity but ambulatory and able to carry out work of a light or sedentary nature, e.g., light house work, office work.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"1: Symptomatic, but fully ambulatory","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"ECOG 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECOG Performance Status 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3830345"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"1"}]}}{"C105725":{"preferredName":"ECOG Performance Status 2","code":"C105725","definitions":[{"description":"Ambulatory and capable of all self care but unable to carry out any work activities. Up and about more than 50% of waking hours.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"2: Symptomatic, in bed less than 50% of day","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"ECOG 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECOG Performance Status 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3830344"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"2"}]}}{"C105726":{"preferredName":"ECOG Performance Status 3","code":"C105726","definitions":[{"description":"Capable of only limited selfcare, confined to bed or chair more than 50% of waking hours.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"3: Symptomatic, in bed more than 50% of day, but not bed-ridden","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"ECOG 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECOG Performance Status 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3830343"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"3"}]}}{"C105727":{"preferredName":"ECOG Performance Status 4","code":"C105727","definitions":[{"description":"Completely disabled. Cannot carry on any selfcare. Totally confined to bed or chair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"4: Bed-ridden","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"ECOG 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECOG Performance Status 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3830342"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"4"}]}}{"C105728":{"preferredName":"ECOG Performance Status 5","code":"C105728","definitions":[{"description":"Dead.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"ECOG 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ECOG Performance Status 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3830341"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"5"}]}}{"C14338":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus Type 16","code":"C14338","definitions":[{"description":"A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce skin and mucosal epithelial lesions. Human papillomavirus-16 (HPV16) has been directly linked to cervical cancer and is significantly associated with invasiveness. 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The abdominal wall tissue is composed of layers of fat, parietal peritoneum, fascia, and muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABDOMINAL WALL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Abdominal Wall","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Abdominal Wall","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal Wall","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Abdominal Wall","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0836916"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Abdominal_Wall"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Abdominal Wall"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0003697"}]}}{"C32042":{"preferredName":"Acetabulum","code":"C32042","definitions":[{"description":"Two cup shaped areas, one each on the lateral side of the lower pelvis that house the head of the femur to form the ball and socket joint of the hip. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Two cup shaped areas, one each on the lateral side of the lower pelvis that house the head of the femur to form the ball and socket joint of the hip.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACETABULUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acetabulum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acetabulum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acetabulum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Acetabulum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acetabulum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0000962"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acetabulum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acetabulum"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001269"}]}}{"C33318":{"preferredName":"Pharyngeal Tonsil","code":"C33318","definitions":[{"description":"A tonsil in the mucosa of the nasopharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A fold of lymphatic tissue covered by ciliated epithelium at the very back of the nose, in the roof of the nasopharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adenoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHARYNGEAL TONSIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pharyngeal Tonsil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharyngeal Tonsil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"TONSIL, PHARYNGEAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tonsil (Pharyngeal)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001428"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pharyngeal_Tonsil"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tonsil (Pharyngeal)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenoid"}]}}{"C12472":{"preferredName":"Adipose Tissue","code":"C12472","definitions":[{"description":"Connective tissue consisting primarily of adipocytes (fat cells) and supporting structural matrix.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A specialized form of connective tissue consisting primarily of adipocytes (fat cells), surrounded by a meshwork of collagen fibers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADIPOSE TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adipose","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Body Fat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Body Fat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fat Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Human Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001527"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adipose_Tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adipose"}]}}{"C89749":{"preferredName":"Alveolar Ridge","code":"C89749","definitions":[{"description":"The thickened bony structures in the mandible and maxilla that contain the sockets of the teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alveolar Margin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alveolar Ridge","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Alveolar Ridge","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alveolar Ridge","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Alveolar ridge","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0447411"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Alveolar Ridge"}]}}{"C13188":{"preferredName":"Amniotic Fluid","code":"C13188","definitions":[{"description":"The fluid within the amniotic cavity which surrounds and protects the developing embryo. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fluid within the amniotic cavity which surrounds and protects the developing embryo. It is initially produced by the amnion and then later by the lungs and kidneys. The amount at term normally varies from 500 to 2000 ml.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMNIOTIC FLUID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Amniotic Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Amniotic Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amniotic Fluid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Aqua Amnii","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Aqua Amnii","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FLUID, AMNIOTIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Human Amniotic Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Liquor Amnii","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Waters (Amniotic Fluid)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0002638"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Amniotic_Fluid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Amniotic Fluid"}]}}{"C13011":{"preferredName":"Ampulla of Vater","code":"C13011","definitions":[{"description":"An enlargement of the ducts from the liver and pancreas at the point where they enter the small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The junction of the common bile and main pancreatic ducts, which protrudes into the medial aspect of the descending duodenum at the major duodenal papilla. The flow of bile and pancreatic juices into the duodenum through the Ampulla of Vater is controlled by the sphincter of Oddi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ampulla","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ampulla Of Vater","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ampulla of Vater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ampulla of Vater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ampulla of Vater","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Hepatopancreatic Ampulla","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vater's Ampulla","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ampulla of Vater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042425"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ampulla_of_Vater"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ampulla Of Vater"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ampulla of Vater"}]}}{"C165177":{"preferredName":"Anal Sphincter","code":"C165177","definitions":[{"description":"The internal and external muscles surrounding the anus that maintain continence.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Sphincter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anal Sphincter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0002760"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal Sphincter"}]}}{"C32078":{"preferredName":"Ankle Joint","code":"C32078","definitions":[{"description":"A gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANKLE JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ankle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ankle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Ankle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ankle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ankle Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ankle Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ankle Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003087"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ankle_Joint"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ankle"}]}}{"C129464":{"preferredName":"Anorectal","code":"C129464","definitions":[{"description":"Pertaining to the anus and rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anorectal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anorectal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anorectum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL018341"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anorectum"}]}}{"C103238":{"preferredName":"Antecubital Fossa","code":"C103238","definitions":[{"description":"A triangular space on the anterior side of the elbow joint. Three main veins of the arm, the brachial artery, the medial nerve and the tendon of the biceps muscle pass through this space.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A triangular space on the anterior side of the elbow joint. Three main veins of the arm, the brachial artery, the medial nerve and the tendon of the biceps pass through this space.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANTECUBITAL FOSSA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Antecubital Fossa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Antecubital Fossa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cubital Fossa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elbow Pit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0446523"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Antecubital Fossa"}]}}{"C97102":{"preferredName":"Antrum","code":"C97102","definitions":[{"description":"A chamber formation in an organ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antrum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Antrum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antrum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1549092"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Antrum"}]}}{"C43362":{"preferredName":"Anus","code":"C43362","definitions":[{"description":"The distal orifice of the digestive tract located between the rectum and the external surface of the body, comprising glandular, transitional, and squamous epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The opening of the rectum to the outside of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The lower opening of the digestive tract, lying in the cleft between the buttocks, through which fecal matter is extruded.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Anal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anus, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"LARGE INTESTINE, ANUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"anal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"anus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003461"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anus, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anus"}]}}{"C12669":{"preferredName":"Aorta","code":"C12669","definitions":[{"description":"The largest artery in the body. It carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to vessels that reach the rest of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The major artery of the body; it arises from the left ventricle of the heart and terminally bifurcates into the common iliac arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The major arterial trunk that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle into the ascending aorta behind the heart, the aortic arch, through the thorax as the descending aorta and through the abdomen as the abdominal aorta; it bifurcates into the left and right common iliac arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AORTA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ARTERY, AORTA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Aorta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Aorta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aorta","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Aortic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"aorta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003483"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aorta"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aorta"}]}}{"C97112":{"preferredName":"Aortic Body","code":"C97112","definitions":[{"description":"A small mass that is located in the inferior surface of the aortic arch. It functions as a peripheral chemoreceptor and is composed of glomus cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aortic Body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Aortic Body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aortic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1510461"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aortic Body"}]}}{"C12380":{"preferredName":"Appendix","code":"C12380","definitions":[{"description":"A pouch-like tissue attached to the cecum, which may exist as a diverticulum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A small, fingerlike pouch that sticks out from the cecum (the first part of the large intestine near the end of the small intestine).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Small tissue projection existing as a cecal diverticulum with a questionable history of vestigial versus specialized organ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APPENDIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Appendix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Appendix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Appendix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"LARGE INTESTINE, APPENDIX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vermiform Appendix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"appendix","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003617"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vermiform_Appendix"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Appendix"}]}}{"C13190":{"preferredName":"Aqueous Humor","code":"C13190","definitions":[{"description":"The watery fluid which is present in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The watery fluid which is present in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AQUEOUS HUMOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Aqueous Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Aqueous Humor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aqueous Humor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Aqueous Humour","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"EYE, AQUEOUS HUMOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003662"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aqueous_Humor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aqueous Fluid"}]}}{"C32141":{"preferredName":"Arm","code":"C32141","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the upper extremity between the shoulder and the elbow.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the upper extremity between the shoulder and the elbow. For clinical purposes this term is also used to refer to the whole superior limb.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Arm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Arm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Arm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Brachium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Upper Arm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Upper Arm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0446516"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Arm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Arm"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0004250"}]}}{"C12372":{"preferredName":"Artery","code":"C12372","definitions":[{"description":"A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to tissues and organs in the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Arterial","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003842"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Artery"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Artery"}]}}{"C12265":{"preferredName":"Ascending Colon","code":"C12265","definitions":[{"description":"The first part of the colon (large intestine) that starts in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen and ends at the transverse colon in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The first part of the colon (large intestine) that starts in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen and ends at the transverse colon in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ascending Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ascending Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ascending Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ascending Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ascending colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"COLON, ASCENDING","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227375"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ascending_Colon"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ascending colon"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ascending Colon"}]}}{"C12266":{"preferredName":"Hepatic Flexure","code":"C12266","definitions":[{"description":"The bend at the junction of the ascending and transverse colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The bend of the colon at the juncture of its ascending and transverse portions.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ascending Colon Hepatic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"COLON, HEPATIC FLEXURE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatic Flexure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hepatic Flexure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Hepatic Flexure of Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Flexure of the Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic flexure of colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Right Colic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227385"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatic_Flexure"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ascending Colon Hepatic Flexure"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatic flexure of colon"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatic Flexure"}]}}{"C12498":{"preferredName":"External Acoustic Meatus","code":"C12498","definitions":[{"description":"A tubular structure that runs from the outer ear to the tympanic membrane.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A part of the ear canal that is external to the ear drum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Auditory Canal, External","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EAR CANAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ear Canal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"External Acoustic Meatus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013444"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"External_Acoustic_Meatus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ear Canal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Auditory Canal"}]}}{"C12673":{"preferredName":"Autonomic Nervous System","code":"C12673","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the nervous system that controls muscles of internal organs (such as the heart, blood vessels, lungs, stomach, and intestines) and glands (such as salivary glands and sweat glands). One part of the autonomic nervous system helps the body rest, relax, and digest food and another part helps a person fight or take flight in an emergency.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The part of the nervous system of vertebrates that controls involuntary actions of the smooth muscles and heart and glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Autonomic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autonomic Nervous System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Autonomic Nervous System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autonomic Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Autonomic nervous system, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"autonomic nervous system","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"involuntary nervous system","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004388"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Autonomic_Nervous_System"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Autonomic nervous system, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Autonomic Nervous System"}]}}{"C12674":{"preferredName":"Axilla","code":"C12674","definitions":[{"description":"The underarm or armpit.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The underside concavity where the arm and the shoulder are joined. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The underside concavity where the arm and the shoulder are joined.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXILLA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Armpit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Armpit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axilla","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Axilla","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axilla","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Axilla","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Axilla","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Underarm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"axilla","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4018906"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Axilla"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Axilla"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0009472"}]}}{"C13062":{"preferredName":"Back","code":"C13062","definitions":[{"description":"The dorsal area between the base of the neck and the sacrum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The dorsal area between the base of the neck and the sacrum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BACK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Back","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Back","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Back","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Back","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0817745"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Back"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Back"}]}}{"C12376":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct","code":"C12376","definitions":[{"description":"A tube through which bile passes in and out of the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any of the ducts conveying bile between the liver and the intestine, including hepatic, cystic, and common bile duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the ducts conveying bile between the liver and the intestine, including hepatic, cystic, and common bile duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BILE DUCT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bile Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bile Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"DUCT, BILE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"bile duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005400"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bile_Duct"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bile Duct"}]}}{"C12434":{"preferredName":"Blood","code":"C12434","definitions":[{"description":"A liquid tissue with the primary function of transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide. It supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tissue with red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and other substances suspended in fluid called plasma. Blood takes oxygen and nutrients to the tissues, and carries away wastes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A liquid tissue; its major function is to transport oxygen throughout the body. It also supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection. Several hormones also travel in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLOOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Blood","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Blood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Blood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Blood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Peripheral Blood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Reticuloendothelial System, Blood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Whole Blood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"blood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"peripheral blood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005767"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Blood"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Blood"}]}}{"C12679":{"preferredName":"Blood Vessel","code":"C12679","definitions":[{"description":"A tube through which the blood circulates in the body. Blood vessels include a network of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tubular structure through which the blood circulates in the body. Blood vessels constitute a network composed of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tubular structure through which the blood circulates in the body. Blood vessels constitute a network composed of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLOOD VESSEL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Blood Vessel","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Blood Vessel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Blood Vessel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blood Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Human Blood Vessel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"VESSEL, BLOOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vessel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"blood vessel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005847"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Blood_Vessel"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Blood Vessel"}]}}{"C12366":{"preferredName":"Bone","code":"C12366","definitions":[{"description":"Calcified connective tissue that forms the skeletal components of the body. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Connective tissue that forms the skeletal components of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Bone, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osseous","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0262950"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bone"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bone, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bone"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0002481"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001474"}]}}{"C12431":{"preferredName":"Bone Marrow","code":"C12431","definitions":[{"description":"The soft, sponge-like tissue in the center of most bones. It produces white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tissue occupying the spaces of some bones. It consists of blood vessel sinuses and a network of hematopoietic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The tissue occupying the spaces of bone. It consists of blood vessel sinuses and a network of hematopoietic cells which give rise to the red cells, white cells, and megakaryocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE MARROW","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bone Marrow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Bone Marrow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Bone Marrow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bone Marrow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone Marrow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Bone Marrow","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Reticuloendothelial System, Bone Marrow","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bone marrow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005953"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bone_Marrow"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bone marrow"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bone Marrow"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0002371"}]}}{"C12736":{"preferredName":"Intestine","code":"C12736","definitions":[{"description":"The long, tube-shaped organ in the abdomen that completes the process of digestion. The intestine has two parts, the small intestine and the large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the gastrointestinal tract that includes the small and large intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the gastrointestinal tract between the stomach and the anus. It includes the small intestine and large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bowel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTESTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intestinal tract, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Intestines","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bowel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021853"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intestine"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intestinal tract, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bowel"}]}}{"C12441":{"preferredName":"Brain Stem","code":"C12441","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the brain that connects the cerebral hemispheres with the spinal cord. It consists of the mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the brain that is connected to the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Three sections, the midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata, that are located at the base of the brain. The brain stem regulates the central nervous system, and is vital as a conduit for motor and sensory innervations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN STEM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"BRAIN, BRAIN STEM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brain Stem","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Brain Stem","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brain Stem","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brain Stem","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Brain stem","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Brainstem","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"brain stem","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006121"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Brain_Stem"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Brain stem"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Brain Stem"}]}}{"C12318":{"preferredName":"Broad Ligament","code":"C12318","definitions":[{"description":"A wide fold of peritoneum that connects the uterus to the lateral walls and floor of the pelvis, and contains the ovaries, fallopian tubes, ovarian ligaments, round ligament of the uterus, and ovarian and uterine arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Broad Ligament","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Broad Ligament","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Broad Ligament","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Broad ligament","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lateral Ligament","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006205"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Broad_Ligament"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Broad ligament"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Broad Ligament"}]}}{"C12684":{"preferredName":"Bronchiole","code":"C12684","definitions":[{"description":"A tiny branch of air tubes in the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The smallest subdivisions of the bronchial tree, which are both acartilagenous and aglandular.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bronchiole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bronchiole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchiole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Bronchioles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchiolus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bronchiole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006270"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bronchiole"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiole"}]}}{"C12683":{"preferredName":"Bronchus","code":"C12683","definitions":[{"description":"The large air passages that lead from the trachea (windpipe) to the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Tubular structure in continuation with the trachea, serving as an air passage.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Tubular structure in continuation with the trachea, serving as air passage. It terminates in the lung (terminal bronchiole).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRONCHUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bronchus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"bronchi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"bronchus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006255"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bronchus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchus"}]}}{"C32575":{"preferredName":"Eyebrow","code":"C32575","definitions":[{"description":"The arched strip of hair on the bony ridge above each eye socket.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eyebrow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eyebrow","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015420"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eyebrow"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Brow"}]}}{"C12421":{"preferredName":"Oral Cavity","code":"C12421","definitions":[{"description":"Refers to the mouth. It includes the lips, the lining inside the cheeks and lips, the front two thirds of the tongue, the upper and lower gums, the floor of the mouth under the tongue, the bony roof of the mouth, and the small area behind the wisdom teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The cavity of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The cavity located at the upper end of the alimentary canal, behind the teeth and gums that is bounded on the outside by the lips, above by the hard and soft palates and below by the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BODY CAVITY, ORAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Buccal Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Buccal Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buccal Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Buccal cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mouth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mouth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mouth, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"ORAL CAVITY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oral","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Oral Cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oral Cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Orally","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oral cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0226896"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Cavity"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Buccal Cavity"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mouth, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oral Cavity"}]}}{"C12505":{"preferredName":"Buccal Mucosa","code":"C12505","definitions":[{"description":"The inner lining of the cheeks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The mucosal membranes located on the inside of the cheek, in the buccal cavity. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The mucosal membranes located on the inside of the cheek, in the buccal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BUCCAL MUCOSA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Buccal Mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Buccal Mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buccal Mucosa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Buccal mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cheek mucosa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"MUCOSA, BUCCAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"buccal mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1578559"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Buccal_Mucosa"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cheek mucosa"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Buccal Mucosa"}]}}{"C89806":{"preferredName":"Buttock","code":"C89806","definitions":[{"description":"Either of the fleshy mounds in the rear pelvic area of the human body formed by the gluteal muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Either of the fleshy mounds in the rear pelvic area of the human body formed by the gluteal muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BUTTOCK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Buttock","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Buttock","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Buttock","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Buttock","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Buttock","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006497"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Buttock"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0013691"}]}}{"C93027":{"preferredName":"Calf","code":"C93027","definitions":[{"description":"The posterior aspect of the lower extremity that extends from the knee to the foot. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The posterior aspect of the lower extremity that extends from the knee to the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CALF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Calf","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Calf","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calf","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0230445"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Calf"}]}}{"C12685":{"preferredName":"Capillary","code":"C12685","definitions":[{"description":"A tiny vessel that can be either a blood capillary or a lymphatic capillary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Capillary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Capillary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Capillary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0935624"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Capillary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Capillary"}]}}{"C12256":{"preferredName":"Gastric Cardia","code":"C12256","definitions":[{"description":"The region of the stomach adjacent to the esophogastric junction.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The area around the esophagogastric mucosal junction where the esophageal mucosa transitions into the gastric mucosa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cardia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardia of the Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardia, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"GASTRIC CARDIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gastric Cardia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric Cardia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"STOMACH, CARDIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007144"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cardia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cardia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cardia"}]}}{"C25264":{"preferredName":"Carina","code":"C25264","definitions":[{"description":"A ridge at the base of the trachea (windpipe) that separates the openings of the right and left main bronchi (the large air passages that lead from the trachea to the lungs)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A ridge at the bifurcation of the trachea where the primary bronchi meet.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A ridge or ridge-like structure. In humans it usually refers to the trachea. The carina of trachea is part of the lowest tracheal cartilage which is placed between the orifices of the two bronchi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARINA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Carina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Carina, Tracheal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"carina of trachea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"tracheal carina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225594"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carina"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carina"}]}}{"C12687":{"preferredName":"Carotid Artery","code":"C12687","definitions":[{"description":"A major artery that carries blood from the heart to the head. There is a carotid artery on each side of the neck, and each one splits into two branches. The interior branch carries blood to the brain and eyes, and the exterior branch carries blood to the face, tongue, and outside parts of the head.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An artery of the mediastinum and neck; in general it arises as a primary or secondary branch of the aortic arch and branches into the internal and external carotid arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The artery of the neck that arises from the aortic arch and terminates in the external and internal carotid arteries whose pulse can be palpated just medial to the sternocleidomastoid muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"description":"One of two arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the head and neck; the left common carotid branches from the aorta and the right common carotid from the innominate (brachiocephalic artery).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY, CAROTID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CAROTID ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carotid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"termName":"Carotid Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Carotid Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carotid Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Common Carotid Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"carotid artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007272"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ACC/AHA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carotid_Artery"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carotid Artery"}]}}{"C66852":{"preferredName":"Carotid Body","code":"C66852","definitions":[{"description":"A cluster of cells that function as chemo-receptors, located near the bifurcation of the carotid artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A cluster of cells that function as chemo-receptors, located at the bifurcation of the carotid artery. Its main purpose is to detect changes in the composition of arterial blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAROTID BODY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carotid Body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carotid Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Carotid body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007277"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carotid_Body"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carotid body"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carotid Body"}]}}{"C12373":{"preferredName":"Cartilage","code":"C12373","definitions":[{"description":"A tough, flexible tissue that lines joints and gives structure to the nose, ears, larynx, and other parts of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A type of connective tissue composed of chondrocytes and an extracellular matrix, composed of collagen, elastin, and ground substance. There are three types of cartilage; namely elastic, hyaline, and fibrocartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cartilage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cartilagenous","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007301"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cartilage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cartilage"}]}}{"C12381":{"preferredName":"Cecum","code":"C12381","definitions":[{"description":"A pouch that forms the first part of the large intestine. It connects the small intestine to the colon, which is part of the large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The pouch-like portion of the proximal large intestine opening into the colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A blind pouch-like commencement of the colon in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen at the end of the small intestine and the start of the large intestine.","attr":"from On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CECUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cecal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cecum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cecum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cecum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"LARGE INTESTINE, CECUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"cecum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007531"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cecum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cecum"}]}}{"C16403":{"preferredName":"Cell Line","code":"C16403","definitions":[{"description":"An established cell culture that has the potential to propagate indefinitely. [Source: ] EXAMPLE(S): human HeLa cells, mouse fibroblast 3T3 cells OTHER NAME(S): NOTE(S):","attr":null,"defSource":"BRIDG 5.3"},{"description":"Cells of a single type (human, animal, or plant) that have been adapted to grow continuously in the laboratory and are used in research.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A permanently established cell culture that will proliferate indefinitely given appropriate fresh medium and space.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cell Line","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cell Line","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cell Lines","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cell-Line","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CellLine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"BRIDG 5.3"},{"termName":"cultured cell line","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cultured cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007600"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"BRIDG"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cell_Line"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cell Lines"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cell-Line"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"50"}]}}{"C12438":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System","code":"C12438","definitions":[{"description":"The brain and spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The part of the nervous system that consists of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the nervous system that consists of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CNS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Nervous System, CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"central nervous system","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3714787"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Central_Nervous_System"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Central Nervous System"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001017"}]}}{"C12445":{"preferredName":"Cerebellum","code":"C12445","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the brain stem. The cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing, and other complex motor functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the brain that extends from the brainstem through the cerebellar folia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the brain located at the base of the skull that is responsible for balance, equilibrium and movement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, CEREBELLUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CEREBELLUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cerebellar","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebellum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cerebellum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebellum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cerebellum, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"cerebellum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007765"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cerebellum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cerebellum, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cerebellum"}]}}{"C12443":{"preferredName":"Cerebral Cortex","code":"C12443","definitions":[{"description":"The outer layer of the cerebrum composed of neurons and unmyelinated nerve fibers. It is responsible for memory, attention, consciousness and other higher levels of mental function.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The outer layer of the cerebrum composed of neurons and unmyelinated nerve fibers. It is responsible for memory, attention, consciousness and other higher levels of mental function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEREBRAL CORTEX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cerebral Cortex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cerebral Cortex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cerebral Cortex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebral Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cerebral Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortical","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007776"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cortex"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cerebral Cortex"}]}}{"C12692":{"preferredName":"Cerebrospinal Fluid","code":"C12692","definitions":[{"description":"The fluid that flows in and around the hollow spaces of the brain and spinal cord, and between two of the meninges (the thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord). CSF is made by tissue called the choroid plexus in the ventricles (hollow spaces) in the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The fluid that is contained within the brain ventricles, the subarachnoid space and the central canal of the spinal cord. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fluid that is contained within the brain ventricles, the subarachnoid space and the central canal of the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEREBROSPINAL FLUID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CSF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CSF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CSF","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"CSF","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cerebral Spinal Fluid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebrospinal Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cerebrospinal Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebrospinal Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Cerebrospinal Fluid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"FLUID, CEREBROSPINAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"cerebrospinal fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007806"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cerebrospinal_Fluid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cerebrospinal Fluid"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001359"}]}}{"C12351":{"preferredName":"Cerebral Hemisphere","code":"C12351","definitions":[{"description":"The largest part of the brain. It is divided into two hemispheres, or halves, called the cerebral hemispheres. Areas within the cerebrum control muscle functions and also control speech, thought, emotions, reading, writing, and learning.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the brain comprising the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes and extending through the thalamus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the brain that controls muscle functions and also controls speech, thought, emotions, reading, writing, and learning. The right hemisphere controls the muscles on the left side of the body, and the left hemisphere controls the muscles on the right side of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, CEREBRUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brain Hemisphere","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEREBRUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cerebral","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebral Hemisphere","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebral Hemisphere","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cerebral Hemispheres","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebrum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cerebrum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cerebral hemisphere","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cerebrum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0228174"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cerebral_Hemisphere"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cerebrum"}]}}{"C69313":{"preferredName":"Cervical Spine","code":"C69313","definitions":[{"description":"The vertebrae located above the thoracic vertebrae.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Those vertebrae immediately behind (caudal to) the skull, C1-C7 in man.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CERVICAL SPINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cervical Spine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cervical Spine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0728985"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cervical_Spine"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cervical Spine"}]}}{"C25389":{"preferredName":"Chest","code":"C25389","definitions":[{"description":"The anterior side of the thorax from the neck to the abdomen. The shape of the chest is often regarded as potential insight into a disease process, as in the case of barrel chest and respiratory dysfunction. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The anterior side of the thorax from the neck to the abdomen. The shape of the chest is often regarded as potential insight into a disease process, as in the case of barrel chest and respiratory dysfunction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHEST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chest","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Chest","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chest","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chest","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Chest","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chest","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527391"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chest"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chest"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001443"}]}}{"C62484":{"preferredName":"Chest Wall","code":"C62484","definitions":[{"description":"The muscles, bones, and joints that make up the area of the body between the neck and the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The total system of structures outside the lungs that move as a part of breathing; it includes all structures from the skin to the parietal pleura. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The total system of structures outside the lungs that move as a part of breathing; it includes all structures from the skin to the parietal pleura.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHEST WALL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chest Wall","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chest Wall","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chest Wall","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Chest Wall","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chest Wall","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"THORACIC WALL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thoracic Wall","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chest wall","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205076"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chest_Wall"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chest Wall"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0016435"}]}}{"C81169":{"preferredName":"Mentum","code":"C81169","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the face below the lower lip and including the protruding part of the lower jaw.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the face below the lower lip and including the protruding part of the lower jaw.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mentum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mentum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008114"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mentum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chin"}]}}{"C12695":{"preferredName":"Clavicle","code":"C12695","definitions":[{"description":"One of a pair of bones at the base of the front of the neck. The clavicles connect the breastbone to the shoulder blades.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The paired bone that is situated between the sternum and the shoulder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of a pair of bones linking the scapula and the sternum. The clavicle is part of the pectoral girdle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, CLAVICLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CLAVICLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Clavicle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Clavicle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clavicle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Clavicle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Collar Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"clavicle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"collarbone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008913"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clavicle"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clavicle"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001105"}]}}{"C12308":{"preferredName":"Clitoris","code":"C12308","definitions":[{"description":"The erectile tissue in the vulva. It is composed of the corpora cavernosa and the glans clitoris.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The erectile tissue in the vulva. It is composed of the corpora cavernosa and the glans clitoris.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CLITORIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Clitoris","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Clitoris","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clitoris","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008984"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clitoris"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clitoris"}]}}{"C164003":{"preferredName":"Colonic Mucosa","code":"C164003","definitions":[{"description":"The mucus membrane lining the inner surface of the colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colonic Mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227349"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Colon - Mucosa Only"}]}}{"C12698":{"preferredName":"Common Bile Duct","code":"C12698","definitions":[{"description":"A duct that conveys bile from the convergence of the cystic and hepatic duct to the duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tube that carries bile from the liver and the gallbladder through the pancreas and into the duodenum (the upper part of the small intestine). It is formed where the ducts from the liver and gallbladder are joined. It is part of the biliary duct system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Bile ducts are passageways that carry bile. Two major bile ducts come together into a \"trunk\"-the common bile duct which empties into the upper part of the small intestine (the part next to the stomach).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Common Bile Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Common Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Common Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"DUCT, COMMON BILE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ductus Communis Choledochus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"common bile duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009437"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Common_Bile_Duct"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Common Duct"}]}}{"C12341":{"preferredName":"Conjunctiva","code":"C12341","definitions":[{"description":"A thin tissue divided into the palpebral conjunctiva (covering the inner side of the eye lid) and the bulbar conjunctiva (covering the eyeball). (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A thin, transparent tissue divided into the palpebral conjunctiva (covering the inner side of the eye lid) and the bulbar conjunctiva (covering the eyeball).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CONJUNCTIVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Conjunctiva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Conjunctiva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Conjunctiva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conjunctiva","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"conjunctiva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009758"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Conjunctiva"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Conjunctiva"}]}}{"C12374":{"preferredName":"Connective Tissue","code":"C12374","definitions":[{"description":"Supporting tissue that surrounds other tissues and organs. Specialized connective tissue includes bone, cartilage, blood, and fat.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Supporting tissue that surrounds other tissues and organs. Specialized connective tissue includes bone, cartilage, blood, and fat.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The supporting or framework tissue of the body, formed of fibrous and ground substance with a variety of cell types. The varieties of connective tissue are: areolar or loose; adipose; dense, regular or irregular, white fibrous; elastic; mucous; lymphoid tissue; cartilage; bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The supporting or framework tissue of the animal body, formed of fibrous and ground substance with more or less numerous cells of various kinds; it is derived from the mesenchyme, and this in turn from the mesoderm; the varieties of connective tissue are: areolar or loose; adipose; dense, regular or irregular, white fibrous; elastic; mucous; and lymphoid tissue; cartilage; and bone; the blood and lymph may be regarded as connective tissues the ground substance of which is a liquid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CONNECTIVE TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Connective Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"connective tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009780"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Connective_Tissue"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Connective Tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Connective Tissue"}]}}{"C25478":{"preferredName":"Dermal","code":"C25478","definitions":[{"description":"Of or relating to or located in the dermis. When used in the context of clinical observations, dermal may also include findings related to other components of the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Of or relating to or located in the dermis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DERMAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dermal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Dermal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0221928"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dermal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dermal"}]}}{"C12268":{"preferredName":"Descending Colon","code":"C12268","definitions":[{"description":"The fourth portion of the large intestine (colon) that communicates with the transverse colon in the left-upper quadrant of the abdomen and the rectum below. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fourth portion of the large intestine (colon) that communicates with the transverse colon in the left-upper quadrant of the abdomen and the rectum below.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COLON, DESCENDING","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Descending Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Descending Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Descending Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Descending Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Descending colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227389"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Descending_Colon"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Descending colon"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Descending Colon"}]}}{"C12702":{"preferredName":"Diaphragm","code":"C12702","definitions":[{"description":"A musculotendinous sheet separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The thin muscle below the lungs and heart that separates the chest from the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Fibromuscular tissue that separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity. It increases the volume of the thoracic cavity through contractions, thus facilitating respiration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIAPHRAGM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Diaphragm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Diaphragm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diaphragm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, DIAPHRAGM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"diaphragm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011980"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diaphragm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diaphragm"}]}}{"C12263":{"preferredName":"Duodenum","code":"C12263","definitions":[{"description":"The first part of the small intestine that connects to the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the small intestine between the stomach and jejunum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A jointed tube 25-30 cm long that connects the stomach to the jejunum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DUODENUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Duodenum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Duodenum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duodenum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"SMALL INTESTINE, DUODENUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"duodenum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013303"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Duodenum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Duodenum"}]}}{"C12394":{"preferredName":"Ear","code":"C12394","definitions":[{"description":"A sensory organ that contains auditory and vestibular apparatuses.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sense organ needed for the detection of sound and for establishing balance. The outer ear consists of the auricle, the ear canal as well as the tympanic membrane. The middle ear is made up of an air-filled cavity behind the tympanic membrane that contains the ossicles (malleus, incus and stapes). The inner ear is made up of the cochlea needed for hearing and the vestibular apparatus required for balance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ear","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013443"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ear"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ear"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E09"}]}}{"C12292":{"preferredName":"External Ear","code":"C12292","definitions":[{"description":"The external part of the ear. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The external part of the ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Auricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Auricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EAR, OUTER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ear, External","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Ear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Ear","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"External Ear","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"External ear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"PINNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pinna","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013453"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"External_Ear"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"External ear"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ear, Pinna (External)"}]}}{"C3003":{"preferredName":"Effusion","code":"C3003","definitions":[{"description":"A collection of fluid in a body cavity, which may be the result of a non-neoplastic disorder (e.g. heart failure) or a tumor (e.g. carcinoma of the lung).","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Abnormal collection of fluid in a body cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An abnormal collection of fluid in hollow spaces or between tissues of the body. For example, a pleural effusion is a collection of fluid between the two layers of membrane covering the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A collection of fluid in a body cavity, which may be the result of a non-neoplastic disorder (e.g. heart failure) or a tumor (e.g. carcinoma of the lung).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EFFUSION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Effusion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013687"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Effusion"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Effusion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Effusion"}]}}{"C32497":{"preferredName":"Elbow Joint","code":"C32497","definitions":[{"description":"A joint involving the humerus, radius and ulna bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of hinge joint located between the forearm and upper arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ELBOW JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Elbow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Elbow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Elbow","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Elbow","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elbow Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elbow Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Elbow Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"JOINT, ELBOW","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013770"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Elbow_Joint"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Elbow"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001461"}]}}{"C12704":{"preferredName":"Endocrine Gland","code":"C12704","definitions":[{"description":"Ductless glands that secrete substances which are released directly into the circulation and which influence metabolism and other body functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endocrine Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Endocrine Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endocrine Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Endocrine Organs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endocrine gland, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014133"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Endocrine_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endocrine gland, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endocrine Gland"}]}}{"C12328":{"preferredName":"Epididymis","code":"C12328","definitions":[{"description":"A crescent-like structure located adjacent to the testis. It consists of a single highly coiled duct and is divided into 3 regions: caput (head), corpus (body) and cauda (tail).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A narrow, tightly-coiled tube that is attached to each of the testicles (the male sex glands that produce sperm). Sperm cells (male reproductive cells) move from the testicles into the epididymis, where they finish maturing and are stored.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A crescent-like structure located in the upper and posterior surfaces of the testis. It consists of the efferent ductules and the duct of the epididymis. It facilitates the maturation of sperm that is produced in the testis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPIDIDYMIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epididymal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epididymis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Epididymis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epididymis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"epididymis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014533"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epididymis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epididymis"}]}}{"C41449":{"preferredName":"Epidural Spinal Canal Space","code":"C41449","definitions":[{"description":"Having to do with the space between the wall of the spinal canal and the covering of the spinal cord. An epidural injection is given into this space.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The body space between the dura mater and the walls of the vertebral canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Space between the dura mater and the walls of the vertebral canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPIDURAL SPACE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidural","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Epidural Space","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Epidural Space","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidural Spinal Canal Space","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidural Spinal Canal Space","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"epidural","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014537"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epidural_Spinal_Canal_Space"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epidural Space"}]}}{"C12255":{"preferredName":"Lower Third of the Esophagus","code":"C12255","definitions":[{"description":"The lower one third of the esophagus in which the muscle layer is composed of muscle cells predominantly of the smooth type. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower one third of the esophagus in which the muscle layer is composed of muscle cells predominantly of the smooth type.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESOPHAGUS, LOWER THIRD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Esophageal; Distal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lower Third","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lower Third of Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower Third of the Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower Third of the Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lower third of esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227191"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lower_Third_of_the_Esophagus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lower third of esophagus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Esophageal; Distal"}]}}{"C12254":{"preferredName":"Middle Third of the Esophagus","code":"C12254","definitions":[{"description":"The middle one third of the esophagus in which the muscle layer is composed of muscle cells of the striated and smooth types.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The middle one third of the esophagus in which the muscle layer is composed of muscle cells of the striated and smooth types.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESOPHAGUS, MIDDLE THIRD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Esophageal; Mid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Middle Third","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Middle Third of Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Third of the Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Third of the Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Middle third of esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227189"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Middle_Third_of_the_Esophagus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Middle third of esophagus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Esophageal; Mid"}]}}{"C12253":{"preferredName":"Upper Third of the Esophagus","code":"C12253","definitions":[{"description":"The upper one third of esophagus in which the muscle layer is composed of muscle cells of the striated type. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper one third of esophagus in which the muscle layer is composed of muscle cells of the striated type.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESOPHAGUS, UPPER THIRD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Esophageal; Proximal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Upper Third","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Upper Third of Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper Third of the Esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper Third of the Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Upper third of esophagus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227187"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Upper_Third_of_the_Esophagus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Upper third of esophagus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Esophageal; Proximal"}]}}{"C32668":{"preferredName":"Gastroesophageal Junction","code":"C32668","definitions":[{"description":"The anatomical location where the esophagus joins to the stomach. 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It is composed of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophagus - mucosa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227176"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Esophageal_Mucosa"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Esophagus - Mucosa Only"}]}}{"C12401":{"preferredName":"Eye","code":"C12401","definitions":[{"description":"Having to do with the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The sensory organ of vision.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The organ of sight or vision.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EYE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eye","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Eye","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eye","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Eye, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Eyeball","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eyeball","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ocular","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ophthalmic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Optic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ophthalmic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015392"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eye"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eye, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eye"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E08"}]}}{"C12403":{"preferredName":"Fallopian Tube","code":"C12403","definitions":[{"description":"A slender tube through which eggs pass from an ovary to the uterus. In the female reproductive tract, there is one ovary and one fallopian tube on each side of the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tube through which eggs pass from an ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of a pair of tubes that extend from the uterus to each of the ovaries. Following ovulation the egg travels down the fallopian tube to the uterus where fertilization may or may not occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FALLOPIAN TUBE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fallopian Tube","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fallopian Tube","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fallopian Tube","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fallopian Tube","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Fallopian Tubes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fallopian tube","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"OVIDUCT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oviduct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fallopian tube","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015560"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fallopian_Tube"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fallopian tube"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fallopian Tube"}]}}{"C12715":{"preferredName":"Femoral Artery","code":"C12715","definitions":[{"description":"An artery of the thigh; in general it arises from the external iliac artery distal to the inguinal ligment and continues as the popliteal artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The artery of the groin that supplies the lower extremity, including the anterior and anteromedial surfaces of the thigh, whose pulse is palpable below the inguinal ligament, midway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the symphysis pubis.","attr":null,"defSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"description":"An artery that starts within the inguinal region and extends to the lower extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY, FEMORAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FEMORAL ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Femoral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"termName":"Femoral Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Femoral Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015801"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ACC/AHA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Femoral_Artery"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Femoral Artery"}]}}{"C12716":{"preferredName":"Femoral Vein","code":"C12716","definitions":[{"description":"A vein of the thigh; in general it arises from the popliteal vein and drains into the external iliac vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A vein that starts within the inguinal region and extends to the lower extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FEMORAL VEIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Femoral Vein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Femoral Vein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Femoral Vein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"VEIN, FEMORAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015809"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Femoral_Vein"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Femoral Vein"}]}}{"C12717":{"preferredName":"Femur","code":"C12717","definitions":[{"description":"The bone positioned between the pelvis and the femorotibial joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper leg bone positioned between the pelvis and the knee.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, FEMUR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bone, Femoral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FEMUR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Femoral","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Femur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Femur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Femur","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Femur","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015811"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Femur"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Femur"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000981"}]}}{"C12482":{"preferredName":"Fibroblast","code":"C12482","definitions":[{"description":"A connective tissue cell that makes and secretes collagen proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroblast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroblasts","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibroblasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fibroblast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016030"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibroblast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibroblasts"}]}}{"C12718":{"preferredName":"Fibula","code":"C12718","definitions":[{"description":"The long bone that is lateral to the tibia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The small, lateral calf bone extending from the knee to the ankle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, FIBULA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FIBULA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Fibula","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016068"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibula"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibula"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001446"}]}}{"C32608":{"preferredName":"Finger","code":"C32608","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the digits of the hand. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the digits of the hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FINGER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Finger","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Finger","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Finger","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016129"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Finger"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Finger"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0002389"}]}}{"C25278":{"preferredName":"Fluid","code":"C25278","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that flows smoothly and takes the shape of its container. Liquids and gases are fluids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A continuous amorphous substance that tends to flow and to conform to the outline of its container (i.e., a liquid or a gas). Also used as an adjective to describe something with properties like that of a fluid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704353"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fluid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fluid"}]}}{"C32622":{"preferredName":"Foot","code":"C32622","definitions":[{"description":"The entire structure distal to the ankle joint/tarsus, which includes the metatarsus and digit(s).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The structure found below the ankle joint required for locomotion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FOOT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Foot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Foot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Foot","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Foot","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pedal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016504"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Foot"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Foot"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0002387"}]}}{"C32628":{"preferredName":"Forearm","code":"C32628","definitions":[{"description":"The structure on the upper limb, between the elbow and the wrist. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The structure on the upper limb, between the elbow and the wrist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FOREARM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Forearm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Forearm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Forearm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Forearm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Forearm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016536"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Forearm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Forearm"}]}}{"C89803":{"preferredName":"Forehead","code":"C89803","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the face between the eyebrows and the normal hairline.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the face between the eyebrows and the normal hairline.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FOREHEAD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Forehead","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Forehead","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Forehead","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Forehead","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016540"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Forehead"}]}}{"C33049":{"preferredName":"Male Prepuce","code":"C33049","definitions":[{"description":"The loose skin that covers the head of the penis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fold of skin covering the tip of the penis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Foreskin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Foreskin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Male Prepuce","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Male Prepuce","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Preputium Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"foreskin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227952"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Male_Prepuce"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Foreskin"}]}}{"C12352":{"preferredName":"Frontal Lobe","code":"C12352","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the brain located anterior to the parietal lobes at the front of each cerebral hemisphere. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the brain located anterior to the parietal lobes at the front of each cerebral hemisphere.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FRONTAL LOBE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Frontal Lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Frontal Lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Frontal Lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Frontal Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Frontal Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Frontal lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016733"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Frontal_Lobe"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Frontal Cortex"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Frontal lobe"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Frontal Lobe"}]}}{"C12257":{"preferredName":"Fundus of the Stomach","code":"C12257","definitions":[{"description":"The blind sac region of the glandular stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the stomach that lies above the cardiac notch. It allows for the accumulation of gases produced by chemical digestion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FUNDUS OF THE STOMACH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fundus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Fundus Of Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fundus of Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fundus of stomach","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fundus of the Stomach","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STOMACH, FUNDUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017129"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fundus_of_the_Stomach"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fundus Of Stomach"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fundus of stomach"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fundus of Stomach"}]}}{"C12719":{"preferredName":"Ganglion","code":"C12719","definitions":[{"description":"A cluster of nervous tissue principally composed of neuronal cell bodies external to the central nervous system (CNS). (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"is a macroscopic organ component of one or more nerves, which primarily consists of cell bodies of neurons located outside the central nervous system; together with nerve fibers, it constitutes a nerve or a nerve plexus. Example(s): spinal ganglion, trigeminal ganglion, superior cervical ganglion, celiac ganglion, inferior hypogastric (pelvic) ganglion.","attr":null,"defSource":"UWDA142"},{"description":"A cluster of nervous tissue principally composed of neuronal cell bodies external to the central nervous system (CNS).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GANGLION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ganglia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ganglia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ganglia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganglion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ganglionic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neural Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neural Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017067"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ganglion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ganglia"}]}}{"C34082":{"preferredName":"Gastrointestinal Tract","code":"C34082","definitions":[{"description":"The upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract is comprised of mouth, pharynx, esophagus and stomach while the lower GI tract consists of intestines and anus. The primary function of the GI tract is to ingest, digest, absorb and ultimately excrete food stuff. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract is comprised of mouth, pharynx, esophagus and stomach while the lower GI tract consists of intestines and anus. The primary function of the GI tract is to ingest, digest, absorb and ultimately excrete food stuff.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alimentary Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Digestive Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal tract, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gut","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"digestive tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"gastrointestinal tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017189"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gastrointestinal_Tract"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastrointestinal tract, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastrointestinal Tract"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001555"}]}}{"C12724":{"preferredName":"Glottis","code":"C12724","definitions":[{"description":"The middle part of the larynx; the area where the vocal cords are located.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The space in which the vocal cords are located. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The space in which the vocal cords are located.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLOTTIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Glottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Glottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glottis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"glottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017681"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glottis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glottis"}]}}{"C12726":{"preferredName":"Inguinal Region","code":"C12726","definitions":[{"description":"The area where the thigh meets the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The lower region of the anterior abdominal wall located laterally to the pubic region. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower region of the anterior abdominal wall located laterally to the pubic region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Groin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Groin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Groin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INGUINAL REGION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inguinal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inguinal Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inguinal Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"groin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018246"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inguinal_Region"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Groin"}]}}{"C32712":{"preferredName":"Hand","code":"C32712","definitions":[{"description":"The distal portion of the upper extremity. It consists of the carpus, metacarpus, and digits. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The distal portion of the upper extremity. It consists of the carpus, metacarpus, and digits.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hand","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hand","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Hand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018563"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hand"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hand"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0002398"}]}}{"C12230":{"preferredName":"Hard Palate","code":"C12230","definitions":[{"description":"The front, bony part of the roof of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The part of the roof of the mouth supported by bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The bony anterior part of the roof of the mouth separating the nose from the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HARD PALATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hard Palate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hard Palate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hard Palate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Hard palate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hard palate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"PALATE, HARD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"hard palate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0226901"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hard_Palate"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hard palate"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hard Palate"}]}}{"C12418":{"preferredName":"Head and Neck","code":"C12418","definitions":[{"description":"The area of the body comprising the skull, facial bones and the cervical vertebrae, sinuses, orbits, salivary glands, oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, thyroid, facial and neck musculature, soft tissue and lymph nodes draining these areas.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"For oncology, an area of the body generally construed to comprise the base of skull and facial bones, sinuses, orbits, salivary glands, oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, thyroid, facial and neck musculature and lymph nodes draining these areas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H and N","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEAD AND NECK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Head & Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Head and Neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Head and Neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Head and Neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Head and Neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Head and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0460004"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Head_and_Neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Head & Neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Head and Neck"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000033"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000974"}]}}{"C12727":{"preferredName":"Heart","code":"C12727","definitions":[{"description":"A hollow muscular organ which receives the blood from the veins and pumps it into the arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A hollow organ located slightly to the left of the middle portion of the chest. It is composed of muscle and it is divided by a septum into two sides: the right side which receives de-oxygenated blood from the body and the left side which sends newly oxygenated blood to the body. Each side is composed of two chambers: the atrium (receiving blood) and ventricle (ejecting blood).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardiac","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEART","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Heart","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Heart","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heart","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018787"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Heart"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Heart"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E06"}]}}{"C13308":{"preferredName":"Hepatic","code":"C13308","definitions":[{"description":"Refers to the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Pertaining to, affecting, or associated with the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hepatic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"hepatic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205054"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatic"}]}}{"C32730":{"preferredName":"Hepatic Duct","code":"C32730","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the three ducts associated with the liver including the right hepatic duct, left hepatic duct and common hepatic duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatic Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hepatic Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0917710"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatic_Duct"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatic Duct"}]}}{"C32736":{"preferredName":"Hepatic Vein","code":"C32736","definitions":[{"description":"The blood vessels that drain blood from the central veins of the liver into the inferior vena cava.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The blood vessels that drain blood from the central veins of the liver into the inferior vena cava.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HEPATIC VEIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatic Vein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hepatic Vein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019155"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatic_Vein"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatic Vein"}]}}{"C64193":{"preferredName":"Hip","code":"C64193","definitions":[{"description":"The lateral prominence of the pelvis from the waist to the thigh. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lateral prominence of the pelvis from the waist to the thigh.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HIP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Hip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019552"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hip"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001464"}]}}{"C12444":{"preferredName":"Hippocampus","code":"C12444","definitions":[{"description":"A curved gray matter structure of the cerebrum that is part of the limbic system.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A curved gray matter structure of the temporal lobe lying on the floor of the lateral ventricle of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, HIPPOCAMPUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HIPPOCAMPUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hippocampal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hippocampus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hippocampus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554606"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hippocampus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hippocampus"}]}}{"C12731":{"preferredName":"Humerus","code":"C12731","definitions":[{"description":"The bone between the scapulohumeral and humeroulnar joints.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper arm bone between the shoulder and elbow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, HUMERUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bone, Humeral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HUMERUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Humerus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Humerus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Humerus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Humerus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020164"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Humerus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Humerus"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000976"}]}}{"C12387":{"preferredName":"Ileum","code":"C12387","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the small intestine between the jejunum and large intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"excludes ileocecal valve C18.0","attr":null,"defSource":"ICDO3"},{"description":"The final section of the small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ILEUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ileum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ileum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ileum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"SMALL INTESTINE, ILEUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020885"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ileum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ileum"}]}}{"C32765":{"preferredName":"Ilium","code":"C32765","definitions":[{"description":"The broad, dorsal, upper, and widest of the three principal bones composing either half of the pelvis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The broad, dorsal, upper, and widest of the three principal bones composing either half of the pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, ILIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ILIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Iliac","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ilium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ilium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ilium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Ilium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ilium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020889"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ilium"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ilium"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001273"}]}}{"C52835":{"preferredName":"Hand Digit 2","code":"C52835","definitions":[{"description":"The second finger from the radial side of the hand, next to the thumb. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The second finger from the radial side of the hand, next to the thumb.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HAND DIGIT 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand Digit 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Index Finger","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Index Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Index Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0230388"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hand_Digit_2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Index Finger"}]}}{"C32884":{"preferredName":"Ischium","code":"C32884","definitions":[{"description":"The most posterior and ventral bone making up the pelvis. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The most posterior and ventral bone making up the pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISCHIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ischium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ischium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ischium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Ischium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ischium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022122"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ischium"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ischium"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001274"}]}}{"C32885":{"preferredName":"Islet Cell","code":"C32885","definitions":[{"description":"A pancreatic cell that produces hormones (e.g., insulin and glucagon) that are secreted into the bloodstream. These hormones help control the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pancreatic cell that produces and secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Islet Cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Islet Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"endocrine pancreas cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"islet cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"islets of Langerhans cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522529"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Islet_Cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Islet Cells"}]}}{"C48821":{"preferredName":"Jaw Bone","code":"C48821","definitions":[{"description":"The structures of the skull that frame the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The bones of the skull that frame the mouth and serve to open it; the bones that hold the teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JAW","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Jaw","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Jaw","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Jaw Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022359"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Jaw"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Jaw"}]}}{"C12388":{"preferredName":"Jejunum","code":"C12388","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the small intestine between the duodenum and ileum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"JEJUNUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Jejunum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Jejunum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jejunum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"SMALL INTESTINE, JEJUNUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022378"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Jejunum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Jejunum"}]}}{"C13044":{"preferredName":"Joint","code":"C13044","definitions":[{"description":"In medicine, the place where two or more bones are connected. Examples include the shoulder, elbow, knee, and jaw.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The connection point between two bones or skeletal elements. The joint may be fixed or movable. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"is an organ that constitutes an anatomical junction; it consists of two or more adjacent bones, parts of which are interconnected by organ parts that consist of various types of connective tissue. Together with other joints and bones, a joint constitutes the skeletal system. Example(s): pubic symphysis, knee joint, temporomandibular joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"UWDA142"},{"description":"The connection point between two bones or skeletal elements. The joint may be fixed or movable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Articular","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Articulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Articulation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Joints","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022417"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Joint"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Joint"}]}}{"C32898":{"preferredName":"Knee Joint","code":"C32898","definitions":[{"description":"The joint connecting the lower part of the femur with the upper part of the tibia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A joint connecting the lower part of the femur with the upper part of the tibia. The lower part of the femur and the upper part of the tibia are attached to each other by ligaments. Other structures of the knee joint include the upper part of the fibula, located below and parallel to the tibia, and the patella which moves as the knee bends.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Femorotibial Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"JOINT, FEMOROTIBIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Joint, Stifle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"KNEE JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Knee","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Knee","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Knee","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Knee","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Knee Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Knee Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tibiofemoral Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022745"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Knee_Joint"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Knee"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001465"}]}}{"C12346":{"preferredName":"Lacrimal Gland","code":"C12346","definitions":[{"description":"A gland that secretes tears. The lacrimal glands are found in the upper, outer part of each eye socket.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The exocrine glands that produce the watery serous component of tears.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Paired, almond-shaped exocrine glands situated superior and posterior to each orbit of the eye that produce and secrete the watery serous component of tears.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, LACRIMAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LACRIMAL GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lacrimal Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lacrimal Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lacrimal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lacrimal gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"lacrimal gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022907"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lacrimal_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lacrimal gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lacrimal Gland"}]}}{"C12379":{"preferredName":"Large Intestine","code":"C12379","definitions":[{"description":"The avillous section of the intestine composed of crypts and extending from the terminal small intestine to the external orifice.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The long, tube-like organ that is connected to the small intestine at one end and the anus at the other. The large intestine has four parts: cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal. Partly digested food moves through the cecum into the colon, where water and some nutrients and electrolytes are removed. The remaining material, solid waste called stool, moves through the colon, is stored in the rectum, and leaves the body through the anal canal and anus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A muscular tube that extends from the end of the small intestine to the anus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LARGE INTESTINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Large Bowel","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Large Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Large Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Large intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"large intestine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021851"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Large_Intestine"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large Bowel"}]}}{"C32974":{"preferredName":"Leg","code":"C32974","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the lower extremity between the knee and the ankle.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the lower extremity between the knee and the ankle. For clinical purposes this term is also used to refer to the whole inferior limb.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leg","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Leg","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leg","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Leg","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leg","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1140621"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leg"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leg"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000978"}]}}{"C32979":{"preferredName":"Leptomeninges","code":"C32979","definitions":[{"description":"Having to do with the two innermost meninges (thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The two innermost layers of tissue that cover the brain and spinal cord, the arachnoid mater and the pia mater. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The two innermost layers of tissue that cover the brain and spinal cord, the arachnoid mater and the pia mater.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS-Leptom","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"LEPTOMENINGES","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leptomeninges","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Leptomeninges","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leptomeninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"leptomeningeal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0228126"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leptomeninges"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leptomeninges"}]}}{"C13046":{"preferredName":"Ligament","code":"C13046","definitions":[{"description":"Band of fibrous tissue connecting bone to bone or cartilage to bone thereby supporting or strengthening a joint. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Band of fibrous tissue connecting bone to bone or cartilage to bone thereby supporting or strengthening a joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Ligament","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"LIGAMENT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ligament","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ligament","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ligament","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ligament","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ligaments","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023685"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ligament"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ligament"}]}}{"C12392":{"preferredName":"Liver","code":"C12392","definitions":[{"description":"A large organ located in the upper abdomen. The liver cleanses the blood and aids in digestion by secreting bile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An abdominal organ that has variable lobation which are composed mainly of hepatic lobules.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A triangular-shaped organ located under the diaphragm in the right hypochondrium. It is the largest internal organ of the body, weighting up to 2 kg. Metabolism and bile secretion are its main functions. It is composed of cells which have the ability to regenerate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Body System, Hepatic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Body System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatic Organ System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIVER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Liver","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Liver","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Liver","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Liver","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Organ System, Hepatic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liver","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023884"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liver"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Liver"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0002107"}]}}{"C69314":{"preferredName":"Lumbar Spine","code":"C69314","definitions":[{"description":"The vertebrae located below the thoracic and above the sacral vertebrae.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Those vertebrae between the ribs and the pelvis, L1-L5 in man.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"L Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUMBAR SPINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lumbar Spine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lumbar Spine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lumbar Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3887615"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lumbar_Spine"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lumbar Spine"}]}}{"C12468":{"preferredName":"Lung","code":"C12468","definitions":[{"description":"A thoracic organ that has variable lobation and is the primary respiratory organ of mammals.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of a pair of organs in the chest that supplies the body with oxygen, and removes carbon dioxide from the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"One of a pair of viscera occupying the pulmonary cavities of the thorax, the organs of respiration in which aeration of the blood takes place. As a rule, the right lung is slightly larger than the left and is divided into three lobes (an upper, a middle, and a lower or basal), while the left has two lobes (an upper and a lower or basal). Each lung is irregularly conical in shape, presenting a blunt upper extremity (the apex), a concave base following the curve of the diaphragm, an outer convex surface (costal surface), an inner or mediastinal surface (mediastinal surface), a thin and sharp anterior border, and a thick and rounded posterior border.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LUNG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lung, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lungs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Respiratory System, Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024109"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lung"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lung, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lung"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0002048"}]}}{"C12904":{"preferredName":"Axillary Lymph Node","code":"C12904","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node in the armpit region that drains lymph from the breast and nearby areas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Lymph node(s) in the axillary region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of approximately 20-30 lymph nodes in chain formation that traverse the concavity of the underarm to the clavicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AXILLARY LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Axillary Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axillary Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Axillary Lymph Nodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axillary Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, AXILLARY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Axilla","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node, Axillary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymph nodes of axilla or arm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"axillary lymph node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0729594"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Axillary_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node, Axillary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph nodes of axilla or arm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Axillary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Axilla"}]}}{"C32298":{"preferredName":"Cervical Lymph Node","code":"C32298","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in the cervical region, or neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the lymph nodes located in the neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CERVICAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cervical Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cervical Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, CERVICAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Cervical","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0588054"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cervical_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Cervical"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cervical"}]}}{"C106042":{"preferredName":"Distant Lymph Node","code":"C106042","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) that is distant to the anatomic region of interest.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located distant to the anatomic site of interest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DISTANT LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Distant Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Distant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3830456"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Distant"}]}}{"C98182":{"preferredName":"Epitrochlear Lymph Node","code":"C98182","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located above and adjacent to the elbow. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located above and adjacent to the elbow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPITROCHLEAR LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epitrochlear Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epitrochlear Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Epitrochlear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229847"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Epitrochlear"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epitrochlear"}]}}{"C98183":{"preferredName":"Femoral Lymph Node","code":"C98183","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in the upper inner portion of the thigh. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the upper inner portion of the thigh.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FEMORAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Femoral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Femoral Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Femoral Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Femoral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0877794"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Femoral"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Femoral"}]}}{"C102330":{"preferredName":"Perihilar Lymph Node","code":"C102330","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in the area around the hilum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the area around the hilum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Hilar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"PERIHILAR LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Perihilar Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640700"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Hilar"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hilar"}]}}{"C103384":{"preferredName":"Common Iliac Lymph Node","code":"C103384","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located adjacent to the common iliac artery. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located adjacent to the common iliac artery. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COMMON ILIAC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Common Iliac Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Iliac-Common","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL438194"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Iliac-Common"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Iliac-common"}]}}{"C88143":{"preferredName":"External Iliac Lymph Node","code":"C88143","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located along the external iliac artery. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located along the external iliac artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EXTERNAL ILIAC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"External Iliac Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Iliac Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Iliac-External","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229815"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Iliac-External"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Iliac-external"}]}}{"C32801":{"preferredName":"Inguinal Lymph Node","code":"C32801","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in the inguinal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A superficial or deep lymph node located in the inguinal area.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INGUINAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inguinal Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inguinal Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, INGUINAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Inguinal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node, Inguinal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0729596"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inguinal_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Inguinal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node, Inguinal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Inguinal"}]}}{"C32853":{"preferredName":"Internal Mammary Lymph Node","code":"C32853","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in or adjacent to the mammary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the lymph nodes of the breast located under the ribcage, near the sternum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INTERNAL MAMMARY LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Internal Mammary Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Internal Mammary Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, MAMMARY GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Internal Mammary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229755"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Internal_Mammary_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Internal Mammary"}]}}{"C137678":{"preferredName":"Intramammary Lymph Node","code":"C137678","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the lymph nodes located within the breast parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intramammary Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intramammary Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Mammary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2732830"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Mammary"}]}}{"C77641":{"preferredName":"Mesenteric Lymph Node","code":"C77641","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in or adjacent to the mesentery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the mesentery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, MESENTERIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Mesenteric","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"MESENTERIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesenteric Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesenteric Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229792"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mesenteric_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Mesenteric"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesenteric"}]}}{"C98188":{"preferredName":"Occipital Lymph Node","code":"C98188","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in the back of the head adjacent to the trapezius muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the back of the head adjacent to the trapezius muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Occipital","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"OCCIPITAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Occipital Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Occipital Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229711"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Occipital"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Occipital"}]}}{"C77643":{"preferredName":"Paraaortic Lymph Node","code":"C77643","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) adjacent to the lumbar vertebral column.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located adjacent to the lumbar region of the spine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aortic Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, LUMBAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Paraaortic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node, Para-Aortic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PARA-AORTIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Paraaortic Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraaortic Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229789"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Paraaortic_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Paraaortic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paraaortic"}]}}{"C33278":{"preferredName":"Parotid Gland Lymph Node","code":"C33278","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in or adjacent to the parotid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located close to, on, or within the parotid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, PAROTID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Parotid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"PAROTID GLAND LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Parotid Gland Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parotid Gland Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Parotid Gland Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229715"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Parotid_Gland_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Parotid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Parotid"}]}}{"C12363":{"preferredName":"Pelvic Lymph Node","code":"C12363","definitions":[{"description":"Any lymph node within the pelvic region. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any lymph node within the abdominal pelvic region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Pelvic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"PELVIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pelvic Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvic Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pelvic Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pelvic Lymph Nodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvic lymph nodes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL455365"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pelvic_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pelvic lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Pelvic"}]}}{"C53146":{"preferredName":"Popliteal Lymph Node","code":"C53146","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) adjacent to the femorotibial joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Lymph node located within the fat layer of the knee joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, POPLITEAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Popliteal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"POPLITEAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Popliteal Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Popliteal Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0588057"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Popliteal_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Popliteal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Popliteal"}]}}{"C49018":{"preferredName":"Regional Lymph Node","code":"C49018","definitions":[{"description":"In oncology, a lymph node that drains lymph from the region around a tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Lymph node(s) that drains the lymph from a region of interest.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node that drains lymph from a region of interest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, REGIONAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Regional","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"REGIONAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Regional Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Regional Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Regional lymph node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"regional lymph node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1184738"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Regional_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Regional"}]}}{"C98189":{"preferredName":"Retroperitoneal Lymph Node","code":"C98189","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in the retroperitoneal space. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the retroperitoneal space.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Retroperitoneal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"RETROPERITONEAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneal Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneal Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229802"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Retroperitoneal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retroperitoneal"}]}}{"C89780":{"preferredName":"Scalene Lymph Node","code":"C89780","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in proximity to any of the scalene muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Scalene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Scalene Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scalene Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229744"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Scalene"}]}}{"C142320":{"preferredName":"Splenic Lymph Node","code":"C142320","definitions":[{"description":"Any lymph node located along the splenic artery that receives afferent drainage from the pancreas, spleen, and stomach, and which generally has their efferents join the celiac group of preaortic lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any lymph node located along the splenic artery that receives afferent drainage from the pancreas, spleen, and stomach, and which generally has their efferents join the celiac group of preaortic lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Splenic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"SPLENIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Splenic Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540362"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Splenic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Splenic"}]}}{"C63705":{"preferredName":"Infraclavicular Lymph Node","code":"C63705","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located in the area below the clavicle. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the area below the clavicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Deltopectoral Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deltopectoral Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INFRACLAVICULAR LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Infraclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infraclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Infraclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Infraclavicular Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Subclavicular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Subclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Subclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subclavicular Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229743"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infraclavicular_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Subclavicular"}]}}{"C77650":{"preferredName":"Submandibular Lymph Node","code":"C77650","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) adjacent to the mandible.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located beneath the floor of the oral cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, MANDIBULAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Submandibular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node, Submandibular","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SUBMANDIBULAR LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Submandibular Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Submandibular Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229722"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Submandibular_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Submandibular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Submandibular"}]}}{"C12903":{"preferredName":"Supraclavicular Lymph Node","code":"C12903","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node which is located above the clavicle. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Lymph nodes located above the clavicle (collarbone).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A lymph node which is located above the clavicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Supraclavicular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"SUPRACLAVICULAR LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Supraclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supraclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Supraclavicular Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Supraclavicular Lymph Nodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"supraclavicular lymph node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229730"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Supraclavicular_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Supraclavicular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Supraclavicular"}]}}{"C33073":{"preferredName":"Mediastinal Lymph Node","code":"C33073","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in the mediastinal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the mediastinum. Mediastinal lymph nodes are arranged in three groups, one on the lateral, another on the medial, and a third on the anterior aspect of the vessels; the third group is, however, sometimes absent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, MEDIASTINAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node(s) Mediastinal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymph Nodes(s) Mediastinal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mediastinal Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediastinal Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0588055"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mediastinal_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node(s) Mediastinal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Nodes(s) Mediastinal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mediastinal"}]}}{"C12290":{"preferredName":"Mandible","code":"C12290","definitions":[{"description":"The lower jaw bone holding the lower teeth. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower jaw bone holding the lower teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, MANDIBLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bone, Mandibular","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inferior Maxillary Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inferior Maxillary Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower Jaw","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lower Jaw","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MANDIBLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mandible","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mandible","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mandible","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Mandible","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mandible","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mandibular","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024687"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mandible"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mandible"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001684"}]}}{"C26470":{"preferredName":"Maxilla","code":"C26470","definitions":[{"description":"The upper jaw bone holding the upper teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper jawbone in vertebrates; it is fused to the cranium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, MAXILLA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MAXILLA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Maxilla","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Maxilla","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maxilla","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Maxilla","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Maxillary","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper Jaw","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024947"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Maxilla"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Maxilla"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0002397"}]}}{"C164004":{"preferredName":"Mediastinal Soft Tissue","code":"C164004","definitions":[{"description":"Any non-hardened or non-calcified tissue found in the mediastinum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mediastinal Soft Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mediastinal Soft Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977224"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mediastinal Soft Tissue"}]}}{"C12748":{"preferredName":"Mediastinum","code":"C12748","definitions":[{"description":"The area between the lungs. The organs in this area include the heart and its large blood vessels, the trachea, the esophagus, the thymus, and lymph nodes but not the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The central region of the thoracic cavity of mammals containing a group of organs surrounded by loose connective tissue, which separates the two pleural sacs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An anatomic site along the midline and under the sternum that contains the heart and pericardium, the bases of the great vessels, the trachea and bronchi, esophagus, thymus, lymph nodes, thoracic duct, phrenic and vagus nerves, and other structures and tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEDIASTINUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mediastinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mediastinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediastinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Mediastinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mediastinum, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"mediastinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025066"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mediastinum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mediastinum, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mediastinum"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0003728"}]}}{"C33103":{"preferredName":"Mesentery","code":"C33103","definitions":[{"description":"A double layer of peritoneum that attaches to the wall of the abdominal cavity and supports the small intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The peritoneal membrane that attaches the intestines to the abdominal wall near the back.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A double layer of peritoneum that attaches to the back wall of the abdominal cavity and supports the small intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MESENTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesenteric Membrane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesentery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mesentery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesentery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"mesenteric membrane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025474"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mesentery"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesentery"}]}}{"C33105":{"preferredName":"Mesothelium","code":"C33105","definitions":[{"description":"A simple layer of cells, derived from the mesoderm that lines the coelom or body cavity of the embryo. In the adult, it covers all true serous membranes (peritoneum, pericardium, pleura).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesothelium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mesothelium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0086610"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mesothelium"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesothelium"}]}}{"C52836":{"preferredName":"Hand Digit 3","code":"C52836","definitions":[{"description":"The middle or third finger from the radial side of the hand. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The middle or third finger from the radial side of the hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HAND DIGIT 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand Digit 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Finger","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Middle Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Middle Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0230393"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hand_Digit_3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Middle Finger"}]}}{"C13258":{"preferredName":"Mitochondrion","code":"C13258","definitions":[{"description":"Small structures in a cell that are found in the cytoplasm (fluid that surrounds the cell nucleus). Mitochondria make most of the energy for the cell and have their own genetic material that is different from the genetic material found in the nucleus. Many diseases are caused by mutations (changes) in the DNA of mitochondria. Mitochondria are cell organelles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Mitochondria contain distinctive ribosomes, transfer RNAs, amino acyl t-RNA synthetases, and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus for many essential messenger RNAs. Mitochondria consist of two sets of membranes, a smooth continuous outer coat and an inner membrane arranged in tubules or more often in folds that form platelike double membranes (cristae). Mitochondria are the principal energy source of the cell and contains the cytochrome enzymes of terminal electron transport and the enzymes of the citric acid cycle, fatty acid oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mitochondria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mitochondria","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitochondrial","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitochondrion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mitochondria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026237"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mitochondrion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mitochondria"}]}}{"C13056":{"preferredName":"Muscle","code":"C13056","definitions":[{"description":"A fibrous soft tissue with the ability to contract to produce force and motion.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the contractile organs of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Muscular","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026845"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Muscle"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Muscle"}]}}{"C33156":{"preferredName":"Nail","code":"C33156","definitions":[{"description":"The cutaneous plate on the dorsal surface of the distal end of a finger or toe. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The cutaneous plate on the dorsal surface of the distal end of a finger or toe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NAIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nail","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nail","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nail","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Nail Apparatus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nails","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027342"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nail"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nails"}]}}{"C12424":{"preferredName":"Nasal Cavity","code":"C12424","definitions":[{"description":"The upper respiratory tract extending from the nares to the pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The proximal portion of the respiratory passages on either side of the nasal septum lying between the floor of the cranium and the roof of the mouth and extending from the face to the pharynx. The nasal cavity is lined with ciliated mucosa, extending from the nares to the pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BODY CAVITY, NASAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"NASAL CAVITY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nasal Cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nasal Cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasal Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Nasal cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Nasal cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027423"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nasal_Cavity_and_Paranasal_Sinus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nasal_Cavity"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nasal cavity"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nasal Cavity"}]}}{"C164006":{"preferredName":"Nasal Soft Tissue","code":"C164006","definitions":[{"description":"Any non-hardened or non-calcified tissue found in the nose.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nasal Soft Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nasal Soft Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977222"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nasal Soft Tissue"}]}}{"C13063":{"preferredName":"Neck","code":"C13063","definitions":[{"description":"The region that connects the head to the rest of the body. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The region that connects the head to the rest of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NECK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027530"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neck"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000974"}]}}{"C12466":{"preferredName":"Nerve","code":"C12466","definitions":[{"description":"A bundle of fibers that receives and sends messages between the body and the brain. 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It is located posterior to the temporal lobe and inferior to the parietal lobe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OCCIPITAL LOBE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Occipital Lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Occipital Lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Occipital Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Occipital lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028785"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Occipital_Lobe"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Occipital lobe"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Occipital Cortex"}]}}{"C12347":{"preferredName":"Orbit","code":"C12347","definitions":[{"description":"The bony cavity that contains the eye and its associated structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The bony cavity of the skull which contains the eye, anterior portion of the optic nerve, ocular muscles and ocular adnexa. Seven bones contribute to the structure of the orbit: the frontal, maxillary, zygomatic, sphenoid, lacrimal, ethmoid, and palatine bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BODY CAVITY, ORBITAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eye Socket","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eye Socket","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ORBIT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ocular Orbit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ocular Orbit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ocular Orbits","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Orbit","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Orbit","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Orbit","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Orbit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Orbit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Orbit, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Orbital Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0029180"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Orbit"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Orbit, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ocular Orbits"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001697"}]}}{"C33209":{"preferredName":"Omentum","code":"C33209","definitions":[{"description":"A double layer of peritoneum covering abdominal organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A fold of the peritoneum (the thin tissue that lines the abdomen) that surrounds the stomach and other organs in the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A fold of peritoneum originating at the stomach and supporting the viscera.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OMENTUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Omental Fat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Omentum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Omentum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Omentum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Omentum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"omentum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028977"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Omentum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Omentum"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0003688"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0005448"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0002358"}]}}{"C77637":{"preferredName":"Oral Mucosa","code":"C77637","definitions":[{"description":"The mucosal membranes that line the oral cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Moist tissue lining the oral cavity, containing mucous secreting glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUCOSA, ORAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ORAL MUCOSA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oral Mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026639"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Mucosa"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oral Cavity - Mucosa Only"}]}}{"C97925":{"preferredName":"Para-Spinal Ganglion","code":"C97925","definitions":[{"description":"A cluster of neuronal cell bodies and their dendrites located just ventral and lateral to the spinal cord that give rise to the sympathetic nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sympathetic ganglion located adjacent to the spinal column.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bilaterally Symmetric Sympathetic Chain Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARAVERTEBRAL GANGLIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Para-Spinal Ganglion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Para-Spinal Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Paraspinal Ganglion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Paraspinal Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paravertebral Ganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0228973"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paraspinal Ganglion"}]}}{"C12765":{"preferredName":"Parathyroid Gland","code":"C12765","definitions":[{"description":"Endocrine gland, usually in close proximity to the thyroid gland, that produces parathyroid hormone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of two small paired endocrine glands, superior and inferior, usually found embedded in the connective tissue capsule on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland; these glands secrete parathyroid hormone that regulates the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus. The parenchyma is composed of chief and oxyphilic cells arranged in anastomosing cords.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, PARATHYROID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Head and Neck, Parathyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARATHYROID GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Parathyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Parathyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parathyroid Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parathyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Parathyroid gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"parathyroid gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Inadvertent removal of all parathyroid glands, as during thyroidectomy, produces tetany and death."},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030518"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Parathyroid_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Parathyroid gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Parathyroid"}]}}{"C33282":{"preferredName":"Patella","code":"C33282","definitions":[{"description":"A small bone in front of the femorotibial joint that articulates with the femur.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A small flat triangular bone in front of the knee that articulates with the femur and protects the knee joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, 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base of the backbone supporting the lower limbs in humans.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BODY CAVITY, PELVIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PELVIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pelvic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvic Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvic Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pelvis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pelvis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pelvis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Pelvis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pelvis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pelvis, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"pelvic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pelvis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030797"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pelvis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pelvis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pelvis"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0002355"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001270"}]}}{"C13005":{"preferredName":"Pericardium","code":"C13005","definitions":[{"description":"The membrane surrounding the heart and roots of the vessels at the base of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A conical membranous sac filled with serous fluid in which the heart as well as the roots of the aorta and other large blood vessels are 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It is bound by thin membranes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The potential space located between the parietal and visceral layers of the peritoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BODY CAVITY, PERITONEAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PERITONEAL CAVITY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Peritoneal Cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Peritoneal Cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peritoneal Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"peritoneal cavity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704247"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peritoneal_Cavity"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peritoneal Cavity"}]}}{"C12770":{"preferredName":"Peritoneum","code":"C12770","definitions":[{"description":"The membrane that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The tissue that lines the abdominal wall and covers most of the organs in the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tissue that lines the wall of the abdominal cavity, intestine, mesentery, and pelvic organs. It consists of the parietal peritoneum and the visceral peritoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Peritoneal Membrane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"PERITONEUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Peritoneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Peritoneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peritoneum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Peritoneum, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"peritoneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0031153"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peritoneum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peritoneum, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peritoneum"}]}}{"C12425":{"preferredName":"Pharynx","code":"C12425","definitions":[{"description":"A passageway in the head and neck that includes the nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The hollow tube inside the neck that starts behind the nose and ends at the top of the trachea (windpipe) and esophagus (the tube that goes to the stomach). The pharynx is about 5 inches long, depending on body size.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A hollow tube that starts posterior to the mouth and nasal cavity and ends superior to the trachea and esophagus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PHARYNX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pharynx, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"pharynx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0031354"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pharynx"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pharynx, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pharynx"}]}}{"C12398":{"preferredName":"Pineal Gland","code":"C12398","definitions":[{"description":"A small endocrine gland that arises from the central posterior aspect of the diencephalon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tiny organ in the cerebrum that produces melatonin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small endocrine gland in the brain, situated beneath the back part of the corpus callosum, that secretes melatonin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, PINEAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PINEAL GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Pineal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pineal Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pineal gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"pineal body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pineal gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pineal organ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0031939"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pineal_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pineal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pineal gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pineal Gland"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001905"}]}}{"C12399":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland","code":"C12399","definitions":[{"description":"A small endocrine gland extending from the hypothalamus at the base of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The main endocrine gland. It produces hormones that control other glands and many body functions, especially growth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Pea-sized endocrine gland located at the base of the brain in the pituitary fossa. It produces and secretes hormones such as oxytocin and vasopressin, to regulate the activities of the hypothalamus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, PITUITARY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypophysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypophysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypophysis Cerebri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypophysis Cerebri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nervous System, Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PITUITARY GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pituitary gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"pituitary gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032005"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pituitary_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pituitary gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pituitary Gland"}]}}{"C12469":{"preferredName":"Pleura","code":"C12469","definitions":[{"description":"A thin layer of tissue that covers the lungs and lines the interior wall of the chest cavity. It protects and cushions the lungs. This tissue secretes a small amount of fluid that acts as a lubricant, allowing the lungs to move smoothly in the chest cavity while breathing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The serous membrane that lines the wall of the thoracic cavity and the surface of the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The tissue that lines the wall of the thoracic cavity and the surface of the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLEURA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PLEURA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLEURAL TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pleura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Pleura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pleura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pleura, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pleural Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pleura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032225"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pleural_Tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleura, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleura"}]}}{"C103222":{"preferredName":"Popliteal Fossa","code":"C103222","definitions":[{"description":"A diamond-shaped depression located in the back of the knee joint bounded by the medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius muscle, the semimembranosus muscle, and the biceps femoris.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A diamond-shaped depression located in the back of the knee joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"POPLITEAL FOSSA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Popliteal Fossa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Popliteal Fossa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Popliteal Fossa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Popliteal Fossa Structure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0230436"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Popliteal Fossa"}]}}{"C12260":{"preferredName":"Pylorus","code":"C12260","definitions":[{"description":"The region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower part of the stomach that connects to the duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pylorus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Pylorus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pylorus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pylorus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"STOMACH, PYLORUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034196"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pylorus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pylorus"}]}}{"C12343":{"preferredName":"Retina","code":"C12343","definitions":[{"description":"A light-sensitive membrane that lines the back wall of the eyeball. The retina is continuous with the optic nerve and this way transmits optical images to the brain. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of the eye that receive images and sends them as electric signals through the optic nerve to the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A light-sensitive membrane that lines the back wall of the eyeball. The retina is continuous with the optic nerve and this way transmits optical images to the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RETINA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Retina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Retina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Retina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"retina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0035298"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retina"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retina"}]}}{"C54155":{"preferredName":"Retro-Orbital Region","code":"C54155","definitions":[{"description":"The area of the body behind the orbit of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retro-Orbital Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Retro-Orbital Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retro-Orbital Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0230065"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retro-Orbital_Region"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retro-Orbital Region"}]}}{"C12298":{"preferredName":"Retroperitoneum","code":"C12298","definitions":[{"description":"The region of the abdomen outside the peritoneum, where the kidneys lie and the great blood vessels run.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The back of the abdomen where the kidneys lie and the great blood vessels run.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RETROPERITONEUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneal Cavity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneal Space","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0035359"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retroperitoneum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retroperitoneum"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0003693"}]}}{"C12782":{"preferredName":"Rib","code":"C12782","definitions":[{"description":"Any one of the paired bones, extending from the thoracic vertebrae toward the median line on the ventral aspect of the trunk.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any one of the paired bones, 12 on either side, extending from the thoracic vertebrae toward the median line on the ventral aspect of the trunk. The long curved bones which form the rib cage. Generally, ribs 1 to 7 are connected to the sternum by their costal cartilages and are called true ribs, whereas ribs 8 to 12 are termed false ribs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, RIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RIB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rib","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Rib","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0035561"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rib"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rib"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0002228"}]}}{"C52837":{"preferredName":"Hand Digit 4","code":"C52837","definitions":[{"description":"The fourth finger from the radial side of the hand. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fourth finger from the radial side of the hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HAND DIGIT 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand Digit 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ring Finger","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ring Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ring Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0230398"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hand_Digit_4"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ring Finger"}]}}{"C12319":{"preferredName":"Round Ligament","code":"C12319","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the round ligaments including the round ligament of the liver and the round ligament of the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Round Ligament","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Round Ligament","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Round Ligament","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Round ligament","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3241921"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Round_Ligament"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Round ligament"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Round Ligament"}]}}{"C33508":{"preferredName":"Sacral Region","code":"C33508","definitions":[{"description":"The large, triangle-shaped bone in the lower spine that forms part of the pelvis. It is made of 5 fused bones of the spine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The triangular bone, made up of 5 fused bones of the spine, located in the lower area of the spine between the fifth lumbar vertebra and the coccyx. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The triangular bone, made up of 5 fused bones of the spine, located in the lower area of the spine between the fifth lumbar vertebra and the coccyx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SACRUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sacral","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sacral Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sacral Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Sacral Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sacrum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sacrum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sacrum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"sacrum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3669209"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sacrum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sacrum"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0005473"}]}}{"C12426":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland","code":"C12426","definitions":[{"description":"A gland in the mouth that produces saliva.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any number of exocrine glands that secrete saliva into the oral cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An exocrine gland that secretes saliva. Salivary glands are mostly located in and around the oral cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, SALIVARY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Head and Neck, Salivary Glands","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Major salivary gland, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"SALIVARY GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Salivary Glands","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"salivary gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"ICDO3: excludes minor salivary gland, NOS C06.9"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036098"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Salivary_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Major salivary gland, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Salivary Gland"}]}}{"C89807":{"preferredName":"Scalp","code":"C89807","definitions":[{"description":"The skin which covers the top of the head and which is usually covered by hair. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The skin which covers the top of the head and which is usually covered by hair.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SCALP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Scalp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Scalp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scalp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Scalp","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036270"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Scalp"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000403"}]}}{"C12783":{"preferredName":"Scapula","code":"C12783","definitions":[{"description":"A bone that articulates with the humerus and is part of the scapulohumeral joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of a pair of triangular bones at the back of the shoulder. The scapula connects the collarbone with the upper arm bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The flat triangle-shaped bone that connects the humerus with the clavicle in the back of the shoulder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, SCAPULA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SCAPULA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Scapula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Scapula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scapula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Scapula","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Shoulder Blade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Shoulder Blade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"scapula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"shoulder blade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036277"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Scapula"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Scapula"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0006849"}]}}{"C52810":{"preferredName":"Sciatic Nerve","code":"C52810","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve arising from the merge of the lumbar and sacral rami in the pelvis and dividing into the common peroneal and tibial nerves, and which innervates the muscles of the thigh.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The longest single nerve that is formed by the merging of the ventral rami of the L4, L5, and S1 in the pelvis and passes down the lower limb where it divides into the common peroneal and tibial nerves.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NERVE, SCIATIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SCIATIC NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sciatic Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sciatic Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036394"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sciatic_Nerve"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sciatic Nerve"}]}}{"C12785":{"preferredName":"Scrotum","code":"C12785","definitions":[{"description":"In males, the external sac that contains the testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The pouch that encloses the testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The musculocutaneous pouch that encloses the testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SCROTUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Scrotum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Scrotum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scrotum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Scrotum, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"scrotum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036471"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Scrotum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Scrotum, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Scrotum"}]}}{"C12787":{"preferredName":"Seminal Vesicle","code":"C12787","definitions":[{"description":"A gland that helps produce semen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mammalian male reproductive accessory gland located adjacent to the urinary bladder and proximal to the prostate.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the two paired glands in the male genitourinary system, posterior to the bladder and superior to the prostate gland, that produces fructose-rich seminal fluid which is a component of semen. These glands join the ipsilateral ductus deferens to form the ejaculatory duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, SEMINAL VESICLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SEMINAL VESICLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Seminal Sacs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Seminal Sacs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seminal Vesicle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Seminal Vesicle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seminal Vesicles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"seminal vesicle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036628"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Seminal_Vesicle"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Seminal Vesicle"}]}}{"C25203":{"preferredName":"Shoulder","code":"C25203","definitions":[{"description":"The region of the body between the neck and the upper arm. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The region of the body between the neck and the upper arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SHOULDER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Shoulder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Shoulder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shoulder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Shoulder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Shoulder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037004"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Shoulder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Shoulder"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001467"}]}}{"C12384":{"preferredName":"Sigmoid Colon","code":"C12384","definitions":[{"description":"The S-shaped section of the colon that connects to the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the colon that connects to the descending colon above and the rectum below. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the colon that connects to the descending colon above and the rectum below.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COLON, SIGMOID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sigmoid Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sigmoid Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sigmoid Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Sigmoid colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"sigmoid colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227391"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sigmoid_Colon"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sigmoid colon"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sigmoid Colon"}]}}{"C33556":{"preferredName":"Sinus","code":"C33556","definitions":[{"description":"A cavity, space, or channel in the body. Examples include hollow spaces in the bones at the front of the skull, and channels for blood and lymph. Sinuses may also be found in the heart, brain, and other organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A recess, cavity, or channel. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A recess, cavity, or channel.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SINUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1305231"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sinus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sinus"}]}}{"C12275":{"preferredName":"Maxillary Sinus","code":"C12275","definitions":[{"description":"A pyramidal-shaped, thin-walled, air-filled cavity located in the maxilla. It is lined by mucus membrane and periosteum (mucoperiosteum) which contains cilia. It is adjacent to the nasal cavity and communicates with the middle meatus of the nose. It is the largest paranasal sinus and is composed of three recesses: alveolar, zygomatic, and infraorbital. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of paranasal sinus (a hollow space in the bones around the nose). There are two large maxillary sinuses, one in each of the maxillary bones, which are in the cheek area next to the nose. The maxillary sinuses are lined with cells that make mucus to keep the nose from drying out.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pyramidal-shaped, thin-walled, air-filled cavity located in the maxilla. It is lined by mucus membrane and periosteum (mucoperiosteum) which contains cilia. It is adjacent to the nasal cavity and communicates with the middle meatus of the nose. It is the largest paranasal sinus and is composed of three recesses: alveolar, zygomatic, and infraorbital.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antrum Highmori","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antrum of Highmore","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antrum of Highmori","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antrum, Maxillary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apertura Sinus Maxillaris","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MAXILLARY SINUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Maxillary Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Maxillary Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Maxillary Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Maxillary sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sinus(es), Maxillary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sinus, Maxillary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"maxillary sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024957"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Maxillary_Sinus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sinus(es), Maxillary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Maxillary sinus"}]}}{"C13050":{"preferredName":"Skeletal Muscle Tissue","code":"C13050","definitions":[{"description":"Voluntary, striated muscle tissue predominantly associated with the skeleton.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Striated muscles that are under voluntary control of the organism. They are connected at either or both ends to a bone and are utilized for locomotion and other movements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUSCLE, SKELETAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skeletal Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skeletal Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skeletal Muscle Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skeletal Muscle Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0242692"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Skeletal_Muscle_Tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skeletal Muscle"}]}}{"C12789":{"preferredName":"Skull","code":"C12789","definitions":[{"description":"The bones that form the head, made up of the bones of the braincase and face. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The bones that form the head, made up of the bones of the braincase and face.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, SKULL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bone, Skull","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cranium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Cranium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cranium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SKULL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skull","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skull","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skull","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Skull Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037303"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Skull"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skull"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0003128"}]}}{"C33568":{"preferredName":"Small Intestinal Mucosa","code":"C33568","definitions":[{"description":"Mucosa arranged into two fundamental structures - villi and crypts of Lieberkuhn. Villi are projections into the lumen of the small intestine, covered with simple columnar epithelium. Crypts of Lieberkuhn are moat-like invaginations of the epithelium around the villi that extend through the lamina propria down to the muscularis mucosae. Lymphocytes often invade the epithelium or form solitary lymphoid nodules in the lamina propria. Lymph nodules may form longitudinal aggregations of 30-50 nodules in the lamina propria of the ileum. These large aggregations are called Peyer's patches. The muscularis mucosae has two layers and extends into the intestinal villi, where the smooth muscle cells form a longitudinal bundle in the centre of the villi. The small intestinal mucosa secretes gastrin, somatostatin, cholecystokinin and secretin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Intestinal Mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227261"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Small_Intestinal_Mucosa"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small Bowel - Mucosa Only"}]}}{"C52838":{"preferredName":"Hand Digit 5","code":"C52838","definitions":[{"description":"The fifth and smallest finger from the radial side of the hand. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The fifth and smallest finger from the radial side of the hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HAND DIGIT 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand Digit 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Little Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Little Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pinkie","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Finger","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0230403"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hand_Digit_5"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small Finger"}]}}{"C12471":{"preferredName":"Soft Tissue","code":"C12471","definitions":[{"description":"Refers to muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, or other supporting tissue of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Refers to muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, organ parenchyma, or other supporting tissue of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A general term comprising tissue that is not hardened or calcified; including muscle, fat, blood vessels, nerves, tendons, ligaments and fascia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SOFT TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"soft tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225317"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Soft_Tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Soft Tissue"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0034929"}]}}{"C12998":{"preferredName":"Vertebral Column","code":"C12998","definitions":[{"description":"The bones, muscles, tendons, and other tissues that reach from the base of the skull to the tailbone. The spinal column encloses the spinal cord and the fluid surrounding the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The series of vertebrae and other tissues extending from the skull to the last tailbone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A series of bones, muscles, tendons, and other tissues reaching from the base of the skull to the tailbone. The vertebral column forms the axis of the skeleton and encloses as well as protects the spinal cord and the fluid surrounding the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SPINAL COLUMN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Spinal Column","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Spinal Column","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VERTEBRAL COLUMN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vertebral Column","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vertebral Column","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vertebral Column","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Vertebral column","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"backbone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"spinal column","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"spine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"vertebral column","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037949"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vertebral_Column"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spinal Column"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vertebral column"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spine"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0013706"}]}}{"C12464":{"preferredName":"Spinal Cord","code":"C12464","definitions":[{"description":"A column of nerve tissue that runs from the base of the skull down the back. It is surrounded by three protective membranes, and is enclosed within the vertebrae (back bones). The spinal cord and the brain make up the central nervous system, and spinal cord nerves carry most messages between the brain and the rest of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the central nervous system that lies within the vertebral canal and from which the spinal nerves emerge.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The elongated, approximately cylindrical part of the central nervous system of vertebrates that lies in the vertebral canal and from which the spinal nerves emerge.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulla Spinalis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medulla Spinalis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPINAL CORD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Spinal Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Spinal Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spinal Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Spinal Cord","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Spinal cord","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"spinal cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037925"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spinal_Cord"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spinal cord"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spinal Cord"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0002240"}]}}{"C12432":{"preferredName":"Spleen","code":"C12432","definitions":[{"description":"An abdominal organ that is part of the hematopoietic and immune systems. It is composed of the white pulp and the red pulp and is surrounded by a capsule.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An organ that is part of the lymphatic system. The spleen produces lymphocytes, filters the blood, stores blood cells, and destroys old blood cells. It is located on the left side of the abdomen near the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An organ that is part of the hematopoietic and immune systems. It is composed of the white pulp and the red pulp and is surrounded by a capsule. It is located in the left hypochondriac region. Its functions include lymphocyte production, blood cell storage, and blood cell destruction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Reticuloendothelial System, Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPLEEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Spleen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Spleen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Splenic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"spleen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"splenic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037993"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spleen"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spleen"}]}}{"C12267":{"preferredName":"Splenic Flexure","code":"C12267","definitions":[{"description":"The bend at the junction of the transverse and descending colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The bend at the junction of the transverse and descending colon.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COLON, SPLENIC FLEXURE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Left Colic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Left Colic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Flexure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Splenic Flexure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Splenic Flexure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Splenic Flexure of Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic flexure of colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227387"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Splenic_Flexure"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Splenic flexure of colon"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Splenic Flexure"}]}}{"C12793":{"preferredName":"Sternum","code":"C12793","definitions":[{"description":"The long flat bone that forms the center front of the chest wall. The sternum is attached to the collarbone and the first seven ribs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The long, flat bone or sternebrae connecting with the cartilage of some ribs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The long, flat bone connecting with the cartilages of the first seven ribs and the clavicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, STERNUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"STERNUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sterna","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sternum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sternum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sternum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Sternum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"breastbone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sternum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038293"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sternum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sternum"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000975"}]}}{"C32656":{"preferredName":"Gastric Mucosa","code":"C32656","definitions":[{"description":"The mucus membrane lining the inner surface of the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric Mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017136"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gastric_Mucosa"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stomach - Mucosa Only"}]}}{"C33645":{"preferredName":"Subcutis","code":"C33645","definitions":[{"description":"Adipose and connective tissue located deep to the dermis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Adipose tissue located under the dermis. It binds underlying structures with the skin. The subcutis is important in the regulation of temperature of the skin itself and the body. The size of this layer varies throughout the body and from person to person.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SUBCUTIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0278403"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Subcutis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Subcutaneous Tissue"}]}}{"C12280":{"preferredName":"Subglottis","code":"C12280","definitions":[{"description":"The area of the larynx below the vocal cords down to the trachea. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lowest part of the larynx; the area from just below the vocal cords down to the top of the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The area of the larynx below the vocal cords down to the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SUBGLOTTIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Subglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Subglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subglottis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"subglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0456475"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Subglottis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Subglottis"}]}}{"C12234":{"preferredName":"Sublingual Salivary Gland","code":"C12234","definitions":[{"description":"The salivary gland located under the tongue in the floor of the oral cavity or adjacent to the submandibular salivary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A salivary gland located under the tongue in the floor of the oral cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, SALIVARY, SUBLINGUAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SALIVARY GLAND, SUBLINGUAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sublingual Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sublingual Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sublingual Salivary Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sublingual gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038553"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sublingual_Salivary_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sublingual gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sublingual Gland"}]}}{"C12233":{"preferredName":"Submandibular Gland","code":"C12233","definitions":[{"description":"The salivary gland located adjacent to the mandible.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of a pair of major salivary glands located below the floor of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLAND, SALIVARY, SUBMANDIBULAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gland, Salivary, Mandibular","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Submandibular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"Submandibular Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Submandibular Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Submandibular Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Submandibular gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Submaxillary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Submaxillary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038556"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Submandibular_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Submandibular gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Submandibular Gland"}]}}{"C12279":{"preferredName":"Supraglottis","code":"C12279","definitions":[{"description":"The upper part of the larynx (voice box), including the epiglottis; the area above the vocal cords.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The upper part of the larynx, including the epiglottis; the area above the vocal cords.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper part of the larynx, including the epiglottis; the area above the vocal cords.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SUPRAGLOTTIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Supraglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Supraglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"supraglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225574"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Supraglottis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Supraglottis"}]}}{"C12473":{"preferredName":"Synovial Membrane","code":"C12473","definitions":[{"description":"A layer of connective tissue that lines the cavities of joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae (fluid-filled sacs between tendons and bones). The synovial membrane makes synovial fluid, which has a lubricating function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The connective tissue and synoviocytes that line the inner surface of the joint capsule.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The inner layer of the connective tissue that seals the joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Synovial Membrane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovial Membrane","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Synovium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"synovial membrane","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039099"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Synovial_Membrane"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Synovium"}]}}{"C12353":{"preferredName":"Temporal Lobe","code":"C12353","definitions":[{"description":"The second largest of the four cerebral lobes, the temporal lobe is approximately twenty two percent of the total neocortical volume. The temporal lobe can be divided into two main sections: first, the neocortex, comprising its lateral and inferolateral surfaces, and its standard cerebral cortex; and, second, the mesial temporal lobe, which is sometimes referred to as the limbic lobe, and includes the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the parahippocampal gyrus. Grossly, the lobe extends superiorly to the Sylvian fissure, and posteriorly to an imaginary line, the lateral parietotemporal line, which separates the temporal lobe from the inferior parietal lobule superiorly and the occipital lobe inferiorly. The middle cranial fossa forms its anterior and inferior boundaries.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the cerebral lobes. It is located inferior to the frontal and parietal lobes and anterior to the occipital lobe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TEMPORAL LOBE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Temporal Lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Temporal Lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temporal Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Temporal lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039485"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Temporal_Lobe"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Temporal lobe"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Temporal Cortex"}]}}{"C13045":{"preferredName":"Tendon","code":"C13045","definitions":[{"description":"A band of fibrous connective tissue that joins bone to muscle. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Tough, fibrous, cord-like tissue that connects muscle to bone or another structure, such as an eyeball. Tendons help the bone or structure to move.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A band of fibrous connective tissue that joins bone to muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Human Tendon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"TENDON","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tendon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tendon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tendon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tendons","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tendon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039508"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tendon"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tendon"}]}}{"C33763":{"preferredName":"Thigh","code":"C33763","definitions":[{"description":"A part of the lower limb, located between hip and knee. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A part of the lower limb, located between hip and knee.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"THIGH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thigh","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thigh","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thigh","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Thigh","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thigh","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039866"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thigh"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thigh"}]}}{"C69315":{"preferredName":"Thoracic Spine","code":"C69315","definitions":[{"description":"The vertebrae of the thoracic spine, numbered one through twelve in humans.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The vertebrae of the thoracic spine, numbered one through twelve in man.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THORACIC SPINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thoracic Spine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thoracic Spine","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thoracic Spine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0581269"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thoracic_Spine"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thoracic Spine"}]}}{"C12799":{"preferredName":"Thorax","code":"C12799","definitions":[{"description":"The division of the body lying between the neck and the abdomen. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The division of the body lying between the neck and the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"THORAX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thorax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thorax","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thorax","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thorax","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Thorax, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0817096"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thorax"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thorax, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thorax"}]}}{"C54272":{"preferredName":"Throat","code":"C54272","definitions":[{"description":"The hollow tube inside the neck that starts behind the nose and ends at the top of the trachea (windpipe) and esophagus (the tube that goes to the stomach). The throat is about 5 inches long, depending on body size.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The narrow passage from the mouth to the cavity at the back of the mouth. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The narrow passage from the mouth to the cavity at the back of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"THROAT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Throat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Throat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Throat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Throat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"throat","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0230069"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Throat"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Throat"}]}}{"C52834":{"preferredName":"Hand Digit 1","code":"C52834","definitions":[{"description":"The thick and short hand digit which is next to the index finger in humans. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The thick and short hand digit which is next to the index finger in humans.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HAND DIGIT 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand Digit 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thumb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thumb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thumb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040067"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hand_Digit_1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thumb"}]}}{"C12800":{"preferredName":"Tibia","code":"C12800","definitions":[{"description":"The larger of two bones between the knee and ankle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The long bone that is medial to the fibula.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A bone located between the femur and the tarsus, being part of the lower leg.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, TIBIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"TIBIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tibia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tibia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tibia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Tibia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"shinbone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"tibia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040184"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tibia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tibia"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000979"}]}}{"C12422":{"preferredName":"Tongue","code":"C12422","definitions":[{"description":"The muscular organ in the mouth used in taste perception and food ingestion.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The muscular organ located in the floor of the mouth and serving as the principal organ of taste and modification of the voice in speech.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TONGUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tongue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Tongue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tongue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tongue, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040408"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tongue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tongue, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tongue"}]}}{"C12961":{"preferredName":"Trachea and Bronchus","code":"C12961","definitions":[{"description":"Trachea -The cartilaginous and membranous tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi. Bronchi-The larger air passages of the lungs arising from the terminal bifurcation of the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Respiratory System, Trachea, Bronchus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trachea / Major Bronchi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Trachea and Bronchus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trachea, Bronchus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0302191"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trachea_and_Bronchus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trachea / Major Bronchi"}]}}{"C12385":{"preferredName":"Transverse Colon","code":"C12385","definitions":[{"description":"The third division of the colon (large intestine). It communicates with the ascending colon in the upper right-hand quadrant of the abdomen and the descending colon in the upper left-hand quadrant. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The third division of the colon (large intestine). It communicates with the ascending colon in the upper right-hand quadrant of the abdomen and the descending colon in the upper left-hand quadrant.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COLON, TRANSVERSE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Transverse Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Transverse Colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transverse Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Transverse Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Transverse colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227386"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Transverse_Colon"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transverse colon"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transverse Colon"}]}}{"C33816":{"preferredName":"Trunk","code":"C33816","definitions":[{"description":"The body excluding the head, neck and appendages.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The body excluding the head and neck and limbs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRUNK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Torso","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trunk","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Trunk","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Trunk","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trunk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0460005"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trunk"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trunk"}]}}{"C34320":{"preferredName":"Umbilical Cord","code":"C34320","definitions":[{"description":"Extraembryonic structure that connects the fetus to the placenta.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Extraembryonic structure that connects the fetus to the placenta. It contains two arteries and one vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"UMBILICAL CORD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Umbilical Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Umbilical Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Umbilical Cord","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0041633"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Umbilical_Cord"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Umbilical Cord"}]}}{"C12417":{"preferredName":"Urethra","code":"C12417","definitions":[{"description":"The tube that extends from the urinary bladder to the urethral opening.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The tube through which urine leaves the body. It empties urine from the bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tube carrying urine from the bladder to outside of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"URETHRA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Urethra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Urethra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urethra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"urethra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0041967"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Urethra"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Urethra"}]}}{"C12413":{"preferredName":"Urinary System","code":"C12413","definitions":[{"description":"The organs involved in the creation and excretion of urine. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The organs of the body that produce and discharge urine. These include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The organs involved in the creation and excretion of urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Body System, Renal/Urologic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ System, Renal/Urologic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal/Urologic Body System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal/Urologic Organ System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"URINARY SYSTEM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Urinary System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Urinary System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Urinary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Urinary system, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Urologic/Renal Body System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"urinary tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1508753"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Urinary_System"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Urinary system, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Urinary Tract"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E13"}]}}{"C12232":{"preferredName":"Uvula","code":"C12232","definitions":[{"description":"The soft flap of tissue that hangs down at the back of the mouth (at the edge of the soft palate).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The fleshy lobe that hangs at the back of the soft palate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Palatine Uvula","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uvula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Uvula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uvula","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"palatine uvula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"uvula","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042173"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Uvula"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Uvula"}]}}{"C12813":{"preferredName":"Vas Deferens","code":"C12813","definitions":[{"description":"A coiled tube that carries the sperm out of the testes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A duct carrying spermatozoa from the epididymides to the urethra.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Duct carrying spermatozoa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ductus Deferens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"VAS DEFERENS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vas Deferens","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vas Deferens","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vas Deferens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"vas deferens","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042360"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vas_Deferens"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vas Deferens"}]}}{"C12814":{"preferredName":"Vein","code":"C12814","definitions":[{"description":"A blood vessel that carries blood to the heart from tissues and organs in the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VEIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Venous","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042449"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vein"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vein"}]}}{"C25291":{"preferredName":"Venous","code":"C25291","definitions":[{"description":"Of, or pertaining to, or contained in, or performing the function of the veins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Venous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Venous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0348013"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Venous"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Venous"}]}}{"C12933":{"preferredName":"Vertebra","code":"C12933","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the ring-shaped bony structures that constitute the spinal column and surround the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vertebra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vertebra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vertebra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Vertebrae","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0549207"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vertebra"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vertebra"}]}}{"C12529":{"preferredName":"Leukocyte","code":"C12529","definitions":[{"description":"A type of immune cell. Most leukocytes are made in the bone marrow and are found in the blood and lymph tissue. Leukocytes help the body fight infections and other diseases. Granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes are leukocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Blood cells that are devoid of hemoglobin, capable of amoeboid motion and phagocytosis, and act as the principal components of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Blood cells that are devoid of hemoglobin, capable of ameboid motion and phagocytosis, and act as the principal components of the immune system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEUKOCYTE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leukocyte","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukocyte","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Leukocytes","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leukocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reticuloendothelial System, Leukocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WBC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"White Blood Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"White Blood Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"White Blood Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"White Blood Corpuscle","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"White Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"leukocyte","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"white blood cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023516"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leukocyte"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"White Blood Cells"}]}}{"C33894":{"preferredName":"Wrist Joint","code":"C33894","definitions":[{"description":"A joint between the distal end of the radius and the proximal row of carpal bones. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A joint between the distal end of the radius and the proximal row of carpal bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carpal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiocarpal Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Radiocarpal Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WRIST JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Wrist","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Wrist","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Wrist","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Wrist","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wrist Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wrist Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1322271"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Wrist_Joint"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wrist"}]}}{"C9338":{"preferredName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Neoplasm","code":"C9338","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in the tissues of the adrenal glands (two glands located just above the kidneys). The adrenal glands make hormones that control heart rate, blood pressure, and other important body functions. Adrenal cancer that starts in the outside layer of the adrenal gland is called adrenocortical carcinoma. Adrenal cancer that starts in the center of the adrenal gland is called malignant pheochromocytoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the adrenal gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"adrenal cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0750887"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Adrenal_Gland_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of unspecified part of unspecified adrenal gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of unspecified part of right adrenal gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Adrenal gland, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of adrenal gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal Gland Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of unspecified part of left adrenal gland"}]}}{"C27814":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Carcinoma","code":"C27814","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in a bile duct. A bile duct is a tube that carries bile (fluid made by the liver that helps digest fat) between the liver and gallbladder and the intestine. Bile ducts include the common hepatic, cystic, and common bile ducts. Bile duct cancer may be found inside the liver (intrahepatic) or outside the liver (extrahepatic).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Duct Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Cancer (including Cholangiocarcinoma)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bile duct carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"bile duct cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0740277"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bile_Duct_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bile Duct Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bile duct carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8160/3"}]}}{"C4912":{"preferredName":"Bladder Carcinoma","code":"C4912","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the bladder (the organ that stores urine). Most bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas (cancer that begins in cells that normally make up the inner lining of the bladder). Other types include squamous cell carcinoma (cancer that begins in thin, flat cells) and adenocarcinoma (cancer that begins in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids). The cells that form squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma develop in the inner lining of the bladder as a result of chronic irritation and inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the bladder epithelium. Approximately 90% of the bladder carcinomas are transitional cell carcinomas. The remainder are squamous cell carcinomas, adenocarcinomas and small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bladder Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bladder Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bladder Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bladder Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Bladder Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Bladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Bladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cancer of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Urinary Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Urinary Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary Bladder Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urinary Bladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bladder cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699885"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bladder_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bladder Cancer"}]}}{"C116915":{"preferredName":"Liquid Tumor","code":"C116915","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant tumor that originates from myeloid or lymphoid cells i.e., leukemias and lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Blood Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liquid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liquid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3890429"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Blood Cancer"}]}}{"C4016":{"preferredName":"Malignant Bone Neoplasm","code":"C4016","definitions":[{"description":"A solid malignant neoplasm that develops or arises in the bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Primary bone cancer is cancer that forms in cells of the bone. Some types of primary bone cancer are osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and chondrosarcoma. Secondary bone cancer is cancer that spreads to the bone from another part of the body (such as the prostate, breast, or lung).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the bone or articular cartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bone Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bone Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bone Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Bone Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cancer of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Bone Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Bone Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Bone Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Bone Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Osseous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Osseous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osseous Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bone cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279530"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Bone_Neoplasm"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Bone Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of unspecified bones and articular cartilage of unspecified limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of unspecified bones and articular cartilage of right limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Bone and articular cartilage, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of vertebral column, excluding sacrum and coccyx"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of short bones of lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of scapula and long bones of upper limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of short bones of upper limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of short bones of unspecified upper limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Short bones of lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Scapula and long bones of upper limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Vertebral column"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Short bones of upper limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Long bones of lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Bones of skull and face"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Pelvic bones, sacrum and coccyx"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of bone and articular cartilage, site unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of bone and articular cartilage of other and unspecified sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of long bones of left lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of bones of skull and face, except mandible"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bone cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bone Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of bone and articular cartilage of limbs"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of bone and articular cartilage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of scapula and long bones of left upper limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of pelvic bones, sacrum, and coccyx"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of scapula and long bones of unspecified upper limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of scapula and long bones of right upper limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of long bones of right lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of long bones of lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of long bones of unspecified lower limb"}]}}{"C3568":{"preferredName":"Malignant Brain Neoplasm","code":"C3568","definitions":[{"description":"An abnormal solid mass arising within the brain with histologic features suggesting the potential to metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brain Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Brain Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Brain Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brain Neoplasms, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0153633"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Brain_Neoplasm"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Malignant Brain Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Brain, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of other parts of brain"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Overlapping lesion of brain"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Cerebral ventricle"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of brain"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Brain Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of brain, unspecified"}]}}{"C4872":{"preferredName":"Breast Carcinoma","code":"C4872","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm that develops or arises in breast tissue.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm that develops or arises in breast tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the breast, usually the ducts (tubes that carry milk to the nipple) and lobules (glands that make milk). It occurs in both men and women, although male breast cancer is rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the breast, most commonly the terminal ductal-lobular unit. It is the most common malignant tumor in females. Risk factors include country of birth, family history, menstrual and reproductive history, fibrocystic disease and epithelial hyperplasia, exogenous estrogens, contraceptive agents, and ionizing radiation. The vast majority of breast carcinomas are adenocarcinomas (ductal or lobular). Breast carcinoma spreads by direct invasion, by the lymphatic route, and by the blood vessel route. The most common site of lymph node involvement is the axilla.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Breast Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Breast cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cancer of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mammary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"breast cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0678222"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Breast Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Breast cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Breast Cancer"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E180101"}]}}{"C9039":{"preferredName":"Cervical Carcinoma","code":"C9039","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the cervix (the organ connecting the uterus and vagina). It is usually a slow-growing cancer that may not have symptoms but can be found with regular Pap tests (a procedure in which cells are scraped from the cervix and looked at under a microscope). Cervical cancer is almost always caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from either the exocervical squamous epithelium or the endocervical glandular epithelium. The major histologic types of cervical carcinoma are: squamous carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Cervix Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Cervix Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Cancer (all types)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cervical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cervical cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cervix Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervix Uteri Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Cervix Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Cervix Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cervical cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0302592"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cervical_Carcinoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Cervical Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cervical Cancer (all types)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cervical Cancer"}]}}{"C2946":{"preferredName":"Chondrosarcoma","code":"C2946","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from cartilage-forming tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of cancer that forms in bone cartilage. It usually starts in the pelvis (between the hip bones), the shoulder, the ribs, or at the ends of the long bones of the arms and legs. A rare type of chondrosarcoma called extraskeletal chondrosarcoma does not form in bone cartilage. Instead, it forms in the soft tissues of the upper part of the arms and legs. Chondrosarcoma can occur at any age but is more common in people older than 40 years. It is a type of bone cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant cartilaginous matrix-producing mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the bone and soft tissue. It usually affects middle-aged to elderly adults. The pelvic bones, ribs, shoulder girdle, and long bones are the most common sites of involvement. Most chondrosarcomas arise de novo, but some may develop in a preexisting benign cartilaginous lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHONDROSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chondrosarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008479"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9220/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chondrosarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibrochondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9220/3"}]}}{"C4627":{"preferredName":"Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm","code":"C4627","definitions":[{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the brain or spinal cord. Representative examples include anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma, anaplastic (malignant) meningioma, lymphoma, and metastatic carcinoma from another anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CNS Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS Malignant Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS Neoplasms, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Neoplasms, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant CNS Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant CNS Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant CNS Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Central Nervous System Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0348374"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Central_Nervous_System_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of spinal cord, cranial nerves and other parts of central nervous system"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Central nervous system, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Brain and Nervous System"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CNS Cancer"}]}}{"C2955":{"preferredName":"Colorectal Carcinoma","code":"C2955","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that develops in the colon (the longest part of the large intestine) and/or the rectum (the last several inches of the large intestine before the anus).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm that arises from the colon or rectum and invades through the muscularis mucosa into the submucosa. The vast majority are adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Large Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Large Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Large Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Large Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Large Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Large Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Large Bowel","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Large Intestine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colorectal (Colon or Rectal) Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Colorectal Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Colorectal Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Colorectal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colorectal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Colorectal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Colorectal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colorectal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Colorectal cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Large Bowel Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Bowel Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Intestine Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Intestine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"colorectal cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009402"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Colorectal_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Colorectal Cancer"}]}}{"C3513":{"preferredName":"Esophageal Carcinoma","code":"C3513","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues lining the esophagus (the muscular tube through which food passes from the throat to the stomach). Two types of esophageal cancer are squamous cell carcinoma (cancer that begins in flat cells lining the esophagus) and adenocarcinoma (cancer that begins in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial tumor arising from the esophageal mucosa. Two major histologic types of esophageal carcinoma have been described: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. This type of cancer is associated with excessive ethanol and cigarette usage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Esophagus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESCA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Esophageal Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Esophageal Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Esophageal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Esophageal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Esophageal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Esophageal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Esophageal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Esophageal cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Esophagus Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"esophageal cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0152018"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Esophageal_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Esophageal Cancer"}]}}{"C3844":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder Carcinoma","code":"C3844","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ below the liver that collects and stores bile (a fluid made by the liver to digest fat). Gallbladder cancer begins in the innermost layer of tissue and spreads through the outer layers as it grows.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium of the gallbladder. It is usually associated with the presence of gallstones. Clinical symptoms are not specific and usually present late in the course. Morphologically, most gallbladder carcinomas are adenocarcinomas; squamous cell carcinomas, adenosquamous carcinomas, signet ring carcinomas, and undifferentiated carcinomas can also occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Gallbladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Gallbladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Gallbladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Gallbladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gall bladder carcinoma (adeno)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Gall bladder carcinoma (adenocarcinoma)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"gallbladder cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0235782"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gallbladder_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gallbladder Cancer"}]}}{"C4911":{"preferredName":"Gastric Carcinoma","code":"C4911","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues lining the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial tumor of the stomach mucosa. The vast majority of gastric carcinomas are adenocarcinomas, arising from the gastric glandular epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Stomach","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric (Stomach) Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gastric Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gastric Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gastric Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gastric Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Gastric Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gastric Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Gastric cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Stomach Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Stomach Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stomach Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gastric cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"stomach cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699791"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gastric_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastric Cancer"}]}}{"C4913":{"preferredName":"Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm","code":"C4913","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer of the female reproductive tract, including the cervix, endometrium, fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus, and vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the female reproductive system. Representative examples include endometrial carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma, adenosarcoma, malignant mixed mesodermal (mullerian) tumor, and gestational choriocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Female Reproductive Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Female reprod. system cancer, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Female reproductive system cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Gynecologic Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gynecologic Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Female Reproductive System Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Gynecologic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Gynecologic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Female Reproductive System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Female Reproductive System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Female Reproductive System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Female Reproductive System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gynecologic cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0699889"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Female_Reproductive_System_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Female genital organ, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of uterine adnexa, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Uterine adnexa, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Other specified female genital organs"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of female genital organ, site unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gynecologic Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of ovary and other uterine adnexa"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of other and unspecified female genital organs"}]}}{"C4013":{"preferredName":"Malignant Head and Neck Neoplasm","code":"C4013","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that arises in the head or neck region (in the nasal cavity, sinuses, lip, mouth, salivary glands, throat, or larynx [voice box]).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the head and neck. Representative examples include oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and salivary gland carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Head and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Head and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Head and Neck Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Head and Neck Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Head and Neck Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Head and neck cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Malignant Head and Neck Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Head and Neck Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Head and Neck Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Head and Neck Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Head and Neck Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Head and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Head and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Head and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Head and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"head and neck cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0278996"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Head_and_Neck_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of nasal cavity and middle ear"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of nasal cavities, middle ear, and accessory sinuses"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of other and ill-defined sites: Head, face and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Head and Neck Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of head, face, and neck"}]}}{"C27134":{"preferredName":"Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Cell Neoplasm","code":"C27134","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer of the blood or bone marrow, such as leukemia or lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of hemolymphoreticular cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A neoplasm arising from hematopoietic cells found in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, lymph nodes and spleen (organs of the hematopoietic system). Hematopoietic cell neoplasms can also involve other anatomic sites (e.g. central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract), either by metastasis, direct tumor infiltration, or neoplastic transformation of extranodal lymphoid tissues. The commonest forms are the various types of leukemia, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, myeloproliferative neoplasms, and myelodysplastic syndromes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HEMOLYMPHORETICULAR TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hematologic Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hematologic Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematologic Malignancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematologic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematological Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematological Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Neoplasms including Lymphomas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic malignancy, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic, Including Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Hematologic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Hematopoietic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hematologic cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0376545"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hematopoietic_Cell_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other neoplasms of uncertain or unknown behaviour of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hematologic Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neoplasm of uncertain behavior of other lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues"}]}}{"C9087":{"preferredName":"Kaposi Sarcoma","code":"C9087","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer characterized by the abnormal growth of blood vessels that develop into skin lesions or occur internally.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by a vascular proliferation which usually contains blunt endothelial cells. Erythrocyte extravasation and hemosiderin deposition are frequently present. The most frequent site of involvement is the skin; however it may also occur internally. It generally develops in people with compromised immune systems including those with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"KS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kaposi Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Kaposi Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Kaposi Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Kaposi Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Kaposi Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kaposi sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Kaposi's Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kaposi's sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Multiple Hemorrhagic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple hemorrhagic sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036220"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9140/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Kaposi_s_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Kaposi's sarcoma of gastrointestinal sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Kaposi's sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Multiple hemorrhagic sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Kaposi's sarcoma, gastrointestinal sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9140/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Kaposi Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Kaposi sarcoma of soft tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Kaposi sarcoma"}]}}{"C9384":{"preferredName":"Kidney Carcinoma","code":"C9384","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the kidneys. Kidney cancer includes renal cell carcinoma (cancer that forms in the lining of very small tubes in the kidney that filter the blood and remove waste products) and renal pelvis carcinoma (cancer that forms in the center of the kidney where urine collects). It also includes Wilms tumor, which is a type of kidney cancer that usually develops in children under the age of 5.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the epithelium of the renal parenchyma or the renal pelvis. The majority are renal cell carcinomas. Kidney carcinomas usually affect middle aged and elderly adults. Hematuria, abdominal pain, and a palpable mass are common symptoms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kidney (including Renal Cell) Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Kidney Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Kidney Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Kidney Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Kidney Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Renal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"kidney cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1378703"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Renal_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Kidney Cancer"}]}}{"C4855":{"preferredName":"Laryngeal Carcinoma","code":"C4855","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the larynx (area of the throat that contains the vocal cords and is used for breathing, swallowing, and talking). Most laryngeal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (cancer that begins in flat cells lining the larynx).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Carcinoma that arises from the laryngeal epithelium. More than 90% of laryngeal carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas. The remainder are adenoid cystic carcinomas, mucoepidermoid carcinomas and carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Larynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Larynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Larynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Larynx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngeal Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Laryngeal Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Laryngeal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngeal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Laryngeal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngeal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Laryngeal Throat Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Larynx Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Larynx Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"laryngeal cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0595989"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Laryngeal_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Laryngeal Cancer"}]}}{"C7927":{"preferredName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma","code":"C7927","definitions":[{"description":"Primary liver cancer is cancer that forms in the tissues of the liver. Secondary liver cancer is cancer that spreads to the liver from another part of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from the hepatocytes or intrahepatic bile ducts. The main subtypes are hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoma) and cholangiocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biliary Tract Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cancer of Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liver Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liver Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Liver Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Liver Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver and hepatobiliary cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Liver/hepatobiliary cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Primary Liver Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liver cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279000"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liver_and_Intrahepatic_Biliary_Tract_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Other specified carcinomas of liver"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Liver Cancer"}]}}{"C4878":{"preferredName":"Lung Carcinoma","code":"C4878","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the lung, usually in the cells lining air passages. The two main types are small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. These types are diagnosed based on how the cells look under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma originating in the lung. Lung carcinomas usually arise from the epithelium that lines the bronchial tree (bronchogenic carcinomas), and are classified as small cell or non-small cell carcinomas. Non-small cell lung carcinomas are usually adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, or large cell carcinomas. Metastatic carcinomas to the lung are also common, and can be difficult to distinguish from primary tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lung Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lung Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lung Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lung Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Cancer (all types)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lung cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"lung cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0684249"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lung_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lung Cancer (all types)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lung Cancer"}]}}{"C35812":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymph Node Neoplasm","code":"C35812","definitions":[{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant tumor involving the lymph node. Lymphomas and metastatic carcinomas are representative examples.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymph Node Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymph Node Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymph Node Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymph Node Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0948627"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Lymph_Node_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph Node Cancer"}]}}{"C3224":{"preferredName":"Melanoma","code":"C3224","definitions":[{"description":"A form of cancer that begins in melanocytes (cells that make the pigment melanin). It may begin in a mole (skin melanoma), but can also begin in other pigmented tissues, such as in the eye or in the intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm comprised of melanocytes typically arising in the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A malignant, usually aggressive tumor composed of atypical, neoplastic melanocytes. Most often, melanomas arise in the skin (cutaneous melanomas) and include the following histologic subtypes: superficial spreading melanoma, nodular melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma, and lentigo maligna melanoma. Cutaneous melanomas may arise from acquired or congenital melanocytic or dysplastic nevi. Melanomas may also arise in other anatomic sites including the gastrointestinal system, eye, urinary tract, and reproductive system. Melanomas frequently metastasize to lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MELANOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Melanoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025202"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8720/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Melanoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant melanoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8720/3"}]}}{"C3234":{"preferredName":"Mesothelioma","code":"C3234","definitions":[{"description":"A benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous) tumor affecting the lining of the chest or abdomen. Exposure to asbestos particles in the air increases the risk of developing malignant mesothelioma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A usually malignant and aggressive neoplasm of the mesothelium which is often associated with exposure to asbestos.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesothelioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025500"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mesothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesothelioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesothelioma of other sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesothelioma, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9050/3"}]}}{"C3242":{"preferredName":"Plasma Cell Myeloma","code":"C3242","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the bone marrow composed of plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of cancer that begins in plasma cells (white blood cells that produce antibodies).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A bone marrow-based plasma cell neoplasm characterized by a serum monoclonal protein and skeletal destruction with osteolytic lesions, pathological fractures, bone pain, hypercalcemia, and anemia. Clinical variants include non-secretory myeloma, smoldering myeloma, indolent myeloma, and plasma cell leukemia. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kahler disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MYELOMA, PLASMA CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Multiple Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Myeloma/Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Myeloma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myelomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Plasma cell myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"multiple myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"myelomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"plasma cell myeloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026764"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9732/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Plasma_Cell_Myeloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Multiple myeloma without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Multiple myeloma not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plasma cell myeloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9732/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Multiple Myeloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Multiple myeloma and immunoproliferative neoplasms"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Multiple myeloma"}]}}{"C7431":{"preferredName":"Malignant Ovarian Neoplasm","code":"C7431","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the ovary (one of a pair of female reproductive glands in which the ova, or eggs, are formed). Most ovarian cancers are either ovarian epithelial carcinomas (cancer that begins in the cells on the surface of the ovary) or malignant germ cell tumors (cancer that begins in egg cells).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the ovary. Most primary malignant ovarian neoplasms are either carcinomas (serous, mucinous, or endometrioid adenocarcinomas) or malignant germ cell tumors. Metastatic malignant neoplasms to the ovary include carcinomas, lymphomas, and melanomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ovarian Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ovarian Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Ovarian Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"ovarian cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1140680"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Ovarian_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of right ovary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of ovary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of unspecified ovary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ovarian Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of left ovary"}]}}{"C3850":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Carcinoma","code":"C3850","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which malignant (cancer) cells are found in the tissues of the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the exocrine pancreas. The overwhelming majority of pancreatic carcinomas are adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Exocrine Pancreas Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreas Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreas Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreas Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pancreatic cancer (excluding Islets), NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic cancer (not Islets)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"exocrine cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pancreatic cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0235974"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreatic_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreas Cancer"}]}}{"C7708":{"preferredName":"Childhood Malignant Liver Neoplasm","code":"C7708","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant tumor of the liver occurring during childhood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the liver developed in childhood. Representative examples include hepatoblastoma, undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma, and extrarenal rhabdoid tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Childhood Cancer of Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Cancer of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Liver Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Malignant Liver Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Malignant Liver Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Childhood Malignant Liver Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Childhood Malignant Liver Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Liver Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pediatric Cancer of Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pediatric Cancer of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pediatric Liver Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pediatric Liver Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2945767"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Childhood_Liver_Cancer"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Childhood Malignant Liver Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pediatric Liver Cancer"}]}}{"C4863":{"preferredName":"Prostate Carcinoma","code":"C4863","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the prostate (a gland in the male reproductive system found below the bladder and in front of the rectum). Prostate cancer usually occurs in older men.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"One of the most common malignant tumors afflicting men. The majority of carcinomas arise in the peripheral zone and a minority occur in the central or the transitional zone of the prostate gland. Grossly, prostatic carcinomas appear as ill-defined yellow areas of discoloration in the prostate gland lobes. Adenocarcinomas represent the overwhelming majority of prostatic carcinomas. Prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) serum test is widely used as a screening test for the early detection of prostatic carcinoma. Treatment options include radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, androgen ablation and cryotherapy. Watchful waiting or surveillance alone is an option for older patients with low-grade or low-stage disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prostate Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prostate Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Prostate Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Prostate Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Prostate Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Prostate Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prostate Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Prostate cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"prostate cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0600139"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Prostate_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prostate Cancer"}]}}{"C9382":{"preferredName":"Rectal Carcinoma","code":"C9382","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in the tissues of the rectum (the last several inches of the large intestine closest to the anus).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm that arises from the rectum and invades through the muscularis mucosa into the submucosa. The vast majority are adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Rectum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Rectum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Rectum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Rectum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rectal Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rectal Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rectal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Rectal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rectum Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"rectal cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007113"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rectal_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal Cancer"}]}}{"C9118":{"preferredName":"Sarcoma","code":"C9118","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer of the bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm. A general term for which the transformed cell type has not been specified.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A usually aggressive malignant neoplasm of the soft tissue or bone. It arises from muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, bone, cartilage, and blood vessels. Sarcomas occur in both children and adults. The prognosis depends largely on the degree of differentiation (grade) of the neoplasm. Representative subtypes are liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and chondrosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesenchymal Tumor, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesenchymal tumor, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"SAR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of Soft Tissue and Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of Soft Tissue and Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of the Soft Tissue and Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of the Soft Tissue and Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1261473"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8800/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sarcoma_of_the_Soft_Tissue_and_Bone"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesenchymal tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8800/3"}]}}{"C2920":{"preferredName":"Malignant Skin Neoplasm","code":"C2920","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in the tissues of the skin. There are several types of skin cancer. Skin cancer that forms in melanocytes (skin cells that make pigment) is called melanoma. Skin cancer that forms in the lower part of the epidermis (the outer layer of the skin) is called basal cell carcinoma. Skin cancer that forms in squamous cells (flat cells that form the surface of the skin) is called squamous cell carcinoma. Skin cancer that forms in neuroendocrine cells (cells that release hormones in response to signals from the nervous system) is called neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. Most skin cancers form in older people on parts of the body exposed to the sun or in people who have weakened immune systems.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the skin. Primary malignant skin neoplasms most often are carcinomas (either basal cell or squamous cell carcinomas) or melanomas. Metastatic malignant neoplasms to the skin include carcinomas and lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Cancer, Including Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Neoplasm, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"skin cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007114"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Skin_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified malignant neoplasm of overlapping sites of skin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other malignant neoplasms of skin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified malignant neoplasm of scalp and skin of neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified malignant neoplasm of skin of upper limb, including shoulder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified malignant neoplasm of skin of trunk, except scrotum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified malignant neoplasm of skin, site unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unspecified malignant neoplasm of skin, site unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unspecified malignant neoplasm of skin of unspecified part of face"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unspecified malignant neoplasm of skin, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified malignant neoplasm of skin, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unspecified malignant neoplasm of scalp and skin of neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Skin of other and unspecified parts of face"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Skin of lower limb, including hip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Skin of scalp and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Skin of ear and external auricular canal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Malignant neoplasm of skin, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Skin of eyelid, including canthus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified malignant neoplasm of skin of lower limb, including hip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified malignant neoplasm of skin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified malignant neoplasm of skin of other and unspecified parts of face"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Skin of upper limb, including shoulder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Skin of trunk"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified malignant neoplasm of scalp and skin of neck"}]}}{"C3539":{"preferredName":"Malignant Splenic Neoplasm","code":"C3539","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm affecting the spleen. Representative examples include leukemias, lymphomas, and sarcomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of the Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Splenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Splenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Malignant Splenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Splenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spleen Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Spleen Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0153470"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Splenic_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spleen Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Spleen"}]}}{"C9063":{"preferredName":"Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor","code":"C9063","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the testis (one of two egg-shaped glands inside the scrotum that make sperm and male hormones). Testicular cancer usually occurs in young or middle-aged men. Two main types of testicular cancer are seminomas (cancers that grow slowly and are sensitive to radiation therapy) and nonseminomas (different cell types that grow more quickly than seminomas).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor predominantly affecting young men and often associated with cryptorchidism. Seminoma is the most frequently seen malignant testicular germ cell tumor, followed by embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Germ Cell Neoplasm of Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Germ Cell Neoplasm of the Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Germ Cell Tumor of Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Germ Cell Tumor of the Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Testicular Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Testicular Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Testicular Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Germ Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular ca. (no germ/tropho.)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Testicular cancer (excluding germ cell or trophoblastic cancer)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"testicular cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0855197"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Testicular_Germ_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Testicular Cancer"}]}}{"C35506":{"preferredName":"Throat Carcinoma","code":"C35506","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the pharynx (the hollow tube inside the neck that starts behind the nose and ends at the top of the windpipe and esophagus). Throat cancer includes cancer of the nasopharynx (the upper part of the throat behind the nose), the oropharynx (the middle part of the pharynx), and the hypopharynx (the bottom part of the pharynx). Cancer of the larynx (voice box) may also be included as a type of throat cancer. Most throat cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (cancer that begins in thin, flat cells that look like fish scales).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Carcinoma, predominantly squamous cell, arising from epithelial cells of the larynx or pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Throat Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Throat Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Throat Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"throat cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0740339"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Throat_Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Throat Cancer"}]}}{"C4815":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","code":"C4815","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the epithelial cells of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in the thyroid gland (an organ at the base of the throat that makes hormones that help control heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and weight). Four main types of thyroid cancer are papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic thyroid cancer. The four types are based on how the cancer cells look under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the thyroid gland. It includes the following main subtypes: follicular, papillary, medullary, poorly differentiated, and undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THCA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Thyroid cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"thyroid cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0549473"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroid_Carcinoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Thyroid Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thyroid cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thyroid Cancer"}]}}{"C4824":{"preferredName":"Tongue Carcinoma","code":"C4824","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that begins in the tongue. When the cancer begins in the front two-thirds of the tongue, it is considered to be a type of oral cavity cancer; when the cancer begins in the back third of the tongue, it is considered to be a type of oropharyngeal or throat cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium that covers the tongue. The vast majority of tongue carcinomas are moderately or poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tongue Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tongue Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tongue Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tongue Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"tongue cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0558353"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tongue_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tongue Cancer"}]}}{"C4825":{"preferredName":"Tonsillar Carcinoma","code":"C4825","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the tonsilar epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Tonsil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Tonsil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Tonsil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Tonsil","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tonsil Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tonsil Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tonsillar Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tonsillar Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tonsillar Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tonsillar Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0558355"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tonsillar_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tonsillar Cancer"}]}}{"C3552":{"preferredName":"Malignant Uterine Neoplasm","code":"C3552","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the uterus (the small, hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman's pelvis in which a fetus develops). Two types of uterine cancer are endometrial cancer (cancer that begins in cells lining the uterus) and uterine sarcoma (a rare cancer that begins in muscle or other tissues in the uterus).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the uterine corpus and/or the cervix.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Uterine Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Uterine Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Uterine Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Uterine Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Uterine Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Uterine Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"uterine cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0153567"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Uterine_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of isthmus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of uterus, part unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Uterine Cancer"}]}}{"C4817":{"preferredName":"Ewing Sarcoma","code":"C4817","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the bone, or the soft tissue adjacent to bone, that is comprised of primitive neuroectodermal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of cancer that forms in bone or soft tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small round cell tumor that lacks morphologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic evidence of neuroectodermal differentiation. It represents one of the two ends of the spectrum called Ewing sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor. It affects mostly males under age 20, and it can occur in soft tissue or bone. Pain and the presence of a mass are the most common clinical symptoms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ES","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ewing Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ewing Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Ewing Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ewing Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Ewing Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ewing Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ewing Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Ewing sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Ewing sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ewing tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ewing's Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ewing's Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0553580"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9260/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ewing_s_Sarcoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Ewing Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ewing tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ewing sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ewing's sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ewing Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9260/3"}]}}{"C3058":{"preferredName":"Glioblastoma","code":"C3058","definitions":[{"description":"A fast-growing type of central nervous system tumor that forms from glial (supportive) tissue of the brain and spinal cord and has cells that look very different from normal cells. GBM usually occurs in adults and affects the brain more often than the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The most malignant astrocytic tumor (WHO grade IV). It is composed of poorly differentiated neoplastic astrocytes and it is characterized by the presence of cellular polymorphism, nuclear atypia, brisk mitotic activity, vascular thrombosis, microvascular proliferation and necrosis. It typically affects adults and is preferentially located in the cerebral hemispheres. It may develop from diffuse astrocytoma WHO grade II or anaplastic astrocytoma (secondary glioblastoma, IDH-mutant), but more frequently, it manifests after a short clinical history de novo, without evidence of a less malignant precursor lesion (primary glioblastoma, IDH- wildtype). (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS, glioblastoma (GBM)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"GBM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GBM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GBM (Glioblastoma)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma Multiforme","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma Multiforme","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma multiforme","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma multiforme","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade IV Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade IV Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spongioblastoma Multiforme","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spongioblastoma multiforme","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"WHO Grade IV Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"glioblastoma multiforme","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Glioblastoma is not an astrocytoma. It is an astrocytic tumor. The latter includes astrocytomas and glioblastomas. 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Symptoms include sneezing, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea and itching.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Allergic Rhinitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Allergic Rhinitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Allergic Rhinitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Allergic rhinitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541718"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Allergic rhinitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Allergic Rhinitis"}]}}{"C57898":{"preferredName":"Alopecia, CTCAE","code":"C57898","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in density of hair compared to normal for a given individual at a given age and body location.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in 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by systematic and extensive loss of memory.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amnesia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Amnesia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Amnesia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amnesia, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541719"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Amnesia"}]}}{"C143275":{"preferredName":"Anal Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C143275","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the opening in the anal canal to the perianal skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the opening in the anal canal to the perianal skin.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anal fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL546016"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal fistula"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal Fistula"}]}}{"C143276":{"preferredName":"Anal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143276","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the anal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the anal region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541720"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal Hemorrhage"}]}}{"C143277":{"preferredName":"Anal Mucositis, CTCAE","code":"C143277","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the anus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the anus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Mucositis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anal Mucositis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Mucositis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anal mucositis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541721"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal mucositis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal Mucositis"}]}}{"C143278":{"preferredName":"Anal Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143278","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the anal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the anal region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anal Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anal necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541722"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal necrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal Necrosis"}]}}{"C143279":{"preferredName":"Anal Pain, CTCAE","code":"C143279","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the anal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the anal region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anal Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anal pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541723"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal pain"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal Pain"}]}}{"C143280":{"preferredName":"Anal Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143280","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the anal canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the anal canal.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anal stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541724"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal stenosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal Stenosis"}]}}{"C143281":{"preferredName":"Anal Ulcer, CTCAE","code":"C143281","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the anal canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the anal canal.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anal Ulcer, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Ulcer, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anal ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541712"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal ulcer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal Ulcer"}]}}{"C143282":{"preferredName":"Anaphylaxis, CTCAE","code":"C143282","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an acute inflammatory reaction resulting from the release of histamine and histamine-like substances from mast cells, causing a hypersensitivity immune response. Clinically, it presents with breathing difficulty, dizziness, hypotension, cyanosis and loss of consciousness and may lead to death.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an acute inflammatory reaction resulting from the release of histamine and histamine-like substances from mast cells, causing a hypersensitivity immune response. Clinically, it presents with breathing difficulty, dizziness, hypotension, cyanosis and loss of consciousness and may lead to death.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaphylaxis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Anaphylaxis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anaphylaxis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaphylaxis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL546000"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaphylaxis"}]}}{"C143283":{"preferredName":"Anemia, CTCAE","code":"C143283","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the amount of hemoglobin in 100 ml of blood. Signs and symptoms of anemia may include pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, shortness of breath, palpitations of the heart, soft systolic murmurs, lethargy, and fatigability.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the amount of hemoglobin in 100 ml of blood. Signs and symptoms of anemia may include pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, shortness of breath, palpitations of the heart, soft systolic murmurs, lethargy, and fatigability.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anemia, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545972"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anemia"}]}}{"C143284":{"preferredName":"Ankle Fracture, CTCAE","code":"C143284","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the ankle joint characterized by a break in the continuity of the ankle bone. Symptoms include marked discomfort, swelling and difficulty moving the affected leg and foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the ankle joint characterized by a break in the continuity of the ankle bone. Symptoms include marked discomfort, swelling and difficulty moving the affected leg and foot.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ankle Fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ankle Fracture, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ankle Fracture, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ankle fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541713"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ankle fracture"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ankle Fracture"}]}}{"C143285":{"preferredName":"Anorectal Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143285","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the anal area and the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the anal area and the rectum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anorectal Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anorectal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anorectal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anorectal infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541714"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anorectal infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anorectal Infection"}]}}{"C57118":{"preferredName":"Anorexia, CTCAE","code":"C57118","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a loss of appetite.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a loss of appetite.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anorexia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Anorexia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Anorexia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anorexia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anorexia, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963063"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anorexia_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anorexia"}]}}{"C143287":{"preferredName":"Anorgasmia, CTCAE","code":"C143287","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability to achieve orgasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability to achieve orgasm.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anorgasmia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Anorgasmia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anorgasmia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anorgasmia, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541715"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anorgasmia"}]}}{"C146778":{"preferredName":"Anxiety, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146778","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by apprehension of danger and dread accompanied by restlessness, tension, tachycardia, and dyspnea unattached to a clearly identifiable stimulus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by apprehension of danger and dread accompanied by restlessness, tension, tachycardia, and dyspnea unattached to a clearly identifiable stimulus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anxiety","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Anxiety","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anxiety, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anxiety, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544785"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anxiety"}]}}{"C143289":{"preferredName":"Aortic Injury, CTCAE","code":"C143289","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the aorta.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of damage to the aorta.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aortic Injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Aortic Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aortic Injury, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Aortic injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541716"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aortic injury"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aortic Injury"}]}}{"C143290":{"preferredName":"Aortic Valve Disease, CTCAE","code":"C143290","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a defect in aortic valve function or structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a defect in aortic valve function or structure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aortic Valve Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Aortic Valve Disease, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aortic Valve Disease, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Aortic valve disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541717"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aortic valve disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aortic Valve Disease"}]}}{"C143291":{"preferredName":"Aphonia, CTCAE","code":"C143291","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the inability to speak. It may result from injuries to the vocal cords or may be functional (psychogenic).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the inability to speak. It may result from injuries to the vocal cords or may be functional (psychogenic).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aphonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Aphonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Aphonia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aphonia, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541706"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aphonia"}]}}{"C55340":{"preferredName":"Apnea, CTCAE","code":"C55340","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by cessation of breathing.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by cessation of breathing.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Apnea, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apnea, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963065"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Apnea_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Apnea"}]}}{"C143294":{"preferredName":"Appendicitis, CTCAE","code":"C143294","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by acute inflammation to the vermiform appendix caused by a pathogenic agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by acute inflammation to the vermiform appendix caused by a pathogenic agent.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Appendicitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Appendicitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Appendicitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Appendicitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545962"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Appendicitis"}]}}{"C143293":{"preferredName":"Appendicitis Perforated, CTCAE","code":"C143293","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by acute inflammation to the vermiform appendix caused by a pathogenic agent with gangrenous changes resulting in the rupture of the appendiceal wall. The appendiceal wall rupture causes the release of inflammatory and bacterial contents from the appendiceal lumen into the abdominal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by acute inflammation to the vermiform appendix caused by a pathogenic agent with gangrenous changes resulting in the rupture of the appendiceal wall. 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CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541711"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Arthritis"}]}}{"C143300":{"preferredName":"Ascites, CTCAE","code":"C143300","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of serous or hemorrhagic fluid in the peritoneal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of serous or hemorrhagic fluid in the peritoneal cavity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ascites","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Ascites","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ascites, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ascites, 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CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Aspartate aminotransferase increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541699"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aspartate aminotransferase increased"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aspartate Aminotransferase Increased"}]}}{"C28245":{"preferredName":"Aspiration, CTCAE","code":"C28245","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inhalation of solids or liquids into the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"The entry of foreign material past the trachea, and into the lower respiratory tract.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inhalation of solids or liquids into the lungs.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aspiration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 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Typically, this is accompanied by cessation of the pumping function of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia without cardiac electrical activity. Typically, this is accompanied by cessation of the pumping function of the heart.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Asystole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Asystole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Asystole, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Asystole, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544694"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Asystole"}]}}{"C146737":{"preferredName":"Ataxia, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146737","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by lack of coordination of muscle movements resulting in the impairment or inability to perform voluntary activities.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by lack of coordination of muscle movements resulting in the impairment or inability to perform voluntary activities.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ataxia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Ataxia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ataxia, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ataxia, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545970"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ataxia"}]}}{"C58022":{"preferredName":"Atelectasis, CTCAE","code":"C58022","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the collapse of part or the entire lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the collapse of part or the entire lung.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atelectasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Atelectasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Atelectasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Atelectasis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atelectasis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1962948"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atelectasis_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atelectasis"}]}}{"C54767":{"preferredName":"Atrial Fibrillation, CTCAE","code":"C54767","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia without discernible P waves and an irregular ventricular response due to multiple reentry circuits. The rhythm disturbance originates above the ventricles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia without discernible P waves and an irregular ventricular response due to multiple reentry circuits. The rhythm disturbance originates above the ventricles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atrial Fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Atrial Fibrillation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrial Fibrillation, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Atrial fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Atrial fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963067"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atrial_Fibrillation_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atrial fibrillation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atrial Fibrillation"}]}}{"C54768":{"preferredName":"Atrial Flutter, CTCAE","code":"C54768","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with organized rhythmic atrial contractions with a rate of 200-300 beats per minute. The rhythm disturbance originates in the atria.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with organized rhythmic atrial contractions with a rate of 200-300 beats per minute. The rhythm disturbance originates in the atria.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atrial Flutter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Atrial Flutter, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrial Flutter, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Atrial flutter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Atrial flutter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963068"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atrial_Flutter_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atrial flutter"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atrial Flutter"}]}}{"C143308":{"preferredName":"Atrioventricular Block Complete, CTCAE","code":"C143308","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with complete failure of atrial electrical impulse conduction through the AV node to the ventricles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with complete failure of atrial electrical impulse conduction through the AV node to the ventricles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atrioventricular Block Complete","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Atrioventricular Block Complete, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrioventricular Block Complete, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Atrioventricular block complete","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541700"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atrioventricular block complete"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atrioventricular Block Complete"}]}}{"C143309":{"preferredName":"Atrioventricular Block First Degree, CTCAE","code":"C143309","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a delay in the time required for the conduction of an electrical impulse through the atrioventricular (AV) node beyond 0.2 seconds; prolongation of the PR interval greater than 200 milliseconds.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a delay in the time required for the conduction of an electrical impulse through the atrioventricular (AV) node beyond 0.2 seconds; prolongation of the PR interval greater than 200 milliseconds.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atrioventricular Block First Degree","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Atrioventricular Block First Degree, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrioventricular Block First Degree, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Atrioventricular block first degree","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541701"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atrioventricular block first degree"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atrioventricular Block First Degree"}]}}{"C143310":{"preferredName":"Autoimmune Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143310","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by loss of function or tissue destruction of an organ or multiple organs, arising from humoral or cellular immune responses of the individual to his own tissue constituents.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by loss of function or tissue destruction of an organ or multiple organs, arising from humoral or cellular immune responses of the individual to his own tissue constituents.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Autoimmune Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Autoimmune Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Autoimmune Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Autoimmune disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541702"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Autoimmune disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Autoimmune Disorder"}]}}{"C143311":{"preferredName":"Avascular Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143311","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by necrotic changes in the bone tissue due to interruption of blood supply. 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This results in a decrease in visual acuity and eventual blindness if untreated.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by partial or complete opacity of the crystalline lens of one or both eyes. This results in a decrease in visual acuity and eventual blindness if untreated.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cataract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Cataract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cataract, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cataract, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545895"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cataract"}]}}{"C143356":{"preferredName":"Catheter Related Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143356","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process that arises secondary to catheter use.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process that arises secondary to catheter use.","attr":"CTCAE 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levels of CD4 lymphocytes in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD4 Lymphocytes Decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD4 Lymphocytes Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD4 Lymphocytes Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD4 lymphocytes decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541777"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD4 lymphocytes decreased"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD4 Lymphocytes Decreased"}]}}{"C143358":{"preferredName":"Cecal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143358","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the cecum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the cecum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cecal Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cecal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cecal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cecal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541778"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cecal hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cecal Hemorrhage"}]}}{"C143359":{"preferredName":"Cecal Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143359","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the cecum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the cecum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cecal Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cecal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cecal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cecal infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541779"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cecal infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cecal Infection"}]}}{"C143360":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143360","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the brain and/or spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the brain and/or spinal cord.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Central Nervous System 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5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cerebrospinal fluid leakage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541781"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cerebrospinal fluid leakage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage"}]}}{"C143362":{"preferredName":"Cervicitis Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143362","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the uterine cervix.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the uterine cervix.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervicitis Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cervicitis Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervicitis Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cervicitis infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541782"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cervicitis infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cervicitis Infection"}]}}{"C57901":{"preferredName":"Cheilitis, CTCAE","code":"C57901","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the lip.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the lip.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cheilitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Cheilitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Cheilitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cheilitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cheilitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1962954"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cheilitis_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cheilitis"}]}}{"C143364":{"preferredName":"Chest Pain - Cardiac, CTCAE","code":"C143364","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by substernal discomfort due to insufficient myocardial oxygenation e.g., angina pectoris.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by substernal discomfort due to insufficient myocardial oxygenation e.g., angina pectoris.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chest 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It may be associated with the presence of gallstones.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving the gallbladder. It may be associated with the presence of gallstones.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cholecystitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Cholecystitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cholecystitis, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholecystitis, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544777"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cholecystitis"}]}}{"C143368":{"preferredName":"Cholesterol High, CTCAE","code":"C143368","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate higher than normal levels of cholesterol in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate higher than normal levels of cholesterol in a blood 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CTCAE","code":"C143393","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the bladder which is not caused by an infection of the urinary tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the bladder which is not caused by an infection of the urinary tract.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystitis Noninfective","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cystitis Noninfective, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystitis Noninfective, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cystitis noninfective","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541758"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystitis noninfective"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystitis 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There is an increase in the risk of hemorrhage as the body is depleted of platelets and coagulation factors.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by systemic pathological activation of blood clotting mechanisms which results in clot formation throughout the body. 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coagulation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation"}]}}{"C146747":{"preferredName":"Dizziness, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146747","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a disturbing sensation of lightheadedness, unsteadiness, giddiness, spinning or rocking.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a disturbing sensation of lightheadedness, unsteadiness, giddiness, spinning or rocking.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dizziness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Dizziness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Dizziness, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dizziness, CTCAE 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5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963094"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dry_Skin_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dry Skin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dry skin"}]}}{"C57789":{"preferredName":"Duodenal Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C57789","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the duodenum and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the duodenum and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duodenal Fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Duodenal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duodenal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Duodenal fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Duodenum fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1962984"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Duodenum_Fistula_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Duodenal Fistula"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Duodenal fistula"}]}}{"C143414":{"preferredName":"Duodenal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143414","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the duodenum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duodenal Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Duodenal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duodenal Hemorrhage, 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5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541744"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Duodenal perforation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Duodenal Perforation"}]}}{"C143418":{"preferredName":"Duodenal Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143418","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the duodenum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duodenal Stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Duodenal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duodenal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Duodenal stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 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5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gallbladder Fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Gallbladder fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Gallbladder fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963110"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gallbladder_Fistula_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gallbladder Fistula"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gallbladder fistula"}]}}{"C143497":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143497","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the gallbladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder 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gallbladder.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gallbladder Necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Necrosis, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Necrosis, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Gallbladder necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544698"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gallbladder necrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gallbladder Necrosis"}]}}{"C57810":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C57810","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents of the gallbladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents of the 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CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastric Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Gastric stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541792"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastric stenosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastric Stenosis"}]}}{"C143504":{"preferredName":"Gastric Ulcer, CTCAE","code":"C143504","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the stomach.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric Ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gastric Ulcer, 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3.0"},{"termName":"Gastritis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastritis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1560435"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gastritis_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastritis"}]}}{"C143506":{"preferredName":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, CTCAE","code":"C143506","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by reflux of the gastric and/or duodenal contents into the distal esophagus. 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Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143513","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions - Other","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"General disorders and administration site conditions - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541784"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"General disorders and administration site conditions - Other, specify"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions - Other"}]}}{"C143514":{"preferredName":"Generalized Muscle Weakness, CTCAE","code":"C143514","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of muscles in multiple anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of muscles in multiple anatomic sites.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Generalized Muscle Weakness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Generalized Muscle Weakness, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Generalized Muscle Weakness, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Generalized muscle weakness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541785"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Generalized muscle weakness"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Generalized Muscle Weakness"}]}}{"C143515":{"preferredName":"Genital Edema, CTCAE","code":"C143515","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to an excessive accumulation of fluid in the genitals.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by swelling due to an excessive accumulation of fluid in the genitals.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genital Edema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Genital Edema, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genital Edema, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Genital edema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541786"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Genital edema"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Genital Edema"}]}}{"C143516":{"preferredName":"GGT Increased, CTCAE","code":"C143516","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate higher than normal levels of the enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase in the blood specimen. GGT (gamma-glutamyltransferase ) catalyzes the transfer of a gamma glutamyl group from a gamma glutamyl peptide to another peptide, amino acids or water.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate higher than normal levels of the enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase in the blood specimen. GGT (gamma-glutamyltransferase ) catalyzes the transfer of a gamma glutamyl group from a gamma glutamyl peptide to another peptide, amino acids or water.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GGT Increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"GGT Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GGT Increased, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"GGT increased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541787"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"GGT increased"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"GGT Increased"}]}}{"C146626":{"preferredName":"Gingival Pain, CTCAE","code":"C146626","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the gingival region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized 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This is attributed to a spasm of the diaphragm.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by repeated gulp sounds that result from an involuntary opening and closing of the glottis. 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This results in hypercalcemia (abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in production of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid glands. This results in hypercalcemia (abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyperparathyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hyperparathyroidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hyperparathyroidism, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hyperparathyroidism, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541878"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hyperparathyroidism"}]}}{"C143558":{"preferredName":"Hypersomnia, CTCAE","code":"C143558","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by characterized by excessive sleepiness during the daytime.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by characterized by excessive sleepiness during the daytime.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypersomnia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypersomnia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hypersomnia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypersomnia, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541879"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hypersomnia"}]}}{"C55060":{"preferredName":"Hypertension, CTCAE","code":"C55060","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a pathological increase in blood pressure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a pathological increase in blood pressure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hypertension, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypertension, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963138"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hypertension_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hypertension"}]}}{"C143560":{"preferredName":"Hyperthyroidism, CTCAE","code":"C143560","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive levels of thyroid hormone in the body. 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5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541995"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nipple deformity"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nipple Deformity"}]}}{"C143707":{"preferredName":"Non-Cardiac Chest Pain, CTCAE","code":"C143707","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the chest unrelated to a heart disorder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the chest unrelated to a heart disorder.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Cardiac Chest Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Non-Cardiac Chest Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Cardiac Chest Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Non-cardiac chest pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541996"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-cardiac chest pain"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-Cardiac Chest Pain"}]}}{"C146775":{"preferredName":"Nystagmus, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146775","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by involuntary movements of the eyeballs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by involuntary movements of the eyeballs.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nystagmus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Nystagmus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nystagmus, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nystagmus, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544783"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nystagmus"}]}}{"C55334":{"preferredName":"Obesity, CTCAE","code":"C55334","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by having a high amount of body fat.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by having a high amount of body fat.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Obesity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Obesity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Obesity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Obesity, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Obesity, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963185"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Obesity_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Obesity"}]}}{"C143710":{"preferredName":"Obstruction Gastric, CTCAE","code":"C143710","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents in the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents in the stomach.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Obstruction Gastric","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Obstruction Gastric, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Obstruction Gastric, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Obstruction gastric","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541997"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Obstruction gastric"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Obstruction Gastric"}]}}{"C143711":{"preferredName":"Oculomotor Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143711","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the oculomotor nerve (third cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the oculomotor nerve (third cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oculomotor Nerve Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oculomotor Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oculomotor Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Oculomotor nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541984"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oculomotor nerve disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oculomotor Nerve Disorder"}]}}{"C143712":{"preferredName":"Olfactory Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143712","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the olfactory nerve (first cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the olfactory nerve (first cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Olfactory Nerve Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Olfactory Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olfactory Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Olfactory nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541985"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Olfactory nerve disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Olfactory Nerve Disorder"}]}}{"C143713":{"preferredName":"Oligospermia, CTCAE","code":"C143713","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in the number of spermatozoa in the semen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a decrease in the number of spermatozoa in the semen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oligospermia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Oligospermia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oligospermia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligospermia, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541986"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oligospermia"}]}}{"C143714":{"preferredName":"Optic Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143714","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by involvement of the optic nerve (second cranial nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by involvement of the optic nerve (second cranial nerve).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Optic Nerve Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Optic Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Optic Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Optic nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545955"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Optic nerve disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Optic Nerve Disorder"}]}}{"C143715":{"preferredName":"Oral Cavity Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C143715","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the oral cavity and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the oral cavity and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Cavity Fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oral Cavity Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Cavity Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Oral cavity fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541987"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oral cavity fistula"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oral Cavity Fistula"}]}}{"C143716":{"preferredName":"Oral Dysesthesia, CTCAE","code":"C143716","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a burning or tingling sensation on the lips, tongue or entire mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a burning or tingling sensation on the lips, tongue or entire mouth.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Dysesthesia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oral Dysesthesia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Dysesthesia, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Oral 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5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1560644"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Cavity_Adverse_Event_Hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oral Hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oral hemorrhage"}]}}{"C146627":{"preferredName":"Oral Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146627","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the mouth, tongue or lips.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the mouth, tongue or lips.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oral Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Oral pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544674"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oral pain"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oral Pain"}]}}{"C143717":{"preferredName":"Osteonecrosis of Jaw, CTCAE","code":"C143717","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the bone of the mandible.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the bone of the mandible.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Osteonecrosis of Jaw","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Osteonecrosis of Jaw, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteonecrosis of Jaw, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Osteonecrosis of jaw","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541989"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteonecrosis of jaw"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteonecrosis of Jaw"}]}}{"C146767":{"preferredName":"Osteoporosis, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146767","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by reduced bone mass, with a decrease in cortical thickness and in the number and size of the trabeculae of cancellous bone (but normal chemical composition), resulting in increased fracture incidence.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by reduced bone mass, with a decrease in cortical thickness and in the number and size of the trabeculae of cancellous bone (but normal chemical composition), resulting in increased fracture incidence.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Osteoporosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 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ear.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Otitis Media","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Otitis Media, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Otitis Media, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Otitis media","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541977"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Otitis media"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Otitis Media"}]}}{"C56553":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56553","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the ovary.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ovarian Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ovarian hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Ovary hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963125"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovary_Hemorrhage_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ovarian Hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ovarian hemorrhage"}]}}{"C143721":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143721","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the ovary.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian 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CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Rupture, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ovarian rupture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541979"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ovarian rupture"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ovarian Rupture"}]}}{"C146769":{"preferredName":"Ovulation Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146769","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in one side of the abdomen between menstrual cycles, around the time of the discharge of the ovum from the ovarian follicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in one side of the abdomen between menstrual cycles, around the time of the discharge of the ovum from the ovarian follicle.","attr":"CTCAE 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5.0"},{"termName":"Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pain, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL550641"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pain"}]}}{"C143723":{"preferredName":"Pain In Extremity, CTCAE","code":"C143723","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the upper or lower extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the upper or lower extremities.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pain In Extremity, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pain In Extremity, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pain in Extremity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pain in extremity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541980"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pain in extremity"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pain in Extremity"}]}}{"C143724":{"preferredName":"Pain of Skin, CTCAE","code":"C143724","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the skin.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pain of Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pain of Skin, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pain of Skin, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pain of skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541981"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pain of skin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pain of Skin"}]}}{"C143726":{"preferredName":"Palmar-Plantar Erythrodysesthesia Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C143726","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by redness, marked discomfort, swelling, and tingling in the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet. Also known as Hand-Foot Syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by redness, marked discomfort, swelling, and tingling in the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet. Also known as Hand-Foot Syndrome.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Palmar-Plantar Erythrodysesthesia Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Palmar-Plantar Erythrodysesthesia Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palmar-Plantar Erythrodysesthesia Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541982"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Palmar-Plantar Erythrodysesthesia Syndrome"}]}}{"C54935":{"preferredName":"Palpitations, CTCAE","code":"C54935","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an unpleasant sensation of irregular and/or forceful beating of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an unpleasant sensation of irregular and/or forceful beating of the heart.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Palpitations","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Palpitations","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Palpitations","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Palpitations, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Palpitations, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3160712"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Palpitations_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Palpitations"}]}}{"C143728":{"preferredName":"Pancreas Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143728","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the pancreas.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreas Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreas Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreas Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pancreas infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541983"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreas infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreas Infection"}]}}{"C143729":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143729","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a pancreatic anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a pancreatic anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Anastomotic Leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pancreatic anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541970"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatic anastomotic leak"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatic Anastomotic Leak"}]}}{"C143730":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Duct Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143730","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the pancreatic duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the pancreatic duct.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Duct Stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Duct Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Duct Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pancreatic duct stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541971"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatic duct stenosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatic Duct Stenosis"}]}}{"C143731":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Enzymes Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143731","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of pancreatic enzymes in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of pancreatic enzymes in a biological specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Enzymes Decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Enzymes Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Enzymes Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pancreatic enzymes decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541972"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatic enzymes decreased"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatic Enzymes Decreased"}]}}{"C57845":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Fistula, 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5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963128"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreas_Hemorrhage_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatic Hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatic hemorrhage"}]}}{"C143732":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143732","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the pancreas.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pancreatic necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541973"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatic necrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatic Necrosis"}]}}{"C146789":{"preferredName":"Pancreatitis, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146789","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the pancreas with no documented pancreas infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation of the pancreas with no documented pancreas infection.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Pancreatitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatitis, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatitis, CTCAE 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The rhythm disturbance originates in the atria.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with abrupt onset and sudden termination of atrial contractions with a rate of 150-250 beats per minute. The rhythm disturbance originates in the atria.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541964"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia"}]}}{"C143739":{"preferredName":"Pelvic Floor Muscle Weakness, CTCAE","code":"C143739","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a reduction in the strength of the muscles of the pelvic floor.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder 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an infectious process involving the penis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Penile Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Penile Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Penile Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Penile infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541966"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Penile infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Penile Infection"}]}}{"C146680":{"preferredName":"Penile Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146680","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the penis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the penis.","attr":"CTCAE 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5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Portal Vein Thrombosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Portal Vein Thrombosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Portal Vein Thrombosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Portal vein thrombosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542060"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Portal vein thrombosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Portal Vein Thrombosis"}]}}{"C143771":{"preferredName":"Postnasal Drip, CTCAE","code":"C143771","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive mucous secretion in the back of the nasal cavity or throat, causing sore throat and/or coughing.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive mucous secretion in the back of the nasal cavity or throat, causing sore throat and/or coughing.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Postnasal Drip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Postnasal Drip, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Postnasal Drip, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Postnasal drip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542061"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Postnasal drip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Postnasal Drip"}]}}{"C143772":{"preferredName":"Postoperative Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C143772","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding occurring after a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding occurring after a surgical procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Postoperative Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Postoperative Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Postoperative Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Postoperative hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542062"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Postoperative hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Postoperative Hemorrhage"}]}}{"C143773":{"preferredName":"Postoperative Thoracic Procedure Complication, CTCAE","code":"C143773","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of a previously undocumented problem that occurs after a thoracic procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of a previously undocumented problem that occurs after a thoracic procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Postoperative Thoracic Procedure Complication","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Postoperative Thoracic Procedure Complication, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Postoperative Thoracic Procedure Complication, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Postoperative thoracic procedure complication","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542063"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Postoperative thoracic procedure complication"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Postoperative Thoracic Procedure Complication"}]}}{"C146645":{"preferredName":"Precocious Puberty, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146645","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by unusually early development of secondary sexual features; the onset of sexual maturation begins usually before age 8 for girls and before age 9 for boys.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by unusually early development of secondary sexual features; the onset of sexual maturation begins usually before age 8 for girls and before age 9 for boys.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Precocious Puberty","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Precocious Puberty, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precocious Puberty, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Precocious puberty","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544661"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Precocious Puberty"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Precocious puberty"}]}}{"C143775":{"preferredName":"Pregnancy, Puerperium and Perinatal Conditions - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143775","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pregnancy, Puerperium and Perinatal Conditions - Other","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pregnancy, Puerperium and Perinatal Conditions - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pregnancy, Puerperium and Perinatal Conditions - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542064"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions - Other, specify"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pregnancy, Puerperium and Perinatal Conditions - Other"}]}}{"C143776":{"preferredName":"Premature Delivery, CTCAE","code":"C143776","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by delivery of a viable infant before the normal end of gestation. Typically, viability is achievable between the twentieth and thirty-seventh week of gestation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by delivery of a viable infant before the normal end of gestation. Typically, viability is achievable between the twentieth and thirty-seventh week of gestation.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Premature Delivery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Premature Delivery, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Premature Delivery, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Premature delivery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542049"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Premature delivery"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Premature Delivery"}]}}{"C143777":{"preferredName":"Premature Menopause, CTCAE","code":"C143777","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by premature ovarian failure. Symptoms may include hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, and a decrease in sex drive. Laboratory findings include elevated luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH.)","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by premature ovarian failure. Symptoms may include hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, and a decrease in sex drive. Laboratory findings include elevated luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH.)","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Premature Menopause","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Premature Menopause, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Premature Menopause, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Premature menopause","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542050"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Premature menopause"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Premature Menopause"}]}}{"C143778":{"preferredName":"Presyncope, CTCAE","code":"C143778","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an episode of lightheadedness and dizziness which may precede an episode of syncope.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder 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3.0"},{"termName":"Proctitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Proctitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Proctitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proctitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963216"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Proctitis_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Proctitis"}]}}{"C143780":{"preferredName":"Productive Cough, CTCAE","code":"C143780","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by expectorated secretions upon coughing.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by expectorated secretions upon coughing.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Productive Cough","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Productive Cough, 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CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Prostate infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542055"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prostate infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prostate Infection"}]}}{"C56552":{"preferredName":"Prostatic Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56552","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the prostate gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the prostate gland.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Prostate hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Prostatic Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Prostatic Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostatic Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Prostatic hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963129"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Prostate_Hemorrhage_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prostatic Hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prostatic hemorrhage"}]}}{"C143784":{"preferredName":"Prostatic Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C143784","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by compression of the urethra secondary to enlargement of the prostate gland. This results in voiding difficulties (straining to void, slow urine stream, and incomplete emptying of the bladder).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by compression of the urethra secondary to enlargement of the prostate gland. This results in voiding difficulties (straining to void, slow urine stream, and incomplete emptying of the bladder).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Prostatic Obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Prostatic Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostatic Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Prostatic obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542056"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prostatic obstruction"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prostatic Obstruction"}]}}{"C146664":{"preferredName":"Prostatic Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146664","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the prostate gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the prostate gland.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Prostatic Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Prostatic Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostatic Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Prostatic pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544648"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prostatic Pain"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prostatic pain"}]}}{"C146758":{"preferredName":"Proteinuria, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146758","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate the presence of excessive protein in the urine. It is predominantly albumin, but also globulin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate the presence of excessive protein in the urine. It is predominantly albumin, but also globulin.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Proteinuria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Proteinuria","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Proteinuria, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proteinuria, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544796"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Proteinuria"}]}}{"C58006":{"preferredName":"Pruritus, CTCAE","code":"C58006","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an intense itching sensation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an intense itching sensation.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pruritus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Pruritus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pruritus, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pruritus, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pruritus/itching","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1559138"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pruritus_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pruritus"}]}}{"C143787":{"preferredName":"Psychiatric Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143787","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Psychiatric Disorders - Other","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Psychiatric Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Psychiatric Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Psychiatric disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542043"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Psychiatric disorders - Other, specify"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Psychiatric Disorders - Other"}]}}{"C143788":{"preferredName":"Psychosis, CTCAE","code":"C143788","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by personality change, impaired functioning, and loss of touch with reality. It may be a manifestation of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or brain tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by personality change, impaired functioning, and loss of touch with reality. It may be a manifestation of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or brain tumor.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Psychosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Psychosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Psychosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Psychosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545977"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Psychosis"}]}}{"C143789":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Edema, CTCAE","code":"C143789","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of fluid in the lung tissues that causes a disturbance of the gas exchange that may lead to respiratory failure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by accumulation of fluid in the lung tissues that causes a disturbance of the gas exchange that may lead to respiratory failure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Edema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Edema, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Edema, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pulmonary edema","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542044"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary edema"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary Edema"}]}}{"C143790":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Fibrosis, CTCAE","code":"C143790","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the replacement of the lung tissue by connective tissue, leading to progressive dyspnea, respiratory failure or right heart failure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the replacement of the lung tissue by connective tissue, leading to progressive dyspnea, respiratory failure or right heart failure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Fibrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Fibrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pulmonary fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542045"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary fibrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary Fibrosis"}]}}{"C143791":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C143791","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the lung and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the lung and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pulmonary fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542046"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary fistula"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary Fistula"}]}}{"C55068":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Hypertension, CTCAE","code":"C55068","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in pressure within the pulmonary circulation due to lung or heart disorder.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in pressure within the pulmonary circulation due to lung or heart disorder.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Hypertension, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Hypertension, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pulmonary hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Pulmonary hypertension","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963220"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pulmonary_Hypertension_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary Hypertension"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary hypertension"}]}}{"C143793":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Valve Disease, CTCAE","code":"C143793","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a defect in pulmonary valve function or structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a defect in pulmonary valve function or structure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Valve Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Valve Disease, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Valve Disease, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pulmonary valve disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542047"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary valve disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary Valve Disease"}]}}{"C143794":{"preferredName":"Purpura, CTCAE","code":"C143794","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by hemorrhagic areas of the skin and mucous membrane. Newer lesions appear reddish in color. Older lesions are usually a darker purple color and eventually become a brownish-yellow color.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by hemorrhagic areas of the skin and mucous membrane. Newer lesions appear reddish in color. Older lesions are usually a darker purple color and eventually become a brownish-yellow color.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Purpura, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purpura, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545981"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Purpura"}]}}{"C143795":{"preferredName":"Pyramidal Tract Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C143795","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the corticospinal (pyramidal) tracts of the spinal cord. Symptoms include an increase in the muscle tone in the lower extremities, hyperreflexia, positive Babinski and a decrease in fine motor coordination.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the corticospinal (pyramidal) tracts of the spinal cord. Symptoms include an increase in the muscle tone in the lower extremities, hyperreflexia, positive Babinski and a decrease in fine motor coordination.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pyramidal Tract Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pyramidal Tract Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pyramidal Tract Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pyramidal tract syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542048"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pyramidal tract syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pyramidal Tract Syndrome"}]}}{"C143796":{"preferredName":"Radiation Recall Reaction (Dermatologic), CTCAE","code":"C143796","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of acute skin inflammatory reaction caused by drugs, especially chemotherapeutic agents, for weeks or months following radiotherapy. The inflammatory reaction is confined to the previously irradiated skin and the symptoms disappear after the removal of the pharmaceutical agent.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of acute skin inflammatory reaction caused by drugs, especially chemotherapeutic agents, for weeks or months following radiotherapy. The inflammatory reaction is confined to the previously irradiated skin and the symptoms disappear after the removal of the pharmaceutical agent.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Radiation Recall Reaction (Dermatologic)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Radiation Recall Reaction (Dermatologic), CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiation Recall Reaction (Dermatologic), CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Radiation recall reaction (dermatologic)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542036"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Radiation recall reaction (dermatologic)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Radiation Recall Reaction (Dermatologic)"}]}}{"C143797":{"preferredName":"Radiculitis, CTCAE","code":"C143797","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving a nerve root. Patients experience marked discomfort radiating along a nerve path because of spinal pressure on the connecting nerve root.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving a nerve root. Patients experience marked discomfort radiating along a nerve path because of spinal pressure on the connecting nerve root.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Radiculitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Radiculitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Radiculitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radiculitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542037"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Radiculitis"}]}}{"C143798":{"preferredName":"Rash Acneiform, CTCAE","code":"C143798","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an eruption of papules and pustules, typically appearing in face, scalp, upper chest and back.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an eruption of papules and pustules, typically appearing in face, scalp, upper chest and back.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rash Acneiform","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rash Acneiform, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rash Acneiform, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rash acneiform","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542038"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rash acneiform"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rash Acneiform"}]}}{"C143799":{"preferredName":"Rash Maculo-Papular, CTCAE","code":"C143799","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of macules (flat) and papules (elevated). Also known as morbillform rash, it is one of the most common cutaneous adverse events, frequently affecting the upper trunk, spreading centripetally and associated with pruritis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of macules (flat) and papules (elevated). Also known as morbillform rash, it is one of the most common cutaneous adverse events, frequently affecting the upper trunk, spreading centripetally and associated with pruritis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rash Maculo-Papular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rash Maculo-Papular, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rash Maculo-Papular, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rash maculo-papular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542039"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rash maculo-papular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rash Maculo-Papular"}]}}{"C143800":{"preferredName":"Rash Pustular, CTCAE","code":"C143800","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed and elevated skin lesion filled with pus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed and elevated skin lesion filled with pus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rash Pustular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rash Pustular, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rash Pustular, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rash pustular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542040"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rash pustular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rash Pustular"}]}}{"C143801":{"preferredName":"Rectal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143801","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a rectal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a rectal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Anastomotic Leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rectal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rectal anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL546006"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal anastomotic leak"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal Anastomotic Leak"}]}}{"C57859":{"preferredName":"Rectal Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C57859","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the rectum and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between the rectum and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rectal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rectal fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Rectum fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963224"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rectum_Fistula_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal Fistula"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal fistula"}]}}{"C56560":{"preferredName":"Rectal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56560","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the rectal wall and discharged from the anus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the rectal wall and discharged from the anus.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rectal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rectal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Rectum hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1962965"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rectum_Hemorrhage_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal Hemorrhage"}]}}{"C143802":{"preferredName":"Rectal Mucositis, CTCAE","code":"C143802","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the rectum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Mucositis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rectal Mucositis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Mucositis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rectal mucositis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542041"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal mucositis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal Mucositis"}]}}{"C57863":{"preferredName":"Rectal Necrosis, CTCAE","code":"C57863","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the rectal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the rectal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rectal Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Necrosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rectal necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Rectum necrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1556521"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rectum_Necrosis_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal Necrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal necrosis"}]}}{"C57864":{"preferredName":"Rectal Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C57864","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents in the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents in the rectum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rectal Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rectal obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"rectum obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1406054"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rectum_Obstruction_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal Obstruction"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal obstruction"}]}}{"C146631":{"preferredName":"Rectal Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146631","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the rectal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the rectal region.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rectal Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rectal pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544677"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal Pain"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal pain"}]}}{"C146634":{"preferredName":"Rectal Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146634","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the rectal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the rectal wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rectal Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rectal perforation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544666"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal perforation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal Perforation"}]}}{"C143803":{"preferredName":"Rectal Stenosis, CTCAE","code":"C143803","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the lumen of the rectum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rectal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rectal stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542042"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal stenosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal Stenosis"}]}}{"C57867":{"preferredName":"Rectal Ulcer, CTCAE","code":"C57867","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the rectum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the rectum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectal Ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rectal Ulcer, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rectal Ulcer, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rectal ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Rectum ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963258"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rectum_Ulcer_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal Ulcer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rectal ulcer"}]}}{"C143804":{"preferredName":"Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy, CTCAE","code":"C143804","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542028"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy"}]}}{"C143805":{"preferredName":"Renal and Urinary Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143805","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Renal and Urinary Disorders - Other","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Renal and Urinary Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal and Urinary Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Renal and urinary disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542029"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal and urinary disorders - Other, specify"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal and Urinary Disorders - Other"}]}}{"C143806":{"preferredName":"Renal Calculi, CTCAE","code":"C143806","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the formation of crystals/kidney stones in the pelvis of the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the formation of crystals/kidney stones in the pelvis of the kidney.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Renal Calculi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Renal Calculi, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Calculi, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Renal calculi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542030"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal calculi"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal Calculi"}]}}{"C143807":{"preferredName":"Renal Colic, CTCAE","code":"C143807","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by paroxysmal and severe flank marked discomfort radiating to the inguinal area. Often, the cause is the passage of crystals/kidney stones.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by paroxysmal and severe flank marked discomfort radiating to the inguinal area. Often, the cause is the passage of crystals/kidney stones.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Renal Colic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Renal Colic, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Colic, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Renal colic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542031"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal colic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal Colic"}]}}{"C56544":{"preferredName":"Renal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","code":"C56544","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the kidney.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kidney hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Renal Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Renal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Renal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963127"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Kidney_Hemorrhage_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal Hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal hemorrhage"}]}}{"C143808":{"preferredName":"Reproductive System and Breast Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143808","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Reproductive System and Breast Disorders - Other","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Reproductive System and Breast Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reproductive System and Breast Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Reproductive system and breast disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542032"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reproductive system and breast disorders - Other, specify"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reproductive System and Breast Disorders - Other"}]}}{"C143809":{"preferredName":"Respiratory Failure, CTCAE","code":"C143809","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by impaired gas exchange by the respiratory system resulting in hypoxia and a decrease in oxygenation of the tissues that may be associated with an increase in arterial levels of carbon dioxide.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by impaired gas exchange by the respiratory system resulting in hypoxia and a decrease in oxygenation of the tissues that may be associated with an increase in arterial levels of carbon dioxide.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Respiratory Failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Respiratory Failure, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Respiratory Failure, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Respiratory failure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542033"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Respiratory failure"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Respiratory Failure"}]}}{"C143810":{"preferredName":"Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","code":"C143810","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders - Other","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders - Other, Specify, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders - Other, specify","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542034"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders - Other, specify"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders - Other"}]}}{"C143811":{"preferredName":"Restlessness, CTCAE","code":"C143811","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability to rest, relax or be still.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability to rest, relax or be still.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Restlessness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Restlessness","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Restlessness, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Restlessness, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542035"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Restlessness"}]}}{"C55069":{"preferredName":"Restrictive Cardiomyopathy, CTCAE","code":"C55069","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability of the ventricles to fill with blood because the myocardium (heart muscle) stiffens and loses its flexibility.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an inability of the ventricles to fill with blood because the myocardium (heart muscle) stiffens and loses its flexibility.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Restrictive Cardiomyopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Restrictive Cardiomyopathy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Restrictive Cardiomyopathy, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Restrictive cardiomyopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Restrictive cardiomyopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963079"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Restrictive_Cardiomyopathy_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Restrictive Cardiomyopathy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Restrictive cardiomyopathy"}]}}{"C146729":{"preferredName":"Retinal Detachment, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146729","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the separation of the inner retina layers from the underlying pigment epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the separation of the inner retina layers from the underlying pigment epithelium.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinal Detachment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Retinal Detachment, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinal Detachment, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Retinal detachment","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544707"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinal detachment"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinal Detachment"}]}}{"C143814":{"preferredName":"Retinal Tear, CTCAE","code":"C143814","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a small laceration of the retina, this occurs when the vitreous separates from the retina. Symptoms include flashes and floaters.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a small laceration of the retina, this occurs when the vitreous separates from the retina. Symptoms include flashes and floaters.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinal Tear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Retinal Tear, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinal Tear, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Retinal tear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542020"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinal tear"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinal Tear"}]}}{"C143815":{"preferredName":"Retinal Vascular Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143815","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by pathological retinal blood vessels that adversely affects vision.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by pathological retinal blood vessels that adversely affects vision.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinal Vascular Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Retinal Vascular Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinal Vascular Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Retinal vascular disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542021"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinal vascular disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinal Vascular Disorder"}]}}{"C56635":{"preferredName":"Retinoic Acid Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C56635","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by weight gain, dyspnea, pleural and pericardial effusions, leukocytosis and/or renal failure originally described in patients treated with all-trans retinoic acid.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by weight gain, dyspnea, pleural and pericardial effusions, leukocytosis and/or renal failure originally described in patients treated with all-trans retinoic acid.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinoic Acid Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Retinoic Acid Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinoic Acid Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Retinoic acid syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Retinoic acid syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1962967"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retinoic_Acid_Syndrome_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinoic Acid Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinoic acid syndrome"}]}}{"C55891":{"preferredName":"Retinopathy, CTCAE","code":"C55891","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder involving the retina.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder involving the retina.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Retinopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Retinopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Retinopathy, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinopathy, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1962966"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retinopathy_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinopathy"}]}}{"C146632":{"preferredName":"Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146632","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the retroperitoneal area.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding from the retroperitoneal area.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Retroperitoneal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544678"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retroperitoneal hemorrhage"}]}}{"C143818":{"preferredName":"Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C143818","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by headaches, mental status changes, visual disturbances, and/or seizures associated with imaging findings of posterior leukoencephalopathy. It has been observed in association with hypertensive encephalopathy, eclampsia, and immunosuppressive and cytotoxic drug treatment. It is an acute or subacute reversible condition. Also known as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by headaches, mental status changes, visual disturbances, and/or seizures associated with imaging findings of posterior leukoencephalopathy. It has been observed in association with hypertensive encephalopathy, eclampsia, and immunosuppressive and cytotoxic drug treatment. It is an acute or subacute reversible condition. Also known as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542022"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome"}]}}{"C143819":{"preferredName":"Rhinitis Infective, CTCAE","code":"C143819","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the nasal mucosal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the nasal mucosal.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rhinitis Infective","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rhinitis Infective, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhinitis Infective, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rhinitis infective","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542023"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rhinitis infective"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rhinitis Infective"}]}}{"C55070":{"preferredName":"Right Ventricular Dysfunction, CTCAE","code":"C55070","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by impairment of right ventricular function associated with low ejection fraction and a decrease in motility of the right ventricular wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by impairment of right ventricular function associated with low ejection fraction and a decrease in motility of the right ventricular wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Right Ventricular Dysfunction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Right Ventricular Dysfunction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Right Ventricular Dysfunction, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Right ventricular dysfunction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Right ventricular dysfunction (cor pulmonale)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1556315"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept 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5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542024"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Salivary duct inflammation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Salivary Duct Inflammation"}]}}{"C57868":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Fistula, CTCAE","code":"C57868","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between a salivary gland and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between a salivary gland and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Salivary Gland Fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Fistula, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Salivary gland fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Salivary gland fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700637"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Salivary_Gland_Fistula"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Salivary Gland Fistula"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Salivary gland fistula"}]}}{"C143822":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143822","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the salivary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the salivary gland.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Salivary Gland Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Salivary gland infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542025"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Salivary gland infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Salivary Gland Infection"}]}}{"C146772":{"preferredName":"Scalp Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146772","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the skin covering the top and the back of the head.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the skin covering the top and the back of the head.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Scalp Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Scalp Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scalp Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Scalp pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544780"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Scalp pain"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Scalp Pain"}]}}{"C143823":{"preferredName":"Scleral Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143823","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by involvement of the sclera of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by involvement of the sclera of the eye.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Scleral Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Scleral Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scleral Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Scleral disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542026"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Scleral disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Scleral Disorder"}]}}{"C143824":{"preferredName":"Scoliosis, CTCAE","code":"C143824","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a malformed, lateral curvature of the spine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a malformed, lateral curvature of the spine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Scoliosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Scoliosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Scoliosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scoliosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542027"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Scoliosis"}]}}{"C143825":{"preferredName":"Scrotal Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143825","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the scrotum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the scrotum.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Scrotal Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Scrotal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scrotal Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Scrotal infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 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CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545911"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sepsis"}]}}{"C58401":{"preferredName":"Seroma, CTCAE","code":"C58401","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of tumor-like collection of serum in the tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of tumor-like collection of serum in the tissues.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Seroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Seroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Seroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Seroma, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seroma, 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5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544774"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sinus pain"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sinus Pain"}]}}{"C146759":{"preferredName":"Sinus Tachycardia, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146759","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute that originates in the sinus node.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute that originates in the sinus node.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sinus Tachycardia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sinus Tachycardia, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinus Tachycardia, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Sinus tachycardia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544797"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sinus tachycardia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sinus Tachycardia"}]}}{"C143832":{"preferredName":"Sinusitis, CTCAE","code":"C143832","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the mucous membranes of the paranasal sinuses.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the mucous membranes of the paranasal sinuses.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sinusitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Sinusitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sinusitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinusitis, 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5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544660"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin Atrophy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin atrophy"}]}}{"C143835":{"preferredName":"Skin Hyperpigmentation, CTCAE","code":"C143835","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by darkening of the skin due to excessive melanin deposition.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by darkening of the skin due to excessive melanin deposition.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Hyperpigmentation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Hyperpigmentation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Hyperpigmentation, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Skin hyperpigmentation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542135"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin hyperpigmentation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin Hyperpigmentation"}]}}{"C143836":{"preferredName":"Skin Hypopigmentation, CTCAE","code":"C143836","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by loss of skin pigment (e.g., vitiligo).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by loss of skin pigment (e.g., vitiligo).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Hypopigmentation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Hypopigmentation, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Hypopigmentation, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Skin hypopigmentation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542136"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin hypopigmentation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin Hypopigmentation"}]}}{"C143837":{"preferredName":"Skin Induration, CTCAE","code":"C143837","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an area of hardness in the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an area of hardness in the skin.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Induration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Induration, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Induration, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Skin induration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542125"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin induration"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin Induration"}]}}{"C143838":{"preferredName":"Skin Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143838","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the skin such as cellulitis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the skin such as cellulitis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Skin infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545896"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin Infection"}]}}{"C143839":{"preferredName":"Skin Ulceration, CTCAE","code":"C143839","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the skin.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Ulceration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Ulceration, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Ulceration, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Skin ulceration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542126"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin ulceration"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin Ulceration"}]}}{"C143840":{"preferredName":"Sleep Apnea, CTCAE","code":"C143840","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by cessation of breathing for short periods during sleep.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by cessation of breathing for short periods during sleep.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sleep Apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sleep Apnea, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sleep Apnea, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Sleep apnea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545901"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sleep apnea"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sleep Apnea"}]}}{"C143841":{"preferredName":"Small Intestinal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143841","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of an anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures) in the small bowel.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of an anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures) in the small bowel.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Intestinal Anastomotic Leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Small Intestinal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Intestinal Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Small intestinal anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542127"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small intestinal anastomotic leak"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small Intestinal Anastomotic Leak"}]}}{"C143842":{"preferredName":"Small Intestinal Mucositis, CTCAE","code":"C143842","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by ulceration or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the small intestine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Intestinal Mucositis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Small Intestinal Mucositis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Intestinal Mucositis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Small intestinal mucositis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542128"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small intestinal mucositis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small Intestinal Mucositis"}]}}{"C143843":{"preferredName":"Small Intestinal Obstruction, CTCAE","code":"C143843","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents of the small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents of the small intestine.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Intestinal Obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Small Intestinal Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Intestinal Obstruction, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Small intestinal obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542129"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small intestinal obstruction"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small Intestinal Obstruction"}]}}{"C146635":{"preferredName":"Small Intestinal Perforation, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146635","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the small intestine wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a rupture in the small intestine wall.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Intestinal 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limb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542122"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Soft tissue necrosis lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Soft Tissue Necrosis Lower Limb"}]}}{"C143851":{"preferredName":"Soft Tissue Necrosis Upper Limb, CTCAE","code":"C143851","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the upper extremity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the upper extremity.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Soft Tissue Necrosis Upper Limb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue Necrosis Upper Limb, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue Necrosis Upper Limb, 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contents of the spermatic cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by blockage of the normal flow of the contents of the spermatic cord.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spermatic Cord Obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Spermatic Cord Obstruction, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spermatic Cord Obstruction, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Spermatic cord obstruction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544795"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spermatic cord obstruction"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spermatic Cord Obstruction"}]}}{"C143856":{"preferredName":"Spinal Fracture, CTCAE","code":"C143856","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of traumatic injury to the spine in which the continuity of a vertebral bone is broken.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of traumatic injury to the spine in which the continuity of a vertebral bone is broken.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spinal Fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Spinal Fracture, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spinal Fracture, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Spinal fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542112"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spinal fracture"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spinal Fracture"}]}}{"C143857":{"preferredName":"Splenic Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143857","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the spleen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the spleen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Splenic Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Splenic Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Splenic infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542113"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Splenic infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Splenic Infection"}]}}{"C143858":{"preferredName":"Stenosis of Gastrointestinal Stoma, CTCAE","code":"C143858","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of narrowing of the gastrointestinal stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of narrowing of the gastrointestinal stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stenosis of Gastrointestinal Stoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stenosis of Gastrointestinal Stoma, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stenosis of Gastrointestinal Stoma, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stenosis of gastrointestinal stoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542114"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stenosis of gastrointestinal stoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stenosis of Gastrointestinal Stoma"}]}}{"C143859":{"preferredName":"Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, CTCAE","code":"C143859","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by less than 10% total body skin area separation of dermis. The syndrome is thought to be a hypersensitivity complex affecting the skin and the mucous membranes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by less than 10% total body skin area separation of dermis. 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body).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving a stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stoma Site Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stoma Site Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stoma Site Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stoma site infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542116"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stoma site infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stoma Site Infection"}]}}{"C146774":{"preferredName":"Stomach Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146774","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the stomach.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the stomach.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stomach Pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stomach Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stomach Pain, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stomach pain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544782"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stomach pain"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stomach Pain"}]}}{"C146694":{"preferredName":"Stomal Ulcer, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146694","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the jejunal mucosal surface close to the anastomosis site following a gastroenterostomy procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a circumscribed, erosive lesion on the jejunal mucosal surface close to the anastomosis site following a gastroenterostomy procedure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stomal Ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stomal Ulcer, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stomal Ulcer, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stomal ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544736"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stomal Ulcer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stomal ulcer"}]}}{"C143861":{"preferredName":"Stridor, CTCAE","code":"C143861","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a high pitched breathing sound due to laryngeal or upper airway 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term associated with Grade 5.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sudden Death NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sudden Death NOS, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sudden Death NOS, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Sudden death NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542104"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sudden death NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sudden Death NOS"}]}}{"C143864":{"preferredName":"Suicidal Ideation, CTCAE","code":"C143864","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by thoughts of taking one's own life.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by thoughts of taking one's own life.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Suicidal 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bleeding from the testis.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Testes hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Testicular Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Testicular Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Hemorrhage, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Testicular hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963131"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Testes_Hemorrhage_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Testicular Hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Testicular hemorrhage"}]}}{"C146666":{"preferredName":"Testicular Pain, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146666","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the 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CTCAE","code":"C143883","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the trachea.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tracheal Stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tracheal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tracheal Stenosis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tracheal stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542090"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tracheal stenosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tracheal Stenosis"}]}}{"C143884":{"preferredName":"Tracheitis, CTCAE","code":"C143884","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the 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structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a defect in tricuspid valve function or structure.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tricuspid Valve Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tricuspid Valve Disease, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tricuspid Valve Disease, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tricuspid valve disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542079"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tricuspid valve disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tricuspid Valve Disease"}]}}{"C143890":{"preferredName":"Trigeminal Nerve Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143890","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dysfunction of the trigeminal nerve (fifth cranial 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5.0","code":"C146688","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by metabolic abnormalities that result from a spontaneous or therapy-related cytolysis of tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by metabolic abnormalities that result from a spontaneous or therapy-related cytolysis of tumor cells.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tumor Lysis Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tumor Lysis Syndrome, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Lysis Syndrome, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tumor lysis syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544746"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tumor Lysis Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tumor lysis 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CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542082"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage"}]}}{"C143896":{"preferredName":"Upper Respiratory Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143896","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the upper respiratory tract (nose, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, or trachea).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the upper respiratory tract (nose, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, or trachea).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Upper Respiratory 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CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Vagus nerve disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542181"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vagus nerve disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vagus Nerve Disorder"}]}}{"C143928":{"preferredName":"Vas Deferens Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","code":"C143928","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a vas deferens anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of leakage due to breakdown of a vas deferens anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vas Deferens Anastomotic Leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vas Deferens Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vas Deferens Anastomotic Leak, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Vas deferens anastomotic leak","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542182"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vas deferens anastomotic leak"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vas Deferens Anastomotic Leak"}]}}{"C143929":{"preferredName":"Vascular Access Complication, CTCAE","code":"C143929","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of a previously undocumented problem related to the vascular access site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of a previously undocumented problem related to the vascular access site.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vascular Access Complication","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vascular Access 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5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542170"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vascular disorders - Other, specify"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vascular Disorders - Other"}]}}{"C54741":{"preferredName":"Vasculitis, CTCAE","code":"C54741","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving the wall of a vessel.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation involving the wall of a vessel.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vasculitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Vasculitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Vasculitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vasculitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vasculitis, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1963274"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vasculitis_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vasculitis"}]}}{"C143932":{"preferredName":"Vasovagal Reaction, CTCAE","code":"C143932","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sudden drop of the blood pressure, bradycardia, and peripheral vasodilation that may lead to loss of consciousness. 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5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricular Arrhythmia, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ventricular arrhythmia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544675"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ventricular arrhythmia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ventricular Arrhythmia"}]}}{"C146732":{"preferredName":"Ventricular Fibrillation, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146732","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia without discernible QRS complexes due to rapid repetitive excitation of myocardial fibers without coordinated contraction of the ventricles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia without discernible QRS complexes due to rapid repetitive excitation of myocardial fibers without coordinated contraction of the ventricles.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ventricular Fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ventricular Fibrillation, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricular Fibrillation, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ventricular fibrillation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544695"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ventricular fibrillation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ventricular Fibrillation"}]}}{"C146733":{"preferredName":"Ventricular Tachycardia, CTCAE 5.0","code":"C146733","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a dysrhythmia with a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute that originates distal to the bundle of His.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized 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revolving in space (subjective vertigo).","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a sensation as if the external world were revolving around the patient (objective vertigo) or as if he himself were revolving in space (subjective vertigo).","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vertigo","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Vertigo","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vertigo, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vertigo, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL546001"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vertigo"}]}}{"C143936":{"preferredName":"Vestibular Disorder, CTCAE","code":"C143936","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by dizziness, imbalance, nausea, and vision problems.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by dizziness, imbalance, nausea, and vision problems.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vestibular Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vestibular Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vestibular Disorder, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Vestibular disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545965"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vestibular disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vestibular Disorder"}]}}{"C143937":{"preferredName":"Virilization, CTCAE","code":"C143937","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inappropriate masculinization occurring in a female or prepubertal male.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 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characterized by bleeding into the vitreous humor.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by bleeding into the vitreous humor.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vitreous Hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vitreous Hemorrhage, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitreous Hemorrhage, CTCAE 5.0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Vitreous hemorrhage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL544631"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vitreous Hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vitreous hemorrhage"}]}}{"C143941":{"preferredName":"Voice Alteration, CTCAE","code":"C143941","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a change in the sound and/or speed of the voice.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a change in the sound and/or speed of the voice.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Voice Alteration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Voice Alteration, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Voice Alteration, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Voice alteration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542162"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Voice alteration"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Voice Alteration"}]}}{"C57896":{"preferredName":"Vomiting, CTCAE","code":"C57896","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the reflexive act of ejecting the contents of the stomach through the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder 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infectious process involving the vulva.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vulval Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vulval Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulval Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Vulval infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542163"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vulval infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vulval Infection"}]}}{"C143944":{"preferredName":"Watering Eyes, CTCAE","code":"C143944","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive tearing in the eyes; it can be caused by overproduction of tears or impaired drainage of the tear duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by excessive tearing in the eyes; it can be caused by overproduction of tears or impaired drainage of the tear duct.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Watering Eyes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Watering Eyes, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Watering Eyes, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Watering eyes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542164"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Watering eyes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Watering Eyes"}]}}{"C55338":{"preferredName":"Weight Gain, CTCAE","code":"C55338","definitions":[{"description":"A finding characterized by an unexpected or abnormal increase in overall body weight; for pediatrics, greater than the baseline growth curve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding characterized by an unexpected or 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growth curve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding characterized by a decrease in overall body weight; for pediatrics, less than the baseline growth curve.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Weight Loss","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Weight Loss, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Weight Loss, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Weight loss","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 3.0"},{"termName":"Weight loss","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2911645"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Weight_Loss_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Weight Loss"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Weight loss"}]}}{"C143947":{"preferredName":"Wheezing, CTCAE","code":"C143947","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a high-pitched, whistling sound during breathing. It results from the narrowing or obstruction of the respiratory airways.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by a high-pitched, whistling sound during breathing. It results from the narrowing or obstruction of the respiratory airways.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wheezing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"termName":"Wheezing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Wheezing, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wheezing, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542165"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wheezing"}]}}{"C143948":{"preferredName":"White Blood Cell Decreased, CTCAE","code":"C143948","definitions":[{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in number of white blood cells in a blood specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in number of white blood cells in a blood specimen.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"White Blood Cell Decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"White Blood Cell Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"White Blood Cell Decreased, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"White blood cell decreased","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542166"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"White blood cell decreased"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"White Blood Cell Decreased"}]}}{"C143949":{"preferredName":"Wound Complication, CTCAE","code":"C143949","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of development of a new problem at the site of an existing wound.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of development of a new problem at the site of an existing wound.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wound Complication","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Wound Complication, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wound Complication, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Wound complication","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542167"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wound complication"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wound Complication"}]}}{"C143950":{"preferredName":"Wound Dehiscence, CTCAE","code":"C143950","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of separation of the approximated margins of a surgical wound.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of separation of the approximated margins of a surgical wound.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wound Dehiscence","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Wound Dehiscence, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wound Dehiscence, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Wound dehiscence","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542168"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wound dehiscence"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wound Dehiscence"}]}}{"C143951":{"preferredName":"Wound Infection, CTCAE","code":"C143951","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the wound.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the wound.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wound Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Wound Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wound Infection, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Wound infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542153"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wound infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wound Infection"}]}}{"C143952":{"preferredName":"Wrist Fracture, CTCAE","code":"C143952","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of traumatic injury to the wrist joint in which the continuity of a wrist bone is broken.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE 5.0"},{"description":"A finding of traumatic injury to the wrist joint in which the continuity of a wrist bone is broken.","attr":"CTCAE 5.0","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Wrist Fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Wrist Fracture, CTCAE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wrist Fracture, CTCAE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Wrist fracture","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE 5.0"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL542154"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wrist fracture"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wrist Fracture"}]}}{"C53652":{"preferredName":"Acute Coronary Syndrome","code":"C53652","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by signs and symptoms related to acute ischemia of the myocardium secondary to coronary artery disease. The clinical presentation covers a spectrum of heart diseases from unstable angina to myocardial infarction.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Signs and symptoms related to acute ischemia of the myocardium secondary to coronary artery disease. The clinical presentation covers a spectrum of heart diseases from unstable angina to myocardial infarction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Coronary Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acute Coronary Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute coronary syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0948089"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Coronary_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute Coronary Syndrome"}]}}{"C78246":{"preferredName":"Constrictive Pericarditis","code":"C78246","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a thickened and fibrotic pericardial sac; these fibrotic changes impede normal myocardial function by restricting myocardial muscle action.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A heart disorder in which the pericardial sac becomes thickened and fibrotic, tightening the myocardium and impeding the normal myocardial function.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Constrictive Pericarditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Constrictive Pericarditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Constrictive pericarditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0031048"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Constrictive_Pericarditis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Constrictive Pericarditis"}]}}{"C79601":{"preferredName":"Otitis Externa","code":"C79601","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by inflammation, swelling and redness to the outer ear and ear canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Inflammation of the outer ear and/or ear canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Inflammation of the anatomical structures of the outer ear and ear canal, which is most often caused by an infectious process. Symptoms include erythema, edema, and pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"External Ear Inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"External Ear Inflammation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Otitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"External ear inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Inflammation of External Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Otitis Externa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Otitis Externa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0029878"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"External_Ear_Inflammation"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Otitis Externa"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"External Ear Inflammation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Otitis externa"}]}}{"C78295":{"preferredName":"Fallopian Tube Stenosis","code":"C78295","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a narrowing of the fallopian tube lumen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Narrowing of the lumen of the fallopian tube.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fallopian Tube Stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fallopian Tube Stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fallopian tube stenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0459524"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fallopian_Tube_Stenosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fallopian Tube Stenosis"}]}}{"C78298":{"preferredName":"Female Genital Tract Fistula","code":"C78298","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an abnormal communication between a female reproductive system organ and another organ or anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"An abnormal communication between a female reproductive system organ and another organ or cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Female Genital Tract Fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Female Genital Tract Fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Female genital tract fistula","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0269131"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Female_Genital_Tract_Fistula"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Female Genital Tract Fistula"}]}}{"C50620":{"preferredName":"Intrauterine Fetal Death","code":"C50620","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by death in utero; failure of the product of conception to show evidence of respiration, heartbeat, or definite movement of a voluntary muscle after expulsion from the uterus, without possibility of resuscitation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Death in utero; failure of the product of conception to show evidence of respiration, heart beat, or definite movement of a voluntary muscle after expulsion from the uterus, with no possibility of resuscitation.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Death of a conceptus that occurred inside the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Death of a fetus after 10 weeks gestation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Death of a fetus after 10 weeks gestation.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fetal Death","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fetal Death","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Fetal Death","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fetal Demise","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fetal Demise","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Fetal death","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"INTRAUTERINE DEATH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"IUD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intrauterine Fetal Death","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Intrauterine Fetal Death","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015927"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intrauterine_Fetal_Death"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Fetal Death"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fetal death"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fetal Death"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:F0201"}]}}{"C78389":{"preferredName":"Intraoperative Skin Injury","code":"C78389","definitions":[{"description":"A finding of damage to the skin during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Damage to the skin during a surgical procedure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraoperative Skin Injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Intraoperative Skin Injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraoperative skin injury","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1558746"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intraoperative_Skin_Injury"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraoperative Skin Injury"}]}}{"C3231":{"preferredName":"Menopause","code":"C3231","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the permanent cessation of menses, usually defined by 12 consecutive months of amenorrhea in a woman over 45 years of age.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"The time of life when a woman's ovaries stop producing hormones and menstrual periods stop. Natural menopause usually occurs around age 50. A woman is said to be in menopause when she hasn't had a period for 12 months in a row. Symptoms of menopause include hot flashes, mood swings, night sweats, vaginal dryness, trouble concentrating, and infertility.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The permanent cessation of menses, usually defined by 6 to 12 months of amenorrhea in a woman over 45 years of age.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Menopausal","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Menopause","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Menopause","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Menopause","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Menopause","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"menopause","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025320"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Menopause"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Menopause"}]}}{"C35823":{"preferredName":"Splenic Disorder","code":"C35823","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder of the spleen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the spleen. Examples include infection, hemangioma, lymphoma, leukemia and angiosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spleen Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Spleen Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spleen disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Splenic Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037997"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Splenic_Disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spleen Disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other diseases of spleen"}]}}{"C79801":{"preferredName":"Unintended Pregnancy","code":"C79801","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an unexpected pregnancy at the time of conception.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A pregnancy that was not desired or was timed incorrectly at the time that the conception occurred.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Unintended Pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Unintended Pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unintended pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0041747"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Unintended_Pregnancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unintended Pregnancy"}]}}{"C78703":{"preferredName":"Vaginismus","code":"C78703","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by involuntary spasms of the pelvic floor muscles, resulting in pathologic tightness of the vaginal wall during penetration such as during sexual intercourse.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Tightness of the vaginal wall during vaginal penetration including sexual intercourse. It is caused by involuntary spasm of the pelvic floor muscles, and results in painful intercourse or failure to have intercourse. It may due to psychological conditions, trauma in the vaginal area, or vaginal infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vaginismus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Vaginismus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vaginismus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2004487"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vaginismus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vaginismus"}]}}{"C35132":{"preferredName":"Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome","code":"C35132","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of an accessory conductive pathway between the atria and the ventricles that causes premature ventricular activation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"An electrocardiographic finding of ventricular pre-excitation. The syndrome is characterized by a short PR interval and a long QRS interval with a delta wave.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A cardiac conduction disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of ventricular pre-excitation, which is a short PR interval and a long QRS interval with a delta wave. Most individuals are asymptomatic; however they can experience periods of palpitations, shortness of breath or syncope during tachycardic episodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"WOLFF-PARKINSON-WHITE SYNDROME","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"WPW","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0043202"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Wolff-Parkinson-White_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome"}]}}{"C18084":{"preferredName":"Comparative Genomic Hybridization","code":"C18084","definitions":[{"description":"Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a technique that allows the detection of losses and gains in DNA copy number across the entire genome without prior knowledge of specific chromosomal abnormalities. Comparative genomic hybridization utilizes the hybridization of differentially labeled tumor and reference DNA to generate a map of DNA copy number changes in tumor genomes. Comparative genomic hybridization is an ideal tool for analyzing chromosomal imbalances in archived tumor material and for examining possible correlations between these findings and tumor phenotypes. (from Ried et al. J Mol Med 1997 75:801-14)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CGH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Comparative Genome Hybridization","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Comparative Genomic Analysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Comparative Genomic Hybridization","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Comparative Genomic Hybridization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Comparative Genomic Hybridization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796358"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Comparative_Genomic_Analysis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Comparative Genomic Hybridization"}]}}{"C17563":{"preferredName":"Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization","code":"C17563","definitions":[{"description":"A laboratory technique used to look at genes or chromosomes in cells and tissues. Pieces of DNA that contain a fluorescent dye are made in the laboratory and added to cells or tissues on a glass slide. When these pieces of DNA bind to specific genes or areas of chromosomes on the slide, they light up when viewed under a microscope with a special light.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A physical mapping approach that uses fluorescent tags to detect hybridization of probes within metaphase chromosomes or less condensed somatic interphase chromatin. This technique can be used for identification of chromosomal abnormalities and for gene mapping.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A physical mapping approach that uses fluorescent tags to detect hybridization of probes within metaphase chromosomes or less condensed somatic interphase chromatin. This technique can be used for identification of chromosomal abnormalities and for gene mapping.","attr":"from Online Medical Dictionary and NHGRI Glossary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FISH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FISH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FISH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"FISH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fluorescence in situ Hybridization","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fluorescence in situ hybridization","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0162789"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fluorescence_in_situ_Hybridization"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"FISH"}]}}{"C16585":{"preferredName":"Flow Cytometry","code":"C16585","definitions":[{"description":"A method of measuring the number of cells in a sample, the percentage of live cells in a sample, and certain characteristics of cells, such as size, shape, and the presence of tumor markers on the cell surface. The cells are stained with a light-sensitive dye, placed in a fluid, and passed in a stream before a laser or other type of light. The measurements are based on how the light-sensitive dye reacts to the light.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A technique for counting, examining or sorting microscopic particles suspended in a stream of fluid. The cells are placed in a fluid (with or without light-sensitive dye) and passed in a stream before a laser or other type of light.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A technique for counting, examining and sorting microscopic particles suspended in a stream of fluid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLOW CYTOMETRY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Flow Cytometry","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Flow Cytometry","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Flow Cytometry","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Flow Cytometry","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Flow Cytometry","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"flow cytometry","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016263"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Flow_Cytometry"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Flow Cytometry"}]}}{"C23020":{"preferredName":"Immunohistochemistry Staining Method","code":"C23020","definitions":[{"description":"A technique used to identify specific molecules in different kinds of tissue. The tissue is treated with antibodies that bind the specific molecule. These are made visible under a microscope by using a color reaction, a radioisotope, colloidal gold, or a fluorescent dye. Immunohistochemistry is used to help diagnose diseases, such as cancer, and to detect the presence of microorganisms. It is also used in basic research to understand how cells grow and differentiate (become more specialized).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Immunohistochemical staining techniques allow for the visualization of antigens via the sequential application of a specific antibody to the antigen (primary antibody), a secondary antibody to the primary antibody and an enzyme complex with a chromogenic substrate. The enzymatic activation of the chromogen results in a visible reaction product at the antigen site. The specimen may then be counterstained and coverslipped. Results are interpreted using a light microscope and aid in the differential diagnosis of pathophysiological processes, which may or may not be associated with a particular antigen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Immunohistochemical staining techniques allow for the visualization of antigens via the sequential application of a specific antibody to the antigen (primary antibody), a secondary antibody to the primary antibody and an enzyme complex with a chromogenic substrate. The enzymatic activation of the chromogen results in a visible reaction product at the antigen site. The specimen may then be counterstained and coverslipped. 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A gene expression profile may be used to find and diagnose a disease or condition and to see how well the body responds to treatment. 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lymphopoiesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IL7R","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"IL7R","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IL7R","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL7R Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"IL7R Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL7R Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Interleukin 7 Receptor Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"146661"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334123"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"IL7R_Gene"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:6024"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"IL7R"}]}}{"C18430":{"preferredName":"IRF4 Gene","code":"C18430","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the regulation of B-cell differentiation and proliferation. 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in signal transduction and ligand binding.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IRS4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"IRS4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"IRS4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRS4 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IRS4 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Insulin Receptor Substrate 4 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"603510"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334142"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"IRS4_Gene"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:6128"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"IRS4"}]}}{"C116411":{"preferredName":"ISX Gene","code":"C116411","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in gene expression regulation in the intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ISX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"ISX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"ISX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISX Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"ISX Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ISX Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Intestine-Specific Homeobox Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"612019"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1825625"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:28084"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"ISX"}]}}{"C53661":{"preferredName":"ITGAV Gene","code":"C53661","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in cell communication and 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(from LocusLink)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T-Cell Receptor Beta Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Receptor Beta Locus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Receptor Beta Locus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"TCRB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"TRB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"186930"},{"name":"GenBank_Accession_Number","value":"U66059"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0524891"},{"name":"EntrezGene_ID","value":"6957"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T-Cell_Receptor_Beta_Locus"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:12155"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"TRB"},{"name":"Gene_Encodes_Product","value":"T-Cell Receptor Beta Chain"}]}}{"C26420":{"preferredName":"T-Cell Receptor Delta Locus","code":"C26420","definitions":[{"description":"This region represents the germline organization of the T cell receptordelta locus. 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(from LocusLink)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T Cell Receptor Delta Locus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Receptor Delta Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Receptor Delta Locus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Receptor Delta Locus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"TCRD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"TRD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"186810"},{"name":"GenBank_Accession_Number","value":"M21624"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0524893"},{"name":"EntrezGene_ID","value":"6964"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T-Cell_Receptor_Delta_Locus"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:12252"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"TRD"},{"name":"Gene_Encodes_Product","value":"T-Cell Receptor Delta Chain"}]}}{"C95280":{"preferredName":"TRIM24 Gene","code":"C95280","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in hormone-dependent gene transcription.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRIM24","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"TRIM24","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRIM24","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIM24 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TRIM24 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIM24 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tripartite Motif-Containing 24 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"603406"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1823488"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:11812"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"TRIM24"}]}}{"C24733":{"preferredName":"TRIM27 Gene","code":"C24733","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the differentiation of male germ cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRIM27","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"TRIM27","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRIM27","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIM27 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIM27 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tripartite Motif-Containing 27 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"602165"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1823489"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"RFP_Gene"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:9975"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"TRIM27"}]}}{"C97858":{"preferredName":"TRIM33 Gene","code":"C97858","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the mediation of protein ubiquitination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRIM33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"TRIM33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRIM33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIM33 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TRIM33 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIM33 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tripartite Motif Containing 33 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Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"604505"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1421146"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:12305"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"TRIP11"}]}}{"C24880":{"preferredName":"TRRAP Gene","code":"C24880","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in DNA repair and regulation of mitosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRRAP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"TRRAP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TRRAP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRRAP Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRRAP Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Transformation/Transcription Domain-Associated Protein Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"603015"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336677"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TRRAP_Gene"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:12347"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"TRRAP"}]}}{"C18259":{"preferredName":"TSC1 Gene","code":"C18259","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in cell cycle regulation and the loss of cellular adhesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TSC1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"TSC1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TSC1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSC1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TSC1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSC1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tuberous Sclerosis 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"605284"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0694894"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TSC1_Gene"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:12362"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"TSC1"}]}}{"C18260":{"preferredName":"TSC2 Gene","code":"C18260","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in signal transduction and cell cycle control. It is involved in cell adhesion, differentiation, growth and migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TSC2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"TSC2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TSC2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSC2 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"TSC2 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSC2 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tuberous Sclerosis 2 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"191092"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0694895"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TSC2_Gene"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:12363"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"TSC2"}]}}{"C24881":{"preferredName":"TSHR Gene","code":"C24881","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays an important role in the regulation of thyroid cell metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TSHR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"TSHR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"TSHR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSHR Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSHR Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"603372"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336679"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TSHR_Gene"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:12373"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"TSHR"}]}}{"C101113":{"preferredName":"U2AF1 Gene","code":"C101113","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the splicing of mRNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"U2 Small Nuclear RNA Auxiliary Factor 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U2AF1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"U2AF1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"U2AF1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U2AF1 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"U2AF1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U2AF1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"191317"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1421254"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:12453"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"U2AF1"}]}}{"C111928":{"preferredName":"UBR5 Gene","code":"C111928","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in protein ubiquitination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"UBR5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"UBR5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"UBR5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UBR5 Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"UBR5 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UBR5 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ubiquitin Protein Ligase E3 Component N-Recognin 5 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"608413"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1825027"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:16806"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"UBR5"}]}}{"C24892":{"preferredName":"USP6 Gene","code":"C24892","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in the regulation of cellular ubiquitination. It also plays a role in promoting the recycling of endocytic vesicles to the plasma membrane.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"USP6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"USP6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"USP6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"USP6 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"USP6 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 6 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"604334"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1421407"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"USP6_Gene"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:12629"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"USP6"}]}}{"C24893":{"preferredName":"USP8 Gene","code":"C24893","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis and cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"USP8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"USP8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"USP8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"USP8 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"USP8 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ubiquitin Specific Protease 8 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"603158"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336848"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"USP8_Gene"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:12631"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"USP8"}]}}{"C18365":{"preferredName":"VAV1 Gene","code":"C18365","definitions":[{"description":"This gene plays a role in signal transduction. It is involved in the development and activation of both B cells and T cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VAV1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"VAV1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"VAV1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAV1 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAV1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Vav Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 1 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"164875"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336926"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"VAV1_Gene"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:12657"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"VAV1"}]}}{"C18261":{"preferredName":"VHL Gene","code":"C18261","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in transcriptional repression and protein degradation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VHL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"VHL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"VHL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VHL Gene","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"VHL Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VHL Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"608537"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0694897"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"VHL_Gene"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:12687"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"VHL"}]}}{"C99462":{"preferredName":"VTI1A Gene","code":"C99462","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in vesicular 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proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"WNK Lysine Deficient Protein Kinase 2 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WNK2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"WNK2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HGNC"},{"termName":"WNK2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WNK2 Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WNK2 Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"606249"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL541531"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"HGNC_ID","value":"HGNC:14542"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"WNK2"}]}}{"C20070":{"preferredName":"WRN Gene","code":"C20070","definitions":[{"description":"This gene is involved in DNA repair and the unwinding of 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information.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"D","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"DNA","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"DNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Deoxyribonucleic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Deoxyribonucleic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deoxyribonucleic acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"Double-stranded DNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"deoxyribonucleic acid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"dsDNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"DNA is a double-stranded molecule held together by weak bonds between base pairs of nucleotides. DNA contain the four nucleotide bases adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). In nature, base pairs form only between A and T and between G and C; thus the base sequence of each single strand can be deduced from that of its partner."},{"name":"NSC Number","value":"77460"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0012854"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"9007-49-2"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Deoxyribonucleic_Acid"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:16991"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"D"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"DNA"}]}}{"C813":{"preferredName":"Messenger RNA","code":"C813","definitions":[{"description":"A class of RNA molecule containing protein-coding information in its nucleotide sequence that can be translated into the amino acid sequence of a protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A representation of a member of the class of RNA molecules that contains protein-coding information in its nucleotide sequence. EXAMPLE(S): Homo sapiens BRCA1 transcript variant 1 mRNA, GenBank identifier NM_007294.3, is available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_007294.3 OTHER NAME(S): NOTE(S):","attr":null,"defSource":"BRIDG 5.3"},{"description":"A type of RNA found in cells. Messenger RNA molecules carry the genetic information needed to make proteins. They carry the information from the DNA in the nucleus of the cell to the cytoplasm where the proteins are made.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A class of RNA molecule containing protein-coding information in its nucleotide sequence that can be translated into the amino acid sequence of a protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Messenger RNA","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Messenger RNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Messenger RNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MessengerRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"BRIDG 5.3"},{"termName":"mRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"mRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"mRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"mRNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"messenger RNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail."},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0035696"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"BRIDG"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Messenger_RNA"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:33699"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"mRNA"}]}}{"C25966":{"preferredName":"MicroRNA","code":"C25966","definitions":[{"description":"A sequence of single-stranded RNA which is typically 20-25 nucleotides in length and may regulate the expression of other genes. miRNAs are transcribed from DNA, but are not translated into proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of RNA found in cells and in blood. MicroRNAs are smaller than many other types of RNA and can bind to messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to block them from making proteins. MicroRNAs are being studied in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sequence of single-stranded RNA, that is 20-25 nucleotides in length, which is transcribed from DNA but is not translated into a protein. This nucleic acid may regulate the transcription or translation of other genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MIR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIRN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micro RNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MicroRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MicroRNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Small Temporal RNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"miRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"miRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"miRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"miRNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"micro-RNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"microRNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1101610"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"MicroRNA"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"miRNA"}]}}{"C17021":{"preferredName":"Protein","code":"C17021","definitions":[{"description":"A molecule made up of amino acids that are needed for the body to function properly. Proteins are the basis of body structures such as skin and hair and of substances such as enzymes, cytokines, and antibodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A representation of an organic macromolecule in public resources (e.g., UniProt or NCBI RefSeq) composed of one or more chains (linear polymers) of alpha-L-amino acids linked by peptide bonds and ranging in size from a few thousand to over 1 million Daltons. Comment Requested: In interest of re-using existing standards, should the above definition of Protein be replaced by the following from the NLM -- : A molecule made up of amino acids that are needed for the body to function properly. Proteins are the basis of body structures such as skin and hair and of substances such as enzymes, cytokines, and antibodies. [Source: http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/glossary=protein] EXAMPLE(S): A protein record from UniProt Knowledgebase: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P38398 OTHER NAME(S): NOTE(S):","attr":null,"defSource":"BRIDG 5.3"},{"description":"A group of complex organic macromolecules composed of one or more chains (linear polymers) of alpha-L-amino acids linked by peptide bonds and ranging in size from a few thousand to over 1 million Daltons. Proteins are fundamental genetically encoded components of living cells with specific structures and functions dictated by amino acid sequence.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"BRIDG 5.3"},{"termName":"Protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Protein (NOS)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Proteins","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0033684"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"BRIDG"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Protein"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:36080"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Protein"}]}}{"C163995":{"preferredName":"Total RNA","code":"C163995","definitions":[{"description":"A biological sample comprised of all of the RNA collected from an experimental subject.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Total RNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Total RNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973034"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Total RNA"}]}}{"C13204":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 1","code":"C13204","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 1 spans about 247 million nucleotide base pairs and represents about 8% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008651"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr1"}]}}{"C13215":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 2","code":"C13215","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the second largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 2 spans more than 237 million base pairs and represents almost 8% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008662"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr2"}]}}{"C13219":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 3","code":"C13219","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the third largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 3 spans almost 200 million base pairs and represents about 6.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 3","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008666"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr3"}]}}{"C13220":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 4","code":"C13220","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the fourth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 4 spans more than 186 million base pairs and represents between 6 and 6.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008667"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_4"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr4"}]}}{"C13221":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 5","code":"C13221","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the fifth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 5 spans about 181 million base pairs and represents almost 6% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 5","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008668"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_5"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr5"}]}}{"C13222":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 6","code":"C13222","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the sixth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 6 spans more than 170 million base pairs and represents between 5.5 and 6% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 6","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008669"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_6"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr6"}]}}{"C13223":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 7","code":"C13223","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the seventh largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 7 spans more than 158 million base pairs and represents between 5 and 5.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 7","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008670"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_7"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr7"}]}}{"C13224":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 8","code":"C13224","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the eighth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 8 spans about 145 million base pairs and represents between 4.5 and 5.0% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 8","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008671"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_8"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr8"}]}}{"C13225":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 9","code":"C13225","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the ninth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 9 spans about 145 million base pairs of nucleic acids and represents between 4 and 4.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 9","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 9","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr9","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr9","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008672"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_9"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr9"}]}}{"C13205":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 10","code":"C13205","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the tenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 10 spans about 135 million base pairs and represents between 4 and 4.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 10","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008652"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_10"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr10"}]}}{"C13206":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 11","code":"C13206","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the eleventh largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 11 spans about 134.5 million base pairs and represents between 4 and 4.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 11","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008653"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_11"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr11"}]}}{"C13207":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 12","code":"C13207","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the twelfth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 12 spans about 143 million base pairs and represents between 4 and 4.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 12","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr12","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008654"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_12"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr12"}]}}{"C13208":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 13","code":"C13208","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the thirteenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 13 spans about 113 million base pairs and represents between 3.5 and 4% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 13","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 13","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr13","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008655"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_13"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr13"}]}}{"C13209":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 14","code":"C13209","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the fourteenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 14 spans about 105 million base pairs and represents between 3 and 3.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 14","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 14","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 14","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr14","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr14","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008656"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_14"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr14"}]}}{"C13210":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 15","code":"C13210","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the fifteenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 15 spans about 106 million base pairs and represents between 3 and 3.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 15","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 15","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 15","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr15","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr15","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008657"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_15"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr15"}]}}{"C13211":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 16","code":"C13211","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the sixteenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 16 spans about 90 million base pairs and represents just under 3% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 16","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 16","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 16","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr16","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr16","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008658"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_16"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr16"}]}}{"C13212":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 17","code":"C13212","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the seventeenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 17 spans more than 81 million base pairs and represents between 2.5 and 3% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 17","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 17","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 17","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr17","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr17","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008659"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_17"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr17"}]}}{"C13213":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 18","code":"C13213","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the eighteenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 18 spans about 76 million base pairs and represents about 2.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 18","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008660"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_18"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr18"}]}}{"C13214":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 19","code":"C13214","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the nineteenth largest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 19 spans more than 63 million base pairs and represents between 2 and 2.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 19","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008661"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_19"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr19"}]}}{"C13216":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 20","code":"C13216","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the third smallest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 20 spans around 63 million base pairs and represents between 2 and 2.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 20","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008663"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_20"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr20"}]}}{"C13217":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 21","code":"C13217","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the second smallest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 21 spans around 47 million nucleotides and represents about 1.5% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 21","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 21","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 21","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr21","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr21","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008664"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_21"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr21"}]}}{"C13218":{"preferredName":"Chromosome 22","code":"C13218","definitions":[{"description":"The designation for each member of the smallest human autosomal chromosome pair. Chromosome 22 spans about 49 million base pairs and represents between 1.5 and 2% of the total DNA in normal diploid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome 22","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome 22","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome 22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"chr22","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chr22","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008665"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_22"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr22"}]}}{"C33542":{"preferredName":"Sex Chromosome","code":"C33542","definitions":[{"description":"The X or Y chromosome in human beings that determines the sex of an individual. Females have two X chromosomes in diploid cells; males have an X and a Y chromosome. The sex chromosomes comprise the 23rd chromosome pair in a human karyotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sex Chromosome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036869"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sex_Chromosome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chr23"}]}}{"C28512":{"preferredName":"Mitochondrial DNA","code":"C28512","definitions":[{"description":"Typically small, circular, intronless, and maternally inherited, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the multicopy deoxyribonucleic acid genome of mitochondria, intracellular organelles responsible for vital respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation reactions in higher eukaryotes. Replicated and transcribed by a separate enzymatic machinery from that of nuclear DNA, mtDNA encodes only a subset of mitochondrial functions.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Typically small, circular, intronless, and maternally inherited, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the multicopy deoxyribonucleic acid genome of mitochondria, intracellular organelles responsible for vital respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation reactions in higher eukaryotes. Replicated and transcribed by a separate enzymatic machinery from that of nuclear DNA, mtDNA encodes only a subset of mitochondrial functions. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome M","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"M Chromosome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mitochondrial Chromosome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitochondrial DNA","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mitochondrial DNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mitochondrial DNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"chrM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"mDNA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"mtDNA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mtDNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0012929"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mitochondrial_DNA"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chrM"}]}}{"C13285":{"preferredName":"Chromosome X","code":"C13285","definitions":[{"description":"The sex chromosome that is present in both sexes: singly in males and doubly in females.","attr":"WordNet","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome X","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome X","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"X Chromosome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chrX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chrX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0043292"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_X"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chrX"}]}}{"C13286":{"preferredName":"Chromosome Y","code":"C13286","definitions":[{"description":"The y-shaped sex chromosome. In mammals, its presence or absence determines male or female sex.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosome Y","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosome Y","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosome Y","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Y Chromosome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chrY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTDC"},{"termName":"chrY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0043381"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosome_Y"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"chrY"}]}}{"C41179":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Cellular Population Present","code":"C41179","definitions":[{"description":"A finding indicating that a monoclonal population of cells were detected in a sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clonal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Clonal Cellular Population Present","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Cellular Population Present","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monotypic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Monotypic Cell Population Present","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monotypic Cells Present","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1516667"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clonal_Cellular_Population_Present"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clonal"}]}}{"C172229":{"preferredName":"Nonclonal Cellular Population Present","code":"C172229","definitions":[{"description":"An indication that the cells in a sample did not arise from a single progenitor cell.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Clonal Cellular Population Present","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-clonal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nonclonal Cellular Population Present","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406096"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-clonal"}]}}{"C152974":{"preferredName":"Histone H3-Like Centromeric Protein A","code":"C152974","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3-like centromeric protein A (140 aa, ~16 kDa) is encoded by the human CENPA gene. This protein plays a role in cell cycle progression, cell division and centromeric nucleosome assembly.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CENP-A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CENP-A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CENPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Centromere Autoantigen A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Centromere Protein A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Centromere-Specific Histone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Centromeric Protein A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3-Like Centromeric Protein A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone cenH3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"117139"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554177"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CENP-A"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P49450"}]}}{"C154613":{"preferredName":"Histone H2A-Bbd","code":"C154613","definitions":[{"description":"A variant form of histone H2A found in chromatin structures that are transcriptionally active.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H2A Barr Body Deficient","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A Barr Body-Deficient","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A-Bbd","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"H2A.B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A.Bbd","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H2A-Bbd","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555506"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H2A-Bbd"}]}}{"C19432":{"preferredName":"Histone H2AX","code":"C19432","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H2AX (143 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human H2AX gene. This protein plays a role in nucleosome formation and V(D)J recombination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H2A Histone Family, Member X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A.X","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"H2A.X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A/X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2AFX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2AX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2AX Histone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H2A.X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H2AX","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H2AX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Histone H2AX is a variant histone H2A that replaces conventional H2A proteins."},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"601772"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1172465"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Histone-H2AX"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H2A.X"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P16104"}]}}{"C126766":{"preferredName":"Histone H2A.Z","code":"C126766","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H2A.Z (128 aa, ~14 kDa) is encoded by the human H2AZ1 gene. This protein is involved in nucleosome and heterochromatin formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H2A.Z-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A.Z.1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"H2A.Z.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A/z","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2AZ Histone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2AZ1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H2A.Z","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H2A.Z","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"142763"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL507981"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H2A.Z.1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H2A.Z"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P0C0S5"}]}}{"C162832":{"preferredName":"Histone H2A.V","code":"C162832","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H2A.V (128 aa, ~14 kDa) is encoded by the human H2AZ2 gene. This protein is involved in nucleosome formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H2A.F/Z","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A.Z-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A.Z-2.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A.Z.2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"H2A.Z.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A.Z.2.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2AFV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2AZ2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H2A.F/Z","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H2A.V","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H2A.V Isoform 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Purine-Rich Binding Element Protein B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973150"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H2A.Z.2"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"Q71UI9"}]}}{"C162834":{"preferredName":"Histone H2A.V Isoform 2","code":"C162834","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H2A.V isoform 2 (114 aa, ~12 kDa) is encoded by the human H2AZ2 gene. This protein plays a role in nucleosome stability.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H2A.Z-2.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2A.Z.2.2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"H2A.Z.2.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H2AZ2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H2A.V Isoform 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Z.2.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973148"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H2A.Z.2.2"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"Q71UI9"}]}}{"C101734":{"preferredName":"Histone H3.1","code":"C101734","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3.1 (136 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human H3C1, H3C2, H3C3, H3C4, H3C6, H3C7, H3C8, H3C10, H3C11 and H3C12 genes. This protein plays a role in the formation of chromatin structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3.1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Histone H3.1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H3.1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Histone H3/a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/c","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/d","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/f","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/h","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/i","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/j","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/k","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/l","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"602815"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"602816"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"602814"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"602818"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"602817"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"602810"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"602811"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"602819"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"602813"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"602812"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3640207"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H3.1"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P68431"}]}}{"C148067":{"preferredName":"Histone H3.2","code":"C148067","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3.2 (136 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human H3C13, H3C14 and H3C15 genes. This protein plays a role in nucleosome remodeling and chromosomal structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3.2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Histone H3.2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Histone H3/m","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3/o","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"142780"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545807"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H3.2"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"Q71DI3"}]}}{"C101445":{"preferredName":"Histone H3.3","code":"C101445","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3.3 (136 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by both the human H3-3A and H3-3B genes. This protein plays a role in chromosomal structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3.3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Histone H3.3","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H3.3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"601058"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"601128"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0086412"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H3.3"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P84243"}]}}{"C154668":{"preferredName":"Histone H3.3C","code":"C154668","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3.3C (135 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human H3-5 gene. This protein is involved in the modulation of DNA accessibility to the transcriptional machinery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3-5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3.3C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3.5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"H3.5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3F3C","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3.3C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3.5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"616134"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555444"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H3.5"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"Q6NXT2"}]}}{"C155735":{"preferredName":"H3.X Gene","code":"C155735","definitions":[{"description":"Human H3.X gene is located in the vicinity of 5p15.1 and is approximately 0.4 kb in length. This pseudogene has no formally documented products.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3 Histone, Family 3B Pseudogene Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3.3B Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3.X Gene","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3.Y.2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone Cluster 2, H3d Pseudogene Gene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LOC340096","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"J Cell Biol. 2010;190:777-91 reports the primate-specific expression of a histone H3.X protein in normal testis, fetal brain, cerebral cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus. H3.X was also reported to be expressed in cancerous bone, breast and lung tissue."},{"name":"DesignNote","value":"CAUTION: EntrezGene notes that the RefSeq status for this gene is INFERRED."},{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"20819935"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556221"},{"name":"EntrezGene_ID","value":"646982"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H3.X"}]}}{"C155738":{"preferredName":"Histone H3.Y","code":"C155738","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3.Y (136 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human H3.Y gene. This protein may be involved in both transcriptional regulation and the formation of higher order chromatin structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3.Y","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"H3.Y","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3.Y.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3.Y","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3.y","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Histone H3.Y protein has been deposited in RefSeq with accession number NP_001342187."},{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Caution: UniProt has this protein listed as an Uncharacterized Protein and the SwissProt ID is associated with an Unreviewed entry."},{"name":"PubMedID_Primary_Reference","value":"20819935"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL556224"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H3.Y"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"A0A2R8Y7G9"}]}}{"C154671":{"preferredName":"Histone H3.1t","code":"C154671","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H3.1t (136 aa, ~16 kDa) is encoded by the human H3-4 gene. This protein is involved in formation of higher order chromatin structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3-4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3.4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3/g","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3/t","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3t","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H3t (H3.4)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"HIST3H3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3.1t","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H3.4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"602820"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL555447"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H3t (H3.4)"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"Q16695"}]}}{"C95407":{"preferredName":"Core Histone Macro-H2A","code":"C95407","definitions":[{"description":"A histone protein that is comprised of a histone H2A domain, which allows interaction with the nucleosome, and a macro domain, which may bind to ADP-ribose. 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A gene duplication abnormality can be either heritable or somatic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duplication","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Duplication","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gene Duplication","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gene Duplication Abnormality","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1705960"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gene_Duplication_Abnormality"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Duplication"}]}}{"C20102":{"preferredName":"Hypermethylation","code":"C20102","definitions":[{"description":"Hypermethylation appears to be a controlled, epigenetic, heritable, and aberrant DNA methylation reaction on gene promoter regions and CpG islands associated with loss of (e.g., tumor-suppressor) gene function in diverse cellular pathways through transcriptional silencing by the formation of transcriptionally repressive chromatin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hypermethylation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hypermethylation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512554"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hypermethylation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hypermethylation"}]}}{"C19295":{"preferredName":"Insertion Mutation","code":"C19295","definitions":[{"description":"Any rearrangement to the genomic content that adds one or more extra nucleotides into the DNA. Insertions may be reversible, particulary if caused by transposable elements. They may alter the reading frame of a gene, or may cause large scale additions of genomic DNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Insertion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Insertion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Insertion Mutation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Insertion Mutation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Insertion Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Insertion Mutation Abnormality","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mutation, Insertion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512796"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Insertion_Mutation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Insertion"}]}}{"C45589":{"preferredName":"Inversion Mutation Abnormality","code":"C45589","definitions":[{"description":"A structural change in genomic DNA where the 5' to 3' order of a nucleotide sequence is completely reversed to the 3' to 5' order relative to its adjacent sequences. This inversion is termed either pericentric, if it includes the centromere of a chromosome, or pancentric, if it excludes the centromere. An inversion mutation abnormality may be heritable or occur somatically.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inversion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Inversion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Inversion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inversion Mutation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inversion Mutation Abnormality","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1705687"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inversion_Mutation_Abnormality"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Inversion"}]}}{"C16848":{"preferredName":"Methylation","code":"C16848","definitions":[{"description":"A chemical reaction in which a small molecule called a methyl group is added to other molecules. Methylation of proteins or nucleic acids may affect how they act in the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The covalent chemical or biochemical addition of a methyl group(s) to a compound. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Methylation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Methylation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"methylation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025723"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Methylation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Methylation"}]}}{"C92976":{"preferredName":"Mosaicism","code":"C92976","definitions":[{"description":"The occurrence of 2 or more cell lines with different genetic or chromosomal make-up, within a single individual or tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The presence of more than one genetically distinct cell line in germ and/or somatic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mosaicism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mosaicism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mosaicism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026578"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mosaicism"}]}}{"C165231":{"preferredName":"Partial DNA Methylation","code":"C165231","definitions":[{"description":"An indication that 10-90% of the CpG islands in a gene or gene promoter have detectable methylation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Partial DNA Methylation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Partial Methylation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Partial Methylation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978383"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Partial Methylation"}]}}{"C36541":{"preferredName":"Chromosomal Rearrangement","code":"C36541","definitions":[{"description":"Any process affecting a DNA sequence that results in the gain, loss or exchange of DNA between chromosomes and/or autonomous replicons.","attr":"AML","defSource":"PCDC"},{"description":"Any change in the structure of one or more chromosomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosomal Rearrangement","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosomal Rearrangement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromosomal Rearrangements","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rearrangement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Structural Chromosomal Abnormality","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Structural Chromosome Aberration","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Structural Chromosome Anomalies","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515001"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromosomal_Rearrangement"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rearrangement"}]}}{"C13298":{"preferredName":"Repetitive Sequence","code":"C13298","definitions":[{"description":"Nucleotide sequences present in multiple copies in the genome. There are several types of repeated sequences. Interspersed (or dispersed) DNA repeats (Interspersed Repetitive Sequences) are copies of transposable elements interspersed throughout the genome. Flanking (or terminal) repeats (Terminal Repeat Sequences) are sequences that are repeated on both ends of a sequence, for example, the long terminal repeats (LTRs) on retroviruses. Direct terminal repeats are in the same direction and inverted terminal repeats are opposite to each other in direction. Tandem repeats (Tandem Repeat Sequences) are repeated copies which lie adjacent to each other. These can also be direct or inverted. The ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA genes belong to the class of middle repetitive DNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Repeated Sequence","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Repeated Sequences","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Repetitive Element","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Repetitive Sequence","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0086908"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Repetitive_Sequence"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Repeated Sequences"}]}}{"C3420":{"preferredName":"Chromosomal Translocation","code":"C3420","definitions":[{"description":"A genetic exchange where a piece of one chromosome is transferred to another chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromosomal Translocation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromosomal 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Diploidy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL978380"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Near Diploid"}]}}{"C28450":{"preferredName":"Tetraploidy","code":"C28450","definitions":[{"description":"A numerical chromosomal abnormality characterized by the presence of four complete sets of chromosomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tetraploid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tetraploid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetraploidy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tetraploidy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0333694"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tetraploidy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tetraploid"}]}}{"C327":{"preferredName":"CA19-9 Antigen","code":"C327","definitions":[{"description":"CA 19-9 is a fucosylated glycosphingolipid carbohydrate antigen that is soluble and is adsorbed to erythrocytes and to many adenocarcinomas of the digestive tract, especially pancreatic tumors. By structure CA 19-9 is related to the Lewis blood group antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CA-19-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA19-9","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CA19-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CA19-9 Antigen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CA19-9 Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer Antigen 19-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLeA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl Le(a) Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl LeA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl LewisA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialyl-Lewis A","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialylated Lewis (a) Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialylated Lewis a Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006613"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CA19-9_Antigen"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:61793"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CA19-9"}]}}{"C16384":{"preferredName":"Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 5","code":"C16384","definitions":[{"description":"Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (702 aa, ~77 kDa) is encoded by the human CEACAM5 gene. This protein is involved in cell-cell adhesion, apotosis regulation and signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD66e Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CEA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEACAM5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoembryonic Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoembryonic Antigen CGM2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 5","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meconium Antigen 100","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"114890"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2352715"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CD66E_Antigen"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CEA"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P06731"}]}}{"C26149":{"preferredName":"B-Cell Lymphoma 6 Protein","code":"C26149","definitions":[{"description":"B-cell lymphoma 6 protein (706 aa, ~79 kDa) is encoded by the human BCL6 gene. This protein is involved in transcriptional repression, apoptosis regulation and cell cycle progression.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma 5 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma 6 Protein","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma 6 Protein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma 6 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"B-cell CLL/Lymphoma-6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL-5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL-6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"BCL6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL6 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cys-His2 Zinc Finger Transcription Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAZ-3 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAZ3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protein LAZ-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ZNF51","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zinc Finger Protein 51","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Zinc Finger and BTB Domain-Containing Protein 27","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"B-Cell Lymphoma 6 Protein is a zinc finger transcription factor containing an N-terminal POZ domain. It acts as a sequence-specific repressor of transcription and its activity is dependent upon DNA-binding and on the N-terminal region containing the POZ motif. This protein can interact with a variety of POZ-containing proteins that function as transcription corepressors. Target genes have roles in B-cell activation, B-cell differentiation, inflammation, and cell cycle control. Expression of BCL6 in some B-cells early in the antigen response may skew them toward a germinal center fate, away from a plasma cell fate. The BCL6 gene is found to be frequently translocated and hypermutated in diffuse large-cell lymphoma (DLCL), and may be involved in the pathogenesis of DLCL. (from OMIM, and LocusLink)"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"109565"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1448774"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"B-Cell_Lymphoma-6_Protein"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"BCL6"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P41182"}]}}{"C17988":{"preferredName":"G1/S-Specific Cyclin-D1","code":"C17988","definitions":[{"description":"G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (295 aa, ~34 kDa) is encoded by the human CCND1 gene. This protein is involved in the regulation of the G1/S transition of the cell cycle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCL-1 Oncogene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCND1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CCND1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CCND1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin D","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin D1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cyclin D1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin-D1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cyclin-D1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"D11S287E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1/S-Specific Cyclin D1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1/S-Specific Cyclin D1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1/S-Specific Cyclin-D1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"G1/S-Specific Cyclin-D1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G1/S-Specific Cyclin-D1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"G1/S-Specific Cyclin-D1a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRAD1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRAD1 Oncogene","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"U21B31","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Essential for control of the G1/S transition, cyclin D1 interacts with CDK4 and CDK6 to form a serine/threonine kinase holoenzyme and imparts substrate specificity to the complex. RB regulates cyclin D1 gene expression. Cyclin D1 expression may identify Barrett's esophagus patients at high risk for esophageal carcinoma; risk of progression to adenocarcinoma exhibits an odds ratio of 6.85. The BCL1 and PRAD1 oncogenes involve cyclin D1 gene translocations. (J Natl Cancer Inst 2000. 92:1282 & 1316, SWISS-PROT, OMIM)"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"168461"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1741716"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cyclin-D1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CCND1"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P24385"}]}}{"C16836":{"preferredName":"Neprilysin","code":"C16836","definitions":[{"description":"Neprilysin (750 aa, ~86 kDa) is encoded by the human MME gene. This protein is involved in the metabolism of biologically active peptides.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen CD10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atriopeptidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CALLA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD10","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD10 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Common ALL Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC 3.4.24.11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enkephalinase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MME","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Membrane Metalloendopeptidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neprilysin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neprilysin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neprilysin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Neutral Endopeptidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SFE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Fibroblast Elastase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Membrane Metalloendopeptidase is a zinc-binding type II transmembrane glycoprotein that preferentially cleaves Gly-Phe bonds of peptides at the N side of hydrophobic residues and inactivates several peptide hormones, including insulin, glucagon, enkephalins, substance P, neurotensin, oxytocin, and bradykinin, as well as casein, hemoglobin, and other proteins and polypeptides. An important cell surface marker of human acute lymphocytic leukemia, MME is present on pre-B leukemic cells, which represent 85% of cases of ALL."},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"120520"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025250"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Membrane_Metalloendopeptidase"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD10"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P08473"}]}}{"C17328":{"preferredName":"Mast/Stem Cell Growth Factor Receptor Kit","code":"C17328","definitions":[{"description":"A protein on the surface of some cells that binds to biologic substance called stem cell factor (SCF). SCF causes certain types of blood cells to grow. The stem cell factor receptor is found at high levels or in a changed form on some types of cancer cells. This may cause these cells to grow rapidly when SCF is present. The stem cell factor receptor is a type of receptor tyrosine kinase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit (976 aa, ~110 kDa) is encoded by the human KIT gene. This protein is involved in cell survival, tyrosine phosphorylation and ligand-mediated signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen CD117","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-KIT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD117","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD117","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD117 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC 2.7.10.1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KIT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KIT (CD117)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Growth Factor Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast/Stem Cell Growth Factor Receptor Kit","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mast/Stem Cell Growth Factor Receptor Kit","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PBT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Piebald Trait Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine-Protein Kinase Kit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proto-Oncogene c-Kit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCF Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCFR","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCFR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stem Cell Factor Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tyrosine-Protein Kinase Kit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"c-kit receptor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"p145 c-kit","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"stem cell factor receptor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 Feline Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"164920"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0072470"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stem_Cell_Factor_Receptor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD117"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P10721"}]}}{"C96914":{"preferredName":"Syndecan-1","code":"C96914","definitions":[{"description":"Syndecan-1 (310 aa, ~32 kDa) is encoded by the human SDC1 gene. This protein is involved in the mediation of cell adhesion, signaling and cytoskeletal organization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen CD138","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD138","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD138","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD138 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYND1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syndecan-1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Syndecan-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syndecan-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"186355"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0753253"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD138"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P18827"}]}}{"C17488":{"preferredName":"Monocyte Differentiation Antigen CD14","code":"C17488","definitions":[{"description":"Monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (375 aa, ~40 kDa) is encoded by the human CD14 gene. This protein plays a role in the innate immune response to lipopolysaccharide exposure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD14","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD14","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD14 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipopolysaccharide Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monocyte Differentiation Antigen CD14","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monocyte Differentiation Antigen CD14","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Cell-Specific Leucine-Rich Glycoprotein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"158120"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0108768"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CD14_Antigen"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD14"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P08571"}]}}{"C96898":{"preferredName":"CD15 Antigen","code":"C96898","definitions":[{"description":"A carbohydrate molecule found on the surface of neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes. It is involved in neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis. Expression of this antigen is associated with Hodgkin disease, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3-Fucosyl-N-Acetyl-Lactosamine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD15","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD15","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD15 Antigen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD15 Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD15 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"LeX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lewis X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LewisX Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSEA-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigen 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0080188"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD15"}]}}{"C38894":{"preferredName":"B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD19","code":"C38894","definitions":[{"description":"B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 (556 aa, ~61 kDa) is encoded by the human CD19 gene. This protein is involved in enhancing B-cell receptor-dependent signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD19","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Surface Antigen B4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD19","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD19 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Differentiation Antigen CD19","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leu-12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Surface Antigen Leu-12","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"When B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 complexes with the B-cell receptor, the threshold for antigen receptor-dependent stimulation of B lymphocyte proliferation is decreased. Additionally, CD19 functions as an adapter protein for Src family kinase amplification, which is crucial for antigen receptor-induced signal transduction."},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"107265"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0108748"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CD19_Antigen"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD19"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P15391"}]}}{"C38896":{"preferredName":"B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD20","code":"C38896","definitions":[{"description":"B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 (297 aa, ~33 kDa) is encoded by the human MS4A1 gene. This protein plays a role in both the activation and proliferation of B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD20","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Antigen CD20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Surface Antigen B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bp35","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD20","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD20 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD20 Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leu-16","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MS4A1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Membrane-Spanning 4-Domains Subfamily A Member 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Expressed during B-cell ontogeny (early pre-B-cell to plasma cell) by human CD20 Gene (MS4A Family), 297-aa 33-kDa CD20 Antigen is a phosphorylated cell surface integral membrane protein shown to participate in B-cell proliferation, development, and differentiation into plasma cells. MS4A family proteins share structural similarity, sequence homology, and unique expression patterns among hematopoietic cells and nonlymphoid tissues. MS4A proteins contain 4 highly conserved transmembrane domains, flanked by N- and C-terminal cytoplasmic regions. CD20 may be involved in regulation of B-cell activation and may be regulated by protein kinases."},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"112210"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054946"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CD20_Antigen"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD20"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P11836"}]}}{"C17279":{"preferredName":"B-Cell Receptor CD22","code":"C17279","definitions":[{"description":"B-cell receptor CD22 (847 aa, ~95 kDa) is encoded by the human CD22 gene. This protein is involved in B-cell/B-cell interactions and downstream signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Cell Antigen CD22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Receptor CD22","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B-Cell Receptor CD22","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Receptor CD22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"B-Lymphocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BL-CAM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD22","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD22","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD22 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lyb8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialic Acid-Binding Ig-Like Lectin 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialic Acid-Binding Immunoglobulin-Like Lectin 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Siglec-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Surface Antigen Leu-14","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"The CD22 gene is expressed in pro-B cells as a cytoplasmic protein and later as a cell surface protein, persisting until they differentiate into plasma cells. CD22 antigen is a glycoprotein heterodimer with two subunits from separate precursor molecules that arise by differential RNA processing of the same gene. The larger subunit is composed of an extracellular portion of seven Ig domains and a smaller subunit of five Ig domains. Structurally related to MAG, NCAM, and CEA, CD22 participates in adhesion between B-cells and other cell types. Conserved ITIM motifs in inhibitory receptors are sites for phosphorylation by a SRC kinase and dephosphorylation by tyrosine phosphatase SHP1 or inositol phosphatase SHIP, transducing signals to distinct pathways. CD22 ITIMs interact with SHP1 and oppose activation mediated by the B-cell receptor. CD22 is a negative regulator of antigen receptor signaling."},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"107266"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1505685"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CD22_Antigen"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD22"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P20273"}]}}{"C96902":{"preferredName":"Low Affinity Immunoglobulin Epsilon Fc Receptor","code":"C96902","definitions":[{"description":"Low affinity immunoglobulin epsilon Fc receptor (321 aa, ~36 kDa) is encoded by the human FCER2 gene. This protein is involved in B cell differentiation and IgE production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen CD23","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BLAST-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C-Type Lectin Domain Family 4 Member J","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD23","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD23","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD23 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fc-Epsilon-RII","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin E-Binding Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Affinity Immunoglobulin Epsilon Fc Receptor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Low Affinity Immunoglobulin Epsilon Fc Receptor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Affinity Immunoglobulin Epsilon Fc Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte IgE Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"151445"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2744538"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD23"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P06734"}]}}{"C17073":{"preferredName":"Interleukin-2 Receptor Subunit Alpha","code":"C17073","definitions":[{"description":"Interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha (272 aa, ~31 kDa) is encoded by the human IL2RA gene. This protein plays a role in interleukin-2-dependent signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD25","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD25","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD25","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"IL-2 Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-2 Receptor Subunit Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-2-RA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-2R","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL-2R Subunit Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL2 Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL2-RA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL2R","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IL2RA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin 2 Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin 2 Receptor, Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-2 Receptor Alpha Chain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interleukin-2 Receptor Subunit Alpha","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Interleukin-2 Receptor Subunit Alpha","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Affinity Interleukin 2 Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Growth Factor Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAC Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"p55","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"The interleukin 2 (IL2) receptor alpha (IL2RA) and beta (IL2RB) chains, together with the common gamma chain (IL2RG), constitute the high-affinity IL2 receptor. Homodimeric alpha chains (IL2RA) result in low-affinity receptor, while homodimeric beta (IL2RB) chains produce a medium-affinity receptor. Normally an integral-membrane protein, soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolysis. (LocusLink)"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"147730"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1700887"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Interleukin-2_Receptor_Alpha"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD25"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P01589"}]}}{"C38897":{"preferredName":"CD3 Complex","code":"C38897","definitions":[{"description":"Consisting of cell surface type I membrane Delta, Epsilon, Gamma, Zeta, and Eta protein subunits with ITAM domains and noncovalently associated with the disulfide bound heterodimeric alpha/beta and gamma/delta TCR, the CD3 complex couples receptor antigen recognition to signal transduction pathways during T-cell activation. During TCR engagement with MHC-associated antigen on host cell surfaces and synapse formation, CD3 activity leads to Tyr-phosphorylated CD3 subunits, Tyr phosphorylation of LAT colocalized in lipid rafts, and MAPK activation. CD3 signal transduction appears to involve LCK, ZAP70, Nck, SLA, SLA2, and DOCK2. CD3 subunits may also associate with the cytoskeleton. CD3 also mediates TCR signal transduction during the developmental transition through positive selection of immature thymocytes to mature CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD3 Complex","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"CD3 Complex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD3 Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T3 Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0108779"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CD3_Complex"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD3"}]}}{"C38906":{"preferredName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 8","code":"C38906","definitions":[{"description":"Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8 (595 aa, ~ 64 kDa) is encoded by the human TNFRSF8 gene. This protein is involved in ligand-mediated signal transduction, the positive regulation of apoptosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen CD30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD30","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD30","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"CD30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD30 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD30L Receptor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cytokine Receptor CD30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ki-1 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Activation Antigen CD30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoid Activation Antigen CD30","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNF Receptor 8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TNFRSF8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 8","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 8","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 8","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8 is a receptor for TNFSF8/CD30L and interacts with the TRAF1, TRAF2, TRAF3, and TRAF5. (UniProt)"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"153243"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054950"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"TNF_Receptor-8"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD30"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P28908"}]}}{"C97246":{"preferredName":"Myeloid Cell Surface Antigen CD33","code":"C97246","definitions":[{"description":"Myeloid cell surface antigen CD33 (364 aa, ~40 kDa) is encoded by the human CD33 gene. This protein is involved in the mediation of cell adhesion and the regulation of cell-cell signaling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen CD33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD33 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Cell Surface Antigen CD33","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myeloid Cell Surface Antigen CD33","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Differentiation Antigen CD33","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialic Acid-Binding Ig-Like Lectin 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialic Acid-Binding Immunoglobulin-Like Lectin 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Siglec-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gp67","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"159590"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3491277"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD33"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P20138"}]}}{"C17280":{"preferredName":"Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Antigen CD34","code":"C17280","definitions":[{"description":"Hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34 (385 aa, ~41 kDa) is encoded by the human CD34 gene. This protein plays a role in cell-cell adhesion and may have a role in leukocyte migration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD34","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD34","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD34","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD34 antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HPCA1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Antigen CD34","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Antigen CD34","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gp105-120","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"A protein found on the surface of some bone marrow and blood cells. Glycoproteins found on immature hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. They are the only molecules to date whose expression within the blood system is restricted to a small number of progenitor cells in the bone marrow."},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"142230"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054953"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"CD34_Antigen"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD34"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P28906"}]}}{"C17282":{"preferredName":"Receptor-Type Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase C","code":"C17282","definitions":[{"description":"Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C (1304 aa, ~147 kDa) is encoded by the human PTPRC gene. This protein plays a role in protein dephosphorylation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD45","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD45","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"CD45","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD45 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC 3.1.3.48","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L-CA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukocyte Common Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTPRC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Receptor-Type Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase C","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Receptor-Type Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase C","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T200","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T200 Glycoprotein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"151460"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054961"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Protein_Tyrosine_Phosphatase_Receptor_Type-C"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD45"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P08575"}]}}{"C73124":{"preferredName":"T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD5","code":"C73124","definitions":[{"description":"T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5 (495 aa, ~54 kDa) is encoded by the human CD5 gene. This protein may be involved in regulating the proliferation of T-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD5 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Antigen CD5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Antigen T1/Leu-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD5","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5 is a membrane bound glycoprotein expressed on all mature T-cells, thymocytes, and a subset of mature B-cells. Antibodies that specifically bind to CD5 can enhance T-cell receptor-mediated T-cell activation. This protein can bind to CD72 antigen. (Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"153340"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054964"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T-Cell_Surface_Glycoprotein_CD5"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD5"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P06127"}]}}{"C25276":{"preferredName":"Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 1","code":"C25276","definitions":[{"description":"Neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (761 aa, ~84 kDa) is encoded by the human NCAM1 gene. This protein is involved in the mediation of neuron-neuron adhesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen MSK39 Identified By Monoclonal Antibody 5.1H11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD56","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD56","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD56 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-CAM-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCAM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCAM-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NCAM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NKH-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule is a membrane-bound glycoprotein member of the Ig superfamily that binds to a variety of other cell adhesion proteins involved in diverse contact-mediated interactions. NCAM appears on early embryonic cells and is important in the formation of cell collectives at sites of morphogenesis. Later it is found on differentiated neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and myotubes and mediates neuronal adhesion, guidance, and differentiation. NCAM plays a role in cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion through homophilic and heterophilic binding. The invertebrate cell adhesion molecules fasciclin II (grasshoppers and Drosophila) and apCAM (Aplysia) are related to NCAM and can mediate homophilic cell aggregation. Four main isoforms exist, including CD56, but many variants result from alternative splicing and post-translational modifications."},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"116930"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1999531"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neural_Cell_Adhesion_Molecule"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD56"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P13591"}]}}{"C38935":{"preferredName":"T-Cell Antigen CD7","code":"C38935","definitions":[{"description":"T-cell antigen CD7 (240 aa, ~25 kDa) is encoded by the human CD7 gene. This protein plays a role in the development and function of lymphoid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CD7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD7 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GP40","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leu-9","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Antigen CD7","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"T-Cell Antigen CD7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Leukemia Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TP41","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Expressed in thymocytes and mature T cells by human CD7 Gene (Immunoglobulin Superfamily), 240-aa 25-kDa (precursor) T-Cell Antigen CD7 is a cell surface type I transmembrane glycoprotein that interacts with SECTM1, contains an Ig-like domain, and is essential in T-cell interactions and in T-cell/B-cell interaction during early lymphoid development. One of the earliest antigens on cells of the T-lymphocyte lineage, CD7 is the most reliable clinical marker of T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia."},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"186820"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0054968"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T-Cell_Antigen_CD7"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD7"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P09564"}]}}{"C97423":{"preferredName":"B-Cell Antigen Receptor Complex-Associated Protein Alpha Chain","code":"C97423","definitions":[{"description":"B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein alpha chain (226 aa, ~25 kDa) is encoded by the human CD79A gene. This protein is involved in the modulation of signaling in and proliferation of B-cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen CD79a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Antigen Receptor Complex-Associated Protein Alpha Chain","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B-Cell Antigen Receptor Complex-Associated Protein Alpha Chain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD79A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD79a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CD79a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CD79a Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ig-Alpha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MB-1 Membrane Glycoprotein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Membrane-Bound Immunoglobulin-Associated Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Surface IgM-Associated Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"112205"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0286618"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CD79A"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P11912"}]}}{"C16692":{"preferredName":"HLA-DR Antigen","code":"C16692","definitions":[{"description":"Encoded by multiple HLA-DRA and HLA-DRB genes in a complex variable 5 cM region of MHC between HLA-B and -D, HLA-DR Antigens are Class II histocompatibility transmembrane glycoprotein heterodimers of alpha (heavy, 35-kD) and beta (light, 27-kD) chains. Located predominantly on B cells and macrophages, HLA-DR antigens function in antigen presentation to regulatory T cells in the immune response and in self/nonself discrimination. Invariant alpha and polymorphic beta chains have glycosylated N-termini, hydrophobic membrane regions, and hydrophilic C-termini. The heterodimer consists of 4 extracellular domains; invariant alpha-1, polymorphic N-terminal beta-1, and conserved Ig-like alpha-2 and beta-2. Alpha-1 and alpha-2 contain disulfide loops. Beta-1 contains 2 small variable regions. Alpha sequences have relatively simple structure; beta chains carry the major polymorphic determinants.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HLA-DR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"HLA-DR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HLA-DR","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"HLA-DR Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Leukocyte Antigen - DR Isotype","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Leukocyte Antigen-DR Isotype","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019764"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"HLA-DR_Antigen"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"HLA-DR"}]}}{"C17675":{"preferredName":"Antigen KI-67","code":"C17675","definitions":[{"description":"Antigen KI-67 protein (3256 aa, ~359 kDa) is encoded by the human MKI67 gene. This protein is required for cell proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen Identified by Monoclonal Antibody Ki-67","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antigen KI-67","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Antigen KI-67","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"KIA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ki-67 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ki67","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"MIB-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MKI67","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MKI67 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferation-Related Ki-67 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Detection of Antigen KI-67 is used to locate proliferating cells in neoplastic diseases. (OMIM)"},{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Antigen KI-67 protein expression occurs during late G1, S, G2, and M phases of the cell cycle, while in cells in G0 phase the protein cannot be detected. The protein is located in the perinucleolar region during G1 phase. In the later phases it is detected throughout the nuclear interior, predominantly in the nuclear matrix. In mitosis, it is present on all chromosomes. (SwissProt)"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"176741"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0208804"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Proliferation-Related-Ki-67_Antigen"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ki67"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P46013"}]}}{"C20887":{"preferredName":"Mesothelin","code":"C20887","definitions":[{"description":"A protein found on the surface of certain types of normal cells and cancer cells. Mesothelin may help these cells stick together and send signals. A higher-than-normal amount of mesothelin is found on some cancer cells, including mesothelioma, pancreatic cancer, and ovarian cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Mesothelin (630 aa, ~69 kDa) is encoded by the human MSLN gene. This protein may play a role in cellular adhesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAK1 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MSLN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mesothelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mesothelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pre-Pro-Megakaryocyte-Potentiating Factor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mesothelin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"An antibody that reacts with ovarian cancers and mesotheliomas was used to isolate a cell surface antigen named mesothelin. Although the function of mesothelin is unknown, it may play a role in cellular adhesion and is present on mesothelium, mesotheliomas, and ovarian cancers. Three transcript variants have been described for this gene and their protein products were initially named megakaryocyte potentiating factor (MPF), mesothelin, and the soluble member(s) of the mesothelin/MPF family. The protein isoform named MPF is a cytokine with megakaryocyte potentiating activity. The soluble member encoded by the third splice variant is detected in ovarian carcinoma; the full length sequence of the third variant has not been described. (LocusLink)"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"601051"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1429990"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mesothelin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesothelin"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"Q13421"}]}}{"C62216":{"preferredName":"Gamma-Enolase","code":"C62216","definitions":[{"description":"Gamma-enolase (434 aa, ~47 kDa) is encoded by the human ENO2 gene. This protein is involved in glycolysis, neurotrophy and neuroprotection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2-Phospho-D-Glycerate Hydro-Lyase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC 4.2.1.11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ENO2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enolase 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma-Enolase","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gamma-Enolase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"NSE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"NSE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Neural Enolase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuron-Specific Enolase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphopyruvate Hydratase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Gamma-enolase protein levels are significantly elevated in brain tumors and Creutzfeld-Jacob disease. Cardiovascular accidents and cerebral trauma also cause dramatic increases in levels of this protein."},{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Gamma-enolase is expressed specifically in neurons."},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"131360"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880904"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gamma-Enolase"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"NSE"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P09104"}]}}{"C17525":{"preferredName":"Prostate-Specific Antigen","code":"C17525","definitions":[{"description":"A protein made by the prostate gland and found in the blood. Prostate-specific antigen blood levels may be higher than normal in men who have prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or infection or inflammation of the prostate gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Prostate-specific antigen (261 aa, ~29 kDa) is encoded by the human KLK3 gene. This protein plays a role in both proteolysis and seminal fluid liquefaction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Antigen, Prostate-Specific","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC 3.4.21.77","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma-Seminoprotein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KLK3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kallikrein-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"P-30 Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Prostate Specific Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Specific Antigen Preproprotein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate-Specific Antigen","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prostate-Specific Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate-Specific Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Semenogelase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seminin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"prostate-specific antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"The serum level of PSA is used in diagnosis and monitoring of prostatic carcinoma, benign prostate hyperplasia, or infection or inflammation of the prostate."},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"176820"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0138741"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Prostate-Specific_Antigen"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P07288"}]}}{"C120660":{"preferredName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen Measurement","code":"C120660","definitions":[{"description":"A measurement of the squamous cell carcinoma antigen in a biological specimen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The determination of the squamous cell carcinoma antigen present in a sample.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SCCAG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Serpin B3/B4 Measurement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen (SCCA)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen Measurement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4049934"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen (SCCA)"}]}}{"C325":{"preferredName":"CA-125 Antigen","code":"C325","definitions":[{"description":"A substance that may be found in high amounts in the blood of patients with certain types of cancer, including ovarian cancer. 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Linker Histone H1 interacts with DNA between nucleosome units in mediating chromatin compaction into higher order structures. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Histone H3","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019647"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Histone-H3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H3"}]}}{"C16686":{"preferredName":"Histone H4","code":"C16686","definitions":[{"description":"Histone H4 (103 aa, ~11 kDa) is encoded by the human H4C1, H4C2, H4C3, H4C4, H4C5, H4C6, H4C6, H4C8, H4C9, H4C11, H4C12, H4C13, H4C14, H4C15, H4-16 genes. This protein plays a role in nucleating the formation of high order chromatin structures as a part of nucleosomes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"HIST1H4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone 1, H4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histone H4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Histone H4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Histone H4 is encoded for by a cluster of genes that are clustered in the vicinity of 6p21.33 and all have the same SwissProt identifier."},{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Histone H4 is a core subunit of the eukaryotic nucleosome complex. Histones are basic nuclear proteins responsible for the nucleosome structure of chromatin. Repeating nucleosome units contain two molecules each of Histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 that form an octamer complex around which approximately 146 base pairs of DNA is wrapped. The nucleosome interacts with DNA between nucleosome units in mediating chromatin compaction into higher order structures."},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"602833"},{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"602830"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019648"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Histone-H4"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"H4"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"P62805"}]}}{"C45825":{"preferredName":"Heterozygosity","code":"C45825","definitions":[{"description":"Occurs when the two alleles at a particular gene locus are different. A heterozygous genotype may include one normal allele and one mutation, or two different mutations. 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Ribonucleic acid contains information that has been copied from DNA (the other type of nucleic acid). Cells make several different forms of ribonucleic acid, and each form has a specific job in the cell. Many forms of ribonucleic acid have functions related to making proteins. Ribonucleic acid is also the genetic material of some viruses instead of DNA. Ribonucleic acid can be made in the laboratory and used in research studies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Single-stranded long chain of nucleotides containing ribose. It is the end product of DNA transcription by the enzyme RNA polymerase. It is essential in protein synthesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Single-stranded long chain of nucleotides containing ribose. It is the end product of DNA transcription by the enzyme RNA polymerase. 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(NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Blood that has not been separated into its various components; blood that has not been modified except for the addition of an anticoagulant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Peripheral Whole Blood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"WHOLE BLOOD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Whole Blood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Whole Blood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Whole Blood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0370231"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Whole_Blood"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Blood Derived Normal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peripheral Whole Blood"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"10"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0000178"}]}}{"C13356":{"preferredName":"Plasma","code":"C13356","definitions":[{"description":"The clear, yellowish, fluid part of the blood that carries the blood cells. The proteins that form blood clots are in plasma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The fluid (acellular) portion of the circulating blood with retained clotting components.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Plasma is the fluid (noncellular) portion of the circulating blood, as distinguished from the serum that is the fluid portion of the blood obtained by removal of the fibrin clot and blood cells after coagulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLASMA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Plasma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Plasma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"plasma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032105"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Plasma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plasma"}]}}{"C3331":{"preferredName":"Pleural Effusion","code":"C3331","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by an increase in amounts of fluid within the pleural cavity. Symptoms include shortness of breath, cough and marked chest discomfort.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"An abnormal collection of fluid between the thin layers of tissue (pleura) lining the lung and the wall of the chest cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Increased amounts of fluid within the pleural cavity. Symptoms include shortness of breath, cough, and chest pain.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Increased amounts of fluid within the pleural cavity. Symptoms include shortness of breath, cough, and chest pain. It is usually caused by lung infections, congestive heart failure, pleural and lung tumors, connective tissue disorders, and trauma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLEURAL_EFFUSION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Pleural Effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pleural Effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pleural Effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural Effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pleural Effusion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pleural effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Pleural effusion, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"pleural effusion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032227"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pleural_Effusion"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Pleural Effusion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleural effusion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unspecified pleural effusion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleural Effusion"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0731"}]}}{"C13275":{"preferredName":"Saliva","code":"C13275","definitions":[{"description":"A clear liquid secreted by the salivary glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The watery fluid in the mouth made by the salivary glands. Saliva moistens food to help digestion and it helps protect the mouth against infections.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The watery fluid in the mouth made by the salivary glands. Saliva moistens food to help digestion and it helps protect the mouth against infections.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Head and Neck, Saliva","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SALIVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Saliva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Saliva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"saliva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036087"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Saliva"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Saliva"}]}}{"C13325":{"preferredName":"Serum","code":"C13325","definitions":[{"description":"The clear liquid part of the blood that remains after blood cells and clotting proteins have been removed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The clear portion of the blood that remains after the removal of the blood cells and the clotting proteins. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The clear portion of the blood that remains after the removal of the blood cells and the clotting proteins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SERUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Serum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Serum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"serum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229671"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Serum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serum"}]}}{"C164014":{"preferredName":"Solid Tissue Specimen","code":"C164014","definitions":[{"description":"A biological sample containing components collected from non-liquid tissue of an experimental subject.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Solid Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Solid Tissue Sample","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solid Tissue Specimen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977215"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solid Tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solid Tissue Normal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"11"}]}}{"C126974":{"preferredName":"Sorted Cells","code":"C126974","definitions":[{"description":"Cells separated and collected from a heterogeneous population based on physical, phenotypic, biochemical, and/or molecular properties, regardless of technique.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sorted Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sorted Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sorted Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL508211"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sorted Cells"}]}}{"C13278":{"preferredName":"Sputum","code":"C13278","definitions":[{"description":"Material containing mucus, cellular debris, microorganisms and sometimes blood or pus. It is ejected through the mouth from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Material containing mucus, cellular debris, microorganisms and sometimes blood or pus. It is ejected through the mouth from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SPUTUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sputum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sputum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sputum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038056"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sputum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sputum"}]}}{"C84513":{"preferredName":"Whole Bone Marrow","code":"C84513","definitions":[{"description":"Bone marrow sample containing a mixture of different types of stem cells, including hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and multipotent progenitor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"WBM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Whole Bone Marrow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Whole Bone Marrow","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827482"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Whole Bone Marrow"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bone Marrow Normal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"14"}]}}{"C25408":{"preferredName":"Adjacent","code":"C25408","definitions":[{"description":"Next to or adjoining.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adjacent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adjacent","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205117"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adjacent"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adjacent (< or = 2cm)"}]}}{"C25237":{"preferredName":"Distal","code":"C25237","definitions":[{"description":"In medicine, refers to a part of the body that is farther away from the center of the body than another part. For example, the fingers are distal to the shoulder. The opposite is proximal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Situated farthest from a point of reference.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Situated farthest from a point of attachment or origin, as of a limb or bone; or directed away from the midline of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DISTAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Distal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Distal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Distal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"distal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205108"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Distal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Distal (>2cm)"}]}}{"C172322":{"preferredName":"Buccal Mucosal Resection","code":"C172322","definitions":[{"description":"Surgical removal of the mucosal lining of the inside of the cheek through the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Buccal Mucosal Resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Buccal Mucosal Resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1406180"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Buccal Mucosal Resection"}]}}{"C161002":{"preferredName":"Deep Parotidectomy","code":"C161002","definitions":[{"description":"Surgical removal of part or all of the deep lobe of the parotid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Deep Parotidectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Deep Parotidectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parotidectomy, deep","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969979"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Deep Parotidectomy"}]}}{"C160999":{"preferredName":"Endolaryngeal Excision","code":"C160999","definitions":[{"description":"Surgical excision performed through the mouth and glottic opening.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endolaryngeal Excision","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Endolaryngeal Excision","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endolaryngeal excision","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969981"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endolaryngeal Excision"}]}}{"C15701":{"preferredName":"Total Hysterectomy","code":"C15701","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove the entire uterus, including the cervix.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A surgical procedure to remove the uterine body and cervix. -- 2004","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Full Hysterectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Simple Hysterectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Simple Hysterectomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Total Hysterectomy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Total Hysterectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"complete hysterectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"total hysterectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677962"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Total_Hysterectomy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Simple Hysterectomy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Full Hysterectomy"}]}}{"C51604":{"preferredName":"Glossectomy","code":"C51604","definitions":[{"description":"Surgical removal of all or part of the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Surgery involving partial or complete excision of the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Excision of Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glossectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Glossectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Resection of Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"glossectomy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017673"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glossectomy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glossectomy"}]}}{"C131672":{"preferredName":"Gross Total Resection","code":"C131672","definitions":[{"description":"Surgical removal of an entire visible lesion, with no obvious lesion detected on post-operative evaluation; microscopic residual disease may be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Surgical removal of an entire visible lesion, with no obvious lesion detected on post-operative evaluation; microscopic residual disease may be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Complete Resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Gross Total","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Gross Total Resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gross Total Resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gross Total Resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gross Total Resection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL514299"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Gross Total Resection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gross Total Resection"}]}}{"C15256":{"preferredName":"Hysterectomy","code":"C15256","definitions":[{"description":"Surgery to remove the uterus and, sometimes, the cervix. When the uterus and the cervix are removed, it is called a total hysterectomy. 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The classification of acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) encompasses four major categories: 1) AML with recurrent genetic abnormalities; 2) AML with multilineage dysplasia; 3) Therapy-related AML; 4) AML not otherwise specified. The required bone marrow or peripheral blood blast percentage for the diagnosis of AML is 20% (WHO classification).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AML","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"AML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"AML - Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANLL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ANLL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Acute Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myelogenous Leukemias","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute granulocytic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acute myeloblastic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acute myelocytic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acute myelogenous leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hematopoeitic - Acute Myleogenous Leukemia (AML)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acute myeloblastic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"acute myelogenous leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"acute myeloid leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"acute nonlymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023467"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9861/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myelogenous leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloblastic leukemia, not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myelocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute non-lymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid leukemia, acute"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9872/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9861/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloblastic leukaemia [AML]"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloblastic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute granulocytic leukemia"}]}}{"C8851":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C8851","definitions":[{"description":"A type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (cancer of the immune system) that is usually aggressive (fast-growing). It is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and is marked by rapidly growing tumors in the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bone marrow, or other organs. Other symptoms include fever, night sweats, and weight loss. There are several subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by a diffuse proliferation of predominantly large neoplastic B lymphocytes. It is the most frequently seen type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, representing 30%-40% of the cases. Morphologic variants include centroblastic lymphoma, immunoblastic lymphoma, and anaplastic lymphoma. Subtypes/entities include T-cell/histiocyte rich large B-cell lymphoma, primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system, plasmablastic lymphoma, primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type, and ALK-positive large B-cell lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DLBCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"diffuse large B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079744"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9680/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diffuse_Large_B-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, histiocytic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, large cell, cleaved and noncleaved"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-follicular lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other non-follicular lymphoma, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, large cell, diffuse, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9680/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, intrathoracic lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, intra-abdominal lymph nodes"}]}}{"C9291":{"preferredName":"Anal Carcinoma","code":"C9291","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the anus. The anus is the opening of the rectum (last part of the large intestine) to the outside of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from the anus. Anal carcinomas include the anal canal and perianal area (anal margin) carcinomas. Perianal carcinomas are staged separately as skin carcinomas in AJCC v6 and v7 editions. The AJCC v8 edition staging system applies to all carcinomas arising in the anal canal, including carcinomas that arise within anorectal fistulas and those arising in the perianal area (anal margin).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anal Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Cancer (all types)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anal cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Anal cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cancer of Anus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Anus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Anus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Anus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anal cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279637"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anal_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anal Cancer (all types)"}]}}{"C4264":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney","code":"C4264","definitions":[{"description":"A rare primary renal tumor characterized by nests or cords of cells that are separated by regularly spaced fibrovascular septa, and which are known to metastasize to lung, bone, brain and soft tissue. It is associated with internal tandem duplications in the BCOR gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare type of kidney cancer, in which the inside of the cells look clear when viewed under a microscope. Clear cell sarcoma can spread from the kidney to other organs, most commonly the bone, but also including the lungs, brain, and soft tissues of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare pediatric sarcoma affecting the kidney. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid or spindle cells forming cords or nests, separated by fibrovascular septa. It is associated with internal tandem duplications in the BCOR gene. It metastasizes to lung, bone, brain and soft tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCSK","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Kidney Clear Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Renal Clear Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Clear cell sarcoma - kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Clear cell sarcoma of kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Kidney Clear Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pediatric Kidney Clear Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pediatric Renal Clear Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Clear Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"clear cell sarcoma of the kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334488"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8964/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Sarcoma_of_the_Kidney"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell sarcoma of kidney"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8964/3"}]}}{"C8715":{"preferredName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney","code":"C8715","definitions":[{"description":"A rhabdoid tumor that arises in the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rhabdoid tumor that arises from the kidney. It occurs in children and it is associated with abnormalities of chromosome 22. It is characterized by the presence of cells with a large eccentric nucleus, prominent nucleolus, and abundant cytoplasm. The prognosis is poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kidney Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRTK","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Rhabdoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Neoplasm of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Neoplasm of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney (RTK)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumour of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumour of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid tumor (kidney) (RT)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid tumor of the kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0854917"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rhabdoid_Tumour_of_the_Kidney"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rhabdoid tumor (kidney) (RT)"}]}}{"C3017":{"preferredName":"Ependymoma","code":"C3017","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from ependymal cells that line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of brain tumor that begins in cells lining the spinal cord central canal (fluid-filled space down the center) or the ventricles (fluid-filled spaces of the brain). Ependymomas may also form in the choroid plexus (tissue in the ventricles that makes cerebrospinal fluid).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A WHO grade II, slow growing tumor of children and young adults, usually located intraventricularly. It is the most common ependymal neoplasm. It often causes clinical symptoms by blocking cerebrospinal fluid pathways. Key histological features include perivascular pseudorosettes and ependymal rosettes. (WHO)","attr":"from WHO","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS, ependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Ependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ependymoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Ependymoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"WHO Grade II Ependymal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade II Ependymal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014474"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9391/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ependymoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ependymoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CNS, ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelial ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9391/3"}]}}{"C132067":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Glioma","code":"C132067","definitions":[{"description":"A grade I or grade II glioma arising from the central nervous system. This category includes pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse astrocytoma, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, ependymoma, oligodendroglioma, oligoastrocytoma, and angiocentric glioma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS, low grade glioma (LGG)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"LGG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Glioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Low Grade Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Low Grade Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1997217"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CNS, low grade glioma (LGG)"}]}}{"C3222":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma","code":"C3222","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant brain tumor that begins in the lower part of the brain and that can spread to the spine or to other parts of the body. Medulloblastomas are a type of primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant, invasive embryonal neoplasm arising from the cerebellum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rapidly progressive cancer of the brain that originates in the cerebellum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A malignant, invasive embryonal neoplasm arising from the cerebellum or posterior fossa. It occurs predominantly in children and has the tendency to metastasize via the cerebrospinal fluid pathways. Signs and symptoms include truncal ataxia, disturbed gait, lethargy, headache, and vomiting. There are four histologic variants: classic medulloblastoma, large cell/anaplastic medulloblastoma, desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma, and medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS, medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"MEDULLOBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Medulloblastomas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025149"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9470/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Medulloblastoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Medulloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CNS, medulloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medulloblastoma"}]}}{"C3720":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","code":"C3720","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is usually of the T-cell type. The cancer cells express a marker called CD30 or Ki-1 on the surface, and may appear in the lymph nodes, skin, bones, soft tissues, lungs, or liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A peripheral (mature) T-cell lymphoma, consisting of usually large anaplastic, CD30 positive cells. The majority of cases are positive for the anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK) protein. The most frequently seen genetic alteration is a t(2;5) translocation. Majority of patients present with advanced disease. The most important prognostic indicator is ALK positivity, which has been associated with a favorable prognosis. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALCL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, CD30+","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD30 Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ki-1 Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ki-1+ ALCL","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ki-1+ Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NHL, anaplastic large cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"anaplastic large cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206180"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9714/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anaplastic_Large_Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, T cell and Null cell type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, T-cell and Null-cell type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large cell (Ki-1+) lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"NHL, anaplastic large cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, unspecified site, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma involving lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9714/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, CD30+"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma involving lymph nodes of multiple sites"}]}}{"C2912":{"preferredName":"Burkitt Lymphoma","code":"C2912","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that occurs most often in children and young adults. The disease may affect the jaw, central nervous system, bowel, kidneys, ovaries, or other organs. There are three main types of Burkitt lymphoma (sporadic, endemic, and immunodeficiency related). Sporadic Burkitt lymphoma occurs throughout the world, and endemic Burkitt lymphoma occurs in Africa. Immunodeficiency-related Burkitt lymphoma is most often seen in AIDS patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A highly aggressive lymphoma composed of monomorphic medium-sized B-cells with basophilic cytoplasm and numerous mitotic figures. It is often associated with the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and is commonly seen in AIDS patients. Three morphologic variants are recognized: classical Burkitt lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma with plasmacytoid differentiation, and atypical Burkitt/Burkitt-like lymphoma. All cases express the MYC translocation [t(8;14)]. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Burkitt Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Burkitt Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Burkitt Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Burkitt Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Burkitt's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt's lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NHL, Burkitt lymphoma (BL)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Small Non-Cleaved Cell Lymphoma, Burkitt's 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Ruptured","code":"C164044","definitions":[{"description":"A microscopy finding indicating that a portion of the ovarian capsule in a biopsy has ruptured.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Capsule Ruptured","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ovarian Capsule Ruptured","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977187"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ovarian Capsule Ruptured"}]}}{"C164045":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Capsule Fragmented","code":"C164045","definitions":[{"description":"A microscopy finding indicating that a portion of the ovarian capsule in a biopsy was fragmented.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Capsule Fragmented","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ovarian Capsule 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For other conditions, a process that is not seriously resistant to treatment or dangerous to health.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Malignant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Non-Malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonmalignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nonmalignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518371"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Non-Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-Malignant"}]}}{"C126862":{"preferredName":"Unsatisfactory","code":"C126862","definitions":[{"description":"Failing to meet the quantitative or qualitative measures for the needs of a situation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inadequate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Insufficient","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unsatisfactory","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unsatisfactory","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0439856"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unsatisfactory"}]}}{"C158080":{"preferredName":"Deep Gray Matter","code":"C158080","definitions":[{"description":"The gray matter that includes the basal ganglia and/or thalamus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Deep Gray (e.g. Basal Ganglia, Thalamus)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Deep Gray (e.g. Basal ganglia or Thalamus)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Deep Gray Matter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL937697"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Deep Gray (e.g. Basal Ganglia, Thalamus)"}]}}{"C12354":{"preferredName":"Parietal Lobe","code":"C12354","definitions":[{"description":"One of the lobes of the cerebral hemisphere located superiorly to the occipital lobe and posteriorly to the frontal lobe. 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White matter is distinguished in that it is composed of axonal nerve fibers covered by a myelin sheath.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"WHITE MATTER TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"White Matter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"White Matter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"White Matter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"White Matter","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0682708"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"White_Matter"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"White Matter"}]}}{"C28077":{"preferredName":"Grade 1","code":"C28077","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic qualifier by the American Joint Cancer Committee (AJCC) indicating that a cancerous lesion is well differentiated. (American Joint Committee on Cancer. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. 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This results in the selective transcription of a number of insulin-sensitive genes involved in glucose metabolism. This eventually enhances insulin sensitivity, reduces insulin resistance and decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis. PPARs function as transcription factors that regulate expressions of genes involved in cellular differentiation, development, and metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), as well as tumorigenesis; PPARgamma is expressed at high levels in adipose tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thiazolidinedione","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thiazolidinedione Antidiabetic Agent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273907"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thiazolidinedione"}]}}{"C15383":{"preferredName":"Special Diet Therapy","code":"C15383","definitions":[{"description":"A form of therapy which includes dietary approaches and special diets.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A form of therapy which includes dietary approaches and special diets that are applied as alternative therapies for risk factors or chronic disease in general.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIET","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Special Diet Therapy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Special Diet Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Special Diet Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519433"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Special_Diet_Therapy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diet"}]}}{"C105720":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 0","code":"C105720","definitions":[{"description":"Dead.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"0: Dead","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Australia-Modified Karnofsky Performance Status 0","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Equivalent to ECOG 5"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3829432"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"0"}]}}{"C105718":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 10","code":"C105718","definitions":[{"description":"Moribund; 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but is able to care for most of his/her needs","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Australia-Modified Karnofsky Performance Status 60","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 60","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Roughly equivalent to ECOG 2"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3829425"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"60"}]}}{"C105711":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 70","code":"C105711","definitions":[{"description":"Cares for self; unable to carry on normal activity or do active work.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"70","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"70","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"70: Cares for self; unable to carry on normal activity or to do active work","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Australia-Modified Karnofsky Performance Status 70","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 70","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Roughly equivalent to ECOG 1"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3829424"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"70"}]}}{"C105710":{"preferredName":"Karnofsky Performance Status 80","code":"C105710","definitions":[{"description":"Normal activity with effort; 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Menopause (\"change of life\") is the time in a woman's life when menstrual periods stop permanently.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"After menopause.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Postmenopausal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Postmenopausal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Postmenopausal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"postmenopausal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0232970"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Postmenopausal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Postmenopausal"}]}}{"C15491":{"preferredName":"Premenopausal","code":"C15491","definitions":[{"description":"Having to do with the time before menopause. Menopause (\"change of life\") is the time of life when a woman's menstrual periods stop permanently.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Prior to menopause.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Premenopausal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Premenopausal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Premenopausal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"premenopausal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279752"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Premenopausal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Premenopausal"}]}}{"C55073":{"preferredName":"Recurrent Disease, Distant Site","code":"C55073","definitions":[{"description":"Recurrence of symptoms of a disease, at a site different and away from the original site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Distant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Recurrent Disease, Distant Site","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Relapse, Distant Site","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Relapsed Disease, Distant Site","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1882917"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Recurrent_Disease_Distal_Site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Distant"}]}}{"C36162":{"preferredName":"Localized Disease","code":"C36162","definitions":[{"description":"A disease that is confined to a specific organ or tissue and has not spread to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Local","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Localized Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0277565"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Localized_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Local"}]}}{"C41844":{"preferredName":"Regional Disease","code":"C41844","definitions":[{"description":"A disease or condition that extends beyond the site and spreads into adjacent tissues and regional lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Regional","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Regional Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514819"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Regional_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Regional"}]}}{"C29633":{"preferredName":"Antacid Preparation","code":"C29633","definitions":[{"description":"Natural or synthetic compounds or mixtures, Antiacid Preparations such as sodium bicarbonate, sodium citrate, and phosphate salts act as proton acceptors, neutralizing the acidity of a biologic environment (skin, gastric content, urine, etc.) and raising the pH. These agents are used topically or systemically for management of metabolic acidosis, improved muscle contraction, and hyper-acidic conditions (preventing, counteracting, or neutralizing stomach acidity). 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This condition may be connected to Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Familial Renal Oncocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Kidney Oncocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hereditary Kidney Oncocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hereditary Renal Oncocytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hereditary Renal Oncocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879606"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Familial_Renal_Oncocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hereditary Kidney Oncocytoma"}]}}{"C51302":{"preferredName":"Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C51302","definitions":[{"description":"A rare inherited disorder that increases the risk of developing benign (not cancer) tumors of the skin and the uterus (leiomyomas) and malignant (cancer) tumors of the uterus (leiomyosarcoma) and the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant inherited syndrome caused by germline mutations in the FH gene. 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It is characterized by the development of multiple, bilateral papillary renal cell carcinomas. The carcinomas range from microscopic lesions to clinically symptomatic tumors. 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The malignant cells are enlarged, contain prominent nucleoli, and have increased nuclear/cytoloplasmic ratio. The malignant cells may grow within the ducts and acini in four architectural patterns: flat, tufting, micropapillary, and cribriform. The presence of high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in needle biopsy is a risk factor for the subsequent detection of carcinoma on repeat biopsy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HGPIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia of Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia of the Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade PIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1168327"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"High-Grade_Prostatic_Intraepithelial_Neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"High-grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN)"}]}}{"C14219":{"preferredName":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus","code":"C14219","definitions":[{"description":"The cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The virus isolated and recognized as the etiologic agent of AIDS. HIV-1 is classified as a lentivirus, a subtype of retroviruses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HIV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"HIV","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"HIV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Virus-HIV","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"human immunodeficiency virus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019682"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"NCBI_Taxon_ID","value":"12721"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Human_Immunodeficiency_Virus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"HIV"}]}}{"C3137":{"preferredName":"Inflammation","code":"C3137","definitions":[{"description":"A localized physical condition in which part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, or hot and often painful.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A response to an injury or abnormal stimuli characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and varying degrees of vascular and tissue reactions (hyperemia, edema, fibrin, and/or fibrosis).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Redness, swelling, pain, and/or a feeling of heat in an area of the body. This is a protective reaction to injury, disease, or irritation of the tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A finding of a localized protective response resulting from injury or destruction of tissues. Inflammation serves to destroy, dilute, or wall off both the injurious agent and the injured tissue. In the acute phase, inflammation is characterized by the signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. Histologically, inflammation involves a complex series of events, including dilatation of arterioles, capillaries, and venules, with increased permeability and blood flow; exudation of fluids, including plasma proteins; and leukocyte migration into the site of inflammation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INFLAMMATION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Finding","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021368"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inflammation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Inflammation"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E2326"}]}}{"C8360":{"preferredName":"Intestinal Metaplasia","code":"C8360","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic finding indicating the replacement of epithelial tissue outside the intestines by intestinal-type epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intestinal Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Intestinal Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334037"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intestinal_Metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intestinal Metaplasia"}]}}{"C38766":{"preferredName":"Lymphocytic Thyroiditis","code":"C38766","definitions":[{"description":"An inflammatory disorder that affects the thyroid gland. It is characterized by the infiltration of the thyroid parenchyma by lymphocytes. It includes Hashimoto thyroiditis and subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphocytic Thyroiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lymphocytic Thyroiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymphocytic Thyroiditis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocytic Thyroiditis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL448657"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphocytic_Thyroiditis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphocytic Thyroiditis"}]}}{"C84444":{"preferredName":"Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","code":"C84444","definitions":[{"description":"A term referring to fatty replacement of the hepatic parenchyma which is not related to alcohol use.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NAFLD - Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0400966"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease"}]}}{"C389":{"preferredName":"Oral Contraceptive","code":"C389","definitions":[{"description":"An agent taken orally to prevent conception.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oral Contraceptive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oral Contraceptive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Oral Contraceptives","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009905"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oral_Contraceptive"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:49325"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oral Contraceptives"}]}}{"C164213":{"preferredName":"Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis","code":"C164213","definitions":[{"description":"A recurrent form of cholangitis that is characterized by intrabiliary pigment stone formation, biliary tree stricture and obstruction, and recurrent bouts of cholangitis. There is an association with biliary parasitosis, but evidence supporting these infections in the pathogenesis of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis is inconclusive. The most common causes of death are sepsis, liver failure, or complications from cirrhosis. Patients are also at increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cholangiohepatitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RPC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0267921"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis"}]}}{"C126449":{"preferredName":"Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma","code":"C126449","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive serous carcinoma arising from the fallopian tube.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"STIC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504982"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma"}]}}{"C26882":{"preferredName":"Sialadenitis","code":"C26882","definitions":[{"description":"An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting a salivary gland. Signs and symptoms include pain and tenderness in the affected area.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sialadenitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sialadenitis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialoadenitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037023"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sialoadenitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sialadenitis"}]}}{"C39594":{"preferredName":"Skin Rash","code":"C39594","definitions":[{"description":"An eruption in the skin which affects its appearance and/or texture.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An eruption in the skin which effects its appearance and/or texture.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Any change in the skin which affects its appearance or texture. A rash may be localized to one part of the body, or affect all the skin. Rashes may cause the skin to change color, itch, become warm, bumpy, dry, cracked, or blistered, swell and may be painful.","attr":null,"defSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"description":"Any change in the skin which affects its appearance or texture. A rash may be localized to one part of the body, or affect all the skin. Rashes may cause the skin to change color, itch, become warm, bumpy, dry, cracked or blistered, swell and may be painful.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous Eruption","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rash","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"termName":"Rash","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Rash","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Skin Eruption","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Skin Rash","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Rash","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Rash","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Skin Rash","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015230"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ACC/AHA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Skin_Rash"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Skin Rash"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rash"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin Rash"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E1714"}]}}{"C3237":{"preferredName":"Squamous Metaplasia","code":"C3237","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic finding indicating the transformation of glandular or transitional epithelial cells to, usually, mature squamous epithelial cells. Representative examples include squamous metaplasia of bronchial epithelium, cervix, urinary bladder, and prostate gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Squamous Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Squamous Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025570"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Squamous_Metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous Metaplasia"}]}}{"C82983":{"preferredName":"Steatosis","code":"C82983","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic finding indicating intracytoplasmic fat accumulation in the liver parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Steatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Wed Jul 14 14:19:23 EDT 2010 - See 'Fatty_Change'"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"Morphologic_Finding"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Steatosis"}]}}{"C156464":{"preferredName":"Succinate Dehydrogenase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C156464","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare renal cell carcinoma that usually affects young adults. It is characterized by the presence of vacuolated, eosinophilic to clear neoplastic cells and loss of immunohistochemical expression of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) B. In most cases germline mutations in an SDH gene (SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, or SDHD gene) are present. It has a relatively good prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SDH-RCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Succinate Dehydrogenase Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Succinate Dehydrogenase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Succinate Dehydrogenase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Succinate Dehydrogenase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL563184"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Succinate Dehydrogenase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma"}]}}{"C113681":{"preferredName":"Skin Tattoo","code":"C113681","definitions":[{"description":"A permanent mark created by the insertion of pigment below the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Tattoo","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tattoo","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tattoo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1366940"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tattoo"}]}}{"C18059":{"preferredName":"Tobacco Use","code":"C18059","definitions":[{"description":"Use of tobacco in any form, e.g., smoking, chewing or sniffing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tobacco Consumption","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tobacco Use","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tobacco Use","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tobacco, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0543414"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tobacco_Use"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tobacco, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tobacco use"}]}}{"C137998":{"preferredName":"Smokeless Tobacco Use","code":"C137998","definitions":[{"description":"Use of smokeless tobacco in any form, e.g., chewing or sniffing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Smokeless Tobacco Use","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Smokeless Tobacco Use","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tobacco, Smokeless","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525032"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tobacco, Smokeless"}]}}{"C154329":{"preferredName":"Smoking","code":"C154329","definitions":[{"description":"The act of puffing and/or inhaling the combustion products of a substance so as to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Smoking","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Smoking","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Smoking","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smoking","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tobacco, Smoking","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037369"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tobacco, Smoking"}]}}{"C3424":{"preferredName":"Tuberous Sclerosis","code":"C3424","definitions":[{"description":"A genetic disorder in which benign (not cancer) tumors form in the kidneys, brain, eyes, heart, lungs, and skin. This disease can cause seizures, mental disabilities, and different types of skin lesions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Hereditary disease characterized by seizures, intracerebral tumors, cardiac tumors, developmental delay, and skin and ocular lesions.","attr":null,"defSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"description":"Hereditary disease characterized by seizures, mental retardation, developmental delay, and skin and ocular lesions. First signs usually occur during infancy or childhood but in rare cases may not occur until 2nd or 3rd decade.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bourneville's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TSC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tuberous Sclerosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tuberous Sclerosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Tuberous Sclerosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Tuberous Sclerosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tuberous Sclerosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tuberous Sclerosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Tuberous Sclerosis Complex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tuberous Sclerosis Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Tuberous sclerosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"termName":"tuberous sclerosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0041341"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ACC/AHA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tuberous_Sclerosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Tuberous Sclerosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tuberous Sclerosis"}]}}{"C123036":{"preferredName":"Tubulointerstitial Disease","code":"C123036","definitions":[{"description":"Disease affecting the renal tubules and interstitium of the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Disease affecting the renal tubules and interstitium of the kidney.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tubulointerstitial Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tubulointerstitial Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulointerstitial Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Tubulointerstitial disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0041349"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Tubulointerstitial Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tubulointerstitial Disease"}]}}{"C171150":{"preferredName":"Tumor-Associated Lymphocytosis","code":"C171150","definitions":[{"description":"A laboratory test result indicating an abnormal increase in the number of lymphocytes in a sample from a subject with a tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tumor-Associated Lymphocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor-associated Lymphoid Proliferation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL1405382"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tumor-associated Lymphoid Proliferation"}]}}{"C12326":{"preferredName":"Undescended Testes","code":"C12326","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which one or both testicles fail to move from the abdomen, where they develop before birth, into the scrotum. Undescended testicles may increase the risk for development of testicular cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The persistent failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The failure of one or both testes of a male fetus to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum during the late part of pregnancy. If not surgically corrected in early childhood, males may be at increased risk for testicular cancer later in life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cryptorchidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cryptorchidism","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undescended Testes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undescended Testes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Undescended Testicle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Undescended Testis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Undescended Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Undescended Testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Undescended testis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"cryptorchidism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"undescended testicles","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1849640"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Undescended_Testis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Cryptorchidism"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Undescended testis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Undescended Testis"}]}}{"C35117":{"preferredName":"Vascular Disorder","code":"C35117","definitions":[{"description":"The report describes a non-specific problem with the vascular system. Note: Please use \"Appropriate Term /Code Not Available\" if the report describes a specific problem but the relevant term does not exist.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the arteries, veins, or lymphatic vessels. Examples include vasculitis, thrombophlebitis, arteriosclerosis, lymphedema, hemangioma, and angiosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Unspecified Vascular Problem","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Vascular Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Vascular Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vascular Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Vascular disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042373"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vascular_Disorder"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Vascular Disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vascular disorders of intestine"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vascular Disease"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0518"}]}}{"C3105":{"preferredName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome","code":"C3105","definitions":[{"description":"A rare inherited disorder in which blood vessels grow abnormally in the eyes, brain, spinal cord, adrenal glands, or other parts of the body. People with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome have a higher risk of developing some types of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant multiple neoplasia syndrome caused by germline mutations of the VHL gene, encoding the protein von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (pVHL). The condition is characterized by development of capillary hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system and retina, clear cell renal carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, pancreatic tumors, and inner ear tumors (endolymphatic sac tumors).","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An inherited familial cancer syndrome which is characterized by development of capillary hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system and retina; clear cell renal carcinoma; pheochromocytoma; pancreatic tumors; and inner ear tumors. The syndrome is associated with germline mutations of the VHL tumor suppressor gene, located on chromosome 3p25-26. Symptoms of VHL syndrome may not be apparent until the third decade of life. CNS hemangioblastoma is the most common cause of death, followed by clear cell renal cell carcinoma. --2004","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebroretinal Angiomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VHL syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome (VHL)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"von Hippel-Lindau syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019562"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Von_Hippel-Lindau_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome"}]}}{"C62797":{"preferredName":"Hepatitis B Virus Core Antibody","code":"C62797","definitions":[{"description":"An antibody produced by B lymphocytes to the hepatitis B core antigen as part of the immune response to hepatitis B viral infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HBV Core Antibody","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"HBV Core Antibody","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HBcAb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatitis B Virus Core Antibody","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-HBc","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0312631"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatitis_B_Virus_Core_Antibody"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"HBV Core Antibody"}]}}{"C117108":{"preferredName":"HBV Genotype Assay","code":"C117108","definitions":[{"description":"An assay used to determine which hepatitis B virus genome(s) is present in an infection. Seven genotypes of HBV (designated A through G) have been identified. 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In poorly differentiated cases the malignant epithelial cells show anaplastic features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279663"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Serous_Cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"21"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"15"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"40"}]}}{"C4349":{"preferredName":"Colon Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4349","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma arising from the colon. It is more frequently seen in populations with a Western type diet and in patients with a history of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Signs and symptoms include intestinal bleeding, anemia, and change in bowel habits. According to the degree of cellular differentiation, colonic adenocarcinomas are divided into well, moderately, and poorly differentiated. Histologic variants include mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, serrated adenocarcinoma, cribriform comedo-type adenocarcinoma, and micropapillary adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma - colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of the Colon","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of the colon","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Colon Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Colon Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Colon Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colon Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Colonic Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0338106"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Colon_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"41"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"30"}]}}{"C4033":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4033","definitions":[{"description":"The most common type of kidney cancer. It begins in the lining of the renal tubules in the kidney. The renal tubules filter the blood and produce urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm of the kidney characterized by the presence of lipid-containing clear cells within a vascular network. The tumor may metastasize to unusual sites and late metastasis is common.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CCRCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of Kidney","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma, Kidney","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Carcinoma of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Conventional (Clear Cell) Renal Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conventional (Clear Cell) Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conventional Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grawitz Tumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grawitz tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hypernephroid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hypernephroma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypernephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Kidney Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney Clear Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RCC, clear cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Renal Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal cell carcinoma, clear cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"hypernephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279702"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Conventional_Clear_Cell_Renal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8312/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Grawitz tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8311/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hypernephroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hypernephroid tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"50"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"63"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"70"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"65"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"64"}]}}{"C6975":{"preferredName":"Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C6975","definitions":[{"description":"Also known as chromophil carcinoma, it represents a minority of renal cell carcinomas. It can be hereditary or sporadic. The sporadic papillary renal cell carcinoma is characterized by trisomy of chromosomes 7, 16, and 17, and loss of chromosome Y. The peak incidence is in the sixth and seven decades. It is classified as type 1 or 2, based on the cytoplasmic volume and the thickness of the lining neoplastic cells. The prognosis is more favorable than for conventional (clear cell) renal cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromophil Carcinoma of Kidney","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophil Carcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophil Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary (Chromophil) Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Papillary renal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Papillary renal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1306837"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Renal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8260/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary renal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"51"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"71"}]}}{"C3512":{"preferredName":"Lung Adenocarcinoma","code":"C3512","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from the lung and is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells. There is a male predilection with a male to female ratio of 2:1. Usually lung adenocarcinoma is asymptomatic and is identified through screening studies or as an incidental radiologic finding. If clinical symptoms are present they include shortness of breath, cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, and fever. Tobacco smoke is a known risk factor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUAD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lung adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0152013"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lung_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"52"}]}}{"C3493":{"preferredName":"Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C3493","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma arising from squamous bronchial epithelial cells. It may be keratinizing or non-keratinizing. Keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma is characterized by the presence of keratinization, pearl formation, and/or intercellular bridges. Non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma is characterized by the absence of keratinization, pearl formation, and intercellular bridges. Cigarette smoking and arsenic exposure are strongly associated with squamous cell lung carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LSCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LUSC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Lung Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Squamous cell lung carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0149782"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Squamous_Cell_Lung_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"60"}]}}{"C9245":{"preferredName":"Invasive Breast Carcinoma","code":"C9245","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that has spread from where it started in the breast into surrounding, healthy tissue. Most invasive breast cancers start in the ducts (tubes that carry milk from the lobules to the nipple). Invasive breast cancer can spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma that infiltrates the breast parenchyma. The vast majority are adenocarcinomas arising from the terminal ductal lobular unit (TDLU). Often, the invasive adenocarcinoma co-exists with ductal or lobular carcinoma in situ. It is the most common carcinoma affecting women.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Breast Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Invasive Breast Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Mammary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive breast carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Invasive mammary carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"infiltrating breast cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"invasive breast cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0853879"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Invasive_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"61"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Invasive mammary carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"80"}]}}{"C7558":{"preferredName":"Endometrial Carcinoma","code":"C7558","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from the lining of the uterine body cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in the tissue lining the uterus (the small, hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman's pelvis in which a fetus develops). Most endometrial cancers are adenocarcinomas (cancers that begin in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium that lines the cavity of the uterine body. The vast majority of endometrial carcinomas are adenocarcinomas; squamous cell and adenosquamous carcinomas represent a minority of the cases. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma is the most frequently seen variant of endometrial adenocarcinoma. Uterine bleeding is an initial clinical sign. The prognosis depends on the stage of the tumor, the depth of myometrial wall invasion, and the degree of differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, ENDOMETRIAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Endometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Endometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Endometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Endometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Endometrial Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Endometrial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Endometrial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Endometrial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Endometrial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"UCEC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Endomential Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"endometrial cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0476089"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Endometrial_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"81"}]}}{"C137992":{"preferredName":"Gleason Grade Group 1","code":"C137992","definitions":[{"description":"Only individual discrete well-formed glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Gleason Score Less Than or Equal to 6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade Group 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Group 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525030"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Group 1"}]}}{"C137993":{"preferredName":"Gleason Grade Group 2","code":"C137993","definitions":[{"description":"Predominantly well-formed glands with lesser component of poorly-formed/fused/cribriform glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Gleason Score 7: (3 plus 4)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade Group 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Group 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525029"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Group 2"}]}}{"C137994":{"preferredName":"Gleason Grade Group 3","code":"C137994","definitions":[{"description":"Predominantly poorly-formed/fused/cribriform glands with a lesser component of well-formed glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Gleason Score 7: (4 plus 3)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade Group 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Group 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525028"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Group 3"}]}}{"C137995":{"preferredName":"Gleason Grade Group 4","code":"C137995","definitions":[{"description":"Only poorly-formed/fused/cribriform glands or Predominantly well-formed glands and lesser component lacking glands or Predominantly lacking glands and lesser component of well-formed gland. Poorly-formed/fused/cribriform glands can be a more minor component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 4","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Gleason Score 8: (4 plus 4) or (3 plus 5) or (5 plus 3)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade Group 4","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Group 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525035"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Group 4"}]}}{"C137996":{"preferredName":"Gleason Grade Group 5","code":"C137996","definitions":[{"description":"Lacks gland formation (or with necrosis) with or without poorly formed/fused/cribriform glands. For cases with greater than 95% poorly formed/fused/cribriform glands or lack of glands on a core or at RP, the component of less than 5% well-formed glands is not factored into the grade.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gleason Grade Group 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Gleason Score 9 or 10","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade Group 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Group 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL525034"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Group 5"}]}}{"C112007":{"preferredName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage I","code":"C112007","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor is completely encapsulated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Masaoka Stage I","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Masaoka Stage I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3829188"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage I"}]}}{"C112008":{"preferredName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IIa","code":"C112008","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor shows microscopic invasion into the capsule.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Masaoka Stage IIa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IIa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3829187"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIa"}]}}{"C112009":{"preferredName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IIb","code":"C112009","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor shows invasion through the capsule and into the surrounding fatty tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Masaoka Stage IIb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Masaoka Stage IIb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IIb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IIb","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3829186"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IIb"}]}}{"C112010":{"preferredName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage III","code":"C112010","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor shows invasion into the neighboring tissues and organs of the lower neck or upper chest.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Masaoka Stage III","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Masaoka Stage III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Masaoka Stage III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3829185"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage III"}]}}{"C112011":{"preferredName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IVa","code":"C112011","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor shows metastasis throughout the pleural and/or pericardial spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Masaoka Stage IVa","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Masaoka Stage IVa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Masaoka Stage IVa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IVa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage IVa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3829184"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stage IVa"}]}}{"C112012":{"preferredName":"Masaoka-Koga Stage IVb","code":"C112012","definitions":[{"description":"The tumor shows lymphogenous or hematogenous metastasis to distant sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Masaoka Stage IVb","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Masaoka Stage 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The leaves may be smoked (in cigarettes, cigars, and pipes), applied to the gums (as dipping and chewing tobacco), or inhaled (as snuff). Tobacco leaves also contain many cancer-causing chemicals, and tobacco use and exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke have been linked to many types of cancer and other diseases. The scientific name is Nicotiana tabacum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The dried cured leaves of the tobacco plant, Nicotiana tabacum, used for smoking, chewing, or snuff. 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[FDA 21 CFR 312.32; ICH-E2A]","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"description":"An adverse event that has life-threatening consequences; for which urgent intervention is indicated; that puts the patient at risk of death at the time of the event if immediate intervention is not undertaken.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AESLIFE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Life Threatening Adverse Event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Life-threatening adverse experience","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"life-threatening adverse event/ experience","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1517874"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Grade 4"}]}}{"C48275":{"preferredName":"Death Related to Adverse Event","code":"C48275","definitions":[{"description":"The termination of life as a result of an adverse event. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The termination of life associated with an adverse event.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"AESDTH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CTCAE Grade 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Grade 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Death Related to Adverse Event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FATAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FATAL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fatal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Grade 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade 5 Death Related to Adverse Event","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Standard Toxicity Grade 5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1705232"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Death_Related_to_Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Grade 5"}]}}{"C26711":{"preferredName":"Candidiasis","code":"C26711","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which Candida albicans, a type of yeast, grows out of control in moist skin areas of the body. It is usually a result of a weakened immune system, but can be a side effect of chemotherapy or treatment with antibiotics. Thrush usually affects the mouth (oral thrush); however, rarely, it spreads throughout the entire body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An infection that is caused by one of many species of the genus Candida.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Infection with the organism Candida.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Candida Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Candidiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Candidiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Candidiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Candidiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Candidosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"thrush","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006840"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Candidiasis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Candidiasis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Candidiasis"}]}}{"C84642":{"preferredName":"Coccidioidomycosis","code":"C84642","definitions":[{"description":"An infection that is caused by Coccidioides immitis, which typically manifests as a flu-like illness, although pneumonia and systemic infection can occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A fungal infection caused by Coccidioides immitis. Affected individuals usually have mild flu-like symptoms. However, pneumonia and systemic involvement with the formation of abscesses may develop as complications of the disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Coccidioidomycosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Coccidioidomycosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coccidioidomycosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Valley Fever","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Valley Fever","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009186"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Coccidioidomycosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Coccidioidomycosis"}]}}{"C2967":{"preferredName":"Cryptococcosis","code":"C2967","definitions":[{"description":"An infection that is caused by Cryptococcus neoformans, and in some geographic areas by Cryptococcus gattii, which can be either acute or chronic, and either localized or disseminated; it typically involves the lungs, though disseminated disease can occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute or chronic, localized or disseminated infection by Cryptococcus neoformans. Sites of involvement include the lungs, central nervous system and meninges, skin, and visceral organs.--2004","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cryptococcosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cryptococcosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryptococcosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cryptococcosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010414"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cryptococcosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Cryptococcosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cryptococcosis"}]}}{"C174107":{"preferredName":"Chronic Intestinal Cryptosporidiosis","code":"C174107","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic infection caused by Cryptosporidium parvum or hominis that manifests as enteritis. It usually occurs in immunocompromised patients including persons with AIDS, transplant recipients, patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy, and patients with hematologic malignancies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Intestinal Cryptosporidiosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cryptosporidiosis, Chronic Intestinal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cryptosporidiosis, Chronic Intestinal"}]}}{"C26920":{"preferredName":"Encephalopathy","code":"C26920","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a pathologic process involving the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A disorder of the brain that can be caused by disease, injury, drugs, or chemicals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A functional and/or structural disorder of the brain that is acquired or congenital and characterized by mental and neurological symptoms.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Diffuse disease of the brain that alters function and/or structure of the brain and is characterized by an altered mental state.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A functional and/or structural disorder of the brain caused by diseases (e.g. liver disease, kidney disease), medications, chemicals, and injuries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Encephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Encephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Encephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Encephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Encephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"encephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085584"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Encephalopathy"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Encephalopathy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Encephalopathy"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0115"}]}}{"C77201":{"preferredName":"Histoplasmosis","code":"C77201","definitions":[{"description":"An often self-limited infection that is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, which typically manifests as a flu-like illness, but severe disseminated disease can occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A disease caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. It primarily affects the lungs but can also occur as a disseminated disease that affects additional organs. The acute respiratory disease has symptoms similar to those of a cold or flu and it usually resolves without treatment in healthy individuals. The disseminated form is generally fatal if untreated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histoplasmosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Histoplasmosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histoplasmosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Histoplasmosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0677640"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Histoplasmosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Histoplasmosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Histoplasmosis"}]}}{"C4076":{"preferredName":"Isosporiasis","code":"C4076","definitions":[{"description":"A protozoan infection that is caused by Cystoisospora belli (formerly known as Isospora belli), which is most commonly acquired from contaminated food or water, and which is characterized by watery diarrhea and abdominal pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An intestinal infection with Isospora belli.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystoisosporiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Isosporiasis","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Isosporiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Isosporiasis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0311386"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Isosporiasis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Cystoisosporiasis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Isosporiasis"}]}}{"C26831":{"preferredName":"Mycobacterial Infection","code":"C26831","definitions":[{"description":"Infection due to organisms from the genus Mycobacteria.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mycobacterial Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mycobacterial Infection","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycobacterium, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026918"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mycobacterial_Infection"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mycobacterium, NOS"}]}}{"C171147":{"preferredName":"Nocardiosis","code":"C171147","definitions":[{"description":"A bacterial infection caused by members of the gram-positive bacilli genus Nocardia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nocardial Infection","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nocardiosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nocardiosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028242"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nocardiosis"}]}}{"C3333":{"preferredName":"Pneumonia","code":"C3333","definitions":[{"description":"A condition resulting from infection in one or both lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A severe inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli (tiny air sacs) are filled with fluid. This may cause a decrease in the amount of oxygen that blood can absorb from air breathed into the lung. Pneumonia is usually caused by infection but may also be caused by radiation therapy, allergy, or irritation of lung tissue by inhaled substances. It may involve part or all of the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An acute and/or chronic inflammation focally or diffusely affecting the lung parenchyma.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"An acute, acute and chronic, or chronic inflammation focally or diffusely affecting the lung parenchyma, due to infections (viruses, fungi, mycoplasma, or bacteria), treatment (e.g. radiation), or exposure (inhalation) to chemicals. Symptoms include cough, shortness of breath, fevers, chills, chest pain, headache, sweating, and weakness.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pneumonia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pneumonia, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032285"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept 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Leukoencephalopathy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023524"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Progressive_Multifocal_Leukoencephalopathy"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy"}]}}{"C171146":{"preferredName":"Salmonella Septicemia","code":"C171146","definitions":[{"description":"Sepsis due to the presence of Salmonella bacteria in the bloodstream.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Salmonella Septicemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Salmonella 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fail to make enough of certain proteins needed to form blood clots.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A deficiency or abnormality of a blood coagulation factor characterized by the tendency to hemorrhage. Hemophilia is typically a hereditary disorder but, rarely, may be acquired. Inherited coagulation factor-deficient hemophilias include hemophilia A or classic hemophilia (hereditary factor VIII deficiency) hemophilia B or Christmas disease (hereditary factor IX deficiency), and hemophilia C (hereditary factor XI deficiency). Factor VIII inhibitors may occur spontaneously as autoantibodies, resulting in acquired hemophilia known as acquired factor VIII deficiency. Approximately 10% of patients with acquired hemophilia have an underlying malignancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemophilia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hemophilia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemophilia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hemophiliac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"hemophilia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0684275"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hemophilia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hemophilia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemophiliac"}]}}{"C154862":{"preferredName":"Heterosexual Contact","code":"C154862","definitions":[{"description":"Sexual contact with a member of the opposite 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individual has never used of hormonal contraceptives.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Never Used","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Never Used","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Never Used Hormonal Contraceptives","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL969600"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Never Used"}]}}{"C141477":{"preferredName":"Not Performed","code":"C141477","definitions":[{"description":"An indicator that specifies that an activity did not occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Not Performed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not Performed","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Not 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Scintography","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL971093"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"99mTc Bone Scintigraphy"}]}}{"C17204":{"preferredName":"Computed Tomography","code":"C17204","definitions":[{"description":"A series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body; the pictures are created by a computer linked to an x-ray machine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An imaging technique for examining structures within the body by scanning them with X rays and using a computer to construct a series of cross-sectional scans along a single axis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A method of examining structures within the body by scanning them with X rays and using a computer to construct a series of cross-sectional scans along a single axis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CAT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAT Scan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CAT scan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CT SCAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CT Scan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CT Scan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"CT scan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Computed Tomography","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Computed Tomography","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Computed Tomography","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Computed Tomography","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Computed Tomography","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Computerized Axial 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computer are used to create detailed pictures of areas inside the body. These pictures can show the difference between normal and diseased tissue. NMRI makes better images of organs and soft tissue than other scanning techniques, such as computed tomography (CT) or x-ray. NMRI is especially useful for imaging the brain, the spine, the soft tissue of joints, and the inside of bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Imaging that uses radiofrequency waves and a strong magnetic field rather than x-rays to provide amazingly clear and detailed pictures of internal organs and tissues. The technique is valuable for the diagnosis of many pathologic conditions, including cancer, heart and vascular disease, stroke, and joint and musculoskeletal disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Imaging that uses radiofrequency waves and a strong magnetic field rather than x-rays to provide detailed pictures of internal organs and tissues. The technique is valuable for the diagnosis of many pathologic conditions, including cancer, heart and vascular disease, stroke, and joint and musculoskeletal disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MR Imaging","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MRI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MRI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"MRI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MRI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"MRI Scan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMR Imaging","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMRI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NMRI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"magnetic resonance imaging","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"nuclear magnetic resonance imaging","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024485"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"MRI"}]}}{"C17007":{"preferredName":"Positron Emission Tomography","code":"C17007","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure in which a small amount of radioactive glucose (sugar) is injected into a vein, and a scanner is used to make detailed, computerized pictures of areas inside the body where the glucose is used. Because cancer cells often use more glucose than normal cells, the pictures can be used to find cancer cells in the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An imaging technique for measuring the gamma radiation produced by collisions of electrons and positrons (anti-electrons) within living tissue. In positron emission tomography (PET), a subject is given a dose of a positron-emitting radionuclide attached to a metabolically active substance. A scanner reveals the tissue location of the metabolically-active substance administered.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A technique for measuring the gamma radiation produced by collisions of electrons and positrons (anti-electrons) within living tissue. 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When living tissue containing the positron emitter is bombarded by electrons, gamma radiation produced by collisions of electrons and positrons is detected by a scanner, revealing in fine detail the tissue location of the metabolically-active substance administered.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medical Imaging, Positron Emission Tomography","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PET","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"PET","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"PET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PET SCAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PET Scan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PET scan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Positron Emission Tomography","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Positron Emission Tomography","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Positron Emission Tomography","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Positron Emission Tomography Scan","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Positron-Emission Tomography","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"positron emission tomography scan","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032743"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Positron_Emission_Tomography"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"PET"}]}}{"C15577":{"preferredName":"Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy","code":"C15577","definitions":[{"description":"Drug treatment to reduce the activity of tumor necrosis factor, particulary to control inflammation in disease modalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anti-TNF Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"anti-TNF therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"anti-TNF-alpha therapy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281481"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-Tumor_Necrosis_Factor_Therapy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anti-TNF Therapy"}]}}{"C34945":{"preferredName":"Ectopic Pregnancy","code":"C34945","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which a fertilized egg grows outside of the uterus, usually in one of the fallopian tubes. Symptoms include sharp pain on one side of the abdomen and bleeding from the vagina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pregnancy that implants in a location other than the uterine endometrium.","attr":null,"defSource":"GAIA"},{"description":"An abnormal pregnancy in which the conception is implanted outside the endometrial cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Pregnancy condition that happens when there is a developing fetus or embryo outside the uterus.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"An abnormal pregnancy in which the conception is implanted outside the endometrial cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ectopic Pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Ectopic Pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GAIA"},{"termName":"Ectopic Pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ectopic Pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ectopic Pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Extrauterine Pregnancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ectopic pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"extrauterine pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032987"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GAIA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ectopic_Pregnancy"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Ectopic Pregnancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ectopic Pregnancy"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E1506"}]}}{"C50613":{"preferredName":"Induced Abortion Finding","code":"C50613","definitions":[{"description":"Abortion brought on intentionally.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Abortion brought on intentionally.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Induced Abortion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Induced Abortion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Induced Abortion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Induced Abortion Finding","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704300"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Induced_Abortion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Induced Abortion"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E150103"}]}}{"C34336":{"preferredName":"Spontaneous Abortion","code":"C34336","definitions":[{"description":"Early pregnancy loss.","attr":null,"defSource":"GAIA"},{"description":"Fetal loss at less than 20 weeks of gestation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Spontaneous expulsion of a human fetus before it is viable.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Fetal loss at less than 20 weeks of gestation.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Miscarriage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Miscarriage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Miscarriage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Spontaneous Abortion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Spontaneous Abortion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GAIA"},{"termName":"Spontaneous Abortion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spontaneous Abortion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0000786"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GAIA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spontaneous_Abortion"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Spontaneous Abortion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spontaneous abortion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Miscarriage"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E150105"}]}}{"C49151":{"preferredName":"Stillbirth","code":"C49151","definitions":[{"description":"A fetus of at least 20 weeks gestation, or of a birth weight of 350 grams or greater when the gestational age is not known, with no signs of life at the time of delivery, with Apgar scores of 0 at 1 and 5 minutes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Foetal death occurring before birth after a selected, pre-defined duration of gestation. The death of the foetus could have occurred before the onset of labor (antepartum) or at the time of delivery (intrapartum). For all levels of diagnostic certainty, the definition of stillbirth is defined by the two following criteria: First, determination of absence of signs of life in the foetus or newborn; Second, determination of foetal/newborn gestational age through maternal information or through foetal/newborn evaluation.","attr":null,"defSource":"GAIA"},{"description":"A fetus of at least 20 weeks gestation, or of a birth weight of at least 350 grams if the gestational age is unknown, that is born without signs of life at the time of delivery, and with an Apgar score of zero at both one and five minutes.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intrauterine Fetal Death","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Stillbirth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GAIA"},{"termName":"Stillbirth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stillbirth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stillbirth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0595939"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GAIA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stillbirth"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Stillbirth"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stillbirth"}]}}{"C16450":{"preferredName":"Colonoscopy","code":"C16450","definitions":[{"description":"Examination of the inside of the colon using a colonoscope, inserted into the rectum. A colonoscope is a thin, tube-like instrument with a light and a lens for viewing. It may also have a tool to remove tissue to be checked under a microscope for signs of disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Endoscopic examination of the luminal surface of the colon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colonoscopy","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Colonoscopy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Colonoscopy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"colonoscopy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009378"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Colonoscopy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Colonoscopy"}]}}{"C16546":{"preferredName":"Endoscopic Procedure","code":"C16546","definitions":[{"description":"A procedure that uses an endoscope to examine the inside of the body. An endoscope is a thin, tube-like instrument with a light and a lens for viewing. It may also have a tool to remove tissue to be checked under a microscope for signs of disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An examination of the body using an endoscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Patient required additional or unexpected endoscopic procedure.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"A diagnostic or therapeutic procedure in which an endoscope is inserted in a tubular organ to examine the structural architecture and/or remove abnormal tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENDOSCOPY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endoscopic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endoscopic Examination","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endoscopic Procedure","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Endoscopic Procedure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Endoscopic Procedure","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endoscopic Procedure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Endoscopy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Endoscopy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Endoscopy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"endoscopy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014245"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Endoscopy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endoscopy"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:F2202"}]}}{"C94719":{"preferredName":"Acetate","code":"C94719","definitions":[{"description":"A form of acetic acid (an acid found in vinegar).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Salt or ester form of acetic acid. Acetate is the most common building block for biosynthesis, such as fatty acids.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACETATE ION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acetate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0000975"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"569DQM74SC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:30089"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acetate"}]}}{"C74002":{"preferredName":"Fluciclovine F18","code":"C74002","definitions":[{"description":"A radiotracer containing a synthetic amino acid analogue of L-leucine radiolabeled with fluorine F 18 with potential diagnostic imaging use. Similar to most amino acids, fluciclovine F18 appears to enter cells through the energy-independent L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) system. As an amino acid analogue, this agent is preferentially accumulated by tumor cells due to their increased metabolic needs; however, unlike naturally occurring amino acids, this non-natural amino acid-analogue radiotracer is not metabolized. Accordingly, fluciclovine F18 accumulates in tumor cells and can potentially be used to image tumors using positron emission tomography (PET).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(18F)Fluciclovine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(18F)GE-148","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"(1R,3R)-1-Amino-3(18f)fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"18F-Fluciclovine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-(18f)FABC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-1-Amino-3-[18F]Fluorocyclobutane-1-Carboxylic Acid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anti-[18F] FACBC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axumin","termGroup":"BR","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Axumin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"FLUCICLOVINE F-18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Fluciclovine (18F)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fluciclovine F18","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fluciclovine F18","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GE-148 (18F)","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GE-148 F-18","termGroup":"CN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"[18F]FACBC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1311253"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"222727-39-1"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"38R1Q0L1ZE"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581382"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"581382"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H8FNO2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anti-1-Amino-3-Fluorocyclobutane-1-Carboxylic_Acid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Axumin"}]}}{"C61674":{"preferredName":"Choline","code":"C61674","definitions":[{"description":"A nutrient in the vitamin B complex that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Choline helps cells make membranes, make a neurotransmitter (a chemical that helps nerve cells communicate with other cells), and remove fat from the liver. It is found in whole milk, beef liver, eggs, soy foods, and peanuts. Choline is water-soluble (can dissolve in water) and must be taken in every day. Not enough choline can cause diseases of the heart and blood vessels and damage to the liver. A form of choline is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer and to reduce pain and fever. Choline is also being studied together with vitamin B12 in the prevention and treatment of cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Water-soluble vitamin that is a precursor for acetylcholine, phospholipids, and the methyl donor betaine. (DRI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CRCH"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"(2-Hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"2-hydroxyethyl-trimethyl-ammonium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHOLINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Choline","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Choline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CRCH"},{"termName":"Choline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Choline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Choline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vitamin J","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"choline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008405"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"62-49-7"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"N91BDP6H0X"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CRCH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"C5H14NO"},{"name":"US_Recommended_Intake","value":"Y"},{"name":"Tolerable_Level","value":"Y"},{"name":"INFOODS","value":"CHOLN"},{"name":"USDA_ID","value":"421"},{"name":"Unit","value":"mcg"},{"name":"Nutrient","value":"Y"},{"name":"Micronutrient","value":"Y"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Choline"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:15354"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Choline"}]}}{"C17796":{"preferredName":"Glutamate Carboxypeptidase 2","code":"C17796","definitions":[{"description":"Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 (750 aa, ~84 kDa) is encoded by the human FOLH1 gene. This protein plays a role in the mediation of folate metabolism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cell Growth-Inhibiting Gene 27 Protein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EC 3.4.17.21","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FGCP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FOLH1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folate Hydrolase 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Folylpoly-Gamma-Glutamate Carboxypeptidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GCP2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GCPII","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glutamate Carboxypeptidase 2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Glutamate Carboxypeptidase 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Membrane Glutamate Carboxypeptidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"N-Acetylated-Alpha-Linked Acidic Dipeptidase I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAALADase I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PSMA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pteroylpoly-Gamma-Glutamate Carboxypeptidase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mGCP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"OMIM_Number","value":"600934"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1310550"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Folate_Hydrolase-1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"PSMA"},{"name":"Swiss_Prot","value":"Q04609"}]}}{"C832":{"preferredName":"Sodium Fluoride","code":"C832","definitions":[{"description":"An inorganic salt of fluoride used topically or in municipal water fluoridation systems to prevent dental caries. Fluoride appears to bind to calcium ions in the hydroxyapatite of surface tooth enamel, preventing corrosion of tooth enamel by acids. This agent may also inhibit acid production by commensal oral bacteria. (NCI04)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fluoride, sodium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"},{"termName":"NaF","termGroup":"SN","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SODIUM FLUORIDE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Sodium Fluoride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sodium Fluoride","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sodium Fluoride (NaF)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"DCP"},{"termName":"Sodium fluoride","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"DTP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NSC Number","value":"77385"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037508"},{"name":"CAS_Registry","value":"7681-49-4"},{"name":"FDA_UNII_Code","value":"8ZYQ1474W7"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39598"},{"name":"PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID","value":"39598"},{"name":"Chemical_Formula","value":"F.Na"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sodium_Fluoride"},{"name":"CHEBI_ID","value":"CHEBI:28741"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sodium Fluoride"}]}}{"C23011":{"preferredName":"Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining Method","code":"C23011","definitions":[{"description":"A microscopy staining method that utilizes two separate dyes, one staining the nucleus and the other staining the cytoplasm and connective tissue. Hematoxylin is a dark purplish dye that stains the chromatin (nuclear material) within the nucleus. Eosin is an orangish-pink to red dye that stains the cytoplasmic material including connective tissue and collagen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Hematoxylin-and-eosin, or H&E, is a routine staining procedure of tissue sections. This staining method uses two separate dyes, one staining the nucleus and the other staining the cytoplasm and connective tissue. Hematoxylin is a dark purplish dye that stains the chromatin (nuclear material) within the nucleus. Eosin is an orangish-pink to red dye that stains the cytoplasmic material including connective tissue and collagen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"H and E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H and E Staining","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H and E Staining Method","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H&E","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H&E Stain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"H&E Staining","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"H&E Staining Method","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEMATOXYLIN AND EOSIN STAIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Haemotoxylin and Eosin (H&E)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hematoxylin and Eosin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining Method","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0523207"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hematoxylin_and_Eosin_Staining_Method"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Haemotoxylin and Eosin (H&E)"}]}}{"C41331":{"preferredName":"Adverse Event","code":"C41331","definitions":[{"description":"An unexpected medical problem that happens during treatment with a drug or other therapy. Adverse effects do not have to be caused by the drug or therapy, and they may be mild, moderate, or severe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"31893) indicating a need to validate the requirement that every AdverseEvent be described by a SafetyReportVersion.","attr":null,"defSource":"BRIDG 5.3"},{"description":"Any unfavorable and unintended sign, symptom, disease, or other medical occurrence with a temporal association with the use of a medical product, procedure or other therapy, or in conjunction with a research study, regardless of causal relationship. EXAMPLE(S): death, back pain, headache, pulmonary embolism, heart attack","attr":null,"defSource":"BRIDG 3.0.3"},{"description":"Any unfavorable or unintended disease, sign, or symptom (including an abnormal laboratory finding) that is temporally associated with the use of a medical treatment or procedure, and that may or may not be considered related to the medical treatment or procedure. Such events can be related to the intervention, dose, route of administration, patient, or caused by an interaction with another drug(s) or procedure(s).","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation subject administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. An adverse event (AE) can therefore be any unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal (investigational) product, whether or not related to the medicinal (investigational) product. NOTE: For further information, see the ICH Guideline for Clinical Safety Data Management: Definitions and Standards for Expedited Reporting. [Modified from ICH E2A] Synonyms: side effect, adverse experience. See also serious adverse event, serious adverse experience. (CDISC glossary)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation subject administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. an adverse event (AE) can therefore be any unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal (investigational) product, whether or not related to the medicinal (investigational) product. NOTE: For further information, see the ICH Guideline for Clinical safety Data Management: Definitions and standards for expedited Reporting. [After ICH E2A] See also serious adverse event, serious adverse experience.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"description":"Any unfavorable or unintended disease, sign, or symptom (including an abnormal laboratory finding) that is temporally associated with the use of a medical treatment or procedure, and that may or may not be considered related to the medical treatment or procedure. Such events can be related to the intervention, dose, route of administration, patient, or caused by an interaction with another drug(s) or procedure(s).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADVERSE EVENT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ADVERSE EVENT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"ADVERSE_EVENT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"AE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adverse Event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adverse Event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adverse Event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Adverse Event","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adverse Experience","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AdverseEvent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"BRIDG 3.0.3"},{"termName":"AdverseEvent","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"BRIDG 5.3"},{"termName":"adverse event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"adverse event","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"ICDC"},{"termName":"adverse event (AE)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"termName":"adverse experience","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"termName":"adverse_event","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ICDC"},{"termName":"side effects","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0877248"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ICDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"BRIDG"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adverse_Event"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adverse Event"}]}}{"C82568":{"preferredName":"Study Medication Completed","code":"C82568","definitions":[{"description":"An indication or description that the planned amount of medication was taken by the subject.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Course of Therapy Completed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"MEDCMP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Study Medication Completed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826299"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Study_Medication_Completed"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Course of Therapy Completed"}]}}{"C49634":{"preferredName":"Withdrawal by Subject","code":"C49634","definitions":[{"description":"An indication that a study participant has removed themself from the study or from one or more segments of the study.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The subject-initiated act of discontinuing participation in a clinical study. NOTE: Withdrawal can range from the subject's complete withdrawal from study procedures and follow-up activities, to the subject's withdrawal from study-related interventions while the subject permits continued access to his/her medical records or identifiable information. Note that according to FDA regulations, when a subject withdraws from a study, the data collected on the subject to the point of withdrawal remain part of the study database and may not be removed. See also discontinuation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"description":"An indication that a study participant has removed themself from the study or from one or more segments of the study.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Subject Dropped Out","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WITHDRAWAL BY SUBJECT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Withdrawal by Subject","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Withdrawal by Subject","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"withdrawal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1710677"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC-GLOSS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Withdrawal_by_Subject"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Withdrawal by Subject"}]}}{"C64693":{"preferredName":"Centigray","code":"C64693","definitions":[{"description":"The metric unit of absorbed radiation dose equal to the absorption of one hundredth of joule of radiation energy per kilogram of matter.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The metric unit of absorbed radiation dose equal to the absorption of one hundredth of joule of radiation energy per kilogram of matter.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Centigray","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Centigray","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Centigray","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"cGy","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cGy","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"UCUM"},{"termName":"cGy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"cGy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"centigray","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"UCUM"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0556645"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"UCUM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Centigray"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"cGy"}]}}{"C18063":{"preferredName":"Gray","code":"C18063","definitions":[{"description":"A unit of absorbed radiation dose. One gray is equal to an absorbed dose of one joule per kilogram of matter, or to 100 rads.(NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A SI derived unit of absorbed radiation dose. One gray is equal to an absorbed dose of one joule per kilogram of matter, or to 100 rads.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gray","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"HL7"},{"termName":"Gray","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gray","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gy","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"HL7"},{"termName":"Gy","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"ICH"},{"termName":"Gy","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gy","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"UCUM"},{"termName":"Gy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"gray","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ICH"},{"termName":"gray","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"UCUM"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0556636"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ICH"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"UCUM"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"HL7"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gray"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gy"}]}}{"C28253":{"preferredName":"Milligram","code":"C28253","definitions":[{"description":"A measure of weight. 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These abnormal cells may become cancer and spread into nearby normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm confined to the epithelial layer and without evidence of further tissue invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm which is confined to the epithelial layer without evidence of further tissue invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, IN SITU, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CIS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Tumor, In situ, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Non-invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"stage 0 disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0851135"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8010/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carcinoma_in_situ"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma in situ, site unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma in situ, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma in situ, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraepithelial carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma in situ: Thyroid and other endocrine glands"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma in situ of other and unspecified genital organs"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8010/2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma in situ of unspecified female genital organs"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma in situ of other and unspecified sites"}]}}{"C2916":{"preferredName":"Carcinoma","code":"C2916","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from epithelial cells. Carcinomas that arise from glandular epithelium are called adenocarcinomas, those that arise from squamous epithelium are called squamous cell carcinomas, and those that arise from transitional epithelium are called transitional cell carcinomas. Morphologically, the malignant epithelial cells may display abnormal mitotic figures, anaplasia, and necrosis. Carcinomas are graded by the degree of cellular differentiation as well, moderately, or poorly differentiated. Carcinomas invade the surrounding tissues and tend to metastasize to other anatomic sites. Lung carcinoma, skin carcinoma, breast carcinoma, colon carcinoma, and prostate carcinoma are the most frequently seen carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Epithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial tumor, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Epithelioma Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"epithelial carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007097"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8011/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8010/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelial tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8010/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8011/3"}]}}{"C3482":{"preferredName":"Metastatic Carcinoma","code":"C3482","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma, metastatic, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Metastatic Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Metastatic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1384494"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8010/6"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Metastatic_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma, metastatic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8010/6"}]}}{"C3693":{"preferredName":"Carcinomatosis","code":"C3693","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which cancer is spread widely throughout the body, or, in some cases, to a relatively large region of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Carcinoma that has spread diffusely to an anatomic 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cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma, Large Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Large Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"large cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206704"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8012/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Large_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large cell carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8012/3"}]}}{"C6875":{"preferredName":"Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C6875","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive, high-grade, and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. It is composed of malignant large cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LCNEC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell NEC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1265996"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8013/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Large_Cell_Neuroendocrine_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8013/3"}]}}{"C6876":{"preferredName":"Lung Large Cell Carcinoma with Rhabdoid Phenotype","code":"C6876","definitions":[{"description":"A large cell lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of rhabdoid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Large Cell Carcinoma with Rhabdoid Phenotype","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell Lung Carcinoma with Rhabdoid Phenotype","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large cell carcinoma with rhabdoid phenotype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lung Large Cell Carcinoma with Rhabdoid Phenotype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1265997"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8014/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Large_Cell_Lung_Carcinoma_with_Rhabdoid_Phenotype"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large cell carcinoma with rhabdoid phenotype"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8014/3"}]}}{"C65159":{"preferredName":"Glassy Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65159","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of atypical cells with glassy cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glassy Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glassy cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1265998"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8015/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glassy_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glassy cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8015/3"}]}}{"C3692":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Carcinoma","code":"C3692","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm exhibiting poor differentiation (anaplasia).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A usually aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of atypical cells which do not display evidence of glandular, squamous, or transitional cell differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, UNDIFFERENTIATED, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, Undifferentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, Undifferentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, anaplastic, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, undifferentiated, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205698"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8021/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8020/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Undifferentiated_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma, anaplastic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma, undifferentiated, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8020/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8021/3"}]}}{"C4094":{"preferredName":"Pleomorphic Carcinoma","code":"C4094","definitions":[{"description":"A usually aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of cells with significant cytologic atypia and nuclear pleomorphism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleomorphic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334233"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8022/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pleomorphic_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleomorphic carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8022/3"}]}}{"C65160":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell and Spindle Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65160","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of giant, pleomorphic cells and spindle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant Cell and Spindle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant cell and spindle cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334234"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8030/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Giant_Cell_and_Spindle_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant cell and spindle cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8030/3"}]}}{"C3779":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Carcinoma","code":"C3779","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of giant, pleomorphic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma, Giant Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206703"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8031/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Giant_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8031/3"}]}}{"C27004":{"preferredName":"Sarcomatoid Carcinoma","code":"C27004","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs and that contains long spindle-shaped cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle cells and anaplastic morphologic features. Giant cells and a sarcomatous component may also be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, SPINDLE CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pseudosarcomatous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pseudosarcomatous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pseudosarcomatous carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sarcomatoid carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205697"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8033/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8032/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sarcomatoid_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sarcomatoid carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pseudosarcomatous carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spindle cell carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8032/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8033/3"}]}}{"C65161":{"preferredName":"Polygonal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65161","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of atypical polygonal cells with a large amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm. A representative example is the fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polygonal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polygonal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334236"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8034/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polygonal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Polygonal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8034/3"}]}}{"C63622":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells","code":"C63622","definitions":[{"description":"A usually aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of atypical cells which do not display evidence of glandular or squamous differentiation and giant cells resembling osteoclasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883424"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8035/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Undifferentiated_Carcinoma_with_Osteoclast-Like_Giant_Cells"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8035/3"}]}}{"C65162":{"preferredName":"Tumorlet","code":"C65162","definitions":[{"description":"A tiny localized pulmonary nodule characterized by neuroendocrine cell proliferation. It is usually discovered as an incidental finding during routine histologic examination of tissue sections or during radiologic examination.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Tumorlet","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumorlet","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumorlet, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tumorlet, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266001"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8040/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8040/0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tumorlet"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tumorlet, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tumorlet, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8040/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8040/1"}]}}{"C3915":{"preferredName":"Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C3915","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive, high-grade, and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. It is composed of malignant small cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oat Cell Cancer","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oat Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oat cell carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Small Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Small Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Small Cell NEC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small cell carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"oat cell cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0262584"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8042/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8041/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Small_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Round cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reserve cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small cell carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8042/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8041/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oat cell carcinoma"}]}}{"C27092":{"preferredName":"Small Cell Carcinoma, Fusiform Cell Type","code":"C27092","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroendocrine carcinoma composed of malignant fusiform small cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Cell Cancer, Fusiform Cell Type","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Small Cell Carcinoma, Fusiform Cell Type","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334238"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8043/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Small_Cell_Carcinoma_Fusiform_Cell_Type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small cell carcinoma, fusiform cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8043/3"}]}}{"C4099":{"preferredName":"Small Cell Intermediate Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4099","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroendocrine carcinoma composed of malignant small cells of intermediate shape.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Cell Cancer, Intermediate 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carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Combined Lung Small Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Small Cell Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Small Cell Lung Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Combined Small Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Small Cell and Large Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Small and Large Cell Lung Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Small and Large Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Type Small Cell Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Type Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Type Small Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Small Cell and Large Cell Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Small Cell and Large Cell Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Small Cell and Large Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell and Large Cell Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell and Large Cell Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell and Large Cell Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334240"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8045/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Combined_Type_Small_Cell_Lung_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Combined small cell-squamous cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed small cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8045/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Combined small cell carcinoma"}]}}{"C65151":{"preferredName":"Non-Small Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65151","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the absence of neoplastic small epithelial cells. A representative example is the lung non-small cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Small Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Non-Small Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Small Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Non-small cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266002"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8046/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Non-Small_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-small cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8046/3"}]}}{"C7440":{"preferredName":"Papilloma","code":"C7440","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm that projects above the surrounding epithelial surface.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm that projects above the surrounding epithelial surface and consists of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PAPILLOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papilloma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030354"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8050/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papilloma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8050/0"}]}}{"C65163":{"preferredName":"Papillary Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C65163","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm with a papillary growth pattern in which the malignant cells are confined to the epithelium, without evidence of invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334242"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8050/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Carcinoma_In_Situ"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary carcinoma in situ, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solid papillary carcinoma in situ"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8050/2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary carcinoma in situ"}]}}{"C2927":{"preferredName":"Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C2927","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern. A papillary carcinoma may be composed of glandular cells (papillary adenocarcinoma), squamous cells (papillary squamous cell carcinoma), or transitional cells (papillary transitional cell carcinoma). Bladder carcinoma is a representative example of papillary transitional cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007133"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8050/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8050/3"}]}}{"C4101":{"preferredName":"Verrucous Papilloma","code":"C4101","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern, lack of significant cytologic atypia, and a wart-like appearance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Verrucous Papilloma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verrucous papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334243"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8051/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Verrucous_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Verrucous papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8051/0"}]}}{"C3781":{"preferredName":"Verrucous Carcinoma","code":"C3781","definitions":[{"description":"A well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth pattern, acanthosis, mild cytologic atypia, and pushing tumor margins. The most commonly affected anatomic sites are the oral cavity, nasal cavity, larynx, esophagus, anus, vagina, vulva, and the plantar region of the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Condylomatous carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Verrucous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verrucous Epidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verrucous Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verrucous Squamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verrucous Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verrucous carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Verrucous carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Verrucous epidermoid carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Verrucous squamous cell carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Warty carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206706"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8051/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Verrucous_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Verrucous epidermoid carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Verrucous carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Verrucous squamous cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8051/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Warty carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Condylomatous carcinoma"}]}}{"C3712":{"preferredName":"Squamous Cell Papilloma","code":"C3712","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern and a proliferation of neoplastic squamous cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern and a proliferation of neoplastic squamous cells without morphologic evidence of malignancy. Most frequently it arises in the oral cavity, nasopharynx, larynx, esophagus, vagina, and vulva.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Keratotic Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Keratotic Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Keratotoc papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"PAPILLOMA, SQUAMOUS CELL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous cell papilloma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Squamous papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205874"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8052/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Squamous_Cell_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous cell papilloma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8052/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Keratotoc papilloma"}]}}{"C65164":{"preferredName":"Non-Invasive Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65164","definitions":[{"description":"A well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary, exophytic growth pattern, hyperkeratosis, and absence of invasion of adjacent tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Invasive Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary squamous cell carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Papillary squamous cell carcinoma, non-invasive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266003"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8052/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Non-Invasive_Papillary_Squamous_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary squamous cell carcinoma in situ"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary squamous cell carcinoma, non-invasive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8052/2"}]}}{"C4102":{"preferredName":"Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4102","definitions":[{"description":"A well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary, exophytic growth pattern and hyperkeratosis. The most commonly affected anatomic sites are the larynx, penis, cervix, vagina, and vulva.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Epidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Squamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Papillary epidermoid carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Papillary squamous cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Papillary squamous cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334244"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8052/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Squamous_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary epidermoid carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary squamous cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8052/3"}]}}{"C65165":{"preferredName":"Inverted Squamous Cell Papilloma","code":"C65165","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by an endophytic growth, papillary pattern, and proliferation of neoplastic squamous cells without morphologic evidence of malignancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inverted Squamous Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous cell papilloma, inverted","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881254"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8053/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inverted_Squamous_Cell_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous cell papilloma, inverted"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8053/0"}]}}{"C9009":{"preferredName":"Squamous Papillomatosis","code":"C9009","definitions":[{"description":"A benign squamous neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern, diffusely involving a specific anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Squamous Papillomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous papillomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1378340"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8060/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Squamous_Papillomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous papillomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8060/0"}]}}{"C3713":{"preferredName":"Papillomatosis","code":"C3713","definitions":[{"description":"Glandular or squamous cell neoplastic proliferations characterized by the formation of multiple papillary structures diffusely involving a specific anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Papillomatosis, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205875"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillomatosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8060/0"}]}}{"C27093":{"preferredName":"Stage 0 Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27093","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm confined to the squamous epithelium, without invasion of underlying tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm confined to the squamous epithelium, without invasion of the underlying tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, SQUAMOUS CELL, IN SITU, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Carcinoma In situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma In situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermoid carcinoma in situ, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 3 SIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III SIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Grade III Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial squamous cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Squamous Carcinoma In situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma In situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma in-situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous cell carcinoma in situ, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, grade III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334245"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8070/2"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8077/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_0_Squamous_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous cell carcinoma in situ, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraepithelial squamous cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, grade III"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epidermoid carcinoma in situ, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8077/2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraepidermal carcinoma, NOS"}]}}{"C2929":{"preferredName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C2929","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from squamous epithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that begins in squamous cells, which are thin, flat cells that look like fish scales. Squamous cells are found in the tissue that forms the surface of the skin, the lining of the hollow organs of the body, and the passages of the respiratory and digestive tracts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from squamous epithelial cells. Morphologically, it is characterized by the proliferation of atypical, often pleomorphic squamous cells. Squamous cell carcinomas are graded by the degree of cellular differentiation as well, moderately, or poorly differentiated. Well differentiated carcinomas are usually associated with keratin production and the presence of intercellular bridges between adjacent cells. Representative examples are lung squamous cell carcinoma, skin squamous cell carcinoma, and cervical squamous cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, SQUAMOUS CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epidermoid Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermoid carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epidermoid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epidermoid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epidermoid Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epidermoid Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Squamous Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Squamous Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Squamous Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Squamous Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma, conventional","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Squamous cell carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Squamous cell epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"epidermoid carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"squamous cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007137"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8070/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Squamous_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous cell carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous cell epithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8070/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epidermoid carcinoma, NOS"}]}}{"C4104":{"preferredName":"Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4104","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from squamous cells and has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous cell carcinoma, metastatic, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334246"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8070/6"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Metastatic_Squamous_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous cell carcinoma, metastatic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8070/6"}]}}{"C4105":{"preferredName":"Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4105","definitions":[{"description":"Squamous cell carcinomas with morphologically prominent production of keratin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Keratinizing Squamous Cell 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(AJCC 6th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AJCC Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of Vagina AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of the Vagina AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Carcinoma of Vagina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Carcinoma of the Vagina","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Vagina Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Vaginal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Neoplasia of Vagina Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepithelial Neoplasia of the Vagina Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer AJCC v6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAIN 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAIN Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAIN III AJCC v6","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vagina Carcinoma in situ AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal Cancer Stage 0 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal Carcinoma in situ AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 3 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0686277"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_0_Vaginal_Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia, grade III"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8077/2"}]}}{"C4522":{"preferredName":"Stage 0 Vulvar Cancer AJCC v6","code":"C4522","definitions":[{"description":"Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ (preinvasive carcinoma. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AJCC Stage 0 Vulvar Cancer v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of Vulva AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of the Vulva AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Carcinoma of Vulva AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Carcinoma of the Vulva AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Vulva Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIGO Stage 0 Vulvar Carcinoma AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vulval Cancer AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vulval Carcinoma AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vulvar Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vulvar Cancer AJCC v6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vulvar Carcinoma AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulva Carcinoma in situ AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Cancer Stage 0 AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Carcinoma in situ AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0278729"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_0_Vulvar_Cancer"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"VIN III"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, grade III"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8077/2"}]}}{"C65179":{"preferredName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Horn Formation","code":"C65179","definitions":[{"description":"A keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of horn pearls. Representative examples include squamous cell carcinomas of the face presenting as a cutaneous horn.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Horn Formation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous cell carcinoma with horn formation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266004"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8078/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Squamous_Cell_Carcinoma_with_Horn_Formation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous cell carcinoma with horn formation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8078/3"}]}}{"C27790":{"preferredName":"Penile Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C27790","definitions":[{"description":"Abnormal cells are found on the surface of the skin of the penis. These abnormal cells may become cancer and spread into nearby normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. cN0: No palpable or visibly enlarged inguinal lymph nodes. pN0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bowen Disease of the Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bowen's Disease of Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bowen's Disease of the Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in situ of the Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erythroplasia of Queyrat","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Penile Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion of Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion of the Penis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Penile Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Penile Carcinoma In Situ AJCC v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Queyrat Erythroplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Queyrat erythroplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Queyrat's Erythroplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"stage 0 penile carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0154089"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8080/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Penile_Carcinoma_in_situ"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Queyrat erythroplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8080/2"}]}}{"C62571":{"preferredName":"Bowen Disease of the Skin","code":"C62571","definitions":[{"description":"A skin disease marked by scaly or thickened patches on the skin and often caused by prolonged exposure to arsenic. The patches often occur on sun-exposed areas of the skin and in older white men. These patches may become malignant (cancer).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A form of squamous cell carcinoma in situ. It is a distinct clinicopathological entity and arises from the skin or the mucocutaneous junction. It affects predominantly white males in their 6-8th decades of life. Exposed and non-exposed skin sites are equally affected. UV damage and ingestion of inorganic arsenic may play a role in the development of the disease. On the skin surface, it presents as a single or multiple erythematous, scaly, keratotic patches or plaques. The clinical entity of erythroplasia of Queyrat is regarded as Bowen disease of the penis and it presents as an asymptomatic, red, circumscribed plaque. Morphologically, Bowen disease is characterized by the presence of hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, dyskeratosis, and acanthosis. The keratotic squamous cells are atypical and display hyperchromatism and abnormal mitotic figures. The dermoepidermal basement membrane is intact. Complete surgical removal of the lesion may be curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bowen Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bowen Disease of the Skin","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bowen Disease of the Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bowen disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bowen disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Bowen's Disease of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepidermal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Bowen Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepidermal squamous cell carcinoma, Bowen type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006079"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8081/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bowen_Disease_of_the_Skin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bowen disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraepidermal squamous cell carcinoma, Bowen type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8081/2"}]}}{"C4107":{"preferredName":"Nasopharyngeal-Type Undifferentiated Carcinoma","code":"C4107","definitions":[{"description":"A nonkeratinizing carcinoma which occurs predominantly in the nasopharynx but also in the tonsils and rarely in other anatomic sites. It is characterized by the presence of large malignant cells with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, syncytial growth pattern, and a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoepithelial carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymphoepithelial carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lymphoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymphoepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nasopharyngeal Type Undifferentiated Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasopharyngeal-Type Undifferentiated Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schmincke Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334254"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8082/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nasopharyngeal_Type_Undifferentiated_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8082/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoepithelial carcinoma"}]}}{"C54244":{"preferredName":"Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C54244","definitions":[{"description":"A squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, scant amount of cytoplasm, and peripheral nuclear palisading.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266005"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8083/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Basaloid_Squamous_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8083/3"}]}}{"C65180":{"preferredName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Clear Cell Type","code":"C65180","definitions":[{"description":"A squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with clear cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Clear Cell Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Clear Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Squamous cell carcinoma, clear cell type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266006"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8084/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Squamous_Cell_Carcinoma_Clear_Cell_Type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous cell carcinoma, clear cell type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8084/3"}]}}{"C9359":{"preferredName":"Skin Pigmented Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C9359","definitions":[{"description":"A basal cell carcinoma that contains large amounts of melanin. The melanin is produced by symbiotic nontumoral proliferating melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pigmented Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented basal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Pigmented Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1368275"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pigmented_Basal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pigmented basal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8090/3"}]}}{"C4108":{"preferredName":"Superficial Multifocal Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4108","definitions":[{"description":"A superficial basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of lobules of basaloid cells which are separated by large distances and represent multifocal discrete tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multicentric Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multicentric basal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Multifocal superficial basal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Superficial Multifocal Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334256"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8091/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Superficial_Multifocal_Basal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Multicentric basal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Multifocal superficial basal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8091/3"}]}}{"C27539":{"preferredName":"Skin Infiltrating Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27539","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of basal cell carcinoma presenting as a pale, indurated plaque, usually in the upper trunk or face. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of strands, cords, and columns of basaloid cells infiltrating the dermis. Perineural invasion may be present and the basaloid cell infiltrate may extend into deeper tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating basal cell carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Infiltrating Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334257"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8092/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infiltrating_Basal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating basal cell carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma, morpheic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating basal cell carcinoma, non-sclerosing"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8092/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma, desmoplastic type"}]}}{"C27182":{"preferredName":"Skin Sclerosing/Morphoeic Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27182","definitions":[{"description":"A histologic variant of basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of strands and nests of malignant cells that are embedded in a dense fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basal Cell Carcinoma Sclerosing Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Morphea-Type (Sclerosing) Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Morphea-Type Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Morpheaform Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Type Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Morphea-Type (Sclerosing) Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Morphea-Type (Sclerosing) Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Skin Sclerosing/Morphoeic Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0555191"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Morphea-Type_Sclerosing_Basal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating basal cell carcinoma, sclerosing"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8092/3"}]}}{"C4109":{"preferredName":"Skin Fibroepithelial Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4109","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of basal cell carcinoma presenting as an elevated or erythematous nodular lesion usually in the back. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of cords of basaloid cells extending from the epidermis into the dermis, creating a fenestrating pattern. It follows an indolent course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basal cell carcinoma, fibroepithelial","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibroepithelial Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroepithelioma of Pinkus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroepithelioma of Pinkus type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pinkus Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pinkus tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Fibroepithelial Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346013"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8093/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibroepithelioma_of_Pinkus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibroepithelioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibroepithelioma of Pinkus type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pinkus tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma, fibroepithelial"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8093/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibroepithelial basal cell carcinoma, Pinkus type"}]}}{"C2922":{"preferredName":"Skin Basosquamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C2922","definitions":[{"description":"A basal cell carcinoma (skin neoplasm) which displays squamous differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A basal cell carcinoma which displays squamous differentiation. The neoplastic cells have more abundant cytoplasm with more marked keratinization than typical basal cell carcinomas. It usually has a more aggressive clinical course compared to typical basal cell carcinoma, and it may produce regional or widespread metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BASOSQUAMOUS TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Basosquamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Basosquamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basosquamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Basosquamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basosquamous carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Basosquamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Mixed Basal and Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skin Mixed Basal and Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007118"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8094/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Basosquamous_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basosquamous carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed basal-squamous cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8094/3"}]}}{"C66903":{"preferredName":"Skin Metatypical Carcinoma","code":"C66903","definitions":[{"description":"A skin carcinoma displaying cytological characteristics intermediate to nodular basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Skin Metatypical Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Metatypical Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883040"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8095/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Skin_Metatypical_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Metatypical carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8095/3"}]}}{"C4110":{"preferredName":"Intraepidermal Epithelioma of Jadassohn","code":"C4110","definitions":[{"description":"A rare cutaneous lesion presenting as a scaly verrucous plaque. Morphologically, the plaque contains nests of basaloid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borst-Jadassohn Intraepidermal Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepidermal Epithelioma of Jadassohn","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepidermal epithelioma of Jadassohn","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2937231"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8096/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intraepidermal_Epithelioma_of_Jadassohn"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraepidermal epithelioma of Jadassohn"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8096/0"}]}}{"C62282":{"preferredName":"Skin Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C62282","definitions":[{"description":"A basal cell carcinoma of the skin that often appears as elevated nodules which may become ulcerated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1367861"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Skin_Nodular_Basal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma, nodular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8097/3"}]}}{"C27541":{"preferredName":"Skin Micronodular Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27541","definitions":[{"description":"A basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of small nodules that permeate the dermis. It presents as an elevated or flat infiltrating tumor, usually in the back.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basal cell carcinoma, micronodular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Micronodular Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Micronodular Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL331352"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Micronodular_Basal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell carcinoma, micronodular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8097/3"}]}}{"C27535":{"preferredName":"Skin Adenoid Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27535","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of basal cell carcinoma morphologically characterized by the presence of thin strands of basaloid cells forming a reticulate pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoid Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Adenoid Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266007"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8098/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenoid_Basal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenoid basal carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8098/3"}]}}{"C27132":{"preferredName":"Trichoblastoma","code":"C27132","definitions":[{"description":"A benign hair follicle neoplasm with trichoblastic differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign hair follicle neoplasm with trichoblastic differentiation. It usually presents as a solitary papular lesion It most often presents on the head and neck area, but it may develop in any anatomic site containing hair follicles. Because of its benign nature, treatment usually is not required, provided that the diagnosis has been established with certainty.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brooke tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Brooke's Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brooke's Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRICHOEPITHELIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trichoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trichoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Trichoepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trichoepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trichogenic Adnexal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trichogenic Adnexal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trichogenic Trichoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trichogenic Trichoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0349658"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8100/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trichogenic_Trichoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioma adenoides cysticum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trichoepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8100/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Brooke tumor"}]}}{"C4112":{"preferredName":"Trichofolliculoma","code":"C4112","definitions":[{"description":"A skin appendage neoplasm with follicular differentiation. It usually occurs in the head and neck region, particularly the face. It presents as a solitary dome-shaped small lesion. The clinical course is benign.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trichofolliculoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Trichofolliculoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334262"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8101/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trichofolliculoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8101/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trichofolliculoma"}]}}{"C4113":{"preferredName":"Trichilemmoma","code":"C4113","definitions":[{"description":"A benign hair follicle neoplasm in the outer hair sheath and infundibulum, characterized by central cells showing highly eosinophilic amorphous keratin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from the outer hair sheath and infundibulum. It occurs in the head and neck, usually on the face. It usually presents as an exophytic wart-like lesion or a dome-shaped lesion with smooth surface. Multiple facial lesions are usually associated with Cowden disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRICHOLEMMOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trichilemmoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Trichilemmoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tricholemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334263"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8102/2"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8102/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trichilemmoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8102/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trichilemmoma"}]}}{"C43326":{"preferredName":"Trichilemmal Carcinoma","code":"C43326","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant tumor arising from the outer hair sheath and infundibulum on the face. It is considered the malignant counterpart of tricholemmoma. Complete surgical excision is required.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trichilemmal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trichilemmal carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Trichilemmocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Trichilemmocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266009"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8102/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trichilemmal_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trichilemmocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trichoblastic carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8102/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trichilemmal carcinoma"}]}}{"C27125":{"preferredName":"Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumor","code":"C27125","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm with tricholemmal differentiation. It affects women more frequently than men. It usually presents on the scalp as a solitary, multilobular, large, exophytic mass. Morphologically, it may display benign cytological features and appear as a circumscribed solid-cystic neoplasm or it may display malignant characteristics and invasive features. Cases without malignant characteristics usually have an indolent course. Complete surgical excision is recommended in such cases to avoid recurrences and to allow complete examination of the specimen. Cases with malignant characteristics may have a locally aggressive clinical course, recur, or metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pilar Cyst","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilar Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilar tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Proliferating Pilar Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Trichilemmal Cyst","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Tricholemmal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating trichilemmal cyst","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Proliferating trichilemmal tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0086809"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8103/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8103/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pilar_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Proliferating trichilemmal cyst"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Proliferating trichilemmal tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8103/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pilar tumor"}]}}{"C7368":{"preferredName":"Pilomatricoma","code":"C7368","definitions":[{"description":"A benign hair follicle neoplasm in the outer hair sheath and infundibulum, characterized by abrupt keratinization and central lumen with ghost cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign adnexal neoplasm arising from hair-bearing skin surfaces, usually the head and neck and upper extremities. It usually presents as a solitary, slow-growing nodular mass. Morphologically, it displays differentiation towards the matrix and inner sheath of the normal hair follicle and the hair cortex. Complete surgical excision is usually curative. Occasionally, it may recur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Hair Follicle Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Pilomatricoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Pilomatricoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Pilomatrixoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Pilomatrixoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Epithelioma of Malherbe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Epitherlioma of Malherbe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"PILOMATRIXOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pilomatricoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilomatricoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pilomatrixoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pilomatrixoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206711"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8110/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pilomatricoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pilomatricoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pilomatrixoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8110/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe"}]}}{"C4114":{"preferredName":"Pilomatrical Carcinoma","code":"C4114","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare, locally aggressive, malignant neoplasm of the hair follicle. The majority of the cases arise de novo, however malignant transformation from a pre-existing pilomatricoma has been reported. It usually presents as a solitary nodule in the head and neck, upper extremities, or buttocks. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of aggregates of basaloid cells infiltrating the dermis. Masses of ghost cells are present in the cellular aggregates. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. If it is not completely removed, it usually recurs, but it rarely metastasizes to distant anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Invasive Pilomatrixoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Matrical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Matrical carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pilomatrical Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilomatrix Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilomatrix Carcinoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilomatrix Carcinoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilomatrix Skin Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilomatrix carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0585475"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8110/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pilomatrix_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pilomatrix carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pilomatricoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pilomatrixoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Matrical carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8110/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pilomatrical carcinoma"}]}}{"C4115":{"preferredName":"Transitional Cell Papilloma","code":"C4115","definitions":[{"description":"A benign papillary neoplasm composed of transitional cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign papillary neoplasm composed of transitional cells which show preservation of the nuclear polarity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PAPILLOMA, TRANSITIONAL CELL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Transitional Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional cell papilloma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Transitional papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334266"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8120/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Transitional_Cell_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional cell papilloma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8120/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional cell papilloma, NOS"}]}}{"C3842":{"preferredName":"Urothelial Papilloma","code":"C3842","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign condition, characterized by a papillary growth in the urinary tract with a central fibrovascular core. The latter is lined by normal urothelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papilloma of bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Urothelial Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urothelial papilloma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0235754"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8120/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Urothelial_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papilloma of bladder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Urothelial papilloma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8120/1"}]}}{"C4116":{"preferredName":"Stage 0 Transitional Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4116","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion in which the surface epithelium of the bladder or the renal pelvis and ureter contains transitional cells which display malignant cytologic characteristics. There is no evidence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stage 0 Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional cell carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334267"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8120/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_0_Transitional_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8120/2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional cell carcinoma in situ"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Urothelial carcinoma in situ"}]}}{"C2930":{"preferredName":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma","code":"C2930","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from transitional epithelium, usually affecting the urinary bladder, ureter, or renal pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from transitional epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in transitional cells in the lining of the bladder, ureter, or renal pelvis (the part of the kidney that collects, holds, and drains urine). Transitional cells are cells that can change shape and stretch without breaking apart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the transitional epithelium, usually affecting the urinary bladder, ureter, or renal pelvis. It may or may not have a papillary configuration. It is graded 1 to 3 or 4 according to the degree of cellular differentiation and architectural patterns. Grade 1 transitional cell carcinoma is histologically benign but it may recur. Transitional cell carcinomas may also affect the upper respiratory tract and the ovaries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, UROTHELIAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Transitional Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Transitional carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Transitional cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"transitional cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007138"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8120/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Transitional_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional cell carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8120/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional carcinoma"}]}}{"C4030":{"preferredName":"Urothelial Carcinoma","code":"C4030","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm derived from the transitional epithelium of the urinary tract (urinary bladder, ureter, urethra, or renal pelvis). It is frequently papillary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Conventional Urothelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Urinary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional cell car. -uroth.","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelial tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Uroepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urothelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urothelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Urothelial carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2145472"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Urothelial_Transitional_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Urothelial carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8120/3"}]}}{"C4117":{"preferredName":"Sinonasal Papilloma","code":"C4117","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. It is classified as inverted papilloma, oncocytic papilloma, and exophytic papilloma. Clinical manifestations include nasal obstruction, epistaxis, and anosmia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Schneiderian Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schneiderian papilloma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sinonasal Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinonasal Schneiderian Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334268"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8121/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Schneiderian_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sinonasal papilloma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Schneiderian papilloma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sinonasal papilloma, fungiform"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sinonasal papilloma, exophytic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8121/0"}]}}{"C4118":{"preferredName":"Inverted Transitional Cell Papilloma","code":"C4118","definitions":[{"description":"A benign papillary neoplasm composed of transitional cells and characterized by an endophytic growth pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inverted Transitional Cell Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inverted Transitional Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional cell papilloma, inverted, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Transitional papilloma, inverted, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334269"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8121/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inverted_Transitional_Cell_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional papilloma, inverted, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional cell papilloma, inverted, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional papilloma, inverted, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8121/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8121/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional cell papilloma, inverted, NOS"}]}}{"C54345":{"preferredName":"Sinonasal Oncocytic Papilloma","code":"C54345","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm with exophytic and endophytic growth arising from the lateral nasal wall or the paranasal sinuses. It is characterized by the proliferation of columnar cells with oncocytic features. Microcysts containing mucin and neutrophils are present in the epithelium. Clinical manifestations include nasal obstruction and epistaxis. Occasionally, it is associated with the development or presence of a carcinoma, usually squamous cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oncocytic Schneiderian Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Schneiderian papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sinonasal Oncocytic Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinonasal Oncocytic Schneiderian Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704453"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oncocytic_Schneiderian_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oncocytic Schneiderian papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8121/1"}]}}{"C6871":{"preferredName":"Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma","code":"C6871","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. It results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma. Clinical manifestations include nasal obstruction, epistaxis, and anosmia. It has the tendency to recur and extend to adjacent structures. Inverted papillomas are occasionally associated with the development or presence of carcinomas, usually squamous cell carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inverted Schneiderian Papilloma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inverted Schneiderian Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schneiderian papilloma, inverted","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinonasal Inverted Schneiderian Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1537102"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inverted_Schneiderian_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Schneiderian papilloma, inverted"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sinonasal papilloma, inverted"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8121/1"}]}}{"C54287":{"preferredName":"Sinonasal Non-Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C54287","definitions":[{"description":"A squamous cell carcinoma of the sinonasal tract characterized by a plexiform or ribbon-like growth pattern, cytological atypia, and lack of histological evidence of keratinization.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Keratinizing Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ringertz Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schneiderian Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schneiderian carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sinonasal Cylindrical Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinonasal Non-Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinonasal Non-Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Sinonasal Schneiderian Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sinonasal Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334270"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8121/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Non-Keratinizing_Sinonasal_Squamous_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cylindrical cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Schneiderian carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8121/3"}]}}{"C4120":{"preferredName":"Sarcomatoid Transitional Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4120","definitions":[{"description":"A poorly differentiated transitional cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with spindle cell morphologic features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Cell Spindle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Spindle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional cell carcinoma, sarcomatoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Transitional cell carcinoma, spindle cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334271"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8122/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sarcomatoid_Transitional_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional cell carcinoma, sarcomatoid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional cell carcinoma, spindle cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8122/3"}]}}{"C4121":{"preferredName":"Basaloid Carcinoma","code":"C4121","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, small amount of cytoplasm, and peripheral nuclear palisading.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basaloid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Basaloid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basaloid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Basaloid carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704216"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8123/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Basaloid_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basaloid carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8123/3"}]}}{"C8255":{"preferredName":"Anal Canal Cloacogenic Carcinoma","code":"C8255","definitions":[{"description":"An anal carcinoma arising from the transitional zone of the anal canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anal Canal Cloacogenic Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Anal Canal Cloacogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Canal Transitional Zone Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Cloacogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cloacogenic Anal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cloacogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cloacogenic Carcinoma of Anus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cloacogenic Carcinoma of the Anus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cloacogenic carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334273"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8124/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anal_Cloacogenic_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cloacogenic carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8124/3"}]}}{"C27884":{"preferredName":"Bladder Papillary Urothelial Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","code":"C27884","definitions":[{"description":"A papillary neoplasm of the urinary bladder in which the transitional cells form papillae. The papillary structures exhibit minimal architectural distortion and minimal atypia. Mitoses are infrequent. Patients are at an increased risk of developing new papillary lesions. Occasionally, the new lesions are urothelial carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bladder PUNLMP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Papillary Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Papillary Transitional Cell Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Papillary Urothelial Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266010"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8130/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Urothelial_Neoplasm_of_Low_Malignant_Potential"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary transitional cell neoplasm of low malignant potential"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8130/1"}]}}{"C65181":{"preferredName":"Non-Invasive Papillary Transitional Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65181","definitions":[{"description":"A transitional cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth pattern and lack of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Invasive Papillary Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL017895"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8130/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Non-Invasive_Papillary_Transitional_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary transitional cell carcinoma, non-invasive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary urothelial carcinoma, non-invasive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8130/2"}]}}{"C4122":{"preferredName":"Papillary Transitional Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4122","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive or invasive transitional cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth pattern. It may occur in the bladder or the renal pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Transitional Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary transitional cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334274"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8130/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Transitional_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary transitional cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary urothelial carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8130/3"}]}}{"C65182":{"preferredName":"Micropapillary Transitional Cell Carcinoma","code":"C65182","definitions":[{"description":"A transitional cell carcinoma characterized by a micropapillary growth pattern. Typical example is the micropapillary variant of infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Micropapillary Transitional Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266012"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8131/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Micropapillary_Transitional_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional cell carcinoma, micropapillary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Urothelial carcinoma, micropapillary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8131/3"}]}}{"C2855":{"preferredName":"Adenoma","code":"C2855","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tumor that is not cancer. It starts in gland-like cells of the epithelial tissue (thin layer of tissue that covers organs, glands, and other structures within the body).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neoplasm arising from the epithelium. It may be encapsulated or non-encapsulated but non-invasive. The neoplastic epithelial cells may or may not display cellular atypia or dysplasia. In the gastrointestinal tract, when dysplasia becomes severe it is sometimes called carcinoma in situ. Representative examples are pituitary gland adenoma, follicular adenoma of the thyroid gland, and adenomas (or adenomatous polyps) of the gastrointestinal tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001430"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8140/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8140/0"}]}}{"C7559":{"preferredName":"Atypical Adenoma","code":"C7559","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma characterized by increased cellularity and nuclear atypia without evidence of vascular or capsular invasion. A representative example is thyroid gland atypical follicular adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1305409"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8140/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8140/1"}]}}{"C3494":{"preferredName":"Lung Papillary Adenoma","code":"C3494","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasia of the lung, arising from bronchial epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in tissues of the bronchi (large air passages in the lungs including those that lead to the lungs from the windpipe).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign lung neoplasm characterized by the presence of a fibrovascular stroma lined by cuboidal to columnar cells. Patients are usually asymptomatic and it is incidentally discovered as a pulmonary nodule during chest X-ray examination. Surgical excision is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, BRONCHIAL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Bronchus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Bronchus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchial Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Papillary Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Adenoma of Type II Pneumocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Papillary Tumor of Type II Pneumocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Type II Pneumocyte Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"bronchial adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0149845"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8260/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bronchial_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchial adenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8140/1"}]}}{"C4123":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ","code":"C4123","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion in which the normally situated glands are partially or completely replaced by atypical cells with malignant characteristics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in situ, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334276"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8140/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_in_situ"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma in situ, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8140/2"}]}}{"C4124":{"preferredName":"Metastatic Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4124","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma, metastatic, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Metastatic Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Metastatic Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Metastatic Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334277"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8140/6"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Metastatic_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma, metastatic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8140/6"}]}}{"C2928":{"preferredName":"Scirrhous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C2928","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm originating from glandular cells with a fibrous or fibroblastic component.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An infiltrating adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of desmoplastic stromal reaction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma With Productive Fibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Productive Fibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FIBROADENOCARCINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibrocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Scirrhous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scirrhous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Scirrhous adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Scirrhous carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007135"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8141/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Scirrhous_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Scirrhous adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Scirrhous carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8141/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma with productive fibrosis"}]}}{"C3190":{"preferredName":"Linitis Plastica","code":"C3190","definitions":[{"description":"A cancer-related condition in which the gastric wall becomes thickened and rubbery (leather-bottle stomach). It is most often associated with diffuse gastric adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Linitis Plastica","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Linitis plastica","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023743"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8142/3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Linitis_Plastica"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Linitis plastica"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8142/3"}]}}{"C4125":{"preferredName":"Superficial Spreading Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4125","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma which has spread within the mucosa without further invasion of the underlying tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial spreading adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334278"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8143/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Superficial_Spreading_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Superficial spreading adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8143/3"}]}}{"C4126":{"preferredName":"Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4126","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma arising from epithelium which has undergone intestinal metaplasia. Representative examples include gastric, gallbladder, and ampulla of Vater intestinal type adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma, intestinal type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, intestinal type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Intestinal Type Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334279"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8144/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intestinal_Type_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma, intestinal type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8144/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma, intestinal type"}]}}{"C4127":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Type Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4127","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a diffuse cellular infiltrate which is composed of poorly cohesive cells with minimal or no glandular formations. Representative example is the gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma, diffuse type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, diffuse type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Diffuse Type Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Type Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL523903"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8145/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diffuse_Type_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma, diffuse type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Poorly cohesive carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8490/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma, diffuse type"}]}}{"C3686":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Monomorphic Adenoma","code":"C3686","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the salivary glands. It is characterized by the presence of a monomorphic cellular infiltrate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Salivary Gland Monomorphic Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205649"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8146/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Salivary_Gland_Monomorphic_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Monomorphic adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8146/0"}]}}{"C5950":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Basal Cell Adenoma","code":"C5950","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm with a uniform, monomorphic appearance that is dominated by basal cells forming trabecular structures. It is rare, and occurs mostly on the parotid gland. The average age of patients has been reported to be 58 years. Swelling is the most constant clinical finding.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basal Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Adenoma of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Adenoma of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal cell adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Basal Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205646"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8147/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Salivary_Gland_Basal_Cell_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8147/0"}]}}{"C3678":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma","code":"C3678","definitions":[{"description":"A rare adenocarcinoma of the major and minor salivary glands, originating from basaloid, myoepithelial and ductal cells. While morphologically resembling basal cell carcinomas, it is a distinct entity. The tumor is not encapsulated, may invade locally, and less frequently may metastasize. It usually occurs in older patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205641"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8147/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Salivary_Gland_Basal_Cell_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basal cell adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8147/3"}]}}{"C7661":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C7661","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glandular intraepithelial neoplasia, grade I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Glandular intraepithelial neoplasia, low grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade I Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334423"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8148/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Low_Grade_Glandular_Intraepithelial_Neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glandular intraepithelial neoplasia, grade I"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glandular intraepithelial neoplasia, low grade"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8148/0"}]}}{"C27428":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Esophageal Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C27428","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion in which the architectural and cytologic abnormalities are confined to the lower half of the esophageal glandular epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal Low Grade Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal glandular dysplasia (intraepithelial neoplasia), low grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Low Grade Esophageal Glandular Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Esophageal Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1333457"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8148/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Esophageal_Low-Grade_Glandular_Intraepithelial_Neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Esophageal glandular dysplasia (intraepithelial neoplasia), low grade"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8148/0"}]}}{"C7660":{"preferredName":"Grade II Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C7660","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glandular intraepithelial neoplasia, grade II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moderate Glandular Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1333861"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8148/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Grade_II_Glandular_Intraepithelial_Neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glandular intraepithelial neoplasia, grade II"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8148/0"}]}}{"C7662":{"preferredName":"High Grade Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C7662","definitions":[{"description":"This lesion shows moderate or marked architectural distortion with glandular crowding and prominent cellular atypia. It includes moderate dysplasia and severe dysplasia. (WHO, 2000)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"High Grade Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334014"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8148/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"High_Grade_Glandular_Intraepithelial_Neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glandular intraepithelial neoplasia, high grade"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8148/2"}]}}{"C27429":{"preferredName":"High Grade Esophageal Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C27429","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion in which the architectural and cytologic abnormalities involve both the lower and the upper half of the esophageal glandular epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal High-Grade Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal glandular dysplasia (intraepithelial neoplasia), high grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"High Grade Esophageal Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Esophageal Glandular Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Esophageal Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1333449"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8148/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Esophageal_High-Grade_Glandular_Intraepithelial_Neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Esophageal glandular dysplasia (intraepithelial neoplasia), high grade"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8148/2"}]}}{"C3642":{"preferredName":"Grade III Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C3642","definitions":[{"description":"High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of severe architectural and cytologic abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in situ of Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in situ of the Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3 PIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III PIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Grade III Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIN III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Prostate Adenocarcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, grade III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0154088"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Grade_III_Prostatic_Intraepithelial_Neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"PIN III"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma in situ: Prostate"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, grade III"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8148/2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma in situ of prostate"}]}}{"C67493":{"preferredName":"High-Grade Biliary Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C67493","definitions":[{"description":"Biliary intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of high grade epithelial dysplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BilIN-3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary Intraepithelial Neoplasia-3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary intraepithelial neoplasia, grade 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Biliary Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade BilIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Biliary Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade BilIN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Biliary Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Biliary Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2348875"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8148/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Grade_3_Biliary_Intraepithelial_Neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Biliary intraepithelial neoplasia, grade 3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8148/2"}]}}{"C27425":{"preferredName":"Esophageal High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C27425","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion in which the architectural and cytologic abnormalities involve both the lower and the upper half of the esophageal mucosa. It includes lesions termed moderate dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ (severe dysplasia). (WHO, 2000)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esophageal High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal High-Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal High-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esophageal intraepithelial neoplasia, high grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1333450"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8148/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Esophageal_High-Grade_Intraepithelial_Neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Esophageal intraepithelial neoplasia, high grade"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8148/2"}]}}{"C6877":{"preferredName":"Grade III Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C6877","definitions":[{"description":"A high grade intraepithelial neoplasia in which there is marked architectural distortion and crowding of the glands, associated with severe cellular atypia. The neoplastic cells display pleomorphic and hyperchromatic nuclei.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glandular intraepithelial neoplasia, grade III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade III Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266013"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8148/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Grade_III_Glandular_Intraepithelial_Neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glandular intraepithelial neoplasia, grade III"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8148/2"}]}}{"C5979":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Canalicular Adenoma","code":"C5979","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm primarily composed of branching and interconnecting cords of single and double-cell thick rows of columnar epithelium in a very loose stroma. It often occurs in the upper lip, where only pleomorphic adenoma is more frequent. Asymptomatic swelling of the upper lip is the most common clinical finding. It may present clinically and histologically as a multifocal lesion, a feature not generally seen with other intraoral salivary gland tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Canalicular Adenoma of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Canalicular Adenoma of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Canalicular adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Canalicular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1335896"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8149/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Salivary_Gland_Canalicular_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Canalicular adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8149/0"}]}}{"C65184":{"preferredName":"Islet Cell Adenoma","code":"C65184","definitions":[{"description":"A benign endocrine neoplasm arising from the pancreas. It is separated from the normal pancreatic tissues by a thin collagenous capsule. It may secrete a hormone (e.g. insulin, gastrin) or it may be non-functional.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Islet Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Islet cell adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022134"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8150/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Islet_Cell_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nesidioblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Islet cell adenoma"}]}}{"C27031":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","code":"C27031","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the pancreas. It includes neuroendocrine tumors (low and intermediate grade) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (high grade).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Endocrine Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973078"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8150/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreatic_Endocrine_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Islet cell tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatic endocrine tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8150/1"}]}}{"C3770":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C3770","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant endocrine neoplasm arising from islets of Langerhans of the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer arising from cells in the islets of Langerhans, which are found in the pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the pancreas. The mitotic count is more than 20 per 10 HPF. According to the size of the malignant cells, the prominence of the nucleoli, and the amount of cytoplasm, it is classified either as small or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, ISLET CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"High Grade Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Islet Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Islet Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Islet Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Islet cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Islet Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Pancreatic Endocrine Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PanNEC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Endocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic NEC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic NEC G3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Pancreatic Endocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"islet cell cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"pancreatic endocrine cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328479"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8150/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreatic_Endocrine_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Endocrine pancreas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of islets of Langerhans"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatic endocrine tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Islet cell adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8150/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Islet cell carcinoma"}]}}{"C95598":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Insulinoma","code":"C95598","definitions":[{"description":"A usually benign tumor of insulin secreting pancreatic beta cells, associated with hypoglycemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An abnormal mass that grows in the beta cells of the pancreas that make insulin. Beta cell neoplasms are usually benign (not cancer). They secrete insulin and are the most common cause of low blood sugar caused by having too much insulin in the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An insulin-producing neuroendocrine tumor arising from the beta cells of the pancreas. Patients exhibit symptoms related to hypoglycemia due to inappropriate secretion of insulin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Insulinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Insulinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Insulinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Insulinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Insulinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"insulinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021670"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Insulinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8151/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Insulinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Insulinoma, NOS"}]}}{"C67457":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Beta Cell Adenoma","code":"C67457","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma arising from the beta cells of the pancreas. It produces insulin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Beta Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Beta Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Beta Islet Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279719"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreatic_Beta_Cell_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Beta cell adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8151/0"}]}}{"C65186":{"preferredName":"Malignant Pancreatic Insulinoma","code":"C65186","definitions":[{"description":"An insulin-producing neuroendocrine tumor arising from the beta cells of the pancreas. Patients exhibit symptoms related to hypoglycemia due to inappropriate secretion of insulin. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Beta cell tumor, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Insulinoma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Insulinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Pancreatic Insulinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Pancreatic Insulinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Beta Islet Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Insulin Producing Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334281"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8151/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Insulinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Beta cell tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Insulinoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8151/3"}]}}{"C66925":{"preferredName":"Enteroglucagonoma","code":"C66925","definitions":[{"description":"An endocrine neoplasm producing glucagon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Enteroglucagonoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enteroglucagonoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266016"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8157/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8152/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Enteroglucagonoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Enteroglucagonoma, NOS"}]}}{"C65187":{"preferredName":"Malignant Pancreatic Glucagonoma","code":"C65187","definitions":[{"description":"A glucagon-producing neuroendocrine tumor arising from the alpha cells of the pancreas. It may be associated with necrolytic erythema migrans, diarrhea, diabetes, glossitis, weight loss, malabsorption, and anemia. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alpha cell tumor, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Glucagonoma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Glucagonoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Pancreatic Glucagonoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Pancreatic Glucagonoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Alpha Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334282"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8152/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Glucagonoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Alpha cell tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glucagonoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8152/3"}]}}{"C65191":{"preferredName":"Malignant Enteroglucagonoma","code":"C65191","definitions":[{"description":"A glucagon-producing malignant endocrine neoplasm. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Enteroglucagonoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266017"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8157/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8152/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Enteroglucagonoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Enteroglucagonoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8152/3"}]}}{"C3050":{"preferredName":"Gastrin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","code":"C3050","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor that causes overproduction of gastric acid. It usually begins in the duodenum (first part of the small intestine that connects to the stomach) or the islet cells of the pancreas. Rarely, it may also begin in other organs, including the stomach, liver, jejunum (the middle part of the small intestine), biliary tract (organs and ducts that make and store bile), mesentery, or heart. It is a type of neuroendocrine tumor, and it may metastasize (spread) to the liver and the lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumor. It is usually located in the pancreas but it is also found at other anatomic sites, including the stomach and small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"G Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-Cell Gastrin Producing Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"G-Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrin Secreting Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrin-Producing NET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gastrin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"gastrinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017150"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8153/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"G-Cell_Gastrin_Producing_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastrinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastrin cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastrinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8153/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"G cell tumor, NOS"}]}}{"C65188":{"preferredName":"Malignant Gastrinoma","code":"C65188","definitions":[{"description":"A gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumor. It is characterized by inappropriate secretion of gastrin and associated with Zollinger Ellison syndrome. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"G cell tumor, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gastrin cell tumor, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gastrinoma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Gastrinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Gastrinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334283"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8153/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Gastrinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastrin cell tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastrinoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8153/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"G cell tumor, malignant"}]}}{"C45843":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C45843","definitions":[{"description":"A rare carcinoma with a poor prognosis, characterized by the presence of a mixture of exocrine and neuroendocrine malignant epithelial cells in both the pancreas and metastatic sites. Symptoms include jaundice, abdominal pain, and weight loss.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Exocrine-Endocrine Carcinoma of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed pancreatic endocrine and exocrine tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Carcinoma with Mixed Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mixed Neuroendocrine-Non-Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709050"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8154/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Exocrine-Endocrine_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed pancreatic endocrine and exocrine tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8154/3"}]}}{"C164255":{"preferredName":"Mixed Neuroendocrine Non-Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","code":"C164255","definitions":[{"description":"A rare neoplasm that consist of neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine cellular components. At least 30% of either component should be present for the diagnosis to be made.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MINEN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Neuroendocrine Non-Neuroendocrine Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334284"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8154/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN)"}]}}{"C26749":{"preferredName":"VIP-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","code":"C26749","definitions":[{"description":"An often clinically aggressive neuroendocrine tumor located in the pancreas or small intestine. It is composed of cells containing vasoactive intestinal peptide. It may cause intractable diarrhea and metabolic disturbances.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VIP Producing Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VIP- Secreting Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VIP- Secreting Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VIP-Producing NET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VIP-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"VIP-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VIPoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Producing Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Producing Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Secreting Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vipoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011993"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8155/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vasoactive_Intestinal_Peptide_Producing_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vipoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8155/1"}]}}{"C65189":{"preferredName":"Malignant Vipoma","code":"C65189","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive neuroendocrine tumor located in the pancreas or small intestine. It is composed of cells containing vasoactive intestinal peptide. It is associated with watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and hypochlorhydria or achlorhydria. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Vipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vipoma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881600"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8155/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Vipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vipoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8155/3"}]}}{"C3379":{"preferredName":"Somatostatin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","code":"C3379","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, usually malignant neuroendocrine tumor arizing from delta cells. This neoplasm produces large amounts of somatostatin, which may result in a syndrome characterized by diarrhea, steatorrhea, weight loss, and gastric hyposecretion. Sixty percent are found in the pancreas and 40% in the duodenum or jejunum. The peak incidence occurs between 40 and 60 years of age; women are affected more than men by 2:1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Delta Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatostatin Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatostatin Producing Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatostatin cell tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Somatostatin-Producing NET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatostatin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Somatostatin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatostatin-Producing Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatostatinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Somatostatinoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tumor of Delta Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Delta Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037661"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8156/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Delta_Cell_Somatostatin_Producing_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Somatostatinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Somatostatinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8156/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Somatostatin cell tumor, NOS"}]}}{"C65190":{"preferredName":"Malignant Somatostatinoma","code":"C65190","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neuroendocrine tumor arising from delta cells which produce somatostatin. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Delta Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Somatostatinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Somatostatinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266015"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8156/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Somatostatinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Somatostatin cell tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Somatostatinoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8156/3"}]}}{"C94759":{"preferredName":"Functioning Endocrine Neoplasm","code":"C94759","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor that is found in endocrine tissue and makes hormones (chemicals that travel in the bloodstream and control the actions of other cells or organs).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A hormone producing endocrine neoplasm, associated with a hormonal syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Functioning Endocrine Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"functioning tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986655"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8158/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endocrine tumor, functioning, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8158/1"}]}}{"C2942":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Adenoma","code":"C2942","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from/comprising cells resembling those of bile ducts.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, well-demarcated polypoid neoplasm arising from the bile duct epithelium. According to the growth pattern, it is classified as tubular, papillary, or tubulopapillary. Adenomas arising from the extrahepatic bile ducts usually produce symptoms related to biliary obstruction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoma of Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BDA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile duct adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CHOLANGIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cholangioadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cholangioadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cholangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cholangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatocholangiocellular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatocholangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008309"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8160/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bile_Duct_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bile duct adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cholangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8160/0"}]}}{"C4436":{"preferredName":"Cholangiocarcinoma","code":"C4436","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from/comprising cells resembling those of bile ducts.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare type of cancer that develops in cells that line the bile ducts in the liver. Cancer that forms where the right and left ducts meet is called Klatskin tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from the intrahepatic bile ducts, the hepatic ducts, or the common bile duct distal to the insertion of the cystic duct. The vast majority of tumors are adenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cholangiocar.- intra/extrahepatic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cholangiocarcinoma, intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts (adenocarcinoma)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cholangiocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholangiocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer (Cholangiocarcinoma)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cholangiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206698"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8160/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cholangiocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cholangiocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8160/3"}]}}{"C27813":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Adenocarcinoma","code":"C27813","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma arising from the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile duct adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1370800"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bile_Duct_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bile duct adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8160/3"}]}}{"C4129":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm","code":"C4129","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial, usually multiloculated neoplasm arising from the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts. It occurs predominantly in females. Signs and symptoms include abdominal mass, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Morphologically, the cystic spaces are lined by columnar epithelium and contain mucinous or serous fluid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Duct Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct MCN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile duct cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cystadenoma of Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystadenoma of the Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334285"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8161/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bile_Duct_Cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bile duct cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8161/0"}]}}{"C4130":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm with an Associated Invasive Carcinoma","code":"C4130","definitions":[{"description":"A mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts and it is associated with an invasive carcinomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Duct Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct MCN with an Associated Invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm with an Associated Invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile duct cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Biliary Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystadenocarcinoma of Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystadenocarcinoma of the Bile Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334286"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8161/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Biliary_Cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bile duct cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8161/3"}]}}{"C36077":{"preferredName":"Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma","code":"C36077","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that develops in cells that line the bile ducts in the liver, where the right and left ducts meet. It is a type of cholangiocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from the junction, or adjacent to the junction, of the right and left hepatic ducts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hilar CC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Klatskin Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Klatskin tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Klatskin tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206702"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hilar_Cholangiocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Klatskin tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8162/3"}]}}{"C95914":{"preferredName":"Ampullary Noninvasive Pancreatobiliary Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Dysplasia","code":"C95914","definitions":[{"description":"An ampullary noninvasive papillary neoplasm of the pancreatobiliary type characterized by the presence of low grade dysplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ampullary Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ampullary Noninvasive Pancreatobiliary Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272434"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8163/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Noninvasive pancreatobiliary papillary neoplasm with low grade dysplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Noninvasive pancreatobiliary papillary neoplasm with low grade intraepithelial neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8163/0"}]}}{"C95915":{"preferredName":"Ampullary Noninvasive Pancreatobiliary Papillary Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia","code":"C95915","definitions":[{"description":"An ampullary noninvasive papillary neoplasm of the pancreatobiliary type characterized by the presence of high grade dysplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ampullary High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ampullary Noninvasive Pancreatobiliary Papillary Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3472606"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8163/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary neoplasm, pancreatobiliary type, with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Noninvasive pancreatobiliary papillary neoplasm with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary neoplasm, pancreatobiliary-type, with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8163/2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Noninvasive pancreatobiliary papillary neoplasm with high grade dysplasia"}]}}{"C95963":{"preferredName":"Ampulla of Vater Pancreatobiliary Type Adenocarcinoma","code":"C95963","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma that arises from the ampulla of Vater. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells that resemble the malignant cells of the pancreatic ductal or extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ampulla of Vater Pancreatobiliary Type Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatobiliary-type carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3272461"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8163/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatobiliary type carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatobiliary-type carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8163/3"}]}}{"C3758":{"preferredName":"Hepatocellular Adenoma","code":"C3758","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from hepatocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the hepatocytes. Grossly, it appears as a soft, round mass which often contains areas of hemorrhage and necrosis. Morphologically, the neoplastic cells resemble normal hepatocytes and form plates separated by sinusoids. Most patients have a history of contraceptive or anabolic steroids use.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, HEPATOCELLULAR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Liver Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Liver Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver cell adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206669"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8170/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatocellular_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatoma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Liver cell adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8170/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatocellular adenoma"}]}}{"C3099":{"preferredName":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma","code":"C3099","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from hepatocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of adenocarcinoma and the most common type of liver tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor that arises from hepatocytes. Hepatocellular carcinoma is relatively rare in the United States but very common in all African countries south of the Sahara and in Southeast Asia. Most cases are seen in patients over the age of 50 years, but this tumor can also occur in younger individuals and even in children. Hepatocellular carcinoma is more common in males than females and is associated with hepatitis B, hepatitis C, chronic alcohol abuse and cirrhosis. Serum elevation of alpha-fetoprotein occurs in a large percentage of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Grossly, hepatocellular carcinoma may present as a single mass, as multiple nodules, or as diffuse liver involvement. Microscopically, there is a wide range of differentiation from tumor to tumor (well differentiated to poorly differentiated tumors). Hepatocellular carcinomas quickly metastasize to regional lymph nodes and lung. The overall median survival of untreated liver cell carcinoma is about 4 months. The most effective treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma is complete resection of the tumor. Lately, an increasing number of tumors have been treated with liver transplantation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, HEPATOCELLULAR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HCC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hepatoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LIHC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver Cell Cancer (Hepatocellular Carcinoma)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Liver Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Primary Carcinoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Primary Carcinoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Carcinoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Primary Carcinoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hepatocellular carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hepatoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019204"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8170/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatocellular_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Liver cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Liver cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8170/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, NOS"}]}}{"C4131":{"preferredName":"Fibrolamellar Carcinoma","code":"C4131","definitions":[{"description":"A distinctive type of liver cell carcinoma that arises in non-cirrhotic livers and is seen predominantly in young patients. The tumor cells are polygonal and deeply eosinophilic, and are embedded in a fibrous stroma. The prognosis is similar to classical hepatocellular carcinoma that arises in non-cirrhotic livers, and better than hepatocellular carcinoma that arises in cirrhotic livers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrolamellar Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fibrolamellar Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Fibrolamellar Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrolamellar Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Fibrolamellar Carcinoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrolamellar Carcinoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Fibrolamellar Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, fibrolamellar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Liver Cell Fibrolamellar Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Hepatocellular Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polygonal Cell Type Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Fibrous Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334287"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8171/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibrolamellar_Hepatocellular_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, fibrolamellar"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8171/3"}]}}{"C27388":{"preferredName":"Scirrhous Hepatocellular Carcinoma","code":"C27388","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon type of hepatocelluar carcinoma, morphologically characterized by significant fibrosis around the sinusoid-like spaces and atrophy of the tumor trabeculae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, scirrhous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Scirrhous Hepatocellular Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Scirrhous Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Hepatic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing hepatic carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266018"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8172/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sclerosing_Hepatocellular_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, scirrhous"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sclerosing hepatic carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8172/3"}]}}{"C43627":{"preferredName":"Sarcomatoid Hepatocellular Carcinoma","code":"C43627","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant spindle cells or atypical giant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, spindle cell variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Hepatocellular Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatous Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1710014"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8173/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sarcomatous_Hepatocellular_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, spindle cell variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8173/3"}]}}{"C5754":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Hepatocellular Carcinoma","code":"C5754","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of clear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Carcinoma of Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Liver Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Hepatocellular Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular Clear Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, clear cell type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Liver Cell Clear Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1333067"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8174/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Hepatocellular_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, clear cell type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8174/3"}]}}{"C43625":{"preferredName":"Pleomorphic Hepatocellular Carcinoma","code":"C43625","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of hepatocellular carcinoma, characterized by the presence of malignant cells which show marked variation in their size and shape. Bizarre mononuclear or multinucleated giant cells are often present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, pleomorphic type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Hepatocellular Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Hepatocellular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709568"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8175/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pleomorphic_Hepatocellular_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatocellular carcinoma, pleomorphic type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8175/3"}]}}{"C3828":{"preferredName":"Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma","code":"C3828","definitions":[{"description":"A rare tumor containing unequivocal elements of both hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma that are intimately admixed. This tumor should be distinguished from separate hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma arising in the same liver. The prognosis of this tumor is poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma of Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cholangiohepatoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Hepatocellular Cancer and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer (Cholangiocarcinoma)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hepatocholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hepatocholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Hepatocellular Cholangiocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cHCC-CCA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0221287"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8180/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Combined_Hepatocellular_Carcinoma_and_Cholangiocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatocholangiocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed hepatocellular and bile duct carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8180/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma"}]}}{"C3688":{"preferredName":"Trabecular Adenoma","code":"C3688","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of a trabecular glandular architectural pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trabecular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trabecular adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205651"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8190/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trabecular_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trabecular adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8190/0"}]}}{"C4068":{"preferredName":"Trabecular Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4068","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of a trabecular glandular architectural pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Trabecular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trabecular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trabecular adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Trabecular carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0302182"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8332/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8190/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trabecular_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trabecular adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trabecular carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8190/3"}]}}{"C27253":{"preferredName":"Metanephric Adenoma","code":"C27253","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, well-circumscribed renal cortical neoplasm affecting females more often than males. Polycythemia has been reported in twelve-percent of patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Embryonal adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Kidney Embryonal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metanephric Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metanephric adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266045"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8325/0"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8191/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Metanephric_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Embryonal adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Metanephric adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8191/0"}]}}{"C27094":{"preferredName":"Cylindroma","code":"C27094","definitions":[{"description":"A benign sweat gland neoplasm usually occurring in the scalp or the face. It may present as solitary or multiple papular or nodular lesions. It may be a sporadic lesion or part of Brooke-Spiegler syndrome. It arises from the dermis and has a multinodular, circumscribed appearance. The nodules contain basaloid cells with small, dark nuclei. Complete excision is usually curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cylindroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cylindroma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cylindroma of skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cylindroma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermal Cylindroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1305968"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8200/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cylindroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cylindroma of skin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eccrine dermal cylindroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8200/0"}]}}{"C43352":{"preferredName":"Turban Tumor","code":"C43352","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ancell-Spiegler Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Turban Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Turban Tumor Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Turban tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1851526"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Turban_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Turban tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8200/0"}]}}{"C2970":{"preferredName":"Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma","code":"C2970","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of cancer that usually begins in the salivary glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the epithelial cells. Microscopically, the neoplastic epithelial cells form cylindrical spatial configurations (cribriform or classic type of adenoid cystic carcinoma), cordlike structures (tubular type of adenoid cystic carcinoma), or solid structures (basaloid variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma). Adenoid cystic carcinomas mostly occur in the salivary glands. Other primary sites of involvement include the lacrimal gland, the larynx, and the lungs. Adenoid cystic carcinomas spread along nerve sheaths, resulting in severe pain, and they tend to recur. Lymph node metastases are unusual; hematogenous tumor spread is characteristic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocystic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocystic carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adenoid cystic carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cylindroid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"adenoid cystic cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010606"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8200/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenoid_Cystic_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenoid cystic carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocystic carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cylindroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8200/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma, cylindroid"}]}}{"C5138":{"preferredName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ, Cribriform Pattern","code":"C5138","definitions":[{"description":"Breast ductal carcinoma in situ characterized by the presence of a cribriform architectural pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ with Cribriform Pattern","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ, Cribriform Pattern","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ, Cribriform Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Intraductal Cribriform Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cribriform DCIS of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cribriform DCIS of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cribriform Ductal Breast Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cribriform Ductal Carcinoma in situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cribriform Ductal Carcinoma in situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCIS of Breast with Cribriform Pattern","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCIS of the Breast with Cribriform Pattern","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma in situ of Breast with Cribriform Pattern","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma in situ of the Breast with Cribriform Pattern","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Cribriform Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Cribriform Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Cribriform Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334248"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8201/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intraductal_Cribriform_Breast_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ductal carcinoma in situ, cribriform type"}]}}{"C3680":{"preferredName":"Cribriform Carcinoma","code":"C3680","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma characterized by the presence of a cribriform architectural pattern. Representative examples include the intraductal cribriform breast carcinoma and invasive cribriform breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cribriform Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Cribriform Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cribriform carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205643"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8201/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cribriform_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cribriform carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ductal carcinoma, cribriform type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8201/3"}]}}{"C3685":{"preferredName":"Microcystic Adenoma","code":"C3685","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a microcystic pattern. The cystic spaces are lined by small cuboidal cells without evidence of significant cytologic atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Microcystic Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microcystic adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205648"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8202/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Microcystic_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Microcystic adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8202/0"}]}}{"C9473":{"preferredName":"Lactating Adenoma","code":"C9473","definitions":[{"description":"A tubular type adenoma of the breast in which, during pregnancy and lactation, the epithelial cells show extensive secretory changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lactating Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lactating adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pregnancy Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266023"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8204/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lactating_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lactating adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8204/0"}]}}{"C3764":{"preferredName":"Adenomatous Polyp","code":"C3764","definitions":[{"description":"A polypoid neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. There is proliferation of glandular cells which may display dysplastic cytologic features. Representative examples include the adenomatous polyps of the colon and rectum..","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenomatous Polyp","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenomatous Polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenomatous polyp, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"GI Tract Adenomatous Polyp","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract Adenomatous Polyp","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polypoid Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polypoid adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206677"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8210/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenomatous_Polyp"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenomatous polyp, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Polypoid adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8210/0"}]}}{"C7678":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in Adenomatous Polyp","code":"C7678","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive adenocarcinoma arising from the neoplastic glandular cells in an adenomatous polyp.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in Adenomatous Polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in situ in adenomatous polyp","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334290"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8210/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_in_situ_in_Adenomatous_Polyp"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma in situ in polypoid adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma in situ in adenomatous 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The neoplastic epithelial cells show dysplastic features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, TUBULAR CELL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"GI Tract Tubular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract Tubular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubular adenoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334292"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8211/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tubular_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tubular adenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8211/0"}]}}{"C65192":{"preferredName":"Tubular Adenocarcinoma","code":"C65192","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant glandular neoplasm exhibiting tubular structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An infiltrating adenocarcinoma in which the malignant cells form tubular structures. 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It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells with eosinophilic, finely granular cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastric Parietal Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parietal Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parietal cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266026"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8214/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Parietal_Cell_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Parietal cell adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Parietal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8214/3"}]}}{"C5609":{"preferredName":"Anal Glands Adenocarcinoma","code":"C5609","definitions":[{"description":"An anal adenocarcinoma arising from the epithelium of the anal glands. The overlying anal mucosa does not show evidence of neoplastic changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of Anal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of anal glands","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of the Anal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anal Glands Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266027"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8215/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anal_Glands_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma of anal ducts"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma of anal glands"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8215/3"}]}}{"C4134":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma in Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","code":"C4134","definitions":[{"description":"Adenocarcinomas developing in colorectal adenomas in patients with a history of adenomatous polyposis coli. The mean age of development of adenocarcinoma is about 40 years.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in adenomatous polyposis coli","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334293"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8220/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_in_Adenomatous_Polyposis_Coli"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma in adenomatous polyposis coli"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8220/3"}]}}{"C4135":{"preferredName":"Multiple Adenomatous Polyps","code":"C4135","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which multiple adenomas develop in the gastrointestinal tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GI Tract Multiple Adenomatous 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Carcinoid tumors may spread to the liver or other sites in the body, and they may secrete substances such as serotonin or prostaglandins, causing carcinoid syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A slow growing neuroendocrine tumor, composed of uniform, round, or polygonal cells having monotonous, centrally located nuclei and small nucleoli, infrequent mitoses, and no necrosis. The tumor may show a variety of patterns, such as solid, trabecular, and acinar. Electron microscopy shows small secretory granules. Immunohistochemical studies reveal NSE, as well as chromogranin immunoreactivity. Malignant histology (cellular pleomorphism, hyperchromatic nuclei, prominent nucleoli, necrosis, and mitoses) can occasionally be seen. Such cases may have an aggressive clinical course. Gastrointestinal tract and lung are common sites of involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Carcinoid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Enterochromaffin cell carcinoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"carcinoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007095"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8241/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8240/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carcinoid_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoid, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoid tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other benign neuroendocrine tumors"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Enterochromaffin cell carcinoid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8241/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8240/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Benign carcinoid tumor of unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Benign carcinoid tumor of unknown primary site"}]}}{"C35727":{"preferredName":"Grade I Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C35727","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade I Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266147"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8240/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Grade_I_Neuroendocrine_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neuroendocrine carcinoma, low grade"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neuroendocrine carcinoma, well-differentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8240/3"}]}}{"C27252":{"preferredName":"Enterochromaffin-Like Cell Neuroendocrine Tumor G1","code":"C27252","definitions":[{"description":"A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor) arising from the gastrointestinal tract. It is characterized by the presence of enterochromaffin-like type granules in the neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ECL Cell NET G1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enterochromaffin-Like Cell Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enterochromaffin-Like Cell NET G1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enterochromaffin-Like Cell Neuroendocrine Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enterochromaffin-Like Cell Neuroendocrine Tumor G1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266030"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8242/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8242/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Enterochromaffin-Like_Cell_Carcinoid_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Enterochromaffin-like cell carcinoid, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"ECL cell carcinoid, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Enterochromaffin-like cell tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Enterochromaffin-like cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8242/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8242/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"ECL cell carcinoid, NOS"}]}}{"C4139":{"preferredName":"Combined Carcinoid and Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4139","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of a mixture of neuroendocrine cells with morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of carcinoid tumor and malignant glandular cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoid tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Combined Carcinoid Neoplasm and Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Carcinoid Tumor and Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Carcinoid and Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Combined Carcinoid and Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined carcinoid and adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Combined/mixed carcinoid and adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Composite Carcinoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Composite Carcinoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Composite Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Composite carcinoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mixed Carcinoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334302"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8245/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8244/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Combined_Carcinoid_and_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Combined/mixed carcinoid and adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Combined carcinoid and adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Goblet cell carcinoid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Composite carcinoid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8245/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8243/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoid tumor"}]}}{"C95406":{"preferredName":"Digestive System Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C95406","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from the digestive system and is characterized by the presence of a malignant glandular epithelial component and a malignant neuroendocrine component. At least 30% of either component should be present for the diagnosis to be made.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Digestive System Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Digestive System Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal MANEC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MANEC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MANEC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987129"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8244/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed carcinoid-adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8244/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"MANEC"}]}}{"C43565":{"preferredName":"Appendix Tubular Carcinoid","code":"C43565","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the appendix. It does not show the morphologic characteristics of typical carcinoid tumors (neoplastic cells forming solid nests). In contrast, the tumor cells form small discrete tubules.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Appendix Tubular Carcinoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Appendix Tubular Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubular carcinoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706835"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8245/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Appendix_Tubular_Carcinoid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tubular carcinoid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8245/1"}]}}{"C3773":{"preferredName":"Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C3773","definitions":[{"description":"A usually aggressive carcinoma composed of malignant cells exhibiting neuroendocrine differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NEC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206695"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8246/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neuroendocrine_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neuroendocrine carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant poorly differentiated neuroendocrine tumors"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other malignant neuroendocrine tumors"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neuroendocrine tumors"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8246/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma, any site"}]}}{"C9231":{"preferredName":"Merkel Cell Carcinoma","code":"C9231","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of cancer that forms on or just beneath the skin, usually in parts of the body that have been exposed to the sun. It is most common in older people and in people with weakened immune systems.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare malignant cutaneous tumor seen in elderly patients. Its usual location is on the head, neck and extremities. The tumor is composed of small round cells with scanty cytoplasm arranged in a trabecular pattern, or in ill-defined nodules or in a diffuse pattern. The tumor cells contain cytoplasmic membrane-bound dense core granules resembling neurosecretory granules. There is strong evidence implicating Merkel cell polyomavirus in a majority of cases of Merkel cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous Apudoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Merkel Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Merkel Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Merkel Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Merkel Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Merkel cell cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Merkel cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Merkel cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Merkel cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Merkel cell tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroendocrine Skin Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trabecular Skin Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"trabecular cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007129"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8247/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neuroendocrine_Carcinoma_of_the_Skin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Merkel cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Merkel cell carcinoma of other sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8247/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Merkel cell carcinoma"}]}}{"C2879":{"preferredName":"Neoplasm of the Diffuse Neuroendocrine System","code":"C2879","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor made up of cells with APUD properties.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APUDoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apudoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Diffuse Neuroendocrine System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Diffuse Neuroendocrine System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003650"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8248/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neoplasm_of_the_Diffuse_Neuroendocrine_System"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Apudoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8248/1"}]}}{"C72074":{"preferredName":"Atypical Carcinoid Tumor","code":"C72074","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoid tumor characterized by a high mitotic rate, often associated with the presence of necrosis and nuclear pleomorphism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Atypical carcinoid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Carcinoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0391970"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Carcinoid_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant carcinoid tumors of other and unspecified sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant carcinoid tumor of unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant carcinoid tumors of other sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical carcinoid tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8249/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant carcinoid tumor of unknown primary site"}]}}{"C35725":{"preferredName":"Grade II Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C35725","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade II Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266148"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8249/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Grade_II_Neuroendocrine_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neuroendocrine carcinoma, moderately differentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8249/3"}]}}{"C3763":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Adenomatosis","code":"C3763","definitions":[{"description":"This is a non-human neoplastic process described in sheep.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Adenomatosis","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary adenomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206676"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8250/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pulmonary_Adenomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary adenomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8250/1"}]}}{"C2923":{"preferredName":"Minimally Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma","code":"C2923","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant lung neoplasm originating from the alveolar/bronchiolar epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A solitary adenocarcinoma arising from the lung and measuring 3 cm or less in size. It is characterized by a predominantly lepidic pattern and 5 mm or less invasion in greatest dimension. It is usually a non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, but rarely may be mucinous.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BAC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BAC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchioalveolar Adenocarcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioalveolar Adenocarcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchioalveolar Adenocarcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioalveolar Adenocarcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchioalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchiolo-Alveolar Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchiolo-Alveolar Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchiolo-Alveolar Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchiolo-Alveolar Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchiolo-Alveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchiolo-Alveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Adenocarcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Adenocarcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Adenocarcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Adenocarcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, BRONCHIOLOALVEOLAR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Minimally Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Minimally Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007120"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8251/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8250/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bronchiolo-Alveolar_Lung_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiolar carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiolo-alveolar adenocarcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiolar adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8251/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Alveolar adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8250/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Alveolar cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Alveolar carcinoma"}]}}{"C4140":{"preferredName":"Alveolar Adenoma","code":"C4140","definitions":[{"description":"A benign lung neoplasm arising from the alveolar/bronchiolar epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, well circumscribed lung neoplasm morphologically characterized by the presence of cystic spaces resembling alveoli, lined by a simple cuboidal epithelium. The cystic spaces are surrounded by a spindle cell stroma which may show myxoid changes. It is a solitary, usually peripheral lung lesion. Patients are usually asymptomatic and its discovery is an incidental finding during chest X-ray examination. Surgical excision is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, BRONCHIOLOALVEOLAR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Alveoli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Alveoli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Alveoli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Alveoli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alveolar Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alveolar adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334303"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8251/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alveolar_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Alveolar adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8251/0"}]}}{"C7269":{"preferredName":"Minimally Invasive Lung Non-Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C7269","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of minimally invasive lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of Clara cells and/or type II cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Minimally Invasive Lung Non-Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Mucinous Bronchoalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Mucinous Minimally Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266034"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8252/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Non-Mucinous_Bronchiolo-Alveolar_Lung_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma; type II pneumocyte"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma, non-mucinous"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, non-mucinous"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma, Clara cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8252/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma, non- mucinous"}]}}{"C7268":{"preferredName":"Minimally Invasive Lung Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C7268","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of minimally invasive lung adenocarcinoma characterized by tall columnar cells and mucin production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Minimally Invasive Lung Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Bronchoalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Minimally Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266035"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8253/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucinous_Bronchiolo-Alveolar_Lung_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma, goblet cell type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, mucinous"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchio-alveolar carcinoma, mucinous"}]}}{"C7270":{"preferredName":"Mixed Mucinous and Non-Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","code":"C7270","definitions":[{"description":"A rare morphologic variant of bronchiolo-alveolar lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of both mucin and non-mucin producing cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Indeterminate Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mucinous and Non-Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mucinous and Non-Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mucinous and Non-Mucinous Bronchoalveolar Lung Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266036"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8254/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Mucinous_and_Non-Mucinous_Bronchiolo-Alveolar_Lung_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma, indeterminate type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma, Clara cell and goblet cell type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma, type II pneumocyte and goblet cell type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma, mixed mucinous and non-mucinous"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma of lung, mixed mucinous and non-mucinous"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8254/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchio-alveolar carcinoma, mixed mucinous and non-mucinous"}]}}{"C65197":{"preferredName":"Lung Adenocarcinoma with Mixed Bronchioloalveolar and Invasive Components","code":"C65197","definitions":[{"description":"A lung adenocarcinoma consisting of a bronchioloalveolar component and an invasive adenocarcinomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung Adenocarcinoma with Mixed Bronchioloalveolar and Invasive Components","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung adenocar. w/ bronch. feat.","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Lung adenocarcinoma with bronchioloalveolar features","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266037"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8255/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_with_Mixed_Subtypes"}]}}{"C6880":{"preferredName":"Glandular Papilloma","code":"C6880","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glandular Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glandular papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205650"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glandular_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary adenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glandular papilloma"}]}}{"C2853":{"preferredName":"Papillary Adenocarcinoma","code":"C2853","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma with papillary growth pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A morphologic variant of adenocarcinoma. It is characterized by the presence of a papillary growth pattern. Representative examples include thyroid gland papillary carcinoma, invasive papillary breast carcinoma, and ovarian serous surface papillary adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOCARCINOMA, PAPILLARY, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001420"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8260/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary adenocarcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8260/3"}]}}{"C4035":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C4035","definitions":[{"description":"A differentiated adenocarcinoma arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. The diagnosis is based on the distinct characteristics of the malignant cells, which include enlargement, oval shape, elongation, and overlapping of the nuclei. The nuclei also display clearing or have a ground glass appearance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in follicular cells in the thyroid and grows in small finger-like shapes. It grows slowly, is more common in women than in men, and often occurs before age 45. It is the most common type of thyroid cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A differentiated adenocarcinoma arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. Radiation exposure is a risk factor and it is the most common malignant thyroid lesion, comprising 75% to 80% of all thyroid cancers in iodine sufficient countries. Diagnostic procedures include thyroid ultrasound and fine needle biopsy. Microscopically, the diagnosis is based on the distinct characteristics of the malignant cells, which include enlargement, oval shape, elongation, and overlapping of the nuclei. The nuclei also display clearing or have a ground glass appearance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Cancer of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Cancer of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Cancer of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Cancer of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary carcinoma of thyroid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Papillary thyroid carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"papillary thyroid cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0238463"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Thyroid_Carcinoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary carcinoma of thyroid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8260/3"}]}}{"C7399":{"preferredName":"Villous Adenoma","code":"C7399","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm that grows in the colon and other places in the gastrointestinal tract and sometimes in other parts of the body. These adenomas may become malignant (cancerous).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An adenoma arising from the glandular epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. It is characterized by the presence of a villous architectural pattern. Most often it occurs in the large intestine, small intestine, and the stomach. The neoplastic epithelial cells show dysplastic features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GI Tract Villous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract Villous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Villous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Villous adenoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"villous adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206674"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8261/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Villous_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Villous adenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8261/0"}]}}{"C8376":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in Villous Adenoma","code":"C8376","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive adenocarcinoma arising from a villous adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in Villous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in situ in villous adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334304"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8261/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_in_situ_in_Villous_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma in situ in villous adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8261/2"}]}}{"C4141":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma in Villous Adenoma","code":"C4141","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive or invasive adenocarcinoma arising from a villous adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in Villous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in villous adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334305"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8261/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_in_Villous_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma in villous adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8261/3"}]}}{"C4142":{"preferredName":"Villous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4142","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a villous architectural pattern. It may arise from a villous adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Villous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Villous adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334306"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8262/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Villous_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Villous adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8262/3"}]}}{"C4143":{"preferredName":"Tubulovillous Adenoma","code":"C4143","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm that grows in the colon and other places in the gastrointestinal tract and sometimes in other parts of the body. These adenomas may become malignant (cancerous).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An adenoma arising from the glandular epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. It is characterized by the presence of a tubular and a villous architectural pattern. Most often it occurs in the large intestine, small intestine, and the stomach. The neoplastic epithelial cells show dysplastic features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GI Tract Tubulovillous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Tract Tubulovillous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulovillous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulovillous adenoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"tubulovillous adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334307"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8263/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tubulovillous_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tubulovillous adenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tubulo-papillary adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Villoglandular adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8263/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillotubular adenoma"}]}}{"C4144":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in Tubulovillous Adenoma","code":"C4144","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive adenocarcinoma arising from a tubulovillous adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma In Situ in Tubulovillous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in situ in tubulovillous adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334308"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8263/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_in_situ_in_Tubulovillous_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma in situ in tubulovillous adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8263/2"}]}}{"C4145":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma in Tubulovillous Adenoma","code":"C4145","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive or invasive adenocarcinoma arising from a tubulovillous adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in Tubulovillous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma in tubolovillous adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334309"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8263/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_in_Tubulovillous_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma in tubolovillous adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma in tubulovillous adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8263/3"}]}}{"C65198":{"preferredName":"Glandular Papillomatosis","code":"C65198","definitions":[{"description":"Multifocal neoplastic proliferations of the glandular epithelium displaying a papillary pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glandular Papillomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266038"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8264/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glandular_Papillomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillomatosis, glandular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8264/0"}]}}{"C6881":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm","code":"C6881","definitions":[{"description":"An intraductal papillary neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Duct IPN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Papillomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary Papillomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary papillomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Intraductal papillary neoplasm, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879344"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8503/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bile_Duct_Papillomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Biliary papillomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary neoplasm, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8503/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8264/0"}]}}{"C128847":{"preferredName":"Lung Micropapillary Adenocarcinoma","code":"C128847","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive variant of lung adenocarcinoma that exhibits a micropapillary architectural pattern. The prognosis is usually poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung Micropapillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Lung Micropapillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Micropapillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Micropapillary adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Micropapillary carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL536215"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Micropapillary carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8265/3"}]}}{"C2857":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Chromophobe Adenoma","code":"C2857","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells do not stain with acidic or basic dyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromophobe Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Adenoma of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Adenoma of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Chromophobe Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Chromophobe Adenoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Chromophobe Adenoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001432"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8270/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pituitary_Gland_Chromophobe_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chromophobe adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8270/0"}]}}{"C4146":{"preferredName":"Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C4146","definitions":[{"description":"A type of carcinoma that comprises a minority of renal cell carcinomas. It is characterized by loss of chromosomes 1 and Y. Based on the cytoplasmic characteristics of the neoplastic cells, this type of carcinoma is classified as classic (typical) or eosinophilic. It has a much better prognosis than other renal cell carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromophobe Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Carcinoma of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Carcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Cell Carcinoma of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Chromophobe adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chromophobe carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chromophobe cell renal carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma, Chromophobe Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal cell carcinoma, chromophobe type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266042"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8317/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8270/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chromophobe_Renal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chromophobe cell renal carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chromophobe carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal cell carcinoma, chromophobe type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8317/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8270/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chromophobe adenocarcinoma"}]}}{"C3342":{"preferredName":"Lactotroph Adenoma","code":"C3342","definitions":[{"description":"A non-malignant prolactin-secreting pituitary tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An adenoma of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that produces prolactin. It is the most common type of pituitary gland adenomas and it is associated with hyperprolactinemia. Clinical manifestations include amenorrhea, galactorrhea, impotence, headache, and visual disturbances.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lactotrope Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lactotroph Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lactotroph Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PRL Producing Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Prolactinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Prolactinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Producing Adenoma of Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Producing Adenoma of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Producing Adenoma of the Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Producing Adenoma of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Producing Pituitary Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Producing Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Secreting Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Secreting Adenoma of Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Secreting Adenoma of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Secreting Adenoma of the Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Secreting Adenoma of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Secreting Pituitary Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin Secreting Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactin-Producing Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prolactin-Producing Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Prolactinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Prolactinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactinoma of Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactinoma of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactinoma of the Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolactinoma of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0033375"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8271/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Prolactin_Secreting_Pituitary_Gland_Adenoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Prolactinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prolactinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lactotroph adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8271/0"}]}}{"C3329":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Adenoma","code":"C3329","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A non-metastasizing tumor that arises from the adenohypophysial cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A non-metastasizing tumor that arises from the adenohypophysial cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The tumor can be hormonally functioning or not. The diagnosis can be based on imaging studies and/or radioimmunoassays. Due to its location in the sella turcica, expansion of the tumor mass can impinge on the optic chiasm or involve the temporal lobe, third ventricle and posterior fossa A frequently associated physical finding is bitemporal hemianopsia which may progress to further visual loss.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, ANTERIOR LOBE PITUITARY GLAND, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pituitary Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pituitary adenoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032000"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8272/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pituitary_Gland_Adenoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Pituitary Gland Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pituitary adenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8272/0"}]}}{"C4536":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Carcinoma","code":"C4536","definitions":[{"description":"A rare adenocarcinoma with poor prognosis, arising from the adenohypophysial cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland or pre-existing adenomas. The majority are hormonally functioning neoplasms, usually producing prolactin or ACTH. The diagnosis is based on the presence of metastases. Syndromes associated with pituitary gland carcinomas include hyperprolactinemia, Cushing disease, and acromegaly.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cancer of Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Pituitary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pituitary gland cancer, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346300"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8272/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pituitary_Gland_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pituitary carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8272/3"}]}}{"C6780":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Acidophil Adenoma","code":"C6780","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic dyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acidophil Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eosinophil Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Acidophil Adenoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Acidophil Adenoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001433"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8280/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acidophil_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acidophil adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eosinophil adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8280/0"}]}}{"C4147":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Acidophil Carcinoma","code":"C4147","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic dyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acidophil Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acidophil Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eosinophil Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eosinophil Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Acidophil Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334311"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8280/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acidophil_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eosinophil adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acidophil carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eosinophil carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8280/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acidophil adenocarcinoma"}]}}{"C4148":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Mixed Acidophil-Basophil Adenoma","code":"C4148","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic and basic dyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Acidophil-Basophil Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Eosinophil-Basophil Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed acidophil-basophil adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Mixed Acidophil-Basophil Adenoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334312"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8281/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Acidophil-Basophil_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed acidophil-basophil adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8281/0"}]}}{"C4149":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Mixed Acidophil-Basophil Carcinoma","code":"C4149","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic and basic dyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Acidophil-Basophil Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Acidophil-Basophil Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Eosinophil-Basophil Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed acidophil-basophil carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Mixed Acidophil-Basophil Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL448681"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8281/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Acidophil-Basophil_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed acidophil-basophil carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8281/3"}]}}{"C3759":{"preferredName":"Oncocytic Adenoma","code":"C3759","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. Representative examples include oncocytic adenomas of the thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, and pituitary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oncocytic Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oxyphilic Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxyphilic adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1510502"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8290/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oxyphilic_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oncocytic adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oxyphilic adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8290/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular adenoma, oxyphilic cell"}]}}{"C6042":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Hurthle Cell Adenoma","code":"C6042","definitions":[{"description":"A thyroid gland adenoma composed of large cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Oncocytoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Oncocytoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Oncocytoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Oncocytoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Thyroid Gland Oncocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Thyroid Oncocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of Thyroid Gland of Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of Thyroid of Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of the Thyroid Gland of the Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of the Thyroid of the Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Adenoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Adenoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Adenoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Adenoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle cell adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Adenoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Adenoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Adenoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Adenoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Follicular Adenoma of Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Follicular Adenoma of the Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Adenoma of Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Adenoma of the Oxyphilic Cell Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Hurthle Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Oncocytic Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Hurthle Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Oncocytic Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336750"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroid_Hurthle_Cell_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hurthle cell adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8290/0"}]}}{"C3679":{"preferredName":"Oncocytic Adenocarcinoma","code":"C3679","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of large epithelial cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm (oncocytes).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of large malignant epithelial cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm (oncocytes). Representative examples include thyroid gland oncocytic follicular carcinoma, oncocytic breast carcinoma, and salivary gland oncocytic carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hurthle cell carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"ONCOCYTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oncocytic carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oxyphilic Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oxyphilic adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205642"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8290/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oxyphilic_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oncocytic adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hurthle cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oxyphilic adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oncocytic carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular carcinoma, oxyphilic cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8290/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hurthle cell adenocarcinoma"}]}}{"C2856":{"preferredName":"Pituitary Gland Basophil Adenoma","code":"C2856","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with basic dyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basophilic Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basophilic Pituitary Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucoid Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Basophilic Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Basophil Adenoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituitary Gland Basophil Adenoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001431"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8300/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Basophilic_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basophil adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucoid cell adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8300/0"}]}}{"C4150":{"preferredName":"Basophilic Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4150","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with basic dyes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basophil adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Basophil carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Basophilic Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basophilic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucoid cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334314"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8300/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Basophilic_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basophil carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucoid cell adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8300/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Basophil adenocarcinoma"}]}}{"C4151":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Adenoma","code":"C4151","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm comprising glands containing epithelial clear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of glands containing epithelial clear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, CLEAR CELL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear cell adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334315"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8310/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8310/0"}]}}{"C3766":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","code":"C3766","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm comprising glandular epithelial clear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare type of tumor, usually of the female genital tract, in which the insides of the cells look clear when viewed under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of glandular epithelial clear cells. Various architectural patterns may be seen, including papillary, tubulocystic, and solid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOCARCINOMA, CLEAR CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear cell adenocarcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Clear cell adenocarcinoma, mesonephroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Clear cell carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mesonephroid Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesonephroid Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesonephroid Clear Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesonephroid Clear Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"clear cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"clear cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206681"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8310/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell adenocarcinoma, mesonephroid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8310/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell adenocarcinoma, NOS"}]}}{"C9385":{"preferredName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C9385","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from renal parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the renal parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The most common type of kidney cancer. It begins in the lining of the renal tubules in the kidney. The renal tubules filter the blood and produce urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the renal parenchyma. There is a strong correlation between cigarette smoking and the development of renal cell carcinoma. The clinical presentation includes : hematuria, flank pain and a palpable lumbar mass. A high percentage of renal cell carcinomas are diagnosed when an ultrasound is performed for other purposes. Radical nephrectomy is the standard intervention procedure. Renal cell carcinoma is generally considered to be resistant to radiation treatment and chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, RENAL CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Kidney Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Kidney Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RCC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma, Stage Unspecified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Cell Carcinoma, Stage Unspecified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Renal cell carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Renal cell carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Renal cell carcinoma, unclassified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"renal cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"renal cell cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"renal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007134"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8312/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8311/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Renal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Renal Cell Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal cell carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal cell carcinoma, unclassified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8312/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal cell adenocarcinoma"}]}}{"C8987":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Adenofibroma","code":"C8987","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or borderline neoplasm characterized by the presence of glandular structures which contain clear cells and a fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear cell adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL448546"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8313/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Adenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell adenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8313/0"}]}}{"C8988":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Cystadenofibroma","code":"C8988","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or borderline neoplasm characterized by the presence of cystic glandular and fibrous tissues and clear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Cystadenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear cell cystadenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1377853"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Cystadenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell cystadenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8313/0"}]}}{"C40080":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Clear Cell Tumor","code":"C40080","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm with low malignant potential affecting the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of clear or hobnail cells. In some cases, the cells may display nuclear atypia and prominent nucleoli. When such cells are present, they remain confined to the glands. There is no evidence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Clear Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Clear Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Clear Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear cell cystic tumor of borderline malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279676"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Ovarian_Clear_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell cystic tumor of borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8313/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8444/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell borderline tumor"}]}}{"C40079":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Clear Cell Adenocarcinofibroma","code":"C40079","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm in a fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear cell adenocarcinofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ovarian Clear Cell Adenocarcinofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Clear Cell Malignant Adenofibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2075522"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8313/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Clear_Cell_Adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8313/3"}]}}{"C4152":{"preferredName":"Lipid-Rich Carcinoma","code":"C4152","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm which contains neutral lipids. A representative example is the lipid-rich breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipid-Rich Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lipid-Rich Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid-rich carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334318"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8314/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lipid-Rich_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lipid-rich carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8314/3"}]}}{"C4153":{"preferredName":"Glycogen-Rich Carcinoma","code":"C4153","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with abundant clear cytoplasm which contains glycogen. A representative example is the glycogen-rich, clear cell breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glycogen-Rich Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Glycogen-Rich Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glycogen-rich carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334319"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8315/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glycogen-Rich_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glycogen-rich carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8315/3"}]}}{"C157718":{"preferredName":"Acquired Cystic Disease-Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C157718","definitions":[{"description":"The most common renal cell carcinoma that develops in patients with end-stage renal disease and acquired cystic disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acquired Cystic Disease-Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma (RCC)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cyst-associated renal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL558162"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma (RCC)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cyst-associated renal cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8316/3"}]}}{"C27893":{"preferredName":"Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27893","definitions":[{"description":"A high grade carcinoma of the kidney. It is not a distinct clinicopathological entity and includes a diverse group of renal cell carcinomas which have been transformed from a lower to a higher grade.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RCC w/ sarcomatoid features","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid features","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Renal cell carcinoma, sarcomatoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266043"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8318/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sarcomatoid_Renal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal cell carcinoma, sarcomatoid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal cell carcinoma, spindle cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8318/3"}]}}{"C6194":{"preferredName":"Collecting Duct Carcinoma","code":"C6194","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of kidney cancer that grows and spreads quickly. It begins in the duct of Bellini in the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Also known as collecting duct carcinoma, this is a rare type of renal carcinoma. It arises from the collecting ducts of the renal medulla, and most authors suggest that this is an aggressive tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BDC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Bellini Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bellini duct carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Bellini duct carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Collecting Ducts of Bellini","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Kidney Collecting Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Renal Collecting Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Collecting Ducts of Bellini","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Kidney Collecting Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Renal Collecting Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Collecting Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Collecting Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Collecting Duct Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Collecting duct carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Collecting duct renal cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Kidney Collecting Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Collecting Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal carcinoma, collecting duct type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266044"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8319/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Collecting_Duct_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Collecting duct carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal carcinoma, collecting duct type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8319/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bellini duct carcinoma"}]}}{"C3681":{"preferredName":"Granular Cell Carcinoma","code":"C3681","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with granular cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Granular Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Granular cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205644"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8320/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Granular_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granular cell adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granular cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8320/3"}]}}{"C4154":{"preferredName":"Parathyroid Gland Chief Cell Adenoma","code":"C4154","definitions":[{"description":"A parathyroid gland adenoma composed predominantly of neoplastic chief cells. These cells have either slightly eosinophilic or vacuolated cytoplasm, and round nuclei.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chief Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chief Cell Adenoma of Parathyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chief Cell Adenoma of Parathyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chief Cell Adenoma of the Parathyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chief Cell Adenoma of the Parathyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chief cell adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Parathyroid Chief Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parathyroid Gland Chief Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Parathyroid Gland Chief Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334320"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8321/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Parathyroid_Chief_Cell_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chief cell adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8321/0"}]}}{"C4155":{"preferredName":"Parathyroid Gland Water-Clear Cell Adenoma","code":"C4155","definitions":[{"description":"A rare parathyroid gland adenoma composed of neoplastic cells with abundant cytoplasm. The cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells is usually not entirely clear, and is often variably vacuolated, foamy, and granular.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Parathyroid Gland Water-Clear Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Water-Clear Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Water-clear cell adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334321"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8322/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Water-Clear_Cell_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Water-clear cell adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8322/0"}]}}{"C4156":{"preferredName":"Water-Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4156","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with clear, often vacuolated or foamy cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Water-Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Water-clear cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Water-clear cell carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334322"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8322/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Water-Clear_Cell_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Water-clear cell adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Water-clear cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8322/3"}]}}{"C4157":{"preferredName":"Mixed Cell Adenoma","code":"C4157","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma characterized by the presence of a mixed epithelial cell population.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed cell adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334323"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8323/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Cell_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed cell adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8323/0"}]}}{"C4158":{"preferredName":"Mixed Cell Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4158","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a mixed malignant glandular cell population.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334324"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8323/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Cell_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8323/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed cell adenocarcinoma"}]}}{"C4159":{"preferredName":"Lipoadenoma","code":"C4159","definitions":[{"description":"Benign mixed neoplasm comprised of epithelial/glandular and lipomatous structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An adenoma in which the neoplastic epithelial cells are admixed with adipose tissue cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOLIPOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenolipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lipoadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lipoadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334325"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8324/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lipoadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8324/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenolipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lipoadenoma"}]}}{"C3502":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Adenoma","code":"C3502","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from follicular cells of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A non-malignant neoplasm of the thyroid gland arising from epithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A benign, encapsulated tumor, arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. It may be associated with thyroid hormone secretion but it does not have malignant characteristics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, FOLLICULAR CELL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Thyroid Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0151468"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8330/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroid_Adenoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Thyroid Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular adenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8330/0"}]}}{"C27729":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Well-Differentiated Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential","code":"C27729","definitions":[{"description":"An encapsulated or well-circumscribed tumor composed of well-differentiated follicular cells with well-developed or partially developed nuclear features of papillary thyroid carcinoma and with questionable capsular or vascular invasion. That is this is a tumor indeterminate between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma. Tumors in which vascular invasion has been excluded by all means are called non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical follicular adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Atypical Follicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Well-Differentiated Neoplasm of Uncertain Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Well-Differentiated Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WDT-UMP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266046"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8330/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Follicular_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical follicular adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Well differentiated tumor of uncertain malignant potential"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8330/1"}]}}{"C8054":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma","code":"C8054","definitions":[{"description":"A differentiated adenocarcinoma arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. The nuclear features which characterize the thyroid gland papillary carcinoma are absent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasia arising from follicular cells of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in follicular cells in the thyroid. It grows slowly and is highly treatable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A differentiated adenocarcinoma arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. The nuclear features which characterize the thyroid gland papillary carcinoma are absent. Radiation exposure is a risk factor and it comprises approximately 10% to 15% of thyroid cancers. Clinically, it usually presents as a solitary mass in the thyroid gland. It is generally unifocal and thickly encapsulated and shows invasion of the capsule or the vessels. Diagnostic procedures include thyroid ultrasound and fine needle biopsy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, FOLLICULAR CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Cancer of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular adenocarcinoma, well differentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Follicular carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Follicular carcinoma, well differentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Follicular thyroid carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well-Differentiated Follicular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well-Differentiated Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well-differentiated Follicular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Well-differentiated Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"follicular thyroid cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206682"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8331/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8330/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Follicular_Thyroid_Carcinoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular adenocarcinoma, well differentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular carcinoma, well differentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8331/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8330/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular adenocarcinoma, NOS"}]}}{"C46095":{"preferredName":"Solid/Trabecular Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C46095","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland that predominantly affects children. It is characterized by the presence of a solid growth pattern. The malignant cells have nuclear features that are characteristic of papillary carcinomas of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular adenocarcinoma, trabecular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Solid/Trabecular Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1711340"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Solid_Variant_Thyroid_Gland_Papillary_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular adenocarcinoma, trabecular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8332/3"}]}}{"C4160":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Microfollicular Adenoma","code":"C4160","definitions":[{"description":"A thyroid gland adenoma composed of microfollicular structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fetal 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tubules that resemble fetal lung tubules.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fetal Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fetal Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Fetal adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Fetal adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lung Fetal Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma of Fetal Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Endodermal Tumor Resembling Fetal Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well-Differentiated Fetal Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708045"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8333/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fetal_Lung_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fetal adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8333/3"}]}}{"C4161":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Macrofollicular Adenoma","code":"C4161","definitions":[{"description":"A thyroid gland adenoma composed of large size follicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Colloid Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colloid adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Macrofollicular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Macrofollicular adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Macrofollicular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Macrofollicular Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334329"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8334/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Macrofollicular_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Colloid adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Macrofollicular adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8334/0"}]}}{"C65200":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma, Minimally Invasive","code":"C65200","definitions":[{"description":"A follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland which shows capsular invasion only.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FTC, Minimally Invasive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular carcinoma, minimally invasive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma, Minimally Invasive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883338"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8335/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroid_Gland_Follicular_Carcinoma_Minimally_Invasive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular carcinoma, minimally invasive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8335/3"}]}}{"C6846":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor","code":"C6846","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, circumscribed or encapsulated tumor arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. It is characterized by a trabecular growth pattern and hyalinized stroma formation. The vast majority of cases have a benign clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyalinizing Trabecular Adenoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hyalinizing Trabecular Adenoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLAT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma-like Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Hyalinizing Trabecular Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266049"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8336/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroid_Hyalinizing_Trabecular_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hyalinizing trabecular adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hyalinizing trabecular tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8336/0"}]}}{"C6040":{"preferredName":"Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","code":"C6040","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma arising from the thyroid gland showing only limited evidence of follicular cell differentiation. Microscopically, the adenocarcinoma cells are arranged in insular, solid, and trabecular patterns. There is associated necrosis, and vascular invasion. The prognosis depends on the tumor stage, complete or partial surgical removal of the tumor, and the degree of response to radioactive iodine therapy. (adapted from WHO Tumors of Endocrine Organs, IARC Press, Lyon 2004)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Insular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Insular carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"PDTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Gland Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266050"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8337/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Poorly_Differentiated_Thyroid_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Insular carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8337/3"}]}}{"C126594":{"preferredName":"Follicular Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C126594","definitions":[{"description":"An encapsulated or nonencapsulated variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland characterized by the predominance of follicular structures. The malignant follicular cells display the nuclear features that characterize the papillary adenocarcinomas of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FVPTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, Follicular Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Papillary carcinoma, follicular variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346398"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary carcinoma, follicular variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8340/3"}]}}{"C7380":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary and Follicular Carcinoma","code":"C7380","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary and Follicular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary and Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary and Follicular Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206683"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_and_Follicular_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary and follicular adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary and follicular carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8340/3"}]}}{"C46004":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary Microcarcinoma","code":"C46004","definitions":[{"description":"A papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland measuring 10mm or less in diameter. The survival rates of patients with this type of carcinoma are the same with those of the normal population.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Microcarcinoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Microcarcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Gland Microcarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary microcarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Papillary Microcarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709457"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8341/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Thyroid_Gland_Microcarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary microcarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8341/3"}]}}{"C46093":{"preferredName":"Oncocytic Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C46093","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland characterized by the presence of papillary or follicular structures, containing malignant follicular cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm. These cells have the nuclear features that characterize the papillary carcinomas of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oncocytic Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Oxyphilic Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary carcinoma, oxyphilic cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709312"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8342/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oncocytic_Variant_Thyroid_Gland_Papillary_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary carcinoma, oncocytic variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary carcinoma, oxyphilic cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8342/3"}]}}{"C156034":{"preferredName":"Encapsulated Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C156034","definitions":[{"description":"A typical papillary thyroid gland carcinoma that is totally surrounded by a fibrous capsule, which may be intact or only focally infiltrated by tumor growth. It accounts for about 10% of all cases of papillary thyroid gland carcinoma and has an excellent prognosis. Regional nodal metastases may be present, but bloodborne metastases are rare. The survival rate is nearly 100%. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Encapsulated Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562888"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary carcinoma, encapsulated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary carcinoma, encapsulated, of thyroid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8343/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Encapsulated papillary carcinoma"}]}}{"C35830":{"preferredName":"Columnar Cell Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C35830","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland characterized by the presence of pseudostratified malignant follicular cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Columnar Cell Variant Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Columnar Cell Variant Papillary Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Columnar Cell Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, Columnar Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266054"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8344/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Columnar_Cell_Variant_Papillary_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary carcinoma, columnar cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8344/3"}]}}{"C35558":{"preferredName":"Tall Cell Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C35558","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland characterized by the presence of tall malignant follicular cells, arranged in papillary and trabecular patterns. Necrotic changes and high mitotic activity are present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tall Cell Variant Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tall Cell Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tall Cell Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336695"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tall_Cell_Variant_Papillary_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary carcinoma, tall cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8344/3"}]}}{"C4193":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","code":"C4193","definitions":[{"description":"A medullary thyroid gland carcinoma characterized by the presence of amyloid stroma. The majority of medullary carcinomas of the thyroid gland are associated with amyloid deposits. The latter are highlighted with Congo red staining method.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C Cell Adenocarcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C Cell Carcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Adenocarcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Gland Carcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary carcinoma with amyloid stroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Parafollicular Cell Adenocarcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parafollicular Cell Carcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma with Amyloid Stroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334379"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8345/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Medullary_Carcinoma_with_Amyloid_Stroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medullary carcinoma with amyloid stroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8345/3"}]}}{"C3879":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma","code":"C3879","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroendocrine malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from C-cells of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cancer that develops in C cells of the thyroid. The C cells make a hormone (calcitonin) that helps maintain a healthy level of calcium in the blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Carcinoma arising from the C-cells of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A neuroendocrine carcinoma arising from the C-cells of the thyroid gland. It is closely associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes. Approximately 10% to 20% of medullary thyroid carcinomas are familial. Patients usually present with a thyroid nodule that is painless and firm. In the majority of cases nodal involvement is present at diagnosis. Surgery is the preferred treatment for both primary lesions and recurrences. This carcinoma is generally not very sensitive to radiation and almost unresponsive to chemotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"C Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"C cell carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"C-Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, C-CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MTC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medullary Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary thyroid carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Parafollicular Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Parafollicular Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parafollicular cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Medullary Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"medullary thyroid cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0238462"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Medullary_Thyroid_Carcinoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medullary thyroid carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Parafollicular cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8345/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"C cell carcinoma"}]}}{"C46104":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Mixed Medullary and Follicular Cell Carcinoma","code":"C46104","definitions":[{"description":"A primary carcinoma of the thyroid gland containing a medullary carcinoma component that is immunohistochemically positive for calcitonin, and follicular cell carcinoma structures that are immunohistochemically positive for thyroglobulin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MMFTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed medullary-follicular carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mixed medullary-papillary carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Mixed Medullary and Follicular Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Mixed Medullary and Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1710414"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8347/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8346/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroid_Gland_Mixed_Medullary_and_Follicular_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed medullary-follicular carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed medullary-papillary carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8346/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8347/3"}]}}{"C7427":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Sclerosing Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C7427","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland that more often affects young patients and commonly metastasizing to the lungs. It is characterized by a diffuse infiltration of the thyroid gland by malignant follicular cells, squamous metaplasia, stromal fibrosis, and lymphocytic infiltration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Sclerosing Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Sclerosing Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonencapsulated Sclerosing Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonencapsulated Sclerosing Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonencapsulated Sclerosing Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonencapsulated Sclerosing Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonencapsulated Sclerosing Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonencapsulated sclerosing adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nonencapsulated sclerosing carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nonencapsulated sclerosing tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Diffuse Sclerosing Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL017960"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8350/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nonencapsulated_Sclerosing_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nonencapsulated sclerosing tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nonencapsulated sclerosing carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary carcinoma, diffuse sclerosing"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8350/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nonencapsulated sclerosing adenocarcinoma"}]}}{"C6432":{"preferredName":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia","code":"C6432","definitions":[{"description":"A genetically heterogenous group of autosomal dominant neoplastic syndromes characterized by the development of neoplasms in various endocrine organs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An inherited condition that may result in the development of cancers of the endocrine system. There are several types of multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome, and patients with each type may develop different types of cancer. The altered genes that cause each type can be detected with a blood test.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant inherited neoplastic syndrome characterized by the development of various endocrine neoplasms and abnormalities in various anatomic sites. There are four types recognized: type 1 (MEN 1), caused by inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene MEN-1, type 2A (MEN 2A), caused by mutation of the RET gene, type 2B (MEN 2B) also caused by mutation of the RET gene, and type 4 (MEN 4) caused by mutation of the CDKN1B gene. Patients with MEN 1 may develop hyperparathyroidism and parathyroid gland adenomas, pituitary gland adenomas, pancreatic islet cell neoplasms, and carcinoid tumors. Patients with MEN 2A develop medullary thyroid carcinomas and may also develop pheochromocytomas and parathyroid gland hyperplasia. Patients with MEN 2B develop medullary thyroid carcinomas and numerous neural defects including neuromas. Patients with MEN 4 develop endocrine neoplasms, particularly in the parathyroid glands, pituitary, and pancreas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endocrine adenomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"MEN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MEN Syndromes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"MEN syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Multiple Endocrine Adenomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome(s)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Multiple endocrine adenomas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"multiple endocrine adenomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1955745"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8360/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Multiple_Endocrine_Neoplasia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome(s)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endocrine adenomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Multiple endocrine adenomas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8360/1"}]}}{"C4162":{"preferredName":"Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumor","code":"C4162","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, well circumscribed neoplasm arising from the cortex of the kidney. It secrets renin and the patients usually present with severe hypertension and marked hypokalemia. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of sheets of polygonal or spindle-shaped neoplastic cells forming a hemangiopericytic pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juxtaglomerular Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juxtaglomerular Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juxtaglomerular tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Reninoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Reninoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334331"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8361/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Juxtaglomerular_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juxtaglomerular tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reninoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8361/0"}]}}{"C9003":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","code":"C9003","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from any of the adrenal cortical layers.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm that can arise from any of the adrenal cortical layers. It can be associated with the overproduction of glucocorticoids (Cushing's syndrome), androgenic or estrogenic steroids (adrenogenital syndrome), or mineralocorticoids (Conn's syndrome). (Sternberg Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, 3rd ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, ADRENOCORTICAL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Adenoma of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Adenoma of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Adenoma of the Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Adenoma of the Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Adrenal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Adrenal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Adrenal Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Adrenal Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortical Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206667"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8370/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adrenal_Cortex_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal cortical adenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8370/0"}]}}{"C2858":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex Neoplasm","code":"C2858","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant (primary or metastatic) neoplasm affecting the adrenal cortex.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001618"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adrenal_Cortex_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal cortical tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8370/0"}]}}{"C9004":{"preferredName":"Benign Adrenal Cortex Neoplasm","code":"C9004","definitions":[{"description":"A non-metastasizing neoplasm arising from the adrenal cortex.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal cortical tumor, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Benign Adrenal Cortex Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Adrenal Cortex Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1368669"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Adrenal_Cortex_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal cortical tumor, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8370/0"}]}}{"C9325":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma","code":"C9325","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from adrenal cortical cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare cancer that forms in the outer layer of tissue of the adrenal gland (a small organ on top of each kidney that makes steroid hormones, adrenaline, and noradrenaline to control heart rate, blood pressure, and other body functions).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare, usually large (greater than 5cm), malignant epithelial tumor arising from the adrenal cortical cells. Symptoms are usually related to the excessive production of hormones, and include Cushing's syndrome and virilism in women. Common sites of metastasis include liver, lung, bone, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Advanced radiologic procedures have enabled the detection of small tumors, resulting in the improvement of the 5-year survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma, Adrenocortical, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal cortical adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adrenal cortical carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Adrenocortical carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, ADRENOCORTICAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortical Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"adrenocortical cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"adrenocortical carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"cancer of the adrenal cortex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206686"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8370/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adrenal_Cortex_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal cortical adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal cortical carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8370/3"}]}}{"C9327":{"preferredName":"Malignant Adrenal Cortex Neoplasm","code":"C9327","definitions":[{"description":"A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the adrenal cortex.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal cortical tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Cortex Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Cortex Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Cortex Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenocortical Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenocortical Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346402"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Adrenal_Cortex_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal cortical tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of cortex of left adrenal gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8370/3"}]}}{"C4163":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex Compact Cell Adenoma","code":"C4163","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma of the adrenal cortex composed of neoplastic compact cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Compact Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal cortical adenoma, compact cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Compact Cell Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compact Cell Adrenal Cortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compact Cell Adrenocortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334332"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8371/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Compact_Cell_Adrenal_Cortical_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal cortical adenoma, compact cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8371/0"}]}}{"C4164":{"preferredName":"Pigmented Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","code":"C4164","definitions":[{"description":"A usually functioning adenoma of the adrenal cortex. Grossly, it has a dark brown appearance and is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells containing abundant intracytoplasmic lipofuscin. It may be associated with Cushing syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal cortical adenoma, pigmented","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Black Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Black adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Heavily Pigmented Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heavily Pigmented Adrenal Cortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heavily Pigmented Adrenocortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334333"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8372/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept 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Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334334"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8373/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Adrenal_Cortical_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal cortical adenoma, clear cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8373/0"}]}}{"C4166":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex Glomerulosa Cell Adenoma","code":"C4166","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma of the adrenal cortex composed of neoplastic cells with cytologic features of glomerulosa cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Glomerulosa Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal cortical adenoma, glomerulosa cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Glomerulosa Cell Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glomerulosa Cell Adrenal Cortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glomerulosa Cell Adrenocortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334335"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8374/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glomerulosa_Cell_Adrenal_Cortical_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal cortical adenoma, glomerulosa cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8374/0"}]}}{"C4167":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex Mixed Cell Adenoma","code":"C4167","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma of the adrenal cortex composed of a mixed neoplastic cellular population, including varying numbers of neoplastic clear and compact cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex Mixed Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal cortical adenoma, mixed cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mixed Cell Adrenal Cortex Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cell Adrenal Cortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cell Adrenocortical Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334336"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8375/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Cell_Adrenal_Cortical_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal cortical adenoma, mixed cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8375/0"}]}}{"C27287":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Adenofibroma","code":"C27287","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of glandular structures with endometrial-type well-differentiated cells in a fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endometrioid adenoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2212024"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8381/0"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8380/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Endometrioid_Adenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid adenofibroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid adenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8380/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8381/0"}]}}{"C7983":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor/Atypical Proliferative Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor","code":"C7983","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm that arises from the ovary characterized by the presence of glandular or cystic spaces which contain atypical glandular epithelial cells resembling endometrial cells. The surrounding ovarian stroma is often fibrotic. There is no evidence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Endometrioid Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Endometrioid Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Endometrioid Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Endometrioid Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Endometrioid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor/Atypical Proliferative Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor/Atypical Proliferative Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBT/APET","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Neoplasm with Proliferating Activity, Ovarian","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Tumor of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Tumor with Proliferating Activity, Ovarian","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid tumor of low malignant potential","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Endometrioid Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Endometrioid Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Endometrioid Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Endometrioid Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Ovarian Endometrioid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Borderline Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Borderline Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Neoplasm with Proliferating Activity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor with Proliferating Activity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Endometrioid Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Endometrioid Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Endometrioid Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Endometrioid Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Ovarian Endometrioid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Ovarian Endometrioid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334338"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8380/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8381/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Ovarian_Endometrioid_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid cystadenoma, borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid adenoma, borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid tumor of low malignant potential"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8380/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical proliferative endometrioid tumor"}]}}{"C3769":{"preferredName":"Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma","code":"C3769","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells resembling endometrial cells. It can arise from the uterine body, ovary, fallopian tube, cervix, vagina, and uterine ligament.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Carcinoma of Female Reproductive System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Carcinoma of the Female Reproductive System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid adenocarcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Endometrioid carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Endometrioid carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Female Reproductive Endometrioid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206687"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8380/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Endometrioid_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8380/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid adenocarcinoma, NOS"}]}}{"C27288":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Cystadenofibroma","code":"C27288","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by endometrial-type well-differentiated cells in a fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Cystadenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1335158"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Endometrioid_Cystadenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid cystadenofibroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8381/0"}]}}{"C40060":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Adenocarcinofibroma","code":"C40060","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells resembling endometrial cells in a fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endometrioid adenofibroma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Adenocarcinofibroma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Endometrioid Malignant Adenofibroma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518711"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8381/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Endometrioid_Adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid adenofibroma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8381/3"}]}}{"C27839":{"preferredName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Secretory Variant","code":"C27839","definitions":[{"description":"An endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from the endometrium. Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells containing glycogen vacuoles which are usually subnuclear and reminiscent of early secretory endometrium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Secretory Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid adenocarcinoma, secretory variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Secretory Uterine Corpus Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266057"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8382/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Uterine_Corpus_Endometrioid_Adenocarcinoma_Secretory_Variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid adenocarcinoma, secretory variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8382/3"}]}}{"C27848":{"preferredName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Ciliated Variant","code":"C27848","definitions":[{"description":"An endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from the endometrium, in which ciliated cells line the majority of the malignant glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ciliated Uterine Corpus Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Ciliated Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrioid adenocarcinoma, ciliated cell variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266058"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8383/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Uterine_Corpus_Endometrioid_Adenocarcinoma_Ciliated_Variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid adenocarcinoma, ciliated cell variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8383/3"}]}}{"C66951":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma, Endocervical Type","code":"C66951","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelium resembling the endocervical epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma, Endocervical Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma, endocervical type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266059"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8384/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_Endocervical_Type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma, endocervical type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma, endocervical type, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8384/3"}]}}{"C7580":{"preferredName":"Skin Appendage Adenoma","code":"C7580","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sebaceous or sweat glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sebaceous or sweat glands. Representative examples include sebaceous adenoma, tubular apocrine adenoma, and hidradenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, ADNEXAL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Adnexa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Adnexa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Skin Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Skin Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adnexal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adnexal Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Appendage Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin appendage adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334342"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8390/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Skin_Appendage_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adnexal tumor, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin appendage adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8390/0"}]}}{"C4615":{"preferredName":"Benign Skin Appendage Neoplasm","code":"C4615","definitions":[{"description":"A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the hair follicles, sebaceous glands, or sweat glands. Representative examples include cylindroma, hidrocystoma, hidradenoma, and sebaceoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Cutaneous Adnexal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Epidermal Appendage Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Epidermal Appendage Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Epidermal Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Epidermal Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Skin Appendage Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Epidermal Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Epidermal Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin appendage tumor, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0347391"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Skin_Appendage_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin appendage tumor, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8400/3"}]}}{"C3775":{"preferredName":"Adnexal Carcinoma","code":"C3775","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from sebaceous or sweat glands or from hair follicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the sebaceous glands, sweat glands, or the hair follicles. Representative examples include sebaceous carcinoma, apocrine carcinoma, eccrine carcinoma, and pilomatrical carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adnexal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adnexal carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, ADNEXAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Adnexa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Adnexa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Skin Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Skin Appendage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Appendage Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skin Appendage Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin appendage carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206697"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8390/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adnexal_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adnexal carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin appendage carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8390/3"}]}}{"C43331":{"preferredName":"Fibrofolliculoma","code":"C43331","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, pilar-associated mesenchyme neoplasm with follicular differentiation. It usually occurs in the face, neck, and chest. It presents as a dome-shaped papular lesion. It is composed of epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Patients with Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome may develop follicular fibromas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibrofolliculoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibrofolliculoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346011"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8391/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibrofolliculoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8391/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibrofolliculoma"}]}}{"C4470":{"preferredName":"Perifollicular Fibroma","code":"C4470","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts surrounding the hair follicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Perifollicular Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perifollicular fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Trichoblastic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704236"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Perifollicular_Fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Perifollicular fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8391/0"}]}}{"C43333":{"preferredName":"Spindle-Cell Predominant Trichodiscoma","code":"C43333","definitions":[{"description":"A benign tumor usually arising in the face, trunk or thighs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neurofollicular Hamartoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle-Cell Predominant Trichodiscoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trichodiscoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Trichodiscoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704237"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trichodiscoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trichodiscoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8391/0"}]}}{"C43356":{"preferredName":"Syringofibroadenoma","code":"C43356","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, benign eccrine neoplasm usually arising on acral areas as a solitary papular or nodular lesion. Multiple lesions are referred as syringofibroadenomatosis. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial cuboidal cells forming anastomosing cords in a fibrovascular stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acrosyringeal Adenomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acrosyringeal Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine Poromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine Syringofibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine Syringofibroadenoma of Mascaro","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Linear Eccrine Poroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nevus Syringoadenomatosus Papilliferum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syringofibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Syringofibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266060"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8392/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eccrine_Syringofibroadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8392/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Syringofibroadenoma"}]}}{"C7560":{"preferredName":"Sweat Gland Adenoma","code":"C7560","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelias neoplasm arising from sweat glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. Representative examples include tubular apocrine adenoma, syringofibroadenoma, and hidradenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, SWEAT GLAND, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat gland adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019522"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8400/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sweat_Gland_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sweat gland adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8400/0"}]}}{"C7563":{"preferredName":"Hidradenoma","code":"C7563","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. Variants include the clear cell and nodular hidradenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acrospiroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine Acrospiroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine acrospiroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hidradenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hidradenoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206671"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hidradenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eccrine acrospiroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hidradenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8400/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8402/0"}]}}{"C4879":{"preferredName":"Benign Sweat Gland Neoplasm","code":"C4879","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm involving the sweat gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Sweat Gland Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Sweat Gland Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat Gland Neoplasm, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat gland tumor, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0684354"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Sweat_Gland_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sweat gland tumor, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8400/0"}]}}{"C3398":{"preferredName":"Sweat Gland Neoplasm","code":"C3398","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from the sweat glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat Gland Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat Gland Neoplasms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat Gland Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat gland tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tumor of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038987"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8400/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sweat_Gland_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sweat gland tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8400/1"}]}}{"C6938":{"preferredName":"Sweat Gland Carcinoma","code":"C6938","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from sweat glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A carcinoma arising from the sweat glands. Representative examples include tubular carcinoma, spiradenocarcinoma, eccrine carcinoma, hidradenocarcinoma, and apocrine carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, SWEAT GLAND, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat gland carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1412016"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8400/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sweat_Gland_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sweat gland adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sweat gland carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8400/3"}]}}{"C4810":{"preferredName":"Malignant Sweat Gland Neoplasm","code":"C4810","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm that affects the sweat glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Sweat Gland Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Sweat Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat Gland Neoplasms, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sweat gland tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1321904"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Sweat_Gland_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sweat gland tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8400/3"}]}}{"C4168":{"preferredName":"Apocrine Adenoma","code":"C4168","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the apocrine sweat glands. Representative examples include tubular apocrine adenoma and external auditory canal ceruminous adenoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apocrine Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apocrine adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334345"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8401/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Apocrine_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Apocrine adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8401/0"}]}}{"C43342":{"preferredName":"Apocrine Hidrocystoma","code":"C43342","definitions":[{"description":"A slow-growing, usually solitary, dome-shaped benign sweat gland adenoma, most frequently located on the eyelid. It is characterized by a cystic proliferation of apocrine glands. Surgical excision is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apocrine Hidrocystoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apocrine Hydrocystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704335"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Apocrine_Hydrocystoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Apocrine cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8401/0"}]}}{"C4169":{"preferredName":"Apocrine Carcinoma","code":"C4169","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma with apocrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands. It presents as single or multiple nodular lesions which may be ulcerated or hemorrhagic and is usually in the axilla and less often in the anogenital region. It grows in the dermis and infiltrates subcutaneous tissues. It is characterized by the presence of large cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and large often vesicular nuclei. Most cases are slow growing tumors and have a prolonged course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apocrine Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apocrine adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Apocrine Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706827"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8401/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Apocrine_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Apocrine adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8401/3"}]}}{"C7568":{"preferredName":"Nodular Hidradenoma","code":"C7568","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It presents as a nodular lesion usually in the scalp, trunk, and proximal extremities. It is characterized by a nodular growth pattern. Complete excision is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nodular Hidradenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular hidradenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Solid and Cystic Hidradenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1370700"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8402/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nodular_Hidradenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular hidradenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8402/0"}]}}{"C7567":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Hidradenoma","code":"C7567","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon benign neoplasm of the sweat glands characterized by the presence of clear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Hidradenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear cell hidradenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1370701"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Hidradenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell hidradenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8402/0"}]}}{"C54664":{"preferredName":"Hidradenocarcinoma","code":"C54664","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma with apocrine and less often eccrine differentiation, arising from the sweat glands. It usually presents as a solitary slow growing nodule in the dermis or subcutaneous tissues. It is characterized by a nodular growth pattern and it is often associated with necrotic changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Eccrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hidradenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hidradenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL480948"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8402/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Eccrine_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8402/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular hidradenoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hidradenocarcinoma"}]}}{"C4170":{"preferredName":"Spiradenoma","code":"C4170","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm with eccrine or apocrine differentiation, arising from the sweat glands. It usually presents as a solitary, well circumscribed, firm nodule in the face and upper trunk. It is characterized by the presence of basaloid cells forming nodules in the dermis. Cases of carcinoma arising from long standing spiradenomas have been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Eccrine Spiradenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine Spiradenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine spiradenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Spiradenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spiradenoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334347"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8403/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eccrine_Spiradenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eccrine spiradenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spiradenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8403/0"}]}}{"C5117":{"preferredName":"Spiradenocarcinoma","code":"C5117","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare, aggressive carcinoma of the sweat glands arising from malignant transformation of a long standing spiradenoma. It usually grows in the upper extremities, lower extremities, trunk, and head and neck. It has the tendency to recur and metastasize most often to the lymph nodes, bones, and lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma ex Eccrine Spiradenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Eccrine Spiradenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Spiradenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant eccrine spiradenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Spiradenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266063"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8403/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Eccrine_Spiradenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant eccrine spiradenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8403/3"}]}}{"C3760":{"preferredName":"Hidrocystoma","code":"C3760","definitions":[{"description":"A benign cystic proliferation of the sweat glands with apocrine or eccrine differentiation. It usually presents as a dome-shaped, cystic papular or nodular lesion usually in the face and neck. It is a unilocular or mutlilocular lesion lined by an inner and an outer layer of epithelium. Complete excision is usually curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hidrocystoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hidrocystoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydrocystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206672"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8404/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hidrocystoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8404/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hidrocystoma"}]}}{"C7565":{"preferredName":"Eccrine Hidrocystoma","code":"C7565","definitions":[{"description":"A benign sweat gland cystic lesion that arises from the dermis. It is lined by a thin epithelial layer of cells with a slightly eosinophilic cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eccrine Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine Hidrocystoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704334"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eccrine_Cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eccrine cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8404/0"}]}}{"C4171":{"preferredName":"Hidradenoma Papilliferum","code":"C4171","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It presents as a slow growing cystic nodular lesion most often in the skin of the vulva and the perianal region. It is characterized by the presence of cystic and large papillary structures. The papillary structures contain connective tissue and are covered by two layers of epithelium. Complete excision is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hidradenoma Papilliferum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hidradenoma papilliferum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Papillary Hidradenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary hidradenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334348"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8405/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Hidradenoma_Hidradenoma_Papilliferum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hidradenoma papilliferum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary hidradenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8405/0"}]}}{"C4172":{"preferredName":"Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum","code":"C4172","definitions":[{"description":"A benign adnexal neoplasm occurring during childhood or adolescence. It usually presents as a papular lesion or a plaque on the head and neck. It may arise in an organoid nevus such as sebaceous. It is characterized by an endophytic invagination of the epithelium into the dermis. There are dermal cystic spaces present, containing villous projections. Complete excision is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Syringadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Syringocystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary syringadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Papillary syringocystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Syringadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syringocystadenoma papilliferum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0406803"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8406/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Syringadenoma_Syringocystadenoma_Papilliferum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary syringocystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Syringocystadenoma papilliferum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8406/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary syringadenoma"}]}}{"C3761":{"preferredName":"Syringoma","code":"C3761","definitions":[{"description":"A benign sweat gland neoplasm usually affecting the lower eyelids and upper cheeks. The lesions are papular and are usually numerous. Morphologically, there are nests, cords, and tubules of epithelial cells present, surrounded by a dense stroma in the reticular dermis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eccrine Syringoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syringoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syringoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206673"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8407/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Syringoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Syringoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8407/0"}]}}{"C7581":{"preferredName":"Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma","code":"C7581","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade adenocarcinoma with ductal differentiation, arising from the sweat glands. It presents as a scar usually in the face. It is characterized by the formation of small ducts and it frequently involves nerves and perineural spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eccrine Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microcystic adnexal carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Syringomatous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Syringomatous carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346027"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8407/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Microcystic_Adnexal_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sclerosing sweat duct carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Syringomatous carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8407/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Microcystic adnexal carcinoma"}]}}{"C4173":{"preferredName":"Papillary Eccrine Adenoma","code":"C4173","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It is characterized by the presence of eccrine ducts in the dermis containing intraluminal papillary projections.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eccrine Papillary Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Eccrine Adenoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334350"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8408/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Eccrine_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eccrine papillary adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8408/0"}]}}{"C162848":{"preferredName":"Digital Papillary Adenoma","code":"C162848","definitions":[{"description":"An eccrine sweat gland adenoma with aggressive local growth. Most cases present as nodular lesions on the digits. It is characterized by the presence of tubular and ductal structures with areas of papillary projections into cystic lumina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aggressive Digital Papillary Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aggressive digital papillary adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Digital Papillary Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266064"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aggressive digital papillary adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8408/1"}]}}{"C27534":{"preferredName":"Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma","code":"C27534","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma arising from the sweat glands. Most cases present as nodular lesions on the digits, usually in the hands. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial cells in the dermis forming nodules. Cystic structures containing papillary projections are also present. It may recur and metastasize, most commonly to the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aggressive Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Digital Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Digital Papillary Eccrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Digital papillary adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Papillary Digital Eccrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL053818"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8408/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8408/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aggressive_Digital_Papillary_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eccrine papillary adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Digital papillary adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8408/3"}]}}{"C27273":{"preferredName":"Poroma","code":"C27273","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, well circumscribed sweat gland neoplasm with eccrine or apocrine differentiation. It usually presents as a solitary, dome-shaped papule, nodule, or plaque on acral sites. It is characterized by a proliferation of uniform basaloid cells in the dermis and it is associated with the presence of focal ductal and cystic structures. Complete excision is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eccrine Poroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine poroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Poroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1533161"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8409/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Poroma_Acrospiroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eccrine poroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Poroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8409/0"}]}}{"C5560":{"preferredName":"Porocarcinoma","code":"C5560","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma with eccrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands. It may arise de novo or as a malignant transformation of a pre-existing poroma. It usually grows in the legs, buttocks, feet, and trunk and usually presents as an ulcerative plaque. It is characterized by the presence of intraepidermal and dermal nests of malignant epithelial cells. It may recur after excision and metastasize to the lymph nodes and less frequently to distal anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Eccrine Porocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epidermotropic Eccrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Eccrine Poroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Porocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266065"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8409/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eccrine_Porocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eccrine poroma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Porocarcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Porocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8409/3"}]}}{"C4174":{"preferredName":"Sebaceous Adenoma","code":"C4174","definitions":[{"description":"A benign adenoma neoplasm with sebaceous differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, well circumscribed neoplasm arising from the sebaceous glands. It usually presents as a small yellowish tumor in the sun exposed skin of head and neck. It is characterized by the presence of sebaceous cells aggregates with a peripheral rim of basaloid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, SEBACEOUS, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma, Sebaceous Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Gland Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sebaceous adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Appendage Sebaceous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Skin Appendage Sebaceous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1368816"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8410/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sebaceous_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sebaceous adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8410/0"}]}}{"C4346":{"preferredName":"Skin Basal Cell Carcinoma with Sebaceous Differentiation","code":"C4346","definitions":[{"description":"A basal cell carcinoma of the skin that is characterized by sebaceous differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Basal Cell Carcinoma with Sebaceous Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basal Cell Epithelioma with Sebaceous Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Basosebaceous Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Epithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sebaceous epithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Basal Cell Carcinoma with Sebaceous Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334683"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sebaceous_Epithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sebaceous epithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8410/0"}]}}{"C40310":{"preferredName":"Sebaceous Carcinoma","code":"C40310","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant adenocarcinoma with sebaceous differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An adenocarcinoma with sebaceous differentiation. It presents as a painless mass and it may be multifocal. It grows in the ocular adnexae and in the skin of head and neck, trunk, genitals, and extremities. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells with multivesicular and clear cytoplasm. It may recur and metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOCARCINOMA, SEBACEOUS, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Sebaceous Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, Sebaceous Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sebaceous carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206684"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8410/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sebaceous_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sebaceous adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sebaceous carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8410/3"}]}}{"C27255":{"preferredName":"Eccrine Carcinoma","code":"C27255","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant carcinoma with eccrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An adenocarcinoma with eccrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands. It includes the following subtypes: ductal eccrine adenocarcinoma, papillary eccrine carcinoma, and eccrine porocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, ECCRINE GLAND, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eccrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Eccrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eccrine adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1302864"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8413/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eccrine_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eccrine adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8413/3"}]}}{"C6088":{"preferredName":"Ceruminous Adenoma","code":"C6088","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm derived from ceruminous glands in the external auditory canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm derived from ceruminous glands in the external auditory canal. It presents as a grey mass covered by skin. It is characterized by a proliferation of glands composed of cells with abundant eosinophilic and granular cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, CERUMINOUS GLAND, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ceruminoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ceruminoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ceruminous Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ceruminous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ceruminous Adenoma of External Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ceruminous Adenoma of External Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ceruminous Adenoma of the External Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ceruminous Adenoma of the External Auditory Canal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ceruminous adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"External Auditory Canal Ceruminous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334352"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8420/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"External_Auditory_Canal_Ceruminous_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ceruminous adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8420/0"}]}}{"C4176":{"preferredName":"Ceruminous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4176","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm derived from ceruminous glands in the external auditory canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An infiltrating adenocarcinoma derived from ceruminous glands in the external auditory canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, CERUMINOUS GLAND, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ceruminous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ceruminous adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334353"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8420/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ceruminous_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ceruminous adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ceruminous carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8420/3"}]}}{"C3772":{"preferredName":"Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma","code":"C3772","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma morphologically characterized the presence of cuboidal mucous cells, goblet-like mucous cells, squamoid cells, cystic changes, and a fibrotic stromal formation. It can occur in several anatomic sites, including parotid gland, oral cavity, paranasal sinus, skin, breast, lung, larynx, and lacrimal ducts. It is classified as low or high grade.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mucoepidermoid carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mucoepidermoid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206694"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8430/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8430/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucoepidermoid_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucoepidermoid carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucoepidermoid tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8430/1"}]}}{"C2972":{"preferredName":"Cystadenoma","code":"C2972","definitions":[{"description":"A benign cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from glandular epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign or borderline cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium. The epithelial cells line the cystic spaces which contain serous or mucinous fluid. Representative examples include ovarian and pancreatic cystadenomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYSTADENOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystadenoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010633"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8440/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystadenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8440/0"}]}}{"C2971":{"preferredName":"Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C2971","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from glandular epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium. The malignant epithelial cells invade the stroma. The cystic spaces contain serous or mucinous fluid. Representative examples include ovarian and pancreatic cystadenocarcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYSTADENOCARCINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cystadenocarcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010631"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8440/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystadenocarcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8440/3"}]}}{"C3783":{"preferredName":"Serous Cystadenoma","code":"C3783","definitions":[{"description":"A serous neoplasm in which the cysts and papillae are lined by a single layer of cells without atypia, architectural complexity or invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous Cystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous cystadenoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Serous cystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206709"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8441/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Serous_Cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous cystoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous microcystic adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8441/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous cystadenoma, NOS"}]}}{"C3778":{"preferredName":"Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C3778","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant serous cystic neoplasm usually involving the ovary or the pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of invasive malignant glandular epithelial cells which often form papillary structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Serous adenocarcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Serous cystadenocarcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206701"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8441/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Serous_Cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous cystadenocarcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8441/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous adenocarcinoma, NOS"}]}}{"C4177":{"preferredName":"Borderline Serous Cystadenoma","code":"C4177","definitions":[{"description":"A serous cystic glandular epithelial neoplasm of low malignant potential. It is characterized by the presence of atypical or malignant glandular epithelial cells with an absence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Malignancy Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous Tumor of Borderline Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous cystadenoma, borderline malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334355"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8442/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Serous_Cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous cystadenoma, borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous tumor, NOS, of low malignant potential"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8442/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical proliferating serous tumor"}]}}{"C65203":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Papillary Cystadenoma","code":"C65203","definitions":[{"description":"A benign cystic glandular epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic clear or hobnail cells which form papillary structures. There is no evidence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Papillary Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear cell cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880102"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8443/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Papillary_Cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8443/0"}]}}{"C2974":{"preferredName":"Papillary Cystadenoma","code":"C2974","definitions":[{"description":"A benign cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from glandular epithelium exhibiting papillary structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A serous or mucinous benign or low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYSTADENOMA, PAPILLARY, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Papillary Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010636"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8450/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary cystadenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8450/0"}]}}{"C3777":{"preferredName":"Papillary Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C3777","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from glandular epithelium exhibiting papillary structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant cystic serous or mucinous epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures. Stromal invasion is present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CYSTADENOCARCINOMA, PAPILLARY, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Papillary Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary cystadenocarcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Papillocystic adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206700"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8450/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary cystadenocarcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillocystic adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8450/3"}]}}{"C4178":{"preferredName":"Borderline Papillary Cystadenoma","code":"C4178","definitions":[{"description":"A serous or mucinous cystic glandular epithelial neoplasm of low malignant potential. It is characterized by the presence of atypical or malignant glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures with an absence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Malignancy Papillary Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Papillary Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Papillary Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary cystadenoma, borderline malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334356"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8451/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Papillary_Cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary cystadenoma, borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8451/1"}]}}{"C4179":{"preferredName":"Papillary Cystic Neoplasm","code":"C4179","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, malignant, or borderline epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of papillary mucinous, serous, or clear cell structures and cystic structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Cystic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Cystic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary cystic tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334357"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Cystic_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solid and cystic tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary cystic tumor"}]}}{"C5728":{"preferredName":"Solid Pseudopapillary Carcinoma of the Pancreas","code":"C5728","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the exocrine pancreas. It occurs predominantly in young women. It is characterized by the presence of extensive necrosis and hemorrhage and is composed of polyhedral cells forming solid and pseudopapillary patterns. There is morphologic evidence of perineural invasion, vascular invasion, or extensive invasion into the surrounding tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Solid Pseudopapillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solid Pseudopapillary Carcinoma of Pancreas","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solid Pseudopapillary Carcinoma of the Pancreas","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solid pseudopapillary carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336029"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8452/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Solid_Pseudopapillary_Carcinoma_of_the_Pancreas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solid pseudopapillary carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8452/3"}]}}{"C95514":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm, Oncocytic-Type","code":"C95514","definitions":[{"description":"A pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IOPN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal papillary-mucinous adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic IOPN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Oncocytic Papillary Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm, Oncocytic-Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987197"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary mucinous adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary-mucinous adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8453/0"}]}}{"C41251":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm, High Grade","code":"C41251","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that exhibit loss of polarity, nuclear stratification, hyperchromasia, and pleomorphism. There is severe architectural atypia and frequent mitotic figures present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm, High Grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm, High-Grade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Non-Invasive Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3532881"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8453/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreatic_Non-Invasive_Intraductal_Papillary-Mucinous_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm with high grade dysplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma, non-invasive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8453/2"}]}}{"C5726":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm with an Associated Invasive Carcinoma","code":"C5726","definitions":[{"description":"A pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm characterized by the presence of a focal or multifocal invasive carcinomatous component. The invasive carcinoma is either colloid or ductal adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm with an associated invasive carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma, invasive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm with an Associated Invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm with an Associated Invasive Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Invasive Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518871"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8453/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreatic_Invasive_Papillary-Mucinous_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm with an associated invasive carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma, invasive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8453/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) with an associated invasive carcinoma"}]}}{"C45754":{"preferredName":"Cystic Tumor of the Atrioventricular Node","code":"C45754","definitions":[{"description":"A multicystic tumor arising in the inferior interatrial septum in the region of the atrioventricular node. The vast majority of patients present with complete heart block and a minority with partial heart block. Sudden death is reported in approximately 10% of the cases. It is a morphologically benign tumor composed of cuboidal, transitional, or squamoid cells. The cells may also show sebaceous differentiation and originate from the endoderm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Mesothelioma of Mahaim","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Tumor of Atrioventricular Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Tumor of the Atrioventricular Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic tumor of atrio-ventricular node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Endodermal Rest","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracardiac Endodermal Heterotopia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma of Atrioventricular Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tawarian Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266075"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8454/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cystic_Tumor_of_Atrioventricular_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystic tumor of atrio-ventricular node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8454/0"}]}}{"C4180":{"preferredName":"Papillary Serous Cystadenoma","code":"C4180","definitions":[{"description":"A serous benign or low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334358"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8460/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Serous_Cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary serous cystadenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8460/0"}]}}{"C8377":{"preferredName":"Papillary Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C8377","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive cancer that usually affects the uterus/endometrium, peritoneum, or ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant cystic serous epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures. Stromal invasion is present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Serous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Serous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Serous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary serous adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"papillary serous carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334359"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8460/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Serous_Cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary serous adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8460/3"}]}}{"C6882":{"preferredName":"Micropapillary Serous Carcinoma","code":"C6882","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma usually arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of complex micropapillary structures covered by round and cuboidal cells with a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MPSC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary Serous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary Serous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Micropapillary Variant of Serous Borderline Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary serous carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"SBT-MP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL017991"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Micropapillary_Serous_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Micropapillary serous carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous borderline tumor, micropapillary variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8460/3"}]}}{"C4181":{"preferredName":"Serous Surface Papilloma","code":"C4181","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive papillary serous epithelial neoplasm usually arising from the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serous Surface Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous surface papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334360"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8461/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Serous_Surface_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous surface papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8461/0"}]}}{"C4182":{"preferredName":"Serous Surface Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C4182","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive serous adenocarcinoma arising from the ovary and rarely the peritoneum. Morphologically, it may be a well, moderately, or poorly differentiated neoplasm. It is characterized by a papillary growth pattern often associated with the presence of psammoma bodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serous Surface Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Serous Surface Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous surface papillary carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512816"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8461/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Serous_Surface_Papillary_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous surface papillary carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8461/3"}]}}{"C7695":{"preferredName":"Primary Peritoneal Serous Papillary Adenocarcinoma","code":"C7695","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, serous papillary adenocarcinoma that arises from the lining of the peritoneum. It affects females. The clinical behavior and pathologic characteristics are similar to the serous papillary adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Primary Peritoneal Serous Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Primary Peritoneal Serous Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Peritoneal Serous Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Serous Papillary Carcinoma of Peritoneum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary serous papillary carcinoma of peritoneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1368918"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Primary_Serous_Papillary_Carcinoma_of_Peritoneum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary serous papillary carcinoma of peritoneum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8461/3"}]}}{"C4183":{"preferredName":"Borderline Papillary Serous Cystadenoma","code":"C4183","definitions":[{"description":"A low malignant potential cystic serous epithelial neoplasm arising from the ovary. Cases with identical morphology have been described arising from the peritoneum as well. It is characterized by an atypical epithelial proliferation and a papillary growth pattern. There is no evidence of destructive stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Malignancy Papillary Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Papillary Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Borderline Papillary Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Papillary Serous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Papillary Serous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignant Potential Papillary Serous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Serous Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Serous Tumor of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary serous cystadenoma, borderline malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Papillary serous tumor of low malignant potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334362"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8462/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Papillary_Serous_Cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary serous tumor of low malignant potential"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary serous cystadenoma, borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous papillary cystic tumor of borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8462/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical proliferative papillary serous tumor"}]}}{"C7315":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Serous Surface Papillary Tumor","code":"C7315","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm of low malignant potential arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of papillary proliferations that contain atypical serous epithelial cells in the outer surface of the ovary. There is no evidence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Serous Surface Papillary Neoplasm","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Serous Surface Papillary Tumor","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous surface papillary tumor of borderline malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511269"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8463/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Ovarian_Serous_Papillary_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous surface papillary tumor of borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8463/1"}]}}{"C2973":{"preferredName":"Mucinous Cystadenoma","code":"C2973","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, cystic epithelial neoplasm comprising cells containing intracytoplasmic mucin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign or low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm composed of cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. It may arise from the ovary, pancreas, appendix, and lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, MUCINOUS, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucinous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucinous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Cystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucinous Cystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mucinous cystoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pseudomucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pseudomucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010635"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8480/0"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8470/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucinous_Cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous cystoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous cystadenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pseudomucinous cystadenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8470/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous adenoma"}]}}{"C6883":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Mucinous-Cystic Neoplasm with Intermediate Grade Dysplasia","code":"C6883","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the pancreas and is characterized by the presence of moderate dysplasia. The neoplastic columnar mucin-producing epithelial cells form papillary projections or crypt-like invaginations. There is cellular pseudostratification and mitotic activity present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucinous cystic tumor with moderate dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mucinous-Cystic Neoplasm with Intermediate Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2063870"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8472/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8470/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8470/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreatic_Mucinous_Cystic_Neoplasm_with_Moderate_Dysplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous cystic tumor with moderate dysplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8470/0"}]}}{"C41245":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Non-Invasive Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C41245","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive malignant cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the exocrine pancreas. It occurs almost exclusively in women. Small tumors are usually found incidentally. Larger tumors usually produce symptoms related to compression of the adjacent structures. It is characterized by the presence of columnar, mucin-producing epithelial cells which often form papillary projections with irregular branching and budding. There is cellular stratification, severe dysplasia, and high mitotic activity present. Complete surgical removal is usually associated with an excellent prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, non-invasive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Non-Invasive Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518874"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8470/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreatic_Non-Invasive_Mucinous_Cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, non-invasive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8470/2"}]}}{"C3776":{"preferredName":"Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C3776","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by cystic changes and the presence of malignant glandular cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. It may arise from the ovary, pancreas, appendix, and lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pseudomucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pseudomucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pseudomucinous adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206699"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8470/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucinous_Cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pseudomucinous adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pseudomucinous cystadenocarcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8470/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, NOS"}]}}{"C4184":{"preferredName":"Papillary Mucinous Cystadenoma","code":"C4184","definitions":[{"description":"A usually benign and less often low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm composed of cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. It is characterized by the presence of papillary structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Mucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Pseudomucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334363"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8471/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Mucinous_Cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary mucinous cystadenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary pseudomucinous cystadenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8471/0"}]}}{"C65204":{"preferredName":"Papillary Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C65204","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by cystic changes, papillary growth pattern, and the presence of malignant glandular cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334364"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8471/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Mucinous_Cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary pseudomucinous cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8471/3"}]}}{"C45512":{"preferredName":"Lung Colloid Adenocarcinoma","code":"C45512","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of mucin pools containing islands of well differentiated adenocarcinoma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung Colloid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Mucinous Cystic Tumor of Borderline Malignancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous cystic tumor of borderline malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708776"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lung_Mucinous_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lung_Mucinous_Cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous cystic tumor of borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8472/1"}]}}{"C4186":{"preferredName":"Borderline Papillary Mucinous Cystadenoma","code":"C4186","definitions":[{"description":"A low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm usually arising from the ovary. It is composed of glandular cells with intracytoplasmic mucin. It is characterized by an atypical epithelial proliferation and a papillary growth pattern. There is no evidence of destructive stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Malignancy Papillary Mucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Malignancy Papillary Pseudomucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Papillary Mucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Papillary Pseudomucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Papillary Mucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Papillary Pseudomucinous Cystadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Mucinous Tumor of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary mucinous cystadenoma, borderline malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Papillary mucinous tumor of low malignant potential","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Papillary pseudomucinous cystadenoma, borderline malignancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334366"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8473/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Papillary_Mucinous_Cystadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary mucinous tumor of low malignant potential"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary pseudomucinous cystadenoma, borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8473/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary mucinous cystadenoma, borderline malignancy"}]}}{"C42598":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Appendix Mucinous Neoplasm","code":"C42598","definitions":[{"description":"A well differentiated mucinous neoplasm that arises from the appendix. It is characterized by slow growth and it is associated with the development of pseudomyxoma peritonei.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Appendix Well Differentiated Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LAMN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Appendix Mucinous Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Appendix Mucinous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708747"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8480/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Low_Grade_Appendix_Mucinous_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Low grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8480/1"}]}}{"C26712":{"preferredName":"Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C26712","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer that begins in cells that line certain internal organs and produce mucin (the main component of mucus).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An adenocarcinoma comprising neoplastic glandular cells containing intracytoplasmic mucin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma composed of malignant glandular cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. Often, the infiltrating glandular structures are associated with mucoid stromal formation. It may arise from the large and small intestine, appendix, stomach, lung, ovary, breast, corpus uteri, cervix, vagina, and salivary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOCARCINOMA, MUCINOUS, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Colloid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Colloid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colloid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Colloid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Colloid adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Colloid adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Colloid carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gelatinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gelatinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gelatinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gelatinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gelatinous adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gelatinous carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mucinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mucinous carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mucoid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucoid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucoid adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mucoid carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mucous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucous adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mucous carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"mucinous carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007130"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8480/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucinous_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucoid adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucous adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucous carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucoid carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Colloid adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Colloid carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8480/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gelatinous carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gelatinous adenocarcinoma"}]}}{"C3345":{"preferredName":"Pseudomyxoma Peritonei","code":"C3345","definitions":[{"description":"A build-up of mucus in the peritoneal cavity. The mucus may come from ruptured ovarian cysts, from the appendix, or from other abdominal tissues. Mucus-secreting cells may attach to the peritoneal lining and continue to secrete mucus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A usually well differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma of the peritoneum. The majority of cases represent tumor spread from a primary low grade mucinous neoplasm of the appendix. Cases of pseudomyxoma peritonei associated with mucinous adenocarcinomas of the gallbladder, stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, lung, breast, and fallopian tubes have also been reported. In the past, the ovary has been considered as a common primary site associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei. However, there is recent evidence based on immunohistochemistry and molecular genetic analysis suggesting that most cases of pseudomyxoma peritonei probably represent metastasis from an appendiceal and not ovarian primary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gelatinous Ascites","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Ascites","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoma Peritonei","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peritoneal Cavity Pseudomyxoma Peritonei","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pseudomyxoma Peritonei","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pseudomyxoma Peritonei","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Pseudomyxoma Peritonei","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pseudomyxoma peritonei","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Peritoneal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pseudomyxoma peritonei","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0033822"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8480/6"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pseudomyxoma_Peritonei"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pseudomyxoma peritonei"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pseudomyxoma peritonei with unknown primary site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8480/6"}]}}{"C27379":{"preferredName":"Mucin-Producing Adenocarcinoma","code":"C27379","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma composed of malignant glandular cells which produce mucin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucin-Producing Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucin-producing adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334368"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8481/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucin-Secreting_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucin-producing adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucin-secreting adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8481/3"}]}}{"C27825":{"preferredName":"Mucin-Producing Carcinoma","code":"C27825","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that produces mucin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucin-Producing Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mucin-Producing Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucin-producing carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL054990"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucin-Secreting_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucin-producing carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucin-secreting carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8481/3"}]}}{"C66953":{"preferredName":"Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Endocervical Type","code":"C66953","definitions":[{"description":"A mucinous adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells which resemble the endocervical epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Endocervical Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous adenocarcinoma, endocervical type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266079"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8482/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucinous_Adenocarcinoma_Endocervical_Type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous adenocarcinoma, endocervical type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8482/3"}]}}{"C3774":{"preferredName":"Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma","code":"C3774","definitions":[{"description":"A highly malignant type of cancer typically found in glandular cells that line the digestive organs. The cells resemble signet rings when examined under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A usually aggressive, poorly differentiated invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells in which the nucleus is pressed to one side by the presence of intracytoplasmic mucus. It may arise from the stomach, small and large intestine, ampulla of Vater, appendix, gallbladder, pancreas, lung, bladder, breast, and prostate gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Signet Ring Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Signet ring cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"signet ring cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206696"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8490/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Signet_Ring_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Signet ring cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8490/3"}]}}{"C66717":{"preferredName":"Metastatic Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma","code":"C66717","definitions":[{"description":"A signet ring cell carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metastatic Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881801"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8490/6"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Metastatic_Signet_Ring_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8490/6"}]}}{"C3153":{"preferredName":"Krukenberg Tumor","code":"C3153","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor in the ovary caused by the spread of stomach cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Metastatic signet-ring cell carcinoma in the ovary. The primary site is the gastrointestinal tract or breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Krukenberg Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Krukenberg Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Krukenberg Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Krukenberg tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Krukenberg tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022790"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Krukenberg_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Krukenberg tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8490/6"}]}}{"C2924":{"preferredName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C2924","definitions":[{"description":"A noninvasive condition in which abnormal cells are found in the lining of a breast duct. The abnormal cells have not spread outside the duct to other tissues in the breast. In some cases, ductal carcinoma in situ may become invasive cancer and spread to other tissues, although it is not known at this time how to predict which lesions will become invasive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A breast carcinoma entirely confined to the mammary ducts. It is also known as DCIS. There is no evidence of invasion of the basement membrane. Currently, it is classified into three categories: High-grade DCIS, intermediate-grade DCIS and low-grade DCIS. In this classification the DCIS grade is defined by a combination of nuclear grade, architectural growth pattern and presence of necrosis. The size of the lesion as well as the grade and the clearance margins play a major role in dictating the most appropriate therapy for DCIS.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCIS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Intraductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Adenocarcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Adenocarcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Intraductal Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Intraductal Adenocarcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Intraductal Adenocarcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Intraductal Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Intraductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Adenocarcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Adenocarcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Intraductal Adenocarcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Intraductal Adenocarcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Intraductal Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ductal carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"intraductal carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007124"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8500/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ductal_Carcinoma_in_situ_of_the_Breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal carcinoma in situ of right breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal carcinoma in situ of unspecified breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal carcinoma in situ of left breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal carcinoma, noninfiltrating, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"DCIS, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8500/2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal adenocarcinoma, noninfiltrating, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ductal carcinoma in situ, NOS"}]}}{"C7949":{"preferredName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ, High Grade","code":"C7949","definitions":[{"description":"A type of ductal carcinoma in situ (very early-stage breast cancer).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Breast ductal carcinoma in situ characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with severe dysplasia and the formation of micropapillary, cribriform, or solid patterns. The nuclei show marked pleomorphism and have prominent nucleoli. Mitotic activity is usually present. There is comedo-type of necrosis present in the ducts. The necrotic debris is surrounded by pleomorphic malignant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Comedocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ, High Grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Comedocarcinoma, noninfiltrating","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"DCIS Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIN 3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DIN 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ductal Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"High Grade Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade DCIS of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade DCIS of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"comedo carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334002"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8501/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"High-Grade_Ductal_Carcinoma_In_Situ_of_the_Breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"DIN 3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Comedocarcinoma, noninfiltrating"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ductal intraepithelial neoplasia 3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8500/2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8501/2"}]}}{"C4194":{"preferredName":"Invasive Breast Carcinoma of No Special Type","code":"C4194","definitions":[{"description":"The most common type of invasive breast cancer. It starts in the cells that line the milk ducts in the breast, grows outside the ducts, and often spreads to the lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A term that refers to a large and heterogeneous group of invasive breast carcinomas that cannot be classified morphologically as any of the special histological types. (WHO 2019)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IBC NST","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Breast Carcinoma of No Special Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Invasive Breast Carcinoma of No Special Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, NST","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, No Specific Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"infiltrating ductal carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1134719"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8521/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8500/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Invasive_Ductal_Carcinoma_not_Otherwise_Specified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating duct carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating ductular carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8500/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating duct adenocarcinoma"}]}}{"C4017":{"preferredName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma","code":"C4017","definitions":[{"description":"The most common type of breast cancer. It begins in the cells that line the milk ducts in the breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A breast carcinoma arising from the ducts. While ductal carcinomas can arise at other sites, this term is universally used to refer to carcinomas of the breast. Ductal carcinomas account for about two thirds of all breast cancers. Two types of ductal carcinomas have been described: ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast carcinoma of no special type. The latter often spreads to the axillary lymph nodes and other anatomic sites. The two forms of ductal carcinoma often coexist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duct Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"ductal carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1527349"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ductal_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Duct cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Duct carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ductal carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8500/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Duct adenocarcinoma, NOS"}]}}{"C4188":{"preferredName":"Comedocarcinoma","code":"C4188","definitions":[{"description":"A high grade carcinoma characterized by the presence of comedo-type tumor cell necrosis in which the necrotic areas are surrounded by a solid proliferation of malignant pleomorphic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Comedocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Comedocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Comedocarcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334370"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8501/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Comedocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Comedocarcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8501/3"}]}}{"C4189":{"preferredName":"Breast Secretory Carcinoma","code":"C4189","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, low grade invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by the presence of cells that secrete milk-like material. Morphologically, it usually appears as a circumscribed lesion, composed of cystic spaces, tubular structures, and solid areas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Secretory Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Hypersecretory Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Hypersecretory Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Hypersecretory Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic hypersecretory carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Cystic Hypersecretory Duct Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Cystic Hypersecretory Duct Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Secretory Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Secretory Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Secretory Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile carcinoma of breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Secretory Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secretory Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secretory Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secretory Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secretory carcinoma of breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334371"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8508/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8502/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Secretory_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Secretory carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juvenile carcinoma of breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Secretory carcinoma of breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8508/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystic hypersecretory carcinoma"}]}}{"C3785":{"preferredName":"Intraductal Papilloma","code":"C3785","definitions":[{"description":"A benign (not cancer), wart-like growth in a milk duct of the breast. It is usually found close to the nipple and may cause a discharge from the nipple. It may also cause pain and a lump in the breast that can be felt. It usually affects women aged 35-55 years. Having a single papilloma does not increase the risk of breast cancer. When there are multiple intraductal papillomas, they are usually found farther from the nipple. There may not be a nipple discharge and the papillomas may not be felt. Having multiple intraductal papillomas may increase the risk of breast cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An intraluminal papillary epithelial neoplasm arising within the ducts. Representative examples are the intraductal breast papilloma and the salivary gland intraductal papilloma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Duct Adenoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duct adenoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ductal Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"intraductal papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206713"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8503/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intraductal_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary neoplasm with intermediate grade neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraglandular papillary neoplasm with low grade intraepithelial neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Duct adenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8503/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ductal papilloma"}]}}{"C96877":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder Intracholecystic Papillary Neoplasm, Low Grade","code":"C96877","definitions":[{"description":"An intracholecystic papillary neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the gallbladder. It is characterized by the presence of mild epithelial atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gallbladder ICPN with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Intracholecystic Papillary (Tubular) Neoplasm with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Intracholecystic Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Intracholecystic Papillary Neoplasm, Low Grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Intracholecystic Papillary Neoplasm, Low-Grade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Intracystic/Intaductal Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic papillary neoplasm with low grade intraepithelial neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273093"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8503/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intracystic papillary neoplasm with low grade intraepithelial neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8503/0"}]}}{"C96807":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm, Low Grade","code":"C96807","definitions":[{"description":"An intraductal papillary neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts. It is characterized by the presence of mild epithelial atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Duct IPN with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm, Low Grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm, Low-Grade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal papillary neoplasm with low grade intraepithelial neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273049"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8503/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary neoplasm with low grade intraepithelial neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8503/0"}]}}{"C4190":{"preferredName":"Breast Papillary Ductal Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C4190","definitions":[{"description":"Breast ductal carcinoma in situ characterized by the presence of filiform arborizing fibrovascular cores lined by neoplastic ductal epithelium. (WHO 2019)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Intracystic Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Intraductal Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Papillary DCIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Papillary Ductal Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal papillary carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Intraductal Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Intraductal Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Papillary Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Papillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Intraductal Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Intraductal Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Papillary Breast Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Papillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary DCIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Ductal Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334372"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8503/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intraductal_Papillary_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary adenocarcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Noninfiltrating intraductal papillary carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Noninfiltrating intraductal papillary adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"DCIS, papillary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8503/2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ductal carcinoma in situ, papillary"}]}}{"C96809":{"preferredName":"Bile Duct Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm, High Grade","code":"C96809","definitions":[{"description":"An intraductal papillary neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts. It is characterized by the presence of severe epithelial atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Duct IPN with High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm with High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm, High Grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm, High-Grade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bile Duct Papillary Neoplasm with High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm with High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal papillary neoplasm with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273051"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8503/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary neoplasm with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8503/2"}]}}{"C7439":{"preferredName":"Breast Papillary Ductal Carcinoma In Situ with Invasion","code":"C7439","definitions":[{"description":"A breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of intraductal and invasive papillary carcinomatous components.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Intraductal Papillary Adenocarcinoma with Invasion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Papillary Ductal Carcinoma In Situ with Invasion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Papillary Adenocarcinoma with Invasion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal papillary adenocarcinoma with invasion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334373"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8503/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intraductal_Papillary_Adenocarcinoma_with_Invasion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary adenocarcinoma with invasion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillary neoplasm with associated invasive carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8503/3"}]}}{"C7438":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Papillary Adenocarcinoma","code":"C7438","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that has papillary growth and invades the wall and/or the surrounding tissues of the organ it originates from.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating papillary adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1321863"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infiltrating_Papillary_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating and papillary adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating papillary adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8503/3"}]}}{"C4191":{"preferredName":"Breast Intracystic Papilloma","code":"C4191","definitions":[{"description":"A papillary epithelial neoplasm arising in a cystically dilated breast duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Intracystic Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic Papillary Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic papillary adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Intracystic papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Fri Nov 20 14:43:42 EST 2020 - See 'Breast Intraductal Papilloma(C3863)'"},{"name":"OLD_PARENT","value":"C3863"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334374"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8504/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"OLD_ASSOCIATION","value":"A8|C168658"},{"name":"OLD_ASSOCIATION","value":"A8|C168657"},{"name":"OLD_ASSOCIATION","value":"A8|C168662"},{"name":"OLD_ASSOCIATION","value":"A8|C168661"},{"name":"OLD_ASSOCIATION","value":"A8|C168655"},{"name":"OLD_ASSOCIATION","value":"A8|C157711"},{"name":"OLD_ASSOCIATION","value":"A8|C168656"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intracystic_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intracystic papillary adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intracystic papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8504/0"}]}}{"C7645":{"preferredName":"Breast Intracystic Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C7645","definitions":[{"description":"An intraductal breast carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth within a large cystic duct. There is no evidence of invasion of the breast parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Intracystic Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic Papillary Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic Papillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic papillary adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Noninfiltrating Intracystic Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334376"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8504/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8504/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intracystic_Papillary_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intracystic papillary adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intracystic carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Noninfiltrating intracystic carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8504/2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8504/3"}]}}{"C7363":{"preferredName":"Intraductal Papillomatosis","code":"C7363","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic process characterized by the presence of multiple intraductal papillomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraductal Papillomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334377"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8505/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intraductal_Papillomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal papillomatosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8505/0"}]}}{"C4192":{"preferredName":"Nipple Adenoma","code":"C4192","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the nipple. Signs and symptoms include serous or sanguineous nipple discharge and nipple erosion. It is characterized by the presence of aggregates of small tubules replacing the nipple stroma. The tubules are lined by epithelial and myoepithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoma of Nipple","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenoma of nipple","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adenoma of the Nipple","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erosive Nipple Adenomatosis","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nipple Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subareolar Duct Papillomatosis","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subareolar duct papillomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1868647"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334378"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8506/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nipple_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenoma of nipple"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Subareolar duct papillomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8506/0"}]}}{"C5139":{"preferredName":"Breast Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C5139","definitions":[{"description":"Breast ductal carcinoma in situ characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells arranged in micropapillary patterns.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Intraductal Micropapillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Micropapillary DCIS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Intraductal micropapillary carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Micropapillary DCIS of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary DCIS of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary Ductal Breast Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma in situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma in situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Micropapillary Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Micropapillary Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Micropapillary Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Micropapillary Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334249"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8507/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intraductal_Micropapillary_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal micropapillary carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8507/2"}]}}{"C66718":{"preferredName":"Medullary Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C66718","definitions":[{"description":"A term referring to medullary carcinomas which can develop in various anatomic sites such as the thyroid gland, breast, colon, rectum, and small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206693"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8510/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Medullary_Carcinoma_NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medullary carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8510/3"}]}}{"C9119":{"preferredName":"Breast Medullary Carcinoma","code":"C9119","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of breast cancer that often can be treated successfully. It is marked by lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) in and around the tumor that can be seen when viewed under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An infiltrating breast carcinoma with a relatively favorable prognosis. It is an uncommon carcinoma, accounting for less than 1% of all infiltrating breast carcinomas. It is well circumscribed, with soft cut surface and often of considerable size. Microscopically, the predominant growth pattern is syncytial with broad anastomosing bands or sheets of malignant cells. The malignant cells are round with abundant cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei. The sheets of malignant cells are associated with a marked lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. Glandular or tubular structures are absent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Breast Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Medullary Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Medullary Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Medullary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Medullary Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Medullary Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Breast Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Medullary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Breast Carcinoma with Lymphoid Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary carcinoma with lymphoid stroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"medullary breast carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0860580"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8512/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Medullary_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medullary carcinoma with lymphoid stroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8512/3"}]}}{"C66719":{"preferredName":"Breast Atypical Medullary Carcinoma","code":"C66719","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive ductal breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of a predominantly syncytial architectural pattern. It may have some, but not all the strictly defined additional morphologic criteria which are necessary for the diagnosis of medullary breast carcinoma (presence of a diffuse lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, neoplastic round cells with abundant cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei, complete histological circumscription, and absence of glandular or tubular structures). It does not have the relatively favorable outcome that characterizes medullary breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Medullary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical medullary carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Breast Atypical Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal Breast Carcinoma with Medullary Features","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879758"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8513/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Medullary_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical medullary carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8513/3"}]}}{"C7362":{"preferredName":"Breast Scirrhous Carcinoma","code":"C7362","definitions":[{"description":"An infiltrating ductal breast carcinoma associated with stromal fibrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Scirrhous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Breast Scirrhous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Duct carcinoma, desmoplastic type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Carcinoma of Breast with Fibrotic Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Carcinoma of the Breast with Fibrotic Stroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scirrhous Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scirrhous Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Scirrhous Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346151"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8514/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Scirrhous_Carcinoma_of_the_Breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Duct carcinoma, desmoplastic type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8514/3"}]}}{"C4018":{"preferredName":"Breast Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C4018","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which abnormal cells are found in the lobules of the breast. Lobular carcinoma in situ seldom becomes invasive cancer; however, having it in one breast increases the risk of developing breast cancer in either breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by a proliferation of monomorphic cells completely filling the lumina. The overall lobular architecture is preserved. It is frequently multifocal (90% in some series) and bilateral. It seldom becomes invasive; however there is an increased risk of infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCIS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"LCIS, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lobular Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lobular Ca in situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Ca in situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast (LCIS)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma in situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Lobular carcinoma in situ, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lobular carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279563"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8520/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lobular_Carcinoma_in_situ_of_the_Breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lobular carcinoma in situ, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lobular carcinoma, noninfiltrating"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8520/2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"LCIS, NOS"}]}}{"C3771":{"preferredName":"Breast Lobular Carcinoma","code":"C3771","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that begins in the lobules (the glands that make milk) of the breast. Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a condition in which abnormal cells are found only in the lobules. When cancer has spread from the lobules to surrounding tissues, it is invasive lobular carcinoma. LCIS does not become invasive lobular carcinoma very often, but having LCIS in one breast increases the risk of developing invasive cancer in either breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An adenocarcinoma of the breast arising from the lobules. This is a relatively uncommon carcinoma, represents approximately 10% of the breast adenocarcinomas and is often bilateral or multifocal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"lobular carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206692"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8520/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lobular_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lobular adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lobular carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8520/3"}]}}{"C7950":{"preferredName":"Invasive Breast Lobular Carcinoma","code":"C7950","definitions":[{"description":"An infiltrating lobular adenocarcinoma of the breast. The malignant cells lack cohesion and are arranged individually or in a linear manner (Indian files), or as narrow trabeculae within the stroma. The malignant cells are usually smaller than those of ductal carcinoma, are less pleomorphic, and have fewer mitotic figures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classic Invasive Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Lobular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Breast Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Invasive Breast Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Carcinoma, Classic Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive lobular carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279565"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Invasive_Lobular_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating lobular carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Invasive lobular carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8520/3"}]}}{"C4195":{"preferredName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C4195","definitions":[{"description":"The co-existence of ductal and lobular carcinoma in situ in the breast, without evidence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCIS and LCIS of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCIS and LCIS of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ and Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ and Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma in situ with Lobular Carcinoma in situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma in situ with Lobular Carcinoma in situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal and Lobular Breast Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma in situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma in situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal Carcinoma and Lobular Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal and Lobular Breast Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal and Lobular Carcinoma in situ of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal and Lobular Carcinoma in situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal carcinoma and lobular carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal and Non-Infiltrating Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal with Non-Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal with Non-Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma with Non-Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma with Non-Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma with Non-Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal and Non-Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal and Non-Invasive Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Ductal with Non-Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334383"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8522/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ductal_Carcinoma_in_situ_and_Lobular_Carcinoma_in_situ"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal carcinoma and lobular carcinoma in situ"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8522/2"}]}}{"C7688":{"preferredName":"Invasive Breast Ductal Carcinoma and Lobular Carcinoma","code":"C7688","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive ductal breast carcinoma associated with a lobular carcinomatous component. The lobular carcinomatous component may be in situ or invasive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating duct and lobular carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Infiltrating duct mixed with other types of carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Invasive Breast Ductal Carcinoma and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Duct and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334277"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8522/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Invasive_Ductal_and_Lobular_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating duct and lobular carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating duct mixed with other types of carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8523/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8522/3"}]}}{"C7689":{"preferredName":"Invasive Breast Ductal Carcinoma and Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C7689","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive ductal breast carcinoma associated with an in situ lobular carcinomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating duct and lobular carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Invasive Breast Ductal Carcinoma and Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCIS and Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma in situ and Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lobular Carcinoma in situ and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334384"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infiltrating_Ductal_and_Lobular_Carcinoma_in_situ"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating duct and lobular carcinoma in situ"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8522/3"}]}}{"C6939":{"preferredName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and Invasive Lobular Carcinoma","code":"C6939","definitions":[{"description":"A breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of a ductal carcinoma in situ component and an invasive lobular carcinomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and Invasive Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCIS and ILC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DCIS and Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ and Invasive Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal Carcinoma in situ and Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating lobular mixed with other types of carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma and ILC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma and Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL018755"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ductal_Carcinoma_in_situ_and_Infiltrating_Lobular_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating lobular carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating lobular mixed with other types of carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8524/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8522/3"}]}}{"C7690":{"preferredName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and Lobular Carcinoma","code":"C7690","definitions":[{"description":"A breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of a ductal carcinoma in situ component and an in situ or invasive lobular carcinomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Intraductal and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraductal and lobular carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL028597"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intraductal_and_Lobular_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal and lobular carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8522/3"}]}}{"C5160":{"preferredName":"Breast Mixed Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma","code":"C5160","definitions":[{"description":"A breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of a lobular and a ductal component. The ductal component comprises less than 50 percent of the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Mixed Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Ductal and Lobular Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Lobular and Ductal Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Lobular and Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Lobular and Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Lobular and Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL007210"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Lobular_and_Ductal_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lobular and ductal carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8522/3"}]}}{"C35702":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Polymorphous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C35702","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from the salivary gland. It usually arises from the oral cavity, with approximately 60% of the cases involving the palate. The most common presenting sign is a painless mass in the palate. It is characterized by the presence of uniform, small to medium size malignant epithelial cells and an infiltrating pattern. There is a variety of morphologic patterns which may be present within an individual tumor, including lobular, papillary, papillary-cystic, cribriform, and trabecular pattern. It usually has a favorable clinical outcome and a low metastatic potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polymorphous adenocarcinoma, classic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland PmA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Polymorphous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Polymorphous Adenocarcinoma, Classical Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Polymorphous Low Grade Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Terminal Duct Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1335907"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8525/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Salivary_Gland_Polymorphous_Low-Grade_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Polymorphous adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8525/3"}]}}{"C4001":{"preferredName":"Breast Inflammatory Carcinoma","code":"C4001","definitions":[{"description":"A type of breast cancer in which the breast looks red and swollen and feels warm. The skin of the breast may also show the pitted appearance called peau d'orange (like the skin of an orange). The redness and warmth occur because the cancer cells block the lymph vessels in the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An advanced, invasive breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of distinct changes in the overlying skin. These changes include diffuse erythema, edema, peau d'orange (skin of an orange) appearance, tenderness, induration, warmth, enlargement, and in some cases a palpable mass. The skin changes are the consequence of lymphatic obstruction from the underlying invasive breast adenocarcinoma. Microscopically, the dermal lymphatics show prominent infiltration by malignant cells. The invasive breast adenocarcinoma is usually of ductal, NOS type. There is not significant inflammatory cell infiltrate present, despite the name of this carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Inflammatory Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Breast Inflammatory Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Breast Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Breast Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory breast carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Inflammatory carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mastitis Carcinomatosa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"inflammatory breast cancer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0278601"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8530/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inflammatory_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Inflammatory carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8530/3"}]}}{"C47857":{"preferredName":"Breast Paget Disease","code":"C47857","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm in which there is infiltration of the skin overlying the breast by neoplastic large cells with abundant pale cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli (Paget cells). It is almost always associated with an intraductal or invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. The clinical features include focal skin reddening, and eczema. Retraction of the nipple may sometimes occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Paget Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mammary Paget's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget Disease of the Breast","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paget Disease of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget disease of breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Paget disease, mammary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030185"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8540/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Paget_s_Disease_of_the_Breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paget disease of breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paget disease, mammary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8540/3"}]}}{"C7951":{"preferredName":"Breast Paget Disease with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","code":"C7951","definitions":[{"description":"Paget disease involving the skin overlying the mammary gland, accompanied by invasive ductal breast carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Paget Disease with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget Disease of the Breast with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paget Disease of the Breast with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget disease and infiltrating duct carcinoma of breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease and Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease and Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of Breast with Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of Breast with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of the Breast with Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of the Breast with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279567"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8541/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Paget_s_Disease_of_the_Breast_with_Invasive_Ductal_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paget disease and infiltrating duct carcinoma of breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8541/3"}]}}{"C3302":{"preferredName":"Extramammary Paget Disease","code":"C3302","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm in which there is infiltration of the skin by neoplastic large cells with abundant pale cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli (Paget cells). It may affect the anus, penis, scrotum, and vulva.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous Paget's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extramammary Paget Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extramammary Paget's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget Disease Extramammary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget disease, extramammary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Skin Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030186"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8542/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Extramammary_Paget_s_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paget disease, extramammary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8542/3"}]}}{"C4019":{"preferredName":"Breast Paget Disease and Intraductal Carcinoma","code":"C4019","definitions":[{"description":"Paget disease of the breast associated with the presence of a usually high grade ductal carcinoma in situ in the lactiferous glands.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Paget Disease and Intraductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget Disease and Intraductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paget Disease and Intraductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget disease and intraductal carcinoma of breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease and Intraductal Carcinoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease and Intraductal Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of Breast with Intraductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Disease of the Breast with Intraductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279566"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8543/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Paget_s_Disease_and_Intraductal_Carcinoma_of_the_Breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paget disease and intraductal carcinoma of breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8543/3"}]}}{"C4196":{"preferredName":"Acinar Cell Adenoma","code":"C4196","definitions":[{"description":"A benign glandular epithelial neoplasm comprising secretory cells forming acinar patterns.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign glandular epithelial neoplasm consisting of secretory cells forming acinar patterns.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMA, ACINAR CELL, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinar Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinar Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acinar cell adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acinic Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinic Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinic cell adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334389"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8550/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acinar_Cell_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acinar cell adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acinic cell adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8550/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acinar adenoma"}]}}{"C3768":{"preferredName":"Acinar Cell Carcinoma","code":"C3768","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant glandular epithelial neoplasm comprising secretory cells forming acinar patterns.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant glandular epithelial neoplasm consisting of secretory cells forming acinar patterns. Representative examples include the acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas and the acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acinar Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinar Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinar Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acinar adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acinar adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acinar carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acinar cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acinic Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinic Cell Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinic Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acinic Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinic cell adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, ACINAR CELL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206685"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8550/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acinar_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acinar cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acinar carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acinic cell adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8550/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acinar adenocarcinoma"}]}}{"C5727":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Acinar Cell Cystadenocarcinoma","code":"C5727","definitions":[{"description":"A cystic adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of relatively uniform neoplastic cells which produce pancreatic enzymes and are arranged in acinar patterns. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea, and diarrhea. It usually has an aggressive clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acinar Cell Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Cystadenocarcinoma of Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar Cell Cystadenocarcinoma of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acinar cell cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Acinar Cell Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Acinar Cell Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266087"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8551/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreatic_Acinar_Cell_Cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acinar cell cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8551/3"}]}}{"C95458":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Mixed Acinar-Ductal Carcinoma","code":"C95458","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from the pancreas showing either extensive mucin accumulation and acinar neoplastic cells or a mixture of columnar or signet-ring cells and acinar neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Acinar-Ductal Carcinoma of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed acinar-ductal carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mixed Acinar-Ductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987160"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8552/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed acinar-ductal carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed acinar-endocrine-ductal carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8552/3"}]}}{"C45602":{"preferredName":"Lung Mixed Squamous Cell and Glandular Papilloma","code":"C45602","definitions":[{"description":"An exceedingly rare benign endobronchial neoplasm characterized by the presence of fibrovascular cores which are lined by both squamous and glandular epithelium. Patients present with obstructive symptoms. Complete resection is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung Mixed Squamous Cell and Glandular Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Mixed Squamous and Glandular Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708774"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8560/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lung_Mixed_Squamous_and_Glandular_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8560/0"}]}}{"C3727":{"preferredName":"Adenosquamous Carcinoma","code":"C3727","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer that contains two types of cells: squamous cells (thin, flat cells that line certain organs) and gland-like cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm composed of malignant glandular and malignant squamous cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An invasive carcinoma composed of malignant glandular cells and malignant squamous cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenosquamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Adenosquamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenosquamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adenosquamous carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, ADENOSQUAMOUS, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Epidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Epidermoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Epidermoid Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed adenocarcinoma and epidermoid carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mixed adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"adenosquamous carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206623"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8560/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenosquamous_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed adenocarcinoma and epidermoid carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8560/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenosquamous carcinoma"}]}}{"C2854":{"preferredName":"Warthin Tumor","code":"C2854","definitions":[{"description":"An adenoma characterized by an oncocytic, often papillary, epithelial component, dense lymphoid stroma, and cystic spaces. It occurs primarily in the parotid gland, and is the second most common benign parotid salivary gland tumor. A strong association with smoking has been reported. It typically presents as a painless swelling in the lower portion of the parotid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenolymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adenolymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Cystadenoma Lymphomatosum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Warthin Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Warthin Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Warthin tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Warthin's Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001429"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8561/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Warthin_s_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Warthin tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8561/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenolymphoma"}]}}{"C4199":{"preferredName":"Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma","code":"C4199","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm which occurs mostly in the major salivary glands (most frequently in the parotid gland), but also in the minor salivary glands of the oral mucosa and the tracheobronchial tree. It is characterized by the presence of ductal structures which are lined by an inner layer of cuboidal epithelial-type cells and an outer layer of myoepithelial cells with clear or eosinophilic cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334392"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8562/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epithelial-Myoepithelial_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8562/3"}]}}{"C4200":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma with Squamous Metaplasia","code":"C4200","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from glandular cells that includes focal or extensive areas of squamous metaplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of focal or extensive transformation of malignant glandular cells to squamous epithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOACANTHOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoacanthoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoacanthoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adenoacanthoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Squamous Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Squamous Metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with squamous metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334393"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8570/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_with_Squamous_Metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenoacanthoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma with squamous metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8570/3"}]}}{"C7683":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma with Cartilaginous and Osseous Metaplasia","code":"C7683","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by focal or extensive cartilage and/or bone formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Cartilaginous and Osseous Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Cartilaginous and Osseous Metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with cartilaginous and osseous metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334394"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8571/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_with_Cartilaginous_and_Osseous_Metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma with cartilaginous and osseous metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8571/3"}]}}{"C7685":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma with Cartilaginous Metaplasia","code":"C7685","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of cartilaginous metaplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Cartilaginous Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with cartilaginous metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1377647"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_with_Cartilaginous_Metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma with cartilaginous metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8571/3"}]}}{"C7684":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma with Osseous Metaplasia","code":"C7684","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of osseous metaplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Osseous Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with osseous metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1377648"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_with_Osseous_Metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma with osseous metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8571/3"}]}}{"C4201":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma with Spindle Cell Metaplasia","code":"C4201","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by focal or extensive transformation of the malignant glandular cells to spindle-shaped cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Spindle Cell Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Spindle Cell Metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with spindle cell metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334395"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8572/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_with_Spindle_Cell_Metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma with spindle cell metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8572/3"}]}}{"C4202":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma with Apocrine Metaplasia","code":"C4202","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by focal or extensive transformation of the malignant glandular cells to cells with abundant, usually granular eosinophilic cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Apocrine Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with apocrine metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma with apocrine metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334396"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8573/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_with_Apocrine_Metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma with apocrine metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma with apocrine metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8573/3"}]}}{"C66745":{"preferredName":"Adenocarcinoma with Neuroendocrine Differentiation","code":"C66745","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of focal or extensive neuroendocrine differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with Neuroendocrine Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266088"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8574/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenocarcinoma_with_Neuroendocrine_Differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8574/3"}]}}{"C27949":{"preferredName":"Metaplastic Carcinoma","code":"C27949","definitions":[{"description":"A general term used to describe cancer that begins in cells that have changed into another cell type (for example, a squamous cell of the esophagus changing to resemble a cell of the stomach). In some cases, metaplastic changes alone may mean there is an increased chance of cancer developing at the site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A general term used to describe carcinomas arising from epithelial cells that have been transformed into another cells type (metaplastic epithelial cells). A representative example is the adenocarcinoma arising in Barrett esophagus. This term is also used to describe carcinomas in which the malignant epithelial cells show differentiation towards another cell type. A representative example of the latter is the metaplastic breast carcinoma in which the malignant glandular cells show squamous, spindle cell, or chondroid/osseous differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metaplastic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Metaplastic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metaplastic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"metaplastic carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266089"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8575/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Metaplastic_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Metaplastic carcinoma of no special type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Metaplastic carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8575/3"}]}}{"C66950":{"preferredName":"Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma","code":"C66950","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma with morphologic characteristics similar to hepatocellular carcinoma, arising from an anatomic site other than the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatoid adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hepatoid carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266090"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8576/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatoid_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatoid adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatoid carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8576/3"}]}}{"C6450":{"preferredName":"Thymic Epithelial Neoplasm","code":"C6450","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm that affects the thymus gland. This category includes thymomas and carcinomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelial Neoplasm of Thymus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Neoplasm of the Thymus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Tumor of Thymus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Tumor of the Thymus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymic Epithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymic Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymic Epithelium Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymus Epithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymus Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymus Epithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266101"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thymus_Epithelial_Neoplasm"}]}}{"C66746":{"preferredName":"Benign Thymoma","code":"C66746","definitions":[{"description":"A thymoma that is completely surrounded by a capsule, without evidence of capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues, and metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Thymoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040101"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8580/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Thymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8580/0"}]}}{"C7612":{"preferredName":"Malignant Thymoma","code":"C7612","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the thymus, originating from epithelial thymus cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A thymoma that has an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize. Although any morphologic subtype of thymoma may eventually have a malignant clinical course, this term is most often associated with thymoma types B3 and C.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Thymoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THYMOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL371354"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8580/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Thymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, malignant, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8580/3"}]}}{"C6454":{"preferredName":"Thymoma Type A","code":"C6454","definitions":[{"description":"A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle and/or oval neoplastic epithelial cells. Lymphocytic infiltration is minimal or absent. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis or pure red cell aplasia. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I tumors. Approximately 20% of the cases occur as stage II or stage III tumors. Type A thymoma generally behaves as a benign tumor and the overall survival is reported to be 100% at 5 and 10 years.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medullary Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type A","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266091"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8581/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thymoma_Type_A"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, spindle cell, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type A, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8581/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, medullary, NOS"}]}}{"C7999":{"preferredName":"Malignant Type A Thymoma","code":"C7999","definitions":[{"description":"A type A thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Type A Thymoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Type A Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma, type A, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279707"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8581/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Type_A_Thymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type A"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, spindle cell, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type A, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8581/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, medullary, malignant"}]}}{"C6885":{"preferredName":"Thymoma Type AB","code":"C6885","definitions":[{"description":"A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of a lymphocyte-poor component similar to that seen in type A thymoma and a lymphocyte-rich component which contains neoplastic small polygonal epithelial cells. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis and pure red cell aplasia. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I tumors. A minority of the cases occur as stage II or stage III tumors. The overall survival is reported to be 80-100% at 5 and 10 years.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Type Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type AB","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type AB","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma, type AB, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266092"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8582/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thymoma_Type_AB"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, mixed type, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type AB, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8582/1"}]}}{"C6886":{"preferredName":"Malignant Type AB Thymoma","code":"C6886","definitions":[{"description":"A type AB thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Type AB Thymoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Type AB Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma, type AB, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266093"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8582/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Type_AB_Thymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type AB"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type AB, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8582/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, mixed type, malignant"}]}}{"C6887":{"preferredName":"Thymoma Type B1","code":"C6887","definitions":[{"description":"A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of expanded areas which resemble the normal thymic cortex. The neoplastic epithelial cells are small and scant and there is a dense T-lymphocytic component present. Areas of medullary differentiation with or without Hassall's corpuscles are also present. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It has a low grade malignant potential. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I tumors. A minority of the cases occur as stage II tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Predominant Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Rich Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organoid Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Predominantly Cortical Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type B1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type B1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma, type B1, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266094"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8583/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thymoma_Type_B1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, predominantly cortical, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, organoid, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type B1, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, lymphocyte-rich, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8583/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, lymphocytic, NOS"}]}}{"C7996":{"preferredName":"Malignant Type B1 Thymoma","code":"C7996","definitions":[{"description":"A type B1 thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Type B1 Thymoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Type B1 Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma, type B1, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279704"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8583/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Type_B1_Thymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, predominantly cortical, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, organoid, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type B1, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type B1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, lymphocyte-rich, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8583/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, lymphocytic, malignant"}]}}{"C6888":{"preferredName":"Thymoma Type B2","code":"C6888","definitions":[{"description":"A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic large, polygonal epithelial cells with large vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. The neoplastic cells are arranged around perivascular spaces and along septa. Immature T-lymphocytes are also present. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It is a tumor of moderate malignancy. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I, stage II, or stage III tumors. Metastatic, stage IV tumors occur less frequently.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cortical Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polygonal Cell Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type B2","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type B2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma, type B2, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266095"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8584/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thymoma_Type_B2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, cortical, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type B2, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8584/1"}]}}{"C6889":{"preferredName":"Malignant Type B2 Thymoma","code":"C6889","definitions":[{"description":"A type B2 thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Type B2 Thymoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Type B2 Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma, type B2, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266096"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8584/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Type_B2_Thymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type B2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type B2, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8584/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, cortical, malignant"}]}}{"C7997":{"preferredName":"Thymoma Type B3","code":"C7997","definitions":[{"description":"Also known as well-differentiated thymic carcinoma, atypical thymoma, or epithelial thymoma, this type of thymoma displays morphologic characteristics of a well-differentiated carcinoma. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage II or stage III tumors. It is almost always invasive, it recurs frequently, and metastasizes in approximately 20% of the cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Malignant Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Thymoma Type B3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamoid Thymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type B3","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type B3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma, atypical, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thymoma, atypical, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thymoma, epithelial, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thymoma, epithelial, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thymoma, type B3, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thymoma, type B3, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well differentiated thymic carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Well-Differentiated Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279705"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8585/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8585/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thymoma_Type_B3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type B3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type B3, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, epithelial, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Well differentiated thymic carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type B3, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8585/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, atypical, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8585/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, epithelial, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, atypical, malignant"}]}}{"C7569":{"preferredName":"Thymic Carcinoma","code":"C7569","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of thymus gland cancer. It usually spreads, has a high risk of recurrence, and has a poor survival rate. Thymic carcinoma is divided into subtypes, depending on the types of cells in which the cancer began.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A diverse group of carcinomas of the thymus gland, previously known as thymoma type C. It includes morphologic variants derived from purely epithelial cells, as well as from cells with neuroendocrine differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymic Carcinoma (Excluding Well Differentiated Thymic Carcinoma)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymic Carcinoma Excluding Well Differentiated Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymoma Type C","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"thymic carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"type C thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205969"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8586/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thymoma_Type_C"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymic carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymoma, type C"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8586/3"}]}}{"C53595":{"preferredName":"Ectopic Hamartomatous Thymoma","code":"C53595","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, well-circumscribed tumor of the neck occurring in adults. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells, epithelial islands, and adipose tissue. There is no evidence of thymic origin or differentiation, despite the use of the term thymoma in the literature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Branchial Anlage Mixed Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ectopic Hamartomatous Thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ectopic hamartomatous thymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266098"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8587/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ectopic_Hamartomatous_Thymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ectopic hamartomatous thymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8587/0"}]}}{"C46105":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Spindle Cell Tumor with Thymus-Like Differentiation","code":"C46105","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, slow growing, primary malignant tumor of the thyroid gland characterized by a lobulated architectural pattern and the presence of a biphasic cellular population composed of spindle epithelial cells and glandular cells. A small number of cases are composed exclusively of spindle epithelial cells or glandular cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SETTLE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SETTLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Spindle Cell Tumor with Thymus-Like Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266099"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8588/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroid_Gland_Spindle_Cell_Tumor_with_Thymus-Like_Differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spindle epithelial tumor with thymus-like differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spindle epithelial tumor with thymus-like element"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8588/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"SETTLE"}]}}{"C46106":{"preferredName":"Intrathyroid Thymic Carcinoma","code":"C46106","definitions":[{"description":"A rare primary carcinoma of the thyroid gland, composed of groups of carcinoma cells with thymic epithelial differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CASTLE","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CASTLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Intrathyroid Thymic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Carcinoma Showing Thymus-Like Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266100"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8589/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroid_Gland_Carcinoma_Showing_Thymus-Like_Differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma showing thymus-like element"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intrathyroid thymic carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8589/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CASTLE"}]}}{"C3794":{"preferredName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","code":"C3794","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of cancer that forms in the tissues that support the ovaries or testes. These tumors may release sex hormones. Sex cord-gonadal stromal tumors include granulosa cell, Sertoli cell, and Leydig cell tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tumor arising in the ovary or testis. It is composed of one or more of the following: granulosa cells, Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, and/or fibroblasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A neoplasm arising in the ovary or testis. It is composed of granulosa cells, Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, and fibroblasts. Each of these cell types may constitute the only cellular component that is present in the neoplasm or it may be mixed with other cell types in various combinations. The prognosis can not always be predicted on histologic grounds alone. Approximately, 10% of these tumors may metastasize. Representative examples include granulosa cell tumor, Leydig cell tumor, Sertoli cell tumor, and tumors of the thecoma-fibroma group.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gonadal stromal tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"sex cord tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"sex cord-stromal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206724"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8590/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sex_Cord-Stromal_Tumor"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sex cord tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8590/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gonadal stromal tumor, NOS"}]}}{"C4862":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","code":"C4862","definitions":[{"description":"A sex cord-stromal tumor that occurs in the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is composed of granulosa cells, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, theca cells, and fibroblasts. Representative examples include thecoma, fibroma, Sertoli cell tumor, and granulosa cell tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Ovarian stromal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0600113"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Sex_Cord-Stromal_Tumor"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ovarian stromal tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8590/1"}]}}{"C66748":{"preferredName":"Unclassified Testicular Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","code":"C66748","definitions":[{"description":"A sex cord-stromal tumor of the testis in which the neoplastic cells do not show specific differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumor, Incompletely Differentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor, incompletely differentiated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Testicular Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumor with Indeterminate Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumor, Incompletely Differentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unclassified Testicular Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unclassified Testicular Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266102"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8591/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sex_Cord-Gonadal_Stromal_Tumor_Incompletely_Differentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor, incompletely differentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8591/1"}]}}{"C66991":{"preferredName":"Mixed Testicular Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","code":"C66991","definitions":[{"description":"A sex cord-stromal tumor of the testis which may contain any combination of cell types, for example Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and granulosa cells. Symptoms include testicular swelling and gynecomastia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Testicular Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Testicular Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumor, Mixed Forms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor, mixed forms","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Testicular Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumor, Mixed Forms","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266103"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8592/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Testicular_Sex_Cord-Gonadal_Stromal_Tumor_Mixed_Forms"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor, mixed forms"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8592/1"}]}}{"C66749":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Stromal Tumor with Minor Sex Cord Elements","code":"C66749","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, benign sex cord-stromal tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of a fibrothecomatous stroma and scattered sex cord elements. Although it is usually hormonally inactive, cases associated with endometrial hyperplasia or adenocarcinoma have been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Stromal Tumor with Minor Sex Cord Elements","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stromal Tumor with Minor Sex Cord Elements","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stromal tumor with minor sex cord elements","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883177"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8593/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stromal_Tumor_with_Minor_Sex_Cord_Elements"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stromal tumor with minor sex cord elements"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8593/1"}]}}{"C3405":{"preferredName":"Thecoma","code":"C3405","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian or testicular stromal tumor characterized by the presence of lipid-rich neoplastic spindle cells. In females, uterine bleeding is the most common symptom. A minority of post-menopausal women with thecoma have an associated endometrial adenocarcinoma or rarely a malignant mixed mullerian tumor or endometrial stromal sarcoma. Rare cases with nuclear atypia and mitotic activity may metastasize. In males, thecomas are rare and they usually present as slow growing, sometimes painful masses. Metastases have not been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thecoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thecoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039747"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8600/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thecoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Theca cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thecoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8600/0"}]}}{"C6929":{"preferredName":"Malignant Ovarian Thecoma","code":"C6929","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant sex-cord neoplasm of the ovary, originating from theca cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A thecoma of the ovary which may metastasize to another anatomic site. It is usually characterized by nuclear atypia and mitotic activity. Malignant thecomas are rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Thecal Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Thecal Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Thecal Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Thecal Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Thecoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Thecoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecal Cell Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecoma of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecoma of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecoma of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Thecoma of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THECOMA, OVARIAN, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thecoma, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thecoma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334398"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8600/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Thecoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thecoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8600/3"}]}}{"C4203":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Luteinized Thecoma","code":"C4203","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of ovarian thecoma characterized by the presence of lutein cells. It is associated with a lower frequency of estrogenic manifestations compared to typical thecomas. In a minority of cases androgenic manifestations are present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Luteinized Ovarian Thecoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luteinized Thecoma of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luteinized Thecoma of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Luteinized Thecoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thecoma, luteinized","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334399"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8601/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Luteinized_Thecoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thecoma, luteinized"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8601/0"}]}}{"C4204":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Sclerosing Stromal Tumor","code":"C4204","definitions":[{"description":"A benign ovarian stromal tumor characterized by the presence of cellular areas which contain fibroblasts and round cells. The cellular areas are separated by sclerotic or edematous hypocellular tissue. Symptoms include abdominal discomfort and menstrual abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Sclerosing Stromal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sclerosing Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Stromal Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Stromal Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Stromal Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Stromal Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334400"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8602/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Sclerosing_Stromal_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sclerosing stromal tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8602/0"}]}}{"C3202":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Stromal Luteoma","code":"C3202","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the ovary, composed of leuteinized granulosa-theca cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign ovarian stromal tumor in which more than 90% of the tumor cells resemble steroid hormone-secreting cells. Crystals of Reinke are not present. It occurs in post-menopausal women and it is usually associated with estrogenic effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LUTEOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Luteal Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Luteal Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luteal Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Luteal Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luteinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Luteinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Luteinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Luteoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Luteoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Stroma Luteoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ovarian Stromal Luteoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024167"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8610/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Luteoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Luteinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Luteoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8610/0"}]}}{"C66750":{"preferredName":"Adult Type Granulosa Cell Tumor","code":"C66750","definitions":[{"description":"A granulosa cell tumor occurring in the ovary and rarely in the testis. It is composed of granulosa cells in an often fibrothecomatous stroma. The neoplastic cells may form various patterns including the microfollicular, which is characterized by the presence of Call-Exner bodies, macrofollicular, insular, trabecular, and diffuse pattern. In females, it affects middle aged to post-menopausal women. Signs and symptoms include abdominal mass, hemoperitoneum, and ascites. Estrogenic and rarely androgenic manifestations may be present. The vast majority of cases present as stage I tumors; however, all tumors have a potential for aggressive clinical course. In males, it is reported in the age range of 16-76 years and the average age at presentation is 44 years. A minority of patients have gynecomastia. Metastases have been reported in a minority of patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Type Granulosa Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult granulosa cell tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Granulosa cell tumor, adult type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879643"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8620/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adult_Type_Granulosa_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adult granulosa cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granulosa cell tumor, adult type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8620/1"}]}}{"C3070":{"preferredName":"Granulosa Cell Tumor","code":"C3070","definitions":[{"description":"A slow-growing, malignant tumor that is characterized by the presence of granulosa-like cells, and which is almost always found in the ovary. In rare cases, it has also been found in the testicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of slow-growing, malignant tumor that usually affects the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A slow-growing, malignant tumor, characterized by the presence of granulosa-like cells and Call-Exner bodies, that is almost always found in the ovary. In rare cases, it has also been found in the testicle. There are two types of granulosa cell tumors that can be distinguished under the microscope: the adult and the juvenile. The testicular juvenile granulosa cell tumors are perhaps the most common congenital testicular neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Granulosa Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granulosa Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granulosa Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"granulosa cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018206"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Granulosa_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Granulosa Cell Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granulosa cell tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8620/1"}]}}{"C4205":{"preferredName":"Malignant Granulosa Cell Tumor","code":"C4205","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the ovary, originating from granulosa cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A granulosa cell tumor which has an aggressive clinical course and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GRANULOSA CELL TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Granulosa cell carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Granulosa cell tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Granulosa Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Granulosa Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Granulosa Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334401"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8620/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Granulosa_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granulosa cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granulosa cell tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8620/3"}]}}{"C66751":{"preferredName":"Granulosa Cell-Theca Cell Tumor","code":"C66751","definitions":[{"description":"A general term used to describe sex cord-stromal tumors characterized by the presence of granulosa cells in a thecomatous/fibrothecomatous background.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Granulosa Cell-Theca Cell Tumor","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granulosa cell-theca cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334402"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8621/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Granulosa_Cell-Theca_Cell_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granulosa cell-theca cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Theca cell-granulosa cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8621/1"}]}}{"C4207":{"preferredName":"Juvenile Type Granulosa Cell Tumor","code":"C4207","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of tumor derived from the granulosa cells in the ovary or testis. Ninety percent of girls with the tumor will have low stage disease, which is curable with surgery alone. In males, it usually presents in infancy (median age, 6 days), which is treated with surgery alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A granulosa cell tumor occurring in the ovary and testis. In females it occurs predominantly in the first three decades of life and presents unilaterally as stage I disease in the vast majority of cases. It is characterized by the presence of granulosa cells forming macrofollicular structures. The majority of cases have a good prognosis. In males it represents the most frequent congenital testicular neoplasm and the vast majority of cases occur in the perinatal period. It presents as a scrotal or abdominal mass and it more often affects the left testis. Approximately 20% of the patients have ambiguous external genitalia. It is characterized by the presence of cystic spaces lined by granulosa cells and cells resembling theca cells. Metastases have not been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Granulosa cell tumor, juvenile","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Juvenile Type Granulosa Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Type Granulosa Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Type Granulosa Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334403"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8622/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Juvenile_Granulosa_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Juvenile Type Granulosa Cell Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granulosa cell tumor, juvenile"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8622/1"}]}}{"C4208":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Sex Cord Tumor with Annular Tubules","code":"C4208","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor characterized by the presence of Sertoli cells forming annular tubules. It may be associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Cases associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome have followed a benign clinical course. Cases which are not associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome have been reported having a clinically malignant course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Sertoli Cell Tumor, Annular Tubular Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sex Cord Neoplasm with Annular Tubules","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sex Cord Tumor with Annular Tubules","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sex cord tumor with annular tubules","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519276"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8623/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sex_Cord_Tumor_with_Annular_Tubules"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sex cord tumor with annular tubules"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8623/1"}]}}{"C67012":{"preferredName":"Benign Sertoli Cell Tumor","code":"C67012","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the testis or ovary, originating from Sertoli cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A Sertoli cell tumor of the testis or the ovary which remains localized and does not metastasize to another anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Androblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Sertoli Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERTOLI CELL TUMOR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334405"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8630/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Sertoli_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Androblastoma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Arrhenoblastoma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8630/0"}]}}{"C39976":{"preferredName":"Sertoli Cell Tumor","code":"C39976","definitions":[{"description":"A sex cord-stromal tumor of the testis or the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of Sertoli cells forming tubules. Leydig cells are rare or absent. It may be associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A sex cord-stromal tumor of the testis or the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of Sertoli cells forming tubules. Leydig cells are rare or absent. It may be associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. In males, the presenting symptom is a slow growing testicular mass. Most cases follow a benign clinical course. In females it may present with estrogenic or androgenic manifestations. The vast majority of cases have a benign clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sertoli Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Sertoli cell adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sertoli cell tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036769"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8640/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8630/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sertoli_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Sertoli Cell Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli cell tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli cell adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tubular androblastoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Testicular adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8640/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Androblastoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pick tubular adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Arrhenoblastoma, NOS"}]}}{"C67006":{"preferredName":"Malignant Sertoli Cell Tumor","code":"C67006","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the testis or ovary, originating from Sertoli cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A Sertoli cell tumor that arises from the testis or the ovary. It is characterized by nuclear pleomorphism, increased mitotic activity and necrotic changes. Metastases may be present at diagnosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Androblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Sertoli Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SERTOLI CELL TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sertoli cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334406"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8640/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8630/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Sertoli_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Arrhenoblastoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli cell carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8640/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Androblastoma, malignant"}]}}{"C4209":{"preferredName":"Well Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","code":"C4209","definitions":[{"description":"A Sertoli-Leydig tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of Sertoli cells in tubules without evidence of significant nuclear atypia or mitotic activity. Primitive gonadal stromal cells are not present. It usually follows a benign clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, well differentiated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL415114"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8631/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Androblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, well differentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8631/0"}]}}{"C39968":{"preferredName":"Moderately Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","code":"C39968","definitions":[{"description":"A Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped gonadal stromal cells and Sertoli cells, some of which are atypical. Leydig cells are also present forming clusters at the periphery of the cellular aggregates. Metastases have been reported in a minority of patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intermediate Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moderately Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of intermediate differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512860"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8631/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intermediate_Differentiated_Ovarian_Sertoli-Leydig_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of intermediate differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of intermediate differentiation, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8631/1"}]}}{"C2880":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","code":"C2880","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant sex cord-stromal tumor arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic Leydig cells. It may be associated with trisomy 8.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare type of ovarian tumor in which the tumor cells secrete a male sex hormone. This may cause virilization (the appearance of male physical characteristics in females).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant sex cord-stromal tumor arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic Leydig cells. Signs and symptoms include hirsutism, menorrhagia and metrorrhagia. It may be associated with trisomy 8.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Androblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arrhenoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of the ovary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"androblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"arrhenoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003810"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Androblastoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Androblastoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8631/1"}]}}{"C4210":{"preferredName":"Poorly Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","code":"C4210","definitions":[{"description":"A Sertoli-Leydig tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of a sarcomatoid stroma which contains primitive gonadal stromal cells. It may behave in a malignant fashion and metastasize to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, poorly differentiated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879314"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8631/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Androblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, poorly differentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8631/3"}]}}{"C3072":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Gynandroblastoma","code":"C3072","definitions":[{"description":"A rare neoplasm arising from the ovary. Although it may occur at any age, it is more often seen in young females. Morphologically, it is characterized by a mixture of two cellular populations: well differentiated Sertoli cells and granulosa cells, with the latter constituting at least ten percent of the neoplasm. The vast majority of cases are stage I lesions at presentation and produce either estrogenic or androgenic manifestations. Although it may present as a massive ovarian tumor, it usually follows a benign clinical course. Very rare case reports of testicular lesions morphologically resembling gynandroblastomas are in fact variants of juvenile granulose cell tumor, or Sertoli cell tumor, or a combination of both.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gynandroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gynandroblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gynandroblastoma of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gynandroblastoma of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Gynandroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018413"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8632/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gynandroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8632/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gynandroblastoma"}]}}{"C39974":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor with Retiform Elements","code":"C39974","definitions":[{"description":"A Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor characterized by the presence of spaces that resemble rete testis (retiform elements). These spaces form anastomosing patterns and comprise at least ten percent but less than ninety percent of the tumor. When the retiform elements comprise ninety percent or more of the tumor, the term retiform Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor is used. A minority of patients may have an aggressive clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor with Retiform Elements","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, retiform","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518731"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Sertoli-Leydig_Cell_Tumor_with_Retiform_Elements"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, retiform"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8633/1"}]}}{"C39972":{"preferredName":"Moderately Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor, Variant with Heterologous Elements","code":"C39972","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of intermediate differentiation, characterized by the presence of a heterologous component, usually consisting of cartilage, skeletal muscle, or rhabdomyosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intermediate Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor, Variant with Heterologous Elements","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Moderately Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor, Variant with Heterologous Elements","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, intermediate differentiation, with heterologous elements","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512861"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8634/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intermediate_Differentiated_Ovarian_Sertoli-Leydig_Cell_Tumor_Variant_with_Heterologous_Elements"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, intermediate differentiation, with heterologous elements"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8634/1"}]}}{"C39973":{"preferredName":"Poorly Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor, Variant with Heterologous Elements","code":"C39973","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian poorly differentiated Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor. It is characterized by the presence of a heterologous component, usually consisting of cartilage, skeletal muscle, or rhabdomyosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor, Variant with Heterologous Elements","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, poorly differentiated, with heterologous elements","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514226"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8634/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Poorly_Differentiated_Ovarian_Sertoli-Leydig_Cell_Tumor_Variant_with_Heterologous_Elements"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, poorly differentiated, with heterologous elements"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8634/3"}]}}{"C4211":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Sertoli Cell Tumor with Lipid Storage","code":"C4211","definitions":[{"description":"A Sertoli cell tumor that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of cells that are distended by the presence of intracytoplasmic lipid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Sertoli Cell Tumor with Lipid Storage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sertoli cell tumor with lipid storage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883404"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tubular_Androblastoma_with_Lipid_Storage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sertoli cell tumor with lipid storage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8641/0"}]}}{"C39944":{"preferredName":"Testicular Large Cell Calcifying Sertoli Cell Tumor","code":"C39944","definitions":[{"description":"A testicular Sertoli cell tumor characterized by the presence of large polygonal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm in a myxoid and hyalinized stroma. Calcifications may be present in the stroma. Malignant behavior is uncommon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Testicular Large Cell Calcifying Sertoli Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515287"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8642/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Testicular_Large_Cell_Calcifying_Sertoli_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8642/1"}]}}{"C4212":{"preferredName":"Benign Leydig Cell Tumor","code":"C4212","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the testis originating from interstitial (Leydig) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A Leydig cell tumor which does not recur or metastasize. Morphologically, there is no evidence of cellular atypia, increased mitotic activity, necrosis, or vascular invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenoma, Interstitial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenoma, Leydig Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Interstitial Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Interstitial Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Interstitial Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Interstitial Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Leydig Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Leydig Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interstitial cell tumor, benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"LEYDIG CELL TUMOR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leydig cell tumor, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334409"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8650/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Leydig_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Interstitial cell tumor, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leydig cell tumor, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8650/0"}]}}{"C3188":{"preferredName":"Leydig Cell Tumor","code":"C3188","definitions":[{"description":"A sex cord-stromal tumor, comprising Leydig cells, either predominantly or completely, occurring in the testis and rarely in the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A sex cord-stromal tumor occurring in the testis and rarely in the ovary. It is predominantly or completely composed of Leydig cells which may contain crystals of Reinke. In males it usually presents as a painless testicular enlargement and it may be associated with gynecomastia and decreased libido. The majority of the cases have a benign clinical course. Approximately 10% of the cases have a malignant clinical course and metastasize. In females it may be associated with androgenic manifestations and it follows a benign clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Interstitial Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interstitial Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leydig Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023601"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8650/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leydig_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Leydig Cell Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Interstitial cell tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leydig cell tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8650/1"}]}}{"C4213":{"preferredName":"Malignant Leydig Cell Tumor","code":"C4213","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the testis originating from interstitial (Leydig) cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A Leydig cell tumor characterized by large tumor size, the presence of cytologic atypia, increased mitotic activity, necrosis, and vascular invasion. Approximately 10% of the testicular Leydig cell tumors show malignant characteristics and metastasize. Leydig cell tumors of the ovary follow a benign clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma, Leydig Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Interstitial cell tumor, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"LEYDIG CELL TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leydig cell tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Interstitial Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Interstitial Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Interstitial Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Interstitial Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Leydig Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Leydig Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Leydig Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334410"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8650/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Leydig_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Interstitial cell tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leydig cell tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8650/3"}]}}{"C4214":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Hilus Cell Tumor","code":"C4214","definitions":[{"description":"A benign Leydig cell tumor which arises in the hilar area of the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hilar Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hilar Cell Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hilar Cell Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hilar cell tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hilus Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hilus Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hilus cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ovarian Hilar Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Hilus Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346179"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8660/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hilar_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hilar cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hilus cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8660/0"}]}}{"C4215":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumor","code":"C4215","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian tumor in which the vast majority of the cells (more than 90% of the tumor cells) resemble steroid hormone-secreting cells. It usually presents with androgenic manifestations. Approximately one-third of the cases follow a malignant clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lipid Cell Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Cell Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Cell Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid Cell Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid cell tumor of ovary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ovarian Lipid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Lipid Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Lipoid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Steroid Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Steroid Cell Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Steroid Cell Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334412"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8670/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Steroid_Cell_Tumor_of_the_Ovary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Masculinovoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lipoid cell tumor of ovary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Steroid cell tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8670/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lipid cell tumor of ovary"}]}}{"C39981":{"preferredName":"Malignant Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumor","code":"C39981","definitions":[{"description":"A steroid tumor of the ovary which has an aggressive clinical course and metastasizes to other anatomic sites. It is usually of large size and is characterized by nuclear atypia, increased mitotic activity, hemorrhage, and necrosis. Sometimes, patients have abdominal metastases at presentation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Steroid cell tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2212011"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8670/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Ovarian_Steroid_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Steroid cell tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8670/3"}]}}{"C2860":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Rest Tumor","code":"C2860","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, testicular or ovarian tumor, derived from adrenal embryonic rest cells. It is composed of hyperplastic adrenal cortical tissue, and it is associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Rest Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Rest Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal rest tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001630"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8671/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adrenal_Rest_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal rest tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8671/0"}]}}{"C48314":{"preferredName":"Benign Paraganglioma","code":"C48314","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from paraganglia located along nerves composed of neoplastic neuroectodermal chromaffin cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A paraganglioma that is confined to the site of origin, without metastatic potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Neuroendocrine Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Paraganglionic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Paraganglionic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARAGANGLIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346416"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8680/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Paraganglionic_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paraganglioma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8680/0"}]}}{"C3308":{"preferredName":"Paraganglioma","code":"C3308","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, usually benign tumor that develops from cells of the paraganglia. Paraganglia are a collection of cells that came from embryonic nervous tissue, and are found near the adrenal glands and some blood vessels and nerves. Paragangliomas that develop in the adrenal gland are called pheochromocytomas. Those that develop outside of the adrenal glands near blood vessels or nerves are called glomus tumors or chemodectomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from paraganglia located along the sympathetic or parasympathetic nerves. Infrequently, it may arise outside the usual distribution of the sympathetic and parasympathetic paraganglia. Tumors arising from the adrenal gland medulla are called pheochromocytomas. Morphologically, paragangliomas usually display a nesting (Zellballen) growth pattern. There are no reliable morphologic criteria to distinguish between benign and malignant paragangliomas. The only definitive indicator of malignancy is the presence of regional or distant metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm of Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Paraganglion Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglion Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglionic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglionic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030421"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8680/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Paraganglionic_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paraganglioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8680/1"}]}}{"C8559":{"preferredName":"Malignant Paraganglioma","code":"C8559","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from paraganglia located along nerves composed of neoplastic neuroectodermal chromaffin cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A paraganglioma that metastasizes to regional or distant anatomic sites. Extraadrenal paragangliomas have a higher tendency to metastasize, as compared to pheochromocytomas. Common sites of metastasis include the lymph nodes, lungs, bones, and liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglion Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglion Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglion Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglionic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Paraganglionic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Paraganglion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PARAGANGLIOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Paraganglion Neoplasm, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1533592"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8680/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Paraganglionic_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Aortic body and other paraganglia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paraganglioma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8680/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of aortic body and other paraganglia"}]}}{"C4216":{"preferredName":"Sympathetic Paraganglioma","code":"C4216","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant paraganglioma arising from the chromaffin cells of the paraganglia that are located along the sympathetic nerves. It includes extra-adrenal paragangliomas and paragangliomas that arise from the adrenal medulla. The latter are commonly referred to as pheochromocytomas. Representative examples of extra-adrenal sympathetic paragangliomas include the bladder, and superior and inferior paraaortic paragangliomas. Clinical signs are related to the secretion of catecholamines resulting in hypertension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chromaffin Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromaffin Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chromaffin tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chromaffinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chromaffinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sympathetic Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sympathetic Paraganglionic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sympathetic paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334415"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8681/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sympathetic_Paraganglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chromaffin tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sympathetic paraganglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8700/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chromaffinoma"}]}}{"C4217":{"preferredName":"Parasympathetic Paraganglioma","code":"C4217","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant, usually non-functioning, extra-adrenal paraganglioma that arises from paraganglia located along the parasympathetic nerves. Representative examples include aorticopulmonary, carotid body, jugulotympanic, and mediastinal paragangliomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Parasympathetic Extra-Adrenal Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parasympathetic Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parasympathetic Paraganglionic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parasympathetic paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334416"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8682/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Parasympathetic_Paraganglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Parasympathetic paraganglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8682/1"}]}}{"C3061":{"preferredName":"Jugulotympanic Paraganglioma","code":"C3061","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant extra-adrenal parasympathetic paraganglioma arising from paraganglia in the base of the skull and middle ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glomus Jugulare Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glomus Jugulare Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jugular Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jugular paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Jugulotympanic Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jugulotympanic paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Glomus Jugulare","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Glomus Jugulare","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Glomus Jugulare","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Glomus Jugulare","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017671"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8690/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Jugulotympanic_Paraganglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Jugular paraganglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Jugulotympanic paraganglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8690/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glomus jugulare tumor, NOS"}]}}{"C4218":{"preferredName":"Aorticopulmonary Paraganglioma","code":"C4218","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant extra-adrenal parasympathetic paraganglioma that arises from paraganglia adjacent to the base of the heart and great vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aortic Body Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aortic Body Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aortic Body Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aortic body paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Aortic body tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Aorticopulmonary Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aorticopulmonary paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Aortic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Aortic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma of Aortic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma of the Aortic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Aortic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Aortic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334417"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8691/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aortic_Body_Paraganglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aortic body tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aorticopulmonary paraganglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8691/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aortic body paraganglioma"}]}}{"C2932":{"preferredName":"Carotid Body Paraganglioma","code":"C2932","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant extra-adrenal parasympathetic paraganglioma arising from paraganglia adjacent to or in the bifurcation of the common carotid artery. Most patients present with a slow growing, painless mass in the neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carotid Body Chemodectoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carotid Body Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carotid Body Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carotid body paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Carotid body tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chemodectoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chemodectoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma of Carotid Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paraganglioma of the Carotid Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Carotid Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Carotid Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007279"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8692/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carotid_Body_Paraganglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carotid body tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chemodectoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8693/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carotid body paraganglioma"}]}}{"C3309":{"preferredName":"Extra-Adrenal Paraganglioma","code":"C3309","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant paraganglioma arising from sympathetic or parasympathetic paraganglia outside the adrenal gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extra-Adrenal Paraganglioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Extra-Adrenal Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extra-Adrenal Paraganglionic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extra-adrenal paraganglioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Extraadrenal Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL497918"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8693/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Extra-Adrenal_Paraganglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Extra-adrenal paraganglioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8693/1"}]}}{"C4219":{"preferredName":"Malignant Extra-Adrenal Paraganglioma","code":"C4219","definitions":[{"description":"An extra-adrenal paraganglioma that metastasizes to regional or distant anatomic sites. Common sites of metastasis include the lymph nodes, lungs, bones, and liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extra-adrenal paraganglioma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Extra-Adrenal Paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonchromaffin paraganglioma, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334418"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8693/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Extra-Adrenal_Paraganglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Extra-adrenal paraganglioma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nonchromaffin paraganglioma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8693/3"}]}}{"C3326":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma","code":"C3326","definitions":[{"description":"Tumor that forms in the center of the adrenal gland (gland located above the kidney) that causes it to make too much adrenaline. Pheochromocytomas are usually benign (not cancer) but can cause high blood pressure, pounding headaches, heart palpitations, flushing of the face, nausea, and vomiting.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm of the sympathetic nervous system that secretes catecholamines. It arises from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. Clinical presentation includes headaches, palpitations, chest and abdominal pain, hypertension, fever, and tremor. Microscopically, a characteristic nesting (zellballen) growth pattern is usually seen. Other growth patterns including trabecular pattern may also be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Chromaffinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adrenal Medullary Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Medullary Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adrenal medullary paraganglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chromaffin Paraganglioma of the Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraadrenal Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pheochromocytoma (adrenal)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0031511"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8700/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pheochromocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chromaffin paraganglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pheochromocytoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8700/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal medullary paraganglioma"}]}}{"C4220":{"preferredName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma","code":"C4220","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the adrenal gland medulla.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A pheochromocytoma that metastasizes to other anatomic sites. Common sites of metastasis include lymph nodes, bones, liver, and lung. Morphologic features associated with malignant pheochromocytomas include: atypical mitotic figures, capsular and vascular invasion, tumor cell necrosis, and high mitotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal medullary paraganglioma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Chromaffinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Medullary Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Medullary Paraganglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Medullary Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Medullary Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Adrenal Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Pheochromocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pheochromoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pheochromoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pheochromoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pheochromocytoma, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334419"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8700/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Pheochromocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pheochromoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pheochromocytoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8700/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adrenal medullary paraganglioma, malignant"}]}}{"C4221":{"preferredName":"Malignant Glomus Tumor","code":"C4221","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare morphologic variant of glomus tumor with a size greater than 2 cm. The tumor arises in subfascial or visceral tissues. It is characterized by the presence of atypical mitotic figures, or marked nuclear atypia, or the combination of both. It has an aggressive clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glomangiosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Glomangiosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glomus tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Glomus Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Glomus Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266111"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8711/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8710/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Glomus_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glomoid sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glomangiosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glomus tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8710/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8711/3"}]}}{"C3060":{"preferredName":"Glomus Tumor","code":"C3060","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from cells that resemble the modified smooth muscle cells of the glomus body. The majority of glomus tumors occur in the distal extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glomus Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glomus Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Glomus Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017653"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8711/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glomus_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glomus tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8711/0"}]}}{"C4222":{"preferredName":"Glomangioma","code":"C4222","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of the glomus tumor characterized by the presence of dilated veins, surrounded by small clusters of glomus cells. Glomangiomas are most often present in patients with multiple lesions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glomangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Glomangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334421"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8712/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glomangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8712/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glomangioma"}]}}{"C4223":{"preferredName":"Glomangiomyoma","code":"C4223","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of the glomus tumor with architectural features similar to solid glomus tumor. It is characterized by the presence of elongated glomus cells which resemble mature smooth muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glomangiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Glomangiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glomuvenous Malformation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334422"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8713/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glomangiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8713/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glomangiomyoma"}]}}{"C27816":{"preferredName":"Pigmented Nevus","code":"C27816","definitions":[{"description":"A nevus characterised by the presence of excessive pigment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pigmented Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented nevus, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3665593"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8720/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pigmented_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pigmented nevus, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8720/0"}]}}{"C3074":{"preferredName":"Hairy Nevus","code":"C3074","definitions":[{"description":"A usually benign congenital skin growth that is often pigmented and sometimes develop coarse surface hair. There is a lifetime risk of transformation to malignant melanoma which varies depending on the size of the lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hair Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hairy Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hairy nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nevoid Hypertrichosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018508"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hairy_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hairy nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8720/0"}]}}{"C7570":{"preferredName":"Melanocytic Nevus","code":"C7570","definitions":[{"description":"A benign (not cancer) growth on the skin that is formed by a cluster of melanocytes (cells that make a substance called melanin, which gives color to skin and eyes). A mole is usually dark and may be raised from the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neoplasm composed of melanocytes that usually appears as a dark spot on the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Melanocytic Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytic nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Melanotic Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027960"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Melanocytic_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanocytic nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nevus, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8720/0"}]}}{"C8423":{"preferredName":"Stage 0 Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v6 and v7","code":"C8423","definitions":[{"description":"Abnormal melanocytes (cells that make melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color) are found in the epidermis (outer layer of the skin). These abnormal melanocytes may become cancer and spread into nearby normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Melanoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastases. M0: No detectable evidence of distant metastases. (from AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous Melanoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Cutaneous Melanoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Melanoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Melanoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Melanoma in situ of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma in situ of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Melanoma in situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Cutaneous Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v6 and v7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v6 and v7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Malignant Cutaneous Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Malignant Skin Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Melanoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Melanoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Skin Melanoma AJCC v6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Skin Melanoma AJCC v6 and v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Skin Melanoma AJCC v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"melanoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"stage 0 melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346040"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8720/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stage_0_Melanoma_of_the_Skin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanoma in situ of scalp and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanoma in situ of other sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanoma in situ, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanoma in situ"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8720/2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanoma in situ of other part of trunk"}]}}{"C4225":{"preferredName":"Cutaneous Nodular Melanoma","code":"C4225","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive form of melanoma, frequently metastasizing to the lymph nodes. It presents as a papular or nodular raised skin lesion. It comprises approximately 10-15% of melanomas. Morphologically, it often displays an epithelioid appearance.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous Nodular Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nodular Malignant Melanoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Malignant Melanoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Malignant Skin Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Nodular melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334424"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8721/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nodular_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8721/3"}]}}{"C4226":{"preferredName":"Balloon Cell Nevus","code":"C4226","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon variant of melanocytic nevus. It presents as a small pigmented skin lesion. It is characterized by the presence of large melanocytes with clear, foamy or finely vacuolated cytoplasm. It may recur if it is not completely excised.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Balloon Cell Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balloon cell nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334425"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8722/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Balloon_Cell_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Balloon cell nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8722/0"}]}}{"C4227":{"preferredName":"Balloon Cell Melanoma","code":"C4227","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of melanoma with a vertical growth phase. It presents as a nodular or polypoid skin lesion. It is characterized by the presence of nodules which contain large melanoma cells with clear, foamy or finely vacuolated cytoplasm. The prognosis is similar to that of other melanomas matched for depth of invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Balloon Cell Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Balloon Cell Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balloon Cell Malignant Melanoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balloon Cell Malignant Melanoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balloon Cell Malignant Skin Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balloon Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balloon Cell Skin Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Balloon cell melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334426"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8722/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Balloon_Cell_Malignant_Skin_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Balloon cell melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8722/3"}]}}{"C7602":{"preferredName":"Halo Nevus","code":"C7602","definitions":[{"description":"A melanocytic nevus characterized by circumferential depigmentation. It is usually associated with a brisk lymphocytic infiltrate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Halo Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Halo nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Leukoderma Acquisitum Centrifugum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perinevoid Leukoderma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perinevoid Vitiligo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sutton Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0474824"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8723/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Halo_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Halo nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8723/0"}]}}{"C7603":{"preferredName":"Regressing Nevus","code":"C7603","definitions":[{"description":"A nevus associated with focal regression-like changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Regressing Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Regressing nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1377589"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Regressing_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Regressing nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8723/0"}]}}{"C4228":{"preferredName":"Regressing Melanoma","code":"C4228","definitions":[{"description":"A skin lesion characterized by the disappearance of the melanoma cells from the primary melanoma site. The disappearance of the malignant cells is associated with fibroplasia of the papillary dermis. According to some authors, complete regression of the primary melanoma may occur in 4-8% of patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant melanoma, regressing","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Regressing Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Regressing Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Regressing Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334427"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8723/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Regressing_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant melanoma, regressing"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8723/3"}]}}{"C4229":{"preferredName":"Neuronevus","code":"C4229","definitions":[{"description":"An intradermal nevus characterized by the presence of nests of atrophic nevus cells which are hyalinized and resemble nerve bundles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neural Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuronevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neuronevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334430"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8725/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neuronevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8725/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neuronevus"}]}}{"C9498":{"preferredName":"Melanocytoma","code":"C9498","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplastic melanocytic proliferation affecting the meninges or the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Magnocellular Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Magnocellular nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Melanocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334431"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Melanocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Magnocellular nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanocytoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8726/0"}]}}{"C4230":{"preferredName":"Optic Disc Melanocytoma","code":"C4230","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplastic melanocytic proliferation within or adjacent to the optic disk. It presents as a pigmented, intraocular tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Melanocytoma of Eyeball","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytoma of the Eyeball","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytoma, eyeball","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Optic Disc Melanocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2004458"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8726/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Melanocytoma_of_the_Eyeball"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanocytoma, eyeball"}]}}{"C3694":{"preferredName":"Dysplastic Nevus","code":"C3694","definitions":[{"description":"A type of nevus (mole) that looks different from a common mole. A dysplastic nevus is often larger with borders that are not easy to see. Its color is usually uneven and can range from pink to dark brown. Parts of the mole may be raised above the skin surface. A dysplastic nevus may develop into malignant melanoma (a type of skin cancer).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Solitary or multiple, slightly raised pigmented melanocytic lesions with irregular borders, usually measuring more than 0.6cm in greatest dimension. Morphologically, there is melanocytic atypia and the differential diagnosis from melanoma may be difficult. Patients are at an increased risk for the development of melanoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clark Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clark's Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysplastic Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysplastic nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lentiginous Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NAD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nevus with Architectural Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nevus with Architectural Disorder and Cytologic Atypia of Melanocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dysplastic nevi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"dysplastic nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205748"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8727/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dysplastic_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dysplastic nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8727/0"}]}}{"C6890":{"preferredName":"Meningeal Melanocytosis","code":"C6890","definitions":[{"description":"A diffuse or multifocal proliferation of uniform nevoid polygonal cells in the leptomeninges. Cells may spread into the Virchow-Robin spaces without frank invasion of the brain. Diffuse melanocytosis carries a poor prognosis even in the absence of histologic malignancy. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Melanocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Melanosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Meningeal Melanocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse melanocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Meningeal Melanocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266112"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8728/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diffuse_Melanocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse melanocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meningeal melanocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8728/0"}]}}{"C4662":{"preferredName":"Meningeal Melanocytoma","code":"C4662","definitions":[{"description":"A usually well differentiated melanocytic neoplasm arising from the meninges. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid, fusiform, polyhedral, and spindle melanocytes without evidence of hemorrhage, necrosis, or high mitotic activity. Presenting symptoms include headache, vomiting, and neurological manifestations. Complete excision is usually curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leptomeningeal Melanocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytoma of Meninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytoma of the Meninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningeal Melanocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningeal melanocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Meninges Melanocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266113"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8728/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Meningeal_Melanocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meningeal melanocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8728/1"}]}}{"C6891":{"preferredName":"Meningeal Melanomatosis","code":"C6891","definitions":[{"description":"A meningeal melanoma with secondary diffuse meningeal spread. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leptomeningeal Melanomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningeal Melanomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Meningeal Melanomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningeal melanomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266114"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8728/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Meningeal_Melanomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meningeal melanomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8728/3"}]}}{"C27095":{"preferredName":"Nonpigmented Nevus","code":"C27095","definitions":[{"description":"A benign nevus characterized by the absence of melanin pigment in the melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nonpigmented Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nonpigmented nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334432"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8730/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nonpigmented_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Achromic nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nonpigmented nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8730/0"}]}}{"C3802":{"preferredName":"Amelanotic Melanoma","code":"C3802","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of melanocytes, which lack melanin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of skin cancer in which the cells do not make melanin. Skin lesions are often irregular and may be pink, red, or have light brown, tan, or gray at the edges.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A melanoma characterized by the complete absence of melanin pigment in the melanoma cells. It occurs more frequently on the face and it is often associated with desmoplastic reaction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Amelanotic Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Amelanotic Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Amelanotic Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Amelanotic melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"MELANOMA, AMELANOTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"amelanotic melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206735"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8730/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Amelanotic_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Amelanotic melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8730/3"}]}}{"C4231":{"preferredName":"Junctional Nevus","code":"C4231","definitions":[{"description":"A type of nevus (mole) found at the junction (border) between the epidermis (outer) and the dermis (inner) layers of the skin. These moles may be colored and slightly raised.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nevus characterized by the presence of an intraepidermal proliferation of nevus cells. The nevus cells form multiple nests in the dermal-epidermal junction. It presents as a small, slightly raised, pigmented skin lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraepidermal Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepidermal Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepidermal Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraepidermal nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Junction Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junction nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Junctional Melanocytic Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junctional Melanocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junctional Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junctional Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junctional Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junctional Skin Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Junctional nevus, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"junctional nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334433"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8740/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Junction_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Junction nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Junctional nevus, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8740/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraepidermal nevus"}]}}{"C4232":{"preferredName":"Melanoma in Junctional Nevus","code":"C4232","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma arising from a melanocytic nevus which involves the dermal-epidermal junction of the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma in Junctional Nevus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma in Junctional Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma of Skin in Junctional Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma of the Skin in Junctional Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Melanoma in Junctional Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant melanoma in junctional nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Melanoma in Junctional Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334434"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8740/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Melanoma_in_Junctional_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant melanoma in junctional nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8740/3"}]}}{"C4233":{"preferredName":"Precancerous Melanosis","code":"C4233","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Precancerous Melanosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precancerous melanosis, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334435"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8741/2"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Precancerous_Melanosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Precancerous melanosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8741/2"}]}}{"C66753":{"preferredName":"Malignant Melanoma in Precancerous Melanosis","code":"C66753","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma arising from an atypical intraepithelial melanocytic hyperplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma in Precancerous Melanosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanoma in Precancerous Melanosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant melanoma in precancerous melanosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0431098"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8741/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Melanoma_in_Precancerous_Melanosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant melanoma in precancerous melanosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8741/3"}]}}{"C43372":{"preferredName":"Lentigo Maligna","code":"C43372","definitions":[{"description":"An atypical proliferation of atypical melanocytes in the dermal-epidermal junction, without infiltration of the papillary or reticular dermis. The melanocytic proliferation is associated with actinic damage and epidermal atrophy. It usually occurs in the sun-exposed skin of elderly people. It is a form of melanoma in situ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hutchinson Melanotic Freckle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hutchinson melanotic freckle, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LMM In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lentigo Maligna","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lentigo Maligna Melanoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lentigo maligna","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0149722"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8742/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lentigo_Maligna"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hutchinson melanotic freckle, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lentigo maligna"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8742/2"}]}}{"C9151":{"preferredName":"Lentigo Maligna Melanoma","code":"C9151","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma of the skin characterized by single cell infiltration of the papillary dermis by atypical melanocytes, in a background of lentigo maligna changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lentigo Maligna Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lentigo Maligna Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lentigo Maligna Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lentigo maligna melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Lentigo Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma in Hutchinson Melanotic Freckle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2739810"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8742/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lentigo_Maligna_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lentigo maligna melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant melanoma in Hutchinson melanotic freckle"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8742/3"}]}}{"C9152":{"preferredName":"Low-CSD Melanoma","code":"C9152","definitions":[{"description":"A type of melanoma that typically occurs in light-skinned individuals ranging in age from young adults to the elderly. Risk factors include extensive sun exposure during childhood, a family history of melanoma, and the presence of dysplastic nevi.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous Superficial Spreading Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Degree of Cumulative Sun Damage Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-CSD Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-CSD Melanoma/SSM","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-CSD Melanoma/Superficial Spreading Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non- CSD Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pagetoid Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SSM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Malignant Melanoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Malignant Melanoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Malignant Skin Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Melanoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial Spreading Melanoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superficial spreading melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334438"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8743/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Superficial_Spreading_Melanoma_of_the_Skin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Low cumulative sun damage melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Superficial spreading melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8743/3"}]}}{"C4022":{"preferredName":"Acral Lentiginous Melanoma","code":"C4022","definitions":[{"description":"A form of melanoma occurring most often on the plantar, palmar, subungual, and periungual skin. It presents as a pigmented macular lesion with irregular borders. Morphologically, it consists of atypical spindled and dendritic melanocytes. The epidermis is often hyperplastic and there is pagetoid infiltration of the epidermis by anaplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acral Lentiginous Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acral Lentiginous Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acral Lentiginous Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Acral Lentiginous Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acral Lentiginous Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acral Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acral lentiginous melanoma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346037"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8744/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acral_Lentiginous_Malignant_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acral lentiginous melanoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acral melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8744/3"}]}}{"C37257":{"preferredName":"Desmoplastic Melanoma","code":"C37257","definitions":[{"description":"A rare form of malignant melanoma marked by nonpigmented lesions on sun-exposed areas of the body, most commonly on the head and neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A melanoma of the skin characterized by a proliferation of atypical spindled melanocytes in the dermis, in a background of abundant collagen. It usually presents as an amelanotic raised nodular lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Desmoplastic Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"desmoplastic melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334439"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8745/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Desmoplastic_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Desmoplastic melanoma, amelanotic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Desmoplastic melanoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8745/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Desmoplastic melanoma, NOS"}]}}{"C48622":{"preferredName":"Mucosal Lentiginous Melanoma","code":"C48622","definitions":[{"description":"An acral lentiginous melanoma affecting mucosal surfaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucosal Lentiginous Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosal Lentiginous Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosal Lentiginous Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mucosal lentiginous melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266115"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8746/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucosal_Lentiginous_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucosal lentiginous melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8746/3"}]}}{"C3804":{"preferredName":"Dermal Nevus","code":"C3804","definitions":[{"description":"A nevus characterized by the proliferation of nevus cells in the dermis without involvement of the dermal-epidermal junction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dermal Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermal nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Intradermal Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intradermal nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206737"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8750/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intradermal_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dermal nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intradermal nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8750/0"}]}}{"C3901":{"preferredName":"Compound Nevus","code":"C3901","definitions":[{"description":"A type of mole formed by groups of nevus cells found in the epidermis and dermis (the two main layers of tissue that make up the skin).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nevus composed of neoplastic melanocytes that infiltrate both the epidermis and the dermis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Compound Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compound Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compound Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compound nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"compound nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0259781"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8760/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Compound_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Compound nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dermal and epidermal nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8760/0"}]}}{"C3944":{"preferredName":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevus","code":"C3944","definitions":[{"description":"A melanocytic nevus that is present at birth. It may present as a small macular, papular, or plaque-like lesion or as a large brown to black hairy skin lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Pigmented Melanocytic Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Congenital Pigmented Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Pigmented Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Pigmented Skin Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Skin Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1318558"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Congenital_Melanocytic_Skin_Nevus"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Congenital Melanocytic Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8761/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Congenital melanocytic nevus, NOS"}]}}{"C4234":{"preferredName":"Giant Congenital Nevus","code":"C4234","definitions":[{"description":"A rare melanocytic lesion occurring at birth, comprising at least 5% of the body surface area. It usually presents as a dark brown to black hairy lesion. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of a compound or intradermal nevus. There is an increased risk of malignant transformation to melanoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and poorly differentiated malignant tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bathing Trunk Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Congenital Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Pigmented Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Pigmented Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant pigmented nevus, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1842036"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8761/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Giant_Pigmented_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant pigmented nevus, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8761/1"}]}}{"C4235":{"preferredName":"Melanoma Arising in Giant Congenital Nevus","code":"C4235","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma arising in a giant congenital melanocytic nevus. The risk of developing a melanoma in a giant congenital melanocytic nevus has been reported to be between 5% and 50%. The incidence of developing melanoma is higher before the age of 10 and in adult life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant melanoma in congenital melanocytic nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant melanoma in giant pigmented nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Melanoma Arising in Giant Congenital Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma Arising in Giant Congenital Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883039"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8761/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Skin_Melanoma_in_Giant_Pigmented_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant melanoma in giant pigmented nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant melanoma in congenital melanocytic nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8761/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant melanoma arising in giant congenital nevus"}]}}{"C66755":{"preferredName":"Proliferative Nodules in Congenital Melanocytic Nevus","code":"C66755","definitions":[{"description":"A benign proliferation of epithelioid or spindled melanocytes usually in the upper or mid dermis in a background of congenital melanocytic nevus. The congenital melanocytic nevus is usually of the deep type, involving the dermis and extending into the subcutaneous tissue. It presents as a dark plaque or nodule above a giant congenital melanocytic nevus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Proliferative Dermal Lesion in Congenital Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferative Nodules in Congenital Melanocytic Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferative dermal lesion in congenital nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266117"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8762/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Proliferative_Dermal_Lesion_in_Congenital_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Proliferative dermal lesion in congenital nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8762/1"}]}}{"C27007":{"preferredName":"Spitz Nevus","code":"C27007","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, acquired or congenital, usually single skin lesion. It can occur on any area of the body, but most commonly occurs on the face of children and the thighs of young females. It is characterized by a proliferation of large spindle, oval, or large epithelioid melanocytes in the dermal-epidermal junction. The melanocytic proliferation subsequently extends into the dermis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Juvenile Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid and spindle cell nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Juvenile Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Spindle and/ or Epithelioid Cell Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle cell nevus, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Spitz Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spitz nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206739"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8770/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spitz_Spindle_Cell_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spindle cell nevus, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juvenile nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spitz nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid and spindle cell nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8770/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juvenile melanoma"}]}}{"C4751":{"preferredName":"Pigmented Spindle Cell Nevus","code":"C4751","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, small and slightly elevated brown or black skin lesion with usually well-demarcated borders. It is characterized by the presence of a melanocytic proliferation resulting in the formation of uniform cellular nests. Sometimes the clinical and morphologic features may be difficult to distinguish from melanoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PSCN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented Spindle Cell Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented Spindle Cell Nevus of Reed","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented Spindle Cell Variant of Spitz Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented spindle cell nevus of Reed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Reed Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Nevus of Reed","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0474967"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pigmented_Spindle_Cell_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pigmented spindle cell nevus of Reed"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8770/0"}]}}{"C66756":{"preferredName":"Mixed Epithelioid and Spindle Cell Melanoma","code":"C66756","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant large epithelioid melanocytes and malignant spindle-shaped melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Epithelioid and Spindle Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mixed Epithelioid and Spindle Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed epithelioid and spindle cell melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334442"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8770/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Epithelioid_and_Spindle_Cell_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed epithelioid and spindle cell melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8770/3"}]}}{"C66757":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Cell Nevus","code":"C66757","definitions":[{"description":"A nevus characterized by the presence of large epithelioid melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid cell nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0259820"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8771/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epithelioid_Cell_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid cell nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8771/0"}]}}{"C4236":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Cell Melanoma","code":"C4236","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant large epithelioid melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid cell melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334443"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8771/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epithelioid_Cell_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid cell melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8771/3"}]}}{"C4237":{"preferredName":"Spindle Cell Melanoma","code":"C4237","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant spindle-shaped melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Spindle Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle cell melanoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334444"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8772/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spindle_Cell_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spindle cell melanoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8772/3"}]}}{"C4238":{"preferredName":"Type A Spindle Cell Melanoma","code":"C4238","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant spindle-shaped melanocytes with slender nuclei and no visible nucleoli. Representative example is the type A spindle cell uveal melanoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Spindle Cell Type A Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Type A Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle cell melanoma, type A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Type A Spindle Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334445"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8773/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Type_A_Spindle_Cell_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spindle cell melanoma, type A"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8773/3"}]}}{"C4239":{"preferredName":"Type B Spindle Cell Melanoma","code":"C4239","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant spindle-shaped melanocytes with larger nuclei and distinct nucleoli. Representative example is the type B spindle cell uveal melanoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Spindle Cell Type B Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Type B Malignant Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle cell melanoma, type B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Type B Spindle Cell Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334446"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8774/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Type_B_Spindle_Cell_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spindle cell melanoma, type B"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8774/3"}]}}{"C3803":{"preferredName":"Blue Nevus","code":"C3803","definitions":[{"description":"An intradermal nevus characterized by the presence of benign pigmented dendritic spindle-shaped melanocytes. It most frequently occurs in the skin of the distal upper extremities, followed by the lower extremities, scalp, face, and buttocks. It usually presents as a single blue or blue-black papular lesion less than 1cm in diameter. Simple excision is usually curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blue Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blue Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blue Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blue Skin Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blue nevus, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206736"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8780/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Blue_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Blue nevus, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Jadassohn blue nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8780/0"}]}}{"C4240":{"preferredName":"Melanoma Arising from Blue Nevus","code":"C4240","definitions":[{"description":"A rare melanoma which develops in a pre-existing blue nevus. It occurs more frequently on the scalp, face, orbit, back, buttocks, extremities, hands, and feet.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blue Nevus-Like Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous (Skin) Melanoma Arising from Blue Nevus","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"MBN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Blue Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Blue Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Blue Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Cutaneous Blue Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Skin Blue Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma Arising from Blue Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma Arising from Blue Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334447"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8780/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Blue_Nevus-Like_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Blue nevus, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8780/3"}]}}{"C4241":{"preferredName":"Cellular Blue Nevus","code":"C4241","definitions":[{"description":"A blue nevus characterized by a multinodular cellular infiltrate with a dumb-bell architecture occupying the reticular dermis. The cellular infiltrate often extends into the subcutaneous tissue. The cellular infiltrate is composed of spindle-shaped melanocytes with pale cytoplasm alternating with bundles of pigmented spindle-shaped melanocytes. In occasional cases an increased mitotic activity, focal necrosis, and nuclear pleomorphism may be seen. Such cases with atypical features may have an uncertain malignant potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Blue Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular Blue Nevus of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular Blue Nevus of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular blue nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334448"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8790/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cellular_Blue_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cellular blue nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8790/0"}]}}{"C4242":{"preferredName":"Benign Soft Tissue Neoplasm","code":"C4242","definitions":[{"description":"A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the soft tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Soft Tissue Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Soft Tissue Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soft tissue tumor, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334450"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8800/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Soft_Tissue_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Soft tissue tumor, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8800/0"}]}}{"C4867":{"preferredName":"Malignant Soft Tissue Neoplasm","code":"C4867","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising exclusively from the soft tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Soft Tissue Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Soft Tissue Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Soft Tissue Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soft tissue tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL336320"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Soft_Tissue_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Connective and soft tissue of abdomen"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of upper limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Connective and soft tissue of lower limb, including hip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Connective and soft tissue of head, face and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and soft tissue of unspecified upper limb, including shoulder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of other specified sites of connective and other soft tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of other connective and soft tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Connective and soft tissue, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Connective and soft tissue of upper limb, including shoulder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Soft tissue tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Overlapping lesion of connective and soft tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Connective and soft tissue of thorax"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Connective and soft tissue of pelvis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Connective and soft tissue of trunk, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and other soft tissue of pelvis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and other soft tissue of lower limb, including hip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and other soft tissue of trunk, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and other soft tissue of thorax"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and other soft tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8800/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and other soft tissue of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and other soft tissue of abdomen"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and soft tissue of right lower limb, including hip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and soft tissue of left upper limb, including shoulder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and soft tissue of unspecified lower limb, including hip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and soft tissue of right upper limb, including shoulder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and other soft tissue, site unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and other soft tissue of upper limb, including shoulder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of connective and soft tissue of left lower limb, including hip"}]}}{"C4243":{"preferredName":"Sarcomatosis","code":"C4243","definitions":[{"description":"The occurrence of several sarcomas in different anatomic locations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sarcomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatosis, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334451"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8800/9"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sarcomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sarcomatosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8800/9"}]}}{"C27005":{"preferredName":"Spindle Cell Sarcoma","code":"C27005","definitions":[{"description":"A type of connective tissue cancer in which the cells are spindle-shaped when examined under a microscope.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm composed of spindle-shaped cells. This is a morphologic term which can be applied to a wide range of sarcomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spindle Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle cell sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"spindle cell sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205945"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8801/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spindle_Cell_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spindle cell sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8801/3"}]}}{"C66759":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Sarcoma","code":"C66759","definitions":[{"description":"A sarcoma characterized by the presence of large, anaplastic malignant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant cell sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1261358"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8802/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Giant_Cell_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant cell sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleomorphic cell sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8802/3"}]}}{"C3746":{"preferredName":"Small Cell Sarcoma","code":"C3746","definitions":[{"description":"A sarcoma characterized by the presence of small round or elongated malignant cells with a small amount of cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Small Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell Sarcomas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small cell sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206652"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8803/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Small_Cell_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small cell sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8803/3"}]}}{"C3714":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Sarcoma","code":"C3714","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive malignant neoplasm of uncertain differentiation, characterized by the presence of epithelioid cells forming nodular patterns. The nodules often undergo central necrosis, resulting in a pseudogranulomatous growth pattern. It usually occurs in young adults. The most common sites of involvement are the extremities (distal-type epithelioid sarcoma), and less frequently the pelvis, perineum, and genital organs (proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ES","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid cell sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Epithelioid sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Epithelioid sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205944"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8804/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epithelioid_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid sarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8804/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid cell sarcoma"}]}}{"C121804":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Sarcoma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C121804","definitions":[{"description":"An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma which cannot be further characterized.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Undifferentiated Sarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Sarcoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053897"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Undifferentiated sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8805/3"}]}}{"C8300":{"preferredName":"Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor","code":"C8300","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, aggressive cancer that usually affects young males and usually is located in the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggressive malignant soft tissue neoplasm of uncertain differentiation. It is characterized by a recurrent chromosomal translocation t(11;22)(p13;q12) and the presence of small round cells in a desmoplastic stroma. It usually affects children and young adults. The most common site of involvement is the abdomen. Patients usually present with abdominal distention, pain, ascites, and a palpable abdominal mass. The prognosis is usually poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DSRCT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplas. small round cell tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Small Round-Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Small Round-Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic small round cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic small round cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Polyphenotypic Small Round Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"desmoplastic small round cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0281508"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8806/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Desmoplastic_Small_Round_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Desmoplastic small round cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8806/3"}]}}{"C3041":{"preferredName":"Fibroma","code":"C3041","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from fibrous tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A non-metastasizing neoplasm arising from the fibrous tissue. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIBROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016045"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8810/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8810/0"}]}}{"C6892":{"preferredName":"Cellular Fibroma","code":"C6892","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of fibroma characterized by increased cellularity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266118"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8810/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cellular_Fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cellular fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8810/1"}]}}{"C3043":{"preferredName":"Fibrosarcoma","code":"C3043","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of the soft tissue and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal fibroblastic neoplasm affecting the soft tissue and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIBROSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibromatous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016057"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8810/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibrosarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8810/3"}]}}{"C66760":{"preferredName":"Fibromyxoid Tumor","code":"C66760","definitions":[{"description":"A benign soft-tissue neoplasm of uncertain lineage, characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle-shaped to round cells and a fibromyxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A soft tissue tumor of uncertain lineage characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle-shaped to round cells in a fibromyxoid stroma. Metaplastic bone formation may or may not be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIBROMYXOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibromyxoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibromyxoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibromyxoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibromyxoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibromyxoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205766"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8811/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibromyxoid_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myxofibroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibromyxoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myxoid fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8811/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibromyxoma"}]}}{"C6496":{"preferredName":"Myxofibrosarcoma","code":"C6496","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant fibroblastic neoplasm arising from the soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped cells, cellular pleomorphism, thin-walled blood vessels, fibrous septa, and myxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibromyxosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myxofibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Myxofibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoid MFH","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoid Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334454"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8811/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myxoid_Malignant_Fibrous_Histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8811/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibromyxosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myxofibrosarcoma"}]}}{"C66761":{"preferredName":"Periosteal Fibroma","code":"C66761","definitions":[{"description":"A benign fibrous neoplasm arising from the periosteal connective tissue that surrounds a bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Periosteal Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periosteal fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334455"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8812/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Periosteal_Fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Periosteal fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8812/0"}]}}{"C66763":{"preferredName":"Periosteal Fibrosarcoma","code":"C66763","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant fibroblastic tumor arising from the periosteal connective tissue that surrounds a bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Periosteal Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periosteal fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334456"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8812/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Periosteal_Fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Periosteal fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8812/3"}]}}{"C66764":{"preferredName":"Fascial Fibroma","code":"C66764","definitions":[{"description":"A benign fibrous tumor arising from the fascial connective tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fascial Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fascial fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334457"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8813/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fascial_Fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fascial fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8813/0"}]}}{"C66765":{"preferredName":"Fascial Fibrosarcoma","code":"C66765","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant fibroblastic neoplasm arising from the fascial connective tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fascial Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fascial fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334458"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8813/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fascial_Fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fascial fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8813/3"}]}}{"C4244":{"preferredName":"Infantile Fibrosarcoma","code":"C4244","definitions":[{"description":"A fibrosarcoma typically congenital, and occurring most commonly within the first three months of life, sharing identical morphologic features with adult fibrosarcoma but rarely metastatic. It usually affects the superficial and deep soft tissues of the extremities. The majority of infantile fibrosarcomas carry the t(12;15)(p13;q25) translocation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A fibrosarcoma that occurs in infants. It shares identical morphologic features with adult fibrosarcoma but carries the t(12;15)(p13;q25) translocation that results in ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion. It usually affects the superficial and deep soft tissues of the extremities. The prognosis is generally much more favorable than for adult fibrosarcoma, and it rarely metastasizes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Congenital Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"IFS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infantile Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infantile Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Infantile fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Infantile fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Infantile fibrosarcoma (congenital fibrosarcoma)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334459"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8814/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infantile_Fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Infantile Fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Congenital fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infantile fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8814/3"}]}}{"C7634":{"preferredName":"Solitary Fibrous Tumor","code":"C7634","definitions":[{"description":"A localized neoplasm of probable fibroblastic derivation. It is characterized by the presence of round to spindle-shaped cells, hylanized stroma formation, thin-walled branching blood vessels, and thin bands of collagen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Localized Fibrous Mesothelioma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Localized Fibrous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Localized fibrous tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"SFT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Fibrous Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Fibrous Tumor, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Fibrous Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary fibrous tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Submesothelial Fibroma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266119"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9051/0"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8815/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8815/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Solitary_Fibrous_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solitary fibrous tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solitary fibrous tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8815/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Localized fibrous tumor"}]}}{"C6894":{"preferredName":"Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumor","code":"C6894","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of probable fibroblastic derivation. It is characterized by the presence of atypical round to spindle-shaped cells, increased cellularity, necrotic change and high mitotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary fibrous tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266120"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8815/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Solitary_Fibrous_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solitary fibrous tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8815/3"}]}}{"C4245":{"preferredName":"Elastofibroma","code":"C4245","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, slow-growing tumor arising from the soft tissues usually in the mid-thoracic region of the elderly. It is characterized by the presence of paucicellular collagenous tissue, adipocytes and a predominance of large coarse elastic fibers arranged in globules.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Elastofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Elastofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Elastofibroma Dorsi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334460"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8820/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Elastofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8820/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Elastofibroma"}]}}{"C9182":{"preferredName":"Desmoid Fibromatosis","code":"C9182","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor of the tissue that surrounds muscles, usually in the abdomen. A desmoid tumor rarely metastasizes (spreads to other parts of the body).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An insidious, locally aggressive, poorly circumscribed neoplasm arising from the deep soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of elongated spindle-shaped fibroblasts, collagenous stroma formation, and an infiltrative growth pattern. It lacks metastatic potential.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aggressive Fibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aggressive fibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Deep Fibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deep Fibromatosis/Desmoid Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Deep Fibromatosis/Desmoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoid Fibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"desmoid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079218"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8821/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Deep_Fibromatosis_Desmoid_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Desmoid, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Invasive fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8821/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aggressive fibromatosis"}]}}{"C6489":{"preferredName":"Extraabdominal Fibromatosis","code":"C6489","definitions":[{"description":"An insidious poorly circumscribed neoplasm arising from the soft tissues outside the abdomen. It is characterized by the presence of elongated spindle-shaped fibroblasts, vascular collagenous stroma formation, and an infiltrative growth pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extra-abdominal desmoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Extraabdominal Desmoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extraabdominal Desmoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extraabdominal Fibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1275420"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Extraabdominal_Fibromatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Extra-abdominal desmoid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8821/1"}]}}{"C3741":{"preferredName":"Abdominal (Mesenteric) Fibromatosis","code":"C3741","definitions":[{"description":"An insidious poorly circumscribed neoplasm arising from the deep soft tissues of the abdomen. It is characterized by the presence of elongated spindle-shaped fibroblasts, collagenous stroma formation, and an infiltrative growth pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abdominal (Mesenteric) Fibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Abdominal (Mesenteric) Fibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal Desmoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal Desmoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal Fibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal desmoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Abdominal fibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Intraabdominal Desmoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraabdominal Desmoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraabdominal Fibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesenteric Desmoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesenteric Desmoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesenteric Fibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesenteric fibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206646"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8822/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Abdominal_Fibromatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesenteric fibromatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Abdominal fibromatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retroperitoneal fibromatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8822/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Abdominal desmoid"}]}}{"C3740":{"preferredName":"Desmoplastic Fibroma","code":"C3740","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by osteolysis and the presence of a rich collagenous stroma and spindle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare, benign, locally aggressive osteolytic neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of a rich collagenous stroma and spindle cells with minimal cellular atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone Desmoplastic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoid Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Desmoid Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Fibroma of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Fibroma of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Fibroma of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Fibroma of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"OSTEOFIBROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Osseous Desmoplastic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Osseous Desmoplastic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206645"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8823/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bone_Desmoplastic_Fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Desmoplastic fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8823/0"}]}}{"C7052":{"preferredName":"Myofibroma","code":"C7052","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, localized, nodular and well-circumscribed neoplasm usually seen as a congenital neoplasm or in the first year of life. It is characterized by a biphasic growth pattern and is composed of small, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells associated with branching thin-walled vessels and more mature neoplastic spindle cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm in a collagenous stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infantile Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266121"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8824/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Solitary_Myofibromatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8824/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myofibroma"}]}}{"C3742":{"preferredName":"Myofibromatosis","code":"C3742","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, multifocal, nodular and well-circumscribed neoplasm usually seen as a congenital neoplasm or in the first year of life. It is characterized by a biphasic growth pattern and is composed of small, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells associated with branching thin-walled vessels and more mature neoplastic spindle cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm in a collagenous stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infantile Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infantile Myofibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infantile myofibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Multicentric Myofibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myofibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Myofibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myofibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206648"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8824/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myofibromatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8824/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infantile myofibromatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myofibromatosis"}]}}{"C49012":{"preferredName":"Myofibroblastoma","code":"C49012","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, well circumscribed soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle shaped myofibroblasts and mast cells in a collagenous stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myofibroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myofibroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0242404"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8825/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myofibroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8825/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myofibroblastoma"}]}}{"C6481":{"preferredName":"Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor","code":"C6481","definitions":[{"description":"A multinodular intermediate fibroblastic neoplasm that arises from soft tissue or viscera, in children and young adults. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, and a chronic inflammatory infiltrate composed of eosinophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"IMT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Pseudotumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334121"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8825/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inflammatory_Myofibroblastic_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myofibroblastic tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor"}]}}{"C49016":{"preferredName":"Angiomyofibroblastoma","code":"C49016","definitions":[{"description":"A benign myofibroblastic neoplasm, usually arising in the pelviperineal region. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle to round cells, dilated thin walled vessels, and stromal edema. Most patients present with painless circumscribed masses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiomyofibroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Angiomyofibroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266123"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8826/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Angiomyofibroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8826/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiomyofibroblastoma"}]}}{"C3739":{"preferredName":"Fibrous Histiocytoma","code":"C3739","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of a fibroblastic and a histiocytic component.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of fibroblastic spindle cells in a whorled storiform pattern. It is characterized by the presence of foam cells, inflammatory cells, hemosiderin deposition and stromal hemorrhage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign fibrous histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibrous histiocytoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibroxanthoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"HISTIOCYTOMA, FIBROUS, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206644"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8830/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Fibrous_Histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibroxanthoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibrous histiocytoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Xanthofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Benign fibrous histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8830/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Benign fibrous histiocytoma, NOS"}]}}{"C4246":{"preferredName":"Atypical Fibroxanthoma","code":"C4246","definitions":[{"description":"An intermediate cutaneous mesenchymal neoplasm of uncertain differentiation, usually affecting the actinic-damaged skin of the elderly. The tumor presents as a single cutaneous nodule which is often ulcerated. Microscopically, it is characterized by the presence of highly atypical cytologic features, pleomorphism and abundant mitotic figures. The vast majority of patients have an excellent prognosis following conservative therapy. Recurrences are infrequent, and metastasis is rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Cutaneous Fibroxanthoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Fibroxanthoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Fibroxanthoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Fibroxanthoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Skin Fibroxanthoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical fibrous histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Atypical fibroxanthoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Superficial Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346053"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8830/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Fibroxanthoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical fibrous histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical fibroxanthoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8830/1"}]}}{"C4247":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma","code":"C4247","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of a fibroblastic and a histiocytic component.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A soft tissue sarcoma that usually occurs in the limbs, most commonly the legs, and may also occur in the abdomen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma characterized by the presence of a pleomorphic malignant cellular infiltrate. It is also known as malignant fibrous histiocytoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIBROSARCOMA, PLEOMORPHIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroxanthosarcoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroxanthosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Histiocytoma, Fibrous, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MFH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MFH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of Soft Tissue and Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of the Soft Tissue and Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibroxanthoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibroxanthoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant fibrous histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Malignant fibrous histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Storiform-Pleomorphic Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Storiform-Pleomorphic MFH","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Storiform-Pleomorphic Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UPS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unclassified Pleomorphic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unclassified Pleomorphic Sarcoma (Formerly \"MFH\")","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unclassified Pleomorphic Sarcoma (Formerly \"Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma\")","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Soft Tissue Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"malignant fibrous cytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"malignant fibrous histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334463"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8830/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Fibrous_Histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant fibrous histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8830/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibroxanthoma, malignant"}]}}{"C35765":{"preferredName":"Histiocytoma","code":"C35765","definitions":[{"description":"A mesenchymal tumor composed of fibroblastic and histiocytic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histiocytoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1509147"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8831/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Histiocytoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8831/0"}]}}{"C6492":{"preferredName":"Deep Fibrous Histiocytoma","code":"C6492","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, well-circumscribed, pseudo-encapsulated benign fibrous histiocytoma that arises entirely within the subcutaneous tissue or deep soft tissue. It usually affects the extremities or the head and neck region. It recurs locally in a minority of cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Deep Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deep Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deep Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266125"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Deep_Fibrous_Histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Deep histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juvenile histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8831/0"}]}}{"C3356":{"preferredName":"Solitary Reticulohistiocytoma","code":"C3356","definitions":[{"description":"A rare cutaneous lesion composed of eosinophilic histiocytes, which are often multinucleated. The lesions are yellow-brown papules affecting any part of the body. Patients are usually adult men. The prognosis is excellent. -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Reticulohistiocytic Granuloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Reticulohistiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0035290"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Solitary_Reticulohistiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reticulohistiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8831/0"}]}}{"C6801":{"preferredName":"Skin Fibrous Histiocytoma","code":"C6801","definitions":[{"description":"A solitary, slowly growing, nodular tumor most often affecting the extremities. It is composed of fibrous and histiocytic cells which infiltrate the dermis and occasionally the underlying subcutaneous tissue. Usually local excision is curative. Recurrences are reported only in a small minority of cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Cutaneous Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Fibrous Cutaneous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Skin Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermatofibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrous Histiocytoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrous Histiocytoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0002991"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8832/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cutaneous_Fibrous_Histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dermatofibroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dermatofibroma lenticulare"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sclerosing hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8832/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cutaneous histiocytoma, NOS"}]}}{"C7159":{"preferredName":"Subepidermal Nodular Fibrosis","code":"C7159","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Subepidermal Nodular Fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subepidermal nodular fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1509149"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Subepidermal_Nodular_Fibrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Subepidermal nodular fibrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8832/0"}]}}{"C4683":{"preferredName":"Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","code":"C4683","definitions":[{"description":"A type of tumor that begins as a hard nodule and grows slowly. These tumors are usually found in the dermis (the inner layer of the two main layers of tissue that make up the skin) of the limbs or trunk of the body. They can grow into surrounding tissue but do not spread to other parts of the body. These tumors are related to giant cell fibroblastomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A low grade fibroblastic neoplasm presenting as a nodular cutaneous mass, most often on the trunk and the proximal extremities. The tumor diffusely infiltrates the dermis and the subcutaneous tissues. It is considered a locally aggressive neoplasm, which often recurs but rarely metastasizes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DFSP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermatofibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Dermatofibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0392784"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8832/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dermatofibrosarcoma_Protuberans"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dermatofibrosarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8832/3"}]}}{"C9430":{"preferredName":"Pigmented Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","code":"C9430","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans characterized by the presence of melanin-pigmented dendritic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bednar Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bednar tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pigmented Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (Bednar Tumor)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334464"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8833/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pigmented_Dermatofibrosarcoma_Protuberans_Bednar_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bednar tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pigmented dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8833/3"}]}}{"C4700":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Fibroblastoma","code":"C4700","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of soft tissue tumor marked by painless nodules in the dermis (the inner layer of the two main layers of tissue that make up the skin) and subcutaneous (beneath the skin) tissue. These tumors may come back after surgery, but they do not spread to other parts of the body. They occur mostly in boys and are related to dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare, locally aggressive fibroblastic neoplasm typically affecting young patients (predominantly boys). It manifests with painless nodules in the dermis or subcutaneous tissues. Morphologically, it contains giant cells and wide vessel-like spaces. This tumor can recur but metastases have not been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GCF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Fibroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant cell fibroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"giant cell fibroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0406579"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8834/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Giant_Cell_Fibroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant cell fibroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8834/1"}]}}{"C6493":{"preferredName":"Plexiform Fibrohistiocytic Tumor","code":"C6493","definitions":[{"description":"An intermediate fibrohistiocytic neoplasm of the skin that usually affects children and young adults. It is a multinodular, poorly circumscribed tumor characterized by the presence of multinucleated giant cells, mononuclear histiocyte-like cells, and spindle fibroblast-like cells arranged in a plexiform pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PFHT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexiform Fibrohistiocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexiform Fibrohistiocytic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266126"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8835/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Plexiform_Fibrohistiocytic_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8835/1"}]}}{"C6494":{"preferredName":"Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma","code":"C6494","definitions":[{"description":"A low malignant potential soft tissue neoplasm of uncertain differentiation. It typically affects young patients, presenting as a slowly growing nodular or cystic tumor mass, most often in the subcutaneous tissues of the extremities. Occasionally, patients have systemic symptoms (anemia, fever, and weight loss). This tumor has a relatively good prognosis. A minority of patients develop local recurrences. Metastases are rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiomatoid Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266127"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8836/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Angiomatoid_Fibrous_Histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8836/1"}]}}{"C6577":{"preferredName":"Myxoma","code":"C6577","definitions":[{"description":"A benign soft tissue neoplasm with a myxoid stroma formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle and stellate cells, lobulated growth pattern, and myxoid stroma formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MYXOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myxoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027149"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8840/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myxoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myxoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8840/0"}]}}{"C3255":{"preferredName":"Myxosarcoma","code":"C3255","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant soft tissue neoplasm with a myxoid stroma formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An infiltrating malignant soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of immature undifferentiated cells and abundant myxoid stroma formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MYXOSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myxosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myxosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027155"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8840/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myxosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8840/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myxosarcoma"}]}}{"C3254":{"preferredName":"Angiomyxoma","code":"C3254","definitions":[{"description":"A benign soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle and stellate cells in a myxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiomyxoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Angiomyxoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL329980"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8841/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8841/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Angiomyxoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8841/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiomyxoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiomyxoma"}]}}{"C6936":{"preferredName":"Deep \"Aggressive\" Angiomyxoma","code":"C6936","definitions":[{"description":"A locally infiltrating, non-metastasizing angiomyxoma arising from the pelviperineal region. It may recur following resection","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aggressive Angiomyxoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aggressive angiomyxoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Deep \"Aggressive\" Angiomyxoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deep Angiomyxoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1306242"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aggressive_Angiomyxoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aggressive angiomyxoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8841/1"}]}}{"C6582":{"preferredName":"Ossifying Fibromyxoid Tumor","code":"C6582","definitions":[{"description":"A rare soft tissue tumor of uncertain lineage characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle to round cells forming cords in a fibromyxoid stroma. The lesions are associated with the formation of metaplastic bone. Most patients present with painless subcutaneous masses. Recurrences have been reported in a minority of patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OFMT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossifying Fibromyxoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossifying Fibromyxoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossifying Fibromyxoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266128"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8842/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ossifying_Fibromyxoid_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8842/0"}]}}{"C3192":{"preferredName":"Lipoma","code":"C3192","definitions":[{"description":"A benign (not cancer) tumor made of fat cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of adipose tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, usually painless, well-circumscribed lipomatous tumor composed of adipose tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LIPOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Lipoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023798"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8850/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lipoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Lipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lipoma of other specified sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lipoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8850/0"}]}}{"C6505":{"preferredName":"Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well Differentiated Liposarcoma","code":"C6505","definitions":[{"description":"A locally aggressive mesenchymal neoplasm composed either entirely or partly of an adipocytic proliferation showing at least focal nuclear atypia in both adipocytes and stromal cells. \"Atypical lipomatous tumor\" and \"well-differentiated liposarcoma\" are synonyms describing lesions that are morphologically and genetically identical. Amplification of MDM2 and/or CDK4 is almost always present. (WHO 2020)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALT/WDLPS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Lipoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Lipomatous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma, differentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma, well differentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266129"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1370889"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8850/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8851/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Lipoma"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Well-Differentiated_Liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical lipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Liposarcoma, well differentiated, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical lipomatous tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Liposarcoma, differentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8851/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Liposarcoma, well differentiated"}]}}{"C3194":{"preferredName":"Liposarcoma","code":"C3194","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of adipose tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A usually painless malignant tumor that arises from adipose tissue. Microscopically, it may contain a spectrum of neoplastic adipocytes ranging from lipoblasts to pleomorphic malignant adipocytes. Morphologic variants include: well differentiated, dedifferentiated, pleomorphic, and myxoid liposarcoma. The metastatic potential is higher in less differentiated tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LIPOSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liposarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Lipomatous Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Lipomatous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346117"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023827"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8850/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Lipomatous_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibroliposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Liposarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8850/3"}]}}{"C4249":{"preferredName":"Fibrolipoma","code":"C4249","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm comprising mature adipocytes, characterized by areas of abundant fibrous tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign well-circumscribed tumor composed of mature adipocytes, characterized by areas of abundant fibrous tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIBROLIPOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibrolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibrolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334467"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8851/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibrolipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8851/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibrolipoma"}]}}{"C6508":{"preferredName":"Inflammatory Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well Differentiated Liposarcoma","code":"C6508","definitions":[{"description":"A rare morphologic variant of atypical lipomatous tumor/well differentiated liposarcoma occurring most often in the retroperitoneum. It is characterized by the presence of a predominant chronic inflammatory infiltrate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Inflammatory ALT/WDLPS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1370890"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inflammatory_Liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Inflammatory liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8851/3"}]}}{"C6507":{"preferredName":"Sclerosing Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well Differentiated Liposarcoma","code":"C6507","definitions":[{"description":"An atypical lipomatous tumor/well differentiated liposarcoma characterized by the presence of bizarre hyperchromatic stromal cells and rare multivacuolated lipoblasts within a fibrous stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sclerosing ALT/WDLPS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334469"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sclerosing_Liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sclerosing liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8851/3"}]}}{"C4251":{"preferredName":"Fibromyxolipoma","code":"C4251","definitions":[{"description":"A benign well-circumscribed tumor composed of mature adipocytes, characterized by areas of abundant fibrous tissue and extensive myxoid change.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibromyxolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibromyxolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxolipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myxolipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334470"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8852/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibromyxolipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8852/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myxolipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibromyxolipoma"}]}}{"C27781":{"preferredName":"Myxoid Liposarcoma","code":"C27781","definitions":[{"description":"A liposarcoma characterized by the presence of round non-lipogenic primitive mesenchymal cells and small signet ring lipoblasts within a myxoid stoma with a branching vascular pattern. This category includes hypercellular lesions with round cell morphology, formerly known as round cell liposarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MLPS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoid Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Myxoid Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoid Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoid liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myxoid/Round Cell Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoliposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206634"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8852/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myxoid_Round_Cell_Liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myxoid liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myxoliposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8852/3"}]}}{"C4252":{"preferredName":"Round Cell Liposarcoma","code":"C4252","definitions":[{"description":"A poorly differentiated liposarcoma, characterized by the presence of solid sheets of primitive round mesenchymal cells and the absence of myxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Myxoid Liposarcoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Round Cell Liposarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Round cell liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334471"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8853/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Round_Cell_Liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Round cell liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8853/3"}]}}{"C3703":{"preferredName":"Pleomorphic Lipoma","code":"C3703","definitions":[{"description":"A benign circumscribed tumor characterized by small spindle cells, rounded hyperchromatic cells and multinucleated giant cells with radially arranged nuclei.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205823"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8854/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pleomorphic_Lipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleomorphic lipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8854/0"}]}}{"C3705":{"preferredName":"Pleomorphic Liposarcoma","code":"C3705","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, aggressive liposarcoma characterized by the presence of varying proportions of pleomorphic lipoblasts in a background that resembles undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleomorphic Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205825"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8854/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pleomorphic_Liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleomorphic liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8854/3"}]}}{"C4253":{"preferredName":"Mixed Liposarcoma","code":"C4253","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of a combination of liposarcomatous morphologic subtypes: myxoid/round cell and well differentiated/dedifferentiated liposarcoma or myxoid/round cell and pleomorphic liposarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334472"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8855/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8855/3"}]}}{"C7450":{"preferredName":"Intramuscular Lipoma","code":"C7450","definitions":[{"description":"A benign tumor, composed of mature adipocytes, that arises within skeletal muscle fibers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intramuscular Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intramuscular lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334473"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8856/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intramuscular_Lipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intramuscular lipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8856/0"}]}}{"C7449":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Angiolipoma","code":"C7449","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon lipoma characterized by prominent vascularity that invades the surrounding deep tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Angiolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating angiolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1305256"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infiltrating_Angiolipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating angiolipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8856/0"}]}}{"C7451":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Lipoma","code":"C7451","definitions":[{"description":"A benign tumor, composed of lobules of mature adipocytes, that penetrates the surrounding tissue from which it arises. There is usually a higher local recurrence rate when compared with non-infiltrating lipomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL028013"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infiltrating_Lipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infiltrating lipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8856/0"}]}}{"C4254":{"preferredName":"Spindle Cell Lipoma","code":"C4254","definitions":[{"description":"A benign circumscribed tumor composed of spindled cells, adipocytes, and collagen bundles. There is no evidence of nuclear hyperchromasia or mitotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle cell lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334474"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8857/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spindle_Cell_Lipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spindle cell lipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8857/0"}]}}{"C6509":{"preferredName":"Fibroblastic Liposarcoma","code":"C6509","definitions":[{"description":"A liposarcoma characterized by the presence of a fibroblastic component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroblastic Liposarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroblastic liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266130"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8857/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibroblastic_Liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibroblastic liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8857/3"}]}}{"C3704":{"preferredName":"Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma","code":"C3704","definitions":[{"description":"An atypical lipomatous tumor/well differentiated liposarcoma that shows progression to a usually non-lipomatous, high grade sarcoma. The non-lipomatous sarcoma component may be present in the primary lesion or at the site of recurrence.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DDLPS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Dedifferentiated liposarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205824"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8858/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dedifferentiated_Liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dedifferentiated liposarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8858/3"}]}}{"C3734":{"preferredName":"Angiomyolipoma","code":"C3734","definitions":[{"description":"A benign (noncancer) tumor of fat and muscle tissue that usually is found in the kidney. Angiomyolipomas rarely cause symptoms, but may bleed or grow large enough to be painful or cause kidney failure. They are common in patients with tuberous sclerosis (a genetic disorder in which benign tumors grow in the kidneys, brain, eyes, heart, lungs, and skin, causing seizures, mental problems, and skin lesions).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation often associated with tuberous sclerosis. It is characterized by a mixture of epithelioid cells, smooth muscle, vessels, and mature adipose tissue. The kidney is the most common site of involvement. Other sites of involvement include the liver, lung, lymph nodes, and retroperitoneum. The vast majority of cases follow a benign clinical course. However, cases of metastatic angiomyolipomas with sarcomatoid features have been described.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiomyolipoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Angiomyolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Angiomyolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"angiomyolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206633"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8860/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Angiomyolipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8860/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiomyolipoma"}]}}{"C3733":{"preferredName":"Angiolipoma","code":"C3733","definitions":[{"description":"A lipoma characterized by prominent vascularization.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lipoma with prominent vascularity. The vascular tissue is more abundant at the periphery of the tumor and contains fibrin thrombi. It occurs more frequently in younger individuals as a painful subcutaneous nodule, often on the arms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANGIOLIPOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Angiolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiolipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Angiolipoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206632"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8861/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Angiolipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiolipoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8861/0"}]}}{"C6503":{"preferredName":"Chondroid Lipoma","code":"C6503","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm characterized by nests and cord of abundant univacuolated and multivacuolated lipoblasts and mature adipocytes in a prominent myxoid to hyalinized chondroid matrix admix. It predominantly affects females.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chondroid Lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chondroid lipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266131"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8862/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chondroid_Lipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chondroid lipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8862/0"}]}}{"C3736":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Gland Myelolipoma","code":"C3736","definitions":[{"description":"A benign tumor of the adrenal gland composed of adipocytes and hematopoietic/lymphoid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign soft tissue lesion arising from the adrenal gland. It is composed of mature adipose and hematopoietic/lymphoid tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Gland Myelolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MYELOLIPOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myelolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myelolipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myelolipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206635"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8870/0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myelolipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelolipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8870/0"}]}}{"C3702":{"preferredName":"Hibernoma","code":"C3702","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the brown adipose tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare benign slow growing adipose tissue tumor, characterized by the presence of polygonal brown fat cells with multivacuolated and/or granular cytoplasm. The tumor is usually painless and is most often seen in young adults.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brown Fat Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brown Fat Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brown Fat Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brown Fat Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brown fat tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fetal Fat Cell Lipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fetal Fat Cell Lipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fetal fat cell lipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"HIBERNOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hibernoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hibernoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hibernoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205822"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8880/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hibernoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Brown fat tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fetal fat cell lipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hibernoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8880/0"}]}}{"C4255":{"preferredName":"Lipoblastomatosis","code":"C4255","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic process characterized by the presence of multiple lipoblastomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fetal Lipomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fetal lipomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lipoblastomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lipoblastomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334475"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8881/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lipoblastomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lipoblastomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fetal lipomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8881/0"}]}}{"C27483":{"preferredName":"Lipoblastoma","code":"C27483","definitions":[{"description":"A lipoma usually occurring in the extremities of young children (usually boys). It is characterized by lobules of adipose tissue, separated by fibrous septa. The adipose tissue is composed of mature adipocytes and lipoblasts. The lipoblasts may be scarce, depending on the age of the patient.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Embryonic Lipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fetal Lipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infantile Lipoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lipoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1260965"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lipoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8881/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fetal lipoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lipoblastoma"}]}}{"C3157":{"preferredName":"Leiomyoma","code":"C3157","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm, originating from smooth muscle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign smooth muscle tumor, usually in the uterus or gastrointestinal tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A well-circumscribed benign smooth muscle neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LEIOMYOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Leiomyomatous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leiomyomatous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leiomyomatous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fibroid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023267"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8890/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leiomyoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8890/0"}]}}{"C3434":{"preferredName":"Uterine Corpus Leiomyoma","code":"C3434","definitions":[{"description":"A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the body of the uterus. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Body of Uterus Fibroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Body of Uterus Leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Corpus Uteri Fibroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Corpus Uteri Leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of Body of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of Corpus Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of Uterine Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of Uterine Corpus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of the Body of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of the Corpus Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of the Uterine Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid of the Uterine Corpus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroid uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibromyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Leiomyofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of Body of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of Corpus Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of Uterine Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of Uterine Corpus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of the Body of Uterus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of the Corpus Uteri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of the Uterine Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoma of the Uterine Corpus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Body Fibroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Body Leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Fibroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Leiomyoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Leiomyomata","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Fibroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Fibroids","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042133"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Uterine_Corpus_Leiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leiomyoma of uterus, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leiomyofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Submucous leiomyoma of uterus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibroid uterus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8890/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibromyoma"}]}}{"C3748":{"preferredName":"Leiomyomatosis","code":"C3748","definitions":[{"description":"A condition characterized by the presence of numerous small benign smooth muscle neoplasms located throughout the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leiomyomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyomatosis, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206654"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8890/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leiomyomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leiomyomatosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8890/1"}]}}{"C3158":{"preferredName":"Leiomyosarcoma","code":"C3158","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant (cancer) tumor of smooth muscle cells that can arise almost anywhere in the body, but is most common in the uterus, abdomen, or pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm, originating from smooth muscle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant tumor of smooth muscle cells that can arise almost anywhere in the body but is most common in the uterus, abdomen, or pelvis.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"An uncommon, aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, usually occurring in post-menopausal women. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. Morphologic variants include epithelioid, granular cell, inflammatory and myxoid leimyosarcomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEIOMYOSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma (excluding uterine leiomyosarcoma)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma - not uterine","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Leiomyosarcomas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023269"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8890/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leiomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leiomyosarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8890/3"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E180103"}]}}{"C3486":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Cell Type Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","code":"C3486","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor with epithelioid morphology.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Type GIST","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Type Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Type Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoblastoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leiomyoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Stout's Leiomyoblastoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0086533"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8891/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epithelioid_Cell_Type_Gastrointestinal_Stromal_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leiomyoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid leiomyoma"}]}}{"C3700":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Leiomyosarcoma","code":"C3700","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of leiomyosarcoma characterized by the presence of epithelioid round cells with eosinophilic to clear cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205815"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8891/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epithelioid_Leiomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid leiomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8891/3"}]}}{"C4256":{"preferredName":"Cellular Leiomyoma","code":"C4256","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of classic leiomyoma characterized by a dense cellular infiltrate composed of spindle or round cells with scant cytoplasm and a less obvious interlacing fascicle pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334477"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8892/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cellular_Leiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cellular leiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8892/0"}]}}{"C4257":{"preferredName":"Bizarre Leiomyoma","code":"C4257","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of leiomyoma characterized by the presence of pleomorphic muscle cells with bizarre hyperchromatic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bizarre Leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bizarre leiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334478"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8893/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bizarre_Leiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleomorphic leiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bizarre leiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Symplastic leiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8893/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical leiomyoma"}]}}{"C3747":{"preferredName":"Angioleiomyoma","code":"C3747","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, slow-growing neoplasm that arises from the dermis or subcutaneous tissue. It is characterized by the presence of well-differentiated smooth muscle cells which are arranged around numerous vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angioleiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Angioleiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Angiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vascular Leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vascular leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206653"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8894/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Angiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vascular leiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angioleiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8894/0"}]}}{"C66771":{"preferredName":"Angiomyosarcoma","code":"C66771","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant smooth muscle neoplasm characterized by the presence of atypical spindle cells and formation of vascular channels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334479"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8894/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Angiomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8894/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiomyosarcoma"}]}}{"C4882":{"preferredName":"Benign Muscle Neoplasm","code":"C4882","definitions":[{"description":"A benign mesenchymal neoplasm arising from smooth, skeletal, or cardiac muscle tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Muscle Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Muscle Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027086"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8895/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Muscle_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8895/0"}]}}{"C4883":{"preferredName":"Malignant Muscle Neoplasm","code":"C4883","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm affecting the skeletal or smooth muscles. Malignant neoplasms arising from the skeletal muscles are called rhabdomyosarcomas. Malignant neoplasms arising from the smooth muscles are called leiomyosarcomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Muscle Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Muscle Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Muscle Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Muscle Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0684743"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8895/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Muscle_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8895/3"}]}}{"C3701":{"preferredName":"Myxoid Leiomyosarcoma","code":"C3701","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of leiomyosarcoma characterized by the presence of cellular pleomorphism, malignant cells with large nuclei, and a myxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myxoid Leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoid leiomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205816"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8896/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myxoid_Leiomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myxoid leiomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8896/3"}]}}{"C3751":{"preferredName":"Smooth Muscle Neoplasm","code":"C3751","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant myomatous neoplasm arising from smooth muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm of Smooth Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Smooth Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smooth Muscle Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smooth Muscle Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Smooth muscle tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tumor of Smooth Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Smooth Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206658"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Smooth_Muscle_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Smooth muscle tumor, NOS"}]}}{"C40173":{"preferredName":"Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma of the Uterine Corpus","code":"C40173","definitions":[{"description":"A cytologically benign smooth muscle neoplasm that arises from the uterine corpus and has metastasized to the lungs, abdomen, or lymph nodes. It usually presents in women with a history of benign uterine leiomyomas that have been surgically removed years before the extrauterine neoplasm spread.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma of the Uterine Corpus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Metastasizing Leiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511090"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8898/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Metastasizing_Leiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Metastasizing leiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8898/1"}]}}{"C3358":{"preferredName":"Rhabdomyoma","code":"C3358","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from skeletal or cardiac muscle, characterized by the presence of rhabdomyoblasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign mesenchymal tumor arising from skeletal or cardiac muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RHABDOMYOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyomatous Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0035411"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8900/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rhabdomyoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Rhabdomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rhabdomyoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8900/0"}]}}{"C27369":{"preferredName":"Adult Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C27369","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive rhabdomyosarcoma occurring in adults. The neoplasm is characterized by the presence of bizarre round, spindle, and polygonal cells. Clinical presentation includes a rapidly enlarging painful mass usually in the lower extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, adult type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1332211"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8901/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adult_Pleomorphic_Rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, adult type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8901/3"}]}}{"C4258":{"preferredName":"Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C4258","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with skeletal muscle differentiation, occurring in adults and rarely in children. The tumor is characterized by the presence of bizarre round, spindle, and polygonal cells. Clinical presentation includes a rapidly enlarging painful mass usually of the lower extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334480"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pleomorphic_Rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8901/3"}]}}{"C4259":{"preferredName":"Rhabdomyosarcoma with Mixed Embryonal and Alveolar Features","code":"C4259","definitions":[{"description":"A rhabdomyosarcoma composed of embryonic and alveolar components. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with myoblastic differentiation, a myxoid stroma, and fibrous septa. These tumors were previously considered variants of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. The lack of PAX3-FOXO1 fusions in most of these tumors suggests that are biologically and clinically related to embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Type Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdomyosarcoma with Mixed Embryonal and Alveolar Features","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709053"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8902/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Type_Rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed type rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8902/3"}]}}{"C4260":{"preferredName":"Fetal Rhabdomyoma","code":"C4260","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm arising from skeletal muscle. It is characterized by the presence of immature spindle and polygonal cells within a scant myxoid stroma. It usually develops in the head and neck region of young children.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fetal Rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fetal rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334482"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8903/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fetal_Rhabdomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fetal rhabdomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8903/0"}]}}{"C4261":{"preferredName":"Adult Extracardiac Rhabdomyoma","code":"C4261","definitions":[{"description":"A benign mesenchymal neoplasm arising from skeletal muscle and occurring in adults.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Extracardiac Rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult Extracardiac Rhabdomyomatous Hamartoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055487"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8904/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adult_Rhabdomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adult rhabdomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8904/0"}]}}{"C45747":{"preferredName":"Adult Cardiac Cellular Rhabdomyoma","code":"C45747","definitions":[{"description":"Cardiac rhabdomyoma occurring in adults. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic striated muscle cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and increased cellularity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Cardiac Cellular Rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult Heart Cellular Rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1706729"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adult_Cardiac_Cellular_Rhabdomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adult cellular rhabdomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8904/0"}]}}{"C6517":{"preferredName":"Genital Rhabdomyoma","code":"C6517","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign skeletal muscle neoplasm arising from the female genital tract. It is characterized by the presence of small nucleated rhabdomyoblasts within a fibrous and myxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Genital Rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Genital rhabdomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266133"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8905/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Genital_Rhabdomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Genital rhabdomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8905/0"}]}}{"C8971":{"preferredName":"Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C8971","definitions":[{"description":"A soft tissue tumor that is most common in infants and young children. It begins in muscles, usually in the head, neck, or genitourinary tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A poorly circumscribed morphologic variant of rhabdomyosarcoma. It is characterized by the presence of primitive skeletal muscle differentiation in any stage of myogenesis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ERMS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206656"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8910/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Embryonal_Rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8910/3"}]}}{"C9150":{"preferredName":"Botryoid-Type Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C9150","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma arising from organs with a mucosal epithelial surface. It is characterized by the formation of a cambium layer in the affected tissue and polypoid nodules within an abundant myxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Botryoid Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Botryoid sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Botryoid-Type Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma Botryoides","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma botryoides","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1306573"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Botryoid-Type_Embryonal_Rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Botryoid sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sarcoma botryoides"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8910/3"}]}}{"C6519":{"preferredName":"Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C6519","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon variant of rhabdomyosarcoma that is characterized by the presence of whorls of spindle cells forming a storiform pattern. In children, it usually arises in the paratesticular region; in adults it usually arises from the deep soft tissues in the head and neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An uncommon variant of rhabdomyosarcoma characterized by the presence of whorls of spindle cells forming a storiform pattern. In children it usually arises in the paratesticular region. In adults it usually arises from the deep soft tissues in the head and neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266134"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8912/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spindle_Cell_Rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8912/3"}]}}{"C3749":{"preferredName":"Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C3749","definitions":[{"description":"A soft tissue tumor that is most common in older children and teenagers. It begins in embryonic muscle cells (cells that develop into muscles in the body). It can occur at many places in the body, but usually occurs in the trunk, arms, or legs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rapidly growing malignant mesenchymal neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of round cells with myoblastic differentiation and a fibrovascular stroma resembling an alveolar growth pattern. The tumor usually presents in the extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARMS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ARMS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Monomorphous Round Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206655"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8920/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alveolar_Rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8920/3"}]}}{"C4716":{"preferredName":"Ectomesenchymoma","code":"C4716","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, fast-growing tumor of the nervous system or soft tissue that occurs in children and young adults. Ectomesenchymomas may form in the head and neck, abdomen, perineum, scrotum, or limbs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of the nervous system or soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of a sarcomatous component (most often rhabdomyosarcoma) and a ganglionic or a neuroectodermal component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ectomesenchymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ectomesenchymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ectomesenchymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma with Ganglionic or Neuroectodermal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ectomesenchymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"malignant ectomesenchymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0431111"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8921/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rhabdomyosarcoma_with_Ganglionic_Differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8921/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rhabdomyosarcoma with ganglionic differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ectomesenchymoma"}]}}{"C4262":{"preferredName":"Endometrial Stromal Nodule","code":"C4262","definitions":[{"description":"A non-infiltrating, benign mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the uterine corpus. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells that resemble the cells of the proliferative phase of endometrial stroma and numerous thin-walled small vessels. It usually presents with abnormal uterine bleeding and menorrhagia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endometrial Stromal Nodule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial stromal nodule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334485"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8930/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Endometrial_Stromal_Nodule"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrial stromal nodule"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8930/0"}]}}{"C8973":{"preferredName":"Endometrioid Stromal Sarcoma","code":"C8973","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant, mesenchymal tumor of the uterine stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that affects the uterine corpus, and rarely, the ovaries, cervix, and vagina. In the uterine corpus it is classified as low grade or high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. In the remainder of the anatomic sites it is classified as low grade endometrioid stromal sarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ESS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ESS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial stromal sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Stromal Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Stromal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Endometrioid Stromal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"STROMAL SARCOMA, ENDOMETRIAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206630"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8930/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Endometrial_Stromal_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrial sarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrial stromal sarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8930/3"}]}}{"C8972":{"preferredName":"Uterine Corpus Undifferentiated Sarcoma","code":"C8972","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, high grade sarcoma that arises from the endometrial stroma or myometrium without a specific type of differentiation. It was previously also known as high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. In 2014, high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma was reclassified and is currently considered a distinct and rare neoplasm. Undifferentiated uterine sarcoma has a worse prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Undifferentiated Uterine Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated uterine sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Undifferentiated Endometrial Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Undifferentiated Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL033042"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Undifferentiated_Uterine_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Undifferentiated uterine sarcoma"}]}}{"C4263":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Endometrioid Stromal Sarcoma","code":"C4263","definitions":[{"description":"An infiltrating mesenchymal tumor arising from the uterine corpus, cervix, vagina, and the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of oval to spindle-shape cells that resemble the cells of the endometrial stroma, without evidence of significant atypia and pleomorphism. Numerous small vessels are also present. It is usually characterized by indolent growth and late recurrences.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endolymphatic Stromal Myosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endolymphatic stromal myosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Low Grade Endometrioid Stromal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Endometrioid Stromal Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334486"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8931/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Low_Grade_Endometrial_Stromal_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stromal endometriosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrial stromatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stromal myosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8931/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endolymphatic stromal myosis"}]}}{"C3726":{"preferredName":"Adenomyoma","code":"C3726","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of a glandular and a mesenchymal component.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of a glandular and a mesenchymal (fibromyomatous) component. It occurs in the uterine corpus and the cervix. A variant of adenomyoma associated with glandular architectural complexity is called atypical polypoid adenomyoma. Simple polypectomy is usually curative. Atypical polypoid adenomyoma may recur following polypectomy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOMYOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adenomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206622"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8932/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8932/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenomyoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenomyoma"}]}}{"C6895":{"preferredName":"Atypical Polypoid Adenomyoma","code":"C6895","definitions":[{"description":"An adenomyoma characterized by the presence of marked glandular architectural complexity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Polypoid Adenomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical polypoid adenomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1300347"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Polypoid_Adenomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical polypoid adenomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8932/0"}]}}{"C9474":{"preferredName":"Adenosarcoma","code":"C9474","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor that is a mixture of an adenoma (a tumor that starts in the gland-like cells of epithelial tissue) and a sarcoma (a tumor that starts in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue). An example of an adenosarcoma is Wilms tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A low grade malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of a benign epithelial component (tubular and cleft-like glands) and a low grade sarcomatous component that contains varying amounts of fibrous and smooth muscle tissues. In a minority of cases, the sarcomatous component contains heterologous elements including striated muscle, cartilage, and fat. It occurs in the uterine corpus, ovary, fallopian tube, cervix, and vagina. It may recur and in a minority of cases may metastasize to distant anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adenosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adenosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mullerian Adenosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mullerian adenosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Müllerian Adenosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"adenosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001442"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8933/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mullerian_Adenosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8933/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mullerian adenosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenosarcoma"}]}}{"C40182":{"preferredName":"Uterine Corpus Carcinofibroma","code":"C40182","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon malignant neoplasm arising from the uterine corpus. It is characterized by the presence of a malignant epithelial component and a benign mesenchymal (usually fibrous) component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uterine Corpus Carcinofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883485"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8934/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Uterine_Corpus_Adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8934/3"}]}}{"C66772":{"preferredName":"Benign Stromal Tumor","code":"C66772","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of mesenchymal stromal cells without evidence of cellular atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0474833"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8935/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Stromal_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stromal tumor, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8935/0"}]}}{"C6781":{"preferredName":"Stromal Neoplasm","code":"C6781","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor that arises in the supporting connective tissue of an organ.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm composed of stromal cells. Representative examples include gastrointestinal stromal tumor, endometrial stromal sarcoma, and prostate stromal sarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Stromal Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"stromal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0879615"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8935/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stromal_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stromal tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8935/1"}]}}{"C6926":{"preferredName":"Stromal Sarcoma","code":"C6926","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of atypical mesenchymal-stromal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of atypical mesenchymal-stromal cells. Representative examples include endometrial stromal sarcoma and prostate stromal sarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"STROMAL SARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Stromal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stromal Tumor, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1370723"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8935/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Stromal_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Stromal sarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8935/3"}]}}{"C27242":{"preferredName":"Low Risk Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","code":"C27242","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LR GIST","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Risk GIST","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Risk Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266136"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Low_Risk_Gastrointestinal_Stromal_Tumor"}]}}{"C3868":{"preferredName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","code":"C3868","definitions":[{"description":"A type of tumor that usually begins in cells in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. It can be benign or malignant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A stromal tumor most commonly seen in the gastrointestinal tract. Rare cases of solitary masses in the omentum or the mesentery have also been reported (extragastrointestinal gastrointestinal stromal tumor). It is a tumor that differentiates along the lines of interstitial cells of Cajal. Most cases contain KIT- or PDGFRA-activating mutations. Until recently, surgery has been the only effective therapy for this tumor. However, many patients still experience recurrence. Conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy have been of limited value. A KIT tyrosine kinase inhibitor, imatinib mesylate (also known as STI-571 or Gleevec), is now effective in the treatment of relapsed and unresectable cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GIST","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GIST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"GIST, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"GISTs","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"gastrointestinal stromal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0238198"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8936/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gastrointestinal_Stromal_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8936/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"GIST, NOS"}]}}{"C27940":{"preferredName":"Gastrointestinal Autonomic Nerve Tumor","code":"C27940","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of gastrointestinal stromal tumor with ultrastructural features of neural differentiation. It is composed of spindle or epithelioid neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GANT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GANT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Autonomic Nerve Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor with Neurogenic Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Plexosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2931518"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gastrointestinal_Autonomic_Nerve_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"GANT"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8936/1"}]}}{"C54000":{"preferredName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential","code":"C54000","definitions":[{"description":"A gastrointestinal stromal tumor that is characterized by a maximum diameter greater than 5 cm and equal or less than 10 cm (gastric localization), or greater than 2 cm and equal or less than 5 cm (intestinal localization) and no more than 5 mitotic figures per 50 high power fields.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential","termGroup":"HD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, uncertain malignant potential","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704399"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gastrointestinal_Stromal_Tumor_of_Uncertain_Malignant_Potential"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, uncertain malignant potential"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8936/1"}]}}{"C27243":{"preferredName":"High Risk Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","code":"C27243","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HR GIST","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Risk GIST","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Risk Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3179349"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"High_Risk_Gastrointestinal_Stromal_Tumor"}]}}{"C8602":{"preferredName":"Pleomorphic Adenoma","code":"C8602","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of epithelial and/or myoepithelial cells and a mesenchymal component.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A neoplasm characterized by the presence of benign epithelial and myoepithelial cells and a mesenchymal component that may contain mucoid, myxoid, cartilaginous, or osseous areas. It may be completely or partially encapsulated. It occurs in the parotid gland, submandibular gland, minor salivary glands in the oral cavity, upper respiratory tract, and nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. It usually presents as a slow growing painless mass. Infrequently, patients may present with pain and facial palsy. It may recur after excision or transform to a malignant neoplasm (carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleomorphic Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"TUMOR, MIXED, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026277"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8940/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pleomorphic_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed tumor, salivary gland type, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleomorphic adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8940/0"}]}}{"C4474":{"preferredName":"Benign Mixed Tumor of the Skin","code":"C4474","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, benign, slow-growing and painless neoplasm of sweat glands. It usually arises in the head and neck. It is characterized by the presence of a mesenchymal chondroid stroma, fibrosis, and epithelial structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Mixed Tumor of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Mixed Tumor of Skin (Chondroid Syringoma)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Mixed Tumor of the Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Mixed Tumor of the Skin (Chondroid Syringoma)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chondroid Syringoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chondroid syringoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mixed Tumor of the Skin (Chondroid Syringoma)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346026"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Mixed_Tumor_of_the_Skin_Chondroid_Syringoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chondroid syringoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8940/0"}]}}{"C6930":{"preferredName":"Mixed Neoplasm","code":"C6930","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm composed of at least two distinct cellular populations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1368354"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8940/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8940/0"}]}}{"C8025":{"preferredName":"Malignant Mixed Tumor of the Salivary Gland","code":"C8025","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the salivary gland. It includes carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, a malignant epithelial tumor arising from a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma and carcinosarcoma which is characterized by a mixture of malignant epithelial and sarcomatous elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Cell Type Neoplasm of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Cell Type Neoplasm of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Neoplasm of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Neoplasm of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Tumor of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Tumor of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Tumor of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Tumor of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Salivary Gland Mixed Cell Type Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Salivary Gland Mixed Cell Type Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Salivary Gland Mixed Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Salivary Gland Mixed Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Malignant Neoplasm of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Malignant Neoplasm of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Malignant Salivary Gland Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Malignant Salivary Gland Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Malignant Tumor of Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Malignant Tumor of the Salivary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed tumor, salivary gland type, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0344459"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Mixed_Tumor_of_the_Salivary_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed tumor, salivary gland type, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed tumor, malignant, NOS"}]}}{"C4397":{"preferredName":"Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma","code":"C4397","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma arising in a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma. It most often occurs in the parotid gland and less often in the submandibular gland and minor salivary gland. Patients usually present with a history of a long-standing mass which recently had undergone rapid growth. The prognosis depends on the invasiveness of the malignant component. Patients with non-invasive or minimally invasive tumors usually have a good prognosis following surgical resection. Invasive tumors are usually aggressive and are associated with recurrences and metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in Pleomorphic Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0344460"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8941/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carcinoma_Ex_Pleomorphic_Adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8941/3"}]}}{"C3730":{"preferredName":"Mixed Mesodermal (Mullerian) Tumor","code":"C3730","definitions":[{"description":"A rare cancer of the uterus, ovary, or fallopian tubes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A group of tumors affecting the female reproductive system, characterized by the presence of epithelial and stromal elements. It includes the following clinicopathological entities: adenofibroma, adenomyoma, Mullerian adenosarcoma, and malignant mixed mesodermal (Mullerian) tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesodermal mixed tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mixed Mesodermal (Mullerian) Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mesodermal (Mullerian) Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mesodermal (Müllerian) Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mesodermal (Müllerian) Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Mullerian Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Müllerian Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mullerian mixed tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mullerian tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206627"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8951/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8950/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Mesodermal_Mullerian_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesodermal mixed tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mullerian mixed tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8950/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8951/3"}]}}{"C7504":{"preferredName":"Adult Cystic Nephroma","code":"C7504","definitions":[{"description":"A localized, well-circumscribed multilocular tumor lined by hobnail epithelium. It was previously classified along with pediatric cystic nephroma, as a separate entity from mixed epithelial and stromal tumors. Now it is classified within the spectrum of the mixed epithelial and stromal tumor family. Most of these tumors are benign. (WHO 2016).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Cystic Nephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign cystic nephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cystic Nephroma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266138"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8959/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cystic_Nephroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Benign cystic nephroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8959/0"}]}}{"C6897":{"preferredName":"Cystic Partially Differentiated Kidney Nephroblastoma","code":"C6897","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, cystic variant of Wilms tumor wholly comprising cysts in which their thin septa form the only solid portion of the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A variant of Wilms tumor of the kidney characterized by the presence of cystic spaces separated by septa. The septa contain immature epithelial cells, immature stromal cells, and blastema cells. Surgical resection is usually curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystic Partially Differentiated Kidney Nephroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Partially Differentiated Nephroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Cystic Nephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Multilocular Cystic Nephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant cystic nephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant multilocular cystic nephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266139"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8959/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8959/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cystic_Partially_Differentiated_Nephroblastoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Cystic Partially Differentiated Nephroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant cystic nephroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant multilocular cystic nephroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8959/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8959/3"}]}}{"C6569":{"preferredName":"Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma","code":"C6569","definitions":[{"description":"A congenital malignant neoplasm of the kidney characterized by the presence of fibroblastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A low grade childhood congenital malignant neoplasm arising from the kidney, which is characterized by the presence of fibroblastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of kidney tumor that is usually found before birth by ultrasound or within the first 3 months of life. It contains fibroblastic cells (connective tissue cells), and may spread to the other kidney or to nearby tissue. Congenital mesoblastic nephroma is more common in males.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A low grade childhood congenital malignant neoplasm arising from the kidney. It is characterized by the presence of fibroblastic cells. The majority of cases occur in the first year of life. Complete excision is usually associated with an excellent prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CMN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Mesoblastic Nephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesoblastic nephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"STROMAL NEPHROMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"congenital mesoblastic nephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1332965"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8960/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Childhood_Congenital_Mesoblastic_Nephroma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesoblastic nephroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8960/1"}]}}{"C40407":{"preferredName":"Kidney Wilms Tumor","code":"C40407","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which malignant (cancer) cells are found in the kidney, and may spread to the lungs, liver, or nearby lymph nodes. Wilms tumor usually occurs in children younger than 5 years old.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant embryonal neoplasm of the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An embryonal pediatric tumor of the kidney which may also be seen rarely in adults. The peak incidence of Wilms tumor is between the second and fifth year of life. Microscopically, it is composed of a mixture of cellular elements (blastemal, stromal, and epithelial). The most common sites of metastasis include the regional lymph nodes, lungs, and liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Embryonal Nephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Kidney Nephroblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney Wilms Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Kidney Wilms Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NEPHROBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nephroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Nephroblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Wilms Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Wilms' Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Wilms' Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wilms Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Wilms Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wilms' Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Wilms' Tumor of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wilms' tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027708"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8960/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Renal_Wilms_Tumor"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Nephroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nephroblastoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nephroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8960/3"}]}}{"C3808":{"preferredName":"Rhabdoid Tumor","code":"C3808","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant tumor of either the central nervous system (CNS) or the kidney. Malignant rhabdoid tumors of the CNS often have an abnormality of chromosome 22. These tumors usually occur in children younger than 2 years.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggressive cancer of the central nervous system, kidney, or liver that occurs in very young children.\"","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Extremely aggressive malignancies that generally occur in infants and young children. The most common locations are the kidney and central nervous system (CNS), although they can also arise in most soft tissue sites. Approximately two-thirds of patients will present with advanced-stage disease. Rhabdoid tumors of the kidney tend to metastasize to the CNS and lungs. Rhabdoid tumors are associated with mutations of SMARCB1 (INI-1), a tumor suppressor gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An aggressive malignant embryonal neoplasm usually occurring during childhood. It is characterized by the presence of large cells with abundant cytoplasm, large eccentric nucleus, and a prominent nucleolus and it is associated with abnormalities of chromosome 22. It can arise from the central nervous system, kidney, and the soft tissues. The prognosis is poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rhabdoid Sarcoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"rhabdoid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206743"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8963/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rhabdoid_Tumor"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Rhabdoid Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rhabdoid sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rhabdoid tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8963/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant rhabdoid tumor"}]}}{"C39812":{"preferredName":"Metanephric Adenofibroma","code":"C39812","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, solitary, and partially cystic neoplasm arising from the kidney. It occurs in children and adults. Presenting symptoms include hematuria and polycythemia. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial nodules embedded in a stroma containing spindle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metanephric Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nephrogenic Adenofibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nephrogenic adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266141"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8965/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Metanephric_Adenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nephrogenic adenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8965/0"}]}}{"C5100":{"preferredName":"Renomedullary Interstitial Cell Tumor","code":"C5100","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, asymptomatic kidney tumor arising from renomedullary interstitial cells. It is often found incidentally at the time of nephrectomy in adults. These tumors are either single or multiple and usually measure 1-10 mm in diameter. Microscopically the tumor cells are small, stellate, or spindled cells, embedded in a faintly basophilic stroma reminiscent of renal medullary stroma. (WHO 2016)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroma of Renal Medulla","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kidney Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Hamartoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renomedullary Interstitial Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renomedullary interstitial cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1335742"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8966/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Renal_Fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renomedullary interstitial cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8966/0"}]}}{"C66774":{"preferredName":"Ossifying Renal Tumor of Infancy","code":"C66774","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the kidney occurring in infants. It develops as an intracalyceal mass and is characterized by the presence of osteoid formation, osteoblast-like cells, and spindle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ORTI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossifying Renal Tumor of Infancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossifying renal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1882198"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8967/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ossifying_Renal_Tumor_of_Infancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ossifying renal tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8967/0"}]}}{"C3728":{"preferredName":"Hepatoblastoma","code":"C3728","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant liver neoplasm composed of immature hepatocytic elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant liver tumor that arises from precursors of hepatocytes. It occurs almost exclusively in infants. The lungs are the most common site of metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of liver tumor that occurs in infants and children.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant liver neoplasm that occurs almost exclusively in infants, although isolated cases in older children and adults have been reported. Grossly, hepatoblastoma is solid, well circumscribed, and more often solitary than multiple. Microscopically, most of the tumors are composed exclusively of immature hepatocytic elements. About a fourth of hepatoblastomas contain a stromal component that may be undifferentiated or develop into bone or cartilage. The treatment of choice for hepatoblastoma is surgical excision with adjuvant therapy. Liver transplantation is being increasingly used as well.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HBL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HBL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HEPATOBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pediatric Embryonal Hepatoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pediatric Embryonal Hepatoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pediatric Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pediatric Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206624"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8970/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatoblastoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hepatoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatoblastoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Embryonal hepatoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Hepatoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8970/3"}]}}{"C7097":{"preferredName":"Mixed Epithelial and Mesenchymal Hepatoblastoma","code":"C7097","definitions":[{"description":"A hepatoblastoma characterized by the presence of fetal and embryonal epithelial components and a mesenchymal component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A hepatoblastoma characterized by the presence of fetal and embryonal epithelial components and a mesenchymal component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatoblastoma, mixed epithelial-mesenchymal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mixed Epithelial and Mesenchymal Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Epithelial and Mesenchymal Hepatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334784"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8970/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Epithelial_and_Mesenchymal_Hepatoblastoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Mixed Epithelial and Mesenchymal Hepatoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatoblastoma, mixed epithelial-mesenchymal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8970/3"}]}}{"C4265":{"preferredName":"Pancreatoblastoma","code":"C4265","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from the pancreas. The vast majority of cases occur during childhood. It is characterized by acinar differentiation, the formation of squamoid corpuscles, and the formation of stromal bands. Patients may present with an abdominal mass. Symptoms include pain, weight loss, and diarrhea. It may metastasize to lymph nodes, liver, and distant anatomic sites. Children who do not have metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis usually have a favorable clinical outcome when treated with a combination of surgery and chemotherapy. However, children with metastatic disease at presentation or adult patients usually have a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pancreatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Pancreatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334489"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8971/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreatoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8971/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatoblastoma"}]}}{"C3732":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Blastoma","code":"C3732","definitions":[{"description":"A biphasic tumor that consists of fetal adenocarcinoma (typically low-grade) and primitive mesenchymal stroma. Foci of specific mesenchymal differentiation (osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, or rhabdomyosarcoma) may also be present, but are not required for the diagnosis. Most patients are smokers. The prognosis is very poor. (WHO 2015)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Blastoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blastoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Blastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pneumoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pneumoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206629"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8972/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pulmonary_Blastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pneumoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary blastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8972/3"}]}}{"C5669":{"preferredName":"Pleuropulmonary Blastoma","code":"C5669","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm affecting the lungs and/or the pleura. Pleuropulmonary blastoma is seen in children. Microscopically, the tumor may show features of chondrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, or undifferentiated sarcoma. In approximately 25% of patients there is a predisposition for other tumors. Heterozygous germline mutations in DICER1 gene have been identified in families harboring pleuropulmonary blastomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare and very aggressive (fast-growing) cancer that forms in tissues of the lung and pleura (a thin layer of tissue that covers the lungs and lines the interior wall of the chest cavity). Pleuropulmonary blastoma is most common in children.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm affecting the lungs and/or the pleura. Pleuropulmonary blastoma is seen in children. Microscopically, the tumor may show features of chondrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, or undifferentiated sarcoma. In approximately 25% of patients with pleuropulmonary blastoma, there are other lesions or neoplasms that may affect patients or their families, including lung or kidney cysts, and ovarian or testicular neoplasms. Heterozygous germline mutations in DICER1 gene have been identified in families harboring pleuropulmonary blastomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleuropulmonary Blastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pleuropulmonary Blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Pleuropulmonary Blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pleuropulmonary Blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleuropulmonary Blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pleuropulmonary blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Blastoma of Childhood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pleuropulmonary blastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266144"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8973/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pleuropulmonary_Blastoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Pleuropulmonary Blastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleuropulmonary blastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8973/3"}]}}{"C35837":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Sialoblastoma","code":"C35837","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, congenital or perinatal, aggressive and potentially low-grade malignant basaloid neoplasm that occurs in the major salivary glands. It typically presents as a mass over the angle of the mandible. Most involve the parotid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Salivary Gland Sialoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sialoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1335911"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8974/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Salivary_Gland_Sialoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sialoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8974/1"}]}}{"C96830":{"preferredName":"Calcifying Nested Stromal-Epithelial Tumor of the Liver","code":"C96830","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant tumor that arises from the liver and occurs in children. It is characterized by the presence of nested epithelioid and spindle cells. Desmoplasia, calcifications, and bone formation may also be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNSET","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Nested Epithelial Stromal Tumor of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Nested Epithelial-Stromal Tumor of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Nested Stromal Epithelial Tumor of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Nested Stromal-Epithelial Tumor of the Liver","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying nested epithelial stromal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273067"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8975/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Calcifying nested epithelial stromal tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Calcifying nested stromal-epithelial tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8975/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Calcifying fibrous tumor"}]}}{"C34448":{"preferredName":"Carcinosarcoma","code":"C34448","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm comprising a mixture of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant tumor that is a mixture of carcinoma (cancer of epithelial tissue, which is skin and tissue that lines or covers the internal organs) and sarcoma (cancer of connective tissue, such as bone, cartilage, and fat).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor composed of a mixture of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinosarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007140"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8980/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carcinosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinosarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8980/3"}]}}{"C8975":{"preferredName":"Malignant Mixed Mesodermal (Mullerian) Tumor","code":"C8975","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the female reproductive tract (mostly uterus and ovaries) originating from the Mullerian ducts and composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare type of tumor that is a mixture of carcinoma and sarcoma cells. MMMT usually occurs in the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggressive malignant tumor of the female reproductive system, affecting predominantly elderly menopausal women. The endometrium and ovary are the most common sites of tumor origin. Morphologically, it is a high grade tumor, composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinosarcoma, embryonal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"MMMT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MMMT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MMMT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MULLERIAN TUMOR, MIXED, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Mesodermal (Mullerian) Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Mesodermal (Müllerian) Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Mesodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Mesodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Mullerian Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Müllerian Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"malignant mixed Mullerian tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334603"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Mixed_Mesodermal_Mullerian_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinosarcoma, embryonal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8981/3"}]}}{"C40392":{"preferredName":"Myoepithelial Tumor","code":"C40392","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant tumor characterized by the presence of cells that show myoepithelial differentiation. Based on its morphologic features, it is classified as benign or malignant. A representative example of benign myoepithelioma is benign salivary gland myoepithelioma. Representative examples of malignant myoepithelioma or myoepithelial carcinoma are malignant breast myoepithelioma and salivary gland myoepithelial carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myoepithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myoepithelial Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myoepithelial tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myoepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myoepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027070"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8982/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8982/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myoepithelial_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myoepithelial tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myoepithelioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myoepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8982/0"}]}}{"C7442":{"preferredName":"Benign Myoepithelioma","code":"C7442","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of myoepithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tumor with myoepithelial differentiation that lacks an infiltrative growth pattern and does not metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Myoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MYOEPITHELIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1947949"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Myoepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myoepithelial adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8982/0"}]}}{"C7596":{"preferredName":"Malignant Myoepithelioma","code":"C7596","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of myoepithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An infiltrating malignant tumor characterized by the presence of atypical cells with myoepithelial differentiation. Representative examples include malignant breast myoepithelioma and salivary gland myoepithelial carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MYOEPITHELIOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Myoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Myoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Myoepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant myoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myoepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myoepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myoepithelial carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334699"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8982/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myoepithelial_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant myoepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myoepithelial carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8982/3"}]}}{"C6899":{"preferredName":"Breast Adenomyoepithelioma","code":"C6899","definitions":[{"description":"A usually benign tumor arising from the breast. It is characterized by the proliferation of cells with myoepithelial differentiation around spaces which are lined by epithelial cells. Rarely, the epithelial and/or myoepithelial cells may undergo malignant transformation. Cases with malignant transformation may follow an aggressive clinical course, including recurrences and local and distant metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenomyoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adenomyoepithelioma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Adenomyoepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1510795"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8983/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenomyoepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenomyoepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenomyoepithelioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8983/0"}]}}{"C4267":{"preferredName":"Benign Mesenchymoma","code":"C4267","definitions":[{"description":"A benign soft-tissue neoplasm comprising two or more non-fibroblastic mesenchymal lines of differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A term describing a benign soft tissue tumor which consists of two or more mesenchymal lines of differentiation, excluding a fibroblastic line of differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Mesenchymoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MESENCHYMAL TUMOR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesenchymoma, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334491"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8990/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Mesenchymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesenchymoma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8990/0"}]}}{"C3233":{"preferredName":"Mesenchymoma","code":"C3233","definitions":[{"description":"A term describing a soft tissue tumor which consists of two or more mesenchymal lines of differentiation, excluding a fibroblastic line of differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesenchymoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesenchymoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025464"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8990/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mesenchymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesenchymoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed mesenchymal tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8990/1"}]}}{"C4268":{"preferredName":"Malignant Mesenchymoma","code":"C4268","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant soft tissue neoplasm which consists of two or more mesenchymal lines of differentiation, excluding a fibroblastic line of differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A term describing a malignant soft tissue tumor which consists of two or more mesenchymal lines of differentiation, excluding a fibroblastic line of differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MESENCHYMOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesenchymoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesenchymoma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mixed mesenchymal sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334492"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8990/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Mesenchymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesenchymoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed mesenchymal sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8990/3"}]}}{"C27096":{"preferredName":"Liver Embryonal Sarcoma","code":"C27096","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the liver and usually occurs in older children. It is composed of immature spindle, stellate, polymorphous, and giant cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Embryonal Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Sarcoma (Undifferentiated Sarcoma)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Sarcoma of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Liver Embryonal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UES","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated (Embryonal) Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0855073"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8991/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8805/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Undifferentiated_Embryonal_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Embryonal sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8991/3"}]}}{"C39954":{"preferredName":"Brenner Tumor","code":"C39954","definitions":[{"description":"A usually benign tumor composed of solid and cystic nests of epithelial cells resembling transitional epithelium; it is surrounded by an abundant stromal component that is dense and fibroblastic in nature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brenner tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL323981"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9000/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Brenner_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Brenner tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9000/0"}]}}{"C9459":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Brenner Tumor/Atypical Proliferative Ovarian Brenner Tumor","code":"C9459","definitions":[{"description":"A transitional cell neoplasm of low malignant potential arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic transitional cells with atypical or malignant features without evidence of stromal invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Brenner Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Brenner Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Brenner Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Brenner Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Brenner Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Brenner Tumor/Atypical Proliferative Ovarian Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Brenner Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Brenner Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Brenner Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Brenner Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Ovarian Brenner Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Malignancy Potential Ovarian Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Brenner Neoplasm of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Brenner Neoplasm of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Brenner Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Brenner Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Ovarian Brenner Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Proliferating Ovarian Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334494"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9000/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Brenner_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Brenner tumor, borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Brenner tumor, proliferating"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9000/1"}]}}{"C4270":{"preferredName":"Malignant Ovarian Brenner Tumor","code":"C4270","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of an invasive malignant transitional cell component and nests of benign transitional cells in a fibrotic stroma. When the neoplasm is confined to the ovary, the prognosis is good.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brenner tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Brenner Tumor of Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Brenner Tumor of the Ovary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Malignant Ovarian Brenner Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334495"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9000/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Brenner_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Brenner tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9000/3"}]}}{"C3744":{"preferredName":"Breast Fibroadenoma","code":"C3744","definitions":[{"description":"A benign (not cancer) tumor that usually forms in the breast from both fibrous and glandular tissue. Fibroadenomas are the most common benign breast tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm originating from glandular cells with a fibrous or fibroblastic component.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign tumor of the breast characterized by the presence of stromal and epithelial elements. It presents as a painless, solitary, slow growing, firm, and mobile mass. It is the most common benign breast lesion. It usually occurs in women of childbearing age. The majority of fibroadenomas do not recur after complete excision. A slightly increased risk of developing cancer within fibroadenomas or in the breast tissue of patients previously treated for fibroadenomas has been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"FIBROADENOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroadenoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroadenoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroadenoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroadenoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206650"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9010/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibroadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibroadenoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9010/0"}]}}{"C4271":{"preferredName":"Breast Intracanalicular Fibroadenoma","code":"C4271","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of breast fibroadenoma without clinical significance. It is characterized by distortion and compression of the ducts by proliferating stromal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Intracanalicular Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracanalicular Breast Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracanalicular Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracanalicular Fibroadenoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracanalicular Fibroadenoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracanalicular fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334496"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9011/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intracanalicular_Fibroadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intracanalicular fibroadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9011/0"}]}}{"C4272":{"preferredName":"Breast Pericanalicular Fibroadenoma","code":"C4272","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of breast fibroadenoma without clinical significance. It is characterized by circumferential proliferation of stromal cells around the ducts. This results in the formation of rounded ductal-epithelial structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Pericanalicular Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pericanalicular Breast Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pericanalicular Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pericanalicular Fibroadenoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pericanalicular Fibroadenoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pericanalicular fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334497"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9012/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pericanalicular_Fibroadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pericanalicular fibroadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9012/0"}]}}{"C8984":{"preferredName":"Female Reproductive System Adenofibroma","code":"C8984","definitions":[{"description":"Benign mixed neoplasm comprised of epithelial/glandular and mesenchymal structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign or borderline neoplasm characterized by the presence of connective tissue stroma and epithelial structures. It occurs in the ovary, fallopian tube, uterine corpus, and cervix.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOFIBROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Mixed Muellerian Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Female Reproductive System Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001422"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9013/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenofibroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9013/0"}]}}{"C8985":{"preferredName":"Cystadenofibroma","code":"C8985","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or borderline neoplasm that arises from the ovaries and the fallopian tubes. It is characterized by the presence of cystic glandular structures and fibrous tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystadenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystadenofibroma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334317"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cystadenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystadenofibroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9013/0"}]}}{"C8986":{"preferredName":"Papillary Adenofibroma","code":"C8986","definitions":[{"description":"A biphasic polypoid neoplasm characterized by the presence of papillary projections that are lined by epithelial cells and fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1377850"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Adenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary adenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9013/0"}]}}{"C67090":{"preferredName":"Serous Adenofibroma","code":"C67090","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or borderline adenofibroma characterized by the presence of serous secretory cells and minute cystic spaces filled with watery fluid. A representative example is the ovarian serous adenofibroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Serous Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334498"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9014/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Serous_Adenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous adenofibroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9014/0"}]}}{"C40028":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Serous Adenofibroma","code":"C40028","definitions":[{"description":"A low malignant potential adenofibroma arising from the ovary. It is characterized by an atypical epithelial hyperplasia. The epithelial cells are of serous type. There is no evidence of stromal destructive invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Serous Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous adenofibroma of borderline malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511266"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9014/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Ovarian_Serous_Adenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous adenofibroma of borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9014/1"}]}}{"C67092":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Serous Adenocarcinofibroma","code":"C67092","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the ovary with an invasive epithelial component and a fibrotic stroma. The epithelial component is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells of serous type, forming glandular, papillary, and solid patterns.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Serous Adenocarcinofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous adenocarcinofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2212013"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9014/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Serous_Adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9014/3"}]}}{"C8978":{"preferredName":"Mucinous Adenofibroma","code":"C8978","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or borderline adenofibroma characterized by the presence of epithelial cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin and a fibrotic stroma. A representative example is the ovarian mucinous adenofibroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucinous Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334499"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9015/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucinous_Adenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous adenofibroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9015/0"}]}}{"C8979":{"preferredName":"Mucinous Cystadenofibroma","code":"C8979","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by mucinous columnar epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucinous Cystadenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1377844"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucinous_Cystadenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous cystadenofibroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9015/0"}]}}{"C66775":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Mucinous Adenofibroma","code":"C66775","definitions":[{"description":"A low malignant potential adenofibroma of the ovary It is characterized by an atypical epithelial hyperplasia. The epithelial cells contain intracytoplasmic mucin. There is no evidence of stromal destructive invasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Mucinous Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous adenofibroma of borderline malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ovarian Mucinous Adenofibroma of Borderline Malignancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881912"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9015/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucinous_Adenofibroma_of_Borderline_Malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous adenofibroma of borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9015/1"}]}}{"C40034":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Mucinous Adenocarcinofibroma","code":"C40034","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the ovary with an invasive epithelial component and a fibrotic stroma. The epithelial component is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with intracytoplasmic mucin. Cystic spaces are also present which contain mucoid material.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucinous adenocarcinofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ovarian Mucinous Adenocarcinofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Mucinous Malignant Adenofibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2212014"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9015/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Mucinous_Adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous adenocarcinofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9015/3"}]}}{"C4273":{"preferredName":"Breast Giant Fibroadenoma","code":"C4273","definitions":[{"description":"A breast fibroadenoma characterized by a very large size. This term has also been used as a synonym for juvenile fibroadenoma by some authors. The latter is characterized by epithelial hyperplasia and an increased stromal cellularity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Giant Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Breast Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Fibroadenoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Fibroadenoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334500"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9016/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Giant_Fibroadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant fibroadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9016/0"}]}}{"C4274":{"preferredName":"Benign Phyllodes Tumor","code":"C4274","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, circumscribed fibroepithelial neoplasm arising from the breast and rarely the prostate gland. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial structures which are arranged in clefts and by a hypercellular mesenchymal stroma which is organized in leaf-like structures. There is no evidence of cellular atypia or sarcomatous features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Cystosarcoma Phyllodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Phyllodes Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Phyllodes Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystosarcoma phyllodes, benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Phyllodes tumor, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334501"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9020/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Phyllodes_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystosarcoma phyllodes, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Phyllodes tumor, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9020/0"}]}}{"C7503":{"preferredName":"Borderline Phyllodes Tumor","code":"C7503","definitions":[{"description":"A phyllodes tumor with morphologic characteristics which are intermediate between a benign and a malignant phyllodes tumor. The stromal sarcomatous changes are of low grade and are often reminiscent of low grade fibrosarcomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Phyllodes Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Borderline Phyllodes Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phyllodes tumor, borderline","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1370913"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9020/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Phyllodes_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Phyllodes tumor, borderline"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9020/1"}]}}{"C2977":{"preferredName":"Phyllodes Tumor","code":"C2977","definitions":[{"description":"A type of tumor found in breast or prostate tissue. It is often large and bulky and grows quickly. It may be benign (not cancer) or malignant (cancer) and may spread to other parts of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign, borderline, or malignant fibroepithelial neoplasm arising from the breast and rarely the prostate gland. It may recur following resection. The recurrence rates are higher for borderline and malignant phyllodes tumors. In borderline and malignant phyllodes tumors metastases to distant anatomic sites can occur. The incidence of metastases is higher in malignant phyllodes tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CSP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Cystosarcoma Phyllodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phyllodes Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phyllodes Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Phyllodes Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cystosarcoma phyllodes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"phyllodes tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010701"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Phyllodes_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystosarcoma phyllodes, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Phyllodes tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9020/1"}]}}{"C4275":{"preferredName":"Malignant Phyllodes Tumor","code":"C4275","definitions":[{"description":"A phyllodes tumor with sarcomatous stroma. The sarcomatous component is usually of the fibrosarcomatous type. Liposarcomatous, chondrosarcomatous, osteosarcomatous, or rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation may also occur in the stroma. It may recur and metastasize following surgical resection. The lung and skeleton are the anatomic sites most frequently involved by metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystosarcoma phyllodes, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Cystosarcoma Phyllodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Phyllodes Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Phyllodes Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Malignant Phyllodes Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phyllodes tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0600066"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9020/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Phyllodes_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystosarcoma phyllodes, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Phyllodes tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9020/3"}]}}{"C4276":{"preferredName":"Breast Juvenile Fibroadenoma","code":"C4276","definitions":[{"description":"A breast fibroadenoma characterized by epithelial hyperplasia and an increased stromal cellularity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Juvenile Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Breast Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Fibroadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Fibroadenoma of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Fibroadenoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile fibroadenoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346158"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9030/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Juvenile_Fibroadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juvenile fibroadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9030/0"}]}}{"C3829":{"preferredName":"Benign Synovial Neoplasm","code":"C3829","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from the synovial membrane.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from the synovial membrane. Examples include the diffuse giant cell tumor of tendon sheath and localized giant cell tumor of tendon sheath.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Synovial Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Benign Synovial Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Synovial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Synovial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Synovioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Synovioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SYNOVIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Synovioma, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0221289"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9040/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Synovial_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Synovioma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9040/0"}]}}{"C3400":{"preferredName":"Synovial Sarcoma","code":"C3400","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm that usually arises in the synovial membranes of the joints and the synovial cells of the tendons and bursae.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant tumor that develops in the synovial membrane of the joints.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by the chromosomal translocation t(X;18)(p11;q11). It can occur at any age, but mainly affects young adults, more commonly males. Although any site can be affected, the vast majority of the cases arise in the deep soft tissues of extremities, especially around the knee. Microscopically, synovial sarcoma is classified as monophasic (with a spindle or epithelial cell component) or biphasic (with both spindle and epithelial cell components). Synovial sarcomas can recur or metastasize to the lungs, bones, and lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SARCOMA, SYNOVIAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovial Sarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovial Sarcoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovial sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Synovial sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Synovial sarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Synovioma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"synovial sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039101"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9040/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Synovial_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Synovioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Synovioma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9040/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Synovial sarcoma, NOS"}]}}{"C4277":{"preferredName":"Spindle Cell Synovial Sarcoma","code":"C4277","definitions":[{"description":"A synovial sarcoma characterized by the presence of a spindle cell component only.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spindle Cell Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovial Sarcoma with Spindle Cell Components","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovial sarcoma, spindle cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334505"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9041/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Synovial_Sarcoma_with_Spindle_Cell_Components"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Synovial sarcoma, monophasic fibrous"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Synovial sarcoma, spindle cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9041/3"}]}}{"C4278":{"preferredName":"Epithelial Synovial Sarcoma","code":"C4278","definitions":[{"description":"A synovial sarcoma characterized by the presence of an epithelial cell component only. The epithelial cells are arranged in glandular or papillary structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelial Sarcoma of Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Sarcoma of the Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelial Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Sarcoma of Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Sarcoma of the Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Cell Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovial sarcoma, epithelioid cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334506"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9042/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epithelioid_Synovial_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Synovial sarcoma, epithelioid cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9042/3"}]}}{"C4279":{"preferredName":"Biphasic Synovial Sarcoma","code":"C4279","definitions":[{"description":"A synovial sarcoma characterized by the presence of both an epithelial and a spindle cell component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biphasic Sarcoma of Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biphasic Sarcoma of the Synovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biphasic Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Biphasic Synovial Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334507"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9043/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Biphasic_Synovial_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Synovial sarcoma, biphasic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9043/3"}]}}{"C3745":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of Soft Tissue","code":"C3745","definitions":[{"description":"A soft tissue tumor that begins in a tendon (tough, fibrous, cord-like tissue that connects muscle to bone or to another structure). Clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue has certain markers that are also found on malignant melanoma (a type of skin cancer). It usually occurs in the leg or arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare malignant neoplasm with melanocytic differentiation characterized by the presence of polygonal or spindle shaped clear cells. This sarcoma usually affects the tendons and aponeuroses and is associated with a poor prognosis due to recurrences and metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chordoid Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of Soft Parts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Sarcoma of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear cell sarcoma - not kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Clear cell sarcoma/Malignant melanoma of soft parts (excluding Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Dermal Clear Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma of Soft Parts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma of the Soft Parts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma, malignant, of soft parts","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"malignant melanoma of soft parts","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206651"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9044/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Sarcoma_of_Soft_Parts"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell sarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanoma, malignant, of soft parts"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9044/3"}]}}{"C3762":{"preferredName":"Adenomatoid Tumor","code":"C3762","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells. It is characterized by the formation of glandular and tubular patterns. It can occur in several anatomic sites including the pleura, peritoneum, and epididymis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenomatoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenomatoid Tumor, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenomatoid tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Benign Localized Epithelial Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Localized Epithelial Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Mesothelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Mesothelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Mesothelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Mesothelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Neoplasm of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Tumor of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MESOTHELIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma, benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206675"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9052/0"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9054/0"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9050/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenomatoid_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid mesothelioma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesothelioma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9054/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenomatoid tumor, NOS"}]}}{"C4456":{"preferredName":"Malignant Mesothelioma","code":"C4456","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm originating from mesothelial cells of the pleura or peritoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare type of cancer in which malignant cells are found in the sac lining the chest or abdomen. Exposure to airborne asbestos particles increases one's risk of developing malignant mesothelioma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm that arises from mesothelial cells. It is associated with exposure to asbestos.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MESOTHELIOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesothelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesothelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesothelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesothelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesothelioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Mesothelium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"malignant mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0345967"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9050/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Mesothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesothelioma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9050/3"}]}}{"C4457":{"preferredName":"Pleural Solitary Fibrous Tumor","code":"C4457","definitions":[{"description":"A localized neoplasm of probable fibroblastic derivation, that arises from the pleura. It is characterized by the presence of round to spindle-shaped cells, hylanized stroma formation, thin-walled branching blood vessels, and thin bands of collagen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroma of Pleura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroma of the Pleura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Localized Fibrous Mesothelioma of Pleura","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Localized Fibrous Mesothelioma of the Pleura","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural Solitary Fibrous Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleural Submesothelial Fibroma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Fibrous Tumor of Pleura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Pleura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334511"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pleural_Fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibrous mesothelioma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9051/0"}]}}{"C45655":{"preferredName":"Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma","code":"C45655","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells. Anaplastic morphologic features and multinucleated malignant cells may also be seen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334513"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sarcomatoid_Mesothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sarcomatoid mesothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibrous mesothelioma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spindled mesothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9051/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibrous mesothelioma, NOS"}]}}{"C6747":{"preferredName":"Desmoplastic Mesothelioma","code":"C6747","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells. It is characterized by the presence of a dense collagenous tissue and atypical neoplastic cells. Sarcomatoid features, collagenous necrosis, and infiltration of muscle and adipose tissue may be present. It occurs in the pleura and less commonly in the peritoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Desmoplastic Mesothelioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1270206"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9051/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Fibrous_Mesothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Desmoplastic mesothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9051/3"}]}}{"C7985":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Mesothelioma","code":"C7985","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells. It is characterized by the presence of cells with epithelioid morphology. The epithelioid cells usually have eosinophilic cytoplasm, bland nuclei, and form tubulopapillary, microglandular, or sheet-like patterns.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelial Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Mesothelioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid mesothelioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Epithelioid mesothelioma, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelial Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0862312"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9052/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epithelial_Mesothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid mesothelioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid mesothelioma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9052/3"}]}}{"C4282":{"preferredName":"Biphasic Mesothelioma","code":"C4282","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant mesothelioma characterized by the presence of epithelioid and sarcomatoid components, with each component representing at least 10% of the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Biphasic Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Biphasic Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Mixed Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesothelioma, biphasic, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mixed Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334515"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9053/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Mesothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesothelioma, biphasic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesothelioma, biphasic, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9053/3"}]}}{"C3765":{"preferredName":"Multicystic Mesothelioma","code":"C3765","definitions":[{"description":"An intermediate grade neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells. It occurs in the peritoneum, extraperitoneal space, omentum, or pelvic or abdominal viscera. It is characterized by the presence of multiple cysts lined by flattened or cuboidal mesothelial cells. There is no evidence of significant cytologic atypia or increased mitotic activity. It usually occurs in young to middle-aged women. Patients present with abdominal or pelvic mass and pain. Approximately half of the cases recur. The recurrences may appear several years after the initial diagnosis. Rare cases of transformation to malignant mesothelioma have also been described.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystic Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intermediate Mesothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multicystic Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multicystic mesothelioma, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206680"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9055/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9055/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cystic_Mesothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystic mesothelioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Multicystic mesothelioma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9055/0"}]}}{"C6536":{"preferredName":"Peritoneal Multicystic Mesothelioma","code":"C6536","definitions":[{"description":"A cystic mesothelioma that arises from the peritoneum and usually affects young to middle aged females. Grossly, it presents as a large multiloculated tumor mass, usually in the pelvic peritoneum. Histologically it is characterized by the presence of multiple cysts that are lined by one or more layers of mesothelial cells that do not show atypia. Patients usually present with abdominal or pelvic mass and pain. The clinical course is indolent. The tumor may recur, but transformation to diffuse malignant mesothelioma is rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multicystic Mesothelioma of Peritoneum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multicystic Mesothelioma of the Peritoneum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multilocular Peritoneal Inclusion Cyst","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peritoneal Multicystic Mesothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334818"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Multicystic_Peritoneal_Mesothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peritoneal inclusion cysts"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9055/0"}]}}{"C2996":{"preferredName":"Dysgerminoma","code":"C2996","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant germ cell neoplasm characterized by the presence of a monotonous primitive germ cell population, primarily in the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A seminomatous germ cell tumor originating in the ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of tumor that begins in the type of cells that give rise to egg cells and is most often found in the ovaries. Dysgerminomas may also occur in other places in the body, including the central nervous system. They are the most common type of ovarian germ cell tumor and can spread to other parts of the body. They are most common in females who are younger than 20 years old.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of a monotonous primitive germ cell population. The neoplastic cells form aggregates and have an abundant pale cytoplasm and uniform nuclei. The aggregates of the germ cells are separated by fibrous septa which contain inflammatory cells, mostly T-lymphocytes. It arises primarily in the ovaries, but can occur both primarily and secondarily at other sites, particularly the central nervous system. It responds to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Its prognosis is related to the tumor stage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DYSGERMINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dysgerminoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dysgerminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Dysgerminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dysgerminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Dysgerminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysgerminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Dysgerminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"dysgerminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013377"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9060/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dysgerminoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Dysgerminoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9060/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dysgerminoma"}]}}{"C9309":{"preferredName":"Seminoma","code":"C9309","definitions":[{"description":"A germinomatous germ cell tumor originating in the testis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A malignant germ cell neoplasm of the testis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of cancer of the testicles. Seminomas may spread to the lung, bone, liver, or brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A radiosensitive malignant germ cell tumor found in the testis (especially undescended), and extragonadal sites (anterior mediastinum and pineal gland). It is characterized by the presence of uniform cells with clear or dense cytoplasm which contains glycogen, and by a large nucleus which contains one or more nucleoli. The neoplastic germ cells form aggregates separated by fibrous septa. The fibrous septa contain chronic inflammatory cells, mainly lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SEMINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Seminoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Seminoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Seminoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Seminoma, Pure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Seminoma, Pure","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036631"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9061/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Seminoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Seminoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Seminoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9061/3"}]}}{"C39920":{"preferredName":"Testicular Seminoma with High Mitotic Index","code":"C39920","definitions":[{"description":"A seminoma of the testis characterized by increased cellular pleomorphism, high mitotic activity, and a non-prominent stromal lymphocytic infiltrate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Seminoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Seminoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Seminoma with high mitotic index","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Seminoma, anaplastic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Testicular Seminoma with High Mitotic Index","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334516"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9062/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Testicular_Seminoma_with_High_Mitotic_Index"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Seminoma with high mitotic index"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Seminoma, anaplastic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9062/3"}]}}{"C39921":{"preferredName":"Testicular Spermatocytic Tumor","code":"C39921","definitions":[{"description":"A testicular germ cell tumor derived from postpubertal-type germ cells. It is characterized by the presence of three cell types: round cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm, small cells with dark nucleus and a small amount of cytoplasm, and mono-or multinucleated giant cells. The neoplastic cells are not cohesive. There is an edematous stroma present; lymphocytic infiltrates are rarely seen. Most patients are older males.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spermatocytic Seminoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spermatocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spermatocytic seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Testicular Spermatocytic Seminoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Spermatocytic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334517"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9063/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Testicular_Spermatocytic_Seminoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spermatocytic seminoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spermatocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9063/3"}]}}{"C40345":{"preferredName":"Testicular Germ Cell Neoplasia In Situ","code":"C40345","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive lesion of the testis, characterized by the presence of malignant large germ cells with abundant cytoplasm in the seminiferous tubules. It may be associated with undescended or atrophic testis and infertility. The vast majority of cases progress to invasive germ cell tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GCNIS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gonocytoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"IGCNU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intratubular malignant germ cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Testicular Germ Cell Neoplasia In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia of Unclassified Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia of the Unclassified Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Testicular Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia, Unclassified","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Testicular Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia, Unclassified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1515286"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9064/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Testicular_Intratubular_Germ_Cell_Neoplasia_Unclassified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intratubular malignant germ cells"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9064/2"}]}}{"C3753":{"preferredName":"Germinoma","code":"C3753","definitions":[{"description":"A germinomatous germ cell tumor arising in the central nervous system; it is histologically identical to the dysgerminoma and seminoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A malignant germ cell tumor arising in the central nervous system. It is characterized by the presence of primitive, large malignant germ cells and lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Germinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Germinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Germinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Germinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Germinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Germinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Germinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Germinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206660"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9064/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Germinoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Germinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Germinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9064/3"}]}}{"C121619":{"preferredName":"Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor","code":"C121619","definitions":[{"description":"A germ cell tumor other than a pure germinoma. These tumors (choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, yolk sac tumor, and mixed germ cell tumor) are histologically distinct from one another.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A term that refers to teratoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, or mixed forms of these tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Germ cell tumor, nonseminomatous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Non-dysgerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Non-germinomatous Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Non-seminomatous Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor Including Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266158"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Germ cell tumor, nonseminomatous"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9065/3"}]}}{"C3752":{"preferredName":"Embryonal Carcinoma","code":"C3752","definitions":[{"description":"A non-seminomatous malignant germ cell neoplasm of the testis or ovary.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of large germ cells with abundant cytoplasm resembling epithelial cells, geographic necrosis, high mitotic activity, and pseudoglandular and pseudopapillary structures formation. It can arise from the testis, ovary, and extragonadal sites (central nervous system and mediastinum).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, EMBRYONAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma, Embryonal, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Embryonal Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Embryonal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Embryonal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Embryonal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Embryonal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Embryonal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Embryonal carcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206659"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9070/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Embryonal_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Embryonal adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Embryonal carcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9070/3"}]}}{"C3011":{"preferredName":"Yolk Sac Tumor","code":"C3011","definitions":[{"description":"A non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor composed of primitive germ cells and which produce an eosinophilic substance (alpha-fetoprotein).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor composed of primitive germ cells. It is the most common malignant germ cell tumor in the pediatric population. It occurs in the infant testis, ovary, sacrococcygeal region, vagina, uterus, prostate, abdomen, liver, retroperitoneum, thorax, and pineal/third ventricle. The tumor mimics the yolk sac of the embryo and produces alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Treatment includes: surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy. This tumor is very responsive to chemotherapy regimens that include cisplatinum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma, Yolk Sac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endodermal Sinus Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endodermal Sinus Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endodermal Sinus Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endodermal Sinus Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endodermal sinus tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"YOLK SAC TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Tumor Site Unspecified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Yolk Sac Tumour Site Unspecified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Yolk sac tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014145"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9071/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Yolk_Sac_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Polyvesicular vitelline tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Orchioblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Yolk sac tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Yolk sac tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9071/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endodermal sinus tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatoid yolk sac tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Embryonal carcinoma, infantile"}]}}{"C66776":{"preferredName":"Gonadal Polyembryoma","code":"C66776","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant germ cell tumor arising from the testis and less often from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of embryoid bodies which resemble early embryos.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gonadal Polyembryoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Gonadal Polyembryoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polyembryoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880996"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9072/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gonadal_Polyembryoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9072/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Polyembryoma"}]}}{"C3754":{"preferredName":"Gonadoblastoma","code":"C3754","definitions":[{"description":"A mixed germ cell/sex cord-stromal tumor characterized by the presence of large germ cells that resemble seminoma cells and small cells that resemble Sertoli or granulosa cells. It occurs in the testis and the ovary, and is identified in children and adults. It is often associated with gonadal dysgenesis and abnormal karyotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A mixed germ cell/sex cord-stromal tumor characterized by the presence of large germ cells which resemble seminoma cells and small cells which resemble Sertoli or granulosa cells. It occurs in the testis and the ovary and is identified in children and adults. It is often associated with gonadal dysgenesis and abnormal karyotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gonadoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gonadoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gonadoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Gonadoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206661"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9073/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gonadoblastoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Gonadoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9073/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gonocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gonadoblastoma"}]}}{"C9015":{"preferredName":"Mature Teratoma","code":"C9015","definitions":[{"description":"A type of benign (not cancer) germ cell tumor (type of tumor that begins in the cells that give rise to sperm or eggs) that often contains several different types of tissue such as hair, muscle, and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A teratoma which may be cystic; it is composed entirely of well differentiated, adult-type mature tissues, without evidence of fetal-type immature tissues (grade 0 teratoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade 0 Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mature Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Mature Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mature teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"mature teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1368910"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9080/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mature_Teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mature teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Teratoma, differentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9080/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Teratoma, benign"}]}}{"C9012":{"preferredName":"Adult Cystic Teratoma","code":"C9012","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Cystic Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult cystic teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL033098"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adult_Cystic_Teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adult cystic teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9080/0"}]}}{"C9013":{"preferredName":"Adult Teratoma","code":"C9013","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adult Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult teratoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Teratoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1368888"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adult_Teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adult teratoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9080/0"}]}}{"C9014":{"preferredName":"Cystic Teratoma","code":"C9014","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystic Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic teratoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1368903"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cystic_Teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystic teratoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9080/0"}]}}{"C3403":{"preferredName":"Teratoma","code":"C3403","definitions":[{"description":"A non-germinomatous germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of various tissues which correspond to the different germinal layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm). It occurs in the testis, ovary, and extragonadal sites including central nervous system, mediastinum, lung, and stomach. According to the level of differentiation of the tissues which comprise the tumor, teratomas are classified as mature or immature. Mature teratomas are composed of well differentiated, adult-type tissues. Immature teratomas are composed of immature, fetal-type tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of germ cell tumor that may contain several different types of tissue, such as hair, muscle, and bone. Teratomas occur most often in the ovaries in women, the testicles in men, and the tailbone in children. Not all teratomas are malignant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-seminomatous germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of various tissues which correspond to the different germinal layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm). It occurs in the testis, ovary, and extragonadal sites including central nervous system, mediastinum, lung, and stomach. According to the level of differentiation of the tissues which comprise the tumor, teratomas are classified as benign (grade 0 or 1), immature (grade 2), and malignant (grade 3). Grade 0 teratomas contain only mature elements; grade 1 teratomas have a limited degree of immaturity; grade 2 teratomas have a more extensive degree of immaturity; grade 3 teratomas are composed exclusively of immature tissues. The prognosis depends on patient age, tumor size and grade, and stage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Teratoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Teratoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Teratoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039538"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9080/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Teratoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solid teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Teratoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9080/1"}]}}{"C4286":{"preferredName":"Immature Teratoma","code":"C4286","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of malignant (cancer) germ cell tumor (type of tumor that begins in the cells that give rise to sperm or eggs) that often contains several different types of tissue such as hair, muscle, and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A teratoma characterized by the presence of an extensive component of immature, fetal-type tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Embryonal teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immature Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immature Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Immature Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Immature teratoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"immature teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334520"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9080/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Immature_Teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Teratoblastoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Immature teratoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Teratoma, malignant, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Embryonal teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Immature teratoma, NOS"}]}}{"C3756":{"preferredName":"Mixed Embryonal Carcinoma and Teratoma","code":"C3756","definitions":[{"description":"A type of germ cell cancer that usually forms in the testes (testicles).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of an embryonal carcinoma component and a teratoma component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Embryonal Carcinoma and Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Mixed Embryonal Carcinoma and Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed embryonal carcinoma and teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Teratocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Teratocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"teratocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206664"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9081/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Embryonal_Carcinoma_and_Teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed embryonal carcinoma and teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Teratocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9081/3"}]}}{"C4287":{"preferredName":"Malignant Teratoma","code":"C4287","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant germ-cell neoplasm derived from pluripotent cells and consisting of components from one or more of the three germ-cell layers.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A teratoma composed exclusively of immature tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade 3 Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Teratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Malignant teratoma, anaplastic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant teratoma, undifferentiated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"TERATOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334521"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9082/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Undifferentiated_Immature_Teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant teratoma, anaplastic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9082/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant teratoma, undifferentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9080/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Teratoma, malignant, NOS"}]}}{"C4288":{"preferredName":"Intermediate Immature Teratoma","code":"C4288","definitions":[{"description":"An immature teratoma characterized by the presence of an intermediate amount of undifferentiated tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intermediate Immature Teratoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intermediate Malignant Teratoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant teratoma, intermediate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334522"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9083/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intermediate_Immature_Teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant teratoma, intermediate"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9083/3"}]}}{"C9011":{"preferredName":"Dermoid Cyst","code":"C9011","definitions":[{"description":"A benign hamartomatous tumor that possesses various epidermal derivatives and is due to sequestration of skin along the lines of embryonic closure. In neonates, it is most commonly congenital and located in the subcutaneous tissues of the head, neck, or trunk.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A benign neoplasm comprised of a cyst, lined by mature epidermis-like tissue with dermal appendages.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of benign (not cancer) germ cell tumor (type of tumor that begins in the cells that give rise to sperm or eggs) that often contains several different types of tissue such as hair, muscle, and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mature teratoma characterized by the presence of a cyst which is lined by mature tissue resembling the epidermis and the epidermal appendages. It occurs in the ovary, testis, and extragonadal sites including central nervous system and skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Cystic Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Cystic Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DERMOID CYST, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dermoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dermoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermoid Cyst","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dermoid Cyst","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermoid Cyst","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Dermoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermoid cyst, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mature Cystic Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mature Cystic Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Cystic Teratoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"dermoid cyst","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0011649"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9084/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dermoid_Cyst"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Dermoid Cyst"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dermoid cyst, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dermoid, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9084/0"}]}}{"C4289":{"preferredName":"Teratoma with Somatic-Type Malignancy","code":"C4289","definitions":[{"description":"A teratoma which is characterized by morphologic transformation to malignancy and an aggressive clinical course. The malignant component most often is sarcomatous or carcinomatous.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dermoid Cyst with Malignant Transformation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dermoid cyst with malignant transformation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Somatic Malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Teratoma with Malignant Transformation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teratoma with Malignant Transformation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Teratoma with Somatic-Type Malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teratoma with malignant transformation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334523"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9084/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Teratoma_with_Malignant_Transformation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dermoid cyst with secondary tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Teratoma with malignant transformation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9084/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dermoid cyst with malignant transformation"}]}}{"C4290":{"preferredName":"Mixed Germ Cell Tumor","code":"C4290","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of at least two different germ cell tumor components. The different germ cell tumor components include choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, teratoma, and seminoma. It occurs in the ovary, testis, and extragonadal sites including central nervous system and mediastinum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Combined Germ Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mixed germ cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334524"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9085/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Germ_Cell_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed germ cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9085/3"}]}}{"C9010":{"preferredName":"Mixed Teratoma and Seminoma","code":"C9010","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Teratoma and Seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed teratoma and seminoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL033096"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Teratoma_and_Seminoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed teratoma and seminoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9085/3"}]}}{"C7468":{"preferredName":"Struma Ovarii","code":"C7468","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian mature teratoma characterized by the presence of aberrant thyroid tissue. The aberrant thyroid tissue shows morphologic changes identical to thyroid adenoma or carcinoma. Patients may present with abdominal mass and unusual symptoms due to thyrotoxicosis, or Meigs syndrome (ascites and pleural effusion).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Struma Ovarii","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038478"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9090/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Struma_Ovarii"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Struma ovarii, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9090/0"}]}}{"C4291":{"preferredName":"Malignant Struma Ovarii","code":"C4291","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian mature teratoma characterized by the presence of aberrant thyroid tissue with morphologic changes identical to thyroid carcinoma. Patients may present with abdominal mass and unusual symptoms due to thyrotoxicosis, or with Meigs syndrome (ascites and pleural effusion).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Struma Ovarii","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Struma ovarii, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334525"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9090/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Struma_Ovarii"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Struma ovarii, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9090/3"}]}}{"C4292":{"preferredName":"Strumal Carcinoid","code":"C4292","definitions":[{"description":"An ovarian neoplasm characterized by the presence of aberrant thyroid tissue and a carcinoid tumor. A minority of patients develop symptoms of functioning thyroid tissue. The neuroendocrine carcinoid cells infiltrate the aberrant thyroid tissue and progressively replace the follicular lining cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Struma Ovarii and Carcinoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Struma ovarii and carcinoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Strumal Carcinoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Strumal carcinoid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334526"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9091/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Strumal_Carcinoid_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Struma ovarii and carcinoid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Strumal carcinoid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9091/1"}]}}{"C3110":{"preferredName":"Hydatidiform Mole","code":"C3110","definitions":[{"description":"A placental disorder characterized by abnormal development with marked enlargement of the chorionic villi and hydropic changes which consist of hyperplasia of the villous trophoblastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A slow-growing tumor that develops from trophoblastic cells (cells that help an embryo attach to the uterus and help form the placenta) after fertilization of an egg by a sperm. A hydatidiform mole contains many cysts (sacs of fluid). It is usually benign (not cancer) but it may spread to nearby tissues (invasive mole). It may also become a malignant tumor called choriocarcinoma. Hydatidiform mole is the most common type of gestational trophoblastic tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A gestational trophoblastic disorder characterized by marked enlargement of the chorionic villi, hyperplasia of the villous trophoblastic cells and hydropic changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hydatid Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydatid mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Molar Pregnancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hydatidiform mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"molar pregnancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020217"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9100/0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hydatidiform_Mole"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hydatidiform Mole"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hydatid mole"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hydatidiform mole, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9100/0"}]}}{"C4871":{"preferredName":"Complete Hydatidiform Mole","code":"C4871","definitions":[{"description":"A placental disorder where the majority of the chorionic villi are hydropic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A gestational trophoblastic disorder in which there is no embryo or normal placental tissue and the chorionic villi are hydropic.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classical Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Complete Hydatid Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Complete Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Complete Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Complete Molar Pregnancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Complete Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Complete hydatidiform mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0678213"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Complete_Hydatidiform_Mole"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Complete Hydatidiform Mole"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Complete hydatidiform mole"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9100/0"}]}}{"C6985":{"preferredName":"Invasive Hydatidiform Mole","code":"C6985","definitions":[{"description":"A complete hydatidiform mole or very rarely a partial mole that invades the myometrium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of cancer that grows into the muscular wall of the uterus. It is formed after conception (fertilization of an egg by a sperm). It may spread to other parts of the body, such as the vagina, vulva, and lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A complete hydatidiform mole or very rarely a partial mole that invades the myometrium.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chorioadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chorioadenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chorioadenoma Destruens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chorioadenoma destruens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Invasive Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Invasive Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Invasive Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive hydatidiform mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"chorioadenoma destruens","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"invasive hydatidiform mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008493"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9100/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Invasive_Hydatidiform_Mole"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Invasive Hydatidiform Mole"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Invasive mole, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Invasive hydatidiform mole"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant hydatidiform mole"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chorioadenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9100/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chorioadenoma destruens"}]}}{"C2948":{"preferredName":"Choriocarcinoma","code":"C2948","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from placental trophoblast cells. They generally arise in the uterus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant, fast-growing tumor that develops from trophoblastic cells (cells that help an embryo attach to the uterus and help form the placenta). Almost all choriocarcinomas form in the uterus after fertilization of an egg by a sperm, but a small number form in a testis or an ovary. Choriocarcinomas spread through the blood to other organs, especially the lungs. They are a type of gestational trophoblastic disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggressive malignant tumor arising from trophoblastic cells. The vast majority of cases arise in the uterus and represent gestational choriocarcinomas that derive from placental trophoblastic cells. Approximately half of the cases develop from a complete hydatidiform mole. A minority of cases arise in the testis or the ovaries. There is often marked elevation of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the blood. Choriocarcinomas disseminate rapidly through the hematogenous route; the lungs are most frequently affected.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHORIOCARCINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chorioepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chorioepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chorioepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chorioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"choriocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"chorioepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"chorionic carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008497"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9100/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Choriocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Choriocarcinoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chorionepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chorioepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9100/3"}]}}{"C66777":{"preferredName":"Choriocarcinoma Combined with Other Germ Cell Elements","code":"C66777","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant mixed germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of a choriocarcinomatous component admixed with another germ cell component (e.g. embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, or seminoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma Combined with Other Germ Cell Elements","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choriocarcinoma combined with other germ cell elements","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334527"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9101/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Choriocarcinoma_Combined_with_Other_Germ_Cell_Elements"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Choriocarcinoma combined with embryonal carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Choriocarcinoma combined with other germ cell elements"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9101/3"}]}}{"C66778":{"preferredName":"Malignant Trophoblastic Teratoma","code":"C66778","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant germ cell tumor which metastasizes widely and produces high levels of human chorionic gonadotropin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Trophoblastic Teratoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334528"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9102/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Trophoblastic_Teratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant teratoma, trophoblastic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9102/3"}]}}{"C4293":{"preferredName":"Partial Hydatidiform Mole","code":"C4293","definitions":[{"description":"A placental disorder characterized by the presence of two populations of chorionic villi: one population which is of unremarkable development and a second one which shows hydropic changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A gestational trophoblastic disorder characterized by the presence of an abnormal fetus and two populations of chorionic villi: one population which is unremarkable and a second one which shows hydropic changes.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Incomplete Hydatid Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Incomplete Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Incomplete Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Incomplete Molar Pregnancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Partial Hydatid Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Partial Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Partial Hydatidiform Mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Partial Molar Pregnancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Partial Mole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Partial hydatidiform mole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334529"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9103/0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Partial_Hydatidiform_Mole"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Partial Hydatidiform Mole"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Partial hydatidiform mole"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9103/0"}]}}{"C3757":{"preferredName":"Placental-Site Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor","code":"C3757","definitions":[{"description":"A rare gestational trophoblastic tumor characterized by the presence of a diffuse cellular infiltrate composed of intermediate trophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts and by the absense of a significant population of syncytiotrophoblasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Placental Site Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placental-Site GTT","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placental-Site Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Placental-Site Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206666"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9104/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Placental-Site_Gestational_Trophoblastic_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Placental site trophoblastic tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9104/1"}]}}{"C6900":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Trophoblastic Tumor","code":"C6900","definitions":[{"description":"A gestational trophoblastic tumor characterized by the presence of a monomorphous cellular population of intermediate trophoblastic cells infiltrating in a nodular pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Trophoblastic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trophoblastic tumor, epithelioid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266159"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9105/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epithelioid_Trophoblastic_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trophoblastic tumor, epithelioid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9105/3"}]}}{"C4294":{"preferredName":"Benign Mesonephroma","code":"C4294","definitions":[{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm of the female reproductive system arising from mesonephric remnants.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Mesonephroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesonephric Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesonephric adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mesonephroma, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Wolffian Duct Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Wolffian duct adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334530"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9110/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Mesonephroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesonephroma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wolffian duct adenoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9110/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesonephric adenoma"}]}}{"C4072":{"preferredName":"Mesonephric Adenocarcinoma","code":"C4072","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma of the cervix or the vagina arising from mesonephric remnants.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Mesonephroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesonephric Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesonephric adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mesonephroma, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025490"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9110/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mesonephric_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesonephroma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Wolffian duct carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9110/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesonephric adenocarcinoma"}]}}{"C3085":{"preferredName":"Hemangioma","code":"C3085","definitions":[{"description":"A benign vascular neoplasm characterized by the formation of capillary-sized or cavernous vascular channels.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, vascular neoplasm characterized by the formation of capillary-sized vascular channels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A benign vascular lesion characterized by the formation of capillary-sized or cavernous vascular channels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEMANGIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hemangioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hemangioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018916"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9120/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hemangioma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemangioma unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemangioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9120/0"}]}}{"C3088":{"preferredName":"Angiosarcoma","code":"C3088","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant vascular neoplasm arising from endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of cancer that begins in the cells that line blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor arising from the endothelial cells of the blood vessels. Microscopically, it is characterized by frequently open vascular anastomosing and branching channels. The malignant cells that line the vascular channels are spindle or epithelioid and often display hyperchromatic nuclei. Angiosarcomas most frequently occur in the skin and breast. Patients with long-standing lymphedema are at increased risk of developing angiosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEMANGIOSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hemangiosarcoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangiosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Angioendothelioma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"hemangiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018923"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9120/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Angiosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemangioendothelioma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemangioendothelial sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemangiosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9130/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Haemangiosarcoma"}]}}{"C3086":{"preferredName":"Cavernous Hemangioma","code":"C3086","definitions":[{"description":"A hemangioma characterized by the presence of cavernous vascular spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cavernoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cavernous Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cavernous Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cavernous hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018920"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9121/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cavernous_Hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cavernous hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9121/0"}]}}{"C4296":{"preferredName":"Venous Hemangioma","code":"C4296","definitions":[{"description":"A hemangioma composed of veins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Venous Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Venous Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Venous Malformation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Venous hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334532"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9122/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Venous_Hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Venous hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9122/0"}]}}{"C2882":{"preferredName":"Arteriovenous Hemangioma/Malformation","code":"C2882","definitions":[{"description":"A benign vascular lesion characterized by the presence of a complex network of communicating arterial and venous vascular structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arteriovenous Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arteriovenous Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Arteriovenous Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arteriovenous Hemangioma/Malformation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Arteriovenous Hemangioma/Malformation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arteriovenous Malformation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arteriovenous hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Racemose Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Racemose Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Racemose hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003857"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9123/0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept 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Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Liver Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Liver Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Liver Hemangiosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Angiosarcoma of Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Angiosarcoma of the Liver","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0345907"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9124/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatic_Angiosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Kupffer cell sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm: Angiosarcoma of liver"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9124/3"}]}}{"C4298":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Hemangioma","code":"C4298","definitions":[{"description":"A hemangioma characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Histiocytoid Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histiocytoid hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1368797"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9125/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epithelioid_Hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Histiocytoid hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9125/0"}]}}{"C66779":{"preferredName":"Benign Hemangioendothelioma","code":"C66779","definitions":[{"description":"A benign vascular proliferation characterized by the presence of prominent endothelial cells and the formation of vascular channels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334536"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9130/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Hemangioendothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemangioendothelioma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9130/0"}]}}{"C3084":{"preferredName":"Hemangioendothelioma","code":"C3084","definitions":[{"description":"A vascular proliferation characterized by the presence of prominent endothelial cells and the formation of vascular channels. Hemangioendotheliomas may display borderline or low grade characteristics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Angioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hemangioendothelioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018915"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9130/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hemangioendothelioma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hemangioendothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angioendothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemangioendothelioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9130/1"}]}}{"C27510":{"preferredName":"Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma","code":"C27510","definitions":[{"description":"An intermediate, locally aggressive blood vessel neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle endothelial cells, and formation of capillary-sized and slit-like vascular channels. It is often associated with hemorrhage and hemosiderin deposition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1367420"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Kaposiform_Hemangioendothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9130/1"}]}}{"C7457":{"preferredName":"Capillary Hemangioma","code":"C7457","definitions":[{"description":"A common hemangioma characterized by the presence of capillary-sized vascular channels without prominent epithelioid endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Capillary Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Capillary Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Capillary hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL054971"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9131/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Capillary_Hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Capillary hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9131/0"}]}}{"C6645":{"preferredName":"Infantile Hemangioma","code":"C6645","definitions":[{"description":"A capillary hemangioma that may regress spontaneously. It occurs in infants and children.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infantile Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infantile Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Infantile Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infantile hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Juvenile Capillary Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Strawberry Nevus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206733"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infantile_Hemangioendothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juvenile hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Infantile hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plexiform hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9131/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemangioma simplex"}]}}{"C3699":{"preferredName":"Intramuscular Hemangioma","code":"C3699","definitions":[{"description":"A hemangioma arising from skeletal muscle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intramuscular Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intramuscular Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intramuscular hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205789"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9132/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intramuscular_Hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intramuscular hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9132/0"}]}}{"C3800":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma","code":"C3800","definitions":[{"description":"A low-grade malignant blood vessel neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells. The neoplastic cells are arranged in cords and nests, which are embedded in a myxoid to hyalinized stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid Angioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Angiosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206732"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9133/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9133/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9130/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epithelioid_Hemangioendothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9133/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9133/3"}]}}{"C7526":{"preferredName":"Papillary Intralymphatic Angioendothelioma","code":"C7526","definitions":[{"description":"An intermediate, rarely metastasizing blood vessel neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of lymphatic-like vascular channels and papillary endothelial proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dabska Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dabska tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Endovascular papillary angioendothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Endothelial Papillary Angioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PILA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Endovascular Angioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Intralymphatic Angioendothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346087"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9135/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Endovascular_Papillary_Angioendothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endovascular papillary angioendothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9135/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dabska tumor"}]}}{"C4754":{"preferredName":"Spindle Cell Hemangioma","code":"C4754","definitions":[{"description":"A hemangioma characterized by the presence of spindle endothelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SCH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle -Cell Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle cell hemangioendothelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1304508"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9136/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9136/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spindle_Cell_Hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spindle cell angioendothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spindle cell hemangioendothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9136/1"}]}}{"C2874":{"preferredName":"Angiokeratoma","code":"C2874","definitions":[{"description":"A vascular lesion in the papillary dermis resulting from ectasia of pre-existing vessels. It is associated with secondary proliferative changes in the overlying epidermis (hyperkeratosis). It can present with widespread lesions (angiokeratoma corporis diffusum, often associated with inborn errors of metabolism) or as a localized lesion (angiokeratoma of Fordyce, angiokeratoma circumscriptum, and angiokeratoma of Mibelli).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiokeratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Angiokeratoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0002985"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9141/0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Angiokeratoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9141/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiokeratoma"}]}}{"C4299":{"preferredName":"Verrucous Hemangioma","code":"C4299","definitions":[{"description":"A skin hemangioma characterized by the presence of epidermal hyperplasia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Verrucous Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verrucous Keratotic Hemangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verrucous Venous Malformation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Verrucous keratotic hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334540"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9142/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Verrucous_Keratotic_Hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Verrucous keratotic hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9142/0"}]}}{"C4300":{"preferredName":"Benign Hemangiopericytoma","code":"C4300","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm originating from vascular pericytes (cells in the periphery of vessels).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A hemangiopericytoma without malignant morphologic or clinical characteristics.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEMANGIOPERICYTOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hemangiopericytoma, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334541"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9150/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Hemangiopericytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemangiopericytoma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9150/0"}]}}{"C3087":{"preferredName":"Hemangiopericytoma","code":"C3087","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer involving blood vessels and soft tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antiquated term that refers to benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasms characterized by the presence of neoplastic spindle-shaped to round cells arranged around thin-walled branching vascular spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hemangiopericytoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018922"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9150/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hemangiopericytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemangiopericytoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9150/1"}]}}{"C4301":{"preferredName":"Malignant Hemangiopericytoma","code":"C4301","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm originating from vascular pericytes (cells in the periphery of vessels).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An uncommon malignant neoplasm arising from pericytes. Distinction between benign and malignant hemangiopericytoma may be difficult or even impossible on morphologic grounds alone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HEMANGIOPERICYTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hemangiopericytoma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Hemangiopericytoma NOS","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Hemangiopericytoma NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334542"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9150/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Hemangiopericytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemangiopericytoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9150/3"}]}}{"C3799":{"preferredName":"Angiofibroma","code":"C3799","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, morphologic variant of fibroma characterized by the presence of numerous dilated vascular channels.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A morphologic variant of fibroma characterized by the presence of numerous dilated vascular channels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ANGIOFIBROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Angiofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiofibroma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Angiofibromatous Hyperplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Angiofibromatous Hyperplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroangioma, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibrous Papule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibrous Papule","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telangiectatic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Telangiectatic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206731"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9160/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Angiofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiofibroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juvenile angiofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9160/0"}]}}{"C27257":{"preferredName":"Cellular Angiofibroma","code":"C27257","definitions":[{"description":"A benign mesenchymal neoplasm that usually arises in the superficial soft tissues of the vulva or inguinal and scrotal regions. It is characterized by the presence of a cellular fibroblastic proliferation in an edematous to fibrous stroma containing numerous vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Angiofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular angiofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1367534"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cellular_Angiofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cellular angiofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9160/0"}]}}{"C27256":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Angiofibroma","code":"C27256","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of angiofibroma characterized by the presence of multinucleated giant cells, collagenous or myxoid stroma, focal sclerotic areas, and angiectoid spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant Cell Angiofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant cell angiofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1367539"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Giant_Cell_Angiofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant cell angiofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9160/0"}]}}{"C4487":{"preferredName":"Tufted Hemangioma","code":"C4487","definitions":[{"description":"A capillary hemangioma of the skin usually presenting with patches or plaques.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acquired tufted hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Angioblastoma of Nakagawa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tufted Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tufted Angioma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tufted Angioma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tufted Hemangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tufted Hemangioma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tufted Hemangioma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tufted Skin Angioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346073"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9161/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tufted_Hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acquired tufted hemangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9161/0"}]}}{"C3801":{"preferredName":"Hemangioblastoma","code":"C3801","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I tumor of uncertain histogenesis which is composed of stromal cells and abundant capillaries. Approximately 25% of hemangioblastomas are associated with Von Hippel-Lindau disease, a disease inherited through an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by the development of hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system and retina, clear cell renal carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and pancreatic and inner ear tumors. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angioblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Angioblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Capillary Hemangioblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Haemangioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hemangioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangioblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206734"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9161/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hemangioblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angioblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Haemangioblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemangioblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9161/1"}]}}{"C8965":{"preferredName":"Lymphangioma","code":"C8965","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from the lymphatics.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign lesion composed of dilated lymphatic channels. Painless swelling is the usual clinical manifestation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Capillary lymphangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"LYMPHANGIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Lymphangioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024221"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9170/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphangioma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Lymphangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Capillary lymphangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphangioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9170/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9171/0"}]}}{"C3203":{"preferredName":"Acquired Progressive Lymphangioma","code":"C3203","definitions":[{"description":"A lymphangioma characterized by the presence of collagen bundle formation. It has an indolent clinical course and may be associated with skin plaques.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acquired Progressive Lymphangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphangioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024217"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphangioendothelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphangioendothelioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9170/0"}]}}{"C3205":{"preferredName":"Lymphangiosarcoma","code":"C3205","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the endothelial cells of the lymphatic vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of cancer that begins in the cells that line lymph vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the endothelial cells of the lymphatic vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPHANGIOSARCOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphangioendothelial Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphangioendothelial Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphangioendothelial sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymphangioendothelioma, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymphangiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Lymphangiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymphangiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymphangioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymphangioendothelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphangiosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024224"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9170/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphangiosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphangioendothelial sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphangioendothelioma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphangiosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9170/3"}]}}{"C53316":{"preferredName":"Cavernous Lymphangioma","code":"C53316","definitions":[{"description":"A lymphangioma characterized by the presence of thin-walled cavernous lymphatic spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cavernous Lymphangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cavernous lymphangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205828"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9172/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cavernous_Lymphangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cavernous lymphangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9172/0"}]}}{"C3724":{"preferredName":"Cystic Hygroma","code":"C3724","definitions":[{"description":"A benign lymphatic neoplasm usually arising from the neck and characterized by cystic dilation of the lymphatic vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystic Hygroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Hygroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cystic Lymphangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystic Lymphangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Cystic hygroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cystic lymphangioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hygroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hygroma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206620"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9173/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cystic_Lymphangioma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Cystic Hygroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystic lymphangioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hygroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9173/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystic hygroma"}]}}{"C3204":{"preferredName":"Lymphangioleiomyoma","code":"C3204","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation, often associated with tuberous sclerosis. It is characterized by the presence of smooth muscle and epithelioid cells and by the proliferation of lymphatic vessels. Sites of involvement include the lymph nodes, lung, mediastinum, and retroperitoneum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphangioleiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphangiomyoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymphangiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024223"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9174/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphangiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphangiomyoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9174/0"}]}}{"C3725":{"preferredName":"Lymphangioleiomyomatosis","code":"C3725","definitions":[{"description":"A multifocal neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation affecting almost exclusively females of child-bearing age. It is characterized by the presence of smooth muscle and epithelioid cells and by the proliferation of lymphatic vessels. Sites of involvement include the lungs, mediastinum, and the retroperitoneum. It usually presents with chylous pleural effusion or ascites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LAM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphangioleiomyomatosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphangioleiomyomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Lymphangioleiomyomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymphangioleiomyomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphangiomyomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymphangiomyomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0751674"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9174/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphangiomyomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9174/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphangiomyomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphangioleiomyomatosis"}]}}{"C66792":{"preferredName":"Hemolymphangioma","code":"C66792","definitions":[{"description":"A hemorrhagic lymphatic lesion characterized by the presence of dilated lymphatic spaces, extravasation of red blood cells, hemosiderin deposition, and fibrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemolymphangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hemolymphangioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphangioma with Hemorrhage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334544"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9175/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphangioma_with_Hemorrhage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9175/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemolymphangioma"}]}}{"C3296":{"preferredName":"Osteoma","code":"C3296","definitions":[{"description":"A benign well-differentiated neoplasm of bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, well-circumscribed, bone-forming neoplasm predominantly composed of lamellar bone. It usually arises from the calvarial, facial, or jaw bones. It is usually asymptomatic but it may cause local swelling or obstruction of the paranasal sinuses. Asymptomatic cases have an indolent clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OSTEOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Osteoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0029440"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9180/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Osteoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9180/0"}]}}{"C53953":{"preferredName":"Osteoblastic Osteosarcoma","code":"C53953","definitions":[{"description":"A conventional osteosarcoma characterized by the predominance of osteoid matrix.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Osteoblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Osteoblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteoblastic sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704328"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Osteoblastic_Osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteoblastic sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9180/3"}]}}{"C4021":{"preferredName":"Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma","code":"C4021","definitions":[{"description":"An osteosarcoma characterised by the presence of atypical cartilage of variable cellularity. It may or may not be associated with the presence of myxoid areas or focal bone formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chondroblastic Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chondroblastic osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279603"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9181/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chondrosarcomatous_Osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chondroblastic osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteochondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9181/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9180/3"}]}}{"C4020":{"preferredName":"Fibroblastic Osteosarcoma","code":"C4020","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant fibrosarcoma characterized by pleomorphic cells intermixed with variable amounts of collagenous matrix.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A conventional osteosarcoma characterized by the presence of spindle shaped cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FIBROSARCOMA, OSTEOGENIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroblastic Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Fibroblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroblastic osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcomatous Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcomatous Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteogenic Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279602"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9182/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibroblastic_Osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibroblastic osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteofibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9182/3"}]}}{"C3902":{"preferredName":"Telangiectatic Osteosarcoma","code":"C3902","definitions":[{"description":"An osteosarcoma usually arising from the metaphysis of long bones. It is characterized by the presence of a cystic architecture with blood-filled spaces. The prognosis is similar to that of conventional osteosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Bone Aneurysm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telangiectatic Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telangiectatic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Telangiectatic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Telangiectatic osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0259782"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9183/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Telangiectatic_Osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Telangiectatic osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9183/3"}]}}{"C6469":{"preferredName":"Osteosarcoma Arising in Paget Disease of Bone","code":"C6469","definitions":[{"description":"A sarcomatous transformation of pre-existing Paget disease of the bone. Osteosarcomas arising from Paget disease of the bone are high grade lesions and usually have a poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Osteosarcoma Arising in Bone Paget's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma Arising in Osseous Paget's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma Arising in Osteitis Deformans","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma Arising in Paget Disease of Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma Arising in Paget's Disease of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteosarcoma in Paget disease of bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Paget Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Paget's Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1335148"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9184/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Osteosarcoma_Arising_in_Paget_s_Disease_of_Bone"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteosarcoma in Paget disease of bone"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9184/3"}]}}{"C4023":{"preferredName":"Small Cell Osteosarcoma","code":"C4023","definitions":[{"description":"An osteosarcoma usually arising from the metaphysis of long bones. It is characterized by the presence of small cells and osteoid production. The prognosis is usually unfavorable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Cell Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Small Cell Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small cell osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279622"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9185/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Small_Cell_Osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Round cell osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small cell osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9185/3"}]}}{"C35870":{"preferredName":"Conventional Osteosarcoma","code":"C35870","definitions":[{"description":"A high grade malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm producing osteoid. The tumor arises from the medullary portion of the bone. It affects the long bones and most commonly, the distal femur, proximal tibia, and proximal humerus. Pain with or without a palpable mass is the most common clinical presentation. It usually has an aggressive growth and may metastasize through the hematogenous route. The lung is the most frequent site of metastasis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Central Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Conventional Central Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conventional Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Conventional Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Conventional central osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Intracortical Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracortical Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracortical osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Medullary Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullary osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266166"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9195/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9186/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Conventional_Osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Conventional central osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Central osteosarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medullary osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intracortical osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9195/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9186/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Central osteosarcoma"}]}}{"C6474":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Central Osteosarcoma","code":"C6474","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade osteosarcoma arising from the medullary portion of the bone. It affects the long bones and is characterized by the presence of fibroblastic stroma and osteoid production. Pain and swelling are the usual sign and symptom. The prognosis is more favorable than conventional osteosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraosseous Well-Differentiated Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraosseous Well-Differentiated Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraosseous well differentiated osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Low Grade Central Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Intramedullary Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Intramedullary Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-grade central osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Low-grade intramedullary osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266163"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9187/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Low_Grade_Central_Osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Low-grade central osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Low grade central osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Low-grade intramedullary osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraosseous low grade osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9187/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraosseous well differentiated osteosarcoma"}]}}{"C3297":{"preferredName":"Osteoid Osteoma","code":"C3297","definitions":[{"description":"A small, benign, bone-forming neoplasm that can arise from any bone but more frequently affects the long bones. The central portion of the neoplasm (nidus) contains differentiated osteoblasts which produce osteoid and sometimes bone. The lesion is usually surrounded by hypervascular sclerotic bone and has limited growth potential. Clinical signs and symptoms include pain and localized tenderness, at the site of the lesion. The pain may be intense but in the majority of cases it is completely alleviated by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Prognosis is excellent and recurrences are rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Osteoid Osteoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Osteoid Osteoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteoid osteoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0029441"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9191/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Osteoid_Osteoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteoid osteoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9191/0"}]}}{"C8969":{"preferredName":"Parosteal Osteosarcoma","code":"C8969","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the surface of the bone. It usually affects the distal posterior femur, the proximal tibia, and proximal humerus. Painless swelling is the usual clinical sign. Most patients are young adults and the prognosis is usually excellent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Juxtacortical Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juxtacortical Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juxtacortical osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Parosteal Osteogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parosteal Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parosteal osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206642"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9192/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Parosteal_Osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juxtacortical osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Parosteal osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9192/3"}]}}{"C8970":{"preferredName":"Periosteal Osteosarcoma","code":"C8970","definitions":[{"description":"An intermediate grade malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm with chondroblastic differentiation. It arises from the surface of the bone and affects the diaphysis or diaphyseal- metaphyseal portion of the long bones. A painless mass or swelling is the most common clinical sign. It is associated with a better prognosis than conventional osteosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Juxtacortical Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periosteal Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periosteal osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1377843"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9193/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Periosteal_Osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Periosteal osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9193/3"}]}}{"C53958":{"preferredName":"High Grade Surface Osteosarcoma","code":"C53958","definitions":[{"description":"A usually aggressive high grade malignant bone-forming mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the surface of the bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"High Grade Surface Osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High grade surface osteosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266165"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9194/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"High_Grade_Surface_Osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"High grade surface osteosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9194/3"}]}}{"C3294":{"preferredName":"Osteoblastoma","code":"C3294","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of bone, characterized by the formation of osteoid tissue and large osteoblast-like cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare benign bone-forming neoplasm usually arising from the spine. It is a well-circumscribed lytic tumor that varies in size. The tumor is composed of woven bone trabeculae and shares similar histologic characteristics with the osteoid osteoma. Surgical curettage is the treatment of choice. The prognosis is excellent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant Osteoid Osteoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Giant Osteoid Osteoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant osteoid osteoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"OSTEOBLASTOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ossifying Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ossifying Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Osteoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteoblastoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0029417"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9200/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Osteoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant osteoid osteoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteoblastoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9200/0"}]}}{"C66796":{"preferredName":"Aggressive Osteoblastoma","code":"C66796","definitions":[{"description":"An osteoblastoma characterized by the presence of prominent epithelioid osteoblasts and recurrences.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aggressive Osteoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aggressive osteoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334547"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9200/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aggressive_Osteoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aggressive osteoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9200/1"}]}}{"C3295":{"preferredName":"Osteochondroma","code":"C3295","definitions":[{"description":"A benign cartiliginous neoplasm arising from the metaphysis of bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A common, benign cartiliginous neoplasm arising from the metaphysis of bone. The tumor grows on the surface of the bone; it may be pedunculated or sessile. It is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes, a cartilage cap, and a fibrous perichondrium that extends to the periosteum of the bone. In some cases, there is deletion of 8q24.1 chromosome locus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"OSTEOCHONDROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Osteocartilaginous Exostosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteocartilaginous exostosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Osteochondroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Osteochondroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0029423"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9210/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Osteochondroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ecchondroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cartilaginous exostosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteocartilaginous exostosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteochondroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9210/0"}]}}{"C53457":{"preferredName":"Multiple Osteochondromas","code":"C53457","definitions":[{"description":"An autosomal dominant neoplastic chondrogenic process affecting multiple sites. It is caused by mutations in the EXT1 or EXT2 genes. Grossly and microscopically, the lesions resemble an osteochondroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multiple Osteochondromas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteochondromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206641"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9210/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Multiple_Osteochondromas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ecchondrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteochondromatosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9210/1"}]}}{"C53459":{"preferredName":"Chondroma","code":"C53459","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, well circumscribed neoplasm arising from the hyaline cartilage in soft tissue or bone. It is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign well circumscribed neoplasm of hyaline cartilage arising from bone or soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHONDROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chondroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chondroma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0936248"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9220/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chondroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chondroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9220/0"}]}}{"C3007":{"preferredName":"Enchondroma","code":"C3007","definitions":[{"description":"A benign (noncancerous) growth of cartilage in bones or in other areas where cartilage is not normally found.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A common benign hyaline cartilage neoplasm arising in the intramedullary bone. It is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes, low mitotic activity, and in some cases, a nodular pattern and calcification. The small bones of the hands and feet are the most frequently affected sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Central Chondroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enchondroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Enchondroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"enchondroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704356"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Enchondroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9220/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Enchondroma"}]}}{"C35259":{"preferredName":"Chondromatosis","code":"C35259","definitions":[{"description":"A multifocal benign neoplasm arising from bone or soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes and is composed of hyaline cartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chondromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chondromatosis, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206636"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9220/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chondromatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chondromatosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9220/1"}]}}{"C4302":{"preferredName":"Periosteal Chondroma","code":"C4302","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of bone surface composed of hyaline cartilage. It arises beneath the periosteum and is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes, a lobulated growth pattern, and calcification.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Juxtacortical Chondroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juxtacortical chondroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Periosteal Chondroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periosteal chondroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4076530"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9221/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Periosteal_Chondroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juxtacortical chondroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Periosteal chondroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9221/0"}]}}{"C7357":{"preferredName":"Periosteal Chondrosarcoma","code":"C7357","definitions":[{"description":"A chondrosarcoma arising from the surface of bone. It is characterized by a lobulated growth pattern, high mitotic activity, myxoid stroma formation, and necrotic changes. It occurs in adults. Clinical presentation includes pain, and sometimes swelling.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Juxtacortical Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juxtacortical chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Periosteal Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periosteal chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334549"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9221/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Periosteal_Chondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juxtacortical chondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Periosteal chondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9221/3"}]}}{"C2945":{"preferredName":"Chondroblastoma","code":"C2945","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, chondroid-producing, well-circumscribed, lytic neoplasm usually arising from the epiphysis of long bones. It is characterized by the presence of chondroblasts, osteoclast-like giant cells, chondroid formation, calcification, and mitotic activity. In aggressive cases, there is rearrangement of the 8q21 chromosome band. It occurs most frequently in children and young adults and rarely metastasizes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chondroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chondroblastoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008441"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9230/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chondroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chondromatous giant cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Codman tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9230/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chondroblastoma, NOS"}]}}{"C66799":{"preferredName":"Metastasizing Chondroblastoma","code":"C66799","definitions":[{"description":"A rare chondroblastoma that has metastasized to another anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chondroblastoma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Metastasizing Chondroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4054527"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9230/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Chondroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chondroblastoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9230/3"}]}}{"C4303":{"preferredName":"Myxoid Chondrosarcoma","code":"C4303","definitions":[{"description":"A chondrosarcoma characterized by the presence of myxoid changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myxoid Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Myxoid Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoid chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334551"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9231/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myxoid_Chondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myxoid chondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9231/3"}]}}{"C3737":{"preferredName":"Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma","code":"C3737","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of chondrosarcoma arising from bone and soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of malignant small round cells, biphasic growth pattern, and well differentiated hyaline cartilage. Clinical presentation includes pain and swelling. The clinical course is aggressive, with local recurrences and distant metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206637"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9240/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mesenchymal_Chondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9240/3"}]}}{"C3830":{"preferredName":"Chondromyxoid Fibroma","code":"C3830","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon benign cartilaginous neoplasm arising from the bone. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped or stellate chondrocytes, a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, and sometimes multinucleated giant cells. It has been associated with chromosomal rearrangement of 6q13 and 6q25 bands. The most common clinical symptom is mild, localized pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chondromyxoid Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chondromyxoid fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0221290"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9241/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chondromyxoid_Fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chondromyxoid fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9241/0"}]}}{"C6475":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Chondrosarcoma","code":"C6475","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, usually low grade chondrosarcoma characterized by the presence of tumor cells with clear cytoplasm. It usually arises in the epiphyseal ends of long bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear cell chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266167"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9242/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Chondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell chondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9242/3"}]}}{"C6476":{"preferredName":"Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma","code":"C6476","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive morphologic variant of chondrosarcoma. It is composed of a low grade chondrosarcoma and a high grade non-cartilagenous sarcomatous component. Due to the aggressive nature of the disease, its prognosis is poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0862878"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9243/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dedifferentiated_Chondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9243/3"}]}}{"C121932":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","code":"C121932","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of bone comprised of giant cells (osteoclast-like) and mononuclear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign but locally aggressive tumor that arises from the bone and is composed of mononuclear cells admixed with macrophages and osteoclast-like giant cells. It usually arises from the ends of long bones or the vertebrae. Clinical presentation includes pain, edema, and decreased range of motion in the affected joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Bone Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"GIANT CELL TUMOR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant cell tumor of bone, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Osteoclastoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteoclastoma, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206638"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant cell tumor of bone, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9250/1"}]}}{"C4304":{"preferredName":"Malignancy in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","code":"C4304","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of bone comprised of osteoclast-like giant cells and mononuclear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant tumor that arises from the bone. It is characterized by the presence of an area of high grade sarcoma in an otherwise typical giant cell tumor (primary malignancy in giant cell tumor), or the presence of sarcoma in which the pre-existing giant cell tumor may or may not be apparent (secondary malignancy in giant cell tumor).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Bone Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Bone Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Sarcoma of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Sarcoma of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Sarcoma of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Sarcoma of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant cell sarcoma of bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Giant cell tumor of bone, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignancy in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignancy in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Malignancy in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignancy in Giant Cell Tumor of the Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OSTEOCLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334552"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9250/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Giant_Cell_Tumor_of_Bone"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant cell sarcoma of bone"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant cell tumor of bone, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9250/3"}]}}{"C8380":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells","code":"C8380","definitions":[{"description":"An undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma characterized by the presence of osteoclast-like giant cells and cellular pleomorphism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant Cell Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Neoplasm of Soft Parts","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Soft Parts","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant giant cell tumor of soft parts","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334554"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9251/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Giant_Cell_Fibrous_Histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant giant cell tumor of soft parts"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteoblastoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9250/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9251/3"}]}}{"C49107":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Tumor of Soft Tissue","code":"C49107","definitions":[{"description":"A painless, well circumscribed tumor arising in soft tissue, usually of the upper and lower extremities. Morphologically, it is characterized by a multinodular growth pattern. The cellular infiltrate is composed of mononuclear round or oval cells and multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells, in a rich vascular stroma. It rarely metastasizes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GCT-ST","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor of Low Malignant Potential","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant cell tumor of soft parts, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Osteoclastoma of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334553"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9251/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Giant_Cell_Tumor_of_Soft_Tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant cell tumor of soft parts, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9251/1"}]}}{"C3402":{"preferredName":"Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor","code":"C3402","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor usually arising in the synovium of joints, bursa or tendon sheath. It is characterized by the presence of mononuclear cells, multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells, hemosiderin-laden macrophages, foam cells, and an inflammatory infiltrate. According to the growth pattern, it is classified as localized or diffuse.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibrous Histiocytoma of Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrous histiocytoma of tendon sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Neoplasm of Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Neoplasm of Tenosynovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Neoplasm of the Tenosynovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor of Tenosynovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Tumor of the Tenosynovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tendon Sheath Giant Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tendon Sheath Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tenosynovial Giant Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tenosynovial giant cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1318543"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9252/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Giant_Cell_Tumor_of_Tendon_Sheath"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tenosynovial giant cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tenosynovial giant cell tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9252/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibrous histiocytoma of tendon sheath"}]}}{"C6535":{"preferredName":"Malignant Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor","code":"C6535","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon malignant tumor arising from the tendon sheath. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of a cellular infiltrate reminiscent of a giant cell tumor with prominent malignant characteristics. Recurrent giant cell tumors with a sarcomatous dedifferentiation are included in this category as well.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Neoplasm of Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Neoplasm of the Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of the Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tendon Sheath Giant Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tendon Sheath Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Malignant Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant tenosynovial giant cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266168"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9252/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Giant_Cell_Tumor_of_Tendon_Sheath"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant tenosynovial giant cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9252/3"}]}}{"C7644":{"preferredName":"Adamantinoma","code":"C7644","definitions":[{"description":"A low-grade malignant neoplasm composed of epithelial cells and a spindle cell osteo-fibrous proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A low grade malignant neoplasm arising from the long bones. The tibia is the most frequently affected bone site. Patients present with swelling which may or may not be associated with pain. Morphologically, it is characterized by a biphasic pattern consisting of an epithelial and an osteofibrous component. The vast majority of cases recur if they are not treated with radical surgery. In a minority of cases the tumor may metastasize to other anatomic sites including lymph nodes, lungs, liver, brain, and skeleton.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADAMANTINOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adamantinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adamantinoma of Long Bones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinoma of long bones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Adamantinoma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Extragnathic Adamantinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334556"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9261/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adamantinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adamantinoma of long bones"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adamantinoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9261/3"}]}}{"C8461":{"preferredName":"Tibial Adamantinoma","code":"C8461","definitions":[{"description":"An adamantinoma arising from the tibia. The tibia is the site which is more frequently involved by adamantinoma (80-90% of cases).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tibial Adamantinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tibial adamantinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1273017"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tibial_Adamantinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tibial adamantinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9261/3"}]}}{"C173820":{"preferredName":"Ossifying Fibroma","code":"C173820","definitions":[{"description":"A benign fibro-osseous neoplasm affecting the jaws and the craniofacial skeleton. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ossifying Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossifying Fibroma of the Jaws and Craniofacial Skeleton","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossifying fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibro-osteoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ossifying fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9262/0"}]}}{"C4306":{"preferredName":"Benign Odontogenic Neoplasm","code":"C4306","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, slow growing neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It occurs in the maxillofacial skeleton or the gingiva. Representative examples include adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor, and squamous odontogenic tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Odontogenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Benign Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODONTOGENIC TUMOR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Odontogenic tumor, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334557"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9270/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Odontogenic_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic tumor, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9270/0"}]}}{"C4812":{"preferredName":"Malignant Odontogenic Neoplasm","code":"C4812","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of tooth origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It occurs in the maxillofacial skeleton or the gingiva. Symptoms include swelling, pain, bleeding, mobility of affected teeth, and oral mucosa ulcerations. It may metastasize to lymph nodes and distant anatomic sites early.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Odontogenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODONTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Odontogenic tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334558"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9342/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9270/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Odontogenic_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9270/3"}]}}{"C7492":{"preferredName":"Ameloblastic Carcinoma","code":"C7492","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues with-enamel organ differentiation (but without enamel formation).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare, cytologically malignant ameloblastoma that may metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"ODONTOMA, AMELOBLASTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1314678"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ameloblastic_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ameloblastic carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9270/3"}]}}{"C66800":{"preferredName":"Ameloblastic Fibrodentinoma","code":"C66800","definitions":[{"description":"A rare neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It usually arises from the posterior mandible. It is characterized by the presence of an epithelial component, fibromyxoid stroma, and dentin formation. It is treated with enucleation and curettage. Recurrences may occur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastic Fibrodentinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic fibrodentinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0457520"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9271/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ameloblastic_Fibrodentinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ameloblastic fibrodentinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9271/0"}]}}{"C54323":{"preferredName":"Dentinogenic Ghost Cell Tumor","code":"C54323","definitions":[{"description":"A benign but locally infiltrating neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It is more often intraosseous and less frequently extraosseous and occurs in the jaw. It is characterized by the presence of ameloblastoma-like epithelium, connective tissue stroma, ghost cells, and dysplastic dentin. Wide local resection is recommended for intraosseous neoplasms and enucleation for extraosseous neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Calcifying Ghost Cell Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DGCT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dentinoameloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dentinogenic Ghost Cell Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Dentinogenic Ghost Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dentinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Dentinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Ghost Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic ghost cell tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704219"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9302/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dentinogenic_Ghost_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dentinogenic ghost cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9271/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic ghost cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dentinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9302/0"}]}}{"C173927":{"preferredName":"Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia","code":"C173927","definitions":[{"description":"A non-neoplastic fibro-osseous lesion of the tooth-bearing regions of the gnathic bones. It is characterized by a variably cellular fibrous stroma with areas of swirling and/or loose collagen. Within the stroma are mineralizing tissues consisting of osteoid, bone, and cementum-like material. As the lesions mature, they become increasingly calcified. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cemental Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cementoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cementoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Osseous Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cementoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9272/0"}]}}{"C173928":{"preferredName":"Periapical Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia","code":"C173928","definitions":[{"description":"Cemento-osseous dysplasia affecting the apical areas of mandibular anterior teeth. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Periapical COD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periapical Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periapical Osseous Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Periapical cemental dysplasia"}]}}{"C4308":{"preferredName":"Cementoblastoma","code":"C4308","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign bone-forming neoplasm usually arising from the jaw. It is a well-circumscribed lytic tumor that varies in size. The cell of origin is the cementoblast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Cementoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cementoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cementoblastoma, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007659"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9273/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Cementoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cementoblastoma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9273/0"}]}}{"C8422":{"preferredName":"Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma","code":"C8422","definitions":[{"description":"A benign fibrous neoplasm characterized by a mineralized component (woven bone, lamellar bone, or cementum-like material).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A well circumscribed lesion of the bone, most frequently arising from the posterior mandible. It is characterized by the presence of fibrous tissue and a mineralized component which may be woven bone, lamellar bone, or cementum-like material. Complete removal is recommended, since it continues to enlarge if left untreated.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cementifying Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cementifying fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cemento-ossifying fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"FIBROMA, CEMENTO-OSSIFYING, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroma, Cementifying/Ossifying","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206640"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9274/0"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9262/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cementifying_Fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cementifying fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cemento-ossifying fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9274/0"}]}}{"C8381":{"preferredName":"Florid Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia","code":"C8381","definitions":[{"description":"Cemento-osseous dysplasia with multifocal (multiquadrant) involvement. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Florid COD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Florid Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Florid Osseous Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Florid osseous dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gigantiform Cementoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gigantiform cementoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0555197"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9275/0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gigantiform_Cementoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Florid osseous dysplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gigantiform cementoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9275/0"}]}}{"C3287":{"preferredName":"Odontoma","code":"C3287","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of tooth origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, slow growing, and painless hamartomatous tumor occurring in tooth-bearing areas of the jaws. According to the presence or absence of tooth-like structures, it is classified as complex type or compound type. Odontoma of complex type is characterized by the presence of enamel and dentin and the absence of tooth-like structures. It is treated with local excision. If it is incompletely removed, it may recur. Odontoma of compound type is characterized by the presence of tooth-like structures. It is treated by local excision. Recurrences have not been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibro-Odontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibro-Odontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroodontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroodontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ODONTOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Odontoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028882"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9280/0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Odontoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9280/0"}]}}{"C3711":{"preferredName":"Compound Odontoma","code":"C3711","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, slow growing, and painless hamartomatous tumor occurring in tooth-bearing areas of the jaws. It usually affects children and adolescents. It is characterized by the presence of tooth-like structures. Treatment consists of local excision. Recurrences have not been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Compound Odontoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Compound odontoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205866"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9281/0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Compound_Odontoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Compound odontoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9281/0"}]}}{"C4309":{"preferredName":"Complex Odontoma","code":"C4309","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, slow growing, and painless hamartomatous tumor occurring in tooth-bearing areas of the jaws. It is one of the most common odontogenic tumors and it usually affects children, adolescents, and young adults. It is characterized by the presence of enamel and dentin and the absence of tooth-like structures. It is treated with local excision. If it is incompletely removed, it may recur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Complex Odontoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Complex odontoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334563"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9282/0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Complex_Odontoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Complex odontoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9282/0"}]}}{"C3710":{"preferredName":"Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma","code":"C3710","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues with-enamel organ differentiation (but without enamel formation).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare benign neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It is characterized by the presence of a fibromyxoid stroma, epithelial component, dentin, and enamel. Recurrences are rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic Fibroodontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic Fibroodontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibroameloblastic Odontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fibroameloblastic Odontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroameloblastic odontoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"ODONTOMA, AMELOBLASTIC, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205865"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9290/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ameloblastic_Fibro-Odontoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibroameloblastic odontoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9290/0"}]}}{"C173740":{"preferredName":"Ameloblastic Fibroodontosarcoma","code":"C173740","definitions":[{"description":"An odontogenic sarcoma producing enamel/enameloid and dentin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastic Fibroodontosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic fibro-odontosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic odontosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic odontosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Odontogenic fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Odontogenic fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9290/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ameloblastic fibro-odontosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9290/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ameloblastic odontosarcoma"}]}}{"C4310":{"preferredName":"Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor","code":"C4310","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, slow growing neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. The vast majority of cases are intraosseous and most often grow in the maxilla. It is characterized by the presence of odontogenic epithelium which is embedded in a connective tissue stroma. Local excision is curative and recurrences are very rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenomatoid Odontogenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334565"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9300/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adenomatoid_Odontogenic_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenoameloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9300/0"}]}}{"C54319":{"preferredName":"Calcifying Cystic Odontogenic Tumor","code":"C54319","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, intraosseous or extraosseous cystic neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It is characterized by the presence of a cyst lined by an ameloblastoma-like epithelium and ghost cells formation. The ghost cells may undergo calcification. It is treated with enucleation. Few recurrences have been reported for intraosseous neoplasms whereas no recurrences have been reported for extraosseous neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Calcifying Cystic Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying odontogenic cyst","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gorlin Cyst","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206740"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9301/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Calcifying_Cystic_Odontogenic_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Calcifying odontogenic cyst"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9301/0"}]}}{"C4311":{"preferredName":"Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma","code":"C4311","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma usually arising from the maxilla and less often the mandible. Symptoms include swelling and paresthesia. It is characterized by the presence of rounded islands of malignant epithelial cells in a fibrous stroma and the benign features of calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor. The clinical course varies from slow growing and locally invasive to rapidly growing and highly aggressive with metastases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Ghost Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334566"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9302/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Odontogenic_Ghost_Cell_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9302/3"}]}}{"C4313":{"preferredName":"Ameloblastoma","code":"C4313","definitions":[{"description":"The most common odontogenic tumor, arising from the epithelial component of the embryonic tooth and usually affecting the molar-ramus region of the mandible or maxilla. Although most ameloblastomas are morphologically and clinically benign, they may cause extensive local destruction, recur, or metastasize.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ameloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Ameloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ameloblastoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0002448"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9310/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ameloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ameloblastoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9310/0"}]}}{"C54297":{"preferredName":"Metastasizing Ameloblastoma","code":"C54297","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant odontogenic neoplasm arising from the epithelial component of the embryonic tooth.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare, well differentiated, cytologically benign ameloblastoma which paradoxically metastasizes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMELOBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ameloblastoma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Ameloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Ameloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metastasizing Ameloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334567"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9310/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Metastasizing_Ameloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ameloblastoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ameloblastoma, metastasizing"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9310/3"}]}}{"C54317":{"preferredName":"Odontoameloblastoma","code":"C54317","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, locally aggressive neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It occurs in the mandible and maxilla. It is characterized by the presence of odontogenic epithelium and adjacent myxoid tissue, fibrous stroma, and mineralized dental tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastic Odontoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontoameloblastoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontoameloblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Odontoameloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Odontoblastoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1704220"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9311/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Odontoameloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9311/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontoameloblastoma"}]}}{"C7112":{"preferredName":"Squamous Odontogenic Tumor","code":"C7112","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, locally invasive neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It usually grows intraosseously in the mandible. The maxilla is less frequently involved. It is characterized by the presence of well differentiated squamous cells which form islands. Recurrences may rarely occur and probably are related to incomplete excision of the tumor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Squamous Odontogenic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous odontogenic tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1458142"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9312/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Squamous_Odontogenic_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous odontogenic tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9312/0"}]}}{"C7501":{"preferredName":"Odontogenic Myxoma","code":"C7501","definitions":[{"description":"An intraosseous odontogenic neoplasm with good prognosis, arising from the mandible and less frequently from the maxilla. It is characterized by the presence of stellate cells and abundant myxoid stroma formation. Small tumors may be cured with enucleation. Complete excision may be required for larger tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Odontogenic Myxoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic myxoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334569"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9320/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Odontogenic_Myxoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic myxoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9320/0"}]}}{"C7452":{"preferredName":"Odontogenic Myxofibroma","code":"C7452","definitions":[{"description":"An intraosseous odontogenic neoplasm with good prognosis, arising from the mandible and less frequently from the maxilla. It is characterized by the presence of stellate cells, myxoid stroma formation, and prominent collagen. Small tumors may be cured with enucleation. Complete excision may be required for larger tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Odontogenic Myxofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic myxofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1377940"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Odontogenic_Myxofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic myxofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9320/0"}]}}{"C4314":{"preferredName":"Odontogenic Fibroma","code":"C4314","definitions":[{"description":"A benign intraosseous neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues in the mandible and maxilla, characterized by the presence of islands of odontogenic epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A rare, benign, intraosseous neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues in the mandible and maxilla. It is characterized by the presence of odontogenic epithelium which is embedded in a fibrous stroma. Local enucleation of the tumor is curative.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Central Odontogenic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Central Odontogenic Fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central odontogenic fibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"FIBROMA, ODONTOGENIC, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic fibroma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1260966"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9321/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Odontogenic_Fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Central odontogenic fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic fibroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9321/0"}]}}{"C4315":{"preferredName":"Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma","code":"C4315","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, benign, extraosseous neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It usually presents as a slow growing exophytic mass in the gingiva. It is characterized by the presence of odontogenic epithelium which is embedded in a fibrous stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral odontogenic fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334571"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9322/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peripheral_Odontogenic_Fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peripheral odontogenic fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9322/0"}]}}{"C4316":{"preferredName":"Ameloblastic Fibroma","code":"C4316","definitions":[{"description":"A rare neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It usually arises from the posterior mandible. It is characterized by the presence of an epithelial component and fibromyxoid stroma. It may recur and rarely shows malignant transformation to ameloblastic fibrosarcoma. It is treated with enucleation and curettage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastic Fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic fibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibrodentinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334572"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9330/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ameloblastic_Fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ameloblastic fibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9330/0"}]}}{"C4317":{"preferredName":"Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma","code":"C4317","definitions":[{"description":"A locally aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from odontogenic tissue. It occurs in the mandible and less often in the maxilla. It is characterized by the presence of a malignant connective tissue component and a benign epithelial component. The frequency of distal metastases is low.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AFS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ameloblastic sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334573"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9330/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ameloblastic_Fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ameloblastic sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9330/3"}]}}{"C54301":{"preferredName":"Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor","code":"C54301","definitions":[{"description":"A slow growing, locally invasive neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It most often grows intraosseously in the mandible and less frequently in the maxilla. In a minority of cases it grows extraosseously in the gingiva. It is characterized by the presence of a fibrous stroma, epithelial cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, and amyloid material which is often calcified. Small tumors may be successfully treated with enucleation. Local resection is usually required for larger tumors. Recurrences have been reported in a minority of cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEOT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pindborg Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pindborg tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334574"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9340/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Calcifying_Epithelial_Odontogenic_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pindborg tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9340/0"}]}}{"C54300":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma","code":"C54300","definitions":[{"description":"A usually aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from tooth-forming tissues. It more often affects older females and more frequently occurs in the mandible. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm and a fibrotic stroma formation. It may recur and metastasize. Metastases may occur in the lymph nodes, lungs, and bones. Treatment of choice is resection with clean margins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Ameloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Odontogenic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Clear cell odontogenic tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475829"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9341/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9341/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Odontogenic_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell odontogenic tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9341/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9341/3"}]}}{"C173735":{"preferredName":"Odontogenic Carcinosarcoma","code":"C173735","definitions":[{"description":"An extremely rare malignant mixed odontogenic neoplasm in which both the epithelial and the mesenchymal components are cytologically malignant. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ameloblastic Carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Odontogenic Mixed Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic Carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic carcinosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic Carcinosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9342/3"}]}}{"C2964":{"preferredName":"Craniopharyngioma","code":"C2964","definitions":[{"description":"A benign brain tumor that may be considered malignant because it can damage the hypothalamus, the area of the brain that controls body temperature, hunger, and thirst.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign epithelial neoplasm of the sellar region, presumably derived from Rathke pouch epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A histologically benign, but locally destructive, partly cystic, epithelial tumor of the sellar region, derived from Rathke pouch epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A benign, partly cystic, epithelial tumor of the sellar region, presumably derived from Rathke pouch epithelium. It affects mainly children and young adults. There are two clinicopathological forms: adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma and papillary craniopharyngioma. The most significant factor associated with recurrence is the extent of surgical resection, with lesions greater than 5 cm in diameter carrying a markedly worse prognosis. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Craniopharyngioma (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cystoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rathke Pouch Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rathke Pouch Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rathke Pouch Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rathke Pouch Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rathke pouch tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rathke's Pouch Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rathke's Pouch Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rathke's Pouch Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Rathke's Pouch Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tumor of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010276"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9350/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Craniopharyngioma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Craniopharyngioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neoplasm of uncertain or unknown behaviour: Craniopharyngeal duct"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Craniopharyngioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rathke pouch tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Craniopharyngioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9350/1"}]}}{"C4726":{"preferredName":"Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma","code":"C4726","definitions":[{"description":"A craniopharyngioma consisting of broad strands, cords and bridges of a multistratified squamous epithelium with peripheral palisading of nuclei. Diagnostic features include nodules of compact 'wet' keratin and dystrophic calcification. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adamantinous Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinous Neoplasm of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinous Rathke's Pouch Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinous Rathke's Pouch Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adamantinous Tumor of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Craniopharyngioma, adamantinomatous","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0431129"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9351/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adamantinous_Craniopharyngioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Craniopharyngioma, adamantinomatous"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9351/1"}]}}{"C4725":{"preferredName":"Papillary Craniopharyngioma","code":"C4725","definitions":[{"description":"A craniopharyngioma composed of sheets of squamous epithelium which separate to form pseudopapillae. This variant typically lacks nuclear palisading, wet keratin, calcification, and cholesterol deposits. Clinically, endocrine deficiencies are more often associated with papillary craniopharyngioma than with the adamantinomatous type. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Craniopharyngioma, papillary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"PCP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Papillary Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Craniopharyngioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Papillary Neoplasm of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Rathke Pouch Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Rathke's Pouch Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Rathke's Pouch Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Tumor of Rathke's Pouch","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0431128"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9352/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Craniopharyngioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Craniopharyngioma, papillary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9352/1"}]}}{"C6965":{"preferredName":"Pineal Parenchymal Cell Neoplasm","code":"C6965","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm arising from the pineocyte, a cell with photosensory and neuroendocrine functions. It may be composed of mature elements or primitive, immature cells. The cellular composition determines the biological behavior and clinical outcome. Three types are recognized: pineoblastoma, pineocytoma, and pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation (Adapted from WHO.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Parenchymal Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Parenchymal Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Parenchymal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Parenchymal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal parenchymal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Pineocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0031941"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9360/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pineal_Parenchymal_Cell_Neoplasm"}]}}{"C6966":{"preferredName":"Pineocytoma","code":"C6966","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the brain arising from the pineal gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, slow growing, pineal parenchymal tumor that more frequently affects young adults.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A slow growing type of brain tumor that occurs in or around the pineal gland, a tiny organ near the center of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A WHO grade I slow growing tumor, more frequently affecting young adults. It is composed of small, uniform, mature cells resembling pineocytes with occasional large pineocytomatous rosettes. It may show a wide range of divergent phenotypes, including neuronal, glial, melanocytic, photoreceptor and mesenchymal differentiation. Pineocytoma generally has a relatively favorable prognosis. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Pinealoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Benign Pinealoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"PINEOCYTOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pinealocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pineocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pineocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pineocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pineocytoma (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pineocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0917890"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9361/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pineocytoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Pineocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9361/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pineocytoma"}]}}{"C9344":{"preferredName":"Pineoblastoma","code":"C9344","definitions":[{"description":"A fast growing type of brain tumor that occurs in or around the pineal gland, a tiny organ near the center of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A poorly differentiated malignant embryonal neoplasm arising from the pineal region of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A poorly differentiated malignant embryonal neoplasm arising from the pineal region. It usually occurs in children and it is characterized by the presence of small immature neuroepithelial cells. It may follow an aggressive clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PINEOBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PNET of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PNET of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNET of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PNET of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland PNET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland PNET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal Gland Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal PNET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal PNET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pineal Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineoblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pineoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Pineoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pineoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pineoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pineoblastoma (WHO Grade IV)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of the Pineal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pineoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205898"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9362/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pineoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9362/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pineoblastoma"}]}}{"C6967":{"preferredName":"Pineal Parenchymal Tumor of Intermediate Differentiation","code":"C6967","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade II or III pineal parenchymal neoplasm of intermediate-grade malignancy, affecting all ages. It is composed of diffuse sheets or large lobules of uniform cells with mild to moderate nuclear atypia and low to moderate level mitotic activity. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pineal Parenchymal Tumor of Intermediate Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Parenchymal Tumor of Intermediate Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1367859"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pineal_Parenchymal_Tumor_of_Intermediate_Differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9362/3"}]}}{"C3717":{"preferredName":"Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor","code":"C3717","definitions":[{"description":"A rare neoplasm usually occurring in infants. It is characterized by the presence of a mixture of melanin-containing epithelial cells and smaller neuroblast-like cells. It may involve the skull and facial bones, or the epididymis. It usually has a benign clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infantile Melanotic Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MNTI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Progonoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Melanotic progonoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pigmented Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinal Anlage Neoplasm","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinal anlage tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206094"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9363/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infantile_Melanotic_Neuroectodermal_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanotic progonoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinal anlage tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9363/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanoameloblastoma"}]}}{"C9341":{"preferredName":"Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","code":"C9341","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer that forms in bone or soft tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small round cell tumor with neural differentiation arising from the soft tissues or bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neuro-Differentiated Ewing Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"PPNET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neuroepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral PNET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral neuroectodermal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"pPNET","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pPNET","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3489398"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9364/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peripheral_Primitive_Neuroectodermal_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peripheral neuroectodermal tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9364/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"PPNET"}]}}{"C3716":{"preferredName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","code":"C3716","definitions":[{"description":"One of a group of cancers that develop from the same type of early cells, and share certain biochemical and genetic features. Some PNETs develop in the brain and central nervous system (CNS-PNET), and others develop in sites outside of the brain such as the limbs, pelvis, and chest wall (peripheral PNET).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm that originates in the neuroectoderm. The neuroectoderm constitutes the portion of the ectoderm of the early embryo that gives rise to the central and peripheral nervous systems and includes some glial cell precursors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNET","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNET","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PNET, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (PNET)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Primitive neuroectodermal tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"neuroectodermal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"primitive neuroectodermal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206663"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9503/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9473/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neuroectodermal_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neuroepithelioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neuroectodermal tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primitive neuroectodermal tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"PNET, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9503/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9473/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9364/3"}]}}{"C7542":{"preferredName":"Askin Tumor","code":"C7542","definitions":[{"description":"A primitive neuroectodermal tumor (small round blue cell tumor) of the thorax which can involve the periosteum, thoracic wall and/or pleura though it spares the lung parenchyma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Askin Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Askin Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Askin Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Askin tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Askin's Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PNET of Thoracopulmonary Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neuroectodermal Tumor of Thoracopulmonary Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Cell Tumor of Thoracopulmonary Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0877849"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9365/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Askin_s_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Askin tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9365/3"}]}}{"C2947":{"preferredName":"Chordoma","code":"C2947","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant bone neoplasm arising from the remnants of the fetal notochord.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of bone cancer that usually starts in the lower spinal column or at the base of the skull.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant bone tumor arising from the remnants of the fetal notochord. Although it can occur at all ages, it is more frequently seen in middle-aged adults. The most frequent sites of involvement are the sacrococcygeal area, spheno-occipital area, and cervico-thoraco-lumbar spine. Microscopically, chordomas are composed of cells that form cords and lobules, separated by mucoid intercellular tissue. Some of the cells are large (physaliphorous) and have vacuolated cytoplasm and prominent vesicular nuclei. Other tumor cells are small with small nuclei without visible nucleoli. Chordomas tend to recur and may metastasize. The most common sites of metastasis are the skin and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHORDOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chordoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Chordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Chordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chordoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"chordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008487"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9370/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chordoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chordoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9370/3"}]}}{"C6902":{"preferredName":"Chondroid Chordoma","code":"C6902","definitions":[{"description":"A slow-growing malignant bone tumor arising from the remnants of the notochord and occurring in the base of the skull. The tumor is characterized by a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, and the presence of physaliphorous cells and cartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chondroid Chordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chondroid chordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266173"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9371/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chondroid_Chordoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chondroid chordoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9371/3"}]}}{"C48876":{"preferredName":"Dedifferentiated Chordoma","code":"C48876","definitions":[{"description":"A high-grade malignant bone tumor arising from the remnants of the notochord. It is characterized by a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, the presence of physaliphorous cells, and a sarcomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dedifferentiated Chordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dedifferentiated chordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Chordoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266174"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9372/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dedifferentiated_Chordoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dedifferentiated chordoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9372/3"}]}}{"C6581":{"preferredName":"Parachordoma","code":"C6581","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, usually benign myoepithelial tumor characterized by the presence of epithelioid, often vacuolated neoplastic cells. Most patients present with painless swelling in the subcutaneous or subfascial soft tissues of the extremities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Parachordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Parachordoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266175"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9373/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9373/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Parachordoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9373/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Parachordoma"}]}}{"C4822":{"preferredName":"Malignant Glioma","code":"C4822","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neuroglial neoplasm. The term can apply to several primary neoplasm of the brain and spinal cord, including astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma in addition to others.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A grade III or grade IV glioma arising from the central nervous system. This category includes glioblastoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic ependymoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, and anaplastic oligoastrocytoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLIOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Glioma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"High Grade Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Glial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Glial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Glial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Glial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Glioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Malignant Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neuroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neuroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neuroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neuroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0555198"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9380/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Glioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glioma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9380/3"}]}}{"C4318":{"preferredName":"Gliomatosis Cerebri","code":"C4318","definitions":[{"description":"A diffuse glial tumor which infiltrates the brain extensively, involving more than two lobes. It is frequently bilateral and often extends to the infratentorial structures, even to the spinal cord. It is probably of astrocytic origin, although GFAP expression may be scant or absent. (Adapted from WHO.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Astrocytosis cerebri","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliomatosis Cerebri","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliomatosis cerebri","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334576"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9381/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gliomatosis_Cerebri"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gliomatosis cerebri"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9381/3"}]}}{"C3903":{"preferredName":"Mixed Glioma","code":"C3903","definitions":[{"description":"A brain tumor that forms from more than one type of brain cell, usually astrocytes and oligodendrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm comprising two or more glial cell types (e.g., astrocytes, ependymal cells, oligodendrocytes).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tumor composed of two or more glial cell types (astrocytes, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLIOMA, MIXED, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Glioma, Mixed","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Glial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Glial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Glial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Glial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Glioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mixed Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mixed Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Neuroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Neuroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Neuroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Neuroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"mixed glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0259783"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9382/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Glioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed glioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9382/3"}]}}{"C6959":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma","code":"C6959","definitions":[{"description":"An oligoastrocytoma characterized by the presence of increased cellularity, nuclear atypia, pleomorphism, and high mitotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Mixed Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anaplastic oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"WHO Grade III Mixed Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0431108"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anaplastic_Oligoastrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic oligoastrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9382/3"}]}}{"C4050":{"preferredName":"Oligoastrocytoma","code":"C4050","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the central nervous system with an astrocytic and oligodendrocytic component.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A brain tumor that forms from both oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, which are types of glial cells (cells that cover and protect nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord and help them work the way they should). An oligoastrocytoma is a type of mixed glioma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A WHO grade II tumor composed of a conspicuous mixture of two distinct neoplastic cell types morphologically resembling the tumor cells in oligodendroglioma and diffuse astrocytoma. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLIOMA, MIXED, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mixed Astrocytic-Oligodendroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Astrocytic-Oligodendroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Astrocytoma-Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Oligo-Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"WHO Grade II Mixed Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oligoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280793"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Astrocytoma-Oligodendroglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oligoastrocytoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9382/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oligoastrocytoma"}]}}{"C3795":{"preferredName":"Subependymoma","code":"C3795","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the brain localized in the vicinity of a ventricular wall and is composed of glial tumor cell clusters embedded in an abundant fibrillary matrix with frequent microcystic changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, slow growing neoplasm which is typically attached to a ventricular wall. It is composed of glial tumor cell clusters embedded in an abundant fibrillary matrix with frequent microcystic change. Some lesions have the histological features of both subependymoma and ependymoma. It is often detected incidentally and has a very favorable prognosis. (Adapted from WHO.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SUBEPENDYMOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Subependymal Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subependymal Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Subependymal Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subependymal glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Subependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Subependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"WHO Grade I Ependymal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade I Ependymal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Who Grade I Ependymal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Who Grade I Ependymal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206725"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9383/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Subependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed subependymoma-ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Subependymal glioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Subependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9383/1"}]}}{"C3696":{"preferredName":"Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma","code":"C3696","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, slowly growing tumor (WHO grade I) typically arising in the wall of the lateral ventricles and composed of large ganglioid astrocytes. It is the most common CNS neoplasm in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex and typically occurs during the first two decades of life. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SEGA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205768"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9384/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Subependymal_Giant_Cell_Astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9384/1"}]}}{"C3698":{"preferredName":"Choroid Plexus Papilloma","code":"C3698","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the choroid plexus of the central nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign, slow growing tumor which may cause symptoms by blocking cerebrospinal fluid pathways. It is characterized by the presence of delicate fibrovascular connective tissue fronds covered by a single layer of epithelial cells. Mitotic activity is extremely low. Surgical resection is usually curative. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Choroid plexus papilloma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"PAPILLOMA, CHOROID PLEXUS, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Papilloma of Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Papilloma of Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papilloma of the Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Papilloma of the Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205770"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9390/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Choroid_Plexus_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Choroid plexus papilloma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9390/0"}]}}{"C53686":{"preferredName":"Atypical Choroid Plexus Papilloma","code":"C53686","definitions":[{"description":"A choroid plexus papilloma characterized by increased mitotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Choroid Plexus Papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical choroid plexus papilloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266176"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9390/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Choroid_Plexus_Papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical choroid plexus papilloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9390/1"}]}}{"C4715":{"preferredName":"Choroid Plexus Carcinoma","code":"C4715","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the choroid plexus of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the choroid plexus. It shows anaplastic features and usually invades neighboring brain structures. Cerebrospinal fluid metastases are frequent. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Choroid Plexus Papilloma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Choroid Plexus Papilloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CARCINOMA, CHOROID PLEXUS, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cancer of Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cancer of Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cancer of the Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Choroid plexus carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Choroid plexus carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Choroid plexus papilloma, anaplastic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Choroid plexus papilloma, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0431109"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9390/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Choroid_Plexus_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Choroid plexus papilloma, anaplastic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Choroid plexus papilloma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9390/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Choroid plexus carcinoma"}]}}{"C4713":{"preferredName":"Cellular Ependymoma","code":"C4713","definitions":[{"description":"An ependymoma which shows conspicuous cellularity without a significant increase in mitotic rate. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1384403"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cellular_Ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cellular ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9391/3"}]}}{"C4714":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Ependymoma","code":"C4714","definitions":[{"description":"An ependymoma, often supratentorial in location, characterized by the presence of ependymal cells with a perinuclear halo.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear cell ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1384404"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9391/3"}]}}{"C6903":{"preferredName":"Tanycytic Ependymoma","code":"C6903","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of ependymoma, often found in the spinal cord, with tumor cells arranged in fascicles of variable width and cell density. Ependymal rosettes are generally absent, so this lesion must be distinguished from astrocytic neoplasms, but its EM characteristics are ependymal. (Adapted from WHO.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tanycytic Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tanycytic Ependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Tanycytic ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1370500"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tanycytic_Ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tanycytic ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9391/3"}]}}{"C4049":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Ependymoma","code":"C4049","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade III malignant glioma of ependymal origin with accelerated growth and an unfavorable clinical outcome, particularly in children. It is characterized by high mitotic activity, often accompanied by microvascular proliferation and pseudo-palisading necrosis. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Ependymal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Ependymal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Ependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ependymoma, anaplastic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Ependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Ependymal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Ependymal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Ependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade III Ependymal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade III Ependymal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280788"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9392/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anaplastic_Ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ependymoma, anaplastic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9392/3"}]}}{"C4915":{"preferredName":"Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes, C19MC-Altered","code":"C4915","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive malignant embryonal neoplasm arising from the central nervous system. It is characterized by the presence of multilayered rosettes formation and the presence of amplification of the C19MC region on chromosome 19 (19q13.42).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETMR, C19MC-Altered","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Tumor with Abundant Neuropil and True Rosettes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes with C19MC Amplification","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes, C19MC-Altered","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes C19MC-altered","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ependymoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ependymoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0700367"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ependymoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes C19MC-altered"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9392/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes with C19MC alteration"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9478/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ependymoblastoma"}]}}{"C4319":{"preferredName":"Papillary Ependymoma","code":"C4319","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of ependymoma characterized by well formed papillae. Tumor cell processes abutting capillaries are usually GFAP-positive. Differential diagnoses include choroid plexus papilloma, papillary meningioma and metastatic papillary carcinoma. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334578"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9393/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9393/3"}]}}{"C3697":{"preferredName":"Myxopapillary Ependymoma","code":"C3697","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of ependymal origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A slow growing, WHO grade I glioma which generally occurs in young adults. It arises almost exclusively in the conus medullaris, cauda equina, and filum terminale of the spinal cord. It generally has a favorable prognosis and is characterized histologically by tumor cells arranged in a papillary manner around vascularized mucoid stromal cores. (Adapted from WHO).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPENDYMOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Myxopapillary Ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxopapillary Ependymoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Myxopapillary ependymoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205769"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9394/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myxopapillary_Ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myxopapillary ependymoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9394/1"}]}}{"C92624":{"preferredName":"Papillary Tumor of the Pineal Region","code":"C92624","definitions":[{"description":"A rare tumor that arises from the pineal region and affects adults. It is characterized by the presence of neuroepithelial cells and a papillary architecture. Electron microscopic studies suggest ependymal differentiation. The clinical course is variable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Tumor of the Pineal Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary tumor of the pineal region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2985219"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9395/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary tumor of pineal region"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary tumor of the pineal region"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9395/3"}]}}{"C60781":{"preferredName":"Astrocytoma","code":"C60781","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the central nervous system that arises from astrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A tumor that begins in the brain or spinal cord in small, star-shaped cells called astrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tumor of the brain or spinal cord showing astrocytic differentiation. It includes the following clinicopathological entities: pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, and subependymal giant cell astrocytoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Astrocytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Astrocytoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004114"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9400/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Astrocytoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9400/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Astrocytoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Astrocytoma"}]}}{"C7173":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma","code":"C7173","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant astrocytic neoplasm characterized by a high degree of cellular differentiation, slow growth, and diffuse infiltration of neighboring brain structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A low-grade (WHO grade II) astrocytic neoplasm. It is characterized by diffuse infiltration of neighboring central nervous system structures. These lesions typically affect young adults and have a tendency for progression to anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma. Based on the IDH genes mutation status, diffuse astrocytomas are classified as IDH-mutant, IDH-wildtype, and not otherwise specified.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASTROCYTOMA, DIFFUSE, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Astrocytoma, Diffuse","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Diffuse astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade II Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-grade astrocytoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"WHO Grade II Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280785"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diffuse_Astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cystic astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse astrocytoma, low grade"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9400/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Astrocytoma, low grade"}]}}{"C6958":{"preferredName":"Astrocytic Tumor","code":"C6958","definitions":[{"description":"A glial tumor of the brain or spinal cord showing astrocytic differentiation. It includes the following clinicopathological entities: pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, and glioblastoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Astroglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Astroglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL357919"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Astrocytic_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Astrocytic glioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Astroglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9400/3"}]}}{"C9477":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma","code":"C9477","definitions":[{"description":"A diffusely infiltrating, WHO grade III astrocytoma with focal or dispersed anaplasia, and a marked proliferative potential. It may arise from a low-grade astrocytoma, but it can also be diagnosed at first biopsy, without indication of a less malignant precursor lesion. It has an intrinsic tendency for malignant progression to glioblastoma. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anaplastic astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Astrocytoma, anaplastic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade III Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-grade astrocytoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Malignant Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334579"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9401/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anaplastic_Astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Astrocytoma, anaplastic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Astrocytoma, anaplastic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9401/3"}]}}{"C4320":{"preferredName":"Protoplasmic Astrocytoma","code":"C4320","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of diffuse astrocytoma. It is predominantly composed of neoplastic astrocytes showing a small cell body with few, flaccid processes with a low content of glial filaments and scant GFAP expression. This lesion is not well defined and is considered by some authors as an occasional histopathological feature rather than a reproducibly identifiable variant. When occurring in children, this neoplasm may be difficult to separate from pilocytic juvenile astrocytoma. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Protoplasmic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Protoplasmic astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334580"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9410/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Protoplasmic_Astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Protoplasmic astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9410/3"}]}}{"C4321":{"preferredName":"Gemistocytic Astrocytoma","code":"C4321","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of diffuse astrocytoma. It is characterized by the presence of a conspicuous, though variable, fraction of gemistocytic neoplastic astrocytes. Gemistocytes are round to oval astrocytes with abundant, glassy, non-fibrillary cytoplasm which appears to displace the dark, angulated nucleus to the periphery of the cell. To make the diagnosis of gemistocytic astrocytoma, gemistocytes should amount to more than approximately 20% of all tumor cells. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gemistocytic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gemistocytic astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gemistocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gemistocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334581"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9411/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gemistocytic_Astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gemistocytic astrocytoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gemistocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9411/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gemistocytic astrocytoma"}]}}{"C9476":{"preferredName":"Desmoplastic Infantile Astrocytoma","code":"C9476","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I large cystic tumor that occurs almost exclusively in infants, and which involves the superficial cerebral cortex and leptomeninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A WHO grade I large cystic tumor that occurs almost exclusively in infants, with a prominent desmoplastic stroma having a neuroepithelial population consisting mainly of neoplastic astrocytes. It involves the superficial cerebral cortex and leptomeninges, and often attaches to the dura. Although clinically it presents as large tumor, it generally has a good prognosis following surgical resection. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Astrocytoma of Infancy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Infantile Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Infantile Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0457179"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9412/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Desmoplastic_Infantile_Astrocytoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Desmoplastic Infantile Astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9412/1"}]}}{"C4738":{"preferredName":"Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma","code":"C4738","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I large cystic tumor that occurs almost exclusively in infants. It involves the superficial cerebral cortex and leptomeninges, and often attaches to the dura.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A WHO grade I large cystic tumor that occurs almost exclusively in infants, with a prominent desmoplastic stroma having a neuroepithelial population of neoplastic astrocytes together with a variable neuronal component. It involves the superficial cerebral cortex and leptomeninges, and often attaches to the dura. Although clinically it presents as a large tumor, it generally has a good prognosis following surgical resection. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DIG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1321878"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Desmoplastic_Infantile_Ganglioglioma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9412/1"}]}}{"C9505":{"preferredName":"Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor","code":"C9505","definitions":[{"description":"A benign glial-neuronal neoplasm. It is usually supratentorial, located in the cortex. It occurs in children and young adults with a long-standing history of partial seizures. A histologic hallmark of this tumor is the 'specific glioneuronal element', characterized by columns, made up of bundles of axons, oriented perpendicularly to the cortical surface. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DNET","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DNT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266177"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9413/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dysembryoplastic_Neuroepithelial_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9413/0"}]}}{"C4322":{"preferredName":"Fibrillary Astrocytoma","code":"C4322","definitions":[{"description":"The most frequent histological variant of diffuse astrocytoma. It is predominantly composed of fibrillary neoplastic astrocytes. Nuclear atypia is a diagnostic criterion but mitotic activity, necrosis and microvascular proliferation are absent. The occasional or regional occurrence of gemistocytic neoplastic cells is compatible with the diagnosis of fibrillary astrocytoma. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibrillary Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Fibrillary Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrillary astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Fibrillary astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fibrous astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334582"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9420/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibrillary_Astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibrillary astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibrous astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9420/3"}]}}{"C4047":{"preferredName":"Pilocytic Astrocytoma","code":"C4047","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I, relatively circumscribed, slowly growing, often cystic astrocytoma occurring in children and young adults. Histologically it is characterized by a biphasic pattern with compacted bipolar cells associated with Rosenthal fibers and multipolar cells associated with microcysts and eosinophilic bodies/hyaline droplets. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade I Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade I Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade I Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilocytic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Pilocytic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilocytic Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pilocytic astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Pilocytic astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334583"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9421/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pilocytic_Astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pilocytic astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Piloid astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9421/1"}]}}{"C9022":{"preferredName":"Childhood Astrocytic Tumor","code":"C9022","definitions":[{"description":"An astrocytic tumor arising during childhood, without designation of benign or malignant, nor a designated location.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An astrocytic tumor appearing before the age of twenty one without designation of benign or malignant nor designated location.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Astrocytic Tumors, Childhood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Childhood Astrocytic Tumour","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pediatric Astrocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pediatric Astrocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1321865"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Childhood_Astrocytic_Tumor"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Childhood Astrocytic Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juvenile astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9421/1"}]}}{"C66801":{"preferredName":"Polar Spongioblastoma","code":"C66801","definitions":[{"description":"A lesion characterized by the presence of neoplastic neuroepithelial cells with palisading nuclei. This lesion implies a morphologic growth pattern and it is not considered a clinicopathological entity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polar Spongioblastoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polar spongioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0555199"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9423/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polar_Spongioblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Polar spongioblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spongioblastoma polare"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9423/3"}]}}{"C4323":{"preferredName":"Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma","code":"C4323","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade ll astrocytic tumor with a relatively favorable prognosis. It is characterized by pleomorphic and lipidized cells expressing GFAP often surrounded by a reticulin network and eosinophilic granular bodies. It presents in the superficial cerebral hemispheres and involves the meninges. It typically affects children and young adults.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pleomorphic Xantho-Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334586"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9424/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pleomorphic_Xanthoastrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9424/3"}]}}{"C40315":{"preferredName":"Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma","code":"C40315","definitions":[{"description":"An astrocytic tumor of uncertain relation to pilocytic astrocytoma. It occurs predominantly in infants and young children. It is characterized by a monomorphic architectural pattern, usually associated with the absence of Rosenthal fibers and eosinophilic granular bodies. The clinical course is usually aggressive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pilomyxoid astrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519086"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9425/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pilomyxoid_Astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pilomyxoid astrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9425/3"}]}}{"C4324":{"preferredName":"Astroblastoma","code":"C4324","definitions":[{"description":"A rare glial neoplasm more commonly found in young adults. It is characterized by tumor cells with characteristics suggestive of an astrocytic origin (positive for GFAP), arranged perivascularly. The cells have broad, non-tapering processes radiating towards a central blood vessel. The biologic behavior of astroblastomas is variable, so no WHO grade has been established, yet. (Adapted from WHO.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Astroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Astroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334587"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9430/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Astroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9430/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Astroblastoma"}]}}{"C92552":{"preferredName":"Angiocentric Glioma","code":"C92552","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I, slow-growing brain neoplasm of children and young adults, associated with epilepsy. Morphologically it is characterized by an angiocentric pattern, monomorphic cellular infiltrate, and ependymal differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiocentric Glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiocentric Glioma (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiocentric Neuroepithelial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiocentric glioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Monomorphus Angiocentric Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2363903"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9431/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiocentric glioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9431/1"}]}}{"C94524":{"preferredName":"Pituicytoma","code":"C94524","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An extremely rare, WHO grade I, circumscribed and slow-growing tumor that arises from the neurohypophysis or infundibulum and described in adults. It is characterized by the presence of elongated, spindle-shaped neoplastic glial cells that form storiform patterns or interlacing fascicular arrangements. Signs and symptoms include visual disturbances, headache, amenorrhea, and decreased libido.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PITUICYTOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pituicytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Pituicytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pituicytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pituicytoma (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Posterior Pituitary Astrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986550"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9432/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9432/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pituicytoma"}]}}{"C4325":{"preferredName":"Giant Cell Glioblastoma","code":"C4325","definitions":[{"description":"A rare histological variant of glioblastoma (WHO grade IV) with a predominance of bizarre, multinucleated giant cells, an occasionally abundant stromal reticulin network, and a high frequency of TP53 mutations. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Giant Cell Glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Giant Cell Glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Giant cell glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334588"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9441/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Giant_Cell_Glioblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Giant cell glioblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9441/3"}]}}{"C5419":{"preferredName":"Gliofibroma","code":"C5419","definitions":[{"description":"An astrocytic tumor affecting young people. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of collagenous tissue surrounding neoplastic astrocytes. In some cases the collagen is produced by the tumor cells (desmoplastic astrocytoma), whereas in others it is produced by mesenchymal cells (mixed glioma/fibroma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gliofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gliofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266178"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9442/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gliofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9442/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gliofibroma"}]}}{"C3796":{"preferredName":"Gliosarcoma","code":"C3796","definitions":[{"description":"A type of glioma (cancer of the brain that comes from glial, or supportive, cells).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare histological variant of glioblastoma (WHO grade IV) characterized by a biphasic tissue pattern with alternating areas displaying glial and mesenchymal differentiation (WHO).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glioblastoma with a Sarcomatous Component","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Gliosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gliosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gliosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"gliosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206726"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9442/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gliosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9442/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glioblastoma with sarcomatous component"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gliosarcoma"}]}}{"C5592":{"preferredName":"Chordoid Glioma of the Third Ventricle","code":"C5592","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, slow-growing neuroepithelial neoplasm of uncertain origin affecting adults. It is located in the third ventricle. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid cells which express GFAP, and mucinous stroma which contains lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chordoid Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chordoid Glioma of 3rd Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chordoid Glioma of Third Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chordoid Glioma of the 3rd Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chordoid Glioma of the Third Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chordoid Glioma of the Third Ventricle (WHO Grade II)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chordoid glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chordoid glioma of third ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Third Ventricle Chordoid Glioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1322252"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9444/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chordoid_Glioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chordoid glioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chordoid glioma of third ventricle"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9444/1"}]}}{"C3288":{"preferredName":"Oligodendroglioma","code":"C3288","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, slow-growing tumor that begins in oligodendrocytes (cells that cover and protect nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A well-differentiated (WHO grade II), diffusely infiltrating neuroglial tumor, typically located in the cerebral hemispheres. It is composed predominantly of cells which morphologically resemble oligodendroglia. The neoplastic cells have rounded homogeneous nuclei and, on paraffin sections, a swollen, clear cytoplasm ('honeycomb' appearance). (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"WHO Grade II Oligodendroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade II Oligodendroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Oligodendroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Well Differentiated Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0751396"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9450/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oligodendroglioma"}]}}{"C4326":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma","code":"C4326","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade III oligodendroglioma with focal or diffuse malignant morphologic features (prominent nuclear pleomorphism, mitoses, and increased cellularity).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anaplastic oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Malignant Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, anaplastic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Oligodendroglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade III Oligodendroglial Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Grade III Oligodendroglial Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334590"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9451/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anaplastic_Oligodendroglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oligodendroglioma, anaplastic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oligodendroglioma, anaplastic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9451/3"}]}}{"C66802":{"preferredName":"Oligodendroblastoma","code":"C66802","definitions":[{"description":"An obsolete term referring to neoplasms arising from oligodendrocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oligodendroblastoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligodendroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0344461"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9460/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oligodendroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9460/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oligodendroblastoma"}]}}{"C9497":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma with Melanotic Differentiation","code":"C9497","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant embryonal neoplasm characterized by the presence of small cells which resemble the cells of classic medulloblastoma and a minor population of melanin-forming neuroepithelial cells. It usually has an unfavorable clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloblastoma with Melanotic Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma with Melanotic Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Melanocytic Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1275668"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Melanotic_Medulloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanotic medulloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9470/3"}]}}{"C4956":{"preferredName":"Desmoplastic/Nodular Medulloblastoma","code":"C4956","definitions":[{"description":"A medulloblastoma characterized by the presence of nodular, collagenous areas which do not contain reticulin, surrounded by hypercellular areas which contain an intercellular reticulin fiber network.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Desmoplastic Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic Nodular Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic nodular medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic/Nodular Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic/Nodular Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Desmoplastic/Nodular Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0751291"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9471/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Desmoplastic_Medulloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Desmoplastic medulloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Desmoplastic nodular medulloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9471/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Circumscribed arachnoidal cerebellar sarcoma"}]}}{"C5407":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma with Extensive Nodularity","code":"C5407","definitions":[{"description":"A medulloblastoma characterized by nodularity and neuronal differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebellar Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma with Extensive Nodularity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma with Extensive Nodularity and Advanced Neuronal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nodular Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334970"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9471/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nodular_Medulloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9471/3"}]}}{"C3706":{"preferredName":"Medullomyoblastoma with Myogenic Differentiation","code":"C3706","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant embryonal neoplasm arising from the cerebellum. It is characterized by the morphologic features of a medulloblastoma and the presence of a striated muscle component. Its clinical behavior is similar to medulloblastoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medullomyoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Medullomyoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medullomyoblastoma with Myogenic Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205833"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9472/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Medullomyoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9472/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medullomyoblastoma"}]}}{"C5398":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C5398","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer that arises from a particular type of cell within the brain or spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A term that refers to central nervous system embryonal tumors which are not fully characterized. This category includes tumors previously designated as central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS Embryonal Tumor, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS PNET","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS PNET","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CNS Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CPNET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System PNET","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (WHO Grade IV)","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central primitive neuroectodermal tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3887678"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Central_Nervous_System_Primitive_Neuroectodermal_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CPNET"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Central primitive neuroectodermal tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9473/3"}]}}{"C6968":{"preferredName":"Supratentorial Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C6968","definitions":[{"description":"A central nervous system embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified arising from the supratentorial region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS/Supratentorial PNET","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supratent. primitive neuro. tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Supratentorial Embryonal Tumor, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supratentorial Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supratentorial PNET","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supratentorial PNET","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Supratentorial Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336538"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Supratentorial_Primitive_Neuroectodermal_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Supratentorial PNET"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9473/3"}]}}{"C6904":{"preferredName":"Large Cell Medulloblastoma","code":"C6904","definitions":[{"description":"A medulloblastoma composed of large cells with prominent nucleoli and a larger amount of cytoplasm in contrast with the cells of the classic medulloblastoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Large Cell Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Cell Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Large cell medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266180"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9474/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Large_Cell_Medulloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large cell medulloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9474/3"}]}}{"C92625":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Medulloblastoma","code":"C92625","definitions":[{"description":"A medulloblastoma characterized by marked nuclear pleomorphism, and high mitotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2985220"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9474/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic medulloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9474/3"}]}}{"C66803":{"preferredName":"Cerebellar Sarcoma","code":"C66803","definitions":[{"description":"An obsolete term referring to desmoplastic medulloblastoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebellar Sarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334592"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9480/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cerebellar_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cerebellar sarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9480/3"}]}}{"C3049":{"preferredName":"Ganglioneuroma","code":"C3049","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of ganglion cells and spindle cell proliferation, located primarily in the brain, ganglia, or adrenal medulla.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A benign neuroblastic tumor of the sympathetic nervous system that occurs in childhood. Ganglioneuroma typically arises from the sympathetic trunk in the mediastinum. Histologic features include spindle cell proliferation (resembling a neurofibroma) and the presence of large ganglion cells. Common presenting features include a palpable abdominal mass, hepatomegaly, and a thoracic mass detected on routine chest X-ray.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GANGLIONEUROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuroma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuroma (Schwannian Stroma-Dominant)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neural Crest Tumor, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017075"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9490/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ganglioneuroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9490/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ganglioneuroma"}]}}{"C3790":{"preferredName":"Ganglioneuroblastoma","code":"C3790","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of neuroblastic and ganglion cells and a stroma with Schwannian differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A neuroblastic tumor characterized by the presence of neuroblastic cells, ganglion cells, and a stroma with Schwannian differentiation constituting more than fifty-percent of the tumor volume. There are two histologic subtypes identified: ganglioneuroblastoma, intermixed and ganglioneuroblastoma, nodular.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GANGLIONEUROBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206718"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9490/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ganglioneuroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9490/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ganglioneuroblastoma"}]}}{"C66804":{"preferredName":"Ganglioneuromatosis","code":"C66804","definitions":[{"description":"Extensive and diffuse infiltration of tissues by ganglioneuroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ganglioneuromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ganglioneuromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334595"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9491/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ganglioneuromatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9491/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ganglioneuromatosis"}]}}{"C6934":{"preferredName":"Gangliocytoma","code":"C6934","definitions":[{"description":"A well differentiated, slow growing neuroepithelial neoplasm composed of neoplastic, mature ganglion cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gangliocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gangliocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gangliocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL378224"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9492/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gangliocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9492/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gangliocytoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gangliocytoma"}]}}{"C8419":{"preferredName":"Dysplastic Cerebellar Gangliocytoma","code":"C8419","definitions":[{"description":"A benign, WHO grade I cerebellar mass, which occurs in young adults and is composed of dysplastic ganglion cells. It is the major CNS manifestation of Cowden disease, an autosomal dominant condition that causes a variety of hamartomas and neoplasms.","attr":"from WHO","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dysplastic Cerebellar Gangliocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysplastic Gangliocytoma of Cerebellum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysplastic Gangliocytoma of the Cerebellum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dysplastic gangliocytoma of cerebellum (Lhermitte-Duclos)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lhermitte-Duclos Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0391826"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9493/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dysplastic_Cerebellar_Gangliocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dysplastic gangliocytoma of cerebellum (Lhermitte-Duclos)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9493/0"}]}}{"C66807":{"preferredName":"Ciliary Body Benign Medulloepithelioma","code":"C66807","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, unilateral, benign embryonal neoplasm typically presenting as a ciliary body mass during childhood. It arises from primitive medullary epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Ciliary Body Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Intraocular Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ciliary Body Benign Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloepithelioma, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879808"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9501/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Intraocular_Medulloepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medulloepithelioma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9501/0"}]}}{"C4327":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Medulloepithelioma","code":"C4327","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant embryonal neoplasm of the central nervous system, occurring in children. It is characterized by the presence of neuroepithelial cells that form papillary, trabecular, or tubular structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare, usually aggressive malignant embryonal neoplasm of the central nervous system occurring in children. It is characterized by the presence of neuroepithelial cells which form papillary, trabecular, or tubular structures and absence of C19MC amplification. Symptoms include headache, nausea, and vomiting.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Central Nervous System Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloepithelioma, Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334596"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Medulloepithelioma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Medulloepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diktyoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9501/3"}]}}{"C66809":{"preferredName":"Ciliary Body Benign Teratoid Medulloepithelioma","code":"C66809","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, unilateral, benign embryonal neoplasm typically presenting as a ciliary body mass during childhood. It arises from primitive medullary epithelium and contains heterologous elements, particularly cartilage, skeletal muscle, and brain tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Intraocular Teratoid Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ciliary Body Benign Teratoid Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teratoid medulloepithelioma, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879809"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9502/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Benign_Intraocular_Teratoid_Medulloepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Teratoid medulloepithelioma, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9502/0"}]}}{"C66810":{"preferredName":"Ciliary Body Teratoid Medulloepithelioma","code":"C66810","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, unilateral, benign or malignant embryonal neoplasm typically presenting as a ciliary body mass during childhood. It arises from primitive medullary epithelium and contains heterologous elements, particularly cartilage, skeletal muscle, and brain tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ciliary Body Teratoid Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraocular Teratoid Medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Teratoid medulloepithelioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1881244"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9502/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intraocular_Teratoid_Medulloepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Teratoid medulloepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Teratoid medulloepithelioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9502/3"}]}}{"C66811":{"preferredName":"Spongioneuroblastoma","code":"C66811","definitions":[{"description":"A neuroectodermal tumor composed of neoplastic neural elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spongioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spongioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334598"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9504/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spongioneuroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9504/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spongioneuroblastoma"}]}}{"C3788":{"preferredName":"Ganglioglioma","code":"C3788","definitions":[{"description":"A well differentiated, slow growing neuroepithelial neoplasm composed of neoplastic, mature ganglion cells and neoplastic glial cells. Some gangliogliomas show anaplastic features in their glial component and are considered to be WHO grade III. Rare cases of newly diagnosed gangliogliomas with grade IV (glioblastoma) changes in the glial component have also been reported. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ganglioglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Ganglioglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganglioglioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Ganglioglioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206716"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9505/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ganglioglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glioneuroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neuroastrocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9505/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ganglioglioma, NOS"}]}}{"C4717":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Ganglioglioma","code":"C4717","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade III neuroepithelial neoplasm composed of neoplastic, mature ganglion cells and anaplastic glial cells. The anaplastic changes in the glial component and high MIB-1 and TP53 labeling indices may indicate aggressive behavior. However, the correlation of histological anaplasia with clinical outcome is inconsistent. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Ganglioglioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ganglioglioma, anaplastic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0431112"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9505/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anaplastic_Ganglioglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ganglioglioma, anaplastic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9505/3"}]}}{"C3791":{"preferredName":"Central Neurocytoma","code":"C3791","definitions":[{"description":"An intraventricular neuronal neoplasm composed of uniform round cells with neuronal differentiation. It is typically located in the lateral ventricles in the region of the foramen of Monro. It generally affects young adults and has a favorable prognosis. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Central Neurocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Neurocytoma (WHO Grade II)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central neurocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206719"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9506/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neurocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neurocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Central neurocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9506/1"}]}}{"C6905":{"preferredName":"Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma","code":"C6905","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, WHO grade II cerebellar neoplasm which shows consistent neuronal, variable astrocytic and focal lipomatous differentiation. It occurs in adults, has a low proliferative potential and usually has a favorable prognosis. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma (WHO Grade II)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebellar liponeurocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lipomatous Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipomatous medulloblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1370507"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"0000/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cerebellar_Liponeurocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medullocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lipomatous medulloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neurolipocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9506/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cerebellar liponeurocytoma"}]}}{"C92555":{"preferredName":"Extraventricular Neurocytoma","code":"C92555","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade II neoplasm that arises from the brain parenchyma. Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of neoplastic uniform, round cells with neuronal differentiation. Unlike central neurocytoma, it does not involve the lateral ventricles. It usually affects young adults and has a favorable prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extraventricular Neurocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extraventricular Neurocytoma (WHO Grade II)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extraventricular neurocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2985175"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9506/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Extraventricular neurocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9506/1"}]}}{"C4328":{"preferredName":"Pacinian Neurofibroma","code":"C4328","definitions":[{"description":"A neurofibroma characterized by the presence of structures which resemble Vater-Pacini corpuscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pacinian Neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pacinian tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334599"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9507/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pacinian_Neurofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pacinian tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9507/0"}]}}{"C6906":{"preferredName":"Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor","code":"C6906","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive malignant embryonal neoplasm arising from the central nervous system. It is composed of cells with a large eccentric nucleus, prominent nucleolus, and abundant cytoplasm. Mutations of the INI1 gene or very rarely SMARCA4 (BRG1) gene are present. The vast majority of cases occur in childhood. Symptoms include lethargy, vomiting, cranial nerve palsy, headache, and hemiplegia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AT/RT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AT/RT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ATT/RHT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor (WHO Grade IV)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CNS Rhabdoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Rhabdoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Rhabdoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Brain Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Rhabdoid Neoplasm of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Rhabdoid Neoplasm of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Malignant Brain Rhabdoid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Malignant Brain Rhabdoid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Malignant Rhabdoid Neoplasm of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Malignant Rhabdoid Neoplasm of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Neoplasm of CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Neoplasm of Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Neoplasm of the CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Neoplasm of the Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Tumor of the Central Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266184"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9508/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Teratoid_Rhabdoid_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9508/3"}]}}{"C92554":{"preferredName":"Papillary Glioneuronal Tumor","code":"C92554","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I, indolent and relatively circumscribed brain tumor. Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of astrocytes that line vascular and hyalinized pseudopapillae. In between the pseudopapillae aggregates of neurocytes, large neurons, and ganglioid cells are present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Glioneuronal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Glioneuronal Tumor (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary glioneuronal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2985174"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9509/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary glioneuronal tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9509/1"}]}}{"C129431":{"preferredName":"Rosette-Forming Glioneuronal Tumor","code":"C129431","definitions":[{"description":"A central nervous system neoplasm mostly occurring in the fourth ventricle region. It is characterized by the presence of neurocytes forming pseudorosettes and astrocytes which contain Rosenthal fibers. Cytologic atypia is minimal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RGNT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rosette-Forming Glioneuronal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL497922"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9509/1"}]}}{"C66812":{"preferredName":"Retinocytoma","code":"C66812","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, unilateral or bilateral benign neoplasm that arises from the retina. There is an increased risk of malignant transformation to retinoblastoma; therefore, patients with a diagnosis of retinocytoma should be closely observed.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Retinocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346396"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9510/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retinocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9510/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinocytoma"}]}}{"C7541":{"preferredName":"Retinoblastoma","code":"C7541","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm originating in the nuclear layer of the retina.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant tumor that originates in the nuclear layer of the retina. As the most common primary tumor of the eye in children, retinoblastoma is still relatively uncommon, accounting for only 1% of all malignant tumors in pediatric patients. Approximately 95% of cases are diagnosed before age 5. These tumors may be multifocal, bilateral, congenital, inherited, or acquired. Seventy-five percent of retinoblastomas are unilateral; 60% occur sporadically. A predisposition to retinoblastoma has been associated with 13q14 cytogenetic abnormalities. Patients with the inherited form also appear to be at increased risk for secondary nonocular malignancies such as osteosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and fibrosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Cancer that forms in the tissues of the retina (the light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of the eye). Retinoblastoma usually occurs in children younger than 5 years. It may be hereditary or nonhereditary (sporadic).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant tumor that originates in the nuclear layer of the retina. As the most common primary tumor of the eye in children, retinoblastoma is still relatively uncommon, accounting for only 1% of all malignant tumors in pediatric patients. Approximately 95% of cases are diagnosed before age 5. These tumors may be multifocal, bilateral, congenital, inherited, or acquired. Seventy-five percent of retinoblastomas are unilateral; 60% occur sporadically. A predisposition to retinoblastoma has been associated with 13q14 cytogenetic abnormalities. Patients with the inherited form also appear to be at increased risk for secondary nonocular malignancies such as osteosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and fibrosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RETINOBLASTOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Retinoblastoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0035335"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9510/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retinoblastoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Retinoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9510/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinoblastoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinoblastoma"}]}}{"C66813":{"preferredName":"Differentiated Retinoblastoma","code":"C66813","definitions":[{"description":"A retinoblastoma with well differentiated features. It often produces Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes or Homer-Wright rosettes. In some cases the tumor cells form fleurettes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Differentiated Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retinoblastoma, differentiated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334600"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9511/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Differentiated_Retinoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinoblastoma, differentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9511/3"}]}}{"C66814":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Retinoblastoma","code":"C66814","definitions":[{"description":"A retinoblastoma composed of small, undifferentiated cells. It is often associated with necrotic changes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinoblastoma, undifferentiated","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334601"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9512/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Undifferentiated_Retinoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinoblastoma, undifferentiated"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9512/3"}]}}{"C66815":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Retinoblastoma","code":"C66815","definitions":[{"description":"A retinoblastoma characterized by the absence of a distinct retinal mass and the presence of malignant cells diffusely infiltrating the retina. It is often confused with uveitis and endophthalmitis, resulting in delayed diagnosis of the malignancy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266185"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9513/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diffuse_Retinoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinoblastoma, diffuse"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9513/3"}]}}{"C66816":{"preferredName":"Spontaneously Regressed Retinoblastoma","code":"C66816","definitions":[{"description":"An archaic term that refers to benign, non-progressive retinal lesions in patients with mutation of the RB1 gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retinoblastoma, spontaneously regressed","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Spontaneously Regressed Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spontaneously Regressing Retinoblastoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266186"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9514/1"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spontaneously_Regressing_Retinoblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retinoblastoma, spontaneously regressed"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9514/1"}]}}{"C67155":{"preferredName":"Olfactory Neurogenic Tumor","code":"C67155","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, benign (olfactory neurocytoma) or malignant (olfactory neuroblastoma) neuroectodermal tumor originating from olfactory receptor cells in the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Olfactory Neurogenic Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olfactory neurogenic tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334602"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9520/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Olfactory_Neurogenic_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Olfactory neurogenic tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9520/3"}]}}{"C67156":{"preferredName":"Olfactory Neurocytoma","code":"C67156","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign neuroectodermal tumor originating from olfactory receptor cells in the nasal cavity. Microscopically, it is characterized by the absence of malignant characteristics and the absence of rosettes formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Olfactory Neurocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olfactory neurocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL031140"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9521/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Olfactory_Neurocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Olfactory neurocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9521/3"}]}}{"C3789":{"preferredName":"Olfactory Neuroblastoma","code":"C3789","definitions":[{"description":"A rare neuroectodermal tumor originating from olfactory receptor cells in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. Microscopically, it is characterized by neuroblastic differentiation with occasional formation of rosettes. If the tumor is not resected at an early stage, the prognosis is usually poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Esthesioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Esthesioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Esthesioneuroepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Esthesioneuroepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olfactory Esthesioneuroblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olfactory Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Olfactory Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Olfactory Neuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olfactory Neuroepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olfactory neuroblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Olfactory neuroepithelioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206717"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9523/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9522/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Olfactory_Neuroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Olfactory neuroblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Esthesioneuroepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Olfactory neuroepithelioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9523/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9522/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Esthesioneuroblastoma"}]}}{"C4720":{"preferredName":"Lymphoplasmacyte-Rich Meningioma","code":"C4720","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of prominent chronic inflammatory infiltrates that predominate over the meningioma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacyte-Rich Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0431119"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphoplasmacyte-Rich_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9530/0"}]}}{"C6907":{"preferredName":"Metaplastic Meningioma","code":"C6907","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of a prominent mesenchymal component. The mesenchymal component may be osseous, cartilaginous, myxoid, lipomatous, or a mixture of mesenchymal elements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Metaplastic Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metaplastic meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1384407"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Metaplastic_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Metaplastic meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9530/0"}]}}{"C4721":{"preferredName":"Microcystic Meningioma","code":"C4721","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of intercellular microcystic spaces that contain mucinous fluid.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Microcystic Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microcystic meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1384408"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Microcystic_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Microcystic meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9530/0"}]}}{"C4718":{"preferredName":"Secretory Meningioma","code":"C4718","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of epithelial differentiation and numerous intracellular PAS positive bodies that are rich in glycogen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Secretory Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secretory meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1384406"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Secretory_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Secretory meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9530/0"}]}}{"C3707":{"preferredName":"Meningiomatosis","code":"C3707","definitions":[{"description":"The presence of multiple meningiomas in the leptomeninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Meningiomas, Multiple","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningiomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningiomatosis, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Multiple meningiomas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205834"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9530/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Meningiomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meningiomatosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Multiple meningiomas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9530/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse meningiomatosis"}]}}{"C4051":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic (Malignant) Meningioma","code":"C4051","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, fast-growing tumor that forms in one of the inner layers of the meninges (thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord). Malignant meningioma often spreads to other areas of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A WHO grade III meningioma characterized by the presence of malignant morphologic features, including malignant cytology and a very high mitotic index (20 or more mitoses per ten high power fields).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic (Malignant) Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic (Malignant) Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningioma, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningioma, anaplastic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Meningioma, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"malignant meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0259785"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9530/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anaplastic_Malignant_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meningioma, anaplastic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meningioma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9530/3"}]}}{"C8312":{"preferredName":"Leptomeningeal Sarcoma","code":"C8312","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the leptomeninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sarcoma arising from the leptomeninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leptomeningeal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leptomeningeal sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"SARCOMA, LEPTOMENINGEAL, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of Leptomeninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of Leptomeninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of the Leptomeninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of the Leptomeninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma, Meningeal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1384416"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leptomeningeal_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leptomeningeal sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9530/3"}]}}{"C4073":{"preferredName":"Meningeal Sarcoma","code":"C4073","definitions":[{"description":"A rare sarcoma arising from the meninges.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Meningeal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningeal sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Meninges Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of Meninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcoma of the Meninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0302327"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Meningeal_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meningeal sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meningothelial sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9530/3"}]}}{"C4329":{"preferredName":"Meningothelial Meningioma","code":"C4329","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of tumor cells that form lobules. The tumor cells are generally uniform. Whorls and psammoma bodies are usually not present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Meningothelial Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningothelial meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Meningotheliomatous Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334605"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9531/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Meningothelial_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meningothelial meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Syncytial meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9531/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endotheliomatous meningioma"}]}}{"C4330":{"preferredName":"Fibrous Meningioma","code":"C4330","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of spindle cells that form bundles in a collagen 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cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Psammomatous Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Psammomatous meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334607"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9533/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Psammomatous_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Psammomatous meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9533/0"}]}}{"C4332":{"preferredName":"Angiomatous Meningioma","code":"C4332","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of small and medium sized vessels that predominate over the meningioma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiomatous Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiomatous meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334608"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9534/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Angiomatous_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiomatous meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9534/0"}]}}{"C66817":{"preferredName":"Hemangioblastic Meningioma","code":"C66817","definitions":[{"description":"An obsolete term referring to hemangiopericytoma of the central nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hemangioblastic Meningioma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemangioblastic meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334609"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9535/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hemangioblastic_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemangioblastic meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9535/0"}]}}{"C4333":{"preferredName":"Transitional Meningioma","code":"C4333","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the coexistence of meningothelial cells and fibrous architectural patterns.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Transitional (Mixed) Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transitional meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334611"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9537/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Transitional_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transitional meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9537/0"}]}}{"C4722":{"preferredName":"Clear Cell Meningioma","code":"C4722","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade II morphologic variant of meningioma characterized by the presence of clear glycogen-rich polygonal cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear Cell Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear Cell Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Clear cell meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0431121"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9538/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Clear_Cell_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9538/1"}]}}{"C6908":{"preferredName":"Chordoid Meningioma","code":"C6908","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade II, usually recurring meningioma characterized by the predominance of tissues that are histologically similar to chordoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chordoid Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chordoid Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Chordoid meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1370510"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chordoid_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chordoid meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9538/1"}]}}{"C3904":{"preferredName":"Papillary Meningioma","code":"C3904","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade III meningioma characterized by the predominance of a perivascular pseudopapillary pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Papillary Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Papillary meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3163622"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9538/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Papillary_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Papillary meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9538/3"}]}}{"C6909":{"preferredName":"Rhabdoid Meningioma","code":"C6909","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade III meningioma characterized by the predominant presence of rhabdoid cells forming sheets.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rhabdoid Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Rhabdoid meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0259786"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rhabdoid_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rhabdoid meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9538/3"}]}}{"C4723":{"preferredName":"Atypical Meningioma","code":"C4723","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade II meningioma characterized by the presence of brain invasion and an increased mitotic activity, or at least three of the following morphologic features: small cells, high cellularity, prominent nucleoli, lack of architectural pattern, and necrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Meningioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Atypical meningioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0431122"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9539/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical meningioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9539/1"}]}}{"C4334":{"preferredName":"Meningeal Sarcomatosis","code":"C4334","definitions":[{"description":"A rare condition characterized by diffuse spread of sarcoma cells throughout the meninges. The neoplastic cells are derived from meningeal connective tissue. Clinically, this disorder may present as a fulminant pachymeningitis and/or encephalitis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Meningeal Sarcomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningeal sarcomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Meninges Sarcomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatosis of Meninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatosis of the Meninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334612"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9539/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Meningeal_Sarcomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meningeal sarcomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9539/3"}]}}{"C3272":{"preferredName":"Neurofibroma","code":"C3272","definitions":[{"description":"A benign tumor that develops from the cells and tissues that cover nerves.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An intraneural or extraneural neoplasm arising from nerve tissues and neural sheaths, composed of perineurial-like fibroblasts and Schwann cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An intraneural or extraneural neoplasm arising from nerve tissues and neural sheaths. It is composed of perineurial-like fibroblasts and Schwann cells. It usually presents as a localized cutaneous lesion and less often as a circumscribed peripheral nerve mass. Patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 present with multiple masses. Neurofibromas which arise from major nerves and plexiform neurofibromas are precursor lesions to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NEUROFIBROMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurofibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Neurofibroma (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurofibroma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027830"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9540/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neurofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neurofibroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9540/0"}]}}{"C6727":{"preferredName":"Neurofibromatosis","code":"C6727","definitions":[{"description":"An autosomal dominant hereditary neoplastic syndrome. Two distinct clinicopathological entities are recognized: neurofibromatosis type 1 and neurofibromatosis type 2. Neurofibromatosis type 1 is associated with the presence of cafe-au-lait cutaneous lesions, multiple neurofibromas, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, optic nerve gliomas, and bone lesions. Neurofibromatosis type 2 is associated with the presence of schwannomas, meningiomas, and gliomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0162678"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9540/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neurofibromatosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Neurofibromatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neurofibromatosis (nonmalignant)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neurofibromatosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9540/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Multiple neurofibromatosis"}]}}{"C3273":{"preferredName":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1","code":"C3273","definitions":[{"description":"A rare genetic condition that causes brown spots and tumors on the skin, freckling in skin areas not exposed to the sun, tumors on the nerves, and developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bone, and skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An autosomal dominant form of neurofibromatosis caused by mutation(s) in the NF1 gene, encoding neurofibromin. The clinical features of this condition may include smooth bordered areas of hyperpigmentation, known as cafe-au-lait spots, axillary freckling, Lisch nodules, short stature, cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors (neurofibromas), optic nerve gliomas, precocious puberty, and growth hormone excess.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The most common type of neurofibromatosis. It is characterized clinically by cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors with patches of hyperpigmentation. The hyperpigmented skin areas, are present from birth and found anywhere on the body surface. They can vary markedly in size and color. The dark brown areas are called cafe-au-lait spots. The multiple cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors are nerve sheath tumors, called neurofibromas. They can develop anywhere along the peripheral nerve fibers. Neurofibromas can become quite large, causing a major disfigurement, eroding bone, and compressing various peripheral nerve structures. Type 1 neurofibromatosis has dominant inheritance, with a gene locus on the proximal long arm of chromosome 17.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NF1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NF1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Microdeletion Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Peripheral Neurofibromatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Recklinghausen disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Von Recklinghausen Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Von Recklinghausen Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Von Recklinghausen disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"neurofibromatosis type 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027831"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neurofibromatosis_Type_1"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Recklinghausen disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Von Recklinghausen disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9540/1"}]}}{"C3798":{"preferredName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","code":"C3798","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm, originating from the sheaths of the peripheral nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of soft tissue sarcoma that develops in cells that form a protective sheath (covering) around peripheral nerves, which are nerves that are outside of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An uncommon, highly aggressive malignant tumor, arising from the peripheral nerves and affecting mostly adults in their third to sixth decades of life. It usually occurs in medium-sized and large nerves of the buttock, thigh, upper arm, or the paraspinal region. It may be associated with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MPNST","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MPNST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MPNST, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malig. periph. nerve sheath tum.","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neurilemoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neurilemoma, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neurofibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neurofibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurofibrosarcoma, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neurogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurogenic sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"SCHWANNOMA, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0751690"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9560/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9540/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Peripheral_Nerve_Sheath_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neurilemoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neurilemosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant schwannoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neurogenic sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neurosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neurofibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9560/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"MPNST, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9540/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor"}]}}{"C6561":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","code":"C6561","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor composed predominantly or exclusively of epithelioid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid MPNST","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Epithelioid MPNST","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioid Neoplasm of Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioid Neoplasm of the Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioid Peripheral Nerve Sheath Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioid Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioid Tumor of Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Epithelioid Tumor of the Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1321427"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epithelioid_Malignant_Peripheral_Nerve_Sheath_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9542/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, epithelioid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid MPNST"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9540/3"}]}}{"C4748":{"preferredName":"Malignant Melanotic Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","code":"C4748","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells that contain melanin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Melanocytic Neoplasm of Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanocytic Neoplasm of the Peripheral Nerve Sheath","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanocytic Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanotic Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Melanotic Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Melanocytic MPNST","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic MPNST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0474847"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Melanocytic_Peripheral_Nerve_Sheath_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9540/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanotic MPNST"}]}}{"C66841":{"preferredName":"Melanotic Neurofibroma","code":"C66841","definitions":[{"description":"A rare neurofibroma characterized by the presence of melanin-laden cells and the absence of atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Melanotic Neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pigmented Neurofibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL497402"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9541/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Melanotic_Neurofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanotic neurofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9541/0"}]}}{"C3797":{"preferredName":"Plexiform Neurofibroma","code":"C3797","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve that has become thick and misshapen due to the abnormal growth of cells and tissues that cover the nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An elongated and multinodular neurofibroma, formed when the tumor involves either multiple trunks of a plexus or multiple fascicles of a large nerve, such as the sciatic. Some plexiform neurofibromas resemble a bag of worms, others produce a massive ropy enlargement of the nerve. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Plexiform Neurofibroma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plexiform Neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexiform Neurofibroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Plexiform neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Plexiform neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"plexiform neurofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206728"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9550/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Plexiform_Neurofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plexiform neurofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plexiform neuroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9550/0"}]}}{"C3269":{"preferredName":"Schwannoma","code":"C3269","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm of the peripheral nervous system composed of well-differentiated Schwann cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tumor of the peripheral nervous system that arises in the nerve sheath (protective covering). It is almost always benign, but rare malignant schwannomas have been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign, usually encapsulated slow growing tumor composed of Schwann cells. It affects peripheral and cranial nerves. It recurs infrequently and only rare cases associated with malignant transformation have been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Benign Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Neurinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"SCHWANNOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Schwannoma (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schwannoma (Who Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Schwannoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027809"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9560/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Schwannoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Psammomatous schwannoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neurinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Schwannoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9560/0"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neurilemoma, NOS"}]}}{"C3276":{"preferredName":"Vestibular Schwannoma","code":"C3276","definitions":[{"description":"A benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor arising within the internal auditory canal or within the labyrinth. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acoustic Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acoustic Neuroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acoustic Schwannoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acoustic Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acoustic neuroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neurilemoma, Acoustic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroma, Acoustic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vestibular Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vestibular Schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027859"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acoustic_Schwannoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acoustic neuroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9560/0"}]}}{"C6556":{"preferredName":"Degenerated Schwannoma","code":"C6556","definitions":[{"description":"A schwannoma that is characterized by degenerative changes such as hyalinization, hemorrhage, calcification and cystic change.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ancient Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ancient Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ancient schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Degenerated Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Degenerated Schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Degenerated schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1536561"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Degenerated_Schwannoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ancient schwannoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Degenerated schwannoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9560/0"}]}}{"C4724":{"preferredName":"Cellular Schwannoma","code":"C4724","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of schwannoma characterized by hypercellularity, Antoni A pattern, and the absence of well-formed Verocay bodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cellular Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular Neurinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular Schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cellular Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Cellular schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0431124"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cellular_Schwannoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cellular schwannoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9560/0"}]}}{"C6970":{"preferredName":"Melanotic Schwannoma","code":"C6970","definitions":[{"description":"A rare circumscribed, non-encapsulated and grossly pigmented nerve sheath tumor. It is composed of cells with the immunophenotypic and electron microscopic features of Schwann cells which contain melanosomes and are positive for melanoma markers. It usually involves spinal nerve roots but may occur in other locations. It may be associated with PRKAR1A gene mutation and Carney complex. Malignant behavior has been reported in a significant number of patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Melanocytic Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytic Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Neurinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Melanotic schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pigmented Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pigmented schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1306247"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Melanocytic_Schwannoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanotic schwannoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pigmented schwannoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9560/0"}]}}{"C6969":{"preferredName":"Plexiform Schwannoma","code":"C6969","definitions":[{"description":"A schwannoma characterized by a plexiform or multinodular growth pattern. It usually arises from the skin or subcutaneous tissues in the extremities, trunk, and head and neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Plexiform Neurilemmoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexiform Neurinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexiform Schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plexiform Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Plexiform schwannoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1370659"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Plexiform_Schwannoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plexiform schwannoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9560/0"}]}}{"C6557":{"preferredName":"Schwannomatosis","code":"C6557","definitions":[{"description":"A rare genetic disorder characterized by the presence of multiple schwannomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neurilemmomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurinomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neurinomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Schwannomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CCPS"},{"termName":"Schwannomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Schwannomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Schwannomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1335929"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CCPS"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9560/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Schwannomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9560/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neurinomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Schwannomatosis"}]}}{"C4335":{"preferredName":"Malignant Triton Tumor","code":"C4335","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor which shows rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation. More than half of the patients have neurofibromatosis type 1. The prognosis is usually poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MPNST with Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of Peripheral Nerve Sheath with Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Neoplasm of the Peripheral Nerve Sheath with Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Neoplasm with Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor with Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Triton Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of Peripheral Nerve Sheath with Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Tumor of the Peripheral Nerve Sheath with Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Triton tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334616"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9561/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Triton_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant schwannoma with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Triton tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9561/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"MPNST with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation"}]}}{"C7018":{"preferredName":"Nerve Sheath Myxoma","code":"C7018","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm arising from nerve sheaths. It is characterized by the presence of a myxoid stroma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nerve Sheath Myxoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nerve sheath myxoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neurothekeoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neurothekeoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206730"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9562/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neurothekeoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neurothekeoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nerve sheath myxoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9562/0"}]}}{"C3275":{"preferredName":"Neuroma","code":"C3275","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor that arises in nerve cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tumor that grows from a nerve or is composed of nerve cells and nerve fibers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neuroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neuroma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"neuroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027858"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9570/0"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Neuroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Neuroma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9570/0"}]}}{"C4973":{"preferredName":"Perineurioma","code":"C4973","definitions":[{"description":"A rare benign tumor composed entirely of neoplastic perineurial cells. It may occur in the soft tissues, intraneurally or in mucosal sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Perineurioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perineurioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0751691"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9571/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Perineurioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Perineurioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9571/0"}]}}{"C6911":{"preferredName":"Intraneural Perineurioma","code":"C6911","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade I perineurioma that arises within the endoneurium. It is characterized by the formation of pseudo-onion bulbs by the proliferating perineural cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intraneural Perineurioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraneural Perineurioma (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraneural perineurioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1370658"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intraneural_Perineurioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraneural perineurioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9571/0"}]}}{"C6912":{"preferredName":"Soft Tissue Perineurioma","code":"C6912","definitions":[{"description":"A perineurioma not associated with a nerve, arising from the soft tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Soft Tissue Perineurioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soft Tissue Perineurioma (WHO Grades I, II, or III)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Soft tissue perineurioma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1370657"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Soft_Tissue_Perineurioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Soft tissue perineurioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9571/0"}]}}{"C66845":{"preferredName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor with Perineurial Differentiation","code":"C66845","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare malignant tumor with morphologic features similar to those of benign perineurioma of soft tissue along with hypercellularity, nuclear atypia, hyperchromasia, and a high mitotic rate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Perineurioma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor with Perineurial Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perineural MPNST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Perineurial Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perineurioma, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266188"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9571/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Peripheral_Nerve_Sheath_Tumor_with_Perineurial_Differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Perineural MPNST"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Perineurioma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9571/3"}]}}{"C3474":{"preferredName":"Granular Cell Tumor","code":"C3474","definitions":[{"description":"An unusual benign or malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic large polygonal cells with granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm which contains abundant lysosomes. It was originally thought to be a tumor originating from muscle cells and was named granular cell myoblastoma. Subsequent studies have suggested a derivation from Schwann cells. It affects females more often than males and it usually presents as a solitary mass. A minority of patients have multiple tumors. It can arise from many anatomic sites including the posterior pituitary gland, skin, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, heart, mediastinum, and breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abrikossoff Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abrikossoff's Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Myoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Schwannoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular cell tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085167"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9580/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Granular_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granular cell myoblastoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granular cell tumor, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9580/0"}]}}{"C4336":{"preferredName":"Malignant Granular Cell Tumor","code":"C4336","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm, comprised of large cells with cytoplasmatic granules, occurring in various organs/tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An uncommon granular cell tumor which may metastasize to other anatomic sites. Morphologic characteristics include the presence of spindling neoplastic cells, necrosis, extensive pleomorphism, prominent nucleoli, and increased mitiotic activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GRANULAR CELL TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Granular cell myoblastoma, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Granular cell tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Granular Cell Myoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Granular Cell Myoblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Granular Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Granular Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Granular Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myoblastoma, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334618"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9580/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Granular_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granular cell myoblastoma, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granular cell tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9580/3"}]}}{"C3750":{"preferredName":"Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma","code":"C3750","definitions":[{"description":"A soft tissue tumor that is most common in older children and teenagers. It begins in the soft supporting tissue that connects and surrounds the organs and other tissues. Alveolar soft part sarcoma usually occurs in the legs, but can also occur in the arms, hands, head, or neck. It can cause the growth of new blood vessels that help the tumor grow and spread.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of large epithelioid cells with abundant cytoplasm forming nests and pseudoalveolar structures. The groups of the epithelioid cells are separated by thin-walled sinusoidal spaces. It occurs most often in adolescents and young adults. In adults the most common sites of involvement are the extremities, and in infants and children, the head and neck. It usually presents as a slowly growing mass and it frequently metastasizes to other anatomic sites. The most common sites of metastasis are the lungs, bone, and brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASPS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ASPS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alveolar soft part sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Alveolar soft part sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Alveolar soft-part sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"alveolar soft part sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206657"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9581/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alveolar_Soft_Part_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Alveolar soft part sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9581/3"}]}}{"C9301":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Lymphoma","code":"C9301","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer that forms in the lymph tissue of the brain, spinal cord, meninges (outer covering of the brain), or eye (called ocular lymphoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma that arises in the brain or spinal cord as a primary lesion. There is no evidence of lymphoma outside the central nervous system at the time of diagnosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymphomas of CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Lymphomas of the CNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCNSL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Primary CNS Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary CNS lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"primary CNS lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"primary central nervous system lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280803"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Central_Nervous_System_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Microglioma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary central nervous system lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9590/3"}]}}{"C3211":{"preferredName":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C3211","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the lymphatic system that is comprised of abnormal lymphocytes in the absence of Reed-Sternberg cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Any of a large group of cancers of lymphocytes (white blood cells). NHLs can occur at any age and are often marked by lymph nodes that are larger than normal, fever, and weight loss. There are many different types of NHL. These types can be divided into aggressive (fast-growing) and indolent (slow-growing) types, and they can be formed from either B-cells or T-cells. B-cell NHLs include Burkitt lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, immunoblastic large cell lymphoma, precursor B-lymphoblastic lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma. T-cell NHLs include mycosis fungoides, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma. Lymphomas that occur after bone marrow or stem cell transplantation are usually B-cell NHLs. Prognosis and treatment depend on the stage and type of disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Distinct from Hodgkin lymphoma both morphologically and biologically, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is characterized by the absence of Reed-Sternberg cells, can occur at any age, and usually presents as a localized or generalized lymphadenopathy associated with fever and weight loss. The clinical course varies according to the morphologic type. NHL is clinically classified as indolent, aggressive, or having a variable clinical course. NHL can be of B-or T-/NK-cell lineage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NHL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NHL, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"non-Hodgkin lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024305"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9591/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Non-Hodgkin_s_Lymphoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, intra-abdominal lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, intrathoracic lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, lymph nodes of inguinal region and lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other and unspecified types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other named variants of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other named variants of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reticulosarcoma involving lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reticulosarcoma involving lymph nodes of inguinal region and lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reticulosarcoma involving lymph nodes of axilla and upper limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reticulosarcoma, unspecified site, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reticulosarcoma involving lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reticulosarcoma involving intrathoracic lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reticulosarcoma involving intra-abdominal lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large cell lymphoma involving intrathoracic lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large cell lymphoma involving lymph nodes of inguinal region and lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large cell lymphoma involving intra-abdominal lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large cell lymphoma, unspecified site, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large cell lymphoma involving lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9591/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reticulosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, non-Hodgkin, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, unspecified, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, unspecified, lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphosarcoma involving intrathoracic lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma and other specified malignant tumors of lymphatic tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphosarcoma, unspecified site, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphosarcoma involving lymph nodes of multiple sites"}]}}{"C26919":{"preferredName":"Lymphosarcoma","code":"C26919","definitions":[{"description":"An obsolete term for a malignant tumor of lymphatic tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antiquated term that refers to a non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of small and medium sized lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphosarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphosarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"lymphosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3714542"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphosarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphosarcoma, diffuse"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9591/3"}]}}{"C27824":{"preferredName":"Reticulosarcoma","code":"C27824","definitions":[{"description":"An antiquated term that refers to a non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of diffuse infiltrates of large, often anaplastic lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Reticulosarcoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reticulosarcoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024302"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Reticulosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reticulosarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Reticulum cell sarcoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9591/3"}]}}{"C7401":{"preferredName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia Variant","code":"C7401","definitions":[{"description":"An indolent chronic B-cell leukemia resembling classic hairy cell leukemia but shows variant cytologic, hematologic, and immunophenotypic features and is resistant to the conventional therapy applied to hairy cell leukemia. Biologically, it is not related to hairy cell leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HCL-V","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hairy cell leukaemia variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hairy cell leukemia variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Prolymphocytic Variant of Hairy Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0349633"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9591/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hairy_Cell_Leukemia_Variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hairy cell leukaemia variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hairy cell leukemia variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9591/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9940/3"}]}}{"C27822":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Malignant Lymphoma","code":"C27822","definitions":[{"description":"An antiquated term referring to non-Hodgkin lymphomas with a diffuse architectural pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Malignant Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334620"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diffuse_Malignant_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, diffuse, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9591/3"}]}}{"C27258":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Non-Cleaved Cell Type","code":"C27258","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Non-Cleaved Cell Type","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518190"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Lymphoma_Non-Cleaved_Cell_Type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, non-cleaved cell, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9591/3"}]}}{"C80308":{"preferredName":"Splenic B-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia, Unclassifiable","code":"C80308","definitions":[{"description":"A small B-cell clonal lymphoproliferative disorder of the spleen that does not fall into any of the other categories of mature B-cell neoplasms.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Splenic B-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia, unclassifiable","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699507"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9591/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Splenic_B-Cell_Lymphoma_Leukemia_Unclassifiable"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Splenic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia, unclassifiable"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9591/3"}]}}{"C80309":{"preferredName":"Splenic Diffuse Red Pulp Small B-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C80309","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon, indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of small B-lymphocytes involving the red pulp of the spleen, bone marrow, and peripheral blood. Patients often have massive splenomegaly. The peripheral blood examination reveals villous lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Splenic Diffuse Red Pulp Small B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic diffuse red pulp small B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699508"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9591/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Splenic_Diffuse_Red_Pulp_Small_B-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Splenic diffuse red pulp small B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9591/3"}]}}{"C38661":{"preferredName":"Composite Lymphoma","code":"C38661","definitions":[{"description":"A rare form of lymphoma (cancer that begins in cells of the immune system) in which different types of lymphoma cells occur at the same time. The different lymphoma cells may form in the same tissue or organ or in many different tissues or organs. The composite lymphoma may contain different types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells or both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Coexistence of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the same anatomic site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Composite Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Composite Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Composite Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Composite Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"composite lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0545080"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9596/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Composite_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Composite Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9596/3"}]}}{"C37869":{"preferredName":"B-Cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, with Features Intermediate between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C37869","definitions":[{"description":"A group of lymphomas displaying molecular, morphologic, immunophenotypic, and clinical overlap between classic Hodgkin lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. This term particularly applies to mediastinal lymphomas with overlapping features of mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma and classic Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, with Features Intermediate between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, with Features Intermediate between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, with Features Intermediate between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, with Features Intermediate between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gray Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin-Like Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Hodgkin Features","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1333878"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9596/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gray_Zone_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9596/3"}]}}{"C7217":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous Follicle Center Lymphoma","code":"C7217","definitions":[{"description":"A primary lymphoma of the skin composed of various numbers of small and large irregular neoplastic follicle center cells. Its morphologic pattern can be nodular, diffuse, or nodular and diffuse. It presents with solitary or grouped plaques and tumors, and it usually involves the scalp, forehead, or trunk. It rarely involves the legs. This type of cutaneous lymphoma tends to remain localized to the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Crosti's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous Follicle Center Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous Follicle Centre Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCFCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Follicle Center Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Reticulohistiocytoma of the Dorsum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1333171"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9597/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cutaneous_Follicle_Center_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary cutaneous follicle centre lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9597/3"}]}}{"C6913":{"preferredName":"Lymphocyte-Rich Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C6913","definitions":[{"description":"A subtype of classic Hodgkin lymphoma with scattered Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells and a nodular or less often diffuse cellular background consisting of small lymphocytes and with an absence of neutrophils and eosinophils. (WHO, 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte-rich","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte-rich","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"LRCHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Rich Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Rich Classical Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Rich Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Rich Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Rich Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Rich Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Rich Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Rich Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Rich Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Rich Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Rich Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Rich Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266194"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9651/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphocyte_Rich_Classical_Hodgkin_s_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin lymphoma, lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte-rich"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin lymphoma, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin lymphoma, lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte-rich"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9651/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin disease, lymphocyte predominance, diffuse"}]}}{"C8590":{"preferredName":"Lymphocyte Predominant Type Hodgkin's Disease","code":"C8590","definitions":[{"description":"An antiquated term that refers either to nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma or to lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphocyte Predominant Type Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0852444"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphocyte_Predominant_Type_Hodgkin_s_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin disease, lymphocyte predominance, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin disease, lymphocytic-histiocytic predominance"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9651/3"}]}}{"C3517":{"preferredName":"Mixed Cellularity Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C3517","definitions":[{"description":"A subtype of classic Hodgkin lymphoma with scattered Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin cells in a diffuse or vaguely nodular mixed inflammatory background without nodular sclerosing fibrosis. (WHO, 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease Mixed Cellularity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Lymphoma Mixed Cellularity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCCHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cellularity Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mixed Cellularity Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cellularity Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mixed Cellularity Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cellularity Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mixed Cellularity Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cellularity Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Cellularity Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0152266"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9652/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Cellularity_Hodgkin_s_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed cellularity classical Hodgkin lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed cellularity classical Hodgkin lymphoma, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, mixed cellularity, involving lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed cellularity classical Hodgkin lymphoma, lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed cellularity classical Hodgkin lymphoma, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed cellularity classical Hodgkin lymphoma, lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, mixed cellularity, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, mixed cellularity, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9652/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, mixed cellularity, involving lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, mixed cellularity"}]}}{"C9283":{"preferredName":"Lymphocyte-Depleted Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C9283","definitions":[{"description":"A diffuse subtype of classic Hodgkin lymphoma which is rich in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells and/or depleted in non-neoplastic lymphocytes. (WHO, 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte depletion, diffuse fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin Lymphoma Lymphocyte Depleted","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte depletion, diffuse fibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte depletion, reticular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease Lymphocyte Depletion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Lymphoma Lymphocyte Depleted","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDCHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LDHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Depleted Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Depleted Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Depleted Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Depleted Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Depleted Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte Depleted Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Depleted Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Depleted Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Depleted Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Depleted Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Depleted Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphocyte-Depleted Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0152267"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9653/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9662/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphocyte_Depleted_Hodgkin_s_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's sarcoma involving intra-abdominal lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte depletion, reticular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, lymphocytic depletion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphocyte depleted classical Hodgkin lymphoma, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte depletion, diffuse fibrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphocyte depleted classical Hodgkin lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9655/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9653/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9654/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte depletion, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte depletion, diffuse fibrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte depletion, NOS"}]}}{"C7258":{"preferredName":"Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C7258","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of Hodgkin lymphoma, which is a cancer of the immune system. It is marked by the presence of a type of cell called a popcorn cell, which is different from the typical Reed-Sternberg cell found in classical Hodgkin lymphoma. This type of Hodgkin lymphoma may change into diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A monoclonal B-cell neoplasm characterized by a nodular, or a nodular and diffuse proliferation of scattered large neoplastic cells known as popcorn or lymphocyte predominant cells (LP cells)- formerly called L&H cells for lymphocytic and/or histiocytic Reed-Sternberg cell variants. The LP cells lack CD15 and CD30 in nearly all instances. Patients are predominantly male, frequently in the 30-50 year age group. Most patients present with limited stage disease (localized peripheral lymphadenopathy, stage I or II). (WHO 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma nodular LP, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma nodular lymphocyte predominant type, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte predominance, nodular","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular lymphocyte predominance","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"NLPHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NLPHL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334968"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9659/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nodular_Lymphocyte_Predominant_Hodgkin_s_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, lymph nodes of axilla and upper limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, lymphocytic-histiocytic predominance involving lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, lymphocytic-histiocytic predominance, unspecified site, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, lymph nodes of inguinal region and lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular lymphocyte predominance"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular lymphocyte predominant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9659/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte predominance, nodular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, lymphocytic-histiocytic predominance involving lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, lymphocytic-histiocytic predominance involving lymph nodes of inguinal region and lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, lymphocytic-histiocytic predominance"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, lymphocytic-histiocytic predominance involving lymph nodes of axilla and upper limb"}]}}{"C26956":{"preferredName":"Hodgkin's Paragranuloma","code":"C26956","definitions":[{"description":"An obsolete term that includes cases currently classified as nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin paragranuloma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Paragranuloma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkins Paragranuloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2239290"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hodgkin_s_Paragranuloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's paragranuloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin paragranuloma, nodular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's paragranuloma, unspecified site, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9659/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin paragranuloma, NOS"}]}}{"C6914":{"preferredName":"Hodgkin's Granuloma","code":"C6914","definitions":[{"description":"An obsolete term that refers to cases of Hodgkin lymphoma excluding cases that were classified as Hodgkin's paragranuloma and Hodgkin's sarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin Granuloma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Granuloma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334626"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9661/3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hodgkin_s_Granuloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin granuloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's granuloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9661/3"}]}}{"C3518":{"preferredName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C3518","definitions":[{"description":"A subtype of classic Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by collagen bands that surround at least one nodule, and Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells with lacunar type morphology. (WHO, 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin disease, nodular sclerosis, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Nodular Sclerosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSCHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSHD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NSHL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0152268"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9663/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nodular_Sclerosis_Hodgkin_s_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, nodular sclerosis, unspecified site, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin lymphoma, intrathoracic lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, nodular sclerosis, involving lymph nodes of inguinal region and lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, nodular sclerosis, involving lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin lymphoma, lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin lymphoma, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin lymphoma, lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin lymphoma, lymph nodes of inguinal region and lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin disease, nodular sclerosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9663/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, nodular sclerosis, involving lymph nodes of axilla and upper limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, nodular sclerosis, involving lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, nodular sclerosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin's disease, nodular sclerosis, involving intrathoracic lymph nodes"}]}}{"C67171":{"preferredName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma, Cellular Phase","code":"C67171","definitions":[{"description":"A nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by the presence of lacunar cells, nodular growth, and the absence of fibrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, cellular phase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, cellular phase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease Nodular Sclerosis, Cellular Phase","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma, Cellular Phase","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma, Cellular Phase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma, Cellular Phase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334627"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9664/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hodgkin_s_Disease_Nodular_Sclerosis_Cellular_Phase"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, cellular phase"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, cellular phase"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9664/3"}]}}{"C7165":{"preferredName":"Grade 1 Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C7165","definitions":[{"description":"Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma in which at least 75% of the tumor nodules contain scattered Reed-Sternberg cells. The background cellular infiltrate is lymphocytic, mixed, or fibrohistiocytic.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade 1 Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade I Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1521899"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9665/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Grade_1_Nodular_Sclerosis_Hodgkin_s_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, grade 1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma,nodular sclerosis, grade 1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9665/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, grade 1"}]}}{"C27270":{"preferredName":"Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Lymphocyte Predominance","code":"C27270","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Lymphocyte Predominance","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1264183"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hodgkin_s_Disease_Nodular_Sclerosis_Lymphocyte_Predominance"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin disease, nodular sclerosis, lymphocyte predominance"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9665/3"}]}}{"C27098":{"preferredName":"Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Mixed Cellularity","code":"C27098","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Mixed Cellularity","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334629"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hodgkin_s_Disease_Nodular_Sclerosis_Mixed_Cellularity"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin disease, nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9665/3"}]}}{"C7166":{"preferredName":"Grade 2 Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C7166","definitions":[{"description":"Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma in which at least 25% of the tumor nodules contain increased numbers of Reed-Sternberg cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, grade 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, grade 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL448834"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9667/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Grade_2_Nodular_Sclerosis_Hodgkin_s_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, grade 2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, grade 2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9667/3"}]}}{"C27808":{"preferredName":"Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Lymphocyte Depletion","code":"C27808","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin disease, nodular sclerosis, lymphocyte depletion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Lymphocyte Depletion","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334630"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hodgkin_s_Disease_Nodular_Sclerosis_Lymphocyte_Depletion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin disease, nodular sclerosis, lymphocyte depletion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9667/3"}]}}{"C27807":{"preferredName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma, Syncytial Variant","code":"C27807","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hodgkin disease, nodular sclerosis, syncytial variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Syncytial Variant","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma, Syncytial Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma, Syncytial Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma, Syncytial Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL054962"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hodgkin_s_Disease_Nodular_Sclerosis_Syncytial_Variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hodgkin disease, nodular sclerosis, syncytial variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9667/3"}]}}{"C7540":{"preferredName":"Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma","code":"C7540","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of small lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An indolent (slow-growing) type of lymphoma in which too many immature lymphocytes (white blood cells) are found mostly in the lymph nodes. This causes the lymph nodes to become larger than normal. Sometimes cancer cells are found in the blood and bone marrow, and the disease is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The disease is most often seen in people older than 50 years. SLL is a type of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of monomorphic small, round B-lymphocytes in the lymph nodes. When the lymphoid process predominantly involves the bone marrow and the peripheral blood it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Cell Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"B-Cell Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Well Differentiated Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPHOMA, SMALL LYMPHOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma, Lymphocytic, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SLL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"SLL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Small B-Cell Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Small B-Cell Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small lymphocytic lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"small lymphocytic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"well-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0855095"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9670/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Small_Lymphocytic_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, small cell, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, small lymphocytic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, small cell diffuse"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small cell B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small cell B-cell lymphoma, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, small lymphocytic, diffuse"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, lymphocytic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, lymphocytic, diffuse, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9670/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, small B lymphocytic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, lymphocytic, well differentiated, diffuse"}]}}{"C3212":{"preferredName":"Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma","code":"C3212","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of lymphocytes (B-cells), lymphoplasmacytoid cells, and plasma cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A clonal neoplasm of small B-lymphocytes, lymphoplasmacytoid cells, and plasma cells involving the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and the spleen. The majority of patients have a serum IgM paraprotein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunocytoma, Lymphoplasmacytic Type","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunocytoma, Lymphoplasmacytic Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LYMPHOMA, LYMPHOPLASMACYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma, Plasmacytic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacytoid Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoplasmacytoid Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334633"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9761/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9671/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphoplasmacytic_Lymphoma_Waldenstrom_s_Macroglobulinemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, plasmacytoid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, lymphoplasmacytoid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plasmacytic lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9671/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, lymphoplasmacytic"}]}}{"C3898":{"preferredName":"Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","code":"C3898","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer that arises in cells in mucosal tissue that are involved in antibody production.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An indolent, extranodal type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of small B-lymphocytes (centrocyte-like cells). The gastrointestinal tract is the most common site of involvement. Other common sites of involvement include lung, head and neck, ocular adnexae, skin, thyroid, and breast. Gastric involvement is associated with the presence of H. pylori infection. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extranodal Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT-lymphoma)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Immunocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"MALT Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MALT lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MALT lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"MALT-lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"MALToma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0242647"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9699/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Extranodal_Marginal_Zone_B-Cell_Lymphoma_of_Mucosa-Associated_Lymphoid_Tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"MALT lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Immunocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Marginal zone lymphoma, unspecified site, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9699/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9671/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue"}]}}{"C4337":{"preferredName":"Mantle Cell Lymphoma","code":"C4337","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that usually occurs in middle-aged or older adults. It is marked by small- to medium-size cancer cells that may be in the lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, blood, and gastrointestinal system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An aggressive, usually diffuse non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of small to medium sized B-lymphocytes (centrocytes). Most patients present with advanced stage disease with lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and bone marrow involvement. The gastrointestinal tract is the most commonly affected extranodal site by this type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The vast majority of cases express the t(11;14)(q13;q32) resulting in the rearrangement of the BCL-1 gene and the overexpression of cyclin D1 mRNA.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classical Mantle Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mantle Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mantle Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mantle Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Mantle Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mantle Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mantle Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mantle cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Mantle zone lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"mantle cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334634"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9673/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mantle_Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mantle cell lymphoma, lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mantle cell lymphoma, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mantle cell lymphoma, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mantle zone lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mantle cell lymphoma, unspecified site, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, lymphocytic, intermediate differentiation, diffuse"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9673/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mantle cell lymphoma (Includes all variants blastic, pleomorphic, small cell)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mantle cell lymphoma"}]}}{"C4339":{"preferredName":"Multifocal Lymphomatous Polyposis","code":"C4339","definitions":[{"description":"A clinico-pathological entity reflecting the multiple polyps throughout the gastrointestinal tract created as a result of involvement by a non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Typically, mantle cell lymphomas involving the gastrointestinal tract give rise to multifocal lymphomatous polyposis. Importantly, other histologic subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma can also produce this clinico-pathological entity. (WHO, 2000)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Multifocal Lymphomatous Polyposis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Multiple Lymphomatous Polyposis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334638"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Multifocal_Lymphomatous_Polyposis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphomatous polyposis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9673/3"}]}}{"C4338":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Centroblastic-Centrocytic Lymphoma","code":"C4338","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CB/CC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Centroblastic-Centrocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant lymphoma, centroblasticcentrocytic, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334637"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diffuse_Centroblastic-Centrocytic_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, centroblasticcentrocytic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, centroblasticcentrocytic, diffuse"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9675/3"}]}}{"C6915":{"preferredName":"Primary Effusion Lymphoma","code":"C6915","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, aggressive (fast-growing) type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma marked by an abnormal build-up of fluids in a body cavity. It usually occurs together with a human herpesvirus in people who have weakened immune systems, such as in AIDS.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A large B-cell lymphoma usually presenting as a serous effusion without detectable tumor masses. It is universally associated with human herpes virus 8 (HHV8), also called Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. It mostly occurs in the setting of immunodeficiency. The most common sites of involvement are the pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities. Rare HHV8-positive lymphomas indistinguishable from primary effusion lymphomas (PEL) present as solid tumor masses, and have been termed extracavitary PEL. The prognosis is extremely unfavorable. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PEL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Effusion Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Primary Effusion Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Primary Effusion Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Effusion Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Primary effusion lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Primary effusion lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"primary effusion lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1292753"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9678/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Primary_Effusion_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary effusion lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9678/3"}]}}{"C9280":{"preferredName":"Primary Mediastinal (Thymic) Large B-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C9280","definitions":[{"description":"A large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma arising in the mediastinum. Morphologically it is characterized by a massive diffuse lymphocytic proliferation associated with compartmentalizing fibrosis. Response to intensive chemotherapy, with or without radiotherapy, is usually good. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Cell Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma of Mediastinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma of the Mediastinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediastinal (Thymic) Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mediastinal (Thymic) Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mediastinal B-Cell Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediastinal Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma with Sclerosis","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"PMBL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PMLCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Mediastinal (Thymic) Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Primary Mediastinal (Thymic) Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Primary Mediastinal (Thymic) Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Mediastinal Clear Cell Lymphoma of B-Cell Type","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thymic large B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1292754"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9679/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mediastinal_Thymic_Large_B-Cell_Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma, intrathoracic lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thymic large B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9679/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma"}]}}{"C6916":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Lymphoma","code":"C6916","definitions":[{"description":"A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma variant characterized by the presence of large round, oval, or polygonal cells with bizarre pleomorphic nuclei resembling Hodgkin or Reed-Sternberg cells. It is unrelated to anaplastic large cell lymphoma which is a T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic large B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1321546"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anaplastic_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9680/3"}]}}{"C80291":{"preferredName":"High Grade B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C80291","definitions":[{"description":"A high grade B-cell lymphoma with blastoid features or features between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma which lacks MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 rearrangements.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, with Features Intermediate between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Burkitt Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"BCLU","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HGBL, NOS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade B-Cell Lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"High Grade B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"High Grade B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698294"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9680/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"B-Cell_Lymphoma_Unclassifiable_with_Features_Intermediate_between_Diffuse_Large_B-Cell_Lymphoma_and_Burkitt_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9680/3"}]}}{"C80289":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Associated with Chronic Inflammation","code":"C80289","definitions":[{"description":"A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma arising in body cavities or narrow spaces of long standing chronic inflammation. The classic example is the pyothorax-associated lymphoma that arises in the pleural cavity of patients with a history of long standing pyothorax.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DLBCL-CI","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Associated with Chronic Inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699776"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9680/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diffuse_Large_B-Cell_Lymphoma_Associated_with_Chronic_Inflammation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9680/3"}]}}{"C80281":{"preferredName":"EBV-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C80281","definitions":[{"description":"A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma originally described in patients older than 50 years but it has been increasingly recognized in younger patients. Epstein-Barr virus is present in all cases. There is no known history of immunodeficiency or prior lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Age-Related EBV Positive B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBV Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Elderly","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBV positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the elderly","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"EBV-Positive DLBCL, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EBV-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"EBV-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus Positive DLBCL, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Elderly","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Senile EBV-Associated B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2700007"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9680/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epstein-Barr_Virus_Positive_Diffuse_Large_B-Cell_Lymphoma_of_the_Elderly"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"EBV positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the elderly"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9680/3"}]}}{"C4342":{"preferredName":"Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C4342","definitions":[{"description":"A rare extranodal B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, characterized by the presence of lymphoma cells exclusively in the lumina of small vessels, particularly capillaries. This is an extremely aggressive lymphoma which responds poorly to chemotherapy. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiotropic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiotropic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiotropic lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"IVLBCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intravascular B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intravascular B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Angioendotheliomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334660"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9712/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intravascular_Large_B-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intravascular B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiotropic lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9712/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9680/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angioendotheliomatosis"}]}}{"C4074":{"preferredName":"Centroblastic Lymphoma","code":"C4074","definitions":[{"description":"A B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of large noncleaved cells. This is a subtype of diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Centroblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Centroblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Centroblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0302329"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Centroblastic_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, centroblastic, diffuse"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, large B-cell, diffuse, centroblastic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9680/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, centroblastic, NOS"}]}}{"C9496":{"preferredName":"T-Cell/Histiocyte-Rich Large B-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C9496","definitions":[{"description":"A large B-cell lymphoma characterized by the presence of a limited number of scattered neoplastic large B-lymphocytes which are admixed with numerous non-neoplastic T-lymphocytes and frequently histiocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T-Cell Rich/Histiocyte-Rich Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell/Histiocyte Rich Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell/Histiocyte-Rich Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"T-Cell/Histiocyte-Rich Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-cell rich/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"THRLBCL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1321547"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9688/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9680/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T-Cell_Histiocyte_Rich_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T-cell rich/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T-cell rich large B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T-cell/histiocyte rich large B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9688/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9680/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma"}]}}{"C27265":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Large Cell, Cleaved","code":"C27265","definitions":[{"description":"Antiquated term describing non-Hodgkin lymphomas that are usually diffuse and are composed of large cells with irregular nuclei, invisible nucleoli and a small amount of cytoplasm. This morphologic category includes both mature B- and mature T-cell lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Large Cell, Cleaved","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant lymphoma, large cell, cleaved, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant lymphoma, large cleaved cell, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334641"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Lymphoma_Large_Cell_Cleaved"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, large cell, cleaved, diffuse"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, large cleaved cell, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9680/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, large cell, cleaved, NOS"}]}}{"C27266":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Non-Cleaved, Diffuse","code":"C27266","definitions":[{"description":"Antiquated term for diffuse non-Hodgkin lymphomas composed of non-cleaved cells. The vast majority of cases are mature B-cell lymphomas (Burkitts or diffuse large B-cell lymphomas).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Non-Cleaved, Diffuse","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334642"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Lymphoma_Non-Cleaved_Diffuse"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, noncleaved, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, large cell, noncleaved, diffuse"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, noncleaved, diffuse, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9680/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, large cell, noncleaved, NOS"}]}}{"C27099":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Histiocytic, Diffuse","code":"C27099","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Histiocytic, Diffuse","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant lymphoma, histiocytic, diffuse","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1521844"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Lymphoma_Histiocytic_Diffuse"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, histiocytic, diffuse"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9680/3"}]}}{"C27823":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Large Cell Type","code":"C27823","definitions":[{"description":"An antiquated term that refers to a morphologic variant of non-Hodgkin lymphoma which is composed predominantly or exclusively of large neoplastic lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Large Cell Type","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518189"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Lymphoma_Large_Cell_Type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, large cell, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9680/3"}]}}{"C3461":{"preferredName":"Immunoblastic Lymphoma","code":"C3461","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of immunoblasts (large B cells).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma characterized by the presence of immunoblasts with uniformly round-to-oval nuclei, a prominent nucleolus, and abundant cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Immunoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LYMPHOMA, IMMUNOBLASTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079746"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9684/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Immunoblastic_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, large B-cell, diffuse, immunoblastic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, immunoblastic, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, large cell, immunoblastic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9684/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Immunoblastic sarcoma"}]}}{"C6917":{"preferredName":"Atypical Burkitt/Burkitt-Like Lymphoma","code":"C6917","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of Burkitt lymphoma characterized by marked nuclear pleomorphism, abundant apoptotic debris, and the presence of tangible body macrophages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Burkitt's/Burkitt's-Like Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Burkitt/Burkitt-Like Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Burkitt/Burkitt-Like Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Burkitt's-like Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt-like Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt-like lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1368771"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Burkitt_s_Burkitt_s-Like_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Burkitt-like lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9687/3"}]}}{"C4663":{"preferredName":"Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma","code":"C4663","definitions":[{"description":"A B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of small lymphocytes which surround and replace the splenic white pulp germinal centers. It involves the spleen and splenic hilar lymph nodes, bone marrow, and often the peripheral blood. When lymphoma cells are present in the peripheral blood, they are usually, but not always, characterized by the presence of short polar villi. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marginal Zone Lymphoma of the Spleen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SLVL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SMZL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Lymphoma with Circulating Villous Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma with Villous Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma with Villous Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Splenic marginal zone lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0349632"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9689/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Splenic_Marginal_Zone_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Splenic marginal zone lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9689/3"}]}}{"C3209":{"preferredName":"Follicular Lymphoma","code":"C3209","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm of lymphoid cells which has at least a partial follicular pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (cancer of the immune system) that is usually indolent (slow-growing). The tumor cells grow as groups to form nodules. There are several subtypes of follicular lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neoplasm of follicle centre B cells which has at least a partial follicular pattern. Follicular lymphomas comprise about 35% of adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the U.S. and 22% worldwide. Most patients have widespread disease at diagnosis. Morphologically, follicular lymphomas are classified as Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3, depending on the percentage of the large lymphocytes present. The vast majority of cases (70-95%) express the BCL-2 rearrangement [t(14;18)]. Histological grade correlates with prognosis. Grades 1 and 2 follicular lymphomas are indolent and grade 3 is more aggressive (adapted from WHO, 2001).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicle Center Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicle Center Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Centre Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Follicular Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Follicular Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"LYMPHOMA, FOLLICULAR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lymphoma, Follicular Centre Cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"follicular lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024301"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9690/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Follicular_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, nodular, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular lymphoma involving intra-abdominal lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, follicular, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, lymphocytic, nodular, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular lymphoma, unspecified site, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other types of follicular lymphoma, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular lymphoma involving lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodular lymphoma involving lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9690/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, follicle center, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, follicle center, follicular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma, unspecified, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, centroblasticcentrocytic, follicular"}]}}{"C8968":{"preferredName":"Grade 2 Follicular Lymphoma","code":"C8968","definitions":[{"description":"An indolent (slow-growing) type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (cancer of the lymphatic system) in which there are both small and large cancer cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A follicular lymphoma which contains 6-15 centroblasts per 40X high-power microscopic field.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma Grade 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Mixed Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Mixed Lymphocytic-Histiocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular lymphoma, grade 2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 2 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Grade II Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade II Follicular Mixed Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Mixed Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Follicular Lymphoma Histologic Grade 2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"follicular mixed cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"grade 2 follicular lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079758"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9691/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Grade_2_Follicular_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, mixed cell type, nodular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, mixed cell type, follicular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, mixed small cleaved and large cell, follicular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, mixed lymphocytic-histiocytic, nodular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma grade II, intrathoracic lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9691/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma, grade 2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma grade II, lymph nodes of multiple sites"}]}}{"C3465":{"preferredName":"Grade 1 Follicular Lymphoma","code":"C3465","definitions":[{"description":"An indolent (slow-growing) type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma marked by enlarged lymph nodes and small cells that have cleaved (u-shaped) nuclei.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A follicular lymphoma which contains up to 5 centroblasts per 40X high-power microscopic field.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma Grade 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Small Cleaved Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular lymphoma, grade 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Follicular lymphoma, small cleaved cell","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 1 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Grade I Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade I Follicular Small Cleaved Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Nodular Lymphocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Follicular Lymphoma Histologic Grade 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"grade 1 follicular lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079765"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9695/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Grade_1_Follicular_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, lymphocytic, poorly differentiated, nodular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma, small cleaved cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, small cleaved cell, follicular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma grade I, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9695/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma, grade 1"}]}}{"C3460":{"preferredName":"Grade 3 Follicular Lymphoma","code":"C3460","definitions":[{"description":"A type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma marked by large cells and enlarged lymph nodes. Grade 3 follicular lymphoma is less common, and more aggressive than grades 1 or 2 follicular lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A follicular lymphoma which contains more than 15 centroblasts per 40X high-power microscopic field.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma, Predominantly Large Cell","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular lymphoma, grade 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade 3 Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Grade III Follicular Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodular Histiocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Follicular Lymphoma Histologic Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"follicular large cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"grade 3 follicular lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079745"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9698/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Grade_3_Follicular_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, large cell, follicular, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, histiocytic, nodular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, large cleaved cell, follicular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, large cell, noncleaved, follicular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma grade III, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9698/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma, grade 3"}]}}{"C7191":{"preferredName":"Grade 3a Follicular Lymphoma","code":"C7191","definitions":[{"description":"A grade 3 follicular lymphoma in which centrocytes are present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma Grade 3a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular lymphoma, grade 3A","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 3a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Grade 3a Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Grade 3a Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"WHO Follicular Lymphoma Histologic Grade 3a","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1333846"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9698/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Grade_3a_Follicular_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma grade IIIa, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma, grade 3A"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9698/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma grade IIIa, lymph nodes of multiple sites"}]}}{"C7192":{"preferredName":"Grade 3b Follicular Lymphoma","code":"C7192","definitions":[{"description":"A grade 3 follicular lymphoma composed of solid sheets of centroblasts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular Lymphoma Grade 3b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular lymphoma, grade 3B","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Grade 3b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Grade 3b Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Grade 3b Follicular Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2853827"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9698/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Grade_3b_Follicular_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular lymphoma, grade 3B"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9698/3"}]}}{"C8994":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymphoma Centroblastic, Follicular","code":"C8994","definitions":[{"description":"An antiquated term that refers to a follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed predominantly of large B-lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma Centroblastic, Follicular","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0862984"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Lymphoma_Centroblastic_Follicular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, centroblastic, follicular"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9698/3"}]}}{"C4341":{"preferredName":"Marginal Zone Lymphoma","code":"C4341","definitions":[{"description":"An indolent (slow-growing) type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that begins forming in certain areas (the marginal zones) of lymph tissue. There are three types based on whether it forms in the spleen, lymph nodes, or other lymphoid tissue that contains a lot of B cells (a type of white blood cell).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A usually indolent mature B-cell lymphoma, arising from the marginal zone of lymphoid tissues. It is characterized by the presence of small to medium sized atypical lymphocytes. It comprises three entities, according to the anatomic sites involved: extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, which affects extranodal sites (most often stomach, lung, skin, and ocular adnexa); nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, which affects lymph nodes without evidence of extranodal disease; and splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, which affects the spleen and splenic hilar lymph nodes, bone marrow, and often the peripheral blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MZBCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MZL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MZL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marginal zone lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"marginal zone B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"marginal zone lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1367654"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9699/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Marginal_Zone_B-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Marginal zone lymphoma involving lymph nodes of inguinal region and lower limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Marginal zone lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Marginal zone lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9699/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, NOS"}]}}{"C5264":{"preferredName":"Bronchial Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma","code":"C5264","definitions":[{"description":"An extranodal marginal zone lymphoma that arises from the lung. It is characterized by the neoplastic proliferation of small B-lymphocytes, monocytoid cells and cells with plasma cell differentiation in the marginal zones of reactive lymphoid follicles. The neoplastic cells infiltrate the interfollicular areas and the bronchial epithelium forming lymphoepithelial lesions. The neoplasm is usually discovered as a mass in a chest x-ray in asymptomatic patients. When symptoms occur, they include cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, and chest pain. If the lung lesions are resectable, surgery can result in prolonged remission.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BALT Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BALT lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"BALToma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchial MALT Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchial Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bronchus-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1367652"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bronchial_Mucosa-Associated_Lymphoid_Tissue_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"BALT lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9699/3"}]}}{"C8863":{"preferredName":"Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma","code":"C8863","definitions":[{"description":"A primary nodal B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma which morphologically resembles lymph nodes involved by marginal zone lymphomas of extranodal or splenic types, but without evidence of extranodal or splenic disease. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Monocytoid B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monocytoid B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nodal Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Nodal marginal zone B-cell lymph.","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Nodal marginal zone lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0855139"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nodal_Marginal_Zone_B-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Monocytoid B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nodal marginal zone lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9699/3"}]}}{"C7230":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","code":"C7230","definitions":[{"description":"A low-grade, extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue that arises from the skin. It usually presents with multifocal papular or nodular lesions in the arms or trunk. It rarely disseminates to internal organs or progresses to high grade lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"C-MALT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous Immunocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marginal Zone B Cell Lymphoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Marginal Zone B Cell Lymphoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCMZL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Marginal Zone B Cell Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SALT Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SALT lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1275321"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cutaneous_Marginal_Zone_B_Cell_Lymphoma_of_Mucosa-Associated_Lymphoid_Tissue"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"SALT lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Skin-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9699/3"}]}}{"C3246":{"preferredName":"Mycosis Fungoides","code":"C3246","definitions":[{"description":"A type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that first appears on the skin and can spread to the lymph nodes or other organs such as the spleen, liver, or lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A peripheral (mature) T-cell lymphoma presenting in the skin with patches/plaques. It is characterized by epidermal and dermal infiltration of small to medium-sized T-cells with cerebriform nuclei. Patients with limited disease generally have an excellent prognosis. In the more advanced stages, the prognosis is poor. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CTCL/ Mycosis fungoides","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma/Mycosis fungoides","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"MF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycosis Fungoides","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mycosis Fungoides","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mycosis Fungoides","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mycosis Fungoides","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mycosis fungoides","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"mycosis fungoides","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026948"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9700/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mycosis_Fungoides"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mycosis fungoides, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mycosis fungoides involving lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mycosis fungoides, unspecified site, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9700/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mycosis fungoides"}]}}{"C35794":{"preferredName":"Pagetoid Reticulosis","code":"C35794","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of mycosis fungoides, characterized by an exclusively intraepidermal atypical (cerebriform) lymphocytic infiltrate. Patients present with a localized psoriasiform or hyperkeratotic patch or plaque, usually in the extremities. Extracutaneous dissemination of the disease has never been reported.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pagetoid Reticulosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pagetoid reticulosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1367970"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pagetoid_Reticulosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pagetoid reticulosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9700/3"}]}}{"C3366":{"preferredName":"Sezary Syndrome","code":"C3366","definitions":[{"description":"A form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, a cancerous disease that affects the skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A generalized peripheral (mature) T-cell neoplasm characterized by the presence of erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, and neoplastic, cerebriform T-lymphocytes in the blood. Sezary syndrome is an aggressive disease. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CTCL / Sezary syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma/Sezary syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Sezary Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Sezary Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Sezary Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sezary Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Sezary disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sezary syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sezary syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Sezary's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sézary Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036920"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9701/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sezary_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sezary disease, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sezary syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9701/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sezary disease"}]}}{"C4340":{"preferredName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C4340","definitions":[{"description":"A heterogenous category of nodal and extranodal mature T-cell lymphomas that do not correspond to any of the specifically defined entities of mature T-cell lymphoma in the 2017 WHO classification. Excluded from this category are tumors with a T follicular helper (TFH) cell phenotype. Variants include lymphoepithelioid lymphoma (Lennert lymphoma) and primary EBV-positive nodal T-cell or NK-cell lymphoma. The follicular variant included in the peripheral T-cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified, in the 2008 edition of the WHO classification has been moved to the category of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and other nodal lymphomas of T follicular helper cell origin in the 2017 WHO update. The same is true for a proportion of cases previously designated as the T-zone variant, because they usually have a TFH-cell phenotype. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2853959"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Unspecified_Peripheral_T-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not classified, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not classified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified site, extranodal and solid organ sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not classified, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mature T-cell lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9702/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma"}]}}{"C37194":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-Negative","code":"C37194","definitions":[{"description":"A T-cell peripheral lymphoma morphologically indistinguishable from anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive. It is characterized by the absence of the translocation involving the ALK gene and lacks expression of ALK fusion protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALCL, ALK-","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALK-Negative Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-Negative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-Negative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-Negative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK negative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1332078"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9702/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ALK-Negative_Anaplastic_Large_Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative, intrathoracic lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9702/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK negative"}]}}{"C7205":{"preferredName":"Lymphoepithelioid Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C7205","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic small lymphocytes infiltrating the lymph nodes in a diffuse and less frequently interfollicular pattern. There is an associated proliferation of epithelioid histiocytes forming confluent clusters.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lennert Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lennert Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lennert lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lennert's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lennert's Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoepithelioid Cell Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoepithelioid Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Lymphoepithelioid Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1621719"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphoepithelioid_Cell_Variant_Peripheral_T-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lennert lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoepithelioid lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9702/3"}]}}{"C27352":{"preferredName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Large Cell","code":"C27352","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Large Cell","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, large cell","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1337079"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peripheral_T-Cell_Lymphoma_Large_Cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, large cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9702/3"}]}}{"C3466":{"preferredName":"T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C3466","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which certain cells of the lymph system (called T lymphocytes) become cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A non-Hodgkin lymphoma of T-cell lineage. It includes the T lymphoblastic lymphoma and the mature T- and NK-cell lymphomas. -- 2003","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Non-Hodgkin's T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell and NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell and NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079772"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T-Cell_Non-Hodgkin_s_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T-cell lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9702/3"}]}}{"C7204":{"preferredName":"T-Zone Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C7204","definitions":[{"description":"An obsolete variant of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified included in the 2008 WHO classification. These lymphomas usually have a T follicular helper (TFH) cell phenotype and have been moved to the category of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and other nodal lymphomas of T follicular helper cell origin in the 2017 WHO update. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"T-Zone Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Zone Variant Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334655"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T-Zone_Variant_Peripheral_T-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T-zone lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9702/3"}]}}{"C7528":{"preferredName":"Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C7528","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma marked by enlarged lymph nodes and hypergammaglobulinemia (increased antibodies in the blood). Other symptoms may include a skin rash, fever, weight loss, or night sweats.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A peripheral T-cell lymphoma of mature T follicular helper (TFH) cells characterized by systemic disease and a polymorphous infiltrate involving lymph nodes, with a prominent proliferation of high endothelial venules and follicular dendritic cells. EBV-positive cells are nearly always present. It is a clinically aggressive lymphoma and seen mainly in older adults. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AILD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AILT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic Lymphadenopathy","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic Lymphadenopathy Type T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic Lymphadenopathy with Dysproteinemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020981"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9767/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9705/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Angioimmunoblastic_T-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AIL)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AIC)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, AILD (Angioimmunoblastic Lymphadenopathy with Dysproteinemia)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angioimmunoblastic lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9767/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9705/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma"}]}}{"C6918":{"preferredName":"Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C6918","definitions":[{"description":"A cytotoxic primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Recent studies suggest there are at least two groups of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphomas, each with distinct histologic features, immunophenotypic profile, and prognosis. One group has an alpha/beta, CD8 positive phenotype, involves only subcutaneous tissues, and usually has an indolent clinical course. The second group has a gamma/delta phenotype, is CD8 negative, often co-expresses CD56, is not confined to the subcutaneous tissues, and usually has a poor prognosis. In the recent WHO-EORTC classification, the term subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma is reserved for cases with an alpha/beta, CD8 positive phenotype. Cases with a gamma/delta phenotype are included in the group of cutaneous gamma/delta T-cell lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SPTCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma (Alpha/Beta Type)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma, Alpha/Beta Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0522624"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9708/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Subcutaneous_Panniculitis-Like_T-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9708/3"}]}}{"C3467":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","code":"C3467","definitions":[{"description":"Any of a group of T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas that begins in the skin as an itchy, red rash that can thicken or form a tumor. The most common types are mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma arising from the skin. Representative examples include mycosis fungoides and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CTCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PCTCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"cutaneous T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0079773"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9709/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cutaneous_T-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, unspecified, intra-abdominal lymph nodes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9709/3"}]}}{"C45366":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous CD4-Positive Small/Medium T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","code":"C45366","definitions":[{"description":"A primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. It usually presents with a solitary plaque or tumor on the face, neck, or upper trunk. Morphologically, it is composed of small to medium-sized CD4-positive, CD8-negative, and CD30-negative pleomorphic T-lymphocytes. A small number of large pleomorphic T-lymphocytes may also be present. The lymphocytic infiltrate is dermal. Focal epidermotropism and subcutaneous involvement may be present. The clinical behavior is almost always indolent and most patients present with localized disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD4-Positive Small/Medium T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD4-Positive Small/Medium-Sized T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD4-Positive Small/Medium-Sized Pleomorphic T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary cutaneous CD4-positive small/medium T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524855"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9709/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Primary_Cutaneous_CD4-Positive_Small_Medium-Sized_Pleomorphic_T-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary cutaneous CD4 positive small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary cutaneous CD4-positive small/medium T-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9709/3"}]}}{"C7162":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous Lymphoma","code":"C7162","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous (Skin) Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Skin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524081"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cutaneous_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cutaneous lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9709/3"}]}}{"C37193":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-Positive","code":"C37193","definitions":[{"description":"A T-cell peripheral lymphoma composed of usually large, pleomorphic, CD30 positive T-lymphocytes with abundant cytoplasm characterized by the presence of a translocation involving the ALK gene and expression of ALK fusion protein. Most patients present with peripheral and/or abdominal lymphadenopathy, and often have advanced disease and extranodal involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALCL, ALK+","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALKoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-Positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-Positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-Positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1332079"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9714/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"ALK-Positive_Anaplastic_Large_Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive, lymph nodes of head, face, and neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive, lymph nodes of axilla and upper limb"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive, unspecified site"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive, lymph nodes of multiple sites"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK positive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9714/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive, extranodal and solid organ sites"}]}}{"C8459":{"preferredName":"Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C8459","definitions":[{"description":"An extranodal, mature T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that originates from cytotoxic T-cells, usually of gamma/delta T-cell type. It is characterized by the presence of medium-size neoplastic lymphocytes infiltrating the hepatic sinusoids. A similar infiltrating pattern is also present in the spleen and bone marrow that are usually involved at the time of the diagnosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hepatosplenic Gamma/Delta T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hepatosplenic gamma-delta cell lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0522627"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9716/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hepatosplenic_T-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hepatosplenic gamma-delta cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9716/3"}]}}{"C4737":{"preferredName":"Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C4737","definitions":[{"description":"A mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma of intraepithelial T-lymphocytes. It usually arises from the small intestine, most commonly the jejunum or ileum. Other less frequent primary anatomic sites include the duodenum, stomach, colon, or outside the gastrointestinal tract. It is characterized by the presence of pleomorphic medium-sized to large T-lymphocytes with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and moderate to abundant pale cytoplasm. It is associated with celiac disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EATL, Type I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enteropathy Associated T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Enteropathy type intestinal T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma, Type I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Enteropathy-Type T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0456889"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9717/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Enteropathy-Type_T-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Enteropathy type intestinal T-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9717/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intestinal T-cell lymphoma"}]}}{"C7195":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous CD30-Positive T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","code":"C7195","definitions":[{"description":"This entity represents a spectrum of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by CD30 (Ki-1)-positive cutaneous T-cell infiltrates. The two ends of the spectrum include lymphomatoid papulosis (benign end) and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (malignant end). Borderline lesions are also included in this spectrum. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD30+ T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD30-Positive T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1371159"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9718/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Primary_Cutaneous_CD30-Positive_T-Cell_Lymphoproliferative_Disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary cutaneous CD30 positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9718/3"}]}}{"C3721":{"preferredName":"Lymphomatoid Papulosis","code":"C3721","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic, recurrent cutaneous disorder characterized by the presence of spontaneously regressing papules. The papules are composed of an atypical lymphocytic infiltrate that contains anaplastic CD30-positive T-cells, which are found in type A and diffuse large cell type (type C) lymphomatoid papulosis. In a small number of cases, of type B, the lymphocytic infiltrate is composed of small, cerebriform-like lymphocytes that are often negative for CD30. The majority of cases follow a benign clinical course, but some cases are clonal and may progress to lymphoma. Treatment options include low dose methotrexate and psoralen/UVA (PUVA).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LyP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphomatoid Papulosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphomatoid Papulosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lymphomatoid papulosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206182"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9718/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphomatoid_Papulosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphomatoid papulosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9718/3"}]}}{"C6860":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","code":"C6860","definitions":[{"description":"An anaplastic large cell lymphoma limited to the skin at the time of diagnosis. Most patients present with solitary or localized skin lesions, which may be tumors, nodules or papules. The t(2;5) translocation that is present in many cases of systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma, is not found in this disease. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALCL, cutaneous","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, primary cutaneous type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"C-ALCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma of the Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD30 Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD30+ ALCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD30+ Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1301362"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Primary_Cutaneous_Anaplastic_Large_Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary cutaneous CD30+ large T-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9718/3"}]}}{"C4684":{"preferredName":"Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C4684","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant lymphoid neoplasm composed of EBV-positive NK/T cells arranged in an angiocentric pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An aggressive, predominantly extranodal, mature T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is characterized by an often angiocentric and angiodestructive cellular infiltrate composed of EBV positive NK/T cells. The nasal cavity is the most common site of involvement. Patients often present with midfacial destructive lesions (lethal midline granuloma). The disease may disseminate rapidly to various anatomic sites including the gastrointestinal tract, skin, testis, and cervical lymph nodes. It is also known as angiocentric T-cell lymphoma. The term \"polymorphic reticulosis\" has been widely used to describe the morphologic changes seen in this type of lymphoma. However, the latter term may also apply to lymphomatoid granulomatosis, which is an angiocentric and angiodestructive EBV positive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Angiocentric T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Angiocentric T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiocentric T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Extranodal NK/T lymphoma-nasal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal and nasal-type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"RETICULOSIS, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"T/NK-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0392788"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9719/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nasal_Type_Extranodal_NK_T-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal and nasal type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant reticulosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T/NK-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal and nasal-type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiocentric T-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9719/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type"}]}}{"C68692":{"preferredName":"Childhood Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C68692","definitions":[{"description":"A nasal type of non-anaplastic peripheral NK/T cell lymphoma occurring during childhood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A nasal type extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma occurring in childhood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Childhood Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Childhood Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879280"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Childhood_Nasal_Type_Extranodal_NK_T-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Childhood Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9719/3"}]}}{"C80374":{"preferredName":"Systemic EBV-Positive T-Cell Lymphoma of Childhood","code":"C80374","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive, life-threatening, EBV-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder affecting children.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An aggressive and life-threatening, EBV-positive T-cell lymphoma affecting children. It is more prevalent in Taiwan and Japan. Clinically, it presents with acute onset of fever and generalized malaise, followed by hepatosplenomegaly and liver failure. Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of infiltrating T-lymphocytes which are usually small and erythrophagocytosis. Most patients have a fulminant clinical course.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Systemic EBV-Positive T-Cell Lymphoma of Childhood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Systemic EBV-Positive T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disease of Childhood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Systemic EBV-Positive T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder of Childhood","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2699747"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9724/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Systemic_EBV-Positive_T-Cell_Lymphoproliferative_Disease_of_Childhood"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Systemic EBV-Positive T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disease of Childhood"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Systemic EBV positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disease of childhood"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9724/3"}]}}{"C45327":{"preferredName":"Hydroa Vacciniforme-Like Lymphoproliferative Disorder","code":"C45327","definitions":[{"description":"In contrast to hydroa vacciniforme (HV), HV-like lymphoma is not induced by sun exposure and the lesions can occur in both sun-exposed and covered body areas. It affects children, almost exclusively in Latin America and Asia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare, EBV-positive cutaneous T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder, composed of CD8 positive cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. It affects children, almost exclusively in Latin America and Asia. Patients present with papulovesicular skin lesions, clinically resembling hydroa vacciniforme, in areas of sun-exposed skin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HV-Like LPD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HV-Like Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hydroa Vacciniforme-Like Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroa Vacciniforme-Like Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroa Vacciniforme-Like Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hydroa Vacciniforme-Like Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708397"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9725/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hydroa_Vacciniforme-Like_Cutaneous_T-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hydroa Vacciniforme-Like Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoproliferative disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9725/3"}]}}{"C45340":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous Gamma-Delta T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C45340","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive cutaneous lymphoma of mature, activated gamma/delta T-lymphocytes. It usually presents with disseminated plaques and nodules. Involvement of mucosal sites is frequent. However, involvement of lymph nodes, spleen, or bone marrow is uncommon. Morphologically, there are three patterns of cutaneous involvement: epidermotropic, dermal, and subcutaneous. Often, more than one pattern may co-exist in a single biopsy specimen, or may be present in different biopsy specimens from the same patient. The lymphocytic infiltrate is composed of medium- to large-sized lymphocytes expressing CD56. Most cases lack both CD4 and CD8, although CD8 may be present in some cases. This group of lymphomas includes cases previously known as subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma with a gamma/delta phenotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous Gamma/Delta T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Gamma-Delta T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Gamma-Delta T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Gamma-Delta T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary cutaneous gamma-delta T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707547"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9726/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cutaneous_Gamma_Delta_T-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary cutaneous gamma-delta T-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9726/3"}]}}{"C7203":{"preferredName":"Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm","code":"C7203","definitions":[{"description":"A clinically aggressive neoplasm derived from the precursors of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (also called professional type I interferon-producing cells or plasmacytoid monocytes), with a high frequency of cutaneous and bone marrow involvement and leukemic dissemination. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Agranular CD4+ CD56+ Hematodermic Neoplasm/Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agranular CD4+ Natural Killer Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BPDCN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blastic NK-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blastic Natural Killer Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CD4+/CD56+ Hematodermic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monomorphic NK-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1301363"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9727/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Blastic_NK-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Blastic NK cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9727/3"}]}}{"C27821":{"preferredName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Convoluted","code":"C27821","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Lymphoma, Convoluted","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518186"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Lymphoma_Convoluted"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant lymphoma, convoluted cell"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9727/3"}]}}{"C8868":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","code":"C8868","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon type of lymphoma. It constitutes approximately 10% of cases of lymphoblastic lymphoma. Approximately 75% of cases reported in a literature review involved patients who were less than 18 years of age. The most commonly affected sites are the skin, bone, soft tissue, and lymph nodes. It has a high remission rate with a median survival of approximately 60 months. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precur. B-lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Precursor B-Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Precursor B-lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1292757"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9728/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Precursor_B_Lymphoblastic_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9728/3"}]}}{"C6919":{"preferredName":"T Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","code":"C6919","definitions":[{"description":"A type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in which too many T-cell lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the lymph nodes and spleen. It is most common in young men.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The most frequent type of lymphoblastic lymphoma. It comprises approximately 85-90% of cases. It is more frequently seen in adolescent males. It frequently presents with a mass lesion in the mediastinum. Pleural effusions are common. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Precur. T-lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Precursor T Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor T-Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"T Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"T Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1292758"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9729/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Precursor_T_Lymphoblastic_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Precursor T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9729/3"}]}}{"C9349":{"preferredName":"Plasmacytoma","code":"C9349","definitions":[{"description":"A type of cancer that begins in plasma cells (white blood cells that produce antibodies). A plasmacytoma may turn into multiple myeloma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A malignant (clonal) proliferation of plasma cells that are cytologically and immunophenotypically identical to those of plasma cell myeloma, but manifest a localized osseous or extraosseous growth pattern. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmacytoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032131"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9731/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Plasmacytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plasmacytoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9731/3"}]}}{"C7812":{"preferredName":"Solitary Plasmacytoma of Bone","code":"C7812","definitions":[{"description":"A localized, clonal (malignant) plasma cell infiltrate in the bone, without peripheral blood involvement. The most commonly affected bones are the vertebrae, ribs, skull, pelvis and femur. X-rays examination reveals a solitary lytic lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Isolated Osseous Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Isolated Plasmacytoma of Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Osseous Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Solitary Osseous Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Solitary Plasmacytoma of Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0272256"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Solitary_Osseous_Plasmacytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plasmacytoma of bone"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9731/3"}]}}{"C6932":{"preferredName":"Solitary Plasmacytoma","code":"C6932","definitions":[{"description":"A localized clonal (malignant) plasma cell infiltrate either in the bony skeleton or soft tissue without peripheral blood involvement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Solitary Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Solitary plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL018710"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Solitary_Plasmacytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solitary myeloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solitary plasmacytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9731/3"}]}}{"C3180":{"preferredName":"Plasma Cell Leukemia","code":"C3180","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive plasma cell neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic plasma cells in the peripheral blood. It is characterized by the presence of a circulating clonal plasma cell count that exceeds 2x10^9/L or is 20% of the leukocyte differential count.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leukemia Plasmacytic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Plasma Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasma cell leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Plasmacytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmacytic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023484"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9733/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Plasma_Cell_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plasma cell leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plasmacytic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9733/3"}]}}{"C4002":{"preferredName":"Extraosseous Plasmacytoma","code":"C4002","definitions":[{"description":"A plasma cell neoplasm arising at an extraosseous site. There is no involvement of the bone marrow. It most frequently involves the oropharynx, nasopharynx, sinuses, and larynx. Other sites of involvement include the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, breast, skin, lymph nodes, and bladder. A minority of patients have a monoclonal gammopathy. Treatment includes radiation therapy. Progression to plasma cell myeloma occurs in a minority of patients.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extramedullary Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extraosseous Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Extraosseous Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extraosseous Plasmacytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Extraosseous plasmacytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Plasmacytoma, extramedullary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0278619"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9734/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Extramedullary_Plasmacytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Extraosseous plasmacytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plasmacytoma, extramedullary"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9734/3"}]}}{"C7224":{"preferredName":"Plasmablastic Lymphoma","code":"C7224","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma frequently arising in the setting of HIV infection and characterized by the presence of large neoplastic cells resembling B-immunoblasts which have the immunophenotypic profile of plasma cells. Sites of involvement include the oral cavity, sinonasal cavity, skin, soft tissues, gastrointestinal tract, and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PBL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmablastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Plasmablastic Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plasmablastic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3472614"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9735/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9684/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Plasmablastic_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Plasmablastic lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9735/3"}]}}{"C7225":{"preferredName":"ALK-Positive Large B-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C7225","definitions":[{"description":"A usually aggressive large B-cell lymphoma characterized by the presence of monomorphic immunoblast-like neoplastic B-lymphocytes in a sinusoidal growth pattern. The neoplastic B-lymphocytes express the ALK kinase but they lack the 2;5 translocation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ALK positive large B-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"ALK-DLBCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ALK-Positive Large B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Expression of Full-Length ALK","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Expression of Full-Length Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1333294"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9737/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diffuse_Large_B-Cell_Lymphoma_with_Expression_of_Full-Length_ALK"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"ALK positive large B-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9737/3"}]}}{"C27856":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Arising in HHV8-Positive Multicentric Castleman Disease","code":"C27856","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma occurring in patients with HHV8-positive multicentric Castleman disease. It is characterized by the presence of human herpesvirus 8-infected large B-lymphocytes that resemble plasmablasts. It is usually seen in patients with HIV infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Arising in HHV8-Positive Multicentric Castleman Disease","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Arising in HHV8-Positive Multicentric Castleman Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSHV-8 Positive Extracavity Lymphoma","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSHV-8+ Extracavity Lymphoma","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"KSHV-Associated Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Human Herpes Virus 8 Positive Extracavity Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Human Herpes Virus 8 Positive Extracavity Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Human Herpes Virus 8+ Extracavity Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large B-Cell Lymphoma Arising in HHV 8-Associated Multicentric Castleman Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large B-Cell Lymphoma Arising in HHV8-Associated Multicentric Castleman Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large B-Cell Lymphoma Arising in Human Herpes Virus 8-Associated Multicentric Castleman Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large B-cell lymphoma arising in HHV8-associated multicentric Castleman disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334319"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9738/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Kaposi_s_Sarcoma-Associated_Human_Herpes_Virus_8_Positive_Extracavity_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Large B-cell lymphoma arising in HHV8-associated multicentric Castleman disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9738/3"}]}}{"C9303":{"preferredName":"Mastocytoma","code":"C9303","definitions":[{"description":"A growth or lump of mast cells (a type of white blood cell). Mast cell tumors can involve the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and muscle tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A localized tumor composed of sheets of mast cells without atypia. It includes the cutaneous mastocytoma which involves the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, and the extracutaneous mastocytoma. Most cases of extracutaneous mastocytoma have been reported in the lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mastocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mastocytoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"mastocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024897"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9740/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mastocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mastocytoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9740/1"}]}}{"C7137":{"preferredName":"Cutaneous Mastocytosis","code":"C7137","definitions":[{"description":"A form of mastocytosis characterized by mast cell infiltration of the skin. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous (Skin) Mastocytosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Cutaneous Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Cutaneous Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cutaneous mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1136033"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9740/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cutaneous_Mastocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cutaneous mastocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9740/1"}]}}{"C3218":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Cutaneous Mastocytosis","code":"C3218","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of cutaneous mastocytosis which is seen almost exclusively in children. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Cutaneous Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024901"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9740/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Diffuse_Cutaneous_Mastocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9740/1"}]}}{"C3433":{"preferredName":"Urticaria Pigmentosa/Maculopapular Cutaneous Mastocytosis","code":"C3433","definitions":[{"description":"The most frequent form of cutaneous mastocytosis. In children, the lesions tend to be papular, and are characterized by aggregates of elongated or spindle-shaped mast cells which fill the papillary dermis and extend into the reticular dermis. In adults, the lesions tend to have fewer mast cells compared to those in children. The lesions are located most commonly on the trunk, but they can be seen on the extremities, head and neck. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"UP/MPCM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urticaria Pigmentosa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urticaria Pigmentosa/Maculopapular Cutaneous Mastocytosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Urticaria Pigmentosa/Maculopapular Cutaneous Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urticaria pigmentosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042111"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9740/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Urticaria_Pigmentosa_Maculopapular_Cutaneous_Mastocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Urticaria pigmentosa"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9740/1"}]}}{"C7136":{"preferredName":"Extracutaneous Mastocytoma","code":"C7136","definitions":[{"description":"A localized tumor consisting of mature mast cells. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extracutaneous Mastocytoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Extracutaneous Mastocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extracutaneous mastocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0272202"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9740/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Extracutaneous_Mastocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Extracutaneous mastocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9740/1"}]}}{"C7138":{"preferredName":"Solitary Mastocytoma of the Skin","code":"C7138","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cutaneous Solitary Mastocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skin Solitary Mastocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Mastocytoma of Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary Mastocytoma of the Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary mastocytoma of skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0343115"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9740/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Solitary_Mastocytoma_of_the_Skin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solitary mastocytoma of skin"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9740/1"}]}}{"C9348":{"preferredName":"Mast Cell Sarcoma","code":"C9348","definitions":[{"description":"A rare malignant neoplasm characterized by localized but destructive growth of a tumor consisting of highly atypical, immature mast cells. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MCS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mast cell sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036221"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9740/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mast_Cell_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant mastocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mast cell sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9740/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant mast cell tumor"}]}}{"C9286":{"preferredName":"Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis","code":"C9286","definitions":[{"description":"An indolent mast cell neoplasm characterized by systemic infiltration of skin and internal organs by aggregates of neoplastic mast cells. There is no evidence of mast cell leukemia or clonal hematologic malignancy. Clinically, there is no evidence of palpable hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, malabsorption syndrome, or pathologic fractures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ISM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Indolent systemic mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0272203"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9741/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Indolent_Systemic_Mastocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Indolent systemic mastocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9741/1"}]}}{"C8991":{"preferredName":"Malignant Mastocytosis","code":"C8991","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of mast cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Malignant neoplasm originating from mast cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MAST CELL TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Malignant Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1541840"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9741/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Mastocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant mast cell tumors"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant mastocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9741/3"}]}}{"C9285":{"preferredName":"Aggressive Systemic Mastocytosis","code":"C9285","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive and progressive mast cell neoplasm characterized by systemic infiltration of internal organs by aggregates of neoplastic mast cells. There is no evidence of mast cell leukemia or clonal hematologic malignancy. Clinical symptoms include hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, portal hypertension, malabsorption syndrome, and pathologic fractures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ASM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aggressive Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aggressive Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aggressive Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Aggressive systemic mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1112486"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9741/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aggressive_Systemic_Mastocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aggressive systemic mastocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9741/3"}]}}{"C9284":{"preferredName":"Systemic Mastocytosis with an Associated Hematological Neoplasm","code":"C9284","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by systemic infiltration of internal organs by aggregates of neoplastic mast cells and the presence of a clonal non-mast cell hematologic neoplasm (e.g., myelodysplastic syndrome, chronic myeloproliferative disorder, acute myeloid leukemia, and lymphoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SM-AHN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SM-AHNMD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Systemic Mastocytosis with Associated Clonal Hematological non-Mast-Cell Lineage Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Systemic Mastocytosis with Associated Clonal Hematological non-Mast-Cell Lineage Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Systemic Mastocytosis with an Associated Hematological Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Systemic Mastocytosis with an Associated Hematological Neoplasm (SM-AHN)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Systemic mastocytosis with AHNMD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Systemic mastocytosis with associated hematological clonal non-mast cell disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1301365"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9741/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Systemic_Mastocytosis_with_Associated_Clonal_Hematological_non-Mast-Cell_Lineage_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Systemic mastocytosis with AHNMD"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Systemic mastocytosis with associated hematological clonal non-mast cell disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9741/3"}]}}{"C9235":{"preferredName":"Systemic Mastocytosis","code":"C9235","definitions":[{"description":"A rare disease in which too many mast cells (a type of immune system cell) are found in the skin, bones, joints, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and gastrointestinal tract. Mast cells give off chemicals such as histamine that can cause flushing (a hot, red face), itching, abdominal cramps, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, low blood pressure, and shock.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A variant of mastocytosis characterized by multifocal, dense infiltrates of mast cells (15 or more mast cells in aggregates) detected in the bone marrow and/or other extracutaneous sites. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Systemic Mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Systemic Tissue Mast Cell Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Systemic mastocytosis, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Systemic tissue mast cell disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"systemic mastocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0221013"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Systemic_Mastocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Systemic tissue mast cell disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9741/3"}]}}{"C3169":{"preferredName":"Mast Cell Leukemia","code":"C3169","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of systemic mastocytosis with involvement of the bone marrow (20% or more mast cells) and the peripheral blood (mast cells account for 10% or more of peripheral blood white cells). (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mast Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mast Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mast cell leukaemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023461"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9742/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mast_Cell_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mast cell leukaemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mast cell leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9742/3"}]}}{"C7202":{"preferredName":"Malignant Histiocytosis","code":"C7202","definitions":[{"description":"An antiquated term referring to cases of systemic non-Hodgkin lymphomas which are composed of large, atypical neoplastic lymphoid cells and cases of hemophagocytic syndromes. In the past, cases of anaplastic large cells lymphoma were called malignant histiocytosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histiocytic Medullary Reticulosis","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Histiocytosis","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Malignant histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019623"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9750/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Histiocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9750/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Histiocytic medullary reticulosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant histiocytosis"}]}}{"C61240":{"preferredName":"Omenn Syndrome","code":"C61240","definitions":[{"description":"An autosomal recessive combined immunodeficiency syndrome caused by mutations in the RAG-1 and RAG-2 genes. It is characterized by the presence of alopecia, erythroderma, desquamation, lymphadenopathy, and chronic diarrhea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Omenn Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Omenn Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1801959"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Omenn_Syndrome"}]}}{"C3107":{"preferredName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","code":"C3107","definitions":[{"description":"A group of rare disorders in which too many Langerhans cells (a type of white blood cell) grow in certain tissues and organs including the bones, skin, and lungs, and damage them. Langerhans cell histiocytosis may also affect the pituitary gland (which makes hormones that control other glands and many body functions, especially growth). Langerhans cell histiocytosis is most common in children and young adults.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Tissue infiltration by Langerhans cells (histiocytes). When infiltration involves the pituitary stalk or gland, presentation includes diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes accompanied by other pituitary dysfunction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A neoplastic proliferation of Langerhans cells which contain Birbeck granules by ultrastructural examination. Three major overlapping syndromes are recognized: eosinophilic granuloma, Letterer-Siwe disease, and Hand-Schuller-Christian disease. The clinical course is generally related to the number of organs affected at presentation. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histiocytosis X","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histiocytosis X","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"LCH","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LCH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Granulomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Langerhans cell granulomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019621"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9753/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9751/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9754/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9751/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9752/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Langerhans_Cell_Histiocytosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Langerhans cell granulomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Histiocytosis X, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9751/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9751/1"}]}}{"C6920":{"preferredName":"Hand-Schuller-Christian Disease","code":"C6920","definitions":[{"description":"A multifocal, unisystem form of Langerhans-cell histiocytosis. There is involvement of multiple sites in one organ system, most frequently the bone. Patients are usually young children presenting with multiple destructive bone lesions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A multifocal, unisystem form of Langerhans-cell histiocytosis. There is involvement of multiple sites in one organ system, most frequently the bone. Patients are usually young children presenting with multiple destructive bone lesions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classic Multifocal Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hand-Schuller-Christian Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hand-Schuller-Christian Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hand-Schuller-Christian disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hand-Schüller-Christian Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Multifocal Unisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0268205"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9753/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hand-Schuller-Christian_Disease"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Multifocal Unisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hand-Schuller-Christian disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Multifocal and unisystemic Langerhans-cell histiocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9751/3"}]}}{"C3016":{"preferredName":"Eosinophilic Granuloma","code":"C3016","definitions":[{"description":"A clinical variant of Langerhans cell histiocytosis that is characterized by unifocal involvement of a bone (most often), skin, or lung. Patients are usually older children or adults, often presenting with a lytic bone lesion of an unknown etiology. Morphologically, eosinophilic granuloma is characterized by the presence of Langerhans cells in a characteristic milieu that includes histiocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, and small, mature lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A clinical variant of Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterized by unifocal involvement of a bone (most often), skin, or lung. Patients are usually older children or adults usually presenting with a lytic bone lesion. The etiology is unknown. Morphologically, eosinophilic granuloma is characterized by the presence of Langerhans cells in a characteristic milieu which includes histiocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, and small, mature lymphocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Unifocal Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Eosinophilic Granuloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Eosinophilic Granuloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eosinophilic Granuloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Eosinophilic Xanthomatous Granuloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eosinophilic Xanthomatous Granuloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Eosinophilic granuloma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Monostotic Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Unifocal Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014461"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9752/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eosinophilic_Granuloma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Unifocal Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eosinophilic granuloma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Langerhans cell granulomatosis, unifocal"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9751/3"}]}}{"C3160":{"preferredName":"Letterer-Siwe Disease","code":"C3160","definitions":[{"description":"A multifocal, multisystem form of Langerhans-cell histiocytosis. There is involvement of multiple organ systems that may include the bones, skin, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. Patients are usually infants presenting with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, bone and skin lesions, and pancytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A multifocal, multisystem form of Langerhans-cell histiocytosis. There is involvement of multiple organ systems including the bones, skin, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. Patients are usually infants presenting with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, bone and skin lesions, and pancytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Disseminated Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Letterer-Siwe Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Letterer-Siwe Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Letterer-Siwe Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Letterer-Siwe Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Letterer-Siwe disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Multifocal Multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023381"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9754/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Letterer-Siwe_Disease"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Multifocal Multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Letterer-Siwe disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9751/3"}]}}{"C27349":{"preferredName":"Histiocytic Sarcoma","code":"C27349","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of cells resembling histiocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An aggressive malignant neoplasm with a poor response to therapy, usually presenting as stage III/IV disease. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with morphologic and immunophenotypic characteristics similar to those seen in mature histiocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Histiocytic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Histiocytic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Histiocytic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Histiocytic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Histiocytic sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"SARCOMA, HISTIOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334663"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9755/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Histiocytic_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Histiocytic sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant histiocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9755/3"}]}}{"C6921":{"preferredName":"Langerhans Cell Sarcoma","code":"C6921","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic proliferation of Langerhans cells with overtly malignant cytologic features. It can be considered a higher grade variant of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and it can present de novo or progress from antecedent LCH. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Langerhans Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Langerhans cell sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1260327"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9756/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Langerhans_Cell_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Langerhans cell sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9756/3"}]}}{"C9282":{"preferredName":"Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","code":"C9282","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic proliferation of spindle to ovoid cells which show phenotypic features similar to those of interdigitating dendritic cells. The clinical course is generally aggressive. (WHO, 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Interdigitating Cell Sarcoma/Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma/Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1260326"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9757/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9757/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Interdigitating_Dendritic_Cell_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Interdigitating cell sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9757/3"}]}}{"C81767":{"preferredName":"Indeterminate Dendritic Cell Tumor","code":"C81767","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare dendritic cell tumor composed of spindle to ovoid cells with a phenotype that is similar to the Langerhans cells. Patients usually present with cutaneous papules, nodules, and plaques. Systemic symptoms are usually absent. The clinical course is variable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Indeterminate Cell Histiocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indeterminate Dendritic Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indeterminate dendritic cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825741"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9757/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Indeterminate_Dendritic_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Indeterminate dendritic cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9757/3"}]}}{"C9281":{"preferredName":"Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","code":"C9281","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm composed of spindle to ovoid cells which have morphologic and immunophenotypic characteristics of follicular dendritic cells. It affects lymph nodes and other sites including the tonsils, gastrointestinal tract, spleen, liver, soft tissues, skin, and oral cavity. It usually behaves as a low grade sarcoma. Treatment options include complete surgical removal of the tumor with or without adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Recurrences have been reported in up to half of the cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma/Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Follicular dendritic cell tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1260325"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9758/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9758/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Follicular_Dendritic_Cell_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular dendritic cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9758/3"}]}}{"C81758":{"preferredName":"Fibroblastic Reticular Cell Tumor","code":"C81758","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare dendritic cell tumor affecting the lymph nodes, spleen, and soft tissues. Morphologically it is similar to the interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma or follicular dendritic cell sarcoma. The tumor cells are positive for cytokeratin and CD68. Clinical outcome is variable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibroblastic Reticular Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Fibroblastic Reticular Cell Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibroblastic reticular cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825739"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9759/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibroblastic_Reticular_Cell_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibroblastic reticular cell tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9759/3"}]}}{"C3132":{"preferredName":"Alpha Heavy Chain Disease","code":"C3132","definitions":[{"description":"A clonal disorder, also known as immunoproliferative small intestinal disease or Mediterranean lymphoma, characterised by the secretion of a defective alpha heavy chain. It predominantly affects young people in the Mediterranean region. It involves the small intestine, and patients usually present with malabsorption syndrome, abdominal pain, weight loss, and fever. There is extensive villous atrophy of the small intestinal mucosa, which is heavily infiltrated by small lymphocytes and plasma cells. The small intestinal morphologic changes are consistent with a mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT lymphoma).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alpha Heavy Chain Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alpha heavy chain disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"IPSID","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoproliferative disease, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mediterranean Abdominal Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediterranean Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mediterranean lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021071"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9764/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9760/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alpha_Heavy_Chain_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Immunoproliferative disease, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Alpha heavy chain disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mediterranean lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9760/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9762/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9764/3"}]}}{"C80307":{"preferredName":"Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia","code":"C80307","definitions":[{"description":"An indolent (slow-growing) type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma marked by abnormal levels of IgM antibodies in the blood and an enlarged liver, spleen, or lymph nodes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma associated with bone marrow involvement and IgM monoclonal gammopathy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Waldenström Macroglobulinemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024419"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Waldenstrom_Macroglobulinemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9761/3"}]}}{"C3082":{"preferredName":"Heavy Chain Disease","code":"C3082","definitions":[{"description":"A group of rare disorders of immunoglobulin synthesis associated with B-cell proliferative disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HCD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heavy Chain Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heavy Chain Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018852"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9762/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Heavy_Chain_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Heavy chain disease, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9762/3"}]}}{"C3083":{"preferredName":"Gamma Heavy Chain Disease","code":"C3083","definitions":[{"description":"A clonal disorder characterized by the secretion of a truncated gamma chain. In most cases, it is associated with morphologic changes also seen in lymphoplasmacytic lymphomas, but the clinical course is typically more aggressive than in lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Franklin Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Franklin disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Franklin's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma Heavy Chain Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gamma heavy chain disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018854"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gamma_Heavy_Chain_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Franklin disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gamma heavy chain disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9762/3"}]}}{"C3892":{"preferredName":"Mu Heavy Chain Disease","code":"C3892","definitions":[{"description":"A clonal disorder characterized by the secretion of a mu heavy chain that lacks a variable region. Most patients present with slowly progressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In contrast to most cases of CLL, Mu heavy chain disease is associated with hepatosplenomegaly and absence of lymphadenopathy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mu Heavy Chain Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mu heavy chain disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0242310"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mu_Heavy_Chain_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mu heavy chain disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9762/3"}]}}{"C3996":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance","code":"C3996","definitions":[{"description":"A benign condition in which there is a higher-than-normal level of a protein called M protein in the blood. Patients with MGUS are at an increased risk of developing cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A condition in which an abnormal amount of a single immunoglobulin is present in the serum. This category includes IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and non-IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Up to 25% of cases of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance progress to a B-cell malignancy or myeloma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MGUS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MGUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"MGUS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"MGUS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026470"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9765/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Gammopathy_of_Undetermined_Significance"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Monoclonal gammopathy, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9765/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"MGUS"}]}}{"C40970":{"preferredName":"Angiocentric Immunoproliferative Lesion","code":"C40970","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic lymphoproliferative process characterized by an angiocentric arrangement of tumor cells and associated angiodestruction. It includes lymphomatoid granulomatosis which is a lymphoproliferative lesion derived from mature B-lymphocytes and cases of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphomas of nasal type.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AIL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiocentric Immunoproliferative Lesion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Angiocentric immunoproliferative lesion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL331771"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9766/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Angiocentric_Immunoproliferative_Lesion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Angiocentric immunoproliferative lesion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9766/1"}]}}{"C7930":{"preferredName":"Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis","code":"C7930","definitions":[{"description":"Destructive growth of lymph cells, usually involving the lungs, skin, kidneys, and central nervous system. Grades I and II are not considered cancerous, but grade III is considered a lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An angiocentric and angiodestructive lymphoproliferative disease involving extranodal sites, comprised of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive B-cells admixed with reactive T-cells. Incidence is higher among adult males; patients with a history of immunodeficiency are at increased risk. The most common site of involvement is the lung; other common sites include brain, kidney, liver, and skin. Morphologically, three grades are recognized: grade I, II, and III. Grade III lymphomatoid granulomatosis should be approached clinically as a subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYG","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lymphomatoid granulomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Lymphomatoid granulomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"lymphomatoid granulomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024307"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9766/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphomatoid_Granulomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphomatoid granulomatosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9766/1"}]}}{"C4664":{"preferredName":"T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia","code":"C4664","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells which are large and granular, originating from lymphoid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of leukemia in which large T lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) that contain granules (small particles) are found in the blood. It is a chronic disease that may last for a long time and get worse.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A T-cell peripheral neoplasm characterized by a persistent (>6 months) increase in the number of peripheral blood large granular lymphocytes, without a clearly identified cause. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, LARGE GRANULAR LYMPHOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LGLL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LGLL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Large Cell Granular Lymphogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Large Cell Granular Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Large Cell Granular Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Large Granular Lymphocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Large Granular Lymphocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T Gamma Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"T Gamma Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Gamma Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"T-Gamma Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-LGL leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"T-cell large gran. lymph. leuk.","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T-cell large granular lymphocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T-gamma lymphoproliferative disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tgamma Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1955861"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9768/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9831/1"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9831/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"T-Cell_Large_Granular_Lymphocyte_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T-cell large granular lymphocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T-gamma lymphoproliferative disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9831/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9768/1"}]}}{"C3819":{"preferredName":"Primary Amyloidosis","code":"C3819","definitions":[{"description":"A plasma cell neoplasm that secretes an abnormal immunoglobulin, which deposits in tissues and forms a beta-pleated sheet structure that binds Congo red dye with characteristic birefringence. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Primary Amyloidosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Amyloidosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Primary amyloidosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0268381"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Primary_Amyloidosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary amyloidosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9769/1"}]}}{"C7727":{"preferredName":"Light Chain Deposition Disease","code":"C7727","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which plasma cells secrete immunoglobulin light chains of only one type, kappa or lambda. Light chain deposition disease is often associated with multiple myeloma or lymphoproliferative disease, but as many as 50% of patients have no evidence of neoplastic plasma cell proliferation. Light chains excreted in the urine are known as Bence Jones protein. Amyloidosis and severe renal failure occur more frequently than in multiple myeloma. Also known as Bence Jones myeloma. L-chain disease, L-chain myeloma, and LCDD.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bence Jones Myeloma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Light Chain Deposition Disease","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Light Chain Deposition Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Light Chain Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Light Chain Gammopathy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0238239"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Light_Chain_Deposition_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Systemic light chain disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9769/1"}]}}{"C4982":{"preferredName":"Aleukemic Leukemia","code":"C4982","definitions":[{"description":"A leukemia characterized by the absence of leukemic cells in the peripheral blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aleukemic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Aleukemic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aleukemic leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0877858"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aleukemic_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aleukemic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9800/3"}]}}{"C3483":{"preferredName":"Chronic Leukemia","code":"C3483","definitions":[{"description":"A slowly progressing cancer that starts in blood-forming tissues such as the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of white blood cells to be produced and enter the blood stream.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A slowly progressing leukemia characterized by a clonal (malignant) proliferation of maturing and mature myeloid cells or mature lymphocytes. When the clonal cellular population is composed of myeloid cells, the process is called chronic myelogenous leukemia. When the clonal cellular population is composed of lymphocytes, it is classified as chronic lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, or T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Chronic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"chronic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1279296"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chronic_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic leukemia of unspecified cell type without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leukemia of unspecified cell type, chronic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9800/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic leukemia of unspecified cell type not having achieved remission"}]}}{"C9300":{"preferredName":"Acute Leukemia","code":"C9300","definitions":[{"description":"A rapidly progressing cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of white blood cells to be produced and enter the blood stream.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A clonal (malignant) hematopoietic disorder with an acute onset, affecting the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. The malignant cells show minimal differentiation and are called blasts, either myeloid blasts (myeloblasts) or lymphoid blasts (lymphoblasts).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acute leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085669"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9801/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Blast cell leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute leukemia of unspecified cell type without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Undifferentiated leukaemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leukemia of unspecified cell type, acute"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9801/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute leukemia of unspecified cell type not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute leukaemia of unspecified cell type"}]}}{"C4673":{"preferredName":"Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia","code":"C4673","definitions":[{"description":"An acute leukemia characterized by a single population of blasts that coexpress myeloid and lymphoid antigens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage characterized by blasts which coexpress myeloid and T or B lineage antigens or concurrent B and T lineage antigens. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute biphenotypic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023464"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9805/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Biphenotypic_Leukemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute biphenotypic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9805/3"}]}}{"C6923":{"preferredName":"Acute Bilineal Leukemia","code":"C6923","definitions":[{"description":"An acute leukemia in which there is a dual population of blasts with each population expressing markers of a distinct lineage (myeloid and lymphoid or B-and T-lymphocyte).","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage in which there is a dual population of blasts with each population expressing markers of a distinct lineage (myeloid and lymphoid or B-and T-lymphocyte). (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Bilineal Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Bilineal Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Bilineal Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Bilineal Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute bilineal leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0349680"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Bilineal_Leukemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Bilineal Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute bilineal leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute mixed lineage leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9805/3"}]}}{"C82192":{"preferredName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","code":"C82192","definitions":[{"description":"A rare mixed phenotype acute leukemia in which the blasts also carry the translocation t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2) by karyotypic analysis or the BCR-ABL1 translocation by FISH or PCR. The prognosis is usually unfavorable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(9;22)(q34;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed phenotype acute leukemia with t(9;22)(q34;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826037"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9806/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Phenotype_Acute_Leukemia_with_t_9_22_q34_q11_2_BCR-ABL1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed phenotype acute leukemia with t(9;22)(q34;q11.2); BCR-ABL1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9806/3"}]}}{"C82203":{"preferredName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(v;11q23.3); MLL Rearranged","code":"C82203","definitions":[{"description":"A rare mixed phenotype acute leukemia in which the blasts carry a translocation between the MLL (KMT2A) gene at 11q23.3 and another gene partner. The prognosis is usually unfavorable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(v;11q23); MLL Rearranged","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(v;11q23.3); KMT2A Rearranged","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(v;11q23.3); MLL Rearranged","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia with t(v;11q23.3); MLL Rearranged","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mixed phenotype acute leukemia with t(v;11q23); MLL rearranged","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826048"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9807/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Phenotype_Acute_Leukemia_with_t_v_11q23_MLL_Rearranged"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed phenotype acute leukemia with t(v;11q23); MLL rearranged"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9807/3"}]}}{"C82212":{"preferredName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, B/Myeloid, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C82212","definitions":[{"description":"A rare mixed phenotype acute leukemia in which the blasts express B-lymphoid and myeloid lineage markers but are negative for MLL translocation and t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) translocation. The prognosis is usually unfavorable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, B/Myeloid, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, B/Myeloid, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, B/Myeloid, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mixed phenotype acute leukemia, B/myeloid, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3472616"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9808/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Phenotype_Acute_Leukemia_B_Myeloid_Not_Otherwise_Specified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed phenotype acute leukemia, B/myeloid, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9808/3"}]}}{"C82213":{"preferredName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, T/Myeloid, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C82213","definitions":[{"description":"A rare mixed phenotype acute leukemia in which the blasts express T-lymphoid and myeloid lineage markers but are negative for MLL translocation and t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) translocation. The prognosis is usually unfavorable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, T/Myeloid, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, T/Myeloid, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, T/Myeloid, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mixed phenotype acute leukemia, T/myeloid, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826055"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9809/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Phenotype_Acute_Leukemia_T_Myeloid_Not_Otherwise_Specified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed phenotype acute leukemia, T/myeloid, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9809/3"}]}}{"C80326":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C80326","definitions":[{"description":"The term refers to precursor lymphoid neoplasms which are composed of B-lymphoblasts and characterized by the absence of recurrent genetic abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698310"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9811/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"B_Lymphoblastic_Leukemia_Lymphoma_Not_Otherwise_Specified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9811/3"}]}}{"C80331":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","code":"C80331","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor lymphoid neoplasm which is composed of B-lymphoblasts and carries a translocation between the BCR gene on chromosome 22 and the ABL1 gene on chromosome 9. It results in the production of the p190 kd or p210 kd fusion protein. It has an unfavorable clinical outcome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(9;22)(q34;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(9;22)(q34;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(9;22)(q34;q11.2); BCR-ABL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698317"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9812/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"B_Lymphoblastic_Leukemia_Lymphoma_with_t_9_22_q34_q11_2_BCR-ABL_1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(9;22)(q34;q11.2); BCR-ABL1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9812/3"}]}}{"C80332":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(v;11q23.3); MLL Rearranged","code":"C80332","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor lymphoid neoplasm which is composed of B-lymphoblasts and carries a translocation between the MLL (KMT2A) gene at 11q23.3 and another gene partner resulting in the production of an MLL related fusion protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(v;11q23.3); KMT2A Rearranged","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(v;11q23.3); MLL Rearranged","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(v;11q23); MLL rearranged","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(v;11q23); MLL Rearranged","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698309"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9813/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"B_Lymphoblastic_Leukemi_Lymphoma_with_t_v_11q23_MLL_Rearranged"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(v;11q23); MLL rearranged"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9813/3"}]}}{"C80334":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(12;21)(p13.2;q22.1); ETV6-RUNX1","code":"C80334","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor lymphoid neoplasm which is composed of B-lymphoblasts and carries a translocation between the TEL gene on chromosome 12 and the AML1 gene on chromosome 21, (p13.2;q22.1). It results in the production of the TEL-AML1 (ETV6-RUNX1) fusion protein. It has a favorable clinical outcome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(12;21)(p13.2;q22.1); ETV6-RUNX1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(12;21)(p13;q22); TEL-AML1 (ETV6-RUNX1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(12;21)(p13;q22); TEL-AML1 (ETV6-RUNX1)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(12;21)(p13;q22); TEL-AML1 (ETV6-RUNX1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698314"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9814/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"B_Lymphoblastic_Leukemia_Lymphoma_with_t_12-21_p13_q22_TEL-AML1_ETV6-RUNX1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(12;21)(p13;q22); TEL-AML1 (ETV6-RUNX1)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9814/3"}]}}{"C80335":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with Hyperdiploidy","code":"C80335","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor lymphoid neoplasm composed of B-lymphoblasts which contain more than 50 and usually less than 66 chromosomes. It has a favorable clinical outcome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with Hyperdiploidy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with hyperdiploidy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with Hyperdiploidy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698311"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9815/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"B_Lymphoblastic_Leukemia_Lymphoma_with_Hyperdiploidy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with hyperdiploidy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9815/3"}]}}{"C80338":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with Hypodiploidy","code":"C80338","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor lymphoid neoplasm composed of B-lymphoblasts which contain less than 46 chromosomes. It has an unfavorable clinical outcome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with Hypodiploidy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with Hypodiploidy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698312"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9816/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"B_Lymphoblastic_Leukemia_Lymphoma_with_Hypodiploidy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with hypodiploidy (Hypodiploid ALL)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9816/3"}]}}{"C80340":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(5;14)(q31.1;q32.3); IL3-IGH","code":"C80340","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor lymphoid neoplasm which is composed of B-lymphoblasts and carries a translocation between the IL3 gene on chromosome 5 and the IGH locus on chromosome 14, (q31.1;q32.3). It results in eosinophilia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(5;14)(q31.1;q32.3); IL3-IGH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(5;14)(q31;q32); IL3-IGH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(5;14)(q31;q32); IL3-IGH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(5;14)(q31;q32); IL3-IGH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698316"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9817/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"B_Lymphoblastic_Leukemia_Lymphoma_with_t_5_14_q31_q32_IL3-IGH"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(5;14)(q31;q32); IL3-IGH"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9817/3"}]}}{"C80341":{"preferredName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(1;19)(q23;p13.3); E2A-PBX1 (TCF3-PBX1)","code":"C80341","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor lymphoid neoplasm which is composed of B-lymphoblasts and carries a translocation between the E2A gene on chromosome 19 and the PBX1 gene on chromosome 1.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(1;19)(q23;p13.3); E2A-PBX1 (TCF3-PBX1)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(1;19)(q23;p13.3); E2A-PBX1 (TCF3-PBX1)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with t(1;19)(q23;p13.3); E2A-PBX1 (TCF3-PBX1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2698315"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9818/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"B_Lymphoblastic_Leukemia_Lymphoma_with_t_1_19_q23_p13_3_E2A-PBX1_TCF3-PBX1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(1;19)(q23;p13.3); E2A-PBX1 (TCF3-PBX1)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9818/3"}]}}{"C4343":{"preferredName":"Aleukemic Lymphoid Leukemia","code":"C4343","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aleukemic Lymphatic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aleukemic Lymphogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aleukemic Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aleukemic lymphatic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Aleukemic lymphoid leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334667"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aleukemic_Lymphoid_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aleukemic lymphatic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aleukemic lymphoid leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9820/3"}]}}{"C7176":{"preferredName":"Aleukemic Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","code":"C7176","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aleukemic Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aleukemic Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aleukemic lymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3282876"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aleukemic_Lymphocytic_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aleukemic lymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9820/3"}]}}{"C3163":{"preferredName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","code":"C3163","definitions":[{"description":"An indolent (slow-growing) cancer in which too many immature lymphocytes (white blood cells) are found mostly in the blood and bone marrow. Sometimes, in later stages of the disease, cancer cells are found in the lymph nodes and the disease is called small lymphocytic lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The most common type of chronic lymphoid leukemia. It comprises 90% of chronic lymphoid leukemias in the United States. Morphologically, the neoplastic cells are small, round B-lymphocytes. This type of leukemia is not considered to be curable with available therapy. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Cell CLL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell CLL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"BCLL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CLL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Chronic B-Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic lymphatic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chronic lymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hematopoeitic - Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chronic lymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023434"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chronic_Lymphocytic_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, B-cell type (includes all variants of BCLL)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic lymphoid leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic lymphocytic leukemia of B-cell type not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoid leukemia, chronic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic lymphoid leukemia without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"B-cell lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic lymphatic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9823/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic lymphocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia of B-cell type"}]}}{"C7400":{"preferredName":"Burkitt Leukemia","code":"C7400","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, fast-growing type of leukemia (blood cancer) in which too many white blood cells called B lymphocytes form in the blood and bone marrow. It may start in the lymph nodes as Burkitt lymphoma and then spread to the blood and bone marrow, or it may start in the blood and bone marrow without involvement of the lymph nodes. Both Burkitt leukemia and Burkitt lymphoma have been linked to infection with the Epstein-Barr virus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The leukemic counterpart of Burkitt's lymphoma. The characteristic Burkitt cells are seen in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. This is an aggressive leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Burkitt Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Burkitt Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Burkitt Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Burkitt cell leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Burkitt's Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt's Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Burkitt's leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"FAB L3","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAB L3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"L3 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L3 Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L3 Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"L3 Acute Lymphoid Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023435"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9826/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Burkitt_s_Cell_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"FAB L3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Burkitt cell leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mature B-cell leukemia Burkitt-type not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute leukemia, Burkitt type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9826/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, mature B-cell type"}]}}{"C8644":{"preferredName":"B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","code":"C8644","definitions":[{"description":"An acute lymphoblastic leukemia of B-lineage origin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of leukemia (blood cancer) in which too many B-cell lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the bone marrow and blood. It is the most common type of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The most frequent type of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Approximately 75% of cases occur in children under six years of age. This is a good prognosis leukemia. In the pediatric age group the complete remission rate is approximately 95% and the disease free survival rate is 70%. Approximately 80% of children appear to be cured. In the adult age group the complete remission rate is 60-85%. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute B Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute B-Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"B Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B Cell Precursor Type Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-ALL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-ALL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"B-ALL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Precursor Type Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Type Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"B-precursor ALL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Precursor B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Precursor B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-precursor ALL)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"precursor B-lymphoblastic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1292769"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9836/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Precursor_B_Lymphoblastic_Leukemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"B-ALL"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9836/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9826/3"}]}}{"C3184":{"preferredName":"Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma","code":"C3184","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma caused by the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). It is marked by bone and skin lesions, high calcium levels, and enlarged lymph nodes, spleen, and liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A peripheral (mature) T-cell neoplasm linked to the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma is endemic in several regions of the world, in particular Japan, the Caribbean, and parts of Central Africa.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ATLL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"ATLL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult T Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adult T-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"HTLV-1 Associated Adult T-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HTLV-I Associated Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023493"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9827/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adult_T-Cell_Lymphoma_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adult T-cell lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (HTLV-1 positive) (includes all variants)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adult T-cell leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9827/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (HTLV-1 positive)"}]}}{"C39591":{"preferredName":"Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorder of NK-Cells","code":"C39591","definitions":[{"description":"A type of leukemia in which large natural killer (NK) cells (a type of white blood cell) that contain granules (small particles) are found in the blood. It is a chronic disease that may last for a long time and get worse.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An Epstein-Barr virus negative disorder with a chronic clinical course affecting predominantly adults and characterized by the proliferation of large granular lymphocytes with natural killer cell immunophenotype. The T-cell receptor genes are not rearranged.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CLPD-NK","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorder of NK-Cells","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorder of NK-Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic NK-Cell Lymphocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic NK-LGL Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic NK-Large Granular Lymphocyte Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic lymphoproliferative disorder of NK cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Indolent Large Granular NK-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Indolent NK-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Lymphocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK-LGL leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NK-LGLL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"NK-Type Lymphoproliferative Disorder of Granular Lymphocytes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"natural killer-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512709"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9831/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Indolent_NK-Cell_Lymphoproliferative_Disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic lymphoproliferative disorder of NK cells"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9831/3"}]}}{"C3181":{"preferredName":"Prolymphocytic Leukemia","code":"C3181","definitions":[{"description":"A type of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in which too many immature white blood cells (prolymphocytes) are found in the blood and bone marrow. PLL usually progresses more rapidly than classic CLL.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A mature B- or T- cell leukemia with progressive clinical course. It is characterized by the presence of medium-sized lymphocytes with visible nucleoli (prolymphocytes) in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and spleen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PLL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prolymphocytic leukemia (B or T)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Prolymphocytic leukemia (B or T-cell)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"prolymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023486"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9832/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Prolymphocytic_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prolymphocytic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9832/3"}]}}{"C4753":{"preferredName":"B-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia","code":"C4753","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant B-cell lymphoproliferative process affecting the blood, bone marrow, and spleen. The B-prolymphocytes are medium-sized, round lymphoid cells with prominent nucleoli. The B-prolymphocytes must exceed 55% of lymphoid cells in the blood. Cases of transformed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and CLL with increased prolymphocytes are excluded. The prognosis is poor. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"B Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"B-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"B-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Prolymphocytic leukemia, B-cell type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0475801"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9833/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"B-Cell_Prolymphocytic_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Prolymphocytic leukemia, B-cell type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9833/3"}]}}{"C4752":{"preferredName":"T-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia","code":"C4752","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive T-cell leukemia, characterized by the proliferation of small to medium sized prolymphocytes with a mature T-cell phenotype, involving the blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and skin. 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It comprises about 15% of childhood cases and 25% of adult cases. It is more common in males than females. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute T Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute T Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute T Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute T-Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute T-Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor T-lymphoblastic leukemia (T-cell ALL)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T-ALL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-ALL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-Cell Type Acute Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T-cell ALL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"precursor T-lymphoblastic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1961099"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9837/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Precursor_T_Lymphoblastic_Leukemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Precursor T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9837/3"}]}}{"C8694":{"preferredName":"T Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma","code":"C8694","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplasm of lymphoblasts committed to the T-cell lineage, typically composed of small to medium-sized blast cells. When the neoplasm involves predominantly the bone marrow and the peripheral blood, it is called T acute lymphoblastic leukemia. When it involves nodal or extranodal sites it is called T lymphoblastic lymphoma. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Precursor T Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor T Lymphoblastic Lymphoma/Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Precursor T-Lymphoblastic Lymphoma/Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"T Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"T Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"T lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1301359"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9837/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Precursor_T_Lymphoblastic_Leukemia_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"T lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9837/3"}]}}{"C27820":{"preferredName":"Mature T-ALL","code":"C27820","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cortical T ALL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mature T ALL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mature T-ALL","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1521897"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mature_T-ALL"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cortical T ALL"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mature T ALL"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9837/3"}]}}{"C27261":{"preferredName":"Pre T-ALL","code":"C27261","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pre T-ALL","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL301529"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pre_T-ALL"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pre-T ALL"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pro-T ALL"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9837/3"}]}}{"C8923":{"preferredName":"Acute Erythroid Leukemia","code":"C8923","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells, originating from immature erythroid cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia characterized by a predominant immature erythroid population.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia characterized by a predominant immature erythroid population. There are two subtypes recognized: erythroleukemia and pure erythroid leukemia. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AEL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Erythroblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acute Erythroblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Erythroid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Erythroid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Acute Erythroid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Erythroid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Erythroid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute erythroid leukaemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Erythroblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Erythroblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAB M6","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FAB M6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Fab M6","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, ERYTHROID, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"M6","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"M6 Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"M6 Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M6 OR Acute Erythroid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023440"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9840/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Erythroid_Leukemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Erythroid Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute erythroid leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute erythroid leukemia, not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute erythroid leukaemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"FAB M6"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia, M6 type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"AML M6"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute erythremia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9840/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute erythremia and erythroleukemia without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute erythremia and erythroleukemia"}]}}{"C7467":{"preferredName":"Pure Erythroid Leukemia","code":"C7467","definitions":[{"description":"Acute erythroid leukemia characterized by the presence of immature erythroid cells in the bone marrow (at least 80% of the cellular component), without evidence of a significant myeloblastic cell population present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Erythremic Myelosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia M6b","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute erythremic myelosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Di Guglielmo Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Di Guglielmo disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Di Guglielmo's Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erythremic Myelosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M6B","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"M6b","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pure Erythroid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pure Erythroid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL028054"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pure_Erythroid_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Erythremic myelosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Di Guglielmo disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"M6B"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9840/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute erythremic myelosis"}]}}{"C34774":{"preferredName":"Chronic Monocytic Leukemia","code":"C34774","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic monocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023466"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chronic_Monocytic_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic monocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9860/3"}]}}{"C3519":{"preferredName":"Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Negative","code":"C3519","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the principal involvement of the neutrophil series with leukocytosis and multilineage dysplasia. The neoplastic cells do not have a Philadelphia chromosome or the BCR/ABL fusion gene. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical CML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Negative","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Negative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Negative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Negative","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Subacute Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subacute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subacute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subacute granulocytic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Subacute myelogenous leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Subacute myeloid leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"aCML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0349640"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9876/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Chronic_Myeloid_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Subacute myelogenous leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Subacute granulocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Subacute myeloid leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9860/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR/ABL negative"}]}}{"C4563":{"preferredName":"Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C4563","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which too many eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) are found in the bone marrow, blood, and other tissues. Chronic eosinophilic leukemia may stay the same for many years, or it may progress quickly to acute leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by a clonal proliferation of eosinophilic precursors resulting in persistently increased numbers of eosinophils in the blood, marrow and peripheral tissues. Since acute eosinophilic leukemia is at best exceedingly rare, the term eosinophilic leukemia is normally used as a synonym for chronic eosinophilic leukemia. In cases in which it is impossible to prove clonality and there is no increase in blast cells, the diagnosis of \"idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome\" is preferred. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CEL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CEL/Hypereosinophilic syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Chronic eosinophilic leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chronic eosinophilic leukemia/hypereosinophilic syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Eosinophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Eosinophilic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"chronic eosinophilic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0346421"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9964/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chronic_Eosinophilic_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic eosinophilic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic eosinophilic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Eosinophilic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9964/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9860/3"}]}}{"C4861":{"preferredName":"Acute Monocytic Leukemia","code":"C4861","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells, originating from immature monocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia in which the majority of monocytic cells are promonocytes. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Monocytic Leukemia (FAB M5b)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Monocytic Leukemia (Fab M5B)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acute monocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"FAB M5 (includes all variants)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, MONOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"M5","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023465"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9891/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monocytic_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Monocytic leukemia, acute"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other monocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Monocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Monocytic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other monocytic leukemia, not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Unspecified monocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other monocytic leukemia without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute monocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute monocytic leukemia without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9860/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9891/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Monocytic leukaemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Monocytic leukaemia, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"FAB M5 (includes all variants)"}]}}{"C27753":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C27753","definitions":[{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemias that do not fulfill the criteria for inclusion in the group of acute myeloid leukemias which have recurrent genetic abnormalities or myelodysplastic changes, or are therapy-related. This category includes entities classified according to the French-American-British classification scheme.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML not otherwise specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"AML, NOS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AML, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Not Otherwise Categorized","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL054841"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_not_Otherwise_Categorized"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9861/3"}]}}{"C82433":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated CEBPA","code":"C82433","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with mutation of the CEBPA gene. It is usually associated with normal karyotype, and most cases meet the criteria for AML with or without maturation. It is seen in 5-8% of children with AML.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia with non-germline mutations of the CEBPA gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with Mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AML with Mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"AML with mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Non-Germline Mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia with mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Non-Familial Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated CEBPA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826178"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9861/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_with_Mutated_CEBPA"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated CEBPA"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with mutated CEBPA"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9861/3"}]}}{"C82431":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated NPM1","code":"C82431","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with mutation of the nucleophosmin gene. It is usually associated with normal karyotype. It is seen in 8% of children with AML.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia with mutation of the nucleophosmin gene. It is usually associated with normal karyotype and frequently has myelomonocytic or monocytic features. It usually responds to induction therapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with Mutated NPM1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"AML with Mutated NPM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AML with Mutated NPM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"AML with mutated NPM1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Cytoplasmic Nucleophosmin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated NPM1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated NPM1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated NPM1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia with mutated NPM1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"NPMc+ AML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826177"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9861/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_with_Mutated_NPM1"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutated NPM1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with mutated NPM1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9861/3"}]}}{"C3174":{"preferredName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive","code":"C3174","definitions":[{"description":"A slowly progressing disease in which too many white blood cells are made in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the expression of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. It presents with neutrophilic leukocytosis. It can appear at any age, but it mostly affects middle aged and older individuals. Patients usually present with fatigue, weight loss, anemia, night sweats, and splenomegaly. If untreated, it follows a biphasic or triphasic natural course; an initial indolent chronic phase which is followed by an accelerated phase, a blast phase, or both. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation and tyrosine kinase inhibitors delay disease progression and prolong overall survival.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BCR-ABL Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CML","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"CML - Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemias","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Hematopoeitic - Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia (CML)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chronic granulocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"chronic myelogenous leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"chronic myeloid leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023473"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9875/3"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9863/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chronic_Myelogenous_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic myeloid leukaemia [CML], BCR/ABL-positive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic myeloid leukemia without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR/ABL positive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic myeloid leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid leukemia, chronic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR/ABL-positive, not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9875/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic granulocytic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9863/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL positive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic myelocytic leukemia, NOS"}]}}{"C82423":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(6;9) (p23;q34.1); DEK-NUP214","code":"C82423","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia associated with t(6;9)(p23;q34), resulting in DEK-NUP214(CAN) fusion protein expression. It is often associated with multilineage dysplasia and basophilia. It is rare in children.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia associated with t(6;9)(p23;q34.1) resulting in DEK-NUP214(CAN) fusion protein expression. It is often associated with multilineage dysplasia and basophilia. It affects both children and adults and it usually has an unfavorable clinical outcome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with t(6;9)(p23;q34); DEK-NUP214","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"AML with t(6;9)(p23;q34);DEK-NUP214","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"AML with t(6;9)(p23;q34.1);DEK-NUP214","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(6;9)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(6;9) (p23;q34.1); DEK-NUP214","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(6;9)(p23;q34); DEK-NUP214","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(6;9)(p23;q34); DEK-NUP214","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(6;9)(p23;q34); DEK-NUP214","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia with t(6;9)(p23;q34); DEK-NUP214","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826169"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9865/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_with_t_6_9_p23_q34_DEK-NUP214"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(6;9)(p23;q34); DEK-NUP214"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with t(6;9)(p23;q34); DEK-NUP214"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9865/3"}]}}{"C3182":{"preferredName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with PML-RARA","code":"C3182","definitions":[{"description":"Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a distinct subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and it is treated differently than other types of AML because of its marked sensitivity to differentiating effects of all trans-retinoic acid. APL is characterized by a severe coagulopathy which may be present at diagnosis. APL occurs in 7 % of children with AML.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An aggressive (fast-growing) type of acute myeloid leukemia in which there are too many immature blood-forming cells in the blood and bone marrow. It is usually marked by an exchange of parts of chromosomes 15 and 17.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in which abnormal promyelocytes predominate. It is characterized by the PML-RARA fusion. There are two variants: the typical and microgranular variant. This AML is particularly sensitive to treatment with all trans-retinoic acid and has a favorable prognosis. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with t(15;17)(q22;q12)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"APL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"APML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"APML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"APML - Acute promyelocytic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with PML-RARA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with PML-RARA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with PML-RARA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with t(15;17)(q22;q12); PML-RARA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with t(15;17)(q22;q12); PML-RARA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with t(15;17)(q22;q12); PML/RARA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute promyelocytic leukaemia, PML-RAR-alpha","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acute promyelocytic leukaemia, t(15;17)(q22;q11-12)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acute promyelocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"FAB M3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"M3 OR Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with t(15;17)(q22;q12); PML-RARA","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Promyelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"acute promyelocytic leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"promyelocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023487"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9866/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Promyelocytic_Leukemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with t(15;17)(q22;q12); PML-RARA"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute promyelocytic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute promyelocytic leukaemia, t(15;17)(q22;q11-12)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"FAB M3 (includes all variants)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute promyelocytic leukemia, t(15;17)(q22;q11-12)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia, PML/RAR-alpha"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9866/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute promyelocytic leukaemia, PML-RAR-alpha"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute promyelocytic leukaemia [PML]"}]}}{"C7463":{"preferredName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia","code":"C7463","definitions":[{"description":"An acute leukemia characterized by the proliferation of both neutrophil and monocyte precursors. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute leukemia characterized by the proliferation of both neutrophil and monocyte precursors. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute M4 Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia (FAB Type M4)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute myelomonocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"M4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"M4 OR Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023479"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9867/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myelomonocytic_Leukemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myelomonocytic leukemia, not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myelomonocytic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"FAB M4"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myelomonocytic leukaemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9867/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myelomonocytic leukemia"}]}}{"C82426":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(3) (q21.3;q26.2) or t(3;3) (q21.3;q26.2); GATA2, MECOM","code":"C82426","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia associated with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2), resulting in the expression of RPN1-EVI1 fusion protein. There have been rare cases in children that have been reported in the literature.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia associated with inv(3)(q21.3q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21.3;q26.2) resulting in the reposition of a distal GATA2 enhancer to activate MECOM expression. It may present de novo or follow a myelodysplastic syndrome. The clinical course is aggressive.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with inv(3)(q21.3q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21.3;q26.2); GATA2, MECOM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"AML with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2); RPN1-EVI1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(3) (q21.3;q26.2) or t(3;3) (q21.3;q26.2); GATA2, MECOM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(3) (q21.3;q26.2) or t(3;3) (q21.3;q26.2); GATA2, MECOM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2); RPN1-EVI1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2); RPN1-EVI1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2); RPN1-EVI1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826172"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9869/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_with_inv_3_q2_q26_2_or_t_3_3_q21_q26_2_RPN1-EVI1"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2); RPN1-EVI1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with inv(3)(q21;q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2); RPN1-EVI1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2); RPN1-EVI1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9869/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with inv(3)(q21;q26.2) or t(3.3)(q21;q26.2); RPN1-EVI1"}]}}{"C3164":{"preferredName":"Acute Basophilic Leukemia","code":"C3164","definitions":[{"description":"A rare acute myeloid leukemia in which the immature cells differentiate towards basophils.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare acute myeloid leukemia in which the immature cells differentiate towards basophils.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Basophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Basophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Basophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Acute Basophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute basophilic leukaemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acute basophilic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Basophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukemia Basophilic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023437"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9870/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Basophilic_Leukemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Basophilic Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute basophilic leukaemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute basophilic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9870/3"}]}}{"C9287":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22); CBFB-MYH11","code":"C9287","definitions":[{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemia characterized by the presence of abnormal bone marrow eosinophils and the characteristic cytogenetic abnormality inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22), which results in the expression of the fusion protein CBFB-MYH11. This is seen in 7-9% of children with AML.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia with monocytic and granulocytic differentiation and the presence of a characteristically abnormal eosinophil component in the bone marrow. This type of acute myeloid leukemia has a favorable prognosis. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22); CBFB-MYH11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"AML with inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22); CBFB-MYH11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"AML with inv(16)(p13q22) or t(16;16) (p13.1;q22), (CBFB/MYH11)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Abnormal Marrow Eosinophils","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22); CBFB-MYH11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22); CBFB-MYH11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia, CBF-beta/MYH11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia, CBFB-MYH11","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia, CBF-beta/MYH11","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0522630"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9871/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_with_Abnormal_Marrow_Eosinophils"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22); CBFB-MYH11"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with abnormal marrow eosinophils (includes all variants)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia, CBF-beta/MYH11"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9871/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with abnormal marrow eosinophils"}]}}{"C9020":{"preferredName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia with Abnormal Eosinophils","code":"C9020","definitions":[{"description":"Acute myelomonocytic leukemia characterized by the presence of abnormal bone marrow eosinophils. It is associated with inv(16)(p13.1;q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22). It has a favorable prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMML Eo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia with Abnormal Eosinophils","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute myelomonocytic leukemia with abnormal eosinophils","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"FAB M4Eo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"FAB M4Eo","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M4eo","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"M4eos","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1332156"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myelomonocytic_Leukemia_with_Abnormal_Eosinophils"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myelomonocytic leukemia with abnormal eosinophils"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"FAB M4Eo"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9871/3"}]}}{"C8460":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","code":"C8460","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in which the blasts do not show evidence of myeloid differentiation by morphology and conventional cytochemistry. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in which the blasts do not show evidence of myeloid differentiation by morphology and conventional cytochemistry. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia, Minimally Differentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelogenous Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation (MO)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Minimally Differentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia, minimal differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"M0","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"M0 Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M0 Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0522631"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9872/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_Minimally_Differentiated"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia, minimal differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"FAB MO"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9872/3"}]}}{"C3249":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation","code":"C3249","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by blasts without evidence of significant maturation in the neutrophilic lineage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by blasts without evidence of maturation to more mature neutrophils. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute M1 Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelogenous Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation (FAB M1)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia without maturation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"FAB M1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"FAB M1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M1 Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0026998"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9873/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_without_Maturation"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia without maturation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"FAB M1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9873/3"}]}}{"C3250":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation","code":"C3250","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by blasts with evidence of significant maturation in the neutrophilic lineage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by blasts with evidence of maturation to more mature neutrophils. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute M2 Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelocytic Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelogenous Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML-M2)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia with maturation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"FAB M2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"M2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Myelocytic Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"M2 Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1879321"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9874/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_with_Maturation"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with maturation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"FAB M2, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9874/3"}]}}{"C9128":{"preferredName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive, BCR-ABL1 Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","code":"C9128","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic myelogenous leukemia characterised by the t(9;22)(q34;q11) chromosomal translocation, resulting in the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome and the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CML - Philadelphia chromosome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Chronic Myeloid Leukemia t(9;22) (q34;q11), BCR/ABL Positive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic granulocytic leukemia, BCR/ABL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chronic granulocytic leukemia, Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chronic granulocytic leukemia, t(9;22)(q34;q11)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chronic myelogenous leukemia, Philadelphia chromosome (Ph 1) positive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chronic myelogenous leukemia, Philadelphia chromosome positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Chronic myelogenous leukemia, t(9;22)(q34;q11)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ph' Chromosome Positive Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ph' Chromosome Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ph' Chromosome Positive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ph' Positive Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ph1 Chromosome Positive Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ph1 Chromosome Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ph1 Chromosome Positive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ph1 Positive Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive CML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive, BCR-ABL1 Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Philadelphia Chromosome Positive, BCR-ABL1 Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1292771"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Philadelphia_Chromosome_Positive_Chronic_Myelogenous_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic myelogenous leukemia, Philadelphia chromosome (Ph 1) positive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic granulocytic leukemia, t(9;22)(q34;q11)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic myelogenous leukemia, t(9;22)(q34;q11)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic granulocytic leukemia, BCR/ABL"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9875/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic granulocytic leukemia, Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) positive"}]}}{"C3176":{"preferredName":"Philadelphia-Negative Myelogenous Leukemia","code":"C3176","definitions":[{"description":"Myelogenous leukemia that is negative for Philadelphia chromosome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Philadelphia-Negative Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1292772"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Philadelphia-Negative_Myelogenous_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR/ABL negative"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical chronic myeloid leukemia, Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) negative"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9876/3"}]}}{"C7318":{"preferredName":"Acute Monoblastic and Monocytic Leukemia","code":"C7318","definitions":[{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage, including monoblasts, promonocytes, and monocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage, including monoblasts, promonocytes, and monocytes. Bleeding disorders are common presenting features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic Leukemia and Acute Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic and Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic and Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic and Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic and Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic/Monocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia M5","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute monoblastic and monocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3831784"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9891/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Monoblastic_Leukemia_and_Acute_Monocytic_Leukemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Monoblastic and Monocytic Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute monoblastic/monocytic leukaemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute monoblastic/monocytic leukemia, not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9891/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute monoblastic and monocytic leukemia"}]}}{"C7171":{"preferredName":"Acute Monoblastic Leukemia","code":"C7171","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia in which the monoblasts represent 80% or more of the total cellular population. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Monoblastic Leukemia (FAB M5a)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute monoblastic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0457334"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Monoblastic_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute monoblastic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Monoblastic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9891/3"}]}}{"C7600":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes","code":"C7600","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia with at least 20% blasts in the bone marrow or blood and one of the following: a previous history of myelodysplastic syndrome; multilineage dysplasia; or myelodysplastic syndrome-related cytogenetic abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia with at least 20% blasts in the bone marrow or blood, and either a previous history of myelodysplastic syndrome, multilineage dysplasia or myelodysplastic syndrome-related cytogenetic abnormalities. There is no history of prior cytotoxic therapy for an unrelated disorder, and there is absence of the cytogenetic abnormalities that are present in acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"AML with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"AML with Myelodysplasia-related Changes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"AML with myelodysplasia-related changes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825139"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9895/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_with_Multilineage_Dysplasia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9895/3"}]}}{"C9289":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia","code":"C9289","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia arising de novo and not as a result of treatment. It is characterized by the presence of myelodysplastic features in at least 50% of the cells of at least two hematopoietic cell lines. Patients often present with severe cytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"De novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1292773"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9895/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"De_novo_Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_with_Multilineage_Dysplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia, not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9895/3"}]}}{"C4037":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising from Previous Myelodysplastic Syndrome","code":"C4037","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia developing in patients with a prior history of myelodysplastic syndrome.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML/MDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Arising from Previous Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising from Previous Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising from Previous Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia following Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1321721"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_with_Multilineage_Dysplasia_following_Myelodysplastic_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with prior myelodysplastic syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia without prior myelodysplastic syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9895/3"}]}}{"C9288":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21); (q22; q22.1); RUNX1-RUNX1T1","code":"C9288","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) associated with t(8;21)(q22;q22) resulting in RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion protein expression. This is seen in 12% of children with AML.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21)(q22; q22.1) giving rise to RUNX1/RUNX1T1 fusion transcript and showing maturation in the neutrophil lineage. The bone marrow and the peripheral blood show large myeloblasts with abundant basophilic cytoplasm, often containing azurophilic granules. This type of AML is associated with good response to chemotherapy and high complete remission rate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22), RUNX1 RUNX1T1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22); RUNX1-RUNX1T1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22.1); RUNX1-RUNX1T1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22)(AML1(CBFa)/ETO)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22); RUNX1-RUNX1T1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22); RUNX1-RUNX1T1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22); RUNX1-RUNX1T1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21); (q22; q22.1); RUNX1-RUNX1T1","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21); (q22; q22.1); RUNX1-RUNX1T1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22); RUNX1-RUNX1T1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1292774"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9896/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_with_t_8_21_q22_q22_AML1_CBFa_ETO"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22); RUNX1-RUNX1T1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia, t(8;21)(q22;q22)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia, AML1(CBF-alpha)/ETO"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"FAB M2, t(8;21)(q22;q22)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"FAB M2, AML1(CBF-alpha)/ETO"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukaemia, t(8;21)(q22;q22)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9896/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22); RUNX1-RUNX1T1"}]}}{"C174129":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with MLL Rearrangement","code":"C174129","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia characterized by rearrangement of the MLL (mixed-lineage leukemia) gene. It affects infants, children and adults. It is usually associated with poor prognosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with 11q23 Abnormalities","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with KMT2A/MLL Rearrangement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with MLL Rearrangement","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with MLL Rearrangement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with MLLr","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia, 11q23 abnormalities","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia, MLL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia, 11q23 abnormalities"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia with 11q23-abnormality not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia, MLL"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9897/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukaemia with 11q23-abnormality"}]}}{"C82339":{"preferredName":"Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis Associated with Down Syndrome","code":"C82339","definitions":[{"description":"A myeloid proliferation occurring in newborns with Down syndrome. It is clinically and morphologically indistinguishable from acute myeloid leukemia and is associated with GATA1 mutations. The blasts display morphologic and immunophenotypic features of megakaryocytic lineage. In the majority of patients, the myeloid proliferation undergoes spontaneous remission.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"AML diagnosed within four years of a diagnosis of Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis Associated with Down Syndrome (a myeloid proliferation occurring in newborns with Down syndrome). Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis Associated with Down Syndrome is clinically and morphologically indistinguishable from acute myeloid leukemia and is associated with GATA1 mutations.","attr":"AML","defSource":"PCDC"},{"description":"A myeloid proliferation occurring in newborns with Down syndrome. It is clinically and morphologically indistinguishable from acute myeloid leukemia and is associated with GATA1 mutations. The blasts display morphologic and immunophenotypic features of megakaryocytic lineage. In the majority of patients the myeloid proliferation undergoes spontaneous remission.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TAM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TAMDS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis (TAM)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis Associated with Down Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transient Myeloproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Transient Myeloproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Transient abnormal myelopoiesis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1834582"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9898/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Transient_Abnormal_Myelopoiesis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Transient abnormal myelopoiesis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9898/1"}]}}{"C43223":{"preferredName":"Myeloid Leukemia Associated with Down Syndrome","code":"C43223","definitions":[{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemia occurring in children with Down syndrome. During the first 3 years of life, it is usually the megakaryoblastic subtype, and is associated with GATA1 gene mutation. After age 4 this is no longer the case.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome occurring in children with Down syndrome. The acute myeloid leukemia is usually an acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, and is associated with GATA1 gene mutation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML Occurring in Children with Down Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Occurring in Children with Down syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with GATA1 Mutations","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"MLDS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Myeloid Leukemia Associated with Down Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Myeloid Leukemia Associated with Down Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Leukemia Associated with Down Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Myeloid leukemia associated with Down Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2825149"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9898/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_Transient_Myeloproliferative_Disorder_in_Down_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Occurring in Children with Down syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid leukemia associated with Down Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid leukemia associated with Down syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9898/3"}]}}{"C3170":{"preferredName":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia","code":"C3170","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, proliferative disease of blood cells, originating from immature megakaryocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia in which at least 50% of the blasts are of megakaryocytic lineage. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia in which at least 50% of the blasts are of megakaryocytic lineage. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMKL","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute M7 Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acute M7 Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia (FAB Type M7)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia (Fab Type M7)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"FAB M7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"FAB M7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fab M7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LEUKEMIA, MEGAKARYOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"M7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"M7 OR Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023462"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9910/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Megakaryoblastic_Leukemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"FAB M7"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Megakaryocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9910/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia"}]}}{"C82427":{"preferredName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13.3;q13.1); RBM15-MKL1","code":"C82427","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia typically showing megakaryocytic maturation and associated with t(1;22)(p13;q13), resulting in the expression of RBM15-MKL1 fusion protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia associated with t(1;22)(p13.3;q13.1) resulting in the expression of RBM15-MKL1 fusion protein. It affects infants and children and usually shows megakaryocytic maturation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AML (Megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13;q13); RBM15-MKL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"AML (megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22) (p13;q13); RBM15-MKL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"AML (megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13.3;q13.3); RBM15-MKL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13.3;q13.1); RBM15-MKL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13;q13); RBM15-MKL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13;q13); RBM15-MKL1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute myeloid leukemia (megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13;q13); RBM15-MKL1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826173"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9911/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_Megakaryoblastic_with_t_1_22_p13_q13_RBM15-MKL1"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13;q13); RBM15-MKL1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myeloid leukemia (megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13;q13); RBM15-MKL1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9911/3"}]}}{"C27912":{"preferredName":"Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasm","code":"C27912","definitions":[{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes, and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms arising as a result of the mutagenic effect of chemotherapy agents and/or radiation that are used for the treatment of neoplastic or non-neoplastic disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes, and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms arising as a result of the mutagenic effect of chemotherapy agents and/or radiation that are used for the treatment of neoplastic or non-neoplastic disorders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acute Myeloid Leukaemias and Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Therapy-Related","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy related myeloid neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related AML and MDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Therapy-related Myeloid Neoplasms","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1292776"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9920/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapy-Related_Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_and_Myelodysplastic_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Therapy related myeloid neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Therapy-related myeloid neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9920/3"}]}}{"C27754":{"preferredName":"Alkylating Agent-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","code":"C27754","definitions":[{"description":"Acute myeloid leukemia occurring as late complication of prior therapy with alkylating agents.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alkylating Agent Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alkylating Agent-Related AML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alkylating Agent-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Alkylating Agent-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia, alkylating agent related","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1321724"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alkylating_Agent-Related_Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia, alkylating agent related"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia, epipodophyllotoxin-related"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9920/3"}]}}{"C8252":{"preferredName":"Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","code":"C8252","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia arising as a result of the mutagenic effect of chemotherapy agents and/or ionizing radiation. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"High-Grade Treatment-Related Myeloid Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment Related AML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment Related Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment related AML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Treatment related acute myeloid leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Treatment-Related AML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment-Related Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Treatment-related Acute Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"t-AML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336735"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9920/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapy-Related_Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9920/3"}]}}{"C3520":{"preferredName":"Myeloid Sarcoma","code":"C3520","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of myeloblasts or immature myeloid cells. It occurs in extramedullary sites or the bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant, green-colored tumor of myeloid cells (a type of immature white blood cell). This tumor is usually associated with myelogenous leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tumor mass composed of myeloblasts or immature myeloid cells. It occurs in extramedullary sites or the bone. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A tumor mass composed of myeloblasts or immature myeloid cells. It occurs in extramedullary sites or the bone. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chloroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Chloroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Chloroma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extramedullary Myeloid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Extramedullary Myeloid Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MYELOID_SARCOMA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Myeloid Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Myeloid Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Myeloid Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Myeloid Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Myeloid sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"SARCOMA, MYELOID, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"chloroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL414320"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9930/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myeloid_Sarcoma"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Myeloid Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid sarcoma without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid sarcoma, not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9930/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chloroma"}]}}{"C35815":{"preferredName":"Granulocytic Sarcoma","code":"C35815","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm composed of myeloblasts, neutrophils and neutrophil precursors.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A malignant, green-colored tumor of myeloid cells (a type of immature white blood cell). This tumor is usually associated with myelogenous leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tumor mass composed of myeloblasts, neutrophils and neutrophil precursors. Granulocytic sarcoma is the most common type of myeloid sarcoma. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Granulocytic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Granulocytic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granulocytic sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"SARCOMA, GRANULOCYTIC, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"granulocytic sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0152276"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Granulocytic_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granulocytic sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9930/3"}]}}{"C4344":{"preferredName":"Acute Panmyelosis with Myelofibrosis","code":"C4344","definitions":[{"description":"An acute myeloid leukemia characterized by bone marrow fibrosis without preexisting primary myelofibrosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APMF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute (Malignant) Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute (Malignant) Myelosclerosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Myelosclerosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Panmyelosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Panmyelosis with Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Panmyelosis with Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Acute Panmyelosis with Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Acute myelofibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334674"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9931/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acute_Panmyelosis_with_Myelofibrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myelosclerosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute panmyelosis, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9931/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acute myelofibrosis"}]}}{"C7402":{"preferredName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia","code":"C7402","definitions":[{"description":"A rare type of leukemia in which abnormal B-lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) are present in the bone marrow, spleen, and peripheral blood. When viewed under a microscope, these cells appear to be covered with tiny hair-like projections.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A neoplasm of small B-lymphocytes with \"hairy\" projections in bone marrow, spleen, and peripheral blood. Most patients present with splenomegaly and pancytopenia. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HCL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hairy Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Hairy cell leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hairy cell leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Leukemic Reticuloendotheliosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leukemic reticuloendotheliosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"hairy cell leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023443"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9940/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hairy_Cell_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hairy cell leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Leukemic reticuloendotheliosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9940/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hairy cell leukemia"}]}}{"C3178":{"preferredName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia","code":"C3178","definitions":[{"description":"A slowly progressing type of myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disease in which too many myelomonocytes (a type of white blood cell) are in the bone marrow, crowding out other normal blood cells, such as other white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm which is characterized by persistent monocytosis, absence of a Philadelphia chromosome and BCR/ABL fusion gene, fewer than 20 percent blasts in the bone marrow and blood, myelodysplasia, and absence of PDGFRA or PDGFRB rearrangement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CMML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CMML","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"chronic myelomonocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023480"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9945/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chronic_Myelomonocytic_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in transformation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Monocytic leukemia, chronic"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic monocytic leukemia without mention of having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9945/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia"}]}}{"C9233":{"preferredName":"Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia","code":"C9233","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm of childhood that is principally characterized by proliferation of the granulocytic and monocytic lineages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A rare form of childhood leukemia in which cancer cells often spread into tissues such as the skin, lung, and intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm of childhood that is characterized by proliferation principally of the granulocytic and monocytic lineages. Myelomonocytic proliferation is seen in the bone marrow and the blood. The leukemic cells may infiltrate any tissue, however liver, spleen, lymph nodes, skin, and respiratory tract are the most common sites of involvement. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"JCML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JMML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"JMML","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"JMML","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Juvenile Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Chronic Myeloid Leukemia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0349639"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9946/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Juvenile_Myelomonocytic_Leukemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, not having achieved remission"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9946/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Juvenile chronic myelomonocytic leukemia"}]}}{"C8647":{"preferredName":"Aggressive NK-Cell Leukemia","code":"C8647","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, highly aggressive, Epstein-Barr virus-associated leukemia, also known as aggressive NK-cell leukemia/lymphoma; it may represent the leukemic counterpart of nasal type extranodal NK/T-cell lymphomas. It affects primarily teenagers and young adults. It is characterized by the systemic proliferation of NK cells in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, liver, and spleen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aggressive NK-Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Aggressive NK-Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aggressive NK-Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Aggressive NK-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Aggressive NK-cell leukaemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"NK Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NK-Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Natural Killer Cell Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1292777"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9948/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aggressive_NK-Cell_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aggressive NK-cell leukaemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Aggressive NK-cell leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9948/3"}]}}{"C3336":{"preferredName":"Polycythemia Vera","code":"C3336","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which there are too many red blood cells in the bone marrow and blood, causing the blood to thicken. The number of white blood cells and platelets may also increase. The extra blood cells may collect in the spleen and cause it to become enlarged. They may also cause bleeding problems and make clots form in blood vessels.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by an increased red blood cell production. The bone marrow is hypercellular due to a panmyelotic proliferation typically characterized by pleomorphic megakaryocytes. The major symptoms are related to hypertension, splenomegaly or to episodes of thrombosis and/or hemorrhage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polycythemia Rubra Vera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polycythemia Vera","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Polycythemia Vera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Polycythemia Vera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polycythemia Vera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Polycythemia Vera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Polycythemia rubra vera","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Polycythemia vera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Polycythemia vera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"polycythemia vera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0032463"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9950/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polycythemia_Vera"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Polycythemia Vera"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Polycythemia vera"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Proliferative polycythemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9950/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Polycythemia rubra vera"}]}}{"C2862":{"preferredName":"Primary Myelofibrosis","code":"C2862","definitions":[{"description":"A progressive, chronic disease in which the bone marrow is replaced by fibrous tissue and blood is made in organs such as the liver and the spleen, instead of in the bone marrow. This disease is marked by an enlarged spleen and progressive anemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by bone marrow fibrosis, proliferation of atypical megakaryocytes and granulocytes in the bone marrow, anemia, splenomegaly, and extramedullary hematopoiesis. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AMM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"CIMF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Idiopathic Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Bone Marrow Fibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelosclerosis with Myeloid Metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelosclerosis with myeloid metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Primary Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Primary Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Primary Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Primary Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Myelofibrosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Primary myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"agnogenic myeloid metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"idiopathic myelofibrosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"myelosclerosis with myeloid metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001815"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9961/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chronic_Idiopathic_Myelofibrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelofibrosis as a result of myeloproliferative disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary myelofibrosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelosclerosis with myeloid metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9961/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Megakaryocytic myelosclerosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis"}]}}{"C3407":{"preferredName":"Essential Thrombocythemia","code":"C3407","definitions":[{"description":"A chronic condition that involves primarily the megakaryocytic lineage. It is characterized by sustained thrombocytosis in the blood, increased numbers of large, mature megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, and elevated risk for thrombosis and/or hemorrhage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"An increased number of thrombocytes (platelets) in the blood, without a known cause.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm that involves primarily the megakaryocytic lineage. It is characterized by sustained thrombocytosis in the blood, increased numbers of large, mature megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, and episodes of thrombosis and/or hemorrhage. (WHO, 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ET","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocytemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocythemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocythemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocythemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocythemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocythemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocythemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Essential Thrombocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Essential thrombocythemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Essential thrombocythemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Idiopathic Thrombocythemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Idiopathic thrombocythemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Primary Thrombocythemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Thrombocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"essential thrombocythemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"essential thrombocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040028"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9962/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Essential_Thrombocythemia"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Essential Thrombocythemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Idiopathic hemorrhagic thrombocythaemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Essential thrombocythemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Idiopathic thrombocythemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Essential (haemorrhagic) thrombocythaemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9962/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Essential hemorrhagic thrombocythaemia"}]}}{"C3179":{"preferredName":"Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia","code":"C3179","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which too many neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) are found in the blood. The extra neutrophils may cause the spleen and liver to become enlarged. Chronic neutrophilic leukemia may stay the same for many years or it may progress quickly to acute leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A rare chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by neutrophilic leukocytosis. There is no detectable Philadelphia chromosome or BCR/ABL fusion gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Chronic neutrophilic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neutrophilic Leukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"chronic neutrophilic leukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023481"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9963/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Chronic_Neutrophilic_Leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Chronic neutrophilic leukemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9963/3"}]}}{"C27038":{"preferredName":"Hypereosinophilic Syndrome","code":"C27038","definitions":[{"description":"A syndrome characterized by persistent eosinophilia, for which no underlying cause can be found, and which is associated with signs of organ involvement and dysfunction. This term has often been applied to cases of chronic eosinophilic leukemia. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hyper Eosinophilic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypereosinophilic Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hypereosinophilic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypereosinophilic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Hypereosinophilic syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1540912"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9964/3"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hypereosinophilic_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hypereosinophilic syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9964/3"}]}}{"C84275":{"preferredName":"Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with PDGFRA Rearrangement","code":"C84275","definitions":[{"description":"Hematologic neoplasms characterized by the rearrangement of the PDGFRA gene, most often resulting in the formation of FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion transcripts. Patients usually present with chronic eosinophilic leukemia, and less often with acute myeloid leukemia or T-lymphoblastic leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myeloid and Lymphoid Neoplasms with PDGFRA Rearrangement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with PDGFRA rearrangement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with PDGFRA Rearrangement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2827360"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9965/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with PDGFRA rearrangement"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid or lymphoid neoplasm with PDGFRA rearrangement"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9965/3"}]}}{"C84276":{"preferredName":"Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with PDGFRB Rearrangement","code":"C84276","definitions":[{"description":"Myeloid and rarely lymphoid neoplasms characterized by the rearrangement of the PDGFRB gene, most often resulting in the formation of ETV6-PDGFRB fusion transcripts. Patients usually present with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and less often with atypical chronic myeloid leukemia, or chronic eosinophilic leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Myeloid Neoplasms with PDGFRB Rearrangement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid and Lymphoid Neoplasms with PDGFRB Rearrangement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid neoplasms with PDGFRB rearrangement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with PDGFRB Rearrangement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3472621"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9966/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid neoplasms with PDGFRB rearrangement"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9966/3"}]}}{"C84277":{"preferredName":"Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with FGFR1 Rearrangement","code":"C84277","definitions":[{"description":"Hematologic neoplasms characterized by the rearrangement of the FGFR1 gene, resulting in translocations with an 8p11 breakpoint. Patients present with a myeloproliferative neoplasm, acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia of T or B-cell lineage, or acute leukemia of mixed phenotype.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"8p11 Myeloproliferative Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8p11 Stem Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8p11 Stem Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"8p11 Stem Cell Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid and Lymphoid Neoplasms with FGFR1 Rearrangement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with FGFR1 abnormalities","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with FGFR1 Rearrangement","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL497893"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9967/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with FGFR1 abnormalities"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myeloid or lymphoid neoplasm with FGFR1 abnormalities"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9967/3"}]}}{"C9308":{"preferredName":"Lymphoproliferative Disorder","code":"C9308","definitions":[{"description":"A disease in which cells of the lymphatic system grow excessively. Lymphoproliferative disorders are often treated like cancer.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by proliferation of lymphocytes at various stages of differentiation. Lymphoproliferative disorders can be neoplastic (clonal, as in lymphomas and leukemias) or reactive (polyclonal, as in infectious mononucleosis).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymphoproliferative disease, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lymphoproliferative disorder, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"lymphoproliferative disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024314"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9970/1"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphoproliferative_Disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoproliferative disease, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymphoproliferative disorder, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9970/1"}]}}{"C4727":{"preferredName":"Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder","code":"C4727","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which a group of B-cells grow out of control after an organ transplant in patients with weakened immune systems. This usually happens if the patient has also been infected with Epstein-Barr virus. Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder may progress to non-Hodgkin lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Abnormal proliferation of B lymphocytes as a complication of immunosuppression occurring after solid organ or allogenic stem cell transplantation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a polyclonal (benign) or clonal (malignant) proliferation of lymphoid cells that develops as a consequence of immunosuppression in a recipient of a solid organ or bone marrow allograft. PTLDs comprise a spectrum ranging from early, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven polyclonal lymphoid proliferations to EBV-positive or EBV- negative lymphomas of predominantly B-cell or less often T-cell type. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PTLD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PTLD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"PTLD, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0432487"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9971/1"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Post-Transplant_Lymphoproliferative_Disorder"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9971/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"PTLD, NOS"}]}}{"C7183":{"preferredName":"Polymorphic Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder","code":"C7183","definitions":[{"description":"A clonal B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder arising as a result of post-transplant immunosuppression therapy. It is characterized by destructive infiltration of lymph nodes and extranodal sites by a polymorphic B-cell infiltrate composed of small and medium sized lymphocytes, immunoblasts, and plasma cells. In some cases, reduction of the immunosuppression therapy may lead to regression of the lesions. In other cases the lesions may progress to lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Polymorphic B-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymorphic PTLD","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymorphic Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Polymorphic Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1301361"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9971/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Polymorphic_Post-Transplant_Lymphoproliferative_Disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Polymorphic post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9971/3"}]}}{"C27780":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Unclassifiable","code":"C27780","definitions":[{"description":"This entity includes cases that have clinical, laboratory, and morphologic features that support the diagnosis of both a myelodysplastic syndrome and a myeloproliferative neoplasm, but do not meet the criteria for any of the other entities included in the myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm category. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDS/MPD, U","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDS/MPD-U","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDS/MPN, U","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDS/MPN-U","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Disease, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Myeloproliferative/Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Disease, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm, unclassifiable","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Unclassifiable Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unclassifiable Myeloproliferative/Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1328061"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9975/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myelodysplastic_Myeloproliferative_Disease_Unclassifiable"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm, unclassifiable"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myloproliferative neoplasm, unclassifiable"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9975/3"}]}}{"C2872":{"preferredName":"Refractory Anemia","code":"C2872","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized mainly by dysplasia of the erythroid series. Refractory anemia is uncommon. It is primarily a disease of older adults. The median survival exceeds 5 years. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aregenerative Anemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Refractory anemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0002893"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9980/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Refractory_Anemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Refractory anaemia, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Refractory anemia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9980/3"}]}}{"C4036":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Ring Sideroblasts","code":"C4036","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by an anemia in which 15% or more of the erythroid precursors are ring sideroblasts. The ring sideroblast is an erythroid precursor in which one third or more of the nucleus is encircled by granules which are positive for iron stain. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDS-RS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Ring Sideroblasts","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Ring Sideroblasts","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pure Sideroblastic Anemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RARS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RARS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with Ring Sideroblasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with Ringed Sideroblasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1264195"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9982/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Refractory_Anemia_with_Ringed_Sideroblasts"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Refractory anemia with sideroblasts"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9982/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"RARS"}]}}{"C82616":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm with Ring Sideroblasts and Thrombocytosis","code":"C82616","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm with morphologic and clinical characteristics of refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts, marked thrombocytosis, and abnormal megakaryocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Essential Thrombocythemia with Ring Sideroblasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDS/MPN with Ring Sideroblasts and Thrombocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDS/MPN-RS-T","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm with Ring Sideroblasts and Thrombocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RARS-T","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with Ring Sideroblasts Associated with Marked Thrombocytosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts associated with marked thrombocytosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826330"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9982/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Refractory_Anemia_with_Ring_Sideroblasts_Associated_with_Marked_Thrombocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts associated with marked thrombocytosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9982/3"}]}}{"C7506":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts","code":"C7506","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by the presence of 5-19% myeloblasts in the bone marrow or 2-19% blasts in the peripheral blood. It includes two categories: myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts-1 and myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts-2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDS-EB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAEB","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAEB","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with an Excess of Blasts","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory anemia with excess blasts","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0002894"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9983/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Refractory_Anemia_with_Excess_Blasts"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Refractory anemia with excess blasts"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Refractory anaemia with excess of blasts"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Refractory anemia with excess of blasts, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9983/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"RAEB"}]}}{"C27080":{"preferredName":"Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts in Transformation","code":"C27080","definitions":[{"description":"Refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-T) is characterised by dysplastic features of the myeloid and usually erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow and an increased number of myeloblasts in the peripheral blood. The peripheral blood blast count ranges from 20% to 30%. RAEB-T used to be a subcategory of myelodysplastic syndromes in the past. Recently, the term has been eliminated from the WHO based classification of myelodysplastic syndromes. The reason is that the percentage of peripheral blood blasts required for the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia has been reduced to 20%. The elimination of the RAEB-T term by the WHO experts has created confusion and ongoing arguments. Currently, according to WHO classification, the vast majority of RAEB-T cases are best classified as acute leukemias (acute leukemias with multilineage dysplasia following myelodysplastic syndrome). A minority of cases are part of RAEB-2.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RAEB-T","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAEB-T","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts in Transformation","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts in Transformation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0280028"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9984/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Refractory_Anemia_with_Excess_Blasts_in_Transformation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"RAEB-T"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9984/3"}]}}{"C8574":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Multilineage Dysplasia","code":"C8574","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by bi-cytopenia or pancytopenia and dysplastic changes in 10% or more of the cells in two or more of the myeloid cell lines. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDS-MLD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RCMD","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Cytopenia with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Cytopenia with Multilineage Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0796466"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9985/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Refractory_Cytopenia_with_Multilineage_Dysplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelodysplastic syndrome with multilineage dysplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9985/3"}]}}{"C82596":{"preferredName":"Refractory Cytopenia of Childhood","code":"C82596","definitions":[{"description":"The most common subtype of the myelodysplastic syndromes affecting children. It is characterized by persistent cytopenia with less than 5% blasts in the bone marrow and less than 2% blasts in the peripheral blood. Most cases are associated with a normal karyotype, however, when abnormal, monosomy 7 is the most frequently seen cytogenetic abnormality.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The most common subtype of the myelodysplastic syndromes affecting children. It is characterized by persistent cytopenia with less than 5% blasts in the bone marrow and less than 2% blasts in the peripheral blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RCC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Refractory Cytopenia of Childhood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Cytopenia of Childhood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Refractory cytopenia of childhood","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826323"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9985/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Refractory_Cytopenia_of_Childhood"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Refractory Cytopenia of Childhood"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Refractory cytopenia of childhood"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9985/3"}]}}{"C6867":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Isolated del(5q)","code":"C6867","definitions":[{"description":"A rare disorder caused by loss of part of the long arm (Q arm) of human chromosome 5. This syndrome affects myeloid (bone marrow) cells, causing treatment-resistant anemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes that may lead to acute myelogenous leukemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by a deletion between bands q31 and 33 on chromosome 5. The number of blasts in the bone marrow and blood is <5%. The bone marrow is usually hypercellular or normocellular with increased number of often hypolobated megakaryocytes. The peripheral blood shows macrocytic anemia. This syndrome occurs predominantly but not exclusively in middle age to older women. The prognosis is good and transformation to acute leukemia is rare. (WHO, 2001)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"5Q minus syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"5Q- syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"5q- Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome Associated with Isolated del (5q) Chromosome Abnormality","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with 5q Deletion","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Isolated del(5q)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Isolated del(5q)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Isolated del(5q)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Isolated del(5q)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic syndrome with 5q deletion (5q-) syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic syndrome with isolated del (5q)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1292779"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9986/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myelodysplastic_Syndrome_Associated_with_Isolated_del_5q_Chromosome_Abnormality"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelodysplastic syndrome with isolated del (5q)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelodysplastic syndrome with 5q deletion (5q-) syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelodysplastic syndrome with isolated del(5q) chromosomal abnormality"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9986/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelodysplastic syndrome with 5q deletion"}]}}{"C27722":{"preferredName":"Therapy-Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","code":"C27722","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome caused by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Therapy Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related MDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"t-MDS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1292780"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9987/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Therapy-Related_Myelodysplastic_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9987/3"}]}}{"C7643":{"preferredName":"Alkylating Agent-Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","code":"C7643","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder seen following cancer chemotherapy. It is the most common cause of therapy-related myelodysplastic syndromes. It typically manifests several years after initiation of single or multi-agent chemotherapy with alkylators. Mutagenic potential of alkylating agents is believed to be age and cumulative dose-dependent. Deletions in chromosomes 5 and 7 are associated with susceptibility to this disorder. Clinical signs may include fatigue, dyspnea, bruising and frequent infections. Clinical course may progress to bone marrow failure or acute myeloid leukemia that is refractory to treatment. Prognosis is dismal with survivability usually less than one year.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alkylating Agent Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Alkylating Agent-Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome, alkylating agent related","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1332235"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Alkylating_Agent-Related_Myelodysplastic_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome, alkylating agent related"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9987/3"}]}}{"C7642":{"preferredName":"Epipodophyllotoxin-Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","code":"C7642","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder seen following cancer chemotherapy. It typically manifests a few years after initiation of epipodophyllotoxin chemotherapy. Mutagenic potential of these non-intercalating DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors is believed to be increased with concurrent use of asparaginase or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Balanced translocations involving chromosomal bands 11q23 and 21q22 are commonly associated with this disorder. Clinical signs may include fatigue, dyspnea, bruising and frequent infections. Clinical course usually progresses to acute myeloid leukemia though most epipodophyllotoxin-related leukemias do not have an antecedent myelodysplastic phase. Prognosis is dismal with survivability usually less than one year.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epipodophyllotoxin Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epipodophyllotoxin-Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome, epipodophyllotoxin-related","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1333418"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epipodophyllotoxin-Related_Myelodysplastic_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome, epipodophyllotoxin-related"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9987/3"}]}}{"C8648":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Unclassifiable","code":"C8648","definitions":[{"description":"A subtype of myelodysplastic syndrome which initially lacks findings appropriate for classification into any other myelodysplastic category. There are no specific morphologic findings. The diagnosis can be made in the following instances: 1. in cases of refractory cytopenia with unilineage dysplasia or refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia but with 1% blasts in the peripheral blood; 2: in cases of myelodysplastic syndrome with unilineage dysplasia which are associated with pancytopenia; 3: in cases with persistent cytopenia (s) with 1% or fewer blasts in the blood and fewer than 5% in the bone marrow, unequivocal dysplasia in less than 10% of the cells in one or more myeloid lineages, and cytogenetic abnormalities considered as presumptive evidence of myelodysplastic syndrome. (WHO, 2008)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDS, U","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MDS-U","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Unclassifiable","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic syndrome, unclassifiable","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Unclassifiable MDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Unclassifiable Myelodysplastic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0854809"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9989/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myelodysplastic_Syndrome_Unclassifiable"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myelodysplastic syndrome, unclassifiable"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9989/3"}]}}{"C82593":{"preferredName":"Refractory Neutropenia","code":"C82593","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by the presence of at least 10% dysplastic neutrophils in the bone marrow or the peripheral blood.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Neutropenia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory neutropenia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826320"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9991/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Refractory_Neutropenia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Refractory neutropenia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9991/3"}]}}{"C82594":{"preferredName":"Refractory Thrombocytopenia","code":"C82594","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by the presence of at least 10% dysplastic megakaryocytes, found within at least 30 megakaryocytes examined in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory Thrombocytopenia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Refractory thrombocytopenia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2826321"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9992/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Refractory_Thrombocytopenia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Refractory thrombocytopenia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9992/3"}]}}{"C40081":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Clear Cell Adenofibroma","code":"C40081","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm with low malignant potential affecting the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of atypical glands and/or cystic spaces lined with clear or hobnail cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Clear Cell Adenofibroma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Clear cell adenofibroma of borderline malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511258"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8313/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Ovarian_Clear_Cell_Adenofibroma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell adenofibroma of borderline malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8313/1"}]}}{"C37212":{"preferredName":"Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas","code":"C37212","definitions":[{"description":"A low-grade malignant neoplasm that arises from the exocrine pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of uniform cells that form solid and pseudopapillary patterns, cystic changes, and hemorrhage. Perineural invasion, vascular invasion, and invasion into surrounding tissues may be present. It usually presents as an encapsulated, solitary, and lobulated pancreatic mass. It is usually found incidentally during physical examination or it may present with abdominal discomfort and pain. It occurs predominantly in young women. Complete removal of the tumor is curative in the majority of cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Frantz Tumor","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor of the Pancreas","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336030"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8452/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Solid_Pseudopapillary_Tumor_of_the_Pancreas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solid pseudopapillary tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8452/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8452/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of pancreas"}]}}{"C95493":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Mucinous-Cystic Neoplasm, High Grade","code":"C95493","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the pancreas and is characterized by the presence of severe dysplasia. The neoplastic columnar mucin-producing epithelial cells form papillae with irregular branching and budding. There is nuclear stratification, prominent nucleoli, and cellular pleomorphism. Mitotic activity is present and the mitoses may be atypical.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucinous cystic neoplasm with high-grade dysplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mucinous-Cystic Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mucinous-Cystic Neoplasm, High Grade","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mucinous-Cystic Neoplasm, High-Grade","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987185"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8470/2"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous cystic neoplasm with high grade dysplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous cystic neoplasm with high-grade dysplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8470/2"}]}}{"C36084":{"preferredName":"Invasive Breast Micropapillary Carcinoma","code":"C36084","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of clusters of malignant cells located within artifactual clear stromal spaces that resemble vascular spaces.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Breast Micropapillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Invasive Breast Micropapillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3838947"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Invasive_Micropapillary_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8507/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Invasive micropapillary carcinoma"}]}}{"C66754":{"preferredName":"Small Congenital Melanocytic Nevus","code":"C66754","definitions":[{"description":"A congenital nevus of small size, with a diameter smaller than 1.5 cm. It presents as a macular, papular or plaque-like lesion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Small Congenital Melanocytic Nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Small congenital nevus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1883045"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8761/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Small_Congenital_Melanocytic_Nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small congenital nevus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8761/0"}]}}{"C45716":{"preferredName":"NUT Carcinoma","code":"C45716","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, highly aggressive and lethal carcinoma that affects children and young adults. It arises from midline epithelial structures, most commonly the head, neck, and mediastinum. It is a poorly differentiated carcinoma and is characterized by mutations and rearrangement of the NUT gene. A balanced translocation t(15;19) is present that results in the creation of a fusion gene involving the NUT gene, most commonly BRD4-NUT fusion gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma with t(15;19)(q13;p13.1) Translocation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Midline Carcinoma of Children and Young Adults with NUT Rearrangement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Midline carcinoma of children and young adults with NUT rearrangement","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"NMC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUT Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"NUT Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUT Midline Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NUT carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"NUT midline carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nuclear Protein in Testis (NUT) Midline Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nuclear Protein in Testis Midline Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707291"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carcinoma_with_t_15_19_q13_p13_1_Translocation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"NUT midline carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nuclear protein in testis (NUT)-associated carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Midline carcinoma of children and young adults with NUT rearrangement"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"NUT carcinoma"}]}}{"C27683":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-Related Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C27683","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-Related Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papilloma Virus Related Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papilloma Virus-Related Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-Related Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous cell carcinoma, HPV-positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334057"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Human_Papilloma_Virus-Related_Squamous_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous cell carcinoma, HPV-positive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous cell carcinoma, HPV positive"}]}}{"C164250":{"preferredName":"Human Papillomavirus-Negative Squamous Cell Carcinoma","code":"C164250","definitions":[{"description":"A squamous cell carcinoma not associated with human papilloma virus infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HPV-Negative Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Papillomavirus-Negative Squamous Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Squamous cell carcinoma, HPV-negative","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL973823"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8086/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous cell carcinoma, HPV-negative"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamous cell carcinoma, HPV negative"}]}}{"C136716":{"preferredName":"Lung Non-Mucinous Adenocarcinoma In Situ","code":"C136716","definitions":[{"description":"Lung adenocarcinoma in situ characterized by the presence of type II pneumocyte and/or Clara cell differentiation. Almost all cases of lung adenocarcinoma in situ are non-mucinous.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung Non-Mucinous Adenocarcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554697"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma in situ, non-mucinous"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma in situ of lung, non-mucinous"}]}}{"C156122":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma, Encapsulated Angioinvasive","code":"C156122","definitions":[{"description":"An encapsulated follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland which shows angioinvasion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FTC, Encapsulated Angioinvasive","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), encapsulated angioinvasive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma, Encapsulated Angioinvasive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL562836"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), encapsulated angioinvasive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Follicular carcinoma, encapsulated, angioinvasive"}]}}{"C126598":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Noninvasive Follicular Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features","code":"C126598","definitions":[{"description":"A benign or malignant thyroid tumor arising from follicular cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A non-invasive neoplasm of thyroid follicular cells with a follicular growth pattern and nuclear features of papillary thyroid carcinoma that has an extremely low malignant potential. These tumors were formerly classified as non-invasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma or well-differentiated tumor of uncertain malignant potential. (WHO 2017)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular Thyroid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"NIEFVPTC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NIFTP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Noninvasive Encapsulated Follicular Variant Papillary Thyroid Gland Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noninvasive Encapsulated Follicular Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Gland Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Noninvasive Follicular Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Noninvasive Follicular Tumor with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL505049"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Follicular Thyroid Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-invasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (non-invasive EFVPTC)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-invasive EFVPTC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Non-invasive FTP"}]}}{"C4654":{"preferredName":"Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia","code":"C4654","definitions":[{"description":"An endometrial hyperplasia characterized by cytologic and architectural changes which may lead to endometrial carcinoma. Despite the atypical features and possible course, there is debate on whether to consider this a neoplasm. The relationship with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia is also unclear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Hyperplasia of Endometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Hyperplasia of the Endometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical hyperplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Endometrial Hyperplasia with Atypia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0349579"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Endometrial_Hyperplasia"}]}}{"C122585":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Serous Tumor-Micropapillary Variant/Non-Invasive Low Grade Ovarian Serous Carcinoma","code":"C122585","definitions":[{"description":"A non-invasive serous neoplasm that arises from the ovary and shows micropapillary and/or cribriform architectural patterns. It is composed of round epithelial cells with scant cytoplasm and moderate nuclear atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Serous Tumor-Micropapillary Variant/Non-Invasive Low Grade Ovarian Serous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4055371"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous borderline tumor-micropapillary variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Low grade serous carcinoma"}]}}{"C7281":{"preferredName":"Borderline Ovarian Seromucinous Tumor/Atypical Proliferative Ovarian Seromucinous Tumor","code":"C7281","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade, non-invasive mixed epithelial proliferative neoplasm that arises from the ovary. It is composed predominantly of serous and endocervical-type mucinous cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Borderline Ovarian Seromucinous Tumor/Atypical Proliferative Ovarian Seromucinous Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1332596"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8323/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Borderline_Ovarian_Mixed_Epithelial_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Seromucinous borderline tumor"}]}}{"C40090":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Seromucinous Carcinoma","code":"C40090","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant mixed epithelial neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is composed predominantly of serous and endocervical-type mucinous epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Seromucinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Ovarian Seromucinous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279392"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Ovarian_Mixed_Epithelial_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Seromucinous carcinoma"}]}}{"C6870":{"preferredName":"Breast Solid Papillary Carcinoma","code":"C6870","definitions":[{"description":"A well circumscribed, low grade neoplasm that arises from the breast. It is characterized by the presence of sheets of malignant epithelial cells that are supported by fibrovascular structures. When there is an invasive component present, it is usually a mucinous carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Solid Papillary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solid Papillary Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solid Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336027"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Solid_Papillary_Carcinoma_of_the_Breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solid papillary carcinoma in situ"}]}}{"C66850":{"preferredName":"Follicular Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma, Encapsulated Subtype with Invasion","code":"C66850","definitions":[{"description":"A papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland which is encapsulated and resembles an encapsulated follicular neoplasm. Capsular invasion is present. The malignant follicular cells display the nuclear features that characterize the papillary adenocarcinomas of the thyroid gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Follicular Variant Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma, Encapsulated Subtype with Invasion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (invasive EFVPTC)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Solid papillary carcinoma with invasion","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1880498"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8343/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Encapsulated_Thyroid_Gland_Papillary_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solid papillary carcinoma with invasion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8509/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Encapsulated papillary carcinoma with invasion"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Invasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (invasive EFVPTC)"}]}}{"C137839":{"preferredName":"Breast Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","code":"C137839","definitions":[{"description":"Breast lobular carcinoma in situ characterized by the presence of neoplastic large cells with marked nuclear pleomorphism.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Invasive Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PLCIS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Lobular Breast Carcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524883"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NCCN"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in situ"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lobular carcinoma in situ, pleomorphic"}]}}{"C5241":{"preferredName":"Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","code":"C5241","definitions":[{"description":"A biphasic tumor that arises from the ovary or the testis. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic germ cells and neoplastic sex cord-stromal cells; examples include the gonadoblastoma and mixed germ cell-sex cord stromal tumor, unclassifiable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A biphasic neoplasm that arises from the ovary or the testis. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic germ cells and neoplastic sex cord-stromal cells. It includes the gonadoblastoma and mixed germ cell-sex cord stromal tumor, unclassifiable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord-Stromal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1321220"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Germ_Cell-Sex_Cord-Stromal_Tumor"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8594/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed germ cell-sex cord-stromal tumor, NOS"}]}}{"C121792":{"preferredName":"Malignant PEComa","code":"C121792","definitions":[{"description":"A usually large and aggressive tumor with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation characterized by the presence of marked nuclear atypia, pleomorphism, increased mitotic activity, necrosis, and infiltrative margins. The most common metastatic sites are liver, lungs, lymph nodes, and bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant PEComa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant PEComa, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant PEComa, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PEComa, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3839062"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Perivascular epithelioid tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"PEComa, malignant"}]}}{"C49025":{"preferredName":"Myxoinflammatory Fibroblastic Sarcoma","code":"C49025","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade, locally aggressive, fibroblastic neoplasm that occurs primarily in the distal extremities. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts, multivacuolated lipoblast-like cells, bizarre ganglion-like cells with inclusion-like nuclei, myxoid stroma formation, and a mixture of acute and chronic inflammatory cells. Distant metastases are very rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acral Myxoinflammatory Fibroblastic Sarcoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Myxohyaline Tumor of the Distal Extremities with Virocyte/Reed-Sternberg-Like Cells","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inflammatory Myxoid Tumor of the Soft Parts with Bizarre Giant Cells","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MIFS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoinflammatory Fibroblastic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Myxoinflammatory Fibroblastic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma (MIFS)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709103"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myxoinflammatory_Fibroblastic_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma (MIFS)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma"}]}}{"C129528":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 2","code":"C129528","definitions":[{"description":"A solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma that arises from the central nervous system. 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It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped myofibroblasts and collagenous stroma formation in a storiform growth pattern. Metastasis is very rare.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Low Grade Myofibroblastic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Myofibroblastic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myofibroblastic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myofibroblastic sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Myofibrosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708751"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8825/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Low_Grade_Myofibroblastic_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Myofibroblastic sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8825/3"}]}}{"C142827":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Myxoid Sarcoma with EWSR1-CREB1 Translocation","code":"C142827","definitions":[{"description":"A sarcoma that arises from the lung. It is related to a bronchus and is often predominantly endobronchial. It is characterized by the proliferation of round and spindle cells within a myxoid stroma. 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It presents with non-specific obstructive nasal symptoms. Morphologically, it is an infiltrative, cellular spindle cell neoplasm. It is associated with rearrangement of the PAX3 gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BSNS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biphenotypic Sinonasal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biphenotypic Sinonasal Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Low Grade Sinonasal Sarcoma with Neural and Myogenic Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-Grade Sinonasal Sarcoma with Neural and Myogenic Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL977505"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9045/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma"}]}}{"C45733":{"preferredName":"Malignant Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor with Associated Hematologic Malignancy","code":"C45733","definitions":[{"description":"An extragonadal non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the mediastinum and is associated with a hematologic malignancy. The hematologic malignancies are clonally related to the malignant germ cell tumor and include acute leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms, and mastocytosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor with Associated Hematologic Malignancy","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708955"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mediastinal_Malignant_Germ_Cell_Tumor_with_Associated_Hematologic_Malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Germ cell tumors with associated hematological malignancy"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Germ cell tumor with associated hematological malignancy"}]}}{"C53677":{"preferredName":"Intimal Sarcoma","code":"C53677","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from the large blood vessels. It is characterized by the presence of tumor cells that grow within the lumen of the blood vessels. The intraluminal tumor growth may result in vascular obstruction and spread of tumor emboli to peripheral organs. The prognosis is usually poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intimal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intimal sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1708550"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intimal_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intimal sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9137/3"}]}}{"C129309":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3 K27M-Mutant","code":"C129309","definitions":[{"description":"A childhood diffuse midline glioma characterized by the presence of histone H3 K27M mutation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3 K27M-Mutant","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3 K27M-Mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27M-mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512144"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27M-mutant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9385/3"}]}}{"C129351":{"preferredName":"Ependymoma, RELA Fusion-Positive","code":"C129351","definitions":[{"description":"An ependymoma characterized by gene fusions involving RELA, a transcription factor involved in NK-kB pathway activity. It accounts for the majority of supratentorial ependymomas in children. It has an unfavorable outcome when compared to other ependymoma subtypes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ependymoma, RELA Fusion-Positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ependymoma, RELA fusion-positive","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512399"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ependymoma, RELA fusion positive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ependymoma, RELA fusion-positive"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9396/3"}]}}{"C167335":{"preferredName":"Glioblastoma, IDH-Mutant","code":"C167335","definitions":[{"description":"A glioblastoma associated with IDH1 or IDH2 gene mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glioblastoma, IDH-Mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Glioblastoma, IDH-mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL972314"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glioblastoma, IDH-mutant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9445/3"}]}}{"C129499":{"preferredName":"Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C129499","definitions":[{"description":"A central nervous system embryonal neoplasm characterized by the presence of histological features consistent with embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes and absence of C19MC amplification.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3267147"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9478/3"}]}}{"C12221":{"preferredName":"External Upper Lip","code":"C12221","definitions":[{"description":"The external surface of the upper lip. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The external surface of the upper lip.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"External Upper Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Upper Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"External upper lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"LIP, UPPER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0226936"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"External_Upper_Lip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"External upper lip"}]}}{"C12222":{"preferredName":"External Lower Lip","code":"C12222","definitions":[{"description":"The external surface of the lower lip. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The external surface of the lower lip.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"External Lower Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External Lower Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"External lower lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"LIP, LOWER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0226942"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"External_Lower_Lip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"External lower lip"}]}}{"C12223":{"preferredName":"External Lip","code":"C12223","definitions":[{"description":"One of two visible fleshy folds that surround the orifice of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"External Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"External lip, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0226926"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"External_Lip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"External lip, NOS"}]}}{"C12224":{"preferredName":"Mucosa of the Upper Lip","code":"C12224","definitions":[{"description":"The lining of the superior fleshy fold bordering the mouth. It is comprised of the epithelium, basement membrane, lamina propria mucosae, and lamina muscularis mucosae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucosa of Upper Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosa of the Upper Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosa of upper lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0226933"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucosa_of_the_Upper_Lip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucosa of upper lip"}]}}{"C12225":{"preferredName":"Mucosa of the Lower Lip","code":"C12225","definitions":[{"description":"The lining of the inferior fleshy fold bordering the mouth. It is comprised of the epithelium, basement membrane, lamina propria mucosae, and lamina muscularis mucosae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mucosa of Lower Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosa of lower lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mucosa of the Lower Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0226939"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucosa_of_the_Lower_Lip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucosa of lower lip"}]}}{"C12226":{"preferredName":"Mucosa of the Lip","code":"C12226","definitions":[{"description":"The inner lining of the lips.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The lining of the fleshy folds surrounding the mouth. It is comprised of the epithelium, basement membrane, lamina propria mucosae, and lamina muscularis mucosae. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lining of the fleshy folds surrounding the mouth. It is comprised of the epithelium, basement membrane, lamina propria mucosae, and lamina muscularis mucosae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Labial Mucosa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUCOSA OF THE LIP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucosa of Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucosa of lip, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mucosa of the Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Non-Hair Bearing Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"labial mucosa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"ICD-O3: excludes skin of lip C44.0"},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0226927"},{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL415334"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Labial_Mucosa"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucosa_of_the_Lip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucosa of lip, NOS"}]}}{"C12227":{"preferredName":"Commissure of the Lip","code":"C12227","definitions":[{"description":"The junction of the upper and lower lips at the corner of the mouth. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The junction of the upper and lower lips at the corner of the mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Commissure of Lip","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Commissure of lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Commissure of the Lip","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"LABIAL JUNCTION","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Labial Commissure (Mouth)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Labial Junction","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0226924"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Commissure_of_the_Lip"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Commissure of lip"}]}}{"C32130":{"preferredName":"Apex of the Tongue","code":"C32130","definitions":[{"description":"The anterior extreme of the tongue which can be made pointed for sensing or probing and which rests against the lingual aspect of the incisor teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Apex of Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Apex of the Tongue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tip of Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tip of the Tongue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0226946"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Apex_of_the_Tongue"}]}}{"C32988":{"preferredName":"Lingual Tonsil","code":"C32988","definitions":[{"description":"A tonsil in the mucosa at the root of the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lymphoid follicles on the dorsal surface in the posterior region of the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lingual Tonsil","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lingual 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Gingiva","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower gum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227123"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lower_Gingiva"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lower gum"}]}}{"C94543":{"preferredName":"Tooth Socket","code":"C94543","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the bone cavities of the mandible or maxilla in which the roots of the teeth are anchored.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Alveolus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dental Alveolus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tooth Socket","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227130"}]}}{"C165195":{"preferredName":"Vestibule of Mouth","code":"C165195","definitions":[{"description":"The area inside the mouth between the cheek or lips, and the teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vestibule of Mouth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vestibule of mouth","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0226897"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Vestibule of mouth"}]}}{"C54223":{"preferredName":"Retromolar Trigone","code":"C54223","definitions":[{"description":"The small area behind the wisdom teeth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A triangular-shaped area of mucosa located posterior the last mandibular molar tooth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Retromolar Trigone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Retromolar area","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"retromolar trigone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0226920"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Retromolar_Trigone"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Retromolar area"}]}}{"C33129":{"preferredName":"Minor Salivary Gland","code":"C33129","definitions":[{"description":"A small salivary gland located in the oral cavity. 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(NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The bile ducts which are located within the liver. They include the small interlobular bile ducts, intrahepatic large bile ducts, and the intrahepatic portions of the left and right hepatic ducts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INTRAHEPATIC BILE DUCT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intrahepatic Bile Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intrahepatic bile duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"intrahepatic bile duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005401"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intrahepatic_Bile_Duct"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intrahepatic bile duct"}]}}{"C32202":{"preferredName":"Bile Canaliculus","code":"C32202","definitions":[{"description":"A thin tube within the liver that collect bile secreted by hepatocytes. Many canaliculi come together to form bile ductules that ultimately form the common hepatic duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bile Canaliculus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005393"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bile_Canaliculus"}]}}{"C32573":{"preferredName":"Extrahepatic Bile Duct","code":"C32573","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the common hepatic bile duct (tube that collects bile from the liver) that is outside the liver. This duct joins a duct from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct, which carries bile into the small intestine when food is being digested.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the biliary tract outside the liver; the common hepatic duct joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the biliary tract outside the liver; the common hepatic duct joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EXTRAHEPATIC BILE DUCT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Extrahepatic Bile Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Extrahepatic bile duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"extrahepatic bile duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206187"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Extrahepatic_Bile_Duct"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Extrahepatic bile duct"}]}}{"C13065":{"preferredName":"Sphincter of Oddi","code":"C13065","definitions":[{"description":"The muscle fibres around the opening of the common bile duct (ductus choledochus) into the duodenum at the papilla of Vater.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glisson's Sphincter","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oddi's Sphincter","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sphincter of Oddi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028872"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sphincter_of_Oddi"}]}}{"C32421":{"preferredName":"Cystic Duct","code":"C32421","definitions":[{"description":"A duct that conveys bile from the gallbladder to the common bile duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tube that carries bile from the gall bladder. It joins the common hepatic duct to form the common bile duct. It is part of the biliary duct system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A short duct attached to the gallbladder through which the bile from the gallbladder is secreted in the common bile duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cystic Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DUCT, CYSTIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"cystic duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010672"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cystic_Duct"}]}}{"C12678":{"preferredName":"Biliary Tract","code":"C12678","definitions":[{"description":"The duct system that transports bile from its origination by hepatocytes in the liver to the small intestine. It is comprised of the common bile duct that connects the liver and gall bladder to the small intestine and the cystic duct that connects the gall bladder to the common bile duct. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The organs and ducts that make and store bile (a fluid made by the liver that helps digest fat), and release it into the small intestine. The biliary tract includes the gallbladder and bile ducts inside and outside the liver.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The system that transports bile from the hepatocytes in the liver to the small intestine. It is comprised of the intrahepatic bile ducts, hepatic ducts, common bile duct, cystic duct, and the gallbladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BILIARY TRACT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bile Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary Tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biliary Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Biliary tract, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tract, Biliary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"biliary system","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"biliary tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0005423"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Biliary_Tract"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Biliary tract, NOS"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E11"}]}}{"C12269":{"preferredName":"Head of the Pancreas","code":"C12269","definitions":[{"description":"That portion of the pancreas lying in the concavity of the duodenum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"That portion of the pancreas lying in the concavity of the duodenum.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Head of Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Head of pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Head of the Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Head of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Head of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"PANCREAS, HEAD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pancreas Head","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Head","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227579"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Head_of_the_Pancreas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Head of pancreas"}]}}{"C12270":{"preferredName":"Body of the Pancreas","code":"C12270","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the pancreas from the point where it crosses the portal vein to the point where it enters the lienorenal ligament. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the pancreas from the point where it crosses the portal vein to the point where it enters the lienorenal ligament.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Body of Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Body of pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Body of the Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Body of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Body of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"PANCREAS, BODY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pancreas Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227582"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Body_of_the_Pancreas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Body of pancreas"}]}}{"C12271":{"preferredName":"Tail of the Pancreas","code":"C12271","definitions":[{"description":"The left extremity of the pancreas within the lienorenal ligament. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The left extremity of the pancreas within the lienorenal ligament.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PANCREAS, TAIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pancreas Tail","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Tail","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tail","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Tail of Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tail of pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Tail of the Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tail of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tail of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227590"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tail_of_the_Pancreas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tail of pancreas"}]}}{"C12272":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Duct","code":"C12272","definitions":[{"description":"A duct that conveys pancreatic secretions from the pancreas to the duodenum.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Part of a system of ducts in the pancreas. Pancreatic juices containing enzymes are released into these ducts and flow into the small intestine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A duct joining the pancreas to the common bile duct to supply pancreatic juices.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Canal of Wirsung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Main Pancreatic Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANCREATIC DUCT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"pancreatic duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030288"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pancreatic_Duct"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatic duct"}]}}{"C32487":{"preferredName":"Ductus Santorini","code":"C32487","definitions":[{"description":"An accessory pancreatic duct with two branches, one of which opens directly to the duodenum at the minor duodenal papilla while the other connects to the pancreatic duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Accessory Pancreatic Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductus Pancreaticus Accessorius","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ductus Santorini","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227573"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ductus_Santorini"}]}}{"C12608":{"preferredName":"Islet of Langerhans","code":"C12608","definitions":[{"description":"The pancreatic tissue that contains the islets of Langerhans. It is responsible for the production and secretions of the pancreatic hormones. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The pancreatic tissue that contains the islets of Langerhans. It is responsible for the production and secretions of the pancreatic hormones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endocrine Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endocrine Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Pancreatic Islet Cells","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Islands of Langerhans","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Islet Cells","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Islet of Langerhans","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Islets of Langerhans","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Islets of Langerhans","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Langerhans Islets","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PANCREAS, ENDOCRINE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Islets","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pars Endocrina Pancreatis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022131"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Islet_of_Langerhans"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Islets of Langerhans"}]}}{"C12273":{"preferredName":"Other Specified Parts of Pancreas","code":"C12273","definitions":[{"description":"Any component associated with the pancreas that is different from the one(s) previously specified or mentioned.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Other Specified Parts of Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Other specified parts of pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518669"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Other_Specified_Parts_of_Pancreas"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other specified parts of pancreas"}]}}{"C158551":{"preferredName":"Neck of the Pancreas","code":"C158551","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the pancreas that is the junction of the head and body of the pancreas; the portion of the pancreas that lies anterior to the aorta.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Neck of the Pancreas","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreas Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0447556"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pancreatic neck"}]}}{"C33178":{"preferredName":"Nostril","code":"C33178","definitions":[{"description":"One of the two channels of the nose, from the point where they divide to the external opening. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the two channels of the nose, from the point where they divide to the external opening.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"External Nare","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NOSTRIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Naris","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nostril","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nostril","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0595944"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nostril"}]}}{"C49593":{"preferredName":"Nasal Cartilage","code":"C49593","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the cartilaginous structures that provide structure and support to the nose.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nasal Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225415"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nasal_Cartilage"}]}}{"C33160":{"preferredName":"Nasal Septum","code":"C33160","definitions":[{"description":"The thin wall between the two nasal cavities. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The thin wall between the two nasal cavities.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NASAL SEPTUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nasal Septum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasal Septum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027432"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nasal_Septum"}]}}{"C49594":{"preferredName":"Nasal Turbinate","code":"C49594","definitions":[{"description":"The bone that protrudes into the nasal cavity from the skull, variably covered by respiratory, transitional or olfactory epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of three (Inferior, Middle, Superior) paired bony shelves located within the nasal cavity through which inhaled air is taken into the nasopharynx. It is lined with ciliated, pseudostratified columnar epithelium and functions to humidify, heat, and filter incoming air, as well as protecting the olfactory bulb and sinuses from incorrectly pressurized incoming air.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NASAL TURBINATE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nasal Concha","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nasal Turbinate","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasoturbinate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1266928"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nasal_Turbinate"}]}}{"C12274":{"preferredName":"Middle Ear","code":"C12274","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the ear including the eardrum and ossicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the ear including the eardrum and ossicles. The middle ear leads to the inner ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MIDDLE EAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Middle Ear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle ear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013455"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Middle_Ear"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Middle ear"}]}}{"C12500":{"preferredName":"Eustachian Tube","code":"C12500","definitions":[{"description":"A tubular structure that extends from the middle ear to the nasopharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tubular structure that runs from the middle ear to the nasopharynx and is approximately 3-4 cm length. Its lumen is roughly triangular and has average diameter of 2-3 mm. The lumen is lined by ciliated pseudostratified, columnar epithelium, which sweeps material from the middle ear to the nasopharynx. It is functionally collapsed at rest, with slight negative pressure present in the middle ear, and opens during swallowing, sneezing, and yawning. It serves to ventilate pressure differences between the middle ear and nasopharynx. This tube also allows middle ear secretions to drain into the nasopharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Auditory Tube","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Auditory Tube","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EUSTACHIAN TUBE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eustachian Tube","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pharyngotympanic Tube","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pharyngotympanic Tube","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tuba Auditoria","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tuba Auditoria","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015183"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Eustachian_Tube"}]}}{"C12499":{"preferredName":"Inner Ear","code":"C12499","definitions":[{"description":"The innermost portion of the ear that contains the vestibule, cochlea and semicircular canals.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the ear located within the temporal bone that is involved in both hearing and balance and includes the semicircular canals, vestibule, and cochlea. (from American Heritage Dictionary online)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EAR, INNER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"INNER EAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inner Ear","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Internal Ear","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Internal Ear","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Labyrinth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Labyrinth","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022889"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Internal_Ear"}]}}{"C12276":{"preferredName":"Ethmoid Sinus","code":"C12276","definitions":[{"description":"A sinus of the meatuses of the nasal cavity. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A type of paranasal sinus (a hollow space in the bones around the nose). Ethmoid sinuses are found in the spongy ethmoid bone in the upper part of the nose between the eyes. They are lined with cells that make mucus to keep the nose from drying out.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A sinus of the meatuses of the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETHMOID SINUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ethmoid Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethmoid Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ethmoid sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sinus, Ethmoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ethmoid sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015028"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ethmoid_Sinus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ethmoid sinus"}]}}{"C12277":{"preferredName":"Frontal Sinus","code":"C12277","definitions":[{"description":"A type of paranasal sinus (a hollow space in the bones around the nose). There are two, large frontal sinuses in the frontal bone, which forms the lower part of the forehead and reaches over the eye sockets and eyebrows. The frontal sinuses are lined with cells that make mucus to keep the nose from drying out.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The paired, mucosal lined air spaces located above the orbit and communicating with the nasal passages. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The paired, mucosal lined air spaces located above the orbit and communicating with the nasal passages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FRONTAL SINUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Frontal Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Frontal Sinus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Frontal sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Sinus, Frontal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"frontal sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016734"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Frontal_Sinus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Frontal sinus"}]}}{"C12278":{"preferredName":"Sphenoid Sinus","code":"C12278","definitions":[{"description":"A type of paranasal sinus (a hollow space in the bones around the nose). There are two large sphenoid sinuses in the sphenoid bone, which is behind the nose between the eyes. The sphenoid sinuses are lined with cells that make mucus to keep the nose from drying out.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Either of the paired paranasal sinuses located in the anterior part of the body of the sphenoid bone, and communicating with the superior meatus of the nasal cavity on the same side.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Either of the paired paranasal sinuses, located in the anterior part of the body of the sphenoid bone and communicating with the superior meatus of the nasal cavity on the same side.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SPHENOID SINUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sinus, Sphenoid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sphenoid Sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sphenoid sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"sphenoid sinus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037885"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sphenoid_Sinus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sphenoid sinus"}]}}{"C12822":{"preferredName":"Vocal Cord","code":"C12822","definitions":[{"description":"A pair of small bands of muscle that stretch from the thyroid cartilage in front to the arytenoid cartilage in back of the larynx. The vocal cords help prevent food entering the lungs and produce sound through vibration. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of two small bands of muscle within the larynx that vibrates to produce the voice.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A pair of small bands of muscle that stretch from the thyroid cartilage in front to the arytenoid cartilage in back of the larynx. The vocal cords help prevent food entering the lungs and produce sound through vibration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VOCAL CORD","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vocal Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vocal Cord","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vocal Cords","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"vocal cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042930"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vocal_Cord"}]}}{"C33815":{"preferredName":"True Vocal Cord","code":"C33815","definitions":[{"description":"The lower pair of vocal folds located below the glottis, which are the primary source of phonation","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"True Vocal Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL321357"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"True_Vocal_Cord"}]}}{"C12709":{"preferredName":"Epiglottis","code":"C12709","definitions":[{"description":"A small cartilagenous flap-like valve that closes over the larynx during swallowing to prevent food entering the lungs. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The flap that covers the trachea during swallowing so that food does not enter the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"excludes anterior surface of epiglottis C10.1","attr":null,"defSource":"ICDO3"},{"description":"A small cartilagenous flap-like valve that closes over the larynx during swallowing to prevent food entering the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPIGLOTTIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epiglottic","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epiglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epiglottis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"epiglottis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014540"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epiglottis"}]}}{"C32583":{"preferredName":"False Vocal Cord","code":"C32583","definitions":[{"description":"One of two folds of a mucous membrane spanning the larynx. The two folds aid in breathing and preventing regurgitation to a greater extent than producing sounds.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"False Vocal Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricular Fold","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0149596"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"False_Vocal_Cord"}]}}{"C12281":{"preferredName":"Laryngeal Cartilage","code":"C12281","definitions":[{"description":"The nine cartilages that comprise the skeleton of the larynx, including the single thyroid, epiglottic, and cricoid cartilages, and the paired arytenoid, corniculate, and cuneiform cartilages.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Laryngeal Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Laryngeal cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023050"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Laryngeal_Cartilage"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Laryngeal cartilage"}]}}{"C32148":{"preferredName":"Arytenoid Cartilage","code":"C32148","definitions":[{"description":"Either of a pair of small pyramidal laryngeal cartilages that articulate with the lamina of the cricoid cartilage and give attachment to the posterior part of the corresponding vocal ligament and to several muscles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Arytenoid Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Arytenoids","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003943"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Arytenoid_Cartilage"}]}}{"C32400":{"preferredName":"Cricoid Cartilage","code":"C32400","definitions":[{"description":"A cartilage ring around the trachea below the thyroid cartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cricoid Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010323"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cricoid_Cartilage"}]}}{"C32417":{"preferredName":"Cuneiform Cartilage","code":"C32417","definitions":[{"description":"The two small rod shaped pieces of elastic cartilage on both sides of the aryepiglottic fold which supports the epiglottis laterally and the vocal cords.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cuneiform Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225557"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cuneiform_Cartilage"}]}}{"C33780":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Cartilage","code":"C33780","definitions":[{"description":"The largest of the laryngeal cartilages comprising two quadrilateral laminae that fuse to form a median elevation (\"Adam's apple\"). It lies inferior to the hyoid bone, its superior horn is attached to the tip of the greater horn of the hyoid bone, and its inferior horn articulates with the cricoid cartilage.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thyroid Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040126"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroid_Cartilage"}]}}{"C12284":{"preferredName":"Main Bronchus","code":"C12284","definitions":[{"description":"The left and right main bronchi considered as a group.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Main Bronchus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Main Bronchus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Main bronchus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Mainstem bronchus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024496"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Main_Bronchus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Main bronchus"}]}}{"C12285":{"preferredName":"Upper Lobe of the Lung","code":"C12285","definitions":[{"description":"The lobe of the right lung that lies above the oblique and horizontal fissures and includes the apical, posterior and anterior bronchopulmonary segments; in the left lung, the lobe lies above the oblique fissure and contains the apicoposterior, anterior, superior lingular and inferior lingular segments.","attr":"Biology-online.org","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung Upper Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper Lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Upper Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper Lobe of the Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper Lobe, Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper lobe, lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225756"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lung_Upper_Lobe"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Upper lobe, lung"}]}}{"C40373":{"preferredName":"Lingula of the Lung","code":"C40373","definitions":[{"description":"A small tongue-like projection from the lower portion of the upper lobe of the left lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A small tongue-like projection from the lower portion of the upper lobe of the left lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LINGULA OF THE LUNG","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lingula of the Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225740"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lingula"}]}}{"C12286":{"preferredName":"Middle Lobe of the Right Lung","code":"C12286","definitions":[{"description":"The smallest lobe of the right lung, situated above the oblique fissure and below the horizontal fissure. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The smallest lobe of the right lung, situated above the oblique fissure and below the horizontal fissure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LUNG, RIGHT MIDDLE LOBE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lung Middle Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Middle Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Lobe of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Lobe of the Right Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Middle Lobe of the Right Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Middle Lobe of the Right Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Middle lobe, lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"RML","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Right Middle Lobe, Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"DesignNote","value":"Only the right lung has a middle lobe."},{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225757"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Middle_Lobe_of_the_Right_Lung"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Middle lobe, lung"}]}}{"C12287":{"preferredName":"Lower Lobe of the Lung","code":"C12287","definitions":[{"description":"The bottom most subdivision of either the right or left lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lower Lobe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lower Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower Lobe of the Lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower Lobe, Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower lobe, lung","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Lung Lower Lobe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225758"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lung_Lower_Lobe"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lower lobe, lung"}]}}{"C13304":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary","code":"C13304","definitions":[{"description":"Having to do with the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Relating to the lungs as the intended site of administration, where the pharmaceutical product is administered, usually by inhalation, for local action in the lower respiratory tract or for systemic action after absorption via the lower respiratory tract.","attr":null,"defSource":"EDQM-HC"},{"description":"Relating to the lungs as the intended site of administration, where the pharmaceutical product is administered, usually by inhalation, for local action in the lower respiratory tract or for systemic action after absorption via the lower respiratory tract.","attr":"EDQM-HC","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"EDQM-HC"},{"termName":"Pulmonary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"pulmonary","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2709248"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"EDQM-HC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pulmonary"}]}}{"C12728":{"preferredName":"Cardiac Atrium","code":"C12728","definitions":[{"description":"The smaller chamber(s) of the heart that receives blood from the peripheral circulation and/or the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The paired upper chambers of the heart. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary vein and pumps blood into the left ventricle. The right atrium receives venous deoxygenated blood from the entire body via the superior and inferior vena cavae and pumps blood into the right ventricle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atria of Heart","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atria, Cardiac","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atrium of Heart","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Auricle of Heart","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac Atria","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac Atrium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac Atrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HEART, ATRIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Heart Atria","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heart Atrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018792"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cardiac_Atrium"}]}}{"C12730":{"preferredName":"Cardiac Ventricle","code":"C12730","definitions":[{"description":"The larger chamber(s) of the heart that receives blood from an atrium and pushes it out of the heart into the peripheral circulation and/or the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the two lower chambers of the heart that receives blood from an atrium and pumps blood to the arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cardiac Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cardiac Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cardiac Ventricles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HEART, VENTRICLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Heart Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricles, Heart","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0018827"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cardiac_Ventricle"}]}}{"C13004":{"preferredName":"Endocardium","code":"C13004","definitions":[{"description":"The layer of endothelial cells and connective tissue lining the chambers of the heart. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The layer of endothelial cells and connective tissue lining the chambers of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ENDOCARDIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Endocardial","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endocardium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014124"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Endocardium"}]}}{"C13164":{"preferredName":"Epicardium","code":"C13164","definitions":[{"description":"The outer membranous connective tissue layer of the heart tissue. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The outer membranous connective tissue layer of the heart tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EPICARDIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Epicardium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225968"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Epicardium"}]}}{"C12371":{"preferredName":"Myocardium","code":"C12371","definitions":[{"description":"The striated muscle tissue of the heart enveloped by the epicardium and the endocardium. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The striated muscle tissue of the heart enveloped by the epicardium and the endocardium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cardiac Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Heart Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myocardial Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myocardium","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myocardium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027061"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myocardium"}]}}{"C32098":{"preferredName":"Anterior Mediastinum","code":"C32098","definitions":[{"description":"The area between the lungs; it contains the thymus, some lymph nodes, and vessels and branches of the internal thoracic artery. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The area in the front part of the chest between the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The area between the lungs; it contains the thymus, some lymph nodes, and vessels and branches of the internal thoracic artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anterior Mediastinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anterior Mediastinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Anterior mediastinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"MEDIASTINUM, ANTERIOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"anterior mediastinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"prevascular space","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0230148"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anterior_Mediastinum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anterior mediastinum"}]}}{"C33368":{"preferredName":"Posterior Mediastinum","code":"C33368","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the lower portion of the mediastinum that is located behind the pericardium. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the lower portion of the mediastinum that is located behind the pericardium.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEDIASTINUM, POSTERIOR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Posterior Mediastinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Posterior Mediastinum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Posterior mediastinum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0230150"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Posterior_Mediastinum"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Posterior mediastinum"}]}}{"C33273":{"preferredName":"Parietal Pleura","code":"C33273","definitions":[{"description":"The outermost of the two pleural membranes. It consists of a thin basal layer of fibrous tissue upon which sits a continuous layer of mesothelial cells. The cells function to secrete the lubricant lining the pleural cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Parietal Pleura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225777"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Parietal_Pleura"}]}}{"C33881":{"preferredName":"Visceral Pleura","code":"C33881","definitions":[{"description":"The layer investing the lungs and dipping into the fissures between the several lobes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Visceral Pleura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225776"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Visceral_Pleura"}]}}{"C33839":{"preferredName":"Upper Respiratory System","code":"C33839","definitions":[{"description":"The sinuses and those parts of the respiratory system above the trachea. It includes the nares, nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx, vocal cords, glottis and upper trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The sinuses and those parts of the respiratory system above the trachea. It includes the nares, nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx, vocal cords, glottis and upper trachea.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Upper Respiratory System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper respiratory tract, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1519817"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Upper_Respiratory_System"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Upper respiratory tract, NOS"}]}}{"C32047":{"preferredName":"Acromioclavicular Joint","code":"C32047","definitions":[{"description":"The junction of the upper distal end of the scapula to the distal edge of the collarbone, also known as the acromion and the clavicle. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The junction of the upper distal end of the scapula to the distal edge of the collarbone, also known as the acromion and the clavicle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Acromioclavicular Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acromioclavicular Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001208"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Acromioclavicular_Joint"}]}}{"C12777":{"preferredName":"Radius Bone","code":"C12777","definitions":[{"description":"The long bone that lies between the radiohumeral joint and the carpus and is adjacent to the ulna.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The long bone of the forearm that extends from the lateral aspect of the elbow to the thumb-side of the wrist.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, RADIUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RADIUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Radial Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radius","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radius Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radius Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Radius Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034627"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Radius_Bone"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001423"}]}}{"C33547":{"preferredName":"Shoulder Girdle","code":"C33547","definitions":[{"description":"The bony arch formed by the collarbones and shoulder blades.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Shoulder Girdle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0427245"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Shoulder_Girdle"}]}}{"C33548":{"preferredName":"Shoulder Joint","code":"C33548","definitions":[{"description":"A ball-and-socket joint at the upper end of the humerus, located at the junction of humerus and scapula. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A ball-and-socket joint at the upper end of the humerus, located at the junction of humerus and scapula.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SHOULDER JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Shoulder Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Shoulder Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037009"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Shoulder_Joint"}]}}{"C12809":{"preferredName":"Ulna","code":"C12809","definitions":[{"description":"The bone that contains the olecranon process, lies between the radiohumeral joint and the carpus, and is adjacent to the radius.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the bones that comprise the forearm. The largest aspect articulates with the humerus at the elbow joint and the smallest portion of the ulna articulates with the carpal bones in the wrist.","attr":"On-line Medical Dictionary","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, ULNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ULNA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ulna","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ulna","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0041600"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ulna"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001424"}]}}{"C52771":{"preferredName":"Hand Phalanx","code":"C52771","definitions":[{"description":"A bone of the hand. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A bone of the hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone of Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"HAND PHALANX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hand Phalanx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hand Phalanx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Phalanges of Hand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phalanx of Finger","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phalanx of Hand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phalanx of the Hand","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0223792"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hand_Phalanx"}]}}{"C12688":{"preferredName":"Carpal Bone","code":"C12688","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the bones of the joint located between the radius and ulna and metacarpus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the small bones of the wrist joint, located between the radius and the ulna and the metacarpus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, CARPAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CARPAL BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Carpal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carpal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Carpus Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007285"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Carpal_Bone"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001435"}]}}{"C12751":{"preferredName":"Metacarpal Bone","code":"C12751","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the five bones between the wrist and the fingers that form the skeleton of the palm. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the five bones between the wrist and the fingers that form the skeleton of the palm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"METACARPAL BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Metacarpal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metacarpal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metacarpal Bones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metacarpus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Os Metacarpale","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025526"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Metacarpal_Bone"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0010544"}]}}{"C33097":{"preferredName":"Meniscus Lateralis","code":"C33097","definitions":[{"description":"A meniscus located towards the outer aspect of the femorotibial joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A semicircular meniscus located towards the outer aspect of the knee joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lateral Meniscus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MENISCUS, LATERAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Meniscus Lateralis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0348072"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Meniscus_Lateralis"}]}}{"C33098":{"preferredName":"Meniscus Medialis","code":"C33098","definitions":[{"description":"A meniscus located towards the inner aspect of the knee/stifle joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A semicircular meniscus located towards the inner aspect of the knee joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MENISCUS, MEDIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Medial Meniscus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meniscus Medialis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0348073"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Meniscus_Medialis"}]}}{"C12796":{"preferredName":"Tarsal Bone","code":"C12796","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the short bones between the tibiotarsal joint and the tarsometatarsal joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any one of the seven bones forming the instep of the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, TARSUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bone, Tarsal","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"TARSUS BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tarsal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tarsal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Tarsal Bones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tarsus Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039316"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tarsal_Bone"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001447"}]}}{"C13068":{"preferredName":"Foot Bone","code":"C13068","definitions":[{"description":"One of the seven tarsal, five metatarsal, or 14 phalangeal bones in the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Foot Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Foot Bones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016505"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Foot_Bone"}]}}{"C32250":{"preferredName":"Calcaneum","code":"C32250","definitions":[{"description":"The irregular and largest tarsal bone that forms the heel. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The irregular and largest tarsal bone that forms the heel.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CALCANEUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Calcaneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcaneum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Calcaneum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Calcaneus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Calcaneus Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006655"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Calcaneum"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001450"}]}}{"C52772":{"preferredName":"Foot Phalanx","code":"C52772","definitions":[{"description":"A bone of the foot. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A bone of the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FOOT PHALANX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Foot Phalanx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Foot Phalanx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Phalanges of Foot","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phalanx of Foot","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phalanx of the Foot","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0584876"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Foot_Phalanx"}]}}{"C12752":{"preferredName":"Metatarsal Bone","code":"C12752","definitions":[{"description":"A bone belonging to the middle part of the foot located between toes and ankle. There are 5 metatarsal bones and they are numbered from the medial side. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A bone belonging to the middle part of the foot located between toes and ankle. There are 5 metatarsal bones and they are numbered from the medial side.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"METATARSAL BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Metatarsal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metatarsal Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Metatarsal Bones","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Metatarsus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025584"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Metatarsal_Bone"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:6004648"}]}}{"C32223":{"preferredName":"Bone of the Extremity","code":"C32223","definitions":[{"description":"A bone within a limb of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone of Extremity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bone of limb, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Bone of the Extremity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0582791"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bone_of_the_Extremity"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bone of limb, NOS"}]}}{"C81188":{"preferredName":"Skullcap","code":"C81188","definitions":[{"description":"The roof or dome of the skull. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The roof or dome of the skull.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BONE, CALVARIUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Calvarium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skullcap","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205950"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Skullcap"}]}}{"C12711":{"preferredName":"Ethmoid Bone","code":"C12711","definitions":[{"description":"A light and spongy bone that is cubical in shape. This bone is positioned at the anterior part of the cranium, sitting between the two orbits, at the roof of the nose. It consists of four parts: a horizontal or cribriform plate; a perpendicular plate; and two lateral masses or labyrinths. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A light and spongy bone that is cubical in shape. This bone is positioned at the anterior part of the cranium, sitting between the two orbits, at the roof of the nose. It consists of four parts: a horizontal or cribriform plate; a perpendicular plate; and two lateral masses or labyrinths.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ETHMOID BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ethmoid Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ethmoid Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Ethmoid Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015027"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ethmoid_Bone"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001679"}]}}{"C63706":{"preferredName":"Facial Bone","code":"C63706","definitions":[{"description":"Any bone that contributes to the facial structures, except those bones that are part of the braincase. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any bone that contributes to the facial structures, except those bones that are part of the braincase.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone of Face","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"FACIAL BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Facial Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Facial Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015455"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Facial_Bone"}]}}{"C32635":{"preferredName":"Frontal Bone","code":"C32635","definitions":[{"description":"A bone of the skull forming the forehead, root of the nose and the roof of both orbits.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Frontal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Frontal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Frontal Cortex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0016732"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Frontal_Bone"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001870"}]}}{"C32752":{"preferredName":"Hyoid Bone","code":"C32752","definitions":[{"description":"A U-shaped bone supporting the tongue. This bone is located at the base of the tongue and is suspended from the tips of the styloid processes of the temporal bones by the stylohyoid ligaments. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A U-shaped bone supporting the tongue. This bone is located at the base of the tongue and is suspended from the tips of the styloid processes of the temporal bones by the stylohyoid ligaments.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HYOID BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hyoid Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hyoid Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020417"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hyoid_Bone"}]}}{"C33157":{"preferredName":"Nasal Bone","code":"C33157","definitions":[{"description":"One of two small oblong bones placed side by side at the middle and upper part of the face. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of two small oblong bones placed side by side at the middle and upper part of the face.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NASAL BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nasal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nasal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Nasal Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027422"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nasal_Bone"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001681"}]}}{"C12757":{"preferredName":"Occipital Bone","code":"C12757","definitions":[{"description":"The trapezoidal-shaped bone that forms the back and part of the base of the skull.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Occipital Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Occipital Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Occipital Cortex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028784"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Occipital_Bone"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0016540"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001676"}]}}{"C12766":{"preferredName":"Parietal Bone","code":"C12766","definitions":[{"description":"One of two cranial bones that by their union form the sides and roof of the skull.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Parietal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Parietal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Parietal Cortex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030558"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Parietal_Bone"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0016530"}]}}{"C12790":{"preferredName":"Sphenoid Bone","code":"C12790","definitions":[{"description":"The butterfly-shaped bone located at the base of the skull that helps to form the orbit of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spheniod Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Sphenoid Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037884"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sphenoid_Bone"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001677"}]}}{"C12797":{"preferredName":"Temporal Bone","code":"C12797","definitions":[{"description":"A large irregular bone situated at the base and side of the skull, connected with the mandible via the temporomandibular joint. The temporal bone consists of the squamous, tympanic and petrous parts. The petrous portion of the temporal bone contains the vestibulocochlear organ of the inner ear. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A large irregular bone situated at the base and side of the skull, connected with the mandible via the temporomandibular joint. The temporal bone consists of the squamous, tympanic and petrous parts. The petrous portion of the temporal bone contains the vestibulocochlear organ of the inner ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TEMPORAL BONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Temporal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Temporal Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Temporal Bone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Temporal Cortex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039484"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Temporal_Bone"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0016538"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001678"}]}}{"C32888":{"preferredName":"Jaw Joint","code":"C32888","definitions":[{"description":"The joint between the head of the lower mandible and the temporal bone. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The joint between the head of the lower mandible and the temporal bone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Jaw Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Jaw Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Jaw Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"TMJ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TMJ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Temporomandibular Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039493"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Jaw_Joint"}]}}{"C32239":{"preferredName":"C1 Vertebra","code":"C32239","definitions":[{"description":"The first of the seven cervical vertebrae. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The first of the seven cervical vertebrae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Atlas of the Vertebra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C1 VERTEBRA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"C1 Vertebra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C1 Vertebra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004170"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"C1_Vertebra"}]}}{"C32240":{"preferredName":"C2 Vertebra","code":"C32240","definitions":[{"description":"The second of the seven cervical vertebrae. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The second of the seven cervical vertebrae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Axis of the Vertebra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C2 VERTEBRA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"C2 Vertebra","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"C2 Vertebra","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004457"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"C2_Vertebra"}]}}{"C49571":{"preferredName":"Intervertebral Disc","code":"C49571","definitions":[{"description":"Spongy discs located between the vertebrae of the spinal column; composed of the outer annulus fibrosus and inner nucleus pulposus. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Spongy discs located between the vertebrae of the spinal column; composed of the outer annulus fibrosus and inner nucleus pulposus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INTERVERTEBRAL DISC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intervertebral Disc","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021815"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intervertebral_Disc"}]}}{"C32391":{"preferredName":"Costal Cartilage","code":"C32391","definitions":[{"description":"The cartilage positioned between the anterior end of the rib and the sternum. Its elasticity allows the ribcage to expand while breathing. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The cartilage positioned between the anterior end of the rib and the sternum. Its elasticity allows the ribcage to expand while breathing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COSTAL CARTILAGE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Costal Cartilage","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Costal Cartilage","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0222787"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Costal_Cartilage"}]}}{"C32394":{"preferredName":"Costovertebral Joint","code":"C32394","definitions":[{"description":"The synovial joints that attach the heads of the ribs to the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Costovertebral Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0224681"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Costovertebral_Joint"}]}}{"C33617":{"preferredName":"Sternocostal Joint","code":"C33617","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the joints between the first seven ribs and the sternum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sternocostal Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1305902"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sternocostal_Joint"}]}}{"C12696":{"preferredName":"Coccyx","code":"C12696","definitions":[{"description":"A small bone located at the bottom of the spine. The coccyx is a result of 3-5 fused rudimentary vertebrae. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The small bone at the bottom of the spine. It is made up of 3-5 fused bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A small bone located at the bottom of the spine. The coccyx is a result of 3-5 fused rudimentary vertebrae.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"COCCYX","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Coccyx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coccyx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Coccyx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"coccyx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"tailbone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009194"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Coccyx"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001350"}]}}{"C32742":{"preferredName":"Hip Joint","code":"C32742","definitions":[{"description":"A ball-and-socket joint between the head of the femur and the acetabulum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A ball-and-socket joint between the head of the femur and the acetabulum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Coxofemoral Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HIP JOINT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hip Joint","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hip Joint","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"JOINT, HIP","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019558"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hip_Joint"}]}}{"C33423":{"preferredName":"Pubic Bone","code":"C33423","definitions":[{"description":"Either of the two bones (left and right) that form the front of the pelvis. 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Concept Name","value":"Knee_Skin"}]}}{"C52749":{"preferredName":"Leg Skin","code":"C52749","definitions":[{"description":"The integument that covers the leg.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The skin or integument surrounding the leg.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LEG SKIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Leg Skin","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Leg Skin","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0222279"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leg_Skin"}]}}{"C33326":{"preferredName":"Plantar Region","code":"C33326","definitions":[{"description":"The undersurface of the foot. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The undersurface of the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Plantar","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Plantar Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SOLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0230463"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Plantar_Region"}]}}{"C33790":{"preferredName":"Toenail","code":"C33790","definitions":[{"description":"A thin, horny translucent plate covering the end of each toe. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A thin, horny translucent plate covering the end of each toe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TOENAIL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Toe Nail","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toenail","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toenail","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0222007"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Toe_Nail"}]}}{"C12682":{"preferredName":"Brachial Plexus","code":"C12682","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve network originating from spinal nerves in the cervical and thoracic vertebrae and giving rise to multiple nerves that innervate the arm/forelimb.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A network of nerves that sends signals from the spine to the arm and hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A nerve network originating from C5 to T1 that supplies cutaneous and muscular innervation to the arm and hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRACHIAL PLEXUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brachial Plexus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brachial Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brachial Plexus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"NERVE, BRACHIAL PLEXUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"brachial plexus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006090"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Brachial_Plexus"}]}}{"C52815":{"preferredName":"Median Nerve","code":"C52815","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve extending from the brachial plexus traveling the length of the arm/thoracic limb, which innervates some flexor muscles of the arm/forelimb and the skin on the palmar aspect of the carpus, metacarpus and digits.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A branch of the brachial plexus that extends along the anterior aspect of the forearm and the hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MEDIAN NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Median Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NERVE, MEDIAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025058"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Median_Nerve"}]}}{"C52812":{"preferredName":"Radial Nerve","code":"C52812","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve extending from the brachial plexus traveling the length of the arm/forelimb, which innervates the extensor muscles of the elbow, carpus and phalanges, as well as the skin on the dorsal aspect of the carpus, metacarpus and digits.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A large nerve that arises from the brachial plexus and enervates the extensor muscles and skin of the entire upper limb's posterior aspect.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NERVE, RADIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RADIAL NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Radial Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034518"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Radial_Nerve"}]}}{"C52807":{"preferredName":"Ulnar Nerve","code":"C52807","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve arising from spinal nerves C8, T1 and T2, which innervates the flexor muscles of the arm/forelimb and skin of the arm/forelimb and lateral manus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A major peripheral nerve of the upper limb; it originates as the medial cord of the brachial plexus, and contains fibers from the C8-T1 nerve roots. It functions to supply both sensory and motor innervation to parts of the forearm and hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NERVE, ULNAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ULNAR NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ulnar Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0041602"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ulnar_Nerve"}]}}{"C52816":{"preferredName":"Femoral Nerve","code":"C52816","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve that originates from the lumbar nerves and innervates the anterior region of the thigh.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Femoral Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015808"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Femoral_Nerve"}]}}{"C75909":{"preferredName":"Obturator Nerve","code":"C75909","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve that arises from the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves and enters the thigh through the obturator canal. It is responsible for the sensory innervation of the skin of the medial aspect of the thigh and also responsible for the motor innervation of the adductor muscles of the lower extremity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Obturator Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028783"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Obturator_Nerve"}]}}{"C32825":{"preferredName":"Intercostal Nerve","code":"C32825","definitions":[{"description":"The anterior primary branches of the thoracic spinal nerves (T1 to T11).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intercostal Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1285089"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intercostal_Nerve"}]}}{"C52805":{"preferredName":"Lumbosacral Plexus","code":"C52805","definitions":[{"description":"A network of nerves composed of the lumbar plexus (T12-L4) and the sacral plexus (L4-S4), which innervates the pelvic girdle and the lower limb.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lumbosacral Plexus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024093"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lumbosacral_Plexus"}]}}{"C33505":{"preferredName":"Sacral Nerve","code":"C33505","definitions":[{"description":"Any one of the five pairs of spinal nerves emerging from each side of the sacrum, which contain both afferent and efferent fibers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sacral Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0228922"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sacral_Nerve"}]}}{"C12846":{"preferredName":"Sacral Plexus","code":"C12846","definitions":[{"description":"A network of nerve fibers that are derived from the anterior rami of spinal nerves L4-L5 and S1-S4, and which are part of the larger lumbosacral plexus, providing motor and sensory innervation for the posterior thigh, most of the lower leg, the entire foot, and part of the pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sacral Plexus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0205827"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sacral_Plexus"}]}}{"C33015":{"preferredName":"Lumbar Nerve","code":"C33015","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the five spinal nerves originating from the lumbar region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lumbar Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0228897"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lumbar_Nerve"}]}}{"C12764":{"preferredName":"Parasympathetic Nervous System","code":"C12764","definitions":[{"description":"The division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for conserving and restoring energy (opposing the sympathetic nervous system), which arises from preganglionic cell bodies in the gray matter of the brain stem and the middle three segments of the sacral cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Parasympathetic Nervous System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0030510"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Parasympathetic_Nervous_System"}]}}{"C12768":{"preferredName":"Peripheral Nerve","code":"C12768","definitions":[{"description":"Any nerve outside the brain or spinal cord that connects with peripheral receptors or effectors. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any nerve outside the brain or spinal cord that connects with peripheral receptors or effectors.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NERVE, PERIPHERAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"PERIPHERAL NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Peripheral Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Peripheral Nerves","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0031119"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Peripheral_Nerve"}]}}{"C12792":{"preferredName":"Spinal Nerve","code":"C12792","definitions":[{"description":"A nerve arising from the spinal cord where the dorsal and ventral roots converge and exit through the intervertebral foramen.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Paired nerves that arise from the spinal cord. In all, there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves located in the human body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NERVE, SPINAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Spinal Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spinal Nerves","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spinal Roots","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037941"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spinal_Nerve"}]}}{"C12795":{"preferredName":"Sympathetic Nervous System","code":"C12795","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the nervous system that increases heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and pupil size. It also causes blood vessels to narrow and decreases digestive juices.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The part of the autonomic nervous system comprising paired, paraspinal sympathetic trunks together with their branches, plexi, and subsidiary ganglia; it functions to mobilize the body for activity and opposes the physiological effects of the parasympathetic nervous system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SNS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sympathetic Nervous System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sympathetic nervous system","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039044"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sympathetic_Nervous_System"}]}}{"C113599":{"preferredName":"Cul-de-sac","code":"C113599","definitions":[{"description":"A pouch or tube that is open only at one end.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cul-de-sac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013075"}]}}{"C13074":{"preferredName":"Masseter Muscle","code":"C13074","definitions":[{"description":"A muscle extending from the zygomatic arch to the lateral surface of mandibular ramus; primary function is elevation of the mandible (closing of the mouth).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A muscle of mastication originating from the zygomatic arch.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUSCLE, MASSETER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Masseter Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Masticatory Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0024876"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Masseter_Muscle"}]}}{"C33616":{"preferredName":"Sternocleidomastoid Muscle","code":"C33616","definitions":[{"description":"A superficial neck muscle and a key anatomical landmark, which divides the neck into anterior and lateral regions. It originates on the manubrium and the clavicle, and inserts onto the mastoid process and the superior nuchal line. It functions to flex the neck, move the chin cranially, and assists in elevating the rib cage during inspiration.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sternocleidomastoid Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sternomastoid Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0224153"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sternocleidomastoid_Muscle"}]}}{"C32200":{"preferredName":"Biceps Brachii","code":"C32200","definitions":[{"description":"A muscle of the proximal arm/forelimb, in general extending from the scapula to the radius and adjacent fascia; primary function is flexion of the elbow joint and, in some species, also functions in supination of the antebrachium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A muscle in the upper arm. Its action involves the rotation of the arm and the flexing of the elbow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BICEPS BRACHII MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Biceps","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biceps Brachii","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Biceps Brachii Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, BICEPS BRACHII","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0559499"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Biceps"}]}}{"C53149":{"preferredName":"Brachialis","code":"C53149","definitions":[{"description":"A muscle that originates from the lower two-thirds of the anterior surface of the humerus that flexes the elbow. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A muscle that originates from the lower two-thirds of the anterior surface of the humerus that flexes the elbow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRACHIALIS MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brachialis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0224240"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Brachialis"}]}}{"C53151":{"preferredName":"Coracobrachialis","code":"C53151","definitions":[{"description":"A muscle arising from the coracoid process of the scapula, inserted in the medial border of the humerus, and acts to adduct and flex the arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Coracobrachial","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coracobrachial Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coracobrachialis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0224246"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Coracobrachialis"}]}}{"C33251":{"preferredName":"Palmar Fascia","code":"C33251","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Palmar Fascia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225244"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Palmar_Fascia"}]}}{"C12838":{"preferredName":"Radial Artery","code":"C12838","definitions":[{"description":"The artery of the lower arm that supplies muscles of lateral portions of both the anterior and posterior compartment of the forearm, lateral aspect of the wrist, skin of the dorsum hand and proximal portions of digits, and deep muscles of pain whose pulsations can be palpated on the flexor surface of the wrist laterally.","attr":null,"defSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"description":"The branch of the brachial artery that passes down the forearm. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The branch of the brachial artery that passes down the forearm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"RADIAL ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Radial","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"termName":"Radial Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Radial Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0162857"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ACC/AHA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Radial_Artery"}]}}{"C90604":{"preferredName":"Triceps Brachii","code":"C90604","definitions":[{"description":"A muscle of the proximal arm/forelimb, in general extending from the scapula and humerus to the olecranon of the ulna; primary function is extension of humeroulnar joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The muscle of the upper arm that extends the forearm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUSCLE, TRICEPS BRACHII","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"TRICEPS BRACHII MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Triceps Brachii","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0559502"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12839":{"preferredName":"Ulnar Artery","code":"C12839","definitions":[{"description":"An artery of the forearm; in general it arises from the brachial artery just below the elbow and forms numerous branches supplying the forearm, wrist and hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The artery of the lower arm that supplies the medial part of the anterior compartment of the forearm, wrist and hand, the superficial structures of the central palm and most of the palmar and distal dorsal aspects of the fingers, whose pulse can be palpated on the flexor surface of the wrist medially.","attr":null,"defSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"description":"A terminal branch of the brachial artery arising just below the elbow that runs along the ulna into the wrist with numerous branches supplying the forearm, wrist and hand.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ULNAR ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ulnar","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"termName":"Ulnar Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0162858"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ACC/AHA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ulnar_Artery"}]}}{"C53147":{"preferredName":"Biceps Femoris","code":"C53147","definitions":[{"description":"A muscle in the thigh, in general extending from the ischial tuberosity and posterior femur to the fibula; primary function is to extend the femorotibial joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A muscle in the back of the thigh. Its action involves the knee flexion and hip extension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BICEPS FEMORIS MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Biceps Femoris","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, BICEPS FEMORIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0224449"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Biceps_Femoris"}]}}{"C32666":{"preferredName":"Gastrocnemius Muscle","code":"C32666","definitions":[{"description":"A bipennate muscle extending from the femoral condyles to the calcaneus; primary function is the extension of the tarsal joint and flexion of the femorotibial joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A large muscle in the back of the lower leg. Its action involves the plantar flexion of the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gastrocnemius Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, GASTROCNEMIUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0242691"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gastrocnemius_Muscle"}]}}{"C33325":{"preferredName":"Plantar Fascia","code":"C33325","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Plantar Fascia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0549109"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Plantar_Fascia"}]}}{"C33441":{"preferredName":"Quadriceps Muscle of the Thigh","code":"C33441","definitions":[{"description":"A group of muscles in the thigh, in general extending from the pelvis to the patella and tibia; primary function is extension of the femorotibial joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A group of four powerful muscles in the front of the thigh. Their actions involve the extension of the knee joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUSCLE, QUADRICEPS FEMORIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"QUADRICEPS MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Quadriceps Muscle of the Thigh","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0224440"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Quadriceps_Muscle_of_the_Thigh"}]}}{"C32169":{"preferredName":"Axillary Artery","code":"C32169","definitions":[{"description":"An artery that originates from the subclavian artery at the lateral margin of the first rib. It supplies the brachial artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An artery that originates from the subclavian artery at the lateral margin of the first rib that supplies the brachial artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AXILLARY ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Axillary Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004455"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Axillary_Artery"}]}}{"C32824":{"preferredName":"Intercostal Muscle","code":"C32824","definitions":[{"description":"A group of muscles extending from one rib to the adjacent rib; primary function is movement of the thoracic wall during inspiration and expiration.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A muscle located between two ribs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intercostal Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, INTERCOSTAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Respiratory Muscles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0021724"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intercostal_Muscle"}]}}{"C52941":{"preferredName":"Internal Mammary Artery","code":"C52941","definitions":[{"description":"An artery of the thoracic wall; in general it arises from the subclavian artery and branches into the musculophrenic and superior epigastric arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The blood vessel that supplies the breast and the anterior chest wall with arterial blood. It is located in the chest wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY, INTERNAL THORACIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"INTERNAL MAMMARY ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Internal Mammary Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Internal Thoracic Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0226276"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Internal_Mammary_Artery"}]}}{"C33150":{"preferredName":"Musculus Latissimus Dorsi","code":"C33150","definitions":[{"description":"A muscle of the back, in general extending from the thoracolumbar vertebrae and scapula to the proximal humerus; primary function is adduction, extension, and medial rotation of the shoulder joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A triangular muscle in the back, connected to the vertebral column, arm, and shoulder. Its action involves adduction, medial rotation, and extension of the arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LATISSIMUS DORSI MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, LATISSIMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Musculus Latissimus Dorsi","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Musculus Latissimus Dorsi","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0224362"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Musculus_Latissimus_Dorsi"}]}}{"C33284":{"preferredName":"Pectoralis Major","code":"C33284","definitions":[{"description":"Either of two large muscles of the anterior chest wall, which has two heads: the clavicular head, which originates on the medial half of the clavicle, and the sternal head, which originates on the sternum and the first six costal cartilages; the muscles insert onto the lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus and the crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus respectively; primary function is flexion, adduction, and medial rotation of the shoulder joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Either of two large, bilateral muscles overlying the upper, anterior chest wall, which has two heads: the clavicular head, which originates on the medial half of the clavicle, and the sternal head, which originates on the sternum and the first six costal cartilages; the muscles insert onto the lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus and the crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus respectively, and function to flex, adduct, and medially rotate the shoulder joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Musculus Pectoralis Major","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PECTORALIS MAJOR MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pectoralis Major","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0585574"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pectoralis_Major"}]}}{"C33643":{"preferredName":"Subclavian Artery","code":"C33643","definitions":[{"description":"One of the arteries of the thorax; in general it arises from the brachiocephalic artery or the aortic arch and branches into several arteries to supply blood to the head, neck, and arm/forelimb.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An artery located below the clavicle that supplies blood to the head and the arms. The right subclavian artery originates from the brachiocephalic artery and the left subclavian artery originates from the aortic arch.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY, SUBCLAVIAN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Subclavian Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Subclavian Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0038530"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Subclavian_Artery"}]}}{"C12816":{"preferredName":"Superior Vena Cava","code":"C12816","definitions":[{"description":"The large vein that carries blood from the head, neck, arms, and chest to the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The large vein that terminates in the right atrium and transports deoxygenated blood from the head, neck, arms, and chest to the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The large vein that terminates in the right atrium and transports deoxygenated blood from the head, neck, arms, and chest to the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SUPERIOR VENA CAVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Superior Vena Cava","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superior Vena Cava","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"superior vena cava","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042459"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Superior_Vena_Cava"}]}}{"C33768":{"preferredName":"Thoracic Duct","code":"C33768","definitions":[{"description":"The largest lymphatic vessel in the body, originating at the cisternal chyli and emptying into the junction of the left internal jugular and subclavian veins. It receives lymph from the entire body, with the exception of the right upper limb, the right side of the head and neck, and the right upper thorax.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thoracic Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039979"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thoracic_Duct"}]}}{"C33809":{"preferredName":"Trapezius Muscle","code":"C33809","definitions":[{"description":"One of a pair of flat, large, triangular muscles that extend from the external occipital protuberance and the medial third of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone to the middle of the back. The trapezius muscle is involved in moving the shoulder and arm. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of a pair of flat, large, triangular muscles that extend from the external occipital protuberance and the medial third of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone to the middle of the back. The trapezius muscle is involved in moving the shoulder and arm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TRAPEZIUS MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trapezius Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trapezius Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0224361"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trapezius_Muscle"}]}}{"C32038":{"preferredName":"Abdominal Aorta","code":"C32038","definitions":[{"description":"The lower part of the aorta in the abdomen prior to its bifurcation to the iliac arteries, whose pulse can be palpated at the level of the umbilicus.","attr":null,"defSource":"ACC/AHA"},{"description":"The portion of the descending aorta that lies within the abdomen, beginning below the diaphragm and ending at its division into the right and left common iliac arteries. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The portion of the descending aorta that lies within the abdomen, beginning below the diaphragm and ending at its division into the right and left common iliac arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABDOMINAL AORTA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Abdominal Aorta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Abdominal aorta","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ACC/AHA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0003484"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ACC/AHA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Abdominal_Aorta"}]}}{"C32040":{"preferredName":"Abdominal Muscle","code":"C32040","definitions":[{"description":"Any muscle of the abdominal wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the muscles of the abdomen that comprise the abdominal wall; these muscles include the rectus abdominis, the external and internal oblique muscles, the transversus abdominis, and the quadratus abdominis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Abdominal Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, ABDOMINAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0000739"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Abdominal_Muscle"}]}}{"C52846":{"preferredName":"Celiac Artery","code":"C52846","definitions":[{"description":"An artery of the abdomen; in general it arises from the abdominal aorta below the diaphragm and branches to form the left gastric artery, common hepatic artery, and splenic artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A major abdominal artery that arises from the abdominal aorta below the diaphragm. It supplies blood to the digestive organs. It has three major branches, left gastric artery, common hepatic artery, and splenic artery.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CELIAC ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Celiac Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Celiac Axis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Celiac Axis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Celiac Trunk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Celiac Trunk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coeliac Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coeliac Axis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Coeliac Trunk","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007569"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Coeliac_Artery"}]}}{"C32764":{"preferredName":"Iliopsoas Muscle","code":"C32764","definitions":[{"description":"A combination of two muscles found in the thigh, the iliacus and the psoas major, which have different sites of origin but a common insertion on the lesser trochanter of the femur; primary function is flexion of the hip.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A combination of two muscles found in the thigh, the iliacus and the psoas major, which have different sites of origin but a common insertion on the lesser trochanter of the femur.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ILIOPSOAS MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Iliopsoas Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0224417"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Iliopsoas_Muscle"}]}}{"C12815":{"preferredName":"Inferior Vena Cava","code":"C12815","definitions":[{"description":"A large vein that empties into the heart. It carries blood from the legs and feet and from organs in the abdomen and pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A large vein that returns blood from the lower half of the body to the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A large vein that returns blood from the lower half of the body to the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INFERIOR VENA CAVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Inferior Vena Cava","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Inferior Vena Cava","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"inferior vena cava","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042458"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Inferior_Vena_Cava"}]}}{"C52975":{"preferredName":"Mesenteric Artery","code":"C52975","definitions":[{"description":"One of the arteries of the abdomen; in general it arises from the abdominal aorta and supplies blood mainly to the intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies blood to the intestines.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY, MESENTERIC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"MESENTERIC ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mesenteric Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0025465"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mesenteric_Artery"}]}}{"C33422":{"preferredName":"Psoas Muscle","code":"C33422","definitions":[{"description":"A group of muscles on the abdominal spine, in general extending from the lumbar vertebrae to the femur; the primary function is flexion of the hip joint.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Muscles of the lower back whose actions involve the flexion of the hips and lumbar spine. The term may refer to psoas major muscle and psoas minor muscle, both located in the lower back.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MUSCLE, PSOAS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Psoas Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085221"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Psoas_Muscle"}]}}{"C33449":{"preferredName":"Rectus Abdominis Muscle","code":"C33449","definitions":[{"description":"Two vertically parallel muscles located on the anterior abdominal wall, which originate on the pubic crest and insert on the coastal cartilages of ribs five through seven and the xyphoid process; both muscles function to flex the lumbar spine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Rectus Abdominis Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206066"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rectus_Abdominis"}]}}{"C12778":{"preferredName":"Renal Artery","code":"C12778","definitions":[{"description":"One of the arteries of the abdomen; in general it arises from the abdominal aorta and supplies blood to the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The main blood vessel that supplies blood to a kidney and its nearby adrenal gland and ureter. There is a renal artery for each kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Either of two arteries (right or left) that arise from the aorta to supply the kidneys.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY, RENAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RENAL ARTERY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Renal Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"renal artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0035065"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Renal_Artery"}]}}{"C12817":{"preferredName":"Vena Cava","code":"C12817","definitions":[{"description":"The two major veins (caudal or cranial) that carry deoxygenated blood from the body and drain into the right atrium of the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A large vein which returns blood from the head, neck and extremities to the heart.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"VEIN, VENA CAVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"VENA CAVA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vena Cava","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vena Cava","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042460"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vena_Cava"}]}}{"C52560":{"preferredName":"Gluteus Maximus","code":"C52560","definitions":[{"description":"The outermost and largest muscle of the buttocks. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The outermost and largest muscle of the buttocks.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLUTEUS MAXIMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Gluteus Maximus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0224424"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Gluteus_Maximus"}]}}{"C12733":{"preferredName":"Iliac Artery","code":"C12733","definitions":[{"description":"An artery of the pelvic region and legs/hindlimbs; in general it arises from the bifurcation of the aorta and branches into the external and internal iliac arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies blood to the lower trunk and the legs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARTERY, ILIAC","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Iliac Artery","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020887"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Iliac_Artery"}]}}{"C12734":{"preferredName":"Iliac Vein","code":"C12734","definitions":[{"description":"Veins in the pelvis, which include the common, external and internal iliac veins.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any of the three veins including the common, external and internal iliac veins.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ILIAC VEIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Iliac Vein","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Iliac Vein","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020888"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Iliac_Vein"}]}}{"C33301":{"preferredName":"Perineum","code":"C33301","definitions":[{"description":"The area located between the anus and vulva in females, and anus and scrotum in males. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The area located between the anus and vulva in females, and anus and scrotum in males.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PERINEUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Perineum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Perineum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0031066"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Perineum"}]}}{"C32133":{"preferredName":"Aponeurosis","code":"C32133","definitions":[{"description":"A flat, tendon-like membrane that serves to bind muscles or to attach muscles to bones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Aponeurosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225205"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Aponeurosis"}]}}{"C33717":{"preferredName":"Synovial Bursa","code":"C33717","definitions":[{"description":"A membrane-lined sac that is located in a joint, and is filled with synovial fluid; it provides a cushion between bones and tendons and/or muscles, decreasing the friction between two moving structures and allowing for unrestricted movement.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Synovial Bursa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006441"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Synovial_Bursa"}]}}{"C13108":{"preferredName":"Fascia","code":"C13108","definitions":[{"description":"A sheet or band of fibrous connective tissue enveloping, separating, or binding together muscles, organs and other soft structures of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sheet or band of fibrous connective tissue enveloping, separating, or binding together muscles, organs, and other soft structures of the body.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FASCIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fascia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Fascia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015641"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fascia"}]}}{"C129504":{"preferredName":"Fibrous Tissue","code":"C129504","definitions":[{"description":"A tissue composed of bundles of collagenous white fibers between which are rows of connective tissue cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibrous Tissue","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrous Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0225331"}]}}{"C25267":{"preferredName":"Lymphatic","code":"C25267","definitions":[{"description":"Of, or relating to, or produced by lymph.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lymphatic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522604"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lymphatic"}]}}{"C33718":{"preferredName":"Synovial Fluid","code":"C33718","definitions":[{"description":"The fluid within a joint capsule.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A viscid fluid secreted by the synovial membrane, serving as a lubricant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLUID, SYNOVIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"SYNOVIAL FLUID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Synovia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Synovia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Synovial Fluid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039097"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Synovial_Fluid"}]}}{"C96299":{"preferredName":"Tendon Sheath","code":"C96299","definitions":[{"description":"A membranous sheet that envelops a tendon.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sheath that envelops a tendon.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TENDON SHEATH","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tendon Sheath","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tenosynovium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0224856"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"}]}}{"C12299":{"preferredName":"Nipple","code":"C12299","definitions":[{"description":"In anatomy, the small raised area in the center of the breast through which milk can flow to the outside.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The protuberance in the skin where the ducts of the mammary gland open.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The pigmented protuberance on the surface of the breast through which milk is drawn from the breast.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"NIPPLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nipple","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nipple","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nipple","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028109"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nipple"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nipple"}]}}{"C12368":{"preferredName":"Areola","code":"C12368","definitions":[{"description":"The area of dark-colored skin on the breast that surrounds the nipple.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The pigmented circle or ring of skin that surrounds the nipple.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Areola","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"areola","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0222608"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Areola"}]}}{"C12300":{"preferredName":"Central Portion of the Breast","code":"C12300","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the breast which is in the center.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Central Portion of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Portion of the Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central portion of breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0222595"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Central_Portion_of_the_Breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Central portion of breast"}]}}{"C12301":{"preferredName":"Upper-Inner Quadrant of the Breast","code":"C12301","definitions":[{"description":"The quarter of the breast which is superior and medial.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Upper-Inner Quadrant of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper-Inner Quadrant of the Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper-inner quadrant of breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0222596"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Upper-inner_Quadrant_of_the_Breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Upper-inner quadrant of breast"}]}}{"C12302":{"preferredName":"Lower-Inner Quadrant of the Breast","code":"C12302","definitions":[{"description":"The quarter of the breast which is inferior and medial.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lower-Inner Quadrant of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower-Inner Quadrant of the Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower-inner quadrant of breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0222597"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lower-inner_Quadrant_of_the_Breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lower-inner quadrant of breast"}]}}{"C12303":{"preferredName":"Upper-Outer Quadrant of the Breast","code":"C12303","definitions":[{"description":"The quarter of the breast which is superior and lateral.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Upper-Outer Quadrant of the Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Upper-outer quadrant of breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0222598"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Upper-outer_Quadrant_of_the_Breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Upper-outer quadrant of breast"}]}}{"C12304":{"preferredName":"Lower-Outer Quadrant of the Breast","code":"C12304","definitions":[{"description":"The quarter of the breast which is inferior and lateral.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lower-Outer Quadrant of Breast","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower-Outer Quadrant of the Breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower-outer quadrant of breast","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0222599"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lower-outer_Quadrant_of_the_Breast"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lower-outer quadrant of breast"}]}}{"C12305":{"preferredName":"Axillary Tail of the Breast","code":"C12305","definitions":[{"description":"The superolateral extension of the mammary gland into the axilla that consists of fibroadipose tissue, lymph nodes, and 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It runs from the abdomen to the testicle, and connects to the testicle in the scrotum (external sac).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A tube-like structure composed of the vas deferens and surrounding tissue layers, that runs from the abdomen to each of the testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spermatic Cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spermatic Cord","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Spermatic cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"spermatic cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"testicular cord","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037855"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spermatic_Cord"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spermatic cord"}]}}{"C33822":{"preferredName":"Tunica Vaginalis","code":"C33822","definitions":[{"description":"The visceral and parietal serous membranes lining the testicular pouch.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Serous membrane that covers the testicles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TUNICA VAGINALIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tunica Vaginalis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tunica Vaginalis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0228014"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tunica_Vaginalis"}]}}{"C25225":{"preferredName":"Renal","code":"C25225","definitions":[{"description":"Of or pertaining to the kidney.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Renal","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL317975"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Renal"}]}}{"C106203":{"preferredName":"Ureteropelvic Junction","code":"C106203","definitions":[{"description":"The area where the ureter joins the renal pelvis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"UPJ","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ureteropelvic Junction","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227680"}]}}{"C12927":{"preferredName":"Renal Calyx","code":"C12927","definitions":[{"description":"An intrarenal space located in the renal medulla that serves to collect and transport urine.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Renal Calix","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Calyces","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Calyx","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022651"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Renal_Calyx"}]}}{"C12331":{"preferredName":"Bladder Trigone","code":"C12331","definitions":[{"description":"The triangular area in the bladder mucosa that is formed by the two ureteral orifices and the urethral orifice. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The triangular area in the bladder mucosa that is formed by the two ureteral orifices and the urethral orifice.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLADDER, TRIGONE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bladder Trigone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Trigone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Trigone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Trigone of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Trigone of bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Trigone of the Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Urinary Bladder Trigone","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0447586"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bladder_Trigone"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Trigone of bladder"}]}}{"C12332":{"preferredName":"Dome of the Bladder","code":"C12332","definitions":[{"description":"The upper, convex surface of the bladder. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The upper, convex surface of the bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLADDER, DOME","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Dome of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dome of bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Dome of the Bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dome of the Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dome of the Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Superior Surface of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Superior Surface of the Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1288328"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dome_of_the_Bladder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dome of bladder"}]}}{"C12333":{"preferredName":"Lateral Wall of the Bladder","code":"C12333","definitions":[{"description":"The aspect of the bladder wall that is located on the side.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lateral Wall of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lateral Wall of the Bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lateral wall of bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Wall, Lateral","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0447583"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lateral_Wall_of_the_Bladder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lateral wall of bladder"}]}}{"C12334":{"preferredName":"Anterior Wall of the Bladder","code":"C12334","definitions":[{"description":"The anterior aspect of the bladder wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anterior Wall of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anterior Wall of the Bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anterior wall of bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Wall, Anterior","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0559280"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Anterior_Wall_of_the_Bladder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anterior wall of bladder"}]}}{"C12335":{"preferredName":"Posterior Wall of the Bladder","code":"C12335","definitions":[{"description":"The posterior aspect of the bladder wall.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Posterior Wall of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Posterior Wall of the Bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Posterior wall of bladder","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Wall, Posterior","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227701"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Posterior_Wall_of_the_Bladder"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Posterior wall of bladder"}]}}{"C12336":{"preferredName":"Bladder Neck","code":"C12336","definitions":[{"description":"The inferior portion of the urinary bladder which is formed as the walls of the bladder converge and become contiguous with the proximal urethra. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The inferior portion of the urinary bladder which is formed as the walls of the bladder converge and become contiguous with the proximal urethra.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BLADDER, NECK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Bladder Neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bladder Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Bladder neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cervix Vesicae","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Neck of Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neck of the Bladder","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227716"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bladder_Neck"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bladder neck"}]}}{"C12337":{"preferredName":"Ureteric Orifice","code":"C12337","definitions":[{"description":"The opening of the ureter in the bladder that is situated at the lateral angle of the trigone.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The opening of the ureter in the bladder that is situated at the lateral angle of the trigone.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Orifice of the Ureter","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"URETERIC ORIFICE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ureteral Opening","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ureteric Orifice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Ureteric Orifice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ureteric orifice","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Uteric Orifice","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0447577"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ureteric_Orifice"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ureteric orifice"}]}}{"C12338":{"preferredName":"Urachus","code":"C12338","definitions":[{"description":"A cord of fibrous tissue that extends from the urinary bladder to the umbilicus; the urachus is a remnant of the fetal urinary canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A fibrous cord that connects the urinary bladder to the umbilicus (navel). The urachus is formed as the allantoic stalk during fetal development and lasts through life.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A cord of fibrous tissue that extends from the urinary bladder to the umbilicus. The urachus is a remnant of the fetal urinary canal.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"URACHAL TRACT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Urachus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Urachus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"median umbilical ligament","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"urachus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0041916"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Urachus"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Urachus"}]}}{"C32395":{"preferredName":"Cowper Gland","code":"C32395","definitions":[{"description":"The exocrine glands of the male reproductive system located at the base of the penis.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Paired exocrine glands located at the base of the penis, positioned posterior and lateral to the urethra, that produce and secrete a clear viscous liquid that lubricates the urethra in preparation for the passage of sperm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bulbourethral Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cowper Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cowper's Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cowper's Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLAND, BULBOURETHRAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0006366"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cowper_s_Gland"}]}}{"C63862":{"preferredName":"Prostatic Utricle","code":"C63862","definitions":[{"description":"A small indentation located in the prostatic urethra, at the apex of the urethral crest, on the seminal colliculus, laterally flanked by openings of the ejaculatory ducts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Prostatic Utricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Utricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227736"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Prostatic_Utricle"}]}}{"C49311":{"preferredName":"Gland of Littre","code":"C49311","definitions":[{"description":"Any of the glands located at the wall of the urethra of male mammals that produce and secrete mucus, a major component of semen.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gland of Littre","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gland of Littré","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Periurethral Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urethral Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1314737"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Urethral_Gland"}]}}{"C61122":{"preferredName":"Skene Gland","code":"C61122","definitions":[{"description":"A gland located in the anterior wall of the vagina that drains into the urethra at the opening.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Paraurethral Skene Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skene Gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Skene's Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0227782"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Skene_s_Gland"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Paraurethral gland"}]}}{"C12342":{"preferredName":"Cornea","code":"C12342","definitions":[{"description":"The transparent part of the eye that covers the iris and the pupil and allows light to enter the inside.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The transparent, avascular tissue covering the front of the eye and is continuous with the sclera.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A dome-shaped, transparent, avascular tissue covering the front of the eye. It is composed of five layers: squamous epithelium, Bowman's membrane, stroma, Descemet's membrane, and endothelium. Refraction of light contributing to eye's focusing ability is its characteristic function. It contains unmyelinated nerve endings which are responsible for the high sensitivity of the tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CORNEA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Cornea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cornea, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"EYE, CORNEA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Human Cornea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"cornea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010031"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cornea"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cornea, NOS"}]}}{"C12823":{"preferredName":"Corneoscleral Limbus","code":"C12823","definitions":[{"description":"The transitional zone where the cornea becomes continuous with the sclera.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Corneal Limbus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Corneoscleral Limbus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085376"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Corneoscleral_Limbus"}]}}{"C12344":{"preferredName":"Choroid","code":"C12344","definitions":[{"description":"A blood vessel-containing membrane of the eye that lies between the retina and the sclera. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A thin layer of tissue that is part of the middle layer of the wall of the eye, between the sclera (white outer layer of the eye) and the retina (the inner layer of nerve tissue at the back of the eye). The choriod is filled with blood vessels that bring oxygen and nutrients to the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A blood vessel-containing membrane of the eye that lies between the retina and the sclera.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CHOROID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Choroid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Choroid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Choroid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EYE, CHOROID","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"choroid","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008520"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Choroid"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Choroid"}]}}{"C12345":{"preferredName":"Ciliary Body","code":"C12345","definitions":[{"description":"A part of the middle layer of the wall of the eye. The ciliary body includes the ring-shaped muscle that changes the size of the pupil and the shape of the lens when the eye focuses. It also makes the fluid that fills the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Circumferential tissue located behind the iris and composed of muscle and epithelium.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Tissue located behind the iris and composed of muscle and epithelium. Its functions include the production of aqueous humor and changing the shape of the crystalline lens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CILIARY BODY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ciliary Body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Ciliary Body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ciliary body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"EYE, CILIARY BODY","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"ciliary body","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008779"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ciliary_Body"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ciliary body"}]}}{"C12743":{"preferredName":"Lens","code":"C12743","definitions":[{"description":"A clear disk that focuses light, as in a camera or microscope. In the eye, the lens is a clear, curved structure at the front of the eye behind the pupil. It focuses light rays that enter the eye through the pupil, making an image on the retina (light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of the eye).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The structure of the eye through which light is focused onto the retina.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A biconvex transparent structure of the eye through which light is focused on the retina. The lens sits behind the iris and is supported by the zonule, which connects it to the ciliary body. The lens is an avascular structure.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Crystalline Lens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Crystalline Lens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EYE, LENS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"LENS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lens","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lens of Eye","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ocular Lens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ocular Lens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"lens","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023317"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Crystalline_Lens"}]}}{"C38255":{"preferredName":"Intraocular Route of Administration","code":"C38255","definitions":[{"description":"Administration of a medicinal product into the eye. The term 'intraocular use' is only for use when a more specific term (e.g. 'intracameral use', 'intravitreal use') does not apply. Ocular use and subconjunctival use are excluded.","attr":null,"defSource":"EDQM-HC"},{"description":"Administration within the eye. (FDA)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Administration of a drug within the eye. Intraocular drugs are almost always used for their local effects.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"I-OCUL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"I-OCUL","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"INTRAOCULAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"INTRAOCULAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Intraocular","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraocular Route of Administration","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intraocular use","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"EDQM-HC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522223"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Route of Administration (C-DRG-00301)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"EDQM-HC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intraocular_Route_of_Drug_Administration"}]}}{"C12737":{"preferredName":"Iris","code":"C12737","definitions":[{"description":"The colored tissue at the front of the eye that contains the pupil in the center. The iris helps control the size of the pupil to let more or less light into the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The tissue in the eye that separates the anterior chamber from the posterior chamber.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The colored disc of the eye composed of connective tissue, epithelium, and endothelium. It separates the anterior chamber from the posterior chamber.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EYE, IRIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"IRIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Iris","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Iris","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"iris","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0022077"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Iris"}]}}{"C12784":{"preferredName":"Sclera","code":"C12784","definitions":[{"description":"The fibrous, outer tunic of the eyeball that is continuous with the cornea.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The white layer of the eye that covers most of the outside of the eyeball.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The white, opaque, fibrous, outer tunic of the eyeball, covering it entirely excepting the segment covered anteriorly by the cornea. It is essentially avascular but contains apertures for vessels, lymphatics, and nerves. It receives the tendons of insertion of the extraocular muscles and at the corneoscleral junction contains the canal of Schlemm. (From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EYE, SCLERA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Human Sclera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"SCLERA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Sclera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"White of Eye","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"sclera","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0036410"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sclera"}]}}{"C12811":{"preferredName":"Uvea","code":"C12811","definitions":[{"description":"The middle layer of the wall of the eye. The uvea has 3 main parts: (1) the choroid (the tissue layer filled with blood vessels); (2) the ciliary body (the ring of muscle tissue that changes the size of the pupil and the shape of the lens); and (3) the iris (the colored part of the eye).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The pigmented layer of the eyeball between the tough, white outer coat of the eye and the retina. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The pigmented layer of the eyeball between the tough, white outer coat of the eye and the retina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Iris, Ciliary Body and Choroid","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tunica Vasculosa of Eyeball","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"UVEA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Uvea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Uvea","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Uveal Tract","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"uvea","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"uveal tract","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042160"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Uvea"}]}}{"C32909":{"preferredName":"Lacrimal Sac","code":"C32909","definitions":[{"description":"An oval shaped cavity at the upper extremity of the nasal duct.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lacrimal Sac","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229289"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lacrimal_Sac"}]}}{"C33161":{"preferredName":"Nasolacrimal Duct","code":"C33161","definitions":[{"description":"A duct that conveys tears from the eye to the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A tube-like structure that conveys tears from the lacrimal sac to the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DUCT, NASOLACRIMAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nasolacrimal Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027437"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nasolacrimal_Duct"}]}}{"C33199":{"preferredName":"Extraocular Muscle","code":"C33199","definitions":[{"description":"A group of muscles in the orbit extending from the posterior orbit to the eye and upper eyelid; primary function is the movement of the eye and retraction of the upper eyelid.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A group of extrinsic muscles that are responsible for moving the eye and lifting the eyelid. These include: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, and levator palpebrae superioris, all innervated by CN III (oculomotor nerve), superior oblique, innervated by CN IV (trochlear nerve), lateral rectus, innervated by CN VI (abducens nerve).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EOM","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Extraocular Muscle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MUSCLE, EXTRAOCULAR","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oculomotor Muscle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028863"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oculomotor_Muscle"}]}}{"C12349":{"preferredName":"Cerebral Meninges","code":"C12349","definitions":[{"description":"The membranes that envelop and protect the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebral Meninges","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cerebral meninges","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0228116"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cerebral_Meninges"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cerebral meninges"}]}}{"C49332":{"preferredName":"Brain Dura Mater","code":"C49332","definitions":[{"description":"The outermost, toughest, and most fibrous of the membranes (meninges) that surround and protect the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Brain Dura Mater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Human Dura Mater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0459393"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cerebral_Dura_Mater"}]}}{"C32584":{"preferredName":"Falx Cerebelli","code":"C32584","definitions":[{"description":"A small triangular process of dura matter beginning at the internal occipital crest just beneath the tentorium and projecting forward.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Falx Cerebelli","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0228122"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Falx_Cerebelli"}]}}{"C12890":{"preferredName":"Falx Cerebri","code":"C12890","definitions":[{"description":"A double-fold of dura mater that lies within the medial longitudinal fissure, and which separates the two cerebral hemispheres. It is attached rostrally to the crista galli and caudally to the surface of the tentorium cerebelli.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebral Falx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Falx Cerebri","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Falx of Cerebrum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0228120"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Falx_Cerebri"}]}}{"C33749":{"preferredName":"Tentorium Cerebelli","code":"C33749","definitions":[{"description":"A laminar extension of the dura mater that lies between, and separates, the cerebrum and the cerebellum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A dural partition that separates the occipital lobes of the cerebrum from the cerebellum and divides the cranial cavity into supratentorial and infratentorial compartments; it helps to stabilize the brain within the cranial cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TENTORIUM CEREBELLI","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tentorium Cerebelli","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0228121"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Tentorium_Cerebelli"}]}}{"C12350":{"preferredName":"Spinal Meninges","code":"C12350","definitions":[{"description":"Connective tissue membranes that surround and support the spinal cord and cauda equina. They are continuous with cranial meninges, which surround and support the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spinal Meninges","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spinal Meninx","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spinal meninges","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0037938"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spinal_Meninges"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spinal meninges"}]}}{"C49799":{"preferredName":"Spinal Cord Dura Mater","code":"C49799","definitions":[],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Spinal Cord Dura Mater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0228124"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Spinal_Cord_Dura_Mater"}]}}{"C32488":{"preferredName":"Dura Mater","code":"C32488","definitions":[{"description":"The outermost, toughest, and most fibrous of the three membranes (meninges) that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Dura","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Dura Mater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0013313"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Dura_Mater"}]}}{"C33321":{"preferredName":"Pia Mater","code":"C33321","definitions":[{"description":"The delicate, highly vascular, innermost membrane encasing the brain and spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pia Mater","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0031869"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pia_Mater"}]}}{"C12447":{"preferredName":"Basal Ganglia","code":"C12447","definitions":[{"description":"Clusters of neurons comprising the globus pallidus, putamen, caudate, nucleus accumbens, substantia nigra and subthalamic nucleus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Clusters of neurons comprising the globus pallidus, putamen, caudate, nucleus accumbens, substantia nigra and subthalamic nucleus. They are involved with high level aspects of inhibitory motor activity in coordination with the excitation commands issued from the cerebellum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BASAL GANGLIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"BRAIN, BASAL GANGLIA","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Basal Ganglia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0004781"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Basal_Ganglia"}]}}{"C49347":{"preferredName":"Cerebral White Matter","code":"C49347","definitions":[{"description":"A type of brain tissue in the cerebrum consisting of myelinated axons and glial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebral White Matter","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0152295"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cerebral_White_Matter"}]}}{"C12448":{"preferredName":"Corpus Striatum","code":"C12448","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the brain consisting of the neostriatum and globus pallidus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The striped grey and white matter that comprises the caudate and the lentiform nuclei, and is located anterior and lateral to the thalamus in each hemisphere of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CORPUS STRIATUM","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Corpus Striatum","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Striate Body","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Striate Nucleus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Striatum","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010097"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Corpus_Striatum"}]}}{"C12449":{"preferredName":"Globus Pallidus","code":"C12449","definitions":[{"description":"Paired nuclei at the base of the forebrain that, along with the putamen, form the lentiform nucleus of the basal ganglia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A sub-cortical, paired nuclei that, though migrated to the telencephalon, is a critical part of the basal ganglia, along with the caudate nucleus and the putamen, the latter of which it joins to form the lentiform nucleus. Each nucleus is subdivided into internal and external parts, called globus pallidus interna and globus pallidus externa, which are separated by an internal medullary lamina.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GLOBUS PALLIDUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Globus Pallidus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017651"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Globus_Pallidus"}]}}{"C12458":{"preferredName":"Hypothalamus","code":"C12458","definitions":[{"description":"A small region of the brain composed of multiple nuclei and located underneath the thalamus.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The area of the brain that controls body temperature, hunger, and thirst.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An important supervisory center in the brain, rich in ganglia, nerve fibers, and synaptic connections. It is composed of several sections called nuclei, each of which controls a specific function. The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, blood pressure, heartbeat, metabolism of fats and carbohydrates, and sugar levels in the blood. Through direct attachment to the pituitary gland, the hypothalamus also meters secretions controlling water balance and milk production in the female. The role of the hypothalamus in awareness of pleasure and pain is well established in the laboratory. It is involved in the expression of emotions, such as fear and rage, and in sexual behaviors. Despite its numerous vital functions, the hypothalamus in humans accounts for only 1/300 of total brain weight, and is about the size of an almond. Structurally, it is joined to the thalamus; the two work together to monitor the sleep-wake cycle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, HYPOTHALAMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"HYPOTHALAMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypothalamus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"hypothalamus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020663"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hypothalamus"}]}}{"C13082":{"preferredName":"Internal Capsule","code":"C13082","definitions":[{"description":"A white matter structure in the subcortical region of the brain that contains a high concentration of motor and sensory projection nerve fibers. It consists of the anterior limb, genu, posterior limb, and the retrolentiform and sublentiform parts.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Internal Capsule","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0152341"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Internal_Capsule"}]}}{"C12452":{"preferredName":"Putamen","code":"C12452","definitions":[{"description":"The grey matter, located between the globus pallidus and the external capsule of the brain, that comprises the lateral dorsal striatum of the basal ganglia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A structure located in the middle of the brain. The putamen is part of the basal ganglia and together with the caudate forms the striatum that influences motor activity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PUTAMEN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Putamen","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Putamen","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034169"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Putamen"}]}}{"C12512":{"preferredName":"Supratentorial Brain","code":"C12512","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the brain above the tentorium cerebellum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The part of the brain that is located superior to the tentorium cerebelli.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SUPRATENTORIAL BRAIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Supratentorial Anatomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supratentorial Brain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Supratentorial Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1522407"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Supratentorial_Brain"}]}}{"C12459":{"preferredName":"Thalamus","code":"C12459","definitions":[{"description":"An area of the brain that helps process information from the senses and transmit it to other parts of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The portion of the diencephalon forming most of each lateral wall of the third ventricle.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"An ovoid mass composed predominantly of gray substance and associated laminae of white substance. The thalamus is divided into anterior, medial, and lateral parts. The function of the thalamus is to relay sensory impulses and cerebellar and basal ganglia projections to the cerebral cortex. The thalamus is positioned within the posterior part of the diencephalon forming most of each lateral wall of the third ventricle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, THALAMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Dorsal Thalamus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"THALAMUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thalamus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thalamus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"thalamus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0039729"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thalamus"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0010225"}]}}{"C126737":{"preferredName":"Frontal Pole","code":"C126737","definitions":[{"description":"The anterior pointed end of a cerebral hemisphere.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Frontal Pole","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Frontal pole","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0149546"}]}}{"C33831":{"preferredName":"Uncus","code":"C33831","definitions":[{"description":"The anterior-most portion of the parahippocampal gyrus; it is part of the piriform cortex of the olfactory system.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Uncus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0228252"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Uncus"}]}}{"C12356":{"preferredName":"Brain Ventricle","code":"C12356","definitions":[{"description":"The four connected cavities (hollow spaces) centrally located within the brain that connect posteriorly with the central canal of the spinal cord. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The four connected cavities (hollow spaces) centrally located within the brain that connect posteriorly with the central canal of the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN VENTRICLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Brain Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Brain Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Ventricle of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricle, Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricle, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Ventricles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricles, Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007799"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ventricle_Brain"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ventricle, NOS"}]}}{"C32309":{"preferredName":"Choroid Plexus of the Lateral Ventricle","code":"C32309","definitions":[{"description":"A vascular fringe projecting from the choroidal fissure into each lateral ventricle where cerebrospinal fluid is produced.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Choroid Plexus of the Lateral Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0152289"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Choroid_Plexus_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle"}]}}{"C49782":{"preferredName":"Choroid Plexus of the Third Ventricle","code":"C49782","definitions":[{"description":"Two rows of vascular fringes projecting from the underside of the tela choroidea where it exists over the third ventricle where cerebrospinal fluid is produced.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Choroid Plexus of the Third Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0152291"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Choroid_Plexus_of_the_Third_Ventricle"}]}}{"C12694":{"preferredName":"Choroid Plexus","code":"C12694","definitions":[{"description":"Blood vessels and ependyma forming villous structures in the ventricles of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Blood vessels forming villous structures in the third, fourth, and lateral ventricles of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, CHOROID PLEXUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"CHOROID PLEXUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Choroid Plexus","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0008524"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Choroid_Plexus"}]}}{"C13078":{"preferredName":"Ependyma","code":"C13078","definitions":[{"description":"A thin membrane that lines the fluid-filled spaces in the brain and spinal cord. It is made up of a type of glial cell called an ependymal cell.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A thin membrane that lines the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ependyma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ependymal Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"ependyma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0014472"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ependyma"}]}}{"C12834":{"preferredName":"Lateral Ventricle","code":"C12834","definitions":[{"description":"The rostral extensions of the ventricular system of the brain consisting of two cavities, one on each side of the brain within the central regions of each cerebral hemisphere. Cerebrospinal fluid flows from the lateral ventricles into the centrally third ventricle via the foramen of Monroe. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The rostral extensions of the ventricular system of the brain consisting of two cavities, one on each side of the brain within the central regions of each cerebral hemisphere. Cerebrospinal fluid flows from the lateral ventricles into the centrally third ventricle via the foramen of Monroe.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN VENTRICLE, LATERAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lateral Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lateral Ventricle of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lateral Ventricles","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricle, Lateral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricles, Lateral","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0152279"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lateral_Ventricle"}]}}{"C12827":{"preferredName":"Third Ventricle","code":"C12827","definitions":[{"description":"A centrally placed component of the ventricular system of the brain that is located in the diencephalon; the thalamus and the hypothalamus border the third ventricle.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A centrally placed component of the ventricular system of the brain located in the diencephalon. Cerebrospinal fluid from the lateral ventricles flows into the third ventricle via the foramina of Monroe and exits the third ventricle via the aqueduct of Sylvius. The thalamus and hypothalamus border the lateral walls of the third ventricle.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"BRAIN, THIRD VENTRICLE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Third Cerebral Ventricle","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Third Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Third Ventricle of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ventricle, Third","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0149555"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Third_Ventricle_of_Brain"}]}}{"C54057":{"preferredName":"Cerebellopontine Angle","code":"C54057","definitions":[{"description":"A region of the brain at the junction of the pons, cerebellum, and medulla. It is a frequent site of tumor formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebellopontine Angle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007764"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cerebellopontine_Angle"}]}}{"C33866":{"preferredName":"Vermis","code":"C33866","definitions":[{"description":"A medial narrow structure connecting the two hemispheres of the cerebellum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Vermis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vermis of Cerebelli","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0228482"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vermis"}]}}{"C32291":{"preferredName":"Cerebral Peduncle","code":"C32291","definitions":[{"description":"A region of the brain encompassing the crus cerebri and the midbrain tegmentum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cerebral Peduncle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007793"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cerebral_Peduncle"}]}}{"C32308":{"preferredName":"Choroid Plexus of the Fourth Ventricle","code":"C32308","definitions":[{"description":"Two vascular fringes, one on each side of the lower part of the roof of the fourth ventricle where cerebrospinal fluid is produced.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Choroid Plexus of the Fourth Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0152293"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Choroid_Plexus_of_the_Fourth_Ventricle"}]}}{"C12828":{"preferredName":"Fourth Ventricle","code":"C12828","definitions":[{"description":"A diamond-shaped cavity filled with cerebrospinal fluid within the pons extending between the obex in the caudal medulla and the aqueduct of Sylvius in the cerebellum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fourth Ventricle","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fourth Ventricle of Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fourth Ventricle of the Brain","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0149556"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fourth_Ventricle_of_the_Brain"}]}}{"C12509":{"preferredName":"Infratentorial Brain","code":"C12509","definitions":[{"description":"The part of the brain below the tentorium cerebellum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A region in the brain that is located below the tentorium cerebelli and contains the cerebellum.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INFRATENTORIAL BRAIN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Infratentorial Anatomy","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infratentorial Brain","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infratentorial Nervous System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0228067"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infratentorial_Brain"}]}}{"C12442":{"preferredName":"Medulla Oblongata","code":"C12442","definitions":[{"description":"The portion of the brainstem between the pons and cervical spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The lower portion of the brainstem located between the pons and brainstem. 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It supports the temporal lobes of the cerebrum and the pituitary gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Middle Cranial Fossa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0230045"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Middle_Fossa"}]}}{"C33361":{"preferredName":"Posterior Cranial Fossa","code":"C33361","definitions":[{"description":"The infratentorial compartment of the cranial cavity. Its boundaries are formed by the sphenoid bone, temporal bone, and parietal bone, and it contains the cerebellum and brain stem.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Posterior Cranial Fossa","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Posterior Cranial Fossa","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0010265"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Posterior_Fossa"}]}}{"C42602":{"preferredName":"Suprasellar Region","code":"C42602","definitions":[{"description":"The area above or over the sella turcica.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Suprasellar","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Suprasellar Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0230054"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Suprasellar_Region"}]}}{"C12832":{"preferredName":"Conus Medullaris","code":"C12832","definitions":[{"description":"The terminal, cone-shaped end of the spinal cord.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Conus Medullaris","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0149601"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Conus_Medullaris"}]}}{"C12689":{"preferredName":"Cauda Equina","code":"C12689","definitions":[{"description":"The collection of spinal nerve roots, arising from lumbar pairs two through five, sacral pairs one through five, and the coccygeal nerve, that branch off the conus medularis at the termination of the spinal cord, and float freely within the lumbar cistern before exiting the spinal column at the appropriate vertebra.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cauda Equina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cauda equina","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0007458"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cauda_Equina"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cauda equina"}]}}{"C12759":{"preferredName":"Olfactory Nerve","code":"C12759","definitions":[{"description":"The first cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The first cranial nerve. It is the shortest cranial nerve and of paramount importance in the sense of smell. Its neurons are in the olfactory mucosa in the nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cranial Nerve I","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"First Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OLFACTORY NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Olfactory Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Olfactory nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028938"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Olfactory_Nerve"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Olfactory nerve"}]}}{"C12761":{"preferredName":"Optic Nerve","code":"C12761","definitions":[{"description":"A cranial nerve extending between the retina and optic chiasma, which innervates the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The nerve that carries messages from the retina to the 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Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cochlear Root of Eighth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0009201"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cochlear_Nerve"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Acoustic nerve"}]}}{"C12665":{"preferredName":"Abducens Nerve","code":"C12665","definitions":[{"description":"The sixth cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A cranial nerve that supplies motor impulses to the lateral rectus muscle of the eye.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ABDUCENS NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Abducens Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cranial Nerve VI","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nervus Abducens","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sixth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0000741"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Abducens_Nerve"}]}}{"C32041":{"preferredName":"Accessory Nerve","code":"C32041","definitions":[{"description":"The eleventh cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The 11th cranial nerve, which sends motor impulses to the muscles of the upper thorax, back, shoulders, and pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ACCESSORY NERVE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Accessory Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Accessory Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"CRANIAL ACCESSORY NERVE","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Eleventh Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SPINAL ACCESSORY NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Spinal Accessory Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0000905"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Accessory_Nerve"}]}}{"C12714":{"preferredName":"Facial Nerve","code":"C12714","definitions":[{"description":"A cranial nerve extending from the brain stem between the pons and medulla, which innervates the facial muscles, glands and the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Cranial nerve VII, which originates in the brainstem between the pons and the medulla. It controls the facial expression muscles and transports taste and sensation from the tongue and mouth.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FACIAL NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Facial Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NERVE, FACIAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Seventh Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Seventh Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0015462"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Facial_Nerve"}]}}{"C12723":{"preferredName":"Glossopharyngeal Nerve","code":"C12723","definitions":[{"description":"The ninth cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The ninth cranial nerve. It originates in the brainstem and passes through the jugular foramen. It has motor and sensory functions that relate to the tongue, pharynx and middle ear.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cranial Nerve IX","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Glossopharyngeal Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nervus Glossopharyngeus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ninth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0017679"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Glossopharyngeal_Nerve"}]}}{"C12732":{"preferredName":"Hypoglossal Nerve","code":"C12732","definitions":[{"description":"The twelfth cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The twelfth cranial nerve. It arises from the hypoglossal nucleus and leads to the tongue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Hypoglossal Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hypoglossal Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Twelfth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0020614"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hypoglossal_Nerve"}]}}{"C12758":{"preferredName":"Oculomotor Nerve","code":"C12758","definitions":[{"description":"The third cranial nerve.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The third cranial nerve that originates originating at the oculomotor nerve nucleus at the level of the superior colliculus in the midbrain, provides motor innervation to the levator palpebrae superioris, the superior, inferior, and medial rectus muscles, and the inferior oblique muscles, and provides parasympathetic innervation to the ciliary ganglion.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cranial Nerve III","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"OCULOMOTOR NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oculomotor Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Third Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0028864"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oculomotor_Nerve"}]}}{"C12806":{"preferredName":"Trigeminal Nerve","code":"C12806","definitions":[{"description":"A cranial nerve extending from the pons, which innervates the skin, mucous membranes, and masticatory muscles of the head.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The main sensory nerve of the head and face, and the motor nerve of the muscles used in chewing.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The fifth set of paired nerves of the face that emerge from the brain steam. These nerves have sensory and motor functions in the face, oral cavity, and nasal cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cranial Nerve V","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fifth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Fifth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NERVE, TRIGEMINAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Nervus Trigeminus","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TRIGEMINAL NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Trigeminal Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"fifth cranial nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"trigeminal nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040996"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Trigeminal_Nerve"}]}}{"C12808":{"preferredName":"Trochlear Nerve","code":"C12808","definitions":[{"description":"The cranial nerve that controls the superior oblique muscle of the eye. 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It is the longest cranial nerve. It originates in the medulla and exits the cranium through the jugular foramen. It supplies various muscles, including muscles of the pharynx and soft palate.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cranial Nerve X","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"NERVE, VAGUS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Pneumogastric Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tenth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Tenth Cranial Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAGUS NERVE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Vagus Nerve","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vagus Nerve","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0042276"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Vagus_Nerve"}]}}{"C12755":{"preferredName":"Nervous System","code":"C12755","definitions":[{"description":"The organized network of nerve tissue in the body. It includes the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord), the peripheral nervous system (nerves that extend from the spinal cord to the rest of the body), and other nerve tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The entire nerve apparatus, composed of a central part, the brain and spinal cord, and a peripheral part, the cranial and spinal nerves, autonomic ganglia, and plexuses.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Body System, Neurologic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nervous System","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nervous system, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Neurologic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"ICDC"},{"termName":"Neurologic Body System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neurologic Organ System","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Organ System, Neurologic","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"nervous system","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027763"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"ICDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nervous_System"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nervous system, NOS"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E01"}]}}{"C49783":{"preferredName":"Thyroglossal Duct","code":"C49783","definitions":[{"description":"A tube-like structure present in the developing embryo that connects the area in which the thyroid gland initially develops, the oropharynx, to the final position of the thyroid gland in the newborn. This structure normally atrophies prior to birth but may persist in some cases.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Thyroglossal Duct","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0432381"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroglossal_Duct"}]}}{"C12396":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Cortex","code":"C12396","definitions":[{"description":"The outer part of the adrenal gland (a small organ on top of each kidney). The adrenal cortex makes androgen and corticosteroid hormones.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The outer region of the adrenal gland consisting of the zona glomerulosa, the zona fasciculata, and the zona reticularis. The adrenal cortex produces and secretes mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and adrenal androgens.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adrenal Cortex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortex of Adrenal Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cortex of adrenal gland","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Cortical","termGroup":"AD","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"adrenal cortex","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0001613"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adrenal_Cortex"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Cortex of adrenal gland"}]}}{"C12397":{"preferredName":"Adrenal Medulla","code":"C12397","definitions":[{"description":"The inner part of the adrenal gland (a small organ on top of each kidney). The adrenal medulla makes chemicals such as epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) which are involved in sending nerve signals.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"The inner region of the adrenal gland. 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(NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The limb that is composed of the hip, thigh, leg and foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LIMB, LOWER","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lower Extremity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower Extremity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Lower Extremity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Lower Extremity","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lower Limb","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lower extremity","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lower limb, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0023216"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Lower_Extremity"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lower limb, NOS"}]}}{"C33788":{"preferredName":"Toe","code":"C33788","definitions":[{"description":"One of the terminal digits of the foot. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"One of the terminal digits of the foot.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"TOE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Toe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Toe","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Toe","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0040357"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Toe"},{"name":"xRef","value":"UBERON:0001466"}]}}{"C147919":{"preferredName":"Ill-Defined Anatomic Site","code":"C147919","definitions":[{"description":"An anatomic site that is not specified or defined well enough to associate with a specific site.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ill-Defined Anatomic Site","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ill-Defined Site","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Other ill-defined sites","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL545798"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Other ill-defined sites"}]}}{"C93028":{"preferredName":"Flank","code":"C93028","definitions":[{"description":"The region on either side of the body that extends from the last rib to the hip.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"The region on either side of the body that extends from the last rib to the hip.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"FLANK","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Flank","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0230171"}]}}{"C12358":{"preferredName":"Head and Neck Lymph Node","code":"C12358","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph nodes found within the head and neck region of the body, which drain into the deep cervical nodes, either directly or indirectly. 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Any lymph node located in the head or neck.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Head and Neck Lymph Node","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Head and Neck Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Node of Head, Face and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph Nodes of Head, Face and Neck","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lymph nodes of head, face and neck","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1185605"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Head_and_Neck_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lymph nodes of head, face and neck"}]}}{"C103429":{"preferredName":"Preauricular Lymph Node","code":"C103429","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located anterior to the auricle of the ear. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located anterior to the auricle of the ear. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"PREAURICULAR LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Preauricular Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229713"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"}]}}{"C77649":{"preferredName":"Retropharyngeal Lymph Node","code":"C77649","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) in the retropharyngeal space.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located in the retropharyngeal space behind the upper part of the pharynx.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LYMPH NODE, RETROPHARYNGEAL","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"RETROPHARYNGEAL LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Retropharyngeal Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Suprapharyngeal Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Suprapharyngeal Lymph 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cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any lymph node within the thoracic cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"INTRATHORACIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Intra-Thoracic Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intrathoracic Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intrathoracic Lymph Node","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Intrathoracic Lymph Nodes","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intrathoracic lymph nodes","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1517562"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Intrathoracic_Lymph_Node"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intrathoracic lymph nodes"}]}}{"C32232":{"preferredName":"Bronchial Lymph Node","code":"C32232","definitions":[{"description":"Lymph node(s) 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(NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Lymph node located in the thoracic cavity.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"THORACIC LYMPH NODE","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Thoracic Lymph Node","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0229745"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thoracic_Lymph_Node"}]}}{"C103426":{"preferredName":"Paratracheal Lymph Node","code":"C103426","definitions":[{"description":"A lymph node located adjacent to the trachea within the mediastinum. (NCI)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A lymph node located adjacent to the trachea within the mediastinum. 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papillomatosis"}]}}{"C7152":{"preferredName":"Erythroleukemia","code":"C7152","definitions":[{"description":"Cancer of the blood-forming tissues in which large numbers of immature, abnormal red blood cells are found in the blood and bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Acute erythroid leukemia characterised by the presence of at least 50% erythroid precursors and at least 20% myeloblasts in the bone marrow.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Erythroleukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Erythroleukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Erythroleukemia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erythroleukemia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Erythroleukemia (Erythroid/Myeloid)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Erythroleukemia, 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(INHAND)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A gastrointestinal stromal tumor that is characterized by a maximum diameter equal or less than 5 cm (gastric localization), or equal or less than 2 cm (intestinal localization) and no more than 5 mitotic figures per 50 high power fields.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Benign Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMOR, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"GIST, Benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"GIST, benign","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, benign","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL449186"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8936/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Probably_Benign_Gastrointestinal_Stromal_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"GIST, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8936/0"}]}}{"C53999":{"preferredName":"Malignant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","code":"C53999","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm arising from specialized smooth muscle cells (i.e., interstitial cells of Cajal) in the tunica muscularis or myenteric plexus. (INHAND)","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A gastrointestinal stromal tumor that is characterized by large size (diameter greater than 10 cm for gastric localization and greater than 5 cm for intestinal localization) or more than 5 mitotic figures per 50 high power fields.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"GASTROINTESTINAL STROMA TUMOR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"GIST, Malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"GIST, malignant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Malignant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL497447"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8936/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Probably_Malignant_Gastrointestinal_Stromal_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastrointestinal stromal sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8936/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"GIST, malignant"}]}}{"C7017":{"preferredName":"Granular Cell Tumor of the Sellar Region","code":"C7017","definitions":[{"description":"A generally benign intrasellar and/or suprasellar mass arising from the neurohypophysis or infundibulum. It is composed of nests of large cells with granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm due to abundant intracytoplasmic lysosomes. It generally has a slow progression and lacks invasive growth. (Adapted from WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Granular Cell Tumor of Neurohypophysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Tumor of the Neurohypophysis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Tumor of the Neurohypophysis (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Tumor of the Posterior Pituitary Gland","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular Cell Tumor of the Sellar Region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Granular cell tumor of the sellar region","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1333873"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9582/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Granular_Cell_Tumor_of_the_Neurohypophysis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granular cell tumor of sellar region"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Granular cell tumor of the sellar region"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9582/0"}]}}{"C46068":{"preferredName":"Thyroid Gland Hurthle (Oncocytic) Cell Neoplasm","code":"C46068","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon type of thyroid tumor that can be benign or malignant.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An adenoma or carcinoma arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. It is composed of large oncocytic cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hurthle cell neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Hurthle cell neoplasm (thyroid)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTEP"},{"termName":"Hurthle cell tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Hurthle (Oncocytic) Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Hurthle (Oncocytic) Cell Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Hurthle Cell Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Oncocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thyroid Gland Oncocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0949541"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTEP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thyroid_Gland_Oncocytic_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hurthle cell tumor"}]}}{"C7151":{"preferredName":"Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease","code":"C7151","definitions":[{"description":"A plasma cell neoplasm characterized by the deposition of immunoglobulin in tissues, resulting in impaired organ function. It includes the following entities: primary amyloidosis, heavy chain deposition disease, and light chain deposition disease.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Immunoglobulin deposition disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL357425"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9769/1"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Monoclonal_Immunoglobulin_Deposition_Disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Immunoglobulin deposition disease"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9769/1"}]}}{"C96878":{"preferredName":"Gallbladder Intracholecystic Papillary (Tubular) Neoplasm with Intermediate Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","code":"C96878","definitions":[{"description":"An intracholecystic papillary neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the gallbladder. It is characterized by the presence of moderate epithelial atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Gallbladder Intracholecystic Papillary (Tubular) Neoplasm with Intermediate Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Gallbladder Papillary Neoplasm with Intermediate Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Intracystic papillary neoplasm with intermediate grade intraepithelial neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273094"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8503/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intracystic papillary neoplasm with intermediate grade intraepithelial neoplasia"}]}}{"C4375":{"preferredName":"Nesidioblastosis","code":"C4375","definitions":[{"description":"A sporadic or inherited disorder characterized by the focal or diffuse proliferation of the cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. It results in hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Islet Cell Adenomatosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Islet cell adenomatosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Nesidioblastosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nesidioblastosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0027773"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Islet_Cell_Adenomatosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Nesidioblastosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Islet cell adenomatosis"}]}}{"C9502":{"preferredName":"Myolipoma","code":"C9502","definitions":[{"description":"A benign extrauterine tumor composed of mature adipocytes and smooth muscle cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Extrauterine Lipoleiomyoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myolipoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myolipoma of Soft Tissue","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1096309"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Myolipoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lipoleiomyoma"}]}}{"C66808":{"preferredName":"Medulloepithelioma Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C66808","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, unilateral, benign or malignant embryonic neoplasm typically presenting as a cilliary body mass during childhood. It is composed of medullary epithelial cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloepithelioma Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloepithelioma, NOS","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloepithelioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL505197"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9501/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Medulloepithelioma_not_Otherwise_Specified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medulloepithelioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9501/3"}]}}{"C6910":{"preferredName":"Melanotic Psammomatous Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","code":"C6910","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor characterized by the presence of malignant cells that contain melanin and formation of psammoma bodies.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Melanocytic Psammomatous MPNST","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanocytic Psammomatous Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic Psammomatous Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanotic psammomatous MPNST","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1321709"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Melanotic_Psammomatous_Malignant_Peripheral_Nerve_Sheath_Tumor"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Melanotic psammomatous MPNST"}]}}{"C6879":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Mixed Ductal-Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C6879","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from the pancreas showing a mixture of ductal and neuroendocrine malignant cells in both the primary tumor and in the metastatic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Ductal-Endocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Ductal-Endocrine Carcinoma of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Ductal-Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Pancreas","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Mixed ductal-endocrine carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Mixed Ductal-Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1301048"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mixed_Ductal-Endocrine_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed ductal-endocrine carcinoma"}]}}{"C121786":{"preferredName":"Mixed Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C121786","definitions":[{"description":"A benign myoepithelioma characterized by the presence of a minor ductal component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Mixed Tumor, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mixed tumor, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4049618"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed tumor, NOS"}]}}{"C173720":{"preferredName":"Odontogenic Carcinoma","code":"C173720","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from tooth-forming tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Odontogenic Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic carcinoma"}]}}{"C173738":{"preferredName":"Odontogenic Sarcoma","code":"C173738","definitions":[{"description":"A sarcoma that arises from tooth-forming tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Odontogenic Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Odontogenic sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Odontogenic sarcoma"}]}}{"C129319":{"preferredName":"Oligodendroglioma, Not Otherwise Specified","code":"C129319","definitions":[{"description":"An oligodendroglioma in which there is insufficient information on the IDH genes and 1p/19q codeletion status.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, NOS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, NOS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, Not Otherwise Specified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512389"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oligodendroglioma, NOS"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9450/3"}]}}{"C7072":{"preferredName":"Oncocytic Neoplasm","code":"C7072","definitions":[{"description":"A benign neoplasm composed of large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm (oncocytes).","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A usually benign neoplasm composed of large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. Representative examples include oncocytic neoplasms of the thyroid gland, and kidney. (NCI05)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ONCOCYTOMA, BENIGN","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Tumor","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oncocytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oncocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Oncocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Oncocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, Oncocytic Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1378050"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Oncocytic_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oncocytoma"}]}}{"C3328":{"preferredName":"Pineal Region Neoplasm","code":"C3328","definitions":[{"description":"A tumor arising in the pineal region, the majority of which are malignant germ cell tumors. A minority of pinealomas are benign, and comprise neoplastic cells that resemble normal pineocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A type of brain tumor that occurs in or around the pineal gland, a tiny organ near the center of the brain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the pineal region.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Neoplasm of Pineal Area","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of Pineal Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Pineal Area","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Neoplasm of the Pineal Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Area Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Area Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Body Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Body Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Region Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Region Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pineal Region Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pineal Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pinealoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Pinealoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pinealoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Pineal Area","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of Pineal Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Pineal Area","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tumor of the Pineal Region","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"pineal region tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1412004"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pineal_Region_Neoplasm"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Pinealoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9360/1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pinealoma"}]}}{"C45339":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous CD8-Positive Aggressive Epidermotropic Cytotoxic T-Cell Lymphoma","code":"C45339","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive, epidermotropic primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. It is characterized by the presence of eruptive papules and nodules, or tumors, which may be localized or disseminated. Morphologically, it is composed of small to medium-sized, or medium-sized to large, CD8-positive T-lymphocytes with pleomorphic or blastic nuclei. Epidermotropism is often pronounced. Angiocentricity and angioinvasion may be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Aggressive Epidermotropic CD8-Positive T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD8-Positive Aggressive Epidermotropic Cytotoxic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous CD8-Positive Aggressive Epidermotropic T-Cell Lymphoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary cutaneous CD8-positive aggressive epidermotropic cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709653"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9709/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Primary_Cutaneous_Aggressive_Epidermotropic_CD8-Positive_T-Cell_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary cutaneous CD8-positive aggressive epidermotropic cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma"}]}}{"C45194":{"preferredName":"Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Leg Type","code":"C45194","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma, usually involving the lower leg. It is composed of a generally monotonous proliferation of immunoblasts, or less frequently centroblasts, with few admixed reactive cells. This type of lymphoma occurs most often in elderly women who present with rapidly growing tumors, usually on one or both legs. Dissemination to extracutaneous sites is frequent. Treatment with combination chemotherapy is usually required.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Leg Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Leg-Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary cutaneous DLBCL, leg type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1709656"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"9680/3"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Primary_Cutaneous_Diffuse_Large_B-Cell_Lymphoma_Leg_Type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Primary cutaneous DLBCL, leg type"}]}}{"C7167":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts-1","code":"C7167","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome defined by 5-9% blasts in the bone marrow, and <5% blasts in the blood. Approximately 25% of cases progress to an acute leukemia. (WHO)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDS-EB-1","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts-1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAEB I","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"RAEB-1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"RAEB-I","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1318550"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"RAEB-1"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"RAEB I"}]}}{"C7168":{"preferredName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts-2","code":"C7168","definitions":[{"description":"A myelodysplastic syndrome defined by 10-19% blasts in the bone marrow or 5-19% blasts in the blood. Approximately 33% of cases progress to acute leukemia. The prognosis is usually poor.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MDS-EB-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Excess Blasts-2","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAEB II","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"RAEB-2","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"RAEB-2","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"RAEB-II","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1318551"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"RAEB-2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Refractory anemia with excess of blasts 2"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"RAEB II"}]}}{"C5568":{"preferredName":"Skin Nodulo-Ulcerative Basal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C5568","definitions":[{"description":"A type of basal cell carcinoma of the skin. It appears as a flesh-colored papule with telangiectatic vessels on its surface. It grows slowly; as it enlarges it becomes necrotic forming a central ulcer with raised borders.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Nodulo-Ulcerative Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rodent Ulcer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Rodent ulcer","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Skin Nodulo-Ulcerative Basal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0862887"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Nodulo-Ulcerative_Basal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Rodent ulcer"}]}}{"C36310":{"preferredName":"Secondary Carcinoma","code":"C36310","definitions":[{"description":"A carcinoma that arises from a pre-existing lower grade epithelial lesion, or as a result of a primary carcinoma that has spread to secondary sites, or due to a complication of a cancer treatment.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Secondary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Secondary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Secondary carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0085668"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Secondary_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Secondary carcinoma"}]}}{"C94537":{"preferredName":"Spindle Cell Oncocytoma","code":"C94537","definitions":[{"description":"A very rare, WHO grade I neoplasm of the posterior pituitary. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with eosinophilic, granular cytoplasm forming fascicles. Electron microscopic studies demonstrate the accumulation of intracytoplasmic mitochondria and lack of secretory granules. Immunohistochemical studies are negative for pituitary hormones. Patients may present with pituitary hypofunction, visual disturbances, headache, nausea and vomiting. The clinical course is usually benign.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Folliculo-Stellate Cell Tumor of the Pituitary","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCO","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Oncocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Oncocytoma of the Adenohypophysis","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle Cell Oncocytoma of the Adenohypophysis (WHO Grade I)","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Spindle cell oncocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2986561"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8290/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Benign"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Spindle cell oncocytoma"}]}}{"C35382":{"preferredName":"True Histiocytic Lymphoma","code":"C35382","definitions":[{"description":"An outdated term referring to non-Hodgkin lymphomas made up of large abnormal lymphoid cells. Histiocytic lymphomas include mature B-cell and T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Many tumors that were once called histiocytic lymphomas are now considered to be a type of large cell lymphoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"An antiquated term referring to large cell lymphomas.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"True Histiocytic Lymphoma","termGroup":"AQ","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"True histiocytic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"histiocytic lymphoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL414775"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"True_Histiocytic_Lymphoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"True histiocytic lymphoma"}]}}{"C89476":{"preferredName":"Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer AJCC v7","code":"C89476","definitions":[{"description":"Abnormal cells are found in tissue lining the inside of the vagina (birth canal). These abnormal cells may become cancer and spread into nearby normal tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ (preinvasive carcinoma). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. FIGO no longer includes stage 0. (AJCC 7th ed.)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Grade III Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Grade III Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia AJCC v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer AJCC v7","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAIN 3","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAIN 3 AJCC v7","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAIN III","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"VAIN III","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"VAIN III AJCC v7","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 3 AJCC v7","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"stage 0 vaginal carcinoma in situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3146269"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"VAIN III"}]}}{"C5530":{"preferredName":"Prostate Acinar Adenocarcinoma, Sarcomatoid Variant","code":"C5530","definitions":[{"description":"A rare morphologic variant of acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland with unfavorable prognosis, composed of both malignant glandular and sarcomatous components. The sarcomatous component contains a malignant spindle cell proliferation or specific mesenchymal elements including osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Acinar Prostate Adenocarcinoma, Sarcomatoid Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Acinar Adenocarcinoma, Sarcomatoid Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Carcinosarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Prostate Sarcomatoid Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of the Prostate","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1335519"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept 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presence of tall columnar cells with basal nuclei and abundant cytoplasmic mucin.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Lung Mucinous Adenocarcinoma In Situ","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL554698"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma in situ, mucinous"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma in situ of lung, mucinous"}]}}{"C40017":{"preferredName":"Rete Ovarii Adenocarcinoma","code":"C40017","definitions":[{"description":"An exceptionally rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the rete ovarii.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocarcinoma of rete ovarii","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Rete Ovarii Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3840223"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Rete_Ovarii_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma of rete ovarii"}]}}{"C129290":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma, IDH-Mutant","code":"C129290","definitions":[{"description":"Anaplastic astrocytoma carrying IDH mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma, IDH Mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma, IDH-Mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic astrocytoma, IDH-mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512333"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic astrocytoma, IDH-mutant"}]}}{"C129291":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma, IDH-Wildtype","code":"C129291","definitions":[{"description":"Anaplastic astrocytoma lacking mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma, IDH Wild Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Astrocytoma, IDH-Wildtype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic astrocytoma, IDH-wildtype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512334"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic astrocytoma, IDH-wildtype"}]}}{"C129321":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma, IDH-Mutant and 1p/19q-Codeleted","code":"C129321","definitions":[{"description":"An anaplastic oligodendroglioma carrying IDH gene family mutation and combined whole-arm losses of 1p and 19q (1p/19q codeletion).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma, IDH mutant and 1p/19q Codeleted","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma, IDH-Mutant and 1p/19q-Codeleted","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512337"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted"}]}}{"C129327":{"preferredName":"Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma","code":"C129327","definitions":[{"description":"A WHO grade III pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma characterized by the presence of five or more mitoses per 10 high-power fields. Necrosis may be present. Patients have shorter survival rates when compared to those with WHO grade II pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"APX","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Anaplastic pleomorphic xanthroastrocytoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"WHO Grade III Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512339"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Anaplastic pleomorphic xanthroastrocytoma"}]}}{"C47847":{"preferredName":"Breast Carcinoma with Chondroid Metaplasia","code":"C47847","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive carcinoma of the breast showing differentiation towards cartilaginous structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma with Cartilaginous Metaplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma with Chondroid Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707042"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Breast_Carcinoma_with_Chondroid_Metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma with chondroid differentiation"}]}}{"C47848":{"preferredName":"Breast Carcinoma with Osseous Metaplasia","code":"C47848","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive breast carcinoma showing differentiation towards bone structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Breast Carcinoma with Osseous Metaplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1711312"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Breast_Carcinoma_with_Osseous_Metaplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Carcinoma with osseous differentiation"}]}}{"C39827":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Clear Cell Variant","code":"C39827","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder characterized by the presence of clear cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Clear cell (glycogen-rich) urothelial carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Clear Cell Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512737"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infiltrating_Bladder_Urothelial_Carcinoma_Clear_Cell_Variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Clear cell (glycogen-rich) urothelial carcinoma"}]}}{"C129501":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor with Rhabdoid Features","code":"C129501","definitions":[{"description":"A central nervous system embryonal neoplasm characterized by the presence of histological features consistent with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor and absence of mutations of the INI1 gene or SMARCA4 (BRG1) gene.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS Embryonal Tumor with Rhabdoid Features","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"CNS Embryonal tumor with rhabdoid features","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor with Rhabdoid Features","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512681"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Embryonal tumor with rhabdoid features"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"CNS Embryonal tumor with rhabdoid features"}]}}{"C7267":{"preferredName":"Combined Lung Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","code":"C7267","definitions":[{"description":"A subtype of large cell neuroendocrine lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of large neuroendocrine cells in combination with adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, giant cell carcinoma and/ or spindle cell carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Combined Large Cell Lung Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Combined Lung Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lung Combined Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Combined Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1333122"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Combined_Large_Cell_Neuroendocrine_Carcinoma_of_the_Lung"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma"}]}}{"C37272":{"preferredName":"Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Differentiated Type","code":"C37272","definitions":[{"description":"HPV-negative vulvar squamous intraepithelial proliferation with abnormal keratinocyte differentiation and basal cell atypia. These lesions are most strongly linked to cancer by association rather than outcome. Risk of progression to invasion is unclear but can be rapid, often less than six months. Management is predicated on complete removal. (WHO, 2014)","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Differentiated Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Differentiated-type vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Simplex (Differentiated) Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SxVIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Carcinoma In Situ of Simplex Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Differentiated","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Differentiated (Simplex)","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Differentiated (Simplex) Type","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Differentiated Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Simplex","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"d-VIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"dVIN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1335968"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Simplex_Differentiated_Type_of_Vulvar_Intraepithelial_Neoplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Differentiated-type vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia"}]}}{"C129271":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma, IDH-Mutant","code":"C129271","definitions":[{"description":"Diffuse astrocytoma carrying IDH mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma, IDH Mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma, IDH-Mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512140"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-mutant"}]}}{"C129274":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma, IDH-Wildtype","code":"C129274","definitions":[{"description":"Diffuse astrocytoma lacking mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 genes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma, IDH Wild Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Diffuse Astrocytoma, IDH-Wildtype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-wildtype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512141"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-wildtype"}]}}{"C129424":{"preferredName":"Diffuse Leptomeningeal Glioneuronal Tumor","code":"C129424","definitions":[{"description":"A relatively slow growing diffuse leptomeningeal neoplasm usually affecting children and adolescents. It is characterized by the presence of clear glial neoplastic cells reminiscent of oligodendroglioma. A neuronal component may be present. The prognosis is variable.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Diffuse Leptomeningeal Glioneuronal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Disseminated Oligodendroglial-Like Leptomeningeal Tumor of Childhood","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512526"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor"}]}}{"C127907":{"preferredName":"Endocervical Adenocarcinoma, Usual Type","code":"C127907","definitions":[{"description":"An adenocarcinoma that arises from the endocervix. It is the most common type of endocervical adenocarcinoma. The neoplastic epithelium shows a pseudostratified architecture and the malignant cells have enlarged, elongated, and hyperchromatic nuclei.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endocervical Adenocarcinoma, Usual Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endocervical adenocarcinoma usual type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL508738"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endocervical adenocarcinoma usual type"}]}}{"C27846":{"preferredName":"Villoglandular Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma","code":"C27846","definitions":[{"description":"A primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of numerous finger-like villi lined by neoplastic columnar cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Endometrioid adenocarcinoma, villoglandular","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"},{"termName":"Villoglandular Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1336962"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Villoglandular_Uterine_Corpus_Endometrioid_Adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid adenocarcinoma, villoglandular"}]}}{"C6290":{"preferredName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Variant with Squamous Differentiation","code":"C6290","definitions":[{"description":"An endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium showing squamous differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Adenocanthoma of Endometrium","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adenocanthoma of the Endometrium","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Adenoacanthoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma with Squamous Differentiation","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Variant with Squamous Differentiation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Variant with Squamous Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Variant with Squamous Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0279763"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Endometrial_Adenosquamous_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Endometrioid carcinoma with squamous differentiation"}]}}{"C129293":{"preferredName":"Epithelioid Glioblastoma","code":"C129293","definitions":[{"description":"An IDH-wildtype glioblastoma characterized by the presence of large epithelioid cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, vesicular chromatin, and prominent nucleoli.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Epithelioid Glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Epithelioid glioblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512400"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Epithelioid glioblastoma"}]}}{"C27547":{"preferredName":"Fibrosarcomatous Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","code":"C27547","definitions":[{"description":"A morphologic variant of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans characterized by the presence of a fibrosarcomatous component.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Fibrosarcomatous Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Fibrosarcomatous dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3665732"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Fibrosarcomatous_Dermatofibrosarcoma_Protuberans"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Fibrosarcomatous dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, fibrosarcomatous"}]}}{"C39750":{"preferredName":"Glioblastoma, IDH-Wildtype","code":"C39750","definitions":[{"description":"A glioblastoma that arises de novo. It is more commonly seen in older patients. Mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 genes are not present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Glioblastoma, IDH-Wildtype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Glioblastoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Glioblastoma Multiforme","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Primary Glioblastoma, IDH-Wildtype","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1514422"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Primary_Glioblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Glioblastoma, IDH wildtype"}]}}{"C95506":{"preferredName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Tubulopapillary Neoplasm","code":"C95506","definitions":[{"description":"An epithelial neoplasm that arises from the exocrine pancreas characterized by the formation of tubular structures, high grade dysplasia, and ductal differentiation. Grossly, it is characterized by the presence of intraductal nodular masses. Morphologically, there are nodules of tubular glands and occasional papillary structures growing in dilated ducts. There is no significant mucin production. Signs and symptoms include epigastric pain, weight loss, vomiting, steatorrhea, and diabetes mellitus.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ITPN","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic ITPN","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Tubular Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Tubulopapillary Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Pancreatic Intraductal Tubulopapillary Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C2987189"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8503/2"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"8503/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Uncertain Malignant Potential"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm"}]}}{"C97049":{"preferredName":"Invasive Breast Lobular Carcinoma, Alveolar Variant","code":"C97049","definitions":[{"description":"A grade I invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, characterized by the presence of round groups of neoplastic cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Invasive Breast Lobular Carcinoma, Alveolar Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Alveolar Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273215"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Invasive lobular carcinoma, alveolar type"}]}}{"C97052":{"preferredName":"Invasive Breast Lobular Carcinoma, Solid Variant","code":"C97052","definitions":[{"description":"A grade I invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells that form trabeculae and groups infiltrating collagen bundles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Invasive Breast Lobular Carcinoma, Solid Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Solid Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273217"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Invasive lobular carcinoma, solid type"}]}}{"C97053":{"preferredName":"Invasive Breast Lobular Carcinoma, Tubulolobular Variant","code":"C97053","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells forming small tubular structures.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Invasive Breast Lobular Carcinoma, Tubulolobular Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Tubulolobular Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Tubulolobular Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273218"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tubulolobular carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Invasive lobular carcinoma, tubulolobular variant"}]}}{"C136709":{"preferredName":"Invasive Lung Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","code":"C136709","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive adenocarcinoma that arises from the lung. It is characterized by the presence of tall columnar cells and mucin production. This category refers to cases formerly classified as mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, excluding cases that meet the criteria for adenocarcinoma in situ or mucinous minimally invasive adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Invasive Lung Mucinous Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Mucinous Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL524517"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma, mucinous"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Bronchio-alveolar carcinoma, mucinous"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"8253/3"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenocarcinoma of lung, mucinous"}]}}{"C123160":{"preferredName":"Lepidic Predominant Adenocarcinoma","code":"C123160","definitions":[{"description":"A lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of mildly and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma cells across the alveolar walls with at least one focus of invasive carcinoma measuring more than 5 mm in greatest dimension.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"LPA","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lepidic Predominant Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lepidic Predominant Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Lepidic Predominant Lung Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lepidic adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Lepidic predominant adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4049711"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lepidic predominant adenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lepidic adenocarcinoma"}]}}{"C39828":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Lipid-Rich Variant","code":"C39828","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma characterized by the presence of lipid laden tumor cells.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Lipid-Cell Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Lipid-Rich Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Lipid-rich urothelial carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512738"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infiltrating_Bladder_Urothelial_Carcinoma_Lipid_Cell_Variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Lipid-rich urothelial carcinoma"}]}}{"C40362":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Breast Adenosquamous Carcinoma","code":"C40362","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with morphologic features similar to the adenosquamous carcinoma of the skin. In the majority of cases the prognosis is excellent.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Breast Syringomatous Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Adenosquamous Breast Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low Grade Breast Adenosquamous Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518013"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Low_Grade_Adenosquamous_Breast_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Low grade adenosquamous carcinoma"}]}}{"C62192":{"preferredName":"Salivary Gland Intraductal Carcinoma","code":"C62192","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, low-grade adenocarcinoma that arises from the salivary glands. It is characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by ductal cells which are arranged in cribriform patterns. Adjacent ducts show intraductal proliferation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Low Grade Salivary Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Intraductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Intraductal Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Salivary Gland Low Grade Cribriform Cystadenocarcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1882972"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Salivary_Gland_Low_Grade_Cribriform_Cystadenocarcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Low grade cribriform cystadenocarcinoma (LGCCC)"}]}}{"C45202":{"preferredName":"Low Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma","code":"C45202","definitions":[{"description":"A low grade, late-metastasizing variant of fibrosarcoma characterized by alternating fibrous and myxoid areas and a whorling growth pattern. The neoplastic cells have a spindle morphology, and lack hyperchromasia or significant nuclear atypia. Approximately 40% of cases show the focal presence of collagen rosettes. A t(7;16)(q33;p11) translocation has been identified in the majority of cases, associated with the presence of FUS-CREB3L2 fusion protein. Rare cases carry the t(11;16)(p11;p11) translocation which is associated with the presence of the FUS-CREB3L1 fusion protein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Low Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1275282"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Low_Grade_Fibromyxoid_Sarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma"}]}}{"C6530":{"preferredName":"Malignant Pericytic Neoplasm","code":"C6530","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the perivascular cells of the connective and soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of pericytes that grow in a circumferential pattern around vessels, and cytologic atypia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Pericytic Neoplasm","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Pericytic Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Perivascular Neoplasm","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Perivascular Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334611"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Perivascular_Neoplasm"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant perivascular epithelial cell tumor"}]}}{"C54039":{"preferredName":"Classic Medulloblastoma","code":"C54039","definitions":[{"description":"A medulloblastoma composed of malignant cells with hyperchromatic nucleus and scanty cytoplasm. Homer Wright rosettes may be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Classic Medulloblastoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, classic","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1707400"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Classic_Medulloblastoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medulloblastoma, classic"}]}}{"C129445":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma, Non-WNT/Non-SHH, Group 3","code":"C129445","definitions":[{"description":"Medulloblastoma not associated with activation of the WNT pathway or sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway. MYC amplifications may be present. TP53 mutations are absent. Patients in this group are usually young children. The overall survival is the worst among all the molecular groups.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, Non-WNT/Non-SHH, Group 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, group 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512711"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medulloblastoma, group 3"}]}}{"C129446":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma, Non-WNT/Non-SHH, Group 4","code":"C129446","definitions":[{"description":"Medulloblastoma not associated with activation of the WNT pathway or sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway. MYC amplifications are absent. TP53 mutations are absent. Chromosome 17 abnormalities may be present.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, Non-WNT/Non-SHH, Group 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, group 4","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512712"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medulloblastoma, group 4"}]}}{"C129442":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma, SHH-Activated, TP53-Mutant","code":"C129442","definitions":[{"description":"Medulloblastoma associated with activation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway and the presence of TP53 mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, SHH-Activated, TP53-Mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, SHH-activated and TP53-mutant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512715"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medulloblastoma, SHH-activated and TP53-mutant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"9476/3"}]}}{"C129443":{"preferredName":"Medulloblastoma, SHH-Activated, TP53-Wildtype","code":"C129443","definitions":[{"description":"Medulloblastoma associated with activation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway and the absence of TP53 mutations.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, SHH-Activated, TP53-Wildtype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Medulloblastoma, SHH-activated and TP53-wildtype","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512716"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Medulloblastoma, SHH-activated and TP53-wildtype"}]}}{"C5317":{"preferredName":"Meningeal Melanoma","code":"C5317","definitions":[{"description":"A melanoma that arises from leptomeningeal melanocytes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Leptomeningeal Melanoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma of Leptomeninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Melanoma of the Leptomeninges","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningeal Melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Meningeal melanoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1334386"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Leptomeningeal_Melanoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Meningeal melanoma"}]}}{"C39820":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Microcystic Variant","code":"C39820","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma. It is characterized by microcysts formation. It is also associated with intracytoplasmic mucin deposits and calcification in cyst walls.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Microcystic Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Microcystic urothelial carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512740"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infiltrating_Bladder_Urothelial_Carcinoma_Microcystic_Variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Microcystic urothelial carcinoma"}]}}{"C154494":{"preferredName":"MiT Family Translocation-Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C154494","definitions":[{"description":"A renal cell carcinoma (RCC) usually seen in children or young adults. It is characterized by papillary, alveolar and nested growth patterns with clear and eosinophilic cells. The carcinomas range from microscopic lesions to clinically symptomatic tumors. It is associated with translocations/gene fusions involving members of the MiT family of transcription factors, including TFE3 and TFEB. There are two subtypes; RCCs associated with Xp11 translocations and TFE3 gene fusions and RCCs with t(6:11) translocations resulting in MALAT1-TFEB gene fusions.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"MiT Family Translocation-Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"MiT family translocation renal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL557969"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"MiT family translocation renal cell carcinoma"}]}}{"C39912":{"preferredName":"Testicular Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor, Unclassified","code":"C39912","definitions":[{"description":"A testicular mixed germ cell-sex cord-stromal tumor in which the neoplastic germ cells and the neoplastic sex cord-stromal cells do not form nests and are instead arranged in a diffuse pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Testicular Mixed Germ Cell-Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor, Unclassified","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL448662"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Testicular_Mixed_Germ_Cell-Sex_Cord-Stromal_Tumor_Unclassified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mixed germ cell sex cord-stromal tumor, unclassified"}]}}{"C127905":{"preferredName":"Cervical Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Gastric Type","code":"C127905","definitions":[{"description":"A cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma showing gastric differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Gastric Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL509705"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous carcinoma, gastric type"}]}}{"C40203":{"preferredName":"Cervical Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Intestinal-Type","code":"C40203","definitions":[{"description":"A cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma that resembles the large intestinal adenocarcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Intestinal Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Intestinal-Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1516422"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cervical_Mucinous_Adenocarcinoma_Intestinal_Variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous carcinoma, intestinal type"}]}}{"C39807":{"preferredName":"Mucinous Tubular and Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney","code":"C39807","definitions":[{"description":"A malignant neoplasm of the kidney, characterized by the presence of tubules.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"A low grade carcinoma of the kidney characterized by the presence of tubules which are separated by mucinous stroma. Often the tubular structures have a spindle cell appearance. Patients are usually asymptomatic and occasionally they may present with hematuria or flank pain.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CARCINOMA, RENAL, TUBULAR, MALIGNANT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Mucinous Tubular and Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Mucinous Tubular and Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"CDISC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1513719"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"ICD-O-3_Code","value":"0000/0"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Mucinous_Tubular_and_Spindle_Renal_Cell_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma"}]}}{"C39819":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Nested Variant","code":"C39819","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma. It is characterized by a nested growth pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Nested Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Nested urothelial carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512741"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infiltrating_Bladder_Urothelial_Carcinoma_Nested_Variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Nested urothelial carcinoma"}]}}{"C155863":{"preferredName":"Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocrine Lesion","code":"C155863","definitions":[{"description":"A neoplastic lesion with neuroendocrine differentiation and poorly differentiated histological features.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocrine 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1p/19q-Codeleted","code":"C129318","definitions":[{"description":"An oligodendroglioma carrying IDH gene family mutation and combined whole-arm losses of 1p and 19q (1p/19q codeletion).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, IDH Mutant and 1p/19q Codeleted","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, IDH-Mutant and 1p/19q-Codeleted","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512489"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted"}]}}{"C121774":{"preferredName":"Malignant Ossifying Fibromyxoid Tumor","code":"C121774","definitions":[{"description":"An ossifying fibromyxoid tumor characterized by the presence of high grade nuclear features or increased cellularity and more than two mitotic figures per 50 HPFs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Ossifying Fibromyxoid Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3839955"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor, malignant"}]}}{"C121789":{"preferredName":"Malignant Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor","code":"C121789","definitions":[{"description":"A phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor that has metastasized from its original site of growth to other anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor, malignant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3839061"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor, malignant"}]}}{"C97051":{"preferredName":"Invasive Breast Lobular Carcinoma, Pleomorphic Variant","code":"C97051","definitions":[{"description":"A grade II invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with large and atypical nuclei.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Invasive Breast Lobular Carcinoma, Pleomorphic Variant","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma, Pleomorphic Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C3273216"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma"}]}}{"C142825":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Artery Intimal Sarcoma","code":"C142825","definitions":[{"description":"A sarcoma arising from the arterial intima of pulmonary arteries.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Intimal Sarcoma of the Pulmonary Artery","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAIS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PAS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"PIS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Artery Intimal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Artery Intimal Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Artery Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Intimal Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL540697"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma"}]}}{"C7572":{"preferredName":"Kidney Medullary Carcinoma","code":"C7572","definitions":[{"description":"A type of renal carcinoma affecting mostly young African-Americans. It is located in the medulla of the kidney, and follows an aggressive clinical course. Most reported cases have shown metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Kidney Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal Medullary Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Renal medullary carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4049328"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Renal_Medullary_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Renal medullary carcinoma"}]}}{"C5904":{"preferredName":"Salivary Duct Carcinoma","code":"C5904","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive, high grade adenocarcinoma that arises from the salivary glands. It usually affects elderly males and presents as a rapidly enlarging mass. It metastasizes to regional lymph nodes and distant anatomic sites.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Carcinoma of Salivary Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Carcinoma of the Salivary Duct","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"High Grade Salivary Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Salivary Duct Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Salivary duct carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1301194"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Salivary_Duct_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Salivary duct carcinoma"}]}}{"C49027":{"preferredName":"Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma","code":"C49027","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, well-circumscribed malignant fibroblastic neoplasm that arises from the soft tissue. It is characterized by the presence of nests of malignant epithelioid fibroblasts and sclerotic collagen stroma formation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"SEF","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1710026"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Sclerosing_Epithelioid_Fibrosarcoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma"}]}}{"C121655":{"preferredName":"Sclerosing Rhabdomyosarcoma","code":"C121655","definitions":[{"description":"An uncommon variant of rhabdomyosarcoma with sclerosing morphology. It usually arises from the limbs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Sclerosing Rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4048700"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma"}]}}{"C40152":{"preferredName":"Serous Endometrial Intraepithelial Carcinoma","code":"C40152","definitions":[{"description":"A precursor of endometrial serous adenocarcinoma characterized by the replacement of the normal endometrial cells by malignant glandular cells that resemble the malignant cells of invasive serous adenocarcinoma. The endometrial neoplastic process is non-invasive. It may coexist with invasive endometrial adenocarcinoma or can be associated with metastases outside the uterus, in the absence of invasive endometrial carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"EIC","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Intraepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Serous Carcinoma in Situ","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Serous Intraepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Endometrial Surface Serous Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous Endometrial Intraepithelial Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Serous endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1516857"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Endometrial_Serous_Intraepithelial_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous intraepithelial carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Serous endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma"}]}}{"C40440":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Small Cell Carcinoma, Pulmonary-Type","code":"C40440","definitions":[{"description":"An aggressive small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the ovary. Morphologically, it resembles the small cell carcinoma that arises from the lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Small Cell Carcinoma, Pulmonary-Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Small Cell NEC","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Ovarian Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518737"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Small_Cell_Carcinoma_Pulmonary_Type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small cell carcinoma pulmonary type"}]}}{"C40439":{"preferredName":"Ovarian Small Cell Carcinoma, Hypercalcemic Type","code":"C40439","definitions":[{"description":"An undifferentiated small cell carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is associated with hypercalcemia. Electron microscopic studies show neurosecretory granules are either absent or, when present, are in small numbers.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Ovarian Small Cell Carcinoma, Hypercalcemic Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Ovarian Small Cell Carcinoma, Hypercalcemic Type","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"SCCOHT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1518736"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Ovarian_Small_Cell_Carcinoma_Hypercalcemic_Type"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Small cell carcinoma, hypercalcemic type"}]}}{"C129530":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 1","code":"C129530","definitions":[{"description":"A solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma that arises from the central nervous system. It corresponds most often to the collagenous and low cellularity spindle cell tumor which was diagnosed as central nervous system solitary fibrous tumor in the past.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 1","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Solitary Fibrous Tumor","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 1","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma Grade 1 (CNS)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512613"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma Grade 1 (CNS)"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solitary fibrous tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, grade 1"}]}}{"C129527":{"preferredName":"Central Nervous System Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 3","code":"C129527","definitions":[{"description":"A solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma that arises from the central nervous system. It most often corresponds to the tumor previously diagnosed as anaplastic hemangiopericytoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"CNS Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 3","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Anaplastic Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Malignant Hemangiopericytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Central Nervous System Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma, Grade 3","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma Grade 3 (CNS)","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL512610"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma Grade 3 (CNS)"}]}}{"C40194":{"preferredName":"Cervical Squamotransitional Carcinoma","code":"C40194","definitions":[{"description":"A human papillomavirus-related cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of papillary structures with fibrovascular cores. It is covered with multiple layers of atypical cells that resemble cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Squamotransitional Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1516433"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cervical_Squamotransitional_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Squamotransitional cell carcinoma"}]}}{"C126303":{"preferredName":"Tubulocystic Renal Cell Carcinoma","code":"C126303","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, cytologically high grade carcinoma that arises from the renal parenchyma. It is characterized by the presence of prominently dilated cystic spaces in a bland, fibrotic stroma. The lining cells have large irregular nuclei with prominent nucleoli and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. Necrosis and mitotic figures are not present. It rarely metastasizes.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Tubulocystic Renal Cell Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Tubulocystic Renal Cell Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"NCI_META_CUI","value":"CL504875"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma"}]}}{"C121802":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Epithelioid Sarcoma","code":"C121802","definitions":[{"description":"An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma characterized by the presence of a malignant cellular infiltrate with epithelioid morphology.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Undifferentiated Epithelioid Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated epithelioid sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4053898"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Undifferentiated epithelioid sarcoma"}]}}{"C8563":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated High Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Bone","code":"C8563","definitions":[{"description":"A rare, high-grade pleomorphic malignant neoplasm arising from the bone. It usually presents with pain which may or may not be associated with swelling in the affected area. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped cells, polygonal or epithelioid cells, multinucleated giant cells, and inflammatory cells. The neoplastic cells exhibit nuclear pleomorphism and high mitotic activity. It metastasizes frequently, most often in the lungs.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Malignant Bone Fibrous Histiocytoma","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of Bone","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of the Bone","termGroup":"AQS","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated High Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated High Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Bone","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated High Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Bone","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated High-Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0740479"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Malignant_Bone_Fibrous_Histiocytoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Undifferentiated high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma"}]}}{"C121799":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Round Cell Sarcoma","code":"C121799","definitions":[{"description":"An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma characterized by the presence of uniform round or ovoid malignant cells with a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Undifferentiated Ewing Tumor","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"PCDC"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated Round Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated round cell sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4048304"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"PCDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Undifferentiated round cell sarcoma"}]}}{"C121797":{"preferredName":"Undifferentiated Spindle Cell Sarcoma","code":"C121797","definitions":[{"description":"An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma characterized by the presence of a malignant spindle cell infiltrate with amphophilic or palely eosinophilic cytoplasm.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Undifferentiated Spindle Cell Sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Undifferentiated spindle cell sarcoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C4048234"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Undifferentiated spindle cell sarcoma"}]}}{"C39842":{"preferredName":"Bladder Urachal Carcinoma","code":"C39842","definitions":[{"description":"A rare variant of carcinoma of the urachal remnant of bladder.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bladder Urachal Cancer","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Bladder Urachal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Bladder Urachal Carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urachal carcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1511205"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Bladder_Urachal_Carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Urachal carcinoma"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Malignant neoplasm of urachus"}]}}{"C39816":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Squamous Differentiation","code":"C39816","definitions":[{"description":"An invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder that exhibits squamous differentiation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Squamous","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Squamous Differentiation","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Squamous Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512748"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infiltrating_Bladder_Urothelial_Carcinoma_with_Squamous_Differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation"}]}}{"C39818":{"preferredName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Trophoblastic Differentiation","code":"C39818","definitions":[{"description":"A variant of infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma. It is characterized by the presence of trophoblastic differentiation within the carcinoma.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Trophoblastic Differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Urothelial carcinoma with trophoblastic differentiation","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"GDC"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1512749"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Infiltrating_Bladder_Urothelial_Carcinoma_with_Trophoblastic_Differentiation"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Urothelial carcinoma with trophoblastic differentiation"}]}}{"C40208":{"preferredName":"Cervical Villoglandular Adenocarcinoma","code":"C40208","definitions":[{"description":"A cervical adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a prominent villoglandular pattern.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Cervical Adenocarcinoma, Villoglandular Variant","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Villoglandular Adenocarcinoma","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Cervical Villoglandular Carcinoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1516425"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Malignant"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Cervical_Mucinous_Adenocarcinoma_Villoglandular_Variant"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Villoglandular carcinoma"}]}}{"C49343":{"preferredName":"Deep Vein Thrombosis","code":"C49343","definitions":[{"description":"Formation of a blood clot within a deep vein.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The formation of a blood clot in a deep vein of the leg or lower pelvis. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, warmth, and redness in the affected area.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A blood clot in a deep vein, predominantly in the lower extremity, but may include the pelvis or upper extremity.","attr":"NICHD","defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"DVT","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"DVT","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"termName":"Deep Vein Thrombosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Deep Vein Thrombosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Deep Vein Thrombosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Deep Vein Thrombosis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Deep Venous Thrombosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"deep vein thrombosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0149871"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Deep_Vein_Thrombosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Deep Venous Thrombosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"DVT/PE"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Deep vein thrombosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Deep Vein Thrombosis / Thromboembolism"}]}}{"C50713":{"preferredName":"Pulmonary Embolism","code":"C50713","definitions":[{"description":"The obstruction of blood flow by an embolus within the pulmonary circulation.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"The obstruction of the pulmonary artery or one of its branches by an embolus, sometimes associated with infarction of the lung.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"The obstruction of the pulmonary artery or one of its branches by an embolus, sometimes associated with infarction of the lung.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Pulmonary Embolism","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Embolism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Embolism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Embolism","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Pulmonary Embolism","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034065"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Pulmonary_Embolism"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Pulmonary Embolism"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Pulmonary embolism"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"DVT/PE"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E050303"}]}}{"C75545":{"preferredName":"Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","code":"C75545","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by a form of thrombotic microangiopathy with renal failure, hemolytic anemia, and severe thrombocytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Acute kidney injury associated with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"Acute kidney injury associated with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"HUS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Hemolytic uremic syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0019061"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Hemolytic_Uremic_Syndrome"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Hemolytic-uremic syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"HUS/TTP"}]}}{"C78797":{"preferredName":"Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","code":"C78797","definitions":[{"description":"A coagulation disorder characterized by extensive formation of thrombi in small blood vessels throughout the body due to low levels of ADAMTS13 protein, and resulting in consumption of circulating platelets, which is characterized by thrombocytopenia, anemia, neurologic changes, and sometimes fever and renal dysfunction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by the presence of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura, fever, renal abnormalities and neurological abnormalities such as seizures, hemiplegia, and visual disturbances. It is an acute or subacute condition.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"A coagulation disorder characterized by extensive formation of thrombi in small blood vessels throughout the body due to low levels of ADAMTS13 protein, and resulting in consumption of circulating platelets, which is characterized by thrombocytopenia, anemia, neurologic changes, and sometimes fever and renal dysfunction.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Moschowitz Disease","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTP","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"TTP","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0034155"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"MedDRA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Thrombotic_Thrombocytopenic_Purpura"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"HUS/TTP"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura"}]}}{"C3353":{"preferredName":"Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","code":"C3353","definitions":[{"description":"A disorder characterized by progressive and life-threatening pulmonary distress in the absence of an underlying pulmonary condition, usually following major trauma or surgery.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Progressive and life-threatening pulmonary distress in the absence of an underlying pulmonary condition, usually following major trauma or surgery. Cases of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome are not included in this definition.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Progressive and life-threatening pulmonary distress in the absence of an underlying pulmonary condition, usually following major trauma or surgery. Cases of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome are not included in this definition.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ARDS","termGroup":"AB","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Adult RDS","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Adult respiratory distress syndrome","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0035222"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTCAE"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Adult_Respiratory_Distress_Syndrome"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Interstitial Pneumontis or ARDS"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E0701"}]}}{"C27006":{"preferredName":"Interstitial Pneumonia","code":"C27006","definitions":[{"description":"Inflammation of interstitial lung tissue, usually associated with infection.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Interstitial Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CPTAC"},{"termName":"Interstitial Pneumonia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Interstitial Pneumonia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Interstitial Pneumonitis","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0206061"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CPTAC"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Interstitial_Pneumonitis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Interstitial Pneumontis or ARDS"}]}}{"C3298":{"preferredName":"Osteoporosis","code":"C3298","definitions":[{"description":"A condition that is marked by a decrease in bone mass and density, causing bones to become fragile.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"A disorder characterized by reduced bone mass, with a decrease in cortical thickness and in the number and size of the trabeculae of cancellous bone (but normal chemical composition), resulting in increased fracture incidence.","attr":null,"defSource":"CTCAE"},{"description":"Reduced bone mineral density due to decreased number and thickness of bone trabeculae and decreased cortical thickness, associated with increased risk of skeletal fractures. A clinical diagnosis of osteoporosis in childhood requires either a finding of one or more otherwise unexplained vertebral compression fractures, or the presence of bone mineral density Z-score less than or equal to 2.0 accompanied by one or more of the following: 1) at least two long bone fractures by age 10 years; 2) at least three long bone fractures up to age 19 years.","attr":null,"defSource":"NICHD"},{"description":"A condition of reduced bone mass, with decreased cortical thickness and a decrease in the number and size of the trabeculae of cancellous bone (but normal chemical composition), resulting in increased fracture incidence. Osteoporosis is classified as primary (Type 1, postmenopausal osteoporosis; Type 2, age-associated osteoporosis; and idiopathic, which can affect juveniles, premenopausal women, and middle-aged men) and secondary osteoporosis (which results from an identifiable cause of bone mass loss).","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Osteoporosis","termGroup":"DN","termSource":"CTRP"},{"termName":"Osteoporosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CTCAE"},{"termName":"Osteoporosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteoporosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NICHD"},{"termName":"osteoporosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0029456"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CTRP"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"NICHD"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Osteoporosis"},{"name":"NICHD_Hierarchy_Term","value":"Osteoporosis"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteoporosis, unspecified"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteoporosis or Osteopenia"}]}}{"C50910":{"preferredName":"Osteopenia","code":"C50910","definitions":[{"description":"A condition in which there is a lower-than-normal bone mass or bone mineral density (the amount of bone mineral contained in a certain amount of bone). Osteopenia is a less severe form of bone loss than osteoporosis.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI-GLOSS"},{"description":"Decreased calcification or density of bone tissue.","attr":"CDRH","defSource":"FDA"},{"description":"Decreased calcification or density of bone tissue.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"Bone Loss","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteopenia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Osteopenia/Osteoporosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"FDA"},{"termName":"osteopenia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI-GLOSS"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0029453"},{"name":"FDA_Table","value":"Patient Code (Appendix B)"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"FDA"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Osteopenia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Osteoporosis or Osteopenia"},{"name":"xRef","value":"IMDRF:E1629"}]}}{"C120861":{"preferredName":"Adenosis","code":"C120861","definitions":[{"description":"The presence of small collections of epithelial cells with or without microlumens in the stroma adjacent to ducts or acini in glandular tissues.","attr":null,"defSource":"CDISC"},{"description":"Any disease or disorder of a gland, characterized by abnormal development or enlargement of the gland.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"ADENOSIS","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"CDISC"},{"termName":"Adenosis","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C0334050"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"CDISC"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenosis (Atypical Adenomatous Hyperplasia)"}]}}{"C5665":{"preferredName":"Atypical Adenomatous Lung Hyperplasia","code":"C5665","definitions":[{"description":"A preinvasive lesion in the lung. It is characterized by the presence of a small, localized proliferation of mildly to moderately atypical type II pneumocytes and/or Clara cells lining alveolar walls and sometimes respiratory bronchioles.","attr":null,"defSource":"NCI"}],"synonyms":[{"termName":"AAH","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"caDSR"},{"termName":"Atypical Adenomatous Hyperplasia of Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Adenomatous Hyperplasia of the Lung","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Adenomatous Lung Hyperplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"Cellosaurus"},{"termName":"Atypical Adenomatous Lung Hyperplasia","termGroup":"PT","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Atypical Alveolar Hyperplasia","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"},{"termName":"Bronchioloalveolar Cell Adenoma","termGroup":"SY","termSource":"NCI"}],"additionalProperties":[{"name":"UMLS_CUI","value":"C1332345"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"GDC"},{"name":"Contributing_Source","value":"Cellosaurus"},{"name":"Neoplastic_Status","value":"Undetermined"},{"name":"Legacy Concept Name","value":"Atypical_Adenomatous_Lung_Hyperplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia"},{"name":"Maps_To","value":"Adenosis (Atypical Adenomatous Hyperplasia)"}]}} diff --git a/server/service/search/index.js b/server/service/search/index.js index 9cf45f8a..81986bfa 100644 --- a/server/service/search/index.js +++ b/server/service/search/index.js @@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ router.get('/suggest', controller.suggestion); router.get('/suggestMisSpelled', controller.suggestionMisSpelled); router.get('/gdcDictionaryVersion', controller.gdcDictionaryVersion); router.get('/preloadSynonumsNcit', controller.preloadSynonumsNcit); + +router.get('/updateSynonumsNcit', controller.updateSynonumsNcit); + router.get('/loadNcitSynonymsContinue', controller.loadSynonyms_continue); router.get('/preloadSynonumsCtcae', controller.preloadSynonumsCtcae); router.get('/loadCtcaeSynonymsContinue', controller.loadCtcaeSynonyms_continue); diff --git a/server/service/search/search.controller.js b/server/service/search/search.controller.js index b7867987..7ce4b602 100644 --- a/server/service/search/search.controller.js +++ b/server/service/search/search.controller.js @@ -752,6 +752,43 @@ const preloadSynonumsNcit = (req, res) => { } } }); +}; + +const updateSynonumsNcit = (req, res) => { + //take all the ncit code from api parameters, a list of ncit codes + //call EVS api to collect the rest of the NCIT related data + + let ncit_codes = req.query.codes; + ncit_codes = ncit_codes.split(","); + + caDSR.updateSynonyms(ncit_codes, function(){ + //read ncit_details.js into memory as a json object + + let code_data = fs.readFile("./server/data_files/ncit_details_tmp.js"); + let ncit_details = fs.readFile("./server/data_files/ncit_details.js"); + + for(let code in ncit_details){ + if(ncit_codes.indexOf(code) > -1){ + let data = code_data[code]; + fs.appendFile("./server/data_files/ncit_details_updated.js", JSON.stringify(data), err => { + if (err) return logger.error(err); + }); + } + else{ + //write ncit_details into new files called ncit_details_updated.js + let tmp = ncit_details[code]; + fs.appendFile("./server/data_files/ncit_details_updated.js", JSON.stringify(tmp), err => { + if (err) return logger.error(err); + }); + } + } + + res.end('Success!!'); + }); + + + + }; const loadSynonyms_continue = (req, res) => { @@ -1254,6 +1291,7 @@ module.exports = { getGDCData, searchICDO3Data, preloadSynonumsNcit, + updateSynonumsNcit, loadSynonyms_continue, preloadSynonumsCtcae, loadCtcaeSynonyms_continue,